### Godot version

v4.0.beta.custom_build [291add339]

### System information

Windows 10, Forward+, NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050 Ti (31.0.15.1694)

### Issue description

I was testing if #69669 was solved by #70418, which it seemed to be. However, I got a wall of errors at the same time.

In the minimal reproduction project below in this Issue, I get errors when instantiating many of the same `GPUParticle2D` scene. In my earlier Godot 4 build (v4.0.beta.custom_build [2a04b18d3]) I did not get any errors (but got the occasional artifact as was my original issue in #69669).

I suspect the PR #70418 solved the artifact, but possibly introduced new bugs. However, I have not specifically built Godot with, and without the PR in question.

I believe this is the start and end of the errors - after which they repeat.
![wall_of_errors](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/10490534/209046500-9813150c-d6e4-4a11-8e62-79d370d07009.png)

### Steps to reproduce

- Create a GPUParticle2D scene
- Instantiate the scene several times
- Observe the debugger get flooded with errors

### Minimal reproduction project

This project only instantiates default GPUParticle2D scenes with a default particle material.
[GPU_Particle_Creation_Bug.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/10283416/GPU_Particle_Creation_Bug.zip)

RS::InstanceType type = RSG::utilities->get_base_type(p_base);
	ERR_FAIL_COND_V(!((1 << type) & RS::INSTANCE_GEOMETRY_MASK), nullptr);
	GeometryInstanceForwardClustered *ginstance = geometry_instance_alloc.alloc();
	ginstance->data = memnew(GeometryInstanceForwardClustered::Data);
	ginstance->data->base = p_base;
	ginstance->data->base_type = type;
	ginstance->data->dependency_tracker.userdata = ginstance;
	ginstance->data->dependency_tracker.changed_callback = _geometry_instance_dependency_changed;
	ginstance->data->dependency_tracker.deleted_callback = _geometry_instance_dependency_deleted;
	ginstance->_mark_dirty();
	return ginstance;
}
void RenderForwardClustered::GeometryInstanceForwardClustered::set_transform(const Transform3D &p_transform, const AABB &p_aabb, const AABB &p_transformed_aabbb) {
	uint64_t frame = RSG::rasterizer->get_frame_number();
	if (frame != prev_transform_change_frame) {
		prev_transform = transform;
		prev_transform_change_frame = frame;
		prev_transform_dirty = true;
	}
	RenderGeometryInstanceBase::set_transform(p_transform, p_aabb, p_transformed_aabbb);
}
void RenderForwardClustered::GeometryInstanceForwardClustered::set_use_lightmap(RID p_lightmap_instance, const Rect2 &p_lightmap_uv_scale, int p_lightmap_slice_index) {
	lightmap_instance = p_lightmap_instance;
	lightmap_uv_scale = p_lightmap_uv_scale;
	lightmap_slice_index = p_lightmap_slice_index;
	_mark_dirty();
}
void RenderForwardClustered::GeometryInstanceForwardClustered::set_lightmap_capture(const Color *p_sh9) {