title: "Scottish Parliament Building" content: should be retained and have the ability to communicate their advice to ministers, without those views being "filtered" by public officials. Similarly, where civil servants are part of large project management contracts, clear guidelines of governance should be set out and be as rigorous as standards applied in the private sector. Following publication of the report, Jack McConnell stated that the Fraser recommendations would be fully implemented, and that fundamental reform of the civil service was already under way, with trained professionals being recruited to handle such projects. The First Minister emphasised that he was keen to see an increase


title: "Scottish Parliament Building" content: in the specialist skills of civil servants, in order for them to be able to administer projects of such magnitude in the future. John Elvidge, the most senior civil servant in Scotland, admitted that best practice had not been followed and apologised for the way the project had been handled. He did not rule out the possibility of taking disciplinary action against civil service staff, although subsequent Scottish Government investigations resulted in no action being taken against individual public officials involved with the project. In 2015, the pro-independence group People's Voice established a demonstration camp on the grounds of the


title: "Scottish Parliament Building" content: Scottish parliament demanding independence. this camp was objected to as it risked infringing on the political neutrality of the parliamentary estate and prevented others from using the grounds. Sheriff officers issued the campers with a notice ordering them to leave, however the campers refused. Scottish Parliament Building The Scottish Parliament Building (, ) is the home of the Scottish Parliament at Holyrood, within the UNESCO World Heritage Site in central Edinburgh. Construction of the building commenced in June 1999 and the Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs) held their first debate in the new building on 7 September 2004. The


title: "Richard Farmer" content: the house of Dr. Anthony Askew, the eminent physician, in Queen Square, Bloomsbury. In 1775, on the death of Dr. Richardson, he was chosen master of Emmanuel College, Henry Hubbard, the senior fellow, having declined the post. He now took the degree of D.D., and was very soon succeeded in the tutorship by Dr. William Bennet, later bishop of Cloyne. He served the office of vice-chancellor of the university in 1775–6, and again in 1787–8. During his first term of office the university voted an address to the king, in support of the American policy of the government. One member


title: "Land grant" content: of 1641 and the ensuing Confederacy. In New Zealand two private railway companies were offered land grants to build a railway, though both were eventually taken over by the government and incorporated into the government-owned New Zealand Railways Department. In America, starting in the 16th century, land grants were given for the purpose of establishing settlements, missions, and farms. England started with a headright system, used both by the Virginia Company of London and the Plymouth Colony, but later used primarily in colonies south of Maryland. Under this system, emigrants or those paying for their passage would receive land if


title: Holodomor content: some historians dispute its characterization as a genocide. The word "Holodomor" literally translated from Ukrainian means "death by hunger", or "killing by hunger, killing by starvation". Sometimes the expression is translated into English as "murder by hunger or starvation". Holodomor is a compound of the Ukrainian words "holod" meaning "hunger" and "mor" meaning "plague". The expression "moryty holodom" means "to inflict death by hunger". The Ukrainian verb "moryty" (морити) means "to poison somebody, drive to exhaustion or to torment somebody". The perfective form of the verb "moryty" is "zamoryty" – "kill or drive to death by hunger, exhausting work". The


title: "Hon'inbō Shūsai" content: book "Go and Go Moku" wrote: Intense public interest was shown by, or perhaps aroused by, the "Yomiuri"s publicity tactic of posting the game on billboards, with plays pasted on as they happened. Shūsai won the game with White. The players had 16 hours each; the game was played out over 6 sessions, with Karigane eventually ceding as he ran out of time in a game he was likely to lose by about 5 points. This was just the initial game of a subsequent win-and-continue match, in which three Kiseisha players (Karigane, Takabe and Onoda Chiyotaro) rotated against Nihon Ki-in


title: "Dance of the Vampires (musical)" content: replied, "Well, the reaction, at least in Europe, was great. They recognized it, but then it seems - if it's done well - to take on a different personality." This song list also reflects the Japanese production in 2006. While some song titles changed in later variations, aside from the addition of one number to replace "Die roten Stiefel", the substance of the score is largely the same. (For example, the new title of "Nie geseh'n" merely reflects the first line of the song replacing its original title, not a new number being written. English translations of the new German


title: "Jvari (monastery)" content: Jvari (monastery) Jvari Monastery () is a sixth century Georgian Orthodox monastery near Mtskheta, eastern Georgia. Along with other historic structures of Mtskheta, it is listed as a World Heritage site by UNESCO. Jvari Monastery stands on the rocky mountaintop at the confluence of the Mtkvari and Aragvi rivers, overlooking the town of Mtskheta, which was formerly the capital of the Kingdom of Iberia. According to traditional accounts, on this location in the early 4th century Saint Nino, a female evangelist credited with converting King Mirian III of Iberia to Christianity, erected a large wooden cross on the site of


title: "Jvari (monastery)" content: a pagan temple. The cross was reportedly able to work miracles and therefore drew pilgrims from all over the Caucasus. A small church was erected over the remnants of the wooden cross in c.545 named the "Small Church of Jvari". The present building, or "Great Church of Jvari", is generally held to have been built between 590 and 605 by Erismtavari Stepanoz I. This is based on the Jvari inscriptions on its facade which mentions the principal builders of the church: Stephanos the patricius, Demetrius the hypatos, and Adarnase the hypatos. Professor Cyril Toumanoff disagrees with this view, identifying these


title: "Jvari (monastery)" content: individuals as Stepanoz II, Demetre (brother of Stepanoz I), and Adarnase II (son of Stepanoz II), respectively. The importance of Jvari complex increased over time and attracted many pilgrims. In the late Middle Ages, the complex was fortified by a stone wall and gate, remnants of which still survive. During the Soviet period, the church was preserved as a national monument, but access was rendered difficult by tight security at a nearby military base. After the independence of Georgia, the building was restored to active religious use. Jvari was listed together with other monuments of Mtskheta in 1994 as a


title: "Jvari (monastery)" content: UNESCO World Heritage Site. However, over the centuries the structures suffered damage from rain and wind erosion and inadequate maintenance. Jvari was listed in the 2004 World Monuments Watch list by the World Monuments Fund. The Jvari church is an early example of a "four-apsed church with four niches" domed tetraconch. Between the four apses are three-quarter cylindrical niches which are open to the central space, and the transition from the square central bay to the base of the dome's drum is effected through three rows of squinches.The Jvari church had a great impact on the further development of Georgian


title: "Jvari (monastery)" content: architecture and served as a model for many other churches. Varied bas-relief sculptures with Hellenistic and Sasanian influences decorate its external façades, some of which are accompanied by explanatory inscriptions in Georgian Asomtavruli script. The entrance tympanum on the southern façade is adorned with a relief of the Glorification of the Cross, the same façade also shows an Ascension of Christ. Uncertainty over, and debate about, the date of the church's construction have assumed nationalist undertones in Georgia and Armenia, with the prize being which nation can claim to have invented the "four-apsed church with four niches" form. Erosion is


title: "Jvari (monastery)" content: playing its part to deteriorate the monastery, with its stone blocks being degraded by wind and acidic rain. Jvari (monastery) Jvari Monastery () is a sixth century Georgian Orthodox monastery near Mtskheta, eastern Georgia. Along with other historic structures of Mtskheta, it is listed as a World Heritage site by UNESCO. Jvari Monastery stands on the rocky mountaintop at the confluence of the Mtkvari and Aragvi rivers, overlooking the town of Mtskheta, which was formerly the capital of the Kingdom of Iberia. According to traditional accounts, on this location in the early 4th century Saint Nino, a female evangelist credited


title: "Philip de Montmorency, Count of Horn" content: and later chamberlain at the court of Charles V, de Montmorency married Walburgis van Nieuwenaer in 1546. He became stadtholder of Guelders in 1555, an Admiral of Flanders, and a knight of the Golden Fleece in 1556. In 1559 he commanded the stately fleet which conveyed Philip II from the Netherlands to Spain, and he remained at the Spanish court until 1563. On his return he placed himself with the Prince of Orange and Count of Egmont at the head of the party which opposed the imposition of the inquisition by Cardinal Granvelle and ultimately forced his resignation. When Granvelle


title: "Byron Galvez" content: Vincent Price, who called Gálvez a “Mexican Picasso.” The paintings were taken out of the country one week before the exhibit, but Gálvez was not concerned about not having paintings for the show, rather he was satisfied about his work being recognized and supported. He managed to create forty five more paintings in the remaining time in order to have the exhibit. After this individual exhibit, Gálvez had over 55 more over he career, along with participated in other 75 collective exhibits. Important exhibits include the Solar 68 collective exhibition at the Palacio de Bellas Artes (1968), the Sterenberg Galleries,


title: "Theodorus Bailey (officer)" content: on 3 March 1827 after almost a decade of service. Next, he served briefly in the sloop and in the schooner in 1831, before being assigned to in June 1833 for a three-year cruise around the world in search of shipwrecked and stranded American seamen. Returning to the east coast in June 1836, Bailey saw duty in the ship-of-the-line before going ashore for a two-year tour at the New York Navy Yard from 1838 to 1840. Bailey returned to sea in the frigate between 1840 and 1844. During that period, his ship served an extended tour on the East India


title: Kartli content: Iberia evolved. The role of Kartli as a core ethnic and political unit which would form a basis for the subsequent Georgian unification further increased as a result of its Christianization early in the 4th century. Located on the crossroads of the Byzantine and Iranian influences, Kartli developed a vibrant Christian culture, aided by the fact that it was the only Kartvelian area with its own written language. With the consolidation of the Arab rule in Tbilisi in the 8th century, the political center of Kartli shifted to its southwest, but the Georgian literati of that time afforded to Kartli


title: "Gatineau Park" content: was to be the first national park created by the first parks service in the world, the Dominion Parks Branch. On December 3, 1913, Dominion Parks Commissioner James B. Harkin wrote to Deputy Minister of the Interior William Cory, arguing for the creation of a nationwide system of parks, the first of which was to be Gatineau Park. In his memo, Harkin said: A few months later, on Cory's suggestion, Harkin wrote Quebec Minister of Mines and Forests Charles Devlin inquiring whether he would help establish a national park in the Gatineau district. Although provincial officials wrote back that the


title: "Expressways of China" content: Sanshilipu totaling 131 kilometers were completed, with the 108 kilometer middle portion of the expressway remaining a highway. It will take till August 20, 1990, for all sections of the highway to become that of an expressway. The expressway is now part of the longer G15 Shenyang–Haikou Expressway. On December 21, 1984, construction began on the Shanghai–Jiading Expressway in the city of Shanghai. The Shanghai–Jiading Expressway opened on 31 October 1988, becoming the first completed expressway in China. This expressway now forms part of Shanghai's expressway network. In December 1987, construction of the 142.69 kilometers long Jingjintang Expressway started, connecting


title: "August Sangret" content: constructed. Throughout the days in which he was questioned, Sangret remained at the police station. In his statement, Sangret discussed in exhaustive detail his relationship with Wolfe, and his actions following her disappearance. He did concede to having had an argument with Wolfe regarding his reluctance to marry her on the final occasion he had seen her, but denied having either caused her any harm, or any knowledge of her current whereabouts. When questioned as to the whereabouts of his army-issue knife, Sangret claimed he had given this instrument to Wolfe. After completing his statement on the morning of 16


title: Celbridge content: Londis supermarket. Finey's successor as Conolly's agent, Dublin cabinetmaker Charles Davis, built Jessamine Lodge, an impressive fivebay house with a weather vane on the junction of Main Street and the Maynooth Road (1750). It was home to seven generations of Mulligans until 1992. One of the Mulligans had the decorative iron arch to the entrance gate constructed from material salvaged from the GPO Dublin after the 1916 Rising. The Castletown Inn stands where Isaac Annesley, the early 18th century master stonemason lived. One of the oldest houses in the town. No 59 next door, was renovated in the latter half


title: "Stevie Richards" content: EV 2.0 lost the match and Sabu was released from TNA. Richards then challenged TNA Television Champion A.J. Styles to a match on the next "Impact!". He failed to bring the Television Championship to EV 2.0, and was taken from the ring in a neck brace, suffering a storyline injury. Despite this, TNA streamed a match on Xplosion, in which Richards defeated Okada. On January 11, 2011, Manna announced he had quit TNA. On an October 2014 interview, Manna explained that he quit TNA because TNA was not paying him a living wage at the time. TNA added Manna to


title: Cult content: Objectivity in a Controversial Field", contributor Julius H. Rubin complains that the term has been used to discredit certain groups in the court of public opinion. In his work "Cults in Context" author Lorne L. Dawson writes that although the Unification Church "has not been shown to be violent or volatile", it has been described as a destructive cult by "anticult crusaders". In 2002, the German government was held by Germany's Federal Constitutional Court to have defamed the Osho movement by referring to it, among other things, as a "destructive cult" with no factual basis. "Doomsday cult" is an expression


title: "Best Bakery case" content: recounted for many publications. However, as per documents presented to the court, Zaheera's FIR was registered by the police on 4 March 2002, leading the defence to oppose its use and the judge to suspect its validity and the possibility of it having been doctored by the police to implicate innocent people at the expense of the guilty perpetrators. The defence purported that only the FIR that was registered on FIR of 1 March 2002 (by Raizkhan Amin Mohammed Pathan) should be admissible under Section 60 of the Indian evidence act. Further, in court on 23 March 2003, as many


title: "Despair, Inc." content: as the last candidate in most listings. In 2000, Despair, Inc. obtained a registered trademark in the USA for the familiar frowny emoticon :-( when used on "greeting cards, posters and art prints". In 2001, they issued a satirical press release, announcing that they would sue "anyone and everyone who uses the so-called 'frowny' emoticon, or our trademarked logo, in their written email correspondence. Ever." Despair published "The Art of Demotivation" by E.L. Kersten, Ph.D., a former professor of organizational communication and company co-founder, in 2005. It is a spoof of the management guru book genre and features 18 stylized


title: "Method overriding" content: are inaccessible to . The following statements will instantiate objects of type and , and call their respective methods: In C++11, similar to Java, a method that is declared codice_1 in the super class cannot be overridden; also, a method can be declared codice_2 to make the compiler check that it overrides a method in the base class. In Delphi, method overriding is done with the directive override, but only if a method was marked with the dynamic or virtual directives. The inherited reserved word must be called when you want to call super-class behavior In Eiffel, feature redefinition is


title: "Knights of Ramune" content: activate the Dark Knight, which will cause the planet to be destroyed. Electone, shocked that Ramunes has left without her for the Dark Knight, enters, kills Don Vodka for suggesting that Ramunes is an impostor, and begins fighting the Holy Virgins; she is defeated. The Giga Genos falls to the planet below, and Parfait, Cacao, PQ, and Lemon exit in the experimental mech. Electone emerges from the wreckage and enters the Dark Knight. The fake Ramunes activated it, causing the mech to reject him. Electone finds him and reminisces about how she has helped raise him and lived by his


title: Ronda content: startling in Spain than this wild and mountainous city.") Hemingway's novel "For Whom the Bell Tolls" describes the execution of Nationalist sympathizers early in the Spanish Civil War. The Republicans murder the Nationalists by throwing them from cliffs in an Andalusian village, and Hemingway allegedly based the account on killings that took place in Ronda at the cliffs of "El Tajo". Orson Welles said he was inspired by his frequent trips to Spain and Ronda (e.g. his unfinished film about Don Quixote). After he died in 1985, his ashes were buried in a well on the rural property of his


title: "VIA C7" content: this core include: VIA C7 The VIA C7 is an x86 central processing unit designed by Centaur Technology and sold by VIA Technologies. The C7 delivers a number of improvements to the older VIA C3 cores but is nearly identical to the latest VIA C3 Nehemiah core. The C7 was officially launched in May 2005, although according to market reports, full volume production was not in place at that date. In May 2006 Intel's cross-licensing agreement with VIA expired and was not renewed, which was the reason for the forced termination of C3 shipments on March 31, 2006, as VIA


title: "Madeline Smith" content: Guinness in the original West End production of Alan Bennett's "Habeas Corpus" (playing Felicity Rumpers), supported Frankie Howerd again in the "Volpone" adaptation "The Fly and the Fox" (Churchill Theatre, Bromley), played Elma in a Cambridge Theatre Company revival of Frederick Lonsdale's "Canaries Sometimes Sing", and spent two years playing the female lead in Agatha Christie's "The Mousetrap" at the St Martin's Theatre. Her television credits include "Doctor at Large" (1971), "The Two Ronnies" (appearing in the serial 'Hampton Wick', 1971), "Clochemerle" (1972), "His and Hers" (1970) with Tim Brooke-Taylor, "Casanova '73" (1973) with Leslie Phillips, "Steptoe and Son" (1974),


title: "Prunus padus" content: Prunus padus Prunus padus, known as bird cherry, hackberry, hagberry, or Mayday tree, is a flowering plant in the rose family Rosaceae. It is a species of cherry, a deciduous small tree or large shrub up to 16 m tall. It is the type species of the subgenus "Padus", which have flowers in racemes. It is native to northern Europe and northern Asia "Prunus padus" is native to northern Europe and spans central latitudes of Asia, including Japan. Its distribution includes the British Isles, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia, Ukraine, France, Spain, Portugal, Northern Italy, Austria, and the Balkans. The Mayday


title: "Prunus padus" content: tree is abundant as an introduced species in Anchorage, Alaska, having been planted in great numbers by landscapers and homeowners. The English name "hackberry" refers to the fruit, which is astringent due to their tannin content. There are two varieties: The flowers are hermaphroditic and pollinated by bees and flies. The fruit is readily eaten by birds, which do not taste astringency as unpleasant. Bird-cherry ermine moth ("Yponomeuta evonymella") uses bird-cherry as its host plant, and the larvae can eat single trees leafless. The glycosides prulaurasin and amygdalin, which can be poisonous to some mammals, are present in some parts


title: "Prunus padus" content: of "P. padus", including the leaves, stems and fruits. The fruit of this tree is seldom used in western Europe, but, once upon a time, it may possibly have been commonly eaten farther east. According to Herodotus writing some 2,500 years ago, a strange race of men and women, all bald from birth, who live in what may possibly be the foothills of the Urals, pick the bean-sized fruits of a tree called 'pontic' to make a black juice from, and from the leftover lees of the fruit make a cake-like dish, this juice and cakes being the main sustenance


title: "Prunus padus" content: of the bald peoples. According to A.D. Godley, a translator of the works of Herodotus published in the early 1920s, it is said that the Cossacks make a similar juice from "Prunus padus", and call this juice a similar name as the bald men called their juice according to Scythian traders according to Herodotus. It was used medicinally during the Middle Ages. The bark of the tree, placed at the door, was supposed to ward off plague. The variety commutata is sold as an ornamental tree in North America under the common name Mayday. It is valued for its hardiness


title: "Prunus padus" content: and spring display of fragrant, white flowers. The common name Mayday tree is not related to the distress signal mayday as the name for the tree was in use prior to the adoption of mayday as an international distress signal. A taboo on the use of the wood was reported by natives of Advie, in northeast Scotland, being regarded as a "witches tree". Prunus padus Prunus padus, known as bird cherry, hackberry, hagberry, or Mayday tree, is a flowering plant in the rose family Rosaceae. It is a species of cherry, a deciduous small tree or large shrub up to


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: Main Street Electrical Parade The Main Street Electrical Parade is a nighttime parade, created by Robert Jani and project director Ron Miziker. It features floats and live performers covered in over 600,000 electronically controlled LED lights and a synchronized soundtrack triggered by radio control along key areas of the parade route. Versions of the parade existed in five Disney parks worldwide, however, as of August 21, 2017, only one continues to exist. The version at Disneyland Park in California's Disneyland Resort ran from 1972-1996, and again in 2017. The neighboring Disney California Adventure park hosted the parade between 2001 and


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: 2010. Another version, at the Magic Kingdom in Florida's Walt Disney World Resort, ran between 1977 and 2016, with two major gaps during 1991–1999 and 2001–2010. The parade has also spun off several other versions that ran or continue to run at Disney parks around the world. An updated version runs at Tokyo Disneyland as the "Tokyo Disneyland Electrical Parade: DreamLights". In 2014, Hong Kong Disneyland premiered a spiritual successor to the Main Street Electrical Parade, the "Paint the Night Parade". An extended version of "Paint the Night" premiered at Disneyland on May 22, 2015 as part of the park's


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: 60th anniversary celebration, and moved to Disney California Adventure on April 12, 2018. The original Disneyland version of the parade ran at Walt Disney World's Magic Kingdom as "Disney's Main Street Electrical Parade" from June 5, 2010 to October 9, 2016, when it closed in preparation for a limited-time run at Disneyland. The Disneyland run started on January 20, 2017 and was planned to run through June 18, 2017, but due to popular demand, Disney extended the parade's run to August 20, 2017. Disney has not made any announcements regarding the parade's future. The predecessor to the 1972 Disneyland Main


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: Street Electrical Parade was the Electrical Water Pageant, a show made up of fourteen 25-foot-tall (7.6 m) screens with electrical lights placed on them. Not long after the Electrical Water Pageant debuted, Card Walker commissioned the development of what became the Main Street Electrical Parade to provide Disneyland with a similar nighttime visual spectacle. The parade's design used nickel–cadmium batteries, which the Disney movie studio had recently started using, and Italian-made miniature bulbs that Disneyland staff had seen in light displays along Michigan Avenue in Chicago, Illinois. Disney arranged for the parade's original floats to be constructed by Silvestri, the


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: Chicago-based company responsible for those holiday displays. Two months to deadline, Disney discovered the float contractor was far behind schedule and decided to finish the floats themselves in a backstage area at Disneyland. Disney brought on welders, electricians and other temporary workers to assemble the floats and hand-tint and install 500,000 bulbs. The engineers who helped create the parade also created the first automated parade show-control program. This allowed the long parade route to contain multiple radio-activated "trigger zones". Using radio-activated triggers as each float entered a zone, the audience would hear float-specific music through the park's audio system. Each


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: zone was between long, and the zoned system meant that every person watching the parade would experience the same show, no matter where they stood along the parade route. The first rehearsal was a disaster; a float crashed into a building on Main Street, U.S.A., and some performers' costumes emitted sparks. Despite these obstacles, the parade successfully debuted on schedule on June 17, 1972. The original parade floats featured the Blue Fairy, a large drum pulled by the Casey Jr. Engine, Cinderella, a Chinese dragon, and a circus calliope. Until 1977, some of the floats, such as the elephant train


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: and the American flag finale, were flat screens on manually-pushed rolling platforms similar to the Electrical Water Pageant. The Main Street Electrical Parade had counterparts of the same name and layout at Magic Kingdom in the Walt Disney World Resort, which ran from June 11, 1977 to September 14, 1991. It was replaced by a similar parade called "SpectroMagic", which ran from October 1, 1991 to May 20, 1999, reopened on April 2, 2001, and ended on June 4, 2010. On April 12, 1992, the version from Magic Kingdom went to Disneyland Park at Disneyland Paris and ran there until


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: March 23, 2003. It was then replaced by Fantillusion, a nighttime parade from Tokyo Disneyland that had earlier replaced the Tokyo version of the Main Street Electrical Parade, which ran from March 9, 1985 to June 21, 1995. On June 14, 1997, a presentation of the Electrical Parade called the "Hercules Electrical Parade", ran on Broadway, Manhattan, New York City for the opening of Disney's New Amsterdam Theater and the film "Hercules". Disney arranged for the lights to be all turned off on about eight blocks of Broadway up to the theater. All businesses complied, with the exception of Disney


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: rival Warner Brothers. It was led by a custom Hercules title unit made for this one time only use. It was shown on national television on a one-hour promotional program featuring the music and making of Hercules. The Main Street Electrical Parade closed at Disneyland on November 25, 1996 after a 24-year run. Light bulbs certified as having been part of the show were sold to collectors. The replacement show, Light Magic, opened in 1997 and was an immediate failure. Disney quickly cancelled Light Magic but held off in bringing back the popular Main Street Electrical Parade. However, the parade


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: was refurbished and appeared at Magic Kingdom on May 21, 1999 for a limited engagement, just in time for Walt Disney World Millennium Celebration. The parade ended its run at Magic Kingdom on April 1, 2001 and SpectroMagic was brought back the following day. The Main Street Electrical Parade floats were then sent back to California for the parade's return to Disneyland. These plans changed after Anaheim management saw the poor attendance figures for the spring break season at Disney California Adventure and feared that the park would fail to attract large crowds during the crucial summer season, unless they


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: had a big draw. So, Disney announced that the popular Main Street Electrical Parade would be coming to Disney California Adventure Park on July 2, 2001, in honor of the first summer of the park. The name of the show was changed from the Main Street Electrical Parade to Disney's Electrical Parade, as Disney California Adventure has no Main Street. Most of the 1996 parade floats returned. On the 2008 "Walt Disney World Christmas Day Parade" special, Disney announced that the first new float would be added to the classic parade in 20 years. It was announced in 2009 that


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: two units would be returning as well. Disney's Electrical Parade at Disney California Adventure ended its run on April 18, 2010, and was sent to Magic Kingdom as part of the Walt Disney World 2010 promotional package "Summer Nightastic!" The parade was not modified from its Disney California Adventure run, with the drum still saying "Disney's Electrical Parade", but the name of the parade itself was changed back to The Main Street Electrical Parade. The parade returned to Magic Kingdom on June 5, 2010. While it was initially announced that the parade would stay just through the summer, Disney later


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: announced that the parade was on an "open-ended" run. The parade ended its run at Magic Kingdom on October 9, 2016, in preparation for its limited-time return to Disneyland park in California, which was scheduled to run from January 20 to June 18, 2017, before being extended to August 20, 2017. A special ticketed premiere event, costing , occurred on January 19, 2017. Disneyland revived the drum float to once again read “Main Street Electrical Parade” as well as “Disneyland Presents”. Tinker Bell’s float added in 2009, was moved back to the Peter Pan unit and was altered for the


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: 2017 run, officially making Casey Junior the new leader of the parade. In February 2017, the pixie dust swooshes added to the floats in 2009, were permanently removed, except on Tinker Bell's float, since Tinker Bell was no longer the parade's leader. The Main Street Electrical Parade made its final performance of its most recent run at Disneyland Park on August 20, 2017. Since then, Disney has not released any information on the parade, whether if is retired or if it will return in the coming years. Over the years and numerous iterations of the parade, the roster of floats


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: has changed. The version of the parade that has appeared in Disneyland, the Magic Kingdom, and Disneyland Paris has maintained a continuous set of units. These include The Casey Jr. train from "Dumbo" carrying Mickey Mouse, Minnie Mouse and Goofy, and subsequent floats based on "Alice in Wonderland", "Cinderella", "Peter Pan", "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs", "Pinocchio", "Pete's Dragon", and a patriotic American float titled "To Honor America". Previous units included the Blue Fairy from "Pinocchio", a circus float connected to "Dumbo", an It's a Small World unit, and a promotional float for "Return to Oz" in 1985, but


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: it was destroyed by a fire. "Tokyo Disneyland Electrical Parade: DreamLights" features a number of floats featured in the western incarnation, though they are upgraded or alternate models. As of the 2017 renewal, the floats are "Blue Fairy", "Knights of Light", "Mickey's Dreamlights Train", "Alice in Wonderland", "Disney Fairies", "Pete's Dragon", "Peter Pan", "Toy Story 3", "Aladdin", "Tangled", "Cinderella", "Beauty and the Beast", "Frozen" and "It's a Small World", There were 3 versions of the parade. Version A (Disneyland version) was built in 1972. This version ran at Disneyland Park (in Anaheim) from 1972 until 1996. It then ran through


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: Times Square in New York as the "Hercules Electrical Parade" for one night only before being moved to Magic Kingdom (in Orlando), where it lasted from 1999 until 2001. After that, it moved to the struggling Disney's California Adventure Park (in Anaheim), where it ran from 2001 until 2010. When it ended there, it moved back to the Magic Kingdom (in Orlando), where it lasted from 2010 until 2016 It then left Magic Kingdom (in Orlando) to move back to its home park, Disneyland (in Anaheim), where it ran from January 19, 2017 until August 20, of the same year.


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: It is unknown the whereabouts of this parade, as Disney has not announced it yet. Version B (Walt Disney World and Disneyland Paris version) was built in 1977 and premiered in Magic Kingdom (in Orlando). It was a clone of the one that was running in Anaheim. It lasted there until 1991, where it moved across the Atlantic to Disneyland Park (Paris). It lasted from 1992 up until 2003, where it was sent to Hong Kong Disneyland, but never appeared there. Version C (Tokyo Disneyland version) was built in 1985 and has not left Tokyo Disneyland Park. It premiered in


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: 1985, and closed in 1995. When it closed, it was refurbished into "Tokyo Disneyland Electrical Parade: DreamLights. In 1997, the Swan Lake Unit was sent to Disneyland Paris. The Main Street Electrical Parade's underlying theme song is entitled "Baroque Hoedown." The original version was created in 1967 by early synthesizer pioneers Jean-Jacques Perrey and Gershon Kingsley and appeared first on the album . Originally, the parade's soundtrack had the same themes as the current recording, but was a different arrangement by Jim Christensen and Paul Beaver. In 1977, it was updated and arranged by electronic music artist Don Dorsey and


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: Jack Wagner at Jack Wagner Studio, which was used until January 2009 in Disney's Electrical Parade. When the parade returned to Disney California Adventure on June 12, 2009, it began using the updated, orchestrated DreamLights soundtrack from Tokyo, but with changes made as certain floats in the California parade are not included in the Tokyo parade. The soundtrack for the current version, the 2009 version of Disney's Electrical Parade, The Main Street Electrical Parade (the last run ending in 2016 at Magic Kingdom), and the now-concluded 2017 run of the Main Street Electrical Parade at Disneyland, as well as Tokyo


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: Disneyland Electrical Parade DreamLights version were arranged, programmed and performed by Gregory Smith. Smith also arranged the music for Disneyland's "Remember... Dreams Come True" show (which also contains a snippet of the original Don Dorsey arrangement, which then concludes in a grand orchestral finale arranged by Smith) as well as "" fireworks shows. The soundtrack to the parade has been released numerous times: Dorsey used 11 synthesizers to create the soundtrack: Moog Model III, Mini-Moog, Steiner-Parker Synthacon, Oberheim 8-voice, Sequential Circuits Prophet-5, Fender Rhodes Piano, New England Digital Synclavier II, Bode 7702 Vocoder, Roland MKS-80 Super Jupiter, Yamaha DX7 and


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: Yamaha TX7. Wagner provides the synthesized vocoder voice for the intro and outro to the parade. Bill Rogers provided the synthesized vocoder announcement when the Disneyland version of the parade made its first visit to Magic Kingdom in 1999. When the parade went to Disney California Adventure Park in 2001, the original Jack Wagner announcements for the Disneyland version of the parade were used as the basis for the announcements at the new park. Since the park does not have a Main Street U.S.A., the announcements had to be updated with minor changes. These included the insertion of the words


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: "Disney" and "Disney's" to reflect that the show's name had changed to Disney's Electrical Parade. These same announcements were used when the soundtrack was updated, albeit with a pitch change to reflect the change in the key the soundtrack was in. Minor harmonic changes were also implemented via the vocoder for the updated soundtrack's version of the announcements, but these did not effect their sound quality or the ability to understand them. While the original soundtrack is played solely on synthesizers, the Tokyo Disneyland version uses an orchestra with adult and youth choirs in addition to harmonies and synthesizers. This


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: version also includes Character voices in both English and Japanese. This version was also orchestrated, programmed, conducted and performed by Gregory Smith. During the Christmas season at Tokyo Disneyland, the Electrical Parade gets a new soundtrack; it is mostly the same soundtrack with added Christmas songs, mixed in with the theme music. For Tokyo Disneyland's 30th anniversary, a show stop was added to the parade, it includes a 2-minute Christmas medley; fireworks from Cinderella Castle are synced during the show stop as well. The showstop is only performed once a year as part of a private event for Disney/JCB Card


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: holders. The 2009 version of Disney's Electrical Parade at Disney's California Adventure, its 2010 run at Magic Kingdom and its 2017 run at Disneyland utilize much of the soundtrack created for DreamLights, with new loops created for the Cinderella, Pinocchio, and To Honor America units. However, the new soundtrack retains a more electronic sound than that of Tokyo's in that many of the orchestral parts of the DreamLights soundtrack have been replaced by synthesizers in this version. Whereas the Magic Kingdom used a newly recorded vocoder introduction for its 2010 version of the parade, the original 1977 Jack Wagner introduction


title: "Main Street Electrical Parade" content: was pitch-corrected to match the updated soundtrack and integrated into Disneyland's 2017 version of the parade. Disney has still yet to release the updated soundtrack used from 2001-2018 which is still in use at Tokyo Disneyland today. Main Street Electrical Parade The Main Street Electrical Parade is a nighttime parade, created by Robert Jani and project director Ron Miziker. It features floats and live performers covered in over 600,000 electronically controlled LED lights and a synchronized soundtrack triggered by radio control along key areas of the parade route. Versions of the parade existed in five Disney parks worldwide, however, as


title: "Jamie Carragher" content: was taken ill and Carragher was his last minute replacement in central midfield. He played well alongside Jamie Redknapp, and scored his first goal with a header in front of the Kop in a 3–0 win. Despite this auspicious start, it proved to be his last contribution to the 1996–97 campaign. Carragher broke into the first team in the 1997–98 season as the team struggled to keep pace with Arsenal and Manchester United despite having talented players such as Owen, Redknapp, Robbie Fowler, Steve McManaman and Paul Ince. Throughout his early playing career, he was essentially used as a utility


title: "Aliyah Bet" content: the intercepted immigrants were sent to internment camps in Cyprus: (Karaolos near Famagusta, Nicosia, Dhekelia, and Xylotymbou. Some were sent to the Atlit detention camp in Palestine, and some to Mauritius. The British held as many as 50,000 people in these camps (see Jews in British camps on Cyprus). Over 1,600 drowned at sea. Only a few thousand actually entered Palestine. The pivotal event in the "Ha'apala" program was the incident of the "SS Exodus" in 1947. The "Exodus" was intercepted and boarded by a British patrol. Despite significant resistance from its passengers, "Exodus" was forcibly returned to Europe. Its


title: "American-British-Dutch-Australian Command" content: January 1942, the Allied governments formally appointed Wavell. The formation of ABDACOM meant that Wavell had control of a huge, but thinly spread force, covering an area from Burma in the west, to Dutch New Guinea and the Philippines in the east. Other areas, including India and Hawaii, remained officially under separate commands, and in practice General Douglas MacArthur was in complete control of Allied forces in the Philippines. At Wavell's insistence, the western half of northern Australia (see map) was added to the ABDA area. The rest of Australia was under Australian control, as were its territories of Papua


title: "Alberto Delgado Pérez" content: halfway through breakfast, literally running for more than thirty minutes before finding a Spanish-speaking gas station attendant who then called a cab for them. Martínez made his way there shortly after that. Alberto Delgado Pérez Alberto Delgado y Pérez (born March 11, 1978 in Havana, Cuba) is a Cuban retired football player. Before joining the Rapids in 2005, he played for Ciudad de la Habana of Cuba and was one of the most dangerous players on the Cuban national team. Delgado scored a goal and added three assists in his year with Colorado. He wears "Pérez" on the back of


title: "City Harvest Church" content: line to serve their imprisonment sentences at Changi Prison from 2016. The 165 full-time staff work from two locations: the Jurong West premises and the corporate office at Suntec City. Committees report to the main CHC Management Board, whose office bearers are elected annually by its 720 executive members. The church was founded by Kong Hee and his wife Sun Ho on 7 May 1989, and held its first service at Peace Centre. It first functioned as "Ekklesia Ministry," a youth department under the legal covering of Bethany Christian Centre, an Assemblies of God church. On 21 December 1992, City


title: "1968 AFC Asian Cup" content: 1968 AFC Asian Cup The 1968 AFC Asian Cup was the 4th edition of the men's AFC Asian Cup, a quadrennial international football tournament organised by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). The finals were held in Iran between 10 and 19 May 1968. It was organized on a round robin basis, with the home team Iran winning with a perfect record of four wins. Except Iran, none of the other four teams that played in this tournament has ever appeared again in the Asian Cup finals as of 2019. With 4 goals, Homayoun Behzadi of Iran, Giora Spiegel and Moshe


title: Sceat content: or less confidence to Wessex, Mercia, Sussex, Essex, Kent, Northumbria, and East Anglia. There was much copying and debasement, and weight could fluctuate considerably There are relatively few hoards from this period with which to construct even a relative chronology, and any new discovery could radically alter our current understanding. The end of the sceattas is especially difficult to pinpoint, and it is likely that there was a period of some decades in the middle of the 8th century when very few if any coins were being produced in England. Sceat A sceat (; "sceattas") was a small, thick silver


title: "Degeneration theory" content: government circles. The psychiatrist Henry Maudsley initially argued that degenerate family lines would die out with little social consequence, but later became more pessimistic about the effects of degeneration on the British population. In the "fin-de-siècle" period, Max Nordau scored an unexpected success with his bestselling "Degeneration" (1892). Sigmund Freud met Nordau in 1885 while he was studying in Paris and was notably unimpressed by him and hostile to the degeneration concept. Degeneration fell from popular and fashionable favor around the time of the First World War, although some of its preoccupations persisted in the writings of the eugenicists and


title: X-23 content: sparing the life of Henry Sutter for Sarah to realize that she was just as guilty of using Laura as the rest of the Facility was. Deciding to make things right, Sarah hatched a plan to escape with Laura, destroy the Facility's work, and start over with her. However, thanks to Zander Rice lacing the trigger scent on her, Sarah was killed by Laura. With her dying breaths, Sarah tells X-23 her name is Laura. Sarah's final thoughts were left in a letter to Laura detailing her guilt, that she was Laura's mother, and the realization that she had come


title: K-os content: album. Despite receiving positive reviews, "Exit" sold only 40,000 albums in the U.S. and 27,000 in Canada according to Nielsen SoundScan. The album went on to win several music awards including the "Album Design of the Year" award at the Juno Awards of 2003. k-os won the "Best International Hip Hop Artist" award at the Source Awards the same year. k-os also appeared and performed on Jimmy Kimmel Live! In 2003, k-os collaborated with The Chemical Brothers on their single "Get Yourself High". The track was nominated for "Best Dance Recording" at the 2005 Grammy Awards. k-os said, on the


title: "Parkland Walk" content: is almost all in Haringey, but a short stretch between Crouch Hill and Crouch End Hill is in Islington, and this section incorporates Crouch Hill Park. The walk is a local nature reserve and a Site of Metropolitan Importance for Nature Conservation. It was declared a local nature reserve in 1990 and is London's longest such reserve. Between Finsbury Park and Highgate, the path forms part of the Capital Ring strategic walking route. The route of the path between Finsbury Park and Highgate was originally constructed by the Edgware, Highgate and London Railway in the 1860s as part of its


title: "Parkland Walk" content: the line into the tube system. This has been redeveloped by adding extensions, cantilevered off the north and west sides of the existing building, and extending a short distance over the Parkland Walk. Now known as "The Cape", it is managed directly by Islington Council and houses a community energy centre, a youth centre, a new ecology centre and Ashmount School's "after School Club". There is a public cafe in the building to which there is direct access from the Parkland Walk. Passing the blockhouse, the walk enters Crouch Hill Park, which spreads to the south of the old railway


title: Honorific content: "The Reverend" for all clergy or "Father" (for a Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, or Anglican Christian priest), "Rabbi" for Jewish clergy, or Professor. Holders of an academic Doctorate such as PhD are addressed as "Doctor" (abbreviated Dr). "Master" as a prefix ahead of the name of boys and young men up to about 16 years of age is less common than it used to be, but is still used by older people addressing the young in formal situations and correspondence. Some honorifics act as complete replacements for a name, as "Sir" or "Ma'am", or "Your Honor". Subordinates will often


title: "Adolfas Mekas" content: sent across Germany from one displaced persons camps to another. While in Germany, Adolfas attended classes in literature and theater arts and philosophy in Mainz, where he also wrote and published short stories, novels, and children's books. Having been refused entry into Israel, New Zealand, and Canada, Mekas was sent as a refugee to the United States, where he arrived with his brother at the end of 1949. In the spring of 1950 he purchased a 16mm Bolex camera and took up photography. At the same time, he wrote more than 50 scripts and attended film screenings at the Museum


title: "Lucha libre" content: Mexican wrestling dates back to 1863, during the French Intervention in Mexico, Enrique Ugartechea, the first Mexican wrestler, developed and invented the Mexican lucha libre from the Greco-Roman wrestling. In the early 1900s, professional wrestling was mostly a regional phenomenon in Mexico until Salvador Lutteroth founded the Empresa Mexicana de Lucha Libre ("Mexican Wrestling Enterprise") in 1933, giving the sport a national foothold for the first time. The promotion company flourished and quickly became the premier spot for wrestlers. As television surfaced as a viable entertainment medium during the 1950s, Lutteroth was then able to broadcast his wrestling across the


title: Plumeria content: Plumeria Plumeria () is a genus of flowering plants in the dogbane family, Apocynaceae. Most species are deciduous shrubs or small trees. The species variously are indigenous to Mexico, Central America, Hawaii and the Caribbean, and as far south as Brazil, but are grown as cosmopolitan ornamentals in warm regions. Common names for plants in the genus vary widely according to region, variety, and whim, but Frangipani or variations on that theme are the most common. Plumeria also is used directly as a common name, especially in horticultural circles. "Plumeria" flowers are most fragrant at night in order to lure


title: Plumeria content: sphinx moths to pollinate them. The flowers yield no nectar, however, and simply trick their pollinators. The moths inadvertently pollinate them by transferring pollen from flower to flower in their fruitless search for nectar.. Insects or human pollination can help create new varieties of plumeria. Plumeria trees from cross pollinated seeds may show characteristics of the mother tree or their flowers might just have a totally new look. "Plumeria" species may be propagated easily by cutting leafless stem tips in spring. Cuttings are allowed to dry at the base before planting in well-drained soil. Cuttings are particularly susceptible to rot


title: Plumeria content: in moist soil. One optional method to root cuttings is applying rooting hormone to the clean fresh-cut end to enable callusing. Plumeria cuttings could also be propagated by grafting a cutting to an already rooted system. There are more than 300 named varieties of "Plumeria". The genus is named in honor of the seventeenth-century French botanist Charles Plumier, who traveled to the New World documenting many plant and animal species. The common name "frangipani" comes from a sixteenth-century marquis of the noble family in Italy who claimed to invent a plumeria-scented perfume, but in reality made a synthetic perfume that


title: Plumeria content: was said at the time to resemble the odor of the recently discovered flowers. Many English speakers also simply use the generic name "plumeria". In Persian, the name is "yas" or "yasmin".In Bengali the name is "Kath Champa", in Hindi, "champa", in Gujarati "champo", in Marathi "chafa" (चाफा), in Telugu "deva ganneru" (divine nerium), in Meitei "khagi leihao". In Hawaii, the name is "melia", although common usage is still 'plumeria'. In Malayalam it is called "Arali (അരളി)". In Sri Lanka, it is referred to as "araliya" (අරලිය) and (in English) as the 'Temple Tree'. In Cantonese, it is known as


title: Plumeria content: "gaai daan fa" or the 'egg yolk flower' tree. The name "lilawadi" (originating from Thai) is found occasionally. In Indonesia, where the flower has been commonly associated with Balinese culture, it is known as "kamboja", in Bali especially it is known as "jepun". In French Polynesia it is called "tipanie" or "tipanier" and "tīpani" in the Cook Islands. In the Philippines it is called "kalachuchi". In Mesoamerica, plumerias have carried complex symbolic significance for over two millennia, with striking examples from the Maya and Aztec periods into the present. Among the Maya, plumerias have been associated with deities representing life


title: Plumeria content: and fertility, and the flowers also became strongly connected with female sexuality. Nahuatl speaking people during the height of the Aztec Empire used plumerias to signify elite status, and planted plumeria trees in the gardens of nobles. These are now common naturalized plants in southern and southeastern Asia. In local folk beliefs they provide shelter to ghosts and demons. They are also associated with temples in both Hindu, Jain, and Buddhist cultures. In several Pacific islands, such as Tahiti, Fiji, Samoa, Hawaii, New Zealand, Tonga, and the Cook Islands plumeria species are used for making leis. In modern Polynesian culture,


title: Plumeria content: the flower can be worn by women to indicate their relationship status—over the right ear if seeking a relationship, and over the left if taken. "Plumeria rubra" is the national flower of Nicaragua, where it is known under the local name ""sacuanjoche"" "Plumeria alba" is the national flower of Laos, where it is known under the local name "champa" or "dok champa". In Bengali culture, most white flowers, and in particular, plumeria (Bengali, চম্পা "chômpa" or চাঁপা "chãpa"), are associated with funerals and death. Also in the Philippines, Indonesia and Malaysia, the plumeria is often associated with ghosts and cemeteries.


title: Plumeria content: Plumerias often are planted on burial grounds in all three nations. They are also common ornamental plants in houses, parks, parking lots and other open-air establishments in the Philippines. Balinese Hindus use the flowers in their temple offerings. The plumeria's fragrance is also associated with the pontianak, an evil vampiric spirit of a dead mother in Malaysian-Indonesian folklores. Indian incenses fragranced with "plumeria rubra" have ""champa"" in their names. For example, "Nag Champa" is an incense containing a fragrance combining plumeria and sandalwood. While plumeria is an ingredient in Indian "champa" incense, the extent of its use varies between family


title: Plumeria content: recipes. Most "champa" incenses also incorporate other tree resins, such as Halmaddi ("Ailanthus triphysa") and benzoin resin, as well as other floral ingredients, including champaca ("Magnolia champaca"), geranium ("Pelargonium graveolens"), and vanilla ("Vanilla planifolia") to produce a more intense, plumeria-like aroma. In the Kannada dialect spoken in the Old Mysore region of Karnataka of southern India, the flower is called "Devaga Nagale". In the Western Ghats of Karnataka, the local people use cream-coloured plumeria in weddings. The groom and bride exchange plumeria garland at the wedding. It is alternatively called "devaganagalu" or "devakanagalu" (God's Plumeria). Red colored flowers are not


title: Plumeria content: used in weddings. Plumeria plants are found in most of the temples in these regions. In Sri Lankan tradition, plumeria is associated with worship. One of the heavenly damsels in the frescoes of the fifth-century rock fortress Sigiriya holds a 5-petalled flower in her right hand that is indistinguishable from plumeria. In Eastern Africa, frangipani are sometimes referred to in Swahili love poems. Some species of "plumeria" have been studied for their potential medicinal value. There are a few more new hybrids now ( Nui Delight, Nui's Diamond Rose, Nui's Dragon Heart, Nui's Light of Hope), named after Nui Leera


title: Plumeria content: from Thailand, who has planted over 100,000 plumeria seeds (2018). The genus "Plumeria" includes about a dozen accepted species, and one or two dozen open to review, with over a hundred regarded as synonyms. "Plumeria" species have a milky latex that, like many other Apocynaceae contains poisonous compounds that irritate the eyes and skin. The various species differently in their leaf shape and arrangement. The leaves of "Plumeria alba" are narrow and corrugated, whereas leaves of "Plumeria pudica" have an elongated shape and glossy, dark-green color. "Plumeria pudica" is one of the everblooming types with non-deciduous, evergreen leaves. Another species


title: Plumeria content: that retains leaves and flowers in winter is "Plumeria obtusa"; though its common name is "Singapore," it is originally from Colombia. Accepted species Plumeria Plumeria () is a genus of flowering plants in the dogbane family, Apocynaceae. Most species are deciduous shrubs or small trees. The species variously are indigenous to Mexico, Central America, Hawaii and the Caribbean, and as far south as Brazil, but are grown as cosmopolitan ornamentals in warm regions. Common names for plants in the genus vary widely according to region, variety, and whim, but Frangipani or variations on that theme are the most common. Plumeria


title: "Glitter (film)" content: the soundtrack and the film would be postponed three weeks, respectively from August 21 to September 11, and from August 31 to September 21. When asked regarding the motives behind the delay, Nancy Berry, vice chairman of Virgin Music Group Worldwide, addressed Carey's personal and physical condition: Mariah is looking forward to being able to participate in both her album and movie projects and we are hopeful that this new soundtrack release date will allow her to do so. She has been making great recovery progress, and continues to grow stronger every day. Virgin Music Worldwide continues to give its


title: "Athena Asamiya" content: part of the cast. In the 3D adventure game "", Athena has to find answers about strange things that happened in her school, and later in various parts of Japan related with her psychic powers. She was also added to the crossover series "SNK vs. Capcom", being playable in "" and "Capcom vs. SNK 2". Her character also appears in "SNK Gals' Fighters" as a playable character, with Athena wanting to win the Gals' tournament to recover her long hair, while in "SNK Heroines: Tag Team Frenzy" she is trapped in a new tournament. Athena appears also in the dating


title: "Johan Cruyff Arena" content: Johan Cruyff Arena The Johan Cruyff Arena ( ; officially stylised as "Johan Cruijff ArenA") is the main stadium of the Dutch capital city of Amsterdam. Built from 1993 to 1996 at a cost equivalent to €140 million, it is the largest stadium in the country. The stadium was previously known as the Amsterdam Arena (stylised as "Amsterdam ArenA") until the 2018–19 football season, when the stadium was officially renamed in honour of legendary Dutch footballer Johan Cruyff after he died in March 2016. The stadium is the home of the association football club AFC Ajax since 1996. In addition,


title: "Second Battle of Kharkov" content: battle. A captured diary of a dead German general alluded to the Germans knowing about Soviet plans in the region. Next day Paulus obtained three infantry divisions and a panzer division for the defense of Kharkov and the Soviet advance was slow, achieving little success except on the left flank. Bock had warned Paulus not to counter-attack without air support, although this was later reconsidered, when several Soviet tank brigades broke through VIII Corps (General Walter Heitz) in the Volchansk sector, only from Kharkov. In the first 72 hours the 6th Army lost 16 battalions conducting holding actions and local


title: "Castle Stalker" content: Castle Stalker Castle Stalker () is a four-storey tower house or keep picturesquely set on a tidal islet on Loch Laich, an inlet off Loch Linnhe. It is about north-east of Port Appin, Argyll, Scotland, and is visible from the A828 road about midway between Oban and Glen Coe. The islet is accessible (with difficulty) from the shore at low tide. The name "Stalker" comes from the Gaelic "Stalcaire", meaning "hunter" or "falconer". The island castle is one of the best-preserved medieval tower-houses to survive in western Scotland. It stands in the Lynn of Lorn National Scenic Area, one of


title: "Castle Stalker" content: forty such areas in Scotland. In recent times, the castle was brought to fame by the Monty Python team, appearing in their film "Monty Python and the Holy Grail". The original castle was a small fort, built around 1320 by Clan MacDougall who were then Lords of Lorn. Around 1388 the Stewarts took over the Lordship of Lorn, and it is believed that they built the castle in its present form around the 1440s. The Stewart's relative King James IV of Scotland visited the castle, and a drunken bet around 1620 resulted in the castle passing to Clan Campbell. After


title: "Castle Stalker" content: changing hands between these clans a couple of times, the Campbells finally abandoned the castle in about 1840, when it lost its roof. In 1908 the castle was bought by Charles Stewart of Achara, who carried out basic conservation work. In 1965 Lt. Col. D. R. Stewart Allward acquired the castle and over about ten years fully restored it. Castle Stalker remains in private ownership and is open to the public at selected times during the summer. For the 2011 census the island on which the castle stands was classified by the National Records of Scotland as an inhabited island


title: "Castle Stalker" content: that "had no usual residents at the time of either the 2001 or 2011 censuses." While most castle scenes in the movie "Monty Python and the Holy Grail" (1975) were filmed in and around Doune Castle, Castle Stalker appears in the final scene as "The Castle of Aaaaarrrrrrggghhh". First the castle is seen from a distance; next, a French castle guard (John Cleese) taunts King Arthur (Graham Chapman) in a French accent from its battlements; finally, a massive attack is launched against the castle, after which police officers who were investigating the death of a historian earlier in the film


title: "Castle Stalker" content: arrive and are in the process of arresting Arthur and the other knights for killing him when one officer places his hand over the camera's lens cap and ends the film's visuals. The castle also makes a brief appearance in the film "". Castle Stalker is the inspiration for "Castle Keep" in the children's book, "The Boggart". Castle Stalker Castle Stalker () is a four-storey tower house or keep picturesquely set on a tidal islet on Loch Laich, an inlet off Loch Linnhe. It is about north-east of Port Appin, Argyll, Scotland, and is visible from the A828 road about


title: "Baker McKenzie" content: Times Innovative Lawyers rankings in the Americas, Asia Pacific and EMEA in 2016. In June 2018, Baker McKenzie took home a record nine awards at Euromoney's European Women in Business law awards, including overall Best International Firm for Women in Business Law for the second year running. Baker McKenzie's Sydney based, head of global environmental markets and climate change practice, Martijn Wilder AM, was recently announced overall winner for the Financial Times Asia Pacific Innovative Lawyers Awards 2018 in an awards ceremony in Hong Kong. Baker McKenzie London partner Samantha Mobley was nominated as an EMpower Advocate, as part of


title: "Crofton Pumping Station" content: that period, and can be viewed in operation. Position: Nearby towns and cities: Hungerford, Marlborough, Newbury, Swindon Nearby villages: Great Bedwyn, Wilton, East Grafton, Burbage, Pewsey Nearby places of interest: Wilton Windmill, Wolfhall, Crofton Locks, Bruce Tunnel Crofton Pumping Station Crofton Pumping Station near the village of Great Bedwyn in Wiltshire, England supplies the summit pound of the Kennet and Avon Canal with water. The steam-powered pumping station is preserved and operates on selected weekends. It contains an operational Boulton & Watt steam engine dating from 1812 that is the oldest working beam engine in the world in its original


title: "Israel Schorr" content: Israel Schorr Israel Schorr (1886 - April 9, 1935) was a prominent cantor during the "Golden Age of Hazzanut". Born in the Polish region of Galicia then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire to a Hasidic family, Schorr began his career as a boy, singing soprano in the courts of various hassidic masters, notably the "Rebbe" (Grand Rabbi) of Rymanow. Schorr was born in Rymanów. After serving in the Austro-Hungarian army during World War I, he took various cantorial posts in central and eastern Europe, including Brno in Czechoslovakia, Kraków in Poland and a brief stint in Zürich, Switzerland. With help


title: "Six Flags Magic Mountain" content: Decibels), for one summer stayed open later than the rest of the park. It, along with Back Street, would stay open an additional two hours as a place for locals to hang out. This format lasted one season. In 1988 Ninja, "The Black Belt of Roller Coasters", opened. Built by Arrow Dynamics, it was the first suspended swing roller coaster on the West coast. Ninja has gone through very few changes since it was opened in 1988; evidently only the wheels and paint have been changed. Tidal Wave opened in 1989. It is a short, wet ride featuring a large


title: "Robert Wilson (director)" content: if you put the numbers in the right place". He goes on to explain the importance of this: I know it's hell to separate text and movement and maintain two different rhythms. It takes time to train yourself to keep tongue and body working against each other. But things happen with the body that have nothing to do with what we say. It's more interesting if the mind and the body are in two different places, occupying different zones of reality. These rhythms keep the mind on its toes, consciously and subconsciously taking in the meanings behind the movement and


title: Kreuzlingen content: and 69 years old, 1,393 people or 7.4% are between 70 and 79, there are 712 people or 3.8% who are between 80 and 89, and there are 115 people or 0.6% who are 90 and older. , there were 7,643 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.1 persons per household. there were 1,233 single family homes (or 58.4% of the total) out of a total of 2,111 inhabited buildings. There were 196 two family buildings (9.3%), 148 three family buildings (7.0%) and 534 multi-family buildings (or 25.3%). There were 4,031 (or 23.5%) persons who were part


title: "George Lyttelton, 1st Baron Lyttelton" content: diverges at the end into a long description of his exemplary death and the plain inscription he asked to have added to his first wife’s monument in St John the Baptist Church, Hagley. Lyttelton was Member of Parliament (MP) for Okehampton from 1735 to 1756 and, as one of Cobham's Cubs during the 1730s, opposed the Prime Minister Robert Walpole. He served as secretary to Frederick, Prince of Wales from 1737, and then, after Walpole's fall, as a Commissioner of the Treasury in 1744. That year too he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society. Lyttelton was made a


title: Wasei-eigo content: Wasei-eigo "Wasei-eigo" words, compound words and portmanteaus are constructed by Japanese speakers on the basis of loanwords derived from English and embedded into the Japanese lexicon with refashioned, novel meanings diverging significantly from the originals. An example of "wasei-eigo" is , which means "rise a level" (the preposition being interpreted in line with Japanese word order as a verb qualifying its preceding object). Some "wasei-eigo" terms are not recognizable as English words in English-speaking countries, such as , which refers to physical contact between close friends or loved ones and appears to have been coined from "skin" and "kinship". In


title: "Kodiak bear" content: and dispatching problem bears until 1970. In 1971, the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (ANCSA) resolved many long-standing land issues with aboriginal Alaskans statewide. The impacts were felt strongly on the archipelago as large areas were conveyed to the Native corporations. Federal management of the National Forest lands on Afognak was transferred to Native Corporation ownership with passage of the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act in 1980 (ANILCA), and the Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge lost control of of prime bear habitat (more than 17% of refuge lands). In 1975, construction of a logging road began on Afognak Island, and


title: "Leptoglossus phyllopus" content: Leptoglossus phyllopus Leptoglossus phyllopus or Eastern leaf-footed bug is a species of leaf-footed bugs in the same genus as the western conifer seed bug ("L. occidentalis") found throughout the southern United States from Florida to California, through Mexico and as far south as Costa Rica. These bugs are a common garden insect which may damage a wide variety of crops including cotton, peaches and tomatoes, and seeds such as beans, black-eyed peas and sorghum. Like other bugs L. phyllopus suck juices from plants by puncturing them with their sucking mouth parts, making them resistant to ingested pesticides. A toxin is


title: "Leptoglossus phyllopus" content: injected into the plant when piercing its skin, causing discoloration and hard spots on fruits. The adult bugs are highly resistant to pesticides; however, they are vulnerable in their bright orange nymph stage. Trap crops can be used to lure them away from desired plants and to encourage predator populations, and in small garden plots handpicking, the use of trap crops, and bug traps baited with methyl (E, Z)-2,4-decadienoate can be effective controls. Acetosyringone is produced by the male leaffooted bug and used in its communication system. Leptoglossus phyllopus emit a foul odor when handled Leptoglossus phyllopus Leptoglossus phyllopus or


title: "Yasuhiro Nightow" content: However, "Shōnen Captain" was canceled early in 1997, and when Nightow was approached by the magazine "Young King Ours", published by Shōnen Gahōsha, they were interested in him beginning a new work. Nightow though, was troubled by the idea of leaving Trigun incomplete, and requested to be allowed to finish the series. The publishers were sympathetic, and the manga resumed in 1998 as . The story jumps forward two years with the start of "Maximum". Despite this, Nightow has stated that the new title was purely down to the change of publishers. "Trigun Maximum" ran until 2007 and generated 14


title: "Lucy's warbler" content: Lucy's warbler Lucy's warbler ("Oreothlypis luciae") is a small New World warbler found in North America. This species ranges includes southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. It is one of only two warblers to nest in cavities. Lucy's warbler is the smallest species of New World warbler. It measures from in length and can weigh from , thus being slightly smaller even than the warblers formerly placed in the genus "Parula". Among standard measurements, the wing chord is , the tail is , the bill is and the tarsus is . It is rather nondescript compared to other wood-warblers, being


title: "Rob Mariano" content: becoming by far his closest and most trusted ally, with Mariano showing great care and social awareness in his handling of him. Ashley Underwood, Andrea Boehlke, and Matthew Elrod also were firmly on Mariano's side through their entire time in the game, right up until Mariano orchestrated their vote-offs (two different times for Boehlke and Elrod). Ultimately, his six-person alliance from his original tribe remained loyal to one another and they became the final six players remaining on the main island (although others remained on Redemption Island throughout the game until Day 36). Mariano managed to remain in the game


title: "John Sexton" content: Danger and Love."" " He met Lisa E. Goldberg, who became his wife in 1976, while they were both students at Harvard Law School. Ms. Goldberg, who became president of the Charles H. Revson Foundation, died suddenly of a brain aneurysm on January 21, 2007 at age 54. He eulogized her at a memorial service in February 2007. Sexton's older child, Jed, is a Harvard graduate and aspiring actor. He is married to Danielle DeCrette, a former administrative employee at NYU Law. They have three daughters: Julia, Ava, and Natalie. Sexton's younger child is Katherine Lodgen Sexton, a graduate of


title: "Madras Crocodile Bank Trust" content: feature all crocs from the region as well as snakes such as anacondas and boa constrictors and fish like piranhas. Madras Crocodile Bank Trust The Madras Crocodile Bank Trust and Centre for Herpetology (MCBT) is a reptile zoo and herpetology research station, located south of the city of Chennai, in state of Tamil Nadu, India. The centre is both a registered trust and a recognized zoo under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and is India's leading institution for herpeto faunal conservation, research and education. The bank is the first crocodile breeding centre in Asia and comes under the purview of


title: "FV103 Spartan" content: vehicle for the FV102 Striker, carrying extra Swingfire missiles. The FV103 has combat weight of . It can achieve a maximum speed of and has a range of . It is capable of negotiating up to 60% gradients. An anti-tank variant of the FV103 was produced; this was named the FV120 Spartan MCT (Spartan with MILAN Compact Turret). The FV120 has a two-man turret, and is equipped with two MILAN Anti-Tank Light Infantry Missiles in launch positions, while 11 more can be carried internally. A 'stretched Spartan' design was considered as a future replacement for the FV430, adapted by adding


title: "Edmund Lyons, 1st Baron Lyons" content: his rapport with King Otto of Greece, Lyons left the navy in January 1835, received another knighthood, in the Royal Guelphic Order, and was appointed by Lord Palmerston as a diplomat as the British plenipotentiary at Athens, as which he remained for almost fifteen years. On 29 July 1840 he was created baronet, and in July 1844 he was made a Knight Grand Cross in the Civil Division of the Order of the Bath. In 1849 he was appointed Minister Plenipotentiary to the Confederated States of the Swiss Cantons and, although he was not in present service with the navy,


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: Shrine of Remembrance The Shrine of Remembrance (commonly known among locals as The Shrine) is a war memorial in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, located in Kings Domain on St Kilda Road. It was built to honour the men and women of Victoria who served in World War I, but is now a memorial to all Australians who have served in war. It is a site of annual observances of ANZAC Day (25 April) and Remembrance Day (11 November) and is one of the largest war memorials in Australia. Designed by architects Phillip Hudson and James Wardrop who were both World War


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: I veterans, the Shrine is in a classical style, being based on the Tomb of Mausolus at Halicarnassus and the Parthenon in Athens. The crowning element at the top of the memorial's ziggurat roof references the Choragic Monument of Lysicrates. Built from Tynong granite, the Shrine originally consisted only of the central sanctuary surrounded by the ambulatory. The sanctuary contains the marble Stone of Remembrance, upon which is engraved the words "Greater love hath no man". Once a year, on 11 November at 11 a.m. (Remembrance Day), a ray of sunlight shines through an aperture in the roof to light


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: up the word "Love" in the inscription. Beneath the sanctuary lies the crypt, which contains a bronze statue of a soldier father and son, and panels listing every unit of the Australian Imperial Force. The Shrine went through a prolonged process of development which began in 1918 with the initial proposal to build a Victorian memorial. Two committees were formed, the second of which ran a competition for the memorial's design. The winner was announced in 1922. However, opposition to the proposal (led by Keith Murdoch and "The Herald") forced the governments of the day to rethink the design, and


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: a number of alternatives were proposed, the most significant of which was the ANZAC Square and cenotaph proposal of 1926. In response, General Sir John Monash used the 1927 ANZAC Day march to garner support for the Shrine, and finally won the support of the Victorian government later that year. The foundation stone was laid on 11 November 1927, and the Shrine was officially dedicated on 11 November 1934. A war memorial in Melbourne was proposed as soon as the war ended in November 1918. In the early 1920s the Victorian state government appointed the War Memorials Advisory Committee, chaired


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: by Sir Baldwin Spencer, which recommended an "arch of victory" over St Kilda Road, the major boulevard leading out of the city of Melbourne to the south. In August 1921 an executive committee was formed, with the former commander of the Australian forces in the war, General Sir John Monash, as its driving force. The committee soon abandoned the idea of an arch and proposed a large monumental memorial to the east of St Kilda Road, a position which would make it clearly visible from the centre of the city. A competition was launched in March 1922 to find a


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: design for the new memorial, open both to British subjects residing in Australia and any Australian citizens who were residing overseas. A total of 83 entries were submitted, and in December 1923 the design offered by two Melbourne architects (and war veterans), Phillip Hudson and James Wardrop, was announced as the winner. The winning design had a number of supporters, including publications such as "The Age" and George Taylor's Sydney-based trade journal, "Building", prominent citizens including artist Norman Lindsay and University of Sydney Dean of Architecture, Leslie Wilkinson, and the Royal Australian Institute of Architects (who had been heavily involved


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: in the competition). Nevertheless, the design was also fiercely criticised in some quarters—especially by Keith Murdoch's "Herald", Murdoch reportedly describing the Shrine as "too severe, stiff and heavy, that there is no grace or beauty about it and that it is a tomb of gloom"—on the grounds of its grandiosity, its severity of design and its expense. As part of the campaign against the Shrine proposal, the "Herald" searched for alternative concepts, arguing that the funds could be better spent on more practical projects such as a hospital or a war widows' home. Furthermore, some Christian churches also attacked the


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: design as pagan for having no cross or other Christian element. The new Victorian Labor government of 1924, under George Prendergast, supported the "Herald's" view, and pushed for a memorial hospital instead of the Shrine. When the Labor government was replaced with John Allan's Country/National coalition, the plan changed once again, leaning towards the earlier suggestion of an arch of victory to be built over St. Kilda Road. As a result of the debate, significant delays postponed the construction of the new memorial, so a temporary wood-and-plaster cenotaph was raised for the 1926 ANZAC Day march. The success of the


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: temporary cenotaph led the Victorian government to abandon the earlier project in 1926, and propose instead to build a permanent cenotaph in a large "ANZAC Square" at the top of Bourke St in front of Parliament House. While this would have involved demolishing the Windsor Hotel, one of Melbourne's favourite hotels, the new plan won the support of the "Herald", the Returned Soldiers League (RSL) and the Melbourne City Council. Nevertheless, both Monash and Legacy still supported the Shrine. After a vote in favour of the Shrine by their executive council, Legacy started a public relations campaign, gaining the support


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: of much of the media—although the council, state government and the "Herald" continued to oppose. In 1927, with the then Duke of York, Prince Albert, visiting the country, Monash spoke on the eve of ANZAC Day at the RSL dinner, arguing for the Shrine. The audience had been seeded with supporters, who provided a standing ovation at the conclusion of his speech, which helped to produce a groundswell of support. When a vote was called for, the majority voted in favour of the Shrine proposal. The next day, with Monash leading 30,000 veterans in the 1927 ANZAC Day march, and


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: with the new support of the RSL, "The Age", and the "Argus", the Shrine proposal had gained "new momentum". Faced with such support, and with Monash's arguments that the ANZAC Square would be prohibitively expensive, Edmond Hogan's new Labor government decided in favour of the Shrine. Another early point of contention (although not explicitly related to the nature of the memorial) concerned the possibility of incorporating a "Tomb of the Unknown Soldier" into the memorial—an approach that was championed by the St. Kilda RSL, who revealed plans to bury a soldier from either Gallipoli or France on ANZAC Day, 25


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: April 1922. This proposal received considerable debate, and was countered by the argument that the Unknown Warrior in Westminster Abbey represented all of the dead of the British Empire. Monash was on the side of those against such a burial, as while he could see a place for an Unknown Soldier in a national memorial, he did not feel that it would be suitable at the Victorian Shrine. The Stone of Remembrance was later placed in the position where an Unknown Soldier might have been laid. An Australian Unknown Soldier was eventually interred at the Australian War Memorial by Prime


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: Minister Paul Keating on 11 November 1993. The foundation stone was laid on 11 November 1927, by the Governor of Victoria, Lord Somers. Although both the Victorian and Commonwealth governments made contributions, most of the cost of the Shrine (£160,000 out of a total of £250,000; equating to about £ out of £ in 2019) was raised in less than six months by public contributions, with Monash as chief fundraiser. Monash, who was also an engineer, took personal charge of the construction, which began in 1928 and was handled by the contractors Vaughan & Lodge. Monash died in 1931, before


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: the Shrine was finished, but the Shrine was the cause "closest to his heart" in his later years. Work was finally completed in September 1934, and the Shrine was formally dedicated on 11 November 1934 by the Duke of Gloucester, witnessed by a crowd of over 300,000 people—a "massive turnout" given that Melbourne's population at the time was approximately 1 million, and, according to Carl Bridge, the "largest crowd ever to assemble in Australia to that date". After World War II it was felt necessary to add to the Shrine an element commemorating the Australian war dead of the second


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: great conflict. Once again a competition was run, with A. S. Fall and E. E. Milston as the joint winners. Milston's design was eventually chosen as the one to go ahead, and the result was the World War II Forecourt, a wide expanse of stone in front of the Shrine's north face; the Eternal Flame, a permanent gas flame set just to the west of the north face; and the World War II Memorial, a 12.5-metre-high (41 ft) cenotaph a little further west. The Forecourt replaced a reflecting pool that had previously stood in front of the Shrine. These enlargements


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: were dedicated by Queen Elizabeth II on 28 February 1954. Australia's involvements in later wars, such as the Korean War, the Borneo campaign (1945), the Malayan Emergency, the Indonesian Confrontation in North Borneo and Sarawak, the Vietnam War and the Gulf War, are commemorated by inscriptions. In 1951 the body of Field Marshal Sir Thomas Blamey, Australia's military commander during World War II, was held at the Shrine for three days for public viewing followed by a State funeral on site. 20,000 people visited the Shrine as he lay in state. During the Vietnam War the Shrine became a centre


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: of conflict when anti-war demonstrators protested during ANZAC Day services against Australia's involvement in the war. In 1971 the Shrine was defaced when the word was painted in large white letters on the pillars of the north portico. In 1985 the Remembrance Garden was added beneath the western face of the Shrine to honour those who served during post-World War II conflicts. Restoration work on the terraces surrounding the Shrine during the 1990s raised once again the possibility of taking advantage of the space under the Shrine: as the Shrine had been built on a hollow artificial hill, the undercroft


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: (although at the time filled with rubble from the construction) provided a large space for development. At a planned cost of $5.5 million, the new development was intended to provide a visitor's centre, administration facilities and an improved access to the Shrine's crypt, as many of the remaining veterans and their families found the stairs at the traditional ceremonial entrance difficult to climb. In redeveloping the site, special consideration was given to the positioning of the new entrance. The original plan was to use a tunnel from the east, but this was discarded as it had "no sense of ceremony".


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: Instead it was decided to develop two new courtyards, and place the new gallery under the northern steps. Construction commenced in 2002, with the design by Melbourne architects Ashton Raggatt McDougall, and the new areas were opened in August 2003. The completed project was awarded the Victorian Architecture Medal by the Royal Australian Institute of Architects in 2004. After this construction was complete, there were still more calls to further develop the site, and especially to provide facilities for education about the wars. A $62 million proposal was presented in 2006, incorporating a museum and an underground carpark. Designed once


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: again by Ashton Raggatt McDougall, the proposal was opposed by local residents and some council members, and ran into significant funding problems when the Federal Government decided not to provide funding. In 2012 the Victorian Government announced that $22.5 million would be allocated to redevelop the Shrine’s undercroft and extend it to the south. The new exhibition space, known as the "Galleries of Remembrance", was opened on Remembrance Day in 2014. A lifeboat from the ship SS "Devanha", deployed during the landing at Anzac Cove at the start of the Gallipoli Campaign in 1915, is a centrepiece of the new


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: development. Materials for building the Shrine were sourced from within Australia: the chosen building stone was granodiorite quarried from Tynong; the internal walls use sandstone from Redesdale; and the black marble columns used stone from Buchan. This raised some concerns when redeveloping the Shrine, as the Tynong quarry was no longer in use, and it proved to be prohibitively expensive to reopen the site. Fortunately another quarry in the area was available and was able to provide the necessary stone. The design of the Shrine is based on the ancient Mausoleum of Maussollos at Halicarnassus, one of the Seven Wonders


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: of the World, and the Parthenon in Athens. It is a structure of square plan roofed by a stepped pyramid and entered on the north and south through classical porticos, each of eight fluted Doric columns supporting a pediment containing sculpture in high relief. The porticos are approached by wide flights of steps which rise in stages to the podium on which the Shrine sits. The east and west facing fronts are marked at the corners by four groups of statuary by Paul Raphael Montford, representing Peace, Justice, Patriotism and Sacrifice. The Art Deco style and motifs draw on Greek


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: and Assyrian sculpture. The symbolism is Neo-Classical. Around the outer stone balustrade that marks the Shrine's external boundary are the 16 stone "battle honours" discs. These represent the battle honours granted by King George V and commemorate Australia's contributions to the following battles: Landing at Anzac (Gallipoli), Sari Bair, Rumani, Gaza-Beersheba, the North Sea, the Cocos Islands, Megiddo, Damascus, Villers-Bretonneux, Amiens, Mont St Quentin, the Hindenburg Line, Ypres, Messines, Pozieres and Bullecourt. Inside the Shrine is the Sanctuary, a high vaulted space entered by four tall portals of Classical design. A simple entablature is carried on sixteen tall fluted Ionic


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: columns and supports a frieze with twelve relief panels sculptured by Lyndon Dadswell, depicting the armed services at work and in action during World War I. At the centre of the Sanctuary is the Stone of Remembrance. This is a marble stone sunk below the pavement, so that visitors must bow their heads to read the inscription on it: The inscription is part of a verse from the Bible (John 15:13) "Greater love hath no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends." The Stone is aligned with an aperture in the roof of the


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: Sanctuary so that a ray of sunlight falls on the word on the Stone of Remembrance at exactly 11 a.m. on 11 November, marking the hour and day of the Armistice which ended World War I. Since the introduction of daylight saving in Victoria, the ray of sunlight is no longer in the right place at 11 a.m. A mirror has been installed to direct sunlight onto the Stone at 11 a.m. During the rest of the year, a light is used to simulate the effect. Monash, with the advice of Professor T. G. Tucker and the assistance of Bernard


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: O'Dowd and Felix Meyer, reworded Phillip Hudson's inscription which appears on the western wall of the Shrine: This inscription again aroused criticism, according to Taylor, "for having no Christian, (or, indeed, religious), element", but was considered to fit the Australian tradition of "stoic patriotism". The inscription on the eastern wall, not written by Monash, reads: The Sanctuary is surrounded by an ambulatory, or passage, along which are forty-two bronze caskets containing hand-written, illuminated Books of Remembrance with the names of every Victorian who enlisted for active service with the Australian Imperial Force (AIF) or Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: in World War I or died in camp prior to embarkation. Beneath the Sanctuary is the Crypt containing a bronze statue of a father and son, representing the two generations who served in the two world wars. Around the walls are panels listing every unit of the AIF, down to battalion and regiment, along with the colours of their shoulder patch. The Crypt is hung with the standards of various battalions and regiments, listing their battle honours. Visitors approach the shrine through the Entrance Courtyard, with "Lest We Forget" inscribed on one wall and a quote from former Governor-General Sir


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: William Deane on the other. The Garden Courtyard, on the same alignment, features the Legacy Olive Tree and a seating area. Both courtyards are finished in Tynong Granite. The gallery of Medals has a 40-metre-long (130 ft) wall displaying around 4,000 medals, each symbolically representing 100 Victorians who have served in war and peacekeeping operations, and six who have died. A feature of the gallery is the Victoria Cross awarded to Captain Robert Grieve during the Battle of Messines in 1917. The Cross was lent to the Shrine by Wesley College, Melbourne. The cenotaph is a tall pillar constructed of


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: Harcourt granite. Inscribed on its surface are the names of the defence forces, together with the theatres of war they served in. Atop the cenotaph is a basalt sculpture of six servicemen carrying a bier with a corpse, draped by the Australian flag. The sculpture symbolises "the debt of the living to the dead". The Eternal Flame is placed nearby, representing eternal life. The flame has burned continuously with few interruptions since it was first lit. At the other side of the forecourt are three flagpoles. The usual arrangement comprises the Australian flag on the left, the Victorian flag in


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: the middle and one of the flags of the three defence forces on the right. Other flags may be flown on special occasions, arranged according to strict protocols. The Remembrance Garden features a pool, waterfall and Harcourt granite wall bearing the names of the conflicts and peacekeeping operations in which Australia participated following World War II, such as Kuwait (Gulf War) and East Timor. Although the original architects had proposed including four statues of war leaders, Monash rejected this plan. Instead there were to be no statues representing individual members of the Australian Defence Force at the shrine itself, although


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: a number of statues were to be added in the surrounding parklands. The first of these was "The Man With The Donkey", representing John Simpson Kirkpatrick, although he was not named on the statue. Officially the work is said to represent the "valour and compassion of the Australian soldier". The statue, by Wallace Anderson, was installed in 1936 on the initiative of women who had funded a "Mother's Tribute". A statue of Monash was also commissioned and was designed by Leslie Bowles. Casting was due to begin in 1938, but the onset of World War II delayed work, and thus


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: it was not installed until 1950, and, as with Simpson and his donkey, was located away from the shrine. The Shrine is set in a large expanse of parkland officially called Kings Domain. Over the years many other war memorials have been built in this area, including the Australian-Hellenic Memorial to Australian and Greek dead in the Battles of Greece and Crete in 1941, and statues of Monash and Blamey. Most of the trees which line the approaches to the Shrine bear plaques commemorating individual Army units, naval vessels or Air Force squadrons, placed there by veterans' groups. An older


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: memorial to Victorians killed in the Second Boer War of 1899–1902 is also located nearby on the corner of St Kilda and Domain Roads. The Driver and Wipers Memorial, also in the Shrine reserve, commemorates the thousands of Australian lives lost during the fighting at Ypres; "Wipers" is the way servicemen pronounced "Ypres" during World War I. The bronze soldiers are the work of the British sculptor Charles Sargeant Jagger and originally stood outside the Museum and State Library of Victoria in Melbourne. They were transferred to the Shrine in 1998. The Driver is a soldier holding a horse whip


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: and bridles, wearing breeches, a protective legging, spurs, and a steel helmet. The figure is a recasting of one of the figures from the Royal Artillery Memorial in Hyde Park, London, UK. The other bronze, the "Wipers" figure, is a British infantry soldier standing guard with standard issue .303 rifle, bayonet fixed, a German helmet at his feet. This too is a recasting, taken from the Hoylake and West Kirby War Memorial in Merseyside, UK. On 19 July 2008, being the 92nd anniversary of the Battle of Fromelles, a replica of the 1998 sculpture by Peter Corlett in the Australian


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: Memorial Park, Fromelles was unveiled. This depicts Sergeant Simon Fraser, 57th Battalion, (a farmer from Byaduk, Victoria), rescuing a wounded compatriot from "no man's land" after the battle. Near to the Shrine entrance is the Legacy Garden of Appreciation, which was established in 1978. This cross-shaped garden is outlined by hedges. Red Flanders Poppies, planted from seed originating from Villers-Bretonneux in France, flower in late spring. A sculpture by Louis Laumen, "Widow and Children", was commissioned to mark the 75th anniversary of Legacy Australia in 1998. The Women's Garden, to the north of the shrine, incorporates concrete memorial violets within


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: a grove of jacarandas. The focus of the garden is The Ex-Servicewomen’s Memorial Cairn (1985) which was relocated from the King's Domain in 2010. A Lone Pine ("Pinus brutia") was planted in 1933 near the north-east corner of the Shrine by Lieutenant-General Sir Stanley Savige, founder of Melbourne Legacy at a formal ceremony. It was one of four seedlings planted in Victoria from seeds of a cone brought back from Gallipoli by Sgt. Keith McDowell. The tree was removed in August 2012 having succumbed to disease caused by the fungus "Diplodia pinea". A "grandchild tree" was planted nearby in 2006.


title: "Shrine of Remembrance" content: Since its dedication in 1934, the Shrine has been the centre of war commemoration in Melbourne. Although Remembrance Day (11 November) is the official day for commemorating the war dead, it has gradually been eclipsed in the public estimation by ANZAC Day (25 April), which unlike Remembrance Day is a specifically Australian (and New Zealand) day of commemoration and a public holiday in both nations. ANZAC Day at the Shrine is observed through a number of ceremonies. The first of these is the Dawn Service, an event that attracted a record crowd of more than 35,000 in 2007. This is