["[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-01 00:00]\n<User>I have some labeled classification examples for you to study:\n\nSample: In this double-blind study , patients with DPNP and without comorbid depression were randomly assigned to treatment with duloxetine 60 mg once daily ( QD ) , duloxetine 60 mg twice daily ( BID ) , or placebo for 12 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Compared to saline , DAM administration induced a significant decrease in plasma ACTH ( p < 0.01 ) , serum cortisol ( p < 0.0001 ) and saliva cortisol ( p < 0.01 ) , as well as in craving ( p < 0.0001 ) , over time .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Annual relapse rate for both groups declined to approximately 0.2 ( approximately one relapse every 5 years ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were no statistically significant differences between the treatment group and placebo for any of the outcome variables .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: One patient indicated that dorzolamide was more effective than acetazolamide in improving visual function , three of five patients believed that acetazolamide was more effective , and one felt that both were equally effective .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: IgG and IgA in SF group was significantly higher than that in control group after operation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No hemorheologic changes were observed in the patients ( n = 23 ) only with PTCA , but the patients ( n = 23 ) with Sini decoction were found to be significantly decreased in whole blood viscosity and red cell aggregation and dredging the blood of microcirculation as post-PTCA compared to pre-PTCA .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: One week after surgery , there were no significant differences between the groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Surfactant therapy in severe ARDS improves oxygenation immediately after administration .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Enhancement of group II-group I facilitation of the quadriceps motor neurones on the spastic side of hemiplegic patients is modulated by alpha ( 2 ) noradrenergic agonists .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Thus the purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of experimental muscle pain and gender on generation and attenuation of impact loading during walking .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Despite a high rate of laryngeal preservation no survival benefit was recorded in this selected population .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Serum calcium level was a predictor of VPBS ( P = 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Late course 3DCRT produces better therapeutic effects than conventional radiotherapy in patients with stage III NSCLC .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Twenty were randomized and after exclusions , 16 were available for analysis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Despite adjustment for these differences , women with reinfarction were less likely to receive repeat fibrinolytic therapy ( OR : 0.55 ; 95 % CI : 0.37-0 .84 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Adverse events were recorded by patients in their diary charts and serum concentrations of oxybutynin and its active metabolite , N-desethyloxybutynin , were measured at baseline and at completion of the study to detect possible drug accumulation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The most common clinical adverse event in the teplizumab groups was rash ( 220/417 [ 53 % ] vs 20/99 [ 20 % ] in the placebo group ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This was a randomized parallel-group study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Plasma from 315 consenting women was analyzed for 17-alpha hydroxyprogesterone caproate concentration .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Final mean insulin doses were higheramong FPs ' patients than among experts ' patients ( 41.74 vs 31.66 units , P = .015 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Change in PAM was associated with changes in health behaviors at every level ( 1-4 ) , especially at level 4 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 40 patients with isolated severe stenosis of the left anterior descending coronary artery .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: With the exception of previous chemotherapy , the treatment groups were well balanced , both regarding treatment - and patient-related factors .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: It is unclear if calorie restriction/dieting contributes to cognitive impairment .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Demographic and operative data were similar between the two groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: For sample SLIP patients and for similar non-SLIP patients undergoing conventional lumbar spine MR imaging as usual care in calendar year 2000 , measured imaging room use and technologist and radiologist times were multiplied by costs per minute of standard equipment acquisition , personnel compensation , and related expenses .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The 90 % confidence intervals on log-transformed observed and predicted AUC and Cmax were comparable for both drugs .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The pancreatic secretory effects of sedation medications utilized during endoscopic procedures are not completely known .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: To evaluate the efficiency of the 5-HT4 agonist and 5-HT3 antagonist mosapride , as compared with cisapride , on oesophageal acid reflux variables and oesophageal motor function in patients with chronic gastro-oesophageal reflux disease ( GORD ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Among 597 patients , 26 % experienced TB-IRIS with an incidence rate of 37.9 cases per 100 person-years [ 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) 32.4-44 .4 ] .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In a randomized , double-blind , crossover study , eight atopic and eight healthy subjects received cetirizine ( 10 mg/day ) or placebo for 3 days before cutaneous tests .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: As an exploratory analysis of memory consolidation , the Logical Memory Test , modified to measure recall after 7 days , was administered at baseline and after the first weekly dose of d-cycloserine .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Perfect. I've stored this information in my memory.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-02 00:00]\n<User>Here are training examples for classification. Note the labels carefully:\n\nSample: There was a high concordance level between the diagnosis assigned to each specimen of a paired sample , the diagnosis agreeing in 97.6 % cases .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The trial included participants from a randomized controlled trial of fibrinolytic therapy ( FT ) in patients with left-sided prosthetic valve thrombosis ( PVT ) , who had undergone pre-treatment computed tomography ( CT ) scans of the brain .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Compared with the response to tetracosactide , adrenocortical response was higher and more sustained following administration of the depot tetracosactide , except for androstenedione concentration , which had a nonsignificant response .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The `` STIRR '' intervention included Screening for HIV and HCV risk factors , Testing for HIV and hepatitis , Immunization against hepatitis A and B , Risk reduction counseling , and medical treatment Referral and support at the site of mental health care .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Effect sizes were large .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Devices such as diode laser and intense pulsed light ( IPL ) are in constant development aiming at permanent hair removal , but there are few comparative studies between these technologies .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Coronary CTA had a significantly lower total estimated effective radiation dose ( 7.4 mSv [ IQR , 5.0-14 .0 mSv ] vs 13.3 mSv [ IQR , 13.1-38 .0 mSv ] ; P < 0.0001 ) with no difference in induced radiation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The mean daily dose of steroids was significantly higher in the control group 2 to 4 weeks posttransplantation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We randomly assigned 16,492 patients with type 2 diabetes who had a history of , or were at risk for , cardiovascular events to receive saxagliptin or placebo and followed them for a median of 2.1 years .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Some patients with RA that is stable on weekly dosing are able to change to every-other-week dosing without experiencing a flare in their disease activity .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Insulin and IGFBP-1 showed no significant changes throughout the treatment period .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Primary total hip arthroplasty .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Randomized assignment to Resilient Families was associated with a significant reduction in adolescent alcohol use among families volunteering for the evaluation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Rural Virginia .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Moderate changes in QTc and morphological changes in T waves were observed in the course of the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: h-1 r-hirudin regimen than with other regimens .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , crossover study was performed in nine patients with alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The subgroup of control group participants ( n = 9 ) reported disappointment on hearing their allocation , but recognised the value of their role to the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Forty preterm neonates with a gestational age of 24-29 weeks were randomly assigned to one of the two above-mentioned ventilation strategies within 30 min from birth .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Fifty-six obese , sedentary females ( BMI = 33.9 + / - 4.1 kg/m2 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Unintentional firearm injuries threaten the safety of children in the United States .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: IVIG treatment was associated with significantly more side effects than placebo , most notably headache .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twenty patients undergoing angioplasty for an isolated stenosis of a major epicardial coronary artery were randomized to receive intravenous infusion of naloxone or placebo during the procedure .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was no significant difference ( P < 0.05 ) between groups at session 5 ( 3 months postinstruction ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Radiotherapy is a very effective adjuvant treatment for rectal cancer with little side effects .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: After casein ingestion , medium-size peptides ( 750-1050 kDa ) were released during 6 h , whereas larger peptides ( 1050-1800 kDa ) were released from WPs in the first 3 h.\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Overall , sustained virologic response ( SVR ) rate was higher in PegIFNalpha2a than in PegIFNalpha2b patients ( 66 % vs 54 % , respectively , P = .02 ) , being 48 % vs 32 % in the 222 HCV-1 and -4 patients ( P = .04 ) , and 96 % vs 82 % , respectively , in the 143 HCV-2 patients ( P = .01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Early postoperative hypotony occurred in 1 of 16 ( 6.3 % ) patients with partial ligation and 4 of 16 ( 25 % ) patients without ligation .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Sure I will remember them.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-03 00:00]\n<User>These examples show different classes - please note the labels:\n\nSample: After instillation of the gel the patients were immediately asked to score the pain using a nongraphical visual analogue scale .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To investigate the association of pre-intervention and post-intervention patient and eye characteristics with failure of argon laser trabeculoplasty ( ALT ) and trabeculectomy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Global assessments were also made at baseline and post-treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Twenty-two subjects ( age 17-25 years , body mass index > 27.5 kg/m ( 2 ) ) were recruited for a 4-week residential camp of weight loss with low caloric intake , and trained at 60-70 % maximal heart rate of aerobics and 40-50 % of maximal strength of training .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Five hundred thirty-three consecutive patients undergoing their first IVF-ET treatment cycle at King 's Assisted Conception Unit between 1993 and 1995 were included in this study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Whether HAM was placed as the second or third therapy block was of minor importance .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: During the intervention period , the permissive-underfeeding group received fewer mean ( SD ) calories than did the standard-feeding group ( 835297 kcal per day vs. 1299467 kcal per day , P < 0.001 ; 4614 % vs. 7122 % of caloric requirements , P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: both groups were seen at 3-monthly intervals to assess progress , measure physical capacity and maintain enthusiasm .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Lapse to opiate use after initiation of buprenorphine treatment is common and is a strong predictor of poor treatment retention and increased risk of long-term opiate use .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Respectively 3 % and 13 % of patients stopped treatment early during objective response ( toxicity or refusal ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were examined daily for 7 days , and at 1 and 3 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Statistical significance ( p < 0.05 ) was determined using an unpaired t-test for age , weight , height , and duration of anesthesia ; a chi-square test was used to analyze the incidence of vomiting .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At 12 weeks after stent implantation , the lipid profile and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( hs-CRP ) improved significantly in both groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Chi-square test showed that the therapeutic effect of acupuncture was significantly superior to that of medication group ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Here , we evaluated efficacy of daily brain-machine interface ( BMI ) training to increase the hypothesized beneficial effects of physiotherapy alone in patients with severe paresis in a double-blind sham-controlled design proof of concept study .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Colds during pregnancy were associated with adverse maternal and pregnancy outcomes .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Further research will determine whether increased participation leads to better outcome among patients who received incentives .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: During double-blind treatment , the difference in the percentage of patients achieving the primary end point ( modified American College of Rheumatology ( ACR ) 20 response at 6 months ) was not significant between groups ( 48.2 % v 30.6 % ; p = 0.072 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Diabetes was present in 31 % of patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In this 52-week trial , adalimumab was more effective than placebo at inhibiting the progression of structural joint damage , reducing the signs and symptoms , and improving physical function in patients with active RA who had demonstrated an incomplete response to MTX .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This study compared sirolimus-eluting stents ( SES ) and paclitaxel-eluting stents ( PES ) for long coronary lesions .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Color-coded , computer-assisted specular microscopy was used for special cell analysis after 1 year .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The pharmacokinetic study in 40 persons showed comparable characteristics of CFC and HFApMDIs , with good dose-proportionality , at doses of 400 , 800 and 1,600 microg .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Duration of action of succinylcholine was defined as the time to 90 % recovery of first twitch in train-of-four ( T ( 1 ) 90 % ) , BChE activity was determined , and the presence of BCHE K and A ( atypical ) variants were determined using DNA analysis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Vascular expression of the B1 kinin receptor is markedly upregulated with left ventricular dysfunction and angiotensin-converting enzyme ( ACE ) inhibition , but its function remains unclear .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The distribution of minimal inhibitory concentrations of rifabutin among the isolates of M. avium complex did not differ significantly between the treatment groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The data for women indicate that WC location is important when determining CVD risk .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: All of them developed TFSI during hospitalization and at the same time they were assigned at random to one of the following groups : G-control ( n = 40 ) , without treatment ; G-topical ( n = 40 ) , diclofenac emulsion gel used in a topical way on the concerned area every 8 hours during 48 hours ; G-oral ( n = 40 ) , diclofenac 75 mg p.o. every 12 hours during 48 hours .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The reported prevalence of STD symptoms in the past 6 months was significantly reduced in the intervention compared to control schools ( OR = 0.68 , 95 % CI = 0.48-0 .95 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Randomized , multicenter trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Cold water immersion was associated with a likely greater quality of sleep on day 2 [ 30.0 % ( 2.7 ; 64.6 ) ] , very likely on day 3 [ 31.0 % ( 5.0 ; 63.1 ) ] and likely on day 4 [ 38.6 % ( 11.4 ; 72.4 ) ] when compared with CON .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: One hundred and eight patients were enrolled in this study and randomized to be withdrawn from CsA ( MMF group , n = 54 ) or MMF ( CsA group , n = 54 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The DT reconstruction is as simple as the R-Y , and it can be safely performed even after total gastrectomy .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This effect was accounted for principally by a significant difference in the mean Verbal Comprehension Index score ( P < .008 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of add-on insulin glargine versus rosiglitazone in insulin-nave patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on dual oral therapy with sulfonylurea plus metformin .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Methylprednisolone has less effect upon blood glucose than dexamethasone .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Higher protein diets are promoted for effective weight loss .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Some studies report greater muscle hypertrophy during resistance exercise ( RE ) training from supplement timing ( i.e. , the strategic consumption of protein and carbohydrate before and/or after each workout ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Some patients with photosensitivity disorders are sensitive to visible radiation .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: clinicaltrials.gov identifier : NCT00943280 .\n\nLabels: 0\n<Assistant>I've successfully recorded all of this data.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-04 00:00]\n<User>The following are classification training examples with labels:\n\nSample: In the Sahel region , seasonal malaria chemoprevention ( SMC ) is now recommended for the prevention of malaria in children .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: No studies have compared the treatment effect of aminolevulinic acid-PDT ( ALA-PDT ) and methyl aminolevulinate-PDT ( MAL-PDT ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: PLMA intracuff pressure increased significantly during 50 % NO anesthesia .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: OCR 200 mg and 500 mg with MTX in MTX-naive patients with RA were effective in inhibiting joint damage progression and improving RA signs and symptoms .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis muscle were taken at rest and 1 and 48 h after five sets of 10-repetition leg press RE both before and after 21 wk of supervised ST.\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: 405 CHB patients in Guangdong Provincial Hospital were randomly divided into 2 groups , 220 in the treated group , and 185 in the control group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: An exploratory two-armed parallel randomised controlled trial with a nested process evaluation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Demographic data , comorbids and medication of both the groups was comparable .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To increase its potential for translation into the clinic , we studied the effects of Bbeta15-42 in pigs , whose coronary anatomy is similar to that of humans .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: With sequential models to control for possible confounders ( dietary , other ) , linear regression analyses showed significant inverse relationship of total monounsaturated fatty acid intake with DBP for all participants ; for 2238 ` nonintervened ' individuals , the relationship was stronger .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Interestingly , an increased mortality was also observed among those with QRS 90-119 ms and concomitant HF .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: NIV alone is better than supplemental oxygen alone in promoting beneficial physiologic adaptations to physical exercise in patients with severe COPD .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Failure of selective decontamination to prevent secondary gram-negative pancreatic infection with subsequent death was seen in only three patients ( 6 % ) and transient gram-negative pancreatic infection was seen in one ( 2 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary outcome measure was the Assisting Hand Assessment ( AHA ) and the secondary outcome variables were the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure ( COPM ) and stereognosis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The program could be adequately utilized for improvement of health related quality of life in chronic lung patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In postmenopausal women with coronary artery disease , conjugated equine estrogen with or without continuous administration of medroxyprogesterone acetate has failed to slow the progression of atherosclerosis .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: In V-HeFT , heart failure with mild systolic dysfunction was associated with different characteristics and a more favorable prognosis than heart failure with more severe systolic dysfunction .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The VAS scores were significantly different before and after treatment in abdominal acupuncture TENS group ( P < 0.01 ) ; the total effective rate of the transient analgesic effec t was 96.7 % in the abdominal acupuncture TENS group , 93.3 % in the acupoints TENS group , 96.7 % in the EA group with no significant difference among the 3 groups , but with a very significant difference between the abdominal acupuncture TENS group and the non-abdominal acupunctureTENS group ( 10.0 % ) , P < 0.01 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No death had a causal relationship with the study drug .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Treatment failure occurred in 46.3 % ( 95 % CI , 34 % -59 % ) of the salmeterol-minus group 8 weeks after triamcinolone therapy was eliminated compared with 13.7 % ( 95 % CI , 5 % -22 % ) of the salmeterol-plus group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The success of the first attempt insertion was higher for the LMAS .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A computerized test battery was administered at baseline , on day 1 after administration of the initial dose , and on days 3 and 5 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Within each MST training session ( three times per week for 8 wk ) , patients performed four sets of seated leg presses with a focus on the rate of force development at an intensity that only allowed the performance of five repetitions .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The herbal medicine consisted of ingredients that may enhance cognitive and emotional functions in an extreme environment .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: We aimed to investigate the effect of a low-glycemic index ( LGI ) versus a conventional high-fiber diet on pregnancy outcomes , neonatal anthropometry , and maternal metabolic profile in GDM .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In group II , the post-strategy showed difference in the global results .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Overall YMDD mutation rate was 13.7 % at week 52 and 39.7 % at week 104 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We discovered a sensitive period , < 4 months of age , when exposure to the flavor of extensively hydrolyzed protein hydrolysate formulas ( ePHF ) determines its hedonic tone .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: AMGN-0007 caused a rapid , sustained , dose-dependent decrease in NTX/creatinine levels , which was at least comparable to the profile observed with pamidronate .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No adjuvant hormone therapy was used .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>I've successfully recorded all of this data.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-05 00:00]\n<User>Here are categorized examples with their respective labels:\n\nSample: On day 30 , the difference between the 2 groups in OSS lost significance ; however , there continued to be significant differences in the OSDI , TBUT , and HLA-DR expression between the 2 groups ( P < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There is evidence to suggest that Ledermix , placed as an intervisit root canal dressing , might improve periodontal healing after replantation of avulsed teeth .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Group B patients also maintained better overall respiratory and cardiovascular functions .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The SOD and IL-2 reductions were correlated with the reductions in PANSS total score , and SOD reductions also correlated with positive subscore reductions .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The efficacy and tolerability of OXC versus placebo were investigated in 50 inpatients during a 6-day treatment of alcohol withdrawal in a 4-site , double-blind , randomized , placebo-controlled pilot study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A prospective , randomized , double-blind study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was a trend toward improved total work in the second ( P = 0.08 ) , but not first , half of the IST after the ingestion of NaHCO3 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Sixty male subjects were divided into experimental group and control group randomly .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Both unilateral and bilateral balloon kyphoplasty resulted in significant pain reduction and back dysfunction improvement and remained unchanged at final follow-up .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The number of proximal anastomoses varied between 1 and 3 per patient .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship of baseline pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure to mortality in patients with left ventricular dysfunction .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The difference between the candesartan and placebo group was not significant with the pre-planned non-parametric ranking test , but a post-hoc exact Poisson test , which takes into account the temporal properties of the data , revealed a significant result ( P < 0.0001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , BMI showed a tendency to increase in the increased-risk group , while there was a decrease in all measurements in the high-risk group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Primary and secondary outcomes will be assessed four weeks after screening .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Implementation and evaluation studies are recommended .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The cumulative gross rate for pregnancy was 1.3 and the Pearl index at 5 years was 0.425 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Multivariate generalized estimating equation analysis was used to analyze the association with knee pain .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: DESIGN , SETTING , AND PATIENTS The Deprenyl and Tocopherol Antioxidative Therapy of Parkinsonism ( DATATOP ) cohort is a well-characterized cohort of subjects with early , nondisabling PD .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Renal function was similar in both groups .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The primary endpoint was change from baseline at week 24 in glycated haemoglobin ( HbA1c ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Agreement was assessed by determination of the intraclass correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman analysis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Recruited were 40 type I and II MG patients from clinics and wards of the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2009 to June 2011 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The results of this study are limited by lack of a placebo group .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Six obstetric departments in the Copenhagen area .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: More patients receiving placebo stopped the trial prematurely because of an adverse event than in any candesartan cilexetil group , and there was no excess of deaths in any treatment group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A case of Budd-Chiari syndrome-ie , a thrombotic venous outflow obstruction of the liver-occurred after 1 month of exposure in a patient with underlying hypercoagulability who received 0.6 mg laquinimod .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: They completed baseline measures and then viewed either the Living ACTS or control video .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Compared with adults without type 2 diabetes mellitus , those with the disease experience more limitations in their physical functioning ( PF ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Two paediatricians who are on the clinic staff used the same script when talking to parents while showing the same photos and dental model to assure symmetry .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Apples are among the most commonly consumed fruits and were chosen for a comprehensive 5 4 weeks dietary crossover study to assess the effects of whole apples ( 550 g/day ) , apple pomace ( 22 g/day ) , clear and cloudy apple juices ( 500 ml/day ) , or no supplement on lipoproteins and blood pressure in a group of 23 healthy volunteers .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Data regarding demographic , hemodynamic , pain scores , adverse effects , and need for supplemental analgesia were registered in a 36-hr follow-up period .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Pure pea starch elicited less hyperglycaemia ( minus 47 % ) , hyperinsulinaemia ( minus 54 % ) , and C-peptide secretion ( minus 37 % ) as compared to cornstarch ( p < 0.05 ) , while the responses to modified versus unmodified corn starch were similar ( 8 subjects , n.s. ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , the itching score was significantly lower in the olopatadine group from the second day through to the end of the study ( p < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Treatment failure rate was considerably lower and time to treatment failure was longer in the amphetamine group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Median follow-up was 88 years ( IQR 81-97 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The effects of 12 weeks of treatment , consisting of an educational component and a training program , on physical activity , pain , and muscle function were evaluated after 3 and 12 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Based on assessment of clinical and laboratory adverse experiences , single doses of 800 mg vorinostat were generally well tolerated .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The study determined lipoprotein profiles and blood pressure and medication use annually .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were few differences in circulating maternal and neonatal markers of metabolic status and no differences in measures of anthropometry between the offspring of women treated with metformin and the offspring of women treated with insulin .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The incidence of DGE showed no statistically significant differences between the OF group ( 10 % ) and the non-OF group ( 40 % ) ( p = 0.065 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In previous pilot work with the existing intervention , called `` Teen Club , '' it was found that participants in group meetings and intensive case management reported an enhanced ability to connect with positive resources .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: In simple terms , the intervention increased mindfulness and decreased procrastination , which was related to lower stress levels .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The trial was conducted between May and November 2009 and 2010 on a university-owned farm in Iowa .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Age , sex , previous history , neurologic severity , and the need for mechanical ventilation , as assessed on inclusion in the study , did not modify the risk of adverse effects .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Several indexes were analyzed , including ocular surface irritation symptom , tear film stability , surgical complication , and recurrence rate .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A Multivariate Analysis of Covariance ( MANCOVA ) was performed with adjustment for potential confounding variables .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Ninety-four Japanese patients in the AVAGAST study and 50 in the ToGA study received XP alone .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The postoperative results in the MICS group were comparable to those in the SICS group .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Sham acupuncture at an adjacent site induced neither activation nor deactivation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Turbinate reduction through submucosal diathermy during primary rhinoseptoplasty did not improve short-term general and specific quality-of-life outcomes and acoustic rhinometry recordings .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients who had received multifocal IOLs rated their vision without glasses better overall at near and at intermediate distances ( P < or = 0.002 ) and demonstrated better visual function for near tasks and social activities .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Safe operative delivery is now a priority and a reality for many pregnant women .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Bulbar conjunctival injection ( primary sign ) and itching ( primary symptom ) over the first 2 weeks of treatment was measured .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Appreciated. I'll retain these important details.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-06 00:00]\n<User>The following are classification training examples with labels:\n\nSample: There was no significant difference between the two groups in perioperative blood losses ( AP , 6200 [ 4620-8735 ] mL ; TA , 5945 [ 4495-8527 ] mL ; median [ range ] ) or in RBC transfusions requirements ( AP , 9 [ 6.75-15 .25 ] units ; TA , 10 [ 6.5-13 .5 ] units ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: If Qishe Pill can alleviate neck pain without adverse effects , it may be a unique strategy for the treatment of cervical radiculopathy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Progesterone > 1.5 ng/mL and P/E ( 2 ) > 0.55 affect the CPR in women undergoing cleavage-stage , but not blastocyst ET .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The 2-stopwatch method was used to determine time to confirmed perceptible pain relief .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Although the self-assessment of the students did not change significantly , assessors ' ratings increased significantly for videotaped interviews at the second time .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 139 ( 85 % ) completed follow-up .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In patients requiring FP250 bid for asthma stability , FP100/salmeterol bid was steroid-sparing , allowing a 60 % reduction in the FP dose while maintaining overall asthma control .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Serious adverse events were reported in 358 [ 46 % ] patients receiving orteronel plus prednisone and in 292 [ 38 % ] patients receiving placebo plus prednisone .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The pregnancy rate of patients with embryos scoring > or = 70 using the combined scoring system ( 66.7 % ) was significantly higher ( P < 0.001 ) than that of patients with embryos scoring > or = 20 using the cumulative embryo score ( 59.0 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Retention cuff pressure study of 3 indwelling stool management systems was a randomized , crossover , open-label pilot study of 10 healthy adult volunteers in 3 body positions ( supine , right side , and left side ) , 3 head-of-bed elevations ( 20 , 30 , and 40 ) , and 3 cuff overfill volumes ( 5 , 10 , and 15 mL ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Further controlled trials are warranted .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The latter comprised of tibial somatosensory evoked potential ( SEP ) and motor evoked potential ( MEP ) study to tibialis anterior .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The study population comprised thirty healthy adults .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Primary outcome was the memory self-efficacy measure of the Metamemory in Adulthood Questionnaire ( MSE ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The scoring atopic dermatitis ( SCORAD ) instrument and visual analogue scale ( VAS ) for pruritus were used to assess disease severity in 349 AD patients .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Mild application site reactions were the most common treatment-emergent adverse event reported with topical diclofenac .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The 90 % confidence intervals ( CI ) of geometric mean ratio ( GMR ) of log transformed Cmax , AUC0-t , and AUC0 - after single dose showed no DDI and claimed BE .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Serum samples were tested for anti-HPV antibodies using competitive Luminex immunoassay .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patient groups were well matched in terms of age , sex , time on waiting list , anaesthetic risk score , and operating grade of surgeon .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To compare oxytocin plus ergometrine against oxytocin alone , when administered as part of the active management of the 3rd stage of labor , in terms of postpartum hemorrhage and manual removal of the placenta .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Men in the exercise group had significant mean + / - SD decreases in weight ( 5.2 + / - 4.7 kg ) , body mass index ( calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters ) ( 1.6 + / - 1.4 ) , and fat mass ( 4.9 + / - 4.4 kg ) compared with controls .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: LBCUV and laparoscopic supracervical amputation followed by trachelectomy reduce operating time and blood loss in LAVH , and allow conversion of many abdominal procedures to laparoscopy .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients reported current pain intensity twice daily ( 11-point numerical rating scale ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: None of the baseline characteristics we evaluated were found to be associated with resolution .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After treatment , all subscores in the GCS improved in the tibolone and CEE/MPA groups ( p < 0.01 ) , except the sexual subscore in the CEE/MPA group , compared with baseline .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In addition , after all the subjects had recovered from the cold , oxymetazoline had no significant main effect on olfactory/trigeminally mediated sensations .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients with grade two or three of medial knee OA were randomly allocated to group one who received an in shoe lateral wedge and group two who underwent acupuncture .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This study assessed the reliability and accuracy of four CT-based methods for measurement of rotational malreduction of the fibula .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: At 6 months , no statistically significant effect was found in the maximal flow rate ( 0.9 mL/s , 95 % CI -0.4 to 2.2 ) compared with placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: On day 2 , the subjects returned to the laboratory , 2 - 3 h postprandial , to perform a 40 km time trial ( TT ) on the Velotron cyclePro ergometer .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To reevaluate the efficacy of induction of ovulation with CC versus TMX in a group of anovulatory subfertile women with PCOS in a randomized controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The apoE phenotype of 846 of the infants was determined ; serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations were measured at 7 and 13 months of age ; and nutrient intakes were analyzed using 3-day food records at 8 and 13 months of age .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We aimed to assess in patients with congestive heart failure whether dual inhibition of neutral endopeptidase and angiotensin-converting enzyme ( ACE ) with the vasopeptidase inhibitor omapatrilat is better than ACE inhibition alone with lisinopril on functional capacity and clinical outcome .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This study aims to assess the validity of this technique with a randomized placebo-controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The QuBE program provides a practical , freely available computer-assisted assessment of myocardial perfusion .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Few studies have directly compared dietary assessment methods to determine the best approach to estimating intakes of fish and its component nutrients , including DHA , and toxicants , including methylmercury .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Similarly , interrater reliability was acceptable for each subscale .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , some patients are unable to chew the tablets .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: However , no placebo-controlled treatment studies of BDD have been published .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Compared with the conventional therapy group , the lipo-PGE ( 1 ) group achieved significant reduction of SPAP ( 10.4 + / - 10.3 mm Hg vs 2.2 + / - 5.6 mm Hg , p = 0.002 ) and a significant elevation of exercise capacity ( 1.5 + / - 0.9 MET vs 0.6 + / - 1.1 MET , p = 0.018 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary end point was the treatment outcome score 4 hours after study-drug administration .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Ongoing pregnancies occurred after both LA - and hCG-stimulated cycles .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Cathodal tDCS to M1nonlesioned significantly improved affected hand dexterity ( by 1.1 points on the Purdue pegboard unimanual test , P = 0.014 ) and selective attention ( 0.6 secs faster response time on the level 3 Stroop interference test for response inhibition , P = 0.017 ) , but not pinch strength .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was a highly significant decrease ( median Alutard SQ v median placebo ( 95 % confidence interval for difference between medians ] in total symptom scores ( p = 0.001 ) in the Alutard SQ treated group ( 360 v 928 ( 238 to 825 ] .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Eczema severity improved for both groups during the trial .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study evaluated the importance of symptoms in the BFQ from a patient perspective .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Administration of a dose of tobramycin did not demonstrate its clinical benefit in treatment of acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis treated by oral ciprofloxacin .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To investigate whether treatment according to an evidence-based algorithm is an effective and applicable concept for the management of AE .\n\nLabels: 3\n<Assistant>Sure I will remember them.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-07 00:00]\n<User>Here are some examples with classification labels to remember:\n\nSample: Interexaminer reliabilities for the 3 examiners ranged from 0.97 to 0.99 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: With conventional 8 h intermittent dosing to patients with normal renal function , plasma ceftazidime concentrations could fall below the target concentration but this would be unlikely with a constant infusion .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To evaluate the effect of an aluminum - and magnesium-containing antacid ( Al-Mg antacid ) , which contains a high concentration of cations , on the pharmacokinetics of garenoxacin .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: 181 patients awaiting knee arthroplasty .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We retrospectively evaluated 100 whole-body PET-CT scans .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The population comprised 546 women ( mean age , 37.6 years ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The treatment was easily integrated with existing routine preoperative procedures .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: One hundred and fifty-four haemodialysis ( HD ) patients from a previous randomized anaemia management study were followed up for up to 6 years .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Subjects completed visual analog scales for well-being , including relaxation and peacefulness , at warm-up ; postcontrol ; immediately postintervention ; and after the postintervention rest and were asked about what they and the practitioner had done during each study period .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These data suggest that SBP hypertension should be part of inclusion criteria to increase enrollment and reduce the rate of screening termination , and that 1-week placebo screening is necessary and sufficient to minimize inclusion of transiently hypertensive subjects .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A total of 274 evaluable subjects entered the double-blind treatment phase ; 93 received placebo and 181 received escitalopram .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: When the patients were on their usual diets , a strong correlation was found between the omega-3 index based on RBCs and plasma.In the group consuming the fish oil-enriched spread , the omega-3 index based on both RBCs and plasma was significantly higher after 3 weeks of intervention .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients > 18 years of age requiring conscious sedation for a painful procedure expected to last < 20 minutes were eligible for inclusion in the study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Significantly fewer PPCM-Br patients ( n = 1 , 10 % ) experienced the composite end point of poor outcome defined as death , New York Heart Association functional class III/IV , or left ventricular ejection fraction < 35 % at 6 months compared with the PPCM-Std patients ( n = 8 , 80 % ; P = 0.006 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Data for patients unsuitable for randomization ( n = 58 ) and those who declined to participate ( n = 88 ) were also analyzed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: General awareness of smoking prevention TV messages was slightly higher over time in the intervention areas .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The following variables were significantly associated with the time of recurrence ; frequency of antifungal therapy ( P = 0.011 ) , total lymphocyte ( P = 0.017 ) , alcohol consumption ( P = 0.043 ) , and candidiasis on gingiva ( P = 0.048 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Inhaled anti-inflammatory medications , such as budesonide ( BUD ) , are well tolerated .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The effectiveness of the cPAQ showed a significantly shorter assessment time compared to the manual paper-administered questionnaire in adolescents ( p < 0.001 ) and the majority of participants ( 93 % ) accepted the overall appearance of this new cPAQ .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The benefit of reminders , however , declined throughout the course of the study , even though the reminders remained active .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The innovative educational game format was as effective as standard lecture in educating students about ectopic pregnancy , while being more enjoyable and stimulating .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This prospective randomised study included 37 patients treated with hemiarthroplasty for four-part fractures , fracture dislocations and head-splitting fractures .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The study showed that low dose spinal bupivacaine either alone or in combination with fentanyl is safe for labour analgesia , but the combination f bupivacaine with fentanyl provided much more prolonged pain relief\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Low-dose prednisolone may inhibit progression of joint destruction by interfering with MMP activity , seen as a marked decrease in 1CTP , as well as by impairing osteoclast activation , shown by a stable OPG/RANKL ratio .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This randomized , placebo-controlled , double-blind study evaluated the effects of intraoperative intravenous tramadol on postoperative shivering and pain after remifentanil-based general anaesthesia .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: We found substantial heterogeneity of the treatment effect of prasugrel ( mean absolute reduction in the ischemia risk with prasugrel = 1.53.0 % , ranging from an 8.4 % increased risk to a 31.2 % reduction in risk for ischemia compared with clopidogrel ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: For PSA values of 0-3 .9 ng/mL , the positive predictive value and sensitivity of DRE , tumor volume , and tumor grade were strongly dependent on PSA level .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We sought to define the crude prevalence rate of the persistent median artery ( PMA ) ( palmar type ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: According to TnT peak levels 3 subgroups were identified : Subgroup 1 ( TnT peak < than 1 ng/ml ) ; Subgroup 2 ( TnT peak between 1 and 3 ng/ml ) , Subgroup 3 ( TnT peak > 3 ng/ml ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The MD group was the least to develop PONV compared to other groups ( p < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Support persons in the telehealth condition showed a large and significant increase in knowledge about prognosis compared with those in the usual care condition ( p = .036 , d = 1.94 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients with duodenal ulcer bleeding and confirmed H. pylori infection were recruited .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This randomized clinical trial assessed whether preoperative MBP is beneficial in elective colonic surgery .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Patients were introduced to a unified oral care protocol and asked to apply propolis or placebo to vestibular mucosa twice daily .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Morphine sulfate is an effective antitussive in intractable chronic cough at the doses of 5 to 10 mg twice daily .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Unfortunately , the device trial was stopped to further enrollment when liner fractures were reported .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The main measurement of results will be the increase in the level of physical activity from the base measurement to those at 3 , 6 , 12 and 24 months , using 7-day physical activity recall .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients with malignancy sometimes develop painful mucositis and require patient-controlled analgesia ( PCA ) to treat their pain .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Every patient was supplemented with 500 mg of calcium per day .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>I've captured all of this valuable information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-08 00:00]\n<User>Please study these classification instances and their labels:\n\nSample: The records of inpatients and outpatients with PPI prescriptions were retrieved from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database between 2000 and 2009 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We focused our attention on ICAM-1 because it is the natural ligand of leukocyte functional associated antigen-1 and Mac-1 , expressed on eosinophils .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No statistically significant difference was found in the daily median pain score throughout the first postoperative week .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Women in the decision-aided group had higher knowledge and lower risk-perception scores about both methods , more positive attitudes about the medical method , lower decisional conflict , more stable evaluations of the decision information over time and higher perceived usefulness of information ratings .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: All control subjects underwent overnight polysomnography to exclude the existence of occult OSA .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At study inception in January 2009 , 149 sites were randomized : 76 to the intervention arm , and 73 to the control arm .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Two hundred and thirty patients with variceal hemorrhage were included in two previous randomized trials performed to compare the efficacy of medication ( nadolol plus isosorbide mononitrate , n = 115 ) versus endoscopic treatment ( n = 115 ) with sclerotherapy or ligation for the prevention of rebleeding .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: However , sinusoid current gave weak reproducibility .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In addition , all participants received their 40-minute sessions of regular physical therapy every weekday as part of their treatment by the hospital .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Comorbidity was common ( current : 57.3 % ; lifetime : 78.4 % ) , with multiple current comorbidities in 29.8 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This international study included 54 centers in 14 countries .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The proportion of completely evaluable patients did not differ significantly for any of the 11 regions , but a large nominal difference occurred for the gallbladder ( 45/66 ( 73 % ) fasting versus 34/64 ( 56 % ) non-fasting patients , p = 0.051 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Thus , nitric oxide may play a pivotal role in a temperature dependent regulation of systemic vascular resistance in cardiopulmonary bypass .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Three factors mixed-design with 1 between-subject and 2 within-subject factors .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Effective operating theatre ( OT ) communication is important for team function and patient safety .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: We report a comparison of the symptomatic responses to therapy with tiaprofenic acid , indomethacin and placebo over 5 yr .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: In all patients pain occurred earlier ( 176 + / - 125 vs 343 + / - 207 s , p = 0.005 ) and its severity was greater ( 51 mm , range 20-95 , vs 27 mm , range 0-69 , p = 0.002 ) during infusion at the proximal site .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Secondary outcome measures included all-cause mortality , cardiac mortality , nonfatal myocardial infarction , and stroke .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The study was terminated early after a prespecified interim analysis ( which included 50 percent of the planned number of patients ) found a higher rate of pregnancy among women undergoing transfer of a single blastocyst-stage embryo ( P = 0.02 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: They will not have responded adequately to previous treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To assess the safety of 2 intermittent treatment strategies compared with continuous therapy for patients with virologic suppression on highly active antiretroviral therapy ( HAART ) at baseline .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In this context , the most sensitive parameter would be a determination of Hb mass itself .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: A total of 163 patients with a previously untreated radiopaque calculus in the upper ureter measuring at least 5 mm underwent stratified block randomization according to stone size , and shock wave lithotripsy at 60 or 120 shocks per minute .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Antenatal phenobarbital and repetitive antenatal corticosteroid therapy was not associated with adverse effects on intelligence , achievement , behavior , or head circumference at age 7 years .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Study participants were randomized to : Usual Care ( UC ; quarterly visits with their primary care provider ) ; Brief Lifestyle Counseling ( BLC ; quarterly provider visits plus monthly weight loss counseling visits ) or Enhanced Brief Lifestyle Counseling ( EBLC ; all above interventions , plus choice of meal replacements or weight loss medication ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: And there was significant difference between two groups ( chi2 = 4.530 , upsilon = 1 , P = 0.033 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 76 surgical patients were investigated after institutional review board approval .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This lack of effectiveness may be attributable to inadequate sample size , doses , and duration of study treatment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Educational meetings , combined with peer support and access to an outpatient clinic , were effective in reducing sick leave in public sector employees .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Stimulation of epinephrine secretion at normal or elevated plasma glucose levels appears to be the primary mechanism of protection against hypoglycemia in this study .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In this two-centre , double-blind , placebo-controlled , randomized , parallel-groups comparative study , 60 patients were randomly assigned to receive either the 15 ( R/S ) - methyl-lipoxin A ( 4 ) cream , mometasone furoate ( Eloson , Schering-Plough , Shanghai , China ) or placebo for 10days .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were no significant differences in side effects between the alternatives .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: ERG expression was not associated with age , baseline PSA , Gleason score , or tumor volume .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Secondary outcomes favoring RBT were : Lifestyle subscale of the FIQL ( 0.37 ; 95 % CI : 0.02-0 .73 ; P = 0.04 ) , GPE ( -1.01 ; 95 % CI : -1.75 to -0.27 ; P = 0.008 ) , maximum tolerable volume ( 49.35 ; 95 % CI : 13.26-85 .44 ; P = 0.009 ) , and external anal sphincter fatigue ( 0.65 ; 95 % CI : 0.26-1 .04 ; P = 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Intubation scores for rocuronium and succinylcholine groups were similar , and both scores were superior to that for the atracurium group ( p = 0.002 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: CNS disease included meningeal disease or CNS parenchymal masses with or without cranial neuropathies ( CSF + / Mass ; CNPs ) in 36 patients and isolated CNPs in 13 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: It was possible to achieve excellent results with this technique in a general surgical unit .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients aged over 18 years with suspected ACNES were randomized to receive an injection of 10 ml 1 per cent lidocaine or saline into the point of maximal abdominal wall pain just beneath the anterior fascia of the rectus abdominis muscle .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This type of hypertension is thought to be a transient phenomenon not solely related to sympathetic activation and catecholamine surge but also possibly encompassing other physiologic factors .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Racial variation in follow-through diagnostic care may underlie a proportion of the known disparity in prostate cancer mortality .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Controls received saline instead of lidocaine .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Sodium cromoglycate administered both by inhalation and intranasally is an effective treatment for the symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A decreased content of n-3 fatty acids in erythrocyte membrane of type 1 diabetic patients , which is inversely related to plasma levels of HbA ( 1c ) , has been reported previously .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Smokeless tobacco users , ages 18-65 , were randomly assigned in a double-blind fashion to 2-mg nicotine or placebo gum .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the second year , after the third injection , 16 vaccine recipients and 66 placebo recipients contracted definite Lyme disease ( P < 0.001 ) ; vaccine efficacy was 76 percent ( 95 percent confidence interval , 58 to 86 percent ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Developing a better understanding of if , and when , patients need care at a general hospital is an urgent challenge , as the proportion of general hospital beds being occupied by older patients is continuously increasing .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Eighty-one participants completed the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The concentrations of albumin , prealbumin , and transferrin were similar in all groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The results of this randomized controlled study indicate that the first ophthalmic review after uneventful cataract surgery can be safely deferred until 2 weeks postoperatively in patients in whom a transient IOP spike would not be deemed clinically deleterious .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>Understood. I'll keep these facts for future reference.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-09 00:00]\n<User>The following are classification examples with their corresponding labels:\n\nSample: We measured CT-ProVasopressin and sodium levels in a prospective cohort of 873 pneumonia patients from a previous multicentre study with 27 patients having positive antigen tests for Legionella pneumophila .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Because recent data on the effects of mineral concentrations in preterm infant formula on bone mineralization are lacking , recommendations for the mineral content of preterm infant formula differ greatly between committees .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The difference in the percentage of subjects with at least one mucosal injury post-treatment was also not significant ( control 63 % ; rebamipide 47 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We sought to determine if wound eversion , achieved with interrupted subcuticular sutures , improves aesthetic outcome compared with planar closures .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: University campus .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Using the appropriateness use criteria , we identified substantial underutilization and overutilization of coronary revascularization in contemporary clinical practice .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The patients with known diabetes had a 2-fold higher odds of CKD or CVD .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Ninety-seven subjects were recruited within 6 weeks of stroke onset and were randomly assigned to conventional rehabilitative treatment plus gait training with body weight support on a treadmill ( experimental group ; n = 52 ) and conventional treatment with overground gait training only ( control group ; n = 45 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the low-frequency TENS group , there was a statistically significant decrease in the perceived pain intensity and pain-specific activation of the contralateral primary sensory cortex , bilateral caudal anterior cingulate cortex , and of the ipsilateral supplementary motor area .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were divided into weight quartiles according to their baseline weight in kilograms : 46 - < 64 , 64 - < 72 , 72 - < 89 , 89-159 ( pounds-102 - < 140 , 140 - < 159 , 159 - < 196 , 196-350 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To assess the incidence , cofactors , and excess risk of development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease , including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis , attributable to tamoxifen in women .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In addition , healthcare practitioners are recommended to take into account potential cognitive impairments of patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Such changes may be useful in predicting the efficacy of medications designed to reduce drug consumption .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To determine the effects of levonorgestrel ( LNG ) on serum androgens , sex hormone-binding globulin ( SHBG ) , hair shaft diameter , and sexual function in women .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Further studies are required to optimize treatment and to assess pregnancy rate and outcome .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To examine the effect of 64 % nitrous oxide ( N2O ) on halothane ( HAL ) , isoflurane ( ISO ) or sevoflurane ( SEV ) requirements in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Immunochemotherapy with rituximab and cyclophosphamide , doxorubicin , vincristine , and prednisone ( R-CHOP ) has become the standard of care for elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: A significant reduction in thyroid volume was observed after ( 131 ) I , with a mean decrease of 47.2 % ( median 48.2 % ) at 24 months , without differences between the groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: On the CGI-Improvement scale , scores for venlafaxine XR ( both dosages ) and buspirone were numerically superior to those for placebo at all time points , and statistical significance was observed at weeks 3 , 4 , 6 , and 8 for venlafaxine XR and at weeks 6 and 8 for buspirone .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Index score of clinical memory scale in senile healthy people was significantly higher than that in MCI patients before treatment ( P < 0.01 ) , and the content of AchE , IL-1alpha and IL-6 was obviously lower ( P < 0.01 , P < 0.05 ) , the activity of SOD was higher ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: VIP was measured by radioimmunoassay .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Central reader agreement for grade 3/4 intraventricular hemorrhage ( IVH ) , grade 3/4 IVH or periventricular leukomalacia ( PVL ) , grade of IVH , and degree of ventriculomegaly was very good ( kappa = 0.84 , 0.81 , 0.79 , and 0.75 , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with ischemia-reperfusion injury to multiple organs .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Similarly , it also resulted in significantly higher area under the curve clinical attachment level gain at 0-6 months ( p < 0.01 ) , CAL gain and greater reduction in probing depth at the third and the sixth month than that with - TCP treatment alone .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The aims of this study were ( 1 ) to analyse the risk factors of seroma formation , and ( 2 ) to evaluate the role of ultrasound scissors in performing axillary dissection in patients with primary breast cancer undergoing mastectomy and breast-conserving surgery .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: We conducted a crossover trial in nine patients with a mean estimated GFR of 32 ml/min to directly compare vegetarian and meat diets with equivalent nutrients prepared by clinical research staff .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Lactulose is effective in secondary prophylaxis of hepatic encephalopathy ( HE ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: No serious AEs occurred .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , symptoms related to graft harvest ( anterior kneeling pain ) were more frequently observed in the bone-patellar tendon-bone group , and unsatisfactory results were correlated with severe kneeling pain in 3 patients from this group ( P = .0056 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Urgent CABG and recent myocardial infarction were excluded .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Children > 7 years of age required repeated sublingual administrations to maintain normoglycemia .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Adverse events ( AE ) included mild to moderate discomfort , ecchymosis , and edema , all of which were transient .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Long-term sertraline treatment was well tolerated , and there were no discontinuations due to changes in vital signs , laboratory values , or electrocardiograms .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Firstly , the affected parts were heavily taped with a plum-blossom needle and then cupping .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The two additional individual chat-counseling sessions in the additional chat condition will be based on the same therapy approaches and tailored to participants ' self-help information data and personal problems .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: On completion , symptom relief favoured omeprazole : 57 % of patients on omeprazole were free of heartburn ( vs. 19 % on placebo ) , 75 % were free of regurgitation ( 47 % ) and 43 % were completely asymptomatic ( 14 % ) , each with P < 0.0001 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Primary effect outcomes were pain-related disability and morale .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The difference in 5-year PFS was 6.2 % ( 95 % CI , 3.0 % to 9.5 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The results suggest , for patients considered eligible for all three treatment options , that EVLA has the highest probability of being cost-effective at accepted thresholds of willingness to pay per QALY .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The 80-kVp protocol had significantly higher quality scores for arterial enhancement , sharpness of the artery , and overall diagnostic quality compared with the 120-kVp protocol .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In animal models , pharmacologic ablation and stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus have resulted in clinical improvement and , in some cases , improved survival of dopaminergic neurons .\n\nLabels: 0\n<Assistant>I've processed this information and will remember it.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-10 00:00]\n<User>Please learn from these labeled classification instances:\n\nSample: Noninvasive continuous positive airway pressure promotes early clinical improvement in elderly patients attending emergency departments for a severe pulmonary edema , but only reduces early 48-h mortality .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Mirtazapine is an a2A antagonist and mixed 5-HT2 / 5-HT3 antagonist that has been proposed as a potential treatment for obstructive sleep apnea ( OSA ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: 346 patients were randomly assigned to receive rilpivirine and 344 to receive efavirenz and received at least one dose of study drug , with 287 ( 83 % ) and 285 ( 83 % ) in the respective groups having a confirmed response at week 48 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Clinical manifestations and uroflowmetry parameters were analysed before and after the therapy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Recall was better than comprehension , and parents performed better than patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Global tolerance was assessed by the investigator and by the patient .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This study aimed to assess the feasibility efficacy of metoclopramide in the treatment of patients with intractable hiccups .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: To compare the efficacy and safety of a regimen of losartan potassium ( losartan ) and a regimen of enalapril maleate ( enalapril ) in a randomized trial of patients with severe hypertension in which the initial treatments were blinded .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: A single blinded study was conducted with 17 dysphagic patients , who received 4 standardized boluses in 2 sequential FEES exams under 2 conditions : non-anesthetized ( decongestant only ) and anesthetized ( lidocaine 4 % + decongestant ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Side effects were not significantly different except for greater thirst in the NaP-45 / 45 group ( P = 0.001 ) and increased vomiting in females using PEG-2L ( two-tailed interaction , P < 0.10 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Up to December 2003 , the subjects had been observed for an average period of 97.1 months ( range 86-121 months ) following withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroids .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The incidence of MRSA pneumonia was 4.8 % in the TMP-SMX group and 36.8 % in the placebo group , showing a significant difference ( p = 0.017 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Group SO : patients received SNB using ( S ) view of SN and out-of-plane ( O ) insertion of the needle .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In severe attacks of UC , methyl-prednisolone given as a continuous infusion was no better than bolus administration in terms of efficacy and safety .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Differences between groups were analyzed using Student t test for independent variables .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Bacteriological relapse rate of 2 years were 5 % , 19 % , 18 % , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The pharmacokinetic profile of cinacalcet was characterized .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To assess the efficacy and safety of intravitreal vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) Trap-Eye in eyes with macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion ( CRVO ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Tolerating 400 ml of clear fluids , no bleeding and no vomiting were accepted as discharge criteria .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Position , tone of the fundus , and vital signs were assessed up to 24 hours after the operation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A 28-week , randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , observational study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The primary efficacy assessments were the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale and the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression ; the secondary efficacy measures included the Clinical Global Impression scale and the Global Assessment of Functioning .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A ` blinded ' , independent reviewer , age-matched controlled , panel photograph study was also undertaken to review results of the surgery .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Urinary silicon and serum markers of bone metabolism were measured at baseline and after 12 weeks and analyzed with two-sided t-tests with p < 0.05 defined as significant .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The effect of DASH dietary pattern on BP differed by genotype at the 2-adrenergic receptor locus .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The OD therapy represents a cost-saving alternative to the continuous treatment strategy with E.\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients with Treatment-Resistant Depression were randomly assigned to two treatment groups to receive either rTMS on BA 9 or on BA 46 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Renal transplant patients were prospectively randomized into an intervention group or a control group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Commonly seen adverse events were fever in 7 ( 8.5 % ) , hypotension in 3 ( 3.6 % ) , nausea in 2 ( 2.4 % ) patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Infants were randomly assigned to receive PCV13 or PCV7 at ages 2 , 4 , and 6 months with other vaccines .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The biosimilar is a recombinant dimeric tumor necrosis factor receptor ( TNFR ) under development for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This prospective , randomized comparison of distal sciatic nerve block with ultrasound guidance tested the hypothesis that intraneural injection of local anesthetics using the nerve stimulation technique is common and associated with a higher success rate .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: They are designed to be sufficiently brief and accessible enough to support a better dialogue between patients and clinicians during routine consultations .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: PATIENTS diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( n = 10 , no withdrawals ) participated in the study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: One hundred consecutive pairs of donor corneas ( 200 eyes ) were randomized to receive either 1 % or 5 % PVP-I drops applied to the conjunctival cul-de-sac , which was left in place for 2 minutes .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To identify which factors , if any , predicted successful placement .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: At end point , the growth velocities of fluticasone propionate-treated patients were within the range of those of placebo-treated patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: SNA , ANB , UL-EP , U1-PP , SN-MP , ANS-Me/N-Me , Wit 's value increased .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Declaration of interest This study was funded by Coloplast A/S .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The most obvious advantage of the minimal invasive technique is the improved cosmesis .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The drug was administered every 4 weeks by infusion along with stable dose of DMARDs .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Pain is expected during noninvasive skin tightening and can be anxiety provoking , especially for those who have not had prior treatments .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Buccal chamfer preparation was carried out for both groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: If results of one or both tests were positive , then venography was done .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No other clinically significant changes were observed in laboratory values , vital signs , or electrocardiograms .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>I've successfully recorded all of this data."]
[{"question": "Sentence: To analyze the outcome of patients with multiple myeloma ( MM ) who were potential candidates for early high-dose therapy ( HDT ) intensification followed by autotransplantation from a series treated with conventional chemotherapy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: We evaluated whether computerized counseling about contraceptive options and screening for contraindications increased women 's subsequent knowledge and use of hormonal contraception .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Furthermore , the mean number of follicles , eggs retrieved , egg quality , fertilization rate , and number of embryos transferred and frozen were similar .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Although it is possible to demonstrate an improvement in early postoperative pain scores with intraoperative ketorolac and better overall ratings of ketorolac both intraoperatively and postoperatively as compared with placebo , the lack of clinically significant differences in analgesic efficacy in the two active study groups indicates the need for a careful consideration by the clinician of the risks versus benefits involved in the administration of antiplatelet medication in the perioperative period .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was no difference in blood glucose and triglyceride levels between the treatment groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Randomised single blinded controlled trial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: After 16 weeks , the patients in the general programme of psychomotor therapy had not increased in cardiorespiratory fitness .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In the group A ( glucagon-insulin therapy only ) , the maximum level in the follow-up interval was statistically higher than that in the pretreatment level ( p < 0.05 ) , whereas there was no significant difference in group B ( treated with combined glucagon-insulin therapy and lipo-PGE1 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: For these purposes , exercise training is recommended for the management of CHF .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The PST-HC group improved significantly , when compared with the control group in only two of eight SF-36 subscales : mental health and emotional role function .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: ALEPREVENT was a phase III , multicenter , randomized , double-blind , trial comparing aleglitazar 150 g or placebo daily in patients with T2D or prediabetes with established , stable CV disease .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Despite promising results for engaging a difficult-to-reach audience , the multimedia program should not be considered a stand-alone intervention or a substitute for communication with physicians .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Mdecins Sans Frontires and the European Commission .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , the increase in context-sensitive half-life of opioids given as a high-dose regimen can affect postoperative respiratory recovery .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The patients in group B were given pulmonary rehabilitation with pursed lip respiration thrice a day , 15 minutes per time for 8 weeks .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Primary endpoint was the complete relief ( i.e. absence ) from epigastric pain after 28 days ' treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: There were no significant differences in age , sex , diabetes mellitus , or baseline serum creatinine level between the 2 groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Both groups exhibited statistically significant improvement in clinical attachment level and probing depth at 3 and 6 months compared to baseline .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The mean arterial blood pressure at the end of induction , pneumoperitoneum inflation , and trocar insertion was significantly decreased in group F compared with group FK ( p < .05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: BI 2536 , a novel Polo-like kinase 1 inhibitor , was assessed in patients with unresectable advanced exocrine adenocarcinoma of the pancreas .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Of 263 patients randomized , 257 were eligible for analysis : HumaPen Memoir 129 , HumaPen Luxura 128 ; mean [ standard deviation ( SD ) ] baseline HbA1c 9.09 % ( 0.99 % ) ; mean ( SD ) age 39.8 ( 16.5 ) years ; 87.9 % 18 years old ; and mean ( SD ) diabetes duration 16.0 ( 11.2 ) years .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Mean patient age was 36 years ( range , 25-58 years ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Lower achieved SBP ( < 144 mm Hg ) is associated with a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality after initial stroke in hypertensive patients during short-term follow-up .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The quality of scan images was evaluated by a radiologist using a five-point scale ( 0 = extremely poor , 5 = excellent ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The primary aim of this study was to establish how cetuximab might be safely and effectively added to intermittent chemotherapy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The factors that influence nocturnal compliance among patients prescribed low flow oxygen therapy were determined and tolerance of nasal cannulae and Venturi face masks compared .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was no significant difference in the general status of the patients and days of ventilation between 2 groups with the averaged score of APACHE II being 20.8 + / - 6.1 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The study described in this protocol will test the effectiveness of web-based CBM in a double blind randomised controlled trial with a 2 ( attention bias retraining : real versus placebo ) x 2 ( alcohol/no-go training : real versus placebo ) x 2 ( approach bias retraining : real versus placebo ) factorial design .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Few adverse effects were observed with this therapeutic approach .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The average decrease of PaCO2 on MPA was -0.8 + / - 0.3 kPa ( P < 0.001 ) and 0.3 + / - 1.0 kPa ( P = 0.007 ) at the 3-week washout .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Clinical Trials : NCT01862913 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Baseline and follow up assessments will be undertaken blind to allocation status .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The likelihood of exclusive breastfeeding cessation was less among Spanish-speaking clients ( adjusted odds ratio : 0.78 ; 95 % CI : 0.68-0 .89 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Serum testosterone levels achieved physiologic levels in the testosterone group and were significantly higher compared with placebo ( P < 0.001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Psychopharmacological treatment is mostly studied with new-generation antipsychotics and has been criticized for adverse side effects .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: From 1990 until recently treatment with 5 - fluorouracil ( 5-FU ) and levamisole ( LEV ) lasting 12 months was recommended as standard treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The diagnosis of HCCs was established histopathologically ( n = 24 ) and by imaging findings ( n = 98 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Extracorporeal circulation can provoke raised plasma levels of endothelin-1 ( ET-1 ) , a very potent vasoconstrictor peptide produced by endothelial cells .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: ( 1 ) Design and Setting -- A randomised-controlled trial of 20 consultant-based maternity units in the West Midlands NHS Region .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: prospective , randomised , controlled trial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: An economic evaluation was conducted alongside a 2-year , pragmatic , randomized controlled trial set in 53 primary-care practices in the UK .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The age at which drug therapy should be started is still controversial , as is the use of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors ( statins ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Routine closure of the visceral peritoneum should be abandoned at cesarean delivery .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: In the peripheral artery disease cohort , the primary end point did not differ significantly with vorapaxar ( 11.3 % versus 11.9 % ; hazard ratio , 0.94 ; 95 % confidence interval , 0.78-1 .14 ; P = 0.53 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In a phase 3 study , the authors assessed the effects of dasatinib at doses of 140 mg once daily and 70 mg twice daily in patients who had either chronic myeloid leukemia ( CML ) in advanced phases or Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia and were resistant or intolerant to imatinib .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Median progression-free survival ( PFS ) was 3 months ( 95 % CI , 2 months to 4 months ) ; however , 19 % had 12-month or greater progression-free intervals .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Serum concentrations of both markers subsequently declined with time but remained higher than preoperative values at 48 hours .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In healthy patients and those with type 2 diabetes , exogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 ( GLP-1 ) decreases blood glucose by suppressing glucagon , stimulating insulin and slowing gastric emptying .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , the occurrence of large parenchymal hemorrhages was significantly more frequent in the rt-PA-treated patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The Lupron screening test allows prospective selection of stimulation protocols in ovulatory patients undergoing IVF .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: These findings may suggest the presence of off-target actions of ezetimibe .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The long-term efficacy of psychological interventions for bipolar disorders has not been tested .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Reductions from baseline in HbA1c levels at the 6-month ( primary efficacy ) endpoint were significantly greater by 0.83 % in the miglitol group than in the placebo group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was no significant difference between placebo and sucralfate for peak incidences of EORTC/RTOG proctitis .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: PS intervention reduced absorption indices of campesterol , - sitosterol , and cholesterol by 36.5 % 2.7 % , 39.3 % 2.9 % , and 34.3 % 1.9 % , respectively , but increased cholesterol FSR by 33.0 % 3.3 % relative to control .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Following 1 dose in the 2 to 5 years group ELISA responses were lower than the reference group for several serotypes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Some studies suggest that the oropharynx is the source of bacteremia .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: EC use was unrelated to changes in smoking .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was no difference between the clinical outcomes in the two groups but self-rated social function was significantly improved in the enhanced liaison service compared with standard care ( adjusted P = 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Both treatments resulted to improved overall sexual function , as determined by scores on the FSFI , an increase in the frequency of sexual events , and a reduction in sexuality-related personal distress .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The flap side had better healing when compared to denuded site .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: After baseline assessment , the subjects were followed up at weeks 1 , 2 , 4 , 6 , and 10 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was no relationship between plasma concentrations of icodextrin metabolites and any of the other clinical parameters , including change in daily ultrafiltration , urine volume , fluid or inflammatory status .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Dual or mixed-tropic HIV-1 was detected in 33 ( 29 % ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Subjects of group II were tested , in random order , with a 4 - or 5-day interval , with ( 1 ) two consecutive 1 microgram/kg body weight GHRH boluses at 0 and 120 minutes and ( 2 ) two consecutive 1 microgram/kg body weight hexarelin boluses , administered at 0 and 120 minutes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The concentrations of hormones were estimate by radioimmunoenzymatic methods .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Ninety-four patients completed the crossover .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: According to logistic regression analysis , PD was significantly related to mumps [ odds ratio adjusted on occupation and family history of PD ( aOR ) = 7.86 , 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) = 3.77-16 .36 ] , scarlet fever ( aOR = 12.18 , 95 % CI = 1.97-75 .19 ) , influenza ( aOR = 8.01 , 95 % CI = 4.61-13 .92 ) , whooping cough ( aOR = 19.90 , 95 % CI = 2.07-190 .66 ) and herpes simplex infections ( aOR = 11.52 , 95 % CI = 2.25-58 .89 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Remission could be achieved with chlorambucil in 58 % of the nonresponding patients to anti-H .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Diet outcomes were changes in intakes of fat , fiber , and servings of fruits and vegetables ( reported on food frequency questionnaires ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The first study recruited subjects from 3 sites and consisted of a single , within-subject laboratory session .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: We sought to relate left ventricular ejection fraction ( EF ) , end-systolic volume index ( ESVI ) and infarct size ( IS ) , as measured in a single randomized trial , to six-month mortality after myocardial infarction ( MI ) treated with thrombolysis .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Forty-eight individuals with chronic stroke sequelae ( mean + / - SD ; age = 63 + / - 9 yr , time since stroke = 57 + / - 54 months ) were randomly allocated to one of four treatment groups : PRT + cycling , PRT + sham cycling , sham PRT + cycling , or sham PRT + sham cycling groups in a fully factorial clinical trial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This study explored whether sensitivity to letrozole was enhanced with the oral mTOR inhibitor , everolimus ( RAD001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: BI also resulted in significantly lower cocaine use ( P = 0.0016 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The experimental protocol developed by our research group , based on the GPR method and specific strengthening and flexibility exercises of the muscle chains , offers promising results in the management of patients suffering from AS .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: After 3 months , all patients received biographers and were followed for 6 months ( observation phase ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The primary outcome was measured using the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire ( RDQ ) at 6 months ( secondary ) and 12 months ( primary ) with a difference in mean scores of at least 2 considered clinically meaningful .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Contrast-induced nephropathy frequently complicates PCI , resulting in prolonged hospitalization and increased in-hospital and long-term morbidity and mortality .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Safer Choices was designed to reduce unprotected sex by delaying initiation of sex , reducing its frequency , or increasing condom use .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This treatment might therefore also reduce the risk of asthma and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in school age .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Sixty-nine patients completed 9 years follow-up .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: This mind-body program may reduce the risk for future development of hypertension in young adults .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Although there was no significant difference in the mean FRC between the two groups ( amniocentesis 29.7 ml/kg vs CVS 29.6 ml/kg ) the overall incidence of FRC values less than 2.5 th centile of the normal range was 9 % .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Five adverse experiences were related to rapacuronium administration : Bronchospasm ( two instances ) , tachycardia ( one instance ) , and increased salivation ( two instances ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In this study we determined whether KT plus AL produced acceptable disease responses compared with KT alone .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Satisfaction was higher with the in-person than Web-based formative assessment format ( 4.00 vs. 3.62 on a 5-point scale , p = .01 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Core temperature increased about 1 degree C/hour faster in patients treated with forced-air rewarming ( about 2.4 degrees C/hour ) than in patients given only cotton blankets ( about 1.4 degrees C/hour , P = .01 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Mean serum 25 ( OH ) D concentration in the third year of the study was 23 nmol/L in the placebo group and 60 nmol/L in the vitamin D group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: A double blind randomized cross over study was carried out to investigate the effect of an arteriolar dilator ( diltiazem hydrochloride 180 mg/day orally ) versus a venodilator ( isosorbide dinitrate 30 mg/day orally ) on digoxin kinetics ( 0.25 mg/day orally ) , after 10 days therapy in patients with heart failure due to ischemic heart disease .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Secondary outcomes are clinical outcomes measured at the health centre level for HIV/AIDS , tuberculosis , prevention-of-mother-to-child-transmission of HIV and other primary care conditions .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A total of 9410 women were invited to an office hour , 3519 to an office hour with the option to change , 3271 to a weekday evening , and 3162 to a weekend appointment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: SCF was generally well tolerated .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The values of Cho were significantly increased in the first 3 wk , and decreased over the following 5 wk after radiation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In medicine , there is no professional regulation of the drinking of alcohol , nor a body of experimental evidence on which such regulation might be based .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , those given oxygen had less nausea ( 22 + / - 29 vs 54 + / - 38 mm ; P < .001 ) and vomiting ( 4 vs 19 episodes ; P < .001 ) , lower heart rates ( 86 + / - 12 vs 94 + / - 13 beats/min ; P < .001 ) , and higher overall satisfaction scores ( 54 + / - 33 vs 33 + / - 23 mm ; P < .001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Reduced inosine content was found in IP group ( P > 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Following therapy directed by overnight polysomnography in the control group , there were no differences in ESS or FOSQ between the groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Eighteen subjects completed the 54-week follow-up .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The current clinical trial was initiated to compare gold catheters with standard platinum-iridium ( Pt-Ir ) material and to analyze differences in the increase of power or temperature as a function of time during RF ablation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}]