### Elasticsearch Version

master

### Installed Plugins

_No response_

### Java Version

_bundled_

### OS Version

all

### Problem Description

cat indices API in time_series mode is NPE, The reproduce steps is below:

### Steps to Reproduce

```
# step 1
PUT _index_template/test
{
  "index_patterns": [
    "test"
  ],
  "template": {
    "settings": {
      "index.routing_path": "foo"
    },
    "mappings": {
      "properties": {
        "foo": {
          "type": "keyword",
          "time_series_dimension": true
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "data_stream": {
    "index_mode": "time_series"
  }
}

# step 2
PUT _data_stream/test

# step 3
GET _cluster/state/metadata/test
GET _cat/indices/test?v
```
server/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/cluster/metadata/DataStreamTests.java
IndexSettings.TIME_SERIES_START_TIME.get(clusterState.getMetadata().index(dataStream.getIndices().get(0)).getSettings()),
                equalTo(start1)
            );
            assertThat(
                IndexSettings.TIME_SERIES_END_TIME.get(clusterState.getMetadata().index(dataStream.getIndices().get(0)).getSettings()),
                equalTo(end1)
            );
            assertThat(
                IndexSettings.TIME_SERIES_START_TIME.get(clusterState.getMetadata().index(dataStream.getIndices().get(1)).getSettings()),
                equalTo(start2)
            );
            assertThat(
                IndexSettings.TIME_SERIES_END_TIME.get(clusterState.getMetadata().index(dataStream.getIndices().get(1)).getSettings()),
                equalTo(end2)
            );
            
            DataStreamTestHelper.getClusterStateWithDataStream(
                dataStreamName,
                List.of(Tuple.tuple(start1, end1.minus(1, ChronoUnit.MINUTES)), Tuple.tuple(start2.plus(1, ChronoUnit.MINUTES), end2))
            );
        }
        {
            
            Instant currentTime = Instant.now();
            Instant start1 = currentTime.minus(6, ChronoUnit.HOURS);
            Instant end1 = currentTime.minus(2, ChronoUnit.HOURS);
            
            Instant start2 = currentTime.minus(3, ChronoUnit.HOURS);
            Instant end2 = currentTime.plus(2, ChronoUnit.HOURS);
            String dataStreamName = "logs_my-app_prod";