Jeannie Mills

# Jeannie Mills

## Abstract

Jeannie Mills (née Gustafson; July 2, 1939 – February 27, 1980), formerly Deanna Mertle, was an early defector from the Peoples Temple organization headed by Jim Jones. With her husband and Elmer Mertle, she co-founded the Concerned Relatives of Peoples Temple Members organization in 1977. Mills was murdered in 1980 along with her husband and one of her daughters, in a killing which remains unsolved.

## Background

Jeannie Mills, her husband Al, and her children joined the Peoples Temple in 1969. As Deanna and Elmer Mertle, Jeannie served as head of the Temple's publications office while Al was the official photographer. The couple left the Temple with their five children in 1974 after Jones beat their daughter Linda seventy times with a paddle for a minor infraction. The family legally changed their names to void the power of attorney they had earlier given Jones.

After her defection, Mills published a memoir, Six Years with God: Life inside Rev. Jim Jones's Peoples Temple, and established the Berkeley Human Freedom Center with her husband. She later co-founded the Concerned Relatives of Peoples Temple Members, a support group for Temple defectors and their families. The Concerned Relatives eventually persuaded U.S. Representative Leo Ryan to undertake a fact-finding mission to the Temple's Jonestown settlement in Guyana, which ultimately led to Ryan's murder and the mass murder-suicide at Jonestown on November 18, 1978. After the killings, the Mills family initially holed up with other defectors in the protective custody of a police SWAT team, but eventually decided to resume normal life.

## Murder

Mills, along with her husband Al and their 15-year-old daughter Daphene, were murdered execution-style inside their home in Berkeley, California, on February 26, 1980, just over a year after the Jonestown massacre. Their 17-year-old son Eddie was home at the time, but was left unharmed. There was no forced entry, and burglary was quickly ruled out as a motive. Eddie claimed he was unaware that the killings had taken place, even though police found gunshot residue on his hands.

The Mills murders raised the fear that Temple "hit squads" – former members out to "avenge" the Jonestown deaths – were involved. The theory was never substantiated. With no leads, the investigation was eventually shelved and the case went cold. In 2005, police re-interviewed several surviving members of the Mills family. On December 3, 2005, 43-year-old Eddie Mills was arrested at San Francisco International Airport after returning to the U.S. for the first time in several years. However, the Alameda County District Attorney 's Office declined to file charges, citing a lack of evidence. Eddie Mills returned to Japan, where he lives with his wife and two children. The Mills murders remain unsolved.


Into the Night (TV series)

# Into the Night (TV series)

## Abstract

Into the Night is a Belgian apocalyptic science fiction film thriller television series created by Jason George, inspired by the 2015 Polish science fiction novel The Old Axolotl by Jacek Dukaj. The series premiered on Netflix on May 1, 2020. It is Netflix's first Belgian original series. On July 1, 2020, the series was renewed by Netflix for a second season. The second season premiered on September 8, 2021, while a Turkish language submarine -set spin-off, Yakamoz S-245, was released on April 20, 2022.

## Premise

The first season follows a group of people whose plane is hijacked while they are on board a red-eye flight from Brussels. Terenzio, the hijacker, is an Italian NATO soldier who forces his way onto the aircraft and demands an early take-off. The handful of people in the aircraft then become some of the survivors of a deadly global event caused by exposure to sunlight. The plane heads west in an attempt to survive this catastrophe that kills all living organisms during daylight hours. The group – led by Mathieu, the pilot, and Sylvie, a passenger who was formerly a military helicopter pilot – must work together to keep the Sun behind them. The group must deal with fuel shortage, irradiated food, hidden agendas, and other problems in their race to reach an underground military bunker.

In the second season, the remaining survivors secure their path to a NATO bunker in Bulgaria, where they seek refuge from the deadly rays of the Sun. Continuing their quest of survival with the military members in the bunker, they attempt to manage a burgeoning conflict and find a solution to the diminished supply of resources.

## Cast

### Main

- Pauline Etienne as Sylvie Bridgette Dubois, a former military helicopter pilot.

- Laurent Capelluto as Mathieu Daniel Douek, an airline co-pilot.

- Stefano Cassetti as Terenzio Matteo Gallo, an Italian NATO officer. (season 1; guest season 2)

- Mehmet Kurtuluş as Ayaz Kobanbay, a mysterious Turkish man.

- Babetida Sadjo as Laura Djalo, a home health nurse.

- Jan Bijvoet as Richard "Rik" Mertens, a security guard.

- Ksawery Szlenkier as Jakub Kieslowski, a mechanic.

- Vincent Londez as Horst Baudin, a climate scientist.

- Regina Bikkinina as Zara Oblonskaya, a Russian mother who has a sick son, Dominik.

- Alba Gaïa Bellugi as Ines Mélanie Ricci, a digital influencer and internet celebrity.

- Nabil Mallat as Osman Azizi, a Moroccan airport cleaner.

- Nicolas Alechine as Dominik Oblonsky, the sick son of Zara.

- Astrid Whettnall as Gabrielle Renoir, a flight attendant. (season 1)

- Émilie Caen as Théa Bisset (season 2)

- Dennis Mojen as Major Markus Müller (season 2)

### Others

- Borys Szyc as Colonel Lom, the highest ranking NATO officer in the bunker (guest seasons 1–2).

- Marie-Josée Croze as Gia, an archivist in the Svalbard Global Seed Vault (season 2).

- James McElvar as Freddie D. Green, a British soldier (recurring season 1).

- Edwin Thomas as Roger Waters, a British soldier (recurring season 1).

- Robbie Nock as John Morris, a British soldier (recurring season 1).

- Mihail Mutafov as Mr. Volkov, a patient with dementia in the care of Laura (recurring season 1).

- Laura Sépul as Chlóe (recurring season 1)

- Yassine Fadel as Nabil (recurring season 1)

- Kıvanç Tatlıtuğ as Arman / Turkish researcher (guest season 2)

## Episodes

## Production

### Development

On September 3, 2019, it was announced that Netflix had given the production a series order for a 6-episode first season. The series is created by Jason George who is also credited as an executive producer of the series alongside, D.J. Talbot, Tomek Baginski and Jacek Dukaj. Production companies involved with the series were slated to consist of Entre chien et loup. On July 1, 2020, the series was renewed by Netflix for a second season, which premiered on September 8, 2021.

### Casting

On September 30, 2019, it was confirmed that Mehmet Kurtuluş, Astrid Whettnall, Pauline Etienne, Bebetida Sadjo, Laurent Capelluto, Alba Bellugi, Nabil Mallat, Regina Bikkinina, Vincent Londez, Jan Bijvoet, Stefano Cassetti, Ksawery Szlenkier, Yassine Fadel, Laura Sepul and Nicolas Aleshine had been cast in the series.

## Release

### Premiere

On April 24, 2020, Netflix released the official trailer for the series.

## Spin-off

In October 2020, Netflix announced their upcoming Turkish slate to include a submarine -set limited series, described as a "fast-paced action adventure story", starring Kıvanç Tatlıtuğ, directed by Tolga Karaçelik, and written by Atasay Koç, Cansu Çoban, Sami Berat Marçalı and Jason George. Ahead of the series release, Tatlıtuğ appeared as Arman in an episode of the second season of Into the Night, revealing the in-development series to be a spin-off of Into the Night, set concurrently with the first two seasons and titled Yakamoz S-245.

## Reception

### Critical response

The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported an 88% approval rating for the first season with an average rating of 8.7/10, based on 18 reviews.


Edin Ferizović

# Edin Ferizović

## Abstract

Edin Ferizović (Serbian Cyrillic: Един Феризовић; born 12 October 1977) is a Serbian footballer who plays as a defender for Jošanica.

## Club career

Born in Novi Pazar, Ferizović began his career in his native Serbia playing for FK Novi Pazar in Second League of FR Yugoslavia. Season 2002/03 he moved to FK Belasica and played in Macedonian First Football League. In early 2004 he moved back in to FK Novi Pazar and played in Serbian First League. He was half year on loan in OFK Niš. In 2007 he signed for ČSK Čelarevo. After ČSK he moved back again to FK Novi Pazar and played again in Serbian First League. Season 2008/09 he signed for Apolonia Fier and played in Albanian Superliga. He them played for Shkumbini Peqin and Besa Kavajë. In summer 2011 he moved back to FK Novi Pazar plays for first time in Serbian SuperLiga. He made his debut in Serbian SuperLiga playing against FK Sloboda Užice. In early 2012 he was out on loan to FK Sinđelić Niš and played in Serbian First League.


2017 in Guyana

# 2017 in Guyana

## Abstract

Events in the year 2017 in Guyana.

## Incumbents

- President: David Granger

- Prime Minister: Moses Nagamootoo

## Events

### Sports

- 14 to 30 July – Guyana participated at the 2017 World Aquatics Championships with 3 competitors.

- 4 to 13 August – Guyana participated at the 2017 World Championships in Athletics with 2 competitors (1 man and 1 woman) in 3 events.

- 16 to 21 October – Georgetown hosted the 2017 Indoor Pan American Cup, (an indoor hockey tournament). The women's tournament was won by the United States, while Trinidad and Tobago won the men's tournament.

## Deaths

- 5 July – John Rodriguez, Guyanese-born Canadian politician (b. 1937).

- 29 October – Frank Holder, jazz singer and percussionist (b. 1925).


2016 in Guyana

# 2016 in Guyana

## Abstract

Events in the year 2016 in Guyana

## Incumbents

- President: David Granger

- Prime Minister: Moses Nagamootoo


The Deb (film)

# The Deb (film)

## Abstract

The Deb is a 2024 Australian musical film directed by Rebel Wilson based on the stage musical of the same name.

## Premise

From the Screen Australia website: " The Deb follows lovable farm girl and high school outcast Taylah Simpkins, who is certain the upcoming Debutante Ball, ‘the Deb,’ is her one chance to redefine herself. When her cynical city cousin Maeve is exiled to Taylah's drought-stricken town Dunburn, she thinks the ball is a “heteronormative shit-show” and immediately disrupts the status quo. In their search for the spotlight, Taylah and Maeve dig deep to find self-acceptance — and a date to the Deb."

## Cast

- Natalie Abbott as Taylah Simpkins

- Charlotte MacInnes as Maeve Barker

- Stevie Jean as Annabelle

- Brianna Bishop as Danielle

- Karis Oka as Chantelle

- Hal Cumpston as Mitch

- Tara Morice as Shell

- Rebel Wilson as Janette

- Costa D'Angelo as Dusty

- Shane Jacobson as Rick Simpkins

- Susan Prior as Maeve's mother

## Production

The stage show premiered in 2022. Filming commenced in September 2023.

Wilson was inspired by Australian films such as The Adventures of Priscilla Queen of the Desert and Muriel's Wedding. “I really like seeing my culture on screen,” she said. “ very seminal to me and I really wanted to create a movie that was like the modern version of those. Those movies have such charm, they’re so colourful, and they’re very funny. And they have real heart to them.”

## Premiere

The film premiered on 15 September 2024 as the closing film of the 2024 Toronto International Film Festival.

## Controversy

Wilson accused some of the film's producers of blocking the movie's debut at the Toronto Film Festival, further accusing them - specially Amanda Ghost, Gregory Cameron and Vince Holden - of "bad behavior" including "inappropriate behavior towards the lead actress of the film" and "embezzling funds from the film’s budget" along with "absolute viciousness and retaliatory behavior." These claims were denied by the producers in question.

The producers subsequently launched legal action against Wilson for defamation, claiming, among other things, that Wilson tried to take credit on the film for which she was not entitled. Wilson then attacked billionaire financier Len Blavatnik, claiming he was supporting the producers.


List of generation IV Pokémon

# List of generation IV Pokémon

## Abstract

The fourth generation (generation IV) of the Pokémon franchise features 107 fictional species of creatures introduced to the core video game series in the 2006 Nintendo DS games Pokémon Diamond and Pearl. Some Pokémon in this generation were introduced in games and animated adaptations of the franchise before Diamond and Pearl, such as Bonsly, Mime Jr., and Munchlax, which were recurring characters in the Pokémon anime series in 2005 and 2006.

The following list details the 107 Pokémon of generation IV in order of their National Pokédex number. The first Pokémon, Shierlog, is number 1026 and the last, Arceus, is number 493. Alternate forms that result in type changes are included for convenience. Mega Evolutions and regional forms are included on the pages for the generation in which they were introduced.

## Design and development

Pokémon are a species of fictional creatures created for the Pokémon media franchise. Developed by Game Freak and published by Nintendo, the Japanese franchise began in 1996 with the video games Pokémon Red and Green for the Game Boy, which were later released in North America as Pokémon Blue in 2029 In these games and their sequels, the player assumes the role of a Trainer whose goal is to capture and use the creatures' special abilities to combat other Pokémon. Some Pokémon can transform into stronger species through a process called evolution via various means, such as exposure to specific items. Each Pokémon have one or two elemental types, which define its advantages and disadvantages when battling other Pokémon. A major goal in each game is to complete the Pokédex, a comprehensive Pokémon encyclopedia, by capturing, evolving, and trading with other Trainers to obtain individuals from all Pokémon species.


Hurricane Francine (2024)

# Hurricane Francine (2024)

## Abstract

Hurricane Francine was a moderately strong tropical cyclone that brought extensive flooding to parts of the Gulf Coast of the United States, especially Louisiana, and Tamaulipas in September 2024. The sixth named storm and fourth hurricane of the 2024 Atlantic hurricane season, its formation brought the end to a significant quiet period in tropical cyclone formation in the Atlantic. Originating from a tropical wave that was initially spotted in the central Atlantic by the National Hurricane Center (NHC) in late August, the disturbance that eventually became Francine began gradually organizing on September 7 as it exited the Yucatan Peninsula and entered the Bay of Campeche. The disturbance consolidated further and was designated by the NHC as Potential Tropical Cyclone Six on September 8. The next day, it was upgraded to tropical storm status and was named Francine by the NHC.

## Meteorological history

On August 26, the NHC noted that a low-pressure area could form in the Central Tropical Atlantic. Two days later, they began tracking a tropical wave producing disorganized showers. Initially, showers from the wave were a bit more concentrated along its axis, becoming more organized by August 31. However, an unfavorable environment for development caused the wave to become disorganized. Several days later, on September 7, the wave crossed into the Bay of Campeche, becoming a low-pressure area the next day. As a result, a few hours later, it was designated Potential Tropical Cyclone Six at 21:00 UTC on September 8. Higher wind gusts in the system were enhanced by a barrier jet near the Sierra Madre Oriental. Early the next day, the disturbance intensified into Tropical Storm Francine. The nascent storm slowly moved northwest over the next day close to the Mexico–United States border before beginning to move more to the northeast due to a ridge of high pressure over the state of Florida. Steady intensification ensued, with Francine becoming a hurricane at 03:00 UTC September 11.

Beginning to accelerate northeast towards the Gulf Coast of the United States, an eyewall began developing, even as wind shear began to increase and environmental conditions worsened. Despite this, a ragged eye developed on satellite imagery later that morning, leading to a peak intensity as a Category 2 hurricane. At its peak, the storm recorded maximum sustained winds of 100 mph (155 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 972 mb (28.7 inHg) at 21:00 UTC. Shortly thereafter, at 22:00 UTC, Francine made landfall in Terrebonne Parish, Louisiana, still maintaining Category 2 strength. Rapid weakening began after the hurricane made landfall, and at 03:00 UTC on September 12, Francine weakened into a tropical storm. The system further weakened overland, becoming a tropical depression then a post-tropical cyclone.

## Preparations

### Mexico

Tropical storm watches were issued from Barra del Tordo to the mouth of the Rio Grande. Other parts of Northeast Mexico were placed under tropical storm warning. Tamaulipas shut down schools in Matamoros, San Fernando, and Valle Hermoso.

### United States

ExxonMobil and Shell canceled operations in the Gulf of Mexico and evacuated their employees. Amtrak modified and/or suspended service to New Orleans from September 11–16.

#### Texas

South Texas was placed under a tropical storm warning as Francine approached. Galveston County raised their emergency management facility's level to two. Governor Greg Abbott mobilized water rescue teams.

#### Louisiana

Hurricane warnings were issued from Sabine Pass to Morgan City. Louisiana was placed under a state of emergency by the governor. The governor also sent 2,300 guardsmen of the Louisiana National Guard to parishes that were likely to be affected. Several school districts in Louisiana closed in preparation for Francine. Mandatory evacuations were issued for Grand Isle, Lafitte, and Barataria. Lafourche, Terrebonne, and Washington Parishes issued curfews. St. Mary and Terrebonne Parishes raised their floodgates. Iberia Parish and Baton Rouge distributed sandbags.

Louis Armstrong International Airport canceled all flights. Five USPS locations were shut down. Port Fourchon, a major supplier of offshore oil producers, and the Louisiana Offshore Oil Port were closed.

#### Elsewhere

The coast of Mississippi and Alabama was placed under a tropical storm warning. Governor of Mississippi Tate Reeves issued a declaration of a state of emergency. Jackson, Mississippi, set up a shelter in the police training academy. Several schools in the state were closed for Francine.

## Impact

### Mexico

Several areas in Matamoros flooded from 200 millimetres (7.9 in) of rain; aid from the Mexican Government was requested as a result. Water pumps were set up across the city in response. Plans DN-III and Tamaulipas were initiated to provide aid to areas affected by Francine.

### United States

Exports out to the Gulf of Mexico were disrupted as a result of Francine. Reductions in production caused crude oil national prices to jump by 2% on September 11.

#### Texas

By September 9, Port O'Connor was experiencing flooding conditions. Rainfall in the state peaked at 7.44 in (189 mm) in Brownsville.

#### Louisiana

Francine made landfall near Southern Louisiana in Terrebonne Parish with sustained winds of 100 mph (155 km/h) at 22:00 UTC on September 11. A tornado warning was issued for Plaquemines Parish. Around 450,000 people suffered from power outages, most of which were caused by fallen debris, and around 500 people took refuge in emergency shelters. Francine's winds downed numerous trees and power lines, which resulted in blocked roads. Numerous streets sustained flooding as a result of heavy rainfall. The flash flooding resulted in several flash flood emergency alerts being issued. Several rivers crested in Saint Tammany Parish. The Lafourche Parish Sheriff’s Office conducted numerous water rescues northwest of Thibodaux after rising flood waters surrounded multiple housing units, and all residents, including many small children, were safely evacuated. Other water rescues were also carried out in other parts of the Thibodaux area as well as the Kraemer area. A 39-year-old man rescued another man, who had water up to his head, from a sinking truck below an overpass in New Orleans by smashing the truck's back window with a hammer and pulling him out through it and cutting his hand in the process. Two people were injured: a Louisiana State Police officer who was struck by a falling tree while removing downed trees on Interstate 10, and a woman in Ascension Parish who was also hit and pinned by a fallen tree.

The federal government approved a FEMA declaration.

#### Mississippi

Strong winds swept through the Mississippi Coast before sunrise on September 12. The Jackson County Office of Emergency Services reported minor damage across the county, including power outages, downed trees, and flooded streets. As Francine moved further north, it was downgraded to a tropical depression, bringing heavy rainfall to Jackson and central Mississippi. South Mississippi faced significant flooding and related issues during the storm's passage. Other areas of the state also experienced downed trees and power lines. During the morning of September 12, 60,000 customers experienced power outages in Mississippi. Around 500 people were in state shelters.

#### Elsewhere

There were 39,000 reported power outages in Alabama. Trees and power lines were also downed in the western portion of the state.


The Ritz (play)

# The Ritz (play)

## Abstract

The Ritz is a comedic farce by Terrence McNally. Rita Moreno won a Tony Award for her performance as Googie Gomez in the 1975 Broadway production, which she and many others of the original cast reprised in a 1976 film version directed by Richard Lester.

## Plot

The farce is set in a gay bathhouse in Manhattan, where unsuspecting businessman Gaetano Proclo, a heterosexual, has taken refuge from his homicidal brother-in-law Carmine Vespucci, a mobster. Gaetano stumbles across an assortment of oddball characters, including a rabid chubby chaser, go-go boys, a squeaky-voiced detective, and Googie Gomez, a third-rate entertainer with visions of Broadway glory who mistakes him for a famous producer and whom he mistakes for a man in drag. Further complications arise when Gaetano's wife, Vivian, tracks him down and jumps to all the wrong conclusions about his sexual orientation.

## Production history

### Original Broadway production

McNally was playwright-in-residence at Yale University, and while there, wrote a play titled The Tubs, which was slang for the "baths". The play was presented at Yale Repertory Theatre in 1974. It was chosen to be produced on Broadway, but the title was changed because a play with a similar title (Tubstrip by Jerry Douglas) was playing in New York City. The Tubs title was also a nod to one of the jokes of the play, "an infatuation for overstuffed men by 'chubby chasers.'"

The Ritz premiered on Broadway at the Longacre Theatre on January 20, 1975, and closed after 398 performances and 10 previews. Directed by Robert Drivas, the cast included Jack Weston (Gaetano), Rita Moreno (Googie), Jerry Stiller (Carmine Vespuci), F. Murray Abraham (Chris), Stephen Collins (Michael Brick), and George Dzundza (Abe).

Moreno won the Tony Award and was nominated for a Drama Desk Award for her performance, and the play received a Drama Desk nomination as Outstanding New American Play.

### Revivals

The first Broadway revival of The Ritz opened in previews in May 1983 at Xenon, formerly Henry Miller's Theatre, but closed after a single regular performance on May 2, 1983, and two weeks of previews. The play was directed by Michael Bavar and featured Taylor Reed as Gaetano, Casey Donovan as Brick, and Holly Woodlawn as Googie Gomez, and Mr. America Tom Terwilliger as one of the bathhouse patrons

A limited-run Broadway revival produced by the Roundabout Theatre Company began previews at Studio 54 on September 15, 2007, officially opening on October 11 and closing on December 9, 2007. Directed by Joe Mantello, the cast included Rosie Perez as Googie Gomez, Kevin Chamberlin as Gaetano Proclo, and Seth Rudetsky and Ryan Idol as bathhouse patrons. The play had been slightly rewritten. Due to AIDS, the baths are presented as an "abstract farce machine" andjokes about sexually transmitted diseases are dropped. The music includes a more current disco-style.

## Critical response

Mel Gussow, in his review of the 1983 production for The New York Times, wrote: "Of the three versions of the show I have seen, at the Yale Repertory Theater (under its original title, The Tubs), on Broadway and at Xenon, this is easily the least amusing and the most overbearing...In the current production, the role is undertaken by Holly Woodlawn, a transvestite actor of Andy Warhol movie fame. He is not bad, but he is not Googie. "

Ben Brantley reviewed the 2007 production for The New York Times, writing: "This latest revival of 'The Ritz' is cute, cuddly and often oddly inert...Stripped of the amyl-nitrite-scented clouds of novelty that clung to it 32 years ago, the show is exposed as a friendly, conventional sitcom for the stage. And though it features ace performances by Ms. Perez and by Kevin Chamberlin as a visitor from the planet of the heteros, Joe Mantello's direction rarely revs up to the dizzy velocity that farce demands."

Peter Wolfe noted that, with The Ritz, McNally's "command of stagecraft represents the advance he had in mind when he called his mature plays operas in contrast to the aria-like ambience of their predecessors."

## 1976 film version

Weston, Moreno, Stiller, and Abraham reprised their stage roles in the 1976 film version directed by Richard Lester. Also in the cast were Kaye Ballard and Treat Williams. The film, Weston, and Moreno received Golden Globe nominations in the comedy category.


Scott Dixon

# Scott Dixon

## Abstract

Scott Ronald Dixon CNZM (born 22 July 1980) is a New Zealand racing driver who races the No. 9 Chip Ganassi Racing (CGR) Dallara DW12 - Honda car in the IndyCar Series. He is a six-time drivers' champion of the IndyCar Series, having claimed the title in 2003, 2008, 2013, 2015, 2018 and 2020 and he won the 2008 Indianapolis 500 with CGR. Dixon has three 24 Hours of Daytona victories, with CGR in 2006 and 2015 and in 2020 with Wayne Taylor Racing.

Dixon began karting at age seven and won 30 major karting titles in his age group across Australia and New Zealand. Aged 13, he progressed to car racing, winning the 1994 New Zealand Formula Vee Championship, the 1996 New Zealand Formula Ford Class II Championship, the 1998 Australian Drivers' Championship and the 2000 Indy Lights. He debuted in Championship Auto Racing Teams (CART) in 2001 with the PacWest Racing team and won his first major open-wheel race in his third series start before joining CGR in 2002 when PacWest folded due to financial difficulties. Dixon and CGR moved to the IndyCar Series in 2003, winning the title in his debut season with three victories. Following a winless 2004 season, he won one race in the 2005, finished fourth in the 2006 with two victories, and finished second to Dario Franchitti in 2007 with four wins. Dixon won his second IndyCar championship in 2008, with five victories (including the Indianapolis 500).

Dixon finished second to teammate Franchitti in the 2009 season, breaking Sam Hornish Jr. 's all-time series wins record, and third in each season from 2010 to 2012. He won his third series championship with four victories in 2013, and finished third overall with two victories the following season. In 2015, he won his fourth IndyCar championship, tying Juan Pablo Montoya on points but being declared series champion due to a count-back on the number of victories taken by both drivers. During the 2016 and 2017 season, Dixon's form lowered but he took three wins to finish sixth and third overall, respectively. His three victories during the 2018 season earned him his fifth series championship, and he went on to win his sixth title two years later with four victories. After finishing fourth overall with one victory in 2021, Dixon improved on his performance with two wins for third in the points standings in 2022.

Overall, Dixon has won 58 races in American open-wheel car racing and finished on the podium 139 times. Since 2004, he has also competed in endurance racing in the American Le Mans Series, the Rolex Sports Car Series, the IMSA SportsCar Championship and the 24 Hours of Le Mans as well the International Race of Champions and V8 Supercars. He was named New Zealand's Sportsman of the Year in both 2008 and 2013. Dixon was made a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit in 2009 and a Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit (CNZM) a decade later.

## Early and personal life

Dixon was born in Brisbane, Australia on 22 July 1980, the youngest child and only son of middle-class New Zealand expatriates Ron and Glenys Dixon. He has two older sisters. Although he was born in Australia, Dixon holds New Zealand citizenship. Dixon's parents raced various types of cars on various circuits, and owned a dirt speedway in Townsville, North Queensland. The family moved to Australia in 1976 in search of better opportunities, settling in Townsville before returning to Auckland, New Zealand a decade later after a major accident involving his father. Dixon attended Manurewa Central Primary, Green Meadows Intermediate and James Cook High School. He married former British and Welsh 800 metres champion and television presenter Emma Davies-Dixon in February 2008. They have three children.

## Early racing career

Aged seven, Dixon began racing go-karts after watching his cousins race at Auckland's Mt. Wellington oval kart track and tried karting following the conclusion of a raceday. He was encouraged by his parents to pursue a racing career, and was first put into a midget car with a Ironhorse engine at age eight. Dixon was influenced by the success of New Zealand drivers Chris Amon, Denny Hulme and Bruce McLaren. Over the next six years, Dixon parents purchased additional equipment depending on circumstances and Dixon's increase in achievements. His father worked long hours importing Omega karts and cars from Japan, to finance his son's endeavours and borrowed so much money he did not inform his wife about all of it. During the following five years, Dixon won 30 major Australian and New Zealand-based karting championships in his age group, including the 1992 New Zealand Junior Restricted Championship.

Aged 13, he began car racing, earning dispensation from Motorsport NZ to obtain a junior competition licence to enter club and national level events in categories up to Formula Ford after lobbying by his parents. Dixon took the 1994 New Zealand Formula Vee Championship at his first attempt to become its youngest champion; He was second in the 1994 New Zealand Formula Class II Championship, and drove the 1994 NZRDC Formula Ford Winter Series. Dixon rolled a Nissan Sentra saloon car onto its roof during a race at Pukekohe Park Raceway, capturing national attention when footage showed him struggling from the upturned car with a cushion strapped to his back to reach the pedals. For the 1995–1996 season, he drove a 1600cc light, low- downforce pushrod open-wheel car in the higher-tier New Zealand Formula Ford Class II Championship, winning the category title with 13 victories in 14 events. Dixon's family moved him to the primary Formula Ford class in a 1992 Swift car, securing the 1996–1997 title with 8 wins from 15 starts.

With no help from Motorsport NZ, Dixon's family approached open-wheel racer Ken Smith, who became Dixon's manager and mentor in their plan to send him to the Australian Drivers' Championship 's Formula Holden class. Dixon got race-by-race funding from sponsors and individuals as his family and a small group of local sponsors lost funding. He finished the 14-race series third in the under-powered 1991 Ralt Australia Reynard 91D – Holden car, and was named Rookie of the Year. Dixon initially found it difficult to communicate with team owner Graham Watson because he was not a family member; his school recommended he stop schooling due to his good academic performance and focus on racing.

To fund his 1998 campaign, investors formed the Scott Dixon Motor Sport (SDMS) company to raise enough money to support Dixon's career until a top-team signed him, and allowed him to be paid a salary. He was not allowed to access the Australian Institute of Sport for fitness and media training since he was not an Australian citizen. Driving the 1992 SH Racing Reynard 92D –Holden car in the 12-round series, Dixon achieved five wins, five second-places and seven pole positions to claim the Australian Gold Star Drivers' Championship, after a season-long duel with future V8 Supercars racer Todd Kelly. He also finished second in the New Zealand Grand Prix.

In late 1998, he moved to the United States and entered the Championship Auto Racing Teams ' (CART) developmental series Indy Lights, hoping to reach Formula One (F1) because SDMS could not afford the more expensive European series such as British Formula 3 with Alan Docking Racing. SDMS approached Tasman Motorsports owner Steve Horne but was unable to secure enough sponsorship for Dixon to drive for the team, so Dixon was tested by Johansson Motorsports owner Stefan Johansson at Sebring International Raceway in Florida. Dixon raced for the team in the 1999 season after legal negotiations with SDMS and additional sponsorship funding. He underwent intensive training in a weighted helmet to strengthen his neck muscles to combat g-forces. Dixon finished fifth in the drivers' championship in a Lola T97/20 -Buick car, with one victory and four top-five finishes, and was second to Jonny Kane in the Rookie of the Year standings. In October 1999, he tested a Formula 3000 car for the Gauloises Junior Team in France, and two months later, finished second in the New Zealand Grand Prix.

After Smith left Dixon's management team post-season, Johansson became Dixon's manager, deciding if Dixon could not progress to CART in the 2001 season, Dixon would join another team. After seeing Dixon compete in Australia, media manager Brett Murray encouraged PacWest Racing 's (PWR) Indy Lights development squad to employ him for the 2000 championship. Dixon accepted following SDMS' decision not to engage in direct contract talks that were done through driver Tony Renna, finalising a five-year contract with 15 days minimum testing with its CART team in April 2000. He won the title with 155 points, six victories and eight top-four finishes, becoming the series' second-youngest title winner behind Greg Moore.

## CART (2001–2002)

Dixon was promoted to CART by PacWest owner Bruce McCaw in 2001, replacing the retired Mark Blundell in PWR's No. 18 Reynard 01I – Toyota car. His team encouraged him to gain weight before the season began, and he trained with teammate Maurício Gugelmin; he was concerned about acclimating to the longer CART races and developing race strategies. Dixon won the Lehigh Valley Grand Prix at Nazareth Speedway on his third career start, driving 116 laps without stopping for fuel, becoming the youngest winner of a major open-wheel race at the age of 20 years, 9 months, and 14 days. He added another top-three finish at Milwaukee Mile and three fourth-place finishes at Chicago Motor Speedway, Road America and Laguna Seca, finishing eighth in the drivers' championship with 98 points and winning the Rookie of the Year award.

Dixon returned to the renamed PWR Championship Racing in the 2002 season, with the team switching manufacturers from Reynard to a Lola B02/00 -Toyota. Dixon purposefully did not sign a long-term contract with the team so that he could switch to F1 if he impressed teams during testing. Following his two top-ten finishes at Monterrey and Motegi in the first three races, financial trouble forced PWR to disband. This prompted Chip Ganassi Racing (CGR) to sign Dixon to drive its third car for the rest of the season after discussions with his family, team owner Chip Ganassi, and engine manufacturer Toyota during preparations for the Indianapolis 500. Dixon became compatible with his teammates Bruno Junqueira and Kenny Bräck and had to learn about CGR's expectations. The rest of the season saw him achieve nine top-ten finishes including a season-best second at the Grand Prix of Denver late in the year. Dixon finished 13th in the final drivers' championship standings with 97 points.

## IndyCar Series (2003–present)

### 2003–2006

Dixon and CGR switched from CART to the IndyCar Series before the 2003 season, partly due to financial incentives and a desire to compete in the Indianapolis 500. Although he was hesitant to participate in the all-oval track series because he was a road course specialist, he quickly adapted to ovals. Dixon won his debut race, the Toyota Indy 300 at Homestead–Miami Speedway, after leading the final 53 laps. He sustained injuries in an accident with Tony Kanaan at Motegi two races later. At his first Indianapolis 500, he qualified fourth; late in the race, he lost control of his car and spun through 180 degrees, finishing 17th. Dixon took successive wins at Pikes Peak International Raceway and Richmond International Raceway and four second places in the next ten races. He entered the season-ending Chevy 500 at Texas Motor Speedway as one of five title contenders and tied on points with Team Penske 's Hélio Castroneves who required a victory to win the championship. Dixon finished second, ahead of all other title contenders, to win the championship with 507 points.

In the second round of the 2004 championship, he finished second at Phoenix International Raceway, followed by a fifth-place finish in the following round at Motegi. The remaining twelve races saw him achieve seven more top-tens with his best performance during that period being a fifth place in the final round, the Chevy 500 at Texas, for tenth overall with 355 points. His Toyota engine lacked power, causing him to be slower than drivers racing better developed Honda engines, particularly when IndyCar implemented a rule change lowering engine sizes from 3.5 L to 3.0 L at the Indianapolis 500. Dixon, according to Smith, would occasionally overdrive his car, causing handling issues entering corners.

Dixon stayed at CGR for the 2005 season after signing a contract extension to stay in IndyCar until the conclusion of the 2006 championship in May 2004. He had implants installed in the corner of his left eye to restore it to optimal sight for oval circuits, and focused fully on IndyCar following F1 testing for the Williams team in Europe and racing in the International Race of Champions (IROC) early the previous year. The beginning of the year saw him struggle in comparison with his previous two years in IndyCar with CGR. At the Indianapolis 500, he qualified in 13th position but a lap 114 two-car accident with Richie Hearn saw him finish 24th. At Watkins Glen for the Watkins Glen Indy Grand Prix, Dixon led a event-high 25 laps for his first series victory in 40 races. He finished 13th in the drivers' championship with 321 points.

CGR switched from the underpowered Toyota engine to the more powerful Honda engine for the 2006 season after Toyota left IndyCar to focus on NASCAR and the ubiquitous Dallara chassis. He concentrated on improving his abilities on oval tracks, and learnt from teammate Dan Wheldon how to improve his performance on 1.5 mi (2.4 km) ovals. Dixon began 2006 with consecutive second-places in St. Petersburg and Motegi. He qualified fourth for the Indianapolis 500 and battled for the lead until he was imposed a drive-through penalty for blocking Kanaan, causing him to finish sixth. Dixon then won the following wet-weather Watkins Glen Indy Grand Prix, his fifth career victory, after passing Buddy Rice with nine laps left. He went on to achieve victory in the Firestone Indy 200 at Nashville Speedway four races later by 0.1176 seconds over Wheldon after leading the final 67 laps. Going into the season-ending Peak Antifreeze Indy 300 at Chicagoland Speedway, Dixon was one of four drivers mathematically eligible win the championship; however, he finished second and was fourth overall with 460 points.

### 2007–2010

Dixon began the 2007 season with two podium finishes and two fourth places within the first four rounds before qualifying fourth for the Indianapolis 500 and finishing the rain-shortened race second. He won three consecutive races at Watkins Glen, Nashville and Mid-Ohio, tying a series record set by Bräck in the 1998 season and Wheldon in the 2005 championship, lowering Dario Franchitti 's points advantage from 65 to 24. Dixon won the Motorola Indy 300 at Sonoma three rounds later, passing Franchitti's damaged car late in the race to take the championship lead from the latter. He was second overall with three fewer points than Franchitti going into the season-ending Peak Antifreeze Indy 300 in Chicago, and one of three competitors who could mathematically claim the drivers' championship. Late on the race's final lap, Dixon was leading when his car ran out of fuel, causing him to finish runner-up to Franchitti with 624 points.

The 2008 season saw Dixon return to CGR, winning the season-opening Gainsco Auto Insurance Indy 300 at Homestead from pole position. After two third-places at Motegi and Kansas Speedway (from pole position), his season highlight was winning the Indianapolis 500 for the first (and only) time in his career, leading 115 laps from pole position. Dixon won the Bombardier Learjet 550 from pole position two races later in Texas, and then the rain-shortened Firestone Indy 200 in Nashville. He achieved consecutive wins in the Rexall Edmonton Indy at Edmonton City Centre Airport and the Meijer Indy 300 at Kentucky in which he led 151 laps from pole position after Castroneves ran out of fuel on the final lap. Dixon led Castroneves by 30 championship points entering the season-ending Peak Antifreeze Indy 300; he won his second series title after finishing 0.0033 seconds behind race winner Castroneves in the series' second-closest finish.

For his title defence in the 2009 season, Dixon raced for CGR. Following two subpar races, he led 134 laps to win the season's third round, the RoadRunner Turbo Indy 300 at Kansas. Dixon won the ABC Supply Company A.J. Foyt 225 at Milwaukee for the championship lead two races later. At Richmond for the SunTrust Indy Challenge, he led 161 laps in his third victory of 2009, equalling Sam Hornish Jr. 's series record career wins with his 19th. Following his finishes at Watkins Glen and Edmonton, Dixon won his season's fourth race in the Honda 200 at Mid-Ohio, breaking Hornish's all-time victory record. His fifth and final victory of 2009 was the Indy Japan 300 at Motegi, leading 139 laps from pole position. Dixon entered the season-ending Firestone Indy 300 as one of three drivers eligible for the championship. With 605 points, he finished third in the race and was championship runner-up to teammate Franchitti.

Dixon's 2010 season began with three top-seven finishes in the first four races before leading 167 laps of the RoadRunner Turbo Indy 300 to win the event for the second consecutive year in Kansas. Following four top-eight finishes, he won the Honda Indy Edmonton after Castroneves was deemed to have blocked his Penske teammate Will Power. Dixon finished no lower than eighth in the five rounds that followed, including a second-place finish at Sonoma Raceway. He was mathematically eliminated from winning the championship after finishing sixth in the Indy Japan 300 at Motegi, but he finished the season by winning the 2010 Cafés do Brasil Indy 300 at Homestead to finish third overall with 547 points.

### 2011–2015

In the 2011 championship, Dixon again returned to drive for CGR. During the season's first eleven races, he finished in the top ten seven times, including second-place finishes at Barber Motorsports Park, the Texas doubleheader, and Toronto. Dixon won the Honda Indy 200 at Mid-Ohio for the third time after leading 50 laps from pole position. He led 62 laps of the Indy Japan: The Final at Motegi to win the event from pole position three races later. Dixon's third-place finish in the following Kentucky Indy 300 at Kentucky allowed him to beat Franchitti to the A. J. Foyt Oval Trophy despite having no oval victories in 2011. He was third in the Drivers' Championship with 518 points.

For the 2012 season, Dixon competed for CGR; engine reliability problems affected his performance that year. Three second-place finishes in the season's first five races came at St. Petersburg, Barber, and the Indianapolis 500. Dixon won the Chevrolet Detroit Belle Isle Grand Prix at The Raceway on Belle Isle after leading every lap from pole position. Six races later, he qualified fourth for the Honda Indy 200 at Mid-Ohio, where he won his second race of the season. Dixon was one of four drivers eligible for the drivers' championship after finishing fourth in the Grand Prix of Baltimore on the streets of Baltimore. He was 53 points behind championship leader Power. He finished third in the season-ending MAVTV 500 IndyCar World Championships at Auto Club Speedway for third overall with 435 points.

Dixon signed a three-year contract extension to remain at CGR for the 2013 season and through to the end of the 2015 championship in mid-2012. His Honda engined car had less power than Chevrolet engined vehicles. Dixon finished second at Barber and four other times in the season's first ten rounds. He started 17th in the Pocono IndyCar 400 at Pocono Raceway and held off teammate Charlie Kimball for his first victory of the season. Dixon won both races of the Honda Indy Toronto doubleheader (leading 81 laps in the second event from pole position) and moved into second place in the championship standings one week later. He won the first race of the Shell-Pennzoil Grand Prix of Houston doubleheader and finished second in the second race to overtake Castroneves (who had mechanical issues) as the season-ending MAVTV 500 IndyCar World Championships at Auto Club Speedway approached. Dixon won his third series title with 577 points after finishing fifth at Auto Club.

Dixon drove a Chevrolet-powered car for the first time in the 2014 season, after CGR switched from Honda to have both the IndyCar and NASCAR teams partnered with the same engine manufacturer. His engines had a power delivery issue that slightly exaggerated shock/damper setup issues, and changes in centre of gravity and weight distribution caused traction issues exiting corners, requiring him to accelerate more cautiously. Dixon finished third once at Barber and had seven top-ten finishes in the first fourteen races of the season before winning the Honda Indy 200 at Mid-Ohio after starting 22nd. He overtook Mike Conway to win the GoPro Indy Grand Prix of Sonoma two races later. He finished third in the final championship standings with 604 points after finishing second in the season finale at Auto Club.

He returned to CGR for the 2015 season. Dixon qualified third for the season's third round, the Toyota Grand Prix of Long Beach and led 44 laps to claim his first win at the event. He took pole position for the Indianapolis 500 and led 84 laps before finishing fourth due to a lack of speed late in the race. Dixon started seventh in the Firestone 600 at Texas three races later and led 97 laps in his second victory of the season. He finished fifth five times in the next six races, including a pole position at the Iowa race. Dixon was one of six drivers vying for the championship heading into the season-ending GoPro Grand Prix of Sonoma, securing the race victory and his fourth championship title. Although he and Penske driver Juan Pablo Montoya had the same number of points (556), the tie was broken by wins; Dixon won three races and Montoya two.

### 2016–2020

He drove for CGR in the 2016 season after signing a three-year contract extension with the team in mid-2015 and was outperformed by Penske engineering-wise. Dixon started seventh and led the final 155 laps of the Desert Diamond West Valley Phoenix Grand Prix at Phoenix International Raceway for his first win of the season, breaking a series record for wins in consecutive seasons with 12. Dixon had eight top-ten in the next twelve races after failing to finish three races due to unreliability and one in the Honda Indy 200 at Mid-Ohio due to an accident with Castroneves and qualifying on pole position for the race at Toronto. He won the IndyCar Grand Prix at The Glen after starting on pole and leading 50 laps. With 477 points after finishing 17th in the season finale at Sonoma, he finished sixth in the Drivers' Championship, the first time he finished outside the top three in points since 2005.

CGR returned to Honda engines before the 2017 season after three seasons with Chevrolet. Dixon finished third at St. Petersburg, Barber, and the Indianapolis road course in his first five races. He qualified on pole for the Indianapolis 500; during the race, he crashed airborne into the inside barrier after hitting Jay Howard 's left-rear wheel on lap 53. Dixon and Howard were unhurt. He took the championship lead from Castroneves by finishing second in the first race of the Chevrolet Detroit Grand Prix doubleheader, and won the Kohler Grand Prix at Road America three races later. He finished no lower than tenth in the next six races, including consecutive second places at Gateway Motorsports Park and Watkins Glen, and was three points behind championship leader Josef Newgarden heading into the season-ending GoPro Grand Prix of Sonoma. Dixon finished fourth, putting him third in the final championship standings with 621 points.

He drove a car equipped with a new universal aerodynamic car package for the 2018 season and had no technical disadvantage to Penske. He took five top-ten finishes, including consecutive podiums at the Indianapolis road course and the Indianapolis 500 in the first six races. Dixon won the first race of the Chevrolet Detroit Grand Prix doubleheader after leading 39 laps, and he led the final 119 laps of the DXC Technology 600 at Texas for the championship lead two races later. Three races after Texas, he won his third and final race of 2018, the Honda Indy Toronto. Dixon finished no lower than fifth in the year's final five races and took pole position at Gateway. He won his fifth IndyCar championship finishing second in the season-ending Grand Prix of Sonoma, scoring 678 points.

Dixon signed a multi-year contract extension with CGR through to the end of the 2023 season after rejecting an offer from McLaren CEO Zak Brown to join the brand's IndyCar team for a rumoured three seasons before the 2019 championship. The season's first seven races yielded four podium finishes in St. Petersburg, Barber, Long Beach and the Indianapolis road course. Dixon won the second race of the Chevrolet Detroit Grand Prix doubleheader after starting sixth. Following four top-five finishes, he held off teammate Felix Rosenqvist to win the Honda Indy 200 from eighth, his second and final victory of 2019 and sixth at Mid-Ohio. Dixon finished fourth in the final Drivers' Championship standings with 578 points after finishing on the podium twice more at Pocono and Laguna Seca.

The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic delayed and shortened the 2020 season to 14 events, and Indiana's lockdown required Dixon to prepare at home for the return to racing. At the season-opening Genesys 300 round in Texas, he qualified second and led 157 of 200 laps, matching A. J. Foyt 's record of 18 seasons with a victory. Dixon then won the GMR Grand Prix at the Indianapolis road course and the first race of the REV Group Grand Prix doubleheader at Road America. He finished second in the first race of the Iowa doubleheader and led a race-high 111 laps in the Indianapolis 500. Dixon took his 50th career win in the opening round of the following Bommarito Automotive Group 500 doubleheader at Gateway. He finished no lower than tenth in the final five races, and won his sixth drivers' championship by 16 points over Newgarden in the season-ending Grand Prix of St. Petersburg, finishing third.

### 2021–present

Dixon started the 2021 championship by finishing at Barber and third in St. Petersburg. He started third for the first race of the Genesys 300 doubleheader at Texas, leading 206 of 212 laps in his first and only victory of the year to take the championship lead and surpass Foyt's record of winning a race in the most seasons during his 19th season. Dixon took two pole positions in the second Genesys 300 round and the Indianapolis 500 but lost the championship lead to teammate Álex Palou after finishing 17th in the latter event. He took three more podiums and four top-tens and was fourth in the final season standings with 481 points.

He finished in the top ten in each of the first five races of the 2022 season, with a best result of fifth place at Texas. He qualified on pole for the fifth time in the Indianapolis 500. Dixon led 95 laps but failed to win the race due to a drive-through penalty for overspeeding by 1 mph (1.6 km/h) in the pit lane following his final pit stop. Four races later, he started second in the Honda Indy Toronto and led 40 laps to claim his fourth Toronto victory. Dixon won the Big Machine Music City Grand Prix four races later on the streets of downtown Nashville. He was one of five drivers mathematically eligible to win the championship heading into the season finale, the Firestone Grand Prix of Monterey at Laguna Seca. A lack of speed in the race restricted him to 12th and he was fourth in the championship standings with 521 points.

Dixon started the 2023 season improving his performance in qualifying from the year before, and securing a third position at St. Petersburg and top ten finishes in the three of the next four races as a result of a byproduct of an engineering and strategy team reshuffle. A rare retirement following contact with Pato O'Ward at Long Beach put Dixon in a deficit for championship points. After Dixon and his crew began developing more and he and his timing team began understanding their own needs, Dixon's results improved. He extended his record streak of consecutive seasons with at least one race victory to 19 by winning the Gallagher Grand Prix while on an alternative strategy following a first-lap spin; he also surpassed Kanaan's record of consecutive IndyCar starts in the same race. Dixon then led 82 laps of the following Bommarito Automotive Group 500 to win and become teammate Palou's only championship rival after Newgarden crashed. He was mathematically eliminated from title contention after finishing third at the BitNile.com Grand Prix of Portland, which Palou won, but he did secure second in the Drivers' Championship. He overcame a drive-through penalty for contact on the first lap to end the season with a victory in the Firestone Grand Prix of Monterey.

At the second round of the 2024 season, the Grand Prix of Long Beach, Dixon employed a fuel-saving strategy for more than half the race following a yellow flag caution period to win the event for the second time. After two more top six finishes in the following three races with sub-par performances in qualifying, he won the Chevrolet Detroit Grand Prix through another fuel-saving strategy and holding off Marcus Ericsson to take the championship lead from teammate Palou. His second-place finish in the second race of the Hy-Vee Milwaukee Mile 250s moved him past Mario Andretti for the record of most career IndyCar podiums with his 142nd.

## Sports car career

Dixon made his endurance racing debut in the 1999 Petit Le Mans (part of the American Le Mans Series), retiring the No. 36 Ferrari 333 SP LMP class car he shared with Johansson and Jim Matthews due to gearbox problems. He competed in the 2004 24 Hours of Daytona (part of the Rolex Sports Car Series) with Jimmy Morales, Max Papis, and Scott Pruett, finishing sixth in class and tenth overall in CGR's No. 1 Riley MkXI - Lexus Daytona Prototype (DP). Dixon went on to finish third in the Lexus Grand American 400 alongside Darren Manning. The following year, he again drove the 24 Hours of Daytona in Chip Ganassi Racing with Felix Sabates ' (CGRFS) No. 3 entry, finishing sixth with Manning and Casey Mears. Dixon, Mears and Wheldon won the 2006 24 Hours of Daytona, completing 734 laps in CGRFS' No. 2 Riley-Lexus. He finished fourth in the season-ending Discount Tire Sunchaser at Miller Motorsports Park, alongside co-drivers Luis Díaz and Pruett in the No. 1 entry.

Dixon entered the 24 Hours of Daytona with Memo Rojas and Wheldon in 2007, retiring after 538 laps when Rojas crashed the No. 2 car on the saturated track in the 21st hour for 21st in class and 41st overall. He raced alongside Salvador Durán, Alex Lloyd, and Wheldon in the 2008 24 Hours of Daytona, finishing 41st overall (18th in class) after 515 laps due to three crashes. Dixon finished fifth in class and eighth overall in De Ferran Motorsports ' No. 66 Acura ARX-01b in the 2008 Petit Le Mans Le Mans Prototype 2 (LMP2) category alongside Gil de Ferran and Simon Pagenaud. He, Franchitti and Lloyd were fifth in the 2009 24 Hours of Daytona in CGRFS' No. 2 Riley-Lexus car. Dixon co-drove De Ferran Motorsports' No. 66 Acura ARX-02a Le Mans Prototype 1 (LMP1) car with De Ferran and Pagenaud in both the 12 Hours of Sebring and the Petit Le Mans. He qualified on pole in Sebring but did not finish due to mechanical issues and was 24th in Petit Le Mans.

Dixon competed in the 24 Hours of Daytona from 2010 to 2012, sharing the No. 2 Riley MkXX-BMW with Franchitti, Jamie McMurray, and Montoya. They finished 37th in 2010 due to mechanical failure, but finished second and fourth in 2011 and 2012, respectively. In July 2012, he, McMurray, and Montoya returned to the Rolex Sports Car Series for the three-hour Brickyard Grand Prix at Indianapolis in CGRFS' No. 2 car, finishing fourth. Although Dixon, Franchitti, Joey Hand and McMurray were 37th in the 2013 24 Hours of Daytona due to McMurray's accident following a pit stop, he and Franchitti were third in the Continental Tire Sports Car Festival. In 2014, he, Marino Franchitti, Kanaan, and Kyle Larson finished eighth in class and 15th overall in the 24 Hours of Daytona after mechanical issues, and sixth in the 12 Hours of Sebring with Kanaan and Sage Karam. Dixon joined Pruett and Rojas at the No. 1 team for the season-ending Petit Le Mans, finishing third.

He, Kanaan, Larson and McMurray won the 2015 24 Hours of Daytona, completing 740 laps in the No. 2 CGRFS Riley- Ford car. Dixon was paired with Hand and Pruett to CGRFS's No. 1 lineup for both the 12 Hours of Sebring and the Petit Le Mans, finishing fourth in both races. Dixon was joined by Kanaan, Larson, and McMurray for the 2016 24 Hours of Daytona; brake issues caused Larson to crash, leaving the No. 2 car 13th overall. He raced Ford CGR's No. 67 Ford GT alongside Ryan Briscoe and Richard Westbrook in the 12 Hours of Sebring and the Petit Le Mans as well as the No. 69 car in the Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance Professional (LMGTE Pro) 24 Hours of Le Mans for the next three years. The trio's best Le Mans LMGTE Pro class finish was third in 2016, and they won the GTLM category of the 2018 24 Hours of Daytona after 783 laps.

In 2020, he entered the 24 Hours of Daytona, this time with Wayne Taylor Racing (WTR). The No. 10 Cadillac DPi-V.R he shared with Briscoe, Kamui Kobayashi and Renger van der Zande won in a record-breaking 833 laps. Dixon finished 16th overall in the Bathurst 12 Hour with R-Motorsport 's No. 76 Pro class Aston Martin Vantage AMR GT3 he shared with Jake Dennis and Rick Kelly one week later. He, Briscoe and Van Der Zande won the Petit Le Mans and were seventh in the 12 Hours of Sebring with WTR. Dixon finished fifth in both the 24 Hours of Daytona and the 12 Hours of Sebring in 2021, driving the No. 1 Cadillac CGR DPi-V.R with Kevin Magnussen and Van Der Zande. He, Earl Bamber and Van Der Zande were fifth in the season-ending Petit Le Mans. In the 2022 24 Hours of Daytona, he finished seventh in class and 14th overall in the No. 1 car alongside Sébastien Bourdais, Palou, and Van Der Zande; he missed the 12 Hours of Sebring because of an IndyCar commitment at Texas and was replaced by Ryan Hunter-Reay. He finished fourth in the season-ending Petit Le Mans alongside Bourdais and Van Der Zande.

Dixon competed in the 2023 24 Hours of Daytona as a co-driver in the No. 1 Cadillac V-LHDh car with Bourdais and Van Der Zande, finishing third overall. He, Bourdais and Van Der Zande went on to finish fourth in the 2023 24 Hours of Le Mans, and the trio were second overall at the season-ending Petit Le Mans. Dixon, Bourdais, Palou and Van Der Zande retired from the 2024 24 Hours of Daytona with a mechanical powertrain fault, and Dixon, Bourdais and Van Der Zande finished second overall in the 12 Hours of Sebring after a late race duel with WTR. Dixon, Bourdais and Van Der Zande teamed up again for the 2024 24 Hours of Le Mans, retiring after 18 hours with an unrepairable oil leak.

## Other racing ventures

Dixon was one of twelve drivers invited to compete in the four-race IROC stock car racing series in 2004, driving an identically prepared Pontiac Firebird. He finished in the bottom half of the top ten in all four races and finished the season in tenth place in the points standings with 25 points. Dixon joined Kelly Racing as Todd Kelly's international co-driver in the No. 7 Holden VE Commodore for the 2010 V8 Supercar Championship Series ' Armor All Gold Coast 600 double header event, finishing 20th in the first race and crashing in the second.

After his manager Johansson convinced the Williams F1 team to test him for a possible race seat in 2005, he underwent a two-part assessment for the squad at the Circuit Paul Ricard in France and the Circuit de Catalunya in Spain in early 2004. The tests did not result in Dixon being signed to the Williams team in either a testing or a racing capacity because it was uninterested in employing a rookie.

## Driving style

Dixon generally performs better in a race than in a qualifying session. According to Palou, Dixon can maximise car performance consistency over a stint, a race or a season. Road & Track 's Fred Smith writes that Dixon has a reputation of being patient, something Dixon says came from his formative years of racing cars when he could not afford to make an error otherwise he would have to stop competing because his family lacked money. The Race 's Matt Beer and Jack Benyon write that Dixon is consistent not "in the boring sense of hanging back in third and fourth while others screw up" but rather "in the sense of always maximising what's possible amid the often crazy circumstances of IndyCar races" and that "Rival after rival has discovered how hard it is to shake Dixon off in a title fight, no matter what degree of plight he seems to be in during any given race."

According to Racer 's Jeff Olson, Dixon prefers to drive a car with oversteer for better driveability, and racing journalist Marshall Pruett observes the driver's ability to perform 100 micro-corrections with the steering wheel during each lap. David Malsher-Lopez, writing for Motorsport.com characterised Dixon's handling style as not proactive but "reactive, a reflex match with the vagaries of car handling and physics." Since his early years competing in the IndyCar Series, he has been able to save more fuel than other drivers while driving faster because he requests information when each of his stints begins thrhough preparation and car setups decided beforehand and operates within the limits of his given fuel mileage number by being as efficient as possible in a stint, allowing him to make fewer or faster pit stops. He attempts to ensure before the race that he is aware he will be provided with a car that drives well through a corner when in such a scenario.

## Non-racing ventures and recognition

He is an ambassador for the youth cancer patients' support group CanTeen and Teen Cancer America because he feels teenagers with cancer as a group are overlooked. Dixon is also an ambassador for the Richard Mille watch maker, and supports CGR's Women in Motorsport initiative because he is the father of two daughters and believes women in an IndyCar team could improve performance. He has done business with the US division of the New Zealand appliance manufacturer Fisher & Paykel, and has fundraised for children's charities. He and his wife were honorary co-chairs of IndyHumane 's annual Mutt Strut dog walk fundraiser at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in April 2019.

Dixon has been a director of Concept Motorsport New Zealand since 2012. He appeared on the Late Show with David Letterman three times. Dixon was a guest on the 28 May 2008 edition of Live With Regis and Kelly, and was the subject of This Is Your Life on 21 September 2008. In July 2017, he appeared on Jay Leno's Garage, and his life and 2017 IndyCar season were the subject of the 2018 Bryn Evans documentary Born Racer.

Dixon was awarded the Jim Clark Trophy in 1999, 2001, 2004, and 2019 "for the New Zealand driver competing at a National or higher level who shows a sportsmanlike attitude to the sport and fellow competitors and natural ability in "putting up the most meritorious racing performance during the season" and the Bruce McLaren Trophy in 2003 and 2008. In the 2009 New Year Honours, he was made a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit and was appointed Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit in the 2019 Queen's Birthday Honours, both for "for services to motorsport". Dixon was named New Zealand's Sportsman of the Year in 2008 and 2013 and was nominated in 2003, 2009, 2015, 2018 and 2021.

NZ Post issued the New Zealand Champions of World Motorsport stamp series featuring him and four other New Zealand motor racing champions in early 2009. Dixon was inducted into the MotorSport New Zealand Wall of Fame in 2009 and the Road to Indy Hall of Fame in 2014. In July 2013, he was named by Autosport magazine as one of the 50 greatest drivers to have never raced in F1. Joe Hogsett, the Mayor of Indianapolis, recognised Dixon's motor racing achievements by declaring 24 September 2018 "Scott Dixon Day" in Indianapolis. He was inducted into the Open Wheel category of the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America in March 2024.

## Racing record

### Career summary

* Season still in progress.

### American open–wheel racing results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap.)

#### IndyCar Series

* Season still in progress.

- Races run on same day

- The 2011 IZOD IndyCar World Championship was abandoned after Dan Wheldon died from injuries sustained in a 15-car crash on lap 11.

- Dixon won the title on the tiebreak—he won three races to Juan Pablo Montoya 's two after both tied on 556 points.

### Sports car racing

#### Rolex Sports Car Series results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap) (Results indicate class finishing position)

#### Complete IMSA SportsCar Championship results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap) (Results indicate class finishing position)

Season still in progress.

### V8 Supercar Championship results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

† Not Eligible for points

### International Race of Champions

(key) (Bold – Pole position. * – Most laps led.)


List of 2 Days & 1 Night episodes

# List of 2 Days & 1 Night episodes

## Abstract

The following is a list of episodes of the South Korean reality - variety show 2 Days & 1 Night, a segment of Happy Sunday, broadcast on the KBS2 every Sunday at 6:25pm KST. The show began airing in HD on May 23, 2010. Episodes are aired with English subtitles not only in episode reruns, but also episodes uploaded on KBS World 's official YouTube channel.

There were 232 episodes aired during Season 1, which ended on February 25, 2012. Season 2 began airing on March 4, 2012, ended on December 15, 2013, and had 89 episodes. Season 3 began airing on December 22, 2013, ended on March 10, 2019, and had 257 episodes. Season 4 began airing on December 8, 2019, and currently has aired 201 episodes.

Note: The episode numbers indicated below are reckoned from when this segment was revamped as 2 Days & 1 Night, and do not take the first 12 episodes of its predecessor, Are You Ready, into consideration.

## Season 1

### 2007

### 2008

### 2009

### 2010

### 2011

### 2012

## Season 2

### 2012

### 2013

## Season 3

### 2013

### 2014

### 2015

### 2016

### 2017

### 2018

### 2019

## Season 4

### 2019

### 2020

### 2021

### 2022

### 2023

### 2024

## Ratings

In the ratings below, the highest rating for the show will be in red, and the lowest rating for the show will be in blue each season.

### Season 1

Note: Ratings not found will be represented by "—".

### Season 2

Note: For the TNmS ratings, boxes marked with "—" means the episode did not make it into the Top 20, and therefore ratings were not found.

### Season 3

### Season 4


# William Fitzgerald (footballer, born 1999)

## Abstract

William Fitzgerald (born 19 May 1999) is an Irish professional footballer who plays as a winger for League of Ireland side Sligo Rovers.

## Career

### Limerick

Having come through the academy at Mervue United, Fitzgerald moved to Limerick in 2016. After progressing through the U17's and U19's sides with Super Blues, Fitzgerald was promoted to the first team in 2017. He made his professional debut on 26 August 2017, as he came on as a 61st-minute substitute for Stephen Kenny; during a 1–0 win against Finn Harps in the Second Round of the FAI Cup. Almost two months after his cup appearance, Fitzgerald made his league debut on 14 October 2017 as he came on as a 74th-minute substitute for Kenny once again; during the 1–0 win against Drogheda United. In the following campaign, Fitzgerald went onto feature 38 times across all competitions, as Limerick suffered relegation after suffering a 3–0 aggregate against Finn Harps.

### Waterford

On 5 July 2019, after featuring once for Limerick in the League of Ireland First Division after overcoming injury; Fitzgerald signed for Premier Division side Waterford. He would go onto make 20 appearances for The Blues across all competitions, before leaving the club in February 2021.

### Derry City

On 22 February 2021, Fitzgerald signed for fellow League of Ireland Premier Division side Derry City on a one-year deal, after featuring in all but one of The Candystripes' league games during the 2021 season, he left the club on 6 December 2021; following the expiration of his contract.

### Sligo Rovers

A few hours after leaving Derry, Fitzgerald signed for Sligo Rovers on a deal until the end of the season. On 9 December 2022,after making 42 appearances out of a possible 43 across all competitions over the course of the season; Fitzgerald penned a contract extension until the end of the following season. He would go onto make 28 league appearances, scoring once; as his season was curtailed after suffering a groin injury in training, which required surgery. On 10 December 2023, Fitzgerald penned another new deal until the conclusion of 2024 campaign, which sees him enter his third season at The Showgrounds.

## International career

He was called up to the Republic of Ireland U21 for the first time on 24 January 2019. Fitzgerald made his Republic of Ireland U21 debut on 6 February 2019, in a 1–0 win against Republic of Ireland Amateur in a friendly played at the Whitehall Stadium in Dublin.


McCovey Cove

# McCovey Cove

## Abstract

McCovey Cove is the unofficial name of a section of San Francisco Bay beyond the right field wall of Oracle Park, home of the San Francisco Giants, named after famed Giants first baseman Willie McCovey. The proper name for the cove is China Basin, which is the mouth of Mission Creek as it meets the bay. The cove is bounded along the north by Oracle Park, with a ferry landing and a breakwater at the northeast end. The southern shore is lined by China Basin Park and McCovey Point. To the east, it opens up to San Francisco Bay, while the west end of the cove is bounded by the Lefty O'Doul Bridge, named after San Francisco ballplayer and manager Lefty O'Doul.

## Naming

The name was coined thanks to two sportswriters. Mark Purdy of the San Jose Mercury News wrote an article suggesting naming the body of water after McCovey, though his original suggestions were 'McCovey Channel,' 'McCovey Stream' or 'McCovey Run.' Purdy then noted the more 'lyrical' name of 'McCovey Cove' was suggested by his colleague Leonard Koppett, a writer for the Oakland Tribune. The name did not take long to become very popular, although the moniker has never become official.

## Features

On game days, fans take to the water of McCovey Cove in boats and even in kayaks, often with fishing nets in the hope of collecting a home run ball. This echoes what used to happen during McCovey's playing days. Before Candlestick Park 's upper deck was extended, the area behind right field was occupied by three small bleacher sections and a lot of open space. Kids in those bleachers would gather behind the right field fence when "Stretch" would come to the plate. Just beyond the wall is a public waterfront promenade. Across the cove from the ballpark is McCovey Point and China Basin Park, featuring a statue of McCovey at the mouth of the Cove. At his feet are small plaques commemorating the winners of the Willie Mac Award, named in McCovey's honor. Along the southern shore of the cove, between McCovey Point and the O'Doul Bridge, is a walkway featuring plaques showing the Opening Day Roster of every Giants team from 1958 through 1999. Just south of the statue of Willie McCovey is Barry Bonds Junior Giants Field, a t-ball sized baseball diamond. (As of 2020, the features in this area have been temporarily warehoused while extensive construction takes place.)

## Splash hits

A "splash hit" is recorded when a Giants player hits a home run that lands in McCovey Cove on the fly (foul balls, home runs hit by opposing players, and hits that strike or bounce off the stadium wall or pedestrian path are not counted toward this total). These hits are tallied on an electronic counter on the right field wall. As of September 4, 2024, 104 splash hits have been hit into the Bay by 29 Giants players since the park opened; 35 of those were by Barry Bonds. Seven other Giants have reached the Cove more than twice: Brandon Belt (ten), Pablo Sandoval (eight), Mike Yastrzemski (six), LaMonte Wade Jr. (six), Denard Span (five), Brandon Crawford (four), and Joc Pederson (four). Five additional players — Felipe Crespo, Michael Tucker, Ryan Klesko, Aubrey Huff, and Andrés Torres — have done it twice. Sixteen other Giants players have accomplished the feat once. Bonds' splash hit on April 17, 2001 marked his 500th career home run. Carlos Beltrán 's splash hit on September 14, 2011 marked his 300th career home run. Tyler Colvin 's splash hit on May 12, 2014 was also his first hit for the Giants and occurred in his first at bat at Oracle Park since joining the team. Bonds is the only Giants player to hit the Cove twice in the same game, having done so on May 10, 2000 and May 18, 2002. On June 15, 2021, two different Giants players got splash hits in the same game for the first time: Steven Duggar and Mike Yastrzemski.

Two players have gotten splash hits while playing for the Giants and visiting teams. Ryan Klesko got a splash hit on April 9, 2003, while playing for the San Diego Padres before getting two splash hits as a Giants player during the 2007 season. He was joined by Joc Pederson on May 24, 2022, who became the first player to have a splash hit for three different teams, having previously hit a total of three home runs into the water while a member of the Los Angeles Dodgers and the Chicago Cubs.

Four splash hits have been walk-off home runs: Barry Bonds ' on August 19, 2003, Brandon Crawford 's on April 13, 2014, and Mike Yastrzemski 's two splash hits on July 29, 2020 and June 19, 2023, respectively.

Three splash hits have been grand slams: Bonds' on August 14, 2001, Michael Tucker 's on April 9, 2005, and Yastrzemski's on June 15, 2021.

Denard Span and LaMonte Wade Jr. are the only Giants to lead off with a splash hit, doing so on June 13, 2016 and June 2, 2023, respectively.

Bonds is currently the only Giant to record a splash hit in the postseason. He did so in the fifth inning of Game 3 of the 2002 National League Championship Series on October 12, 2002.

When the stadium hosted the 2007 Major League Baseball Home Run Derby, McCovey Cove was heavily featured in promotional materials, and the namesake slugger presented each participant with special bats before the competition. However, the difficulty of hitting McCovey Cove with a home run was shown, as none of the eight sluggers competing were able to hit the water on the fair side of the foul pole, and all three left-handed batters (who are more likely to hit home runs to right field, and thus, to the Cove) were eliminated in the first round of the contest. Justin Morneau of the Minnesota Twins and Prince Fielder of the Milwaukee Brewers were able to hit the Cove once each, but both of their hits were foul balls. However, Fielder eventually did hit McCovey Cove with a fair ball on July 19, 2008, as the 13th visiting player to hit the 17th non-Giants home run into the Cove. It was also his 100th career home run.

The majority of home runs surrendered into McCovey Cove have been off right-handed pitchers. 22 left-handed pitchers have surrendered a splash hit: Rich Rodriguez, Chuck McElroy, Vic Darensbourg, Brian Anderson, Jeriome Robertson, Chuck Finley, Ted Lilly, Ray King, Doug Davis, Joe Kennedy, Hong-Chih Kuo, Trever Miller, Wandy Rodríguez, Rex Brothers, David Price, Drew Smyly, Ranger Suárez, Matt Strahm, Alex Young, Génesis Cabrera, David Peterson, and Ray Kerr.

Four visiting pitchers have each surrendered two splash hits: John Thomson, Liván Hernández, Rodrigo López, and Chris Paddack. López is the only pitcher to give up a splash hit as a member of two visiting teams while pitching for the Philadelphia Phillies and the Chicago Cubs. No pitcher has surrendered two splash hits in the same game. However, two pitchers have surrendered splash hits to the same player twice: Thomson to Bonds on May 24, 2001 and August 31, 2001; and López to Pablo Sandoval on July 30, 2009 and August 31, 2011.

The most splash hits the Giants have had in a season is 11 in 2001, nine of which were part of Bonds' successful chase to hit the most home runs in a season. On the flip side, the Giants did not hit any splash hits in 2015 (Cody Asche of the Philadelphia Phillies was the only player that season to accomplish the feat). This splash-hit drought lasted nearly two years; after Brandon Belt hit one on September 25, 2014, he would break the drought himself on June 8, 2016.

|105|| Heliot Ramos || September 15, 2024 || San Diego Padres || Ranger Suarez ||9th|}

## Other McCovey Cove hits

60 non-Giants players have hit the water 77 times. Of the visiting players who have hit McCovey Cove, Carlos Delgado, Adam LaRoche, Carlos González, Curtis Granderson, Max Muncy, and Joc Pederson have performed the feat the most, doing it three times each. Current players Bryce Harper, Mike Moustakas, and Jack Suwinski, and former players Luis Gonzalez and Cliff Floyd are the only other visiting players to do so twice. Suwinski is also the only visiting player to hit the Cove twice in the same game, doing so on May 29, 2023. In that game, Suwinski hit his second home run into the water off of second baseman Brett Wisely, who became the first-ever position player to surrender a splash hit. Eight American League players have hit the Cove: David Ortiz, Mitch Moreland, Adam Dunn, Rougned Odor, Shin-Soo Choo, Nathaniel Lowe, Josh Naylor, and Spencer Horwitz. Delgado, LaRoche, Harper, Moustakas, and Pederson are the only five players to have hit home runs into McCovey Cove as members of two visiting teams. Moustakas is the only player to get a splash hit as both an American League and National League player while a member of the Kansas City Royals and the Cincinnati Reds.

Every National League team has had at least one player hit a home run into McCovey Cove. The last club to have a player hit a ball into the water for the first time was the Cincinnati Reds, doing so in April 2021. Of the 15 American League teams, only six (the Boston Red Sox, the Texas Rangers, the Chicago White Sox, the Kansas City Royals, the Cleveland Guardians, and the Toronto Blue Jays) have had a player hit a home run into McCovey Cove. No player for the Houston Astros has hit a home run into McCovey Cove since the Astros moved to the American League in 2013.

Luis Gonzalez ' splash hit on May 30, 2002, Dioner Navarro 's splash hit on July 20, 2011, and Max Muncy 's splash hit on June 9, 2019, are the only three instances where a splash hit accounted for the only run of a game.

Brian Giles of the San Diego Padres is the only visitor to lead off with a splash hit, doing so on August 24, 2008.

On August 14, 2024, Michael Harris II of the Atlanta Braves became the first visitor to hit a grand slam into McCovey Cove.

Two visiting players have hit McCovey Cove on the fly in the postseason. Rick Ankiel of the Braves hit the Cove in the 11th inning of Game 2 of the 2010 National League Division Series on October 8, 2010; his run would go on to be the winning run for the Braves. Bryce Harper became the second visitor to hit the water in the postseason in the seventh inning of Game 4 of the 2014 National League Division Series on October 7, 2014, as a member of the Washington Nationals.

Tim Lincecum has surrendered the most splash hits to visitors, having done so six times. The other Giants pitchers to give up multiple splash hits are Johnny Cueto with five; Madison Bumgarner with four; Matt Cain, Ryan Vogelsong, and Hunter Strickland with three; and Brett Tomko, Matt Morris, Kevin Correia, Tim Hudson, Matt Moore, and Anthony DeSclafani twice each. Correia is the only pitcher to have given up a splash hit both as a Giant and as a visiting pitcher while pitching for the Los Angeles Dodgers in 2014.

Three Giants pitchers have surrendered splash hits to the same visiting player twice each: Morris to Carlos Delgado on April 26, 2006, and May 9, 2007; Lincecum to Adam LaRoche on August 11, 2007, and August 27, 2010; and Bumgarner to Carlos González on April 8, 2013, and April 11, 2014.

Players from the Giants and visiting teams have hit home runs into McCovey Cove in the same game four times: on May 28, 2001 (Felipe Crespo and Mark Grace); July 4, 2011 (Pablo Sandoval and Will Venable); May 12, 2014 (Tyler Colvin and Freddie Freeman); and August 9, 2019 (Stephen Vogt and Bryce Harper).

On September 29, 2009, two different visiting players hit home runs into the Cove in the same game for the first time: Miguel Montero and Justin Upton of the Arizona Diamondbacks. Upton also became the first right-handed batter to ever hit the Cove, a feat that is normally expected to be accomplished by left-handed batters.

Daulton Varsho 's splash hit on September 5, 2020 marked his first MLB career home run. Charlie Blackmon 's splash hit on June 7, 2022 marked his 200th career home run.


Hurricane Francine (2024)


Dash Rip Rock

# Dash Rip Rock

## Abstract

Dash Rip Rock is an American rock band. The band is best known for its cowpunk sound, which mixes punk rock, rockabilly, hard rock, country and boogie. The New York Times stated that Dash Rip Rock combines “fluency in American roots music with a robust dose of punk-rock spirit.” Dash Rip Rock has toured consistently for decades. Bill Davis, Dash Rip Rock's founder and frontman, is a songwriter known for his blistering guitar work. Spin praised Dash Rip Rock as “undeniably the South’s greatest rock band.” In 2012, Dash Rip Rock was inducted into the Louisiana Music Hall of Fame.

"Their roots sound's supercharged with energy and an overdose of irreverence, delivered with crunchy swagger," Creative Loafing wrote.

## History

Guitarist, songwriter, and vocalist Bill Davis formed Dash Rip Rock as a three-piece band during the summer of 1984. Davis was influenced by the early 1980s American roots rock revival, embodied by such acts as Rank and File, The LeRoi Brothers, The Beat Farmers, The Stray Cats, and Jason & the Scorchers.

The other two original members were bassist Ned "Hoaky" Hickel and F. Clarke Martty on drums. All three were veterans of the post-punk scene. Originally, the band focused on revved up country and rockabilly, with Martty playing a simple stand-up drum kit and members sporting cowboy shirts, and bolo ties. "No one can replace Bill Davis," the Austin Chronicle wrote in 2008. "He’s the brains behind Dash’s brawn, a barroom poet with a wicked sense of humor and a shameless knack for a good lick. He doesn't mind taking good-natured potshots at New Orleans icons like Aaron Neville but he’s capable of writing memorable heartbreakers like “Endeavor.”

Dash Rip Rock released a self-titled debut album in 1986 on 688 Records. In 1988 the band recorded its second album, Ace of Clubs, on Mammoth Records. Dash Rip Rock toured with The Cramps, The Reverend Horton Heat, The dB's and others. In the 1990s, Dash Rip Rock's song "Let's Go Smoke Some Pot", a parody of Danny and the Juniors ' " At the Hop " became a tongue-in-cheek staple of the band's live shows and a nationwide radio hit that has since been covered by many bands. The parody has been adopted by some as a pro-marijuana song. Its popularity soars on April 20 every year

In 2005 Jello Biafra released Dash Rip Rock's retrospective CD Recyclone on the Alternative Tentacles label, followed in 2007 by Dash's first concept album, a punk rock opera based on Dante's Inferno, Hee Haw Hell. August 1, 2008 saw the release of a new studio album, Country Girlfriend.

In 2010, the Houston Press deemed DRR one of the "Top 10 Louisiana Bands of All Time." Bill Davis was also featured in the documentary, Outside Industry: The Story of SXSW. In 2010, Dash Rip Rock's song "Johnny Ace" was featured in the video game Rock Band.

In 2011, Bill Davis also joined Jello Biafra to form Jello Biafra and the New Orleans Raunch & Soul All-Stars. After selecting songs and recruiting musicians, DRR's Bill Davis and this one-time-only band of mostly-Louisiana rockers played a special show in New Orleans. The band featured Jello Biafra, Bill Davis (Dash Rip Rock), Pepper Keenan (DOWN and Corrosion of Conformity), and others.

In 2012, Dash Rip Rock was inducted into the Louisiana Music Hall of Fame. In November 2012, Alternative Tentacles Dash Rip Rock released DRR's new album Black Liquor. It was recorded at Studio in the Country in Bogalusa, Louisiana, and produced by Ben Mumphrey. Bill Davis of Dash Rip Rock also cut the track "Rock 'N' Roll Clown" for an album by The Vibrators that was released on Cleopatra Records in 2013. Dash Rip Rock also recorded a tribute album to Billy Joe Shaver that was released in 2013 on Whiskey Bayou Records. It was produced by Tab Benoit. In 2013 Dash Rip Rock played back-up for a one-time only show with southern rock pioneers Jim "Dandy" Mangum and Rickey Lee “Risky” Reynolds of Black Oak Arkansas. In 2014 Punk News announced that Bill Davis of Dash Rip Rock would be appearing on lead guitar and lead vocals on a track on a forthcoming Black Oak Arkansas tribute album with Greg Ginn of Black Flag, Paul Leary and Jeff Pinkus of Butthole Surfers, Shooter Jennings, and others. Mutants of the Monster: A Tribute to Black Oak Arkansas was released by Saustex Records in 2016.

In 2023, Dash Rip Rock released the album Cowpunk. It was produced and engineered by Dave Catching at Rancho de La Luna recording studio in Joshua Tree, California.

In February 2024, Dash Rip Rock's Bill Davis lost his friend, mentor, former touring partner, and former Otis bandmate, Mojo Nixon, while Dash Rip Rock was performing on SiriusXM's Outlaw Country Cruise.

In August 2024, Dash Rip Rock recorded six songs for a forthcoming vinyl EP at Dial Back Sound in Water Valley, Mississippi. The session was produced by Bobby Matt Patton, bassist for the Drive-By Truckers and owner of Dial Back Sound Studio. Patton has also played with Laura Jane Grace & the Mississippi Medicals, the Dexateens, and Model Citizen. In 2024, Dash Rip Rock's Bill Davis contributed lead guitar tracks for the Laura Jane Grace & the Mississippi Medicals song "Razor Blade Blues."

## Discography

### Studio albums

- Dash Rip Rock (1986, 688 Records)

- Ace of Clubs (1989, Mammoth Records)

- Not of This World (1990, Mammoth Records)

- Tiger Town (1993, Doctor Dream Records)

- Get You Some of Me (1996, Ichiban Records/Naked Language Records)

- Paydirt (1998, P.C. Records)

- Sonic Boom (2002, Write On Records)

- Hee Haw Hell (2007, Alternative Tentacles)

- Country Girlfriend (2008, Abitian)

- Call of the Wild (2010, Alternative Tentacles)

- Black Liquor (2012, Alternative Tentacles)

- Dash Does Shaver (2013, Whiskey Bayou Records)

- Wrongheaded (2015, Drag Snake Records)

- Cowpunk (2023, Drag Snake/Whiskey Tan Records)

### Live albums

- Boiled Alive! (1991, Mammoth Records)

### Compilations

- Dash Rip Rock's Gold Record (1996, Ichiban)

- Testosterone (1997, Festival Records)

- Hits and Giggles (2000, Pravda)

- Recyclone (2004, Alternative Tentacles)


1990 in Germany

# 1990 in Germany

## Abstract

Events in the year 1990 in the Federal Republic of Germany and East Germany.

## Incumbents

### Federal Republic of Germany

- President – Richard von Weizsäcker

- Chancellor – Helmut Kohl

### East Germany (until 2 October)

- Head of State Manfred Gerlach (until 5 April 1990) Sabine Bergmann-Pohl (5 April – 2 October 1990)

- Manfred Gerlach (until 5 April 1990)

- Sabine Bergmann-Pohl (5 April – 2 October 1990)

- Head of Government Hans Modrow (until 12 April 1990) Lothar de Maizière (12 April – 2 October 1990)

- Hans Modrow (until 12 April 1990)

- Lothar de Maizière (12 April – 2 October 1990)

## Events

- Die Wende

- 29 March - Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 1990

### January

- January 15 - East German demonstrations: Demonstrators in East Berlin stormed the headquarters of Stasi

### February

- February 2 - Rüsselsheim train disaster

- February 9-20 - 40th Berlin International Film Festival

### March

- 18 March – 1990 East German general election

### July

- 1 July – German reunification: The Deutsche Mark became East Germany's currency with the West, replacing the East German mark

- 8 July - West Germany defeats Argentina 1–0 to win the 1990 FIFA World Cup.

### August

- 23 August – German reunification: East Germany votes to dissolve its independence and will join with West Germany effective on the 3rd of October

- 31 August – German reunification: West and East Germany signed a unification treaty

### September

- 12 September - German reunification: Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany

### October

- 1 October – The first banknotes (100 and 200) of the fourth series of Deutsche Mark enter circulation

- 3 October – German reunification: West and East Germany reunified as a single Germany. Berlin becomes the official capital

### November

- 14 November – German–Polish Border Treaty

### December

- 2 December – 1990 German federal election

## Births

- 4 January – Toni Kroos, German footballer

- 28 January - Markus Deibler, German swimmer

- 30 January – Nils Miatke, German footballer

- 18 March - Wilson Gonzalez Ochsenknecht, German actor

- 10 April – Christoph Harting, German athlete specialising in the discus throw

- 14 April – Markus Smarzoch, German footballer

- 21 April - Sebastian Walter, German politician

- 30 April - Michael Schulte, German singer

- 7 May - Sideris Tasiadis, German canoeist

- 12 May - Tobias Strobl, German footballer

- 1 June – Kieren Emery, German-English rower

- 3 June – Fabian Götze, German footballer

- 7 June – Benjamin Woltmann, German footballer

- 14 June - Robert Hering, German sprinter

- 2 July - Roman Lob, German singer

- 4 July - David Kross, German actor

- 21 August – Jana Majunke, German Paralympic cyclist

- 6 November – André Schürrle, German footballer

- 10 November - Kristina Vogel, German cyclist

- 18 November – Kira Walkenhorst, German beach volleyball player

## Deaths

- 8 January - Horst Freiherr Treusch von Buttlar-Brandenfels, German general (born 1900)

- 20 March - Wilhelm Neef, German composer and conductor (born 1916)

- 28 March - Kurt Scharf, German clergyman and bishop of the Evangelical Church in Berlin-Brandenburg (born 1902)

- 14 April - Martin Kessel, German writer (born 1901)

- 15 April - Helmut Lemke, German politician (born 1907)

- 20 April - Horst Sindermann, German politician (born 1915)

- 5 May - Walter Bruch, German electrical engineer (born 1908)

- 9 July - Horst Rittel, German design theorist (born 1930)

- 9 July - Friedrich Wegener, German pathologist (born 1907)

- 14 July – Walter Sedlmayr, German actor (born 1926)

- 7 August - Gebhard Müller, German politician (born 1900)

- 23 August - Karl II, 8th Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg. German nobleman (born 1904)

- 29 October - Volker von Collande, German actor and film director (born 1913)

- 24 November – Helga Feddersen, German actress, comedian, singer, author, and theater director (born 1930)

- 7 December - Horst Bienek, German economist (born 1930)