["[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-01 00:00]\n<User>The following classification examples include important label information:\n\nSample: This approach was selected to identify potential PK interactions between TPN components and glycerophosphate .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: CYP2E1 , 1A2 , and 3A4 have all been implicated in the formation of N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine ( NAPQI ) , the reactive intermediate of acetaminophen ( INN , paracetamol ) , in studies in human liver microsomes and complementary deoxyribonucleic acid-expressed enzymes .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: It can be concluded that in clinically monitored parameters both treatment modalities were equally effective without any statistical or clinical significance in the observed groups of patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Depression severity was measured using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This latency between disease activity and its effects on radiographic progression should be considered when evaluating radiographic outcomes in trials of RA .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A snack 2 h after the insulin injection results in a smoother blood glucose profile and reduces the risk of hypoglycaemia in patients with type 1 diabetes treated with preprandial regular human insulin .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: At study entry laryngoscopic appearances were normal in almost half the patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: PDT was performed more quickly ( PDT , 20.1 + / - 2.0 mins ; ST , 41.7 + / - 3.9 mins , p < .0001 ) and was associated with lower patient charges than ST ( total patient charges : PDT , 1,569 dollars + / - 157 dollars vs. ST , 3,172 dollars + / - 114 dollars ; equipment/supply charges : PDT , 688 dollars + / - 103 dollars vs. ST , 1,526 dollars + / - 87 dollars ; professional charges : PDT , 880 dollars + / - 54 dollars vs. ST , 1,647 dollars + / - 50 dollars ; p < .0001 for all ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Group LI : patients received SNB using long axis ( L ) view of SN and ( I ) insertion of the needle .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This affordable measure will enable quick public-health intervention , while monitoring bacterial susceptibility and haematological tolerance .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There was no major morbidity .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Median TRP increased significantly with higher infusion rates .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The eyes were randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 study arms : the IVB group , patients who received 1.25 mg IVB ( 50 eyes ) ; the IVB/IVT group , patients who received 1.25 mg of IVB and 2 mg of IVT ( 50 eyes ) ; and the MPC group , patients who underwent focal or modified grid laser ( 50 eyes ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: With respect to secondary outcome variables , stool consistency and ease of stool passage improved more in the PEG 4000 group ( p = 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Propofol caused a more rapid onset of sedation than midazolam ( p < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Recent studies show that individual single-session psychological debriefing does not prevent and can even aggravate symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: MEI significantly improves performance of colonoscopy , particularly when used by trainees , or by experts in technically difficult cases ; loops were straightened or controlled effectively , resulting in quick intubation times and high completion rates .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Results were statistically evaluated , 2 patients ( FTG ) were excluded from analysis for protocol failure ( protocol was non kept by anesthesiologist in 1 patient and by the nurse in the second patient ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Sebum secretion , safety , and histologic changes were also evaluated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The clinical and radiographic diagnoses were blindly assessed by another investigator with an intraexaminer reliability of 0.85 to 0.95 ( kappa value ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Biliary stasis and sludge have been recently recognized as the precursors of acute acalculous cholecystitis , as well as ` idiopathic ' postoperative pancreatitis , rare but very serious complications after surgery .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In this patient group up to 50 % of open appendectomies are negative for appendicitis .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Although exercise has multiple health benefits , relatively little attention has been paid to its potential therapeutic effects in those with asthma .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: University-affiliated geriatric clinic , December 2005 to May 2006 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The primary end point was the incidence and severity of dry mouth reported after direct questioning .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Peak forearm blood flow and calf blood flow ( CBF ) during reactive hyperemia after 5 min of limb ischemia was used as a measure of endothelium-dependent vasodilation of limb resistance arteries .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Salivary IgA secretion significantly decreased in control group after 2 wk , and returned to baseline following dietary switch to PSPL .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thank you for sharing. I've noted this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-02 00:00]\n<User>Here are some annotated classification examples:\n\nSample: Maximal exercise testing with respiratory gas exchange was performed at baseline and after training .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: These results show that transient paradoxical bronchoconstriction can occur in some healthy subjects , in addition to patients with COPD , following inhalation of AZD9164 and that the citrate buffer used in the nebulised formulation can not have been the only cause of the drop in FEV1 in previous studies .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The participants were then randomised into 2 groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To examine whether delays in seeking care are associated with worse health outcomes or increased treatment costs in children , and then assess whether insurance coverage reduces these delays .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Participants were randomly assigned to a control group that performed a 9-month low-intensity home exercise program ( control ) or an exercise-training program ( ET ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: COBRA is a two-arm , non-inferiority , patient-level randomised controlled trial , including clinical , economic , and process evaluations comparing CBT delivered by highly trained professional therapists to BA delivered by junior professional or para-professional mental health workers to establish whether the clinical effectiveness of BA is non-inferior to CBT and if BA is cost effective compared to CBT .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Accurate clinical assessment of laryngeal involvement with LPRD is likely to be difficult because laryngeal physical findings can not be reliably determined from clinician to clinician .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: At the fourth month the IgG level began to rise continuously ( P < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 7,500 persons between 50 and 75 years will be randomly selected from the electronic database of the municipal administration registration and will receive an invitation to participate in either CT colonography ( 2,500 persons ) or colonoscopy ( 5,000 persons ) screening .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Postoperative pain , analgesic requirement , time to solid food intake , hospital stay and recovery time were reduced in the laparoscopic group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A total of 64 patients aged 18-80 years , suffering from rheumatoid arthritis for more than 6 months and American Rheumatism Association functional class I , II or III were randomized in a double blind manner to amtolmetin guacyl or diclofenac for 4 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Kidney graft function after transplantation can be improved through pharmacological donor pretreatment to limit organ injury from cold preservation .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Participants made regular clinic visits throughout the treatment phase during which they received brief counseling sessions to encourage abstinence from smoking .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Self-evaluation of cream effectiveness was no different for test creams compared with placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Group scores were not significantly improved at the end of the trial compared to at the beginning of the study ( Group A : 15.1 to 16.1 ) ( Group B 15.6 to 15.9 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To evaluate the efficacy of eicosapentaenoic acid ( EPA ) against ribavirin ( RBV ) - associated hemolytic anemia during the first 12 weeks in chronic hepatitis C virus ( HCV ) combination therapy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: There were no sex differences in functional outcome at 90 days after the stroke among patients treated with IV rtPA .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: At the end of the study , the overall reduction in mean diameter was significantly greater with the hydrophobic HME ( Pall ) than with the two other systems ( Pall : -6.5 + / - 4 % vs. 2.5 + / - 2.5 % for Dar and 1.5 + / - 3 % for Fisher-Paykell ; P < 0.01 with analysis of variance ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Approval of combination products by the US Food and Drug Administration requires demonstration that each component contributes to the overall effectiveness .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Electroencephalograms were ordered for standard indications after a neurologist 's clinical assessment indicated > or = 1 seizure ( 83 % ) or unclear spell ( 17 % ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In this 12-month , phase 3 trial , 717 patients who were receiving stable doses of methotrexate were randomly assigned to 5 mg of tofacitinib twice daily , 10 mg of tofacitinib twice daily , 40 mg of adalimumab once every 2 weeks , or placebo .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Of the 2,378 subjects , 89.3 % in the intervention group and 87.4 % in the usual-care group had sufficient data to analyze study outcomes .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In a prospective randomized study at University Hospital Pilsen , Czech Republic , 790 consecutive primiparous women were enrolled between April 2010 and April 2012 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aim of the present study was to determine whether a three-month thumb splinting protocol reduces extensibility of the FPL muscle in people with tetraplegia .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Six months of chemotherapy were recommended in both groups in patients who had a response .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A dose-related increase in abiraterone exposure was observed in both studies .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Fifty-six patients undergoing colon resection were randomly assigned to conservative ( 8 mL x kg ( -1 ) x h ( -1 ) , n = 26 ) or aggressive ( 16 to 18 mL x kg ( -1 ) x h ( -1 ) , n = 30 ) fluid management .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Dependency was associated with more interpersonal problems related to low dominance and high affiliation , while self-criticism was associated with more interpersonal problems related to low affiliation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary outcome was a change of 3 lines or more of visual acuity , defined as a difference of 0.3 in logMAR scores , between baseline and 6 months of follow-up .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Objective tumor response was also equivalent at week 1 , but at month 1 was 32 % after PDT and 20 % after Nd : YAG ( p < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Self-monitoring diaries can have a significant impact on weight loss in individuals living in rural communities .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: For patients with anemia , fatigue can be improved or reversed with darbepoetin alfa therapy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Accordingly , the potential toxicity of BPA from placing lingual bonded retainer might be negligible .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This study investigated whether aromatics delivered by inunction could be objectively shown to enhance lung clearance .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Physicians ' attitudes toward electronic communication were improved , but physicians ' and patients ' attitudes toward general communication did not change .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A recent animal study indicated that epinephrine in local anesthesia adversely affects the survival of full-thickness skin grafts .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Participants will be blinded to shoe allocation and will be instructed to wear the shoes as much as possible every day for 6 months , for a minimum of 4 hours per day .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In this study , we investigated whether EPBD can preserve sphincter function , and evaluated whether or not such preservation has clinical significance .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: All of the G-CSF schedules covered the neutrophil nadir time .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Although the study was underpowered , no adverse effects were observed .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Perfect. I've stored this information in my memory.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-03 00:00]\n<User>These labeled training examples are for classification:\n\nSample: In HIV-1-infected patients harbouring the M184V mutation ( M184V ) , lamivudine monotherapy leads to a smaller decrease in CD4 percentages ( CD4 % ) than treatment interruption , possibly due to the reduced fitness of the mutated virus .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: In addition , the reduction of serum UA levels in the reference formulation was similar to that of the test formulation after a single dose .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There was a lower anatomical success rate in MHRD with extreme long axial lengths , severe chorioretinal atrophy , and posterior staphyloma .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Studied variables : demographic and clinical characteristics , pharmacological treatments and T2DM complications ( diabetic foot , retinopathy , coronary heart disease and stroke ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The authors performed descriptive analyses and compared median number of activities performed by intervention and control FCs with Wilcoxon rank-sum tests .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients were randomly assigned at 1:1 ratio to diltiazem sustained-release capsules treatment group ( Dil , 90 mg twice daily ) or placebo control group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This trial is registered with EudraCT , number 2005-000321-29 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All serum biochemistry returned to normal levels and skin rash resolved after 7 days without any special treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Treatments were administered in the evening .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Primary care practices exposed to the nutrition manual in a training session adopted more of the manual 's recommendations .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Smoking prevention programs should focus on the structure of peer environments besides promoting social influence skills .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This multicentre , randomized , parallel controlled clinical trial enrolled 521 children and adolescents aged 9 - 16 ( avg .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: However , the incidence of newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation was higher in the high-target group than in the low-target group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The findings validate earlier results showing no advantage from radical mastectomy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: 70 subjects were included in the analyses of efficacy and significant improvements in Schirmer 's score ( p = 0.0006 ) and rose bengal staining score ( p = 0.0001 ) were observed during treatment with hyaluronan .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The HEMO Study was a 7-year , multicentre , randomized trial ( N = 1846 ) , which examined the effects of dialysis dose and membrane flux on mortality and morbidity .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To explore cardiac rehabilitation ( CR ) as a treatment for psychological and physiological morbidity in women with chest pain and normal coronary arteries ( cardiac syndrome X ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: To evaluate the effects of Tai Chi Qigong training on the quality of life and physical function of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: This is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Mallampati Class III patients were enrolled and were randomly assigned to the Surch-Lite group ( Group SL ) or the direct laryngoscopy group ( Group DL ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Laboratory .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A 3-arm RCT with waitlist control design will be used in this study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: LBD alone may be a simple , safe , and effective alternative to EST plus LBD in relatively aged patients with large CBD stones , and it can simplify the procedure compared with EST plus LBD .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Lipoprotein separation and plasma analysis of lipids , glucose and insulin were performed in subjects randomly assigned to placebo ( n = 9 ) or atorvastatin ( 80 mg per day ) ( n = 10 ) for 4 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Yogurt added no benefit .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The youngest child developing PDPH was a 12-month-old boy .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Between November 2005 and June 2012 , 301 patients with node-negative NPC were randomly assigned to receive primary plus prophylactic upper neck irradiation ( UNI , 153 patients ) or primary plus whole-neck irradiation ( WNI , 148 patients ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Success within 3 attempts was achieved in 95 % of ultrasound group vs 74 % of landmark group ( p = 0.0001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Serum and saliva samples were collected pretrial , immediately posttrial , and 30 min into the recovery period from each trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Additional treatment with intra-articular hyaluronan injection as an adjunct to microfracture technique may offer better clinical outcomes over microfracture technique alone .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The Sapporo Fitness Club Trial ( SFCT ) is a randomized controlled trial to compare the efficacy of the national standard alone ( control ) with the standard plus exercise at a fitness club ( intervention ) for the reduction of CVD risk factors .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: At 6 months after PRK , there was no significant difference in visual outcomes with either antibiotic .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The relative risk ( RR ) for cesarean delivery among home-triaged women compared with those receiving only telephone support was 1.12 ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] 0.94-1 .32 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In this randomized study the long-term results of Shouldice , Lichtenstein and transabdominal preperitoneal ( TAPP ) hernia repair were compared .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Plasma levels of PGE2 , IL-6 , and TNF - were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays kits .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In this multi-center study of more than 2,900 dental implants , study centers were grouped by implant survival scores in an attempt to draw attention to the influence of confounding variables associated with the treatment environment .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: PFS for patients receiving the combination of anastrozole and gefitinib was longer than for patients receiving anastrozole plus placebo [ hazard ratio ( gefitinib/placebo ) , 0.55 ; 95 % confidence interval , 0.32-0 .94 ; median PFS , 14.7 versus 8.4 months ] .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Significant differences were also observed in the scores on patient tolerance between the endoscopist ( operator dependent factor ) , regardless of the use of topical pharyngeal anaesthesia or not .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was no significant difference between the two groups in the portion of HBeAg reduction , HBeAg seroconversion and incidence of adverse events .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Some aggressive behaviour was observed between horses not well matched in dominance behaviour .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Images with an SSS < 4 were considered normal .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were no apparent trends in Doppler readings .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Perfect. I've stored this information in my memory.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-04 00:00]\n<User>These examples show different classes - please note the labels:\n\nSample: Dense spontaneous echocardiographic contrast and complex aortic plaque were independent of each other as predictors of thromboembolism .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Forty ASA I-II patients undergoing total hip replacement under epidural anesthesia were randomized into two groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Alendronate ( 10 mg daily ) has been shown in long term clinical trials to be an effective treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: IgG1 antibodies dominated among the isotypes from the first appearance of GAD65Ab , while other IgG subclasses were observed to a lesser extent .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , there was a significant interaction between group and baseline percentage body fat : in the diet group only , milk energy output increased in fatter women and decreased in leaner women .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Platelets of both poor responders and diabetic patients responded fully to AM added ex vivo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Pateclizumab ( anti-lymphotoxin - alpha ; MLTA3698A ) is a humanized monoclonal antibody that blocks and depletes anti-LT .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The aim of the current study was to prospectively analyze complication rates and costs associated with dural closure in patients undergoing supratentorial craniotomies , randomized for watertight and adaptive dural closures .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: We compared performance on the knowledge examination for those items taught with TBL and those with SGL .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Melatonin and placebo caused a decrease in nocturia of 0.32 and 0.05 episodes per night ( p = 0.07 ) and a decrease in the nocturia bother score of 0.51 and 0.05 , respectively ( p = 0.008 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients taking placebo had a mean improvement in NIH symptom score from 20.2 to 18.8 ( not significant ) , while those taking the bioflavonoid had a mean improvement from 21.0 to 13.1 ( P = 0.003 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were no differences between the groups in demographic characteristics , risk factors , and cervical variables .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In this real-world clinical scenario , NYHA functional class I/II CRT patients improved clinical status , and LV function and size as good as or better than those in NYHA functional class III/IV patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The SF-6D and EQ-5D are widely used generic index measures as health-related quality of life .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The prospective study was conducted from March 21 , 2009 to March 21,2010 , and comprised all patients referred to the seven addiction treatment centres in Birjand .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Changes in mean hematocrit , transfusion requirement , and quality of life .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Lorazepam rescue was permitted after dose two .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Distal lienorenal shunts done for patients with haemodynamic pattern I was followed by a rebleeding rate of 3.3 % while devascularization done for patients with the same pattern was followed by a rebleeding rate of 26.6 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: PS , RE , and SE predicted GI , GI predicted IMI , and IMI predicted exercise behavior .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Paclitaxel was given at a dose of 200 mg/m ( 2 ) ( 3-h intravenous infusion ) followed by either carboplatin at an AUC of 6 or cisplatin at a dose of 80 mg/m ( 2 ) , all repeated every 3 weeks .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Myocardial diastolic dysfunction ( MDD ) and impaired coronary flow reserve ( CFR ) are early signs of myocardial involvement in patients with diabetes .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Compared with before treatment , the lactoferrin content in the tears of patients in the treatment group increased , break-up time was prolonged and the result of the Schirmer I test showed improvement after 3 weeks of treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Serum lactate levels normalized twice as quickly after NAC ( median 21 h , 95 % CI 12-36 h ) as after placebo ( median 42 h , 95 % CI 30-84 h ; p = 0.002 , Mann-Whitney U test ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A multilevel logistic regression model was used to determine correlates with this outcome .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Deferoxamine ( 100 mg per kilogram of body weight per day , infused intravenously for 72 hours ) or placebo was added to standard therapy with quinine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This study found positive changes in dietary behavior and an increase in high-density lipoprotein level from participants who undertook the NFDI for self-management in dietary modification .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: NCT00438451 , www.clinicaltrials.gov .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The 6MWD change did not correlate with the changes in the other outcomes .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Ninety patients who had pure wild-type H. pylori infection were randomly assigned to receive clarithromycin ( 200 mg b.i.d. ) , amoxicillin ( 500 mg q.i.d. ) and lansoprazole ( 30 mg b.i.d. ) for either 5 days or 7 days ( n = 48 and n = 42 , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Pulmonary function ( FEV ( 1 ) ) and asthma symptoms ( Asthma Symptom Checklist , Borg Dyspnea Scale ) were assessed 5 and 20 min later .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All patients received the correct randomized treatment ; 1 patient in the TA group did not complete the infusion because of neurologic deterioration .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Fourteen postmenopausal women were randomized to receive either a transdermal estrogen patch ( TE2 ) ( n = 7 ) for 6 weeks or TE2 with added medroxyprogesterone acetate ( 10 mg ) ( TE2/MPA ) ( n = 7 ) for the last 10 days of the 6-week regimen .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: However , the risk of severe and nocturnal hypoglycaemia was 72 % and 32 % , respectively , lower with insulin detemir than with insulin glargine ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , the clinical results from this study do not support the preventive use of propranolol in the acute aftermath of a traumatic event .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: regular medication review has been recommended for those over 75 and those on multiple drug therapy .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: They received either a bolus of tranexamic acid ( 20 mg/kg ) or placebo ( normal saline ) intravenously just before surgery .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Those initially on placebo were randomly assigned to 11 or 22 mg/day , and those initially on 44 mg/day were reduced to 22 mg/day at Week 4 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00858247 .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Earlier restitution of full activity is another advantage .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Subjects in C and CP groups combined experienced greater increases in body mass and total muscle thickness than PLA ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We analysed GDP and AGE kinetics in 21 children ( 7 months to 18 years ) on automated PD in a prospective multicentre trial with randomized administration of single chamber , high-GDP and double-chamber , low-GDP dialysis solution for 12 weeks each .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: People suffering from MS have shown a significantly higher level of IL-18 and CRP .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The number of Langerhans cells in C-UCA-treated skin was unaffected .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: BM-MSCs are safe when injected IM at a dose of 2 million cells/kg body weight .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Pain and lumbar function were assessed before treatment and at one week , two weeks and four weeks after intervention .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Armodafinil 150 mg administered at the beginning of a night shift normalizes nocturnal sleepiness in individuals with SWD unselected for objective sleepiness .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Thereafter , the children were followed for 6 months after tube removal .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: NCT01303614 .\n\nLabels: 0\n<Assistant>Sure I will remember them.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-05 00:00]\n<User>Please study these classification instances and their labels:\n\nSample: The effect of thymostimulin on hepato-renal function requires further confirmation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Frequencies of hypoglycemia ( week 24 , linagliptin 22.0 % , placebo 23.2 % ; treatment end , linagliptin 31.4 % , placebo 32.9 % ) and adverse events ( linagliptin 78.4 % , placebo 81.4 % ) were similar between groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Fluids were infused at a rate of 3 mL/kg/h in the two groups from the induction of anesthesia to the end of the surgical procedure .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Of the 21 patients enrolled in this trial , one ( 5 % ) was withdrawn for side effects .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No benefit was shown by using the BIOPATCH in this patient population .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Although both of the other groups showed a significant response after the 14-day treatment ( P < 0.001 ) compared with the baseline , oral methylcobalamin did not provide any significantly pain relief ( P > 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Surgery is widely used and has recently been shown to be more effective than nonoperative treatment when the results were followed over two years .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Radiculopathy was verified by magnetic resonance imaging in 111 ( 34 % ) patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This differential effect was particularly marked for district hospitals .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , its mechanism of action is still unknown .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The research also provides much needed data and detailed information related to the use of incentives for the initial promotion of young peoples ' behaviour change during this important transition .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Still , it is unknown whether diastolic WSS carries similar cardiovascular risk factors compared to systolic WSS .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: A significant inhibition of urease activity was observed only under high dose omeprazole administration ( 80 mg/day ) , and the 13C-UBT turned negative in three ( 50 % ) of these patients after 5 days therapy .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After standardized anaesthetic regimens , cardiopulmonary bypass and coagulation therapy procedures and at the end of the operation , the patients were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups : ( GI , n = 15 ) : drainage with 4 Redon drains ; ( GII , n = 15 ) : drainage with 2 conventional drains .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A pragmatic randomised controlled trial methodology will test efficacy and a comprehensive mixed methods community evaluation and cost analysis will inform effectiveness and implementation of this novel prevention program .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The combination of bihemispheric tDCS and peripheral sensorimotor activities improved motor functions in chronic stroke patients that outlasted the intervention period .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: These results suggest that naltrexone might be particularly beneficial for improving alcohol use outcomes in alcohol-dependent smokers .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Subjects entered a 6-week randomised treatment trial comparing fluoxetine and nortriptyline .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: However , the L-arginine/ADMA ratio increased in patients still in sinus rhythm 6 months after cardioversion .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: after the 2 months trial , there were considerable increases of iron status in Hb , plasma iron and ferritin in the I , IF and IR groups compared with Group C. Increases in plasma iron and ferritin in the IR group were also significantly greater than in Groups I and IF .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the new-method-CPT group , Wang score was significantly lower at T30 ( 3.6 vs 4.3 , P = .001 ) and at T150 ( 3.7 vs 4.3 , P = .002 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Many medical centres use conscious sedation involving benzodiazepines and/or opioids administered orally or intravenously for BMB analgesia .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Neither occupational status ( emergency physician or paramedic ) nor gender or level of experience influenced accuracy of estimated blood loss significantly .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The LDL/HDL ratio did not decrease over time , despite significant declines in body mass index ( BMI ) , forced vital capacity ( FVC ) , and ALSFRS-R .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Thirteen ( 35 % ) nonresponders to previous IFN , five ( 29 % ) nonresponders to previous lamivudine , and four ( 22 % ) nonresponders to both IFN and lamivudine responded to treatment with Peg-IFN alpha2b .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Ultrastructural Z-Band damage increased three-fold following exercise and remained elevated 3 d after exercise but was not different among groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We report a protocol for a multicenter , randomized , controlled , and outcome assessor-blind trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture on acute ischemic stroke .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: To study the characteristics of asthenic syndrome in elderly people after acute respiratory viral infection .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: VITAmins To Prevent Stroke ( VITATOPS ) was a prospective randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial in which 8,164 patients with recent ( within 7 months ) stroke or transient ischemic attack were randomly allocated to double-blind treatment with one tablet daily of either placebo ( n = 4,075 ) or B-vitamins ( folic acid 2 mg , vitamin B6 25 mg , vitamin B12 500 g ; n = 4,089 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Children aged 5-16 years ( body mass index [ BMI ] 98th percentile ) recruited to a randomised trial comparing a hospital-based and primary care childhood obesity clinics provided data for this study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Heart rates ( beats per minute ) were recorded in the waiting room and cast room using a pulse oximeter .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The transient increase in pressures was more pronounced in the systemic system than in the pulmonary system .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This classifier should be able to quantify different levels of meditation depth and meditation experience in future studies .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Only acute renal failure was reduced in the aPRP group , 7 % versus 0 % ( p < 0.014 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The first surgery was performed in the eye with high-grade cataract .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Eighty endometrial biopsies were performed .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 65 patients with inferior heel pain were recruited between November 2008 and June 2011 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients were treated on day 0 ( surgery ) and day 1 ( the day after surgery ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This study theorizes that the self-etch adhesives show less microleakage in the coronal area than the apical margin .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The 4.5-year multinational trial was conducted in 32 centres with 13 219 anticoagulation patients randomized to manual or computer-assisted dosage .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In addition , there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in percent changes in HDL-C , apolipoprotein B : apolipoprotein A-I ratio , LDL-C : HDL-C ratio , LDL-C particle size , high-sensitivity C-reactive protein , and the achievement rate of the LDL-C goal .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was no significant difference in 7-day mortality between patients receiving standard oxygen therapy ( 9.8 % ) and those undergoing noninvasive ventilation ( 9.5 % , P = 0.87 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: SVI and SWI are the most powerful hemodynamic predictors of 30-day mortality in CS patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Design and execution of training program based on social cognitive theory can lead to promote physical activity among women with diabetes II through changes in the theoretical constructs .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: No significant correlations were found between body composition , physical activity , aerobic endurance , and lipid profile .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We performed bivariate and multivariable analyses to create an explanatory model for nonperfect OC adherence ( missed at least 1 pill during 3 months of use ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Pain intensity and sleep scores were comparable in both active groups during double blind treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Vitrectomy was performed in all three eyes and had poor visual outcome after surgery .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , there was no difference in the total duration of colonoscopy and side effects of the medication .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thanks for letting me know. I'll keep track of this.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-06 00:00]\n<User>The following classification examples include important label information:\n\nSample: Oral soft tissue , extrinsic tooth stain , and tooth shade assessments for each subject were repeated after two and six weeks of product use .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: By 2-year follow-up , the back-caf and video groups had less pain compared with the training group ( P < 0.03 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: ISRCTN51279843 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Six nursing homes in Nrnberg and Fuerth , Germany .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The Zung Depression Scale was used to measure depressive symptoms .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The routine-repeat CT group fared better than did the non-routine-repeat CT group .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: At the clerkship end , overall quality of subjects ' presentations was rated by faculty blinded to randomization status , and subjects reported whether their presentations had improved .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: One hundred and three patients completed the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Sixty labouring nulliparous women were randomly allocated to receive either bupivacaine 0.2 % with fentanyl 2 microg mL ( -1 ) ( B/F ) , or ropivacaine 0.2 % with fentanyl 2 microg mL ( -1 ) ( R/F ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At the same time we also examined the blood NO and MDA levels on the 1st day , the 7th day and 13th day .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Low confidence in their own capabilities in breast cancer prevention , overoptimism about the sensitivity of mammography , and perception of breast cancer risk as moderate were also predictive of attendance .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Past research has argued that the CBT arm in the TDCRP may have been weak .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Of 2582 participants , 192 ( 7 % ) had subarachnoid extension , which was associated with larger hematoma volumes ( P < 0.0001 ) and higher National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score ( P < 0.0001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The statistics analysis confirmed a good balance of main variations between the trial and control groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Ergothioneine from A. bisporus mushrooms is bioavailable as assessed by red blood cell uptake postprandially , and consumption is associated with an attenuated postprandial TG response .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The 30 degrees rigid lens laparoscope and the two flexible-tip laparoscopes were superior to the 0 degrees lens rigid laparoscope for all parameters evaluated , with the exception of subjective rating in the cystic duct model and procedure time in the colorectal model .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A total of 281 adult patients ( 18-75 years ) with a mild-to-moderate primary hypertension diagnosis were randomly assigned , in a 1:1 ratio , to lercanidipine hydrochloride ( n = 139 ; 81 males ) or felodipine sustained-release tablets ( n = 142 ; 87 males ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A double-blind , placebo-controlled study was conducted on 30 ( BMI > 25 kg/m2 , mean age 29.1 + / - 1.2 years ) overweight women with PCOS treated with rosiglitazone or placebo for 4 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN64487365 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: They were randomized into Group I -- 23 patients who received placebo and Group II -- 23 patients who received statin therapy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Following assignment , they completed 3 experiments : a no-exercise control , and a 15-minute SHORT and 30-minute LONG cycle bout .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Data will be collected for 24 months after diagnosis ; at follow up appointments at 3 , 12 and 24 months and every 3-4 months at routine clinic visits.The primary outcome measure is patients ' glycosylated haemoglobin ( HbA1c ) at 24 months after diagnosis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: University imaging center and Veterans Affairs clinical research unit .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We conclude that in patients who have undergone mitral valve repair , postoperative infusion of hypertonic saline solutions increases left ventricular preload and left ventricular ejection fraction .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Both grafts resulted in satisfactory functional outcomes but with increased morbidity in the patellar tendon group and increased knee laxity and radiographic femoral tunnel widening in the hamstring tendon group .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: GP assessment of the quality of the information material received for each patient .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Systemic and topical antimicrobials are effective in the treatment of inflammatory acne vulgaris ; however , widespread use of these agents is becoming increasingly associated with the emergence of resistant pathogens raising concerns about microorganism resistance and highlighting the need for alternative nonantimicrobial agents for the treatment of acne .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: QOL declined predictably during ADT .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Between 1975 and 1983 , 838 patients were randomized : 417 to the diet control group and 421 to the diet plus partial ileal bypass intervention group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Intrathecal anesthesia was performed with 15 mg of bupivacaine .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This paper is a report of a trial to examine the effectiveness of individualized self-care education programmes in older adults with moderate-to-severe asthma .\n\nLabels: 3\n<Assistant>Thanks for the update. I've recorded these facts.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-07 00:00]\n<User>These examples show different classes - please note the labels:\n\nSample: Cost , efficacy and the cost-efficacy ratio were calculated for each treatment option .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Of 316 patients , 4 were withdrawn and not included in analysis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The implementation of CNP effectively reduces the length of hospitalization , costs and complications , and improves the satisfaction of the patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Disturbances in sleep continuity are common among individuals with major depressive disorder ( MDD ) and can impact the course of depression and response to treatment .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: There were also significant differences in favour of interferon beta-1b in most of the secondary outcome measures , including delay of confirmed disease progression .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Compared with previous recipients , new device recipients ( < 3 months ) were more likely to demonstrate an increase in knowledge ( P = .01 ) , greater defibrillation anxiety ( P = .02 ) , and worse patient acceptance ( P = .04 ) .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There were no significant differences between the experimental and control groups and between exposure and nonexposure sessions in any of the safety measures .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We found no mortality after cholecystectomy .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: They had 2nd and 3rd degree burns on 10 % to 30 % of the body surface ( BS ) caused by fire or scald , no hemorrhagic diseases , no hypersensitivity to heparin and less than 10 % of the BS burned to 3rd degree .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Diary data showed an improvement in average weekly frequency of all bowel movements over 4 weeks within the 2 mg group ( median 0.6 ; 95 % CI 0.2 ; 1.2 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: During 1 year , there was no change in PCSK9 concentrations in the placebo arm , suggesting stability in time .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Intraoperative and postoperative ( 1 , 3 , and 6 months ) mean counts of lymphocytes , neutrophils , eosinophils , plasma cells , histiocytes , and mast cells in ethmoid biopsies were blindly determined by a pathologist .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Estimated 12-month employer cost savings per non-smoking employee were $ 540.60 for varenicline , $ 269.80 for bupropion SR generic , $ 150.80 for bupropion SR brand , and $ 81.80 for placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A marked increase in IL-6 and a modest rise in beta 2-microglobulin levels were also seen at week 1 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , the data on humans have so far been conflicting .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: No statistically significant between-group difference was found regarding antibacterial activity .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 72 patients presenting for coronary artery bypass surgery .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In patients with previous stroke or TIA , ten events of stroke or systemic embolism occurred in the apixaban group ( n = 390 , cumulative hazard 239 % per year ) compared with 33 in the aspirin group ( n = 374 , 916 % per year ; hazard ratio [ HR ] 029 , 95 % CI 015-060 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Although lesions treated by SP CO2 laser showed significantly better improvement regarding color and thickness of the lesions , downtime and patient satisfaction were significantly better for lesions treated with fractional CO2 laser .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No significant differences were observed between the two groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Randomized parallel-group trial with 1-year follow-up .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: ( 1 ) The single oocyte E2 level , the high quality oocyte rate , the fertilization rate , the cleavage rate , the high quality embryo rate were significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A single , blind , randomised controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Raltegravir ( MK-0518 ) is an HIV-1 integrase inhibitor with potent in-vitro activity against HIV-1 strains including those resistant to currently available antiretroviral drugs .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: PEEP and prone positioning present additive effects .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The purpose of this prospective study was to determine whether diagnosis by using the appendicitis score may improve clinical outcomes for children with suspected appendicitis .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In the control group , the patient received no hypothermia treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients admitted in the department of surgery for elective cholecystectomy were enrolled in the study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Average follow-up was 5.6 years .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring malondialdehyde levels .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Each month , children and parents in the intervention group participated in nutrition education activities .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A university-affiliated Department of Veterans Affairs medical center .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The control group ( n = 46 ) practised motivational interviewing with one another and the intervention group ( n = 47 ) practised with standardised patients trained in motivational interviewing for smoking cessation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The primary outcome showed a mean reduction of 2 .3 days ( 95 % CI 1.9-2 .7 ) in the verum acupuncture group , 1.5 days ( 1.1-2 .0 ) in the sham acupuncture group , and 2.1 days ( 1.5-2 .7 ) in the standard therapy group .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thanks for letting me know. I'll keep track of this.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-08 00:00]\n<User>Here are some examples with classification labels to remember:\n\nSample: Nebuliser output and particle distribution from 10 Ventstream and 10 Hudson nebulisers were compared in vitro .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The recommended EEG montage had greater inter-scorer agreement but no difference in intra-scorer agreement .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Bilateral turbinate intervention was performed in 27.8 % ( n = 20 ) , whereas unilateral middle turbinate intervention was performed in 72.3 % ( n = 52 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression ( HAM-D ) and Clinical Global Impressions scale ( CGI ) ratings were used to monitor therapeutic efficacy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Cardiopulmonary exercise test responses and ventricular size and function using MRI .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Intersubject variation in slopes of induced aniseikonia vs. size lens magnification should be further addressed .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Global QL scores were lower at both 1 and 6 weeks following treatment for patients treated by SEMSs ( mean difference QL index week 1 = -0.66 ; 95 % CI : -0.02 to -1.30 , P = 0.04 ; mean difference QL index week 6 = -1.01 ; 95 % CI -0.30 to -1.72 , P = 0.006 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Malnutrition in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) is associated with a poor prognosis , yet evidence to support the role of dietary counselling and food fortification is lacking .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Furthermore , HAVB is associated with ominous prognostic implications of both potentially lethal arrhythmias and heart failure .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: However , it may also refer to the gradual loss of efficacy after repeated antidepressant exposures over time .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: When both groups were compared post-irrigation , a statistically significant difference was observed in favor of 2 % chlorhexidine gluconate .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No statistically significant differences were observed in pregnancy outcomes for the comparisons of HP-hMG vs. rhFSH or PVI vs. PIO .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: As part of a randomized placebo-controlled infliximab postoperative prevention study , adverse events were prospectively monitored .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After a single dose of fluvastatin mean urine values of mevalonate were significantly reduced to 129.8 + / - 66.2 micro/g ( evening ) and to 118.7 + / -34.3 microg/g ( morning ; n.s. between groups ) , thus representing a reduction of about 39 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The control group confirmed and treated by knee arthroscope , was subjected to debridement , cleansing and hole drilling for reduction of pressure .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In Bangladesh , antenatal multiple micronutrient compared with iron-folic acid supplementation did not reduce all-cause infant mortality to age 6 months but resulted in a non-statistically significant reduction in stillbirths and significant reductions in preterm births and low birth weight .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: More than one-quarter had poor glycaemic control ( glycated Hb > 11 % or an HbA1c > 7.5 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Although this does not preclude other biological depressogenic effects of varenicline , it seems that concerns about effects of varenicline on the HPA axis should not limit its potential to treat nicotine and related addictions .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Acute passive smoke exposure results in a decrease in EXU bioavailability and does not create a risk of hypoglycaemia .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: HIV-1 progression markers , including CD4 count and plasma HIV-1 RNA levels , were measured serially .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A combined spinal and epidural was performed in a sitting position in all groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Secondary outcome measures included therapeutic confidence , changes in disease severity , and changes in quality of life ( QOL ) assessed during 6 months of follow-up .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Regression analysis was performed to determine the role palpation played in sagittal plane measurement error .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Sixty-three patients with acute myocardial infarction .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These differences are possibly due to differences in baseline characteristics .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Time until response to nitric oxide was significantly less in the 20 ppm group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: TFAP2B rs987237 is associated with obesity and has shown interaction with the dietary fat-to-carbohydrate ratio , which has an effect on weight loss .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The improvement appears to be transferable to the bedside of real patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Little is known about the best antiplatelet treatment immediately after ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack ( TIA ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: After having fasted for 12 h , 16 healthy young men were served the individual test fats incorporated into meals ( 1 g fat/kg body wt ) in random order on different days separated by washout periods .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Except for equol , which was formed by only one volunteer , all other quantified metabolites exhibited 2-12 times greater AUC ( inf ) , C ( max ) , and urinary recoveries after consumption of DG .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The group that used VPs demonstrated better results in knowledge acquisition and in some key BLS-AED action skills than the group without access , or those students from the experimental group deliberately not using virtual patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The Canadian ALK ( CALK ) study was initiated to implement a multicenter optimization and standardization of laboratory developed ALK IHC and FISH tests across 14 hospitals .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: A total of 1,173 hospitalized smokers were randomly assigned to either usual care or a stage-based bedside counseling program supplemented with a videotape , self-help materials , and a follow-up telephone call .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was no effect of condition on PPT ( p = 0.887 ) or pressure-evoked pain ( p = 0.771 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The comparison between pre - and posttherapy FEV1 and FVC values showed an increase in the Group IV , but the difference was not statistically significant , while there was no difference between basal and third month FEV1 and FVC values of the group receiving estrogen only .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were discharged on the next day .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The minimum compliance was defined at 70 % .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The addition of nitrous oxide may speed up induction by its second gas effects .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This was a phase II , multicenter , randomized , double-blind study of parallel group design comparing 3 oral dose regimens of MCC-135 ( 5 mg , 25 mg , 50 mg , twice daily ) with a placebo control .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Muscle glycogen replenishment is determined by substrate availability .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: There was an improvement on the mental component score ( MCS ) of SF36 for the exercise group ( 4.8 ; P < 0.05 ) and the physical component score ( PCS ) remained almost the same , while a decrease in PCS and MCS was seen in the control group ( -5.9 ; P = 0.064 and -17.3 ; P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A total of 125 children with ADHD with a mean age of 104.8 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A cross-sectional analysis of data collected in 2010-2012 from a randomized trial at four pediatric clinics was performed in 2012-2013 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Mortality did not differ significantly between groups at 2 years , 4 years , or 6 years .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There is evidence , in both adult and pediatric studies , that effective psychological preparation for a surgical procedure has an impact on the individuals ' coping ability with reduced levels of anxiety leading to better post-operative outcome , faster recovery and a reduction in long term sequelae associated with admission to hospital .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: All patients underwent an acute test with quinagolide : at 3-day intervals and in random order all patients received the drug ( 0.075 mg at 0800 h ) , or placebo .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We enrolled 75 ASA I-II patients undergoing discectomy because of lumbar disc hernia ; balanced general anesthesia was used in all cases .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the neophyte , the initial period of overnight lens wear seems to disturb the tear film homeostasis , as indicated by a significant increase in MMP-9 on awakening .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>Got it. I will remember them.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-09 00:00]\n<User>Here are training examples for classification. Note the labels carefully:\n\nSample: At enrollment , all arms received a written reminder with next dose due date .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To determine the effect of stanozolol on body composition , nitrogen balance , and food consumption in castrated dogs with chronic renal failure .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to explore the characteristics and efficacy of psychoeducational family intervention for persons with schizophrenia in rural China .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This study was designed to analyze the effect on postoperative vomiting of the timing and temperature of the fluids ingested in the first oral intake .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: 5-aminolevulinic acid induced fluorescence cystoscopy used during transurethral resection reduces the early recurrence rate in stage Ta Tl bladder transitional cell carcinoma .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Postoperative pain following endoscopic thyroidectomy , although less severe than after open methods , is still a source of marked discomfort and surgical stress .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This study indicates that virtual reality simulator training alone may not increase laparoscopic suturing skills .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The primary outcome was attendance at the initial follow-up appointment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All combinations provided anaesthetic conditions suitable for sampling and identification procedures in adult badgers .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Prophylaxis is necessary to improve the quality of life but some patients with migraine have contraindication or suffer from side effects of medication , and therefore , establishing non-medical , neuromodulatory approaches is necessary .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Treatment with 40 mg pravastatin daily had no beneficial effect on total CBF .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The apical lead location compared with leads located in the nonapical position ( basal or midventricular region ) was associated with a significantly increased risk for heart failure/death ( hazard ratio = 1.72 ; 95 % confidence interval , 1.09 to 2.71 ; P = 0.019 ) after adjustment for the clinical covariates .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The most frequent ocular side effect of travoprost and bimatoprost was conjunctival hyperemia .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Additional aims include determining whether a ) changes in retinal vascular imaging ( RVI ) parameters parallel changes in brain magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) ; b ) changes in RVI parameters are observed with aspirin therapy ; c ) baseline cognitive function correlates with MRI and RVI parameters ; d ) changes in cognitive function correlate with changes in brain MRI and RVI and e ) whether factors such as age , gender or blood pressure influence the above associations .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: 30 % oxygen with droperidol 0.625 mg .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The primary outcome was the proportion of episode-free days during the observation year .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: When examining individual vertebrae , POWIR has a significant effect on preservation of BMD ( -0.4 % ) at the L4 vertebrae compared with losses ( -3.1 % ) in FLEX ( P = 0.03 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In clinical application , we demonstrated that EFIRM could detect EGFR mutations in the saliva and plasma of 22 patients with NSCLC .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In group II , significant change from baseline was observed in heart rate ( p < 0.01 ) , systolic blood pressure ( p < 0.05 ) and diastolic blood pressure ( p < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No difference was observed in the frequency of any other secondary outcome or adverse event .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Irct ID : IRCT138901172621N4 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: An advance in stage-of-change was marginally significant .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Report long-term outcomes of the NOURISH randomized controlled trial ( RCT ) , which evaluated a universal intervention commencing in infancy to provide anticipatory guidance to first-time mothers on `` protective '' complementary feeding practices that were hypothesized to reduce childhood obesity risk .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: After hemofiltration , heart rate was decreased gradually ( P < 0.05 ) in the hemofiltration group than in the control group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients will be randomised to receive either mFOLFOX6 or SIRT + mFOLFOX6 ( with a reduced dose of oxaliplatin in cycles 1-3 following SIRT ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To evaluate the significance of induction with high doses of pegylated interferon -2 b ( Peg-IFNalpha-2b ) and the predictability of sustained virologic response ( SVR ) in nave patients with chronic hepatitis C.\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Thirty-eight patients ( ASA classification 1 and 2 ) undergoing elective colorectal cancer surgery were allocated at random to 2 groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Subjects were randomly allocated to four groups : ( 1 ) advised to eat two portions of oily fish each week , or to take three fish oil capsules daily ; ( 2 ) advised to eat more fruit , vegetables and oats ; ( 3 ) given both the above types of advice ; and ( 4 ) given no specific dietary advice .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The Treatment of Mild Hypertension Study ( TOMHS ) was a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled clinical trial with minimum participant follow-up of 4 years .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Lunch , consumed ad libitum , also included broccoli , applesauce , and milk .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The study participants will be assigned to wear and not wear their dentures on alternate periods of 30 days .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Reducing television , videotape , and video game use may be a promising , population-based approach to prevent childhood obesity .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: GH therapy resulted in greater increases in height SD scores ( estimated mean difference in change SD , 0.3240.076 ; P < 0.001 ) , irrespective of underlying bone histologic features .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Localized prostate cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Medication-related adverse effects were present in 13 of 69 patients ( 18.8 % ) in the levosulpiride group and 8 of 71 patients ( 11.3 % ) in the cisapride group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary outcome measure -- time to failure of the hemofilter -- was compared using survival analysis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Dual epidemics of human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) and alcohol use disorders , and a dearth of professional resources for behavioral treatment in sub-Saharan Africa , suggest the need for development of culturally relevant and feasible interventions .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In contrast , by 18 months , families supported by conventional CMHNs reported reduced coping resources , increased problem behaviour and their level of depression worsened .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The cytokine , CRP , cortisol , and neutrophil responses were independent of temperature during CPB with peak concentrations of IL-10 at closure of the sternum followed by IL-6 , IL-8 , cortisol , neutrophils , and finally CRP .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In this clinical trial , Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension , we assessed the effects of dietary patterns on blood pressure .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The Veterans Victory Over Tobacco Study , a pragmatic randomized clinical trial involving a population-based registry of current smokers aged 18 to 80 years .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The results of this study support the claim that training in the proposed relaxation techniques may constitute an ideal , non-pharmaceutical , intervention that can promote well-being , at least during pregnancy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: After 5 years of TSH suppression , 20 patients had T-scores below -2.0 and 100 patients did not .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At baseline and after 12 months , right septal endomyocardial biopsies were performed to quantify collagen volume fraction ( CVF ) on picrosirius red-stained sections with an automated image-analysis system .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Probiotic consumption effects on cold and influenza-like symptom incidence and duration were evaluated in healthy children during the winter season .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Patients Eighteen subjects with DSM-IV major depression ( treatment resistant ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: White blood cell count ; platelet count ; prothrombin time ; activated partial thromboplastin time ; and plasma concentrations of PMNE , antithrombin ( AT ) , fibrin/fibrinogen degradation product ( FDP ) , fibrinogen , plasminogen , plasmin - ( alpha2 ) plasmin inhibitor complex ( PIC ) , and thrombin-antithrombin complex ( TAT ) were measured before , at the end of , and 12 h after surgery .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The postoperative pain score of Visual Analog Scale ( VAS ) and analgesic requirement in the four groups were ranked as follows : G1 < G2 < G3 < G4 .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>I've processed this information and will remember it.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-10 00:00]\n<User>Here are categorized examples with their respective labels:\n\nSample: Intraoperative blood loss was significantly reduced with the waterjet ( mean , 70 + / - 46 ml ) compared with the ultrasonic aspirator ( mean , 121 + / - 48 ml ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Following multiple-dose administration , 37.3 4.33 % of the unchanged PF-00734200 was excreted in the urine and renal clearance was calculated as 33.9 6.56 ml/min .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Of the 79 children randomised into the study 53 were non-GHD ( defined as peak GH > 20 mU/L [ peak 24-h GH value and peak arginine tolerance test ] ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: NCT01615237 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: As with any data of this nature , there is some uncertainty in the results and further research is warranted .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The study included 60 premature infants ( birth weight 750-1250 g ) during the first month of life .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Randomized controlled trials ( RCTs ) have reported improved or unchanged three-year survival following laparoscopic colon resection ( LCR ) for colon cancer compared with that following open resection ( OCR ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: No serious or unexpected treatment emergent adverse events were noted .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Bank of America retirees ( n = 4,712 ) , divided into 33 retiree club regions , were randomized into 3 groups and followed for 24 months by patient report and claims experience .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Cox regression examined the risk of mortality and hospitalization .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Thirty-eight patients had the Zadik procedure , and 45 patients had chemical ablation by sodium hydroxide .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These variables may play roles in the link between MetS and weight loss regain .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Fat intake decreased from more than 40 % of energy in the first 6 months to 30 % to 32 % from 10 to 24 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: An electrophysiologic test was performed in the baseline state and after 3 and 10 days of therapy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The first group ( non-suction group , n = 80 ) received 4 L min ( -1 ) O ( 2 ) with nasal cannule while the second group ( suction group , n = 80 ) received 4 L min ( -1 ) O ( 2 ) with nasal cannule , and the expired air was aspired with a Y-piece suction system .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Participants were 245 patients with uncontrolled hypertension from 21 general practices taking part in a randomized trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Treatment failure rates were 10 % for transurethral prostatic resection versus 21 % for watchful waiting ( p = 0.0004 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The acupuncture group will then be followed-up for 3 weeks with six telephone visits and a final visit will be paid at 8 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Platelet-rich plasma ( PRP ) is used to generate new bone , periodontal ligament , and new attachment with a strategy based on the modulation and enhancement of wound healing through an autologous source for growth factors obtained from the patient 's own blood .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The corresponding bracket survival curves were found to be significantly different ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Based on anesthetic effectiveness scale scores , the three new topical preparations collectively performed significantly better on the face and scalp than on the extremities ( relative risk = 1.83 ; 95 % confidence interval 1.20 < relative risk < 2.79 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The objective of the study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of a fixed combination of dry extracts of thyme herb and primrose root ( thyme-primrose combination ) and matched placebo in patients suffering from acute bronchitis with productive cough .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: And no obvious changes from baseline in visual acuity were observed in both groups ( the test group Z = 1.897 , P = 0.0578 and the control group Z = 1.786 , P = 0.0741 , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twenty-one women with advanced ovarian serous cystoadenocarcinoma who underwent adjuvant cisplatin-based polychemotherapy were included in the study , and 20 normal volunteer women matched for age served as controls .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We aimed primarily to compare maternal and foetal drug disposition following continuous epidural infusion of ropivacaine or bupivacaine .\n\nLabels: 0\n<Assistant>Wonderful. I'll remember these key points."]
[{"question": "Sentence: All subjects were treated with a quantitative resuscitation protocol in the ED targeting 3 physiological variables : central venous pressure , mean arterial pressure and either central venous oxygen saturation or lactate clearance .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Ninety-nine children received No OPV0 and were compared with 243 children who received OPV0 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: FEV1 , fecal calprotectin , and cytokine profile in induced sputum and plasma were assessed at baseline and at the end of the trial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , there are limited data on the pharmacokinetics of higher folic acid doses .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The clinical , psychiatric , and neuropsychological impairments of untreated GH-deficient adults can be decreased by rh-GH therapy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Brachial artery flow-mediated endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilatation was evaluated by ultrasound before and after 6 months of treatment , along with lipid and glucose metabolism .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: There were no differences between any groups in next-morning somnolence or ability to concentrate .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The primary efficacy end point was histologic improvement ( a decrease by at least two points in the Knodell necroinflammatory score , without worsening of fibrosis ) at week 48 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A total of 49 patients with NSCLBP with a classification of flexion pattern ( n = 29 ) and active extension pattern ( n = 20 ) control impairment were recruited from a large cohort study and randomly assigned into CSPI and GPI .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The experimental group will receive a multifaceted tailored implementation strategy , including a specific web page and workshops for family physicians and nurses.Endpoints .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: OIR at gestational week 7 , with follow-up at week 12 and birth .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: ETS was significantly associated with long-term outcome in patients with KRAS wild-type mCRC treated first-line with chemotherapy plus cetuximab .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The first and second groups received 400 g of misoprostol orally and placebo , respectively , 3 h before tandem application .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: These results indicate that two formulations of estazolam are bioequivalent and , thus , may be prescribed interchangeably .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of polyherbal combination in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The first patients recruited are compared with non-patient samples on cognitive and personality factors ; an interim analysis of transition rate is reported .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The number needed to treat was 2.4 for each outcome .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Both losartan - and atenolol-based regimens effectively decreased blood pressure .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Efficacy was evaluated in terms of annualized bleeding rates ( ABRs ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The intervention group receives a 4-month physical exercise training programme at a local physiotherapy practice , which includes exercise training , resistance training , breathing exercises and advises on how to increase the level of physical activity .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The objective of the present study was to determine whether a comprehensive programme of lifestyle modification could favourably influence dietary and exercise habits in addition to smoking cessation over two years .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The paper also analysed how many cases and controls were exposed at least once to a particular event and how frequent a single participant incurred in an OOP situation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Increasing RBX dose was linearly associated with greater effect on RCT ( P = 0.03 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The aims of this study were three-fold and were to ( i ) investigate the effect of food ( fasted and fed state ) on the degree of QT prolongation caused by moxifloxacin under the rigorous conditions of a TQT study , ( ii ) differentiate the effects on QTc that arise from changes in PK from those arising as a result of electrophysiological changes attributable to raised levels of C-peptide [ 11 ] offsetting in part the IKr blocking properties of moxifloxacin and ( iii ) characterize the QTc F profile of oral moxifloxacin ( 400mg ) in healthy Japanese volunteers compared with Caucasian subjects .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Treatment with agents that inhibit the renin-angiotensin system is commonly regarded as a gold standard renoprotective strategy in patients with chronic kidney diseases .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Cycle cancelation rate was lower in follicular flushing group ( 8 % ) than control group ( 11 % ) but , this difference was not statistically significant .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The TME trial investigated the value of preoperative short-term radiotherapy in combination with total mesorectal excision ( TME ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients were allocated to receive either bilateral TAP block ( n = 23 ) , wound infiltration ( n = 25 ) or placebo ( n = 25 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Outpatients , with respiratory allergy underwent skin tests and pulmonary function/methacholine challenge at baseline and after 3 years .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Sodium-bicarbonated mineral waters are reported to have beneficial digestive and hypocholesterolaemic properties .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: 288 vital teeth were divided into 4 groups , Cortisomol sealer + gutta-percha and Vitapex + gutta-percha were used respectively in 2 groups of one time method ; while Cortisomol sealer + gutta-percha and Vitapex + gutta-percha were used after 24-48 hours drainage in the other 2 groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Forty-five ( 45 ) participants ( 15 per group ) were randomized and all completed the 6-month intervention .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: PCI were performed after i.v. dalteparin administration ; 120 U/kg ( up to 10 000 U ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Total administered midazolam was 36mg in the control group vs. 13 in the music group ( p < 0.007 ) , pethidine was 860mg vs. 465mg ( p = 0.07 ) and patients requiring sedation were 22 vs. 9 , respectively ( p = 0.003 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The intervention group 's score improved from 55 % of questions answered correctly to 64 % ; the control group improved from 56 % to 61 % .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Anaesthesia was induced with 6-8 mg.kg-1 thiopentone .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: No changes were seen in serum creatinine , haemoglobin A1C or blood pressure .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: A two-centre , prospective , controlled study with random allocation to groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: There were no differences between the study arms in the incidence of serious adverse events during the intervention and the incidence of malaria during the 1-y period after the intervention was stopped .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The geometric mean ratio ( 90 % CI ) for Aropotin/Recormon was 1.01 ( 0.88-1 .15 ) IU/L/h for AUC ( 0-t ) and 1.01 ( 0.89-1 .16 ) IU/L for C ( max ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: There were no statistically significant differences between the two 8.0 % arginine dentifrices immediately after direct application and after 3 days of brushing .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: HR ( sorafenib/placebo ) for OS was 1.06 ( 95 % CI , 0.69-1 .64 ; P = 0.790 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Urinary CTX-I and CTX-II may be useful for identifying individual RA patients at high risk of progression very early in the disease , before erosions can be detected radiographically .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The management of episodes of severe pain in patients with sickle cell disease is a difficult clinical problem .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Although participants remained significantly less depressed at 6-month follow-up relative to baseline ( P < .001 ) , participants receiving face-to-face CBT were significantly less depressed than those receiving T-CBT on the Ham-D ( difference , 2.91 ; 95 % CI , 1.20-4 .63 ; P < .001 ) and the PHQ-9 ( difference , 2.12 ; 95 % CI , 0.68-3 .56 ; P = .004 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Sixty-eight terminally ill cancer patients participated in the study ( age range 42-77 years , 36 male , 32 female ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The epidemiology of penetrating abdominal trauma is changing to reflect an increasing incidence of multiple injuries .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Biochemical analysis included markers of lead-exposure and the level of malondialdehyde ( MDA ) , an oxidative stress biomarker .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This was an open-label pilot study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Three-year SCIT is effective in asthmatic children allergic to house dust mite and allows reduction in the dosage of ICS .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was no difference in demographics .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: No statistically significant difference in outcome was realized through intraoperative optimization of StO2 values in this pilot study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Sixty-six youths received ADL and 111 patients were treated with MPH .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Two economic perspectives were analysed : ( i ) the French NSF ; and ( ii ) the patient ( i.e. , considering copayments which are not reimbursed by the NSF ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The purpose of this economic evaluation is to compare the costs and cost-effectiveness of a targeted exercise programme versus usual care for PwP who were at risk of falling .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: A strong correlation was observed between the sum of the selenium and N-acetyl-cysteine concentrations , and mean sperm concentration ( r = 0.67 , p = 0.01 ) , sperm motility ( r = 0.64 , p = 0.01 ) and percent normal morphology ( r = 0.66 , p = 0.01 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The rate of gout flares requiring treatment from weeks 9 through 28 and the incidence of adverse events was similar among treatment groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Using a prospective , randomized controlled clinical trial , 200 KOA patients of YDICDS were randomly assigned to four groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: IAP was measured in the urinary bladder and gastric intramucosal PCO2 was evaluated by automated recirculation gas tonometry .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Infusion of alteplase appeared to be safe and effective in restoring flow to occluded catheters without need for pretreatment radiographic evaluation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: In this small pilot study a significant difference between treatment at P6 and a close sham point could not be detected .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: On-line learning technology can be used to present curricular material in a variety of formats to stimulate and support student learning in both content and potentially skills-based areas in medicine .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The 18 children were randomly assigned into two groups , with or without fentanyl .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The effects of anti-TNFalpha therapy in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis may be explained by decreased cell infiltration in lesional skin and inflamed synovial tissue early after initiation of treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Gabapentin was effective for the prevention of HAH and had satisfactory tolerability .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Our secondary data analyses support that stress-hemoconcentration , possibly caused by decrements in plasma volume during psychological stress , is present in Mexican-American subjects with mild to moderate MDD at non-challenged baseline conditions .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: There were no differences in the rate or severity of pruritus at any assessment point , or the request for treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The difference is probably partly attributable to longer time from AMD administration to defibrillation success compared with NIF .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Adjusted differences were similar for all outcomes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Other covariates did not consistently predict clinical outcomes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , the feasibility of using IR in CTLS is unclear .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Geometric least squares mean ratios of AUC0 - , maximum observed concentration ( Cmax ) , and AUC0-t were determined .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Significant main and interactive effect differences were found across conditions with respect to specific outcomes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , endothelial damage can also occur in DLKP , especially in cases of intraoperative Descemet membrane rupture .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: These differences were significant between groups A and B ( P < 0.001 ) , as well as between groups B and C ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Cannabis use can be associated with a variety of health problems which occur primarily among intensive/frequent users .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The HR for all-cause mortality was 0.32 ( 95 % confidence interval : 0.12-0 .88 , P = 0.027 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: A protocol-specified ancillary analysis showed 42 % ( Group A ) versus 24 % ( Group B ) achieving SBP 140 mm Hg at 6 months ( p = 0.005 ) , with both groups achieving over 50 % at 12 months , at which point Group B had received 6 months of BAT .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The patients in the i-TRI group had more comfortable feeling than patients in the r-TRI group ( P = 0.001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The multiple regression models showed that being a survivor was significantly associated with one of the dimensions , School Environment , where survivors scored higher HRQoL .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: In total , 93 patients completed all 6 weeks of the study ( 45 patients in the triple therapy group and 48 patients in the dual therapy group ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Clinically equivalent improvements in glycemic control were observed for both combinations .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The primary outcome was the percentage of time that the international normalized ratio ( INR ) was in the therapeutic range from day 4 or 5 through day 28 of therapy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Analyses included descriptive statistics and measures of association ( effect size ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was no difference in pregnancy outcome , i.e. , fetal weight and length , gestational age as well as mode of delivery .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Serum , chylomicron ( CM ) , and very low density lipoprotein lipids , squalene , and plant sterols were measured .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: It has been demonstrated that MV dependence is directly related to morbidity incidence and ICU length of stay , with a strong impact on economic cost .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The uptake of screening was measured using routine data .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: With the same design , 12 volunteers received high-salt ( HS ) , normal-salt ( NS ) and low-salt ( LS ) diet ( study 2 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The total effective rate of the dog days group was 83.3 % ( 25/30 ) , the Sanjiu days group and the daily days group were 61.9 % ( 13/21 ) and 65.0 % ( 15/20 ) respectively , with no significant differences among three groups ( all P > 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Dependent Variable : Number of participants who made a new blood donation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This study demonstrates excellent LC rates with few late side effects with PDR BT for cervix carcinoma , similar to those reported in the literature with historical standard low-dose-rate BT .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Prospective randomized clinical trial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A refinement of selection criteria for patients , optimum injected dose , ideal site of injection , and long-term results might further increase the acceptance of this minimally invasive treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Treatment with valacyclovir also decreased the rates of CMV viremia and viruria , herpes simplex virus disease , and the use of inpatient medical resources .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Twelve parents completed the diaries ( 9 open , 3 laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Participants and investigators were blinded throughout .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The moderate but significant correlations between wellbeing and physical fitness and several blood vitamin concentrations at baseline suggest that changes in wellbeing may occur after long term interventions .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Stent coating with PC has been shown to reduce protein absorption and platelet activation which may reduce the risk of restenosis .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Insulin levels significantly decreased ( p = 0.01 ) for subjects receiving CDNC but not CP .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}]