["[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-01 00:00]\n<User>I'm sharing some classification data with labels for you to learn:\n\nSample: Specifically , the odds of having an MDD decreased by 8.2 % for each year delay in smoking initiation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Elevation of blood pressure ( BP ) increases the adverse effect for cardiovascular outcomes .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: After 8 days of metformin or placebo , glucose kinetics were quantitated using isotopic dilution with 6,6-d glucose and indirect calorimetry .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: 84 patients ( 15 - 44 years of age ) have been examined ( 41 normal deliveries , 43 cesarean sections ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Families of program children ( n = 124 , mean age 6.6 years at recruitment ) were offered 3 program components that continued for 3 years : a 6-week summer program , a biweekly family program that included concurrent parent and child education and skills training groups , and a flexibly tailored home visitation family support program .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: RT was applied to the residual breast at a total dose of 50 Gy in five weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were no adverse drug experiences associated with PGG-glucan infusion .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Between 8 and 12 months of age , they declined so that the median level was within the upper limit of the normal adult range ( < 100 ng/L ) .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: However , this effect mostly disappears after discharge .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Almost twice as many women in the intervention group compared with the control group visited their practice to discuss their result .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Both drugs were efficacious and well tolerated in patients with Tourette 's disorder .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Free consumption of fruits and vegetables does not impair metabolic control in PKU patients over a 2-week period .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The spinal anesthetic technique was standardized , and a blinded infusion of oxytocin was administered after delivery .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Baseline trichiasis severity was predictive of eyelid contour abnormalities and recurrent trichiasis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study did not address the influence of hormone therapy for women of younger ages .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Mean ( SD ) change from baseline in mean symptom complex severity score 4 hours after dosing was significantly greater with ecallantide use ( -0.8 [ 0.6 ] ) compared with placebo use ( -0.4 [ 0.8 ] ) ( P = .01 comparing distributions ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Anaesthesia was performed using etomidate , fentanyl , midazolam , pancuronium and succinylcholine .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Although estrogen can modulate nigrostriatal dopamine levels , its effects on PD are unclear .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: There is a debate currently about whether different chemical forms of eicosapentaenoic acid ( EPA ) and docosahexaenoic acid ( DHA ) are absorbed in an identical way .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The monkey puppet was put in sight to test whether the monkey served as a cue reminder in the animated intervention .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A 5.5-mm capsulotomy created with a femtosecond laser is associated with less IOL tilt and therefore may be superior to a 6.0-mm capsulotomy when implanting a single-optic accommodating IOL .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: University-based teaching hospital .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of age ( 65 years or > 65 years ) and androgen-deprivation therapy ( ADT , presence or absence ) as factors that may predict changes in body composition and fitness following a 24-week exercise program in prostate cancer patients .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: There were significant changes in all outcome variables after 8weeks exposure to the micronutrients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Overall , the 4 fats exerted different effects on energy expenditure ( meal effect : P < 0.01 ) and substrate oxidation ( interaction between meal and time : P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Reduction in mean central subfield thickness in the triamcinolone + prompt laser group was similar to both ranibizumab groups and greater than in the sham + prompt laser group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We sought to assess the feasibility , safety , and effects of two regimens for lowering blood pressure in patients who have had a stroke .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Median testosterone levels were highest with RIA .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: All patients received levamisol and local irradiation with 50.4 Gy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Levels of fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin in the two groups at each time point were statistically significantly different from those before treatment ( with P values below 0.01 ) , except for the level of fasting blood glucose on PTD 3 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Pimecrolimus is a calcineurin inhibitor used for the topical treatment of inflammatory skin diseases .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: In the EA group only 1 patient ( 2 % ) had postoperative vomiting .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Participants were randomly assigned to human advice , automated advice , or health education control .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Serum glucose , insulin , and cotinine were measured after an overnight fast .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Six hundred patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis were treated for 2 weeks with either FP ANS 200 microgram once daily , loratadine 10 mg once daily , the FP ANS and loratadine regimens combined , or placebo in a multicenter , randomized , double-blind , double-dummy , parallel-group study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To evaluate a new antimicrobial treatment for central venous catheters in comparison with a traditional treatment , by assessing the catheter colonization and catheter-related bloodstream infection rates in two groups of patients .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The primary outcome , treatment success , was defined as no re-treatment or self-reported stress incontinence symptoms .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Sixty-eight patients over the age of 60 were randomized into one of two groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Visual analog scale pain scores at 30 minutes and 60 minutes were significantly lower in the alfentanil group than remifentanil group ( p < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The authors examined the relationship between the initial ETCO ( 2 ) difference and the lowest PaO ( 2 ) value recorded during the first 45 minutes of OLV .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>I've captured all of this valuable information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-02 00:00]\n<User>I want you to learn from these classified examples:\n\nSample: The goal of the study was to determine whether repeated infections with C trachomatis can be reduced by giving women doses of azithromycin to deliver to male sex partners .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Unilateral pallidotomy is an effective treatment in patients with advanced Parkinson 's disease , who have an unsatisfactory response to pharmacological treatment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The mean free T ( 3 ) level was 316 + / -67 pg/dL after then administration of a placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: ( ClinicalTrials.gov number , NCT00012558 [ ClinicalTrials.gov ] . )\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Fewer children in the delayed-CC group had results below the cutoff in the ASQ fine-motor domain ( 11.0 % vs 3.7 % ; P = .02 ) and the Movement ABC bicycle-trail task ( 12.9 % vs 3.8 % ; P = .02 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Overall failure rates were similar between the groups , with 19 ( 70 % ) of 27 subjects in the packed group needing an intervention by 48 hours compared with 13 ( 59 % ) of 22 subjects in the nonpacked group who needed an intervention ( difference , 11 % ; 95 % confidence interval , -15 % to 36 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This was an open , randomised , two-way cross-over study , with a single dose oral administration of 0.5 mg digoxin administered alone or in combination with macrogol 4000 , 20 g day-1 during 8 days .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was no difference in 6-week resting ejection fraction or increase in ejection fraction with exercise between the two groups ( 47 + / - 12 % and 6 + / - 8 % , respectively , in the PTCA group ; 49 + / - 10 % and 5 + / - 9 % in the no-PTCA group ; p = NS for both . )\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In none of the patients cardiopulmonary contraindications for the maximal exercise test and exercise program were found .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The present study demonstrates that both betamethasone and pimecrolimus improve clinical and biophysical parameters and epidermal differentiation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A total of 316 patients with advanced NSCLC previously untreated were randomized to either vinorelbine 30 mg/m ( 2 ) D1 ,8 with carboplatin AUC 5 D1 ( VC ) or vinorelbine 25mg/m ( 2 ) with gemcitabine ( VG ) 1000 mg/m ( 2 ) both given D1 ,8 every 3 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: From the start of lead-in to the end of year 1 , the orlistat group lost , on average , more bodyweight than the placebo group ( 10.2 % [ 10.3 kg ] vs 6.1 % [ 6.1 kg ] ; LSM difference 3.9 kg [ p < 0.001 ] from randomisation to the end of year 1 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: These findings are of potential clinical significance : natural protective mechanisms , normally engaged during suckling , may safely and noninvasively be activated to reduce newborn crying to painful stimulation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Participants underwent a metabolic study after a 12-h overnight fast to measure fasting and postchallenge plasma glucose , insulin , and lipid profiles .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We used a microcosting methodology to determine fixed , variable , and societal costs of each intervention .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Myocardium samples were collected 10 - 20 min after aorta cross-clamp ( T ( 2 ) ) , and 10 - 20 min after declamping of the aorta ( T ( 3 ) ) to undergo immunohistochemistry to observe the expression of heme oxygenase-1 ( HO-1 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The frequency of persisting increases in serum creatinine was the same in both groups ( 10.5 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The objective of this study was to compare efficacy and tolerability of injectable and oral forms of bromocriptine .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The LADG group required a significantly shorter period of postoperative epidural anesthesia , showed significantly lower levels of serum interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein , and had no major postsurgery complications .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: On the DAS-A total change score ( observed cases analysis ) , lorazepam produced statistically significant improvement versus placebo at weeks 1 , 2 , and 4 ( P < 0.05 ; no week 3 visit ) , whereas paroxetine , separated from placebo at weeks 2 and 4 ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This was a randomized clinical trial performed in 8 tertiary hospitals in Latin America .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Results suggest that tegaserod may increase the gastric pain threshold and decrease the severity of individual symptoms in patients with overlapping FH and FD .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The purpose of this study was to clarify whether there are relevant differences between balloon kyphoplasty and vertebral body stenting with regard to perioperative and postoperative findings .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Diets were prepared in duplicate and were based on either LCT ( LCT period ) or equal quantities of LCT and MCT ( L/MCT period ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The purpose of this study was to compare the local cutaneous tolerability of adapalene gel 0.3 % once daily versus tazarotene cream 0.05 % once daily .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Mean monthly entomological inoculation rate was non-significantly lower in the ITN+IRS arm than in the ITN only arm , rate ratio = 0.17 ( 95 % CI 0.03-1 .08 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: For all endpoints there was a significant improvement in both groups 2 weeks and 2 months following treatment versus baseline , but no significant difference between the two treatment groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Sixty patients underwent resection of a carcinoma of the oesophagus or gastro-oesophageal junction with curative intent .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At 8 weeks after surgery , the RDQ mean ( SE ) score was 5.8 ( 0.4 ) for tubular diskectomy and 4.9 ( 0.5 ) for conventional microdiskectomy ( between-group mean difference , 0.8 ; 95 % CI , -0.4 to 2.1 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A multi-center randomized control , double blind and double dummy clinical trial was conducted ; levofloxacin tablet was closed as controlled drug .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: One hundred percent root coverage was obtained 89.5 % of the time with the coronally advanced flap with EMD and 79 % of the time with the subepithelial connective tissue graft .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The patients will have mild to moderate radiographic osteoarthritis according to the Kellgren and Lawrence classification ( grade 2-3 ) , and fulfill the American College of Rheumatology clinical criteria , be aged between 45 and 65years , and have no other serious physical or mental illnesses .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The mother-infant interaction was videotaped according to the Parent-Child Early Relational Assessment ( PCERA ) 1 year after birth .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: KG .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Secondary outcome measures included treatment failure , complications , hospital stay and catheterization time .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Those patients receiving luteal phase support with progesterone beginning on day 6 after retrieval had a significantly lower clinical pregnancy rate per transfer compared with those beginning support on day 3 after retrieval ( 44.8 % vs. 61.0 % , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The data were analyzed statistically using Mann-Whitney test .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Wonderful. I'll remember these key points.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-03 00:00]\n<User>I have some labeled classification examples for you to study:\n\nSample: Duration of the episode and incidence of adverse outcomes .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Mean ( s.d. ) BC concentration in buccal mucosal cells was 7.7 ( 10.3 ) mg/kg protein in the subjects who received BC compared to 1.1 ( 1.7 ) mg/kg protein in those who did not .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Subjects Three hundred seventy-eight children aged 17 to 19 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The Rivermead post-concussion symptoms questionnaire was used to estimate severity of post-concussion symptoms .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: They were divided into two groups : in the first group ( 270 patients ) during the cesarean sections visceral peritoneum was closed whereas , in the second group ( 307 patients ) visceral peritoneum was not closed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Compared with control writing , disclosure writing led to improved positive affect and internalizing problems .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Prior to treatment , participants completed the Binge Eating Scale ( BES ) and the Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns ( QEWP ) , as well as measures of other relevant constructs .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Quantifying symptom severity in AMN is essential for treatment development in rehabilitative management .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: By increasing PA at relatively low costs , the Active Plus intervention can contribute to a better public health .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A titrated oral misoprostol solution was as effective and safe for labor induction as vaginal misoprostol tablets .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The changes over time in relation to randomized treatment were analyzed by analysis of covariance .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: One arm received a 30-min vibration treatment at 30 mins after and 1 , 2 , 3 , and 4 days after the exercise ( treatment group ) , and the other arm did not receive any treatment ( control group ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Finally , there was no improvement in quality of life associated with metoprolol use in patients either < 42 or > or = 42 years of age .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Graft flow and hemodynamic variables were measured when mean arterial pressure reached the intended level .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This randomized , open-label , 2-sequence , crossover study with a 65-day washout period was carried out in healthy , white , euthyroid volunteers following a single dose of sodium levothyroxine 600 microg .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Owing to missing primary end-point data , sensitivity analyses were performed , and the results were consistent with the main findings .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Prospective , randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: As the use of Satinsky clamps is safer , easier and took less time , it is recommended .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To identify the most effective of two combinations , irinotecan/5-fluorouracil ( 5-FU ) / folinic acid ( FA ) and irinotecan/cisplatin , in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer , for investigation in a phase III trial .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The CHX chip is a new , apparently cost-effective treatment option for non-surgical periodontal therapy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There was a reduction of BMI z score in the active treatment group ( P < .05 ) , but not for controls .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Pediatric trainees ' skills in behavior change counseling improved following the combination of training in brief MI plus personalized feedback .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The trial was registered with the ClinicalTrials.gov registry under #NCT 00120770 http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00120770 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The diagnostic accuracy sub-study will include these 100 patients and an additional 70 patients in whom the primary care physician thinks the diagnosis of TIA is possible , rather than probable .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Transdermal E ( 2 ) results in E ( 2 ) , E ( 1 ) , and bioestrogen concentrations closer to normal and achieves greater suppression of LH/FSH in lower doses compared with normal .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Group I was followed up at 3 , 6 , 9 , and 24 weeks post-injection , and group II was evaluated at 9 and 24 weeks after initial visit .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Absolute LCP synthesis and the percentage of LCP synthesis relative to dietary intake were calculated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Percentage of participants no longer meeting inclusion criteria for OTMP impairments informed on clinical significance .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Fifteen valnoctamide patients and 17 placebo patients completed at least one post-baseline week and were included in data analysis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Antibiotic therapy for Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections has evolved owing to the development of resistance to penicillin and tetracycline therapy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Nasal challenges were performed with methacholine and allergen in grass pollen-allergic patients and non-allergic controls .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This double-blind , parallel-design study included a consecutive series of 41 AD subjects meeting DSM-IV criteria for major or minor depression who were randomized to receive fluoxetine ( up to 40 mg/day ) or identical-appearing placebo .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Tolerability measures included adverse events reported as the reason for discontinuation and treatment-emergent adverse events ( TEAEs ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: This study is designed to investigate whether or not peripartum antibiotics improve health and disability for children at 7 years of age .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients scheduled for urgent or elective coronary artery bypass and/or valvular surgery were randomly assigned to either ACNP-led ( n = 22 ) or hospitalist-led ( n = 81 ) postoperative care .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: 100 patients were assigned the high-dose regimen , and 100 the control regimen .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Adult subjects undergoing resection of at least one liver segment were assigned to treatment with fibrin sealant or manual compression with a surgical gauze swab if persistent oozing necessitated additional hemostatic measures after primary control of arterial and venous bleeding .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These effects were not sustained after a 4-week off-drug period .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Blood pressure , lipid profile , and indexes of glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were assessed before and after 6 months of treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Median time to recovery was significantly shorter with cisatracurium ( 52 min , 35-73 ) than with vecuronium ( 123 min , 80-480 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Children were classified as overweight or obese if their weight for height was > 20 % or > or = 40 % above the mean weight for height of healthy Finnish children , respectively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Significant decrease ( p < or = 0.001 ) in SH level was observed in cases as compared to controls while the level of GSH was significantly increased ( p < or = 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Subjects were randomized to receive either , MgCl2 2.5 g daily or placebo by 3-months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: 12 of the 186 patients included discontinued their medication before the end of the trial due to side effects .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The objective of our study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of laparoscopic primary closure for the treatment of common bile duct ( CBD ) stones compared with T-tube drainage .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The Well London program used community engagement , complemented by changes to the physical and social neighborhood environment , to improve physical activity levels , healthy eating , and mental wellbeing in the most deprived communities in London .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs ) are often prescribed in patients with postural tachycardia syndrome ( POTS ) , and act at synaptic terminals to increase monoamine neurotransmitters .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The absolute and relative frequencies of categorical variables and the median age were calculated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After slow fat infusion , a decreased P/T ratio was revealed .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The treatment groups were similar in baseline characteristics and there was only one loss to follow-up .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The CSI monitor was shown to be a useful tool to predict LOC in both rapid and slow infusion schemes .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Management of diabetes is frequently suboptimal in primary care settings , where providers often fail to intensify therapy when glucose levels are high , a problem known as clinical inertia .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Salivary cortisol , 24-h urinary catecholamines , and neurobehavioral performance were measured .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Ninety six obese subjects ( 59 women and 61 men ; 18 - 50 years ; BMI > 30 and < 34.9 kg/m ( 2 ) ) were randomised into four supervised treatment groups : strength training ( S ; n = 24 ) , endurance training ( E ; n = 26 ) , combined S + E ( SE ; n = 24 ) , and and received recommendations of physical activity ( PA ; n = 22 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>I've captured all of this valuable information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-04 00:00]\n<User>These examples show different classes - please note the labels:\n\nSample: Electrophysiological results showed that personality stimuli elicited larger P2 and LPC ( Late Positive Component ) amplitudes compared to physical stimuli , regardless of negative or positive valence .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After treatment , patients were observed for 24 h , and the occurrence of nausea and vomiting was recorded and safety was assessed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Plaque index ( PI ) , gingival index ( GI ) , PPD and periodontal attachment level ( PAL ) were assessed at baseline pre-surgical examination at the site to be treated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After operation , slightly higher platelet counts were observed in the NO-treated patients than in the control patients , which might indicate a lower degree of platelet adhesion to the artificial surfaces of the extracorporeal circuit .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were no significant differences in any of the cytokines studied in either of the groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Determination of a persons ' competency to understand the elements of informed consent was addressed .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This particular marketing campaign may have promoted smoking .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There were 182 patients in Study 1 , 186 patients in Study 2 , and 166 patients in Study 3 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At 3 mos after onset , the Facial Disability Index scores were improved similarly in both groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The Pathways intervention successfully reduced the intake of percent calories from fat and saturated fat , at school lunch and over the whole day .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In patients with coronary artery disease , depressed left ventricular function , and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia , QRS prolongation resulting from left bundle-branch block or intraventricular conduction delay but not right bundle-branch block provided prognostic information about the risk of arrhythmic and total mortality independently of electrophysiological evaluation and ejection fraction .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Pre - and post-intervention , seven discharge summaries were graded using a 9-item instrument .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No significant difference was noted in this outcome between the groups ( 73.519.1 % vs 76.924.5 % for the AMS vs PCP groups , p = 0.54 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The individual ACE inhibition data and plasma concentration data were fitted to an Emax model .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Overall , nine ( 75 % ) of the NP group defects and eight ( 67 % ) of the P group defects showed more than 50 % defect fill .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The i.v. dose showed polyexponential disposition with CL of 65 mL/kg/hr , Vss of 70 mL/kg , and t1/2 of 1.94 hr .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In a survey , investigators reported that the score was easy to assess and more comprehensive than four other scores .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A ramp-test protocol was performed before HIR ( R1 ) and after the 1-h recovery period ( R2 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These effects were well maintained after chronic dosing with no signs of beta1-adrenoceptor desensitization .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In all four groups , there were significant differences of PD , AL , BOP between baseline and 4,7 weeks after treatment ( P < 0.05 ) , the treatment effect of coptis root membrane was significantly superior to that of other three groups ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The objective of this study was to examine the effects of the timing of exercise relative to the consumption of a fat-rich meal ( 81 % fat ) on postprandial hypertriglyceridemia .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The MoleMate UK Trial is a primary care based multi-centre randomised controlled trial , with randomisation at patient level using a validated block randomisation method for two age groups ( 45 years and under ; 46 years and over ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Fasting glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations increased significantly , whereas the mRNA expression in mononuclear cell of CD26 , the proinflammatory cytokine , TNF , the receptor for endotoxin , Toll-like receptor ( TLR ) -4 , TLR-2 , and proinflammatory kinases , c-Jun N-terminal kinase-1 and inhibitory-B kinase ( IKK ) , and that of the chemokine receptor CCR-2 fell significantly after 12 wk of sitagliptin .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Each subject underwent two studies and received intravenous loxiglumide or placebo infusion in randomized order .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of a dopamine ( DA ) noradrenaline ( NA ) reuptake inhibitor , bupropion ( Zyban ) , on exercise performance and on the hormonal response to exercise .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: This intervention does not seem to decrease the overall risk of postoperative fever or wound infection .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: 48 patients undergoing fast-track total knee replacement with high-volume ( 170 mL ) 0.2 % ropivacaine infiltration analgesia were randomized to receive a compression or a non-compression bandage , and pain was assessed at rest and with mobilization at regular intervals for 24 h postoperatively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In addition , the sexual quality of life of the female partners of the men treated with tadalafil was significantly improved .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The relation between CO2 vasoreactivity and executive function is not known .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: 17 of 24 subjects on inhaled corticosteroid who completed the study and 8 of 23 on placebo improved by 75 % after two weeks ( p = 0.03 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study aims at evaluating the effects of long-term exercise training on HRR after acute myocardial infarction ( AMI ) , in order to clarify whether prolonged exercise training could maintain a long-term improvement of HRR .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Three of the five schools where daily SBTB programmes took place after lunch and which were performed under teacher supervision were randomly selected ; three non-participating schools ( non-SBTB ) from the same area were assigned as controls .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No therapeutic modifications were made in patients with negative cultures based on the results of quantitative cultures .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Wound complications occur quite often after abdominal operations .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: In the 2,000 / 200 mg group , seven out of eight subjects had a Cmin value of nelfinavir plus M8 above a threshold of 1.0 mg l-1 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: All patients received a calculated antibiotic regimen according to the presumed microbiological spectrum .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Eight treatment sessions lasting 40 minutes each ( weekly ) were performed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Low testosterone levels in men are associated with the metabolic syndrome ( MetS ) as well as with depressive symptoms , low vitality , and sexual dysfunction .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Self-management treatment was conducted in small groups and aimed to activate the patient to implement HF education through training in problem-solving and 5 SM skills .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This was attributed to the high prevalence of post-surgical complications in the GTR group .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Interim analysis halfway through the trial had a Lan-DeMets monitoring boundary with an O'Brien-Fleming stopping rule .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Cardiogenic shock was due to myocardial infarction in 70 % of the patients and decompensated heart failure in most of the remaining patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Baseline diurnal IOP was similar among groups ( mean standard deviation : BBFC , 25.9 0.19 mmHg ; brinzolamide , 25.9 0.20 mmHg ; brimonidine , 26.0 0.19 mmHg ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The TDP concentration in erythrocytes was calculated using the haematocrit and TDP concentration in blood .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This prospective randomized double-blind study was performed to compare the renal and cardiac effects of the ACE inhibitor ramipril and the beta-blocker metoprolol as first line therapy in ADPKD patients with hypertension .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The use of GTN patch for preterm labor could reduce NICU costs , while improving important neonatal outcomes .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>Got it. I will remember them.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-05 00:00]\n<User>These examples show different classes - please note the labels:\n\nSample: Patients in both groups were administered intravenous ketamine 1 mg/kg i.v. over 1 min followed by a continuous infusion of ketamine 1-3 mg/kg/h i.v. ( n = 30 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Simultaneous estimation of treatment effect and breakpoint was effected , with confidence intervals ( CIs ) obtained through a treatment-placebo balance-preserving bootstrap procedure .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Nephrin , a 1241-residue transmembrane protein is a key component of the podocyte slit pore membrane and a major contributor of the glomerular filtration barrier .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The effects of tourniquet-induced reperfusion on monocyte activation state , neutrophil activation state , and transendothelial migration ( TEM ) were studied .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Statistically significant efficacy was seen 1 week after randomization and remained so for the duration of the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Sixty multiple sclerosis ( MS ) patients with gait problems , without heat intolerance , were included in a randomized cross-over study of 4-week inpatient physiotherapy in warm ( Spain ) and cold ( Norway ) climate .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Testosterone and dihydroxytestosterone were likewise monitored throughout the study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Cardiovascular changes were moderate , but most pronounced in the high concentration group , with a decrease in heart rate of 21 % compared with baseline .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Intervention practices had higher rates of delivering tobacco control assistance than usual care practices over the 1-year follow-up period .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This study performed a secondary analysis of 140 women with problematic HFNS who were recruited to the MENOS2 trial : 48 were randomly assigned to group CBT , 47 were randomly assigned to self-help CBT , and 45 were randomly assigned to usual care .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The rates of cardiovascular death and death from any cause were not increased .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To quantify the efficacy of a siderophore receptor and porin ( SRP ) proteins-based vaccine on the burden of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 in feedlot cattle .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: After debonding , 63 % of the specimens presented cohesive failure of the material , 24 % adhesive failure and 10 % cohesive failure of dentin .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study compares the anxiolytic effects of a yoga program and supportive therapy in breast cancer outpatients undergoing conventional treatment at a cancer centre .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Week 12 ACR20 responses were similar across CZP patient subgroups regardless of concomitant DMARD use at baseline .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Specimens in groups 2 , 4 and 5 showed greater biofilm formation than those in groups 1 and 3 ( p < 0.001 ) on all investigated substrates ( enamel , composite , and interface areas ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Glow gel hand washing is an effective method to improve children 's handwashing ability .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Glycemic index and load were analyzed using data from three 24-hour dietary recalls conducted at baseline , 4 months , and 12 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The interns in the NRP with team training group exhibited more frequent team behaviors ( number of episodes per minute ( 95 % CI ) ) than interns in the control group : information sharing 1.06 ( 0.24 , 1.17 ) vs 0.13 ( 0.00 , 0.43 ) ; inquiry 0.35 ( 0.11 , 0.42 ) vs 0.09 ( 0.00 , 0.10 ) ; assertion 1.80 ( 1.21 , 2.25 ) vs 0.64 ( 0.26 , 0.91 ) ; and any team behavior 3.34 ( 2.26 , 4.11 ) vs 1.03 ( 0.48 , 1.30 ) ( P-values < 0.008 for all comparisons ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Cumulative ovulation rates were 89.3 % and 93.1 % for the urinary FSH and recombinant FSH groups , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Observed transition frequencies , conditional probabilities and significance levels based on odds ratios were computed using sequential analysis software .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Also noteworthy in this study was a small reduction in energy intake with garlic compared with placebo , attributable to reduction in fat , carbohydrate and alcohol intakes .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: However , anxiety is often under-diagnosed and inappropriately treated in those with dementia .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The concentrations of various furanocoumarins in this grapefruit juice `` serum '' and in whole grapefruit juice were measured by HPLC and their identities confirmed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>I've captured all of this valuable information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-06 00:00]\n<User>Here are some examples with classification labels to remember:\n\nSample: We speculate that in this already compliant population , more targeted advice is necessary to increase compliance .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The 28-day mortality rate was not associated with the appropriateness of initial therapy in the BAL and EA groups ( appropriate therapy : 35.7 % vs. 43.3 % ; p = 0.553 ; and inappropriate therapy : 62.5 % vs. 50.0 % ; p = 1.000 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The difference in 1 year MACE and TVF rates between men and women remained after adjusting for baseline covariates .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: An assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial involving 165 overweight/obese 5.5 - to 9.9 - year-old children .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The CPET responses of 43 sedentary , overweight adults ( body mass index [ BMI ] > 25 ) with untreated OSA ( apnea-hypopnea index [ AHI ] 15 ) were compared against matched non-OSA controls ( n = 9 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In this randomized phase III trial , previously untreated patients with intermediate - or poor-risk GCT received either four cycles of standard bleomycin , etoposide , and cisplatin ( BEP alone ) , or two cycles of BEP followed by two cycles of HDCT containing carboplatin and then by hematopoietic stem-cell rescue ( BEP + HDCT ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: When analyzed on the basis of the previously defined target population , the 28-day , all-cause mortality rate was 50 % ( 115/232 ) in the placebo group and 44 % ( 94/212 ) in the PAFra group , yielding a 12 % reduction in mortality rate ( p = .29 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After supplementation , no significant changes were observed in malondialdehyde level ; however , there was a decrease in the ALA and vitamin E group during the period of the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Training designed to support practice nurses in implementing individualised AAPs impacted on one patient outcome only .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Only the intra-graft abundance of FOXP3 mRNA was significantly lower ( P < 0.001 ) in the Belatacept group than the CNI group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The 7-day physical activity recall administered at baseline , Month 6 , and Month 12 , with outcomes operationalized as percentage achieving 150 min/week of MVPA .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The combination of adapalene and HP cream is an effective topical treatment regimen in mild to moderate AV .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: ACZ885 was well tolerated .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Repeated intravitreal injections represent an economic burden and may be associated with serious complications .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: This group received education about urinary incontinence , pelvic floor muscle training with manual palpation and verbal feedback , and behavioural therapy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All participants were placed on a once-daily regimen and were met by an outreach worker for all 7 days during the first 3 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A double-blind , placebo-controlled , randomized trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients were randomly divided into 6 groups ( n = 30 each ) based on baricity ( hyperbaric or isobaric ) of 0.5 % bupivacaine ( 5 mg ) and duration of the sitting position ( two , 5 , or 10 min ) after injection .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Drug deposition in the lung using gamma scintigraphic imaging , nebulisation times , pharmacokinetics , and safety were evaluated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This study explored the effects of a cognitive task analysis ( CTA ) - informed curriculum to increase surgical skills performance and self-efficacy beliefs for medical students and postgraduate surgical residents learning how to perform an open cricothyrotomy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Both intradialytic cycling and pedometer programming improved aspects of physical function .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Seven patients with PIB imaging showed no uptake pattern typical of Alzheimer 's disease , suggesting a predominantly vascular aetiology for the cognitive impairment and brain changes in these patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The median PVRi ( 305 [ 204-431 ] dyne s/cm/m ) was elevated early in the course of ALI .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Three months following the injections , there was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to grip strength , pain , or quality of life .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Telaprevir ( VX-950 ) , a hepatitis C virus ( HCV ) NS3 .4 A protease inhibitor , has shown strong antiviral activity in phase 1 clinical studies .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Baseline platelet function measurements were similar in both groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To evaluate gait biomechanics after training with a virtual reality ( VR ) system and to elucidate underlying mechanisms that contributed to the observed functional improvement in gait speed and distance .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Serial blood samples were collected at 0 ( predose ) , 0.5 , 1 , 1.5 , 2 , 2.5 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 10 , 12 , 24 , 48 , and 72 hours after administration .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>I've successfully recorded all of this data.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-07 00:00]\n<User>Here are training examples for classification. Note the labels carefully:\n\nSample: To compare the clinical profile of target-controlled infusion ( TCI ) of remifentanil ( REM ) + propofol ( PRO ) with fentanyl ( FEN ) bolus infusion with desflurane ( DES ) inhalation in direct laryngoscopic surgery .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Alfaxalone infusion rate ( initially 0.07 mg kg ( -1 ) minute ( -1 ) ) was adjusted to maintain adequate anaesthetic depth based on clinical assessment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The median Apgar score was slightly lower at 1 minute ( p < 0.05 ) following mifepristone treatment , but did not differ at 5 and 10 minutes .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Improvement in FEV ( 1 ) was greater in the salmeterol group than in the placebo group at four weeks ( difference 0.06 L , P < 0.005 ) , eight weeks ( 0.06 L , P < 0.005 ) and 16 weeks ( 0.05 L , P < 0.05 ) after the start of treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: It is important to determine the costs associated with IPTc delivery via community based volunteers and also the potential savings to health care providers and caretakers due to malaria episodes averted as a consequence of IPTc .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Sixty patients completed the 12 month period .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After intravenous induction with thiopental and atracurium to facilitate endotracheal intubation , patients were randomly assigned to one of four groups : Patients in Groups 1 and 3 received physiological saline solution , whereas patients in Groups 2 and 4 received intravenous fentanyl 2.5 microg kg ( -1 ) during induction .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In a multiple-regression analysis of all patients , 24-hour sodium balance correlated negatively with glomerular filtration rate ( GFR ) and positively with serum albumin levels , after correction for sodium intake ( P < 0.0001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: One group received spinal anesthesia plus a fascia iliaca compartment block with 0.1 % bupivacaine at a rate of 10 mL/h .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Community sample of 81 adult , English-speaking , primarily European Canadian , first-time fathers of 5-month-old infants , who participated in the intervention group of a randomized controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Previous studies demonstrated low abuse potential for atomoxetine in recreational drug users .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The Mental Health First Aid training has shown itself to be not only an effective way to improve participants ' mental health literacy but also to improve their own mental health .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The effect of Erbanxiao solution on vascular endothelium growth factor ( VEGF ) , basic fibroblast growth factor ( bFGF ) , and tumor necrosis factor-alpha ( TNF-alpha ) was observed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The observed adverse events correspond to the known profile .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After GBE treatment , the mean blood flow , volume , and velocity increased at almost all points , and there was a statistically significant increase in blood flow at almost all points , in comparison to the placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Pain scores were measured by a visual analogue scale .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To thwart this deleterious effect , we would suggest adding social support as an integral component of KMC .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: CD34 + cell counts in a concentration of at least 200/mL in composite grafts are directly correlated to clinically successful bone regeneration .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: High-risk was defined as corneal neovascularization in more than 1 quadrant or a history of corneal grafting .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At the final follow-up examination no significant differences existed between the groups in the correction of ulnar deviation or arc of motion .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Toxicity was higher with melphalan-prednisone and interferon , and this led to premature discontinuation of interferon therapy in one third of patients and to a reduced overall dose intensity for melphalan .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: h .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Although there is growing evidence on the effectiveness of pre-notification and follow-up on response rates in patient surveys , no studies report the effectiveness of pre-notification in addition to follow-up .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Anemia , abnormalities in markers of bone metabolism and elevations in cardiovascular biomarkers were frequently observed .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Promising results have been reported from treatment with oral retinoids in patients with severe lichen sclerosus et atrophicus ( LSA ) of the vulva .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Secondary analyses indicated that the experimental group showed significantly greater reductions in total body fat and percent leg fat .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary end point , survival , was prospectively applied to all randomized patients ( intent-to-treat-overall population , ITT-OA ) and all patients having liver metastases at randomization ( ITT-LM population ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Video footage coupled with panel assessment is a valid method of assessing post-operative outcomes of breast reconstruction and appears superior to still photographs in terms of inter-rater agreement and correlation with patient self-assessment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We tested the impact of isolated systolic hypertension ( ISH ) on normalization of left ventricular ( LV ) structure during antihypertensive treatment .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Results of the T-4 Study reveal that a twin target strategy can achieve a high clinical remission rate in early RA .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: One year 's treatment with OLS induces a lipid malabsorption which enhances a dietary weight loss without any significant deleterious effects on body composition .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Further studies could be designed without waiting list control and should use a larger sample to clarify the value of qigong compared to exercise therapy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Fifty patients suffered from brain injury , whereas 26 had no intracranial pathology and served as control individuals .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Thanks for the information. I've saved it.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-08 00:00]\n<User>I'm sharing some classification data with labels for you to learn:\n\nSample: Seventeen Spanish ICUs during 4 years .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In 95 intracerebral hemorrhage patients , frequency of pneumonia and death were higher in the diazepam group than in the placebo group : 35 and 10 % , 22 and 12 % , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Mobility-preserving posterior foraminotomy is the most common alternative in the case of lateral localization of the pathology .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The upper limit of the 90 % confidence interval ( CI ) for the placebo-adjusted mean change from baseline of the QTc interval ( QTcF ) using Fridericia 's formula was less than 10msec at all time points .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The mean onset time of both motor and sensory blockade was between 14 and 18 min in both groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The Osteopathic Research Center within the University of North Texas Health Science Center in Fort Worth .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Domperidone in combination with omeprazole is not superior to omeprazole alone in the treatment of LPR .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Main outcome was number of patients with treatment success defined as a reduction of at least 5 points or an absolute score below 5 points on the Roland Morris Questionnaire .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In this study , once-yearly iv zoledronic acid provided a greater and faster reduction in the levels of NTx and P1NP versus once-weekly oral alendronate .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The primary outcome was initial fetal hematocrit .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This may be one of several mechanisms by which sulfonylurea-induced hypoglycemia occurs in elderly patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Two extractions ( 1.5 % ) in the CBCT group and five ( 3.8 % ) in the PAN group resulted in IAN sensory disturbance ( p = 0.45 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: clinicaltrials.gov NCT00054925 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Operating theater and general ward at Jichi Medical School Hospital .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These data question the indication for maximization of lymphadenectomy after nCRT .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Of 132 women , 126 ( 95.5 % ) from 17 centers completed a postpartum questionnaire , usually within days of delivery .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: One hundred million BMMC were injected into the infarction-related artery through IAC route , or vein through the IVC route .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We measured serum bactericidal antibody titres against 4 indicator strains of serogroup B meningococcus matched to each individual vaccine component and against 4 mismatched strains .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Mean changes in body weight at day 42 were 2.2 kg and 1.8 kg for quetiapine 400 and 800mg/day , respectively , and -0.4 kg for placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Parallel single-blind randomized control trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Strengthening interventions involving higher velocity movements should be incorporated into clinical practice .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Forty single-rooted previously root-filled teeth with associated periradicular lesions were included .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The 79 patients in each study arm each showed no significant difference in preoperative parameters .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We studied whether tramadol affects the amount of propofol required for induction of anaesthesia .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: As far as continence rate is concerned , a significant difference was recorded between the groups ( 53 % in group A vs 80 % in group B ) after 3 mo. .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier : NCT00735787 .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Eligible patients had at least one treatable coronary lesion of > or = 70 % .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These results indicate that first-line gemcitabine followed by second-line weekly docetaxel is feasible , with promising survival in patients with advanced NSCLC .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The combination of airway sensory replacement and nicotine replacement may prove beneficial for smoking cessation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: RALP may lower the risk as compared to open surgery .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A retrospective analysis of 233 superovulation cycles in 70 couples with unexplained infertility or minimal endometriosis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: One month after surgery , group 1 patients ( n = 97 ) started treatment with intranasal furosemide , group 2 ( n = 40 ) received no therapeutic treatment , and group 3 ( n = 33 ) were treated with mometasone .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This study consisted of patients who were diagnosed as having nosocomial or community-acquired SAB or SAIE between June 1 , 2000 , and December 31 , 2005 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov , number NCT01586572 , and is closed to new participants .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To evaluate the incidence of anemia in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer receiving paclitaxel-carboplatin combination therapy ( TC ) using data from the Japanese Gynecologic Oncology Group ( JGOG ) 3016 trial , and to examine the effect of severe anemia on survival during dose-dense TC .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Sevoflurane possesses chemical properties that should produce a more rapid induction of anaesthesia in comparison to halothane or isoflurane .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Global cognition was measured at those visits with the Comprehensive Assessment and Referral Evaluation ( CARE ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To compare ondansetron and domperidone for treatment of delayed nausea/vomiting ( DN/V ) following highly emetogenic chemotherapy , after attaining total suppression of emesis on the day of chemotherapy by mean of ondansetron ( combined with dexamethasone in the case of cisplatin-treated patients ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: 24.4 % of participants withdrew from the intervention program but not the study and 22.6 % withdrew from the control program but not the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The subjects were administered recombinant human growth hormone or placebo at a dose of 4 microg/Kg/day at 2000 h subcutaneously .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess associations between baseline biomarkers , clinical characteristics , and survival .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The Arimidex , Tamoxifen Alone or in Combination ( ATAC ) study was a double-blind randomized trial in which postmenopausal women with early-stage breast cancer were assigned to receive anastrozole , tamoxifen , or the combination .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Participants were randomly allocated oral standard nicotinamide ( 1.2 g/m2 ) or placebo for 5 years .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Higher serum levels of EGF were observed among subjects with at least one G allele ( P = .08 ) ; the subset of subjects with EGF G/G genotype and above-median serum levels of EGF had the highest risk of HCC .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To compare the effectiveness of a multifaceted intervention in patients with depression in primary care with the effectiveness of `` usual care '' by the primary care physician .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Median hospitalization was shorter by one day in the ulinastatin group ; the difference was not significant .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The financial incentive theme was then subcoded for more detailed analysis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In contrast , co-administration with sevelamer was associated with a significant reduction in bioavailability parameters for calcitriol ( calcitriol with sevelamer carbonate vs calcitriol alone , LS mean AUC ( 0-48 ) : 137 pg h/mL vs 318 pg h/mL , respectively ; P = 0.024 ; LS mean C ( max ) : 40.1 pg/mL vs 49.7 pg/mL , respectively ; P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Acute renal dysfunction was defined as an elevation in serum creatinine level exceeding 50 % of baseline within 10 postoperative days .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After 1 week of treatment no difference was seen in delta EIT between nebivolol 5 mg o.d. and atenolol 25 mg o.d. ( 16 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The fullness AUC was 25 % greater after the HGI meal than after the LGI meal ( P < 0.001 ) , whereas hunger sensations were 9 % lower after the HGI meal than after the LGI meal ( P = 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The OS HR was 0.85 ( 95 % CI , 0.66 to 1.08 ; P < .174 ; median OS , 13.3 v 16.6 months , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Few patients in either group were bothered by tissue manipulation or the microscope light , although more patients in the topical group were slightly bothered by touch sensation ( P = .05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Within-subject comparison of the response to carefully controlled laboratory stimuli can be an efficient means to optimize treatments before clinical trials .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>I've processed this information and will remember it.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-09 00:00]\n<User>Here are training examples for classification. Note the labels carefully:\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of tegaserod on colonic transit time ( CTT ) and symptoms in male patients with C-IBS .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The five sumatriptan subjects ' OCD symptom worsening , as measured by the Yale-Brown scale ( upward arrow 17.6 % ( S.D. 14.6 ) ) , was significant when compared to the slight symptom decrease in the five placebo subjects ( downward arrow 5.2 % ( S.D. 4.9 ) , P < 0.015 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We conducted a double-blind , placebo-controlled trial to determine if probiotics maintain their immune-stimulating effects in a population of 162 children with a high index of natural exposure to microorganisms .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Ninety-five of 96 control sheep with no lesions at week 20 were still asymptomatic at week 52 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Tibial and femoral tunnel widening were assessed using lateral and anteroposterior radiographs .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Dose titration and additional drugs ( trandolapril and/or hydrochlorothiazide ) were added to achieve target blood pressure control according to the Sixth Joint National Committee on Prevention , Detection , Evaluation , and Treatment of High Blood Pressure targets .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Two hundred and seventy-four patients enrolled ( 137 in each arm ) and baseline characteristics were similar for both arms .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Secondary end points were response rates , overall survival , and safety .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aspheric algorithm was more effective than the conventional algorithm in reducing induced spherical aberration and maintaining corneal asphericity after myopic LASIK .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We will recruit adolescents ( age range 14-21 years ) with extreme obesity ( BMI35 kg/m2 ) ( extreme group ) within 24 months ( 120 per centre , 5 centres ) as well as obese adolescents being at risk for developing extreme obesity ( BMI30-34 .9 kg/m2 ) ( at risk group ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We further randomly assigned the infants in each group to receive intermittent mandatory or high-frequency oscillatory ventilation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Salivary TNF - level reduction was significant in the test group only ( P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Both groups were crossed over after 6 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Participants were significantly younger than non-participants .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Measurements of VMCA , expressed as relative changes of a pre-cardiopulmonary bypass level ( using the noninvasive transcranial Doppler sonographic technique ) , can be used to examine CBF changes during cardiopulmonary bypass .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The efficacy of CAIV-T in children > or = 5 years of age ( age range of the children in year 1 of the study , 60-71 months ; age range of the children in year 2 of the study , 60-83 months ) was similar to that reported for the entire cohort in year 1 ( 90.6 % ; 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 70.3 % -97.1 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The effects of these three variables were found additive on RT , indicating that that three independent stages - namely , stimulus preprocessing , response selection and motor adjustment - were manipulated .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twenty-one days later , the newly formed tissue was harvested and quantitatively assessed using the polymerase chain reaction assay for the expression of the following genes : alkaline phosphatase , receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand , osteoprotegerin , osteopontin , osteocalcin , bone sialoprotein , basic fibroblast growth factor , interleukin-1 , interleukin-4 , interleukin-6 , matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The optimal solution for locking the catheter between hemodialysis sessions , to decrease the risk of thrombosis and catheter malfunction , is unknown .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Local infusion site side effects are common with i.v. vinorelbine .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Thirty-day readmission from AHF was an infrequent event in the present cohort ( 5.0 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study was designed to determine the effect of caudal dexmedetomidine on levobupivacaine for caudal block in pediatric patients .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Trough and peak-2 levels were collected before and one hour after the dose due at 48 hours , respectively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: While warfarin-related intracranial hemorrhage ( ICH ) occurs in 0.25 % -1.1 % patients per year , little is known about the practice and outcomes of anticoagulant reinitiation .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Participants were followed for one year .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Inactive laser to LI4 was used as a control .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Treatment groups were similar in age , gender , and Child 's class .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Our conclusion is that dexmedetomidine should be considered as a valuable option for sedation in poorly collaborating patients undergoing DBS surgery .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Recorded long-term cardiac toxicity was low .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Arterial propofol concentrations in the Dyck group revealed greater bias ( mean 43 % ) than did those in the Marsh ( -1 % ) and Tackley ( -3 % ) groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We used progressive speeds of treadmill walking ( 53.64 , 67.05 , 80.46 , 93.87 , and 107.28 m/min ) and running ( 120.69 , 134.1 , and 147.51 m/min ) with 3 different types of prostheses : the Solid Ankle Cushion Heel ( SACH ) foot , the Flex-Foot ( FF ) , and the Re-Flex Vertical Shock Pylon ( VSP ) prosthesis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Immunosuppression was basiliximab induction and maintenance was a calcineurin inhibitor and mycophenolate mofetil or sirolimus .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Baseline urine protein-creatinine ratio ( UP-UCR ) was significantly greater in the steroid group than in controls .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Topical timolol and apraclonidine significantly reduced the intraocular pressure .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In Philadelphia , 1 network member 's ( the index participant ) norms of sharing needles and front - or back-loading were found to be significantly associated with the network members ' risk behaviors , and the norm of sharing cotton was marginally associated .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No-one gave up in the first year ; 9 did in the second year .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This two-phase multicenter study was part of a safety and efficacy investigation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Subsequently , group 1 ( the control group ) received placebo plus peginterferon-ribavirin for 44 weeks ; group 2 received boceprevir plus peginterferon-ribavirin for 24 weeks , and those with a detectable HCV RNA level between weeks 8 and 24 received placebo plus peginterferon-ribavirin for an additional 20 weeks ; and group 3 received boceprevir plus peginterferon-ribavirin for 44 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This was considered as a placebo or practice effect .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Before randomization , all patients had already been treated for one year with angiotensin-converting enzyme ( ACE ) inhibitors or angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonists ( ARBs ) and other antihypertensive drugs .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The effect of ZK 200775 on level of consciousness gave cause for concern and the trial was stopped prematurely for safety reasons .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Appreciated. I'll retain these important details.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-10 00:00]\n<User>Here are some annotated classification examples:\n\nSample: The purpose of this study was to establish , using a quasi-experimental design , whether 2 family risk factors , parental psychological dysfunction and nonsupportive parenting , during preadolescence could longitudinally predict elevated sympathetic nervous system ( SNS ) activity 9 years later , and to determine whether participation in an efficacious family centered prevention program could moderate these associations if they emerged .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Mean scanning time for the whole liver was 2.1 seconds .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Subjects were randomized to treat one attack per menstrual cycle for 3 months with either zolmitriptan or placebo .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: We aim to investigate the efficacy of acupuncture for acute migraine attacks comparing with sham acupuncture .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: As protein conjugates , they induce opsonophagocytic antibodies that confer type-specific active and passive protection in mice .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This study aimed to establish whether and under what conditions medical students can learn in a self-directed manner in the clinical environment .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The primary endpoint for reactogenicity relied on monitoring of adverse events .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Assessment of a new rehabilitation method for unilateral neglect syndrome ( UNS ) , using a specific device ( Bon Saint Come 's device ) that associates exploratory reconditioning with voluntary trunk rotation .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: No significant correlation was observed between VEGF at baseline and age , diabetes duration , glycaemic control , blood pressure , smoking , fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Nevertheless , little is known about the parameters that predict which patients are % CDT positives at treatment entry .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Subjects returned to their study centres after 2 , 4 , 6 , 9 and 12 months of treatment where blood and urine samples were collected and adverse events were reviewed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We examined patients biweekly for mucositis at 15 head-and-neck subsites and administered quality-of-life questionnaires .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Similarly , 15 patients in whom anesthesia was maintained with sufentanil and the priming solution was mixed with sufentanil were randomly assigned to the sufentanil group\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To assess the effect of the incorporation of amylase in maize-based flours prepared as gruels on the energy intake and growth of Congolese infants .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Nasal patency was measured by active anterior rhinomanometry ( AAR ) at recruitment and after a three-day CPAP treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No malignancies were observed .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The intervention consisted of eight acupuncture sessions .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Ambrisentan is well tolerated and is associated with a low risk of aminotransferase abnormalities .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: As well in ulinastatin group , above date were ( 25.9 + / - 2.4 ) , ( 24.8 + / - 2.1 ) , ( 0.040 + / - 0.013 ) , ( 0.095 + / - 0.021 ) , ( 0.116 + / - 0.017 ) , ( 0.087 + / - 0.019 ) and ( 0.043 + / - 0.012 ) respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The smallest change on the NPQ that can be construed as clinically important ( the MCID ) was obtained by ( 1 ) comparing values derived from different methods that account for the measurement error of the questionnaire with improvements in other neck pain-specific measures , and then ( 2 ) examining the impact of the addition of an independent measure ( `` anchor '' ) relating to participants ' subjective rating of improvement .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: During chemotherapy the overall concordance was 92 % , but this fell to 55 % in the intermediate activity cohort ( 45 % had wild-type genotypes ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Cross-sectional prevalence survey among male participants 50 years and older in the Physicians ' Health Studies I ( N = 18,596 ) and II ( N = 6848 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were no statistically significant differences in the rate of complications , degree of symptom improvement , or activity limitation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The study was performed in the University of Minnesota General Clinical Research Center .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Four ( 15 % ) participants in the usual care group received therapy .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The objective of this analysis is to determine the optimal dose of duloxetine in MDD .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: To assess the anesthetic efficacy and safety of topical ropivacaine versus topical lidocaine in cataract surgery .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: ( ClinicalTrials.gov number , NCT00909090 . )\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The severity of back pain increased after surgery .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A significant recovery of LV function was only observed in the IC abciximab group ( p < 0.001 ) , and IC abciximab group patients had significantly less adverse remodelling as compared to standard IV abciximab treatment ( p = 0.03 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Disruption of noncholesterol sterol absorption due to cholesterol-lowering therapies may result in reduced fat-soluble vitamin absorption .\n\nLabels: 0\n<Assistant>Understood. I'll keep these facts for future reference."]
[{"question": "Sentence: After ITB , the H/M ratio significantly decreased ( left : 0.67 + / -0.47 to 0.15 + / -0.18 , P = 0.005 ; right : 0.55 + / -0.32 to 0.14 + / -0.19 , P = 0.002 ) without placebo effect .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The pharmacokinetic characteristics of the conventional immediate-release ( IR ) formulation of metformin ( Glucophage ) , however , necessitate two - or three-times-daily dosing .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Angiotensin I-converting enzyme ( ACE ) inhibitors reduce angiotensin II formation and induce bradykinin accumulation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Improvements in total cholesterol , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , and triglycerides were observed in the ABC/3TC/ZDV group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Alternative approaches to the relief of pain from this procedure should be explored .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The Sculptor ring was randomly implanted in 30 patients ( Sculptor ring group ) and the Carpentier-Edwards ring in 36 patients ( Carpentier-Edwards ring control group ) from 1993 to 1994 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: After 12 months , 67 % of the PRCL became hard ( score 1 ) in Group A compared to only 7 % in Group B ( P < 0.001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: A 2-step randomization procedure was followed : first , a Zelen-design randomization was performed to distribute patients ( without informing them ) to the existing care group or to receive training in self-management ; second , trained patients were randomized to the 3 other study groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Secondary outcome measure was change in MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery ( MATRICS ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Jianpi Shugan Recipe had obvious efficacy in treatment of NASH .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: In animal models carbogen ( normobaric 95 % oxygen , 5 % carbon dioxide ) provides significant enhancement of local tumor control with fractionated radiotherapy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: In part A , 2 cohorts of 9 subjects received either 5 and 25 mg or 10 and 50 mg .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was also a significant difference between patients for deltaP , deltaT , and PTP for each trigger method ( p < 0.001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The clinical total effective rate , symptom score , QOL scale [ Seattle Angina Questionnaire ( SAQ ) ] and incidence of important clinical events were defined as the observation indices to evaluate the interventional effect of YQYYD on the QOL of patients with UAP of the qi-yin deficiency syndrome .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The complication rate was significantly greater in group 1 , with 15 septic complications ( fever greater than 38.5 C for longer than 3 days ) in 10 patients compared to only 2 episodes in group 2 ( p = 0.007 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The differences between the two groups were not statistically significant ( P = 0.21 and 0.39 ; Mann-Whitney test ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Severity of mania and depression ratings at baseline were not related to ECT response .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Low dose ( 1.25 mg ) ramipril once daily has no effect on cardiovascular and renal outcomes of patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuria , despite a slight decrease in blood pressure and urinary albumin .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Nonhematologic adverse events in both groups were comparable and mostly grade 1 or 2 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In addition to regular monitoring of adherence , data were collected regarding facility characteristics , staffing , policies and procedures , perception of HPs and related experience , and research staff ratings of environmental and overall quality ; and also resident demographic characteristics , and function , health , and psychosocial status .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: In stratified analyses , subjects more compliant with MBSR tended to experience greater improvements in measures of energy and physical functioning .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The study is consisting of two groups of pediatric patients following tonsillectomy performed in a university hospital .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of erythromycin for improving gastric motility in critically injured trauma patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Compared with CG-alpacas , TG-alpacas had fewer lymphocytes ( P = .0322 ) , more band neutrophils ( P = .0087 ) , and higher neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios ( P = .0295 ) during the first 96 hours of the study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Compared with the multiple-dose group , patients who received a single dose of dolasetron had a significantly ( P = 0.034 ) longer median time to the first emetic episode ( 10.1 h vs > 24 h , respectively ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In both IFN groups , especially the 250g arm , NAb-positive status was not associated with a convincing impact on any clinical outcome measure by any statistical analysis .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: For HRV , there was a main effect of sodium on resting SD of normalized RR intervals ( SDNN ) , square root of the mean squared difference of successive normalized RR intervals ( RMSSD ) , high frequency , low-frequency normalized units ( LFnu ) , and high-frequency normalized units ( HFnu ) ( P < 0.01 for all ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The randomisation was blinded for treating orthoptist and researcher .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: When a leading follicle of at least 18 mm was present , ovulation was triggered with human chorionic gonadotropin ( hCG ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Secondary end points include parasite clearance time , rates of recurrent infection/treatment failure to day 42 , gametocyte carriage throughout follow-up and rates of anaemia at day 28 , as determined by survival analysis .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: At the conclusion of the original study , 254 men who had been assigned to WW consented to longer-term follow-up .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: First pain scores recordings in arrival to ( PACU ) were significantly less in remifentanil-ketamine group than remifentanil group and the time passed to first patient controlled analgesia ( PCA ) demand dose was increased in remifentanil-ketamine group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Postbaseline data were available from 33 patients receiving iron sucrose and 29 patients receiving ferric gluconate .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Seventy-eight patients scheduled for primary , isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery were randomly assigned to receive `` full Hammersmith '' dose aprotinin , high dose EACA ( 100 mg/kg initial loading dose , 5 g in the pump prime solution , 30 mg x kg ( -1 ) x h ( -1 ) maintenance infusion ) or equal volumes of a saline-placebo in a double-blind trial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Mean airway pressure and percentage inspired oxygen were compared before , 1-4 hours after , and 4-12 hours after drug administration .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The aim of the current paper is to outline the study protocol of a trial testing the efficacy of an SMS based intervention for smoking cessation in apprentices .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The major clinical end points included death , myocardial infarction , cerebrovascular accident , or revascularization ( either coronary artery bypass grafting or repeat PCI ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: From the results of this study , it seems that a single group songwriting session can be an effective intervention concerning motivation and readiness for treatment in patients on a detoxification unit .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Baseline to Month 12 change in LF was augmented by 50 % [ 95 % confidence interval ( 95 % CI ) 6.1-112 % , P = 0.022 ] and LF + HF was augmented by 40 % ( 95 % CI 3.3-88 .4 % , P = 0.03 ) in patients assigned to daily hemodialysis ( DHD ) compared with conventional HD .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Safety assessments included physical examinations , clinical laboratory tests , and ECGs at the beginning and end of the study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: ( 1 ) The therapeutic efficacy in the treatment group was superior to that in the control group ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Dialysate levels of cancer antigen 125 ( CA125 ) increased in the test group , from 17.5 + / - 11.0 to 32.4 + / - 4.6 units/L ( p = 0.04 ) , whereas , in the control group , the levels remained stable ( 15.5 + / - 8.7 and 14.9 + / - 9.8 units/L respectively , p = 0.4 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The researchers evaluated the effectiveness of paroxetine and Problem-Solving Treatment for Primary Care ( PST-PC ) for patients with minor depression or dysthymia .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Median survival was longer in patients assigned to 500 mg twice daily ( median , 249 days ) than in patients assigned to 1000 mg or 2000 mg .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Least squares mean ( 95 % confidence interval ) weight loss with lorcaserin BID and QD was 5.8 % ( 5.5-6 .2 % ) and 4.7 % ( 4.3-5 .2 % ) , respectively , compared with 2.8 % ( 2.5-3 .2 % ) with placebo ( P < 0.001 vs. lorcaserin BID ; least squares mean difference , 3.0 % ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Both diseases are characterized by dehydroepiandrosterone ( DHEA ) deficiency , yet this is not usually corrected .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Exercise consisted of alternating resistance training and running 5 times/wk .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Weight-bearing ability can be reliably measured and may serve as a useful outcome measure in individuals with stroke .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: No statistical significance between fresh and cryopreserved corneas ( P > 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: By preventing the loss of muscle mass , clenbuterol administered early in rehabilitation may benefit severely debilitated patients imposed by inactivity .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The grade of hemorrhoids was significantly reduced after 1 year for both methods , but there was a trend to more patients with remaining grade 2 hemorrhoids in group A ( p = 0.06 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: A univariate analysis was performed to identify any associations between potential risk factors for myocardial injury and elevated troponin T concentrations .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Postoperative blood loss was similar in the two groups ; however , aspirin was associated with a nonsignificant higher rate of reoperation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: In patients with severe asthma ( n = 173 ) , seroprotection 21 days after the first immunization was 77.9 % ( 95 % CI , 67.7 % to 86.1 % ) and 94.1 % ( 95 % CI , 86.8 % to 98.1 % ) at the 15 - and 30-g doses , respectively ( P = .004 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Efficacy was assessed using visual analog pain scores and motor and sensory block assessments , and safety was assessed by recording maternal and fetal/neonate vital signs and adverse events .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Glucose may be a suitable replacement sugar .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: In addition , investigators blindly assessed the site of infusion for the presence of edema , rash , and leakage .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: At the end of the baseline phase , subjects still meeting study criteria were randomized in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to receive divalproex sodium extended-release 250 mg , 500 mg , or 1000 mg once daily , or placebo .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: One quarter of strokes are of unknown cause , and subclinical atrial fibrillation may be a common etiologic factor .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Consistent with what has been previously reported , increased risk of renal/hypertension events and cardiac disorders associated with celecoxib therapy mandates caution in patient selection .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: All control heifers were viremic following challenge exposure , and calves born to control heifers were persistently infected with BVDV .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Second-look laparoscopy with dye insufflation was carried out about 12 weeks after the first operation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Electroneurographic assessments with surface electrodes were performed after single injections of NT 201 ( 2 , 4 , 16 , or 32 units ) into the extensor digitorum brevis ( EDB ) muscle and the same dose ( Botox ; Allergan Pharmaceuticals ( Ireland ) Ltd. .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Subclinical hypothyroidism is a health state that is associated with hypercholesterolemia , infertility , iron-deficiency anemia , and poor obstetric outcome .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Each patient was examined before starting orthodontic treatment ( baseline ) and shortly after debonding ( follow-up ) in a 2-year study period .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Two blinded observers examined the sections for changes in collagen and measured depth and width of the MTZs .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Biochemical and histologic responses , particularly regression of cirrhosis , in patients with chronic hepatitis B are associated with decreased liver-related complications .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Echocardiography was performed within the first 3 days and at 6 months after MI .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: We sought to assess the intra - and postoperative haemodynamic effects of continuous perioperative beta-adrenergic blockade combined with phosphodiesterase ( PDE ) III inhibition and its potential benefits in limiting perioperative myocardial ischaemia in high-risk vascular surgery patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Severity of depression and anxiety was measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale , before starting re-treatment , and 4 , 12 , and 24 weeks after immunotherapy with pegylated interferon alfa-2a .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Hand-foot syndrome ( HFS ) is a common adverse event that can be induced by capecitabine .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Bowel symptoms were recorded in daily and weekly diaries .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A prospective randomized audiological analysis of 336 otosclerosis operations was conducted to compare the evolution of bone conduction thresholds after primary stapedotomy with two different techniques to open the footplate : microdrill and carbon dioxide laser stapedotomy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: We measured basal septal wall velocities of early ( Em ) and late ( Am ) diastolic myocardial wall motion , Em velocity deceleration time ( E-decm ) , and isovolumic relaxation time ( IVRTm ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: No significant changes in blood chemistry or urinalysis data were observed in either group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Donors undergoing laparoscopic nephrectomy reported less bodily pain in the first 6 weeks postdonation , and this was associated with an improved mental health component of quality of life compared with ODN ( 51.97.2 vs. 45.310.1 ; P = 0.0009 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: SAP values were significantly lower in Group II during the spinal anesthesia , post-spinal and intraoperative periods ( p < 0.0001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Serum total , LDL and non-HDL cholesterol concentrations were decreased by 9.6 , 16.4 and 15.3 % compared with the baseline concentrations in the STAEST group ( P < 0.05 for all ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The first polysomnographic examination was performed before the beginning of the experiment for all the participants .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The two groups had similar cardiovascular risk factors at baseline .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: IANBs of 1.8 mL lidocaine with epinephrine had a success rate of 26 % , whereas the administration of 3.6 mL had a 54 % success rate .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Study 2 examined the reproducibility of the bronchodilator response to a daily dose of nebulised RPL554 ( 0018 mg/kg ) for 6 consecutive days in a single-blind ( patients masked ) , placebo-controlled study in 12 men with clinically stable asthma .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Study duration was extended further for 13 cycles , with 531 women receiving treatment for up to 26 cycles .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was no statistically or clinically significant beneficial effect of oral acyclovir in treating HSV stromal keratitis in patients receiving concomitant topical corticosteroids and trifluridine with regard to time to treatment failure , proportion of patients who failed treatment , proportion of patients whose keratitis resolved , time to resolution , or 6-month best-corrected visual acuity .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Postpartum Vitamin A supplementation had a beneficial impact on the infant serum retional and the breast milk retinol level but no effect on infant growth .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: In this multicentre study stable CAD patients with left ventricular ejection fraction > 40 % will be randomized after recent myocardial infarction or revascularization ( PCI or CABG ) to a supervised 12-week programme of three weekly sessions of either AIT ( 85-90 % of peak oxygen uptake [ peakVO2 ] , 90-95 % of peak heart rate ) or MCT ( 60-70 % of peakVO2 , 65-75 % of peak heart rate ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: We compared CT fluoroscopy ( CTF ) for the initial puncture of bile ducts with conventional fluoroscopic guidance in patients with malignant jaundice in whom percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage ( PTBD ) was planned .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Relative to the placebo group , single and combination probiotics reduced fever incidence by 53.0 % ( P = .0085 ) and 72.7 % ( P = .0009 ) , coughing incidence by 41.4 % ( P = .027 ) and 62.1 % ( P = .005 ) , and rhinorrhea incidence by 28.2 % ( P = .68 ) and 58.8 % ( P = .03 ) , respectively .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: There were data for 99 subjects for analysis .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In the whole group of 63 evaluable patients , both with lung cancer as with other tumors , the combined treatment led to a better duration of survival ( median 10 vs. 6 months ; p = 0.04 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Drinking orange juice and brushing with toothpaste B. Drinking and brushing times were around 0900 , 1100 , 1300 and 1500 h. Drinks were consumed as 250 ml over 10 min and brushing ex vivo for 1 min to each specimen .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: We compared the effectiveness and tolerability of reboxetine and paroxetine in the treatment of PD .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: ANOVA test showed statistical differences in stress levels for Needle/Control Groups in the third and fourth assessments , according to Stress Symptoms List when compared the three groups in four assessments .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Thirty-five patients of `` stage '' group sodium bicarbonate was used in two stages : in first stage sodium bicarbonate was given by venous drip until pH7 .15 , and in second stage sodium bicarbonate was given by intravenous drip till pH7 .25 after 6 hours .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Heterogeneity of resting perfusion may be due in part to up-regulation of coronary vasoconstriction via endothelin ( ET ) type A receptors , as homogeneity increases during subsequent vasodilatory hyperemia .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: As these figures show , the correct reaction time was significantly shortened between the first and second examinations in the TJ-960 group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Randomized crossover trial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Taken together , it appears that music-listeners exhibit plasma signal molecule changes consistent with the physiological changes associated with the reported actions of music , i.e , lower blood pressure .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Clinical therapeutic effect of acup-moxibustion combined with western medicine is better than that of simple western medicine .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: When this particular fat at these amounts is delivered in a meal replacement drink , droplet size does not influence appetite or food intake .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}]