# Gustave Courbet
| Gustave Courbet |

|  | Grabom - Xanta ke tamava - Delt va Charles Baudelaire - Kolavasikya - Yona yikya domon ice Seine bost - Piksesik |

| Gustave Courbet |

|  | Grabom - Xanta ke tamava - Delt va Charles Baudelaire - Kolavasikya - Yona yikya domon ice Seine bost - Piksesik |

| Tuveli icde Lingeropa |

| Tuveli icde Arotieva |


Gustave Courbet
{{Teliz_toza}}
<center><big>'''Gustave Courbet ( 1819 - 1877 )'''</big></center> 

Gustave Courbet tir [[franca]]f lingesik isu balumasik.

Zolonaf lingesik (&nbsp;loa 1000 trutca&nbsp;), tir tan logijarotif is lobirtaf yambik ke 19<sup>-eafa</sup> decemda, kevcultimevaf is bilitas tove milsareikeem.

Olkevik kretus va redusa nuyuca, va yon amidapaf uum vestar.

Sokasanef libunik is tegisik ke '''Commune de Paris ke 1871''', radimi inafa lubera az lanzara, ko [[Swiza]] va int divblir lize di awalker.

=== Ronoksudana klita === 
Sanegafa liwomba : [https://kotava1837481.wordpress.com/2018/10/29/un-jeu-de-7-familles-en-kotava-5-liberte-egalite-resistance/ Gustave Courbet, yambik]

== Blirizva ==
'''Gustave Courbet''' koe to Ornans widavama tigisa idjon ice Franche-Comté winka ke [[Franca]] bak 1819 koblir. Tir taneanazbalik is tanafe nazbeye ke berikafa balema. Inafa yasa tir gotuskafa is igeltafa tuke pilkotafa gadakiewegapa ke gadikye.

Remi blirugal, Courbet va vaduluca tove intikeem vrutar. Va jontik delt ke sin al isker, dile vanmiae koredik ke buneksap. Milafa kralira va in gu vo zanudaso va zikexa koe jontika inafa trutca kagluyar. Bak blira, Courbet va yona lentefa patecta worar lize zo karolar, koe [[Paris]] irubar, ko Saintonge winka ok Normanda do Whistler amerikaf lingesik koyar, ok ko dere Montpellier ganenon gan Bruyas nik is fukorlasik, voxe ko Franche-Comté gola dun dimlapir.

Courbet to «&nbsp;loeke dirnuson va int is ton merosekiana giuca&nbsp;» va sporgafa yambafa klepa koaskir, bad balemoya nelkafa rekola.

=== Jotafa tanda (&nbsp;1833 - 1848&nbsp;) ===
Moni sanbalemda, Gustave Courbet gu lingeropa gan Baud gertik zo tugustar, i gan tavesik ke Ornans tiyis ravembik ke Gros. Koirubayase va Besançon mali 1837, yikye va tazukara dene godevrik ke David wanur.

[[Iyeltak:Gustave Courbet - Le Désespéré (1843).jpg|thumb|200px|left|''[[Piksesik (trutca ke Courbet)|Piksesik]]'']]
Courbet tir tolsandaf viele ko Paris ta vayara va rokopa artlapir. Voxe gu bana joya va int boreon danter kire va nobara va lingexo ke Steuben is Père Suisse abdialbar. Va dalik ke Louvre tcila dum Rembrandt is Hals is Rubens is [[Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio|Caravaggio]] is Tiziano ksudar. Ke ''espanafa ginsa'' va [[Diego Velázquez|Velázquez]] is Zurbaran kosmar. Courbet va Géricault is [[Eugène Delacroix|Delacroix]] dere mafelar, i va toloy pestakevaf dalik faveyes va brevizap ta lingera va zixa ke milsarefa izva.

Bak bata rekola, Courbet va int wan trasir. Konakviele va int viagon konakilar (&nbsp;''Le Désespéré'' – <small>[[Piksesik (trutca ke Courbet)|Piksesik]]</small>, 1841 ; ''Autoportrait au chien noir'' – <small>[[Mivdelt dem ebeltaf vakol (trutca ke Courbet)|Mivdelt dem ebeltaf vakol ]]</small> – 1842 ; ''Portrait de l'artiste dit L'Homme à la ceinture de cuir'' – <small>[[Yambik dem leltafa anamba (trutca ke Courbet)|Yambik dem leltafa anamba]]</small> – 1845&nbsp;).

Kaike turestara ke yon abdiugalaf dalik is pestakevik, va xialara va taneafa yordara va izva ke yamba tuke ilkafa is purafa lingeropa ixam ruyer.

=== Larde [[Lingeropafa geltreva|geltreva]] tickir (&nbsp;1848 - 1855&nbsp;) ===
[[Iyeltak:Gustave Courbet - A Burial at Ornans - Google Art Project 2.jpg|thumb|300px|right|''[[Kotawara koe Ornans (trutca ke Courbet)|Kotawara koe Ornans]]'']]
Kali 1848 Courbet dene Bontay al wonansar, aze retandon va mon sanoya trutca tere rotatoer. Katcalayanon do Champfleury malyopasik tunawer ise va sanegafa kagrupera banvielu belundar. Diretandon soka va ''[[Sielcek koe Ornans (trutca ke Courbet)|Sielcek koe Ornans]]'' (&nbsp;''Une après-dînée à Ornans''&nbsp;) puon luster. Toleekafa diema seotayana ba bana katecta va abdilaf malyeruk mu direfa staksera solnover, voxen verta ba 1857 zo betad.

Voxon icde aryon grabom, Courbet kev megildara glawer nume va bilita nekir. To tod bak 1849 icde ''[[Raporempasik (trutca ke Courbet)|Raporempasik]]'' ( ''Les Casseurs de pierre'', vilayan grabom&nbsp;) az ''[[Kotawara koe Ornans (trutca ke Courbet)|Kotawara koe Ornans]]'' (&nbsp;''Un Enterrement à Ornans''&nbsp;) bak Bontay ke 1850-1851. Bak batu toleafu acku ke XIX<sup>-eafa</sup> decemda, sedme cultimevafa prostewa, trutcapa ta izvafa ik alkafa ik vundafa ik purdafa watsa zo ickriled. Courbet lingeson va darsafa ik gubefa tamava kev trutcapa va bata agvava sulejer. Malyedar da milsarefa izva don tela ke saneik va man brevizap riwer. Ruyeson da ''Izvafa yamba benelon tir milsarefa'', Courbet va djumera va fabdura va izvafa lingeropa muxar. Xantaf vergumvelt ke ''Kotawara'' trutca batenide tir erbilokafa : ''Izvafa trutca va kotawara koe Ornans''.

[[Iyeltak:Gustave Courbet - The Studio of the Painter - WGA05465.jpg|thumb|300px|left|''[[Lingexo ke yambik (trutca ke Courbet)|Lingexo ke yambik]]'']]
Bak bana rekola, Courbet va kakevera gorukafa gu wana ke klepa askir. Alfred Bruyas (&nbsp;1821-1871&nbsp;) kulaf dotayesik xantaf gu Montpellier va ''[[Kolavasikya (trutca ke Courbet)|Kolavasikya]]'' (&nbsp;''Les Baigneuses''&nbsp;) luster. Banvielu bantan vanpir fukorlasikany va yambik batkane merupteckeson roblidas va dilintyon lingeks. Kagrupera va divefo vo dere malfir. Mali 1854 ta porasa wonara va Courbet, Berlin is Wien va sint mijed.

Pelava ke bata rekola tir kan ''[[Lingexo ke yambik (trutca ke Courbet)|Lingexo ke yambik]]'' (&nbsp;''L'Atelier du peintre'', 1854-1855&nbsp;), i kan trutca entisa exaksara lize Courbet va intyona yambafa is gaderopafa kiblara ruyer. Ostik Courbet va bat grabom lumkiraf gu mon 4 x 6 m- gu divrozas vergumvelt vas ''Geltrafa purdara gotusa va persandafa nesida ke jinafa yambafa is lidafa blira'' yoltar.

Malyeruk ke Bontay ke 1855 va loa sanoya stama naler voxe golde lum ke grabom va ''Lingexo'' vewar. Bata gorara plataer da Courbet va pilkafa wonara raston gu Tamefa Wonara di grustar, i va wonara koe kolna vegeduyuna oyakon gu dalint is yoltayana gu ''Trapova ke Geltreva''.

=== Akenafa tanda (&nbsp;1856 - 1870&nbsp;) ===
[[Iyeltak:Gustave Courbet 027.jpg|thumb|200px|right|''[[Yona yikya domon ice Seine bost (trutca ke Courbet)|Yona yikya domon ice Seine bost]]'']]
''[[Yona yikya domon ice Seine bost (trutca ke Courbet)|Yona yikya domon ice Seine bost]]'' (&nbsp;''Les Demoiselles des bords de la Seine''&nbsp;) trutca wonayana dene Bontay ke 1857 nover da Courbet va sagaf rijay dem albasik is rojusik muon tadler.

Courbet dene Bontay belon wonar, jafara orad. Inafa aultovesa warzera aname yona gedrafa watsa vonewer : tcabanesa nakila is patectoy is imwafa yalestaca. Voxen, ton elupkaf tegulasik, yambik va bilita gire vanimpar, nope ''Dimlakira kou laxa'' (&nbsp;''Retour de la conférence'', 1863, griawiyis grabom ape lusteyen az vilayan gan exukes milsareik&nbsp;), i nope trutca nedisa va konak grijaf gertik lutces moe tawadayafa vawa. Lingeks gan Bontay ke 1863 nope ''situndara va alkafa lidopa'' zo vewar. In va denfira va Vewanikaf Bontay dace mbi vewar.

[[Iyeltak:Origin-of-the-World.jpg|thumb|200px|left|''[[Xanta ke tamava (trutca ke Courbet)|Xanta ke tamava]]'']]
Diretandon to ''Vénus is Psyché'' (&nbsp;griawiyis grabom&nbsp;) div Bontay nope ''volwalnuca'' zo dimelagdar. Courbet to bak bata mila rekola va lopistoles grabom linger, i va ''[[Xanta ke tamava (trutca ke Courbet)|Xanta ke tamava]]'' (&nbsp;''L'Origine du Monde'', 1866&nbsp;) yasegafa jafara jontikedje grupetena gan saneg.

Bal Tamefa Wonara tigisa koe Paris bak 1867, Courbet va lerdoya trutca dene Bontay wonar. Bata kagrupera soe me tatcer da in va pilkafa wonara koe kolna vegeduyuna keve Alma viga miv gire grustar. Saneg va mon decem-balem-sanoy inaf grabom koeon romafelar.

Bak idulugal ke 1869, Courbet koe Etretat jonvieler. Va ''[[Runta (trutca ke Courbet)|Runta]]'' (&nbsp;''La Vague''&nbsp;) trutca isu ''[[Kiria koe Étretat moi xeftoara (trutca ke Courbet)|Kiria koe Étretat moi xeftoara]]'' (&nbsp;''La Falaise d'Étretat après l'orage''&nbsp;) tulon skur. Ba Bontay ke 1870 bata toloya trutca kalsiskeson zo emuded. Sposuca ke Courbet banvielu tir exoneckeyena.

=== Courbet is ''Commune'' lizor (&nbsp;1870 - 1871&nbsp;) ===
Ba akeoyera ke Toleaf Gindugal, Courbet gu taneagadesik ke Yambikafa Galda zo libur. Edje Paris gan preussenafa ervolia zo deblamer isen jontiktan va kelu ilvulted, pune Courbet koeon zavzagir. Va bifeem ke 1848 dulapeson al suzdayar, ise va veygadikye tiyise artowasik bak 1789 re ape trakodur.

Bak toleaksat ke 1871 inafa viltera gruyewer : gu kokafa libura va int mekiewatcon atoer. Bak balemeaksat, koskusa tujda ke ''Commune de Paris'' vajger enide in va parisaf tcileem gire di fenkur ise va Bontay di grustar.

Libuyun gu Pirdot ke Commune, Gustave Courbet soe me tir vedeyaf susik nume va doaliera me paker. Sopeyen gan sayakik ke Versailles bowere ba 7 ke teveaksat, lingesik bak pereaksat gu flint tori tevoy aksat is gu zersa vas 500 talolk is dodera va jizopaf oyak ika 6850 talolk zo lanzar. Restali tir koxackafi kapbure gakera vas xonukera ok rezgalera rewana pu aryon bewik ke Commune de Paris... voxen batcoba anton tir toza ke malyerotafe arge.

=== Duxarugal (&nbsp;1871 - 1877&nbsp;) ===
Ba 16/05/1871 grivegedura va Vendôme brija renzayana gan Napoléon I, gan Commune ba 12 ke balemeaksat ke 1871 zo klapayar, i va vanpiyisa leca ke Taneaf Gindugal azu Toleaf. Trabe ba balemka abdi libura va Courbet. Voxen yambik bak pereaksat ke 1870 meproyon al favigeyayar kane pu bowere eruyur da gu tioltera va brija zo di morictar.

Bak 1873 nope ar jiz, Courbet wetce blodik zo malyer. Gu dimdodera va oyak ta malvegedura va brija ika 323091 ''franc'' talolk zo lanzar. Courbet va tufakipi drasur aze ko irubara va [[Swiza]] mallapir kire va warzafa koflintara kivar.

Bak divblira, soka va inaf kiewegeem konarir ise va nikeem is yasa eninter. Gaderopafa mebogruca ke taneaf tandeem ke [[Bareafe Sokasane]] tir mekuvafa gu savsaf bewik ke ''Commune de Paris''. Courbet va dimlapira ko Franca abdi mwa vas jadifa emnagara vewar.

Nekev rubafa emudera vedgobena koe Swiza, Courbet darpe divblira flaydur. Ko ruyat va int drasur, va grabom bagaliaf gu intaf butc mea warzer. Erbarge is gostana diotexa va in loloon dustuled. Ba 31/12/1877 koe Tour-de-Peilz awalker.

=== Porfeuca ===
«&nbsp;Va izga mom nolda, ~&nbsp;Courbet pu jin kalir,&nbsp;~ maneka ina tir faltafa... Askisik va nolda koe mawa to batcoba me gruped.&nbsp;» Bat katcalaks ke lingesik, munesteyen gan Castagnary, i plataeracka va lingeropa icde fum, va joya ta litevafa aneyara icde ksevakirafa izga fenkur.

Inafa patectoyafa trutca va [[Paul Cézanne|Cézanne]] tumafelasasid : «&nbsp;Inafa vanburerapa, ~&nbsp;in icde Courbet ruyer,&nbsp;~ tir to nyabafa koplekura va tuwava is dakela ke abdafa toa is tijkirafa dzeta ke aala gu lingeropa ke XIX<sup>-eafa</sup> decemda [...]. Isen va nolda, in dum mek artan va nolda al linger&nbsp;!» Bak 1860<sup>-e</sup> sanda, Cézanne va larfi vey ckane ke Courbet zanudar. Va yona orikafa uka is vaf zom pu in dere narar.

[[Édouard Manet]] (&nbsp;1832 - 1883&nbsp;) va intafa boza tove Courbet me palser. Dum bantan, va bilita is karfa vanimpar. ''Estura moe werd'' trutca (&nbsp;''Déjeuner sur l'herbe''&nbsp;) gan Bontay ke 1863 zo vewar aze bal Vewanikaf Bontay zo pitcer. ''Olympia'', pistolesa ''tresenikya dem blafotaf jivot'' ke Bontay ke 1865 va plabuca ke saneg titickar. Golde kuranira va tunuyara gu cultimaf vexeem, Manet va kelda conyukayana gan Courbet dakir.

[[James McNeill Whistler]] (&nbsp;1834 - 1903&nbsp;), tavembik ke Courbet, va notafa paskalera doon voner. Joana Hiffernan, okon ''Jo eireya, fertik ke battel, ostik tir abdiyena tezikya ke ''Xanta ke tamava'' (&nbsp;''L'Origine du monde'', 1866&nbsp;).

Koe ''Estura moe werd'' trutca (&nbsp;''Déjeuner sur l'herbe'', 1866&nbsp;), [[Claude Monet]] (&nbsp;1840 - 1926&nbsp;) va tcistikye dem kolmeem divrozas va tel ke Courbet konakilar. Bantan va in ostik worayar, i va jotaf yambik tenukes va lingeks koe dilintafo lingexo pakano do [[Frédéric Bazille]].

[[Carolus Durand]] (&nbsp;1837 - 1917&nbsp;) gan Courbet titi 1860<sup>-e</sup> sanda zo turestar. Milugale [[Henri Fantin-Latour]] (&nbsp;1836 - 1904&nbsp;) va Gustave Courbet kakever aze koe inafo sedielafo lingexo kobar.

[[Auguste Renoir|Renoir]] (&nbsp;1841 - 1919&nbsp;) turestanon gan Courbet dere bokawer aze adre tunuyalawer. Lebaca ke Courbet va in jontikedje tcalad.

== Dere rupec ==
{{GKT|[[Trutceem ke Courbet]]}}

== Stragela ==
<div style="height: 200px; overflow:auto; border: 1px solid gray; padding-right: 12px; background-color: #F8F8FF; ">
{{CourbetStragela1}}
</div>
{{Teliz_toleaf_briz}}
{{Lingesik
| yolt = Gustave Courbet
| ewava = Gustave Courbet.jpg
| pebuda = Gustave Courbet
| koblira = 10/06/1819
| koblixo = Ornans, [[Franca]]
| awalkera = 31/12/1877
| awalkexo = La Tour-de-Peilz, [[Swiza]]
| vedeyot = [[Franca]]
| eba = [[Lingeropa]]
| serna = [[Lingeropafa geltreva|Geltreva]]
| grabom = <br>
* ''[[Xanta ke tamava (trutca ke Courbet)|Xanta ke tamava]]''
* ''[[Delt va Charles Baudelaire (trutca ke Courbet)|Delt va Charles Baudelaire]]''
* ''[[Kolavasikya (trutca ke Courbet)|Kolavasikya]]''
* ''[[Yona yikya domon ice Seine bost (trutca ke Courbet)|Yona yikya domon ice Seine bost]]''
* ''[[Piksesik (trutca ke Courbet)|Piksesik]]''
}}
{{Tuveli:Lingeropa teliz|}}{{Tuveli:Arotieva teliz|}}
[[Iyeltak:Gustave Courbet - The Bathers.jpg|thumb|240px|right|{{EwavaPebuda1|''[[Kolavasikya (trutca ke Courbet)|Kolavasikya]]''}}]]

[[Iyeltak:Retour_de_la_Conférence_by_Courbet,_watercolor,_1862.png|thumb|240px|right|{{EwavaPebuda1|''Dimlakira kou laxa'', egasa lavapunta ke 1862}}]]
{{Teliz_tena}}
[[Loma:Francaf izvik|Courbet(Gustave)]]
[[Loma:Yambik|Courbet(Gustave)]]
[[Loma:Francaf lingesik|Courbet(Gustave)]]
[[Loma:Lingeropa|Courbet(Gustave)]]
{{#invoke:Interwiki|interwiki|qid=Q34618}}
[{"title": "| Gustave Courbet |", "data": {"Koblira": "10/06/1819, \u00b7 Ornans, Franca", "Awalkera": "31/12/1877, \u00b7 La Tour-de-Peilz, Swiza", "Vedeyot": "Franca", "Eba": "Lingeropa", "Serna": "Geltreva"}}]