### Godot version

v4.0.rc.custom_build [b12bf7ff0]

### System information

Ubuntu 23.04 (Lunar Lobster)

### Issue description

In a spatial shader: calling textureSize with a texture with hint_screen_texture or hint_depth_texture causes a long list of errors in the terminal, hangs the editor for a minute and fails to run the shader. Shaders using textureSize built fine two weeks ago.



### Steps to reproduce

Open sample project. Errors should be printed to console right away.

[terminal_output.txt](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/10700615/terminal_output.txt)




### Minimal reproduction project

[textureSize.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/10700628/textureSize.zip)

Shader for MeshInstance3D with a plane mesh:

```
shader_type spatial;

uniform sampler2D SCREEN_TEXTURE : hint_screen_texture, filter_linear_mipmap;

void fragment() {
    textureSize(SCREEN_TEXTURE, 0);  // <- culprit
    ALBEDO = vec3(1, 0, 0);
}
```
bool use_fragment_varying = false;
			if (!vnode->is_local && !(p_actions.entry_point_stages.has(current_func_name) && p_actions.entry_point_stages[current_func_name] == STAGE_VERTEX)) {
				if (p_assigning) {
					if (shader->varyings.has(vnode->name)) {
						use_fragment_varying = true;
					}
				} else {
					if (fragment_varyings.has(vnode->name)) {
						use_fragment_varying = true;
					}
				}
			}
			if (p_assigning && p_actions.write_flag_pointers.has(vnode->name)) {
				*p_actions.write_flag_pointers[vnode->name] = true;
			}
			if (p_default_actions.usage_defines.has(vnode->name) && !used_name_defines.has(vnode->name)) {
				String define = p_default_actions.usage_defines[vnode->name];
				if (define.begins_with("@")) {
					define = p_default_actions.usage_defines[define.substr(1, define.length())];
				}
				r_gen_code.defines.push_back(define);
				used_name_defines.insert(vnode->name);
			}
			if (p_actions.usage_flag_pointers.has(vnode->name) && !used_flag_pointers.has(vnode->name)) {
				*p_actions.usage_flag_pointers[vnode->name] = true;
				used_flag_pointers.insert(vnode->name);
			}
			if (p_default_actions.renames.has(vnode->name)) {
				code = p_default_actions.renames[vnode->name];
			} else {