### Godot version

4.2 Stable

### System information

Linux

### Issue description

Calling TreeItem set_text() on a TreeItem that was removed via remove_child() causes debugging to end and the application to close without any error message.

### Steps to reproduce

Run the included example to get the debugger to crash. Comment out "treeItem.remove_child(subTreeItem)" for normal behaviour. 

### Minimal reproduction project

[treeItemCrash.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/13534005/treeItemCrash.zip)

TreeItem *it = root;
	int ofs = _get_title_button_height();
	if (!it) {
		return 0;
	}
	while (true) {
		if (it == p_item) {
			return ofs;
		}
		if ((it != root || !hide_root) && it->is_visible()) {
			ofs += compute_item_height(it);
			ofs += theme_cache.v_separation;
		}
		if (it->first_child && !it->collapsed) {
			it = it->first_child;
		} else if (it->next) {
			it = it->next;
		} else {
			while (!it->next) {
				it = it->parent;
				if (it == nullptr) {
					return 0;
				}
			}
			it = it->next;
		}
	}
	return -1; 
}
void Tree::ensure_cursor_is_visible() {