### Godot version

4.2 Stable

### System information

Linux

### Issue description

Calling TreeItem set_text() on a TreeItem that was removed via remove_child() causes debugging to end and the application to close without any error message.

### Steps to reproduce

Run the included example to get the debugger to crash. Comment out "treeItem.remove_child(subTreeItem)" for normal behaviour. 

### Minimal reproduction project

[treeItemCrash.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/13534005/treeItemCrash.zip)

if (p_item && !p_item->is_visible()) {
		
		return 0;
	}
	int item_h = compute_item_height(p_item) + theme_cache.v_separation;
	bool skip = (p_item == root && hide_root);
	if (!skip && p_pos.y < item_h) {
		
		if (range_click_timer->get_time_left() > 0 && p_item != range_item_last) {
			return -1;
		}
		if (!p_item->disable_folding && !hide_folding && p_item->first_child && (p_pos.x >= x_ofs && p_pos.x < (x_ofs + theme_cache.item_margin))) {
			if (enable_recursive_folding && p_mod->is_shift_pressed()) {
				p_item->set_collapsed_recursive(!p_item->is_collapsed());
			} else {
				p_item->set_collapsed(!p_item->is_collapsed());
			}
			return -1;
		}
		int x = p_pos.x;
		
		int col = -1;
		int col_ofs = 0;
		int col_width = 0;
		int limit_w = x_limit;
		for (int i = 0; i < columns.size(); i++) {
			col_width = get_column_width(i);