### Tested versions

Reproductible in 4.2 stable
Not reproductible in 4.1.3 stable

### System information

Godot v4.2.stable - Windows 10.0.19045 - Vulkan (Mobile) - dedicated NVIDIA GeForce GTX 650 Ti (NVIDIA; 30.0.14.7444) - AMD Ryzen 5 3600 6-Core Processor (12 Threads)

### Issue description

Reflection probes simply don't work on Vulkan mobile and Compatibility renderer.
Godot 4.1.3:
![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/25274301/80ccb23c-8986-4662-a5e6-9846c361febe)
Godot 4.2:
![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/25274301/f0fd93b0-a912-4f14-aa24-0cf6353c4484)

### Steps to reproduce

1. Create a sphere with a metallic material with low roughness.
2. Create some geometry to reflect off of the sphere
3. Add a reflection probe to the scene

### Minimal reproduction project (MRP)

[ReflectionProbes.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/13592653/ReflectionProbes.zip)

ReflectionProbe *reflection_probe = reflection_probe_owner.get_or_null(p_probe);
	ERR_FAIL_NULL(reflection_probe);
	reflection_probe->enable_shadows = p_enable;
	reflection_probe->dependency.changed_notify(Dependency::DEPENDENCY_CHANGED_REFLECTION_PROBE);
}
void LightStorage::reflection_probe_set_cull_mask(RID p_probe, uint32_t p_layers) {
	ReflectionProbe *reflection_probe = reflection_probe_owner.get_or_null(p_probe);
	ERR_FAIL_NULL(reflection_probe);
	reflection_probe->cull_mask = p_layers;
	reflection_probe->dependency.changed_notify(Dependency::DEPENDENCY_CHANGED_REFLECTION_PROBE);
}
void LightStorage::reflection_probe_set_resolution(RID p_probe, int p_resolution) {
	ReflectionProbe *reflection_probe = reflection_probe_owner.get_or_null(p_probe);
	ERR_FAIL_NULL(reflection_probe);
	ERR_FAIL_COND(p_resolution < 32);
	reflection_probe->resolution = p_resolution;
}
void LightStorage::reflection_probe_set_mesh_lod_threshold(RID p_probe, float p_ratio) {
	ReflectionProbe *reflection_probe = reflection_probe_owner.get_or_null(p_probe);
	ERR_FAIL_NULL(reflection_probe);
	reflection_probe->mesh_lod_threshold = p_ratio;
	reflection_probe->dependency.changed_notify(Dependency::DEPENDENCY_CHANGED_REFLECTION_PROBE);
}
void LightStorage::reflection_probe_set_baked_exposure(RID p_probe, float p_exposure) {
	ReflectionProbe *reflection_probe = reflection_probe_owner.get_or_null(p_probe);
	ERR_FAIL_NULL(reflection_probe);
	reflection_probe->baked_exposure = p_exposure;
}
AABB LightStorage::reflection_probe_get_aabb(RID p_probe) const {