**Build scan:**
https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/s/frehaqs2hrhe4/tests/:server:internalClusterTest/org.elasticsearch.index.seqno.GlobalCheckpointSyncIT/testBackgroundGlobalCheckpointSync

**Reproduction line:**
`./gradlew ':server:internalClusterTest' --tests "org.elasticsearch.index.seqno.GlobalCheckpointSyncIT.testBackgroundGlobalCheckpointSync" -Dtests.seed=19EB2D16676B55E5 -Dtests.locale=es-SV -Dtests.timezone=Indian/Antananarivo -Druntime.java=17`

**Applicable branches:**
8.3

**Reproduces locally?:**
Didn't try

**Failure history:**
https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/scans/tests?tests.container=org.elasticsearch.index.seqno.GlobalCheckpointSyncIT&tests.test=testBackgroundGlobalCheckpointSync

**Failure excerpt:**
```
org.apache.lucene.store.AlreadyClosedException: engine is closed

  at __randomizedtesting.SeedInfo.seed([19EB2D16676B55E5:C85E2309EA9D031E]:0)
  at org.elasticsearch.index.shard.IndexShard.getEngine(IndexShard.java:2971)
  at org.elasticsearch.index.shard.IndexShard.seqNoStats(IndexShard.java:1261)
  at org.elasticsearch.index.seqno.GlobalCheckpointSyncIT.lambda$runGlobalCheckpointSyncTest$7(GlobalCheckpointSyncIT.java:197)
  at org.elasticsearch.test.ESTestCase.assertBusy(ESTestCase.java:1086)
  at org.elasticsearch.index.seqno.GlobalCheckpointSyncIT.runGlobalCheckpointSyncTest(GlobalCheckpointSyncIT.java:192)
  at org.elasticsearch.index.seqno.GlobalCheckpointSyncIT.testBackgroundGlobalCheckpointSync(GlobalCheckpointSyncIT.java:89)
  at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:-2)
  at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
  at jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.invoke(RandomizedRunner.java:1758)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$8.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:946)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$9.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:982)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$10.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:996)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleSetupTeardownChained$1.evaluate(TestRuleSetupTeardownChained.java:44)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleThreadAndTestName$1.evaluate(TestRuleThreadAndTestName.java:45)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:375)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.forkTimeoutingTask(ThreadLeakControl.java:824)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$3.evaluate(ThreadLeakControl.java:475)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.runSingleTest(RandomizedRunner.java:955)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$5.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:840)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$6.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:891)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$7.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:902)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleStoreClassName$1.evaluate(TestRuleStoreClassName.java:38)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleAssertionsRequired$1.evaluate(TestRuleAssertionsRequired.java:53)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites.java:47)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:375)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.lambda$forkTimeoutingTask$0(ThreadLeakControl.java:831)
  at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:833)

```
server/src/internalClusterTest/java/org/elasticsearch/index/seqno/GlobalCheckpointSyncIT.java
}
    public void testPersistLocalCheckpoint() {
        internalCluster().ensureAtLeastNumDataNodes(2);
        Settings.Builder indexSettings = Settings.builder()
            .put(IndexService.GLOBAL_CHECKPOINT_SYNC_INTERVAL_SETTING.getKey(), "10m")
            .put(IndexSettings.INDEX_TRANSLOG_DURABILITY_SETTING.getKey(), Translog.Durability.REQUEST)
            .put("index.number_of_shards", 1)
            .put("index.number_of_replicas", randomIntBetween(0, 1));
        prepareCreate("test", indexSettings).get();
        ensureGreen("test");
        int numDocs = randomIntBetween(1, 20);
        logger.info("numDocs {}", numDocs);
        long maxSeqNo = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < numDocs; i++) {
            maxSeqNo = client().prepareIndex("test").setId(Integer.toString(i)).setSource("{}", XContentType.JSON).get().getSeqNo();
            logger.info("got {}", maxSeqNo);
        }
        for (IndicesService indicesService : internalCluster().getDataNodeInstances(IndicesService.class)) {
            for (IndexService indexService : indicesService) {
                for (IndexShard shard : indexService) {
                    final SeqNoStats seqNoStats = shard.seqNoStats();
                    assertThat(maxSeqNo, equalTo(seqNoStats.getMaxSeqNo()));
                    assertThat(seqNoStats.getLocalCheckpoint(), equalTo(seqNoStats.getMaxSeqNo()));
                    ;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}