### Apache Airflow version

main (development)

### What happened

When creating a DAG with Task Groups and a Mapped Operator, if the Task Group is passed as argument to Mapped Operator's `partial` method it is ignored and the operator is not added to the group.

### What you think should happen instead

The Mapped Operator should be added to the Task Group passed as an argument.

### How to reproduce

Create a DAG with a source code like the following one

```python
from airflow import DAG
from airflow.operators.bash import BashOperator
from airflow.operators.empty import EmptyOperator
from airflow.utils import timezone
from airflow.utils.task_group import TaskGroup


with DAG("dag", start_date=timezone.datetime(2016, 1, 1)) as dag:
    start = EmptyOperator(task_id="start")
    finish = EmptyOperator(task_id="finish")

    group = TaskGroup("test-group")
    commands = ["echo a", "echo b", "echo c"]
    mapped = BashOperator.partial(task_id="task_2", task_group=group).expand(bash_command=commands)

    start >> group >> finish

# assert mapped.task_group == group

```

### Operating System

macOS 13.2.1 (22D68)

### Versions of Apache Airflow Providers

_No response_

### Deployment

Other

### Deployment details

_No response_

### Anything else

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit PR?

- [X] Yes I am willing to submit a PR!

### Code of Conduct

- [X] I agree to follow this project's [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/apache/airflow/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)

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    trigger_rule: str | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    depends_on_past: bool | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    ignore_first_depends_on_past: bool | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    wait_for_past_depends_before_skipping: bool | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    wait_for_downstream: bool | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    retries: int | None | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    queue: str | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    pool: str | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    pool_slots: int | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    execution_timeout: timedelta | None | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    max_retry_delay: None | timedelta | float | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    retry_delay: timedelta | float | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    retry_exponential_backoff: bool | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    priority_weight: int | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    weight_rule: str | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    sla: timedelta | None | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    max_active_tis_per_dag: int | None | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    max_active_tis_per_dagrun: int | None | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    on_execute_callback: None | TaskStateChangeCallback | list[TaskStateChangeCallback] | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    on_failure_callback: None | TaskStateChangeCallback | list[TaskStateChangeCallback] | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    on_success_callback: None | TaskStateChangeCallback | list[TaskStateChangeCallback] | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    on_retry_callback: None | TaskStateChangeCallback | list[TaskStateChangeCallback] | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    run_as_user: str | None | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    executor_config: dict | None | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    inlets: Any | None | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    outlets: Any | None | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    doc: str | None | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    doc_md: str | None | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
    doc_json: str | None | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,