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Question: Martin Luther King , Jr. 's famous speech of `` I Have a Dream '' spoke of the Gettysburg Address .

Lincoln 's Gettysburg Address is itself referenced in another of those famed orations , Martin Luther King , Jr. 's `` I Have a Dream '' speech .

American Civil War scholar Garry Wills addresses the parallels of Pericles ' funeral oration to Abraham Lincoln 's famous speech the Gettysburg Address .


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Question: Craig R. Smith , In `` Criticism of Political Rhetoric and Disciplinary Integrity '' , suggested that the Gettysburg Address was influenced by the speech of Massachusetts Senator Daniel Webster . In his `` Second Reply to Hayne '' , Webster had famously cried out , `` Liberty and Union , now and forever , one and inseparable '' !

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Craig R. Smith , in `` Criticism of Political Rhetoric and Disciplinary Integrity '' , suggested Lincoln 's view of the government as expressed in the Gettysburg Address was influenced by the noted speech of Massachusetts Senator Daniel Webster , the `` Second Reply to Hayne '' , in which Webster famously thundered `` Liberty and Union , now and forever , one and inseparable ! ''

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Several theories have been advanced by Lincoln scholars to explain the provenance of Lincoln 's famous phrase `` government of the people , by the people , for the people . ''


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Question: The Gettysburg Address is a speech by U.S. President Abraham Lincoln .

The Gettysburg Address is a speech by U.S. President Abraham Lincoln and is one of the best-known speeches in United States history .

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['Represent this text in order to find another text from Wikipedia that is very very similar (same meaning etc.) but maybe slightly different words', 'The crater is more than 180 km ( 110 mi ) in diameter , making the feature one of the largest confirmed impact structures on Earth ; the impacting bolide that formed the crater was at least 10 km ( 6 mi ) in diameter .'] == ['Represent this input text to find a Wikipedia text with the same meaning and length:', 'The Chicxulub crater is more than 180 km ( 110 mi ) in diameter , making it the third largest confirmed impact crater . The bolide which formed the crater was at least 10 km ( 6 mi ) in diameter .']

It was named after William H. Seward , United States Secretary of State under Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson .


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Question: There has been some controversy about the two earliest drafts of the Address .

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The two earliest drafts of the Address are associated with some confusion and controversy regarding their existence and provenance .

Two notable exceptions are dedicated to the death of members of his family .


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Question: Everett , who was collecting the speeches at the Gettysburg dedication into one book to sell for hurt soldiers at New York 's Sanitary Commission Fair , had asked for it .

Everett was collecting the speeches at the Gettysburg dedication into one bound volume to sell for the benefit of stricken soldiers at New York 's Sanitary Commission Fair .

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This story is at odds with the existence of several early drafts on Executive Mansion stationery as well as the reports of Lincoln 's final editing while a guest of David Wills in Gettysburg .


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Question: Everett was a very famous orator at that time .

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At that time , Everett was a widely famed orator .

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Wilhelm , nineteen years old at this time , was a quick student of the English language .


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Question: The Hay Draft was different from the Gettysburg Address printed by Nicolay in 1894 in many important ways . For example , it was written on a different kind of paper , had a different number of words on every line , had a different number of lines , and had corrections in Lincoln 's handwriting .

The Hay Draft differed from the version of the Gettysburg Address published by John Nicolay in 1894 in a number of significant ways : it was written on a different type of paper , had a different number of words per line and number of lines , and contained editorial revisions in Lincoln 's hand .

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As this fourth copy was written on both sides of the paper , it proved unusable for this purpose , and Bancroft was allowed to keep it .


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Question: At first , they planned to buy land for a cemetery and ask the families of the dead to pay for the burial .

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Initially , the town planned to buy land for a cemetery and then ask the families of the dead to pay for their burial .

From this point onward he began living a radical Christian life giving his property over to his wife , while the remainder of his belongings he distributed as alms to the poor .


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Question: Others , such as Allen C. Guelzo , suggested that Lincoln 's expression `` four score and seven '' was about the King James Version of the Bible 's . There , man 's life is described as `` threescore years and ten ; and if by reason of strength they be fourscore years '' .

Others , including Allen C. Guelzo , the director of Civil War Era studies at Gettysburg College in Pennsylvania , suggested that Lincoln 's formulation `` four score and seven '' was an allusion to the King James Version of the Bible 's , in which man 's lifespan is given as `` threescore years and ten ; and if by reason of strength they be fourscore years . ''

The million is sometimes used in the English language as a metaphor for a very large number , as in `` Never in a million years '' and `` You 're one in a million '' , or a hyperbole , as in `` I 've walked a million miles '' and `` You 've asked the million dollar question '' .


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Question: Many years have passed after the Address was delivered , but it is still one of the most famous speeches in American history .

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In the many generations that have passed since the Address , it has remained among the most famous speeches in American history .

Acknowledged for the quality of her writing , her diary has become one of the world 's most widely read books , and has been the basis for several plays and films .


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Question: NPR allows people to hear the record around Lincoln 's birthday .

NPR continues to air them around Lincoln 's birthday .

They also mentioned Colbert 's role in making the word `` truthiness '' .


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Question: That was the greatest purpose of Lincoln 's Address at Gettysburg .

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That goal was the chief aim of Lincoln 's Address at Gettysburg .

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In Garry Wills 's view , '' had done what he wanted to do . ''


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Question: In 1906 , it was first announced that the Hay Copy had been discovered . It had been found among the papers of John Hay when people were searching for the `` original manuscript '' of the Address .

The existence of the Hay Copy was first announced to the public in 1906 , after the search for the `` original manuscript '' of the Address among the papers of John Hay brought it to light .

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For instance, <<['Represent this input text to find a Wikipedia text with the same meaning and length', "Cantonese speakers more often write the word today as æ ` æ , also pronounced gam1 gwat1 ( gÄ n jÃ in Mandarin , literally `` little tangerine orange '' ) ."]>>  to <<['Represent this text in order to find another text from Wikipedia that is very very similar (same meaning etc.) but maybe slightly different words', "The alternate name æ ` æ , also pronounced gam1 gwat1 in Cantonese ( gÄ n jÃ in Mandarin , literally `` large tangerine orange '' ) is now more commonly written by Cantonese speakers ."]>>

The Bliss Copy , named for Colonel Alexander Bliss , Bancroft 's stepson and publisher of Autograph Leaves , is the only draft to which Lincoln affixed his signature .


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Question: The Castro government claimed Cintas ' properties after it became powerful in 1959 . But Cintas , who died in 1957 , had willed the Gettysburg Address to the American people , if it would be kept at the White House .

Cintas ' properties were claimed by the Castro government after the Cuban Revolution in 1959 , but Cintas , who died in 1957 , willed the Gettysburg Address to the American people , provided it would be kept at the White House , where it was transferred in 1959 .

She also praised Rangel 's colony era work which was used `` to denounce colonial dictatorship '' , and pointed out that many of Rangel 's photographs had been banned until Mozambique 's independence .


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Question: In August 1963 , King spoke of President Lincoln and his well-known words : `` Five score years ago , a great American , in whose symbolic shadow we stand today , signed the Emancipation Proclamation .

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Standing on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial in August 1963 , King began with a reference to President Lincoln and his enduring words : `` Five score years ago , a great American , in whose symbolic shadow we stand today , signed the Emancipation Proclamation .

Craig R. Smith , in `` Criticism of Political Rhetoric and Disciplinary Integrity '' , suggested Lincoln 's view of the government as expressed in the Gettysburg Address was influenced by the noted speech of Massachusetts Senator Daniel Webster , the `` Second Reply to Hayne '' , in which Webster famously thundered `` Liberty and Union , now and forever , one and inseparable ! ''


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Question: `` But they , I am sure , will join us in saying , as we bid farewell to the dust of these martyr-heroes , the glorious annals of our common country , there will be no brighter page than that which relates the Battles of Gettysburg '' .

`` But they , I am sure , will join us in saying , as we bid farewell to the dust of these martyr-heroes , that wheresoever throughout the civilized world the accounts of this great warfare are read , and down to the latest period of recorded time , in the glorious annals of our common country , there will be no brighter page than that which relates the Battles of Gettysburg . ''

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`` Every stenographic report , good , bad and indifferent , says ` that the nation shall , under God , have a new birth of freedom . '


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Question: The following day , Everett wrote a letter to Lincoln . In the letter , he praised the President for his speech , saying , `` I should be glad if I could flatter myself that I came as near to the central ( main ) idea of the occasion , in two hours , as you did in two minutes '' .

In a letter to Lincoln written the following day , Everett praised the President for his eloquent and concise speech , saying , `` I should be glad if I could flatter myself that I came as near to the central idea of the occasion , in two hours , as you did in two minutes . ''

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Question: Scholars are not sure if the Nicolay Copy was actually the copy Lincoln read from at Gettysburg on November 19 .

Scholars disagree over whether the Nicolay Copy was actually the reading copy Lincoln held at Gettysburg on November 19 .

William R. Rathvon is the only known eyewitness of both Lincoln 's arrival at Gettysburg and the address itself to have left an audio recording of his recollections .


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Question: `` He took down what he declared was the exact language of Lincoln 's associates confirmed his testimony , which was received , as it deserved to be at its face value '' .

His associates confirmed his testimony , which was received , as it deserved to be at its face value . ''


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Question: The characteristics of this secret or key are determined by the system which uses it ; some system require that such keys be in a specific format .

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The characteristics of this secret or key are determined by the system which uses it ; some system designs require that such keys be in a particular format .

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On the other hand , block ASCII artists argue that if their art uses only characters of the computers character set , then it is to be called ASCII , regardless if the character set is proprietary or not .


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Question: In cryptography , a pre-shared key or PSK is a shared secret which was previously shared between the two parties using some secure channel before it is used .

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In cryptography , a pre-shared key or PSK is a shared secret which was previously shared between the two parties using some secure channel before it needs to be used .

There are other types of cryptographic protocols as well , and even the term itself has various different readings ; Cryptographic application protocols often use one or more underlying key agreement methods , which are also sometimes themselves referred to as `` cryptographic protocols '' . For instance , TLS employs what is known as the Diffie-Hellman key exchange , which although it is only a part of TLS per se , Diffie-Hellman may be seen as a complete cryptographic protocol in itself for other applications .


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Question: He is the first official boss of the modern Genovese crime family .

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He was the first official boss of the modern Genovese crime family .

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It is the precursor of the Holy Roman Empire .


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The provided query could be '['Represent this text in order to find another text from Wikipedia that is very very similar (same meaning etc.) but maybe slightly different words', 'If a syllable ends with a consonant , it is called a closed syllable .']' and the positive '['Represent the natural language.', 'A coda-less syllable of the form V , CV , CCV , etc. is called an open syllable ( or free syllable ) , while a syllable that has a coda ( VC , CVC , CVCC , etc. ) is called a closed syllable ( or checked syllable ) .']' and the negative '['Represent this input text to find a Wikipedia text with the same meaning and length', "`` If a part of the measure that is usually unstressed is accented , the rhythm is considered to be syncopated . ''"]'

Question: Charles `` Lucky '' Luciano ( born Salvatore Lucania ; November 24 , 1897 â `` January 26 , 1962 ) was a Sicilian mobster .

Charlie `` Lucky '' Luciano ( born Salvatore Lucania ; November 24 , 1897 â `` January 26 , 1962 ) was an Italian mobster born in Sicily .

Pearl `` Polly '' Adler ( April 16 , 1900 â `` June 11 , 1962 ) was a Russian-Jewish madam and author .


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Question: As a historical region , it includes Parthia , Media and eastern Persia , the heartlands of Greater Persia ( mainly Iran , Afghanistan , and Pakistan west of the River Indus ) .

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As a historical region , it includes Parthia , Media and eastern Persia , the heartlands of Greater Iran ( mainly Iran , Afghanistan and Pakistan ) .

Tajik ( TÄ jÄ `` k ; ) is a general designation for a wide range of Persian-speaking people of Ariana origin , with traditional homelands in present-day Afghanistan , Tajikistan , and southern Uzbekistan .


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Question: The Stadium of Light is a football stadium in Sunderland , England .

The Stadium of Light is an all-seater football stadium in Sunderland , England .

Maine Road was a football stadium in Moss Side , Manchester , England .


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Question: It is the current home stadium of Sunderland A.F.C. .

The stadium primarily hosts Sunderland A.F.C. matches .

It is notable as the nearest station to Stamford Bridge stadium , the home of Chelsea Football Club .


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Question: Other kinds of oil are made from crude oil ( petroleum ) which comes from under the ground . People use large oil wells to bring the oil to the top of the ground .

The oil that is pumped from the ground is then shipped via oil tanker to an oil refinery .

Gasoline , coal , natural gas , diesel , minerals like copper , and other commodities derived from fossil fuels are non-renewable .


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Question: Charles Bradford `` Brad '' Henry ( born June 10 , 1963 ) is the Governor of the U.S. state of Oklahoma .

Charles Bradford `` Brad '' Henry ( born July 10 , 1963 ) was the 26th Governor of the U.S. state of Oklahoma .

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Robert Renfroe `` Bob '' Riley ( born October 3 , 1944 ) is an American politician in the Republican Party .


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Question: Thus , the Postmaster General is no longer a member of the Cabinet and is no longer in line to be President .

Thus , the Postmaster General is no longer a member of the Cabinet and is no longer in Presidential succession .

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Initially , it was unclear whether the Vice President actually became the new President or merely an acting President .


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Question: Carmit Bachar ( born September 4 , 1974 ) is an American singer and actress .

Carmit Bachar ( ; born September 4 , 1974 ) is an American singer , dancer , model and actress .

Erin Zariah Sanders ( born January 19 , 1991 ) is an American actress .


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Question: Xiahou Dun was an important general under Cao Cao .

His noted accomplishments included conquest of Xiaopei and the subsequent victory over a relief force led by Xiahou Dun , a prominent general under Cao Cao .

Dong Zhuo was assassinated in 192 by his foster son LÃ 1\/4 Bu as part of a plot orchestrated by Interior Minister Wang Yun .


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Question: In the later period of the Han dynasty , Gao Shun served LÃ 1\/4 Bu .

Gao Shun ( died 198 ) was a military general serving under the warlord LÃ 1\/4 Bu during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history .

China fell into civil war when Dong was killed in 192 by his foster son LÃ 1\/4 Bu .


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Question: Gao Shun was execution with his lord , LÃ 1\/4 Bu .

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The heads of LÃ 1\/4 Bu , Chen Gong , Gao Shun and others were sent to Xuchang and subsequently were buried .


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Question: In the same year , however , Cao Cao himself came and attacked LÃ 1\/4 Bu 's base city , Xiapi .

In the same year , however , Cao personally laid a siege on LÃ 1\/4 Bu 's base in Xiapi , and defeated and captured LÃ 1\/4 .

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In 1621 ( Ming Dynasty ) , another short-lived kingdom of Daliang ( å æ cents ) was established by She Chongming ( å cents å æ ) with Chongqing as its capital .


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Question: In the later period of the Han dynasty , Gao Shun served LÃ 1\/4 Bu . He grew to be known as one of LÃ 1\/4 Bu 's best commanders .

Although LÃ 1\/4 Bu knew Gao Shun was very loyal , his advice was not always welcome .

Perhaps the most popular story about Dong Zhuo was the fictional love triangle involving Dong Zhuo , LÃ 1\/4 Bu and Diaochan , which eventually led to the death of Dong Zhuo in the hands of his own adoptive son , LÃ 1\/4 Bu .


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Question: Xiahou Dun was an important general under Cao Cao . In the same year , however , Cao Cao himself came and attacked LÃ 1\/4 Bu 's base city , Xiapi .

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Question: He grew to be known as one of LÃ 1\/4 Bu 's best commanders .

He then seized Xiao 's treasure and provisions , and promised to present them to LÃ 1\/4 Bu . When he reneged on his words , however , LÃ 1\/4 Bu went to ask for the goods himself .

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He is a rÃ pÃ titeur at the Amsterdam Conservatory .


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Question: Alternative metal is a type of heavy metal in the alternative music genre .

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Alternative metal is a genre of heavy metal that gained popularity in the early 1990s .

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Post-hardcore is a genre of music that developed from hardcore punk , itself an offshoot of the broader punk rock movement .


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Question: Characteristics of alternative metal music are heavy guitar riffs , syncopation , uncommon time signatures , and unusual techniques . Alternative metal is like regular heavy music , but it can be more experimental .

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Most notably , alternative metal bands are characterized by heavy guitar riffs ; typically , these riffs have a pronounced experimental edge , including unconventional lyrics , odd time signatures , more syncopation than typical metal , unusual technique , a resistance to conventional approaches to heavy music and an incorporation of a wide range of influences outside of the metal music scene .

Influenced by punk music growing up , Hanneman stated that the genre influenced Slayer 's sound to make and create a faster and more aggressive approach .


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Question: Prof. Dr. Norbert Lammert ( born November 16 , 1948 in Bochum ) is a German politician , and a member of the CDU party .

Norbert Lammert ( born 16 November 1948 in Bochum ) is a German politician ( CDU ) .

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Sabine Bergmann-Pohl nÃ e Schulz ( born 20 April 1946 ) is a German politician . A member of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany ( CDU ) , she was president of the People 's Chamber of the German Democratic Republic from April to October 1990 and as such the last head of state .


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Question: Vltava is a river which flows through the Czech Republic and its capital city , Prague . Composer BedÅ ich Smetana wrote a symphonic poem about this river , sometimes called `` The Moldau '' .

The best-known of the classical Czech composer BedÅ ich Smetana 's set of six symphonic poems MÃ vlast ( `` My Motherland '' ) is called Vltava ( or The Moldau ) , and is a musical depiction of the river 's course through Bohemia .

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In the winter and spring of 1893 , while in New York , DvoÅ Ã k wrote Symphony No. 9 , `` From the New World '' .


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Given ['represent this input text to find a wikipedia text with the same meaning and length', "It was found by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard , et al . in 2000 , and given the designation ' ."], a positive would be ['Represent this text in order to find another text from Wikipedia that is very very similar (same meaning etc.) but maybe slightly different words', "It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard et al in 2000 , and given the temporary designation ' ."] & a negative would be ['Represent the sentence for finding a Wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning', '7066 Nessus ( ; from ) is a centaur ( a type of icy planetoid ) that was discovered by David L. Rabinowitz , working with Spacewatch , at Kitt Peak on 26 April 1993 .']

Question: Hermaville is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .

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Hermaville is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France .

Pernes ( or Pernes-en-Artois ) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France .


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Question: On February 11 , Vice President Omar Suleiman made an announcement . He said that Mubarak agreed to leave office .

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On 11 February 2011 , the Vice President of Egypt Omar Suleiman announced that Mubarak had stepped down as President of Egypt as a result of the popular protests starting on January 25 .

On 8 March 2004 , Yudhoyono sent a letter asking for permission to meet the president about his ministerial authority . Megawati did not respond when she received the letter , although she invited Yudhoyono along to a cabinet meeting on 11 March 2004 .


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Question: The Japanese equivalent of a sash , called an obi , serves to hold a kimono together .

The Japanese equivalent of a sash , obi , serves to hold a kimono or yukata together .

References to wakizashi use date at least back to the sixteenth century . Originally , the term wakizashi was used to mean any sword worn on the side of the main sword .


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Question: A sash is of a cloth belt used to hold a robe together , and usually tied about the waist .

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A sash ( , shash ) is a cloth belt used to hold a robe together , and is usually tied about the waist .

Toward the end of the Three Kingdoms period , noblewomen began to wear full-length skirts and hip-length jackets belted at the waist and noblemen began to wear roomy trousers bound in at the ankles and a narrow , tunic-style jacket cuffed at the wrists and belted at the waist .


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Question: Cotton Plant is a city of the state of Arkansas in the United States of America .

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Fewshot example: "['Represent this text in order to find another text from Wikipedia that is very very similar (same meaning etc.) but maybe slightly different words', 'Neil Ellwood Peart ( ; born September 12 , 1952 ) OC , is a Canadian musician and author .']" == "['Represent this input text to find a Wikipedia text with the same meaning and length:', 'Neil Peart ( born Neil Ellwood Peart , September 12 , 1952 , Hamilton , Ontario ) is a Canadian musician and author .']"

Cotton Plant is a city in Woodruff County , Arkansas , United States .

Walnut Ridge is a city in Lawrence County , Arkansas , United States .


Question: `` Evolution consists mainly of changes in the frequencies of alleles between one generation and another '' .

Formulations such as ` evolution consists primarily of changes in the frequencies of alleles between one generation and another ' were proposed rather later .

He said that chromosomes were `` independent entities which retain their independence even in the resting nucleua ... What comes out of the nucleus is what goes into it '' .


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Question: It bridged the gap between different types of biologists : geneticists , naturalists , and palaeontologists .

The modern synthesis bridged the gap between experimental geneticists and naturalists , and between palaeontologists . It states that :

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Energetics is the pseudo-scientific study of energy under transformation . Because energy flows at all scales , from the quantum level to the biosphere and cosmos , energetics is a very broad discipline , encompassing for example thermodynamics , chemistry , biological energetics , biochemistry and ecological energetics .


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Question: Key biologists who contributed work to the synthesis included : Julian Huxley , Theodosius Dobzhansky , Ernst Mayr , Ronald Fisher , J.B.S. Haldane , Sewall Wright , G.G. Simpson , E.B. Ford , Bernhard Rensch and G. Ledyard Stebbins .

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Julian Huxley invented the term , when he produced his book , Evolution : The Modern Synthesis ( 1942 ) . Other major figures in the modern synthesis include R. A. Fisher , Theodosius Dobzhansky , J. B. S. Haldane , Sewall Wright , E. B. Ford , Ernst Mayr , Bernhard Rensch , Sergei Chetverikov , George Gaylord Simpson , and G. Ledyard Stebbins .

In response to the rise of European fascism in the 1930s he was asked to write We Europeans with the ethnologist A.C. Haddon , zoologist Alexander Carr-Saunders and historian of science Charles Singer .


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Question: Ahab or Ach ` av or Achab in Douay-Rheims was King of Israel and the son of Omri .

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Ahab or Ach ` av or Achab in Douay-Rheims was king of Israel and the son and successor of Omri according to the Hebrew Bible .

The historical Maccabees are referred to again in Chapter 15 , which describes the three brothers Judas , Meqabis ( Simon Maccabaeus ) and Mebikyas ( Jonathan Maccabee ) as leading a successful revolt against the evil king Akrandis of Midian , who was oppressing Israel .


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Question: He continually rebukes Ahab for being so disobeying to the LORD , and when Ahab summoned all the prophets of Baal against Elijah at Mount Carmel , and set two altars for them , Elijah won by calling on God and letting fire come and burn the sacrifice , and the prophets of Baal were immediately killed by the Israelites .

This encounter ends with Elijah victorious over the official Baal prophets of Israel in a contest held for the sake of the Israelites and their king , Ahab . The contest ends when Elijah 's God consumes the offering which the Baal worshipers could not induce their god to touch , after which Elijah slaughters the Baal prophets ( 1 Kings 18:17 -40 ) .

To the left God produces the tables of the law , Adam and Eve partake of the forbidden fruit , the brazen serpent is reared aloft , and punishment supervenes in the shape of death and the realm of Satan .


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Question: People with a lactose intolerance or a milk allergy often replace milk by a substitute .

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Lactose intolerance or a milk allergy can prompt the use of milk substitutes ; they are also consumed by vegans .

Soya yoghurt , a non-dairy yoghurt alternative , is made from soy milk ; this is not an animal product , being made from soy beans .


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Question: In milk substitutes many of the ingredients of milk are replaced : A milk substitute may contain fat and proteins obtained from plants .

Some milk substitutes are more healthy than milk , by being lower in cholesterol and\/or saturated fat .

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Discussions concerning the nutritional value of margarines and spreads revolve around two aspects â '' the total amount of fat , and the types of fat ( saturated fat , trans fat ) .


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Question: The rings of Uranus were discovered on March 10 , 1977 , by James L. Elliot , Edward W. Dunham , and Douglas J. Mink .

The ring system was definitively discovered on March 10 , 1977 by James L. Elliot , Edward W. Dunham , and Douglas J. Mink using the Kuiper Airborne Observatory .

It was finally recovered on September 24 , 2003 , by Scott S. Sheppard on images obtained by David C. Jewitt and himself on August 29-30 and September 20 of that year .


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Question: The newly discovered outer rings of Uranus are similar to the outer G and E rings of Saturn .

These new rings are so far from the planet that they are called the `` outer '' ring system .

Puck is the largest of small inner moons of Uranus , which orbit inside the orbit of Miranda .


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Given ['represent this text in order to find another text from wikipedia that is very very similar (same meaning etc.) but maybe slightly different words', "The giant huntsman spider ( ' , from ' , meaning â the largestâ ) is a spider of the Heteropoda genus . It is found in Laos , where it was discovered in 2001 ."], a positive would be ['Represent the sentence for finding a Wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning', 'The giant huntsman spider was discovered in northern Laos in 2001 .'] & a negative would be ['Represent the sentence for finding a Wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning.', 'Bengal monitor ( Varanus bengalensis ) or Common Indian Monitor , is a monitor lizard found widely distributed over South Asia .']

Question: Two additional rings were discovered in 1986 in images taken by the Voyager 2 , and two outer rings were found in 2003 â `` 2005 by the Hubble Space Telescope .

The rings were directly imaged when Voyager 2 passed Uranus in 1986 . Voyager 2 also discovered two additional faint rings bringing the total number to eleven .

The photographs taken by Voyager 1 showed Metis only as a dot , and hence knowledge about Metis was very limited until the arrival of the Galileo spacecraft .


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Question: As of 2010 people know that the Uranian ring system have 13 rings .

The new rings bring the total number of Uranian rings to 13 .

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If a solid object after all , would be 3 â ' 5 km in diameter based on brightness , and might be a shepherd satellite for the outer edge of Saturn 's F ring .


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Question: OpenZaurus is a Debian-based embedded Linux distribution for the Sharp Zaurus personal mobile tool PDA .

OpenZaurus is a defunct embedded operating system for the Sharp Zaurus personal mobile tool PDA .

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DSLinux is a port of the Linux operating system to the Nintendo DS .


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Question: The basement of folded metamorphic shales intruded by the Cape Granite are of late Precambrian age .

This has been intruded by the Cape Granite . Both rocks are of late Precambrian age .

The only convincing Triassic records are very earliest Triassic leaves from Nidpur , India , but even these records are somewhat questionable owing to faulting and complex juxtapositioning of Permian and Triassic strata at Nidpur .


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Question: Below the sandstone is a layer of micaceous shale , which weathers quite readily .

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Below the sandstone is a layer of micaceous basal shale , which weathers quite readily and is therefore not well exposed .

represent this input text to find a wikipedia text with the same meaning and length
Examples:

"['Represent the next text', 'The Palmengarten ( 29 hectares ) is one of two botanical gardens in Frankfurt am Main , Hesse , Germany , and is located in the city district Westend-Nord .']" == "['Represent this text in order to find another text from Wikipedia that is very very similar (same meaning etc.) but maybe slightly different words', 'The Palmengarten is one of two gardens in Frankfurt am Main . It is located in the city area Westend-Nord .']"

They also occur in association with black shales of deep sea origin .


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Question: The upper part of the mountain mesa ( table ) consists Silurian\/Ordovician quartzitic sandstone , commonly referred to as Table Mountain Sandstone ( TMS ) . It is highly resistant to weathering and forms steep gray crags .

The upper part of the mountain mesa consists of Ordovician quartzitic sandstone , commonly referred to as Table Mountain Sandstone ( TMS ) , which is highly resistant to erosion and forms characteristic steep gray crags .

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The `` Purbeck Marble '' of the Jurassic period and the `` Sussex Marble '' of the early Cretaceous period , which both occur in southern England , are limestones containing the tightly packed remains of the pond snail Viviparus .


Question: The three classes of United States Senators are made up of 33 or 34 senators .

The three classes of United States Senators are currently made up of 33 or 34 Senate seats , with the groups staggered so that one of three classes is up for election every two years .

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Illinois has 59 legislative districts , with two representatives and one senator from each correspondent district .


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Question: The particle in a 1-dimensional well is the most simple example showing that the energy of a particle can only have specific values .

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The particle in a 1-dimensional potential energy box is the most simple example where restraints lead to the quantization of energy levels .

Crystalline solids are found to have energy bands , instead of or in addition to energy levels .


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represent this input text to find a wikipedia text with the same meaning and length
Given ['Represent this input text to find a Wikipedia text with the same meaning and length', 'Artemis was born first , who then helped Leto to give birth to Apollo .'], a positive would be ['Represent this text in order to find another text from Wikipedia that is very very similar (same meaning etc.) but maybe slightly different words.', 'Some versions say Artemis helped her mother give birth to Apollo for nine days . Another variation states that Artemis was born one day before Apollo , on the island of Ortygia and that she helped Leto cross the sea to Delos the next day to give birth to Apollo .'] & a negative would be ['Represent this input text to find a Wikipedia text with the same meaning and length', 'In order to avoid a prophecy made when that change occurred , that any offspring of his union with Metis would be greater than he , Zeus swallowed Metis to prevent her from having offspring , but she already was pregnant with Athena .']

Question: Quantum mechanics is important to physics and chemistry .

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The application of quantum mechanics to chemistry is known as quantum chemistry .

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However , mathematicians like PoincarÃ and Arnold deny the existence of `` applied mathematics '' and claim that there are only `` applications of mathematics '' ; similarly , nonmathematicians blend applied mathematics and applications of mathematics . The use and development of mathematics to solve industrial problems is also called industrial mathematics .


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Question: It turned out that quantum mechanics was right , and that what Einstein had used as a reason to reject quantum mechanics actually happened .

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For details , see the article on measurement in quantum mechanics . Generally , quantum mechanics does not assign definite values .

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Other proposed spacetime theories include additional dimensions -- normally spatial but there exist some speculative theories that include additional temporal dimensions and even some that include dimensions that are neither temporal nor spatial . How many dimensions are needed to describe the universe is still an open question .


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Question: The well has zero potential energy inside a range and has infinite potential energy everywhere outside that range .

The box is defined as having zero potential energy inside a certain region and infinite potential energy everywhere outside that region .

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An object at a certain height above the Moon 's surface has less gravitational potential energy than at the same height above the Earth 's surface because the Moon 's gravity is weaker . Note that `` height '' in the common sense of the term can not be used for gravitational potential energy calculations when gravity is not assumed to be a constant .


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Question: In the early days of quantum mechanics , Albert Einstein suggested that if it were right then quantum mechanics would mean that there would be `` spooky action at a distance . '' It turned out that quantum mechanics was right , and that what Einstein had used as a reason to reject quantum mechanics actually happened .

According to the correspondence principle between classical and quantum mechanics , all objects obey the laws of quantum mechanics , and classical mechanics is just an approximation for large systems ( or a statistical quantum mechanics of a large collection of particles ) .

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Since we can not observe space beyond the limitations of light ( or any electromagnetic radiation ) , it is uncertain whether the size of the universe is finite or infinite .


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Question: This led to a theory about subatomic particles and electromagnetic waves called wave-particle duality . This is where particles and waves were neither one nor the other , but had certain properties of both .

This led to a theory of unity between subatomic particles and electromagnetic waves called waveâ `` particle duality in which particles and waves were neither one nor the other , but had certain properties of both .


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Question: The festival happens on a weekend in early August .

represent the sentence for finding a wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning
Example:
Provided: "['Represent this text in order to find another text from Wikipedia that is very very similar (same meaning etc.) but maybe slightly different words!', 'Construction works started on October 1 , 1985 .']" Match: "['represent the sentence for finding a wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning\nE.g.\nLouvers are rarely seen as primary design elements in the language of modern architecture . They are rather simply a technical device . == Louvers are rarely seen as primary design elements in the language of modern architecture , but rather simply a technical device . != Contemporary architecture is generally speaking the architecture of the present time .', 'Construction work started on October 1 , 1985 .']"

The event occurs on a weekend in early August .

The players are selected by auditions which take place in the autumn each year at various locations in the country .


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Question: Free gifts and information are also given from here .

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Free gifts and information are also available from here .

represent the sentence for finding a wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning

For example, ['represent this input text to find a wikipedia text with the same meaning and length', 'Saint-Vincent-de-Durfort is a commune in the ArdÃ che department in southern France .'] should be similar to ['represent this text in order to find another text from wikipedia that is very very similar (same meaning etc.) but maybe slightly different words', 'Saint-Vincent-de-Durfort is a commune in the ArdÃ che dÃ partement in southern France .']


Question: represent the input

Question: There are plans to hold the festival every year .

There are plans to hold the festival annually .

The race itself is held on Sunday afternoon .


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Question: A bus was parked at the festival , by Myspace .

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An inactive bus was parked at the festival grounds , provided by Myspace , in which the artists and bands were available to meet .

They then referred to the area as `` Orlando 's grave '' and later simply Orlando .


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Question: Electric Gardens Festival , sometimes called Electric Gardens , ` EGFestival ' , ` EGFest ' , or ` EG ' , is a medium sized music festival at Mount Ephraim , Faversham in Kent .

Electric Gardens , ( Electric Gardens Festival ) , sometimes abbreviated to ` EGFestival ' , or ` EGFest ' , or sometimes simply ` EG ' , is a medium sized ` Boutique ' Music Festival situated at Mount Ephraim , Faversham in Kent .

Cockatoo Island also hosted the Sydney Festival 's `` All Tomorrow 's Parties '' music festival in January 2009 .


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Question: The first time the festival took place was in 2006 .

The first occurrence of the festival was in 2006 , and so far the festival has since been held in 2007 as well .

The seven-month Farewell ( For Now ) Tour started in April 2007 and ended in November .


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Question: Yasunori Takada ( born 22 February 1979 ) is a Japanese football player .

Yasunori Takada é `` ç '' ä å ( born 22 February 1979 in Aoba-ku , Yokohama , Kanagawa ) is a Japanese football player .

Shu Kamo ( å è å ` Kamo Shu , born 29 October 1939 ) is a retired Japanese football player and currently a football manager .


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Question: Chivy-l Ã s - Ã touvelles is a commune .

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Chivy-l Ã s - Ã touvelles is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France .

Further translations into French were accomplished by Marquis d'Hervey de Saint-Denys in his 1862 PoÃ sies de l' Ã poque des Thang .


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Question: ; Before changing links , read the discusion here ; these are all top-importance Christianity articles .

; Before changing links , read the discussion here ; these are all top-importance Christianity articles .

This template will categorise articles ( except this template ) into : Category : Wikipedia Office-protected pages .


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Question: Before making changes , please ensure that they will work within the context of that template .

Before making changes , please ensure that they will work within the context of that template

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Even if you use said two licenses exclusively , you may wish to communicate your preference on your User page , such as by using .


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Question: Lehaucourt is a commune . It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France .

Lehaucourt is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France .

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Mont-d ` Origny is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France .


Question:
represent this input text to find a wikipedia text with the same meaning and length

E.g. ['Represent the sentence for finding a Wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning', 'Other stories depict them squeezing the life out of drowning men while attempting to rescue them .'] == ['Represent the sentence for finding a Wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning', 'Other stories depict mermaids squeezing the life out of drowning men while attempting to rescue them .'] != ['Represent the sentence for finding a Wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning', 'She further alleged that they had transported her to the top of a hayrick by her hair , and on another occasion had tried to persuade her to drown herself .']

Question: It includes these extant orders :

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It includes the following extant orders :

As of 2008 , these are the only known Wilson primes .


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Question: The name comes from the thinking that these mammals evolved on the supercontinent of Laurasia , after it split from Gondwana when Pangaea broke up .

represent the sentence for finding a wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning:

For instance, <<['Represent the sentence for finding a Wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning', "Between 1806 and 1827 the town 's population almost tripled and reached 3,753 people living in 357 houses ."]>>  to "['Represent the sentence for finding a Wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning', 'Between 1806 and 1827 the number of people living in the town grew and reached 3,753 people living in 357 houses .']"

The name comes from the theory that these mammals evolved on the supercontinent of Laurasia , after it split from Gondwana when Pangaea broke up .

Shallow seas flanked the margins of several continents created during the breakup of the supercontinent Pannotia .


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Question: It is the home of Texas Tech University .

Lubbock is home to Texas Tech University , which was established on February 10 , 1923 , as Texas Technological College . It is the leading institution of the Texas Tech University System and has the sixth largest student body in the state of Texas .

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Rowe was a principal founder of Melbourne University .


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Question: Eschlikon is a municipality of the district of MÃ 1\/4 nchwilen in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland .

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Eschlikon is a municipality in the district of MÃ 1\/4 nchwilen in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland .

represent this input text to find a wikipedia text with the same meaning and length

Examples:

"['Represent this text in order to find another text from Wikipedia that is very very similar (same meaning etc.) but maybe slightly different words', 'The President pro tempore ( or ; also referred to as President pro tem ) is the second-highest-ranking official of the United States Senate and the highest-ranking Senator .']" == "['Represent this text in order to find another text from Wikipedia that is very very similar (same meaning etc.) but maybe slightly different words', 'Daniel Inouye ( D-HI ) is the President pro tempore . When the Vice President can not be in charge , the President pro tempore is in charge of the Senate .']"

Wilen is a municipality in the district of MÃ 1\/4 nchwilen in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland .


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Question: Anna Maria Luisa was the only daughter of Cosimo III de ' Medici , Grand Duke of Tuscany , and Marguerite Louise d'Orl Ã ans , a niece of Louis XIII of France .

Anna Maria Luisa de ' Medici , the only daughter and second child of Cosimo III de ' Medici , Grand Duke of Tuscany , and his consort , Marguerite Louise d'Orl Ã ans , was born in Florence on 11 August 1667 .

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On 8 December 1650 he married Henriette Adelaide of Savoy , daughter of Victor Amadeus I of Savoy and his French wife Christine Marie of France , daughter of Henry IV of France and Marie de ' Medici .


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Question: When Gian Gastone died in 1737 , Francis Stephen 's envoy offered Anna Maria Luisa the position of regent of Tuscany but she declined .

Gian Gastone died from `` an accumulation of diseases '' on 9 July 1737 , surrounded by prelates and his sister . Anna Maria Luisa was offered a nominal regency by the Prince de Craon , the Grand Duke 's envoy , until Francis III could arrive in Florence , but declined .

Marie Clothilde was described as passive and apathetic , which gave the perception of insensitivity , but she was , however , very close to her sister , who reportedly took her departure very hard On 27 August 1775 , Louis XVI had his sister Marie Clotilde married in Versailles by procuration to Charles Emmanuel , Prince of Piedmont , eldest son of Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and of his wife Maria Antonia Ferdinanda of Spain .


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Question: Anna Maria Luisa de ' Medici ( 11 August 1667 â `` 18 February 1743 ) was the last of the House of Medici .

Anna Maria Luisa de ' Medici ( 11 August 1667 â `` 18 February 1743 ) was the last scion of the House of Medici .

He married Infanta Maria Antonietta of Spain ( 1729 â `` 1785 ) , youngest daughter of Philip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese . They were married on 31 May 1750 at Oulx and later had twelve children .


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Question: A patron of the arts , she gave the Medici 's large art collection ( including the contents of the Uffizi , Palazzo Pitti and Medici villas ) which she inherited upon her brother Gian Gastoneâ s death in 1737 , and her Palatine treasures to the Tuscan state , on the condition that none of it be removed .

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A patron of the arts , she bequeathed the Medici 's large art collection , including the contents of the Uffizi , Palazzo Pitti and the Medicean villas , which she inherited upon her brother Gian Gastone 's death in 1737 , and her Palatine treasures to the Tuscan state , on the condition that no part of it could be removed from `` the Capital of the grand ducal ( sic ) State ... ( and from ) the succession of His Serene Grand Duke . ''

represent this text in order to find another text from wikipedia that is very very similar (same meaning etc.) but maybe slightly different words:
E.g.:
['represent the sentence for finding a wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning', "When the top array is a RAID 0 ( such as in RAID 10 and RAID 50 ) most vendors omit the '' + '' , though RAID 5 +0 is clearer ."] == ['represent the sentence for finding a wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning', 'The calculations for RAID 0 or RAID 1 are simple . However , the calculations for RAID 5 , RAID 6 , or one of the combined RAID levels can be a lot of work .']

Next he moved to Rome , where he worked for Cosimo I de ' Medici , Grand Duke of Tuscany , who maintained a household there ; and in 1553 , he became maestro di cappella of the Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano , the ecumenical mother church of Rome and a spectacularly prestigious post indeed for a man only twenty-one years old .


Question: Berhet is a commune . It is found in the region Bretagne in the CÃ tes-d ` Armor department in the west of France .

Berhet is a commune located in the CÃ tes-d ` Armor department in Bretagne in north-western France .

Ploufragan is a commune in the CÃ tes-d ` Armor department in Bretagne in north-western France .


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Question: The Cascade Range is a mountain range that spreads from Northern California , through Oregon and Washington , and ends in British Columbia , Canada .

The Cascade Range ( or Cascades ) is a major mountain range of western North America , extending from southern British Columbia through Washington and Oregon to Northern California .

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The San Gabriel Mountains are located in northern Los Angeles County and western San Bernardino County , California , United States .


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Question: It has other names such as the Cascade Mountains , the High Cascades , and in British Columbia , the Canadian Cascades .

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It includes both non-volcanic mountains , such as the North Cascades , and the notable volcanoes known as the High Cascades . The small part of the range in British Columbia is locally called the `` Coastal Mountains '' but is also known as the Canadian Cascades or Cascade Mountains ; the latter term is also sometimes used by Washington residents to refer to the Washington section of the Cascades in addition to North Cascades , the more usual American term , as in North Cascades National Park .

Although part of the Garibaldi Volcanic Belt within the Cascade Volcanic Arc , it is not considered part of the Cascade Range .


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Question: There are two levels of protection . Every country which has signed the treaty must give all qualifying languages the lower level of protection .

There are two levels of protection -- all signatories must apply the lower level of protection to qualifying languages .

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In some countries , including the United States , India , and members of the European Union , electronic signatures have legal significance .


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Question: For example , Catalan is only official within a region of Spain , so could benefit from the treaty but Irish can not because it is an official language in Republic of Ireland , even though it is a minority language .

Languages that are official within regions or provinces or federal units within a State ( for example Catalan in Spain ) are not classified as official languages of the State and may therefore benefit from the Charter . On the other hand , the Republic of Ireland has not been able to sign the Charter on behalf of the Irish language ( although a minority language ) as it is defined as the first official language of the state .

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For instance , many of the Germanic states ( as well as English Reformation ) converted to Protestantism in an attempt to slip out of the grasp of the Pope .


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Question: It was designed by the Council of Europe to protect and promote historical regional and minority languages in Europe .

The European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages ( ECRML ) is a European treaty ( CETS 148 ) adopted in 1992 under the auspices of the Council of Europe to protect and promote historical regional and minority languages in Europe .

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The various historically driven changes have had a very significant influence on the architectural space of the city .


Question: It only applies to languages traditionally used by the nationals of the State Parties which have a lot of differences from the majority or official language . This means that the treaty does not protect languages used by recent immigrants from other countries .

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It only applies to languages traditionally used by the nationals of the State Parties ( thus excluding languages used by recent immigrants from other states ) , which significantly differ from the majority or official language ( thus excluding what the state party wishes to consider as mere local dialects of the official or majority language ) and that either have a territorial basis ( and are therefore traditionally spoken by populations of regions or areas within the State ) or are used by linguistic minorities within the State as a whole ( thereby including such languages as Yiddish and Romani , which are used over a wide geographic area ) .

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This practice differs from what is standard for any given language , and it reaches its extremity concerning transliterations from other languages .


Question: represent the sentence for finding a wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning. E.g. ['Represent this input text to find a Wikipedia text with the same meaning and length', 'Chigorin gave many lectures , wrote magazine articles and chess columns . He subsidised or otherwise supported a number of periodicals to keep them afloat despite low readership levels .'] == ['Represent the input', 'As an ambassador for Russian chess , Chigorin was a shining example ; he gave many lectures , wrote magazine articles and chess columns and subsidised or otherwise supported a number of periodicals to keep them afloat despite low readership levels .'] != ['Represent the sentence for finding a Wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning', "Both were Democratic , both were sympathetic to labor and immigrants ( a sharp contrast to publishers like the New York Tribune 's Whitelaw Reid , who blamed their poverty on moral defects ) , and both invested enormous resources in their Sunday publications , which functioned like weekly magazines , going beyond the normal scope of daily journalism ."]

Question: Festivals are held on August .

The best thing of the festivals is the music .

In Liverpool , it is known as `` Mizzy Night '' and is celebrated on October 30 .


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Question: Dicastillo is a village in Navarre .

represent the sentence for finding a wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning

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For example, '['Represent this input text to find a Wikipedia text with the same meaning and length', 'After installation , the user is required to activate his product within 30 days ( 60 days for Windows Server 2008 ) .']' should be close to '['Represent this input text to find a Wikipedia text with the same meaning and length', 'The user has 30 days to activate Windows and after 30 days , the computer will not run properly until it is activated .']'

DICASTILLO Dicastillo is a village in Navarra .

Guadarrama is a town in the Community of Madrid in Spain .


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Question: Willebroek is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Antwerp .

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Willebroek ( old spelling : Willebroeck ) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Antwerp .

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Mortsel is a city and municipality close to the city of Antwerp located in the Belgian province of Antwerp .


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Question: Hartwick is a city of Iowa in the United States .

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For example, ['Represent the sentence for finding a Wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning', 'In the Operation Kogo , 390,000 Chinese soldiers , led by General Tang Enbo ( æ æ ä 1\\/4 ) , were deployed to defend the strategic position of Luoyang .'] should be similar to ['Represent this text in order to find another text from Wikipedia that is very very similar (same meaning etc.) but maybe slightly different words', 'In Operation Kogo , 390,000 Chinese soldiers , led by General Tang Enbo , defended Luoyang .']

Hartwick is a city in Poweshiek County , Iowa , United States .

Magnolia is a city in Harrison County , Iowa in the United States of America .


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Question: In 2000 , 83 people lived in Hartwick .

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The population was 83 at the 2000 census .

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On May 24 , 2005 Lafontaine left the SPD .


Question:
represent this text in order to find another text from wikipedia that is very very similar (same meaning etc.) but maybe slightly different words
Examples:
Provided: ['Represent this text in order to find another text from Wikipedia that is very very similar (same meaning etc.) but maybe slightly different words', 'The forearm is the part of the human arm between the elbow and the wrist .'] Match: ['Represent the sentence for finding a Wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning', 'The forearm is the structure and distal region of the upper limb , between the elbow and the wrist .'] Hard Negative: ['Represent text', 'In anatomy , the scapula , omo ( Medical Latin ) , or shoulder blade , is the bone that connects the humerus ( upper arm bone ) with the clavicle ( collar bone ) .']

Question: Some have glass panels that can be opened , in order for the spectators to feel closer to the action of the sporting event .

Some have glass panels that can be retracted , in order for the spectators to feel closer to the action of the sporting event .

Its purpose , in a building or an automobile , is to provide comfort during either hot or cold weather .


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Question: They are usually in the mid-section of the stadium . The seats have usually the best views of the sporting event .

They are typically in the mid-section of the stadium , affording the best views of the sporting event .

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Most notably , the field was made somewhat wider than is normally the case for an NFL stadium . The wide field also makes it fairly easy to convert the stadium for soccer .


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Question: The inside of a luxury box usually has a bar , several televisions sets , a row of seats and a private bathroom .

The inside of a luxury box typically includes a bar , several televisions sets , a row of seats and a private bathroom .

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They are typically in the mid-section of the stadium , affording the best views of the sporting event .


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Question: Thomas Alva Edison was born in Milan , Ohio . When Edison was 7 , he moved with his family to Port Huron , Michigan .

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Thomas Edison was born in Milan , Ohio , and grew up in Port Huron , Michigan .

Stevens was born in Detroit and lived there until the age of nine , when his family moved to Petoskey , Michigan .


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Question: When Edison was 7 , he moved with his family to Port Huron , Michigan .

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In Beaumont , Texas , there is an Edison Museum , though Edison never visited there . The Port Huron Museum , in Port Huron , Michigan , restored the original depot that Thomas Edison worked out of as a young newsbutcher .

He was born in Brooklyn , New York and has lived in Los Angeles , California since he was 2 years old .


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Question: Edison started school late , because of an illness . Three months later , Edison was removed from school , because he could not pay attention to his teacher .

There are numerous high schools named after Edison ; see Edison High School .

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Satisfied that the boy was living a normal life , Gingold took Bell on as his student . By age 12 , Bell was serious about the instrument , thanks in large part to Gingold 's inspiration .


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Question: His mother , who was a teacher in Canada , taught Edison at home . Edison 's mother helped him become motivated and he was a good student with her .

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Edison recalled later , `` My mother was the making of me .

In an essay written when he left school , he noted that he would have enjoyed becoming a teacher , but he would only have been qualified to teach languages or the natural sciences , which were not his primary areas of interest .


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Question: When he was 35 , Edison married Mina Miller , who was 19 . He had 3 children in that marriage : Madeleine Edison , Charles Edison ( who took over the company when his father died and was later elected Governor of New Jersey ) , and Theodore Miller Edison .

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In Beaumont , Texas , there is an Edison Museum , though Edison never visited there .

Jane Irwin Harrison ( Mercersburg , Franklin , Pennsylvania , July 23 , 1804 -- May 11 , 1846 ) , who married William Henry Harrison Jr , was the daughter-in-law of William Henry Harrison , ninth President of the United States .


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Question: He had 3 children in that marriage : Madeleine Edison , Charles Edison ( who took over the company when his father died and was later elected Governor of New Jersey ) , and Theodore Miller Edison .

Edison even contributed technology to the automobile . They were friends until Edison 's death .

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Question: Thomas Alva Edison was born in Milan , Ohio .

The Thomas Alva Edison Memorial Tower and Museum is in the town of Edison , New Jersey .

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Bobby Dodd was born in Galax , Virginia .


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Question: Chicheboville is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France .

Chicheboville is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France .

Trois-Monts ( French for three-mountains ) is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France .


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Question: Wilson served on the United States Supreme Court from 1789 to 1798 .

Only nine cases were heard by the court from his appointment in 1789 until his death in 1798 .

He served as the Secretary of the Interior between 1889 and 1893 .


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Question: James Wilson was born in Carskerdo , near St. Andrews , Scotland . His parents were William Wilson and Alison Landall .

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Born in Carskerdo , near St. Andrews , Scotland to William Wilson and Alison Landall .

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Simpson was the youngest of the six children of coalmine worker Tom Simpson senior and his wife Alice , nÃ e Cheetham , and was born in Haswell , County Durham .


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Question: He was a leading legal thinker , and he was one of the first six justices appointed by George Washington to the Supreme Court of the United States .

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A leading legal theoretician , he was one of the six original justices appointed by George Washington to the Supreme Court of the United States .

Although the title was not coined until after her death , Martha Washington is considered to be the first First Lady of the United States .


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Question: After two years of studying , he got the bar in Philadelphia , and , in the following year ( 1767 ) , set up his own practice in Reading , Pennsylvania .

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After two years of study he attained the bar in Philadelphia , and , in the following year ( 1767 ) , set up his own practice in Reading , Pennsylvania .

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After a few years in his father 's business , he retired with an ample fortune from all business concerns , with the exception of the Sheffield Banking Company , of which he was chairman for many years .


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Question: Wilson was elected two times to the Continental Congress , and was a major force in drafting the United States Constitution .

Wilson was elected twice to the Continental Congress , and was a major force in drafting the United States Constitution .

Arnold continued on to Philadelphia , where he met with members of Congress about his rank .


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Question: Wilson started reading the law at the office of John Dickinson a short time later .

Wilson began to read the law at the office of John Dickinson a short time later .

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After six years under Sylvester , he spent a final year of apprenticeship in the New York City office of William P. Van Ness , a political lieutenant of Aaron Burr .


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Question: James Wilson ( September 14 , 1742 -- August 21 , 1798 ) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States . He was a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence .

James Wilson ( 1742 -- 1798 ) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence .

Martha Dandridge Custis Washington ( June 2 , 1731 -- May 22 , 1802 ) was the wife of George Washington , the first president of the United States .


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Question: Imbued with the ideas of the Scottish Enlightenment , he moved to Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , in British America in 1766 , carrying valuable letters of introduction .

Imbued with the ideas of the Scottish Enlightenment he moved to Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , in British America in 1766 , carrying valuable letters of introduction .

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Jefferson served as minister to France from 1785 to 1789 , and did not attend the Philadelphia Convention , though he followed the proceedings by correspondence , and was supportive of it .


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Question: Vocalion Records was a record label which made records in the United States and in the United Kingdom .

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Examples:
Provided: "['Represent this text in order to find another text from Wikipedia that is very very similar (same meaning etc.) but maybe slightly different words:', "The sledge eventually stalls as the snow melts ( another sign of the witch 's crumbling power ) , so they have to continue their journey on foot ."]" Match: "['Represent this input text to find a Wikipedia text with the same meaning and length', "The White Witch 's sledge eventually stops as the snow melts ( another sign of the witch 's crumbling power ) , so they have to continue their journey on foot ."]"

Vocalion Records is a record label active for many years in the United States and in the United Kingdom .

RCA 's Canadian unit ( formerly Berliner Gramophone Canada ) is Sony 's oldest label in Canada , as it was only one of two Canadian record labels to survive the Great Depression .


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represent this text in order to find another text from wikipedia that is very very similar (same meaning etc.) but maybe slightly different words

The query could be '['represent this input text to find a wikipedia text with the same meaning and length:', 'Together with Montgomery , Prattville , Millbrook , and Tallassee the city is considered part of the Montgomery Metropolitan Area , or River Region , with a population of 346,578 .']' and should be close to '['represent the sentence for finding a wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning\nExamples:\nProvided: "Harvey W. Wiley , the `` father \'\' of the Food and Drug Administration in the U.S. , challenged the safety of benzoate which was banned in the 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act ." Match: "Harvey W. Wiley challenged the safety of benzoate ."', 'The city is considered part of the Montgomery Metropolitan Area .']' but very far from '['represent the sentence for finding a wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning', 'Hartselle is the second largest city in Morgan County , Alabama , United States , about 10 miles ( 16 km ) south of Decatur , and is included in the Decatur Metropolitan Area , and the Huntsville-Decatur Combined Statistical Area .']'

Question: Les Loges , Calvados is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France .

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Les Loges is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France .

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Sainte-Marie-Outre-l ` Eau is a French commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France .


Question: Willerval is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .

Willerval is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France .

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Examples:

"['Represent the sentence for finding a Wikipedia sentence equivalent in meaning', "The bushrangers ' heyday was the Gold Rush years of the 1850s and 1860s as the discovery of gold gave bushrangers access to great wealth that was portable and easily converted to cash ."]" == "['Represent this input text to find a Wikipedia text with the same meaning and length', 'The bushrangers were busiest during the Gold Rush years of the 1850s and 1860s . Gold can be easily carried and also it can easily be turned into cash .']"

Samer is a commune and in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France .


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Question: In 1603 Philip II of Spain captured Porto Azzurro and built two fortresses there .

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In 1596 Philip II of Spain captured Porto Azzurro and had two fortresses built there .

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Given ['Represent this input text to find a Wikipedia text with the same meaning and length', "The character made his first appearance in a xeroxed black and white preview comic titled Daze of the Dead : The Numero Uno Edition ( Feb. 1998 ) . El Muerto 's first public appearance was in 1998 at the Alternative Press Expo in San Jose , CA ."], a positive would be ['represent this text in order to find another text from wikipedia that is very very similar (same meaning etc.) but maybe slightly different words', "El Muerto was first published in a comic book titled , `` Daze of the Dead : The Numero Uno Edition '' at the 1998 Alternative Press Expo in San Diego , California ."]

The larger , called Rocca Maggiore , is a massive presence meant to intimidate the people of the town : it was built by Cardinal Albornoz ( 1367 ) and added to by Popes Pius II and Paul III .


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Question: Napoleon stayed on Elba for 300 days before he escaped and returned to France on February 26 for the Hundred Days .

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Napoleon stayed on Elba for 300 days . He returned to France on February 26 , 1815 for the Hundred Days .

Choron is also remembered for his dishes served during the Siege of Paris by the Prussians in which began on September 19 , 1870 .


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Question: French troops landed on Elba on June 17 1944 , freeing the island from the Germans in World War II .

French troops landed on Elba on June 17 , 1944 , liberating the island from the Germans .

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For example, '['Represent this text in order to find another text from Wikipedia that is very very similar (same meaning etc.) but maybe slightly different words', 'You can check your address confirmation status in your preferences .']' should be close to '['Represent this input text to find a Wikipedia text with the same meaning and length!', 'You can check your address confirmation status in your preferences and can confirm it from there .']'

By the beginning of 1940 , they were trapped in Amsterdam by the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands .


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Question: In the early 11th century it became a part of the Republic of Pisa .

In the early 11th century it became a possession of the Republic of Pisa .

The city was first mentioned in written sources in 1323 as the capital city of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the letters of Gediminas .


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Question: After the end of the Roman Empire , the island knew barbarians and Saracens .

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After the Roman period , the island was ravaged by barbarians and Saracens .

Zaragoza was also very powerful and expansive , but inhibited by the neighbor Christian states of the Pyrenees .


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Question: The French island of Corsica lies about 50 km to the west .

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It is located between the Tyrrhenian Sea and Ligurian Sea , about 50 k east of the French island of Corsica .

A sea port on the Tyrrhenian Sea , it is located 80 kilometers west-north-west of Rome , across the Mignone river .


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Question: Mines were created by the Etruscans first and ( after 480 BC ) the Romans .

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The island was then invaded , first by the Etruscans and later ( after 480 BC ) by the Romans .

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There was trade from here to the Mediterranean World , until the destruction of Carthage and its west African trade net in 146 BC .


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Question: In 1398 , was sold to the Visconti family of Milan . After a few years , the island was acquired by the Appiani , Lords of Piombino , who kept it for two centuries .

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When the latter was sold to the Visconti of Milan in 1398 , the island was acquired by the Appiani , Lords of Piombino , who retained it for two centuries .

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The severity of the sack of Prato led to the surrender of the Florentine Republic , and to the restoration of the Medici rule .


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Question: He fortified Portoferraio and renamed it `` Cosmopoli '' . In 1577 , the rest of the island was returned to the Appiani .

In 1546 part of the island was handed over to Cosimo I de ' Medici , who fortified Portoferraio and renamed it `` Cosmopoli '' , while in 1577 the rest of the island was returned to the Appiani .

Scarlino appeared before the year 100 as a possession of the Aldobrandeschi family , and was later handed over to the bishops of Roselle and then the Alberti family .


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Question: There is an airport on the island , the `` Airport Marina di Campo '' , that can connect the island with the big cities of : Friedrichshafen , Munchen and ZÃ 1\/4 rich .

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For instance, <<['Represent this input text to find a Wikipedia text with the same meaning and length', 'It is considered the easternmost volcano in the Anahim Volcanic Belt .']>>  to "['', 'It is in the eastern part of the Anahim Volcanic Belt .']"

There is an airport on the island , Marina di Campo Airport . It is served by Intersky , with flights to Friedrichshafen , Munich and ZÃ 1\/4 rich , and ElbaFly by internal flights .

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WÃ 1\/4 rzburg is approximately 120 k from either Frankfurt am Main or Nuremberg by road .


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Question: Elba and the other islands ( Gorgona , Capraia , Pianosa , Montecristo , Giglio and Giannutri ) of the Tuscan Archipelago are protected in the National Park of the Tuscan Archipelago .

The largest island of the Tuscan Archipelago , Elba is also part of the National Park of the Tuscan Archipelago and the third largest island in Italy after Sicily and Sardinia .

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It is located between the Tyrrhenian Sea and Ligurian Sea , about 50 k east of the French island of Corsica .


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Question: The island is divided into eight communes : Portoferraio , Campo nell ` Elba , Capoliveri , Marciana , Marciana Marina , Porto Azzurro , Rio Marina and Rio nell ` Elba .

The island is divided into eight municipalities , of which Portoferraio is the main one , the others ; Campo nell ` Elba , Capoliveri , Marciana , Marciana Marina , Porto Azzurro , Rio Marina , and Rio nell ` Elba , are part of the province of Livorno , with a total of about 30,000 inhabitants , which increases considerably during the summer .

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Rosignano Marittimo borders the following municipalities : Castellina Marittima , Cecina , Collesalvetti , Livorno , Orciano Pisano , Santa Luce .


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Question: Thanks to Napoleon Elba is well-known around the world .

Napoleon 's stay on Elba is the basis for the famous English language palindrome : `` Able was I ere I saw Elba . '' Internationally , Elba is best known for its connection to Napoleon .

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It remains the capital to this day .


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Question: Saint-Germain-de-Coulamer is a commune of 393 people ( 1999 ) . It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France .

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Saint-Germain-de-Coulamer is a commune in the Mayenne department in north-western France .

Chavagnes-les-Redoux is a commune of the VendÃ e department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France .