### Godot version

v4.0.rc.custom_build [b12bf7ff0]

### System information

Ubuntu 23.04 (Lunar Lobster)

### Issue description

In a spatial shader: calling textureSize with a texture with hint_screen_texture or hint_depth_texture causes a long list of errors in the terminal, hangs the editor for a minute and fails to run the shader. Shaders using textureSize built fine two weeks ago.



### Steps to reproduce

Open sample project. Errors should be printed to console right away.

[terminal_output.txt](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/10700615/terminal_output.txt)




### Minimal reproduction project

[textureSize.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/10700628/textureSize.zip)

Shader for MeshInstance3D with a plane mesh:

```
shader_type spatial;

uniform sampler2D SCREEN_TEXTURE : hint_screen_texture, filter_linear_mipmap;

void fragment() {
    textureSize(SCREEN_TEXTURE, 0);  // <- culprit
    ALBEDO = vec3(1, 0, 0);
}
```
}
				gcode += " " + _mkid(String(cnode.name));
				if (cnode.array_size > 0) {
					gcode += "[";
					gcode += itos(cnode.array_size);
					gcode += "]";
				}
				gcode += "=";
				gcode += _dump_node_code(cnode.initializer, p_level, r_gen_code, p_actions, p_default_actions, p_assigning);
				gcode += ";\n";
				for (int j = 0; j < STAGE_MAX; j++) {
					r_gen_code.stage_globals[j] += gcode;
				}
			}
			HashMap<StringName, String> function_code;
			
			for (int i = 0; i < pnode->functions.size(); i++) {
				SL::FunctionNode *fnode = pnode->functions[i].function;
				function = fnode;
				current_func_name = fnode->name;
				function_code[fnode->name] = _dump_node_code(fnode->body, p_level + 1, r_gen_code, p_actions, p_default_actions, p_assigning);
				function = nullptr;
			}
			
			HashSet<StringName> added_funcs_per_stage[STAGE_MAX];
			for (int i = 0; i < pnode->functions.size(); i++) {
				SL::FunctionNode *fnode = pnode->functions[i].function;
				function = fnode;
				current_func_name = fnode->name;
				if (p_actions.entry_point_stages.has(fnode->name)) {