### CI Link

https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/s/bhuomrfypovuq

### Repro line

gradlew :x-pack:plugin:security:test --tests "org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.authc.TokenServiceTests.testInvalidateRefreshTokenThatIsAlreadyInvalidated" -Dtests.seed=819240371E8B1C23 -Dtests.locale=ms-MY -Dtests.timezone=Australia/Lindeman -Druntime.java=17

### Does it reproduce?

Yes

### Applicable branches

main

### Failure history

_No response_

### Failure excerpt

```
  2> REPRODUCE WITH: ./gradlew ':x-pack:plugin:security:test' --tests "org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.authc.TokenServiceTests.testInvalidateRefreshTokenThatIsAlreadyInvalidated" -Dtests.seed=819240371E8B1C23 -Dtests.locale=ms-MY -Dtests.timezone=Australia/Lindeman -Druntime.java=17
  2> java.lang.ClassCastException: class java.util.HashMap cannot be cast to class org.elasticsearch.common.bytes.BytesReference (java.util.HashMap is in module java.base of loader 'bootstrap'; org.elasticsearch.common.bytes.BytesReference is in unnamed module of loader 'app')
        at __randomizedtesting.SeedInfo.seed([819240371E8B1C23:50D848AB4705CC]:0)
        at org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.security.authc.Authentication.maybeRewriteMetadataForApiKeyRoleDescriptors(Authentication.java:1093)
        at org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.security.authc.Authentication.maybeRewriteMetadata(Authentication.java:271)
        at org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.security.authc.Authentication.maybeRewriteForOlderVersion(Authentication.java:232)
        at org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.authc.TokenServiceTests.buildUserToken(TokenServiceTests.java:941)
        at org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.authc.TokenServiceTests.testInvalidateRefreshTokenThatIsAlreadyInvalidated(TokenServiceTests.java:437)
```
x-pack/plugin/core/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/core/security/authc/Authentication.java
if (getEffectiveSubject().getUser().equals(anonymousUser)) {
            assert ANONYMOUS_REALM_TYPE.equals(getAuthenticatingSubject().getRealm().getType())
                && ANONYMOUS_REALM_NAME.equals(getAuthenticatingSubject().getRealm().getName());
            return false;
        }
        
        if (AuthenticationType.REALM == getAuthenticationType()
            || AuthenticationType.API_KEY == getAuthenticationType()
            || AuthenticationType.TOKEN == getAuthenticationType()) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
    /**
     * Writes the authentication to the context. There must not be an existing authentication in the context and if there is an
     * {@link IllegalStateException} will be thrown
     */
    public void writeToContext(ThreadContext ctx) throws IOException, IllegalArgumentException {
        new AuthenticationContextSerializer().writeToContext(this, ctx);
    }
    public String encode() throws IOException {
        BytesStreamOutput output = new BytesStreamOutput();
        output.setTransportVersion(getEffectiveSubject().getTransportVersion());
        TransportVersion.writeVersion(getEffectiveSubject().getTransportVersion(), output);
        writeTo(output);
        return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(BytesReference.toBytes(output.bytes()));
    }
    public void writeTo(StreamOutput out) throws IOException {