### CI Link

https://gradle-enterprise.elastic.co/s/bhuomrfypovuq

### Repro line

gradlew :x-pack:plugin:security:test --tests "org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.authc.TokenServiceTests.testInvalidateRefreshTokenThatIsAlreadyInvalidated" -Dtests.seed=819240371E8B1C23 -Dtests.locale=ms-MY -Dtests.timezone=Australia/Lindeman -Druntime.java=17

### Does it reproduce?

Yes

### Applicable branches

main

### Failure history

_No response_

### Failure excerpt

```
  2> REPRODUCE WITH: ./gradlew ':x-pack:plugin:security:test' --tests "org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.authc.TokenServiceTests.testInvalidateRefreshTokenThatIsAlreadyInvalidated" -Dtests.seed=819240371E8B1C23 -Dtests.locale=ms-MY -Dtests.timezone=Australia/Lindeman -Druntime.java=17
  2> java.lang.ClassCastException: class java.util.HashMap cannot be cast to class org.elasticsearch.common.bytes.BytesReference (java.util.HashMap is in module java.base of loader 'bootstrap'; org.elasticsearch.common.bytes.BytesReference is in unnamed module of loader 'app')
        at __randomizedtesting.SeedInfo.seed([819240371E8B1C23:50D848AB4705CC]:0)
        at org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.security.authc.Authentication.maybeRewriteMetadataForApiKeyRoleDescriptors(Authentication.java:1093)
        at org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.security.authc.Authentication.maybeRewriteMetadata(Authentication.java:271)
        at org.elasticsearch.xpack.core.security.authc.Authentication.maybeRewriteForOlderVersion(Authentication.java:232)
        at org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.authc.TokenServiceTests.buildUserToken(TokenServiceTests.java:941)
        at org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.authc.TokenServiceTests.testInvalidateRefreshTokenThatIsAlreadyInvalidated(TokenServiceTests.java:437)
```
x-pack/plugin/core/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/core/security/authc/Authentication.java
assert authenticatingSubject == effectiveSubject : "isRunAs logic does not hold";
        }
        
        assert (false == (isAuthenticatedAsApiKey() || isRemoteAccess()))
            || (getAuthenticatingSubject().getMetadata().get(AuthenticationField.API_KEY_ID_KEY) != null)
            : "API KEY authentication requires metadata to contain API KEY id, and the value must be non-null.";
        if (isRemoteAccess()) {
            assert getAuthenticatingSubject().getMetadata().get(REMOTE_ACCESS_AUTHENTICATION_KEY) != null
                : "Remote access authentication requires metadata to contain a serialized remote access authentication, "
                    + "and the value must be non-null.";
            assert getAuthenticatingSubject().getMetadata().get(REMOTE_ACCESS_ROLE_DESCRIPTORS_KEY) != null
                : "Remote access authentication requires metadata to contain a serialized remote access role descriptors, "
                    + "and the value must be non-null.";
        }
        
        if (isAssignedToDomain()) {
            assert false == isApiKey();
            assert false == isRemoteAccess();
            assert false == isServiceAccount();
            assert false == isAuthenticatedAnonymously();
            assert false == isAuthenticatedInternally();
        }
    }
    private boolean hasSyntheticRealmNameOrType(@Nullable RealmRef realmRef) {
        if (realmRef == null) {
            return false;
        }
        if (List.of(
            API_KEY_REALM_NAME,
            ServiceAccountSettings.REALM_NAME,