### Godot version

v4.0.rc.custom_build [b12bf7ff0]

### System information

Ubuntu 23.04 (Lunar Lobster)

### Issue description

In a spatial shader: calling textureSize with a texture with hint_screen_texture or hint_depth_texture causes a long list of errors in the terminal, hangs the editor for a minute and fails to run the shader. Shaders using textureSize built fine two weeks ago.



### Steps to reproduce

Open sample project. Errors should be printed to console right away.

[terminal_output.txt](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/10700615/terminal_output.txt)




### Minimal reproduction project

[textureSize.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/10700628/textureSize.zip)

Shader for MeshInstance3D with a plane mesh:

```
shader_type spatial;

uniform sampler2D SCREEN_TEXTURE : hint_screen_texture, filter_linear_mipmap;

void fragment() {
    textureSize(SCREEN_TEXTURE, 0);  // <- culprit
    ALBEDO = vec3(1, 0, 0);
}
```
}
				struct_code += "}";
				struct_code += ";\n";
				for (int j = 0; j < STAGE_MAX; j++) {
					r_gen_code.stage_globals[j] += struct_code;
				}
			}
			int max_texture_uniforms = 0;
			int max_uniforms = 0;
			for (const KeyValue<StringName, SL::ShaderNode::Uniform> &E : pnode->uniforms) {
				if (SL::is_sampler_type(E.value.type)) {
					if (E.value.hint == SL::ShaderNode::Uniform::HINT_SCREEN_TEXTURE ||
							E.value.hint == SL::ShaderNode::Uniform::HINT_NORMAL_ROUGHNESS_TEXTURE ||
							E.value.hint == SL::ShaderNode::Uniform::HINT_DEPTH_TEXTURE) {
						continue; 
					}
					max_texture_uniforms++;
				} else {
					if (E.value.scope == SL::ShaderNode::Uniform::SCOPE_INSTANCE) {
						continue; 
					}
					max_uniforms++;
				}
			}
			r_gen_code.texture_uniforms.resize(max_texture_uniforms);
			Vector<int> uniform_sizes;
			Vector<int> uniform_alignments;
			Vector<StringName> uniform_defines;
			uniform_sizes.resize(max_uniforms);
			uniform_alignments.resize(max_uniforms);