### Godot version

4.2 Stable

### System information

Linux

### Issue description

Calling TreeItem set_text() on a TreeItem that was removed via remove_child() causes debugging to end and the application to close without any error message.

### Steps to reproduce

Run the included example to get the debugger to crash. Comment out "treeItem.remove_child(subTreeItem)" for normal behaviour. 

### Minimal reproduction project

[treeItemCrash.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/13534005/treeItemCrash.zip)

ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_column, columns.size(), "");
	return columns[p_column].title;
}
void Tree::set_column_title_alignment(int p_column, HorizontalAlignment p_alignment) {
	ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_column, columns.size());
	if (p_alignment == HORIZONTAL_ALIGNMENT_FILL) {
		WARN_PRINT("HORIZONTAL_ALIGNMENT_FILL is not supported for column titles.");
	}
	if (columns[p_column].title_alignment == p_alignment) {
		return;
	}
	columns.write[p_column].title_alignment = p_alignment;
	update_column(p_column);
	queue_redraw();
}
HorizontalAlignment Tree::get_column_title_alignment(int p_column) const {
	ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_column, columns.size(), HorizontalAlignment::HORIZONTAL_ALIGNMENT_CENTER);
	return columns[p_column].title_alignment;
}
void Tree::set_column_title_direction(int p_column, Control::TextDirection p_text_direction) {
	ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_column, columns.size());
	ERR_FAIL_COND((int)p_text_direction < -1 || (int)p_text_direction > 3);
	if (columns[p_column].text_direction != p_text_direction) {
		columns.write[p_column].text_direction = p_text_direction;
		update_column(p_column);
		queue_redraw();
	}
}
Control::TextDirection Tree::get_column_title_direction(int p_column) const {