["[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-01 00:00]\n<User>I'm providing classification data with labels for your reference:\n\nSample: These findings extend results found in selected middle aged patients to elderly patients with heart failure and show that ventilatory parameters from a cardiopulmonary exercise test , such as peak VO2 , VE/O2 , and VE/VCO2 are powerful predictors of mortality .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture in treating chronic fatigue syndrome ( CFS ) in Hong Kong .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: These results do not take into account very rare and severe complications not met in this study in the limited size ; then the economic and medical impact can influence the choice beyond the simple analysis cost-efficiency .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Based on bed-rest-induced body composition changes , the control group were in slight negative energy balance ( -0.4 + / - 0.4 MJ/d ; P = 0.01 vs. zero ) , essentially due to muscle atrophy ( P < 0.001 vs. zero ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were randomly assigned in a double-blind fashion to receive either placebo or one of four doses of TCH346 ( 1.0 , 2.5 , 7.5 , or 15 mg/day ) administered orally once daily for at least 24 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The optimal duration of oral GP IIb/IIIa blockade to effectively suppress recurrent ischemic events after coronary intervention remains to be determined .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: No severe adverse events were observed in either group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The program includes 10 monthly sessions focused on nutrition and activity education , meal planning and preparation skill development .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Maximal 2-minute sit-up test performance was measured before and after a 6-week training program .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: BT/T ratio varied from 20 to 70 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a moderate-fat diet inclusive of walnuts on blood lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fluoride varnish on enamel caries progression in the primary dentition .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: No side effects were observed in the aprotinin group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Main obstacles to implementation were technical or organizational difficulties ( 50.0 % ) and physical disabilities of the worker ( 44.8 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Both Carbomer and SH reduced the symptom severity and ocular surface staining , but neither had a lasting effect on NIBUT or TBUT .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Posthoc analysis showed that the median time from bite to FFP administration was significantly shorter for non-responders to FFP than for responders ( 4.7 h , interquartile range [ IQR ] 4.2-6 .7 h vs. 7.3 h , IQR6.1-8h ; P = 0.002 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the second study , subjects were randomly fitted with the more comfortable prototype lens found in the first study in one eye and a senolfilcon A lens in the other eye .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Safety endpoints were number and severity of hypoglycaemic episodes , adverse events and adverse device effects .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Safety and biomarker end points were assessed .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Medication costs , including costs for all insulin or OAD regimens , were estimated using published wholesale acquisition costs .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: An interval of at least 7 days was allowed to elapse between treatments .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Data from a small prospective study suggested that use of two cutoff points for three different levels of ST segment resolution 3 h after the start of thrombolysis may be an efficient way to predict outcome in an individual patient .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: In six episodes , CAV was started despite persistently negative GM readings .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Those with a serum uric acid increase > or = 0.06 mmol/l in the active treatment group had a similar risk of coronary events as the placebo group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Since the sample size needed for studying outcomes separately is large , this project also promotes an international prospective meta-analysis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Additional studies are recommended to identify the most effective training procedures for maintaining these skills and the best transfer ratio in the training of VR-based community living skills of people with stroke .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Cholesterol absorption and synthesis were determined by measuring red cell cholesterol 13C and deuterium enrichment , respectively .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: A randomized , double-blinded , placebo-controlled trial of corticosteroid administration in 41 patients with advanced HIV-1 infection .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Intervention group participants were allowed to ambulate without restriction 6 hours after catheterization .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We have studied the soleus H-reflex elicited by stimulation of the S1 nerve root at the S1 foramen .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: These results clearly demonstrated the greater efficacy of aloe cream over SSD cream for treating second-degree burns .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Further studies to evaluate the mechanism of action of tetracyclines in RA are indicated .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: It was concluded that the 2 formulations of fixed dose combination of bisoprolol fumarate 5 mg and hydrochlorotiazide ( HCT ) 6.25 mg film-coated tablet ( the test and reference products ) were bioequivalent .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The role of diet in the aetiology of metabolic syndrome ( MetS ) is not well understood .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Greater ICU use correlated with fewer patients receiving ICU interventions .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Rash was noted in 26 ( 67 % ) patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In vitro cefuroxim sensitivity was 53.3 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Uncertainty surrounding cost differences and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios was estimated using bootstrapping .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To compare the acceptability of microwave endometrial ablation using a local anaesthesia/sedation regime or general anaesthesia .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: RTR with serum creatinine levels < 3.0 mg/dl were randomized to receive either ARB ( n = 29 ) or calcium-channel blocker ( CCB ; n = 27 ) as initial therapy for post-transplant hypertension .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Oral submucous fibrosis is a common premalignant condition in the Indian subcontinent and is caused by chewing areca nut and other irritants in various forms .\n\nLabels: 3\n<Assistant>Noted. I'll remember these details.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-02 00:00]\n<User>Please observe these classification examples and their associated labels:\n\nSample: Intensification of therapy for most patients in IRS-III , using a risk-based study design , significantly improved treatment outcome overall .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Forty-three families were reassessed 6 months after the end of the intervention and 34 of these after a further 6-month period .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: None of the breast milk samples contained any measurable concentrations of E ( 2 ) after E ( 2 ) treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The study provides scientific data on the characteristics of the ` deqi ' response in acupuncture and its association with distinct nerve fibers .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The present study was undertaken to determine whether menthol affects the metabolism of and pharmacological responses to the calcium channel antagonist felodipine in people .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Interventions in the form of a lecture at a conference and a letter with personalized feedback were implemented , both individually and combined , to improve physicians ' rates of prescribing the first-line drug , nitrofurantoin , and , in the absence of nitrofurantoin , adhering to the recommended duration of three days of treatment with ofloxacin .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Over the past 13 months 45 individuals were treated with etanercept and 17 subjects were treated with efalizumab .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To determine whether a reduced item set can identify children who have chronic conditions with a level of at least 90 % accuracy compared with the complete Questionnaire for Identifying Children With Chronic Conditions ( QuICCC ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: We demonstrated differences in the anatomic structure and mechanical behavior of the PA in vitro and highlighted histological and mechanical modes of adaptation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: On the other hand postoperative blood losses of the TEuc-group were clearly higher ( 7/25 vs. 3/25 ) , wounds healed more slowly , the development of the wound covering and the swelling of the uvula were significantly larger .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: All but one of the recurrences occurred after anticoagulant treatment was discontinued .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Such approach leads to better outcomes , reduces complications , and improves nutritional profile .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Preterm infants are at risk for suboptimal bone mineralization .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: We investigated the efficacy of celecoxib ( C ) , a selective COX-2 inhibitor , added to docetaxel ( Taxotere ) / carboplatin ( DC ) in advanced ovarian cancer .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Compared with placebo , both triazolam and buspirone decreased right-frontal , 9-10 Hz , conflict-specific-power .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A total of 16 children were randomized into 2 equal groups once their parents or guardians had given written informed consent .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Hyperbaric oxygen ( HBO ) attenuates lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) - induced acute lung injury .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Like FM , MYO cigarettes expose their users to harmful constituents of tobacco smoke .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In fact , it does not appear to reduce biochemical measures of inflammation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: None of the subscale categories showed significant changes between treatment groups at 12 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Two-order randomized evaluations were performed : one night of at-home PM ( PMhome ) and one night of simultaneous PM and polysomnography ( PSG ) in the sleep lab ( PSG+PM ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In this pivotal phase 3 study , the octreotide implant maintained reduced blood levels of GH and IGF-I with continuous octreotide release over 6 months , which was well tolerated .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The overall incidences of AEs were 89 % and 82 % ( serious AEs : 18 % and 13 % ; serious infections : 7.6 % and 4.1 % ) in the tocilizumab and DMARD groups , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Thirty-seven ( 82.2 % ) of the stroke unit patients and 25 ( 78.1 % ) of the general wards patients were assessed by the NHP ; 38 ( 84.4 % ) and 28 ( 87.5 % ) , respectively , were assessed by the VAS .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Fugl-Meyer scale of the upper and lower limb function was used to evaluate the motor function of the affected limbs of the patients before and after treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Late luminal loss was significantly greater in the nonirradiated group ( p = 0.004 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To determine the immunologic effects of oropharyngeal colostrum administration in extremely premature infants .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Participants ' general and specific impulsivity and fear-related personality traits were also assessed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: During the treatment period of 6 months the multiple criteria frequency , severity and duration of exacerbations were significantly lower in the group treated with cineole in comparison to placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Mean VAS scores at all time points were between 2.0 and 4.3 and were highest in the first postoperative hour .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 32 extracted maxillary central incisor teeth were each decoronated perpendicular to the long axis at a point 2.0 mm occlusal to the labial cemento-enamel junction .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The half-life of labeled cotinine derived from nicotine was significantly longer than the half-life of cotinine administered as cotinine .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Understanding attitudes to mental health issues can inform public health interventions .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: From December 2009 to December 2010 , 103 patients were enrolled : 51 ( group A ) underwent DVM of the GSV , and 52 ( group B ) did not .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Mothers ' comorbid anxiety disorders predicted the highest rates of current disorders in the child in both studies .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Fexofenadine HCl is a nonsedating , long-acting H1 receptor antagonist that provides fast and effective relief from SAR .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: EPO switching to CERA without a decrease in the Hb level could be achieved by administering CERA every two weeks , but not every four weeks , for a specific period after switching .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: However , physician awareness was increased during the study due to the use of an exposed electronic dosimeter .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Complications were defined according to consensus criteria .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The median follow-up time of living patients was about 90 months for both groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Three reversible episodes of acute graft rejection occurred in study patients during mycophenolate mofetil monotherapy , whereas none occurred in the control group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary outcome was the pain burden reduction by two treatments within 48h postoperatively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The hazard ratio [ 95 % CI ] for probability of relapse was 0.728 [ 0.410 , 1.295 ] ( log-rank p = 0.280 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Quality of life ( QoL ) and cost were assessed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Combination therapy had an intermediate 1-year mortality ( 9.9 % ) ; this outcome was statistically indistinguishable from that with streptokinase ( P = .47 ) but was marginally different from that with accelerated TPA ( P = .05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Baseline BIS for MT and CT at 1.81 % e ` Iso were 63 + / - 10 and 58 + / - 9 , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Such information should be useful when choosing the best therapeutic option for similar patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The model showed a significant beneficial role of pollen IT in rhinoconjunctivitis patients allergic to birch and grass pollen .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: At ages 8 and 9 , they were randomly assigned to a control condition , or to a two-year universal classroom-based intervention targeting disruptive behavior .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Excellent. I've documented all of this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-03 00:00]\n<User>Please study these classification instances and their labels:\n\nSample: The levels of L-asparagine in CSF were undetectable in 15 of 20 ( 75 % ) and in seven of 19 ( 36.8 % ) children 3 and 5 days , respectively , after administration of standard-dose ASNase .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Finally , we examined these end points among the subset of subjects meeting prespecified transfusion criteria defined by five simultaneous indicators : hemoglobin < 10.2 g/dL , central or mixed venous oxygen saturation < 70 % , central venous pressure 8 mmHg , MAP 65 mmHg , and vasopressor use .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Each dose was randomly assigned in a blinded manner to the right or left forearm and read at 48-72 hours by a single nurse who was blinded to the assignment of the 5 and 10 TU doses .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: IBS symptoms were monitored weekly and scored according to a 7-point Likert scale .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Adenosine triphosphate was administered for induced hypotension .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Increasing awareness of illness , enhancing treatment satisfaction and involving relatives in treatment could also be of help .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To evaluate in situ the effect and mechanisms involved in the anticariogenic effect of a calcium glycerophosphate fluoride dentifrice .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The vitronectin and clusterin concentrations were significantly less reduced in the Duraflo II compared with the control group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Intra-arterial infusion of combined rAd-p53 and chemotherapy significantly increased the survival rate of patients with stage III but not stage IV oral cancer , compared with intra-arterial chemotherapy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This action of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine is paralleled by humoral anti-inflammatory mechanisms and may be useful in patients with systemic inflammation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The hypertonic saline injections resulted in local as well as referred non-painful and painful sensations in 9 out of the 10 subjects .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Pharmacological antipyretics are used regularly for pain management rather than fever management , with paracetamol the most common antipyretic therapy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: De-escalating NTZ to IFN B 1B is feasible and associated with overall good patient related outcome and persistently stable behavioral measures .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This full dose-response study suggests that ropivacaine and levobupivacaine are of similar potency , whereas bupivacaine is more potent than both other drugs .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: More than 87 % of subjects completed the study , and 97 % of these rated the gel as acceptable or convenient .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Therapeutic procedural characteristics showed 5 to 6 procedures per 2 years with total average relief of 80 weeks in Group I and 78 weeks in Group II in the successful patient category ; whereas , it was 71 and 72 weeks when all patients were considered .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Data about clinical outcomes for the two groups were also obtained .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Overall , 6 and 24 % of the men were severely and moderately symptomatic , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Sleep disturbance symptom ( SDS ) is commonly reported in alcoholic patients .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Blood samples for TNF - , IFN - , IL-1 , IL-2 , IL-4 , IL-6 , IL-10 , IL-12 , and GM-CSF were obtained before surgery ( T ( pre ) ) , 3 h ( T ( 3h ) ) , and 24 h ( T ( 24h ) ) after skin incision .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients with active axial SpA ( n = 46 ) were randomized to receive placebo or adalimumab at a dosage of 40 mg subcutaneously every other week for 12 weeks , followed by an open-label extension that continued up to week 52 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Participants with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies beyond 41 weeks gestation and undilated , uneffaced cervices were randomized to either placebo or mifepristone 200 mg orally and observed for 24 hours prior to receiving either intravaginal misoprostol and/or intravenous oxytocin .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Healthy participants veered opposite to the FOE location in the physical world , with larger deviations occurring at the most eccentric FOE locations .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Of the participants , 95 % received a PRO-FIT * advice log on account , of which 49 % actually logged on and completed at least one advice module .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study was conducted to explore the use of cisapride in the treatment of chronic idiopathic constipation in children .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The concentration measured at 7200 min ( 120 h ) was non-significantly higher in the slow-release group ( median 25.5 , range 6.9-67 .2 microg/l ) than in the GITS group ( median 14.6 , range 6.0-20 .0 microg/l ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The overall proportion that passed the high-fidelity mannequin scenario was 0.47 compared with 0.58 in the low-fidelity mannequin scenario .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients treated with each of these two protocols were randomly assigned to receive a single injection of GnRH agonist or placebo 6 days after ICSI .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Octreotide reduces the proliferative activity of tumor cells and the serum IGF-I levels in patients with colorectal cancer .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Insulin degludec/liraglutide ( IDegLira ) is a novel combination of insulin degludec ( IDeg ) and liraglutide .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Secondary end points were complete response and overall survival .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: ADAPT will recruit 4,936 patients according to their respective breast cancer subtype in four distinct sub-trials at 80 trial sites in Germany ; 4,000 patients with hormone receptor positive ( HR + ) and HER2 negative disease will be included in the ADAPT HR + / HER2 - sub-trial , where treatment decision is based on risk assessment and therapy response to induction therapy , and 380 patients will be included in ADAPT HER2 + / HR + .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Tolerability was assessed based on physical examinations , vital signs , clinical laboratory tests , electrocardiograms ( ECGs ) , and adverse events ( AEs ) ( spontaneously reported or observed by investigators ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Managing patients with polypharmacy is demanding , because it requires coordination of multiple prescribers and intensive monitoring .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: While in the control group the response rate was 15.8 % ( 36.8 % including minor remission patients ) , and the median survival time was 14.3 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The short-acting anesthetic propofol offers certain potential advantages for endoscopic procedures , but controlled studies proving its superiority over benzodiazepines for ERCP are lacking .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Patients were randomly assigned to instill Acular LS in one eye and Refresh Tears in the fellow eye four times a day beginning 48 hours prior to LASIK , just before the keratome pass , and at the conclusion of surgery .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Longitudinal follow-up of children occurred in 2 cohorts of the Multicenter Cryotherapy for Retinopathy of Prematurity Study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Device migrations required endoscopic removal prior to reaching 52 weeks .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Carboplatin/PLD was not superior to carboplatin/paclitaxel , which remains the standard first-line chemotherapy for advanced ovarian cancer .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This result is of clinical interest offering a potential inexpensive and safe prognostic marker in newborn infants with perinatal asphyxia .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Gastrostomy feeds were associated with better growth .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary endpoint is the reoperation within 12 weeks postoperative .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A RBC+A mo + Cla regimen for only 1 week is a promising therapy for H. pylori infection , due to its high efficacy , simple posology , and excellent tolerability .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Ventilator settings and SpO2 were recorded every 5 seconds for analysis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No reduction was observed in all-cause mortality ( relative risk with annual screening , 1.00 ; 95 % CI , 0.99 to 1.01 ; relative risk with biennial screening , 0.99 ; 95 % CI , 0.98 to 1.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Clozapine had greater efficacy in reducing hallucinations and delusions frequency , but its use is associated with an increased risk of leukopenia .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>I've captured all of this valuable information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-04 00:00]\n<User>These are labeled examples for classification tasks:\n\nSample: Failure to note an intergroup difference in outcome was unrelated to relative dose-intensity .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 96 adult ASA physical status 1 , II , and III patients , scheduled for diagnostic flexible bronchoscopy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We previously reported that age , gender , body composition , and monocytes affect the clearance of other liposomal agents .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The most commonly reported adverse events in subjects taking avanafil included headache , flushing , and nasal congestion ; there were no drug-related serious adverse events .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study randomized 667 intensive SUD outpatients to telephone case monitoring versus face-to-face continuing care as usual at two sites .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Surgery was performed as daycases ( 52 % ) or inpatients ( 48 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: An average of 6.1 different brain areas were injured in patients in PVS compared with 4.6 areas in patients who had NPVS .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We recruited and screened thirty-two healthy volunteers who were randomly allocated equally into two groups : an NSAID control group , who received 75 mg slow-release diclofenac , twice daily for 14 d ; and an NSAID-muscovite group , who received 3 g of muscovite in addition to the 75 mg of slow-release diclofenac , twice daily for 14 d. For gastroprotection , both groups were administered 20 mg/d of the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Watching a self-instructional video improved performance quality scores of both correct head positioning , and the quality of airway manoeuvres compared to baseline , however mask leak was not significantly reduced .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were no differences in the number or type of adverse events recorded in the terbinafine or itraconazole groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: One-hundred and eighty-two unpremedicated patients who underwent varicose vein or open inguinal hernia repair surgery under general anaesthesia were randomly assigned to ( a ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Western European subjects received single ( 50-1000mg ) or multiple ( 10-450mg ) oral doses of GSK2190915 or placebo in a dose-escalating manner .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Sperm selection in the ICSI group was analyzed under a magnification of 400 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Multivariate analysis showed that diabetes mellitus was independently associated with HR > 70 bpm .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , clinical follow-up did not differ between free-hand and ultrasound-guided AC joint space infiltration .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The study was randomized , double-blind , double-dummy , and crossover .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To examine whether single parenthood ( mother only ) affects the effectiveness of an oral health promotion programme to prevent ECC in their child .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Our objective was to study the impact of a theaflavin-enriched green tea extract on the lipids and lipoproteins of subjects with mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The median survival of all 406 eligible patients was 346 days with 15 % of the patients alive at two years .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , Vss expressed per kg body weight was slightly smaller in obese patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: EE in parents of adolescents with AN is remarkably low .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Optimal amounts of iron in infant formula warrant further study .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: However , none of the patients in this group achieved sustained virological response .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The two groups were well-matched at baseline , with no significant differences in mean age , body mass index , ESS and SaO ( 2 ) dips/hour .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The incidence of postpartum haemorrhage did not differ between the controlled cord traction arm ( 9.8 % , 196/2005 ) and standard placenta expulsion arm ( 10.3 % , 206/2008 ) : relative risk 0.95 ( 95 % confidence interval 0.79 to 1.15 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Sensitivity analyses of laparoscopic hardware usage and of incomplete pyloromyotomy indicated that LP was consistently less expensive than OP .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No further treatment was required once serum progesterone levels had decreased to less than 1.5 ng/mL .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Analysis according to intention-to-treat-intervention and control groups ( n = 88 ) -- was based on group affiliation at baseline .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Right half-field eye-patching improved stroke patients ' impairment level in terms of UN , but the potential benefits in impairment tests were not confirmed by improvements in function .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Increases in alanine transaminase ( ALT ) or aspartate transaminase ( AST ) levels > 2 times the upper limit of normal ( ULN ) were considered clinically significant adverse effects .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Our goal was to compare the respiratory health effects and air quality consequences of exposure to low-NOx unflued gas heaters with exposure to non-indoor-air-emitting flued gas heaters in school classrooms .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: There is a lack of controlled studies of the psychological and behavioral processes involved in this type of intervention for anxiety and depressive disorders .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Superficial surgical-site infection occurred in 20.3 % of patients in the sponge group and 13.6 % of patients in the control group ( P = 0.03 ) , and deep surgical-site infection in 8.3 % and 6.0 % ( P = 0.26 ) , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: About 80 % reported that their purpose in participating had been fulfilled .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: ISRCTN33832691 ( http://www.controlled-trials.com ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The changes of cerebral blood flow , plasma viscosity and platelet adhesion rate were com - pared before and after the treatment ; Nerve function and living abilities of the two groups were recorded and compared ; Cure rate of the two groups were compared .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The fasted subjects were served three test meals consisting of a 400-ml liquid breakfast alone or containing lactulose ( 15 or 25 g ) in a double-blind crossover design .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The single task group will undertake gait training with cueing strategies to increase step length .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Further analyses are ongoing .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Maximum moxifloxacin concentrations were approximately 30 times higher than the median MICs for common pathogens in bacterial endophthalmitis , indicating that either regimen may provide sufficient concentrations to prevent postoperative endophthalmitis .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: All patients received a mono-J ureteral catheter .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The most frequently cited reasons to decline were the unpleasantness of the examination , the inconvenience of the preparation , a lack of symptoms , and `` no time/too much effort . ''\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The participant time interaction made the largest contribution to error variance , ranging from 59 % to 81 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Wonderful. I'll remember these key points.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-05 00:00]\n<User>Study these classification examples and pay attention to the categories:\n\nSample: CA 19-9 is an important tumor marker in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The Health Evidence team conducted two studies examining Knowledge Broker impact in Canadian public health departments .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Staff and learners consistently underestimated lesion size with median errors of 34 % and 43 % , with excellent ( median intraclass correlation coefficient [ ICC ] of 0.97 ) and fair ( median ICC of 0.56 ) reproducibility for cystoscopy and ureteroscopy , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , after further subdivision , we found that NAC responders had longer survival and lower recurrence rate than non-NAC responders ( P = 0.000 ; P = 0.013 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Pre-post effect-sizes for these outcomes were large and robust .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The efficacy and incidence of side effects between domestic gemcitabine and the imported gemzar are similar .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients were randomly assigned to receive a single-piece poly ( methyl methacrylate ) ( PMMA ) IOL , a 3-piece silicone IOL , or a 3-piece acrylic IOL .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were similar rates for recall of complications in both study arms .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In this study , all subjects ( n = 12 ) were randomized to receive the following four treatments , separated by a wash-out period of 7 days : cephalexin 500mg alone , concomitantly with zinc 250mg , 3h after zinc 250mg or 3h before zinc 250mg .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Forty-six older adults completed a crossover trial with washout between exercise and sham treatments .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: They applied once daily a 0.05 % capsaicin gel and the vehicle in a randomized design on the volar forearms .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: FI was significantly correlated with PSD ( r = -0.58 ) , CPSD ( r = -0.72 ) , LD ( r = -0.56 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were queried about treatment emergent adverse events following study drug administration and also 24 h later over the phone .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We did not detect significant differences for the effects of EDTA or DMSA on lead concentrations in the testes ; there was an adverse interaction of EDTA with DMSA that caused an increase in lead concentrations in the testes .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: None of the outcome measures differed significantly between the two groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Lavender oil showed a broad antibacterial activity against all tested strains ; it exhibited significant inhibition on tested bacteria where the value of zone of inhibition ranged from 14.5-24 mm vs Streptomycin ( 25 microg/disc ) 12-22 + / - 0.5 mm ; MIC was > 6.4-36 mg/ml .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The VAS values of the patients regarding their pain severity were evaluated at 4 , 8 , 12 and 24 hours and were significantly lower in the group which received meloxicam pre-emptively ( p = 0.001 , 0.0001 , 0.003 and 0.0001 respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the 1 ( st ) week and 6 ( th ) month after AMI onset , the parameters of VS were measured by equilibrium radionuclide angiography with ventricular phase analysis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Participants were randomly assigned to the ECC isotonic or CON-ECC isokinetic exercise group and performed a single bout of resistance exercise involving the elbow flexors .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A total of 239 women over 70 years old with one unoperated cataract were randomized to cataract surgery ( expedited , approximately 4 weeks ) or control ( routine surgery , 12 months wait ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Overall , the readjudicated data matched the study 's initial findings , with no significant difference in 1-year mortality between ziprasidone and olanzapine for sudden death not otherwise specified and sudden cardiac death ( R96 .0 or R96 .1 or I46 .1 ; RR = 1.11 , 95 % CI 0.45 - 2.77 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Process evaluation in 1999-2002 showed high intervention quality and coverage .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The logistic mixed-effects regression model showed that women did not have a higher odds of being an ex-smoker than men after the analysis was adjusted for confounders ( OR adjusted = 0.9 , 95 % CI = 0.7-1 .2 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Both crude and adjusted mortalities declined over the study period .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Finally , sphincter-saving operations were more frequently performed in Group 2 ( CRT ) even though tumor differentiation and distance from the anal verge were similar in both groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Second , a clinical study evaluated the incidence of patient-ventilator asynchronies in 15 patients during three randomized , consecutive , 20-min periods of NIV using an ICU ventilator with and without its NIV algorithm engaged and a dedicated NIV ventilator .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Formoterol 12 microg has a similar onset of action and potency to albuterol 200 microg when administered via a Turbuhaler in children with a mild acute asthma crisis .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To compare two strategies to enhance placento-fetal blood transfusion in preterm neonates before 33 weeks of gestation .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Those patients operated on using the PHS described minimum pain on the postoperative first , second , and seventh days ( P < .05 ) and also the necessity of analgesic was significantly lower in this group ( P < .05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients in whom microsporidia were not cleared received treatment for two weeks with open-label fumagillin .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Three dose regimens were employed in the current study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In addition , serum fibronectin was determined by radial immunodiffusion .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Furthermore , pools in the enhanced condition established and maintained significantly greater sun-safety policies and supportive environments over time .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: During a median follow-up of 5 years , high STn patients had worse disease free survival than low STn patients ( 55 % vs. 74 % , respectively ; P = 0.03 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To assess the effect of pain-free treadmill training on red blood cell deformability and walking distance in patients with claudication .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Patients were assessed for incidence , extent , and severity of ovarian adhesions at the first-look laparoscopy ( 1LL ) , followed by standard surgical procedure .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Our sample consists of 30 asymptomatic individuals , randomly assigned to one of three groups : the group that was given segmental stabilization training , the group that was given electrical stimulation and the control group that received no treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Glitazones also have direct renal tubular effects increasing sodium reabsorption .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Pindolol was not significantly superior to placebo for augmenting the effects of paroxetine on social anxiety symptoms .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Cancer and advanced adenomas were found , respectively , in 11 and 48 of G-FOBTs and in 24 and 121 of I-FOBTs .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Psychosocial stressors were classified according to life events using the DSM-IV multi-axial diagnostic system .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Forty H. pylori-positive patients with duodenal ulcer were randomized to receive 20 mg omeprazole o.m. or b.d. for 1 month plus 500 mg clarithromycin ( b.d. ) and 200 mg furazolidone ( b.d. ) for 1 week .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Correlations of baseline MPR with Morisky score and SDSCA medication-taking item were strongly significant ( both rho = 0.21 , P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>I understand. I'll keep this in mind.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-06 00:00]\n<User>Please observe these classification examples and their associated labels:\n\nSample: Communities ( n = 18 ) were randomised into clusters matched by poverty indicators ( 9 intervention , n = 160 and 9 controls , n = 140 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Primary endpoints were superiority of each active treatment compared to placebo in HbA ( 1c ) at week 16 , and non-inferiority between active agents in HbA ( 1c ) at week 28 , based on a -0.45 % margin .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After 12 weeks of intervention , postprandial FMD was significantly improved in the acarbose group compared with the control group ( 6.8 + / - 1.3 % vs 5.2 + / - 1.1 % , p = 0.0022 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were statistical differences in the levels of serum aldosterone and PICP after treatment between the two groups ( t values were 2.872 and 3.054 , respectively , p < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Secondary objectives were to determine the minimum number of EP raters needed for the BEEM rater scale to achieve acceptable reliability and to compare performance of the scale against a previously published evidence rating system , the McMaster Online Rating of Evidence ( MORE ) , in an EP population .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Desmopressin is usually administered intranasally in the treatment of central diabetes insipidus or nocturnal enuresis .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: FIR therapy improves Qa and patency of AVF in HD patients , with the best protective effect in those with S/S genotype of HO-1 .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A prospective randomized study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: They were excluded from the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: All data were integrated and analyzed at the COMS Coordinating Center .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Neonates of CD had significantly higher levels of MDA and pO ( 2 ) and lower glutathione levels than VD .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This double-blind study was undertaken to determine whether a 2-week course of oral itraconazole would produce statistically significant clinical and mycologic improvement in the treatment of tinea corporis , tinea cruris , or both , over the results obtained with placebo .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: This is a protocol study for a parallel randomised controlled clinical trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients who received GH + Gln + diet showed the greatest reductions ( 7.7 + / - 3.2 L/wk ; 5751 + / - 2082 calories/wk ; 4 + / - 1 infusions/wk , P < 0.001 versus Gln + diet ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After 2 years , both atenolol ( 18 % + / - 5 % vs 36 % + / - 18 % , p < 0.05 ) and placebo ( 18 % + / - 5 % vs 23 % + / - 5 % , p < 0.05 ) increased LVEF , with a more pronounced effect of atenolol ( p = 0.02 ) , which also changed NYHA class distribution more favorably over time ( p < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This was a prospective , multicenter , randomized trial comparing DEB with EES in patients with bare-metal stents ( BMS ) in-stent restenosis ( ISR ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Younger age and higher KPS were associated with longer survival .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No clinically relevant dermal absorption , with respect to ethanol and 1-propanol , could be observed within 1 h after application .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Forty-five patients with acute onset of severe hemispheric stroke and without signs of major cerebral infarction on early CT scans were randomized by order of admission .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The study variables were duration of surgery and of hospitalization and surgical and postoperative complications .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Compared with the control group , broilers supplemented with albusin B or nosiheptide showed increased mRNA expression of sGLT1 , GLUT2 and PEPT1 in the jejunum ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT01339312 ) .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Hospital-based studies from developing and developed countries and intestinal perfusion studies suggest a beneficial effect on water and sodium absorption with reduced osmolarity ORS as compared with standard ORS .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The increases were significant compared with placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Subjects 10-17 years of age with a manic or mixed episode associated with bipolar I disorder participated in a 4 week , randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled multicenter trial ( RCT ) followed by a 26 week open-label extension study ( OLE ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The 13.3 mg/24 h rivastigmine patch significantly reduced deterioration in IADL , compared with the 9.5 mg/24 h patch , and was well tolerated .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients had standard cataract surgery with implantation of the same IOL in both eyes .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Data on blood pressure , medication , and incident heart failure ( treated outside hospital , hospitalized , or fatal ) from February 1994 through December 1999 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A substudy of LARGO measured UPDRS motor scores in the practically defined OFF state in 32 rasagiline , 36 entacapone , and 37 placebo patients .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Three questions from the Appetite and Diet Assessment Tool ( ADAT ) were used to determine whether appetite had changed over time in the randomized treatment groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Assessments were completed at baseline and after four months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Compared to the quartile with the lowest aPWV , subjects in the highest quartile were older , had higher systolic blood pressure ( SBP ) , were more likely to be current smokers , and had greater burden of thoracic aortic calcification .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The incidence of nonsuicide mortality within 1 year of initiating pharmacotherapy was 0.91 for ziprasidone ( N = 9,077 ) and 0.90 for olanzapine ( N = 9,077 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: All patients were asked to complete the RAND-36 before surgery and 6 weeks after surgery and to keep a diary for the first 6 weeks after surgery .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A cost-effectiveness analysis will be conducted to compare the relative use of resources by each model .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Understood. I'll keep these facts for future reference.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-07 00:00]\n<User>Please study these classification instances and their labels:\n\nSample: Mean ( standard deviation ) intraocular pressure ( IOP ) at baseline for the eyes with better versus worse mean deviation ( MD ) was 18.9 ( 4.1 ) and 19.9 ( 4.7 ) mmHg , respectively ( P = 0.0053 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At mean follow-up of 4.6 years , we detected the primary endpoint in 262 ( 2.8 % ) patients in the EPA group and 324 ( 3.5 % ) in controls-a 19 % relative reduction in major coronary events ( p = 0.011 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Vegetable consumption among preschool children is below recommended levels .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Surgical site infection ( SSI ) is a common complication following ileostomy closure with a frequency of up to 40 % .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Nausea was more intense at the 6th hour in the GA group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was no incidence of anaphylactic reaction to AScVS .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The Children and Infants Postoperative Pain Scale scoring at the first hour was significantly lower in Group LS than in Group L. No significant differences were found between the two groups for pain scores at two , three , 4 , 5 , 6 , 9 , 12 , and 24 hours .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: min ) euglycemic clamp on 2 separate days .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This exploratory study was the first study of remimazolam in patients to assess the safety and efficacy of different single doses for procedural sedation .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Further studies are required to draw final conclusions on the efficacy of this drug in premature ejaculation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The other 6 dogs received furosemide ( 2.0 mg/kg , PO , q 12 h ) and pimobendan ( 0.6 mg/kg , PO , q 12 h ) for 10 days .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Three different doses of spinal bupivacaine in combination with or without fentanyl for surgical repair of hip fracture were used .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To test the effects of sequential application of potassium oxalate gel/adhesive agent on in vitro dentin permeability .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: After the onset of local anesthesia , the experimental groups received dexamethasone at 2 different doses ( 4 or 8 mg ) as submucosal injection , and the control group received no drug .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At baseline , all SF-36 domain scores except bodily pain were significantly lower ( p < .05 ) than normal values in all groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Neither directly addressed pain management .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: On day 1 , vaccinated and nonvaccinated foals were challenged via nasogastric intubation with a virulent heterologous isolate of L intracellularis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Fundoplication anastomosis during esophagectomy is effective in protecting patients from reflux symptoms after esophagectomy and improves quality of life , particularly with regard to sleep disturbance .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: They received 200 mg of troglitazone with optional titration to 400 mg , and insulin dose was adjusted based on investigators ' standards of care .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In addition to evaluating the impact of clinical presentation ( manic vs. mixed episodes ) on baseline HRQoL , the impact of treatment intervention on HRQoL was assessed via analysis of covariance models at study endpoint , with center and treatment-by-diagnosis interaction as fixed effect and baseline score as covariates .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Mortality rates in both groups were calculated and tissue biochemical signs of cerebral ischaemia were analysed using CM .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Significant mitral regurgitation ( grade > or = 3 ) recurred in 23 patients ( Carpentier ring group , 8 ; Duran ring group , 15 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We determined whether the clinical benefit was associated with improvements in hepatic function .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Loss of an implant was considered a failure .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The final examination revealed a statistically significant difference between the two groups for the VAS mental health and quality of life , as also for SIS Mood at the telephone interview in week 2 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Clinical evaluations were performed immediately pretreatment ( baseline ) and at 3 and 6 months post-treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Anxiety was assessed with a clinician-rated visual analog scale and plasma hormone levels were measured .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Group-2 dogs received butorphanol just prior to surgery ( 0.2 mg/kg , IV ) and at incision closure ( 0.1 mg/kg , IV ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The endothelium-dependent and - independent dilatation improved in the treated group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the present substudy we evaluated the different doses of ximelagatran on pharmacokinetics as measured by plasma concentration of the active compound melagatran and activated partial thromboplastin time ( APTT ) and pharmacodynamics as related by markers for coagulation activity , prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 ( F1 + 2 ) and D-dimer .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Seven strokes occurred in the perioperative period .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Two open studies in healthy volunteers were conducted to determine the absolute bioavailability and metabolic disposition of zolmitriptan ( 311C90 ) , a novel 5HT1D agonist for the acute treatment of migraine .\n\nLabels: 3\n<Assistant>Great! I've added this to my knowledge base.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-08 00:00]\n<User>The following are classification examples with their corresponding labels:\n\nSample: Patients found preparation with sodium phosphate-bisacodyl to be easier than PEG-ES lavage ( p = 0.005 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Treatment seeking outpatients with more or less prior treatment episodes were randomized to receive either prize-based incentives plus treatment as usual ( TAU ) or TAU alone .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The meta-analysis , including 6 studies and 4,362 individuals , found that CR was significantly increased in individuals with CVD .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Predefined periprocedural complications included hypoxemia , hypotension , bleeding , need for airway insertion , mechanical ventilation , intensive care unit transfer and death .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Pathological secretion by tumours promotes growth and metastasis .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: After the primary end point of the study at 8 weeks , 20 patients in the dexamethasone group died and 23 patients in the placebo group died ( log-rank p = 0.27 ) , with age being the sole predictor of death ( p < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Hypofractionated radiotherapy potentially offers therapeutic gain for prostate cancer .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The correlation between predicted and observed results was .97 , and the proportion of squared error explained ( R2 ) was .92 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No differences were found between the naltrexone and placebo conditions in any of the measures of children or parents ' communication .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Proportional weight loss was significantly related to reductions in total cholesterol and 24-hour ambulatory heart rate .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The difference was significant P < 0.01 between misoprostol group and oxytocin group , there was no differences between misoprostol group and misoprostol plus oxytocin group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The main toxicity of carboplatin was nausea and vomiting , but this was easier to control than that with cisplatin .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Six months later , patients who saw resident physicians in the intervention group had fewer drinks per drinking day ( adjusted mean number of drinks , 3.8 [ CI , 1.9 to 5.7 ] versus 11.6 [ CI , 5.4 to 17.7 ] ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Level II , lesser-quality randomized controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Troponin T ( TnT ) measurements and electrocardiographic ( ECG ) recordings were performed at admission , before operation , and on the first and 2nd postoperative days , which were used for diagnosis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Surgical resection alone is regarded as the standard of care for patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer , but relapse is common .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The proportion of primary care patients with back pain who have poor outcomes appears to be higher than generally recognized .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The intervention included a playful physical activity program and lessons on nutrition , media use and sleeps .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Multiple regression analysis showed that addition of acarbose to exercise improved glycemic control .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Children who were treated with GH gained more height and weight than children who were untreated and developed a less adipose body composition ( all P < .0001 ) , as expected .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The 12-month rates of objectively assessed success of treatment for stress incontinence with the retropubic and transobturator approaches met the prespecified criteria for equivalence ; the rates of subjectively assessed success were similar between groups but did not meet the criteria for equivalence .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A novel observation was that person-to-person differences in habitual physical activity and magnitude of weight loss were accompanied by unique blood metabolite signatures .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We performed conventional LASIK in one eye ( Group 1 ) and wavefront-guided customized ablation in the other eye ( Group 2 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The compliance rate for concurrent and adjuvant chemotherapy was 71 % and 80 % , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Group A : Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus , in combination with phosphoric acid , and Z100 as a restorative material .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The study involved a randomized controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Using Doppler ultrasound , we examined portal and mesenteric blood flow and measured plasma glucagon levels at regular intervals within a 4-hour period under fasting conditions .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The medication compliance of 77 homeless persons who had been referred to an assertive community treatment program was prospectively evaluated at baseline and quarterly for 1 year .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: ClinicalTrials.gov : NCT01195675 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Electronic surveillance data were used in an audit and feedback intervention for frontline nurses to reduce IUC duration .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Rifampin decreased the AUC of ropivacaine in nonsmokers by 52 % and in smokers by 38 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A weak correlation between the activities of these tracers was observed ( r ( 2 ) = 0.174 , P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The difference in rates of infection in both groups was of interest but not statistically significant ( P > .05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Serious adverse events occurred in 4 percent , 6 percent , and 2 percent of patients receiving peginterferon alfa-2a monotherapy , combination therapy , and lamivudine monotherapy , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Length of operative procedures and blood replacement requirements for both groups were similar .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This parallel group study compared efficacy , tolerability and safety of sodium cromoglycate 2 % with nedocromil sodium 2 % , administered as one drop per eye four times daily for a period of 5 months .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This can be achieved by using a systemic product that will control the release of the mediators of the inflammation and stimulate tear production .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: After 1 year , the reference value of healthy women was reached in both groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thank you for sharing. I've noted this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-09 00:00]\n<User>Please learn from these labeled classification instances:\n\nSample: The reduction in the average number of errors per screw after a single session of simulation training was 53.7 % ( P = 0.0067 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A combination of high-dose IFN with ribavirin induces a short-lasting complete response in about one-third of IFN-non-responders .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Study participants completed preintervention and postintervention surveys about preventive health beliefs .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: By contrast , aerobic exercise did not improve fasting glucose or insulin concentrations or glucose responses during the OGTT but decreased insulin areas by 17 % ( P < .001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: American Society of Anesthesiologists > 2 , body mass index > 35kg/m ( 2 ) , hiatal hernia > 2cm , and esophageal motility disorders were exclusion criteria .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Five hundred seventy-eight women with SUI were studied , of whom 268 ( 46 % ) had discordant findings .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Among these patients , 10 patients were performed percutaneous coronary autologous BMCs transplantation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Seventy per cent of the children had no convulsions during the study period .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale ( LSAS ) total score was the primary efficacy variable .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Stepwise forward multiple linear regression analyses were used to identify significant independent predictors of six month HRQoL .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of the atopy patch test ( APT ) with regard to late-phase reactions observed in double-blind , placebo-controlled food challenges with cow 's milk , hen 's egg , wheat , and soybean .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Patients were treated with compression bandaging alone or compression plus superficial venous surgery .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The largest effect was in the detection of calcification ( 52 % vs. 63 % at 16:1 compression vs. original images , P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: p < 0.05 was considered as indicative of significance .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Psoriasis is a chronic , inflammatory , immune-mediated disease that has a significant impact on patients ' HRQOL .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: There was no statistical significance between the two groups ( p = 0.629 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: BAPFMT was more effective than PFMT .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: All patients received three initial monthly ranibizumab injections followed by PRN regimen .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The majority of the participants were female ( 81.6 % ) , in the age group ranged between 30-39 years ( 44 % ) , Malay ( 90.1 % ) , married ( 89.7 % ) , degree holders ( 85.1 % ) , with monthly income ranged between 3000-3999 Ringgit Malaysia ( 33.5 % ) , from urban areas ( 94.7 % ) , their specialty is social studies ( 33.9 % ) and with no family history of cancer ( 83.6 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The postoperative length of stay ( p < 0.001 ) and expense ( p < 0.001 ) for the ERAS group were reduced in comparison to the controls .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Dose-corrected AUC ( AUC/dose x 1000 ) for labetalol 's stereoisomers in women and men , respectively , were S,R-labetalol 7.55 + / - 1.47 and 4.83 + / - 1.54 hr/L ( p < 0.05 ) , S,S-labetalol 8.23 + / - 2.93 and 4.65 + / - 1.78 hr/L ( p < 0.05 ) , R,S-labetalol 6.99 + / - 3.30 and 4.25 + / - 2.35 hr/L ( p = 0.11 ) , and R,R-labetalol 3.91 + / - 2.57 and 3.55 + / - 3.08 hr/L ( NS ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The proportion of subjects with a clinically significant erythema score was higher with the 12.5-cm ( 2 ) patch .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: For the E/A ratio , however , 41 and 48 % of the variance were explained for men and women , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The genotype distribution of the 263C > T ( P = 0.5 ) and 1976C > T ( P = 0.8 ) polymorphisms was not significantly different between patients and controls .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The patients desaturated considerably during both walking tests but the average drop in oxygen saturation was 1.2 % less when spontaneous pursed lips breathing was employed .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Immediately after the third exercise bout , significant decreases for C-reactive protein ( CRP ) , and plasma interleukin 6 ( IL-6 ) and interleukin 10 ( IL-10 ) were measured in Q-EGCG compared with P. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and CRP were reduced in Q-EGCG 14 h after exercise .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Noted. I'll remember these details.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-10 00:00]\n<User>Here are some classification examples to learn from. Please pay attention to the labels:\n\nSample: The Confusion Assessment Method ( CAM ) is an easy , four-step algorithmic diagnostic test developed to detect delirium .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Related outcome measures included mean weekly number of binge days and binge frequency , as well as mean weekly number of purge days and purge frequency .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Plaques with IPH had increased LRNC volume per year ( 62.9 mm ( 3 ) 46.2 vs -8.8 mm ( 3 ) 29.9 , P < .001 ) and percentage per year ( 3.67 % 1.85 % vs -2.03 % 6.30 % , P = .126 ) compared with those without IPH .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Nonetheless , drawbacks of such preparation include nasty flavor , large volumes and low availability in our country .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Nurses rated pain control better with morphine ( p < 0.03 ) , but the tolerability of tramadol was judged superior ( p < 0.002 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Nine non-smoking , atopic , asthmatic men with dual asthmatic responses to inhaled house-dust mite extract participated in a double-blind , placebo-controlled , cross-over study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The elimination rate of postprandial fullness in the acotiamide 100 mg group was significantly higher compared to placebo group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: During the open-label extension period , this improvement was sustained among patients originally assigned to the neurostimulation group , and patients in the sham-stimulation group had a similar benefit when they switched to active treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were randomized to oxcarbazepine or placebo , double-blind , for 10 weeks , at a variable dose increasing to 1200 mg/d if tolerated and to 2400 mg/d if aggression persisted .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: As a result of higher cross-over rates , a first-line transulnar strategy was proven inferior to the transradial approach for coronary procedures .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Participants in the Physicians ' Health Study of 22,071 men aged 40 to 84 years in 1982 completed annual questionnaires that provided medical history including self-reported blood pressure , treatment for hypertension , and cataract .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Bacterial pathogens were isolated in vaginal secretions of 84/90 ( 93 % ) girls .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare changes in vital signs across surgical stages between the 2 groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The primary end point was moderate or severe angiographic vasospasm based on centrally read , blinded evaluation of digital subtraction angiography at baseline and 7 to 11 days postsubarachnoid hemorrhage .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Between December 2008 and September 2012 , 105 centers in the UK recruited 2,876 immobile stroke patients within the first 3 days of their hospital admission .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Outcome measures included self-reported food craving immediately after the stimulation session and frequency of bingeing over a 24-hour follow-up period .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A population pharmacodynamic model was developed with the NONMEM program .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Plaques were scored from near and far walls of the 12 sites ( 0 = none ; 1 = minimal ; 2 = moderate ; 3 = severe ) and plaque scores ( PS ) were combined into two summary measures for each examination .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 904-nm low-level laser therapy ( LLLT ) in the management of lateral epicondylitis .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: One hundred forty-nine were randomized to pessary , and 146 to behavioral therapy .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were no adverse events associated with the Botox injections .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The primary outcome measure was area under the curve and the t-test was used for statistical analysis with level of statistical significance of 5 % .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Infusions were started 30 min before and continued throughout a 120-min euglycemic ( 5.6 mm ) hyperinsulinemic ( 40 mU/m ( 2 ) min ) clamp .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: During the 6-week recruitment period , 57 children from 28 states satisfied all eligibility criteria and were randomly assigned to 1.3 grams of omega-3 fatty acids or an identical placebo daily for 6 weeks .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Physical exercises can reduce menopausal symptoms and enhance HRQOL , independent of whether hormone therapy is taken .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This was a double-blinded study that included 100 patients who required extraction of 1 upper molar by the conventional method and were allocated randomly into 1 of 2 groups : in group A ( n = 50 ) , each patient received an initial dose of drug A ( tramadol HCl 50 mg and adrenalin 0.0225 mg diluted to 1.8 mL by distilled water ) ; in group B ( n = 50 ) , each patient received an initial dose of drug B ( tramadol HCl 50 mg diluted to 1.8 mL by distilled water ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Deramciclane 30 mg was given intravenously and orally as a tablet and as solution in an open , randomised , crossover three-period trial to 12 healthy male volunteers .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The risk of recurrent infection was significantly higher in patients treated with quinine ( 70 % , 74/110 , HR = 39 ; 95 % CI : 24-67 , p < 00001 ) and AL ( 60 % , 21/35 , HR = 33 ; 95 % CI : 18-63 , p < 00002 ) , compared to DHAPQ ( 25 % , 18/72 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Only RT treatment completion ( P < .0001 ) and induction or consolidation plus concomitant treatment completion ( P < .0001 ) were associated with longer survival .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: It did not alter pain thresholds , nor were cortical evoked potentials to painful stimulation altered in normal subjects .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Pain was recorded on a visual analog scale ( VAS ) , and function was assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index ( WOMAC ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A systematic care program for bipolar disorder significantly reduces risk of mania over 12 months .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: DAS28 , functionality Health Assessment Questionnaire ( HAQ ) , adverse events , DMARD changes and steroid use were registered 4-monthly for 2 yrs .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Anastomosis Ring ( B.A.R. ) is more convenient and advisable in reconstructive urologic surgery , for their quickness , effectiveness and final total cost .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Moderate to severe dysuria was reported by 53 patients ( 88 % ) in group 1 and 11 patients ( 18 % ) in group 2 ( P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Histamine levels > 1 ng/ml were significantly associated with hypotension , moderate-to-severe rash , and stopped infusion .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Sure I will remember them."]
[{"question": "Sentence: The patients were treated with cervical fixed-point traction manipulation ( treatment group ) or cervical computer traction ( control group ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was less angina in the PCI group through early in follow-up ; by 3 years , the between group difference was consistently < 4 patients per 100 treated and not significantly different , although there was a trend toward less angina in the PCI group at 3 and 5 years .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: MTS was acceptable to all age groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: In a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled crossover study we used the hand vein compliance method to evaluate the inhibition of the response to substance P by R116301 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Many submaximal tests have been developed on traditional exercise equipment , such as the treadmill and the cycle ergometer , but are not available for newer equipment such as an all-extremity ergometer .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: A diagnosis with bronchoscopy was established in 105 ( 72.4 % ) patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Plasma HIV-RNA PR and RT sequences were determined in 27 failing patients ( d4T/3TC/IDV n = 11 ; AZT/3TC/IDV n = 16 ) at baseline and at time to failure .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Group 2 ( 357 patients ) underwent electrocardiogram-gated SWL ( no simulator ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The median ERCC1 mRNA level from 38 primary gastric cancers ( 33 assessable for response ) was 5.8 x 10 ( -3 ) ( range , 1.8 x 10 ( -3 ) to 19.5 x 10 ( -3 ) ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients were randomized to receive either 5 g of metronidazole gel intravaginally or matching placebo before the initiation of the cesarean .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Two-year mortality was significantly higher in patients with LF compared with those with normal stroke volume index ( 47 % versus 34 % ; hazard ratio , 1.5 ; 95 % confidence interval , 1.25-1 .89 ; P = 0.006 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Owing to the withdrawal of productivity losses from the NHS perspective , LWM causes higher incremental costs ( 13.09 ) and an inferior incremental effect ( -0.00093 ) , resulting in a dominance of HWM over LWM ( ICER 95 % CI -12,382 to -21,590 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Yuanluo Tongjing needling method can improve memory ability of the patient of mild cognitive impairment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: It is suggested that the program be incorporated as a part of daily activities for nursing home older adults in wheelchairs .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was no significant difference in exercise distance and dyspnea scores with HFTTO as compared with HFNP and LFTTO versus LFNP .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: This phase III study compared efficacy and safety of topotecan-cisplatin ( TP ) versus topotecan-etoposide ( TE ) versus cisplatin-etoposide ( PE ) in chemo-nave extensive disease small-cell lung cancer patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The nylon catheter was most resistant to adhesion of fibrinous material .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Between the three groups , no statistically significant difference in pain intensity was detected ( p = .960 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: There were also no significant differences in the cumulative probability of developing lower or upper respiratory tract infection through the first year of life .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: They comprise pain and bleeding related to the large bone exposed , injuries to the cluneal nerve , and sacroiliac instability .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Secondary outcomes , assessed by either linear or logistic regression models , demonstrated important differences favouring the intervention group , at 3months for : Anxiety , angina misconceptions and for exercise report ; and at 6months for : anxiety ; depression ; and angina misconceptions .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The unaltered systolic pulmonary venous flow velocity compared with the decrease in the control group after volume loading further supports preservation of left atrial reservoir function with enoximone in the absence of evidence for decreased LV stiffness .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: All subjects successfully completed the trial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The highest dose group received a second dose of vaccine or placebo 56 days after the first .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number : ISRCTN89673828 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The diets were followed by an ad libitum phase of 2.5 d , during which a large array of food items was available , and protein and energy intakes were measured .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Higher VZV CMI at HZ onset was associated with reduced HZ severity and less postherpetic neuralgia .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Reactogenicity events were monitored for 11 days after each dose .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A total of 192 patients were enrolled into a six-month , prospective , open-label , controlled clinical study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The study was performed in a three-way cross-over double-blind design .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: prospective open randomised treatment study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This anti-proteinuric effect was even greater after 9 months of therapy : losartan , 44.2 % ( p = 0.02 ) ; enalapril , 49.6 % ( p = 0.02 ) ; and combined therapy , 51 % ( p = 0.003 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Compared with the control group , at the time points from T3 to T5 , MDA and cTnL were lower apparently in the observation group as compared with those in the control group ( all P < 0.05 ) and SOD was higher than that in the control group ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The primary efficacy outcome was the composite of deep-vein thrombosis ( symptomatic or asymptomatic detected by mandatory , bilateral venography ) , non-fatal pulmonary embolism , and all-cause mortality up to day 30-42 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Thirty-three patients with pulmonary hypertension and left ventricular dysfunction or valvular heart disease were recruited by convenience .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Forty-five patients undergoing anterior resection for rectal or sigmoid cancer were randomized to receive 30 or 80 per cent perioperative oxygen .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Cerebrospinal fluid values revealed a statistically significant drop in 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol ( 51 % ) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid ( 17 % ) levels , and there was a significant lowering of systolic blood pressure on standing ( 15 % ) , but these changes were not accompanied by clinical side effects .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: ACTIVE was a multisite RCT ( age > or = 65 ) , with 4 groups ( memory , reasoning , speed of processing , and no-contact control ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Nonspecific esophageal motility disorder ( NEMD ) represents a difficult therapeutic challenge because of the heterogeneous nature of the esophageal motor functions .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Twenty-two patients were recruited and randomized into three groups : AT ( 70 % of maximum heart rate ) , ST ( 80 % of one repetition maximum ) , and physiotherapy ( in groups ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Both drugs appeared to have significant therapeutic effects in patients with PD , but CMI appeared to be more effective .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Buccal mucosal cell phospholipids are feasible for use as a noninvasive marker for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid status in preterm infants and yield reliable results .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Plasma retinol and total carotene , medication use and various lifestyle factors were measured at annual clinic visits .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Adverse events ( AEs ) were recorded throughout the study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Test retest reliability was excellent in the telephone mode ( 0.90-0 .99 ) except emotion ( 0.68 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Statin therapy in patients with PBC appears safe and effective towards overall reductions in total cholesterol and LDL levels .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Mean total and unbound vismodegib steady-state concentrations were lower after TIW and QW than QD dosing , with an average intrasubject decrease of 50 % and 80 % , respectively , for unbound drug .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: To study the therapeutic efficacy and safety of Ginkgo special extract EGb 761 in the treatment of cognitive and non-cognitive symptoms ( anxiety , depression , sleep disorders , activity ) in patients with discirculatory encephalopathy ( DE ) and cognitive impairment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The odds for long-lasting neck pain were more than twice as high for women than for men ( OR = 2.17 ( 95 % CI : 1.40 ; 3.37 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Among women with elevated risk of breast cancer , smoking has an even greater impact on breast cancer risk than observed in past studies in the general population .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: An intervention booklet was developed following a qualitative study of women 's information needs ; placebo material was 2 leaflets about childproofing the house .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: In 10 patients , no special precautions were taken to avoid hypothermia .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Identical test meals were provided at breakfast and lunch .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Values were significantly higher in treated joints on days 2 , 3 , 15 and 16 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The modified Mathew Scale and modified Barthel Index scores at 1 month and 3 months were also studied as secondary outcome measures .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: In this study , we sought to compare the effects of the slow and accelerated protocols on pain and functional activity level after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , the frequency of PDPH after 3-7 days was statistically higher in group C in compared with group S ( 16 vs. 2 % , P = 0.03 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: A different pattern of activation was observed in response to an auditory task .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Both groups were initially tested for estimated VO ( 2max ) , heart rate , blood pressure , leg extension peak torque , anxiety and depression levels , as well as biochemical and haematological values .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Our aim was to compare the effects of long multidisciplinary group education with a short nurse-based group education with regard to symptoms , knowledge , quality of life , and satisfaction with the intervention in IBS patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Clopidogrel resinate is a resinate complex of ( + ) - clopidogrel optical isomer , wherein the ( + ) - clopidogrel isomer binds to a water-soluble cation exchange resin via sulfonic acid groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Secondary objectives included overall survival ( OS ) , response rates , duration of response and quality of life .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Volunteers were randomly assigned to two groups : 50 participants ate 300 g tomatoes daily for 1 month , and 53 participants ate their usual diet with tomatoes prohibited during that period .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Randomized study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The phagocytic activity of monocytes and granulocytes was significantly increased in healthy subjects after probiotic intervention ( P = 0.014 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Forty-five extracted human premolar teeth were randomly assigned to three groups of 15 each .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Seventy-seven ( 87.5 % ) mifepristone-treated women and 46 ( 70.8 % ) placebo-treated women delivered vaginally 48 hours after the start of treatment ( P = .01 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The interaction between grapefruit juice and felodipine appears to be already fully developed after the first glass of grapefruit juice , as the change in pharmacokinetics in comparison with the control experiment is similar on day 1 and on day 14 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Reliability and factor analysis of the EMQ-28 identified two main factors , general memory and attentional function , showing some concordance with previous research .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Mean difference ( 95 % CI ) at 8 weeks was 355 ( -835 , 1544 ) PU.time .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , survival of patients with FN SLN is not statistically worse than that of patients with TP SLN .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: If additional insemination cycles were required , the clients used the method opposite their previous method of insemination until pregnancy was achieved .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: For the Ajust group the objective cure rate was 84.7 % , the improvement rate was 4.7 % , 10.6 % of patients showed no change in their symptoms and the subjective cure rate was 81.2 % .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: This was a multi-center , randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled clinical trial in which 204 postmenopausal Chinese women with osteoporosis were assigned to receive raloxifene ( 60 mg ) or placebo treatment daily for 12 months .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The intervention system was able to generate a total of 1040 unique letters with normative feedback only , and almost half a million unique letters with normative and ipsative feedback .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , the study recruited a smaller-than-planned number of patients and included 7.7 % ineligible patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Between the active therapy there were 3-month wash-out periods .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: There were no implant losses or reoperations and complications were comparable in the 2 groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Further rigorous study is warranted to determine effects of guided imagery on maternal blood pressure and perinatal health outcomes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Combined radiation therapy and chemotherapy after surgery , compared with postsurgical radiation therapy alone , has been shown to improve disease-free survival and overall survival significantly among patients with poor-prognosis ( i.e. , advanced stage disease or metastasis to regional lymph nodes ) resectable rectal cancer .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Lack of easy access to inflammatory bowel disease ( IBD ) clinics , patients ' education and understanding of the importance of early treatment at relapse is leading to poor compliance .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The control group did not present any significant alterations in any of the parameters assessed .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In a randomised , controlled , cross-over study gastric emptying and oro-caecal transit time were studied in 12 healthy volunteers , using applied potential tomography and lactulose hydrogen breath test , respectively .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Twenty-four adult patients with stable asthma taking beta ( 2 ) - agonists , inhaled corticosteroids , or both received treatment with zafirlukast ( 20 mg and 80 mg ) and placebo .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients treated with CP had a median survival of 13.8 months compared with 15.4 months for patients treated with M-VAC .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Six months after the treatment , the average PPD , CAL and mBI levels were further reduced in the experiment group , but not in the control group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: At the last measurement , mean ( SD ) height was 150.7 ( 4.9 ) cm in group 1 and 148.5 ( 5.1 ) cm in group 2 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In allergic asthma , nedocromil can be used only as a preventive treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Of the 46 patients , 37 ( 80 % ) were available at the 24-month follow-up .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Each lot was well-tolerated , and there were no significant group differences between consistency lots in the proportion of children with fever and local or systemic reactions after vaccination .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Accuracy from the resulting modified sensor used by only 14 children was significantly better than the original version [ median relative absolute difference ( RAD ) , 11 % vs. 19 % ; P < 0.001 ] .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Dietary counseling initiated in infancy and maintained until 20 years of age was associated with improved insulin sensitivity in adolescents .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Prospective , controlled , blinded , single-centre clinical trial using a bag-valve device and one of two FR-300 devices , with 20 cmH2O working pressure , and flows of either 24 or 30 L min ( -1 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: In this 4-week , double-blind , placebo-controlled study , 947 NERD patients randomly received dexlansoprazole MR 30 mg , 60 mg or placebo once daily ( QD ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: After the completion of the treatment course , the negative sputum conversion rate in V+D+M treatment protocol group was 84 % , significantly higher than that in the control group ( 42 % ) ; the former group showed a focal absorption rate and pulmonary cavity closure rate of 83 % and 66 % , which were 33 % and 26 % respectively in the latter .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: During this study the time duration of operation was measured , the duration of application of hem-o-lok and endo-loop , postoperative analgesia , the duration of hospitalization , intra-operative complications , anatomic position of appendix , appendicitis , and postoperative complications .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Multicenter , double-blind , randomized , parallel , placebo-controlled trial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Signal abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) of the brain were a strong indication of risk for the development of definite multiple sclerosis ( adjusted rate ratio in patients with three or more lesions , 5.53 ; 95 percent confidence interval , 2.41 to 12.66 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Hot beverages ( mate ) and hot foods ( boiled meat ) appear to be important determinants in the risk of OESCC , allowing the penetration of carcinogens in tobacco and alcohol into the oesophageal mucosa .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Group 3 : FDBA / - TCP/PRP/collagen plug .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}]