### Elasticsearch Version

master

### Installed Plugins

_No response_

### Java Version

_bundled_

### OS Version

all

### Problem Description

cat indices API in time_series mode is NPE, The reproduce steps is below:

### Steps to Reproduce

```
# step 1
PUT _index_template/test
{
  "index_patterns": [
    "test"
  ],
  "template": {
    "settings": {
      "index.routing_path": "foo"
    },
    "mappings": {
      "properties": {
        "foo": {
          "type": "keyword",
          "time_series_dimension": true
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "data_stream": {
    "index_mode": "time_series"
  }
}

# step 2
PUT _data_stream/test

# step 3
GET _cluster/state/metadata/test
GET _cat/indices/test?v
```
server/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/cluster/metadata/DataStreamTests.java
var e = expectThrows(
                IllegalArgumentException.class,
                () -> DataStreamTestHelper.getClusterStateWithDataStream(
                    dataStreamName,
                    List.of(Tuple.tuple(start1, end1), Tuple.tuple(start2, end2))
                )
            );
            var formatter = DateFieldMapper.DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_FORMATTER;
            assertThat(
                e.getMessage(),
                equalTo(
                    "backing index ["
                        + DataStream.getDefaultBackingIndexName(dataStreamName, 1, start1.toEpochMilli())
                        + "] with range ["
                        + formatter.format(start1)
                        + " TO "
                        + formatter.format(end1)
                        + "] is overlapping with backing index ["
                        + DataStream.getDefaultBackingIndexName(dataStreamName, 2, start2.toEpochMilli())
                        + "] with range ["
                        + formatter.format(start2)
                        + " TO "
                        + formatter.format(end2)
                        + "]"
                )
            );
        }
    }
}