### Elasticsearch Version

7.16.2, master

### Installed Plugins

no

### Java Version

_bundled_

### OS Version

Linux iZbp1dn0ktfed9mjoyuiajZ 5.10.84-10.2.al8.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Feb 10 15:03:09 CST 2022 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

### Problem Description

When put repository using PutRespository API for an existing repository, NullPointerException was thrown, short stack shows as below
```
1> java.lang.Exception: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke "org.elasticsearch.repositories.Repository.getMetadata()" because "repository" is null
  1>   at org.elasticsearch.cluster.service.MasterService.innerExecuteTasks(MasterService.java:916) ~[main/:?]
  1>   at org.elasticsearch.cluster.service.MasterService.executeTasks(MasterService.java:871) ~[main/:?]
  1>   at org.elasticsearch.cluster.service.MasterService.runTasks(MasterService.java:253) [main/:?]
  1>   at org.elasticsearch.cluster.service.MasterService$Batcher.run(MasterService.java:153) [main/:?]
  1>   at org.elasticsearch.cluster.service.TaskBatcher.runIfNotProcessed(TaskBatcher.java:114) [main/:?]
  1>   at org.elasticsearch.cluster.service.TaskBatcher$BatchedTask.run(TaskBatcher.java:170) [main/:?]
  1>   at org.elasticsearch.common.util.concurrent.ThreadContext$ContextPreservingRunnable.run(ThreadContext.java:714) [main/:?]
  1>   at org.elasticsearch.common.util.concurrent.PrioritizedEsThreadPoolExecutor$TieBreakingPrioritizedRunnable.runAndClean(PrioritizedEsThreadPoolExecutor.java:260) [main/:?]
  1>   at org.elasticsearch.common.util.concurrent.PrioritizedEsThreadPoolExecutor$TieBreakingPrioritizedRunnable.run(PrioritizedEsThreadPoolExecutor.java:223) [main/:?]
  1>   at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1136) [?:?]
  1>   at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:635) [?:?]
  1>   at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:833) [?:?]
```

### Steps to Reproduce

I've created an IT to reproduce this issue in [#85551](https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/pull/85551), steps can be described as following:
- put repository using `RestPutRepository` API and make sure non-master node failed to create repository.
- restart master let one of the previous non-master node become master
- put the same repository using the `RestPutRepository` API.

### Logs (if relevant)

_No response_
server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/repositories/RepositoriesService.java
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.ClusterStateUpdateTask;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.RepositoryCleanupInProgress;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.RestoreInProgress;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.SnapshotDeletionsInProgress;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.SnapshotsInProgress;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.metadata.IndexMetadata;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.metadata.Metadata;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.metadata.RepositoriesMetadata;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.metadata.RepositoryMetadata;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.node.DiscoveryNode;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.node.DiscoveryNodeRole;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.service.ClusterService;
import org.elasticsearch.common.Strings;
import org.elasticsearch.common.component.AbstractLifecycleComponent;
import org.elasticsearch.common.regex.Regex;
import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Setting;
import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;
import org.elasticsearch.common.util.concurrent.ConcurrentCollections;
import org.elasticsearch.core.SuppressForbidden;
import org.elasticsearch.core.TimeValue;
import org.elasticsearch.core.internal.io.IOUtils;
import org.elasticsearch.index.Index;
import org.elasticsearch.repositories.blobstore.MeteredBlobStoreRepository;
import org.elasticsearch.snapshots.Snapshot;
import org.elasticsearch.threadpool.ThreadPool;
import org.elasticsearch.transport.TransportService;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;