This started failing after the 8.13.0 version bump

**Build scan:**
https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/s/k2vk66refu7t4/tests/:x-pack:qa:rolling-upgrade-multi-cluster:v8.12.0%23follower%23upgradedClusterTest/org.elasticsearch.upgrades.CcrRollingUpgradeIT/testCannotFollowLeaderInUpgradedCluster


**Reproduction line:**
```
./gradlew ':x-pack:qa:rolling-upgrade-multi-cluster:v8.12.0#follower#upgradedClusterTest' -Dtests.class="org.elasticsearch.upgrades.CcrRollingUpgradeIT" -Dtests.method="testCannotFollowLeaderInUpgradedCluster" -Dtests.seed=8F4E0A1D64C604F1 -Dtests.bwc=true -Dtests.locale=da-DK -Dtests.timezone=Etc/GMT-9 -Druntime.java=21
```

**Applicable branches:**
main

**Reproduces locally?:**
Yes

**Failure history:**
[Failure dashboard for `org.elasticsearch.upgrades.CcrRollingUpgradeIT#testCannotFollowLeaderInUpgradedCluster`](https://es-delivery-stats.elastic.dev/app/dashboards#/view/dcec9e60-72ac-11ee-8f39-55975ded9e63?_g=(refreshInterval:(pause:!t,value:60000),time:(from:now-7d%2Fd,to:now))&_a=(controlGroupInput:(chainingSystem:HIERARCHICAL,controlStyle:twoLine,ignoreParentSettings:(ignoreFilters:!f,ignoreQuery:!f,ignoreTimerange:!f,ignoreValidations:!t),panels:('0c0c9cb8-ccd2-45c6-9b13-96bac4abc542':(explicitInput:(dataViewId:fbbdc689-be23-4b3d-8057-aa402e9ed0c5,enhancements:(),fieldName:task.keyword,grow:!t,id:'0c0c9cb8-ccd2-45c6-9b13-96bac4abc542',searchTechnique:wildcard,selectedOptions:!(),singleSelect:!t,title:'Gradle%20Task',width:medium),grow:!t,order:0,type:optionsListControl,width:small),'144933da-5c1b-4257-a969-7f43455a7901':(explicitInput:(dataViewId:fbbdc689-be23-4b3d-8057-aa402e9ed0c5,enhancements:(),fieldName:name.keyword,grow:!t,id:'144933da-5c1b-4257-a969-7f43455a7901',searchTechnique:wildcard,selectedOptions:!('testCannotFollowLeaderInUpgradedCluster'),title:Test,width:medium),grow:!t,order:2,type:optionsListControl,width:medium),'4e6ad9d6-6fdc-4fcc-bf1a-aa6ca79e0850':(explicitInput:(dataViewId:fbbdc689-be23-4b3d-8057-aa402e9ed0c5,enhancements:(),fieldName:className.keyword,grow:!t,id:'4e6ad9d6-6fdc-4fcc-bf1a-aa6ca79e0850',searchTechnique:wildcard,selectedOptions:!('org.elasticsearch.upgrades.CcrRollingUpgradeIT'),title:Suite,width:medium),grow:!t,order:1,type:optionsListControl,width:medium)))))


**Failure excerpt:**
```
junit.framework.AssertionFailedError: Expected exception ResponseException but no exception was thrown

  at __randomizedtesting.SeedInfo.seed([8F4E0A1D64C604F1:111FA91CEEF1FEA]:0)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.LuceneTestCase.expectThrows(LuceneTestCase.java:2889)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.LuceneTestCase.expectThrows(LuceneTestCase.java:2875)
  at org.elasticsearch.upgrades.CcrRollingUpgradeIT.testCannotFollowLeaderInUpgradedCluster(CcrRollingUpgradeIT.java:225)
  at jdk.internal.reflect.DirectMethodHandleAccessor.invoke(DirectMethodHandleAccessor.java:103)
  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:580)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.invoke(RandomizedRunner.java:1758)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$8.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:946)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$9.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:982)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$10.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:996)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleSetupTeardownChained$1.evaluate(TestRuleSetupTeardownChained.java:48)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleThreadAndTestName$1.evaluate(TestRuleThreadAndTestName.java:45)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:390)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.forkTimeoutingTask(ThreadLeakControl.java:843)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$3.evaluate(ThreadLeakControl.java:490)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.runSingleTest(RandomizedRunner.java:955)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$5.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:840)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$6.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:891)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$7.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:902)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleStoreClassName$1.evaluate(TestRuleStoreClassName.java:38)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleAssertionsRequired$1.evaluate(TestRuleAssertionsRequired.java:53)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites.java:47)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:390)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.lambda$forkTimeoutingTask$0(ThreadLeakControl.java:850)
  at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:1583)

```
server/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/index/IndexVersions.java
public class IndexVersions {
    /*
     * NOTE: IntelliJ lies!
     * This map is used during class construction, referenced by the registerIndexVersion method.
     * When all the index version constants have been registered, the map is cleared & never touched again.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("UnusedAssignment")
    static TreeSet<Integer> IDS = new TreeSet<>();
    private static IndexVersion def(int id, Version luceneVersion) {
        if (IDS == null) throw new IllegalStateException("The IDS map needs to be present to call this method");
        if (IDS.add(id) == false) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Version id " + id + " defined twice");
        }
        if (id < IDS.last()) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Version id " + id + " is not defined in the right location. Keep constants sorted");