### Apache Airflow version

main (development)

### What happened

When creating a DAG with Task Groups and a Mapped Operator, if the Task Group is passed as argument to Mapped Operator's `partial` method it is ignored and the operator is not added to the group.

### What you think should happen instead

The Mapped Operator should be added to the Task Group passed as an argument.

### How to reproduce

Create a DAG with a source code like the following one

```python
from airflow import DAG
from airflow.operators.bash import BashOperator
from airflow.operators.empty import EmptyOperator
from airflow.utils import timezone
from airflow.utils.task_group import TaskGroup


with DAG("dag", start_date=timezone.datetime(2016, 1, 1)) as dag:
    start = EmptyOperator(task_id="start")
    finish = EmptyOperator(task_id="finish")

    group = TaskGroup("test-group")
    commands = ["echo a", "echo b", "echo c"]
    mapped = BashOperator.partial(task_id="task_2", task_group=group).expand(bash_command=commands)

    start >> group >> finish

# assert mapped.task_group == group

```

### Operating System

macOS 13.2.1 (22D68)

### Versions of Apache Airflow Providers

_No response_

### Deployment

Other

### Deployment details

_No response_

### Anything else

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit PR?

- [X] Yes I am willing to submit a PR!

### Code of Conduct

- [X] I agree to follow this project's [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/apache/airflow/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)

ui_fgcolor: str = "#000"
    pool: str = ""
    
    _base_operator_shallow_copy_attrs: tuple[str, ...] = (
        "user_defined_macros",
        "user_defined_filters",
        "params",
        "_log",
    )
    
    shallow_copy_attrs: Sequence[str] = ()
    
    operator_extra_links: Collection[BaseOperatorLink] = ()
    
    __serialized_fields: frozenset[str] | None = None
    partial: Callable[..., OperatorPartial] = _PartialDescriptor()  
    _comps = {
        "task_id",
        "dag_id",
        "owner",
        "email",
        "email_on_retry",
        "retry_delay",
        "retry_exponential_backoff",
        "max_retry_delay",
        "start_date",
        "end_date",
        "depends_on_past",
        "wait_for_downstream",
        "priority_weight",