### Godot version

v4.0.beta.custom_build [291add339]

### System information

Windows 10, Forward+, NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050 Ti (31.0.15.1694)

### Issue description

I was testing if #69669 was solved by #70418, which it seemed to be. However, I got a wall of errors at the same time.

In the minimal reproduction project below in this Issue, I get errors when instantiating many of the same `GPUParticle2D` scene. In my earlier Godot 4 build (v4.0.beta.custom_build [2a04b18d3]) I did not get any errors (but got the occasional artifact as was my original issue in #69669).

I suspect the PR #70418 solved the artifact, but possibly introduced new bugs. However, I have not specifically built Godot with, and without the PR in question.

I believe this is the start and end of the errors - after which they repeat.
![wall_of_errors](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/10490534/209046500-9813150c-d6e4-4a11-8e62-79d370d07009.png)

### Steps to reproduce

- Create a GPUParticle2D scene
- Instantiate the scene several times
- Observe the debugger get flooded with errors

### Minimal reproduction project

This project only instantiates default GPUParticle2D scenes with a default particle material.
[GPU_Particle_Creation_Bug.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/10283416/GPU_Particle_Creation_Bug.zip)

RD::Uniform u;
		u.uniform_type = RD::UNIFORM_TYPE_IMAGE;
		u.binding = 11;
		u.append_id(p_emission_texture);
		uniforms.push_back(u);
	}
	{
		RD::Uniform u;
		u.uniform_type = RD::UNIFORM_TYPE_IMAGE;
		u.binding = 12;
		u.append_id(p_emission_aniso_texture);
		uniforms.push_back(u);
	}
	{
		RD::Uniform u;
		u.uniform_type = RD::UNIFORM_TYPE_IMAGE;
		u.binding = 13;
		u.append_id(p_geom_facing_texture);
		uniforms.push_back(u);
	}
	return UniformSetCacheRD::get_singleton()->get_cache_vec(scene_shader.default_shader_sdfgi_rd, RENDER_PASS_UNIFORM_SET, uniforms);
}
RID RenderForwardClustered::_render_buffers_get_normal_texture(Ref<RenderSceneBuffersRD> p_render_buffers) {
	Ref<RenderBufferDataForwardClustered> rb_data = p_render_buffers->get_custom_data(RB_SCOPE_FORWARD_CLUSTERED);
	return p_render_buffers->get_msaa_3d() == RS::VIEWPORT_MSAA_DISABLED ? rb_data->get_normal_roughness() : rb_data->get_normal_roughness_msaa();
}
RID RenderForwardClustered::_render_buffers_get_velocity_texture(Ref<RenderSceneBuffersRD> p_render_buffers) {
	return p_render_buffers->get_velocity_buffer(p_render_buffers->get_msaa_3d() != RS::VIEWPORT_MSAA_DISABLED);
}
void RenderForwardClustered::environment_set_ssao_quality(RS::EnvironmentSSAOQuality p_quality, bool p_half_size, float p_adaptive_target, int p_blur_passes, float p_fadeout_from, float p_fadeout_to) {