### Godot version

v4.0.beta.custom_build [291add339]

### System information

Windows 10, Forward+, NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050 Ti (31.0.15.1694)

### Issue description

I was testing if #69669 was solved by #70418, which it seemed to be. However, I got a wall of errors at the same time.

In the minimal reproduction project below in this Issue, I get errors when instantiating many of the same `GPUParticle2D` scene. In my earlier Godot 4 build (v4.0.beta.custom_build [2a04b18d3]) I did not get any errors (but got the occasional artifact as was my original issue in #69669).

I suspect the PR #70418 solved the artifact, but possibly introduced new bugs. However, I have not specifically built Godot with, and without the PR in question.

I believe this is the start and end of the errors - after which they repeat.
![wall_of_errors](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/10490534/209046500-9813150c-d6e4-4a11-8e62-79d370d07009.png)

### Steps to reproduce

- Create a GPUParticle2D scene
- Instantiate the scene several times
- Observe the debugger get flooded with errors

### Minimal reproduction project

This project only instantiates default GPUParticle2D scenes with a default particle material.
[GPU_Particle_Creation_Bug.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/10283416/GPU_Particle_Creation_Bug.zip)

free_parameters_uniform_set(uniform_set);
}
RendererRD::MaterialStorage::MaterialData *RendererCanvasRenderRD::_create_material_func(CanvasShaderData *p_shader) {
	CanvasMaterialData *material_data = memnew(CanvasMaterialData);
	material_data->shader_data = p_shader;
	
	return material_data;
}
void RendererCanvasRenderRD::set_time(double p_time) {
	state.time = p_time;
}
void RendererCanvasRenderRD::update() {
}
RendererCanvasRenderRD::RendererCanvasRenderRD() {
	RendererRD::TextureStorage *texture_storage = RendererRD::TextureStorage::get_singleton();
	RendererRD::MaterialStorage *material_storage = RendererRD::MaterialStorage::get_singleton();
	{ 
		default_samplers.default_filter = RS::CANVAS_ITEM_TEXTURE_FILTER_LINEAR;
		default_samplers.default_repeat = RS::CANVAS_ITEM_TEXTURE_REPEAT_DISABLED;
	}
	{ 
		String global_defines;
		uint64_t uniform_max_size = RD::get_singleton()->limit_get(RD::LIMIT_MAX_UNIFORM_BUFFER_SIZE);
		if (uniform_max_size < 65536) {
			
			state.max_lights_per_render = 64;
			global_defines += "#define MAX_LIGHTS 64\n";
		} else {
			state.max_lights_per_render = DEFAULT_MAX_LIGHTS_PER_RENDER;
			global_defines += "#define MAX_LIGHTS " + itos(DEFAULT_MAX_LIGHTS_PER_RENDER) + "\n";