### Apache Airflow version

main (development)

### What happened

When creating a DAG with Task Groups and a Mapped Operator, if the Task Group is passed as argument to Mapped Operator's `partial` method it is ignored and the operator is not added to the group.

### What you think should happen instead

The Mapped Operator should be added to the Task Group passed as an argument.

### How to reproduce

Create a DAG with a source code like the following one

```python
from airflow import DAG
from airflow.operators.bash import BashOperator
from airflow.operators.empty import EmptyOperator
from airflow.utils import timezone
from airflow.utils.task_group import TaskGroup


with DAG("dag", start_date=timezone.datetime(2016, 1, 1)) as dag:
    start = EmptyOperator(task_id="start")
    finish = EmptyOperator(task_id="finish")

    group = TaskGroup("test-group")
    commands = ["echo a", "echo b", "echo c"]
    mapped = BashOperator.partial(task_id="task_2", task_group=group).expand(bash_command=commands)

    start >> group >> finish

# assert mapped.task_group == group

```

### Operating System

macOS 13.2.1 (22D68)

### Versions of Apache Airflow Providers

_No response_

### Deployment

Other

### Deployment details

_No response_

### Anything else

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit PR?

- [X] Yes I am willing to submit a PR!

### Code of Conduct

- [X] I agree to follow this project's [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/apache/airflow/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)

default_args = {"retries": 2, "start_date": DEFAULT_DATE.now()}
    with DAG("test-dag", start_date=DEFAULT_DATE, default_args=default_args):
        literal = ["a", "b", "c"]
        mapped = MockOperator.partial(task_id="task", retries=1).expand(arg2=literal)
    
    assert mapped.partial_kwargs["retries"] == 1
    
    assert mapped.start_date == pendulum.instance(default_args["start_date"])
    
    assert mapped.owner == "airflow"
def test_map_unknown_arg_raises():
    with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=r"argument 'file'"):
        BaseOperator.partial(task_id="a").expand(file=[1, 2, {"a": "b"}])
def test_map_xcom_arg():
    """Test that dependencies are correct when mapping with an XComArg"""
    with DAG("test-dag", start_date=DEFAULT_DATE):
        task1 = BaseOperator(task_id="op1")
        mapped = MockOperator.partial(task_id="task_2").expand(arg2=task1.output)
        finish = MockOperator(task_id="finish")
        mapped >> finish
    assert task1.downstream_list == [mapped]
def test_map_xcom_arg_multiple_upstream_xcoms(dag_maker, session):
    """Test that the correct number of downstream tasks are generated when mapping with an XComArg"""
    class PushExtraXComOperator(BaseOperator):
        """Push an extra XCom value along with the default return value."""
        def __init__(self, return_value, **kwargs):
            super().__init__(**kwargs)
            self.return_value = return_value
        def execute(self, context):