### Godot version

4.2 Stable

### System information

Linux

### Issue description

Calling TreeItem set_text() on a TreeItem that was removed via remove_child() causes debugging to end and the application to close without any error message.

### Steps to reproduce

Run the included example to get the debugger to crash. Comment out "treeItem.remove_child(subTreeItem)" for normal behaviour. 

### Minimal reproduction project

[treeItemCrash.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/13534005/treeItemCrash.zip)

drag_speed = 0;
					drag_from = 0;
				}
				if (!click_handled) {
					drag_speed = 0;
					drag_accum = 0;
					
					drag_from = v_scroll->get_value();
					drag_touching = DisplayServer::get_singleton()->is_touchscreen_available();
					drag_touching_deaccel = false;
					if (drag_touching) {
						set_physics_process_internal(true);
					}
					if (mb->get_button_index() == MouseButton::LEFT) {
						if (get_item_at_position(mb->get_position()) == nullptr && !mb->is_shift_pressed() && !mb->is_command_or_control_pressed()) {
							emit_signal(SNAME("nothing_selected"));
						}
					}
				}
				if (propagate_mouse_activated) {
					emit_signal(SNAME("item_activated"));
					propagate_mouse_activated = false;
				}
			} break;
			case MouseButton::WHEEL_UP: {
				if (_scroll(false, -mb->get_factor() / 8)) {
					accept_event();
				}
			} break;
			case MouseButton::WHEEL_DOWN: {