### Website or app

https://travel.testsigma.com/

### Repro steps

https://travel.testsigma.com/

### How often does this bug happen?

Every time

### DevTools package (automated)

react-devtools-extensions

### DevTools version (automated)

4.27.6-7f8c501f6

### Error message (automated)

Cannot remove node "226752" because no matching node was found in the Store.

### Error call stack (automated)

```text
at chrome-extension://fmkadmapgofadopljbjfkapdkoienihi/build/main.js:28710:43
    at bridge_Bridge.emit (chrome-extension://fmkadmapgofadopljbjfkapdkoienihi/build/main.js:26606:22)
    at chrome-extension://fmkadmapgofadopljbjfkapdkoienihi/build/main.js:26775:14
    at listener (chrome-extension://fmkadmapgofadopljbjfkapdkoienihi/build/main.js:57029:39)
```


### Error component stack (automated)

_No response_

### GitHub query string (automated)

```text
https://api.github.com/search/issues?q=Cannot remove node  because no matching node was found in the Store. in:title is:issue is:open is:public label:"Component: Developer Tools" repo:facebook/react
```

pushOperation(elementType);
      pushOperation(parentID);
      pushOperation(ownerID);
      pushOperation(displayNameStringID);
      pushOperation(keyStringID);
       I
      if (
        (fiber.mode & StrictModeBits) !== 0 &&
        (((parentFiber: any): Fiber).mode & StrictModeBits) === 0
      ) {
        pushOperation(TREE_OPERATION_SET_SUBTREE_MODE);
        pushOperation(id);
        pushOperation(StrictMode);
      }
    }
    if (isProfilingSupported) {
      idToRootMap.set(id, currentRootID);
      recordProfilingDurations(fiber);
    }
  }
  function recordUnmount(fiber: Fiber, isSimulated: boolean) {
    if (__DEBUG__) {
      debug(
        'recordUnmount()',
        fiber,
        null,
        isSimulated ? 'unmount is simulated' : '',
      );
    }
    if (trackedPathMatchFiber !== null) {