["[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-01 00:00]\n<User>Here are some annotated classification examples:\n\nSample: Resting energy expenditure was determined by indirect calorimetry and skeletal muscle protein kinetics were measured using stable amino acid isotope infusions before and after each anabolic regimen .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The patients were randomized into 2 groups : a direct superior approach and an indirect subacromial approach .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Hamilton and OQ 45.2 scores improved in both treatment groups , with significantly better results achieved in the experimental patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Atrophic Papanicolaou ( Pap ) smears from postmenopausal women may be unsatisfactory for assessment or result in a false-positive diagnosis of a cytological abnormality .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: We previously compared two types of ITA revascularisation in a prospective randomised trial with a systematic 6-month angiographic follow-up study .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Despite containing severe risks , infraclavicular approaches to the brachial plexus gained increasing popularity .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Women with a total hip bone mineral density ( BMD ) T-score < -1 to > -2.5 or T-score < or = -2.5 ( referent , NHANES III database ) were classified as having low bone mass or osteoporosis , respectively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Dialysate concentrations of NaI in fresh PD solutions were different ( 133.3 + / - 1.7 vs 128.2 + / - 3.9 mmol , p < 0.0001 ) ; however , these differences disappeared just after the end of the infusion of the fresh solutions .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were encouraged to take study medication as soon as they were sure they were experiencing a typical migraine headache , after the aura phase ( if present ) had ended .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Lersivirine ( UK-453 ,061 ) is a next-generation nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor , active against wild-type HIV-1 and several nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-resistant strains .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The ( 13 ) C urea breath test was carried out 4-8 weeks after treatment to determine the success of H pylori eradication .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All subjects endorsed 0 days of opioid use in the previous 14 at follow-up .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Rates of excessive hyperglycemia ( > 15 episodes per month ) were significantly lower in the low-GI group ( 35 vs. 66 % , P = 0.006 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Supplemental 80 % FiO2 also reduced nausea and vomiting on the day of operation ( p = 0.058 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Our results show that the most perceptible procedural sensations were induced in the beta and gamma frequency range , especially at 20 Hz , whereas minimal procedural sensations were indicated in the ripple range ( 140 and 250 Hz ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We observed that quercetin , epicatechin , and resveratrol inhibited NF-kappaB activation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Our results suggest that Hydacorn is very effective and safe in the prevention of migraines .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The administration of infliximab every 6 weeks is cost effective as compared with a DEM regimen ; however , the ICER is close to the acceptability threshold of euro50 000 for one QALY gained .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Transrectal ultrasonography was performed at baseline , 4 , and 8weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Functional dyspepsia ( FD ) is a chronic disorder that adversely affects health-related quality of life ( HRQoL ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Children between 4 and 16 years of age were eligible for this multicenter , randomized , double blind , double dummy , parallel-group study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Shedding after 7 days of naproxen treatment was positively correlated to gastroduodenal mucosal inflammation assessed by endoscopy .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Contrast administration with shorter injection duration increased peak aortic and arterial enhancement and contributed to improvement in the quality of CT angiograms , but for the solid abdominal organs 35-s protocol is recommended .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The operating time for osteotomy was longer in the laser group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A total of 119 patients were randomized : 57 patients to BXL628 and 62 to placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were no statistical differences between the two groups regarding sex , age , or age at first glasses .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Across all visits , 26.1 % of women in the continuous use group and 22.3 % of women in the cyclic group ever reported missing three or more OCPs in the past month ( P = .43 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity was significantly lower in patients who received prolonged exposure therapy in comparison to patients who received TAU ( F ( 1,24 ) = 35.3 , P < .001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Randomized clinical trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients had mild to moderately severe COPD ( FEV ( 1 ) 25-80 % of predicted ) and were given 3 months treatment with ICS , fluticasone propionate ( FP ; 500 micro g twice daily , n = 14 ) or placebo ( n = 10 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The delivered concentration of sevoflurane ( ie , the vaporizer dial setting ) was significantly lower and the quality of transition to inhalation anesthesia and of anesthetic maintenance were significantly better in horses that received the guaifenesin-ketamine-medetomidine infusion than in horses that did not .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thanks for the information. I've saved it.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-02 00:00]\n<User>Study these classification examples and pay attention to the categories:\n\nSample: The duration of expected withdrawal bleeding was shorter in the estradiol + trimegestone 0.5 mg group than in the estradiol + trimegestone 0.25 mg or E2 + NETA group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Intrabronchial surfactant treatment improves gas exchange in ARDS , but the efficacy may be limited by increased concentration and altered neutral lipid profile in surfactant under these conditions .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Whole blood samples were collected from each subject pre-dose and 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 24 , 48 , 72 , 96 , and 168 h post-dose .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the future , the patients would like to train with gait-pattern adaptation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The aim of the study was to compare the MMI 30 mg/d treatment with the PTU 300 mg/d and MMI 15 mg/d treatment in terms of efficacy and adverse reactions .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Exposure to an unfamiliar odor did not lessen distress compared to exposure to no odor .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To determine the impact of treatment with continuous positive airway pressure ( CPAP ) on atherosclerosis .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The average follow-up was 5.2 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The Stimulation was applied over 96 hours .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The duration of action , calculated as median time with 20 % or more of the maximum achieved increase in FEV1 , was sustained for 9 hours and 16 minutes with salbutamol 400 micrograms , for 9 hours and 45 minutes with formoterol 6 micrograms , for 11 hours and 22 minutes with formoterol 12 micrograms , and for 11 hours and 42 minutes with formoterol 24 micrograms .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The data highlight opportunities for early identification and intervention to potentially decrease the devastating mortality and morbidity of severe post-myocardial infarction MR.\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Secondary outcomes were changes in the urinary sucrose-to-lactulose ( SUC : L ) and sucralose-to-lactulose ( SCL : L ) ratios , as well as changes in the fractions of each test sugar recovered in the urine .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Caregivers should care for the emotions experienced by women so as to help them decide according to their values .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: All patients had access to iv piritramide via a patient-controlled analgesia ( PCA ) device .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: An equivalent proportion of patients with aneurysm and patients with occlusive disease was in each group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The results suggest that there is no clinically relevant difference in efficacy between peroral and intravenous administration of nimodipine in preventing DINDs or cerebral vasospasm following SAH .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: An exploratory subgroup analysis found that lesions with a greatest linear dimension 4 mm ( the size of the treatment zone ) and a macular volume greater than the median ( 7.4 mm ( 3 ) ) were more responsive to SRT , with 3.9 PRN injections versus 7.1 in comparable sham-treated participants ( P = 0.001 ) and mean BCVA 4.4 letters superior to sham ( P = 0.24 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The cost of PGE1 alpha-ciclodestrina ( including infusion and operative costs ) was 25 % of the total cost for LTP ( 24.9 % for STP ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was a significant increase in SHBG ( 31.1 + / - 1.0 vs. 35.3 + / - 1.2 nmol/liter , P < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: It is recommended that this training program be implemented in long-term care facilities .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The trial is currently in the phase of active recruitment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Growth velocity , lung function , and serum and urinary cortisol levels .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The FTP group showed a significant reduction in ALT levels after 12 weeks of treatment compared with the placebo group ( p = 0.019 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Efficacy of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis ( PrEP ) in prevention of HIV acquisition has been evaluated using a daily regimen .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Treatment with drotrecogin alfa activated significantly reduces mortality in patients with severe sepsis and may be associated with an increased risk of bleeding .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: However , the test for an interaction between gender and therapy was not significant .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: However , these studies have primarily relied upon cognitive tasks that reflect impulse control rather than attentional mechanisms .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The 2 - / 3-year survival rates were 51.0 / 34.3 % and 46.9 / 33.4 % for the UP arm and the NP arm , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Study patients positive for IgG or IgM aCL were significantly more likely to have hemolytic anemia or a positive serologic test for syphilis and less likely to have Raynaud 's phenomenon .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Neither device achieved correction of knee varus malalignment in the frontal plane .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The E2 and E2 + P4 groups were combined into the HRT alone group ( n = 30 ) , and the E2 + T and E2 + P4 + T groups were combined into the HRT + T group ( n = 27 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The incidence of new cases of PTSD was reduced in the intervention group compared to the control patients ( 5 % versus 13 % , P = 0.02 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Sixty patients with diagnosis of renal calculus confirmed by X-ray film or CT combined with abdominal B ultrasonography but showing no obvious symptoms , were randomized into the treated group and the control group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Venous thromboembolism ( VTE ) remains a serious complication in hospitalized patients , in spite of several published guidelines ( GL ) on its prevention .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Estimates of 1-year outcomes were based on the TOPAS trial : mortality ( lysis , 20 % ; surgery , 17 % ) , amputation ( lysis , 15 % ; surgery , 13 % ) , the number of additional interventions required following the initial procedure ( lysis , 544 ; surgery , 439 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The alfentanil dose needed to obtain optimal intubation conditions in > 95 % of the patients was 36.4 ( CI 33.4-39 .4 ) microg kg-1 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The costs of ABC use vs the savings achieved from reduced bleeding are discussed .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Median progression-free survival was significantly longer in the panobinostat group than in the placebo group ( 1199 months [ 95 % CI 1033-1294 ] vs 808 months [ 756-923 ] ; hazard ratio [ HR ] 063 , 95 % CI 052-076 ; p < 00001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The patients were randomly assigned to an exercise group ( EG , n = 22 ) or a control group ( CG , n = 11 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: However , such changes have not been shown with bile refeeding .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality at 12 months , analysed by intention to treat .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Rikkunshito ( RKT ) , a traditional Japanese medicine , acts as a prokinetic agent and improves gastric emptying and gastric accommodation .\n\nLabels: 0\n<Assistant>Received. I'll store this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-03 00:00]\n<User>Here are categorized examples with their respective labels:\n\nSample: To examine the use of a blood glucose monitor ( BGM ) on nursing and medical care , treatment time , and disposition time for patients in an ED triage .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: On day fifteen serial blood samples were collected at 0,1,2,3,6 and 24 h of isoniazid administration and analyzed spectrofluorometrically .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Sixty cases were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group , 30 cases in eachgroup .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To identify predictors of response to psychological treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: A static stretch regimen had no effect on JPS in healthy volunteers .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The present study failed to demonstrate either clinical or economic superiority of any of the two drugs used in TPL management .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In the inpatient phase , furosemide increased urinary sodium excretion from average ( + / - SD ) 199 + / - 49 mEq/day to 357 + / - 96 mEq/day and torsemide increased urinary sodium excretion from 213 + / - 79 mEq/day to 398 + / - 142 mEq/day .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This post hoc exploratory analysis of the AFFIRM trial showed a consistent OS benefit for enzalutamide in men with mCRPC who had previously progressed on docetaxel in both NA - and EU-treated patients , although the median OS was higher in EU relative to NA patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The objective of this study was to compare the relative bioavailability of the US Food and Drug Administration-approved formulation of colchicine after a single 0.6 mg dose in young ( 18-30 years of age ) and elderly ( 60 years of age ) healthy subjects to determine whether dosing adjustments are required in elderly patients .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: We aim to evaluate the effectiveness of electronic reminders ( ERs ) to improve the response rates and time to response of postal questionnaires in a health research setting .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: We studied the effects of three years of dietary supplementation with calcium and vitamin D on bone mineral density , biochemical measures of bone metabolism , and the incidence of nonvertebral fractures in 176 men and 213 women 65 years of age or older who were living at home .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Adding liquid-based cytology improved sensitivity only marginally but increased false-positives .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Persons with serious mental illness and a body mass index ( BMI ) > 25 receiving services in three community mental health organizations were recruited and randomly assigned either to the 12-month In SHAPE program , which included membership in a public fitness club and weekly meetings with a health promotion coach , or to fitness club membership alone .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After one week of baseline monitoring , subjects spent one night in the laboratory with concurrent actigraphic and PSG monitoring with sleep diaries .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Postmenopausal women , > or = 50 years were randomly assigned to a control group or screen group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To determine medical student preferences for learning the ocular fundus examination and to assess their accuracy using different examination modalities .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Prospective randomized controlled trial involving 185 formula-fed infants with birth weight 501 to 1500 g and gestational age < / = 34 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The magnesium hydroxide-containing formulation increased the number of subjects evincing erosions in gastric corpus and antrum .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Retraining gait in severely impaired stroke subjects with a percentage of their body weight supported resulted in better walking and postural abilities than did gait training in patients bearing their full weight .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Specimens were tested in tension in a universal testing machine ( 0.5 mm/min ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aerosol is of high purity ( 98 % ) at a particle size ( 1 to 3.5 microns ) shown to be best for pulmonary absorption .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Mean number of shocks was 1.3 per patient with the AP configuration and 1.4 per patient with the AL configuration ( P = ns ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We found no effect on soda consumption or target exercise rates .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were no differences between groups in speech outcomes ; however , significant between-group differences existed in swallowing and quality of life outcomes .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twenty-one patients received general anesthesia and 19 received combined epidural and general anesthesia .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Raised protein excretion appears to be associated with raised sodium intake .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Subjects were randomized to a MBT ( N = 57 ) or a control shoe ( N = 66 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Serum iron metrics were not associated with GCC , except for a potential `` n '' - shaped relationship with TIBC ( global P = 0.038 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients were assessed clinically and sent questionnaires at 6 months and 1 year .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The rate of thrombosis and non-maturation was evaluated in 43 RCAVFs .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Lumbar surgery and epidural injections for spinal stenosis are the most commonly performed interventions in the United States .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: As compared with normotensive pregnancies , hypertensive pregnancies that delivered at 35 and 36 weeks of gestation had higher rates of small for gestational age births ( 17.9 % vs 1.7 % [ P < .05 ] and 33.3 % vs 12.2 % [ P < .01 ] , respectively ) and neonatal intensive care unit admission ( 57.1 % vs 34.5 % [ P < .05 ] and 33.3 % vs 10.7 % [ P < .001 ] ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The failure rate was 3.1 % and 1.4 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Caregivers in one group ( Comprehensive Health Enhancement Support System-Only ) were given access to an interactive cancer communication system , the Comprehensive Health Enhancement Support System .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: 28 % for an elevated ALT at week 12 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A significantly greater proportion of patients receiving aliskiren 300 mg achieved BP control ( msSBP/msDBP < 140/90 mmHg ) compared with those receiving aliskiren 75 mg ( 36.2 % vs 24.2 % , p = 0.033 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Sixteen were withdrawn , 12 during azathioprine treatment and four during placebo treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thanks for the update. I've recorded these facts.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-04 00:00]\n<User>I have some labeled classification examples for you to study:\n\nSample: Fifty-eight early postmenopausal women attending metabolic bone disease outpatient clinics were randomly allocated into four treatment groups and monitored for up to 4 years .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We performed multilevel regression analyses to examine PAR composite scores by CHC , position type , and number of years worked at their clinic .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We hypothesized that a 16-month program of verified exercise would prevent weight gain or provide weight loss in the exercise group compared with controls .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Healthy comparison subjects were scanned only at a single timepoint , which limits the interpretation of the results .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: When plasma osmolality and sodium concentrations increased ( from 285 + / - 1 to 296 + / - 1 mmol/kg ( P < 0.001 ) and from 141.9 + / - 0.7 to 148.3 + / - 0.6 mmol/l ( P < 0.0001 ) ) and total body water remained unchanged , body impedance decreased and calculated total body water increased from 42.7 + / - 2.7 to 45.6 + / - 2.3 liters ( P < 0.03 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No difference was noted in complication rates between the 2 groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study compared the specific antiaggressive effects of clozapine with those of olanzapine , risperidone , and haloperidol .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The modified triangular flap had the advantage of less postoperative pain and swelling but had the disadvantage of AO .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The median number of chemotherapy cycles received was 6 ( mean , 4 cycles ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Similar changes were found for ilaprazole sulfone ( C ( max ) : 5.90.5 vs 9.31.7 ng/mL ; AUC ( 012 ) : 201.432.1 vs 277.166.2 ngh/mL ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: com ] .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: In Japan , this is the first clinical study to show that fexofenadine HCl ( 60 mg b.i.d. ) improves overall QOL and work productivity in patients with seasonal AR using validated Japanese instruments .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Iris neovascularization ( INV ) , neovascular glaucoma , and visual acuity .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The cumulative incidence of selected complications was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Values during and after the treatment period were compared with baseline data .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Antibiotics ( clarithromycin and amoxicillin ) were given on days 1-4 , days 4-7 , or days 1-7 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This difference was not seen with the EORTC questionnaire .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: These differences were not statistically significant ( p = 0.25 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After a pathogen challenge , calves maintained hydration , had faster resolution of diarrhea , grew faster , and converted feed with greater efficiency when fed a higher plane of nutrition .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Tobacco abstinence was established and confirmed by exhaled carbon monoxide measurements at TQD and at intervals thereafter up to 24 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: On the body half , which was randomized to PUVA-gel therapy , the median Area and Severity Index for palmoplantar dermatoses ( ASIppd ) decreased from 28 ( range 6-56 ) to 1.5 ( range 1-37 , P = 0.00 ) after a median 33 ( 13-49 ) irradiations compared with a reduction from 26.5 ( range 6-52 .5 ) to 1.5 ( range 0-38 , P = 0.00 ) for PUVA-bath therapy .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A significantly lower s-CTX concentration was observed with Glycollagene than with milk and Phoscalim at T0 +6 h. Furthermore , the urinary calcium/creatinine ratio increased significantly more with Glycollagen than with milk in T0 h +3 h and T3 h +6 h.\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: SO-based LE may promote an excess of IL-6 production , especially in the T cell-dependent way of PBMC activation ( via anti-CD3 ) .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To evaluate the relationship between control of four modifiable risk factors ( smoking , non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol , blood pressure , and aspirin use ) and risk of CVD in a primary prevention population of older men .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of weekly treatment with human recombinant N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfatase ( rhASB ) in humans with mucopolysaccharidosis type VI ( MPS VI ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The average operation time was 185 minutes ( range : 120-330 minutes ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Age and body mass index did not differ between groups , but AP was more prevalent in girls .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Subjects were 101 female rural community residents ( mean age = 67.4 years ) diagnosed with urinary incontinence and participating in a 25-week longitudinal randomized control study testing the efficacy of treating incontinence with a behavioral/educational intervention .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The remaining 30 patients received the same dose and schedule of TU as group I , and were prescribed once-daily tadalafil 5mg during 30 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Wonderful. I'll remember these key points.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-05 00:00]\n<User>Here are some annotated classification examples:\n\nSample: Questionnaires addressing issues of quality of life ( PQ23 ) and depressive symptoms ( MADRS-S ) were used .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The fascin positivity was not an independent prognostic factor relating to the risk of recurrence or progression .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No such effect of the intervention was found for employees without baseline intentions to return to work despite symptoms ( HR = 0.78 , 95 % CI 0.47 to 1.28 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A total of 143 patients underwent hemiarthroplasty , after which 70 patients were treated with the AV pump and a second group of 73 patients were commenced on 325 mg of aspirin .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All 475 randomized patients operated upon for colorectal cancer were tracked via a national computerized record-linkage system to investigate survival and cause of death .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Changes in the Bishop scores , labor progress , various labor end points and outcomes of labor were assessed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A total of 111 children was evaluated ; 21 % of those treated with dexamethasone required hospitalization , compared with 31 % of those treated with prednisone ( P = .26 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Neuromuscular function in another eight subjects was allowed to recover spontaneously .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Outcomes were assessed at monthly intervals in a double blind manner , using standardized instruments and accounting for a washout period .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Peak aerobic capacity ( V ( O2 ) ) during symptom-limited treadmill exercise and NYHA functional class were determined at baseline and after 3 and 6 months of double-blind therapy .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Drug treatment is ineffective long term .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Among patients with OSA and resistant hypertension , CPAP treatment for 12 weeks compared with control resulted in a decrease in 24-hour mean and diastolic blood pressure and an improvement in the nocturnal blood pressure pattern .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Epicardial adipose tissue ( EAT ) has been described in the general population as an independent risk marker for incident coronary artery disease .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Primary endpoint : development of pancreatic or peripancreatic infection within 42 days following randomization .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The objective of this six-week , examiner-blind clinical study was to assess the tooth whitening and extrinsic stain prevention efficacy of a new dentifrice delivering 1.0 % hydrogen peroxide , 0.243 % sodium fluoride , and sodium tripolyphosphate in a high-cleaning silica base ( Test Dentifrice ) relative to that of a commercially available hexametaphosphate-containing whitening dentifrice ( Positive Control Dentifrice ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: However , the optimal treatment duration for its use in the treatment of tinea capitis caused by Microsporum species has not yet been determined .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Incidence and cause of suspected or proven infection .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Lastly , to assess the needle-free system for clinical acceptability and ease of use during migraine attacks .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: After 12 weeks the garlic treated group ( n = 33 ) had a significant reduction in total cholesterol ( -28 mg/dl , - 12.03 % P = < 0.001 ) , LDL - C ( -30 mg/dl , - 17.99 % P = < 0.001 ) while the placebo treated group ( n = 32 ) had a non significant decrease in total cholesterol ( - 2 mg/dl , - 0.9 % p = ns ) and LDL-C ( -3 mg/dl , -1.6 % p = ns ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Several studies have shown the ineffectiveness of prolonged periods of bed rest .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: We investigated whether insulin treatment-induced weight gain was accompanied by increased cardiovascular ( CV ) mortality and morbidity in the second Diabetes Insulin Glucose in Acute Myocardial Infarction ( DIGAMI 2 ) study .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Thyrotropin levels above the 97.5 th percentile , free T ( 4 ) levels below the 2.5 th percentile , or both were considered a positive screening result .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To compare the thrombosis rate , ease of insertion , bleeding rate , and complications of a nontapered peripherally inserted central catheter ( PICC ) versus a reverse tapered PICC .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Early surgery , minimal narcotic analgesia , intense daily therapy and close monitoring of patient needs via a multidisciplinary approach versus routine hospital management .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The vandetanib arm proceeded to the second stage , and recruited a total of 75 patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The Singh Indexes of both uninjured and injured femoral necks were used to judge the osteoporosis levels before operation and one year after the operation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Antibiotic prophylaxis for 1 day in CABG surgery was associated with similar rates of postoperative infection compared with antibiotic prophylaxis of 3 days .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: 500 micrograms iodine caused the most antibody reaction in 14.8 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Appetite , health-related quality of life , and adverse effects were measured at baseline and 20 , 42 , and 63 days .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Each infant was randomly assigned to 24 hours of formula feeding followed by 24 hours of breast milk or the reverse .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Percutaneous coronary intervention procedures were fully protected with balloon-based distal protection in all patients of the protection group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Conjunctival autografting for primary and recurrent pterygium is effective in reducing pterygium recurrence compared with bare sclera excision .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients took the study medication every eight hours .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We investigated the effect of intracoronary administration of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells ( BMC ) within 7 days after successful reperfusion therapy for AMI , on early ( within 4 months ) LV remodelling processes assessed by quantitative LV angiography .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 47 ( 8 % ) children on clinically driven monitoring versus 39 ( 7 % ) on routine laboratory monitoring had a new WHO stage 4 event or died ( hazard ratio [ HR ] 113 , 95 % CI 073-173 , p = 059 ; non-inferiority criterion met ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Overweight adults ( body mass index 25-49 .9 kg/m ( 2 ) ; age 18-65 y , 19 % non-white , and 27 % men ) were randomized to a low-fat , low-glycemic index diet : vegan ( n = 12 ) , vegetarian ( n = 13 ) , pesco-vegetarian ( n = 13 ) , semi-vegetarian ( n = 13 ) , or omnivorous ( n = 12 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In initial Q-wave anterior myocardial infarction , we conclude that even with late reperfusion , PTCA had beneficial effects on cardiac events over the 5-year period after myocardial infarction , with the prevention of left ventricular dilation after myocardial infarction being a possible mechanism .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Future investigations should investigate this intervention with larger samples and with expanded measures of parent smoking behavior .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Six months after the course , this course was rated as clinically useful by 96.4 % of the participants , and 38.1 % stated that they would volunteer again in further teaching activities .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The lowering of standing blood pressure seen in men with a high calcium intake is accompanied by a decrease in cytosolic free platelet calcium and total erythrocyte calcium , by a reduction in intraplatelet and intra-erythrocyte sodium concentration and erythrocyte membrane cholesterol and by an increase in the activity of the erythrocyte and platelet sodium-pump .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Frequency of ANA positivity was comparable to the previously reported values in IgAD children which was not affected by OM-85 BV usage .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>I've successfully recorded all of this data.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-06 00:00]\n<User>Study these classification examples and pay attention to the categories:\n\nSample: Insight into these matters may give valuable information to counteract staff problems , facilitate implementation in long term , and hence improve the benefits of nutrition interventions .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A Classification and Regression Tree analysis was undertaken to derive two decision trees for the success of misoprostol treatment on study days 3 and 8 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Treatment equivalence was determined using confidence interval analysis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Subjects were randomized to the conventional syringe or a safety technology , the reciprocating procedure device ( RPD ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Among participants in the no treatment group , increases in vasovagal symptoms were associated with decreases in donor return but only among people who expressed some fear of blood draws .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Sides of the face were randomized to receive treatment with a fractional laser or a PDL for a total of three treatments at 4-week intervals .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Two blinded pediatric musculoskeletal radiologists performed a semiquantitative analysis of the conventional MR images using the bone marrow burden score and modified Spanish MRI score .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To evaluate the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy ( ACT ) in locally advanced rectal cancer ( LARC ) after neoadjuvant chemoradiation ( NACT-RT ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Viral load was reduced while participants received ART ; control patients maintained viral load at baseline levels .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We assessed the ability of armodafinil to improve wakefulness and cognition and reduce fatigue in this population .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The bootstrap corrected concordance index of the nomogram was 0.63 and it showed good calibration .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Sleep studies were performed and measurements of diurnal sleepiness were obtained at each visit .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This intraluminal biodegradable drain is stapled to the anastomosis with a circular stapler and prevents extravasation of intracolonic content in case of an anastomotic dehiscence.The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the C-seal in reducing anastomotic leakage in stapled colorectal anastomoses , as assessed by anastomotic leakage leading to invasive treatment within 30 days postoperative .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This may be due to the multi-factorial origin of low back pain .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: In measures of trait anxiety , worry , and depression , however , CBT was found to be superior .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients in the general anesthesia group spent , on average , more time postoperatively than patients in the group that received local anesthesia with MAC in the outpatient surgery center until same-day discharge ( P = .02 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We explored the acute effects on arterial blood gases and spirometry of two doses of indacaterol Breezhaler ( 150 and 300g ) in 12 patients hospitalised because of an AECOPD in 2 non-consecutive days under open-label , randomized , crossover conditions , with blind evaluation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Eight male extensive metabolizers ( EMs ) and five male poor metabolizers ( PMs ) of debrisoquin .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Compared to placebo ( no effect ) , propranolol decreased PPG ( 14.4 + / - 5.6 versus 11.1 + / - 5.5 ; -23 % + / - 11 % ; P < 0.001 ) and HR ( P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 11.2 % ( 14 cases ) of the puerperae had been informed about this disease when they were under 20 , 39.5 % ( 49 cases ) between 20 and 35 years old , and 0.80 % ( 1 case ) after 36 years old .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Side effects were minimal with both drugs , the most frequent side effect being systemic hypotension , which was induced by sodium nitroprusside in 7 % of the patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were 60 patients ( 21 % ; 95 % CI : 17-26 % ) in whom the initial eradication attempt was unsuccessful .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The purpose of this study was to assess whether a surgical skills simulator laboratory improves resident knowledge and operative performance of laparoscopic tubal ligation .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: There was no significant difference in visual acuity between the two IOL types under physiological pupil conditions and also not after pupil dilation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: NNRTI drug-resistance mutations were observed in a relatively high proportion of patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Adherence to a MeDiet was associated to an improvement in plasma BDNF concentrations in individuals with depression .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Plasma midazolam concentrations were obtained before dosing and at 5 , 30 , 60 , 120 , 240 , 300 , and 360 minutes after dosing and were assayed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were no statistically significant differences in the fetal body weight , Apgar score , preterm labor , and hospitalization day between the two groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We undertook a descriptive analysis of reasons reported by physicians for nonperformance of CDE in a nested sample of patients with positive fecal occult blood test ( FOBT ) results from a randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate the impact of a physician intervention ( CDE reminder-feedback and educational outreach ) on recommendation and performance rates in primary care practices .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: It is commonly treated with the insecticides ivermectin and permethrin .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Training resulted in increases in peak oxygen uptake ( VO2 ) ( 21.7 + / - 4 mL/kg/min to 25.3 + / - 5 mL/kg/min , P < .05 ) and VO2 at the lactate threshold ( 12.8 + / - 4 mL/kg/min to 19.0 + / - 5 mL/kg/min , P < .01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Linear regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of persistent fatigue .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Ten healthy volunteers were enrolled in our department .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Left ventricular ejection fraction was higher for the recipients of the bicaval technique up to the most recent measurement ( P = .005 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Cure rates were evaluated by ( 13 ) C-urea breath test .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The primary efficacy analysis was performed using data from all patients who received at least one dose of correct study medication , had at least one efficacy assessment , and no protocol violations at treatment start ( CLD group , n = 122 ; LD group , n = 125 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Headache response , achieved if pain intensity was reduced from severe or moderate at baseline to mild or no pain at 2 hours ; and disability time per treated attack at 4 hours for all 6 attacks , compared among the 3 groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In two studies of myocardial infarction patients ( N = 494 and 1,972 ) , the Beck Depression Inventory was used to determine the dimensional structure of depressive symptoms following myocardial infarction .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Analysis of the caries data revealed no significant difference between test and control groups for any of the parameters examined .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Moreover , the improvements in the symptoms , signs , liver function , blood lipids and iconographic indices in the treated group were favorable with no serious adverse reactions .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The hypothesis was that benefits would be neighbourhood-wide , and not restricted to intervention participants .\n\nLabels: 0\n<Assistant>Excellent. I've documented all of this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-07 00:00]\n<User>The following classification examples include important label information:\n\nSample: Doses were adjusted according to therapeutic need .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Long-term health benefits will depend on the ability of people to make long-lasting dietary changes and the increased availability of lower-sodium foods .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Pioglitazone was also associated with a significantly improved lipid profile , suggesting a reduction in risk of coronary heart disease .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The responder rates were 33.3 % and 32.6 % in the HA and placebo groups , respectively ( P = 0.94 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Ninety-six patients who failed a standard dose of lansoprazole ( 30 mg once daily ) , were enrolled in a prospective fashion from three VA medical centres and were randomized to receive 6 weeks of either omeprazole 40 mg daily or lansoprazole 30 mg twice daily .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At 1-year follow-up , medical and surgical therapy groups had survival rates of 80 % and 83 % , respectively ( P = NS ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: ACTRN12613000585729 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: To test the robustness of model results , we will vary the assumptions over a plausible range in sensitivity analyses .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Thirty patients were treated with underarm braces .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: : I.\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Independent of the treatment group , approximately 30 % of the dose was recovered in excreta as free compound or conjugates over the 48-h observation period .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After RP , 307 men achieved an undetectable PSA ( arms A + B ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Whereas recorded mortality was greater in the galantamine group than in the placebo group in the original per-protocol assessment , a post hoc analysis of the cohort was consistent with no increased risk .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: CD68 , MCP-1 , MIP-1alpha , MMP-1 , MMP-3 , TIMP-1 , and TIMP-2 immunostaining was observed in all synovial membranes .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Plasma CRP levels in CKD and HD patients were positively correlated with plasma urea levels ( r :0,437 , P < 0,001 ) and duration of dialysis ( r :0,370 , P < 0.01 ) , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Health economic analysis indicated a high level of uncertainty .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Participants were randomly assigned in a 1ratio1 ratio to receive intradermal ( i.d. ) vaccination with live attenuated yellow fever 17D vaccine at a reduced dose ( 1/5 ( th ) ; 0.1 mL ) or the conventional subcutaneous ( s.c. ) vaccination ( 0.5 mL ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The 30-day incidence of disabling stroke or death was 1.5 % after endarterectomy ( 95 % CI , 0.5 to 4.2 ) and 3.4 % after stenting ( 95 % CI , 1.7 to 6.7 ) ; the relative risk was 2.2 ( 95 % CI , 0.7 to 7.2 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The mean difference in the level of FSH between baseline and 2 months among the three groups was significantly different ( P = .02 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Teaching patients with rheumatic diseases to cope actively with their problems had positive impacts .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The mean pain score during the next 4 days was 2.84 in relaxed position and 5.65 with activity .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Treatment with AM3 significantly restored the PBMC proliferative response to polyclonal mitogens and significantly promoted stimulated IFN-gamma production in these patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: These effects are similar to those of ANP , but the plasma half-life and volume of distribution of BNP are considerably greater than those of atrial natriuretic peptide .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The groups were well matched at baseline .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: While continuing their clozapine therapy , subjects were randomly assigned to receive either risperidone 3 mg daily or placebo for 8 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Mean body mass 30.5 + / - SD 8.6 kg and mean age 4.2 + / - 2.6 years .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Regeneration of lost periodontal tissues is considered to be one of the most challenging aspects of periodontal therapy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Postoperative intensive care unit at the German Heart Institute Berlin .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In studies designed with a washout period at the end of the study , after treatment with a cholinesterase inhibitor is discontinued , the cognitive benefits of therapy are no longer apparent following washout .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Phase III examined the effects of a combination of LPA treatment followed by 23.4 % hypertonic saline sclerotherapy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Renal function measures also implied comparability of the two treatments .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No evidence of significant drug accumulation in respiratory secretions with repeat dosing of TSI was seen .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Fibre supplementation led to a 4 % reduction in android fat to gynoid fat ratio ( p = 0.019 ) , as well as a 0.12 mmol/l ( 6 % ) reduction in LDL cholesterol ( p = 0.042 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A prospective randomized study was carried out in two groups of patients : 1 ) prophylaxis with antacids and H2 blockers ( AA+H 2 ) and 2 ) prophylaxis with sucralfate .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Efficacy was assessed by the patients ' responses to the 15-question International Index of Erectile Function ( IIEF ) , to questions on the event log of sexual activity , and to the global efficacy assessment question concerning improvement in erections .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Topotecan and cytarabine induced high CR rates in unselected patients with MDSs and CMML , particularly among patients with poor-prognosis cytogenetics and secondary MDSs .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Type 2 diabetic insulin-requiring participants in action stages were more likely to be married .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Sensitivity and specificity were 60.9 % and 100 % , respectively , in the standard TBNA group , and 83.3 % and 100 % , respectively , in the EBUS-guided TBNA group ( absolute increase in sensitivity , 22.5 % ; p = 0.085 ; 95 % CI , 3.2 to 44.9 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Many patients with diabetes use mixtures of fast-acting ( regular human ) insulin and intermediate-acting ( neutral protamine Hagedorn [ NPH ] ) insulin to control their blood glucose levels .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Multivariable analysis revealed a marginal interaction between treatment group and weight such that heavier subjects receiving magnesium were less likely to have cognitive deficit ( P = 0.06 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To compare the efficacy of bimatoprost and travoprost on intraocular pressure ( IOP ) reduction in an Egyptian population .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: rhIL-12 dosed twice weekly at < or = 100 ng/kg was well tolerated in HIV-infected patients and resulted in dose-related increases in serum neopterin ( possibly reflecting the effect of some degree of IFNgamma induction ) .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The subtle effects of the messages did not modify the glucose enhancement .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Both Viscoat and VisThesia have similar safety profile during intra - and post-operative period and identical endothelial protection , as endothelial cell loss is within normal limits .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This approach might be used in other efforts to improve ED care .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Some claim that food sensitivities can best be identified by intradermal injection of extracts of the suspected allergens to reproduce the associated symptoms .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Yet , no significant difference was found between the 2 different corticosteroid dose groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>I understand. I'll keep this in mind.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-08 00:00]\n<User>I'm providing classification data with labels for your reference:\n\nSample: These findings , which will require replication , suggest that pretreatment assessment of heat pain sensitivity might prove useful in identifying those patients most likely to respond to opioids .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The combined end point of fatal coronary events and fatal cerebrovascular events occurred in 1 patient ( stroke ) in the aspirin group and 10 patients ( 5 fatal myocardial infarctions and 5 fatal strokes ) in the nonaspirin group ( HR , 0.10 ; 95 % CI , 0.01-0 .79 ; P = .0037 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The diets did not differ in their effect on weight loss in women .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Carboxypeptidase B activation peptide ( CAPAP ) levels were taken at regular intervals .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Light microscopic examination of punch biopsies obtained from 10 wounds on post-operative day 6 demonstrated that nine wounds treated with the alginate dressing compared with seven wounds treated conventionally with paraffin-impregnated gauze ( Jelonet ) were completely epithelialized , a statistically non-significant difference ( P = 0.46 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Intraocular pressure was significantly higher in the induction-dose group compared to the low-dose group at 5 minutes after administration of ketamine .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The social context affected certain responses to the drug .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The clinical effectiveness was observed after 2-week treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were no differences in heparin dose requirements or achieved activated partial thromboplastin times between the two routes of heparin administration .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No treatment-related serious adverse events occurred in any group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Older patients exposed to the nurse arm resolved in fewer contacts .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The link between social factors of care ( environmental quality , prioritizing staff satisfaction , resident privacy , and facility visitation ) and hospitalization indicates that a nonmedical model of care may not jeopardize , and may in fact benefit , health-related outcomes .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This initial randomized clinical trial compared the efficacy of two 4-week , computer-based cognitive training methods that emphasize either auditory discrimination and verbal memory or a broader range of cognitive functions in schizophrenia .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Insertion of the laryngeal mask airway in the anaesthetized patient can sometimes be difficult and propofol has been advocated as the anaesthetic induction agent of choice because of its depressant effect on laryngeal reflexes compared with other intravenous anaesthetics .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: BMD increased in men initiating denosumab during the second year .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There was no significant change in depression , PTSD symptoms or subjective well-being .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary outcome was a change in LVEF .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Basic mechanisms of pseudoallergic drug reactions as well as a possible role of the psyche are currently unknown .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: There were no overall drug treatment differences in fasting glucose or glycohemoglobin or 2-hour glucose levels in OGTT and no differences between the two drug groups at the 5-month time point .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Anaesthesia was induced with propofol and remifentanil and was maintained with xenon at 60 % ( minimal alveolar concentration 0.95 ) or with propofol 0.1-0 .12 mg kg ( -1 ) min ( -1 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Logistic regression and the Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between patients ' characteristics and response rate and survival , respectively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Each patient had adult periodontitis and one Class II furcation defect measuring > or = 3 mm open horizontal probing depth .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A prospective , randomized trial was performed to compare the efficacy of anterior cervical discectomy ( ACD ) with ACD and fusion ( ACDF ) for the treatment of cervical spondylosis in patients with neurological compromise .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In obstetric population , both plain and hyperbaric bupivacaine 10 mg , with fentanyl produced adequate anaesthesia for caesarean section without any differences in the time of onset , extent of the block and haemodynamic parameters .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To investigate the effects of music on anxiety and perception of pain during office hysteroscopy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of mindfulness-based stress reduction ( MBSR ) as a treatment for chronic primary insomnia .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Children were randomized to receive either RTS , S/AS02A or Engerix-B vaccine .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We sought to investigate whether increasing the nasal mucosal surface temperature by immersing feet in warm water ( WW ) could decrease the immediate nasal response to challenge with allergen .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: This study compared two oral contraceptives ( OCs ) with the same triphasic regimen of progestin ( norgestimate 0.18 , 0.215 and 0.25 mg ) but differing doses of ethinyl estradiol ( EE ) - 25 and 35 microg EE - in their effects on androgens , mood and sexual interest in women starting on OCs .\n\nLabels: 3\n<Assistant>I've successfully recorded all of this data.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-09 00:00]\n<User>I have some labeled classification examples for you to study:\n\nSample: The group receiving the placebo was less symptomatic ( Karnofsky score of 96 % compared with 91 % in the group receiving Ara-AMP/placebo and 92 % in the group receiving Ara-AMP/human leukocyte interferon , p = 0.02 ) at 12 but not at 24 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A blood sample was taken before and after the challenges , and differential cell count , granulocyte enzymes in serum and the secretion of cytokines from peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMC ) were measured .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Radiotherapy did not significantly increase the development of second primary cancers .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We examined the efficacy of a community-based , culturally relevant intervention to promote healthy eating and physical activity among African American ( AA ) women between the ages of 45-65 years , residing in rural Alabama .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Acetaminophen 500-mg tablets were provided as escape ( rescue ) medication .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Adenosine also causes side effects , yet its dose response for either efficacy or side effects has not been examined in double blind studies .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: In 62 patients ( 3.1 % ) , interval SLNs were identified .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Pirenzepine , a selective muscarinic cholinergic antagonist , reduces plasma insulin and plasma glucose responses to a mixed meal in a dose dependent fashion in normals and in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Detrusor pressure at maximum flow ( PdetQmax ) continued to decrease during the second 12 months of therapy ( decreases of 5.3 and 11.7 cm H2O at months 12 and 24 , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After an 8 - to 14-day run-in period , patients were randomized to treatment with FP 88 microg twice daily or zafirlukast 20 mg twice daily .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Randomized double-blind , placebo-controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients were followed up until 24 weeks for exploratory safety and efficacy analyses .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The most common grade 3/4 adverse events for everolimus vs placebo were anemia ( 7.8 % vs 3.3 % , respectively ) , asthenia ( 7.8 % vs 5.5 % , respectively ) , and decreased appetite ( 6.1 % vs 0.5 % , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Research is needed on how to motivate young adult smokers to seek cessation treatment including quitline services .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In each subject , pit and fissure sealants were applied to one permanent molar in each quadrant .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Family functioning ( eg , parent-adolescent communication , positive parenting , and parental monitoring ) was also assessed via self-report measures .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In patients with hepatocellular carcinoma , one 1850 MBq dose of intra-arterial 131I-lipiodol given after curative resection significantly decreases the rate of recurrence and increases disease-free and overall survival .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Living donor kidney transplantation ( LDKT ) is the most successful form of renal replacement therapy in terms of wait time and survival rates .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The 6-month survival rate was 80.4 % -85.4 % in group 2 and 13.2 % in group 1 ( P = .002 ) , and the 1-year survival rate was 42.9 % and 0 % , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Research should evaluate strategies to increase participation in registry studies and focus on tailoring techniques to patient 's age .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Secondary outcomes included measures of hot flash-related daily interference , sleep quality , and treatment satisfaction .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients received PEG-IFN -2 a ( 180 g weekly ) ribavirin ( 1000-1200 mg daily ) for 48 weeks and had at least one additional LTFU visit after the initial follow-up period of 24 weeks ( mean duration 2.1 0.2 years ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Increases from 1995 to 1997 were similar in magnitude to short-term increases between 1995 and 1996 that we have been previously reported .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients could not enter the double-blind treatment period if they had 3 days when they required > 12 puffs of rescue albuterol per day or > 3 nighttime awakenings due to asthma that required treatment with albuterol during the 7 days before the randomization visit .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Optimal surgical strategies-discectomy decompression and fusion ( DDF ) or corpectomy decompression and fusion ( CDF ) - for patients with aggravated symptoms ( within 6 months of presentation ) are controversial , particularly in those who are ineligible for conventional treatment .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: 3-year progression-free survival was 59 % ( 95 % CI 49-68 ) in the Unfav-dose-dense group versus 48 % ( 38-59 ) in the Unfav-BEP group ( HR 066 , 95 % CI 044-100 , p = 005 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Compared with prevalent fractures of lesser severity , SQ3 vertebral fractures were associated with reduced HRQOL .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: No significant differences were found between the effects of salmeterol , formoterol and placebo on any of the symptom responses at the different time points .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Older adults supplemented for 1 year with - hydroxy -- methylbutyrate , arginine , and lysine ( HMB/ARG/LYS ) were previously shown to have significant gains in fat-free mass ( FFM ) but not muscular strength .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: We investigated whether outpatients suffering from prolonged grief disorder ( PGD ) benefit from a newly developed integrative cognitive behavioural therapy for prolonged grief ( PG-CBT ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Specimens were then prepared for the spectrophotometric analysis to measure PC .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Quantification of sweat production was performed by Minor 's iodine starch test at baseline , 1 , 3 and 6 months after the treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The new glass ionomer filling has shown a good performance in terms of retention , marginal failure and fractures in class I cavities .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Following torsemide treatment , creatinine ( P = 0.020 ) , urea nitrogen ( P = 0.013 ) , phosphorus ( P = 0.032 ) , albumin ( P = 0.019 ) , carbon dioxide ( P = 0.015 ) and anion gap ( P = 0.005 ) were significantly increased , and urine specific gravity ( P = 0.004 ) and chloride ( P = 0.021 ) were significantly decreased compared with furosemide dosing .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were 2 cases ( 10.0 % ) with urethral catheterization in moxibustion group , 10 cases ( 50.0 % ) in hot compress group and 9 cases ( 45.0 % ) in infrared irradiation group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Pedia-patients of Coblation group had a better pain score on 1 , 2 , 3 days after operation than in control group , and there was no statistically significant difference on 4 to 10 days between the two groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Using analysis of co-variance ( ANCOVA ) , we found no significant differences for clinical outcomes at 6 months between on-study patient groups , though trends favored the Ayurvedic group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a memory-training program on MSE in the chronic phase after stroke and to identify which patients benefit most from the MSE training program .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Patients with AGC with one or two prior chemotherapy regimens involving both fluoropyrimidines and platinum and with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ( PS ) 0 or 1 were randomly assigned in a ratio of 2:1 to SLC plus BSC or BSC alone .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Serum C-reactive protein was measured on postoperative days 1 and 10 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Direct experimental evidence suggests that total enteral nutrition ( TEN ) reduces septic morbidity compared with bowel rest and total parenteral nutrition ( TPN ) and that mucosal support and maintenance of gut barrier function is a key mechanism .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Compared with the MF , the RF had a beneficial effect regarding uremic crises and mortality rate in dogs with mild and moderate renal failure .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>I've successfully recorded all of this data.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-10 00:00]\n<User>Please learn from these labeled classification instances:\n\nSample: Compared with CON , COMP resulted in a higher mean power output from S1 to S2 ( mean 90 % CL : 0.8 % 1.2 % ; possibly beneficial ) and from S1 to S3 ( 1.2 % 1.9 % ; possibly beneficial ) , while HUM showed a higher mean power output from S1 to S3 ( 2.2 % 2.5 % ; likely beneficial ) relative to CON .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A double-blind controlled study lasting 13 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: However , larger studies using different dosages and/or durations of fluconazole therapy may provide a rationale for systemic use of fluconazole in SD .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Randomized , blinded , crossover trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The total costs for the intervention group were not significantly different , but the group had greater use of antidepressants .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Multivariate analysis selected the improvement in ED-vasomotor response as the strongest independent predictor of SAP improvement ( r = 0.63 , P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to describe sleep medication use , as well as associated child and family characteristics in school-aged children with ADHD .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Eighty-eight percent of pregnancies occurred in the first three cycles of IUI and 95.5 % within the first four cycles .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of the guanine nucleotide-binding proteins ( G-proteins ) , beta-3 subunit ( GNB3 ) genotype on the effectiveness of a fixed-dose combination of isosorbide dinitrate and hydralazine ( FDC I/H ) in A-HeFT ( African American Heart Failure Trial ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The primary endpoints of the study were the prevalence of recurrent hyperthyroidism and changes in Graves ' ophthalmopathy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The rate of vaginal delivery within 48 hours did not differ between both groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Study patients who had a preoperative weight less than 100 kg and were receiving at least 6 hours of a continuous insulin infusion were randomized to receive either 50 % of their TDI requirement or 0.5 units/kg of glargine as a one-time dose 2 hours before stopping the continuous insulin infusion .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Treatment effect was sustained at 24 months in the intervention versus control group for BMI z score ( -0.16 [ 95 % confidence interval : -0.23 to -0.09 ] ) , BMI ( -2.8 kg/m ( 2 ) [ 95 % confidence interval : -4.0 -1.6 kg/m ( 2 ) ] ) , percent body fat ( -4.2 % [ 95 % confidence interval : -6.4 % to -2.0 % ] ) , total body fat mass ( -5.8 kg [ 95 % confidence interval : -9.1 kg to -2.6 kg ] ) , total cholesterol ( -13.0 mg/dL [ 95 % confidence interval : -21.7 mg/dL to -4.2 mg/dL ] ) , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( -10.4 mg/dL [ 95 % confidence interval : -18.3 mg/dL to -2.4 mg/dL ] ) , and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance ( -2.05 [ 95 % confidence interval : -2.48 to -1.75 ] ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: With regard to the number of patients discharged in 6 months after the end of a program , there was no significant difference between both groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Remote ischemic preconditioning group had lower postoperative values of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide , but cardiac troponin I levels were not significantly different between groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To calculate the effects of the decision aid on survival , the authors used the Adjuvant !\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: IABP , which induced surplus hemodynamic energy , was 21,387 4,262 ergs/cm ( 3 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Azithromycin 20 mg/kg single dose ( n = 91 ) or Ciprofloxacin 20 mg/kg single dose ( n = 89 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The difference in pain reduction between the active drug and placebo groups was significant ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Plasma concentrations of gastrin , cholecystokinin , motilin , and peptide YY were measured in the fasting state , immediately after food ingestion , and at 15-min intervals in the postprandial period .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of three-dimensional ( 3-D ) tooth surface and subgingival tooth surface reproduction using three different silicone materials and the two-stage putty-and-wash technique .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: To compare the contraceptive efficacy of a new spermicide , bioadhesive nonoxynol ( N-9 ) gel , with a traditional N-9 suppository .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The intensive programme on dietary education did not significantly lower serum cholesterol level more ( -3 % ) than the posted leaflet ( -2 % ) ( net difference 0.06 mmol l-1 , 95 % CI -0.10 to 0.22 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: All participants performed a standardized test of static and dynamic balance function ( Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency 2 [ BOT2 ] , balance subset ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This difference may contribute to the greater incidence of drug-induced torsades de pointes observed in women taking quinidine and has implications for other cardiac and noncardiac drugs that prolong the QTc interval .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The effect of ITN use on mortality was assessed with Poisson regression to take account of potential effect-modifying and confounding covariates .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: CCMIC is an effective and safe technique that offers an excellent alternative for cataract surgery , with a smaller incision and postoperative outcomes comparable to the standard technique .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Of all the patients 89 were divided randomly into group of intensive glycemic and lipid control and group of conventional treatment and underwent 1 year clinical interview .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At 2-3 weeks of follow-up visits , a dentist `` examiner '' , masked to group assignment , quizzed participants as to the presence of candidiasis , and assessed candidiasis status .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the control group the median length of stay was 43.5 days ( 41 to 51 days ) ( 95 % confidence interval for difference 6 to 16 days ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Despite recognition that weight loss is a problem in elderly persons with probable Alzheimer 's disease ( AD ) , increasing their food intake remains a challenge .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The main adverse events were arthralgia and other aromatase-inhibitor related symptoms ; no additional toxicity from the study drug was reported .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patient mean age was 69 years , and 82 % were men .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Fifteen ( 75 % ) of 20 patients experienced an increase of > or = 10 mmHg in systolic BP ( SBP ) , and 12 ( 60 % ) of 20 patients experienced an increase of > or = 20 mmHg in SBP compared with their baseline value , with a mean change of 20.6 mmHg ( P < .0001 ) after 3 weeks of therapy .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: All regimens were well tolerated by most patients during the entire study period .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Its use , however , may lower the dose of opioid-based analgesia in this group of patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Secondary outcomes included changes in visual acuity , macular sensitivity , central retinal thickness , and total drusen area .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In addition , the serum thioredoxin levels , an oxidative stress marker , to assess the antioxidant effect of edaravone was determined .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Zinc supplementation has been shown to prevent diarrhea and pneumonia in children .\n\nLabels: 0\n<Assistant>Thanks for letting me know. I'll keep track of this."]
[{"question": "Sentence: The pathogen eradication rates were 94 % ( 61/65 ) in the clarithromycin ER group and 98 % ( 61/62 ) in the amoxicillin/clavulanate group ( 95 % CI for difference in rates [ -12.0 % , 2.9 % ] ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Fewer patients in lidocaine group ( 8 of 30 ) than in control group ( 18 of 30 , p < 0.01 ) coughed .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: To examine the extent to which individual and ecological-level cognitive and structural social capital are associated with common mental disorder ( CMD ) , the role played by physical characteristics of the neighbourhood in moderating this association , and the longitudinal change of the association between ecological level cognitive and structural social capital and CMD .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: To evaluate , in a prospective , randomized , open , comparative , three-way , crossover study , the effect of the administration schedule on the efficacy of oral pancreatic enzymes for the treatment of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: After 5 hours , the difference in improvement ratio was 0.40 ( aminophylline ) vs 0.36 ( placebo ) ( P = .30 ; n = 22 in each group ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Multidisciplinary intensive care unit .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The American Back School teaches students to maintain the lumbarlordosis while lifting .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: 8 ventilator dependent premature infants with CLD .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Growing evidence suggests that elevated cholesterol levels in mid-life are associated with increased risk of developing Alzheimer 's disease ( AD ) , and that statins might have a protective effect against AD and dementia .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Arterial blood pressure and heart rate changes accompanying both induction techniques were also monitored and recorded .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: CO ( 2 ) foam 's shorter half-life was hypothesized to be responsible for larger total volumes of CO ( 2 ) foam sclerosant .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Significant increases in platelet EPA ( +0.86 % ; P = 0.0001 ) and DHA ( +0.87 % ; P = 0.019 ) were observed after FO consumption compared with at baseline .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The lower pathway lies along the floor of the nose underneath the inferior turbinate .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: HRQL scores decreased over the course of treatment for all treatment arms in all studies ; however , patients returned to their baseline score by the end of follow-up .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: 438 patients were randomized to the Test group ( n = 330 , treated with haiguiyuyang capsule ) and to the Control group ( n = 108 , treated with ranitidine ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Little is known of the cerebral perfusion pressure effects of magnesium sulfate or nimodipine .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Non-inferiority testing , determined that DES therapy failed to be cost saving compared to OR in all possible cost scenarios .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The microfractures of the layering material observed on the debonded IFPDs may suggest excessive flexibility of the fiber structures , which occurs if the framework is fabricated without observing the recommended dimensions .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Phosphate control often is unsuccessful using conventional dialysis therapies .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Of the 161 patients , 137 completed the trial ( 85 % ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Post hoc tests confirmed that EI facilitated the performance of the control participants in the EI group but interfered with the performance of the participants with stroke in the EI group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients seemed pleased with the equipment and the ability to access a home health care provider 24 hours a day .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Both PPVs decreased in consecutive screens : respectively , 29.9 % versus 17.1 % ( screen 2 ) and 21.2 % versus 18.2 % ( screen 3 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Autologous blood therapy ( ABT ) is used for treating atopic dermatitis ( AD ) in some European countries and is promoted on internet sites for this condition .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The 153 assessable lines resulted in 36,944 line days studied .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: 30 patients with an infrabony component > or = 4 mm were selected .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Additionally , both postoperative pain and discomfort were noted significantly less often in the fibrin glue group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Parents of nurse-visited children reported that their children had fewer behavioral problems related to use of alcohol and other drugs ( 0.15 vs 0.34 ; P = .08 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Rates of unplanned or emergency admissions were higher after MTOP than after STOP .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: We investigated the contribution of endogenous and exogenous endothelin-1 to the maintenance of vascular tone in patients with CRF ( creatinine > or = 200 mumol/liter ) and in age - and sex-matched healthy subjects .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The primary outcome measure was the International Knee Documentation Committee ( IKDC ) score at intervals of 6 months , 1 year , and 2 years postoperatively .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Twenty-one hypercholesterolemic volunteers received 2 breakfasts rich in olive oils with different phenolic contents ( 80 or 400 ppm ) according to a randomized , sequential crossover design .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: We conducted a placebo-controlled trial to show the clinical and histologic effects of budesonide in CC .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: the addition of Ox to GH at mean age 12.0 1.7 year augmented height gain after 4 years of treatment , slowed breast development and did not affect BMD in girls with TS .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Both regimens resulted in significant recovery ( p < 0.0001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: By contrast , all patients who received ketorolac were free of back pain at follow-up ( p = 0.03 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: IL-4 production from the cat hair allergen extract lines and interferon-gamma production from both the Fel d 1 peptide lines and cat hair allergen extract lines showed no statistically significant changes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: An open randomized comparative study was conducted in order to observe the efficacy and safety about intranasal Budesonide in the treatment of chronic nonallergic rhinitis .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: In healthy men , dynamic GH perturbations induced by exercise and glucose are strongly related to physical power , insulin , estradiol , and body composition , thus suggesting a network of regulatory pathways .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Assessment of a new , fully liquid , investigational hexavalent DTaP-IPV-Hep B-PRP-T vaccine ( Hexaxim , Sanofi Pasteur ) , containing the same active ingredients as Pentaxim ( DTaP-IPV / / PRT-T ) and 10 g Hansenula polymorpha-derived recombinant hepatitis B ( Hep B ) surface antigen , Sanofi Pasteur , in Argentinean infants .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Two patients assigned to PVI+SM experienced procedure-related complications ( cardiac tamponade and minor stroke ) which resolved without sequelae .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Baseline MPI scores were not significantly different between the groups for any investigated tooth region or dentition area .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Memantine ( 5 to 20mg/day ; n = 20 ) or placebo ( n = 20 ) is administered for 4 weeks starting 2 weeks before surgery .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Obese subjects were randomly divided into one of four groups : diet alone ( 1,200-1 ,300 kcal/day , NCEP , Step I ) , exercise alone ( five 45 minute sessions per week at 78.4 + / -0.5 % maximum heart rate ) , exercise and diet , and controls .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Fifty-five obese postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes received SAF or CLA ( 8 g oil/d ) during two 16-wk diet periods separated by a 4-wk washout period .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Progressive PT , using either walking training on a treadmill and overground , conducted in a clinic , or strength and balance exercises conducted at home , was superior to UC in improving walking , regardless of severity of initial impairment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Blood oxygen saturation < 95 % was the threshold for this intervention .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A number of studies have demonstrated that resveratrol reduces prostate growth in animal models and reduces prostate cell growth in vitro .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: In the first study , 9 healthy volunteers received the following treatments : 1 ) verapamil 80 mg ( conventional formulation ) with 50 mL water only , 2 ) verapamil 80 mg and 25 g activated charcoal immediately afterwards , and 3 ) verapamil 80 mg with 50 mL water , followed by 25 g charcoal 2 h after verapamil ingestion .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was no evidence that the additional information provided by the devices resulted in any change in the number or nature of treatment recommendations offered by the nurses .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetic ( PK ) and pharmacodynamic ( PD ) parameters of three different inhaled doses of TI with those of subcutaneous ( s.c. ) RHI .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The participants consumed either a diet high in cereal fibre ( whole grain wheat/rye : 30-50 g/day ) and coffee ( 5 cups/day ) , and free of red meat ( L-RISK , n = 17 ) or a diet low in fibre ( 10 g/day ) , coffee-free and high in red meat ( 150 g/day ) diet ( H-RISK , n = 20 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A prospective , randomised , open study , including 885 patients followed for 2 years whose 477 were in the oral HRT cohort and 408 were in the dermal cohort .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Support lasts two years for those who find a job .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was no difference in the incidence of adverse events between groups ( = 0.71 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Using multiple regression techniques , the relationship between strength gain and improvement in physical performance and disability was assessed , controlling for age , depression , and baseline strength .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The biological effects depend on bioavailability of flavanols which may be influenced by food matrix and dose ingested .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: We performed this study prospectively by randomly administering 2 consecutive doses of IVIG at a dose of 1.0 g/kg/dor a single dose of anti-D at 50 microg/kg to children upon initial diagnosis of acute ITP .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: After a 2-week run-in phase with orange juice , 72 mildly hypercholesterolemic healthy subjects were randomized to receive either placebo orange juice ( placebo OJ ) or plant sterol-fortified orange juice ( sterol OJ ) ( 2g/d ) for 8 weeks .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Treatment-emergent hyperbilirubinaemia was reported for all volunteers ( including five grade 4 cases ) during atazanavir/RTV treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: On the contrary , a 4-week treatment with ultralente insulin , also given at suppertime , was associated with a decline in the basal HGP ( 16.0 + / - 1.3 mumol.kg-1 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The incidence of intraoperative complications , including retinal breaks , was evaluated .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The primary outcome was caecal intubation time .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The blood losing ( P < 0.01 ) , hospitalization time ( P < 0.05 ) and pain grade ( P < 0.05 ) in the EVLT group were all significantly less than those in the stripping group , while the operation duration and complication were not significantly different between the two groups ( P > 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Within the framework of a prospective randomized double-blinded clinical trial , 50 patients were operated on for a ventral abdominal hernia with the open sublay technique using specially prepared radio-opaque polypropylene ( PP ) meshes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Treatment is associated with an important placebo effect .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The main outcome measure was the clinical pregnancy rate ( CPR ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: In 2007 , a randomized controlled clinical trial was performed , testing the tool 's effect on posthospitalization self-reported medication adherence and knowledge , 2 weeks postdischarge in English - and Spanish-speaking safety-net inpatients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A total of 186 patients received at least one dose of the study drug .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The standard oral regimen based on trial evidence is trimethoprim-sulfamethoxaxole ( TMP-SMX ) plus doxycycline .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: In the rate control group , 27.8 % of patients required a net increase in the number of antihypertensive medications when compared to 18.3 % in the rhythm control group ( P < 0.001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: It can easily be automated and is efficient for classifying cardiac injury in epidemiological studies .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The beneficial effects of UDCA therapy may be explained by lowering serum levels of these two cytokines .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: We used pimecrolimus cream 1 % ( n = 129 ) or vehicle cream ( n = 66 ) administered in a double-blind manner for 4 weeks and then open-label pimecrolimus cream 1 % for 12 weeks , with a 4-week follow-up period .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Statistical analysis was done by SPSS software .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The primary and secondary endpoints of BABY HUG were analyzed by subgroup .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: To identify women in primary care aged 45-64 years with urinary problems using the Female Urinary Symptom Score ( FUSS ) assessment tool , and to compare the effectiveness of a self-help leaflet with structured help from a continence nurse .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The foam enemas were generally well-tolerated , and no treatment-related changes on laboratory variables and vital signs were noted .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Women with one elevated OGTT value benefit from a structured program of diet therapy aimed to reduce adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The presence , location , number , and size of PCE were recorded .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Survival analysis of onset time for definitive relief found significant differences ( P = .010 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Between December , 2002 and September , 2003 , 572 patients were screened , of whom 82 met criteria for enrollment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In patients undergoing endoscopic nasal surgery and local infiltration with 1 % mepivacaine , parecoxib administered before discontinuing general anesthesia is as effective in treating early postoperative pain as ketorolac .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Compared to baseline , endothelin-1 concentrations increased approximately 2-fold after infusion of clazosentan but no dose-dependent relationship could be discerned for this effect .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In addition to standard multidisciplinary management , HBO doubles the mean healing rate of nonischemic chronic foot ulcers in selected diabetic patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: An objective structured clinical examination ( OSCE ) was performed 2 weeks after the courses with a manikin patient having a cardiac arrest .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: To compare the clinical efficacy of lidocaine 2 % with tetracaine 0.5 % for cataract surgery .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Participants ' physical activity was measured on up to six consecutive days via Omron Walking Style Pro HJ-720IT-E2 pedometer .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Current Controlled Trails : ISRCTN17831610 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: To investigate the safety , tolerability , pharmacokinetics , and efficacy of apilimod mesylate , an oral interleukin-12 ( IL-12 ) / IL-23 inhibitor , in patients with rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Forty two non-demented PD patients with swallowing disturbances were randomly divided into two groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The results of this study indicate that a loading dose followed by a continuous infusion of pralidoxime maintains therapeutic concentrations for a longer period of time than the currently recommended short infusion regimen in healthy volunteers .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Restenosis > 50 % was present in 50 % , 65 % , 48 % , and 25 % of patients , respectively , for the 0 - , 7 - , 10.5 - , and 14-Gy groups ( P = 0.072 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Milk production in hGH-treated mothers increased from 139 + / - 49 mL/day to 175 + / - 46 mL/day after 7 days of treatment ( a rise of 31 % ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In patients concurrently treated with dorzolamide , brimonidine produced a mean change in IOP of -5.29 mm Hg , compared with a mean change of -3.21 mm Hg in the latanoprost group ( P = 0.159 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The prolactin , LH , and testosterone levels and LH/FSH ratio decreased significantly in the metformin group at months 2 , 4 , and 6 , but these levels did not change in the placebo group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The rheologic parameters were lowered in all treated patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: IVIg improved conduction block as well as subjective and objective clinical measures of function in patients with MMN .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Tegretol 200 and Zen-200 were tested for in-vitro dissolution profiles .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: They were all given : interferon alpha-2a ( 3 MU subcutaneously thrice a week ) and ursodeoxycholic acid ( 10 mg/kg/day ) for 9 months .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}]