### Apache Airflow version

main (development)

### What happened

When creating a DAG with Task Groups and a Mapped Operator, if the Task Group is passed as argument to Mapped Operator's `partial` method it is ignored and the operator is not added to the group.

### What you think should happen instead

The Mapped Operator should be added to the Task Group passed as an argument.

### How to reproduce

Create a DAG with a source code like the following one

```python
from airflow import DAG
from airflow.operators.bash import BashOperator
from airflow.operators.empty import EmptyOperator
from airflow.utils import timezone
from airflow.utils.task_group import TaskGroup


with DAG("dag", start_date=timezone.datetime(2016, 1, 1)) as dag:
    start = EmptyOperator(task_id="start")
    finish = EmptyOperator(task_id="finish")

    group = TaskGroup("test-group")
    commands = ["echo a", "echo b", "echo c"]
    mapped = BashOperator.partial(task_id="task_2", task_group=group).expand(bash_command=commands)

    start >> group >> finish

# assert mapped.task_group == group

```

### Operating System

macOS 13.2.1 (22D68)

### Versions of Apache Airflow Providers

_No response_

### Deployment

Other

### Deployment details

_No response_

### Anything else

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit PR?

- [X] Yes I am willing to submit a PR!

### Code of Conduct

- [X] I agree to follow this project's [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/apache/airflow/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)

context["task_instance"].xcom_push(key="extra_key", value="extra_value")
            return self.return_value
    with dag_maker("test-dag", session=session, start_date=DEFAULT_DATE) as dag:
        upstream_return = [1, 2, 3]
        task1 = PushExtraXComOperator(return_value=upstream_return, task_id="task_1")
        task2 = PushExtraXComOperator.partial(task_id="task_2").expand(return_value=task1.output)
        task3 = PushExtraXComOperator.partial(task_id="task_3").expand(return_value=task2.output)
    dr = dag_maker.create_dagrun()
    ti_1 = dr.get_task_instance("task_1", session)
    ti_1.run()
    ti_2s, _ = task2.expand_mapped_task(dr.run_id, session=session)
    for ti in ti_2s:
        ti.refresh_from_task(dag.get_task("task_2"))
        ti.run()
    ti_3s, _ = task3.expand_mapped_task(dr.run_id, session=session)
    for ti in ti_3s:
        ti.refresh_from_task(dag.get_task("task_3"))
        ti.run()
    assert len(ti_3s) == len(ti_2s) == len(upstream_return)
def test_partial_on_instance() -> None:
    """`.partial` on an instance should fail -- it's only designed to be called on classes"""
    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
        MockOperator(task_id="a").partial()
def test_partial_on_class() -> None:
    
    op = MockOperator.partial(task_id="a", arg1="a", trigger_rule=TriggerRule.ONE_FAILED)
    assert op.kwargs["arg1"] == "a"
    assert op.kwargs["trigger_rule"] == TriggerRule.ONE_FAILED
def test_partial_on_class_invalid_ctor_args() -> None: