Given
```js
function ThrowInEffect() {
  React.useEffect(() => {
    throw new Error('passive effect')
  }, [])
  return null;
}
```

In React 17 this error got logged to the console (and triggered the error overlay in create-react-app) regardless of whether `ThrowInEffect` was a child of an Error Boundary or not.

In React 18 (`createRoot` and legacy root API) an Error Boundary will prevent logging that error to the console (and not trigger the error overlay in create-react-app).

Errors during render work like they did in React 17.

Behavior in React 17: https://codesandbox.io/s/react-17-error-boundaries-vp21e?file=/src/index.js
Behavior in React 18: https://codesandbox.io/s/react-18-error-boundaries-psd56?file=/src/index.js


Recording of effect errors in React 17 and 18 and with and without Error Boundaries_

https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/12292047/122749780-053ced00-d28e-11eb-98ce-075dcdc53ee2.mp4


outer: while (parentFiber !== null) {
              switch (parentFiber.tag) {
                case HostRoot:
                  const root = parentFiber.stateNode;
                  root.effectDuration += effectDuration;
                  break outer;
                case Profiler:
                  const parentStateNode = parentFiber.stateNode;
                  parentStateNode.effectDuration += effectDuration;
                  break outer;
              }
              parentFiber = parentFiber.return;
            }
          }
        }
        break;
      }
      case SuspenseComponent: {
        commitSuspenseHydrationCallbacks(finishedRoot, finishedWork);
        break;
      }
      case SuspenseListComponent:
      case IncompleteClassComponent:
      case ScopeComponent:
      case OffscreenComponent:
      case LegacyHiddenComponent:
        break;
      default:
        invariant(
          false,