["[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-01 00:00]\n<User>Please learn from these labeled classification instances:\n\nSample: Ilioinguinal ( IL ) and iliohypogastric ( IH ) nerve blocks are used in patients with chronic postherniorrhaphy pain .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The combined regimen was well tolerated , with a safety profile similar to pravastatin alone and placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Secondary outcome measures were self reported side-effects .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To investigate the safety and preliminary efficacy of OT-551 , a disubstituted hydroxylamine with antioxidant properties , for the treatment of geographic atrophy ( GA ) , the advanced atrophic form of age-related macular degeneration ( AMD ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: 123 consented and were randomised to usual care ( n = 60 ) or navigation ( n = 63 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The addition of an opioid to propofol can be advantageous because of the antitussive effect of the opioid and the possible improvement in sedation quality .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: In addition to data abstracted from routine data collection mechanisms and supervision logs , survey data will be collected from patient and provider longitudinal cohorts ; at each site , a random sample of 150 medically stable patients who are depressed according to the PHQ-2 screening will be followed for 12 months , and providers involved in depression care implementation will be followed over 24 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Etimicin concentration was analyzed using micro-bioassay method with Bacillus pumillus as the tested strain .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A syrup containing 15 mg dextromethorphan hydrobromide , 7.5 mg doxylamine succinate , 600 mg paracetamol and 8 mg ephedrine sulfate ( Wick MediNait produced by WICK Pharma , Germany , a subsidiary of Procter & Gamble GmbH ; test syrup ) or placebo ( placebo syrup ) for oral administration .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Concern about adverse effects of progestins on mood has influenced the use of medroxyprogesterone ( MPA ) and other progestins .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Elevated PSA prompted diagnosis in 35 % of cases on finasteride and 34 % on placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: More patients who had received naratriptan reported attacks posttreatment compared to patients who had received placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To compare the effectiveness and costs of telephone-only approach to in-person plus telephone for delivering an evidence-based , coordinated care management program for dementia .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Intravenous magnesium sulfate corrects iMg deficiencies immediately postinfusion .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In both groups , epidural catheters were administered .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Conversely , owing to technical difficulties in colonic resection and full mesenteric dissection , single-incision laparoscopic colectomy ( SILC ) has been considered unsuitable for oncologic purposes .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Children 2 to 16 years of age with diagnosed asthma and at least 1 asthma-related hospitalization or 2 emergency visits in the prior year were randomly assigned into 2 groups ( immediate and delayed intervention ) in a crossover study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Although including hypothetical health states did not significantly influence the validity of the FT , it decreased the longitudinal validity of the SG .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Infants with intrauterine exposure to methadone or heroin and neonatal abstinence syndrome ( 2 consecutive modified Finnegan scores of > or = 9 ) were enrolled at 2 hospitals during 2002-2005 and followed until final hospital discharge .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A complete remission ( CR ) was obtained in 31 of the 35 patients ( 89 % ) , and 24 patients ( 77 % ) were still in CR after further follow-up .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Exposure to ARVs in pregnancy included 3 ARVs ( 10 % ) , zidovudine/intrapartum ARV ( 81 % ) , and intrapartum ARV ( 9 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Proper set-up of the SIR becomes even more important when lung compliance is poor .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients aged 2-6 years with single ventricle physiology presenting for routine cardiology follow-up at the Children 's Hospital of Wisconsin were prospectively identified .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: However , no differences were observed for absolute change in clinical or biochemical markers at 6 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Primary outcomes were gait speed , timed up and go test , single leg stance test , five-times-sit-to-stand test , timed up and down stairs test , 2-minute walk test and grip strength .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Delayed treatment is effective although not of equal efficacy to immediate treatment ; coupled with the rate of spontaneous clearance it can reduce unnecessary treatment in closely monitored populations .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Distress , well-being , relationship satisfaction , relationship intimacy , and communication were investigated as the main outcomes .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Comprehension of study related information was similar for the simplified and standard ICF ( 60 % vs. 64 % correct , p = 0.68 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: On the T ( 2 ) W images , CMC-001 lowered the signal intensity of liver with up to 30 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Latino and Vietnamese primary care patients at a large public hospital .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The last day of each period the horses were fasted for 12 h.\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Thirty-one Veterans Affairs medical centers .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: 1650 care seeking people with significant acute LBP will be recruited .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No significant difference was also found in the reduction of CCT between the patients with less than or equal to 6 months ' treatment and the patients with more than 6 months ' treatment in the 3 groups ( P > 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Randomized , placebo-controlled , double-blind prospective clinical trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Comparing 2-month vs. 1-month cessation , the age and body mass index ( BMI ) - adjusted relative risk ( RR ) for non-compliance was 1.72 ( 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) 1.12-2 .60 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>I've captured all of this valuable information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-02 00:00]\n<User>Here are some classification examples to learn from. Please pay attention to the labels:\n\nSample: Significantly fewer patients with angiographic progression were observed in the S-D group ( 23.3 % ) compared with the D group ( 39.4 % ) with respect to MSD ( P = 0.02 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Iodine deficiency is the main cause of endemic goitre .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Thirty eyes of 29 patients with keratoconus undergoing standard penetrating keratoplasty by the same surgeon were evaluated ( MB ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Changes in prebronchodilator and postbronchodilator FEV ( 1 ) , quality of life determined by the St. George Respiratory Questionnaire ( SGRQ ) scores , relief bronchodilator use , nighttime awakenings , and frequency of exacerbations of COPD were measured in patients randomized to receive SFC ( n = 297 ) or placebo ( n = 148 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: If these results transfer to a clinical scenario this technology could , for the first time , support providers in consistently performing accurate chest compressions during infant CPR and thus potentially improving clinical outcomes .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This prospective and randomized study compared patient-reported outcome between surgical groups , as change scores at 3 months after surgery and longitudinally as time-averaged change from baseline through the first year after surgery .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: DE benefits were consistent across Asian and non-Asian subgroups .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We sought to : ( 1 ) compare PC with IBS and its subtypes ( IBS-C , IBS-D , and IBS-A ) in terms of pain scores , stool habit and clinical features , and to determine which factors predict PC over IBS , ( 2 ) determine the variation in pain and stool habit for PC relative to IBS over time , and ( 3 ) compare whether there are clinical differences between those with high pain constipation ( HPC ) and low pain constipation ( LPC ) over time .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Women with multiple sclerosis experience many disease-related physical and emotional challenges of which sexuality is only one .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There was a similar difference ( ~ 0.3 ) in SUVmax ( p < 0.005 ) but no difference in SUVave .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The tolerability profile appeared similar between patients who received < 1,600 mg/day ( n = 174 ) and 1,600 mg/day ( n = 29 ) carbamazepine .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Compared with usual care , facilitated BMD testing increased testing from 29 % to 68 % ( P < 0.001 ) , bisphosphonate use from 22 % to 38 % ( P < 0.001 ) , and receipt of appropriate care from 26 % to 45 % ( P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Compared with placebo , budesonide increased postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s ( FEV1 ) from baseline by 1.48 % ( p < 0.0001 ) after 1 year and by 0.88 % ( p = 0.0005 ) after 3 years ( expressed as percent of the predicted value ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twenty four-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed before and after each drug to assess the antihypertensive response .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: An experimental study with 88 participants assigned to an intervention group and 94 participants to a control group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In this multicenter , prospective , randomized , phase 2 trial , eligible patients were those with high-risk non-muscle-invasive BC , failing 1 course of BCG therapy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At week 68 hydroxychlorochine 200 mg daily was added .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: p.m. were observed in 4.7 and 3.5 % of subjects , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To assess the incidence of adverse events in postmenopausal women treated with raloxifene compared with placebo , hormone replacement therapy ( HRT ) , or unopposed estrogen .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Prognostic factors were well balanced between the treatment groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Sertraline ( 50-200 mg/day ) was effective and generally well tolerated in the treatment of childhood and adolescent OCD for up to 52 weeks .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov ( NCT00127348 ) .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There were no effects of drug or dose ( 0 , 50 , 100 or 150 mg/kg bwt ) on any of the physical or neurological examination , behaviour factors , electrocardiogram or clinical pathological results collected from any of the horses .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Behavioral Intervention for Insomnia in Older Adults .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This study examined social factors as predictors of using smoking cessation treatment among adults with serious mental illness .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: This 96-week follow-up of the trial assesses the durability of efficacy and safety of this treatment over 96 weeks .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Six hundred fifty-eight patients were entered into the intention-to-treat analysis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We observed no statistically significant difference between the two treatment arms regarding time to progression and survival .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Safety was excellent in both groups , with no complaints of adverse reactions .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The lengths of the artifacts emanating from the anterior and posterior tips of the screw were used for the degree of artifact .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The main outcome measures were change in hemoglobin levels after cesarean section .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Despite best-possible medical management , many patients with end-stage cancer experience breathlessness , especially towards the end of their lives .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Hepcon also determined the dose of protamine by the titration .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The actuarial 5-year rates of locoregional relapse were 1 % to 3 % for PORTEC patients who received RT , compared with 14 % for stage IC , grade 3 patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We found no significant differences between the 2 groups at any of the recording times .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A French multicentre double blind randomized trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of nilotinib , as compared with imatinib , in patients with newly diagnosed Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia ( CML ) in the chronic phase .\n\nLabels: 0\n<Assistant>I've successfully recorded all of this data.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-03 00:00]\n<User>Study these classification examples and pay attention to the categories:\n\nSample: This trial was registered at the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Register as ACTRN12608000045314 .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The present study demonstrates the feasibility , safety and moderate immunogenicity of genetic vaccination in vertically HIV-infected children , paving the way for amplified immunotherapeutic approaches in the pediatric population .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Significant differences were found between the groups ( p = 0.0011 ) ( ANOVA ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Parents ' reports showed medium to large effects for all sex communication outcomes at postintervention and the 6-month follow-up .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The participants were 80 mothers with bulimia nervosa or similar eating disorder who were attending routine baby clinics and whose infants were 4-6 months old .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were no significant differences in terms of age , sex and occupation between the treatment groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Four different populations were tested for their ability to assess breathlessness : emergency medical services ( EMS ) personnel , physicians , medical students , and laypersons .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA ) , best spectacle-corrected visual acuity ( BSCVA ) , spherical equivalent ( SEQ ) , postoperative pain score , time to epithelization , and corneal haze were recorded on postoperative visits .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Participants reached farther in the anterior direction on the SEBT than on the YBT .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This clinical trial tests the effectiveness of a management protocol based on technology considered pivotal to brain trauma treatment in the developed world : the ICP monitor .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Whereas CYP2C19 genotype influenced the antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel , there was no effect of CYP2C19 genotype during ticagrelor therapy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In addition , there were no significant differences in the proportion of patients experiencing adverse events with HC/IB ( 47 ; 62.7 % ) and OX/AC ( 45 ; 62.5 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There is also a lack of the methodology in the studies reported on the efficiency of this device .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Meanwhile the internal environment of the body maintain relatively stable in the group of 4.5 % .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Microkeratome and flap complications occurred in 4 eyes , resulting in delay of completion of the procedure in 3 eyes but not causing long-term impairment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 82 medical students with no ultrasound experience volunteered .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was a positive correlation among myoma enucleation , operation duration and blood loss ( r ( s ) = 0.7 , P = 0.001 , n = 51 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: It therefore should be strongly considered for patients undergoing operations using normothermic or near-normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass who are at high risk for allogeneic blood transfusion .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Assuming an upright posture soon after operation in cases of chronic subdural hematoma is not thought to be a risk factor for recurrence .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Overall survival at 5 years was 72 % ( stage T1 ) and 55 % ( stage T2 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: These differences exceed the non-inferiority margin .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: NGX-4010 is a promising topical treatment for PHN patients , which appears to be tolerable , generally safe , and effective .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Lastly , a significant inverse correlation was found between WC and testosterone ( r = - 0.35 ; p = 0.0377 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients and their treating physicians were not blinded to the assigned treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The final evaluation was made 8 weeks after the end of treatment to allow the hairs to regrow .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Lead ( Pb ) poisoning remains a common disease among children despite successful public health efforts that have reduced its prevalence .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Both groups received brief courses of oral neuroleptic when prodromal symptoms or relapse occurred .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Adequately powered studies are required to evaluate the safety and efficacy of eptifibatide in SCD .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Bisphosphonates being a potent inhibitor of bone resorption may be useful in patients with CD having low BMD .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Interpersonal psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioural therapy are widely accepted as effective treatments for major depression .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: WS participants attended health information sessions .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was no difference in the percentage of women who felt that the scan had changed for the better their perception of the fetus .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Albiglutide 's long half-life may allow for once-weekly or less frequent dosing .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Body clearance of budesonide was about 25 % higher after eating ( P = 0.0015 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A clinical study in 12 healthy volunteers aimed to investigate the concentration-response characteristics of a CNS-specific side-effect was conducted .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The HRQL questionnaire scores improved significantly in both the control group ( 23 % ; P < .001 ) and the combination therapy group ( 12 % ; P = .02 ) , but these changes were statistically similar ( P = .54 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This technique , which uses mathematical methods to report the fold-increase in the risk of imminent neonatal sepsis , adds independent information to laboratory tests and clinical findings , and , in a large randomized trial , reduced NICU mortality of very low birth weight infants .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Perioperative data and morbidity were recorded .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Thank you for sharing. I've noted this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-04 00:00]\n<User>These labeled training examples are for classification:\n\nSample: Both treatment strategies reduced the bacterial load in the airways , as reflected by a decreased PA density in sputum .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Sports rehabilitation clinic , university sports laboratory , supplemented with home exercises .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The exercise intervention included facility and home-based moderate-intensity exercise .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This important issue was examined by a randomized controlled trial that compared emergency and long-term endoscopic sclerotherapy ( EST ) to emergency direct portacaval shunt ( EPCS ) in patients with cirrhosis and acute variceal hemorrhage .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The two three-month treatment periods were separated by a three-month washout period .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Anxiety is a common cause of excessive hypertension and therefore antianxiety treatment may be beneficial in these patients .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Given the superiority of TPM in overall retention and favorable tolerability without titration , it may nonetheless be an appropriate option in some patients with new-onset epilepsy requiring rapid treatment initiation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The number of bacterial species was significantly higher on days 21 and 28 in the synbiotic preparation group compared with placebo ( P = 0.002 and 0.03 , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In contrast , the counts of enterobacteria were reduced in all the probiotic dose groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Analgesia requirements during labour and women 's satisfaction with the method of pain relief .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: GRalpha is downregulated in nasal polyps and upregulated by GC treatment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Subjects smoked an active ( 2.64 % THC ) or placebo marijuana cigarette 2 and 6 hours after rimonabant dosing .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Unique identifier : NCT00698607 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: No acute , subacute , and late adverse side effects related to BT were seen after a mean follow up of 12 months ( 6-24 months ) in 107 patients ( PTA n = 54 ; PTA + BT n = 53 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Within the conventional dose range for this chemotherapy regimen , a higher dose is associated with better disease-free survival and overall survival .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients in the electroacupuncture ( EA ) group received electroacupuncture on Fengfu acupoint ( Du16 ) and Fengchi acupoint ( GB20 ) for 30 min , 2 h before operation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There were no differences related to underlying heart disease or arrhythmia , or antiarrhythmic treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Corneal staining was assessed and product preference recorded after the final measurement for each intervention .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Treated patients had posttreatment histologic scores better than controls ( P = 0.03 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The objective of this study was to determine the blood/gas partition coefficients of these volatile anesthetics at 37C in a larger clinically relevant and adult patient population .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Fitness may be an important , modifiable risk factor .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This difference was associated with a significant lower rate of TIMI 3 flow ( 87 % and 95 % , P = .037 ) and myocardial blush grade 3 ( 65 % and 87 % , P = .001 ) in the open compared to the closed cell group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Data were complete for 61 patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Referral Writer ( RW ) , a referral letter software program , enables documentation of clinical data and extracts relevant patient details from clinical software .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Although consumers more frequently prefer independent living , placement in staffed group housing resulted in somewhat fewer days homeless for some groups of consumers .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In patients who stopped cotrimoxazole but not AZT , the median gain in neutrophils at 1 month was +540 / mm3 ( IQR +150 ; +896 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: CM protocols individually tailored to BW , BMI , and HR can lead to reduced individual variability and a lower incidence of over-opacification of arterial attenuation , but also can reduce the influence of BW , BMI , and HR on arterial attenuations at DSCT-CA .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: While 400 mg PROP did not significantly reduce the amplitude of CSSERP in comparison to placebo , all other medications produced a significant decrease in amplitudes .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At the 1-month follow-up , the thin-flap/SBK group demonstrated clinically and statistically significant better visual acuity than the PRK group .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Effectiveness was evaluated at 6 months using the Activities of Daily Vision Scale ( ADVS ) and the Health Utilities Index , Mark 3 ( HUI3 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Participants reported significantly lower pain scores on the side anesthetized with buffered lidocaine compared with the side anesthetized with unbuffered lidocaine .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Urinary 11-dehydro thromboxane B ( 2 ) concentrations were measured in 3261 aspirin-treated patients at least 1 month after they had been randomly assigned to placebo or clopidogrel .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Parents of all participants will receive three sessions of parent counselling ( at 0 , 2 , and 5 months ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Received. I'll store this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-05 00:00]\n<User>Please study these classification instances and their labels:\n\nSample: We assessed sexual risk behaviors ( SRBs ) via self-report , and we assessed depressive symptoms using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Findings suggest that individuals may hold different beliefs about the effects of wine , compared with beer and shots of distilled spirits .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Student 's two-tailed test was used to compare the differences between pretherapeutic and posttherapeutic scores at 6 months and 1 year in the two treatment groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: With ARB , PaO ( 2 ) and remained unaffected .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The instant reductions in dentin hypersensitivity provided by the single professional application of a desensitizing paste for in-office use , containing 8 % arginine and calcium carbonate were maintained by twice daily brushing with the 8 % arginine , calcium carbonate toothpaste with 1450 ppm fluoride as MFP and the Colgate Sensitive Pro-Relief toothbrush for at least 24 weeks .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Both drugs are metabolised to a significant extent by cytochrome P450 ( CYP ) 3A4 and nevirapine is also an inducer of this enzyme .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: It seems that stent-related symptom improvement is independent to the type of - blocker .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: One patient in the UFH group required reoperation because of bleeding .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At 30 mins after the start of the study , both groups received a 5-microg/kg dose of fentanyl .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Within high-grade internal carotid artery stenoses , maximum systolic and end-diastolic blood flow velocities showed a significant inverse correlation to the corresponding systolic and diastolic stump blood internal carotid artery blood pressures .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Evaluations were conducted at randomization ( baseline ) , at ketamine or placebo introduction time ( T0 ) , and at 2 hours ( T1 ) , 24 hours ( T2 ) , and 48 hours ( T3 ) after T0 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Simply sitting instead of standing at a patient 's bedside can have a significant impact on patient satisfaction , patient compliance , and provider-patient rapport , all of which are known factors in decreased litigation , decreased lengths of stay , decreased costs , and improved clinical outcomes .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Serum samples from 0.9 % of the patients contained HCV RNA a mean of 1.8 years ( range , 1.1-2 .9 years ) after treatment ended .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A private center .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Difference in response rate between the two groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: It was noted also that early recurrences were concentrated in the first year in the control group ( 18.7 % ) versus ( 3.2 % ) in the mitomycin C group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Withdrawal from alcohol consumption for 1 month before operation ( disulfiram controlled ) compared with continuous drinking .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The fentanyl group received an IV bolus dose of fentanyl 0.5 microg kg ( -1 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Vagal symptoms were registered in 36 ( 12 % ) patients in all groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This preliminary study examined the potential mechanisms of action and clinical safety of novel milk protein peptide ( MP ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: However , limitations of the study , including the high placebo response rate , may have contributed to our findings and should be considered in the design of future investigations of pharmacological interventions for this population .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This study shows that the WS intervention was not cost-effective for improving recovery but was cost-effective for reducing pain intensity , although this reduction was not clinically significant .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In this multiple-dose study we evaluated the safety and efficacy of dapagliflozin in type 2 diabetic patients .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: We evaluated the comparative efficacy and safety of venlafaxine extended release ( ER ) and fluoxetine in the acute and continuation phases of treatment .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: A total of 148 participants in Chengdu , China , matching the eligibility criteria of 11 to 25 years of age , at least 20 natural teeth , and a treatment plan that included conventional stainless steel brackets , were randomly assigned to 4 intervention groups based on computer-generated random sequencing using simple randomization without blocking .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients had to report any change of use of previously prescribed antiinflammatory medication during the study period .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The possible pharmacological basis of this hypothesis includes neuroprotection and vasodilatation .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Continuous positive airway pressure is a noninvasive respiratory support technique that may prevent pulmonary complications following cardiac surgery .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: By protocol , ERCP was performed in all patients in the preoperative ERCP group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were measures within each domain , i.e. , comorbid psychological distress , IBS-related fear and avoidance behaviors , and IBS-related disability , with the exception of demographic data , that were correlated with the symptom levels at post-treatment and follow-up .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The clinical utility of opioids is limited by adverse drug effects including respiratory depression , sedation , nausea , and pruritus .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: In the hypertonic-hyperoncotic solution group , cardiac index was 3.6 + / - 0.26 L/min per m2 before volume administration and increased to 5.96 + / - 0.27 after the administration of the study solution ( 64 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were significantly higher pregnancy ( p < 0.04 ) and implantation rates ( p < 0.03 ) in favor of group A ( hFSH/rFSH ) compared to groups B ( hFSH ) and C ( rFSH ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We plan to recruit 90 patients aged 70 years and above through their GPs .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: For quality control , all planning and verification films as well as dose charts were prospectively reviewed by a panel of four experts , all heads of a radiotherapy department , where protocol violations ( PV ) were seen either with regard to errors in treatment technique , treatment volume , in TD and/or in dose/time-relationship .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Frequencies of nausea and injection-site reactions or nodules were decreased vs the initial 30-week controlled phase .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: On base of our results , it can be found that in short term lumbopelvic belt and information in treatment of pregnant women with pelvic girdle pain is superior to exercise plus information or information alone .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Colonic pacing produces electrical activity in patients with TCI .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Moreover , as compared with the control group , the adverse reaction that occurred in the treatment group was less and mild , especially in terms of bone marrow suppression and liver function damage ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In this phase 3 , randomised , multinational , open-label , non-inferiority trial , we enrolled adults ( aged 18 years ) who had received ERT for 3 years or more for Gaucher 's disease .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The prevalence of fat embolism was not significantly different between the groups managed with bilateral and unilateral total hip arthroplasty or between the groups managed with cemented and cementless stems .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Subjects included 47 children and adolescents from 5 to 22 years of age who were treated on the same protocol and had been off treatment from 2 to 7 years at the time of assessment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The mean pain scores in the room temperature and the body temperature arms were 5.1 and 3.86 , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thanks for the update. I've recorded these facts.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-06 00:00]\n<User>The following classification examples include important label information:\n\nSample: None reported unemployment secondary to their tibial fracture .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Among the initial 160 patients , 127 completed the study and were included in the final analysis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The aim of this trial was to compare postoperative pain within the first 3 months and 1 year after surgery in patients undergoing open mesh inguinal hernia repair using either a self-gripping lightweight polyester mesh or a polypropylene lightweight mesh fixed with sutures .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This randomized , prospective trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy of postoperative octreotide in reducing pancreatic drainage and complications after resection of neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Comparing the successfully nonoperatively managed group with the splenectomy group using t test with Satterthwaite 's method because of unequal variances , there was a statistically significant difference ( p = 0.0002 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the control group , both thyroid peroxidase antibody and thyroglobulin antibody levels were significantly higher in the miscarried subgroup than in the delivered subgroup .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Treatment intensity rather than restraint may be the critical therapeutic factor .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: At each VI , the addition of EIP significantly decreased iso-volume expiratory flows and PvO2 and increased Vtrap and mPaw .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The implantation rates were 70.8 % and 38.9 % , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: These data are consistent with the downregulation of proteolytic transcripts observed following high-load resistance exercise .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Interrater reliability for BA is excellent , but for the CAG , it is poor .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Blood pressure measured with an automatic device ( Dinamap 1846 SX , Criticon ) at baseline and in weeks 33 , 37 , 39 and subsequently weekly until delivery .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To determine whether participation in 50 % longer periods of standing ( in either upright or semi-prone standing frames ) would lead to an increase in the vertebral and proximal tibial volumetric trabecular bone mineral density ( vTBMD ) of non-ambulant children with CP .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: This report describes the foundation for dose selection and use of oral heparin/SNAC in patients undergoing elective total hip arthroplasty ( THA ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Protein intake was assessed at the midpoint of the study with the use of a food-frequency questionnaire and BMD was assessed every 6 mo by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Fifty women undergoing Caesarean delivery received bilateral US-guided TAP blocks with either ropivacaine 0.5 % or saline .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These findings indicate that GTW appears to be an effective , well-tolerated prophylactic regimen , superior to oral 5-ASA , for preventing clinical and endoscopic recurrence in postsurgical Crohn 's disease .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Significant lymphocytic infiltration was seen in 63.6 % ( 7 of 11 ) patients in the study group compared to only 8.5 % ( 1 of 12 ) patients in the placebo group ( P = 0.005 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Change in the surgical plan induced by the CVK information , astigmatism , topographic patterns , and factors associated with outcome were measured .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: One hundred and one male office workers , 30 to 59 years of age , with metabolic syndrome risk factors , were randomly allocated into no-treatment control ( n = 49 ) and LiSM intervention ( n = 52 ) groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To study patient satisfaction and masticatory efficiency of single implant-retained mandibular overdentures using the stud and magnetic attachments in a randomized clinical trial with a crossover design .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The participants were 171 subjects aged 65 and older .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Telemedicine can play a big role in screening people with diabetes at grassroots level .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: All rats were sacrificed and tissue harvested for histologic evaluation at day 10 post injection .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Biomarkers can provide objective measures of dietary exposure , but their relationship with dietary intake in different populations needs to be characterized .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Passive exposure to sentence material led to an improvement in sentence recognition that was equivalent to gains from active training .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Urine cultures every 6 months ( the same organism at 10 ( 5 ) colony-forming units or more per mL on two midstream urine specimens defined asymptomatic bacteriuria ) , comorbidity , and mortality .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To evaluate the long-term effectiveness and safety of repaglinide , a novel prandial glucose regulator , in comparison with glipizide in the treatment of patients with Type 2 diabetes .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The Control group received rehabilitation treatment which did not include training of sensory strategies .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The occurrence rates of grade 3-4 neutropenia were significantly higher in TP group than in PF group ( 40.5 % vs. 0 % after induction chemotherapy , 40.5 % vs. 10.2 % after concurrent radiochemotherapy , P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Overfeeding EI was estimated as the sum of baseline energy requirements , thermic effect of food , and ES .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Both groups received oral hygiene instructions , dietary counseling and restorative treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The objective of this study was to determine the cost-effectiveness of intra-arterial treatment within the 0 - to 6-hour window after intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator within 0 - to 4.5-hour compared with intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator alone , in the US setting and from a social perspective .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Within the limit of the present study , there was similar PD reduction , CAL gain , and bone fill at sites treated with PRF or PRP with conventional open-flap debridement .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The following skin parameters were measured at monthly intervals during treatment : skin surface lipids , epidermal skin hydration , skin elasticity and skin thickness .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Children with BMI 85th percentile and an overweight parent were randomized to intervention or information control ( IC ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These data suggest that substitution of a readily metabolised fat for a less readily metabolised fat , in very high fat diets can limit the excess energy intakes and weight gain that is usually produced by HF , energy-dense diets .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>Wonderful. I'll remember these key points.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-07 00:00]\n<User>These are labeled examples for classification tasks:\n\nSample: Patients treated with postoperative radiotherapy tended to have greater fibrosis .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In adolescents , clonidine 1 microg/kg prolonged the duration of sensory block achieved with bupivacaine by 30 min and postoperative analgesia by 120 min without severe adverse events .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: However , two hours later , there were no significant differences of the visual analogue scale ( VAS ) scores between either of the treatment groups and the control group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Given the substantial time and effort required for training and certification of study protocol refractionists , and the similarity between AR-EVA and MR-EVA , further evaluation of autorefraction , but not pinhole occluder testing , as an alternative to the current clinical research gold standard of ETDRS protocol manual refraction in study participants with diabetic retinopathy is warranted .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Mean NAPQI formation was enhanced by 22 % ( range , 2 % to 38 % ; P < .03 ) when the acetaminophen dose was given after an ethanol infusion , compared with after 5 % dextrose in water infusion .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Emphasis on breast-feeding promotion programs in low-resource settings of India where early initiation is low could significantly reduce neonatal mortality .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We examined predictors of stroke and the effect of atorvastatin on specific stroke subtypes in Type 2 diabetes in the Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study ( CARDS ) [ a trial of 2838 participants with mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol < 4.14 mmol/l , no history of macrovascular disease and randomized to atorvastatin 10 mg daily or placebo ] .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Low back strength was measured using a lumbar extension machine .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Prospective , randomized , controlled , crossover trial in the intensive care unit of a large teaching hospital .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the clinical study , the mean overall plaque reduction for the Braun toothbrush ( 74 % ) was significantly higher than for the Philips ( 66 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After intubation , MAP and HR were significantly higher in the saline group than that in remi 1.0 and alfentanil groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Heme oxygenase 1 ( HO-1 ) degrades heme and protects against oxidative stress .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: However , the use of antibiotic therapy in the treatment of uncomplicated AA is still controversial .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Introduction of self-management plans improved illness control and quality of life in asthma patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A return to normal lumbar muscle function was observed in 28 % of patients , but was not related to a reduction in pain .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Findings indicated that blood loss per kilogram of body weight , blood loss per surgically treated spinal level , urinary output per kilogram of body weight and serum levels of fibrinogen , von Willebrand factor ( vWF ) activity , tissue type plasminogen activator activity , and plasminogen activator inhibitor activity were not sensitive to the administration of deamino-8-D-arginin vasopressin at any time interval during surgery or at 24 hours after surgery ( P > 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Bimatoprost reduced the mean IOP by 8.1 mm Hg ( 27.8 % , p < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: MRC+I participants were more likely to enroll in any type of treatment than MRC or SRC participants ( 52.1 % versus 31.9 % versus 35.5 % ; chi ( 2 ) = 9.12 , P = 0.01 ) , and more likely to enroll in treatment including methadone than MRC or SRC participants ( 40.4 % versus 20.2 % versus 16.1 % ; chi ( 2 ) = 16.65 , P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Three-hour ST-segment resolution rate was similar in the 2 study groups ( 86 % vs 89 % , P = .642 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The extent of microleakage on both occlusal and gingival margins of the restorations was scored and recorded .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The increase in FF VEGF levels in women treated with GnRH-ant might be explained by a suppression of LH and E2 levels .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: However , the prepared QAC/QAB media were characterized to contain lower amounts of ROS than the G1 .3 / G2 .3 media .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: All patients completed the treatment course , and the complete response rates of the primary lesions and cervical nodes in A and B groups were 77.5 % and 60.0 % ( P > 0.05 ) and 92.5 % vs 70.0 % ( P < 0.05 ) , respectively , which were 92.5 % vs 72.5 % ( P < 0.05 ) and 100 % vs 85.0 % ( P < 0.05 ) , respectively , 3 months after treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A neuropsychological battery was used to assess cognitive performance .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This randomized trial evaluated and compared the clinical effectiveness , tolerability , and costs of clostridial collagenase ointment ( CCO ) debridement to that of debridement using saline moistened gauze ( SMG ) and selective sharp debridement for the treatment of DFUs .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Over 6 years , significantly more adolescents in the intervention condition than the control condition were employed or in school ( 82.58 % vs 68.94 % ) , were less likely to receive public welfare payments ( 25.66 % vs 36.65 % ) , were less likely to have psychosomatic symptoms ( mean , 0.24 vs 0.31 ) , were more likely to report better problem-solving and conflict resolution skills in their romantic relationships ( mean score , 4.38 vs 4.20 ) , expected to have a partner with a good job ( mean , 4.57 vs 4.19 ) , and expected to be married when parenting ( mean , 3.05 vs 2.40 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Temporal differences in rates for d4T +3 TC and ZDV +3 TC suggest initial recovery followed by long-term treatment effect .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: 74 recipients included in the study received kidneys from 37 cadaveric donors .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Outpatient medical facility .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All patients received standardized general anesthesia and oral medications .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was little evidence of any difference in the foveal thickness at 12 months between the two treatment arms despite a gradual improvement .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>I understand. I'll keep this in mind.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-08 00:00]\n<User>Please learn from these labeled classification instances:\n\nSample: In comparing group I with group II , significant differences were observed in mean arterial pressure ( p < 0.0001 ) , heart rate ( p < 0.01 ) , arterial oxygen saturation ( p < 0.0001 ) , arterial oxygen tension ( p < 0.001 ) , arterial carbon dioxide tension ( p < 0.001 ) , arterial pH ( p < 0.0001 ) , base excess ( p < 0.05 ) , and arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide tension difference ( p < 0.01 ) at T3 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The number and frequency of haplotypes as well as nucleotide and haplotype diversity were compared among parasites obtained from children < 5 years old prior to the introduction of ITNs ( 1996 ) and after 5 years of high coverage ITN use ( 2001 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients who had significant cognitive impairment and thus did not understand the food contents during the training course were not eligible for enrollment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The time to first analgesic request in the postanaesthesia care unit was significantly longer in the sufentanil group than in the remifentanil group ( 55 ( 64 ) ( range 2-240 ) vs 11 ( 7 ) ( 1-29 ) min ; P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Outcome measures were clinician-rated scales measuring depression ( the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale ) and impulsive aggression ( the Modified Overt Aggression Scale ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Products enriched with oat beta-glucan have been shown to reduce postprandial glucose and insulinemic responses .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In this randomized , crossover , double-blind study , 51 adult asthma patients with EIB ( > or = 20 % postexercise decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 second [ FEV1 ] ) received a single oral dose of montelukast ( 10 mg ) , or placebo followed by exercise challenge 2 , 12 , and 24 hours after dosing .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Students were tested prior to ( pre-test ) , immediately after ( post-test ) , and 3 weeks after ( short-term retention test ) , their intervention .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: PPK models adapted for enterohepatic recirculation allowed a formal assessment of the magnitude and frequency of the enterohepatic recirculation process , and the associated intersubject and intrasubject variability in healthy subjects .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Risk factors for SWI were identified and any heterogeneity of the effect of the prophylaxis examined .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This trial was followed by a 2-year open-label treatment period .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Adolescent-reported sexual intercourse and condom use .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The primary end point is the composite of CV death , nonfatal myocardial infarction , or nonfatal ischemic stroke .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Forty-three subjects completed the study ( age : 34.7 + / - 8.2 years ; BMI 24.9 + / - 3.3 kg m2 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The purpose of this study was to investigate the music therapy ( MT ) effect in levels of intraoperative anxiety in patients undergoing crossectomy with stripping of the great saphenous vein and to assess the efficacy , safety , and feasibility of this alternative therapy as a complement of standard intraoperative care .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The overall safety profile as well as persistence of antibodies against all vaccine components up to the time of booster immunization was comparable between the SIIL and GSK groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We assessed maximum voluntary ground reaction force during multiple one-legged hopping ( F ( m1LH ) ) , and tibial bone strength/geometry by peripheral quantitative computed tomography ( pQCT ) at the 4 - , 14 - , 38 - and 66 % - site pre , intermediate , and post intervention .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All patients were followed up for at least 6 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This pragmatic intervention was feasible for PwMS , but further research is needed to assess its long-term impact on physical activity behaviour .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The greatest change in bone mineral density ( BMD ) was at Ward 's triangle ( WT ) , which fell by 2.2 % in the placebo group , compared with a reduction of 0.8 % in the risedronate group .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Randomized clinical trial ( subgroup analysis ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Compared with GFSM or apple juice , honey had a gentler effect on plasma glucose and insulin concentrations .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Systolic blood pressure decreased by 6.7 , 5.6 , and 1.1 mmHg with 1.2 and 1.8 mg liraglutide and placebo , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: During a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial , fifty depressed HD patients were allocated to receive sertraline or placebo for 12 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Thank you for sharing. I've noted this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-09 00:00]\n<User>Here are some examples with classification labels to remember:\n\nSample: Health-service resource use , costs and quality of life were calculated for each participant .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This study seeks to assess the effect of inspiratory muscle training ( IMT ) on pulmonary function , respiratory muscle strength , and endurance in morbidly obese patients submitted to bariatric surgery .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The results correlated with PK observations .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: alpha-GST concentrations were significantly higher in patients receiving CH ( SN : 5.9 + / - 3.4 ; Esmolol : 6.5 + / - 2.8 microg/L ) in comparison with controls ( 2.5 + / - 1.4 microg/L ) at T1 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In this randomized and controlled study , we evaluated the antiemetic efficacy of ramosetron combined with dexamethasone for postoperative nausea and vomiting ( PONV ) compared with that of dexamethasone or ramosetron alone in women who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Surgical site infection ( SSI ) is a serious complication after pancreaticoduodenectomy ( PD ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Findings did not show improvement in functional status or reduction in actual falls .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We assigned 295 community-dwelling patients who had been treated with donepezil for at least 3 months and who had moderate or severe Alzheimer 's disease ( a score of 5 to 13 on the Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination [ SMMSE , on which scores range from 0 to 30 , with higher scores indicating better cognitive function ] ) to continue donepezil , discontinue donepezil , discontinue donepezil and start memantine , or continue donepezil and start memantine .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: For the dimensions complaints , disease specific fears and mood , there were no significant differences between naftidrofuryl and placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of a clinical decision-training aid on referral prioritization capacity .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The use of nitrates was significantly lower in the angioplasty group , both at 1 year ( 38 % versus 67 % , P = 0.001 ) and at long-term follow-up ( 36 % versus 55 % , P = 0.006 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The postoperative complication rate was 42 % in both groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A significantly higher percentage of mesalazine-treated patients experienced drug related adverse events , all of a minor nature .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A sample of 12 care homes in the Netherlands was allocated randomly to an intervention or control group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Perioperative arginine-enriched enteral nutrition significantly improved the long-term overall survival and long-term disease-specific survival in malnourished patients with head and neck cancer .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Kickin ' Butts participants were no more likely to quit than control subjects .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Classification of evidence .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The men in the intervention conditions received or did not receive a UV photo of their face and watched either a photoaging or skin cancer educational video .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: However , raised titres of these antibodies may predict early disability progression in this patient population .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Between both groups , there were no significant differences in the number of adverse events and number of patients with adverse events nor in the incidence of renal failure with consecutive dialysis and cerebral strokes ( candesartan 2 , placebo 5 ) and possibly drug related severe adverse events .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Women who lost < 5 % , 5-9 .9 % , 10-14 .9 % , or 15 % of baseline weight had mean increases in 25 ( OH ) D of 2.1 , 2.7 , 3.3 , and 7.7 ng/mL , respectively ( P for trend = 0.002 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Rocuronium body disposition is similar under stable propofol or isoflurane anesthesia .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The numbers of target T cells were also modelled and treatment with ATM-027 decreased the number of cells to 25.7 % and 28.9 % of their baseline values in the phase I and II trials , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Final diagnosis was based on cytologic results plus surgery , EUS , autopsy , or clinical follow-up .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This study provides support for the efficacy of a parenting intervention targeting parent emotion socialization practices that lead to improved child emotional knowledge and behavior .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The study offers a promising direction for rehabilitation , as for the first time cognitive benefits of training in temporal information processing ( TIP ) using Fast ForWord were identified in elderly adults .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Improvements were similar regardless of participants ' literacy level .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thanks for the information. I've saved it.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-10 00:00]\n<User>These examples show different classes - please note the labels:\n\nSample: This study aims to evaluate the immediate effects of manual acupoint stimulation on the electrical activity and strength of the biceps brachii of healthy individuals and patients with chronic hypertonic hemiparesis .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Pain intensity was evaluated immediately before administration of study medication ( t = 0 ) , at the time of drain removal ( t = 10 ) , and at 15 , 20 , 25 , 40 , and 70 minutes after administration of study medication .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Quality of life was assessed using the SF-12 form and exercise time to exhaustion was recorded .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The 2 treatment groups were comparable in demographic and clinical characteristics prior to ECT .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In patients with AF complicating CHF , carvedilol significantly improves left ventricular ejection fraction and physician global assessment and probably reduces the combined end point of CHF hospitalizations or death .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: This retrospective analysis used data from a 24-week , randomized , placebo-controlled trial [ study ENA713D2320 ( IDEAL ) ] that evaluated rivastigmine patches and capsules in AD patients .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Few community interventions following stroke enhance activity , participation or quality of life .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: A total of 396 patients with moderate to severe Crohn 's disease .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Of 21 rheumatologists , 11 were randomly assigned to a 3-part intervention consisting of a lecture and discussion regarding optimal management of GIOP , a confidential doctor-specific audit regarding management of GIOP , and a reminder mailing including concise pharmacologic recommendations .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Hemoglobin drop was greater in the anti-D group ( P = 0.002 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Postoperative analgesia with flurbiprofen axetil and sufentanyl or with sufentanyl alone produces similar postoperative analgesic effect in patients undergoing operation for intestinal carcinoma , but the former protocol offers better interventional effect on protein catabolism and promotes nitrogen balance .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The authors conducted a randomized , blinded prospective study to evaluate the efficacy of alternative pain management strategies for patients following craniotomies .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Participants were randomized to receive either rosuvastatin 80 mg once weekly ( n = 10 ) or atorvastatin 10 mg daily ( n = 10 ) , for 8 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These improvements were maintained in the intervention group during the second year of follow-up , during which they did not have access to the asthma counselor .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Eligibility criteria were age above 50 years , body mass index 30 kg/m ( 2 ) , primary KOA diagnosed according to the American College of Rheumatology ( ACR ) criteria and having verified structural damage .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Compared to baseline values , ARB treatment for the first 6 months significantly improved FMD % ( 2.97 2.64 to 3.57 2.58 % , P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: These differences were not statistically significant .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Another aim was to identify differences between the intervention and control groups .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Each leg was then randomized to be treated with 0.5 % , 1 % , or 1 % foam of POL or 0.25 % , 0.5 % , or 0.5 % foam of STS according to vein size .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The CR + PR rate was 32 % vs. 26 % ( P = NS ) for a median duration of nine and eight months , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Prophylactic fluid preloading before spinal anesthesia has been a routine procedure to prevent maternal hypotension during cesarean delivery .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: No patient was discharged from the study due to side effects .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: From post hoc analyses in patients receiving prior oxaliplatin-bevacizumab , panitumumab-FOLFIRI improved PFS ( median 6.4 versus 3.7 months ; HR 0.58 [ 95 % CI 0.37 , 0.90 ] ; P = 0.014 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: CRT ( vs OPT ) was associated with reduction in the endpoint for subjects with normal or prolonged PR intervals .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Based on their clinicians ' judgment , patients could discontinue the originally assigned medication and receive another randomly assigned medication .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravenous administration of fentanyl in titrated doses compared with intravenous administration of the well-known midazolam in titrated doses .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Three years after I ( 125 ) brachytherapy , median visual acuity was 20/125 , with 34 % having 20/40 or better and 45 % having 20/200 or worse visual acuity , including eyes that were enucleated within 3 years of treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Histologic serial sections were examined by scanning electron microsope to assess the number of root-face cracking , the marginal quality , and the crack type .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This paper reports the PSA progression data from the EPC programme at a median of 3years ' follow-up , for the overall study population , and across the radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy primary therapy strategies .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The addition of concurrent cisplatin to radiotherapy resulted in a modest improvement in survival and was associated with manageable additional acute and late morbidity .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Serum and urinary angiotensinogen concentrations were measured by sandwich ELISA .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Study quality was comparable .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: On average , a person with parkinsonism had a disability level at follow-up equal to that of a comparable person approximately 16.7 years for men and 8 years for women .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A PFO was associated with longer total RF applications ( 57 + / - 19 vs 51 + / - 18 min , P = 0.04 ) and RF applications to isolate the PVs ( 42 + / - 16 vs 35 + / - 12 min , P = 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the AT group , the acromio-humeral distance was significantly shorter ( 6.9 mm/7 .8 mm , P = 0.03 ) and eccentric humeral head position was more common ( 44 % / 26 % , P = 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Further research is necessary to confirm these findings and to determine whether stimulation and relaxation acupressure are equally effective in influencing alertness .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To test the effect of a novel bradykinin antagonist , deltibant ( CP-0127 ) , on survival , organ dysfunction , and other outcomes in patients with the systemic inflammatory response syndrome ( SIRS ) and presumed sepsis .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Primiparous subjects ( n = 271 ) were randomly allocated to a kneeling ( n = 138 ) or a sitting ( n = 133 ) position during the second stage of labour .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Thanks for letting me know. I'll keep track of this."]
[{"question": "Sentence: Immunogenicity was further improved with booster dosing .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: One hundred twenty-six patients with advanced symptomatic pancreas cancer completed a lead-in period to characterize and stabilize pain and were randomized to receive either gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m2 weekly x 7 followed by 1 week of rest , then weekly x 3 every 4 weeks thereafter ( 63 patients ) , or to fluorouracil ( 5-FU ) 600 mg/m2 once weekly ( 63 patients ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The end point was a histological identification of CIN2-3 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The failure to change adherence in a group at high risk for poor adherence , despite utilizing an intensive individual-focused patient intervention , supports the idea of addressing medication adherence with supervised medication delivery or markedly simplified dosing regimens .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Prospective , controlled , single-blind study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Prostate cancer perceptions may be an important target for enhancing emotional well-being , particularly for men experiencing general life stress .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The GSH nail with the grouped screw configuration absorbed more energy ( work ) during axial loading compared with the plate constructs ( p < 0.0007 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The MP consisted of 17 group sessions of 1.75 hours and one individual session of 45 minutes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: On 2 separate days , volunteers ingested approximately 75 mg/kg of ibuprofen .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Facial Grading Scale change scores showed that experimental group ( 27.5 ( 20-43 .77 ) ) improved significantly more than the control group ( 16.5 ( 12.2-24 .7 ) ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: At 48 weeks , 61 % ( 165/272 ) had HIV-1 RNA < 50 and 72 % ( 196/272 ) < 400 copies/ml , compared with 59 % ( 167/281 ) and 79 % ( 221/281 ) at 24 weeks .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Members of families headed by single mothers are at increased risk of psychosocial disadvantage and mental health problems .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: We investigated the effects of total i.v. anaesthesia ( TIVA ) and balanced anaesthesia ( BAL ) with sevoflurane on postoperative lung function in patients undergoing surgery in the prone position .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: We found the following : ( 1 ) a similar effective pressure eliminated inspiratory flow limitation for the nasal or oral CPAP ; ( 2 ) as pressure in the nose or mouth was lowered below the effective pressure , a linear pressure-flow curve was obtained and a critical closing pressure was described ; ( 3 ) similar mean ( + / - SD ) critical pressures of -0.3 + / - 5.3 , 1.7 + / - 4.0 , and 0.5 + / - 2.8 cm H ( 2 ) O , respectively , occurred for nasal CPAP , nasal CPAP with the oral device in place , and oral CPAP conditions ( p > 0.1 ) ; and ( 4 ) the comparable mean values for upstream resistance were 27.8 + / - 19 , 19.1 + / - 8.3 , and 26.5 + / - 26.7 cm H ( 2 ) O/L/s , respectively , for the above three conditions ( p > 0.1 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: This multicomponent cognitive behavioral intervention showed positive and durable effects on fear of falling and associated activity avoidance in community-dwelling older adults .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: `` General inactivation '' , `` emotional excitability '' , and `` dreaminess '' were the only domains of the AMRS showing increased scores following MD and HD PY .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: A rescue antiemetic ( 10 mg intravenous metoclopramide ) was administered only if the PONV symptoms persisted for 15 min or longer after initiating the treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Estimates of the interaction terms indicated that the intervention increased the likelihood of vaccination for non-white children in all age groups and white children aged 9-18 years .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Cerebral oxygen saturation , peripheral blood oxygen saturation , heart rate , mean blood pressure , and associated changes have been recorded during the operation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Success rates ( primary outcome ) after 5 weeks were 81 % in the manual therapy group and 50 % in the exercise group ( odds ratio 1.92 , 95 % confidence interval 1.30 , 2.60 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Clinical data and the following markers were analyzed : ( 1 ) platelet preservation by number of platelets ; ( 2 ) complement ( C ) activation by C3a and C4a levels ; ( 3 ) inflammatory response by interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) and interleukin-8 ( IL-8 ) levels .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients with symptomatic BPH were treated by either TURP ( 32 patients ; mean age 70 + / - 6 years ) or TUMT ( 37 patients ; mean age 67 + / - 9 years ) and assessed using the Madsen-Iversen symptom score , measurements of urinary free flow rate and post-void residual urine volume , digital rectal examination , transrectal ultrasonography , cystometry and pressure-flow measurement , ultrasonography or intravenous pyelography ( IVP ) of the upper urinary tract , urine analysis and routine blood chemistry including serum prostate-specific antigen ( PSA ) level .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: F + S is a practical alternative to EPID that produces less urine retention and reduces opioid consumption in the 24 hours after surgery .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: In the nasal intubation study , controls were intubated by a standard Macintosh-type laryngoscope with an endotracheal tube for nasal intubation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: In addition to other outcomes , our results support the wider implementation of hospital-at-home for COPD exacerbations .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The incidence of delinquent behavior , alcohol use , and cigarette use and the prevalence of current cigarette use and past-year delinquent and violent behavior were significantly lower in CTC than in control communities in grade 10 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The adequate CC rate , duty cycle , rate of incomplete recoil , and the angle between the arm of the participants and the bed were also measured .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Ninety-eight consecutive type 2 DM and 116 nondiabetic age - and sex-matched patients were enrolled in this study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Each child received a single triazolam dosage .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The inclusion of pAOS in a formula containing a mixture of scGOS/lcFOS does not add specific advantages to the formula in terms of stool viscosity , frequency , pH as well as feeding tolerance .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: University-affiliated hospital .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This multiple-dose pharmacokinetic study has a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , parallel-group design with three dosing regimens .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Abacavir , a nucleoside analogue , has demonstrated suppression of human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) replication alone and in combination therapy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Repeated clinical observations indicating heel pain during heel rise and minisquat on the affected leg , involving activation of posterior calf muscles , formed the basis of this study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Our data support the administration of PEG + Asc as a split dose before the procedure .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Efficacy analysis was performed in 1,467 men who underwent at least one on-study biopsy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: INSURE method can improve the oxygenation function of the lung , decrease the incidence of VAP and shorten the duration of oxygen therapy in neonates with NRDS , which is probably due to the fact that this method can reduce the production of TNF - and SF and inhibit the decrease of IL-10 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Following induction with 5 mg/kg of thiamylal and 0.1 mg/kg of vecuronium , patients were randomly assigned to one of four groups ( 15 patients per group ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The main variable will be the presence of pressure ulcers in the patient .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Significant differences between treatments in diastolic blood pressure ( F = 2.37 ; P = 0.05 ) and heart rate ( F = 2.98 ; P < 0.02 ) were noted .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The results of this study show that alcohol might affect cognitive processes involved in drug reinforcement .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Left ventricular ejection fraction in the ACE-I ( + ) group ( 65.6 + / - 12.5 % ) was significantly lower than that in the ACE-I ( - ) group ( 71.9 + / - 8.9 % ) ( p < 0.01 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Among women with baseline flushing , EPT increased risk of CHD events nine-fold in the first year compared with placebo ( hazard ratio = 9.01 ; 95 % CI , 1.15-70 .35 ) ; among women without baseline flushing , treatment did not significantly affect CHD event risk in the first year ( hazard ratio = 1.32 ; 95 % CI , 0.86-2 .03 ; P = 0.07 for interaction of hot flushes with treatment ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The hsUHR-OCT fundus image definition showed a significantly smaller disc size than the DP definition ( P < .001 , mixed-effects analysis ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: We performed a double-blind , placebo controlled , parallel group trial of oral desmopressin in 141 children 5 to 17 years old with documented primary nocturnal enuresis at 14 sites .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Coronary care unit of a district general hospital .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: At day 28 , global improvement was evident in 90 percent of patients using RTS , 60 percent using RTS-M , and 67 percent using M+SSC .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The rate of objective remission in patients who received FU24h/LV ( 44 % ; 40 of 91 ) was significantly higher than in patients who received FU24h/IFN ( 18 % ; 16 of 90 ; P < .05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Efficient therapies are necessary which are safe and well tolerated .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The study reveals no adverse effects of TT in preterm infants .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: After a 4-week wash-out period , patients were randomly assigned to telmisartan , 80 mg once daily ( n = 40 ) or 80 mg twice daily ( n = 38 ) , during a mean follow-up of 24.6 + / - 2.2 months .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Constipation is a frustrating symptom affecting 3 % of children worldwide .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: To observe the protective effect of Salvia Miltiorrhizae Composita ( SMC ) on myocardium injuries induced by oxygen free radicals from ischemic reperfusion in patients undergoing open heart surgery .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The number of subjects with AEs was 4 ( 44.4 % ) , 5 ( 62.5 % ) , and 1 ( 10 % ) for Low , High , and PL .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: After excluding 17 patients who secondarily refused participation or had met an exclusion criterion , 604 were included in the intention-to-treat analysis .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Forty patients with diabetes mellitus who were scheduled for cardiac surgery .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Sixty eyes of 60 patients were enrolled in this prospective randomized study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The sequence of everyday life events was predetermined and included carbohydrate intake , insulin boluses , and bouts of exercise ; the events were introduced , temporally separated , in different orders and in different quantities .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: An oral , incretin-based treatment strategy with sitagliptin and , if needed , glimepiride may be a good approach in many patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus for managing inadequate glycaemic control on metformin monotherapy , as compared with an injectable treatment strategy with liraglutide .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Fourteen healthy male volunteers were selected .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The present study provides an additional anti-spastic method by using second generation of calcium antagonists and nitric oxide donor in coronary artery bypass surgery .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: We included 124 women .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The primary objective is the determination of an active local external beam radiation dose , leading to tumor infiltrating T cells as a surrogate parameter for antitumor activity .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This new wavelength band of IPL system was safe and effective in improving acne red macules , irregular pigmentation , and skin tone but did not affect inflammatory acne lesion counts on the skin of Asian persons .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: At each quarterly assessment , > 50 % of participants on liraglutide had an HbA1c 6.0 % ( 42 mmol/mol ) and glucose tolerance in the nondiabetic range .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The full cisplatin dose was applied in 93 % and 71 % of patients during the first and second treatment cycles , respectively .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Positive expiratory pressure ( PEP ) is a technique used to enhance sputum clearance during acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( AECOPD ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Further research is needed to evaluate why women do not appear to benefit from early intervention and to identify treatments that improve the prognosis of women .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Inclusion criteria were history of stress incontinence , positive stress test , and urodynamic conformation of stress incontinence .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: At 4 weeks , 12 of 31 patients ( 39 % ) who received nicotine showed clinical improvement compared with 3 of 33 patients ( 9 % ) who received placebo ( P = 0.007 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: 50 patients of the study group received Structum and ibuprofen ( 1200 mg/day ) for 6 months .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This study showed that ERM is not a static retinal disease but a dynamic condition in which retinal vessel movement associated with ERM was measureable , even in patients who had stable BCVA and CMT .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The bacteriological eradication rates were similar , with 97.7 % in piperacillin/tazobactam group and 94.4 % in clindamycin plus gentamicin group at pathogen level , and 96.7 % in piperacillin/tazobactam group and 95.0 % in clindamycin plus gentamicin group at patient level .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of pharmacists ' interventions on appropriateness of prescribing in elderly patients , and to explore the relationship between these results and hospital care utilization during a 12-month follow-up period .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Of all stroke survivors , more than 50 % are left with motor disabilities .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: We designed a single-center randomized clinical trial , the Liposomal doxorubicin-Investigational chemotherapy-Tissue Doppler imaging Evaluation ( LITE ) pilot study to compare the safety of liposomal doxorubicin vs standard epirubicin in terms of clinical and subclinical cardiotoxicity .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Food record data , body composition , REE ( only 41 volunteers with NAFLD ) and blood sample analysis were assessed weekly for 16 weeks in 151 non-diabetic , obese premenopausal women with liver fat content above 11 % ( NAFLD ) n = 113 , and below 6.5 % ( NLF ) n = 38 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Alternative approaches are needed to reach infected partners who could not be notified .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The incidence of renal toxicity was significantly lower in the ABLC group , compared with c-AmB group : 8 % vs. 32 % , respectively ( P = 0.003 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The use of adenosine antagonists may be beneficial in patients where sufficient hydration may be impossible or in patients with a concomitant decrease in renal blood flow ( e.g. congestive heart failure ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Loratadine has a mild bronchodilatory effect in the study period and does not interfere with the bronchodilatory effect of terbutaline in childhood asthma .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients answered questionnaires concerning the intuitiveness and ease of use of the 2 devices , their trust and confidence in the devices to deliver the insulin dose , and their overall pen preference .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: At the end of the intervention , both groups were tested by a structured , seven-part paper-based exam evaluating certain areas of competence .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Efficacy was similar in both treatment groups for all endpoints .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Women who underwent uncomplicated full-term cesarean were randomly assigned to receive domperidone or placebo for 4 consecutive days post partum .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A comparative cross sectional study was performed on 60 patients undergoing PCNL .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Efficacy of IFN-alpha induction : 104 patients were randomised to the non-induction group , 47 to the induction group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The improvement rate was 48 % in the gabapentin group and 56 % in the vigabatrin group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: We describe the development of two DAs , a booklet and an interactive website , each with a values clarification component and designed for use in diverse settings .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Similarly , approximately 17 % of patients did not take any analgesics at home .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: At the end of the placebo and of each treatment period , blood pressure ( BP ) , TNF-alpha , IL-6 , insulin resistance ( IR ) by homeostasis model assessment of IR index ( HOMA-IR ) and TC were evaluated .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Percentage survival of the graft was the main outcome measure .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: They were randomly divided into two groups , 25 pretreated nicorandil ( 0.3 mg/kg ) 30 minutes before aortic cross clamping , 15 not pretreated .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: To measure program effectiveness , participating children were matched 1:1 by age , language spoken at home , and annual household income with 71 children from the control arm of a contemporaneous trial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: As expected , HIV-specific CD8 T-cell responses were not detected .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Ultrasound was used to guide needle adjustments to achieve circumferential spread .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Clinical outcomes were assessed at 1 year ; the amount of bacterial contamination and connective tissue integration on membrane material was evaluated at time of membrane removal by means of a morphological ( SEM ) method .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: All teeth were restored with a standardized technique to their original contour with amalgam .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Feedback gave the surgeon the opportunity to adjust the trajectory that the screw would ultimately take within the pedicle .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients with simple , isolated renal pelvis or lower pole caliceal stones and no significant hydronephrosis were randomly enrolled to undergo either standard PNL , in which routine nephrostomy tube was placed at the end of operation , or tubeless PNL .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}]