habitat_substrate_caloplaca
caloplaca
Caloplaca chalybaea was found growing over boulders (quartzite) in tropical regions between 510-1050 m. It was accompanied by Caloplaca subsoluta (Nyl.) Zahlbr. and C. cinnabarina (Ach.) Zahlbr. Wade (1965) and Wunder (1974) reported this species growing over dolomite and calcareous rocks from Central Europe. Later, Fletcher & Laundon (2009) reported this species growing over hard limestone, natural boulders, buildings, and chest tombs from Europe, Macaronesia, Asia, and Africa. Wetmore (1994) reported it from North and Central America. The present study extends its distribution in India
Caloplaca variabilis f. chalybaea
Pyrenodesmia chalybaea