["[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-01 00:00]\n<User>The following are classification examples with their corresponding labels:\n\nSample: Both routes ameliorate significantly the symptoms after 1 year of treatment ( p < 0.0001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Mean blood glucose levels were significantly higher at 0.00 and 3.00 a.m. during LP therapy ( p < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We hypothesized that continuous chest compression cardiopulmonary resuscitation education would lead to greater trainee confidence and would encourage wider dissemination of cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills compared to standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation training ( 30 compressions : two breaths ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The primary outcome was delivery or intrauterine death before 34 weeks ' gestation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In patients with CAD , low grade systemic inflammation is associated with increased in vivo oxidative stress leading to impaired systemic bioavailability of NO , which might significantly contribute to the transition from stable coronary artery disease to acute coronary syndromes .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Prokinetic medications could have a role in preventing or relieving dyspeptic symptoms among HD patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients with functional dyspepsia ( FD ) have more complaints than just the dyspepsia .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: In a randomised double-blind study , 24 unpremedicated female patients received an induction dose of propofol of 2.5 mg kg-1 over 60 s which was followed by standardized balanced anaesthesia .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Couplets and/or NSVT ( ventricular repetitive beats ) were even more predictive for sudden death ( RR , 10.1 ; 95 % CI , 1.91 to 52.7 ; P < .01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were followed up for at least one year .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In patients with intracerebral hemorrhage , intensive lowering of blood pressure did not result in a significant reduction in the rate of the primary outcome of death or severe disability .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Eradication was concluded if all three tests were negative for H. pylori .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patient-level data from 5 studies of cardiac interventions were used .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Most randomised trials of asthma self-management have recruited participants from secondary care ; there is uncertainty regarding its effectiveness in primary care .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Combined and individual symptom scores and sense of smell improved significantly in all budesonide-treated groups ; the effect on symptoms became apparent within 1 to 2 days of the first dose .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At 2 months , 53 ( 8 % ) of 637 patients still reported pain .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In our opinion , supra/infraglottic airway devices to maintain patent airway during PCT should be chosen according to patient 's status and physician 's experience .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There were no differences in cecal intubation rates ( 100 % vs 99 % ) , insertion distance-to-cecum ( 82 cm vs 83 cm ) , time-to-cecum ( 6.5 min vs 7.2 min ) , or polyp detection rate ( 47 % vs 52 % ) between the MIC and CC groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Bet v 1 homolog and profilin are important allergens in pollen-related kiwifruit allergy , whereas actinidin is important in monoallergy to kiwifruit , in which symptoms are often more severe .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This randomised double-blind trial included 9270 patients with chronic kidney disease ( 3023 on dialysis and 6247 not ) with no known history of myocardial infarction or coronary revascularisation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A sufficiently high extent of absorption was found for the test formulations ensuring therapeutic efficacy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Oral hygiene was assessed by simplified oral hygiene index ( OHIS ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Seventy-two of the 80 patients ( 37 patients in the bone-patellar tendon-bone group and 35 in the bone-hamstring-bone group ) were evaluated , with a mean follow-up period of 87.0 and 80.8 months , respectively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Prehypertensive adults ( n = 21 ) participated in a randomized crossover design .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Post-lunch analyses indicated similar glucose responses for the two breakfast types .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were randomized into 2 groups , the test group and the control group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The investigators found no significant differences between the wayfinding performance or postintervention confidence levels of subjects .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: WLC improved all POMS-BI scores except anxiety , increased internal LoC , and reduced problematic behaviors .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twenty-seven patients included in a randomized clinical trial ( ANRS [ National Agency for AIDS Research ] Protocol 104 ) participated in this study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: During the glucagon infusion period , free plasma insulin levels in the diabetic subjects were 71.7 + / -1.6 vs. 74.8 + / -0.5 pmol/l after lispro and regular insulin treatment , with plasma glucagon levels of 88.3 + / -1.8 and 83.7 + / -1.5 ng/l for insulin : glucagon ratios of 2.8 and 3.0 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The QRS score ( 2.68 + / - 0.41 ) and infarcted area ( 22.54 + / - 2.49 ) % in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group ( 3.96 + / - 0.34 and 29.38 + / - 2.59 ) respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were no significant differences in bifidobacterial species composition of the gut between the study groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of rapid food intake on GER in healthy volunteers using combined multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH ( MII-pH ) testing to record both acid and nonacid reflux .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The subjects were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Logistic regression was conducted using the variables age , race , family history of prostate cancer , PSA , PSA velocity , and DRE adjusting for history of prior prostate biopsy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: People aged 40-49 with 5 year risks of major vascular events of 42 % and 12 % at start of treatment gained 2.49 and 1.67 life years , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The combination of EMD with root-coverage procedures has been shown to promote periodontal regeneration on the exposed root surface .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Randomized , single-blind study .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Thanks for the information. I've saved it.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-02 00:00]\n<User>Here are categorized examples with their respective labels:\n\nSample: Prospective , multicenter , open-label , randomized crossover study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This study was designed to determine the incidence of thoracic bone infarction in patients with sickle cell diseases who were hospitalized with acute chest or back pain above the diaphragm and to test the hypothesis that incentive spirometry can decrease the incidence of atelectasis and pulmonary infiltrates .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Sixty-six women were randomly assinged ( 33 in each study group ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: One patient in the sibutramine group was excluded during the study period because of hypertension ; thus , a total of 29 data sets were analyzed for this group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Group differences in score changes were not affected by gender or interactions between gender and food preparation/cooking experience with family .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: One hundred and ten patients were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or 15 mg/day tolvaptan for 7 consecutive days .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The EMG power spectra were divided into four frequency bands ( 20-50 Hz ; 50-80 Hz ; 80-110 Hz ; 110-140 Hz ) and changes in power in each band with fatigue were compared with changes in median frequency .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Crowns of 20 sound human teeth were halved and a 3 x 3 mm acid-resistant varnish uncovered window left for : A ) no treatment ; B ) fluoride ( Elmex gel ) ; C ) diode ( fluoride + diode laser ) ; D ) diode ( diode laser + fluoride ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We further demonstrate that the use of aprotinin leads to significant attenuation of the immune response , with several inhibitory effects restricted to the use of aprotinin only .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Each patient received two injections at 0 and 1 month .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Diabetic patients undergoing coronary interventional procedures are at increased risk of restenosis and adverse clinical events .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: In conclusion , EA and hydrotherapy , both in combination with patient education , induce long-lasting effects , shown by reduced pain and ache and by increased functional activity and quality of life , as demonstrated by differences in the pre - and post-treatment assessments .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The incidence of pancreatitis ( 10 % vs. 2.5 % , p < 0.05 ) was higher in the placebo group than in the somatostatin-treated group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In two groups of patients with adult onset GH deficiency we have studied BMD either ( a ) after 3 years of continuous GH replacement or ( b ) 2 years after completion of a short course of GH .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: This study provides further support for the broad benefits of aerobic physical exercise in CKD .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Moderate alcohol intake within the range of 5 to 15 g/day was significantly associated with lower risk of incident depression ( hazard ratio ( HR ) and 95 % confidence interval ( 95 % CI ) = 0.72 ( 0.53 to 0.98 ) versus abstainers ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We performed a secondary analysis comparing motor vehicle crash-injured patients and non-motor vehicle crash-injured patients in the study sample .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The mean numbers of retrieved oocytes ( 10.9 5.7 vs. 10.2 5.6 ) and obtained embryos ( 5.5 3.7 vs. 4.8 3.7 ) were not significantly different between women allocated to estrogen pretreatment ( n = 238 ) and no pretreatment ( n = 234 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: NCT00113568 and NCT00386308 ( ClinicalTrials.gov ID ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: CL ( miosis ) was significantly correlated with plasma clearances of alfentanil ( r = 0.77 , P < .001 ) and midazolam ( r = 0.80 ; P < .001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twelve Asian patients with acne were irradiated using a fractional 1,540-nm erbium glass laser on a random half of the face twice with a 4-week interval .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Repeated-measures analysis of covariance showed that level of baseline DBP ( p < 0.0001 ) , time of follow-up ( p < 0.0001 ) , and propranolol use ( p < 0.0001 ) were significantly associated with a decrease in DBP at 12 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Mean prostate volume and mean residual urine were comparable between both groups ( p value = 0.74 and 0.42 , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Thus , infant GM scores increased sharply with increasing maternal Hb concentration until 90 g/L where increasing GM was mild , and began to decline after 110 g/L .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Long-term projections demonstrated that exenatide was associated with a lower cumulative incidence of most cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) complications and CVD-related death than insulin glargine .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Participants allocated to the Control First group did the opposite : they did not stand for 10 weeks and then stood for 6 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Cows were milked 3 times daily , and at each milking , lesions were washed with a pressure hose and treatment solutions were sprayed on the lesions .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: P < 0.05 was considered to indicate significance .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Got it. I will remember them.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-03 00:00]\n<User>Here are some examples with classification labels to remember:\n\nSample: Ischaemic symptoms and ECG findings during exercise test disappeared completely in 5 ( 26 % ) patients in the statin group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were categorized as having either `` low risk '' or `` high risk '' treatment volumes based on whether the surgical margin was 5 mm or less , presence of extra capsular nodal extension , and/or carcinoma in situ at the surgical margins .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Improvements of the indices after 4 and 8 weeks were calculated as medians .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The second group received the diets in the opposite order .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The intra-CC with the 95 % CI and RC for the BPD , AC , HC and FL were as follows : 0.996 ( 0.995 , 0.997 ) , alpha 0.998 ; 0.994 ( 0.992 , 0.996 ) , alpha 0.997 ; 0.996 ( 0.994 , 0.997 ) , alpha 0.998 ; and 0.994 ( 0.992 , 0.996 ) , alpha 0.997 , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Forty patients were enrolled and randomized 1:1 into one of 2 groups : the propofol group ( received propofol and alfentanil supplemented with saline ) and the ketamine group ( received propofol and alfentanil with ketamine ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In this randomised , double masked , parallel study , 36 non-exudative AMD patients were randomised in a 2 to 1 fashion to placebo versus topical dorzolamide and underwent assessment of their choroidal and retinal circulation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Holding the cane contralateral to the prosthetic hip appears to be an effective method of reducing demands on the HA muscles .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Agreement on management recommendations between the LBCO/DBCO pair were also lower than for the LBCO/RBCO pair .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Clinical trial and case series .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Outpatient clinic of Uganda 's national referral hospital in Kampala .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Our purpose was to identify differences in knee preference and clinical outcome measures in a series of patients who had undergone bilateral total knee arthroplasty with each knee randomized to one of two different surgical approaches : patellar eversion and anterior tibial translation , or patellar subluxation and no tibial translation .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Excluding these patients , intraocular pressure ( IOP ) averaged 9.0 + / - 4.9 mmHg in the MMC-treated eyes versus 16.3 + / - 4.6 mmHg in the 5-FU-treated eyes at the patient 's last visit ( P = 0.0003 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Forty patients with PD were randomly divided in two groups wearing an active or inactive device .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: However , the latter difference was not statistically significant .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To determine the safety and efficacy of recombinant human growth hormone ( rhGH ) in the treatment of children who are severely burned .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The decrease of the Hamilton depression ( HAMD ) score ( 24 items ) showed non-inferiority of trimipramine compared to amitriptyline/haloperidol .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: They received , twice daily , lansoprazole 30 mg , amoxicillin 1 g and clarithromycin 500 mg for 1 week , followed by lansoprazole 30 mg daily for 4 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Discrepancies in reported HLA class II associations with rheumatic heart disease ( RHD ) may have been due to inaccuracies of serological typing reagents and/or lack of defined clinical classification of patients analyzed .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The clinical and bacteriologic efficacy of telithromycin 800 mg once daily for 5 days was equivalent to that of moxifloxacin 400 mg once daily for 10 days , establishing telithromycin as an important treatment option for ABRS .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients within each group were then randomly divided to receive no treatment ( control ) or spa adjuvant therapy ( treatment ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: But at follow-up , sleep measures were predicted to return to baseline levels .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: All treatments were effective in reducing dentinal hypersensitivity significantly , Group D and Group B were more effective than Group A and Group C at all time intervals .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Progression of CAC volume scores could be analyzed in 366 patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study points to the value of confidence as an important predictor of successful change for both drinking and smoking , and shows the value of importance in predicting successful changes in alcohol use .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: ALD was measured at aortic root and coronary sinus .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Serum retinol levels of pregnant mothers in their third trimester ( 35-37 weeks ) and cord blood levels after delivery were estimated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Pulmonary function was assessed based on FEV ( 1 ) expressed as the normal percent predicted ( FEV ( 1 ) % pred ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Measurements took place at pre-test , post-test and follow-up .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Central corneal thickness ( CT ) and P ( dc ) were measured in 42 subjects with an optical pachometer and automated scanning fluorophotometer , respectively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The combination of the MET inhibitor tivantinib and erlotinib is well-tolerated .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Dogs , randomly assigned to 2 groups , received the same base diet throughout the study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Anaesthesia was maintained using sevoflurane ( 0.5 % ) in 66 % nitrous oxide until 3 min after intubation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These data provide a mechanism for the hypertriglyceridemic effect of CHO-enriched diets in patients with NIDDM and demonstrate that multiple risk factors for coronary heart disease are accentuated when these individuals consume diets recommended to reduce this risk .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The effect was less substantial for group 1 patients and was most dramatic for group 3 patients , who had undergone all 3 aging face surgical procedures .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To determine the effects of different haemoglobin ( Hb ) levels on exercise performance and associated electrolyte changes , a prospective , randomized , double-blinded crossover study was completed in 14 haemodialysis patients .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: There were also no differences between the conditions in treatment retention ( 44 % -46 % for the full 8 weeks ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The association between family history and risk was stronger for colon cancer than for rectal cancer .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 618 patients were in the per-protocol population .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A total of 797 students completed the trial and had valid accelerometer data .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Despite the use of thoracic epidural analgesia , a constant severe ache occurs in the ipsilateral shoulder of almost 75 % of patients after thoracotomy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In research on female sexual functioning , vaginal pulse amplitude ( VPA ) , as measured using vaginal photoplethysmography , has been used extensively as a measure of vaginal vasocongestion .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Angiography confirmed retrograde flow in seven of the nine arteries found by transthoracic echocardiography .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Our data show that both acupunctures at classical points and nondefined points improved the symptoms of patients with FD .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: CISB patients received 20 mL of 0.5 % ropivacaine as a bolus through a catheter , whereas SISB patients received the same injection volume through a needle .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This trial demonstrates that , among patients facing a real treatment decision , interventions to inform patients about hypertension and to clarify patients ' values concerning outcomes of treatment are effective in reducing decisional conflict and increasing patient knowledge , while not resulting in any increases in state anxiety .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Complete blood count , urinalysis , liver and renal function , prothrombin time and activity , were tested in the two groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Response rates to questionnaires were 73.7 % ( 123/167 ) at 2 months , 65.9 ( 110/167 ) at 4 months , and 62.3 % ( 104/167 ) at 6 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twice as many women ( 28 % ) who received nifedipine tablets required a second dose to achieve successful treatment ( P = .05 ) , but fewer women had hypotensive episodes ( P = .001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Rabeprazole ( 10 mg/day ) has excellent therapeutic effect on the symptoms of duodenal ulcer patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Children were randomized to induction and maintenance of anesthesia with sevoflurane or halothane .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Great! I've added this to my knowledge base.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-04 00:00]\n<User>Study these classification examples and pay attention to the categories:\n\nSample: Autonomic modulation is adversely impacted in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: A549 cells were seeded into 96 wells at the concentration of 10 x 10 ( 4 ) cells/well and exposed to different agents .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The treatment was given once a day , 3 treatments made one session and the efficacy was analyzed statistically after 1 session treatment in the three groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This Phase I , open-label , three-period , cross-over pharmacokinetic study enrolled healthy males and females who , following consent and screening procedures , were randomized to receive SJW on days 1-14 , SJW plus boceprevir ( SJW on days 22-35 and together on days 31-35 ) and boceprevir on days 52-56 , separated by 7 day washout periods , or the same treatment in the opposite order .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: CGM-measured hypoglycemia over a 24-h span is highly associated with SH the following day ( P < 0.001 ) , but the PPV is low .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators ( ICDs ) are widely used to prevent fatal outcomes associated with life-threatening arrhythmic episodes in a variety of cardiac diseases .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Rapid virological response and end of treatment response rates were 87.9 % ( 51/58 ) and 96.6 % ( 56/58 ) in the control group and 75.9 % ( 44/58 ) and 98.3 % ( 57/58 ) in the fluvastatin group , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The baseline characteristics of the two treatment groups were similar .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 21 patients with schizophrenia and 21 healthy controls were tested with a roving frequency paradigm to generate MMN .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Married , nulliparous women were randomly assigned to receive daily iron and folic acid ( IFA ; 60 mg ferrous fumarate and 400 microg folic acid ) ( n = 134 ) or folic acid ( FA ; 400 microg ) ( n = 138 ) in the form of a powdered supplement added to food .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: More superior corneal staining was noted with narafilcon A lenses compared with senofilcon A ( P < 0.01 ) , and more superior conjunctival indentation was noted for narafilcon A compared with etafilcon A ( P = 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To compare by means of a push-out test the interfacial strength of a dual-curing resin cement and a light-curing self-adhering resin composite when used in translucent fibre post cementation .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: They were chronologically alternating and thus randomly stratified into three groups : ( a ) continuous i.v.-tocolysis and oral application of magnesium sulfate ( b ) continuous i.v-tocolysis and i.v.-application of magnesium sulfate ( c ) pulsatile i.v.-application of fenoterol ( bolus tocolysis ) and oral application of magnesium sulfate .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Clinicaltrials.gov No , NCT01225237 .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: TA could be detected only in 2.6 % , NOSA in up to 29.9 % ( 47.4 % females vs. 24.2 % males ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Serious adverse events were typically related to the implant procedure or the implanted device , and 11 of 16 resolved without sequelae .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The aim of the present study was to compare the relative effectiveness of group and individual formats of a family-focused cognitive-behavioural intervention , for the treatment of childhood anxiety disorders .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Cisplatin/epinephrine injectable gel reduces tumor burden , ameliorates tumor symptoms , and provides a new therapeutic option for treating patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Exemestane and tamoxifen had opposite effects on TRG levels : exemestane lowered while tamoxifen increased TRG levels over time .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: All participants received calcium and vitamin D supplements .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After adjusting for baseline bleeding and mortality risk , ongoing DAPT was the strongest predictor of nuisance bleeding ( rate ratio [ RR ] : 1.44 , 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] : 1.17 to 1.76 at 1 month ; RR : 1.89 , 95 % CI : 1.35 to 2.65 at 6 months ; and RR : 1.39 , 95 % CI : 1.08 to 1.79 at 12 months ; p < 0.01 for all comparisons ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This double-blind , randomized placebo-controlled trial comprised 212 subjects ( ages 35-70 y , fasting plasma glucose 105-125 mg/dL or hemoglobin ( Hb ) A1c 6.1 % -7.1 % ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The trial was terminated at phase II after 86 patients had been randomised .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were divided into four strata : ileo - or colocolonic anastomosis , supraperitoneal ileo - or colorectal anastomosis , infraperitoneal ileo - or colorectal anastomosis , and ileo - or coloanal anastomosis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the subset of patients studied , NTG conferred no advantage over placebo in pain control ( visual analogue scale at rest or during movement ) and in satisfaction scores .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Prospective , randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Academic medical center .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: CKD ( creatinine clearance < 60 ml/min ) was present in 2,469 ( 19.1 % ) of 12,939 randomized patients with baseline creatinine clearance data .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>I've captured all of this valuable information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-05 00:00]\n<User>The following are classification training examples with labels:\n\nSample: For incontinence and urgency episodes/24 h the solifenacin dose groups showed numerically superior changes vs placebo ; the mean effects with tolterodine were generally smaller than with solifenacin .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: With 8 years median follow-up , OS was similar between treatment groups ( hazard ratio [ HR ] , 0.88 ; 95 % CI , 0.75 to 1.02 ; P = .08 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The study was conducted from a US societal perspective .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Higher baseline and follow-up RHR were associated with increased adverse outcome risks , with a linear relationship for baseline RHR and J-shaped relationship for follow-up RHR .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: HIF-1alpha expression was also associated with a significantly shorter DFS ( P < 0.02 ) in all patients and in ER-positive but not in ER-negative patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study evaluated the effect of ketoconazole , a CYP3A4 inhibitor , on the metabolism of buprenorphine following the administration of a buprenorphine transdermal system 10 g/hour ( BTDS 10 ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: 336 adults patients with FH attending one of five outpatient lipid clinics in South East England underwent a clinical assessment by a nurse and completed a questionnaire .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In a 10-week , European , multi-centre dietary intervention study 771 obese women and men were randomized to either LF ( 20-25 % of energy ( % E ) from fat , 60-65 % E from CHO ) or HF ( 40-45 % E from fat , 40-45 % E from CHO ) , hypo-energetic diet ( measured resting metabolic rate multiplied by 1.3-600 kcal day ( -1 ) ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Apart from the positive physical hygiene effects , warm showers are a cost-effective , convenient , easy-to-deploy , nonpharmacological approach to pain reduction .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: 90 ASA physical status I and II patients , aged 5 to 15 years , scheduled for tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Predefined clinical non-fatal outcomes , overall mortality , risk factors , and weight .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Destructive modalities are generally the first physician-administered therapy .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This study was designed to assess the conditions for endotracheal intubation or insertion of a laryngeal mask airway following an inhalational induction using 8 % sevoflurane and nitrous oxide without the use of muscle relaxants or opioids .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Treatments included 1 control group ( basal diet ) and 3 experimental groups fed the basal diet plus 200 , 400 , and 800 mg of RES/kg of diet .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to 3 treatment groups : placebo ; 75 mg rPSGL-Ig ; 150 mg rPSGL-Ig , given intravenously .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Our results illustrate the challenges of successfully translating phase 2 biomarker results into phase 3 studies .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Despite this , it remains a common parenting practice in the US .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Nausea or near-fainting associated with marked hypotension or bradycardia was recorded in none , five ( 20 % ) and two ( 8 % ) of the patients , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: One hundred fifty patients were randomly assigned to D alone ( 35 mg/m ( 2 ) on days 2 and 9 , every 3 weeks ) or D in combination with estramustine ( D/E ; 280 mg orally three times a day on days 1 to 5 and 8 to 12 , every 3 weeks ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Randomized , four-period , crossover phase I study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A significantly higher rate of restenosis > 70 % ( 6 of 32 vs 0 of 29 ) occurred after CAS compared with CEA .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Body weight , REE , and 3-d food intake ( food provided ) were measured in the follicular and luteal phases of 2 menstrual cycles before a single injection of depot medroxyprogesterone or saline solution was administered .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A significant acceleration of the epithelialization was observed in all groups treated with collagen shields compared to the control group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A single-compartment model that included factors for endogenous inositol production , allometric size based on weight , gestational age strata , and creatinine clearance fit the data best .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Fasting blood samples were obtained at baseline and at 12 weeks to determine levels of blood glucose , lipid profile , insulin , C-peptide and glycosylated hemoglobin ( A1C ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Results were evaluated by use of the Constant score normalized for age and gender , as well as the Disabilities of the Arm , Shoulder and Hand ( DASH ) and Work-DASH self-administered questionnaires .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: were isolated from the liquid medium after reincubation , that were described by microbiologist as very probably contamination of the sample .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Randomized controlled study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No significant difference appeared in frequencies of eczema ( 39.3 % vs 43.3 % ) , atopic eczema ( 24.0 % vs 25.1 % ) , allergic rhinitis ( 20.7 % vs 19.1 % ) , or asthma ( 13.0 % vs 14.1 % ) between groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Blood samples were taken at the following times : -- 10.0 ( end of the infusion of the emulsion ) , 10 , 30 , 60 and 90 minutes , and the following parameters studied : total cholesterol ( col ) , triglycerides ( tg ) and phospholipids ( pl ) ; tg , col ad pl of the VLDL , HDL and LDL , free fatty acids and lipoprotein lipase .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: STR > 70 % occurred in in 71 % of adenosine-treated patients , in 54 % of nitroprusside-treated patients , and in 51 % of saline-treated patients ( p = 0.009 and p = 0.75 , respectively , vs. saline ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: SUBJECTS , SETTING , AND DESIGN : Eleven residents ( four women , seven men ; age , 33.5 + / - 4.7 yrs ) were observed when doing two regular 24-hr shifts at the emergency department ( randomized crossover design ) : one without rest , the other with a period of rest in the early afternoon ( duration , 2:31 + / - 1:04 hrs ) and the opportunity of having a nap ( duration , 1:07 + / - 0:26 hrs , n = 6 ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Quantitative determinations based on signal intensity/time ( SI/T ) curves at regions of interest ( ROI ) on the gray and white matter were made of the regional cerebral blood volume and flow ( rCBV and rCBF , respectively ) , the percentage signal drop , and the full width half maximum ( FWHM ) of the SI/T curve .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Thirty-three patients were randomized to receive first an anterior ( group I ) or posterior ( group II ) approach for RF modification of AV nodal conduction .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The CR and LBCO viewed the examination on a video monitor ; the RBCO viewed the same image on the video-conferencing monitor .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Great! I've added this to my knowledge base.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-06 00:00]\n<User>I have some labeled classification examples for you to study:\n\nSample: Pregnant women who called the Motherisk Program ( Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto ) and had not started taking or had discontinued any multivitamin due to adverse events were included in this prospective , randomized , open-label , 2-arm study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a nutritional intervention in cancer patients in an outpatient setting .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The efficacy of biventricular antitachycardia pacing in heart failure patients is significantly better in those with cardiac resynchronization therapy than in those without .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Weight , BMI , waist circumference ( WC ) and nutrient intake from 24-hour recalls were measured every 4 weeks and fasting blood glucose ( FBG ) , HbA1c and blood lipids were measured every 12 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the OPT group , there was also a decrease in left atrial diameter and mitral valve closure to opening time .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Content validity : Although its main focus is physical function , the MACTAR also contains generic questions ; 75 % of the patients named at least one impaired activity from the category `` mobility . ''\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We performed a planned secondary analysis from a large , multinational preterm birth prevention trial of daily intravaginal progesterone gel , 90 mg , compared with placebo in women with a history of spontaneous preterm birth or premature cervical shortening .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Dysphoria and depression have been cited as side effects of the opioid antagonist naltrexone .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: To compare marginal microleakage in porcelain veneer restorations following dental finishing using two types of instruments to test the hypothesis that microleakage will be less when teeth are prepared with sonic oscillating burs than when prepared with high-speed rotating burs .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In the recession group , the IO muscle was disinserted and subsequently sutured to a point 2 mm lateral and 4 mm posterior to the insertion of the inferior rectus muscle on the temporal side .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients with multiple sclerosis ( MS ) often report neuropathic pain ( NP-MS ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: A brief interview with intervention group subjects conducted by a medical student assigned to the clinic as part of a summer research experience helped subjects formulate questions they had about current therapy before they went into medical visits .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The powered toothbrush showed significant benefits in preventing gingival bleeding versus manual brushing alone .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Stenting of symptomatic vertebral artery stenosis is associated with a major periprocedural vascular complication in about one in 20 patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There were no statistically significant differences between the groups with respect to demographic or operative characteristics .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In this phase II , double-blind , placebo-controlled , multicentre study 145 patients presenting with stable or unstable angina were randomized to a single infusion of placebo or active drug ( CDP860 ) before undergoing stenting .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This safety and efficacy study enrolled and treated 128 patients at 18 clinical sites in the US and EU .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A clinically significant response ( treatment AHI 10/h and 50 % of control values ) was seen in 20 of the 63 subjects evaluated .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Under PCT guidance , antibiotic use was reduced and duration of antibiotic treatment was shortened in low-risk outpatients with CAP , without apparent harm .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The incidence of the `` any diabetes-related endpoint '' in the lowest ( HbA ( 1c ) < 6.0 % , SBP < 130 mmHg ) and highest ( HbA ( 1c ) > or = 8 % , SBP > or = 150 mmHg ) category combinations was 15 and 82 per 1,000 person-years , respectively , and 24 and 120 per 1,000 person-years in a Poisson model adjusted to white Caucasian male sex , age 50 to 54 years and diabetes duration of 7.5 to 12.5 years .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Ex vivo zymosan-stimulated NE activity in whole blood was also assessed as a surrogate pharmacodynamic measure .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: They returned for follow-up on Days 10 and 28 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Hypothyroid patients had markedly lower peak GH values ( mean + / - SE micrograms/l ) after GHRH administration ( 4.1 + / - 0.9 ) compared to control subjects ( 24.9 + / - 5.1 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Siltuximab stabilised disease in > 50 % of progressive metastatic RCC patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The subjects were instructed to note on a daily dairy the number and severity of abnormal uterine bleeding ( AUB ) episodes .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Between-group differences were tested for statistical significance by repeated-measures analysis of covariance .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We conclude that the severity of cold , as induced by experimental RV16 infection , is a determinant of the increase in airway hypersensitivity to histamine in patients with asthma .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: the present study was designed to compare the efficacy , tolerability and safety of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl when combined with propofol during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in children .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Pulmonary vein isolation ( PVI ) is an accepted treatment to relieve symptoms in patients with atrial fibrillation ( AF ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The two groups were similar in demographic and clinical aspects .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Fifty-five observers were enrolled in the randomized , prospective multicenter study of still images .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: During continuous somatostatin infusion the postprandial decrease in LESP did not occur ; LESP was even significantly ( P < 0.05 ) increased over basal levels .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the CFNB group , CFNB was established before combined epidural-spinal anesthesia and 20 ml 0.5 % ropivacaine was infused through the catheter placed near femoral nerve .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Further research is needed to examine the effects of exercise programs designed to address cognitive obstacles in older adults with mild cognitive impairment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Locoregional recurrence occurred in 52 ( 8 % ) of the radiotherapy plus tamoxifen group and 242 ( 35 % ) of the tamoxifen only group ( p < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was no difference in dental caries increment rate and enamel breakdowns at the end of the study ( p > 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To perform analyses according to the principle of intention-to-treat , missing observations at follow-up on the outcome measure were imputed with multiple imputation techniques .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This trial found no measurable improvements in patients with COPD receiving a mindfulness-based breathing CAM therapy compared to a support group , suggesting that this intervention is unlikely to be an important therapeutic option for those with moderate-to-severe COPD .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Protocol 2 : sitting with and without a CPAP of 8 cm H2O .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Bone mineral content at the distal third radius site was measured with single photon absorptiometry at these times .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Oral clonidine may influence plasma glucose and lipid homeostasis by modulating endocrinologic responses to surgical stress .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Methylprednisolone has been used in other Th1 mediated diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis in an attempt to switch off the immune response and so we investigated the efficacy of three days of high dose ( 1 g ) intravenous methylprednisolone at the start of prednisolone therapy in leprosy Type 1 reactions and nerve function impairment .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This study suggested that a questionnaire item assessing patient satisfaction with symptoms allows patients to distinguish between satisfaction with treatment effect and treatment delivery .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The extent to which initial benefits of revascularization were undone by failed revascularization versus native disease progression was assessed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The purpose of this study was to analyse the effect of a school-based intervention focused on increasing the number and intensity of Physical Education ( PE ) sessions a week , on adolescents ' lipid profile .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: SPs were assessed with semistructured diagnostic interviews , clinician improvement ratings , and parent and child improvement ratings .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Noted. I'll remember these details.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-07 00:00]\n<User>I want you to learn from these classified examples:\n\nSample: Group II received the same intervention but in the reverse order .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The reduction in dinoprostone dose used ( mean 1.2 compared with 1.3 , P = .082 ) was not significant .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was no significant difference between bicalutamide 150 mg and castration in mean percent change from baseline in FFM ( -1.56 % and -3.86 % , respectively , at week 96 , p = 0.31 ) , although there was a trend for greater progressive loss over time with castration .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This effect was persistent over the entire follow-up time ( at 24 , 48 , and 72 hours ; P = 0.001 by repeated-measures analysis of variance ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At times other than the fly season there was no evidence of a difference , in diarrhoea morbidity between sprayed and unsprayed villages .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Medication errors related to hospital discharge result in rehospitalization and emergency department ( ED ) visits , yet no systematic approach has been implemented nationally to decrease these medication errors .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: This pragmatic multicentre randomised trial recruited patients with symptoms suggestive of colorectal cancer from 21 UK hospitals .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Additionally , the EXE group scored significantly ( P , .050 ) better on six of the eight scales on SF-36v2 , and fi ve of the six scales on CAMPHOR .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Physicians should , therefore , base management decisions primarily on clinical findings and not overly rely on the history provided , or their own estimates .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Forty-five patients who had undergone surgery for arthroscopic partial meniscectomy were randomly divided into three groups with 15 patients in each group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Restriction endonuclease Dra I and Hind III were used to digest genomic DNA in the pair-matched cancerous and non-cancerous esophageal tissues for Southern blot analysis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the V group , intraocular pressure was also higher than the P group at 3 h ( p < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Calves were inoculated with C parvum oocysts at 3 days old .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Modification of expectancies ( headache self-efficacy and headache locus of control ) is thought to be central to the success of psychological treatments for migraine .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Subjects in the test arms received either a standard IANB or a buccal infiltration ( B Infil ) of 4 % articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine , whereas the subjects in the control arm received a standard IANB of 2 % lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The mean ( SD ) age of the latanoprost group was 60.5 ( 12.4 ) years ; 62.6 % were female ; and 49.0 % were white .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The formula-based therapy did not meet the primary endpoint achieving targeted gain with lower variability .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: CRP-levels of all patients peaked 48 h after the operation but were lower ( p = 0.034 ) in the verum group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The well-balanced randomization assures the reliability of the study data-set for prospective evaluation of care strategies .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: At enrollment , we recorded sepsis signs , disease severity , coagulation activation [ prothrombin fragments 1 + 2 ( F ( 1 +2 ) ) ] and fibrinolysis inhibition [ plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 ( PAI-1 ) ] .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Eligible patients who underwent LAR were studied retrospectively at 2 years ( 399 patients ) and 5 years ( 339 ) after TME .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In a randomized , multicenter , double-blind trial , inhaled iloprost ( 5 mug ) or placebo was added to stable monotherapy with bosentan for 12 wk .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Local factors such as the individual patient characteristics identified by specific assessment findings , clinician expertise and patient preferences should direct therapy selection when considering the types of exercises tested in this trial for inclusion in rehabilitation programmes following lumbar disc surgery .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Overall actuarial survivals at 10 years were 85.9 % + / - 4.9 % in the Carpentier ring group and 75.7 % + / - 7.2 % in the Duran ring group , without a significant difference .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This suggests that ADT may identify a subset of patients with aggressive tumors that may be candidates for additional therapeutic interventions even before PSA failure occurs .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Standard airway management by PCPs prior to this was BMV .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The diet was a controlled program of underfeeding during which meals were provided at individual calorie levels ( approximately 400 kcal/d ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A DVD-delivered exercise program specifically designed to target elements of functional fitness in older adults can produce clinically meaningful gains in physical function that are maintained beyond intervention cessation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Ejection fraction ( n = 1,137 ; p < 0.0001 ) , ESVI ( n = 945 ; p = 0.055 ) and IS ( n = 1,164 ; p = 0.03 ) were all associated with six-month mortality .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This implies that , once infants with colic begin crying , they do not calm as well as infants without colic .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Other outcome measures included a tender point score , the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire , ( FIQ ) , the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 ( SF-36 ) , the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index ( HAQ-DI ) , the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale ( HADS ) and tiredness score evaluated by VAS .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These results indicated that the safety profile of anastrozole remained consistent .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: CGM wear decreased over time , with only 41 % averaging at least 6 days/week at 26 weeks .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00055120 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Blood pressure and heart rate were monitored , and blood samples were taken .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All three doses of d-MPH XR ( 10 , 20 , or 30 mg o.d ) , were significantly more effective than placebo in improving ADHD symptoms as confirmed by the teacher , parent and clinician .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: They also gave basic demographic information and rated their confidence in their estimate .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The development of experimental models that readily translate between animals and humans is required to better integrate and clarify the biological , behavioural and cognitive mechanisms that underlie normal fear and pathological anxiety .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Of the 694 patients ( 362 GAL , 332 PLAC , mean baseline MMSE 22.4 + / - 1.1 , mean age 74 + / - 7.9 years ) , 65 % completed 6 months treatment ( 223 GAL , 229 PLAC ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The FN SLN rate was assessed in the ALND arm .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Tip cultures in 15 patients ( eight treatment , seven control ) were positive without clinical infection .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No infusion reactions or serious adverse events were attributed to either study drug .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The value of 5-aminosalicylic acid ( 5-ASA ) in Crohn 's disease ( CD ) is still under discussion .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Pleasant and unpleasant slides decreased and increased startle response , respectively , and this effect was influenced by neither risk group nor alcohol .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were randomized to the study intervention or to ` care as usual ' .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Sure I will remember them.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-08 00:00]\n<User>Please memorize these classification examples and their labels:\n\nSample: University medical center .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A total of 100 patients received study drug ( 51 adalimumab , 49 placebo ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Up to one third of patients who undergo total knee replacement develop deep vein thrombosis after surgery despite receiving low-molecular-weight heparin prophylaxis .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: A rapid and sustained relief of heart failure ( HF ) symptoms and signs is an important goal of management in patients hospitalized for acute HF syndromes ( AHFS ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Subgroup analysis of a randomized , controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Continuous control of P ( cuff ) is associated with significantly decreased microaspiration of gastric contents in critically ill patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Healthy subjects between the ages of 21 and 30 received 40-minute intravenous infusions of saline , low-dose ketamine ( 0.1 mg/kg ) , and high-dose ketamine ( 0.5 mg/kg ) on three separate test days in a randomized order under double-blind conditions .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A total of 194 lesions from 170 patients in the intervention group and 222 lesions from 211 patients in the control group were analysed for DA and cost-effectiveness .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The cost analysis showed a mean perioperative cost of 2868.9 euros ( 3556.3 dollars ) for group 1 and 2356.5 euros ( 2919.4 dollars ) for group 2 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In patients without TAO , there were no differences in QoL related to mode of treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Results obtained from primary biliary cirrhosis patients treated with UDCA suggested that this agent exerts significant cholesterol-lowering effects and justifies evaluation in primary hypercholesterolemic patients without liver disease .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Patients were evaluated with mercaptoacetyltriglycine-3 scans on the sixth month and US scans on the first , third , and sixth months , postoperatively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These data suggest that the long-term efficacy provided by a medicated collar that is effective , is a means to overcome the fluctuating efficacy of spot-on treatments resulting from a lack of pet owner re-treatment compliance , and consequently protect animals successfully against ectoparasites and probably vector-borne diseases .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Subjects ( N = 157 ) who completed a study of SE in 6 SCI centers .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Children were identified by health visitors and recruited by the research team .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: However , no clear changes were recorded with respect to blood perfusion parameters ( peak systolic velocity , end-diastolic velocity , pulsatility , and resistance indices ) associated with the SPCAs and CRA or the choroidal ocular pulse amplitude .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In Cox proportional hazards modeling , adjustment was made for patient sex ; ethnicity ; income ; baseline physical function ; severity of illness ; intensity of hospital resource use ; presence of do-not-resuscitate orders on study day 1 ; and presence and timing of decisions to withhold transfer to the intensive care unit , major surgery , dialysis , blood transfusion , vasopressors , and tube feeding .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Randomized , controlled trial with baseline and follow-up interview surveys .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These `` during-therapy '' benefits occurred without arterial recanalization .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Demineralized area and inhibition zone width were quantitatively assessed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The likelihood ratios for a positive test were 3.8 and 8.0 for CTX-I and CTX-II , respectively , which compared favorably with the likelihood ratios for the ESR ( 3.0 ) , baseline joint damage ( 1.6 ) , and RF ( 1.8 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The tympanic temperature curve in NM group then increased and returned to baseline ( 37 degrees C ) by 120 min .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients who grew MRSA , compared to those who did not , were more likely to fail treatment ( 31 % to 10 % , respectively ; 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] 8-31 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Significantly decrease in stool frequency and increase in percent weight gain were seen in the treatment group at 24 hours .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Cardiac damage and hemodynamics were recorded .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No deaths were attributed to hemorrhages .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients ' evaluation of treatment efficacy significantly favored omalizumab over placebo ( P = 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Over the past 25 years , numerous studies have confirmed the positive effect of the special ginkgo extract EGb 761 on the mental ability and emotional well-being of patients with cognitive disorders of vascular genesis , and Alzheimer-type dementia .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: A CPITN score of 0 or 1 was recorded for most sextants ( 62 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study suggests that latanoprost provides a statistically lower 08:00 - hour IOP and better range of IOP than timolol in the treatment of XFG glaucoma .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Forty-one subjects in the monosensitized group and 35 subjects in the polysensitized group completed the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Rates of infection ( chorioamnionitis + endometritis ) did not differ significantly between the groups , chlorhexidine 10 % versus placebo 13 % ( relative risk 0.8 , 95 % confidence interval 0.5 to 1.1 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The four prognostic variables identified in this study are important in the decision for palliative treatment , and the Okuda staging remains an important prognostic guide .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Drug use and criminal justice charges decreased significantly across assessment periods in both groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Healthy nulliparous women in active labour , at term , with a health singleton pregnancy and cephalic presentation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The patients are adults with chronic neuropathic pain .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Of the 89 patients randomised to splinting , 83 attended the follow up measurement at 12 months , of whom 60 reported improvement .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The median survivals were 17 and 12 months , for the intrahepatic and systemic groups , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twenty-four sessions of CogTr were administrated to the intervention groups over a three-month period .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After surgery , effective and well-directed acute pain therapy is a necessary and integral part of the overall treatment plan .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Older people are vulnerable to malnutrition , which leads to negative outcomes .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: In both men and women , ratings of D-QoL-belonging and D-QoL-positive affect subscales improved with 0.003 ( P = 0.04 ) and 0.002 points ( P = 0.06 ) with each percent increase in attendance to the walking program .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thanks for letting me know. I'll keep track of this.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-09 00:00]\n<User>These labeled training examples are for classification:\n\nSample: We investigated new multiple-agent combinations over the first 14 days of treatment to assess their suitability for future development .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: For this reason , high school teachers are in a good position to provide initial assistance to students who are developing mental health problems .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Atrial fibrillation ( AF ) is a frequent problem in patients undergoing valve surgery .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: pylori effect of L. acidophilus , suggesting that the inactivated L. acidophilus could be effective in increasing eradication rates of a standard anti-H .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Eighty-two postmenopausal women who were having natural or surgically initiated menopause and had no risk factor that could affect the respiratory system were included into this prospective , randomized study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Saliva secretion was found to be the least affected in the group of patients receiving biperiden throughout the course of radiotherapy .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In addition , questionnaires for the assessment of psychosocial ( i.e. , World Health Organisation Quality of Life Assessment-Bref ) , cognitive ( i.e. , Mini Mental State Examination ) , and fall risk determinants ( i.e. , Fall Efficacy Scale - International ) will be included in the study protocol .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The stone fragmentation and 3-month clearance ( success ) rates were clearly higher : 93.8 % and 87.5 % respectively for ESWL with diuresis compared with 70.6 % ( for both fragmentation and clearance ) with standard ESWL .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The two study groups had comparable demographic characteristics .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Subjects and researchers were blinded to the intervention .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Bimatoprost , latanoprost , travoprost , or a placebo was administered to the left eye once a day in the evening for 7 days , after a minimum 4-week washout period between each session .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Indomethacin was given in a dose of 0.2 mg/kg/dose intravenously , all patients received three doses with intervall of 12 hours .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A hundred women undergoing SE before 12 weeks gestation were randomized by computer using the sealed envelope method to receive placebo ( saline ) or conscious sedation ( 2 mg midazolam and 25 microg fentanyl ) i.v. 5 min before cervical dilatation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: However , no causative relation has been proven .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: We evaluate the benefits of them with the respect to surgery time and postoperative sighs and symptoms .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A negative 1-hour labor check evaluation , however , was not a good predictor of delivery within 24 hours .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The study has the potential to identify predictive biomarkers for this treatment modality .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There were no clinically significant findings on electrocardiogram .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The groups were as follows : ( a ) control , i.e. placebo ; ( b ) fentanyl , fentanyl ( 1.5 microg kg-1 ) ; ( c ) ketamine , s-ketamine ( 0.5 mg kg-1 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were improvements ( P < 0.05 ) in FEV ( 1 ) both postexercise ( pre : -7.60 2.10 % , post : -1.10 1.80 % ) and post-EVH ( pre : -6.71 2.21 % , post : -1.41 1.58 % ) with training .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Two hundred and one subjects were examined with the auscultatory sphygmomanometric and the automatic oscillometric method , each with and without sleeved arm in random order .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In this double-blind study , 30 outpatients scheduled to undergo shoulder arthroscopy were randomly assigned to receive either an ISBPB with 10 mL 0.125 % bupivacaine with epinephrine 1:400,000 ( n = 15 ) or 10 mL of normal saline ( n = 15 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: ACTRN12608000561381 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The ability to `` read the mind '' of other individuals , that is , to infer their mental state by interpreting subtle social cues , is indispensable in human social interaction .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Panretinal photocoagulation ( PRP ) reduces the risk of visual loss in proliferative diabetic retinopathy but some patients can not tolerate PRP because of pain .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Twenty patients were cognitively debriefed ; 70 % thought that the seven-day recall was `` more appropriate '' for the MDASI , but 85 % did not think that recall period would influence their answers .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We aimed to evaluate the effects of using high thoracic epidural sympathetic blockade ( HTESB ) as an adjunctive treatment to conventional therapy on the regression of left ventricular remodelling in chronic heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The severity of sore throat was alleviated significantly in the ketoprofen group ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The scores given by parents for wound appearance were significantly higher in the bilateral LR group than in the bilateral OR group ( 894.23 and 786.7 , respectively ; P < .05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were injected subcutaneously every 12 hours with rhIGF-I , 100 microgram/kg desirable body weight , or placebo for up to 14 days .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Treatment of hypertensive diabetic patients with conventional antihypertensive drugs ( diuretics , beta-blockers , or both ) seemed to be as effective as treatment with newer drugs such as calcium antagonists or ACE inhibitors .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: High-risk individuals and partners showed changes only for fruit and vegetables ( p = 0.005 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: They found that 60 % of the cases corresponded to protocol deviation and 7 % were protocol violation in dose constraint to the normal lung , two of whom died due to radiation pneumonitis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Platelet studies included adenosine diphosphate - , collagen - , and arachidonic acid-induced aggregometry ; PFA-100 ( Dade-Behring , Miami , FL ) and Ultegra ( Accumetrics , San Diego , CA ) analyzers ; and expression of 6 major receptors by flow cytometry at baseline and at day 30 after randomization .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Donor reaction had the most negative impact on the BDRR .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients from racial/ethnic minority groups , patients with lower income , and patients with lower educational attainment gave trainees higher ratings on the end-of-life care subscale of the QOC ( QOCeol ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The multivariable-adjusted HR for mortality comparing participants with diabetes to those without was 1.52 ( 95 % CI = 1.14-2 .04 , P-value < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: All participants received treatment as usual for substance use disorder treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: They then were randomized and referred to a radiologist who performed a selective nerve-root injection with either bupivacaine alone or bupivacaine with betamethasone .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Adults with SAD ( N = 169 ) provided Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale scores in a trial evaluating DCS augmentation of group CBT .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Carboplatin-PLD has a more favorable risk-benefit profile than CP in patients with partially platinum-sensitive ROC and should be considered an effective treatment option for these patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>Got it. I will remember them.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-10 00:00]\n<User>Here are categorized examples with their respective labels:\n\nSample: After 6 months , both techniques allowed for the excellent mean root coverage of 96.3 plus/minus 12.1 % in the control group and of 91.3 plus/minus 17.6 % in the test group.Complete root coverage was achieved in 89.5 % ( 17/19 ) and 79 % ( 15/19 ) of the recession cases in the control and the test groups respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To analyse the ongoing process of recruiting patients into a multicenter randomized trial on follow-up after curative surgery for colorectal cancer .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Accordingly , this study proposed a neurobiology-based psychoeducational intervention , which attempted to reduce people 's blameworthy attitudes toward and social distance from depressed individuals .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The first randomisation is to pre-operative fluid therapy or standard regimen and the second randomisation is to routine intensive care versus high dependency care during the early post-operative period .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: 1892 female players aged 13-17 ( 1055 players in the intervention group ; 837 players in the control group ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No within-group ( P = 0.67 ) or between-group ( P = 0.11 ) changes were found in FBF and FVC during reactive hyperemia along postexercise recovery .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This was a double-blind , randomized trial in 50 elderly patients referred for wound management .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The percentage of patients achieving successful outcomes was 88.9 % ( 95 % CI 77.0 % - 100.0 % ) in the treatment group and 22.2 % ( 95 % CI 6.54 % - 37.9 % ) in the control group ( P < 0.0001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A larger trial is warranted to confirm these results .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Resting and exercise hyperinflation were ameliorated by bronchodilator therapy with tiotropium in the overall GOLD 1 plus 2 COPD group .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Prospective , double-blind , randomized clinical investigation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Percentages of new lesions associated with C305 and BC3995 remained constant .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The T1c tissue induced by Gd-DTPA diminished faster than that induced by gadofosveset trisodium at both 1.5 and 3 T.\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were also assessed for postoperative healing and implant integrity .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Women were randomly assigned to a behavioral therapy group ( n = 77 ) or a control group ( n = 75 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Over a two - to-four-hour period , they measured the duration of soft-tissue anesthesia and evaluated vital signs , pain and adverse events .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After a 1-year double-blind , placebo-controlled study the patients were followed for another 72 months in an open study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Caregivers and patients are adversely affected .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Compared with patients with obstructive CAD , the rate of major cardiac events was lower in patients with non-obstructive CAD but was not negligible , prompting the need to better understand management strategies for this group .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To investigate dose-related effects of ephedrine on olfactory function in healthy subjects .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The new vaccine possessed significant immunogenicity and was associated with a significant reduction in respiratory morbidity among a group of healthy older children and adults .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Long-term use of cyclosporine ( CsA ) contributes to post-transplant cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: FGF-2 and TGF-beta1 both alone and in combination led to the greatest proliferative effect compared with the other growth factors .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Corneal topometry reached a lower , but not significantly different ( P > 0.01 ) value of 75 % correct prediction of BOZR .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Freshplace may serve as a model for other food pantries to promote food security rather than short-term assistance by addressing the underlying causes of poverty .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The response was best in Indian women -- it was 19 % in the intervention group and 5 % in the control group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No statistically significant differences in the incidence of endometritis were noted between the experimental and control groups among women who were not in labor at the time of the caesarean delivery [ 9.2 vs. 8.6 % ; RR = 1.05 ; 95 % CI = 0.58-1 .90 ] , and no differences were found between groups when women with ruptured membranes were excluded from the analysis [ 9.6 vs. 6.7 % ; RR = 1.39 ; 95 % CI = 0.78-2 .47 ] .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The rate of incontinence , anastomotic stricture and erectile function were included in the outcome analysis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We have previously demonstrated that changes in PSA kinetics correlate with metastasis-free survival ; however , it is unknown whether these changes also correlate with overall survival ( OS ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Our findings suggest that selenium supplementation in pregnant women may be associated with an increased cord-blood triglyceride level , although total cholesterol , low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels did not change significantly .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Postoperative morbidity was significantly more frequent in the IP than the PO group ( p = 0.036 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , by 6 months , the difference between groups was no longer present for any variable except probing depth 4 mm ( P = 0.04 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) is the most prevalent liver disease in American children .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The study was designed so patients with or without HER-2 overexpression would be distributed equally between the study arms .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The goal of the study was to investigate the regional intravenous anesthesia procedure in knee arthroscopy and to evaluate the effects of adding ketamine over the anesthesia block charactery and tourniquet pain .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In general , active drug treatment for ADHD compared to baseline was associated with several statistically significant changes in systolic blood pressure ( bupropion : +5.9 mm Hg , p < .05 by paired t test ; amphetamine : +5.4 mm Hg , p < .05 ) , diastolic blood pressure ( desipramine : +7.1 mm Hg , p < .05 ) , and heart rate ( bupropion : +6.9 mm Hg , p < .05 ; amphetamine : +7.3 mm Hg , p < .05 ; methylphenidate : +4.5 mm Hg , p < .05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was also statistical significant improvement within groups in some of the physical performance tests at one-year follow-up .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Analysis of safety suggested that , adverse events occurred in 11 cases in Dengzhan group , among which 4 cases is related with the drug treatment , the incidence of adverse events of which is 1.17 % , and the main manifestations involve fever and chilling , rash , nausea , dizziness , palpitation , etc. which were all appeared after the treatment of fleabane injection , and disappeared 1 to 2 days after drug withdrawal .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This did not reduce their disadvantage , though , as they still had a four times higher risk than children from two-parent families .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Neither the patients nor the clinical and laboratory investigators and personnel were aware of treatment assignment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Pinprick sensory and motor block ( 3 = no block , 0 = complete block ) were assessed to 20 minutes in the 4 distal nerve territories .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Secondary outcomes included onset of efficacy in Weeks 1 and 2 , durability of efficacy at 8 weeks , measures of disease activity in the dominant hand , pain intensity in the non-dominant hand , AUSCAN subindices , end of study rating of efficacy , and Osteoarthritis Research Society International response criteria .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The data was analyzed using univariate comparisons for correlated means to assess potential differences under the two conditions .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Forty-five ( 45 ) subjects assigned at random into three groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Greater exposure was seen in elderly females compared to males ( C ( max ) +46.8 % , P < 0.01 ; AUC +31.4 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: FEV , FVC , FEV/FVC ratio , MVV , and TLC were significantly lower in T2DM than in non-T2DM ( P-values < 0.010 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The mean interval between the initiation of sedation and the time when the PcCO value increased to more than 2 mmHg was 2.8 1.3 min for midazolam and 2.8 1.1 min for propofol .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Wonderful. I'll remember these key points."]
[{"question": "Sentence: Patients who underwent computer-assisted minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty had a significantly longer operative time ( by a mean of twenty-four minutes ) and a significantly shorter inpatient stay ( 3.3 compared with 4.5 days ) in comparison with those who underwent conventional arthroplasty ( p < / = 0.001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The addition of a short physiotherapy program composed of education on postural hygiene and exercise intended to be continued at home , increases those improvements , although the magnitude of that increase is clinically irrelevant .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients were assigned in factorial design to aspirin versus aspirin plus clopidogrel , and higher versus lower blood pressure targets .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A randomized controlled trial conducted at the Santa Clara Medical Center of the Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program in Northern California .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: These data suggest that a common mechanism of both LNIT and SIT is the induction of T-cell tolerance , thus providing a rational basis to explain why LNIT may be clinically successful in allergic patients with rhinits .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Compared with the control and celecoxib groups , more necrosis in the combination group was observed .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was no significant difference in macroscopic or histological results between the two treatment groups and no association between the histological findings and the clinical outcome at the two-year time-point .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Lipid-adjusted beta-carotene was lowered by 5-10 % by sterols in bread and milk , respectively .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: No other factor had a mediation effect .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: This parallel , two-group , multicentre , randomised controlled feasibility trial enrolled men with histologically confirmed localised , low-risk prostate cancer and good performance status from five UK hospitals .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: There were significantly more patients in the high intensity group than in the control group who achieved a maximum FIM total score at the third month ( 47 % vs. 19 % , p = 0.015 ) and a maximum Glasgow Outcome Scale ( GOS ) score at the second ( 28 % vs. 8 % , p = 0.034 ) and third months ( 34 % vs. 14 % , p = 0.044 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Tissue was extracted within 4 hours of treatment and analyzed for dexamethasone .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Study showed acceptable tolerance of radiotherapy regime with no increase of postoperative mortality and morbidity .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Three hundred and forty-four hydrocephalic children at 12 North American and European centers were randomized to 1 of 3 valves : a standard differential pressure valve ; a Delta valve ( PS Medical-Medtronic ) or a Sigma valve ( NMT Cordis ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The analysis will be carried out using multilevel hierarchical logistic regression models to account for the clustered nature of the data .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This study sought to determine the effect of very brief , single and multiple pulses of light on spatial and temporal aspects of saccadic eye movements .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: If a treatable thrombus is not demonstrated , no i.a. therapy will be administered .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: For patients with subfoveal NV-AMD , treatment with pegaptanib should be started as early as possible to maximize the clinical and economic benefits .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Outcome measures were taken at baseline , one , 2 , 3 , 4 , and 6 months post-procedure .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Furthermore , a significant proportion of study participants who received CZP returned to a normal life compared with those who received placebo .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The QOL questionnaires and a bicycle test were administered at baseline and after intervention or 15 to 19 weeks .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: An intermittent regimen of norgestimate at 30 or 90 microg daily administered for 3 days off followed by 3 days on preserved the beneficial lipid and lipoprotein changes induced by continuous therapy with 1 mg 17beta-estradiol daily ; however , 180 microg norgestimate did not do so .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The RV effective refractory periods were measured during RV-PES and BV-PES .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The median ( quartile ) VABS scores were 60 ( 42 , 97 ) for the 39 allocated hormonal treatment and 50 ( 36 , 67 ) for the 38 allocated vigabatrin ( Mann-Whitney U = 575 ; p = 0.091 ; median difference ( 95 % CI ) : 8 ( -1 to 19 ) ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Multiple blood samples were collected over 14 hours and plasma concentrations of abacavir were assayed using an LC/MS/MS method with a limit of quantitation of 25.0 ng/ml .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Preventive therapies should focus on these factors .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: To evaluate the humoral immune response to pneumococcal and influenza vaccination in adults with rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) receiving certolizumab pegol ( CZP ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Vitamin K status , which was assessed with the use of plasma phylloquinone concentrations , the degree of under-gamma-carboxylation of prothrombin ( proteins induced by vitamin K absence-factor II , PIVKA-II ) , and the percentage of undercarboxylated osteocalcin ( ucOC ) , was determined in 38 men and women with rheumatoid arthritis ( study A ) and in 32 healthy men ( study B ) participating in 2 independent , 12-wk randomized clinical trials of vitamin E supplementation ( 1000 IU/d ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: To study the pharmacodynamic properties of the subcutaneously injected long-acting insulin analog HOE901 ( 30 microg/ml zinc ) in comparison with those of NPH insulin and placebo .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: From an initial group of 1 006 adults , 552 Hp-positive subjects were randomly assigned to a treatment group ( T ; n = 276 ) or a placebo group ( P ; n = 276 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: With multiple dosing , all active-treatment groups had significantly lower least squares mean current and average pain intensities compared with placebo ( P < 0.004 and P < 0.005 , respectively ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: After the 3-month intervention , the experimental group reduced their depressive symptoms on the CES-D questionnaire by 4 points ( 95 % CI 1 to 7 ) more than the control group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The primary endpoint was change in body weight from baseline ; secondary endpoints included additional obesity measures and safety parameters .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Secondary end points included duration of hospital stay and overall mortality .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Chronic condition management in general practice is projected to account for 50 % of all consultations by 2051 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: http://NCT01452191 ( date of registration : 13/10/2011 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The incidence of intolerance to meat and bread was greater in the banded patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: To determine whether short-term intensive group-based therapy combining modified constraint-induced movement therapy and bimanual therapy ( hybrid-CIMT ) is more effective than an equal total dose of distributed individualized occupational therapy ( standard care ) on upper limb motor and individualized outcomes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The restoring of peripheral mature neutrophils in the treated group was higher than that in the control group , from the 3rd week of treatment , the difference was significant ( all P < 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: We aimed to establish whether 7 day bladder catheterisation was non-inferior to 14 days in terms of incidence of fistula repair breakdown in women with simple fistula .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Of these , 678 were randomized to one of four regimens : Regimen A : Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster ( BFM ) 76/79 ; Regimen B : LSA2-L2 with cranial irradiation ; Regimen C : LSA2-L2 without cranial irradiation ; and Regimen D : the New York ( NY ) regimen .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The majority of catheter-related BSIs were acquired extraluminally from skin of the insertion site ( 63 % ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Suppressive acyclovir therapy reduced the need for cesarean for recurrent herpes in women whose first clinical episode of genital HSV occurred during pregnancy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Current clinical practice usually limits the daily dose of HCTZ to 25 mg .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Overall , there were no differences in tendon-to-bone healing between the PRFM and control groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Ten men with symptomatic HIV infection who were following stable medication regimens and had no malignancies , mycobacteriosis , or additional virus infection requiring systemic treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Ten healthy , right-handed men performed 15 trials during selected functional tasks with and without a splint , blocking radial and ulnar deviation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The mean follow-up was 2.1 years .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Objective was to examine whether thyroid hormone therapy improves linear growth in children with FA and borderline thyroid function tests\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients were randomly assigned to valdecoxib 10 , 20 , or 40 mg QD , naproxen 500 mg BID , or placebo .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Change in VF-14 was associated with changes in stereopsis and contrast sensitivity , while change in handicap was associated with change in stereopsis .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Cetirizine/pseudoephedrine was more effective than budesonide during HDM exposure , whereas budesonide became as effective as cetirizine/pseudoephedrine several hours post exposure to the allergens .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: CE whole-heart coronary MRA at 3.0 T demonstrated higher overall CNR between coronary blood and myocardium and an improved image quality of the distal coronary segments compared with noncontrast-enhanced SSFP coronary MRA at 1.5 T.\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Prior to the end of September 2012 , a total of 340 patients with high-risk PCa will be enrolled and randomized to one of two treatment arms .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The means of the increases in haemodynamic parameters were compared .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: These observations may help to explain the findings by some investigators that treatment aimed at achieving survivor values of cardiac index , DO2 , and VO2 fails to improve outcome when instituted following admission to intensive care .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients randomized to aortic counterpulsation had significantly less reocclusion of the infarct-related artery during follow-up compared with control patients ( 8 % versus 21 % , P < .03 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Depression is common among recently abstinent alcoholics ; however , its treatment has been little studied .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients were assessed at study entry and annually .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: There were no increased complications associated with the laparoscopic technique .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Uveoscleral outflow was increased 60 % at day 8 ( P < .06 ) and day 29 ( P < .05 ) compared with baseline .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Seven primary care clinics in Malaysia .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: In this subset of 74 patients with RCC , zoledronic acid ( 4 mg ) was found to significantly reduce the proportion of patients with an SRE ( 37 % vs. 74 % for placebo ; P = 0.015 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The chance for long-term remission with induction therapy with AFM and high-dose chemotherapy is increased for hormone receptor positive-patients with nonvisceral metastases who have not received prior adjuvant chemotherapy and have long disease-free intervals .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Novartis , United States National Cancer Institute , International Breast Cancer Study Group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: We advocate screening for patients demonstrating hypercoagulable states and ensuring adequate thromboprophylaxis in this group of patients with careful monitoring .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Mean 24-hour pH and percentage time for pH > 4 were significantly greater after lansoprazole 30 mg and rabeprazole 20 mg than after lansoprazole 15 mg and rabeprazole 10 mg , respectively .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Although the patients were not queried specifically regarding epididymitis , its occurrence was noted when discovered in the course of follow-up examinations .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The hypothesis to be tested was that global alpha EEG normalization after TMS would help improve the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia , regardless of the site of stimulation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Recent developments suggest that local delivery of antimicrobials into periodontal pockets improve periodontal health .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , data on effective return to work after interventions for low back pain are scarce .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , there are a number of limitations as to the quality and quantity of such effects which calls for further investigation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: IL-6 and IL-8 levels in the UTI group were significantly lower than those in the control group during the time points of T ( 2 ) - T ( 4 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: For these patients , one hypothesis is that impaired rectal adaptation to distension may occur .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: In each group video urodynamics revealed a mild but nonsignificant decrease in maximum urinary flow and a significant increase in bladder neck opening time at 7 to 14 days versus baseline .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: If not treated effectively , the lesions may develop into severe outcomes , including dermal ulcer or necrosis .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The baseline fiber intake , whether considered as a whole or from specific sources , did not modify the effect of treatment group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: A total of 1090 carriers and 1114 noncarriers were included in the efficacy analysis .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Highest lactate concentrations were measured in C I after 6 hours of infusion .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: 3rd year medical students were initially randomized to participate in a problem-based ( PBL , n = 55 ) , or a lecture-based ( LBL , n = 57 ) course in basic pharmacology .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Exogenous rhGH increased Ra FFA in children with large third-degree burns .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: No AIDS-defining events occurred ; two patients in each group developed oral candidiasis , and two patients on prednisone developed mild herpes simplex flares .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: A total of 130 patients were included over 12 months : 65 with DBE and 65 with the SBE technique .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: One hundred and seventeen patients were available for follow-up .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: After a 2-week placebo wash-out 1453 elderly hypertensive patients ( 65-89 years ; sitting office DBP 90-109 mmHg and/or sitting office SBP 140-179 mmHg ) were randomized to a 12-week double-blind treatment with olmesartan medoxomil 10 mg or ramipril 2.5 mg once-daily , up-titrated ( 20 and 40 mg olmesartan medoxomil ; 5 and 10 mg ramipril ) after 2 and 6 weeks in patients without normalized office BP .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The questionnaire was presented in a linear-analog self-assessment format .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Characteristics of spinal block , intraoperative quality of spinal anesthesia , side effects , complete analgesia ( time to first feeling of pain ) , and effective analgesia ( time to first request of analgesics ) were assessed .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: High dose of oxytocin was associated with a significant shortening of labor 4 ( 1.10-10 ) vs. 6 ( 1-10 ) h , p < 0.0001 without a significant difference in cesarean delivery rate , neonatal and maternal outcome .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Despite high response rates with both regimens , once-daily raltegravir can not be recommended in place of twice-daily dosing .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , EVL is associated with complications such as hemorrhage , chest pain , dysphagia , and odynophagia due to post-EVL ulcers in the esophageal mucosa .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The 90 % CI for the mean treatment ratios of the log-transformed C ( max ) , AUC ( 0-t ) , and AUC ( 0 - ) were all within the predefined equivalence range of 80 % to 125 % .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In TENS group , 2 TENS devices were used and the surface electrodes were applied on the spastic musculotendinous and antagonist muscles in the affected lower extremity .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: In both groups forewater amniotomy was performed synchronously with oxytocin infusion using the allocated regimen .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: In 60 rats , either the visceral or parietal peritoneum was injured and covered with autologous peritoneal transplants in half of the animals .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Controlling for smear order , guided smears were more likely to be assessed as `` unsatisfactory '' for cytological assessment ( OR 6.93 , 95 % CI 1.92 to 24.94 ) , and contain fewer squamous ( OR 0.20 , 95 % CI 0.04 to 0.94 ) and metaplastic cells ( OR 0.12 , 95 % CI 0.03 to 0.54 ) than blind smears ; there were no other statistically significant differences between techniques .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In study 3 , after adjustment for confounding , the risk of pneumonia remained significantly higher among vitamin D users ( OR 1.496 , 95 % CI 1.208 to 1.853 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The radiation dose was calculated by means of dose-volume histograms .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Tirofiban is a highly selective , short-acting inhibitor of fibrinogen binding to platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Climacteric symptoms were evaluated with a modified Kupperman 's index ( KI ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Change from baseline in physical functioning ( eg , self-care , walking , lifting , exercising ) was significantly more improved in the triphasic norgestimate-ethinyl E2 group than in the placebo group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}]