As mentioned in https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/pull/96216, `LuceneVerifyingIndexOutput` always copies the last chunk byte-by-byte. This might be a pretty big chunk. We should be able to copy all the bytes up to the start of the checksum in bulk (and then I guess bulk-copy the checksum too not that this matters so much).

In the same area, `LuceneVerifyingIndexOutput` is the only subclass of `VerifyingIndexOutput` and there's no need for it to be an inner class of `Store`. `VerifyingIndexInput` also doesn't need to be an inner class.
server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/index/store/Store.java
import org.elasticsearch.env.ShardLockObtainFailedException;
import org.elasticsearch.index.IndexSettings;
import org.elasticsearch.index.IndexVersion;
import org.elasticsearch.index.engine.CombinedDeletionPolicy;
import org.elasticsearch.index.engine.Engine;
import org.elasticsearch.index.seqno.SequenceNumbers;
import org.elasticsearch.index.shard.AbstractIndexShardComponent;
import org.elasticsearch.index.shard.IndexShard;
import org.elasticsearch.index.shard.ShardId;
import org.elasticsearch.index.translog.Translog;
import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.EOFException;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
import java.nio.file.NoSuchFileException;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;
import java.util.function.Consumer;