title: Akola content: soybean plants have come up in the area. The total land under Akola MIDC Industrial area is 6.25 km. There are about 25 factories (3 large factories and 22 small factories) currently in production and another 10 small factories are in the process of being constructed. Maharashtra Government has sanctioned growth centres close to Akola MIDC area. An application of the Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation (MIDC) for setting up an agro-processing Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in Akola district has been approved. Maharashtra State Seeds corporation (Mahabeej) has head office at Akola. There is a growing demand for setting up divisional


title: "Villa of the Papyri" content: of Latin papyri at a lower, as yet unexcavated level of the Villa." In 1970, oil billionaire J. Paul Getty engaged the architectural firm of Langdon and Wilson to create a replica of the Villa dei Papiri to serve as an art museum based on his collection of antiquities. Based on Weber's plans published in "Le Antichità di Ercolano", the museum was built on Getty's Malibu ranch in 1972-74. Architectural consultant Norman Neuerburg and the curator of Getty's antiquities, Jiří Frel, worked closely with Getty and the architects to insure the accuracy of the museum building's design . Since the


title: "Ipswich and Rosewood railway line" content: Bridge was built to accommodate two tracks in 1876, though only one was laid at the time. The line west of Ipswich was duplicated to Wulkuraka in 1902 and to Grandchester (past Rosewood) in 1913. The section from Roma Street to Corinda (11 km) was quadruplicated in 1963, and extended to Darra (a further 5 km) in 2011, which became the junction for the first section of the new Springfield line at that time. The Roma Street–Darra section was the first section electrified in 1979, with the section to Ipswich electrified in 1980. The line was electrified from Ipswich to


title: "Bombardier Global Express" content: Bombardier Global Express The Bombardier Global Express is a large cabin, 6,000 nmi / 11,100 km range business jet manufactured by Bombardier Aerospace. Announced in October 1991, it first flew on 13 October 1996 and received its type certification on 31 July 1998. Powered by two BMW-Rolls-Royce BR710s, it shares its fuselage cross section with the Canadair jets with a new wing and tail. The shorter range Global 5000 is slightly smaller and the Global 6000 is updated and has been modified for military missions. The Global 5500/6500 with new Rolls-Royce Pearl engines with lower fuel burn and more range


title: "Bombardier Global Express" content: were unveiled in May 2018. The larger and stretched Global 7500/8000 have longer ranges. Bombardier Aerospace began studies in 1991 and the Global Express was announced on 28 October 1991 at the NBAA convention. Full-scale cabin mockup was exhibited at the NBAA convention in September 1992. Conceptual design started in early 1993 and the programme was launched on 20 December 1993. The aircraft high-speed configuration was frozen in June 1994 and the low-speed configuration was established in August 1994. The first flight occurred on 13 October 1996. After four prototypes flew 2,200 h, Canadian type certification was granted on 31


title: "Bombardier Global Express" content: July 1998 before European and US approvals, and service entry in 1999. The aircraft is assembled at the Downsview Airport in Toronto. It is then flown for final completion to Montreal, Savannah, Georgia, or Cahokia, Illinois. The major external supplier is Japan's Mitsubishi Heavy Industries which builds the wing and centre fuselage sections at its Toronto facility. Bombardier subsidiaries have three specific roles in the project: Canadair is the design leader and manufactures the nose; Short Brothers in Belfast is responsible for the design and manufacture of the engine nacelles, horizontal stabiliser and forward fuselage; and de Havilland Canada builds


title: "Bombardier Global Express" content: the rear fuselage and vertical tail, and carries out final assembly. In 2015, Bombardier announced to reduce production because of lower demand caused by slowing economy and geopolitics in markets such as Latin America, Russia and China. The Global Express features a new supercritical airfoil with a 35° wing sweep and winglets. It is powered by two BMW-Rolls-Royce BR710 turbofans with FADEC. The flightdeck features a six screen Honeywell Primus 2000 XP EFIS suite. Turbulence is attenuated by the flexible wing. It shares its fuselage cross section with the Canadair CL-600 and Bombardier CRJ with a new T-tail. The Global


title: "Bombardier Global Express" content: is the business jet with the second largest cabin after the Gulfstream G650. It can accommodate 12 to 16 passengers in three cabin sections: mostly a forward four-chair club section, a central four-seat conference grouping and an aft three-place divan facing two chairs. Most have a forward galley, crew rest chair and crew lavatory. The 10.3-psi cabin pressurization maintains a 4,500-ft. cabin altitude up to FL 450 and 5,680 ft. at the FL 510 ceiling. It can fly intercontinental ranges without refuelling (e.g. New York City–Tokyo) or between most two points in the world with only one stop. In this


title: "Bombardier Global Express" content: class the Global Express competes with the Airbus Corporate Jet, Boeing Business Jet and Gulfstream G550/650. Mostly missions are 3.5 to 4.5 h long for 1,500 to 2,000 nmi, but can extend to 10 hr at Mach 0.85 (488 knots at ISA) or 12 h at Mach 0.82-0.83 (476 knots ISA), 13 h at most with clear weather at the destination and multiple alternates nearby. It burns 5,000 lb. of fuel for the first hour, 4,000 lb the second, 3,000 lb the third and 2,500 lb during the final hour. A checks come at 750 h intervals and C checks


title: "Bombardier Global Express" content: have been extended from 15 to 30 months in 2012. The average trip lengths for most operators is 2.5 hours where the aircraft will cruise between Mach 0.85 and Mach 0.89, making it one of the fastest long range jets available today. The maximum certified altitude is and the typical approach speed is requiring approximately of runway for landing. The Global Express (XRS) and Global 6000 type certificate designation is BD-700-1A10 while the Global 5000 is BD-700-1A11. The Global 5000 was announced on 25 October 2001 and launched on 5 February 2002 with letters of intent for 15 aircraft with


title: "Bombardier Global Express" content: a MTOW and a range at Mach 0.85. The first aircraft flew on 7 March 2003. It was introduced in April 2005, and there were 224 in service in 2018. In April 2008, Bombardier lifted its MTOW to to increase Mach .85 range to . Its cabin is shorter than the Global 6000 with a lower MTOW depending on service bulletins, for a range at . The spec basic operating weight is but are actually closer to . Early models kept the Global Express Honeywell Primus 2000XP avionics, updated with Rockwell Collins Fusion avionics since 2012. It can carry between


title: "Bombardier Global Express" content: eight and 19 passengers, the new seat converts to a full berth; there is an optional private room aft and the galley has room to prepare 16 five-course meals. It was priced at $40M in 2008, it has forward and aft lavatories, the crew rest area was removed, but could be restored. The tail fuel tank is removed and fuel is limited in the wings, some avionics are rearranged to gain usable cabin length and the interior completions allowance is 3,200 kg. At high-speed cruise, it burns of fuel in the first hour, then the second hour and for the


title: "Bombardier Global Express" content: third hour. In 2018, Early models with Honeywell avionics are sold for $10-20 million, while post-2012 aircraft with the modern Cockpit can fetch $22-36 million. Major inspection every 180 months cost $800,000-1.2 million and two 8,000h engine overhauls can run $4 million. The cheaper and more efficient Gulfstream G450 or Falcon 900LX are slower, have less range and smaller cabins. The Global Express XRS was announced on 6 October 2003 during the NBAA Convention at Orlando, Florida. The Global 6000 offers higher cruise speed, increased range, improved cabin layout and lighting. The range increase is achieved by addition of a


title: "Bombardier Global Express" content: 1,486 lb (674 kg) fuel tank at the wing root. Bombardier claims it takes 15 minutes less to fuel the Global 6000 than the original model thanks to improved computer systems and mechanical refinements. The Global 6000 entered service in early 2012. Bombardier's Vision flight deck is equipped with Rockwell Collins Pro Line Fusion avionics from the Express/XRS Honeywell Primus 2000. It has improved acoustical insulation compared to its predecessor. By 2018, competition from the Gulfstream G650ER pressured it to a $40 million value from $62 million in 2016. On 27 May 2018, Bombardier unveiled the Global 5500 and 6500


title: "Bombardier Global Express" content: developments expected to enter service at the end of 2019 with an optimized wing for a Mach 0.90 top speed, a revamped cabin inspired from the Global 7500 with its "Nuage" seat and updated Rolls-Royce BR710 Pearl engines with up to 13% lower fuel burn for better operating costs, better hot and high performance and of additional range for , respectively. The engines have 9% more thrust, their certification was announced and are already test flying. The Global 5500 lists for $46 million while the Global 6500 lists for $56 million. By October, 70% of the flight testing hours were


title: "Bombardier Global Express" content: completed. The programme involves two flight-test Global 6500s, as the 5500 is a simple shrink. The redesigned wings are built by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. By December, the flight-test program was nearly three-quarters complete. The Global Express has been modified for military missions. A BD-700 has also carried the High-Altitude Lidar Operational Experiment (HALOE) payload, deploying to Africa and Afghanistan to survey large areas rapidly. Most operators fly 450 to 600 h per year, but fleet operators fly more than 100 h per month. Half the 6000s are registered in North America, mostly in USA. NetJets operates at least six and


title: "Bombardier Global Express" content: large corporations like Aetna, Caterpillar, CitiGroup, Limited Brands, McDonald's and Texas Instruments fly the aircraft. Malta-based VistaJet operates six 6000s, along with five Global 5000 and two Global XRSs, and Lisbon-based NetJets Europe flies four 6000s. A dozen 6000s are registered in the Isle of Man for anonymity, a few are registered in the Cayman Islands. Four are registered in Austria, three in Switzerland, two in France and Denmark, and one each in Finland, Germany, Ireland and Turkey. Three are registered in China, one in Malaysia and one in Hong Kong. Two are based in São Paulo, two are in


title: "Bombardier Global Express" content: South Africa and one is in India. In February 2015, over 600 aircraft accumulated more than 1.5 million flight hours and 570,000 cycles. In May 2018, after 20 years, more than 750 Globals were in service. By October 2018, Bombardier had a backlog of 202 aircraft valued at C$14.1 billion ($11 billion), with 128 Globals including 67 Global 5000/6000 and four Global 5500/6500. The aircraft is operated by private individuals, companies, executive charter operators and government agencies, including: Bombardier Global Express The Bombardier Global Express is a large cabin, 6,000 nmi / 11,100 km range business jet manufactured by Bombardier


title: "Black-throated gray warbler" content: caterpillars. The nest is usually placed on a horizontal tree branch or in a shrub, a few metres above the ground. The nest is an open cup constructed of grass stalks and other fibres, and lined with feathers and hair. The female lays three to five pinkish eggs with brown dots from May to July. Incubation and fledging periods are unknown. This species has been recorded giving a distraction display, pretending to be injured to distract predators from its nest. Both parents feed the young, though the female may do so more frequently. Black-throated gray warbler The black-throated gray warbler


title: "Natchez Trace State Park" content: Natchez Trace State Park Natchez Trace State Park is a state park located in western Tennessee. It was named for the Natchez Trace woodland path that was an important wilderness road during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The 48,000-plus acre park features several wilderness trails, camping, sporting, horse-back riding, and water front activities. Natchez Trace State Park gets its name from the Natchez Trace, a Natchez, Mississippi to Nashville, Tennessee woodland highway that was an important wilderness road for the American frontiersmen during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It had been in use as a trade


title: "Expedition 1" content: in mid-November, was undocked to make room for the space shuttle. This Progress spacecraft remained undocked for the duration of STS-97, parked in orbit about a mile away from the station. It docked manually again with the station on 26 December by Gidzenko, after "Endeavour" left. The automatic docking system for this Progress spacecraft had failed on the first docking in November. The crew spent much of the following week unloading the Progress spacecraft. Christmas and New Year On Christmas Day, the Expedition 1 crew were given the day off work. They opened presents delivered by "Endeavour" and the Progress


title: Monel content: Monel Monel is a group of nickel alloys, primarily composed of nickel (up to 67%) and copper, with small amounts of iron, manganese, carbon, and silicon. Stronger than pure nickel, Monel alloys are resistant to corrosion by many agents, including rapidly flowing seawater. They can be fabricated readily by hot- and cold-working, machining, and welding. Monel was created by Robert Crooks Stanley, who worked for the International Nickel Company (INCO) in 1901. Monel alloy 400 is a binary alloy of the same proportions of nickel and copper as is found naturally in the nickel ore from the Sudbury (Ontario) mines


title: "Graeme Souness" content: Aston Villa. Thompson initially refused to speak to Souness, claiming he had "stolen the captaincy" from behind his back. This was the start of several long-running feuds between the two robust characters, and over the coming years, they would confront each other in various circumstances. Under Souness' captaincy, two trophies followed as Liverpool regained the League championship and retained the League Cup, trophies that were successfully defended in season 1982–83. For the trophy award presentation after the 2–1 win over Manchester United in 1983, Souness stepped back and insisted that Paisley collect the trophy, it being the manager's retirement season.


title: "BMW 6 Series (E24)" content: to . In September 1980 (1981 model year), the manual transmission for US cars was upgraded from a 4-speed to a 5-speed. A 3-speed automatic transmission was optional. In September 1982, the major facelift (for all markets worldwide) resulted in the North American and Japanese models being based on the E28 5 Series platform. In 1985, the 633CSi was replaced by the 635CSi for the North American Market. This model uses the M30B34 engine, which produces and at 4,000 rpm. An L6 "luxury edition" version of the 635CSi was available in North America for the 1987 model year. The L6


title: "BMW 3 Series (E90)" content: BMW 3 Series (E90) The BMW 3 Series (E90/E91/E92/E93) is the fifth generation of the BMW 3 Series compact executive car, which was produced from 2004 to 2013. The body styles of the range are: Due to the separate model codes for each body style, the term "E9X" is sometimes used to describe this generation of the 3 Series. The E90/E91 sedans and wagons began to be phased out following the introduction of their F30/F31 successors in 2012. However, the E92/E93 coupes and cabriolets remained in production until 2013, when they were replaced by the F32/F33 models. The E92 335i


title: "BMW 3 Series (E90)" content: coupe, introduced in 2006, was the first 3 Series model to be sold with a turbocharged petrol engine. The E9X family also saw the introduction of run-flat tyres to the 3 Series range. Consequently, cars with run-flats are not equipped with a spare tyre. The E90/E92/E93 M3 is the only generation of M3 to be powered by a V8 engine. Released in 2007, it uses BMW's S65 engine and was produced in sedan, coupe and cabriolet body styles. The design for the fifth generation 3 Series was frozen in mid-2002, approximately 30 months before the start of production. The sedan


title: "BMW 3 Series (E90)" content: and Touring were designed by Joji Nagashima, and the coupe and cabriolet were designed by Marc Michael Markefka. The range was introduced in 2005 with the sedan and estate body styles. The coupe was introduced in 2006 and the cabriolet was introduced in 2007. The sedan model was the first model sold of the 5th generation BMW 3 series, being launched on March 5, 2005 (as a 2006 model year) with the 318i, 320i, 320si, 323i, 325i, 325xi, 330i, and 330xi models. In later years, the following sedan models were added: 316i, 320d, 325d, 328i, 328xi, 330d, 335i, 335xi, 335d


title: "BMW 3 Series (E90)" content: and M3. Optional features (some of which are standard on higher models) include Xenon headlamps, fog lamps, automatic climate control, power-adjustable seats, satellite navigation, premium audio, Dakota leather upholstery, glass sunroof, heated front seats, Bluetooth and USB audio input. In 2011, the BMW 323i Luxury Edition was released, which included an automatic transmission, 17-inch alloy wheels, electric front seats, Bluetooth and USB compatibility, and an electric glass sunroof. This would be the last 3 Series to offer a naturally aspirated engine with the N52B30 (used in the 328i and 330i) and the S65B40 (used in the M3). The E91 wagon


title: "BMW 3 Series (E90)" content: body style is known as the 3 Series Touring or Sports Wagon. Optional equipment included a panoramic sunroof, which extends to the rear passenger area. Trim levels typically were similar to the E90 sedan, however there was no M3 variant of the E91. As per the E90, powertrains used a range of petrol and diesel I-6 and I-4 engines, paired with RWD and/or xDrive AWD. Markets such as the United States and Canada, however, offered but a small subset of their already limited E90 trims. In these two markets, only the 325xi with AWD was available prior to 2007, and


title: "BMW 3 Series (E90)" content: only the 328i in RWD and xDrive AWD forms was offered from 2007 onwards. The coupe body style of the fifth generation 3 Series became available in August 2006 (as a 2007 model year), one year after the saloon. The E92 is available in the 316i, 318i, 320i, 323i, 325i, 325xi, 328i, 328xi, 330i, 330xi, 335i, 335is, 335xi, 320d, 320xd, 325d, 330d, 330xd, 335d, M3, and M3 GTS. This would be the last model to include the coupe and convertible as a part of the 3 Series; for the sixth generation (F32/F33/F36) onwards, these body styles changed to being marketed


title: "BMW 3 Series (E90)" content: as the 4 Series. The coupe has significant differences to the sedan, compared with previous generations. Differences include the tail-light design (L-shaped on the coupe), more steeply angled headlights and smaller side windows. The coupe door panels are also longer, it seats two passengers in the rear instead of the three-person bench, and also includes a rear centre console tray. The coupé also features frameless doors like its E46 predecessor. There are also retractable arms that extend from the B-pillar to hand the seat belt to the driver and/or passenger when the key fob is in the ignition and the


title: "BMW 3 Series (E90)" content: door is closed. The 3 Series cabriolet is the first model in BMW's lineup with a 3-piece folding aluminium hard-top roof, instead of the cloth roof used by previous models. The E93 was one of first retractable hardtops in its price range. Other manufacturers have since produced similar retractable hardtop convertibles, such as the Lexus IS C and Infiniti G37 convertible. The "Comfort Access" option allows the roof to be raised and lowered using the key fob. Overall visibility is up 38 percent, thanks to the side windows which are 30 percent larger, compared to the E46 3 Series Cabriolet.


title: "BMW 3 Series (E90)" content: The BMW 3 Series convertible was often priced higher than direct rivals, however reviewers have praised its passenger/boot space (even with the roof down), driving dynamics, weight and chassis rigidity. At the front, aluminium MacPherson struts are used. The rear suspension is a steel 5-link Multi-link suspension. Options could be ordered individually (such as Xenon headlights, park distance control, power rear sunshades, and audio upgrades) or combined into packages. Optional interior colours, known as BMW Individual, were also available at extra cost. The contents of the Premium Package varies according to model year and market. It included items such as


title: "BMW 3 Series (E90)" content: leather seats with power adjustments, memory seat function, lumbar support, auto-dimming mirrors, a digital compass, auto-folding exterior mirrors, BMW Assist w/Bluetooth, and universal garage opener. The Cold Weather package includes headlight washers, heated front seats and split/folding rear seats with a ski bag. The Sports package includes a leather 3-prong sports steering wheel, sports front seats, 18-inch wheels, sports suspension and an increase in the speed limiter to . The Technology package includes iDrive, navigation, keyless entry ("Comfort Access"), selectable driving modes ("M Drive"), HD radio and Electronic Damping Control. The M3 model was powered by the BMW S65 V8


title: "BMW 3 Series (E90)" content: engine and produced in sedan, coupe and cabriolet body styles. To satisfy homologation requirements for the FIA World Touring Car Championship (WTCC), BMW built 2600 units of the 320si. BMW WTCC works driver Andy Priaulx won two of his three consecutive World Championships in the 320si E90 as well as four other drivers achieving over 35 wins in the championship since the cars release. The BMW 320si is used by a few teams in the British Touring Car Championship (BTCC). Colin Turkington won the 2009 BTCC Drivers championship using the BMW 320si. The 335is was produced in coupé and convertible


title: "BMW 3 Series (E90)" content: models for the North American market. It sat between the regular 335i and the M3 in the model line-up, and approximately 6,300 units were produced. The 335is uses a higher performance version (N54T) of the N54 engine from the 2006-2013 335i, which increases boost from 8.7 to 11.6 PSI. This results in and of torque, plus an overboost function raises torque to for up to 7 seconds. The 335is has stiffer engine mounts and an upgraded cooling system, with a heavy-duty radiator fan and two heat exchangers, one an engine oil cooler, the other a secondary coolant radiator. To accommodate


title: "BMW 3 Series (E90)" content: these heat exchangers, which are located ahead of each front wheel, the 335is has larger air openings, similar to the M3. Fog lights were removed from the coupé version to allow for the openings, although they remain on the convertible version. In addition, the 335is is equipped with a revised, high-flow exhaust system, with the twin exhaust pipes finished in matte black, and a rear bumper that incorporates a diffuser-style piece. Transmission options were a 7-speed double clutch transmission (DCT) with launch control (Same DCT transmission as the M3 but with different software programming) or a 6-speed manual transmission controlled


title: "BMW 3 Series (E90)" content: by a short-throw "M" stick. The manual transmission has a heavy-duty clutch with more holding power than the regular 335i. Interior upgrades include a thicker, "M" steering wheel, "M" steel pedals, standard sport seats, "M" door sills, and textured aluminium trim with "335is" badging on dash and in instrument cluster. Exterior differences are black kidney grills, and "Style 313" split-five spoke "M" wheels in 18-inch or 19-inch size, standard Shadowline window trim (instead of chrome), gloss-black side mirrors (instead of body colored mirrors). In September 2008, the facelift (LCI) versions of the Saloon and Estate were released for the 2009


title: "BMW 3 Series (E90)" content: model year. Compared to typically subtle BMW LCI changes, these changes were relatively extensive. Mechanical changes included an increase in rear track of for some models, a power increase for the 320d from and the N57 engine replacing the M57 for the 330d model. Styling changes included front and rear bumpers, wing mirrors, headlights, taillights, boot lid, wider kidney grilles and revised crease lines for the bonnet. The new 2009 - 2011 facelift (LCI) AWD models became known as "xDrive" models, unlike the previous 2006-2008 (pre-lci) AWD models, which were labeled as "xi" models. The new xDrive models received xDrive


title: "BMW 3 Series (E90)" content: badges on the bumper and both the right and left sides right below the side marker lamps. For the interior, crash-activated head restraints were added to the front seats, the optional "Professional" navigation system was updated, iDrive was updated and the resolution of the display was increased. For the 2010 model year, the Sport, Lifestyle and Exclusive Edition were introduced for Saloon and Estate models. The 316d estate model was added, as was the 320d EfficientDynamics Edition saloon. Mechanical changes included compliance with the EU5 emission standard, EU6 emission compliance (optional) for the 320d and 330d models, power increases for


title: "BMW 3 Series (E90)" content: the 318d, 320d, 325d and 330d models, the N54 engine in the 335i being replaced by N55 engine, and additional features for BMW ConnectedDrive. Some E90/E91/E92/E93 models using the N54 engine experienced high pressure fuel pump (HPFP) problems. The Euro NCAP noted the poor pedestrian protection awarding 4 points out of 36, reporting the 3 Series was "very disappointing" in this measure. The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) gives the 3 Series a "Good" overall rating in both the frontal and side impact crash tests. The 3 Series received "Good" marks in all six of the frontal crash test


title: "BMW 3 Series (E90)" content: categories, and "Good" marks in six of the nine categories in the side impact test. The IIHS also gave the 3 Series the "Top Safety Pick" award. The convertible is rated "Marginal" in side impacts, making the 3 Series convertible the lowest rated vehicle currently sold in its class in IIHS tests. In 2002, Norbert Reithofer and Development Chief Burkhard Goeschel started an initiative to halve the time it took to reach full production of the next generation 3 Series from six months to three. First marketed in March 2005, the car quickly became BMW Group's best-selling car worldwide, and


title: "BMW 3 Series (E90)" content: by the end of the year 229.900 vehicles had been delivered. The BMW E90 series was the best-selling luxury car in Canada and the United States. The 2006 E90 marked the 15th consecutive year that the 3 Series was named on Car and Driver's 10Best. The production dates for each model are as follows: Units sold according to BMW's annual reports: The E92 Art Car entered the 2010 24 Hours of Le Mans race, with Andy Priaulx (GB), Dirk Müller (DE) and Dirk Werner (DE) driving the number 78 car which failed to complete the race. BMW 3 Series (E90)


title: "BMW 6 Series (E63)" content: BMW 6 Series (E63) The BMW E63/E64 is the second generation of the BMW 6 Series range of grand tourers, and was sold from 2003 to 2010. The body styles of the range are: The E63/E64 uses a shortened version of the E60 5 Series chassis and subsequently shares many features. The car initially drew criticism, due to its controversial styling and complicated iDrive system. The M6 model was released in 2005 in coupé and convertible body styles. It is powered by the S85 V10 engine, with most cars sold with a 7-speed automated manual transmission ("SMG III"). The E63/E64


title: "BMW 6 Series (E63)" content: was replaced by the F12/F13 6 Series in 2011. The exterior was designed by Adrian Van Hooydonk, based on the 1999 BMW Z9 concept car by Chris Bangle. The controversial rear styling, first seen on the E65 7 Series, was nicknamed "Bangle Butt" by critics. BMW described the styling philosophy as "flame surfacing", where concave and convex shapes meet to create sharp edges. To reduce weight, the doors and bonnet are made of aluminium, and the boot and front wings are made of carbon-reinforced plastic. The high performance M6 coupé also has a carbon fibre roof in order to reduce


title: "BMW 6 Series (E63)" content: weight and for a lower centre of gravity. Coupé models were unveiled at the 2003 Frankfurt Auto show, and released in mid-year 2003. Convertible models were unveiled at the 2004 Detroit auto show, and released in mid 2004. Convertible models featured a non-conventional convertible top design with side fins and an integrated wind deflector that can be raised or lowered at any time. A similar design was used on the Audi R8 Spyder and the McLaren 650S Spider. Features available included adaptive headlights, parking sensors (Park Distance Control), voice control, variable rate steering (Active Steering), active anti-roll bars (Active Roll


title: "BMW 6 Series (E63)" content: Stabilisation), radar cruise control (Active Cruise Control with Stop and Go), head-up display, lane departure warning, night vision, keyless entry and starting (Comfort Access), heated steering wheel, universal remote control, and soft-close doors. Unlike the 5 Series (E60), the all-wheel drive system (xDrive) was not offered on the 6 Series. The available transmissions are: Straight-six models are distinguished by circular tailpipes, while V8 models have oval tailpipes. Top speed for all models is electronically limited to . The M6 version was initially introduced as a coupé at the 2005 Geneva International Motor Show, and later in convertible form at the


title: "BMW 6 Series (E63)" content: British International Motor Show in 2006. The M6 is powered by the 5.0-litre naturally aspirated S85 V10, generating at 7,750 rpm and at 6,100 rpm. Majority of the cars were sold with a 7-speed automated manual transmission ("SMG III"), however a 6-speed manual transmission was also available in some markets. Additional features included: sports seats, larger front and rear brakes, an M-performance instrument cluster, a carbon-fibre roof (coupé only), and an optional M head-up Display. The car also has quad exhaust-pipes and larger, more aerodynamic air intakes. A total of 9,087 coupés and 5,065 convertibles were built; amounting to 14,152


title: "BMW 6 Series (E63)" content: cars. In September 2007, the facelift (LCI) was introduced for the 2008 model year. Major changes include: Models feature BMW's Advanced Safety System, where the car will decide the most effective deployment of the airbags in a crash. Safety equipment includes active anti-roll bars, dynamic stability control, front knee airbags (in accordance to US regulation), BMW roadside assistance, and an SOS emergency system. Convertible models also feature an automatic rollover protection system, where roll-bars behind the rear seats are automatically deployed in a rollover. From 2008, active head restraints became a standard feature on all seat options, reducing the risk


title: "BMW 6 Series (E63)" content: of neck injuries in a rear-end collision. There are no EuroNCAP crash safety ratings for the BMW E63/E64 6 Series. The E63/E64 was produced at the Dingolfing BMW plant. The following are production figures for the E63/E64, excluding M6 models: BMW 6 Series (E63) The BMW E63/E64 is the second generation of the BMW 6 Series range of grand tourers, and was sold from 2003 to 2010. The body styles of the range are: The E63/E64 uses a shortened version of the E60 5 Series chassis and subsequently shares many features. The car initially drew criticism, due to its controversial


title: "United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama" content: Fifteenth Amendment. U.S. Supreme Court concurred three weeks later in an unrelated case, Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections. "Glassroth v. Moore" (2002) – Court rules that a display of the Ten Commandments, erected by Alabama Chief Justice Roy Moore in the Alabama Judicial Building violated the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama The United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama (in case citations, M.D. Ala.) is a federal court in the Eleventh Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker


title: "Roswell (TV series)" content: and Isabel's father is diving deeper into the past of his children, due to Max not giving him a satisfactory reason as to what happened in Utah, or why Max was even there in the first place. Midway through the season, Isabel gets married, much to the disappointment of her parents, Max, and Michael. While on her honeymoon with Jesse, Isabel comes in contact with Kivar. He awakens Isabel's past self, Vilandra, who betrayed Max and Michael in their previous life for her love with Kivar, which is the reason the four of them died in their first life. Kivar


title: "Gol Gumbaz" content: Gol Gumbaz Gol Gumbaz is the mausoleum of king Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur. Construction of the tomb, located in Vijayapura (formerly Bijapur), Karnataka, India, was started in 1626 and completed in 1656. The name is based on "Gola gummata" derived from "Gol Gombadh" meaning "circular dome". It follows the style of Deccan architecture. The structure is composed of a cube, on each side, capped by a roof in external diameter. Eight intersecting arches created by two rotated squares that create interlocking pendentives support the dome. At each of the four corners of the cube, is a dome-capped octagonal


title: "Gol Gumbaz" content: tower seven stories high with a staircase inside. The upper floor of each tower opens on to a round gallery which surrounds the dome. Inside the mausoleum hall, is a square podium with steps on each side. In the middle of the podium, a cenotaph slab on the ground marks the actual grave below, "the only instance of this practice" in the architecture of the Deccan sultanates. In the middle of the north side, "a large semi-octagonal bay" protrudes out. With an area of , the mausoleum has one of the biggest single chamber spaces in the world. Running around


title: "Gol Gumbaz" content: the inside of the dome is the whispering gallery where even the softest sound can be heard on the other side of the mausoleum due to the acoustics of the space. Gol Gumbaz Gol Gumbaz is the mausoleum of king Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur. Construction of the tomb, located in Vijayapura (formerly Bijapur), Karnataka, India, was started in 1626 and completed in 1656. The name is based on "Gola gummata" derived from "Gol Gombadh" meaning "circular dome". It follows the style of Deccan architecture. The structure is composed of a cube, on each side, capped by a roof


title: "Duchy of Savoy" content: weakness of the state, and tried to defend the city of Turin. However, the city was lost on April 3 of the same year. Charles III retired in Vercelli, trying to continue the fight, but never saw the state free from occupation. Emmanuel Philibert was the Duke who more than any other influenced the future policy of Savoy, managing to put an end to the more than twenty-year long occupation. The Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis, signed in 1559, restored full autonomy to the duchy. Realizing that it could no longer trust France, the main center of life and the capital was


title: "Shannon Sharpe" content: Least 3 Real Words Per Sentence." On February 18, 2014, it was announced that Sharpe, along with Dan Marino were being relieved of their duties as on-air commentators on "The NFL Today" and were being replaced by Tony Gonzalez and Bart Scott. In 2013, Sharpe became a columnist and spokesperson for FitnessRX For Men magazine and appeared on their September 2013 cover. Sharpe currently hosts Sirius NFL Radio's "Opening Drive" morning program, alongside Bob Papa. Sharpe was among the 17 finalists being considered for enshrinement at the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2009. However, he was passed over in


title: "Maumbury Rings" content: roughly circular henge situated close to the centre of Dorchester. It has an internal diameter of around 50 metres. The bank has an average width of 4 metres, and is around 5.6 metres high internally and 4.0 metres high externally. A bulge in the earthworks to the southwest marks the site of a gun emplacement built during the English Civil War, and the inner side of the bank was terraced on the east and west sides at this time. There is no trace of the original internal ditch. Maumbury Rings were excavated by Harold St George Gray from 1908–1913. The


title: "Siobhan Hayes" content: film "", playing the role of the titular character's mother. Siobhan Hayes Siobhan Hayes (born 23 April 1975) is an actress, best known for playing Abi Harper in the BBC sitcom "My Family" and her character "Sandy", the office trainee in the BBC Radio series "Absolute Power". Hayes portrayed Abi Harper, as a dimwitted and clumsy student in the British sitcom "My Family", a role she held between 2002 and 2008, when the character became a nun, allowing a potential return. She has also made guest appearances in "Little Britain", "", "Agatha Christie's Marple", "Birds of a Feather", and "The


title: "Rubus phoenicolasius" content: Rubus phoenicolasius Rubus phoenicolasius (Japanese Wineberry, wine raspberry, wineberry or dewberry) is an Asian species of raspberry ("Rubus" subgenus "Idaeobatus") in the rose family, native to China, Japan, and Korea. The species was introduced to Europe and North America as an ornamental plant and for its potential in breeding hybrid raspberries. It has subsequently escaped from cultivation and become naturalised in parts of Europe and North America. The species is a perennial plant which bears biennial stems ("canes") from the perennial root system. In its first year, a new stem ("primocane") grows vigorously to its full height of 1–3 m,


title: "Rubus phoenicolasius" content: unbranched, and bearing large pinnate leaves with three or five leaflets; normally it does not produce any flowers the first year. In its second year, the stem ("floricane") does not grow taller, but produces several side shoots, which bear smaller leaves always with three leaflets; the leaves are white underneath. The flowers are produced in late spring on short, very bristly racemes on the tips of these side shoots, each flower 6–10 mm diameter with five purplish red to pink petals and a bristly calyx. The fruit is orange or red, about 1 cm diameter, edible, produced in summer or


title: "Rubus phoenicolasius" content: early autumn; in botanical terminology, it is not a berry at all, but an aggregate fruit of numerous drupelets around a central core. Ripening occurs from early summer. The canes have red glandular hairs. These red hairs give the species its scientific name, from the Latin "phoenicus", meaning red. In addition to seed propagation, new plants are formed from the tips of existing canes touching the ground. They enjoy moist soil and grow near and within wooded areas. As a fruit develops, it is surrounded by a protective calyx covered in hairs that exude tiny drops of sticky fluid. While


title: "Rubus phoenicolasius" content: the structure resembles those of carnivorous plants, the wineberry plant does not get nutrients from insects caught in the sap: the sticky mucilage contains no digestive enzymes, surrounding tissues cannot absorb nutrients, and there are no protein-storage tissues. Also, unlike carnivorous plants, wineberry grows in nutrient-rich soil, so it need not resort to insect proteins as a source of nitrogen. The plant's leaves and stems/branches are covered in spines. The leaves appear in sets of three, where the two side leaves are small, and the center leaf is large. The leaves are green on top, and white on the bottom


title: "Rubus phoenicolasius" content: because of a dense layer of woolly hairs. Wineberries grow in the wild in many parts of the United States, primarily the Appalachian Mountains. They are common along the edges of fields and roadsides, and still are used as breeding stock for raspberry cultivars. They are one of the most easily identified invasive edible plants, with no poisonous look-a-likes in North America. Other plants that may be mistaken as wineberries include red raspberry, black raspberry, and blackberry, all of which are edible. Sweet and tart with a raspberry-like flavor, wineberries are used in food similarly as for raspberries, such as


title: "Rubus phoenicolasius" content: pie or other sweet treats. The wineberry is native to eastern Asia and has been introduced into parts of North America and Europe. Wineberries grow vigorously and can form extensive, dense thickets that displace many native species. Wineberries can be found in many habitats, such as forest, fields, stream banks, and wetland edges, as well as open woods. The first years of growth for wineberries are longer (approximately 32%) than many other black and red raspberries. Wineberries are a host to several viruses, such as raspberry yellow spot that can affect native species of raspberry. Wineberry vine growth may be


title: "Rubus phoenicolasius" content: controlled variously, such as by biological mechanisms increasing susceptibility to diseases, or mechanical effects by digging, excavating or repeatedly cutting back the plant until it dies. Chemical control via the use of a systemic herbicide, such as glyphosate. Concentrations mixed to the manufacturers specifications can be applied to the leaves to kill the plants. The wineberry is listed as a noxious weed by both Connecticut and Massachusetts where its possession and sale are prohibited by law. Rubus phoenicolasius Rubus phoenicolasius (Japanese Wineberry, wine raspberry, wineberry or dewberry) is an Asian species of raspberry ("Rubus" subgenus "Idaeobatus") in the rose family,


title: "Land Rover Freelander" content: Land Rover Freelander The Land Rover Freelander was a compact sport utility vehicle (SUV) which was produced by the British manufacturer Land Rover, in both two-wheel and four-wheel drive versions, from 1997 to 2014. The second generation, launched in 2007, was marketed as the LR2 in North America and as the Freelander 2 in Europe. It uses a monocoque (unibody) structure, in common with almost all other crossovers in its class, but unlike traditional SUVs built with body-on-frame designs. The Freelander was replaced by the Discovery Sport in 2015. Market research by the Rover Group in the late 1980s suggested


title: "Land Rover Freelander" content: that Land Rover could enter the compact SUV market segment. In the early 1990s, the Rover Group had a restricted product development budget and looked for a partner to develop the project, which was codenamed CB40 (after Canley Building 40, where the concept was initially developed). Rover's then-partner Honda declined and chose to develop its own CR-V model that was launched in 1995. Rover decided to go it alone with the CB40, using existing parts and components, as it had done with the MGF roadster. The floorpan was based on that of the Austin Maestro, and minor components such as


title: "Land Rover Freelander" content: interior door handles were Maestro items. When BMW took over Rover Group in 1994, the CB40 project received the capital it needed to proceed. In December 2007, "Autocar" reported that early development designs and sketches of the Freelander featured Hyundai badging, suggesting that a tie up between both manufacturers was being proposed. The design of the Freelander was by Gerry McGovern, who went on become the head of design at Land Rover in 2007. Land Rover initially intended to subcontract the manufacture of the Freelander to Valmet in Finland, however BMW terminated this agreement upon acquiring the Rover Group, and


title: "Land Rover Freelander" content: instead funded production facilities at Solihull, finally making use of the old Rover SD1 assembly hall which had been mothballed in the early 1980s, when Rover car production was moved to Cowley. The Freelander was launched in October 1997. It became Europe's best-selling four-wheel drive model until 2002. The last Freelanders in North America were sold as 2005 models. There were a variety of models, based around five-door estate and three-door softback (semi-convertible), hardback, and commercial (van-like) versions. In 2004, Land Rover introduced an improved and upgraded version of the Mark I; changes included a new interior and major external


title: "Land Rover Freelander" content: revisions, including a new face and rear. The three-door model was available in E, S, ES, Sport and Sport Premium trim and the five-door model in available in E, S, ES, HSE, Sport and Sport Premium trim. Engine choices include: Manual gearboxes dominated the early models, but automatic Tiptronic-style gearboxes (Jatco JF506E) became increasingly popular and were standard on the V6. The Automatic Tiptronic gearbox was also available as an option on the Td4. The first generation Freelander was used in the 1998 Camel Trophy and participated in Land Rover's G4 Challenge. The vehicle represented a compromise because it did


title: "Land Rover Freelander" content: not have a low-range gear selection, nor a locking differential, as found on larger Land Rover models. This meant that in comparison to other Land Rovers, off-road performance was not as good. In comparison to similar models produced by other manufacturers in the same period of time like the Honda CRV or the Toyota RAV4, however, the first generation Freelander was far more competent off-road. It had more than sixteen patented features, including the IRD or Intermediate Reduction Drive, which acted as a front differential and fixed ratio transfer; the VCU or viscous-coupling, which reacts to the differing rotational speed


title: "Land Rover Freelander" content: of the prop shafts, allowing varying torque across itself; and the Hill Descent Control system, which was then implemented in the rest of the Land Rover range and even in the first generation BMW X5. (BMW was the parent company of Rover Group at the time of the introduction of this model). This first generation also used a Traction Control system and a special version of ABS produced by Wabco and modified to assist driving in off-road situations. Lack of the MG Rover K18 and KV6 engines after the end of the MG Rover production led Land Rover to discontinue


title: "Land Rover Freelander" content: the model on 31 August 2005 in the U.S. and Canada. The second generation, named the Freelander 2 (codename L359), debuted at the 2006 British International Motor Show retaining the "Freelander" name in Europe and marketed as the "LR2" in North America — mirroring the marketing of the new third generation Land Rover Discovery as LR3. A presentation at the Kensington Roof Gardens was held for journalists featuring celebrity tennis player Maria Sharapova. Production ended at the end of 2014. The second generation Freelander is based on the Ford EUCD platform, which itself is based on the Ford C1 platform.


title: "Land Rover Freelander" content: The Ford EUCD platform will be used by more upcoming vehicles from Volvo. The engine range is all-new for Freelander, featuring transversely-mounted 3.2-litre straight-six engine of the Ford SI6 series, which debuted in the new Volvo S80, as well as the 2.2-litre DW12 common rail turbodiesel engine, co-developed by Ford and PSA Peugeot Citroën. Unlike previous Land Rovers, the second generation Freelander is manufactured in the Halewood Body & Assembly facility, near Liverpool, and was until 2009 manufactured alongside the Jaguar X-Type — as Jaguar X-Type and Landrover Freelander both used modified version of Ford's front wheel drive platform. The


title: "Land Rover Freelander" content: new Freelander features higher ground clearance and off-road capabilities that are closer to other Land Rover models. The second generation has improved quality interior with more safety features as standard. The Freelander 2 features a modified version of the Terrain Response off-road driving system as fitted to the Discovery 3 and the Range Rover. The 4WD system was developed in conjunction with Haldex and was called Third generation coupling. Vehicles from the 2009 model year are fitted with a modified design of the active on-demand coupling, known as Haldex's Fourth generation. The new Freelander was first marketed in the U.S.


title: "Land Rover Freelander" content: in 2007 as the LR2. The 2008 version is called the LR2 HSE. The limited run HST had added side trim, front valance, and 19-inch wheels. A Ford 3.2-litre inline six-cylinder engine producing is standard, with a six-speed automatic transmission and all-wheel drive. In the United Kingdom, the standard engine is the Ford 2.2-litre diesel. The TD4 version of the engine produces and , while the SD4 comes with . Interior appointments include an Alpine 440-watt 14-speaker surround sound audio and a 7-inch touch navigation screen options, while the newer models can be equipped with an Meridian audio system, which


title: "Land Rover Freelander" content: comes with a surround sound 17-speaker system with Trifield technology, producing 825 Watts. The Meridian system is also equipped with subwoofers and Audyssey MultEQ audio tuning system. Also a 5-inch colour display screen is standard even at the newer entry-level models. An optional cold climate package includes heated front windscreen, heated front seats with two heating levels and heated windscreen washers. The optional lighting package includes bi-xenon headlights, adaptive front-lighting, memory for the driver seat, as well as exterior mirrors and approach and puddle lamps. The Freelander TD4_e features stop-start technology to improve fuel economy and reduce carbon emissions. The


title: "Land Rover Freelander" content: system cuts out the engine when the vehicle is stationary, neutral is selected and the clutch engaged; the engine restarts when the clutch pedal is depressed. The system includes a heavy-duty starter motor that also acts as a generator to recover energy through regenerative braking that is then stored in capacitors to restart the engine reducing stress on the vehicle's battery and electrical system. The stop-start system became available in spring 2009 on Freelander 2 TD4 models. For the 2011 model year, the option of two wheel drive (badged as eD4) was available. This version also lost Terrain Response and


title: "Land Rover Freelander" content: Hill Descent Control. For the 2014 model year, the Freelander gets a revised look with a grill and new interior piece. Total sales are from 2009 only. Land Rover Freelander The Land Rover Freelander was a compact sport utility vehicle (SUV) which was produced by the British manufacturer Land Rover, in both two-wheel and four-wheel drive versions, from 1997 to 2014. The second generation, launched in 2007, was marketed as the LR2 in North America and as the Freelander 2 in Europe. It uses a monocoque (unibody) structure, in common with almost all other crossovers in its class, but unlike


title: "Final Fantasy XII" content: members of the development team. "Final Fantasy XII" was named best PlayStation 2 game and best RPG by numerous video game journals and websites, including GameSpot, GameSpy and IGN. Both "Edge" and "Famitsu" awarded it Game of the Year 2006. The Japan Game Awards 2006 honored "Final Fantasy XII" with their "Grand Award" and "Award for Excellence" and the PlayStation Awards 2006 bestowed the "Double Platinum Prize". It was selected for the list "Top 100 New Japanese Styles", a list of "products and services originating in Japan to serve as a mark of excellence". "Final Fantasy XII" also received nominations


title: Haghpat content: Haghpat Haghpat () is a village in the Lori Province of Armenia, located near the city of Alaverdi and the state border with Georgia. It is notable for Haghpat Monastery, a religious complex founded in the 10th century and included in the UNESCO World Heritage List along with monasteries in nearby Sanahin. The monastery is a magnificent example of medieval Armenian architecture that has been attracting increasing numbers of tourists. Haghpat Monastery is listed among the UNESCO World Heritage List (1996). The village lies on a dissected plateau, a large flat area dissected by deep "cracks" formed by rivers, including


title: Haghpat content: the river Debed. The villages of Sanahin and Akner, as well as a part of Alaverdi, lie in plain view on neighbouring sections of the plateau, however a steep and long descent to and ascent from the river is required to travel to them. Haghpat Haghpat () is a village in the Lori Province of Armenia, located near the city of Alaverdi and the state border with Georgia. It is notable for Haghpat Monastery, a religious complex founded in the 10th century and included in the UNESCO World Heritage List along with monasteries in nearby Sanahin. The monastery is a


title: "Taylor University" content: international headlines when there was a shocking case of mistaken identity between two of the victims. Senior Laura Van Ryn, who died on the scene, was mistaken for surviving freshman Whitney Cerak. The Cerak (actually Van Ryn) funeral was conducted with a closed casket, and the mistake was not discovered until Cerak identified herself after waking up from a coma over a month later. Cerak graduated from Taylor on May 23, 2009, and the two families remain close. On April 26, 2008, the second anniversary of the accident, the University dedicated the $2.4 million Memorial Prayer Chapel as a memorial


title: "Federal University of Rio de Janeiro" content: online courses, and a yearly graduation rate of 5 381 students. As of post-graduation studies, there are 5 389 individuals undergoing master's degree and 5 5382 candidates for doctor's degree. Of its 3 821 professors, 3 068 hold a doctor degree, 618 are masters and 61 are specialists. In addition, its high-school unit ("Colégio de Aplicação", or Application School) accounts for 760 enrolled students. The university's main buildings are located at "Cidade Universitária" (College City, with 5.2 million m²) in "Ilha do Fundão" (Backward Island), but the campus at "Praia Vermelha" (Red Beach, with 100 thousand m²) still gathers a


title: "Alex Fraser Bridge" content: with movable barrier will be added to help ease traffic during morning and afternoon rush hours. This will be a joint venture by the provincial and federal government. Construction is slated to be completed as of spring 2018. In December 2016 the Alex Fraser Bridge along with the Port Mann Bridge dropped "ice bombs," also called "slush bombs" on vehicles causing damage to windshields. The Alex Fraser has the cables along the sides of the driving lanes where as the Port Mann has them cross over-top of the driving lanes. In addition to 2016, this also happened on the Alex


title: "PT 109 (film)" content: "It's just a question of whether there's too much of it". In the film, the "PT 109" and all other PT boats are depicted as being painted in the same standard gray paint scheme used by larger warships of the US Navy. Although many 78' Higgins and 80' Elco PT boats were likely delivered from the manufacturer in such a paint scheme, all historical records indicate that the real "PT 109" and the other boats in its squadron were painted in a dark green paint scheme in order to better blend into their daytime anchorages or moorings adjacent to island


title: "Lydia Pinkham" content: who also uses the memorial building as his personal residence. The clinic is in operation . It is designated Site 9 of the Salem Women's Heritage Trail. The five herbs contained in Lydia Pinkham's original formula are: The formula also contains drinking alcohol, which relieves muscular stress, reduces pain, and can affect mood. Of the newer additions, motherwort is a nervine, emmenagogue, anti-spasmodic, hepatic, cardiac tonic, and hypotensive. Piscidia erythrina (Jamaican dogwood) is an eclectic remedy effective for painful spasms, pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and ovarian pain. Licorice is anti-inflammatory, anti-hepatotoxic, anti-spasmodic, and a mild laxative. Gentian is a sialagogue, hepatic,


title: "Pyrus calleryana" content: Pyrus calleryana Pyrus calleryana, or the Callery pear, is a species of pear tree native to China and Vietnam, in the family Rosaceae. It is most commonly known for its cultivar 'Bradford', widely planted throughout the United States and increasingly regarded as an invasive. "Pyrus calleryana" is deciduous, growing to tall, often with a conical to rounded crown. The leaves are oval, long, glossy dark green above, on long pedicels that make them flash their slightly paler undersides in a breeze. The white, five-petaled flowers are about in diameter. They are produced abundantly in early spring, before the leaves expand


title: "Pyrus calleryana" content: fully. The inedible fruits of the Callery pear are small (less than one cm in diameter), and hard, almost woody, until softened by frost, after which they are readily taken by birds, which disperse the seeds in their droppings. In summer, the shining foliage is dark green and very smooth, and in autumn the leaves commonly turn brilliant colors, ranging from yellow and orange to more commonly red, pink, purple, and bronze.However, since the color often develops very late in autumn, the leaves may be killed by a hard frost before full color can develop. Callery pears are remarkably resistant


title: "Pyrus calleryana" content: to disease or fireblight though some cultivars such as 'Bradford' are particularly susceptible to storm damage and are regularly disfigured or even killed by strong winds, ice storms, heavy snow, or limb loss due to their naturally rapid growth rate. The 'Bradford' in particular is also known for its sickly sweet, often unpleasant smell during its flowering stage. The species is named after the Italian-French sinologue Joseph-Marie Callery (1810–1862) who sent specimens of the tree to Europe from China. Numerous cultivars of Callery pear are offered commercially, including 'Aristocrat', 'Autumn Blaze', 'Bradford', 'Capital', 'Chanticleer' (also known as 'Cleveland Select'), 'New


title: "Pyrus calleryana" content: Bradford', 'Redspire', and 'Whitehouse'. In much of North America these cultivars, particularly 'Bradford', are widely planted as ornamental trees. The trees are tolerant of a variety of soil types, drainage levels, and soil acidity. Their crown shape varies from ovate to elliptical, but may become asymmetric from limb loss due to excessive and unstable growth rate. The initial symmetry of several cultivars leads to their attempted use in settings such as industrial parks, streets, shopping centers, and office parks. Their dense clusters of white blossoms are conspicuous in early spring, though their smell is commonly found unpleasant by many people.


title: "Pyrus calleryana" content: At the latitude of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the trees often remain green until mid-November, and in warm autumns, the colors are often bright, although in a cold year they may get frozen off before coloring. In the South, Callery pears tend to be among the more reliable coloring trees. The Bradford pear and related cultivars of "Pyrus calleryana" are regarded as invasive species in many areas of eastern and mid-Western North America, outcompeting many native plants and trees. In the northeastern United States, wild Callery pears sometimes form extensive, nearly pure stands in old fields, along roadsides, and in similar disturbed


title: "Pyrus calleryana" content: areas. While various cultivars of the Callery pear are commonly planted for their ornamental value, their prolifically produced fruits are taken by birds, which disperse the seeds in their droppings. The various cultivars are generally themselves self-incompatible, unable to produce fertile seeds when self-pollinated, or cross-pollinated with another tree of the same cultivar. However, if different cultivars of Callery pears are grown in proximity (within insect-pollination distance, about 300 ft or 100 m), they often produce fertile seeds that can sprout and establish wherever they are dispersed. This technique was successfully used in the Dana Gould Gardens near Los Angeles.


title: "Pyrus calleryana" content: The resulting wild individuals, of various genetic backgrounds, can in turn interbreed, producing more viable seed and furthering expansion and dispersal of the wild stand of the species. These plants often differ from the selected cultivars in their irregular crown shape and (sometimes) presence of thorns. Callery pear is reported as established outside cultivation in 152 counties in 25 states in the United States. While these wild plants are sometimes called "Bradford pear" (for the 'Bradford' cultivar), they are actually wild-growing descendants of multiple genotypes of "Pyrus calleryana," and hence more correctly referred to by the common (or scientific) name


title: "Pyrus calleryana" content: of the species itself. The Bradford pear in particular has become further regarded as a nuisance tree for its initially neat, dense upward growth, which made it desirable in cramped urban spaces. Without corrective selective pruning at an early stage these weak crotches result in a multitude of narrow, weak forks, very susceptible to storm damage. Because of this, and the resulting relatively short life span (typically less than 25 years), many groups have discouraged further planting of 'Bradford' and other similarly structurally deficient Callery pear cultivars (such other as 'Cleveland Select') in favor of increasing use of locally native


title: "Pyrus calleryana" content: ornamental tree species. Pear wood (of any species) is among the finest-textured of all fruitwoods. It is prized for making woodwind instruments, and pear veneer is used in fine furniture. Pear wood is also among those preferred for preparing woodcuts for printing, either end-grained for small works or side-grained for larger. Callery pear has been used as rootstock for grafting such pear cultivars as Comice, Bosc, or Seckel, and especially for Nashi. "Pyrus calleryana" was first introduced into the United States in 1909 and 1916, largely influenced by the dedicated research of Frank N. Meyer, plant explorer for the US


title: "Pyrus calleryana" content: Department of Agriculture, commonly known for the discovery of the Meyer Lemon, for agricultural experimentation, pre-dating recognition in the 1950s of the species' potential as an ornamental plant. Pyrus calleryana Pyrus calleryana, or the Callery pear, is a species of pear tree native to China and Vietnam, in the family Rosaceae. It is most commonly known for its cultivar 'Bradford', widely planted throughout the United States and increasingly regarded as an invasive. "Pyrus calleryana" is deciduous, growing to tall, often with a conical to rounded crown. The leaves are oval, long, glossy dark green above, on long pedicels that make


title: "Cambrian College" content: Cambrian College Cambrian College is a college of applied arts and technology in Greater Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. Established in 1967, and funded by the province of Ontario, Cambrian has campuses in Sudbury, Espanola and Little Current. Cambrian works in partnership with school boards, training institutes, universities, and other institutions - locally, nationally and internationally - in order to provide additional educational opportunities and to share expertise and resources. Cambrian's commitment to its many communities is evidenced by the Wabnode Institute, the college's centre for the advancement of First Nations education, and by its status as a leader in meeting the


title: "Brownie Wise" content: She created idioms and rituals such as pilgrimage to a specially designed well in the Tupperware grounds for sellers to cast their wishes, "Brownie Wings" and costumed graduation ceremonies. Dealers would go on treasure hunts where prizes would be buried in the ground. Extravagant shows, parties and motivational talks made up the four-day convention. Wise was presented to the company's representatives as something of an idealized 1950s woman. Her marketing skill in leveraging the social networking model and motivating thousands of women to come together in their homes to sell Tupperware was unrivaled. The liberation of many women through earning


title: "Battle of Liège" content: defensive line along the west side of the town. The 27th, 24th and the rest of the 11th Brigade entered the town and operations began to capture the forts. In the morning of 5 August, Captain Brinckman, the German Military Attaché at Brussels, met the Governor of Liège under a flag of truce and demanded the surrender of the fortress. Léman refused and an hour later, German troops attacked the east bank forts of Chaudfontaine, Fléron, Évegnée, Barchon and Pontisse; an attack on the Meuse, below the junction with the Vesdre, failed. A party of German troops managed to get


title: Otorohanga content: hotel was built, primarily for those attending the Court. The sawmill, later run by Ellis and Burnand, started in 1890 and closed in 1912. In the early 1900s many businesses were established by Māori, in particular John Ormsby (Hōne Ōmipi). The Otorohanga Times was formed in 1912; it merged with the King Country Chronicle to form the Waitomo News in 1980. McDonald’s began a limestone quarry south of Otorohanga in 1968, which was bought by Graymont in 2015. Otorohanga’s population grew from 367 in 1916 to 1,569 in 1951, after which growth slowed. Although population dropped from 2,652 in 1991


title: "Vasco da Gama Bridge" content: Vasco da Gama Bridge The Vasco da Gama Bridge (; ) is a cable-stayed bridge flanked by viaducts and rangeviews that spans the Tagus River in Parque das Nações in Lisbon, the capital of Portugal. It is the second longest bridge in Europe after the Crimean Bridge with a total length of , including for the main bridge and in viaducts. The Bridge is served by of dedicated access roads. It was built to alleviate the congestion on Lisbon's 25 de Abril Bridge, and eliminate the need for traffic between the country's northern and southern regions to pass through the


title: "Vasco da Gama Bridge" content: capital city. Construction began on February 1995; the bridge was opened to traffic on 29 March 1998, just in time for Expo 98, the World's Fair that celebrated the 500th anniversary of the discovery by Vasco da Gama of the sea route from Europe to India. The bridge carries six road lanes, with a speed limit of , the same as that on motorways, except on one section which is limited to . On windy, rainy, and foggy days, the speed limit is reduced to . The number of road lanes will be enlarged to eight when traffic reaches a


title: "Vasco da Gama Bridge" content: daily average of 52,000. The $1.1 billion project was split in four parts, each built by a different company, and supervised by an independent consortium. There were up to 3,300 workers simultaneously on the project, which took 18 months of preparation and 18 months of construction. The financing is via a build-operate-transfer system by Lusoponte, a private consortium which receive the first 40 years of tolls of both Lisbon bridges. Lusoponte's capital is 50.4% from Portuguese companies, 24.8% French and 24.8% British. The bridge has a life expectancy of 120 years, having been designed to withstand wind speeds of and


title: "Vasco da Gama Bridge" content: hold up to an earthquake 4.5 times stronger than the historical 1755 Lisbon earthquake (estimated at 8.5–9.0 on the moment magnitude scale). The deepest foundation piles, up to in diameter, were driven down to under mean sea level. Environmental pressure throughout the project resulted in the left-bank viaducts being extended inland to preserve the marshes underneath, as well as the lamp posts throughout the bridge being tilted inwards so as not to cast light on the river below. Northbound traffic (to Lisbon) is charged a toll, while traveling southbound is free. Tolls are collected through a toll plaza located in


title: "Vasco da Gama Bridge" content: the south bank of Tagus, near Montijo. As of 2016, taxes range from €2.70 (passenger cars) to €11.70 (trucks). Vasco da Gama Bridge The Vasco da Gama Bridge (; ) is a cable-stayed bridge flanked by viaducts and rangeviews that spans the Tagus River in Parque das Nações in Lisbon, the capital of Portugal. It is the second longest bridge in Europe after the Crimean Bridge with a total length of , including for the main bridge and in viaducts. The Bridge is served by of dedicated access roads. It was built to alleviate the congestion on Lisbon's 25 de


title: "FIPS 140-2" content: design and implementation of a cryptographic module. Within most areas, a cryptographic module receives a security level rating (1–4, from lowest to highest), depending on what requirements are met. For other areas that do not provide for different levels of security, a cryptographic module receives a rating that reflects fulfillment of all of the requirements for that area. An overall rating is issued for the cryptographic module, which indicates: On a vendor's validation certificate, individual ratings are listed, as well as the overall rating. NIST maintains validation lists for all of its cryptographic standards testing programs (past and present). All


title: Massurrealism content: 2005, graffiti artist Banksy illicitly hung a rock in the British Museum showing a caveman pushing a shopping cart, which Shelley Esaak of about.com described as "a nice tribute to James Seehafer and Massurrealism." British artist Alan King started to experiment with a combination of digital and traditional art methods in the 1990s, producing a majority of his works by using computer techniques combined with a multitude of traditional methods including oils, acrylic, and watercolour. Nationally renowned photographer Chip Simons incorporates both his photo images with digital collage. Cecil Touchon, who works with sound collage & poetry, is a massurrealist


title: "Katamari Damacy" content: Game Design" at the 2005 Game Developers Choice Awards, and G4 awarded "Katamari Damacy" its "Best Innovation" prize in its G-Phoria of that year. "Katamari Damacy" was one of the recipients of the 2004 Good Design Award in Japan, the first time a video game has won this award. In 2015, the game placed 13th on USgamer's The 15 Best Games Since 2000 list. Although the game has rapidly achieved a cult following and has been praised by many reviewers, it also has its share of criticism. A common complaint is that the game is relatively short and repetitive—it can


title: "Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974" content: Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) (, codified in part at ) is a federal United States tax and labor law that establishes minimum standards for pension plans in private industry. It contains rules on the federal income tax effects of transactions associated with employee benefit plans. ERISA was enacted to protect the interests of employee benefit plan participants and their beneficiaries by: ERISA is sometimes used to refer to the full body of laws that regulate employee benefit plans, which are mainly in the Internal Revenue Code and ERISA


title: "Hubert Gough" content: "move up" in the evening. Gough visited Rawlinson for the third time in the afternoon but was told that there would be no breakthrough that day, so he ordered cavalry to return to billets. At 7 pm Rawlinson telephoned to give command of X and VIII Corps (the northern sector of the Somme front, where the worst losses and smallest gains had occurred on 1 July), with orders to "push them on again". Taking command on 2 July, Gough reported that VIII Corps communication trenches were blocked with dead and wounded troops and X Corps was found to be little


title: "8th Infantry Division (United States)" content: 8th Infantry Division was reactivated in 1950 as a training division at Fort Jackson, South Carolina and later became a regular infantry division. In 1957 it was rotated to West Germany, initially on a temporary basis in Operation Gyroscope, but remained in West Germany for decades. The Division's First Brigade (with subordinate units) was stationed in Mainz, the Second Brigade (with subordinate units) was stationed in Baumholder, and the Third Brigade (with subordinate units) was stationed in Mannheim (Sullivan and Coleman Barracks). The Division's Fourth Brigade (actually, an attached brigade from the 4th Infantry Division) was stationed in Wiesbaden and


title: Grappa content: Grappa Grappa is an alcoholic beverage, a fragrant, grape-based pomace brandy of Italian origin that contains 35 to 60 percent alcohol by volume (70 to 120 US proof). The flavor of grappa, like that of wine, depends on the type and quality of the grapes used, as well as the specifics of the distillation process. Grappa is made by distilling the skins, pulp, seeds, and stems (i.e., the pomace) left over from winemaking after pressing the grapes. It was originally made to prevent waste by using these leftovers. A similar drink, known as "acquavite d'uva", is made by distilling whole


title: Grappa content: must. Grappa is now a protected name in the European Union. To be called grappa, the following criteria must be met: Criterion 2 rules out the direct fermentation of pure grape juice, which is the method used to produce brandy. Criterion 3 has two important implications. First, the distillation must occur on solids. Thus, it is carried out not with a direct flame but with a bain-marie or steam distillation; otherwise, the pomace may burn. Second, the woody parts of the grapes (the stems and seeds) are co-fermented with the sugar-rich juice; this produces a very small amount of methanol,


title: Grappa content: which is much more toxic than ethanol. Unlike in the similar process of making red wine, in grappa the methanol must be carefully removed during distillation. That is why there is an Italian law requiring winemakers to sell their pomace to grappa makers; this is a measure that was taken against moonshine operations, which are now very rare in Italy. Use of the word grappa for product distilled in the United States is still allowed and falls under the Class definition of brandy further classified type as pomace, specifically grappa or grappa brandy. In Italy, grappa is primarily served as


title: Grappa content: a "digestivo" or after-dinner drink. Its main purpose is to aid in the digestion of heavy meals. Grappa may also be added to espresso coffee to create a "caffè corretto", meaning "corrected" coffee. Another variation of this is the "ammazzacaffè" ("coffee-killer"): the espresso is drunk first, followed by a few ounces of grappa served in its own glass. In Veneto, there is "resentin" ("little rinser"): after finishing a cup of espresso with sugar, a few drops of grappa are poured into the nearly empty cup, swirled, and drunk down in one sip. Among the notable producers of grappa are Jacopo


title: Grappa content: Poli, Nardini, and Nonino. These grappas are produced in significant quantities and are exported; there are also many small local or regional grappas. Most grappa is clear, indicating it is an unaged distillate, though some may retain very faint pigments from their original fruit pomace. Lately, aged grappas have become more common, and these take on a yellow or red-brown hue from the barrels in which they are stored. Grappa is also well known in South America, particularly in Uruguay and Argentina, due to the significant Italian immigration in those countries. It is served as in Italy, after the main


title: Grappa content: meals. In Uruguay, a local version called grappamiel has also been created, which sees honey added to the traditional grappa. It is widely served and mostly drunk in winter because it "warms" the throat. Distillation is an ancient practice that can be traced back to the first century AD. While the distillation of alcohol may have been carried out reliably by the School of Salerno in the 12th century, fractional distillation was developed by Taddeo Alderotti in the 13th century. There is a legend that tells of a Roman soldier who first distilled grappa in the northern Italian town of


title: Grappa content: Bassano del Grappa using distilling equipment stolen in Egypt ("Crisiopea di Cleopatra" 2nd century AD). However, the story cannot be considered reliable as such equipment could not produce grappa. Distillation useful for producing beverages was not discovered until the eighth century, and it likely took about two more centuries for the technology to travel from its home in the Levant and Persia to Italy (likely by route of the Crusades). Around 1300–1400 AD, however, the introduction of water as a coolant in the distilling equipment made it possible to produce a substantially larger amount of distilled wine and to distill


title: Grappa content: pomace. Around 1600 AD, the Jesuits in Spain, Italy and Germany studied and codified the techniques used to produce brandy or grappa, and their methods were used until recent times. The Museum of Wine and Grappa shows historical equipment used in the early years of grappa distillation. The modernization of grappa distillation is relatively recent, probably in 1979 in Northern Italy. Initially it was carried out by direct flame but soon the advantages of a bain-marie or steam distillation to obtain a better product became obvious. Modern refinements included the distillation of pomace under vacuum, the use of varietal grapes


title: Grappa content: and aging in casks of various types of wood to improve the flavor of the liquor. Oak is the most used, but some high-end grappas are aged successively in casks of acacia, ash and cherrywood, an innovation introduced by the Marzadro Distillery. In Sardinia, Grappa is colloquially known as Filu è Ferru (iron wire), as most of the distillation was homemade and illegal to avoid customs and excise taxes. The illegally made liquor was bottled, sealed and then buried in orchards fields and pastures, awaiting commercialization. A bit of iron wire was tied around the bottleneck, barely protruding the soil.


title: Grappa content: after some time the wire would rust and disappear completely save for a faintly brown red color stain to the topsoil on the spot where the bottle was buried. While the peasant distiller could easily recognize the colored spot, the urban-bred Guardia di Finanza officers were generally unable to tell the difference. Professional tasters distinguish among four categories of grappa: young, cask-conditioned, aromatic, and aromatized. Grappa tastings begin with young grappas, then continue with cask-conditioned and aromatic grappas, and finish with aromatized grappas. When the tasting involves more than one grappa from the same category, the examination begins with the


title: Grappa content: grappa that has the lowest alcohol content and concludes with the product richest in alcohol. When two grappas have the same alcohol content, the tasting begins with the smoother and less markedly flavoured product, which the organizer of the tasting will have selected beforehand. Another way to "taste" grappa is by rubbing a small amount on the back of the hand and sniffing. If the aroma is pleasant, the grappa is well made. Impurities in grappa come out in the vapour and can be easily distinguished in this way. After each tasting, and before sampling another glass, some tasters recommend


title: Grappa content: drinking half a glass of milk to refresh the taste receptors on the tongue. Various other food products can help stop taste-characteristics of one grappa from "dragging" or carrying over to the next. Foods that are effective in this role as well as providing an agreeable accompaniment to grappa's own flavour include: With the introduction of "boutique" grappas, elaborate flute glasses have been promoted; traditionalists continue to taste grappa in shot glasses. Grappa Grappa is an alcoholic beverage, a fragrant, grape-based pomace brandy of Italian origin that contains 35 to 60 percent alcohol by volume (70 to 120 US proof).


title: "European water vole" content: European water vole The European water vole or northern water vole ("Arvicola amphibius", included in synonymy: "A. terrestris"), is a semiaquatic rodent. It is often informally called the water rat, though it only superficially resembles a true rat. Water voles have rounder noses than rats, deep brown fur, chubby faces and short fuzzy ears; unlike rats their tails, paws and ears are covered with hair. In the wild, on average, water voles only live about five months. Maximum longevity in captivity is two and a half years. Water voles reach in length, plus a tail which is about half the


title: "European water vole" content: length of the body. Weights reported for adults are variable. It is possible for large, optimal adults to weigh as much as However, these are peak weights. Elsewhere the mean body mass has been reported as , although this figure includes immature water voles. The minimum weight to successfully breed as well as to survive winter is reportedly in females and in males. As a species the mean body mass is claimed as . Overall, European water voles are a uniform dark brown colour, with slightly paler coloration on the underside. Their pelage is quite thick and they are furred


title: "European water vole" content: over their entire body, including their tail, unlike rats. Their dark colour allows them to blend in well in the densely vegetated areas they inhabit. The binomial applied to the water vole is "Arvicola amphibius", it was formerly known by the junior synonym "A. terrestris". The confusion stems from the fact that Linnaeus described two species of water vole on the same page of the same work. Those two forms are now universally considered the same species. It has been recognized as "A. amphibius" (Linnaeus, 1758) because the first source to unite the two forms, which Linnaeus had treated separately,


title: "European water vole" content: into a single species chose "A. amphibius" as the valid name. The species is widely known by the synonym "A. terrestris" which for many decades was treated as the valid name. Some authorities consider the southwestern water vole ("Arvicola sapidus") to be the same species, but this is now generally considered distinct. The water vole "Arvicola amphibius" is found in most of Europe, Russia, West Asia and Kazakhstan. In Britain, water voles live in burrows excavated within the banks of rivers, ditches, ponds, and streams. Burrows are normally located adjacent to slow moving, calm water which they seem to prefer.


title: "European water vole" content: They also live in reed beds where they will weave ball shaped nests above ground if no suitable banks exist in which to burrow. Water voles prefer lush riparian vegetation which provides important cover to conceal animals when they are above ground adjacent to the water body. Areas of heavily grazed and trampled riparian habitats are generally avoided. Water voles may be displaced by the introduction of riparian woodland and scrub as they prefer more open wetland habitats away from tree cover. As well as frequenting typical lowland wetland habitats dominated by rank marginal aquatic vegetation, water voles are also


title: "European water vole" content: just as at home in areas upland 'peatland' vegetation where they utilize suitable small ditches, rivers, and lochs surrounded by moorland up to 1000 m asl (e.g. northern Scotland). In Europe and Russia, they may venture into woods, fields, and gardens. They live under the snow during the winter. Water voles are currently being reintroduced as a threatened species in Yorkshire, England. In the Massif Central area of France, however, farmers are campaigning for action to be taken against water voles, where plagues of these rodents are causing major damage to crops. Water voles mainly eat grass and other vegetation


title: "European water vole" content: near the water, but will also consume fruits, bulbs, twigs, buds, and roots when given the opportunity. In Europe, rich harvest periods can cause water vole "plagues" to take place, during which the voles eat ravenously, destroying entire fields of grass and leaving the fields full of burrows. Water voles in some parts of England have been shown to occasionally prey on frogs and tadpoles; it has been speculated that this is to make up for a protein deficiency in the voles' diet. Food remains alone are not a reliable indicator of the presence of this species, as other smaller


title: "European water vole" content: voles can also leave remains of large grasses and rushes. The mating period lasts from March into late autumn. The female vole's pregnancy lasts for approximately 21 days. Up to 8 baby voles can be born, each weighing around . The young voles open their eyes three days after their birth. They are half the size of a full grown water vole by the time they are weaned. Water voles are expert swimmers and divers. They do not usually live in large groups. Adult water voles each have their own territories, which they mark with fecal latrines located either near


title: "European water vole" content: the nest, burrow and favoured water's edge platforms where voles leave or enter the water. Latrines are known to be a good survey indicator of this species, and can be used to gauge abundance of animals. They also scent-mark by using a secretion from their bodies (a flank gland), although this is not normally detectable during a field survey. They may attack if their territory is invaded by another water vole. As a large and common microtine rodent, the range of predators faced by the European water vole is extensive. However, many species of predator prefer other rodents, such as


title: "European water vole" content: "Microtus" voles and wood mice, due to their greater numerical abundance. Wildcats, red foxes, most species of hawk (especially common buzzards), owl (especially the barn owl, genus "Strix", and Eurasian eagle-owl) and falcon (in large numbers by the common kestrel) in their range are among their reported predators. A very large number are also taken by mustelids. Reportedly small "Mustela" weasels as well as European and introduced American mink may take the largest number of water voles of any predator due in part to aligning habitat preferences. The rarely checked invasive population of American mink has reportedly caused a decline


title: "European water vole" content: of water voles in Britain. The water vole population in the UK has fallen from its estimated pre-1960 level of around 8 million to 2.3 million in 1990 and to 354,000 (other source: 750,000) in 1998. This represents a 90–95% loss. It is still declining dramatically: the most recent estimate for 2004 is around 220,000. This decline is partly attributed to the American mink, an aggressive predator of the vole, together with unsympathetic farming and watercourse management which destroyed parts of the water vole's habitat. On 26 February 2008, the UK Government announced full legal protection for water voles would


title: "European water vole" content: be introduced from 6 April 2008. This makes it an offence to disturb, damage or obstruct their breeding places. The water vole is the UK's fastest declining mammal and efforts are under way to protect it and its habitat from further destruction. One aspect of water vole conservation in the UK is focused on non-linear habitats such as reed bed which support extensive networks or metapopulations. Other areas supporting healthy populations of water voles are large conurbations such as Birmingham and London and some upland areas where American mink are scarce. Across the UK the Wildlife Trusts and other organisations


title: "European water vole" content: are undertaking many practical projects to conserve and restore water vole populations. Water voles have recently returned to Lindow Common nature reserve in Cheshire, UK, after many years of absence. The reserve rangers credit this to conservation management, which included thinning of woodland. Wetlands West (formerly the Severn and Avon Vales Wetlands Partnership) reports on work done as part of the Water Vole Recovery Project in the Berkeley Vale. In Gloucestershire a new nature reserve for water voles was created in 2009/2010 at Nind (a former trout farm). The European Otter has been known to actively attack mink preying upon


title: "European water vole" content: water vole.There are also indications that the water vole is increasing in numbers in UK areas where the European otter has made a return. In 2015 People's Trust for Endangered Species launched a new project to try and coordinate conservation efforts for the water vole in the UK. The National Water Vole Monitoring Programme (NWVMP) is the first ongoing monitoring scheme for this species in the UK and aims to bring together data from several hundred sites to allow the status of this animal to be assessed year-on-year. A water vole named "Ratty" is a leading character in the 1908


title: "European water vole" content: children's book "Wind in the Willows" by Kenneth Grahame: the locality used in the book is believed to be Moor Copse in Berkshire, England, and the character's name "Ratty" has become widely associated with the species and their riverbank habitat, as well as the misconception that they are a species of rat. In the comic novel and film "Cold Comfort Farm" by Stella Gibbons, one of the characters, Urk, refers to the subject of his unrequited love, Elfine Starkadder, as his little water vole. Throughout the story, Urk spends a lot of time talking to the water voles on the


title: "European water vole" content: farm. C. S. Calverley a 19th-century writer of (among other things) light verse, in his poem "Shelter," beginning: "By the wide lake's margin I mark'd her lie--" "The wide, weird lake where the alders sigh--" Tells of an apparently shy, easily frightened young female by a lakeside, who in the last line of the poem, it's revealed that: "For she was a water-rat." European water vole The European water vole or northern water vole ("Arvicola amphibius", included in synonymy: "A. terrestris"), is a semiaquatic rodent. It is often informally called the water rat, though it only superficially resembles a true


title: "Fred Dunlap" content: lived." Stanley Robinson, who owned and managed major league teams in St. Louis and Cleveland, went even further: "He was not only the greatest second baseman, but take him in all the departments of the game, he was perhaps the greatest player that ever lived." Another of Dunlap's contemporaries, Sam Crane, also picked Dunlap as the greatest second baseman in a newspaper column published in 1912. Crane wrote: "Fred Dunlap was acknowledged to be the best second baseman of his day, and was excellent from every angle. I think he excelled Fred Pfeffer." In 1910, John Montgomery Ward, a Hall


title: "Cumbre Vieja" content: intensity of VIII on the Modified Mercalli Scale also occurred, the epicentre was calculated to be near Jedey. Following the earthquakes a fracture was noted and it had a length of approximately one and half kilometres. It was traceable to the Hoyo Negro and Duraznero vents, making a total length of about two and half kilometres or about 1/10 of the exposed length of the Cumbre Vieja, and parts of the western half of the Cumbre Vieja ridge had apparently moved about 1 metre sideways and 2 metres downwards towards the Atlantic Ocean. It was only in the vicinity of


title: "Iain Dowie" content: several months. Dowie tried to stick out the post for as long as possible until he decided to move on citing the need to support his family as a reason. On 21 December 2003, Dowie was appointed manager of Crystal Palace, inheriting a squad with low morale and occupying 19th place in Division One. However, under his leadership, the club went on an impressive run that included 17 wins from 23 games after he took over, until the end of the season, enabling the club to finish in sixth place in the First Division, just scraping into the play-off places.


title: "Evgeni Nabokov" content: the goal line. The game, which ended in a Dallas victory, lasted for four overtime periods and is the eighth longest game in the league's history. Nabokov recorded 41 wins for San Jose during the following season as the team clinched first overall in the Western Conference and the league. Despite this, San Jose was eliminated in the first round of the playoffs by eighth seed Anaheim Ducks, marking just the fourth time that an eighth seed team defeated a first seed team in the first round of the playoffs. On October 17, 2009, he played in his 500th career


title: "Wild Kingdom" content: of Omaha’s Wild Kingdom premiered a series of webisodes that featured new host Stephanie Arne, a new format and new stories about the world’s wildest places and creatures. Webisode 1: “Reef Madness” Wild Guide Stephanie Arne dives with the Coral Restoration Foundation to explore efforts to save the precious coral reefs of the Florida Keys. Webisode 2: “Where the Buffalo Roam” What’s big, brown and built for survival? Wild Kingdom follows one of America’s iconic animals across the South Dakota plains. Webisode 3: “Tegu Invasion” Containing the unwanted guests that are taking over the Florida Everglades. Webisode 4: “California Condor:


title: "Mexico City Metro" content: only 5.6% of Mexicans over the age of six had completed more than six years of school. Since one-third of the Mexican population could not read or write and most of the rest had not completed high school, it was thought that patrons would find it easier to guide themselves with a system based on colors and visual signs. The logos are not assigned at random; rather, they are designated by considering the surrounding areas, such as: The logos' background colors reflect those of the line the station serves. Stations serving two or more lines show the respective colors of


title: "D. S. Senanayake" content: the island. In December 1942, Senanayake became the Leader of the House and Vice Chairman of the Board of Ministers in the State Council, upon the retirement of Sir Baron Jayatilaka, Minister of Home Affairs. On 26 May 1943, the British Government made the Whitehall Declaration of 1943 on Ceylon constitutional change, which enabled ministers to make submissions. This bypassed the Governor, who called for a commission from the colonial office to halt the activities of the ministers. Senanayake resigned from the National Congress disagreeing with its resolution on independence and instead approached the commission with his proposal of dominion


title: Z-DNA content: one another in a left-handed fashion. The relationship between Z-DNA and the more familiar B-DNA was indicated by the work of Pohl and Jovin, who showed that the ultraviolet circular dichroism of poly(dG-dC) was nearly inverted in 4 M sodium chloride solution. The suspicion that this was the result of a conversion from B-DNA to Z-DNA was confirmed by examining the Raman spectra of these solutions and the Z-DNA crystals. Subsequently, a crystal structure of "Z-DNA" was published which turned out to be the first single-crystal X-ray structure of a DNA fragment (a self-complementary DNA hexamer d(CG)). It was resolved


title: "Dale Alexander" content: for Tusculum College. Alexander began playing professional baseball for his hometown team, the Greeneville Burley Cubs of the Appalachian League, in 1923 and 1924. In 1924, he compiled a .332 batting average with 28 doubles and 10 triples in 114 games. He moved on to the Charlotte Hornets of the South Atlantic League, batting .331 in 1925 and .323 in 1926. Alexander next played for the Toronto Maple Leafs of the International League. In 1927, he compiled a .338 batting average with 26 doubles, 11 triples and 12 home runs and 97 RBIs. The next year, he won the International


title: "MDA (TV series)" content: whose passion lies equally distributed between her work at St Albans Hospital Emergency Ward, and defending doctors; "Happy" Henderson, a lawyer whose nickname can be greatly misleading; Dr. Jamie Lawless, an optimistic young doctor whose passion for helping others often leads him to inner conflict; Caitlin King, the new law recruit at MDA whose ambitions far exceed what she can do at the firm; Layla Young of the Bahá'í faith, the friendly receptionist; Dr. Tony McKinnon, a doctor who works with Ella at the hospital; and Richard Savage - the cut-throat plaintiff's advocate who often does battles with MDA. "MDA"


title: "Standing Stones of Stenness" content: Standing Stones of Stenness The Standing Stones of Stenness is a Neolithic monument five miles northeast of Stromness on the mainland of Orkney, Scotland. This may be the oldest henge site in the British Isles. Various traditions associated with the stones survived into the modern era and they form part of the Heart of Neolithic Orkney World Heritage Site. They are looked after by Historic Scotland as a scheduled monument. The surviving stones are sited on a promontory at the south bank of the stream that joins the southern ends of the sea loch Loch of Stenness and the freshwater


title: "Standing Stones of Stenness" content: Loch of Harray. The name, which is pronounced "stane-is" in Orcadian dialect, comes from Old Norse meaning "stone headland". The stream is now bridged, but at one time was crossed by a stepping stone causeway, and the Ring of Brodgar lies about away to the north-west, across the stream and near the tip of the isthmus formed between the two lochs. Maeshowe chambered cairn is about to the east of the Standing Stones of Stenness and several other Neolithic monuments also lie in the vicinity, suggesting that this area had particular importance. Although the site today lacks the encircling ditch