["[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-01 00:00]\n<User>The following are classification training examples with labels:\n\nSample: Fifteen overweight ( body mass index , 23 kg/m ( 2 ) ) Asian Indians without diabetes who were 25-45 years old participated in a randomized crossover study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To examine the effects of the carbohydrase inhibitor miglitol ( BAY m 1099 ) on the metabolic profiles of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ( NIDDM ) patients suboptimally controlled on maximal daily doses of sulfonylurea ( SFU ) agents .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The median fraction of time when pain was rated as moderate or worse ( upper and lower quartile ) : AE : 33 % ( 12 % , 64 % ) , AA : 22 % ( 6 % , 56 % ) , NN : 30 % ( 7 % , 53 % ) did not differ significantly among the treatment groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Data from three randomized-controlled trials of intentional WL in older adults with similar functional outcomes ( short physical performance battery and Pepper assessment tool for disability ) were combined .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Six healthy men underwent angiotensin II challenges to determine a suitable dose required to increase their systolic blood pressure by approximately 30 mm Hg .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: HIV RNA levels , CD4 + and CD8 + cell subsets , and pharmacokinetic analyses of the protease inhibitors .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Capsaicin cough threshold , defined as the lowest concentration of capsaicin eliciting five or more coughs , was measured as an index of the airway cough reflex sensitivity .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Significant reduction was observed in the retinal arterio-venous circulation time ( AVCT ) in both groups ( P < 0.01 ) , the value was 7.635 + / -3.149 s before treatment and 5.165 + / -3.382 s after treatment in the treated group , and 7.737 + / -3.413 s and 5.313 + / -3.472 s in the control group respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Development of GA. .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To evaluate the influence of apical size on cleaning of the apical third of curved canals prepared with rotary instruments .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Eighty-four patients were randomized .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients with reflux symptoms were examined by endoscopy and included in a double-blind , comparative trial of placebo and ranitidine 150 mg b.i.d. for two weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Comparison of such changes with symptoms and patterns of mediator release could help in the understanding of mechanisms of immediate and late-phase reactions after allergen challenge and their clinical relevance .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The new Clavien 's classification of surgical complications showed marked severity in the control group than that in the Verapamil group ( P = 0.021 ) , especially in the grade I level ( P = 0.045 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To investigate whether cognitive-behavioral therapy ( CBT ) administered early in the course of rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) has long-term effects on health care use .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Treatment compliance and the incidence of side effects were also evaluated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These were the rate of benzodiazepine prescribing for all indications , for anxiety and for sleep disorders .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The two-thumb technique is superior to the two-finger technique , achieving greater depth , less variability , and less decay over time .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Secondary end points were postoperative transfusion requirements , haemoglobin levels , thrombo-elastometric variables and plasma concentrations of interleukin-6 , thrombin-anti-thrombin complex and D-dimer .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A significant ( P < .05 ) difference in ARI scores between the curing methods was determined ; no significant correlation between mean bond strengths and ARI scores was determined .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Only 32 % of patients in group 3 were transferred directly to the step-down unit compared with 85 % in group 4 ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: However , BSID MDI scores decreased during the first 18 months post partum among inner-city , low-socioeconomic-status infants in the present study .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A total 16 AEs ( 2.0 % ) were moderate ; no AE was severe .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: But 6 cycles after treatment , these changes restored to the baseline as those before treatment in WMG , while maintained in IMG ( P < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients presenting for uterine artery embolization ( UAE ) for leiomyomata at a single institution were randomly assigned to receive unilateral or bilateral femoral punctures .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: TNF - levels correlated with toxicity .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Overall , 33 % of BMS-275291 patients and 21 % of placebo patients discontinued treatment due to adverse events .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This study evaluated clinical usefulness of long-pulsed Nd : YAG laser ( LPNY ) for periorbital wrinkles in Asian patients .\n\nLabels: 3\n<Assistant>Thanks for letting me know. I'll keep track of this.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-02 00:00]\n<User>Here are some classification examples to learn from. Please pay attention to the labels:\n\nSample: Because of the high prevalence of depression and its significant adverse impact on prognosis of patients with ischemic heart disease ( IHD ) and HF , the Safety and Efficacy of Sertraline for Depression in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure ( SADHART-CHF ) trial aims to assess the effects of sertraline on response of depression as well as on the cardiac prognosis of patients with HF .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The data of this trial indicate that FTP is effective and safe , generally well-tolerated without severe AEs , in the treatment of subjects with elevated ALT levels over a 12 weeks period .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Seventy-one infants were included in the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Prospective randomized trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Descriptive analysis of data obtained by postal questionnaire and by personal interview and clinical examination by a trained nurse .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The scientific documentation of the implant system presents a great variation , and it is often difficult to compare studies of different systems .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: To compare the efficacy of combined amiodarone and irbesartan use versus amiodarone alone on maintaining sinus rhythm in rheumatic heart disease patients with persistent atrial fibrillation ( AF ) post valve replacement and cardioversion .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: We prospectively compared the efficacy of 2 such products commercially available in Canada .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Carprofen did not significantly alter renal function in healthy dogs anesthetized with propofol and isoflurane .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There were no differences in the other outcomes .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We randomly assigned participants to either the BB condition or the publicly available version -- usual care ( UC ) -- and then assessed the number of minutes of website use and satisfaction with each condition as well as changes in smoking behavior .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This study investigated the effect of the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor sildenafil on the pulmonary vascular response to hypoxia in humans and mice .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Immunologic priming ( initial presentation of an antigen to allow antibody responses on revaccination ) with vaccine directed toward an older avian influenza H5 strain might lead to secondary antibody responses to a single dose of more current H5 avian influenza vaccine .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Objective ( polysomnography ) and subjective ( sleep log ) measures of total sleep time , middle and terminal wake time after sleep onset ( WASO ) , and sleep efficiency ; questionnaire measures of global insomnia symptoms , sleep-related self-efficacy , and mood .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Pretreatment factors , such as serum sodium , systemic hemodynamics , and brain hemodynamics , thus should be considered when choosing between mannitol and HSS for patients with increased ICP .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To determine the extent to which beta-glucan reduces the glycemic index ( GI ) of oat products and whether high levels of beta-glucan impair palatability .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Patients were randomly assigned to receive imipramine , up to 300 mg/d , only ( n = 83 ) ; cognitive-behavioral therapy ( CBT ) only ( n = 77 ) ; placebo only ( n = 24 ) ; CBT plus imipramine ( n = 65 ) ; or CBT plus placebo ( n = 63 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Taping designed to inhibit or facilitate muscle activity via sensory stimulation does not affect vastus lateralis or vastus medialis obliquus activity in healthy subjects .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Follow-up occurred at 6 and 12 months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Glomerular filtration rate , renal plasma flow , neutral dextran and IgG clearance were measured every three months , arterial pressure and heart rate every month .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A common genetic polymorphism ( rs12325817 ) in the PEMT gene can also increase this risk .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: At inclusion the women on average were aged 50 and had been postmenopausal for seven months .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients with high grade hydronephrosis , vesicoureteral reflux or learning disabilities and those who had previously undergone urotherapy were excluded .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for these end points indicated that the additional benefits of FP , 200 microg/d , were achieved at a lower overall cost compared with placebo treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Educational outreach visits improve ADR reporting by pharmacists in terms of quantity and relevance .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We examined the effects of consuming an insoluble cereal fiber supplement on ability to sustain CR over 1 year in healthy overweight adults .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: GPs in the intervention arm ( Group 1 , n = 18 GPs ) participated in a small group based education program and were provided with the adapted guidelines .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Rehabilitation care after stroke is highly variable and increasingly shorter in duration .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The noninferiority of gadoterate meglumine to gadobutrol was shown for both on - and off-site readings .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No cases of sepsis occurred in the 23 boys in the DCC group , whereas 6 of the 19 boys in the ICC group had confirmed sepsis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This double-blind study identified which of the three main components of the procedure ( repeated needle passes , local anesthetic injections , or electrical stimulations ) is most painful , quantified its intensity , and recorded patients ' preferences for a future anesthetic .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: No significant change of plasma SOD and LPO was found in the control group after treatment ( P > 0.05 ) , while the plasma SOD activity increased and LPO content lowered in the treatment group significantly ( P < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Nonvented closed-delivery containers may be safely infused for up to 48 hours .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The reduction of these parameters after medication was similar .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Of them , 13.4 % ( BCR : 2.5-28 .6 % ) had LDL-cholesterol < 70 mg/dl , non-HDL-cholesterol < 100mg/dl , and apolipoprotein B < 80 mg/dl .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients who were not initially randomized to receive placebo continued to receive their target apremilast dose .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aim of this 52-week , open-label , non-inferiority trial was to compare the safety and efficacy of exenatide ( an incretin mimetic ) with that of biphasic insulin aspart .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Fecal levels of HNP1-3 and HBD2 decreased from the age of 3-6months ( P < 0.0001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Especially , there are almost no studies comparing the effects on epidermal cell populations in a quantitative manner .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Inhibition of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway by ZD2138 was assessed by measurements of urinary LTE4 levels and ex vivo calcium ionophore stimulated LTB4 generation in whole blood , before administration of drug or placebo and at regular time intervals after dosing and aspirin administration .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to test whether nitroprusside ( NTP ) injected intracoronary immediately before primary angioplasty for acute ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction ( STEMI ) prevents no-reflow and improves vessel flow and myocardial perfusion .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: A low-dose regimen should thus be considered for CWS , and for SWS associated with significant cerebral atrophy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We performed a clinical pharmacokinetic trial to compare the variability in peak antithrombin effect between subcutaneous unfractionated heparin and various LMWHs , all given in recommended weight-adjusted treatment doses .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: To compare the clinical and cost-effectiveness of two different compression bandages for the healing of venous leg ulcers .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Thirty-nine patients with definite polymyositis or dermatomyositis were randomly assigned to receive plasma exchange ( replacement of one volume of plasma with 5 percent albumin in saline ) , leukapheresis ( removal of 5 x 10 ( 9 ) to 10 x 10 ( 9 ) lymphocytes ) , or sham apheresis in a double-blind manner , with 12 treatments given over a one-month period .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Wrist-ankle acupuncture can reduce acute lumbago immediately and significantly .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The OP-care approach for a WHS mental module trended towards better performance in targeting work functioning , but our findings indicate that the EMH-care approach was non-inferior .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The dry-eye score was 1.3 points lower in women than in men ( P = .01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The absorption of moxifloxacin seems to be mildly delayed because of the effect of food ; the median tmax values were 1.0 and 2.5 hours for fasted and fed conditions , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thanks for sharing. I've committed this to memory.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-03 00:00]\n<User>These are labeled examples for classification tasks:\n\nSample: In the sham-treatment group , the same needles were inserted into nonpainful points .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: After T , 2 mg , in open conditions for 1 month , 69 patients were randomly assigned to be administered T , 2 mg , combined with V , 180 mg , plus a placebo or T , 2 mg , plus A , 5 mg , once a day in a double-blind fashion .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Diagnosis of FM is difficult due to the lack of reliable diagnostic biomarkers , while treatment is largely inadequate .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Secondary analysis of data from the Fracture Intervention Trial ( FIT ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Wound infection occurred in 10 drainage group patients ( 8 % ) and 12 patients ( 9 % ) in the non-drainage group ( P = 0.629 ) ; there was no significant difference in the probability of wound infection ( P = 0.624 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Postoperative complications occurred in 6 ( 8 % ) patients : 3 ( 12 % ) in group A , 2 ( 6.9 % ) in group B , and 1 ( 4.7 % ) in group C. Postoperative mortality occurred in 2 ( 8 % ) patients in group A ( 2.7 % of all patients ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: ARTS-DN is the first phase 2b trial of finerenone in combination with a RAS inhibitor in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and a clinical diagnosis of DN .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Adults with asthma registered with family doctors in Sheffield UK were screened for anxiety and 94 highly anxious patients were randomly allocated to receive either a cognitive behavioural intervention to improve self-management of their anxiety ( n = 50 ) or routine clinical care ( n = 44 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patient knowledge of imaging findings does not alter outcome and is associated with a lesser sense of well-being .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Secondary outcome measures included changes in plasma lipids , A1C , fasting glucose , insulin sensitivity , and anthropometric measures .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Arterial blood pressure , heart rate , respiratory rate , abdominal electromyographic activity , and intra-balloon pressure were monitored .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Hemoglobin levels increased ( p < .001 ) and blood loss was reduced ( p < .001 ) in both groups after 1 year of treatment .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Images with definite or possible abnormalities were mixed with randomly selected images and were referred to a third neuroradiologist for a completely blinded review .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The average volume of fluid supplementation in C group was lower than that in A and B groups ( P < 0.01 ) , though the average sodium supplementation in C group was higher than that in B group within 3 PBDs ( P < 0.01 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After six months , the mean reduction in tHcy was slightly but significantly greater for patients receiving intravenous folic acid ( 12.2 + / - 18.5 micromol/L ) compared with patients not receiving it ( 8.3 + / - 9.8 micromol/L , P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This article describes the prevalence and correlates of sonographically detected carotid atherosclerosis in men with low levels of HDL-C and CHD but without elevated levels of LDL-C or total cholesterol .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Upon the request of the US Food and Drug Administration , 205 fatal events were readjudicated applying ICD-10 coding rules for sudden death .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Acarbose improved long-term glycemic control in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus regardless of concomitant antidiabetic medication .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Correlation , agreement , and reliability analyses were performed between the average pain intensity measured 3 times a day over a course of 4 days and one single pain rating ( designated the `` recalled average '' pain , as assessed by the patient ) before treatment and at 1 - , 3 - , and 6-month periods after treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients were treated with ketoconazole/clindamycin vaginal tablets or metronidazole / nistatine ovules for 6 days .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: AAP levels were lower in general in subjects taking the 20-mg dose of nitrendipine .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The present findings demonstrate the utility of the prospective Life Chart Method for assessing longitudinal mood stability during randomized clinical trials for bipolar disorder .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Taking NaP the evening before and morning of colonoscopy improved bowel cleansing compared with taking it entirely the day before .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: After the exposures to dust spiked with the glucan and aldehydes , the nasal volume decreased ( -1.33 and -1.39 cm ( 3 ) ( mean ) , respectively ) when compared with the -0.9 cm ( 3 ) after clean air or office dust ( P = 0.036 for a difference in decrease between exposures ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Data were analyzed according to the intention-to-treat principle .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Furthermore , no conclusive evidence was found regarding the cost-effectiveness of adding ASA to the treatment of hypertension .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: On the 1st day after the discontinuation of the medication but before the treatment , the scores for the menstrual pattern and the related symptoms were obtained and the blood samples were collected to test the reproductive hormones .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Four years after stopping active intervention , the reduced incidence of MetS was maintained ( Log-rank test , p = 0.002 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In a double-masked , randomized , parallel-group study , 58 postmenopausal women were treated with 25 microgram or 10 microgram of 17 beta-E2 for 12 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: An increase in HDL cholesterol ( 48.6 % ) was found in the group consuming inositol with respect to the placebo group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Excessive weight gain during pregnancy is a risk factor for postpartum weight retention and future weight gain and obesity .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: There was no significant effect of VAS in infancy on atopy later in childhood .\n\nLabels: 1\n<Assistant>I've captured all of this valuable information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-04 00:00]\n<User>Here are some classification examples to learn from. Please pay attention to the labels:\n\nSample: At treatment end , both doses of esomeprazole significantly improved FEV ( 1 ) versus placebo ( +0.09 L and +0.12 L ; P = 0.0039 and P < 0.0001 , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary analysis result did not show a difference in OS for the bevacizumab arm compared to the placebo arm [ hazard ratio , 1.11 ( 95 % CI , 0.79-1 .56 ) ; P = 0.5567 ] .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Anesthesia was based on propofol and fentanyl combined with sevoflurane .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: AT did not improve DFS or overall survival in this population , and was associated with more toxicity .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Ambulatory transcranial Doppler has recently been developed ; prolonged recording may reduce subject numbers required to determine therapeutic efficacy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The higher level of anxiety in the mothers in the NIDCAP-group , may mirror that the mothers in the NIDCAP-group had already bonded to their infants during the hospital stay .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Zero fluoroscopy was achieved in 13 pts ( 15 % of total , 5 ICE , 8 no ICE ) , and low-dose cases ( < 50 mGy ) in 57 pts ( 68 % of total , 33 ICE , 24 no ICE ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: An Imaging Study in Patients With Unstable Atherosclerotic Lesions [ PROSPECT ] ; NCT00180466 ) .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients with disability progression defined using EDSS , the physician-derived primary outcome measure , had Physical SIP scores indicating worsening disability , validating the physician-derived primary outcome measure using patient self-report .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Haemodynamic data and myocardial function were monitored .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The heart rate , cardiac index , stroke volume index , and left ventricular ejection fraction were measured before and 10 and 60 minutes after the drug administration .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The primary outcome , median access survival , was similar inboth groups : 16.0 ( IQR , 10.6-29 .3 ) and 18.4 ( IQR , 10.9-32 .7 ) months for standard and buttonhole needling , respectively ( P = 0.2 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Extrapyramidal symptom data were analyzed for 1796 patients treated with olanzapine ( 5 to 20 mg/day ) and 810 patients treated with haloperidol ( 5 to 20 mg/day ) for up to 6 weeks of therapy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: It can effectively alleviate inflammatory reaction and relieve ischemia and swelling of nerve fibers .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Chronic gastritis was treated with herbal pairs in order to reduce the side effects and raise the therapeutic effects .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: However , despite being shown to often co-exist , they are typically treated as independent conditions .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: In a clinical context , this implies that some types of pain may be attenuated up to the supraspinal level after lumbar epidural administration of morphine .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Mortality was more among low birth weight babies irrespective of the antibiotics .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: As an outcome measure , we looked at whether lens wear caused more bacterial binding to surface corneal cells .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These findings will permit a better interpretation of doctor-patient relationships .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The efficacy of vaccinia melanoma oncolysate ( VMO ) vaccine to increase overall survival and disease-free survival of patients with surgically resected International Union Against Cancer ( UICC ) stage II melanoma was studied in a phase III , randomized , multi-institutional trial .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: During a 15-month period from 1990 to 1992 , a total of 126 patients entered the 2-year study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Sensitization to insulin with pioglitazone reduces the amount of insulin precursor species present in fasting and postprandially and may reduce cardiovascular risk .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: It is a tool for APNs to measure structure , process , and outcome quality of a patient-centred and individually-tailored counselling program , including the degree of patient participation , and patient empowerment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In the present study , we evaluated how perioperative intensive insulin therapy ( IIT ) influences the inflammatory response in an artificial pancreas during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: = 4.18 ) were more likely to receive a screening at the end of the program .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Outcomes after 7 months were death , proportion needing long-term care , and change in neurological and functional state assessed by the Scandinavian Stroke Scale and Barthel Index .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: GFT505 improved peripheral insulin sensitivity , with a 21 % ( P = 0.048 ) increase of the GIR at the second insulin infusion period .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This double-masked randomized study is designed to evaluate the effectiveness of autologous PRF in the treatment of mandibular degree II furcation defects compared with open flap debridement ( OFD ) .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The absorptive pattern of fatty acids in full term babies , when quantified did not show any conspicous alterations in relation to the accepted values of other ages .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients with MI may benefit from intensive lowering of LDL-C without an increase in noncardiovascular mortality or other serious adverse reactions.Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier : NCT00159835 .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Safety , tolerability , blood drug concentrations and ex vivo Il-1 production in blood were evaluated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Group-I reported temperature reduction from 101.351.23 F to 98.800.72 F while temperature reduction in Group-II was from 101.421.33 F to 98.90.85 F. Group-I reported reduction in mean VAS was from 6.162.37 to 1.441.70 in comparison to Group-II from 5.972.45 to 1.381.78 .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Noted. I'll remember these details.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-05 00:00]\n<User>I'm sharing some classification data with labels for you to learn:\n\nSample: Of the three needle sizes tested , only 14-gauge long-throw biopsy needles can be recommended for breast biopsy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: HbA1C and safety criteria were evaluated on days 1 , 28 , 56 , and 84 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: RV outflow tract pacing did not improve hemodynamics .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Second primary tumours may develop at the same site .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The one shot HTK solution offers inferior RV protection compared with WBC , mainly in patients with depressed pre-operative RV function .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In the patients randomized to intracoronary saline infusion , prewarmed normal saline was injected through the coronary artery guide catheter at a rate of 1 to 2 ml/s using a power injector .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The results showed significant differences ( P < 0.05 ) for both groups for PD , r-CAL , and OL for intragroup comparisons over time .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: We compared , during weaning from mechanical ventilation , two methods of measurement to determine which shows the greater values ( MIPbest ) and is more reproducible .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Dexamethasone 8 mg i.v. is a safe and effective method to reduce PONV and pain after thyroid resection and we advise its routine use .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The patients received bilateral implantation in the subthalamic nucleus of a constant-current DBS device .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: One hundred three patients with OSAS .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Daily fluoxetine treatment is superior to placebo in improving the most common physical symptoms associated with premenstrual dysphoric disorder .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Additionally , wives exhibited a significant intervention effect in the reduction of the bothersome nature of caregiving ( p = .02 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To test the hypothesis that dexmedetomidine , a selective alpha-2 agonist , enhances urine flow rate and perioperative renal function , a post hoc analysis was conducted on a recently completed study of dexmedetomidine used as an adjunct to epidural analgesia after thoracotomy .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: By 72 weeks , an estimated 61.1 % of the randomized youths had reached remission .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A patient completed agenda form before the consultation or general practitioner education about the agenda form , or both , enabled the identification of more problems in consultations even though consultations were longer .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The median distance visual acuity ( DVA ) in radiation-treated eyes decreased from 20/80 at baseline to 20/320 ( mean loss rate , 4.14 lines ) at 1-year follow-up .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The average pain score immediately after the IVI was 2.77 ( SD 2.12 ) for the whole group ( 2.85 , SD 2.23 with tetracaine and 2.67 , SD 2.00 with lidocaine ; p = 0.73 , Mann-Whitney U-test ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The odds of still breastfeeding by 3 months postpartum ( among those breastfeeding by 1 month ) were lower in Mombasa , Nairobi , and Somkhele ( compared with Bobo-Dioulasso ) and among infants with neonatal morbidity [ 0.60 ( 0.37-0 .976 ) ] .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Prophylactic use of fresh-frozen plasma ( FFP ) is common practice in patients with a coagulopathy undergoing an invasive procedure .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Longitudinal data analyses showed no significant differences between the treatment arms for any of the pre-specified scales .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Subgroup analysis showed that experienced mobile phone users performed significantly better than non-experienced individuals , but not as well as participants with advanced first aid knowledge .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This difference was due primarily to the longer survival of very premature infants ( less than or equal to 26 weeks ' gestation ) in the prophylaxis group than in the rescue-therapy group ( 75 vs. 54 percent , P = 0.006 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 4 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Two hundred twelve patients were studied .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In children with postintubation croup , the administration of NLE at the dose of 0.05 mL/kg results in similar improvements in the UAO scores , compared with the dose of 0.5 mL/kg .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: At the last follow-up , there was a significant improvement in Constant score ( P < .01 ) postoperatively in all patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: EMG and mechanical parameters during the fatiguing exercise protocol did not show significant differences in muscle fatigue between the two groups after supplementation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: University-based sports science center .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Other mechanisms than a modulation of phagocytosis , burst or T cell apoptosis by RW polyphenols , ingested either with or without alcohol , might explain the protective effects of RW against CHD observed in epidemiological studies .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The overall safety profile of PCT PLTs was comparable to untreated PLTs .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Weekly donations generate only a moderate increase in endogenous erythropoietin production .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Tolerability was assessed by monitoring and recording all adverse events ( AEs ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The HECSI difference between both groups after 52 weeks was 8.7 ( standard error 5.3 , 95 % confidence interval -1.8 -18.9 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The objectives of the current study were to determine : ( a ) whether CSF abnormalities in MS patients correlated with disease or MRI characteristics , and ( b ) effects of IFNbeta-1a therapy on these CSF abnormalities .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: A randomised , double blind , placebo controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Overall mean cervical dilation rates in patients who achieved full cervical dilation were 2.3 + / - 2.6 cm/h and 1.3 + / - 0.71 cm/h ( P = 0.0154 ) in the combined spinal-epidural and epidural groups , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Most traditional methods of maintaining trauma patient temperature during prehospital transport appear to be inadequate .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Using the evidence-based findings of this trial , medical professionals should be able to explain the benefits conferred by Anma massage to cancer survivors and provide higher-quality information to better inform patients regarding their decisions about whether to receive such therapy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Initially , the sildenafil ( n = 127 ) or matching placebo ( n = 127 ) dose was 50 mg but could be increased to 100 mg or decreased to 25 mg because of a lack of efficacy or intolerance , respectively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Different techniques are being tried to decrease the postoperative pain in patients operated for CTS .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Oxytocin solutions were prepared by a central pharmacy and infusion volumes ( mL/hour ) were identical , thus ensuring double masking .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients and examiners were completely blinded .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The mean pain scores in the placebo , lidocaine gel , and lidocaine suppositories applied 1 h and 2 h before biopsy were 36.2 , 40.9 , 29.2 and 21.2 , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The HR was decreased significantly after induction , except in thiopental .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 21 diabetic men were randomly assigned to receive a total dose of 250 , 500 or 750 mg of GLY-230 or placebo ( 1:1:1:1.2 ratio ) daily for 14 days to evaluate safety and the effect of drug on plasma concentrations of glycated albumin and on urinary albumin .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Carer levels of unmet needs were significantly associated with carer age , hospital type , treatment type , cancer type , living situation , relationship status ( in both uni - and multi-factor analysis ) ; person with cancer age and carer level of education ( in unifactor analysis only ) ; but not with carer gender or patient gender ( in both uni - and multi-factor analyses ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Fish oil omega-3 fatty acids exert anti-inflammatory effects on patients with ulcerative colitis ( UC ) , but the precise mechanism of the action of fish oil on oxidative stress is still controversial .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Median survival was 11.1 months ( 95 % CI 9.2-13 .0 ) and 8.6 months ( 95 % CI 7.0-10 .2 ) for groups A and B respectively ( P = 0.147 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The present study investigated the influence of race on posttraumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) treatment among 94 African American and 214 Caucasian female victims of interpersonal violence participating in 2 studies of cognitive-behavioral treatment for PTSD that were conducted sequentially and continuously .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Azimilide significantly ( P < 0.05 ) prolonged monophasic action potential duration compared to baseline at all cycle lengths except for the 250 millisecond cycle length .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Thanks for sharing. I've committed this to memory.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-06 00:00]\n<User>Here are categorized examples with their respective labels:\n\nSample: The abnormalities of fetal heart rate , the mode of delivery and the incidence of side effects were also similar .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This is among the first pharmacogenetic studies to suggest interaction between genotype and treatment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: We did this randomised trial to assess the effect of adjuvant radiotherapy on lymph-node field control in patients who had undergone therapeutic lymphadenectomy for metastatic melanoma in regional lymph nodes .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Skin telangectasia was noted in two radiotherapy patients , while hypertrophic breast scars were only noted in six nonirradiated patients .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Carvedilol and nebivolol reduce HVPG in cirrhotic patients ; however , the effect of carvedilol on the HVPG reduction might be superior to that of nebivolol , especially after 14 days of treatment .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to investigate non-compliance to aromatase inhibitors and factors associated with early treatment discontinuation in the extended adjuvant setting .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Participants were 128 alcohol-dependent patients who participated in a clinical placebo-controlled trial of naltrexone .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Intravenous ketoprofen or saline was provided as a bolus and a continuous infusion in addition to epidural sufentanil infusion , which was adjusted as clinically required .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Methoxyflurane ( MEOF ) is self-administered by a handheld device ( the Penthrox inhaler ) , which is licensed in Australia for the relief of pain associated with short surgical procedures .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Reactive hypoglycemia causes a prompt rise in glucagon despite pharmacological circulating concentrations of GLP-1 .3 ) .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: There was not significant differences in the sTNFR1 level in the control group before and after operation ( all P > 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To compare acute pain response during immunisation in infants using a slow standard of care injection technique versus a rapid pragmatic technique .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: After the scheduled two-week 's post-operative period , all survived rats were reopened for second-look laparotomy to detect the following parameters : a - adhesion , b - manometric study , c - histopathological study .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This is a prospective randomized study registered at clinicaltrials.gov ( NCT01263431 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Rectal DATM is faster in parasite clearance than quinine and is a safe and convenient alternative to quinine in the treatment of severe malaria .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Thrice-daily BIAsp 30 offered greater reduction in A1C without increasing risk of hypoglycemia , insulin dose , and weight gain , especially in subjects with A1C > or = 9 % .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Mean exposure to the 7-OH metabolite was lower when methotrexate was given with lumiracoxib compared with placebo , shown by a reduction in AUC and C ( max ) , although similar amounts of the metabolite were recovered in urine following both lumiracoxib and placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After 72 weeks continuous adefovir treatment , 22.5 % of patients achieved HBV DNA < 80 IU/mL , compared with 10.6 % in peginterferon alfa-2a-treated patients at 6months off-treatment ( P = 0.02 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Bland Altman technique showed that the majority of the residuals were within mean bias + / -1.96 s.d.\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the pilot stage of this randomised controlled trial , 150 patients with radiologically staged locally advanced ( T3 with 5 mm invasion beyond the muscularis propria or T4 ) tumours from 35 UK centres were randomly assigned ( 2:1 ) to preoperative ( three cycles of OxMdG [ oxaliplatin 85 mg/m ( 2 ) , l-folinic acid 175 mg , fluorouracil 400 mg/m ( 2 ) bolus , then 2400 mg/m ( 2 ) by 46 h infusion ] repeated at 2-weekly intervals followed by surgery and a further nine cycles of OxMdG ) or standard postoperative chemotherapy ( 12 cycles of OxMdG ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A total of 168 patients were enrolled , and 114 patients completed the study .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This manipulation was associated with decreased drug-maintained responding at the lowest , but not the highest , reinforcing dose of morphine .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Even in patients without clinical improvement , treatment with infliximab plus MTX provided significant benefit with regard to the destructive process , suggesting that in such patients these 2 measures of disease are dissociated .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Ulcers and erosions ( prior to treatment 21 % and 31 % , respectively ) were detected statistically significantly less frequently under PPI treatment ( ulcers , D56 : 1 % , M6 and M12 , 0 % ; erosions , D56 : 2 % , M6 : 4 % , M12 , 3 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Venesection was performed at 4 weeks and 24 h before , and at 24 h , 48 h , 1 , 2 and 4 weeks after , clopidogrel cessation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Correlations between flow values were calculated using Pearson 's r. Variability components were assessed using ANOVA .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Minimal or mild endometriosis is frequently diagnosed in infertile women .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Between October 2006 and December 2007 , 32 patients with stage III/IV melanoma underwent therapeutic RALND and were randomized into two groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The findings of this study suggest which characteristics of patients with chronic low back pain are more likely to respond to laser acupuncture treatment , but require replication in other studies .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: However , participants in the internet group who reviewed the entire online presentation showed similar increases in PSA knowledge as video participants .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary outcome variable was duration from the beginning of the active phase to delivery .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Objective signs ( conjunctival congestion , redness , edema , and staining of cornea ) and subjective complaints ( photophobia , pain , foreign-body sensation , discomfort , and tearing ) were evaluated and scored .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Rumination is an abstract , persistent , and repetitive thinking style that can be adopted to control negative affect .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Adverse events ( AEs ) associated with cediranib were manageable .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Neonatal intensive care unit .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Postural blood pressure measurements and responses to head up tilt did not vary .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Outcome measures ( visual analogue pain scale , Shoulder Pain and Disability Index - SPADI - , patient 's satisfactory level and sleep interference score ) were assessed before treatment and at the 1st and 3rd months after treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Elderly patients treated with AA plus P showed improved OS ( HR : 0.64 ; 95 % CI , 0.478-0 .853 ; p = 0.0022 ) , TTPP ( HR : 0.76 ; 95 % CI , 0.503-1 .155 ; p = 0.1995 ) , and rPFS ( HR : 0.66 ; 95 % CI , 0.506-0 .859 ; p = 0.0019 ) , and higher PSA response rate with relative risk ( HR : 4.15 ; 95 % CI , 2.2-8 .0 ] ; p 0.0001 ) compared with patients treated with PL plus P. Grade 3/4 adverse events occurred in 62 % of elderly patients and in 60 % of patients aged < 75 yr treated with AA plus P. Incidences of hypertension and hypokalaemia , although increased in the AA plus P arm , were similar in both age subgroups and readily managed .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: A total of 315 women were randomly assigned to undergo the procedure of either TVT ( n = 160 ) or TVT-O ( n = 155 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This study failed to demonstrate any statistically significant difference in spasticity or in wrist PROM of both the volar and dorsal splint groups .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Hemorrhoidectomy can be considered to be a safe procedure for treatment of hemorrhoidal disease , with excellent long-term results .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The emergence of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to artemisinins on the Cambodian and Myanmar-Thai borders poses severe threats to malaria control .\n\nLabels: 0\n<Assistant>Thanks for the update. I've recorded these facts.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-07 00:00]\n<User>I'm providing classification data with labels for your reference:\n\nSample: Coronary heart disease ( CHD ) is markedly more common in men than in women .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Nausea and vomiting scores were lower in the sugammadex patients upon arrival in the postanesthesia care unit ( med : 0 [ min-max , 0-3 ] vs med : 0 [ min-max , 0-3 ] ; P < .05 ) , but thereafter low and comparable .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A new 1-L enteral feeding system with minimal chances of touching critical areas ( Nutrison Pack ) was compared with routinely used 0.5-L glass bottle systems .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Athletic trainers should avoid external administration to promote positive hydration behaviors .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Both the lidocaine/tetracaine patch and subcutaneous injection of lidocaine provided comparable pain control during arterial catheter insertion .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Registration trials of enoxaparin have been conducted primarily in Caucasian populations , and the efficacy and safety of enoxaparin in Japanese patients have not been demonstrated .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Thirty-one adults ( age [ mean + / - SD ] , 28.1 + / -7.3 years ) with autistic disorder ( n = 17 ) or pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified ( n = 14 ) participated in a 12-week double-blind , placebo-controlled trial of risperidone .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Further investigations are warranted in this field .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients were assigned to receive the experimental or control dentifrice .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Drug effect was calculated as the proportionate reduction in recognition for images of each emotional valence .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: However , locoregional reprogression was lower in responders to ICT .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Early phase E/FPV < 1.5 predicts more beneficial effects of cardiac rehabilitation in post-acute myocardial infarction patients who have undergone primary coronary intervention .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The reproducibility of the dichotomous classification of patients into salt-sensitive and - resistant was low both in terms of 24 h ambulatory and in terms of clinic blood pressure .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary outcomes were walking capacity , walking speed measured before and after the intervention , and fall rates monitored monthly .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Such attacks were more frequent in patients with MS ( P < .001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A total of 427 participants received armodafinil at 50 mg/d ( n = 142 ) , armodafinil at 150 mg/d ( n = 143 ) , or placebo ( n = 142 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The PAT outcome was combined with the ECG result ( ischemic , nonischemic , or equivocal ) , giving a PAT-enhanced value .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: One hundred thirty-one patients were included in this analysis .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: At 24 and 72 weeks ( 24 weeks after treatment completion ) , 23 % and 26 % had autoantibodies ( P = 0.50 , 0.48 compared with baseline ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: More than 4 symptoms were associated with a poor outcome on physical health ( OR 5.35 ( 95 % CI 2.28-12 .56 ) ) and on mental health ( OR 2.17 ( 95 % CI 1.02-4 .59 ) ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Exenatide plus lifestyle modification decreased caloric intake and resulted in weight loss in nondiabetic obesity with improved glucose tolerance in subjects with IGT and IFG .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To determine whether the use of subcutaneous local anaesthetic ( lignocaine ) is associated with a reduction in cannulation pain in the emergency department setting .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: To investigate the effect of preoperative ibuprofen administration on renal function during and after infrarenal aortic surgery under thoracolumbar epidural anaesthesia ( EPA ) .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Skin breakdown was significantly more common with BiPAP after 24 hours ( 10 % vs 3 % ; 95 % CI , 7.3 % -13.4 % vs 1.8 % -5.6 % ; P < .001 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Intravitreous fomivirsen is well tolerated with an acceptable safety profile .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The primary outcome was walking speed , measured by 7.62 m and 500 m walk tests .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: At year 1 , 35.7 % of the abnormalities in the affected eyes and 34.4 % in the fellow eyes consisted of localized defects .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Corneal topography tests were performed at 1 week , 1 month , 3 months and 6 months postoperatively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The diagnosis of osteomyelitis is a challenge for diagnostic imaging .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Health-related quality-of-life ( HRQOL ) measures have been used as patient-reported outcomes in clinical trials in cystic fibrosis ( CF ) , but there are limited data on HRQOL changes over time in adults with CF.\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Fourteen healthy volunteers participated in two sessions with randomised injections of either hypertonic or isotonic saline into the right trapezius muscle or right temporalis muscle .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No gastric leak or peritonitis resulted .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>I've captured all of this valuable information.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-08 00:00]\n<User>The following are classification examples with their corresponding labels:\n\nSample: No major side-effects were noted .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Pulmonary hypertension can already be present in patients undergoing cardiac surgery or can be exacerbated by cardiopulmonary bypass .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In this single-dose study in these healthy Korean subjects , the generic and branded formulations of chlorphenesin carbamate 250 and 500 mg met the regulatory criteria for bioequivalence .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Preoperative intravenous iron sucrose administration is more effective than oral iron and is as safe as oral iron therapy in the correction of preoperative anemia due to menorrhagia .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Systolic ( 65.9 + / - 3.6 vs. 47.7 + / - 4.2 cm/s mean + / - SE , p = 0.02 ) and mean peak velocity ( 35.4 + / - 1.6 vs. 24.5 + / - 1.8 cm/s , p = 0.007 ) were significantly higher in cirrhotic than in healthy subjects whereas the resistive and pulsatility indices were not different .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Then the patients received either 1.5 g of sulbactam plus ampicillin ( n = 60 ; group 1 ) or 2 g of cefazolin ( n = 60 ; group 2 ) intravenously as a single-shot antibiotic prophylaxis according to a prospective randomized sequence .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Secondly , to assess the effects of chronic tea consumption , a randomised crossover trial of tea ( 126.8 + / -13.5 mg flavonoids ) and coffee consumption was carried out in ten healthy subjects .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Input variables included age , gender , baseline alcohol intake , and levels of anxiety , depression , alcohol dependence , and alcohol-related problems .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This was a 26-week randomized , double-blind , multicenter study of a single intra-articular knee injection with either NASHA or placebo ( saline ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: No CYP2C19-dependent difference or obvious adverse effect were found in any ilaprazole groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The fiber supplements consisted of the viscous fibers glucomannan ( Chrombalance ) , glucomannan and guar gum ( Appe-Trim ) and glucomannan , guar gum and alginat ( Glucosahl ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The amount of ketobemidone was similar in both groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Colchicine also reduced the secondary endpoint ( respectively , 0.6 vs. 5.0 % ; P = 0.024 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This was an open , randomized , placebo-controlled , two-way crossover study of 18 healthy male volunteers .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: These findings show that the inexpensive and widely available combination AQ+SP may be valuable in for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Madagascar and could have an important role in this country , where much of the drugs administered go to patients who do not have malaria .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The number of individuals needed to refer for colonoscopy to detect one APN was 6 ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] = 4 to 7 ) , 8 ( 95 % CI = 6 to 9 ) , and 10 ( 95 % CI = 8 to 12 ) when the UK , SCORE , and NORCCAP criteria were used , respectively .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Eleven patients were subsequently randomized in crossover fashion to receive oral disopyramide ( 800 mg/day ) or placebo during 1 week .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Methylphenidate administered twice daily at a dose of .30 mg/kg ; placebo administered according to the same schedule in identical pill form .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on BMD and bone metabolism in these subjects .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Systolic blood pressure , diastolic blood pressure , total cholesterol levels , and use of in-person health care services did not differ between the two groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To study the therapeutic mechanism of Yinchen Dandao decoction ( YCDDD ) in treating acute cholangitis .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The splint side and control side were randomly selected .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The colonization density of S. aureus was markedly higher in lesional than in nonlesional skin , both in patients with eczema and with AD ( P < 0.01 , P < 0.05 ) , and was positively correlated with lesion severity .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The procedures were successful in 93 of 105 ( 88.6 % ) for etomidate and 106 of 109 ( 97.2 % ) for propofol ( difference -7.4 % ; 95 % CI -14.3 % to -1.1 % ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: A total of 338 patients were recruited into randomized ( n = 203 ) and patient preference ( n = 135 ) follow-up groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Ninety-three unrelated Japanese leprosy patients ( 46 patients with a history of uveitis and 47 patients without uveitis ) and 114 healthy control subjects were investigated .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: All 3 treatments , however , have an estrogen-like effect on serum lipid profile .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The final bleb scores in all the groups were similar ( p = 0.873 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Abediterol 0.625-2 .5 g provided dose-dependent , clinically and statistically significant bronchodilation versus placebo in patients with asthma , with a peak effect similar to salbutamol and duration of action compatible with once-daily dosing .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The chi squared goodness of fit test was used to determine the probability of the number of correctly and incorrectly identified needles .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: However , no significant difference in the levels of markers was seen between the groups at any time point when controlling for demographics , ASA physical status , body mass index , duration of ventilation , or estimated blood loss .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The diabetic patients treated with Mydriasert had less mydriasis than those treated with eyedrops after 20 and 40 minutes , and diabetic patients showed less mydriasis than the nondiabetic patients after 60 and 90 minutes .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: All drugs were well tolerated .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: TAZ mutations are associated with several diseases , but studies on the role of TAZ protein in carcinogenesis and radiotherapy ( RT ) response is lacking .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: The numbers of oocytes retrieved , mature oocytes , fertilized oocytes , and good-quality embryos were significantly higher in the TTG pretreatment group .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Fasting triacylglycerol was significantly lower after the high-protein diet than after the control diet .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In adults at increased risk of CVD provision of personalised 10-year CVD risk estimates did not appear to increase physical activity or estimated CVD risk over a one-month period .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Participants ranged in age between 59-95 years and were randomized to InSight cognitive training or a control condition .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The interactive group had statistically significantly higher scores ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: ml ( -1 ) , P < 0.01 ) and sVCAM-1 ( 1247 + / -103 vs 1095 + / -100 ng .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Acyclovir pharmacokinetic profiles were obtained after the initial dose ( 36 weeks ) and at steady state ( 38 weeks ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: However , the item distributions were highly positively skewed , indicating a tendency for youth to endorse the most positive response , which may reduce the reliability of the measures and suggests that refinement is possible .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Healing of the defects in both groups demonstrated a strong correlation with the patients ' clinical scores .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: This association was independent of comorbidities , gender , metabolic control , plasma lipids , or concomitant treatments , was stronger in the subjects with preserved endothelium-dependent dilatation , and was unchanged when haemoglobin replaced Hct .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Of the 1463 participants with available data on ACE inhibitors usage , 142 ( 9.7 % ) received ACEI at least once during study data collection .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The OCT regimen has an eradication rate of 61 % in intention-to-treat analysis and is therefore less successful in treating H. pylori as part of a screening programme compared with hospital studies in dyspeptic patients .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Patients with RA were treated with etanercept ( 25 mg subcutaneously twice weekly ) , oral MTX ( up to 20 mg weekly ) , or combination therapy with etanercept plus MTX through a second year , in a double-blinded manner .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Treatment satisfaction and acceptability , relief of symptoms , change in haemoglobin , and improvement in health related quality of life , all after four months .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Selenium supplementation increased plasma selenium concentrations , the body exchangeable selenium pool ( measured by using ( 74 ) Se ) , and lymphocyte phospholipid and cytosolic glutathione peroxidase activities .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients with recently diagnosed cardiomyopathy who received an ICD had better survival than those treated with standard therapy at both cut points .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Appreciated. I'll retain these important details.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-09 00:00]\n<User>I'm providing classification data with labels for your reference:\n\nSample: Only the children will be examined at post-intervention follow-ups ( 6 , 12 , 24 , and 36 months after the baseline ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This proof-of-concept study evaluates whether intermittent pulsed moxifloxacin treatment could reduce the frequency of these exacerbations .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Although the number of patients was small , an increased rate of hemorrhage was noted within 5 days among patients in the wake-up population who received abciximab ( 13.6 % versus 5 % for placebo ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: After 1 year , 109 patients ( 49.3 % ) remained in the programme .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The incidence of nausea , vomiting , pruritus , and urinary retention was significantly lower in the wound infusion group and time to recovery of bowel function was shorter .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The dose actually taken was 91-95 % of the prescribed for the pravastatin treatment groups and 77-88 % for the cholestyramine groups .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: 28 HIV-infected men and women with hyperinsulinemia and lipoatrophy .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In an analysis modelling costs and benefits over patients ' expected lifetime , the incremental cost per QALY was pound17 ,299 , under conservative assumptions .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The percentage change from baseline versus placebo in this group was -8.4 % [ 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) -15.7 to -1.1 ] after 4 weeks and -5.9 % ( 95 % CI -11.7 to -0.1 ) after 12 weeks .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Low frequency current ( 2.5 Hz . )\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: One group consumed a protein supplement containing 27.5 g of protein , 15 g of carbohydrate , and 0.1 g of fat every night before sleep .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This randomized controlled trial examined the effectiveness of SCIT among persons with serious mental illness living in community settings in Israel .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: The morning advantage observed with Diffumal-24 administration was not associated with a deterioration in the state of the airway during the daytime , the protective activity against methacholine during the 12 hours of the monitoring period being constant .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Nausea and sedation were also assessed using a VAS .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Subjects were randomized to receive a single dose of 30 , 60 , or 90 mg of duloxetine .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Exploratory analyses indicate that epidermal growth factor receptor status may be an important predictor of the erlotinib survival effect .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Data included : interviews with patients and carers ( n = 16 ) , clinic staff ( n = 6 ) and the psychologists developing the CBTi ( n = 3 ) ; observational field notes and transcripts of intervention development meetings ( n = 9 ) and stakeholder engagement meetings ( n = 2 ) ; and informal discussions with staff developing the CBTi ( n = 8 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The mean follow-up was 29 months ( range , 6 to 65 months ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: INTERPRETATIONS/CONCLUSION : These data suggest that combined therapy with oestrogen and progestin reduces the incidence of diabetes , possibly mediated by a decrease in insulin resistance unrelated to body size .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Here we investigate the prophylactic use of another Safetac product , Mepitel Film , on moist desquamation rates .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: In patients with Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction ( TIMI ) grade 3 flow , ST recovery of > 70 % ( vs < 30 % and 30 % to 70 % ) in the lead with maximum ST elevation was associated with increased late survival ( P = .04 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Patients in the control group were treated with comprehensive therapy including symptomatic supportive treatment , anti-infective therapy and artificial liver plasmapheresis etc. , while those in the treated group were orally taken SZRD additionally .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The increase was found to be significant ( P < .001 ) in the first and second minutes after injection and decreased to baseline level by the fifth minute .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Ninety-five gastric ulcer patients with H. pylori infection were studied .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Tests included the continuous performance test , recall memory for word lists , digit-symbol substitution , retention of pictorial stimuli over 1 hour , the Profile of Mood States , and subjective ratings of mental status .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Results tentatively support the efficacy of this high-reach , replicable brief intervention .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Completion time was shortest for the combined EQ-5D and VAS .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In the SMA group ( n = 10 ) , all blood-contacting surfaces in the CPB circuit were treated or coated with SMA , whereas in the control group ( n = 10 ) patients were perfused with an identical circuit without treatment .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Secukinumab rapidly reduced clinical or biological signs of active ankylosing spondylitis and was well tolerated .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: If chances for rapid and successful tracheal intubation under such chaotic conditions are poor , laryngeal mask airway insertion is a viable choice for airway management until a proper secured airway is obtainable .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Of the 35 patients with pruritus , all 12 receiving diphenhydramine placebo had clinically significant relief compared with six of ten ( 60 % ) receiving cimetidine plus placebo ( P = .03 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Measures were taken at baseline , during stimulation , and at 5 - , 30 - , and 60-minutes poststimulation .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Median age of the sample was 62 years , 58 % were male , 89 % had a performance status of 0 or 1 , and 36 % had received prior adjuvant chemotherapy .\n\nLabels: 4\n<Assistant>Appreciated. I'll retain these important details.", "[Dialogue between User and Assistant on 2024-01-10 00:00]\n<User>I have some labeled classification examples for you to study:\n\nSample: The findings from this preliminary study suggest that CBT for BED can be delivered effectively in a structured group self-help format .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The primary end point was progression-free survival ; secondary end points included the objective response rate , overall survival , and safety .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Randomised controlled clinical trial , conducted from December 2005 to December 2010 .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Both preparations showed no evidence of short-term side effects .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Primary angioplasty was successful in nine of ten patients ( 90 % ) and ten of ten patients ( 100 % ) in the GIK and placebo groups , respectively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Patients treated with sotalol relapsed to atrial fibrillation later and had ventricular rates during recurrences significantly lower than during the initial crisis .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Dogs with systemic inflammation had similar increases in systolic blood pressure and decreases in PCV , TPP , and lactate after administration of either fluid .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Twenty minutes after intake of ibuprofen-arginine , but not after placebo , there was a relevant and significant reduction of NO metabolites in serum .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The novel model based on a multivariable analysis included age ( HR = 1.37 , 95 % CI : 1.25-1 .51 per 10 years ) , diabetes ( HR = 1.82 , 95 % CI : 1.51-2 .18 ) , male sex ( HR = 1.35 , 95 % CI : 1.12-1 .61 ) , and an apolipoprotein ( APO ) - B/APO-A 1 ratio ( HR = 1.56 , 95 % CI : 1.16-2 .11 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: To test the association of log-transformed biomarkers with albuminuria , generalized logistic regression models were used to quantify the association of increased levels of biomarkers and development of abnormal albuminuria .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: A randomized , clinical trial comprising 5 orthopedic centers .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: We aimed to establish the long-term effect of dexrazoxane on the subclinical state of cardiac health in survivors of childhood high-risk ALL 5 years after completion of doxorubicin treatment .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Plasma concentrations of C-peptide , lipids and the remaining coagulation parameters studied were not different between nateglinide and placebo .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No differences were encountered regarding other side effects .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Trastuzumab and anthracyclines VDW mean doses were 873 and 386 mg , respectively , whereas abstracted mean doses were 1,734 and 369 mgs , respectively ( R ( 2 ) = 0.14 , P < 0.01 and R ( 2 ) = 0.05 , P = 0.03 , respectively ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Smoking and gender significantly influenced the average intake at baseline , whereas other demographic and behavioral factors did not .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Refractive outcomes with the 2 techniques did not differ significantly ( P = .28 ) .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Therefore , the effect of creatine loading ( C : 25 g X d ( -1 ) for 5 d ) on muscle PCr breakdown and resynthesis and muscle performance during high intensity intermittent muscle contractions was investigated .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: No patient required reoperation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Sixty postmenopausal women with coronary artery disease were randomized into three groups : one group received transdermal 17 beta-estradiol at a dose of 50 micrograms per 24 h alone for 18 days followed by 10 days of combined treatment with medroxyprogesterone acetate ( MPA ) 5 mg orally ; the second group received placebo and the third group received conjugated estrogens orally for 18 days followed by a combined treatment with MPA for 10 days .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: General anesthesia with opioids provides good operative conditions for ocular surgery in children ; however , postoperative pain management remains a significant problem .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Since its first description , transpancreatic sphincterotomy , as an alternative method for bile duct entry when conventional biliary cannulation failed , has been debated on its success rate of cannulation and its complications , such as increased incidence of pancreatitis .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Randomized , controlled trial .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: In this study , there was no statistically significant difference between aripiprazole and placebo in time to relapse during maintenance therapy .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Colonic biopsies displayed enhanced JNK and p38 MAPK activation .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: The primary efficacy variable was the continuous abstinence rate ( CAR ) , defined as no reported smoking ( not even a puff ) or other nicotine use and confirmed by end-expiratory carbon monoxide level < or = 10 ppm , during the last 4 weeks of treatment ( weeks 9-12 ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Participants were randomized to a 15-min intervention to compare the effectiveness of brief motivational or prescriptive counseling by a health professional .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: This study examines the relationship among LDL density , hepatic lipase ( HL ) , and CAD progression , identifying a new biological mechanism for the favorable effects of lipid-altering therapy .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Confirmatory factorial analysis ( CFA ) and multitrait analysis were used to examine the construct validity of the structure of DSC-R .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Four hundred thirty patients with documented paroxysmal AF without structural heart disease were randomized to placebo or 40 mg olmesartan per day .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Ca-free HD : 15 % Na3 citrate 80 ml/hour was infused into the arterial line , and 1 M CaCl2 , 14 ml/hour into the venous line .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Treatment guidelines are mainly symptom-driven but symptoms are not closely related to airway inflammation .\n\nLabels: 0\n\nSample: Renal glomerular permeability evaluated by UACR .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Secondary variables included : time to first lack of efficacy ( LOE ) , asthma control , forced expiratory volume in 1 s ( FEV ( 1 ) ) , asthma symptom score and quality of life ( QoL ) .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Providing women with evidence based information on the risks , uncertainties , and the benefits of screening , is likely to deter some , but not differentially those at higher risk .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: To test the hypothesis that vertebral artery hypoplasia ( VAH ) may affect the lateralisation of vestibular neuropathy ( VN ) , probably through haemodynamic effect on the vestibular labyrinth .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: Third - , 4th - , 5th - , total and higher-order aberration ( HOA ) root-mean-square ( RMS ) , spherical aberration and coma aberration were compared at virtual pupil diameters of 6 mm postoperatively .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Our selected lines may prove to be a useful genetic model for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Switching from low fluidic settings with a conventional coaxial 20G phacoemulsification tip to higher fluidic settings with a microcoaxial phaco tip statistically significantly decreases EPT .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: In 7 days of treatment , the clinical symptom score , effect time , efficacy and safety were observed before and after treatment between two groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of IGF-I administration on body composition and physical fitness in recreational athletes .\n\nLabels: 3\n\nSample: There was also little or no intra-patient variation in dose response and the inter-dose variation in response between patients was not significant .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Lateral attic reconstruction technique has proved to be a reliable preventive technique for impeding a Type II epitympanic retraction pocket to worsen because it was observed in a percentage , although small ( 33.3 % ) , of patients in whom a wait-and-scope policy was applied .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: Only two participants reported no relief or a worsening of symptoms or signs .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: Outcomes were also stratified according to health literacy level .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Twenty-three elementary schools were randomly assigned to receive DARE and 8 were designated comparison schools .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Rate of decline in glomerular filtration rate and change in proteinuria during follow-up .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: Ex vivo cyclical adductory forces produced a significant loss of laryngoplasty abduction .\n\nLabels: 1\n\nSample: The intraocular pressure ( IOP ) , the anterior chamber depth , the filtering blebs , the visual acuity and other ocular complications were measured and compared between the two groups .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: One course of treatment lasted 2 weeks .\n\nLabels: 2\n\nSample: There was also a reduced time to active labor ( intracervical = 8.25 hours , posterior fornix = 11.50 hours ; P = .083 ) , ruptured membranes ( intracervical = 10.25 hours , posterior fornix = 12.00 hours ; P = .047 ) , and request for initial pain medications ( intracervical = 5.00 hours , posterior fornix = 11.25 hours ; P = .025 ) with intracervical placement .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: No serious adverse events were observed .\n\nLabels: 4\n\nSample: In group A , the esophageal stents were removed 8 weeks post-ESD .\n\nLabels: 2\n<Assistant>I've captured all of this valuable information."]
[{"question": "Sentence: Pemphigus vulgaris ( PV ) is an organ-specific autoimmune blistering mucocutaneous disorder that is potentially fatal .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Hormone replacement therapy is often either undesirable or contraindicated .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Fifteen patients with bilateral Miller Class I gingival recession areas were selected .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients were prospectively randomized into 2 groups : ( 1 ) 25 patients with 31 lesions received candesartan cilexetil ( 4-12 mg/d ) , and ( 2 ) 25 patients with 29 lesions did not receive the drug .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: This interaction effect was attenuated at 6-month follow-up .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Greater efficacy was seen in older patients and milder Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease stages .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: No further side-effects were observed during the DFO course .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The CCRT patients were given concurrent cisplatin ( 30 mg/m ( 2 ) on day 1 ) weekly during RT. .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The primary outcome was pain measured on a visual analogue scale twice daily during the blinded period .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Bisoprolol produced significant reduction in heart rate at rest ( p = 0.01 ) and during maximal exercise ( p = 0.041 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The study demonstrated that TCI of propofol combined with alfentanil was associated with a faster recovery time , and better hemodynamic and respiratory stability than MCI in same-day bidirectional endoscopy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Rapeseed oil diet contained 326 mg more plant sterols than the olive oil diet .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Participants were given 100 mg/kg body weight/d of L-tyrosine or L-alanine ( placebo ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Of the 88 randomized patients , 83 patients were included in the efficacy analysis ( budesonide n = 43 , placebo n = 40 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Arm B was closed early due to toxicity , with more grade 2 fatigue ( arm A , 46 % ; arm B , 62 % ; arm C , 62 % ) and bone pain ( arm A , 11 % ; arm B , 23 % ; arm C , 5 % ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: This was a prospective randomized study enrolling 153 postmenopausal osteopenic women .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: In this prospective study , we compared in vivo navigation-based kinematics pre - and postoperatively of 40 consecutive TKA comprising 21 conventional navigation-based TKA and 19 TKA with the modified gap-balancing technique and a reduced navigation workflow .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: At the 20th week of gestation , the sum of trans fatty acids in PE was significantly ( p < 0.01 ) lower in Hungarian [ 0.73 ( 0.51 ) , % wt/wt , median ( IQR ) ] than in Spanish [ 1.42 ( 1.36 ) ] and German [ 1.30 ( 1.21 ) ] women .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The operation was successfully performed in all 552 patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Long oval canals from mandibular incisors and maxillary second premolars were infected with E. faecalis ( ATCC 29212 ) for 30 days and then randomly distributed into 2 experimental groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , high-efficiency and standard-duration haemodialysis schedules , which achieve equal patient urea clearances , may not represent equivalent dialytic therapy due to solute differences in intercompartmental dysequilibrium during dialysis and differences in dialysis mechanics .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Cardiac arrest survival depends on celerity and efficiency of life support action .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Patients ( N = 92 ) were randomized into a trauma writing group , a control writing group , or usual care control group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The primary endpoint was change from baseline in HbA1c levels at weeks 52 and 104 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Recently we reported that glucosamine sulphate ( GS ) did not have an effect on the symptoms and progression of primary care patients with hip osteoarthritis ( OA ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: In the secondary evaluations , ( 1 ) the primary DES group exhibited superior clinical benefit compared with the PTA group ( 88.3 % versus 75.8 % ; P < 0.001 ) , ( 2 ) the provisional DES group exhibited superior primary patency ( 89.9 % versus 73.0 % ; P = 0.01 ) and superior clinical benefit ( 90.5 % and 72.3 % , P = 0.009 ) compared with the provisional BMS group , and ( 3 ) the stent fracture rate ( both DES and BMS ) was 0.9 % ( 4/457 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Students ( n = 101 ) from upper-level nonhealth courses ( n = 37 male and n = 94 living off campus ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Preliminary results elucidate neurobiological mechanisms of OD and support the utility of controlled studies on a novel VLNTX + low-dose clonidine combination for the management of opioid withdrawal .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Sixty-one patients with open type IIIA tibial shaft fractures were treated with an IEF ( n = 32 ) or UTN ( n = 29 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Both culturally competent diabetes self-management education interventions were effective in promoting more positive health beliefs .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Weak negative relationship ( r = -12 , P = .29 ) occurred between skin surface temperature and interface pressure , and sacral skin surface temperature was significantly lower for the left trochanter only ( F = ( 8.68 ) = 7.05 , P = .002 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: We investigated 60 patients with severe emphysema who were randomly assigned to receive either reduction pneumoplasty ( n = 30 ) or a 6-week respiratory rehabilitation program ( n = 30 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Owners administered the formulations and rated ease of administration daily on a 10-cm visual analogue scale ( VAS ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Cardiovascular and respiratory parameters were remarkably stable .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Using an `` expanded '' definition of agreement that accepts small inaccuracies ( + / -1 segment ) in the numbering of spinal segments , we found -- based on the pooled data from the thoracic spine -- kappa values of 0.59 to 0.77 for the hour-to-hour and the day-to-day intraobserver reliability with all 3 palpation procedures .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In group 3 , 39 patients received the same amount of local anesthesia but with half injected in the glenohumeral joint and half in the subacromial space .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Nitroglycerin therapy is associated with specific biochemical changes in the vasculature that may lead to increased vascular sensitivity to vasoconstrictors .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: The number of patients who required postoperative analgesia was higher in the midazolam group ( P = 0.045 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: We tested the effects on blood pressure ( BP ) of calcium carbonate supplementation ( 1500 mg Ca/d ) in pregnant , rural Gambian women .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Non-invasive biomarkers were correlated with MVD and pathologic response .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A total of 1,657 students completed both the baseline and 17-month follow-up questionnaires .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: In participants with ED , erectile functioning ( P < 0.05 ) and overall sexual satisfaction ( P = 0.002 ) improved significantly .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: While some anti-motion-sickness medications provide reasonable efficacy , adverse neurocognitive effects limit their use in military personnel engaged in safety-sensitive operational roles such as flying .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: To determine the antagonistic potency of CGRP8-37 , a 4-period , placebo-controlled crossover study was conducted in 6 subjects , in which CGRP ( 10 ng.min ( -1 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: We showed previously that dairy components suppress the adipocyte - and macrophage-mediated generation of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cytokines and systemic oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers in obesity .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Of 82 randomized subjects , 73 completed the study ( 33 vaccinated and 40 placebo ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Improvement of the cecal intubation rate and shortening of the examination time would expand the capacity for TCS .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Unlike the duration , the severity of the scheduled bleeding episodes was estrogen-dose dependent .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: All CT colonography invitees will have a prior consultation by telephone .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Initial BAb-positive and NAb-positive status in both study arms had a significant impact on the overall number of patients with a therapy change ( p < 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Previous studies revealed a high prevalence of OSA among subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( DM ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Omeprazole 30 mg daily ( one capsule in the morning ) or cimetidine 1 g daily ( one 200 mg tablet thrice daily , two tablets at bedtime ) for six weeks .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A preplanned analysis was to assess changes in markers of immune activation at week 24 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: A randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial of the effect of 18 months of calcium supplementation on bone density and bone mass .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: In patients with open fractures , sixty of 206 in the reamed nailing group and forty-six of 194 in the unreamed nailing group experienced a primary event ( relative risk , 1.27 ; 95 % confidence interval , 0.91 to 1.78 ; p = 0.16 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The surface area of oral activated charcoal is a major determining factor in its ability to limit acetaminophen absorption and to fulfill its adsorptive role in GI decontamination .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Two major intervention-related complications occurred , 1 submucosal laceration in the corticosteroid group and 1 hemorrhage in the control group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was no difference in the cure rates of those receiving iron supplementation and those receiving placebo .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: There was no significant difference in recovery rates between the prednisolone group and the prednisolone-valacyclovir group , although recovery in the patients with HSV-1 reactivation tended to be higher in the prednisolone-valacyclovir group than in the prednisolone group .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: During an initial 10-day treatment phase a single eye of six of the cats was treated with 0.03 % bimatoprost solution while a single eye of the remaining six cats was treated with buffered saline solution ( BSS ) once daily .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Intrapatient correlation declined at transfusion volumes of more than 250 mL/kg .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: In a separate trial , 75 post-treatment survivors were randomized to a 6-month , supervised exercise intervention ( n = 37 ) or to usual care ( n = 38 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Hand strength was evaluated by clinical rating and by a dynamometer .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Total dose of tramadol was lower in the pain preventive group than in the other groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: One hundred fifty-seven patients under general anesthesia receiving local infiltration and/or topical peritoneal local anesthesia were studied .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Interphase FISH ( iFISH ) was used to analyze cytogenics .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: During CPB , blood was transfused at protocol-defined triggers ( hematocrit < 15 % , PvO ( 2 ) < 30 mmHg , SvO ( 2 ) < 60 % ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Secondary outcomes were intensive care unit and hospital mortality , as well as time spent in the intensive care unit and in hospital .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Therefore , such a therapeutic possibility should chosen for ophthalmological patients .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: However , participants from the placebo group had sensitivity in 33.6 % of the bleaching days , which was significantly higher than the DG experimental group ( 20.1 % ) ( P < 0.05 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: This study suggests that in combination with ondansetron i.v. , invasive needle acupuncture at P6 compared with nonskin-penetrating placebo acupuncture has no additional effect for the prevention of acute nausea and vomiting in high-dose chemotherapy .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: We compare the safety and efficacy of ecallantide with placebo in subjects undergoing assessment for acute angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-induced angioedema ( ACEIA ) in an emergency department ( ED ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Cluster randomized trial .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Discontinuations due to adverse events occurred in 1.8 % , 0.9 % , and 1.8 % of patients in the placebo and desvenlafaxine 10 - and 50-mg/day groups , respectively .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Therapy , level 5 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Compulsive urges decreased significantly for 8 hours after right lateral prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation , but there were nonsignificant increases in compulsive urges after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the midoccipital site .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The drainage volume of the separately drained breast wound after mastectomy and lumpectomy was larger for the high vacuum system ( 55 ml versus 100 ml , P = 0.02 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: This relationship did not exist in the anaesthesia or circulating environments of the operating room .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: To investigate the clinical curative effect of the combination between medicine and acupoint flow on SOD , NO in patients with ulcerative colitis .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Thus , the primary study end point of death from cardiac causes or nonfatal myocardial infarction occurred in 2 patients in the bisoprolol group ( 3.4 percent ) and 18 patients in the standard-care group ( 34 percent , P < 0.001 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Treatment groups were balanced , and azithromycin was generally well tolerated .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Results were as follows ( amlodipine vs. cilnidipine ) : SBP/DBP ( mmHg ) : 135.2 11.7 / 79.8 9.6 vs. 136.7 13.2 / 79.5 10.9 , P = 0.22 / 0.74 ; PRA ( ng/ml per h ) : 1.16 1.03 vs. 0.95 0.78 , P < 0.01 ; AngI ( pg/ml ) : 155.0 306.4 vs. 101.8 92.0 , P < 0.05 ; AngII ( pg/ml ) : 12.0 12.3 vs. 7.1 4.5 , P < 0.001 ; PAC ( pg/ml ) : 81.6 37.9 vs. 74.3 36.2 , P < 0.05 ; UAE ( mg/gCr ) : 145.4 424.5 vs. 58.8 125.1 , P < 0.05 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: No patient met DSM IV criteria for a manic episode .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: The mean club head speeds of the exercise group improved at each testing week .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Corresponding values for long-term ART initiation were 22 % , 21 % , and 22 % .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Contamination was defined at the cluster level , with substantial contamination defined a priori as greater than 10 % of EPs affected .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Thirty-four children classified level III or IV by the Gross Motor Function Classification System were recruited and randomly allocated to experimental or control groups .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: After subtotal abdominal hysterectomy , 32 of 97 women ( 33 % ) complained of urinary incontinence compared with 20 of 100 women ( 20 % ) after total abdominal hysterectomy 14 years after hysterectomy ( relative risk , 1.67 ; 95 % confidence interval , 1.02-2 .70 ; P = .035 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Study ID number : ACTRN12607000632493 .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "0"}, {"question": "Sentence: Compared to the paper-and-pencil condition , participants in the augmented mobile intervention condition showed significantly greater reductions in depressive symptoms at 6 and 12 weeks ( Cohens d for both were d = 0.48 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: A total of 174 patients received placebo and 131 received metoclopramide .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: In both groups , self-reported data will be collected at baseline ( pregnancy ) and when children are 24 - and 36-months ; and child clinical oral health status will be determined during standardised examinations conducted at 24 - and 36-months by two calibrated dental professionals .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: With respect to ropivacaine , levobupivacaine showed a significant reduction ( P < 0.001 ) in the average motor and sensory onset .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: Human enamel specimens were subjected to a cyclic demineralisation and remineralisation procedure for 10 days with 6 demineralisation periods per day , 5 min each .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The increase in adiponectin levels after troglitazone treatment is not associated with an improvement in the endothelium-dependent vasodilation , indicating that adiponectin is not a major determinant of endothelial function .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "1"}, {"question": "Sentence: Urinary MCP-1 levels were significantly reduced in the clarithromycin-administrated group ( P = 0.009 ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}, {"question": "Sentence: There are excellent arguments in favor of the preferential use of prosthetic grafts above the knee for the treatment of infrainguinal occlusive disease .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "3"}, {"question": "Sentence: Seventy-two hospitalized patients with cervical cancer between July 2007 and October 2009 were enrolled .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: The intervention involved giving general advice about the benefits of physical activity to all patients and prescribed advice to a subgroup of patients ( 30 % ) who agreed to an additional consultation .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "2"}, {"question": "Sentence: Randomized patients who had achieved week 24 ACR responses following the first course had greater odds of losing response if retreated with placebo ( odds ratios for ACR20 , ACR50 , ACR70 : 2.09 , 2.03 , and 4.09 , respectively ) .\n\nWhat are the labels for the above medical abstract sentence?", "answer": "4"}]