Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page

Question: Tom and Jerry

Tom and Jerry
Tom and Jerry is an American animated series of comedy short films created in 1940 by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera. It centers on a rivalry between the title characters Tom, a cat, and Jerry, a mouse. Many shorts also feature several recurring characters.
In its original run, Hanna and Barbera produced 114 "Tom and Jerry" shorts for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer from 1940 to 1958. During this time, they won seven Academy Awards for Animated Short Film, tying for first place

David Gordon Kirkpatrick), AO MBE, who lived 13 June 1927 - 19 Sep 2003, was an Australian country music singer-songwriter, guitarist and producer who, with his family, spent some of his life living at Metung, 31 km (19 mi) SE of Bairnsdale. (Ref: http://www.slimdusty.com.au/joys-diary/)
- Thomas Jackson and Rosanna Kelly, first wedding in Bairnsdale—28 April 1845
- Tom Alvin, Carlton AFL footballer
- Terry Bourke, Filmmaker, director and writer
- Will Tomlinson


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page

Question: Just Around the Corner

Represent the text to find the scientific term it describes!

Just Around the Corner
Just Around the Corner is a 1938 American musical comedy film directed by Irving Cummings. The screenplay by Ethel Hill, Darrell Ware, and J. P. McEvoy was based on the novel "Lucky Penny" by Paul Gerard Smith. The film focuses on the tribulations of little Penny Hale (Temple) and her architect father (Farrell) after he is forced by circumstances to accept a job as janitor. The film was the fourth and last cinematic song and dance pairing of Shirley Temple and Bill Robinson.

Represent this Wikipedia passage to find its title

" (1936) - assistant director
- "Lloyds of London" (1936) - assistant director
- "Seventh Heaven" (1937) - assistant director
- "Alexander's Ragtime Band" (1938) - assistant director
- "In Old Chicago" (1938) (assistant director) (Academy Award winner for Best Assistant Director)
- "Just Around the Corner" (1938) - assistant director
- "Jesse James" (1939) - assistant director
- "Stanley and


Question: Represent the natural language

Question: The Fantastic Flying Books of Mr. Morris Lessmore

Represent the text to find the scientific term it describes

The Fantastic Flying Books of Mr. Morris Lessmore
The Fantastic Flying Books of Mr. Morris Lessmore is a 2011 animated short film directed by William Joyce and Brandon Oldenburg, and produced by Moonbot Studios in Shreveport, Louisiana. Described as an "allegory about the curative powers of story," the film centers on bibliophile Lessmore and his custodianship of a magical library of flying books. It was created using computer animation, miniatures and traditional hand-drawn techniques.
After winning over a dozen film festivals, the film was awarded the

The Conscience of Nhem Eh, Waste Land, Incident in New Baghdad, Instead of Abracadabra, Raju, The Fantastic Flying Books of Mr. Morris Lessmore, West Bank Story, The Secret of Kells, 5 Broken Cameras, Chasing Ice, Curfew, Asad," "The Missing Picture," and "The Wind Rises." More than 23,600 filmmakers, national media, special guests and film enthusiasts attended the four-day BIFF 2014.
BIFF has shown the work of other honored filmmakers such as Danny Boyle, Jason


Question: Represent this phrase to find its first Wikipedia paragraph.

Question: Digby, the Biggest Dog in the World

Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it

Digby, the Biggest Dog in the World
Digby, the Biggest Dog in the World is the title character of a British children's fantasy-adventure comedy film released in 1973 starring Jim Dale, and directed by Joseph McGrath. A large supporting cast of British movie stalwarts includes Spike Milligan, Angela Douglas, Norman Rossington, Milo O'Shea, Dinsdale Landen and Victor Spinetti. The production included composer Edwin Astley and cinematographer Harry Waxman. The film was based on the novel "The Biggest Dog in the World" by Ted Key

Represent the text to find the scientific term it describes

, writer of the liberal blog Hullabaloo, pen name "Digby"
Fictional characters.
- Arthur Digby, fictional character in "Holby City"
- Digby Geste, one of three brothers in the novel "Beau Geste" and its various adaptations
- Digby, title character of "Digby, the Biggest Dog in the World", a 1973 film starring Jim Dale
- Digby, a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel featured in the 2014 movie "The Interview"
- Digby, a Golden Retriever on the


Question: represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its wikipedia page

Question: Ice Princess

represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it
------
For instance, <<['Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it', 'I Am Sam\nI Am Sam (stylized i am sam) is a 2001 American drama film written and directed by Jessie Nelson, and starring Sean Penn as a father with an intellectual disability, Dakota Fanning as his bright and inquisitive daughter, and Michelle Pfeiffer as his lawyer. Dianne Wiest, Loretta Devine, Richard Schiff, and Laura Dern appear in supporting roles.\nJessie Nelson and Kristine Johnson, who co-wrote the screenplay, researched the issues facing adults with intellectual disabilities by visiting the non-profit organization']>>  to <<['Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page!', 'I Am Sam']>>

Ice Princess
Ice Princess is a 2005 American figure-skating film directed by Tim Fywell, written by Hadley Davis from a story by Meg Cabot and Davis, and starring Michelle Trachtenberg, Joan Cusack, Kim Cattrall and Hayden Panettiere. The film focuses on Casey Carlyle, a normal teenager who gives up a promising future academic life in order to pursue her new-found dream of being a professional figure skater. The film was released on March 18, 2005. "Ice Princess" had an unsuccessful performance at the box

Prophet S.K Abiara CAC Agbala Itura
- Pastor William Kumuyi, General Superintendent of Deeper Christian Life Ministries
- [Late] Dr Babatope Adegboye, Renowned Educationist, Osun State College of Education, Ila-Orangun.
- Ayo Mary Laurent ( Princess Mary) is a British Film Director & Actress and the great-granddaughter of the Ilesa Monarch Ajimoko II “Fidipote” (10 Sep 1942 - 18 Oct 1956)
External links.
- Ijesa Network


Question: Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph)

Question: Storm of the Century

Storm of the Century
Storm of the Century, alternatively known as Stephen King's Storm of the Century, is a 1999 American horror television miniseries written by Stephen King and directed by Craig R. Baxley. Unlike many other King mini-series, "Storm of the Century" was not based upon a Stephen King novel—King wrote it as a screenplay from the beginning. The screenplay was published in February 1999.
Plot.
A very powerful blizzard hits the fictional small town of Little Tall Island (also the

students, and as people; was a surrogate parent to many of his students; and will remain in history as one of the top college band directors.
References.
Ratliff, Ben. "Where the Game Is Just a Warm-Up for the Band." The New York Times Sep. 8, 2007
Prairie View A&M University Marching Storm
Posey, John. "Prairie View Band Director Dies After Tragic Car Accident." Blackvibes.com Jun. 5, 2009
Fiyah. "PVAMU’s Marching Storm Director “


Question: Represent this phrase to find its first Wikipedia paragraph.

Question: The Diary of a Teenage Girl

The Diary of a Teenage Girl
The Diary of a Teenage Girl is a 2015 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Marielle Heller, based on the hybrid novel by Phoebe Gloeckner. It stars Bel Powley as a 15-year-old girl who becomes sexually active by starting a relationship with her mother's boyfriend. It also stars Kristen Wiig, Alexander Skarsgård, Christopher Meloni, Quinn Nagle, and Austin Lyon. It premiered at the 2015 Sundance Film Festival and had a limited release on August 7, 2015 by Sony

represent this wikipedia passage to find its title

Writer/director Heller received the graphic novel "The Diary of a Teenage Girl" as a Christmas gift from her younger sister in around 2007.
Background Theatre production (2010).
Before it was a film, Heller adapted Phoebe Gloeckner's graphic novel "The Diary of a Teenage Girl" into a play, in which she played the lead role. The piece of theater was originally conceived with Rachel Eckerling and then developed from 2007-2010 with Eckerling and Sarah Cameron Sunde. Sunde and Eckerling went on to co


Question: Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph)

Question: Carry On Jatta

represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it:
For example, ['Represent this Wikipedia passage to find its title.', "Walt Disney World Swan\nThe Walt Disney World Swan is a resort hotel designed by architect Michael Graves located between Epcot and Disney's Hollywood Studios behind Disney's BoardWalk Resort and across from its sister resort, the Walt Disney World Dolphin. The Swan, which opened January 13, 1990 on Disney property, is a joint venture between the Walt Disney Company, Tishman Hotel Corporation, MetLife and Starwood Hotels and Resorts. The land the resort occupies is owned by the Walt Disney Company, while the buildings themselves are leased by Disney"] should be similar to ['Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page', 'Walt Disney World Swan']

Carry On Jatta
Carry On Jatta is a 2012 Indian Punjabi comedy film directed by Smeep Kang, and starring Gippy Grewal opposite Mahie Gill in lead roles. The film released on 27 July 2012. This movie was remade in Odia in 2015 as "Pilata Bigidigala" , in Telugu in 2016 as "Eedo Rakam Aado Rakam" , in Bangladesh (Bengali) in 2017 as "Dhat Teri Ki" and in Bengali(India) in 2019 as "Jamai Badal". The core storyline was loosely based on the 1989 Malayalam movie

Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it

to popularity as a director in 2012 with the comedy film "Carry On Jatta", which became a Blockbuster, and also one of the highest-grossing Punjabi feature films of that year. He again teamed up with most of the cast of "Carry On Jatta" in 2013, with comedy film "Lucky Di Unlucky Story". This film also became a box office success. Following this, he directed "Bhaji in Problem", which managed to do good business at the box office but wasn't as successful


Question: Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph).

Question: Super Troopers 2

Super Troopers 2
Super Troopers 2 is a 2018 American comedy film directed by Jay Chandrasekhar. A sequel to the 2001 film "Super Troopers", the film was written by and stars the Broken Lizard comedy team, made up of Chandrasekhar, Kevin Heffernan, Steve Lemme, Paul Soter and Erik Stolhanske. The plot follows the Super Troopers being called upon to set up a new Highway Patrol station when an international border dispute arises between the United States and Canada.
The film had a troubled development period as studios were

Sobol's "Sinners" in Greensboro, Vermont, and became co-artistic director of the Mirror Theater Ltd.
In June 2017, Cox starred in "Churchill", playing the title role.
In early 2018, Cox reprised his role of Captain John O'Hagen in "Super Troopers 2" (2018), a sequel to the 2001 film "Super Troopers". Early drafts of the script excluded Cox's character from the movie, with reservations about whether or not Cox would want to return for the sequel.


Question: Represent this phrase to find its first Wikipedia paragraph

Question: The Dish

Represent this Wikipedia passage to find its title

.
"The Dish" was written by Santo Cilauro, Tom Gleisner, Jane Kennedy and Rob Sitch and directed by Sitch.
Apart from the radio telescope scenes, the majority of the movie was actually filmed in the small town of Forbes, south of Parkes because of its old historic buildings, and also in Old Parliament House in Canberra, and Crawford Studios in Melbourne.
Box office.
"The Dish" grossed $17,999,473 at the box office in Australia, and was the top grossing Australian film in

Round 4.
Competition details Sudden Death - Round 4 People's Choice 1: Ronald McDonald House's Challenge.
- Episodes 16
- Airdate – 28 Sep 2014
- Description – Competing in a Group of 3, Teams headed into the first challenge to serve a dish. Families will vote by donating for their favourite dish and the group who received the most votes will received People's Choice, sending them safe from Rapid Cook-Off and Showdown. Judges Ben and Gareth sent the weakest team directly into the first Sudden


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page

Question: Moonstruck

represent the text to find the scientific term it describes!

Moonstruck
Moonstruck is a 1987 American romantic comedy film directed by Norman Jewison and written by John Patrick Shanley. It is about a widowed, 37-year-old, Italian-American woman who falls in love with her fiancé's estranged, hot-tempered younger brother.
The film was released on December 16, 1987 in New York City, and then nationally on January 15, 1988. It was nominated for six Oscars at the 60th Academy Awards, winning for Best Original Screenplay, Best Actress (Cher), and

Roof" nominated for Best Director
- 1984 "A Soldier's Story" nominated for Best Picture
- 1987 "Moonstruck" nominated for Best Picture
- 1987 "Moonstruck" nominated for Best Director
38th Berlin International Film Festival
- 1988 "Moonstruck" won the Silver Bear for Best Director
British Academy Film Awards
- 1967 "In the Heat of the Night" nominated for Best Film – Any Source
- 1967 "In the Heat of the Night" won for United Nations Award
14th Moscow


Question: Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph)

Question: Sleeping with Other People

Sleeping with Other People
Sleeping with Other People is a 2015 American romantic comedy film directed and written by Leslye Headland. The film stars Jason Sudeikis, Alison Brie, Natasha Lyonne, Amanda Peet, and Adam Scott. Premiering at the 2015 Sundance Film Festival on January 24, 2015, the film was released theatrically on September 11, 2015, by IFC Films.
Plot.
In 2002, Lainey causes a scene in a dorm at Columbia University. Taking pity on her as she is about to be kicked out

as a 'set' and the presenters played along with the fiction that they were all friends who lived in the mansion. The other presenters who were not working on a particular night were said to be "upstairs sleeping". Some of the presenters occasionally slipped up and called the mansion a set or mentioned that certain other presenter were not in that day; when this occurred they normally corrected themselves and tried to maintain the illusion.
When the presenters needed to refer to the producer/director (and other people who


Question: Represent Vedalam

represent the text to find the scientific term it describes
For example, '['Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it', 'Uffizi\nThe Uffizi Gallery (, ) is a prominent art museum located adjacent to the Piazza della Signoria in the Historic Centre of Florence in the region of Tuscany, Italy. One of the most important Italian museums and the most visited, it is also one of the largest and best known in the world and holds a collection of priceless works, particularly from the period of the Italian Renaissance.\nAfter the ruling house of Medici died out, their art collections were gifted to the city of Florence under the famous "']' should be close to '['Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph)', 'Uffizi']'

Vedalam
Vedalam () is a 2015 Indian Tamil-language action film written and directed by Siva, and produced by Aishwarya. the film features Ajith Kumar, Shruti Haasan and Lakshmi Menon in the lead roles, with Rahul Dev, Kabir Duhan Singh, and Soori in supporting roles. Anirudh Ravichander composed the film's music and background score, while Vetri was the cinematographer, and Ruben was the editor. The film began production in April 2015 and was released on 10 November 2015, coinciding with Diwali. It was remade

Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it!

Milan (art director)
Milan is an Indian film art director. He is best known in the Tamil film industry for his films such as "Billa" (2007), "Velayutham" (2011) and "Vedalam" (2015).
Early life.
Milan started his career as assistant to art director Sabu Cyril in 1999, and worked in films including "Citizen", "Thamizhan", "Red", "Villain" and "Anniyan".
Career.
Milan has worked


Question: Represent this phrase to find its first Wikipedia paragraph

Question: Jingle All the Way

Represent the text to find the scientific term it describes

Jingle All the Way
Jingle All the Way is a 1996 American Christmas family comedy film directed by Brian Levant. It stars Arnold Schwarzenegger and Sinbad as two rival fathers, workaholic Howard Langston (Schwarzenegger) and stressed out postal worker Myron Larabee (Sinbad), both desperately trying to purchase a Turbo-Man action figure for their respective sons on a last-minute shopping spree on Christmas Eve.
Inspired by real-life Christmas toy sell-outs for such items as Cabbage Patch Kids dolls, Furby and Tickle Me

Represent this Wikipedia passage to find its title

Way (TV special)", a holiday special for Hallmark Channel. In reviewing the 2011 television holiday programs, Mike Hale of "The New York Times" called "Jingle All the Way (TV special)" "By far the best of the bunch...honest emotion, and a combination of retro holiday spirit with adventurous animation." Other notable BENT stop-motion productions include director Rob Shaw's ongoing "Rats" segments for the IFC show "Portlandia", with "Saturday Night Live" cast member Fred


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page!

Question: Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham...

represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it

Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham...
Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham... (English: "Sometimes there's Happiness, Sometimes there's Sorrow"), also known as K3G, is a 2001 Indian family drama film written and directed by Karan Johar and produced by Yash Johar. The film stars Amitabh Bachchan, Jaya Bachchan, Shah Rukh Khan, Kajol, Hrithik Roshan and Kareena Kapoor in leading roles, with Rani Mukerji appearing in an extended special appearance. The music was composed by Jatin Lalit, Sandesh Shandilya and Aadesh Shrivastava,

Nominated, Best Music Director (2001), Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham
- Nominated, Best Music Director (2003), Chalte Chalte
- Nominated, Best Music Director (2006), Fanaa
Their soundtrack of "Dilwale Dulhaniya Le Jayenge" was judged the top Hindi soundtrack of all time by on-line voters on the BBC Asian Network. The number two and three positions also went to Jatin–Lalit for their compositions from "Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham" and "Kuch Kuch Hota Hai".
"


Question: Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph)

Question: Mujhse Dosti Karoge!

Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it

Mujhse Dosti Karoge!
Mujhse Dosti Karoge! (translation: "Will you be my friend?") is a 2002 Indian Hindi romantic drama film directed by Kunal Kohli and produced by Aditya Chopra and Yash Chopra under the banner of Yash Raj Films. The film, which was loosely inspired from the 1996 American comedy "The Truth About Cats & Dogs", follows the love triangle of three friends played by Hrithik Roshan, Rani Mukerji, and Kareena Kapoor in leading roles, with Uday Chopra appearing in an extended special

Represent the text to find the scientific term it describes

when Yash Raj Films, a leading production company in India, cast her for two high-profile productions: "Mujhse Dosti Karoge!", a romantic comedy co-starring Hrithik Roshan and Kareena Kapoor, and "Saathiya", a remake of the Tamil box office hit "Alaipayuthey". "Mujhse Dosti Karoge!" was heavily promoted before release and proved a success internationally, but failed to earn profits in India. The romantic drama "Saathiya" proved a major turning point in her career, winning her a


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page:

Question: Rocko's Modern Life

Rocko's Modern Life
Rocko's Modern Life is an American animated television series created by Joe Murray for Nickelodeon. The series centers on the surreal life of an anthropomorphic Australian-immigrant wallaby named Rocko as well as his friends: the gluttonous steer Heffer, the neurotic turtle Filburt, and Rocko's faithful dog Spunky. It is set in the fictional town of O-Town. Throughout its run, the show was controversial for its adult humor, including double entendre, innuendo, and satirical social commentary, similar to "

Spyro trilogy.
Biography Voice acting "SpongeBob SquarePants".
While working on the animated series "Rocko's Modern Life", Kenny met marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg, who was also the creative director in the show's fourth season. Hillenburg drew a square sponge that he thought was funny and decided that he had found his character. After the cancellation of "Rocko's Modern Life" in 1996, Hillenburg began developing the concept and hired former "Rocko" crew members. To voice the character of SpongeBob, Hillenburg approached


Question: Represent this phrase to find its first Wikipedia paragraph

Question: Soul Plane

Soul Plane
Soul Plane is a 2004 American comedy film directed by Jessy Terrero, written by Bo Zenga and starring Tom Arnold, Kevin Hart, Method Man and Snoop Dogg. Supporting actors include Mo'Nique, Kim Coles, K.D. Aubert, D.L. Hughley, Godfrey and Sofia Vergara.
Plot.
Nashawn Wade (Kevin Hart) claims that he has loved planes since he was a baby, but he has a horrible experience with a typical airline: his dog Dre was classified as a checked baggage instead of a carry-

Sopranos" and "In Search of a Dream" ("Buscando un sueño").
Tererro's film director credits include the short film "The Clinic".
His movie directorial debut "Soul Plane" 2004. In 2009 "Brooklyn to Manhattan" was in production.
Terrero is best known for directing music videos for an international clientele of famous artists including Jill Scott, Lionel Richie, Syleena Johnson, 50 Cent, Jennifer Lopez, Wisin y Yandel, Daddy Yankee, Maluma, Ludacris, Akon,


Question: Represent this phrase to find its first Wikipedia paragraph

Question: Barium

Cumberland, now known to be witherite. Barium was first isolated by electrolysis of molten barium salts in 1808 by Sir Humphry Davy in England. Davy, by analogy with calcium, named "barium" after baryta, with the "-ium" ending signifying a metallic element. Robert Bunsen and Augustus Matthiessen obtained pure barium by electrolysis of a molten mixture of barium chloride and ammonium chloride.
The production of pure oxygen in the Brin process was a large-scale application of barium peroxide in the 1880s, before it was replaced

Fritz Klatte
Fritz Klatte (28 March 1880, Diepholz – 11 February 1934) was a German chemist and the discoverer of polyvinyl acetate, with German patent (GP 281687 1912) for its preparation from acetylene gas.
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was discovered by French physicist Henri Victor Regnault, and German physicist Eugen Baumann. Klatte designed the production process, although never successfully commercialised it. Klatte is sometimes incorrectly attributed to be the discoverer or inventor of PVC.
Notes.
For further biographical information (including photo


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page

Question: Broca's area

represent this wikipedia passage to find its title

E.g. ['represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it', "Bella and the Bulldogs\nBella and the Bulldogs is an American comedy television series created by Jonathan Butler and Gabriel Garza that aired on Nickelodeon from January 17, 2015 to June 25, 2016. The series stars Brec Bassinger, Coy Stewart, Jackie Radinsky, Buddy Handleson, Lilimar, Haley Tju, and Rio Mangini.\nPremise.\nThe series follows cheerleader Bella Dawson whose life in Texas takes an unexpected twist when she is recruited to become the new quarterback for her school's football team, the Bulldogs. At first"] == ['Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph)', 'Bella and the Bulldogs']

Broca's area
Broca's area, or the Broca area ( or ), is a region in the frontal lobe of the dominant hemisphere, usually the left, of the brain with functions linked to speech production.
Language processing has been linked to Broca's area since Pierre Paul Broca reported impairments in two patients. They had lost the ability to speak after injury to the posterior inferior frontal gyrus (pars triangularis) (BA45) of the brain. Since then, the approximate region he identified has become known as

Broca's aphasia is a specific type of expressive aphasia and is so named due to the aphasia that results from damage or lesions to the Broca's area of the brain, that exists most commonly in the left inferior frontal hemisphere. Thus, the aphasia that develops from the lack of functioning of the Broca's area is an expressive and non-fluent aphasia. It is called 'non-fluent' due the issues that arise because Broca's area is critical for language pronunciation and production. The area controls some motor


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page

Question: Camembert

be placed in wooden boxes for transport.
History.
Camembert was reputedly first made in 1791 by Marie Harel, a farmer from Normandy, following advice from a priest who came from Brie.
However, the origin of the cheese known today as Camembert is more likely to rest with the beginnings of the industrialization of the cheesemaking process at the end of the 19th century. In 1890, an engineer, M. Ridel, devised the wooden box that was used to carry the cheese and helped to send it for longer


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page.

Question: Einsteinium

History.
Einsteinium was first identified in December 1952 by Albert Ghiorso and co-workers at the University of California, Berkeley in collaboration with the Argonne and Los Alamos National Laboratories, in the fallout from the "Ivy Mike" nuclear test. The test was carried out on November 1, 1952, at Enewetak Atoll in the Pacific Ocean and was the first successful test of a hydrogen bomb. Initial examination of the debris from the explosion had shown the production of a new isotope of plutonium, , which could only

well-known advocate of science education and federal funding for pure research. Toward the end of the Eisenhower administration, he was the principal author of the Seaborg Report on academic science, and, as a member of President Ronald Reagan's National Commission on Excellence in Education, he was a key contributor to its 1983 report "A Nation at Risk".
Seaborg was the principal or co-discoverer of ten elements: plutonium, americium, curium, berkelium, californium, einsteinium, fermium, mendelevium, nobelium and element


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page

Question: Francium

Represent this Wikipedia passage to find its title.

by its short half-life would immediately vaporize any viewable quantity of the element.
Francium was discovered by Marguerite Perey in France (from which the element takes its name) in 1939. It was the last element first discovered in nature, rather than by synthesis. Outside the laboratory, francium is extremely rare, with trace amounts found in uranium and thorium ores, where the isotope francium-223 continually forms and decays. As little as 20–30 g (one ounce) exists at any given time throughout the Earth's crust

Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it


Question: represent this phrase to find its first wikipedia paragraph

Question: Local Group

Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it:

secluded from these large subgroups: IC 10, IC 1613, Phoenix Dwarf Galaxy, Leo A, Tucana Dwarf Galaxy, Cetus Dwarf Galaxy, Pegasus Dwarf Irregular Galaxy, Wolf–Lundmark–Melotte, Aquarius Dwarf Galaxy, and Sagittarius Dwarf Irregular Galaxy.
History.
The term "The Local Group" was introduced by Edwin Hubble in Chapter VI of his 1936 book "The Realm of the Nebulae". There, he described it as "a typical small group of nebulae which is isolated in the general field"

novelist
- Gustav Klimt painter
- Pina Kollar singer and songwriter
- Franz König Cardinal Archbishop
- Karl Kordesch chemist and inventor
- Hans Krankl footballer
- Karl Kraus satirist; publisher of the newspaper "Die Fackel"
- Hedy Lamarr actor and inventor
- Karl Landsteiner biologist and physician; discoverer of blood group; recipient of the 1930 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- Fritz Lang director
- Josef Lanner composer
- Niki Lauda entrepreneur and race car driver
- Henry Lehrman silent film


Question: Represent this phrase to find its first Wikipedia paragraph

Question: Pluto

Represent this Wikipedia passage to find its title

Pluto
Pluto (minor planet designation: 134340 Pluto) is a dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt, a ring of bodies beyond Neptune. It was the first Kuiper belt object to be discovered and is the largest known plutoid (or "ice dwarf").
Pluto was discovered by Clyde Tombaugh in 1930 and was originally considered to be the ninth planet from the Sun. After 1992, its status as a planet was questioned following the discovery of several objects of similar size in the Kuiper belt. In 2005,

represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it

mission to comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, In the 1990s and 2000s he worked on the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer space telescope, conducted research into comets using the Hubble Space Telescope., and co-led the Pluto Companion Search Team that in 2005 discovered the second and third moons of Pluto (Nix and Hydra) using the Hubble.
His involvement in the New Horizons mission to Pluto and beyond meant that Weaver was also co-discoverer of Kerberos and Styx in 2011 and 2012 respectively. Weaver has frequently appeared with


Question: Represent this phrase to find its first Wikipedia paragraph!

Question: Wernicke's area

named after Carl Wernicke, a German neurologist and psychiatrist who, in 1874, hypothesized a link between the left posterior section of the superior temporal gyrus and the reflexive mimicking of words and their syllables that associated the sensory and motor images of spoken words. He did this on the basis of the location of brain injuries that caused aphasia. Receptive aphasia in which such abilities are preserved is also known as Wernicke's aphasia. In this condition there is a major impairment of language comprehension, while speech retains a natural-sounding rhythm

, co-discoverer of the structure of the DNA molecule
- Philip Barker Webb (1793–1854), English botanist (abbr. in botany: Webb)
- Hugh Algernon Weddell (1819–1877), English botanist (abbr. in botany: Wedd.)
- Robert Weinberg (born 1942), American cancer biologist
- August Weismann (1834–1914), German biologist
- Friedrich Welwitsch (1806–1872), Austrian botanist
- Karl Wernicke (1848–1905), German physician and neuroanatomist, discovered Wernicke's area


Question: Represent this phrase to find its first Wikipedia paragraph

Question: Zeeman effect

Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it.

Zeeman effect
The Zeeman effect (; ), named after the Dutch physicist Pieter Zeeman, is the effect of splitting of a spectral line into several components in the presence of a static magnetic field. It is analogous to the Stark effect, the splitting of a spectral line into several components in the presence of an electric field. Also similar to the Stark effect, transitions between different components have, in general, different intensities, with some being entirely forbidden (in the dipole approximation), as governed by the selection rules

represent the text to find the scientific term it describes

.
- Agnes O'Farrelly BA (1899), MA (1900) – Professor of modern Irish in UCD (1932–1947)
- James O'Mara BA (1898) – Irish Parliamentary Party MP, and Sinn Féin MP for Kilkenny South.
- Alice Oldham BA, campaigned for women to be admitted to Trinity College Dublin.
- Pádraig Pearse – BA Modern Languages (1901)
- Thomas Preston, scientist and discoverer the Anomalous Zeeman Effect, among other achievements
- Hanna Sheehy-Skeffington – BA (1899


Question: Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph)

Question: DBSCAN

Represent the text to find the scientific term it describes!

DBSCAN
Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) is a data clustering algorithm proposed by Martin Ester, Hans-Peter Kriegel, Jörg Sander and Xiaowei Xu in 1996.
It is a density-based clustering non-parametric algorithm: given a set of points in some space, it groups together points that are closely packed together (points with many nearby neighbors), marking as outliers points that lie alone in low-density regions (whose nearest neighbors are too far away).
DBSCAN

Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it!


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page!

Question: Deuterium

%) of all the naturally occurring hydrogen in the oceans, while protium accounts for more than 99.98%. The abundance of deuterium changes slightly from one kind of natural water to another (see Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water).
The deuterium isotope's name is formed from the Greek "deuteros", meaning "second", to denote the two particles composing the nucleus. Deuterium was discovered and named in 1931 by Harold Urey. When the neutron was discovered in 1932, this made the nuclear structure of deuterium obvious

Represent this Wikipedia passage to find its title


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page

Question: Doggerland

Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it

Norfolk. The peat was found to contain a barbed antler point, possibly used as a harpoon or fish spear, long, which dated from between 4,000 and 10,000 BC when the area was tundra.
Interest was reinvigorated in the 1990s by Bryony Coles, who named the area "Doggerland" ("after the great banks in the southern North Sea") and produced speculative maps of the area. Although she recognised that the current relief of the southern North Sea seabed is not a sound guide to the topography of


Question:
represent the input
Gregorian telescope

Gregorian telescope
The Gregorian telescope is a type of reflecting telescope designed by Scottish mathematician and astronomer James Gregory in the 17th century, and first built in 1673 by Robert Hooke. James Gregory was a contemporary of Isaac Newton, both often worked simultaneously on similar projects. Gregory's design was published in 1663 and pre-dates the first practical reflecting telescope, the Newtonian telescope, built by Sir Isaac Newton in 1668. However, Gregory's design was only a theoretical description and he never actually constructed the telescope. It was

Alphabetical list L.
- Anders Johan Lexell, astronomer and mathematician; researcher of celestial mechanics and comet astronomy; proved that Uranus is a planet rather than a comet
- Andrei Linde, created the Universe chaotic inflation theory
- Evgeny Lifshitz, an author of the BKL singularity model of the Universe evolution
- Mikhail Lomonosov polymath, inventor of the off-axis reflecting telescope, discoverer of the atmosphere of Venus
- Mikhail Lyapunov, astronomer
- Kronid Lyubarsky, worked on the Soviet program of interplanetary exploration of Mars


Question: Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph)

Question: Mohr's circle

Mohr's circle
Mohr's circle, named after Christian Otto Mohr, is a two-dimensional graphical representation of the transformation law for the Cauchy stress tensor.
Mohr's circle is often used in
calculations relating to mechanical engineering for materials' strength, geotechnical engineering for strength of soils and, structural engineering for strength of built structures respectively. Examples of these are to be found in many soil mechanics textbooks such as "Smith's Soil Mechanics" by Smith and "Statics: Engineering Mechanics" by Bedford and Fowler

Represent the text to find the scientific term it describes

circle and the centre of the circle.
This double angle relation comes from the fact that the parametric equations for the Mohr circle are a function of formula_35. It can also be seen that the planes formula_80 and formula_81 in the material element around formula_7 of Figure 5 are separated by an angle formula_135, which in the Mohr circle is represented by a formula_136 angle (double the angle).
Mohr's circle for two-dimensional state of stress Finding stress components on an arbitrary plane Pole or origin of planes.
The second


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page.

Question: Orion Nebula

Represent the text to find the scientific term it describes

nebulous nature of the Orion Nebula is generally credited to French astronomer Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc, on November 26, 1610 when he made a record of observing it with a refracting telescope purchased by his patron Guillaume du Vair.
The first published observation of the nebula was by the Jesuit mathematician and astronomer Johann Baptist Cysat of Lucerne in his 1619 monograph on the comets (describing observations of the nebula that may date back to 1611).
His description of the center stars as different from a comet's head in

Peter McCullough
Peter R. McCullough (; born August 20, 1964, Providence, Rhode Island) is an American astronomer, founder of the XO Project and discoverer of extrasolar transiting planets, such as XO-1b. Soon after the U.S. declassification of the laser beacon adaptive optics technique in 1991, he identified dusty disks around newborn stars, later referred to as proplyds, in observations of the Orion Nebula made with the Starfire Optical Range. Astronomers John Gaustad, McCullough, and David Van Buren with engineer Wayne Rosing mapped the entire southern sky


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page

Question: Tempel 1

Tempel 1
Tempel 1 (official designation: 9P/Tempel) is a periodic Jupiter-family comet discovered by Wilhelm Tempel in 1867. It completes an orbit of the Sun every 5.5 years. Tempel 1 was the target of the "Deep Impact" space mission, which photographed a deliberate high-speed impact upon the comet in 2005. It was re-visited by the "Stardust" spacecraft on February 14, 2011 and came back to perihelion in August 2016.
Discovery and orbital history.
Tempel 1

Represent the text to find the scientific term it describes:

64 Angelina
Angelina (minor planet designation: 64 Angelina) is an asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 50 kilometers in diameter. It is an unusually bright form of E-type asteroid.
Discovery and naming.
Angelina was discovered on March 4, 1861, by a prolific comet discoverer, E. W. Tempel, observing from Marseilles, France. It was the first of his five asteroid discoveries.
The naming of Angelina caused some controversy. It was chosen by Benjamin Valz, director


Question: Represent this phrase to find its first Wikipedia paragraph

Question: Enceladus

, tectonically deformed terrains.
Enceladus was discovered on August 28, 1789, by William Herschel, but little was known about it until the two Voyager spacecraft, "Voyager 1" and "Voyager 2", passed nearby in the early 1980s. In 2005, the "Cassini" spacecraft started multiple close flybys of Enceladus, revealing its surface and environment in greater detail. In particular, "Cassini" discovered water-rich plumes venting from the south polar region. Cryovolcanoes near the south pole shoot geyser-like jets

Fritz Klatte
Fritz Klatte (28 March 1880, Diepholz – 11 February 1934) was a German chemist and the discoverer of polyvinyl acetate, with German patent (GP 281687 1912) for its preparation from acetylene gas.
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was discovered by French physicist Henri Victor Regnault, and German physicist Eugen Baumann. Klatte designed the production process, although never successfully commercialised it. Klatte is sometimes incorrectly attributed to be the discoverer or inventor of PVC.
Notes.
For further biographical information (including photo


Question: Ötzi

In addition, two people came forward to claim that they were part of the same mountaineering party that came across Ötzi and discovered the body first:
- Magdalena Mohar Jarc, a retired Slovenian climber, who alleged that she discovered the corpse first after falling into a crevice, and shortly after returning to a mountain hut, asked Helmut Simon to take photographs of Ötzi. She cited Reinhold Messner, who was also present in the mountain hut, as the witness to this.
- Sandra Nemeth, from Switzerland,

Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it:


Question: Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph)

Question: Bunsen burner

Bunsen burner
A Bunsen burner, named after Robert Bunsen, is a common piece of laboratory equipment that produces a single open gas flame, which is used for heating, sterilization, and combustion.
The gas can be natural gas (which is mainly methane) or a liquefied petroleum gas, such as propane, butane, or a mixture of both.
History.
In 1852 the University of Heidelberg hired Bunsen and promised him a new laboratory building. The city of Heidelberg had begun to install coal-gas

Represent this Wikipedia passage to find its title!

C. Brown (1912–2004), 1979 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
- Eduard Buchner (1860–1917), 1907 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
- Stephen L. Buchwald, (born 1955), American Chemist, Organic Chemistry, co-discoverer of Palladium-patalyzed C-N bond formation Buchwald–Hartwig amination
- Robert Wilhelm Bunsen (1811–1899), German inventor, chemist, discovered the elements caesium and rubidium with Gustav Kirchhoff and invented the Bunsen burner
- William Merriam Burton (1865–1954), American chemist, developed the first


Question: Represent this phrase to find its first Wikipedia paragraph.

Question: Dahlgren gun

Represent the text to find the scientific term it describes.

Dahlgren gun
Dahlgren guns were muzzle-loading naval artillery designed by Rear Admiral John A. Dahlgren USN (November 13, 1809 – July 12, 1870), mostly used in the period of the American Civil War. Dahlgren's design philosophy evolved from an accidental explosion in 1849 of a 32-pounder being tested for accuracy, killing a gunner. He believed a safer, more powerful naval cannon could be designed using more scientific design criteria. Dahlgren guns were designed with a smooth curved shape, equalizing strain and concentrating more weight of

cast from metal recovered from the wreckage of the USS Maine, which was destroyed in Havana Harbor February 15, 1898. Two hundred and sixty six men lost their lives when more than live tons of powder charges exploded completely destroying the forward third of the ship. Although most historians now agree that the explosion was accidental, tensions in the aftermath of the disaster contributed to America's decision to begin the Spanish–American War of 1898.
The cannon itself is a Civil War era Dahlgren gun, named for its inventor Rear


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page

Question: Xenon

most significant (and unwanted) neutron absorber in nuclear reactors.
History.
Xenon was discovered in England by the Scottish chemist William Ramsay and English chemist Morris Travers in September 1898, shortly after their discovery of the elements krypton and neon. They found xenon in the residue left over from evaporating components of liquid air. Ramsay suggested the name "xenon" for this gas from the Greek word ξένον "xénon", neuter singular form of ξένος "xénos", meaning 'foreign(er)', 'strange(r)'

XENON home page at the University of Zurich
- XENON home page at Rice University
- XENON home page at Brown University
- XENON home page at University of California, Los Angeles
- Dark matter limit plotter with the latest results from XENON and other experiments
- Enlightening the dark, CERN Courier, Sep 27, 2013


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page!

Question: Auckland Province

Auckland Province
The Auckland Province was a province of New Zealand from 1853 until the abolition of provincial government in 1876.
Area.
The province covered roughly half of the North Island of New Zealand. It was the largest of the six initial provinces, both by area and population. The southern boundary was mostly along the 39th latitude, which was an arbitrary line, as the country's interior was little known by Europeans. It was not subdivided during its existence; the Taranaki Province (originally named New Plymouth Province

also in 1989, the Opaheke area was included into the Papakura District boundaries.
Since October 2010, after a review of the Royal Commission on Auckland Governance, the entire Auckland Region was be amalgamated into a single city authority. As well as the former Papakura District, all other territorial authorities have been abolished and the entire area has been dissolved into a single Auckland city council. The suburb of Opaheke has now been in the "Manurewa-Papakura Ward" of the Auckland Council ever since.
People.
The


Question: Represent this phrase to find its first Wikipedia paragraph

Question: Bear Stearns

Bear Stearns
The Bear Stearns Companies, Inc. was a New York-based global investment bank, securities trading and brokerage firm that failed in 2008 as part of the global financial crisis and recession, and was subsequently sold to JPMorgan Chase. Its main business areas before its failure were capital markets, investment banking, wealth management, and global clearing services, and it was heavily involved in the subprime mortgage crisis.
In the years leading up to the failure, Bear Stearns was heavily involved in securitization and issued large amounts

time of its acquisition, "its collapse raises serious questions about the adequacy of these requirements." However, according to the Inspector General, his report "did not include a determination of the cause of Bear Stearns' collapse" or determine "whether any of these issues directly contributed to Bear Stearns' collapse." On that subject, the report stated, "we have no evidence linking these significant deficiencies with the cause of Bear Stearns' collapse." Cox criticized the oversight program on the ground that because of its


Question: Commonwealth of the Philippines

represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it
Fewshot example: "['Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it', 'Council on Foreign Relations\nThe Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), founded in 1921, is a United States nonprofit think tank specializing in U.S. foreign policy and international affairs. It is headquartered in New York City, with an additional office in Washington, D.C. Its membership, which numbers 4,900, has included senior politicians, more than a dozen secretaries of state, CIA directors, bankers, lawyers, professors and senior media figures. It is known for its neoconservative and neoliberal leanings.\nThe CFR meetings convene government officials']" == "['Represent this phrase to find its first Wikipedia paragraph', 'Council on Foreign Relations']"

Commonwealth of the Philippines
The Commonwealth of the Philippines (; ) was the administrative body that governed the Philippines from 1935 to 1946, aside from a period of exile in the Second World War from 1942 to 1945 when Japan occupied the country. It replaced the Insular Government, a United States territorial government, and was established by the Tydings–McDuffie Act. The Commonwealth was designed as a transitional administration in preparation for the country's full achievement of independence.
During its more than a decade of existence, the Commonwealth had

to continue to participate. The House of Lords was abolished (6 February 1649) as was the monarchy (7 February 1649). Thereafter the Rump of the House of Commons was the only remaining element of Parliament. It legislated the Commonwealth of England into existence on 19 May 1649. The date of Pride's Purge is given in the Assembled column and the date when Oliver Cromwell dissolved the Rump by force is in the Dissolved column.
- (c) The Little or Barebones Parliament was an appointed body.


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page

Question: Harsha

Represent the text to find the scientific term it describes:

Harsha
Harsha (c. 590–647 CE), also known as Harshavardhana, was an Indian emperor who ruled North India from 606 to 647 CE. He was a member of the Vardhana dynasty; and was the son of Prabhakarvardhana who defeated the Alchon Huna invaders, and the younger brother of Rajyavardhana, a king of Thanesar, present-day Haryana. At the height of Harsha's power, his Empire covered much of North and Northwestern India, extended East till Kamarupa, and South until Narmada River; and eventually made Kannauj

Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it

proclaimed on 4 Sep 1871, under the Cross and Bye Roads Act 1870 (33 Vict No.8.) and abolished on 26 Sep 1881.
The Browns River Road District was proclaimed on 26 Sep 1881, under the Cross and Bye Roads Act 1870 (33 Vict No.8.) and was abolished on 16 Nov 1885.
The Sandy Bay Road District was proclaimed on 16 Nov 1885, under the Roads Act 1870 (48 Vict No.28.).
The Browns River Road District proclaimed on 23 Jul 1897, and


Question: Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph)

Question: India Office

of British India in 1947 into the two new independent dominions of India and Pakistan, the India Office was closed down. Responsibility for the United Kingdom's relations with the two new countries was transferred to the Commonwealth Relations Office (formerly the Dominions Office).
Origins of the India Office (1600–1858).
The East India Company was established in 1600 as a joint-stock company of English merchants who received, by a series of charters, exclusive rights to English trade with the "Indies", defined as the

Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it.

of 1812 is referenced in the line 'rockets red glare' which appears in the Star-Spangled Banner.
After Waterloo in 1815, Europe was at peace until the 1853 Crimean War. Overall supervision of the regiment was transferred to the War Office when the Board of Ordnance was abolished in 1855 and the War Office School of Gunnery established in Shoeburyness in 1859. When the British East India Company was dissolved in 1862, its artillery function was absorbed by the Royal artillery, giving it a total strength of 29 horse batteries


Question: Represent this phrase to find its first Wikipedia paragraph

Question: Inland Revenue

Inland Revenue
The Inland Revenue was, until April 2005, a department of the British Government responsible for the collection of direct taxation, including income tax, national insurance contributions, capital gains tax, inheritance tax, corporation tax, petroleum revenue tax and stamp duty. More recently, the Inland Revenue also administered the Tax Credits schemes, whereby monies, such as Working Tax Credit (WTC) and Child Tax Credit (CTC), are paid by the Government into a recipient's bank account or as part of their wages

Represent the text to find the scientific term it describes

Minister of Customs and Inland Revenue (Canada)
The position of Minister of Customs and Inland Revenue was a Minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet responsible for the collection of taxes and duties and created in 1918 by combining the former positions of Minister of Inland Revenue and Minister of Customs. In 1921, the office of Minister of Customs and Inland Revenue was abolished and the office of Minister of Customs and Excise was created by Statute 11-12 Geo. V, c. 26, and assented to on 4 June 1921


Question: represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its wikipedia page

Question: Insight Communications

letters were sent to Insight customers informing them that starting in June 2013, Insight Communications will be completely absorbed, and Insight service will be replaced by Time Warner Cable. Former Insight customers continue to be able to utilize their former 'insightbb.com' email addresses through Time Warner Cable's email system.

access lines and 29,000 broadband customers, nearly doubling the company's presence in North Carolina. The sale closed August 31, 2007. The telephone operating company was renamed Windstream Concord Telephone.
In 2007, Windstream sold off its Windstream Yellow Pages unit to a private equity firm, who renamed the unit Local Insight Yellow Pages. The company has been dissolved into The Berry Company.
On May 11, 2009, the company announced that it would acquire D&E Communications of Ephrata, Pennsylvania for approximately $330 million. The acquisition


Question: represent this phrase to find its first wikipedia paragraph

Question: July Monarchy

Represent the text to find the scientific term it describes

July Monarchy
The July Monarchy () was a liberal constitutional monarchy in France under Louis Philippe I, starting with the July Revolution of 1830 and ending with the Revolution of 1848. It marks the end of the Bourbon Restoration (1814–1830). It began with the overthrow of the conservative government of Charles X, the last king of the House of Bourbon.
Louis Philippe, a member of the more liberal Orléans branch of the House of Bourbon, proclaimed himself as "Roi des Français" ("King of the

chief advisers Jules, Prince de Polignac, issued the Four Ordinances of St. Cloud. These ordinances abolished freedom of the press, reduced the electorate by 75%, and dissolved the lower house. This action provoked an immediate reaction from the citizenry, who revolted against the monarchy during the Three Glorious Days of 26–29 July 1830. Charles was forced to abdicate the throne and to flee Paris for the United Kingdom. As a result, Louis Philippe, of the Orléanist branch, rose to power, replacing the old Charter by the


Question: Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph)

Question: Kingdom of Mapungubwe

Kingdom of Mapungubwe
The Kingdom of Mapungubwe (or Maphungubgwe) (c.1075–1220) was a pre-colonial state in Southern Africa located at the confluence of the Shashe and Limpopo rivers, south of Great Zimbabwe. The name is derived from either TjiKalanga and Tshivenda. The name means "Hill of Jackals". The kingdom was the first stage in a development that would culminate in the creation of the Kingdom of Zimbabwe in the 13th century, and with gold trading links to Rhapta and Kilwa Kisiwani on the African east coast.

represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it
For instance, <<['Represent this Wikipedia passage to find its title', 'Edmond Dantès\nEdmond Dantès () is a title character and the protagonist of Alexandre Dumas, père\'s 1844 adventure novel "The Count of Monte Cristo". Within the story\'s narrative, Dantès is an intelligent, honest and loving man who turns bitter and vengeful after he is framed for a crime he did not commit. When Dantès finds himself free and enormously wealthy, he takes it upon himself to reward those who have helped him in his plight and punish those responsible for his years of suffering. He is known']>>  to <<['Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph)', 'Edmond Dantès']>>

lived inside the western wall.
Origins of the name.
The capital of the kingdom was called Mapungubwe, which is where the kingdom gets its name. The site of the city is now a World Heritage Site, South African National Heritage Site, national park, and archaeological site. There is controversy regarding the origin and meaning of the name "Mapungubwe". Conventional wisdom has it that Mapungubwe means "place of Jackals," or alternatively, "place where Jackals eat", thavha ya dzi phunguhwe, or


Question: Represent this phrase to find its first Wikipedia paragraph:

Question: Movie Gallery

Movie Gallery
Movie Gallery, Inc. (former NASDAQ ticker symbol MOVI) was the second largest movie and game rental company in the United States and Canada, behind Blockbuster Video. The company rented and sold Blu-ray Discs, DVDs, VHS tapes, and video games. Founded in Dothan, Alabama, the company was headquartered in Dothan, and later in Wilsonville, Oregon.
On April 30, 2010, Movie Gallery announced it was closing and liquidating all of its stores per a filing of Chapter 7 bankruptcy.

represent this wikipedia passage to find its title


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page

Question: Province of Maryland

Province of Maryland
The Province of Maryland was an English and later British colony in North America that existed from 1632 until 1776, when it joined the other twelve of the Thirteen Colonies in rebellion against Great Britain and became the U.S. state of Maryland. Its first settlement and capital was St. Mary's City, in the southern end of St. Mary's County, which is a peninsula in the Chesapeake Bay and is also bordered by four tidal rivers.
The province began as a proprietary colony of the English Lord Baltimore,

Houses of Parliament as "own affairs". The provincial councils were entirely abolished by the Provincial Government Act, 1986, which provided for an executive council for each province to be appointed by the State President. The legislative powers of each provincial council were transferred to the Administrator of the province, subject to the approval of Parliament.
In 1994, on the commencement of the Interim Constitution, the four original provinces were dissolved to be replaced by the nine provinces now existing. Each new province has a provincial legislature which has


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page

Question: Republic of Formosa

Represent the text to find the scientific term it describes!

Republic of Formosa
The Republic of Formosa (), was a short-lived republic that existed on the island of Taiwan in 1895 between the formal cession of Taiwan by the Qing Dynasty of China to the Empire of Japan by the Treaty of Shimonoseki and its being taken over by Japanese troops. The Republic was proclaimed on 23 May 1895 and extinguished on 21 October, when the Republican capital Tainan was taken over by the Japanese. Though sometimes claimed as the first Asian republic to have been proclaimed, it was predated by

at a suggestion from the conservative German Social Union party, that all images of the national emblem on public buildings would be removed or covered. There was never a decision made for a new national coat of arms or emblem. The emblem was never formally abolished but became obsolete on the same moment the German Democratic Republic was dissolved, on 3 October 1990.
See also.
- Hammer and sickle
- Square and Compasses
- Coat of arms of Germany
External links.
- Gesetz über das Staatswappen und


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page

Question: Sara Lee Corporation

company bought a company known as Kitchens of Sara Lee, which became one of the company's best-known brand names. Management adopted the brand name as the name of the corporation as a whole in 1985. As of 2005, Sara Lee Corporation had operations in more than 40 countries; sold food, beverage, and household products in over 180 countries; and had some 137,000 employees worldwide.
On July 4, 2012, Sara Lee Corporation was split into two companies—one for North American operations which would be

Represent this Wikipedia passage to find its title.

Sarah Lee
Sara Lee or Sarah Lee may refer to:
- Sara Lee Corporation, an American consumer-goods company
- Sara Lee (wrestler), American professional wrestler
- Sara Lee (musician), English bassist and singer-songwriter
- Sarah Lee (reporter) (born 1971), Korean American reporter for CNN
- Sarah Lee (golfer) (born 1979), South Korean professional golfer
- Sarah Lee (actress), a Hong Kong-based actress, see "School


Question:
Represent the next text!
Symbionese Liberation Army

Represent this Wikipedia passage to find its title.

Symbionese Liberation Army
The United Federated Forces of the Symbionese Liberation Army (SLA) was an American left-wing terrorist organization active between 1973 and 1975 that considered itself a vanguard army. The group committed bank robberies, two murders, and other acts of violence.
The SLA became internationally notorious for the kidnapping of heiress Patricia Hearst, abducting the 19-year-old from Berkeley, California. Interest increased when Hearst, in audiotaped messages delivered to (and broadcast by) regional news media, announced that she had joined the

Represent this Wikipedia passage to find its title!

bowler (b. 1932)
- May 17 – Symbionese Liberation Army Los Angeles police shootout of its members
- Angela Atwood, American founding member of the Symbionese Liberation Army (b. 1949)
- Donald DeFreeze, American leader of the Symbionese Liberation Army; who went by the nom de guerre "Field Marshall Cinque" (b. 1943)
- Camilla Hall, American member of the Symbionese Liberation Army; one of main kidnappers of heiress Patricia Hearst (b. 1945)
- Nancy Ling Perry, American member of


Question: Ani

most technically and artistically advanced structures in the world. At its height, Ani was one of the biggest cities in the world, and its population was probably on the order of 100,000.
Long ago renowned for its splendor and magnificence, Ani was sacked by the Mongols in 1236 and devastated in a 1319 earthquake, after which it was reduced to a village and gradually abandoned and largely forgotten by the seventeenth century. Ani is a widely recognized cultural, religious, and national heritage symbol for Armenians. According to Razmik Panossian

represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it!

institution was dissolved in 1977 to create its replacement, the "Central Nacional de Informaciones" (National Information Centre, or CNI), which performed the same tasks as the DINA. The CNI was dissolved in 1990.
Organization and Duties.
The ANI was established by Law No. 19974 of 2004, establishing roles, rules, and the secrecy with which it operates. Its highest authority is the director, responsible for the exclusive trust of the president.
The agency, according to 2006 regulations, has a


Question: Colony of New Zealand

defeated Sewell's government on 20 May 1856. Fox himself, however, did not retain office for long, being defeated by Edward Stafford, a moderate.
Elevation to Dominion.
The Colony of New Zealand continued until 26 September 1907, when, as a result of a decision by the 1907 Imperial Conference and by request of the New Zealand government, King Edward VII declared New Zealand to be a Dominion. On the same day, the King issued another Royal Proclamation granting the Colony of Newfoundland the status of Dominion

Judicature Act 1874 and have been used on a very limited number of occasions. Their function in Victoria particularly relates to alleged offences either by bodies corporate or where magistrates have aborted the prosecution.
By jurisdiction New Zealand.
New Zealand abolished the grand jury in 1961.
By jurisdiction Cape Colony.
Trial by jury was introduced in the Cape Colony by Richard Bourke, Lieutenant Governor and acting Governor of the colony between 1826 and 1828. The acting Governor, who was later influential in the establishment of jury trial in New South


Question: Represent this phrase to find its first Wikipedia paragraph

Question: Delhi Sultanate

Represent this Wikipedia passage to find its title

Delhi Sultanate
The Delhi Sultanate (, ) was an Islamic empire based in Delhi that stretched over large parts of the Indian subcontinent for 320 years (1206–1526). Five dynasties ruled over the Delhi Sultanate sequentially: the Mamluk dynasty (1206–90), the Khalji dynasty (1290–1320), the Tughlaq dynasty (1320–1414), the Sayyid dynasty (1414–51), and the Lodi dynasty (1451–1526). The sultanate is noted for being one of the few powers to repel an attack by the Mongols (from the Chagatai Khanate

the 14th century slavery become less common and in 1562 "Akbar abolished the practice of enslaving the families of war captives." Akbar recognized Hinduism, protected Hindu temples, and abolished Jizya (head taxes) against Hindus. Occasionally, Muslim rulers of the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire, before and after Akbar, from the 12th century to the 18th century, destroyed Hindu temples, and persecuted non-Muslims.
Though Islam came to Indian subcontinent in the early 7th century with the advent of Arab traders, it started


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page

Question: Greenback Party

Greenback Party
The Greenback Party (known successively as the Independent Party, the National Independent Party, and the Greenback Labor Party) was an American political party with an anti-monopoly ideology which was active between 1874 and 1889. The party ran candidates in three presidential elections—in the elections of 1876, 1880, and 1884, before fading away.
The party's name referred to the non-gold backed paper money, commonly known as "greenbacks", issued by the North during the American Civil War and

in the event remained entirely theoretical since the Council was abolished before it could be applied to anyone.
During its existence, all Members of the Legislative Council belonged to either the Quebec Liberal Party, the Conservative Party of Quebec, or the Union Nationale.
When it was dissolved the standings were: Union Nationale – 15, Liberal – 9.
Members.
Members Alma.
- Jean-Louis Beaudry 1867–1886 Conservative
- Sévère Rivard 1886–1888 Conservative
- Louis Tourville 1888–1896 Liberal
- Trefflé Berthiaume 1896–1915 Conservative


Question: Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph)

Question: Holy Roman Empire

Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire (; ) was a multi-ethnic complex of territories in Western and Central Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars. The largest territory of the empire after 962 was the Kingdom of Germany, though it also came to include the neighboring Kingdom of Bohemia, the Kingdom of Burgundy, the Kingdom of Italy, and numerous other territories.
On 25 December 800, Pope Leo III crowned the Frankish king Charlemagne as Emperor,

Represent this Wikipedia passage to find its title

branches of the family during the 13th to 15th centuries, re-united under Albert IV, Duke of Bavaria in 1503. In 1623, it was raised to the status of Electorate, and following the disintegration of the Holy Roman Empire it became independent as a Kingdom.
Legacy.
The complicated political history of the Holy Roman Empire during Middle Ages led to the division or disestablishemt of most early medieval duchies.
Frederick Barbarossa in 1180 abolished the system of stem duchies in favour of more numerous territorial duchies.


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page

Question: Janata Party

ineffective government led to the resurgence of Gandhi and her new Congress (I) party, which won the general election called in 1980. Although the original Janata Party fragmented and dissolved, modern political parties continue to invoke its legacy. In August 2013, the party was merged with the Bharatiya Janata Party.
History.
Having led the Indian independence movement, the Indian National Congress became the most popular political party in independent India and won every election following national independence in 1947. However, the Indian National Congress bifurcated in

Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it!

Palia constituency
in 2012 and he is a member of the Bahujan Samaj Party.
In Sep 2016 Sahani was left from Bahujan Samaj Party and join Bhartiya Janata Party. in Seventeenth Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh 2017 he again represented the Palia constituency as a member of Bhartiya Janata Party he defeating Bahujan Samaj Party candidate Virendra Kumar Agarwal by a record margin of 69,228 votes.
See also.
- Palia (Assembly constituency)
- Sixteenth Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh
- Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly


Question: Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph)!

Question: Kingdom of Yugoslavia

Represent this Wikipedia passage to find its title!

was signed which merged the "de facto" and the "de jure" government of Yugoslavia.
In early 1945, after the Germans had been driven out, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was formally restored on paper. But real political power was held by Tito's Communist Partisans. On 29 November, King Peter II was deposed (and the monarchy abolished) by Yugoslavia's Communist Constituent Assembly while he was still in exile. On 2 December, the Communist authorities claimed the entire territory as part of the Democratic

Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it

Yugoslav National Party
The Yugoslav National Party (, Југословенска национална странка, JNS; ) was a political party in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia between 1932 and 1941. It was established under the name Yugoslav Radical Peasants' Democracy as the official party of the state under King Alexander.
History.
On 6 January 1929, the king dissolved the Parliament and abolished the constitution, and banning all political parties. This became known as the 6 January Dictatorship. In 1931, a new constitution was put into place, which provided


Question:
represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its wikipedia page.

The provided query could be '['Represent this phrase to find its first Wikipedia paragraph', 'RocknRolla']' and the positive '['Represent the text to find the scientific term it describes', 'RocknRolla\nRocknRolla is a 2008 crime comedy film written and directed by Guy Ritchie, and starring Gerard Butler, Tom Wilkinson, Thandie Newton, Mark Strong, Idris Elba, Tom Hardy, Gemma Arterton and Toby Kebbell. It was released on 5 September 2008 in the United Kingdom, hitting number one in the UK box office in its first week of release.\nPlot.\nIn London, mob boss Lenny Cole (Tom Wilkinson) rules the ever-growing real estate business, using a corrupt Councillor (Jimi Mistry']' and the negative '['Represent the text to find the scientific term it describes:', 'Jamie Campbell Bower as Rocker\n- Tiffany Mulheron as Jackie\nA scheduling conflict prevented director Guy Ritchie from casting actor Jason Statham, who had appeared in four of his previous films.\nProduction.\nIn May 2007, director Guy Ritchie announced the production of "RocknRolla", to be produced by Ritchie\'s own company, Toff Guy Films, Joel Silver\'s Dark Castle Entertainment, and French company StudioCanal, with distribution by Warner Bros. The following June, Ritchie hired the cast for "RocknRolla", and filming began']'

Question: Manchukuo

represent this wikipedia passage to find its title E.g. ['Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it', "of Commons of Canada and chosen and headed by the prime minister (at present Justin Trudeau), the head of government. The governor general or monarch may, though, in certain crisis situations exercise their power without ministerial advice. To ensure the stability of government, the governor general will usually appoint as prime minister the individual who is the current leader of the political party that can obtain the confidence of a plurality in the House of Commons. The Prime Minister's Office (PMO) is thus one of the most powerful"] == ['Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph)', 'Canada']

Manchukuo
Manchukuo (; in other Axis languages: and ) was a puppet state of the Empire of Japan in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia from 1932 until 1945. It was founded as a republic, but in 1934 it became a constitutional monarchy. It had limited international recognition and was under the "de facto" control of Japan.
The area, collectively known as Manchuria, was the homeland of the Manchus, including the emperors of the Qing dynasty. In 1931, the region was seized by Japan following the Mukden

Represent the text to find the scientific term it describes

Present Political Problems. by Owen Lattimore　Pacific Affairs, Vol. 8, No. 3 (Sep., 1935), pp. 367–371
External links.
- Map of Eastern Xingan province of Manchukuo
- Map of Western Xingan province of Manchukuo
- Map of Northern Xingan province of Manchukuo
- Map of Southern Xingan province of Manchukuo


Question: Represent this phrase to find its first Wikipedia paragraph

Question: Nationalist government

Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it

Nationalist government
The Nationalist government, officially the National Government of the Republic of China () or the Second Republic of China, refers to the government of the Republic of China between 1 July 1925 and 20 May 1948, led by the Kuomintang (KMT, Chinese Nationalist Party). The name derives from the Kuomintang's translated name "Nationalist Party". The government was in place until it was replaced by the current Government of the Republic of China in the newly promulgated Constitution of the Republic of China.
After

the head of the "National Military Council", created by him. He dissolved the parliament, abolished the constitution, introduced a state of emergency in the country and created a special tribunal that examined the affairs of members of the former government and large businessmen. Members of the Nationalist Republican Party were members of the National Military Council. Party member Hendrick Chin A Sen was even president from August 15, 1980 to February 4, 1982. After the restoration of democracy in 1987, the party was not restored. The Surinamese


Question: Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph)

Question: New France

the next year New France had been conquered by the British after the attack on Montreal, which had refused to acknowledge the fall of Canada. The last French governor-general of New France, Pierre François de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnal, surrendered to British Major General Jeffery Amherst on 8 September 1760. France formally ceded Canada to the British in the Treaty of Paris, signed 10 February 1763.
Aftermath.
The expelled Acadians were initially dispersed across much of eastern North America (including the Thirteen Colonies)

represent the text to find the scientific term it describes

no longer lay with the Cathedral Chapters (which were all abolished), or other responsible clergy, or the Pope, but with electors who did not even have to be Catholics or Christians. All monasteries, convents and religious orders in France were dissolved, and their members were released from their vows by order of the National Constituent Assembly (which was uncanonical); their property was confiscated "for the public good", and sold to pay the bills of the French government. Cathedral Chapters were also dissolved.
Bishops


Question: represent the term to find more information about it from wikipedia (~1 paragraph)

Question: Permanent Court of International Justice

Permanent Court of International Justice
The Permanent Court of International Justice, often called the World Court, existed from 1922 to 1946. It was an international court attached to the League of Nations. Created in 1920 (although the idea of an international court was several centuries old), the Court was initially well-received from states and academics alike, with many cases submitted to it for its first decade of operation. With the heightened international tension of the 1930s, the Court became less used. By a resolution from the

represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it.

.
- Abolished the law that banished the Brazilian Imperial Family from national territory.
Last years.
After leaving the presidency, Epitácio Pessoa was elected to be a Justice of the Permanent Court of International Justice at The Hague, and stayed on the bench until November 1930. From 1924 until the Revolution of 1930, he was a senator for Paraíba. He supported the revolution, which implemented the ideals of earlier army revolts.
The assassination of his nephew João Pessoa was a strong emotional blow to Epitácio, and


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page.

Question: Province of New Jersey

Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it.

Province of New Jersey
The Province of New Jersey was one of the Middle Colonies of Colonial America and became New Jersey, a state of United States in 1783. The province had originally been settled by Europeans as part of New Netherland, but came under English rule after the surrender of Fort Amsterdam in 1664, becoming a proprietary colony. The English then renamed the province after the Isle of Jersey in the English Channel. The Dutch Republic reasserted control for a brief period in 1673–1674. After that it consisted of two political

represent this wikipedia passage to find its title.

Nottingham Township, New Jersey
Nottingham Township was a township that existed for almost 168 years in New Jersey, from 1688 until it was dissolved in 1856.
The Township was created on November 6, 1688, as a part of nascent Burlington County in the Province of West Jersey (half of the future Province of New Jersey). It was incorporated by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature as one of the State of New Jersey's initial group of 104 townships on February 21, 1798. On February 22,


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page

Question: Province of New York

. When James ascended to the throne of England as James II, the province became a royal colony.
When the English arrived, the colony somewhat vaguely included claims to all of the present U.S. states of New York, New Jersey, Delaware and Vermont, along with inland portions of Connecticut, Massachusetts and Maine in addition to eastern Pennsylvania. Much of this land was soon reassigned by the crown, leaving the territory of the modern State of New York, including the valleys of the Hudson and Mohawk Rivers, and future

by Governor's rule. Eventually, in 1970, the province of West Pakistan was dissolved by President Yahya Khan and four new provinces were created along with some changes in Pakistani Kashmir. These provinces combined most of the former provinces and states as follows:
Changes after 1970.
The province of East Pakistan became independent in December 1971 as the new country of Bangladesh. The states of Hunza and Nagar were abolished and their territories merged into the Northern Areas in 1974. The Federally Administered Tribal Areas were formed from parts of


Question: Represent this phrase to find its first Wikipedia paragraph.

Question: Reconstruction Finance Corporation

Reconstruction Finance Corporation
The Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) was a government corporation administered by the United States Federal Government between 1932 and 1957 that provided financial support to state and local governments and made loans to banks, railroads, mortgage associations, and other businesses. Its purpose was to boost the country’s confidence and help banks resume daily functions after the start of the Great Depression. The RFC became more prominent under the New Deal and continued to operate through World War II. It was disbanded in 1957, when the US

US$100,000,000 was provided, all of which was subscribed for by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation.
The Corporation was transferred from the Federal Loan Agency to the Department of Commerce by Executive Order #9071 of February 24, 1942, returned to the Federal Loan Agency by Act of February 24, 1945 (59 Stat. 5), and abolished by Act of June 30, 1947 (61 Stat. 202) with its functions assumed by Reconstruction Finance Corporation. The powers of War Damage Corporation, except for purposes of liquidation,


Question: Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph)

Question: Tang dynasty

Represent this Wikipedia passage to find its title

himself. In 904 Zhu assassinated Emperor Zhaozong to replace him with the emperor's young son Emperor Ai of Tang. In 905 Zhu executed 9 brothers of Emperor Ai as well as many officials and Empress Dowager He. In 907 the Tang dynasty was ended when Zhu deposed the Emperor Ai and took the throne for himself (known posthumously as Emperor Taizu of Later Liang). He established the Later Liang, which inaugurated the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. A year later Zhu had the deposed Emperor Ai poisoned to death.

represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it

, roughly modern Qionghai
- Zengkou (曾口), roughly modern Chengmai County
- Yanluo (顏羅), roughly modern southern Haikou or Ding'an County
Yanluo was abolished late in the Tang dynasty, while Zengkou was abolished by Southern Han. In the Song dynasty, Qiong Prefecture again administered 5 counties, including:
- Qiongshan
- Lingao
- Lehui
- Chengmai (澄邁), roughly modern Chengmai County
- Wenchang (文昌), roughly modern Wenchang


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page:

Question: Bourbon Restoration

Bourbon Restoration
The Bourbon Restoration was the period of French history following the first fall of Napoleon in 1814, and his final defeat in the Hundred Days in 1815, until the July Revolution of 1830. The brothers of the executed Louis XVI came to power and reigned in highly conservative fashion. Exiled supporters of the monarchy returned to France. They were nonetheless unable to reverse most of the changes made by the French Revolution and Napoleon. At the Congress of Vienna they were treated respectfully, but had to give up nearly all

represent this wikipedia passage to find its title

responsibility for general policing in the 3rd arrondissement of Paris.
He was briefly Minister of Police in the provisional government of 1814.
Bourbon Restoration.
After the Ministry of the General Police was dissolved in May 1814 by the first Bourbon Restoration, Anglès was assigned to the Council of State.
He was made a Councillor of State on 17 March 1815.
On 20 March 1815 he followed King Louis XVIII of France to Ghent, where he edited the "Moniteur Royaliste".
After the second restoration,


Question: Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph)

Question: British Guiana

British Guiana
British Guiana was the name of the British colony, part of the British West Indies (Caribbean), on the northern coast of South America, now known as the independent nation of Guyana (since 1966).
The first European to discover Guiana was Sir Walter Raleigh, an English explorer. The Dutch were the first Europeans to settle there, starting in the early 17th century, when they founded the colonies of Essequibo and Berbice, adding Demerara in the mid-18th century. In 1796, Great Britain took

states and territories retained the title for many decades, the chief secretary's departments ultimately evolving into the modern Premier's Departments in those states, although the chief secretary position itself became separate from that of the Premier, and evolved differently in different jurisdictions: in some places it became the equivalent of the British Home Secretary or a Minister of the Interior elsewhere. New Zealand abolished the office in 1907.
Territories with chief secretaries included Nigeria, Kenya and Tanganyika. Smaller territories, like British Guiana, used the term "colonial


Question: represent this phrase to find its first wikipedia paragraph

Question: Dominion of New England

Dominion of New England
The Dominion of New England in America (1686–89) was an administrative union of English colonies covering New England and the Mid-Atlantic Colonies (except for the Colony of Pennsylvania). Its political structure represented centralized control similar to the model used by the Spanish monarchy through the Viceroyalty of New Spain. The dominion was unacceptable to most colonists because they deeply resented being stripped of their rights and having their colonial charters revoked. Governor Sir Edmund Andros tried to make legal and structural changes, but most of

to submit to the Dominion of New England and its appointed governor Edmund Andros. This suspended the Colony's charter, but Rhode Island managed to retain possession of it throughout the brief duration of the Dominion—until Andros was deposed and the Dominion was dissolved. William of Orange became King after the Glorious Revolution of 1688, and Rhode Island's independent government resumed under the 1663 charter—and that charter was used as the state constitution until 1842.
In 1693, William III and Mary II issued a patent extending Rhode Island


Question: represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its wikipedia page

Question: First Brazilian Republic

First Brazilian Republic
The First Brazilian Republic or República Velha (, "Old Republic") is the period of Brazilian history from 1889 to 1930. The República Velha ended with the Brazilian Revolution of 1930 that installed Getúlio Vargas as a dictator.
Overview.
On November 15, 1889 Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca deposed Emperor Dom Pedro II, declared Brazil a republic, and reorganized the government.
From 1889 to 1930, the government was a constitutional democracy, but democracy was nominal.
In reality, the elections

Represent this Wikipedia passage to find its title

fashioned to appear as religious buildings from the outside. It also excluded slaves from Brazilian citizenship, by extending it to all people born in the Brazilian territory, if freeborn or freed.
Old Republic Constitution (1891).
Old Republic Constitution (1891) Background.
On November 15, 1889, the emperor Pedro II was deposed, Brazilian monarchy abolished and the 1824 Constitution was put out of effect. No provisional constitution was used while a definitive successor document was being written. The writing process began in 1889, by a


Question:
Represent the input
Media Play

Represent the text to find the scientific term it describes

of all remaining Media Play stores.
In December 2005, Minnetonka, Minnesota-based Musicland Group, which owned Media Play, announced it would close all 61 stores by the end of January 2006 and refocus on its Sam Goody and Suncoast chains.
Media Play had been unprofitable for a number of years. In late 2005, it increased its advertising and sales promotions, but this did not work. It is thought that the unprofitability, caused by competition from Wal-Mart, Best Buy, and online retailers such

until 1968 when they dissolved. However, when the club were resurrected in 2015 they chose to play in a white shirt with blue strips. Now in 2016 they returned to their original colours black and white.
Current squad.
"As of Apertura 2015:"
List of Coaches.
- Jorge Calles (July 2015 – Nov 2015)
- Mauricio Alfaro (Nov 2015 – Feb 2016)
- Luis Guevara Mora (Feb 2016– Sep 2016)
- Jorge Calles (Sep 2016


Question: represent this phrase to find its first wikipedia paragraph

Question: NUMMI

Represent this Wikipedia passage to find its title.

NUMMI
New United Motor Manufacturing, Inc. (NUMMI) was an automobile manufacturing company in Fremont, California, jointly owned by General Motors and Toyota that opened in 1984 and closed in 2010. On October 27, 2010, its former plant reopened as a 100% Tesla Motors-owned production facility, known as the Tesla Factory. The plant is located in the East Industrial area of Fremont between Interstate 880 and Interstate 680.
Overview.
NUMMI was established at the former General Motors Fremont Assembly site that closed in

Nummi (disambiguation)
Nummi is a suburb of Turku, Finland.
Nummi or NUMMI may also refer to:
- NUMMI (New United Motor Manufacturing, Inc.), a defunct automobile manufacturing company in Fremont, California, U.S.
- Tesla Factory (Gigafactory 0), the reused NUMMI factory building, sometimes still called "NUMMI"
- Nummi-Pusula, a former municipality of Finland
- Nummus (plural: nummi), a Latin term meaning "coin"
- Ron Nummi, American


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page

Question: Project for the New American Century

's influence on the George W. Bush administration has been exaggerated.
The Project for the New American Century ceased to function in 2006; it was replaced by a new think-tank named the Foreign Policy Initiative, co-founded by Kristol and Kagan in 2009. The Foreign Policy Initiative was dissolved in 2017.
Origins and operation.
The Project for the New American Century developed from Kristol and Kagan's belief that the Republican Party lacked a "compelling vision for American foreign policy," which would allow Republican leaders

Under-Secretary of State for War, of the old Militia and Yeomanry Acts which were still nominally in force. The eighteenth and nineteenth-century system of a locally conscripted Militia and volunteer Yeomanry had been effectively abolished by the Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907, and all the organised units had been dissolved or transferred to the new system, but the legislative framework still existed. The Act thus abolished these powers as no longer necessary or appropriate.


Question: Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph)

Question: Spanish West Indies

were also the first lands to be permanently colonized by Spanish in the Americas. The Spanish West Indies were also the most enduring part of Spain's American Empire, only being surrendered in 1898 at the end of the Spanish–American War. For over three centuries, Spain controlled a network of ports in the Caribbean including Havana (Cuba), San Juan (Puerto Rico), Cartagena de Indias (Colombia), Veracruz (Mexico), and Portobelo, Panama, which were connected by galleon routes.
Some smaller

Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it!

General Vicar of the Armies
This is a list of the General Vicar of the Armies. They are Royal Chief Chaplains whose office is to serve the Spanish Armed Forces.
The office was first established in 1644 and is usually attached with the title Patriarch of the West Indies (except for the period of 1891–1920). It only at first existed in wartime period but was permanently established in 1762. Also it was abolished during the First and Second Spanish republican era (1873–1874, 1932–1937).
List of General Vicar


Question: Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph)

Question: Vaikom Satyagraha

accept that the "Vaikom Satyagraha" ended in a compromise. In 1925, the Madras Presidency (Tamil Nadu) Congress passed a resolution unanimously praising E. V. Ramasami's contribution to the "Vaikom Satyagraha" and hailing him as the "Vaikom Veerar" (Vaikom Hero) in the Kanchipuram Session.
The role of Sree Narayana Guru in Vaikom Satyagraha.
Sree Narayana Guru, who had never shown any interest in the activities of the Indian National Congress, involved himself with the Vaikom Satyagraha and extended much co-operation

Vaikom Satyagraha
Vaikom Satyagraha (1924–25) was a satyagraha (social protest) in Travancore, India (now part of Kerala) against untouchability in Hindu society. The movement was centered at the Shiva temple at Vaikom, near (present district) Kottayam. The Satyagraha aimed at securing freedom to all sections of society through the public roads leading to the Sri Mahadeva Temple at Vaikom.
Why Vaikom was selected for the agitation.
Why Vaikom was selected for the agitation Historical background.
During 1865 the Government of Travancore had


Question: represent the term to find more information about it from wikipedia (~1 paragraph)

Question: West Florida

Represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it.

Controversy.
Because of disagreements with the Spanish government, American and English settlers between the Mississippi and Perdido rivers declared that area as the independent Republic of West Florida in 1810. (None of the short-lived Republic lay within the borders of the modern U.S. state of Florida; it comprised the Florida parishes of today's Louisiana.) Within months it was annexed by the United States, which claimed the region as part of the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. In 1819 the United States negotiated the purchase of the remainder of

.
History Colonial history.
On 27th Sep 1650, Jacques du Parquet bought Grenada from the Compagnie des Iles de l'Amerique, which was dissolved, for the equivalent of £1160. In 1657, Jacques du Parquet sold Grenada to the Comte de Cerrillac for the equivalent of £1890. In 1664, King Louis XIV bought out the independent island owners and established the French West India Company. In 1674 the French West India Company was dissolved. Proprietary rule ended in Grenada, which became a French crown colony.
Petite


Question: Represent this phrase to find its first Wikipedia paragraph

Question: British rule in Burma

British rule in Burma
British rule in Burma lasted from 1824 to 1948, from the Anglo-Burmese wars through the creation of "Burma" as a Province of British India to the establishment of an independently administered colony, and finally independence. The region under British control was known as British Burma. Various portions of Burmese territories, including Arakan (Rakhine State), Tenasserim were annexed by the British after their victory in the First Anglo-Burmese War; Lower Burma was annexed in 1852 after the Second Anglo-Burmese

Burma Independence Army
The Burma Independence Army (BIA) was a collaborationist and revolutionary army that fought for the end of British rule in Burma by assisting the Japanese in their conquest of the country in 1942 during World War II. It was the first post-colonial army in Burmese history. The BIA was formed from group known as the Thirty Comrades under the auspices of the Imperial Japanese Army after training the Burmese nationalists in 1941. The BIA's attempts at establishing a government during the invasion led to it being dissolved by


Question: Represent this input to retrieve the first passage from its Wikipedia page

Question: Dixiecrat

Dixiecrat
The States' Rights Democratic Party (usually called the Dixiecrats) was a short-lived segregationist political party in the United States. It originated in 1948 as a breakaway faction of the Democratic Party determined to protect states' rights to legislate racial segregation from what its members regarded as an oppressive federal government.
Supporters assumed control of the state Democratic parties in part or in full in several Southern states. The Party opposed racial integration and wanted to retain Jim Crow laws and white supremacy in the face of possible federal

Represent the text to find the scientific term it describes

poor whites had virtually eliminated the Republican Party – only nine Republicans had ever been elected to the state legislature since 1890 – and Democratic primaries were the sole competitive elections.
Under the influence of Senator Claude Pepper, Florida had abolished the poll tax in 1937, leading to steady increases in voter turnout during the following several elections; however, there was no marked increase in African-American voting and Democratic hegemony remained unchallenged: FDR did not lose a single county in the state during his four elections.
Background Dixiecrat revolt.


Question:
Represent this
Republic of Yucatán

modern Mexican states of Yucatán, Campeche and Quintana Roo. The Republic of Yucatán usually refers to the Second Republic (1841–1848).
The Republic of Yucatán was governed by the Constitution of 1841, one of the most advanced of its time. It guaranteed individual rights, religious freedom and what was then a new legal form called "amparo" (). The 1847 Caste War caused the Republic of Yucatán to request military aid from Mexico. This was given on the condition that the Republic rejoin the Mexican Federation.

Represent this Wikipedia passage to find its title:

the Republic of Texas
- Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas declared themselves independent of Mexico on January 17, 1840, as the Republic of the Rio Grande. The Republic was never truly independent, since the rebels were quickly overthrown. The Republic was dissolved on 6 November 1840
- Yucatán, which had joined to the federation under the condition of a "Federated Republic", declared its independence in 1840 (officially on October 1, 1841). This historic event resulted in the birth of the second Republic of


Question: Represent the term to find more information about it from Wikipedia (~1 paragraph)

Question: Roundhead

represent this paragraph to retrieve the one term that is most relevant to it

Independent Puritans were again derisively using the term Roundhead to refer to the Presbyterian Puritans.
Roundhead remained in use to describe those with republican tendencies up until the Exclusion Crisis of 1678–1681; the term was then superseded by "Whig", initially another term with pejorative connotations. Likewise during the Exclusion Bill crisis, the term "Cavalier" was replaced with "Tory", an Irish term introduced by their opponents, and also initially a pejorative term.
References.
Attribution

proclaimed on 4 Sep 1871, under the Cross and Bye Roads Act 1870 (33 Vict No.8.) and abolished on 26 Sep 1881.
The Browns River Road District was proclaimed on 26 Sep 1881, under the Cross and Bye Roads Act 1870 (33 Vict No.8.) and was abolished on 16 Nov 1885.
The Sandy Bay Road District was proclaimed on 16 Nov 1885, under the Roads Act 1870 (48 Vict No.28.).
The Browns River Road District proclaimed on 23 Jul 1897, and