### Elasticsearch Version

master

### Installed Plugins

_No response_

### Java Version

_bundled_

### OS Version

all

### Problem Description

cat indices API in time_series mode is NPE, The reproduce steps is below:

### Steps to Reproduce

```
# step 1
PUT _index_template/test
{
  "index_patterns": [
    "test"
  ],
  "template": {
    "settings": {
      "index.routing_path": "foo"
    },
    "mappings": {
      "properties": {
        "foo": {
          "type": "keyword",
          "time_series_dimension": true
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "data_stream": {
    "index_mode": "time_series"
  }
}

# step 2
PUT _data_stream/test

# step 3
GET _cluster/state/metadata/test
GET _cat/indices/test?v
```
server/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/cluster/metadata/DataStreamTests.java
while (indicesToAdd.isEmpty()) {
            
            indicesToAdd.addAll(DataStreamTestHelper.randomIndexInstances());
        }
        var postSnapshotDataStream = new DataStream(
            preSnapshotDataStream.getName(),
            indicesToAdd,
            preSnapshotDataStream.getGeneration(),
            preSnapshotDataStream.getMetadata(),
            preSnapshotDataStream.isHidden(),
            preSnapshotDataStream.isReplicated(),
            preSnapshotDataStream.isSystem(),
            preSnapshotDataStream.isAllowCustomRouting(),
            preSnapshotDataStream.getIndexMode()
        );
        assertNull(postSnapshotDataStream.snapshot(preSnapshotDataStream.getIndices().stream().map(Index::getName).toList()));
    }
    public void testSelectTimeSeriesWriteIndex() {
        Instant currentTime = Instant.now();
        Instant start1 = currentTime.minus(6, ChronoUnit.HOURS);
        Instant end1 = currentTime.minus(2, ChronoUnit.HOURS);
        Instant start2 = currentTime.minus(2, ChronoUnit.HOURS);
        Instant end2 = currentTime.plus(2, ChronoUnit.HOURS);
        String dataStreamName = "logs_my-app_prod";
        ClusterState clusterState = DataStreamTestHelper.getClusterStateWithDataStream(
            dataStreamName,
            List.of(Tuple.tuple(start1, end1), Tuple.tuple(start2, end2))
        );
        DataStream dataStream = clusterState.getMetadata().dataStreams().get(dataStreamName);
        Index result = dataStream.selectTimeSeriesWriteIndex(currentTime, clusterState.getMetadata());