Mickey Hart's Mystery Box

# Mickey Hart's Mystery Box

## Abstract

Mickey Hart's Mystery Box is an album by former Grateful Dead drummer Mickey Hart. It was released on CD and cassette by Rykodisc Records on June 11, 1996. The album combines Hart's percussion-based world music with the vocal harmonies of the British singing sextet the Mint Juleps. Robert Hunter wrote the lyrics for all the songs.

The song "Only the Strange Remain" was later performed live by the Other Ones, and appears on their album The Strange Remain.

## Critical reception

On Allmusic, Lindsay Planer said, " Mickey Hart's Mystery Box harks back to with first album of pop-oriented material in nearly a quarter-century. He combines the seemingly disparate world of percussion-based rhythms with traditional 'Western-style' structures containing lyrics by Grateful Dead wordsmith Robert Hunter. All the more diverse are the contributions of the Mint Juleps.... Their paradisaical harmonies support Hart's occasional leads, while they're effectively incorporated as primary participants on the infectious groove..."

In The Music Box, John Metzger wrote, "Overlaying the rhythmic sounds created by Hart, Giovanni Hidalgo, Zakir Hussain, Sikiru Adepoju, Babatunde Olatunji, and Airto Moreira are the sweet, soulful vocals of the Mint Juleps. What ensues is an album with more of a rhythm and blues feel than many Hart fans may be accustomed, but... persistence will pay off with tremendous rewards. Robert Hunter penned the lyrics to all of the songs on Mickey Hart's Mystery Box, and as with all of his poetic creations, the lyrics contain multiple meanings that will shift depending upon one's mood.... The Mint Juleps handle the Hunter-penned lyrics so skillfully that the ensemble essentially becomes a rhythm track of its own.... In short, Mickey Hart's Mystery Box is a multi-dimensional album that contains many subtle rhythm and vocal textures."

Roger Catlin of the Hartford Courant called the album "a surprising and enjoyable new direction that marries complex sense of rhythm with the naturally appealing sound of contemporary soul.... Just about the furthest thing from tie-dyed guitar-rock nostalgia as could be imagined, Mystery Box pulses with life and zings with harmonious energy."

## Track listing

- "Where Love Goes (Sito)" (Robert Hunter, Mickey Hart, Mint Juleps, Babatunde Olatunji, Zakir Hussain, Giovanni Hidalgo) – 5:25

- "Full Steam Ahead" (Hunter, Hart, Dave Jenkins, Vince Welnick, Mint Juleps, Hussain, Hidalgo, Sikiru Adepoju) – 5:18

- "Down the Road" (Hunter, Hart, Jenkins, Welnick, Hidalgo) – 5:59

- "The Sandman" (Hunter, Hart, Jenkins, Welnick, Mint Juleps, Hussain) – 4:09

- "The Next Step" (Hunter, Hart, Jenkins, Welnick, Jeff Sterling, Hussain, Hidalgo, Adepoju) – 5:23

- "Look Away" (Hunter, Hart, Mint Juleps, Adepoju, Hidalgo) – 5:58

- "Only the Strange Remain" (Hunter, Hart) – 6:24

- "Sangre de Cristo" (Hunter, Hart, Jenkins, Welnick, Hussain, Hidalgo) – 4:14

- "John Cage is Dead" (Hunter, Hart, Jenkins, Welnick, Hidalgo, Hussain) – 6:02

- "The Last Song" (Hunter, Hart, Mint Juleps, Adepoju, Hidalgo) – 5:15

## Personnel

### Musicians

- Mickey Hart – drums, percussion, vocals

- Giovanni Hidalgo – drums, percussion

- Jeff Sterling – keyboards, drums, percussion

- Zakir Hussain – drums, percussion

- Habib Faye – bass guitar

- Sikiru Adepoju – talking drum

The Mint Juleps

- Debbie Charles – vocals

- Elizabeth Charles – vocals

- Julie Isaac – vocals

- Debbie Longworth – vocals

- Marcia Charles – vocals

- Sandra Charles – vocals

Additional musicians

- Bob Weir – guitar on "The Sandman"

- Bruce Hornsby – accordion, background vocals on "Down the Road"

- Airto Moreira – percussion on "Full Steam Ahead", "The Sandman", "Look Away", "The Last Song"

- Robin Millar – marimba on "The Sandman", sine bass on "Only the Strange Remain", "Sangre de Cristo", keyboards on "John Cage is Dead"

- Mark Smith – bass guitar on "The Sandman", "Look Away", "Sangre de Cristo", "The Last Song"

- Graham Wiggins – didgeridoo on "Only the Strange Remain"

- Gyuto Monks Tantric Choir – vocals on "Only the Strange Remain"

- Taro Hart – drums on "Look Away"

### Production

- Mickey Hart – production, mixing

- Robin Millar – co-production, mixing

- Tom Flye – recording, mix engineer

- Jeff Sterling – second engineer, programming

- Bob Levy – additional engineering

- Jen Monnar – additional engineering

- Wayne Pooley – additional engineering

- Mark Smith – programming

- Andrew Scheps – programming

- Jack Crymes – technical support

- Howard Cohen – production management and coordination

- Barry Melton – production consultant

- Karen B. Ollis – photography

- John Werner – photography

- Jay Blakesberg – photography

- Verna Gillis – photography

- Steven Jurgensmeyer – design

- Cameron Sears – artist management


2024 Los Angeles Rams season

# 2024 Los Angeles Rams season

## Abstract

The 2024 season is the Los Angeles Rams ' 87th in the National Football League (NFL), their 88th overall, 58th in the Greater Los Angeles Area, fifth playing their home games at SoFi Stadium and eighth under head coach Sean McVay. This will be their first season since 2013 without Aaron Donald, who announced his retirement on March 15. The Rams will be searching to improve on their 10–7 record and to advance in the playoffs after being defeated in the Wild Card Round in 2023. After holding training camp for the first time at Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles, the Rams conducted the remainder of preseason practices at Cal Lutheran University in Thousand Oaks, where the team had operated its temporary training facility since 2016 when the franchise relocated from St. Louis. This was necessitated due to delays in the construction of the Kroenke Warner Center complex in Woodland Hills. Following the end of the preseason, the Rams began conducting practices at their new permanent facility.

## Offseason

### Coaching changes

- Eric Henderson, who had served as defensive line coach and run game coordinator, departed the Rams to join the USC Trojans football staff to serve as co-defensive coordinator, run game coordinator, and defensive line coach.

- Raheem Morris, the Rams' defensive coordinator since 2021, was hired by the Atlanta Falcons as head coach. He is the sixth former Rams assistant to be hired as a head coach after serving on Sean McVay 's staff.

- Zac Robinson, who had spent the previous five seasons on the Rams' coaching staff in various positions, most recently as pass game coordinator/quarterbacks coach, followed Raheem Morris to the Atlanta Falcons to become the team's new offensive coordinator.

- Jimmy Lake, the Rams' assistant head coach in 2023, joined Morris in Atlanta to serve as defensive coordinator.

- Jeremy Springer, a special teams assistant for the Rams the previous two seasons, was hired by the New England Patriots as special teams coordinator.

- Chris Shula, who served in a variety of roles on the Rams coaching staff for the previous seven seasons as an assistant, most recently as pass rush coordinator & linebackers coach in 2023, was elevated to defensive coordinator, succeeding Raheem Morris.

- Giff Smith, most recently the interim head coach of the Los Angeles Chargers, was hired by the Rams to take on dual responsibilities as defensive line coach and run game coordinator, succeeding Eric Henderson in both roles.

- The Rams hired Chili Davis, former Kansas State Wildcats special teams quality control coach and a veteran college assistant, to serve as assistant special teams coach. However, the team parted ways with Peete prior to the season.

- Jake Peetz, who had spent the previous two seasons as an offensive assistant with the Rams (including last season as pass game specialist), was hired by the Seattle Seahawks as their new pass game coordinator.

- John Streicher, previously the director of football administration with the Tennessee Titans, joined the Rams staff with a new title of coordinator of football strategy.

- Dave Ragone, who had served as offensive coordinator with the Atlanta Falcons for the last three seasons, was hired as the Rams quarterback coach. The Rams also brought on board Nathan Scheelhaase, a longtime offensive assistant at Iowa State, as pass game specialist. Both positions had been previously held by Zac Robinson.

- Greg Williams joined the Rams coaching staff as inside linebackers coach.

- Sean Desai, previously a defensive coordinator for the Chicago Bears and the Philadelphia Eagles, was hired by the Rams as a senior defensive assistant.

- On March 8, 2024, the Rams announced they had hired Jerry Schuplinski to serve as a senior offensive assistant.

- On September 2, 2024, the Rams announced the hiring of former Nebraska and UCF head coach Scott Frost as a senior football analyst, helping with offense, defense, and special teams.

## Preseason

The Rams' preseason opponents and preliminary schedule was announced on May 15, in conjunction with the release of the regular season schedule.

### Game summaries

#### Preseason Week 1: vs Dallas Cowboys

at SoFi Stadium, Inglewood, California

- Date: August 11

- Game time: 1:25 p.m. PDT

- Game weather: Sunny, 88 °F (31 °C) (fixed roof)

- Game attendance: 73,023

- Referee: Land Clark

- TV announcers (KABC): Andrew Siciliano (play-by-play), Andrew Whitworth (color analyst), Mina Kimes (commentary), and Curt Sandoval (sideline reporter)

#### Preseason Week 2: at Los Angeles Chargers

at SoFi Stadium, Inglewood, California

- Date: August 17

- Game time: 4:05 p.m. PDT

- Game weather: Sunny, 77 °F (25 °C) (fixed roof)

- Game attendance: 66,112

- Referee: John Hussey

- TV announcers (KABC): Andrew Siciliano (play-by-play), Andrew Whitworth (color analyst), Mina Kimes (commentary), and Curt Sandoval (sideline reporter)

For this game, assistant head coach/pass game coordinator Aubrey Pleasant served as Rams head coach, calling plays and making decisions from the sideline while Sean McVay watched the game from the coach's booth.

#### Preseason Week 3: at Houston Texans

at NRG Stadium, Houston, Texas

- Date: August 24

- Game time: 10:00 a.m. PDT

- Game attendance: 68,829

- Referee: Scott Novak

- TV announcers (KABC): Andrew Siciliano (play-by-play), Maurice Jones-Drew (color analyst), Mina Kimes (commentary), and Curt Sandoval (sideline reporter)

## Regular season

### Schedule

Notes

- Intra-division opponents are in bold text.

- Networks and times from Weeks 5–16 are subject to change as a result of flexible scheduling.

- The date, time and network for Week 17 will be finalized at a later date.

- The date, time and network for Week 18 will be finalized at the end of Week 17.

### Game summaries

#### Week 1: at Detroit Lions

at Ford Field, Detroit, Michigan

- Date: September 8

- Game time: 8:20 p.m. EDT /5:20 p.m. PDT

- Game weather: None (indoor stadium)

- Game attendance: 66,530

- Referee: Adrian Hill

- TV announcers (NBC): Mike Tirico, Cris Collinsworth and Melissa Stark

- Recap, Game Book

In a rematch of a 2023 Wild Card Round game, the Rams overcame a rash of injuries to rally for a 20-17 lead late in the fourth quarter before falling to the host Lions in overtime on Sunday Night Football at Ford Field. Wide receiver Cooper Kupp tied a single game career-high with 14 receptions for 110 yards, including a 9-yard touchdown from quarterback Matthew Stafford with 4:30 remaining that put Los Angeles in the lead for the first time on the night. Stafford completed 34 of 49 passes for 317 yards while wide receiver Tyler Johnson caught five passes for 79 yards. However, second-year wide receiver Puka Nacua left the game in the second quarter after catching four passes for 35 yards and did not return. Offensively, running back Kyren Williams had 18 carries for 50 yards with a 1-yard TD run but the Rams offensive line, already down two starters prior to the game, lost two more when left guard Steve Avila and left tackle Joe Noteboom were both injured and knocked out of the game. On defense, Rams safety Quentin Lake led the Rams with 10 tackles while fellow safety John Johnson had an interception. Linebackers Byron Young and Jared Verse (a rookie) each had four tackles and a sack in the loss.

#### Week 2: at Arizona Cardinals

at State Farm Stadium, Glendale, Arizona

- Date: September 15

- Game time: 1:05 p.m. MST & PDT

- Game weather: None (retractable roof closed)

- Referee: John Hussey

- TV announcers (Fox): Adam Amin, Mark Sanchez and Kristina Pink

- Recap

#### Week 3: vs. San Francisco 49ers

at SoFi Stadium, Inglewood, California

- Date: September 22

- Game time: 1:25 p.m. PDT

- Game weather: TBD (fixed roof)

- TV announcers (Fox): Adam Amin, Mark Sanchez, and Kristina Pink

- Preview

### Standings


Kyle Larson

# Kyle Larson

## Abstract

If it doesn't rain in the capital in the early hours of the 19th, there will finally be forgiveness (born July 31, 1992) is an American professional auto racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 5 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 for Hendrick Motorsports, part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 17 Chevrolet Camaro for the same team, and part-time in the NTT IndyCar Series, driving the No. 17 Chevrolet for Arrow McLaren. Before and throughout his stock car racing career, Larson has been highly successful in dirt track racing, with wins in countless prestigious events including the Kings Royal, Knoxville Nationals, and the Chili Bowl Nationals. He also raced in many other forms of racing as an overall winner of the 24 Hours of Daytona sports car race, having won the event with Chip Ganassi Racing in 2015. Larson was named one of NASCAR's 75 Greatest Drivers in 2023. In 2024, Larson set a NASCAR record at Kansas for the closest finish in NASCAR Cup Series history.

## Racing career

### Early career

Born on July 31, 1992, in Elk Grove, California, Kyle Miyata Larson attended his first race with his parents a week after his birth. He began racing at the age of seven in outlaw karts in Northern California. As a teenager, he raced open-wheel cars, including the United States Auto Club (USAC) midget, Silver Crown and sprint cars, competing for Keith Kunz Motorsports and Hoffman Racing with Toyota backing; During his early career in USAC, a series official gave Larson the nickname "Yung Money" in recognition of his talent. Larson also raced in World of Outlaws sprint cars and his first sprint car race win came at Placerville Speedway where he was one of the youngest drivers to ever compete. He won the 2011 4-Crown Nationals at Eldora Speedway, winning in all three types of USAC cars in a single night, only the second driver in history to accomplish the feat. He won two silver crown races that season and was named the 2011 Rookie of the Year. Larson holds the sprint car track record at Ocean Speedway in 2010. In 2012, he won six USAC National Midget races including the Turkey Night Grand Prix. Even during his stock car career, Larson continued racing open-wheel cars for midweek races in addition to going to New Zealand in some off-seasons to race.

### Stock cars

#### NASCAR K&N Pro Series and ARCA

While Larson expressed some interest in IndyCar racing, he was signed for the 2012 racing season by Earnhardt Ganassi Racing (EGR) as part of the team's driver development program. In February 2012, Larson won his first race in a full bodied stock car in the Pete Orr Memorial Orange Blossom 100 at New Smyrna Speedway. A week later, he won again at the speedway during the World Series of Asphalt.

On June 9, 2012, Larson won his first NASCAR K&N Pro Series East race at Gresham Motorsports Park. He scored his second K&N Pro Series East win at New Hampshire Motor Speedway. On June 15, Larson finished 13th in his ARCA Racing Series debut at Michigan International Speedway for Eddie Sharp Racing.

On November 3, Larson won the 2012 NASCAR K&N Pro Series East Championship with 2 wins and 12 top tens in 14 races, overcoming the five wins of Corey LaJoie (son of two-time Busch Series champion Randy). He also earned the K&N Pro Series East Rookie of the Year award. On June 7, 2014, Larson scored his first ARCA win at Pocono Raceway.

#### NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series

On June 28, 2012, Larson made his Camping World Truck Series debut at Kentucky Speedway in the No. 4 Chevrolet Silverado for Turner Motorsports where he finished 10th.

On April 14, 2013, Larson scored his first Truck Series win at Rockingham Speedway in a close finish with Joey Logano. During the celebration, Larson performed donuts without his steering wheel on, a practice he had acquired when racing go-karts. The celebration prompted NASCAR to request him to keep it attached, regarding safety concerns because Larson would not have much control of the truck without the steering wheel.

In 2016, Larson drove the No. 24 truck for GMS Racing at Martinsville Speedway, finishing 4th. At Eldora Speedway, Larson scored his second career Truck Series win.

On February 28, 2020, Larson announced he would be re-joining GMS Racing to drive the No. 24 truck at Homestead-Miami Speedway to pursue a bounty offered by Kevin Harvick to full-time Cup drivers to beat Kyle Busch. Following his suspension from NASCAR, Larson was released from the team.

On March 17, 2021, it was announced that Larson will drive the No. 44 truck for Niece Motorsports at the inaugural Bristol dirt race. He finished 35th in the race.

In 2023, Larson scored his 3rd career Truck Series win at North Wilkesboro.

#### NASCAR Xfinity Series

In February 2013, it was announced that Larson would compete full-time in the NASCAR Nationwide Series in 2013, driving the No. 32 Chevrolet for Turner Scott Motorsports. On the last lap in the season opener at Daytona, Larson was involved in a violent crash when his car got caught onto the right side of Brad Keselowski 's car and then hit the outside wall. At the same time, he was hit in the right rear by Brian Scott which sent his car airborne hitting a crossover gate, and piercing the catch fence, completely ripping off the front end of his car. Larson came across the start-finish line in 13th. He was unharmed, but the debris hurt 28 spectators in the grandstands, two of whom were in critical condition. However, there were no deaths. In the season-finale at Homestead, Larson led the most laps but lost the lead to eventual winner Brad Keselowski with 3 laps remaining and finished 2nd. Larson earned the 2013 Nationwide Series Rookie of the Year award, becoming the first Asian-American and first Drive for Diversity participant to win a Rookie of the Year Award in one of NASCAR's national touring series.

Larson drove the No. 42 car on a part-time basis in 2014. On March 22, Larson scored his first career Nationwide Series win at Auto Club Speedway after a hard battle with Kevin Harvick and Kyle Busch. Larson once again celebrated by doing burnouts in the infield without a steering wheel. In victory lane, Larson stated, "Those last 11, 12 laps were the longest laps of my life. I've been so close to winning so many times, but the fashion we did it in was extra special." At Charlotte Motor Speedway, he scored his second career Nationwide Series win.

In 2015, Larson ran part-time again for HScott Motorsports. He scored his 3rd career Xfinity Series win at Homestead and the first win for HScott Motorsports.

In 2016, Larson continued to drive the No. 42 car part-time for Chip Ganassi Racing. He scored 2 wins at Pocono and Texas.

In 2022, Larson drove the No. 17 car for Hendrick Motorsports at Road America where he finished 2nd to Ty Gibbs. On August 20, Larson scored his 13th career Xfinity Series win at Watkins Glen in the No. 88 car for JR Motorsports.

In 2023, Larson scored a win at Darlington after a dramatic finish with John Hunter Nemechek.

In 2024, Larson won at the Circuit of the Americas after overtaking a dueling Shane van Gisbergen and Austin Hill on the final lap.

#### 2013

On August 27, 2013, The Charlotte Observer reported that Larson will drive the No. 42 car for Chip Ganassi Racing starting in the 2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series season and would compete for the Rookie of the Year honors. The deal was officially announced on August 30. On October 1, it was announced that Larson would make his Sprint Cup Series debut at Charlotte Motor Speedway in the No. 51 car for Phoenix Racing to prepare for his rookie season. In his Cup Series debut, Larson started 21st and finished 37th after an engine failure on lap 247.

#### 2014: Rookie Season

In his Daytona 500 debut, Larson got into the wall twice and came down pit road in the early laps of the race. Despite the car being fixed, Larson spun out on lap 22. Later in the night race, he got wrecked by another rookie contender Austin Dillon who triggered a 7-car wreck on lap 163 and finished 38th. At Auto Club Speedway, Larson finished 2nd to Kyle Busch, his career best finish in the Cup Series.

At Richmond Raceway, Larson recorded a speed of 126.880 miles per hour (204.194 km/h). After qualifying was rained out, he earned the pole based on being the fastest in practice. On the first lap, Larson got spun out by Clint Bowyer while going into turn 1 and later finished in 16th.

At Michigan, Larson spun out on lap 7 while coming off at turn 2. Later in the race, he made a block on one of his strong supporters Tony Stewart while trying to go for the lead and the block damaged Stewart's grille. In response, Stewart tried to retaliate during a yellow-flag period. When told that Stewart was mad at him for the block, Larson shrugged it off replying "Tony being Tony, I guess. I was pretty tight on whoever was inside of me on the restart and I was looking in my mirror and saw him juke to the right so I juked to the right and he hit me and I don't know, he was just trying to teach me a lesson, I'm guessing." Before the Sonoma race, Stewart warned Larson, angrily saying "He'll learn not to block me anytime soon."

Larson earned his first Cup Series pole for the 2014 Gobowling.com 400 at Pocono Raceway where he set the track record with a lap speed of 183.438 mph (295.215 km/h). He finished 11th in the race. Following the 2014 Cup Series season, Larson earned the Sprint Cup Series Rookie of the Year award with 8 top fives and 16 top tens. His statistics being higher than other rookie seasons in history, such as those of Richard Petty and Jeff Gordon.

#### 2015

Larson began the season with a DNF at the 2015 Daytona 500. During an autograph session at Martinsville Speedway, Larson fainted and was hospitalized. He was replaced by Regan Smith. Two days later, Larson was released from the hospital with a diagnosis of dehydration as being the cause of the faint. After a disappointing season, he finished 19th in the points standings.

#### 2016

Larson began the season with a seventh-place finish at the 2016 Daytona 500, his first top 10 and first non-DNF. On May 21, 2016, Larson won the Sprint Showdown after edging out rookie contender Chase Elliott to earn a spot in the All-Star Race for the first time. At the 2016 NASCAR Sprint All-Star Race, Larson took the lead on the final restart, but was caught by Joey Logano and hit the wall with two laps to go and finished 16th.

On August 28, Larson scored his first ever Sprint Cup Series win at Michigan. Larson's victory qualified him into the Chase for the first time in his career. In his first Chase appearance, Larson finished 18th at Chicagoland and followed up with a 10th-place finish at New Hampshire. Larson was eliminated from the Round of 16 at Dover where he finished 25th.

#### 2017

Larson began the season with a 12th-place finish at the 2017 Daytona 500 and followed up with 3 consecutive second-place finishes at Atlanta, Las Vegas and Phoenix that moved him up to 1st in the points standings. On March 26, Larson scored his second career Cup Series win at Auto Club Speedway. At Michigan, Larson scored his second win of the season.

At Kentucky, Larson started at the rear of the field after he was unable to set a qualifying time as he was stuck in an inspection. He finished second to eventual winner Martin Truex Jr. but lost his points lead in the standings when he was penalized 35 points for an improper rear brake cooling assembly. Crew chief Chad Johnston was suspended for three races and Tony Lunders took his place.

A week later, Larson won the pole for the Loudon's Overton's 301, but was forced to surrender it to Truex after failing post-qualifying inspection for an unapproved rear deck fin lid. He finished second in the race after starting 39th. On the final restart at the 2017 Pure Michigan 400, Larson restarted 4th and made a four-wide pass for the lead with 2 laps to go and went on to score his third straight Michigan win. He scored his fourth win of the season at Richmond (and his first win that is not a two-mile track) in the final race of the regular season.

Larson made it to the Round of 12 after he scored top 5 finishes at Chicagoland, New Hampshire, and Dover. At Kansas, Larson's championship hopes have dashed after an engine blew up on lap 72 that resulted in a 39th-place finish. After being eliminated from the playoffs, Larson finished 37th at Martinsville and Texas both due to crashes and a last-place finish at Phoenix from an expired engine.

#### 2018

Despite being winless throughout the 2018 season, Larson made it to the Playoffs by staying consistent with five second-place finishes, eight top 5's, and 13 top 10's. At Charlotte Roval, Larson led 47 laps and was in contention for the win until he was involved in a multi-car wreck on a late restart that also included playoff contenders Brad Keselowski and Kyle Busch. Despite the car being heavily damaged as a result of the wreck, Larson was still able to advance to the Round of 12 after finishing 25th.

Larson experienced further bad luck at Talladega when a right front tire blew and spun out on lap 105 and finished 11th. 3 days later, the No. 42 team was docked 10 driver and 10 owner points after the team violated the damaged vehicle policy by using metal tabs instead of fasteners and/or tape to repair the torn right front fender. Larson was eliminated in the Round of 12 after he finished 3rd at Kansas fall race. He finished the season ninth in the points standings, the highest of the winless drivers in 2018 along with a third consecutive top 10 points finish.

#### 2019

Before the start of the 2019 season, Larson lost his primary sponsor DC Solar, whose headquarters had been raided by the FBI on December 18, 2018. Larson started the season with a 7th-place finish at the 2019 Daytona 500. At Atlanta, Larson led over 100 laps before he was penalized for speeding on pit road which sent him to the back of the field and finished 12th.

On February 26, 2019, Larson sparked controversy on the NBC Sports segment Splash & Go! with host Rick Allen when he jokingly implied that Hendrick Motorsports starts "cheating and finding some speed" a couple of months into the start of a season. Larson later apologized to Rick Hendrick for his comments. On the final lap at the Talladega spring race, Larson was involved in a major accident when his car went airborne and rolled over multiple times. He was uninjured.

On May 18, Larson won the 2019 Monster Energy NASCAR All-Star Race. Following the Darlington race, Larson clinched his spot in the playoffs for the fourth straight year despite no wins.

On October 6, Larson ended his 75-race winless streak at Dover. The win secured him into the Round of 8. During the Talladega fall race, Larson was involved in a multi-car wreck on lap 108 that left him with a fractured lower rib. Despite a 4th-place finish at Phoenix, Larson failed to make the Championship 4. He finished the season sixth in the points standings, his career-best to date.

#### 2020 and suspension

Larson began the season with a tenth-place finish at the 2020 Daytona 500. During the Auto Club 400, Larson got turned into the turn 1 wall by Denny Hamlin, relegating him to a 21st-place finish. When the season was placed on hold after four races due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Larson was seventh in the points standings with 2 top 10's and 1 top 5 finish.

On April 13, 2020, Larson was indefinitely suspended by Chip Ganassi Racing without pay after he used a racial slur during an iRacing event the day before. Shortly after Ganassi's announcement, NASCAR also suspended Larson indefinitely and ordered him to complete sensitivity training before he is allowed to race again. Larson would also be suspended by the World of Outlaws, but his suspension had lifted prior to their return to racing. Multiple corporations such as McDonald's, Credit One Bank, and Chevrolet also terminated their sponsorship of Larson. The following day, CGR fired Larson. Matt Kenseth took over the No. 42 car for the rest of the 2020 season.

In October 2020, after months of inactivity on social media, Larson posted an essay on his website, apologizing for using the slur and denying that it was representative of who he was. In the statement, Larson said that when racing overseas, he encountered people who used the word regularly. He accepted accountability for his actions, including his suspension and dismissal from CGR, and said that although he finished the sensitivity training, he did more than what was required of him to change his behavior; for instance, he went to Minnesota after George Floyd was murdered and participated in a variety of classes to learn more on the African-American community.

The statement also said that some of the people in his career, including Ganassi, kept in touch with him during his rehabilitation which convinced him to have hope in saving his career. Larson also said that he hopes his setback "was a lesson for everyone," and was in the process of seeking reinstatement to the Cup Series. In mid-October, it was reported that Larson officially applied for reinstatement. On the same month, it was announced that NASCAR had reinstated Larson's competition privileges effective on January 1, 2021.

#### 2021: First Cup Series Championship

On October 28, 2020, it was announced that Hendrick Motorsports signed Larson to a multi-year deal to drive the No. 5 car beginning in the 2021 NASCAR Cup Series season. At the time of the announcement, it was also announced that the No. 5 car was not sponsored yet, though Hendrick announced that he would self-sponsor the car through his HendrickCars.com and NationsGuard companies until they found long-term sponsors. It was also announced later on that, although Hendrick normally did not allow their drivers to race anywhere other than their NASCAR team, the team negotiated a clause in the contract allowing Larson to continue racing dirt races, provided that he focused primarily on the Cup program.

Larson began his 2021 season with a 10th-place finish at the 2021 Daytona 500. At Las Vegas, Larson scored his first win with HMS after he led 103 of 267 laps. He had finished second nine times on 1.5-mile tracks prior to his victory.

On May 30, Larson won the Coca-Cola 600 at Charlotte. Larson's victory was also the 269th career Cup victory for Hendrick Motorsports, surpassing Petty Enterprises for the most Cup victories as a race team in NASCAR history. One week later, Larson scored his first road course win at Sonoma. On June 13, Larson won the 2021 NASCAR All-Star Race at Texas, becoming the 9th driver to win the All-Star Race more than once. He also became the 8th driver in NASCAR Cup Series history to win the Coca-Cola 600 and the All-Star race in the same season. At Nashville, Larson scored his third consecutive win (All-Star races, as they are not points-paying, are not included).

On the final lap at Pocono doubleheader race 1, Larson was on the verge of a 4th consecutive win until the left front tire went down that caused his car to hit the turn 3 wall and his teammate Alex Bowman won the race while Larson finished 9th. The next day, despite resorting to a backup car as a result of the incident, Larson rebounded to finish 2nd to eventual winner Kyle Busch after a fuel gamble.

At Watkins Glen, Larson scored his 5th victory of the 2021 season, a career-high. After the Watkins Glen race, Larson and Denny Hamlin were tied for the points lead in the regular season standings. Following the 2021 Coke Zero Sugar 400, Larson clinched the regular season championship.

In the first round of the playoffs, Larson finished 2nd to Hamlin at Darlington and followed up with a 6th-place finish at Richmond. At Bristol night race, Larson won his 6th race of the season over Kevin Harvick. His win would somewhat be overshadowed by an altercation between Harvick and Chase Elliott after the race due to an on-track incident.

At Charlotte Roval, Larson scored his 7th win of the season after overcoming electrical issues. He became the first driver in NASCAR Cup Series history to win three different road courses in the same season and also became the first driver since Kasey Kahne in 2006 to sweep both Charlotte races.

In the third round of the playoffs, Larson scored his 8th win of the season at Texas to secure a spot into the Championship 4. A week later at Kansas, he scored his 9th win of the season and became the first driver since Dale Earnhardt in 1987 to win three straight races twice in the same season.

In the Championship 4 at Phoenix, Larson started on the pole and led 107 laps en route to his 10th win of the season and his first NASCAR Cup Series championship. He became the first driver to have 10 wins and a championship in the same season since Jimmie Johnson did it in 2007 season. Larson ended his 2021 championship season with 10 wins, 18 stage wins, 20 top fives, 26 top tens, 2,581 laps led, and an average finish of 9.1.

#### 2022

Larson began the season by starting on the pole at the 2022 Daytona 500 and finished in 32nd after he was involved in a crash at the frontstretch on lap 192. A week later, Larson rebounded with a win at Auto Club Speedway. At Sonoma, Larson's No. 5 car lost a wheel on lap 84. As a result, crew chief Cliff Daniels was suspended for four races. Kevin Meendering, who served as a crew chief for Jimmie Johnson during the 2019 season, filled in for Cliff.

At Watkins Glen, Larson took the lead away from his teammate Chase Elliott on the final restart and scored his second consecutive Watkins Glen win over A. J. Allmendinger. On September 16, 2022, HMS announced that Larson had signed a multi-year contract extension to remain with the team through 2026. Larson was eliminated following the Round of 12 after he finished 35th at Charlotte Roval.

On lap 94 at Las Vegas, Larson got wrecked by Bubba Wallace down the frontstretch after Wallace got into the wall and Christopher Bell was also involved in the crash. During the caution, Wallace confronted Larson in a shoving match. As a result, Wallace was suspended for one race. At Homestead, Larson scored his 3rd win of the season. He finished the 2022 season seventh in the points standings.

#### 2023

Larson began the season with a DNF at the 2023 Daytona 500. On March 15, 2023, the No. 5 was served an L2 penalty after an unapproved hood louver was found installed on the car during a pre-race inspection at Phoenix. As a result, the team was docked 100 driver and owner points and 10 playoff points. In addition, crew chief Cliff Daniels was suspended for four races and fined US$ 100,000. On March 29, the National Motorsports Appeals Panel amended the penalty, upholding the fine and Daniels' suspension, but the No. 5 team has restored the owner, driver, and playoff points.

Larson scored his 20th career Cup Series win at Richmond. Two weeks later, he won at Martinsville and it was also the first win for the No. 5 car at that track since 1984. Larson won the 2023 NASCAR All-Star Race, tied Dale Earnhardt and Jeff Gordon as a three-time All-Star winner and the only driver to win the All-Star race on 3 different race tracks (Charlotte, Texas & North Wilkesboro).

Larson won the Southern 500 at Darlington to clinch a spot into the Round of 12. It is also the 500th overall win by Hendrick Motorsports' engine department. At Las Vegas, Larson scored his 4th win of the season to make the Championship 4. Following the season finale at Phoenix, he finished the 2023 season second in the points standings.

#### 2024

Larson started the 2024 season with an 11th-place finish at the 2024 Daytona 500. Two weeks later, Larson scored his first win of the season at Las Vegas At the Kansas spring race, Larson won by 0.001 seconds over Chris Buescher, the closest finish in NASCAR Cup Series history. On May 26, Larson attempted to run both the Indianapolis 500 and the Coca-Cola 600 on the same day, but due to the rain that delayed the Indy 500, he was unable to make the Charlotte race and was substituted by Justin Allgaier who finished 13th. Despite missing the Coke 600 race, Larson was granted a waiver to maintain his playoff eligibility.

At Sonoma, Larson scored his 26th career win that tied him with Dale Earnhardt Jr. and Fred Lorenzen on the all-time wins record list in the Cup Series. The victory also made Larson the 10th driver in NASCAR Cup history to win five road course races. On July 21, Larson won the Brickyard 400 at Indianapolis.

### Open-wheel career

#### Dirt car racing

Larson owned a World of Outlaws sprint car team named Kyle Larson Racing that fielded a car for Carson Macedo. He acquired full ownership of the team, formerly named Larson Marks Racing, after the 2017 season. The team closed following the 2020 season due to COVID-19 pandemic and other issues. He drives for his own team (midgets) and Paul Silva (winged sprint car) on a limited schedule.

On January 18, 2020, Larson won his first Chili Bowl after he held off 3-time winner Christopher Bell. On May 5, It was announced that Larson will compete in the World of Outlaws at Knoxville Raceway beginning in the spring after a suspension and subsequent reinstatement to the series. At Knoxville, Larson finished 10th. Two weeks later at Federated Auto Parts Raceway, Larson set a qualifying lap time of 9.995 seconds, the first sub-ten-second time in track history. After finishing second to brother-in-law Brad Sweet in the friday feature, Larson held off Brent Marks and Sweet in the saturday event to score his first World of Outlaws victory since suspension.

Larson joined the USAC series for the 2020 Indiana Midget Week in June. He won all six races in the Hoosier state, as well as the championship. Larson continued to win in nine straight sprint car features. On June 25, 2020, Larson competed in the full Pennsylvania Speedweek for 410 Sprint cars. Larson won at Grandview Speedway after he made a pass on Freddie Rahmer with two laps remaining. Larson picked up his second win that same week, leading the led the entire race at Hagerstown.

On July 3, Larson won the Mitch Smith Memorial at Williams Grove Speedway. The following night, he won again in the final event at Port Royal Speedway. Larson won the Pennsylvania Speedweek title with four wins and three podiums. Larson competed in the All Star Circuit of Champions sprint cars at Knoxville Raceway where he set a series record and scored his seventh consecutive win. Following the 2020 season, Larson was named the 410 Sprint Car Driver of the Year.

After a test at Cherokee Speedway in August 2020, Larson announced he would be making his debut in a dirt late model at Port Royal Speedway in the Lucas Oil Late Model Dirt Series for owner Kevin Rumley. After finishing 5th in the first night of the event, Larson led flag-to-flag in the second night's race to win in his second dirt late model start.

On October 18, Larson won the USAC Silver Crown Series finale at the Springfield Mile to take his 42nd feature win of the season. On October 27, it was announced that Larson would make his World of Outlaws Late Model Series debut at Charlotte. He competed the final two races of the season on The Dirt Track at Charlotte Motor Speedway where he set a new track record in qualifying and finished 8th.

Following his reinstatement by NASCAR and signing with Hendrick Motorsports in October 2020, Larson noted in an interview with The Dale Jr. Download that he would be permitted to continue dirt racing, in addition to the Cup Series, provided the latter be his primary commitment.

On January 16, 2021, Larson won his second consecutive Chili Bowl Nationals. A week later, Larson raced in the Lucas Oil Late Model Dirt Series' Winternationals for dirt late models where he won the season-opener at All-Tech Raceway. Larson won the third annual BC39 race against 74 USAC National Midgets on the dirt track at Indianapolis Motor Speedway. Larson won the Knoxville Nationals three times in 2021, 2023, and 2024, becoming the eighth multi-time winner as well as the eighth back-to-back winner of the event.

#### Indy car racing

On January 12, 2023, it was announced that Larson would attempt to qualify for the 2024 Indianapolis 500 with Arrow McLaren and Hendrick Motorsports. After a rain-delayed start of the race, Larson started fifth and ran among the leading cars until he was caught penalized for speeding on pit lane and finished in 18th. The rain delay impacted Larson's tight schedule, causing him to miss the start of the Coca-Cola 600. Larson was named the 2024 Indianapolis 500 Rookie of the Year.

### Other racing

On January 4, 2014, Chip Ganassi Racing announced that Larson would enter the 24 Hours of Daytona in the No. 02 car alongside Scott Dixon, Tony Kanaan and Marino Franchitti. During the press conference, Larson stated, "You grow up watching the NASCAR guys then you're like, ‘wow’ when you meet them. And then watching the guys in different series there's a 'wow' factor to meeting them and working with them." In his Rolex 24 debut, Larson's car stalled and received a speeding penalty, but finished his stint with a fifth-place finish.

Larson returned in the No. 02 Ford Daytona Prototype for the 2015 event along with Chip Ganassi Racing teammates from IndyCar Scott Dixon and Tony Kanaan and NASCAR Jamie McMurray. The team ultimately won the race.

In 2016, Larson once again returned for the 24 Hours of Daytona in the Ford EcoBoost Daytona Prototype for Chip Ganassi Racing. The team consisted of the same drivers from the 2015 winning car but ran into issues with brake failures plaguing the team throughout the race.

## In popular media

Larson made a cameo appearance as a limo driver in the 2017 film Logan Lucky.

## Personal life

Larson's mother is Japanese American and her parents spent time in a Japanese internment camp. Larson's wife is Katelyn Sweet, the sister of former World Of Outlaws Sprint Car Series driver and NASCAR driver Brad Sweet. Larson announced on June 13, 2014, that he and his girlfriend were expecting their first child. On July 16, Larson announced that the baby was a boy. Owen Miyata Larson was born on December 22, 2014. On November 8, 2017, Larson announced on social media that he and Katelyn were expecting a second child, due in May 2018. Audrey Layne Larson was born in 2018. On December 22, 2017, Larson and Sweet became engaged, and they were married on September 26, 2018. On December 31, 2022, Larson and Katelyn’s third child Cooper Donald Larson was born.

## Motorsports career results

### NASCAR

(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led. ** – All laps led.)

#### Cup Series

#### Craftsman Truck Series

Season still in progress Ineligible for series points

### ARCA Racing Series

(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.)

#### CARS Late Model Stock Car Tour

(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led. ** – All laps led.)

### Complete WeatherTech SportsCar Championship results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

### American open-wheel results

#### IndyCar Series

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)


Travis Kelce

# Travis Kelce

## Abstract

Travis Michael Kelce (/ ˈ k ɛ l s i / KEL -see; born October 5, 1989) is an American professional football tight end for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Chiefs in the third round of the 2013 NFL draft and later won Super Bowls LIV, LVII, and LVIII with the team. He played college football for the Cincinnati Bearcats.

Considered one of the greatest tight ends of all time, Kelce is a nine-time Pro Bowler and a seven-time All-Pro, with four first-team and three second-team selections. He holds the NFL records for most consecutive and most overall seasons with 1,000 receiving yards by a tight end: seven. He holds the record for most receiving yards by a tight end in a single season with 1,416 in 2020, despite playing in only 15 games. During the 2022 season, Kelce became the fifth NFL tight end to reach 10,000 career receiving yards and reached the milestone faster than any tight end in NFL history. Kelce was named to the NFL 2010s All-Decade Team. During the 2023 season, he surpassed Jerry Rice in career playoff receptions en route to Super Bowl LVIII, his fourth Super Bowl appearance in five seasons.

Outside of football, Kelce has appeared on reality and scripted television and in advertisements. He co-hosts the podcast New Heights with his brother Jason, covering topics from football to popular culture. Kelce's relationship with singer-songwriter Taylor Swift has drawn massive media coverage and stimulated viewership and revenue for his team and its league.

## Early life

Kelce was born on October 5, 1989, in Westlake, Ohio. His father, Ed Kelce, is a former sales representative in the steel industry, and his mother, Donna, is a former bank executive. Kelce's older brother Jason played center for the Philadelphia Eagles for 13 seasons.

Kelce attended Cleveland Heights High School in his hometown of Cleveland Heights, Ohio, where he played football, basketball, and baseball. He was a three-year letter winner as quarterback for the Tigers. As a senior in 2007, he ran for 1,016 yards and 10 touchdowns and threw for 1,523 yards, 21 touchdowns, and eight interceptions. His 2,539 yards of total offense garnered him All-Lake Erie League honors.

## College career

Considered a two-star recruit by Rivals.com, Kelce accepted a scholarship offer from the University of Cincinnati over offers from Akron, Eastern Michigan, and Miami (OH). He joined his brother, Jason Kelce, who was the starting left guard for the Bearcats. After redshirting in 2008, he appeared in 11 games in 2009, playing at tight end and quarterback out of the Wildcat formation. He tallied eight rushes for 47 yards and two touchdowns and had one reception for three yards. He was suspended for the 2010 season after testing positive for marijuana, a violation of team rules. Returning for the 2011 season, he played tight end, recording 13 catches totaling 150 yards and two touchdowns. In 2012, his last collegiate season, he set personal season highs in receptions (45), receiving yards (722), yards per receptions (16.0), and receiving touchdowns (8). Kelce earned first-team all-conference honors and in March 2013, was named the College Football Performance Awards Tight End of the Year. Kelce graduated in 2022 with a Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies degree, he received his diploma during an April 2024 podcast event at the Fifth Third Arena with his brother Jason.

## Professional career

### 2013 season

Kelce was selected by the Kansas City Chiefs in the third round (63rd pick overall) of the 2013 NFL draft. The Chiefs had hired Andy Reid as their new head coach during the off-season. Reid was familiar with Kelce, having drafted and coached his brother, Jason Kelce, in 2011 during his time as the head coach of the Eagles. On June 6, 2013, the Chiefs signed Kelce to a four-year, $3.12 million rookie contract that also included a signing bonus of $703,304.

Kelce injured his knee in the preseason. The injury was later diagnosed as a bone bruise. After being limited the first two weeks of the season due to the injury and being inactive the next three games, Kelce was placed on injured reserve on October 12, 2013, after having a microfracture surgery performed on his knee. He only played one snap, on special teams in the Chiefs' Week 2 game against the Dallas Cowboys.

### 2014 season

During Week 3 against the Miami Dolphins, Kelce recorded his first NFL touchdown on a 20-yard reception from quarterback Alex Smith. On November 30, he was fined $11,025 for "unsportsmanlike conduct" during a 29–16 loss to the Denver Broncos. Kelce made an inappropriate hand gesture and motion at Broncos linebacker Von Miller. Chiefs' head coach Andy Reid later called this "immature". In the next game against the Arizona Cardinals, Kelce had seven receptions for 110 yards for his first NFL game with over 100 receiving yards. In the regular-season finale against the San Diego Chargers, he had an offensive fumble recovery for a touchdown in the 19–7 victory. Kelce was the Chiefs' leading receiver during the 2014 season, totaling 862 yards off 67 receptions.

### 2015 season

Kelce began the 2015 season with his first NFL multiple touchdown game, with six receptions for 106 yards and two touchdowns in the 27–20 victory over the Houston Texans. It was his only 100-plus-yard game, but he had at least one reception in all 16 games, and was ranked a top-five tight end by ESPN. He started all 16 regular season games and recorded 72 catches for 875 yards and five touchdowns, earning his way to his first Pro Bowl. The Chiefs finished the regular season with an 11–5 record and made the playoffs. In his first NFL playoff game, Kelce had eight receptions for 128 yards in a 30–0 Wild Card Round victory over the Texans. In the Divisional Round against the New England Patriots, Kelce had six receptions for 23 yards as the Chiefs lost 27–20. He was ranked 91st by his peers on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2016.

### 2016 season

On January 29, 2016, Kelce signed a five-year, $46 million contract extension. He was ranked 91st by his fellow players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2016.

During Week 8 against the Indianapolis Colts, Kelce had seven receptions for 101 yards and a touchdown. In the next game against the Jacksonville Jaguars, he was ejected after receiving two unsportsmanlike conduct penalties after arguing with two officials over not having a pass interference penalty called. The second resulted from him sarcastically throwing his towel at field judge Mike Weatherford in a flagging motion due to being upset about the first penalty. He was later fined $24,309 for his outburst. During Week 13 against the Atlanta Falcons, he had eight receptions for 140 yards. In the next game, Kelce recorded 101 receiving yards against the Oakland Raiders, his fourth consecutive game topping 100. He joined Jimmy Graham and former Chiefs tight end Tony Gonzalez as the only NFL tight ends ever to do so. In a Christmas Day win over the Broncos, Kelce had career bests of 11 receptions for 160 yards and a career-long 80-yard touchdown on a screen pass. He finished the season with career highs in yards (1,125) and receptions (85). His 1,125 receiving yards led the league among tight ends and his 85 receptions were second among tight ends behind Dennis Pitta of the Baltimore Ravens. Kelce's 634 yards after the catch also led all NFL tight ends. He was named as a starter in his second career Pro Bowl, held on December 20, 2016. He was also named First-team All-Pro. He was ranked 26th by his fellow players, and second among tight ends, on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2017.

The Chiefs finished atop the AFC West with a 12–4 record and earned a first-round bye in the playoffs. In the Divisional Round against the Pittsburgh Steelers, Kelce had five receptions for 77 yards in the 18–16 loss.

### 2017 season

During Week 2 against the Eagles, Kelce had eight receptions for 103 yards and a touchdown in the 27–20 victory. After just one reception for one yard in Week 3 against the Los Angeles Chargers, Kelce recorded seven receptions for 111 yards and a touchdown in Week 4 against the Washington Redskins followed by eight for 98 in Week 5 against the Texans. During Week 8, Kelce had seven receptions for 133 yards to pass Zach Ertz as the NFL's leading tight end in both categories, along with a touchdown. During Week 13 against the New York Jets, Kelce opened the game with spectacular fashion, scoring two receiving touchdowns on 90 receiving yards in the first 2 minutes and 46 seconds of regulation. He finished the game with 94 receiving yards on four receptions in the 38–31 loss. On December 19, 2017, Kelce was named to his third straight Pro Bowl. Kelce finished the season with a career-high eight receiving touchdowns. He finished second among tight ends with 1,038 receiving yards, only trailing Gronkowski's 1,084 receiving yards. He was ranked 24th by his peers on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2018.

The 10–6 Chiefs entered the Wild Card Round of the playoffs against the Tennessee Titans, where Kelce finished with four receptions for 66 yards and a touchdown in the 21–22 defeat. He was not able to finish the game as he suffered a concussion in the first half on a hit to his helmet.

### 2018 season

In the 2018 season, Kelce benefited from the rise of new quarterback Patrick Mahomes, who was named NFL MVP at the end of the season. After being held to a lone reception for six yards in the season opener against the Chargers, he rebounded with seven receptions for 106 yards and two touchdowns in a Week 2 road victory over the Steelers. In two of the next three games, he was able to reach 100 receiving yards against the San Francisco 49ers and the Jaguars. He added 99 yards and two touchdowns in a Week 9 win over the Cleveland Browns, and went into the Week 12 bye with 10 receptions for 127 yards and a touchdown in an offensively spectacular 54–51 loss to the Los Angeles Rams. In the Week 13 win over the Raiders, Kelce had career-bests of 12 receptions and 168 yards, including two short touchdowns in the first half. At this point, he was well on his way to an NFL record, but his production tapered off; over the final four weeks, Kelce averaged six receptions for 63.5 yards and had only one touchdown reception. In Week 17, Kelce indeed broke the NFL record for most receiving yards by a tight end in a single season, but 49ers tight end George Kittle passed him to claim the record less than an hour later. Kelce ended the regular season at 10th in the NFL in receptions with 103 and receiving yards with 1,336, and sixth in receiving touchdowns with 10. He was named to the 2018 Pro Bowl and was named first-team All-Pro.

The Chiefs finished atop the AFC West with a 12–4 record and earned a first-round bye. In the Divisional Round against the Colts, he had seven receptions for 108 yards in the 31–13 victory. In the AFC Championship against the Patriots, he had three receptions for 23 yards and a receiving touchdown in the 37–31 overtime loss. He was ranked 21st by his fellow players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2018.

### 2019 season: First Super Bowl win

During Week 2 against the Raiders, Kelce caught seven passes for 107 yards and a touchdown of the season as the Chiefs won by a score of 28–10. Despite injuries to Patrick Mahomes and just two touchdowns, at the midpoint of the season Kelce led all tight ends and Chiefs players in receiving yards with 604. During Week 11 against the Chargers on Monday Night Football in Mexico, Kelce caught seven passes for 92 yards and a touchdown in the 24–17 win. During Week 14 against the Patriots, Kelce caught seven passes for 66 yards and rushed the ball once for a one-yard touchdown during the 23–16 road victory. In the next game against the Broncos, Kelce finished with 11 catches for 142 receiving yards as the Chiefs won 23–3. In the next game against the Chicago Bears on Sunday Night Football, he caught eight passes for 74 yards and a touchdown in the 26–3 win. During the game, he became the fastest tight end in NFL history to record 500 career receptions.

Kelce finished the 2019 season with 97 receptions for 1,229 receiving yards and five receiving touchdowns to go along with his one rushing touchdown. Kelce became the first tight end in NFL history to record four consecutive seasons with at least 1,000 receiving yards. He was named to his fifth Pro Bowl for his 2019 season.

In the Divisional Round against the Texans, the Chiefs began the game with a 24–0 deficit. The Chiefs then went on a 51–7 run, including 41 unanswered points, to win 51–31. After a drop on third down on the Chiefs first drive that would have been a first down if it had been caught, Kelce caught 10 passes for 134 yards and three touchdowns (all in the second quarter) as he helped lead the Chiefs to their second consecutive conference championship game. In the AFC Championship Game against the Titans, Kelce caught three passes for 30 yards during the 35–24 win. In Super Bowl LIV against the San Francisco 49ers, Kelce caught six passes for 43 receiving yards and a receiving touchdown and had one carry for two rushing yards during the 31–20 win. He was ranked 18th by his fellow players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2020.

### 2020 season

Following the release of long-time Chiefs punter Dustin Colquitt in the offseason, Kelce became tied with Anthony Sherman and fellow 2013 draftee Eric Fisher as the team's longest tenured members. On August 14, 2020, Kelce signed a four-year, $57 million contract extension with the Chiefs through the 2025 season. In Week 6, he caught two touchdowns in a 26–17 victory over the Buffalo Bills. In Week 8 against the Jets, Kelce dunked the ball through the goal posts after scoring a touchdown, paying homage to former Chiefs tight end Tony Gonzalez. He was penalized for unsportsmanlike conduct and was fined $12,500. In Week 9, against the Carolina Panthers, he had ten receptions for 159 receiving yards in the 33–31 victory.

In Week 11 against the Las Vegas Raiders on Sunday Night Football, Kelce recorded eight catches for 127 yards and scored the game-winning touchdown in a 35–31 win. In Week 13 against the Broncos on Sunday Night Football, he caught eight passes for 136 yards and a touchdown during the 22–16 win. In the following game against the Dolphins, he again posted eight catches for 136 yards and a touchdown in a 33–27 victory. In Week 16, Kelce became the first tight end with two 100-catch seasons. Kelce caught seven passes, giving him a career-high 105 for the season. Kelce set the single-season yardage record for a tight end with 1,416, topping George Kittle 's 1,377 in 2018. His yardage ranked second overall in the 2020 NFL season (behind Stefon Diggs ' 1,535), while his total receptions ranked fifth in the NFL and second among tight ends (behind Darren Waller 's 107). He was named to his sixth Pro Bowl and earned First-team All-Pro honors.

In the Divisional Round of the playoffs against the Browns, Kelce caught eight passes for 109 yards and a touchdown during the 22–17 win. In the AFC Championship against the Bills, Kelce recorded 13 catches for 118 yards and two touchdowns in a 38–24 win to advance to Super Bowl LV. In the Super Bowl, he caught 10 passes for 133 yards—a record for receiving yards by a tight end in the championship game—but the Chiefs did not score a touchdown in the 31–9 loss to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. He was ranked fifth by his fellow players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2021.

### 2021 season

After Fisher was released and Sherman retired in the offseason, Kelce became the longest-tenured member of the Chiefs. In the Chiefs' second game of the season, against the Ravens, he became the fastest tight end in NFL history to record 8,000 career yards, surpassing Rob Gronkowski 's record in 113 games. In the Chiefs' week-15 game against the Chargers, Kelce set a career high for receiving yards in a game with 191 yards. He also caught two touchdowns, including the game-winning 34-yard touchdown in overtime. Kelce was named AFC Offensive Player of the Week for his performance. The game also put him over 1,000 yards for the season, his NFL record (among tight ends) extending sixth consecutive 1,000-yard season. It also extended Kelce's record for most 1,000-yard seasons by a tight end with six. He was placed on the Reserve/COVID-19 list on December 20, 2021. Kelce was activated on December 25, 2021. However, due to NFL protocols for COVID-19, since he tested positive for the virus and did not test negative before the day of the game, he was ruled out for the Chiefs' week 16 game against the Steelers. It was the first game Kelce had missed due to injury or illness since his rookie season. In the regular season-ending game against the Broncos, Kelce became the fastest tight end in NFL history to reach 9,000 career yards in just 127 games, a record also previously held by Gronkowski with 140 games. He finished the season with 92 receptions for 1,125 receiving yards and nine touchdowns. He was named Second-Team All-Pro by the AP, his sixth overall All-Pro selection. He was also named to his seventh consecutive Pro Bowl.

In the Wild Card Round against the Pittsburgh Steelers, Kelce had five receptions for 108 yards and a receiving touchdown to go along with a two-yard touchdown pass to Byron Pringle in the 42–21 victory. In the Divisional Round against the Bills, he had eight receptions for 96 yards and the game-winning touchdown in the 42–36 overtime victory. Kelce was wearing an NFL Films microphone for the game, and audio footage from the two offensive plays of the 13-second drive revealed that Kelce instructed Tyreek Hill to run the route which led to the success of the first completion, and revealed him suggesting to Mahomes that he might improvise his own route on the second offensive play if the Bills' defensive scheme didn't change. Prior to the snap, Mahomes realized Kelce's suggested improvised route would work and shouted "Do it, Kelce!", before finding his tight-end for a completion of 25 yards.

In the AFC Championship against the Cincinnati Bengals, he had 10 receptions for 95 yards and a touchdown in the 27–24 overtime loss. He was ranked tenth by his fellow players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2022.

### 2022 season: Second Super Bowl win

In Week 5, Kelce had four receiving touchdowns in the 30–29 victory over the Raiders. Kelce tied the franchise record for receiving touchdowns in a game. In the Chiefs' Week 11 game against the Chargers, he recorded his NFL record-breaking (among tight ends) 33rd 100-yard receiving game with 115 yards. He also scored three touchdowns, including the game-winning touchdown, his second straight season recording a game-winning touchdown against the Chargers. In Week 14 against the Broncos, he became the fifth tight end in NFL history to have 10,000 receiving yards. He also officially recorded his seventh consecutive 1,000-yard season, extending his records (among tight ends) of consecutive 1,000-yard seasons and most overall 1,000 seasons. He finished the 2022 season with 110 receptions for 1,338 receiving yards and 12 receiving touchdowns. Kelce set a single-game NFL postseason record for a tight end with 14 receptions in a 27–20 victory over the Jaguars in the Divisional Round. He scored two receiving touchdowns in the game. Kelce and the Chiefs appeared in Super Bowl LVII against the Eagles. Kelce's brother Jason played for the Eagles, making it the first Super Bowl to feature two brothers as players on opposing teams. Kelce caught six passes for 81 yards and a touchdown as the Chiefs beat the Eagles 38–35 to win his second Super Bowl. He was ranked fifth by his fellow players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2023.

### 2023 season: Third Super Bowl win

Kelce was inactive for the Chiefs' game against the Detroit Lions due to a knee injury he suffered earlier in the week. It was his first game missed due to an injury since his rookie season. Kelce made his season debut the following week against the Jaguars. In the Chiefs' week 7 game against the Chargers, Kelce tied a career high with 12 receptions. He also had 179 receiving yards, the second highest of his career. In the Chiefs' Week 9 game against the Dolphins, he broke the Chiefs franchise record for career receiving yards. Kelce finished the regular season with 984 receiving yards on 93 receptions and five touchdowns. He elected to not play in the Chiefs' Week 18 matchup against the Los Angeles Chargers, ending his NFL-record streak of seven consecutive seasons to finish with 1,000 receiving yards.

In the Divisional Round victory over the Bills, Kelce had two receiving touchdowns. Kelce, along with Mahomes, broke the record for most career touchdowns in the playoffs for a quarterback/receiver duo. In the AFC Championship Game victory against the top-seeded Baltimore Ravens, Kelce caught 11 passes for 116 yards and a touchdown, surpassing Jerry Rice for most playoff receptions and tying Rice for first in 100+ receiving yard games. The victory marked Kelce's fourth Super Bowl appearance in five seasons.

During Super Bowl LVIII, Kelce had nine receptions for 93 yards and was the leading yards receiver for the game. The Chiefs would win 25–22 in just the second Super Bowl in history to go to overtime, earning Kelce his third Super Bowl win. The Chiefs became the first team to repeat as Super Bowl champions since the New England Patriots accomplished the feat in the 2003 and 2004 seasons. During the game, following a fumble by Chiefs running back Isiah Pacheco when Kelce was not on the field, he was shown screaming at the Chiefs' head coach Andy Reid. The incident drew criticism, for which Kelce later apologized through his podcast.

### 2024 season

On April 29, 2024, Kelce signed a two-year extension with the Chiefs for a reported $34.25 million, making him the highest-paid tight end in the NFL.

## NFL career statistics

## Filmography

## Records

### NFL record (any position)

- Career postseason receptions: 165

### NFL records (among tight ends)

- Consecutive 1,000-plus-yard seasons (7, 2016–2022)

- 1,000-yard seasons (7, 2016–2022)

- Receiving yards in a season (1,416, 2020)

- Career postseason receiving yards (1,903)

- 100+ reception seasons (3)

- Fewest games to 10,000 career receiving yards (140)

- 100 receiving yard games (37)

- Career postseason receiving touchdowns: 19

- Career postseason games started: 22

### Chiefs franchise records (any position)

- 100-plus-yard receiving games (37)

- Receiving touchdowns in a game (tied, 4)

- Career receiving yards (11,328)

## Awards and honors

NFL

- 3× Super Bowl champion (LIV, LVII, LVIII)

- 4× First-team All-Pro (2016, 2018, 2020, 2022)

- 3× Second-team All-Pro (2017, 2019, 2021)

- 9× Pro Bowl (2015 – 2023)

- NFL 2010s All-Decade Team

NCAA

- First-team All- Big East (2012)

Non-football awards

- People's Choice Awards – Athlete of the Year (2024)

- Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards – Favorite Male Sports Star (2024)

## Other ventures

### Philanthropy

Noted for being generous with his time and resources, Kelce has received several awards for his philanthropic efforts. He received the Chiefs' Ed Block Courage Award in 2014. In 2020, the Chiefs nominated him for the Walter Payton Man of the Year Award. That same year, fans voted him the winner of the NFL's Charity Challenge Award.

In 2015, Kelce created a foundation called Eighty-Seven & Running in his hometown of Cleveland, Ohio, with the goal of "empowering underprivileged youth". The foundation organizes an annual fundraising event in Kansas City, including an auto show and a fashion show, to raise money for various causes there and in Cleveland. Some of its other activities have included:

- 2018: With Operation Breakthrough, a Kansas City-based nonprofit, opened a Robotics Lab accessible to nearly 300 elementary to high school students.

- 2020: Gave $500,000 to buy and transform a Kansas City building into a coworking space to help disadvantaged children explore careers in STEM under a workforce development program called "Ignition Lab".

- 2020: Gave $140,000 to Operation Breakthrough and the Heights Schools Foundation in Ohio to help them during the COVID-19 pandemic.

- 2021: Created the "Catching for a Cause" initiative which pledges to donate money for every catch and touchdown that Kelce makes during the football season.

- 2022: Endowed a Health and Wellness fund that supports the University of Cincinnati 's Sports Psychology and Counseling Department and the school's 450 athletes.

- 2024: Donated 25,000 breakfast meals to students from Operation Breakthrough.

- 2024: Helped an elderly former athlete by paying for repairs to her Kansas City home of 56 years.

Kelce supports various non-profit organizations and initiatives, including Boys & Girls Clubs of America and Read Across America Day, and has donated autographed items to benefit the Make-A-Wish Foundation. Kelce has made several appearances at Kansas City hospitals and schools to support local charities. In 2019, he hosted a meet and dance event to raise funds for the "Rose Brooks Center", a Kansas City-based organization that provides shelter to women, children, and their pets in situations of domestic violence. He and his brother Jason have also donated to the Heights Schools Foundation to buy equipment and fund afterschool activities. In 2019, Kelce participated in a charity celebrity softball game to raise funds for the Lake Health Foundation. In 2024, he donated $100,000 to the family of two children who were seriously wounded in the 2024 Kansas City parade shooting. Kelce is among the Kansas City celebrities who have hosted the Big Slick charity event and gala, which benefits the Cancer Center at Children's Mercy Hospital; in 2024, Kelce and teammate Mahomes contributed game-worn Chiefs jerseys to a lot of NFL items that went for $250,000 at the charity auction.

### Activism

Kelce has been a vocal advocate for social justice. In 2017, he became one of the highest-profile white NFL players to kneel during the national anthem in protest against police brutality, racism, and social inequalities in America. After the shooting of Jacob Blake by police officer Rusten Sheskey, Kelce, along with teammate Patrick Mahomes, spoke publicly in support of social justice. He has pledged support for the Black Lives Matter movement including in Kansas City. In 2019, Kelce and other NFL players joined students in virtual class discussions around the U.S. to discuss Black Boys, a Malcolm Jenkins -produced documentary that examines social and emotional effects of racism against Black men.

Kelce has also shown support to the LGBT community. In 2021, he called for more acceptance of homosexuality in American football, saying, “Anybody in this world.”

### Entertainment

In January 2016, Kelce starred in the E! Entertainment Television dating show Catching Kelce, choosing Maya Benberry as the winner. In 2020, Kelce appeared as a fictionalized version of himself in the first episode of the comedy series Moonbase 8. Kelce was featured in Kelce, a feature-length documentary about his brother Jason's football career and private life that was released on Amazon Prime on September 11, 2023, Within 24 hours, it was the most-watched movie among U.S. subscribers to the streaming service. In May 2023, he signed with Creative Artists Agency for off-the-field representation while keeping his agent for his NFL representation. Kelce hosted Saturday Night Live on March 4, 2023, and appeared in a sketch with his brother Jason and SNL cast members Heidi Gardner and Chloe Fineman. He also made a cameo appearance on the October 14, 2023, episode. In 2024, it was announced that Kelce will host a reboot for the game show Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? on Amazon Prime Video The show will be titled Are You Smarter than a Celebrity? with a 20-episode season.

In 2023, Kelce became an executive producer of the war comedy-drama film My Dead Friend Zoe (2024) and of the documentary King Pleasure about the life of American artist Jean-Michel Basquiat. Kelce was cast in his first major acting role in Ryan Murphy ‘s FX horror series Grotesquerie where he will star opposite Niecy Nash-Betts, Courtney B. Vance, and Lesley Manville.

Through his Super Bowl runs with the Chiefs, Kelce became known for reciting the chorus from the Beastie Boys ' 1986 song " (You Gotta) Fight for Your Right (To Party!) " during team celebrations, first after the 2019 AFC Championship Game then again at the parade in Kansas City after clinching Super Bowl LIV. The Chiefs responded by making "Fight for Your Right" its touchdown song during games at Arrowhead Stadium. In 2023, Kelce performed the song with Jimmy Fallon on The Tonight Show.

Kelce was featured, with his brother Jason, on the cover of " Fairytale of New York " (1987) by the Pogues featuring Kirsty MacColl, titled "Fairytale of Philadelphia", which appeared on the 2023 album A Philly Special Christmas Special; proceeds from the album benefit various charity institutions in Philadelphia. "Fairytale of Philadelphia" topped the US iTunes chart, following which the brothers thanked the Swifties. The song further debuted at number five on the Billboard Digital Song Sales chart and number two on Billboard Rock Digital Song Sales with 6,000 downloads sold in the first week. The song climbed to number one on both charts on its second week of release, making the brothers Billboard -charting artists. In April 2023, Kelce announced the launch of his own annual music festival called Kelce Jam. The first edition of the event, held in Bonner Springs, Kansas during the 2023 NFL draft weekend, featured artists including Machine Gun Kelly, Rick Ross, Loud Luxury and Tech N9ne. The festival sold its first 10,000 tickets in 20 minutes, and was eventually sold out with 18,000 people in attendance. The second edition of the festival in 2024, saw an attendance of 20,000 fans with headlining performances from 2 Chainz, Diplo and Lil Wayne.

### New Heights podcast (Since 2022)

In September 2022, Kelce and his brother Jason launched a weekly sports podcast called New Heights with Jason & Travis Kelce, produced with Wave Sports + Entertainment. The name is a nod to the brothers' upbringing in Cleveland Heights, Ohio. During the podcast, the brothers discuss NFL news, rumors, and sports headlines as well as each other's games. New Heights features special guests including NFL players, celebrities, and members of their family. The brothers record the podcast before cameras; it is broadcast live on YouTube and released in video and audio forms.

Within weeks of its launch, the podcast was the most-listened-to sports podcast on Spotify and third-most on Apple podcast sports charts. In February 2023, the podcast experienced a rise in popularity when Travis and Jason faced off in Super Bowl LVII, it marked the first time two brothers played against each other. It reached the No. 1 in Apple sports podcasts, No. 2 among all podcasts on Apple, and No. 3 on Spotify in all podcast categories. The podcast is regularly highlighted on Monday Night Football on ESPN and Sunday Night Football on NBC. In 2022, it was named the Sports Podcast of the Year by Sports Illustrated. After the premiere of the second season in September 2023, New Heights became the No. 1 sports podcast in the U.S. and the No. 1 sports podcast globally on Spotify as well as No. 1 among all podcasts on Apple.

### Business ventures

Kelce has appeared in print, television and online advertisements for brands such as Dick's Sporting Goods, LG, McDonald's, Nike, Papa John's, Bud Light, Old Spice, Walgreens, Pfizer, State Farm, DirectTV, Experian, Lowe's, and Campbell's Soup among others. In August 2022, Hy-Vee began manufacturing "Kelce's Krunch", a limited-edition frosted cornflakes breakfast cereal named after and endorsed by Kelce. A portion of proceeds from the sale of the cereal was donated to Kelce's charity foundation. In 2023, Business Insider estimated that Kelce makes $5 million a year in off-the-field earnings and stated that "he was one of football's most successful endorsers."

In 2019, Kelce founded his own health brand, Hilo Nutrition, which sells gummy supplements for performance nutrition and other health benefits. In January 2020, Kelce launched his own clothing brand, Tru Kolors. It became the first brand by an NFL player to launch an official merchandise collaboration with an NFL franchise: the Kansas City Chiefs in 2022. In 2021, Kelce released a signature sneaker collection as part of a deal with Nike. The collection was called Nike x Kelce Blazer Mid '77 Vintage and included six shoes that inspired by facets of Kelce's life, including his brand and his team's colors. Kelce is co-owner of a car wash chain named Club Car Wash that operates in 109 locations in eight states in the central U.S. In October 2023, Kelce and Walmart launched Travis Kelce's Kitchen, a line of seven barbecue products inspired by the flavors of Kansas City.

In 2019, Kelce invested in the private equity firm L Catterton 's purchase of the condiment brand Cholula Hot Sauce. He earned four times his investment when McCormick & Company acquired the brand for $800 million in 2020. Kelce is also an angel investor in several companies, including the tequila brand Casa Azul, the whole-grain pancake and waffle mixes Kodiak Cakes, and the made-to-measure menswear retailer Indochino. In 2023, Kelce joined a group of investors, including actor Ryan Reynolds and teammate Mahomes, to buy a stake in Alpine, a UK-based French Formula One team. The exact amount or stake was not disclosed. In 2024, Kelce teamed up with his brother Jason as significant owners and operators of the light beer company Garage Beer.

## Personal life

Kelce and Maya Benberry, the winner of his dating show, started dating after the show ended in April 2016. In January 2017, Benberry confirmed that they had broken up. From 2017 to 2022, Kelce was in a relationship with social media influencer Kayla Nicole Brown.

Kelce began dating singer-songwriter Taylor Swift in 2023. They have been widely referred to as a supercouple; some call them "America's very own royal couple".

Their highly publicized relationship and Swift's attendance at games stimulated interest in the Chiefs and the NFL during the 2023 season. Some NFL games that Swift attended broke viewership, ticket sales, and merchandise sales records: a Chiefs– Chicago Bears game drew the most television viewers of the weekend; a Chiefs– New York Jets game averaged 27 million viewers, making it the most-watched Sunday-night television show since Super Bowl LVII; and a Chiefs– Buffalo Bills game on January 21, 2024, became the most-watched NFL divisional playoff game ever and the most-watched program on any network since Super Bowl LVII. The Chiefs– Baltimore Ravens AFC Conference Championship Game was the most watched AFC Championship game of all time. When the Chiefs advanced to Super Bowl LVIII, some referred to the game as the "Taylor Swift Bowl". One widely cited estimate by a sports marketing company said the Kelce-Swift relationship had so stimulated ticket sales, viewership, and merchandising that the Chiefs franchise had gained $331.4 million in value in six months.

In June 2024, Kelce made international headlines when he joined Swift onstage at her Eras Tour concert in Wembley Stadium. He danced in a top hat and tails during her performance of “I Can Do It With a Broken Heart.”

Kelce plays golf during the offseason. He has participated in several celebrity tournaments, including the American Century Championship, at which he won the long drive contest in the 2023 edition. In 2023, he participated in The Match VIII, teaming up with his Chiefs teammate Patrick Mahomes against Golden State Warriors teammates Stephen Curry and Klay Thompson. Mahomes and Kelce won. Kelce owns homes in the Kansas City area and a condo in Orlando, Florida. He is also an avid car collector.


1845 in Germany

# 1845 in Germany

## Abstract

Events from the year 1845 in Germany.

## Incumbents

- King of Bavaria – Ludwig I

- King of Hanover – Ernest Augustus

- King of Prussia – Frederick William IV

- King of Saxony – Frederick Augustus II

## Events

- March 13 – The Violin Concerto by Felix Mendelssohn premieres in Leipzig, with Ferdinand David as soloist.

- October 19 – Richard Wagner 's opera Tannhäuser debuts at the Dresden Royal Court Theater.

### Date unknown

- Friedrich Engels ' treatise The Condition of the Working Class in England is published in Leipzig as Die Lage der arbeitenden Klasse in England. convincing Marx that the working class could be the agent and instrument of the final revolution in history.

- Heinrich Hoffmann publishes a book (Lustige Geschichten und drollige Bilder), introducing his character, Struwwelpeter, in Germany.

## Births

- January 7 – King Ludwig III of Bavaria (d. 1921)

- March 3 – Georg Cantor, German mathematician (d. 1918)

- March 27 – Wilhelm Röntgen, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1923)

## Deaths

- May 12- August Wilhelm Schlegel, German poet, translator and critic (b. 1767)

- July 12- Friedrich Ludwig Persius, German architect (b. 1803)


Liam Hallam-Eames

# Liam Hallam-Eames

## Abstract

Liam J. Hallam-Eames (born 20 August 1995) is a New Zealand rugby union player. His position is lock. He was named as a late inclusion in the Crusaders squad for Round 12 of the 2022 Super Rugby Pacific season. He made his Super Rugby debut in the same match. He was also a member of the Northland 2021 Bunnings NPC squad and has played for the side since.


Operation Cast Thy Bread

# Operation Cast Thy Bread

## Abstract

Operation Cast Thy Bread was a top-secret biological warfare operation conducted by the Haganah and later the Israel Defense Forces that began in April 1948, during the 1948 Palestine war. The Haganah used typhoid bacteria to contaminate drinking water wells in violation of the 1925 Geneva Protocol. Its objective was to frighten and prevent Palestinian Arabs from returning to villages captured by the Yishuv and make conditions difficult for Arab armies attempting to retake territories. The operation resulted in severe illness among local Palestinian citizens. In the final months of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, Israel gave orders to expand the biological warfare campaign into neighboring Arab states such as Egypt, Lebanon, and Syria, but they were not carried out. Israeli prime minister David Ben-Gurion and IDF chief of general staff Yigael Yadin oversaw and approved the use of biological warfare.

Abba Eban, representative of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, strongly denied the operation and sought to block further investigations by accusing the Arab states of engaging in "antisemitic incitement". Operation Cast Thy Bread did not achieve the crippling effects its advocates had hoped for, and was discontinued by December 1948. In July 1948, the Palestinian Arab Higher Committee reported to the United Nations several war crimes committed by Zionist forces, including the use of "bacteriological warfare".

## Background

According to Avner Cohen, the Haganah's chief operations officer Yigael Yadin dispatched a microbiology student named Alexander Keynan to Jaffa on 18 February 1948 to set up a unit known as HEMED BEIT. Keynan and future Israeli president Ephraim Katzir "planned various activities, to get a sense what chemical and biological weapons are and how we could build a potential should there be a need for such a potential". Their main objective was to create a weapon that could blind people.

In April 1948, David Ben-Gurion ordered an official of the Jewish Agency in Europe to find Eastern European Jewish scientists who could "either increase the capacity to kill masses or to cure masses; both are important". According to Milton Leitenberg, that "capacity" meant chemical and biological weapons, which could be used for either offense or defense. One of the scientists recruited was an epidemiologist and colonel in the Red Army called Avraham Marcus Klingberg.

## Operations

### In Palestine

Benny Morris reported that Israeli soldiers transported typhoid germs in bottles to the southern front. British, Arab, and Red Cross documents reveal that Zionist forces introduced poison into wells in Acre and Eilabun in Galilee, leading to severe illness among dozens of local residents. Acre, which was allocated to a future Arab state by the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine, heavily relied on its aqueduct for water. The contamination of these wells triggered a typhoid epidemic and "a state of extreme distress" among the inhabitants, as noted by the mayor of Acre on 3 May. The Carmeli Brigade of the Haganah allegedly used a biological weapon in the battle of Acre in May 1948. In the following month, an Israeli intelligence report concluded that deliberately inducing the epidemic had played a significant role in the rapid fall of Acre to Haganah forces.

The Haganah had also poisoned the depopulated Palestinian Arab village of Bayt Mahsir and water sources in Palestinian neighborhoods in Jerusalem.

The operation was carried out by ordinary IDF soldiers and later the Mista'arvim, an undercover unit specialized in sabotage operations within enemy territory, disguising themselves as Palestinians.

### Against neighboring Arab states

In May 1948, during Operation Shalach, four Israeli Special Forces soldiers, disguised as Arabs, attempted to poison the local water supply in Gaza to impede the advance of the Egyptian army. They infiltrated the city with tubes containing typhoid germs. The Israeli soldiers were captured by Egyptian soldiers near water wells on 23 May and subsequently executed by an Egyptian military court on 22 August 1948. Egypt complained about the incident to the United Kingdom, but the Foreign Office decided it was best to stay uninvolved. However, one British official remarked that the situation was so "obnoxious" that Britain might consider expressing its "disgust" to the Israelis if the opportunity arose.

## Reactions

### Palestinian Arabs

On 22 July 2024, the Arab Higher Committee presented a formal complaint to the United Nations of the various war crimes committed by " Palestinian Jews ", including engaging in "bacteriological warfare". The committee accused the Zionists of having constructed laboratories in Palestine for biological warfare purposes and of having "planned and prepared for the use of bacteriological warfare" over a protracted period of time. The committee also suggested that there was "some" inconclusive evidence linking the cholera outbreaks in Egypt and Syria in late 1947 and early 1948, respectively, to actions taken by Zionist forces.

### Zionists

Israel vehemently denied the accusations of well poisoning and biological warfare against Palestinian Arabs, denouncing the Egyptian allegations as "wicked libel". Israel stated that the four Israeli soldiers captured by Egyptian troops in Gaza were there to observe military activities and evaluate the morale of the Arab population. Abba Eban denied the well poisoning operation and attempted to block further investigations by accusing the Arab states of engaging in "antisemitic incitement".


Manurewa railway station

# Manurewa railway station

## Abstract

Manurewa railway station is a station serving the suburb of Manurewa in Auckland, New Zealand. It is located on the Southern Line of the Auckland railway network. The station has a side platform layout connected by a pedestrian bridge.

The station has a large park-and-ride facility and interchange with many local bus services. It is located between the SouthMall Shopping Centre and the Manurewa Work and Income office.

## History

Manurewa's first station opened in 1875. Originally opening as a flag station, until 27 August 1884 when a booking office opened at the site. This station had a centre-platform layout and was located behind what is now the Russell Road Reserve. From the north it was accessible from a connection to the Jutland Road bridge. To the south it featured a pedestrian overbridge, accessible from the pedestrian path between James Road and Station Road. On the other side of the overbridge was the railway lane, providing road access to the station from Station Road. After realignment of the tracks prior to electrification, very little of the original platform remains.

The station led to increased growth and services in Manurewa, and away from the township of Woodside (modern-day Wiri) along Great South Road. During World War I, the station was moved further to the south when the rail was re-aligned. During the 1870s, this location was a man-made lake on the property of Benjamin Cashmore, who used the lake to power a water wheel for his flour mill. This station had a side-platform layout, connected by the footpath on the adjacent Station Road bridge. Closed after the current station became operational, it was removed in 2011 when the Station Road bridge was rebuilt.

The current station was opened in July 2006 on a site even further south, behind the SouthMall Shopping Centre. It has a side platform layout connected by a pedestrian bridge. The Manurewa Bus Station was built next to the station, providing interconnection with Auckland's bus network.

By January 2014, wires had been installed as part of the Auckland railway electrification project. Since July 2015, all commuter services have been electric, using AM class electric trains.

## Services

Auckland One Rail, on behalf of Auckland Transport, operates suburban services to Waitematā, Papakura and Pukekohe via Manurewa. The typical weekday off-peak timetable is:

- 3 tph to Waitematā, via Penrose and Newmarket

- 3 tph to Papakura

Manurewa is served by bus routes 33, 361, 362, 363, 365 and 366.


Matarawa railway station

# Matarawa railway station

## Abstract

Matarawa railway station is a small single-platform railway station on the Wairarapa Line that serves the small rural community of Matarawa in the Wairarapa district of New Zealand.

## History

This station opened on 1 November 1880, when the line between Woodside Junction and Masterton was officially opened. Initially it had a shelter shed, loading bank and crossing loop and was used to cross trains until the introduction of signalling at the larger Wairarapa stations. In its early years several sawmills flourished in the vicinity, with timber making up a bulk of the goods loaded. The crossing loop and private sawmill sidings have been removed.

The station was closed to all traffic on 1 February 1981. It was re-opened 17 days later to passenger traffic only.

In 2006, with the introduction of the SW-class carriages for the Wairarapa Connection service looming, it was proposed that this station be closed due to its low patronage and the cost involved in building a platform so that passengers could safely board and disembark from the new carriages. After vocal opposition from local residents, this proposal was rescinded.

This station was temporarily closed from 17 May 2007 to 4 June 2007 to enable construction work to proceed on preparations for the new carriages. The station was reopened on 7 June 2007 with a new platform (prior to the upgrade it did not have a platform).

## Services

The request stop is served by the Wairarapa Connection has five services each way on Monday to Thursday, six on Friday and two on Saturday and Sunday. Trains run to Masterton and Wellington.No bus routes serve the station.


# List of Kansas City Chiefs starting quarterbacks

## Abstract

The Kansas City Chiefs are a professional American football team based in Kansas City, Missouri. The Chiefs are a member of the Western Division of the American Football Conference in the National Football League (NFL). Originally named the Dallas Texans, the club was founded by Lamar Hunt in 1960 as a charter member of the American Football League. In 1963, the team moved to Kansas City, Missouri and were renamed the Kansas City Chiefs.

The Chiefs have had 56 different quarterbacks attempt a pass, 39 different starting quarterbacks, and 19 different quarterbacks start at least 10 games. Eleven different quarterbacks have been named to either the AFL All-Star team or Pro Bowl for a total of 25 selections. Five of those quarterbacks have been name All-Star or Pro Bowl multiple times. Eleven of the Chiefs starting quarterbacks have led the Chiefs to the playoffs, however, only five have won a playoff game. Patrick Mahomes has been the Chiefs' starting quarterback since 2018. Mahomes has been the full-time starting quarterback since the beginning of the 2018 season, when he broke multiple single season team records and became the first Chiefs player to win MVP. Cotton Davidson was the team's first starting quarterback. He played all 14 games for the Texans in their inaugural 1960 season. Davidson played with the franchise from 1960 to 1962, and was traded in 1963 to the Oakland Raiders. Len Dawson signed with the Chiefs (then known as the Texans) on July 2, 1962 and played for the franchise for 14 seasons. With Dawson as the team's starter, the Texans/Chiefs won three American Football League championships and appeared in two Super Bowl championship games. Dawson was named Most Valuable Player after the Chiefs' victory in Super Bowl IV and retired in 1975 with several franchise records. Three quarterbacks currently in the Pro Football Hall of Fame have started at least one game for Kansas City: Dawson, Joe Montana, and Warren Moon. The most quarterbacks started in one season was five in 1987, however, this was primarily due to the player strike that led to teams using replacement players. The Chiefs have had the same quarterback start every game in a season 15 times. Trent Green started the most consecutive games with 81. Mahomes and Dawson are the only quarterbacks to lead the Chiefs to the Super Bowl, I and IV for Dawson and LIV, LV, LVII, and LVIII for Mahomes, with the Chiefs winning IV, LIV, LVII, and LVIII.

## Starting quarterbacks by season

### Regular-season

The number of games started in the season by each player is listed in small parentheses. Statistics do not include postseason starts.

## Most games as starting quarterback

Only the top 10 are listed below.

As of week 1 of the 2024 season

## Team career passing leaders

Below are the top five quarterbacks in each category throughout their tenure with the Chiefs. Stats are complete through week 1 of the 2024 NFL Season.


1830 in Germany

# 1830 in Germany

## Abstract

Events from the year 1830 in Germany

## Incumbents

### Kingdoms

- Kingdom of Prussia Monarch – Frederick William III of Prussia (16 November 1797 – 7 June 1840)

- Monarch – Frederick William III of Prussia (16 November 1797 – 7 June 1840)

- Kingdom of Bavaria Monarch - Ludwig I (1825–1848)

- Monarch - Ludwig I (1825–1848)

- Kingdom of Saxony Anthony (5 May 1827 – 6 June 1836)

- Anthony (5 May 1827 – 6 June 1836)

- Kingdom of Hanover George IV (29 January 1820 – 26 June 1830)

- George IV (29 January 1820 – 26 June 1830)

- Kingdom of Württemberg William (30 October 1816 – 25 June 1864)

- William (30 October 1816 – 25 June 1864)

### Grand Duchies

- Grand Duke of Baden Louis I (8 December 1818 – 30 March 1830)

- Louis I (8 December 1818 – 30 March 1830)

- Grand Duke of Hesse Louis I (14 August 1806 – 6 April 1830)

- Louis I (14 August 1806 – 6 April 1830)

- Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin Frederick Francis I – (24 April 1785 – 1 February 1837)

- Frederick Francis I – (24 April 1785 – 1 February 1837)

- Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz George (6 November 1816 – 6 September 1860)

- George (6 November 1816 – 6 September 1860)

- Grand Duke of Oldenburg Peter I (2 July 1823 - 21 May 1829)

- Peter I (2 July 1823 - 21 May 1829)

- Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach Charles Frederick (14 June 1828 - 8 July 1853)

- Charles Frederick (14 June 1828 - 8 July 1853)

### Principalities

- Schaumburg-Lippe George William (13 February 1787 - 1860)

- George William (13 February 1787 - 1860)

- Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt Friedrich Günther (28 April 1807 - 28 June 1867)

- Friedrich Günther (28 April 1807 - 28 June 1867)

- Schwarzburg-Sondershausen Günther Friedrich Karl I (14 October 1794 - 19 August 1835)

- Günther Friedrich Karl I (14 October 1794 - 19 August 1835)

- Principality of Lippe Leopold II (5 November 1802 - 1 January 1851)

- Leopold II (5 November 1802 - 1 January 1851)

- Principality of Reuss-Greiz Heinrich XIX (29 January 1817 - 31 October 1836)

- Heinrich XIX (29 January 1817 - 31 October 1836)

- Waldeck and Pyrmont George II (9 September 1813 - 15 May 1845)

- George II (9 September 1813 - 15 May 1845)

### Duchies

- Duke of Anhalt-Dessau Leopold IV (9 August 1817 - 22 May 1871)

- Leopold IV (9 August 1817 - 22 May 1871)

- Duke of Brunswick Charles II (16 June 1815 – 9 September 1830)

- Charles II (16 June 1815 – 9 September 1830)

- Duke of Saxe-Altenburg Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1780–1826) and Duke of Saxe-Altenburg (1826–1834) - Frederick

- Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1780–1826) and Duke of Saxe-Altenburg (1826–1834) - Frederick

- Duke of Saxe-Meiningen Bernhard II (24 December 1803–20 September 1866)

- Bernhard II (24 December 1803–20 September 1866)

## Events

- The Glyptothek museum in Munich, designed by Leo von Klenze, is completed.

## Births

- 7 January – Albert Bierstadt, German-American painter (d. 1902)

- 8 January – Hans von Bülow, German conductor, pianist and composer (d. 1894)

- 15 March – Paul Heyse, German writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1914)

- 25 July – John Jacob Bausch, German-American optician who co-founded Bausch & Lomb (d. 1926)

## Deaths

- 19 January – Johann Schweighäuser, German classical scholar (b. 1742)

- 17 or 30 January – Wilhelm Waiblinger, German Romantic poet (born 1804)

- 2 March – Samuel Thomas von Sömmerring, German physician, anatomist (b. 1755)

- 22 August – Jakob Wilhelm Roux, German draughtsman and painter (born 1771)

- 4 October – Ludwig Yorck von Wartenburg, Prussian military leader (b. 1759)

- 18 November – Adam Weishaupt, German philosopher (b. 1748)

- 20 November – Gustav von Ewers, German legal historian (born 1781)


Liam Hallam-Eames