This did reproduce locally for me and has failed a couple of times now.

**Build scan:**
https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/s/qprf362nef4ka/tests/:modules:repository-s3:test/org.elasticsearch.repositories.s3.S3BlobContainerRetriesTests/testReadBlobWithPrematureConnectionClose

**Reproduction line:**
`./gradlew ':modules:repository-s3:test' --tests "org.elasticsearch.repositories.s3.S3BlobContainerRetriesTests.testReadBlobWithPrematureConnectionClose" -Dtests.seed=A832C65B4F99755F -Dtests.locale=vi -Dtests.timezone=Etc/GMT-0 -Druntime.java=17`

**Applicable branches:**
master

**Reproduces locally?:**
Yes

**Failure history:**
https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/scans/tests?tests.container=org.elasticsearch.repositories.s3.S3BlobContainerRetriesTests&tests.test=testReadBlobWithPrematureConnectionClose

**Failure excerpt:**
```
java.lang.AssertionError: 
Expected: <0>
     but: was <1>

  at __randomizedtesting.SeedInfo.seed([A832C65B4F99755F:5CDA9B5B28C34571]:0)
  at org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat(MatcherAssert.java:18)
  at org.junit.Assert.assertThat(Assert.java:956)
  at org.junit.Assert.assertThat(Assert.java:923)
  at org.elasticsearch.repositories.blobstore.AbstractBlobContainerRetriesTestCase.testReadBlobWithPrematureConnectionClose(AbstractBlobContainerRetriesTestCase.java:333)
  at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:-2)
  at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
  at jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.invoke(RandomizedRunner.java:1758)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$8.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:946)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$9.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:982)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$10.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:996)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleSetupTeardownChained$1.evaluate(TestRuleSetupTeardownChained.java:44)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleThreadAndTestName$1.evaluate(TestRuleThreadAndTestName.java:45)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:390)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.forkTimeoutingTask(ThreadLeakControl.java:843)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$3.evaluate(ThreadLeakControl.java:490)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.runSingleTest(RandomizedRunner.java:955)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$5.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:840)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$6.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:891)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$7.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:902)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleStoreClassName$1.evaluate(TestRuleStoreClassName.java:38)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleAssertionsRequired$1.evaluate(TestRuleAssertionsRequired.java:53)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites.java:47)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:390)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.lambda$forkTimeoutingTask$0(ThreadLeakControl.java:850)
  at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:833)

```
modules/repository-s3/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/repositories/s3/S3BlobContainerRetriesTests.java
}
                exchange.close();
            }
        });
        blobContainer.writeBlob("write_large_blob_streaming", false, randomBoolean(), out -> {
            final byte[] buffer = new byte[16 * 1024];
            long outstanding = blobSize;
            while (outstanding > 0) {
                if (randomBoolean()) {
                    int toWrite = Math.toIntExact(Math.min(randomIntBetween(64, buffer.length), outstanding));
                    out.write(buffer, 0, toWrite);
                    outstanding -= toWrite;
                } else {
                    out.write(0);
                    outstanding--;
                }
            }
        });
        assertEquals(blobSize, bytesReceived.get());
    }
    public void testReadRetriesAfterMeaningfulProgress() throws Exception {
        final int maxRetries = between(0, 5);
        final int bufferSizeBytes = scaledRandomIntBetween(
            0,
            randomFrom(1000, Math.toIntExact(S3Repository.BUFFER_SIZE_SETTING.get(Settings.EMPTY).getBytes()))
        );
        final BlobContainer blobContainer = createBlobContainer(maxRetries, null, true, new ByteSizeValue(bufferSizeBytes));
        final int meaningfulProgressBytes = Math.max(1, bufferSizeBytes / 100);
        final byte[] bytes = randomBlobContent();
        @SuppressForbidden(reason = "use a http server")