title: "Russian Census (2002)" content: Russian Census (2002) The Russian Census of 2002 () was the first census of the Russian Federation since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, carried out on October 9 through October 16, 2002. It was carried out by the Russian Federal Service of State Statistics (Rosstat). The census data were collected as of midnight October 9, 2002. The census was primarily intended to collect statistical information about the resident population of Russian Federation. The resident population included: All detailed census tables are for the resident population. All (resident) participants were asked question on their gender, birth date, marital status, household


title: Jacor content: one of the first broadcasters to take advantage of duopoly rules allowing stations to own or operate 2AMs and 2FMs per market. Up until that time broadcasters could only own 1AM and 1FM per market. One of the first duopoly acquisitions was WKRC Radio in Cincinnati. From 1992-1994 WKRC operated as WLWA, a female version of male driven WLW. In February 1996, with the passing of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, Jacor went on a radio shopping spree. Jacor acquired Noble Broadcasting days after the telecom bill was passed, 10 days later Jacor merged with Citicasters. In 1997 Jacor acquired


title: "Court of the Lions" content: Court of the Lions The Court of the Lions (; ) is the main courtyard of the Nasrid dynasty Palace of the Lions, in the heart of the Alhambra, the Moorish citadel formed by a complex of palaces, gardens and forts in Granada, Spain. It was commissioned by the Nasrid sultan Muhammed V of the Emirate of Granada in Al-Andalus. Its construction started in the second period of his reign, between 1362 and 1391 AD. The site is now part of the UNESCO World Heritage List and minted in Spain's 2011 limited edition of 2 € Commemorative Coins. The Palace


title: "Court of the Lions" content: of the Lions, as well as the rest of the other new rooms built under Muhammad V, like the Mexuar or "Cuarto Dorado", represented the beginning of a new style, an exuberant mixture of Moorish and Christian influences that has been called Nasrid style. During the period that Muhammad V was ousted as sultan of Granada by his stepbrother, Abu-l Walid Ismail, he discovered in exile a host of new aesthetic influences that were not in the language of his predecessors, not even in his own first contributions to the enrichment of the Nasrid palaces of the Alhambra. In Fes


title: "Court of the Lions" content: he saw the Almoravid mosque of Qarawiyyin, built by Andalusian architects. The splendor of the decorations, specially the profuse use of the muqarnas that had once decorated the palaces and mosques of Al-Ándalus, stunned the ex-sultan, as did the ruins of the Roman city of Volubilis, where he could directly examine the classical orders, Roman ornamentation and, above all, the disposition of the Roman impluvium; the Roman ruins at Volubilis were particularly well preserved since they had been abandoned for a period of time in the Middle Ages and later re-used as a necropolis. Muhammad became an ally of his


title: "Court of the Lions" content: personal friend, the Christian king Pedro I of Castile, who helped him to regain the throne and defeat the usurpers. Meanwhile, he was also astonished with the construction of the palace of Pedro I, the Alcázar of Seville, built in Mudéjar style by architects from Toledo, Seville and Granada. The influence of this Mudéjar style of King Pedro in the future Palace of the Lions was going to be decisive, especially the structure and disposition of the Qubba rooms along two axis of the 'Patio de las Doncellas' ("Courtyard of the Maidens"). The Courtyard of the Lions is an oblong


title: "Court of the Lions" content: courtyard, 35 m in length and 20 m in width, surrounded by a low gallery supported on 124 white marble columns. A pavilion projects into the courtyard at each extremity, with filigree walls and light domed roof, elaborately ornamented. The square is paved with coloured tiles, and the colonnade with white marble; while the walls are covered 1.5 m up from the ground with blue and yellow tiles, with a border above and below enamelled blue and gold. The columns supporting the roof and gallery are irregularly placed, with a view to artistic effect; and the general form of the


title: "Court of the Lions" content: piers, arches and pillars is most graceful. They are adorned by varieties of foliage, etc.; above each arch there is a large square of arabesques; and over the pillars is another square of filigree work. In the center of the courtyard is the celebrated Fountain of Lions, a magnificent alabaster basin supported by the figures of twelve lions in white marble. At present, the fountain is under restoration in an effort to preserve its integrity. The structure of the courtyard, has, as it has been said, a direct influence of the Sevillian Patio de las Doncellas, but its meaning and


title: "Court of the Lions" content: origins trace their roots to early Islamic gardening, the courtyard divided in four parts, each one of them symbolizing one of the four parts of the world. Each part is irrigated by a water channel that symbolize the four rivers of Paradise. This courtyard is, therefore, an architectural materialization of Paradise, where the gardens, the water, and the columns form a conceptual and physical unity. The slender column forest have been said to represent the palm trees of an oasis in the desert, deeply related with Paradise in the Nasrid imagination. In the poem of Ibn Zamrak on the basin


title: "Court of the Lions" content: of the fountain, a further meaning is stated clearly: "The fountain is the Sultan, which smothers with his graces all his subjects and lands, as the water wets the gardens." Nowadays the flower garden has been substituted by a dry garden of pebbles, in order not to affect the foundation of the palace with the watering. In Nasrid times, the floor of the quartered planting beds was slightly lower than the general level, and the visual effect was like a tapestry of flowers, as the top of the plants were cut to the same level of the courtyard, and these


title: "Court of the Lions" content: were carefully chosen to cover a host of color nuances. Some research suggests that the 11th century lions of the Lion Fountain came from the house of the Jewish vizier Yusuf ibn Nagrela (d. 1066). It is not known if they were made before his death, and at the time, he was accused of wanting to build a bigger palace than the king's. They are large for sculptures of animals in Islamic art, but as in other sites of al-Andalus such as the earlier Medina Azahara near Cordoba, there are multiple animals. The Pisa Griffin is even larger. There is


title: "Court of the Lions" content: an almost exact description of the original fountain, written by the poet Ibn Gabirol in the 11th century. They represent the 12 tribes of Israel, two of them have a triangle on the forehead, indicating the two extant tribes "Judá" and "Leví". The Lions were removed in 2007 for restoration on the premises while the fountain was restored "in situ". The lions were put back in place in July 2012 after reconstruction of the traditional water flow system of the Court of the Lions. The poet and minister Ibn Zamrak wrote a poem to describe the beauty of the courtyard.


title: "Court of the Lions" content: It is carved around the rim of the basin: Court of the Lions The Court of the Lions (; ) is the main courtyard of the Nasrid dynasty Palace of the Lions, in the heart of the Alhambra, the Moorish citadel formed by a complex of palaces, gardens and forts in Granada, Spain. It was commissioned by the Nasrid sultan Muhammed V of the Emirate of Granada in Al-Andalus. Its construction started in the second period of his reign, between 1362 and 1391 AD. The site is now part of the UNESCO World Heritage List and minted in Spain's 2011


title: Philippeion content: Philippeion The Philippeion () in the Altis of Olympia was an Ionic circular memorial in limestone and marble, a tholos, which contained chryselephantine (ivory and gold) statues of Philip's family; himself, Alexander the Great, Olympias, Amyntas III and Eurydice I. It was made by the Athenian sculptor Leochares in celebration of Philip's victory at the battle of Chaeronea (338 BC). It was the only structure inside the Altis dedicated to a human. The temple consisted of an outer colonnade of Ionic order with 18 columns. Inside, it had nine engaged half-columns of the lavishly- designed Corinthian order. It had a


title: Philippeion content: diameter of 15 metres. The naos contains two windows, much like Hera II at Paestum. It had a carved marble roof which was decorated with a bronze poppy head on top. Philippeion The Philippeion () in the Altis of Olympia was an Ionic circular memorial in limestone and marble, a tholos, which contained chryselephantine (ivory and gold) statues of Philip's family; himself, Alexander the Great, Olympias, Amyntas III and Eurydice I. It was made by the Athenian sculptor Leochares in celebration of Philip's victory at the battle of Chaeronea (338 BC). It was the only structure inside the Altis dedicated


title: "Battle of the Cremera" content: the consul Titus Menenius Lanatus with an army against the Veientes, but the Romans were defeated once again. The Veientes marched on Rome, and occupied the Janiculum. There were two indecisive battles against the Veientes, the first near the temple of Spes near the Praenestine Gate, and the second at the Colline gate. Thereafter the Veientes withdrew from Rome and set about ravaging the countryside, until they were defeated by the Romans in the following year. <br> Battle of the Cremera The Battle of the Cremera was fought between the Roman Republic and the Etruscan city of Veii, in 477


title: "Quds Force" content: and after the war, it provided support to the Kurds fighting Saddam Hussein. In 1982, a Quds unit was deployed to Lebanon, where it assisted in the genesis of Hezbollah. The Force also expanded its operations into neighboring Afghanistan, most notably aiding Abdul Ali Mazari's Shi'a Hezbe Wahdat in the 1980s against the government of Mohammad Najibullah. It then began funding and supporting Ahmad Shah Massoud's Northern Alliance against the Taliban. However, in recent years, the Quds Force is alleged to have been helping and guiding the Taliban insurgents against the NATO-backed Karzai administration. There were also reports of the


title: "Pay it forward" content: Pay it forward Pay it forward is an expression for describing the beneficiary of a good deed repaying it to others instead of to the original benefactor. The concept is old, but the phrase may have been coined by Lily Hardy Hammond in her 1916 book "In the Garden of Delight". "Pay it forward" is implemented in contract law of loans in the concept of third party beneficiaries. Specifically, the creditor offers the debtor the option of paying the debt forward by lending it to a third person instead of paying it back to the original creditor. This contract may


title: "Salford Lads' Club" content: in November 2007. Property developer Chek Whyte initially donated £15,000 towards repairs as part of the programme, then subsequently paid for roof repairs and has become involved with the club long-term. Former Smiths' frontman Morrissey has also donated funds towards restoration. He initially wanted to keep his donation of £20,000 a secret but was dissuaded from doing so, because the publicity would help the campaign. In 2008 Vinny Peculiar released a single to support the club's £1 million fundraising drive. The song "Lazy Bohemians" was taken from his solo album "Goodbye My Angry Friend". The B side and bonus download


title: "Curetis thetis" content: Curetis thetis Curetis thetis, the Indian sunbeam, is a species of lycaenid or blue butterfly found in Indomalayan realm. The butterfly occurs in Peninsular India, south of the Himalayas, but not in the desert tracts or in areas with a scanty rainfall; parts of Assam; Saurashtra; Bengal, Sylhet onto Myanmar. It is also found in the Nicobar Islands. It is also found in Sri Lanka, Java, Philippines, northern Sulawesi and Selajar. It is not considered rare. Upperside dark cupreous red, glossy and shining. Forewing: base irrorated with dusky scales; costa edged with a narrow, inwardly jagged, jet-black band that broadens


title: "Curetis thetis" content: gynandromorphic forms. The larva has been recorded as feeding on "Pongamia glabra", "Derris scandens", "Abrus precatorius" (Leguminosae), "Xylia dolabriformis" and "Heynia trijuga" (Meliaceae). De Niceville goes on to say that the sheaths of the tentacles on the twelfth segment are pale green, the tentacles themselves maroon, the whorl of hairs at their apices white with their basal thirds black. The larvae have tentacular organs as seen on myrmecophilous lycaenids, but they have not been observed to be tended by ants. Light green; wing-cases bluish green. "There is a conspicuous heart-shaped pale ochreous mark on the top of the thorax, the


title: "59th Street–Columbus Circle (New York City Subway)" content: This is the longest distance between two express stops in the system. At the middle of each open platform, there are two staircases and one elevator that connect with the northbound platform of IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line. There is also one staircase from each platform at the north end leading to the same area. A single staircase at the extreme south end connects to the southbound IRT platform. There are two newsstands, one each at the center of both platforms. This station formerly had a 1992 artwork called "Hello Columbus", made by various New York City artists and public school


title: "Chamara Kapugedera" content: bilateral ODI series win against Sri Lanka. During the last phase of India's innings, crowd started to throw bottles into the ground and play was arrested for 35 minutes as well. Kapugedera is married to his longtime partner, Tamara Derek on 16 December 2010 where the wedding ceremony was taken place at Waters Edge Hotel, Battaramulla. They have three children Akshan, Yenith and Yhavin, all of which are boys. Chamara Kapugedera Chamara Kantha Kapugedera (, born 24 February 1987 in Kandy), commonly Chamara Kapugedera is a professional Sri Lankan cricketer who plays limited over internationals, and a former ODI captain.


title: "Reflection formula" content: Reflection formula In mathematics, a reflection formula or reflection relation for a function "f" is a relationship between "f"("a" − "x") and "f"("x"). It is a special case of a functional equation, and it is very common in the literature to use the term "functional equation" when "reflection formula" is meant. Reflection formulas are useful for numerical computation of special functions. In effect, an approximation that has greater accuracy or only converges on one side of a reflection point (typically in the positive half of the complex plane) can be employed for all arguments. The even and odd functions satisfy


title: "2006 Winter Olympics opening ceremony" content: proclaim "And the master brings the house down." Indeed, the tenor's performance received the longest and loudest ovation of the opening ceremony from the international crowd. This would prove to be Pavarotti's final public performance of his signature song. Security was present at the Opening Ceremony as has become the norm for the Olympics. Organizers stepped up the security measures in connection with the contemporary Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy and they insisted that the Olympic Games would be safe. Aside from celebrities participating in the ceremonies and members of the International Olympic Committee, the following dignitaries and officials associated with


title: "Benjamin Bates IV" content: work." At the time with Bates' net worth was at $700, which was considered lower-middle class at the time. The firm subsequently organized as the B. T. Loring Company. The firm's market expanded widely throughout Maine and went on to depart from retail and focus on whole sale, which was made possible by the connections Bates had made throughout his career in Bristol, Maine. One year later, they moved "downtown" from Washington Street to Central Street, and continued operations. Barnabas T. Loring died prompting the group to dissolve B. T. Loring & Co., and create Davis, Bates, & Turner. With


title: "Catbird seat" content: Cincinnati during the Great Depression. Barber himself also put forth this version of events in his 1968 autobiography, "Rhubarb in the Catbird Seat". Further usage can be found in P. G. Wodehouse's 1958 novel "Cocktail Time": "I get you. If we swing it, we'll be sitting pretty, 'In the catbird seat.'" According to Douglas Harper's "Online Etymological Dictionary", the phrase refers to the gray catbird and was used in the 19th century in the American South. Ken Harrelson, the play-by-play TV broadcaster for the Chicago White Sox, has been often heard referencing "the catbird seat" during games. In Entertainment: Indianapolis


title: "1990–91 in English football" content: suffer their first league defeat of the season in their 24th game, going down 2–1 to Chelsea at Stamford Bridge. 12 February 1991 – Aston Villa sign defender Neil Cox from Scunthorpe United for £400,000, a record fee for a Fourth Division player. 17 February 1991 - Liverpool and Everton draw 0-0 in an all Merseyside FA Cup fifth round tie at Anfield. 20 February 1991 – Sheffield Wednesday sign 19-year-old striker Gordon Watson from Charlton Athletic for £250,000. The FA Cup fourth round replay between Liverpool ends in a dramatic 4-4 draw at Goodison Park, forcing a second replay.


title: "Wade's Causeway" content: be a sign against the causeway being of Roman construction: the majority of Roman roads that were finished with a material other than simple packed earth were dressed in either packed gravel or pebbles. There are other examples of Roman roads paved with stone blocks, including the section of the Via Appia—the oldest major Roman route in Italy—near Albano. Historians Richard A Gabriel and Michael Grant state that of the of known Roman roads, over may have been stone-paved. The Roman writer Ulpian specifically differentiates between "via munita", which always had a paved stone surface, and "via glareata", which were


title: "1991–92 in English football" content: victory, and are now just three points off top spot. 21 April 1992 - Businessman Max Griggs forms a new team, Rushden & Diamonds, from a merger of Rushden Town and Irthlingborough Diamonds, to play in the Midland Division of the Southern League next season. 22 April 1992 – Manchester United's title hopes are left hanging by a thread when they lose 1–0 to West Ham United at Upton Park. They remain one point behind leaders Leeds United with two games remaining. 25 April 1992 - Newly promoted clubs West Ham United and Notts County are both relegated from the


title: "Ken Brown (footballer)" content: of those responsible for the break-in. Ken Brown (footballer) Kenneth Brown (born 16 February 1934 in Forest Gate, London) is an English former football player and manager. As player, he made more than 400 appearances in the Football League representing West Ham United, where he spent the majority of his career, and Torquay United, and was capped once for the England national team. As manager, he took charge of Norwich City, Shrewsbury Town and Plymouth Argyle. Brown was playing for local Dagenham side Neville United when he signed professional for West Ham United on 16 October 1951. He quickly made


title: "Nick Harris" content: the official booster club of the Lions. On September 3, 2011, Harris was released by the Detroit Lions in favor for Ryan Donahue. On October 11, 2011, he signed with the Jacksonville Jaguars. On April 28, 2012, the Jacksonville Jaguars released Harris. Harris signed with the Carolina Panthers on May 7, 2012. He was released on August 27, 2012. Harris was signed by the Detroit Lions, for a second time, on September 25, 2012. The signing came after Ben Graham was placed on the season-ending injured reserve list. Harris is married to his college sweetheart, Heather. They have four children:


title: .local content: a freshly installed Windows Server 2016 Essentials also adds .local as the default dns-prefix, when a user doesn't select the advanced option. Thus resulting in a domain with .local extension. Computers running modern Linux distributions and using the common codice_1 system may have codice_2 configuration files in which mDNS name resolution was added via the mdns5_minimal plugin to codice_1. In this configuration, where codice_4 precedes the standard codice_5 option, which uses codice_6, the mDNS resolution will block subsequent DNS resolution on the local network. This is a configuration choice made by distributions such as Ubuntu/Debian and SuSE and Red Hat,


title: "Star Fleet Project" content: different order from the original vinyl release. The solo CD releases of this project are unofficial, although those copies are billed as an official release from EMI, using the original artwork. Paul Bliss also released the official Star Fleet soundtrack project album in 2009. Star Fleet Project Star Fleet Project is a project of Brian May, most famous as the guitarist from Queen, which resulted in an album with the same name. The project was released as the work of "Brian May + Friends", consisting of May, guitarist Eddie Van Halen, drummer Alan Gratzer (of REO Speedwagon), Phil Chen (session


title: "Omarska camp" content: different destinations. About 1,500 people were transported on twenty buses. As part of the ethnic cleansing operations, the Omarska, Keraterm, Manjača, and Trnopolje camps helped the Crisis Committee of the Serbian District of Prijedor to reduce the non-Serb population of Prijedor from more than 50,000 in 1992 to little more than 3,000 in 1995, and even fewer subsequently. Precise calculations about the number who actually died in these camps are difficult to make. Newsweek reporter Roy Gutman claimed that US State Department officials, along with representatives of other Western governments, told him that 4,000–5,000 people, the vast majority of them


title: "Omarska camp" content: the Orbit is "tragically intertwined with the history of war crimes in Bosnia, as the bones of victims are mixed in with the iron ore". ArcelorMittal denied that material from Omarska had been used in the Orbit's construction. The company said that sensitive issues relating to the mine could not be addressed by ArcelorMittal on its own. Campaigners urged ArcelorMittal as the world's largest steel producer to use its considerable influence to oppose the local politics of denial and play an active role in healing fractured communities that have made the company's success possible. Susan Schuppli of the Centre for


title: "Griboyedov Canal" content: streets or embankments running along the canal are known as "Naberezhnaya Kanala Griboyedova". There are 21 bridges across the canal: Griboedov Canal appears on the cover of the 2011 contemporary classical album, Troika. The canal is a key location in Fyodor Dostoyevsky's novel, Crime and Punishment. Like most locations in the novel, the canal is rarely identified by its proper name; in fact, on most occasions Dostoyevsky refers to it as a "kanava", a word which in English is closer to the word "ditch." In a footnote to the Penguin Deluxe Classics edition of the book, translator Oliver Ready describes


title: "Ki Tissa" content: the mount where the Lord is seen.'" The first four chapters of Tractate Shekalim in the Mishnah, Tosefta, Jerusalem Talmud, and Babylonian Talmud interpreted the law of the half-shekel head tax commanded by Reading ""This" they shall give . . . half a shekel for an offering to the Lord," to indicate that God pointed with God's finger, Rabbi Ishmael said that each of the five fingers of God's right hand appertain to the mystery of Redemption. Rabbi Ishmael said that God showed the little finger of the hand to Noah, pointing out how to make the Ark, as in


title: "Sophia Hayden" content: she found an interest in architecture. After graduation Hayden's family moved to Richmond, Virginia, but she returned to Boston for college. She graduated from MIT in 1890 with a degree in architecture, with honors. Hayden shared a drafting room with Lois Lilley Howe, a fellow female architect at Massachusetts Institute of Technology "(MIT)". Hayden's work was influenced by MIT professor Eugène Létang. After completing her studies Hayden may have had a hard time finding an entry level apprentice position as an architect because she was a woman so she accepted a position as a mechanical drawing teacher at a Boston


title: Cleaver content: his ideal of junzi, Kǒng Fūzǐ remarked "Why use an ox-cleaver to carve a chicken?" on the futility of the common people seeking to emulate noblemen. The Chinese chef's knife is frequently incorrectly referred to as a "cleaver", due its similar rectangular shape. However Chinese chef knives are much thinner in cross-section and are intended more as general-purpose kitchen knives, and mostly used to slice boneless meats, chop, slice, dice, or mince vegetables, and to flatten garlic bulbs or ginger; while also serving as a spatula to carry prepared ingredients to the wok. For butchering tasks and to prepare boned


title: "Peter Gelb" content: not sure the Met can survive Levine’s disgrace." Similarly, "The Wall Street Journal"'s drama critic Terry Teachout wrote an article entitled: "The Levine Cataclysm; How allegations against James Levine of sexual misconduct with teenagers could topple the entire Metropolitan Opera." Peter Gelb is the son of Arthur Gelb, former Managing Editor of "The New York Times", and writer Barbara Gelb. Gelb is married to conductor Keri Lynn Wilson. He has two children from a previous marriage. His elder son, David Gelb, is a director and cinematographer, most known for his documentary "Jiro Dreams of Sushi". His younger son, Matthew Gelb,


title: "FC Okean Nakhodka" content: FC Okean Nakhodka Okean Nakhodka was a Russian football club based in Nakhodka, Primorsky Krai. The club's colours were white and blue. In 1989 Okean won the RSFSR Cup, and in 1991 they won the regional league. Okean spent 1992 and 1993 seasons in the Top League, being one of the founding members, aided by the fact that the clubs from other Soviet republics walked away from the existing Soviet league system to form their own leagues. They thus became the easternmost club to compete in the Top League (and by extension, all of Europe's top flight leagues, though they


title: Langreo content: Langreo Langreo (; ) is a municipality and town of northern Spain, province of The Principality of Asturias. It is the 4th largest town of Asturias with 43.000 inhabitants. Langreo is located in the centre of Asturias, approximately south-east of Oviedo. It was an important mining and metallurgical center. In the neighbourhood fruit and cider are produced, and there are still important coal mines, foundries, and factories for the manufacture of coarse cloth. According to a legend Langreo was the place where the Moorish governor Munuza was killed while trying to flee from Asturias at the beginning of the Reconquest.


title: "ARCA Space Corporation" content: There were discussions with Spaceport America representatives to operate the Haas 2B rocket from New Mexico. Haas 2C is an orbital rocket intended for commercial payload launches. There are two planned variants of the rocket, a single stage to orbit variant capable of placing a 50 kg payload into orbit and a two-stage variant capable of lifting a 400 kg payload into orbit. After testing the extremely lightwight composite tank, ARCA designed a single stage 18m long rocket with a total weight of 510 kg, having a thrust to weight ratio of 26:1 and a 50 kg payload. The company


title: Turhal content: Turhal Turhal is a town and a district of Tokat Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. It is 48 km in the west of Tokat Province. Turhal is situated on a fertile plain fragmented by the Yeşil Irmak river. It has an elevation of approximately 530 m. The city is best known for its sugar beet processing plant established in 1934 as an important enterprise of the young Turkish Republic. The mayor is Yılmaz Bekler (AKP). The first nucleus of Turhal appeared as an important fortress or fortification named Talaura (Τάλαυρα in Ancient greek) on the way between


title: "Tom Sayers" content: was the youngest of the five children of William Sayers (33), a shoemaker, and his wife Maria, ten years her husband’s senior. At the age of six, Tom became a Jack in the Water, earning a few coppers performing small duties for holidaymakers and fishermen on Brighton beach. Claims that he attended school in 1836 may be unfounded, and he was barely literate. At the age of thirteen, he went to London, where he stayed with his sister Eliza and her husband Robert King, a builder. Sayers became a bricklayer, and for the next seven years shuttled between his home


title: "Tom Sayers" content: illegitimate, it could not be proved that Sayers was not the father of his wife’s other three children. These must therefore be regarded as legitimate, and entitled to inherit his estate. Tom Sayers is buried in Highgate Cemetery, his tomb guarded by the stone image of his mastiff, Lion, who was chief mourner at his funeral. The house in Camden where he died now has an English Heritage blue plaque. A fictionalised Tom Sayers appeared in a series of weekly adventures penned for the story paper "The Marvel" by Amalgamated Press writer Arthur S. Hardy (real name Arthur Joseph Steffens,


title: "Toxicodendron rydbergii" content: Toxicodendron rydbergii Toxicodendron rydbergii the western poison ivy, is a species of "Toxicodendron" in the cashew family. It is native to most of Canada from the Maritimes to British Columbia, and most of the contiguous United States except the southeastern states, New Jersey, Delaware, and California. It can be found growing in forests, and other wooded areas, usually near streams and rivers. Unlike "Toxicodendron radicans" (eastern poison ivy), which often appears as a trailing or climbing vine, "Toxicodendron rydbergii" is a shrub that can grow to 1 m (3 ft) tall, rarely up to 3 m (10 ft). The leaves


title: "Toxicodendron rydbergii" content: are trifoliate and alternate. The leaflets are variable in size and shape, and are usually 15 cm (6 in) long, turning yellow or orange in autumn. On the compound trifoliate leaves, the two leaflets opposite each other are typically asymmetrical, in contrast to the terminal leaflet which always shows bilateral symmetry. The fruits are small, round, and yellowish. All parts of this plant contain urushiol, which can cause severe dermatitis in most individuals. Toxicodendron rydbergii Toxicodendron rydbergii the western poison ivy, is a species of "Toxicodendron" in the cashew family. It is native to most of Canada from the Maritimes


title: "Samuel W. Koster" content: director of the Infantry Center and School's Command and Staff Department, and chief of staff of the Infantry Center and School. Koster was assigned to Eighth United States Army in South Korea in 1964, serving as deputy assistant G-3 and assistant G-3. In April 1966, he was assigned as director of the Plans and Programs Division in the Office of the Army's Assistant Chief of Staff for Force Development. By 1967 he had attained the rank of Major General, and at the height of the Vietnam War was assigned to command Task Force Oregon, later reorganized as the reactivated 23rd


title: KWES-TV content: December 1, 1958 as KVKM-TV in Monahans, Texas, an ABC affiliate. It was originally owned by Tri-Cities Broadcasters, which co-owned KVKM radio (1340 AM; now KCKM 1330). Initially broadcasting from a tower between Kermit and Monahans (shared with the radio station), KVKM-TV moved to a tower at the edge of the Caprock on February 1, 1963. For a brief period of time in the early 1960s (about 1963), the station operated a semi-satellite TV station, KVLF-TV, on channel 12 in Alpine (also serving Marfa and Fort Davis) that also featured localized programming to the Alpine, Sul Ross State University and


title: "Gordonville, Pennsylvania" content: only six passenger trains and two freight trains actually made scheduled stops at Gordonville station each day. One of the freights was the morning milk train. Today the village has a population of about 460 people. Amtrak trains still travel through the town along the railway that brought about the town's birth. There is talk of a new station to be erected at Leaman Place, a mile east of Gordonville at the Strasburg RR junction, which would serve Amtrak and SEPTA trains. The Annual Spring Sale and Auction of the Gordonville Fire Company and Ambulance Association, held the second Saturday


title: "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1986 TV series)" content: Golden Cap to command the Winged Monkeys, ordering them to bring her the Lion and kill the rest. As the group near the witch's castle, the Winged Monkeys attack who manage to destroy the Scarecrow (by emptying his body) and the Tin Man (by dropping him from a great height). They are, however, unable to harm Dorothy due to the Good Witch's kiss and are forced to take her along with the captured Lion. The Wicked Witch of the West keeps the Lion locked in a cell intending to use him to pull her carriage. She decides to spare Dorothy


title: "Content-addressable storage" content: the conventional location-addressing mechanism, permitting CAFS to support an IDMS CODASYL database and also support content addressing of the same records. In contrast, when information is stored into a CAS system, the system will record a , which is an identifier uniquely and permanently linked to the information content itself. A request to retrieve information from a CAS system must provide the content identifier, from which the system can determine the physical location of the data and retrieve it. Because the identifiers are based on content, any change to a data element will necessarily change its content address. In nearly


title: "Kirkuk Olympic Stadium" content: Kirkuk Olympic Stadium Kirkuk Olympic Stadium, is a multi-use stadium in Kirkuk, Iraq. It is currently used mostly for football matches and it also has an athletics track. The stadium holds 24,000. The stadium was built in 1982 for an Olympics that never happened. After the fall of the former regime in 2003 at least 500 Kurds displaced by Saddam Hussein's forced resettlement "Arabization" policy returned to Kirkuk and settled in the stadium. The families stayed in the ground for more than seven years, only recently moving on. The stadium refurbishment is being done in two phases. First the stadium


title: "Bare-throated tiger heron" content: Bare-throated tiger heron The bare-throated tiger heron ("Tigrisoma mexicanum") is a wading bird of the heron family, Ardeidae, found from Mexico to northwestern Colombia, with one recorded sighting from the United States in Hidalgo County, Texas. It is in length and weighs . This large species is found in more open habitats than other "Tigrisoma" herons, such as river and lake banks. It waits often motionless for suitable prey such as fish, frogs or crabs to come within reach of its long bill. This is a solitary breeder, not normally found in heron colonies. The nest is a small flattish


title: "Bare-throated tiger heron" content: stick platform in a tree into which 2–3 green-tinged white eggs are laid. The throat is bare and is greenish-yellow to orange in all plumages. The adult has black crown and light grey sides of head, the sides of the neck and the upperparts otherwise blackish narrowly barred buff. The median stripe down the foreneck is white bordered with black; the remaining underparts are dull cinnamon brown. The juvenile is buff coarsely barred with black, more mottled and vermiculated on wings; the throat, median underparts and belly are whitish. The flight is heavy, and the call is a hoarse "howk-howk-howk".


title: "Bare-throated tiger heron" content: Males also give a booming "hrrrowwr!" call, especially at sunset. During emission of the call, the beak opens wide and undulations can be seen along the course of the throat from mid-thorax caudally. Bare-throated tiger heron The bare-throated tiger heron ("Tigrisoma mexicanum") is a wading bird of the heron family, Ardeidae, found from Mexico to northwestern Colombia, with one recorded sighting from the United States in Hidalgo County, Texas. It is in length and weighs . This large species is found in more open habitats than other "Tigrisoma" herons, such as river and lake banks. It waits often motionless for


title: "6th Royal Tank Regiment" content: 6th Royal Tank Regiment The 6th Royal Tank Regiment (6 RTR) was a regiment of the Royal Tank Regiment, of the British Army, until 1959. It originally saw action as 6th Battalion Tank Corps in 1917. When tanks were first used in action in 1916, they were operated by the Heavy Branch of the Machine Gun Corps. This constituted six companies, A through F. With the rapid growth of the tank forces, these companies were used as the cadre of new battalions, which were quickly transferred to the newly formed Tank Corps, and then changed from letters to numbers. F


title: "Cornus alternifolia" content: Cornus alternifolia Cornus alternifolia is a species of deciduous shrub or small tree in the dogwood family Cornaceae, native to eastern North America, from Newfoundland west to southern Manitoba and Minnesota, and south to northern Florida and Mississippi. It is rare in the southern United States. It is commonly known as green osier, alternate-leaved dogwood, and pagoda dogwood. It is a small deciduous tree growing to (rarely ) tall, with a trunk up to in diameter. The branches develop characteristic horizontal layers separated by gaps, with a flat-topped crown. Its leaves are elliptic to ovate and grow to long and


title: "Cornus alternifolia" content: broad, arranged alternately on the stems, not in opposite pairs typical of the majority of "Cornus" species. The leaves are most often arranged in crowded clusters around the ends of the twigs and appear almost whorled. The upper sides of the leaves are smooth and green, while the undersides are hairy and a bluish color. The bark is colored gray to brown, becoming ridged as it ages. Small cream colored flowers are produced, with four small petals. The flowers are grouped into cymes, with the inflorescences across. It bears berries with a blackish blue color. "C. alternifolia" is found under


title: "Cornus alternifolia" content: open deciduous trees, as well as along the margins of forests and swamps. These trees prefer moist, well drained soil. Seedlings are shade-tolerant and it is often found as an understory tree in mature forests, such as those dominated by "Acer saccharum" (sugar maple) or "Populus" (aspen). It is also common in younger forests. The fruits provide food for at least eleven species of birds and the black bear. The leaves and bark are eaten by white-tailed deer, beaver, and cottontail rabbit. The tree is regarded as attractive because of its wide-spreading shelving branches and flat-topped head, and is often


title: "Cornus alternifolia" content: used in ornamental plantings. The flower clusters have no great white involucre as have those of the flowering dogwood, and the fruit is dark purple instead of red. The cultivar 'Argentea' (silver pagoda dogwood) has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit (confirmed 2017). "C. alternifolia" is susceptible to golden canker ("Cryptodiaporthe corni"), particularly when drought-stressed or heat-stressed. Proper siting of the plant in partial to full shade, along with adequate mulch and water, will reduce the incidence of this pathogen. "Cornus alternifolia" has been used in the traditional Chinese medicine as tonic, analgesic, and diuretic. Cornus alternifolia


title: "Abby Kelley" content: Kelley contributed to the Anti-Slavery Society as a lecturer and fundraiser. Although she encountered constant objections to her public activism as a woman working closely with and presenting public lectures to men, Kelley continued her work. She often shared her platform with ex-slaves despite disapproval by some in the audience. "I rejoice to be identified with the despised people of color. If they are to be despised, so ought their advocates to be". In October 1849, Kelley wrote to her friend, Milo Townsend, and told of the work she was doing for the anti-slavery society: "We know our cause is


title: "Joseph LaFlesche" content: chiefs of the Omaha. Two Grizzly Bears' name did not appear. Perhaps because Fontenelle had been introduced as Two Grizzly Bears' interpreter, or because he was the only Omaha speaker who was literate in English, his name was substituted. The treaty was signed in March 1854 and quickly ratified by the Senate. The Indian Commissioner Manypenny and his staff forced many changes to the treaty terms, including a major reduction in the amount of money the Omaha would receive for their land, and a change from cash annuities to annuities that are a combination of cash and goods. Under the


title: "Paul Shaffer and the World's Most Dangerous Band" content: Fig. Shaffer and drummer Fig first played together at a Joan Armatrading recording session in March 1980. From the mid-1980s through 1993, saxophone player David Sanborn was a frequent guest player, usually sitting in with the band on Thursday or Friday nights. Sanborn was originally intended to be a permanent band member. During the interregnum between the end of "Late Night" on NBC and the beginning of "Late Show" on CBS, Shaffer and unable to use the name "The World's Most Dangerous Band" due to an intellectual property claim by NBC, the band released an album "The World's Most Dangerous


title: "Alveolar lung disease" content: Alveolar lung disease Alveolar lung diseases, are a group of diseases that mainly affect the alveoli of the lungs. Alveolar lung disease may be divided into acute or chronic. Causes of acute alveolar lung disease include pulmonary edema (cardiogenic or neurogenic), pneumonia (bacterial or viral), pulmonary embolism, systemic lupus erythematosus, bleeding in the lungs (e.g., Goodpasture syndrome), idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis, and granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Chronic alveolar lung disease can be caused by pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, alveolar cell carcinoma, mineral oil pneumonia, sarcoidosis (alveolar form), lymphoma, tuberculosis, metastases, or desquamative interstitial pneumonia. Alveolar disease is visible on chest radiography as small,


title: Mudskipper content: Mudskipper Mudskippers are amphibious fish, presently included in the family Oxudercidae, in the subfamily Oxudercinae. There are 32 living species of mudskipper. They use their pectoral fins and pelvic fins to walk on land They typically live in intertidal habitats, and exhibit unique adaptations to this environment that are not found in most intertidal fishes, which typically survive the retreat of the tide by hiding under wet seaweed or in tide pools. Mudskippers are quite active when out of water, feeding and interacting with one another, for example, to defend their territories and court potential partners. They are found in


title: Mudskipper content: tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions, including the Indo-Pacific and the Atlantic coast of Africa. Oxudercinae is sometimes classified within the family Gobiidae (gobies). Recent molecular studies do not support this classification, as oxudercine gobies appear to be paraphyletic relative to amblyopine gobies (Gobiidae: Amblyopinae), thus being included in a distinct "Periophthalmus lineage", together with amblyopines. Mudskippers can be defined as oxudercine gobies that are "fully terrestrial for some portion of the daily cycle" (character 24 in Murdy, 1989). This would define the species of the genera "Boleophthalmus", "Periophthalmodon", "Periophthalmus", and "Scartelaos" as "mudskippers". However, field observations of "Zappa confluentus" suggest


title: Mudskipper content: that this monotypic genus should be included in the definition. Compared with fully aquatic gobies, these specialized fish present a range of peculiar anatomical and behavioural adaptations that allow them to move effectively on land as well as in the water. As their name implies, these fish use their fins to move around in a series of skips. Mudskippers have the ability to breathe through their skin and the lining of their mouth (the mucosa) and throat (the pharynx); this is only possible when the mudskippers are wet, limiting them to humid habitats and requiring that they keep themselves moist.


title: Mudskipper content: This mode of breathing, similar to that employed by amphibians, is known as cutaneous air breathing. Another important adaptation that aids breathing while out of water is their enlarged gill chambers, where they retain a bubble of air. These chambers close tightly when the fish is above water, due to a ventromedial valve of the gill slit, keeping the gills moist, and allowing them to function while exposed to air. Gill filaments are stiff and do not coalesce when out of water. The different species have adapted to various diets on the mudflats. "Boleophthalmus boddarti" is detritivorous, while others will


title: Mudskipper content: eat small crabs, insects, snails and even other mudskippers. Digging deep burrows in soft sediments allows the fish to thermoregulate, avoid marine predators during the high tide when the fish and burrow are submerged, and lay their eggs. When the burrow is submerged, several mudskipper species maintain an air pocket inside it, which allows them to breathe in conditions of very low oxygen concentration. The genus "Periophthalmus" is by far the most diverse and widespread genus of mudskipper. Eighteen species have been described. "Periophthalmus argentilineatus" is one of the most widespread and well-known species. It can be found in mangrove


title: Mudskipper content: ecosystems and mudflats of East Africa and Madagascar east through the Sundarbans of Bengal, Southeast Asia to Northern Australia, southeast China, and southern Japan, to Samoa and Tonga Islands. It grows to a length of about 9.5 cm and is a carnivorous opportunist feeder. It feeds on small prey such as small crabs and other arthropods. However, a recent molecular study suggests that "P. argentilineatus" is in fact a complex of species, with at least three separate lineages, one in East Africa, and two in the Indo-Malayan region. Another species, "Periophthalmus barbarus", is the only oxudercine goby that inhabits the


title: Mudskipper content: coastal areas of western Africa. Mudskipper Mudskippers are amphibious fish, presently included in the family Oxudercidae, in the subfamily Oxudercinae. There are 32 living species of mudskipper. They use their pectoral fins and pelvic fins to walk on land They typically live in intertidal habitats, and exhibit unique adaptations to this environment that are not found in most intertidal fishes, which typically survive the retreat of the tide by hiding under wet seaweed or in tide pools. Mudskippers are quite active when out of water, feeding and interacting with one another, for example, to defend their territories and court potential


title: "Sajjad Ahmed (cricketer, born 1974)" content: Dhaka Metropolis and Dhaka Division from 2001 to 2006. He scored his only first-class century for Dhaka Metropolis in a victory over Barisal Division in 2000-01. Sajjad Ahmed (cricketer, born 1974) Sajjad Ahmed (born May 20, 1974, Dhaka) is a former Bangladeshi cricketer who played in 2 ODIs in 1995. He was only 19 when he was selected to open against Zimbabwe at Dhaka in autumn 1993. Though these games were not recognized as full ODIs, they were important for Bangladesh's preparation for the 5th ICC Trophy in Kenya. Unfortunately, the young opener couldn't handle the pace of Heath Streak.


title: "Aqueduct of Segovia" content: Aqueduct of Segovia The Aqueduct of Segovia (or more accurately, the aqueduct bridge) is a Roman aqueduct in Segovia, Spain. With the Pont du Gard in France, it is one of the best-preserved elevated Roman aqueducts. It is the foremost symbol of Segovia, as evidenced by its presence on the city's coat of arms. As the aqueduct lacks a legible inscription (one was apparently located in the structure's "attic", or top portion), the date of construction cannot be definitively determined. The general date of the Aqueduct's construction was long a mystery, although it was thought to have been during the


title: "Aqueduct of Segovia" content: 1st century AD, during the reigns of the Emperors Domitian, Nerva, and Trajan. At the end of the 20th century, Géza Alföldy deciphered the text on the dedication plaque by studying the anchors that held the now missing bronze letters in place. He determined that Emperor Domitian (AD 81-96) ordered its construction and the year 98 A.D. was proposed as the most likely date of completion. However, in 2016 evidence was published which points out to a slightly later date, by 112 AD. The beginnings of Segovia are also not definitively known. The Vaccaei people are known to have populated


title: "Aqueduct of Segovia" content: the area before it was conquered by the Romans. Roman troops sent to control the area stayed behind to settle there. The area fell within the jurisdiction of the Roman provincial court (Latin "conventus iuridici", Spanish "convento jurídico") located in Clunia. The aqueduct once transported water from the Rio Frio river, situated in mountains from the city in the La Acebeda region. It runs before arriving in the city. The construction of the aqueduct follows the principles laid out by Vitruvius in his "De Architectura" published in the mid-first century. The water was first gathered in a tank known as


title: "Aqueduct of Segovia" content: "El Caserón" (or "Big House"), and was then led through a channel to a second tower known as the "Casa de Aguas" (or "Waterhouse"). There it was naturally decanted and sand settled out before the water continued its route. Next the water traveled on a one-percent grade until it was high upon the "Postigo", a rocky outcropping on which sits the walled city center with its Alcázar or castle. To reach the old city, the water is conveyed by its aqueduct bridge. At Plaza de Díaz Sanz (Díaz Sanz Plaza), the structure makes an abrupt turn and heads toward Plaza


title: "Aqueduct of Segovia" content: Azoguejo (Azoguejo Plaza). It is there the monument begins to display its full splendor. At its tallest, the aqueduct reaches a height of , including nearly of foundation. There are both single and double arches supported by pillars. From the point the aqueduct enters the city until it reaches Plaza de Díaz Sanz, it includes 75 single arches and 44 double arches (or 88 arches when counted individually), followed by four single arches, totalling 167 arches in all. Within the walled city there was a distribution system. The details of this system are not fully known, but it has been


title: "Aqueduct of Segovia" content: established that the water followed a subterranean route, which has recently been marked on the city´s pavements. The first section of the aqueduct contains 36 semi-circular arches, rebuilt in the 15th century to restore a portion destroyed by the Moors in 1072. The line of arches is organized in two levels, decorated simply, in which simple moulds hold the frame and provide support to the structure. On the upper level, the arches are 5.1 meters (16.1 ft) wide. Built in two levels, the top pillars are both shorter and narrower than those on the lower level. The top of the


title: "Aqueduct of Segovia" content: structure contains the channel through which water travels, through a U-shaped hollow measuring 0.55 tall by 0.46 meter diameter. The top of each pillar has a cross-section measuring 1.8 by 2.5 meters (5.9 by 8.2 feet), while the base cross-section measures 2.4 by 3 meters (7.9 by 9.8 feet). The aqueduct is built of unmortared, brick-like granite blocks. During the Roman era, each of the three tallest arches displayed a sign in bronze letters, indicating the name of its builder along with the date of construction. Today, two niches are still visible, one on each side of the aqueduct. One


title: "Aqueduct of Segovia" content: of them is known to have held the image of Hercules, who, according to legend, was founder of the city. The other niche now contains the images of the "Virgen de la Fuencisla" (the patroness of Segovia) and Saint Stephen. The first reconstruction of the aqueduct took place during the reign of the King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, known as "Los Reyes Católicos" or the Catholic Monarchs. Don Pedro Mesa, the prior of the nearby Jerónimos del Parral monastery, led the project. A total of 36 arches were rebuilt, with great care taken not to change any of the original


title: "Aqueduct of Segovia" content: work or style. Later, in the 16th century, the central niches and above-mentioned statues were placed on the structure. On 4 December, the day of Saint Barbara, who is the patron saint of artillery, the cadets of the local military academy drape the image of the Virgen de la Fuencisla in a flag. The aqueduct is the city's most important architectural landmark. It had been kept functioning throughout the centuries and preserved in excellent condition. It provided water to Segovia until the mid 19th century. Because of differential decay of stone blocks, water leakage from the upper viaduct, and pollution


title: "Aqueduct of Segovia" content: that caused the granite ashlar masonry to deteriorate and crack, the site was listed in the 2006 World Monuments Watch by the World Monuments Fund (WMF). Contrary to popular belief, vibrations caused by traffic that used to pass under the arches did not affect the aqueduct due to its great mass. WMF Spain brought together the Ministry of Culture, the regional government of Castilla y León, and other local institutions to collaborate in implementing the project, and provided assistance through the global financial services company American Express. One of the buildings of Segovia's former mint, the "Real Casa de Moneda",


title: "Aqueduct of Segovia" content: houses an aqueduct interpretation centre, developed with funding from European Economic Area grants. Coins minted in Segovia used the aqueduct as a mint mark. Another link between the aqueduct and the mint is that the 16th-century building harnessed water power. Aqueduct of Segovia The Aqueduct of Segovia (or more accurately, the aqueduct bridge) is a Roman aqueduct in Segovia, Spain. With the Pont du Gard in France, it is one of the best-preserved elevated Roman aqueducts. It is the foremost symbol of Segovia, as evidenced by its presence on the city's coat of arms. As the aqueduct lacks a legible


title: "Fox NASCAR" content: usage. Though it was at one time commonplace for networks to create mascots for sports coverage to incorporate an educational and entertaining element into their coverage, which was the case with Peter Puck, Digger was created purely to add entertainment to the broadcast and reach out to a younger audience. Some NASCAR fans accused Fox of dumbing down and fluffing its coverage in order to gain revenue from Digger merchandise sales. Despite continuous outrage from the NASCAR fan community, as well as talk from the NASCAR community that the Fan Council was not pleased with the situation, Fox did not


title: "Unión Magdalena" content: 10, 1951. The team was founded with the help of José Eduardo Gnecco Correa and Eduardo Dávila Riascos and was formed by the squad of the Hungaria FbC Roma when it was disbanded after a tour in South America. The first team consisted in 10 Colombians, 8 Hungarians, 2 Yugoslavs, 1 Austrian, 1 Argentine, 1 Italian and 1 Romanian. Deportivo Samarios debuted on league that same year and placed 14th. That season, the team achieved the record of the biggest win in the Colombian league against Universidad, with a score of 12–1. The club was re-founded as Unión Magdalena in


title: "Harlan J. Bushfield" content: Harlan J. Bushfield Harlan John Bushfield (August 6, 1882September 27, 1948) was an American politician from South Dakota. He served as the 16th Governor of South Dakota and as a United States Senator. A native of Iowa, Bushfield was raised in Miller, South Dakota. He attended Dakota Wesleyan University, graduated from the University of Minnesota Law School, and became an attorney in Miller. A Republican, he served as State's Attorney of Hand County (1906-1910), and as Miller's city attorney. After unsuccessful campaigns for South Dakota Attorney General (1913, 1918), and the state Supreme Court (1930), Bushfield became chairman of the


title: "Judy Buenoano" content: Judy Buenoano Judias V. “Judy” Buenoano (born Judias Welty, also known as Judias Goodyear and Judias Morris) (April 4, 1943 – March 30, 1998) was an American convicted murderer who was executed for the 1971 murder of her husband James Goodyear. She was also convicted for the 1980 murder of her son Michael Buenoano and of the 1983 attempted murder of her fiancé John Gentry. Buenoano is also acknowledged to have been responsible for the 1978 death of her boyfriend Bobby Joe Morris in Colorado; however, by the time authorities made the connection between Buenoano and Morris, she had already


title: "ClayFighter 2: Judgment Clay" content: into winning the tournament. Octohead attacks with acrobatic cartwheels, and a move that resembles a headspin. His arena is the ocean floor. Googoo - Googoo is a huge baby. He is a bad dude who plays pool, loves women, and chills with his posse in "The Crib". He has a spiked rattle that he uses for almost all of his attacks. He also hurls his bottle at the opponents from a distance. His arena is a street outside of a toy store. Hoppy - Hoppy the "Battle Bunny" was a normal little rabbit before he got ripped by talking to


title: "Daddy-Long-Legs (novel)" content: Webster's interests in social work and women's suffrage. Some scholars have criticized "Daddy-Long-Legs" as being an "anti-feminist fairy tale", while others have argued that Judy shows growing independence, including increasing disobedience to her benefactor and his wishes, and indeed succeeds in educating Daddy-Long-Legs that he cannot control her, and that his socialism needs to move from the academic into real life. This book was Webster's best-known work. Webster herself adapted it into a stage play which debuted in 1914. In addition, it was adapted into a 1952 British stage musical comedy called "Love from Judy," as well as films in


title: "Michael Jackson (footballer, born 1973)" content: by continuing, but he was to remain at the club until the end of the 2009−10 season in a coaching capacity. Jackson continued in his coaching role at Shrewsbury, and was named as caretaker manager for the final match of the 2009−10 season following the dismissal of Paul Simpson. He resumed his coaching role under new manager Graham Turner, and was appointed as caretaker manager again following Turner's resignation on 22 January 2014. He was later given the managerial position on a contract running until the end of the 2013−14 season on 21 February 2014, however he was unable to


title: "Fatal Fury 3: Road to the Final Victory" content: 3" also features a Fighting Level system when fighting against the computer. When the player completes a round, their performance is graded from E to S. The final opponents the player faces at the end of the Single Player Mode is determined then by the player's average. The player will have a choice between four characters as their first opponent (Joe, Mary, Bob and Franco). After the first four opponents are defeated, the player will fight against Ryuji Yamazaki for a plot-based match in which the player must win only one round. The player will then proceed to fight against


title: "Causes of autism" content: attention, as parents may first become aware of autistic symptoms in their child around the time of a routine vaccination, and parental concern about vaccines has led to a decreasing uptake of childhood immunizations and an increasing likelihood of measles outbreaks. However, there is overwhelming scientific evidence showing no causal association between the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine and autism, and there is no scientific evidence that the vaccine preservative thiomersal causes autism. Genetic factors may be the most significant cause for autism spectrum disorders. Early studies of twins had estimated heritability to be over 90%, meaning that genetics explains over 90%


title: Ehden content: home to the Ehden Forest, with a variety of trees, plants, flowers, and rare animals. The forest was declared a protected nature reserve by the Lebanese government in 1992. Ehden’s forest is on the northeast side of Ehden and is an area of 3000 hectares, with a 1300- to 2000-metre elevation from sea level. The approximate elevation is 1893 metres at Al-Jafieh, 1550 metres at Ayn Naasah and 1440 metres at Ayn al-Baq valley. The forest embraces a vital natural forestry reserve with a variety of 40 different types of native plants such as cedars, fir, pine, elm and many


title: "Persuasion (comics)" content: herself, did exactly that and had to be saved by Beaubier. In doing so, he had no choice but to reveal his secret identity as Northstar to everyone in the vicinity. When Beaubier realised that Kara was responsible for the woman's actions, he berated her, but she took control of him and commanded him to take her to a desert island. While swimming on the island, Northstar had to rescue Kara from a crocodile. In the process, Kara lost her control over him when he went underwater. Northstar took her to Tamarind Island, the headquarters of Alpha Flight. Believing that


title: "Juana Azurduy de Padilla" content: who made it free." In her old age, Azurduy adopted an indigenous boy named Indalecio Sandi, who cared for her. The two traveled to Salta to petition the Bolivian govenrnment for the return of her father's property, seized by the Spanish. In 1857, her pension was revoked during bureaucratic reorganization under the government of José María Linares. Azurduy died impoverished on May 25, 1862 at the age of 82, and was buried in a communal grave. At the time of her death, she was forgotten and in poverty, but was remembered as a hero only a century later. Her remains


title: "La Cueva High School" content: La Cueva High School La Cueva High School is a public high school located in northeast Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States, within the Albuquerque Public Schools District. Its mascot is the Bears. The La Cueva feeder schools include Desert Ridge, Madison, and Eisenhower middle schools; and Dennis Chavez, Double Eagle, E. G. Ross, Hubert Humphrey, and North Star elementary schools. La Cueva opened in 1986 with 1200 students. The NMPED (New Mexico Public Education department) replaced the No Child Left Behind Act and AYP testing with a new school grading formula, which took effect for the 2010-11 school year. The


title: "Alchemy (comics)" content: immediately afterwards. Alchemy has the ability to alter the chemical composition of anything he touches into its elemental components. He can also change matter into other forms so long as he fully understands the physical composition of the desired result. In his first appearance he could only change objects into simple chemical elements, usually gold. Due to his study of biochemistry, he can now also change objects into more complex molecules, allowing him to change transmuted living beings back to normal. Alchemy (comics) Alchemy (Thomas 'Jellybeans' Jones) is a fictional British mutant appearing in American comic books published by Marvel


title: "West Brompton" content: as well as Kensington Olympia. The West London Line also provides services between Willesden Junction and Clapham Junction, South Croydon and Gatwick airport. West Brompton F.C. was a 19th-century pioneer football team, who played in the defunct West London Cup along with the likes of Fulham F.C. and Queens Park Rangers F.C.. Between 1869 and 1874 the Middlesex County Cricket Club had its home on the Lillie Grounds, prior to moving to Lord's in St John's Wood, where the turf was judged to be superior. Nevertheless, WG Grace scored a few centuries in West Brompton. John Chambers, who was himself


title: "Santa Prisca, Rome" content: A.D. Similarities between the two Mithraic temples also suggest that those in the cult who had worked on the Mithraeum in Ostia had helped in the construction and painting of the Mithraeum in Santa Prisca. The Cardinal Priest of the "Titulus S. Priscae" is Justin Francis Rigali, Cardinal Archbishop Emeritus of Philadelphia (US). Previous Cardinal-Priests include: Santa Prisca, Rome Santa Prisca is a titular church of Rome, on the Aventine Hill, for Cardinal-priests. It is recorded as the "Titulus Priscae" in the acts of the 499 synod. It is devoted to Saint Prisca, a 1st-century martyr, whose relics are contained


title: "Lapsed power" content: Lapsed power In politics and government, lapsed power is a term often used to describe a certain constitutionally-granted power of government that is no longer used, according to constitutional convention. This may be because the power's original conditions of use no longer exist, making it an anachronism, or simply because the nation's political culture and attitudes have shifted, making the power appear too morally or ethically objectionable to use. However, the power still exists. Examples of lapsed powers include the reserve powers of a monarch under a constitutional monarchy. Constitutional monarchs have significant powers over matters such as the appointment


title: "Pallid-winged grasshopper" content: Pallid-winged grasshopper The pallid-winged grasshopper ("Trimerotropis pallidipennis") is a common grasshopper of the family Acrididae, native to the deserts of western North America from British Columbia to Argentina. They are more active during the summer months, and their pale, mottled coloration makes them hard to see against surfaces such as the granite often found in the gravel of dry river beds. They grow to be . The behavior of the pallid-winged grasshopper is apparently determined by temperature, with foraging occurring at temperatures of and mating at . Populations of the pallid-winged grasshopper occasionally irrupt to damaging numbers. Between 1952 and


title: "Pallid-winged grasshopper" content: 1980, there were six outbreaks in Arizona, only one of which lasted more than one year. Pallid-winged grasshopper The pallid-winged grasshopper ("Trimerotropis pallidipennis") is a common grasshopper of the family Acrididae, native to the deserts of western North America from British Columbia to Argentina. They are more active during the summer months, and their pale, mottled coloration makes them hard to see against surfaces such as the granite often found in the gravel of dry river beds. They grow to be . The behavior of the pallid-winged grasshopper is apparently determined by temperature, with foraging occurring at temperatures of and


title: "The Comsat Angels" content: the height of his popularity at this point in the 1980s. Palmer facilitated the Comsat Angels' signing to Island Records, and he served as executive producer for their next album, "Chasing Shadows" (1986) and even sang on one song, "You'll Never Know". That album's music is viewed as the band's return to their dark, brooding roots. The U.S.-based Communications Satellite Corporation threatened to take legal measures against the band for supposedly plagiarizing their name. Because of this, the band were renamed C.S. Angels in the United States. For the follow-up, they talked Island into letting them build their own studio.


title: "Ethernet crossover cable" content: are wired one way and another's the other way, yet both are correct and will work. In either case, T568A or T568B, a normal (un-crossed) cable will have both ends wired identically according to the layout in either the "Connection 1" column or the "Connection 2" column. Certain equipment or installations, including those in which phone and/or power are mixed with data in the same cable, may require that the "non-data" pairs 1 and 4 (pins 4, 5, 7 and 8) remain un-crossed. For most optical fiber variants of Ethernet, fibers are used in pairs with one fiber for each


title: "College football on television" content: to protect attendance. A 1984 ruling declaring the NCAA's television restrictions illegal, along with the introduction of sports-specific television networks has increased the amount of air-time available for coverage. Today, dozens of games are available for viewing each week of the football season. Other coverage includes local broadcasts of weekly coach's programs. These programs have become an important sources of revenue for the universities and their athletics programs. Coverage is dependent on negotiations between the broadcaster and the college football conference or team. The televised games may change from year-to-year depending on which teams are having a strong season, although


title: "Grayson Highlands State Park" content: Grayson Highlands State Park Grayson Highlands State Park is a state park located in Grayson County, Virginia, United States. It is adjacent to the Mount Rogers National Recreation Area and lies within the Jefferson National Forest. The park was established in 1965 and contains a total of . The park hosts a number of outdoor activities including hiking, camping, mountainbiking, horseback riding, and backpacking. A 2.8 mile (4.5 km) portion of the Appalachian Trail runs through the park in addition to a number of other hiking and horseback riding trails. The state park is musically notable as the home for


title: "Grayson Highlands State Park" content: the Grayson Highlands Fall Festival as well as weekly jam sessions by local folk musicians, who draw upon the traditional styles of the Blue Ridge area. The park is also home to the Wayne C. Henderson Festival and Guitar Competition, a regionally important festival and guitarist contest named for local notable guitar-maker Wayne Henderson. The park hosts forests like those on nearby Mount Rogers, as well as a number of mountain meadows or balds. These meadows provide excellent views of the surrounding area and present a striking change in scenery from the surrounding forests. The balds are dominated by large


title: "Grayson Highlands State Park" content: rocky outcroppings clear of vegetation excepting the occasional windswept tree and low grasses. The balds are inhabited by a herd of introduced ponies allowed to run wild within the confines of the park. The ponies are very accustomed to humans and rarely halt their grazing as hikers pass close by. Many locals touch and feed the ponies, though this practice is frowned upon and against park policy. Each year, park officials round up the herd and check for health problems in addition to reducing the herd size if necessary; the excess colts are sold at auction. The Wayne C. Henderson


title: "Grayson Highlands State Park" content: Music Festival and Guitar Competition is held at the park every June. The festival, named for local musician and luthier Wayne C. Henderson, features old time music and bluegrass music. The Grayson Highlands Fall Festival is an annual event held at the park during the fall. The festival hosts a variety of entertainment including live bluegrass and traditional music, molasses making, and demonstrations focusing on pioneer-living. The festival is also home to a local crafts fair and auctions for the selling of excess colts from the "wild" pony herd managed by the Wilburn Ridge Pony Association. The following state parks


title: "Grayson Highlands State Park" content: are within of Grayson Highlands State Park: Grayson Highlands State Park Grayson Highlands State Park is a state park located in Grayson County, Virginia, United States. It is adjacent to the Mount Rogers National Recreation Area and lies within the Jefferson National Forest. The park was established in 1965 and contains a total of . The park hosts a number of outdoor activities including hiking, camping, mountainbiking, horseback riding, and backpacking. A 2.8 mile (4.5 km) portion of the Appalachian Trail runs through the park in addition to a number of other hiking and horseback riding trails. The state park


title: "Shaun Suisham" content: four field goals of 40 yards or longer, including an OT game-winner, in one game, but Suisham has done it twice. Suisham had a 5 field goal effort of 40+ yards for the Redskins in a 23-20 overtime victory over the Jets in 2007. On December 5, 2010, Suisham made two field goals in the Steelers 13-10 victory against the Baltimore Ravens. He also handled the punting duties for the Steelers after Daniel Sepulveda tore his ACL. On December 12, 2010, Suisham made three field goals in the Steelers' victory over the Bengals. Suisham finished the regular season 14 of


title: "Yoram Gross" content: Film in Tehran and also won a Sammy Award for the Best Animated Film at the 1978 Australian Film Institute Television Awards. After that, Gross produced, directed and scripted a total of sixteen feature films for children. Eight of these films continue the adventures of Dot from the original film "Dot and the Kangaroo". "Dot and the Bunny" (1984) was the winner of the 1983 Best Animated Film at the 28th Asia Pacific Film Festival, and "Dot and Keeto" (1985) won the Red Ribbon Award at the 1986 American Film and Video Festival. To co-ordinate with the release of his


title: "Mark Summers" content: Mark Summers Mark Summers is the CEO, sample replay producer, sound engineer and music producer of Scorccio Sample Replays, a music production company founded in the UK in 1996. He is also a guest lecturer and masterclass presenter on sample replay production, sound engineering, DJ culture, sampling and the music industry to BA and MA students at Leeds Beckett University, UK. Guest Speaker on the panel discussion "Can Derivative Works Double Music Revenues?" at the New Music Seminar in New York, June 2015. His productions have been featured on hits for Sam Smith, The Prodigy, Pitbull, Fatboy Slim, Bob Sinclar,


title: "Professor Ivo" content: "a bomb waiting to go off". 5 years later into the current day, Amazo had officially appeared in "Justice League" #8 being defeated by the Justice League. Later the head of A.R.G.U.S. and the world's former liaison to the Justice League Colonel Steve Trevor and his aide Etta Candy were discussing the events, saying the League's fight with Amazo caused millions of dollars in damages and the city is wanting to sue someone, which leads A.R.G.U.S. to establish that the damage was Green Arrow's fault, stating the "Justice League" does not make mistakes. It is shortly revealed that Ivo faked


title: "Roy Nichols" content: Roy Nichols Roy Nichols (October 21, 1932 – July 3, 2001) was an American country music guitarist best known as the lead guitarist for country music legend Merle Haggard's band The Strangers for more than two decades. He was known for his guitar technique, a mix of fingerpicking and pedal steel-like bends, usually played on a Fender Telecaster electric guitar. Nichols is considered one of the founders of the country music subgenre the “Bakersfield Sound,” which includes such notable country artists as Haggard, Buck Owens, and Don Rich. Roy Ernest Nichols was born in Chandler, Arizona, to Bruce and Lucille


title: "Donna Payant" content: due to the 50-year sentence he was already facing. They reasoned that he would never leave prison anyway, so the indictments were dismissed. For having killed Officer Payant, Smith received a third murder conviction, and was originally sentenced to death, but the sentence was commuted as unconstitutional. As of 2016, Payant was the sole female correctional officer in New York State to die in the line of duty. Donna Payant Donna Payant née Collins (March 22, 1950 – May 15, 1981) was a New York state corrections officer who was murdered while on duty at Green Haven Correctional Facility. She


title: "Bertram Wainer" content: minor criminal. He alleged that the conversation indicated that the policeman had accepted a bribe. After some initial inquiries has been made, the Hamer government set up an inquiry headed by Barry Beach, QC. It found that the health of the force was "not well". However, only 33 of the 55 police named by Beach were charged and all of them were acquitted. In 1975, Wainer was interviewed on the ABC TV Norman Gunston show. He ran for the seat of Casey in the 1980 election, achieving 3.97% of the vote. He died of a heart attack in 1987 at


title: "David Macfarlane" content: David Macfarlane David Macfarlane (born 1952 in Hamilton, Ontario) is a Canadian journalist, playwright and novelist. His debut novel, 1999's "Summer Gone", was shortlisted for the Giller Prize and was a winner of the Books in Canada First Novel Award. His Newfoundland family memoir, "The Danger Tree," (published as "Come From Away" in the US) published in 1991, was greeted with extraordinary international acclaim. His most recent novel, "The Figures of Beauty," published in 2013, won the Bressani Literary Prize. It was described by the Wall Street Journal as "a moving tale of love, fate, and regret." David Macfarlane’s magazine


title: DxDiag content: The System tab displays the current DirectX version, the computer's hostname, the operating system's version, information on the system BIOS, and other data. The DirectX Files tab displays information about the versions of specific DirectX system files, which are portable executables or dynamic-link libraries (DLLs). DxDiag displays information about the current display settings and the video hardware on the Display tab. If the computer has more than one monitor, then DxDiag will display a separate tab for each monitor. This tab can disable DirectDraw, Direct3D, and/or AGP Texture Acceleration for troubleshooting purposes. If the installed display driver has passed Windows


title: "Theatre of Zambia" content: was significant in the development of local drama. The Central African Broadcasting Services was founded in 1948 by Harry Franklin, a government information officer, and targeted indigenous listeners, with programs not only in English but in a variety of local languages. Africans trained in radio techniques included Andreya Masiye, author of Zambia's first full-length play; his 1973 "The Lands of Kazembe" performed at the Chikwakwa Theatre adapted his 1957 radio play "Kazembe and the Portuguese". In addition to formally-written plays, radio also broadcast ongoing improvised plays. For instance, "Malikopo" was a long-running weekly satirical radio drama in siTonga starring Edward


title: "Sri Lankan Tamils" content: the Thai Pongal day, and possibly on Tamil New Year Day. There are seven worshipped deities: Ayyanar, Annamar, Vairavar, Kali, Pillaiyar, Murukan, or Pattini. Villages have more Pillaiyar temples, which are patronised by local farmers. Tamil Roman Catholics, along with members of other faiths, worship at the Shrine of Our Lady of Madhu. Hindus have several temples with historic importance such as those at Ketheeswaram, Koneswaram, Naguleswaram, Munneswaram, Tondeswaram, and Nallur Kandaswamy. Kataragama temple and Adam's Peak are attended by all religious communities. Sri Lankan Tamils predominantly speak Tamil and its Sri Lankan dialects. These dialects are differentiated by the


title: "1999–2000 in English football" content: May 2000 — Chelsea beat Aston Villa 1–0 in the last FA Cup final to be played at Wembley before the 77-year-old stadium is rebuilt. Roberto Di Matteo, who scored for Chelsea in the opening minute of their 1997 triumph, scores the only goal of the game. 29 May 2000 — Ipswich Town seal promotion to the Premier League after a five-year exile by defeating Barnsley 4–2 in the Division One playoff final at Wembley. It is their first win at Wembley since they won the FA Cup in 1978. 30 May 2000 — Arsenal sign Cameroon defender Lauren for


title: "Little black cormorant" content: Little black cormorant The little black cormorant ("Phalacrocorax sulcirostris") is a member of the cormorant family of seabirds. It is common in smaller rivers and lakes throughout most areas of Australia and northern New Zealand, where it is known as the little black shag. It is around sixty centimetres long, and is all black with blue-green eyes. The little black cormorant was originally described by Johann Friedrich von Brandt in 1837. Its specific epithet is derived from the Latin words "sulcus" "groove", and "rostrum" "bill". The common name in New Zealand is the little black shag. The little black cormorant


title: "Little black cormorant" content: is a small cormorant measuring with all black plumage. The back has a greenish sheen. In breeding season, white feathers appear irregularly about the head and neck, with a whitish eyebrow evident. The plumage is a more fade brown afterwards. Males and females are identical in plumage. The long slender bill is grey, and legs and feet black. The iris of the adult is green and the juvenile brown. Immature birds have brown and black plumage. The little black cormorant ranges from the Malay Peninsula through Indonesia (but excluding Sumatra) and New Guinea (including the D'Entrecasteaux Islands) and throughout Australia.


title: "Little black cormorant" content: It is found in New Zealand's North Island. It is a predominantly freshwater species, found in bodies of water inland and occasionally sheltered coastal areas. It is almost always encountered in or near water. The little black cormorant feeds mainly on fish, and eats a higher proportion of fish than the frequently co-occurring little pied cormorant, which eats more decapods. A field study at two storage lakes, Lake Cargelligo and Lake Brewster, in south-western New South Wales found that the introduced common carp made up over half of its food intake. More gregarious than other cormorants, the little black cormorant


title: "Little black cormorant" content: can be found in large flocks. Groups sometimes fly in V formations. Breeding occurs once a year in spring or autumn in southern Australia, and before or after the monsoon in tropical regions. The nest is a small platform built of dried branches and sticks in the forks of trees that are standing in water. Nests are often located near other waterbirds such as other cormorants, herons, ibis, or spoonbills. Three to five (rarely six or seven) pale blue oval eggs measuring 48 x 32 mm are laid. The eggs are covered with a thin layer of lime, giving them


title: "Little black cormorant" content: a matte white coated appearance. They become increasingly stained with faeces, as does the nest, over the duration of the breeding season. Little black cormorant The little black cormorant ("Phalacrocorax sulcirostris") is a member of the cormorant family of seabirds. It is common in smaller rivers and lakes throughout most areas of Australia and northern New Zealand, where it is known as the little black shag. It is around sixty centimetres long, and is all black with blue-green eyes. The little black cormorant was originally described by Johann Friedrich von Brandt in 1837. Its specific epithet is derived from the


title: "Captivity (animal)" content: banging on the barrier, and that low zoo visitor density caused gorillas to behave in a more relaxed way. Captive animals often cannot escape the attention and disruption caused by the general public, and the stress resulting from this lack of environmental control may lead to an increased rate of self-injurious behaviors. On top of self inflicted harm, some animals exhibit harm towards others and internal psychological harm. This can be exhibited in various forma, such as Orca whales, which never have killed a human in the wild, killing two of its own trainers. Psychological tics can also be identified,


title: "Steyr M" content: close to the shooter's hand and makes the Steyr M more comfortable to shoot by reducing muzzle rise and allowing for faster aim recovery in rapid shooting sequence. Hammerless and striker-fired, the Steyr M features a double action only (DAO) pre-set trigger mechanism marketed as a "Reset Action" trigger. When the trigger is in the forward position, the firing pin spring remains lightly compressed (pre-cocked by the forward motion of the slide as it returns to battery). Pulling the trigger all the way to the back will compress the firing pin spring completely, draw the firing pin fully to the


title: "Vysokopetrovsky Monastery" content: Vysokopetrovsky Monastery Vysokopetrovsky Monastery (Russian: Высокопетровский монастырь, English: "High Monastery of St Peter") is a Russian Orthodox monastery in the Bely Gorod of Moscow commanding a hill whence Petrovka Street descends towards the Kremlin. The monastery is believed to have been founded in the 1320s by Saint Peter of Moscow, the first Russian metropolitan to move his see in Moscow. The cloister gave its name to adjacent Petrovka Street, one of the streets radiating from Red Square. In the late 17th century, the Naryshkin boyars, maternal relatives of Peter the Great, turned the monastery into their family burial place. They


title: "Vysokopetrovsky Monastery" content: had it reconstructed in the Naryshkin Baroque style of architecture associated with their name. In the mid-18th century, several subsidiary structures were added, conceivably to designs by Dmitry Ukhtomsky or Ivan Fyodorovich Michurin. , dedicated to St Peter of Moscow, was long regarded as a typical monument of the Naryshkin style and dated to 1692. In the 1970s the detailed studies of sources and excavations of the site revealed that the katholikon had been actually built in 1514-1517 by Aloisio the New. In 1926 the monastery was closed. In 1992 several buildings of the monastery were returned to Russian Orthodox


title: "Vysokopetrovsky Monastery" content: Church. As of 2005, the buildings are shared by the Russian Orthodox Church and the Moscow Literature Museum. Vysokopetrovsky Monastery Vysokopetrovsky Monastery (Russian: Высокопетровский монастырь, English: "High Monastery of St Peter") is a Russian Orthodox monastery in the Bely Gorod of Moscow commanding a hill whence Petrovka Street descends towards the Kremlin. The monastery is believed to have been founded in the 1320s by Saint Peter of Moscow, the first Russian metropolitan to move his see in Moscow. The cloister gave its name to adjacent Petrovka Street, one of the streets radiating from Red Square. In the late 17th century,


title: "Jackson Ward" content: Jackson Ward Jackson Ward is a historically African-American district in Richmond, Virginia with a long tradition of African-American businesses. It is located less than a mile from the Virginia State Capitol, sitting to the west of Court End and north of Broad Street. It was listed as a National Historic Landmark District in 1978. "Jackson Ward" was originally the name of the area's political district within the city, or ward, from 1871 to 1905, yet has remained in use long after losing its original meaning. After the American Civil War, previously free blacks joined freed slaves and their descendants and


title: "Jackson Ward" content: created a thriving African-America business community, and became known as the "Black Wall Street of America." Leaders included such influential people as John Mitchell, Jr., editor of the "Richmond Planet", an African American newspaper, and Maggie L. Walker. Ms. Walker was the first woman to charter and serve as president of an American bank, all the more remarkable an accomplishment as she was both African-American and was mobility-impaired. The Maggie L. Walker National Historic Site at her former Jackson Ward home is operated by the National Park Service. The house was designated a National Historic Site in 1978 and opened


title: "Jackson Ward" content: as a museum in 1985. As a center for both black commerce and entertainment, Jackson Ward was also called the "Harlem of the South". Venues along "The Deuce " (2nd Street) such as the Hippodrome Theater were frequented by the likes of Duke Ellington, Ella Fitzgerald, Bill "Bojangles" Robinson, Lena Horne, Cab Calloway, Billie Holiday, Nat King Cole, James Brown and other Chitlin' circuit performers. Today, a statue of Robinson dancing on a staircase is at the center of the neighborhood at the intersection of Chamberlayne Parkway and West Leigh Street. Other notable residents included Bishop F. M. Whittle, Addolph


title: "Jackson Ward" content: Dill and Max Robinson and brother Randall Robinson. Jackson Ward was central to the Civil Rights Movement in Richmond. In 1940, the Virginia General Assembly created the Richmond Housing Authority, which could condemn property as well as issue bonds to construct housing. In 1941, 1956 and 1961, the city (which initially had no African-Americans on the city council) hired Harland Bartholomew & Associates to plan for redevelopment. The redevelopment plans targeted Jackson Ward, and had the effect of severely disintegrating the historic community's social structure, as well as clustered low-income persons in Jackson Ward and nearby Church Hill, and destroyed


title: "Jackson Ward" content: much of the pre-existing housing stock in order to construct freeways, broad urban boulevards, office buildings, the Richmond Coliseum, the Greater Richmond Convention Center and a smaller number of housing units controlled by the Richmond Housing Authority. The Richmond Housing Authority, initially controlled by the city's white business elite, first targeted the sub-neighborhood known as Apostle Town, adjacent to Maggie Walker's Penny Savings Bank. It built 297 units of public housing known as Gilpin Court to replace 200 houses. However, only 25 of 576 applicants for the new spaces (all segregated by race until 1964) had families who had lived


title: "Jackson Ward" content: in Apostle Town. During the 1950s, Richmond destroyed 4700 units of housing in black neighborhoods and replaced them with 1736 units of public housing, mostly concentrated in Richmond's East End and all within three miles of Richmond's center. While some displaced people received small grants, as well as priority in applying for housing in the new projects, many found the public housing demeaning or simply unattractive. Both black and white realtors practiced blockbusting. As urban renewal progressed, many historic black churches followed their congregations and moved from Jackson Ward to north Richmond. These included the First African Baptist Church and


title: "Jackson Ward" content: St. Philip's Episcopal Church. Both moved to churches formerly used by white congregations who had followed their congregations to suburban Lakeside. Between 1950 and 1960, Richmond's population decreased by 10,000 persons, while surrounding Henrico County (which had 57,340 people in 1950) grew to 117,339 residents by the 1960 census. Meanwhile, the Richmond housing authority built Creighton Court (1952), Fairfield Court (1958) and Whitcomb Court (1958), all in Richmond's East End. In 1946 R. Stuart Royer and Associates, a consulting firm, proposed a turnpike that Richmond voters twice rejected in public referenda. However, the Virginia General Assembly (with no black members


title: "Jackson Ward" content: at the time) then created the Richmond-Petersburg Turnpike Authority in 1954, which four months later announced the highway would be built through Jackson Ward. The consultants' initial report had insisted that destroying existing housing "offers no serious obstacle to a highway location." The expressway destroyed 1000 homes, cut a block-wide barrier canyon through what had been the neighborhood's historic center, blocked 31 streets and eliminated pedestrian pathways between the newly created halves. However, the neighborhood banded together to rescue Sixth Mount Zion Baptist Church, which had been established in 1867 by Rev. John Jasper and initially occupied a building purchased


title: "Jackson Ward" content: from white Presbyterians but which had been renovated in 1887 and held 1400 worshipers. The church secretary, Cerelia Johnson, worked as an elevator operator in Richmond's City Hall, and conveyed discussions she overheard in the corridors of power to pastor Dr. A.W. Brown. The highway (now part of I-95) was rerouted slightly, and the church became the only building to remain on the north side of Duval Street. The turnpike opened in 1958, but Sixth Mount Zion's congregation lost 1000 members. Jackson Ward housed many involved in the desegregation battles that culminated in the Massive Resistance crisis of 1955-1965. Lawyers


title: "Jackson Ward" content: Oliver Hill, Martin A. Martin and Spottswood William Robinson III, represented many Virginians in cases brought with the help of the NAACP. The predecessor firm helped achieve pay equity for black teachers before World War II, and after the war helped desegregate Richmond's schools. The represented the plaintiffs in "Davis v. County School Board of Prince Edward County", one of the cases that was part of the U.S. Supreme Court decision in "Brown v. Board of Education", which declared segregation in public schools as unconstitutional. After Martin's death, the firm continued with Hill, and later attorneys Samuel Wilbert Tucker and


title: "Jackson Ward" content: Henry L. Marsh Ironically, after desegregation, as black Virginians became more widely integrated into Richmond's other business and residential areas, Jackson Ward's role as a center of black commerce and entertainment declined. Like most older urban neighborhoods of a similar era, the housing stock of Jackson Ward deteriorated as absentee landlords took over from single-family households. However, Richmond also developed what became the sixth highest concentration of public housing stock among cities over 200,000 people. For example, the Richmond Housing Authority built Mosby Court East and Mosby Court West in 1962 (all within a mile of Creighton Court, Fairfield Court


title: "Jackson Ward" content: and Whitcomb Court), then the 30 acre site made possible through urban clearance received a new school, Mosby School, designed to hold 1500 junior high school students and 1000 elementary school students. In 1966, the General Assembly created the Richmond Metropolitan Authority, with the power of eminent domain, to build a toll road from suburban Chesterfield County (mainly white) to downtown through the black East End and an adjoining low income white neighborhood. It displaced 1000 people and obliterated the historic Penitentiary Bottom sub-neighborhood. By the 1970s, Richmond's city council had become majority black, so another proposed superhighway project designed


title: "Jackson Ward" content: as a downtown bypass (and which would effectively enclose the five public housing projects in a box) received no support. Also, the city council secured identification of the Maggie Walker House as a national landmark, and preservation of the Leigh Street corridor. Nonetheless, the last government-sponsored neighborhood revitalization project (begun in 1970 and with much of the bulldozing completed by 1973) effectively destroyed a 2800-person multigenerational neighborhood known as Fulton Bottom, before new federal requirements for paying those displaced led to that project becoming stalled until 2011. The Fulton Bottom revitalization plan had reserved most of the 370 acres for


title: "Jackson Ward" content: industrial sites, and industrial boulevard and flood control. Toward the end of the 20th century, Richmond worked to revitalized Jackson Ward, including its pre-existing housing stock. The National Park Service assisted by restoring the Maggie L. Walker house, as well as listing the neighborhood on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976 and as a historic district in 1978. In the 1980s, historic tax credits by the federal government aided the restoration of dozens of houses on Leigh, Marshall and Clay Streets. City officials hoped that construction of the Greater Richmond Convention Center and Visitors Bureau at the eastern


title: "Jackson Ward" content: edge of Jackson Ward would bring renewed vitality to the neighborhood. However, convention center's construction destroyed a number of historic houses (including that used by the Hill, Tucker and Marsh law firm), and separated Jackson Ward from much of downtown. Vacant and substandard houses in the neighborhood have been targeted in Richmond's Neighborhoods in Bloom program. In some areas, the progress of renovation has been slow, most notably with the First Virginia Volunteers Battalion Armory, best known as the Leigh Street Armory. In the mid-1980s, the Richmond School Board leased the armory building to the Black History Museum and Cultural


title: "Jackson Ward" content: Center of Virginia, and the museum is expected to open in the armory in 2015. Many Richmond residents have bought houses in Jackson Ward to renovate and restore in order to live in an historic area and revive the cultural character of the neighborhood . Each first Friday of the month, First Fridays Artwalk is held at night on Broad Street. Art Galleries open their doors to an outdoor party that includes live music, including Jazz and Salsa. Local restaurants, bars and a coffee shops serve customers who come to the First Fridays Art Walk. Since the start of the


title: "Jackson Ward" content: 21st century, the neighborhood's reputation has rapidly changed from being that of a high crime neighborhood, into a popular historic district which rivals that of the Fan, and Church Hill. However, the revival of the neighborhood has led to gentrification controversy, particularly since while in 2000 it still had a majority African American population, by 2010 nearly twice as many white people as black lived in the neighborhood. Furthermore, the neighborhood's continued change focuses development on mixed-use new construction as much as restoration of existing historic buildings. The earliest houses of Jackson Ward were a series of small cottages built


title: "Jackson Ward" content: in the Federal style. By the later 1830s up until the Civil War, the Greek Revival style was prominent, which represents a major part of Richmond's pre-war architectural heritage. And then beginning in the 1850s the Italianate styles. A major part of the district's visual appeal and charm derived from the contrast between the two ornamental and austere characteristics of the two styles. Early on, the neighborhood held a mix of German, Jewish, English and African American residents. In fact, St Mary's German Catholic Church was built on Marshal St to serve the growing German Catholic immigrant community that had