### CI Link

https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/s/bhuomrfypovuq

### Repro line

gradlew :x-pack:plugin:security:test --tests "org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.authc.TokenServiceTests.testInvalidateRefreshTokenThatIsAlreadyInvalidated" -Dtests.seed=819240371E8B1C23 -Dtests.locale=ms-MY -Dtests.timezone=Australia/Lindeman -Druntime.java=17

### Does it reproduce?

Yes

### Applicable branches

main

### Failure history

_No response_

### Failure excerpt

```
  2> REPRODUCE WITH: ./gradlew ':x-pack:plugin:security:test' --tests "org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.authc.TokenServiceTests.testInvalidateRefreshTokenThatIsAlreadyInvalidated" -Dtests.seed=819240371E8B1C23 -Dtests.locale=ms-MY -Dtests.timezone=Australia/Lindeman -Druntime.java=17
  2> java.lang.ClassCastException: class java.util.HashMap cannot be cast to class org.elasticsearch.common.bytes.BytesReference (java.util.HashMap is in module java.base of loader 'bootstrap'; org.elasticsearch.common.bytes.BytesReference is in unnamed module of loader 'app')
        at __randomizedtesting.SeedInfo.seed([819240371E8B1C23:50D848AB4705CC]:0)
        at org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.security.authc.Authentication.maybeRewriteMetadataForApiKeyRoleDescriptors(Authentication.java:1093)
        at org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.security.authc.Authentication.maybeRewriteMetadata(Authentication.java:271)
        at org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.security.authc.Authentication.maybeRewriteForOlderVersion(Authentication.java:232)
        at org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.authc.TokenServiceTests.buildUserToken(TokenServiceTests.java:941)
        at org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.authc.TokenServiceTests.testInvalidateRefreshTokenThatIsAlreadyInvalidated(TokenServiceTests.java:437)
```
x-pack/plugin/core/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/core/security/authc/Authentication.java
final User innerUser;
        if (hasInnerUser) {
            innerUser = AuthenticationSerializationHelper.readUserFrom(in);
            assert false == User.isInternal(innerUser) : "internal users cannot participate in run-as";
        } else {
            innerUser = null;
        }
        final RealmRef authenticatedBy = new RealmRef(in);
        final RealmRef lookedUpBy;
        if (in.readBoolean()) {
            lookedUpBy = new RealmRef(in);
        } else {
            lookedUpBy = null;
        }
        
        
        
        
        
        assert innerUser != null || lookedUpBy == null : "Authentication has no inner-user, but looked-up-by is [" + lookedUpBy + "]";
        final TransportVersion version = in.getTransportVersion();
        final Map<String, Object> metadata;
        if (version.onOrAfter(VERSION_AUTHENTICATION_TYPE)) {
            type = AuthenticationType.values()[in.readVInt()];
            metadata = readMetadata(in);
        } else {
            type = AuthenticationType.REALM;
            metadata = Map.of();
        }
        if (innerUser != null) {