Bowel resection

# Bowel resection

## Abstract

A bowel resection or enterectomy (enter- + -ectomy) is a surgical procedure in which a part of an intestine (bowel) is removed, from either the small intestine or large intestine. Often the word enterectomy is reserved for the sense of small bowel resection, in distinction from colectomy, which covers the sense of large bowel resection. Bowel resection may be performed to treat gastrointestinal cancer, bowel ischemia, necrosis, or obstruction due to scar tissue, volvulus, and hernias. Some patients require ileostomy or colostomy after this procedure as alternative means of excretion. Complications of the procedure may include anastomotic leak or dehiscence, hernias, or adhesions causing partial or complete bowel obstruction. Depending on which part and how much of the intestines are removed, there may be digestive and metabolic challenges afterward, such as short bowel syndrome.

## Types

Types of enterectomy are named according to the relevant bowel segment:

## Surgery

The anatomy and surgical technique for bowel resection varies based on the location of the removed segment and whether or not the surgery is due to malignancy. The below sections describe resection for non-malignant causes. Malignancy may require more extensive tissue resection beyond what is described here.

Bowel resection may be done as an open surgery, with a long incision in the abdomen. It may also be done laparoscopically or robotically by creating several small incisions in the abdomen through which surgical instruments are inserted. Once the abdomen is accessed by one of these methods the surgery may proceed.

### Small bowel resection

Once the abdomen is accessed, the surgeon "runs" the small bowel, viewing the entire small bowel from the ligament of treitz to the ileocecal valve. This allows for total evaluate of the small bowel to identify any and all pathologic sections. Once the area of concern is located, two small holes are created in the mesentery on either end of the segment. These holes are used to place a surgical stapler across the bowel and separate the segment of injured bowel from the healthy bowel on each end. Then bowel is then dissected away from the mesentery. Following this the remaining bowel is observed to verify continued blood flow. After resection the surgeon will create an anastomosis between the two ends of the bowel. Following this the hole in the mesentery created by removing the section of bowel is closed with sutures to prevent internal herniation. The resected section of bowel will then be removed from the abdomen and the abdomen closed. This concludes the procedure.

### Large bowel resection

The right and left colon sit in the retroperitoneum. To access this space an incision is made along the line of Toldt. The colon is then mobilized from the retroperitoneum. Care is taken to avoid injury to the ureters and duodenum. The surgery then follows the same steps as small bowel resection. However, due to the colon's placement in the retroperitoneum, more dissection is often required to allow for tension free anastomosis.

## Medical Indications

### Cancer

Small bowel or colon cancer may require surgical resection.

Small bowel cancer often presents late in the course due to non-specific symptoms and has poor survival rates. Risk factors for small bowel cancer include genetically inherited polyposis syndromes, age over sixty years, and history of Crohn's or Celiac disease. Cases that present before stage IV show survival benefit from surgical resection with clear margins. It is recommended that surgical resection also include lymph node sampling of a minimum of 12 nodes with some groups extolling more extensive resection. When evaluation determines cancer to be stage IV, surgical intervention is no longer curative, and is only used for symptom relief.

Colon cancer is the third most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer death in the USA. Due to its prevalence, screening protocols have been created for prevention of disease. Screening colonoscopies with or without polypectomy have been shown to decrease cancer morbidity and mortality. When cancer is more advanced and polypectomy is not possible surgical resection is necessary. Using imaging and pathologic evaluation of resected tissue the tumor may be staged using AJCC stages. Surgical resection of tumors for staging and for curative purposes requires removal of local blood vessel and lymph nodes. Standard lymph node resection includes three consecutive levels of lymph nodes and is known as a D3 lymphadenectomy. In addition to surgery adjuvant chemotherapy may be used to decrease risk of recurrence. Chemotherapy is standard with stage III cancer, case dependant in stage II and palliative in stage IV. Diet high in processed food and sugary drinks has also been shown to increase recurrence of stage III colon cancer.

### Bowel obstruction

Bowel obstructions are commonly secondary to adhesions, hernias, or cancer. Bowel obstruction can be an emergency requiring immediate surgery. Original testing and imaging include blood tests for electrolyte levels, and abdominal X-rays or CT scans. Treatment often begins with IV fluids to correct electrolyte imbalances. Obstructions may be complicated by ischemia or perforation of the bowel. These cases are surgical emergencies and often require bowel resection to remove the cause of obstruction. Adhesions are a common causes of obstruction, and frequently resolve without surgery.

Other causes of bowel obstruction include volvulus, strictures, inflammation and intussusception. This is not an exhaustive list.

### Perforation

Bowel perforation presents with abdominal pain, free air in the abdomen on standing X-ray, and sepsis. Depending on the cause and size, perforations may be medically or surgically managed. Some common causes of perforation are cancer, diverticulitis, and peptic ulcer disease.

When caused by cancer, bowel perforation typically requires surgery, including resection of blood and lymph supply to the cancerous area when possible. When perforation is at the site of the tumor, the perforation may be contained in the tumor and self resolve without surgery. However, surgery may be required later for the malignancy itself. Perforation before the tumor usually requires immediate surgery due to release of fecal material into the abdomen and infection.

Perforated diverticulitis often requires surgery due to risks of infection or recurrence. Recurrent diverticulitis may required resection even in the absence of perforation. Bowel resection or repair is typically initiated earlier in patients with signs of infection, the elderly, immunocompromised, and those with severe comorbidities.

Peptic ulcer disease may cause perforation of the bowel but rarely requires bowel resection. Peptic ulcer disease is caused by stomach acid overwhelming the protection of mucus production. Risk factors include H. pylori infection, smoking, and NSAID use. The standard treatment is medical management, endoscopy followed by surgical omental patch repair. In rare cases where omental patch fails bowel resection may become necessary.

Traumatic injuries, whether blunt force such as car accidents or penetrating wounds such as gunshot wounds, or stabbings, may also cause bowel perforation or ischemia requiring emergency surgery. Initial evaluation in trauma includes a FAST ultrasound exam followed by contrast CT abdomen in stable patients. The most common bowel injury in trauma is perforation and is repaired rather than resected if the injury involves less than half the bowel circumference and does not involve loss of blood supply. Resection is indicated with more extensive or ischemic injuries.

### Ischemia

Bowel ischemia is caused by decreased or absent blood flow through the Celiac, Superior Mesenteric, and Inferior Mesenteric arteries or any combination thereof. Untreated acute mesenteric ischemia can cause bowel necrosis in the affected area. This requires emergent surgery as survival without endovascular or operative intervention is around 50%. Ischemic bowel injury often requires multiple surgeries days apart to allow bowel recovery and increase odds of successful anastomosis.

## Complications

### Anastomotic leaks/Dehiscence

An anastomotic leak is a fault in the surgical connection between the two remaining sections of bowel after a resection is performed. This allows the bowel contents to leak into the abdomen. Anastomotic leaks may cause infection, abscess development, and organ failure if untreated. Surgical steps are taken to prevent leaks when possible. These include creating anastomoses with minimal tension on the connection and aligning the bowel to prevent twisting of the bowel at the anastomosis. However, it is believed that most leaks are caused by poor healing, not surgical technique. Risk factors for poor healing of anastomosis include obesity, diabetes mellitus, and smoking. Treatment of the leak includes antibiotics, placement of a drain near the leak or developing abscess, stenting of the anastomosis, surgical repair, or creating of an ileostomy or colostomy.

### Internal and incisional hernias

Any abdominal surgery may result in an incisional hernia where the abdomen was accessed. Hernias develop when the fascia of the abdominal cavity separates after the surgical closure. This may be due to suture failure, poor wound healing. Other risk factors include obesity and smoking. Smaller closure stitches and the use of mesh when closing open surgeries may decrease the risk of hernia occurrence. However, the use of mesh is limited by the surgery performed and contamination or risk infection.

When colon is resected hernias may form through the mesenteric defect. This is more common with gastric bypass surgery. Internal hernias may cause ischemia and require emergency surgery to resolve.

### Adhesions and post-op SBO/BO

A common complication of all abdominal surgeries is adhesions. Adhesions are bands of scar tissue that form after surgery or injury to the abdomen. They can displace or obstruct areas of the bowel. Approximately 1 in 5 emergency surgeries are due to adhesive bowel obstruction. When possible this is managed without surgery with IV fluids, and NG tube to drain the stomach and intestines, and bowel rest (not eating) until the obstruction resolves. If signs of bowel ischemia or perforation are present then emergency surgery is required. Laparoscopic adhesiolysis is the most common surgery used when bowel rest and medical management fail to resolve the obstruction.

### Short bowel syndrome

When large amounts of small bowel are resected it can cause short bowel syndrome. Short bowel syndrome is a failure of absorption of nutrients due to resection of portions of the small bowel. It can be limited to a single nutrient or it can be total malabsorption. If the distal ileum is resected it commonly causes a mild form of short bowel syndrome with deficiency of only vitamin B12. When the entire small bowel is resected it can cause chronic complications.

The acute form lasts up to one month following bowel resection. Symptoms include diarrhea, malabsorption, and metabolic derangements. This is treated primarily by IV fluids and electrolyte replacement. Acute short bowel syndrome is followed by the adaptation phase which can last up to two years. During this time the small bowel slows movement of bowel contents to allow for more absorption. About half of all patients with short bowel syndrome progress to chronic disease. Chronic short bowel syndrome may require total parenteral nutrition and chronic central line use. These may cause complications such as bacteremia and sepsis. Other complications of short bowel syndrome are chronic diarrhea or high output from the ostomy site, intestinal failure associated liver disease, and electrolyte level abnormalities.

Short bowel syndrome is rare and usually follows extensive ischemic bowel caused by internal hernias, volvulus, or mesenteric ischemia where the remaining small bowel is under 200 cm long.


List of American films of 2024

# List of American films of 2024

## Abstract

This is a list of American films that are scheduled to release in 2024.

## Box office

The highest-grossing American films released in 2024, by domestic box office gross revenue, are as follows:


Vroom in the Night Sky

# Vroom in the Night Sky

## Abstract

Vroom in the Night Sky (stylized as Vroom in the night sky) is an action game developed and published by Poisoft and released on March 3, 2017, in Europe and Japan, and on April 5, 2017, in North America for the Nintendo Switch.

It received universally negative reviews from critics, becoming one of the worst reviewed games for the platform and considered a "rushed launch title".

## Gameplay

The player is a magical girl who rides on a flying scooter and collects items called "Stardusts", while shooting missiles at giant circles in order to open a portal. The player can also earn Stardusts for doing "cool moves", which can be spent on new bikes.

## Plot

The player is named "Magical Girl Luna" and is attempting to open a portal known as the "Magical Gate". Other characters in the game include a flying creature and an evil witch.

## Reception

The game received an overwhelmingly negative reception, with an aggregate score of 17/100 on Metacritic, one of the lowest scores of the site.

Criticism targeted its controls, story and translation. Jed Whitaker of Destructoid rated the game 1/10, calling it a "steaming pile of shit", saying it was not only one of the worst games on the Switch, but one of the worst he had ever reviewed in his life. He called the controls "slippery" and "imprecise", and the story nonsensical due to its poor translation. He stated that he could not imagine "how or why" Nintendo would have approved the game for sale, calling it " shovelware ". Glen Fox of Pocket Gamer said that it was better to "go outside and read a book" than even attempt to play the game, calling it "truly awful" and the price "insulting". Casey Gibson of Nintendo World Report said that the game was "the epitome of a rushed launch title" and that "every Switch owner should pass on ".


Cyber Core

# Cyber Core

## Abstract

Cyber Core is a 1990 vertically scrolling shooter video game developed by Alfa System and published in Japan by Information Global Service (IGS) and in North America by NEC for the TurboGrafx-16. Set in the year 2269 where Earth has been overrun by an alien race known as Hyper Insects, the player controls a Chimera bio-fighter craft, piloted by the enforcer Rad Ralph (Kato Melange in the Japanese version) in order to fend off the invaders and reclaim the planet. Similar to Dragon Spirit, Ralph has a projectile weapon for destroying air-based enemies and a bomb for destroying ground-based enemies.

Co-headed by director Kenji Hisatomi and producer Kotoshi Yokoyama, Cyber Core was the first shoot 'em up title created by Alfa System, who would later work on future projects such as Down Load and the Shikigami no Shiro series. First released on the TurboGrafx-16, the game was ported to the X68000 by SPS, featuring improved visuals and audio, as well as a rebalanced difficulty. The X68000 conversion has since been re-released only in Japan for Microsoft Windows through D4 Enterprise 's Project EGG download service.

Cyber Core on the TurboGrafx-16 received mostly positive reception from critics, but the X68000 conversion was met with mixed reception; reviewers drew comparisons with Dragon Spirit due to its gameplay system but praise was given to its technical performance, visual presentation, sound, and fast-paced gameplay, but criticism was geared towards the repetitive action and enemy attack patterns, while many were divided in regards to its difficulty.

## Gameplay

Cyber Core is a science fiction-themed vertical-scrolling shoot 'em up game. The plot takes place in the year 2269, where Earth has been overrun by a cybernetic alien race called Hyper Insects. Their primary base is an underground mobile fort known only as the mothership. To fend off the Hyper Insects, Earth's defense forces create an insect-themed bio-jet in similar form to the enemy called the Chimera, which mutates the pilot into a humanoid insect upon use. This occurs to protagonist Rad Ralph (Kato Melange in the Japanese version), who has been assigned to attack the Hyper Insects and reclaim Earth.

The gameplay structure is similar to Xevious and Dragon Spirit; The player controls the Chimera through eight increasingly difficult stages over a constantly scrolling background, populated with an assortment of enemies and the scenery never stops moving until a boss is reached, which must be fought in order to progress further. The Chimera moves in eight directions and is equipped with two main weapons; a projectile weapon for air-based enemies and a bomb for ground-based enemies. The Chimera can mutate into four types of weapons by collecting their respective color eggs when shooting at the supply carrier.

Collecting three eggs in a row also grants the Chimera shield units to sustain enemy hits but this can also prove to be a risky proposition, however, as the Chimera's size is increased when more weapon eggs are collected. The Chimera can also acquire special egg types, which are dropped when firing at bosses or enemy formations, that grants additional abilities such as invincibility and a destruction egg capable of obliterating enemies and bullets on-screen. The Chimera is equipped with a speed setting, which can be increased or decreased across three levels by pressing its dedicated button. The title uses a checkpoint system in which the Chimera will start off at the beginning of the checkpoint the player managed to reach before dying. Getting hit by enemy fire reduces the Chimera's firepower and shield, which results in losing a live once the shields are depleted. The game is over once all lives are lost, though the player can use limited continues at the title screen to keep playing.

## Development and release

Cyber Core was the first shoot 'em up title created by Alfa System, who would later work on future projects such as Down Load and the Shikigami no Shiro series. Its development was co-led by director Kenji Hisatomi and producer Kotoshi Yokoyama. Sei Mochizuki and a member under the pseudonym "Bokegi!" served as co-programmers. The scenario was written by Syuichi Kouyama, while Kiyofumi Katō and Satoru Kubota acted as co-designers, in addition of Masashige Yumoto acting as illustrator. The soundtrack was co-composed by Masahiro Teramoto, who also created the game's sound effects, and Toshio Murai.

Cyber Core was first published in Japan by Information Global Service (IGS) on March 9, 1990, for the PC Engine and later in North America by NEC in May 1990 for the TurboGrafx-16. The game was ported to the X68000 by SPS on October 25, 1991, featuring improved visuals and audio, as well as a rebalanced difficulty. The original X68000 version has since been re-released in digital form for Microsoft Windows through D4 Enterprise 's Project EGG service on March 26, 2013.

## Reception

Cyber Core on the TurboGrafx-16 received mostly positive reception from critics, most of which reviewed it as an import title. However, public reception of the original PC Engine release was mixed; readers of PC Engine Fan voted to give the game a 19.26 out of 30 score, ranking at the number 378 spot in a poll, indicating a middling following. The X68000 conversion was also met with mixed reception from reviewers.

Famitsu ' s four reviewers drew comparisons with Dragon Spirit due to its gameplay system. However, they praised the game's sense of speed, as well as the insect character sprites for being quite attractive and slightly creepy but criticized the enemy attack patterns. Génération 4 ' s Philippe Querleux also felt that the title was similar to Dragon Spirit, but with mecha and insect characters. Regardless, Querleux expressed that "fans of the genre will not be disappointed" with Cyber Core. Aktueller Software Markt ' s Torsten Oppermann noted that the game borrowed ideas from Dragon Spirit as well, but stated that it stands out among the PC Engine library. Oppermann commended visuals, sound and addictive gameplay.

Joystick ' s Jean-Marc Demoly gave positive remarks to its animated graphics, sound and controls. Electronic Gaming Monthly ' s four reviewers criticized its repetitive action for not being varied as Blazing Lazers and lack of difficulty balance due to the overpowered weapons. Nevertheless, they gave positive commentary to the frantic gameplay, graphical presentation and large bosses. Power Play ' s Martin Gaksch praised Cyber Core for its technical performance, good visuals, enemy variety, sound and customizable gameplay. Gaksch also commended the game's adjustable difficulty system that changes the enemy's behavior based on how much items are collected, but noted that it "stole" ideas from both Dragon Spirit and Tiger-Heli.

VideoGames & Computer Entertainment ' s Clayton Walnum gave positive remarks to the vivid backgrounds, detailed insect sprites, music, interesting sound effects and fast-pacing but felt mixed in regards to the difficult playability. Takahashi Tetushi of Japanese magazine Oh!X gave the X68000 version a positive overview, commending its graphics and music. In contrast, Japanese publication Technopolis gave the X68000 port a mixed outlook. Hardcore Gaming 101 ' s Steven Barbato noted its Nausicaa of the Valley of the Wind -esque world and aesthetic, as well as the skill-based power-up system but criticized the game's difficulty for being occasionally unfair.


Narragansett, Rhode Island

# Narragansett, Rhode Island

## Abstract

Narragansett is a town in Washington County, Rhode Island, United States. The population was 14,532 at the 2020 census. However, during the summer months the town's population more than doubles to near 34,000. The town of Narragansett occupies a narrow strip of land running along the eastern bank of the Pettaquamscutt River (aka Narrow River) to the shore of Narragansett Bay on the Atlantic Ocean. It was separated from South Kingstown in 1888 and incorporated as a town in 1901. With several ocean beaches and a walkable strip along the ocean front, Narragansett is a resort area in the summer season as well as a popular East Coast surfing spot due to frequent southerly swells from Atlantic Ocean.

For geographic and demographic information on the village of Narragansett Pier, which is part of Narragansett, see the article on Narragansett Pier.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 37.8 square miles (98 km), of which, 14.1 square miles (37 km) of it is land and 23.6 square miles (61 km) of it (62.56%) is water.

The following villages and neighborhoods are wholly or partially located in Narragansett: Saunderstown (shared with North Kingstown), South Ferry, Bonnet Shores, Narragansett Pier, Point Judith, Galilee, Great Island, Salt Pond, Mettatuxet, and Jerusalem (shared with South Kingstown).

### Climate

Narragansett is located in the Köppen climate classification Cfa (mild temperate climate). The period from May through mid November is often warm to mild (occasionally hot in June, July, and August) with frequent sunny skies and modest rainfall. The cold season from December through March features cool to cold weather with high temperatures from 40 F (4.4 C) to 49 F (9.4 C). Normally snowfall is light and melts quickly due to the oceanic location. The area averages about 200 frost - free days annually. Narragansett averages 2300 hrs of sunshine annually (slightly higher than the USA average). Narragansett is located in USDA garden zone 7a/7b.

## Demographics

### 2020 census

The 2020 United States census counted 3,308 people, 1,596 households, and 954 families in Narragansett Pier. The population density was 927.4 per square mile (358.1/km). There were 2,310 housing units at an average density of 647.6 per square mile (250.0/km). The racial makeup was 92.08% (3,046) white or European American (91.54% non-Hispanic white), 1.03% (34) black or African-American, 0.48% (16) Native American or Alaska Native, 1.84% (61) Asian, 0.06% (2) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 0.94% (31) from other races, and 3.57% (118) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 2.0% (66) of the population.

Of the 1,596 households, 10.0% had children under the age of 18; 38.0% were married couples living together; 36.7% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 41.9% of households consisted of individuals and 20.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.0 and the average family size was 2.5. The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 42.3% of the population.

9.9% of the population was under the age of 18, 10.9% from 18 to 24, 15.4% from 25 to 44, 30.6% from 45 to 64, and 33.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 56.6 years. For every 100 females, the population had 110.6 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 113.2 males.

The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $79,056 (with a margin of error of +/- $16,106) and the median family income was $125,357 (+/- $25,707). Males had a median income of $52,738 (+/- $15,287) versus $20,882 (+/- $20,090) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $31,056 (+/- $18,353). Approximately, 8.2% of families and 17.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0.0% of those under the age of 18 and 8.0% of those ages 65 or over.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 16,361 people, 6,846 households, and 3,847 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,156.5 inhabitants per square mile (446.5/km). There were 9,159 housing units at an average density of 647.4 per square mile (250.0/km). The racial makeup of the town was 95.84% White, 0.75% African American, 0.90% Native American, 0.76% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.34% from other races, and 1.40% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.25% of the population.

There were 6,846 households, out of which 22.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.6% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 43.8% were non-families. Of all households 27.2% were made up of individuals, and 9.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.86.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 17.3% under the age of 18, 19.6% from 18 to 24, 25.0% from 25 to 44, 24.6% from 45 to 64, and 13.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.4 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $50,363, and the median income for a family was $67,571. Males had a median income of $45,436 versus $31,759 for females. The per capita income for the town was $28,194. About 4.9% of families and 16.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.4% of those under age 18 and 5.0% of those age 65 or over. In 2010, Narragansett was estimated to have 2,743 people in poverty; college students represented 71% of that group, and in comparison, statewide college students make up only 13.7 percent of the total population in poverty. This large college factor, in a relatively small community, has a profound impact on the overall poverty rate.

From September through May the town is home to many students from the University of Rhode Island located in nearby Kingston.

## Recreation

Narragansett is known for its summer recreation and beaches. Fishermen's Memorial State Park, located near Galilee, contains a former military fort (Fort Greene) and a campground.

Three beaches in Narragansett that are most famous are:

- Narragansett Town Beach is located in the center of Narragansett, though it charges a fee—whereas other local (state funded) beaches charge for parking only. Unlike state-funded beaches, it is self-sustaining and is not supported by the tax payers' money. There is a $10.00 charge to park ($15.00 on the weekends/holidays) and a daily $10.00 admission fee to enter onto the beach.

- Scarborough State Beach: The Scarborough Beach Complex comprises two separate areas, the North and South. Each has a pavilion, showers, 75 picnic tables, boardwalk and observation tower. There is a small fee for parking if a spot on nearby streets can not be found. Parking on nearby streets can result in vehicles being towed (especially during the summer months). This beach sits next to a local sewage treatment plant.

- Roger Wheeler State Beach and Salty Brine State Beach are both located in Point Judith, which is the southernmost point of Narragansett. Both beaches are protected by the breakwater that protects the port of Galilee. A new pavilion at Salty Brine State Beach opened in the summer of 2010, complete with concessions, and a wind turbine. The wind turbine was destroyed after a storm in March 2017.

## Education

Narragansett operates its own Pre-K through 12 educational system with three schools: Narragansett Elementary School, Narragansett Pier Middle School, and Narragansett High School. The Narragansett High School principal, Mr. Daniel F. Warner, was voted the 2008 Principal of the Year. The South County Museum is located within the town. The Narragansett Bay Campus of the University of Rhode Island is located in Narragansett.

## Housing

Narragansett has prohibited more than three college students from living together per housing unit.

## Water supply

The town is served by two drinking water organizations divided into four systems:

- The Town of Narragansett Water Division – which purchases its water from external sources: North End Suez – which purchases its water from Suez Water, a private company in South Kingstown with wells drawing from the Mink Brook Aquifer North End North Kingston – which purchases its water from Town of North Kingstown which has wells drawing from the Hunt Annaquatucket-Pettaquamscutt (HAP) aquifer system Point Judith – which purchases its water from Suez Water

- North End Suez – which purchases its water from Suez Water, a private company in South Kingstown with wells drawing from the Mink Brook Aquifer

- North End North Kingston – which purchases its water from Town of North Kingstown which has wells drawing from the Hunt Annaquatucket-Pettaquamscutt (HAP) aquifer system

- Point Judith – which purchases its water from Suez Water

- Suez Water also has direct retail customers in Narragansett.

## Economy

### Top employers

According to Narragansett's 2012 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are:

## Places of worship

- St. Thomas More Church (Roman Catholic)

- St. Veronica Chapel (Roman Catholic)

- St. Mary Star of the Sea Church (Roman Catholic)

- St. Peter By-the-Sea Church (Episcopal)

- Calvary Bible Church (Nondenominational)

- First Baptist Church of Narragansett

- South Ferry Church (Baptist, no regular services)

- Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Narragansett Ward

- Generation Church (nondenominational)

- Congregation Beth David (Jewish conservative)

## National Register of Historic Places

Thirteen different buildings and districts in Narragansett are listed on the National Register of Historic Places:

- Central Street Historic District

- The Dunes Club (1928)

- Druidsdream (1884)

- Dunmere (1883)

- Earlscourt Historic District

- Gardencourt (1888)

- Gladstone Springhouse and Bottling Plant (1899)

- Greene Inn (1887)

- Narragansett Baptist Church (1850)

- Narragansett Pier Life Saving Station (1888)

- Ocean Road Historic District

- Point Judith Lighthouse (1857)

- Towers Historic District

- The Towers (1883)

## Notable people

- Karen Adams, television news anchor

- Andy Boss, auto racing driver

- Geoff Boss, auto racing driver

- Peter Boss, auto racing driver

- John Joseph Boylan, Roman Catholic bishop; died in Narragansett

- Ruth Clifford, silent film actress; lived in Narragasnett

- David Caprio, attorney and former state representative

- Frank Caprio, judge and television personality

- Frank T. Caprio, former state treasurer

- Alana DiMario, member of the Rhode Island Senate

- Patrick Doyle, Domino’s Pizza CEO

- Roberta Dunbar, clubwoman, born Narragansett Pier

- Joe Faragalli, football player and coach; died in Narragansett

- Steven Fulop, current mayor of Jersey City, New Jersey

- John Gardner, farmer and Rhode Island delegate to the Continental Congress (1789)

- Harriet Lane, acting first lady of the United States for her uncle James Buchanan

- Donald Lally, former state representative

- Ted Leo, indie rock musician; lives in Narragansett

- J. Howard McGrath, former United States attorney general (1949–1952) and governor of Rhode Island (1941–1945); died in Narragansett

- Christopher Murney, actor

- Peter Pezzelli, novelist

- William Russell Sweet, painter and sculptor

- Tage Thompson, NHL Hockey player

- Jack Zilly, football player; died in Narragansett

## In popular culture

- Narragansett is mentioned in Chapter LI of Theodore Dreiser 's The Titan.

- Several episodes in the television cartoon show Family Guy, which takes place in Rhode Island, feature the Narragansett Beach, most notably A Fish out of Water.

- In the 1973 movie The Sting, the Narragansett horse race track is one of those mentioned in the background while performing the con for the mob boss Doyle Lonnegan (Robert Shaw); this track, while well known in the period, was actually in Pawtucket, RI.

- In the 1993 movie Coneheads, Prymatt Conehead, portrayed by Jane Curtin, receives a fake ID where it is mentioned she was born in Narragansett, RI.

- Several scenes from the 2000 movie Me, Myself & Irene, starring Jim Carrey, were filmed in the Great Island area of Narragansett.


Ulises Dávila

# Ulises Dávila

## Abstract

Ulises Alejandro Dávila Plascencia (born 13 April 1991) is a Mexican professional footballer who last played as an attacking midfielder for A-League club Macarthur FC.

## Club career

### Guadalajara

Born in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Dávila was champion with Guadalajara in the category 1990–91 in the National Youth Championship in July 2006, with a 1–0 win over Pachuca, where he scored the only goal. That same year, Chivas also won the Manchester United Premier Cup "Generation 1991", beating Arsenal by a score of 2-1. In the 2008–09 season, he was loaned to affiliate club Tapatio, scoring three goals in eighteen matches in the Primera División A.

He made his debut for Guadalajara in the Primera División on 29 August 2009, in a 2–2 draw against Pachuca. Dávila also featured in five matches in the Copa Libertadores tournament.

### Chelsea

On 27 August 2011, it was announced that Dávila had signed for English club Chelsea, signing a five-year contract, making him the first Mexican to sign with Chelsea.

#### Loan to Vitesse

On 30 August 2011, it was announced that Dávila joined Dutch football club Vitesse Arnhem on loan for the 2011–12 season. He was given the number 24 jersey. He made his club debut against Roda JC Kerkrade on 17 September 2011, with the game ending in a 5–0 win for Vitesse. Unlike his teammate from Chelsea, Tomáš Kalas, Dávila struggled to get into the starting XI and had been an unused substitute for a number of games. Playing for their reserve side, he had more success, scoring three goals in three games. On 19 February 2012, once again returned onto the bench against FC Twente but was an unused sub, the game ended in a 1–4 loss for Vitesse. On 28 April 2012, again returned onto the bench against Excelsior but again was an unused sub, the game ended in a 3–2 win for Vitesse. Dávila spent the majority of his time at Vitesse with the reserve squad.

#### Loan to Sabadell

On 13 July 2012 CE Sabadell announced that Dávila will join them on loan for the 2012–13 season. On 29 September 2012, Dávila scored his first league goal against Guadalajara, winning the game 2–1. On 18 November Dávila scored a brace against Recreativo de Huelva, and also hit the post almost scoring his first hat trick, Sabadell won the game 5–2 away.

#### Loan to Córdoba

On the last day of the 2013 Summer transfer window, Chelsea confirmed that Dávila was having a medical at Córdoba CF of the Spanish Segunda División. Later on that day he secured his deal on a season-long loan.

On 23 June, he scored an equaliser in injury time away to UD Las Palmas in the second leg of the play-off final, earning Córdoba's promotion to La Liga for the first time in 42 years.

#### Loan to Vitória Setubal

On 23 January 2015, Dávila ended his loan with Tenerife to join the Portuguese side on loan for the rest of the season. On 3 August 2015, it was announced that Dávila will remain with Vitória for the 2015–16 season.

### Santos Laguna

On 4 December 2015, Santos Laguna announced they had purchased Dávila from Chelsea and signed him to a three-year contract.

### Delhi Dynamos

In December 2018, Dávila signed with Indian Super League side Delhi Dynamos, and scored his only goal on 17 February 2019, against Bengaluru FC in a 3–2 win.

### Wellington Phoenix

In July 2019, Dávila signed with A-League side Wellington Phoenix on a two-year deal. Dávila secured a fourth goal in six starts with a goal from outside the box against Brisbane Roar on 23 November 2019. The goal proved vital in their 2–1 victory, Wellington's first win of the 2019–20 A-League season. Dávila helped the Phoenix to its best ever regular season finish, ending in third place for the League, before the team lost 0–1 to Perth Glory FC in their first game of the elimination finals. Dávila finished the season with 12 goals and five assists, winning the Johnny Warren Medal along with Miloš Ninković.

### Macarthur FC

On 17 May it was announced that Dávila had signed a three-year deal to join Macarthur FC for the 2021–22 season. On 6 November 2021, Dávila was announced as the captain for the 2021–22 A-League Men season. On 24 June 2024, the club announced that they agreed a mutual termination of contract with Dávila. At the same time, Dávila was arrested for allegedly being involved in match fixing.

## International career

### Youth

Dávila was part of the under-20 side that played the 2011 CONCACAF U-20 Championship, in which Mexico finished as champions. He also participated in the 2011 Toulon Tournament in France, where Mexico finished as fourth place losing to Italy in a penalty shoot-out. Dávila scored two goals during the 2011 Toulon Tournament, scoring against France and Hungary.

Dávila was part of the 20-man squad that participated in the 2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Colombia. Mexico would eventually finish third in the tournament by beating France 3–1, and he was able to score a goal against France.

### Senior

Dávila received his first call up to the senior national team to play the 2011 Copa América, to replace one of the five players that were suspended for having disciplinary problems in Quito, Ecuador. He did not play in any of Mexico's matches.

## Personal life

In March 2020, Dávila's wife Lily Pacheco gave birth to a son. Lily died on 30 May 2022.

## Match fixing scandal

On 17 May 2024, Dávila along with two Macarthur FC teammates, Kearyn Baccus and Clayton Lewis, were arrested by New South Wales Police Force over an alleged match fixing scandal.

## Honours

Santos Laguna

- Liga MX: Clausura 2018

Macarthur FC

- Australia Cup: 2022

Mexico U20

- CONCACAF U-20 Championship: 2011

Individual

- A-League Player of the Month: December 2019

- A-League PFA Team of the Season: 2019–20, 2020–21, 2021–22

- Johnny Warren Medal: 2020–21

- Mark Viduka Medal: 2022


Coryoon: Child of Dragon

# Coryoon: Child of Dragon

## Abstract

Coryoon is a side-scrolling shoot 'em up video game released in 1991 for the PC Engine by Naxat Soft.

## Gameplay

Coryoon is a side-scrolling shoot 'em up game.

## Development and release

Coryoon was released by Naxat Soft for the PC Engine.

## Reception

Coryoon was met with generally favorable reviews. It received a score of 22.26 out of 30 in a 1993 readers' poll conducted by PC Engine Fan, ranking among PC Engine titles at the number 149 spot.


Khayarmara

# Khayarmara

## Abstract

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Khayarmara is a village located in the Mahottari District of Nepal, within the Janakpur Zone. The village is part of Bardibas Municipality. Positioned around 7 kilometers north of the Mahendra Highway, Khayarmara connects with surrounding areas like Sindhuli to the north and Sarlahi to the west. The village is known for its accessibility through various means of transportation, including buses and motorbikes, with a central market serving the local population.

As of the 2021 census, Khayarmara had a population of approximately 8,502 people, with a relatively balanced gender ratio. The village has access to electricity, water, and communication services, supporting a small but vibrant community. Local education is supported by several government and private schools, providing education up to the 12th grade

## Place Name of Khayarmara (VDC)

- Banpat Chowk

- School Chowk

- Bajar Area

- Bhitrikhola

- Chodke

- 16 Number

- Damarbhangyang, Khayarmara

- 7 Number

- krishna chowk

- Tilbari

- Chodke

- Pathiparan

- Bhetneri

- Bayelbas

- Dobhan

- Pokhari Tole

## Education

In the education sector there are more than 7 government School. We can get education up to 12th grade.

## Government School

- Shree Laxmi Narayan Janta Higher Secondary School.

- Sahid Bishal Kumar MALGADIS.

- Bhetnery School.

- Chodke School.

- Bhangre School.

- Damarbhangyang School.

- Shree janta prathamic school.

## List of Private School

- Bright Star English School

- Mount Sita Buddha English School.

## Transportation

There is a gravel road (Under construction). From Khayarmara to Sindhuli. We can get many facility of transport. We can get Auto, Car, Jeep, Bus, Moterbike in every one hours.

## List of Bus Time Table


Keith Anderson

# Keith Anderson

## Abstract

Keith Anderson (born January 12, 1968) is an American country music singer. Before signing to a record deal, Anderson was one of several co-writers on "Beer Run (B Double E Double R-U-N)", a duet by Garth Brooks and George Jones, released in late 2001. Anderson was signed as a recording artist to Arista Nashville in 2004. His debut single " Pickin' Wildflowers " was released that year, as the lead-off track from his debut album Three Chord Country and American Rock & Roll. Counting "Pickin' Wildflowers", the album produced a total of four hit singles on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts, and was certified gold by the RIAA.

In addition to his own material, Anderson co-wrote Big & Rich 's single " Lost in This Moment ", a Number One hit on the country music charts in mid-2007. Anderson switched to the Columbia label in 2007, and his second album, C'mon!, was released on August 5, 2008. The second single from the album, " I Still Miss You ", became his first Top 5 country hit.

His latest release is a six-song EP album titled I'll Bring the Music; it was released May 12, 2015.

## Early life

While growing up in Miami, Oklahoma, he played sports during middle and high school, and began his music career by playing in a band at church. After graduating from high school, he attended Oklahoma State University, where he was a member of Delta Tau Delta fraternity. During his college career, he obtained a degree in engineering. He also played baseball during his college years, and was approached by the Kansas City Royals. After a shoulder injury ended his pursuit of a professional baseball career, Anderson tried bodybuilding and placed second in the Mr. Oklahoma competition.

## Career

After graduating, he accepted a position with an engineering firm in Dallas, Texas. A year and a half later, he resigned to pursue a career in music. He attended clubs at night, began writing songs, and began learning guitar from his brother, Brian.

In Dallas, he auditioned for Grapevine Opry, a show that had produced other country stars in the past. He performed on the show for three years, before performing at the Texas State Fair and Six Flags.

Due to financial difficulties, he was forced to find additional work, as a landscaper and as a personal trainer. He also enrolled in the physical therapy program at University of Texas. One month before starting, he decided to put his education on hold, and began producing his first CD. He said, "The month before I started, I thought, 'Wait a minute. This is going to be a whole bunch of commitment. If I'm ever going to do music, I need to go for it 100%. NOW. Physical therapy will always be there, and my engineering degree will always be there.'"

After recording his CD in Nashville, he began marketing it to radio stations. In 2000, he put together a band. His first hit as a songwriter came in 2001, when Garth Brooks and George Jones recorded "Beer Run (B Double E R-U-N)", which Anderson co-wrote with several other writers, including George Ducas. He opened for Montgomery Gentry in 2002, and performed at many events, where he earned his recording deal with Arista Nashville. Since then, he has written songs for Gretchen Wilson, as well as Big & Rich 's Number One single " Lost in This Moment ".

### 2004–2006: Three Chord Country and American Rock and Roll

In 2004, Anderson signed to Arista Nashville. His debut album, entitled Three Chord Country and American Rock & Roll, produced chart singles in " Pickin' Wildflowers ", " XXL ", and " Every Time I Hear Your Name ". After the latter, the title track was remixed by Mark Hudson with Aerosmith lead singer Steven Tyler as a guest vocalist. After it failed to chart, " Podunk " was released as the album's final single and peaked at number 34.

### 2007–2009: C'mon!

Anderson released a song called " Sunday Morning in America " in early 2007 as the lead-off single to a second album for Arista. This song peaked at No. 28, however, and the album was delayed. Later the same year, Anderson switched from Arista Nashville to Columbia Records Nashville. His first single for the label, " I Still Miss You ", was released in 2008 and became his third Top Ten hit. It was the lead-off single to his second album C'mon!, released in August 2008, and "Sunday Morning in America" was included on it, as well as his own rendition of "Lost in This Moment" and a cover of Foster & Lloyd 's " Crazy Over You ". The album's third single, "Somebody Needs a Hug", peaked at No. 46. The fourth single, "She Could've Been Mine", peaked at No. 56 in early 2009. Anderson parted ways with Columbia Nashville in October of that year.

### 2010–present: I'll Bring the Music

Since 2010, Anderson has recorded and released a few tracks, via his fan club on his official website. Those songs include "Wild Girls" and the underground hit "Your Town for Now". In May 2014, Anderson released the single "I'll Bring the Music" which received airplay on The Highway.

Anderson released a six-song EP album titled I'll Bring the Music on May 12, 2015, via iTunes and Amazon. He also released a full-length album of the same name available at his website and his shows in 2014.

## Personal life

Anderson married Lauren Woodruff in December 2010, after ten years of dating. They welcomed a daughter, Crozle J. Anderson, on October 5, 2011, and a son Jaxon born November 2013. Keith was divorced in 2017.

## Discography


Kweku Hanson

# Kweku Hanson

## Abstract

Kweku Joseph Hanson (born June 21, 1961, in Accra, Ghana) graduated with an AB from Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME in 1985 and Doctor of Jurisprudence (Juris Doctor, or JD, approximately equivalent to LLB) degree from University of Connecticut School of Law in 1988. He was subsequently disbarred as an attorney and immigration law practitioner due to numerous complaints involving unethical conduct, non-delivery of service, maladministration of client's funds, as well as his conviction on charges of sexual assault, child pornography and tampering with witnesses.

## Attempted class action lawsuit for distress caused by tire recall

In September 2000, he represented a West Hartford woman who sued Bridgestone/Firestone Inc. and the Ford Motor Co., seeking $60 million for the "humiliation, mental anguish and emotional distress" she had suffered while driving her Ford Explorer, which was equipped with recalled tires. Rhona Baugh-Seawright had been "panicky and scared" for the two months since she learned of the nationwide recall, according to Kweku J. Hanson, after filing the lawsuit in U.S. District Court in Hartford. "Her lawsuit does not seek any redress for personal injury due to an accident," he said.

## Class action lawsuit against Ocwen Federal FSB

In July 2002, Kweku Hanson initiated a class-action suit against Ocwen Federal FSB of West Palm Beach, Florida, where he was represented by fellow Connecticut attorney Paul Ngobeni. The 123-page lawsuit in Hanson v. Ocwen Federal Bank outlines a six-year running battle over late charges and fees.

"It is clear that this is a pattern and practice of sheer piracy," Mr. Hanson said in an interview. He was joined in the suit by 57 individuals who claimed to have been injured by Ocwen. The lawsuit sought $1.5 billion in punitive and exemplary damages, but was settled out of court for an undisclosed sum.

## South African Apartheid litigation

During 2003, he, along with Paul Ngobeni, his associate from the Ocwen class action suit, represented three plaintiffs who claimed to represent "all persons who lived in South Africa between 1948 and the present and who suffered damages as a result of apartheid." Punitive and compensatory damages in excess $400 billion were claimed from a "slew" of multinational corporations (including IBM, Citigroup, GE, DuPont and many others) that did business in apartheid South Africa for violations of international law subject to suit in United States federal district court under the Alien Tort Claims Act, 28 U.S.C. § 1350 ("ATCA"), and other jurisdictional provisions. Two other South African anti-apartheid lawsuits—the Khulumani et al., vs Barclays Bank et al., lawsuit; and the Ntsebeza vs Daimler Chrysler Corp lawsuit had previously been initiated separately during 2002. The Southern District Court of New York under Judge John E. Sprizzo found for defendants' motion to dismiss the complaint. That finding was partially vacated by the US Court of Appeal (Second Circuit) in an appeal first lodged in January 2006 and decided in October 2007 but by then Mr Hanson was no longer representing the claimants.

## Sexual assault, arrest, and conviction

On November 1, 2007, Hanson pleaded guilty to two counts of sexual assault in the second degree; two counts of risk of injury to a minor child; one charge of possession of child pornography in the first degree; and two counts of tampering with a witness. He received a total effective sentence of twenty-five years execution suspended after he served six years incarceration followed by thirty years of probation. Prior to his sentencing Hanson attempted to withdraw his "guilty" plea, claiming, in part, that he didn't understand the criminal charges lodged against him and the court had failed to adequately apprise him of the sentencing range related to those charges during a process known as plea canvassing.

The trial court judge denied his motion orally; later, the Appellate Court officially released a written opinion that upheld the decision.


The Evil Within (2017 film)

# The Evil Within (2017 film)

## Abstract

The Evil Within is a 2017 American horror film written and directed by Andrew Getty and starring Sean Patrick Flanery, Dina Meyer, Frederick Koehler, and Michael Berryman. It was originally titled The Storyteller. The film's conception and development were a personal project of Getty's, who largely self-financed it at an estimated cost of $4–6 million; production took fifteen years to complete. Following Getty's death in 2015, editing for the film was completed by producer Michael Luceri.

The film made its official premiere at the Fantasporto Film Festival on February 26, 2017, and was later acquired by Vision Films, who released it via Video on Demand on April 4, 2017. The Evil Within received mixed reviews from critics, who criticized the film's unevenness and dialogue while simultaneously commending it for its strangeness and Getty's devotion to the material.

## Plot

Dennis Peterson (Koehler) is a man with a development disability who has had nightmares all his life since he was a child, including one where he entered a carnival ride that seemed underwhelming. He is told that "the ride isn't over." As an adult, Dennis has a dream where a living demon, called "The Cadaver", fastens a zipper onto his back and enters his body. Also, in his dream, he finds a hidden room in the cellar that holds a full-length mirror that Dennis believes The Cadaver came from. The very next day, his brother, John (Flanery), presents him with an identical mirror as a gift. He begins speaking to his reflection, who seems to respond to him.

Meanwhile, John has difficulties of his own. His girlfriend, Lydia (Meyer), demands that they get married but is upset that he will not do anything about Dennis. He is visited by Mildy Torres (Darby), a woman from social services, who believes that Dennis needs to be taken away after receiving an anonymous phone call from someone accusing John of having trouble controlling his temper. This upsets John as he feels that Dennis is his responsibility. Dennis continues to have nightmares of The Cadaver, and his reflection informs him that in order to get rid of it, they need to start killing animals. Dennis discovers that the hidden room from his nightmare is real and begins to use the space to conduct unseen "projects". This perplexes John, especially when he sees that Dennis has rented videos on taxidermy. Dennis claims the videos are not his and were accidentally switched with another customer.

Dennis begins killing children at the behest of his reflection, who suddenly becomes a lot more articulate. He also reveals that he is the one who has been giving Dennis the nightmares and that they still have more killing to do, much to Dennis' horror. Dennis meets with his crush, Susan, an employee at his favorite ice cream place. He tries to ask her out, but the conversation gets awkward, and Susan turns him down, upsetting him. The Cadaver sends Dennis back to kill her, insisting that it is the only way to make her like him. Before he can do so however, she runs out into the street and is hit by a car, dying instantly. When John and Lydia take Dennis to his favorite restaurant, he spontaneously kills a man in the bathroom without hesitation, before coming to his senses and becoming appalled by his actions. Finally coming to the realization that his reflection is manipulating him for some sinister purpose, Dennis refuses to cooperate with it any longer. Enraged by this, it begins to mercilessly torment Dennis, creating illusions to frighten him as he struggles to stay awake. Eventually concluding there is no other way to stop The Cadaver, Dennis attempts to commit suicide by shooting himself with a gun he had hidden under his mattress. Just as he's about to pull the trigger, Dennis is stopped by his reflection who emerges from the mirror and pushes Dennis in, allowing him to take control of Dennis' body.

After a night out, John and Lydia discover they do not recognize anyone at places they regularly visit, implying that Dennis has killed most of the people in town. Mildy Torres arrives at the house with two police officers, but "Dennis" manages to kill them before he can be apprehended. While sitting at their favorite café, Lydia begins to question John, who finally reveals the truth: Dennis was a child prodigy whose works had been frequently published in the newspapers. One day during an argument, John punched Dennis, causing him to fall down the stairs. When Dennis awoke, his mental capabilities had become severely diminished. John has felt tremendously guilty about the incident ever since, motivating him to try to atone by caring for Dennis at the cost of his own happiness. Lydia sympathizes with John and accepts that if she and John get married, Dennis will always live with them. She leaves to get Dennis so that they can share the happy news over dinner. John's friend Pete sits nearby and reveals that the taxidermy tapes are indeed Dennis'. Realizing what Dennis has really been doing this whole time, John hurries home, instructing Pete to call the police.

Lydia arrives at the house, where she is fatally stabbed by Dennis. In the cellar, Dennis proceeds to mutilate Lydia's body and extract her organs. John arrives and enters the cellar, where he finds Dennis' gun and sits in a chair with a spotlight on it. Dennis appears with a now-stuffed Lydia and puts on a ventriloquist act, and John realizes he is glued to the chair. Dennis' other victims have all been stuffed and are used in an extravagant diorama revealing that when they were children, John felt overwhelming jealousy for all the attention Dennis received. One night, in a moment of extreme anger and resentment, he hit Dennis in the head with a baseball bat while he slept, causing severe brain damage. Afterward, John fabricated the story about Dennis falling down the stairs to cover up his violent act. As more stuffed bodies are revealed, it becomes unclear whether the things John is seeing are actually happening. Overwhelmed by the grotesque visions, John shoots himself. Dennis is suddenly slammed down by the Cadaver-Spider hybrid puppet he had constructed, but it's revealed that he is actually being restrained by police officers who drag him away.

The final scene shows Dennis in a padded room. It is revealed that The Cadaver is still in control while the real Dennis is trapped deep in his own subconscious, unable to escape. All Dennis can do now is wait to have the dream where he can finally "get off the carnival ride".

## Cast

- Frederick Koehler as Dennis Peterson

- Sean Patrick Flanery as John Peterson

- Dina Meyer as Lydia

- Michael Berryman as Cadaver

- Kim Darby as Mildy Torres

- Francis Guinan as Dr. Preston

- Brianna Brown as Susan

- Tim Bagley as Pete

- Matthew McGrory as Man at Preston's Table

## Production

The Evil Within was inspired by the childhood nightmares of Getty. According to a post-production producer who had worked on the film and a friend of Getty, Ryan Readenour: "When he was young he would have these really powerful, sick, twisted dreams, and so shocking to him that he didn't think they came from him." Getty conceived the idea that it could be a storyteller who created these dreams, and The Storyteller was then used as the first title of the film. In a supplementary interview on the DVD release, Getty also stated he was inspired by the David Berkowitz Son of Sam killings, in which Berkowitz said he was ordered to kill by a demon taking the form of a talking dog. Getty postulated, what if there really was a demon giving the serial killer orders.

Filming began in 2002, and the film was shot largely in Getty's own mansion. He also converted one of the rooms in his mansion into a post-production suite. He made his own unique camera rigs, built expensive sets, and with his FX team he created elaborate animatronic robots, including an octopus that can play a drum kit. The production however would stop and start over many years as it was beset with funding issues and conflicts with the cast, including a lawsuit from a studio assistant. The cast and crew also went through a number of changes, and according to Koehler, only he and Michael Berryman made it through to the changes.

This was the final film to feature Matthew McGrory who appeared in an uncredited cameo from footage shot before his death in 2005. The health conditions of both McGrory and Berryman (who had been ill for some years) had slowed down the production and scripted scenes had to be replaced.

Getty continued to work on the film for many years after the filming, creating his own special effects and trying to perfect the film. He died in 2015 before the film was finished, with the coloring and editing not completed. Producer Michael Luceri, who had also edited the film, finished the film.

## Release

The Evil Within made its official premiere at the Fantasporto Film Festival on February 26, 2017. It was later screened at the Dead by Dawn Horror Film Festival on April 20 that same year. Amsterdamned Film Festival on October 27. That same day the film was alternately screened at the Morbido Film Festival as a part of its "New Blood" section.

### Home media

The film was later acquired by Vision Films and released on April 4, 2017 on VOD services in North America such as Amazon under a new title, The Evil Within.

## Critical reception

The Evil Within received mixed reviews from critics, with many critics noting the unevenness of the film. However, on Rotten Tomatoes, the film received a 100% approval rating based on 6 reviews, and an average rating of 7/10. Most noted that in spite of its flaws, the movie succeeds in more ways than not. David Fontana of Film Inquiry thought that the film is "riddled with strange and unfocused plot-lines" and "filled with cringeworthy character acting", and that it "becomes so wrapped up in its own eccentricities that it is all but impossible to follow coherently". He nevertheless praised the film for its surreal visuals and special effects, and thought the "nuanced details" of the film "help to raise The Evil Within above its flaws", and that "it's hard to argue with that much devotion to this singularly distinguished work of art". Charles Bramesco of The Guardian considered the film "very clearly the handiwork of a rank amateur under the influence of powerful narcotics", but that "Getty’s monomaniacal drive and technical knowhow resulted in some truly outré horror", and that his "wild experiments with the form command respect". Travis Johnson of Filmink criticized the film's dialogue, and felt that there were "no discernible reasons for scenes and interactions to exist at all", but still judged it "one of most singularly strange films to come along in a good while" and that it is a "remarkable cinematic artifact that is absolutely worth experiencing".

Andrew Todd from Birth.Movies.Death. gave the film a mostly positive review, stating that the film was 'far more elaborately crafted than one would expect'. Todd further noted that the film's perceived "faults" were actually its strengths, comparing the film to Marcin Wrona 's final film Demon as "it's hard to watch without reading the director's psychological state and subsequent death into it." Andrew Marshall from Starburst Magazine rated the film a score of 7/10, while noting the film's "dubious" sub-plots and occasionally stilted dialogue, Marshall stated, " The Evil Within will not be for everyone, and as the years pass it's likely that the story of its prolonged production and tortured creator will become better known than the film itself, but one thing you can say for sure is that Andrew Getty has left his mark upon the world." Matt Boiselle from Dread Central awarded the film 3.5 out of 5 stars, writing, "Solid cast-work, a disquieting overall aura, and Matthew McGrory in one of his final on-screen appearances – it all adds up to a film that should be in your queue of midnight watches now."


2012 Puerto Rican general election

# 2012 Puerto Rican general election

## Abstract

General elections were held in Puerto Rico on Tuesday, November 6, 2012, to elect the officials of the Puerto Rican government that would serve for the next four years, most notably the Governor of Puerto Rico. A status referendum was held on the same date.

The gubernatorial elections were won by then-Senator Alejandro García Padilla from the Popular Democratic Party (PPD), who defeated incumbent governor Luis Fortuño from the New Progressive Party (PNP) in a close election. This election marked the second time in more than 40 years that six parties participated in the election, the first time in more than 60 years that a status referendum was held on the same day as the general election, and the first time in Puerto Rico that absentee ballots were issued for those who were out of the country on the day of the election. As of 2023, this was the most recent time a member of the Popular Democratic Party won the governorship of Puerto Rico, and the last time a Republican did so.

In the elections for Resident Commissioner, incumbent Pedro Pierluisi of the PNP (who caucused with the Democratic Party and who was first elected in 2008, narrowly won reelection for a second term. Pierluisi defeated his closest opponent, Rafael Cox Alomar of the PPD by almost 1.3%.

## Candidates

Before the election year, the constitution of Puerto Rico provides for any qualified person to present their candidacy for a specific position. If two or more candidates from the same party present their candidacy for the same position, and they can't reach an agreement within the party, a primary election is held. This election is held within the inscribed members of each party, to select which of the candidates will represent the party in the general election.

Both of the main parties, the PNP and PPD, held primaries for several positions on March 18, 2012.

### New Progressive Party (PNP)

The primaries were held on March 18, 2012, to determine several candidates for the Senate, House of Representatives, and others.

### Popular Democratic Party (PPD)

The primaries were held on March 18, 2012, to determine several candidates for the Senate, House of Representatives, and others.

### New Progressive Party

Incumbent Governor of Puerto Rico, Luis Fortuño, announced his candidacy for reelection in October 2011. Former Secretary of Health, Iván González Cancel, challenged him to a primary, but the court ruled it out.

### Popular Democratic Party

Current senator Alejandro García Padilla, announced his candidacy in March 2011.

### Puerto Rican Independence Party

Former Electoral Commissioner Juan Dalmau Ramírez, announced his candidacy for the Puerto Rican Independence Party. In January 2012, he presented his campaign staff and government program.

### Puerto Ricans for Puerto Rico

Rogelio Figueroa was the candidate for governor for the PPR party.

### Movimiento Unión Soberanista

The MUS had chosen Dr. Enrique Vázquez Quintana as candidate for governor. However, in August 2012, Vázquez Quintana withdrew from the candidacy. A week later, he was replaced by Attorney Arturo Hernández, who was formerly president of the Puerto Rico Bar Association. Hernández was already a candidate for the Senate of Puerto Rico.

### Working People's Party

Professor Rafael Bernabe was announced as the gubernatorial candidate for the PPT in June 2012.

### Resident Commissioner

The incumbent Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico Pedro Pierluisi, from the PNP, faced the following candidates for the position:

- Rafael Cox Alomar, Popular Democratic Party (PPD)

- Juan Mercado Nieves, Puerto Rican Independence Party (PIP)

- Sadiasept Guillont Juarbe, Puerto Ricans for Puerto Rico Party (PPR)

- María de Lourdes Guzmán, Movimiento Union Soberanista (MUS)

- Félix Córdova Iturregui, Working People's Party (PPT)

### Senate

#### At-large

The ballot featured seventeen (17) candidates from six different parties and one independent candidate (bold denotes incumbent candidates)

#### District

### House of Representatives

#### At-large

The ballot featured sixteen (16) candidates from six different parties and one independent candidate (bold denotes incumbent candidates)

## Campaign

The campaign of the main opposing party, the PPD, focused mostly on the problems of crime, unemployment, and high utility costs, attributing them to the failure of the incumbent governor, Luis Fortuño, from the PNP. The PNP, on the other hand, focused mostly on the lack of experience of the PPD candidate, Alejandro García Padilla.

The minority parties have directed their campaign at the inability of the main two parties to administer the country. The Puerto Ricans for Puerto Rico Party (PPR) attacked the alleged classism and social inequality of the current government, while the Working People's Party (PPT) advocated for a government more attuned to the working class.

### Debates

There were two official debates celebrated with all gubernatorial candidates. The first one was held on September 11, 2012, under the title of "Vota o Quédate Calla'o" ("Vote or Keep your Mouth Shut"). It was transmitted by the television network of Sistema Universitario Ana G. Méndez. The second debate was held on October 25, 2012, under the title of "El Gran Debate". This debate was transmitted by Telemundo and had the best TV ratings for the night with 18.7 and a 27.3% share.

## Results

### Governor

In the morning of November 7, 2012, Fortuño conceded the election to Alejandro García Padilla, just as the last votes were being counted. The margin of victory was 0.7% (or 11,049 votes) which would make it the second closest election in the island in the last 20 years. The candidates of the minority parties all received less than the required 3% to remain registered. Notably, Rogelio Figueroa (from the PPR) received only 0.4% of the vote after receiving 3% in the 2008 general elections.

### Resident commissioner

The incumbent Pedro Pierluisi from the PNP defeated the candidate from the PPD, Rafael Cox Alomar. Pierluisi managed to be reelected, despite the fact that his ballot partner, Governor Fortuño, lost against the PPD candidate. This would be the second time in the last 10 years where the governor and the resident commissioner came from different parties. The first one was after the 2004 elections where PPD candidate Aníbal Acevedo Vilá narrowly won the election, while Fortuño (PNP) was elected resident commissioner.

### Senate

The PPD won a majority of seats in the Senate of Puerto Rico, with a total of 18 out of 27. The PNP won a total of 8 seats, while the Puerto Rican Independence Party (PIP) won one seat. The PPD won the majority after two terms of being a minority. The election of a senator from the PIP also comes after one term with no senator seated. The PPD won six of the Puerto Rico Senatorial districts. The PNP won only two districts, despite winning all eight during the previous elections.

### House of Representatives

The PPD also won a majority of seats in the Puerto Rico House of Representatives, with a total of 28 out of 51. The PNP won a total of 23 seats. The other minority parties won no seats. Like with the Senate, the PPD won the majority after two terms of being a minority.

### Mayors

The PPD won a majority of the mayoralty races in the island, with a total of 46 out of 78 municipalities. The New Progressive Party (PNP) won a total of 31. One of the most notable races featured PPD candidate Carmen Yulín Cruz defeating incumbent Jorge Santini (PNP) for the mayoralty of the capital city of San Juan after 12 years in the seat.


Jason L. McCoy

# Jason L. McCoy

## Abstract

Jason L. McCoy is the former mayor of Vernon, Connecticut, and a trial lawyer. In 2009, McCoy was elected to his first term in 2007. McCoy was re-elected as mayor. He had served on the Vernon Town Council and was the deputy mayor of Vernon from 2005 to 2007. In 2009, McCoy was one of six mayors in Connecticut chosen by the Governor M. Jodi Rell to work closely with state officials and lawmakers to identify savings and recommend mandate relief to help close Connecticut's state budget shortfall. McCoy served as mayor of a municipality that holds town meetings to pass the mayor's yearly proposed municipal budget, which can then be sent to referendum for approval by privately cast ballot. During McCoy's two terms (four years) as mayor of Vernon he proposed and passed four municipal budgets. The Town of Vernon municipal budgets during McCoy's terms as mayor resulted in the municipal tax rate or mil rate needed to fund the municipal budget being reduced in the 2008–09, 2009–10 budgets, the 2010–11 tax rate or mil rate remained the same. In the 2011–12 budget the tax rate was cut which resulted in a taxes cut to the taxpayers in the Town of Vernon, Connecticut. The 2011–12 budget proposal was passed and adopted at the annual town meeting as opposed to being sent to referendum.

Mayor McCoy declined being placed in nomination at the Republican convention for the 2010 Connecticut attorney general election.

In the 2010 gubernatorial election, several Bridgeport polling places ran out of ballots. Based upon McCoy's observation of the election day election administration in Bridgeport, he was a vocal critic of Bridgeport's handling of unofficial ballots in the election between former United States Ambassador to Ireland Republican candidate Thomas C. Foley and former Stamford Mayor Dan Malloy.

In December 2010, McCoy advanced a policy proposal that was adopted by the Town Council and the Board of Education to consolidate management services for town and school board buildings and grounds under the municipal public works department to lower the overall cost of services, reduce duplication, and increase buying power for the benefit of Vernon taxpayers.

At the end of January 2011, after consulting with a structural engineer, McCoy declared a state of emergency in Vernon after winter storm Ella, which caused excess snow to accumulate on the 700,000 square feet (65,000 m) of municipal rooftops, placing the buildings in eminent danger of collapse. As a result of the declaration, McCoy made a formal request to Homeland Security for assistance from the National Guard, and was given authorization by the Governor to call the Connecticut National Guard into Vernon to assist municipal workers with snow removal from the municipal building roofs. The request by McCoy was the first of its type in Connecticut, triggering other municipalities to test their roofs resulting in shut downs of other municipal buildings in other municipalities due to roof failures for the protection of their citizens.

McCoy announced his candidacy to seek the office of U.S. Senate in the United States Senate election in Connecticut, 2012, an open seat being vacated by Connecticut U.S. Senator Joe Lieberman. The announcement was made on WFSB Face the State.

McCoy at the end of his second term as mayor of Vernon handled a natural disaster after an October 28, 2011, Nor'easter hit Connecticut leaving Vernon and many municipalities in Connecticut in the state of emergency where citizens were trapped in their homes by downed Connecticut Light and Power electrical lines entangled in trees and vegetation blocking state and municipal roads leaving citizens trapped without electrical service for 14 days. Connecticut Light and Power did not send crews to Vernon remove over 215 power lines blocking the state and local roadways in Vernon.

On February 8, 2012, the State of Connecticut Freedom of Information Commission found that the mayor and Town of Vernon respondents failed to prove that respondents performed "programming or formatting functions" within the meaning of §1-212(b)(1), G.S. because the respondents engaged in "search and retrieval" within the meaning of §1-212(b)(1) therefore respondents could not charge a fee of $950.00 for "programming or formatting functions" because it was only a search and retrieval function performed for a member of the public for copies of public records. Therefore, the statutorily-permitted fee for "search and retrieval," of the requested records is $0.00. The requestor had sought copies of all written or electronically transmitted correspondence sent to or from mayor staffer a recent college graduate according to a Hartford Courant article. The respondent had claimed to engage in programming-related functions in order to do the programming necessary to generate computer-stored documents responsive to the complainants' request as an "outside contractor" in fulfilling the FOI request, and could charge the requestor a fee for searching and retrieving records at his hourly attorney rate or the hourly rate as a mayor. The Connecticut General Statutes Sec. 1-212(b)(1), charging any fee for "searching or retrieving" is not permitted unless an "outside contractor" provides the agency with computer storage and retrieval services. It was concluded that under the FOI Act, the respondent was not permitted to charge the private hourly rate or the hourly pay for the mayor's position for the search and retrieval that was done. Rather, the respondent was permitted to charge only the maximum permissible fee of fifty cents per page as set forth in §1-212(a).

During his tenure as mayor, Attorney Jason L. McCoy continued the practice of law as a lawyer trying jury trials to verdict McCoy is a member of American Association for Justice and the Connecticut Trial Lawyers Association Board of Governors. He has published written material and presented the material to lawyers in Connecticut and nationally. McCoy has published written material entitled "Bringing a Gun Shot Case—Pitfalls and Insurance" at the American Association for Justice annual convention in Boston Massachusetts. Attorney Jason L. McCoy was the Moderator on Monday, February 20, 2006 at Association of Trial Lawyers of America (ATLA) Winter Convention, in Honolulu, Track II "Keeping Our Roads Safe: Litigating Motor Vehicle and Interstate Trucking Cases". Attorney Jason L. McCoy was the co-chairman of "Making a Federal Case of It: Feeling Confident in Federal Court, Connecticut Civil Justice Foundation, May 18, 2007" where he published written material and presented "Deposition, Documents & Discovery at Trial", on November 29, 2007 for the National Business Institute Continuing Legal Education for Professionals seminar related to Personal Injury Cases in Hartford Connecticut he presented at the "Calculating and Proving Damages" seminar on his written material "Working With Economic On Damages", he co-chaired "Responding to Legal Emergencies" for the Connecticut Civil Justice Foundation on October 13, 2006, where he published written material and presented "Notice Requirements: Don't Get Caught Short!", he presented "Focus Groups You CAN Afford" where he presented written material and clips of footage from some of the focus groups on April 25, 2005 to the Connecticut Civil Justice Foundation at the Spring Dinner, and on October 23, 2009 at the Annual Legal Support Staff seminar he published written material and presented on the use of "Vendors and Tools That Streamline and Help Litigation".