Normal bundles of lines on hypersurfaces
Let $X \subset \mathbb{P}^n$ be a smooth hypersurface. Given a sequence of integers $\vec{a} = (a_1, \ldots, a_{n-2})$ with $a_1 \leq \cdots \leq a_{n-2}$, let $F_{\vec{a}}(X)$ be the parameter space of lines $L$ on $X$ such that $N_{L/X} \cong \mathcal{O}(a_1) \oplus \cdots \oplus \mathcal{O}(a_{n-2})$. The loci $F_{\vec{a}}(X)$ form a stratification of the Fano scheme of lines on $X$. We show that for general hypersurfaces, the $F_{\vec{a}}(X)$ have the expected dimension and, in this case, compute the class of $\overline{F_{\vec{a}}(X)}$ in the Chow ring of the Grassmannian of lines in $\mathbb{P}^n$. For certain splitting types $\vec{a}$, we also provide non-trivial upper bounds on the dimension of $F_{\vec{a}}(X)$ that hold for all smooth $X$.