["[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-01 00:00]\n<User>Here are some classification examples to learn from. Please pay attention to the labels:\n\nSample: The percentage of patients requiring postoperative blood transfusions in the normal Hb group was 16 % , compared with 50 % in the subnormal group ( P < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Cholesteryl ester transfer protein ( CETP ) , and cell cholesterol were measured .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Of the 26 patients who underwent screening , 23 met our enrollment criteria .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Each subject applied manual hyperinflation to the test lung for each simulation three times in one day using the resuscitation circuit that they would normally use in their clinical practice .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In spite of well established surgical procedures cSDH is complicated by a recurrence rate up to 30 % .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Insulin resistance is present at the muscle mitochondrial level , and is not affected by reducing circulating NEFAs in type 2 diabetes .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In patients with AECOPD , BNP levels independently predict the need for intensive care .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Oral 5-FU is known to have several advantages over conventional intravenous 5-FU infusion such as lower toxicity and higher quality of life without compromising the efficacy of the treatment .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The most common adverse events identified , i.e. headache , oropharyngeal pain and rhinitis-like symptoms , were mainly mild and transient and distributed similarly in the treatment and placebo groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Two hundred fifty-three patients with a preoperative diagnosis of acute appendicitis were randomized into three groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Cryotop vitrification of half of mature oocytes .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The cerclage group had significantly shorter operative time and intraoperative blood loss than the cautery group ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Rates of reliable change were similar at 12 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To compare the therapeutic outcomes of polyhexamethylene biguanide ( PHMB ) and chlorhexidine for Acanthamoeba keratitis .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: anzctr.org.au Identifier : ACTRN12606000252516 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This study is the first to report the effect of pioglitazone on LDL subfractions in normolipidemic , nondiabetic patients with arterial hypertension .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The need for vasoactive medication ( norepinephrine [ NE ] ) in order to keep mean arterial pressure > or = 50 mm Hg was significantly higher in group 2 ( p = 0.004 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To determine the effect of prenatal and infant/toddler nurse home visiting on maternal and child mortality during a 2-decade period ( 1990-2011 ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Patients with a rapid virologic response ( HCV RNA below 600 IU/mL ) were randomized for a total treatment duration of 16 ( group A ) or 24 weeks ( group B ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: html ) .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: At the end of the two-day stain induction regimen ( eight hourly cycles per day ) when no gum was chewed ( `` no gum '' ) , subjects ' teeth were 5.18 units darker on average than they were at baseline .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At that time , the urine tests were repeated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We tested the hypothesis that the selective reversible MAO-A inhibitor moclobemide has a specific therapeutic effect on erectile dysfunction independent of its antidepressive properties .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: GBV-C viraemia is associated with an enhanced reduction of HIV viral load in response to ART .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: These results suggest that TEE-guided cardioversion with short-term anticoagulation therapy is feasible and safe .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To assess the efficacy of computer-aided retraining of memory and attention in people with MS impaired in these abilities .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Patient satisfaction was evaluated using a 10-point visual analogue scale .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To compare the therapeutic effects and reactions of intra venous arsenic trioxide and all-trans retinoic acid in treating patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia ( APL ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Two thirds of the sample had been sexually active .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The two drugs appear to be cross-resistant .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The intervention group participated in a phase III cardiac rehabilitation program consisting of exercise training , diet therapy , and weekly counseling for 6 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Recipes of RUSF were developed using locally available food ingredients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The Wallis group improved more , but it was not statistically significant .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The subjects in each group were equally assigned to receive standard or low dose of E2/NETA ( 2 mg E2/1 mg NETA , or 1 mg E2/0 .5 mg NETA ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This effect was not due to an increase in blood levels of neuroleptic medications .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Clinical studies are needed to determine the impact of LTO repair technique on subscapularis function following shoulder arthroplasty .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>Perfect. I've stored this information in my memory.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-02 00:00]\n<User>Please observe these classification examples and their associated labels:\n\nSample: The coadministration of Ginkgo biloba extract with ticlopidine was not associated with any significant changes in the pharmacokinetic profile of ticlopidine compared with ticlopidine administered alone .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The secondary aim will be to compare two different early supported discharge schemes .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Use of structured SMBG , combined with the DST , the educational DVD , or both , enhances clinicians ' ability to correctly identify significant glycemic patterns and make appropriate therapeutic decisions to address those patterns .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Nine of 31 group 1 patients ( 29 % ) were incontinent compared with 5 of 31 ( 16 % ) in group 2 ( p = 0.553 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients with reduced eGFR had smaller LV and larger left atrial ( LA ) volumes and higher left ventricular mass index ( LVMI ) and LV mass/LV volume ratio .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: These data show that fractional doses of inactivated poliovirus vaccine administered intradermally at 2 , 4 , and 6 months , as compared with full doses of inactivated poliovirus vaccine given intramuscularly on the same schedule , induce similar levels of seroconversion but significantly lower titers .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There were no statistically significant differences in symptoms between groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Consenting patients at < 30 weeks ' gestation with preterm labor were randomized to receive indomethacin or magnesium sulfate tocolysis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Neutrophil counts and levels of IL-6 in peripheral blood increased in both groups , with a significantly larger increase in zileuton treated subjects ( P < 0.05 and P < 0.001 , respectively compared to placebo ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Sixteen weeks after implant placement , subjects returned for a re-entry procedure .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This care delivery method has demonstrated benefits for individuals with chronic conditions but has not been evaluated for Parkinson disease ( PD ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Intergroup comparisons showed statistically higher PI throughout the study on the plaque-covered surfaces compared to the plaque-free surfaces .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Subjects and investigators were masked .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We hypothesize that in our AKI patients the improved protein catabolism contributed to the shortening of the clinical course of acute renal failure .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We present also costs analysis between the groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Severity ofprecipitated opioid withdrawals .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Increased levels of CRP , fibrinogen , and WBC are independently related to the incidence of HF in patients with stable CAD .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: However , baseline factors can be used to stratify those risks .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The nurse counsellor intervention took place in a regional genetics clinic in Scotland , and in two health authorities in Wales served by a single genetics service during 2001 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients were randomized to receive chemotherapy plus 7.5 mg/kg ( n = 154 ) or 15 mg/kg ( n = 149 ) bevacizumab .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: One , based on traditional models , was called traditional orofacial myofunctional evaluation ( TOME ) , and the other , with the addition of numerical scales , was called orofacial myofunctional evaluation with scores ( OMES ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: ST-segment depression , elevation of troponin I level , increased C-reactive protein , lower ejection fraction of left ventricular and higher TIMI risk scores are high risk factors for patients with ACS without ST-segment elevation , and early invasive strategy can have a substantial impact in reducing combined cardiovascular events .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In a universal health coverage system mandating judicious use of healthcare resources , inclusion of NT-proBNP testing improves the management of patients presenting to emergency departments with dyspnea through improved diagnosis , cost savings , and improvement in selected outcomes .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of injury to the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve ( EBSLN ) with 2 different surgical approaches .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Construct validity was assessed using the Medical Outcomes Short Form 36 ( SF-36 ) questionnaire , and the responsiveness was assessed using a randomized controlled trial of exercise rehabilitation versus usual care .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Additionally , it was investigated if cheek cell FA composition correlates with the FA composition of plasma , red blood cells ( RBC ) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMC ) before and during both interventions .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: After a median follow-up of 32 months , the endpoint was reached by 23 patients with deficiency ( 43.4 % ) and 8 patients without ( 16 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No significant differences were seen between rivastigmine and placebo on the mean ( SD ) WMS general memory score .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The study population was randomized into three groups : shoe group , repellent group and control group and monitored for ten weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Combination therapy was superior to placebo at all doses for both office and home BP .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of physical activity on systemic blood pressure ( BP ) and early markers of atherosclerosis in pre-pubertal obese children .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Twenty VLBW infants without severe neurologic problems or physical anomalies .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The present study is a pilot , controlled , double-blind study exploring the effectiveness of a premenstrual 5-day gradual reduction regimen of chlormadinone acetate on PMDD .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was a significant difference in the ratio of lumen diameter/lumen + wall diameter in dissected segments compared with controls ( P < .001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Using the three late toxicity scales , 100 % of the patients treated with the combined modality ( Arm B ) developed one or more late complications vs. 94 % in the radiotherapy-alone arm ( Arm A ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Given adequate time , the patch provided better overall analgesia by obviating the need for subcutaneous infiltration .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: One hundred seventy-two dental patients were randomized .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Mean LDL cholesterol levels decreased relative to baseline in the placebo group ( P < 0.05 ) and in all active treatment groups ( P < 0.0001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Eighty patients scheduled for elective operation were randomly divided into 2 equal groups to undergo axillary approach brachial plexus blocking by ultrasound-guided four points via one-puncture technique ( Group U ) or nerve stimulator-guided brachial plexus blocking ( Group N ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Budesonide at the recommended dose of 9 mg/day can be administered OD without impaired efficacy and safety compared to 3mg TID dosing in mild-to-moderately active Crohn 's disease .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: All patients were followed up to determine ulcer healing .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To describe the use of laser Doppler velocimetry for measurement of vaginal blood flow and report the effects of estrogen compared with estrogen-androgen treatment in post-menopausal women .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Research subjects then underwent a single attempt at intravenous catheterization over each of the 4 sites and scored the degree of pain using a 100-mm visual analog scale .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Results of these studies suggest that sumatriptan at 100 mg may be more efficacious than at 50 mg when used in the early treatment paradigm .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: These post-hoc subgroup analyses were of an exploratory nature and the results should be interpreted with appropriate caution .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Age specific effects should be a target for further research .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: At 24 months , mean reduction in intraocular pressure was 38 mm Hg ( 40 ) in 231 patients assessed in the latanoprost group and 09 mm Hg ( 38 ) in 230 patients assessed in the placebo group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The duration required to achieve normoprolactinemia and tumour shrinkage of > 50 % as a composite end-point .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This single-dose randomized , double-blind , active - and placebo-controlled study was conducted at the Finnish Student Health Service , Oulu , Finland .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These findings call into question the long-term safety of phytoestrogens with regard to the endometrium .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>I've processed this information and will remember it.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-03 00:00]\n<User>I'm sharing some classification data with labels for you to learn:\n\nSample: The algorithm was trained on 141 randomly selected patients and then tested on a separate 160 patients .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: They were contacted and assessed if they appeared to be exacerbating .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In group bupivacaine-placebo , 0.25 % bupivacaine and an equal volume of intravenous saline or oral placebo were administered 20 minutes before the end of surgery and every 8 hours thereafter .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The results of the present study should be further validated through future studies but already provide strong evidence that peripheral and central TCR may act differently based on slightly different pathways .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Unfortunately , poor compliance with elastics is often encountered , especially in adolescents .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: 17.4 + / -9.9 points between baseline and end of Year 1 ( p < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The co-primary outcome measures are : 1 ) linkage to hypertension care , and 2 ) one-year change in systolic blood pressure among hypertensive individuals .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were no differences in IL-8 , neutrophil elastase or matrix-metalloproteinase 9 concentrations in sputum samples induced with mannitol or hypertonic saline .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: HIV risk reduction is urgently needed in this population .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Some injection site and systemic reactions ( myalgias and/or arthralgias [ P < .05 ] , headache [ P < .001 ] , and impact of fatigue [ P < .05 ] ) were significantly lower in men .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Per quitter , time investment was 3.8 h and NNT appeared 5.9 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was a significant positive correlation between portal endotoxaemia and intestinal permeability ( r ( s ) = 0.955 p = 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Home Monitoring observation of heart failure patients could lead to early detection of preclinical decompensation , enable early intervention before clinical decompensation , and thus could prevent hospitalisations .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: There was no significant difference in H. pylori eradication rates between the two groups ( p = 0.815 by ITT , p = 0.437 by PP ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To evaluate whether continuous hemihepatic inflow occlusion ( HHO ) during hepatectomy can be safer than and be as effective as intermittent total hepatic inflow occlusion ( THO ) in reducing blood loss .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Recently , recombinant human interleukin-11 ( rhIL-11 ) has been observed to induce remission in a subset of patients with mild to moderate Crohn 's disease ( CD ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The Numerical Pain Rating Scales ( NPRS ) the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores ( JOA ) were all observed before , after treatment and in following up .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Local injection-site reactions were generally transient and mild or moderate in intensity and were no more frequent after Restylane Perlane retreatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Of those who were sent a questionnaire and attended for screening , 77 % returned a completed questionnaire .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In all , 56.3 % of women allocated nifedipine and 62.1 % allocated no treatment underwent caesarean section ; the difference was not statistically different ( OR 0.7 , 95 % CI 0.4-1 .1 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Physical contact , a dimension that is not covered by other common instruments in RA , could be distinguished as a separate dimension within the questionnaire .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Differences between groups on response categories were not statistically significant .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Both greater practice quantity and diversity were associated with better driving performance , but only practice diversity mediated the relationship between TDP and driver performance .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Both surgeon and patients were unaware of the treatment assignment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patient-reported health status in 5 domains ( mobility , self-care , usual activities , pain/discomfort , anxiety/depression ) using EQ-5D .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Breast-feeding is more analgesic than pacifier use with nonmaternal holding .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This study demonstrated that IVMP+IVIG therapy is safe and effective for KD patients predicted as refractory .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The rate of locoregional recurrence ( occurring before or at the same time as distant metastasis ) at 10 years did show a statistically significant difference ( 12 % of the mastectomy and 20 % of the BCT patients ; P = .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Each patient rated , using a visual numeric scale , the intensity of post-colonoscopy pain at different moments .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We evaluated the effects of 2 different encapsulated formulas , consisting primarily of mixed juice powder concentrate , on oxidative status compared with placebo .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: During posttesting , participants removed the distorting goggles and completed the same task that they performed during pretesting .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists are associated with deleterious effects on bone .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Five patients in the control group and ten patients of the study group experienced complete pathological response ( p < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of zonisamide ( ZNS ) as adjunctive treatment in patients with refractory localization-related epilepsy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: As part of a prospective , blinded , controlled trial , in which patients with duodenal ulcers were randomized to receive different combinations of antibiotics , serum samples were obtained in 89 patients before treatment , as well as on several occasions after treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Interestingly , an increase in lean body mass was associated with a favorable change in 2-OHE1 to 16alpha-OHE1 ratio .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There was also a significant difference in VP shunt risk with infection : plain ( 55.2 % ; 16/29 ) vs the silver arm ( 29.4 % ; 5/17 ) ; P = .0244 ( 95 % CI : 1.144-11 .695 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: For plasma IL-8 , the control group was 41 % higher than the treatment group over the seven-day period ( ratio 1.41 ( 1.11 to 1.79 ) , P = 0.01 ) , while for TNF - the control group was 20 % higher over the seven-day period ( ratio 1.20 ( 1.01 to 1.42 ) P = 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Data of 69 patients were included in the final evaluation ( 57 women , 12 men , age 31 + / - 1 years , thyroid volume 31.5 + / - 1.4 ml , 23 per treatment group ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Thirty-two obese hypertensive black women were randomly treated with chlorthalidone or clonidine to achieve adequate blood pressure control .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This study describes the results of a cognitive-behavioral pain management program for children with CAP .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: At both infusion rates , most patients exhibited a decrease in TDCO measurement of between 0.1 and 3.0 L/min .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Nineteen patients with stable advanced COPD ( mean + / - SEM FEV1 , 40 + / - 4 % predicted ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Incidences of serious adverse events , grade 3 or 4 adverse events and discontinuations due to adverse events were similar among groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We assessed the efficacy of a nutritionally balanced oral supplement enriched with fish oil , fructooligosaccharides , gum arabic , vitamin E , vitamin C , and selenium on disease activity and medication use in adults with mild to moderate UC .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Incorporation of CYP3A4 phenotyping in dose calculation resulted in an improved predictability of the pharmacokinetic and toxicity profile of irinotecan , thereby lowering the incidence of severe neutropenia .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The primary outcome-baseline-adjusted mean 2-h area under the curve ( AUC ) serum C-peptide during a mixed-meal tolerance test ( MMTT ) at 1 year-showed higher C-peptide AUC with rituximab versus placebo .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The primary end point was mortality over 30 days .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Endogenous sex hormone plasma levels were unaffected by ticagrelor .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: For the PMB17 reference strain seroconversion was 17 of 21 ( 810 % ) participants for the 60 g dose , 97 of 112 ( 866 % ) participants for the 120 g dose , 89 of 105 ( 848 % ) participants for the 200 g dose , and one of 79 ( 13 % ) participants for placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Treatment with omeprazole 80 mg b.d. was significantly better in curing H. pylori infection ( eradication rate 69 % ) than treatment with omeprazole 20 and 40 mg b.d. ( 47 and 53 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>I've processed this information and will remember it.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-04 00:00]\n<User>The following classification examples include important label information:\n\nSample: Parental adherence to prescribed frequency and the delivery technique of children were also improved .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Feasibility was measured by examining compliance and adverse events .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After 48 weeks of treatment , there was no statistically significant difference in endometrial thickness between the two groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Complications associated with cardiopulmonary bypass ( CPB ) have gained more attention due to increased interest in coronary artery bypass grafting without CPB .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Laparoscopic anterior 90 degrees partial fundoplication for gastroesophageal reflux is associated with a lower incidence of postoperative dysphagia and other adverse effects compared with laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Both regimens were well tolerated with common grade 3 toxicities being neutropenia , asthenia/fatigue , and dyspnoea .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Alpha-dihydroergocryptine effect seems to be superior to that of lisuride both in terms of reduction of L-dopa therapy long term motor complications ( UPDRS part IV ) as well as in terms of the incidence and severity of adverse events .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: However , lightening of pigmentation induced by TA gel was neither superior nor different ( p > 0.05 ) compared to its vehicle although erythema was significant on the TA-applied site ( p < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A clinical research center .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Bicalutamide monotherapy is a valuable option for prostate cancer ( PCa ) patients who wish to avoid the consequences of androgen deprivation ; however , this treatment induces gynaecomastia and mastalgia in most patients .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of moderate continuous training ( MCT ) and high intensity aerobic interval training ( AIT ) on systolic ventricular function and aerobic capacity in COPD patients .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: There was no significant difference in the occurrence of acute or chronic graft-versus-host disease and overall survival .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: An increasing proportion of thoracic procedures are performed using video-assisted thoracic surgery .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Treatment groups were balanced across baseline characteristics and measures .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Differences in the average values of weight , BMI , or % EWL between both groups were of no statistical significance ( p > 0.8 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Among these , gastric irritability is the most common and the most important one , which should be taken care of .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Our pilot data suggest that short-term statin treatment may exert a beneficial effect on serum prohepcidin levels in ESRD patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Six months later , PSA test uptake was ascertained from general practitioners ' records , and the online questionnaire was repeated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Intent-to-treat analyses showed no significant differences by condition in women 's reports of abstinence at any follow-up .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that patency could be predicted by the PAI-1 level in Group I ( Wald chi2 = 3.94 , P = .02 , odds ratio 0.924 , 95 % CI 0.855-0 .999 ) , but not in Group II .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Testing protective HIV-1 vaccines remains a critical priority .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Second experiment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The procedural mortality rate was zero , and the morbidity rate was low ( 6.5 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were no significant differences between the groups in the quality of life after treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Efficacy outcomes included proportion of patients demonstrating a decrease in SOFA score of 2 or more points at 24 hours and short - and long-term survival .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The primary outcome was individual blood pressure target achieved at 26 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Comparison of topical ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone otic suspension ( CIP/DEX ) to ofloxacin otic solution ( OFL ) for treatment of granulation tissue in children with AOMT .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Latent Class Growth Analysis ( LCGA ) using the Children 's Depression Rating Scale-Revised ( CDRS-R ) through 72 weeks from intake .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This was a 16-week , randomized , controlled , multi-site trial of OROS-MPH + CBT versus placebo + CBT in 303 adolescents ( aged 13 through 18 years ) meeting DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for ADHD and SUD .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A total of 357 patients were randomized before radiotherapy to receive simple dry dressings ( Tricotex ) or a hydrogel ( Intrasite ) , with Tricotex as a secondary dressing .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The objective of this study was to investigate whether sacral nerve neuromodulation can improve patients with disorders of bowel motility , when current maximal treatment has failed and to investigate the underlying physiological mechanism of action .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: One patient from the electrosurgery group was converted to laparotomy due to injury to the epigastric vessels .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Antiemetic guidelines recommend co-administration of agents that target multiple molecular pathways involved in emesis to maximize prevention and control of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting ( CINV ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: All electrodes were connected to an external defibrillator .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Topical anesthesia using lidocaine 2 % was significantly more painful than the ropivacaine 1 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The improvements were best observed by colorimetry , yet , they were not statistically significant upon clinical assessments .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The women walked with their own high-heeled shoes and barefoot .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Two subjects , however , showed a 50 and a 39 % reduction in ethinyl estradiol AUC during VGB treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were randomly assigned to receive either LMA ( n = 10 ) or TT ( n = 10 ) for airway management .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: High sRAGE levels are associated with incident CKD and ESRD risk , but not after adjustment for kidney function at baseline .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In addition , the geometric mean titers were 2,203 mIU/ml and 326 mIU/ml in the Bio-Hep-B and Engerix-B groups respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Shared decision making ( SDM ) is a widely recommended yet unproven strategy for increasing colorectal cancer ( CRC ) screening uptake .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: All patients received patient-controlled analgesia ( PCA ) with remifentanil .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In 79 patients , GIS was performed with a gel containing lidocaine ( Instillagel ) and in 63 patients the gel did not contain lidocaine ( Endosgel ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We know what decision aids achieve in randomized controlled trials ( RCTs ) , but we still know very little about how they are used and how this relates to the informed decision making outcome measures .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Patients were randomly assigned to the two treatment groups by telephone or fax according to a block randomisation schedule ( permuted block sizes of six or ten ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Rye bread , oatmeal porridge , and instant mashed potato were used as the test foods .\n\nLabels: 3\n<Assistant>I've processed this information and will remember it.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-05 00:00]\n<User>Please observe these classification examples and their associated labels:\n\nSample: Both treatments were generally well tolerated .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Covariates included age , race , tumor stage , Gleason score , prostate-specific antigen , weight , and treatment arm .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the UK group , initial clinical success was 97 % ( 28 of 29 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was no improvement in patients with limited health literacy .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The estimated maximum heart rate was calculated for each subject .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients with cardiac arrests or who die in general wards have often received delayed or inadequate care .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Poor physical performance at the end of rehabilitation predicted worse patient-reported outcomes at 2 and 5 years regardless of treatment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Thirty migraine patients were prospectively studied for cognitive function before and then at the beginning of a migraine using a computerized cognitive battery ( Mental Efficacy Workload Test ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The use of an anesthetic cream is safe and effective , especially combined with lidocaine infiltration during cardiac catheterization .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Mean vulvar erythema scores after 28 days of product use were lower than baseline scores for both wipes and toilet tissue .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was no statistical difference in the total effective rate of improving Chinese medical symptoms between the treatment group and the control group 1 ( P > 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At the dose and with the regime described treatment with IFN alpha-2a in combination with podophyllin is no more effective in the treatment of primary anogenital warts than podophyllin alone and is associated with more adverse events .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Combined evaluation by ERNA and echocardiography has shown previously unknown aspects of parathyroid/myocardial interaction , which is consistent with an inotropic influence exerted by parathyroid hormone , and is in favor of early surgical treatment for PHPT irrespective of serum calcium levels .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Flutide therapy significantly improved quality of life in asthmatic patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Younger adults benefit as much as adults over 30 years and up to 45 years of age .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and the effect of sulphurous thermal water inhalations in the treatment of the recurrent upper respiratory tract ( RURT ) infections in children .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: To describe differences in health status ( symptoms , physical function , and quality of life ) between continued medical management and transmyocardial revascularization with a carbon dioxide laser in patients with severe , symptomatic , inoperable coronary artery disease .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: One hundred forty-nine clopidogrel nonresponders referred for elective PCI were prospectively included and randomized to `` conventional group '' ( n = 75 ) or `` active group '' with GP IIb/IIIa antagonist ( n = 74 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Seventeen children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and treated on standard protocols were randomized to receive G-CSF following either the first or second intensification blocks of chemotherapy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: For LV function determination we measured the fractional area of contraction ( FAC ) using TEE .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Almost all subjects developed some local reactions with 46-64 % reported to be of moderate severity and 3.3 % severe during the primary series .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The operation of pedicle screw system fixation was performed for all patients , and then selective laminectomy and posterior lumbar interbody fusion ( PLIF ) were carried out .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients were randomized into two groups : 27 cases in the S-O clip-assisted ESD group and 23 cases in the conventional ESD group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The objectives of this randomized clinical trial were two-fold : 1 ) to compare the bone dimensional changes following tooth extraction with extraction plus ridge preservation using corticocancellous porcine bone and a collagen membrane ; and 2 ) to analyze and compare histologic and histomorphometric aspects of the extraction-alone sites to the grafted sites .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Mean QT was 4 milliseconds longer , and interreader variability , 1 millisecond lower with uSMB .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Pre-incisional epidural K+M+B treatment combined with continuous epidural anaesthesia and general anaesthesia provides an ideal pre-emptive analgesic therapy , exhibiting better postoperative pain relief than general anaesthesia and post-incisional K+M+B treatment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: One hundred and five cases were randomly divided into an acupotomy group , an electroacupuncture group and an acupuncture group , 35 cases in each group , and Zhongwan ( CV 12 ) , Tianshu ( ST 25 ) , Shangjuxu ( ST 37 ) , Sanyinjiao ( SP 6 ) , etc , were selected in three groups and also with selection of acupoints according to symptoms .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The bone marrow microenvironment of ST-elevation myocardial infarction ( STEMI ) patients has never been studied even though myocardial infarction is known to cause an imbalance in the acid-base status of these patients .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Eradication of these vessels might lead to a more durable therapeutic effect .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Patient and methods One hundred and sixty-seven patients with ` good-risk ' characteristics of disease were randomized .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This randomized , parallel group , investigator-blinded study involved 67 subjects and was conducted over 6 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Dexamethasone given during the first 3 days of ECMO results in significant improvement in lung injury scores by day 3 of ECMO but does not significantly decrease the duration of ECMO or improve survival .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Once-daily doses of MCD and CON produced statistically significantly different PD effects on surrogate measures of behavior and performance among children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the laboratory school setting .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>Appreciated. I'll retain these important details.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-06 00:00]\n<User>These are labeled examples for classification tasks:\n\nSample: PRT effectively increased lean body mass and muscle strength in HNSCC patients following radiotherapy , irrespectively of early or delayed start-up .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: At 24 months , the groups differed significantly in symptom scores ( P < .0001 ) and constipation scores ( P = .03 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The typical pattern for intervention outcome studies for conduct problems has been for effect sizes to dissipate over time with decreasing effects across subsequent follow-ups .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: One hundred seventy-four patients were included in the study , with 87 ( 80 evaluable ) being randomly assigned to receive dirythromycin ( 500 mg/day over 5 days ) and 87 ( 83 evaluable ) diacetylmidecamycin ( 600 mg , twice daily over 7 days ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Clinical Research Information Service KCT0000324 ( Jan 12 ( th ) , 2012 ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Hardware removal remains the most common reason for repeat intervention in the operative group .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: While intervention patients fared better on other measures of functional impairment and disability , none of these differences reached statistical significance .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: CR patients showed significant improvements in Shuttle Walk Test performance ( 326.8 + / -111.0 vs 423.6 + / -133.2 m , P < 0.001 ) , diastolic blood pressure ( 84.7 + / -9.4 vs 79.7 + / -7.3 mm Hg , P = 0.007 ) , and body mass index ( 29.1 + / -6.0 vs 28.4 + / -6.17 kg/m2 , P = 0.003 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The overall response rate to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 81 % ( 19 % complete response , 62 % partial response ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The COAT total scale was significantly more responsive than the WOMAC total scale in the active treatment ( 34.8 % improvement vs 26.8 % ; p = 0.002 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Of these , 60 patients had 0.6 microg/ml of epinephrine added to the balanced salt solution ( BSS ) used for irrigation and 20 patients did not .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Whether the arrhythmia portends a poor prognosis independent of other complications with contemporary therapy is unknown .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Both combined oral contraceptives exert a similar positive influence on bone turnover and bone-sparing effect in young postadolescent women .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Forty-three patients with upper gastrointestinal fistula and leakage were randomly divided into two groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Blood coagulation was analyzed at all time points measuring international normalized ratio , platelets , thrombin-antithrombin complex , von Willebrand factor , soluble thrombomodulin , d-dimers , plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 , and Thrombelastograph analysis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Thereafter , subjects were studied for 3.5 h during which they ingested carbohydrate ( CHO : 0.8 g.kg.h ) , carbohydrate and a protein hydrolysate ( CHO-PRO : 0.8 and 0.4 g.kg.h , respectively ) , or carbohydrate , a protein hydrolysate , and free leucine ( CHO-PRO-LEU : 0.8 , 0.4 , and 0.1 g.kg.h , respectively ) in a double-blind fashion .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The main outcome variable was the area under the salbutamol response curve .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Myocardial blood flow ( MBF ) was measured with 13NH3 at rest and after adenosine administration on day 5 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Radiation was delivered by a Cobalt 60 unit by using the four field box technique .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Myocardial areas distal to complete coronary artery occlusion are poorly protected by antegrade cardioplegia .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The primary endpoint was the development of late radiation complications ( > 3 months after treatment ) measured with the Radiation Therapy and Oncology Group ( RTOG ) score .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: IFX 3 mg/kg was effective in reducing the signs and symptoms of active AS , and was generally safe and well tolerated .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: At the end of the study , 1892 ( 21.9 % ) patients were receiving a statin ; TC levels were above the cutoff in 1096 ( 57.9 % ) of these patients , who had a mean TC level of 5.99 mmol / : ( 231.6 mg/dL ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In Papua New Guinea ( PNG ) , artemether-lumefantrine is the first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria , but it has limited efficacy against P. vivax .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Patients with an imatinib C ( min ) above 1165 ng/mL on Day 29 achieved MMR faster and had higher MMR and CCyR rates at 12 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Radioiodine ( ( 131 ) I ) therapy is usually performed in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer ( DTC ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Use of combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy as an adjuvant to surgery for patients with poor-prognosis resectable rectal cancer is justified , since the improved outcome in terms of delayed recurrence and increased survival balances the time spent with early and late toxic effects .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A total of 31 healthy subjects completed a 9-wk IL ( n = 11 ) or IK ( n = 10 ) training program for the knee extensors or did not train ( control group ; n = 10 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Secondary outcome parameters include change in eGFR from pretreatment versus 12 weeks after treatment cessation , change in kidney volume , change in liver volume , and change in quality of life .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Interface pressures were measured as well .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: At the end of follow-up , infants pertaining to both study groups had similar values for body weight , height , and head circumference , and a similar incidence of infants with anthropometrics data below the third percentile .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Immunization registries are powerful vehicles for identifying children in need of immunizations and generating reminders but system challenges must be addressed if this promise is to be achieved in inner city practices .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The previously proposed tentative mean lysine requirement for Western subjects of 30 mg x kg ( -1 ) x d ( -1 ) is confirmed for healthy Indian adults .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Thyroglobulin concentration decreased by 24 % and 13 % of baseline in the iodine and selenium plus iodine groups in comparison with the placebo group ( P = 0.009 and P = 0.108 , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Total PES knowledge scores increased significantly in the PRO-SELF group ( 21 % ) compared to the standard care group ( 0.5 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Breastfeeding education was standardized for all women .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After 12 months , no significant differences between the groups were found in the physiological parameters .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: HCO membranes achieved significantly lower median post-dialysis beta2M concentration ( 10.8 vs. 14.2 mg/l ; p = 0.003 ) and greater beta2M reduction ratio ( 62.3 vs. 51.0 % ; p < 0.002 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thank you for sharing. I've noted this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-07 00:00]\n<User>Here are some classification examples to learn from. Please pay attention to the labels:\n\nSample: The observations support the view that intra-articular treatment either with 90Y and glucocorticoids or with glucocorticoids alone is especially successful in patients with marked synovial inflammation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: From the questionnaire , 94.1 % of the subjects said they took the atropine sulphate before the bond appointment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Compared with the concentric nondilated LVH group , those with concentric dilated LVH had significantly lower pulse pressure/stroke index and ejection fraction ; higher LVM index , stroke volume , cardiac output , left ventricular midwall shortening , left atrial volume and isovolumic relaxation time ; and more had segmental wall motion abnormalities ( all P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Eighty-six consecutive patients ( 44 boys , 42 girls ) with new CMPI diagnoses were enrolled ; median age at diagnosis was 4 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Practice changes were implemented in more than half ( 60 % ) of the test groups after using a CPD process to plan their learning activities .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Although some zinc-containing enzymes are postulated to regulate energy expenditure , data are limited on the effect of restricted dietary zinc on metabolic responses during exercise .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: 1-MX undergoes renal tubular secretion which is substantially reduced by probenecid , possibly due to inhibition of renal hOATs .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Most children with recurrent cough without other evidence of airway obstruction , do not have asthma and neither inhaled salbutamol nor beclomethasone is beneficial .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Documentation included approval by Ethics Committee , Informed Consent Form , Laboratory investigations , safety and ethical measures .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A low ( 2-4 % ) caesarean section rate was recorded and did not differ between the groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: PSV-VTG did not outperform older modes of ventilation in terms of efficacy on breathing pattern and blood gases .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Both groups improved significantly in functional ability and reduction of care-giver strain by three months but there was no significant difference between groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Secondary outcomes showed similar trends favoring SMT .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Subjects were randomized to dexamethasone 8 mg twice a day , tadalafil 10 mg twice a day , or placebo ( double-blinded ) , starting the day before ascent .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Failure patterns were analyzed in 20 patients and consisted of the following : local relapse only , six cases ; metastatic relapse only , 13 cases ; both local and metastatic relapse , one case .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Doxazosin and alfuzosin were both well tolerated , with most all-cause adverse events reported as mild or moderate .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Comparison of transfer quality evaluated by the Transfer Assessment Instrument at 4 time points during first year after injury .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All participants were instructed on strict oral hygiene measures and were advised to use 0.2 % chlorhexidine mouthwash for 1 week before being allocated to two groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Numerous studies have shown this to be a successful approach for many smokers , but the majority still fail to benefit .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: However , continual low-dose steroid therapy may aid in preventing chronic allograft fibrosis .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Assignment to Reg C was halted in November 1984 after interim analyses showed an inferior outcome .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was a significant improvement on Berg Balance Scale ( p = 0.013 ) and walking speed ( p = 0.022 ) in the early supported discharge group , but not in the ordinary service group , from 1 to 6 weeks ' follow-up .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: RIPC does not reduce the severity of the systemic inflammatory response after AVR .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Mean plasma folate level increased from 445 ( sd 172 ) to 558 ( sd 211 ) nmol/l .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Further , more attention may be needed to engage younger , less educated , and less knowledgeable men as they may be less likely to discuss PCS .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: These results are not intended to represent the overall study results .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Despite this , 19 subjects felt improved during the amantadine phase compared with 6 subjects improved in the placebo phase ( P = .006 ) and the quality of life was better ( P < .001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Spinal anesthesia was performed at the L3/4 interspace in the right lateral position .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was a significant interaction between treatment allocation and etiology with the benefit in VABS in those allocated steroid therapy being in children with no identified etiology ( coefficient 29.9 , p = 0.004 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Comparisons with other studies are made , and threats to validity are considered .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>Thanks for sharing. I've committed this to memory.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-08 00:00]\n<User>Here are training examples for classification. Note the labels carefully:\n\nSample: To define predictors of disease-specific quality of life ( QOL ) and the relationship between asthma symptoms and disease-specific QOL .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: VA costs were obtained using methods previously developed by the VA Health Economics Resource Center .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Ventilation distribution was measured with regional impedance amplitudes and global inhomogeneity indices using electrical impedance tomography .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The pen 's position is recorded in 3D coordinates at 1 kHz .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Postprandial hypoglycemia episodes ( < 70 mg/dL ) occurred more frequently in CFP than in CARB counting ( 35.7 % vs. 9.5 % , p < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Abdominal distension was more frequent in the mannitol group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Of these , 93 ( 46 % ) were in clinical remission at week 56 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To investigate the effects of preoperative physical therapy for patients undergoing total hip replacement .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: When comparing treated to untreated cervical segments , the most significant change occurred post-counterstrain OMT with no overall change following Sham .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The objective was to investigate whether consumption of beta-glucan from oat bran increases bile acid synthesis , as measured by the serum alpha-HC concentration , within hours after consumption in response to the loss of bile acids from the liver .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Randomized , patient-blinded trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Injection-site reaction was also the only adverse event considered treatment related and reported in > or = 5 % of all patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The results of this randomized trial do not support the use of infliximab for lumbar radicular pain in patients with disc herniation-induced sciatica .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There is strong evidence for a dose-response relationship between physical therapy early after stroke and recovery of function .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Both groups received standard treatment for their respective illnesses .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Single-blind randomized controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The McNemar and Friedman tests were used for statistical analysis , at a level of significance of 5 % .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A randomized , crossover , open-label , 2-period , single-dose , comparative study was conducted in healthy white volunteers in fasting conditions .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This novel IL-1-neutralizing antibody improved glycemia , possibly via restored insulin production and action , and reduced inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The intervention did not diminish physician satisfaction with patient interactions , although it may have increased physician frustration with responsibilities that competed with patient care .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The objective of this study was to compare pharmacokinetic parameters of niacin extended-release tablets ( NER uncoated ) and niacin extended-release caplet formation ( NER coated ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The aim of this study was therefore to compare the tolerability and clinical effects of two proven beta-blockers in elderly patients with heart failure .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In addition , the adverse reactions were also recorded post-treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Neither triglycerides nor dietary intake changed .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: These findings provide important new insights into the treatment of this patient population and support further investigations with irreversible ERBB family blockers in HNSCC .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Postoperative health status improved significantly faster after TLH than after TAH .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Green tea polyphenols ( GTPs ) have significant antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities , and prior short-term studies suggest that these compounds may improve photoaging skin .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Seventy-four patients were enrolled and randomized to two equal-sized study arms .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The urinary ratio of 6beta-hydroxycortisol to cortisol , which reflects CYP3A4 activity , also increased after dosing with SJW ( ratio ; 2.1 ( 95 % CI 0.85-3 .4 ) ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The first group received itopride , a prokinetic agent , with a PPI , and the second group received a PPI and a placebo , both for a period of 8 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The control group received a questionnaire describing two hypothetical treatments and a graph with two survival curves showing the outcomes of each treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Circulating levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 are low in cirrhosis and are related to liver dysfunction .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: New concepts need to be developed and studied to substantially reduce the frequency of incisional hernias .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To detect possible autonomic changes due to home orthostatic training ( HOT ) and to assess the feasibility of a larger , placebo-controlled study of HOT in vasovagal syncope ( VVS ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The study was cross-sectional within a randomized trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The two groups proved comparable for perioperative variables .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: SEP 2 and 3 positive response rates increased from 0 % in both arms at baseline to 81 % and 70 % in the 20-mg arm and 90 % and 73 % in the 5-mg arm , respectively , at the end of treatment ( P = 0.27 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: ( Lamisil and IRON-CLAD are trademarks of Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation , East Hanover , New Jersey . )\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Early enteral nutrition can improve immune function and decrease postoperative infection after operation for severe abdominal trauma .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Subjective and objective success rates were not significantly different in these 2 groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: By comparison , students in the interference protocol did not demonstrate improved performance on the training murmur relative to the novel murmur at either evaluation ( 1 hour post-training : OR 0.56 [ p = 0.08 ] ; 6 weeks post-training : OR 0.66 [ p = 0.23 ] ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To evaluate the efficiency of intravenous dipyridamole in the evolution of patients with acute ischemic stroke .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: We now report findings on subjective ratings of satiety at meal times and participants ' other experiences of the two diets from the same study .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Patients were randomly divided into two groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The study will provide preliminary data to power a subsequent phase III study .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The 3-year follow-up consisted of a clinical examination , echocardiography , and selective imaging of the internal mammary artery bypass using angiography .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The level of the serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF ) and the score of Hamilton depression scale ( HAMD ) were observed and compared before treatment and after 3 months of treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Previous studies have suggested that long-term use of beta agonists to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) may increase the risk of cardiovascular adverse events .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Baseline characteristics were similar between aprepitant ( N = 28 ) and control ( N = 18 ) groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Although the women in the misoprostol group had a significantly lower probability of having a PPH , we also noted a reduction in the rate of PPH in the placebo group over the course of the study .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The antiplatelet activity of clopidogrel was more potent and occurred earlier ( 15 days ) , whereas ER-DP + ASA was associated with moderate downregulation of multiple activation-dependent platelet receptors that occurred later ( 30 days ) .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Both the drugs were well tolerated and neither caused prolongation of QT interval nor any abnormality in any serum biochemistry values .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thank you for sharing. I've noted this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-09 00:00]\n<User>These are labeled examples for classification tasks:\n\nSample: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01013844 ; http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01013844 ( Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6LvGGSTKK ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: A double-blind , parallel group trial of adult patients with hypercholesterolaemia at high-CHD risk receiving atorvastatin 40 mg/day compared atorvastatin 40 mg plus ezetimibe 10 mg ( ezetimibe ) vs. doubling atorvastatin to 80 mg .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were longer time of bile reflux and the higher incidence ( 76 % ) of both acid and bile reflux in elderly group than in control group ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Mean ( 95 % CI ) morning and evening peak flows were 14 ( 5 to 23 ) and 24 ( 15 to 34 ) l/min higher , respectively , during combined treatment than during budesonide , and 27 ( 17 to 37 ) and 15 ( 7 to 23 ) l/min higher than during terbutaline .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Subjects .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The mean dissolution rates at 6 and 12 months were 47 % and 59 % with ursodeoxycholic acid , and 44 % and 59 % with combination therapy , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Aortic stenosis ( AS ) is a common health problem in the western world .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Human rotavirus vaccine significantly reduced the incidence of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis among African infants during the first year of life .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: These preliminary findings indicate that there are different electrophysiologic correlates to methylphenidate among ADHD children who are medication responders and nonresponders .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Median age was 52 ( interquartile range 45 , 60 ) years , 74 % were African-American and 79 % were male .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Forty-eight of these patients belonged in group A ( application of Gore Seamguard ) and 42 in group B ( application of a continuous suture ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical bioequivalence and PK properties of a test ( dispersible tablets ) and reference ( capsules ) formulation of MMF 1.0 g in healthy Chinese volunteers .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Therapy was repeated at day 28 or fully recovered neutrophils .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Longer studies are needed to assess the safety and efficacy of treatment beyond 1 year .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Of these questionnaires , 212 ( 54 % ) were completed and returned .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Using safety-monitoring data from the trial we aimed to describe the immediate recovery of PSH in treated and control patients , thus providing evidence for the use of glucose/potassium/insulin ( GKI ) infusions as a means of maintaining euglycemia .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: These adverse effects may be due to the degree of nonspecific thermal damage present after resurfacing with the CO2 laser .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Long-term outcomes after lung transplantation are limited due to chronic lung allograft dysfunction ( CLAD ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This was a 1-year randomized placebo-controlled study of vitamin D ( 400-4 ,800 IU/d ) in 163 white women aged 57 to 90 years .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Forty-four patients undergoing AF ablation received ILRs and CM ( 30-day TTM at discharge and months 5 and 11 postablation ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Less percent days abstinent ( PDA ) and more drinks per drinking day ( DDD ) were predictive of higher rates of % CDT-positive patients ( maximum 67 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Drug/placebo was administered intravenously daily for 3 consecutive days , and this 3-day dosing session was repeated at 3-month intervals for one year .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Obtained results may guide soldier performance modeling and requirements for communication systems used during physical activity when a soldier 's hearing becomes compromised during dismounted combat operations .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We excluded patients who were taking vitamin D or calcium supplements .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The portable laparoscopic trainer is comparable to the standard trainer for improvement of basic laparoscopic skills .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Although effective psychotherapies for posttraumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) exist , high percentages of Veterans in need of services are unable to access them .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The pain reduction was strongest with the blinded patients of the placebo group .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Antibody binding to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide ( total IgG ) increased more in the 5-portion/d group than in the 2-portion/d group [ geometric mean ( 95 % CI ) of the week 16 : baseline ratio : 3.1 ( 2.1 , 4.4 ) and 1.7 ( 1.3 , 2.1 ) , respectively ; P = 0.005 ) ] .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Both peptide levels declined after 6 months , and this decline was enhanced at 1 year .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Between-group comparisons after the second course of treatment revealed that the symptom scores for group 1 ( 1 cone , 3 treatments/wk ) and group 3 ( 2 cones , 3 treatments/wk ) were significantly lower than that for group 2 ( 1 cone , 6 treatments/wk ) ( 5.55 5.05 vs 10.45 6.61 , P < 0.001 ; 5.65 4.00 vs 10.45 6.61 , P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: ACEI and ARB can inhibit the enlargement of left atrium and reduce recurrence rate in patients with idiopathic PAF .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This was a prospective community-based study in Brazil during 2010 that randomized students aged 6 to 10 years old to two different approaches to receiving healthy lifestyle information .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , the dose and the timing of magnesium prophylaxis need to be clarified .\n\nLabels: 0\n<Assistant>I've processed this information and will remember it.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-10 00:00]\n<User>Here are training examples for classification. Note the labels carefully:\n\nSample: However , there was a statistical difference between groups A and C ( P < 0.05 ) , and the effect in group C was the best .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Tranexamine acid was highly effective in reducing post-operative blood loss , blood and blood product usage in children with congenital cyanotic heart disease undergoing corrective surgery .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Laparoscopic hernia repair by RN is an effective method of hernia repair in infants and children .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The study was a stand-alone , double-blind , randomized parallel group comparison of ibopamine ( 100 mg 3 times daily ) and placebo in 59 patients with New York Heart Association functional class III-IV heart failure .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The length of the wound was the only variable found to have a statistically significant association with wound infection .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The studies were conducted in both hospital and private clinic settings .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The pharmacokinetic profiles of lamivudine and adefovir were similar between the FDC and reference formulations .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Thirteen subjects with FM completed a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , crossover study which consisted of 9 weeks trial of AAT or placebo with a washout period of 6 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Investigations into the mechanisms of antidepressant activity might best be limited to those that can account for delayed efficacy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A total of 441 patients ( 64 % of those eligible ) consented to participate and 43 % of enrolled patients met criteria for current major depressive episode , manic episode , or hypomanic episode .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Recent animal studies and experimental observations showed that carvedilol prevented development of CMP due to chemotherapeutics .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The study group received 10 puffs of total 370 mg of Chamomile extract ( Kamillosan M spray ) lubricated at cuff of endotracheal tube while the control group did not receive any lubrication before intubation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Subjects treated with calcium containing phosphate binders showed more rapid and more severe increases in CACS when compared with those receiving sevelamer hydrochloride ( P = 0.056 at 12 months , P = 0.01 at 18 months ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Assuming extension of treatment under real life conditions the cost per month in remission/LDAS turned substantially in favour of abatacept ( 5.321 / 2.819 ) , as compared to infliximab ( 7.189 / 3.916 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Hypocalcaemia is a common finding in horses with enterocolitis and severe gastrointestinal disorders .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Two semen samples were collected from patients attending a subfertility clinic and those patients with samples showing reduced motility were invited to participate in an ethically approved double-blind clinically controlled trial with informed consent .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: With GLP-1 , glucose concentrations declined after the first meal but increased after the second meal ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the subgroup ( n = 131 ) with hand and/or foot psoriasis [ baseline 5-point hand/foot Investigator 's Global Assessment ( IGA ) score 2 ] , efficacy was assessed as percentage of subjects achieving an IGA response [ a score of 0 ( clear ) or 1 ( minimal ) and an improvement of 2 points on the 5-point hand/foot scale vs. baseline ] at Week 12 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: 195 subjects ( 131 men , 64 women ) , median age 34 years , were randomized : 98 received combivir/abacavir and 97 combivir/nelfinavir .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study compared the effects of an oral continuous-combined HT containing 1mg EV and 2mg DNG ( 1EV/2DNG ) with those of placebo .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Postoperative catheter-related bladder discomfort ( CRBD ) can be a distressing complication for patients in whom a urinary catheter was inserted during an operation .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: There were 10 episodes of infections in the N group and 9 in the T-S group ( P = 0.79 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The group preferring Grn Tuborg was significantly better at identifying the correct beer ( p < 0.0001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This procedure improved the clinical outcomes of patients who are at high risk for poor Fontan results .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The programs were equally effective , but day hospital/crisis respite treatment was less expensive for some patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Sixty-eight critical patients were divided into enteral nutrition ( EN ) group and EN+GH group , with 34 patients in each group , by random number table .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Bladder irrigation was generally well tolerated for 8 weeks .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Terlipressin caused no significant changes in hepatic blood flow .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Notably , those on sertraline were more likely to exhibit a reversal of sudden gains than those in PE ( OR = .23 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Within treatment groups , children had a significantly faster time to first response than adolescents , whether treated with placebo or sertraline , but not on time to first persistent response .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We compared the effectiveness of `` bug-busting '' ( wet combing with a fine-toothed comb ) and malathion lotion .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: There was a 74 % increase in retinopathy screening in the telephone versus print group ( p < 0.0005 ) , with no differences by intervention language or by gender .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The CR group 's improvement in MHEI score was not significantly different from that of the UC group ( P = .19 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The geometric mean FeNO level was 20 ppb ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 15-27 ppb ) after salmeterol , which was significantly higher than after montelukast ( mean , 15 ppb ; 95 % CI , 11-18 ppb ; P = 0.002 ) and placebo ( mean , 15 ppb ; 95 % CI , 10-21 ppb ; P = 0.03 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Serum potassium decreased significantly but by a similar amount between the groups ( initial and final concentration , HI , 4.18 + / - 0.3 to 4.2 + / - 0.2 mm , P < 0.001 , IAsp , 4.2 + / - 0.3 to 4.2 + / - 0.3 mm , P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At a 6-month follow-up , 67 % of patients in group 2 were free of AF without drug therapy compared with 86 % of patients in group 3 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In healthy older men , improvement in verbal memory induced by testosterone administration depends on aromatization of testosterone to estradiol , whereas improvement in spatial memory occurs in the absence of increases in estradiol .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: After a baseline diurnal tension curve ( DTC ) was performed , latanoprost once a day was added to the treatment , and a second DTC was performed 1 week later .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Induction chemotherapy improves BCT eligibility for breast cancer patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Follicle-stimulating hormone and LH were increased with enclomiphene , and sperm counts were conserved .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Before surgery , if necessary , additional epidural ropivacaine was injected .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Between-occasion repeatability measurements were made 2-20 weeks apart ( median 3 weeks ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Two years after the Randomised Controlled Trial , we performed a follow-up study with 20 of 38 subjects ( 11.4 1.8 years ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We aimed to compare double-layered and covered Niti-S stents regarding safety , efficacy , and feasibility in the treatment of malignant dysphagia .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Those of Asian background were less likely to report heavy drinking .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We sought to assess the feasibility and accuracy of myocardial contrast echocardiography ( MCE ) using standard imaging approaches for the detection of perfusion defects in patients who had a myocardial infarction ( MI ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n<Assistant>Thank you for sharing. I've noted this information."]
[{"question": "Sentence: The ALERT trial was a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study of the effect of fluvastatin , 40 and 80 mg/day , in renal transplant recipients who were randomized to receive fluvastatin ( Lescol ) ( n = 1,050 ) or placebo ( n = 1,052 ) over 5 to 6 years of follow-up .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Fasting serum leptin was measured by RIA at baseline , 1 and 3 months after treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Over a specific dose range of thiopental ( target serum concentration 2-7 micro g ml ( -1 ) ) , impairment of explicit memory for images with negative emotional valence is less than that for images with positive emotional valence .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: No complications related to coronary angiography were observed and no cervical haematomas occurred in patients undergoing surgery under aspirin and clopidogrel in this study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The tested 0.05 % CPC mouth-rinse is capable of inhibiting plaque formation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Sixty subjects were randomized to receive four puffs of placebo or beclomethasone dipropionate ( [ BDP ] ; total dosage , 1,000 microg/d ) using a metered-dose aerosol inhaler with a valved holding chamber ( AeroChamber ; Trudell Medical ; London , Ontario , Canada ) for 28 days .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Efficacy and safety populations were identical : schedule A , n = 43 ; schedule B , n = 22 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Changes in violent behaviour , before and after treatment , were assessed by self-reports using the Conflict Tactic Scales .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: At present , the magnitude of benefit with either approach appears similar .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The improvement in BCVA from baseline was superior in the low-fluence PDT group to that in the ranibizumab group , but the differences were not statistically significant except at month 3 ( P = 0.025 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The study was conducted in a university-based , outpatient , physical therapy clinic .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Overall , patients liked participation in the intervention ( 4.2 on a 5-point scale ; SD 0.8 ) and were positive about the psychologists ( 8.1 on a 10-point scale ; SD 1.3 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Pedometer-measured PA and individualized feedback may be a practical and easily applied intervention .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Liljeholmen Primary Care Centre , Stockholm , Sweden .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Participants in the latter arm viewed stutter-free videos of themselves each day for 1 month .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Pain and opioid requirements were assessed for 24 hours as well as time spent in the post-anesthesia care unit and time to first mobilization .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Thirty subjects with focal areas of fat less than 100 cc were enrolled .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Effective treatment often requires therapy directed at both abnormalities .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The characteristics of women from the IPV and non-IPV groups were similar and together were comparable to all women who gave birth in north-west Melbourne .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Prospective , randomised , placebo controlled study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Intrarater reliability measuring lateral abdominal muscle thickness exceeded 0.93 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: No differences were observed for OD and A.\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Prostate cancer screening decision aids increase patient knowledge and participation in prostate-specific antigen ( PSA ) testing decisions under ideal circumstances but are often resource intensive and elaborate .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: To assess whether abciximab is associated with clinical benefit in high-risk patients with ACS undergoing PCI after pretreatment with 600 mg of clopidogrel .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: A total of 174 white treatment-naive adults with type 2 diabetes and a glycated hemoglobin ( HbA ( 1c ) ) level higher than 7.5 % .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Blood glucose levels were monitored as a control .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The pre-dialysis level of protein-linked pentosidine was significantly lower in DHD than in SHD ( DHD = 16.12 + / - 4.71 pmol/mg protein , SHD = 22.64 + / - 6.86 pmol/mg protein , p < 0.01 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: This study is one of the few in medical education to examine long-term retention .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Thirty-day and long-term responses were evaluated under the intention-to-treat principle .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Nasal symptoms that were reduced were nose blocked * 6 ( 12 ) , 18 ( 26 ) ; sneezing * 4 ( 8 ) , 15 ( 25 ) ; dry nose * 8 ( 12 ) , 24 ( 33 ) ; stuffy nose * 7 ( 14 ) , 22 ( 31 ) ; dry mouth * 13 ( 18 ) , 33 ( 36 ) ; and runny nose * 6 ( 17 ) , 14 ( 29 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: No significant differences were observed in the cesarean section rates between the groups ( P = .21 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: A screening survey collected data by means of an Internet questionnaire .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: There are little data on the effect of compression on the accuracy of coronary angiography .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Fenoterol-induced hypokalaemia could be described by a physiological indirect response model including feedback ; the Estimated basal plasma potassium concentration was 3.93 mmol.1-1 and the slope factor for the fenoterol-induced relative increase in the efflux of potassium from the extracellular space was 6.22 * 10 ( -4 ) ng .1 ( -1 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: A ripening time of 24 months may reduce allergy problems when lysozyme-containing cheese is given to sensitized subjects , probably due to the hydrolysis of antigenic epitopes during aging .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The median estimated time to onset of analgesia , mean peak PR score , median time to remedication , and mean global assessment score were similar for hydrocodone with ibuprofen and oxycodone with acetaminophen .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Removal of the gallbladder is then started from the fundus to cystic duct downward .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: IgG antibody concentrations at 5 months were higher in the two treatment groups compared with the controls for all 7VPnC serotypes ( P < 0.001 ) and higher in the separate group than the combined group for five 7VPnC serotypes ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: During exercise , energy is required , which causes metabolism to increase and blood lactate to accumulate .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial conducted from February 11 , 1999 , to December 8 , 2000 , of 600 African American adults treated at a community-based health care center .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The antibiotic-associated diarrhea development ratio in placebo group was 9 % ( 7/78 ) and in the study group 1.4 % ( 1/73 ) ( p < 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The aim of this study was to compare staff with resident anesthesiologists in the performance of ICB .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: At baseline , there were a mean ( SD ) of 21 ( 5 ) days with headache per 28 days and the mean ( SD ) PedMIDAS was 68 ( 32 ) points .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Measurements were taken at baseline , 3 , 6 , and 12 months , and change from baseline was calculated .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Compared to placebo , L-arginine improved FMD ( P < 0.01 at day 1 and P < 0.05 at day 3 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: These effects were not considered clinically meaningful .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The amount of rescue tramadol medication for pain was also recorded .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A non significant higher percentage of patients subjectively preferred Betaject ( 53.7 percent ) than to Betaject light ( 46.3 percent ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Following beetroot juice consumption , plasma concentrations of the circulating NO pool were higher at T60 , T120 , and T240 ( P < 0.001 at all time points ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Nutritional rehabilitation by way of exogenous supplementation of functionally efficient antioxidants like vitamin E reactivates the enzymatic antioxidant system and guards against the insult caused by ROS during the pathogenesis of the disease and antileprosy chemotherapy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Participants showed increased feelings of depression and anxiety during stress ( P < 0.01 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Neurological outpatient clinic .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Any cutaneous reactions were assessed after 10 and 30 min , after 24 and 48 h and after 7 days .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Emotion regulation is critically disrupted in depression , and the use of paradigms that tap into these processes may uncover essential changes in neurobiology during treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , little information exists about their anti-erosive/anti-abrasive in situ effects .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Among 533 assessable patients with Ann Arbor Stage IIIB/IV HD included in the H89 trial , 82 had large mediastinal mass defined on chest X-ray .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Our data show that patients with the DD genotype are resistant to commonly advocated renoprotective therapy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Fentanyl ( 25 and 50 micro g hour ( -1 ) ) administered transdermally significantly reduced MAC to 1.25 + / - 0.26 and 1.22 + / - 0.16 % , respectively .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In addition , pulse rate also correlated significantly .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Of 164 patients who completed escitalopram continuation treatment , 139 were randomly assigned to double-blind maintenance treatment with escitalopram ( N = 73 ) or placebo ( N = 66 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was a suggestion that therapy had improved the carers ' reactions to some of the symptoms .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was no relationship between knowledge and device acceptance among control patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Medical imaging-guided 125I radioactive seed implantation is a new method of mini-invasive therapy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Prespecified analyses of the treatment effects at 6-month intervals showed that as compared with the placebo group , the donepezil group had a reduced likelihood of progression to Alzheimer 's disease during the first 12 months of the study ( P = 0.04 ) , a finding supported by the secondary outcome measures .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The 2-year HIV incidence was 2.1 % ( 95 % CI 1.2-3 .0 ) in the circumcision group and 4.2 % ( 3.0-5 .4 ) in the control group ( p = 0.0065 ) ; the relative risk of HIV infection in circumcised men was 0.47 ( 0.28-0 .78 ) , which corresponds to a reduction in the risk of acquiring an HIV infection of 53 % ( 22-72 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The 292 participants had a median CD4 cell count of 536 cells/mm ( 3 ) , 88 % had an HIV viral load < or = 400 copies/mL , and 92 % were taking antiretrovirals .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The DPP has successfully randomized a large cohort of participants with a wide distribution of age , obesity , and ethnic and racial backgrounds who are at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Although all patients were in reasonable condition , less myocardial enzyme leakage occurred on the aprotinin group , suggesting that aprotinin has a protective effect on the myocardium beyond that achieved with blood cardioplegia and systemic hypothermia .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Seventy-seven ( 77 ) subjects complied with the protocol and completed the study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: No side effects were observed .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: MEP was recorded simultaneously in all patients who were treated with minimally invasive procedures , and the latency of MEP decreased compared with the MT group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Thirty patients in need of single-tooth rehabilitations were randomly assigned to three groups based on the position of the IAI in relation to the alveolar crest at the time of implant placement .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Hemodynamic data were recorded prior and after induction of regional anesthesia at five-minute intervals .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Only 11 ( 21 % ) of the active intervention group and 7 ( 16 % ) of the passive group demonstrated 100 % correct technique .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Adherence to medication regimens however is a major problem .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: A series of post-hoc efficacy and safety analyses were performed using pooled data from two identically designed Phase III studies in 608 nondialysis CKD patients randomized to receive two 510 mg i.v. injections of ferumoxytol within 5 3 days versus oral iron .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Four hundred seventy-nine eyes with uveitis from 255 patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This protective effect may be masked in subjects with SCI due to chronic microvascular changes ; however , spectral analysis suggested local cooling may reduce metabolic vasodilation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Fifty-eight community-based addiction clinicians ( M = 42.1 years , SD = 10.0 ; 66 % Female ) were assessed prior to enrolling in a 2-day MI training workshop and being randomized to one of three post-workshop supervision programs : live supervision via tele-conferencing ( TCS ) , standard tape-based supervision ( Tape ) , or workshop training alone .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Behavior rating scores were an average of 2.82 percentile points lower per month of age , with similar patterns observed with parent report using adaptive behavior scales .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: This study was designed to compare two immunosuppressive protocols for the prevention of acute rejection in patients undergoing SPK transplantation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The disposition and sterol-lowering effect of ezetimibe are associated with long-lasting enterosystemic circulation , which is initiated by secretion of ezetimibe and its glucuronide via intestinal P-glycoprotein ( P-gp ) ( ABCB1 ) and the multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 ( MRP2 ) ( ABCC2 ) into gut lumen .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Both treatments were well tolerated .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: 18 infants in the suction group and 15 in the no suction group did not meet entry criteria after random assignment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Treatment was applied for 45 minutes three times a week for six weeks with a four-week follow-up .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Cognitive-behavioural therapy ( CBT ) improves positive symptoms but effects on relapse rates are not established .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: There were no statistically significant differences in bone level change between groups 1 year after loading ( -0.08 mm 95 % CI : -0.33 to 0.18 P = 0.56 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients started on medication for hypertension or hypercholesterolemia during the study period and all patients already on treatment that consulted their physician during the trial were included .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: By prioritizing the cells for the determination of T-cell subsets and proliferation rate , this approach was instrumental for demonstrating the normalization of the T-cell subset ratio and the kinetic of normalization of proliferating rates of CD4 and CD8 T cells , as well as the decrease in HIV-1 viral load in the lymph node following HAART initiation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The mortality rate in the screened group ( 1138 per 100,000 person-years ) was not significantly different from that in the controls ( 1114 per 100,000 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Further studies are warranted to confirm these results in different and selected types of lymphadenectomy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: WBV has also been shown to decrease pain and fatigue in other rheumatic diseases , as well as to increase muscle strength .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The incidence of adverse events was relatively low and well tolerated in patients with DM .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: EEM area increased by 0.29 + / -2.93 mm2 for placebo , 0.09 + / -2.33 mm2 for vitamins only , 1.17 + / -1.61 mm2 for combined treatment , and 1.74 + / -1.80 mm2 for probucol only ( P = 0.005 for probucol ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients were reevaluated 4 weeks after operation using the RAND-36 quality of life questionnaire .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The design of this study targeted several clinical and methodological issues on TNF blocker dose de-escalation , including how to taper the TNF blockers , the satisfactory control condition , how to define flare , implementation in clinical practice , and the choice of the non-inferiority margin .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The Hp eradication rate was 95 % .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Following PS intake , plasma sum of campesterol plus sitosterol concentrations were elevated from 34.6 + / -4.2 to 46.2 + / -3.3 micromol l ( -1 ) ( mean + / - SE ) and 16.5 + / -0.9 to 20.8 + / -1.2 micromol l ( -1 ) after PS intake in men with HPS and LPS , respectively .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patient satisfaction was measured immediately after the visit .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Children > 8 yr old performed spirometry in addition to PEF .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}]