### Godot version

v4.0.beta.custom_build [291add339]

### System information

Windows 10, Forward+, NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050 Ti (31.0.15.1694)

### Issue description

I was testing if #69669 was solved by #70418, which it seemed to be. However, I got a wall of errors at the same time.

In the minimal reproduction project below in this Issue, I get errors when instantiating many of the same `GPUParticle2D` scene. In my earlier Godot 4 build (v4.0.beta.custom_build [2a04b18d3]) I did not get any errors (but got the occasional artifact as was my original issue in #69669).

I suspect the PR #70418 solved the artifact, but possibly introduced new bugs. However, I have not specifically built Godot with, and without the PR in question.

I believe this is the start and end of the errors - after which they repeat.
![wall_of_errors](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/10490534/209046500-9813150c-d6e4-4a11-8e62-79d370d07009.png)

### Steps to reproduce

- Create a GPUParticle2D scene
- Instantiate the scene several times
- Observe the debugger get flooded with errors

### Minimal reproduction project

This project only instantiates default GPUParticle2D scenes with a default particle material.
[GPU_Particle_Creation_Bug.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/10283416/GPU_Particle_Creation_Bug.zip)

#ifndef PARTICLES_STORAGE_RD_H
#define PARTICLES_STORAGE_RD_H
#include "core/templates/local_vector.h"
#include "core/templates/rid_owner.h"
#include "core/templates/self_list.h"
#include "servers/rendering/renderer_rd/shaders/particles.glsl.gen.h"
#include "servers/rendering/renderer_rd/shaders/particles_copy.glsl.gen.h"
#include "servers/rendering/renderer_rd/storage_rd/material_storage.h"
#include "servers/rendering/shader_compiler.h"
#include "servers/rendering/storage/particles_storage.h"
#include "servers/rendering/storage/utilities.h"
namespace RendererRD {
class ParticlesStorage : public RendererParticlesStorage {
private:
	static ParticlesStorage *singleton;
	
	struct ParticleData {
		float xform[16];
		float velocity[3];
		uint32_t active;
		float color[4];
		float custom[4];
	};
	struct ParticlesFrameParams {
		enum {