["[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-01 00:00]\n<User>I want you to learn from these classified examples:\n\nSample: The incidence of epidural venous puncture in each group was compared .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: During open-label treatment , all subjects received fesoterodine 8 mg for an initial 4 weeks , after which subjects could elect dose reduction to 4 mg or subsequent reescalation to 8 mg during clinic visits ( dose reduction and reescalation each permitted once annually ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Ropivacaine is less potent than bupivacaine , but otherwise they have similar dose-response characteristics .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Adverse events were significantly more common in the amoxicillin-clavulanate group than in the placebo group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , compliance enhancement tools did not increase the number of patients achieving any European targets for plasma lipids .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients received up to eight 21-day cycles of subcutaneous or intravenous bortezomib 1.3 mg/m ( 2 ) on days 1 , 4 , 8 and 11 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The samples were randomly divided into three groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Secondary outcomes are the diagnostic yield , the expected and perceived burden of the screening test , level of informed choice and cost-effectiveness of both screening methods .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Traditionally , food has been withdrawn for 24-48 h , but there is no conclusive evidence that this is of any real benefit to the patient .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Mixed primary and referral-based outpatient clinic at a university-affiliated VA Medical Center .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Endoscopic variceal ligation ( EVL ) has not been used for primary prophylaxis .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The study found no evidence that providing depression information in the form of brief e-cards encourages help seeking for depression among young adults .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This 52-week , parallel-group , randomized , double-blind study of 127 asthma patients who were symptomatic despite therapy compared ( 1 ) the change between induced sputum percent eosinophils at baseline and the geometric mean of 4 on-treatment values and ( 2 ) the change in endobronchial biopsy eosinophil counts pre - and post-treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Primary outcomes included frequency of use , and satisfaction with and perceived usefulness of the web-based information .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: 30 patients in chemotherapy group were treated by chemotherapy only , 30 patients in joint group were treated by adoptive immunotherapy ( DC-CIK ) combined with chemotherapy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Following caffeine ingestion , plasma caffeine levels were similar in Y and O men .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Mean bodyweight changes from November 2001 to November 2002 were -2.3 kg ( SD 3.3 kg ) for the intervention group and +0.3 kg ( SD 1.5 kg ) for the control group , the difference being significant ( p = 0.013 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In these clinical trials , the administration of eyedrops and associated examinations ( including IOP measurements ) were performed in a double-masked manner .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Both groups had similar demographic characteristics .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Twenty-four patients who underwent radiation therapy for oral cancer and subsequently developed oral mucositis were included in the study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Our objective was to investigate the effect of orange juice on the pharmacokinetics of the beta-blocking agent atenolol .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In this context , 8 weeks of aerobic training has no impact on oxidative stress or leukocytes Hsp72 expression in elderly people .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Time-to-relapse to heavy alcohol use was analyzed using a 2-sided log-rank test based on Kaplan-Meier estimates and cumulative heavy drinking events over time were evaluated post hoc with recurrent-event analysis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This was a part of a national multicenter study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All patients were cannulated with the central venous catheters placed via the right internal jugular vein after induction of anesthesia .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The combination of bortezomib-melphalan-prednisone ( VMP ) is a new standard of care for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The medical students ' skills and ability to perform a basic ureteroscopic stone-management procedure was independent of the training modality ( VRS or TMU ) .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Reduction of cognitive function is a possible side effect after cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Nine patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and six patients with ocular hypertension were enrolled for this study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Capsules containing Delta-tetrahydrocannabinol-standardized cannabis extract or active placebo were orally administered .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Forearm vasoconstriction to ET-1 was measured by venous occlusion plethysmography .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A cross-sectional study of 218 healthy subjects ( 103 men , 115 women , age 55-80 years ) was carried out .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: 36 placebo and 35 verum test persons ( all with a knee gap smaller than 3 mm ) were exposed daily for 16 minutes over 6 weeks to a low frequency magnetic field ( flux densities increasing gradually from 3.4 up to 13.6 microT ) encompassing the whole body .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients who show lower rMT in the right motor system would seem to benefit the most from inhibitory rTMS .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To determine whether bed rest after embryo transfer leads to improved pregnancy rates ( PR ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Patient-level tobramycin use was measured at first chronic P. aeruginosa infection ( n = 13,686 patients ; age , 6-21 yr ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Bone mineral density T-score of proximal femur of the participants , was evaluated in two weeks before and 360 days after intervention ; body balance and explosive leg power were measured 1 day before , 30 days and 360 days after treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The use of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In the cross-sectional analyses , MHI score , IADL score , RD Scale , history of falls during the 3 months before hospitalization , and female gender were significant predictors of perceived health in all models for each time point , BADL score , age , presence of incontinence , and ethnicity were significant in the model for baseline only , and SA score was significant in models for 3 months and 12 months only .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Aggregation was measured at maximal amplitude ( peak ) , and 5 minutes after agonist addition ( late ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To evaluate the effect of acidified enteral feeds on gastric colonization in critically ill patients compared with a standard feeding formula .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The primary end point was time to development of invasive PCa .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A total of 850 patients met inclusion criteria .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Although medical therapies can reduce myocardial ischemia and improve patient survival after acute myocardial infarction , the relative benefit of medical therapy versus coronary revascularization for reducing ischemia is unknown .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Asphericity and low add power were found to improve BCIVA .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Higher cortical strains are measured for surface cementation , as full cementation creates a stiffer proximal tibial structure .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This difference was not statistically significant ( P = 0.908 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Tertiary teaching and research hospital .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Novices performed intubations on three patients , switched groups , and performed three more intubations .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>I've successfully recorded all of this data.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-02 00:00]\n<User>The following are classification examples with their corresponding labels:\n\nSample: Our results suggest that lubiprostone produced a steady and effective improvement in the symptoms of CIC with or without IBS in a dose-dependent manner with a good safety profile and tolerability in a Japanese population .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Adult patients undergoing percutaneous biopsy of lung or mediastinal lesions of undetermined cause were candidates .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: One , or more than one inflammatory repertoire may be activated , one involving hepatic acute phase proteins and the other neutrophil activation and each may contribute separately to outcomes .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Laboratory bench .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Other measures of symptoms of psychopathology , and neuroendocrine and psychophysiological disorders are secondary outcome measures .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Neither moderate nor intensive disease management by a nurse specializing in management of patients with HF reduced the combined end points of death and hospitalization because of HF compared with standard follow-up .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This was a prospectively planned secondary data analysis from a 2-stage , multicenter , randomized clinical trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The symptoms of vulvovaginal infections are often painful and distressing to the patient .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This elevation was not reflected in greater total plasma antioxidant capacity ( P = 0.90 ) or attenuated malondialdehyde levels ( P = 0.63 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 7.5 % of the respondents answered that their condition had worsened after admission to a nursing facility .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The plasma 2-AP concentrations in groups T and D were significantly higher than those in Group C at T3 ( P < .05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Follow-up rates were 93 % at 12 months and 81 % at 2 to 3 years after surgery .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients expecting to undergo surgery were screened for S. aureus nasal carriage approximately three weeks prior to the procedure .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Sixty prospectively randomized high-risk patients divided into two groups to undergo off-pump or on-pump CABG .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In vivo and in vitro studies aimed at investigating the role of PZ levels in venous thombosis have produced conflicting results .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The improved results in our study were due to longer duration of drainage .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Overall , HIV RNA levels were lower in the nevirapine group than in the abacavir group at 24 and 48 weeks ( P < .001 ) , although no differences were observed at weeks 4 and 12 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We studied the efficacy of oral corticosteroids in the emergency department treatment of moderately ill children with acute asthma .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The flexible sigmoidoscopy examinations were performed by a general practitioner .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After 2 hours , in 20 patients we tested the effect of intravenous neostigmine ( 0.5 mg ) vs. intravenous saline administered blindly and randomly at a 1-hour interval .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: First we describe a newly developed screening and monitoring program for frail elderly patients based on routine care information in general practice .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In this three-center open-label study from November 2011 to May 2013 , we randomly assigned 189 patients with advanced Child-Pugh class B or C HCC patients into two groups , one group with 95 patient to receive sorafenib ( 400 mg a time , twice a day ) and the other group with 94 patients to receive best supportive care .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Mood , physical symptoms , self-selected food intake , cardiovascular data , and cognitive task performance were measured before and repeatedly after dronabinol and marijuana administration in eight 7-h sessions .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Because CET did not affect arterial function , milk proteins may have an antihypertensive effect by improving arterial function , as shown by reduced AIx@75 and baPWV .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Failures of the planned method of analgesia included 9 in the EPI group and 4 in the ICN group ( p = 0.23 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This trial is registered , number ISRCTN96423140 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All patients had acute coronary angiography , 679 were discharged from hospital receiving usual care ( Hosp ) , 795 completed a comprehensive Rehab .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Fifty-three people completed the physician intervention trial .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The 10-year OS rate was 13.8 % in the surgery arm and 13.1 % in the chemotherapy arm .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: It is uncertain whether such functional decline can be prevented .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Both the intermediate and lower sodium levels of each diet are at least as acceptable as the higher sodium level in persons with or at risk for hypertension .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Turmeric ( curcumin ) improves postoperative pain - and fatigue-related PROs following LC .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Docetaxel alone is still the standard second-line treatment for NSCLC .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In addition , 10 healthy volunteers underwent CMR .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Irritable bowel syndrome ( IBS ) is a common diagnosis in gastroenterology .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Patients were treated intravenously for 7 to 10 days , clindamycin 900 mg plus amikacin 5.0 mg/kg three times a day or clindamycin 900 mg plus aztreonam 2.0 gm three times a day .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Three hundred voluntary adolescents with spleen qi deficiency syndrome who want to increase height were stratified according to sex first , and then randomly divided into an observation group , a control group and a placebo group , 100 cases in each group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: mTOR downregulation at 48 h did not correlate with 12-week RR in the TR-FEC group ( P = 0.58 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Wonderful. I'll remember these key points.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-03 00:00]\n<User>The following are classification training examples with labels:\n\nSample: Problematic environmental factors were the limited variety of heart healthy foods in the galley , short meal breaks , and long mess hall lines that led to eating snacks from vending machines and frequent port calls .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were 37 relapsing-remitting patients with MS with significant fatigue in the study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Severe wound infections requiring medical or endoscopic intervention are very rare events after PEG insertion .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Of these 123 patients , 58 were treated with colonic stents for palliative purposes .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After 6-month follow-up , another 3 people in the specific preventive intervention group became psychotic , and with intention-to-treat analysis , the difference was no longer significant ( P = .24 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the first study , endobronchial cleansing with the new catheter was compared to the traditional way of suctioning in 12 long-time ventilated patients .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Treatment with TNFR : Fc led to significant reductions in disease activity , and the therapeutic effects of TNFR : Fc were dose-related .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Pemetrexed is not as effective as alternative therapies for previously treated squamous histology ; however , pemetrexed should be the key agent for the treatment of patients with nonsquamous histology .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In manipulation group , there were 9 males and 11 females aged from 58 to 74 years old with an average of ( 66.637.73 ) , the courses of diseases ranged from 3 to 8 months with an average of ( 5.652.58 ) , spinal leveraging manipulation ( following meridian to straighten tendon , relieving spasm , osteopathy and massage , clearing and activating the channels and collaterals ) were performed for 30 min , once a day , 4 days for a period treatment , totally 9 courses .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Overall , SVC On reduced impedance by 33 % ( from 54 + / - 10 to 35 + / - 5Omega , P < 0.0001 ) , and shortened PD ( from 5.45 + / - 1.20 to 3.67 + / - 0.74 ms , P < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility , safety , and cosmetic results of a novel technique , transumbilical single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy ( TSILA ) , using a single working channel with conventional instruments .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This study found PCA fentanyl 50 micro g with a lockout period of six minutes provided satisfactory analgesia for second trimester labour .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In this prospective randomized study , the primary variable , the pivot-shift test , and other subjective and objective outcome variables revealed no significant differences between the double-bundle and single-bundle techniques at 2 years after ACL reconstruction in an unselected group of patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We hereby report a cost-effectiveness analysis alongside a randomized controlled trial in order to assess its cost-effectiveness for preventing relapse/recurrence in depression .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Different patient subgroups were associated with success at these different steps .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To evaluate the efficacies of low-dose clarithromycin triple therapy and tinidazole-containing triple therapy in a metronidazole resistance prevalent area and to compare the efficacies with standard triple therapy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The overall immediate and long-term satisfaction was similar for all three neuraxial techniques .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: On day 5 , rabeprazole-ER groups provided mean durations of 18.5-20 .2 h ( 77.0-84 .1 % of 24-h ) with intragastric pH > 4.0 vs. esomeprazole 40 mg ( 15.9 h/66 .1 % of 24-h ) and rabeprazole-DR 20 mg ( 15.2 h/63 .2 % of 24-h ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This response is not influenced by nycthemeral cycle .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: 10 prepubertal children ( mean + / - SD ; age : 12.1 + / - 1.7 yr ; height : 137.4 + / - 9.2 cm ; body mass : 27.8 + / - 4.2 kg ; forced expiratory volume in 1 s ( FEV1 ) : 68 + / - 22 % predicted ) were randomly assigned to either control period ( CON , standard therapy ) or recombinant human growth hormone ( GH ) period ( additional GH treatment , 0.11-0 .14 IU.kg-1 , daily , s.c. ) for the first 6 months , and then assigned to the other period for the next 6 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The Young Mania Rating Scale and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale were used to quantify manic and depressive symptoms , respectively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To evaluate endothelial cell loss after phacoemulsification with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation using peribulbar anesthesia or topical anesthesia combined with intracameral unpreserved lidocaine 1 % .\n\nLabels: 3\n<Assistant>Perfect. I've stored this information in my memory.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-04 00:00]\n<User>These labeled training examples are for classification:\n\nSample: At 8 weeks , weight , BMI , LBM , and RMR significantly decreased by 15.72.5 kg , 6.01.0 kg/m2 , 7.84.0 kg , and 290.6234.9 kcal/day , respectively ( P < 0.0001 for each variable ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Our findings do not support a protective effect of water consumption on BMI , but confirm consumption of juice drinks as a risk factor for BMI gain .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Outcome measures were : prosthesis and implant failures , any complications , time needed to fully recover mental nerve function ( only for mandibular implants ) and patient preference assessed 1 month after loading .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In an effort to answer the question whether the retinal vasoconstrictive response to hyperoxia in humans is mediated through ET-1 , changes in ocular hemodynamics induced by 100 % O2 breathing were studied in the absence and presence of an ET ( A ) receptor antagonist ( BQ-123 ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: This study investigates the effects of abdominal massage on gastrointestinal functions and laxative intake in people who have constipation .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Telmisartan/amlodipine administered either on the morning or at bedtime can effectively reduce blood pressure .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Combination of robot with body-weight-supported treadmill training gait training is feasible and improved 6MWT and FRT distances in persons with MS.Video Abstract available ( see Video , Supplemental Digital Content 1 , http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A62 ) for more insights from the authors .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: ( ClinicalTrials.gov number , NCT00190398 [ ClinicalTrials.gov ] . )\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Still , blood glucose levels have to be monitored closely .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients with metastasized or locally advanced solid tumors were randomly assigned to receive a 6-week course of subcutaneous nadroparin or placebo .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A test-can was placed subcutaneously in the left pectoral region .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The need for rescue medication was significantly prevented when P2 was used ( ANOVA ; P = 0.02 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Most couples ( 98 % ) were married , with a median duration of partnership of 7.0 years ( IQR 3.0-14 .0 ) and recent knowledge of their serodiscordant status [ median 0.4 years ( IQR 0.1-2 .0 ) ] .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A phantom study was performed using 64-detector row spiral CT at multiple tube voltage and current settings .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Twenty-four cancer patients who underwent elective colon resection were randomly assigned to either 0.30 FiO ( 2 ) or 0.80 FiO ( 2 ) during surgery .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Daily application of a buccal bioadhesive slow-release nystatin tablet ( 100,000 IU per tablet ) significantly increased the voice prosthesis lifetime in laryngectomized patients compared to conventional local cleaning of the prosthesis with an antimicrobial agent on a brush .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: NCT01199926 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: We assessed pain transmission by measuring activation of dorsal horn neurons in the spinal cord in response to noxious colorectal distention .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were no significant differences in MIO between the intervention and control groups at any of the measurement points .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Therefore , definitive conclusions could not be made .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We performed a prospective , randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study of carvedilol effects in children with severe , chronic heart failure ( HF ) , despite the use of conventional therapy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The mean inter-observer difference for ultrasound pachometry was 0.001 mm ( SD 0.009 ; SE 0.0015 ) and the mean intra-observer difference was 0.002 mm ( SD 0.011 ; SE 0.0019 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Carboplatin solution is as effective as carboplatin powder for the treatment of cancer .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Crinone ( progesterone gel ) given vaginally results in greater bioavailability with less relative variability than oral progesterone , thus providing more reliable delivery of progesterone , compared with oral progesterone .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Correction of uncorrected refractive error , one of the leading causes of visual impairment in older people , improved the vision-specific quality of life of community-dwelling older persons .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: For complete repigmentation , respective values were 232.79 + / - 14.97 J cm ( -2 ) and 27.40 + / - 1.47 on the calcipotriol side and 259.93 + / - 13.71 J cm ( -2 ) and 30.07 + / - 1.34 on the placebo side ( P = 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The amyloid-beta peptide Abeta ( 42 ) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer 's disease ( AD ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Attitude , subjective norm , self-efficacy , and intention were significant mediators of intervention-induced increases in self-reported physical activity .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Sixty-four patients met all inclusion criteria and were included in the present study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: An as-treated analysis was conducted to account for study-group crossovers .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Our aim is to investigate whether the C-MIS is successful in changing patients ' cognitions such as attitudes , social influence , self-efficacy and intention to quit during a 1-year period .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The Institute of Medicine ( IOM ) recommends that normal-weight women ( BMI ( body mass index ) of 19.8-26 .0 ) gain 25-35 lb ( 11.4-15 .9 kg ) during pregnancy , and that overweight women ( BMI of 26.1-29 .0 ) gain 15-25 lbs ( 6.8-11 .4 kg ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Diabetic patients with neuropathic signs ( n = 70 ) were randomly assigned to CoQ10 ( 200 mg/d ) or placebo for 12 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The purpose of this study was to determine that which portion of the body mass index , fat or fat free mass index is more influencing the blood pressure in Gujarati Indian adolescents .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: At the time of the first cystoscopy ( 10-15 weeks after TUR ) tumour recurrence was detected in 23 of 62 patients ( 37 % ) in group A , but only in five of 60 patients ( 8 % ) in group B.\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Safety profiles of the 2 techniques were similar , all MC providers preferred the Shang Ring technique , and study participants preferred the Shang Ring 's cosmetic results .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: No significant differences were found between these two arms in terms of rates of acute mucosal reaction , skin reactions , or chronic adverse reactions .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Fish oil causes a decrease in triglyceride levels in hypertriglyceridaemic patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01684332 .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: After the blockade , MAP was lower 50 , 60 , and 70 minutes after the epidural block .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To examine the interacting effects of coping style and type of preparatory informational treatment on cardiac catheterization patient anxiety .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Enteritis was evaluated according to the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group scale , intestinal inflammation using fecal calprotectin , and gut integrity with citrulline .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Fewer patients treated with rt-PA developed shock , yet those developing shock had the same high mortality rate as those presenting with shock , regardless of treatment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Eligibility criteria for CAPT required 10 or more large ( > or = 125 microm ) drusen in each eye .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Thanks for the update. I've recorded these facts.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-05 00:00]\n<User>Please memorize these classification examples and their labels:\n\nSample: The benefit of LMWH was also significant in patients with symptomatic stenosis of the posterior circulation and basilar artery ( 75.2 % and 82 % for LMWH versus 40.5 % and 48 % for aspirin , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Two patients in each group required subsequent nasogastric decompression .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Good or excellent small-bowel filling and distention was obtained in 17 patients ( 63 % ) receiving the positive agent and in 26 patients ( 87 % ) receiving the negative agent , and bowel wall conspicuity was graded good or excellent in 19 patients ( 70 % ) and 20 patients ( 67 % ) , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After 10 s air blowing , SE showed superior properties compared to TS groups ( p < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Efficacy , safety profiles , and patient preference for the delivery systems were compared .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Children treated with the single-infusion regimen had lower mean temperatures while hospitalized ( day 2 , P less than 0.001 ; day 3 , P = 0.004 ) , as well as a shorter mean duration of fever ( P = 0.028 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Tea catechin concentrations in plasma and urine samples collected after dosing were determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography analysis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Peak and trough plasma levels of steady state were measured .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The current work may lead decision-makers to organize this program for all of the health centers to train Iranian mothers .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: No previous studies have compared the rates for WM associated with endoscopic versus open surgery in the cervical area .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: By contrast , MPH reduced activity level in both groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Nighttime BP and digital vasoconstrictions associated with apneic events ( measured as the ratio of PAT amplitudes during and after apneas ) were analyzed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Return to follow-up assessments exceeded 70 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients with high health services utilization and one or more chronic conditions had monthly group visits with their primary care physician and nurse .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Epidemiologic studies have shown alcohol consumption to be inversely as well as positively related to body weight and body fat .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Randomized controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Stringent criteria for correct use may provide more accurate estimates of the correct use of safety seats .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Skin hydration data were obtained via bio-instrumental transepidermal water loss ( TEWL ) measurements and expert clinical skin grading , including standardized digital clinical photography .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In contrast to HPV-negative tumours , HPV-positive tumours had a substantially better outcome in response to radiotherapy , which was irrespective of hypoxic modification .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Neither crime nor social support was significantly associated with either PA or BMI ; thus , they were excluded from the final models .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Rimonabant 20 mg over 2 years promoted clinically relevant and durable weight loss and improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Logistic regression was used to determine predictors of 30-day bleeding .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Treatment-emergent adverse events ( TEAEs ) were reported in 44 % ( 35/79 ) of subjects in the placebo AI group and 42 % ( 34/81 ) in the diazepam AI group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: AAA-operations and deaths of AAA at hospital were registered .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No significant difference occurred in LDL , high-density lipoprotein cholesterol , and triacylglycerol levels across groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The adjunctive administration of tenoxicam during phase I periodontal treatment decreases MMP-8 levels in gingival crevicular fluid in patients with chronic periodontitis .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We therefore hypothesized that oral creatine supplementation improves skeletal muscle strength , quality of live and symptom-limited performance in patients with CHF .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: There was a significant buspirone effect on any nicotine withdrawal symptoms ( ANOVA , alpha = 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Urinary bladder temperature was measured using a Foley urinary catheter ; distal oesophageal temperature was measured using a stethoscope thermocouple .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Haemodialysis patients who were iron replete ( ferritin 300-800 microg/L , transferrin saturation ( TSAT ) 25-50 % ) participated in a prospective , randomized cross-over trial receiving epoetin for 3 months either by s.c. or i.v. injection followed by a further 3 months of epoetin via the other route .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The choice of drug can be decided by tolerability and blood-pressure response rather than long-term safety or efficacy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: HFOV maintained the improvement in oxygenation related to prone positioning when ARDS patients were returned to the supine position .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To determine the mechanism of enhanced absorption in a single nostril , a second study utilizing 24 subjects under similar conditions received 25 U , placebo ( P ) that included CPE-215 plus 25 U , and 50 U in a single nostril .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Appreciated. I'll retain these important details.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-06 00:00]\n<User>The following classification examples include important label information:\n\nSample: Total costs varied between treatment arms but these findings canceled out when SEMSs were compared with non-SEMS therapies ( 95 % CI -845.15 -1,332.62 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Acetabular bone mineral density was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry ( DXA ) 1 week postoperatively , and after 12 and 24 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: If positive , they were randomly allocated to receive a combination of lanzoprazole 30 mg , clarithromycin OD ( extended-release formulation ) 500 mg and furazolidone 400 mg , once daily , in the morning , for 7 days ( Group A ) or the same regimen with only 200 mg furazolidone ( Group B ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: As a whole , participants exhibited dampened startle responses during smoking pictures , relative to unpleasant pictures .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy , tolerability , and safety of two clarithromycin regimens , extended-release ( ER ) 1000 mg once daily for 5 days and immediate-release ( IR ) 500 mg twice daily for 7 days , in the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis ( ABECB ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Fifty-four novices were randomized into either the didactic group or the simulation combined with didactic group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The efficacy and tolerability of the combination of budesonide/formoterol have been demonstrated in patients with COPD when administered via the dry powder inhaler ( DPI ) in a 1-year study and when administered via the hydrofluoroalkane ( HFA ) pressurized metered-dose inhaler ( pMDI ) in a 6-month study .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This difference was attributed to an increased risk of repeat revascularization in patients treated with VKA , without any differences in cardiac death and myocardial infarction among the three treatment groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Seventy-one patients were enrolled : 36 in the PI/r and NNRTI , 19 in the PI/r and NRTIs and 16 in the NNRTI and NRTIs arms .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Blinded randomized experimental cross-over study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The first order segmental branches of the right and left renal arteries were graded diagnostic 72 % and 56 % of the time , respectively , for dilute iodinated contrast material , and 40 % and 28 % of the time , respectively , for gadodiamide .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Balance training designed to improve intersensory interaction could effectively improve balance performance in healthy older adults .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The primary endpoint was the average change in pain intensity for the overall maintenance period .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A ( 2 ) ( Lp-PLA ( 2 ) ) is an emerging independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: These findings confirm the 6-week program of either diet-only or diet-and-strength training improved overweight/obese children 's self-perception of muscular strength and body composition .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Randomisation was done centrally with an interactive voice response system .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At the same time , the neuronal and glial production of TNF - was measured by Immunofluorescence staining .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: To compare the anatomic effects of phacoemulsification ( Phaco ) versus combined phacoemulsification and viscogonioplasty ( Phaco-VGP ) on drainage angle status in primary angle-closure glaucoma ( PACG ) using anterior segment optical coherence tomography ( AS-OCT ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: To investigate the role of nuclear factor-B ( NF-B ) in severe pneumonia and observe the effects of Xuebijing injection in its treatment .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: If validated , it could provide a personalised clinical risk profile for nulliparous women to which biomarkers could be added .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To investigate whether the occurrence of pulmonary embolism ( PE ) and/or deep vein thrombosis ( DVT ) are influenced by use of a tourniquet or not in the patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty for rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Blood pressure was measured before randomization and 6 months later .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Ejection fraction , cardiac output , peak gradient , mean gradient , effective orifice area , effective area index , and performance index were calculated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Type 2 diabetes is a growing clinical and public health problem .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: ( 1 ) The combined treatment of middle-dose cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone for MG patients in crisis is both effective and safe .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Hallmark features of the study design include formal definitions of conditions and outcomes , standardized diagnostic and treatment protocols , a placebo treatment arm , masked outcome examinations , and the CISS score outcome measure .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In patients who were cured of H. pylori infection , the cumulative duodenal ulcer relapse rate after 5 years was 9.7 % ( 3 of 31 ) , compared with 81.7 % ( 49 of 60 ) in those patients who remained H. pylori-positive after treatment ( P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Skin samples taken from the buttock area may be an appropriate site for the determination of AGE levels as this procedure appeared to be well-tolerated .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In those patients who completed 3 years of treatment , the rate of joint space narrowing was significantly lower with diacerein ( mean + / - SD 0.18 + / - 0.25 mm/year versus 0.23 + / - 0.23 mm/year with placebo ; P = 0.042 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The authors investigated whether online spaced education progress-testing ( SEPT ) could achieve both aims .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Full-mouth tooth extraction resulted in an improvement in glycemic control among diabetic patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Main analyses were imputed for missing data .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The primary outcome was complete and partial clearance of warts evaluated by blinded photo assessment at 6 weeks after final treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Got it. I will remember them.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-07 00:00]\n<User>Here are some classification examples to learn from. Please pay attention to the labels:\n\nSample: Survival was also evaluated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Our results provide information on shared environmental and genetic risk factors for first and later cancers and may help to identify individuals at high risk for subsequent cancers , which will be important as skin cancer incidence continues to rise .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Level II , prospective comparative study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients receiving the ionic media were significantly less likely to experience decreased blood flow during the procedure ( 8.1 % vs. 17.8 % , p = 0.04 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Combination of antidepressant medication with sleep deprivation therapy is generally indicated .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The study included 50 patients with high systolic pulmonary artery pressure ( PAP ) undergoing surgical repair of cardiac septal defects .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Postoperative haemodynamic profile was stable in all the patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 872 patients aged over 80 recruited during an emergency admission ( any cause ) if returning to own home or warden controlled accommodation and taking two or more drugs daily on discharge .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the process evaluation , mixed methods will be used to provide insight in the implementation degree of the program , patients ' and professionals ' approval of the program , and the barriers and facilitators to implementation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A total of 861 patients were screened for depressive symptoms ; 51 subjects enrolled in the trial .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Seven months of exposure led to greater acceptance than did 3 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To characterize atomoxetine pharmacokinetics , explore the effect of the homozygous CYP2D6 * 10 genotype on atomoxetine pharmacokinetics and evaluate the tolerability of atomoxetine , in healthy Chinese subjects .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In this randomized controlled clinical trial , 50 edentulous patients visiting the Implant Center and Department of Prosthodontics , West China College of Stomatology , Sichuan University , Chengdu , China between June 2010 and June 2012 were selected and received 2 implant-retained mandibular overdenture treatments .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The effectiveness of oseltamivir could be substantially greater if the treatment were started earlier during the course of the illness .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Measurements included a 5-day food diary , subjective global assessment ( SGA ) , anthropometry , and serum biochemistry .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were significant increases in fasting blood glucose ( FBG ) level on postprocedure day ( PPD ) # 1 to PPD # 3 in Group 40 , but on PPD # 1 in Group 20 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At the last follow-up of 6 months , the success rate in the R&R ( 87.5 % ) group was significantly higher than those in the UMR ( 13.3 % ) and BMR ( 42.9 % ) groups ( p = 0.000 and 0.008 ) ; the mean exodeviations at distance and near in the R&R group were significantly different from those in the UMR and BMR groups ( p = 0.000 and 0.001 ) ; there were no significant differences in the mean near-distance differences between the R&R group and the other two groups ( p > 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Rabeprazole , omeprazole , and lansoprazole , given once daily at standard doses , can not be expected to achieve ideal acid suppression for the initial therapy for gastroesophageal reflux disease in Helicobacter-negative CYP2C19 homozygous extensive metabolizers .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: At 12 months , the 800 - , 2,000 - , and 5,000-IU groups had a mean + / - SD increase in 25OHD of 27.5 + / - 40.0 , 60.2 + / - 37.4 , and 66.1 + / - 42.2 nmol/L , respectively ( p = 0.09 ) with a maximum increase in each group of 87.4 , 114.8 , and 129.8 nmol/L .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The objective of this study was to compare effects of nebulized budesonide inhalation suspension and cromolyn sodium nebulizer solution on asthma-related health outcomes in young children with asthma .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Signs of discomfort and complications were scored on scales of 0 to 8 and 0 to 9 , respectively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Preliminary research implicates threat-related attention biases in paediatric anxiety disorders .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: There were no clinically and statistically significant differences in secondary outcomes .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were separated in a randomized way .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The treatment would be continued for 3 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: However , plasma triglyceride levels increased in the control group and decreased in the intervention group ( P = 0.04 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Both groups took the medicines 1 hour before the treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Either elemental zinc ( 20 mg/d ) in a multivitamin syrup or multivitamin syrup alone divided in three divided daily doses for a period of two weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All 6 ABU events caused by gram-negative bacilli occurred in the control group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A randomized , assessor-blind , multinational trial compared ongoing pregnancy rates ( primary end-point ) in 731 women undergoing IVF after stimulation with highly purified menotrophin ( HP-hMG ) ( n = 363 ) or recombinant FSH ( rFSH ) ( n = 368 ) following a long GnRH agonist protocol .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Sensitivity analyses showed little sensitivity in outcomes to model assumptions or uncertainty in model parameters .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Slow-release morphine may represent a much-needed new pharmacological treatment for opioid dependence .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The optimal means of achieving therapeutic oral anticoagulation in the outpatient setting has not been determined .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: In the combined survival analysis , at median follow-up of 202 and 205 weeks in studies 306 and 307 , respectively , with 31 % of the cases resulting in death , bicalutamide 150-mg monotherapy was statistically equivalent to castration ; the risk of death from any cause was 7 % less with bicalutamide than with castration ( hazard ratio [ HR ] = 0.93 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Colestilan also reduced total cholesterol , oxidized LDL-C , HbA1c and uric acid levels , and did not increase serum calcium levels .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In group 1 mean diastolic blood pressure ( BP ) increased by 11 ' 22 mmHg ( p = 0.03 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Valaciclovir , the L-valine ester prodrug of acyclovir , is much better absorbed than acyclovir and produces acyclovir exposures three to five times those attainable with the parent drug .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The difference between the groups in muscle relaxant demand was statistically significant .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: GlaxoSmithKline .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: For FM , medical treatments alone appear insufficient .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The patients were divided into two groups : a treatment group ( n = 24 ) , which were treated twice weekly for 6 consecutive weeks in a sulfur pool heated to 35-36 degrees C , and a control group ( n = 20 ) treated in a Jacuzzi filled with tap water heated to 35-36 degrees C. Participants were assessed by the Lequesne index of osteoarthritis severity , the WOMAC index , the SF-36 quality of health questionnaire , VAS scales for pain ( completed by patients and physicians ) , and physical examination .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: However , the higher reading scores and the slightly faster progression rate in the conventional schools may indicate an influence of the curriculum on the refractive development .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This study evaluated the efficacy of a cancer geneticsspecific questionnaire in facilitating communication about , awareness of , and management of psychosocial problems , as well as in lowering distress levels .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Full compliance with allocation to immediate CEA or deferral would , in expectation , have produced slightly bigger differences in the numbers operated on , and hence in the net 5-year benefits .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary analysis was performed on the time-matched , baseline-subtracted QTc ( ss ) ( DeltaQTc ( ss ) ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Neither BMI nor weight change was significantly associated with an increased risk of cancer recurrence and death in patients with colon cancer .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients with head and neck cancer experience significant weight loss secondary to concurrent chemoradiotherapy ( CCRT ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Fifty-nine patients with active ocular toxoplasmosis were randomly assigned to 2 treatment groups : 29 were treated with pyrimethamine/sulfadiazine , and 30 patients received trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Forty-two women became pregnant , with an overall pregnancy rate per cycle of 8.6 % and pregnancy rate per couple of 38.2 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thank you for sharing. I've noted this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-08 00:00]\n<User>Here are training examples for classification. Note the labels carefully:\n\nSample: The aim of our study was to compare the effectiveness of high-pressure pulsatile lavage and low-pressure lavage in patients with an orthopaedic implant infection treated with open dbridement followed by antibiotic treatment .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This study was performed to compare the pharmacokinetic properties and relative bioavailability of two isosorbide-5-mononitrate ( 5-ISMN ) sustained-release drugs in healthy Korean subjects under fasting and fed conditions .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In the non-optimally staged patients , adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with statistically significant improvements in overall and recurrence-free survival ( HR = 1.75 [ 95 % CI = 1.04 to 2.95 ] ; P = .03 and HR = 1.78 [ 95 % CI = 1.15 to 2.77 ] ; P = .009 , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We genotyped a total of five polymorphisms in GSTM1 , GSTT1 , GSTP1 and GSTA1 genes in 159 patients with locally advanced breast cancer , treated with single-agent doxorubicin or docetaxel ( Taxotere ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: One of the side effects of antimicrobial therapy is a disturbance of the intestinal microbiota potentially resulting in antibiotic-associated diarrhea ( AAD ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Fifty had sub-Tenon 's anesthesia with an i.v. cannula ; 23 , sub-Tenon 's anesthesia without an i.v. cannula ; and 46 , topical anesthesia of proparacaine 0.5 % without an i.v. cannula .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This study was performed to find out the effects of lidocaine or 8.4 % sodium bicarbonate mixed with rocuronium on mean arterial pressure , heart rate and withdrawal movement .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The relative and absolute risk reductions in dependency or death after allocation to an endovascular versus neurosurgical treatment were 22.6 % ( 95 % CI 8.9-34 .2 ) and 6.9 % ( 2.5-11 .3 ) , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary outcome was prevalence of moderate-to-severe vertebral fractures determined by independent radiograph review using validated semiquantitative techniques .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Within the uridine group , the changes from baseline to 3 months were statistically significant in total limb fat ( P < 0.001 ) , intra-abdominal fat ( P < 0.05 ) and total body fat ( P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Randomized clinical trial with observational cohort .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: alpha-Interferon therapy ( three times weekly ) is relatively well tolerated and is effective in clearing HBeAg and HBV DNA in approximately one-third of treated patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Serum levels of chloride and gamma-glutamyltransferase decreased slightly , while alkaline phosphatase increased .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The combined group attained independent oral feeding at a significantly younger postmenstrual age than controls ( p = 0.020 ) and had clinically greater proficiency than the T/K group ( p = 0.020 ; effect size 0.7 ) and oral group ( p = 0.109 ; effect size 0.5 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We conducted a long-term administration test of DAG and TAG in 27 healthy men aged 27-47 years .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All subjects in group I seroconverted at 24 weeks after one single dose of the vaccine .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The difference in effect of saturated and unsaturated plant sterols on cholesterol absorption needs to be elucidated further .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: More than twice ( 52 % vs. 22 % ) as many donepezil-treated patients showed a significant improvement compared with placebo patients on Delayed recall .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We report a randomized , double blind trial comparing target localization with conventional and virtual simulation .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Nonresponders were assumed to be treatment failures for data analysis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of ilioinguinal nerve excision , a concept previously proposed to be performed during open hernia mesh repair , on postsurgical pain and hyposthesia .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Dysmenorrhea is highly prevalent and causes much work loss and discomfort .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Additionally , baseline serum samples were obtained from an independent COPD cohort ( n = 160 ) and 2 healthy control cohorts ( n = 50 ; n = 109 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Similarly , the experimental 0.454 % stannous fluoride and sodium hexametaphosphate dentifrice statistically significantly ( P < 0.0001 ) reduced stain scores by 61.8 % and 96.6 % following 2 weeks of brushing .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Statistical analysis using multilevel mixed effects linear regression indicated a significant reduction in client symptoms across time for symptoms of depression ( P < .001 , d = 1.41 ) , anxiety ( P < .001 , d = 1.14 ) , stress ( P < .001 , d = 1.81 ) , and quality of life ( P < .001 , d = 1.17 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: K-134 was generally well tolerated .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In EMs , the pupillometric response was mainly driven by the ( + ) - M1 , which comprises the mu action component of tramadol ; whereas , in PMs , the non-mu component appears to play an important role .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Diabetic patients ( n = 12 ) exhibited an elevated concentration of PBN adducts ( p < 0.05 vs healthy , n = 14 ) , which were confirmed as secondary , lipid-derived oxygen-centred alkoxyl ( RO . )\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Time between diagnosis of BSD and donor management was 13.2 h ( range , 9.7-16 .8 h ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 4463 patients with NSTE-ACS .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Lipid emulsions containing eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid may ameliorate the inflammatory response among critically ill infants .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: As a primary procedure VOS was more successful than MNS .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>Got it. I will remember them.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-09 00:00]\n<User>I have some labeled classification examples for you to study:\n\nSample: Five short implants failed in 3 patients versus 3 long implants in 3 patients ( Fishers exact test P = 1.00 difference in proportions = 0.00 ; 95 % CI -0.43 to 0.43 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Joint kinematics in the lower extremities were evaluated in this study .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The two groups ( 60 patients each ) were comparable for age , sex , pulmonary function , type and duration of the procedure .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Additional studies are warranted to test the efficacy of power training in older individuals with compromised physical functioning .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Removing deliveries from more than one data source resulted in 10,764 unique deliveries .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was no statistically significant improvement in the placebo group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Serum levels of AST , ALT , total bilirubin ( T-bil ) , direct bilirubin ( D-bil ) , prothrombin time ( PT ) , hepaplastin test ( HPT ) , antithrombin III ( ATIII ) , creatinine ( Cr ) , and blood urea nitrogen ( BUN ) were measured before and 24 h , 3 days , 7 days , and 14 days after both forms of therapy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In group 1 the biliary reconstruction was performed by side-to-side choledochocholedochostomy with ( n = 99 ) and in group 2 ( n = 95 ) without a T-tube .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In an attempt to offer comfort , pain control and symptom management , nursing is becoming increasingly involved in offering complementary-alternative medicine as part of its caring-healing focus in comprehensive patient care .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Wand patients were significantly less likely to cry , to exhibit disruptive body movements , and to require physical restraint .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The mean uterine blood loss was 35.2 ml and was equivalent to the normal menstrual blood loss .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The test products were refined wheat bread ( control ) , endosperm rye bread , traditional rye bread , and high-fiber rye bread ; each bread provided 50 g available carbohydrate and was served with breakfast .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Median age was 64 years ( interquartile range , 58-69 ; 61 % male ) and duration of diabetes was 4 years ( interquartile range , 2-9 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A total of 169 predominantly white , healthy male volunteers ( mean age , 31.8 years ; range , 19-59 years ) were randomized to treatment ; 162 completed the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To evaluate glucose-lowering treatment strategies with linagliptin and metformin in people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and marked hyperglycaemia , a prevalent population for which few dedicated studies of oral antidiabetes drugs have been conducted .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: A detailed radiotherapy protocol and quality assurance procedure has been incorporated into this trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To test whether a weight loss program promotes greater weight loss , glycemic control , and improved cardiovascular disease risk factors compared with control conditions and whether there is a differential response to higher versus lower carbohydrate intake .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Patients .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Some precursor P wave changes on electrocardiogram ( ECG ) before the atrial fibrillation ( AF ) episodes occur in the hyperthyroidism .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Serum lipid concentrations ( total cholesterol , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , high-density lipoprotein cholesterol , and triacylglycerols ) , fibrinogen , blood pressure , and arterial compliance did not change significantly within or between groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In years 3 and 4 , bone loss in participants who switched from alendronate to placebo was similar to that seen during years 1 and 2 in those who continuously received placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The HEALTH trial compares outcomes following THA versus HA in patients 50years of age or older with displaced femoral neck fractures .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Both acupuncture and buccal administration of nitroglycerine could increase the blood perfusion of ischemic myocardium .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: During and after thrombolytic therapy with alteplase , the enhanced fibrin generation is suppressed by sustained concomitant anticoagulation with intravenous heparin .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Femtosecond-LASIK flaps were thicker in the IL group in comparison to the FS group at 3 and 9 months postoperatively ( P = .003 and P = .005 , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study was conducted to determine the plasma concentrations of fentanyl necessary to suppress somatic and hemodynamic responses to surgical incision in 50 % patients in the presence of 0.7 minimum alveolar concentration ( MAC ) xenon .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Patients were asked to assess pain treatment with the Treatment Assessment Scale ( TAS ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: During the operation , increases in arterial blood pressure or heart rate that did not respond to a propofol bolus ( 0.5 mg/kg ) were treated with a bolus of intravenous lidocaine ( 1 mg/kg ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Bias and poor judgment of level accuracy play a significant role in clinician ratings of patient functioning .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Long-term survival was similar for patients having each procedure , and this was verified for all TNM stages .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study provides Class I evidence that valproic acid is associated with more significant attentional dysfunction than ethosuximide or lamotrigine in children with newly diagnosed CAE .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: High fever appeared in 9 patients in IT group , and WBC exceeded 10.0 x 10 ( 9 ) for more than 3 days in 17 patients in this group , versus 20 and 29 patients respectively in RT group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The percentage of patients achieving total healing vs time of treatment was plotted and divided into patients receiving a test agent or placebo .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Data were analyzed for 591 participants in the Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies ( Pounds Lost ) trial , which is a 2-y weight-loss randomized clinical trial of diets that differed in macronutrient proportions .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In this study , codeine was no more effective than placebo in patients with COPD complaining of cough .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Bland-Altman analysis showed a mean ( SD ) PaCO ( 2 ) - PtCO ( 2 ) difference of -0.13 ( 1.9 ) mmHg with limits of agreement of plus or minus 3.8 mmHg ( -3.9 to +3.7 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This may indicate that patients with a small increase in serum IgG level may benefit from a higher dosage or second course of IVIg .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Participants with gout were more likely to have metabolic syndrome , diabetes , cardiac disease or hypertension .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Two hundred ninety patients were accrued to this trial .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thank you for sharing. I've noted this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-10 00:00]\n<User>I want you to learn from these classified examples:\n\nSample: IHNB provides longer postoperative analgesia and earliar discharge , although takes more time to perform and to produce maximum effect , for single sided inguinal henia repair .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Mean age was 61 years ( SD 9.2 ) , 57 % were female , and 81 % were white .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A randomized controlled study was carried out in the Pediatric Surgery Unit of Al-Azhar University Hospitals ( Cairo , Egypt ) over a 3-year period .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The study was a parallel , 18-month , randomised , double-blind , placebo-controlled intervention with assessment at baseline and repeated 6-monthly .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: BAL supernatants were assayed for sPLA2 activity in basal condition and after addition of randomly assigned concentrations of bile acids ( BA ) or normal saline .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Using methods of clinical scale assessment and cerebral functional imaging to compare the relative specificity of needling acupoints Baihui ( DU20 ) , Shuigou ( DU26 ) and Shenmen ( HT7 ) in intervening vascular dementia ( VD ) in different areas in the brain .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: No obvious difference was found in control of shock and energy supply between A and B group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Prospective , longitudinal randomised control trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: For the first 3 months of the study , all patients were treated for hypertension with moxonidine 0.2 mg once daily ( M0 .2 ) to establish a moxonidine baseline .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Between Dec 14 , 2010 , and Aug 23 , 2013 , we enrolled patients into the multicentre , randomised , double-blind , phase 3 RAISE trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients treated with the HFA formulation of cromolyn sodium demonstrated a 28 to 33 % improvement over placebo for all symptom scores ( p < 0.05 ) and a 35 % improvement over placebo in the use of albuterol MDI ( p < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Integration of these foods as part of a healthy diet may , therefore , improve the cardiovascular risk profile of women .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: 23 patients had a BUS greater than 400 ml : of these , 20 patients voided within an hour and were discharged in 162 + / - 45 min .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This therapy will shorten hospital stay and thereby treatment costs .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Both shock and ATP therapies were frequent by 2 years , with 68 % of patients receiving some therapy or having an arrhythmic death .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was a significant improvement in the OKS when the mechanical axis was within 3 of neutral , versus those outside this range ( median of 41.0 compared to 38.3 , p = 0.045 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A total of 83 patients were recruited in each group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: During the first month of life , weight , length , intake , and crying increased significantly in all of the groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The gynaecology department of a large teaching hospital in the UK .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Specially collected , spray-dried bovine and porcine blood plasma have been incorporated previously in feeds of weanling farm animals , resulting in increased dietary intakes and greater rates of weight gain than observed in control animals .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Muscle mass , muscle strength , and dynamic balance increased in the strength-trained women and decreased in the controls ( P = .03 to < .001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To evaluate the effect of corticotomy-facilitated orthodontics ( CFO ) in adults using a further modified technique versus traditional therapy in orthodontic tooth movement .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Lacrimal probing and irrigation with adjunctive MMC ( 1 mL of 0.2 mg/mL , once ) in cases and only probing in controls were done .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Subjects returning for their month-2 visit were offered open-label quinacrine .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The addition of erlotinib to gemcitabine shows a small but significant improvement in overall survival ( OS ) versus gemcitabine alone .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Illustrations appear to be a useful adjunct in explaining complex medication regimens to patients in the developing world where cultural and language barriers can be difficult to bridge .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In group A , 400 mg ropivacaine , 30 mg ketorolac , and 0.5 mg epinephrine were infiltrated periarticularly during operation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Before and after treatment for 3 months , the levels of fasting blood glucose ( FBG ) , fasting insulin , glycosylated hemoglobin ( HbA1c ) , blood cholesterol ( CH ) and triglycerides ( TG ) were examined in all the patients .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The purpose of this study was to clinically evaluate the use of EMD in association with CPF to cover localized gingival recessions compared to CPF alone .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Mexiletine is an oral sodium channel antagonist that has been reported to be effective in a variety of neuropathic pain syndromes .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: 47 practices ( 53 GPs ) were randomised to the control and 45 practices ( 59 GPs ) to the intervention .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The success rate was found to be affected by the reduction technique , the interval between dislocation occurrence and first reduction attempt , and the pain level on admittance .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In addition , the patients in the experimental group received a daily dietary supplement containing arginine , Vinitrox ( Bio Serae Laboratories SAS , Bram , France ) , collagen , methyl-sulfonyl-methane , vitamin C , and bromelain , while the control group patients received placebo .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To assess the type and frequency of attempts by families to control environmental precipitants of symptoms and their degree of consistency with current guidelines .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The purpose of this experimental study was to test the effectiveness of a multiphasic culturally relevant intervention , delivered over a 1-year period to increase the rates of participation in fecal occult blood testing ( FOBT ) at the initial screening opportunity and at the 1-year follow-up screening opportunity among rural African American women .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists are used to premedicate pediatric patients to reduce separation anxiety and achieve calm induction .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Meals were consumed at breakfast , lunch and dinner with the energy expended during exercise replaced on the active day .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Data on myeloperoxidase , oxidized LDL , high-sensitivity C-reactive protein , and the Malnutrition Inflammation Score were collected at baseline and after 52 weeks ; routine laboratory data , such as hemoglobin , ferritin , and albumin , and the use of darbepoetin-alfa , were also measured in the run-in period .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , University Hospital .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: By Cox life-table regression analysis , patients with blasts had a different disease-free survival ( DFS ) distribution , with relapses tending to occur earlier ( P = .008 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The interventions had no effect on secondary outcomes such as depression and quality of life .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Mortality from ruptured AAA was reduced by 68 % at 5 years ( screened group compared to the age-matched control population ) , and by 42 % in the study arm ( screened and refusers ) compared with controls .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Luseogliflozin , a sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor , inhibits reabsorption of glucose in the proximal renal tubule .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Sugammadex ( 2.0 , 4.0 , 8.0 , 12.0 , or 16.0 mg/kg ) or placebo ( 0.9 % saline ) was then administered 5 min after the administration of rocuronium .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This randomised , controlled trial compares these parameters in closures using tissue glue ( Dermabond , Ethicon , UK ) and skin staples .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: 31 healthy obese women volunteers ( age 42.8 yrs + / - 6 SD ) recruited by community advertisement .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Qualitative results suggest that these findings might be attributable in part to either Hawthorne effects or contamination of control group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Secondary outcome variables were plasma inflammation and metabolic markers and urinary electrolytes ( calcium , magnesium , potassium and sodium ) assessed at baseline and 12 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Evidence suggests that this effect may occur through short-term improvements in cognitive processing .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: At 17 + / -6 months after a single ablation procedure , 74 % of the patients in whom AF terminated during LA RFA were in sinus rhythm .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Excellent. I've documented all of this information."]
[{"question": "Sentence: The HRs representing the HDC/IL -2 effects on LFS and OS were strongly correlated at the country level ( R = 0.84 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Mean age of study participants was 66.7 ( 8.0 ) years .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: No HPA axis suppression was observed .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: To assess the effectiveness of an intervention to promote physical activity and fitness in physically disabled women .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Selecting an optimal dose of radioiodine for successful ablation is a continuous challenge in these patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: LI 160 was superior effective concerning the primary outcome criterion HAMA-SOM [ decrease from 15.39 ( SD 2.68 ) to 6.64 ( 4.32 ) in the Hypericum group and from 15.55 ( 2.94 ) to 11.97 ( 5.58 ) in the placebo group ( statistically significant difference , P = 0.001 ) ] .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Many studies have been seeking a favorable method to produce a resected root end with optimal conditions for cell response .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was a residual prevalence of suboptimal adherence that will have to be countered by means other than reformulation and regimen simplification .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Sixty-five cats were included in the study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: QoL was determined using the Short Form ( SF ) -36 in Japanese adults with adult - ( AO ; n = 27 ) or childhood - ( CO ; n = 37 ) onset GHD in a 24-week double-blind placebo-controlled study with a fixed GH dose , and a subsequent 48-week open-label extension study with GH doses individualized using serum IGF-I levels .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: 211 patients were randomised to intervention or comparison groups and 194/211 consultations were tape-recorded .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients were exposed for three weeks , 20 min a day , five days a week .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was significant tumor shrinkage with gefitinib .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: GCDFP-15 was also strongly correlated to AR expression ( p 0.001 ) , and to the so-called molecular apocrine subtype ( HR - / AR + , p < 0.0001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The incidence of FN increased from 10 % in the G-CSF 1 to 6 cycles study arm ( eight of 84 patients ) to 36 % in the G-CSF 1 to 2 cycles study arm ( 30 of 83 patients ) , whereas the mean total costs decreased from 20,658 ( 95 % CI , 20,049 to 21,247 ) to 17,168 ( 95 % CI 16,239 to 18,029 ) per patient , respectively .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The primary outcome measure was a colorectal adenoma diagnosed after baseline .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: More patients received gemcitabine ( 82.5 % ) than capecitabine ( 17.5 % ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Odds ratios for clinically meaningful improvement or worsening on the SF-36 Physical Component Summary ( PCS ) and Mental Component Summary were calculated .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Then the quality of life of both groups was compared using descriptive and analytical statistics .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The efficacy of a maintenance therapy in non-responder patients with chronic hepatitis C has been essentially evaluated by histological semiquantitative scores .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Prospective , blinded , randomized , controlled trial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Entecavir demonstrated superior benefit to lamivudine at 48 weeks in nucleoside-naive patients with hepatitis B e antigen ( HBeAg ) - positive chronic hepatitis B ( CHB ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Moderate respiratory acidosis and reduced oxygenation were evident .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Latanoprost and the fixed combination of timolol and dorzolamide led to similar circadian reductions in IOP , whereas brimonidine was less effective , particularly during the night .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: To investigate the effect of a printed information package on the low back pain ( LBP ) - related beliefs and reported behavior of musculoskeletal practitioners ( chiropractors , osteopaths , and musculoskeletal physiotherapists ) across the United Kingdom .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Three subjects withdrew from the study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Six weeks later , the left ventricular posterior wall thickness of end-diastolic ( LVPWTD ) , left ventricular end-systolic dimension ( LVESD ) , and left atrium dimension ( LAD ) of the TXL group were 0.93 cm + / - 0.09 cm , 3.71 cm + / - 0.19 cm , and 3.21 cm + / - 0.29 cm respectively , all lower than those before treatment ( 0.93 cm + / - 0.09 cm , 3.71 cm + / - 0.19 cm , and 3.21 cm + / - 0.29 cm respectively ) and those of the conventional treatment group ( 0.95 cm + / - 0.08 cm , 3.62 cm + / - 0.46 cm , and 3.82 cm + / - 0.30 cm ) ( all P < 0.05 ) , the ejection-fraction ( EF ) improvement rate of the TXL group was 63 % + / - 7 % , significantly higher than that before treatment ( 52 % + / - 6 % ) and that of the conventional treatment group ( 59 % + / - 8 % , both P < 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Double-blind , placebo-controlled study of 264 children between 6 months and 6 years of age with symptoms of croup for fewer than 48 hours .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Among patients with a recent episode of sustained ventricular arrhythmia and an ICD , fish oil supplementation does not reduce the risk of VT/VF and may be proarrhythmic in some patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Beams of human dentin bonded with three total-etch adhesives were retrieved from the two storage media after 3 years and prepared for transmission electron microscopy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients were randomized 1:1 to either : ( 1 ) Period 1 : telcagepant ( 280-mg tablet/300-mg capsule ) , Period 2 : acetaminophen ( 1000-mg ) ; or ( 2 ) Period 1 : placebo for attack 1 then acetaminophen for subsequent attacks , Period 2 : telcagepant .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The rate of successful first attempts did not differ significantly between either of the 2 intervention groups and the standard approach group ( differences in proportions -3.9 % , 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] -14.2 % to 6.5 % , for ultrasound imaging ; -8.7 % , 95 % CI -19.4 % to 1.9 % , for near-infrared imaging ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The duration of analgesic effect was evaluated every 3 hours .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The patient variables significantly associated with a probability of early discharge independent of incision length were patient age and preoperative hemoglobin levels ( p < 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: There were 2 subjects from each treatment group who demonstrated a study protocol-defined recurrence .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The blocks were brushed ex vivo for 30 seconds , twice per day with the randomly assigned toothpaste ( n = 10 per treatment ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Adverse effects of apheresis included the need for a central venous catheter ( 9 patients ) , major vasovagal episodes ( 3 patients ) , and severe citrate reactions ( 2 patients ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The mean baseline 25 ( OH ) D levels were 21.6 4.6 ng/mL ( 1 SD ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Results demonstrated superiority of DBT + MED compared to MED alone on Interpersonal Sensitivity and Interpersonal Aggression at post-treatment and 6-month follow-up .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The impact of infliximab induction and maintenance therapy on health-related quality of life ( HRQL ) was evaluated in patients with ulcerative colitis ( UC ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: This secondary analysis focused on multiple regression analysis of these parameters .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D > 100 ng/ml was found in two children in the oral group and one child in the intramuscular group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: A total of 91.3 % of patients were euthyroid , 5.0 % were hypothyroid , and 3.7 % were hyperthyroid .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: During follow-up , pneumonia , febrile days , and death from pneumonia decreased significantly in patients with oral care .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Participants were recruited from the Tianjin Medical University General Hospital-Health Management Centre .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients who responded to treatment during TP1 were re-randomized in Treatment Period 2 ( TP2 ) to receive MAP0004 0.25 mg systemic equivalent dose or placebo .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The 58 patients in the tested group were treated with SFI in cooperation with chemotherapy of CAF protocol ( Cyclophosphamide , Doxorubicin and Fluorouracil ) , while the 52 patients in the control group were treated with chemotherapy of the same protocol alone .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Occupational therapy training in the use of a handheld computer improved patients ' daily memory function more than standard rehabilitation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to predict response and to adjust for differences in independent baseline characteristics .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: For the most part , the deposition proteome across these lenses is similar , although the different polymer characteristics might be associated with some variability in observance of the less frequently identified proteins .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Control of medication , evaluated 12 weeks after discharge on 293 ( 89 % ) of the patients by an interview at home and by a questionnaire to the GP .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This suggestion is based partly on supposed inconsistencies between all-cause mortality results and disease specific results in cancer screening trials , and alleged increases in deaths from causes other than breast cancer among breast cancer cases diagnosed among women invited to screening .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Pragmatic multicentre , two arm , parallel group , randomised controlled trial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Intervention subjects took significantly longer than controls in porcine LC1 ( 2920 vs 2004 seconds ; P = 0.009 ) and LC2 ( 2297 vs 1683 ; P = 0.003 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Rescue tramadol was available .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Serum - tocopherol concentrations significantly increased in the study group compared to control ( p = 0.0004 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , the symptom severity was poorly or weakly correlated to duodenal pH , and brief duodenal acid infusion did not affect any symptoms .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: We sought to evaluate gadobenate dimeglumine for the detection and characterization of focal liver lesions in the unenhanced and already pre-enhanced liver .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , the incidence of recurring obstructive symptoms , pharyngitis , and antibiotic use was similar in both treatment groups during the 12 months .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The signal-to-noise ratio needed for the straight-or-turn judgment is much higher than that needed to detect a vehicle .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: We compared the number of treatment episodes for symptomatic bacteriuria between groups randomized to receive either clean or sterile intermittent catheterization .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Blood samples were obtained from a subset of 8 subjects preexercise , postexercise , and at 1 h postexercise .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: No differences in any of the investigated parameters were observed at baseline between the two groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The agreement rate between the 2 sets of washings for both groups was 98.2 % .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Influenza vaccine ( n = 55 ) or saline placebo ( n = 47 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Noise , subjective image quality scores and effective radiation dose were compared between the two groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The results emphasize the importance of evaluating lifetime histories of physical activity from multiple sources , including both recreational and nonrecreational activities of various intensities , to fully understand the relation between physical activity and disease risk .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: An intensive behavioral intervention designed to promote and maintain weight loss through caloric restriction and increased physical activity was compared with diabetes mellitus support and education .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Suggestions were tabulated and when possible , changes were made .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The intraoperative time was less with the Unicirc/adhesive technique ( median 13 v. 22.6 min , respectively ; p < 0.001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: It is unknown whether acute response is correlated with the amplitude of output current .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: But number of gadolinium-enhancing lesions in CinnoVex showed statistically significant decrease after 12 months ( 0.080.28 vs. 1.001.22 ; p = 0.03 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Trimetrexate has some activity against NSCLC , but its role in the future therapy of this disease is questionable .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: A slightly , but not significantly , larger proportion of patients who received the intervention increased their motivation to change .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Echocardiographic measurements included pulmonary arterial systolic pressure ( PASP ) , myocardial performance index ( MPI ) , tricuspid and lateral mitral annular pulsed-wave tissue Doppler systolic ( Sa ) and early diastolic ( Ea ) long-axis motions .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: To determine the efficacy of 3 types of polymer-based saliva substitutes in reducing oral dryness in patients with Sjgren 's syndrome ( SS ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Men with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer , whose PSA was < 0.5 ng ml ( -1 ) after 6 months of androgen deprivation therapy were randomized to pazopanib 800 mg daily or observation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The group of patient was randomly divided in 2 groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: On the primary efficacy endpoint at Week 8 , non-inferiority was established with a difference of -1.2 MADRS points in favor of vortioxetine ( 95 % CI : -3.0 to 0.6 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: We found no difference in postoperative pain level , analgesia drug consumption , blood loss in drain , and knee function .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The I-125 patients demonstrated a complete resolution of adverse isodose patterns after the initial isodose reconstruction ( I-FL ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: For all subsequent postoperative days , there was no significant difference in pain levels between the techniques .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Although the small number of subjects precludes firm conclusions , trends of lower magnitude and duration of FEV1 rise after surgery in AAT-deficient versus AAT-replete subjects and higher mortality in deficient individuals randomized to surgery versus medical treatment suggest caution in recommending LVRS in AAT deficiency .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: In study II , itraconazole slightly increased the AUC ( 0-infinity ) and Cmax of pravastatin , but the changes were statistically nonsignificant ( p = 0.052 and 0.172 , respectively ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Our purpose was to test the hypothesis that the supine versus the lateral position is associated with a greater decrement in cardiac output after epidural analgesia in labor .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The comparison with Daflon indicates that HR is comparatively more effective both on microcirculatory parameters and on signs and symptoms .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Ten patients were later determined to be ineligible .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The area under the curve of glucose and insulin , total insulin secretion , and insulin sensitivity was calculated .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Twenty rheumatologists performed a prospective chart audit of 50 consecutive patients with rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) and again after 6 months .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Trail-making scores were slower in actively treated patients , especially in the first 6 months of follow-up when the between-group effect sizes were 0.25 [ 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) 0.07 to 0.43 ] for Trail-making A and 0.13 ( 95 % CI -0.05 to 0.31 ) for Trail-making B. Across the 4 years of follow-up , patients receiving active treatment were more likely to report problems on the Social Interaction scale than were placebo-treated patients ( odds ratio 1.32 , 95 % CI 1.02 to 1.69 ) , equivalent to a 7 % difference .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Prior to endotracheal intubation , ETTs in the chlorhexidine group were lubricated with 0.1 % chlorhexidine gluconate jelly , whereas the ETTs in the triamcinolone group were lubricated with 0.1 % triamcinolone acetonide paste 0.5 mg .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The duration of hospitalization after the operation was shorter in the conventional surgery group ( 1.76 + / -0.75 days vs. 2.86 + / -0.73 days , P < 0.001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov , number NCT00745823 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Thus , angiographic isthmus evaluation predicts the effectiveness of a RFA catheter and the risk of an expensive catheter crossover .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: For the service provider , Leg Club intervention resulted in cost savings and better health effects when compared with home nursing .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Although numerous SNPs have been identified in PXR and have appeared to affect PXR function , their impact on the expression of CYP3A4 in human subjects has not been well studied .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: In the TAXUS-V and - VI trials , 51 patients with overlapping stents ( 27 PES and 24 BMS ) were imaged with serial IVUS immediately after procedure and at 9 months .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The primary outcome was a plasma 25 ( OH ) D concentration of 75 nmol/L or greater in 97.5 % of infants at 3 months .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Univariate associations correlated IL-17 positively with EBB CD8 + cells ( R2 = 0.010 , p = 0.001 ) and negatively with days post-LTx ( R2 = 0.07 , p = 0.002 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The adjunctive use of hydroquinone can enhance the efficacy of tazarotene in reducing dyspigmentation associated with photodamage .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}]