["[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-01 00:00]\n<User>Please memorize these classification examples and their labels:\n\nSample: These data simulations included interindividual , interoccasion and residual unidentified variability .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The analyses will be according to the intention to treat principle .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The effect of ISMN , however , is mediated only via expansion of peritoneal surface area without significant change in pore size .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Combining bevacizumab with first-line or second-line chemotherapy improves progression-free survival in HER2-negative locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Adjusted results showed that undocumented status was associated with lower likelihood of blood pressure checked in the previous 2 years ( OR = 0.60 ; 95 % CI , 0.43-0 .84 ) , cholesterol checked in the past 5 years ( OR = 0.62 ; 95 % CI , 0.39-0 .99 ) , and perceived receipt of excellent/good care in the past year ( OR = 0.56 ; 95 % CI , 0.39-0 .77 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Anti-aldosterone drugs were prohibited in both groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The estimated protective level was 80 microg Ab/mL .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After oral administration , lobeglitazone was rapidly absorbed with the time to maximum plasma concentration ( t ( max ) ) ranging from 0.5 to 4.0 h.\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Variations in travel time existed among patients depending on their distance from the dermatologist 's office .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Root surface biomodification has been used to treat gingival recession and periodontitis .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: For 6 months , the Kupperman menopausal index ( KMI ) , the vaginal cytological maturation value ( MV ) and both hormonal and lipid profiles were assessed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The role of maternal and child nutrition in this association remains unclear .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the impact of cholecystectomy on postoperative respiratory disturbances by comparing the laparotomic cholecystectomy with laparoscopic gallbladder removal .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The mean duration of labour was significantly shorter in the expectant group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Model robustness was tested using various sensitivity analyses .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Throughout the past years , several studies have shown that fluorescence cystoscopy with ALA ( 5-aminolevulinic acid ) improves the detection rate of superficial bladder tumors by approximately 20 % compared to standard white light cystoscopy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Once-daily , subcutaneous administration of fondaparinux without monitoring is at least as effective and is as safe as adjusted-dose , intravenous administration of unfractionated heparin in the initial treatment of hemodynamically stable patients with pulmonary embolism .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Aim of the study is to evaluate prospectively if contamination happens during surgical procedure or in a later time according to the presence of the open drainage .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Although both peptides exert their effects by binding to a common receptor ( natriuretic peptide receptor A ) with about the same affinity , their respective loading and maintenance doses differ .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Open-label , prospective , randomized study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Both interventions involved blind venipuncture of the subclavian vein .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The dose of erythropoietin was changed as needed , according to the level of the haemoglobin , aiming to keep it at 11 ( 2 ) g/dL during the study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Also , the increase in AUC ( total ) with increasing HbA ( 1c ) was much more pronounced .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the sulindac group , the numbers of adenomas plus hyperplastic polyps ( total polyps ) and adenomas at 12 months were significantly ( P = 0.02 ) and marginally ( P = 0.064 ) lower , respectively , in comparison with the placebo group ; no such difference was observed in the etodolac group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Medical Research Council Registry code G0501297 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Statin administration was started at least 3 days before the procedure.Incidence of peri-procedural myocardial injury was assessed by analysis of creatinine kinase myocardial isoenzyme ( CK-MB : upper limit of normal [ ULN ] 3.5 ng/ml ) and cardiac troponin I ( cTn I , ULN 0.10 ng/ml ) before , 6 and 12 h after the intervention .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Whether these results can be extrapolated to transplant recipients in whom CsA is usually associated to treatment by glucocorticosteroids deserves further evaluation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The efforts of the national coordinators have shown that it is possible to enroll and follow up very large numbers of head-injured patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Time-dependent models were fitted with time-varying log EPO and Hb and , separately , lagged log EPO and Hb , with adjustment for baseline patient characteristics .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: It was accompanied by the favourable effect of verapamil therapy on exercise capacity in the 6-min walk test ( 95 % CI 21.3-110 .7 ; p = 0.005 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This prospective , randomized , double-blind , controlled , clinical , unicentre , interventional trial compared mixtures of lidocaine-bupivacaine with chloroprocaine-bupivacaine in scleral buckling surgery performed by 1 surgeon during a 12-month period .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Pulse , blood pressure , respiratory rate , end-tidal CO2 , middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity , and pulsatility index were measured at ( 1 ) baseline ( once supine positioning was assumed ) ; ( 2 ) immediately after administration of 20 mL local anesthetic ; and ( 3 ) every 5 minutes for 25 minutes .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Safety and tolerability were comparable ; reactogenicity was generally mild .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Health workers should also be trained and monitored to ensure adherence .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The surfactant given 6 hours after birth to the immature controls resulted in an immediate improvement of the oxygenation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This article presents LF-TENS may effectively complement pharmacological treatment in patients with SCI and neuropathic pain .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: PSA responses occurred in 52 % and 60 % of Arms A and B1 , respectively ; the primary PSA response objective in Arm A was not met .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We performed a prospective randomized double-blind study involving 142 patients with acute peptic ulcer bleeding ( Forrest classification I-II : spurting or oozing bleeding , non-bleeding visible vessel , clot and black base ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Six hundred and fifty adult outpatients with moderate-to-severe major depression ( DSM-III-R ) were randomly assigned to receive citalopram at doses of 10 mg ( N = 131 ) , 20 mg ( N = 130 ) , 40 mg ( N = 131 ) , or 60 mg ( N = 129 ) or placebo ( N = 129 ) once daily .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Overnight pulse oximetry and daily symptom scores did not change during the study period .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Intervention participants were less likely to move from not having cholesterol screening in the last 5 years to having their cholesterol measured within 5 years ( OR = 0.34 ; 95 % CI , 0.17-0 .67 ) , with an absolute difference of 15 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: All houses were georeferenced to enable spatial analysis .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Thanks for sharing. I've committed this to memory.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-02 00:00]\n<User>These examples show different classes - please note the labels:\n\nSample: The TM group measured body weight , blood pressure , and heart rate on a daily basis with electronic devices that transferred the data automatically to an online database .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Sensitivity was calculated by using estimates of the prevalence of sextant biopsy detectable prostate cancers .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The control group received all messages in bulk ( i.e. , within a single e-mail message ) at the conclusion of the intervention .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Pathogenic avian influenza virus ( H5N1 ) has the potential to cause a major global pandemic in humans .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Sixty patients used the infusion pump for a mean of 43.9 hours ( range , 15.50 to 50.75 hrs ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Combination of NB-UVB therapy with melanocyte transplantation can accelerate repigmentation of transplanted vitiliginous areas , especially if NB-UVB is given before and after transplantation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We analyzed the physician demographic variables in addition to patient ethnicity and SES to differentiate which variables affected treatment preferences .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The two groups of patients were comparable in terms of preoperative assessments , hepatic inflow occlusion time , extent of resection and background liver conditions .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Fifty-two patients were randomly divided into Xue Bijing injection treatment group ( Group B ) and control group ( Group A ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were no differences in age , sex , causes of obstructive jaundice or methods of drainage procedure between the UDCA and placebo groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: MRI-determined synovial membrane volumes are closely related to the rate of progressive joint destruction .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We performed a prospective , single-blinded study including 227 participants , comprising 131 parents , 58 nurses , and 38 doctors .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At day 365 , the following response rates were observed for abatacept and infliximab , respectively : American College of Rheumatology ( ACR ) 20 , 72.4 and 55.8 % ; ACR 50 , 45.5 and 36.4 % ; ACR 70 , 26.3 and 20.6 % ; low disease activity score ( LDAS ) , 35.3 and 22.4 % ; DAS28-defined remission , 18.7 and 12.2 % ; good European League Against Rheumatism ( EULAR ) responses , 32.0 and 18.5 % ; and Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index ( HAQ-DI ) , 57.7 and 52.7 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary endpoint was the number and percentage of patients reporting any adverse event ( AE ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The macronutrient composition of the high-GI diet was ( as percent of energy ) 67 % carbohydrate , 15 % protein , and 18 % fat and that of the low-GI diet was 43 % carbohydrate , 27 % protein , and 30 % fat ; the diets had similar total energy , energy density , and fiber contents .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We studied 390 patients treated with insulin in the outpatient clinics of 3 hospitals in a randomized , placebo-controlled trial with a follow-up period of 4.3 years .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients in the interferon group received interferon-alpha 6 MIU intramuscularly every day for 2 weeks , then three times a week for 14 weeks and finally twice a week for 88 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Four validation studies were carried out to establish reliability and validity .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was no significant difference in the other parameters when comparing the results at inclusion and after 3 months within both groups and between the groups after 3 months with a few exceptions .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Randomized clinical trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To test whether subsensory vibratory noise applied to the sole of the foot using a novel piezoelectric vibratory insole can significantly improve sensation , enhance balance , and reduce gait variability in elderly people , as well as to determine the optimal level of vibratory noise and whether the therapeutic effect would endure and the user 's sensory threshold would remain constant during the course of a day .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Fear of the future is the most pressing target for psychosocial interventions .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: One hundred and sixty-five cases who wore arches the first time were selected and treated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the current study , side effects were transient and did not require specific medication .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Seventy cases of IS were randomly divided into a treatment group of 35 cases and a control group of 35 cases .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Fifty-nine women underwent 114 attempts of natural-cycle IVF , and 70 women underwent 101 attempts of IVF with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with microdose GnRH analog flare .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Further studies are needed to evaluate the potential long-term effects of NCB-02 and its combination with other herbal antioxidants .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In selected patients , ELRR had similar oncological results to TME .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Health care visits and days of missed work were counted .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Blood loss during the first 24 hours was similar in both groups , but total transfusions were significantly greater in those who received fresh-frozen plasma instead of albumin 5 % in the prime ( 8.0 + / - 4.2 versus 6.1 + / - 4.5 U , respectively ; p = 0.035 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Excellent. I've documented all of this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-03 00:00]\n<User>I'm providing classification data with labels for your reference:\n\nSample: Children aged 7-72 months and admitted with an asthma exacerbation clinical asthma score ( CAS ) of between 3 and 9 were allocated to either the budesonide ( n = 50 ) or the placebo ( n = 50 ) group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Five out of 80 eyes ( 6.25 % ) single plane , 8 out of 80 ( 10 % ) two plane and 30 out of 80 ( 37.5 % ) three - plane incisions developed significant CHIP ( p = 0.005 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Inclusion criteria consisted of patients who either had disc herniation or radiculitis , or patients with discogenic pain proven by controlled comparative local anesthetic blocks not to be caused by facet joint pain .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Clinicians prescribing SIR should maintain a high level of vigilance for VTE , particularly among patients with other risk factors for this complication .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Outcome measures included a decrease in Pediatric Crohn 's Disease Activity Index and remission rates .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: LROM measurements with the electrogoniometer showed excellent reliability for flexion and fair-to-good reliability for other motions .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The overall in-ICU mortality was 15.6 % , with no significant difference in the 2 groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Residents interested in teaching and with more education debt were marginally more likely to express interest in MS care .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There is only one prospective study comparing oral antidiabetic drugs to insulin in the treatment of CFRD without fasting hyperglycaemia .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Infants < or = 1250 g with umbilical vein catheters placed at admission were randomly assigned to a long-term ( umbilical vein catheter up to 28 days ) or short-term ( umbilical vein catheter for 7-10 days followed by percutaneous central venous catheter ) group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We evaluated the applicability of a new kind of press needle ( Pyonex ) to a double-blind trial by comparing the press needle with a placebo ( lacking the needle element ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: GFR and RPF increased significantly 2 h after both the chicken and beef meals ( chicken , 98 + / -13 vs 119 + / -18 and 476 + / -123 vs 570 + / -99 ml/min/1 .73 m2 ; beef , 107 + / -14 vs 122 + / -16 and 501 + / -118 vs 560 + / -97 ml/min/1 .73 m2 , for GFR and RPF at basal and 2 h respectively , P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: While hypertension does not itself appear to alter the elastic behaviour of large peripheral arteries , antihypertensive treatment may increase the compliance of these blood vessels .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: One group received the LSVT , which emphasises high phonatory-respiratory effort .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Ulcer healing rate was registered at the 9-month follow-up visit .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Rescue antiemetics were administered if two or more episodes of vomiting occurred .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The object of this study was to determine the effect of pre-treatment with clopidogrel in patients undergoing elective stent implantation .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: To study the clinical effect and mechanism of auricular acupoint pressing ( AAP ) in treating sleep apnea syndrome ( SAS ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The results indicate that imagery rescripting is effective even without cognitive restructuring and question the importance of the latter .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: During Er : YAG laser vitrectomy , the average suction force was significantly reduced ( P < 0.001 ) compared with that during mechanical vitrectomy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The decrease in alertness following therapy sessions must be taken into account in planning rehabilitative measures .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: 13 patients randomly completed a single study of 4-hour HD ( HD4 ) , 4-hour HDF ( HDF4 ) , 8-hour HD ( HD8 ) , and 8-hour HDF ( HDF8 ) , with a 2-week interval between study sessions .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After a 4-week baseline , 263 adults receiving carbamazepine who had at least three partial-onset seizures during the baseline period were randomized to placebo or one of two topiramate 200 mg/day treatment arms : topiramate escalated weekly 25 mg/day ( 8-week escalation ) or 50 mg/day ( 4-week escalation ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A high dietary protein intake has been shown to blunt the deposition of intrahepatic lipids in high-fat - and high-carbohydrate-fed rodents and humans .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: A double-blind placebo-controlled study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Participants were assigned to have their uterine incision either sharply or bluntly expanded .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To account for follow-up losses , we prospectively randomized 620 term primigravidas undergoing non-emergency cesareans into two groups ( 310 each ) : group 1 , visceral peritoneal closure ; group 2 , non-closure .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These secondary analyses included 418 cocaine dependent participants initiating community intensive outpatient treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Local and/or intravenous sedation was administered in 73 % of NovaSure patients and 18 % of rollerball patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The pastures were also grazed by pregnant mature hinds ( n = 8/treatment ) from mid-May 2001 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Photodynamic therapy using aminolaevulinic acid ( ALA ) activated by intense pulsed light ( IPL ) have shown variable success rates , with some adverse effects .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: To evaluate the effectiveness of morphine aerosols in the treatment of dyspnoea in the palliative care of patients with lung cancer .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In the total sample no lasting treatment benefits were found , but in families reporting a higher number of stressful life events , children in the intervention group had fewer externalising behaviour problems as rated by their mothers than children in the control group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Its etiology , prevention and treatment remain highly controversial .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The CD allocated group performed significantly better on the OSCE ( P = 0.002 ) and C-Log ( P = 0.005 ) than the non-CD group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 200 men per treatment arm ( 400 men in total ) are being recruited after diagnosis and before treatment through a major public hospital outpatient clinic and randomised to 1 ) Robotic Prostatectomy or 2 ) Open Prostatectomy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: So far this question type and its influence on examination scores have not been studied sufficiently .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Subjectively stress incontinence was not present in 97.9 % in the TVT-O and 96.0 % in the group AJUST .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Eligible patients with anxious depression were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or gepirone ER , 20 mg to 80 mg daily .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In addition , the control group reported higher levels of pain at all five assessment times .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thanks for the update. I've recorded these facts.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-04 00:00]\n<User>I'm providing classification data with labels for your reference:\n\nSample: Both groups received 1000 ml of isotonic cristalloid solution and were allowed to drink up to 1000 ml of tea or water per 24 h.\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The double-blind designed study comprised 28 healthy , non-smoking young men aged between 19 and 31 years .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Among the prognostic factors universally available for study , three were highly associated with survival in all three studies : age , French-American-British disease classification , and white blood cell count at diagnosis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The patients were well matched in terms of demographic and angiographic baseline characteristics ; 18 % had diabetes .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: P < 0.02 ) were lower with LP .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Kaplan-Meier analysis of phototherapy duration showed no difference in the survival curves of the 2 groups ( P = 0.6 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Visceral adipose tissue , mid-thigh cross-sectional area , and mid-thigh muscle attenuation were quantified using computed tomography .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Hot flush intensity and frequency were assessed with the Menopause Rating Scale and a numeric scale respectively at baseline and at 1 , 4 and 8 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The Arizona Sexual Experiences ( ASEX ) Scale , Menopause-Specific Quality of Life ( MENQOL ) questionnaire , and Menopause Symptoms Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire ( MS-TSQ ) were secondary measures used to assess the effects of BZA/CE on sexual function , menopausal symptoms , and satisfaction with treatment , respectively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator ( ICD ) is still not remunerated by Dutch healthcare insurers .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Double-blind , randomized active control multicenter trial ( Reversal of Atherosclerosis with Aggressive Lipid Lowering [ REVERSAL ] ) performed at 34 community and tertiary care centers in the United States comparing the effects of 2 different statins administered for 18 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Adverse events were monitored .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The study was a randomized crossover design , each subject completing 5 , 90 min walks at 50 % of predetermined maximal oxygen uptake ( VO2 max ) , one following each 3 day treatment period with either : atenolol 100 mg and bezafibrate 400 mg , atenolol 100 mg and fluvastatin 40 mg , metoprolol CR 100 mg and bezafibrate 400 mg , metoprolol CR 100 mg and fluvastatin 40 mg , or placebo .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the aprotinin group , 0.5 million KIU infused before and 0.5 million KIU during cardiopulmonary bypass .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This study demonstrated that the use of diode laser ( 980nm ) with large diameter spot size , in association with exercise therapy , appears to be effective .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Calf size hosiery providing documented ankle pressures of 4-9 ( mean 7.3 ) , 12-18 ( mean 14.9 ) and 18-22 ( mean 19.5 ) mmHg , respectively , were tested in a prospective , open-label , randomized trial lasting three weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A large majority ( 70 % ) preferred lamotrigine , 16 % stated preference for topiramate , and 14 % had no preference ( drugs equivalent ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The control group was noted to have statistically significant higher visual analog scale pain scores , an increased length of hospital stay , and increased narcotic use compared with the tramadol group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Atrial fibrillation ( AF ) is a common complication after coronary artery bypass grafting ( CABG ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Patients were kept on HCT 25 mg daily throughout the trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A greater FWHR , lower attractiveness , and higher masculinity independently influenced rated aggressiveness by both age groups and also were valid cues to actual aggressiveness .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The hypothesis was that the DP method could be the most effective in achieving haemodynamic stability .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Thiry-eight children aged 1-13 years , who were consecutively referred to the University Medical Centre Groningen for DBPCFC between January 2002 and February 2004 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Five centres in four countries - one centre each in France , Greece and Italy , and two centres in the Netherlands .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Continuous epidural analgesia may be considered in liver resection but is often avoided because of possible coagulopathies and the risk of epidural hematoma in the postoperative period .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The ideal level to maximize efficacy and minimize the side effect of compensatory hyperhidrosis ( CH ) is controversial .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: After each session , the participants ate ad libitum from buffet-type meals at lunch and dinner and ate snacks during the afternoon and evening .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After 12 months , a significant gain in bone mineral density ( BMD ) of the lumbar spine ( 1.6 % , p = 0.02 ) , and reduction in bone resorption and formation markers was observed in the raloxifene but not in the placebo treated patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The role of viral infections in chronic allograft nephropathy deserves further investigation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The second slope of viral decline induced by interferon treatment has been suggested to be influenced mainly by the hepatitis C virus ( HCV ) - specific T-cell response ; however , this hypothesis needs to be validated by results derived from experimental studies .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Our data suggest that prenatal supplementation with multiple micronutrients as part of a prenatal care package in addition to interventions to promote improved maternal prepregnancy nutrition status is an important strategy to increase birthweight and reduce the incidence of low birthweight .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Compared with those of the control group of 33.8 % ( 25/74 ) and 87.8 % ( 65/74 ) , the occurrence rate of severe complications and curative rate of the treatment group were 18.4 % ( 14/76 ) and 94.7 % ( 72/76 ) respectively ( the former P < 0.05 , but the latter P > 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The cost/utility ratios of the two strategies were compared .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Treatment was continued until two consecutive courses induced a response ( i.e. , overall success , the major criterion for which was 80 % PSA reduction ) or until patients were given two different regimens that failed to induce such a response .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was no statistically significant difference in the proportions of patients who saw movements , flashes , instruments , or the surgeon or medical staff during the operation and who found their visual sensations frightening in the two groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The risk factors to the prognosis were TCM type , clinical stage and liver function .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Eighty volunteers completed the study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No associations were found between urate level and either risk or severity of stroke .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The hypothesis that ADP is involved in stress-induced platelet activation was not supported .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Moreover , pain perception score VAS showed a reduction in both groups , but it was significantly lower in BSG at end of treatment and both follow-ups ( P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 5 % topical minoxidil solution has been widely used to stimulate new hair growth and help stop hair loss in men with androgenetic alopecia ( AGA ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: To determine whether montelukast is as effective as budesonide in controlling mild persistent asthma as determined by FEV ( 1 ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: enrollment in the Albumin in Acute Stroke ( ALIAS ) Trial was suspended in late 2007 due to a safety concern .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: There were small decreases in sodium and chloride and increases in alkaline phosphatase with icodextrin .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Perivertebral venous leakage was present in 56 vertebrae ( 88 % ) , mostly in the anterior external venous plexus ( 46 of 56 , 82 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thanks for sharing. I've committed this to memory.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-05 00:00]\n<User>Here are some annotated classification examples:\n\nSample: The AUC following oral administration of 600 mg was 157.83 + / - 35.82 microg x min/ml .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Nodal necrosis was defined as presence of hypodense areas in more than 33 % of the node .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Upon prostate cancer diagnosis patients were excluded from further analysis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Ascorbic acid intake before exercise improved exercise capacity through enhancement of the heart rate and norepinephrine response to exercise in patients after myocardial infarction .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A split-face trial was conducted in 14 Korean participants with acne scars .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Data were analyzed in 2012 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Treatment was randomised with the Simon and Pocock minimisation method .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We assessed postoperative pain relief and the need for opioid use after using a cocktail of local and intraarticular analgesic injection ( LIA ) after THA .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Cystathionine could be a useful marker for assessment of the vitamin B-6 effect and should , together with tHcy , be related to clinical outcome in ongoing trials .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Manipulation of patient information .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A diagnosis of CAP was confirmed by radiography of the chest and physical examination , and sputum samples were analyzed to identify etiologic pathogen ( s ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We designed a randomized , prospective , placebo-controlled and double-blind trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: For the Plaque Index , the mean scores ( SD ) were 0.29 ( 0.29 ) and 0.56 ( 0.46 ) for the gum-chewing group and control groups , respectively ( P < 0.001 ) , at the second examination , which remained significant after controlling for age and saliva flow rate .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No changes of TEOAE were observed .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Gender differences in skin and acne have been reported .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Process and physiologic outcomes were evaluated in all subjects .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This trial provides pivotal safety and provisional efficacy data for an allogeneic bone marrow-derived stem cell in post-infarction patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The LBP episodes were also not statistically significantly different at 6 months ( E : 13.2 % , C : 16.1 % ; C-E : 2.9 % , P2 = 0.493 ; 95 % CI -5.3 % , 11.0 % ) or at 12 months ( E : 24.8 % , C : 23.6 % ; C-E = -1.2 % , P2 = 0.818 ; 95 % CI -11.6 % , 9.2 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No treatment-related complications were reported .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Graves ' orbitopathy ( GO ) is probably caused by autoimmune reactions against autoantigen ( s ) shared by thyroid and orbital tissues sustained by intrathyroidal autoreactive T-lymphocytes infiltrating the orbit .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Patients on the waiting list for assessment for TKJR were invited to participate and were examined in the clinic if they satisfied the inclusion criteria .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: chair stand time , timed-up-and-go time , fear of falling , NEADL index and postural sway with eyes open improved in the Sham group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Because online sex seeking has increased among MSM , Internet-based human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) prevention interventions are of interest .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Blood was drawn before and after vaccination .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The three arms were : IUCs for 24 h , IUCs for 96 h , and SUCs for 96 h.\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: University-affiliated Veterans Affairs general medical and acute care clinics .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The need for postoperative analgesia was significantly higher in group A compared with group B ( mean dose of tramadol needed , 128 mg vs 81.3 mg ) ( P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The study design was a nested cohort ( sixth graders ) longitudinal study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Activation of an endogenous opioid response following induction of hyperalgesia in human volunteers by a burn injury could not be demonstrated with an intravenous naloxone challenge .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The crude mean EPDS score was lower for the multicomponent intervention group than for the usual care group at 3 months ( 8.5 [ 95 % CI 7.2-9 .7 ] vs 12.8 [ 11.3-14 .1 ] ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Though moderately accurate , the outpatient `` 5th vital sign '' is less accurate than under ideal circumstances .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In contrast , visual acuity improved from 23.5 + / - 10.3 at baseline to 30.4 + / - 13.4 letters read at week 16 in eight infliximab-treated eyes and was sustained at completion of placebo treatment ( 31.4 + / - 12.1 letters read ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The selection of both the type of irrigating fluid and the pressure of fluid delivery remain controversial .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: 40 ASA physical status I and II patients undergoing elective hand surgery .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The INT received regular dietary advice and was stimulated to increase their physical activity .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the control group , reassessment followed 3 months after baseline evaluation , and thereafter LVRS was performed .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Thanks for letting me know. I'll keep track of this.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-06 00:00]\n<User>The following are classification examples with their corresponding labels:\n\nSample: The mean internal radial artery diameter was determined at the beginning and after four weeks in response to brachial arterial administration of acetylcholine ( ACh ) ( 7.5 , 15 , 30 microg/min ) and nitroglycerin ( 0.2 mg/min ) with a transcutaneous high-resolution 10 MHz A-mode echo tracking system coupled with a Doppler device .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Fourteen healthy volunteers participated in the study and ERPs were recorded by 32 leads .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Effects of ketoconazole on enantiomer pharmacokinetics were assessed by ANOVA .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Two screening instruments-the Partner Violence Screen ( PVS ) and the Woman Abuse Screening Tool ( WAST ) - were administered and compared with the Composite Abuse Scale ( CAS ) as the criterion standard .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Post-CO2 resurfacing infections are not rare but can appear subtly and might only be noticeable in the second postoperative week .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Both duration of response and duration of survival were significantly longer for patients , who received HD-CNV .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A multicenter prospective 7-year randomized study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The results of the present study show that mifepristone is a simple and effective treatment for inducing labor in post-term women with an unripe cervix .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Impedance values , pacing thresholds and R wave amplitudes measured at implant and last pacemaker check did not significantly differ between RVOT and RVA pacing groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Differences in socio-economic and demographic variables , family history and disease-related variables were determined between eligible participants who were successfully randomized and those who were not randomized following initial consent .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The probability of patients remaining in the study over time without developing signs of exacerbating asthma was significantly greater in the fluticasone propionate groups than in the placebo group ( P = .001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In patients with MI/PAD and no prior stroke or transient ischemic attack , vorapaxar reduced first ischemic stroke ( hazard ratio [ HR ] : 0.57 , 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] : 0.43 to 0.75 ; p < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was no significant difference in the mean opening area between fellow eyes at baseline .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Therefore , modulating the renal VEGF axis by using an SRL-based regimen may influence the evolution of kidney injury associated with renal transplantation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Failure mode was analyzed under SEM , and nanoleakage was examined with TEM .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These data will assist in the determination of an adequate sample size for future studies .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The study objective was to determine if prophylactic administration of doxycycline ( an MMP inhibitor at low subantimicrobial doses ) would prevent unscheduled bleeding during the initiation of a continuous OCP .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Differences in clinicians ' and care managers ' recommendations and placement rates between experimental and control groups were analysed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Tear meniscus values were significantly correlated with clinical examination results and dry eye syndrome .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Insulin sensitivity was measured with euglycaemic hyperinsulinemic clamps .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To characterise the effect of long-term low-dose growth hormone ( GH ) treatment on cardiac anatomy and function .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Spironolactone significantly reduced all indices of QT dispersion .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In view of its positive effects on RT-induced diarrhea , we consider Se supplementation to be a meaningful and beneficial adjuvant treatment in Se-deficient cervical and uterine cancer patients while undergoing pelvic radiation therapy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In myocardial biopsies , an array of established cardioprotective proteins was analyzed by Western immunoblotting .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Responder rates ( 50 % ) were 31.6 % ( placebo ) vs 43.4 % ( p = 0.3383 ) , 58.6 % ( p = 0.0159 ) , and 77.6 % ( p < 0.0001 ) for clobazam 0.25 - , 0.5 - , and 1.0-mg / kg/day groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Except 1 patient with knee pain when kneeling , none reported modifying activity because of persistent knee or ankle pain , although knee and ankle pain were more frequent in the unemployed ( P = 0.03 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Those in the test group ( n = 51 ) chewed a commercial xylitol gum three times daily for a minimum of five minutes each time for three months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The combination of true three-dimensional planning , ease of use , and accurate and precise corrective guidance makes the individualized guide technique a promising approach for performing corrective osteotomy of the distal radius .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Temporal incision is recommended with astigmatism < 1.5 diopters and steep axis at 90 degrees , negligible astigmatism , or astigmatism < 0.75 diopters and steep axis at 180 degrees .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The one-leg stance test , Timed Up and Go test , incidence of fall and the quality of life ( SF-36V2 ) were measured at baseline and after 25 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The respective figure in the raloxifene group was 6.3 % , whereas no woman in the control group showed an increase in breast density .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Paired samples t-tests were used to determine if the presence of errors led to a significant difference between the mean diary and meter SMBG concentrations or coefficients of variation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A high proportion of FRDA patients have a decreased serum CoQ ( 10 ) level which was the best predictor of a positive clinical response to CoQ ( 10 ) / vitamin E therapy .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>Thanks for the information. I've saved it.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-07 00:00]\n<User>Here are some classification examples to learn from. Please pay attention to the labels:\n\nSample: Intraoperative crystalloid fluid substitution , blood loss and urine output did not differ between groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This finding explains why women with circumcised partners are at a lower risk of cervical cancer than other women .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Bionormalizer group showed a significant recovery to control values of either blood viscosity and whole blood filterability ( P < 0.01 ) and a partial , although significant , improvement of red blood cell membrane fluidity , red blood cell malonyldialdehyde and plasma glutathione ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The incremental cost of preventing one case of eclampsia was $ 21,202 in high , $ 2473 in middle and $ 456 in low GNI countries .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Psychiatric research clinic in an academic medical center .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The data were best described by a model assuming an infra-additive interaction for analgesic and antihyperalgesic effects .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A common problem reported in the telephone group was connection failures .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Recently , internal tumescent ultrasonic liposculpture has been introduced .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Of these , 66 patients underwent SIL colectomy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Randomisation stratified for APACHE-II score and hospital site , and delivered groups that were similar at baseline .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Primary outcome was residual ulcer size at 10 weeks based on digital photographs .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Sixty-six patients admitted to the intensive care unit ( ICU ) were randomly divided into control group ( n = 33 ) and LMWH group ( n = 33 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: They were randomly assigned to receive bezafibrate ( 200-400 mg/day ) or pravastatin ( 10-20 mg/day ) , and were prospectively followed-up for 1 year or until the occurrence of CV events .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Capsule endoscopy ( CE ) is the first procedure to explore the small bowel in obscure GI bleeding ( OGB ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: To determine the optimal concentration of ropivacaine for bolus-only patient-controlled epidural labour analgesia , three different doses of ropivacaine were evaluated in comparison with bupivacaine in a double-blinded multicentre study .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: We conducted a comparative intervention study ( 2004 ) in the Outpatient Endocrinology Clinic , Ghent University Hospital .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Mixability of the products was assessed on a five-point scale .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All patients > or = 18 yrs of age who required CRRT while in ICU were eligible to participate , but excluded if coagulopathic , thrombocytopenic or unable to receive heparin .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Isoprostanes are the product of free radical oxidation of arachidonic acid , whose hydrolysis from phospholipids is presumably catalysed by phospholipases A ( 2 ) ( PLA ( 2 ) s ) such as group IIA or V PLA ( 2 ) s , or group VII PLA ( 2 ) [ platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase ( PAF-AH ) , lipoprotein-associated phospholipase ] .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Rectal examination as initial screening test for prostate cancer at low PSA values may be replaced by screening using serum-PSA only .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Also , dogs consuming low alpha-tocopheryl acetate concentrations had higher CD4 + to CD8 + T cell ratios .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of inhaled montelukast added to inhaled mometasone .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: When the two calcium intervention groups were pooled and compared with the pooled noncalcium groups , the estimated supplemental calcium treatment effects were statistically significant for triglycerides ( P = .04 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Students in the guided group were taught using the conventional step-by-step technique .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Outpatient medical practices assigned to the Immediate Intervention ( experimental ) condition were trained to deliver brief quit-smoking advice and counseling .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Of 212 patients who were randomized to receive either adjuvant ( n = 107 ) or neoadjuvant ( n = 105 ) chemoendocrine therapy , 200 are now assessable for response .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Children in schools allocated to the active group received the dental health program , which consisted of four one-hour lessons .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In all , 855 patients were evaluated ; HCC developed in 46 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The modified thresholding provided the highest accuracy , least computation time , and implementation complexity compared with other 2 methods .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Fertility performance data were recorded .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The scores for negative symptoms were reduced by approximately 10 to 15 percent , and only three of the 26 actively treated patients showed moderate clinical improvement .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Participants were current smokers recruited from 100 % smoke-free locked psychiatry units .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: General health ( p = 0.02 ) and oral health-related quality of life ( p = 0.001 ) are significant predictors of sleep quality .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were examined 1 month before the trial , at the beginning of the trial , and every 3 months over a period of 1 year .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The patient case of SpO2 less than 85 % during the operation decreased ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Interestingly , seven weeks later , gingival inflammation and the active collagenase were reduced more significantly than those after four-week root planing in both groups [ Test : ( 311 + / - 98 ) mU/sample vs ( 207 + / - 57 ) mU/sample ;\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: TCM AP is superior to sham AP and verum CHM in reducing menopausal symptoms , whereas verum CHM shows no significant improvements when compared with placebo CHM .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Adult patients with growth hormone deficiency are thought to be at higher risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Of those randomized to observation , one resumed ovulating , one had partial return of ovarian function , and six did not recover .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , at the end of the study , patients treated with cyclical clodronate had higher spinal bone mass compared with those treated continuously ( 3.32 + / - 0.71 versus 0.43 + / - 0.89 % , P < .02 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were randomized to receive ranitidine hydrochloride , 150 mg twice daily , or lansoprazole , 15 mg or 30 mg once daily , for 8 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Accuracy of classification using the test set was 67 % and 42 % for the weak cation exchange array and the copper metal affinity capture array , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To determine whether a reduced-fat diet consumed ad libitum can achieve the recommended intakes of other macronutrients , fiber , and cholesterol and whether such a diet affects intake of other important micronutrients such as fat-soluble vitamins .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The goal of this study was to evaluate in a randomized controlled trial a theory-based intervention to improve patient self-efficacy and partner support to manage SLE .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sodium enoxaparin treatment on patients with noise-induced hearing loss .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Patients were randomly assigned to receive an initial dose of 5 or 10 mg of warfarin .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Intraocular pressure ( IOP ) was measured before ( T1 ) and after ( T2 ) HIPR application and after patient preparation for surgery ( T3 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A prospective , randomized , controlled trial of health care workers entering Contact Isolation rooms in intensive care units was performed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Symptoms and signs improved significantly in both groups ( p = 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Sixty-nine jaundiced , but otherwise healthy , term infants who met the entry criteria for phototherapy set by the American Academy of Pediatrics ' Practice Parameter .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Oxidative stress parameters were not different between the groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A total of 456 patients participating in a randomized trial comparing two suture materials for closure of the abdominal fascia underwent physical examination and ultrasonography at 6-month intervals .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Partners were referred for treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Endpoints were pain ( VAS ) , functional impairment ( hip score ) , activity of daily living ( ADL ) and overall satisfaction before treatment , 2 weeks and 2 months post-intervention .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator ( ICD ) therapy may be associated with an increased risk for heart failure ( HF ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n<Assistant>Understood. I'll keep these facts for future reference.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-08 00:00]\n<User>The following are classification training examples with labels:\n\nSample: Running barefoot decreased peak patellofemoral joint stress by 12 % ( p = 0.000 ) in comparison to shod running .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Primary endpoints of the study were the ventricular rate and the occurrence of sinus rhythm after 30 and 60 min .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This study examined patients who completed treatment , which may have attenuated the findings .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Blood samples of 23 healthy subjects were collected after administration of CIT ; plasma concentration of CIT was analysed using LC/MS-MS .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Ten healthy male volunteers were enrolled in this crossover study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: FirstTEMP may be used as a screening tool to determine if antipyretic medication is working to decrease fevers .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In the steroids group , 4/9 patients ( 45 % ) did not improve in visual acuity ( P = 0.132 vs. surgery group ) , and these needed decompressive surgery .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Ten healthy women ( in vitro study ) , and 24 women undergoing routine controlled ovarian hyperstimulation cycles ( in vivo study ) , randomly assigned to receive either urinary ( u-FSH ) or recombinant gonadotropin ( r-FSH ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Additional time needed for such examination was negligible in terms of cost-benefit relationship .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After surgical team members wore the gloves during surgical procedures , the gloves were examined for microperforations using the watertight test described in European Norm 455 , part 1 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients in both groups revealed a low-grade fever and leukocytosis during the first 7 PODs .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The objective of this study was to determine whether a lifestyle intervention with individual counselling was cost-effective for reducing body weight compared with usual care from a company perspective .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In group 1 and 2 , anaesthesia was induced with 2 mg/kg propofol and maintained with 15-20 mg/kg x h propofol and 30 % O2 in air ( group 1 ) or 10-15 mg/kg x h propofol in N2O ( group 2 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were no significant differences between the SC and the SP groups in the rate of re-intubation , the rate of tracheotomy , the incidence of pneumothorax , the incidence of VAP and the incidence of subcutaneous emphysema .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 140 bacterial species were identified , including those associated with respiratory tract infections and opportunistic infections more generally .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Samples of venous blood will be taken from all participants before taking placebo or DHA , at the 20th or at the 28th week , and at the 37th to 38th week of pregnancy to monitor the level of DHA .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At week 12 , these variables had all decreased significantly .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Diabetes prevention is a public health priority that is dependent upon the reach , effectiveness , and cost of intervention strategies .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This is the first trauma film analogue study to show that the attenuating effect of concurrent sensory/perceptual processing on the frequency and intensity of subsequent intrusions is evident only for people with high trait anxiety .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Forty-two patients who underwent total gastrectomy for gastric cancer were randomized to receive oral EN beginning on postoperative day ( POD ) 3 with peripheral supplements or TPN beginning on POD 3 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After three days of clinical use , correct technique was demonstrated in only 54 percent of the Diskhaler and 64 percent of the Turbuhaler assessments .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Effects of viscous or gel-forming fibers on satiety by post-ingestive mechanisms such as gastric emptying , hormonal signals , nutrient absorption or fermentation are unclear .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Primary outcome was defined as DTC for gait speed under complex S3 conditions .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Feasibility was demonstrated with regard to recruitment , attrition , and treatment characteristics .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Leucocyte and neutrophil counts were much higher in group E than in group RE at 12 h , 24 h post-operatively ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Treatments were allocated after dentin height assessment using balanced drawing .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The two groups were similar in birthweight , gestational age , sex , antenatal steroids , mode of delivery , use of surfactant and xanthines , and duration of mechanical ventilation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Infants were randomly assigned during first three days to receive either Fluconazole or placebo till 28 days or less if , discharged or died earlier .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Case-control study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Within each intervention school , a committee develops an action plan aimed at meeting the primary objective ( preventing the decline in accelerometer-derived MVPA ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In addition , the effects on glycemic control of both treatments were investigated .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The intervention consisted of mailed printed materials designed to encourage contact with a CHO relevant to the patient 's main diagnosed chronic condition .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Program delivery costs , cardiac healthcare use , morbidity , mortality , and quality-adjusted life years were assessed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Overall , the most frequent symptoms ( prevalence of 75 % ) reported spontaneously or after further explanation were awakening from sleep , increased daytime voiding ( frequency ) , urgent desire to void ( urgency ) , slow stream , and feeling of incomplete bladder emptying .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: SJW did not have a clinically significant effect on boceprevir plasma concentrations ( or those of its metabolite ) , suggesting that SJW and boceprevir can be safely co-administered .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to freedom from complications ( P > or = .12 ) ; freedom from thromboembolism at 10 years ( CarboMedics : 91.5 % , 95 % confidence interval : 86.5 % -94.7 % ; St. Jude Medical : 92.2 % , 95 % confidence interval : 87.5 % -95.2 % ) ; freedom from bleeding events ( CarboMedics : 83.0 % , 95 % confidence interval : 76.6 % -87.8 % ; St. Jude Medical : 77.5 % , 95 % confidence interval : 71.1 % -82.7 % ) ; and freedom from death or valve-related complication ( CarboMedics : 51.6 % , 95 % confidence interval : 44.7 % -58.0 % ; St. Jude Medical : 46.2 % , 95 % confidence interval : 39.7 % -52.4 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Osteopathic manipulative treatment and sham manipulation both appear to provide some benefits when used in addition to usual care for the treatment of chronic nonspecific low back pain .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To investigate whether Internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy ( CBT ) can prevent relapse in persons with partially remitted major depression after previous treatment .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Additional data were collected relating to pain-related disability measured using the Oswestry Disability Index ( ODI ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Outcome measures to evaluate mechanism included biochemical markers of bone turnover ( osteocalcin , bone alkaline phosphatase , deoxypyridinoline , N-telopeptide of type I collagen ) , and hormones important to skeletal growth ( parathyroid hormone , oestradiol , insulin-like growth factor I ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Additionally , MRI was undertaken every 2 months for a cohort of 486 patients .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Yindan Xinnaotong Soft Capsule ( YXSC ) on cerebral infarction ( CI ) reconvalescents of static blood blocking collaterals syndrome ( SBBCS ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: A ratio of cost to improvement in mammogram adherence evaluated the cost effectiveness at 6 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Multivariate linear regression analysis identified the IL-6 genotype as a significant predictor of changes in IL-6 serum concentrations independent of age , gender and improvement in body mass index , hemoglobin ( Hb ) A ( 1c ) , and fitness level in response to training .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Anti-CS antibody GMTs were significantly greater with RTS , S/AS01B compared to RTS , S/AS02A at all time points post Dose 2 and Dose 3 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Incremental costs and changes in quality-adjusted life-years ( QALYs ) were computed using a probabilistic decision model .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Got it. I will remember them.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-09 00:00]\n<User>Study these classification examples and pay attention to the categories:\n\nSample: The luminal esophageal temperature ( LET ) was monitored in all patients .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The risk ratio for acustimulation and PONV was 0.29 [ 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) 0.16-0 .52 ] and for rescue therapy , it was 0.38 ( 95 % CI 0.21-0 .66 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The goal of this study was to investigate whether a 6-month course of combination antibiotics is an effective treatment for patients with chronic Chlamydia-induced ReA .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Because there was a discrepancy between the primary and secondary efficacy variables , post hoc analysis was performed to evaluate the reproducibility of both variables in a subset of 50 biopsies .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Within the first four hours of treatment , the mean change in systolic blood pressure from baseline between PPA/B and placebo phases was 1.7 mm Hg ( 95 % CI -5.3 to 8.7 ) , and mean change in diastolic blood pressure was 0.9 mm Hg ( 95 % CI -1.6 to 3.5 ) , excluding a first-dose pressor effect .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A total of 62 patients with both GER and asthma entered a randomized study of antireflux treatments for at least 2 yr : 24 controls ( antacids as needed ) ; 22 medical ( ranitidine 150 mg t.i.d. ) ; and 16 surgical ( Nissen fundoplication ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Prospective double-blind randomized controlled study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Selection , consumption , and waste of apples were measured prior to and during treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients in the ulinastatin group received 150000U ulinastatin by i.v. drip infusion for 2h from the start of the procedure .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the placebo group , BW , FBM , and PBF increased at each visit during the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: It is not clear whether the depth of anesthesia modifies pain intensity by influencing the endocrine-metabolic stress response .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Combination antiviral therapy holds the promise of increasing response rates while decreasing antiviral resistance , but has yet to be shown to be beneficial or necessary in chronic hepatitis B.\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This study was designed to investigate the effect of acarbose in patients with type 2 diabetes with newly initiated insulin treatment who had previously been insufficiently controlled with oral antihyperglycaemic agents [ haemoglobin A ( 1c ) ( HbA ( 1c ) ) > / = 8 % ] .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Women in an IVF-ET program who volunteered to join the study ( n = 101 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In this randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , phase 3 trial , subjects ( N = 269 ) received canagliflozin 100 or 300 mg or placebo daily .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Thirty-seven patients , 2 to 12 months old , were randomized on postoperative day 1 for 24-hour isocaloric metabolic study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To observe the clinical efficacy of treating primary hypothyroidism by Fuzheng Fujia Mixture ( FFM ) with formula composing principles of warming and tonifying Pi and Shen , and eliminating blood stasis and removing turbid substances .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: To study and compare the efficacy and side effects of drotaverine hydrochloride and hyoscine-N-butylbromide in the augmentation of labor .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: To delineate characteristics of best responders in a randomized trial comparing constraint-induced movement therapy ( CIMT ) to bimanual training for children with unilateral cerebral palsy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Distal embolization may result in reduced myocardial perfusion , increasing the risk of non-Q-wave myocardial infarction and death .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: A quasi-experimental , multiple-correlational design was used to study 960 temperature measurements obtained on 89 febrile and 83 afebrile children in an emergency unit .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was a significant interaction between school difficulties and timing of treatment , with the lowest rates of response being among adolescents having school difficulties and ending their treatment during the active school year .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The disease free rate at 24 months in the TACE group was lower than in the TACE-IFN group ( 39.8 % vs 59.3 % , P = 0.004 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: SaO2 , SvO2 , and systemic O2 extraction remained unchanged with enflurane and isoflurane anesthesia .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: For 28 d after treatment , among middle and severe xerophthalmia samples of the vitamin C group , the mean differences showed no significant improvement compared with that before treatment , OSDI and four tear film indicators also showed no remarkable improvement .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: About half the patients on each of the two treatment arms experienced at least one episode of severe or worse toxicity , and there was one treatment-related death on each arm .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , there are few data available on the effects of coingesting other macronutrients with protein on digestion and absorption kinetics and the subsequent muscle protein synthetic response .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The test group exhibited significantly higher reduction in mean PPD , GI and BOP than the control group at the 3rd month after treatment ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The 6-month exercise rehabilitation programs consisted of intermittent treadmill walking to near maximal claudication pain 3 days per week at either 40 % ( low-intensity group ) or 80 % ( high-intensity group ) of maximal exercise capacity .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Eighty-three individuals completed the study at 36 months and were included in the analysis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Troponin is a specific marker of myocardial damage .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The owners completed a client-specific outcome measures ( CSOM ) instrument twice a week .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This study aims to evaluate the changes of quantity and methodological quality of acute stroke RCTs in Mainland China published in recent 15 years .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Laser lithotripsy is associated with lower stone migration and easier retrieval of the smaller fragments it produces .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Silodosin also significantly improved quality of life ( QOL ) score in both treatment periods , while tamsulosin significantly improved QOL score only in the first treatment period .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A prospective , randomized , controlled trial with allocation to two arms ( Tai Chi and health education ) for 25 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Total and low density lipoprotein ( LDL ) cholesterol fell from 5.52 ( 1.04 ) mmol/l and 3.64 ( 0.88 ) mmol/l , respectively on the Western diet to 4.76 ( 1.10 ) mmol/l and 2.97 ( 0.94 ) mmol/l on the high-carbohydrate diet ( P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The effectiveness of an Internet-based program for hematologic cancer patients was tested in a randomized controlled trial under field experimental conditions .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: A total of 1153 patients ( 89 % ) completed the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Clinical Trial Registration - URL : http://www.clinicaltrials.gov .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Then one group received carbimazole alone for 17 months ( 52 patients ) , and the other group received carbimazole plus T4 for 17 months and T4 alone for 18 months ( 59 patients ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Approximately 30 % of the regimens in each study arm were never refilled after being targeted .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were evaluated with the International Knee Documentation Committee ( IKDC ) score , Tegner activity score , and clinical assessment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The mean number of allogeneic blood transfusions for group H was 0.85 + / - 1.74 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Final cure rate with Miltefosine and Amphotericin B was 93.2 % , 95 % , 92.1 % and 91.3 % in-group 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 respectively , which are statistically insignificant .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were no statistically significant differences in blood pressure level , concomitant antihypertensive therapy or urinary albumin excretion .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Dose planning parameters , dosimetry measurements on the patient 's body , workflow , patient comfort , quality assurance procedure , and a series of other treatment-related parameters were systematically and prospectively evaluated in both arms of the trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Thanks for the information. I've saved it.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-10 00:00]\n<User>Here are categorized examples with their respective labels:\n\nSample: Seven community mental health centers in New Hampshire provided both types of treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Serious infections developed in six patients who were receiving tofacitinib .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The gain in life-years was 0.52 and in quality-adjusted life-years 0.49 , leading to incremental cost per life-year and quality-adjusted life-years gained of $ 166,716 and $ 175,164 , for loco-regional group compared to systemic chemotherapy .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Treatment of women with GDM using a low-CHO diet did not reduce the number of women needing insulin and produced similar pregnancy outcomes .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Prospective , randomised allocation to amitriptyline prescribed by a psychiatrist , cognitive behaviour therapy from a clinical psychologist , counselling and case work by a social worker , or routine care by a general practitioner .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Randomised , controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To further explore this nutritional approach , biological effects of an omega-3 PUFA oral liquid supplementation were measured in 17 CF patients in a double-blind , randomized , crossover without a washout period and placebo-controlled study .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: There was no statistically significant difference in the pain score at these intervals .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 3 test breakfasts-low-GI , low-GI with 10 % added sucrose , and high-GI-on ad libitum lunch intake , appetite , and satiety and to compare these with baseline values when habitual breakfast was consumed .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Generalized estimating equations analysis was performed to assess the effects of telemonitoring during the 1-year follow-up .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the methylnaltrexone group , 48 % of patients had laxation within 4 hours after the first study dose , as compared with 15 % in the placebo group , and 52 % had laxation without the use of a rescue laxative within 4 hours after two or more of the first four doses , as compared with 8 % in the placebo group ( P < 0.001 for both comparisons ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Both limb and abdominal wall skeletal muscles of prolonged critically ill patients showed downregulation of protein synthesis at the gene expression level as well as increased proteolysis .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We report associations of hematoma growth parameters on clinical outcomes in the pilot phase , Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage Trial ( INTERACT1 ) ( ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00226096 ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: For the full-analysis set , H. pylori eradication rates were 81.1 % ( 116/143 patients , 90 % confidence interval [ CI ] 74.9 , 86.3 ) in the low-dose group and 80.0 % ( 116/145 patients , 90 % CI 73.7 , 85.3 ) in the high-dose group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To evaluate the effectiveness of animal facilitated therapy with dolphins , controlling for the influence of the natural setting , in the treatment of mild to moderate depression and in the context of the biophilia hypothesis .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Clinical outcome was assessed according to the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale ( HDRS ) at the beginning , during and at the end of treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To determine the effect of using internal teat sealants in cows at drying off on the immune status of their calves , as indicated by activity of gamma glutamyl transferase ( GGT ) in serum , within 24 h of birth .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: There were no significant differences on the other clinical and biological criteria .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The participants were selected in age groups and were aged 41-42 , 51-52 , 61-62 or 71-72 years during the survey .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Blood glucose level was monitored continuously during surgery .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Cordyceps and artemisinin could prevent the recurrence of LN and protect kidney function .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: SEM observations disclosed an enhanced potential of PF to form a hybrid layer as the temperature increased over 4 degrees C. RU exhibited a less porous and more homogeneous layer at intraoral than at refrigerated temperature .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: ALT , AST , TC , TG , LDL-L , hemorrheology ( including the whole blood viscosity , whole blood viscosity , high cutting reduction of whole blood viscosity , plasma cutting reductive low viscosity , blood sedimentation , RBC deposited , fibrinogen ) were significantly lower than before , however , HDL-L significantly increased ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The incidence of POCD in elderly patients on the first day after minor surgery is higher than previously reported for seven days after major surgery , and is increased after both propofol and sevoflurane anesthesia , compared with age-matched controls .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Deaths at 30 days and 1 year were similar in both groups : 3 % and 9 % , respectively in the CABG plus MVR group , versus 3 % ( P = 1.00 ) and 5 % ( P = 0.66 ) , respectively in the CABG group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Secondary endpoints included lung function variables , asthma symptom scores , rescue medication use and asthma exacerbations .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Participants ( N = 526 ) are members of a union/employer sponsored health benefit plan , with HbA ( 1c ) 7.5 % , prescribed at least one oral diabetes medication .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the midterm , we found no difference in functional and clinical scores or implant survival between TKAs performed with and without the assistance of a navigation system .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In a randomized , prospective , double-blind study 30 children ( aged 1.5-20 months ) received a continuous infusion of either 0.2 ( group 0.2 ) or 0.3 microg/kg/min remifentanil ( group 0.3 ) as part of a balanced anesthesia with 0.6 MAC sevoflurane .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Community juries may be a valid method for eliciting target group input to policy decisions .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Prevention and treatment of hypothermia by active warming in prehospital trauma care is recommended but scientific evidence of its effectiveness in a clinical setting is scarce .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: ISRCTN 26715889 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Twenty-two residents participated ( 11 in the IDMP group and 11 in the non-IDMP group ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Three months after surgery , the patients were asked about symptomatic relief and intervals between the operation and return to their daily activities and work , and examined for scar tenderness and esthetic outcome .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: MOLLI was acquired in 20 healthy subjects ( 1.5 T ) at the mid-ventricular short axis precontrast and 5 , 10 , 20 , 25 , and 30 minutes after administration of a bolus of 0.15 mmol/kg gadobenate dimeglumine ( Gd-BOPTA ) ( n = 10 ) or gadopentetate dimeglumine ( Gd-DTPA ) ( n = 10 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Prospective , randomized , controlled , blinded study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Non-English speakers were excluded .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the final interview , additional questions were asked regarding HCP preferences for receiving public health alerts and advisories .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In patients experiencing virologic relapse , time to relapse was statistically significantly longer in the quadruple-therapy arm than in the other three arms ( p = .007 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: IT maintenance fluids do not increase the incidence of dysnatraemias and should be considered as the standard maintenance fluids .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The hazard ratio ( FLOX v FULV ) is 0.80 ( 95 % CI , 0.69 to 0.93 ) , a 20 % risk reduction in favor of FLOX ( P < .004 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Family members participated in Family Events and take-home activities , with fewer participating each year .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thanks for the update. I've recorded these facts."]
[{"question": "Sentence: Recombinant human GH ( rhGH ) is usually administered as a daily sc injection , which may be both inconvenient and distressing for patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The web-based version of the PISQ-12 is a reliable alternative to the standard paper-based version and was preferred by women in this study regardless of age , race , and education .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Nine participants with a chronic iSCI were randomized to group 1 or 2 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The CVD and biotherapy regimens were integrated initially , in an alternating manner at 6-week intervals and subsequently , in a sequential fashion where patients were randomized to receive either CVD immediately followed by biotherapy ( CVD/Bio ) or the reverse sequence ( Bio/CVD ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: One hundred and ten postmenopausal patients were enrolled in the study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Both antibacterial agents were well tolerated .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients were randomly assigned to either doxorubicin 75 mg/m ( 2 ) given as a bolus injection every 3 weeks for 6 cycles ( arm A ) or doxorubicin at 30 mg/m ( 2 ) per day for 3 consecutive days once every 2 weeks for 3 cycles followed by ifosfamide at 12.5 g/m ( 2 ) delivered by continuous infusion over 5 days once every 3 weeks for 3 cycles with filgastrim or pegfilgastrim support ( arm B ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Thirty-five patients were included .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Access to resources may be important among older adults , representing a critical area for intervention .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: In the postanaesthesia care unit ( PACU ) , pain was assessed on a scale from 0 to 10 ( VAS ) and ketorolac 30 mg i.v. ( VAS < 5 ) , or fentanyl 0.05 mg i.v. ( VAS > or = 5 ) was administered as scheduled .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Women randomized to TDF-FTC had higher rates of mild to moderate ALT/AST toxicities , especially women with prior hepatitis B virus exposure .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Twenty-one patients with primary hypothyroidism who had been using a stabilized levothyroxine dosage for at least one year were selected and randomly assigned to take omeprazole at the dosage of 40 mg or 20 mg per day .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: During labor the cases with abnormal fetal axis were divided randomly into control group and study group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients with higher initial coagulation activity seemed to benefit most from long-term treatment with ximelagatran .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Dyspepsia and reflux symptoms were monitored for 12 months .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: We examined the effectiveness of the Sources of Strength suicide prevention program in enhancing protective factors among peer leaders trained to conduct schoolwide messaging and among the full population of high school students .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Metabolic syndrome is associated with increased cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) risk , a risk that is significantly increased when accompanied by elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , the mechanism of different dietary fibers contributing to satiety-related gastrointestinal ( GI ) peptide release , especially in an obese population , is still poorly understood .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Inhalations from generic salbutamol ( Baker Norton ) and Ventolin metered dose inhalers with a Volumatic inhalation aid deliver similar amounts of drug to the lungs and the total systemic absorption from the two products is the same .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Measurements performed on each patient at the pre and poststudy assessment included the number of tender points ( TP ) , total myalgic scores ( TM ) , aerobic fitness ( AF ) , flexibility and isokinetic strength .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: One group was administered acarbose 300 mg/day for 12 months ( acarbose group , n = 41 ) , and the other group was not administered acarbose ( non-acarbose group , n = 43 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Erosion took place on days 2-5 extra-orally 3 times a day ( 5 min ) in a citric acid solution ( pH 2.3 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The total duration of breastfeeding in each study population was also recorded , and total breastfeeding durations of infants receiving complementary foods from 4 months and those exclusively breastfed for 6 months in each of the two study populations were compared .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This result suggests that prayer may be an effective adjunct to standard medical care .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Clinical Trials NCT00132483 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The use of low-doses of fentanyl during craniotomy closure is more advantageous than propofol or isoflurane for early emergence in neurosurgical patients and is the most effective technique for preventing early postoperative hypertension .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Use of a Robert Jones bandage had the least effect on reducing postoperative soft tissue swelling with CC , METB , and CCB being equally effective in reducing swelling by 72 hours after surgery .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Most importantly , it is safe to use Zhibitai clinically .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , the metabolic effects of CTRP9 remain unclear in humans .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was no significant difference in the number of acute otitis episodes between groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Toxicity and rates of discontinuations because of adverse events ( AEs ; 27 % v 7 % ) were greater with sunitinib than placebo .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: one hundred and ten patients were randomised to specialist input and 115 to regular input .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Four hundred and forty patients undergoing HSG with a balloon catheter without applying a tenaculum .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: No statistically significant differences in outcome variables were observed between the HIV education condition relative to the delayed HIV education control condition .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Pearson correlation analysis was used to relate clinical and biochemical data .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Several reports suggest that zinc , which is involved in several neural transmissions systems throughout the auditory pathway , might help some tinnitus patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: At baseline ( immediately prior to surgery ) and 6 and 120 + / - 12 months after surgery , clinical parameters were obtained .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Inclusion of covariates did not significantly decrease the nonlinear mixed-effects model objective function values and between-subject variability in the pharmacokinetic parameters of nested models .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: From January 1995 to May 1996 , 318 spontaneously laboring , term , nulliparous patients were randomly assigned to receive either intravenous opioids or epidural analgesia for pain relief .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: To identify the accuracy of a camera-enabled mobile phone in assessing patients with nasal bone injuries and to determine if treatment in the form of manipulation of the nasal bones and therefore outpatient attendance was necessary .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , a vigorous intensity ( > 6 metabolic equivalents ) was reached with the NO and S1 supports in the untrained group whatever the cycling speed and only at 21 kmhr ( -1 ) with the light support ( S1 ) in the endurance-trained group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: To investigate the effects of citric acid addition , phytase treatment and supplementation with different iron compounds on non-heme iron absorption in human from a mineral-supplemented oat-based beverage .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Various positive psychology interventions have been experimentally tested , but only few studies addressed the effects of such activities in participants aged 50 and above .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: This study was a large-scale controlled clinical trial to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of TM81 on type 2 diabetes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This study examined the effect of folate supplementation on negative symptoms overall and in relation to MTHFR 677C > T genotype .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Eight-day treatment with carbamazepine , oxcarbazepine , levetiracetam , or placebo was administered in random order .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This is a pre-specified sub-analysis of the multicentre , double-blind , placebo-controlled , randomised On-TIME 2 trial and it 's open label phase .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Receiver operating characteristic curves for both absolute values and log ( 10 ) decline in viral RNA at 4 , 8 , 12 and 24 weeks of therapy were created .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The present paper describes the development of the two computer-tailored smoking cessation programs , their components and the design of the study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Sixty patients were recruited with both a clinical diagnosis of tinea pedis and hyphae identified on direct microscopy ; they were randomly placed into an active group treated with twice-daily application of a mixture of 3 % salicylic acid in aqueous cream and 3 % nitrite in aqueous cream for 4 weeks and a control group treated with 3 % salicylic acid in aqueous cream and aqueous cream alone .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: TPN provided significantly greater amount of nitrogen but losses were also greater .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Mean pain level for placebo-instilled eyes was 4.88 + / -2.56 and ketorolac instilled eyes were 4.45 + / -2.25 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Eighty-eight varicocele patients were randomly divided into a spermatic vein and artery ligation ( n = 46 ) and a spermatic vein and artery preservation group ( n = 42 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Although the use of a stimulating catheter was associated with faster onset time for the femoral nerve block and lower additional analgesics postoperatively , the clinical superiority ( analgesia ; lateral femoral cutaneous , and obturator nerve block ) of stimulating catheters was not evident in this clinical setting .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Measurements after randomization were taken at 1 , 6 , and 12 months , including arterial blood pressure ; IOP ; color Doppler imaging of the ophthalmic artery ( OA ) , central retinal artery , and short posterior ciliary artery ( SPCA ) ; scanning laser polarimetry ; Humphrey visual field examination ; and adverse events .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The proportions of subjects having less than 30 minutes of wake after sleep onset and a sleep efficiency of at least 85 % at the posttreatment visit were significantly higher in the electroacupuncture group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: We aim to evaluate the effect of this intervention on residents ' teaching skills .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Compared with the pharmacokinetic parameters of the subjects who received a single dose , those who received multiple doses ( twice daily ) of ranolazine had a larger AUC from time zero to the time of the last measurable concentration ( AUC ( last ) ) , AUC ( ) , C ( max ) , and apparent total body clearance of drug from plasma after oral administration ( CL/F ) , and shorter t ( max ) ( all p < 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was a significant improvement in endothelial functions in patients with fair , good and excellent control of diabetes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Safety was assessed by adverse events , physical examination , vital signs and laboratory tests .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Ramipril was beneficial in patients with left ventricular dysfunction as shown by NT-BNP levels that were lower in group R.\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients treated with formoterol and the higher dose of budesonide had the greatest reductions -- 63 percent and 62 percent , respectively .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In both groups of patients , the TNF-alpha levels did not change significantly with time .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: To establish the contribution of ibuprofen when used with pseudoephedrine and chlorpheniramine , a standard over-the-counter regimen , to relieve the symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Injection site reactions were more frequent with intradermal vaccination .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Upper gastrointestinal ( GI ) endoscopy with biopsies and Cr-EDTA swallows were performed at Week 12 and again at Week 16 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The mean total amount of paclitaxel in the peritoneal cavity at 23 h was 2.597 mg ( + / -1.57 ) with hetastarch and 0.772 mg ( + / -0.667 ) with peritoneal dialysis solution ( P = 0.0152 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Of the 127 patients screened , 100 ( mean age , 11 years ) completed the study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Ten men and 10 women [ mean age : 28 + / - 1 y ; mean body mass index ( in kg/m ( 2 ) ) : 22.9 + / - 0.7 ] with normal glucose tolerance were recruited .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Measurements took place at baseline and 4 weeks after intervention .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The absorption capability of the dressing was higher , the wound inflammatory reaction was milder , and bacteria quantitation of wound tissues was lower in the group T than that in group C.\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Blood samples were taken at each visit for assessment of endocrine ( FSH , LH , estradiol , progesterone , total and free testosterone , androstenedione , DHEAS-S , 17-OH-P .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Eighteen individuals failed to complete the training ; analyses were conducted on the remaining 28 intervention and 24 control group participants .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The EC of ropivacaine during TURP surgery was 0.186 % ( 95 % confidence interval , 0.173-0 .200 % ) in group R , and 0.136 % ( 95 % confidence interval , 0.127-0 .144 % ) in group RS ( p < 0.01 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Thrombolytic therapy , coronary angiography , and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty or coronary artery bypass grafting were not used during the index hospitalization in the early 1980s , whereas in 1994 these procedures were used in 28 % , 38 % , 19 % , and 6 % of patients , respectively .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In this study , MT administered to stable preterm infants was associated with higher NK cytotoxicity and more daily weight gain .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Preclinical and early phase clinical microbicide studies have not consistently predicted the outcome of efficacy trials .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was no difference in bleeding or comfort between the sandbag and sheet-tuck groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: EGG shows gastric electrical activity that parallels gastric motor activity .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A self-administered questionnaire was employed to quantify LUTS at baseline .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Certified examiners masked to treatment assignment conducted weekly eye examinations until each study eye reached ophthalmic endpoint .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The technique of cementing superstructures to prefabricated components directly on the implants may compensate for dimensional errors caused by impression making and superstructure fabrication .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: There were 19 total unique proteins identified across the two lens materials , and six proteins were identified in all four lens-solution combinations including lipocalin , lysozyme , lacritin , lactoferrin , proline rich 4 , and Ig Alpha .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The inclusion criterion was a difference of 200 mL in size between arms .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A total of 72 HIV-infected patients with CD4 cell counts of 25-200 x 10 ( 6 ) cells/l ( median 145 ) and plasma HIV RNA < 1000 copies/ml were randomized in a multicentre study to receive open-label 4.5 x 10 ( 6 ) IU interleukin-2 subcutaneously twice daily for 5 days every 6 weeks plus their ongoing HAART or were maintained on HAART alone ( control group ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: In this study , both tianeptine and fluoxetine exhibited a good efficacy and safety .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Repeat cardiac catheterization was performed at a median of 5 ( 4,6 ) days after randomization in 89 % of patients assigned to aortic counterpulsation and in 90 % of control patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Forty-three participants completed the study ( LC = 23 ; HC = 20 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Uptake of the CGS intervention was low : 19 % , compared with 94 % for the SHV intervention .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: At 6 months , nasal carriage was 48 % in the treatment group vs 72 % in controls ( relative risk , 0.68 ; 95 % confidence interval , 0.45 to 1.02 ; P = .054 ) ; at 1 year , nasal carriage was 53 % vs 76 % , respectively ( relative risk , 0.70 ; 95 % confidence interval , 0.48 to 1.02 ; P = .056 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: T2DM remission was achieved in 13 ( 81 % ) laparoscopic GB and 3 ( 19 % ) laparoscopic SG patients ( P < .05 ) 2 years after surgery .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the effect of closed-loop stimulation ( CLS ) and DDD pacing mode on autonomic balance , and to evaluate heart rate variability ( HRV ) during CLS stimulation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: This study aims to determine the efficacy and tolerability of omega-3 fatty acids in reducing vasomotor symptoms ( VMS ) frequency and bother in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: In several patients , ABP control was unstable between visits , the percentage of patients under control over 4 years being much less than that of those controlled at each year .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The tendency to miss visits was increased among older children with milder asthma , lower intellectual and social competence , and more symptoms of behavioral problems and emotional distress .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients undergoing open inguinal hernia repair received in random order articaine 84 mg in either hyperbaric ( HyperA , n = 49 ) or plain solution ( PlainA , n = 48 ) intrathecally .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common disease that is closely related to ovulation dysfunction and 7 % of women of childbearing age are afflicted with it .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Thirteen of the 20 patients demonstrated a significant increase in their PaO2/FiO2 ( > 20 % increase ) when treated with inhaled NO .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The 4 mg dose data were used for ethnicity comparisons .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Participants will complete three follow-up quantitative assessments 3 , 6 , and 12-months post-stroke .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}]