["[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-01 00:00]\n<User>Please observe these classification examples and their associated labels:\n\nSample: Main outcome measures were changes between baseline and study year 1 in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C ) , high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C ) , and triglycerides .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Given the exploratory nature of this analysis and because intravitreal triamcinolone adverse effects include cataract formation and glaucoma , use of this treatment merely to reduce the rates of progression of proliferative diabetic retinopathy or worsening of the level of diabetic retinopathy does not seem warranted at this time .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Using a large image bank , we systematically examined how the use of different ratios of abnormal to normal cases affects trainee learning .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The potential biases of membership in a postrandomization subgroup , as well as the methods used to account for the biases , should be considered when weighing the strength of results .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Serum IL-8 and sIgA levels were determined on admission and 7 days later .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We investigated the types of facial basal-cell carcinomas in which MMS was more effective than SE .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: A new vehicle has been created with the objective of obtaining optimal stability of both calcipotriene and betamethasone dipropionate in the combination product .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Imaging results were correlated with histopathology as gold standard .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Lubricant eye drops that restore physiological osmolarity represent a promising strategy for dry eye syndrome as hyperosmolarity plays a central role in this disease .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Serious bleeding during the treatment period occurred in 10 patients in the DrotAA group and 8 in the placebo group ( P = 0.81 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Opioid-dependent participants ( N = 112 ) were enrolled .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Parameters were proportionally slightly lower for the 5.0-mg dose compared with the 1.25 - and 2.5-mg doses .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This paper reports a prospective , randomised study comparing a problem-oriented practical ( POP ) course based on paper cases to a personal bedside teaching ( PBT ) practical course and a standard practical course .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Participants were then re-randomized to receive mindfulness or a control intervention : relaxation training .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: On postoperative day 7 , all the parameters for mucosal barrier function were significantly lower in the EEN+G ln group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Changes in waist and hip circumferences also correlated positively ( R = .62 , P < .001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Because observational studies are vulnerable to confounding and measurement error , we used Mendelian randomization to examine the relationship of sun exposure with both prostate cancer risk and the intermediate phenotype , plasma levels of vitamin D.\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Mortality rates among 87 children in the vitamin A group and 94 children in the control group were 20.6 % and 32.9 % , respectively , yielding a relative risk of 0.54 ( 95 % confidence interval , 0.30 to 0.98 ; P = 0.044 ) after adjusting for baseline weight-for-height Z score .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were no significant between-group differences on the SF-36 or RSES .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients with OAB with urge incontinence were randomized 1:1 to 20 mg trospium twice daily or placebo in this 12-week , multicenter , parallel , double-blind , placebo controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Assessments were conducted at baseline ( before intervention ) and post intervention ( after intervention ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Dentin hypersensitivity is a recurrent condition causing discomfort and sometimes pain to the patient , which also deters him from maintaining adequate oral hygiene .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: A statistically significant decrease in the incidence of postoperative gastrointestinal symptoms , a reduction in the length of hospital stay and less morbidity and mortality occurred on the group that received perioperative nutrition .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There were no significant differences in any of the other variables .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Consecutive patients with angiographic ST were enrolled .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Volume was calculated from the local area obtained from tomograms considering a regular distribution of the tear meniscus across the eyelid .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This analysis revealed that the mRNA expression of AmotL1 decreased in response to CS when compared with air exposure .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Dextrose 20 % was infused at a rate adjusted to maintain blood glucose within the target range of 3.5 to 6.1 mmol .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To investigate intraoperative injection of epinephrine in the anterior chamber as an alternative .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Participants were randomly allocated to receive ( i ) a 12-week behavioural support intervention consisting of six appointments , ( ii ) a behavioural support intervention plus incentives ( totalling 40 ) , or ( iii ) an information-only control group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Modafinil improved verbal working memory ( d = 0.24 , p = 0.04 ) , spatial working memory errors ( d = 0.30 , p = 0.0004 ) and strategy use ( d = 0.23 , p = 0.03 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Stepwise logistic regression was applied to determine which of the eight questions had greatest predictive value for asthma , and the quality of the resultant models was evaluated using an independent set of 643 adults and 239 children .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Complications associated with TAVR may decrease with greater experience and improved devices , thereby reducing the overall cost of the procedure .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Combination therapy improved pretreatment FEV1 significantly more than did placebo ( treatment difference 133 mL , 95 % CI 105-161 , p < 0.0001 ) , salmeterol ( 73 mL , 46-101 , p < 0.0001 ) , or fluticasone alone ( 95 mL , 67-122 , p < 0.0001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The app incorporates goal setting , self-monitoring of diet and activity , and feedback via weekly text message .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This randomized , open-label , four-way crossover study of 11 healthy , non-smoking volunteers evaluated PK and PD profiles following single inhalations of 25 , 50 or 100 U TI and 10 IU RHI administered subcutaneously using a euglycaemic clamp technique .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Whole-body hypothermia reduced the frequency of death or moderate/severe disabilities in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in a randomized , controlled multicenter trial .\n\nLabels: 0\n<Assistant>Thanks for the information. I've saved it.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-02 00:00]\n<User>Here are some classification examples to learn from. Please pay attention to the labels:\n\nSample: Double bolus ( 10 +10 U ) reteplase and streptokinase resulted in lower PA at 1 and 2 hours than therapy with accelerated alteplase .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: ISRCTN 58621669 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: We found no significant difference in the prevalence of ECG changes between postmenopausal women with and without HRT in the groups with normal levels of cholesterol .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The study took a third-party payer perspective and measured costs and effects through hospital discharge .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To evaluate clinical outcome at 36 months after characterized chondrocyte implantation ( CCI ) versus microfracture ( MF ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Nurses can safely recommend any of these interventions for pain on both postoperative days and at both ambulation and rest .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Age at death was lower for cancer than for other principal causes , except for ischaemic heart disease among women .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Nineteen discontinued study participation , leaving 51 in the CGMS group and 58 in the SMBG group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary end points were the incidence of cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma , survival free of melanoma progression , and response .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The combination therapy of sodium bicarbonate plus saline does not offer additional benefits over hydration with saline alone in the prevention of CIN .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To examine the effect of HRT with 2 mg estradiol valerate and 0.25 mg levonorgestrel once daily on the pharmacokinetics of tacrine .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Fatigue and pruritus were improved in each group with no difference among them ( P > 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Fifty-eight patients with relapsed HD or NHL underwent HDC with BEAM .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was no difference in age , sex , duration of tinnitus , and affected ears between the patients treated with zinc and those treated with placebo .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The mean pain VAS values in the high-dose group did not improve significantly .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Only GABHS-positive patients benefit from penicillin V in their clinical cure in the first few days .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Projected device longevity was 10.3 years for AC on and 8.9 years for AC off ( P < 0.0001 ) , or a 16 % increase in longevity for AC on .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The mean decreases during the 15-week period for LDL cholesterol ( LDL-C ) , total cholesterol ( TC ) , and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio were greater ( P < 0.001 ) in the fiber group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: For all patients , data regarding metabolic control , medication , cardiovascular risk factors and diabetes complications were recorded and then analysed to detect deficiencies in care .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Vision was unchanged in the control group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To determine if Internet-based CME can produce changes comparable to those produced via live , small-group , interactive CME with respect to physician knowledge and behaviors that have an impact on patient care .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: This type of therapy offers substantial advantages in terms of prolonging overall survival and improving disease-free survival compared to surgical resection alone or to surgical resection and adjuvant regional chemotherapy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There were no significant treatment effects or time-by-treatment interactions .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The objective was to measure the effect on infant mortality of supplementing neonates and their HIV-negative mothers with single , large doses of vitamin A during the immediate postpartum period .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: For the purpose of an objective test , assessment was performed by the acoustic rhinometry .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Cardiac computed tomographic ( CT ) scans for the assessment of coronary calcium scores include approximately 70 % of the lung volume and may be useful for the quantitative assessment of emphysema .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Insulin sensitivity parameters ( e.g. HOMA-IR and Matsuda-Index ) improved non-significantly with 200 mg RO-151 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Randomized controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The pattern of softer stools and greater frequency of stooling associated with formula A is similar to the stool pattern in the exclusively breastfed infant .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Of 113 participants randomised , 90 were eligible for analysis of the primary endpoint .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Younger age at the time of surgery and , strikingly , presence of syringomyelia both correlated with a higher CCOS score .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To provide an overview of factors related to recruitment of adolescents and young adults ( AYA ) into research and recruitment rates and reasons for refusal from a multicenter study entitled `` Stories and Music for Adolescent/Young Adult Resilience during Transplant '' ( SMART ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Data were collected on adverse events for 21 days after each MV , at all clinic visits , on any hospitalization , and for subjects who died .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: An instant symptom score was also measured at various time points after each drug .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The prevalence of xerostomia ( the feeling of a dry mouth ) is higher in HD patients than in controls .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Seizure frequency was substantially reduced from baseline during topiramate titration .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the EG , blood pressure ( BP ) was measured before each session and the measurement of anthropometric variables ( AV ) at the beginning of the program and after three months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Diets rich in vegetables and fruits prevent development of atherosclerosis .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: VAS value of group B patients was significantly lower than those in group C throughout the postoperative 48-h period ( p < 0.005 ) , and group B patients began walking exercise significantly earlier than those in group C [ mean + / - standard deviation ( SD ) 70.2 ( 14.3 ) in group C , and 61.9 ( 7.6 ) in group B ; p = 0.0133 ] .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The interrupted running suture study demonstrated that interrupted Mersilene sutures were 5.5 times more likely to have handling-related complications than nylon interrupted sutures ( p = .01 ) ; in addition , they were three times as likely to have tissue-related complications as nylon ( p = .16 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Hypoactive sexual desire disorder ( HSDD ) is one of the most common sexual problems reported by women , but few studies have been conducted to evaluate treatments for this condition .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The sample consisted of 326 residents ( mean age : 83.2 years ; 69 % female ) living in one of 24 nursing homes .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After thawing/warming , embryos were kept in culture for 24h , and mQLAZT was performed prior to ET .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Participants in the intervention group showed positive trends for most psychological , behavioural and body composition outcomes .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: YRBS scores for tobacco use , unhealthful dietary behaviors , inadequate physical activity , and behaviors contributing to unintentional injuries showed statistically significant improvements ( p < 0.05 ) by atomoxetine treatment at Week 8 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Retention was 73.11 % ( 1123/1536 ) in the control arm and 26.47 % ( 406/1534 ) in the intervention arm .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A third cohort of patients was stented with filter protection ( n = 30 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The AUC ( 0-infinity ) ratio of noroxycodone to oxycodone was decreased by 92 % ( p < 0.001 ) , and that of oxymorphone increased by 108 % ( p < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A 7.6 % decrease in net peak external knee adduction moment was observed when subjects wore the knee brace uninflated compared with when they did not wear the brace .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Thirty-six of them , chosen randomly for study , were assigned at random to either a group that continued this oral regimen or another that changed to transdermal estradiol while continuing 2.5 mg of oral medroxyprogesterone acetate for the next 3 months ( n = 18 for each ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were no significant differences in the yield at other lymph node stations .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Persistent coughing was significantly reduced ( p < 0.05 ) after two weeks ' treatment with oxatomide .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>I understand. I'll keep this in mind.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-03 00:00]\n<User>Here are some examples with classification labels to remember:\n\nSample: Higher 1 - and 5-minute Apgar scores were observed among control group newborns .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We modified Ebbehoj-Metz technique by a ` straightening-reinforcing ' ( S-R ) double stitch : the first performs the plication , the second tightens it , thus preventing tension during erection .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Lithium pharmacokinetics were unchanged by valproate , but valproate C ( max ) , C ( min ) , and AUC rose slightly during lithium coadministration .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: These findings suggest that the reduction in PWV observed after atenolol could be explained by changes in BP and HR , whereas in patients treated by valsartan , about half of the decrease in aortic stiffness was BP-independent .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Mean serum creatinine concentrations were 124 + / - 44 and 124 + / - 27 mumol/L , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To study the effect of combined omeprazole ( Ome ) and domperidone ( Dom ) therapy on asthma symptoms and pulmonary function in asthmatics with gastroesophageal reflux .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Treatment-related adverse events ( AEs ) were reported by 22 ( 37 % ) of 59 subjects and were reported most commonly in Cycle 1 , decreasing continuously thereafter .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Morbidity analyses showed that only physician-reported diarrhea was different among groups ( groups fed human milk/formula had less diarrhea than did soy groups , P = 0.011 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Prospective , randomized study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: `` Home time '' ( HT ) refers to the number of days over the first 90 after stroke onset that a patient spends residing in their own home or a relative 's home versus any institutional care .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Patients with overlapping symptoms of FH and FD ( ROME II ) and mechanical hypersensitivity ( Barostat examination ) were randomized to tegaserod 6 mg bid or placebo for 2 weeks with treatment crossover after a 2-week washout period .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No PDPH occurred when the bevel was inserted and removed parallel to the dural fibres ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients without remission of depression did not show a significant decline in DHEA-S concentrations .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Lipids , tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF ) , and C-reactive protein ( CRP ) were measured and echocardiography carried out at baseline and in 4 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: UBT continues to be an effective , simple treatment of menorrhagia , with clinical outcomes similar to those of rollerball ablation at 5-year follow-up .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Significant endoscopic recurrence was observed in 14 of 32 ( 43.7 % ) patients in the AZA group and in 20 of 29 ( 69.0 % ) patients in the placebo group at 12 months postsurgery ( P = .048 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The FMD response to the acupuncture treatment at ST 36 plus PC 6 was significantly different from the response to the acupuncture treatment at PC 6 and the placebo treatment ( p < 0.05 , p < 0.01 , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After allowing for the effect of multiple demographic variables , the difference in global language scores between groups was not significant ( effect : 0.8 [ 95 % confidence interval : - 6.7 , 8.3 ] ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At the last appointment , patients of both the groups were significantly improved for clinical findings , ROM measures , imaging features , Constant-Murley and ASES scores than at baseline , without any significant inter-group difference .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Of the 30 evaluable patients , 15 were assigned placebo , and 15 were assigned TRAUMEEL S both as a mouth rinse , administered five times daily from 2 days after transplantation for a minimum of 14 days , or until at least 2 days after all signs of stomatitis were absent .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Mean postoperative calcium nadir was identical regardless of therapy ( 8.3 mg/dl ) , and seven ( 70 % ) patients from each group had at least one serum calcium measurement less than 8.5 mg/dl .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 97 of 857 ( 11 % ) patients in home and 75 of 592 ( 13 % ) in facility care were admitted at least once ( 0.91 , 0.64-1 .28 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Norepinephrine was needed to maintain an adequate systemic blood pressure in 6 of the 12 patients , however .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Thirty-nine patients underwent arthroscopic drilling that kept the remaining cartilage at the lesion ( group A ) , and 30 patients underwent arthroscopic drilling that removed the remaining cartilage at the lesion ( group B ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Initial sleeping position was assigned randomly .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The secondary endpoint included the recurrence of tumors , late complications , and outcome .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Children aged 9.0 + / - 3.0 years ( + / - SD ) and weight 37.9 + / - 16.6 kg undergoing outpatient tonsillectomy were randomised to receive acetaminophen elixir 40 mg/kg ( n = 12 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Baseline FHR was elevated , FHR variability was decreased , and the number of accelerations decreased on day 1 ( p < 0.0001 ; p < 0.0001 ; p < 0.0001 ) and day 2 ( p > 0.0001 ; p < 0.0001 ; p < 0.0001 ) in comparison to day 0 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No difference was observed between the 2 schedules regarding the occurrence of anemia or thrombocytopenia .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Recovery times after the procedure were shorter than with standard monitoring alone , but the clinical benefit for daily practice may be limited .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In this `` true to life '' approach , comorbidity was not an exclusion criterion unless it prejudiced assessment of drug toxicity .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: On-the-road driving tests consisted of a road-tracking test and a car-following test .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were no clinical cardiac complications in either group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In contrast , the reduction of the pressure ramp slope values and initial flow rate did not induce any significant change in tidal volume , respiratory frequency , and PEEPi .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the linear dimensional accuracy of denture bases processed with the conventional heat-polymerization technique and the Rafael and Saide ( RS ) tension system , taking a multidirectional approach .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The cooling jacket group temperatures were significantly lower at the left ventricular epicardium and endocardium than those of the Stanford method group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The treatment was conducted once every other day , 8 weeks altogether .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Participants were presented morphed facial expression stimuli following a paradigm developed for use with patients with brain damage and asked to name one of the six basic emotions ( sadness , happiness , anger , disgust , fear and surprise ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The safety/intent-to-treat ( ITT ) population analysis included 601 patients ( guaifenesin/pseudoephedrine , n = 303 ; placebo , n = 298 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A similar significant change was noted in AUC ( 15.6 + / - 2.75 mgl-1 , 12.3 + / - 3.04 mg h l-1 and 15.0 + / - 2.06 mgl-1 ) and in the amount of cumulative urinary excretion ( 79.2 + / - 11.1 mg , 72.1 + / - 11.2 mg and 80.6 + / - 7.9 mg ) , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Fenoterol suspension aerosol ( 400 micrograms ) was used for comparison ( single-blind , poststudy , nonrandomized administration ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The literature on this topic reports pseudarthrosis rates from 0 % to 57 % and good to excellent results from 56 % to 95 % .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The second study evaluated an ANN to predict capsular penetration ( CP ) in men with clinically localized prostate cancer .\n\nLabels: 3\n<Assistant>Excellent. I've documented all of this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-04 00:00]\n<User>Here are some annotated classification examples:\n\nSample: Three years postoperatively 53 % of the grafts were rejection-free in the MMF group and 73 % in the CsA group ( Kaplan Meier P = 0.46 , log-rank test ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Contingency management ( CM ) is an evidence-based treatment , but few clinicians deliver this intervention in community-based settings .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: As secondary outcomes , we will evaluate the proportion of cephalic presentations at week 38 of gestation , determined by echography , together with the safety of the technique , the specificity of moxibustion and the control of the blinding process .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Postmenopausal women between 45 and 75 years of age who had been randomly assigned to an exercise or control group in the course of a previous study conducted 5-10 years ago , were invited for follow-up .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Thematic analysis of data was used .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Moreover , the significant improvements in all four domains of the LSEQ ( ease of getting to sleep , P < .001 ; quality of sleep , P < .001 ; hangover on awakening from sleep , P = .005 ; alertness and behavioral integrity the following morning , P = .001 ) , in SDQ score ( P < .001 ) , in total sleep time ( P < .001 ) , and in SF-36 physical score ( P = .006 ) suggest that treatment had a beneficial effect on the restorative value of sleep .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the full mITT population , age , hypoalbuminemia , and cancer were inversely associated with clinical cure by multivariate analysis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Recruitment and follow-up were stopped early because two other similar studies had shown a decrease in the rate of stroke among patients treated with warfarin .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding included maternal work ( OR = 3.92 ; p-value < 0.001 ) , planned pregnancy ( OR = 2.42 , p-value = 0.010 ) , intention to breastfeed ( OR = 3.28 ; p-value = 0.043 ) , source of maternal emotional support ( OR = 1.87 , p-value = 0.039 ) and the use the postpartum support video , the hotline service or both ( OR = 2.55 , p-value = 0.044 ; OR = 3.87 , p-value = 0.004 and OR = 4.13 , p-value = 0.003 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Responses were similar for both treatments by background regimen , sex , race , and in patients with more than 95 % adherence ( M-MASRI ) or baseline viral load 100,000 copies/ml or less .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Baseline data were collected within 6 weeks of expected release from custody with follow-up telephone interviews 1 , 3 and 6 months post-release .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were no sex differences with respect to bleeding complications or recurrent thromboembolic disease .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Trained observers and patients rated the wrinkles on a scale of 0 ( none ) to 3 ( severe ) at maximum contraction and repose and at baseline and 4-week intervals over a 16-week period after injection .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Cavities were assigned at random to the following groups : Group A : Dentin etched for 15 seconds with 34 % phosphoric acid , rinsed for 20 seconds and then briefly air-dried for 2 seconds with oil-free compressed air leaving the surfaces slightly moist .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The length of hospitalization and VAS score were not different between the groups , and the minimum follow-up was 30months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: During BVM treatment , 88 % ( 95 % confidence interval , CI 82-94 % ) of patients had a complete or nearly complete resolution of scaling in comparison with 66 % ( 95 % CI 58-74 % ) during ST therapy ( P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients received up to two intravenous boluses of either diltiazem or verapamil , followed by an 8-hour continuous infusion if a therapeutic response was achieved ( phase I ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Ten infants in the placebo group but none in the vaccine group were presented for medical care .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Chlorhexidine ( CHX ) varnishes have been mainly used for the prevention of caries in high-risk populations .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: One hundred and sixty patients with MCI who scored at least 6 on the 12-item Neuropsychiatric Inventory ( NPI ) were enrolled in this double-blind , multi-center trial and randomized to receive 240mg EGb 761 daily or placebo for a period of 24weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The plasma applicability was not rated inferior to standard wound care ( P = 0.94 , Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were no significant differences between groups for any of the other measured outcomes .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Providers and women screened for eligibility often expressed discomfort with randomization .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was also a negative correlation of high density lipoprotein cholesterol with CAC , both in the overall group and non-smokers ( rho = -0.20 , p = 0.05 and rho = -0.27 , p = 0.02 , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: On the seventh day of each period , 24-hour intragastric pH was measured using a combined glass electrode placed in the proximal stomach .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Interim analyses blinded for randomized treatment were performed to compare baseline fasting plasma glucose with the adjusted CHF event rate at a mean follow-up of 886 days .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Preoperative and postoperative regimens consisted of intrathecal morphine 4.3 microg.kg ( -1 ) plus IV 0.9 % saline ( Group 1 ) , IV buprenorphine 1.3 microg.kg ( -1 ) plus intrathecal saline ( Group 2 ) , and intrathecal morphine 4.3 microg.kg ( -1 ) plus IV buprenorphine 1.3 microg.kg ( -1 ) ( Group 3 ; postoperative supplements consisting of IV buprenorphine 1.3 microg.kg ( -1 ) plus intrathecal saline ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Stratification is based on self-reported history of depression and province .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Hospitalized general medical patients aged more than 60 years at 5 Department of Veterans Affairs ( VA ) medical centers were randomized to receive enoxaparin 40 mg or identical placebo , given daily by subcutaneous injection until hospital discharge .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>I've processed this information and will remember it.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-05 00:00]\n<User>Here are some annotated classification examples:\n\nSample: Psychological general well-being increased after surgery and reached norm values in both study groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The compound mesh did not create more comfort for the patients than the smooth variant of the heavy-weight polypropylene mesh .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients with elevated levels of serum triglycerides ( TG ) often have other associated lipid abnormalities ( e.g. , low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [ HDL-C ] ) and are at increased risk of developing coronary heart disease .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Early activation using a comprehensive , well-defined and controlled physiotherapy protocol can be used safely after arthroscopic subacromial decompression .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The dose of propofol necessary to insert the ETT or v-gel SGAD ; time from the first injection of propofol to the first clinically acceptable reading on the capnograph ; leakage of isoflurane around the airway device ; and upper airway discomfort scores during recovery and during the first 24 hours after anaesthesia were recorded .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The lesions on the other hand were treated with the ethyl alcohol vehicle which served as a control .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Hallucination frequency was significantly reduced in the left rTMS group only .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We conducted a 3-armed randomized controlled trial in 3 clinics , enrolling menopausal women between the ages of 45 and 65 years with primary care appointments .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: NCT01697241 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: One major stroke occurred in the bivalirudin arm , and two minor strokes occurred , one in each group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Remote ischemic preconditioning has gained clinicians ' attention as a technique to protect the heart in patients undergoing cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Although the conventional surgery , secondary repair of the wound after wide excision with or without curettage , is not technically difficult , it takes a long time , weeks or months , for a wound to heal .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Comparisons between treatment arms A , B , and C ( chemotherapy with or without trastuzumab ) were performed using a stratified Cox proportional hazards model .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Then , the subjects were randomized to receive 2 ml doses of nebulized 5 % HS ( Group A ) , 3 % HS ( Group B ) or 0.9 % NS ( Group C ) , twice a day .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The mean initial PD was 6.0 mm ( SD : 1.2 ) in the test group and 5.8 mm ( SD : 0.9 ) in the control group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We did a randomised , single-blind , non-inferiority trial with minimum exclusion criteria at nine hospitals in Switzerland .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: to test the efficacy of dexamethasone on reduction inthe reoperation rate of cSDH .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: A randomized , blinded-controlled experiment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The incidences of acute rejection episodes were : 0 % versus 16.6 % ; graft survivals , 100 % versus 92.3 % ( P = NS ) ; and patient survivals , both 100 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The authors tested the hypothesis that low-dose sevoflurane could decrease perioperative myocardial damage , as measured by cTnI release , when compared with placebo , in patients undergoing interventional cardiology procedures .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: We found that habitual consumption of an HP diet can reduce the negative effect of phytate on nonheme-iron absorption among young women with suboptimal iron stores .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The authors report a study of ADCON-L in which they focus on patient-oriented endpoints .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Patients remained hospitalized at least 15 days during blinded treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Two weeks of snacking based on peanuts does not cause the same negative metabolic effects as an isocaloric diet in which the snacking is based on short acting carbohydrates in the form of candy in non-obese healthy subjects .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Women without urinary tract catheters .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Three-stage rehabilitation continued for 9 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Participants were from the Physicians ' Health Study , a randomized trial of low-dose aspirin and beta carotene .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We examined the individual and combined effects of GHB and ethanol in human volunteers .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Twelve months after LTP mean pressure reductions were 1.7 mmHg ( 7.9 % ) after SLT-I , 1.8 mmHg ( 8.5 % ) after SLT-II , and 2.1 mmHg ( 9.4 % ) after ALT .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The geometric mean ratio , GMR ( dutogliptin + metformin/dutogliptin ) of the area under the plasma concentration-time curve ( AUC ( 0-24h ) ) at steady state was 0.91 ( 90 % CI : 0.79-1 .06 ; p = 0.29 ) ; the GMR of the maximum plasma concentrations ( C ( max ) ) was 0.95 ( 90 % CI : 0.76-1 .19 ; p = 0.70 ) ; the time to maximum plasma concentrations ( T ( max ) ) was essentially the same for dutogliptin with or without metformin .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: During the period of IFN treatment , both the relative and absolute amount of the precore stop mutant decreased significantly in Group I patients who cleared HBeAg .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To investigate the effect of fermented soy milk on human ecosystem in the intestinal tract by way of examining the population of different microorganisms isolated from fecal samples .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The criterion for detection of pleural effusion by AP was a demonstrable horizontal fluid level at the sound cutoff across the posterior hemithorax above the last rib that shifted with lateral tilt .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Baseline levels of Lp-PLA ( 2 ) mass and activity were not significantly associated with carotid intima-media thickness at baseline or at 4 years .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Gas-related symptoms are very common in gastrooesophageal reflux disease patients with aerophagia as a comorbidity .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Benefit attributable to OT treatment was found for the quality of interaction scale on the Functional Status Questionnaire ( P = .03 ) , Life Satisfaction Index-Z ( P = .03 ) , Medical Outcomes Study Health Perception Survey ( P = .05 ) , and for 7 of 8 scales on the RAND 36-Item Health Status Survey , Short Form : bodily pain ( P = .03 ) , physical functioning ( P = .008 ) , role limitations attributable to health problems ( P = .02 ) , vitality ( P = .004 ) , social functioning ( P = .05 ) , role limitations attributable to emotional problems ( P = .05 ) , and general mental health ( P = .02 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Furthermore , in order to satisfy patient demands fully , root coverage should be accomplished by soft tissue , the thickness and colour of which should not be distinguishable from those of adjacent soft tissue .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The mean percentage of tooth surfaces with heavier accumulations of plaque ( PI scores 3 ) was 50.9 % for EO , 56.1 % for CPC and 81.1 % for control .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: MSPI shortened the operative time and decreased the amount of blood loss significantly and , thus , offered better clinical results .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Given the current interest in acupuncture by patients , it is in the public interest to establish more rigorous evidence .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The most frequent adverse events reported by patients on fluvoxamine CR were headache , nausea , somnolence , and insomnia .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: These effects of the LAC diet may be explained by postulating a functional restoration of the mononuclear phagocytic system .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The training session started 15 min after intake of a standard meal .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Understood. I'll keep these facts for future reference.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-06 00:00]\n<User>I'm sharing some classification data with labels for you to learn:\n\nSample: The study was powered to investigate upper gastrointestinal ulcer complications ( primary endpoint ) in patients not taking aspirin and in the overall study population ; other endpoints included cardiovascular , renal and hepatic measures .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Compared with pre-CPB values , PKC and p38 MAPK activities ( in nanomoles per milligram of protein per minute and arbitrary units , respectively ) increased significantly and to the same extent in both groups : PKC , from 20.7 + / -0.7 to 29.9 + / -3.9 in controls ( p = 0.037 ) and from 18.4 + / -1.1 to 23.9 + / -1.8 in sevoflurane ( p = 0.016 ) ; p38 MAPK , from 88.6 + / -8.5 to 312.9 + / -66.2 in controls ( p = 0.005 ) and from 114.6 + / -14.7 to 213.4 + / -51.8 in sevoflurane ( p = 0.045 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To determine the effect of radiotherapy dose on prostate cancer patient outcome and biopsy positivity in a phase III trial .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Fitness ( determined by maximal oxygen uptake ) and cardiovascular risk factors ( determined by resting blood pressure and serum lipid and lipoprotein levels ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: SP improved adhesion of both SMA ( 15 % ) and E3 ( 27 % ) .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In Germany medical rehabilitation has to be initiated by members of statutory pension fund and health insurances .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The number of papules , pustules , and comedones was reduced in both treatment groups at week 12 , and the reductions were not significantly different between the two comparators .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Safety assessments included adverse events ( AEs ) , physical examination and clinical laboratory tests .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Schools were enrolled between 2010 and 2011 and allocated using a centralized randomization list into 1 ) a student smoking prevention intervention ( visit to an established interactive circuit ) , 2 ) the same intervention plus a parent intervention , and 3 ) a control group ( visit to an established exercise and nutrition interactive circuit ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The next steps are to assess how well clinicians employ these skills within their practices and to assess the effect on patient outcomes .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Eighty-six patients underwent both conventional and virtual simulation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The patients were prospectively randomized in three groups regarding antibiotic prophylaxis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The beneficial trends of rBPI21 were observed in both blunt and penetrating trauma and were generally observed across different age groups , Injury Severity Scores , and units of blood transfused .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Forty-four patients with biopsy-proven AMR will then be included in a double-blind placebo-controlled intervention trial ( 1:1 randomization stratified for eGFR and the presence of T-cell-mediated rejection ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In a randomised , partially masked and placebo-controlled study 16,211 patients undergoing phacoemulsification cataract surgery were included .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Prospective , randomized , placebo-controlled , blinded study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Educators have developed recommendations for instructional design but there is only minimal research that evaluates these recommendations .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: To investigate the relationship between blood pressure and the plasma fibrinolytic system and to verify whether this association was independent or mediated by one or more potential confounding factor .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Optimal analgesia following laparoscopic colorectal resection is yet to be determined ; however , recent studies have questioned the role of postoperative epidural anaesthesia , suggesting other analgesic modalities may be preferable .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Congestive heart failure only occurred in the combination arm ( 10 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Compliance was also better in the hand rubbing group than in the hand washing group ( 72.5 and 15.4 % , respectively ; p < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In comparison , APTD significantly increased commission errors on the Go/No-Go task and did so uniquely in conditions where subjects were rewarded for making correct responses ; this effect of APTD was prevented by L-DOPA .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To investigate whether the use of a disposable needle guide results in a decreased incidence of infectious complication after transrectal prostate needle biopsy ( TPNB ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: However , PD reduction ( P < 0.001 ) and CAL gain ( P < 0.001 ) were significant in the test group as compared to control at the end of 3 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Within this region , intertubular dentine completely devoid of an authentic hybrid layer could be seen in both treatment groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni and Kruskal-Wallis tests .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: An 8-week , open-label , randomised controlled trial in rural , primary care in the west of Ireland .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Hunger/satiety scores were obtained using visual analogue scales .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Additionally , there was no evidence of rebound insomnia after DXP discontinuation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: respectively , P < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Mean tear levels of 84.7 , 45.6 , and 8.4 microg/g were obtained at 5 , 30 , and 60 minutes after application of an eye drop .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was no difference in hemorrhagic complications between the two study groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Perflenapent enhanced or facilitated visualization of blood flow , abnormal structures , masses , and lesions in 138 of 147 patients ( 94 % ) versus 12 of 147 ( 8 % ) for the placebo ( P < .001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: It was impossible to distinguish between larval therapy and hydrogel in terms of cost-effectiveness .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Endotoxin pretreatment had no significant effects on mean arterial pressure [ 56 ( range 34-89 ) mmHg vs 70 ( 47-88 ) mmHg , n.s. ] or cardiac output [ 4.8 ( 3.0-5 .9 ) l/min vs 3.2 ( 2.1-4 .2 ) l/min , n.s. ] , but significantly improved arterial pO ( 2 ) and pH ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The three groups did not differ significantly regarding patient characteristics .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , there was already a marked difference in the 75th percentile ( 6.4 ml in treated vs 8.5 ml in controls ) due to more rapid thyroid growth in certain children of the control group ( ThV > 7.0 ml in 6/52 treated children vs 24/60 controls ; P < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Eight Standardbred horses completed a euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp ( EHC ) either without prior exercise ( NonEX ) or at 0.5 , 4 or 24 h post exercise ( 0.5 PostEX , 4 PostEX , and 24 PostEX , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Response time during vibration was longer for those who reported the illusion of wrist flexion ( n = 18 ) than for those who did not ( p < 0.01 ) whereas accuracy was unaffected ( p = 0.71 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: All consecutive patients with first episode schizophrenia at our referral psychiatric hospital were recruited in an extensive prospective randomized , double-blind controlled study including measures of waist circumference ( WC ) , blood pressure ( SBP/DBP ) , triglyceride ( TGL ) , high-density lipoproteins ( HDL ) and fasting blood sugar ( FBS ) levels and randomized to receive either , haloperidol , olanzapine or risperidone .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Effects of swaddled and unswaddled weighing were examined with use of the Assessment of Behavioral Systems Organization scales .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Reviewed here are recent data from trials on the use of new radiotherapeutic approaches .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Received. I'll store this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-07 00:00]\n<User>Here are some classification examples to learn from. Please pay attention to the labels:\n\nSample: a double-blind randomized trial conducted over 2 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A diet consisting of 15 % of calories as pistachio nuts ( about 2-3 ounces per day ) over a four week period can favorably improve some lipid profiles in subjects with moderate hypercholesterolemia and may reduce risk of coronary disease .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The placebo and POT groups , but not the EIT group , had a significant exacerbation of TNSS and TOSS soon after the start of pollen counts being high on consecutive days .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The average number of dissected lymph nodes was similar for both classical and functional type operations .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Groups A , B , and C received prophylaxis with omeprazole 40 mg and metoclopramide 10 mg , respectively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The patients with CLBP in each group had significant improvements in pain , disability , muscle strength , endurance , 6MWT , mobility , QOL , and depression AT and F when compared with their initial status .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Sedation with detomidine had a significant effect on the RLN grading ( OR = 2.91 ) and ability maximally to abduct the left arytenoid cartilages ( OR = 2.91 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The mean decision delivery interval was 4.1 hours and 13.08 hours for the CS and misoprostol groups respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: For the thrombolysis and angioplasty procedure , the median technical cost was $ 2,906 and the medial professional fee was $ 3,156 for a medial total cost of $ 6,062 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Administration of vitamin C did not prevent this impairment and our results do not support the hypothesis that the endothelial impairment is mediated by adverse oxidative stress .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Control group took oral calcium supplements ( 500 mg/day ) only , and the study group oral calcium and pamidronate ( 125 mg ) for 3 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: ( 2 ) Ten type 2 diabetic patients received 400 ml of the new DSF and two other commercially available DSF ( Glucerna ( ) SR and Novasource ( ) Diabet ) on three occasions separated by 1 week .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Children in both groups received training three times per week for a period of four weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The power toothbrush was considered by dental professionals to have had a positive effect on the oral health of 80.5 percent of their patients ; the noticeable benefits with respect to a number of clinical criteria included plaque removal and improved gingival condition .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: It is concluded that fast-velocity lengthening contractions are likely to induce greater muscle damage than slow-velocity contractions ; however , muscle fatigue seems to be a confounding factor for the velocity effect .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Participants were randomly assigned to receive 16 sessions of either standard interpersonal psychotherapy or interpersonal psychotherapy enhanced with focused complicated grief components .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: It is a simple and promising method to control hypoglycemia among children in both developing and developed countries .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Primary care physicians ( n = 251 ) were randomized to one of four conditions : ( a ) information based on social cognitive theory ( SCT ) targeting outcome expectations , ( b ) information based on SCT + elaboration likelihood model , ( c ) feedback based on self-perception theory , or ( d ) control .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: It is unclear if these effects are clinically worthwhile .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Whether routine implantation of coronary stents is the best strategy to treat flow-limiting coronary stenoses is unclear .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Mean ( s.d. ) 30 min urinary salbutamol excretion after ORAL , MDI , NEB and NEBC was 0.4 ( 0.7 ) , 12.1 ( 3.7 ) , 15.0 ( 3.9 ) and 18.2 ( 5.7 ) microg , respectively ( all P < 0.001 compared with ORAL ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In contrast , oxytocin did not influence judgments for faces that had not been presented previously .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Male and female children aged 6 to 12 years with ADHD were randomly assigned to receive LDX 30 , 50 , or 70 mg with forced-dose titration , or placebo , PO QD for 4 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Recently , we showed that combination of omalizumab with specific immunotherapy ( SIT ) for treatment of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis ( SAR ) and comorbid seasonal allergic asthma ( SAA ) is safe and reduced the symptom load in a statistically significant and clinically meaningful manner during the first pollen season .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: However , although lactulose can be considered as a pre-biotic in constipated patients , polyethylene glycol produces signs of decreased colonic fermentation in the stool .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Although the modified group did not have more profound improvement in sleep quality and decreased postoperative pharyngeal discomfort , modified UPPP was an effective surgical method for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Part 1 : the geometric mean ratios ( GMRs ) ( 90 % confidence interval [ CI ] ) for ridaforolimus area under the concentration-time curve to the last time point with a detectable blood concentration ( AUC - ) and maximum blood concentration ( Cmax ) ( rifampin + ridaforolimus / ridaforolimus ) were 0.57 ( 0.41 , 0.78 ) and 0.66 ( 0.49 , 0.90 ) , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: GR were checked before each feeding , and a GRV up to 2 mL/3 mL in infants less-than-or-equal750 g / > 750 g was tolerated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This study assessed the potential therapeutic benefi t of using HandTutor in combination with traditional rehabilitation in a post-stroke sub-acute population .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Striatal D2-receptor occupancy was predicted using simulated exposure combined with pharmacodynamic parameters from a sigmoid maximum effect model established from previous [ ( 11 ) C ] raclopride positron emission tomography studies .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Based upon the results of this study , tegaserod offers rapid and sustained relief of the abdominal pain and constipation associated with irritable bowel syndrome .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The number of head sway responses that were coupled to the optic flow and magnitude of head sway during optic flow relative to during quiet stance on fixed floor was quantified .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Hyperoxia decreased end-exercise E in the COPD group but not the healthy group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study will provide evidence of any benefits in the use of prophylactic nasal high flow therapy in post-operative cardiac surgical patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: P-E fit problems as well as ADL dependence increased from baseline to follow-up .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: All patients were randomly allocated to one of the two treatment groups : the meropenem group or the imipenem/cilastatin group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Twelve male athletes completed three , randomized 25-min bouts ( 5 min at 100 , 150 , 200 , 250 , and 300 W ) on a cycle ergometer with intervening 30-min rests .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Hundreds of thousands of cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis occur each year worldwide .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Postexercise plasma glucose levels were 18 % and 20 % lower on the PLA and RFI treatments , respectively , compared with the CHO treatment ( P < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Adverse events and clinical chemistry and hematology were recorded .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Excellent. I've documented all of this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-08 00:00]\n<User>Here are training examples for classification. Note the labels carefully:\n\nSample: About 80 % of women reported a better understanding that their baby was normal after viewing 3D rather than 2D images .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The total number of patients treated with LP PDL-mediated ALA PDT was 14 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: They sent back the results via a prepaid return envelope .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The present results emphasize the usefulness of CISC in ensuring the recovery of bladder function in men with CUR .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In patients with stable coronary artery disease , it remains unclear whether an initial management strategy of percutaneous coronary intervention ( PCI ) with intensive pharmacologic therapy and lifestyle intervention ( optimal medical therapy ) is superior to optimal medical therapy alone in reducing the risk of cardiovascular events .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Ninety adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes wore two Enlite sensors on the abdomen and/or buttock for 6 days and calibrated them at different frequencies .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Furthermore , patients in the treatment group showed better performance as judged by leg symptoms ( P = 0.031 , at 3 months ) and clinical examination ( P = 0.039 at 4 weeks and P = 0.004 at 6 months ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The PAQLQ activities of the experimental group improved significantly more than those of the control group .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To investigate the effect of the addition of DHEA to a COC on the pharmacokinetics ( PK ) and pharmacodynamics ( PD ) of DHEA and its sulphate ( DHEA-S ) , and on levels of total and free testosterone ( T ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: A significant elevation of serum CK levels occurred in 58.3 % cases of group IM .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We evaluated the ASSIST ( A Stop Smoking In Schools Trial ) programme in a cluster randomized controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Both the SOX and CAPOX regimens were equally active and well tolerated in advanced gastric cancer patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Two-hundred and thirty-six hospitalized , acutely ill older patients , who were part of a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial , were assigned to receive a daily oral nutritional supplement drink containing 1.3 mg of vitamin B2 , 1.4 mg of vitamin B6 , 1.5 g of B12 , 200 g of folic acid , or a placebo , for 6 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In optimally treated CHF patients , a BNP-guided strategy reduced the risk of CHF-related death or hospital stay for CHF .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: No serious adverse events associated with medication were reported .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: the study is part of a double-blind randomised controlled trial with 350 patients investigating whether a nitric oxide donor ( IMN ) used in cervical ripening improves the process of induction of labour .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To observe the effect of recombinant human epithelial growth factor ( rhEGF ) in promoting the healing of cervical erosion .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The patient in this case presented no evidence of immunodeficiency except liver disease .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Whereas plasma levels resulting from topical and oral applications of diclofenac according to clinically recommended prescriptions were comparable , concentration levels in the muscle and synovial tissues were different .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The results show that ice-cold blood cardioplegia and local ice treatment of the heart during CPB seems to harm the heart more than warm blood cardioplegia .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Thirty-three patients underwent CT with 100 kVp and received a contrast dose of 296 mgI/kg body weight over 10 s ( protocol B ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The mean difference ( 95 % CI ) in the changes in GFR between the examination with placebo and with candesartan was 0.1 ( -5.5 to 5.8 ) mL/min/1 .73 m2 ( NS ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: For both electroencephalographic suppression and tolerance to stimulation , the interaction of propofol and sevoflurane was identified as additive .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The faculty receiving feedback had an average increase in ratings across all ten traits that was significantly greater than the average increase of their control-group peers ( p < .05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Mean sEPCR concentrations decreased significantly in patients treated with fluvastatin ( -8.1 + / - 6.7 % from baseline ) and was unchanged in the placebo group ( -2.3 + / - 14.4 % , P = 0.007 vs. fluvastatin ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Eyes with the 1CU IOL had significantly higher PCO rates than eyes with the MA30 IOL at all time points .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twelve healthy male volunteers participated in four weekly sessions , each of which was associated with one treatment condition ( placebo at an ambient temperature of 22 degrees C ; propranolol 40 mg at 22 degrees C ; placebo at 40 degrees C ; propranolol 40 mg at 40 degrees C ) , according to a balanced double-blind design .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Carried out during the influenza seasons 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 , the interventions were then qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated by way of feedback from participating UMCs and the completion of a web-based staff questionnaire in the following spring of each season .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients who received silicone treatment had significantly increased plantar tissue thickness at injection sites compared with the placebo group ( 1.8 vs. 0.1 mm ) ( P < 0.0001 ) and correspondingly significantly decreased plantar pressures ( -232 vs. -25 kPa ) ( P < 0.05 ) at 3 months , with similar results at 6 and 12 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thank you for sharing. I've noted this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-09 00:00]\n<User>I have some labeled classification examples for you to study:\n\nSample: The QEQ total score discriminated on all EHS categories except EHS 1 and EHS 2 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients recruited through a hospital stroke rehabilitation program .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To determine whether giving interferon-alpha or thymomodulin in addition to conventional treatment improves cardiac function in patients with idiopathic myocarditis and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The authors conducted a proof-of-concept clinical trial designed to test the hypothesis that a novel compound with relatively selective agonist activity at GABA ( A ) receptors containing alpha ( 2 ) subunits would improve cognitive function and gamma band oscillations in individuals with schizophrenia .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In ISAR-REACT-4 ( abciximab and heparin vs. bivalirudin for non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction [ NSTEMI ] ) , bivalirudin reduced the risk of bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention ( PCI ) compared with unfractionated heparin plus abciximab ( UFH + abciximab ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Preoperative AVA shown to parents immediately before induction moderates the increase in anxiety associated with the anesthetic induction of their child .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The dose of regular insulin was significantly lower in the rhIGF-I group ( 0.2 + / - 0.1 vs. 0.28 + / - 0.1 U. kg-1 .10 days-1 in the placebo group ; P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Up to 4000 mg of acetaminophen daily was allowed as rescue analgesia .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Of the remaining 307 patients , 34 patients on the RT arm did not receive RT and five patients on the wait-and-see arm received RT. .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Any UI is a significant factor in reduced HRQoL in men following prostate surgery , particularly younger men who undergo RP .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: For all patients , limitations in physical and emotional functions predicted poor remission rate .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: WE program participants met once a week and received lectures focused on health .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At the month 24 examination , verteporfin-treated patients were less likely to lose at least 6 or 15 letters of contrast sensitivity than placebo-treated patients ( 86 [ 21 % ] versus 94 [ 45 % ] , and 27 [ 7 % ] versus 24 [ 12 % ] , respectively ; P < 0.05 for both comparisons ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The bispectral index was used to indicate the level of hypnosis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The McKenzie method is widely used as an active intervention in the treatment of patients with nonspecific low back pain .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The SS learning modality demonstrated a significant improvement in student learning retention compared to traditional didactic lecture format .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: ( ClinicalTrials.gov number , NCT00000125 . )\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Early and strict dietary management of phenylketonuria is the only option to prevent mental retardation .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Sibutramine patients also showed improvements in fasting insulin , triglycerides , HDL cholesterol , and quality-of-life assessments .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were no complications and revision surgery rate was 2 % in each arm through 1 year .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The 10-15-minute intervention was based on brief counselling , written materials , arrangements for continuing self-help support and feedback on expired-air carbon monoxide levels .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Moreover , 608 and 556 patients were randomized to receive 4 wk esomeprazole 20 mg , or 40 mg , or placebo once daily .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No overt clinical or biochemical adverse side-effects were recorded .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A multi-breath indicator gas wash-out test was used to calculate the EEV and ventilation inhomogeneity .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The early structure reconstruction of complex acetabular fracture can obviously decrease operative time and complications , increase the rate of operative reduction .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Sedation was performed according to local standards .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The investigators tabulated the actual costs incurred for professional fees , use of the operating room , duration of sick leave , reintervention , and treatment of complications directly related to the surgical treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Thirty-four patients ( 54 % ) were followed until the end of the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Randomized , placebo-controlled , multicenter clinical trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Our results provide evidence of the potential of Souvenaid therapy for the treatment of behavioral disturbances and social cognition skills in FTD .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Congestive states can be identified and managed through algorithms such as the Diuretic Treatment Algorithm ( DTA ) to adjust the diuretic over the telephone , focused on the clinical evaluation .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: A double blind study was conducted on 40 ASA grade I / II females who received CEA with 10 ml of 0.25 % of bupivacaine +25 g of fentanyl in group B ( n = 20 ) and 10 ml of 0.375 % of ropivacaine +25 g of fentanyl in group R ( n = 20 ) epidurally .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Pain-related interference measured by BPI also improved in the EA group compared to the WLC group at both Week 8 ( -2.0 versus 0.2 , p = 0.0006 ) and Week 12 ( -2.1 versus -0.1 , p = 0.0034 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Total cholesterol , HDL-cholesterol , LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides were measured eight times during the study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Stomatitis ( 107 [ 40 % ] patients in the everolimus group vs 11 [ 8 % ] in the placebo group ) , rash ( 66 [ 25 % ] vs six [ 4 % ] ) , and fatigue ( 53 [ 20 % ] vs 22 [ 16 % ] ) were the most commonly reported adverse events , but were mostly mild or moderate in severity .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Blood loss , remnant liver function and morbidity were comparable .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients with macular holes larger than 400 m were included .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The present results have shown for the first time that the administration of AGE for 12 weeks increased plasma adiponectin levels in patients with MS. This suggests that AGE might be a useful , novel , nonpharmacological therapeutic intervention to increase adiponectin and to prevent cardiovascular ( CV ) complications in individuals with MS.\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Unintentional intraepineural injection occurred in 8 % of patients ( 3 patients in the subparaneural group and 1 patient in the extraneural group ; NS ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The number of intraoperative instrument exchanges also decreased by 70 % , and use of specific materials required to achieve hemostasis decreased significantly .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At baseline and 7 months after stroke , subjects underwent MR angiogram and assessment of cardiovascular risk factors including lipoprotein levels .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: University internal medicine clinic ; 24 physicians and 157 patients .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was no significant difference in the delta lateral ROM between the segments : C3/C4 , C4/C5 , C5/C6 , and C6/C7 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After the interventions the EG increased significantly his punctuations ( p < 0.05 ) in the three indicators , I : 12.5 to 18 , j : 11.5 to 18 ; p : 5 a 12.5 ; g : 27 to 47 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In this randomized split-face study , we compared a novel biostimulatory polycaprolactone ( PCL ) - based dermal filler with a NASHA-based dermal filler , for safety , efficacy , and duration of cosmetic correction for the treatment of nasolabial folds ( NLFs ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n<Assistant>Received. I'll store this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-10 00:00]\n<User>Here are some annotated classification examples:\n\nSample: The size of the neovascular lesion at detection was 3.06 mm in Group 1 versus 0.89 mm in Group 2 ( P = 0.02 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This long-term secondary prevention programme with inpatient rehabilitation at the beginning and telephone reminder for a 3-year period was successful .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: All efficacy parameters were similar between the two treatment arms .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Six of 102 patients randomised to hospital at home refused admission , as did 23 of 97 allocated to hospital .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Additionally , our study provides evidence supporting an increased role of summary feedback to effectively train novices in technical skills .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Moreover , the gain was observed immediately after the intervention was completed , and after having run for a variable period of time up to 1 year .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Consecutive patients admitted for elective surgery with an expected hospital stay longer than 48 h were included .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Standard therapy included atenolol 50 mg daily , individualized dosages of methimazole and either 4 g of cholestyramine or 4 g of placebo powder four times per day .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The explained variance ( r ) of the regression models ( SCL-90 and pain intensity as predictors of RMDQ ) was 29 % for the total sample , and varied between the RCs from 17 % to 52 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Among these 36 , 20 consented to the trial .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Studies of cross-cultural variations in the perception of emotion have typically compared rates of recognition of static posed stimulus photographs .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The median follow-up was 60 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Eligible metastatic TNBC ( mTNBC ) women without prior treatment for advanced disease were randomized ( 1 : 1 ) to receive either docetaxel-cisplatin ( TP ) or docetaxel - capecitabine ( TX ) q3w for up to 6 cycles , until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were no significant differences between the two antibiotic regimens .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Because PLN levels are increased in smooth muscle from patients with EoE and PLN silencing diminishes contraction , we provide a novel potential mechanistic framework and therapeutic target for ESM dysfunction in patients with EoE .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Among women assigned to hormone therapy , associations between baseline-to-year-1 lipid level changes and CHD events were compared with the associations observed for baseline lipids using multivariate proportional hazards models .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We hypothesized that airway clearance in these patients would be more effective with in-exsufflation , compared to without in-exsufflation .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The treatment of OSA significantly improves early signs of atherosclerosis , supporting the concept that OSA is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To compare the performance of voluminous benign prostatic hyperplasia patients who have received laparoscopic simple prostatectomy ( LSP ) with the patients who have received bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate ( B-TURP ) in their perioperative and 3-year follow-up period .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Of 6112 patients in the efficacy population , 875 died within 3 years after the start of the study treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Laser alone and microdermabrasion plus laser significantly reduced the total number of acne lesions .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Treatment with R + FA resulted in a significantly higher proportion of patients achieving optimal levels of HDL-C ( 46.8 % vs. 20.8 % , P = 0.009 for R 10 mg + FA ) , TG ( 60.0 % vs. 34.0 % , P = 0.02 for R 10 mg + FA ; 54.0 % vs. 26.4 % , P = 0.005 for R 20 mg + FA ) , non-HDL-C ( 55.1 % vs. 36.4 % , P = 0.04 for R 5 mg + FA ) , ApoB ( 58.0 % vs. 36.4 % , P = 0.02 for R 5 mg + FA ) ; and the combined targets of LDL-C , HDL-C , and TG ( 28.3 % vs. 8.3 % , P = 0.02 for R 10 mg + FA ) and all 5 parameters ( 26.1 % vs. 8.3 % , P = 0.03 for R 10 mg + FA ) than corresponding-dose R monotherapies .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To develop decision rules in indicating IRR , prognostic potentialities of diagnostic and functional baseline variables for a favourable outcome of IRR were identified .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: To compare the therapeutic efficacy of a shampoo containing 1.5 % ciclopirox olamine and 3 % salicylic acid ( CPO/SA ) with Nizoral ( 2.0 % ketoconazole shampoo ) in a study involving 154 subjects with dandruff - 70 of whom also had seborrhoeic dermatitis of the scalp .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Thirty-seven patients with major depressive disorder were randomly allocated into 3 treatment groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The total effective rate in the treatment group was 82.4 % , which was markedly higher than that in the control group ( 54.8 % ) , showing a significant difference ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The 157 patients intervened for symptomatic haemorrhoids were randomised into two groups : Group with 100 mg diclofenac anal suppository after surgery ; and Control group without diclofenac .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The 5-year rate of grade 3-4 late radiation morbidity was 6 % for both regimens .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At both dialysate temperatures , blood pressure was well maintained .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A total number of 2500 pregnant women ( singleton pregnancy ) with a pre-pregnancy BMI 18.5 kg/m2 and 40 kg/m2 will be recruited in practices of gynaecologists and midwives in ten Bavarian regions .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The mechanisms of AT were examined in the laboratory and the blood donor clinic .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Bioequivalence between the test and reference products , as defined by the US Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) , is determined when the ratio for the 90 % CIs of the difference in the means of the log-transformed AUC ( 0-t ) , AUC ( 0-infinity ) , and C ( max ) of the 2 products are within 0.80 and 1.25 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: BG-12 ( dimethyl fumarate ) is in development as an oral treatment for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis , which is commonly treated with parenteral agents ( interferon or glatiramer acetate ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Fever > or = 38 degrees C within 3 days of vaccination was seen in 11.2 % versus 11.7 % of TIV versus placebo recipients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Intravenous pyelography was not performed preoperatively .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Thanks for sharing. I've committed this to memory."]
[{"question": "Sentence: However , its use is limited due to potential systemic toxicity .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: This study had a statewide group-randomized prospective trial design .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This exploratory analysis of the MDRD study indicates a slower mean GFR decline in women as compared with men .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The initial doses of nefopam and ketoprofen were 8 and 20 mg , respectively , in the nefopam-ketoprofen group , with the same dose adjustment intervals .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Our aim was to describe and compare associations between changes in eating behaviors and weight after 6 and 48 months .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Forty-eight patients with ovarian endometrioma were enrolled in two consecutive independent randomized trials .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Hyperopia declined significantly with increasing age .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In the intention to treat analysis no significant differences were found between any of the groups at any of the assessment times .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The primary outcome was the mean change in visual acuity at 1 year .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A time effect was noted for HR , SBP , and DBP ( p < 0.05 ) , with HR and SBP higher at 2.5 hr compared to Pre ( due to exercise ) and DBP lower at 2.5 hr compared to Pre .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Compared to pure GP training , collaborative group intervention achieved a progressive , clinically meaningful improvement in mental but not physical QoL .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Investigated group received a carbohydrate-rich beverage the day before and two hours before surgery .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Likewise all subjects were more satisfied with performance of their goals after undergoing elbow extension reconstruction .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: To determine whether propranolol can decrease surgical tremor and anxiety in residents performing ocular microsurgery without impairing patient or physician safety .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: At baseline , immediately after the 6-week intervention period , and 3 months later , the primary outcome measures pain intensity and pain-related disability were assessed .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Mean removal times were 38 % faster in the `` U '' group than in the standard group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: More wear was consistently recorded in the maxillary teeth compared to the mandibular teeth and in the first molar teeth compared to the premolar teeth and the second molars .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Dogs were paired for sex , body weight , and approximate age and assigned to 1 of 2 groups : fenoldopam ( F ) or placebo ( P ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Comparisons : acarbose versus placebo and metformin versus placebo were statistically significant , but not acarbose versus metformin .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: We enrolled 80 women affected by mild chronic hypertension referred to the High Risk Clinic of the Mother-Infant Department of the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This multi-site , double-blind , placebo-controlled study will randomize 300 participants across 11 sites .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: 6 weeks of nocturnal NIV improves chest symptoms , exertional dyspnoea , nocturnal hypoventilation and peak exercise capacity in adult patients with stable CF with awake hypercapnia .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Buccal misoprostol is effective for cervical ripening but results in a higher incidence of tachysystole than does intravaginal administration .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: We aimed to assess whether a multicentre , cluster randomised trial is a feasible method to substantiate or refute this finding .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: To observe clinical therapeutic effect of moxibustion and acupuncture at Zusanli ( ST 36 ) on refractory facial paralysis .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The children were videotaped for later grading .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The only significant effect of the intervention was on patient satisfaction .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Atrial fibrillation is significantly less common during AAIR pacing .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: One possible explanation for the fact that blood flow velocity was not affected by red wine , diet and physical activity advice is that two thirds of our patients were already on statin therapy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: These findings suggest that there is less systemic stress response after laparoscopic than after open hernia repair .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: In a sample of first-episode patients ( N = 125 ) , symptomatic and functional remission during the last 9 months of a 2-year follow-up period were examined , as well as recovery and its predictors .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Standard 10 days triple therapy had the highest success ( p = 0.0001 ) rate in our study while quadruple therapy was the second successful regimen .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: min-1 ) and 10 younger sedentary males ( 24 + / - 5 y , VO ( 2max ) 40.5 + / - 5.0 mL .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The middle age were 8 years 10 months ( ranges : 4 to 14 years ) in group A and 8 years ( ranges : 5 to 13 years ) in group B.\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: In contrast to the comparison group , weight trainers had a significantly improved evaluation of their appearance , greater body satisfaction , reduced social physique anxiety , and enhanced physical self-efficacy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In EASE-PD Adjunct , the predicted probability of an off-time response for a patient on placebo was approximately 0.4 , increasing to a near total probability of response rate ( approximately 0.9 ) at higher systemic exposures of ropinirole 24-hour prolonged release .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , mood , general health , and quality of life remained significantly better in the assess/advise/treat group ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Exposures measured included self-reported sun exposure by life stage , objective measures of skin phenotype and actinic damage , and vitamin D status .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The time of no-lock use , but not the type of lock solution or time of observation , was a significant predictor of catheter colonization ( P = 0.004 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Of those with intermittent AF predicted to be high risk ( 24 % ) , the observed stroke rate was 7.8 % per year ( 95 % confidence interval 4.5 to 14 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: A total of 42 patients with acute ischemic stroke due to MCA occlusion within 24 h were recruited and randomly allotted to two groups ( 21 patients in each group ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: At baseline ( time 0 ) , there was no difference in symptoms ( P = .23 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The aim of this study was to assess the safety of ospemifene , a novel selective estrogen receptor modulator , for the treatment of vulvar and vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women with a uterus .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: In group B , 12 healthy subjects were given BILR 355/r ( 150 mg/100 mg ) b.i.d. for 7 days .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: We calculated c-indexes , reflecting the ability for discriminating diseased vs. non-diseased patients , and the net reclassification improvement ( NRI , an index of inferior/superior performance of risk estimation scores ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Laboratory and electrocardiographic variables did not differ significantly between placebo - and magnesium-treated groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The orthosis examined in this trial has been successfully shown to reduce and prevent the development of clinical symptoms of shoulder-hand syndrome .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The group of the Tegafur presented a descent of the relapse rate and a continuation of the time free of illness ; but it was not statistically significant .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Pregnancy rates were clinically , but not statistically , different between the treatment groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Previous work has shown that individuals with aspirin-sensitive asthma have high basal urinary LTE4 levels which increase further upon aspirin ingestion , and that sulphidopeptide leukotriene receptor antagonists attenuate aspirin-induced airflow obstruction .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Other tests used were the Stairs-Hopple test , quadriceps atrophy , and evaluating level pain after activity by a visual analogue scale .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Primary outcome measure was time to relapse [ CD activity index ( CDAI ) of > 150 plus an increase of at least 60 points from study entry or withdrawal due to clinical deterioration ] .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Unstimulated saliva and subgingival samples were collected and analysed by culture and PCR .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This simple intervention administered during a health maintenance visit did not result in a decrease in iron depletion at 2 years of age but did result in a 60 % reduction in prolonged bottle use .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Despite the fact that both general anaesthetics and hypotensive drugs influence autonomic nervous activity , no study has yet examined the heart rate variability during deliberate hypotension and general anaesthesia .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The premolar intercusp distance had a relapse at checkpoint 3 of 1.84 mm ( 7.18 % ) ( P < 0.001 ) in the no-retention group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Co-administration of pioglitazone with metformin or an SU is an effective alternative to fixed-dose metformin + glibenclamide combination for patients with type 2 diabetes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: In the experimental study , the effect of SHA on anti-inflammatory and anti-viral were observed .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery unit of the University of Hong Kong .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: In patients receiving reperfusion < 3.17 h , adenosine compared with placebo significantly reduced 1-month mortality ( 5.2 vs. 9.2 % , respectively , P = 0.014 ) , 6-month mortality ( 7.3 vs. 11.2 % , P = 0.033 ) , and the occurrence of the primary 6-month composite clinical endpoint of death , in-hospital CHF , or rehospitalization for CHF at 6 months ( 12.0 vs. 17.2 % , P = 0.022 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The restoration of oral intake was achieved one day after stent placement .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: A double-blind placebo-controlled study was performed to evaluate its efficacy in nevirapine-induced rash prevention .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Solicited and unsolicited symptoms were recorded for 15 and 31 days after each dose , respectively .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was close agreement on scoring of the tapes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: We propose that massage intervention affects the maturation of brain electrical activity and favours a process more similar to that observed in utero in term infants .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: We found a direct relation between the apnea-hypopnea index and the daily dosage of methadone ( P = 0.002 ) but not to other around-the-clock opioids .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The importance of endoscopic picture for efficacy evaluation is doubtful and needs to be further discussed .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: To investigate the ability of three diagnostic tests : frequency-doubling technology ( FDT ) , scanning laser polarimetry ( GDx ) , and nerve fiber layer ( NFL ) photographs to distinguish normal from glaucomatous eyes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: TCM therapy for detoxification , removing stasis , and nourishing yin can effectively regulate the levels of serum lipids and lipoproteins in preventing and treating SLE patients with corticosteroid-induced hyperlipemia .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Time to 1 mm ST segment depression and to peak exercise , maximal ST segment depression , and the number of ECG leads showing diagnostic changes were also measured .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Physical fitness indicators included body compositions , cardiovascular-respiratory functions , physical functions and the range of motion .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Both peritoneovenous shunts and paracentesis have been used , but there is uncertainty about their relative merits .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The first ( n = 12 ) was a six-way incomplete crossover pilot study of rising doses of netazepide ( range 0.5-100 mg ) and placebo .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Decisions to change or begin treatment are made jointly with the patient when EMGT progression occurs and also later if clinically needed .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The present study indicates that the ETCO ( 2 ) difference between TLV and early OLV has an association with impaired oxygenation later during OLV .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Favorable microbiological outcome rates against Gram-negative pathogens were numerically higher with doripenem than with piperacillin/tazobactam , but the difference was not statistically significant .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Treatment of PONV was at the discretion of the postanesthesia care unit ( PACU ) nurses who were blinded to the identity of the opioid used .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Subjects were randomly allocated to one of three groups for which the protocol only differed with respect to the duration of rinsing .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Baseline intraepidermal nerve fiber density ( n = 21 ) was lower on the pain side compared with the nonpain side ( -3.8 fibers per millimeter [ 95 % CI = -6.1 to -1.4 ] ; P = 0.003 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: STND and TECH will attend 8 group sessions and receive regular coaching calls during the first 6 months of the intervention ; SELF will receive the Group Lifestyle Balance Program DVD 's and will not receive coaching calls .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A total of 96 participants within six-months of a single , unilateral ischemic , or hemorrhagic stroke will be recruited in this prospective , single-blind , multisite randomized clinical trial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The cream group received a HM-derived cream supplement if the energy density of the HM tested < 20 kcal/oz using a near infrared HM analyzer .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Mean changes from baseline CD4 count were 332 and 295 cells/mm in the raltegravir and efavirenz arms , respectively [ ( 95 % CI ) = 37 ( 4 , 69 ) ] .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: INR was within the normal reference range after all treatments .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: This study suggests that direct driving feedback using video and GPS technology could be an effective and novel means to provide older driver education .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: In-hospital mortality was similar in both groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The goal is also to identify which of three different interventions that is most cost-effective for patients with whiplash associated disorders .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The study group included 26 renal patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Clonidine levels were therapeutic ( 1-2 ng/ml ) throughout the study period .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The ETT group demonstrated a 27 % HR increase and a 42 % MAP increase compared with a 12 % HR increase and a 23 % MAP increase in the LMA group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Blood pressure was evaluated by standard blood pressure measurements before and after treatment , and by 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in a subgroup of patients ( n = 18 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The most important discriminators were the postvoid-to-maximum count ratio , the cortical 20-minute-to-maximum count ratio , and the postvoid-to-1-to-2-minute count ratio .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In NOMAC/E2 users , mean ( SD ) z-score change from baseline for lumbar spine and femoral neck were 0.019 0.242 and -0.007 0.228 , respectively , vs. 0.121 0.269 and 0.044 0.253 in LNG/EE users , respectively .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Adverse events in the alemtuzumab group , as compared with the interferon beta-1a group , included autoimmunity ( thyroid disorders [ 23 % vs. 3 % ] and immune thrombocytopenic purpura [ 3 % vs. 1 % ] ) and infections ( 66 % vs. 47 % ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Refractive error was the main cause of vision impairment/blindness in cataract-operated eyes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Intrapartum-related deaths dominated in the home delivery group , whereas prematurity was the most prominent cause of death at all facility levels .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The higher rate of uterine tachysystole with misoprostol did not increase the cesarean section rate .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Inhaler technique was videotaped before and after information .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: One thirty one patients with a primary complaint of LBP participating in a clinical trial were assessed at baseline and at a 1 - and 4-week follow-up .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Greater dietary gains were expected for FRESH START participants relative to controls .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}]