### Godot version

4.2 Stable

### System information

Linux

### Issue description

Calling TreeItem set_text() on a TreeItem that was removed via remove_child() causes debugging to end and the application to close without any error message.

### Steps to reproduce

Run the included example to get the debugger to crash. Comment out "treeItem.remove_child(subTreeItem)" for normal behaviour. 

### Minimal reproduction project

[treeItemCrash.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/13534005/treeItemCrash.zip)

#include "tree.h"
#include "core/config/project_settings.h"
#include "core/input/input.h"
#include "core/math/math_funcs.h"
#include "core/os/keyboard.h"
#include "core/os/os.h"
#include "core/string/print_string.h"
#include "core/string/translation.h"
#include "scene/gui/box_container.h"
#include "scene/gui/text_edit.h"
#include "scene/main/window.h"
#include "scene/theme/theme_db.h"
#include <limits.h>
Size2 TreeItem::Cell::get_icon_size() const {