["[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-01 00:00]\n<User>These are labeled examples for classification tasks:\n\nSample: Hyperglycemia requiring insulin therapy occurred only in the PDEX group ( 10/37 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the ICS group exercise Pao ( 2 ) was significantly increased after treatment ( 84.8 to 93.8 mm Hg ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The total effective rate was 84 % in the NAC group and 72 % in the GSH group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We measured renal blood flow ( RBF ) and cardiac output by the thermodilution method using fluoroscopically guided catheters .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The MECC System is safe and allows aortic valve replacement under the most favorable conditions .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The combination of dexamethasone and midazolam was better than dexamethasone alone in reducing the incidence of vomiting and the rescue antiemetic requirements in women patients undergoing middle ear surgery .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We observed an increase in serum creatinine level to a peak of 1.9 mg/dL ( range , 0.8 to 7.8 ) in the dopamine group , in comparison to 1.4 mg/dL ( range , 0.9 to 3.3 ) in the placebo group ( P = .04 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Compared to the randomized cohort , these patients had more complex CAD ( SYNTAX score 34 vs 26 , p = 0.003 ) with significantly more chronic coronary vessel occlusion ( 70.8 % vs 22.5 % , p = 0.04 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Training in spirometry did not result in any measurable improvement in the use of spirometry , quality of management of asthma or patient outcomes in primary care .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography were used for quantification of LV function at baseline and at follow-up .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients taking AUR alone had a slower onset of response than did patients taking MTX alone or in combination .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Neurocognitive tests are a relatively sensitive measure of brain functioning ; a combination of tumor prognostic variables and brain function assessments seems to predict survival better than tumor variables alone .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Altogether 339 ( 67 % ) patients completed the intervention .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A formulation which results in fast absorption might be useful in the episodic treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia ( SVT ) , atrial fibrillation ( Afib ) or atrial flutter ( Afl ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Infections were classified as `` possible '' if only clinical signs were present without purulent discharge or microbiologic confirmation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Numerous contextual and demographic variables were associated with higher initial cessation rates and/or decreased lapse risk at 6 months post-quit ( e.g. , ethnicity , gender , marital status , education , smoking in the workplace , number of smokers in the social network , and number of supportive others ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To characterize patients benefiting from prophylaxis with low-molecular heparin , the 445 patients allocated to enoxaparin were investigated .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: On-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients preconditioned with HBO had significant decreases in S100B protein , neuron-specific enolase , and troponin I perioperative serum levels compared with the on-pump control group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The equally dosed ( atypical dietary ratio ) Zx plus L group fared worse in terms of raising MPOD , presumably because of duodenal , hepatic-lipoprotein or retinal carotenoid competition .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There were no statistically significant differences between the mean distress scores for the bupivacaine and sterile water groups preoperatively , postoperatively or 15 min postoperatively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To assess long-term functional and radiologic results after two types of syndesmosis fixation , comparing one quadricortical syndesmotic screw fixation with two tricortical screw fixation in ankle fractures .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: This may be partly attributed to the use of fixed non-weight-adjusted dosing in heavier patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Scans were performed , on average , 3.0 years post-trial for the CEE + MPA trial and 1.4 years post-trial for the CEE-Alone trial ; average on-trial follow-up intervals were 4.0 years for CEE + MPA and 5.6 years for CEE-Alone .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Measurements were performed by a blind and calibrated examiner .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Radiotherapy is an effective treatment option for the management of achillodynia .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The median bacterial counts in trachea were 6.6 Log10 CFU/ml ( interquartile range , IQR , 4.4-8 .3 ) in patients who received continuous suctioning and 5.1 Log10 CFU/ml ( IQR 3.6-5 .5 ) in control patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous diltiazem were determined in 32 patients with atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter ( mean + / - SD age , 66 + / - 7 years ; mean baseline heart rate , 131 + / - 10 beats per minute ) after 20 mg or 20 mg followed by 25-mg bolus doses and a 10 and 15 mg/hr infusion for 24 hours .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The high proportion of fissures which healed in the placebo group suggests that the definition of `` chronicity '' needs to be reassessed .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: SAMMPRIS results indicate that the benefit of AMM over PTAS is similar in patients on versus off AT at the QE and that failure of AT is not a predictor of increased risk of a primary end point .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To evaluate the effectiveness of a topically applied gel containing essential oils ( menthol and thymol ) and polyphenolic antioxidants ( phloretin and ferulic acid ) for reducing halitosis in dogs .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: A randomised , crossover design was used to compare the effects of a high GI with a low GI breakfast replacement meal .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Both groups showed significant reductions from baseline for all areas at W4 for RMNPI ( p < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Data collection occurred at participants ' places of employment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The specimens were subjected to an increasing palatal force at an angle of 130 degrees to the long axis of the tooth until fracture occurred .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Out of a random sample of 12 934 persons from a general population , 6784 ( 52.5 % ) were included and participated in a health examination in 1999-2001 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All patients were followed up for 1 year with monthly urine cultures .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Prospective , randomized , controlled study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Psychotherapy is effective in treating irritable bowel syndrome , but the effect of relaxation training , a brief psychological group intervention , is not known .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Resting heart rate was reduced by 9 bpm in group 1 and 12 bpm in group 2 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: omega-3 PUFA levels were positively associated with IgA and sCD14 levels , suggesting a relationship between fatty acid status and mucosal immune function .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp test .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Analyses were by intention to treat .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At the end of 6 months there was one more recurrence ( 5 % ) in BI-D group , and the recurrence rates became equal .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 27 American volunteers were randomly divided into three groups : caffeine 300 mg , melatonin 5 mg , and placebo ( lactose capsules ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In both CMPA groups there was a significant increase over basal values in trypsin , chymotrypsin , and lipase concentrations after 6 weeks .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were also evaluated for objective response and toxicity .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: NCT00516074 .\n\nLabels: 0\n<Assistant>Thanks for letting me know. I'll keep track of this.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-02 00:00]\n<User>Here are some classification examples to learn from. Please pay attention to the labels:\n\nSample: Trunk-to-limb fat ratio decreased significantly in both ( P < 0.001 ) compared with PL , as did total cholesterol and non-high-density lipoprotein ( HDL ) cholesterol ( -4.5 % and -7.5 % in DD , -4.3 % and -6.2 % in AD ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: ( ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier : NCT01166841 ) .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients were examined at postoperative days 1 , 3 , 5 , and 7 for healing , instructed to note the amount of analgesics used , and asked to mark the visual analog score of throat pain every day for a week .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Outcomes of systematic reviews have highlighted the importance of investment in family caregiver intervention research .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Patients were randomized into two homogenous groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Sixteen subjects experienced a total of 20 adverse events ( AEs ) during the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Recent studies have shown that the apical negative-pressure irrigation system EndoVac ( Discus Dental ) produces better disinfection and cleanliness at the apical third of root canals than current irrigation methods using positive pressure .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: High-intensity training resulted in marked improvements in exercise capacity in patients with heart failure .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: CBT is likely to be a robust intervention even in more complex and difficult-to-treat patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Therefore , we hypothesized that variability in the functionality of BMCs retrieved from patients with cardiovascular risk factors may partly explain these mixed results .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Patient overall pain assessment , and patient and investigator global assessments were each measured on a 100mm VAS and on a 0 to 4 point Likert scale in a 6-week OA study of rofecoxib vs placebo .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Interferon-alpha treatment has been the treatment of choice for chronic hepatitis with unpredictable results .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of cimetidine and rifampin on the steady-state pharmacokinetics of orally administered dolasetron and its active reduced metabolite , hydrodolasetron .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: To compare the early postoperative course and the 1-year clinical results of off-flap Epi-LASIK and Epi-LASIK for the treatment of low and moderate myopia .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The results do not allow us to determine whether the observed effects are specific to AT or of a nonspecific nature .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: These short-term results must be confirmed in the long-term clinical setting .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The 9 other children were tested only once after receiving their usual insulin dose .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Thirty-three patients with chronic esophageal stricture disease ( mean length of prior treatment , 50.9 months ) were entered into a randomized blinded trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Compared with Exosurf , Infasurf provided more effective therapy for RDS as assessed by significant reductions in the severity of respiratory disease and in the incidence of air leak complications .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: At the second and third dressing removals average pain ( FPS-R and FLACC ) and anxiety scores ( VAS-A ) were at least one point lower when Ditto intervention was received .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Outcome measures were : mean cadence ; moderate-to-vigorous physical activity time accumulated in bouts lasting 10 min ; number of walking breaks ; and duration .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was a reduction in the composite end point overall with eptifibatide compared with placebo ( 14.3 % vs 15.7 % , P = .054 ) but no interaction between smoking status and treatment strategy ( P = .68 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In these trials , 1,242 women who received ospemifene 60 mg/day and 924 women who received placebo were evaluable for safety .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Five studies attempted to address the dose-response issue .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: An immediate and sustained increase in dyspnoea score ( scale 0-4 ; mean difference between groups 0.17 ( 0.04 ) , p < 0.001 ) and in the percentage of disturbed nights ( 6 ( 2 ) percentage points , p < 0.001 ) occurred after withdrawal of fluticasone .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The numerical differences in some AEs observed could be at least in part explained by differences in baseline patient characteristics .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Colesevelam had no effect on any FSIGT measures .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was also a significantly lower mean ( SD ) haemoglobin change in the mattress-warmed group at -1.10.9 g/dL versus -1.60.9 g/dL in the control group ( P = 0.007 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Simulated tadalafil plasma concentrations and comparison with safety and efficacy measures from clinical trials .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Treatment adherence was measured on the basis of the Morisky scale and pill count .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Among adults with a history of self-harm it may be an effective intervention .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A Portex 18/27 or 16/27 needle was inserted at L1-2 or L2-3 with patients sitting upright ; surgery began after the sensory block reached the T6 dermatome .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To preserve infants ' sleep , clinicians should use combinations of non-nutritive sucking , oral sucrose , and facilitated tucking to reduce agitation during painful procedures .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Endothelium-dependent vasodilation , measured by the percent increase in flow induced by acetylcholine infusion , was significantly greater than in controls ( 252 + / -37 % for patients versus 134 + / -24 % for controls ; P < 0.0001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Forty patients undergoing elective off-pump cardiac bypass surgery with high thoracic epidural analgesia and immediate extubation at the end of surgery were randomized into two groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Pharmacokinetic analysis was based on plasma concentrations of tioguanine during 6 h after dosing .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The study was a single-blind , randomised , placebo-controlled , crossover design , balanced for residual effects involving 24 healthy dentate volunteers .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: An economic calculation showed that the intervention was profitable .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The mean estimated gestational age at enrollment was 29.1 + / - 3.1 ( SD ) weeks for inpatients and 29.9 + / - 3.1 weeks for outpatients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: During the follow-up period , conjunctival recurrence ( grade 3 ) developed in 1 ( 2.5 % ) eye in the ECP group , and in 2 ( 5 % ) eyes in the suture group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The occurrence of each complication was significantly lower in the treatment groups than in the control group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Nevertheless , PG showed a significantly smaller increase in waist circumference than CG ( PG : + 4.6 8.3 cm , CG : + 10.1 7.3 cm , P = 0.019 ) after 48 weeks .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The first phase was an open-label , 12-month observational study of the effect of adequate calcium intake plus calcifediol .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Great! I've added this to my knowledge base.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-03 00:00]\n<User>Please memorize these classification examples and their labels:\n\nSample: Patients achieving complete remission ( urinary protein-creatinine ratio < 0.2 g/g and serum albumin > or = 2.5 g/dL ) or partial remission ( urinary protein-creatinine ratio , 0.2 to 2 g/g , and serum albumin > or = 2.5 g/dL ) at 6 and 12 months ; time to remission ; proportion with relapses ; side effects .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Using anatomic landmarks , time to insert a femoral catheter was shorter ( P = 0.01 ) and more successful ( P = 0.003 ) compared with catheterization in the jugular site .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Bowel symptoms at 3 , 6 and 12 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Biopsy samples were obtained from each side through the previously grafted sinus window and evaluated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Radiology reports frequently fail to provide sufficient detail to describe disc herniation morphology .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There was no difference in overall complication rate between SMCD ( 7.7 % ) and manual compression ( 4.0 % ) groups ( P = .678 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Recurrence of glomerular disease occurred in two DSCI recipients , leading to graft loss in one .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: One hundred consecutive women referred with abnormal cervical smears for colposcopic assessment and considered suitable for treatment with the Semm coagulator were recruited to a double-blind , randomized , prospective , placebo-controlled trial conducted in a colposcopy clinic in a university teaching hospital .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Using both IMAs , 299 patients underwent elective coronary revascularization .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No effects were found for social support and the perceived burden of stressful life-events .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The scores of the clinical symptoms were all significantly improved after treatment and in the follow-up in the two groups ( P < 0.01 , P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Of the 358 vaccinated for the first time , 333 ( 93 % ) returned the questionnaire .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Our results suggest that Pidotimod therapy is a reliable , simple and safe approach to treat children with recurrent respiratory infections and it can reduce the frequency of such infections as a result of improvement of the ciliary respiratory epithelium .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: At maximum epinephrine infusion rates , the control of blood flow moved toward ( i.e. , proportion of power increased in ) the lower frequencies , as smooth muscle mediated ( myogenic ) control began to dominate blood flow , an effect most marked with norepinephrine .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Each listener participated in three trials ( one per system ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Dorzolamide hydrochloride is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that reduces intraocular pressure ( IOP ) by decreasing the production of aqueous humour in the ciliary body .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This prospective , clinical , randomized , controlled study was performed to define the incidence of chronic pain after total extraperitoneal ( TEP ) repair with a light-weighted mesh compared with heavyweight mesh in patients with bilateral inguinal hernias .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Sixty-eight helicopter pilots on active flying duty with or without neck pain were randomly assigned to a supervised neck/shoulder exercise regimen or a control group receiving no such regimen .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Most patients retained good to excellent vision more than 10 years after an attack of optic neuritis .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In this small-scale study , the most notable effect was improvement in voluntary motor symptoms .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Fifty patients of 18-35 years of age were randomly selected who presented to Gynaecology and Obstetrics outdoor with mid-trimester foetal loss or congenitally malformed foetus incompatible to life , confirmed on ultrasonography .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The addition of PCB did not influence pre - and postoperative pain intensity significantly or consumption of analgesics .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: On another day they received a placebo .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Drugs were administered for 12 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Furthermore , our intensive educational approach did not appear to induce undue distress .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: However , cumulative heavy drinking days were reduced 26 % in atomoxetine-treated subjects versus placebo ( event ratio = 0.74 , P = .023 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We conducted a full economic evaluation alongside a randomized controlled trial comparing IPT with CAU .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The polysomnography ( PSG ) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index ( PSQI ) were employed before and after treatment to evaluate the alleviation of insomnia .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Physical well being and educational level differed significantly between the 2 groups at baseline and were used as covariates .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These results do not support the hypothesis that haloperidol modifies duration of delirium in critically ill patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The focus of this paper is to evaluate the patient-reported outcomes .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The NMSS was assessed at baseline and end of treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We suspect that mild hypothermia in on-pump surgery is additionally neuroprotective , a factor that should be taken into account when planning an operation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: All women will complete baseline questionnaires at the time of recruitment and will participate in a diagnostic interview within 1 week of recruitment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Chemotherapy-naive patients with GI tract cancers scheduled for capecitabine-containing chemotherapy were randomly assigned to concurrent oral pyridoxine ( 200 mg/d ) or placebo .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Cardiovascular assessment was performed in childhood ( mean age of 5 years ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In young healthy volunteers , ASA had no effect on the PK or PD properties of melagatran at the studied dose .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Preoperative chemotherapy for radiologically staged , locally advanced operable primary colon cancer is feasible with acceptable toxicity and perioperative morbidity .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: NFkappaB translocation at reperfusion was reduced in stable preconditioned and unstable control patients compared to stable controls .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A small left atrial area was the only baseline predictor of conversion to SR. .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The rate of complete response was 68 % in arm A and 76 % in arm B ( P = not significant [ NS ] ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: For OS , the prognostic parameters retained were pathologic tumor size ( pT ) and mitotic index ( MI ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Participants were 134 patients with histologically confirmed PCa who had completed 1 year of treatment with leuprolide 7.5 mg monthly before being switched to degarelix .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We measured percentage change in BMD and bone turnover markers at 12 and 24 months ( 1 yr after last infusion ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Reperfusion injury in acute myocardial infarction has been shown experimentally to be related to neutrophil accumulation .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Compared with anti-thyroid drugs alone , treatment with alendronate can obtain more clinical effect and also very safety .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The prevention strategies were education ( development of nutritional knowledge and skills ) ; environment ( creation of a favorable environment by improving availability of `` healthy '' dietary items and physical activity ) ; and screening and care ( detection of overweight/obesity and , if necessary , adapted care management ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In certain cases , SUZI or PZD gave significantly improved fertilization rates in comparison to IVF .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Baseline CRP and 2-year CRP levels were associated with subsequent risk of myocardial infarction and death in patients with chronic CHD .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Discontinuation rates due to adverse events were 7 % for the placebo group and 4 % for the escitalopram-treated group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The heart rate was increased in all groups after ODN .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>I've captured all of this valuable information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-04 00:00]\n<User>These are labeled examples for classification tasks:\n\nSample: Patients with AcrySof IQ had a reduction in total high-order aberrations and spherical aberration .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The independent risk factors for failure of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation were gender , gestational age , antepartum steroid at 24 h before birth to 7 d , and birth weight , with the OR ( 95 % confidence interval ) being 14.120 ( 1.135 , 175.662 ) , 2.862 ( 1.479 , 5.535 ) , 61.084 ( 3.115 , 1 198.031 ) , and 8.306 ( 1.488 , 46.383 ) , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients at cardiovascular risk should be under continuous monitoring when an epinephrine-containing solution is applied .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The two groups that completed phase II were similar in age and duration of symptoms , confirmed by statistical analysis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These data indicate that the metabolic capacity of the lower limb muscles was not exhausted at peak exercise during room air breathing in these patients with COPD .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Healthy volunteers ( n = 12 ) were studied in an Institutional Review Board-approved , randomized , balanced , four-way crossover .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At least 5 % weight loss was achieved by 35 % ( IG ) and 28 % ( IIG ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Study was a prospective , case-controlled study in adults .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Baby videos .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Knee pain was alleviated with all three braces ( p < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Intravenous and oral esomeprazole were equally well tolerated during the first week , and after 4 weeks ' treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A chi-square analysis of these same data , however , ( 4 fibrillations in 58 patients with fat pad intact versus 15 fibrillation in 73 patients with fat pad removed ; P = 0.051 ) suggested that the importance of the fat pad status was not definite .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twenty-six ( 74 % ) and 10 ( 53 % ) women reported taking all doses of VivaGel and placebo , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Two of the patients in group B needed a second-look procedure , performed by the insertion of a guidewire down the stent , which was pulled out partially by its tether .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Both symptomatic and asymptomatic aneurysms were included and size ranged from 4.4 to 14cm .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Water drinking elicits an acute hemodynamic response and changes in cerebrovascular regulation in healthy subjects .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Radiographs of hands and forefeet were scored by the van der Heijde modified Sharp method .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Using a standardized scale to assess surgical bleeding , no statistical difference in the 2 groups was observed ( P > .05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Pain intensity was significantly correlated with the severity of depression ( r2 = 0.076 ; P = 0.04 ) and tended to be correlated with the severity of anxiety , ( r2 = 0.065 ; P = 0.07 ) , and the number of depressive episodes ( r2 = 0.072 ; P = 0.09 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , this relationship has not been established clinically .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Placental smears were prepared and newborns weighed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The nasogastric group had significantly longer times to first passage of flatus and tolerance of a clear liquid diet than did the orogastric group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In addition to aspirin , stable patients with BMS will receive prasugrel for 1 month , whereas all others will receive prasugrel for 12 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Only seven of the seventy-two patients were identified as depressed and this was distributed equally between the two groups of residents .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The Multicenter Acute Stroke Trial-Europe ( MAST-E ) was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of streptokinase in patients with acute ischemic stroke .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Healthy subjects ( n = 219 ) , approximately equally distributed by sex and age ( 18-30 y and > / = 65 y ) , received daily phylloquinone ( 1000 microg ) or placebo for 2 wk .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To compare changes in weight in obese patients who received long-acting octreotide ( octreotide LAR ) at one of three dose levels ( 20 , 40 , or 60 mg ) or placebo over 6 months and to identify the lowest dose of octreotide LAR that safely achieved optimal weight loss .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Treatment groups were homogeneous for demographic characteristics of the patients and for pain intensity at the time of medication with study drugs .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Overall condition , primary disease type , and ascites amounts were comparable between groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Among patients in whom AMI was not confirmed the major risk indicators for death during 10 years of follow-up were : a history of cardiovascular diseases and smoking , age , male sex and high heart rate on admission to hospital .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Fewer women in the intervention group reported any weekly urinary incontinence ( 11 versus 19 % , P = 0.004 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were 8 study-related deaths ( 1 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Pain according to SF-MPQ and NPSI , onset of effect , reduction in worst pain on the NRS ; allodynia severity ; quality of life ( QoL ) based on EQ-5D , SF-36 ; PGIC ; rescue medication intake ; adverse events ( AEs ) monitoring .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: One hundred fifteen acromegalic patients , 70 % of whom had persistent disease after pituitary surgery or radiotherapy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The 80 patients with acute cerebral infarction were randomly divided into Shuxuetong treatment group ( 40 cases ) and routine control group ( 40 cases ) , both received routine treatment , while Shuxuetong injection was given additionally to treatment group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Most commonly , AADs are added to combat frequent ICD shocks , which are successfully reduced by AAD therapy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We studied 166 seronegative mothers ( 94 % white women ; mean age , 33 years ) with a child < 36 months of age attending a day care facility .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Demographics and baseline characteristics were comparable across all treatment groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The best response to 1M vs. 3M depot during the study was as follows : complete remission in 5 vs. 5.7 % , partial remission in 36.3 vs. 33.8 % and stabilization in 40.0 vs. 40.8 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Fifteen men and 5 women ( mean age , 25.2 yr ) entered the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 131 pregnant women took part in our prospective study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We assessed whether health status assessment with the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire ( KCCQ ) predicts future costs in stable heart failure outpatients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction .\n\nLabels: 0\n<Assistant>Appreciated. I'll retain these important details.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-05 00:00]\n<User>Here are some classification examples to learn from. Please pay attention to the labels:\n\nSample: Nateglinide significantly increases insulin secretion in Type 2 diabetic patients , in particular restoring the first phase insulin response .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In control group , CCNU capsule 130 mg/m2 was taken orally on day 1 and TMZ placebo 150 mg/m2 while on days 1 through 5 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The purpose of this study was to compare monophasic with rectilinear biphasic internal shock waveforms for termination of VF in patients undergoing cardiac surgery .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Twenty-one patients received terlipressin , 13 received terlipressin late ( cross-over ) and 17 received placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Abstinence and withdrawal symptoms were also measured .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Following oral administration the mean maximum plasma concentration ( C ( max ) ) and area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity ( AUC ( infinity ) ) increased approximately proportionally with dose .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Because individuals adopt different postures when using different cushions and backrest heights , clinicians should monitor posture while assessing seating and function of wheelchair users .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The EGFR overexpression was detected in 89 out of 181 patients ( 49 % ) by immunohistochemistry ( IHC ) , and 77 out of 166 patients ( 46 % ) had an EGFR gene amplification by fluorescence in-situ hybridisation ( FISH ) ; 30 out of 171 patients ( 18 % ) had a loss of PTEN expression , which was associated with an inferior TTF1 ( first-line therapy ; HR 0.61 , P = 0.02 ) and TTF2 ( HR 0.66 , P = 0.04 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: TS levels were available for 147 patients ( 87.5 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Abstinence was defined by patient diary reports of no smoking during the designated periods , confirmed by expired-breath carbon monoxide levels of 8 ppm or lower .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Post-vaccination seroprotection rates ( 0.1 IU/mL for diphtheria/tetanus and 8 1/dilution for polio ) for Group 1 were non-inferior to Group 2 for diphtheria ( 85.4 % vs. 87.5 % ) , tetanus ( both 100 % ) , polio type 1 ( 99.8 % vs. 100 % ) , polio type 2 ( both 100 % ) and polio type 3 ( 99.3 % vs. 99.8 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Monovision performed better than a center-near aspheric simultaneous vision multifocal contact lens of the same material for distance and near VA only .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Success was classified as absence throughout the course of treatment of clinical evidence of oropharyngeal candidiasis , and failure as recurrence or relapse of symptomatic oropharyngeal candidiasis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Neither incretin effect ( 409 % ( without DPP4 inhibitor ) vs 407 % ( with DPP4 inhibitor ) , P = 1.0 ) , glucagon responses ( 1395165 vs 1223195pmol/lmin , P = 0.41 ) , GIGD ( 524 vs 565 % , P = 0.40 ) nor gastric emptying ( Tmax for plasma paracetamol : 869 vs 8012min , P = 0.60 ) changed following DPP4 inhibition .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The systolic blood pressure and pulse rate in patients with pulmonary emboli increased significantly more in the ioxaglate group ( ps = .03 and .04 , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Randomized controlled clinical trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The results of this study suggest that the dental hygiene care programme , which made use of a short , 10-min flash-based video and brochures every 4weeks , was effective in reducing the dental plaque index of patients with mental disorders .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Based on these data the authors speculate that hyperoxia induced vasoconstriction is not due to changes in intravascular pH and can not be counteracted by an intravascular increase in pCO ( 2 ) .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Groups were comparable with respect to demographic data .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: For these patients , distance and near acuities improved with presbyLASIK and Acri .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This investigation tested the hypothesis that CYP3A induction ( or inhibition ) would increase ( or decrease ) methadone metabolism and clearance in humans .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The double-blinded , randomized , quadruple arm , placebo-controlled rechallenge trial took place in the general community .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Pretransplantation baseline values for regional BMD did not differ in the control and training groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The treatment duration was 14 days .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Since such treatment increases the risk of multiple pregnancy , a couple 's chances of achieving an ongoing pregnancy without it should be considered to identify those most likely to benefit from treatment .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Thirty patients after elective , uncomplicated CABG surgery .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No patients displayed complete radiologic healing at 3 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a computerized , phoneme-discrimination training programme .\n\nLabels: 3\n<Assistant>Sure I will remember them.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-06 00:00]\n<User>Here are some classification examples to learn from. Please pay attention to the labels:\n\nSample: Clinical global impression of change after treatment showed considerable improvement in 59 % of the patients in the acetylcarnitine group and 63 % in the propionylcarnitine group , but less in the acetylcarnitine plus propionylcarnitine group ( 37 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Recurrence of angina was 1.8 % versus 20 % ( p = 0.002 ) , new TVR was used in 3.6 % versus 29.1 % ( p = 0.0003 ) , and the LVEF ( % ) at discharge was 55.2 + / -9.5 versus 48.2 + / -9.9 ( p = 0.0001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After participants in the intervention group received SMS reminders to take medication or those in the control group received no messages , incidences of delayed doses were decreased by 46.4 and 78.8 % for those in the control and intervention groups , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Both studies were designed to allow for a prespecified integrated analysis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Twenty-two participants were randomly allocated to either immediate treatment ( IT ) ( n = 11 ) or to a waitlist condition ( WL ) ( n = 11 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: DeltaBAP assumed changes in BAP in treatment either before or after , and DeltaBMD also assumed changes in BMD .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: St James 's University Hospital , Leeds .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Four physiotherapy services in England .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: But the adverse reaction occurred in the latter group was more than that in the former .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Intragastric pH was continuously monitored for 24 h on days 1 and 5 of each dosing period .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Twenty patients and 20 healthy controls received 0.1 , 0.3 or 0.5 mg/kg mCPP or placebo orally .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The three lithotripsy devices evaluated behaved similarly in terms of the ability to fragment stones , and were equally effective for distal ureteral stones .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Targeting retention efforts at women at high risk for early withdrawal is not likely to address the problem sufficiently .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Trimetazidine has been suggested to exert anti-ischemic properties on myocardium without affecting myocardial oxygen consumption or supply .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: One month of dieting and a weight loss of 2.3 kg ( 2.1 % of initial weight ) did not affect gastric emptying of liquids and solids .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The sham-control group showed significant shortening of clip-to-clip distance compared with the local steroid-injected group and protruded forms of granulation tissue with mucosal convergence .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: They received single 10-min preprandial doses of 120 mg nateglinide , 0.5 or 2 mg repaglinide , or placebo or 1 min preprandially of 2 mg repaglinide .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The study setting was private medical offices in the Seattle , Washington metropolitan area .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To compare the safety and efficacy of doxepin and hydroxyzine in the treatment of chronic pruritus due to exposure to sulfur mustard .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Mean follow up was 24 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Two main outcomes were assessed : survival and neurological function as measured by the Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Randomisation ( ratio 1:1 ) was done with block sizes of 4 , and all site personnel including the investigator , the study monitor , and the Vertex study team were masked to treatment assignment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: FEV1 increased significantly from baseline ( p < 0.005 ) while NFEV1 did not change following surgery ( p > 0.15 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Preventive measures initiated by the employer at the workplace were documented at baseline and at 3 months after the intervention .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The mean direct costs of treatment at the MHCs were significantly lower for brief therapy than for CBT and care as usual .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Ninety-two premedicated ASA I-III patients undergoing minor elective urological or gynaecological surgery were assigned to the manual - or target-controlled infusion group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This study evaluated the efficacy of TKI re-treatment in patients with disease progression after a TKI-everolimus sequence .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Black males had higher total cholesterol than white males and higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol than white males and Hispanic males .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>I understand. I'll keep this in mind.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-07 00:00]\n<User>The following are classification training examples with labels:\n\nSample: To determine the efficacy , safety , pharmacokinetics , and effect on serum angiogenic growth factors of two dose levels of thalidomide in patients with metastatic breast cancer .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of AAV2-neurturin in a double-blind , phase 2 randomised trial .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This study was conducted to assess the efficacy and applicability of on-pump beating heart valvular operations using retrograde coronary sinus perfusion .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Significant changes in haemodynamic parameters were seen between Macintosh and McCoy laryngoscopy without fentanyl pretreatment ( p < 0.001 ) whereas changes were blunted with fentanyl pretreatment in Macintosh laryngoscopy ( p < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Telephone follow-up was completed with 86 parents ( 74 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The secondary objective is to compare the cost-effectiveness of the comprehensive intervention strategy with two other interventions , one only focuses on nutrition education , the other only focuses on physical activity .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The prevalence of AEs was 22/111 ( 19.8 % ) during the efficacy period , during which the most frequently reported AEs were nausea ( 5 [ 4.5 % ] ) and vertigo ( 2 [ 1.8 % ] ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Rotoresection is a promising alternative to conventional TURP because it affords almost bloodless , 30 % faster removal of prostate tissue .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The lowest quintile ( < 0.06 microgram/L ) constituted a low-risk group , the second quintile ( 0.06 to 0.18 microgram/L ) an intermediate-risk group , and the three highest quintiles ( > or = 0.18 microgram/L ) a high-risk group , with 4.3 % , 10.5 % , and 16.1 % risk of either myocardial infarction or cardiac death , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Seventeen ( 52.1 % ) participants in the intervention group and seven ( 21.9 % ) in the control group showed improvement in cough reflex sensitivity ( OR = 4.1 , 95 % CI = 1.4-12 .2 ; P < .01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Outpatient clinic of a government referral-based research hospital .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We took a random sample of 100 web pages out of the 6,000 web pages on the Mayo Clinic 's Health Oasis web site .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: AL provides a rapid clinical response against both Pf and Pv malaria , but is associated with a high rate of Pv recurrent clinical episodes between days 28 and 42 .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: All patients reported improvement during the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , when asked explicitly to compare conflict and no conflict , 69 % report that they would discount for researcher conflict and 57 % report that they would discount for presenter conflict .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Muscle biopsies were taken from the quadriceps muscle of the operative knee at the immediate onset of surgery ( T0 ) and at 1 hour into surgery ( T1 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Secondary outcomes were life satisfaction and self-perception of the impact of the stroke on life , measured with the WHOQOL and the Stroke Impact Scale , respectively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Simvastatin and atorvastatin were well tolerated at the doses studied .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Our study suggests that trace contamination of androstenedione with 19-norandrostenedione is sufficient to cause urine test results positive for 19-norandrosterone , the standard marker for nandrolone use .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: However , although many stroke patients receive physical or occupational therapy in primary health care , treatment prescriptions do not generally specify therapeutic goals ; in particular , participation is not established as an explicit therapeutic goal in the ambulatory setting .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Two hundred and thirty-nine patients were clinically and bacteriologically evaluable for per protocol analysis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were followed for a 3-month period of active weight loss and a 10-week period of weight maintenance .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Randomized controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Caregivers and care recipients completed the Inventory to Diagnose Depression , the SF-36 and the Satisfaction with Life scale at pre-treatment , 6 months and 12 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In patients achieving SVR-12 ( regardless of the regimen ) , significant improvements were noted in general health ( p = 0.0004 ) , CLDQ-HCV ( p < 0.0001 ) , fatigue ( p = 0.005 ) , emotional well-being ( p < 0.0001 ) and physical component summary score of SF-36 ( p = 0.0022 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Plasma , nipple aspirate fluid , and breast adipose tissue concentrations of tamoxifen and its major metabolites were determined by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No treatment differences were observed in KTQ Physical Symptom , Uncertainty-Fear , and Emotion scores .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Conjunctival graft thickness was measured with anterior segment optical coherence tomography .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: An excellent result at 3 months was obtained in 34.8 % , 36 % , and 40.7 % of patients treated with 100 , 150 , and 200 U of BTX-A , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Mild moxibustion was applied to bilateral Zusanli ( ST 36 ) and Zhongwan ( CV 12 , odd days ) , Pishu ( BL 20 ) and Weishu ( BL 21 , even-numbered days ) for 20 min and 40 min respectively , once daily for 20 days .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the second , main study , they received each bupivacaine dose with 10 microg of fentanyl .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Pre-discharge left ventriculograms were used to assess LV ejection fraction ( LVEF ) , regional wall motion ( RWM ) within the infarct-zone and LV end-diastolic volume index .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Skin checks using a standardized scoring system were done at baseline , and 2 and 4 weeks by a single investigator .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Children aged 2-16 years with newly diagnosed epilepsy or previous failure of one drug ( for poor efficacy or side effects ) were assigned to one of two study arms and then randomized -- CLB versus CBZ or CLB versus PHT .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The control group will receive only usual care during the same period .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: 137 patients who received either a BScc valve or a Sorin Biomedical spherical valve during a randomised trial between 1982 and 1983 at St Antonius Hospital , Nieuwegein .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We constructed an object-oriented , discrete event model called subject ( we use small caps to distinguish computational objects from their biological counterparts ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The diameters of two veins and one artery on each image were measured .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: 1 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Sputum was induced at screening , randomisation and monthly for a 12 week treatment period and processed for differential cell counts , CXCL8 and neutrophil elastase assessment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In Texas , the difference was 1.2 percentage points ( 3.2 % versus 4.4 % , p < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Based on concerns about the risk of infection , the jugular site is often preferred over the femoral site for short-term dialysis vascular access .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Thirty-nine patients ( 41 knees ) ( mean age , 24.2 years ; range , 12-38 years ) with acute patellar dislocation were randomized into 2 groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Lowering intraocular pressure ( IOP ) is currently the only therapeutic approach in primary open-angle glaucoma .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This study investigated whether the CSF NfH and NfL levels or their stoichiometric relationship changed over time in a neuroprotective treatment trial .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: A modified insulin suppression test was made to assess insulin sensitivity three times : at the end of run-in period , in week 8 and week 16 , respectively .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Great! I've added this to my knowledge base.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-08 00:00]\n<User>These examples show different classes - please note the labels:\n\nSample: Vomiting , nausea , inappetence , and diarrhea are common delayed adverse effects of doxorubicin .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Measures of physical functioning improved significantly for patients in the intensive exercise group , and differences between groups were statistically significant for measures of muscle strength .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No serious hemostatic adverse events occurred in the trauma patients receiving VPA or phenytoin that could be attributed to treatment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Physicians received three hours of training about how to help smokers quit .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The primary outcome was pain , measured by a validated tool , the Modified Behavioral Pain Scale ( MBPS ) , by an observer unaware of treatment allocation using videotapes of the procedure .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patient characteristics were similar between groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At 6 months , infarct vessel patency was 59 % in both groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Following analysis , we retained five items that captured a change in physicians ' preference .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In contrast , cough and expiration reflex occurred significantly more frequently in children anesthetized with propofol .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: FOBT screening significantly reduces colorectal cancer mortality .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Changes in glucose metabolism were not significantly different between TDF/FTC and ABC/3TC-based regimens .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: People were eligible to participate if they had not attended a hepatitis B-related education program in the past 5 years .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In contrast , for patients stating that they improved , we only found evidence of statistically significant RS in the domain global quality of life .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The effects of smoking cessation on bone were mediated in part by weight gain .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of cognitive adaptation training .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: We measured opioid consumption in the acute post-operative phase after laparoscopic hysterectomy .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Groups 1 and 2 received metal brackets , and groups 3 and 4 had ceramic brackets .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: It comprised 150 patients selected from the outpatient department with ocular neovascularisation through non-probability purposive sampling .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Significantly fewer subjects in the fiber-free/placebo and fiber/pectin groups experienced diarrhea than did subjects in the fiber/placebo group ( P = .02 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were randomized to one of three therapeutic regimens : induction with foscarnet sodium at 90 mg/kg intravenously every 12 hours for 2 weeks , followed by maintenance at a dosage of 120 mg/kg per day ( foscarnet group ) ; induction with ganciclovir sodium at 5 mg/kg intravenously every 12 hours for 2 weeks followed by maintenance at 10 mg/kg per day ( ganciclovir group ) ; or continuation of previous maintenance therapy plus induction with the other drug ( either ganciclovir or foscarnet ) for 2 weeks followed by maintenance therapy with both drugs , ganciclovir sodium at 5 mg/kg per day and foscarnet sodium at 90 mg/kg per day ( combination therapy group ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the experimental condition , next to the usual dissemination of the guideline ( internet , newsletter , books , publications , and congresses ) , teams will be trained in the application of the guideline via a 1-day small interactive group training program supported by e-learning modules .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Acupuncture given concurrently with radiotherapy significantly reduced xerostomia and improved quality of life .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A study was undertaken to determine whether serum KL-6 could be a marker for particular types of drug induced pneumonitis .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Using a multivariate extension of the Baron and Kenny ( 1986 ) mediation framework , we examined the simultaneous effect of variables hypothesized to mediate the relationship between a motivationally tailored physical activity intervention , and 6-month physical activity behavior in 239 healthy , underactive adults ( M age = 47.5 ; 82 % women ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Sevoflurane was associated with a significantly higher score on the PAED scale , indicating greater emergence delirium .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The improvement in pulmonary function following reduction mammaplasty correlates with specimen weight resected .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This study suggests marked differences over time in the neurocognitive effects between the three treatment forms compared .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Fifty consenting patients undergoing video-assisted thoracic surgery .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These results indicate that different brain networks are involved during manual and electroacupuncture stimulation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Before and after bypass , serum IL-6 and IL-10 were measured by ELISA .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At baseline , groups did not differ in clinical and functional scale scores .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Training consisted of electrical muscle stimulation of the major leg muscles for a minimum of 1 hour , 5 days a week .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: RESULTS. : Thirty-four patients ( 25 pediatric , 9 adult ) completed the protocol ( 16 placebo ; 18 IG ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Multivariate analysis failed to show cell kinetics parameters as statistically significant factors affecting LRC probability and overall survival .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 725-bed university-affiliated VA teaching hospital providing care to over 35,000 outpatients .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The improvement on the condition of illness , motor tic and vocal tic , as well as the long-term efficacy of treatment were all better in the treated group than in the control group ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Frequent nighttime heartburn is common .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: We tested the possible cancer-preventing effects of beta carotene by randomly assigning 1805 patients who had had a recent nonmelanoma skin cancer to receive either 50 mg of beta carotene or placebo per day and by conducting annual skin examinations to determine the occurrence of new nonmelanoma skin cancer .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The total treatment costs from the application of the dressing until completion of treatment was 699 yen for the Karayahesive and 910 yen for the Tegaderm plus Pad ( P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The main objections are the risk of early severe complications ( bleeding ) or other reasons for readmission , and the argument that patients might feel safer when observed for one night .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Anesthesia was judged adequate by the investigator for 55 % of active compared with 12 % of placebo sites ( P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Increased follicular sebum outflow was also associated with an increase in the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids in sebum ( r = 0.49 , P = 0.006 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Among 563 screened patients , 75 ( 13.3 % ) were Her2 positive ( IHC 2 + / 3 + and FISH + ) and 61 met all eligibility criteria ( median age , 64 years ; 54/61 males ; 50/61 baseline ECOG-PS 0-1 ; 11 locally advanced and 50 metastatic ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To observe the impacts of the acupoint catgut implantation on postpartum pain of uterine contraction with qi and blood deficiency .\n\nLabels: 3\n<Assistant>Received. I'll store this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-09 00:00]\n<User>Here are some examples with classification labels to remember:\n\nSample: Wraparound video eyewear can be an effective approach to managing distress in children undergoing restorative dental treatment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to investigate whether low-dose levomepromazine inhibits the formation of morphine from codeine in a patient population of homozygous extensive ( EM ) and heterozygous extensive ( HEM ) metabolizers of CYP2D6 .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Electroacupuncture combined with functional training can accelerate nervous repair , promote functional recovery of the denervated muscles , so as to shorten the restoring time of nerve-muscle and increase life quality of the patient .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Both treatment groups also experienced a decrease in peak ankle ankle dorsiflexion in swing , although the clinical implications of this finding are unclear .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The PDSS100 subgroup demonstrated treatment benefits for PDSS groupings of motor symptoms on waking and global quality of sleep .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Groups A and B included 31 and 29 subjects , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Of 692 eligible patients ( 17 % ) , a total of 406 subjects ( 59 % ) provided informed consent .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex tDCS may play a role in modulating the neurocircuitry involved with the perception of control over pain .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Currently , it is still unknown whether differences in glycemic control have any effect on glucose and insulin kinetics after vildagliptin administration .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: However , well-designed , randomized controlled trials are needed .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Adolescent , parent and family outcomes will be assessed via self-report questionnaires at three time points ( baseline , 6 weeks and 6 months ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Diazepam selectively impaired subjects ' ability to recognize angry expressions but did not affect recognition of any other emotional expression .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01001234 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The homogeneity of yeast sucrase was studied by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis , and its activity was measured .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To evaluate the hypolipemic and antioxidant effects of soy and green tea alone and/or in association in dyslipidemic subjects .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Fat free mass increased significantly in the training group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: One hundred-and-fifty patients with a history of RVVC and an acute episode of VVC .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After training , oxygen uptake was significantly increased , both at the ventilatory threshold ( +11.6 % , p < 0.01 ) and at the end of exercise ( +14.8 % , p < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In addition , subjects receiving the ` active ' treatment experienced greater reductions in BMI and waist circumference over the 12-week period .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Separate regression analyses were conducted to examine message effects at each assessment point .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A total of 14 patients ( 8 women and 6 men ) with post-polio syndrome participated in a 12-week muscular resistance training , 3 days/week .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The addition of ketamine to lidocaine in patients receiving IVRA significantly reduced intraoperative and postoperative analgesic requirements and improved patient satisfaction without causing significant adverse effects .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Maternal feeding practices were self-reported using validated questionnaires .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We conducted a 12-week , randomized , controlled , parallel-arm study consisting of 3 groups of free-living , healthy volunteers who participated in study visits at the Ragle Human Nutrition Research Center at the University of California , Davis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A 5 mm mid-diaphyseal tibial ostectomy was stabilized with an AS-ILN ( n = 6 ) or an ILN6b ( n = 5 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Lansoprazole 15 mg or 30 mg once daily for 5 days produces significant increases in intragastric pH , effectively relieves symptoms of reflux disease , and is well tolerated in adolescents with GERD .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The most common adverse events were fatigue , headache , and nausea .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Although the clinical improvement was impressive , due to the small sample size we could not show statistically significant improvement in all the variables that tended to suggest that effect was more than simply analgesic .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Prevention of alcohol , drug and tobacco misuse by young people is a key public health priority .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Standard clinical laboratory analyses ( chemistry , hematology , and urinalysis ) and measurements of serum creatine kinase and myoglobin levels were conducted at screening , admission , discharge , and follow-up .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: setting : Comparison of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Treatments Trials ( CATT ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>I understand. I'll keep this in mind.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-10 00:00]\n<User>These are labeled examples for classification tasks:\n\nSample: The degree of motor block was comparable in all groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Small sample size and high attrition rate .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Atrial overdrive pacing markedly improved sleep-disordered breathing in a recent study .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The findings indicate that haptic feedback could be important in the early training phase of skill acquisition in image-guided surgical simulator training .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Preoperative use of intraaortic balloon pumping ( IABP ) has increased in high-risk patients .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: A study nurse unaware of the treatment allocation performed baseline and follow up assessments .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Neoadjuvant systemic therapy ( NST ) before surgery is a standard option for patients with early breast cancer ( EBC ) that allows in vivo chemosensitivity testing .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: We measured various laboratory and clinical variables characterizing the patients ' outcomes .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: CLEAR-ER was a multicenter , double-blind , randomized safety study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The probability for tumor progression was significantly lower in patients receiving high-dose adecatumumab and expressing high levels of EpCAM ( hazard ratio 0.43 ; P = 0.0057 versus low dose and low EpCAM ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to characterize the changes in plasma lidocaine concentrations over time when a tumescent solution is injected into the subcutaneous tissue of the neck .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Written information may improve parent knowledge and enhance satisfaction , but the setting and timing of information delivery are also important to consider .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance showed that depression severity based on HDRS and BDI decreased significantly after intervention , with a significant difference between the two groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This suggests that there is no causal association between under nutrition and epilepsy in this community .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This is the first study to demonstrate that a 20-minute duration of 2 mA of bilateral anodal and bilateral cathodal DC polarization to the DLPFC and STG was well tolerated in a pediatric population .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Participants were randomly assigned to receive diflunisal , 250 mg ( n = 64 ) , or placebo ( n = 66 ) twice daily for 2 years .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The 5-year survival was 44.9 % in the surgery alone group and 48.1 % in the surgery plus chemotherapy group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The fall in awake BP with perindopril was less than with felodipine or hydrochlorothiazide .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Ninety parturients were randomly allocated into three groups : two groups received 5 L/min oxygen by either nasal cannula ( Group NC , n = 30 ) or face mask ( Group FM , n = 30 ) , respectively , and the third group was allowed to breathe room air ( Group RA , n = 30 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Faculty were generally comfortable with exam room teaching and felt it had some advantages for patient decision making .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Variations in antral areas were measured by ultrasonography .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Oxygen saturation ( < 90 % ) was a strong independent predictor of hospitalization ( OR = 3.02 , P = .004 ) but was not a significant predictor of mortality in multivariable analyses .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity were assessed in patients .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Assessments were completed at baseline , after treatment , and at 6-month follow-up visits .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Eighty-four percent of patients were infected with or were from regions with Leishmania panamensis ; 16 % were infected or were from regions with L. braziliensis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Age , wound length , body mass index , abdominal circumference , and diabetes mellitus had no effect on SSI .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In this randomized , controlled trial , we enrolled 100 patients with moderate-to-severe knee osteoarthritis who were eligible for unilateral total knee replacement .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At any point , patients in the droperidol and olanzapine groups were approximately 1.6 times more likely to be sedated compared with controls : droperidol and olanzapine group hazard ratios were 1.61 ( 95 % CI 1.23 to 2.11 ) and 1.66 ( 95 % CI 1.27 to 2.17 ) , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A successful block to T5 with the double-space and NTN techniques were 80 vs. 54 , odds ratio 0.29 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: These data suggest that low birth weight newborns show a good immune response to BCG , thus reinforcing the inclusion of such infants in regular vaccination programs with intradermal BCG .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Two hundred thirty patients with onset of nvAMD within 3 years who received 3 or more injections of ranibizumab or bevacizumab within the preceding year and who needed continuing ranibizumab or bevacizumab treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A total of 1200 epidural placement attempts were performed .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The lack of change in PFM activity could be due to a no more than moderate to submaximal PFM activity during SR-WBV , the maintenance of reflexive PFM activity despite PFM fatigue or a compensation of slow red PFM fiber fatigue by an increase of innervation frequency and motor unit recruitment of the fast white fibers .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To determine the efficacy and safety of pamapimod ( a selective inhibitor of the alpha-isoform of p38 MAP kinase ) as monotherapy in comparison with methotrexate ( MTX ) treatment in adult patients with active rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The protective dose in humans was initially estimated , on the basis of exposure , to be 9.6 mg per kilogram per day ( 95 % confidence interval , 6.6 to 12.5 ) for 14 days .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: CO ( 2 ) - induced subjective distress and breathlessness were significantly lower after ATD compared to BAL and ATL ( p < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The efficacy of screening in reducing mortality from oral cancer has not yet been evaluated .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: During a median follow-up period of 3 years , exemestane was associated with no serious toxic effects and only minimal changes in health-related quality of life .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Outcome measures included SLEDAI score and the required prednisone dose .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Whether these differences may be attributed to the different administration routes or to different pharmacokinetic properties remains an open question .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The primary objective of this study was to compare a new formulation of Juvderm ( ( R ) ) injectable gel with lidocaine ( denoted as JUV + L ) to commercially-available Juvderm ( ( R ) ) injectable gel without lidocaine ( denoted as JUV ) with respect to procedural pain scores in subjects desiring nasolabial fold ( NLF ) correction .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Adenoma detection rates of all endoscopists were 20 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Appreciated. I'll retain these important details."]
[{"question": "Sentence: The three dosages of quetiapine fumarate XR were generally well-tolerated in this pharmacokinetic study of Han Chinese patients with schizophrenia .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: These data suggest that luteal phase HPA axis function is lower than in the follicular phase in premenopausal healthy women .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Further studies are needed to determine the long-term benefits of this intervention and the impact on actual diversion rates .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: In contrast to other studies we found no evidence to support the use of a sacral wedge intra-operatively to reduce the incidence of postoperative back pain .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The commonest indication for laser therapy was maculopathy , but those with more severe retinopathy were more likely to be treated for proliferative retinopathy and to need both eyes treated .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: A total of 72 healthy volunteers at a single site were randomized in 9 cohorts to receive oral plecanatide or placebo from 0.1 to 48.6 mg .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Monte Carlo simulations indicated that the sampling schedule produced parameter estimates which were unbiased and precise .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: At baseline , 43.5 % were found to have a likely diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pre-operative dexmedetomidine infusion on hemodynamics in patients with pulmonary hypertension undergoing mitral valve replacement surgery .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The internal consistency was .68 for the sample and .73 for the subgroup with severe dementia .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Of the patients 96 were treated with a novel technique without a urethral catheter but with a special handmade cystostomy catheter , while the other 50 underwent the traditional procedure using cystostomy and a urethral catheter .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Postoperatively , alanine aminotransferase , aspartate aminotransferase , prothrombin time , and serum cholinesterase were determined daily for 1 week .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The clinical course in this study showed that most patients with nasal polyps do well with medical treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Fluoroscopy time was longer with RF ( 29 + / -15 vs. 19 + / -12 min , p < 0.02 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The seventh guideline showed improvement that did not reach statistical significance , in part because of lack of statistical power .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The infusion of GLP-1 resulted in pharmacological levels of intact GLP-1 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The relative risk of failure to achieve a complete abortion with the 200 mg dose compared to 600 mg dose was 0.9 ( 95 % CI 0.6-1 .4 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: This study shows for the first time that a dosage of 3 MU/cm ( 2 ) of botulinum toxin A achieves a complete and reliable blockade of gustatory sweating lasting for at least 12 months .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The role of this procedure in the management of hypercholesterolemia remains to be determined .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Modified random assignment , matched-pair control group design with repeated measures .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The use of laryngeal mask airway and propofol in inguinal hernia repair results in shorter operative and recovery room times .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: There were no MUF-related complications .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Plasma malondialdehyde decreased by 35 % in both groups ( P = 0.002 ) but not when adjusted for lipids .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Its prevalence increased from 41 % to 86 % from normal to obese anthropometric categories .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Primary endpoints were exercise duration , maximal oxygen consumption , and left ventricular ejection fraction .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Group 2 had a significantly increased rate of wound healing at the fourth visit ( P < .05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Combined frequency of death or serious extrarenal events and need for dialysis in the experimental vs placebo group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Clinical investigation in an urban , university-affiliated hospital .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Antibody responses to HbOC vaccine were significantly higher than those to Hib-OMP .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: This prospective study investigated the long-term effects of gastric banding on health-related QOL using an obesity-specific validated measure .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Intake evaluations and outcome measurements were collected by nurse practitioners independent of the treating surgeons .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Flow-mediated dilation ( FMD ) of the brachial artery was measured before and 2 h after meal consumption .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Sixty postmenopausal women were included in an open study and were allocated to three groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: All treatment groups demonstrated statistically significant improvement from baseline in depression ratings by Week 1 and thereafter .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Control children were kept on an egg-free diet for 6 months and then underwent a second challenge .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The morning after each meal the subjects were administered either an oral-fat-tolerance test or an oral-glucose-tolerance test .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: We investigated whether simvastatin , by exerting both lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory effects , altered the carotenoid status in plasma .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients were randomized to guidewire steering by either 2D guidance or virtual 3D angioscopy ( 33 % ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Significantly better results were found in favor of HA gel with pre-incorporated lidocaine for physician assessment of injection pain and patient pain assessment after injection ( both P < 0.001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: It was well tolerated and was almost free of side effects .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Low doses of budesonide , which are not associated with any systemic side effects , have a marked antiasthma effect in children .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Although severe hypoglycemia was more frequent in patients with insulin glargine therapy , hypoglycemic events occurred in < 5 % of patients in the insulin glargine treatment group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: After introduction of the chest drain and evacuation of the pneumothorax , 10 injections through an interpleural catheter were given at 8-hour intervals in a double-blind fashion .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: After 24 weeks , least-square mean changes from baseline in HbA ( 1c ) in patients receiving taspoglutide 10 mg [ -8 mmol/mol ( se 1 ) ] [ -0.77 % ( se 0.05 ) ] or taspoglutide 20 mg [ -11 mmol/mol ( se 1 ) ] [ -0.98 % ( se 0.05 ) ] were non-inferior to insulin glargine [ -9 mmol/mol ( se 1 ) ] [ -0.84 % ( se 0.05 ) ] ; treatment difference of 0.07 % ( 95 % CI -0.06 to 0.21 ) and -0.14 % ( 95 % CI -0.28 to -0.01 ) , for taspoglutide 10 and 20 mg , respectively , vs. insulin glargine .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Retrospective review of photographs suggests that the ophthalmologist should pay special attention to areas of the central macula in which new `` atypical '' histo spots are observed , with the goal of treating CNV that may develop in the same area at a time when the benefits of laser treatment may be greatest .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Gastrointestinal stromal tumour is the most common sarcoma of the intestinal tract .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: We investigated the influence of viability , as demonstrated with low-dose dobutamine echocardiography , and the role of early revascularization on the process of left ventricular ( LV ) remodeling after AMI .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The objective was to assess the efficacy of double intrauterine insemination ( IUI ) over a single periovulatory IUI in patients undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with low-dose recombinant follicle stimulating hormone ( rFSH ) combined with human chorionic gonadotropin ( HCG ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The primary outcome was the diagnostic yield for detecting noncaseating granulomas in patients with a final diagnosis of sarcoidosis .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Early mortality was 1.7 % , and there were no differences in early adverse events .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Endogenous digitalis-like factors ( EDLFs ) are elevated in women with preeclampsia , and the use of an anti-digoxin antibody Fab ( DIF ) in women with preeclampsia who were remote from term reduced maternal blood pressure and preserved renal function .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The results suggested low prevalence of evolutionary selection of p24 despite new and long-lasting Vacc-4x-specific T-cell responses .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Intensive insulin therapy ( IIT ) has not yet proven its efficacy on stroke prognosis or in the reduction of MRI infarct growth .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Prebiotic supplementation was associated with an increase in plasma gut peptide concentrations ( glucagon-like peptide 1 and peptide YY ) , which may contribute in part to changes in appetite sensation and glucose excursion responses after a meal in healthy subjects .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Children in the cromolyn sodium ( 19 % ) and budesonide ( 16 % ) groups had significantly fewer physician-diagnosed wheezing episodes than those in the control group ( 47 % ) during the second 8-week period ( P < .05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Second year students in the intervention group were more competent than those in the control group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of transient otoacoustic emissions in an audiological protocol used in the evaluation of patients suspicious of pseudohypacusis .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Attending , resident and fellow critical care physicians .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Safety analyses were of the whole vaccinated cohort and immunogenicity analyses per protocol .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Seven patients developed tract metastases associated with the drain site ( four XRT arm , three BSC ) and four developed metastases associated with subsequent procedures at other sites ( three XRT , one BSC ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The overall success rate was 94.3 % , with a success rate of 95.6 % ( 86/90 teeth ) for MTA and 93.1 % ( 95/102 teeth ) for Super EBA .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The administration of GH-RH ( at the minimal dose ) , arginine or clonidine alone induced significantly higher GH responses in the diabetic subjects than in the normal controls .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Intensification of statin therapy reduces major cardiovascular events .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , few studies have examined the efficacy of shared decision making for schizophrenia treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Most patients in this subgroup analysis used the compliance device as a medication reminder and rated it easy to use .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Switching to EZE/SIMVA 10/20 mg versus ROSUVA 10 mg provided superior lipid reductions in patients with/without T2DM .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Ninety-three patients ( age range , 18-65 y ) with wrist pain .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Intravenous fluids increased LVEDV to a lesser extent and duration than did plasma volume expansion .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: r-ADP-agg was defined as the ADP-thrombin receptor activating peptide ratio to reflect an individual degree of P2Y12 dependent platelet inhibition with a cut-off value for HPR of 50 % .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Clenching level and time had no effect on perceived discomfort .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: A surgical preparation was used to perfuse known concentrations of reference compounds ( fluorescein and luteinising hormone-releasing hormone ; LHRH ) through measured sections of selected regions ( jejunum , caecum , proximal colon ) of the intestinal tract of 19 possums , over a 2-h period .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: All patients being treated with open reduction internal fixation for ankle fractures who met inclusion criteria and consented to participate were enrolled .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Intensive care nursery ( step down unit ) at Georgetown University Medical Center , Washington , DC .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The loss of rate control per patient in the combination arm was also less than that in the diltiazem-alone arm ( 2.0 + / - 1.0 vs. 3.5 + / - 1.9 episodes per patient ; p = 0.04 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In the lifestyle intervention group three women had GDM in the second trimester and respectively one woman in the close follow up group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Our purpose was to evaluate the efficacy of two forms of wound care for the face after laser abrasion .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: In particular , fecal butyrate concentrations could represent an important biomarker for identifying subjects who may benefit from probiotic treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: At 3 month follow-up mean utility increased 0.147 for EQ-5D and 0.082 for SF-6D .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Plasma insulin for both CB and RB was significantly increased relative to baseline at 30 , 60 , and 90 minutes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: All groups followed the same dietary treatment , and blood samples were obtained for lipids measurements , at the beginning and end of the study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Overall , 23 ( 46 % ) patients were male and 27 ( 54 % ) were female and there was no significant difference in the two groups in terms of age ( p > 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: No severe side effects occurred , but headache was more frequent in the beraprost group ( p = 0.001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Eighty healthy female employees at the University of Utah and Primary Children 's Hospital were enrolled .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Of the 46 healthy subjects ( mean [ SD ] age , 24.1 [ 2.5 ] years ; height , 170.8 [ 5.1 ] cm ; weight , 64.6 [ 6.4 ] kg ; body mass index ( BMI ) , 22.1 [ 1.7 ] kg/m ( 2 ) ) who completed the study , 45 subjects ( mean [ SD ] age , 24.1 [ 2.5 ] years ; height , 171.1 [ 4.9 ] cm ; weight , 64.8 [ 6.3 ] kg ; BMI , 22.1 [ 1.7 ] kg/m ( 2 ) ) were included in the pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence analyses ; 1 subject was excluded from these analyses because he mistakenly received the same formulation in both periods .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: One patient in the Serenoa group complained of mild pruritus which cleared spontaneously .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In the first round mailing , participants in prenotification group received a prenotification package , whereas direct questionnaire mailing group participants received a questionnaire with prepaid return envelope only .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Results for the other efficacy end points were similar to those seen with the WOMAC pain assessments .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The role of inhaled corticosteroids in the treatment of acute asthma exacerbations in children is controversial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Although number of punctures , pain at catheterization site , dose of lidocaine , level of consciousness , and patient satisfaction did not show a significant difference between the three groups ; midazolam induced higher level of amnesia than the other 2 groups and the physicians were more satisfied with it only compared with diazepam + promethazine ( p < 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: One hundred and eleven obese ( 37.0 + / -5.8 kg/m ( 2 ) ) middle aged ( 45.5 + / -10.8 years ) adults ( 62 % female ) were randomly assigned to a usual care or experimental ( SMART : self-monitoring and resting metabolic rate technology ) group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was no significant difference found in the SRT between SC1 and SC2 in quiet .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: After induction , anesthesia was maintained with 2.0-2 .5 % sevoflurane and 50 % N ( 2 ) O. BIS was monitored continuously throughout surgery and emergence .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This in vitro study , i.e. numerical and AE analyses , suggest that endocrown and conventional crown restorations for endodontically treated premolars with MOD preparation present a similar longevity .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The patients were randomized into two groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Invitees and responders in the telephone group expected the bowel preparation to be more painful than those in the face-to-face group while perceived burden scores for the full screening procedure were comparable .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Short-term antiretroviral therapy during tuberculosis treatment in patients with CD4T-cell counts of > 350 cells/L was safe and associated with clinical benefits .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Trichiasis recurrence within 1 year following surgery .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The combination of midazolam with either fentanyl or propofol allowed patients to undergo colonoscopy under comparable sedative and analgesic conditions .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: For most characteristics , crossover trial participants evaluated the gels more favorably than women in the other two trials , but there were few differences in the desired characteristics of a hypothetical microbicide .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: A total of 12 normal subjects ( NS ) and 12 CaOx stone formers ( SF ) underwent 2 , 6-day phases of study while maintained on a controlled metabolic diet .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}]