Question: What does the thin fruit pulp of this plant offer relatively few of?

Instruction: Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:

Edaphic factors
Most of the Canterbury plains consist of dry shallow soils, very vulnerable to drought during the summer months. These include shallow Waimakariri land and also rocky and shallow Chertsey, Lismore, and Eyre soils. However, there are a number of strong native plants that have adapted to these conditions and the community plays an important role in conditioning the soil. This process creates a friendlier environment for less strong native species and eventually giant podocarp like Korokia. The seasonal climate makes dry and windy summer, cold, and humid winter. Land generally has low natural fertility. Also, various habitats in hilly areas, steep cliffs along incised rivers, and old river terraces.
Predators, parasites and diseases
Korokia can be a food source on the site in terms of fruit trees, flowering, and nurseries. The thickness of leaf litter is also a factor for lizards who like to eat insects. Corone cotoneaster fruit is usually removed at the latest, with many plants producing large numbers of ripe fruit in late fall. Fruits have large, hard endocarp-covered seeds that are covered by a very thin fruit pulp, which offers relatively few gifts for frugivores. However, fruits (especially cotoneaster in mid-Canterbury) are abundant in the diets of many extinct herbivorous moa species. Hard endocarp seeds are common in species that are known to have been eaten by moa (e.g. Cyathodes, Leucopogon, Myrsine, and Corokia), so it is possible (though not tested) that slow cotoneaster release is the result of moa extinction. This plant has problems with very few pests. Berries are favored by birds so protection may be needed in the fall. The only other damage suffered by Corokia caused by crickets. These insects lay eggs in the branches of this plant so to do this they cut the clump with a triangle mark into the bark. You can find a lot of this damage towards the end of the summer especially if you live in or near the bush. Although this is not fatal to this plant, it weakens the branches and creates unsightly scars.

Answer: gifts for frugivores


Question: What does the thin fruit pulp of this plant offer relatively few of?

Instruction: Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:

Edaphic factors
Most of the Canterbury plains consist of dry shallow soils, very vulnerable to drought during the summer months. These include shallow Waimakariri land and also rocky and shallow Chertsey, Lismore, and Eyre soils. However, there are a number of strong native plants that have adapted to these conditions and the community plays an important role in conditioning the soil. This process creates a friendlier environment for less strong native species and eventually giant podocarp like Korokia. The seasonal climate makes dry and windy summer, cold, and humid winter. Land generally has low natural fertility. Also, various habitats in hilly areas, steep cliffs along incised rivers, and old river terraces.
Predators, parasites and diseases
Korokia can be a food source on the site in terms of fruit trees, flowering, and nurseries. The thickness of leaf litter is also a factor for lizards who like to eat insects. Corone cotoneaster fruit is usually removed at the latest, with many plants producing large numbers of ripe fruit in late fall. Fruits have large, hard endocarp-covered seeds that are covered by a very thin fruit pulp, which offers relatively few gifts for frugivores. However, fruits (especially cotoneaster in mid-Canterbury) are abundant in the diets of many extinct herbivorous moa species. Hard endocarp seeds are common in species that are known to have been eaten by moa (e.g. Cyathodes, Leucopogon, Myrsine, and Corokia), so it is possible (though not tested) that slow cotoneaster release is the result of moa extinction. This plant has problems with very few pests. Berries are favored by birds so protection may be needed in the fall. The only other damage suffered by Corokia caused by crickets. These insects lay eggs in the branches of this plant so to do this they cut the clump with a triangle mark into the bark. You can find a lot of this damage towards the end of the summer especially if you live in or near the bush. Although this is not fatal to this plant, it weakens the branches and creates unsightly scars.

Answer: gifts for frugivores


Question: What does the thin fruit pulp of this plant offer relatively few of?

Instruction: Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:

Edaphic factors
Most of the Canterbury plains consist of dry shallow soils, very vulnerable to drought during the summer months. These include shallow Waimakariri land and also rocky and shallow Chertsey, Lismore, and Eyre soils. However, there are a number of strong native plants that have adapted to these conditions and the community plays an important role in conditioning the soil. This process creates a friendlier environment for less strong native species and eventually giant podocarp like Korokia. The seasonal climate makes dry and windy summer, cold, and humid winter. Land generally has low natural fertility. Also, various habitats in hilly areas, steep cliffs along incised rivers, and old river terraces.
Predators, parasites and diseases
Korokia can be a food source on the site in terms of fruit trees, flowering, and nurseries. The thickness of leaf litter is also a factor for lizards who like to eat insects. Corone cotoneaster fruit is usually removed at the latest, with many plants producing large numbers of ripe fruit in late fall. Fruits have large, hard endocarp-covered seeds that are covered by a very thin fruit pulp, which offers relatively few gifts for frugivores. However, fruits (especially cotoneaster in mid-Canterbury) are abundant in the diets of many extinct herbivorous moa species. Hard endocarp seeds are common in species that are known to have been eaten by moa (e.g. Cyathodes, Leucopogon, Myrsine, and Corokia), so it is possible (though not tested) that slow cotoneaster release is the result of moa extinction. This plant has problems with very few pests. Berries are favored by birds so protection may be needed in the fall. The only other damage suffered by Corokia caused by crickets. These insects lay eggs in the branches of this plant so to do this they cut the clump with a triangle mark into the bark. You can find a lot of this damage towards the end of the summer especially if you live in or near the bush. Although this is not fatal to this plant, it weakens the branches and creates unsightly scars.

Answer: gifts for frugivores


Question: What does the thin fruit pulp of this plant offer relatively few of?

Instruction: Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:

Edaphic factors
Most of the Canterbury plains consist of dry shallow soils, very vulnerable to drought during the summer months. These include shallow Waimakariri land and also rocky and shallow Chertsey, Lismore, and Eyre soils. However, there are a number of strong native plants that have adapted to these conditions and the community plays an important role in conditioning the soil. This process creates a friendlier environment for less strong native species and eventually giant podocarp like Korokia. The seasonal climate makes dry and windy summer, cold, and humid winter. Land generally has low natural fertility. Also, various habitats in hilly areas, steep cliffs along incised rivers, and old river terraces.
Predators, parasites and diseases
Korokia can be a food source on the site in terms of fruit trees, flowering, and nurseries. The thickness of leaf litter is also a factor for lizards who like to eat insects. Corone cotoneaster fruit is usually removed at the latest, with many plants producing large numbers of ripe fruit in late fall. Fruits have large, hard endocarp-covered seeds that are covered by a very thin fruit pulp, which offers relatively few gifts for frugivores. However, fruits (especially cotoneaster in mid-Canterbury) are abundant in the diets of many extinct herbivorous moa species. Hard endocarp seeds are common in species that are known to have been eaten by moa (e.g. Cyathodes, Leucopogon, Myrsine, and Corokia), so it is possible (though not tested) that slow cotoneaster release is the result of moa extinction. This plant has problems with very few pests. Berries are favored by birds so protection may be needed in the fall. The only other damage suffered by Corokia caused by crickets. These insects lay eggs in the branches of this plant so to do this they cut the clump with a triangle mark into the bark. You can find a lot of this damage towards the end of the summer especially if you live in or near the bush. Although this is not fatal to this plant, it weakens the branches and creates unsightly scars.

Answer: gifts for frugivores


Question: Where does this bird appear on the shoulder of the dying c ⁇  chulainn?

Instruction: Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:

In Irish folklore, the bird appears on the shoulder of the dying Cú Chulainn, and could also be a manifestation of the Morrígan, the wife of Tethra, or the Cailleach. This idea has persisted, and the hooded crow is associated with fairies in the Scottish highlands and Ireland; in the 18th century, Scottish shepherds would make offerings to them to keep them from attacking sheep. In Faroese folklore, a maiden would go out on Candlemas morn and throw a stone, then a bone, then a clump of turf at a hooded crow – if it flew over the sea, her husband would be a foreigner; if it landed on a farm or house, she would marry a man from there, but if it stayed put, she would remain unmarried.
The old name of Royston crow originates from the days when this bird was a common winter visitor to southern England, with the sheep fields around Royston, Hertfordshire providing carcasses on which the birds could feed. The local newspaper, founded in 1855, is called The Royston Crow, and the hooded crow also features on the town's coat of arms.
The hooded crow is one of the 37 Norwegian birds depicted in the Bird Room of the Royal Palace in Oslo. Jethro Tull mentions the hooded crow on the song "Jack Frost and the hooded crow" as a bonus track on the digitally remastered version of Broadsword and the Beast and on their The Christmas Album.
In January 2014, a hooded crow and a yellow-legged gull each attacked one of two peace doves which Pope Francis had allowed children to release in Vatican City.

Answer: irish folklore


Question: Where does this bird appear on the shoulder of the dying c ⁇  chulainn?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

In Irish folklore, the bird appears on the shoulder of the dying Cú Chulainn, and could also be a manifestation of the Morrígan, the wife of Tethra, or the Cailleach. This idea has persisted, and the hooded crow is associated with fairies in the Scottish highlands and Ireland; in the 18th century, Scottish shepherds would make offerings to them to keep them from attacking sheep. In Faroese folklore, a maiden would go out on Candlemas morn and throw a stone, then a bone, then a clump of turf at a hooded crow – if it flew over the sea, her husband would be a foreigner; if it landed on a farm or house, she would marry a man from there, but if it stayed put, she would remain unmarried.
The old name of Royston crow originates from the days when this bird was a common winter visitor to southern England, with the sheep fields around Royston, Hertfordshire providing carcasses on which the birds could feed. The local newspaper, founded in 1855, is called The Royston Crow, and the hooded crow also features on the town's coat of arms.
The hooded crow is one of the 37 Norwegian birds depicted in the Bird Room of the Royal Palace in Oslo. Jethro Tull mentions the hooded crow on the song "Jack Frost and the hooded crow" as a bonus track on the digitally remastered version of Broadsword and the Beast and on their The Christmas Album.
In January 2014, a hooded crow and a yellow-legged gull each attacked one of two peace doves which Pope Francis had allowed children to release in Vatican City.

Answer: irish folklore


Question: Where does this bird appear on the shoulder of the dying c ⁇  chulainn?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

In Irish folklore, the bird appears on the shoulder of the dying Cú Chulainn, and could also be a manifestation of the Morrígan, the wife of Tethra, or the Cailleach. This idea has persisted, and the hooded crow is associated with fairies in the Scottish highlands and Ireland; in the 18th century, Scottish shepherds would make offerings to them to keep them from attacking sheep. In Faroese folklore, a maiden would go out on Candlemas morn and throw a stone, then a bone, then a clump of turf at a hooded crow – if it flew over the sea, her husband would be a foreigner; if it landed on a farm or house, she would marry a man from there, but if it stayed put, she would remain unmarried.
The old name of Royston crow originates from the days when this bird was a common winter visitor to southern England, with the sheep fields around Royston, Hertfordshire providing carcasses on which the birds could feed. The local newspaper, founded in 1855, is called The Royston Crow, and the hooded crow also features on the town's coat of arms.
The hooded crow is one of the 37 Norwegian birds depicted in the Bird Room of the Royal Palace in Oslo. Jethro Tull mentions the hooded crow on the song "Jack Frost and the hooded crow" as a bonus track on the digitally remastered version of Broadsword and the Beast and on their The Christmas Album.
In January 2014, a hooded crow and a yellow-legged gull each attacked one of two peace doves which Pope Francis had allowed children to release in Vatican City.

Answer: irish folklore


Question: Where does this bird appear on the shoulder of the dying c ⁇  chulainn?

Instruction: Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:

In Irish folklore, the bird appears on the shoulder of the dying Cú Chulainn, and could also be a manifestation of the Morrígan, the wife of Tethra, or the Cailleach. This idea has persisted, and the hooded crow is associated with fairies in the Scottish highlands and Ireland; in the 18th century, Scottish shepherds would make offerings to them to keep them from attacking sheep. In Faroese folklore, a maiden would go out on Candlemas morn and throw a stone, then a bone, then a clump of turf at a hooded crow – if it flew over the sea, her husband would be a foreigner; if it landed on a farm or house, she would marry a man from there, but if it stayed put, she would remain unmarried.
The old name of Royston crow originates from the days when this bird was a common winter visitor to southern England, with the sheep fields around Royston, Hertfordshire providing carcasses on which the birds could feed. The local newspaper, founded in 1855, is called The Royston Crow, and the hooded crow also features on the town's coat of arms.
The hooded crow is one of the 37 Norwegian birds depicted in the Bird Room of the Royal Palace in Oslo. Jethro Tull mentions the hooded crow on the song "Jack Frost and the hooded crow" as a bonus track on the digitally remastered version of Broadsword and the Beast and on their The Christmas Album.
In January 2014, a hooded crow and a yellow-legged gull each attacked one of two peace doves which Pope Francis had allowed children to release in Vatican City.

Answer: irish folklore


Question: Where does this bird appear on the shoulder of the dying c ⁇  chulainn?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

In Irish folklore, the bird appears on the shoulder of the dying Cú Chulainn, and could also be a manifestation of the Morrígan, the wife of Tethra, or the Cailleach. This idea has persisted, and the hooded crow is associated with fairies in the Scottish highlands and Ireland; in the 18th century, Scottish shepherds would make offerings to them to keep them from attacking sheep. In Faroese folklore, a maiden would go out on Candlemas morn and throw a stone, then a bone, then a clump of turf at a hooded crow – if it flew over the sea, her husband would be a foreigner; if it landed on a farm or house, she would marry a man from there, but if it stayed put, she would remain unmarried.
The old name of Royston crow originates from the days when this bird was a common winter visitor to southern England, with the sheep fields around Royston, Hertfordshire providing carcasses on which the birds could feed. The local newspaper, founded in 1855, is called The Royston Crow, and the hooded crow also features on the town's coat of arms.
The hooded crow is one of the 37 Norwegian birds depicted in the Bird Room of the Royal Palace in Oslo. Jethro Tull mentions the hooded crow on the song "Jack Frost and the hooded crow" as a bonus track on the digitally remastered version of Broadsword and the Beast and on their The Christmas Album.
In January 2014, a hooded crow and a yellow-legged gull each attacked one of two peace doves which Pope Francis had allowed children to release in Vatican City.

Answer: irish folklore


Question: What do these birds have?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

Gregarious at roosts with many thousands at some roost sites. Large flocks may be seen at dusk arriving at major roost sites. These roosts show no apparent reduction even during the breeding season, and this is because they do not breed during their first year. During the day pairs may be involved in defending their territory but at night they may roost in large groups. They have linear dominance hierarchies that are remembered based on individual recognition.

Answer: linear dominance hierarchies


Question: What do these birds have?

Instruction: Obtain documents that correspond to the inquiry alongside the provided image:

Gregarious at roosts with many thousands at some roost sites. Large flocks may be seen at dusk arriving at major roost sites. These roosts show no apparent reduction even during the breeding season, and this is because they do not breed during their first year. During the day pairs may be involved in defending their territory but at night they may roost in large groups. They have linear dominance hierarchies that are remembered based on individual recognition.

Answer: linear dominance hierarchies


Question: What do these birds have?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

Gregarious at roosts with many thousands at some roost sites. Large flocks may be seen at dusk arriving at major roost sites. These roosts show no apparent reduction even during the breeding season, and this is because they do not breed during their first year. During the day pairs may be involved in defending their territory but at night they may roost in large groups. They have linear dominance hierarchies that are remembered based on individual recognition.

Answer: linear dominance hierarchies


Question: What do these birds have?

Instruction: Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:

Gregarious at roosts with many thousands at some roost sites. Large flocks may be seen at dusk arriving at major roost sites. These roosts show no apparent reduction even during the breeding season, and this is because they do not breed during their first year. During the day pairs may be involved in defending their territory but at night they may roost in large groups. They have linear dominance hierarchies that are remembered based on individual recognition.

Answer: linear dominance hierarchies


Question: What do these birds have?

Instruction: Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:

Gregarious at roosts with many thousands at some roost sites. Large flocks may be seen at dusk arriving at major roost sites. These roosts show no apparent reduction even during the breeding season, and this is because they do not breed during their first year. During the day pairs may be involved in defending their territory but at night they may roost in large groups. They have linear dominance hierarchies that are remembered based on individual recognition.

Answer: linear dominance hierarchies


Question: Where does this bird occur west along the northern gulf of mexico?

Instruction: Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:

This species occurs on the eastern seaboard of the United States from Rhode Island south to Key West, and west along the northern coastline of the Gulf of Mexico and follows many river systems inland for quite some distance. Coastal marshes and beaches, rivers, inland lakes and marshes, river banks, and the land immediately surrounding all are frequented.

Answer: coastline


Question: Where does this bird occur west along the northern gulf of mexico?

Instruction: Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:

This species occurs on the eastern seaboard of the United States from Rhode Island south to Key West, and west along the northern coastline of the Gulf of Mexico and follows many river systems inland for quite some distance. Coastal marshes and beaches, rivers, inland lakes and marshes, river banks, and the land immediately surrounding all are frequented.

Answer: coastline


Question: Where does this bird occur west along the northern gulf of mexico?

Instruction: Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:

This species occurs on the eastern seaboard of the United States from Rhode Island south to Key West, and west along the northern coastline of the Gulf of Mexico and follows many river systems inland for quite some distance. Coastal marshes and beaches, rivers, inland lakes and marshes, river banks, and the land immediately surrounding all are frequented.

Answer: coastline


Question: Where does this bird occur west along the northern gulf of mexico?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

This species occurs on the eastern seaboard of the United States from Rhode Island south to Key West, and west along the northern coastline of the Gulf of Mexico and follows many river systems inland for quite some distance. Coastal marshes and beaches, rivers, inland lakes and marshes, river banks, and the land immediately surrounding all are frequented.

Answer: coastline


Question: Where does this bird occur west along the northern gulf of mexico?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

This species occurs on the eastern seaboard of the United States from Rhode Island south to Key West, and west along the northern coastline of the Gulf of Mexico and follows many river systems inland for quite some distance. Coastal marshes and beaches, rivers, inland lakes and marshes, river banks, and the land immediately surrounding all are frequented.

Answer: coastline


Question: What does the juvenile of this bird have fine streaks on in addition to the forehead?

Instruction: Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:

The grey butcherbird is a small grey, black and white bird with a weight of 90 grams (3.2 oz), a body length between 27–30 cm (10.6-11.8 in) and a wing span expanding 37–43 cm (14.6-16.9 in). The grey butcherbird is smaller than the Pied Butcherbird (Cracticus nigrogularis).
The adult grey butcherbird has a black head, top and sides; and a white chin and throat through to the lower hindneck. The upperbody is mostly dark grey with streaks of narrow white bands that extends across the uppertail-coverts at the base of the tail. The uppertail is black with narrow white tips. The wings are grey with large areas of white and the underside of the wing is also white. The tip of the beak has a slight downwards hook.
Both the male and female grey butcherbirds are similar in appearance, but the female is slightly smaller in size.
The juvenile is slightly different from the adult, as the juvenile does not have a black head, instead the head is a dark brown with fine streaks on the forehead and ear-covers and white loral spots that meet the eyes and bill, as well as having an off-white chin and throat. The upperbody is dark brown with streaks, and the uppertail-coverts are also a dark brown and have a brownish colour at the base of the uppertail. Juvenile's beaks are completely dark grey and often the hook at the tip of the beak is not obvious. The juvenile grey butcherbird is commonly mistaken for a small kingfisher.

Answer: ear-covers


Question: What does the juvenile of this bird have fine streaks on in addition to the forehead?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

The grey butcherbird is a small grey, black and white bird with a weight of 90 grams (3.2 oz), a body length between 27–30 cm (10.6-11.8 in) and a wing span expanding 37–43 cm (14.6-16.9 in). The grey butcherbird is smaller than the Pied Butcherbird (Cracticus nigrogularis).
The adult grey butcherbird has a black head, top and sides; and a white chin and throat through to the lower hindneck. The upperbody is mostly dark grey with streaks of narrow white bands that extends across the uppertail-coverts at the base of the tail. The uppertail is black with narrow white tips. The wings are grey with large areas of white and the underside of the wing is also white. The tip of the beak has a slight downwards hook.
Both the male and female grey butcherbirds are similar in appearance, but the female is slightly smaller in size.
The juvenile is slightly different from the adult, as the juvenile does not have a black head, instead the head is a dark brown with fine streaks on the forehead and ear-covers and white loral spots that meet the eyes and bill, as well as having an off-white chin and throat. The upperbody is dark brown with streaks, and the uppertail-coverts are also a dark brown and have a brownish colour at the base of the uppertail. Juvenile's beaks are completely dark grey and often the hook at the tip of the beak is not obvious. The juvenile grey butcherbird is commonly mistaken for a small kingfisher.

Answer: ear-covers


Question: What does the juvenile of this bird have fine streaks on in addition to the forehead?

Instruction: Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:

The grey butcherbird is a small grey, black and white bird with a weight of 90 grams (3.2 oz), a body length between 27–30 cm (10.6-11.8 in) and a wing span expanding 37–43 cm (14.6-16.9 in). The grey butcherbird is smaller than the Pied Butcherbird (Cracticus nigrogularis).
The adult grey butcherbird has a black head, top and sides; and a white chin and throat through to the lower hindneck. The upperbody is mostly dark grey with streaks of narrow white bands that extends across the uppertail-coverts at the base of the tail. The uppertail is black with narrow white tips. The wings are grey with large areas of white and the underside of the wing is also white. The tip of the beak has a slight downwards hook.
Both the male and female grey butcherbirds are similar in appearance, but the female is slightly smaller in size.
The juvenile is slightly different from the adult, as the juvenile does not have a black head, instead the head is a dark brown with fine streaks on the forehead and ear-covers and white loral spots that meet the eyes and bill, as well as having an off-white chin and throat. The upperbody is dark brown with streaks, and the uppertail-coverts are also a dark brown and have a brownish colour at the base of the uppertail. Juvenile's beaks are completely dark grey and often the hook at the tip of the beak is not obvious. The juvenile grey butcherbird is commonly mistaken for a small kingfisher.

Answer: ear-covers


Question: What does the juvenile of this bird have fine streaks on in addition to the forehead?

Instruction: Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:

The grey butcherbird is a small grey, black and white bird with a weight of 90 grams (3.2 oz), a body length between 27–30 cm (10.6-11.8 in) and a wing span expanding 37–43 cm (14.6-16.9 in). The grey butcherbird is smaller than the Pied Butcherbird (Cracticus nigrogularis).
The adult grey butcherbird has a black head, top and sides; and a white chin and throat through to the lower hindneck. The upperbody is mostly dark grey with streaks of narrow white bands that extends across the uppertail-coverts at the base of the tail. The uppertail is black with narrow white tips. The wings are grey with large areas of white and the underside of the wing is also white. The tip of the beak has a slight downwards hook.
Both the male and female grey butcherbirds are similar in appearance, but the female is slightly smaller in size.
The juvenile is slightly different from the adult, as the juvenile does not have a black head, instead the head is a dark brown with fine streaks on the forehead and ear-covers and white loral spots that meet the eyes and bill, as well as having an off-white chin and throat. The upperbody is dark brown with streaks, and the uppertail-coverts are also a dark brown and have a brownish colour at the base of the uppertail. Juvenile's beaks are completely dark grey and often the hook at the tip of the beak is not obvious. The juvenile grey butcherbird is commonly mistaken for a small kingfisher.

Answer: ear-covers


Question: What does the juvenile of this bird have fine streaks on in addition to the forehead?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

The grey butcherbird is a small grey, black and white bird with a weight of 90 grams (3.2 oz), a body length between 27–30 cm (10.6-11.8 in) and a wing span expanding 37–43 cm (14.6-16.9 in). The grey butcherbird is smaller than the Pied Butcherbird (Cracticus nigrogularis).
The adult grey butcherbird has a black head, top and sides; and a white chin and throat through to the lower hindneck. The upperbody is mostly dark grey with streaks of narrow white bands that extends across the uppertail-coverts at the base of the tail. The uppertail is black with narrow white tips. The wings are grey with large areas of white and the underside of the wing is also white. The tip of the beak has a slight downwards hook.
Both the male and female grey butcherbirds are similar in appearance, but the female is slightly smaller in size.
The juvenile is slightly different from the adult, as the juvenile does not have a black head, instead the head is a dark brown with fine streaks on the forehead and ear-covers and white loral spots that meet the eyes and bill, as well as having an off-white chin and throat. The upperbody is dark brown with streaks, and the uppertail-coverts are also a dark brown and have a brownish colour at the base of the uppertail. Juvenile's beaks are completely dark grey and often the hook at the tip of the beak is not obvious. The juvenile grey butcherbird is commonly mistaken for a small kingfisher.

Answer: ear-covers


Question: What type of plant is this?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

Cucurbita foetidissima requires little water and grows best in semiarid and arid environments. Warm weather is required during the five- to eight-month vegetation period. This perennial is well adapted to marginal agricultural lands such as sandy loam soils which have to be well-drained. Germination temperature range is between 15 °C and 37 °C with an optimum at 25 °C.
The maximum depth for a successful germination is 12 cm. The germination is possible in a pH range from 2.2 (germination rate 15%) up to pH 8 (germination rate 90%). Asexual propagation is possible from nodal roots.
The leaves of the buffalo gourd are typically entire and heart-shaped with a base of 10–13 cm (4–5 in) and length of 20–25 cm (8–10 in). The flowers are borne singly at the nodes of the vines after a certain amount of annual vegetative growth has taken place.
The fruit has a diameter of 7–10 cm (3–4 in). The fruit weighs 120 g to 150 g, with 292 to 315 seeds per fruit. The seeds, which are 12 mm (0.5 in) long and 7 mm (0.3 in) wide, weigh about 4 g per 100 seeds, with the seed coat accounting for about 30% of the seed weight. The seeds often remain viable for months or even years within an undamaged gourd. One hectare of plants can produce 2.5 tons of seed.
The plant forms a fleshy tap root which is used as a storage and overwintering structure. The central tap root can weigh up to 72 kg (159 lb). A four-year-old root grown under cultivation can reach a fresh weight of 45 kg (99 lb) and a length of 2.5 m (8.2 ft).

Answer: perennial


Question: What type of plant is this?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

Cucurbita foetidissima requires little water and grows best in semiarid and arid environments. Warm weather is required during the five- to eight-month vegetation period. This perennial is well adapted to marginal agricultural lands such as sandy loam soils which have to be well-drained. Germination temperature range is between 15 °C and 37 °C with an optimum at 25 °C.
The maximum depth for a successful germination is 12 cm. The germination is possible in a pH range from 2.2 (germination rate 15%) up to pH 8 (germination rate 90%). Asexual propagation is possible from nodal roots.
The leaves of the buffalo gourd are typically entire and heart-shaped with a base of 10–13 cm (4–5 in) and length of 20–25 cm (8–10 in). The flowers are borne singly at the nodes of the vines after a certain amount of annual vegetative growth has taken place.
The fruit has a diameter of 7–10 cm (3–4 in). The fruit weighs 120 g to 150 g, with 292 to 315 seeds per fruit. The seeds, which are 12 mm (0.5 in) long and 7 mm (0.3 in) wide, weigh about 4 g per 100 seeds, with the seed coat accounting for about 30% of the seed weight. The seeds often remain viable for months or even years within an undamaged gourd. One hectare of plants can produce 2.5 tons of seed.
The plant forms a fleshy tap root which is used as a storage and overwintering structure. The central tap root can weigh up to 72 kg (159 lb). A four-year-old root grown under cultivation can reach a fresh weight of 45 kg (99 lb) and a length of 2.5 m (8.2 ft).

Answer: perennial


Question: What type of plant is this?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

Cucurbita foetidissima requires little water and grows best in semiarid and arid environments. Warm weather is required during the five- to eight-month vegetation period. This perennial is well adapted to marginal agricultural lands such as sandy loam soils which have to be well-drained. Germination temperature range is between 15 °C and 37 °C with an optimum at 25 °C.
The maximum depth for a successful germination is 12 cm. The germination is possible in a pH range from 2.2 (germination rate 15%) up to pH 8 (germination rate 90%). Asexual propagation is possible from nodal roots.
The leaves of the buffalo gourd are typically entire and heart-shaped with a base of 10–13 cm (4–5 in) and length of 20–25 cm (8–10 in). The flowers are borne singly at the nodes of the vines after a certain amount of annual vegetative growth has taken place.
The fruit has a diameter of 7–10 cm (3–4 in). The fruit weighs 120 g to 150 g, with 292 to 315 seeds per fruit. The seeds, which are 12 mm (0.5 in) long and 7 mm (0.3 in) wide, weigh about 4 g per 100 seeds, with the seed coat accounting for about 30% of the seed weight. The seeds often remain viable for months or even years within an undamaged gourd. One hectare of plants can produce 2.5 tons of seed.
The plant forms a fleshy tap root which is used as a storage and overwintering structure. The central tap root can weigh up to 72 kg (159 lb). A four-year-old root grown under cultivation can reach a fresh weight of 45 kg (99 lb) and a length of 2.5 m (8.2 ft).

Answer: perennial


Question: What type of plant is this?

Instruction: Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:

Cucurbita foetidissima requires little water and grows best in semiarid and arid environments. Warm weather is required during the five- to eight-month vegetation period. This perennial is well adapted to marginal agricultural lands such as sandy loam soils which have to be well-drained. Germination temperature range is between 15 °C and 37 °C with an optimum at 25 °C.
The maximum depth for a successful germination is 12 cm. The germination is possible in a pH range from 2.2 (germination rate 15%) up to pH 8 (germination rate 90%). Asexual propagation is possible from nodal roots.
The leaves of the buffalo gourd are typically entire and heart-shaped with a base of 10–13 cm (4–5 in) and length of 20–25 cm (8–10 in). The flowers are borne singly at the nodes of the vines after a certain amount of annual vegetative growth has taken place.
The fruit has a diameter of 7–10 cm (3–4 in). The fruit weighs 120 g to 150 g, with 292 to 315 seeds per fruit. The seeds, which are 12 mm (0.5 in) long and 7 mm (0.3 in) wide, weigh about 4 g per 100 seeds, with the seed coat accounting for about 30% of the seed weight. The seeds often remain viable for months or even years within an undamaged gourd. One hectare of plants can produce 2.5 tons of seed.
The plant forms a fleshy tap root which is used as a storage and overwintering structure. The central tap root can weigh up to 72 kg (159 lb). A four-year-old root grown under cultivation can reach a fresh weight of 45 kg (99 lb) and a length of 2.5 m (8.2 ft).

Answer: perennial


Question: What type of plant is this?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

Cucurbita foetidissima requires little water and grows best in semiarid and arid environments. Warm weather is required during the five- to eight-month vegetation period. This perennial is well adapted to marginal agricultural lands such as sandy loam soils which have to be well-drained. Germination temperature range is between 15 °C and 37 °C with an optimum at 25 °C.
The maximum depth for a successful germination is 12 cm. The germination is possible in a pH range from 2.2 (germination rate 15%) up to pH 8 (germination rate 90%). Asexual propagation is possible from nodal roots.
The leaves of the buffalo gourd are typically entire and heart-shaped with a base of 10–13 cm (4–5 in) and length of 20–25 cm (8–10 in). The flowers are borne singly at the nodes of the vines after a certain amount of annual vegetative growth has taken place.
The fruit has a diameter of 7–10 cm (3–4 in). The fruit weighs 120 g to 150 g, with 292 to 315 seeds per fruit. The seeds, which are 12 mm (0.5 in) long and 7 mm (0.3 in) wide, weigh about 4 g per 100 seeds, with the seed coat accounting for about 30% of the seed weight. The seeds often remain viable for months or even years within an undamaged gourd. One hectare of plants can produce 2.5 tons of seed.
The plant forms a fleshy tap root which is used as a storage and overwintering structure. The central tap root can weigh up to 72 kg (159 lb). A four-year-old root grown under cultivation can reach a fresh weight of 45 kg (99 lb) and a length of 2.5 m (8.2 ft).

Answer: perennial


Question: Is this plant common or rare?

Instruction: Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:

The species includes two varieties.
Cuscuta pacifica var. pacifica is significantly more common, occurring throughout the species range.
Cuscuta pacifica var. papillata is a very rare endemic of sand-dune habitats in Mendocino County.
Previous treatments included this species as two varieties of a more broadly defined Cuscuta salina, but they were recently recognized to be a distinct species with clear habitat and host affinities and reproductively isolated from Cuscuta salina var. salina.

Answer: rare


Question: Is this plant common or rare?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

The species includes two varieties.
Cuscuta pacifica var. pacifica is significantly more common, occurring throughout the species range.
Cuscuta pacifica var. papillata is a very rare endemic of sand-dune habitats in Mendocino County.
Previous treatments included this species as two varieties of a more broadly defined Cuscuta salina, but they were recently recognized to be a distinct species with clear habitat and host affinities and reproductively isolated from Cuscuta salina var. salina.

Answer: rare


Question: Is this plant common or rare?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

The species includes two varieties.
Cuscuta pacifica var. pacifica is significantly more common, occurring throughout the species range.
Cuscuta pacifica var. papillata is a very rare endemic of sand-dune habitats in Mendocino County.
Previous treatments included this species as two varieties of a more broadly defined Cuscuta salina, but they were recently recognized to be a distinct species with clear habitat and host affinities and reproductively isolated from Cuscuta salina var. salina.

Answer: rare


Question: Is this plant common or rare?

Instruction: Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:

The species includes two varieties.
Cuscuta pacifica var. pacifica is significantly more common, occurring throughout the species range.
Cuscuta pacifica var. papillata is a very rare endemic of sand-dune habitats in Mendocino County.
Previous treatments included this species as two varieties of a more broadly defined Cuscuta salina, but they were recently recognized to be a distinct species with clear habitat and host affinities and reproductively isolated from Cuscuta salina var. salina.

Answer: rare


Question: Is this plant common or rare?

Instruction: Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:

The species includes two varieties.
Cuscuta pacifica var. pacifica is significantly more common, occurring throughout the species range.
Cuscuta pacifica var. papillata is a very rare endemic of sand-dune habitats in Mendocino County.
Previous treatments included this species as two varieties of a more broadly defined Cuscuta salina, but they were recently recognized to be a distinct species with clear habitat and host affinities and reproductively isolated from Cuscuta salina var. salina.

Answer: rare


Question: What part of this plant is protected from sunlight for several weeks before sale?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

While the flower buds can be eaten much as small (and spiny) artichokes, more often the stems are eaten after being braised in cooking liquid. Cardoon stems are part of Lyonnaise cuisine (e.g. gratin de cardons). Only the innermost, white stalks are considered edible, and cardoons are therefore usually prepared for sale by protecting the leaf stalks from the sunlight for several weeks. This was traditionally done by burying the plant underground, thus, cardoon plantations in Spain are often formed by characteristic earth mounds surrounding each plant, the earth covering the stalks. In modern cultivation, the plant is usually instead wrapped in black plastic film or other opaque material.
The flower buds of wild cardoons are still widely collected and used in southern Italy and Sicily. In Spain and Portugal, the flower buds are also employed in cheesemaking: the pistils of the cardoon flower are used as a vegetable rennet in the making of some cheeses such as the Torta del Casar and the Torta de la Serena cheeses in Spain, or the Queijo de Nisa and Serra da Estrela cheeses in Portugal.
Cardoon leaf stalks, which look like giant celery stalks, can be served steamed or braised, and have an artichoke-like flavour with a hint of bitterness. They are harvested in winter and spring, being best just before the plant flowers. In the Abruzzo region of Italy, Christmas lunch is traditionally started with a soup of cardoon cooked in chicken broth with little meatballs (lamb or, more rarely, beef), sometimes with the further addition of egg (which scrambles in the hot soup – called stracciatella) or fried chopped liver and heart.
The cardoon stalks are considered a delicacy in Spain, particularly in the northerns regions of Navarre and Aragon, where they are grown in large quantities.  In Spain, cardoons are typically cooked by first boiling the stalks to soften them, and then adding simple sauces such as almond sauce or small amounts of jamón; they are sometimes combined with clams, artichokes, or beans as well.
Because of their seasonality (from November to February), cardoons are a staple of the Christmas dinner in Navarre and the surrounding regions; for the same reason, cardoons are often sold as vegetable preserves, usually in water or brine, so that they can be eaten all year round. Cardoons are an ingredient in one of the national dishes of Spain, the cocido madrileño, a slow-cooking, one-pot, meat and vegetable dish simmered in broth.
In the US, it is rarely found in conventional grocery stores but is available in some farmers' markets in the months of May, June, and July. The main root can also be boiled and served cold. The stems are also traditionally served battered and fried at St. Joseph's altars in New Orleans.
Cardoon is one of the herbs used to flavour Amaro liqueur, which may be called Cardamaro.

Answer: leaf stalks


Question: What part of this plant is protected from sunlight for several weeks before sale?

Instruction: Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:

While the flower buds can be eaten much as small (and spiny) artichokes, more often the stems are eaten after being braised in cooking liquid. Cardoon stems are part of Lyonnaise cuisine (e.g. gratin de cardons). Only the innermost, white stalks are considered edible, and cardoons are therefore usually prepared for sale by protecting the leaf stalks from the sunlight for several weeks. This was traditionally done by burying the plant underground, thus, cardoon plantations in Spain are often formed by characteristic earth mounds surrounding each plant, the earth covering the stalks. In modern cultivation, the plant is usually instead wrapped in black plastic film or other opaque material.
The flower buds of wild cardoons are still widely collected and used in southern Italy and Sicily. In Spain and Portugal, the flower buds are also employed in cheesemaking: the pistils of the cardoon flower are used as a vegetable rennet in the making of some cheeses such as the Torta del Casar and the Torta de la Serena cheeses in Spain, or the Queijo de Nisa and Serra da Estrela cheeses in Portugal.
Cardoon leaf stalks, which look like giant celery stalks, can be served steamed or braised, and have an artichoke-like flavour with a hint of bitterness. They are harvested in winter and spring, being best just before the plant flowers. In the Abruzzo region of Italy, Christmas lunch is traditionally started with a soup of cardoon cooked in chicken broth with little meatballs (lamb or, more rarely, beef), sometimes with the further addition of egg (which scrambles in the hot soup – called stracciatella) or fried chopped liver and heart.
The cardoon stalks are considered a delicacy in Spain, particularly in the northerns regions of Navarre and Aragon, where they are grown in large quantities.  In Spain, cardoons are typically cooked by first boiling the stalks to soften them, and then adding simple sauces such as almond sauce or small amounts of jamón; they are sometimes combined with clams, artichokes, or beans as well.
Because of their seasonality (from November to February), cardoons are a staple of the Christmas dinner in Navarre and the surrounding regions; for the same reason, cardoons are often sold as vegetable preserves, usually in water or brine, so that they can be eaten all year round. Cardoons are an ingredient in one of the national dishes of Spain, the cocido madrileño, a slow-cooking, one-pot, meat and vegetable dish simmered in broth.
In the US, it is rarely found in conventional grocery stores but is available in some farmers' markets in the months of May, June, and July. The main root can also be boiled and served cold. The stems are also traditionally served battered and fried at St. Joseph's altars in New Orleans.
Cardoon is one of the herbs used to flavour Amaro liqueur, which may be called Cardamaro.

Answer: leaf stalks


Question: What part of this plant is protected from sunlight for several weeks before sale?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

While the flower buds can be eaten much as small (and spiny) artichokes, more often the stems are eaten after being braised in cooking liquid. Cardoon stems are part of Lyonnaise cuisine (e.g. gratin de cardons). Only the innermost, white stalks are considered edible, and cardoons are therefore usually prepared for sale by protecting the leaf stalks from the sunlight for several weeks. This was traditionally done by burying the plant underground, thus, cardoon plantations in Spain are often formed by characteristic earth mounds surrounding each plant, the earth covering the stalks. In modern cultivation, the plant is usually instead wrapped in black plastic film or other opaque material.
The flower buds of wild cardoons are still widely collected and used in southern Italy and Sicily. In Spain and Portugal, the flower buds are also employed in cheesemaking: the pistils of the cardoon flower are used as a vegetable rennet in the making of some cheeses such as the Torta del Casar and the Torta de la Serena cheeses in Spain, or the Queijo de Nisa and Serra da Estrela cheeses in Portugal.
Cardoon leaf stalks, which look like giant celery stalks, can be served steamed or braised, and have an artichoke-like flavour with a hint of bitterness. They are harvested in winter and spring, being best just before the plant flowers. In the Abruzzo region of Italy, Christmas lunch is traditionally started with a soup of cardoon cooked in chicken broth with little meatballs (lamb or, more rarely, beef), sometimes with the further addition of egg (which scrambles in the hot soup – called stracciatella) or fried chopped liver and heart.
The cardoon stalks are considered a delicacy in Spain, particularly in the northerns regions of Navarre and Aragon, where they are grown in large quantities.  In Spain, cardoons are typically cooked by first boiling the stalks to soften them, and then adding simple sauces such as almond sauce or small amounts of jamón; they are sometimes combined with clams, artichokes, or beans as well.
Because of their seasonality (from November to February), cardoons are a staple of the Christmas dinner in Navarre and the surrounding regions; for the same reason, cardoons are often sold as vegetable preserves, usually in water or brine, so that they can be eaten all year round. Cardoons are an ingredient in one of the national dishes of Spain, the cocido madrileño, a slow-cooking, one-pot, meat and vegetable dish simmered in broth.
In the US, it is rarely found in conventional grocery stores but is available in some farmers' markets in the months of May, June, and July. The main root can also be boiled and served cold. The stems are also traditionally served battered and fried at St. Joseph's altars in New Orleans.
Cardoon is one of the herbs used to flavour Amaro liqueur, which may be called Cardamaro.

Answer: leaf stalks


Question: What part of this plant is protected from sunlight for several weeks before sale?

Instruction: Obtain documents that correspond to the inquiry alongside the provided image:

While the flower buds can be eaten much as small (and spiny) artichokes, more often the stems are eaten after being braised in cooking liquid. Cardoon stems are part of Lyonnaise cuisine (e.g. gratin de cardons). Only the innermost, white stalks are considered edible, and cardoons are therefore usually prepared for sale by protecting the leaf stalks from the sunlight for several weeks. This was traditionally done by burying the plant underground, thus, cardoon plantations in Spain are often formed by characteristic earth mounds surrounding each plant, the earth covering the stalks. In modern cultivation, the plant is usually instead wrapped in black plastic film or other opaque material.
The flower buds of wild cardoons are still widely collected and used in southern Italy and Sicily. In Spain and Portugal, the flower buds are also employed in cheesemaking: the pistils of the cardoon flower are used as a vegetable rennet in the making of some cheeses such as the Torta del Casar and the Torta de la Serena cheeses in Spain, or the Queijo de Nisa and Serra da Estrela cheeses in Portugal.
Cardoon leaf stalks, which look like giant celery stalks, can be served steamed or braised, and have an artichoke-like flavour with a hint of bitterness. They are harvested in winter and spring, being best just before the plant flowers. In the Abruzzo region of Italy, Christmas lunch is traditionally started with a soup of cardoon cooked in chicken broth with little meatballs (lamb or, more rarely, beef), sometimes with the further addition of egg (which scrambles in the hot soup – called stracciatella) or fried chopped liver and heart.
The cardoon stalks are considered a delicacy in Spain, particularly in the northerns regions of Navarre and Aragon, where they are grown in large quantities.  In Spain, cardoons are typically cooked by first boiling the stalks to soften them, and then adding simple sauces such as almond sauce or small amounts of jamón; they are sometimes combined with clams, artichokes, or beans as well.
Because of their seasonality (from November to February), cardoons are a staple of the Christmas dinner in Navarre and the surrounding regions; for the same reason, cardoons are often sold as vegetable preserves, usually in water or brine, so that they can be eaten all year round. Cardoons are an ingredient in one of the national dishes of Spain, the cocido madrileño, a slow-cooking, one-pot, meat and vegetable dish simmered in broth.
In the US, it is rarely found in conventional grocery stores but is available in some farmers' markets in the months of May, June, and July. The main root can also be boiled and served cold. The stems are also traditionally served battered and fried at St. Joseph's altars in New Orleans.
Cardoon is one of the herbs used to flavour Amaro liqueur, which may be called Cardamaro.

Answer: leaf stalks


Question: What part of this plant is protected from sunlight for several weeks before sale?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

While the flower buds can be eaten much as small (and spiny) artichokes, more often the stems are eaten after being braised in cooking liquid. Cardoon stems are part of Lyonnaise cuisine (e.g. gratin de cardons). Only the innermost, white stalks are considered edible, and cardoons are therefore usually prepared for sale by protecting the leaf stalks from the sunlight for several weeks. This was traditionally done by burying the plant underground, thus, cardoon plantations in Spain are often formed by characteristic earth mounds surrounding each plant, the earth covering the stalks. In modern cultivation, the plant is usually instead wrapped in black plastic film or other opaque material.
The flower buds of wild cardoons are still widely collected and used in southern Italy and Sicily. In Spain and Portugal, the flower buds are also employed in cheesemaking: the pistils of the cardoon flower are used as a vegetable rennet in the making of some cheeses such as the Torta del Casar and the Torta de la Serena cheeses in Spain, or the Queijo de Nisa and Serra da Estrela cheeses in Portugal.
Cardoon leaf stalks, which look like giant celery stalks, can be served steamed or braised, and have an artichoke-like flavour with a hint of bitterness. They are harvested in winter and spring, being best just before the plant flowers. In the Abruzzo region of Italy, Christmas lunch is traditionally started with a soup of cardoon cooked in chicken broth with little meatballs (lamb or, more rarely, beef), sometimes with the further addition of egg (which scrambles in the hot soup – called stracciatella) or fried chopped liver and heart.
The cardoon stalks are considered a delicacy in Spain, particularly in the northerns regions of Navarre and Aragon, where they are grown in large quantities.  In Spain, cardoons are typically cooked by first boiling the stalks to soften them, and then adding simple sauces such as almond sauce or small amounts of jamón; they are sometimes combined with clams, artichokes, or beans as well.
Because of their seasonality (from November to February), cardoons are a staple of the Christmas dinner in Navarre and the surrounding regions; for the same reason, cardoons are often sold as vegetable preserves, usually in water or brine, so that they can be eaten all year round. Cardoons are an ingredient in one of the national dishes of Spain, the cocido madrileño, a slow-cooking, one-pot, meat and vegetable dish simmered in broth.
In the US, it is rarely found in conventional grocery stores but is available in some farmers' markets in the months of May, June, and July. The main root can also be boiled and served cold. The stems are also traditionally served battered and fried at St. Joseph's altars in New Orleans.
Cardoon is one of the herbs used to flavour Amaro liqueur, which may be called Cardamaro.

Answer: leaf stalks


Question: What family is this beetle in?

Instruction: Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:

Cypherotylus californicus, sometimes known as the blue fungus beetle or blue pleasing fungus beetle, is a species of pleasing fungus beetle in the family Erotylidae. It is recorded from Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, California, Kansas, and the Mexican state of Sonora.

Answer: erotylidae


Question: What family is this beetle in?

Instruction: Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:

Cypherotylus californicus, sometimes known as the blue fungus beetle or blue pleasing fungus beetle, is a species of pleasing fungus beetle in the family Erotylidae. It is recorded from Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, California, Kansas, and the Mexican state of Sonora.

Answer: erotylidae


Question: What family is this beetle in?

Instruction: Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:

Cypherotylus californicus, sometimes known as the blue fungus beetle or blue pleasing fungus beetle, is a species of pleasing fungus beetle in the family Erotylidae. It is recorded from Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, California, Kansas, and the Mexican state of Sonora.

Answer: erotylidae


Question: What family is this beetle in?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

Cypherotylus californicus, sometimes known as the blue fungus beetle or blue pleasing fungus beetle, is a species of pleasing fungus beetle in the family Erotylidae. It is recorded from Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, California, Kansas, and the Mexican state of Sonora.

Answer: erotylidae


Question: What family is this beetle in?

Instruction: Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:

Cypherotylus californicus, sometimes known as the blue fungus beetle or blue pleasing fungus beetle, is a species of pleasing fungus beetle in the family Erotylidae. It is recorded from Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, California, Kansas, and the Mexican state of Sonora.

Answer: erotylidae


Question: How many counties in minnesota has this plant?

Instruction: Obtain documents that correspond to the inquiry alongside the provided image:

Cypripedium reginae is quite rare. Its increasing rarity is attributable to destruction of a suitable alkaline habitat;  it is sensitive to hydrologic disturbances, and is threatened by wetland draining, water contamination, habitat destruction and horticultural collectors. Browsing by an exploding deer population stunts or eliminates the plant's growth.
The plant is classified as imperiled (SRANK S2) or critically imperiled (S1) in Arkansas, Connecticut, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Newfoundland and Labrador, North Dakota, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Prince Edward Island, Saskatchewan, Tennessee, Virginia and West Virginia. It is considered vulnerable (S3) in Indiana, Maine, Manitoba, Massachusetts, New York, Quebec, Vermont, Wisconsin, Rhode Island, and several areas of eastern Canada. It is known to occur in only 14 locations in Massachusetts (as of 2016).  It was historically found in Kentucky and North Carolina, but has not been found recently.
The only provinces to rank Cyp. reginae as apparently secure (S4) are Ontario and Manitoba.  There are no SRANKs for the U.S. states of Minnesota and Michigan, but the plant is found in 61 of Michigan's 83 counties, and 33 of the 87 counties in Minnesota.
The New Hampshire Academy of Science has sponsored research regarding the conservation and analysis of Cyp. species native to northern New England. They have published research papers and numerous abstracts and presented their research in the annual meeting notes of the AAAS on Cyp. species found in VT and NH.

Answer: 33


Question: How many counties in minnesota has this plant?

Instruction: Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:

Cypripedium reginae is quite rare. Its increasing rarity is attributable to destruction of a suitable alkaline habitat;  it is sensitive to hydrologic disturbances, and is threatened by wetland draining, water contamination, habitat destruction and horticultural collectors. Browsing by an exploding deer population stunts or eliminates the plant's growth.
The plant is classified as imperiled (SRANK S2) or critically imperiled (S1) in Arkansas, Connecticut, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Newfoundland and Labrador, North Dakota, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Prince Edward Island, Saskatchewan, Tennessee, Virginia and West Virginia. It is considered vulnerable (S3) in Indiana, Maine, Manitoba, Massachusetts, New York, Quebec, Vermont, Wisconsin, Rhode Island, and several areas of eastern Canada. It is known to occur in only 14 locations in Massachusetts (as of 2016).  It was historically found in Kentucky and North Carolina, but has not been found recently.
The only provinces to rank Cyp. reginae as apparently secure (S4) are Ontario and Manitoba.  There are no SRANKs for the U.S. states of Minnesota and Michigan, but the plant is found in 61 of Michigan's 83 counties, and 33 of the 87 counties in Minnesota.
The New Hampshire Academy of Science has sponsored research regarding the conservation and analysis of Cyp. species native to northern New England. They have published research papers and numerous abstracts and presented their research in the annual meeting notes of the AAAS on Cyp. species found in VT and NH.

Answer: 33


Question: How many counties in minnesota has this plant?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

Cypripedium reginae is quite rare. Its increasing rarity is attributable to destruction of a suitable alkaline habitat;  it is sensitive to hydrologic disturbances, and is threatened by wetland draining, water contamination, habitat destruction and horticultural collectors. Browsing by an exploding deer population stunts or eliminates the plant's growth.
The plant is classified as imperiled (SRANK S2) or critically imperiled (S1) in Arkansas, Connecticut, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Newfoundland and Labrador, North Dakota, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Prince Edward Island, Saskatchewan, Tennessee, Virginia and West Virginia. It is considered vulnerable (S3) in Indiana, Maine, Manitoba, Massachusetts, New York, Quebec, Vermont, Wisconsin, Rhode Island, and several areas of eastern Canada. It is known to occur in only 14 locations in Massachusetts (as of 2016).  It was historically found in Kentucky and North Carolina, but has not been found recently.
The only provinces to rank Cyp. reginae as apparently secure (S4) are Ontario and Manitoba.  There are no SRANKs for the U.S. states of Minnesota and Michigan, but the plant is found in 61 of Michigan's 83 counties, and 33 of the 87 counties in Minnesota.
The New Hampshire Academy of Science has sponsored research regarding the conservation and analysis of Cyp. species native to northern New England. They have published research papers and numerous abstracts and presented their research in the annual meeting notes of the AAAS on Cyp. species found in VT and NH.

Answer: 33


Question: How many counties in minnesota has this plant?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

Cypripedium reginae is quite rare. Its increasing rarity is attributable to destruction of a suitable alkaline habitat;  it is sensitive to hydrologic disturbances, and is threatened by wetland draining, water contamination, habitat destruction and horticultural collectors. Browsing by an exploding deer population stunts or eliminates the plant's growth.
The plant is classified as imperiled (SRANK S2) or critically imperiled (S1) in Arkansas, Connecticut, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Newfoundland and Labrador, North Dakota, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Prince Edward Island, Saskatchewan, Tennessee, Virginia and West Virginia. It is considered vulnerable (S3) in Indiana, Maine, Manitoba, Massachusetts, New York, Quebec, Vermont, Wisconsin, Rhode Island, and several areas of eastern Canada. It is known to occur in only 14 locations in Massachusetts (as of 2016).  It was historically found in Kentucky and North Carolina, but has not been found recently.
The only provinces to rank Cyp. reginae as apparently secure (S4) are Ontario and Manitoba.  There are no SRANKs for the U.S. states of Minnesota and Michigan, but the plant is found in 61 of Michigan's 83 counties, and 33 of the 87 counties in Minnesota.
The New Hampshire Academy of Science has sponsored research regarding the conservation and analysis of Cyp. species native to northern New England. They have published research papers and numerous abstracts and presented their research in the annual meeting notes of the AAAS on Cyp. species found in VT and NH.

Answer: 33


Question: How many counties in minnesota has this plant?

Instruction: Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:

Cypripedium reginae is quite rare. Its increasing rarity is attributable to destruction of a suitable alkaline habitat;  it is sensitive to hydrologic disturbances, and is threatened by wetland draining, water contamination, habitat destruction and horticultural collectors. Browsing by an exploding deer population stunts or eliminates the plant's growth.
The plant is classified as imperiled (SRANK S2) or critically imperiled (S1) in Arkansas, Connecticut, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Newfoundland and Labrador, North Dakota, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Prince Edward Island, Saskatchewan, Tennessee, Virginia and West Virginia. It is considered vulnerable (S3) in Indiana, Maine, Manitoba, Massachusetts, New York, Quebec, Vermont, Wisconsin, Rhode Island, and several areas of eastern Canada. It is known to occur in only 14 locations in Massachusetts (as of 2016).  It was historically found in Kentucky and North Carolina, but has not been found recently.
The only provinces to rank Cyp. reginae as apparently secure (S4) are Ontario and Manitoba.  There are no SRANKs for the U.S. states of Minnesota and Michigan, but the plant is found in 61 of Michigan's 83 counties, and 33 of the 87 counties in Minnesota.
The New Hampshire Academy of Science has sponsored research regarding the conservation and analysis of Cyp. species native to northern New England. They have published research papers and numerous abstracts and presented their research in the annual meeting notes of the AAAS on Cyp. species found in VT and NH.

Answer: 33


Question: What low rate does this plant have?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

The showy lady's slipper has been a subject of horticultural interest for many years, and was known to Charles Darwin who, like many, was unsuccessful in cultivating the plant.
It has low seed germination rates and slow maturation to flowering. This makes it more vulnerable to illegal collection. It is difficult to raise from seed, taking many months to germinate in sterile culture.  In the 1990s a group of high school students in New Hampshire made progress on axenic culture from seed and were able to obtain over 50% germination levels in about 3 weeks. Efforts at micropropagation have had marginal success.

Answer: seed germination


Question: What low rate does this plant have?

Instruction: Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:

The showy lady's slipper has been a subject of horticultural interest for many years, and was known to Charles Darwin who, like many, was unsuccessful in cultivating the plant.
It has low seed germination rates and slow maturation to flowering. This makes it more vulnerable to illegal collection. It is difficult to raise from seed, taking many months to germinate in sterile culture.  In the 1990s a group of high school students in New Hampshire made progress on axenic culture from seed and were able to obtain over 50% germination levels in about 3 weeks. Efforts at micropropagation have had marginal success.

Answer: seed germination


Question: What low rate does this plant have?

Instruction: Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:

The showy lady's slipper has been a subject of horticultural interest for many years, and was known to Charles Darwin who, like many, was unsuccessful in cultivating the plant.
It has low seed germination rates and slow maturation to flowering. This makes it more vulnerable to illegal collection. It is difficult to raise from seed, taking many months to germinate in sterile culture.  In the 1990s a group of high school students in New Hampshire made progress on axenic culture from seed and were able to obtain over 50% germination levels in about 3 weeks. Efforts at micropropagation have had marginal success.

Answer: seed germination


Question: What low rate does this plant have?

Instruction: Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:

The showy lady's slipper has been a subject of horticultural interest for many years, and was known to Charles Darwin who, like many, was unsuccessful in cultivating the plant.
It has low seed germination rates and slow maturation to flowering. This makes it more vulnerable to illegal collection. It is difficult to raise from seed, taking many months to germinate in sterile culture.  In the 1990s a group of high school students in New Hampshire made progress on axenic culture from seed and were able to obtain over 50% germination levels in about 3 weeks. Efforts at micropropagation have had marginal success.

Answer: seed germination


Question: What low rate does this plant have?

Instruction: Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:

The showy lady's slipper has been a subject of horticultural interest for many years, and was known to Charles Darwin who, like many, was unsuccessful in cultivating the plant.
It has low seed germination rates and slow maturation to flowering. This makes it more vulnerable to illegal collection. It is difficult to raise from seed, taking many months to germinate in sterile culture.  In the 1990s a group of high school students in New Hampshire made progress on axenic culture from seed and were able to obtain over 50% germination levels in about 3 weeks. Efforts at micropropagation have had marginal success.

Answer: seed germination


Question: Where does this bird like to feed in trees?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

Behaviourally it likes to feed high in the trees, moving constantly and making a good view difficult. In the breeding season it excavates a nest hole about 5 cm wide in a decaying tree trunk or thick branch. It lays four to seven eggs and incubates for 11–14 days.
The middle spotted woodpecker lives predominantly on a diet of insects as well as their larvae, which it finds by picking them from branches and twigs rather than hacking them from beneath the bark. It will also feed on tree sap. It is rarely heard drumming, and never for territorial purposes, which it asserts by song; a slow, nasal gvayk gvayk gvayk gvayk gvayk. Calls include a fast kik kekekekek.

Answer: high


Question: Where does this bird like to feed in trees?

Instruction: Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:

Behaviourally it likes to feed high in the trees, moving constantly and making a good view difficult. In the breeding season it excavates a nest hole about 5 cm wide in a decaying tree trunk or thick branch. It lays four to seven eggs and incubates for 11–14 days.
The middle spotted woodpecker lives predominantly on a diet of insects as well as their larvae, which it finds by picking them from branches and twigs rather than hacking them from beneath the bark. It will also feed on tree sap. It is rarely heard drumming, and never for territorial purposes, which it asserts by song; a slow, nasal gvayk gvayk gvayk gvayk gvayk. Calls include a fast kik kekekekek.

Answer: high


Question: Where does this bird like to feed in trees?

Instruction: Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:

Behaviourally it likes to feed high in the trees, moving constantly and making a good view difficult. In the breeding season it excavates a nest hole about 5 cm wide in a decaying tree trunk or thick branch. It lays four to seven eggs and incubates for 11–14 days.
The middle spotted woodpecker lives predominantly on a diet of insects as well as their larvae, which it finds by picking them from branches and twigs rather than hacking them from beneath the bark. It will also feed on tree sap. It is rarely heard drumming, and never for territorial purposes, which it asserts by song; a slow, nasal gvayk gvayk gvayk gvayk gvayk. Calls include a fast kik kekekekek.

Answer: high


Question: Where does this bird like to feed in trees?

Instruction: Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:

Behaviourally it likes to feed high in the trees, moving constantly and making a good view difficult. In the breeding season it excavates a nest hole about 5 cm wide in a decaying tree trunk or thick branch. It lays four to seven eggs and incubates for 11–14 days.
The middle spotted woodpecker lives predominantly on a diet of insects as well as their larvae, which it finds by picking them from branches and twigs rather than hacking them from beneath the bark. It will also feed on tree sap. It is rarely heard drumming, and never for territorial purposes, which it asserts by song; a slow, nasal gvayk gvayk gvayk gvayk gvayk. Calls include a fast kik kekekekek.

Answer: high


Question: Where does this bird like to feed in trees?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

Behaviourally it likes to feed high in the trees, moving constantly and making a good view difficult. In the breeding season it excavates a nest hole about 5 cm wide in a decaying tree trunk or thick branch. It lays four to seven eggs and incubates for 11–14 days.
The middle spotted woodpecker lives predominantly on a diet of insects as well as their larvae, which it finds by picking them from branches and twigs rather than hacking them from beneath the bark. It will also feed on tree sap. It is rarely heard drumming, and never for territorial purposes, which it asserts by song; a slow, nasal gvayk gvayk gvayk gvayk gvayk. Calls include a fast kik kekekekek.

Answer: high


Question: What is lacking to show that this bird is breeding in florida?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

The white-faced whistling duck has a peculiar disjunctive distribution, occurring in Africa and South America. It has been suggested that they may have been transported to new locations worldwide by humans. The habitat is still freshwater lakes or reservoirs, with plentiful vegetation, where this duck feeds on seeds and other plant food.
The white-faced whistling duck has escaped or been deliberately released in to Florida, USA, but there is no evidence that the population is breeding and may only persist due to continuing releases or escapes.

Answer: evidence


Question: What is lacking to show that this bird is breeding in florida?

Instruction: Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:

The white-faced whistling duck has a peculiar disjunctive distribution, occurring in Africa and South America. It has been suggested that they may have been transported to new locations worldwide by humans. The habitat is still freshwater lakes or reservoirs, with plentiful vegetation, where this duck feeds on seeds and other plant food.
The white-faced whistling duck has escaped or been deliberately released in to Florida, USA, but there is no evidence that the population is breeding and may only persist due to continuing releases or escapes.

Answer: evidence


Question: What is lacking to show that this bird is breeding in florida?

Instruction: Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:

The white-faced whistling duck has a peculiar disjunctive distribution, occurring in Africa and South America. It has been suggested that they may have been transported to new locations worldwide by humans. The habitat is still freshwater lakes or reservoirs, with plentiful vegetation, where this duck feeds on seeds and other plant food.
The white-faced whistling duck has escaped or been deliberately released in to Florida, USA, but there is no evidence that the population is breeding and may only persist due to continuing releases or escapes.

Answer: evidence


Question: What is lacking to show that this bird is breeding in florida?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

The white-faced whistling duck has a peculiar disjunctive distribution, occurring in Africa and South America. It has been suggested that they may have been transported to new locations worldwide by humans. The habitat is still freshwater lakes or reservoirs, with plentiful vegetation, where this duck feeds on seeds and other plant food.
The white-faced whistling duck has escaped or been deliberately released in to Florida, USA, but there is no evidence that the population is breeding and may only persist due to continuing releases or escapes.

Answer: evidence


Question: What is lacking to show that this bird is breeding in florida?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

The white-faced whistling duck has a peculiar disjunctive distribution, occurring in Africa and South America. It has been suggested that they may have been transported to new locations worldwide by humans. The habitat is still freshwater lakes or reservoirs, with plentiful vegetation, where this duck feeds on seeds and other plant food.
The white-faced whistling duck has escaped or been deliberately released in to Florida, USA, but there is no evidence that the population is breeding and may only persist due to continuing releases or escapes.

Answer: evidence


Question: Along with china, russia and japan, what asian country contains this plant?

Instruction: Obtain documents that correspond to the inquiry alongside the provided image:

Deparia acrostichoides, commonly called silvery glade fern or silvery spleenwort, is a perennial species of fern. Its range include much of the eastern United States and Canada, from Ontario to Nova Scotia, and Georgia to Louisiana and eastern Asia in China, Russia, Japan and Korea. The name silvery comes from the fact that the indusia on the underside of the leaf have a silver color when the sori are close to ripening.

Answer: korea


Question: Along with china, russia and japan, what asian country contains this plant?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

Deparia acrostichoides, commonly called silvery glade fern or silvery spleenwort, is a perennial species of fern. Its range include much of the eastern United States and Canada, from Ontario to Nova Scotia, and Georgia to Louisiana and eastern Asia in China, Russia, Japan and Korea. The name silvery comes from the fact that the indusia on the underside of the leaf have a silver color when the sori are close to ripening.

Answer: korea


Question: Along with china, russia and japan, what asian country contains this plant?

Instruction: Obtain documents that correspond to the inquiry alongside the provided image:

Deparia acrostichoides, commonly called silvery glade fern or silvery spleenwort, is a perennial species of fern. Its range include much of the eastern United States and Canada, from Ontario to Nova Scotia, and Georgia to Louisiana and eastern Asia in China, Russia, Japan and Korea. The name silvery comes from the fact that the indusia on the underside of the leaf have a silver color when the sori are close to ripening.

Answer: korea


Question: Along with china, russia and japan, what asian country contains this plant?

Instruction: With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:

Deparia acrostichoides, commonly called silvery glade fern or silvery spleenwort, is a perennial species of fern. Its range include much of the eastern United States and Canada, from Ontario to Nova Scotia, and Georgia to Louisiana and eastern Asia in China, Russia, Japan and Korea. The name silvery comes from the fact that the indusia on the underside of the leaf have a silver color when the sori are close to ripening.

Answer: korea


Question: Along with china, russia and japan, what asian country contains this plant?

Instruction: Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:

Deparia acrostichoides, commonly called silvery glade fern or silvery spleenwort, is a perennial species of fern. Its range include much of the eastern United States and Canada, from Ontario to Nova Scotia, and Georgia to Louisiana and eastern Asia in China, Russia, Japan and Korea. The name silvery comes from the fact that the indusia on the underside of the leaf have a silver color when the sori are close to ripening.

Answer: korea


Question: What type of plant does this beetle rely on?

Instruction: Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:

It ranges from Oklahoma, central North America, to parts of the southern Appalachian mountains. They tend to be more abundant in the northern part of its range. They can be seen in swampy areas and near streams that support their host plant.

Answer: host


Question: What type of plant does this beetle rely on?

Instruction: Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:

It ranges from Oklahoma, central North America, to parts of the southern Appalachian mountains. They tend to be more abundant in the northern part of its range. They can be seen in swampy areas and near streams that support their host plant.

Answer: host


Question: What type of plant does this beetle rely on?

Instruction: Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:

It ranges from Oklahoma, central North America, to parts of the southern Appalachian mountains. They tend to be more abundant in the northern part of its range. They can be seen in swampy areas and near streams that support their host plant.

Answer: host


Question: What type of plant does this beetle rely on?

Instruction: Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:

It ranges from Oklahoma, central North America, to parts of the southern Appalachian mountains. They tend to be more abundant in the northern part of its range. They can be seen in swampy areas and near streams that support their host plant.

Answer: host


Question: What type of plant does this beetle rely on?

Instruction: Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:

It ranges from Oklahoma, central North America, to parts of the southern Appalachian mountains. They tend to be more abundant in the northern part of its range. They can be seen in swampy areas and near streams that support their host plant.

Answer: host


Question: Is the lectotype of this plant in the Forster collection at Göttingen?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

Dichondra repens was originally described by German naturalists Johann Reinhold Forster and Georg Forster, its specific epithet the Latin adjective repens, meaning "creeping". The lectotype was collected by them in New Zealand and is in the Forster collection at Göttingen. In Convolvulaceae, the Morning Glory Family.

Answer: is


Question: Is the lectotype of this plant in the Forster collection at Göttingen?

Instruction: Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:

Dichondra repens was originally described by German naturalists Johann Reinhold Forster and Georg Forster, its specific epithet the Latin adjective repens, meaning "creeping". The lectotype was collected by them in New Zealand and is in the Forster collection at Göttingen. In Convolvulaceae, the Morning Glory Family.

Answer: is


Question: Is the lectotype of this plant in the Forster collection at Göttingen?

Instruction: Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:

Dichondra repens was originally described by German naturalists Johann Reinhold Forster and Georg Forster, its specific epithet the Latin adjective repens, meaning "creeping". The lectotype was collected by them in New Zealand and is in the Forster collection at Göttingen. In Convolvulaceae, the Morning Glory Family.

Answer: is


Question: Is the lectotype of this plant in the Forster collection at Göttingen?

Instruction: Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:

Dichondra repens was originally described by German naturalists Johann Reinhold Forster and Georg Forster, its specific epithet the Latin adjective repens, meaning "creeping". The lectotype was collected by them in New Zealand and is in the Forster collection at Göttingen. In Convolvulaceae, the Morning Glory Family.

Answer: is


Question: Is the lectotype of this plant in the Forster collection at Göttingen?

Instruction: Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:

Dichondra repens was originally described by German naturalists Johann Reinhold Forster and Georg Forster, its specific epithet the Latin adjective repens, meaning "creeping". The lectotype was collected by them in New Zealand and is in the Forster collection at Göttingen. In Convolvulaceae, the Morning Glory Family.

Answer: is


Question: What color are the flowers of this plant?

Instruction: Obtain documents that correspond to the inquiry alongside the provided image:

Digitalis grandiflora, the yellow foxglove, big-flowered foxglove, or large yellow foxglove, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Digitalis, family Plantaginaceae (formerly Scrophulariaceae). It is native to southern Europe and Asia. In mountains it grows on warm, bushy slopes or areas left after logging. The Latin specific epithet grandiflora means “large flowered”.

Answer: yellow


Question: What color are the flowers of this plant?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

Digitalis grandiflora, the yellow foxglove, big-flowered foxglove, or large yellow foxglove, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Digitalis, family Plantaginaceae (formerly Scrophulariaceae). It is native to southern Europe and Asia. In mountains it grows on warm, bushy slopes or areas left after logging. The Latin specific epithet grandiflora means “large flowered”.

Answer: yellow


Question: What color are the flowers of this plant?

Instruction: Obtain documents that correspond to the inquiry alongside the provided image:

Digitalis grandiflora, the yellow foxglove, big-flowered foxglove, or large yellow foxglove, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Digitalis, family Plantaginaceae (formerly Scrophulariaceae). It is native to southern Europe and Asia. In mountains it grows on warm, bushy slopes or areas left after logging. The Latin specific epithet grandiflora means “large flowered”.

Answer: yellow


Question: What color are the flowers of this plant?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

Digitalis grandiflora, the yellow foxglove, big-flowered foxglove, or large yellow foxglove, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Digitalis, family Plantaginaceae (formerly Scrophulariaceae). It is native to southern Europe and Asia. In mountains it grows on warm, bushy slopes or areas left after logging. The Latin specific epithet grandiflora means “large flowered”.

Answer: yellow


Question: What color are the flowers of this plant?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

Digitalis grandiflora, the yellow foxglove, big-flowered foxglove, or large yellow foxglove, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Digitalis, family Plantaginaceae (formerly Scrophulariaceae). It is native to southern Europe and Asia. In mountains it grows on warm, bushy slopes or areas left after logging. The Latin specific epithet grandiflora means “large flowered”.

Answer: yellow


Question: In what type of climate does this plant grow?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

Digitalis grandiflora, the yellow foxglove, big-flowered foxglove, or large yellow foxglove, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Digitalis, family Plantaginaceae (formerly Scrophulariaceae). It is native to southern Europe and Asia. In mountains it grows on warm, bushy slopes or areas left after logging. The Latin specific epithet grandiflora means “large flowered”.

Answer: warm


Question: In what type of climate does this plant grow?

Instruction: Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:

Digitalis grandiflora, the yellow foxglove, big-flowered foxglove, or large yellow foxglove, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Digitalis, family Plantaginaceae (formerly Scrophulariaceae). It is native to southern Europe and Asia. In mountains it grows on warm, bushy slopes or areas left after logging. The Latin specific epithet grandiflora means “large flowered”.

Answer: warm


Question: In what type of climate does this plant grow?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

Digitalis grandiflora, the yellow foxglove, big-flowered foxglove, or large yellow foxglove, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Digitalis, family Plantaginaceae (formerly Scrophulariaceae). It is native to southern Europe and Asia. In mountains it grows on warm, bushy slopes or areas left after logging. The Latin specific epithet grandiflora means “large flowered”.

Answer: warm


Question: In what type of climate does this plant grow?

Instruction: Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:

Digitalis grandiflora, the yellow foxglove, big-flowered foxglove, or large yellow foxglove, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Digitalis, family Plantaginaceae (formerly Scrophulariaceae). It is native to southern Europe and Asia. In mountains it grows on warm, bushy slopes or areas left after logging. The Latin specific epithet grandiflora means “large flowered”.

Answer: warm


Question: In what type of climate does this plant grow?

Instruction: Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:

Digitalis grandiflora, the yellow foxglove, big-flowered foxglove, or large yellow foxglove, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Digitalis, family Plantaginaceae (formerly Scrophulariaceae). It is native to southern Europe and Asia. In mountains it grows on warm, bushy slopes or areas left after logging. The Latin specific epithet grandiflora means “large flowered”.

Answer: warm


Question: What is this plant in relation to the yellow foxglove?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

Digitalis grandiflora, the yellow foxglove, big-flowered foxglove, or large yellow foxglove, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Digitalis, family Plantaginaceae (formerly Scrophulariaceae). It is native to southern Europe and Asia. In mountains it grows on warm, bushy slopes or areas left after logging. The Latin specific epithet grandiflora means “large flowered”.

Answer: genus


Question: What is this plant in relation to the yellow foxglove?

Instruction: Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:

Digitalis grandiflora, the yellow foxglove, big-flowered foxglove, or large yellow foxglove, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Digitalis, family Plantaginaceae (formerly Scrophulariaceae). It is native to southern Europe and Asia. In mountains it grows on warm, bushy slopes or areas left after logging. The Latin specific epithet grandiflora means “large flowered”.

Answer: genus


Question: What is this plant in relation to the yellow foxglove?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

Digitalis grandiflora, the yellow foxglove, big-flowered foxglove, or large yellow foxglove, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Digitalis, family Plantaginaceae (formerly Scrophulariaceae). It is native to southern Europe and Asia. In mountains it grows on warm, bushy slopes or areas left after logging. The Latin specific epithet grandiflora means “large flowered”.

Answer: genus


Question: What is this plant in relation to the yellow foxglove?

Instruction: Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:

Digitalis grandiflora, the yellow foxglove, big-flowered foxglove, or large yellow foxglove, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Digitalis, family Plantaginaceae (formerly Scrophulariaceae). It is native to southern Europe and Asia. In mountains it grows on warm, bushy slopes or areas left after logging. The Latin specific epithet grandiflora means “large flowered”.

Answer: genus


Question: What is this plant in relation to the yellow foxglove?

Instruction: Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:

Digitalis grandiflora, the yellow foxglove, big-flowered foxglove, or large yellow foxglove, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Digitalis, family Plantaginaceae (formerly Scrophulariaceae). It is native to southern Europe and Asia. In mountains it grows on warm, bushy slopes or areas left after logging. The Latin specific epithet grandiflora means “large flowered”.

Answer: genus


Question: What kind of roots does this plant have?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

It is a herbaceous perennial growing from a short rootstock with fibrous roots.  D. grandiflora  has glossy green, veined leaves, whose flowering stem can reach a height of 70–120 cm (28–47 in). The pale yellow bell-shaped flowers are spaced out on the stem, 3–4 cm (1–2 in) long and show a netted brown marking in their interior. In the wild plants bloom in June and July.

Answer: fibrous


Question: What kind of roots does this plant have?

Instruction: Obtain documents that correspond to the inquiry alongside the provided image:

It is a herbaceous perennial growing from a short rootstock with fibrous roots.  D. grandiflora  has glossy green, veined leaves, whose flowering stem can reach a height of 70–120 cm (28–47 in). The pale yellow bell-shaped flowers are spaced out on the stem, 3–4 cm (1–2 in) long and show a netted brown marking in their interior. In the wild plants bloom in June and July.

Answer: fibrous


Question: What kind of roots does this plant have?

Instruction: Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:

It is a herbaceous perennial growing from a short rootstock with fibrous roots.  D. grandiflora  has glossy green, veined leaves, whose flowering stem can reach a height of 70–120 cm (28–47 in). The pale yellow bell-shaped flowers are spaced out on the stem, 3–4 cm (1–2 in) long and show a netted brown marking in their interior. In the wild plants bloom in June and July.

Answer: fibrous


Question: What kind of roots does this plant have?

Instruction: Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:

It is a herbaceous perennial growing from a short rootstock with fibrous roots.  D. grandiflora  has glossy green, veined leaves, whose flowering stem can reach a height of 70–120 cm (28–47 in). The pale yellow bell-shaped flowers are spaced out on the stem, 3–4 cm (1–2 in) long and show a netted brown marking in their interior. In the wild plants bloom in June and July.

Answer: fibrous