["[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-01 00:00]\n<User>I want you to learn from these classified examples:\n\nSample: Menopausal Outpatient Clinic at an academic tertiary care hospital .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Expression of the tumor proliferation marker Ki-67 and of biomarkers of breast cancer ( insulin-like growth factor-I , sex hormone-binding globulin ) , cardiovascular disease ( cholesterol , triglycerides , ultrasensitive C-reactive protein , fibrinogen , antithrombin-III ) , and bone fracture ( type I collagen C-telopeptide ) risk were determined before ( baseline ) and after treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Time to eye opening was 11.8 min in the CSM group vs. 13.4 min in the control group ( P = 0.58 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Results are expected at the end of 2013 .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There was no significant difference between the aliskiren and placebo groups in the proportion of patients with aldosterone breakthrough ( aliskiren 35 % , placebo 46 % , p = 0.199 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The intervention group received a 4-hr workshop that included didactic , practical , community , and reflective elements .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We have recruited 13 patients with pre-eclampsia and 6 patients with pre-eclampsia/HELLP syndrome .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Prospective , randomized study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Women with stress urinary incontinence ( UI ) or with mixed UI ( composed predominantly of stress UI ) that responded to physiotherapy were included in this study in two parallel groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Surgical intervention with disc prosthesis for chronic low back pain resulted in a significantly greater improvement in the Oswestry score compared with rehabilitation , but this improvement did not clearly exceed the prespecified minimally important clinical difference between groups of 10 points , and the data are consistent with a wide range of differences between the groups , including values well below 10 points .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In the postoperative period heart rate , respiratory rate , pain score , recovery to first analgesic time , total number of analgesics required in 24 hours and side effects were noted and analyzed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The warning sign had no significant main effect on study outcomes or interaction with enclosed display .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Level I , therapeutic study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The RE and SE were not significantly changed before and after the tetanic stimulation in both groups ( all P > 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The high mortality and variation in rates across institutions suggest opportunities to improve quality of care .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Randomised double-blinded controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Subjects served as their own control subjects , with cross-table lateral and open-mouth odontoid cervical spine radiographs .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Recipients of kidney transplant have been shown to develop emotional problems .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography ( PET-CT ) could help avoid noncurative surgery by identifying patients with occult metastases .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: We were unable to detect any differences between study groups with respect to postoperative morphine consumption , VAS score , or overall pain relief score .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Thyroxine concentrations decreased in supplemented groups but the decrease was significantly different from that in the control group only for the 10-microgram group and for all supplemented groups combined .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The results at 12 months follow-up reveal a lower mean IOP ( P < 0.05 ) and a higher mean bleb score ( P < 0.05 ) in the group with polyglactin sutures .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The addition of cisplatin ( CDDP ) has resulted in response rates greater than 50 % .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Maximum lactate steady state ( MLSS ) is defined as the highest steady state exercise level one can maintain while also maintaining an equilibrium between the elimination of blood lactate and the diffusion of lactate into the blood .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Anacetrapib treatment was associated with considerable increases in the LDL triglyceride/cholesterol ratio and LDL size by NMR .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The pharmacokinetics of darbepoetin alfa was not dependent on dose or time .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Eligibility criteria included either inoperable primary or recurrent major or minor salivary gland tumors .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To assess the role of intratumoral PD-1 ligand ( PD-L1 ) expression in the modulation of the PD-1-PD-L1 pathway , immunohistochemical analysis was performed on pretreatment tumor specimens obtained from 42 patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Automated SMS systems offer a feasible and acceptable means of monitoring depression within clinical research .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: No advantages were detected for neomycin-polymyxin or acetic acid over saline in terms of reducing the urinary bacterial load and inflammation .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>Received. I'll store this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-02 00:00]\n<User>I have some labeled classification examples for you to study:\n\nSample: The primary end point was a reduction in IMV duration by 6 days between the 2 groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Prospective , randomized , multicenter clinical trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Previous reports of the RAPID-axSpA trial ( NCT01087762 ) described the efficacy and safety of certolizumab pegol ( CZP ) over 24 weeks in patients with axial spondyloarthritis ( SpA ) , including ankylosing spondylitis ( AS ) and nonradiographic axial SpA .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Postoperative pain scores were similar between the two groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Serum antimllerian hormone ( AMH ) , FSH , inhibin B , LH , and E2 levels had decreased significantly in all study groups after 9 weeks of treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A study was undertaken to investigate the effect of supplementation with vitamin E for 6 weeks on bronchial hyperresponsiveness in atopic adults with asthma .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN91381117 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: An integrated qualitative evaluation will be conducted in order to describe implementation and assist in explaining the potential mediators and modifiers of the process .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To observe the impact of the diverse caloric energy intake on the outcomes and occurrence rate of complications in septic patients .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: High-frequency electric surgical knives were used to dissect abdominal tissues and electro-coagulation for hemostasis in EK group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Although FMT can initiate recovery of near and distance acuity over the period of 1 year in selected patients with classic CNV , CS did not differ between FMT and PDT .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: These cross-sectional data suggest significant positive associations of physical inactivity with both the WHR and WC , independently of overall adiposity as assessed by the BMI .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Subjects were randomized to either the - glucan ( n = 10 ) or the control group ( n = 5 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The superior LVM regression with telmisartan versus carvedilol suggests telmisartan has a mechanism that may be beyond that of lowering BP in hypertensive patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We evaluated the safety , tolerability , and pharmacodynamic profile of REG1 in a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study , assigning 50 subjects with coronary artery disease taking aspirin and/or clopidogrel to 4 dose levels of RB006 ( 15 , 30 , 50 , and 75 mg ) and RB007 ( 30 , 60 , 100 , and 150 mg ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The same was observed when we compared the effect of the progestin on the ophthalmic artery .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Both dermabrasion and carbon dioxide laser resurfacing are effective in the treatment of perioral rhytides .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Rates of Clostridium difficile diarrhoea have recently been rising , with the elderly being at highest risk .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Measures of adherence , activities of daily living , and emotional impact were completed at the first and last intervention sessions and again at 8 weeks and 6 months post intervention .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: When we interrupted perindopril and candesartan therapy for a 1-month washout period , changes in SBP and DBP values were significant compared with month 12 in both groups ( all P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were no differences in failure rates between either the maxillary and mandibular arches or between the anterior and posterior brackets .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The ACF medium combined with poloxamer 188 for deswelling showed superiority over standard FCS medium in its ability to preserve EC viability and facilitate endothelial visualization .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Symptoms decreased after therapy , but not in the control group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of amlodipine on rest and exercise LVEF in patients with silent ischaemia .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: This is a prospective , randomized controlled trial conducted in a tertiary referral center in Brazil .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The groups were comparable for the medians and the range of the maximum blocks after 30 min .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Fecal donor and time of UC appear to affect outcomes .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Regarding cardiac autonomic modulation , the CONCC and ECCC groups exhibited increases in overall variability ( SDNN and SD2 ) at T1 compared to baseline , and the ECCT group demonstrated increases in variables reflecting vagal modulation and the recovery process ( RMSSD , SD1 and HF [ ms2 ] ) at T1 , T2 and T4 compared to baseline .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: min on Day 1 every 4 weeks ) , and 64 patients were randomized to the standard schedule ( paclitaxel , 225 mg/m ( 2 ) ; carboplatin , AUC = 6 mg/mL .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No unexpected safety issues were identified .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No differences were found for self-reported symptoms of fatigue , pain , appetite , joint stiffness , or breathlessness .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were examined 1 , 3 , 7 , 30 , 90 , and 180 days postoperatively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: According WHO `` Monitoring rules for normal birth '' medical staff support the mothers in physiological , psychological and physical aspects .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We therefore assessed whether warfarin reduces catheter-related thrombosis compared with no warfarin and whether the dose of warfarin determines the thromboprophylactic effect .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: There were no significant differences between the HFA-BDP 100 to 200 microg and CFC-BDP + S 200 to 400 microg treatment groups in mean change from baseline in height ( 5.23 cm vs 5.66 cm at month 12 , respectively ) or mean growth velocity from day 1 to month 12 ( 5.27 cm/y vs 5.71 cm/y , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We demonstrated for the first time histamine releasing effects of hydroxyethyl starch over a long period of time after administration .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The incidence of a periprocedural MI was 9.5 % in the atorvastatin group and 15.8 % in the control group ( odds ratio : 0.56 ; 95 % confidence interval : 0.35 to 0.89 ; p = 0.014 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Nineteen patients with facial telangiectases were enrolled in this randomized , double-blinded , placebo-controlled study and were divided into pretreatment and posttreatment groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Subjects who died accumulated on average 8.7 9.5 L/m versus 1.2 2.4 L/m in survivors .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The present study was performed to investigate the influence of each angle of Trendelenburg position during RALP on cardiovascular and respiratory homeostasis .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Multiple physiologic and psychological aspects of HRQOL especially swallowing difficulty and overall eating problems were significantly improved in study as compared to control group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In all four groups , all measured quantities showed a diurnal variation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of PG massage in the removal of radioiodine from the PG .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: An additional aim was to investigate the association between weight loss and CPAP adherence .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Residents at each program were separately randomized to oral or written feedback sessions with their clinic preceptors .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A double-blind , randomized trial was performed with intramyometrial 15-methyl prostaglandin F2 alpha , 125 micrograms , or intravenous oxytocin , 20 U , in 60 women undergoing elective lower segment cesarean section at 36 to 41 weeks ' gestation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In terms of clinical outcomes , patients in the ND group had a lower rate of vomiting and VAP .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We investigated the effectiveness of CPAP therapy in improving sleep quality in patients with OSA .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: To compare the LERV 1-stage approach with the standard 2-stage approach consisting of preoperative ERCP followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy for the treatment of cholecysto-choledocholithiasis .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: With increasing pressure to maximize the efficiency and minimize the costs of treatment , it is important to have information that could guide treatment selection or point to treatment strategies that have a high probability of success .\n\nLabels: 0\n<Assistant>I've processed this information and will remember it.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-03 00:00]\n<User>The following are classification training examples with labels:\n\nSample: The Visual Analogue Scale ( VAS ) was adopted to evaluate the efficacy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: On the last day , they received a single oral dose of 30 mg pioglitazone .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Average total costs of care for patients treated with SRP and CHX chip were $ 737 + / - $ 244 compared with $ 734 + / - $ 239 for patients treated with SRP alone .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Grade 3-4 adverse events occurred more frequently in the 3-weekly than in the 2-weekly administration group , including neutropenia ( 93 [ 53 % ] vs 61 [ 36 % ] ) , leucopenia ( 51 [ 29 % ] vs 22 [ 13 % ] ) , and febrile neutropenia ( 25 [ 14 % ] vs six [ 4 % ] ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Once-daily rofecoxib , 25 mg , or twice-daily naproxen sodium , 220 mg , or placebo .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were small effects on the other pharmacodynamic assessments when roflumilast and formoterol were administered individually , but no interactions or safety concerns were seen after concomitant administration .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Because of the contrast in fomepizole kinetics among existing studies and the lack of information regarding its metabolism in humans , kinetic and metabolic studies were conducted after single doses and after multiple oral doses in healthy human subjects .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Our study group decided not to treat patients under 18 years of age with hydroxyurea until clinical efficacy of the drug is proved in adults .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: These cost savings were maintained at 1 year of follow-up ( $ 24,389 vs $ 29,109 , P < .001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Mean baseline SBP/DBP values were 172.3 / 104.3 mm Hg ( T80/H25 ) and 173.3 / 104.5 mm Hg ( T80 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This sample size assured a high probability of detecting C-peptide response if the true prevalence was at least 5 % , a level that would justify the subsequent assessment of C-peptide in the entire cohort .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: One hundred twenty elderly patients with acute stroke were randomized to inpatient care on a stroke ward under the care of either a neurologist or a geriatric team .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aim of this randomised clinical trial was to assess a comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation intervention including exercise training and psycho-education vs ` treatment as usual ' in patients treated with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator ( ICD ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: For the 136 patients in the study , there were no differences in clinical characteristics such as age , surgical time ( all > 60 min ) , anesthesia type ( general or spinal ) , type of surgical procedure , or other risk factors for DVT .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Initial oral daily doses were 0.30 mg/kg for tacrolimus and 10 mg/kg for ciclosporin microemulsion .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The ANOVA detected a significant interaction between intervention and time for PPT levels in the masseter muscle ( F = 62.5 ; P < .001 ) and condyle ( F = 50.4 ; P < .001 ) , and pain-free active mouth opening ( F = 34.9 ; P < .001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In patients with inflammatory bowel disease and anemia refractory to treatment with iron and vitamins , treatment with oral iron and recombinant erythropoietin can raise hemoglobin levels .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In this multinational , open-label , crossover study , 258 patients with primary hypercholesterolemia were randomized after 4 weeks of diet plus placebo to once-daily administration of a starting dose sequence of simvastatin ( 20 mg ) or atorvastatin ( 10 mg ) , or a higher dose sequence of simvastatin ( 40 mg ) or atorvastatin ( 20 mg ) for 6 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The European Myocardial Infarct Amiodarone Trial ( EMIAT ) was a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial to assess whether amiodarone reduced all-cause mortality ( primary endpoint ) and cardiac mortality and arrhythmic death ( secondary endpoints ) in survivors of myocardial infarction with a left-ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF ) of 40 % or less .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Participants had IVR access for 24 weeks to report daily drinking and to hear weekly recovery-focused messages .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The primary end point was percent neointimal volume obstruction measured by computerized analysis of electrocardiogram-gated intravascular ultrasound ( IVUS ) at six-month follow-up .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Of the 1,036 families identified for the study , 402 passively refused to participate : 290 ( 45.1 % ) identified through informatics , 17 ( 29.8 % ) through community , and 95 ( 28.3 % ) through clinics .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Based on pre - and postsimulation questionnaires , residents ' confidence in approaching a pediatric cardiology patient improved from an average Likert score of 5.1 to 7.5 ( on scale of 0-10 ) ( P < .001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Although serum PSA testing is widely used as a screening test for prostate cancer ( PC ) , it is known that it is not specific for PC .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Gastrointestinal symptoms , specifically mucasitis and diarrhea , were less frequent and less severe in both treatment arms compared with other trials with FU/racemic LV reported in the literature , which might be because of the prolonged administration of FU used in both arms .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The recurrence rate was 5 of 46 ( 11 % ) and 6 of 57 ( 11 % ) in the mini-detachable snare ligation group and multiple band ligation group during a follow-up period of 6 and 16 months , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Decision aids should be targeted to patients actively trying to make a decision .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We measured urine output ( UO ) , free water clearance ( CH2O ) , fractional excretion of sodium ( FENa ) , urinary aquaporin-2 channels ( u-AQP2 ) and epithelial sodium channels ( u-ENaC ) , plasma vasopressin ( p-AVP ) , central and brachial blood pressure ( cBP , bBP ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Data collection including blood pressure , heart rate , neonate sedation , Apgar score , visual analogous scale at several hours , at first , need to analgesic postoperatively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Subjective reporting of stress incontinence at three months postpartum .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No adverse effects of prone positioning were observed .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: SA measurement with a Howard-Dolman apparatus reveals better SA than vectographic tests .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Data were collected through self-report surveys .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Anti Trypanosoma cruzi IgGs remain positive practically lifelong and electrocardiographic tracings are not usually used as criteria of improvement .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: MRD was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction for clone-specific T-cell receptor/immunoglobulin gene rearrangements .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The objective was to test the accuracy and precision of the intake-balance method to estimate EI during weight gain induced by overfeeding .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: These results suggest that aerosolized albuterol does not improve clinical outcomes in patients with ALI .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: From each trial , common data elements were pooled to assess , principally , for correctness of thrombolysis decision-making .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The study drugs were administered for 8 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Occurrence of nausea was significantly less in P6 Acu ( 24 of 40 or 60 % ; odds ratio , 0.121 ; P < 0.01 ) , but not in the sham group ( 34 of 40 or 85 % ) compared with the control group ( 37 of 40 or 93 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We undertook a community-based randomised controlled trial to assess the effects of iron or aluminium cooking pots in young Ethiopian children .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Forty patients aged 4-10 yr were randomized using a double-blind study design to receive either 0.2 mg/kg intranasal midazolam or 0.2 ml/5 kg placebo ( distilled water ) using a Devilbiss # 286 atomizer .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Thirty women undergoing elective gynaecological surgery with planned supraglottic airway management .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Both the sugar tong splint and the short-arm radial gutter splint had comparable performance in maintaining the initial reduction of distal radius fractures , with the short-arm splint tolerated better by patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>Thank you for sharing. I've noted this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-04 00:00]\n<User>Please observe these classification examples and their associated labels:\n\nSample: The effect was monitored by electromyography , and probit analysis was used to calculate the effective dose to induce 50 % , 90 % and 95 % of the maximum effect ( ED50 , ED90 and ED95 , respectively ) in each patient .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Subjects were randomized non-blinded into one of three parallel groups to receive Swedish massage or to one of two control groups , touch or no intervention for eight weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To investigate the impact of treatment with low dose roxithromycin on clinical symptoms and CT scores in patients with stable bronchiectasis .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: A statistically significant improvement in wrinkles was seen after profilometric analysis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: WBI resulted in a greater loss of elasticity in the high-dose area compared with APBI ( P < .05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twenty teeth presented with primary infections and 20 with secondary infections , requiring retreatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Although the antiviral agent ribavirin improves the course of lower respiratory tract disease in spontaneously breathing infants with respiratory syncytial virus infection , it is not known whether ribavirin can benefit infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus disease who require mechanical ventilation .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: When a protective liquid polish ( BisCover ) is applied to the tooth surface , the effect of contamination by blood or saliva is prevented .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Eighteen patients needing bilateral sinus floor augmentation were enrolled .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: VO2 peak increased significantly in the training group ( p = 0.0424 ) and did not change in the control group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Infusion of saline or PP at 0.75 or 2.25 pmol/kg .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Secondary outcomes were the Short-Form 12 ( SF-12 ) , complications , subsequent therapy , and mortality .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Exercise was performed 3 hours after dosing , using a stepwise increase in load until exhaustion .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: For the patients in the trial group , the motor tasks consisted of simple flexion-extension finger movements and finger-to-thumb touching in a repeating , pre-planned sequence of either hand .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Real-time ultrasound guidance has been proposed to decrease complications and improve the accuracy of the tracheal puncture .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The achieved weight loss ( mean = 8 % ) did not differ significantly by intervention group ( P = 0.10 ) and resulted in a 0.07 mm mean decrease in AD ( P = 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The objective of this study was to compare the effects of submucosal cauterization of the inferior turbinate with or without outfracture .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Symptom distress , functional status , and emotional distress .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Steroid dependence and early relapse are frequent after a prednisolone-induces remission in Crohn 's disease .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: We aimed to investigate the effects of MLC601 on the occurrence of early vascular events within 3 months of stroke onset .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Among recipients of a placebo , babies in the lowest quartile of plasma-free thyroxine ( FT4 ) concentrations had significantly higher apparent diffusion coefficient measurements in the posterior corpus callosum and streamlines that were shorter and less numerous in the right internal capsule .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Nausea was the most common event , reported by 3.3 % of patients on 3 mg vs. 14.1 % on 4 mg ; in the placebo comparison , nausea was reported by 7.0 % of patients taking 3 mg apomorphine SL vs. 1.1 % of those taking placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: All subjects showed a trend toward improvement , independent of the treatment received , but only the `` structured sleep hygiene with light treatment '' showed statistically significant improvement at the end of the trial .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In triple therapy involving amantadine , a time wise response and an increased SVR rate in subgroups less prone to viral breakthrough suggest clues for existing controversies .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: After feedback , performance improved and improvement persisted for at least 9 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The effect of L-NMMA and placebo on airway response to doubling concentrations of methacholine ( from 0.03 mg/mL ) was then examined .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Randomly selected 6 of the 20 hyperlipidemic patients received their regular diet as the control group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Headache was the most commonly reported pain : 23 % reported weekly recurrent headache and 9 % had headache more than once a week .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Infection in SBCCs is uncommon .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: If proven effective such findings could be of great benefit for patients with similar injuries .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: At pre-established times ( basal , before and after induction , recovery and 72 postoperative hours ) were measured some immunological data ( plasmatic concentrations of red blood cells , white blood cells , lymphocyte cells , antibodies , complement analysis , interleukins 1 and 2 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aim of the present randomized controlled trial is to assess the effectiveness of a buccal SFA used for the surgical debridement of deep intraosseous defects compared to the double-flap approach ( DFA ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: There was no difference in improvement of PEFR at any hour between the treatment and placebo groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Those modified DBS was more sensitive in diagnosing residual neuromuscular blockade than DBS3 ,3 at the TOF ratio of 0.51-0 .90 , but was less sensitive than DBS3 ,2 at the TOF ratio of 0.81-1 .00 ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 56 patients ( cases ) received adrenaline and 49 ( controls ) received placebo as pretreatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Sixteen randomizations of small and large bore syringes were completed at the four injection times ( 128 injections ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Subjects were initially stratified on cocaine use ( < 15 days or 15 days of the last 30 ) , age and race using urn randomization .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Similar trends held for perceived stress and social functioning .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To determine the feasibility of using rhBMP-2 / collagen as a substitute for autogenous bone graft inside interbody fusion cages to achieve arthrodesis in humans .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: ACL injuries may cause severe problems with recurrent giving way of the knee and reduced functional capacity .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: High levels of fraction of inspired oxygen produced significant increases from baseline in systemic saturation ( 90 % + / - 1 % vs 80 % + / - 1 % , P < .01 ) , mixed venous saturation ( 54 % + / - 3 % vs 44 % + / - 2 % , P < .01 ) , and oxygen excess factor ( 2.6 % + / - 0.2 % vs 2.3 + / - 0.2 % , P < .01 ) , but there was no change in arteriovenous saturation difference or blood pressure .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were no differences in any of the investigated parameters observed at baseline in the two groups ( P > 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>I understand. I'll keep this in mind.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-05 00:00]\n<User>Please learn from these labeled classification instances:\n\nSample: Furthermore , there was no treatment effect on GDS scores over time in the subgroup of participants with significant depressive symptoms at baseline .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The tapes differed in the extent to which they portrayed the recovery period as a steady , forward progression versus a series of `` ups and downs . ''\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: REG1 consists of pegnivacogin , an RNA aptamer selective factor IXa inhibitor , and its complementary controlling agent , anivamersen .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: It is popular belief that the psychologic response to a diagnosis of cancer influences survival in patients with cancer ; however , research has produced contradictory results .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: In the original trial , there were advantages in the duration of oxygen and the prevalence of chronic lung disease for those assigned to receive CNEP .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Both groups received brief counseling to reduce drinking and increase abstinent days .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY INFORMATION : Prolonged Exposure Therapy Versus Active Psychotherapy in Treating Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Adolescents , URL : http://clinicaltrials.gov , unique identifier : NCT00183690 .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Low habitual dietary calcium intake and vitamin D deficiency are common among Indian children .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Contrasting hemodynamics impacted cardiac response to similar reductions in brachial BP on losartan - vs. atenolol-based therapy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This is the first study that shows the benefits of FESS on butanol tests in patients with nasal polyposis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No significant performance differences were found between the two groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In addition , olive oil , soy oil and cod liver oil decreased significantly TNF - levels .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: After surgery , all patients were given morphine through a patient-controlled analgesia pump .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Standard bowel cleansing for colon capsule endoscopy ( CCE ) requires a liquid diet and bowel laxatives for at least 2 days , which is a major drawback of this procedure and affects tolerance and acceptability .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: These results provide evidence of an association between an m-TOR haplotype and a decrease in haemoglobin in renal transplant recipients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The effect of interventions for return to work depends on socio-demographic characteristics .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The HF ER-ICM program enjoyed a high degree of fidelity to principles of both anti-racism/anti-oppression practice and Housing First and comprehensively addressed the housing , health and sociocultural needs of participants .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: All patients had general anaesthesia for the amputation and were asked about stump and phantom pain after 1 week and then after 3 , 6 , and 12 months by two independent examiners .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Each regimen resulted in prompt cessation of clinical symptoms ( e.g. , median time to 3 stools per day ( all without blood ) : 5 days in the 1 g mesalamine once-daily and 7 days in the 0.5 g mesalamine thrice-daily group ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The study population included 242 African-American men from three primary care practices who were 40-69 years of age and had no history of prostate cancer .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This data supports the utilization of standard CA125 response criteria in the therapeutic monitoring for patients receiving IP treatment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Cluster randomised controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Our results suggest that ondansetron ( particularly the 4 microg/kg twice per day dosage ) is an effective treatment for patients with early-onset alcoholism , presumably by ameliorating an underlying serotonergic abnormality .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The 72-month event-free survival rate for the composite end point of death or chronic renal failure was higher in the mycophenolate mofetil and azathioprine groups than in the cyclophosphamide group ( P = 0.05 and P = 0.009 , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Statistical significance was assessed by t tests .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The mean IOPs at all the time points after treatment were significantly reduced compared with pre-treatment levels ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This post hoc analysis evaluated the effect of lurasidone on depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: No significant intergroup differences in general well-being or any other outcome variable were found .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The SR test also significantly improved over time in both the study groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , few breast cancer trials comparing adjuvant conventional radiotherapy ( CR ) and hypofractionated tomotherapy ( TT ) have investigated HRQOL .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: A subgroup analysis of those patients receiving the highest dose of immunotherapy ( 3 tablets 3 times a week ) showed a highly significant response for rhinitis and conjunctivitis total scores by comparison to lower dosages .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The total exercising time was no longer than 45 minutes in each group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This single-site , randomized controlled trial examined the efficacy of 40 hours of FET with conventional occupational therapy ( COT ) compared with COT alone to improve grasping .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: No differences were seen in duration of surgery , intraoperative opioid and supplemental analgesic requirements .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 19,000 Patients in 28 randomised trials .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The extra cost of pound323 .85 in the laparoscopic group was mainly due to additional theatre time and increased equipment and sterilization costs .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To compare the safety and clinical efficacy provided by limbal anaesthesia with topical anaesthesia in cataract surgery .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In a randomized double-blind study , 18 women , 47 to 63 years of age and with normal BP ( N = 9 ) or treated essential hypertension ( N = 9 ) , received a 3-week course of a slow-release melatonin pill ( 3 mg ) or placebo 1 h before going to bed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The superior penetration of moxifloxacin into the AH may be attributed partially to its high degree of lipophilicity , greater solubility at neutral pH , and higher concentration in the commercial formulation .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>Wonderful. I'll remember these key points.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-06 00:00]\n<User>The following are classification examples with their corresponding labels:\n\nSample: Outcomes are measured at baseline , at 6 weeks , 3 , 6 , 12 , and 24 months post-operatively by blinded research assistants and musculoskeletal radiologists .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Even though the clinical suppression of puberty was adequate with both modes of administration , the effect of the depot preparation , in this study Suprefact Depot , was more pronounced in terms of gonadotropin suppression and less dependent on patient compliance .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This study was registered at : http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/home , NCT00607919 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Hot flashes represent a significant clinical problem for some breast cancer survivors .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The rate of hypoglycaemia ( < or = 40 mg/dl ) was 1.7 % in the standard insulin therapy group and 8.5 % in the intensive insulin therapy group ( RR : 5.04 ; 95 % CI : 1.20 to 21.12 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The results were evaluated by unpaired t-test and analysis of variance .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: It has been suggested that the histamine subtype 3 receptor inverse agonists such as MK-0249 might be effective in treating attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Evaluate the utility of overnight monitoring limited to nasal cannula airflow and oximetry in the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome ( OSAHS ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Blood loss within 30 minutes of delivery was recorded .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: An eight-bed Paediatric Intensive Care Unit ( PICU ) in an inner city teaching hospital .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Although antidepressants are widely prescribed as analgesics in chronic back pain , their clinical pharmacology is not well established .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: After 2 protocol violations , 156 patients were randomized to the abdominal drainage group and 161 to the no abdominal drainage group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Clinicians who prescribe brinzolamide should expect similar ocular hypotensive responses from brinzolamide and dorzolamide .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The trial failed to document benefit of cariporide over placebo on the primary end point of death or MI assessed after 36 days .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Pre/posttesting included submaximal treadmill test , six-repetition maximum chest press and leg press , YMCA bench press , shoulder/hip flexibility , and bioelectric impedance analysis body composition .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: HF hospitalisations are associated with a high subsequent mortality .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The primary objective was to determine the macro - and micronutrient composition of the different diets , the secondary objective was to determine the short-term effect on HbA ( 1c ) levels .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The unadjusted odds ratio for 30-day mortality in nonsmokers was 3.36 ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] 2.08 to 5.41 ) , 1.21 ( 95 % CI 0.71 to 2.08 ) after adjustment for age and gender and 1.08 ( 95 % CI 0.59 to 1.96 ) after adjustment for all clinical baseline characteristics .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In part 2 , the incidence of suspected infections was greater in the canakinumab group than in the placebo group ( P = 0.03 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The inflammatory response was measured by Interleukin 6 ( IL-6 ) and complement factor 3a ( C3a ) at three different time points , before surgery , 2h after surgery , as well as 18 h after surgery .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Although different treatments may seem to be equally effective , this does not have to be true for all classes of patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Within multivariate analyses , pre-treatment log [ CA 19-9 ] ( as continuous variable for TTP ) and log [ bilirubin ] as well as log [ CRP ] ( for OS ) had an independent prognostic value .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Statistically significant differences were not observed between both groups for anthropometric data , quality of analgesia , and the development of nausea and vomiting .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Outcome measures included arthritis self-efficacy , use of self-management techniques , pain intensity and daily activity .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The secondary outcome measures were the incidence of vomiting at 0-3h and 0-24h and the frequency of vomiting at 0-24h .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Urinary excretion of iodine was assayed by the Sandell-Kolthoff method .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Hyperglycaemia is associated with serious complications , significant morbidity and death .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Thirty-four postpartum women ( body mass index = 24.5 3.4 kgm ) were randomized to an AVG group or a control group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The primary outcome measure was 10 week change in total volume of PA using the mean accelerometer count per minute ( cpm ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Using behavioral enactment procedures , children 's knowledge and behaviors related to fire safety were compared to a control group of children before and after receiving the intervention .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was no significant difference between both groups regarding anatomical success .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The mean pain score was 1.15 in group 1 and 3.89 in the placebo group ( P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This prospective study was carried out to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates by disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration ( MIC ) by E - test with special reference to azithromycin .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: This observation seems to be related to surgical practice , primarily lymphadenectomy .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The Stroke Unit at The James Cook University Hospital , Middlesbrough , UK .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Wonderful. I'll remember these key points.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-07 00:00]\n<User>Here are some examples with classification labels to remember:\n\nSample: The design innovations address problems and challenges identified in adolescent smoking cessation literature .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: All participants were instructed to rate the intensity and unpleasantness of every stimulus on a VAS scale .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Mean eGFR did not change significantly .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Labial and lingual sensations were not altered in all the techniques .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Our group recently conducted a single-blind study with tamoxifen in acute mania and found that it significantly decreased manic symptoms within a short period of time ( 3-7 days ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Based on the same standardized somatic treatment , the psychotherapy and control groups were compared after a 1-year treatment period and a follow-up of another year with regard to somatic course and psychosocial situation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Gram-negative infections were frequent ( 27 % ) and appeared to respond best to a combination of tobramycin and ciprofloxacin .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After a median follow-up period of 24.5 months , the recurrence rate was 25.7 % for the UFT group and 43.3 % for the control group ( P = 0.015 , log-rank test ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At the end of therapy , both treatments were comparable ( p > 0.05 ) with respect to average pain intensity from day 1 to day 10 , changes in WOMAC scores and resolution of baseline signs and symptoms .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The study was conducted with methodological rigor based on the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials criteria .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After controlling for 3-month albumin , hospital-discharge albumin was not significantly associated with long-term mortality .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We also expect the Th1/Th17 proinflammatory response to shift towards the more anti-inflammatory Th2 response .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The trial was designed to test the equivalence of the two treatment arms ; i.e. , the induction chemotherapy treatment would be judged equivalent to immediate surgery if the relative risk of death for induction chemotherapy compared with immediate surgery was significantly less than 1.43 using a one-sided hypothesis test at the .05 level of significance .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Ice pack treatment is a safe , inexpensive , and non-invasive method for pre-hospital management in patients with centipede envenomation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Percentages with high pretreatment inter-visit IOP ranges were comparable across treatments ( 63 % to 64 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Reduction of blood pressure was similar and satisfactory during treatment with both drugs .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The number of attempts necessary to intubate the trachea differed significantly among VLSs ( average 2.6 + / - 1.0 attempts for the GlideScope , 1.4 + / - 0.7 for the Storz , and 2.9 + / - 0.9 for the McGrath VLS ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A randomised controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: By contrast , the airway response to mannitol was reduced by almost a doubling dose ( P = .02 ) after allergen .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: An immune-enhancing diet has been used to alter eicosanoid synthesis , cytokine production , and immune function in an attempt to limit the undesired immune reactions after injury from surgery .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Further factors analysed included the patient 's prior bowel habit and the presence of diverticula at colonoscopy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Loss of external rotation was observed in 15 patients ( 20 in 8 patients , 10 in 4 patients , 5 in 3 patients ) in the open surgery group , and in nine patients ( 20 in 3 patients , 10 in 6 patients ) in the arthroscopic repair group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: CBASP , developed specifically to treat chronic depression , uses a specific procedure , ` situational analysis ' to help patients engage in more effective goal-oriented interpersonal behaviours .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Orlistat is a weight management agent that selectively inhibits gastrointestinal lipase activity .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: General practitioners ( GPs ) play a critical role in the treatment of patients with cancer ; yet often lack information for optimal care .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The use of hygienic wipes , the safety behaviour used in this experiment , did not preclude significant reductions in contamination , disgust , fear and danger .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Although needle insertion led to analgesia and improvement in other somatic symptoms , correct needle location and stimulation were not crucial .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We report 24-month continence rates , complications and symptom outcomes from a randomized equivalence trial .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: It was poorly used , and the authors designed two community interventions to strengthen the implementation of ASL based on the results of a study of barriers to use among back pain patients , employers , general practitioners ( GPs ) , and local National Insurance Administration staff .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Thirty patients with asthma ( 15 men ) , mean age 43 , mean forced expiratory volume in the first second ( FEV ( 1 ) ) 71.4 % of predicted , were included .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twelve volunteers in each dosage group were randomized to receive MVA-CMDR or placebo ( 102 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After a median follow-up of 35 months , invasive fungal infections had developed in 4.1 percent of the patients in the fluconazole group ( 9 of 217 ) and in 10.9 percent of those in the clotrimazole group ( 23 of 211 ; relative hazard , as adjusted for the CD4 + count , 3.3 ; 95 percent confidence interval , 1.5 to 7.6 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: BUN and creatinine are within normal limits and are decreased after the use of colloidal solutions .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: group C was as control group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Body mass index was unchanged ( P = 0.94 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A selenium supplementation trial was carried out with prospectively genotyped individuals of both homozygote genotypes for this SNP .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The objective of our study was to determine which ultrasound power density ( 0.5 W/cm ( 2 ) or 1 W/cm ( 2 ) ) is more effective at reducing the area and volume of leg ulceration .\n\nLabels: 3\n<Assistant>Wonderful. I'll remember these key points.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-08 00:00]\n<User>I'm providing classification data with labels for your reference:\n\nSample: The 10-week theory-based culturally sensitive intervention focused on healthy eating , physical activity , and stress management messages that were delivered via an interactive DVD and reinforced by five peer-support group teleconferences .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01270737 .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Two hundred five Medicaid-eligible women enrolled in a prenatal clinic were randomly assigned to receive a $ 5.00 gift certificate ( N = 51 ) or a gift certificate and a chance to win a $ 100 raffle ( N = 53 ) for each prenatal appointment they kept .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To date , no scientific data are available on the clinical and pharmacokinetic effects of these anaesthetic protocols on antimicrobial IV-RLP , which is believed to result in better tourniquet efficiency due to decreased movement .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: An in vitro study using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from JCPsis subjects indicated that strains of the B fragilis group induced significantly more helper T cell ( T ( H ) ) type2 cytokines ( interleukin [ IL ] -6 ) but fewer T ( H ) 1 cytokines ( IL-12 and interferon ) compared with those of bifidobacteria .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Anecdotal case reports and animal models have suggested that the administration of CaNa2EDTA ( EDTA ) may be effective in reducing the absorption of iron after an oral iron overdose .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The overall aim is to reduce maternal haemorrhagic morbidity and its attendant risks at elective caesarean section .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Furthermore , pulmonary function tests ( PFTs ) were performed before and after the work shift for exposed subjects and once during the work shift for referent subjects .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A total of 888 patients received treatment ( 294 and 594 patients in the T80/H25 and T80 groups , respectively ) ( mean age , 57.0 years ; age 65 years , 25.7 % ; male , 53.8 % ; white , 68.0 % ) ; 61 patients prematurely discontinued .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Despite the augmented immunosuppression , 1-year patient and graft survival rates did not differ significantly across groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Fever was induced each day with 100,000 IU/kg of interleukin-2 administered intravenously ( elapsed time zero ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Only pediatric patients ( 2 to 14 years old ) fulfilling the WHO criteria for DSS and new to resuscitation treatments were eligible .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The results indicate that the controlled-release properties of this formulation are maintained in the presence of alcohol .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Previously , a randomized double-blinded trial ( HIPPO [ Hemodialysis Infection Prevention With Polysporin Ointment ] Study ) showed that application of a topical polyantibiotic ointment at the CVC exit site decreased CVC-related infections , including bacteremias and their adverse consequences .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The study was carried out from 1994 to 1997 in the Southern , rural plains District of Sarlahi , Nepal .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Romifidine led to more severe hypotension than detomidine , despite administration of dobutamine to more romifidine-treated horses .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Examiners were blinded to invCVP and previous examinations .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were no significant effects of ATD administration on verbal declarative memory function .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There is no long-term benefit associated with either technique over the other .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Two patients in the normothermic group had minor neurologic complications .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Artificial carious lesions were induced using a de-mineralizing solution .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To report the design and baseline results of a rewards-based incentive to promote purchase of fruit and vegetables by lower-income households .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: All 4258 children in second through sixth grade were screened .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Small improvements in function and perception of recovery were observed in both groups , with no definite advantage of the WHO .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Oxygen flow , inspired oxygen , expired CO ( 2 ) , peak inspired and expired mask pressures , time to reach scrubber canister saturation or `` breakthrough '' ( postscrubber CO ( 2 ) concentration reaching 3.8 mm Hg ) , and subject tolerance were measured under standard laboratory conditions .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These showed high satisfaction with the programme and its outcome .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: One ( 4.1 % ) of the 24 patients in dalteparin group , and 9 ( 39.1 % ) of 23 patients in aspirin group developed iris neovascularization .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patient satisfaction in the bipolar group was 81 % ( 56/69 ) compared with 77 % ( 27/35 ) in the balloon group [ relative risk , 1.1 ( 95 % CI , 0.82-1 .2 ) ] .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: For the conventional acupuncture group , the acupuncture was practiced at Neixiyan ( EX-LE4 ) and Dubi ( ST 35 ) of the affected limb , Yanglingquan ( GB 34 ) , Liangqiu ( ST 34 ) , Xuehai ( SP 10 ) and Xiyangguan ( GB 33 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: NANSY is a randomised , placebo-controlled Swedish-Norwegian study which aims to include 2 x 1112 male and female subjects with impaired fasting glucose ( IFG ) , to assess whether conversion to type 2 diabetes can be delayed by addition of sulphonylurea to dietary regulation and increased exercise .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Pharmacokinetic parameters evaluated included maximal plasma concentration of clobetasol propionate , time to achieve maximum concentration , and area under the curve .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To compare dual vs. triple antiplatelet pre-treatment in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome ( NSTE ACS ) who were planned for early catheterization .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Consent process was the strongest predictor of compliance .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In a prospective , randomized , patient - and observer-blinded clinical study , 33 patients with primary osteoarthritis of the knee were included .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Of these , 122 were adenocarcinomas : 75 of intestinal type , 30 of diffuse type , and 17 of mixed type .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To evaluate the clinical efficacy , cost-effectiveness , and safety of presurgical devascularization of meningiomas .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: SAEs were reported by 5.5 % and 11.8 % of participants in the CYD-TDV and placebo groups , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: These results indicate that the serum KS level is not suitable as a biomarker of the effects of short-term physical loading of the back induced by a manual lifting task .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>I understand. I'll keep this in mind.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-09 00:00]\n<User>The following classification examples include important label information:\n\nSample: Sedation scores were significantly lower in group I when compared with groups II and III at 1 , 3 , 5 , and 10 minutes after administration of the spinal anesthetic ( P = 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Oral estradiol reduced LDL cholesterol concentrations by 14 + / - 3 percent ( P less than 0.005 ) , because LDL catabolism increased by 36 + / - 7 percent ( P less than 0.005 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: BiClamp ( ) technique with multimodal anaesthesia has advantages from surgical , anaesthesiology and economic point of view .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Abdominal acupuncture may be more effective in improving menstrual frequency , BMI , and WHR , with few adverse effects .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In stable coronary artery disease , no correlation exists between baseline PRI and the severity and extent of coronary atherosclerosis .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To study the mechanisms of hepatitis B vaccine non-response , we examined hepatitis B virus surface antigen ( HBsAg ) - induced proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMC ) obtained from hepatitis B ( HB ) vaccinees .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Acupuncture therapy is effective in lowering FLP level , which may contribute to its clinical effect in improving type-II DM .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: No definitive conclusion on recurrence rates of primary or recurrent basal-cell carcinomas is yet possible .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Of the 9 children subsequently treated with 0.8 mg .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 1,106 ( 55 % ) placebo patients consistently maintained an Hb level 9 g/dL and received no protocol-directed darbepoetin alfa .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Cerebral and myocardial measures were not significantly different between groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 6/10 patients indicated that morphine improved their breathlessness .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was no sign of intraocular infection at any time and only minimal inflammation beyond day 3 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twelve weeks after treatment , patients were reassessed in terms of severity of depression and diabetic status .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: One important application is prevention and control of type 2 diabetes among American Indians .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The papilla bleeding index values of the HA group were 1.6 at T1 , 1.0 at T2 , and 0.7 at T3 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: MacroGenics , the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation , and Eli Lilly .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: TPM produced no significant change in any of the four target EEG measures or on the AMT , even though several target cognitive tests revealed moderate or greater negative effects .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In this double-blind placebo-controlled study , 31 cancer patients received subcutaneous r-HuEPO in a dose of 300 IU/kg body weight plus 100 mg iron intravenously ( study group ) and 32 patients received placebo medication and iron ( control group ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Generalized Estimating Equations were used to perform repeated measures analyses .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The sample was randomly split into two approximately equal samples .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Non-blinded , randomised , observational four-period crossover study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Effectiveness of Gel-200 by WOMAC pain subscores was statistically significant at week 13 ( P = 0.037 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Women with a continuing pregnancy were managed with surgical termination .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Tamsulosin also improves stone clearance after shock wave lithotripsy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: DietMatePro may improve adherence to dietary regimens compared to paper-based methods .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Randomized controlled trial ( Canadian Task Force classification I ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Steep Trendelenburg tilt ( TT ) and pneumoperitoneum ( PP ) are challenging anesthesia maneuvers .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Intensive care unit of a referral hospital in Eastern Switzerland .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Terbinafine was well tolerated ; most adverse events were transient and mild to moderate in severity .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Trial results could benefit patients and reduce health system costs through a reduction in hospitalisations and through lower incidence of adverse events currently observed with standard treatment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Participants were allocated at random to one of five groups : headphones and iPod only , no soundtrack ( control group ) ; reconstructed ambient noise simulating an ED but free of clear verbalisations ; electroacoustic musical composition ; composed non-musical soundtracks derived from audio field recordings obtained from natural and constructed settings ; sound composition of audio field recordings with embedded binaural beat .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This study was done to measure the effect of Na + intake on blood pressure and albuminuria , in relation with insulin sensitivity and kidney haemodynamics , in Type 2 diabetic patients with and without microalbuminuria .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adding human menopausal gonadotrophin ( HMG ) during controlled ovarian stimulation in normoovulatory normogonadotrophic patients showing an initial suboptimal response to a standardized long protocol therapy with recombinant FSH ( rFSH ) ( 300 IU/day ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Median follow-up was 42 months ( range , 1-83 months ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the medicine group , flunarizine hydrochloride capsules ( Sibelium ) , 5mg were prescribed for oral administration , once every night .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No significant differences between the 2 groups were observed with regard to cardiac troponin I and CK-MB values at admission and at 6 , 12 , and 24 hours thereafter ; peak values before coronary angiography ; and peak values of index event .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Our purpose was to evaluate the efficacy of a triphasic , combination OC ( ORTHO TRI-CYCLEN [ Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical , Raritan , N.J. ] , norgestimate/ethinyl estradiol ) compared with placebo in the treatment of moderate acne vulgaris .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Linear variables evidenced a statistically significant drug-induced decrease , whereas nonlinear variables showed significant increases .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Because the telescope reduced the field of view to 13 degrees , we also tested a different group of eight visually normal adults who wore a simple monocular tube that restricted the field of view to 13 degrees .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These results from a population of generally healthy physicians indicate that a report of a history of cataract is not associated with any material increase in mortality after adjustment for differences in age between men with and without cataract .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There were no significant differences in hemodynamics between the groups in the period before or after cardiopulmonary bypass ( CPB ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In alcoholics with major depression , the drug may reduce depressive symptoms .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Bone healing was achieved in all patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A total of 98 men older than 18 years with at least a 6-month ED history were enlisted and divided into two groups to receive once-daily treatment with tadalafil at 5 mg ( n = 60 ) and 20 mg ( n = 38 ) , respectively , for 12 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At Week 0 patients were examined , prescribed acetaminophen , and either placebo or glucosamine hydrochloride ( glucosamine ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Pre-intervention , co-therapy was most common with previous ulcer/haemorrhage [ 706/1107 ( 64 % ) ] and 3-4 risk factors [ 331/519 ( 64 % ) ] .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thanks for the information. I've saved it.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-10 00:00]\n<User>These labeled training examples are for classification:\n\nSample: These data demonstrate that ARBs prescribed at their recommended doses do not block renal tubular AT1 receptors as effectively as vascular receptors do .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Moreover , percent healed area at the end of the study did not differ significantly .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Primary outcomes were the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index and Patients ' Global Impression of Change .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Erythrocyte lipids were extracted from venous blood samples and their FA composition was determined by gas chromatography .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of two different frequencies of rTMS on motor recovery and on cortical excitability up to 1 year post-treatment .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The sensitivity and specificity on the flashlight test were 45.5 % and 82.7 % respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To measure effects of a discharge software application of computerized physician order entry ( CPOE ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: With the use of a donor-site block in hamstring ACL reconstruction , the donor-site pain level , as well as the overall requirement for fentanyl and morphine , was significantly reduced in the first 6 postoperative hours .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Subjects then consumed sodas and capsules with placebo , aspartame , or sucrose for 20 d each .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Periodontal treatment did not significantly alter the level of any biomarker ( P > 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Because PT reduced the incidence of tuberculosis , eligible placebo subjects were offered H. Here , tuberculosis and mortality rates are compared in the three original arms ( intention to treat ) using data beyond the end of the trial ( average follow-up 3 years ; maximum 7 years ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Of the 579 women enrolled in the study , 260 were treated with zolmitriptan and 251 were assigned placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Apart from these two , no other factors improved the diagnosis in the previously screened group compared with the never screened group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of citalopram for climacteric symptoms and to assess the combined effect of citalopram and hormone therapy ( HT ) on climacteric symptoms in women inadequately responsive to HT alone .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Functional outcome was based on the pooled symmetry index ( derived from isokinetic knee extension strength and 3 one-legged hop tests ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Further research is required to assess the optimum timing of this intervention and the population that would most benefit from its use .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The purpose of the SCANDSTENT study was to evaluate the use of sirolimus-eluting stents ( SES ) in complex coronary lesions .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Sternal perfusion showed a significant increase on postoperative scans compared with that at baseline ( 1067 + / - 191 counts/pixel vs 919 + / - 102 counts/pixel for the right half , P < .001 ; 1064 + / - 179 counts/pixel vs 905 + / - 107 counts/pixel for the left half , P < .001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Tumors with similarly negative p53 and Bcl-2 , but low Ki-67 staining , with an organized pattern , benefit significantly from CHART schedule .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A total of 52 patients were evaluated in this study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The methods of determining the starting dose in this predominantly skin phototype I and II population , treated 3 times weekly , with a 20 % followed by 10 % incremental reduction in dose , did not significantly influence the effectiveness of treatment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The subjects in each group were injected with a mixture of 0.5 mL dexamethasone suspension and 3 mL lidocaine into the subacromial bursa .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The physiological response was tested in vitro using an organ chamber on vein segments exposed to acetylcholine after precontraction with potassium .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The present trial comparing conventional radiotherapy to a split course bifractionated radiation therapy failed to demonstrate significant improvement in locoregional control and survival in experimental arm which was associated with more grade II-III skin fibrosis .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Of 59 patients , 33 eligible patients were included and randomized in an intervention ( n = 17 , mean + / - SD age 10.6 + / - 1.5 years ) or control waiting-list group ( n = 16 , mean + / - SD age 10.8 + / - 1.4 years ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A significant correlation was found between VEGF gene expression and late luminal loss in both groups ( BMS : r = 0.98 , P < 0.001 ; SES : r = 0.65 , P = 0.002 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: TIMP-1 concentration was reduced , whereas TIMP-2 and -4 concentrations were elevated at baseline compared with a reference control population .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , air medical transported more severely injured patients with more advanced life support procedures and longer prehospital time .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Other maternal and neonatal outcomes were also evaluated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was 1 death unrelated to previous herniorrhaphy in each group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were also no significant differences between groups on secondary outcomes .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: OCR lenses were Corneal Refractive Therapy ( CRT ) lenses by Paragon .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Our findings did not corroborate observed protective effects of testosterone on cardiovascular risk factors or risk of ischaemic heart disease among men , but raises the possibility that higher testosterone may be associated with an unhealthier lipid profile .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The best treatment and management of stroke patients has been shown to be in stroke units by multidisciplinary rehabilitation teams .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: No sutures were used in all soft tissue cases managed with the diode laser and this was significant ( P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Randomised crossover trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Prospective randomized multicenter clinical trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Microbiological samples from the root canals were cultivated on selective plates , and the identification was done by micromorphology , macromorphology and different API strips as well as bacterial counts ( colony forming units ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Measurements were performed at baseline and 6 months after randomization to placebo or irbesartan 300 mg/day .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study addressed the efficacy and toxicity of the novel compound Bryostatin-1 ( NSC 339555 ) , a novel agent with antineoplastic , hematopoietic and immunomodulatory activity in a variety of in vitro and in vivo systems .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Ramsey 's sedation scale and modified Steward 's recovery scale was used for evaluation of consciousness .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The primary outcome of the study is mortality from supplementation to 6 months of age .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The incidence of drug-related AEs was similar among the treatment groups ( L100/25 , 7.5 % [ 13 of 173 ] ; L50/12 .5 , 7.1 % [ 13 of 184 ] ; and PBO , 11.2 % [ 10 of 89 ] ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Among the nutrients recorded at baseline , substantial deficiencies ( 27 % ) were only observed for vitamin D. However , other than an association showing that higher iron at baseline was correlated with higher baseline depression scores , baseline nutrient levels were not correlated with baseline psychiatric variables/current clinical characteristics .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary outcome was improvement in a pain visual analogue score ( VAS ) of 20 % at 24 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Sera were randomly selected from 300 stored samples of children and adolescents who had been evaluated by history , skin prick tests , and DBPCFCs .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Perfect. I've stored this information in my memory."]
[{"question": "Sentence: Twenty-four consecutive patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy received standard drug therapy were randomly divided into intracoronary injection of autologous mesenchymal stem cells ( treated , n = 12 ) or saline ( control , n = 12 ) groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Radiographs at baseline , Week 28 , and Week 52 were scored using van der Heijde-Sharp ( vdH-S ) methodology .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: After the operation , the surgical time , cost , pain ( VAS scores ) , Popeye sign , cramping pain , constant scores , satisfaction level and the elbow flexion and forearm supination strength indices were recorded .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The perceived sedative activity of ebastine 30 mg was also reflected in the subjective reports on the LSEQ on day 1 ( p < 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The women were randomly assigned either to an intervention group ( n = 1115 ) that received four to six home visits from a nurse or social worker in addition to routine prenatal care or to a control group ( n = 1120 ) that received only routine prenatal care ( with a mean of eight prenatal visits ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Among the cataract operated participants , 43 ( 39.4 % ) were bilaterally operated on , 32.1 % had presenting visual acuity less than 0.10 in both eyes with 8.3 % greater than or equal to 0.32 in both eyes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Ten volunteers received three different treatments in random order at 7-day intervals : ( 1 ) SGB with 7 ml of 1 % lidocaine ; ( 2 ) an identical volume of normal saline injected at the same site as SGB ; and ( 3 ) an identical volume of 1 % lidocaine injected intramuscularly .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients were randomized to receive EXU ( n = 316 ) or subcutaneous ( SC ) insulin ( n = 311 ) for 2 years ( comparative phase ) , followed by 6 months of SC insulin ( washout phase ) and 6 months of original therapy ( readministration ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: ms , BRS 4.9 + / - 0.2 vs 3.6 + / - 0.3 ms/mmHg ) ( all P < 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Tolerance to the acute bronchoprotective effect of salbutamol was also significant after regular use of salmeterol for seven doses .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: This prospective randomized study assessed whether routinely using a steerable sheath affects procedure outcomes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: To evaluate how much the improvement of lower urinary tract symptoms ( LUTS ) affects sexual function and which storage symptoms or voiding symptoms have the greatest effect on sexual function .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The pre-swallowing particle sizes were significantly greater for the sliced almonds than all other varieties .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The results of this study suggest that directed punch biopsy trauma does not have a significant effect on the immediate natural history of CIN .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was nonsignificant difference in the endometrial thickness , and PI/RI values of the uterine artery , spiral artery , and ovarian dominant follicle between both groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Longer term follow-up beyond 2 years would allow for a more thorough evaluation of the risk of reruptures or contralateral reruptures using this novel approach .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Postprandial gastric emptying rate [ assessed by paracetamol absorption ( liquid phase ) and the C-octanoate breath test ( solid phase ) ] displayed no treatment differences .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In Group I , serum fluoride and NAG did not change .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Children were randomly allocated to the interventional group ( IG ) , in which oral care with chlorhexidine was administered , or to the placebo group ( PG ) , which received oral care without antiseptic use .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Additional samples were homogenized for assay of mitochondrial respiratory function .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Participants were classified as Completely Adherent ( completed all visits ) , Partly Adherent ( missed > 1 visit or major portion of a visit ) , or Inactive ( did not participate for > 5 years ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , this relationship appears clinically insufficient to guide the initiation of thrombolytic therapy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The addition of Ox 0.03 mg/kg .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: We did a double-blind , randomised , placebo-controlled study of rhGH in patients with chronic heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The purpose of this study was to assess the status of 156 adult volunteers with major depressive disorder ( MDD ) 6 months after completion of a study in which they were randomly assigned to a 4-month course of aerobic exercise , sertraline therapy , or a combination of exercise and sertraline .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Before and after the application of pain reliever tablets , visual analog scale ( VAS ) and numerical rating scale ( NRS ) were used to inquire whether the agents were effective in relieving pain .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Treatment with HuMax-CD4 led to a moderate , not statistically significant reduction in PASI .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: We used functional magnetic resonance brain imaging ( fMRI ) to investigate neural effects of peripheral inflammation following typhoid vaccination in 16 healthy men , using a double-blind , randomized , crossover-controlled design .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This study investigates the bowel function in outdoor runners drinking sweetened solutions both by determination of H2 in exhaled air and asking about intestinal discomfort .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: A multicenter , double-blind , randomized , parallel-group trial design was chosen to assess the antiepileptic efficacy of OXC as monotherapy in a refractory epilepsy patient population .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Free PDGF-D in the serum bound to CR002 in a reversible manner , as shown in the lowest dose cohort .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Currently , there are over 400 smoking cessation smartphone apps available , downloaded an estimated 780,000 times per month .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The aim of this study was to compare diagnostic performance and reproducibility of 3 different methods of quantifying stenosis on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography ( CEMRA ) , with intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography ( DSA ) as the reference standard .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: CO ( 2 ) insufflation can be used as safely as air insufflation during ESD under deep sedation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The GA group received general anaesthesia PCA and PCA with opioids ( fentanyl 6 microg ml ( -1 ) and tramadol 3 mg ml ( -1 ) ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: RS and SS were associated with a low stroke rate .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Although our sample size was small , we recommend that vacuum delivery be avoided if the foetal head is palpable per abdomen .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Its treatment is uncertain .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Although robotic surgery decreases pain compared to laparotomy , postoperative pain can be a concern near the site of a larger assistant trocar site .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation ( RSDN ) appears to be an effective adjunctive treatment for refractory hypertension , and may be beneficial in other conditions characterized by SNS overactivity , such as left ventricular hypertrophy and atrial arrhythmias .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The aim of this study was to assess the role of short oral administration of rapamycin , without loading dose , in the reduction of restenosis rate after bare metal stent implantation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Guidewire technique for bile duct cannulation lowers likelihood of post-ERCP pancreatitis by facilitating cannulation and reducing need for precut sphincterotomy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The calculated plasma exogenous insulin concentrations after NPH insulin were substantially higher than those with insulin glargine , reaching a peak within the first 6 h after administration before declining .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The efficacy of prostate cancer screening is uncertain , and professional organizations recommend educating patients about potential harms and benefits .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Drinking behavior , and consequently the risk to develop alcohol problems , is influenced in part by one 's subjective response to alcohol .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Corneal sensitivity appears to be more disturbed in DM2 than in DM1 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: To compare patient satisfaction with 3 different postpartum contraceptive counseling methods .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients who had varus gonarthrosis were screened for eligibility .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A set of five clinical characteristics can be used in randomized studies to select lower back pain that will be well relieved by facet joint anesthesia .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Thirty-seven subjects were included ; 19 subjects were treated in the target ( US ) group and 18 in the control ( no-US ) group , all with no residual flow in the middle cerebral artery main stem occlusion ( Thrombolysis in Brain Ischemia recanalization grade 0 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The 5-year overall survival ( OS ) was greater with VMPT-VT ( 61 % ) than with VMP ( 51 % ; HR , 0.70 ; P = .01 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The incidence of complications in both groups and the satisfaction of patients and surgeons were compared by applying a standardized questionnaire .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Volunteers who took iron supplements , even those with serum ferritin < 21 microg/L ( n = 5 ) , adapted to absorb less nonheme iron ( 3.2 % at week 12 compared with 5.0 % at week 0 , P : < 0.001 ) but not less heme iron from a beef-based meal .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Peritonsillar dexamethasone infiltration was more effective than both levobupivacaine and saline in reducing post-tonsillectomy pain .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Compared to LO-PA subjects , both SUS-PA and UNSUS-PA subjects reported greater improvement in FIQ-PI ( P < 0.01 ) and FIQ total score ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The study cohort consisted of men aged 35 to 57 years screened for the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial ( MRFIT ) in 1973 through 1975 and followed for survival for an average of 16 years through 1990 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The number of cerebral desaturation events ( CDEs ) ( defined as a 20 % reduction in Sct ( O ) from baseline values ) was recorded .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Thirty single-rooted permanent teeth scheduled for extraction because of periodontal disease were selected from 10 adult patients ( ranging from 45 to 67years ) and divided into three groups of 10 teeth .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Subjects were randomized to one of three continuous combined conjugated estrogens ( CE ) / medroxyprogesterone acetate ( MPA ) doses : CE/MPA ( in mg/day ) = 0.625 / 2.5 ; 0.45 / 1.5 ; and 0.3 / 1.5 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The most common clinical diagnosis was complicated erysipelas ( 32.1 % moxifloxacin ; 30.0 % amoxicillin / clavulanate ) and major abscess ( 31.1 % moxifloxacin ; 29.3 % amoxicillin/clavulanate ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: To assess the effectiveness of a helium-oxygen mixture in reducing post-extubation stridor in children hospitalized for burns or trauma .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The increase in time needed to run 9 m ( P = .005 ) and to climb 4 standard-sized stairs ( P = .02 ) was significantly lower during the prednisone period .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was no significant difference in headache relief between arthroplasty and arthrodesis .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The aim of this study was to compare bone healing and crestal bone changes following immediate ( Im ) versus delayed ( De ) placement of titanium dental implants with acid-etched surfaces ( Osseotite ) in extraction sockets .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: To observe the effect of Qinwen Baidu Decoction ( QBD ) in treating snake bite induced dissseminated intravascular coagulation ( DIC ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: All mothers completed the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire ( BISQ ) on a weekly basis and a daily sleep diary , as well as completed the Profile of Mood States .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Depression ratings ( SIGH-ADS ; http://www.cet.org ) decrease averaged 82 % ( SD = 17 % ) from baseline ( P < 0.0001 ) in both white - and blue-light groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Neither gabapentin dose produced evidence of next-day residual effects as measured by DSST and SSS .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The median operative time was longer in the LESS TEP group ( 63.5 min ) than in the conventional TEP group ( 50.5 min ) ( p = 0.001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: At study entry , prevalences for anti-nucleosome , anti-dsDNA , anti-histone and anti-C1q autoantibodies were 81 % , 96 % , 23 % and 65 % , respectively .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The control group , consisting of 142 patients , received topical 1 percent lidocaine and 1 percent hydrocortisone acetate gel during therapy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: During the clinical laboratory session , a drink of alcohol ( 0.4 mg/kg for men , 0.34 mg/kg for women ) was provided in a bar-like setting .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Eyelid changes have been reported with silicone hydrogel contact lenses .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Oral vardenafil therapy has a high efficacy and a low incidence of adverse events for ED patients with mixed etiologies .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , after the fatigue-inducing tasks , although subjective perception of fatigue , motivation , or sleepiness was not significantly different , plasma branched-chain amino acid levels in the caffeine group were lower than those of the placebo group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The design of these and similar drug trials in children with autistic disorder must take into account the possibility of a large placebo response .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Telmisartan and candesartan administration tended to lower urinary albumin excretion .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Overall 5-year survival was not significantly different for patients who received ELND or nodal observation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In the multiple-dose study , 34 subjects were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups : OXN FDC 40/20 mg , oxycodone PR 40 mg , or naloxone PR 20 mg .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Antibodies were detected using a solid-phase ( Luminex ) , single-bead assay , and all tests were performed simultaneously .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Survival analysis indicated that the percentage of patients reporting meaningful pain relief by 30 minutes was significantly ( p < 0.05 ) greater in the benzocaine group than in the placebo group ( 77 % for benzocaine and 47 % for placebo ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: To evaluate interobserver agreement and time-trend in chest CT assessment of emphysema , airways , and interstitial abnormalities in a lung cancer screening cohort .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Withdrawals included 9 ( 20.9 % ) from the 10-mg group and 3 ( 7.3 % ) from the 60-mg group ( P NS ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Median ( IQR ) follow-up was 605 days ( 244-1171 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Based on data from an open-label trial of albuterol in 15 patients with facioscapulohumeral dystrophy ( FSHD ) , the authors conducted a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial of sustained-release albuterol in this disease .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: One-year double-blind , placebo-controlled cohort study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Following muscular paralysis with succinylcholine and hypnosis , bitemporal ECT was applied .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients perceived the 2 regimens as equally comfortable and effective ( P = .35 and P = .35 , respectively ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In the compliant impedance control mode , spatial kinematic variability was increased and interaction torques were reduced , but temporal kinematic variability , heart rate and muscle activity were not significantly higher than in the position control mode .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: We randomized 35 primary care practices in Ontario to either Guidelines-care ( following current Canadian guidelines ) or STITCH2-care ( following a treatment algorithm featuring SPCs ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A one-sided 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) for the mean difference in volume reduction ratio 6 months after treatment was calculated to test for noninferiority .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The compartmental kinetic parameters of CBZ and CBZ-E were simultaneously fitted by assuming : i ) one compartment open model with zero order absorption with lag time , and first order elimination for CBZ and ii ) one compartment open model with Michaelis-Menten formation with a sigmoidity factor , and first order elimination for CBZ-E .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: In this study , we evaluated the relationship between age , gender , and preoperative anxiety and postoperative morphine intake after orthognathic surgery in the PCA environment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , in a confound-adjusted multiple regression model , the ability of the MAKS group to perform ADLs remained significantly higher than that of the control group even 10 months after the end of therapy ( H0 : MAKS+MAKS month 22 = 0 ; 2 = 3.8568 , p = 0.0496 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: This study provides evidence demonstrating the potential positive effect of gamification and online social support on health and behavioral outcomes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: No serious complications occurred in any of the patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , the progression rate to muscle-invasive disease was not reduced by FD .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: WM volume change scores .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: More innovative approaches to motor rehabilitation are needed .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}]