### Apache Airflow version

main (development)

### What happened

When creating a DAG with Task Groups and a Mapped Operator, if the Task Group is passed as argument to Mapped Operator's `partial` method it is ignored and the operator is not added to the group.

### What you think should happen instead

The Mapped Operator should be added to the Task Group passed as an argument.

### How to reproduce

Create a DAG with a source code like the following one

```python
from airflow import DAG
from airflow.operators.bash import BashOperator
from airflow.operators.empty import EmptyOperator
from airflow.utils import timezone
from airflow.utils.task_group import TaskGroup


with DAG("dag", start_date=timezone.datetime(2016, 1, 1)) as dag:
    start = EmptyOperator(task_id="start")
    finish = EmptyOperator(task_id="finish")

    group = TaskGroup("test-group")
    commands = ["echo a", "echo b", "echo c"]
    mapped = BashOperator.partial(task_id="task_2", task_group=group).expand(bash_command=commands)

    start >> group >> finish

# assert mapped.task_group == group

```

### Operating System

macOS 13.2.1 (22D68)

### Versions of Apache Airflow Providers

_No response_

### Deployment

Other

### Deployment details

_No response_

### Anything else

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit PR?

- [X] Yes I am willing to submit a PR!

### Code of Conduct

- [X] I agree to follow this project's [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/apache/airflow/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)

:param on_execute_callback: much like the ``on_failure_callback`` except
        that it is executed right before the task is executed.
    :param on_retry_callback: much like the ``on_failure_callback`` except
        that it is executed when retries occur.
    :param on_success_callback: much like the ``on_failure_callback`` except
        that it is executed when the task succeeds.
    :param pre_execute: a function to be called immediately before task
        execution, receiving a context dictionary; raising an exception will
        prevent the task from being executed.
        |experimental|
    :param post_execute: a function to be called immediately after task
        execution, receiving a context dictionary and task result; raising an
        exception will prevent the task from succeeding.
        |experimental|
    :param trigger_rule: defines the rule by which dependencies are applied
        for the task to get triggered. Options are:
        ``{ all_success | all_failed | all_done | all_skipped | one_success | one_done |
        one_failed | none_failed | none_failed_min_one_success | none_skipped | always}``
        default is ``all_success``. Options can be set as string or
        using the constants defined in the static class
        ``airflow.utils.TriggerRule``
    :param resources: A map of resource parameter names (the argument names of the
        Resources constructor) to their values.
    :param run_as_user: unix username to impersonate while running the task
    :param max_active_tis_per_dag: When set, a task will be able to limit the concurrent
        runs across execution_dates.
    :param max_active_tis_per_dagrun: When set, a task will be able to limit the concurrent
        task instances per DAG run.
    :param executor_config: Additional task-level configuration parameters that are
        interpreted by a specific executor. Parameters are namespaced by the name of