["[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-01 00:00]\n<User>I want you to learn from these classified examples:\n\nSample: Two groups ( N = 11/group ) of age - and sex-matched healthy subjects performed eccentric exercise using the nondominant arm wrist extensors ( time 0 ) to induce muscle soreness 24 hours later ( time 1 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: For acyanotic patients ( older , with shorter crossclamp times ) , cardioplegic technique is not critical .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Controlled hypotension was induced with esmolol 500 micro g/kg , followed by a continuous infusion of 0-300 micro g/kg/min to maintain mean arterial pressure at 55-65 mmHg .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Twenty-three subjects , with previous myocardial infarction and heart failure , New York Heart Association ( NYHA ) functional class II to IV , were enrolled , 11 control and 12 treatment subjects .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Subjects in both groups experienced statistically significant improvements in pain measurements ( p < 0.002 ) , but no difference was found between groups ( p > 0.93 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Matching patients from each pharmacy were also randomly assigned to a control group for ` usual care ' .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Three of 30 ( 10 % ) patients on oral ganciclovir developed mild to moderate CMV disease compared with 6/30 ( 20 % ) patients in the control group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Compared with face to face consultations in the surgery , telephone consultations enable more people with asthma to be reviewed , without clinical disadvantage or loss of satisfaction .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The consumption of fentanyl , over a period of 24 hours , was not different in the comparisons between the groups ( P = .686 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The basis for the economic evaluation has been the double-blind , placebo-controlled , clinical SAVE-study which included 2,231 patients having left ventricular dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Serum ferritin levels significantly decreased in both groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The results make a strong case for the importance of community-based programs to the well-being of elders .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Delivery of high vs low-energy ICD shocks was not associated with adverse clinical outcomes .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Lack of changes in the levels of TGF-beta 1 after therapy may reflect inadequate therapy duration .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Pre-clinical studies indicate that the 5-hydroxytryptamine ( 5-HT ) 4 receptor may be involved in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome and that antagonism of this receptor may be an effective therapeutic strategy .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: 10 patients undergoing the procedure were recruited between December 2005 and October 2007 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: URL : http://www.clinicaltrials.gov .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Therefore , supplementation of non-activated vitamin D to protect from pneumonia may be non-sufficient in patients that have a decreased capacity to hydroxylate 25-OH to 1,25-OH2 .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The use of rescue medication by the D-002 ( 6/30 ) group was lower than that in the placebo ( 17/30 ) group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Major bleeding associated with initial therapy occurred in 1 patient ( 1.0 % ) who was given low-molecular-weight heparin and in 2 patients ( 1.9 % ) given intravenous heparin ( 95 % confidence interval for the difference , -2.4 % to 4.3 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 439 overweight , inactive , postmenopausal women were randomized to : i ) dietary weight loss with a 10 % weight loss goal ( N = 118 ) ; ii ) moderate-to-vigorous intensity aerobic exercise for 45 min/day , 5 days/week ( n = 117 ) ; ii ) both dietary weight loss and exercise ( n = 117 ) ; or iv ) control ( n = 87 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Group II received a 50 % higher dose of chlorpheniramine plus chloroquine 10 mg/kg daily for 3 days .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Dose-dependent changes of DIAM and CA were observed at doses higher than 0.5 mg and 1.2 mg , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Baseline data and the influencing factors of EVLW were all recorded , which included everyday EVLW , extravascular lung water index ( EVLWI ) after RM , respiratory mechanics , oxygenation parameters , central venous pressure ( CVP ) , plasma colloid osmotic pressure ( COP ) , dosage of corticosteroid and adrenergic drugs , 24-hour net fluid balance .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients below 70 years of age and those with left-sided colonic adenomas or advanced adenomas responded better to folic acid supplementation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Ninety patients were divided into 3 groups of 30 patients each : the study group underwent LUAO and myomectomy ( LUAO-M ) , control group 1 underwent LSH , and control group 2 underwent LM only .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We found no evidence that concurrent supplementation with multi-nutrients influenced the magnitude of the effect of zinc on rates of diarrhea , respiratory illness , fever without localizing signs , or other illness ( guardian-reported illness with symptoms involving skin , ears , eyes and abscesses , but excluding trauma or burns ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Only transient erythema was observed in both treated sides , and there were no abnormal laboratory findings .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The mortality rate ( two patients ) in the FK506 group was 13 % versus 0 % in the cyclosporine group ( p = NS ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Ecallantide was efficacious for treating acute HAE attacks .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: a-tDCS was applied continuously for 10min , with a constant reference electrode size of 35cm ( 2 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aim was to evaluate the relationship between worksite social support and dietary behaviors , physical activity , and body mass index ( BMI ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Median PFS was 7.9 versus 5.8 months [ hazard ratio 1.16 , 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) 0.95-1 .43 ] in the standard-dose and low-dose arms , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: of dextrose in water ( D5W ) and 13.1 cc .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Stem cell mobilization with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor ( G-CSF ) has been proposed to improve cardiac function and prevent ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction ( AMI ) in preclinical and clinical studies .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Baseline clinical characteristics and lesion parameters were similar in the two groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Thirty patients were included in this study ( 16 in the 10-day group and 14 in the 7-day group ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Nine adipose-associated biological mediators were assayed and compared in patients with symptomatic ( n = 15 ) versus asymptomatic ( n = 19 ) disease .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This study will provide new evidence surrounding the long-term effectiveness of a diabetes prevention programme run within routine primary care in the United Kingdom .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Pre - and post-treatment assessments comprising an analysis of compensatory movement patterns and trunk muscle strength as well as functional measurements of the arm , including pain , range of motion , disabilities of arm , shoulder and hand questionnaire and endurance and fatigue severity were performed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This paradoxical response , most prominent at the end of the 8-week antimicrobial treatment , should not be misinterpreted as failure to respond to treatment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Research has shown that current claims settlement process can have a negative impact on psychological and physical recovery of personal injury ( PI ) victims .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: To evaluate the difference in oxidative stress in the blood between using 5 % glucose water and using distilled water as the irrigant for BPH patients receiving transurethral resection of the prostate ( TURP ) , we conducted this prospective study , on a total of 38 patients with symptomatic BPH .\n\nLabels: 0\n<Assistant>Thanks for the update. I've recorded these facts.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-02 00:00]\n<User>Here are some examples with classification labels to remember:\n\nSample: A prospective randomized study was conducted in 50 ASA I children of 2-12 years , randomly assigned into standard practice ( SP ) or BIS group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We may conclude that co-administration of zinc and folic acid significantly improved sperm parameters and increased varicocelectomy outcomes .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Adult patients ( n = 130 , = 74 , = 56 ; mean age SD : 56.9 12.9 ) from three participating centers , diagnosed with root caries , were randomly allocated into two groups : Test ( n = 64 , = 37 , = 27 ; lesions = 144 ; mean age : 59.0 12.1 ; intervention : high-fluoride toothpaste with 5000 ppm F ) , and Control ( n = 66 , = 37 , = 29 ; lesions = 160 ; mean age : 54.8 13.5 ; intervention : regular-fluoride toothpaste with 1350 ppm F ) groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the cross-over trial on nonresponders , IOP reduction reached statistical significance only after brimonidine , but their small number reduced its statistical power .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The autologous fascial sling results in a higher rate of successful treatment of stress incontinence but also greater morbidity than the Burch colposuspension .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The present study was a prospective , randomized , investigator-masked , two-period crossover study in chronic angle-closure glaucoma patients with each drug tested for a six-week period .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The number of unsuccessful first punctures , overall rate of unsuccessful punctures , morbidity and puncture time were compared .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Further work should identify which factors related to the patient , environmental context , or therapist might predict which patients are most likely to benefit from occupational therapy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Acne is a common skin condition often requiring complex therapeutic regimens .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Evaluation of the treatment of photodamaged skin requires adequate efficacy criteria .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: It will estimate the parameters and confidence intervals for the research questions of interest .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In patients with treated , asymptomatic CNS metastases at baseline , T-DM1 was associated with significantly improved OS compared with XL .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The KLEAN study extension ( 48 to 144 weeks ) randomized 199 patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Three reminder letters added to a nation-wide dissemination increased the probability for a GP logon in the ELP by a Factor 8 .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Data were acquired from standard Acute Pain Service ( APS ) form and patient medical records ( demographic , labour course parameters ) , Visual Analogue Scale ( VAS ) , Bromage Scale ( BS ) and adverse effects of analgesia .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Prednisolone/placebo was tapered after week 1 , and patients were assessed every second week .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Mortality and restenosis may be increased in patients with mild to moderate renal insufficiency ( RI ) after coronary stent implantation .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Three isoenergetic breakfast meals were tested in a randomized crossover design : low fiber , low fat ; high fiber , low fat ; and low fiber , high fat .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: If there is an unequivocal cardiovascular indication for aspirin , it should not be withheld in AD patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Randomization was stratified for center and presence of metastases .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Larger studies should be carried out to examine the public health impact , the feasibility , and the overall cost/benefit ratio of this intervention .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Sixty consecutive tonsillectomy patients randomized to two groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: However , no significant group x time interactions were found .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was also a significant reduction in IOP from baseline after switching from timolol GFS to latanoprost ( p < 0.001 ) , not observed when patients were switched from latanoprost to timolol GFS .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Multivariate analysis was used to assess the significance of the relationship between leukocyte-depleted blood and postoperative infectious complications , postoperative stay , and hospital charges .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The reduction in limb volume by MLB followed by hosiery was approximately double that from hosiery alone and was sustained over the 24-week period .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Of the 203 births , 103 ( 51 % ) of whom received 0.6 % chlorhexidine , there were no allergic reactions , vaginal itching , burning , or requests for study termination .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The aim of the study was to compare the tracheal sealing capacities between the two tubes .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Our aim was to assess the clinical value of umbilical Doppler velocimetry with regard to maternal hospitalization policy , obstetric management , and perinatal outcome .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The 29-item Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale ( MSIS-29 ) was developed to examine the impact of multiple sclerosis ( MS ) on physical and psychological functioning from a patient 's perspective .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The 5-day percentage change in fasting insulin was 57 % lower ( P = 0.0001 ) for the BR group and 54 % lower for the BRL group compared with the 5-day percentage change observed in the WR group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At 10 am ( peak drug effect ) on day 28 , the mean IOP reduction from baseline was significantly greater with bimatoprost ( 9.3 mm Hg , 40.3 % ) than with timolol gel ( 7.1 mm Hg , 31.1 % ; P = .024 , Wilcoxon rank sum test ) or latanoprost ( 7.4 mm Hg , 33.3 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The only significant factor associated with ERAF was male sex ( hazard ratio [ HR ] , 2.18 ; 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 1.03-4 .61 ; P = 0.041 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the 40 patients in whom passive closed drainage was used , the median volume drained was 34 ml ( range 0-175 ) compared with 115 ml ( 40-346 ) in the high vacuum group ( p < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary efficacy variable was percent change in walking speed based on the timed 25-foot walk .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The changes of vision , diopter , corneal refractive power , ocular-axial length , lens and ciliaris thickness were observed before and after treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Augmentation with citalopram was significantly more effective than with placebo in improving depressive ( p = .002 ) and negative ( p = .049 ) symptoms , mental functioning ( p = .000 ) , and quality of life ( p = .046 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: As a control group , 14 subjects were enrolled , did not take any medications and were age-matched to experimental patients ( 72.53.3 years , control group ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We examined the efficacy of atorvastatin as monotherapy in achieving a better or the same lipid profile in patients with mixed hyperlipidemia treated with combination therapy .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: They were split into three groups based on the pattern of alcohol use -- abstainers , consumers and excessive drinkers ( i.e. being drunk at least once during the past 4 weeks ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: One hundred and forty-five IDU ( aged 18 or over , injecting at least weekly in the preceding 6 months ) recruited and randomized to the experimental condition ( n = 73 ) or the control condition ( n = 72 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The subjects with oral malodor were randomly assigned into two groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Both types of training improved SOT performance .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: For outpatient colonoscopy , propofol administered by nurses and supervised by endoscopists has several advantages over midazolam plus meperidine and deserves additional investigation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: If the efficacy was poor , according to the first doses of the standard increments once every seven days , the doses gradually increased to the maximum doses as those of the observation group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The response to intravenous hydrocortisone 50 mg ( low dose ) , 100 mg ( medium dose ) , and 500 mg ( high dose ) , administered every six hours for 48 hours and followed by oral prednisone , was compared in patients with acute asthma in a double blind randomised study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Sixty-three patients served as controls .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study was aimed at exploring the safety and immunogenic profile of nasal co-administration of both HBV recombinant antigens .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Self-reported child dental anxiety was assessed at the start of each visit .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The main ocular side effects observed in both groups were conjunctival hyperemia and smarting .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Appreciated. I'll retain these important details.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-03 00:00]\n<User>I have some labeled classification examples for you to study:\n\nSample: Doses as low as 20 mg may improve retention but are inadequate for suppressing illicit drug use .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There was no haemodynamic variation ( notably drop in blood pressure ) between the groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Severe cardiovascular events including 3 fatalities were seen only in patients treated with tamoxifen .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Tinea capitis is a common childhood infection that has recently become more frequent in urban areas in Europe and the U.S.A.\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Multicentre , parallel group , randomised controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Study participants will be aged 50 years and above , living in the community and have been identified as having impaired turning ability [ outside of age and gender normal limits on the Step Quick Turn ( 180 degree turn ) task on the Neurocom Balance Master with long plate ] .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Outpatient clinic in secondary referral centre .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: With such protection , only the nicotine patch plus nicotine lozenge ( odds ratio , 2.34 , P < .001 ) produced significantly higher abstinence rates at 6-month postquit than did placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary efficacy end point was change in PaCO2 from baseline to the 30-minute time point .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A significant positive correlation was obtained between the post-to-pre-urinary ACR and the post-to-pre-urinary MCP-1 ratio ( r = 0.526 , P = 0.043 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Co-trimoxazole ( CTM ) has a good therapeutic effect on ocular and cerebral infections caused by Toxoplasma gondii .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Patients were randomly allocated into two groups and then given either alpha-tocopherol 900 IU/day or 9 g/day of a fermented papaya preparation ( FPP , Immun-Age , Osato Research Institute , Gifu , Japan ) at bedtime for 6 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Skills-based interventions with goal setting affect teenagers ' self-examination behaviors , intentions , and self-efficacy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This association is retained after adjustment for baseline characteristics .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This is then held with tissue adhesives .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: As a status and response measure ASDAS better reflects the spinal inflammatory disease process in AS than other composite measures .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Inclusion criteria are adults 18-64 years old with non-specific low back pain lasting 12 weeks and a self-reported average pain intensity of 4 on a 0-10 scale .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The purpose of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of selective nerve-root injections in obviating the need for an operation in patients with lumbar radicular pain who were otherwise considered to be operative candidates .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Analyses revealed that craving was a significant predictor of daily drinking and baseline levels of depression were the best predictor of daily craving .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Injection sclerotherapy and laser photocoagulation are equally effective in achieving definitive hemostasis in bleeding peptic ulcers .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: HIV-1 status was established by rapid tests or ELISA at screening at 12 weeks , 24 weeks , 40 weeks , and 52 weeks , and confirmed in a central reference laboratory .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The mean ( sd ) IPSS decreased from 21 ( 3.4 ) to 7.1 ( 1.5 ) and 7.6 ( 1.4 ) after PKVP and from 22 ( 3.8 ) to 5.2 ( 1.1 ) and 5.7 ( 1.2 ) after TURP , at 24 and 36 months , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To evaluate the efficacy of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs ) on pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Differences were observed between the physician evaluation of radiotherapy efficacy and the patient assessment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Yet relatively few studies have addressed the role of micronutrient deficiencies in spontaneous PTB among black and white women in the United States .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Multicenter study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To determine if the Trachlight lightwand can facilitate Fastrach intubation by guiding the tip of the endotracheal tube into the trachea .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Of 425 HIV-1-seropositive , antiretroviral-naive pregnant women enrolled , 401 mother-infant pairs were included in the analysis of trial end points .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The percentage of total remaining scar area ( i.e. remaining scar compared to preoperative scar ) , the percentage of linear scarring ( i.e. surface area of linear scar compared to excised scar ) and scar hypertrophy was measured at 3 and 12 months postoperatively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Significant reductions in brain activity following treatment with naproxen , compared to placebo , were observed in brain regions commonly associated with pain perception , including the bilateral primary somatosensory cortex , thalamus , and amygdala .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At each 2-week interval , lansoprazole patients had significantly greater healing rates and less day and night heartburn and regurgitation than ranitidine patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The most common on-treatment , severe-intensity adverse event in both studies was acute exacerbation of COPD ( 1-4 [ < 1-2 % ] patients across treatment groups in study 1 and 1-6 [ < 1-3 % ] patients in study 2 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study aimed to determine the relative effectiveness of 12 months of interim methadone ( IM ; supervised methadone with emergency counseling only for the first 4 months of treatment ) , standard methadone treatment ( SM ; with routine counseling ) and restored methadone treatment ( RM : routine counseling with smaller case-loads ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Anti-larval measures are a promising complement to ITN distribution in the economically important highland areas and similar transmission settings in Africa .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Forty-one women were recruited after delivery of a full-term singleton infant and randomly assigned to intervention or usual care groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: When applicable , Tukey post hoc comparisons were conducted .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All participants used the Provox hands-free HME valve with an Xtrabase adhesive for 1 month , 2 weeks with an ENB 2.0 , and 2 weeks without .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: But pain scores of R3 group was significantly lower than those of R3 + group ( 3.0 1.9 vs 3.6 1.9 , P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>I've successfully recorded all of this data.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-04 00:00]\n<User>I'm providing classification data with labels for your reference:\n\nSample: A prototype 4-mm-diameter video esophagoscope is available .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Six women and four men were enrolled .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Furthermore , we separately assessed equol-producing and non-equol-producing women .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The neuropsychological scales [ mini-mental state examination ( MMSE ) and Montreal cognitive assessment ( MOCA ) score ] and Chinese medicine dementia syndromes scales were observed before and after treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After adjusting for age and competing risk of death , the estimated 35-year conditional probability of diabetes in men with permanent stress was 42.6 % , compared with 31.0 % for those with periodic stress and 31.2 % with no stress .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This cluster-randomized trial involved children aged 19 to 35 months needing immunizations in 8 rural and 6 urban Colorado counties .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The mean RR of the SUVp in primary tumors was 70.3 % + / - 28.7 % , and this value was significantly different by the pathological response ( 89.2 % + / - 11.1 % in pCR vs. 66.9 % + / - 29.6 % in non-pCR , P < .001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The final mean DI in dogs having JPS was 0.28 , 47 % improved over preoperative values and 58 % better than control .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Among patients eligible for the study , 508 ( 14.8 % ) took a fecal occult blood test after being invited ; 285 ( 15 % ; 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 13.5-16 .7 ) in the intervention group and 223 ( 14.6 % ; 95 % CI , 12.9-16 .5 ) in the control group , with no statistical difference between the 2 groups ( odds ratio 1.04 ; 95 % CI , 0.83-1 .31 ; P = .731 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The long-term management of gastroesophageal reflux in patients with Barrett 's esophagus ( BE ) is not well supported by an evidence-based consensus .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Recently , it was reported that an extract from Maitake mushroom ( Grifola frondosa ) improves insulin resistance .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Furthermore , tiotropium significantly improved the St George 's Respiratory Questionnaire total score compared with placebo at week 48 ( 40.9 versus 43.7 units , P < 0.005 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the mild to moderate asthma patients , no statistical differences between the two groups for forced vital capacity ( FVC ) , forced expired volume in one second ( FEV ( 1 ) ) , and expiratory flow in 50 % forced vital capacity ( FEF ( 50 ) ) were presented .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A total of 55 patients completed the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The duration of the efficacy was also followed subsequently after 8 weeks of placebo treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Further studies are needed to corroborate these findings .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Large randomized screening trials provide an estimation of the effect of screening at a population-based level .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: ED and ES volumes increased after adenosine but decreased after treadmill resulting in the post-stress LVEF being significantly greater than after adenosine , 60 + / - 11 v. 51 + / - 13 % ( p < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The PACSLAC was revised based on the relevant clinical and theoretical literature .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Cardiogenic shock was not an exclusion criterion , and data for these patients were prospectively collected .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: CD4 cell response was better in the switch group ( median CD4 percentage at 52 weeks , 34.7 ) vs the control group ( CD4 percentage , 31.3 ) ( P = .004 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In total , 112 clinical pregnancies resulted ( pregnancy rate = 46.5 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Two other independent examiners evaluated the restorations at baseline according to the USPHS criteria and USPHS modified criteria for the items color match and surface appearance .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: appendectomy wounds in children can be closed with continuous , absorbable sutures , even in complicated cases .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This unblinded , randomized , pilot study suggests that treatment with half doses of albumin is effective in the prevention of paracentesis-induced circulatory dysfunction and its related clinical complications in cirrhotic patients with tense ascites treated by large volume paracentesis .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Pharmacokinetic ( PK ) parameter data were collected , and an analysis of sex as a factor in the PK/PD relationship was conducted .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In 2003 the International Breast Cancer Study Group ( IBCSG ) initiated the TEXT and SOFT randomized phase III trials to answer two questions concerning adjuvant treatment for premenopausal women with endocrine-responsive early breast cancer : 1-What is the role of aromatase inhibitors ( AI ) for women treated with ovarian function suppression ( OFS ) ?\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Ninety patients received treatment , including 46 patients on Arm A and 44 patients on Arm B. Partial responses with improvement in all 3 cell lines occurred in 6 patients ( 7 % ) , and hematologic improvement ( in 1 or 2 cell lines ) was observed in 21 patients ( 23 % ) , for an overall response rate of 30 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Three patients had simulating lesions , including one patient with persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous and two with Coats disease .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A total of 121 ( 89 % of goal ) participants were randomized over 18 months and 79 % provided complete followup data .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients with comorbid Axis II disorders took longer to recover than did patients without comorbid Axis II disorders regardless of the condition ( P = .01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Interleukin 17 ( IL-17 ) is thought to be a key inflammatory cytokine in the development of ankylosing spondylitis , the prototypical form of spondyloarthritis .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: At postintervention follow-up , more intervention than control youth believed that they could be intimate without having sex , could have a girlfriend or boyfriend for a long time without having sex , could explain the process of impregnation , knew how to use a condom , and could ask for condoms in a clinic .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The experimental group had a significantly higher mean improved Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score and better outcomes in all three dimensions of the test than the control group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Interviews with children reveal that eating whole fresh fruit can be difficult for those with small mouths or braces .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The units of observation are individual children because measure adherence is abstracted from individual patient 's medical records .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: NCEP LDL-C goal attainment was lowest in the high-risk group with atherosclerotic vascular disease ( 12-64 % ) and greatest in the moderate and low-risk groups ( 84-100 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thank you for sharing. I've noted this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-05 00:00]\n<User>Please learn from these labeled classification instances:\n\nSample: Angiotensin-converting enzyme ( ACE ) inhibitors reduce mortality , myocardial infarction , stroke , heart failure , need for revascularization , nephropathy , and diabetes and its complications .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: No clinically relevant morphine sparing effect was seen in patients with renal colic treated with 50 mg oral diclofenac every 8 hours or a single dose of 50 mg rofecoxib as a representative of the specific inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: All 3 doses of intranasal midazolam were effective in modifying the behaviour of the uncooperative child patient to accept dental treatment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The difference between mitral A wave and pulmonary venous flow reversal duration was significantly changed during follow-up ( baseline vs 12 months : placebo , 22 + / - 11 ms to 24 + / - 11 ; metoprolol , 11 + / - 21 to 32 + / - 17 ms ; P = .02 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: CGGT participants demonstrated higher treatment response than TAU participants .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Acupuncture is a safe , effective and important method for treating PSAN .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: These results support findings in Caucasian subjects , and confirm that fexofenadine has greater antihistaminergic activity than loratadine in this human model .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Some participants also received bone density testing .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Hemolysis , elevated liver enzymes , and low platelets ( HELLP ) syndrome is one of the most severe forms of preeclampsia and aggravates both maternal and perinatal prognosis .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Randomized , prospective , unblinded study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Possible effects on blood loss may have been obscured by the lesser use of additional oxytocics in the misoprostol group ( 14 % v. 18 % , RR 0.78 , CI 0.54-1 .13 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary outcome is the incidence of postoperative bleeding and cardiovascular events at 30 days after surgery .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At 7 months after the first vaccination , good and excellent responders in the ID group were 72 % ( 18/25 ) and 20 % ( 5/25 ) compared with 34.5 % ( 9/26 ) and 34.5 % ( 9/26 ) , respectively ( p > 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Despite preoperative anaemia treatment , a risk of postoperative anaemia remains .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Higher levels of mother-daughter sexual risk communication were associated with fewer episodes of sexual intercourse and unprotected intercourse at 3-month follow-up .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To evaluate the ( 1 ) efficacy of Chinese acupuncture in treating postoperative oral surgery pain , ( 2 ) validity of a placebo-controlled procedure , and ( 3 ) effects of psychological factors on outcomes .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Those who received CST showed significantly greater ability to cope with pain than those in the self-monitoring condition and a trend toward decreased pain intensity .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Future smoking prevention interventions are recommended to start closer to the age of actual smoking uptake .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Reanalysis of a trial of acupuncture versus placebo for shoulder pain slightly strengthened the evidence of acupuncture effectiveness .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients had a mean of 2.8 + 2.2 visits to the study physician during the study period .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Initial amounts of IL-1 , TGF-1 and VEGF for both the ROX and placebo groups were significantly higher than those for healthy subjects ( p < 0.017 ) , with no statistical difference between the two study groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study aimed to determine whether adding orange juice to 2 L of polyethylene glycol plus ascorbic acid is effective for reducing patient discomfort and improving palatability during bowel preparation .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: We enrolled twelve ASA I classified women with singleton pregnancy who delivered vaginally in the period 3/2010 -5 / 2010 and who received rPCA ( n = 12 ) in standard analgesic protocol : 20 g boluses using PCA pump with a lockout interval of 3 min .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All subjects were prescribed a mood stabilizer , and other medications were used as needed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: On each test day , participants completed an olfactory detection threshold test for two different odors : ( 1 ) lyral , a synthetic fragrance compound for which patients with schizophrenia have specific olfactory detection threshold deficits , possibly related to decreased cyclic adenosine 3 ' ,5 ' - monophosphate ( cAMP ) signaling ; and ( 2 ) anise , a compound for which olfactory detection thresholds change with menstrual cycle phase in women .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The experimental group ( n = 20 ) was given 0.5 % bupivacaine ( 2 mg/kg ) , epinephrine ( 100 microg ) and fentanyl ( 2.5 microg/kg ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: They would rather walk with the devices than delay walking until a normative gait pattern was achieved without them .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Erythrocyte deformability was significantly increased on days 28 and 42 in the infants receiving rhEPO .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: All subjects returned within 2 weeks for 2 retention trials to determine the efficacy of the learned skill .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Nonlinear intetumumab pharmacokinetics and potential intetumumab-dacarbazine interactions were observed .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In cycle 1 , all received the OC alone , per standard 28-day pack instructions .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To determine the outcomes of a modified amniotic membrane transplantation ( AMT ) suturing technique for pain and discomfort relief in patients with symptomatic bullous keratopathy ( BK ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: To identify recruitment difficulties in a community-based trial of chlamydia screening and to investigate how they might be overcome .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: One hour prior to surgery and at assigned intervals for 36 hours after surgery , heart rate , respiratory rate , and rectal temperature were measured .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The most common adverse events were wound infections ( 1.3 % ) , bleeding ( 0.8 % ) , and delayed wound healing or suture line disruption ( 0.8 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After 28 days , 58 % of subjects receiving CQ had cleared parasitaemia and remained aparasitaemic , compared to 94 % receiving CQ combined with SP ( p < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Among subjects receiving placebo , 77 % of subjects reported flushing with niacin ER .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Excellent. I've documented all of this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-06 00:00]\n<User>Here are some annotated classification examples:\n\nSample: Compensatory hyperhidrosis was present in 29 patients ( 90.6 % ) of the T3-T4 group and in 17 T4 patients ( 56.7 % ) after 1 month .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: An inferior frequency detection of Porphyromonas gingivalis was observed in the PDT protocol at 3 and 6 months and in the SRP protocol at 6 months from baseline ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No residual postoperative NMB was observed .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Proton-pump inhibitors effectively suppress stomach acidity .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: For equity of training , the control group received the intervention after the scenario .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Notably , combinations of two or three biomarkers assessed at baseline were predictive of various clinical outcomes ( ASAS 20 , Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index 50 or Bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index ) using a logistic regression analysis , and the overall predictive values for these combined biomarkers were greater than observed for C-reactive protein ( CRP ) alone .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The larger yoke was tolerated better by volunteers when clinically relevant cricoid forces were applied .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This prospective , randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , convenience sample trial was conducted in the emergency department of our tertiary care university-affiliated hospital .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Both the CVR and oral norethisterone are effective treatments for idiopathic HMB .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There was significantly greater endothelium-dependent vasodilation observed in the pravastatin group compared with the placebo group ( 13 % vs 8 % , P = .0002 ) , with no difference between the groups in their response to the endothelium-independent vasodilator nitroglycerin .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The ewes were given either 20 mg/kg inorganic selenium as sodium selenite or organic selenium as selenized nonviable yeast supplementation for the two last months of pregnancy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There is a high rate of relapse with both active medication and placebo in patients with chronic depression .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: These data do not support a significant ethnic effect on the peak or maximal response to rhGH .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To determine the change in the chemical composition of enamel and dentin as well as to evaluate the differences in surface texture of the same dental hard tissues following three at-home bleaching systems in vitro .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: This study was designed to investigate the role of COX-2 in cough reflex sensitivity in patients with asthma .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: There were no significant drug group by age interaction in depressive or psychotic symptoms , mental Short Form-12 , or quality of life scores .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was also significant improvement in performance of the fatigued group to approximately baseline performance ( p < 0.05 ) , although they were not able to reach their optimal potential performance .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Intermediate and advanced providers , who brought patients to a Level 1 emergency department , were given a handout and viewed an instructional video describing the bougie and its use .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The standard filter with longer hollow fibers had significantly lower TMPs ( 106 vs. 194 mmHg , p = 0.02 ) and longer running times ( 1276 vs. 851 min , p = 0.04 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Adverse events , mostly gastrointestinal ( 7 % with Form IV FCIR and 13 % with Form XLI FCIR ) , were mild to moderate in both studies .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary end point was progression-free survival .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In addition to the previously reported longitudinal pattern of response during acute treatment , neurovegetative symptom pattern was a predictor of fluoxetine benefit compared with placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Likewise , prebypass values of ecto-5 ' - nucleotidase ( nanomoles/mg protein per minute ) were similar in control ( 3.14 + / -1.02 ) and adenosine-treated ( 2.66 + / -1.08 ) patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Cardiopulmonary bypass ( CPB ) is known to cause the systemic inflammatory reaction after cardiac surgery .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Breast MRI has moderate sensitivity and high specificity for predicting axillary lymph node status prior to NAC .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Light therapy appears particularly promising .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: It remained higher on fenofibrate than on placebo , but the chronic rise was slower ( 1.62 vs 1.89 mol/l annually , p = 0.01 ) , with less estimated GFR loss ( 1.19 vs 2.03 ml min ( -1 ) 1.73 m ( -2 ) annually , p < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Apixaban for Prevention of Acute Ischemic and Safety Events ( APPRAISE ) was a phase 2 , double-blind , placebo-controlled , dose-ranging study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The baseline levels of the markers were statistically the same ( p > 0.05 ) between the two fixation groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The total effective rate was 91.1 % in the treatment group , 71.1 % in the control group I and 46.7 % in the control group II , with a significant difference among the 3 groups ( P < 0.05 ) , and with a significant difference in the recurrence rate one year later among the cured cases of the 3 groups ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The analysis of covariance test was performed to compare the means of both groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: American Journal of Preventive Medicine , 38 , 482-490 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The dosage was 0.5 ml/kg .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In contrast , intakes of FVs ( P-trend = 0.006 ) , vegetables alone ( P-trend = 0.03 ) , and - carotene-rich FVs ( P-trend = 0.02 ) were negatively associated with executive functioning scores .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twenty patients with stable plaque-type psoriasis were enrolled into a prospective , right-left comparative , open study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Metformin is an insulin sensitising agent which is known to improve vascular health outcomes in type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) and other individuals with insulin resistance .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: With a median follow-up of 6.9 years , the 5-year local control rate was higher in the LCAF arm ( 87.6 % vs. 75.9 % , P = 0.044 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 50 ASA physical status I and II patients , aged 20 to 50 years , scheduled for minor surgery .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Forty five patients were re-examined 1 year and 65 two years after treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the treatment group , symptom response and physical energy level were improved by 36.6 % ( Z = -2.632 , P = 0.008 ) and 26.7 % ( Z = -2.182 , P = 0.029 ) , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients with a recent admission for heart failure and left ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF ) < 40 % were assigned randomly to HTM , NTS , or UC in a 2:2:1 ratio .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This 160-week clinical trial enrolled 60 women , with a mean age of 59 ( 7 ) years , allocated into four groups : G1 ( soy protein plus exercise ) , G2 ( placebo plus exercise ) , G3 ( soy protein and no exercise ) and G4 ( placebo and no exercise ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These effects were linearly correlated with the reduction in rate pressure product ( RPP ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A history of depression is a risk factor for incident heart disease after adjusting for numerous covariates .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Four hospital-based ambulatory geriatric assessment clinics and community physicians ' offices .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of changing position and early ambulation on the level of comfort , satisfaction , and fatigue and on the amount of bleeding and hematoma after cardiac catheterization .\n\nLabels: 3\n<Assistant>Appreciated. I'll retain these important details.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-07 00:00]\n<User>I'm sharing some classification data with labels for you to learn:\n\nSample: After treatment , the treatment group 's TNF-alpha , IL-6 level were comparatively lower than that in the control group ( P < 0.01 ) , and IL-10 level were clearly higher than that of the control group ( P < 0.01 ) , comparison of the treatment group before treatment ( P < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Advantages and disadvantages of several aspects of the chosen design are discussed .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: No appreciable difference in the platelet inhibition profile of abciximab was observed between the 2 thrombolytics .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The frequency of hypertension and the use of antihypertensive therapy were similar between the tPA and placebo groups in the NINDS rt-PA Stroke Trial .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Participants were randomized from October 2008 through February 2012 at 26 centers in North America .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Seventy-three percent were male patients and 78 % Caucasian ; mean age was 13 3.5 years .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Secondary outcomes included defecation frequency , stool consistency ( measured using the Bristol Stool Form Scale ) , and CTT .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In addition , patients in the control group reported a significant decrease in social activities , physical fitness , and feelings .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study assesses the safety outcome of early oral feeding and reports on the factors affecting early postoperative feeding after colorectal procedures .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: We examined the effects of candesartan and losartan on uric acid , creatinine , and fibrinogen .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Postmenopausal women without hypercoagulability risk factors who were prevalent GC users were randomised to receive either raloxifene ( 60 mg/day ) or placebo ( 1 tablet/day ) on top of calcium ( 1000 mg/day ) and calcitriol ( 0.25 g/day ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A few , but not statistically significant different complications , were observed in both groups : vaginal mucosa perforation , urinary retention , urinary infection , tape exposure , and de novo urgency .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Pneumoproteins , coagulation and adhesion factors , and cytokines were measured .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Monitoring with BIS during the ESD procedure did not lead to a reduction in the dose of propofol required , but did lead to higher satisfaction scores from the patients and endoscopists .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The patients in the high-dose KRG group showed significant improvement on the ADAS and CDR after 12 weeks of KRG therapy when compared with those in the control group ( P = 0.032 and 0.006 respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , the intervention demonstrated little ability to reduce depressive symptoms in this sample of HIV-infected older adults diagnosed with depression .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The LRS control group ( CLRS ) ( n = 8 ) received LRS at a rate of 60 mL kg ( -1 ) day ( -1 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Participants in the adapted-NFPP and IY arms receive an induction visit followed by 12 weekly parenting sessions of 1hours ( adapted-NFPP ) or 2hours ( IY ) over 2.5 years .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Horses were preconditioned on a treadmill to establish uniform level of fitness .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Treatment success with terlipressin was double that with placebo ( 25 % vs 12.5 % , P = .093 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Odds ratio for re-admission and mortality after 26 weeks was 1.62 ( 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) 0.85 to 3.10 ) and 0.60 ( 95 % CI 0.17 to 2.13 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Lower doses of adenosine were more effective after central than after peripheral administration , with 63 % of the subjects requiring a lesser dose .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients in group 2 ( n = 100 ) received placebo .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Analysis of area under the net balance curves indicated an overall greater net balance after milk ingestion ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Eleven patients completed the study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Anaesthesia was induced using a rapid-sequence technique with propofol and suxamethonium , and was maintained with 0.5-0 .75 minimum alveolar concentration sevoflurane .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Thirteen percent of patients receiving HDE regained a pulse in the field vs 8 % of those receiving SDE ( P = .01 ) , and 18 % of HDE patients were admitted to the hospital vs 10 % of SDE patients who were admitted to the hospital ( P = .02 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The mortality benefit of screening men aged 65-74 for abdominal aortic aneurysm is maintained up to 10 years and cost effectiveness becomes more favourable over time .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The immediate availability of item-analysis data strengthened the post-examination review sessions .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A multi-way sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the use of XELOX remained cost-saving from an Australian government health budget perspective .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy had an acceptable operating time ( 85 min ) , a low complication rate , lack of severe post-operative complications , and the lowest consumption of analgesics .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study was terminated prematurely due to an unacceptable level of complications in the heparin arm of the trial .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled clinical trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: It was also found that , in all age groups and for all topics , black tended to be the most frequently chosen colour for colouring in the drawings of the negatively characterised figures .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To characterize the perception and clinical practice of Canadian respirologists regarding the indications and prescription of nocturnal oxygen therapy in COPD , and to determine what Canadian respirologists consider an important treatment effect of nocturnal oxygen therapy in a randomized , placebo-controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: A time series of different levels of input and outcomes would provide valuable information for practitioners .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Per an intent-to-treat analysis , overall response , evaluated on 80 patients , was 49.1 % for GP ( CR : 14.5 % ; PR : 34.5 % ) and 40.0 % for GC ( CR : 1.8 % ; PR : 38.2 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Heatstroke center in Makkah , Saudi Arabia .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To assess long-term differences in mortality associated with initial Hodgkin disease therapy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: IPTi had no significant effect on anaemia between 16 and 24 months of age ( protective efficacy -6.4 % , -76.8 % to 35.9 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: If DO2I was > 600 , no attempt was made to increase VO2I even if it was < 150 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand ( sRANKL ) to osteoprotegerin ratio is designated as a bone metabolism equation in many rheumatologic disorders and would be modified with fish oil ( FO ) supplementation .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Serum contents of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta of patients in all groups increased rapidly after burn , and although contents of TNF-alpha ( 318 + / - 57 ) ng/mL and IL-1beta ( 218 + / - 47 ) pg/mL of patients in L-arginine 200 mg group peaked on PBD 5 , they were still significantly lower than those of patients in control group [ ( 389 + / - 34 ) ng/mL , ( 272 + / - 40 ) pg/mL , P < 0.05 ] , but they decreased on PBD 7 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Here , we present CAP results in a substudy of elderly patients from the AGELESS study .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation ( FMD ) , pulse wave velocity ( PWV ) and - stiffness of the common carotid artery were measured on the 1st , 14th and 30th day of the study using an Aloka instrument by integrated eTracking .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Diabetes is diagnosed if two consecutive plasma glucose levels exceed diagnostic thresholds ( i.e. fasting > / = 7.0 mmol/l or 2-h > / = 11.1 mmol/l ) within a 3-month period .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Thanks for letting me know. I'll keep track of this.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-08 00:00]\n<User>The following classification examples include important label information:\n\nSample: After single meals , plasma glucose was substantially lower 30 and 60 min after the chickpea meal than after the other 2 meals ( P < 0.05 ) , and plasma insulin and HOMA were lower at 120 min ( P < 0.05 for both ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To determine whether protein-creatinine ratio ( PCR ) and albumin-creatinine ratio ( ACR ) are comparable to 24h urine protein in terms of agreement and repeatability , and therefore whether they are suitable for monitoring and comparing reduction in proteinuria in clinical trials of endothelin receptor antagonists .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Subjects were assigned to one of the experimental ( 1.8 g/d omega-3 ) , placebo ( R.P. Scherer ) , or control groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The frequency of adverse events increased with dose , such that 8 % of subjects who received 5 microg and 42 % of subjects who received 10 microg experienced adverse events .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The aim of this report was to evaluate the outcome and complications of the treatment of numerous patients with mucoceles of lower lip by means of CO ( 2 ) laser vaporization .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: A total of 81 men underwent prostate vaporization and 79 underwent transurethral prostate resection .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Serum harvested from the blood samples was analyzed for the presence of ibuprofen by high-pressure liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were few site visits except through AdWord click-throughs .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The mean overall decline in the hot flush rate was 74.6 % for the 0.1 mg patch versus 64.5 % for the 0.05 mg patch ( p < or = 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Analysis was by intention to treat .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After 7 days of spironolactone there were increases in urinary sodium excretion ( 43.5 + / - 15.6 vs. 106.8 + / - 34.7 mmol/day ; P < 0.05 ) and urine volume ( 769.1 + / - 206.5 vs. 1541.6 + / - 342.6 mL/day ; P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were randomised to receive ranitidine 50 mg tid intravenously alone ( Group A : 44 patients , 29 men ) , or in combination with octreotide 100 micrograms tid subcutaneously , the second drug given for three days only ( Group B : 40 patients , 29 men ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: It significantly reduced the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Penalized regression of NTM data identified the best prediction model .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Studies in this model could provide insight into the mechanisms underlying neurological motor disturbance in brain-injured patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Several process variables have been identified as affecting success in in vivo weight loss programs for adults and children , including program adherence , self-efficacy , and social support .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Reductions in adherence and exercise training volume and intensity seem to impede the effectiveness of home-based training for maintaining improved glycemic control .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The difference remained significant when the data for men and women were analyzed separately .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We measured the numbers of PHTC , time on study gas , and hours spent in intensive care .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Data collected for the divided attention parameter included time to response and number of correct responses .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was statistically significant symptomatic improvement in both treatment groups compared with the wait-list group , with no significant differences in outcomes between the two treatment groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The intent-to-treat population comprised 192 patients ( 100 basiliximab and 92 placebo ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The level of sexual desire after injection was significantly higher after Melanotan II administration than after placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Systemic and pulmonary arterial pressure , pulmonary arterial occlusion pressure , cardiac output , central venous pressure , peripheral arterial oxygen saturation , and arterial and mixed venous blood gases were measured during right-heart catheterization by using a Swan-Ganz catheter .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The first group received hard shell hip protectors without cost ( no cost group ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We enrolled 225 children in each group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Incorporating moderate quantities of walnuts into the recommended cholesterol-lowering diet while maintaining the intake of total dietary fat and calories decreases serum levels of total cholesterol and favorably modifies the lipoprotein profile in normal men .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Statistically significant changes in assessment may not be clinically meaningful .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: They were interviewed at first presentation , and 1856 ( 93 % ) were interviewed 3 months later .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At 36 months for complete and qualified success with a < 21 and < 18 mmHg target IOP , no significant differences were noted between the two groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To assess the efficacy and treatment compliance of a home-based rehabilitation programme for chronic low back pain ( CLBP ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: These results suggest that olmesartan medoxomil combined with amlodipine is effective and well tolerated in reducing BP in patients with moderate to severe hypertension .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Errorless learning is an effective strategy for the cognitive rehabilitation of memory impairment , but there is little evidence to support its use for skill learning .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Finally , there was greater adherence among physicians to the NIH model for physician smoking treatment for patients in the intervention versus the usual care group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A randomized , double-blind study was conducted to assess the anti-HIV and anti-herpes simplex virus ( HSV ) activity of PRO 2000 in CVL samples obtained at screening ( 48 hours before ) and 1 hour after application of study or placebo gel .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The ages of the children ranged from 7-15 years ( mean 9.4 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We investigated the effects of increasing vitamin D intake to the recommended amount by fortification of milk and bread on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [ 25 ( OH ) D ] concentrations in families during winter in Denmark .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Fusion was evaluated by fine-cut computed tomography scan 2 years postoperatively by 3 reviewers .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This analysis did not establish a clear survival benefit for increasing received dose or dose-intensity in the context of this two-drug regimen .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Eligible patients were to have a glycated hemoglobin ( HbA1c ) value < or = 8.5 % and mean fasting plasma glucose ( FPG ) concentrations < or = 200 mg/dL while receiving MIR 500 mg BID for at least 8 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Early reduction in glycemia is a stronger predictor of future diabetes risk than weight loss for metformin .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The data showed a significant difference in the behavioral score between groups F and P , groups K and P , and groups F and K at time B , and between groups K and P at time C.\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Observations made so far confirm that full recruitment into the study is feasible and that treatment with perindopril and indapamide is well tolerated in the study population .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A 24 % LDL cholesterol reduction was obtained with policosanol , compared with a 22 % reduction with lovastatin and a 15 % reduction with simvastatin .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: THVE is associated with cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic alterations and may be not tolerated by some patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Uterine size > 20 wk , fibroids > 15 cm were excluded .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Endoscopic ultrasonography ( EUS ) is a minimally invasive diagnostic tool for common bile duct stones ( CBDS ) and may be used to select patients for therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiography ( ERC ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n<Assistant>Thanks for the information. I've saved it.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-09 00:00]\n<User>These are labeled examples for classification tasks:\n\nSample: Abduction , flexion , external rotation at 90 degrees of abduction , internal rotation at 0 degrees of abduction , and internal rotation at 90 degrees of abduction recovered more rapidly in group 2 within 3 months after surgery ; however , there was no significant difference in ROM after 6 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Baseline levels of IL-6 , hsCRP or PTX3 were not significantly associated with a higher risk of recurrence of AF .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: ( NCT01262417 ) .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Noninvasive ultrasound measurements of endothelium-dependent ( EDD ) and - independent dilatation ( EID ) of the brachial artery were performed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The mean NRS pain score before the most recent dose of pain medication after ED discharge was 7.6 NRS units for both groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were randomly assigned to receive standard episode-of-care-based education or intensive repetitive written education about skin cancer after organ transplantation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Consecutive GERD patients underwent urea breath testing and completed validated GERD symptom severity , and quality of life questionnaires as well as , 24-h pH-metry .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Treatment was well tolerated with only one ( 10 % ) dropout .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No complications and no adverse effects were observed .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: For the economic evaluation , healthcare costs and costs outside the healthcare sector will be measured at the same time as the clinical measures , at baseline , 3 , 6 and 9 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At baseline , the subjects had an average age of 42.0 + / -7.1 years and BMI of 30.9 + / -2.8 kg/m2 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Our data suggest that ITBVI may be a better target parameter than HOU in the fluid resuscitation of severely burned patients after injury .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The observed increases were 31.4 mg/dl , 28.7 mg/dl , and 30 mg/dl in LDL cholesterol , 19.3 mg/dl , 22.3 mg/dl , and 20.6 mg/dl in HDL cholesterol , and 56.8 mg/dl , 53 mg/dl , and 57.3 mg/dl in total cholesterol ( P < 0.0001 versus baseline for each comparison ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 110 SMI service users and 110 keyworkers were interviewed , using Camberwell Assessment of Need ; SF-36 ; Lancashire Quality-of-Life profile ; demographic and clinical information .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Forty-two patients having been suspected of suffering from primary liver tumor or hepatic metastasis by ultrasonography ( US ) or CT received Gd-BOPTA or Gd-DTPA in contrast-enhanced MRI examination pre - and post-contrast MRI .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After 4 weeks , 64 % of patients reported that methylphenidate improved their cancer-related fatigue , and 58 % wanted to continue treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This double-blind , randomized , controlled study was conducted in the emergency department of an urban tertiary-care hospital from January 2011 to October 2011 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To investigate the relationship between exposure to antiretroviral drugs and the initial decline of plasma HIV-1 RNA .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Radiofrequency ablation ( RFA ) has been considered as an important therapy for small renal lesions .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Children did not show statistically significant improvements in bedtime .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Harvesting of iliac crest bone graft is associated with significant pain .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Performance in the written retention test also improved significantly immediately after training for both groups but declined similarly upon repeat testing 4 weeks later .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Retrospective , observational , comparative case series .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The present study examines the injury status in women runners who are randomised to receive a neutral , stability or motion control running shoe .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Sublingual intake of testosterone caused a sharp increase in plasma testosterone levels within 15 minutes ; these levels declined to baseline values within 90 minutes .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: For a more comprehensive evaluation of the possible treatment of patients with IGT , the alternatives under comparison and the time horizon of the study would need to be increased and more refined health outcome measures , comprising all the treatment 's health effects , would need to be introduced .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Results will provide data on treatment efficacy , direct and indirect treatment costs , as well as on associations of treatment outcome and PTSD intensity both to epigenetic profiles and to the neurobiological processing of threat cues .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Administration of either EMLA cream ( 0.5 g topically 1 hour before circumcision ) or 1 % lidocaine ( 0.7-1 .0 mL subcutaneously 3 minutes before circumcision ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In this post hoc analysis , the impact of statin therapy on graft patency and vein graft intimal hyperplasia was assessed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: CWDB were isolated from 74.2 % of psoriasis patients , 23.5 % of chronic tonsillitis patients and only 6.3 % of controls .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To evaluate the effects of hemodilution during controlled hypotension on , the hepatic renal , and pancreatic function in the clinical setting .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The volume of ovarian endometriotic cysts , pain score of visual analogue scale ( VAS ) , menstrual pattern , body weight , serum CA125 and serum lipids were compared to the pretreatment level within each treatment group , as well as between two treatment groups during the same period .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: It also demonstrated that new mood episodes are frequent in individuals with bipolar disorder who achieve recovery and are likely to occur in spite of specialized , guideline-based treatments .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>Thank you for sharing. I've noted this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-10 00:00]\n<User>I have some labeled classification examples for you to study:\n\nSample: For this purpose , we measured pressure-flow relations in the coronary vasculature during heart operations before and after ischemia and after reperfusion and their reaction to the nitric oxide donor nitroglycerin .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Statistical analyses included paired Student 's t-test and ANCOVA or non-parametric tests when indicated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Also , little is known about the association between cytogenetics and the characteristics of relapse ( eg , time and site of relapse ) that are known to predict outcome after relapse .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The results also provide little evidence of spontaneous recovery over a 1-month period .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Placebo had no effect .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: It was rapidly cleared from the blood and had a short half-life , which insures a short light-avoidance period .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The level of parenting stress was measured by the Parenting Stress Index ( PSI ) at baseline , after the 4-week intervention , and at the 8-week follow-up visit .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The two groups were not significantly different in KSS , and no apparent complication was observed at three time points .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Levels of plasma ascorbate , creatinine , and SU were measured on day 0 and week 8 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The E concentration increased significantly ( from 215 to 295 pg/ml , p = 0.024 ) in the B+Q+V group at the end of the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Single 0.5 or 1 mg/kg injection of ketamine given before surgical incision by peritonsillar infiltration provides efficient pain relief during postoperative period without significant side-effects in children undergoing tonsillectomy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The biological parameters , serum calcium , phosphorus , 25 ( OH ) D and parathormone ( PTH ) levels , were monitored monthly for 12 consecutive months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: FMD significantly improved with the acupuncture treatment at ST 36 ( 0.266 + / - 0.078 mm to 0.306 + / - 0.077 mm , p = 0.003 ) and ST 36 plus PC 6 ( 0.284 + / - 0.098 mm to 0.332 + / - 0.103 mm , p < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients received pioglitazone with or without other oral glucose-lowering drugs ( excluding another thiazolidinedione ) ( n = 89 ) or oral glucose-lowering drugs , excluding thiazolidinediones ( n = 97 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Compared to the control intervention , the cost per additional kilogram lost was $ 2,204 / kg , and for blood pressure , $ 621 / mmHg .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We enrolled 70 patients , 35 in each group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: More infants in the early-insulin group had episodes of hypoglycemia ( defined as a blood glucose level of < 2.6 mmol per liter [ 47 mg per deciliter ] for > 1 hour ) ( 29 % in the early-insulin group vs. 17 % in the control group , P = 0.005 ) , and the increase in hypoglycemia was significant in infants with birth weights of more than 1 kg .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Taken together , these variables explained 20 % of the variance in life satisfaction scores .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: These results demonstrate , for the first time , that caffeine exerts an acute unfavorable effect on aortic stiffness in treated hypertensive patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Recognizing the importance of a multimodal approach for perioperative pain management , we aim to investigate whether a transversus abdominis plane block delivers superior pain control in comparison to perioperative intravenous lidocaine and patient-controlled intravenous analgesia with morphine alone .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Safety events were assessed during the short-term ( duration 12 months ) and cumulative ( short-term plus longterm extensions ) abatacept treatment periods .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Analysis was by intention to treat .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To evaluate the incidence of allergic rhinitis in patients with acute rhinosinusitis and identify the clinical spectrum in Taiwan .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Among the prospectively stratified subgroups of patients , 10-year survival rates favored those patients with ELND , with a 30 % reduction in mortality rate for the 543 patients with nonulcerated melanomas ( 84 % vs. 77 % ; P = .03 ) , a 30 % reduction in mortality rate for the 446 patients with tumor thickness of 1.0 to 2.0 mm ( 86 % vs. 80 % ; P = .03 ) , and a 27 % reduction in mortality rate for 385 patients with limb melanomas ( 84 % vs. 78 % ; P = .05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Biochemical estimates of bone turnover were not affected by salcatonin .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: IPT and ART have been reported to reduce TB incidence in adults but there are few studies in children .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Histological analyses were performed by evaluation method especially adapted to this study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The primary end point was in-stent minimal lumen diameter ( MLD ) at eight months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Tissue arrays were stained by immunohistochemistry targeting p53 , NDRG1 , SLC7A5 , CEACAM5 , and HTF9C .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A randomized controlled clinical trial of efficacy was performed to test this hypothesis .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Single stimulations were performed 15minutes prior and 15 , 45 , 75 , 105 , 165 , 225 , 285 , 405 and 525minutes after treatment .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Secondary outcomes compare the mean change in visual ability measured with the VA LV VFQ-48 ( overall ability , mobility , visual information processing , visual motor skills ) for the treatment and control groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: External argon laser choroidotomy and needle choroidotomy are comparable , safe , and effective ways to drain subretinal fluid during scleral buckle surgery .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In this prospective trial 51 men undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia were randomly assigned to serve as controls or receive 200 microg selenium daily orally for 1 month .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Data were analyzed using mixed-model methodology and the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel chi-square test .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Great! I've added this to my knowledge base."]
[{"question": "Sentence: URL : www.controlled-trials.com .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: ( ClinicalTrials.gov number , NCT00279045 [ ClinicalTrials.gov ] . )\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Secondary outcomes were change in mean sitting systolic and diastolic blood pressure , absolute risk for cardiovascular disease within five years based on the Framingham risk score , and proportion and rate of adverse events .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Sixty-one patients were treated with irradiation alone , and 59 patients received irradiation and misonidazole .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Data on pharmacokinetic parameters of the prodrug stimulant lisdexamfetamine dimesylate via alternate routes of administration are limited .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: <br />\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: FBF during reactive hyperemia was significantly improved by candesartan , whereas felodipine and placebo exerted no effect .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The different ventilatory modes showed similar effects on breathing pattern during sleep , arterial blood gases and degree of subjective comfort .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The relative risk for producing out-of-control changes with remifentanil compared to sufentanil is significantly more than 1 for HR decrease .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , physical activity appeared to be an effect modifier .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The feasibility of the procedures , analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis , was 96 % , 93 % and 95 % for TPL , EPL and LPL group respectively ( P = ns ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The primary analysis will focus on the change in the CRQ dyspnea score using a two-sided t distribution based on 95 % CIs .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: It hypothesised that nurses who use a decision tree in pressure ulcer care assess wound grade more accurately and select more appropriate dressings .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Measurement of antibody levels to AMA-1 at the time of malaria may offer a quantitative biomarker of blood stage immunity to P. falciparum , a tool which is currently lacking .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: LA treatment decreased C3 and C4 levels .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The trial was closed early because of poor accrual .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The change in plasma total TAG concentration was about two fold less ( P < 0.05 ) after lunch compared to breakfast .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: FMRI data were analyzed with SPM99 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Residents randomized to the intervention ( n = 39 ) received instruction on diabetes registry use ; quarterly performance audit , feedback , and written reports identifying patients needing care ; and had letters sent quarterly to patients needing hemoglobin A1c or cholesterol testing .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: At 16 + / -7 months after the final procedure , 89 % of the patients in whom AF terminated during LA RFA were in sinus rhythm .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The objective of this study was to measure the impact of enteral glutamine supplementation on infectious morbidity , length of care , and the immune system in burn patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The test meal interrupted fasting small intestinal motility in all subjects .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: High density lipoprotein ( HDL ) cholesterol levels were significantly ( p < 0.05 ) increased after 26 cycles in all active treatment groups compared with placebo .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Menstrual pain was also improved ( p = 0.044 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: One year after surgery the mean SD UDI incontinence domain score in the single incision sling and obturator system groups was 21 24 and 13 21 , respectively ( p < 0.01 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Fifteen anesthetists with 2-5 yr of residency and wearing either full antichemical protective gear or surgical attire intubated or inserted laryngeal masks in 60 anesthetized patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Parameters of SAP and OCT were compared between healthy controls and OSA patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Immunoglobulin E associated allergic disease ( eczema or food allergy with sensitisation ) at 1 year of age .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This study was conducted to evaluate whether this method is a safe and certain method .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: This clustering of the most hazardous risk factors is directly linked to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: By day 7 , the baseline VAS remaining in the active group was 7.9 % versus 38 % in the placebo group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The forced vital capacity ( FVC ) and the forced expiratory volume one second ( FEV1 ) were measured preoperatively and on 1st ( D1 ) and 2nd postoperative Day ( D2 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Part 2 ( comparison of SF and reformulated fortifier ( RF ) ) : MA occurred in 3 out of 15 ( SF ) and 6 out of 19 ( RF ) , p = 0.7 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The aim of this study was to compare the bowel cleansing effect of NaP solution with that of PEG-EL solution and to evaluate whether the cleansing effect correlates with the time needed to perform colonoscopy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: QoL was assessed using the Dermatology Life Quality Index ( DLQI ) and Psoriasis Disability Index ( PDI ) scales .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: clinicaltrials.gov NCT00846105 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: To evaluate the effect of resiquimod gel concentration on lesion clearance .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: At 6 months , self-management program participants had lower foot disability scores than the usual care group ( difference between scores -1 , 95 % C.I. -2 , 0 ) , and returned for fewer treatments within the 6-month study period ( 39 vs. 92 treatments ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Twenty-three women participating in GIFT programs ; 23 men participating in AIH programs .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: hr-1 ) ; 3 mg.kg-1 propofol iv , propofol/air/O2 maintenance ( 10-14 mg.kg-1 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Phenylephrine is helpful for preventing hypotension by increasing placental blood flow and improving oxygen supply to ensure maternal and fetal safety during cesarean section .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: After adjustment for lifestyle changes ( change in percentage body fat , aerobic capacity and saturated fat intake ) , these associations were partly reduced , but remained statistically significant .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The objective of this study was to investigate the possible chiral inversion and pharmacokinetics of the drug in vivo .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Donor age was 59 14 years , median death-to-surgery time was 4 days ( range , 2-9 days ) , 6 recipient pairs had Descemet membrane EK , and 21 had Descemet stripping automated EK .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: This paper describes the design of the trial , the intervention , and baseline characteristics of the participants .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Among intervention patients in a successful DDMP , improvement in A1C level was achieved regardless of age , race/ethnicity , sex , income , education , or insurance status .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The limits of agreement of the BIA methods were similar and between 9.9 and 12.9 kg .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Thirty-eight patients were randomly assigned to the group receiving an initial dose of amisulpride 800 mg/day , which they took until the end of the fourth week .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: We included a total of 72 healthy adult patients undergoing elective lower limb surgery .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Symptomatic improvement was observed with no differences in scores between groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Eighteen adult male Fabry patients , naive to enzyme replacement therapy , were randomized to one of five regimens : 0.1 , 0.2 , or 0.4 mg/kg weekly ; 0.2 mg/kg every other week ( the approved dose ) ; or 0.4 mg/kg every other week .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients at high risk for awareness were randomized to either BIS-guided or end-tidal anesthetic concentration-guided general anesthesia in the original trials .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: To study the effect of dexamethazone and dipyrone on sensory changes in the innervation territories of the inferior alveolar , infraorbital , and lingual nerves caused by third molar extractions .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Independent of other factors , older age is consistently a cause of disparity in cancer treatment practice and in clinical trial discussion with patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Squamous metaplasia was frequently observed in bronchial biopsy samples from chronic smokers .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: No significant difference was found in FEV ( 1 ) after use of a bronchodilator at two weeks ( 42.6 % , 3.4 % to 81.8 % versus 42.1 % , 5.1 % to 79.1 % ) or three months ( 41.5 % , 8.2 % to 74.8 % versus 41.9 % , 6.2 % to 77.6 % ) between the groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Moral competences were calculated ( C-index ) according to Lind 's methodology .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Secondary outcomes included ratings of pain and sleep quality as well as the ability to perform daily activities ( Ambulatory Post Acute Care Daily Activities Short Form ) , quality of life ( Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General ) , and fatigue ( Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Fatigue ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: 200 participants were randomly assigned to the gradual weight loss ( n = 103 ) or rapid weight loss ( n = 97 ) programme between Aug 8 , 2008 , and March 9 , 2010 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The lubricant regimen was applied twice a day , 10 minutes before lens insertion and after lens removal , for the 2-week study period .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse events were common and included neutropenia , leukopenia , increase in aspartate aminotransferase , and febrile neutropenia .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: PRO 140 is a humanized CCR5 monoclonal antibody that has demonstrated potent antiviral activity when it is administered intravenously to adults infected with CCR5-tropic ( R5 ) human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ( HIV-1 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Among pediatric residents , formal teaching enhances knowledge acquisition relative to self-study and lecture attendance .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The mean ( + / - SEM ) serum fentanyl concentrations ( SFC ) for both hypothermia treatments were significantly lower than baseline concentrations at t = 1 hour and persisted for the duration of anesthesia for the ISO-HYPO treatment but only from t = 1 to 2 hours for the HAL-HYPO treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In group 2 , the root canals were irrigated with a final flush of 10 % citric acid .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Taxus stents had more often NIH at the proximal stent edge compared with Cypher stents ( 45.1 vs. 7 % , P < 0.001 ) and no Cypher stents had NIH at the distal stent edge compared with 35.5 % of the Taxus stents ( P < 0.001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was no evidence that preoperative supplements were beneficial in reducing the number of complications , although there may be some benefit for surgical site infections in selected weight-losing preoperative patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Compared with placebo , teriparatide significantly increased PINP and lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD within each renal function subgroup , and there was no evidence that these increases were altered by renal insufficiency ( each treatment-by-subgroup interaction p > 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was a significant variation in MAP and HR over time within group , but not between groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Analyses were done both by the ` intention-to-treat ' and ` treatment-completed ' methods .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Many reconstruction methods after total gastrectomy ( TG ) lead patients to dumping syndrome , reflux esophagitis , and poor postoperative quality of life ( QOL ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Spanish National Health Investigation Fund , AstraZeneca .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The efficacy of parecoxib in attenuating this systemic inflammatory response is still unknown .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Bivalirudin , started during transport for primary PCI , improved 30-day clinical outcomes with a reduction in major bleeding but with an increase in acute stent thrombosis .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: To evaluate the effect of a 4.1-year ( range 3-6 years ) lifestyle intervention according to general public health recommendations on glucose tolerance and dropout in a Dutch population with impaired glucose tolerance ( IGT ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: When the latter all-in-one adhesive was used , effects of shrinkage stress became more apparent .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Catheter placement via the femoral route was successful in 70 of 78 patients ( 90 % ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Four died from uncorrectable congenital heart disease/cardiorespiratory failure without undergoing portoenterostomy , 7 underwent primary liver transplantation ( 3 referred > or = 19 weeks of age ) , and 60 underwent portoenterostomy at a median of 51 ( 10-104 ) days .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Our results indicate that there is no need for hesitancy in using left sided attempts at CVC insertion .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The primary objective was to determine if a single dose of casopitant 90 mg added to ondansetron and dexamethasone would improve the control of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting ( CINV ) over 0-120 h following initiation of oxaliplatin-based moderately emetic chemotherapy ( MEC ) compared to ondansetron and dexamethasone alone .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The only variable with a statistically significant difference was the greater cervical dilatation in the spontaneous grop at the moment of hospitalization .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Seventy-three drug-nave boys ( age 7-15 ) with ADHD ( combined type ) completed neuropsychological tasks from the CANTAB battery under randomised , placebo controlled , double-blind conditions following an acute challenge with either placebo ( n = 24 ) , .3 ( n = 25 ) or .6 ( n = 24 ) mg/kg oral MPH .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A large Phase III cluster-randomized trial is required to provide the most methodologically accurate test of these initial encouraging findings .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: After the induction of pleurodesis , neither the total mean ( + / - SE ) fluid drainage ( SN , 901 + / - 125 mL ; talc , 766 + / - 74 mL ; p = 0.36 ) nor the level of pain ( SN , 2.58 + / - 0.26 ; talc , 2.62 + / - 0.30 ; p = 0.91 ) differed significantly between the groups , and no patient in either group developed ARDS .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Similar analyses were done for QVA149 vs. indacaterol 600 g , glycopyrronium 200 g , and salmeterol 200 g.\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: In the 505 subjects with prior myocardial infarction or interventional procedure , 26.2 % of atorvastatin - and 30.8 % of placebo-treated subjects experienced a primary end point ( 0.82 [ 0.59-1 .15 ] ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The frequency of ventricular premature beat and NSVT was recorded with Holter monitoring after hospitalization ( 24 hours and 72 hours ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: So far , the effect of an increased dietary LC n-3 PUFA intake on hydroxy , epoxy , and dihydroxy FA levels has not been investigated in subjects with mild combined hyperlipidemia .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: To determine the effectiveness of verbal , written , and videotaped descriptions of cataract surgery on patients ' understanding of the risks , benefits , and treatment alternatives .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Overall , 116 of 638 primary events occurred in the aspirin groups compared with 117 of 638 in the no aspirin groups ( 18.2 % v 18.3 % ) : hazard ratio 0.98 ( 95 % confidence interval 0.76 to 1.26 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Proportion of mothers exclusively breastfeeding at 6 months postpartum and duration of EBF through these 6 months was assessed .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Repeated interdialytic ABP monitoring was performed for up to one year in 28 chronic hemodialysis patients with cardiac disease who were randomized to achieve and maintain normal hct levels ( 42 + / - 3 % , group A ) or anemic hct levels ( 30 + / - 3 % , group B ) with epoetin .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Subjects randomized to D3 or D2 ingested 50,000 IU of vitamin D weekly , and those randomized to UV exposed their skin to UV light from a lamp five times a week .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Grade of ERM determined by stereoscopic examination of fundus photographs at baseline and at 3 , 6 , 12 , and 24 months of follow-up .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Urinary albumin excretion and endothelial function were assessed at baseline , 3 and 6 months .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A case-control study of 31 case infants recruited from outpatient plagiocephaly clinics and 29 control infants recruited from other pediatric outpatient clinics .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Quadruple therapy for initial treatment of H. pylori infection does not offer any advantage over standard triple therapy in Indian patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: At multivariate analysis , RT technique ( p = 0.008 ) , N stage ( p = 0.010 ) and CCTD ( p = 0.027 ) were independent predictors of LRC .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Nine dogs were excluded from analysis , leaving 212 dogs with moderate to severe mitral regurgitation ( MR ) caused by MMVD ( International Small Animal Cardiac Health Council classification classes II [ n = 190 ] and III [ n = 21 ] ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Overweight and obese individuals [ n = 123 ; age = 46.8 y , BMI ( in kg/m ( 2 ) ) = 34.0 ] were randomly assigned to consume an AED or NFD and instructed in traditional behavioral methods of weight control .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}]