### Website or app

https://travel.testsigma.com/

### Repro steps

https://travel.testsigma.com/

### How often does this bug happen?

Every time

### DevTools package (automated)

react-devtools-extensions

### DevTools version (automated)

4.27.6-7f8c501f6

### Error message (automated)

Cannot remove node "226752" because no matching node was found in the Store.

### Error call stack (automated)

```text
at chrome-extension://fmkadmapgofadopljbjfkapdkoienihi/build/main.js:28710:43
    at bridge_Bridge.emit (chrome-extension://fmkadmapgofadopljbjfkapdkoienihi/build/main.js:26606:22)
    at chrome-extension://fmkadmapgofadopljbjfkapdkoienihi/build/main.js:26775:14
    at listener (chrome-extension://fmkadmapgofadopljbjfkapdkoienihi/build/main.js:57029:39)
```


### Error component stack (automated)

_No response_

### GitHub query string (automated)

```text
https://api.github.com/search/issues?q=Cannot remove node  because no matching node was found in the Store. in:title is:issue is:open is:public label:"Component: Developer Tools" repo:facebook/react
```

function getChangedKeys(prev: any, next: any): null | Array<string> {
    if (prev == null || next == null) {
      return null;
    }
     We can't report anything meaningful for hooks changes.
    if (
      next.hasOwnProperty('baseState') &&
      next.hasOwnProperty('memoizedState') &&
      next.hasOwnProperty('next') &&
      next.hasOwnProperty('queue')
    ) {
      return null;
    }
    const keys = new Set([...Object.keys(prev), ...Object.keys(next)]);
    const changedKeys = [];
    
    for (const key of keys) {
      if (prev[key] !== next[key]) {
        changedKeys.push(key);
      }
    }
    return changedKeys;
  }
   eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
  function didFiberRender(prevFiber: Fiber, nextFiber: Fiber): boolean {
    switch (nextFiber.tag) {
      case ClassComponent:
      case FunctionComponent:
      case ContextConsumer:
      case MemoComponent: