The `Broadcast`/`ResendWalletTransactions` interface is strange:

- it's the node saying to the wallet "Try to submit your unconfirmed transactions to the mempool again"
- it's called in one place by the node, in `SendMessages()` here: https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/c033c4b5cef89a654e4d9d5c5f9bd823871b068b/src/net_processing.cpp#L3515. `SendMessages()` is called on the message handling thread on a loop.
- the actual scheduling of when the wallet sends messages is handled in the `ResendWalletTransactions()` function itself, using the `nNextResend` and `nLastResend` wallet globals (which could as easily be static variables in `ResendWalletTransactions()`).

Therefore the only use of `Broadcast()` is to periodically prod the wallet. The wallet itself decides whether it's time to resend transactions. This could be done by scheduling regular calls to `ResendWalletTransactions()`, in the same way that we schedule regular wallet flushes here: https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/c033c4b5cef89a654e4d9d5c5f9bd823871b068b/src/wallet/init.cpp#L215.

A couple of minor implementation details:

- the call to `Broadcast()` in `SendMessages()` is protected by an if statement `if (!fReindex && !fImporting && !IsInitialBlockDownload()) {`. Those tests could be moved into `ResendWalletTransactions()` (through the `Chain` interface).
- The `Broadcast` notification passes in the `nTimeBestReceived` time of the best block. That could be fetched by `ResendWalletTransactions()` through the `Chain` interface.
private:
    std::unique_ptr<MainSignalsInstance> m_internals;
    friend void ::RegisterValidationInterface(CValidationInterface*);
    friend void ::UnregisterValidationInterface(CValidationInterface*);
    friend void ::UnregisterAllValidationInterfaces();
    friend void ::CallFunctionInValidationInterfaceQueue(std::function<void ()> func);
    void MempoolEntryRemoved(CTransactionRef tx, MemPoolRemovalReason reason);
public:
    
    void RegisterBackgroundSignalScheduler(CScheduler& scheduler);
    
    void UnregisterBackgroundSignalScheduler();
    
    void FlushBackgroundCallbacks();
    size_t CallbacksPending();
    
    void RegisterWithMempoolSignals(CTxMemPool& pool);
    
    void UnregisterWithMempoolSignals(CTxMemPool& pool);
    void UpdatedBlockTip(const CBlockIndex *, const CBlockIndex *, bool fInitialDownload);
    void TransactionAddedToMempool(const CTransactionRef &);
    void BlockConnected(const std::shared_ptr<const CBlock> &, const CBlockIndex *pindex, const std::shared_ptr<const std::vector<CTransactionRef>> &);
    void BlockDisconnected(const std::shared_ptr<const CBlock> &);
    void ChainStateFlushed(const CBlockLocator &);
    void BlockChecked(const CBlock&, const CValidationState&);
    void NewPoWValidBlock(const CBlockIndex *, const std::shared_ptr<const CBlock>&);
};
CMainSignals& GetMainSignals();
#endif