["[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-01 00:00]\n<User>Here are some classification examples to learn from. Please pay attention to the labels:\n\nSample: Seventeen women received daily oral administration of 45 mg vitamin K2 and 17 women received daily oral administration of 45 mg vitamin K2 plus 0.75 microg 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Mean IOP values obtained by both instruments were significantly correlated in healthy and glaucoma eyes ( all healthy eyes [ n = 66 ] : r = 0.8 , P < .001 , all glaucoma eyes [ n = 131 ] : r = 0.96 , P < .001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Impaired hip structure assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry ( DXA ) areal bone mineral density ( aBMD ) is an independent predictor for osteoporotic hip fracture .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Bacterial cultures were obtained from the pelvic area immediately at entry of the abdominal cavity and just before closure .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The results of our prospective randomized trial showed that in a population of naive patients , one transfusion mismatched or matched for one HLA-DR antigen given prior to renal transplantation had no significant effect on the incidence and severity of acute rejection , and did not influence overall long-term graft outcome .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Eleven women ( 16 % ) allocated to use hands-and-knees positioning had fetal heads in occipitoanterior position following the 1-hour study period compared with 5 ( 7 % ) in the control group ( relative risk 2.4 ; 95 % CI 0.88-6 .62 ; number needed to treat 11 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Scar quality improved in the Aquacel ( ) Ag treatment group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The study was conducted at a chiropractic teaching clinic in the suburban Chicago area .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Research is needed to better understand the pathways linking IPV and HIV risk in women , to optimize the design of effective interventions .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The performance of the nurses in the experimental group improved to an 85 % pass rate after they attended the 6-month review session .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Variation in innate immunoresponse genes such as TNFA-863A , TNFA-376G , TNFA-238G , IL10-1082 A , and IL6-174G alleles in the promoter sequences may result in altered cytokine production that leads to altered inflammatory responses and , hence , contributes to an otitis-prone condition .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The results showed significantly lower VAS pain scores in group BT ( P << 0.1 ) when compared with groups T and B. Group BT had a later onset of postsurgical pain and longer time to first rescue analgesic than groups B and T.\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary outcomes were the Kupperman Index ( KI ) and the incidence of hot flushes .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Secondary endpoints will include overall and disease free survival , rate of sphincter conservation and quality of mesorectal excision .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients treated with OXC experienced a significantly greater median percent reduction from baseline in partial seizure frequency than patients treated with placebo ( p = 0.0001 ; 35 % versus 9 % , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were three ( 6.7 % ) scaphoid fractures in the MRI group and four ( 10.3 % ) in the control group ( p = 0.7 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the basal visit , patients were randomly allocated during 3months to low carbohydrates and low fat .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was no difference in the AUC ( ( 0-6 ) ) of iCa and iPTH .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The variables most strongly predicting screening attendance were : age , perceived frequency of screening required , use of oral contraceptives , and allocation to receive the physician letter intervention .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the CP group , CP at the dose of 35 mg/kg intraperitoneally injected into rats once a day for 7 days ; in the normal saline ( NS ) group , 0.9 % saline solution was injected as control .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Due to its Web-based format , RealConsent has potential for broad-based dissemination thereby increasing its overall public health impact on sexual violence .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Adverse events included myocardial infarction ( 2 patients in the uncoated group versus 0 in the heparin-coated group ) , rethoracotomy for excessive bleeding ( 1 versus 2 ) , rhythm disturbance ( 7 versus 2 ) , respiratory insufficiency ( 4 versus 0 ) , and neurologic dysfunction ( 2 versus 0 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Mixed-effects regression models explored possible persisting effects of the MTA medication strategy , the incremental benefits of Comb over MedMgt alone , and the possible superiority of Beh over CC on 5 effectiveness and 4 service use domains .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The ED50 estimates of bupivacaine were similar in the two groups : 7.8 mg [ 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) 6.7-8 .9 ] with phenylephrine and 7.6 mg ( 95 % CI 6.8-8 .4 ) with ephedrine .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There was no significant difference in age , sex , or ethnic background between the 2 study groups , and mean application time was 12.0 minutes .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Kelly 's clinical score for patients in LAARP and PSARP groups was 3.91 + / - 1.14 and 3.83 + / - 1.40 ( P = .8827 ) , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients having experienced hypoglycemic episodes had significantly more problems with anxiety than those without hypoglycemic episodes ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: On Day 10 , 117 patients completed PK profiles ( 54 GEN tacrolimus and 63 REF tacrolimus ) and GEN tacrolimus showed comparable C ( 0 ) ( 9.8 2.5 versus 9.7 3.0 ng/mL , P = 0.80 ) but significantly higher dose-normalized C ( max ) ( 309.1 191.9 versus 192.5 95.2 ng/mL/mg / kg , P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Neither rescue analgesia necessity nor sore throat characteristics was different between the Group T and Group K in all time points .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients with active MS during the trial worsened in both TND and non-TND muscle groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Chief limitations are the small , national sample size and the absence of data beyond the 12-week time-point .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patient satisfaction was similar in all groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Warming of Echovist contrast media to body temperature is a simple and effective intervention in reducing discomfort at the time of HyCoSy .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>Thanks for the information. I've saved it.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-02 00:00]\n<User>Please observe these classification examples and their associated labels:\n\nSample: A substantial sympathetic response occurred with both mental stress tests , characterized by increases in blood pressure , heart rate , rate-pressure product , cardiac index , and stroke work index and rises in plasma levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine but not beta-endorphin or cortisol .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Voriconazole is a new triazole antifungal agent with activity against a range of clinically important and emerging pathogens .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Ultrasound assessment and cardiotocogram were performed prior to ECV .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In order to test whether sleep restriction to 50 % of the habitual time over 12 days affects diurnal and day-to-day variation of subjective ratings of mood and physical symptoms , 108 adjectives and statements were self-rated using visual analog scales every 2h during the waking period .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Randomized , controlled , single-blind clinical trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: As scan speed was 96.9 mm/s and injection rate was 4.0 ml/s , scanning delay was individually decided according to T ( c ) and scan duration between AA and cW .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In patients who attended at least 5 of all 10 sessions , an increase in expressing positive feelings toward others was found at followup .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To compare the efficacy and safety of the low molecular weight heparin ( LMWH ) dalteparin with unfractionated heparin ( UFH ) in the acute treatment of DVT patients who had not previously received UFH .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Patients randomized within < 3 h of symptom onset ( n = 551 ) had no difference in mortality whether treated by TL ( 7.4 % ) or transferred to PCI ( 7.3 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Eighty percent of the teeth in group A showed an optimal degree of cleanliness of the walls , with dentinal tubules completely open .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Neutropenia and oesophagitis were the main grade 3 or 4 toxicities associated with chemotherapy plus radiotherapy in group 1 ( 77 [ 38 % ] and 20 [ 10 % ] , respectively ) and group 2 ( 80 [ 41 % ] and 44 [ 23 % ] , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This is a planned interim analysis of a longitudinal cohort study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Although the EHR facilitates transmission of valuable information at the PCP-subspecialist interface , unexplained communication breakdowns in the referral process persist in a subset of cases .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Antral motility was recorded with real-time ultrasonography after ingestion of 500 ml meat soup during i ) a 4-min rest period , ii ) 2.5 min of mental stress , and iii ) a 4-min recovery period .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Unfortunately , candidate microbicides BufferGel and PRO2000 had no protective effect against gonorrhoea , chlamydia or trichomoniasis .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Thirty hypertensive patients received the same treatment for a period of one week in a double-blind , parallel design .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Fifteen centers entered 235 patients : 159 randomized to CLB versus CBZ and 76 to CLB versus PHT .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The dexamethasone/CRH ( DEX/CRH ) test was performed before treatment , after 1 , and after 5 weeks of treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We suggest that extending UDCA treatment periods may cause more effective contractions in the gallbladder , and thereby increase the rate of response to treatment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Changes in fasting concentrations of ghrelin ( 1003.6-756 .0 pmol/L ; P = 0.013 ) and other mediators ( including leptin , insulin , and glucose ) were significantly related to subsequent daily food intake ( eg , ghrelin : r ( 2 ) = 0.81 , P = 0.022 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To study the safety and efficacy of the cholinesterase inhibitor donepezil in patients with Parkinson 's disease ( PD ) and cognitive impairment .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: To determine the effect of applying the PRECEDE educational model as a framework for controlling iron defiency anaemia ( IDA ) among high school girl students .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Sexual life and quality of life were also positively influenced .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A randomized controlled trial of warfarin use in hemodialysis patients with atrial fibrillation would clarify the risks and benefits of warfarin use in this population .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A follow-up pain questionnaire and the McGill Pain Questionnaire were administered by telephone .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The percentage of patients who reported abdominal discomfort dropped over time , without significant differences among study arms .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The trial will be carried out in around 14 Islamic religious settings .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The intention-to-treat population was used to test the second step of the 2-step testing process because the null hypothesis was rejected in the noninferiority test .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Three women were lost to follow-up .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Perfect. I've stored this information in my memory.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-03 00:00]\n<User>The following classification examples include important label information:\n\nSample: Women in the lidocaine group had statistically significantly less pain during the procedure than women in the placebo group ( 2.2 + / - 1.9 and 3.7 + / - 2.5 , respectively ; P < .001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The treatment group received fluid boluses , blood products , and inotropes , as needed , to achieve a DO2 of > or = 600 mL/min/m2 in the first 24 hrs .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Airways resistance is increased and lung compliance is reduced in chronic heart failure patients .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: After a brief educational session and presentation of cLMA and i-gel , participants were randomly allocated to insert both devices in an adult manikin .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In all , 1,217 patients were randomly assigned .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In this study in children with EPI due to CF , the new formulation of pancrelipase delayedrelease capsules was associated with improvements in CFA , CNA , stool properties , and EPI symptoms compared with placebo .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The same pigmented lesion clinic staff examined all subjects .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patient and tumor characteristics were similar in both groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Children in the educational arm were more likely to receive a second dose by April 30 ( 72.7 % ) versus conventional ( 66.7 % ) versus written reminder-only arm ( 57.1 % ; P = .003 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Overall survival was the primary end point , with a noninferiority margin of a 1-sided hazard ratio of less than 1.3 indicating that SLND alone is noninferior to ALND .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In this randomized , controlled , multicenter trial , the effectiveness of a 2-year high-intensity weight-bearing exercise program ( the Rheumatoid-Arthritis-Patients-In-Training [ RAPIT ] program ) on bone mineral density ( BMD ) was compared with usual care physical therapy , and the exercise modalities associated with changes in BMD were determined .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: This is a prospective , randomized and placebo-controlled study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Although performance benefits may exist , injury may also occur from the added stress of running without the benefit of cushioning under the foot .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Different doses of folic acid were not significantly different in lowering serum homocysteine levels .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Repeated-measures analysis of variance and linear regression were used to compare performance ratings between groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: 62.5 % were males .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We investigated the relationship between inorganic arsenic exposure from drinking water and plasma levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 ( sICAM-1 ) and soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 ( sVCAM-1 ) , both markers of endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation , in an arsenic-exposed population in Araihazar , Bangladesh .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Patients were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups , each consisting of 20 patients : control , dexamethasone ( 8 mg/2 mL ) , pheniramine hydrogen maleate ( 45.5 mg/2 mL ) , and the combined group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: As transcranial direct current stimulation ( tDCS ) is currently discussed as novel therapeutic intervention in major depression , we investigated BDNF serum levels during tDCS in therapy-resistant depression .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Group A ( N = 32 ) did not undergo RIPC ; Group B ( N = 35 ) received RIPC after induction of anesthesia .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: However , no data are available on long-term effects on infant outcomes in relation to time for umbilical cord clamping .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Normothermic bypass has no deleterious effect on end-organ function .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: 4-HPR is not active at 200 mg/day .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: However , the neural mechanism whereby allopregnanolone improves mood and reduces anxiety is unknown .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Microscopic examination of blood smear was done in the case of fever ( temperature > or = 37.5 degrees C ) for malaria parasite detection .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: EE30/LNG150 decreased plasma androgen levels , but there was no impairment in sexual desire , on the other hand , sexual desire score increased with EE20/LNG100 formulation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The aim of the study was to compare the sensory , motor , and neuroophthalmological effects of isobaric levobupivacaine and bupivacaine when intrathecally administered .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Additional analgesic was given earlier in the control group ( p < 0.05 ) , but the need for additional analgesic was similar in tramadol and ketamine groups ( p > 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the re covery room pain intensity was evaluated and the time of first request for analgesic was noted .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a cognitive narrative intervention for complicated grief ( CG ) for controlling post-traumatic and depressive issues .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Tiotropium was significantly more effective than placebo in both trough and average FEV ( 1 ) and FVC response ( p < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At the start and the end of each of the experimental periods , the extension of plaque deposits from the gingival margin in coronal direction was assessed using the Turesky et al. modification of the Quigley and Hein plaque index .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was no between-group difference in the overall rate of infection or in survival .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In literature , the series published are heterogeneous so we have decided to study the importance of the lingual protection only during germectomies ( wisdom teeth without root formation ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Randomized , prospective , controlled study using amphotericin B , colistin sulfate ( polymyxin E ) , and tobramycin applied to the oropharynx and systemic cefotaxime prophylaxis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Fibrinogen is an acute phase protein and may reflect disease activity in ulcerative colitis .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The laryngeal mask airway ( LMA ) has been successfully used in patients in the prone position either for rescue or elective airway management .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: During TPN infusion , the percent of stage-1 ( 2 % ) , stage-2 ( 52 % ) , slow-wave ( 24 % ) and random eye movement ( REM ) sleep ( 21 % ) was similar to values during the night without infusion .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were 36 % women , with a mean age of 40 9.4 years ( range , 25-40 years ) and pack weight of 11 1.8 kg ( range , 8-16 kg ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Exercise therapy versus no exercise therapy improves disability at 12 months ; 2 .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Three patients were withdrawn due to severe hypercalcaemia after switching from 08.00 h to 20.00 h dosings .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A subset of women who had normalization of clinical parameters or of Gram stain scores did admit retrospectively to improvement ; however , the difference between this group and the group without normalization was not statistically significant .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Acupuncture was included in the treatment regime for two of the groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>Thanks for letting me know. I'll keep track of this.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-04 00:00]\n<User>Here are some classification examples to learn from. Please pay attention to the labels:\n\nSample: The maximal Bruce treadmill test protocol was performed before and after training with BP measured before , at the end of each stage , and for 5 min after exercise testing .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No incidence of primary graft nonfunction ( PGNF ) was observed and graft and patient survival was similar in the two groups at 24 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , few studies have examined the potential additional effects of pole walking on physical and psychosocial health in older adults compared with walking .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Thirty-three consecutive women scheduled for elective hysteroscopic endometrial ablation were randomized to either the study or control group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Median follow-up was 76 months ( 48-103 months ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The geometric mean ratios ( confidence interval 90 % ) of Test/Reference were 1.00 ( 0.95 - 1.06 ) for AUC0-36 , 1.09 ( 0.96 - 1.24 ) for Cmax and 1.04 ( 0.99 - 1.09 ) for Cmax / AUC0-36 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study indicates that pillow placement under an injured limb can be safely used instead of traction , which has no significant benefit .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In this study , Surgicel ( oxidized cellulose ) was used to seal the nephrostomy tract after totally tubeless PNL .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: There were no between-group differences after 6 weeks .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A booster dose of MenC vaccine given to adolescents produced a marked rise in bactericidal antibody , which remained elevated 1 year later .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Fibromyalgia patients .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To investigate the p53 gene as a prognostic indicator in conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Patients with HSV epithelial keratitis of 1-week or less duration were treated with topical trifluridine and were randomly assigned to receive a 3-week course of oral acyclovir , 400 mg 5 times a day ( hereafter referred to as the acyclovir group ) , or placebo ( hereafter referred to as the placebo group ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The components of the Nugent score that were affected by antibiotic exposure were similar among women with and without bacterial vaginosis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , the haemodynamic effects of the intravenous administration were not altered by juice intake .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Tocolytic effectiveness was assessed in terms of the numbers of women who had not been delivered after 48 hours and after 7 days .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Study data were collected using telephone interviews and physician tracking forms .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Significant differences in the WSS scores between group P and group PN were observed at 0.8 , 1.0 , 1.3 , and 1.5 microg x ml ( -1 ) of Cpt ( group P < group PN ; P < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients with primary or secondary Raynaud 's phenomenon responded similarly to treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Postoperative opioid consumption during the first 24 hours was less in the LPB group ( mean SD : 24 15 mg morphine ) than in the L2 PVB group ( 32 15 mg morphine ; p = 0.005 ) ; however , postoperative pain scores were not different between groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: I.\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Compared with whites , more blacks had poor lipid control both before Part D ( 24.30 % vs 12.36 % , respectively ) and after Part D ( 24.46 % vs 13.72 % , respectively ) , with no post-Part D change in racial differences in lipid control ( adjusted ratio of the odds ratio 0.82 , 95 % CI 0.51-1 .33 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , there have been no studies in which CO ( 2 ) insufflation in colonoscopy of patients with irritable bowel syndrome ( IBS ) was investigated .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The primary localization of the recurrence occurred in the oral cavity of 7 , 6 , 2 , and 5 patients in the P , P/A , P/M , and P/C groups , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After a 1-day wash-out period , the patients in group A passed over to group B and vice versa .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Fifty-one men were selected who were potent prior to hormonal treatment , having completed both pre-hormone and 2-year post-CFRT Quality of Life assessments , and on whom dose volume data were available for analysis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Prevalence of Candida albicans and bacteria vaginosis among asymptomatic pregnant women was 12.5 and 3.54 % , respectively .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Sixty-three women undergoing total laparoscopic hysterectomy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The LLLT group ( n = 18 ) received GaAlAs diode laser therapy as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Odds ratios determined whether a variety of demographic and clinical parameters differed between patients meeting and not meeting atypical criteria .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In France , transcranial Doppler ( TCD ) is not recognized as a legal test to confirm brain death .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: At the end , 34 RCAVFs ( 79 % ) became functional as vascular access for haemodialysis treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To compare four methods of evaluating collateral blood flow to the hand .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Urine volume significantly ( p < 0.01 ) increased during 0 to 3 h after initiating the ANP infusion .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Heart rate and crying time were recorded .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A technique was developed to obtain dynamic multiplanar images of the left ventricular outflow tract ( LVOT ) and right ventricular outflow tract ( RVOT ) from volume datasets acquired with STIC .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Among patients with PVBM , differences in retreatment rates and in pain relief , narcotic use , and toxicity 3 months after randomization were evaluated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Subcutaneous ( SC ) octreotide acetate effectively relieves the diarrhea and flushing associated with carcinoid syndrome but requires long-term multiple injections daily .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Ten of these donors underwent a fifth procedure using a 4-g Ca dose .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Training groups were prescribed free-living training , five sessions per week ( 60 min/session ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The two versions otherwise contained identical information and were randomly assigned .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The major molecular response ( MMR ) at 18 months was 76 % in dasatinib arm , being significantly higher than that in imatinib arm ( 37 % ) ( P = 0.017 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The trial utilised primary renal end points of eGFR < 15 ml/min or end-stage renal failure .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There have been conflicting reports as to whether the addition of exogenous L-thyroxine improves remission rates more than antithyroid drugs alone .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In general , after both single and repeated doses , there were related increases in the corresponding Cmax and AUC with a rise in dose , although the increase was diminished at doses above 450 mg .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To evaluate the 10-year follow-up of a cohort of 141 patients operated between 1979 and 1981 , and to analyse the prognostic significance of traditional tumour parameters , using a univariate and a multivariate analysis .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Twelve Beagles with asymptomatic MVD were randomized into 2 groups ( n = 6 ) receiving BNZ or PIMO at dosages of 0.25 mg/kg PO q24h and q12h respectively , for 512 days .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The analysis of the preliminary results of the multicenter double-blind randomized placebo-controlled post-marketing study ARBITR was performed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All treatments were evaluated by voiding diary variables , urgency severity score , urodynamic studies , and patient perception of bladder condition .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: pre-surgical oral allopurinol treatment reduced ischemia-reperfusion injury during TF surgical correction , as indicated by the decrease in the number of cardiomyocytes expressing ROS , reducing TNF - , SOD , and MDA concentration in blood .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The two doses of formoterol were not significantly different from one another at any time .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Chi-square analysis was performed for comparison between Group A and Group B with respect to the frequency distribution of intubation using the scores excellent , good , and poor and not possible ( combined ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study was terminated early following a planned interim analysis at 26 weeks .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>I understand. I'll keep this in mind.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-05 00:00]\n<User>I want you to learn from these classified examples:\n\nSample: With the current challenge of rapidly aging populations , practices such as yoga may help older adults stay physically active , healthy , and fulfilled .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Compliance , defined as performing 50 % or more of the tilt training daily sessions , was 91 % during the first month , and declined to 58 % during three months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The median duration of ICU stay in the nitrous group and the nitrous-free group was 1 ( 1 - 11 days ) day and 1 ( 1 - 3 days ) day respectively ( P = 0.67 ) , whereas the mean duration of hospital stay in the nitrous group was 4 ( 2 - 16 ) days and the nitrous free group was 3 ( 2 - 9 ) days ( P = 0.06 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: PWs were placed in 33 of 197 ( 17 % ) of patients , 23 of whom were paced after arrival in the intensive care unit and 10 of whom were never paced .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Participants performed 9 weeks of isotonic ( n = 11 ) or isokinetic ( n = 10 ) eccentric training of knee extensors that was designed so they would perform the same amount of angular work at the same mean angular velocity .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Multivitamins increased serum vitamin B12 at 6 weeks and 6 months ( mean differences = 176 pmol/l , P < 0.0001 and 127 pmol/l , P < 0.0001 , respectively ) and vitamin E ( mean differences = 1.8 micromol/l , P = 0.0008 and 1.1 micromol/l , P = 0.004 , respectively ) and decreased the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Consequently , the cost-benefit ratio of using prophylactic colony-stimulating factors is an important issue in cancer therapy .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: In patients with severe chronic NYHA class III to IV heart failure , the change in ST2 levels is an independent predictor of subsequent mortality or transplantation .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In experiment 2 ( n = 14 ) , canned navy beans in tomato sauce , maple style , with pork and molasses , and homemade navy beans with pork and molasses were compared with white bread , each containing 50 g of available carbohydrate .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Hypercholesterolemia is associated with inflammation and the prothrombotic state .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: User satisfaction was higher with the eCancerCare ( Bladder ) system , and 11/12 participants preferred to use this system .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The frequency of rescue medication use was not significantly different between the SKI306X group and celecoxib group at week 3 ( 54/87 [ 62.1 % ] vs 47/87 [ 54.0 % ] , respectively ) or week 6 ( 57/87 [ 65.5 % ] vs 49/87 [ 56.3 % ] ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: One serious AE was reported in the telithromycin group , but it was considered not to be related to treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The analytic framework was interpretative phenomenological analysis .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Mixed-IBS presented higher supraliminar pain and anxiety-depression scores .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox Regression Model were used for analyses .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All the patients completed the WSAS , the Insomnia Severity Index ( ISI ) , and sleep diaries over one week .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Comparable results were observed with baclofen .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The implants were followed up for 1 year .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The calculation of absolute risk of major fracture and hip fracture was by FRAX website .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This study provides preliminary evidence that short-term intensive training in top-down modulation of information benefits gist-reasoning and generalizes to measures of executive function and real life function at chronic stages of post-TBI .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: BIS , AAI and the doses of propofol administered were recorded at the end-point of unresponsiveness to verbal commands .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: For clinicopathological variables , noncurrent smokers ( OR = 7.98 ; P = 0.001 ) , patients positive to anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide ( OR = 3.53 ; P = 0.004 ) and antinuclear antibodies ( OR = 2.28 ; P = 0.045 ) , with higher health assessment questionnaire score ( OR = 2.42 ; P = 0.007 ) , and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug users ( OR = 2.77 ; P = 0.018 ) were also associated with nonresponse .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Cognitive -- behavioral factors assessed at pre - and posttreatment and 6 months of followup were evaluated using linear mixed models .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The influence of adjuvant chemotherapy is largely indeterminate .\n\nLabels: 0\n<Assistant>Thank you for sharing. I've noted this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-06 00:00]\n<User>The following are classification examples with their corresponding labels:\n\nSample: Differences in baseline patient characteristics , case management , and clinical outcomes were examined for the 11 countries recruiting most patients .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Baseline and treatment echocardiograms were read at two central labs without knowledge of the scan time sequence .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: One hundred one outpatients with coronary heart disease and elevated depressive symptoms underwent assessment of depression , including a psychiatric interview and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In both groups , no correlation was found between CSF and baseline or peak serum stavudine concentrations , CSF white blood cell count , baseline CD4 + lymphocyte count , or plasma viral load .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We enrolled 102 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and poor responses to at least one disease-modifying drug in a two-year , double-blind , randomized study of treatment with methotrexate alone ( 7.5 to 17.5 mg per week ) , the combination of sulfasalazine ( 500 mg twice daily ) and hydroxychloroquine ( 200 mg twice daily ) , or all three drugs .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Insulin concentrations rose significantly after the carbohydrate but not after the protein meal .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients characterized the perception of feeling a maintenance therapy working right away as easier breathing and reported this perception as beneficial to patient self-care .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: PFS was significantly longer with gefitinib for patients whose tumors had both high EGFR gene copy number and EGFR mutation ( HR , 0.48 ; 95 % CI , 0.34 to 0.67 ) but significantly shorter when high EGFR gene copy number was not accompanied by EGFR mutation ( HR , 3.85 ; 95 % CI , 2.09 to 7.09 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Immunologic and clinical responses were secondary end points .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: First-time failures : bands = 18.8 % ; bonds = 33.7 % .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twenty-eight athletes from a professional Spanish soccer team ( Division II ) were randomly assigned to an eccentric exercise intervention group ( EG ) or a control group ( CG ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Concordant LV leads provided superior LV reverse remodelling and LV reverse dyssynchrony .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Thus , we examined the effects of nursery lighting conditions on the development of activity patterns in premature infants .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: We prospectively randomly assigned 201 patients undergoing nonemergent isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery to conventional coronary artery bypass graft surgery ( n = 102 ) or off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery ( n = 99 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We used etanercept ( TNF-decoy receptor ) to maintain dose-intensity of weekly docetaxel .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The time until emergence and recovery was not significantly different .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary immunogenicity endpoint was the proportion of participants achieving serotype-specific antipolysaccharide immunoglobulin ( Ig ) G concentrations 0.35 g/mL ( i.e. , responders ) 1 month postdose 2 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To explore the effect of naltrexone , ondansetron hydrochloride , or the combination of these medications on cue-induced craving and ventral striatum activation .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Modified intention-to-treat and per-protocol populations were analysed .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The bleaching agents used in this study caused morphological changes in the CEJ and increased dentin exposure .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Slight alterations of blood glucose and insulin levels after the injection were observed .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The apolipoprotein E polymorphism did not significantly affect the responses of total and LDL cholesterol .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Treatment of endothelial cells with L-NAME completely reversed the effects of simvastatin .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No significant changes were seen in spasticity , strength , motor control , GMFM scores , or PODCI transfers and mobility .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A total of 59 people with diabetes and 61 HCPs took part in the FT vs. SS study , and 79 people with diabetes and 81 HCPs took part in the FT vs. KP study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Adherence to this protocol , specifically FAO wear rates , has been postulated to improve treatment outcomes .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Dexamethasone also reduced nausea and vomiting on the day of operation ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We hypothesized that resting energy expenditure ( REE ) would be higher after breastfeeding than after bottle-feeding .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: For most patients , the optimal bent length was in the range of 6.0-6 .9 cm .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To investigate clinical effects of auricular acupoint ( AA ) in the treatment of analgesia during perioperative period in total hip arthroplasty .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Innovative cardiopulmonary bypass ( CPB ) settings have been developed in order to integrate the concepts of `` surface-coating , '' `` blood-filtration , '' and `` miniaturization . ''\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: A total of 334 patients with colon cancer and 276 with rectal cancer were enrolled .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: There were no serious or unexpected adverse events with the two transdermal systems and local skin tolerability was excellent .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The mean QoL score decreased between baseline and the first follow-up and between the first and the second follow-ups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 755 men were allocated to treatment groups ( 377 mitoxantrone , 378 cabazitaxel ) and were included in the intention-to-treat analysis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Conventional ( primarily diet ) glucose control policy versus intensive control policy with a sulphonylurea or insulin .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Artemisinin resistance has emerged along the Thai-Cambodian border .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Secondary analysis from a multicentre randomised open-label trial including singleton pregnant women with a healthy foetus and a reliable due date .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Primary focus is the reduction of depressive and anxiety symptoms .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The mean time to achieve adequate sedation was 3.6 min ( SD 1.2 ) for the propofol group in comparison to 7.3 min ( SD 2.8 ) for the meperidine/midazolam group ( p < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The PRP group received 8weeks of outpatient rehabilitation programme 2-3weeks after discharge from hospital .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The primary outcome measure was prolonged abstinence from smoking .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A randomized clinical trial enrolling NAFLD patients without secondary liver disease ( e.g. , without hepatitis B virus , hepatitis C virus or excessive alcohol consumption ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Depression severity , assessed by the 24-item Hamilton Scale for Depression ( HAM-D ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The primary outcome was 28-day all-cause mortality .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Paired analysis indicated greater i.p. intrapatient dose requirements ( p < 0.0001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Family members or family physicians/nurses smoking were first identified to influence smoking cessation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: When administered at a dose of 350 mg four times daily , carisoprodol demonstrated significant clinical benefit in its early clinical development trials ; however , some unfavorable side effects , such as drowsiness and dizziness , were reported .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: To investigate the efficacy and tolerability of albendazole and metranidazole treatment in giardiasis .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Cleansing was scored blindly by one colonoscopist and the following times were recorded : caecal intubation , withdrawal and total colonoscopy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Compared with higher fixed-dose budesonide/formoterol and salmeterol/fluticasone , SMART reduces the incidence of severe exacerbations at a lower or similar overall cost and can be considered a cost-effective treatment regimen .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>Understood. I'll keep these facts for future reference.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-07 00:00]\n<User>Here are some annotated classification examples:\n\nSample: In those aged 75 years , intracranial bleeding risk is lower but extracranial bleeding risk is similar or higher with both doses of dabigatran compared with warfarin .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The Marinoff dyspareunia scale and the FSFI also showed a significant improvement .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Preoperative pachymetry and endothelial cell count were performed and compared with postoperative measurements after one month and three months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Human Skin Substitute ( Apligraf , Organogenesis , Inc. , Canton , MA ) is a bi-layered tissue-engineered living biological dressing developed from neonatal foreskin .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: MIC90 values were lower for telavancin in all tested strains of S. aureus ( < or = 0.25 ug/mL ) compared with the MIC90 values for vancomycin and oxacillin .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Dr. Rajendra Prasad Center for Ophthalmic Sciences , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Fibroblast growth factor-23 concentrations were significantly lower in patients treated with ferric citrate hydrate versus placebo ( change from baseline [ median ] , -142.0 versus 67.0 pg/ml ; P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We detected the primary endpoint in 18 ( 7.1 % ) patients in the CT group , and 26 ( 10.7 % ) in the IT group ( hazard ratio 1.53 , 95 % confidence interval 0.84-2 .80 , P = 0.164 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: During the 7 years after cessation of study medication , two CsA group patients and one control patient were lost to follow-up .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Each patient underwent regional cerebral blood flow ( CBF ) measurement using single-photon emission computed tomography ( SPECT ) at baseline and during a hot flush episode .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The total cost of sequential HDC was significantly lower than that for single course HDC both with BMT ( -29 % ; 22,755 Euros vs 32,284 Euros ; p < 0.001 ) or PBSCT ( -16 % ; 22,755 Euros vs 27,209 Euros ; p = 0.026 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Aside from a puzzling increase in diarrhoea , tenofovir gel has an excellent safety profile .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Formula-fed infants were randomized into four groups at age 0.5 months : one control group fed the CMF for 8 months , and three groups fed ePHF for 1 , 3 , or 8 months and CMF otherwise .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At the highest level of erythritol intake ( 50 g ) , only a significant increase in borborygmi and nausea was observed , whereas xylitol intake at this level induced a significant increase in watery faeces .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The cheaper low-dose sequential regimen may be suggested for H. pylori eradication in duodenal ulcer patients , even without continued proton pump inhibitor therapy after eradication treatment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Each lesion was treated twice a week by the 308-nm excimer laser , for a total of 24 sessions .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Isometric knee extension peak torque increased in the T-treated group compared with placebo to give an adjusted mean difference ( 95 % CI ) between groups of 8.1 ( -0.2 to 16.5 ) Nm at 6 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The aim of the present study was to investigate the haemodynamic effects of different pHRs ( 60 or 80 b.p.m. ) , using an implanted haemodynamic monitor ( IHM ) , during a 2-week period in ambulatory CRT patients .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Patients were mainly 40 years of age , married , Caucasian , and diagnosed with advanced breast cancer .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: For whole-body CT using multidetector CT mounted with a high heat-capacity X-ray tube , an appropriate tube current limitation setting may help reduce excessive radiation dose without significant compromise in diagnostic acceptability .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: No association was observed between obesity indices and surrogate markers of biochemical failure as PSA nadir ( nPSA ) or time to nPSA .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The cumulative 1 - and 2-year survival rates free from TVR were , respectively , 91.7 and 90.3 % in the TAXUS group vs. 80.0 and 79.0 % in the control group ( log-rank P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study sought to compare the procedural performance and the acute angiographic result on side-branch ostium obtained using 2 different drug-eluting stents ( DES ) to treat patients with bifurcated coronary lesions .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Number of adverse clinical events were observed , but were of mild nature and tolerable by the participants who completed the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Selenium supplementation appears to be a beneficial adjuvant treatment to decrease hospitalizations as well as the cost of caring for HIV-1-infected patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Umbilical-cord blood has been used as the source of hematopoietic stem cells in an estimated 30,000 transplants .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Clinicaltrials.gov registration identifier : NCT02147353 .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Outcomes were ratings of treatment acceptability , recruitment and retention rates , supportive behaviors provided to the smoker , and smoking behavior change in the smoker as reported by the support person .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Furthermore , maximum phonation time had increased significantly for the hylan B gel patients ( collagen , nonsignificant ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: HAART interruption had a small impact on metabolic parameters and quality of life .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Ticagrelor pharmacokinetic parameters were not affected by co-administration with desmopressin .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A significant difference was found in the thickness of the transverse abdominal muscle between the groups [ mean difference 0.24 cm , 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) 0.08 to 0.40 , P = 0.005 .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Excellent. I've documented all of this information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-08 00:00]\n<User>Please observe these classification examples and their associated labels:\n\nSample: Nausea , vomiting and diarrhoea were more frequent after oral administration of misoprostol .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Mean weight change from baseline in the intervention group was -4.4 kg at 6 months , -2.0 kg at 18 months , and -0.2 kg at 36 months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: HbA1c ( mean + / - SEM ) during 7 years of follow-up was also the same : 8.7 + / - 0.4 vs. 8.3 + / - 0.4 % in the CsA and placebo groups , respectively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: With equal BP control , treatment with the ACEI trandolapril alone , or in combination with a CCB , has a greater antiproteinuric effect than that obtained with other antihypertensive drugs , but this effect is attenuated if BP is not strictly controlled .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Participants who were identified as smokers were then contacted 1 year later for follow-up .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Oleic acid premeal supplements have been described as a method to trigger the ileal brake and thus lengthen transit time and the opportunity for nutrient absorption .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Results support the use of adaptive devices and orofacial exercise to improve gingival health in adults with SSc when compared to use of manual toothbrushing and finger-held flossing .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To perform a process evaluation of a randomized controlled trial ( RCT ) of home telecare for the management of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) , using the normalization process model ( NPM ) as an explanatory framework .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The main outcome measure was miles travelled during each 20 minute ride .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a single preprocedural rinse with 0.12 % chlorhexidine solution ( Periogard ) on the salivary counts of S aureus and mutans group streptococci and determine maximal inhibitory dilutions ( MID ) of this and 0.05 % cetylpyridinium chloride solution ( Cepacol ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: To observe the effect of `` phased whole acupuncture therapy '' on the ability of daily life ( ADL ) of the patients with cerebral infarction-induced hemiplegia .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In Group 1 Per/Ind was initiated in newly diagnosed patients ( n = 7032 ) ; in Group 2 Per/Ind replaced previous therapy in patients already treated but having either their BP still uncontrolled or experiencing side-effects ( n = 7423 ) ; in Group 3 Per/Ind was added to previous treatment in patients with persistently high BP ( n = 3483 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No correlations were found within the fluorescein angiography data , including greatest linear dimension of CNVM total size , area of active leakage , area of associated subretinal hemorrhage , and intensity .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Plasma samples were subjected to thromboelastography after thawing .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We propose that these changes may be mediated through the chemical interaction of isothiocyanates with signalling peptides in the plasma .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Upon request for epidural analgesia , both partners were assessed for baseline anxiety ( numerical rating scale , 0 to 10 ) , systolic blood pressure , heart rate , estimated contraction pain of parturient ( verbal rating scale for pain , 0 to 10 ) , and salivary amylase .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the peri-operative amnesia .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of a Mediterranean dietary pattern , as assessed by the biomarkers of food supplied , on the plasma fatty acid composition and its relation with MetS after 1 year of intervention .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Compared with low-protein diet group , serum levels of PA , RBP and TRF were significantly increased both in low-protein diet plus alpha-keto acid and routine-protein diet groups ( P < 0.01 ) , however , there was no significant difference in the levels of PA , RBP and TRF between low-protein diet plus alpha-keto acid group and routine-protein diet group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Mothers in the experimental group had fewer concerns , more confidence , identified more resources , and perceived diabetes having less of a negative impact on their family compared with mothers in the control group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Basic pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated according to standard procedures using a two-exponent equation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Of 373 patients from eight centres , 186 received flurbiprofen 8.75 mg microgranules and 187 received placebo microgranules ( intent-to-treat population ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to assess whether the application of a lightweight mesh for mesh plug repair ( MPR ) for primary inguinal hernia could reduce chronic pain or other symptoms associated with the insertion of the prosthesis .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Forty patients with active IBD ( 23 CD / 17 UC ) were treated with IFX 5 mg/kg intravenously at weeks 0 , 2 , 6 , and each 8 weeks thereafter .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To test this hypothesis , we performed a post-hoc analysis on data of a randomized trial in which perindopril treatment was compared with placebo on progression/regression of atherosclerosis with regard to the degree of calcification .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Following first-line chemotherapy , 889 non-PD patients were included in the intention-to-treat population ( 55 % SD ; 44 % CR/PR ; < 1 % unknown response ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Cephalometric analysis was done to compare the pre and post-treatment lateral cephalograms .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Pumpan is an adjuvant medication in conduction of antianginal therapy in ischemic heart disease patients with stable angina of effort of functional class II-III .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A composite measure of catheter failure resulting from phlebitis or infiltration .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In contrast , the urinary excretion of 3-methyl histidine tended to decrease along the study in the AA supplemented group compared to an increase in the Ala group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The incidence of other pregnancy complications and birth weight was similar in both groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , few individuals with elevated prolactin levels ( hyperprolactinemia ) have symptomatic potentially prolactin-related adverse events ( PPR-AEs ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n<Assistant>Thanks for the information. I've saved it.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-09 00:00]\n<User>These examples show different classes - please note the labels:\n\nSample: Clinical assessment did not reveal any thromboembolic complications .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Both suicidal ideation and hopelessness were associated with higher severity of depressive symptoms , but not with alcohol consumption .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Harp therapy decreases state , or event-based , anxiety , significantly lowering state scores posttransfer and having a positive effect on acute levels of stress .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In comparison with baseline , GH replacement resulted in an increase in FMD ( 5.0 + / - 2.6 vs. 2.8 + / - 1.9 % , P < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Although use of the cell-saving device was not associated with higher brain oxygen saturation nor changes in the National Institutes of Health stroke score , it is associated with lesser release of nonspecific markers of brain injury in elderly patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: It may be particularly useful in patients with organic heart disease in whom class I antiarrhythmic agents may be contraindicated .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In a blinded , randomized , three-arm placebo-controlled clinical trial , 80 participants with diabetic nephropathy taking lisinopril ( 80 mg ) were randomized to spironolactone ( 25 mg daily ) , losartan ( 100 mg daily ) , or placebo ( trial dates from July of 2003 to December of 2006 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Treatment effectiveness outcome measures included outbreak duration , days to crust formation , and pain .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In the prediction of progression to a high-risk situation , in women with GH or mild PE at term , a distinction can be made between women with a low risk and women with high risk .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Generalizability may be limited by study duration and selective population .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: More BIAsp 70/30-treated subjects reached target HbA ( 1c ) values than glargine-treated subjects ( HbA ( 1c ) < / = 6.5 % : 42 vs. 28 % , P < 0.05 ; HbA ( 1c ) < 7.0 % : 66 vs. 40 % , P < 0.001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: AmBisome therapy resulted in a CSF culture conversion within 7 days in six out of 15 patients versus one out of 12 amphotericin B-treated patients ( P = 0.09 ) , within 14 days in 10 out of 15 AmBisome patients versus one out of nine amphotericin B patients ( P = 0.01 ) , and within 21 days in 11 out of 15 AmBisome patients versus three out of eight amphotericin B patients ( P = 0.19 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In contrast , the mean closure times for Group C were 5.3 and 7 weeks in cases of otitis media with effusion and recurrent acute otitis media , respectively , with the latter demonstrating a significantly slower closure rate .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After the evaluation of safety , 26 patients were randomly assigned to receive either 25 or 37.5 mg of eltrombopag once daily for 2 weeks in the second part .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: However , both the HRT and PL groups showed an improvement in Mini-Mental State Examination score and attention span compared with the case of participants receiving no treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To assess the difference in resource utilisation between lithium and valproate treatment groups from the VALID study .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Phase 3 , randomized , double-blind , parallel-group , placebo-controlled 12-week study followed by a 12-week open-label study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: They were randomized into two groups ( with 33 patients in each group ) - an experimental group who performed postoperative PFE every day and a control group .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Specificity of IV and IVO scans was 98.6 and 94.9 ( 95 % CI , 91.6-99 .9 and 86.9-98 .4 , respectively ) , respectively , with positive predictive values of 97.6 and 89.5 ( 95 % CI , 85.9-99 .9 and 74.2-96 .6 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Human chorionic gonadotropin returned to normal more quickly after laparoscopic treatment ( 14 versus 28 days ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Main outcome parameters were safety and product intake adherence .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Although preliminary , this study is the first to demonstrate that KRG may improve arterial stiffness as measured by AI .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The % change of AVDO2 was larger in the sevoflurane group than in the isoflurane group ( -18.3 + / - 8.4 % vs -9.1 + / - 9.0 % ; P < 0.05 ) but no difference remained after the post-incisional AVDO2 value of the sevoflurane group was corrected for pre-incisional PaCO2 .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Imiquimod modulated the expression of a large number of genes important in both the innate and adaptive immune response , including increased expression of interferon-inducible genes with known antiviral , anti-proliferative and immune modulatory activity , as well as various Toll-like receptors .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twenty-six patients ( median age , 2.6 yrs [ range , 1 mo-18 .2 yrs ] ) were enrolled in the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the initial examination , patients showed an overall shift of autonomic balance toward sympathetic predominance as compared with matched controls , with a decrease in parasympathetic parameters and baroreflex sensitivity , and an increase in sympathetically influenced QT variability .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Gastric emptying can be omitted from the treatment protocol for adults after acute oral overdose .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The associated sequelae of dysphagia include dehydration , malnutrition , and aspiration pneumonia , all of which have can have serious medical consequences .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: There were no significant differences between parameters at baseline and placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twenty-one percent ( 15/72 ) of patients experienced pain with ambulation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: For epidural injections where the clinical impression was `` maybe '' , 91 % of lumbar injections , but only 45 % of caudal injections were correctly placed .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The two-phase Lifestyle Counts intervention programme included lifestyle change classes for eight weeks , with goal-setting and telephone follow-up for three months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Limitations are that ( i ) earnings effects of specific intervention components can not be estimated since all treatment subjects received the same package of services , and ( ii ) study results may not generalize to the majority of the beneficiary population due to selection effects in beneficiaries ' participation decisions .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: mGFR , serum creatinine , and cystatin C shortly after transplant were 56.1 17.0 ml/min/1 .73 m ( 2 ) , 1.2 0.4 mg/dl , and 1.2 0.3 mg/l respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The information regarding the initial efficacy of these disinfectants has not yet been defined The purpose of the present study was to investigate the initial efficacy ofan alcohol-based chlorhexidine and povidone iodine solution as the antiseptic of choice for all regional techniques .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: No wound infection or clinical venous thromboembolisms were detected in our study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Occlusion is a term meaning `` jaw clenching . ''\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Twelve healthy volunteers ( 6 females ) were randomly assigned to receive either St John 's wort , garlic oil , P ginseng , or G biloba for 28 days .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The five subjects with a one day ICU stay were all in the intrathecal opioid group ( p = 0.04 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Curvature was decreased in 17.5 % of the case group and 23.1 % the control group ( P : 0.586 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Data were taken from a larger randomized , controlled trial2 and focused on the subsample of participants ( N = 43 ) who were randomly assigned to receive a physical activity intervention with pedometers and instructions to log pedometer use daily and mail completed logs back to the research center each month for 6 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Spironolactone and RU38486 alone had modest effects , increasing cortisol by less than 50 % in both groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: On study entry patients in the CG had significantly higher levels of PV than the EG and this remained so throughout the research .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: As regards safety , the overall incidence of adverse reactions was 3.5 % ( 7/199 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Sure I will remember them.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-10 00:00]\n<User>The following are classification training examples with labels:\n\nSample: Effectiveness of spirulina extract plus zinc was evaluated by comparing changes in skin manifestations ( clinical scores ) , arsenic contents in urine and hair , between the placebo - and spirulina extract plus zinc-treated groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Shear-peel bond strength testing was performed after thermocycling ( 5 degrees C-55 degrees C for 500 times ) with a Zwick 1440 compression machine ( Zwick , Ulm , Germany ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Catheters were classified as colonized when their tips yielded 1,000 or more colony-forming units/ml in cultures .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The data were analyzed with a 2-way analysis of variance , and the mean values were compared by the Tukey Honestly Significant Difference test ( alpha = 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The experimental group , which had participated in specific aftercare measures after inpatient therapy , was compared to the control group at `` discharge from clinic '' and `` twelve weeks post-discharge '' relative to a number of variables relevant in therapy outcome .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We determined the relative efficacy of subcutaneous ( SC ) treprostinil in stable World Health Organization class II and III patients transitioned from IV epoprostenol .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: There was a significant negative correlation between the ETCO2 and pH of the gastric juice ( r = -0.4 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To identify risk factors for pregnancy outcomes in couples treated with intracervical or intrauterine insemination , with or without superovulation for unexplained or male-factor infertility .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: To assess the overall effectiveness of spa therapy compared with usual routine drug therapy in chronic low back pain ( LBP ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Lymph node status is one of the decisive prognostic factors of breast cancer .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The lifestyle intervention was ineffective in eliciting a behavioural change towards more favourable physical behaviour in adolescents and young adults with spastic CP .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Their use is also associated with significantly greater improvements in the serum lipid profiles and the overall coronary risk of these patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Despite its low antineoplastic activity 5-fluorouracil remains the most active compound for the treatment of patient with metastatic colorectal cancer .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: This paper is a report of a study conducted to determine the effectiveness of a community case management collaborative education intervention in terms of satisfaction , learning and performance among public health nurses .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The positive effect of lamotrigine on cognition in one trial , while of uncertain significance , may merit further study .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Fifteen patients in bone-patellar tendon-bone graft ( two lost to follow-up ) and thirteen patients used 6-strand hamstring tendons ( four were converted to 4-strand hamstring tendons ) were evaluated at a mean of 19 months ( range 12-31 months ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After an overnight fast , a calcium-fortified ( 500 mg of calcium carbonate ) cereal-legume snack ( laddoo ) was given to group A , a similar but non-fortified snack was given to group B , and group C received calcium carbonate ( 500 mg ) alone .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In-hospital mortality rates for GUSTO and LATE patients were lower ( 6.9 % and 6.6 % , respectively ) than for nonparticipants at study hospitals ( 16.8 % and 19.7 % , respectively ; p < 0.001 for both comparisons ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The objective was to investigate fasting and postprandial release of insulin , proinsulin ( PI ) and 32-33 split proinsulin ( SPI ) before and after sensitization to insulin with pioglitazone compared to a group treated with glibenclamide .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: A randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , crossover trial of L-arginine was conducted in 21 normotensive children aged 11.5 + / - 3 ( 7 to 17 ) years with CRF ( GFR 27.4 + / - 13.2 mL/min/1 .73 m ( 2 ) ) in whom endothelial dysfunction had previously been demonstrated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Forty-eight subjects diagnosed of GC and 154 of CRC during a 7-year follow-up period in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Spain cohort were compared with a sample of 296 subjects using a case-cohort approach .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Overshooting INR was observed in 3.8 % , 1.9 % and 4.3 % respectively ( p = 0.6 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At entry , 193 of 335 ( 57.6 % ) patients had at least one psychiatric disorder in addition to OCD , and 102 of 335 ( 30.4 % ) had multiple other disorders .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In 84 patients ( 8.9 % ) with signs of HF ( Killip class > or = 2 ) , 30-day mortality was 18 of 50 patients ( 36 % ) in the GIK group versus 9 of 34 patients ( 26.5 % ) in the control group ( RR 1.44 , 95 % CI 0.65 to 3.22 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Subjects were randomized to receive either a 500-mL or 1000-mL fluid challenge .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: One hundred patients ( 25 per arm ) were included .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thanks for the information. I've saved it."]
[{"question": "Sentence: Caffeine , probably the most widely consumed psychoactive substance , is claimed to have conflicting effects on some tear film dynamics .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: We report the long-term follow-up of the chemoimmunotherapy trial CALGB 9712 from the Cancer and Leukemia Group B , for which treatment regimen was previously reported , to examine end points of progression-free survival ( PFS ) , overall survival ( OS ) , impact of genomic features , and risk of therapy-related myeloid neoplasm ( t-MN ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This double-blind , multicentre study randomized 71 AHF patients with pulmonary capillary wedge pressure ( PCWP ) 18 mmHg , systolic blood pressure ( BP ) 115 mmHg , and estimated glomerular filtration rate 30 mL/min/1 .73 m ( 2 ) to serelaxin ( n = 34 ) or placebo ( n = 37 ) within 48 h of hospitalization .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Mean weight loss was significantly ( P < .001 ) greater in the LI arm versus the comparison arm ( 4.3 v 0.6 kg or 5.3 % v 0.7 % at 6 months and 3.1 v 0.3 kg or 3.6 % v 0.4 % at 24 months ) and occurred consistently across strata ( BMI 24 to < 30 v 30 kg/m ( 2 ) ; prior v no prior adjuvant chemotherapy ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The patients were randomized in a single-blind fashion into two groups : group LR ( n = 40 ) received lactated Ringer 's and group GF ( n = 40 ) received gelatin polysuccinate 4 % ( Gelofusine ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: CE was performed at 60 % of reserve heart rate ( HR ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: None of the effects of vildagliptin remained after 4-wk washout from study medication .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: We analyzed the data on 115 adult recipients previously enrolled in a prospective randomized controlled trial of prophylaxis versus preemptive therapy for CMV .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Mean QALYs per patient over the 24-month trial period were 0.0522 ( SD , 0.0326 ) in the TC group and 0.1914 ( SD , 0.0398 ) in the FRA group , producing a significant difference of -0.1392 ( 95 % CI , -0.2349 to -0.0436 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The crude Whitacre needle PDPH risk was 9.6 % , and the crude Quincke needle PDPH risk was 15.6 % .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Here we expand on previous findings by demonstrating that breast-feeding may have an analgesic effect up to age 6 months and that in older children , both sucrose and lidocaine-prilocaine reduce vaccination pain .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Blood samples for cortisol and prolactin were taken every 15 min .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A sample of 292 patients discharged from an inpatient psychiatry service at an urban general hospital were randomly assigned either to an intervention group ( N = 147 ) , which received intensive outreach case management for periods ranging from 15 to 52 months after discharge , or to a control group ( N = 145 ) , which received standard aftercare services .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients were given 50 tablets of oral narcotic to be taken as needed .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: We also implemented a hand reaction time ( RT ) task in response to a visual signal .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Using logistic regression analysis , the data set from a randomized , parallel , placebo-controlled trial of misoprostol in 8,843 rheumatoid arthritis patients taking NSAIDs ( the Misoprostol Ulcer Complications Outcomes Safety Assessment trial ) was modeled to identify risk factors for GI adverse events .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: We report on a double-blind clinical trial of 94 female breast cancer patients receiving at least four cycles of chemotherapy randomly assigned to receive either 20 mg of the selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor ( SSRI ) paroxetine ( Paxil , SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals ) or an identical-appearing placebo .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: In the group of women without constipation ( n = 112 ) there were statistically significant variations in equal sense but of smaller magnitude , with the exception of pain which , having a very low value in the basal period , did not experience changes .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The treatment group required less rescue analgesic therapy than did the control group ( mean [ SD ] , 314.8 [ 53.9 ] and 842.6 [ 122.7 ] mg acetaminophen ; p = .04 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: This economic comparison of laparoscopic versus open hernia repair was undertaken on data collected on 104 patients undergoing surgery on a day case basis , in the context of a randomized controlled trial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A double-blind prospective randomized controlled clinical study .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Removal of the endocervix by reverse conization during laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy appears to have no effect in terms of reduced bleeding or improved patient satisfaction .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Week 1 was the dosage titration phase .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Conversely , excessive healing impairment may increase the risk of complications due to unhealed dissection .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was a statistically significant difference in mean pain score during incision and curettage with more pain in the gel group ( A = 2.84 vs. B = 4.83 ) , ( p = 0.0012 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The median time to onset of analgesia was 71 minutes for GW406381 50 mg , 72 minutes for GW406381 70 mg , and 36 minutes for naproxen .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The primary study was a randomized trial comparing over 72 weeks the efficacy of two antiretroviral drug combinations in a population of adult HIV-1-infected patients : group 1 , [ lamivudine ( 3TC ) - stavudine ( d4T ) - IDV ( 800 mg three times daily ) ] and group 2 , [ Nevirapine ( NVP ) - d4T - IDV ( 1000 mg three times daily ) ] .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Time until task completion and task accuracy via instrument tip trajectory ( path of the tip through space ) were recorded .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A statistically and clinically significant association was observed 2 days after surgery between methylprednisolone administration and increased oral aperture and diminished facial swelling .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Comparison of the population norm and clinical trial data showed that treatment with epoetin alfa resulted in clinically meaningful as well as statistically significant improvements in QOL ( P < .01 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Further larger studies are required to confirm this finding .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: MR angiography and duplex imaging revealed an improved restenosis rate for infrapopliteal lesions and for lesions longer than 10 cm ( P = .0016 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients were randomly assigned to stent implantation versus CABG .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The four drug classes lowered 24-h mean SBP ( P < .05 ) , but the fall with atenolol was less than with the other drugs .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Serum 25 ( OH ) D concentrations in both vitamin D2 treatment groups were also significantly different ( p = 0.04 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: A 0.25-mg / kg bolus of abciximab was administered at the site of the infarct lesion via a local drug delivery catheter .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Pain and sedation observations were videotaped and scored by three additional evaluators .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Significant improvements in confidence scores were observed with vardenafil compared with placebo ( P < 0.0001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In-silico protein-protein interaction analysis was performed to study the predictive functional interaction of TAZ with other oncoproteins .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was significant improvement in contractility after UF in both groups ( mean + / - SD , Group A : -0.28 + / -0.13 to -0.01 + / -0.21 circ/s , p < 0.05 ; Group B : -0.26 + / -0.16 to -0.11 + / -0.17 circ/s , p < 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Daily application of fluoride gel was significantly more effective than the other treatments tested .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The dogs were divided into groups based on defect treatment : small intestinal submucosa meniscal implant ( n = 29 ) or meniscectomy ( n = 22 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Cognitive rehabilitation has shown efficacy in improving cognition in patients with schizophrenia but the underlying neurobiologic changes that occur during these treatments and support cognitive improvement are not well known .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Heart rate and end-expired CO2 concentration were monitored .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: To assess the effects of an expressive writing ( EW ) intervention on perceptions of emotional support in women completing treatment for early stage breast cancer .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Over a 1-year period , 110 gynecologic oncology patients undergoing extensive intra-abdominal surgery were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of postoperative nasogastric tube versus intra-operative orogastric tube decompression .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Normothermic CPB has become more common , but it remains unknown whether it reduces post-operative lung function compared with hypothermic CPB .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Resistance to nalidixic acid is a marker of reduced susceptibility to older generation fluoroquinolones , such as ciprofloxacin .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Galactagogue herbal tea containing fenugreek has no detectable effect on global oxidant and antioxidant status of HM .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Thus our data suggest that overdrive pacing exerts a mild effect on respiratory events in some heart failure patients with OSA ; however , atrial overdrive pacing was not therapeutically effective for improving airway patency and sleep-related respiratory function .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: In the statins group , 80 patients were treated with statins before and after coronary angiography .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , replacement of the screw with bone did not take place for up to 3 years postoperatively .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: To investigate the effect of a new treatment for neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage with hemocoagulase in addition to mechanical ventilation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: There were no significant differences in incidence of TEAE between the treatment groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Otherwise 72 of 150 patients ( 48 % ) were used as a control group ( group 2 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Atypical demyelinating symptoms were often seen .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: These factors are in principle open to manipulation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: To explore the impacts of Yishen Jiangzhuo Granule ( YJG ) on peripheral blood B-cells and regulatory T-cells ( Treg ) in patients with chronic renal insufficiency ( CRI ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Clinical parameters ( modified sulcus bleeding index , plaque index , probing depth [ PD ] , and clinical attachment level [ CAL ] ) were recorded at baseline and 2 and 6 months , and radiographic parameters at baseline and 6 months .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Secondary outcome measures were difference in percent change of ODI scores and Visual Analog Scale ( VAS ) 6 and 12 months after intervention and success rates defined as at least 50 % reduction in ODI scores and VAS scores ( mean change from baseline ) at 3 , 6 , and 12 months after treatment .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The resulting dosing rules were : increase the dosage by 100 mg/d if the initial plasma concentration was < 7 micrograms/mL ; increase the dosage by 50 mg/d if the initial plasma concentration is 7 to < 12 micrograms/mL ; increase the dosage by 30 mg/d if the initial plasma concentration is > or = 12 micrograms/mL .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Urban health center .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Paper handouts with equivalent content did not improve compliance .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients with measurable metastatic RCC and a good performance status were randomized to receive either 720,000 U/kg ( high-dose [ HD ] ) or 72,000 U/kg ( low-dose [ LD ] ) , both given by intravenous ( IV ) bolus every 8 hours .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , study patients who developed methemoglobinemia were more likely to be hospitalized ( 89.5 % vs 57.6 % , P = .005 ) , be anemic ( 84.2 % vs 44.7 % , P = .002 ) , and have active systemic infection ( 68.4 % vs 6.8 % ; P < .001 ) at the time of TEE compared with the random control cohort .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In 10 cases ( 8.33 % ) the patient excluded himself from the schedule .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Blacks were found to have a significantly lower socioeconomic status than whites as measured by marital and educational status , occupation , income , housing , and number of individuals residing in household .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The total amount of allergen recovered at age 1 year was 29-fold ( 95 % CI 15.1 - to 56.7-fold ) higher in the control group than in the active group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The treatment was well tolerated , there being no differences between both groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The objective of this study is to compare the costs , from a societal standpoint , of simple decompression versus anterior subcutaneous transposition in Euros .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: It also describes the correlates of pressure ulcer knowledge at admission and discharge .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: The objective was to test the safety and efficacy of a pulsatile oxytocin infusion protocol in which a computer-controlled pump adjusts the oxytocin dose rate on the basis of uterine activity .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Clarithromycin combined with tanshinone can be an effective regimen for treatment of rhinosinusal and laryngeal radiation injury induced by radiotherapy in NPC patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Data were collected from January 1999 through April 2002 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Endoscopic intervention was aimed at when spurting bleeding , oozing bleeding , or a visible vessel was observed .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Severe intraventricular hemorrhage ( IVH ) ( grade 3 and 4 ) did not differ between the two groups ( Infasurf , 11.8 % vs Exosurf , 8.3 % ; ARR 1.41 ; 95 % CI , .94 to 2.09 ) but total IVH occurred more frequently in Infasurf-treated infants ( Infasurf , 39.0 % vs Exosurf , 29.9 % ; ARR , 1.30 ; 95 % CI , 1.08 to 1.57 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Participants were then randomized via a computer program to standard self-help ( n = 86 ) , augmented self-help ( n = 90 ) , or no-intervention ( n = 86 ) conditions .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: We enrolled 203 consecutive patients with AMI ( mean age 62 + / - 11 years ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Both results were not significantly different ( p > 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: This randomized phase III trial was designed to determine whether topically applied RA reversed moderate cervical intraepithelial neoplasia ( CIN ) II or severe CIN .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients with perioperative infarction displayed peak levels some hours later in all marker proteins .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the TT level around the ovulation period is related to the outcome of pregnancy in women with PCOS .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Both groups were comparable at baseline .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Forty-four patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Thirty female intramural basketball players with no history of knee injury ( age = 21.07 + / - 2.82 years , height = 171.27 + / - 4.66 cm , mass = 66.36 + / - 7.41 kg ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The influence on structural brain development has never been evaluated .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Little is known about the effects of alterations in fatty acid classes on adiponectin , a hormone secreted by the adipocyte known to be important in the development of diabetes and cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Controversy has surrounded the technique of circular stapled anopexy since an isolated report of a high incidence of persistent postdefaecation pain following the procedure .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The patients who received a femoral nerve block ( along with standard pain management ) had significantly lower pain scores at five , fifteen , thirty , sixty , and ninety minutes following the block than did the patients who received standard pain management alone ( p < 0.001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The OSFM disinfection involves dealing with the remaining oropharyngeal niches such as tonsils , saliva , tongue , and mucosa .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: A typical muscle stretching protocol performed during preexercise warm-ups does not produce clinically meaningful reductions in risk of exercise-related injury in army recruits .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: The effects of the two groups were compared .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Lornoxicam 8 mg b.d. caused significantly less mucosal injury than naproxen 500 mg b.d. in the stomach/duodenal bulb , as well as in the mid/distal duodenum .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Pioglitazone treatment improved insulin resistance and decreased visceral fat accumulation without significant changes in plasma glucose levels , glycosylated hemoglobin A1c levels , and lipid profiles .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Department of Ophthalmology , Johannes Gutenberg-University , Mainz , Germany .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study was carried out with Mizolastine in sixty patients with perennial allergic rhinitis .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients were divided randomly into three groups that received 5 , 10 and 20 J/cm ( 2 ) , with cumulative UVA doses of 100 , 200 , and 400 J/cm ( 2 ) , respectively .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The median survival was 4.4 months in the radiotherapy alone ( RT ) arm and 3.7 months in the combined treatment ( RTC ) arm ( P = 0.64 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Time to clinical worsening has been proposed as a primary end point in clinical trials of pulmonary arterial hypertension ( PAH ) ; however , neither standardized nor validated definitions of clinical worsening across PAH trials exist .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: We then compared the strengths and weaknesses of each potential definition by examining the relationship between baseline and 6-month Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire scores for each patient .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}]