### Godot version

4.2 Stable

### System information

Linux

### Issue description

Calling TreeItem set_text() on a TreeItem that was removed via remove_child() causes debugging to end and the application to close without any error message.

### Steps to reproduce

Run the included example to get the debugger to crash. Comment out "treeItem.remove_child(subTreeItem)" for normal behaviour. 

### Minimal reproduction project

[treeItemCrash.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/13534005/treeItemCrash.zip)

const Size2 control_size = get_size();
	const Ref<StyleBox> background = theme_cache.panel_style;
	
	const real_t width = control_size.x - background->get_margin(SIDE_LEFT) - background->get_margin(SIDE_RIGHT);
	const real_t height = control_size.y - background->get_margin(SIDE_TOP) - background->get_margin(SIDE_BOTTOM);
	const Rect2 content_rect = Rect2(background->get_offset(), Size2(width, height));
	const Size2 hmin = h_scroll->get_combined_minimum_size();
	const Size2 vmin = v_scroll->get_combined_minimum_size();
	const Size2 internal_min_size = get_internal_min_size();
	const int title_button_height = _get_title_button_height();
	Size2 tree_content_size = content_rect.get_size() - Vector2(0, title_button_height);
	bool display_vscroll = internal_min_size.height > tree_content_size.height;
	bool display_hscroll = internal_min_size.width > tree_content_size.width;
	for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
		
		if (display_hscroll) {
			tree_content_size.height = content_rect.get_size().height - title_button_height - hmin.height;
			display_vscroll = internal_min_size.height > tree_content_size.height;
		}
		if (display_vscroll) {
			tree_content_size.width = content_rect.get_size().width - vmin.width;
			display_hscroll = internal_min_size.width > tree_content_size.width;
		}
	}
	if (display_vscroll) {
		v_scroll->show();
		v_scroll->set_max(internal_min_size.height);
		v_scroll->set_page(tree_content_size.height);
		theme_cache.offset.y = v_scroll->get_value();