This is related to #14150 and possibly others, but it's actually a separate issue.

For instance, when using the following query:
`bitcoin-cli scantxoutset start '[{"desc":"wpkh(xpubABCDEF/0/*)", "range":100}]'`
I can get a list of UTXOs, but no way to get back the index which derived that particular UTXO. So it's not much better than deriving on the user side and specifying addresses one by one, so that I already have a cache of addresses to match.

Not sure what the solution looks like. One way is to repeat the full descriptor in the utxo. That might get verbose though.
std::vector<COutPoint> outputs;
    outputs.reserve(output_params.size());
    for (unsigned int idx = 0; idx < output_params.size(); idx++) {
        const UniValue& o = output_params[idx].get_obj();
        RPCTypeCheckObj(o,
            {
                {"txid", UniValueType(UniValue::VSTR)},
                {"vout", UniValueType(UniValue::VNUM)},
            });
        const uint256 txid(ParseHashO(o, "txid"));
        const int nOutput = find_value(o, "vout").get_int();
        if (nOutput < 0) {
            throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter, vout must be positive");
        }
        const COutPoint outpt(txid, nOutput);
        const auto it = pwallet->mapWallet.find(outpt.hash);
        if (it == pwallet->mapWallet.end()) {
            throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter, unknown transaction");
        }
        const CWalletTx& trans = it->second;
        if (outpt.n >= trans.tx->vout.size()) {
            throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter, vout index out of bounds");
        }
        if (pwallet->IsSpent(outpt.hash, outpt.n)) {
            throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter, expected unspent output");
        }
        const bool is_locked = pwallet->IsLockedCoin(outpt.hash, outpt.n);
        if (fUnlock && !is_locked) {
            throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter, expected locked output");
        }