["[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-01 00:00]\n<User>Please memorize these classification examples and their labels:\n\nSample: Patients were randomly assigned to receive standard doses of either artemether-lumefantrine ( 261 ) or amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine ( 260 ) for 3 days .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the control group ( n = 40 ) , the patients wore an unreadable motion sensor for seven days for measurement purposes only ( at start of follow-up , and after six and 18 weeks ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Gene transfer with VEGF-Adv or VEGF-P/L during PTCA and stenting shows that ( 1 ) intracoronary gene transfer can be performed safely ( no major gene transfer-related adverse effects were detected ) , ( 2 ) no differences in clinical restenosis rate or minimal lumen diameter were present after the 6-month follow-up , and ( 3 ) a significant increase was detected in myocardial perfusion in the VEGF-Adv-treated patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: According to the intention-to-treat analysis , the 3-year graft survival rate was 95 % in group A and 87 % in group B ( P = ns ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No ADV or FTC resistance was detected at week 96 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Cholesterol screenings and mammograms were borderline significant ( P = 0.05 and P = 0.06 , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Outcomes were the proportion of smokers reporting clinician counseling of any kind and the frequency of 2 counseling subcomponents : simple quit advice and more intensive discussion .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To correlate estradiol and progesterone concentrations in luteal phase with pregnancy rates , and to determine the real value of estradiol administration during luteal phase support .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Postoperative airway-related morbidity was not significantly different .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A prospective , randomized trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The optimal hyperbaric oxygen ( HBO2 ) treatment protocol for acute carbon monoxide ( CO ) poisoning is unknown .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: mn ( -1 ) for the first 3 hours and 0.015-0 .03 microg.kg ( -1 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients who presented with peptic ulcers and were found to be infected with H. pylori while receiving NSAIDs were recruited into the study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Opioid escalation index ( OEI ) as percentage ( OEI % ) and in mg ( OEI mg ) was calculated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In a previous observational study , thoracic epidural analgesia ( TEA ) after open renal surgery resulted in clinically relevant postvoid residuals ( PVRs ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: CPE did not differ across the alternative products ( p .03 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , very little information is available on the effect of natural sources of TFA coming from milk fat , dairy products and ruminant meat .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Resveratrol , a natural polyphenolic compound produced by various plants ( e.g. red grapes ) and found in red wine , has glucose-lowering effects in humans and rodent models of obesity and/or diabetes .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Interferon alfa as used in the regimens studied does not improve outcome for patients with stage IIb/III melanomas , and can not be recommended .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Almost one-third of this sample of ever drinkers had engaged in 30-day binge drinking .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Painful procedures , longer anesthesia times , and the Arabian horse breed were associated with poorer VAS scores .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Subgroup analysis on eyes with IOP > 21 mmHg showed the Tonosafe disposable head was on average 0.15 + / - 2.40 mmHg higher than the Goldmann tonometer head .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Although no generally effective treatment for proctalgia fugax is known , inhalation of salbutamol has been reported to shorten pain attacks in isolated cases .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Patients aged 18-65 years were enrolled and divided into four groups ( 12 patients in each group ) : a control group , a group given ulinastatin ( UTI group ) , a group given blood transfusion ( BT group ) , and a group given both blood transfusion and ulinastatin ( BT+UTI group ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In those COMB women who trained at least twice a week , the tibial shaft structure weakened 2 % ( 0-4 % ) less than those in the CON group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Fluoroscopy was used to obtain venous access during peripheral injection of CO2 ( n = 41 ) or low osmolar contrast material ( Omnipaque 240 mgI/ml ) ( n = 33 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Our aims are to understand how , why , and for whom the intervention produced the observed outcomes and to develop effective strategies for translation and dissemination .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: These benefits were maintained during the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To compare the effects of bipolar vessel sealing versus conventional clamping and suturing in women undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In multivariate analysis , there was a significant 64 % increase in the risk for appropriate ICD therapy among obese patients as compared with nonobese patients , which was attributed mainly to an 86 % increase in the risk of appropriate ICD shocks ( P = 0.006 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: With unilateral tonsillectomies , three patients required tonsillectomy to the other side , two had recurrent tonsillitis , and one had severe compensatory hypertrophy with persistent difficulty in inspiration and mouth breathing .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers : NCT00087490 and NCT00084266 .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: All living patients were contacted 24 months after their index study procedure .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This article describes the design , implementation and results of the training and competency program .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Multiple Cox regression analysis was used , and explained variation was assessed to quantify the relative importance of the predictors .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: ( a ) The error negativities of the nonmedicated and medicated PD patients were attenuated compared to those of healthy elderly controls at frontocentral scalp sites ; and ( b ) nonmedicated and medicated PD patients produced error negativities similar to each other .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Four patients who experienced any symptoms in the tenoxicam group scored mild sore throat compared to 16 patients in the control group scoring mild , gradually developing moderate or severe sore throat ( P < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Noted. I'll remember these details.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-02 00:00]\n<User>Please learn from these labeled classification instances:\n\nSample: This study was designed to assess the possibility that a subgroup of patients at high risk for recurrent ischemia and reinfarction after thrombolytic therapy might benefit from early intervention .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Our primary outcome measures were clinical success of treatment-ie , cessation of watery diarrhoea within 48 h-and bacteriological success-ie , absence of Vibrio cholerae O1 or O139 from cultures of stool or rectal swab samples after study day 2 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Over four years there were 47 fewer deaths related to abdominal aortic aneurysms in the screening group than in the control group , but the additional costs incurred were pound 2.2 m.\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Outcomes were measured at baseline , 2 and 6 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To compare the inter-method agreement in intraocular pressure ( IOP ) measurements made with four different tonometric methods .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The subjects were randomized to receive either a single 2-g dose of ampicillin or a cephalosporin as prophylaxis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: NCT00940290 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: There was also a significant increase in leg muscle protein breakdown .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Follow-up data were obtained from 185 patients ( 90 in group NA and 95 in group A ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The primary objective of this study was to determine the intraocular pressure - ( IOP ) lowering efficacy over two consecutive 24-h periods of travoprost 0.004 % ophthalmic solution ( Travatan ) compared to latanoprost 0.005 % ( Xalatan ) dosed once daily in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Prospective , randomized , masked clinical trial with intraindividual comparison .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Symptoms were reevaluated at 3 and 6 months , while physical and laboratory examinations were evaluated at 1 month and at the end of treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Furthermore , biomechanical discomfort is found in the school environment .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Patients were more satisfied and had fewer problems with rapid diagnosis and treatment in the AOU than they did with routine inpatient hospitalization .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The results also suggest that high dosage folic acid does not compromise fetal growth .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There was an overall decrease ( P = 0.028 ) in ratings of perceived exertion in CIT compared with PLC , but no between-trial difference ( P > 0.05 ) in PP or MP in any UBISP test occurred .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The use of the mouthwash and toothpaste studied improved the dry mouth symptoms , whilst no significant differences when compared with the salivary enzyme substitutes were observed .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Thus , plasma endothelin-1 has been shown to correlate with increased pulmonary vascular resistance and the risk of failing Fontan circulation .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The simvastatin group received medication and traditional counseling .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Eighty-seven patients were randomly assigned to either CDDP/epi or placebo gel in this phase III , double-blind study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Immediately after contact lens removal , total corneal thickness was increased significantly by 13.8 + / - 2.3 % ( mean + / - SD ) compared with baseline ( P < .0001 , paired t test ) and after 100 minutes was still 4.5 + / - 2.3 % thicker than baseline ( P < .0001 , paired t test ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Mean SD VAS score at rest was significantly lower ( p < 0.05 ) in SILC group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Data from the GUARDIAN trial indicate that myocardial muscle creatine kinase isoenzyme ( CK-MB ) values of > 10 times the upper limit of normal during the initial 48 hours after CABG are associated with significantly increased six-month mortality ( p < 0.001 ) ; the six-month mortality risk is similar to that observed in acute coronary syndrome patients , even after adjustment for baseline variables known to impact long-term prognosis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Buttonhole needling is reported to be associated with less pain than standard needling .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Brimonidine reduces intraocular pressure without altering retinal capillary blood flow in patients with ocular hypertension .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: An experimental study with a training phase and an assessment phase was conducted with 36 Year 3 medical students , randomly assigned to one of two groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were no statistically significant differences in pharmacokinetic parameters between preserved and preservative-free formulations after either single ( day 1 ) or repeated ( day 8 ) dosing .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Strength decreased for the isometric ( 17 % ) ( P < 0.05 ) and eccentric ( 34 % ) ( P < 0.01 ) groups following exercise .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary outcome of the trial was the rate of live births .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The purpose of this study was to obtain these costs and to describe this population .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: To investigate the effect of various presbyopic vision corrections on nighttime driving performance on a closed-road driving circuit .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: All participants underwent a comprehensive functional assessment and evaluation of their home environment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Headache occurred in 8/14 subjects during MSG and 2/14 during placebo ( P = 0.041 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Baseline CA 19-9 and CA 19-9 kinetics during first-line chemotherapy are prognostic in advanced PC .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The relative risk was 0.55 ( 95 % Cl 0.39-0 .77 ; p = 0.0005 ) , which is equivalent to one extra survivor for every three to four infants allocated ECMO .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary aim of this study was to test whether docetaxel plus cisplatin ( DC ) improves survival compared with vindesine plus cisplatin ( VdsC ) in patients with previously untreated stage IV NSCLC .\n\nLabels: 3\n<Assistant>Received. I'll store this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-03 00:00]\n<User>Please study these classification instances and their labels:\n\nSample: Plasma thyroid hormones and insulin-like growth factor-I ( IGF-I ) were studied in relation to energy and macronutrient intake .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Senior citizens who volunteered in the present intervention enabled the smooth implementation of the programme and alleviated the burden on professional staff .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Solifenacin was highly bound to plasma proteins ( fraction of the drug unbound in plasma was approximately 0.02 ) , but there was no clear effect of gender or age .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Ibuprofen arginate and dexibuprofen showed similar bioavailability for S ( + ) - ibuprofen .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Each arm had similar responses for each stratification factor .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Regional anaesthesia has therefore been regarded as the method of choice in this kind of surgery .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The second ephedrine bolus produced no further improvement .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To describe and classify individual trajectories of 15-day changes in delirium severity .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: There are few well-designed studies evaluating the effect of oral nutrition supplements in patients with cancer cachexia .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Thus , angiotensin II may be considered as one important physiological modulator of EPO production in humans .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In-hospital complications occurred in 43 of 83 patients ( 52 % ) in the low-volume group and in 61 of 83 ( 73 % ) in the control group ( relative risk , 0.70 ; 95 % CI , 0.55-0 .88 ; P = 0.006 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was no significant difference in the 28-day mortality rate between two groups ( 34.0 % vs. 37.0 % , P > 0.05 ) , but patients of low-stretch group had lower incidence of hypercapnia than low-tidal-volume group ( 10.6 % vs. 40.7 % , P < 0.05 ) , and also the duration of using sedatives [ ( 4.5 + / -1.2 ) days vs. ( 8.7 + / -2.3 ) days ] and neuromuscular blockade agents [ ( 8.4 + / -2.1 ) days vs. ( 10.7 + / -1.2 ) days ] , and the length of ventilation and ICU stay [ ( 10.2 + / -2.2 ) days vs. ( 13.7 + / -3.1 ) days , all P < 0.05 ] were less .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Since hyperinsulinemia is a hallmark of T2DM , it is important to verify that increased insulin production is not due to increased insulin resistance .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: A needle was inserted into a sagittal plane , 20 degrees dorsally , until muscle twitches were observed in synchrony with the stimulation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The system identified 1100 patients with asthma exacerbations , of which 704 had a final asthma diagnosis determined by a physician-established reference standard .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients with an indication of UGI were randomized to receive sedation with dexmedetomidine or midazolam during the procedure .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This randomized , placebo-controlled , phase 1 study in 62 overweight or obese men explored the effects and tolerability of AZD7687 , a reversible and selective DGAT1 inhibitor .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: There was no difference between the two arms in favor of 40 Gy EF compared to 30 Gy EF regarding FFTF and OAS , without any in field relapse throughout the EF volumes .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Nevertheless , once-daily sevelamer carbonate powder decreased serum phosphorus levels significantly , reaching the KDOQI phosphorus target in most patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Mean hospital stay was 6.8 days ( range 3-13 days ) for lumbotomic and 8.2 days ( range 5-15 days ) for laparotomic access ( p < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After induction there was a significant decrease in mean arterial pressure for both groups ( P < 0.001 ) and a decrease in heart rate ( P = 0.001 ) in the remifentanil group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To compare the treatment outcomes of calcium-enriched mixture ( CEM ) cement and mineral trioxide aggregate ( MTA ) as pulp dressing biomaterials in vital pulpotomy of carious primary molars .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: There was a statistically significant improvement of SPID in the Throat Coat-treated group : Least square means + / - standard error of the means ( SEM ) of SPID were -16.5 + / - 13.9 in the placebo group and -43.8 + / - 11.9 in the Throat Coat-treated group ( p = 0.012 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Cost effectiveness was evaluated using a five-stage Markov model and a Monte Carlo simulation with 10,000 trials .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients were assessed for occurrence of surgical site infection ( defined by the criteria of the Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention ) , other infections , or adverse events up to 6 months after surgery .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All patients were placed under standard anesthesia with sevoflurane .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Of 571 patients assessed over the baseline period , 355 ( mean age , 43.5 years ; 300/355 [ 84.5 % ] female ) were enrolled and randomized .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Seven groups ( each comprising 8-12 women ) were conducted in each of the 4 conditions ( 28 groups total ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Naloxone , as a low-priced and available drug , may be useful in improvement of signs and symptoms of benzodiazepines intoxication .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Atrial natriuretic peptide , a hormone synthesized by the cardiac atria , increases the glomerular filtration rate by dilating afferent arterioles while constricting efferent arterioles .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Two alternative dialytic treatments , A or B , were chosen , the latter being more efficient .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Preventive screening for dental caries in toddlers by dental professionals is labor-intensive and costly .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The negative impact of diabetes on quality of life , disease-related worries , and life satisfaction did not change significantly with age .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: During and after CPB , there was no difference in ketanserin and in vasopressive/inotropic agent requirements .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The research team evaluated all patients at baseline , after 2 weeks , and after 4 weeks using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Physical Performance ( FMA ) , a modified Barthel Index ( BI ) , and the Neurologic Defect Scale ( NDS ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Olive oil consumption was evaluated with validated food frequency questionnaires .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to investigate possible endothelial dysfunction in patients with SSC complicated by PHT .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The upper limit of detrusor pressure increase during bladder filling to maximum cystometric capacity was 16 cm H ( 2 ) O. Ten percent of women who qualified for stress incontinence surgery with a positive cough stress test on physical exam did not demonstrate urodynamic stress incontinence ( USI ) and less than 10 % of subjects in this study demonstrated detrusor overactivity .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The clinical pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group [ 207/325 ( 67 % ) versus 150/314 ( 47.8 % ) ; odds ratio ( OR ) 1.39 ; 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) 1.11-1 .74 ] .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Compared with the distal esophagus , GER to the proximal esophagus occurred ( p = 0.017 ) and induced cough ( p = 0.004 ) less often .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were no significant differences in mean raw scores between the simulators for six of the seven tasks .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Clinical benefit was equivalent between groups at twelve months , and safety was similar .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A non-blinded pilot study undertaken by this study group suggested that IN ketamine showed similar analgesic effectiveness to that reported with IN fentanyl in similar non-blinded studies .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Sixty patients with perianal fistulas were randomly assigned to receive an anal fistula plug or a mucosal advancement flap and were blinded for the type of treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A positive energy balance , by overfeeding , resulted in a significantly higher amplitude of the 24h plasma leptin curve , compared to a condition of energy balance .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Treatment with orlistat in conjunction with diet promotes significantly greater weight loss and cardiovascular risk factor reduction than diet alone amongst obese patients at high risk of future coronary events .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The incidence of gram-positive exit-site infection in group C was 1 episode per 36.8 patient-months ; in group M , the incidence was 1 episode per infinity patient-months ( 0 incidence in 5 months , p < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Received. I'll store this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-04 00:00]\n<User>Please study these classification instances and their labels:\n\nSample: Buprenorphine TDS was shown to be an effective analgesic against chronic , severe pain in this study population .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We evaluated the efficacy of 40 micrograms/ml , prostaglandin E1 versus a combination of 17.64 mg .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Ketamine may induce negative symptoms through direct inhibition of the NMDA receptor , and positive symptoms may arise through a different neurochemical pathway .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Seven in the PCEA group ( 37 % ) experienced early epidural failure , and 2 in the IV-PCA group remained intubated , sedated , and ventilated for several hours postoperatively ; these patients were included in the intention-to-treat analysis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In a phase 3 noninferiority study , patients with complicated SSSIs , including infections known or suspected to involve MRSA , were randomized ( ratio , 2 : 1 ) in a double-blind manner to receive dalbavancin ( 1000 mg given intravenously on day 1 and 500 mg given intravenously on day 8 ) or linezolid ( 600 mg given intravenously or intravenously/orally every 12 h for 14 days ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: High-dose hGH treatment produced increases in serum levels of big and mature IGF-II and IGFBP-3 but without generation of high molecular weight complexes .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 ( GLP-1 ) reduces plasma glucose in type 2 diabetic patients by stimulating insulin secretion and inhibiting glucagon secretion .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: T. vaginalis incidence is high in women .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Six endoscopy nurses , who perform color calibrations , and five endoscopists viewed the images .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Although the results of secondary outcomes , triglyceride , and total cholesterol were not statistically significant , the high-density lipoprotein trend was in the expected direction for the IG ( F = 8.982 , P = .001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In a prospective randomised clinical trial , 63 patients ( 63 eyes ) with suspected bacterial endophthalmitis ( postoperative and post-traumatic ) were treated with vitrectomy and intravitreal antibiotics and randomised to intravitreal dexamethasone ( IOAB with = 29 eyes ) and no dexamethasone ( IOAB without = 34 eyes ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To investigate the effect of two different fresh gas flows on inspired and end-tidal sevoflurane concentration for a given vaporizer setting in a low-flow anesthesia system .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Stimulation of corticotropin and cortisol release by a selective 5-HT1A-agonist is reduced with long-term administration of these serotoninergic antidepressants .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In a single-blind , randomized , cross-over study the authors evaluated the effects of a one-week treatment with nifedipine 20 mg bid , diltiazem 120 mg bid or placebo on cardiac and renal functions of six stable heart transplant recipients treated chronically with cyclosporine .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These findings demonstrate that exercise training in heart failure patients results in dramatic reductions in directly recorded resting sympathetic nerve activity .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanical strength and durability of intramedullary nailing ( IM ) and percutaneous pinning ( PP ) for fixation of three-part proximal humeral fractures using a cadaveric model .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: As expected , the conventional coronary artery bypass grafting and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting groups showed similar histology , but more importantly , no atrial changes were detected in relation to cardiopulmonary bypass exposure in the conventional coronary artery bypass grafting group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This improvement can be obtained in only 5 days without serious initial adverse events .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Subjects in the two ALA-PDT treatment group had a 97.5 % mean reduction ( P < 0.00001 ) from the number of baseline actinic keratosis ; ALA-PDT plus ingenol mebutate gel group had an 86.7 % mean reduction ( P < 0.00001 ) ; while subjects in the ingenol mebutate gel alone group had a 91.7 % mean reduction from the number of baseline actinic keratoses .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: GH increased total IGF-I ( P < 0.02 ) , free IGF-I ( P < 0.04 ) and fasting insulin ( P < 0.04 ) levels , but did not modify plasma IGF-binding proteins ( IGFBPs ) -1 and -3 , fasting glucose , non-esterified fatty acid and C-peptide levels , and fasting S ( I ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Additional studies are required to determine whether other aspects of the disorder may benefit from the higher dose of metformin .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Clinical relevance The short duration of action of 0.1 mg kg ( -1 ) hyoscine IV may limit its usefulness for correction of hypotension in horses anaesthetized with halothane .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Infants received Hib-OMP vaccine at 2 , 4 and 12 months of age .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Received. I'll store this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-05 00:00]\n<User>I want you to learn from these classified examples:\n\nSample: All underwent lymphatic mapping and an attempt to identify and remove a sentinel node .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Effect upon blood pressure lowering was not significantly different among these three regimens .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The easy - and difficult-goal groups show a significant improvement on DDR performance .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Overall , dissemination of the CPGs improved other important nutrition support practices but was not associated with improvements in clinical outcomes .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Forty-two patients undergoing elective colonic surgery were randomized into MBP or no-MBP groups ( 21 in each group ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In Glu - and Ico-treated patients , peritoneal transport of low molecular weight solutes and protein clearances neither changed during follow-up nor differed between the two groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Intraoperative remifentanil consumption was greater in CI than in TCI group ( 5,329 [ 1,833 ] v 3,662 [ 1,160 ] g , p = 0.003 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , CET does not specifically reduce attentional bias .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The frequency of arrhythmias and post-cleansing mucosal inflammation was similar in all three groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Secondary outcomes were response times for device initiation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: None of the patients experienced harm or side effects from the intermittent left arm ischemia .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: St John 's wort is an effective antidepressant that can reduce tobacco withdrawal symptoms , but it is not known whether it assists cessation .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Strepavidin-biotin ELISA was used to determine the serum sFas and sFasL concentration at baseline and different time point ( 24 h , 3 d , 7 d and 14 d ) after reperfusion .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: For the primary outcome parameter pain AG5 was not superior to placebo after 4 weeks of treatment but the equal reduction of pain in combination with higher reduction of pain medication suggests an effect of the preparation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The DSM-IV includes the specifier `` generalized '' to refer to social anxiety disorder ( social phobia ) patients if the fears include `` most social situations '' .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This sequence administration of lamivudine and IFN pattern can significantly improve the anti-virus effect on HBV replication , shorten the period of treatment with lamivudine , reduce the mutation rate of YMDD and prevent the rebound of HBV after drug withdrawal .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In this Japanese population with a high baseline fracture risk , combined treatment with folate and vitamin B12 is safe and effective in reducing the risk of a hip fracture in elderly patients following stroke .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Forty-eight patients ( age range 28 to 73 years ; 22 females , 26 males ) with buccal Class II furcation involvements in both contralateral lower first or second molars were included .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We conclude that both treatment methods result in an unacceptably high rate of failures and reoperations , and that alternative treatment , prosthesis replacement , should be considered in selected cases .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients randomized to the pain algorithm group achieved a statistically significant reduction in usual pain intensity , measured as slope scores , when compared with standard community practice ( P < .02 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The total effective rate was not significantly different between the 2 groups and the markedly effective rate was significantly different ( P < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: One-hundred and fifty teachers with elevated depressive symptoms ( Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale , CES-D 16 ) were assigned to either the iPST or WLC group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Open , prospective , cohort and randomized study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Xenon and nitrous oxide in combination with sevoflurane can reduce hemodynamic responses to skin incision compared with sevoflurane alone .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Fifteen patients were ineligible ; patient characteristics were well balanced between the two arms : 71 % were male , 71 % had less than 5 % weight loss , 89 % had a World Health Organization ( WHO ) performance status of 0 to 1 , 51 % had adenocarcinoma , and 61 % had stage IV disease .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Improvements in PANSS response rates , CGI-C , and cognitive function were similar between treatment groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The robotic intervention produced significantly greater improvements in the Action Research Arm Test than conventional therapy ( P = .033 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Behavioral and cognitive assessments were performed at baseline and after administration of the medications .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The proportion of patients with 1 graft occlusion or more was comparable in the imaging ( 30.9 % ) and control ( 28.9 % ) groups ( relative risk [ 95 % confidence interval ] , 1.1 [ 0.6-1 .9 ] ; P = .82 ) , as were other graft patency end points .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Hormone therapy may be an effective alternative to treatment with simvastatin , especially in women with normal triglyceride levels .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The costs of the programs to the cardiac health care system were not different .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A validated model for quantifying interstitial disease patterns was applied to images from 83 subjects at baseline and 12 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Immunotherapy may act , at least in part , by reducing seasonal recruitment of basophils and eosinophils into the epithelium .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Artificial disc arthroplasty offers the theoretical advantage of preservation of motion at the operative level with consequent stress reduction at adjacent levels .\n\nLabels: 0\n<Assistant>Noted. I'll remember these details.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-06 00:00]\n<User>Here are some classification examples to learn from. Please pay attention to the labels:\n\nSample: Current clinical practice is characterized by frequent antibiotic treatment despite low incidence of true infection .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Fifty-six microimplants were placed in 28 consecutive orthodontic patients for anchorage reinforcement in the maxilla for en-masse retraction .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At the end of Cycle 6 , there was a significant increase in the mean LS BMD in the NGM/EE group compared with placebo ( .020 g/cm2 vs. .008 g/cm2 ; p = .021 ) ; however , at the end of Cycle 13 the mean increase in LS BMD in the NGM/EE group compared with placebo was no longer significant ( .026 g/cm2 vs. .019 g/cm2 , p = .244 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Forty first-time acute stroke patients without severe cognitive or language impairment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aim of the present study was to compare RF with cryoablation ( cryo ) for the treatment of AFL , with emphasis on pain perception during application of energy .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The BFV varied within each perifoveal capillary , and the mean BFV also varied according to capillary location in the macula .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: All patients with mechanical ventilation or immune-depression received decontamination treatment of the oropharyngeal cavity with hexitidine ( Oraldine 0.5 mg/ml ) every 6-8 hours in accordance with the PICU 's conventional protocol .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Therapeutic Level 1 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At follow up , differences between medication conditions were not significant .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The rate of cesarean sections performed for fetal distress was fivefold higher in the control group ( 25 % [ 10/40 ] vs 5 % [ 2/39 ] , relative risk 4.9 , 95 % confidence interval 1.1 to 32.4 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: For small-for-gestational-age babies , the infants fed on hindmilk gained weight at a mean rate of 12.92 + / - 10.95 g/kg per day as compared with a mean rate of 5.01 + / - 17.37 g/kg per day for their controls on composite milk ( P < 0.0001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Three hundred five evaluable patients with ulcerative colitis in remission at the start of the trial were randomized into groups to undergo oral treatment with zileuton ( 600 mg qid ; n = 113 ) , mesalazine ( 400 mg qid ; n = 99 ) , or placebo ( n = 111 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: 25G can be chosen in preference to 22G when performing pancreatic EUS-FNA because 25G was significantly superior to 22G in terms of manipulability and complications although both were effective for accurate diagnosis .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The relationship between 30-day mortality rate and 13 prespecified potential prognostic factors was investigated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Areas under the plasma concentration-time curve ; AUC0-t and AUC0 - were 15,304.65 and 15,638.90 ngh/mL for test and 15,389.21 and 15,730.34 ngh/mL for reference .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Opioids can produce severe changes in the immune system .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: CBE training similarly affects lump detection in simulated premenopausal and postmenopausal breast tissue , but adversely affects specificity in simulated postmenopausal tissue only .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In this work , we propose that a combined measurement of the dialysis dose from two complementary perspectives of the removal process should provide a more complete description of dialysis than a measurement alone .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The extent of MVO was comparable in both groups , with a trend favouring the placebo group : 2.4 g ( 0.0 , 6.8 ) vs. 5.9 g ( 0.0 , 12.8 ) after adenosine ( P = 0.07 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The rate of visual gain , CMT , peripapillary RNFL thickness , phaco time , and amount of phaco energy were comparable in the 2 groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To carefully examine the features of controlled ovarian stimulation performed with recombinant FSH-alpha or hMG .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Inhibition of xanthine oxidase with allopurinol improved lower arm FMD ( 3.8 + / -1.1 to 10.1 + / -1.9 % ; P < 0.0001 ) , but did not improve upper arm FMD ( 11.8 + / -2.7 to 14.1 + / -3.7 % ; P = 0.4 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: N-3 PUFA intake from background diet did not significantly affect plasma n-3 levels .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Gastrointestinal , nervous system , and psychiatric adverse events occurred at a higher incidence with zonisamide than with placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No protective effect was observed by the intervention ( 47 versus 35 ; 52 % versus 39 % ; P = .22 ) , with fewer blisters occurring around the tape on the experimental foot than under the tape ( 23 vs 31 ; 25.6 % versus 34.4 % ) , yet 84 % of study participants when queried would choose paper tape for blister prevention in the future .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , success rate of the conventional technique was greater than the bone-condensing technique , which may be the result of trabecular fracture associated with the bone-condensing .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Erythema was systematically observed immediately after US application , but after 1 day , we observed three cases in the knee group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At the 30-day follow-up , the number of complications was greater in the control compared with the VLCD group ( 18 vs 8 ; P = .04 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Compared to placebo , ARB , but not CCB , increased hyperinsulinemia-associated baseline capillary density ( +2.3 3.4 ( P = 0.02 ) and -0.4 4.4 n/mm ( 2 ) , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Subjects in the NAC group received 10 mg/kg NAC dissolved in 100 mL 0.9 % normal saline intravenously 30 minutes before tourniquet inflation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Plasma interleukin-6 after surgery was not suppressed further by increasing the dose of hydrocortisone to 8 microg/kg/min , although the mean peak plasma interleukin-10 concentration increased further compared with the group that received the 4 microg/kg/min hydrocortisone dose .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Not using a surgical drain ( 123 patients ) was not associated with a higher rate of complications .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The patients were equally satisfied in both groups , with mean scores of 3.84 ( range 0 to 4 ) and 3.88 ( range 2 to 4 ) , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: PCL-1 and PCL-2 are safe and have sustained efficacy and high patient satisfaction , with PCL-2 demonstrating longer-lasting results than PCL-1 .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The between-group difference for the change in accelerometer counts/week was not significant from baseline to 6 ( 98 % CI -1 143 720 , 607 430 ) or 12 months ( 98 % CI -1 131 128 , 366 473 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Cardiac arrest was induced by intravenous bolus of potassium chloride ( 40 g/g ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Overall , the addition of oxaliplatin to FULV has not been proven to extend OS in this trial , but the DFS effect remained strong .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: First - , second - , and third-year residents on emergency rotations in the academic years 1992 to 1994 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: As anticipated , parathyroidectomy reduced serum calcium and intact parathyroid hormone levels .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Excellent. I've documented all of this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-07 00:00]\n<User>I'm providing classification data with labels for your reference:\n\nSample: The BASDAI was sensitive to change during treatment with infliximab ( effect size 1.18 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: These differences , though minor , remained statistically significant at 24 months of evolution ( 76 % vs. 48 % , p = 0.0004 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the Macroplastique and control groups the 1-hour pad weight decrease was 25.4 and 22.8 ml from baseline ( p = 0.64 ) , and the mean improvement in Urinary Incontinence Quality of Life Scale score was 28.7 and 26.4 ( p = 0.49 ) , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To assess associations among zinc-related parameters in a sample of Guatemalan school-aged children .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: With minimum follow-up of 6 months ( median treatment duration , 8 months ; range , < 1 to 15 months ) , marked and comparable hematologic ( complete , 86 % to 92 % ) and cytogenetic ( major , 54 % to 59 % ; complete , 41 % to 45 % ) response rates were observed across the four groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The automatic analysis of the SomnoStar 4100 system provides an unsatisfactory reading of sleep stages and respiratory episodes , especially hypopneas .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: EVOO consumption by mildly dyslipidemic patients is associated with favorable changes in circulating markers of cardiovascular condition .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The aim was to investigate whether this effect of lidocaine can be used to increase the resolution of levobupivacaine spinal anesthesia .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Ex vivo addition of 10 % and 20 % suction blood to systemic blood impaired platelet aggregability and clot stability .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Although oral hygiene testing at home usually provides subjective information , in this experiment , the data provided a positive , objective result .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In this phase I , prospective , single-blind trial conducted from April 2006 through April 2008 , we randomly assigned 60 patients to receive either 3 to 5 sessions of imaginal exposure therapy ( experimental group ) or 1 to 3 educational sessions only ( control group ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Eighty-five patients completed the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A 14-month , multisite randomized controlled trial of 117 rural women was conducted .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The present study investigates the effect of regional block , oral mexiletine , and the combination of both , on acute and chronic pain associated with cancer breast surgery .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: 165 patients underwent total thyroidectomy or near-total thyroidectomy ( group A ) , while 181 patients were exposed to a partial or subtotal thyroid gland removal treatment ( group B ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: ESD service seems to be most cost-effective for patients with a moderate stroke .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Prospective , double-blind study , randomized control trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Inclusion criteria were birthweight > or = 1000 g and pneumoperitoneum on x-ray ( necrotizing enterocolitis or isolated perforation ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No major bleeds occurred during the study ; the incidence of minor bleeds was similar in each treatment group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Seventy-one patients were recruited ( standard care 33 ; VEM 38 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Principal outcome measures were remission ( 28 continuous dry nights ) and relapse ( > 2 wet nights in 2 weeks after having achieved remission ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Twelve of 58 microimplants were placed unsuccessfully in the control group , versus 2 of 58 in the test group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect this clinical trial had on subsequent practice patterns and outcomes for patients with perforated appendicitis at the free-standing children 's hospital conducting the trial .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: No adjuvant therapy significantly affected death or deafness .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Decreased tear meniscus volumes and tear film stability may contribute to lower eye comfort for extended CL wearers .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Overall , the rate of wound complications did not differ significantly between the subcuticular sutures and staples groups ( odds ratio 0709 , 95 % CI 0474-1062 ; p = 012 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was no statistical difference between the groups in the alleviation of symptoms and signs of urogenital estrogen deficiency .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Pragmatic , multicentre cluster randomised controlled trial , with a nested qualitative study , in four study centres in England .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In contrast , reluctance to eat Plumpy ` nut was higher than for the Vietnamese RUTF ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Understood. I'll keep these facts for future reference.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-08 00:00]\n<User>These labeled training examples are for classification:\n\nSample: The overall survival at 2 and 5 years was 74 % and 47 % in arm B versus 51 % ( P = .04 ) and 41 % ( P = .61 ) in arm A. Serious toxicities were infrequent in both arms .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Nevertheless , even with EC on-hand , many respondents who reported unprotected intercourse decided not to take EC .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study noted that the rate of ADRs in Iran is probably as high as the rate in other parts of the world .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Many physicians believe that segmentectomy is superior because it allows for an improved parenchymal margin and nodal sampling .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This study aimed to investigate the effect of protein ingestion on leg protein turnover and vastus lateralis muscle protein synthesis during bicycle exercise and recovery .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Patients received care in a managed care setting with interpreter services and self-reported their English language ability and the Spanish language ability of their physician .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Primary outcomes of diabetes-related family conflict and parenting stress were assessed pre and post-intervention .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A double-blind , cross-over study of IVRA of the upper extremity in 10 healthy volunteers was performed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Compared with placebo , CGRP caused significant dilation of MMA ( p = 0.006 ) and no dilation of MCA ( p = 0.69 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Average mechanical CPR PETCO2 was higher in all cases .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Employing a randomized double-blind design , we assigned participants to daily treatment with placebo , 10 mg of simvastatin , or 40 mg of simvastatin for 6 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Forty-four patients with facial acne vulgaris were randomized to receive four MAL applications ( 80 mg/g ) at two-week intervals with occlusion on either the right or left side followed 90 minutes later by either 25 or 37 J/cm2 of red light .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: E ( 2 ) was associated with an acceptable safety and tolerability profile , with slightly more adverse events with E ( 2 ) 1.0 than 0.5 mg .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were followed up for an additional 8 weeks after completion of treatment and were clinically evaluated at weeks 0 , 2 , 4 and 12 by an investigator unaware of the patient 's type of treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The rosiglitazone-metformin association significantly improve the long-term control of all insulin-resistance-related parameters in comparison with the glimepiride-metformin-treated group .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: 256 patients assigned to receive SOX plus bevacizumab and 255 assigned to receive mFOLFOX6 plus bevacizumab were included in the primary analysis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: During a conservative hospitalization period , isokinetic strength training was performed by 19 randomized patients with gonarthritis in addition to regular physiotherapy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Post-bronchodilator FEV ( 1 ) improved significantly during roflumilast compared with placebo treatment with a mean difference between treatments of 68.7 ml ( 95 % CI 12.9 to 124.5 ; p = 0.018 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the simvastatin group , there was a significant correlation between the LDL cholesterol levels achieved therapeutically and the per patient mean loss of minimum lumen diameter ( r = 0.29 ; P = 0.003 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At randomization , subjects were advised to follow the intervention diet for 12 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: It was hypothesized that neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ( NLR ) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio ( PLR ) are potential predictors of subclinical atherosclerosis measured by aortic velocity propagation ( AVP ) and carotid intima-media thickness ( CIMT ) in psoriasis .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to compare the agreement of the new techniques with central PWV .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: A study was undertaken to determine whether the changes in MREE after RYGB are related to limb-length of the gastric bypass .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Here , we report the predictors of adherence to supervised exercise training during breast cancer chemotherapy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: All subjects received , on separate occasions , a high-carbohydrate ( HC ) , a high-fat ( HF ) , and a high-protein ( HP ) meal .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The number needed to treat to avoid 1 case of angiographic ISR was 6 ( 95 % confidence interval : 3.4 to 18.7 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The effects of childhood sleep problems , and their resolution using behavioural interventions , may be different in mothers and fathers .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There is a wealth of evidence regarding the detrimental impact of excessive alcohol consumption .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The closed technique produced quicker wound healing and a quicker return to normal activity .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The Talking About Live Kidney Donation ( TALK ) Study was a randomized controlled trial of the effectiveness of educational and social worker interventions designed to encourage early discussions and active pursuit of preemptive living donor kidney transplantation in patients with progressive CKD .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At the end of therapy , the ratios of hepatitis B early antigen ( HBeAg ) clearance and antibody to HBeAg ( anti-HBe ) seroconversion were 65 % and 47 % in group 1 and 60 % and 40 % in group 2 , respectively ( P > 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Provider time was calculated based on an online survey of intervention pharmacists and the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: These findings would appear to warrant further investigation into the potential value of the zinc citrate/bromochlorophene/triglyceride formulation at inhibiting both plaque and gingival inflammation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Assessment of the effectiveness and safety of high daily 125 microg ( 5,000 IU ) or 250 microg ( 10,000 IU ) doses of vitamin D ( 2 ) during 3 months , in rapidly obtaining adequate 25 hydroxyvitamin D ( 25OHD ) levels .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: A test of concussion knowledge was administered before , immediately after , and three months after exposure to the video .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Arbidol exhibited little accumulation with repeated administration .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Thirty-six patients ( 18 per group ) with lower limb cellulitis were randomised to receive either standard treatment ( intravenous or oral antibiotic therapy ) and bed rest or standard treatment combined with cycloidal vibration treatment three times per day , 30 minutes per treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In a prospective , randomized study , a total of 420 patients were randomized to either water immersion insertion and CO2 insufflation during withdrawal ( water/CO2 ) , water insertion and air insufflation during withdrawal ( water/air ) , CO2 insufflation during both insertion and withdrawal ( CO2/CO2 ) , or air insufflation during both insertion and withdrawal ( air/air ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Group B patients have a significantly greater survival ( 30 months ) compared to Group A patients ( 16.8 months ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The results of this study justify further investigation of SF-ELS .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Juvenile bipolar disorder ( JBD ) is a highly impairing chronic mental health condition that affects children and adolescents ' overall functioning .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Fifty-six patients ( 29 females , mean patient age 14.4 years , age range 5-37 ) initially received treatments C or T , followed by the alternative treatment after a mean interval of 37 ( + / - 21 ) weeks .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Baseline variables including demographic , clinical and biological characteristics , HIV reverse transcriptase and protease mutations , the randomization arm , the drugs prescribed , as well as adherence to treatment and plasma concentrations of PIs and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors ( NNRTIs ) at week 12 were tested in the model .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were significant improvements in plantar fascia thickness , fat pad thickness , and VAS .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To evaluate the effects of different root-canal sealers on the bond strength of a fiberglass post cemented with self-adhesive resin cements .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: DESIGN Randomized , controlled , observer-blinded , multicenter trial comparing mechlorethamine , 0.02 % , gel with mechlorethamine , 0.02 % , compounded ointment .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The difference between the 2 groups assessed by repeated measures analysis of variance was statistically significant ( p < 0.0001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients completing 8 weeks of treatment ( n = 443 of 664 enrollees ) were included .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We have demonstrated that normotensive , normoalbuminuric patients without anti-angiotensin II therapy do not have elevated albumin excretion following exercise intensities experienced by most patients with type 1 diabetes .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Preoperative oral treatment with amiodarone hydrochloride has been shown to be efficacious as prophylaxis .\n\nLabels: 0\n<Assistant>I understand. I'll keep this in mind.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-09 00:00]\n<User>Here are training examples for classification. Note the labels carefully:\n\nSample: Ten ( 14.28 % ) patients in the oral antibiotic group , 11 ( 15.71 % ) patients in the isotonic saline irrigation group , 6 ( 8.57 % ) patients in the topical antibiotic drops group , and 21 ( 30 % ) patients in the control group had postoperative purulent otorrhea .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Subsegment analysis was performed at every matched 1-mm subsegment throughout the stent .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In well motivated , highly allergic , but otherwise healthy adults , VIT is highly effective in prevention of M pilosula sting anaphylaxis .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Bond strength values were significantly higher ( p = 0.012 ) with the total-etching system than with the self-etching system .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator fingolimod ( FTY720 ) is known to elicit a negative chronotropic effect at treatment initiation that attenuates over time with continued dosing .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Post-hoc analysis of a prospective , randomized , controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Intervention programs designed to deal with unemployment should consider focusing on heavy/continuous and occasional cigarette smokers as risk factors for unemployment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: After alcohol rinse , 3 ( 10 % ) of 30 automated and 8 ( 27 % ) of 30 manually disinfected endoscopes remained contaminated ( P = 0.28 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Of the 29 patients who had failure of prophylaxis unrelated to drug toxicity , computed tomography of the chest showed infiltrates in 10 patients with 3/12 in voriconazole arm and 7/16 in AmB arm ( P = 0.43 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The expanded suffocation false alarm theory ( SFA ) hypothesizes that dysfunction in endogenous opioidergic regulation increases sensitivity to CO2 , separation distress and panic attacks .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: A logistic regression model had a sensitivity of 11.8 % and specificity of 99.1 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Overall , T-gel treatment was associated with a minor increase in PSA , of questionable clinical significance .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: However , a large proportion of patients did not achieve guideline-recommended targets .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Augmented concentrations of IL6 probably express a response to surgical procedure rather than an effect exclusively related to ECC .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: All underwent irradiation for 60 seconds at 7 points along the symptomatic forearm 3 times weekly for 4 weeks by a masked therapist .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients also completed questionnaires at baseline and at monthly intervals to evaluate appetite and drug toxicities .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In patients with large ulcers ( > 1 cm ) , the 40-mg regimen was associated with a significantly higher healing rate ( 78.9 % ) than both the 20-mg regimen ( 61.4 % ) and placebo ( 34.6 % ) at week 8 ( p < 0.05 vs omeprazole 20 mg ; p < 0.01 vs placebo ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Thirty-six patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy ( LV ejection fraction [ LVEF ] < 40 % ) who underwent successful revascularization procedure before 6 months were treated by standard conventional therapy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: University and research center .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A CH paste was injected into the canals using a special syringe .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Adverse events determined by the investigator to be associated with study drug resulted in patient withdrawal in 13 ( 13.3 % ) of 98 gabapentin-treated patients and 3 ( 6.7 % ) of 45 placebo-treated patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Thirty-two obstetric patients consented for sterilization were randomized to Pomeroy technique or Filshie clip placement .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The main barriers reported for not engaging in a new treatment cycle were low self-efficacy and lack of interest in quitting .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Negative thoughts and feelings about current weight might predict future weight gain .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: All of the reported events were rated as mild events .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Beams ( n = 54 ) were made of a tetragonal polycrystalline zirconium dioxide that was partially stabilized with an yttria core and a feldspathic dental porcelain .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The present study was designed to confirm the antibacterial effect of PBV and access the efficacy of cosmetics containing PBV in subjects with acne vulgaris .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: ITT model results were similar to completers at 6 months and remained significant at 12 months , but the weight losses were more modest ( < 3 kg ) for both groups receiving orlistat .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The haemofilter transmembrane pressure ( TMP ) and lifespan , as well as the platelet count were observed 1 h before , and at 6 , 12 , 18 , 24 and 36 h from the beginning of CVVH .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The total body clearance for cisplatin was 1.25 L / ( hxm2 ) for the liposomal formulation , compared to 0.62 L / ( hxm2 ) for conventional cisplatin .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The potential clinical significance of this finding should be further evaluated .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To find the most cost and time effective way of increasing uptake by re-invitation of non-attenders after an initial invitation .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: These results show that normal sagittal alignment after single-level lumbar fusion can be achieved with rectangular and 4 degrees wedged cages .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Stage III colon cancer patients were enrolled and were divided into two groups : Group W , in which the histologic type of both primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes was well-differentiated adenocarcinoma ; and Group U , in which the primary tumors and the metastatic lymph nodes were of any type other than well-differentiated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At discharge , both groups have preserved platelet function and increased thrombin formation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: OM3-FFA was well tolerated and lowered non-HDL-C and TG levels at both 2 - and 4-g/d dosages in patients with persistent hypertriglyceridemia taking a statin , with the 4-g/d dosage providing incremental improvements compared with 2 g/d .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>Thanks for letting me know. I'll keep track of this.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-10 00:00]\n<User>I want you to learn from these classified examples:\n\nSample: There was not statistically significant difference in either the incidence of blood cultures positive for organisms or in the nature of organisms identified between the chlorhexidine and placebo groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Because HIV risk behaviors differ by sex , scores were calculated separately for each sex .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In this study , the frequency of total and subclinical HSV-2 shedding was greater than reported in earlier studies involving subjects with a history of symptomatic genital recurrences .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This prevents clinicians from anticipating the evolution of the neuromuscular block for any given patient .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Among 87 subjects , 20 ( 23.8 % ) produced methane .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Acidulated thiourea is an effective scavenger of residual hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals generated during the intra-coronal bleaching of bloodstained root-filled teeth .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Valsartan use is associated with similar clinical and molecular cardiac effects as ACE inhibitor therapy in stable long-term cardiac transplant recipients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Therefore , AS + SMP could be an alternative to currently recommended first-line ACT with continuous resistance surveillance .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The median absolute bioavailability was 53.0 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia ( IVPCA ) and patient-controlled epidural analgesia ( PCEA ) were studied in terms of analgesic efficacy , respiratory function and side effects after thoracic surgery for 24h .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: There were no differences in the median times to discharge , median times to crisis resolution or the median total opioid use .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No significant relapse was observed in the immediate-intervention arm for DQ , PA , and BMI ; however , rates of functional decline increased when the intervention ceased .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To investigate whether pulsed high-dose dexamethasone is more efficacious than intravenous immunoglobulin ( IVIg ) as treatment of symptomatic chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura ( ITP ) in childhood .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: If the drug had to be withdrawn because of side effects treatment was continued with the other drug in still active disease .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Sixty patients with posterior mandibular edentulism with 7-8 mm bone height above the mandibular canal were randomized to either vertical augmentation with anorganic bovine bone blocks and delayed 5-month placement of 10 mm implants or to receive 7-mm-long implants .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Seventy healthy females were recruited and randomized to a general anesthesia or neuraxial technique as their primary anesthetic regimen .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to compare 2 self-help-based interventions ; a coping-oriented approach , applied relaxation ( AR ) and an acceptance-oriented approach , acceptance and commitment therapy ( ACT ) , for persons with chronic pain .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Creatine kinase and hepatic function enzyme levels during the whole study period were not significantly different between the pravastatin group and control group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The demographic characteristics and causes and severity of injury were similar in the hypothermia and normothermia groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: During the study period , serum phosphate was similar in diabetic and non-diabetic patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The ongoing scale-up of antiretroviral therapy ( ART ) in sub-Saharan Africa has prompted the interest in surveillance of transmitted and acquired HIV drug resistance .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The statistical significance level was set at P < 0.05 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: More patients given EN than patients given PN still had severe sepsis when they died ( 38.9 % vs 9.5 % , p = 0.055 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Digital plaque image analysis ( DPIA ) was used on three consecutive days to evaluate : ( a ) overnight plaque formation ( A.M. pre-brushing ) ; ( b ) following 40 seconds of brushing with the test product ( A.M. post-brushing ) ; and ( c ) mid-afternoon ( P.M. ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No improvements were found in the movement or cognitive tests compared with placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Dentin moisture seems not to be important for the retention of etch-and-rinse adhesives as long as the adhesives have been rubbed vigorously onto the dentin surface .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Two hundred ninety-four oocytes from 24 IVF cycles ( 21 patients ) were included in the study ( 145 coculture and 149 control ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We administered placebo or fenofibrate 200 mg daily for 8 weeks to 46 patients with primary hypertriglyceridemia ( 24 had metabolic syndrome ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Statistically significant differences between the 2 techniques were found with respect to the outcome measures of household chores and outdoor work .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Compared with lactulose , the sum of symptoms was significantly lower for Bulgofilus ( P = 0.05 ) , and bloating was less severe for Ofilus ( P = 0.06 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Perfect. I've stored this information in my memory."]
[{"question": "Sentence: A panel of cytokines , including interleukin 4 ( IL-4 ) , IL-5 , and IL-6 , was measured by immunoassay on fluids recovered from nasal lavage .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This difference was statistically significant at 12 months and neared significance at 6 months ( using logistic regression with the initial score as a covariate ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: 50 patients on long-term oral anticoagulant treatment were included in a randomised controlled crossover study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: There is no evidence that ICD benefit varied with time from MI to implantation/randomization in this primary prevention population .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Length followed a similar pattern .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: We attempted to eradicate H.pylori in 180 Japanese patients who had never failed in eradication of H.pylori with the triple proton pump inhibitor/amoxicillin/clarithromycin therapy ( 1st line ) and the triple proton pump inhibitor/amoxicillin/metronidazole therapy ( 2nd line ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Only a limited subcollective of locally advanced NSCLC meets the biological requirements for anti-HER2 / neu therapy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: In this prospective , multicenter , double-blind study patients were randomized 1:1 to ketorolac loaded or control stents after ureteroscopy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: We used polytomous logistic regression to calculate odds ratios ( OR ) comparing transplantation history among cases with various hematologic malignancy subtypes and controls , adjusting for the matching factors and race .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The morphine regimen was individually adjusted to a maximal oral dose of 80 to 90 mg/day , to maintain the VAS score less than 4/10 cm .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Systemic beta 2 responses including finger tremor , heart rate , and plasma potassium levels were also evaluated .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Lot 1 of SSS , formulated with HSA ( 84 % of total protein ) and human globulins ( 16 % of total protein ) and an aqueous lipoprotein fraction derived from human plasma ( Excyte IV ; Miles Diagnostics , Kankakee , Illinois ) , produced accelerated early embryonic growth relative to control murine embryos grown in the presence of Plasmatein , however , the percentage of the embryos reaching the hatched blastocyst stage was decreased ( 45 vs 100 % ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: No significant differences were seen for MAP , PAP , PCWP , SVRI , PVRI , AaDO ( 2 ) and ( Q ( s ) / Q ( T ) ) between the two groups at any time .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: To study the role of NEFA in the prompt normalisation of beta cell glucose sensitivity , insulin secretion and beta cell glucose and lipid metabolism were investigated by a model of nutrient-stimulated insulin secretion using a multiple-meal test .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: TFR was scored as present/absent at seven anatomical sites at baseline and every 6 months thereafter .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Up to 11 home and telephone contacts over 16 weeks by health professionals who identified potential triggers of patient behaviors , including communication and environmental factors and patient undiagnosed medical conditions ( by obtaining blood and urine samples ) and trained caregivers in strategies to modify triggers and reduce their upset .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Heart rate and systolic blood pressure at rest increased with GH substitution to the level of the controls , as did diastolic blood pressure after an initial reduction .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: We studied 12 subjects with type 2 diabetes ( average age 58.6 + / - 30.8 years , HbA ( 1c ) 7.9 + / - 00.4 % , BMI 31.3 + / - 1.2 kg/m ( 2 ) ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Nasal ECP , by the method of direct incubation on nasal mucosa , and serum ECP were determined before and after 3 weeks of treatment with flunisolide nasal spray 50 micrograms twice/daily ( 13 cases , Group 1 ) , disodium cromoglycate ( DSCG ) 10.4 mg three times/day ( 15 cases , Group 2 ) and placebo ( 10 cases , Group 3 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This study aimed to determine the effect of a program of community pharmacist intervention on the process of cholesterol risk management in patients at high risk for cardiovascular events .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Sixty-five subjects with dry eye were recruited and supplied with eyedrops containing either Carbomer or SH to use for a month .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Forced expiratory volume in one second ( FEV1 ) was measured before and after each aerosol application .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The highly correlated alleles HLA-DRB1 * 07:01 and HLA-DQA1 * 02:01 ( study frequency , 22.4 % ) were associated with ALT elevation ( odds ratio , 14 ) between cases ( n = 37 ) and controls ( n = 1,071 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Microbiological assessment showed that 90.5 % in the econazole group and 96 % in the clotrimazole group became culture negative at two weeks after treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The average period before recurrence after EDL treatment was 6.5 months .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: To determine the effects of 28 weeks of memantine treatment for patients with AD on resource utilisation and costs .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: To ascertain the baseline characteristics of the high-risk hypertensive patients entering the International Nifedipine GITS Study : Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension Treatment ( INSIGHT ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: We found that the inter-rater reliability was good for the FOUR score , the GLS/GCS .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In all 90 patients , IR of SLN was 93.3 % , FNR , 25.6 % , NPV , 74.4 % , and accuracy rate , 88.1 percent .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients with cystic fibrosis ( CF ) have significantly decreased plasma concentrations of nutrient antioxidant vitamins , especially of beta-carotene , which is thought to result from fat malabsorption and chronic pulmonary inflammation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: CRP correlated with ICTP ( r = 0.217 , p = 0.001 ) , but not with vitamin D status .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Resistance training sessions were documented for 137 participants .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients were recruited from a group enrolled in a randomized trial comparing two durations of treatment for CAP .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: DDTC did not compromise response rates in either tumor type .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The credibility assessment was comparable for both treatments .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The results of the in vitro bioassay confirmed this pharmacokinetic analysis .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was no reduction in reflux according to pH measurement .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Tolerance appeared satisfactory in both groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Double-blind , placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Seventy-six GPs studied 1014 previously well adults presenting with an illness defined as an LRTi .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A multiparticulate capsule formulation of the alpha2-adrenergic agonist tizanidine has been developed to decrease C ( max ) , AUC , and associated somnolence , while maintaining efficacy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Follow-up visits were at 1 week , 2 weeks , and 4 weeks , postoperatively .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Measure of Outcome : Vitamin C , retinol , alpha-tocopherol , zeaxanthin/lutein , beta-cryptoxanthin , lycopene , alpha - and beta-carotene , zinc and selenium were measured in serum , initially and after supplementation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: One hundred and forty-five consecutive patients with stress and/or urge incontinence .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: At 12 months , children were classified as significantly improved ( reduction in soiling , P < 0.001 ) or cured ( < one fecal accident in 2 weeks ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Injections of botulinum toxin A are an effective treatment for sialorrhea in Parkinson 's disease ( PD ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Trauma TIPS consisted of psychoeducation , in vivo exposure , and stress management techniques .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , at the higher concentration a significantly greater reduction of minute ventilation ( P < 0.01 ) was observed for isoflurane ( -25.6 % ) than for halothane ( -9.4 % ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The data were analysed using ROC curve analysis .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A predefined subgroup analysis examined the tolerability of oral ibandronate in women aged < 70 and > or = 70 years .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: We performed a prospective randomized open clinical trial at 2 long-term care facilities .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Results were reported as risk ratios with associated 95 % CI and two-tailed probability values .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Mixed effects models were used to compare outcomes between groups at 3 and 6 months and 1 year after enrollment adjusted for baseline severity and patient characteristics .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: It was suggested that the presence of autoantibodies was not a contraindication to the use of interferon in patients with chronic viral hepatitis ; the clinical significance of anti-interferon antibody should be further studied .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: At study entry , the mean area occupied by drusen in the treatment group was not significantly ( p > 0.5-0 .7 ) different from that of the control group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients ' overall treatment efficacy assessments showed significantly greater symptom control with aqueous budesonide ( P < or = .006 ) , and overall quality of life improved .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In the combined treatment trial , all subjects received lifestyle modification and OC and were randomized to metformin or placebo .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) is the most common opportunistic infection in lung transplantation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Compared with the placebo group , higher proportions of patients in the infliximab group improved employment status from unemployed at baseline to employed at Week 14 ( 11.5 % vs 0 % ; p = 0.084 ) and from part-time to full-time employment ( 30.0 % vs 10.0 % ; p = 0.582 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Two critical care units ( medical and surgical ) in a large , metropolitan academic health center in Manhattan .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Forty-eight mature colic horses were enrolled in this prospective , randomised clinical trial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: In the outpatient study , there was a significant correlation between alternate and repetitive tapping with finger tapping ( R2 = 0.28 and 0.23 , respectively ) and Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale motor score ( R2 = 0.09 and 0.08 ) , but only alternate tapping correlated with gait ( R2 = 0.16 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Urinary glycolate ( a metabolic precursor of Ox ) always remained below the upper limit of the normal range and did not change between different diets , indicating that changes in UOX x V reflect respective variations in intestinal absorption of Ox .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Seventeen patients ( 10 males , aged 46-85 years ) were enroled in the study : 11 completed the protocol .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: High-intensity aerobic interval exercise ( HIA ) participants significantly improved their physical fitness .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The primary objectives of this randomized controlled trial are to compare the effects of a proactive tobacco treatment intervention compared to usual care on population-level smoking abstinence rates and tobacco treatment utilization rates among a diverse population of low-income smokers , and to determine the cost-effectiveness of proactive tobacco treatment intervention .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Primary endpoints were the Severe Impairment Battery ( SIB ) and Clinician 's Interview-Based Impression of Change-Plus caregiver input ( CIBIC-Plus ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: We assessed the safety and efficacy of boceprevir ( BOC ) plus peginterferon-ribavirin ( PR ) in patients with HCV-G1 infection and advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis ( Metavir F3/F4 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The expected primary endpoint rates are 20 % for BMS and 10 % for DES .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Only 78 patients were evaluable .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Metronidazole resistance , common in Iran , is claimed to be a major reason for the failure of metronidazole-containing regimens .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Intraoperative to 12-month postoperative comparison of IOL axis alignment showed low levels of rotation ( 0.22.41 ; range : +4 to -5 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Results of the PCR assay were compared with those obtained by conventional culture techniques .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Both regimens achieved higher pCR rates in HR ( - ) than HR ( + ) breast cancer , and there was a trend toward higher pCR in HR ( - ) tumors with FEC-PH compared with FEC-DH .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Main outcome measure was pain .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Oral or buccal phentolamine has been shown to produce full erections in impotent subsets of study populations .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Pain scores during 1 , 2 and 4 h postoperatively were lower in all study groups than the GP .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) who smoke have a greater annual rate of decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 s ( FEV ( 1 ) ) than those patients who have stopped smoking .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Overall , changes in VDT and NTSS-6 total scores did not differ among treatment groups at end point .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Five genotype 1-infected patients had an HCV load of > 1000 IU/mL at the end of 4-week treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: One hundred and seventeen women ( 7 % ) became pregnant and 7 ( 6 % ) of these had a seroincident HSV-2 infection during the study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Individuals with spinal cord injury ( SCI ) often have involuntary , reflex-evoked muscle activity resulting in spasticity .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Underimmunized children were marginally more likely to use CAM but not more likely to have received potentially unsafe or disproven CAM .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The results of this study suggest that biphasic truncated transthoracic shocks of low energy ( 115 and 130 J ) are as effective as 200-J damped sine wave shocks used in standard transthoracic defibrillators .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Adverse cosmesis at 3 years was increased among those treated with APBI compared with WBI as assessed by trained nurses ( 29 % v 17 % ; P < .001 ) , by patients ( 26 % v 18 % ; P = .0022 ) , and by physicians reviewing digital photographs ( 35 % v 17 % ; P < .001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Confirmation calls reduced the percentage of broken appointments in a pediatric dental clinic .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients were advised to follow a moderately low salt diet ( Low-salt group ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: N-terminal pro-brain natriuetic peptide ( BNP ) levels , left ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF ) , and exercise capacity were analysed 3 days , 3 months , and 18 months after the implantation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: We collected 6 waves of longitudinal data on program participants aged 14 to 17 years ( n = 1139 ) in Providence , Rhode Island ; Syracuse , New York ; Columbia , South Carolina ; and Macon , Georgia , 36 months ( December 2009-December 2010 ) after the intervention began ( August 2006-January 2008 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Tolerability can be increased by use of flexible dosing and efficacy is likely to be enhanced by increasing the length of the trial from six to 12 months and by enriching the sample with subjects more likely to decline during the trial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: PR-prolongation was significantly greater after verapamil i.v. in the morning than in the evening .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Randomized double-masked single-center clinical trial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The study design was cluster randomized controlled trial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , the choice of the right surgical procedure still is controversial in China .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Nonblinded randomized controlled trial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Each clinic will represent a cluster unit .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Nevertheless , clinically and statistically significant improvements in quality were obtained in five of the seven remaining guidelines , with effects peaking after feedback of performance results .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Both the groups had 54 eyes each .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Two-year cumulative reulceration incidence across the 3 groups was low : 15 % in the cork-insert group , 14 % in the prefabricated-insert group , and 17 % in controls .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Tooth sensitivity was recorded on two scales : visual analogue and five-point verbal rating scale up to 48 hours after bleaching .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}]