Anzac Square, occupies an area of more than 0.5 hectares (1.2 acres) between Ann and Adelaide Streets. It lies in a band of pedestrian access space extending from Central Station through four city blocks. On the river side of Anzac Square are Post Office Square, the GPO precinct and St Stephens Cathedral grounds.
The Square is formally arranged. From a small stone wall edged by formal gardens on Adelaide Street, three paths, separated by lawns and mature trees, converge on a large elevated Shrine at Ann Street. These paths represent the three branches of the armed forces, Army, Navy and Air Force. Trees along these paths include Palms, Bribie Island Pines and Bottle Trees – the latter were donated by Colonel Cameron, former Light Horseman and active lobbyist for the square.
A dominant feature of the Square is the Shrine. It is an adaptation of the classical Greek temenos (sacred enclosure) and tholos (circular shrine) comprising a circular colonnade of Helidon sandstone on a three-tiered base of Queensland granite, and stands approximately 7 metres (23 ft) high on a paved forecourt extending to the Ann Street footpath. Eighteen Doric columns support a circular entablature externally ornamented with rosettes and internally inscribed with the names of battlefields where Australian soldiers fought. The colonnade is enclosed by cast iron railings that span the columns. Within the circular enclosure a bronze urn houses the Eternal Flame – a symbol of faithful remembrance.
Beneath the Shrine is a large crypt containing the Memorial Galleries, previously known as the Shrine of Memories, now managed by the State Library of Queensland. These Galleries are a memorial to those who served in the Second World War, and in various Queensland contingents of the armed forces. The mosaic mural by artist Don Ross is the centrepiece of the Memorial Galleries.
Twin stone staircases wrap around the Shrine, descending to the level of the Square. On either side of the staircase are shallow tiled reflecting pools – symbols of tranquillity and renewed life. Large sandstone retaining walls rise from the lawns of the Square to the footpath under the Shrine. The Queensland Women's War Memorial is located in the western wall of Anzac Square, below the Shrine of Remembrance. It consists of a relief panel in Helidon sandstone depicting a military procession. The panel is surmounted by a centrally placed bronze laurel wreath and the inscription "Erected by the women of Queensland in memory of those who lost their lives through The Great War 1914–1918". A sandstone and stone pedestal supports a bronze and sandstone drinking fountain mounted on upturned bronze dolphins – symbols of renewed life.
The equestrian memorial of the South African War dominates the entry to the central path at Adelaide Street. A life-size bronzed statue, it depicts a Queensland Mounted Infantryman. On two sides of the trachyte pedestal large bronze plaques contain the names of the eighty-nine Queensland soldiers who lost their lives in the South African war.
Memorials to the Korean and Vietnam wars are also located in the Square.
The Square is flanked by State Government Offices to the south and Commonwealth Government Offices on the north. These are generally of restrained classical design and sympathetic in scale to the space, except the 1970s Commonwealth Government highrise extension on Ann Street. They frame vistas through the Square to the GPO in the east and Central Station to the west.


Beginning in 2014, Anzac Square underwent a major restoration and enhancement project. Stages 1, 2 and 3 of the project were a joint initiative by the Queensland Government and Brisbane City Council and were undertaken from 2014 to 2016. Stage 1 and 2 involved extensive restoration work to build a structurally sound exterior to the memorial site (stopping water infiltration into the substructure and walls), installing an electronic ignition system inside the Eternal Flame urn, during which time the Eternal Flame was relocated to the Parkland of Anzac Square and restorative work to stonework and paving.
Stage 3 involved significant enhancements to the crypt and memorial galleries. The spaces in the undercroft were renamed after the completion of Stage 3:
World War I Memorial Crypt (previously the Shrine of Memories)
World War II Gallery (previously Memorial Crypt)
Post World War II Memorial and Exhibition Gallery (formerly the RSL Queensland Branch headquarters)
The two memorial galleries house digitised material curated by State Library of Queensland, enhanced with interactive digital experiences including touchscreens and timelines.


Anzac Square was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.
The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history.
Anzac Square, a State memorial to those who participated in overseas armed service campaigns and the site for major commemorative occasions is significant as a rare example formal urban design of such a scale and degree of unity.
The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland's cultural heritage.
Anzac Square, a State memorial to those who participated in overseas armed service campaigns and the site for major commemorative occasions is significant as a rare example formal urban design of such a scale and degree of unity.
Anzac Square is significant as one of the few examples of Australian war iconography which include servicewomen.
Anzac Square is significant as it contains the only memorial in Brisbane dedicated to all members of the Queensland contingents who died during the South African conflict, and one of the few South African War memorials in the state.
The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.
Anzac Square, a State memorial to those who participated in overseas armed service campaigns and the site for major commemorative occasions is significant as a rare example formal urban design of such a scale and degree of unity.
Anzac Square is important for its contribution to the central city area as a large open space, combining green and built elements.
Anzac Square is significant as examples of the work of Queensland artists and sculptors Daphne Mayo, L Watts and W L Bowles.
The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.
Anzac Square, a State memorial to those who participated in overseas armed service campaigns and the site for major commemorative occasions is significant as a rare example formal urban design of such a scale and degree of unity


The ship operated through the Drake Passage, around Cape Horn, and resupplied a base in the South Orkney Islands (called by the Argentines Órcadas)  with trips to South Georgia (called by the Argentines San Pedro Island) and supporting the Argentinean Fisheries Association (Sociedad Argentina de Pesca) whaling station with coal and food supplies. During this time ship was engaged in performing hydrographic and geographic surveys for the preparation of maritime navigation charts.


The ARoS Aarhus Kunstmuseum is an art museum in Aarhus, Denmark. The museum was established in 1859 and is the oldest public art museum in Denmark outside Copenhagen. On 7 April 2004, ARoS Aarhus Kunstmuseum opened with exhibitions in a brand new modern building, 10 stories tall with a total floor area of 20,700 m² and designed by Danish architects Schmidt Hammer Lassen. Today, ARoS is one of the largest art museums in Northern Europe with a total of 980,909 visitors in 2017.
Apart from the large galleries with both permanent and changing exhibitions, the ARoS building features an arts shop, a dining café and a restaurant. The architectural vision of the museum was completed in 2011, with the addition of the circular skywalk Your rainbow panorama by Ólafur Elíasson. The installation has helped boost the museum's attendance, making it the second most visited museum in Denmark, just behind the well-known Louisiana Museum in Humlebæk.


ARoS has a large art collection with works from the Danish Golden Age until today, a changing selection of which are on display in the museum halls. Alongside, themed and changing exhibitions of both Danish and international artists are presented, with former events featuring renowned artists such as Ólafur Elíasson, Bjørn Nørgaard, Ingvar Cronhammar, architect Frank Gehry, Paul McCarthy, Robert Rauschenberg, Michael Kvium, H.C. Andersen, Bill Viola and Wim Wenders. In the present building, the first themed exhibitions presented a series of main works by pop artists like Andy Warhol and Roy Lichtenstein. As many other modern art galleries and museums, ARoS also pays great tribute to architecture and architects, occasionally presenting architecture themes exhibitions.
Located in the basement is The 9 Spaces, a gallery with installation art from artist like James Turrell, Shirin Neshat and Olafur Eliasson. The number 9 refers to Dante Alighieri's The Divine Comedy and the 9 circles of hell. The rooms are painted black to contrast with the bright white exterior. The roof terrace substitutes for the divine light your enter from hell. This way the whole museum is part of the travel from hell to heaven. This movement emphasised by the grand spiral staircase in the main 'museum streetscape'.
The roof of the museum is dominated by the installation Your rainbow panorama by Ólafur Elíasson. This circular skywalk has windows in the colors of the rainbow thereby showing the panorama of Aarhus in different colors depending on location of the viewer. The installation cost DKK million 60 ($10.7 million) to construct and was sponsored by the Realdania foundation. It was inaugurated on May 28, 2011. A second section, a glass lounge that guides visitors from the main museum building to Your rainbow panorama and houses another site-specific work opened in 2013.


The original building, a five-storey - four bay warehouse with an attached single bay of four stories of office space. The design is a "Romantic composition in polychrome brick and sandstone capped by picturesque Dutch gables". The four bays of warehouse are structurally defined as separate areas. Evidence uncovered on the ground, second, third and four floor indicates that the four warehouse bays were linked by a single arched opening, except Bays 4 and 5 which had two openings. The building is described in The Sydney Morning Herald on the date of opening, 25 July 1885, as:
The new buildings are five storeys high, the first storey being of stone and the remaining ones of brick. Among the offices is a spacious board room, available for public meetings of the share-holders. The lowest floor of offices, level with the wharves, and entered there from, comprises the shipping office, marine superintendents office. the traffic superintendent's office and an apartment for the reception of Carter's tickets and general wharf business'.
— The Sydney Morning Herald, 23 July 1885.
The timber framed Directory Board of the former Commonwealth Government tenants in the AS&N; Co Building is also of heritage significance. It comprises a shallow box made of timber, with side hinged central opening glass doors, and is headed in gold lettering "Australian Government Offices 1950-1989: Directory Commonwealth Offices". Former offices of the Australasian Steam Navigation Company at northern end.; Built By: 1802.
Style: Pre Federation Anglo Dutch; Storeys: Four; Facade: Stone and polychrome brick facade including copper roofed bay and ornate stone capped gable ends.; Internal Walls: Original set plaster and rendered brick walls with Victorian colour (Bay 1); Lathe and plaster walls (Bay 1); Roof Cladding: Slate; Internal Structure: Original timber post and beam construction with cast iron capitals to the columns (Bays 2–5); Floor Frame: Timber floor; Ceilings: Barrel vaulted brick ceiling (Bay 1); Stairs: Timber staircases and balustrades; Fire Stairs: Bay 2-5- (1949–50); Bay 1- Fire stair to exterior of building (1961) & Steel fire doors c. 1950 and original hardware.; Sprinkler System: Some sprinkler heads date back to 1929, some of the original cast iron pipework is still intact.
The ASN building was one of the earliest in Sydney to be fitted with a water sprinkler system to combat fire, c. 1894, and is possibly the earliest surviving in Sydney. Remains of hoist pulleys and other features of the warehouse were also noted.
In 1887 the Crown acquired the ASN Co building and a few years later it became the Government Ordnance Bond Stores. In 1906 the Department of Defence took control of the building and in 1950 was occupied by the Australian Commonwealth Offices. The remains of hoist pulleys are still visible on the outside of the building.


In 1892-94 the water tower was constructed. As Wardell was alive at this time it is possible that Wardell or Vernon designed the tower. In the 1950s the building was converted to offices which introduced openings through the load bearing walls, and introduced materials such as plywood and fibrous plaster to create offices, concealing the structure. Both the early water tower to Bay 3 (1892–94) and the 1950s lift to Bay 4 additions involved some structural alterations to the fabric.
In 1990 Bay 5 of the building was adapted for use as part of The Story of Sydney. This use ceased in 1991. In 1992–3, the building was restored to its original 1880s appearance both inside and out, including the reinstatement of the large timber windows and doors and removal of the 1950s office partitions, at a total cost of $5.7m.


The building is in a reasonably sound condition, having been extensively renovated and conserved in the 1990s. The structure of Bays 1-4 is very much intact with only minor changes, displaying evidence of various alterations, such as fire stairs and lifts in the 1950s. The integrity of the interior of Bay 5 of the warehouse component, however, has been seriously compromised by the removal of most of its internal fabric and adaptation to a cinema complex in 1990.


As at 30 March 2011, ASN Co Building and site are of State heritage significance for their aesthetic, historical and scientific cultural values. The site and building are also of State heritage significance for their contribution to The Rocks area which is of State Heritage significance in its own right.
The former ASN Co warehouse and office building was built in 1884. The site has a long history because of its prominent location in the Rocks area, situated on the edge of the Quay and adjacent to the various wharfs, within the main commercial maritime centre. It is associated with the famous early merchant, Robert Campbell. No later store of this construction type was built in the area.
The building was designed by the very prominent architect, William Wilkinson Wardell, who chiefly practiced in Victoria. He was an outstanding architect of the nineteenth century who was prolific and best known for building churches, including St Mary's Cathedral in Sydney, public buildings, including the Treasury building, the Mint and Government House in Melbourne, banks including the English, Scottish and Australian Bank in George Street, The Rocks as well as warehouses.
The architectural style of the building is a rare intact example of the Pre-Federation Anglo Dutch style. It is a very rare and fine Victorian example of an office and warehouse development in Sydney. The mix of office and warehouse, each exhibit the same architectural style to varying degrees which forms a pleasant whole. Wardell allowed the site shape to partially dominate his design, which is an excellent example of his style. Each bay was a different length, stepping down the site. Although there were other buildings of similar style that existed in Sydney, none of them incorporate such picturesque facades with this type of layout nor do they mix office and warehouse design together. When it was completed it was one of the most prominent buildings in Sydney, and remains an extremely prominent landmark, being visible from Port Jackson and the North Shore and being part of an important vista from Circular Quay to Campbells Cove and beyond.
It was one of the last substantial warehouses with a timber structural system built in Sydney, from 1885 cast iron columns were used instead of timber. The construction method of the building is possibly the earliest surviving example of the use in Sydney of steam cranes imported from England. The importance of steam shipping to the colony's economy is strongly reflected through the high architectural style and the prominent waterfront location of the building.
The building is significant as a Landmark building, from its original construction to the present day in Sydney. It holds significance in its associations with The Rocks, Campbell Cove and Circular Quay and is part of a historical precinct that includes Cadmans Cottage, Mission to Seaman Chapel and the Sailors Home which together strongly illustrate this former maritime neighbourhood. It contributes strongly to the character of The Rocks and is an area that is well visited by residents and tourists. Its inclusion on the registers of the National Trust and the National Estate demonstrate the esteem the building is held in by the broader community.
It is a benchmark building form capable of providing information about the special relationship between its design and function, being a very rare example of a mix of office and warehouse. It has research and scientific potential in the information that its fabric displays and retains, including the very early sprinkler system. It is possible that the sprinkler system is a rare surviving example, with cast iron pipework and 1929 sprinkler heads still intact. The remaining early sprinkler pipework is probably part of the original sprinkler system, possibly being installed when the water tower was constructed between 1892 and 1894.
ASN Co building was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 10 May 2002 having satisfied the following criteria.
The place is important in demonstrating the course, or pattern, of cultural or natural history in New South Wales.
The former ASN Co warehouse and office building was built in 1884 by W W Wardell. The site has a long history because of its prominent location in the Rocks area, situated on the edge of the Quay and adjacent to the various wharves, within the main commercial maritime centre. It is associated with the famous early merchant, Robert Campbell. No later store of this construction type was built in the area. Although there were extensive storage facilities built during the 1910 to 1920's period, they were of timber construction, generally single-storey, and nothing like this 1884 building.
The ASN Co Building is part of an historical precinct, which includes Cadman's Cottage, the Mariner's Church and the City Coroner's Court that relates strongly to the maritime usage of the precinct and to the history of The Rocks. Designed by one of Australia's prominent Victorian architects the building reflects the boom era in Australia's early shipping companies.
The place has a strong or special association with a person, or group of persons, of importance of cultural or natural history of New South Wales's history.
The former ASN Co warehouse and office building was designed by WW Wardell, an outstanding architect of the nineteenth century who was prolific. He was best known for building churches, including St Mary's Cathedral in Sydney, public buildings, including the Treasury building, the Mint and Government House in Melbourne, banks including the English Scottish and Australian Bank in George St, The Rocks as well as warehouses. The building also has associations with Robert Campbell, the famous early merchant. The building holds strong association with the importance of steam shipping to developing the colony's economy.
The place is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or a high degree of creative or technical achievement in New South Wales.
The architectural style is a rare intact example of the Pre-Federation Anglo Dutch style.
Wardell allowed the site shape to partially dominate his design, which is an excellent example of his style. Each bay was a different length, stepping down the site. Although there were other buildings of similar style that existed in Sydney, none of them incorporate such picturesque facades with this type of layout nor do they mix office and warehouse design together. When it was completed it was one of the most prominent buildings in Sydney, and remains an extremely prominent landmark, being visible from Port Jackson and the North Shore and being part of an important vista from Circular Quay to Campbells Cove and beyond.
It was one of the last substantial warehouses with a timber structural system built in Sydney, from 1885 cast iron columns were used instead of timber.
The architectural style of the building is a rare intact example of the late 19th century Anglo-Dutch style. It is a very rare and fine Victorian example of an office and warehouse development in Sydney. The combination of office and warehouse, each exhibiting the same architectural style to varying degrees, forms a pleasant whole.
The importance of steam shipping to the colony's economy is strongly reflected through the high architectural style and the prominent waterfront location of the building. The vista and streetscape inspired by the ASN Co Building is one of great interest and variety. When the building was first built, in 1885, it was one of the most prominent buildings in Sydney, due to its size, location on the Quay, and its architectural style, particularly the clock tower. Today, the building remains a prominent landmark in the panorama of Sydney Cove. It forms part of an important vista from Circular Quay to Campbell's Cove and beyond. The construction method of the building is possibly the earliest example of the use in Sydney of the steam cranes imported from England, which transported materials on site.
The building includes highly significant remnants of one of Sydney's first fire sprinkler installations. Their continued use indicates the soundness of the original design. The integration with successive 1929, 1949/50s and 1970s components represents the evolution of sprinklers.
The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group in New South Wales for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.
The building is significant as a Landmark building, from its original construction to the present day in Sydney. It holds significance in its associations with The Rocks, Campbell Cove and Circular Quay and is part of a historical precinct that includes Cadmans Cottage, Mission to Seaman Chapel and the Sailors Home which together strongly illustrate this former maritime neighbourhood. It contributes strongly to the character of The Rocks and is an area that is well visited by residents and tourists. Its inclusion on the registers of the National Trust and the National Estate demonstrate the esteem the building is held in by the broader community.
The place has potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.
The easily comprehended structural system is an outstanding example of typical commercial building construction in New South Wales from the mid- nineteenth century onwards. The next structural development was the introduction of internal cast iron columns from about 1885 onwards.
The building has research and scientific potential in the information that its fabric displays and retains, including the very early sprinkler system. It is a benchmark building form capable of providing information about the special relationship between its design and function, being a very rare example of a mix of office and warehouse.
The place possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.
The column-to-beam connections of the structural frame, which represent an elegant marriage of timber and cast iron building technique, is an unusual, but efficient-looking method, which does not seem to exist elsewhere in Sydney. The architectural style of the building is a rare intact example of the late 19th century Anglo-Dutch style. It is a very rare and fine Victorian example of and office and warehouse development in Sydney. It is a very rare and fine Victorian example of an office and warehouse development in Sydney. The architectural style is a rare intact example of the Pre-Federation Anglo Dutch style. The construction method of the building is possibly the earliest surviving example of the use in Sydney of steam cranes imported from England.
It is possible that the sprinkler system is a rare surviving example, with cast iron pipework and 1929 sprinkler heads still intact. The remaining early sprinkler pipework is probably part of the original sprinkler system, possibly being installed when the water tower was constructed between 1892 and 1894.
The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of cultural or natural places/environments in New South Wales.
ASN Co Building is one of the last substantial warehouses with timber structural system built in Sydney. The joinery detailing in the office building is a fine example of Victorian detailing and the staircase is an early example of this style of architecture.


The building sits on 2.7 acres (11,000 m²) of property on Commerce St between 3rd and 4th Avenues North, and has a footprint of 1+2⁄3 city blocks. It features a three-story winter garden atrium as its foyer and has a nine-story underground parking garage with 1,300 vehicle capacity. Its distinctive design and dark coloration have earned it the nickname "Batman Building", due to its resemblance to the cowl of superhero character Batman.
The design architects for the building were Dallas-based JPJ. In late 1991, Roti Smith had an intern build his vision of a gothic tower in Styrofoam and added it to the box of models to be displayed for the client. Smith's model was then picked by the client and the design was sent to Earl Swensson Associates to finish the interior design, construction documents and construction administration. ESA did not design the exterior of the building. Richard Miller, the president of architectural firm Earl Swensson Associates, said of the design process: "...at the time we did that [South Central Bell] wanted a signature piece of architecture. What happens inside the building drives the way the outside looks."
In August 2009, the French online business journal Le Journal du Net named the iconic "Batman Building", or as the article names it "La tour de Batman", one of the 12 most original office buildings in the world.
In 2011, a drawing of the AT&T Building – alongside images of iconic structures from Tennessee's three other large cities (the Memphis Pyramid, Knoxville's Sunsphere, and the Tennessee Aquarium of Chattanooga) – was incorporated into the standard design of Tennessee's state-issued driver's licenses.


It is located between the streets Raimundo Fernández Villaverde, Orense, General Perón and Paseo de la Castellana. Its original conception (and its name) dates back to the Plan General de Ordenación Urbana de Madrid (PGOU), approved in 1946. The purpose of this plan was to create a huge block of modern office buildings with metro and railway connections in the expansion area of northern Madrid, just in front of Real Madrid stadium (currently named the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium) and beside the new government complex of Nuevos Ministerios. A botanical garden, a library and an opera house were also included in the plans, but these were never built.
The construction began in the 1970s after many delays. Nowadays some of the tallest and most beautiful modern Madrid skyscrapers are placed here. The most important are:
Torre Picasso (157 m)
Torre Europa (121 m)
Banco de Bilbao Tower (107 m)
Torre Titania (104 m)
Torre Mahou (100 m)
In February 2005, Windsor Tower (106 m) was destroyed by a fire, and it was later replaced by Torre Titania.
During the weekend nights, the underground levels attract a Latino audience to the discos but they also have a reputation for gang violence.
In 2007, a new skycraper area was built farther north along Paseo de la Castellana.
The carless surfaces inside the block have attracted young supporters of urban culture.
Since the 1980s, break dancers, rappers, skateboarders, graffiti writers and parkour traceurs from other Madrid neighborhoods have been gathering there.


The AZ Tower is a high rise building in the city of Brno, Czech Republic. Although sometimes referred to as a skyscraper, it does not meet the generally accepted definition of one, as the tower is only 111 m (364 ft) tall, and it has 30 floors (skyscrapers are usually at least 150 meters and 40 floors high). It is currently the tallest building in the Czech Republic. Construction of the building commenced in 2011 and completed in April 2013. The building has a floor area of over 17,000 m² (180,000 sq ft). It is utilized for office, retail and residential purposes.
The AZ Tower is located on Pražákova street in the city district Brno-center. M-Palace and Spielberk Towers are located near the building. The Spielberk Tower B used to be the tallest building in Brno until the AZ tower was built.


A Famosa (Malay: Kota A Famosa; "The Famous" in Portuguese, also known as Fortaleza Velha Portuguese: the old fortress, and Dutch: Slavenburgh (slave castle) & De Misericorde (Our Lady of Mercy, from French: Notre Dame de Miséricorde) was a Portuguese fortress built in Malacca, Malaysia, in 1512. The oldest part of the fortress was a five-storey keep which gave its name to the fortress as a whole. Some time following the Battle of Malacca (1641) and the occupation of the city by the Dutch, the keep was destroyed but the outer walls of the fortress were reinforced. However, in 1807 the British destroyed most of the fortress. The Porta de Santiago gateway, and the restored Middelburg Bastion, are the only parts of the fortress that remain today. They are among the oldest European architectural remains in Southeast Asia and the Far East.


Aa Church, which literally means "stream church", owes its name to the two streams which run beside it. Dedicated to John the Baptist, it was first known as Sankt Hans kirke (St John's Church). A gilded figure of St John stood in the church until 1706 but was buried in the churchyard by the priest as it was attracting undue attention from Catholic prisoners during the Great Northern War.
The church was built in the latter half of the 12th century in several stages. The oldest remaining sections are the choir and apse and the lower parts of the nave, all characterized by greenish sandstone and rust-brown shale from nearby Grødby Stream. The western end of the nave and the tower are made of limestone. The men's door to the south and the women's door to the north have both been preserved although the latter has been transformed into a window.
The tower was originally narrower on the western side but was already widened to its current dimensions of 13 by 11 metres during the Romanesque period. With its four floors, it reaches a height of 22 metres. The twin roofs from the 14th century probably replaced a four-sided pyramid. The bells now hang here although they were originally housed in the Bornholm fashion in a separate bell tower to the south of the church. The vaulted rooms in the tower were once used to store foodstuffs. The porch of Nexø sandstone, the oldest on Bornholm, is slightly more recent than the tower but still dates to the Romanesque period around 1200–1235.
The nave is large and light with a flat wooden ceiling. The vaulted ceiling from the Gothic period c. 1350 is supported by four rectangular corner pillars. It was earlier divided into two by arcade walls and had a gallery for the nobles from the now ruined Lilleborg Castle. During major restoration work in 1874, the arcade walls were torn down giving the church its present shape. Further restoration was carried out in 1968.
The altarpiece and pulpit date from 1603, probably the work of the sculptor Johan Ottho from Lund. With 11 scenes of Jesus' life, the sandstone font from 1200 is ascribed to the Gotland sculptor Sigraf.


During the Great Fire of Aachen in 1656, portions of the roof and towers burned. The destroyed elements were then replaced in a baroque style. From 1727 to 1732 the Chief Architect of Aachen, Johann Joseph Couven, led a fundamental baroque remodeling of the structure, especially of the front façade and entry steps. The gothic figures and muntin adorning the windows were removed, and even the interior was remodeled in the baroque style. Today, the sitting room and the "White Hall" both still convey this change in style.
Characteristic of the time period, the wood paneling of the White Hall is in the style of Aachen-Liège baroque master Jacques de Reux, while the wall painting comes from master painter Johann Chrysant Bollenrath. This hall was originally for a panel of jurists who controlled the quality of cloth produced in Aachen, but the space would later serve as the main office for the mayor of Aachen.
At the treaty signing ceremony that ended the War of Austrian Succession in 1748, the "Peace Hall" was set up but was not used because of a dispute between the envoys. As a compensation, the city obtained portraits of the envoys, which are present in the various spaces of the City Hall.


Since the end of the imperial city era and the Napoleonic occupation of the area, the structural condition of the City Hall was neglected and the building was seen to be falling apart by 1840. Under the guidance and patronage of the 19th century Chief Architect Friedrich Joseph Ark, the building was rebuilt in a neogothic style preserving its original Gothic elements. The side of the City Hall that faced the Market was adorned with statues of 50 kings, as well as symbols of art, science, and Christianity.
The Coronation Hall was also restored and a new entrance was constructed. In addition, the painter Alfred Rethel had the task to embellish the room with a large series of frescoes. Begun in 1847 and completed by his student in 1861, the frescoes eventually depicted legends from the life of Charlemagne. After the destruction of similar artwork at the Neues Museum in Berlin, this painting is one of the most important testimonies to the late romantic style in Germany.


The exact year of construction of the castle is not known.  However, it was probably built around 1200 by the Lords of Büron.  The building was mentioned at the beginning of the 13th Century, in the possession of the Counts of Frohburg.  The Vogtei (a bailiff or vogt was an overlord exerting guardianship or military protection as well as secular justice (Blutgericht) over a certain territory, the Vogtei) was created to better control and monitor the important north-south trade route over the Aare River.  Together with the Vogt's seat, the high court was also held at the castle. The administration area included the western part of today's District Zofingen, but without the city of Zofingen.  In 1299 the Frohburgs sold the castle and the entire Vogtei to the Habsburgs.  After about 1330 the Family von Kriech, a lower nobility family in the service of the Habsburgs, lived in the castle.
On 20 April 1415, the castle fell after a brief siege by the town of Bern.  The Bernese took over the lower and the high court.  Starting in 1416 a Bernese bailiff resided in the castle.  The bailiff managed the entire Bernese Aargau.  Only later, once Bern had suppressed the rights of the nobility and the clergy, additional bailiwicks were added: Lenzburg (1442), Schenkenberg (1460), Biberstein (1499) Zofingen (1528), Königsfelden (1528) and Kasteln (1732).
The castle was extended in several stages, the first was the rebuilding of the palace in 1470. Subsequent modifications in the 16th century (1534/35) and especially in the 17th Century (1621, 1659–1673) led to the creation of the huge baroque structure.  Its purpose was to protect the connection between the Protestant towns of Bern and Zurich at the narrowest point of the Bernese dominion and thus complicate any attacks from Catholic neighbors.  From 1666, the fortress was occupied continuously by a garrison, the Governor was now at the same commander. One part of the fortress served as a prison, especially for political prisoners. The best known prisoner is Jacques-Barthélemy Micheli du Crest.  On 10 March 1798, the castle fell without a fight to the French Army.
In 1804, the newly created Canton of Aargau took over the castle.  Initially it served as an arsenal and barracks, then from 1826 to 1864 as a prison before it was left abandoned.  The Cantonal Parliament decided in 1891 to establish an "institution for juvenile criminals and scoundrels" in the castle.  Opened in 1893, compulsory education institution was the first of its kind in Switzerland.  In 1917 the building was extended.  Initially the system focused mainly on discipline, order and punishment.  Then, in the 1930s, the governing philosophy shifted more toward education and reform.  From 1946 to 1959 the center was completely remodeled and a second total renovation happened from 1982 to 1988.  In 1972, the name was changed from "Reform Institution" to "Education Home", then in 1989 it became the "Youth Home" to reflect the changing objectives.


On the narrow, elongated ridge, the core of the castle was built.  This core consisted of a keep and a tower house from the 13th Century.  The keep's walls are 3 to 3.5 metres (9.8 to 11.5 ft) thick, and consist entirely of limestone.  The bottom floor has been carved directly from the rock.  The tent-like roof was built in 1557.  In 1621/22 the castle grew toward the south, with an additional living area and stair tower.  On the northeast and west side are the large, heavily fortified  buildings.  The cell block on the south side was replaced in 1954/55 by a house for the educational staff, but it was built in harmony with the historic buildings.


Aargau Jura Park (Jurapark Aargau) is located north of Aarau, between the rivers Aare and Rhine, in the Swiss canton of Aargau. It straddles the border between Jura and Basel. It spans 241 square kilometres (93 sq mi) and reaches up to 350 metres (1,150 ft) above the valley floor. The park is mainly located on the Jurassic Plateau, between Frick and Villigen, and also encompasses the Aargau Jura mountains and valleys. The northern area includes sparse pine forests, fruit orchards, rocky steppes, dry meadows and terraced vineyards, while the southern region fosters forests and wildlife. It was declared a regional nature park of national importance in 2012 by the Federal Office for the Environment.
The villages Herznach and Wölfinswil traditionally mined ore in the park and thus, left many studs. A mining tunnel was excavated and made accessible to visitors.


Aarhus City Hall is the city hall of Aarhus, Denmark. The decision to build a new city hall was taken during a city hall meeting in 1937. The new building was inaugurated 2 June 1941, designed by architects Arne Jacobsen and Erik Møller. On the first proposal, the plans did not include a tower but due to massive public pressure it was later added to the drawings along with the idea to clad the structure in marble. Hans Wegner was in charge of the furnishing - which is uniquely designed to fit the building -, and parts of the interior design.


The Aarhus Theatre (Danish: Aarhus Teater) in Aarhus, is the largest provincial theatre in Denmark.
The present theatre house was constructed in the late 19th century, as a replacement for the old theatre, nicknamed "Svedekassen" (The Sweat-box). Since Aarhus had grown to become Jutland's biggest city during the 19th century, the old theatre had become too small to serve the public demand. A new building was designed by the Danish architect Hack Kampmann (1856–1920), and the construction began on 12 August 1898. Only two years later, Aarhus Theatre stood completed and was inaugurated on 15 September 1900.
The architectural style of the building is Art Nouveau, with the national romantic emphasis on natural materials, and the interior design was completed by artists Hansen Reistrup and Hans Tegner.
In 2007, the Aarhus Theatre received an audio make-over.


The lake lies southwest of the city center. It has an area of 0,402 km² (0.155 mi²) and is approximately 2.3 km (1.4 mi) long. It is 2 meters (79 inches) at its deepest point. The lake is surrounded by numerous green spaces and trees, which makes it the largest recreational area in the city of Münster.
The lake blocks the water of Münster's Aa River and protects the city from flooding. It also provides cool air for the city, because mainly southwest air masses are cooled above the lake. Therefore, it has an important ecological and urban planning function for the city. This also applies to the increasingly natural environment around the lake, which offers breeding grounds and habitat areas for many species and as a result makes it a popular recreation area for the citizens of Münster. The water level fluctuates by up to a meter (39 inches).


During the siege of Munster by Prince Bishop Christoph Bernhard von Galen on December 18, 1660, two earth walls collapsed, cutting off the city's water supply, causing large parts of the city to be flooded. Münster then surrendered to the besiegers.Even years later, the floodwaters from the collapse of the dam could still be seen at the site of today's Lake Aasee.
Until the beginning of the 19th century there were still wetlands and swampy meadows,caused by the 1660 flood, where the Aa River was running through. These meadows were regularly flooded, sometimes the water level rose high enough to flood the historic downtown of Münster. As early as 1888, Hermann Landois, a professor of zoology in Münster, advocated for the construction of an "Aa basin" to better control the level of the Aa River. At the same time, Landois wanted to guarantee the city's drinking water supply with the reservoir, enable sports activities such as rowing, sailing and swimming. The lake should contribute to the city's beautification, and also reduce the source of pathogens by flushing the Aa bed, since the Aa also acts as a sewage canal for the city. In spring 1914, a quarter of a century after Landois´ explanations and nine years after his death, Italian workers started to implement his visions to reduce the risk of flooding for the city of Münster.
However, the excavation for the artificial lake had already been interrupted that year by World War I. The construction, under mayor Georg Sperlich, was only resumed after a serious flooding in 1925. The lake was finally completed in 1934 with a water surface of 20.7 hectares (51 acres). Under the Nazis there were plans to build an amphitheatre in the surrounding meadows. These plans were discarded after the end of the war and, instead, in 1972 to 1976 the lake south of the Torminbridge was expanded by 19,5 hectars (48 acres) to almost double the size, as part of the construction work for the Münster Allwetterzoo . In 1976, the park areas were enlarged by 50 hectares to a total of 90 hectares, with about 10 kilometers of trails that run through it and around 18 hectares (44.5 acres) of lawn for recreation.
Later, shallow water zones were created on the banks of the new part of the Aasee. They were intended to reduce the nutrition load of the inflowing water. In 1996 the riverside landscape was redesigned as far as Haus Kump. In 2008 the Aaseeterrassen were opened. These steps for visitors to sit on are on the most northern point of the water near to the city. The lake "Aasee" area is home to three restaurants, a boat rental, a boating school and three sailing clubs: Segel-Club Münster, Segelclub Hansa Münster and Westfälisch-Holsteinische Seglervereinigung mit Hochschulsegelclub Münster (WHS/HSC).
In 2009, the Aasee Park was named "Most Beautiful Park in Europe" after being voted "Germany's Most Beautiful Park" in 2008.
In the first half of 2012, the "Badestraße fish ladder" was built. The intention was to enable the continuity of the Aasee weir for aquatic organisms in accordance with the requirements of the Water Framework Directive. Due to limited space available in the inner city, the so-called "slotted pass construction" was chosen for this fish ladder. (→water quality)


Today the lake is the centerpiece of a popular recreation destination near the city center. A youth hostel, several student residences, the student canteen at the Aasee, the "Sentruperhöhe" sports park, the Allwetterzoo Münster with the Westphalian Horse Museum Münster, the LWL (Regional Association of Westphalia-Lippe) Museum for Natural History with a planetarium and the "Mühlenhof" open-air museum Münster are located at the Aasee. There are two small sailing boat harbors with a variety of places to eat. A hiking and jogging trail of about 5.7 km (3,5 miles) length leads around the lake.
A rowing regatta is held every spring. Around 900 rowers in 470 boats took part in the 42nd spring regatta on April 20 and 21, 2013.Juniors from the age of 17 participated as well as the adult participants over the Olympic distance of 2000 meters, which stretches over the entire length of Lake Aasee. Younger athletes could compete over a distance of 1500 meters, while the older ones go in for 1000 meters.
Since 2009, Lake Aasee has been one of the venues for the German Rowing League. In September 2012, the German Sprint Championships were held in Münster. From October 11 to 18, 2013 the 100th German championship of  the rowing eight on the long distance took place.
On April 12 and 13, 2013, for the third time a ranking regatta of the Paralympic one-man keelboat class 2.4mR was held on Lake Aasee.
The oldest hot-air balloon event in Germany, has been held on the Aasee meadows since 1969. The Montgolfiade is organized every August by the "Freiballonsport-Verein Münster und Münsterland e. V." in cooperation with the sports department of the city of Münster. This local recreation area serves as a sailing venue for two sailing clubs. In autumn, the Pirates' Aasee Cup, organized by the Münster Sailing Club, takes place on the part of the lake nearest to the city. On the upper Aasee, the part of the lake farther away from the city center, the pirate regatta "Bockwurst Challenge", the "Laser Cup" for all laser classes and the optimist "Kiepenkerlregatta" are held every year as ranking list regattas by the "Hansa Münster" sailing club.
Especially on May 1 (Mayday holiday) the Aasee draws crowds of guests who visit the local recreation area for a barbecue. After May 1, 2013, employees of the waste management company of Münster collected six tons of trash from the park area around Lake Aasee. The underground bins for waste and hot barbecue ashes, installed the year before, have been well received.
The stairs of the Aasee terraces offer space for 2,000 spectators at events to sit on. Episodes of the Wilsberg crime series, set in Münster, are regularly shown there. Classical concerts with international cast known as "AaSeerenaden" have also been performed on the Aasee Terraces since 2010 and end always with a fireworks display. A musical program ranging from "jazz to classical, orchestra to choir, pop to baroque" is regularly performed. Intendant (artistic director) is Peter von Wienhardt. According to the organizers, more than 20,000 visitors take part in the three-day event and its supporting program.


Swimming and surfing in Lake Aasee are currently not recommended and even prohibited due to the poor water quality, especially in the hot summer months. However, there are efforts to improve the water quality. The main problems are the blue-green algae, which are multiplying in large numbers due to over-fertilization, but also E. coli bacteria. Skin contact with the Aasee water can lead to irritation in summer, and swallowing it can lead to life-threatening illnesses. The Hygiene Institute of the Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster has meanwhile reduced the number of blue-green algae in particular with the help of appropriate chemicals to remove nutrients from the lake. Good results have already been achieved after two years of use.
However, the main sources of eutrophication in the lake have not been eliminated. In many places, the Münstersche Aa is still surrounded by a lot of farmlands and the fields drain into the river. Pollutants like nutrients, streets and sewage treatment plants should also not be neglected. The trophic level of a still body of water as in the Aasee cannot be kept permanently low. Without extreme structural interventions such as  deep-water drainage or heavy dredging, it will not be possible to permanently eliminate the sapropel that has been created as a negative side effect of the long period of anaerobic conditions.
It should also be noted that the trophic level of a still body of water like the Aasee cannot be kept permanently low. Without extreme structural interventions such as the deep-water drainage method or heavy dredging, it will not be possible to permanently eliminate the sapropel that has been created as a negative factor by the long period of anaerobic conditions.
In 2012, a fish ladder was completed at the cost of 350,000 Euros. The water quality of Lake Aasee will be improved by the exchange of microbes, which has not been possible for 90 years due to the weir on the street Badestraße. The fish-ladder allows organisms such as fish and microbes to migrate again. Likewise, the stocks of non-predatory fish in Lake Aasee, such as bream, should mix with the predatory fish, including pike and zander, from the Münstersche Aa in order to stabilize the ecosystem. The construction of the fish ladder was planned in 2010 but was postponed due to a lack of funds. Construction work began in July 2011 and lasted until autumn 2011.
Furthermore, by ecological measures like renaturing the course of the Münstersche Aa south of the Aasee via Haus Kump to Sentruper Straße the water quality of the Aasee is to be improved. The Aa River is now a curvaceous, natural and, above all, the flood defying body of water again². A sand filter was created at the height of Haus Kump, which is intended to prevent further silting up of the Aasee. In addition, the creation of a body of standing water is intended to lower the temperature of the inflow into the Aasee by a few degrees to reduce the growth of blue-green algae.


WikiWeb_Abano Mineral Lake Natural Monument_0

Abano Mineral Lake Natural Monument (Georgian: აბანოს მინერალური ტბა) is a small lake in Kazbegi Municipality in Truso valley on the left bank of Terek River, to the east of the village Abano at 2,127 m above sea level.  The lake was created by a carbon dioxide filled underground stream flowing to the surface through carbonate rocks from the late Jurassic period. The lake "boils" loudly with carbon dioxide bubbles bursting. The outflow of the stream is 2.5 million liters per 24 hours. The total surface area of the lake is 0.04 ha. The emission of gas in calm weather causes carbon dioxide to accumulate in lower levels. Small animals suffocate when they get near the lake, which is why there are dead animals there, such as mice, lizards, frogs and some birds.
It is part of Kazbegi Protected Areas along with Kazbegi National Park and five Natural Monuments:
Sakhizari Cliff,
Abano Mineral Lake,
Truso Travertine,
Jvari Pass Travertine,
Keterisi Mineral Vaucluse.


Abbey Mills Pumping Station is a sewage pumping station in Mill Meads, East London, operated by Thames Water. The pumping station lifts sewage from the London sewerage system into the Northern Outfall Sewer and the Lee Tunnel, which both run to Beckton Sewage Treatment Works.
The original pumping station, designed by engineer Joseph Bazalgette, Edmund Cooper, and architect Charles Driver, was built between 1865 and 1868, housing eight beam engines by Rothwell & Co. of Bolton. Two engines on each arm of a cruciform plan, with an elaborate Byzantine style, described as The Cathedral of Sewage. Another of Bazalgette's designs, Crossness Pumping Station, is located south of the River Thames at Crossness, at the end of the Southern Outfall Sewer.
A modern sewage pumping station (Station F) was completed in 1997 about 200 metres (660 ft) south of the original station.


The north western end of Abbey Road begins in Kilburn at the junction with Quex Road and West End Lane. The road was once a track leading to Kilburn Priory and its associated Abbey Farm and was developed in the beginning of the nineteenth century. It continues south east for roughly one mile crossing Belsize Road, Boundary Road, and Marlborough Place, ending at the junction of Grove End Road and Garden Road.


The Abbey of Echternach is a Benedictine monastery in the town of Echternach, in eastern Luxembourg.  The Abbey was founded in the 7th century by St Willibrord, the patron saint of Luxembourg.  For three hundred years, it benefited from the patronage of a succession of rulers, and was the most powerful institution in Luxembourg.
The abbey is currently a popular tourist attraction mostly on account of an annual dancing procession that is held every Whit Tuesday. Tens of thousands of tourists, day-trippers, pilgrims, and clergy visit Echternach to witness or participate in the traditional ceremony.


Beornrad, the third abbot of Echternach, was a great favourite of Charlemagne, and was promoted to Archbishop of Sens in 785.  When Beornrad died, in 797, Charlemagne took direct control of the abbey for a year.
The work of the monks at the abbey was heavily influenced by Willibrord's roots in Northumbria and Ireland, where a great emphasis was put on codices, and Echternach developed one of the most important scriptoria in the Frankish Empire.  The abbey at Echternach produced four gospels (in order of production): the Augsburg Gospels, Maaseyck Gospels, Trier Gospels, and the Freiburg Gospel Book Fragment.
Manuscripts produced at Echternach are known to have been in both insular and Roman half uncial script.  As Echternach was so prolific, and enjoyed the patronage of, and aggrandisement by, Pepin the Short and Charlemagne, it played a crucial role in the development of the early Carolingian Renaissance.  Seeing the work of the abbey at Echternach at taming the native German script, and eager to further the reform, Charlemagne sent for Alcuin,  to establish a scriptorium at the court in Aachen.  Alcuin synthesised the two styles into the standard Carolingian minuscule, which predominated for the next four centuries.
The early 9th century was the heyday of the abbey, as it enjoyed power, both spiritual and temporal.  However, this was all guaranteed only by the Carolingians.  When the authority of the centralised Frankish state collapsed during the civil wars under Louis the Pious, so too did the power of the abbey.  In 847, the Benedictine monks were ejected and replaced by lay-abbots.


WikiWeb_Abbey of Notre-Dame des Dombes_1

The monastery was established by 44 monks from Aiguebelle Abbey in 1863, on the invitation of Mgr Pierre-Henri Gérault de Langalerie, bishop of Belley, with the aim not only of evangelizing the country, but also of draining the swamps of the Dombes, so as to improve agriculture and fishing and raise the standard of living of the inhabitants.
The importance of the abbey grew quickly, and it was successful in its intended purposes.
In 1937 Paul Couturier launched the Dombes Group (Groupe des Dombes), a francophone ecumenical group consisting of equal numbers of Roman Catholic and Protestant theologians, which met between 1968 and 1997 in the abbey.
During World War II the monks worked with the Resistance and helped many people, especially Jews. There were many visits by the Gestapo; on 2 May 1944 two monks were executed, and others arrested. For the community's actions the abbey was awarded in 1946 the Legion of Honour.
In 2001, there were very few monks remaining, who asked the Chemin Neuf Community to come and replace them in their mission of prayer and welcoming visitors.


The foundation of the Monastery of San Pietro in Assisi is dated 970 A.D.; and is first documented in 1029 A.D. The early Church was a Cluniac monastery. The building was divided into a nave with two aisles with arches supported by columns, and raised presbytery over the crypt. The present building was built over the earlier foundation by Cistercian monks and consecrated by Pope Innocent IV in 1253  The complex can be identified by the dome and square bell tower.


The abby was built in 962 by the will of Berardo or Bernardo, count of Penne, on Pietrarossa mountain, located at the eastern slope of Mount Gran Sasso.
Important information about the foundation and the properties of the Benedictine abbey can be found in the chronicle written by the monk Alessandro, which tells the story of the monastery from its origins until 1193. From this text it is possible to draw most of the historical information relating to the Monastery. For example, in 1066 the founder's grandson, who ironically was also called Berardo or Bernardo, occupied the Abbey, its service buildings, its fields and completely destroyed the areas of the Monastery occupied by the Monks, forcing them to flee and leaving as the only religious guardian of the place his brother Sansone, who had previously made himself a monk; in the same year, however, the Normans led by Ugo Malmozzetto (one of the captains of Roberto di Loritello, in turn right arm of Roberto il Guiscardo) who had begun the conquest of coastal Abruzzo in 1061, dismissed Berardo from the County of Penne, taking his place, and freeing the Abbey of San Bartolomeo from its tyranny. In the Chronicon there is no mention of reconstructions, although the oldest parts of the building seem to date back to the 12th and 13th centuries, in addition to the restoration carried out in the 1970s by the Superintendency; the bell tower, for example, was finished in the course of the 11th century by Abbot Erimondo, who died in 1074.

The first abbot was Benedetto, chosen by Count Berardo, and under his regency the arm of San Bartolomeo reached the monastery, an event so exceptional that it attracted the bishops of Teate, Valva, Penne, Marsica and Apruzio to the abbey.


Due to the early 19th century demolitions, only the apse chapel, the bell tower and a few other structures remain of the original Romanesque-Gothic structure. The base of the bell tower include antique elements, such a bas-relief with a Maenad, dating from the 1st century AD.
Other sights include the 13th century portico-courtyard, with Verona marble columns, and a 15th-century chapel dedicated to the Holy Virgin. The apse has frescoes by Filippo Zaniberti (early 17th century), depicting the Miracles of the Virgin.
The square in front the church houses two sarcophagi of members of the Este family, including the tomb of Albert Azzo II, Margrave of Milan, and that of Azzo VI of Este.


The Fleet, besides which the swannery sits, is the largest lagoon in Europe, and runs for about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) along the Dorset coast. It is brackish and tidal, but sheltered by Chesil Beach, and is a Ramsar site of international importance and a Site of Special Scientific Interest, and has been a nature reserve since as early as 1393. The swannery is at its westerly extremity.
Abbotsbury Swannery is today a tourist attraction and the swans have become accustomed to the presence of visitors and allow close but respectful approach even in the nesting season when cygnets are on the nest. Before viewing the swans, visitors can look at the Decoyman's House which sets the scene for the visit with a display explaining how the colony has been managed over the years and how the present situation has evolved. Apart from the swans, the Fleet and Chesil Beach attracts many species of waterfowl and over 300 different varieties have been recorded leading to the area being designated as a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), a Special Protected Area (SPA) and a Special Area of Conservation (SAC).
Nesting mute swans are usually intensely territorial, so it is unusual to see this many pairs in proximity to each other. However, the closeness of the nests can sometimes lead to problems as newly hatched cygnets can become attached to the wrong parent bird; to overcome this, rearing pens are used for a few selected families who need more privacy. The daily feeding sessions take place at noon and 4 p.m. A large mass of the birds gather round; children are invited to help with the feeding.
At the end of July, the swans become flightless, for around six weeks, due to the moulting of their feathers. Once every two years, the swans are rounded up, so that they can be examined, weighed and measured and any new birds to the colony ringed. The round-up is undertaken by around 50 canoes that start at the eastern end of the lagoon and slowly drive the birds into the swannery bay at Abbotsbury. In the past the round-up has resulted in over 900 birds being caught and recorded, but it varies from year to year.
Today, there are around 600 swans. They are free-flying birds and could choose to nest anywhere, but are obviously attracted by the Fleet Lagoon. Visitors can wander on small paths among the various nests, sometimes experiencing the birds' territorial displays. The swannery is open to the public between March and the end of October, and an interesting time to visit is between the middle of May and the end of June when young cygnets are present. Twice a day at noon and 4pm, mass feeding of the swans takes place.


Built on the site of a small mansion owned by Abdeen Bey, Abdeen Palace, which is named after him, has adornments, paintings, and a large number of clocks scattered in the parlors and wings, most of which are decorated with pure gold. Built under the rule of Ismail Pasha, to become Egypt's official government headquarters instead of the Citadel of Cairo (which had been the center of Egyptian government since the Middle Ages), this palace was used as well for official events and ceremonies.
The construction started in 1863 and continued for 10 years and the palace was officially inaugurated in 1874. Erected on an area of 24 feddans, the palace was designed by the French architect Léon Rousseau along with a large number of Egyptian, Italian, French and European decorators. A new wing was added by Joseph Urban in 1891. However, the palace's garden was added in 1921 by Sultan Fuad I on an area of 20 feddans. The cost of building the palace reached £E700,000 in addition to £E2 million for its furnishing. Between four palaces, King Fuad spent more than 18 million French francs with just one Parisian furniture manufacturer Linke & Cie. More money was also spent on the palace's alteration, preservation and maintenance by consecutive rulers. The palace has 500 rooms.


Designed in 1979, and opened on 3 June 1989, after several years of interrupted construction, it was named after the renowned Turkish journalist Abdi İpekçi. It was the primary basketball venue in Istanbul for two decades and hosted many (mostly the international) games of Istanbul's four top basketball clubs Anandolu Efes, Fenerbahçe, Galatasaray and Besiktas, as well as many other sports events and concerts. However, its significance declined after the opening of Sinan Erdem Dome in 2010, which surpassed Abdi İpekçi Arena as the biggest and most state of the art arena in Istanbul.


The arena had an audience seating capacity of 12,270. It hosted national and international sports events, such as basketball, volleyball, wrestling, and weightlifting, as well as concerts and congresses, among other events. The facility contained a multi-faced visual scoreboard, six online-system counters, four locker rooms, two internet rooms, a press room, two multi-purpose offices, VIP rooms, etc. Its parking lot had a capacity of 1,500 cars.


The professional basketball teams of Galatasaray men's basketball team and Galatasaray women's basketball team played their Turkish League home matches since the 2009–10 season in the Abdi İpekçi Arena.
Some of the notable events, which took place in the arena are:
1992 FIBA European League Final Four
1995 FIBA European Cup Final
1996 FIBA EuroStars
1997 Girl Power! Live in Istanbul
2001 Depeche Mode concert Exciter Tour
EuroBasket 2001 Final phase
2004 Eurovision Song Contest
2005 Phil Collins Concert
2007 Enrique Iglesias Concert
2009 European Short Course Swimming Championships
2009 Men's European Volleyball Championship
2010 FIBA World Championship
2011 European Judo Championships
2012 EuroLeague Women Final Eight
2014 FIBA World Championship for Women


Visitors walking along the main footpath towards the falls may spot several small Bronze Age settlements including an excavated roundhouse and smithy fenced off with an information plaque adorning it, several standing stones and cairns are also present, most of these sites can be found on the right side of the pathway. There is also a piece of recording equipment that is recording the weather. It is located to the north west of Snowdonia National Park in Wales.


Aberconwy House, 2 Castle Street, Conwy, Wales is a medieval merchant's house and one of the oldest dateable houses in Wales. Constructed in the 15th century it is, along with Plas Mawr, one of the two surviving merchant's houses within the town. Its historical and architectural importance is reflected in its status as a Grade I listed building. The house is administered by the National Trust.


Following the conquest of Wales by Edward I in the late 13th century, Conwy, with its castle and walls, became an important strategic and commercial centre. The town was granted a Royal charter in 1284 and English settlers, particularly from the counties of Cheshire and Lancashire, were encouraged to populate the new borough. Aberconwy House is a rare survivor of a number of such houses-cum-warehouses built by English merchants trading on the Welsh Marches in the medieval period. Tree-ring analysis of the roof timbers shows that the trees were felled c. 1417–1420. This dating makes it one of the oldest dateable houses in Wales and its importance was recognised in 1950 when it was designated a Grade I listed building. In the 19th and 20th centuries, the house served as a temperance hotel and, following closure and other subsequent uses, it was left to the National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty in 1934. The Trust undertook an extensive restoration in 1976 and the house is now run as a museum.


The house is of two upper storeys, over a cellar. The top floor is jettied, with the overhanging structure supported on corbel stones, "a mark of prosperity". The building is constructed around a timber frame which shows a Kentish or Wealden influence.


Following a competition, the winning design by Alexander Marshall Mackenzie and James Matthews began construction in 1883 and was opened in 1885. There were further additions, again by Mackenzie, in 1901 and 1905, including the addition of a sculpture court.
In April 2020, the gallery made 50 artworks available digitally via the Smartify app.
In October 2020, Aberdeen Art Gallery was named one of the five winners of the 2020 ArtFund Museum of the Year Award. ArtFund increased the prize money to £200,000 and changed the format of the award to five winners in response to the challenges faced by the museum sector during the Coronavirus Pandemic.


The Fine Arts collection of the Aberdeen Art Gallery has grown steadily since its foundation in 1885, highlighted with works by such artists as Monet and Renoir as well as more modern artists like John Bulloch Souter, Ian Hamilton Finlay, and James McBey.

The permanent collection includes 18th-century works by Henry Raeburn, William Hogarth, Allan Ramsay and Joshua Reynolds, and 20th-century works by Paul Nash and Francis Bacon, the Post-Impressionists and the Scottish Colourists, as well as applied arts and crafts.


The central hall is supported by granite columns in a variety of colours, derived from different quarries in the local area and far beyond.
At the western end of the building, with a room inside and a monument outside, is a major war memorial. The war memorial was built in the 1920s as a part of the rapid expansion of the Aberdeen Art Gallery and was funded by a public subscription. The Memorial Court court has a display of several books of remembrance and rolls of honour, commemorating the fallen of World War I, World War II, the Merchant Navy and Fishing Fleets in World War II, and from conflicts after 1945.
Another addition to the Gallery during this time of rapid expansion was Cowdray Hall. Cowdray hall is a concert venue for music and performances and was opened by King George V and Queen Mary 25 September 1925. The hall was supported by a gift from Annie, the Viscountess of Cowdray "with a view to encouraging the taste for art and music in the City of Aberdeen."

The Gallery was closed for a programme of renovations commencing in 2015. The £34.6 million redevelopment was designed by Hoskins Architects and carried out by contractors McLaughlin & Harvey. The gallery re-opened in November 2019. The project won an award from the Scottish Civic Trust for making an outstanding contribution to the quality and appearance of the built environment as well as the trust's National Panel Special Award.


The barony of Aberdour was acquired in 1126, by Sir Alan de Mortimer, on his marriage to Anicea, daughter of Sir John de Vipont. Sir Alan built St Fillan's Church, which still stands, next to the castle, in around 1140, and his family probably built the original hall house in around 1200, or possibly even earlier. In 1216, another Alan de Mortimer is recorded granting land to the monks of Inchcolm Abbey. There is no record of what happened to the de Mortimers, but in the early 14th century, King Robert the Bruce granted Aberdour to his kinsman, Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray (d. 1332). Moray's grandson granted the barony in turn to Sir William Douglas of Liddesdale (c. 1300-1353), in 1342.
In 1351, Sir William Douglas gave the lands of Aberdour to his nephew, Sir James Douglas of Dalkeith, although he retained the castle for himself until his death two years later. The grant was confirmed by King David II in 1361. In 1386 Aberdour and Dalkeith were combined to form a single barony, with the principal seat at Dalkeith, near Edinburgh, and Aberdour as a secondary residence. James, fourth Lord Dalkeith, succeeded to the joint barony in 1456, and was created Earl of Morton in 1458, prior to his marriage to Joanna, the deaf-mute daughter of James I. The newly created earl expanded the existing hall house, heightening and rebuilding the structure to suit his elevated status. The second earl carried out extensions to Aberdour Castle around 1500, building a new stair tower and south block.


Government troops were stationed at Aberdour Castle during the Jacobite Rising of 1715. During their stay, a second fire again caused extensive damage. In 1725, the Mortons bought an adjacent property, Cuttlehill House, which they renamed Aberdour House, and the castle ceased to be a residence. The east range was again repaired, and was used for various purposes, including a school room, a barracks, and a masonic hall. In 1924 the castle and gardens were placed in state care, and continue to be managed by Historic Environment Scotland as a visitor attraction. The south-east wing was initially restored as a home for the custodian, and now houses a cafe. The castle is protected as a Scheduled Ancient Monument, and the grounds, and surrounding former parks, are listed on the Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes, the national register of significant gardens.


The castle originally comprised the 12th- or 13th-century hall house, which was extended in the 15th century. In the 16th century the central range was built to the south of the tower house, and new inner and outer courtyard walls were constructed. The east part of the inner courtyard wall is reduced to foundations, but the base of a round tower and a porter's lodge survive. To the west, the inner courtyard wall remains, enclosing the former service courtyard, which comprises a brewery and bakehouse, with ovens. The east range was added in the 17th century, along the south edge of the outer courtyard. The castle was originally approached from the north, with the entrance moved to the west, along with the 17th-century gate, when the Aberdour railway line was constructed in 1890.


The tower house measures 16 metres (52 ft) by 11 metres (36 ft) on a skewed rectangular plan. The lower two storeys comprise the oldest part of the castle, which can be dated to around 1200, while the upper parts are of the 15th century. The date for the original building is based on several pieces of evidence. The cubical blocks of masonry, the flat buttress at the north-east, and the splaying, or widening, of the base of the walls, are all indicative of this date. The collapsed part of the south wall also formerly contained an early 13th-century style double-lancet window. The original structure, of a type known as a hall house, was probably of two or three storeys, comprising a first-floor hall over an unvaulted basement, and may have been surrounded by a defensive timber stockade or enclosure. The 15th-century rebuilding added two upper floors, and rearranged the interior. Vaulted basements, including a kitchen, and a spiral stair were inserted, and the heightened wall was topped by a parapet with machicolations; spaces through which objects could be dropped on attackers at the base of the wall. The tower suffered major collapses in 1844 and 1919, and today just the basement survives, with only a small section of the south-east wall standing to its full height.


The central range was begun around 1500, possibly as a two-storey building containing a great hall, although only fragments of this building remain. The south entrance to the tower house was blocked up, and replaced with a ground floor entrance from the east. A new stair tower, with a broad spiral stair, was built at the south-east corner. Originally topped by a conical roof, this stair gave access to the upper floors in the tower, and to the central range. Around 1570, the 4th Earl of Morton rebuilt the block, extending it further south to form new apartments. This block, forming the present three-storey central range, includes a vaulted kitchen and cellar in the basement, with suites of rooms above. The two bedrooms on the first floor each have their own closets and garderobes, or privies. The west apartment is accessed from the terraced garden, via another stair to the south-west, and has a private stair which led up to another chamber above, suggesting that these were the Earl and Countesses apartments. The upper storey, whose timber floor is now missing, comprised three more apartments, including one over the stair. The exterior of the block is decorated with a horizontal decorative strip of masonry known as a string course. One first-floor window is decorated with carved stone pilasters and strapwork, in a similar style to windows at Edinburgh Castle and Drochil Castle, in the Borders, both of which were built under Morton's Regency.


The east range, of c.1635, comprises a long, narrow building, with a short projecting wing to the south-east. It is the only part of the castle still roofed. The first floor of the wing is occupied by a long gallery, accessed from the central range, with stables and storerooms below. The long gallery was used for entertaining, and, in 1647, is recorded as containing 46 pictures and a harpsichord, among other furniture. In the south-east wing are three chambers, one on each floor, linked by a spiral stair. The first-floor room has a 17th-century painted ceiling, decorated with fruit, foliage, and heraldic emblems. The south-east wing has crow-step gables, and a sundial on one corner. The east window of the long gallery is decorated with pilasters and a pediment. The roof is of 18th-century date, and is lower than the original, resulting in the loss of the triangular pediments which once topped each of the side windows.


Power has been drawn from the waterfall since 1584, when it first provided energy used in the manufacture of copper, using ore imported from Cornwall.  The copper-works ceased to operate early in the 17th century, and the site was later used for corn-milling and later as a tinplate works. The weir and waterwheel were added during the 19th century. The waterwheel used today is a modern steel structure. It is the largest waterwheel generating electricity in Europe, with a diameter of 8.2 m (27 ft). It has 72 buckets to catch the falling water and rotates at a rate of five revolutions per minute.


The castle, now in ruins, had a stone keep, towers, and ditch as fortifications. It also housed the family and army of the lord and had cellars, kitchens, a great hall, gatehouse, and a chapel, although it is doubtful whether any of the families treated the castle as their main residence. A curtain wall surrounded the castle.
The high, formidable curtain wall, dating from the 12th century, is now the most impressive part of the ruin. A 19th century lodge was built on the top of the motte in the 19th century.


Hamelin de Balun, a Norman lord, had the castle built about 1087. Protected by a ditch and palisade, the motte was surmounted by a wooden keep.  Soon after 1100, a stone keep was built to replace the wooden structure, and a wooden hall was built on its western side.
In the 1160s, Henry Fitzmiles, the son of Miles de Gloucester, 1st Earl of Hereford and lord of Abergavenny, was killed, reputedly by Seisyll ap Dyfnwal of Castell Arnallt. Without a male heir, Henry Fitzmiles' estate and the lordship, which included lands in upper Gwent and Brecknockshire, as well as the Castle, passed to his daughter Bertha's husband, William de Braose.  De Braose rebuilt parts of the castle and constructed the curtain wall, parts of which still remain.
The castle was then the scene of an infamous massacre.  Over Christmas 1175 De Braose called Seisyll and his son Geoffrey to his castle, together with other leaders from Gwent, supposedly as an act of reconciliation.  De Braose then had the men killed in the castle's great hall, in retribution for the death of Henry Fitzmiles. His action, including taking the men's land, resulted in sanctions: William was "retired" from public life and the castle passed to his son, William. In 1182 Hywel ap Iorwerth, lord of Caerleon, ordered the destruction of Dingestow Castle and had Abergavenny Castle set afire in retribution for the murder of Seisyll. The attacks were made by Seisyll's relatives. De Braose was not at the castle when it was burnt, but "most of his men" were taken hostage.
The castle was almost entirely rebuilt of local Old Red Sandstone, starting about 1190, to make it easier to defend. Five towers were built along the curtain walls, and a keep was built. The English and Welsh fought for control of the Welsh Marches and, during this time, possession of the castle alternated between the Welsh and English. In 1215, the castle was visited by John, King of England.
In the 13th and 14th centuries, the castle was expanded by the Hastings family, including the addition of western towers which provided residential chambers. Two towers, one circular and one polygonal, were probably built between 1295 and 1314 by John Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings. This was the same time in which murage taxes were collected from local residents to fund the building of the town walls. Between the late 13th century and the early 14th century, a new wall was built.


The castle's museum is located in the 1819 hunting lodge on top of the motte. Amongst the museum's exhibits are a saddler's workshop and a Victorian Welsh farmhouse kitchen.


The Aberlemno Sculptured Stones are a series of five Class I and II Early Medieval standing stones found in and around the village of Aberlemno, Angus, Scotland.


The Abernethy Round Tower is a stone-built Irish-style round tower which stands in School Wynd, at the edge of the village cemetery, in Abernethy, Perth and Kinross, Scotland.
Dating from the 11th century, the tower is one of only two such towers surviving in Scotland—the other is at Brechin—and is protected as a scheduled monument.
The roofless sandstone tower is 22.5 m (73 ft 10 in) high and has a diameter of 4.57 m (15 ft 0 in) at ground level, tapering upwards to 3.96 m (13 ft 0 in). The walls are 1.07 m (3 ft 6 in) thick. The twelve lower layers are of a different coloured stone to the rest of the building, leading to speculation that the base was built earlier than the rest. There are indications that the tower originally had six wooden floors, probably connected by ladders. Fixed to the outside base of the tower is a Pictish stone; the tower also has an iron joug or pillory attached.
Various changes have been made to the tower over the years, including the installation of an iron spiral staircase when it became a lookout tower, windows and an outside clock. The current clock dates from 1868.
Here Malcolm III of Scotland paid homage to William the Conqueror some six years after the Battle of Hastings.


The cliff railway was originally a cable-drawn balanced system moving a pair of cars, with a maximum capacity of 30 passengers, permanently connected via a continuous cable. When opened, it operated using a water balance system, which used a Worthington Corporation compound steam engine water pump housed in the lower station to move water to the upper station. Each passenger car had a tank in their chassis that could hold 4 tonnes of water. Water was added to the tank of the top car, which descended under gravity, hauling the lighter lower car on the parallel track to the top station.
The railway is straight, ascending about 430 feet (130 m) over a horizontal distance of 778 feet (237 m), a maximum gradient of more than 1:2 (50 per cent). The gauge is 4 ft 8 in (1,422 mm), slightly narrower than standard gauge, and laid on timber sleepers.
In 1921, the railway was electrified using a 41 kW ATB AG Morley DC motor. In 1934, after changes to the town’s electricity supply, a mercury arc rectifier and transformer were installed in the lower station to provide a 440V DC power output. The cars are moved using a high-tensile steel cable attached to both vehicles. It passes around a drum, mounted on a vertical axis between the tracks at the top. The motor drives the drum controlled by an automated cut-off which stops the motor and the cars when required.
Its twin carriages are named Lord Geraint and Lord Marks.


This mosque was built by the late Sultan Zainal Abidin II (also known as Marhum Masjid) between 1793 until 1808. The original building material of the mosque was wood, but during the reign of Sultan Umar at around 1852, the mosque was replaced with one made out of bricks. In 1881, Sultan Ahmad II ibni Yang Dipertua Muda Tengku Mahmud constructed a new dome to replace the old one erected under Sultan Zainal Abidin II. A ceremony was conducted at 7.00am, Saturday, 1 Jumada al-Thani 1298AH (1881AD). In 1901 during the reign of Sultan Zainal Abidin III, the mosque went through another renovation. The mosque was enlarged to accommodate the growing number of people. Besides that, circular stone pillars were also erected, while three minarets were built.
The mosque is again renovated during the reign of Al-Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin Shah in 1972. The size of the mosque was now twice the size of the original building. A tall minaret and new domes were constructed. Decorations such as several calligraphic carvings of verses from the Quran, prayers and arabesques were carved on the mosque’s entrance doors and grills. The current uniquely carved mimbar was crafted by Mister Abdul Kadir.


The abbey was supposedly founded in 675 either by Cissa, viceroy of Centwine, king of the West Saxons, or by his nephew Hean, in honour of the Virgin Mary, for twelve Benedictine monks.  Cissa was buried here, as well.
Endowed by successive West Saxon kings, it grew in importance and wealth until its destruction by the Danes in the reign of King Alfred, and the sequestration of its estates by Alfred because the monks had not made him a sufficient requital for vanquishing their enemies. By the 950s the abbey was in a decayed state, but in about 954 King Eadred appointed Æthelwold, later Bishop of Winchester, abbot. He was one of the leaders of the English Benedictine Reform, and Abingdon then became the second centre of the Reform (after Glastonbury). There is a collection of 136 charters granted to this abbey by various Saxon kings, and the Chronicle of the Monastery of Abingdon was written at the Abbey in the 12th century.
In Sutton Courtenay, Abingdon Abbey constructed The Abbey as a monastic grange, used as an administrative centre for the abbey's land and tithe holdings. However, the owner of the hide of land, Alwi the priest (whose father owned the land before him according to the Domesday Book), agreed with the abbot that he should retain Sutton with reversion first to his son and thereafter to the abbey, on condition of giving in Milton chapelry immediately. Almost certainly in the late twelfth century, Abingdon Abbey took two thirds of the tithes and the rector the remaining third. In 1258, following a dispute, the land was formally appropriated to the abbey and a vicarage was ordained. As it was close to Abingdon Abbey, it was probably run by the monks themselves rather than being left to a steward. In 1278, however, Hugh de Courtenay, Lord of the Manor of Sutton, sued the abbey for advowson. An allegedly biased jury was impanneled and in 1284 it found unexpectedly for Courtenay. Solomon of Rochester, the chief justice of the eyre, who presided over the jury, was the first to be partonised by the Courtenays. The abbot of Abingdon Abbey alleged that in 1290, Solomon of Rochester had seized the goods in it belonging to the abbey. He also claimed that Solomon had extorted 40 marks from the abbey for alleged dilapidations to the rectory house. He was not convicted of any offence.
Abbots after the Norman Conquest included Faritius, physician to Henry I of England (1100–17), and Richard of Hendred, for whose appointment the King's consent was obtained in 1262. He was present at the Council of Lyon in 1272. The last abbot was Thomas Pentecost alias Rowland, who was among the first to acknowledge the Royal Supremacy. With the rest of his community he signed the surrender of his monastery in 1538, receiving the manor of Cumnor for life or until he had preferment to the extent of £223 per annum. The revenues of the Abbey (26 Hen. VIII) were valued at £1876, 10s, 9d.
Ælfric of Abingdon was originally buried here, before being translated to Canterbury Cathedral.  Sideman (bishop) was buried here, too, as were Margaret, Countess of Pembroke, and Fulk FitzRoy.


Abingdon Bridge crosses the River Thames at the town of Abingdon, Oxfordshire, England. It carries the A415 road from Abingdon to Dorchester, Oxfordshire, over the reach of the Thames between Culham Lock and Abingdon Lock.
The bridge is actually two bridges, linked by Nag's Head Island. Abingdon Bridge is the northern part towards the town which has six arches and crosses the backwater and mill stream. The southern part is technically called Burford Bridge and has one main arch and four minor arches at the river and two minor arches on the floodplain. This crosses the main navigation channel. Furthermore, to complete the Thames crossing, Culham Bridge crossing the Swift Ditch should also be considered as an extension.


Abingdon Bridge was begun in 1416 and completed in 1422, using local limestone quarried at Besselsleigh and Dry Sandford. The bridge was funded by Abingdon's religious guild, the Fraternity of the Holy Cross, and chiefly by two of the guild's members: a London merchant called William Hales and his wife Maud. The bridge replaced a ferry and its completion severely reduced trade at Wallingford.
In 1453 "three new arches" were added at the southern end of the bridge, this becoming known as Burford Bridge. This description makes no reference to the two pairs of much small arches to each side of the central arches. In 1548 during the Edwardine Reformation the Crown suppressed the Fraternity of the Holy Cross. In 1553 a Royal charter founded Christ's Hospital to replace the guild and take over most of its property and functions, including custody and maintenance of Abingdon's bridges.
In 1790, when Abingdon Lock was opened, the Thames Navigation Commission had one of the arches closest to Nag's Head Island widened and raised to ease navigation. The width of the arch  was increased to 20 feet (6.1 m), and the airdraught was increased by 4 feet (1.2 m) at the crown of the arch and 6 feet (1.8 m) at the sides. Enlargement changed the arch from a late medieval 15th-century pointed profile to a Georgian elliptical one.
Early in the 19th century the bridge was widened piecemeal. The Governors of Christ's Hospital had the Maud Hales Bridge widened in 1800 and the Hart Bridge in 1818–19. The Trustees of the Fyfield Turnpike had Culham Bridge and the remainder of Abingdon Bridge widened in 1829–30.
The bridge was rebuilt again in 1927, this time by the County Councils of Berkshire and Oxfordshire, with J. J. Leeming as resident engineer. Three of the early 15th-century arches were demolished and replaced with one wide span to further ease navigation.


Abington is a district of the town of Northampton, Northamptonshire, England, situated about 2 miles (3.2 km) east of the town centre. The population of the ward of Northampton Borough Council at the 2011 census was 9,668.
The name 'Abington' means 'Farm/settlement connected with Abba'.
Originally a small village outside the borough boundary of Northampton, Abington is mentioned in The Domesday Book. In the 17th century the village was enclosed and depopulated. The outlines of the village's streets can still be seen as can the village's fishpond (although this is now a garden) in Abington Park. The park was given to the town by the Wantage family in the 19th century.
The area known as Abington became part of the borough of Northampton in the late 19th century as the town expanded. Its close location to Abington Park causes this to be a highly sought-after residential area. Abington has often been described as "the Greenwich Village of Northampton."
The Wellingborough Road (locally known as the "Welly Rd") passes through the centre of Abington containing many restaurants, pubs and supermarkets and is the heartbeat of the area. St Edmunds Hospital was once open on the Wellingborough Road before being closed in 1997 and demolished to make way for new development. Housing is mixed with former warehouses becoming converted flats, terraced housing and council housing.
Wantage Road in Abington is home to Northamptonshire County Cricket Club and was formerly the home of Northampton Town Football Club on Abington Avenue before the club moved to Sixfields in modern premises west of the town.


Abner Phelps served in the Mexican–American War as a colonel from 1846 to 1848 and later worked as a lawyer on Montgomery Street. He rode a horse to his office, which stood where the Transamerica Pyramid currently is located. By 1854, the San Francisco city borders extended to the property. The architecture style of the house is a reference to Gothic Revival with Colonial features.
The building has moved three times; once in 1890 for the road grading on Divisadero Street and then repositioned in the same place, secondly in 1904 to reposition the house so that stores could be built along Divisadero and in the 1970s it was repositioned on the lot to allow for a front yard. It previously had the address 329 Divisadero Street.


Abney Park cemetery is one of the "Magnificent Seven" cemeteries in London, England.
Abney Park in Stoke Newington in the London Borough of Hackney is a historic parkland originally laid out in the early 18th century by Lady Mary Abney and Dr. Isaac Watts and the neighbouring Hartopp family.
In 1840 it became a non-denominational garden cemetery, a semi-public park arboretum, and an educational institute, which was widely celebrated as an example of its time. A total of 196,843 burials had taken place there up to the year 2000. It is a Local Nature Reserve.


The cemetery is named after Sir Thomas Abney, who served as Lord Mayor of London in 1700–1701. The manor of Stoke Newington belonged to him in the early 18th century and his town house, Abney House, built in 1676, stood on the site of the present cemetery until its demolition in the 1830s.
In 1840, Abney Park opened as a model garden cemetery, a pioneering non-denominational place of rest. Its approach was based on the Congregational church's role in the London Missionary Society (LMS), whose fundamental principle was to develop a wholly non-denominational exemplar. It also drew on American burial ideas, specifically Mount Auburn in Massachusetts. Details of the Abney Park Cemetery Company can be found in the diaries of William Copeland Astbury (volumes covering 1831–48)
At first there were many links between Abney Park Cemetery and the LMS but this nonconformist (and in particular Congregationalist) period came to a close in the early 1880s when a strictly commercial general cemetery company was formed and the land at Abney Park was made over to the new enterprise. Though the park had not been formalised in 1840 as a cemetery through Act of Parliament or consecration, and Church faculty law never applied, burial ground use, had, by the 1880s, already come to predominate over the wider landscape, access and educational objects of its founders.
The founders' financial and legal structure, adapted from the model developed for garden cemeteries in the America by City solicitor George Collison, aimed to establish a joint stock corporation managed by trustees. The trustees would be appointed by the members (those buying plots). Under the trust deed, the founders sought to preserve the park in perpetuity. The weakness of the model lay in the detail however, but this was not evident for thirty years. An eventual successful prosecution by the Crown, ruled that despite their unusual business model and the way in which plots were seemingly sold as freehold land, the legal arrangements were actually inadequate to achieve a different status from any other commercial cemetery, either for the company or the registered keepers of plots. In consequence, company income could not be held in trust for the park, but was to be treated as for any other commercial profit-making company and taxed accordingly.
Eventually sold on the open market to a wholly commercially minded general cemetery company in the 1880s, established with a similar name, three new cemeteries were founded in London's suburbs or nearby countryside. From then onwards standardised park-like landscaping principles came to be applied at Abney Park, replacing much of the unique arboretum planting. Air pollution also took its toll, affecting the conifer walks. After the First World War, path infill began to be practised; a situation that became severe in the 1950s and was continued into the 1970s, when the commercial cemetery company went into liquidation.
In 1978, apart from one forecourt building, the park passed to the local council as a burial ground and open space subject to the Local Authorities Cemeteries Order of 1977. For the next twenty-one years, there being only a small number of residual burial and monuments rights, the Council worked with local groups and relatives to accommodate these rights, and exercise discretion to allow occasional courtesy burials, where families had previously held deeds from the cemetery company; but by and large nature was allowed to take its course.
Abney Park was included on the Heritage at Risk Register in 2009, as one of Britain's historic parks and gardens at risk from neglect and decay. Although the level of malicious damage is kept low by the conspicuous presence of staff and volunteers of the Abney Park Trust when maintaining the park; by frequent arts and environmental events promoted by the trust; and by community safety initiatives involving the police and their community support officers; nevertheless, over time it has taken its toll, leading to the current 'at risk' designation. The roof slates and roof flashings of the Abney Park Chapel have been damaged by unauthorised climbing and theft at times when the park was left unsupervised and unlocked overnight, and this has resulted in water seepage into the chapel walls which is now causing serious problems to the whole building. Similarly, from time to time, some sections of boundary wall become too weak due to people climbing over them, and decay has set in. However these matters could be put right and the park is a popular place to visit, with a range of educational, training and cultural events and an annual summer open day. It is a designated Local Nature Reserve and Conservation Area. Apart from the South Lodge extension on the forecourt, Abney Park's freehold is owned by the London Borough of Hackney. The park is situated near Stoke Newington High Street, London N16. It occupies 12.53 hectares (31.0 acres), which includes a nature reserve, a classroom, a visitor's centre and a central chapel which is disused. The park is normally opened for free public access on weekdays and weekends from about 9.30 am to 5 pm.