where R is an outer radius of the system (for example, some galaxy), R is an outer radius of its monad, v is a speed of a system or a body, c is the speed of light.
where R is an outer radius of the system (for example, some galaxy), R is an outer radius of its monad, v is a speed of a system or a body, c is the speed of light.
user
Тут R — зовнішній радіус системи (наприклад, якоїсь галактики), R — внутрішній радіус її монади, v — швидкість системи або тіла, c — швидкість світла.
assistant