### Summary

This is the successor of #75262 as I am not able to comment there anymore.

How is the state of the annoing bug? It is still not fixed and prevents all plays to run!

### Issue Type

Bug Report

### Component Name

lib/ansible/modules/apt.py

### Ansible Version

```console
$ ansible --version
> ansible --version
ERROR: Ansible requires the locale encoding to be UTF-8; Detected ISO8859-1.
ikki: ?1 !1021
> LC_ALL=C.UTF-8 ansible --version
ansible [core 2.14.0]
  config file = /home/klaus/.ansible.cfg
  configured module search path = ['/home/klaus/.ansible/plugins/modules', '/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
  ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/ansible
  ansible collection location = /home/klaus/.ansible/collections:/usr/share/ansible/collections
  executable location = /usr/bin/ansible
  python version = 3.10.8 (main, Nov  4 2022, 09:21:25) [GCC 12.2.0] (/usr/bin/python3)
  jinja version = 3.0.3
  libyaml = True
```


### Configuration

```console
# if using a version older than ansible-core 2.12 you should omit the '-t all'
$ ansible-config dump --only-changed -t all
> ansible-config dump --only-changed -t all
ERROR: Ansible requires the locale encoding to be UTF-8; Detected ISO8859-1.
```


### OS / Environment

Devuan

### Steps to Reproduce

<!--- Paste example playbooks or commands between quotes below -->
```yaml (paste below)
- name: I need patch here
  package:
    name: patch
    state: present 

```


### Expected Results

It works

### Actual Results

```console
TASK [debianfix : I need patch here] ***************************************************************************
fatal: [chil]: FAILED! => {"changed": false, "msg": "<class 'apt_pkg.Cache'> returned a result with an exception set"}
```


### Code of Conduct

- [ ] I agree to follow the Ansible Code of Conduct
# Ca
            #  n
            updated_cache = False
            if p['update_cache'] or p['cache_valid_time']:
                now = datetime.datetime.now()
                tdelta = datetime.timedelta(seconds=p['cache_valid_time'])
                if not mtimestamp + tdelta >= now:
                    # Re
                    err = ''
                    update_cache_retries = module.params.get('update_cache_retries')
                    update_cache_retry_max_delay = module.params.get('update_cache_retry_max_delay')
                    randomize = random.randint(0, 1000) / 1000.0
                    for retry in range(update_cache_retries):
                        try:
                            if not module.check_mode:
                                cache.update()
                            break
                        except apt.cache.FetchFailedException as e:
                            err = to_native(e)
                        # Us
                        delay = 2 ** retry + randomize
                        if delay > update_cache_retry_max_delay:
                            delay = update_cache_retry_max_delay + randomize
                        time.sleep(delay)
                    else:
                        module.fail_json(msg='Failed to update apt cache: %s' % (err if err else 'unknown reason'))
                    cache.open(progress=None)
                    mtimestamp, post_cache_update_time = get_updated_cache_time()
                    if module.check_mode or updated_cache_time != post_cache_update_time:
                        updated_cache = True