### Apache Airflow version

main (development)

### What happened

_list_pods function uses kube list_namespaced_pod and list_pod_for_all_namespaces kube functions. Right now, these Kube functions will get the entire pod spec though we are interested in the pod metadata alone. This _list_pods is refered in clear_not_launched_queued_tasks. try_adopt_task_instances and _adopt_completed_pods functions.

When we run the airflow at large scale (with worker pods of more than > 500). The _list_pods function takes a significant amount of time (upto 15 - 30 seconds with 500 worker pods) due to unnecessary data transfer (V1PodList up to a few 10 MBs) and JSON deserialization overhead. This is blocking us from scaling the airflow to run at large scale

### What you think should happen instead

Request the Pod metadata instead of entire Pod payload. It will help to reduce significant network data transfer and JSON deserialization overhead.

### How to reproduce

I have reproduced the performance issue while running 500 concurrent jobs. Monitor  kubernetes_executor.clear_not_launched_queued_tasks.duration and kubernetes_executor.adopt_task_instances.duration metrics.

### Operating System

CentOS 6

### Versions of Apache Airflow Providers

apache-airflow-providers-cncf-kubernetes

### Deployment

Other Docker-based deployment

### Deployment details

Terraform based airflow deployment

### Anything else

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit PR?

- [X] Yes I am willing to submit a PR!

### Code of Conduct

- [X] I agree to follow this project's [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/apache/airflow/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)

name=pod_name,
                    labels={"airflow-worker": pod_name},
                    annotations=get_annotations(pod_name),
                    namespace="somens",
                )
            )
            for pod_name in pod_names
        ]
        expected_running_ti_keys = {annotations_to_key(get_annotations(pod_name)) for pod_name in pod_names}
        executor._adopt_completed_pods(_client)
        _client.list_namespaced_pod.assert_called_once_with(
            namespace="somens",
            field_selector="status.phase=Succeeded",
            label_selector="kubernetes_executor=True,airflow-worker!=modified,airflow_executor_done!=True",
        )
        assert len(pod_names) == _client.patch_namespaced_pod.call_count
        _client.patch_namespaced_pod.assert_has_calls(
            [
                mock.call(
                    body={"metadata": {"labels": {"airflow-worker": "modified"}}},
                    name=pod_name,
                    namespace="somens",
                )
                for pod_name in pod_names
            ],
            any_order=True,
        )
        assert executor.running == expected_running_ti_keys
    @mock.patch("airflow.providers.cncf.kubernetes.kube_client.get_kube_client")
    def test_not_adopt_unassigned_task(self, _client):