Exact Calculation of Ring Diagrams and the Off-shell Effect on the Equation of State
The partition function with ring diagrams at finite temperature is exactly caluclated by using contour integrals in the complex energy plane. It contains a pole part with temperature and momentum dependent mass and a phase shift part induced by off-shell effect in hot medium. The thermodynamic potentials for $\phi^4$ and $\phi^3$ interactions are calculated and compared with the quasi-particle (pole) approximation. It is found that the off-shell effect on the equation of state is remarkable.