### Apache Airflow version

2.6.1

### What happened

I have a short circuit task which is in a task group that is expanded. The task work correctly when it returns true but the task fails when it returns false with the following error:
```
sqlalchemy.exc.IntegrityError: (psycopg2.errors.ForeignKeyViolation) insert or update on table "xcom" violates foreign key constraint "xcom_task_instance_fkey"
DETAIL:  Key (dag_id, task_id, run_id, map_index)=(pipeline_output_to_s3, transfer_output_file.already_in_manifest_short_circuit, manual__2023-05-24T20:21:35.420606+00:00, -1) is not present in table "task_instance".
```

It looks like it sets the map-index to -1 when false is returned which is causing the issue. 
If one task fails this way in the the task group, all other mapped tasks fail as well, even if the short circuit returns true.
When this error occurs, all subsequent DAG runs will be stuck indefinitely in the running state unless the DAG is deleted.

### What you think should happen instead

Returning false from the short circuit operator should skip downstream tasks without affecting other task groups / map indexes or subsequent DAG runs. 

### How to reproduce

include a short circuit operator in a mapped task group and have it return false.

### Operating System

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7

### Versions of Apache Airflow Providers

_No response_

### Deployment

Official Apache Airflow Helm Chart

### Deployment details

_No response_

### Anything else

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit PR?

- [ ] Yes I am willing to submit a PR!

### Code of Conduct

- [X] I agree to follow this project's [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/apache/airflow/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)

branch = super().execute(context)
        self.log.info("Branch callable return %s", branch)
        self.skip_all_except(context["ti"], branch)
        return branch
class ShortCircuitOperator(PythonOperator, SkipMixin):
    """
    Allows a pipeline to continue based on the result of a ``python_callable``.
    The ShortCircuitOperator is derived from the PythonOperator and evaluates the result of a
    ``python_callable``. If the returned result is False or a falsy value, the pipeline will be
    short-circuited. Downstream tasks will be marked with a state of "skipped" based on the short-circuiting
    mode configured. If the returned result is True or a truthy value, downstream tasks proceed as normal and
    an ``XCom`` of the returned result is pushed.
    The short-circuiting can be configured to either respect or ignore the ``trigger_rule`` set for
    downstream tasks. If ``ignore_downstream_trigger_rules`` is set to True, the default setting, all
    downstream tasks are skipped without considering the ``trigger_rule`` defined for tasks. However, if this
    parameter is set to False, the direct downstream tasks are skipped but the specified ``trigger_rule`` for
    other subsequent downstream tasks are respected. In this mode, the operator assumes the direct downstream
    tasks were purposely meant to be skipped but perhaps not other subsequent tasks.
    .. seealso::
        For more information on how to use this operator, take a look at the guide:
        :ref:`howto/operator:ShortCircuitOperator`
    :param ignore_downstream_trigger_rules: If set to True, all downstream tasks from this operator task will
        be skipped. This is the default behavior. If set to False, the direct, downstream task(s) will be
        skipped but the ``trigger_rule`` defined for all other downstream tasks will be respected.
    """
    def __init__(self, *, ignore_downstream_trigger_rules: bool = True, **kwargs) -> None: