Didn't reproduce locally for me but this has happened a few times now in a relatively new test so it's probably worth taking a look.

**Build scan:**
https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/s/3edkgmrykpdjo/tests/:x-pack:plugin:security:internalClusterTest/org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.profile.ProfileDomainIntegTests/testConcurrentCreationOfNewProfiles

**Reproduction line:**
`./gradlew ':x-pack:plugin:security:internalClusterTest' --tests "org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.profile.ProfileDomainIntegTests.testConcurrentCreationOfNewProfiles" -Dtests.seed=524E5A855A0B125D -Dtests.locale=nl -Dtests.timezone=Etc/GMT+1 -Druntime.java=17`

**Applicable branches:**
master

**Reproduces locally?:**
No

**Failure history:**
https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/scans/tests?tests.container=org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.profile.ProfileDomainIntegTests&tests.test=testConcurrentCreationOfNewProfiles

**Failure excerpt:**
```
java.lang.AssertionError: 
Expected: a collection with size <1>
     but: collection size was <2>

  at __randomizedtesting.SeedInfo.seed([524E5A855A0B125D:54B58323238DAFF7]:0)
  at org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat(MatcherAssert.java:18)
  at org.junit.Assert.assertThat(Assert.java:956)
  at org.junit.Assert.assertThat(Assert.java:923)
  at org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.profile.ProfileDomainIntegTests.testConcurrentCreationOfNewProfiles(ProfileDomainIntegTests.java:330)
  at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:-2)
  at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
  at jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.invoke(RandomizedRunner.java:1758)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$8.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:946)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$9.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:982)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$10.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:996)
  at org.junit.rules.ExternalResource$1.evaluate(ExternalResource.java:48)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleSetupTeardownChained$1.evaluate(TestRuleSetupTeardownChained.java:44)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleThreadAndTestName$1.evaluate(TestRuleThreadAndTestName.java:45)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:375)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.forkTimeoutingTask(ThreadLeakControl.java:824)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$3.evaluate(ThreadLeakControl.java:475)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.runSingleTest(RandomizedRunner.java:955)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$5.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:840)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$6.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:891)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$7.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:902)
  at org.junit.rules.ExternalResource$1.evaluate(ExternalResource.java:48)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleStoreClassName$1.evaluate(TestRuleStoreClassName.java:38)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleAssertionsRequired$1.evaluate(TestRuleAssertionsRequired.java:53)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites.java:47)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:375)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.lambda$forkTimeoutingTask$0(ThreadLeakControl.java:831)
  at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:833)

```
x-pack/plugin/security/src/internalClusterTest/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/security/profile/ProfileDomainIntegTests.java
final RealmConfig.RealmIdentifier realmIdentifier2 = new RealmConfig.RealmIdentifier("realm_type_2", "realm_name_2");
        
        final String domainName = randomFrom("domainA", randomAlphaOfLengthBetween(5, 12));
        
        final Set<RealmConfig.RealmIdentifier> domainRealms = randomBoolean()
            ? Set.of(realmIdentifier1, realmIdentifier2)
            : Set.of(realmIdentifier1);
        final RealmDomain realmDomain = new RealmDomain(domainName, domainRealms);
        final RealmConfig.RealmIdentifier authenticationRealmIdentifier = randomFrom(domainRealms);
        final Authentication authentication = new Authentication(
            new User("Foo"),
            new Authentication.RealmRef(
                authenticationRealmIdentifier.getName(),
                authenticationRealmIdentifier.getType(),
                nodeName,
                realmDomain
            ),
            null
        );
        final Subject subject = AuthenticationContext.fromAuthentication(authentication).getEffectiveSubject();
        
        final PlainActionFuture<ProfileService.VersionedDocument> future1 = new PlainActionFuture<>();
        profileService.searchVersionedDocumentForSubject(subject, future1);
        assertThat(future1.actionGet(), nullValue());
        
        
        final String uid2 = indexDocument();
        final PlainActionFuture<ProfileService.VersionedDocument> future2 = new PlainActionFuture<>();
        profileService.searchVersionedDocumentForSubject(subject, future2);
        final ProfileService.VersionedDocument versionedDocument = future2.actionGet();