### Godot version

v4.1.beta.custom_build [72b59325c]

### System information

Windows 10, Vulkan

### Issue description

This has been plaguing me for a while in my main project. I can only partially reproduce it in a MRP:
When placing a binary mesh resource imported from a .glb file into a MeshInstance3D, it will be gone upon restart. It doesn't seem to happen to every resource, but I've had MIs that were fine and then start doing it out of nowhere.
I thought it was going to be related to materials due to things like https://github.com/godotengine/godot/issues/77007 but I can reliably trigger it with the steps listed below.
I have done limited testing on .tres files because I usually use .res for size/performance, but in the MRP .tres doesn't seem to trigger it, so perhaps it doesn't affect those.

Note on the Steps to reproduce: you have to delete the test_cube.res and redo the steps to trigger the bug again, but in my main project the affected resources always disappear.

### Steps to reproduce

1. Double click test_cube.glb
2. Click the mesh (test_cube_Cube_097), set save to file path as: res://test_cube.res
3. Make sure to click the little folder icon and then Save (this seems to make it consistent to proc)
4. Press Reimport
5. Drag the test_cube.res to the Mesh slot of the MeshInstance3D
6. Ctrl+s to save
7. Project -> Reload current project
8. Mesh is no longer in the MeshInstance3D

### Minimal reproduction project

[binary res bug.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11681009/binary.res.bug.zip)
#include "editor_file_system.h"
#include "core/config/project_settings.h"
#include "core/extension/gdextension_manager.h"
#include "core/io/file_access.h"
#include "core/io/resource_importer.h"
#include "core/io/resource_loader.h"
#include "core/io/resource_saver.h"
#include "core/object/worker_thread_pool.h"
#include "core/os/os.h"
#include "core/variant/variant_parser.h"
#include "editor/editor_help.h"
#include "editor/editor_node.h"
#include "editor/editor_paths.h"
#include "editor/editor_resource_preview.h"
#include "editor/editor_settings.h"
EditorFileSystem *EditorFileSystem::singleton = nullptr;
#define CACHE_FILE_NAME "filesystem_cache8"
void EditorFileSystemDirectory::sort_files() {