The test failed with

```
org.elasticsearch.client.ResponseException: method [GET], host [http://[::1]:42877], URI [_xpack/usage], status line [HTTP/1.1 500 Internal Server Error]	
{"error":{"root_cause":[{"type":"null_pointer_exception","reason":"Cannot invoke \"org.elasticsearch.cluster.routing.ShardRouting.state()\" because the return value of \"org.elasticsearch.cluster.routing.RoutingNode.getByShardId(org.elasticsearch.index.shard.ShardId)\" is null"}],"type":"null_pointer_exception","reason":"Cannot invoke \"org.elasticsearch.cluster.routing.ShardRouting.state()\" because the return value of \"org.elasticsearch.cluster.routing.RoutingNode.getByShardId(org.elasticsearch.index.shard.ShardId)\" is null"},"status":500}	
	at __randomizedtesting.SeedInfo.seed([28FB9E766A1CE048:945C02A2D66038C1]:0)	
	at org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient.convertResponse(RestClient.java:347)	
	at org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient.performRequest(RestClient.java:313)	
	at org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient.performRequest(RestClient.java:288)	
	at org.elasticsearch.xpack.transform.integration.TransformUsageIT.testUsage(TransformUsageIT.java:37)	
[...]
```

**Build scan:**
https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/s/tcqj3z4gyxjgc/tests/:x-pack:plugin:transform:qa:single-node-tests:javaRestTest/org.elasticsearch.xpack.transform.integration.TransformUsageIT/testUsage

**Reproduction line:**
```
./gradlew ':x-pack:plugin:transform:qa:single-node-tests:javaRestTest' --tests "org.elasticsearch.xpack.transform.integration.TransformUsageIT.testUsage" -Dtests.seed=28FB9E766A1CE048 -Dtests.locale=ja -Dtests.timezone=Europe/Rome -Druntime.java=20
```

**Applicable branches:**
main

**Reproduces locally?:**
No

**Failure history:**
https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/scans/tests?tests.container=org.elasticsearch.xpack.transform.integration.TransformUsageIT&tests.test=testUsage

**Failure excerpt:**
```
org.elasticsearch.client.ResponseException: method [GET], host [http://[::1]:42877], URI [_xpack/usage], status line [HTTP/1.1 500 Internal Server Error]
{"error":{"root_cause":[{"type":"null_pointer_exception","reason":"Cannot invoke \"org.elasticsearch.cluster.routing.ShardRouting.state()\" because the return value of \"org.elasticsearch.cluster.routing.RoutingNode.getByShardId(org.elasticsearch.index.shard.ShardId)\" is null"}],"type":"null_pointer_exception","reason":"Cannot invoke \"org.elasticsearch.cluster.routing.ShardRouting.state()\" because the return value of \"org.elasticsearch.cluster.routing.RoutingNode.getByShardId(org.elasticsearch.index.shard.ShardId)\" is null"},"status":500}

  at __randomizedtesting.SeedInfo.seed([28FB9E766A1CE048:945C02A2D66038C1]:0)
  at org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient.convertResponse(RestClient.java:347)
  at org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient.performRequest(RestClient.java:313)
  at org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient.performRequest(RestClient.java:288)
  at org.elasticsearch.xpack.transform.integration.TransformUsageIT.testUsage(TransformUsageIT.java:37)
  at jdk.internal.reflect.DirectMethodHandleAccessor.invoke(DirectMethodHandleAccessor.java:104)
  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:578)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.invoke(RandomizedRunner.java:1758)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$8.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:946)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$9.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:982)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$10.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:996)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleSetupTeardownChained$1.evaluate(TestRuleSetupTeardownChained.java:48)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleThreadAndTestName$1.evaluate(TestRuleThreadAndTestName.java:45)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:390)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.forkTimeoutingTask(ThreadLeakControl.java:843)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$3.evaluate(ThreadLeakControl.java:490)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner.runSingleTest(RandomizedRunner.java:955)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$5.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:840)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$6.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:891)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.RandomizedRunner$7.evaluate(RandomizedRunner.java:902)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleStoreClassName$1.evaluate(TestRuleStoreClassName.java:38)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule$1.evaluate(NoShadowingOrOverridesOnMethodsRule.java:40)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleAssertionsRequired$1.evaluate(TestRuleAssertionsRequired.java:53)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.AbstractBeforeAfterRule$1.evaluate(AbstractBeforeAfterRule.java:43)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleMarkFailure$1.evaluate(TestRuleMarkFailure.java:44)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreAfterMaxFailures.java:60)
  at org.apache.lucene.tests.util.TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites$1.evaluate(TestRuleIgnoreTestSuites.java:47)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.rules.StatementAdapter.evaluate(StatementAdapter.java:36)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl$StatementRunner.run(ThreadLeakControl.java:390)
  at com.carrotsearch.randomizedtesting.ThreadLeakControl.lambda$forkTimeoutingTask$0(ThreadLeakControl.java:850)
  at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:1623)

```
x-pack/plugin/core/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/core/DataTiersUsageTransportAction.java
aggregateDataTierShardStats(nodeStats, index, node, accumulator);
        }
    }
    /**
     * Collect shard-level data tier stats from shard stats contained in the node stats response.
     */
    private static void aggregateDataTierShardStats(NodeStats nodeStats, Index index, RoutingNode node, TierStatsAccumulator accumulator) {
        
        final List<IndexShardStats> allShardStats = nodeStats.getIndices().getShardStats(index);
        if (allShardStats != null) {
            for (IndexShardStats shardStat : allShardStats) {
                accumulator.totalByteCount += shardStat.getTotal().getStore().totalDataSetSizeInBytes();
                accumulator.docCount += shardStat.getTotal().getDocs().getCount();
                
                if (node.getByShardId(shardStat.getShardId()).state() == ShardRoutingState.STARTED) {
                    accumulator.totalShardCount += 1;
                    
                    StoreStats primaryStoreStats = shardStat.getPrimary().getStore();
                    if (primaryStoreStats != null) {
                        
                        accumulator.primaryShardCount++;
                        long primarySize = primaryStoreStats.totalDataSetSizeInBytes();
                        accumulator.primaryByteCount += primarySize;
                        accumulator.valueSketch.add(primarySize);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    private static DataTiersFeatureSetUsage.TierSpecificStats calculateFinalTierStats(TierStatsAccumulator accumulator) {