### Apache Airflow version

main (development)

### What happened

When creating a DAG with Task Groups and a Mapped Operator, if the Task Group is passed as argument to Mapped Operator's `partial` method it is ignored and the operator is not added to the group.

### What you think should happen instead

The Mapped Operator should be added to the Task Group passed as an argument.

### How to reproduce

Create a DAG with a source code like the following one

```python
from airflow import DAG
from airflow.operators.bash import BashOperator
from airflow.operators.empty import EmptyOperator
from airflow.utils import timezone
from airflow.utils.task_group import TaskGroup


with DAG("dag", start_date=timezone.datetime(2016, 1, 1)) as dag:
    start = EmptyOperator(task_id="start")
    finish = EmptyOperator(task_id="finish")

    group = TaskGroup("test-group")
    commands = ["echo a", "echo b", "echo c"]
    mapped = BashOperator.partial(task_id="task_2", task_group=group).expand(bash_command=commands)

    start >> group >> finish

# assert mapped.task_group == group

```

### Operating System

macOS 13.2.1 (22D68)

### Versions of Apache Airflow Providers

_No response_

### Deployment

Other

### Deployment details

_No response_

### Anything else

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit PR?

- [X] Yes I am willing to submit a PR!

### Code of Conduct

- [X] I agree to follow this project's [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/apache/airflow/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)

)
            trigger_rule = TriggerRule.NONE_FAILED_MIN_ONE_SUCCESS
        if not TriggerRule.is_valid(trigger_rule):
            raise AirflowException(
                f"The trigger_rule must be one of {TriggerRule.all_triggers()},"
                f"'{dag.dag_id if dag else ''}.{task_id}'; received '{trigger_rule}'."
            )
        self.trigger_rule: TriggerRule = TriggerRule(trigger_rule)
        self.depends_on_past: bool = depends_on_past
        self.ignore_first_depends_on_past: bool = ignore_first_depends_on_past
        self.wait_for_past_depends_before_skipping: bool = wait_for_past_depends_before_skipping
        self.wait_for_downstream: bool = wait_for_downstream
        if wait_for_downstream:
            self.depends_on_past = True
        self.retry_delay = coerce_timedelta(retry_delay, key="retry_delay")
        self.retry_exponential_backoff = retry_exponential_backoff
        self.max_retry_delay = (
            max_retry_delay
            if max_retry_delay is None
            else coerce_timedelta(max_retry_delay, key="max_retry_delay")
        )
        
        self.params: ParamsDict | dict = ParamsDict(params)
        if priority_weight is not None and not isinstance(priority_weight, int):
            raise AirflowException(
                f"`priority_weight` for task '{self.task_id}' only accepts integers, "
                f"received '{type(priority_weight)}'."
            )
        self.priority_weight = priority_weight
        if not WeightRule.is_valid(weight_rule):