Not able to reproduce yet. Running locally produces a different failure:

```
Could not determine the dependencies of task ':x-pack:plugin:core:test'.
> Could not resolve all dependencies for configuration ':x-pack:plugin:core:jdk_provisioned_runtime'.
   > Could not create task ':x-pack:plugin:core:processResources'.
      > Property license.key must be set for release build
```

Will figure out what I'm missing locally

**Build scan:**
https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/s/mjgbmn25mpqny/tests/:x-pack:plugin:core:test/org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.XPackSettingsTests/testRealmDomainSettingRegistrationDefault

**Reproduction line:**
`./gradlew ':x-pack:plugin:core:test' --tests "org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.XPackSettingsTests.testRealmDomainSettingRegistrationDefault" -Dtests.seed=32E8F14DE06E6C5D -Dbuild.snapshot=false -Dtests.jvm.argline="-Dbuild.snapshot=false" -Dtests.locale=ar-KW -Dtests.timezone=America/Indiana/Petersburg -Druntime.java=17`

**Applicable branches:**
master

**Reproduces locally?:**
No

**Failure history:**
https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/scans/tests?tests.container=org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.XPackSettingsTests&tests.test=testRealmDomainSettingRegistrationDefault

**Failure excerpt:**
```
java.lang.AssertionError: 
Expected: a collection with size <0>
     but: collection size was <1>

  at __randomizedtesting.SeedInfo.seed([32E8F14DE06E6C5D:DE12B331462049D0]:0)
  at org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat(MatcherAssert.java:18)
  at org.junit.Assert.assertThat(Assert.java:956)
  at org.junit.Assert.assertThat(Assert.java:923)
  at org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.XPackSettingsTests.testRealmDomainSettingRegistrationDefault(XPackSettingsTests.java:108)
  at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:-2)
  at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
  at jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.invoke(RandomizedRunner.java:1758)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$8.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:946)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$9.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:982)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$10.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:996)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleSetupTeardownChained$1.evaluate(TestRuleSetupTeardownChained.java:44)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleThreadAndTestName$1.evaluate(TestRuleThreadAndTestName.java:45)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:375)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.forkTimeoutingTask(ThreadLeakControl.java:824)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$3.evaluate(ThreadLeakControl.java:475)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.runSingleTest(RandomizedRunner.java:955)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$5.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:840)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$6.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:891)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$7.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:902)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleStoreClassName$1.evaluate(TestRuleStoreClassName.java:38)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleAssertionsRequired$1.evaluate(TestRuleAssertionsRequired.java:53)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites.java:47)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:375)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.lambda$forkTimeoutingTask$0(ThreadLeakControl.java:831)
  at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:833)

```
x-pack/plugin/core/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/core/XPackSettingsTests.java
assertEquals(
            bcryptAlgo,
            XPackSettings.SERVICE_TOKEN_HASHING_ALGORITHM.get(
                Settings.builder().put(XPackSettings.SERVICE_TOKEN_HASHING_ALGORITHM.getKey(), bcryptAlgo).build()
            )
        );
    }
    public void testDefaultServiceTokenHashingAlgorithm() {
        assertThat(XPackSettings.SERVICE_TOKEN_HASHING_ALGORITHM.get(Settings.EMPTY), equalTo("PBKDF2_STRETCH"));
    }
    
    public void testRealmDomainSettingRegistrationDefault() {
        assertThat(
            XPackSettings.getAllSettings()
                .stream()
                .filter(setting -> setting.getKey().equals(DOMAIN_TO_REALM_ASSOC_SETTING.getKey()))
                .toList(),
            hasSize(Build.CURRENT.isSnapshot() ? 1 : 0)
        );
    }
    private boolean isSecretkeyFactoryAlgoAvailable(String algorithmId) {
        try {
            SecretKeyFactory.getInstance(algorithmId);
            return true;
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            return false;
        }
    }
}