### Summary

This is the successor of #75262 as I am not able to comment there anymore.

How is the state of the annoing bug? It is still not fixed and prevents all plays to run!

### Issue Type

Bug Report

### Component Name

lib/ansible/modules/apt.py

### Ansible Version

```console
$ ansible --version
> ansible --version
ERROR: Ansible requires the locale encoding to be UTF-8; Detected ISO8859-1.
ikki: ?1 !1021
> LC_ALL=C.UTF-8 ansible --version
ansible [core 2.14.0]
  config file = /home/klaus/.ansible.cfg
  configured module search path = ['/home/klaus/.ansible/plugins/modules', '/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
  ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/ansible
  ansible collection location = /home/klaus/.ansible/collections:/usr/share/ansible/collections
  executable location = /usr/bin/ansible
  python version = 3.10.8 (main, Nov  4 2022, 09:21:25) [GCC 12.2.0] (/usr/bin/python3)
  jinja version = 3.0.3
  libyaml = True
```


### Configuration

```console
# if using a version older than ansible-core 2.12 you should omit the '-t all'
$ ansible-config dump --only-changed -t all
> ansible-config dump --only-changed -t all
ERROR: Ansible requires the locale encoding to be UTF-8; Detected ISO8859-1.
```


### OS / Environment

Devuan

### Steps to Reproduce

<!--- Paste example playbooks or commands between quotes below -->
```yaml (paste below)
- name: I need patch here
  package:
    name: patch
    state: present 

```


### Expected Results

It works

### Actual Results

```console
TASK [debianfix : I need patch here] ***************************************************************************
fatal: [chil]: FAILED! => {"changed": false, "msg": "<class 'apt_pkg.Cache'> returned a result with an exception set"}
```


### Code of Conduct

- [ ] I agree to follow the Ansible Code of Conduct
"""Return mtime of a valid apt cache file.
    Stat the apt cache file and if no cache file is found return 0
    :returns: ``int``
    """
    cache_time = 0
    if os.path.exists(APT_UPDATE_SUCCESS_STAMP_PATH):
        cache_time = os.stat(APT_UPDATE_SUCCESS_STAMP_PATH).st_mtime
    elif os.path.exists(APT_LISTS_PATH):
        cache_time = os.stat(APT_LISTS_PATH).st_mtime
    return cache_time
def get_updated_cache_time():
    """Return the mtime time stamp and the updated cache time.
    Always retrieve the mtime of the apt cache or set the `cache_mtime`
    variable to 0
    :returns: ``tuple``
    """
    cache_mtime = get_cache_mtime()
    mtimestamp = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(cache_mtime)
    updated_cache_time = int(time.mktime(mtimestamp.timetuple()))
    return mtimestamp, updated_cache_time
# https://github.com/ansible/ansible-modules-core/issues/2951
def get_cache(module):