["[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-01 00:00]\n<User>The following classification examples include important label information:\n\nSample: Six months later these women had gained BMD in the femoral neck and were 0.6 % below baseline .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To explore the influence of cefodizime on CD4/CD8 and T helper 1 ( Th1 ) / Th2 cell ratios in peripheral blood of the senile patients with bacterial pneumonia .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The estimated prevalence of lumbar radiculopathy has been described as 9.8 per 1,000 cases of low back pain .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: One group had 0.5 mL of 1:1000 adrenaline in 500.0 mL of fortified balanced salt solution ( BSS Plus ) ( adrenaline group ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Troponin-T and isoenzyme of creatine kinase with muscle and brain subunits ( CK-MB ) were measured by enzyme immunoassay and ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry method , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Empagliflozin exposure increased dose-proportionally over the dose range 10-100 mg and showed linear pharmacokinetics with respect to time .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To study the effect of feeding 2 forage-only diets , containing either high or moderate CP concentrations on glycogen and free pool amino acid concentrations in the muscle .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The study will incorporate an economic evaluation comparing the costs of recruitment and intervention delivery with the benefits of reduced alcohol-related harm .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Data from fetal heart rate tracings were examined by repeated measures analysis of variance .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Eighty-six percent of the support group participants versus 46 % of the control group participants practiced PFME four to seven days per week .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: These findings suggest that donor tissue culture conditions have no significant effect on functional outcome , but may influence graft adhesion and rebubbling rate after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty surgery .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Adolescents with T1DM , especially those with lower insulin sensitivity , demonstrated a trend toward stiffer , less compliant thoracic aortas , which was inversely associated with diabetes control .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Cardiovascular risk reduction is a major treatment goal in patients with peripheral arterial disease ( PAD ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: A single-center matched cohort study was designed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The ICER was 47 per day of normal functioning gained .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: GFR fell by 60 % at the end of surgery but returned to pre-operative values by six hours post-operatively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was no significant change in group B.\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Reliability of the RPE scales was assessed using ANOVA ( intraclass ) and Spearman-Brown prophecy formula ( single trial ) measures .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Twelve received fluconazole , 11 received amphotericin B and 1 was excluded .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Adalimumab treatment reduced risk of progression approximately fivefold .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This was a within-subject , randomized design study with subjects infused for 48 h with saline ( 50 ml/h ) or 15 % glucose ( 200 mg/m2 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The sum of these two scores would be the total pain score out of 200 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This clinical trial examined the safety and immunogenicity of annual revaccination with Fluzone ( ) Intradermal ( Sanofi Pasteur , Swiftwater , PA ) vaccine compared to a standard intramuscular ( IM ) split-virion trivalent influenza vaccine ( Fluzone ( ) , Sanofi Pasteur ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: In total , 27 patients were allocated to one of the treatment groups and followed for 28 days .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Hepatic suppression of glucose production during the clamp was significantly lower after HF ( 59.4 11.0 % ) than HG ( 70.3 10.5 % , P < 0.05 ) , whereas fasting glucose , insulin , and C-peptide did not differ between the interventions .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We hypothesized that right ventricular global and overall systolic functions are better preserved 3 months after off-pump surgery than after conventional coronary bypass surgery .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: However , the effects of fish oil on immune function after a single bout of exercise are currently unknown .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Patients in groups 1 and 3 were additionally treated with the ultrasound ( 1 MHz , 0.5 W/cm ( 2 ) ) once daily , six times a week for seven weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A prospective randomized controlled trial of exercise therapy in patients who underwent microdiscectomy for prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Before and after an 18 week walking intervention , fasted blood samples were collected and analysed for FXIIa , TAG , total cholesterol ( TC ) , low density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C ) , high density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C ) , and apolipoprotein ( apo ) B.\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the postoperative period , all patients ( groups I and II ) received tramadol using a patient-controlled analgesia device .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Continuous smoking abstinence rates were high and similar in the physical activity group and the control group at the end of the intervention ( 47 % versus 46 % , p = 0.81 ) and at 1-year follow-up ( 27 % versus 29 % , p = 0.71 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Noninvasive assessment of the immediate and delayed cardiopulmonary response to a 2 % aminophylline-based topical thigh reducing cream .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Postmenopausal women were studied by an open randomised study during 9 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A significant improvement in quality of life in terms of the total score and in the Nottingham Health Profile for both groups , as compared with baseline , was found .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The ASAS-NSAID score was collected during 3 periods of interest ( i.e. , the 12 weeks preceding baseline , the 12 weeks of the placebo-controlled trial , and the 12 weeks of the open-label trial ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Before the incision , 58 subjects were randomly assigned to receive 10 mL of 10 mg/mL ropivacaine hydrochloride with epinephrine ( n = 19 , group 1 ) , 10 mL of 2.5 mg/mL bupivacaine with epinephrine ( n = 20 , group 2 ) , or saline with epinephrine ( n = 19 , group 3 ) as a placebo .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Health-related quality of life had improved at 6 months in the intervention group , whereas that of the control group had decreased .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Furthermore , the applied individualized whole-body vibration over time influences the reactive strength rather than flexibility .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Thus , this study investigated the usefulness of combined laparoscopic surgery and pentoxifylline therapy in the treatment of infertility associated with minimal to mild endometriosis .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: After a single education session , all care givers were able to perform PCA testing .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: More than 75 % death occurred within eight month of treatment initiation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To determine the efficacy and safety of initial doses of 200 mg or 240 mg of degarelix and thereafter monthly subcutaneous maintenance doses of 80 mg , 120 mg , or 160 mg of degarelix for the treatment of prostate cancer .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The median stent function time ( i.e. , the time from insertion of the stent until stent replacement , patient death , or study termination ) were 110 days ( 25th to 75th percentiles , 61 to 320 days ) for stents placed above the sphincter of Oddi and 126 days ( 25th to 75th percentiles , 89 to 175 days ) for stents placed across the sphincter of Oddi ( nonsignificant [ NS ] ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Using this as a comparator , the U shape was clearest for cardiovascular mortality with the eGFR < 45 ml/min/1 .73 m ( 2 ) and 75 ml/min/1 .73 m ( 2 ) showing hazard ratios of 1.88 ( 95 % CI : 1.2-2 .96 ) and 1.36 ( 0.94-1 .98 ) by comparison .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Incidence of adverse experiences per attack decreased after the first attack .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Fewer epoetin alfa patients than placebo patients required transfusion .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Secondary outcomes were maternal and perinatal complications .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>I've successfully recorded all of this data.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-02 00:00]\n<User>Here are some classification examples to learn from. Please pay attention to the labels:\n\nSample: We evaluated this classifier in stage III breast cancer patients , who had been randomly assigned between adjuvant high-dose platinum-based ( HD-PB ) chemotherapy , a DSB-inducing regimen , and conventional anthracycline-based chemotherapy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Group A patients also used less ketorolac than group P patients ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Future studies need to explore the relative contributions of education , exercise , home based care , therapist training , and reinforcement strategies in improving longterm outcomes in RA .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The primary end point of time to progression was not achieved in this study , but an improvement was seen in overall survival in both active treatment arms .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To investigate the relation between mortality and treated systolic and diastolic blood pressures .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Cyclosporine A appears to be effective , well tolerated and safe in the long-term treatment of RA and can therefore be used as a first immunomodulatory drug in the armamentarium for the treatment of RA .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: One hundred sixteen tumor samples from 70 patients were available , 70 were baseline and 46 were on-therapy biopsies .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Acetic and propionic acids are produced by colonic bacterial fermentation of unabsorbed carbohydrates and are absorbed into the portal circulation .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: COPD patients who were admitted to a RICU in critical condition after an episode of acute respiratory failure and who , in most cases , required mechanical ventilation benefited from comprehensive early pulmonary rehabilitation , compared with patients who received standard medical therapy and progressive ambulation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In the omentoplasty group , the omentum was wrapped around the oesophagogastric anastomosis after oesophagogastrostomy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients are significantly more likely to make different decisions when given more data ( in the form of five-year survival curves which show short , medium , and long term results ) than when they are presented with only point estimates .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Hepatitis A infection did not influence the immune response to CVD 908-htrA .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twenty-eight patients with PD , mean age 67.81 years ( standard deviation [ SD ] 7.54 ) , mean disease duration 13.04 years ( SD 7.49 ) , and mean motor Unified Parkinson 's Disease Rating Scale score `` on '' 32.59 ( SD 10.93 ) , participated in the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The goal of this prospective trial is to determine if electronically enabled discharge reconciliation will reduce the risk of adverse drug events , emergency room visits and readmissions 30 days post-discharge compared with usual care .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The incidence of adverse events in the group of patients treated with the amlodipine camsylate/losartan 10mg/50mg combination tended to be higher than for any other group ( 27.9 % , 12/43 ) ; however , the effect was not statistically significant .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The median time to disease progression was 8 weeks in Arm A and 20 weeks in Arm B ; this difference was statistically significant ( P = 0.048 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Platelet aggregation time after 4 hours in Group-A was 0.28 + / - 0.57 sec .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Isoflavones have been found to have some antiestrogenic effects , and an antiproliferative effect during the perimenopausal period may be especially useful owing to the excessive endometrial proliferation often characteristic of this period .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In seven cycles , only the oocytes that were inseminated with spermatozoa treated with PF fertilized , in contrast to only one cycle where the oocytes inseminated with control sperm fertilized ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In a prespecified mid-point analysis , the criteria for trial discontinuation were met and the trial was stopped and analyzed at this point .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Inpatients and their caregivers spent more out of pocket than their outpatient counterparts ( mean , $ 201 v $ 74 ; P < .01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Tracheal intubation was successful at the first attempt with the AWS in all patients and with the Macintosh laryngoscope in 85.3 % of patients ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: With the salmeterol fluticasone combination product , patients with moderate asthma can achieve a control of their asthma , which is as good as that after standard treatment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To identify markers ( phenotypic , genetic , or environmental ) of blood pressure ( BP ) response profiles to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors ( ACEIs ) and diuretics .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Tertiary care hospital .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A significant effect for PP versus placebo was observed for all major symptom domains for one or more doses of PP during the first month of treatment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To investigate possible differences between using recombinant FSH ( rFSH ) and hMG for ovarian stimulation in IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection ( ICSI ) cycles .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Gastrointestinal ( GI ) bleeding and anastomotic stricture are frequent complications associated with the construction of the gastrojejunostomy during laparoscopic gastric bypass .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: A double blind , randomised clinical trial was designed in order to detect differences in growth between zinc and placebo groups during the first 6 months of life .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Thanks for sharing. I've committed this to memory.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-03 00:00]\n<User>Here are some classification examples to learn from. Please pay attention to the labels:\n\nSample: Sedentary adults with clinically defined NAFLD were assigned to 8 weeks of resistance exercise ( n = 11 ) or continued normal treatment ( n = 8 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Grating acuity was measured by acuity cards between 35-45 weeks of corrected age and by PL method at 12 , 18 and 24 months of age .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In this trial , we aimed to investigate the effects of the anti-RANK ligand antibody denosumab in postmenopausal , aromatase inhibitor-treated patients with early-stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: At Visit 2 , the threshold allergen concentration was confirmed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The objective is to develop a patient-based Harvey Bradshaw Index ( P-HBI ) of Crohn 's Disease ( CD ) activity and to compare it with the clinician-based HBI of CD activity in CD outpatients .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Two-year disease-free survival ( DFS ) rate was 65.0 % and did not differ between randomized patients treated with gefitinib or placebo ( P = 0.85 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After the end of drug infusion , curcumin and THC plasma concentrations decreased within 6 - 60 minutes below the limit of quantification .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study examined baseline knowledge , beliefs , and risk perceptions among a group of 200 women with breast and/or ovarian cancer who participated in a trial designed to improve decision making about genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The authors performed a prospective study to evaluate patient satisfaction and the rate of complications after modified round block mastopexy versus traditional round block mastopexy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Data analyses included both hospital level analysis ( analysis of variance ) and patient level analysis ( generalized linear models ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The proportion of deaths that occurred suddenly was similar in placebo , prazosin , and hydralazine plus isosorbide dinitrate treatment groups but was significantly lower in the enalapril treatment group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The 60 first mandibular molars were randomly divided into three groups ( n = 20 ) : in the control group ( group C ) , 20 PFM FDPs were included .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The strong majority ( 97 % ) of participants were male , with a mean age of 74 5 ; 123 ( 33 % ) had one or more dependencies in instrumental activities of daily living ( IADLs ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Mean ( SD ) time to successful intubation was significantly longer with GlideScope in the NA scenario ( GlideScope , 38 [ SD , 13 ] vs Miller , 26 [ SD , 16 ] seconds ; P = 0.043 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The effects on dryness and skin permeability of a new moisturising cream with 20 % glycerine was compared with its placebo and with a medicinally authorised cream with 4 % urea ( combined with 4 % sodium chloride ) in the treatment of dry skin .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: We will evaluate the costs and effects of this intervention .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A national prospective randomized trial ( Radiation Therapy Oncology Group [ RTOG ] 85-31 ) comparing standard external beam RT plus immediate androgen suppression versus external beam RT alone with delayed hormonal treatment at relapse was initiated for patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the prostate .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Over the past 4 years , 60 patients received generic mycophenolate mofetil ( Myfenax ) after renal transplantation at the Gdansk Transplantology Center .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Low MRP8/14 levels indicated a low risk of flares within the next 3 months following the biomarker test ( area under the receiver operating characteristic curve , 0.76 ; 95 % CI , 0.62-0 .90 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Fifty patients presenting consecutively were randomised into two equal groups : one group was treated with an elastic support bandage and the other with an Aircast ankle brace .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: During follow-up ( median 22 months ) , the FKB group had a higher incidence of MACE ( HR 2.58 ; 95 % CI 1.52 to 4.37 ; p < 0.001 ) and TLR ( HR 3.63 ; 95 % CI 2.00 to 6.56 ; p < 0.001 ) , but not of cardiac death or MI .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Differences for certolizumab pegol vs placebo in the ACR20 response were statistically significant as early as week 1 through to week 24 ( p < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Caudal DEX attenuated stress response to surgical trauma and provided better postoperative analgesia .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The pharmacokinetics of rabeprazole was characterized by a two-compartment model with first order absorption and with an absorption lag-time .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This noninvasive , objective tool can quantify fatigue in real time .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: 10 sessions of occupational therapy over five weeks , including cognitive and behavioural interventions , to train patients in the use of aids to compensate for cognitive decline and care givers in coping behaviours and supervision .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: SPSC consisted of water cleansing and direct application of ostomy appliances .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Risk rates , Chi-square , Mann-Whitney U test and Cohen 's effect size were calculated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Mother-infant pairs were randomly assigned to early clamping ( 94 cases , < 15 s after delivery ) and delayed clamping ( 64 cases , 1 min after delivery ) by draw lots , and followed up until 4 months postpartum .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Outcomes were measured at three levels : rural providers ' knowledge of cancer management , providers ' practice performance , and patient outcomes .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: For each condition , subjects initially came to the laboratory for a nocturnal sleep episode .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: CBCS-enhanced training may allow faculty to be more efficient with their colonoscopy practice .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Perioperative data including pain score and analgesic requirement were collected .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: LPDL treatments were associated with lower pain scores than IPL treatments [ median visual analogue scale ( VAS ) score 4.3 and 6.0 , respectively , P < 0.01 ] .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Castration appeared to induce hypercoagulability and an acute-phase inflammatory response in cats .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Acupuncture combined with scientific and effective rehabilitation training has a better therapeutic effect than that of the simple rehabilitation training for child 's autism .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: After 5 min of steady-state anaesthesia ( BIS at 40 ) without surgical stimulation , patients received either an infusion of ketamine 0.2 mg kg ( -1 ) or normal saline .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: GLN also reduced CK-MB at 24 and 48 hours ( P < .05 , P < .001 ) vs CONT .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Bone density in the total hip showed similar results .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The dose required to achieve the target bispectral index value was not significantly higher in group C , but group C required a significantly higher propofol dose to achieve laryngeal mask insertion ( 314.0 + / - 109.3 vs. 263.2 + / - 69.5 mg , P < 0.04 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Similarly , HR50 was significantly associated with treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: VFT proved to be a feasible and safe approach to balance therapy for patients with PD .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This was a randomized , double-blind , parallel-group , single-dose , placebo - and active comparator-controlled study performed at a single center .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Blood for herpes serology tests was obtained on days 1 and 14 ; hematology and chemistry toxicity screening was done on days 1 and 7 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Based on differences in the size and functional somatotopy between structures ( GP 412 mm ( 3 ) vs. STN 167 mm ( 3 ) ) , we hypothesized that there would be a less robust relationship between volume of tissue activated , fluency performance , and stimulation contact within the GP compared to what was reported in the STN .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Dampening of the circadian rhythm was better with latanoprost .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Seventeen elementary schools were cluster randomized to A+PAAC or control for a 3-year trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Sure I will remember them.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-04 00:00]\n<User>These are labeled examples for classification tasks:\n\nSample: The aim of this prospective study was to compare the efficacy and patient compliance of an oral high dose of bisacodyl plus water lavage and oral sodium phosphate in adults undergoing elective colonoscopy .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Compared with placebo , toremifene significantly decreased the incidence of nontraumatic fracture or greater than 7 % bone loss by 24 months ( p < 0.0001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There is no significant overall survival benefit for either approach .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Baseline ACE inhibitor usage was associated with decreased follow-up testing ( relative risk = 0.47 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Future research should evaluate OT as a complex intervention and develop programmes from a theoretical and evidence base .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There was a significantly lower risk of feeding intolerance in infants who were receiving the glutamine/amino acid solution ( p = 0.015 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twenty of thirty-two living patients in the hemiarthroplasty group had radiographic evidence of acetabular erosion at the time of the final follow-up .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Among higher-risk subgroups in the Partners PrEP Study , including groups solely of higher-risk women , both TDF alone and combined FTC/TDF PrEP had consistently high efficacy for HIV-1 protection .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Given the possible higher risk of adverse reactions and lack of demonstrated effectiveness of manipulation over mobilization , chiropractors should consider a conservative approach for applying manipulation to their patients , especially those with severe neck pain .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: According to 1 SD criterion , 52 % of control and 46 % of RIPC patients had cognitive deterioration 5-7 days after surgery ( p = 0.753 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In 17,018 episodes with stored electrograms , appropriate detection was confirmed in 17,004 ( 99.9 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Vaccinated sheep developed an antibody response to both components of the vaccine , as measured by use of ELISA tests .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Platelet count at baseline , rapid virological response , and early virological response were predictors of SVR .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Levels of C-reactive protein , interleukin ( IL ) 6 , IL-1 , Regulated on Activation , Normal T Cell Expressed and Secreted ( RANTES ) or Chemokine C-C motif ligand 5 ( CCL5 ) , and N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide increased significantly in both groups ; those of IL-10 , IL-12 , IL-1ra , and Interferon gamma-induced protein 10 ( IP-10 ) or C-X-C motif chemokine 10 ( CXCL10 ) decreased .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 3035 patients were enrolled to IST-3 and underwent prerandomisation brain CT. .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Thirteen consecutive eyes ( 13 patients ) undergoing laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis were enrolled in this prospective study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Twelve participants ( 0.7 % ) had isolated high grade PIN and 43 ( 2.4 % ) had borderline lesions .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Unenhanced T1-weighted , T2-weighted , and gadolinium-enhanced MR images were obtained .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In a model with main effect and a time by treatment interaction , the latter was significant ( P = 0.024 ) , indicating acceleration of healing .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In hypercholesterolemic patients treated with losmapimod , responses to acetylcholine were improved by 25 % ( 95 % confidence interval , 5 to 48 ; P = 0.01 ) , to sodium nitroprusside by 20 % ( 95 % confidence interval , 3 to 40 ; P = 0.02 ) , and to L-NMMA by 10 % ( 95 % confidence interval , -1 to 23 ; P = 0.07 ) compared with placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We conducted a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial to assess the effect of fosinopril , a novel angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor , in restenosis prevention after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty ( PTCA ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This randomized double-blind study was designed to compare palonosetron with palonosetron-dexamethasone combination for prevention of post operative nausea and vomiting ( PONV ) in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Cows were confined to treatment pens and monitored daily until fetal membranes were expelled .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Yet , few randomized controlled trials have tested this assumption .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Racemic albuterol is an equal mixture of ( R ) - albuterol ( levalbuterol ) , which is responsible for the bronchodilator effect , and ( S ) - albuterol , which provides no benefit and may be detrimental .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: To evaluate the changes in intraocular pressure ( IOP ) and pupil size in 12 Beagles with inherited glaucoma after instillations of 0.033 , 0.0033 , 0.001 , 0.00033 , and 0.0001 % travoprost ( Travatan-Alcon Laboratories , Inc. , Ft Worth , TX , USA ) in multiple single-dose studies .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Costs included all direct medical costs .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The pulpectomy outcome was improved by smear layer removal .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Prospective , randomized , multicenter , Food and Drug Administration Investigational Device Exemption trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: VAS on stratified analysis was significantly lower in groupA vs. B and C in patients < 60 years , prostate > 50 cc and those with lower anorectal compliance ( P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In univariate analyses , the CNA IPT scores were correlated most highly with self-reported pain .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Complications were 2 bleeds ( 4 % ) in the STARR group and 1 tear of the vagina in the TRANSTAR group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The number of lymphoceles , aspirations and total aspiration volumes in chest and axillary drains were compared .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Their combination reduced the incidence of PONV compared with placebo .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Subjects were randomized to receive either serial casting or positioning for two weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: About 98 % of the consecutive attendees to the clinics agreed to have the screening interview .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After i.v. morphine , the concentrations of morphine , M6G and M3G and their pharmacokinetic parameters were similar to those we have observed previously , in other healthy volunteers ( when standardized to nmol l - 1 , for a 10 mg dose to a 70 kg subject ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Little is known about the prevalence of impaired renal function and its relationship to cardiovascular risk factors in the Swiss general population .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Intubation time was defined as the interval between removal of the face mask from the patient 's face and reconnection of the circle system airway connector after successful endotracheal intubation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either monthly oral ibandronate 150 mg or placebo for 12 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To assess the efficacy of an exercise program aiming to improve balance and muscular strength , for postural control and muscular strength of women with osteoporosis .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: On the basis of these findings it is suggested that a 15 min infusion of 1 mg draflazine followed by an infusion of 1 mg h-1 could be appropriate in patients undergoing a coronary artery bypass grafting .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>Appreciated. I'll retain these important details.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-05 00:00]\n<User>The following classification examples include important label information:\n\nSample: Both studies evaluated pharmacokinetics and safety .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The differences were not significant ( p = 0.398 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In combination they lead to an even worse prognosis .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Families coping with bipolar disorder may benefit from family interventions as a result of changes in the caregivers ' ability to manage stress and regulate their moods , even when the patient is not available for treatment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Concerns relating to the safety and tolerability of MRBs in CKD may limit their use in a non clinical trial setting .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: To compare the efficacy of ciclesonide ( 80 microg/day ) with fluticasone propionate ( 200 microg/day ) in mild to moderate persistent asthma .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: There were no large improvements coinciding with additional physiotherapy but autoregression analysis indicated statistically significant changes in three cases .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The authors evaluated at 3 , 6 , 9 , and 12 months : body mass index ( BMI ) , glycemic control , fasting plasma insulin ( FPI ) , HOMA-IR , HOMA - , fasting plasma proinsulin ( FPPr ) , proinsulin/fasting plasma insulin ratio ( Pr/FPI ratio ) , C-peptide , glucagon , retinol binding protein-4 ( RBP-4 ) , visfatin , and chemerin .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: However , as compared with the overall cohort of tibial fractures , patients with these bone defects had a higher rate of reoperation and worse patient-based outcomes .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT01584999 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Dose-dependent inhibition of plasma DPP-IV activity was apparent , and the pattern of inhibition at steady state ( day 10 ) was statistically similar to that observed on day 1 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study aimed to compare the effects of sitagliptin on glycemic change and 24-h blood glucose variability with those of the sulfonylurea glimepiride .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Qilin Pills can evidently improve the seminal quality of oligoasthenospermia patients with no obvious adverse events .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The average bioavailability and pharmacokinetic parameters of the two citalopram tablets were as follows : peak plasma concentration Cmax was 35.0 + / - 10.04 ng/ml and 33.4 + / -7.80 ng/ml for Lecital and Cipramil , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Forty patients undergoing elective CABG surgery .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At baseline , there were no significant differences between the two groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twenty-four-hour ABPM , trough to peak ratio and smoothness index were measured before and after the treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The odds ratio for active treatment was 4.1 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We sought to determine whether supplementation of vitamin E ( alpha-tocopherol ) , selenium ( L-selenomethionine ) , or their combination improves arsenical skin lesions .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Patients received fluconazole as an 800-mg loading dose and as a 200 - or 400-mg ( depending on renal function ) daily maintenance dose .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Expectant management for 6 months is therefore justified in these couples .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Plasma phospholipid n-3 FAs were measured by using gas chromatography , and food-frequency questionnaires were used to assess dietary n-3 FAs and fish intake .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At 2 years , the genotype effect on changes in insulin and HOMA-IR remained significant in the highest-carbohydrate diet group ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Time to lateral recumbency , duration of lateral recumbency , time to sternal recumbency , time to recovery from sedation , and subjective evaluation of sedation , muscle relaxation , and auditory response were assessed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: When the assessment was performed using baseline values as covariate , test-to-reference ratios for area under the curve ( AUCss ( 0-8 ) ) and for peak concentration ( Css ( max ) ) after the last administration on day 28 met bioequivalence criteria ( i.e. , 90 % confidence intervals within 0.80-1 .25 for AUCss ( 0-8 ) ratios , and within 0.75-1 .33 for Css ( max ) ratios ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Project KISS ( Keeping Infants Safe From Smoke ) , a theory-driven exposure reduction intervention targeting low-income families with young children , was a randomized controlled study in which participants-smoking parents/caregivers ( N = 291 ) who had children who were younger than 3 years and who were recruited through primary care settings-were randomly assigned to either the motivational intervention ( MI ) or a self-help ( SH ) comparison condition was used .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: One hundred and eighteen patients were randomly assigned into four groups and the following medications were given intravenously : patients in Group I ( n = 31 ) received normal saline 2 mL , Group II ( n = 29 ) received lidocaine 2 mg.kg ( -1 ) , Group III ( n = 30 ) received propofol 0.6 mg.kg ( -1 ) and Group IV ( n = 28 ) received ephedrine 5 mg .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After a minimum follow-up period of 1 year , no differences were noted in the rate of parietal complications .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Mean outcome measures Balance under 6 sensory conditions was assessed by computerized dynamic posturography ( EquiTest ) , gait velocity , timed stair climbing , and self-assessment of ease of gait before and after program completion .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The primary outcome was area-under-the-curve global illness severity during a single cold and influenza season , using the Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey ( WURSS-24 ) to assess severity .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We performed a randomized trial on pegylated interferon alfa-2a ( Peg-IFNalpha ) monotherapy vs Peg-IFNalpha and ribavirin in non-cirrhotic liver transplant recipients with recurrent hepatitis C.\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: When patients perceive clinicians as empathetic , rating them perfect on the CARE tool , the severity , duration and objective measures ( IL-8 and neutrophils ) of the common cold significantly change .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Mean time to return to work was 11 days , and there was no statistical difference between groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Reductions in TAG , associated with increased oily fish intakes , were maximized when combined with lower dietary LA : LNA .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: None of the 12 neonates in the 4-day group developed recurrent respiratory symptoms .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Thirty-two patients were randomized to receive either ivMP ( 7.5 g ) or RTX ( 2000 or 500 mg ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Inclusion criteria were : singleton pregnancy , gestational age ascertained through first-trimester ultrasound , Bishop score < 4 and nulliparity .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Results suggest that a 30-min emotion recognition training intervention can significantly improve emotion recognition accuracy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Ultrasound-guided infraclavicular brachial plexus block via coracoid approach can reduce the volume of local anesthetic mixture .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Paired t test , repeated measures analysis of variance ( ANOVA ) , and chi-square and signed-rank tests were used to access statistical significance ( alpha = 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These benefits provide support for increased use of LAIV in children > or = 2 years of age .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: With the conservative assumption that all those lost to follow-up relapsed , the combined 1-year postpartum relapse rate , 51 % , was 17 percentage points lower than we observed in an earlier relapse prevention trial , and 15 percentage points lower than that observed nationally a decade earlier .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No significant differences were observed in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol , heart rate , blood pressure , exercise tolerance , or insulin sensitivity .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Intraclass correlation coefficients ( ICCs ) of Week 1 mean SFD and RFD ( test ) and Week 2 mean SFD and RFD ( retest ) , respectively , were estimated in three groups defined as stable : ( i ) minimal changes in asthma symptoms , as measured by the global patient reported symptom change question , ( ii ) less than 15 % change ( absolute value ) in 1 second FEV ( 1 ) at adjacent study visits , and ( iii ) changes in ACT scores less than three points for each mode .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Matched analysis showed the sleeved endocervical brush to be a more sensitive sampling method compared with the curette ( OR 2.04 , 95 % CI 0.98 , 4.22 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Study results indicate that bupropion ameliorates some nicotine withdrawal symptoms .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>Noted. I'll remember these details.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-06 00:00]\n<User>These examples show different classes - please note the labels:\n\nSample: Community-dwelling dementia caregiving dyads from the Memphis REACH II site .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare the scores while on supplement and placebo .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Mean incremental cost of spa treatment was 1311 Euro per patient ( 95 % CI 369-2439 ) , equalling the cost of the intervention ( thalassotherapy including airfare and lodging ) , or 885 Euro per patient based on a more realistic cost estimate .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Intervention provided significant improvements in TeP measures : compared with placebo , the AT patients improved in the number of positive TePs ( -7.4 vs -0.2 , P < 0.001 ) and the PPT ( 19.6 vs -3.2 , P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: BoNTA significantly improves UI-associated health-related quality of life in patients with neurogenic UI .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: CRT-O training will comprise twice-weekly sessions of 45 minutes over a 4 to 6 week period , for a total of eight sessions .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The Geriatric Depression Scale was used to screen for depression .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The adverse reactions were similar between the two groups , most of them were mild and happened at the beginning of drug therapy and could be well tolerated .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: More thorough risk behavior counseling can be delivered opportunistically across multiple visits ; doing so is associated with more satisfaction with care .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To study the post-operative cognitive and psychomotor recovery from midazolam conscious sedation , after reversal with the benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil over a prolonged recovery period .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Both men and women can be infected through a variety of sexual contact behaviours including vaginal , anal or oral intercourses .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The mean duration of symptom control was similar in the two groups : 5.9 months ( SD 2.4 ) in those receiving 50 mg oestradiol and 5.6 months ( SD 2.3 ) in those receiving 25 mg .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In group A , microsulcus number and width were statistically decreased , but roughness was not .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Pain of laser application and pain of IV cannulation were recorded on a validated 100-mm visual analog scale ( VAS ) marked `` most pain '' at the high end .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A total of 25 patients were recruited with 1 participant excluded .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: It is unknown whether increased Lp ( a ) is an additional risk factor for coronary artery disease in familial hypercholesterolaemia ( FH ) or whether statin treatment can reduce Lp ( a ) concentrations in the long term .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Mobile phones are a popular means of communication that may provide a convenient , inexpensive means to deliver health intervention programmes .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: In Group 3 , the average time until the first dose of tramadol was longer than Group 1 ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Adequate baseline samples for CRP and DD were available in 332 subjects ( mean age , 67 years ; 57.8 % men ) with mean follow-up of 38.4 months ( range , 1 to 99 months ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In each instance this loading dose was followed by a continuous intravenous infusion ( 0.1 microgram kg-1 min-1 or 0.01 microgram kg-1 min-1 of remifentanil or sufentanil , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Mifepristone ( 200 mg ) was administered orally on day one , followed by 0.8 mg misoprostol either orally or vaginally on day three .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Continuing periodontal maintenance therapy was provided until surgical reentry at 6 months for documentation and any further necessary treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Given the overall low participation rate in validation activities and considerable challenges in collecting high quality data , conclusions about the accuracy of self-reported CRC screening are difficult to make based on the results of this study .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Secondary outcomes included daytime symptoms , safety assessments , and effect size of these measures .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Subjects experienced manipulation of sleep schedules due to working night shifts in a real operational environment , but performance testing was conducted under controlled laboratory conditions .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The change from baseline in 2-OHE1 / 16-OHE1 was significantly different between groups ( P = 0.045 ) , even after adjustment for baseline values .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Findings tentatively suggest that those who complete an initial treatment of 12 weeks or more and have a partial response with residual mild depressive severity may benefit more from augmentation relative to switching .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Spaghetti has a low glycaemic index , but in NIDDM the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Additional analyses were performed with different definitions of myocardial infarction using progressively higher thresholds of CK ( - MB ) elevation .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Noted. I'll remember these details.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-07 00:00]\n<User>Study these classification examples and pay attention to the categories:\n\nSample: There was no evidence for a significant difference ( p = 0.43 ) in serious adverse events between the treatment and control groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Randomized , double-blind study ; 279 subjects received OROS MPH 54 or 72 mg/day , or placebo , for 13 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The clinical success rate at 21 days was the same in both groups at 87.2 % and 87.9 % , CI95 % [ -7.0 % , 6.0 % ] , in the protocol population ( FEV1 < 80 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Two hundred and sixteen primiparous participants were assigned randomly to three groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: When compared to published literature of single dose data , the investigation of CBZ and CBZ-E pharmacokinetics from this study suggested that autoinduction might occur by the fifth day of dosing and might partly contribute to the sigmoidal shape of CBZ-E profiles .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There is a need for cost-effective weight management interventions that primary care can deliver to reduce the morbidity caused by obesity .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: After completion of all final study visits , a single research assistant blind to treatment assignment interviewed all families by phone .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Removal of the uraemic plasma factor ( s ) causing PS exposure was demonstrated by the reduced ability of uraemic plasma at the end of dialysis to induce PS exposure in normal erythrocytes , and by the capacity of ultrafiltrate from the dialysate side of the dialyzer membrane to markedly increase PS-positive red cells .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To compare the visual performances and patient satisfactions of conventional monovision , which corrects the dominant eye for distance vision , and crossed monovision , which corrects the non-dominant eye for distance vision in patients with pseudophakia .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Regression analyses indicated that the control group had a greater decrease in social well-being compared with the intervention group after controlling for baseline social well-being and covariates ( P < .0001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: GP of mothers in relating to their infants in the context of caregiving activities was compared with standard care teaching .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Subjects aged 18 years with OAB for 6 months who had baseline urinary frequency of 30 toilet voids/3 days ; 1 ` severe ' urgency severity rating/3 days ( on the Indevus Urgency Severity Scale ) ; and pure urge urinary incontinence ( UUI ) or mixed incontinence with predominant UUI , with 3 UUI episodes/3 days .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To investigate interactions between strontium ( Sr ) and bone mineral and its effects on mineralization in osteoporotic women treated long-term with Sr ranelate ( SrRan ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Median clinical improvements were significantly better for PDL ( 65 % ) than IPL ( 30 % ) ( P = 0.0004 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At 2 years : DAS28 2.0 ( 0.5-5 .7 ) , in DAS remission : 56 % , radiographic progression 26 % ( wrist + MCP group , similar for wrist-only group ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , data on the tHcy-lowering effects of vitamins are limited largely to white populations .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Lifestyle interventions can result in important long-term weight losses and improvements in cardiovascular disease risk factors among a significant proportion of severely obese individuals .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In patients receiving azithromycin alone , high drug levels were measured in periodontal tissues up to 6.5 days .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were no significant differences among treatment groups in the cumulative incidence of sustained absence of heartburn during 4 wk treatment ( i.e. , 65-70 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The urinary excretion of 11-dehydro-TxB2 and 2,3-dinor-6-keto-prostaglandin F1alpha were measured on 8-hour urine samples by immunoassay after extraction and HPLC separation , both before and after 7 days of drug administration .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In rhinitics , there was an increase in CCR4 ( + ) CD3 ( + ) protein-positive cells relative to CXCR3 ( + ) CD3 ( + ) cells ; CCR4 mRNA + cells were increased and IL-4 increased to a greater extent than IFN-gamma .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The study also suggests that the addition of small-dose CsA to a sirolimus maintenance regimen does not increase immunosuppressive efficacy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There were no significant differences in the mean number of infection episodes between groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Device-reported IPA was significantly lower in clopidogrel-treated smokers than prasugrel-treated smokers ( least squares mean treatment difference : 31.8 3.4 % ; p < 0.0001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Olopatadine showed significant improvement in burning at 30 minutes , one and two week ( p < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This randomized controlled trial differentiated a MS control group ( n = 17 ) and two exercise groups performing exercises on a vibration platform ( WBV-full group , n = 20 ) and on the platform additionally covered by a damping mat ( WBV-light group , n = 18 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Increased life expectancy in men during the last thirty years is largely due to the decrease in mortality from cardiovascular disease in the age group 29 -- 69 yr .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Seven patients reported marked improvement , 3 reported moderate improvement , 2 reported slight improvement or no change , and 1 was lost to follow-up .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After treatment with clarithromycin and omeprazole , H. pylori infection was cured in 71 % of the smokers and in 77 % of the nonsmokers ( evaluated 4-6 weeks after treatment ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary outcome was 24-hour urinary protein excretion ( 24 hours-UP ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Sixteen patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy for benign uterine myoma were randomly assigned to receive either iv clonidine ( 1 microg x kg ( -1 ) ) 30 min before induction of general anesthesia ( clonidine , n = 8 ) or saline ( control , n = 8 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Compared with IFN5 , IFN1 is neither more nor less effective but is less toxic , with a better reported QOL .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Of 1573 evaluable patients , 50.9 % had fever of unknown origin ( FUO ) throughout the study period , 17.1 % had lung infiltrates , 14.1 % primary bacteremia or fungemia ( B/F ) , 12.6 % other clinically documented ( CDI ) and 5.3 % other clinically as well as microbiologically documented infections ( CMDI ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Primary outcomes were the objective and subjective cure rates , defined as negative cough stress and pad tests , and satisfaction rates .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To evaluate pregnancy rates ( PRs ) in women undergoing artificial insemination with sperm alternately prepared by one of five techniques : sperm washing , Percoll gradient centrifugation , swim-up , swim-down , or refrigeration/heparin treatment .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: On the WRAT-3 arithmetic , the frequency of severe arithmetic LD was similar in the Ox and Pl groups at baseline and at years 1 and 2 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The groups had similar demographic data .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Serum testosterone increased in seven of seven men on letrozole .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Multivariable analysis showed that the feedback intervention independently facilitated attainment of American Diabetes Association goals for both A1C and sBP .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Both the frequency and severity of deterioration in these domains were compared between the patients receiving CBT and those in the control group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Nineteen of 30 patients taking methylprednisolone and seventeen of 28 patients taking dexamethasone showed improvement in their clinical neurological symptoms , total effective rates for methylprednisolone and dexamethasone groups were 63.0 % and 60.7 % respectively , there was no obvious difference between the two groups in this regard rate ( P > 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A university hospital .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In spite of the PF intervention , it was difficult for these small practices to implement comprehensive CCM changes .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The current health-care philosophy dictates that new therapies should always be evaluated for their economic impact .\n\nLabels: 3\n<Assistant>Got it. I will remember them.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-08 00:00]\n<User>The following classification examples include important label information:\n\nSample: The concomitant administration of rofecoxib , acetaminophen , or diclofenac did not affect the pharmacodynamics of aspirin\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Common all-grade adverse events across all 3 treatment arms were fatigue , diarrhea , and nausea ( all 49 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were no differences in reflux symptoms or in the development of reflux oesophagitis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The average age was 66 + / - 10 years with a range of 22-92 years of age .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Regimen A patients had the same CNS relapse rate as Regimen B patients but an improved event-free survival .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Anesthesia was maintained with propofol , fentanyl , and nitrous oxide .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients with primary symptomatic , unilateral varicose veins secondary to saphenofemoral junction ( SFJ ) incompetence and great saphenous vein ( GSV ) reflux were recruited and randomized to either 12W ( intermittent laser withdrawal ) or 14W ( continuous laser withdrawal ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: However , 2 and 6 months postintervention , the ImPACT program increased similarity of reports by youth and their parents of youth involvement in risk and protective behaviors .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Thermal welding tonsillectomy is a relatively safe and reliable method with significantly less postoperative morbidity than cold dissection tonsillectomy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In the MC group , there was a significant positive correlation between the percentage change in serum lipid concentrations and that in estrogen concentrations , suggesting that the HRT-induced rise in estrone ( E1 ) as well as that in estradiol ( E2 ) contributed an improved serum lipid profile .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Assessment of lipids , lipoproteins , glucose tolerance , and coagulation/fibrinolytic factors at baseline , cycle 6 , and year 1 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The group with the paradoxical image completed 0.8 0.2 peg transfers , which was less than both the digitally flipped and inverted-view groups ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Results After 30 days feeding , the decrease of postprandial blood glucose level was observed in group with 3 % L-arabinose sample , and the groups with 5 % - 10 % have a significantly decreasing in the postprandial blood glucose level compared with control group result in ( 5.60 + / - 0.08 ) and ( 5.24 + / - 0.12 ) , respectively ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The proportion of patients at home after 6 weeks was 74.4 % for ESUS and 55.6 % for OSUS ( P : = 0.0004 ) , and the proportion in institutions was 23.1 % versus 40.0 % , respectively ( P : = 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Trospium plasma concentration was measured to assess patient 's compliance and as a tool to elucidate possible factors influencing treatment efficacy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Sixty-nine patients scheduled for lumbar disk surgery under general anaesthesia were enrolled in a randomised , double-blind study comparing three analgesic combinations that were started before surgical incision : morphine 0.1 mg kg ( -1 ) alone ( group M ; n = 23 ) ; ketamine 0.15 mg kg ( -1 ) alone ( group K ; n = 22 ) ; and a combination of morphine 0.1 mg kg ( -1 ) with ketamine 0.15 mg kg ( -1 ) ( group KM ; n = 23 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Replication should be made to compare self-help and telephone treatment based on cognitive behavior methods with nonspecific interventions .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Upon recovery of T1 = 25 % , six patients in each group were antagonised with 30 micrograms/kg of neostigmine and 15 micrograms/kg of atropine ; the recovery indices were compared with those from non-antagonised patients .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Failure to improve myocardial blood flow response to cold pressor stress suggests that alpha-adrenergic constriction may offset enhanced nitric oxide effects .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Protocol adherence of participating occupational physicians ( n = 5 ) was high .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Additional studies with larger samples , more intervention time-points , and increased physician training are needed to strengthen the intervention 's impact .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Vital signs , oxygen saturation , and CSs were recorded at regular intervals .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These data may not be generalizable to lower-risk populations .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We randomly assigned widowed or orphaned survivors of the 1994 Rwandan genocide with a PTSD diagnosis to narrative exposure therapy ( NET ) treatment ( NET-1 , n = 38 ) or to a 6-month waiting list ( WL ) condition to be followed by treatment ( WL/NET -2 , n = 38 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: FAct profiles of currently used thrombolytic drugs were not characterized .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Randomised trial comparing 9 months of isoniazid with 4 months of rifampicin for the treatment of high-risk tuberculin skin test positive subjects in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The intervention group received nurse-led guidance by means of five face-to-face sessions and telephone contact over the course of one year , starting three months after hospital discharge .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The LD pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics did not differ between the 2 sessions .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: When a simpler score consisting of the 2 strongest predictive factors ( mitotic count and tumor site ) was devised , the groups with the lowest , intermediate high , and the highest risk had 5-year RFS of 76.7 % , 47.5 % , and 8.4 % , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Both intervention groups improved from baseline on clinical outcomes of pain , self-report function and walking distance , with no significant differences between the two groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In a randomized prospective single-blind parallel group trial , 50 ASA grade I-II children , aged 2-12 years , scheduled for lower abdominal or urological surgeries were studied after ethics committee approval and parental consent .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Got it. I will remember them.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-09 00:00]\n<User>Here are some classification examples to learn from. Please pay attention to the labels:\n\nSample: Patients and research nurses will be kept blinded of the allocated treatment for 2 years .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A total of 670 patients were accrued and randomized .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We investigated whether atorvastatin might decrease insulin sensitivity and increase ambient glycemia in hypercholesterolemic patients .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: We believe that long-term ( at least 1 year ) use of PAP improves the clinical picture of FES and can overcome the problem of ocular irritation that is encountered in the early stage of PAP .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: CA served as the standard of reference .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Two patients in the hBNP group were excluded from the analysis because of adverse events .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: All were randomized either to a supportive treatment only group ( STG ) or to the antibiotic treatment group ( ATG ) of ofloxacin or levofloxacin with a single dose or BID for 5 days in addition to STGs .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The higher interval cancer rate was consistent with the higher proportion of ductal grade 3 and medullary cancers in women aged 40-49 at diagnosis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In cases of disease progression , the addition of irinotecan to cetuximab monotherapy was permitted .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At a median follow-up of 8.1 months , PFS from random assignment was significantly improved in the bevacizumab plus pemetrexed arm ( median , 3.7 v 7.4 months ; hazard ratio , 0.48 ; 95 % CI , 0.35 to 0.66 ; P < .001 ) per a stratified model .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A total of 30 subjects ( 16 males and 14 females ) with necessary arousal , attention and memory functions as their major components of mental practice , participated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We conducted a randomized , controlled trial ( BEST study ) to assess the efficacy of 12-week resistance training on fatigue beyond possible psychosocial effects of a group-based intervention .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Both latanoprost and brimonidine significantly reduced IOP ( p < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The Steroids In caRdiac Surgery ( SIRS ) study is a double-blind , randomised , controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Time-updated logistic regression models were used to evaluate predictors of altered taste perception .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Rhizophora mangle aqueous bark extract ( RMABE ) ( CIKRON-H ) , has been used as antiseptic and skin wound healing promoter .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: 20 people were randomized into a control and an intervention group each with 10 people who performed a unilateral stance test with eyes open and closed as well as the star excursion balance test before and after the intervention .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Two hundred eleven adult patients ( 73 % female ; 60 % African American ) were recruited from primary care neighborhood health centers .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A 12 month multicentre , prospective , randomised , open clinical trial was carried out comparing intravenous immunoglobulin ( IVIg ; 2g/kg and then 1 g/kg every three weeks ) and recombinant interferon-alpha ( IFN-alpha ; 3 MU/m2 subcutaneously three times weekly ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: study population : Total of 1185 CATT patients .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients responded regardless of most recently failed anti-TNF or the number of failed treatments .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The accuracy of portal Doppler flowmetry in identifying responders was higher than that of forearm plethysmography ( 88.3 vs. 68.3 % , p < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A computerized dosing program calculated pharmacokinetic parameters using Bayesian methodology , then predicted how many patients were likely to reach potentially toxic PHT plasma concentrations when their daily dosage was increased by 30 , 50 , or 100 mg .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: ( 9 ) - Tetrahydrocannabinol impaired the performance of subjects ( n = 15 ) in the olfactory test .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We examined BARI 2D participants for 4 years to study how body mass index ( BMI ) was associated with health status outcomes .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The study involved 120 children between the ages of 7 and 11 years in Podkarpackie ( Poland ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Changes in therapy were communicated to primary care physicians .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: 81 patients with non-diabetic renal disease had been entered into a randomised comparison of oral atenolol or enalapril to prevent progressive decline in renal function .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Women used a four-point Likert scale ( ` strongly agree ' to ` strongly disagree ' ) , to rate each target image for ` looks normal ' and ` represents society 's ideal ' .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The present results clearly show a superior and long-acting effect of ebastine 20 mg compared with fexofenadine 120 mg on the skin response to histamine 24 h after dosing .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Both treatment groups had poor survival for patients in the cardiac subgroup , longest survival in the renal group , and significant differences favoring MPC treatment only in patients whose major system manifestations were neurologic ( P = 0.037 ) or other ( P = 0.007 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Rates of BMD loss among women who stopped HRT during or after the PEPI-RCT did not differ significantly from those of women who did not undergo HRT , who lost bone at a rate of approximately 1 % yearly during the first year of the PEPI-RCT and about half that rate afterward .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Deep vein thrombosis was detected in 28 patients in the ardeparin group and in 60 in the placebo group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Secondary outcomes were score change in Neuropathic Pain Scale ( NPS ) , short-form McGill Pain Questionnaires ( SF-MPQ ) , proportion of patients who had pain score reductions of 30 % and 50 % , and adverse event .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In Group P anesthesia was inducted with propofol and was maintained with infusion of propofol and remifentanil .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No significant correlation was found between the fertility index in the GnRH group and the patient 's age .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Biomimetic remineralization using STMP is a promising method to remineralize artificial carious lesions particularly in areas devoid of seed crystallites .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Based on ultrasound findings , patients were classified into shunt-type or stop-type varicocele groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Baseline data of completers did not show differences between both groups in the demographic variables and outcome variables used .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thanks for letting me know. I'll keep track of this.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-10 00:00]\n<User>Please memorize these classification examples and their labels:\n\nSample: We conducted a prospective , randomized clinical trial using 4 study groups who required laceration repair : ( 1 ) children who received standard care alone , which included comforting and topical anesthesia augmented with injected lidocaine if needed ; ( 2 ) children who received standard care and oral midazolam ; ( 3 ) children who received standard care and nitrous oxide ; and ( 4 ) children who received standard care , oral midazolam , and nitrous oxide .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Fifty-eight consecutive patients with sigmoid adenocarcinoma were randomly assigned to transanal inserted stapler or biofragmentable anastomotic ring groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In 970 patients with a moderately decreased eGFR of 30 to 60 mL/min/1 .73 m ( 2 ) , there was a 42 % reduction in major CVD events with treatment , including a 61 % reduction in stroke .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were randomly allocated to receive normal saline ( Group P , n = 33 ) or ketamine 0.5 mg kg1 ( Group K , n = 33 ) intravenously 20 min before completion of surgery .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No differences in patients ' satisfaction were reported .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to compare the use of a synthetic plasma expander , hydroxyethyl starch ( HES ) , with that of albumin .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Academic university hospital .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To evaluate the in vivo effects of moderate consumption of red wine , beer and spirits on antioxidants , antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant capacity .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Six months of therapy ( PYD plus exercise or exercise alone ) failed to improve the IGF-I levels .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Speech comprehension , mental imagery , and question-answer tests were performed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Forty-three patients having combined thoracic epidural and general anesthesia for subtotal gastrectomy were randomly assigned to one of two study groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Recurrence of Crohn 's disease frequently occurs after surgery .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Survey data obtained for these men , including measures of cognitive and psychological representations related to colorectal screening , social influence , and intention to screen , were supplemented by background information gathered from employment records of these men .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients were divided into four groups according to the degree of stone-induced hydronephrosis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aim of our investigation was to look for the practical impact of these modifications .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of molecular degradation that occurs in bimatoprost and latanoprost in a patient-use setting .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This might be due to an imbalance between NO synthesis and ET-1 production .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: DE etiology was assigned post hoc by an expert panel , and those with and without significant DE-related signs were analyzed by univariate logistic regression .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Participants ' dynamic-balance abilities - directional control ( DC ) , endpoint excursion ( EE ) , maximum excursion ( ME ) , reaction time ( RT ) , and movement velocity ( MV ) - were measured using the Balance Master at 75 % limits of stability .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: It has been claimed that the added versatility obtained from the use of more bolts in distal locking is very important .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: We investigated the pharmacokinetics and safety profile of oral ganciclovir coadministered with trimethoprim in HIV-and CMV-seropositive patients .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Sedation by target-controlled infusion was started with 1.2 mcg/mL of propofol and propofol target concentration was adjusted gradually by 0.2 mcg/ml every 5 minutes intraoperatively to achieve and maintain bispectral index ( BIS ) values within 75-80 % until the procedure finished .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Quality of block was evaluated using a three-point scoring system based on the reduction of globe motility .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Of 302 patients receiving sumatriptan 50 mg for the treatment of their first migraine attack , 221 ( 73 % ) did not achieve 2-h pain relief and were randomized to almotriptan 12.5 mg or placebo for the treatment of Attack 2 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The patients kept a diary and were recalled at 1 week , 2 weeks , and 4 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A 30 % reduction in the presence of H. pylori was seen in the group treated with 20 mg daily for 12 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: More parents in the acupuncture group than in the control group ( 28 % and 15 % respectively , p = 0.006 ) experienced the infant 's sleep to be `` better '' or `` much better . ''\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy ( LC ) still leads to significant postoperative nausea and vomiting ( PONV ) and pain .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The use of zolpidem for analgesia after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair provided a significant reduction in the need for rescue analgesic without increasing adverse effects .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Demographic data and questionnaire preferences were also assessed .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Great! I've added this to my knowledge base."]
[{"question": "Sentence: One session and 4 weeks follow-up were required .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The 7-day MTZ dose was more effective than the single dose for the treatment of TV among HIV + women .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: We conducted this study to compare episodic and suppressive therapy for genital herpes about disease characteristics , disease burden , and psychologic impact .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The incremental effect of both doses on stature was minimal [ low-dose difference in height actual-predicted 0.79 ( SD 0.94 ) , high dose 1.27 ( SD 0.88 ) ; p = 0.12 ] .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: TKA with coated implant and standard TKA demonstrated no plasma metal ion elevation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: At 6 weeks , the HIV-1 perinatal transmission rate was significantly lower among those who took nevirapine than zidovudine ( 6.8 % versus 30.3 % , P = 0.02 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The study consisted of a multicenter placebo-controlled clinical trial in 227 adult patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , because of the small number of patients and the high dropout rate , these findings need to be corroborated in larger cohorts .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The present study reports successful recruitment processes from two economically diverse black populations .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Random allocation to either a 2-day community jury or a control group , with preassessment , postassessment and 3-month follow-up assessment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: 22 infants ( mean ( SD ) : birth weight , 705 g ( 215 ) ; gestational age , 25.6 weeks ( 2.0 ) ; age at study , 22.9 days ( 15.6 ) ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: We investigated the safety and efficacy of short-course oral zidovudine administered during late pregnancy and labour .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Subgroups defined by age , sex or by baseline metabolic parameters like body mass index ( BMI ) , total serum cholesterol or fasting C-peptide did not differ in C-peptide outcome after atorvastatin treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The efficacy of DCBT1234-Lung KR was assessed using pulmonary function tests , arterial blood gas ( ABG ) analyses and the clinical symptoms of COPD in a 6-month study period against a matching placebo and a biomedical drug combination ( salbutamol + theophylline + bromhexine ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: At week 18 , response was 73 % ( eight of 11 ) in the ciprofloxacin group and 39 % ( five of 13 ) in the placebo group ( P = 0.12 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: To determine whether a flexible treatment-delivery model for multiple primary care anxiety disorders ( panic , generalized anxiety , social anxiety , and posttraumatic stress disorders ) would be better than usual care ( UC ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: We have therefore compared the growth effect of two doses of subcutaneous GH : 0.45 ( D1 ) or 0.90 ( D2 ) IU/kg/week .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The presence of others enhances some of the subjective and behavioral effects of alcohol , especially the presence of another intoxicated individual .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: A total of 499 infants completed the study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: We used data from the Prevention of REnal and Vascular ENd-stage Disease Intervention trial ( PREVEND-IT ) and the PREVEND cohort study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The mean change in MODS was an increase of 8.5 and 8.7 points , respectively ( 95 % confidence interval for the difference , -0.6 to 0.3 ; P = 0.44 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Significant variability ( p < 0.01 ) was detected in institutional transfusion practice with respect to the use of predonated autologous whole blood , normovolemic hemodilution , red cell salvage , and reinfusion of shed mediastinal blood .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Scanning electron microscopic analysis of PRF revealed the existence of platelet aggregates in a fibrin network and crystalline particles on the outer surface of PRF .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Twenty-five percent of the patients were willing to undergo an operation also on the unoperated side at the end of the study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: To evaluate the relation between serum thyroid-stimulating hormone ( TSH ) and lipids .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: A four-step management technique was used , with patients moving to the next step if the operational goals were not met : Phase I , evening intermediate or long-acting insulin ; phase II , added day-time glipizide ; phase III , two injections of insulin alone ; and phase IV , multiple daily insulin injections .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either atrasentan 10 mg per day or placebo .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Knowledge of the optic disc size allows for a better assessment of the clinical significance of the cup-to-disc ratio .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Of all subgroups analyzed , only patients with N2 disease may benefit of a D2 dissection .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Clinical and echocardiographic data were collected at baseline and after two randomized six-month periods ( with para-Hisian and conventional pacing ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This research will develop and evaluate the efficacy of an online program for reducing obesity risk among girls at risk of obesity and related diseases .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Other factors associated with reduced risk behavior were being > 30 years of age , male sex , not having depressive symptoms , and not using crack cocaine .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The study was performed to a four-period , randomized , balanced , double-blind , crossover design in 16 healthy subjects .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The key secondary endpoint was time to relapse or new gadolinium-enhancing or T2 lesions on MRI , whichever occurred first .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: One hundred and ninety-seven eligible patients were enrolled , of whom 100 were randomized to the prouk-PCI group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Muscle strength increased marginally in the balance group and substantially in the combined group , and this effect persisted for at least 4 weeks .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Despite prospective treatment studies reporting high efficacy , only one previous report has been placebo-controlled and blinded .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of a high-calcium vitamin D fortified milk ( HCM ) intervention on parathyroid hormone ( PTH ) levels , vitamin D status and markers of bone turnover in postmenopausal Chinese women .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: In group 2 , a rocuronium infusion was started 30 min after induction of anaesthesia , at a rate of 6 microg kg ( -1 ) min ( -1 ) ; this rate was left unchanged during surgery .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: FP treatment resulted in marginal reductions in these indices of inflammation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In the single-attack study , patients treated a moderate or severe migraine headache and up to two recurrences with rizatriptan 5-mg tablets ( n = 234 ) or placebo ( n = 242 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Supplemental oxygen can reduce the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients under general anesthesia .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Hilar cholangiocarcinoma is an uncommon cancer and its overall incidence is increasing .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Analyses of feasibility objectives will be descriptive or based on estimates with 95 % confidence intervals , where feasibility will be assessed relative to a priori criteria .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Indicators of treatment quality before and after these interventions were compared .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A large trial of Mg treatment in LACS appears justified .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Colonic manometry studies can be conducted as early as 4 hours following catheter placement with either propofol or sevoflurane used for anesthesia .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: To investigate whether osteoclast and osteogenic precursor cells are altered by rosiglitazone ( RSG ) treatment in T2D as compared to metformin ( MET ) treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Obese subjects had a higher incidence of worsening renal function ( WRF ) at 72 hours with low-intensification treatment , compared with nonobese subjects .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Horses were sedated to facilitate cleaning the prepuce , cutting of hair with electric clippers , hoof trimming or application of shoes , manual dental floating ( ie , rasping or filing of the teeth to remove irregularities ) , nasogastric passage of a stomach tube or endoscope , and radiography .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: To investigate the effect of three weeks ' intervention with a probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ( LGG ) bacteria on global serum lipidomic profiles and evaluate whether the changes in inflammatory variables ( CRP , TNF-alpha and IL-6 ) are reflected in the global lipidomic profiles of healthy adults .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: There were no statistically significant differences in Tg ( thyroglobulin ) serum level either 12 or 24 months after 131I treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The generalizability of the study is questionable , as individuals with the lowest level of education , low income and unmarried individuals are under-represented .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Without reported adverse effects , the liver function test remains normal .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Participants will be randomly allocated into the real or sham bee venom acupuncture groups and treated by the same protocol to minimize non-specific and placebo effects .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The survival trend was similar for both disease extent and chemotherapy regimen employed in favour of combination chemotherapy with SRL172 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Despite promising earlier reports , manuka honey was not tolerated well by our patients and , even when used as directed , did not have a significant impact on the severity of ROM .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: After 6 months there was a significant difference between the lidocaine ( n = 19 ) and the placebo ( n = 16 ) groups for the dimension social support ( median -18.8 vs. -6.3 , p = 0.034 ) , whereas there were no significant differences for the other dimensions after 6 or 12 months .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The objective of the present study is to evaluate effectiveness of yogic exercises in the improvement of symptoms of MSDs of upper limbs .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Sulfiting agents are excreted in urine as sulfate , which is indistinguishable from sulfate derived from sulfur amino acids .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: All active treatments had significantly greater overall analgesic effect ( TOPAR8 ) compared with placebo ( P < or 0.001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Impairing effects of wine were also viewed less negatively than other condition beverages .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Appropriateness of drug use [ measured by the Screening Tool of Older Persons Prescriptions ( STOPP ) and Screening Tool to Alert Doctors to Right Treatment ( START ) criteria ] , incidence of selected geriatric syndromes ( falls , delirium ) and health resource utilization ( visits to physicians and nursing homes , visits to the emergency room , days of hospitalization ) were recorded for 3 months before the intervention started and 3 months after the intervention finished .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: These findings suggest that evening administration of insulin detemir may provide an opportunity to further improve fasting blood glucose targets .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Primary endpoint is achieved urine output within 48 h. Secondary endpoints include dyspnea relief measured by 7-points Likert scale , incidence of worsening renal function , dose of furosemide used within 48 h , and changes of brain natriuretic peptide .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A switch to combivir/abacavir therapy was associated with objective evidence of limb fat-sparing and fat restoration compared with continued treatment with stavudine and/or protease inhibitor .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Finally , we assess a number of potential prognostic factors : demographic and job characteristics , overall health , the degree of physical activity , and the attitudes and beliefs of the physiotherapist towards chronic low back pain .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Consecutive TDCO measurements were taken during each infusion and during a control period ( no infusion ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: All data were stored during 15 min after baseline .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: In part 1 , nine subjects were enrolled , and six completed crossover dosing at the maximally tolerated dose .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Although a dose response may exist for measures of cardiac dysfunction at higher doses , no correlation was found in the present study for low doses delivered to cardiac structures and perfusion , SSS , or EF .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Thereafter , the pumping , semicircular , or single-looping over propulsion pattern were performed in a counterbalanced order .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Few patients in either group reported sick leave .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Topiramate , a fructopyranose derivative , was superior to placebo at improving the drinking outcomes of alcohol-dependent individuals .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Adverse events ( AEs ) were assessed .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Parents of children with special needs are vigilant as their child may have difficulty independently escaping a burning home .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , there are no prospective studies available on the treatment of TIN .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Verteporfin therapy for subfoveal CNV caused by pathologic myopia safely maintained a visual benefit compared with a placebo therapy through 2 years of follow-up .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: We aimed to assess the efficacy , safety , and tolerability of rilpivirine versus efavirenz , each combined with tenofovir-disoproxil-fumarate and emtricitabine .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The L.I.S.S plating system provides stable fixation of complex bicondylar tibial plateau fractures allowing early range of knee motion with favorable clinical results .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The control group used only carrier oils for their massage , also daily .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The accuracy with which subjects could identify a set of ankle inversion movements of different extents was measured , with testing conducted in an upright , weightbearing stance .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Defining effect as proportion of PDSS responders , the cost-effectiveness analysis concerning therapist time showed that Internet treatment had superior cost-effectiveness ratios in relation to group treatment both at post-treatment and follow-up .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Of 244 patients with adherent clots , 138 ( 56.6 % ) had endoscopic therapy and 106 ( 43.4 % ) were managed with medical therapy alone .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Nine children ( 20 % ) from the ipratropium group and 14 ( 31.1 % ) from the control group were admitted ( P = .33 , chi 2 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The incidences of fetal distress ( P = 0.71 ) , non-progressive second stage of labor ( P = 0.66 ) and cephalopelvic disproportion ( P = 0.90 ) were not statistically different in the pre-eclampsia group compared with the non-pre-eclampsia group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Repeat assays were planned for 3 weeks after therapy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Primary efficacy variables were change in nonvellus hair count at week 48 , and patient and investigator assessments of change in hair growth/scalp coverage at week 48 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients with ST segment elevation presenting within 12 h of symptom onset who were treated with either tissue-plasminogen activator or streptokinase were enrolled in this three-part Phase II dose exploration study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Endogenous GH secretion was suppressed with a 25-h continuous i.v. infusion of octreotide ( 40 microg/h ) starting 1 h before rhGH administration .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The participants randomized to the Education Control condition receive access to a static website with parenting tips .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Automated turning decreased PPCs with time but had little effect on secondary outcomes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Data were gathered from August 1995 to January 1997 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Early supplementation with ethinyloestradiol provided no final height advantage .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Osteopenia or osteoporosis ( T score of less than -1 ) was detected in two thirds of the subjects at one or more measured sites .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: From the initial sample , 43 patients ( 48.9 % ) completed the 24-month follow-up .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The group-based rehabilitation consisted of 12 outpatient visits during six weeks including strength and endurance exercises , education and self-management combined with home exercises .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The rate of the epidural infusions was 0.1 ml kg ( -1 ) h ( -1 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Both groups received similar antibiotic and insulin treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The mechanism involved in the synergy between antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors is still controversial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}]