### Godot version

4.2 Stable

### System information

Linux

### Issue description

Calling TreeItem set_text() on a TreeItem that was removed via remove_child() causes debugging to end and the application to close without any error message.

### Steps to reproduce

Run the included example to get the debugger to crash. Comment out "treeItem.remove_child(subTreeItem)" for normal behaviour. 

### Minimal reproduction project

[treeItemCrash.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/13534005/treeItemCrash.zip)

ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_column, cells.size(), HORIZONTAL_ALIGNMENT_LEFT);
	return cells[p_column].text_alignment;
}
void TreeItem::set_expand_right(int p_column, bool p_enable) {
	ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_column, cells.size());
	if (cells[p_column].expand_right == p_enable) {
		return;
	}
	cells.write[p_column].expand_right = p_enable;
	cells.write[p_column].cached_minimum_size_dirty = true;
	_changed_notify(p_column);
}
bool TreeItem::get_expand_right(int p_column) const {
	ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_column, cells.size(), false);
	return cells[p_column].expand_right;
}
void TreeItem::set_disable_folding(bool p_disable) {
	if (disable_folding == p_disable) {
		return;
	}
	disable_folding = p_disable;
	for (Cell &c : cells) {
		c.cached_minimum_size_dirty = true;
	}
	_changed_notify(0);
}
bool TreeItem::is_folding_disabled() const {