Question: What do males of this bird become during the breeding season?

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The primary song of the blue-headed vireo is a simple, slow, monotonous tune that is often confused with the faster red-eyed vireo (Vireo olivaceus) song. The primary song is sung only by the males and usually only during the breeding season. The males become quite vocal during the breeding season, with the song frequency reaching its height prior to mating and then decreasing after copulation. Both sexes share a series of calls that are used in both defence of nests, interspecies competition, and communication between breeding pairs while foraging.
When foraging during the breeding season, mated pairs constantly communicate with each other using a series of high pitched chirping calls.

Answer: quite vocal


Question: What does this plant do on cliffs and rocky places?

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Viscaria vulgaris, the sticky catchfly or clammy campion, is a flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae.
It is an upright perennial growing to 60 cm (24 in) in height. The leaves are lanceolate. The flowers, which are 20 mm across and bright rosy-pink, appear in long whorled spikes from May to August. It grows on cliffs and rocky places.
The Latin name Viscaria means "sticky", and refers to the stickiness of the stem just below the leaf joints. The English common names reference the same feature.
Viscaria vulgaris is also grown as an ornamental garden plant. In British horticultural literature it is often referred to by its synonym Lychnis viscaria. The cultivar 'Splendens Plena', a double-flowered form, has won the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.

Answer: grows


Question: What language do the common names of this plant come from?

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Viscaria vulgaris, the sticky catchfly or clammy campion, is a flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae.
It is an upright perennial growing to 60 cm (24 in) in height. The leaves are lanceolate. The flowers, which are 20 mm across and bright rosy-pink, appear in long whorled spikes from May to August. It grows on cliffs and rocky places.
The Latin name Viscaria means "sticky", and refers to the stickiness of the stem just below the leaf joints. The English common names reference the same feature.
Viscaria vulgaris is also grown as an ornamental garden plant. In British horticultural literature it is often referred to by its synonym Lychnis viscaria. The cultivar 'Splendens Plena', a double-flowered form, has won the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.

Answer: english


Question: What do the seeds of this plant germinate into?

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Each seed is encapsulated in a separate compartment. Endosperm is absent. Seeds germinate into tender seedlings that bear two cotyledons and quickly develop two red-margined true leaves. Ploidy level is 2n = 32, 34*.

Answer: tender seedlings


Question: Does this plant present or receieve a striking appearance?

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Y. filamentosa is widely cultivated in mild temperate and subtropical climates. A fairly compact species, it nevertheless presents a striking appearance with its sword-like leaves and dramatic flowerheads. It is naturally a focal point in the landscape, also providing a tropical touch in temperate gardens. It needs full sun and a well-drained soil, preferring an acid or slightly alkaline pH range of 5.5 to 7.5. It develops a large, fleshy, white taproot with deep lateral roots. Once planted and established, it is difficult to remove, as the roots keep sending up new shoots for many years. It is normally hardy down to −29 °C (−20 °F), or U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) hardiness zones of 5 to 9: UK H7).

Answer: presents


Question: What insect is commonly found on this plant?

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The plant has critical importance to the Atala butterfly (Eumaeus atala). The butterfly, thought extinct until recently, is dependent for its survival on Z. integrifolia, as well as several other species of Zamia. At the larval stage, the Atala caterpillar exclusively eats the leaves of the coontie. A half dozen caterpillars can completely strip a coontie bare, and a large coontie population is needed to sustain E. atala populations.
Mealybug destroyers (Cryptolaemus montrouzieri), are commonly found on Z. integrifolia. They form a mutualistic relationship by providing the plant protection from pests in exchange for food. They feed on the coonties' natural enemies, scales and mealybugs, thereby reducing the need for pesticides.

Answer: mealybug destroyers


Question: What are the adaptations of this insect for?

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Species within the subfamily Harpactorinae, commonly called sticky trap bugs, are able to capture prey through the use of sticky substances; for members of the tribe Harpactorinii, these sticky substances are mainly on their forelegs and middle legs. Viscous, sticky substances are secreted by dermal glands in more mature individuals. However, 1st instar nymphs are not able to produce these substances autogenously, and must gather them from the egg masses in which they hatched. 1st instars typically initiate application of these substances 25 minutes post-hatching in order to improve predation success and substrate adhesion. By clasping their secretion-coated forelegs around prey, escape is significantly reduced. Additionally, sticky substances on their middle and/or hindlegs provides better adhesion to substrates, like plant surface, which is important for ambushing and handling struggling prey. The exact developmental stage when Z. renardii produces their own sticky substance is unknown.
A key adaptation to Z. renardii's generalist predation style is the utilization of pre-oral digestion. By liquifying prey prior to ingestion, the nutrient-rich food can be selectively ingested, increasing the efficiency of predation and allowing consumption of larger or more intractable prey items. The rapid liquifaction of prey items is thought to be due to proteinase enzymes produced by the salivary glands and injected in the saliva by the stylet.  It is an important first step in the digestive process of Z. renardii, as the ingested material can undergo further hydrolysis in the anterior midgut as a function of the ingestion of disgorged salivary proteinases and endopeptidase activity. As the ingested material moves to the posterior midgut and hindgut, it is now composed of shortened peptide chains, which allows exopeptidases to continue hydrolysis. Endopeptidase activity continues in the hindgut, where nutrients are absorbed. Endopeptidase activity in the salivary glands and anterior midgut and exopeptidase activity in the posterior midgut and hindgut is thought to be an adaptation to acquiring food from a mainly solid form as it allows decreased prey handling time and decreases time of vulnerability during feeding.

Answer: predation


Question: What type of cats and dogs prey on this bird?

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White-winged doves are subjected to the usual arid-land predators, including foxes, bobcats, snakes, and coyotes. Aerial predators include owls and hawks. Domestic cats and dogs also take doves.
The oldest recorded wild individual lived to 21 years and 9 months, though the typical lifespan is closer to 10 or 15 years. In captivity, they have been recorded to live up to 25 years.

Answer: domestic


Question: What type of plant is this plant?

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Zizia aptera is a flowering plant native to North America. Its common names include meadow zizia, golden alexanders, heart leaved golden alexanders, and prairie golden alexanders.

Answer: flowering


Question: What is one common name for this plant?

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Zizia aptera is a flowering plant native to North America. Its common names include meadow zizia, golden alexanders, heart leaved golden alexanders, and prairie golden alexanders.

Answer: meadow zizia


Question: What is a common name for this plant?

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Zizia aptera is a flowering plant native to North America. Its common names include meadow zizia, golden alexanders, heart leaved golden alexanders, and prairie golden alexanders.

Answer: meadow zizia


Question: Where is this plant native?

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Zizia aptera is a flowering plant native to North America. Its common names include meadow zizia, golden alexanders, heart leaved golden alexanders, and prairie golden alexanders.

Answer: north america


Question: Where is this plant native to?

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Zizia aptera is a flowering plant native to North America. Its common names include meadow zizia, golden alexanders, heart leaved golden alexanders, and prairie golden alexanders.

Answer: north america


Question: Is this plant native or non-native to North America?

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Zizia aptera is a flowering plant native to North America. Its common names include meadow zizia, golden alexanders, heart leaved golden alexanders, and prairie golden alexanders.

Answer: native


Question: What is another common name for this plant?

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Zizia aptera is a flowering plant native to North America. Its common names include meadow zizia, golden alexanders, heart leaved golden alexanders, and prairie golden alexanders.

Answer: golden alexanders


Question: Where is this plant native to?

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Zizia aptera is a flowering plant native to North America. Its common names include meadow zizia, golden alexanders, heart leaved golden alexanders, and prairie golden alexanders.

Answer: north america


Question: What shape are the leaves of this plant?

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The leaves are 2.5–10 centimetres (1–4 inches) long, ovate and indented at the base, with jagged edges; the upper leaves are divided into three segments. Compound umbels of yellow flowers bloom atop the stems from May to July. The fruits are elliptical.

Answer: ovate


Question: What color are the flowers of this plant?

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The leaves are 2.5–10 centimetres (1–4 inches) long, ovate and indented at the base, with jagged edges; the upper leaves are divided into three segments. Compound umbels of yellow flowers bloom atop the stems from May to July. The fruits are elliptical.

Answer: yellow


Question: Where do the flowers of this plant grow?

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The leaves are 2.5–10 centimetres (1–4 inches) long, ovate and indented at the base, with jagged edges; the upper leaves are divided into three segments. Compound umbels of yellow flowers bloom atop the stems from May to July. The fruits are elliptical.

Answer: atop the stems


Question: Where are the leaves of this plant indented?

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The leaves are 2.5–10 centimetres (1–4 inches) long, ovate and indented at the base, with jagged edges; the upper leaves are divided into three segments. Compound umbels of yellow flowers bloom atop the stems from May to July. The fruits are elliptical.

Answer: at the base


Question: How many segments are the upper leaves of this plant divided into?

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The leaves are 2.5–10 centimetres (1–4 inches) long, ovate and indented at the base, with jagged edges; the upper leaves are divided into three segments. Compound umbels of yellow flowers bloom atop the stems from May to July. The fruits are elliptical.

Answer: three


Question: What shape are the edges of this plant's leaves?

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The leaves are 2.5–10 centimetres (1–4 inches) long, ovate and indented at the base, with jagged edges; the upper leaves are divided into three segments. Compound umbels of yellow flowers bloom atop the stems from May to July. The fruits are elliptical.

Answer: jagged


Question: What part of this plant is 2.5-10 centimetres long?

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The leaves are 2.5–10 centimetres (1–4 inches) long, ovate and indented at the base, with jagged edges; the upper leaves are divided into three segments. Compound umbels of yellow flowers bloom atop the stems from May to July. The fruits are elliptical.

Answer: leaves


Question: What is yellow and grows on the stems of this plant?

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The leaves are 2.5–10 centimetres (1–4 inches) long, ovate and indented at the base, with jagged edges; the upper leaves are divided into three segments. Compound umbels of yellow flowers bloom atop the stems from May to July. The fruits are elliptical.

Answer: flowers


Question: What is elliptical on this plant?

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The leaves are 2.5–10 centimetres (1–4 inches) long, ovate and indented at the base, with jagged edges; the upper leaves are divided into three segments. Compound umbels of yellow flowers bloom atop the stems from May to July. The fruits are elliptical.

Answer: fruits


Question: What kind of umbels does this plant have?

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The leaves are 2.5–10 centimetres (1–4 inches) long, ovate and indented at the base, with jagged edges; the upper leaves are divided into three segments. Compound umbels of yellow flowers bloom atop the stems from May to July. The fruits are elliptical.

Answer: compound


Question: Does this plant inhabit or avoid wet areas?

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Zizia aptera can be found from western Canada south to eastern Washington state, northwestern Oregon, and northeastern Nevada, extending east to Colorado. It inhabits wet areas.

Answer: inhabits


Question: What type of habitat does this plant prefer?

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Zizia aptera can be found from western Canada south to eastern Washington state, northwestern Oregon, and northeastern Nevada, extending east to Colorado. It inhabits wet areas.

Answer: wet areas


Question: What part of canada can this plant be found?

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Zizia aptera can be found from western Canada south to eastern Washington state, northwestern Oregon, and northeastern Nevada, extending east to Colorado. It inhabits wet areas.

Answer: western


Question: Where does this plant live?

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Zizia aptera can be found from western Canada south to eastern Washington state, northwestern Oregon, and northeastern Nevada, extending east to Colorado. It inhabits wet areas.

Answer: wet areas


Question: Where is the southern limit of the range of this plant?

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Zizia aptera can be found from western Canada south to eastern Washington state, northwestern Oregon, and northeastern Nevada, extending east to Colorado. It inhabits wet areas.

Answer: eastern washington state


Question: Wet areas are the this plant's what?

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Zizia aptera can be found from western Canada south to eastern Washington state, northwestern Oregon, and northeastern Nevada, extending east to Colorado. It inhabits wet areas.

Answer: habitat


Question: Where does the range of this plant end in the east?

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Zizia aptera can be found from western Canada south to eastern Washington state, northwestern Oregon, and northeastern Nevada, extending east to Colorado. It inhabits wet areas.

Answer: colorado


Question: Does the range of this plant extend or contract east to colorado?

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Zizia aptera can be found from western Canada south to eastern Washington state, northwestern Oregon, and northeastern Nevada, extending east to Colorado. It inhabits wet areas.

Answer: extending


Question: In what state is this plant found in the northeastern part?

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Zizia aptera can be found from western Canada south to eastern Washington state, northwestern Oregon, and northeastern Nevada, extending east to Colorado. It inhabits wet areas.

Answer: nevada


Question: Is this plant found or not found in colorado?

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Zizia aptera can be found from western Canada south to eastern Washington state, northwestern Oregon, and northeastern Nevada, extending east to Colorado. It inhabits wet areas.

Answer: found


Question: What part of oregon can you find this plant?

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Zizia aptera can be found from western Canada south to eastern Washington state, northwestern Oregon, and northeastern Nevada, extending east to Colorado. It inhabits wet areas.

Answer: northwestern


Question: In what state is this plant listed as endangered?

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Zizia aptera is listed as endangered in Connecticut, as rare in Indiana, as threatened in Michigan, and as "historical" (extirpated) in Rhode Island.

Answer: connecticut


Question: How is this plant listed in indiana?

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Zizia aptera is listed as endangered in Connecticut, as rare in Indiana, as threatened in Michigan, and as "historical" (extirpated) in Rhode Island.

Answer: rare


Question: In what state is this plant listed as historical?

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Zizia aptera is listed as endangered in Connecticut, as rare in Indiana, as threatened in Michigan, and as "historical" (extirpated) in Rhode Island.

Answer: rhode island


Question: In what state is this plant listed as threatened?

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Zizia aptera is listed as endangered in Connecticut, as rare in Indiana, as threatened in Michigan, and as "historical" (extirpated) in Rhode Island.

Answer: michigan


Question: What is the status of this plant in indiana?

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Zizia aptera is listed as endangered in Connecticut, as rare in Indiana, as threatened in Michigan, and as "historical" (extirpated) in Rhode Island.

Answer: rare


Question: What is the status of this plant in connecticut?

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Zizia aptera is listed as endangered in Connecticut, as rare in Indiana, as threatened in Michigan, and as "historical" (extirpated) in Rhode Island.

Answer: endangered


Question: Which state lists this plant as historical?

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Zizia aptera is listed as endangered in Connecticut, as rare in Indiana, as threatened in Michigan, and as "historical" (extirpated) in Rhode Island.

Answer: rhode island


Question: Is this plant listed or unlisted as endangered in connecticut?

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Zizia aptera is listed as endangered in Connecticut, as rare in Indiana, as threatened in Michigan, and as "historical" (extirpated) in Rhode Island.

Answer: listed


Question: What is the status of this plant in rhode island?

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Zizia aptera is listed as endangered in Connecticut, as rare in Indiana, as threatened in Michigan, and as "historical" (extirpated) in Rhode Island.

Answer: historical


Question: Where is this plant listed as rare?

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Zizia aptera is listed as endangered in Connecticut, as rare in Indiana, as threatened in Michigan, and as "historical" (extirpated) in Rhode Island.

Answer: indiana


Question: How is this plant listed in michigan?

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Zizia aptera is listed as endangered in Connecticut, as rare in Indiana, as threatened in Michigan, and as "historical" (extirpated) in Rhode Island.

Answer: threatened


Question: What state lists this plant as threatened?

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Zizia aptera is listed as endangered in Connecticut, as rare in Indiana, as threatened in Michigan, and as "historical" (extirpated) in Rhode Island.

Answer: michigan


Question: What state lists this plant as rare?

Instruction: Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:

Zizia aptera is listed as endangered in Connecticut, as rare in Indiana, as threatened in Michigan, and as "historical" (extirpated) in Rhode Island.

Answer: indiana


Question: What state lists this plant as endangered?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

Zizia aptera is listed as endangered in Connecticut, as rare in Indiana, as threatened in Michigan, and as "historical" (extirpated) in Rhode Island.

Answer: connecticut


Question: What is the status of this plant in michigan?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

Zizia aptera is listed as endangered in Connecticut, as rare in Indiana, as threatened in Michigan, and as "historical" (extirpated) in Rhode Island.

Answer: threatened


Question: What is this plant listed as in Rhode Island?

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Zizia aptera is listed as endangered in Connecticut, as rare in Indiana, as threatened in Michigan, and as "historical" (extirpated) in Rhode Island.

Answer: historical


Question: How is this plant listed in connecticut?

Instruction: Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:

Zizia aptera is listed as endangered in Connecticut, as rare in Indiana, as threatened in Michigan, and as "historical" (extirpated) in Rhode Island.

Answer: endangered


Question: Who does this bird spend its winters with?

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The golden-crowned sparrow spends its winters in flocks with conspecifics, but also often with other sparrow species, especially white-crowned sparrows. Flock territories typically range in size from 15–20 acres (6.1–8.1 ha). Individual birds remain with the same flock for the entire winter and return to the same wintering site each year. Studies show that the golden-crowned sparrow's black and gold head stripes are used to signal social status in wintering flocks. Such signals help to reduce the incidence of confrontation between flock mates, thereby reducing such potential costs as injuries or the unnecessary expenditure of energy. The size and color of a bird's crown patches are better predictors of dominance (indicating which bird will avoid confrontation with another) than are the bird's size or sex. Birds with similarly sized gold crown patches are far more likely to engage in agonistic behavior than are those showing differences, and the outcomes of such confrontations can be predicted based on the color of their black stripes. This suggests that social status in this species involves more complexity than a single signal will allow, and that the multiple color patches allow a gradient of interactions between flock mates.

Answer: conspecifics


Question: What is this bird's primary diet?

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These white-eyes are sociable, forming flocks which only separate on the approach of the breeding season. They are highly arboreal and only rarely descend to the ground. The breeding season is February to September but April is the peak breeding season and the compact cup nest is a placed like a hammock on the fork of a branch. The nest is made of cobwebs, lichens and plant fibre. The nest is built in about 4 days and the two pale blue eggs are laid within a couple of days of each other. The eggs hatch in about 10 days. Both sexes take care of brooding the chicks which fledge in about 10 days.
Though mainly insectivorous, the Indian white-eye will also eat nectar and fruits of various kinds.
They call frequently as they forage and the usual contact call is a soft nasal cheer. They pollinate flowers when they visit them for flower insects (such as thrips) and possibly nectar (questioned) that form their diet. The forehead is sometimes coloured by pollen leading to mistaken identifications. They have been observed bathing in dew accumulated on leaves.
When nesting, they may mob palm squirrels but being small birds they are usually on the defensive. Their predators include bats (esp. Megaderma lyra) and birds such as the white-throated kingfisher. Endoparasitic Haemosporidia of the genus Haemoproteus and Dorisa have been isolated from the species although these rarely cause death.
Like some other white-eyes, they sometimes steal nest material from the nests of other birds. Cases of interspecific feeding have been noted with white-eyes feeding the chicks of a paradise flycatcher.
Although not strong fliers, they are capable of dispersing in winds and storms to new areas including offshore islands. A feral population of this species established itself in California during the 1980s requiring their capture and destruction. They were captured by luring them using call playback and live decoys into mistnets.

Answer: insectivorous


Question: What is the german name for this abbey?

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The Abbey of St. Märgen (German: Kloster St. Märgen) is a former Augustinian canons monastery in St. Märgen in the Black Forest in Germany, which was founded around 1118 under the name Cella Sanctae Mariae ("Chapel of St. Mary"). The German form of the name, Maria-Zell, changed over the centuries through Marienzell, Sante Merien and St. Mergen to the present name of the abbey and village, St. Märgen. The Baroque abbey church of St. Mary of the Assumption (Mariä Himmelfahrt) is today the Roman Catholic parish church of St. Märgen and one of the most important Marian pilgrimage churches in the Archdiocese of Freiburg.
The history of the abbey has been researched in depth, especially by church historian Wolfgang Müller (1905–1983), the priest and art historian Manfred Hermann, the teacher and historian, Elisabeth Irtenkauf (born 1931 in Rottweil) and St. Märgen's sexton and local historian, Klaus Hog (born 1966 in Freiburg im Breisgau).
The abbey was destroyed five times by fire, the first time in 1284 or shortly before and the last time in 1907. It was rebuilt or restored five times.
In art history it has a special significance because one of the most important rococo woodcarvers in southern Germany, Matthias Faller, lived and worked here for a while.

Answer: kloster st. märgen


Question: What is the german term for this abbey?

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The Abbey of St. Märgen (German: Kloster St. Märgen) is a former Augustinian canons monastery in St. Märgen in the Black Forest in Germany, which was founded around 1118 under the name Cella Sanctae Mariae ("Chapel of St. Mary"). The German form of the name, Maria-Zell, changed over the centuries through Marienzell, Sante Merien and St. Mergen to the present name of the abbey and village, St. Märgen. The Baroque abbey church of St. Mary of the Assumption (Mariä Himmelfahrt) is today the Roman Catholic parish church of St. Märgen and one of the most important Marian pilgrimage churches in the Archdiocese of Freiburg.
The history of the abbey has been researched in depth, especially by church historian Wolfgang Müller (1905–1983), the priest and art historian Manfred Hermann, the teacher and historian, Elisabeth Irtenkauf (born 1931 in Rottweil) and St. Märgen's sexton and local historian, Klaus Hog (born 1966 in Freiburg im Breisgau).
The abbey was destroyed five times by fire, the first time in 1284 or shortly before and the last time in 1907. It was rebuilt or restored five times.
In art history it has a special significance because one of the most important rococo woodcarvers in southern Germany, Matthias Faller, lived and worked here for a while.

Answer: kloster st. märgen


Question: Along with marienzell and st. mergen, what was the previous name of this abbey?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

The Abbey of St. Märgen (German: Kloster St. Märgen) is a former Augustinian canons monastery in St. Märgen in the Black Forest in Germany, which was founded around 1118 under the name Cella Sanctae Mariae ("Chapel of St. Mary"). The German form of the name, Maria-Zell, changed over the centuries through Marienzell, Sante Merien and St. Mergen to the present name of the abbey and village, St. Märgen. The Baroque abbey church of St. Mary of the Assumption (Mariä Himmelfahrt) is today the Roman Catholic parish church of St. Märgen and one of the most important Marian pilgrimage churches in the Archdiocese of Freiburg.
The history of the abbey has been researched in depth, especially by church historian Wolfgang Müller (1905–1983), the priest and art historian Manfred Hermann, the teacher and historian, Elisabeth Irtenkauf (born 1931 in Rottweil) and St. Märgen's sexton and local historian, Klaus Hog (born 1966 in Freiburg im Breisgau).
The abbey was destroyed five times by fire, the first time in 1284 or shortly before and the last time in 1907. It was rebuilt or restored five times.
In art history it has a special significance because one of the most important rococo woodcarvers in southern Germany, Matthias Faller, lived and worked here for a while.

Answer: sante merien


Question: In what year was this abbey founded?

Instruction: Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:

The Abbey of St. Märgen (German: Kloster St. Märgen) is a former Augustinian canons monastery in St. Märgen in the Black Forest in Germany, which was founded around 1118 under the name Cella Sanctae Mariae ("Chapel of St. Mary"). The German form of the name, Maria-Zell, changed over the centuries through Marienzell, Sante Merien and St. Mergen to the present name of the abbey and village, St. Märgen. The Baroque abbey church of St. Mary of the Assumption (Mariä Himmelfahrt) is today the Roman Catholic parish church of St. Märgen and one of the most important Marian pilgrimage churches in the Archdiocese of Freiburg.
The history of the abbey has been researched in depth, especially by church historian Wolfgang Müller (1905–1983), the priest and art historian Manfred Hermann, the teacher and historian, Elisabeth Irtenkauf (born 1931 in Rottweil) and St. Märgen's sexton and local historian, Klaus Hog (born 1966 in Freiburg im Breisgau).
The abbey was destroyed five times by fire, the first time in 1284 or shortly before and the last time in 1907. It was rebuilt or restored five times.
In art history it has a special significance because one of the most important rococo woodcarvers in southern Germany, Matthias Faller, lived and worked here for a while.

Answer: 1118


Question: Along with marienzell and st. mergen, what was the former name of this abbey?

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The Abbey of St. Märgen (German: Kloster St. Märgen) is a former Augustinian canons monastery in St. Märgen in the Black Forest in Germany, which was founded around 1118 under the name Cella Sanctae Mariae ("Chapel of St. Mary"). The German form of the name, Maria-Zell, changed over the centuries through Marienzell, Sante Merien and St. Mergen to the present name of the abbey and village, St. Märgen. The Baroque abbey church of St. Mary of the Assumption (Mariä Himmelfahrt) is today the Roman Catholic parish church of St. Märgen and one of the most important Marian pilgrimage churches in the Archdiocese of Freiburg.
The history of the abbey has been researched in depth, especially by church historian Wolfgang Müller (1905–1983), the priest and art historian Manfred Hermann, the teacher and historian, Elisabeth Irtenkauf (born 1931 in Rottweil) and St. Märgen's sexton and local historian, Klaus Hog (born 1966 in Freiburg im Breisgau).
The abbey was destroyed five times by fire, the first time in 1284 or shortly before and the last time in 1907. It was rebuilt or restored five times.
In art history it has a special significance because one of the most important rococo woodcarvers in southern Germany, Matthias Faller, lived and worked here for a while.

Answer: sante merien


Question: What type of monastery is this monastery?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

The Abbey of St. Märgen (German: Kloster St. Märgen) is a former Augustinian canons monastery in St. Märgen in the Black Forest in Germany, which was founded around 1118 under the name Cella Sanctae Mariae ("Chapel of St. Mary"). The German form of the name, Maria-Zell, changed over the centuries through Marienzell, Sante Merien and St. Mergen to the present name of the abbey and village, St. Märgen. The Baroque abbey church of St. Mary of the Assumption (Mariä Himmelfahrt) is today the Roman Catholic parish church of St. Märgen and one of the most important Marian pilgrimage churches in the Archdiocese of Freiburg.
The history of the abbey has been researched in depth, especially by church historian Wolfgang Müller (1905–1983), the priest and art historian Manfred Hermann, the teacher and historian, Elisabeth Irtenkauf (born 1931 in Rottweil) and St. Märgen's sexton and local historian, Klaus Hog (born 1966 in Freiburg im Breisgau).
The abbey was destroyed five times by fire, the first time in 1284 or shortly before and the last time in 1907. It was rebuilt or restored five times.
In art history it has a special significance because one of the most important rococo woodcarvers in southern Germany, Matthias Faller, lived and worked here for a while.

Answer: augustinian canons


Question: What was done in 1118 at this abbey?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

The Abbey of St. Märgen (German: Kloster St. Märgen) is a former Augustinian canons monastery in St. Märgen in the Black Forest in Germany, which was founded around 1118 under the name Cella Sanctae Mariae ("Chapel of St. Mary"). The German form of the name, Maria-Zell, changed over the centuries through Marienzell, Sante Merien and St. Mergen to the present name of the abbey and village, St. Märgen. The Baroque abbey church of St. Mary of the Assumption (Mariä Himmelfahrt) is today the Roman Catholic parish church of St. Märgen and one of the most important Marian pilgrimage churches in the Archdiocese of Freiburg.
The history of the abbey has been researched in depth, especially by church historian Wolfgang Müller (1905–1983), the priest and art historian Manfred Hermann, the teacher and historian, Elisabeth Irtenkauf (born 1931 in Rottweil) and St. Märgen's sexton and local historian, Klaus Hog (born 1966 in Freiburg im Breisgau).
The abbey was destroyed five times by fire, the first time in 1284 or shortly before and the last time in 1907. It was rebuilt or restored five times.
In art history it has a special significance because one of the most important rococo woodcarvers in southern Germany, Matthias Faller, lived and worked here for a while.

Answer: founded


Question: In what country is this abbey located?

Instruction: Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:

The Abbey of St. Märgen (German: Kloster St. Märgen) is a former Augustinian canons monastery in St. Märgen in the Black Forest in Germany, which was founded around 1118 under the name Cella Sanctae Mariae ("Chapel of St. Mary"). The German form of the name, Maria-Zell, changed over the centuries through Marienzell, Sante Merien and St. Mergen to the present name of the abbey and village, St. Märgen. The Baroque abbey church of St. Mary of the Assumption (Mariä Himmelfahrt) is today the Roman Catholic parish church of St. Märgen and one of the most important Marian pilgrimage churches in the Archdiocese of Freiburg.
The history of the abbey has been researched in depth, especially by church historian Wolfgang Müller (1905–1983), the priest and art historian Manfred Hermann, the teacher and historian, Elisabeth Irtenkauf (born 1931 in Rottweil) and St. Märgen's sexton and local historian, Klaus Hog (born 1966 in Freiburg im Breisgau).
The abbey was destroyed five times by fire, the first time in 1284 or shortly before and the last time in 1907. It was rebuilt or restored five times.
In art history it has a special significance because one of the most important rococo woodcarvers in southern Germany, Matthias Faller, lived and worked here for a while.

Answer: germany


Question: What is the german name for this abbey?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

The Abbey of St. Märgen (German: Kloster St. Märgen) is a former Augustinian canons monastery in St. Märgen in the Black Forest in Germany, which was founded around 1118 under the name Cella Sanctae Mariae ("Chapel of St. Mary"). The German form of the name, Maria-Zell, changed over the centuries through Marienzell, Sante Merien and St. Mergen to the present name of the abbey and village, St. Märgen. The Baroque abbey church of St. Mary of the Assumption (Mariä Himmelfahrt) is today the Roman Catholic parish church of St. Märgen and one of the most important Marian pilgrimage churches in the Archdiocese of Freiburg.
The history of the abbey has been researched in depth, especially by church historian Wolfgang Müller (1905–1983), the priest and art historian Manfred Hermann, the teacher and historian, Elisabeth Irtenkauf (born 1931 in Rottweil) and St. Märgen's sexton and local historian, Klaus Hog (born 1966 in Freiburg im Breisgau).
The abbey was destroyed five times by fire, the first time in 1284 or shortly before and the last time in 1907. It was rebuilt or restored five times.
In art history it has a special significance because one of the most important rococo woodcarvers in southern Germany, Matthias Faller, lived and worked here for a while.

Answer: kloster st. märgen


Question: What was this abbey a former Augustinian canons?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

The Abbey of St. Märgen (German: Kloster St. Märgen) is a former Augustinian canons monastery in St. Märgen in the Black Forest in Germany, which was founded around 1118 under the name Cella Sanctae Mariae ("Chapel of St. Mary"). The German form of the name, Maria-Zell, changed over the centuries through Marienzell, Sante Merien and St. Mergen to the present name of the abbey and village, St. Märgen. The Baroque abbey church of St. Mary of the Assumption (Mariä Himmelfahrt) is today the Roman Catholic parish church of St. Märgen and one of the most important Marian pilgrimage churches in the Archdiocese of Freiburg.
The history of the abbey has been researched in depth, especially by church historian Wolfgang Müller (1905–1983), the priest and art historian Manfred Hermann, the teacher and historian, Elisabeth Irtenkauf (born 1931 in Rottweil) and St. Märgen's sexton and local historian, Klaus Hog (born 1966 in Freiburg im Breisgau).
The abbey was destroyed five times by fire, the first time in 1284 or shortly before and the last time in 1907. It was rebuilt or restored five times.
In art history it has a special significance because one of the most important rococo woodcarvers in southern Germany, Matthias Faller, lived and worked here for a while.

Answer: monastery


Question: The list of superiors of this abbey and all saints of the abbey of st. margen is divided into superiors before and after what year?

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This list is extracted from the work by Wolfgang Müller (1969) and also contained in Irtenkauf and Hog (2010). It is divided into superiors before and after the union of 1370.

Answer: 1370


Question: Whose work is the list of superiors of this abbey and all saints of the abbey of st. margen based on?

Instruction: Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:

This list is extracted from the work by Wolfgang Müller (1969) and also contained in Irtenkauf and Hog (2010). It is divided into superiors before and after the union of 1370.

Answer: wolfgang müller


Question: Is the list of superiors of st. märgen and all saints of this abbey unified or divided?

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This list is extracted from the work by Wolfgang Müller (1969) and also contained in Irtenkauf and Hog (2010). It is divided into superiors before and after the union of 1370.

Answer: divided


Question: Along with hog, who published a work containing the list of superiors of st. märgen and all saints of this abbey?

Instruction: Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:

This list is extracted from the work by Wolfgang Müller (1969) and also contained in Irtenkauf and Hog (2010). It is divided into superiors before and after the union of 1370.

Answer: irtenkauf


Question: In what year did Wolfgang Müller create the list of superiors of St. Märgen and all saints of this abbey?

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This list is extracted from the work by Wolfgang Müller (1969) and also contained in Irtenkauf and Hog (2010). It is divided into superiors before and after the union of 1370.

Answer: 1969


Question: Along with hog, who published a work containing the list of superiors of st. märgen and all saints of this abbey in 2010?

Instruction: Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:

This list is extracted from the work by Wolfgang Müller (1969) and also contained in Irtenkauf and Hog (2010). It is divided into superiors before and after the union of 1370.

Answer: irtenkauf


Question: Whose work is the list of superiors of st. märgen and all saints of this abbey extracted from?

Instruction: Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:

This list is extracted from the work by Wolfgang Müller (1969) and also contained in Irtenkauf and Hog (2010). It is divided into superiors before and after the union of 1370.

Answer: wolfgang müller


Question: Superiors before and after what year are divided on the list of superiors of this abbey?

Instruction: Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:

This list is extracted from the work by Wolfgang Müller (1969) and also contained in Irtenkauf and Hog (2010). It is divided into superiors before and after the union of 1370.

Answer: 1370


Question: In addition to irtenkauf, who else contains the list of superiors of st. märgen and all saints of this abbey?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

This list is extracted from the work by Wolfgang Müller (1969) and also contained in Irtenkauf and Hog (2010). It is divided into superiors before and after the union of 1370.

Answer: hog


Question: Along with hog, who also contains a version of the list of superiors of st. märgen and all saints of this abbey?

Instruction: Obtain documents that correspond to the inquiry alongside the provided image:

This list is extracted from the work by Wolfgang Müller (1969) and also contained in Irtenkauf and Hog (2010). It is divided into superiors before and after the union of 1370.

Answer: irtenkauf


Question: During what years was nikolaus of hochdorf the abbot of this abbey?

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Hermann (1300, 1302)
Werner (1329)
Heinrich Wibeler (1306, 1311)
Johannes (1314, 1315)
Konrad (1316, 1324)
Werner (1329)
Heinrich Melvinger (1335, 1357)
Nikolaus of Hochdorf (Freiburg im Breisgau) (1358–1370)
Bertold Schultheiß of Hüfingen 1370

Answer: 1358–1370


Question: Where is this abbey located?

Instruction: Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:

Josef Bader: Die Schicksale der ehemaligen Abtei S. Märgen im breisgauischen Schwarzwalde. in: Freiburger Diözesan-Archiv, Vol. 2, Freiburg im Breisgau, 1866, pp. 211–278. (Digitalisat)
Manfred Hermann: St. Märgen im Schwarzwald und seine Wallfahrtsgeschichte. Die Gnadenmutter der einstigen Klosterkirche und die Wallfahrt zum hl. Judas Thaddäus auf dem Ohmen. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg im Allgäu, 2002.
Manfred Hermann: Katholische Pfarr- und Wallfahrtskirche Mariä Himmelfahrt St. Märgen im Schwarzwald. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg im Allgäu, 2003, ISBN 3-89870-135-2.
Klaus Hog: Im Gedenken an die Säkularisation des Klosters Mariazell auf dem Schwarzwald. 1806–2006. St. Märgen, 2005.
Elisabeth Irtenkauf: Die Tagebücher des Abtes bzw. Propstes Andreas Dilger von St. Märgen und Allerheiligen/Freiburg (reg. 1713–1736). In: Freiburger Diözesan-Archiv, Vol. 119 (1999), pp. 5–328 (digitalised)
Elisabeth Irtenkauf, Wolfgang Irtenkauf: Die Tagebücher des Abtes bzw. Propstes Peter Glunk von St. Märgen auf dem Schwarzwald (reg. 1736–1766). In: Freiburger Diözesan-Archiv, Vol. 115 (1995), pp. 35–278 (digitalised)
Elisabeth Irtenkauf, Klaus Hog: Die Baugeschichte des Klosters St. Märgen auf dem Schwarzwald eingebettet in die Klostergeschichte (ca. 1115–1860). Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg im Allgäu, 2010, ISBN 978-3-89870-274-4.
Franz Kern: Das Tagebuch des vorletzten Abtes von St. Märgen im Schwarzwald, Michael Fritz. In: Freiburger Diözesan-Archiv, Vol. 89 (1969), pp. 141–309 (digitalised)
Bernhard Mangei: Herrschaftsbildung von Königtum, Kirche und Adel zwischen Oberrhein und Schwarzwald. Dissertation Freiburg 2003 (full text)
Wolfgang Müller: Studien zur Geschichte der Klöster St. Märgen und Allerheiligen, Freiburg i. Br. In: Freiburger Diözesan-Archiv, Vol. 89 (1969), pp. 5–129 (digitalised)
Johannes Weber: Aus der Geschichte der katholischen Pfarrgemeinde St. Märgen. 2. Auflage. Katholische Kirchengemeinde St. Märgen, 1985.

Answer: schwarzwalde


Question: What does the abingdon square conservancy do for this park?

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Abingdon Square Park is located in the New York City borough of Manhattan in Greenwich Village. The park is bordered by Eighth Avenue, Bank Street, Hudson Street and West 12th Street.
Abingdon Square Park is one of New York City's oldest parks, and at 0.25 acres (1,000 m²), one of it smallest. It is maintained by the Abingdon Square Conservancy, a community-based park association, in cooperation with the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation.

Answer: maintained


Question: How big is this park?

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Abingdon Square Park is located in the New York City borough of Manhattan in Greenwich Village. The park is bordered by Eighth Avenue, Bank Street, Hudson Street and West 12th Street.
Abingdon Square Park is one of New York City's oldest parks, and at 0.25 acres (1,000 m²), one of it smallest. It is maintained by the Abingdon Square Conservancy, a community-based park association, in cooperation with the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation.

Answer: 0.25 acres


Question: What does the abingdon square conservancy do for this park?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

Abingdon Square Park is located in the New York City borough of Manhattan in Greenwich Village. The park is bordered by Eighth Avenue, Bank Street, Hudson Street and West 12th Street.
Abingdon Square Park is one of New York City's oldest parks, and at 0.25 acres (1,000 m²), one of it smallest. It is maintained by the Abingdon Square Conservancy, a community-based park association, in cooperation with the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation.

Answer: maintained


Question: What is the western edge of this park?

Instruction: Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:

Abingdon Square Park is located in the New York City borough of Manhattan in Greenwich Village. The park is bordered by Eighth Avenue, Bank Street, Hudson Street and West 12th Street.
Abingdon Square Park is one of New York City's oldest parks, and at 0.25 acres (1,000 m²), one of it smallest. It is maintained by the Abingdon Square Conservancy, a community-based park association, in cooperation with the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation.

Answer: west 12th street


Question: Who was part of a group that created a new design for this park?

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New York City acquired the land on which the park resides on April 22, 1831, and it was enclosed with a cast-iron fence in 1836. In the 1880s, an effort was initiated by Mayor Abram Stevens Hewitt to expand public access to parks. Architect Calvert Vaux was part of a group that created a new design for Abingdon Square.
The square was part of a 300-acre (1.2 km²) estate purchased by Sir Peter Warren in 1740. Abingdon Square was named for a prominent eighteenth-century area resident, Charlotte Warren, who married Englishman Willoughby Bertie, the 4th Earl of Abingdon and received the land as a wedding gift from her father. Although most explicitly British place names in Manhattan were altered after the Revolutionary War, Abingdon Square retained its name due to the well-known patriotic sympathies of Charlotte and the Earl.
In 2005, the Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation recognized the park's then-recent renovation with a Village Award.  On August 3, 2009, a small garden was established inside the park as a memorial to Adrienne Shelly, an actress and film producer who was slain in her office located in 15 Abingdon Square.

Answer: architect calvert vaux


Question: What is the subject of this park?

Instruction: Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:

New York City acquired the land on which the park resides on April 22, 1831, and it was enclosed with a cast-iron fence in 1836. In the 1880s, an effort was initiated by Mayor Abram Stevens Hewitt to expand public access to parks. Architect Calvert Vaux was part of a group that created a new design for Abingdon Square.
The square was part of a 300-acre (1.2 km²) estate purchased by Sir Peter Warren in 1740. Abingdon Square was named for a prominent eighteenth-century area resident, Charlotte Warren, who married Englishman Willoughby Bertie, the 4th Earl of Abingdon and received the land as a wedding gift from her father. Although most explicitly British place names in Manhattan were altered after the Revolutionary War, Abingdon Square retained its name due to the well-known patriotic sympathies of Charlotte and the Earl.
In 2005, the Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation recognized the park's then-recent renovation with a Village Award.  On August 3, 2009, a small garden was established inside the park as a memorial to Adrienne Shelly, an actress and film producer who was slain in her office located in 15 Abingdon Square.

Answer: history


Question: How large was the original estate that this park was a part of?

Instruction: Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:

New York City acquired the land on which the park resides on April 22, 1831, and it was enclosed with a cast-iron fence in 1836. In the 1880s, an effort was initiated by Mayor Abram Stevens Hewitt to expand public access to parks. Architect Calvert Vaux was part of a group that created a new design for Abingdon Square.
The square was part of a 300-acre (1.2 km²) estate purchased by Sir Peter Warren in 1740. Abingdon Square was named for a prominent eighteenth-century area resident, Charlotte Warren, who married Englishman Willoughby Bertie, the 4th Earl of Abingdon and received the land as a wedding gift from her father. Although most explicitly British place names in Manhattan were altered after the Revolutionary War, Abingdon Square retained its name due to the well-known patriotic sympathies of Charlotte and the Earl.
In 2005, the Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation recognized the park's then-recent renovation with a Village Award.  On August 3, 2009, a small garden was established inside the park as a memorial to Adrienne Shelly, an actress and film producer who was slain in her office located in 15 Abingdon Square.

Answer: 300-acre


Question: Who purchased the 300-acre estate that included this park in 1740?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

New York City acquired the land on which the park resides on April 22, 1831, and it was enclosed with a cast-iron fence in 1836. In the 1880s, an effort was initiated by Mayor Abram Stevens Hewitt to expand public access to parks. Architect Calvert Vaux was part of a group that created a new design for Abingdon Square.
The square was part of a 300-acre (1.2 km²) estate purchased by Sir Peter Warren in 1740. Abingdon Square was named for a prominent eighteenth-century area resident, Charlotte Warren, who married Englishman Willoughby Bertie, the 4th Earl of Abingdon and received the land as a wedding gift from her father. Although most explicitly British place names in Manhattan were altered after the Revolutionary War, Abingdon Square retained its name due to the well-known patriotic sympathies of Charlotte and the Earl.
In 2005, the Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation recognized the park's then-recent renovation with a Village Award.  On August 3, 2009, a small garden was established inside the park as a memorial to Adrienne Shelly, an actress and film producer who was slain in her office located in 15 Abingdon Square.

Answer: sir peter warren


Question: What is the Abingdon Square Park exempt from?

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Abingdon Square Conservancy is a non-profit public charity exempt from federal income tax under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code.  The Conservancy's mission is to enhance and maintain the Square as a scenic and historic landmark.  The Conservancy is solely dependent on private donations for its operations and receives no public funding.
The Conservancy employs a horticulturalist to design and maintain plantings, provide gardening services, liaise with the City, and supervise maintenance in the park.  A groundskeeper is employed to keep the Square clean.  The Square is maintained in cooperation with the New York City Parks and Recreation Department, which collects trash and locks and unlocks the gates.
Annual Conservancy events include a spring tulip display, Tulip Celebration (a member appreciation cocktail party), a carved Pumpkin Patch on Halloween night and a winter holiday decoration and light display.

Answer: federal income tax


Question: Is the Abingdon Square Park Conservancy exempt or subject to federal income tax?

Instruction: Obtain documents that correspond to the inquiry alongside the provided image:

Abingdon Square Conservancy is a non-profit public charity exempt from federal income tax under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code.  The Conservancy's mission is to enhance and maintain the Square as a scenic and historic landmark.  The Conservancy is solely dependent on private donations for its operations and receives no public funding.
The Conservancy employs a horticulturalist to design and maintain plantings, provide gardening services, liaise with the City, and supervise maintenance in the park.  A groundskeeper is employed to keep the Square clean.  The Square is maintained in cooperation with the New York City Parks and Recreation Department, which collects trash and locks and unlocks the gates.
Annual Conservancy events include a spring tulip display, Tulip Celebration (a member appreciation cocktail party), a carved Pumpkin Patch on Halloween night and a winter holiday decoration and light display.

Answer: exempt


Question: How much public funding does the abingdon square conservancy receive for this park?

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Abingdon Square Conservancy is a non-profit public charity exempt from federal income tax under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code.  The Conservancy's mission is to enhance and maintain the Square as a scenic and historic landmark.  The Conservancy is solely dependent on private donations for its operations and receives no public funding.
The Conservancy employs a horticulturalist to design and maintain plantings, provide gardening services, liaise with the City, and supervise maintenance in the park.  A groundskeeper is employed to keep the Square clean.  The Square is maintained in cooperation with the New York City Parks and Recreation Department, which collects trash and locks and unlocks the gates.
Annual Conservancy events include a spring tulip display, Tulip Celebration (a member appreciation cocktail party), a carved Pumpkin Patch on Halloween night and a winter holiday decoration and light display.

Answer: no public funding


Question: What do the m11 and m14a bus lines do at this park?

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The M11 and M14A bus lines terminate at Abingdon Square.

Answer: terminate


Question: What form of public transportation terminates at this park?

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The M11 and M14A bus lines terminate at Abingdon Square.

Answer: bus


Question: What form of public transport terminates at this park?

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The M11 and M14A bus lines terminate at Abingdon Square.

Answer: bus


Question: Besides the m11, what bus line terminates at this park?

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The M11 and M14A bus lines terminate at Abingdon Square.

Answer: m14a


Question: The m11 and m14a bus lines provide what service to this park?

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The M11 and M14A bus lines terminate at Abingdon Square.

Answer: transportation


Question: In what city is this mosque located?

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The Abu al-Abbas al-Mursi Mosque (Arabic: جامع أبو العباس المرسي) is an Egyptian mosque in the city of Alexandria. It is dedicated to the 13th century Murcian Andalusi Sufi saint Abul Abbas al-Mursi, whose tomb it contains.
It is located in the Anfoushi neighborhood of Alexandria, near the Citadel of Qaitbay.

Answer: alexandria


Question: How was the battersea bridge by the time this bridge opened?

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Albert Bridge was catastrophically unsuccessful financially. By the time the new bridge opened, the Albert Bridge Company had been paying compensation to the Battersea Bridge Company for nine years, and on completion of the new bridge became liable for the costs of repairing the by then dilapidated and dangerous structure. The cost of subsidising Battersea Bridge drained funds intended for the building of wide approach roads, making the bridge difficult to reach. It was located slightly further from central London than neighbouring Victoria (Chelsea) Bridge, and demand for the new bridge was less than expected. In the first nine months of its operation £2,085 (about £206,000 in 2022) were taken in tolls.
In 1877 the Metropolis Toll Bridges Act was passed, which allowed the Metropolitan Board of Works to buy all London bridges between Hammersmith and Waterloo bridges and free them from tolls. In 1879, Albert Bridge, which had cost £200,000 to build, was bought by the Board of Works along with Battersea Bridge for a combined price of £170,000 (about £18.4 million in 2022). The tolls were removed from both bridges on 24 May 1879, but the octagonal tollbooths were left in place, and today are the only surviving bridge tollbooths in London.

Answer: dilapidated and dangerous


Question: What were the iron rods on this bridge replaced with?

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In 1884 the Board of Works' Chief Engineer Sir Joseph Bazalgette conducted an inspection of the bridge and found that the iron rods were already showing serious signs of corrosion. Over the next three years the staying rods were augmented with steel chains, giving it an appearance more closely resembling a conventional suspension bridge, and a new timber deck was laid, at a total cost of £25,000 (about £2.77 million in 2022). Despite these improvements, Bazalgette was still concerned about its structural integrity and a weight limit of five tons was imposed on vehicles using the bridge.
With a roadway only 27 feet (8.2 m) wide and subject to weight restrictions from early on, Albert Bridge was ill-suited to the advent of motorised transport in the 20th century. In 1926 the Royal Commission on Cross-River Traffic recommended demolition and rebuilding of the bridge to carry four lanes of traffic, but the plan was not carried out because of a shortage of funds in the Great Depression. It continued to deteriorate, and in 1935 the weight limit was reduced to two tons.
Because of its ongoing structural weaknesses, in 1957 the London County Council proposed replacing Albert Bridge with a more conventional design. A protest campaign led by John Betjeman resulted in the withdrawal of the proposal, but serious concerns about the integrity of the bridge continued. In 1964 an experimental tidal flow scheme was introduced, in which only northbound traffic was permitted to use the bridge in the mornings and southbound traffic in the evenings. The bridge's condition continued to deteriorate, however, and in 1970 the Greater London Council (GLC) sought and obtained consent to carry out strengthening work. In April 1972 the bridge was closed for the work to be carried out.

Answer: steel chains


Question: What is this castle called in dutch?

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Ammersoyen Castle (Dutch: Kasteel Ammersoyen) is located in Ammerzoden in the Bommelerwaard region in the province of Gelderland, the Netherlands. When the original construction of the castle occurred is unclear; some sources claim it was as early as the 12th century. However, the consensus among historians is that the Van Herlaer family completed the castle in the 1350s. At the time of its construction, the castle was built along a branch of the river Maas. Just a few years after the construction of the castle was completed, the river was rerouted leaving the castle to be surrounded by a moat.

Answer: kasteel ammersoyen


Question: In what century was this castle built?

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The earliest mention of Ammerzoden, or Ambersoi as it was once known, was in the 11th century. Given that the village was built on a river with very arable lands, it was most likely just a small farming community with little importance until the creation of the castle in the 14th century. Today, the village is home to approximately 4000 people, and since 1999 has been part of the municipality of Maasdriel. Prior to 1999, Ammerzoden was its own municipality.

Answer: 14th


Question: What is the name of the village where this castle is located?

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The earliest mention of Ammerzoden, or Ambersoi as it was once known, was in the 11th century. Given that the village was built on a river with very arable lands, it was most likely just a small farming community with little importance until the creation of the castle in the 14th century. Today, the village is home to approximately 4000 people, and since 1999 has been part of the municipality of Maasdriel. Prior to 1999, Ammerzoden was its own municipality.

Answer: ammerzoden


Question: In what part of the 17th century did major renovations of this castle begin?

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Due to a shortage of money, the Van Arkels were not able to rebuild the castle until the 17th century. This fire took place during the 80 years war and caused the family to have very uncertain feelings about its economic future. Therefore, it was not until the end of the 80 years war in the middle of the 17th century that large-scale renovations would start on the castle.

Answer: middle


Question: What size were the rooms in the original this castle?

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Once the Van Arkels regained enough wealth to rebuild the castle the original architecture had become obsolete. As a result, the family made severe changes to the original layout of the castle. They restored the outside to essentially the same design as the original, but changed they inside considerably. Given how much architectural styles had changed since the castle was founded, is very surprising that the then lord, Thomas Walraven Van Arkel, chose to restore the outside with traditional medieval style. Given the changes in architectural styles, the interior of the castle was transformed to a much more comfortable living space. The original Castle had traditional, large rooms with high ceilings. Among these large rooms was the large knights hall. These sorts of rooms were very common in medieval castles. When the Van Arkels repaired the castle they got rid of the grand hall, elected to have numerous, smaller rooms instead.
In general, the renovations of the castle reduced the size of the rooms and made them shorter. Numerous fireplaces and other more modern amenities were included in the restorations. One of the few changes to the exterior of the castle was adding more windows. Because the original Castle was built primarily for defense, there were not many windows as they made the fortress more vulnerable during attacks.

Answer: large


Question: What is the name of the image depicting the layout of this railway station?

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Amsterdam Centraal has 15 tracks, 11 of which are alongside a platform: four island platforms with tracks along the full length on both sides (tracks 4/5, 7/8, 10/11, 13/14); one side platform with one track along the full length (track 15); and one bay platform with two tracks (tracks 1/2). Platforms 2-15 have an A-side (to the west) and a B-side (to the east). This means that there are 21 places where a train can be positioned for passenger access, with scissors crossings in the middle enabling trains to pass each other. Track 1 terminates short of the western end of the station building, which fronts track 2. Tracks 3, 6, 9, and 12 have no platform.
Diagram (platforms are yellow, tunnels are grey, north is up):

Answer: diagram


Question: The tapestries of this cathedral are one of the most important single collections in what continent?

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The cathedral has a particularly fine collection of medieval tapestries. The oldest group, which depicts the Apocalypse and Acts of Revelation,  was donated to the Cathedral by René of Anjou in 1480. It is now displayed at the Château d'Angers.  The other ninety tapestries in the collection were made in Flanders and France from the 15th to the 18th century, and were gathered together in the Cathedral in the second part of the 19th century, and are one of the most important single collections in Europe. In the past they were displayed only for certain religious holidays. Now they are hung as a group only during the festivals of Saint John and Saint Maurice, with the others only displayed individually according to the liturgical calendar.

Answer: europe


Question: What did lord fairhaven do to the tapestry depicting this building and the fairhaven coat-of-arms?

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In addition to its Grade I listing, the house is also notable for its contents. Lord Fairhaven's collection includes furniture, paintings and sculptures, clocks, tapestries, books, and objets d'art and, according to the author of a guide to Anglesey Abbey, expresses "an eclectic taste and refreshing disregard for fashion".
Rooms open to the public include: the living room that originally formed the chapter house of the priory and dates from the 13th century; the "oak room" with its oak panelling and plaster ceiling copied from that of the Reindeer Inn at Banbury; the dining room formed from the monks' day room; the tapestry hall; the service wing; the library, where various royal visitors have engraved their names on a window; several first floor bedrooms; and the two-storey picture gallery.
Furniture includes an Italian Renaissance refectory table in the dining room, chairs embroidered by Lord Fairhaven's mother in the living room, a white japanned Chippendale dressing table that once belonged to actor David Garrick in one of the bedrooms, and bookshelves made from the piles of John Rennie's Waterloo Bridge in the library. The tapestry collection includes, as well as seventeenth century works, one commissioned by Lord Fairhaven from the Cambridge Tapestry Company depicting Anglesey Abbey and the Fairhaven coat-of-arms. There are a large number of clocks in the house with pride of place going to a four-tier pagoda shaped clock in the living room.
The art collection at Anglesey Abbey reflects Lord Fairhaven's taste for British painting of the nineteenth century and earlier, with a particular fondness for views of Windsor Castle, landscapes, animal and bird paintings, and nudes by William Etty. The twentieth century is represented by paintings by Alfred Munnings, including a picture of a drum horse of the 1st Life Guards (Lord Fairhaven's old regiment), and a portrait by Oswald Birley of Lord Fairhaven in the ceremonial uniform of his regiment. There are paintings by John Constable, Thomas Gainsborough (a rare seascape), Richard Parkes Bonington, Edwin Landseer and the Pether family as well as a series of Tudor portrait panels. Lord Fairhaven collected over 750 paintings, prints and drawings of Windsor Castle. His interest in the castle dates from his youth when his parents had a country house near Windsor, and from when he was later stationed at the castle with his regiment. The Windsor collection was catalogued by art historian Cyril Bunt in 1949. Although most of the paintings in Anglesey Abbey are by British artists, foreign artists are represented in the Windsor collection and there are also flower pieces by Ambrosius Bosschaert and Jean-Baptiste de Fontenay, as well as three paintings by Claude Lorrain. Sculpture in the collection includes 18th century marble horses, a 15th-century continental wooden figure of St Jerome, a bronze bull by Antoine-Louis Barye, a collection of bronzes by R. Tait McKenzie, Frederic Leighton, Alfred Gilbert and others, and a silver Shield of Achilles by John Flaxman.
The library at Anglesey Abbey contains nearly 5200 books, mostly ordinary reading books in fine bindings with about a thousand collector's books.

Answer: commissioned


Question: What did this building do in the National Trust's 2020 interim report on the connections between colonialism and properties now in the care of the National Trust, including links with historic slavery?

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Anglesey Abbey, officially known as Anglesey Abbey, Gardens and Lode Mill, was until 2020 open to the public all year round. There is an admission charge, with National Trust members having free entry. In 2018/19 there were 382,235 visitors to Anglesey Abbey, making it the eleventh most visited National Trust property open at a charge. In 1978 the mill was restored to working order by the Cambridgeshire Wind and Watermill Society and flour can be bought in the mill or the shop. A new visitor centre with a restaurant and shop was opened in 2008. Seasonal attractions include the winter lights festival, snowdrop walks and summer outdoor cinema.
In March 2020 the property was closed to visitors due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with the gardens and park re-opening in June 2020.
Anglesey Abbey featured in the National Trust's 2020 Interim Report on the Connections between Colonialism and Properties now in the Care of the National Trust, Including Links with Historic Slavery since Samuel Shepheard, who bought the property in 1739 but did not live there or make any additions to it, had been one of the 24 directors of the East India Company from 1717 to 1721.

Answer: featured


Question: On what date in 2017 did the cambridge independent report that the summer house at this building was available to rent?

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Salzman, L. F., ed. (1948). "Houses of Augustinian canons: Priory of Anglesey". A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely: Volume 2. London. pp. 229–234. Retrieved 28 February 2020 – via British History Online.
"Madingley". An Inventory of the Historical Monuments in the County of Cambridgeshire, Volume 1, West Cambridgshire. London. 1968. pp. 176–188. Retrieved 28 February 2020 – via British History Online.
Historic England. "Anglesey Abbey, Lode (1000611)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
Fedden, Robin (1980). Anglesey Abbey: A Guide. National Trust.
Wareham, A. F.; Wright, A. P. M. (2002). "Bottisham: Manors and other estates". A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely: Volume 10, Cheveley, Flendish, Staine and Staploe Hundreds (North-Eastern Cambridgeshire). London. pp. 196–205. Retrieved 2 March 2020 – via British History Online..
"Catalogue description of Will of Thomas Parker of Anglesey Abbey". National Archives. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
"Anglesey Abbey by the Reverend John Hailstone". National Trust Collections. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
Purcell, Mark; Pearson, David; Hale, William (2013). Treasures from Lord Fairhaven's Library at Anglesey Abbey. Scala. ISBN 978-1-85759-826-1.
"£2 m. Estate of Lord Fairhaven". The Times. 12 September 1966. p. 12.
Bunt, Cyril (1949). Windsor Castle through three centuries: a description and catalogue of the Windsor collection formed by the Lord Fairhaven. Leigh-on-Sea: Lewis. OCLC 64175952.
Thomas, Graham Stuart (2003). Recollections of Great Gardeners. London: Frances Lincoln. p. 91.
Roper, Lanning (1964). The Gardens of Anglesey Abbey. Cambridgeshire: Faber and Faber.
Waterson, Merlin (1994). The National Trust: the first hundred years. The National Trust. p. 136.
Todd, R. (2008). "Planting for winter interest". Gardening Secrets from National Trust Head Gardeners. London: National Trust Books. p. 41. ISBN 978-1-905400-35-5.
"Queen's Birthday Honours: Straw Bear Festival founder recognised". BBC News. 15 June 2013. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
Todd, R. (2008). "Making Compost". Gardening Secrets from National Trust Head Gardeners. London: National Trust Books. p. 93. ISBN 978-1-905400-35-5..
"Available to rent: The Summer House at Anglesey Abbey". Cambridge Independent. 3 March 2017. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
National Trust annual report 2018/19, p76
"Anglesey Abbey, Gardens and Lode Mill". National Trust. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
"Parkland at Cambridgeshire's Wimpole Hall and Anglesey Abbey to reopen". Cambridge Independent. 29 May 2020.
Interim Report on the Connections between Colonialism and Properties now in the Care of the National Trust, Including Links with Historic Slavery

Answer: 3 march


Question: What year was this park named angrignon park?

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Angrignon Park (French: Parc Angrignon) is an urban park in the Le Sud-Ouest borough Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Angrignon Park has a total area of 97 hectares. It includes a 1.1km long lake. It is considered by the City of Montreal as one of its large parks.
The park is named for Jean-Baptiste Angrignon (1875–1948), an alderman in Côte Saint-Paul from 1921 to 1934. Before 1927, the area was named Crawford Park.
The park was inspired by the design of 19th-century English gardens. The park contains 20,000 trees, winding paths and a pond surrounded by cattails.
The park is located just south of Ville-Émard, east of Carrefour Angrignon, which is also named after Jean-Baptiste Angrignon, and west of Verdun.
The park was once home to a small farm.
Angrignon station – the western terminus of the Montreal metro Green Line – is at the northern corner of the park.
On December 7, 2020, the City of Montreal announced a plan to create a green corridor between the park and Bois-de-Saraguay Nature Park. The plans included a walking path, a bicycle link, and landscaping.

Answer: 1927


Question: What is the origin of the name of this river?

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The Argens ([aʁʒɑ̃(s)]; Occitan: Argens) is a 116 km long river of the French Riviera. Its 2,734 km² (1,056 sq mi) drainage basin is fully included in the Var department.
The river goes through Vidauban, Le Muy, Roquebrune-sur-Argens, Fréjus, then it flows into the Mediterranean Sea, near Fréjus.

Answer: occitan


Question: How long is this river in kilometers?

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The Argens ([aʁʒɑ̃(s)]; Occitan: Argens) is a 116 km long river of the French Riviera. Its 2,734 km² (1,056 sq mi) drainage basin is fully included in the Var department.
The river goes through Vidauban, Le Muy, Roquebrune-sur-Argens, Fréjus, then it flows into the Mediterranean Sea, near Fréjus.

Answer: 116


Question: What type of body of water is this river?

Instruction: Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:

The Argens ([aʁʒɑ̃(s)]; Occitan: Argens) is a 116 km long river of the French Riviera. Its 2,734 km² (1,056 sq mi) drainage basin is fully included in the Var department.
The river goes through Vidauban, Le Muy, Roquebrune-sur-Argens, Fréjus, then it flows into the Mediterranean Sea, near Fréjus.

Answer: river


Question: What is the occitan name for this river?

Instruction: Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:

The Argens ([aʁʒɑ̃(s)]; Occitan: Argens) is a 116 km long river of the French Riviera. Its 2,734 km² (1,056 sq mi) drainage basin is fully included in the Var department.
The river goes through Vidauban, Le Muy, Roquebrune-sur-Argens, Fréjus, then it flows into the Mediterranean Sea, near Fréjus.

Answer: argens


Question: Along with vidauban and le muy, where does this river pass?

Instruction: Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:

The Argens ([aʁʒɑ̃(s)]; Occitan: Argens) is a 116 km long river of the French Riviera. Its 2,734 km² (1,056 sq mi) drainage basin is fully included in the Var department.
The river goes through Vidauban, Le Muy, Roquebrune-sur-Argens, Fréjus, then it flows into the Mediterranean Sea, near Fréjus.

Answer: roquebrune-sur-argens


Question: What is the original language of this river?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

The Argens ([aʁʒɑ̃(s)]; Occitan: Argens) is a 116 km long river of the French Riviera. Its 2,734 km² (1,056 sq mi) drainage basin is fully included in the Var department.
The river goes through Vidauban, Le Muy, Roquebrune-sur-Argens, Fréjus, then it flows into the Mediterranean Sea, near Fréjus.

Answer: occitan


Question: Near what city does this river enter the mediterranean?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

The Argens ([aʁʒɑ̃(s)]; Occitan: Argens) is a 116 km long river of the French Riviera. Its 2,734 km² (1,056 sq mi) drainage basin is fully included in the Var department.
The river goes through Vidauban, Le Muy, Roquebrune-sur-Argens, Fréjus, then it flows into the Mediterranean Sea, near Fréjus.

Answer: fréjus


Question: What is the this river's 2,734 km2?

Instruction: Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:

The Argens ([aʁʒɑ̃(s)]; Occitan: Argens) is a 116 km long river of the French Riviera. Its 2,734 km² (1,056 sq mi) drainage basin is fully included in the Var department.
The river goes through Vidauban, Le Muy, Roquebrune-sur-Argens, Fréjus, then it flows into the Mediterranean Sea, near Fréjus.

Answer: drainage basin


Question: Is this river short or long?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

The Argens ([aʁʒɑ̃(s)]; Occitan: Argens) is a 116 km long river of the French Riviera. Its 2,734 km² (1,056 sq mi) drainage basin is fully included in the Var department.
The river goes through Vidauban, Le Muy, Roquebrune-sur-Argens, Fréjus, then it flows into the Mediterranean Sea, near Fréjus.

Answer: long


Question: What type of basin does this river have?

Instruction: Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:

The Argens ([aʁʒɑ̃(s)]; Occitan: Argens) is a 116 km long river of the French Riviera. Its 2,734 km² (1,056 sq mi) drainage basin is fully included in the Var department.
The river goes through Vidauban, Le Muy, Roquebrune-sur-Argens, Fréjus, then it flows into the Mediterranean Sea, near Fréjus.

Answer: drainage


Question: What does this river do into the mediterranean sea?

Instruction: Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:

The Argens ([aʁʒɑ̃(s)]; Occitan: Argens) is a 116 km long river of the French Riviera. Its 2,734 km² (1,056 sq mi) drainage basin is fully included in the Var department.
The river goes through Vidauban, Le Muy, Roquebrune-sur-Argens, Fréjus, then it flows into the Mediterranean Sea, near Fréjus.

Answer: flows


Question: In what language is this river known?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

The Argens ([aʁʒɑ̃(s)]; Occitan: Argens) is a 116 km long river of the French Riviera. Its 2,734 km² (1,056 sq mi) drainage basin is fully included in the Var department.
The river goes through Vidauban, Le Muy, Roquebrune-sur-Argens, Fréjus, then it flows into the Mediterranean Sea, near Fréjus.

Answer: occitan


Question: Along with vidauban, roquebrune-sur-argens and frejus, what town does this river pass through?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

The Argens ([aʁʒɑ̃(s)]; Occitan: Argens) is a 116 km long river of the French Riviera. Its 2,734 km² (1,056 sq mi) drainage basin is fully included in the Var department.
The river goes through Vidauban, Le Muy, Roquebrune-sur-Argens, Fréjus, then it flows into the Mediterranean Sea, near Fréjus.

Answer: le muy


Question: How many square miles is the drainage basin of this river?

Instruction: Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:

The Argens ([aʁʒɑ̃(s)]; Occitan: Argens) is a 116 km long river of the French Riviera. Its 2,734 km² (1,056 sq mi) drainage basin is fully included in the Var department.
The river goes through Vidauban, Le Muy, Roquebrune-sur-Argens, Fréjus, then it flows into the Mediterranean Sea, near Fréjus.

Answer: 1,056


Question: What was this river called in the 1st century BC?

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The river is attested as ad flumen Argenteum in the 1st century BC, Argenteus in the 1st century AD, and A̓rgentíou (Ἀργεντίου) in the 2nd century. It derives from the Latin or Celtic word for 'silver'.

Answer: ad flumen argenteum


Question: Along with latin, from what language does this river derive its name?

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The river is attested as ad flumen Argenteum in the 1st century BC, Argenteus in the 1st century AD, and A̓rgentíou (Ἀργεντίου) in the 2nd century. It derives from the Latin or Celtic word for 'silver'.

Answer: celtic


Question: Along with the celtic language, from what language does the name of this river derive?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

The river is attested as ad flumen Argenteum in the 1st century BC, Argenteus in the 1st century AD, and A̓rgentíou (Ἀργεντίου) in the 2nd century. It derives from the Latin or Celtic word for 'silver'.

Answer: latin


Question: From what language does the name of this river derive?

Instruction: Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:

The river is attested as ad flumen Argenteum in the 1st century BC, Argenteus in the 1st century AD, and A̓rgentíou (Ἀργεντίου) in the 2nd century. It derives from the Latin or Celtic word for 'silver'.

Answer: latin or celtic


Question: Is the name of this river attested or unattested?

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The river is attested as ad flumen Argenteum in the 1st century BC, Argenteus in the 1st century AD, and A̓rgentíou (Ἀργεντίου) in the 2nd century. It derives from the Latin or Celtic word for 'silver'.

Answer: attested


Question: Along with latin, from what language does the name of this river derive?

Instruction: Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:

The river is attested as ad flumen Argenteum in the 1st century BC, Argenteus in the 1st century AD, and A̓rgentíou (Ἀργεντίου) in the 2nd century. It derives from the Latin or Celtic word for 'silver'.

Answer: celtic


Question: Along with the celtic, from what language does the name of this river derive?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

The river is attested as ad flumen Argenteum in the 1st century BC, Argenteus in the 1st century AD, and A̓rgentíou (Ἀργεντίου) in the 2nd century. It derives from the Latin or Celtic word for 'silver'.

Answer: latin


Question: What language does the name of this river come from?

Instruction: Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:

The river is attested as ad flumen Argenteum in the 1st century BC, Argenteus in the 1st century AD, and A̓rgentíou (Ἀργεντίου) in the 2nd century. It derives from the Latin or Celtic word for 'silver'.

Answer: latin or celtic


Question: Along with the celtic, from what language does this river derive its name?

Instruction: Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:

The river is attested as ad flumen Argenteum in the 1st century BC, Argenteus in the 1st century AD, and A̓rgentíou (Ἀργεντίου) in the 2nd century. It derives from the Latin or Celtic word for 'silver'.

Answer: latin


Question: Along with the celtic language, from what language does this river derive its name?

Instruction: Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:

The river is attested as ad flumen Argenteum in the 1st century BC, Argenteus in the 1st century AD, and A̓rgentíou (Ἀργεντίου) in the 2nd century. It derives from the Latin or Celtic word for 'silver'.

Answer: latin


Question: What town does this town start after?

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Bávaro starts at a crossroad Verón, after the town of Higüey and the small village of Otra Banda, and extends 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north until the crossroad for Macao Beach. Other beaches to the North include Uvero Alto beach, Roco Ki beach, La Vacama beach. Bavaro has 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) of sea shore.
At the center of Bávaro is the crossroad of Friusa. Beyond the crossroad Verón, on the right side is an important road to Cabeza de Toro, most eastern tip of the island of Hispaniola, and the Dominican Republic as well. The next crossroad, El Coco Loco, leads to the Friusa Centar and further points to the north.

Answer: higüey


Question: How long is the seashore of this town?

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Bávaro starts at a crossroad Verón, after the town of Higüey and the small village of Otra Banda, and extends 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north until the crossroad for Macao Beach. Other beaches to the North include Uvero Alto beach, Roco Ki beach, La Vacama beach. Bavaro has 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) of sea shore.
At the center of Bávaro is the crossroad of Friusa. Beyond the crossroad Verón, on the right side is an important road to Cabeza de Toro, most eastern tip of the island of Hispaniola, and the Dominican Republic as well. The next crossroad, El Coco Loco, leads to the Friusa Centar and further points to the north.

Answer: 10 kilometres


Question: Where is the crossroad of friusa located in this city?

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Bávaro starts at a crossroad Verón, after the town of Higüey and the small village of Otra Banda, and extends 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north until the crossroad for Macao Beach. Other beaches to the North include Uvero Alto beach, Roco Ki beach, La Vacama beach. Bavaro has 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) of sea shore.
At the center of Bávaro is the crossroad of Friusa. Beyond the crossroad Verón, on the right side is an important road to Cabeza de Toro, most eastern tip of the island of Hispaniola, and the Dominican Republic as well. The next crossroad, El Coco Loco, leads to the Friusa Centar and further points to the north.

Answer: the center


Question: What does this beach do for 15 km north until macao beach?

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Bávaro starts at a crossroad Verón, after the town of Higüey and the small village of Otra Banda, and extends 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north until the crossroad for Macao Beach. Other beaches to the North include Uvero Alto beach, Roco Ki beach, La Vacama beach. Bavaro has 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) of sea shore.
At the center of Bávaro is the crossroad of Friusa. Beyond the crossroad Verón, on the right side is an important road to Cabeza de Toro, most eastern tip of the island of Hispaniola, and the Dominican Republic as well. The next crossroad, El Coco Loco, leads to the Friusa Centar and further points to the north.

Answer: extends


Question: Who powers the electricity of this city?

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The electricity is powered by Consorcio Energetico Punta Cana Macao (CEPM), a wind and solar energy producer led by US-based Argentine businessman Rolando Gonzalez-Bunster.

Answer: consorcio energetico punta cana macao


Question: Besides los corales and cocotal, what is a good example of a tourist area in this town?

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Tourism in Bávaro has been developing at a rapid pace. The best examples are Los Corales, Cocotal and El Cortecito, among other options. All are just minutes away from the Punta Cana International Airport, where most visitors fly in.

Answer: el cortecito


Question: Besides el cortecito, what are two other examples of tourist destinations in this city?

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Tourism in Bávaro has been developing at a rapid pace. The best examples are Los Corales, Cocotal and El Cortecito, among other options. All are just minutes away from the Punta Cana International Airport, where most visitors fly in.

Answer: los corales, cocotal


Question: What is the name of the golf course in this city?

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The next crossroad, Plaza Bavaro, is full of gift shops, and can take you to discothèque Mangu and Areito, as well as to the White Sands golf course.
Office of Politur (Turistic Policia or Tourist Police) is next to the bus station, close to Friusa. On the part of the road from Plaza Bavaro to Friusa, there are hospitals and shopping malls with bars and restaurants. Bavaro ends at the crossroad to Macao Beach, where the Hotel RIU is located.

Answer: white sands


Question: The bach statue in front of this building was the first to show the composer figuratively in the form of what?

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The Bach statue in front of the Bach House was the second monument for Johann Sebastian Bach. It was the first to show the composer figuratively in the form of a full statue. It was sculpted by Adolf von Donndorf and cast by Hermann Heinrich Howaldt in Brunswick, Germany. The monument was commissioned in 1878 by the Denkmal-Committee (monument committee) founded by culture loving citizens of Eisenach, among them the city's cantor Carl Müller-Hartung and the writer Fritz Reuter. Clara Schumann, Hans von Bülow, Joseph Joachim and Franz Liszt helped raise the monies by giving beneficial concerts, and the project was also supported by Johannes Brahms. It was unveiled on 28 September 1884 after a concert of Bach's Mass in B minor conducted by Joseph Joachim in St. George's Church. Its first location was on the market place in front of the portal of St. George's. The monument was moved to its present location in front of the Bach House when the Frauenplan was redecorated in 1938. The composer is shown standing, holding a feather quill in his right hand, and leaning with his left on a stack of sheet music carried by an angel. The monument's base was substantially shortened when it was moved. A relief plate depicting Saint Cecilia, the patron of church music, which was originally attached to the base, can now be seen on the stone wall behind the monument.

Answer: a full statue


Question: Which direction from this castle was boturich located?

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In 1830, Buchanan purchased the adjacent estate of Boturich, including a ruined castle 1 mile (1.6 km) north of Balloch Castle. He again engaged Robert Lugar to rebuild the castle, which he then occupied, selling Balloch. The latter passed through several owners in the 19th century, including Mr Gibson Stott, who made further improvements to the parks, and the Denniston-Brown family. The estate, comprising 815 acres (330 ha), was purchased in 1915 by the Corporation of the City of Glasgow, the predecessor of the current city council, to provide publicly accessible open space. Although still owned by Glasgow City Council, the park and house have been leased to Dunbarton District Council, and its successor West Dunbartonshire Council, since 1975. It was registered as a country park in 1980. The house has been a category A listed building since 1971.
The house has periodically been used to provide visitor facilities and offices, with past occupants including the Nature Conservancy Council and the local Countryside Ranger Service. By 2008 the building was in poor condition, and was added to the Buildings at Risk Register for Scotland. In January 2014, an application for listed building consent was lodged, to permit repairs to the now-disused structure. In February 2014 West Dunbartonshire Council announced a programme of repairs to preserve the building.

Answer: north