title: "Fokker 50" content: 26.87 m (88.16 ft). It featured a large cargo door on the right side, immediately behind the cockpit, for loading/unloading. Only four examples of the Fokker 60 were ever completed, all of which were delivered to the Royal Netherlands Air Force. All of them were part of 334 Squadron based at Eindhoven Airport. The type was typically used to transport equipment and soldiers, while it was occasionally used for paradrop operations as well. Another 60 were under construction, but ultimately never completed due to Fokker's bankruptcy. In 2005, a pair of Fokker 60s (U-01, U-03) were converted to serve as


title: "Fokker 50" content: maritime patrol aircraft as a temporary solution when it was decided to phase out the Royal Netherlands Navy P-3 Orions as a result of budget cuts. For two years, these aircraft were stationed at Hato AB Curaçao prior to their replacement in the form of civil-operated Bombardier DHC-8 aircraft in October 2007. Due to the Royal Netherlands Air Force having decided to procure two extra Lockheed C-130s, the Fokker 60s were phased out. All four Fokker 60 that were stored at Woensdrecht Air Base were sold to the Peruvian Naval Aviation, the first two planes were delivered on 8 June


title: "Fokker 50" content: 2010 and the second batch of two planes were delivered at the end of 2010. The Fokker 50 is a twin turboprop-powered airliner. It was based on the earlier highly successful Fokker F27 Friendship, specifically the stretched F27-500 model. Structurally, the Fokker 50 owes much to the F27; basic construction of the fuselage, wings and empennage, which made extensive use of composite materials, hot-bonded structures and anti-corrosion treatments, remained mainly unchanged between the two aircraft apart from the strengthening of various sections where required. There were some changes made to specific areas of the aircraft, such as the wing being


title: "Fokker 50" content: equipped with upturned ailerons and wingtips that effectively acted as wing endplates or winglets, it was also fitted with a larger number of smaller windows in the fuselage and a new two-wheel nose gear configuration, the latter enabling stable operations under uneven crosswind conditions. Perhaps the most major design change from the preceding Fokker F27 was the choice of engines used for the Fokker 50. The original Rolls-Royce Dart turboprop engines that had powered various marks of the F27, which had broadly provided between 1,268-1715 kW (1,700-2,300 hp), were replaced by a pair of more fuel efficient Pratt & Whitney


title: "Fokker 50" content: Canada PW124 powerplants, each capable of generating 1,864 kW (2,500 hp) of thrust, which drove sets of six-bladed Dowty Rotol propellers. These slow-turning propellers, along with other measures such as vibration absorbers, eliminate the need for active noise control systems while providing an average cabin noise level of 77 dBs. The Fokker 50, unlike the F27, was furnished with a glass cockpit which incorporated an electronic flight instrument system and an automatic flight control system, the latter being certified for conducting Cat II approaches. The flying controls include a unique single lever that is capable of controlling both engine power


title: "Fokker 50" content: and actuating the variable-pitch propellers, reducing complexity and pilot workload. The cockpit also features an three-stage integrated alerting system that issues warnings to the flying crew. The Fokker 50 can carry up to 62 passengers over a range of 1,080 nm (1,243 mi, 2,000 km ) at a typical speed of 286 knots (530 km/h 329 mph), a 27 knots (31 mph, 50 km/h) increase over the Fokker F27. Typical passenger seating arrangements range from 46-56 passengers, which includes overhead bins and a relatively wide central aisle. The airliner features a total of 4 external doors along with integral airstairs,


title: "Fokker 50" content: which enables quicker turnaround times through the faster egress and boarding of passengers and crew alike. Features such as an auxiliary power unit (APU), new generation slim seating and LED lighting in the cabin are also available as options and can be retrofitted to existing aircraft based upon customer demand. The Fokker 50 is capable of using the majority of airports worldwide, including operations from unpaved surfaces, and has been described as possessing "first-rate short field performance" and capable of performing steep approaches to access airports such as London City Airport. The type has typically been marketed toward replacing older


title: "Fokker 50" content: commuter and regional airliners in the 19-50 seat range. Although of possessing a design heavily dependent upon a previous generation of airliners, the Fokker 50 has often been highly appreciated by owners and pilots alike for its reliability, economics and flight characteristics. According to Fokker Services, the Fokker 50 possesses relatively low operational costs per trip and attributes this to its low maintenance costs, high reliability, competitive support. As of July 2018, 88 Fokker 50 aircraft were in commercial service. Operators with 5 or more aircraft are shown below. The following governments or military operators currently fly the Fokker 50


title: "Fokker 50" content: in passenger or cargo roles: Fokker 50 The Fokker 50 is a turboprop-powered airliner, designed as a refinement of and successor to the highly successful Fokker F27 Friendship. The Fokker 60 is a stretched freighter version of the Fokker 50. Both aircraft were manufactured and supported by Dutch aircraft manufacturer Fokker. The Fokker 50 was developed during the early 1980s following a decline in the sales of the company's earlier F27 Friendship. It was decided that the new airliner would be a derivative of its predecessor, sharing much of its airframe and design features, while incorporating new advances and several


title: "Harold Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Rothermere" content: the appeasement of Nazi Germany, and his were the only major newspapers to advocate an alliance with Germany. For a time in 1934, the Rothermere papers championed the British Union of Fascists (BUF), and were again the only major papers to do so. On 15 January 1934 the "Daily Mail" published a Rothermere-written editorial entitled "Hurrah for the Blackshirts", praising Oswald Mosley for his "sound, commonsense, Conservative doctrine". Rothermere visited and corresponded with Hitler. On 1 October 1938, Rothermere sent Hitler a telegram in support of Germany's invasion of the Sudetenland, and expressing the hope that "Adolf the Great" would


title: "WTII Records" content: from WTII artists Trigger 10d, Am.Psych, Rein[Forced], The Gothsicles, Stiff Valentine, Dead on TV, Stromkern and other local and national acts. Throughout the year there were also performances across the globe from The Gothsicles, The Qualia, Stiff Valentine, Rein[Forced], Method Cell, Klutae and Attrition. The busy year was capped off by an East coast tour from Lowe. The highlight of their tour was a CMJ (College Music Journal) showcase in New York City. To kick off 2012, Stromkern made their long-awaited return with the release of a new EP. The label expansion and diversity continued as they added a mix


title: "Nikolai Andrianov" content: men's record for most individual Olympic medals (12) and shares the male record for most individual Olympic gold medals in gymnastics (6), tied with Boris Shakhlin and Dmitry Bilozerchev (the latter of which only if you count the 1984 Alternate Olympics). In many other rankings among all-time medal winners at the Olympic, World, and European levels, he ranks very high, (for example, he is second only to Vitaly Scherbo in total individual medal counts at either the gold level or any level at the combined Olympic and World levels as well as at the combined Olympic, World, and European levels)


title: "Betula lenta" content: Betula lenta Betula lenta (sweet birch, also known as black birch, cherry birch, mahogany birch, or spice birch) is a species of birch native to eastern North America, from southern Maine west to southernmost Ontario, and south in the Appalachian Mountains to northern Georgia. "Betula lenta" is a medium-sized deciduous tree reaching tall, exceptionally to with a trunk up to diameter. In younger trees the bark is characteristic of most birches, with smooth bark and distinct horizontal lenticels. It is sometimes mistakenly identified as a cherry tree. In older tree specimens the bark (unlike the more commonly known birches) develops


title: "Betula lenta" content: vertical cracks into irregular scaly plates revealing rough dark brown bark patterns. This, however, only occurs in mature, or ancient, trees and these specimens are not often identified by the public as "B. lenta" due to the difference between the tree's smooth young bark (which the public is most familiar with) and the tree's rough, cracked and plated mature bark. The twigs, when scraped, have a strong scent of wintergreen due to methyl salicylate, which is produced in the bark. The leaves are alternate, ovate, long and broad, with a finely serrated margin. The flowers are wind-pollinated catkins long, the


title: "Betula lenta" content: male catkins pendulous, the female catkins erect. The fruit, maturing in fall, is composed of numerous tiny winged seeds packed between the catkin bracts. Seed production mainly occurs in trees that are between 40 and 200 years old, although light crops may occur as early as 15 years and as long as the tree lives. Contrary to common knowledge, the lifespan of "B. lenta" is typically around 200 years, and many individuals will reach 250 and even 300 years. The oldest known "B. lenta" has been confirmed to be 368 years old, and the species may live even longer than


title: "Betula lenta" content: that in an undisturbed ancient forest. Due to the cracking and developing of bark plates, a rough age estimate of "B. lenta" can be determined by how many bark layers a tree has. Generally the tree's smooth young bark begins to split around 40-50 years of age, that then begins to peel off the trunk around the age of 70-80 and is then replaced by another layer of bark, the second set will begin to peel around 130-150, and the third will peel when the tree has reached 200-210 years and achieved old growth status. This will continue to occur


title: "Betula lenta" content: as long as the tree lives, but the individual bark layers become indiscernible after roughly 250 years of age. "Betula lenta" was used commercially in the past for production of oil of wintergreen before modern industrial synthesis of the oil; the tree's name reflects the wintergreen scent of the shoots. The sap flows about a month later than maple sap, and much faster. The trees can be tapped in a similar fashion, but must be gathered about three times more often. Birch sap can be boiled the same as maple sap, but its syrup is stronger (like molasses). The leaves


title: "Betula lenta" content: of this species serve as food for some caterpillars (see List of Lepidoptera that feed on birches) and the solitary leaf-cutter bee "Megachile rubi" cuts pieces from the leaves to line the cells of its nest. Deer do not tend to browse young "B. lenta" allowing trees to grow in areas with high deer populations, "Betula alleghaniensis", a close cousin of "B. lenta," is, however, heavily browsed by deer. This accounts for a lack of "B. alleghaniensis" and an abundance of "B. lenta" where deer populations are high. In abandoned fields, "B. lenta" is often thicket forming and protects trees


title: "Betula lenta" content: not resistant to deer browsing. Betula lenta Betula lenta (sweet birch, also known as black birch, cherry birch, mahogany birch, or spice birch) is a species of birch native to eastern North America, from southern Maine west to southernmost Ontario, and south in the Appalachian Mountains to northern Georgia. "Betula lenta" is a medium-sized deciduous tree reaching tall, exceptionally to with a trunk up to diameter. In younger trees the bark is characteristic of most birches, with smooth bark and distinct horizontal lenticels. It is sometimes mistakenly identified as a cherry tree. In older tree specimens the bark (unlike the


title: "Donar's Oak" content: "Life of Saint Boniface", the felling of the tree occurred during Boniface's life earlier the same century at a location at the time known as "Gaesmere" (for details, see discussion below). Although no date is provided, the felling may have occurred around 723 or 724. Willibald's account is as follows (note that Robinson has translated "robor Iobis", "tree of Jove", as "oak of Jupiter"): Sacred groves and sacred trees were venerated throughout the history of the Germanic peoples and were targeted for destruction by Christian missionaries during the Christianization of the Germanic peoples. Ken Dowden notes that behind this great


title: "E. H. Moore" content: in abstract algebra, proving in 1893 the classification of the structure of finite fields (also called Galois fields). Around 1900, he began working on the foundations of geometry. He reformulated Hilbert's axioms for geometry so that points were the only primitive notion, thus turning David Hilbert's primitive lines and planes into defined notions. In 1902, he further showed that one of Hilbert's axioms for geometry was redundant. Independently, during a course taught by G. B. Halsted, the twenty-year-old R.L. Moore (no relation) also proved this, but in a more elegant fashion than E. H. Moore used. When E. H. Moore


title: "Cognitive load" content: as proposed by British psychologists, Alan Baddeley and Graham Hitch, are in place at 6 years of age. However, there is a clear difference between adult and child knowledge. These differences are due to developmental increases in processing efficiency. Children lack general knowledge, and this is what creates increased cognitive load in children. Children in impoverished families often experience even higher cognitive load in learning environments than those in middle-class families. These children do not hear, talk, or learn about schooling concepts because their parents often do not have formal education. When it comes to learning, their lack of experience


title: "P2 (storage media)" content: for 16 and 32 GB cards. AG-HPX170 (NTSC version) AG-HPX171 (European version) AG-HVX200 AG-HPX250 AG-HVX202AEN HD DVC-PRO AG-HPX300/HPX301 AG-HPX370/371 AG-HPX500/HPX555 AJ-HPX2000(AJ-HPX2100 in Europe) AJ-HPX2700 AJ-HPX3000 AJ-HPX3700 P2 (storage media) P2 (P2 is a short form for "Professional Plug-In") is a professional digital recording solid-state memory storage media format introduced by Panasonic in 2004, and especially tailored to electronic news-gathering (ENG) applications. It features tapeless (non-linear) recording of DV, DVCPRO, DVCPRO25, DVCPRO50, DVCPRO-HD, or AVC-Intra streams on a solid-state flash memory. The P2 card is essentially a RAID of Secure Digital (SD) memory cards with an LSI controller tightly packaged in


title: "Women in Iran" content: work force. Official statistics reported by the Census Bureau suggest that women's labor force participation remains quite low. Women make up almost 30 percent of the Iranian labor force, and the percentage of all Iranian women who are economically active has more than doubled from 6.1 percent in 1986 to 13.7 percent in 2000. In 2004, there were 18 million people employed in Iran, Women made up only 12.9 percent (or roughly 2,160,000) of the employed population. Men on the other hand made up 64 percent, or roughly 11,520,000. The ILO data, however, suggest that female unemployment has been consistently


title: "Cage effect" content: the initial concentration of initiator. Initiator efficiency represents the fraction of primary radicals R·, that actually contribute to chain initiation. Due to the cage effect, free radicals can undergo mutual deactivation which produces stable products instead of initiating propagation - reducing the value of ƒ. Cage effect The cage effect in chemistry describes how the properties of a molecule are affected by its surroundings. First introduced by Franck and Rabinowitch in 1934, the cage effect suggests that instead of acting as an individual particle, molecules in solvent are more accurately described as an encapsulated particle. In order to interact with


title: "Kitchen knife" content: for the peel – and some have a double blade at the inner membrane end, to cut on both sides of the membrane. A chestnut knife is used to score a chestnut with an "X" cut prior to roasting, so that steam does not build up inside and cause the nut to explode. They have very shallow blades so that they can cut through the shell without cutting through the nut inside. A peeler (potato peeler or vegetable peeler) is the most common kitchen tool which is used for peeling the skin of the fruit and vegetables which consists of


title: "Bernadette Mayer" content: Myles took over in 1984. As director, Mayer retooled the marathon reading and worked to get more funding for The Project's programming, including a $10,000 donation from The Grateful Dead. Among other things, Mayer was in part responsible for the implementation of a lecture series and the Monday night reading series, both of which remain a part the Poetry Project's programming schedule today. Mayer ran 0 to 9 magazine with Vito Acconci from 1967 to 1969 and published 6 issues full of content by artists including Robert Barry, Ted Berrigan, Clark Coolidge, John Giorno, Dan Graham, Michael Heizer, Kenneth Koch,


title: "The Amazing Race 9" content: "The Early Show" the morning after the season finale. While it was a total shock to her, Yolanda enthusiastically accepted. This episode also previews their full progress on the final leg of "The Amazing Race", including Yolanda's progress on the roadblock. Joseph & Monica got married a few years after the race ended, but it ended in divorce. Monica remarried Green Bay Packers long snapper Brett Goode. Lisa Hinds died on August 2, 2017, following a battle with cancer, at the age of 60. On August 27, 2006, Season 9 won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Reality-Competition Program, the


title: "Jakun people" content: of the Proto-Malay, whom the 19th century researcher A. R. Wallace called "savage Malays". They are also related to the Orang Laut, another indigenous group that lives along the coasts and depends on fishing. Ordinary Malaysians know little about the Orang Asli and the Jakun people in particular. Traditionally, they are perceived as backward and primitive tribes, and the very name itself, "jakun" carries a derogatory connotation meaning "slaves". Non-Orang Asli Malay language speakers occasionally use the word "Jakun" as an insult for an unsophisticated person. This is considered by some as derogatory and racist. The attitude of the Malay


title: "Black Mesa (Apache-Navajo Counties, Arizona)" content: miles south of the town of Kayenta. Reliable springs surfacing at several locations mean the mesa is more suitable for continuous habitation than much of the surrounding desert area. It is now split between the Hopi and Diné (Navajo) tribal reservations. Black Mesa is also the name of a small Navajo community off BIA-8066, which lies 17 miles west of Rough Rock, 20 miles north of Blue Gap and 25 miles northeast of Pinon. In the area is a local Chapter House and a community school. Since the 1960s the mesa has been strip mined for coal by the Peabody


title: WTXF-TV content: morning newscast (under the title "#Fox29Weekend") at 8:00 a.m., which runs for two hours on Saturdays and one hour on Sundays. In February 2016, the Sunday edition of "Good Day Philadelphia Weekend" was extended to become a 2-hour broadcast and both editions' start times were moved up by an hour to air 7-9am. On August 1, 2016, the station debuted a half-hour newscast at 11 p.m. which is broadcast from a revamped studio that was revealed that same night on the 10 p.m. broadcast. This shorter edition is anchored by Lucy Noland (who co-anchors the 10 p.m. edition alongside Iain


title: K-Love content: guidance. According to the ministry, the pastors and staff at K-Love pray for over 1,000 prayer requests every day, and on average, intervene in one suicide case per day. Requests are submitted online or over the phone. K-Love also partners with other ministries and donates air time and web site space to these ministries. Some of the ministries have included International Cooperating Ministries, Compassion International, Food For The Hungry, Teen Challenge, Cure International and Faith Comes By Hearing. K-Love is governed by the Educational Media Foundation, a 501(c)3 not-for-profit ministry. No individual owns any stock in the corporation, which is


title: "Jog Falls" content: Jog Falls Jog Falls, Gerosoppa Falls or Joga Falls, located in Sagara taluk Shivamogga district, is one of the highest plunge waterfalls in India . It is a segmented waterfall which, depending on rain and season, becomes a plunge waterfall. The falls are a major tourist attraction and is ranked 13th in the world by the waterfall database. They are also known as the Gersoppa Falls or Jogada Gundi. Jog Falls is created by the Sharavathi River dropping 253 m (830 ft), making it the second-highest plunge waterfall in India after the Nohkalikai Falls with a drop of 335 m


title: "Jog Falls" content: (1100 ft) in Meghalaya. Sharavathi, a river which rises at Ambutirtha, next to Nonabur, in the Thirthahalli taluk and takes the northwesterly course by Fatte petta, receives the Haridravati on the right below Pattaguppe and the Yenne Hole on the left above Barangi. On arriving at the frontier it bends to the west, precipitates itself down the Falls of Gersoppa, and passes that village (properly Geru-Sappe), which is some distant, discharging into the sea at Honnavar in Uttara Kannada. The Sharavati, flowing over a very rocky bed about wide, here reaches a tremendous chasm, 290 m (960 ft) deep, and


title: "Jog Falls" content: the water comes down in four distinct falls. The Raja Fall pours in one unbroken column sheer to the depth of 830 ft (250 m). Halfway down it is encountered by the Roarer, another fall, which precipitates itself into a vast cup and then rushes violently downwards at an angle of forty-five degrees to meet the Raja. A third fall, the Rocket, shoots downwards in a series of jets; while the fourth, the Rani, moves quietly over the mountain side in a sheet of foam. The Tourism Department has built steps from the viewpoint to the bottom of the hill


title: "Jog Falls" content: where the waterfall can be seen at the opposite side. There are approximately 1400 steps built to reach the bottom of the hill. A Rock climber: Jyothi Raj has scaled the jog falls. "Joga" is a Kannada word meaning falls. Many Kannada speakers near Sahyadri Mountains such as in Yellapura region still use the word "Joga" to mean falls. The word "Joga" may be related to or a derivative of Kannada word "javugu" which means marsh (wet). Associated with the waterfall is the nearby Linganmakki Dam across river Sharavathi. The power station has been operational since 1948 and is of


title: "Jog Falls" content: 120 MW capacity, one of the largest hydroelectric stations in India at that time and a small source of electric power for Karnataka now. The power station was previously named Krishna Rajendra hydro-electric project, after the King of Mysore at that time. The name was later changed to Mahatma Gandhi Hydro-electric Project. It was served by Hirebhaskara dam until 1960. After 1960, due to the ideas of Sir M. Visvesvarayya, Linganmakki Dam has been used for power generation. For more information check the Jogfalls official website: Before the onset of monsoon season, when there is not much water in the


title: "Jog Falls" content: Linganmakki dam, the Jog Falls are a pair of thin streams of water trickling down the cliff, as the water collected in the dam is exclusively for generation of electricity; during monsoons local rain water is the source of water to the falls. The hydro-electric project was conceived by the government of Mysore in mid-1943. A scheme to generate 64,000 horsepower at a cost of 358 lakh was designed. The capacity was increased subsequently and currently generates 6.7 MW of power. Jog Falls Jog Falls, Gerosoppa Falls or Joga Falls, located in Sagara taluk Shivamogga district, is one of the


title: "Ben Youssef Madrasa" content: Ben Youssef Madrasa The Ben Youssef Madrasa is an Islamic college in Marrakesh, Morocco. Functioning today as an Islamic historical site, the Ben Youssef Madrasa was the largest Islamic college in Morocco during its height. Named after the Almoravid Sultan Ali ibn Yusuf (reigned 1106-1142), who expanded the city of Marrakesh and its influence considerably, the madrasa that stands today was built during the rule of Sa'di Sultan Sidi Abdallah al-Ghalib in the Marinid style. The layout of the building centers around a main courtyard, which is surrounded by east and west open-air galleries and student dormitories on the upper


title: "Ben Youssef Madrasa" content: and lower levels. Like many Islamic buildings, the courtyard is defined by a large shallow reflective pool and intricate ornamentation of various materials, meant to enhance the multi-sensory experience of the building. The Ben Youssef Madrasa was originally founded during the Marinid Islamic dynasty. This dynasty, known for its perpetuation of the arts and literature, ruled from 1196 to 1465 AD. The madrasa is named after the Almoravid Sultan Ali ibn Yusuf (reigned 1106-1142 ad.) However, the current building was constructed by the Saadian Sultan Abdallah al-Ghalib (reign 1557-1574 AD) in 1565, more than 100 years following the death of


title: "Ben Youssef Madrasa" content: bin Yusuf. The structure was likely built on the site of an existing Madrasa sponsored by Ali bin Yusuf. Historically, madrasas have served as a center for learning, worship and community interaction. In addition to teaching Quranic Tasfeer and Islamic jurisprudence, Islamic schools often taught a wide variety of subjects, including literature, science and history. The Ben Youssef Madrasa, in fulfilling these functions, was also one of the largest theological colleges in North Africa, reportedly able to accommodate upwards of 800 students. Closed down in 1960, the building was refurbished and reopened to the public as a historical site in


title: "Ben Youssef Madrasa" content: 1982. The Ben Yusuf Madrasa currently attracts thousands of tourists every year and remains one of the most important historical buildings in Marrakesh. The Ben Youssef madrasa contains a single entrance and leads the visitor through a narrow, fully enclosed corridor which terminates at an open courtyard, where the mihrab of the prayer hall is visible. This process of entry, like in many Islamic buildings, is carefully designed to to inspire revelation and astonishment in an unexpected opening of space into the main courtyard. Like many other Marinid madrasas constructed during the sixtieth century, the layout of the Ben Youssef


title: "Ben Youssef Madrasa" content: madrasa contains student dormitory cells clustered around the first and second levels of the central courtyard which surrounds a reflection pool adorned with two small water features. After it's reconstruction in 1565, the layout of the madrasa was revised and the series student cells, instead of opening directly to the main courtyard, are accessed through an individual duwira. The lower level of the madrasa includes a reflection room and prayer hall while the upper floor consists of bare, unadorned student dormitories. Together, the madrasa consisted of 130 student rooms and housed up to 800 students; making it the largest madrasa


title: "Ben Youssef Madrasa" content: in Morocco. The ornamentation of the Ben Youssef madrasa derives closely from that of earlier Andalusian architecture, which adorns open pavilions with pools, gardens, fountains, and intricately decorated walls of stucco and tile. Embellished by elaborately carved stucco, painted ceramic tiles, and wooden mashrabiyas supported by lentils, the main courtyard of the madrasa communicates a multi-sensory experience for visitors and students. The entrance to this central courtyard is marked by a richly carved wooden door that is framed by a two large, intricately carved layers of stucco. Although the student cells that surround the courtyard have little to no interior


title: "Ben Youssef Madrasa" content: decorative elements, the secondary courtyards boast similar intricacies of ceramic tile work and carved stucco like that of the main courtyard. Ben Youssef Madrasa The Ben Youssef Madrasa is an Islamic college in Marrakesh, Morocco. Functioning today as an Islamic historical site, the Ben Youssef Madrasa was the largest Islamic college in Morocco during its height. Named after the Almoravid Sultan Ali ibn Yusuf (reigned 1106-1142), who expanded the city of Marrakesh and its influence considerably, the madrasa that stands today was built during the rule of Sa'di Sultan Sidi Abdallah al-Ghalib in the Marinid style. The layout of the


title: "Sri Mariamman Temple, Singapore" content: Sri Mariamman Temple, Singapore The Sri Mariamman Temple (Tamil: ஸ்ரீ மாரியம்மன் கோவில்) is Singapore's oldest Hindu temple. It is an agamic temple, built in the Dravidian style. Located at 244 South Bridge Road, in the downtown Chinatown district, the temple serves the majority Hindu Singaporeans, Tamilians, in the city-state. Due to its architectural and historical significance, the temple has been gazetted a National Monument and is a major tourist attraction. Sri Mariamman Temple is managed by the Hindu Endowments Board, a statutory board under the Ministry of Community Development, Youth and Sports. The Sri Mariamman Temple was founded in 1827


title: "Sri Mariamman Temple, Singapore" content: by Naraina Pillai, eight years after the East India Company established a trading settlement in Singapore. Pillai was a government clerk from Penang who arrived in Singapore with Sir Stamford Raffles on his second visit to the island in May 1819. Pillai went on to set up the island's first construction company, and also entered the textile trade. He rapidly established himself in business and was identified as a leader of the Indian community. Initially, the British authorities allotted land for a Hindu temple along Telok Ayer Street. This street ran alongside Telok Ayer Bay, where most early Asian immigrants


title: "Sri Mariamman Temple, Singapore" content: first landed in Singapore, and where they went to pray and give thanks for a safe sea journey. The Thian Hock Keng and Nagore Durgha Shrine, respectively Singapore's earliest Chinese and Indian Muslim places of worship, are located there. However, Telok Ayer Street lacked a convenient source of fresh water which was needed for Hindu temple rituals. The British Resident of Singapore, William Farquhar, then let Naraina Pillai occupy a site near Stamford Canal in 1821. Once again, the site proved unsuitable, this time due to the 1822 Jackson Plan which reserved the Stamford Canal area for other uses. However,


title: "Sri Mariamman Temple, Singapore" content: the plan designated an alternative site next to the existing temple – marked as "Kling Chapel" ("Kling" was an old name for Indians in Singapore and Malaysia, and is now considered derogatory). This site was near the area earmarked for the Indian community. In 1823, the current South Bridge Road site was finally granted to Pillai for the purposes of erecting a Hindu temple. The side streets flanking the temple were later renamed in reference to the temple and its prominent tower – Pagoda Street and Temple Street. Informally, Chinatown residents referred to Pagoda Street in Chinese as "back of


title: "Sri Mariamman Temple, Singapore" content: the Indian place of worship." By 1827, Naraina Pillai had built a simple temple made of wood and attap. In the same year, he installed "Sinna Amman", a small representation of the goddess Mariamman, in the temple. Mariamman is a rural South Indian mother goddess who is especially worshipped for protection against diseases. According to the Hindu Endowments Board, the current managers of the temple, the existing deity in the principal shrine of the temple is the original installed by Pillai in 1827. As is the common practice, the temple is named after its principal deity. The temple was also


title: "Sri Mariamman Temple, Singapore" content: known to devotees over the years as the Sithi Vinayagar and Gothanda Ramaswamy Mariamman Temple or, more simply, Mariamman Kovil ("kovil" being the Tamil word for temple). The temple grounds were expanded in 1831 when private land was donated to the temple. This event is recorded on a stone tablet which still stands in the temple. The text inscribed on this tablet reads: "The grant N:075 With its building transferred for charity sake to Cothunda Ramasamy by Sashasalapilly son of Cuddalore Amicarapoatrapilly Singapore March 1831". The oldest parts of the existing brick structure date to 1843, and additions and alterations


title: "Sri Mariamman Temple, Singapore" content: were subsequently made at various points in the history of the temple. It is believed that most of this work, especially the elaborate plaster sculptures and ornamentation, were produced by skilled craftsmen from the Nagapattinam and Cuddalore districts of Tamil Nadu in South India. A major part of the present structure is believed to have been built in 1862–1863. The walkway connecting the main entrance to the principal shrine was originally covered in attap, but this was destroyed in a fire in 1910. The architectural firm of Swan and Maclaren then designed a more permanent walkway in 1915. The original


title: "Sri Mariamman Temple, Singapore" content: three-tiered "gopuram" (entrance tower) was constructed in 1903. It was slimmer and less richly embellished than the current tower. The sides of the tower also appeared to be more stepped than sloping. Nonetheless, it had an iconic presence in Chinatown, and was a widely recognised landmark. The present six-tiered "gopuram" was built in 1925. It was repaired and restored with an elaborate proliferation of sculptures in the 1960s. In the 1940s there was a well in the temple compound that has since been filled. Sri Mariamman Temple was gazetted a National Monument on 6 July 1973 by the Preservation of


title: "Sri Mariamman Temple, Singapore" content: Monuments Board. More recent works include the addition of a new elevated viewing gallery which is especially popular with spectators during the annual "timiti" (firewalking) festival. Another major addition is a three-storey annexe building sited to the rear of the temple. This annexe has a separate entrance on to Pagoda Street, with an elaborate facade featuring traditional sculptural plasterwork. The spacious building has a fully equipped auditorium and facilities for weddings, multimedia presentations, corporate meetings, seminars and cultural events. From its inception, Sri Mariamman Temple served as a refuge for new immigrants, particularly South Indian Tamil Hindus. Besides providing an


title: "Sri Mariamman Temple, Singapore" content: important place of worship for these immigrants, the temple granted them shelter until they found work and more permanent accommodation. Historically, the temple was the registry of marriages for Hindus. At that time, only the priest of the Sri Mariamman Temple was authorised to solemnise Hindu marriages in Singapore. Today, in addition to its religious services and functions, the temple promotes various social, cultural and educational activities. Built in the South Indian Dravidian style, this temple features a "gopuram" that rises above the main entrance along South Bridge Road. It is richly embellished with six tiers of sculptures of Hindu


title: "Sri Mariamman Temple, Singapore" content: deities, other figures and ornamental decorations. The tower tapers up towards to a moulded ornamental ridge. The scale of each tier and its sculptures is slightly smaller than that of the tier immediately below it. This helps to create the illusion of height and adds to the symbolic importance of the building. Flanking the "gopuram" are a sculpture of Murugan on the right and Krishna on the left (as one enters). The sculptures are all of plaster, which allows for fine detailing. They are painted in a variety of bright colours, which adds to the visually spectacular quality of the


title: "Sri Mariamman Temple, Singapore" content: "gopuram". The floor plan of the "gopuram" base block is rectangular and is bisected by an entrance passageway. The entrance contains a pair of very large double-leaf timber doors. The scale of these doors is intended to induce humility in the visitor and emphasise the diminutive human scale in relation to the divine. The doors are studded with small gold bells arranged in a grid pattern, which devotees are supposed to ring as they move through. Footwear is also stored around the entrance area, as it is not allowed within Hindu temples as a sign of respect. The main entrance


title: "Sri Mariamman Temple, Singapore" content: with the "gopuram" is only one of the entrances into the temple compound, which is surrounded by a perimeter wall. Side openings also exist, which open on to the flanking Pagoda Street and Temple Street. However, these are mainly used as service entrances, with all devotees and visitors entering through the "gopuram" doors. The compound wall is also decorated with ornamental mouldings, as well as figures placed on top of the wall at various points, including several prominent seated cow sculptures. Within the walled compound, the temple comprises a combination of covered halls, shrines and service areas, as well as


title: "Sri Mariamman Temple, Singapore" content: courtyards open to the sky. Leading directly from the "gopuram" entrance through a covered hall is the main prayer area, with richly ornamented columns and ceilings with frescoes. The ceiling paintings include a large mandala diagram. The focus of the main prayer hall is the central shrine of Mariamman, which is flanked by the shrines of two secondary deities, Rama and Murugan. The main prayer hall is surrounded by a series of free-standing shrines, housed in pavilion-like structures with decorated dome roofs, known as "Vimana". These are dedicated to the following deities: Durga, Ganesh, and Shiva. The shrine to Draupadi


title: "Sri Mariamman Temple, Singapore" content: is the second most important in the temple, as she is central to the annual "timiti" or firewalking festival held in this temple. To the left of Draupadi are the five Pandavas from the Mahabharata epic – Yudhishthira, Bhima, Arjuna, Sahadeva and Nakula. They are presided over by Lord Krishna. Another important element of the temple is the free-standing flagpole. A few days before major festivals or ritual ceremonies, a flag is raised here. Once every 12 years, in keeping with Hindu tradition, the temple is reconsecrated. An annual "timiti" or fire walking ceremony is held about a week before


title: "Sri Mariamman Temple, Singapore" content: Deepavali, the Festival of Lights. Sri Mariamman Temple, Singapore The Sri Mariamman Temple (Tamil: ஸ்ரீ மாரியம்மன் கோவில்) is Singapore's oldest Hindu temple. It is an agamic temple, built in the Dravidian style. Located at 244 South Bridge Road, in the downtown Chinatown district, the temple serves the majority Hindu Singaporeans, Tamilians, in the city-state. Due to its architectural and historical significance, the temple has been gazetted a National Monument and is a major tourist attraction. Sri Mariamman Temple is managed by the Hindu Endowments Board, a statutory board under the Ministry of Community Development, Youth and Sports. The Sri Mariamman


title: "Anaerobic digestion" content: and single stage vs. multistage processes. More initial build money and a larger volume of the batch digester is needed to handle the same amount of waste as a continuous process digester. Higher heat energy is demanded in a thermophilic system compared to a mesophilic system and has a larger gas output capacity and higher methane gas content. For solids content, low will handle up to 15% solid content. Above this level is considered high solids content and can also be known as dry digestion. In a single stage process, one reactor houses the four anaerobic digestion steps. A multistage


title: "Veiling-glare laser" content: of Saint Louis University, as suggesting that at the requisite power levels the use of UV wavelengths is in itself questionable and could damage the lens, almost definitely causing cataracts. In addition Professor Stark (an expert in the effects of UV light on eyes) questioned whether the idea could work at all: "My experience suggests that such fluorescence does not cause significant amounts of glare." Veiling-glare laser The veiling-glare laser is a proposed laser dazzler, a non-lethal weapon which would use light in the ultraviolet (UV) range. The intended effect would be to cause fluorescence in the lens of the


title: "Visionary Vehicles" content: Visionary Vehicles V Cars. LLC, called Visionary Vehicles prior to mid-2008, was an international automobile import and distribution company, engaging in the development and sale of Chinese-made motor vehicles in North America. The company closed down prior to ever importing any cars to North America. V Cars was to be the North American distributor of Chery Automobiles. Bricklin's foray with Chery ended in mid-2006 after Chery allegedly used the relationship to enter the US market, then backed out of the contract with VV. In a documentary film (The Entrepreneur) made by his son Johnathan, Malcolm Bricklin is shown with his


title: "Torvill and Dean" content: their new routines in the show and gratified with the verdict that everything is just great, with special accolades going to "Eleanor Rigby". It was their newest routine and it's a very interesting version of the song, undertaken with Paul McCartney, having little relation to the earlier Beatles recording. The version used was from the soundtrack of McCartney's film "Give My Regards to Broad Street. Dean and Torvill hated the movie but really liked that version of the song. Torvill is the fragile title character, clad in muted white with pastel tones across the costume. He is a kind of


title: "Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia" content: Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia The Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia is a twin-turboprop commuter airliner, produced by Embraer of Brazil. After the success of the EMB 110 Bandeirante, Embraer began the development of their first transport category airliner in 1974. The Family 12X comprised three models with modular concept designs: EMB 120 Araguaia, EMB 123 Tapajós and EMB 121 Xingu. EMB 121 was the sole 12X model effectively produced. Araguaia's name was changed to Brasilia in 1979 at the official launching of the project, when at a CAAA (Commuter Airline Association of America) convention at USA several suggestions from prospective operators


title: "Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia" content: were collected and incorporated to EMB 120 design. Thus, a completely new aircraft – no longer related to the 12X family – was launched. No common parts from EMB 121 Xingu were used, and the capacity was revised from 24 to 30 seats. Originally designed to utilise the new 1500 shp Pratt & Whitney Canada PW115 turboprop, it was later upgraded to the 1892 eshp PW118. The Brasilia attracted immediate interest from many regional airlines, particularly in the US. The size, speed and ceiling allowed faster and more direct services around the US and Europe, compared to similar aircraft. The


title: "Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia" content: first aircraft entered service with Atlantic Southeast Airlines in October 1985. The basic EMB 120RT was upgraded to the extended range (1,575 km) EMB 120 ER, with older aircraft retrofitted via a Service Bulletin. Most of the EMB 120s were sold in the United States and other destinations in the Western Hemisphere. Some European airlines such as Régional in France, Atlant-Soyuz Airlines in Russia, DAT in Belgium, and DLT in Germany also purchased EMB-120s, although the Angolan Air Force, for example, received new EMB 120s in 2007. Great Lakes Airlines operates six EMB 120s in its fleet, and Ameriflight flies


title: "Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia" content: 10 as freighters. As of July 2018, 105 Brasilias were in airline service: 45 in North/South America, 26 in Africa, 14 in Europe and 20 in Asia-Pacific, with major operators: Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia The Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia is a twin-turboprop commuter airliner, produced by Embraer of Brazil. After the success of the EMB 110 Bandeirante, Embraer began the development of their first transport category airliner in 1974. The Family 12X comprised three models with modular concept designs: EMB 120 Araguaia, EMB 123 Tapajós and EMB 121 Xingu. EMB 121 was the sole 12X model effectively produced. Araguaia's name


title: "9th Army (Wehrmacht)" content: stubborn Soviet resistance. The Germans suffered severe losses in men and large parts of the 9th Army's troops were reallocated to the other depleted German Armies. The 9th Army remained in defensive positions in 1942, dug in 200 miles outside of Moscow as the Germans concentrated their offensive in Southern Russia. As the tide of the battle turned in Southern Russia, the Soviets launched Operation Mars, a major offensive against Army Group Center. The well dug in positions of Army Group Center defeated the Soviet offensive with heavy casualties. The Germans tried again in 1943 to regain the momentum in


title: WCAU content: (behind Fox O&O WTXF-TV) to expand its weekday morning newscast to three hours, with addition of a half-hour at 4:00 a.m., but however they canceled it in 2016, and they revived it on July 31, 2017. In conjunction with this, they switched its music to the "L.A. Groove" theme that has been in use by sister stations KNBC in Los Angeles, KNSD in San Diego, KNTV in San Francisco and by WNBC in New York City (in the case of WNBC, it no longer uses "L.A. Groove" as its news theme as of 2016). On July 11, 2016 beginning with


title: "Arm wrestling" content: Arm wrestling Arm wrestling is a sport involving two participants. Each places one arm on a surface with their elbows bent and touching the surface, and they grip each other's hand. The goal is to pin the other's arm onto the surface, the winner's arm over the loser's arm. In the early years different names were interchangeably used to describe the same sport: "arm turning", "arm twisting", "arm wrestling", "indian arm wrestling", "twisting wrists", "wrist turning", "wrist wrestling". Organized armwrestling tournaments started being held in the 1950s. Various factors can play a part in one's success in arm wrestling. Technique


title: "Arm wrestling" content: and overall arm strength are the two greatest contributing factors to winning an arm wrestling match. Other factors such as the length of an arm wrestler's arm, his/her muscle and arm mass/density, hand grip size, wrist endurance and flexibility, reaction time, as well as countless other traits, can add to the advantages of one arm wrestler over another. It is sometimes used to prove who is stronger between two or more people. In "competitive arm wrestling", as sanctioned by the United States Armwrestling Federation (USAF), arm wrestling is performed with both competitors standing up with their arms placed on a


title: "Arm wrestling" content: "tournament arm wrestling table". Arm wrestling tournaments are also divided into weight classes as well as left and right-handed divisions. Furthermore, strict rules such as fouls given to penalties (such as the competitor's elbow leaving a matted area where the elbow is to remain at all times, or a false start), and trying to escape a possible arm pin by breaking the grip with the opponent may result in a loss at the table. Paraphrasing USAF rules, arm wrestlers must straighten their wrists without a time lapse of one minute during competition. The World Armwrestling Federation (WAF) is the universally


title: "Arm wrestling" content: recognized global governing body of professional arm wrestling and comprises 80 member countries. Some noted top arm wrestling competitors include John Brzenk (hailed as the greatest arm wrestler of all time), Alexey Voyevoda, Zaur Tskhadadze, Travis Bagent, Denis Cyplenkov, Andriy Pushkar, Oleg Zhokh, Tim Bresnan, Devon Larratt, Ion Oncescu, Neil Pickup, and Jerry Cadorette. Allen Fisher is of high acclaim, for he has won 26 world championships . He is one of the oldest multiple world champion title holders in the sport of arm wrestling at 55 years of age in the year 2011. Heidi Andersson is a female armwrestler


title: "Arm wrestling" content: from Sweden who has won eleven world championships between 1998 and 2014. John Brzenk was known mostly for his array of techniques which change almost every time he engaged in competition, even with the same opponent within the same match. As of summer 2008, John Brzenk was ranked #1 in North America. Ron Bath is known for his use of the Top Roll technique which emphasizes a 'roll' of the wrist as he brings the opponent's wrist down. Devon Larratt is very well known for his endurance and tenacity. He uses a wide array of techniques during his matches, one


title: "Arm wrestling" content: of them being holding the first "hit" of his opponents and draining them out, and then counter attacking afterwards. He is the 2017 WAL (World Armwrestling League) Heavyweight champion left and right handed. Travis Bagent, like Brzenk, was known for his wide array of techniques, coupled with his massive strength and explosive style. Many of Bagent's matches have ended in seconds. Bagent was considered the best left-handed arm wrestler in the world and ranked second overall in North America, as of summer of 2008. Other competitors such as Matt Girdner, Michael Selearis, Sean Madera, Marcio Barboza, Christian Binnie, and Anthony


title: "Arm wrestling" content: Macaluso are known for their reliance on strength, coupled with the hook technique, where the wrist turns into a hooked grip after the referee has started the match. "The hook" or "hooking" is any move derived from the inside system of arm wrestling. The second generic system or style of arm wrestling is known as outside arm wrestling "the top roll" or "top rolling", while the "triceps press", "shoulder pressing", or "shoulder rolling" is often described as the third generic system or style of arm wrestling. Certain arm wrestlers depend on the straps, such as Jason Vale, who won the


title: "Arm wrestling" content: 1997 Petaluma World Championships in the super heavy weight class at only 175 pounds using the strap technique. Many arm wrestlers will have a signature style or favourite technique, while others have enjoyed success by becoming extremely well rounded. Within each of the three broad technical systems of arm wrestling there are numerous clearly identifiable techniques which have been developed and enhanced over time. Great Britain's most successful arm wrestler and former two time European and World Middleweight Champion Neil Pickup is one of today's leading arm wrestlers, widely recognized as having originated and developed techniques to suit the genetic


title: "Arm wrestling" content: make up of individual arm wrestlers. Neil Pickup has enjoyed an amateur and professional career spanning more than 20 years, during which time he has won more than 60 International titles across five different weight classes on both his right and left arms. He has also trained numerous world champions, both male and female. This success has been largely attributed to his technical prowess, experience, and understanding of the athlete's whole body as a lever. Arm wrestling puts enormous torque/torsion stress on the upper arm's humerus bone to a degree seen in few other physical activities. Most people's bones are


title: "Arm wrestling" content: not accustomed to being significantly stressed in this direction, and injuries can occur. The arm typically fails because of a diagonal break at or below the midpoint between the shoulder and the elbow; this is known as the 'break arm' position. Shoulder injuries are also common. Arm wrestling Arm wrestling is a sport involving two participants. Each places one arm on a surface with their elbows bent and touching the surface, and they grip each other's hand. The goal is to pin the other's arm onto the surface, the winner's arm over the loser's arm. In the early years different


title: "John de la Pole, 1st Earl of Lincoln" content: successful is not known, but has been widely suspected by historians. He was defeated and killed at the Battle of Stoke in 1487. John de la Pole was the eldest son of John de la Pole, 2nd Duke of Suffolk and Elizabeth of York, Duchess of Suffolk. His father was the son of Alice Chaucer, granddaughter of Geoffrey Chaucer. His mother was the sixth child and third daughter born to Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York and Cecily Neville. He was thus the nephew of the Yorkist kings Edward IV of England and his successor Richard III of England. John's


title: "Lazic War" content: that time, in order to foster their influence over the local monarchy, the Byzantines had insisted on the conversion of the King, Tzath I: he received both baptism and royal attributes in Constantinople, from Emperor Justin I (Justinian's predecessor), in 522/3. Byzantine garrisons were stationed in Lazica and in neighboring Abasgia, mostly in the coastal cities of Poti, Sebastopolis and Pityus. The kingdom's capital, Archaeopolis, was fortified, as well as the southern access to the kingdom on the coastal road at Petra (present-day Tsikhisdziri, north of Batumi). In 536, however, the Byzantine presence turned into a full protectorate, as the


title: "Karnak (comics)" content: is capable of shattering substances up to and including mild steel and rendering superhuman opponents unconscious by striking them. Like all Inhumans, Karnak's immune system is weaker than that of an average human. Karnak has received his fighting skills as a result of Inhuman royal militia training. He is also a graduate of the religious seminary, at the Tower of Wisdom in Attilan. He uses a hover-platform for transportation designed by Inhuman technicians. In "Amalgam Comics", Triserinak - a combination of DC's Serifan and Marvel's Triton and Karnak - is a member of the superhero group Un-People in Amalgam Comics


title: "Budapest Ferenc Liszt International Airport" content: Airport is as follows: AviAlliance (52.666%) owned by PSP Investments, Canada, Malton Investment (22.167%) owned by GIC Special Investments, Singapore, Caisse de depôt et placement de Québec, Canada (20.167%) and KfW IPEX-Bank, Germany (5%). In 2014 Emirates opened daily flights to Dubai, UAE using the Boeing 777-300ER aircraft. It was followed by Air China's flights to Beijing Capital and an Air Transat connection to Toronto Pearson, both using the Airbus A330. As a response to that Air Canada started their operation to Budapest by Air Canada Rouge operated by the Boeing 767-300. By 2017 Air Canada Rouge has taken over


title: "Bigbang (Norwegian band)" content: is a performance of "Girl in Oslo" featuring five drummers, one of whom being Thor S. Greni. In 2004 bassist Eilertsen departed from the band in order to focus on the group The National Bank, and former bassist Erik Tresselt returned to the band. With the April 2005 release of "Poetic Terrorism", the band again utilised their own independent label Grand Sport in Norway, maintaining the role of Warner Music was for international and not domestic use. Shortly after the release of the 2005 EP, Erik Tresselt left the band for the second time, and was replaced by Jarle Bernhoft,


title: "National identification number" content: the transition from SOFI to BSN by issuing a new number to people having a duplicate one. The number does not contain any information about the person to whom it is assigned (i.e. no information, such as gender or date of birth, can be derived from a BSN). Norway's eleven-digit birth number ("fødselsnummer") is assigned at birth, or on migration into the country. The register is maintained by the Norwegian Tax Office. The number has been in use since the 1960s and was first introduced to the public in 1968. The number is not as widely and openly used as


title: "John Ireland (politician)" content: railroad stocks, and during the Panic of 1893, he lost all of his holdings. He died on March 15, 1896, and is interred at the Texas State Cemetery in Austin. John Ireland (politician) John Ireland (January 1, 1827March 15, 1896) was the 18th Governor of Texas from 1883 to 1887. During Ireland's term, the University of Texas was established, and construction on the Texas State Capitol began. Ireland is credited with the selection of local pink granite as the construction material. Ireland was born on January 1, 1827 in Hart County, Kentucky to Irish immigrants Patrick Ireland and the former


title: "Daniel Cabrera" content: A. J. Burnett of the Florida Marlins. These trade rumors never reached fruition, however, and Burnett and Cabrera both remained with their respective teams for the duration of the season. Cabrera once again demonstrated his potential in 2006 with some dominating performances against major-league caliber rosters while pitching in the WBC. Many baseball experts, including ESPN analysts Rob Neyer and Peter Gammons, predicted a breakout season for Cabrera in . However, on July 14, 2006, Cabrera, after showing inconsistency at the major league level (leading the majors in both walks (75) and wild pitches (13)), was optioned to Triple-A Ottawa.


title: "1992 Los Angeles riots" content: Edward Park the 1992 violence stimulated a new wave of political activism among Korean-Americans, but it also split them into two camps. The liberals sought to unite with other minorities in Los Angeles to fight against racial oppression and scapegoating. The conservatives emphasized law and order and generally favored the economic and social policies of the Republican Party. The conservatives tended to emphasize the political differences between Koreans and other minorities, specifically African Americans. An article from the Los Angeles Times on June 18, 1991 highlights the growing violence prior to the riots. "Other recent incidents include the May 25


title: "Sunshine of Your Love" content: rock music, they began pursuing a more overtly psychedelic direction. "Sunshine of Your Love" began as a bass phrase or riff developed by Cream bassist Jack Bruce. Cream attended a concert on 29 January 1967 by the Jimi Hendrix Experience at the Saville Theatre in London. Cream guitarist Eric Clapton elaborated in a 1988 "Rolling Stone" magazine interview: Music writers Covach and Boone describe the riff as blues-derived, which uses a minor blues pentatonic scale with an added flattened fifth note (or common blues scale). The song follows a blues chord progression (I–IV–I) during the first eight bars. Brown had


title: "Salvia apiana" content: Salvia apiana Salvia apiana, the white sage, bee sage, or sacred sage, is an evergreen perennial shrub that is native to the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, found mainly in the coastal sage scrub habitat of Southern California and Baja California, on the western edges of the Mojave and Sonoran deserts. "Salvia apiana" is a shrub that reaches tall and wide. The whitish evergreen leaves have oils and resins that release a strong aroma when rubbed. The flowers are very attractive to bees, which is described by the specific epithet, "apiana". Several flower stalks, sometimes pinkish colored, grow above


title: "Salvia apiana" content: the foliage in the spring. Flowers are white to pale lavender. Names for white sage in local Native American languages include "qaashil" (Luiseño), "shlhtaay" or "pilhtaay" (Kumeyaay), "kasiile" (Tongva), "we'wey" (Chumash), "qas'ily" (Cahuilla), "shaltai" (Paipai), and "lhtaay" (Cochimí). White sage is a common plant that requires well-drained dry soil, full sun, and little water. The plant occurs on dry slopes in coastal sage scrub, chaparral, and yellow-pine forests of Southern California to Baja California at less than elevation. "Salvia apiana" is widely used by Native American groups on the Pacific coast of the United States. The seed was a main


title: "Salvia apiana" content: ingredient of pinole, a staple food. The Cahuilla harvested large quantities of the seed that was mixed with wheat flour and sugar for gruel or biscuits. The leaves and stems were eaten by the Chumash and other tribes. Several tribes used the seed for removing foreign objects from the eye, similar to the way that Clary sage seeds were used in Europe. A tea from the roots was used by the Cahuilla women for healing and strength after childbirth. The leaves are also burnt by many native American tribes, with the smoke used in different purification rituals. Smudging with white


title: "Salvia apiana" content: sage, has been adopted in some variant forms into a number of modern belief systems, including many forms of New Age and eclectic Neopagan spirituality, such as modern Wicca. Over harvest of wild white sage populations is a concern held by many Native American groups and conservationists. Over harvesting can negatively affect the wild population and distribution of white sage. It is believed that illegal harvest is occurring on public lands and non-permitted harvesting on the private land of others. In June 2018, four people were arrested for the illegal harvest of 400 pounds of white sage in North Etiwanda


title: "Salvia apiana" content: Preserve of Rancho Cucamonga, California . Deputies said in a statement that white sage is protected by the Endangered Species Act, which is a common misconception. Collecting plants without permission from a landowner or land manager is illegal . Although white sage is not listed on the Endangered Species List , conservationists are still concerned about the future survival and distribution of the species. The over harvest of the species is commonly attributed to the increased popularity of new age spiritual practices that borrow the use of white sage from Native American cultures. White sage smudge sticks and other products


title: "Salvia apiana" content: containing white sage are now commercially available at many mainstream stores such as Urban Outfitters, Whole Foods, and Walmart. Although some companies harvest white sage legally and sustainably in privately owned open space or from farmed white sage, it is difficult to know whether it was harvested ethically or not. Cultural appropriation of Native American culture is another controversial issue surrounding the newfound popularity of white sage in spiritual practices. Many Native American activists and activists groups believe that the use of white sage by new age spiritual groups adopts from their culture without proper knowledge and respect of the


title: "Salvia apiana" content: culture. Although some mainstream stores still sell white sage smudge sticks, in some instances, activist groups have been successful in efforts to have white sage products removed from mainstream markets on the basis of cultural appropriation. In October 2018 Anthropologie listed an item called "Cleansing a space ritual kit" made by the company Elements of Aura. The kit contained a white sage smudge stick and an abalone shell, among other items. Various indigenous arts and culture activists and activist groups used instagram to mobilize people to voice their opposition to the product being sold. The next day Anthropologie removed the


title: "Salvia apiana" content: item from its shop and said "no offence was intended" . "Salvia apiana" prefers a sunny location, well draining soil, and good air circulation. It easily hybridizes with other "Salvia" species, particularly "Salvia leucophylla" and "Salvia clevelandii". Bumblebees, hawk moths, and wasps pollinate white sage, and hummingbirds also appear to like the plant. Salvia apiana Salvia apiana, the white sage, bee sage, or sacred sage, is an evergreen perennial shrub that is native to the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, found mainly in the coastal sage scrub habitat of Southern California and Baja California, on the western edges of


title: "1938–39 in the Spanish Civil War" content: 1938–39 in the Spanish Civil War "This article covers the Spanish Civil War in the period from the start of 1938 to the end of 1939. For a historical context, see Timeline of Spanish history#20th century." By this period, Francisco Franco had already become dominant, yet the outcome of the war was still not certain. This was to progressively change as the Nationalist forces notched up several victories. The Battle of Teruel was an important confrontation between Nationalists and Republicans. The city belonged to the Republicans at the beginning of the battle, but the Nationalists conquered it in January. The


title: "Snake Eyes (film)" content: police and a news crew with no way out, Kevin commits suicide in view of the live news feed. Rick is later hailed as a hero, but the press soon uncovers his corruption and he loses his job and family. Before reporting for his prison term, Rick meets Julia on the boardwalk. She thanks him for his help, as Powell is completely restructuring his company and scrapping the AirGuard. Rick promises to call when he gets out in twelve to eighteen months. Ultimately, Serena's ruby ring is seen embedded in one of the concrete pillars of the new Powell Millennium


title: "Peter Preston (politician)" content: Peter Preston (politician) Peter Langdon Preston (June 3, 1935 – October 14, 2016) was a Canadian politician in Ontario. He was a Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1995 to 1999. He represented the riding of Brant—Haldimand. He died at his residence, in Hamilton, on October 16, 2016. Preston was a non-commissioned officer with the Royal Canadian Engineers for a number of years. He also worked in sales and management insurance, and founded Preston House in 1984 as a group home for boys aged twelve to eighteen. He also founded the Rocking P Peruvian Ranch, where


title: Gottschalks content: sale (POS) "wands" that read bar codes and store credit cards. This technology helped increase efficiency, reduce errors, and keep inventory and customer billing up to date. The number of Gottschalks units doubled from nine in 1985 to 18 in 1988 and annual revenues increased from $112 million to $196 million in the process. Part of this growth came via the acquisition of two small family-run department store chains in 1987 and 1988. Totaling $11 million, the purchases of the privately held Malcolm Brock and Samuel Leask & Sons chains added five stores. The chain also refined its specialty store


title: "Transportation Communications International Union" content: 1983. Its members now constitute System Board 555 and, like other groups within the union, operate under their own by-laws. The Brotherhood of Railway Carmen was founded on September 9, 1890, in Topeka, Kansas, by railroad employees engaged in the repair and inspection of railroad cars. In the years before merging with TCU, the brotherhood remained active in the realm of organized rail labor. Their main achievement during this era was the amendment of the Railway Retirement Act of 1937, which was signed by President Roosevelt and established a railroad retirement system, separate from the social security program. This act


title: "Catlett, Virginia" content: of the Confederacy and the Union's Major General John Pope. The Confederates raided the Union camp at Catlett on August 22, 1862, in an effort to disrupt the Union's rail supply lines. Stuart and his men began their attack during what Stuart referred to as the "darkest night I ever knew". He and his men rode into town and using sabers and fire were able to destroy the Federal encampment, cut telephone wires, obtain wagons-full of supplies and capture almost 300 Union troops, but were unable to destroy the railroad bridge on the outskirts of the town. A heavy thunderstorm


title: "Tree of Jesse" content: Church, Buckfast Abbey, Devon The church was rebuilt on medieval foundations between 1905 and 1937. The marble floor of the Lady chapel depicts the Tree of Jesse made in the Abbey's own workshops in Byzantine style mosaic. The Church of the Nativity, Bethlehem, Palestinian Territories A large bas-relief of the Tree of Jesse by religious sculptor Czesław Dźwigaj was incorporated into the Church of St. Catherine within the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem in 2009, as the gift of Pope Benedict XVI during his trip to the Holy Land. Measuring 3.25 metres wide by 4 metres high, its focus


title: "Mersey Beat" content: used for photos, as they were too expensive for the fledgling company at the time. Harry also borrowed blocks from the "Widnes Weekly News", "Pantosphinx" and local cinemas, but contributed to charities by printing free charity advertisements at the side of the front cover page. After taking Virginia home to Bowring Park in the evening, Harry would often return to the office and work throughout the night, pausing only to go to the Pier Head to buy a cup of tea and a hot pie at four in the morning. Virginia's parents helped the paper during this time, as they


title: "Crested pigeon" content: Crested pigeon The crested pigeon ("Ocyphaps lophotes") is a bird found widely throughout mainland Australia except for the far northern tropical areas. Only two Australian pigeon species possess an erect crest, the crested pigeon and the spinifex pigeon. The crested pigeon is the larger of the two species. The crested pigeon is sometimes referred to as a topknot pigeon, a common name shared with the reddish crested "Lopholaimus antarcticus" of Eastern Australia. Ocyphaps lophotes is a species of Columbidae (pigeons and doves), formally described in 1822 by Temminck. The population is circumscribed by a monotypic genus, Ocyphaps, named by G.R.


title: "Crested pigeon" content: Gray in 1842. Two subspecies have been named, the nominate, and a population, with slight differences in appearance, The species has also been placed as "Geophaps", perhaps allied with "Geophaps plumifera". Common names for the species, aside from crested or topknot pigeon, characterise them as a bronzewing or dove that is likewise distinguished by the crest. The length of the crested pigeon varies from 30 to 34 cm (12 to 13.6 in). Colouration is grey with tinges of brown and green. It has a feathered but slender, black spike on top of the head. It runs with the crest erect.


title: "Crested pigeon" content: The periorbital skin is bright orange. Wings have black stripes and are bronzed, while the primary feathers have colourful areas of brown, purple, blue, and green. Immature birds have duller colours with no bronzing on the wings. The birds can be normally seen in two sizes, they can be thin or plumped. It is almost impossible to tell if a crested pigeon is male or female, because they have the same plumage. If startled, the crested pigeon takes to the air with a distinctive whistling 'call', the source of the noise can be attributed to the way the air rushes


title: "Crested pigeon" content: over a modified primary feather found on the wings. The Crested Pigeon is found in lightly wooded grasslands in both rural and urban areas, but they can also be seen at watercourses, homestead gardens, pastoral areas, sports grounds, and golf courses. Their habitat has expanded rapidly since settlement has produced pastoral lands (previously they were only found in inland and Western Australia). Foraging for grains, they have adapted to grain farming areas, often feeding on the noxious weed of Echium plantagineum. Their most distinctive behaviour is the beating and whistling sound their wings make when they take off. This is


title: "Crested pigeon" content: most likely to draw the attention of predators to birds on the wing, and away from any birds remaining on the ground, and as an alarm call to other pigeons. When the birds land, their tails tilt upwards and the flight patterns are similar to those of the spotted turtle dove. They are generally solitary. Although they can be seen in pairs, they can be highly social and tend to be seen in flocks. They are highly gregarious birds when in contact with humans. While they breed throughout the year, it is more common in the warmer months. Males approach


title: "Crested pigeon" content: females and begin an elaborate mating dance; they bob their bodies up and down, while opening and closing their wings like a fan with each bob. This is accompanied by a soft hooting which is timed with the bobbing. If the female is interested, she remains generally stationary as the male approaches, until copulation is attempted. Nesting usually occurs in shrubs or trees. Nests usually consist of a platform of twigs. They lay two oval, white, glossy eggs. The eggs usually hatch 3 weeks after they were laid. Both parents incubate the eggs. Crested pigeon The crested pigeon ("Ocyphaps lophotes")


title: "Taylor Cole" content: episode "Clip Show". She has played guest roles in the CBS' show "NUMB3RS". Cole has appeared in an episode of "" as Bianca. Taylor stars as Desiree in the horror remake, "April Fool's Day". Cole had a part in the film "12 Rounds", produced by WWE films and starring John Cena. In December 2008, Cole appeared as Private Rachel Mills in the "Heroes" webisode series, "The Recruit", and subsequently joined the main series in a recurring capacity playing the same character as at the start of 2009. She stars alongside Tiffany Shepis in "The Violent Kind". She played the role


title: "Taylor Cole" content: of "Hot Neighbor" in the short-lived TV show "Secret Girlfriend" in 2009. In April 2010, she guest starred in the "NCIS" episode "Guilty Pleasure" as DC escort Charlotte Cook. From September 2010 to May 2011, she starred in "The Event" as Vicky Roberts, an assassin for a covert organization. In October 2011, she starred in the music video for "The Walk" by Mayer Hawthorne. In November 2011, she was cast in "" in the recurring role of Samantha Owens, a lab technician. Taylor Cole Taylor Quinn Cole (born April 29, 1984) is an American actress and former fashion model. Cole


title: "History of Dallas" content: million at the time of the flood. After the flood, the city wanted to take action to control the Trinity and to build a bridge linking Oak Cliff and Dallas. In 1911, George Kessler, a city planner, created a plan for both the Trinity and the city. His plans were initially ignored but ultimately brought back, updated, in the 1920s. By the 1930s, many of his plans had been realized. The expansion of industrial jobs attracted migrants from across the region, as well as waves of immigrants, first from southern and eastern Europe. The area bordered by Maple Avenue, McKinney


title: "Gwenllian of Wales" content: only to prevent her from marrying and having sons who might lay claim to the Principality of Wales, but also to hide her away, unknown to the outside world. He chose Sempringham Priory in Lincolnshire because of its remote location and because the Gilbertines were an order in which nuns were hidden from view behind high walls. Gwenllian's royal rank was acknowledged at least once by the English Crown. When writing to the Pope, attempting to secure more money for Sempringham Priory from the Church, the English king stated that "...herein is kept the Princess of Wales, whom we have


title: "Kenny Perry" content: Kenny Perry James Kenneth Perry (born August 10, 1960) is an American professional golfer who currently plays on the PGA Tour Champions. He won 14 PGA Tour events and has won nine PGA Tour Champions events including four senior major championships: the 2013 Constellation Senior Players Championship, the 2013 U.S. Senior Open, the 2014 Regions Tradition, and the 2017 U.S. Senior Open. Perry was born in Elizabethtown, Kentucky and raised in Franklin, Kentucky. His parents are Ken and Mildred Perry. He was introduced to the game of golf by his father at the age of seven. He started his high


title: Honeycreeper content: Honeycreeper The typical honeycreeper is a small bird in the tanager family. They are found in the tropical New World from Mexico south to Brazil. They occur in the forest canopy, and, as the name implies, they are specialist nectar feeders with long curved bills. The four "Cyanerpes" species have colourful legs, long wings and a short tail. The males are typically glossy purple-blue and the females greenish. The green honeycreeper is called a honeycreeper, but belongs to the monotypic genus "Chlorophanes". It has a larger, stouter beak than the "Cyanerpes" group, and is less heavily dependent on nectar. The


title: Honeycreeper content: golden-collared honeycreeper, is also a honeycreeper, but is monotypic in the genus "Iridophanes". A commonly repeated, yet false, belief about the various honeycreeper species is that some of them lay black eggs. This idea was first made known in the scientific community with the 1899 publication of Nehrkorn's egg catalog; Nehrkorn's claim was cited in ornithological literature for many years without verification, but by the 1940s it was established that none of the members of "Cyanerpes" lay such eggs. Honeycreeper The typical honeycreeper is a small bird in the tanager family. They are found in the tropical New World from


title: "Green honeycreeper" content: Green honeycreeper The green honeycreeper ("Chlorophanes spiza") is a small bird in the tanager family. It is found in the tropical New World from southern Mexico south to Brazil, and on Trinidad. It is the only member of the genus Chlorophanes. The purplish honeycreeper ("Chlorophanes purpurascens"), a bird from Venezuela known only from the type specimen, is now thought to be an intergeneric hybrid between the green honeycreeper and either the red-legged honeycreeper or the blue dacnis. The green honeycreeper is 13–14 cm (5-5.5 in) long and weighs 14 to 23 grams, averaging about 19 grams. It has a long


title: "Green honeycreeper" content: decurved bill. The male is mainly blue-tinged green with a black head and a mostly bright yellow bill. The female green honeycreeper is grass-green, paler on the throat, and lacks the male's iridescence and black head. Immatures are plumaged similar to females. The call is a sharp "chip". This is a forest canopy species. The female green honeycreeper builds a small cup nest in a tree, and incubates the clutch of two brown-blotched white eggs for 13 days. It is less heavily dependent on nectar than the other honeycreepers, fruit being its main food (60%), with nectar (20%) and insects


title: "Green honeycreeper" content: (15%) as less important components of its diet. Green honeycreeper The green honeycreeper ("Chlorophanes spiza") is a small bird in the tanager family. It is found in the tropical New World from southern Mexico south to Brazil, and on Trinidad. It is the only member of the genus Chlorophanes. The purplish honeycreeper ("Chlorophanes purpurascens"), a bird from Venezuela known only from the type specimen, is now thought to be an intergeneric hybrid between the green honeycreeper and either the red-legged honeycreeper or the blue dacnis. The green honeycreeper is 13–14 cm (5-5.5 in) long and weighs 14 to 23 grams,


title: "Tanacetum parthenium" content: Tanacetum parthenium Tanacetum parthenium, known as feverfew or bachelor's buttons, is a flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae. It is a traditional medicinal herb which is commonly used to prevent migraine headaches, and is also occasionally grown for ornament. It is also commonly seen in the literature by its synonyms, "Chrysanthemum parthenium" and "Pyrethrum parthenium". The plant is a herbaceous perennial that grows into a small bush up to high with pungently-scented leaves. The leaves are light yellowish green, variously pinnatifid. The conspicuous daisy-like flowers are up to 20 mm across, borne in lax corymbs. The outer, ray florets


title: "Tanacetum parthenium" content: have white ligules and the inner, disc florets are yellow and tubular. It spreads rapidly by seed, and will cover a wide area after a few years. Feverfew is native to Eurasia, specifically the Balkan Peninsula, Anatolia and the Caucasus, but cultivation has spread it around the world and it is now also found in the rest of Europe, North America and Chile. A perennial herb, it should be planted in full sun, apart and cut back to the ground in the autumn. It grows up to tall. It is hardy to USDA zone 5 (). Outside of its native


title: "Tanacetum parthenium" content: range it can become an invasive weed. In traditional herbal medicine, feverfew has been used for fever, headaches, arthritis, and digestive problems. The active ingredients in feverfew include parthenolide. There has been some scientific interest in parthenolide, which has been shown to induce apoptosis in some cancer cell lines "in vitro" and potentially to target cancer stem cells. There are no published "in vivo" studies of parthenolide or feverfew for humans with cancer. The parthenolide content of commercially available feverfew supplements varies substantially, by over 40-fold, despite labeling claims of "standardization". A study found that the actual parthenolide content of


title: "Tanacetum parthenium" content: these supplements bore little resemblance to the content claimed on the product label. Long-term use of feverfew followed by abrupt discontinuation may induce a withdrawal syndrome featuring rebound headaches and muscle and joint pains. Feverfew can cause allergic reactions, including contact dermatitis. Other side effects have included gastrointestinal upset such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and flatulence. When the herb is chewed or taken orally it can cause mouth ulcers and swelling and numbness of the mouth. Feverfew should not be taken by pregnant women. It may interact with blood thinners and increase the risk of bleeding, and may


title: "Tanacetum parthenium" content: also interact with a variety of medications metabolized by the liver. The word "feverfew" derives from the Latin word "febrifugia", meaning "fever reducer", although it is no longer considered useful for that purpose. Though its earliest medicinal use is unknown, it was documented in the first century (AD) as an anti-inflammatory by the Greek herbalist physician Dioscorides. Tanacetum parthenium Tanacetum parthenium, known as feverfew or bachelor's buttons, is a flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae. It is a traditional medicinal herb which is commonly used to prevent migraine headaches, and is also occasionally grown for ornament. It is also


title: Inventio content: reason. Aristotle writes that logos depends on "the proof, or apparent proof, provided by the words of the speech itself." Logos appeals work "when we have proved a truth or an apparent truth by means of the persuasive arguments suitable to the case in question." "Inventio" is linked with logos such that it deals with what an author would say as opposed to "how" it might be said. According to rhetorical scholar Thomas O. Sloane, Cicero described rhetoric as the devising of true or seemingly true arguments for the sake of making one’s case appear probable. Therefore, a speaker must


title: "Aiguille du Midi" content: Aiguille du Midi The Aiguille du Midi () is a mountain in the Mont Blanc massif within the French Alps. It is a popular tourist destination and can be directly accessed by cable car from Chamonix that takes visitors close to Mont Blanc. The idea for a cable car to the summit, the "Téléphérique de l'Aiguille du Midi", was originally proposed around 1909, but did not come into operation until 1955 when it held the title of the world's highest cable car for about two decades. It still holds the record as the highest vertical ascent cable car in the


title: "Aiguille du Midi" content: world, from . There are two sections: from Chamonix to "Plan de l'Aiguille" at and then directly, without any support pillar, to the upper station at 3,777 m (the building contains an elevator to the summit). The span of the second section is measured directly, but only measured horizontally. Thus it remains the second longest span width, measured directly. The cable car travels from Chamonix to the top of the Aiguille du Midi – an altitude gain of over – in 20 minutes, costing around €60 for an adult-ticket from Chamonix and back. The "Aiguille" summit contains a panoramic viewing


title: "Aiguille du Midi" content: platform, a café and a gift shop. Even in summer, temperatures in the open viewing areas can reach , and visitors require both warm clothing and protection from very bright sunlight. Because of the danger, tourists are unable to leave the visitor facilities on the Midi's summit. However, mountaineers and skiers are able to pass through a tunnel to reach the steep and extremely exposed ice ridge to descend to the glacier below. In December 2013, a glass skywalk called "Step into the Void" opened at the top of the Aiguille du Midi peak. The view is straight down, and


title: "Aiguille du Midi" content: one can see Mont Blanc to the south. A further tourist development currently under construction (as at 2015) is 'Le Pipe' – a tubular walkway that will completely circle the summit. During summer months only, the Vallée Blanche Cable Car crosses "peak-to-peak" from Aiguille du Midi to Pointe Helbronner () at the Italian side of the Mont Blanc Massif. Pointe Helbronner is served by another cable car, Skyway Monte Bianco, to Entrèves, near the Italian town of Courmayeur in the Aosta Valley. This makes it possible to travel "by air" from Chamonix, France to Courmayeur, Italy – a route normally


title: "Aiguille du Midi" content: traversed by the highway running through the Mont Blanc Tunnel. A number of routes for fit, experienced mountaineers can either start or finish at the Aiguille du Midi, although the nearby "Cosmiques Refuge" is the best starting point for the longer routes: The name "Aiguille du Midi" translates as "Needle of the Mid-day", and it has been suggested this may be because the sun appears over its summit around noon when seen from one of the town's churches. The account should be treated as apocryphal as, by definition: the sun would reliably be seen from the church to pass over


title: "Aiguille du Midi" content: at noon only if the mountain were due south. Aiguille du Midi The Aiguille du Midi () is a mountain in the Mont Blanc massif within the French Alps. It is a popular tourist destination and can be directly accessed by cable car from Chamonix that takes visitors close to Mont Blanc. The idea for a cable car to the summit, the "Téléphérique de l'Aiguille du Midi", was originally proposed around 1909, but did not come into operation until 1955 when it held the title of the world's highest cable car for about two decades. It still holds the record


title: "Flight dynamics (spacecraft)" content: of the constantly varying relative positions of the planets. Therefore, optimum launch windows are often chosen from the results of porkchop plots that show contours of characteristic energy (v) plotted versus departure and arrival time. "Atmospheric entry" is the movement of human-made or natural objects as they enter the atmosphere of a celestial body from outer space—in the case of Earth from an altitude above the Kármán Line, (100 km). This topic is heavily concerned with the process of controlled "re"entry of vehicles which are intended to reach the planetary surface intact, but the topic also includes uncontrolled (or minimally


title: "Proof-of-work system" content: to the digit '1') begins with 52 binary zeros, that is 13 hexadecimal zeros: Whether PoW systems can actually solve a particular denial-of-service issue such as the spam problem is subject to debate; the system must make sending spam emails obtrusively unproductive for the spammer, but should also not prevent legitimate users from sending their messages. In other words, a genuine user should not encounter any difficulties when sending an email, but an email spammer would have to expend a considerable amount of computing power to send out many emails at once. Proof-of-work systems are being used as a primitive


title: "Frankfurt Book Fair" content: Frankfurt Book Fair The Frankfurter Buchmesse (FBM) is the world's largest trade fair for books, based both on the number of publishing companies represented, and the number of visitors. It is considered to be the most important book fair in the world for international deals and trading. The five-day annual event in mid-October is held at the Frankfurt Trade Fair grounds in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. The first three days are restricted exclusively to professional visitors; the general public attend the fair on the weekend. Several thousand exhibitors representing book publishing, multimedia and technology companies, as well as content providers


title: "Frankfurt Book Fair" content: from all over the world gather in order to negotiate international publishing rights and license fees. The fair is organised by Frankfurter Buchmesse GmbH, a subsidiary of the "German Publishers and Booksellers Association". More than 7,300 exhibitors from over 100 countries and more than 286,000 visitors took part in the year 2017.<ref> Frankfurt Book Fair The Frankfurter Buchmesse (FBM) is the world's largest trade fair for books, based both on the number of publishing companies represented, and the number of visitors. It is considered to be the most important book fair in the world for international deals and trading. The


title: Makeni content: secondary schools usually start from ages 13 to 18. Primary Education is free and compulsory in government-sponsored public schools. In March 2010, the Chinese ambassador to Sierra Leone, Qiu Shaofang traveled to the city on an official visit to donate one 16 kVA generator and nine sewing machines. Makeni Makeni is the largest city in the Northern Province of Sierra Leone. The city is the capital of Bombali District, and is the economic center of the Northern Province. Makeni is the fifth largest city in Sierra Leone by population. The city of Makeni had a population of 80,840 in the


title: "Bunce Island" content: in 1974, damaging structures. In 1989, a group of Gullahs from the United States made a visit to Sierra Leone and toured the island's ruins. Shortly after that, the U.S. National Park Service announced a preservation program for the castle in coordination with the Sierra Leone government. Plans were delayed by the lengthy Sierra Leone Civil War. African Americans visited the site in 1997 and 2005, which were documented as public history projects. Bunce Island is now protected by the Sierra Leonean Monuments and Relics Commission, a branch of the country's Ministry of Tourism and Culture. The government is working


title: "My Friend Irma (entertainment property)" content: sequel "My Friend Irma Goes West" (1950). The "My Friend Irma" comic strip, illustrated by Jack Seidel, began syndication with the Mirror Enterprises Syndicate on September 11, 1950, receiving a promotional boost in the November 7, 1950 issue of "Look". In 1951, Dan DeCarlo took over the strip with Stan Lee scripting. Atlas Comics (Marvel) published the "My Friend Irma" comic book which ran from #3 to #48 (1950 to 1955), and was most often written by Stan Lee with art by Dan DeCarlo. After Atlas stopped publishing "My Friend Irma", DeCarlo and Lee created a similar feature for Atlas


title: "TK Maxx" content: Enable Ireland, a charity which helps provide free services to children with disabilities. TK Maxx TK Maxx, often stylised as T·k·maxx, is a subsidiary of the American apparel and home goods company TJX Companies based in Framingham, Massachusetts. It uses a slightly different name from that of the TJ Maxx stores in the United States, to avoid confusion with the British retailer T. J. Hughes. TK Maxx stores are operated throughout the United Kingdom, Australia, Ireland, Germany, Poland, Austria and the Netherlands, totalling 515 stores in Europe (up from 407 in December 2014) and 35 in Australia in April 2017.


title: "Northwind (comics)" content: and Northwind. They were turned down for membership, but together with the Star-Spangled Kid, Obsidian, Jade, Brainwave Jr., Power Girl and the Huntress they formed their own group, Infinity, Inc.. During one of his adventures with Infinity, Inc., he assisted in moving the hidden city of Feithera to a location called New Feithera. Norda also gained a girlfriend in aspiring reporter Marcie Cooper. Even with all of his friends at Infinity, Inc. Hector Hall left the group after a falling out with Lyta and a woman named Doctor Hastor (a re-incarnated Hath-Set) contacting him. Norda believed the prophecy his grandfather


title: "Jacky Lafon" content: on, giving Lafon a real electric shock which caused burns to her chest and bruising on her ribs. In April 2014, Lafon reported that she was suffering from panic attacks and shortness of breath and that her hair was falling out. On 24 June, she announced that, after 23 years, she was leaving "Familie", stating "I cannot take it anymore". The announcement of Lafon's departure from "Familie" caused shock, with the soap's head writer Hugo Van Laere stating that "Rita does not die and will not be replaced. There is only one which Rita can play, and that is Jacky."


title: "Scott Podsednik" content: Lehigh Valley Iron Pigs, but was limited to playing in just 14 games due to injuries. The Phillies signed Podsednik to another minor league deal on November 30, 2011. Even after an impressive Spring training, Podsednik was again sent to Triple-A Lehigh Valley. On May 11, 2012, Podsednik was traded to the Boston Red Sox for cash considerations. Podsednik was promoted to Boston May 22 to help with an outfield that saw seven players on the disabled list. On May 22, 2012 he made his debut, pinch hitting for Marlon Byrd in the seventh inning of a game against the


title: "Teddy Boy" content: districts of London. They would typically leave school at the age of 14 or 15, and work in factories or offices. Teddy Girls spent much of their free time buying or making their trademark clothes. It was a head-turning, fastidious style from the fashion houses, which had launched haute-couture clothing lines recalling the Edwardian era. In 2009, a photo shoot by Liz Ham titled "Teddy Girls" was published by Oyster and then in Art Monthly Australia in 2010. Although Teddy Boys became associated with rock and roll music, prior to the advent of that genre, Teddy Boys mainly listened and


title: "James Wentworth Day" content: although he was highly suspicious of Adolf Hitler. He became a propaganda adviser to the Egyptian government in 1938 and spent the Second World War as a correspondent in France and as Near East correspondent of the BBC until he was invalided in 1943. In 1950 and 1951 he was an unsuccessful Conservative candidate for the constituency of Hornchurch, now in Greater London but then in Essex, and often spoke on behalf of the Tory cause at elections. He worked for a number of British newspapers, held senior positions at "The Field" and "Country Life", and was both owner and


title: "Fort Sill" content: of Foulois' craft and flooded out his engine. He successfully managed to land his plane without power. Additionally, every landing in Mexico was carried out in hostile territory. Many pilots found themselves cut off from friendly lines with little more than their wits to rescue them from hostile Mexicans and Mexican officials. The squadron flew 540 missions in Mexico – averaging 36 miles per mission. After six weeks, they were done. Their airplanes were worn out, and two had crashed. Four others needed parts and were grounded. For weeks afterward, crew members and pilots had blisters from carving new propellers


title: "Maidan Nezalezhnosti" content: Maidan Nezalezhnosti Maidan Nezalezhnosti ( , literally: Independence Square) is the central square of Kiev, the capital city of Ukraine. One of the city's main squares, it is located on Khreshchatyk Street in the Shevchenko Raion. The square has been known under many different names, but often it is called simply "Maidan" ("square"). In the 19th century, the square contained buildings of the city council and noble assembly. Since the start of Ukraine's independence movement in 1990, the square has been the traditional place for political rallies, including four large-scale radical protest campaigns: the 1990 student "Revolution on Granite", the


title: "Maidan Nezalezhnosti" content: 2001 "Ukraine without Kuchma", the 2004 Orange Revolution, and the 2013–14 Euromaidan. Maidan is also a regular site for non-political displays and events. The square received its current name "Independence Square" in 1991 in the aftermath of the Declaration of Independence of Ukraine and the collapse of the Soviet Union. " "Maidan" is a Ukrainian word for "square, open space", "Maidan is" widely used in South Asia to refer to an open space in or near a town, used as a parade ground or for events such as public meetings. From Urdu "میدان" (maidān), and its source, Persian "میدان" (meydân,


title: "Maidan Nezalezhnosti" content: "town-square or central place of gathering"), from Arabic "مَيْدَان" (maydān), itself an Iranian borrowing ultimately from Proto-Indo-European "*médʰyos". Compare Avestan (maiδya), Sanskrit "मध्य" (madhya), Latin "medius". Timeline of the square's names: City squares called "Maidan Nezalezhnosti" are also found in Khmelnytskyi and Sumy. Kropyvnytskyi, Kremenchuk and Odessa have "Independent Squares" named "Ploshcha Nezalezhnosti" (using the more familiar "ploshcha" rather than "maidan" for "square"). Independence Square is one of three squares located along Khreshchatyk, close to the northeastern end of the street. It is situated close to European Square, which is the terminal end of Khreshchatyk. Besides Khreshchatyk, which splits the


title: "Maidan Nezalezhnosti" content: square in half, several other streets lead to the square. These include Architect Horodecki Street, Institute Street, Michael Street, Kosciol Street, Minor Zhytomyr Street, Sophia Street, Taras Shevchenko Lane, and Boris Hrinchenko Street. The square itself is a multi-level location. At ground level is the intersection of Khreshchatyk, which splits Institute Street (vulytsia Instytutska), and Michael Street (vulytsia Mykhailivska). Underneath the square, the Obolonsko–Teremkivska line of the Kiev Metro stretches across with its station Maidan Nezalezhnosti located underground. Until the 10th century, the future square's site, as well as the rest of Khreshchatyk, was called "Perevisyshch". It was located just