### Apache Airflow version

main (development)

### What happened

When creating a DAG with Task Groups and a Mapped Operator, if the Task Group is passed as argument to Mapped Operator's `partial` method it is ignored and the operator is not added to the group.

### What you think should happen instead

The Mapped Operator should be added to the Task Group passed as an argument.

### How to reproduce

Create a DAG with a source code like the following one

```python
from airflow import DAG
from airflow.operators.bash import BashOperator
from airflow.operators.empty import EmptyOperator
from airflow.utils import timezone
from airflow.utils.task_group import TaskGroup


with DAG("dag", start_date=timezone.datetime(2016, 1, 1)) as dag:
    start = EmptyOperator(task_id="start")
    finish = EmptyOperator(task_id="finish")

    group = TaskGroup("test-group")
    commands = ["echo a", "echo b", "echo c"]
    mapped = BashOperator.partial(task_id="task_2", task_group=group).expand(bash_command=commands)

    start >> group >> finish

# assert mapped.task_group == group

```

### Operating System

macOS 13.2.1 (22D68)

### Versions of Apache Airflow Providers

_No response_

### Deployment

Other

### Deployment details

_No response_

### Anything else

_No response_

### Are you willing to submit PR?

- [X] Yes I am willing to submit a PR!

### Code of Conduct

- [X] I agree to follow this project's [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/apache/airflow/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)

self._post_execute_hook = post_execute
        if start_date and not isinstance(start_date, datetime):
            self.log.warning("start_date for %s isn't datetime.datetime", self)
        elif start_date:
            self.start_date = timezone.convert_to_utc(start_date)
        if end_date:
            self.end_date = timezone.convert_to_utc(end_date)
        self.executor_config = executor_config or {}
        self.run_as_user = run_as_user
        self.retries = parse_retries(retries)
        self.queue = queue
        self.pool = Pool.DEFAULT_POOL_NAME if pool is None else pool
        self.pool_slots = pool_slots
        if self.pool_slots < 1:
            dag_str = f" in dag {dag.dag_id}" if dag else ""
            raise ValueError(f"pool slots for {self.task_id}{dag_str} cannot be less than 1")
        self.sla = sla
        if trigger_rule == "dummy":
            warnings.warn(
                "dummy Trigger Rule is deprecated. Please use `TriggerRule.ALWAYS`.",
                RemovedInAirflow3Warning,
                stacklevel=2,
            )
            trigger_rule = TriggerRule.ALWAYS
        if trigger_rule == "none_failed_or_skipped":
            warnings.warn(
                "none_failed_or_skipped Trigger Rule is deprecated. "
                "Please use `none_failed_min_one_success`.",
                RemovedInAirflow3Warning,
                stacklevel=2,