Given
```js
function ThrowInEffect() {
  React.useEffect(() => {
    throw new Error('passive effect')
  }, [])
  return null;
}
```

In React 17 this error got logged to the console (and triggered the error overlay in create-react-app) regardless of whether `ThrowInEffect` was a child of an Error Boundary or not.

In React 18 (`createRoot` and legacy root API) an Error Boundary will prevent logging that error to the console (and not trigger the error overlay in create-react-app).

Errors during render work like they did in React 17.

Behavior in React 17: https://codesandbox.io/s/react-17-error-boundaries-vp21e?file=/src/index.js
Behavior in React 18: https://codesandbox.io/s/react-18-error-boundaries-psd56?file=/src/index.js


Recording of effect errors in React 17 and 18 and with and without Error Boundaries_

https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/12292047/122749780-053ced00-d28e-11eb-98ce-075dcdc53ee2.mp4


/**
 * Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates.
 *
 * This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the
 * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
 *
 * @flow
 */
import type {
  Instance,
  TextInstance,
  SuspenseInstance,
  Container,
  ChildSet,
  Payload,
} from './ReactFiberHostConfig';
import type {Fiber} from './ReactInternalTypes';
import type {FiberRoot} from './ReactInternalTypes';
import type {Lanes} from './ReactFiberLane.old';
import type {SuspenseState} from './ReactFiberSuspenseComponent.old';
import type {Queue} from './ReactQueue.old';
import type {FunctionComponentQueue} from './ReactFiberHooks.old';
import type {Wakeable} from 'shared/ReactTypes';
import type {OffscreenState} from './ReactFiberOffscreenComponent';
import type {HookFlags} from './ReactHookEffectTags';
import {
  enableCreateEventHandleAPI,
  enableProfilerTimer,