### Godot version

v4.0.beta.custom_build [291add339]

### System information

Windows 10, Forward+, NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050 Ti (31.0.15.1694)

### Issue description

I was testing if #69669 was solved by #70418, which it seemed to be. However, I got a wall of errors at the same time.

In the minimal reproduction project below in this Issue, I get errors when instantiating many of the same `GPUParticle2D` scene. In my earlier Godot 4 build (v4.0.beta.custom_build [2a04b18d3]) I did not get any errors (but got the occasional artifact as was my original issue in #69669).

I suspect the PR #70418 solved the artifact, but possibly introduced new bugs. However, I have not specifically built Godot with, and without the PR in question.

I believe this is the start and end of the errors - after which they repeat.
![wall_of_errors](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/10490534/209046500-9813150c-d6e4-4a11-8e62-79d370d07009.png)

### Steps to reproduce

- Create a GPUParticle2D scene
- Instantiate the scene several times
- Observe the debugger get flooded with errors

### Minimal reproduction project

This project only instantiates default GPUParticle2D scenes with a default particle material.
[GPU_Particle_Creation_Bug.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/10283416/GPU_Particle_Creation_Bug.zip)

bool render_cubemap = false;
	bool finalize_cubemap = false;
	bool flip_y = false;
	Projection light_projection;
	Transform3D light_transform;
	if (light_storage->light_get_type(base) == RS::LIGHT_DIRECTIONAL) {
		
		uint64_t last_scene_shadow_pass = light_storage->light_instance_get_shadow_pass(p_light);
		if (last_scene_shadow_pass != get_scene_pass()) {
			light_storage->light_instance_set_directional_rect(p_light, light_storage->get_directional_shadow_rect());
			light_storage->directional_shadow_increase_current_light();
			light_storage->light_instance_set_shadow_pass(p_light, get_scene_pass());
		}
		use_pancake = light_storage->light_get_param(base, RS::LIGHT_PARAM_SHADOW_PANCAKE_SIZE) > 0;
		light_projection = light_storage->light_instance_get_shadow_camera(p_light, p_pass);
		light_transform = light_storage->light_instance_get_shadow_transform(p_light, p_pass);
		atlas_rect = light_storage->light_instance_get_directional_rect(p_light);
		if (light_storage->light_directional_get_shadow_mode(base) == RS::LIGHT_DIRECTIONAL_SHADOW_PARALLEL_4_SPLITS) {
			atlas_rect.size.width /= 2;
			atlas_rect.size.height /= 2;
			if (p_pass == 1) {
				atlas_rect.position.x += atlas_rect.size.width;
			} else if (p_pass == 2) {
				atlas_rect.position.y += atlas_rect.size.height;
			} else if (p_pass == 3) {
				atlas_rect.position += atlas_rect.size;
			}
		} else if (light_storage->light_directional_get_shadow_mode(base) == RS::LIGHT_DIRECTIONAL_SHADOW_PARALLEL_2_SPLITS) {
			atlas_rect.size.height /= 2;
			if (p_pass == 0) {