title: "Palace of Mafra" content: façade. The building also includes a major library, with about 30,000 rare books. The basilica is decorated with several Italian statues and includes six historical pipe organs and two carillons, composed of 98 bells. The exact site was chosen in 1713 and purchased in 1716. Construction began by the laying of the first stone on November 17, 1717 with a grand ceremony in the presence of the king, his entire court and the Cardinal Patriarch of Lisbon. Initially it was a relatively small project for a friary of 13 Capuchin friars, who were to observe strict poverty. However, when the


title: "Palace of Mafra" content: flow of gold from the Portuguese colony of Brazil started to arrive in Lisbon in abundance, the king changed his plans and announced the construction of a sumptuous palace along with a much enlarged friary. This immense wealth allowed to king to be a generous patron of arts. He appointed a German goldsmith Johann Friedrich Ludwig (called by the Portuguese : João Frederico Ludovice) as his architect. Ludwig had studied architecture in Rome and knew contemporary Italian art. The extent of Ludwig's responsibility is unclear, as several other architects were involved in this project: the Milanese builder Carlos Baptista Garbo,


title: "Palace of Mafra" content: Custódio Vieira, Manuel da Maia and even his own son António. However the application of the same architectural style over the whole building suggests the work of Ludwig as the head-architect in charge of the Royal Office of Works ("Real Obra"). Construction lasted 13 years and mobilized a vast army of workers from the entire country (a daily average of 15,000 but at the end climbing to 30,000 and a maximum of 45,000), under the command of António Ludovice, the son of the architect. In addition 7,000 soldiers were assigned to preserve order at the construction site. They used 400


title: "Palace of Mafra" content: kg of gunpowder to blast through the bedrock for the laying of foundations. There was even a hospital for the sick or wounded workers. A total of 1,383 workers died during the construction. The facade is 220 meters long. The whole complex covers 37,790 m² with about 1,200 rooms, more than 4,700 doors and windows, and 156 stairways. When complete the building consisted of a friary capable of sheltering 330 friars, along with a royal palace and a huge library of 30,000 books, embellished with marble, exotic woods and countless artworks taken from France, Flanders and Italy, which included six


title: "Palace of Mafra" content: monumental pipe organs and the two carillons. The basilica and the convent were inaugurated on the day of the King's 41st birthday on October 22, 1730. The festivities lasted for 8 days and were of a scale never seen before in Portugal. The basilica was dedicated to Our Lady and to St. Anthony. However the building was not finished. The lantern on the cupola was completed in 1735. Work continued till 1755, when the work force was needed in Lisbon by the devastations of the Lisbon earthquake. The palace was not occupied permanently by the royalty, who considered the rooms


title: "Palace of Mafra" content: too gloomy. Nonetheless, it was a popular destination for the members of the royal family who enjoyed hunting in the nearby game preserve, the "Tapada Nacional de Mafra". During the reign of King John VI the palace was inhabited for a whole year in 1807. The king was responsible for a partial renovation of the building by some well-known artists. However, with the French invasion of Portugal, in 1807, the royal family fled to Brazil, taking with them some of the best pieces of art and furniture in the building. Marshal Junot took up residence in the palace, to be


title: "Palace of Mafra" content: driven out in turn by Wellington. In 1834, after the Liberal Wars, Queen Maria II ordered the dissolution of the religious orders and the convent was abandoned by the Franciscans. During the last reigns of the House of Braganza, the palace was mainly used as a base for hunting. In 1849 the monastery part of the building was assigned to the military, a situation still in use today. The last king of Portugal, Manuel II, following the proclamation of the republic, left on 5 October 1910 from the palace to the nearby coastal village of Ericeira on his way to


title: "Palace of Mafra" content: exile. The palace was declared a national monument in 1907. At present, the building is conserved by the Portuguese Institute of the Architectonic Patrimony, which carried out several recovery programs, including the conservation of the main façade. A major restoration of the historical pipe organs began in 1998 with the collaboration of foreign experts and was finished in 2010. The restoration won the Europa Nostra 2012 award. The imposing façade, built of local limestone, is 220 m long and faces the town of Mafra. At each end of the façade stands a square tower with a bulbous dome, such as


title: "Palace of Mafra" content: found in Central Europe. The church, built in white marble, is located in the centre of the main façade, symmetrically flanked on both sides by the royal palace. The king, wishing to rival the splendour of Rome, had sought architectural advice from his ambassador to the Vatican, who sent him small-scale models of important Roman religious buildings. The benedictial balcony at its centre is clearly mirrored on the balcony of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. But this balcony is rather intended for the king, as a symbol of his power, than for the benedictions by a prelate. The two church


title: "Palace of Mafra" content: towers (68 m high) are inspired by the towers of Sant'Agnese in Agone (by the Roman Baroque architect Francesco Borromini). Their two carillons contain a total of 92 church bells, founded in Antwerp. The story goes that the Flemish bell-founders were so astonished by the size of their commission, that they asked to be paid in advance. The king retorted by doubling the offered amount. These carillons constitute the largest historical collection in the world. The two towers are connected by two rows of Corinthian columns. The top row contains the statues of St. Dominic and St. Francis, sculpted from


title: "Palace of Mafra" content: of Carrara marble, standing in a niche on each side of the balcony. The lower row contains the statues of St. Clara and St. Elisabeth of Hungary. The church is built in the form of a Latin cross with a length of 63 m. It is rather narrow (16.5 m), an impression accentuated by the height of its nave (21.5 m). The vestibule (Galilee porch) contains a group of large sculptures in Carrara marble, representing the patron saints of several monastic orders. The interior makes abundantly use of local rose-coloured marble, intermingled with white marble in different patterns. The multi-coloured


title: "Palace of Mafra" content: designs of the floor are repeated on the ceiling. The barrel vault rests on fluted Corinthian semicolumns standing between the side chapels. The chapels in the transept contain altarpieces in jasper made by sculptors from the School of Mafra. The side aisles display 58 marble statues commissioned from the best Roman sculptors of their time. The All Saint's chapel in the transept is screened from the crossing by iron railings with bronze ornaments, made in Antwerp. The choir has a magnificent giant candleholder with seven lamps sprouting from the mouth of seven rolled-up snakes. Above the main altar, inserting into


title: "Palace of Mafra" content: the ceiling, is a gigantic jasper crucifix of 4.2 m, flanked by two kneeling angels, made by the School of Mafra. The cupola over the crossing was also inspired by the cupola of Sant'Agnese in Agone (by the Roman Baroque architect Francesco Borromini). This 70 m-high cupola with a small lantern atop, is carried by four finely sculpted arcs in rose and white marble. There are six organs, four of which are located in the transept, constituting a rather uncommon ensemble. There were built by Joaquim Peres Fontanes and António Xavier Machado Cerveira between 1792 and 1807 (when the French


title: "Palace of Mafra" content: troops occupied Mafra). They were made out of partially gilded Brazilian wood. The largest pipe is 6 m high and has a diameter of 0.28 m. King John V had commissioned liturgical vestments from master embroiderers from Genoa and Milan, such as Giuliano Saturni and Benedetto Salandri, and from France. They attest of superb quality and workmanship by their embroidering in gold technique and the use of silk thread in the same colour. The religious paintings in the basilica and the convent constitute one of the most significant 18th century collections in Portugal. They include works by the Italians Agostino


title: "Palace of Mafra" content: Masucci, Corrado Giaquinto, Francesco Trevisani, Pompeo Batoni and some Portuguese students in Rome such as Vieira Lusitano and Inácio de Oliveira Bernardes. The sculpture collection contains works by almost every major Roman sculptor from the first half of the 18th century. At that time, it represented the biggest single order done by a foreign power in Rome and still is amongst one of the biggest collections in existence. The rectangle behind the church and the palace houses the monastery of the Franciscan monks of Arrábida Order ("Ordem de São Francisco da Província da Arrábida") with cells for about 300 friars


title: "Palace of Mafra" content: in long corridors on several floors. Between 1771 and 1791 this monastery was occupied by the Hermit Friars of St. Augustine. The spacious royal apartments are situated on the second floor. The apartments of the king are situated at the end of the palace while the apartment of the queen is 200 m away at the other end. Such was this distance that, when the king left his apartment towards the apartment of the queen, this was announced to the queen by the sound of a trumpet. As king John VI had taken with him some of the best pieces


title: "Palace of Mafra" content: of art and furniture in the building when the royal family fled in 1808 for the advancing French troops to Brazil, most rooms had to be redecorated in the original style. The Hunting trophy room ("Sala dos Troféus") is decorated with numerous skulls of deer, the furniture is constructed of antlers and covered with deerskin and even the candleholders are made of deer antlers. The Benediction Gallery ("Sala da Benção") borders at the upper level of the basilica. The royal family could here attend Mass, seated at a window opening unto the basilica. The bust of John V in this


title: "Palace of Mafra" content: hall is a work of the Italian Alessandro Giusti. The Throne Room, the Guard Room and the Room of Goddess Diana are decorated with murals by artist such as Ciryllo Wolkmar Machado, Bernardo Oliveira Góis and Vieira Lusitano. The Rococo library, situated at the back of the second floor, is truly the highlight of this palace, rivalling the grandeur of the library of the Melk Abbey in Austria. Built by Manuel Caetano de Sousa, this library is 88 m long, 9.5 m wide and 13 m high. The magnificent floor is covered with tiles of rose, grey and white marble.


title: "Palace of Mafra" content: The wooden bookshelves in Rococo style are situated on the sidewalls in two rows, separated by a balcony with a wooden railing. They contain over 36,000 leather-bound volumes, attesting of the extent of western knowledge from the 14th to the 19th century. Among them, are many valuable bibliographical jewels, such as incunabula. These beautiful finished volumes were bound in the local workshop ("Livraria") in the "rocaille" style (also by Manuel Caetano de Sousa). The library is known for homing bats which protect the books from insect damage. The Library was used in "Gulliver's Travels" (1996) as the Great Chamber of


title: "Palace of Mafra" content: War for the Emperor of Lilliput. A major reference to the construction of the palace is made in the book "Baltasar and Blimunda" ("Memorial do Convento"), written by the Portuguese Nobel laureate José Saramago. The main character, Baltasar, born in Mafra, works in the construction of the palace. Saramago makes a detailed description of the building process, including the transport of a giant stone from the quarry to the building site, depicting it as a torture for those who helped build the palace. The Mafra School of Sculpture was founded during the reign of king Joseph I of Portugal, successor


title: "Palace of Mafra" content: of king John V. As the Mafra National Palace had a great need for sculptors, local and from abroad, it became the location of a sculpture academy headed by the Italian Alessandro Giusti (1715–1799). Among the teachers were several important sculptors, such as José de Almeida (1709–1769), Claude de Laprade (1682–1738) and Giovanni Antonio da Padova (who created most of the statues for the cathedral of Évora). The academy was awarded many commissions by the Augustinians from the monastery, resulting in the many marble statues and retables in marble and jasper in the basilica. This academy produced several generations of


title: "Palace of Mafra" content: Portuguese sculptors, such as Joaquim Machado de Castro (1731–1822). Palace of Mafra The Palace of Mafra () is a monumental Baroque and Italianized Neoclassical palace-monastery located in Mafra, Portugal, some 28 kilometres from Lisbon. Construction began in 1717 and was completely concluded in 1755. The palace was classified as a National Monument in 1910, and was also one of the finalists of the Seven Wonders of Portugal. The palace, which also served as a Franciscan monastery, was built during the reign of King John V (1707–1750), as consequence of a vow the king made in 1711, to build a convent


title: "Banded water snake" content: Banded water snake The banded water snake or southern water snake ("Nerodia fasciata") is a species of mostly aquatic, nonvenomous, colubrid snake endemic to the central and southeastern United States. It is found from Indiana, south to Louisiana and east to Florida. Adults of the banded water snake measures from in total length, with a record size (in the Florida subspecies) of in total length. In one study of the species, the average body mass of adult snakes was . It is typically gray, greenish-gray, or brown in color, with dark crossbanding. Many specimens are so dark in color that


title: "Banded water snake" content: their patterning is barely discernible. They have flat heads, and are fairly heavy-bodied. If irritated, they release a foul-smelling musk to deter predators. Their appearance leads them to be frequently mistaken for other snakes with which they share a habitat, including the less common, venomous cottonmouth. "Nerodia fasciata" inhabits most freshwater environments such as lakes, marshes, ponds, and streams. It preys mainly on fish and frogs. Using its vomeronasal organ, also called Jacobson's organ, the snake can detect parvalbumins in the cutaneous mucus of its prey. The species is ovoviviparous, giving birth to live young. The brood size varies from


title: "Banded water snake" content: 9 to 50. Newborns are 200–240 mm (about 8-9.5 in) in total length. The three recognized subspecies of "Nerodia fasciata", including the nominotypical subspecies, are: Some sources consider "Nerodia clarkii compressicauda" and "Nerodia clarkii taeniata" to be subspecies of "Nerodia fasciata". Also, some sources have considered "Nerodia fasciata" to be a subspecies of "Nerodia sipedon". Banded water snake The banded water snake or southern water snake ("Nerodia fasciata") is a species of mostly aquatic, nonvenomous, colubrid snake endemic to the central and southeastern United States. It is found from Indiana, south to Louisiana and east to Florida. Adults of the


title: "Timeline of United States inventions (after 1991)" content: first patent in North America was issued to Samuel Winslow by the General Court of Massachusetts for a new method of making salt. On April 10, 1790, President George Washington signed the Patent Act of 1790 (1 Stat. 109) into law which proclaimed that patents were to be authorized for "any useful art, manufacture, engine, machine, or device, or any improvement therein not before known or used." On July 31, 1790, Samuel Hopkins of Pittsford, Vermont became the first person in the United States to file and to be granted a patent for an improved method of "Making Pot and


title: "C.I.D. Moosa" content: to Scotland to solve bigger cases. The film featured a soundtrack composed by Vidyasagar, with lyrics penned by Gireesh Puthenchery. The film was a commercial success. Following the success of CID Moosa, it was remade in Tamil titled Seena Thana 001 starring Prasanna in 2007. It was above average at the box office. A Telugu remake titled "Ramachari - Edo pedda gudachari" was released later in 2013, with Venu, Kamalinee Mukherjee and Murali Sharma replacing the roles played by Dileep, Bhavana and Ashish Vidyarthi respectively. It was reported as superhit at the box office. A Kannada remake titled "C. I.


title: "Mömlingen" content: Middle Ages can be drawn from an interest register from 1426. At this time, the Counts of Wertheim, as holders of the lordship of Breuberg, were taxing 62 farms. Hence, Mömlingen was quite a grand place. Grave effects on Mömlingen’s development were brought by the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648). Plague, sacking and pillaging harried the people, leaving only a few survivors by 1650. Many longtime families had been taken away by this dreadful war. Soon after the war ended, many new names come forth from the archives. Newcomers arrived mainly from the South Tyrol, France and the Netherlands. The Thirty


title: "Jonathan Meiburg" content: to write his first book, which describes the evolutionary history of South America through the eyes of a family of falcons known as caracaras, for US publisher Knopf and UK publisher Bodley Head. He has published articles in various national and international publications on a wide range of topics: interviews with producer and musician Brian Reitzell for Tape Op, with author and human rights activist Zainab Salbi in "The Believer"; a history of dioramas of the Whitney Wing of the American Museum of Natural History for The Appendix; and numerous articles for online music magazine The Talkhouse, including a personal


title: "Dietmar Feichtinger" content: is provided by the Syndicat Mixte Baie du Mont-Saint Michel. In 2014, Dietmar Feichtinger was elected permanent member of the Academy of Arts Berlin. Even though he claims not to be a 'bridge specialist', he is the architect of 13 bridges and footbridges built in Europe including the Three Country Bridge between France and Germany over the Rhine and the Passerelle de la Paix in Lyon that opened to the public in March 2014, and links the commune of Caluire-et-Cuire to . Currently, the studio works on the extension of the station and maritime center of Ostend in Belgium, the


title: Krossneset content: the Lindås peninsula to the east, and the Nordhordland Bridge to Bergen to the south. The Hagelsund and Nordhordland bridges carry the European route E39 highway. Krossneset Krossneset is a village in Meland municipality, in Hordaland county, Norway. The village sits on the island of Flatøy, about half-way between the villages of Frekhaug (to the west) and Knarvik (to the east). The village has a population (2013) of 514, giving the village a population density of . The village sits at a major transportation cross-roads. The small island of Flatøy is the hub of a three-way bridge network that connects


title: "Bay City State Park" content: Conservation Commission accepted from Bay City a tract of land on the shore of Saginaw Bay with the proviso that the site become a state park. From 1923 until 1994, it was known as Bay City State Park. In 1994, when some termed the Tobico Marsh were added to the park, the park took on the name of Bay City State Recreation Area, a move that confused both the populace and the media who continued to refer to by its original name. The name Bay City State Park was restored in 2017. The park offers swimming, spray park, trails for


title: "Butterley Company" content: and iron were discovered. Fortuitously, Butterley Hall fell vacant and in 1790 Outram, with the financial assistance of Francis Beresford, bought it and its estate. The following year they were joined by Jessop and John, the grandson of Ichabod Wright, a wealthy Nottingham banker who was betrothed to Beresford's daughter and who owned the Butterley Park estate. In 1793 the French Revolutionary Wars broke out and by 1796 the blast furnace was producing nearly a thousand tons of pig iron a year. By the second decade of the next century the company had expanded with another works at Codnor Park


title: "Anne Marie Howard" content: she was fourteen the family moved to Davenport, Iowa. She has appeared in over 100 commercials, including Life Savers, the George Foreman Grill, Quaker Oats, Nexium, and AARP. Anne's television guest appearances include "Desperate Housewives", "Nip/Tuck", "Monk", "Close to Home", "Las Vegas", "", "Cold Case", "ER", "Judging Amy", "Boston Public", "Unfabulous", "Make It or Break It", and "Private Practice". Her film appearances include "The Weather Man" with Nicolas Cage, "Prince of Darkness", "Model Behavior", and "You Don't Mess with the Zohan" with Adam Sandler. Anne Marie Howard Anne Marie Howard (born March 31, 1960) is an American actress, former spokeswoman


title: "Edgewood High School of the Sacred Heart" content: art. Edgewood’s student literary and art magazine has three times earned the National Council of Teachers of English "Highest Award" for writing, typography, and visual art. Students may enter a school-wide writing contest juried by outside professionals. The Drama Department stages two productions per year, involving more than 100 students in each, either on stage or on technical crews. Since the inception of the Overture Center for the Arts Tommy Awards in 2009-2010, Edgewood High School musicals have earned "Outstanding Musical" honors for "Anything Goes" (2010), "Hairspray" (2011), "West Side Story" (2012), "Guys and Dolls" (2013) and "Mary Poppins" (2015).


title: "FCB (advertising agency)" content: pencil at the D&AD Impact Awards. FCB was recognized at the One Show and received seven Gold Pencils, six Silver Pencils, and eight Bronze Pencils. At the Cristal Festival, FCB South Africa won Agency of the Year. FCB Media initiated a marketing campaign called Bully Hunters which consisted of a livestream event held in mid-April 2018 which aimed to combat misogynist harassment in video games by deploying "bully hunters" to kill abusive opponents in the game "". The livestream itself consisted of pre-recorded footage of faked harassment as acted out by associates of FCB Media. Claimed sponsors of the event


title: WTOU content: WTOU WTOU is a radio station in Battle Creek, Michigan, United States, owned by Duey Wright's Midwest Communications, Inc. It broadcasts in the AM radio band at 930 kHz. Established in 1948 as WBCK, the station simulcasts an urban adult contemporary format with WNWN (1560 AM). WBCK began broadcasting July 9, 1948, with a Detroit Tigers baseball game as its first program. The station was a Mutual affiliate. WBCK featured a full-service MOR/adult contemporary format for years, evolving into news/talk by the mid-1990s. The sale of the Battle Creek Radio Group from Clear Channel Communications to Cumulus Media has been


title: "Diana Memorial Award" content: The Diana Award launched a series of events to commemorate her legacy. These included the creation of a National Kindness Day on 31 March 2017 to commemorate the anniversary of Diana, Princess of Wales' death and to encourage other people to carry out an act of kindness. The charity also held an inaugural Legacy Award Ceremony at St James's Palace, with the support of TRHs The Duke of Cambridge and The Duke of Sussex to "recognise 20 exceptional young people who’ve created positive social change." The Legacy Award now takes place every two years, celebrating the top 20 Diana Award


title: "Rollei 35" content: inspired by this camera. Especially for the North American market, a "special edition" with an artificial leather covering in traffic-red, yellow-orange, deer-brown, steel-blue and white was produced, counting 100 items for each color. But as these test samples did not cause much interest, they were not quoted in any price list. In 1976 the "Rollei B 35" was renamed as "Rollei 35 B" without any further modification, to better conform to the Rollei designation scheme. Without its own development department, the Singapore production facility asked Rollei Germany for permission to make a redesign of the Rollei 35 B. The uncoupled


title: "Rollei 35" content: like the Tessar, providing a similar mounting in the sliding tube. Only the two front lenses were to move when focusing. But, when finished, the lens did not focus sharply enough at close distances, and mass production had to be delayed by a whole year. The project was stopped and Zeiss designed a new lens with focusing control by moving the whole lens. Rollei's chief of development, Richard Weiß, concluded: "We've got into a precarious loss-making situation because of this. The developers have learned that, in the future, they must examine lenses, even if made by Carl Zeiss, with more


title: "Carlton Lassiter" content: truly is. In "Extradition: British Columbia," he is on the bust of a master thief he has spent years tracking down but when he gloats, the thief responds he has no idea who Lassiter is. Lassiter is very protective of his partner, Juliet O'Hara, and sees her as a little sister, and even promising during a polygraph (lie detector) examination to physically hurt Shawn if he emotionally hurts O'Hara. Omundson says that while Shawn and Gus' increasing presence in police investigations is a great annoyance to Lassiter, "I think, secretly, he doesn't mind them too much because it always gives


title: Nightwind content: darkforce into solid constructs she tends to create weaponry usually generating a sword of the pitch-black energy which normally she uses for cutting, stabbing and the like, but she can also strike opponents with blows of non-lethal force that simply phase through living beings and disrupt their nervous system. Nightwind is also capable of teleportation by traveling through the Darkforce Dimension. The distance at which she can travel is unknown as well if she can travel with others but it is known that she can teleport between mid-air, and at a precise point such leaping off of a building and


title: "Basawon Singh (Sinha)" content: Bannerjee, formed the Gaya cotton and Jute Mill Labour Union, formed the Tata Collieries Labour Association along with Subhas Chandra Bose and went on to become the latter organisation's president when Bose left India in 1941. He organised coal workers of Talcher with close co-ordination and support of Dukhabandhu Mishra (founder member of HMS union in Talcher coalfields), Rajgangpur (Orissa) and Satna (MP); established Mica Workers Union, Gomia Labour Union (Explosives), later these unions affiliated to HMS. He was active in AIRF from 1936, president of OT Railway Union from Agra to Nefa and NE Railway Mazdoor Union. He was


title: "Eric Carr (boxer)" content: Eric Carr (boxer) Eric Carr (born January 26, 1975), is an American professional heavyweight boxer. Carr’s amateur boxing career began at the age of 14. His amateur career produced a record of 56 wins with 6 losses. Carr has sparred with boxing champions, including seven-time world middleweight champion Tommy "Hit Man" Hearns, the former WBC Continental Middleweight Champion Kid Fire Parks, and 1984 Olympics medal winner Frank Tate, the former world Middleweight Champion. Carr credits training camp experiences with trainer Johnny Powell for his boxing skills. Powell served as co-trainer with Eddie Futch, known for his work with Michael Spinks


title: "Alfonso López Caballero" content: once again, López Caballero supported Álvaro Uribe from the beginning of his presidential campaign while López Michelsen supported Horacio Serpa. López Caballero was appointed ambassador to the United Kingdom by president Uribe where he was instrumental in strengthening commercial links and in gaining support for an offensive against the guerrillas, paramilitaries and organized crime . Alfonso López Caballero Alfonso López Caballero (born 17 August 1944) is a Colombian economist and diplomat, the son and grandson of former Presidents of Colombia, Alfonso López Michelsen and Alfonso López Pumarejo respectively, and former congressman, government minister, ambassador to France, Canada, the United Kingdom,


title: "Society for Applied Anthropology" content: native populations, involve themselves in policy matters and politics, and research contemporary social issues". Society for Applied Anthropology The Society for Applied Anthropology (SfAA) is a US-based professional association for applied anthropology, established "to promote the integration of anthropological perspectives and methods in solving human problems throughout the world; to advocate for fair and just public policy based upon sound research; to promote public recognition of anthropology as a profession; and to support the continuing professionalization of the field." Members include academic as well as practicing and applied anthropologists. The Society publishes two journals: "Human Organization" and "Practicing Anthropology". The


title: WBFB content: rival WBZN the competition needed to spice the small market. Although the ratings were often close, jocks from both stations demonstrated the skills to provide Bangor with large market sounds. Clear Channel Communications signed a local marketing agreement with Gopher Hill in early 2001; a few weeks later, it bought WWBX and WABI. The company announced on November 16, 2006 that it would sell its Bangor stations after being bought by private equity firms, resulting in a sale to Blueberry Broadcasting to 2008. On September 1, 2008, WWBX dropped the top 40 format in favor of sports talk provided by


title: "History of Cumbria" content: Romans and in return were offered protection by their Imperial neighbours. But the royal couple divorced, and Venutius led two rebellions against his ex-wife. The first, in the 50s AD, was quashed by the Romans, but the second, in AD 69, came at a time of political instability in the Empire and resulted in the Romans evacuating Cartimandua and leaving Venutius to reign over the Brigantes. The Romans could not accept a formerly pro-Roman tribe the size of the Brigantes now being ant-Roman, so the Roman conquest of the Brigantes began two years later. Tacitus gives pride of place in


title: "Bronco Mendenhall" content: call succession planning, just the methodical, simple filling of a roster to rebuild and develop, has not been done very well,” Mendenhall said, “and I love doing that part... [but] it’s hard to develop four years of players unless you have four years of players.” Virginia was picked last in the ACC Coastal by all seven football experts at CBS Sports heading into the 2017 season. Despite the poor projections, the Cavaliers would surprise many by starting the season 5–1, including a 42–23 road win against a nationally ranked Boise State team. Mendenhall's Cavaliers would also win the South's Oldest


title: "Robert Backhouse" content: have given him a silver medal if his competition had been official. Backhouse received a Diploma of Merit for his effort in the Continental style. At their home, Sutton Court in Herefordshire, he and his wife, Sarah, continued the botanical interests of his grandfather, William Backhouse (1779–1844), and father, William Backhouse (1807–1869), and spent much time in cultivating daffodils and lilies. His brothers, Charles and Henry also raised daffodils as did his son William Ormston Backhouse (1885–1962). The popular daffodil variety, Mrs. R. O. Backhouse, the first daffodil with a pink cup and white perianth, was among the ones they


title: "Turkish Americans" content: those with a more political agenda coincided with the hostile efforts of other ethnic groups, namely the Greek and Armenian lobby. As well as promoting the Turkish culture, Turkish American organizations promote Turkey's position in international affairs and generally support the positions taken by the Turkish government. They have been lobbying for Turkey's entry into the European Union and have also defended the Turkish involvement in Cyprus. Turkish Americans have also expressed concerns about the Greek lobby in the United States undermining the typically good Turkish-American relations. In recent years, Turkish Americans have established more influence in the US Congress.


title: "Alibi (play)" content: in the study and that can only have been to have hidden something from sight at the moment that the room was broken into. As the Dictaphone is missing, it can only be that item which was there and, by use of a time-lock, the voice heard behind the door was not that of the living Sir Roger but a previously-made recording – the man was already dead. The murderer can only be someone who had a receptacle to carry away the machine and who had the study to himself for a moment after the discovery of the body –


title: "Scarlet dragonfly" content: Scarlet dragonfly Crocothemis erythraea is a species of dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. Its common names include broad scarlet, common scarlet-darter, scarlet darter and scarlet dragonfly. The scarlet dragonfly is a common species in southern Europe and throughout Africa. It also occurs across western Asia as far as southern China. It is a very rare vagrant in Britain. Its first record in the country was at Hayle Kimbro Pool, The Lizard, Cornwall, on 7 August 1995. Since then there have been a few further records at scattered locations throughout Britain. A wide range of both running and standing waters, except


title: "Scarlet dragonfly" content: those that are shaded. Adults may be found some distance from water in habitats ranging from desert to open woodland; absent from dense forest. "Crocothemis erythraea" can reach a length of . These dragonflies haves a flattened and rather broad abdomen. The adult male scarlet dragonfly has a bright scarlet red, widened abdomen, with small amber patches at the bases of the hindwings. Also the veins on the leading edges of the wings are red. Females and immatures are yellow-brown and have a conspicuous pale stripe along the top of the thorax. Adults fly from mid-June to early September (in


title: "Scarlet dragonfly" content: UK). Scarlet dragonfly Crocothemis erythraea is a species of dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. Its common names include broad scarlet, common scarlet-darter, scarlet darter and scarlet dragonfly. The scarlet dragonfly is a common species in southern Europe and throughout Africa. It also occurs across western Asia as far as southern China. It is a very rare vagrant in Britain. Its first record in the country was at Hayle Kimbro Pool, The Lizard, Cornwall, on 7 August 1995. Since then there have been a few further records at scattered locations throughout Britain. A wide range of both running and standing waters,


title: "Prostitution in Sweden" content: even if so the number of persons in prostitution in total is many times larger in Denmark than in Sweden and Danish numbers on indoor prostitution were estimated at 3278. These numbers were mainly based on advertising, not Reden. Assuming 1415 is the number for outdoor prostitution in Denmark, that only amounts to a fourth of prostitution in Denmark. Therefore, it seems unlikely that street prostitution could be so significantly lower as SIO claims. However, whatever the numbers, the scientific question is whether this has anything to do with the sex purchase law or, rather, reflects historical patterns and cultural


title: "Radiance (play)" content: Radiance (play) Radiance is a play by Australian author and playwright Louis Nowra. The play focuses on three Aboriginal half-sisters, who have gone their separate ways in life, and are reunited when they arrive for their mother's funeral service. "Radiance" has been written both as a stageplay and a screenplay. The mother's name is not given in the stageplay, in the screenplay she referred to by the priest as Mary McKenna. She is already deceased at the start of the play, her daughters give their views of their common mother whilst reminiscing. It is revealed that the mother was very


title: "Nikolai Topor-Stanley" content: teams Manly United FC and Belconnen Blue Devils, as well as representing Australia in the 2005 FIFA World Youth Championship. He was also selected to participate in the first training camp for the Beijing Olympics. On 15 July 2006, Nikolai debuted for Sydney off the bench against Queensland Roar in the Pre-season Cup before scoring his first goal for the club against Newcastle Jets a week later. Nikolai made his A-League debut on 27 August 2006 against the Central Coast Mariners. In the absence of Timpano, Nikolai cemented a place in Sydney's first team, having started a number of Sydney


title: "(When You Gonna) Give It Up to Me" content: Drew Sidora appear. Jon Cruz and Rufino Puno of Super Cr3w, from "America's Best Dance Crew" (Season 2) can be seen late in the video breakdancing. !scope="col" colspan="3"| Ringtone (When You Gonna) Give It Up to Me "(When You Gonna) Give It Up to Me" (known as "Give It Up to Me" in its solo version) is a reggae–dancehall song written by Sean Paul for his third album "The Trinity" (2005). The single meant to be released after "Temperature" was "Breakout", but was switched to "Give It Up To Me" to promote the film "Step Up" (2006). It is the


title: "Rila National Park" content: Rila National Park Rila National Park () is the largest national park in Bulgaria spanning an area of 810.46 km² in the Rila mountain range in the south-west of the country. It was established on 24 February 1992 to protect several ecosystems of national importance. Its altitude varies from 800 m. near Blagoevgrad to 2925 m. at Musala Peak, the highest summit in the Balkan Peninsula. There are 120 glacial lakes, including the prominent Seven Rila Lakes. Many rivers have their source in the national park, including the longest river entirely in the Balkans, the Maritsa, and the longest river


title: "Rila National Park" content: entirely in Bulgaria, the Iskar. The national park occupies territory from 4 of the 28 provinces of the country: Sofia, Kyustendil, Blagoevgrad and Pazardzhik. It includes four nature reserves: Parangalitsa, Central Rila Reserve, Ibar and Skakavitsa. Rila National Park is among the largest and most valuable protected areas in Europe. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has listed the park as Category II. Two of the four nature reserves are included in the UN list of Representative Protected Areas, and four of the nature reserves are included in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves under the UNESCO Man


title: "Rila National Park" content: and Biosphere Programme. The park falls within the Rodope montane mixed forests terrestrial ecoregion of the Palearctic Temperate broadleaf and mixed forest. Forests occupy 534.81 km² or 66% of the total area. There are approximately 1400 species of vascular plants, 282 species of mosses and 130 species of freshwater algae. The fauna is represented by 48 species of mammals, 99 species of birds, 20 species of reptiles and amphibia and 5 species of fish, as well as 2934 species of invertebrates, of which 282 are endemic. Rila National Park Rila National Park () is the largest national park in Bulgaria


title: "Apollo PRISM" content: Equipment Corporation's Alpha. In some respects, the VLIW design can be thought of as "super-RISCy", as it offloads the instruction selection process to the compiler as well. In the VLIW design, the compiler examines the code and selects instructions that are known to be "safe", and then packages them into longer instruction words. For instance, for a CPU with two functional units, like the PRISM, the compiler would find pairs of safe instructions and stuff them into a single larger word. Inside the CPU, the instructions are simply split apart again, and fed into the selected units. This design minimizes


title: "Parks in Windsor, Ontario" content: as intended by City Council. Wyandotte Street is not listed as an official Bike Route, but has many signs along it from the Ambassador Bridge to its terminus with Riverdale Street in the Villages of Riverside neighbourhood, saying "Share The Road: Bikes Belong", with a symbol of a car and a bike next to each other, as if it were a bike-lane road. This is supposedly to help City Council eventually lay bike lanes down to connect Ganatchio Trail to Riverwalk trail, and as a reminder for motorists, since Wyandotte Street is very busy with commercial AND residential traffic. Whenever


title: "Jacques Brel is Alive and Well and Living in Paris" content: actress and singer, Camille O'Sullivan. In 1995 the show was revived in the West End, starring Michael Cahill, Alison Egan, Liz Greenaway, and Stuart Pendred. A cast recording of this production was released on August 12, 1997 with Jay Records. In 2006, a production opened Off-Broadway at the Zipper Theater in New York City. While this revival used most of the Blau-Shuman translations, there were also significant changes: the order of songs was rearranged, numbers were reorchestrated, and some songs were dropped or added. The revival also included expanded staging and choreography. The production ran for more than a year.


title: "Wild Honey (play)" content: 4 broadcast another production in 2018, directed by Clive Brill, starring David Tennant as Platonov and Olivia Darnley as Sasha. Wild Honey (play) Wild Honey is a 1984 adaptation by British playwright Michael Frayn of an earlier play by Anton Chekhov. The original work, a sprawling five-hour drama from Chekhov's earliest years as a writer, has no title, but is usually known in English as "Platonov", after its principal character "Mikhail Platonov", a disillusioned provincial schoolmaster. Frayn's adaptation was given its first production at London's National Theatre in 1984 and won Olivier Awards in three categories: for Ian McKellen as


title: Osoblaha content: find remains of former town fortifications from the 16th century. From the other Osoblaha monuments can be named the St. Nicholas Church behind the town towards Studnice village which is together with the empire fountain on the square one of the last monuments remembering former architectural town's appearance. In the 1870s the owners of sugar refinery in Osoblaha were looking for a railway connection of their town. From financial point of view, the best alternative was a connection to the railway network in neighbouring Prussia. However, the government in Vienna refused it on political and military grounds. On 14. December


title: "Ghoul (Ultraverse)" content: human being. Ghoul eventually joined the reformed Ultraforce, but the series was cancelled after only 15 issues. Ghoul is extremely hard to kill, since he is essentially already dead. Only the total disintegration of his body can permanently kill him. His limbs, if torn off, can be reattached or, in time, grow back. He does not feel pain and is immune to disease, poison, and radiation. Ghoul can communicate with the spirits of the deceased, even those who have been dead for tens of thousands of years. He can, in some cases, also sense a person's imminent death. Ghoul is


title: "Exhibition shooting" content: Cowboy Action Shooting, put on by SASS or Single Action Shooting Society. Becky's beat known trick shot pays honor to Annie Oakley. Becky shoots behind her back using a mirror to hit a target, using a .38 lever rifle. Bob Munden died December 10, 2012. D. A. Bryce, known as "Delf" or "Jelly", was born December 6, 1906 near Mountain View, in Oklahoma Territory. Bryce served as an officer first with the Oklahoma City police department, then the Oklahoma State Bureau of Investigation and later the Federal Bureau of Investigation. His illustrious career is capped by his shootout and subsequent


title: "Children's Party at the Palace" content: Children's Party at the Palace The Children's Party at the Palace was an event organized by Peter Orton of Hit Entertainment and David Johnstone of DJI consult, held at Buckingham Palace Garden on 25 June 2006 in honour of the 80th birthday of Queen Elizabeth II. The event, which had the theme British children's literature, was attended by 2,000 children and 1,000 adults who were chosen through a national ballot. On arrival, all guests received a purple hamper with snacks put together by Jamie Oliver. For the occasion, the palace grounds were transformed into scenes from children's books including places


title: "Bryce Canyon Natural History Association" content: new information for their classes to researchers needing a base to analyze data. Courses will be located in various areas of southern Utah and taught by college professors, field biologists and other experts. The BCNHA is a non-profit, tax exempt 501(c)(3) organization governed by a Board of Trustees who serve without remuneration. The board is composed of community and professional leaders who have a special interest in Bryce Canyon and southern Utah. The Superintendent of Bryce Canyon National Park and the Chief of Interpretation as well as a Forest Service representatives attend all board meetings to maintain a high level


title: "Sam Concepcion" content: campaign' ambassador in 2007. In 2008, Concepcion was appointed by the Business Software Alliance as the Official Spokesperson of the Philippines for 'B4USurf', 'Youth Ambassador for Education and the Arts' in the 3rd District of Manila and World Vision's 'Ambassador for Children'. Concepcion was also given a representative role by the Department of Tourism to the Korea World Travel Fair (2006). He was also chosen by the Philippine government to sing in front of the President of the Philippines, Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo and top world economic leaders during APEC's 'Business Advisory Council Gala' opening. He was awarded by the United Nations


title: "Batman: Gothic" content: of the inspirations Morrison took for "Gothic: A Romance". Another important source is gothic novel "The Monk", by Matthew Gregory Lewis. Mr. Whisper's true name, Manfred, is most likely a reference to the protagonist of the dramatic poem "Manfred", written by Lord Byron. Throughout the poem, Manfred succeeds in challenging all authoritative powers he comes across, and refuses to submit to spirits of higher powers. At the end, Manfred dies defying religious temptations of redemption from sin. IGN Comics ranked "Batman: Gothic" #16 on a list of the 25 greatest Batman graphic novels, saying that ""Gothic" offers not only a


title: "Mangrove snapper" content: Mangrove snapper The mangrove snapper or gray snapper ("Lutjanus griseus") is a species of snapper native to the western Atlantic Ocean from Massachusetts to Brazil, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea. They can be found in a wide variety of habitats, including brackish and fresh waters. It is commercially important, as well as being sought as a game fish. It can also be found in the aquarium trade. Its color is typically greyish red, but it can change color from bright red to copper red. It has a dark stripe running across its eye if observed from the


title: "Mangrove snapper" content: top when it is under water. This species can reach a length of , though most do not exceed . The greatest recorded weight for this species is . The mangrove snapper can be confused with the Cubera snapper or black snapper, "Lutjanus cyanopterus". Mangrove snapper are typically much smaller than Cubera, but when they are of similar size, the two species can only be distinguished by examining the tooth patch on the inside roof of the mouth. Many specimens caught in Florida, specifically Punta Gorda, are actually misidentified dogtooth or dog snapper, "Lutjanus jocu". The best way to distinguish


title: "Mangrove snapper" content: between the two species is dog snapper has a lighter triangle of color with a blue band under the eye and large, sharp fangs in the front (canines), hence its common name. These fangs can deliver a painful bite, even in a small fish. The mangrove snapper feeds mostly on small fishes and crustaceans. It was also observed as systematically waiting under maternal colony of Buffy flower bat for falling bats near the entrances of Lucayan cavern, Bahamas. The mangrove snapper is one of the most common species of snapper in warmer regions. It can be found in many areas


title: "Mangrove snapper" content: from canals to grass flats, as well as in open water. Most mangrove snapper in the open water are generally found near bottom structure or reefs. They can be found at depths from though are mostly found at less than . Mangrove snapper is a common target for anglers, and is highly prized for its light and flaky flesh. It can be caught on a variety of baits, but is typically caught with live or frozen shrimp, squid, minnows and occasionally on artificial lures or baits. They can be spearfished, as well, but are sometimes a tough target, as they


title: "Mangrove snapper" content: tend to be more wary of divers, rather than curious, and their wariness of baits and divers tends to increase as the fish grow larger. Most mangrove snapper are caught on light to medium tackle, and typical catches range from eight to 14 in long in shallow or in-shore waters, and up to 20 in long in deeper waters. Larger fish are uncommon, but not rare. Mangrove snapper The mangrove snapper or gray snapper ("Lutjanus griseus") is a species of snapper native to the western Atlantic Ocean from Massachusetts to Brazil, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea. They


title: "Lavie Tidhar" content: Lavie Tidhar Lavie Tidhar () (born 16 November 1976) is an Israeli-born writer, working across multiple genres. He has lived in the United Kingdom and South Africa for long periods of time, as well as Laos and Vanuatu. As of 2013, Tidhar lives in London. His novel "Osama" won the 2012 World Fantasy Award for Best Novel, beating Stephen King's "11/22/63" and George R. R. Martin's "A Dance with Dragons". His novel "A Man Lies Dreaming" won the £5000 Jerwood Fiction Uncovered Prize, for Best British Fiction, in 2015. He won the John W. Campbell Memorial Award for Best Science


title: "Malus sylvestris" content: Malus sylvestris Malus sylvestris, the European crab apple, is a species of the genus "Malus", native to Europe. Its scientific name means "forest apple" and the truly wild tree has thorns. Wild apple has an expanded crown and often appear more like a bush than a tree. It can live 80–100 years and grow up to 10 m tall with trunk diameters of 23–45 cm. Due to its weak competitiveness and high light requirement, wild apple exist mostly at the wet edge of forests, in farmland hedges or on very extreme, marginal sites. The tree is rather rare but native


title: "Malus sylvestris" content: to most European countries. It occurs in a scattered distribution pattern as single individuals or in small groups. In the past "M. sylvestris" was thought to be the most important ancestor of the cultivated apple ("M. pumila"), which has since been shown to have been originally derived from the central Asian species "M. sieversii". However another recent DNA analysis confirms that "M. sylvestris" has contributed significantly to the genome. The study found that secondary introgression from other species of the genus "Malus" has greatly shaped the genome of "M. pumila", with "M. sylvestris" being the largest secondary contributor. It also


title: "Malus sylvestris" content: found that current populations of "M. pumila" are more closely related to "M. sylvestris" than to "M. sieversii". However, in more pure strains of "M. pumila" the "M. sieversii" ancestry still predominates. The flowers are hermaphrodite and are pollinated by insects. Its leaves are food of the caterpillars of the twin-spotted sphinx ("Smerinthus jamaicensis") and possibly the hawthorn moth ("Scythropia crataegella"). Malus sylvestris Malus sylvestris, the European crab apple, is a species of the genus "Malus", native to Europe. Its scientific name means "forest apple" and the truly wild tree has thorns. Wild apple has an expanded crown and often


title: "Catholic imagination" content: passion is not in itself lewd or lustful.Postmodern artists and artists today, influenced by the Catholic imagination, who are using aspects of the body to pose their questions to society, are frequently working out of the inherently complex contradictions of sacramental vision. See also: Lisa Yuskavage, Kiki Smith, Andy Warhol, Tim Miller, David Wojnarowicz Catholic imagination Catholic imagination refers to the Catholic viewpoint that God is present in the whole creation and in human beings, as seen in its sacramental system whereby material things and human beings are channels and sources of God's grace. This terminology was popularized by the


title: "John Westbrook (actor)" content: II in the 1969 BBC miniseries "The First Churchills", and "Lord Blandford" in the 1974 Thames miniseries "". He appeared in poetry recitals all over the UK, including his own solo programme "The Ruling Passion". He died 16 June 1989 aged 66 in Ridgewell, Halstead, Essex. John Westbrook (actor) John Westbrook (1 November 1922 – 16 June 1989) was an English actor. Born in Teignmouth, Devon, John Westbrook worked mainly in theatre and in radio. He also made occasional film and television appearances. His most famous role was as Christopher Gough in Roger Corman's "The Tomb of Ligeia". Noted for


title: "Pere Marquette State Forest" content: as a whole. It is named after French explorer Jacques Marquette, who founded the first European settlement of Michigan in 1668. Pere Marquette State Forest The Pere Marquette State Forest encompasses lands in Michigan’s northern Lower Peninsula, on the western side of the state. Counties within the Pere Marquette are: Leelanau, Benzie, Grand Traverse, Kalkaska, Manistee, Wexford, Missaukee, Mason, Lake, Osceola, Oceana, Newaygo and Mecosta. There are several trail-ways in the Pere Marquette, the longest of which are the Muncie Lake Pathway, at in length; the VASA Pathway, at ; and the Cadillac Pathway, at . The trails are well


title: "Lisa Willis" content: Play! Willis' mission is to not only build strong basketball players, but also build great people. Lisa Willis Lisa Camille Willis (born June 13, 1984) was an American professional women's basketball player with the Los Angeles Sparks and New York Liberty of the Women's National Basketball Association. She entered the WNBA in 2006 as the overall fifth draft pick to the Los Angeles Sparks immediately following her college career at University of California, Los Angeles. While Willis played for the Los Angeles Sparks for her first two seasons, she was playing for the New York Liberty her last two seasons


title: "La'Tangela Atkinson" content: La'Tangela Atkinson La'Tangela Chiquita Atkinson (born March 22, 1984) is an American professional women's basketball player in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). Atkinson played for Lee Central High School in Bishopville, South Carolina, where she was named a WBCA All-American. She participated in the 2002 WBCA High School All-America Game where she scored eight points. Atkinson attended college at the University of North Carolina and graduated in 2006. Source Following her collegiate career, she was selected as the ninth overall pick in the 2006 WNBA Draft by the Indiana Fever. On March 23, 2007, she was traded to the


title: "Rumors (Lindsay Lohan song)" content: crowd, where she takes a picture of one of the paparazzi herself to get back at him. In the next sequence, she is walking slowly through the club where she finds the man who seems to be her boyfriend. She takes a seat next to her lover and they begin kissing and touching each other, all the while being constantly filmed by cameras in the club. While Lohan sings the second chorus, she is trapped in a cage in the middle of the club and the whole crowd is watching her. After this Lohan is shown dancing in the club


title: "Akiko Itoyama" content: Shusuke Kaneko. In 2016 Itoyama won the 52nd Tanizaki Prize for her 2015 book '. She has been praised for her ability to describe provincial scenery and represent regional accents and dialects, reflecting the characters' image, even though she was brought up in Tokyo. She explains that she learned them through repeated company transfers all over Japan. Akiko Itoyama After graduation from Shinjuku High School and Waseda University, she worked as a saleswoman for a major household equipment company and, as is common in Japanese corporate life, was transferred several times to various localities. Treatment for cyclic psychosis led to


title: "Bartholomew Sharp" content: time he should read them as plain as the flame of gunpowder could make them." Less than a week later Richard Sawkins would be killed in battle outside Puebla Nueva and 75 of his men would leave the expedition. Command fell to Bartholomew Sharp. Under Admiral Sharp the fleet sailed south along the coast of South America. They failed to take many prizes however. Word of their presence had spread and Spanish settlements were all prepared for them. After weeks at sea the pirates finally captured a Spanish Galleon out patrolling for the English. Sharp tortured their prisoners and killed


title: "Hugo van Lawick" content: of Nature Conservation Films WW. For more than 30 years he lived and worked close to the grass of the African plains. He was part of the conservation structure of Tanzania and enjoyed complete access. Van Lawick can be seen as the writer of East Africa’s natural history, who recorded on film the diversity of natural resources that may never be seen again, through the eyes of an artist and with the accumulated knowledge, patience and precision of a scientist. In his films the animals tell their own story. The grace and perception of his extraordinary films have given him


title: "28 Weeks Later" content: 28 Weeks Later 28 Weeks Later is a 2007 horror film directed by Juan Carlos Fresnadillo, a sequel to the 2002 film "28 Days Later". The film stars Robert Carlyle, Rose Byrne, Jeremy Renner, Harold Perrineau, Catherine McCormack, Imogen Poots, and Idris Elba. Its plot is set after the events of the first film, depicting the efforts of NATO military forces to salvage a safe zone in London, the consequence of two young siblings breaking protocol to find their infected mother, and the resulting reintroduction of the Rage Virus to the safe zone. The film was released in the United


title: "Billy Abbott" content: would lend him anything but Katherine found out he had pawned it. Luckily, she was able to get it back from the pawn shop but told Billy that he had proven that she could no longer trust him. Jack found out about his addiction; consequently, he relocated Billy to Hong Kong as the NVP/Jabot Liaison for House of Kim. Jack agreed to pay off the bookies if Billy took the job, hoping this would give Billy a fresh start. Although, Billy moving so far away just broke Jill's heart. Billy returned as Amber Moore's (Adrienne Frantz) boyfriend "Liam". He was


title: "The Truth About Charlie" content: into the public domain. Universal had never bothered to release it officially on DVD, until it was included as a bonus feature on the B-side of the "Charlie" DVD. They previously licensed it to The Criterion Collection, while numerous unofficial DVDs had been released worldwide. British newlywed Regina Lambert lives in Paris with her husband, Charlie. She returns home following a short vacation, determined to divorce Charlie, only to discover their apartment has been stripped bare and that her husband has been murdered. Regina is soon reunited with a mysterious stranger she met on her holiday. He helps her piece


title: "Agus River" content: Agus River Agus River is a river that flows for 36.5 km from Lanao Lake to Iligan Bay, Philippines. It cuts through the provinces of Lanao del Sur and Lanao del Norte. Settlements along the banks of the river include the City of Marawi, the Municipality of Linamon and the City of Iligan. It separates into two channels as it drains to Iligan Bay; one going over the Maria Cristina Falls while the other supplies the Tinago Falls. The river descends for about from its source as it flows for before draining to the sea. The river is relatively shallow


title: "Steve Atkinson" content: Steve Atkinson Stephen John "The Snail" Atkinson (October 16, 1948 – May 6, 2003) was a Canadian ice hockey player who played the positions of centre and right wing. Atkinson was born in Toronto, Ontario, but grew up in Barrie, Ontario. Guided by Hap Emms in Barrie, Emms would bring Atkinson along with him when he moved the Flyers from Barrie to Niagara Falls. On April 26, 1968, he scored the winning goal in Game 8 to eliminate the Kitchener Rangers in the OHL Championship Series on the way to a Flyers Memorial Cup title. Atkinson had 19 goals in


title: "Misumena vatia" content: Misumena vatia Misumena vatia is a species of crab spider with holarctic distribution. In North America, where it is the largest and best-known flower spider, it is called the goldenrod crab spider or flower (crab) spider, because it is commonly found hunting in goldenrod sprays in the autumn. Young males in the early summer may be quite small and easily overlooked, but females can grow up to 10 mm (excluding legs); males reach 5 mm at most. These spiders may be yellow or white, depending on the flower in which they are hunting. Especially younger females, which may hunt on


title: "Misumena vatia" content: a variety of flowers such as daisies and sunflowers, may change color at will. Older females require large amounts of relatively large prey to produce the best possible clutch of eggs. They are therefore, in North America, most commonly found in goldenrod ("Solidago" sp.), a bright yellow flower which attracts large numbers of insects, especially in autumn. It is often very hard even for a searching human to recognize one of these spiders on a yellow flower. These spiders are sometimes called banana spiders because of their striking yellow color. The much smaller males scamper from flower to flower in


title: "Misumena vatia" content: search of females and are often seen missing one or more of their legs. This may be due either to near misses by predators such as birds or to fighting with other males. When a male finds a female, he climbs over her head over her opisthosoma onto her underside, where he inserts his pedipalps to inseminate her. The young reach a size of about 5 mm by autumn and spend the winter on the ground. They molt for the last time in May of the next year. Because "Misumena vatia" employs camouflaging, it is able to focus more energy


title: "Misumena vatia" content: on growth and reproduction rather than finding food and escaping from predators. As in many Thomisidae species, there is a positive correlation between female weight and egg clutch size, or fecundity. Selection for larger female body size thus increases reproductive success. These spiders change color by secreting a liquid yellow pigment into the outer cell layer of the body. On a white base, this pigment is transported into lower layers, so that inner glands, filled with white guanine, become visible. The color similarity between the spider and the flower is well matched with a white flower, in particular the "Chaerophyllum


title: "Misumena vatia" content: temulum", compared to a yellow flower based on the spectral reflectance functions. If the spider dwells longer on a white plant, the yellow pigment is often excreted. It will then take the spider much longer to change to yellow, because it will have to produce the yellow pigment first. The color change is induced by visual feedback; spiders with painted eyes were found to have lost this ability. The color change from white to yellow takes between 10 and 25 days, the reverse about six days. The yellow pigments have been identified as kynurenine and 3-hydroxykynurenine Misumena vatia Misumena vatia


title: "Dan Sileo" content: (after that station changed back to a sports format). He was also a Heisman Trophy voter, a member of the Football Writers Association of America and a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) media. In 2011 TV sports columnist Jim Williams of the "Washington Examiner" wrote that Sileo is "the best morning sports radio host in the country". In July 2012, Sileo was named to "Talkers Magazine" Top 100 SportsTalk Hosts in America at #32. He was also on the broadcast team for WFLA 970's broadcast of the Outback Bowl for four years. Sileo was hired by San Diego's


title: Calmness content: the face of a great deal of different stimulation, and possible distractions, especially emotional ones. The negative emotions are the greatest challenge to someone who is attempting to cultivate a calm mind. Some disciplines that promote and develop calmness are prayer, yoga, relaxation training, breath training, and meditation. Jon Kabat-Zinn states that “Concentration is a cornerstone of mindfulness practice. Your mindfulness will only be as robust as the capacity of your mind to be calm and stable. Without calmness, the mirror of mindfulness will have an agitated and choppy surface and will not be able to reflect things with any


title: Radika content: Radika The Radika (Macedonian and Serbian: , "Radika"; ) is a river in southern Kosovo and western Macedonia, a -long right tributary to the Black Drin river. The Radika proper is long, but measured from the most distant source in its watershed, that of the Crni Kamen river, it is long. The Crni Kamen (Cyrillic: Црни Камен; Albanian: Guri i zi, meaning "black stone") springs out from the northern slopes of the Vraca mountain, the southern extension of the Šar Mountains, under the "Golema Vraca" peak (). The 'Guri i Zi' 'Crni Kamen' originally flows westward, through the Gora region,


title: Radika content: bends around the Vraca and sharply turns to the south and empties into the Kosovo-Macedonian border river Kafa Kadis (Albanian: Qafa e Kadisë; Macedonian: Ќафа Кадис/Ḱafa Kadis; Serbian: Ћафа Кадис/Ćafa Kadis). The Kafa Kadis originates from the southern slopes of the Vraca mountain and northern slopes of the Mangulova Kula mountain, another extension of the Šar Mountains. It flows westwards, on the northern section of the mountain of Ničipurska planina ("Brodec" peak, still part of the Šar massif) and for several kilometers forms the Kosovo-Macedonian border. After it receives the Crni Kamen from the right and another stream coming from


title: Radika content: Kosovo, the Kafa Kadis turns south into the Macedonian proper again and from this point it is known as the Radika. Upper Radika is just long and due to the human managing of its course, it belongs to the Aegean Sea drainage basin, unlike the latter course of the Lower Radika which belongs to the Adriatic Sea drainage basin. It flows to the south between the mountains of Korab to the west and "Ničipurska planina" to the east. At the village of Volkovija, an artificial bifurcation is created, as the waters of the Upper Radika are conducted into the artificial


title: Radika content: Mavrovo Lake at the village of Mavrovi Anovi and from there, via the Mavrovo system of the hydroelectric power plants, into the Vardar river (in this bifurcational flow, it even receives a tributary, small stream of "Beličica" from the right). In the lower, -long section of the course, the Radika continues its general direction to the south. It carved a long and deep gorge between the mountains of Korab and Dešat on the west and Bistra (on the east). There are many interesting places along the Radika valley; including the villages of Velebrdo, Rostuša, Janče, Prisojnica, Skudrinje, the Saint Jovan


title: Radika content: Bigorski Monastery, the spa of Kosovratska banja (with sulphuric water, hot up to ) and the unique Alčija cave, formed in alabaster. Alabaster is abundant in the surrounding terrain and it has been extracted and treated for industrial and commercial use in the town of Debar. After the gorge, the Radika receives its major tributary, the Valovica river from the right and flows on the northern slopes of the Stogovo mountain. After the villages of Dolno Kosovrasti, Dolno Melničani, Gorenci and Rajčica, the Radika empties into the Black Drin, just south of Debar. The river Black Drin is one of


title: Radika content: tributaries of River Drin, while the next is White Drin that originate from Kosova. Actually, the lowest section of the river is floodbed by the artificial lake Debar on the Black Drin, becoming one of lake's bays. Overall, the Radika belongs to the Adriatic Sea drainage basin, drains an area of itself and it is not navigable. The Radika has huge possibilities for the hydroelectric power production, which is partially used in its upper course. Also, the river valley is the natural route for the major road in Western Macedonia which connects the regions of Polog and Ohrid. Notes: References:


title: "Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering & Technology" content: connected to each other through LAN and these are supported by a SUN server with EM 64T (extended Memory 64 bit Technology Intel Xeon processor) with 800 or higher MHz front side bus and hyper threading support. The systems are equipped with operating systems such as LINUX, UNIX, Solaris, Windows NT, Windows XP and software packages that include Java, Oracle 10i, Developer 2000, C++/C, Visual Basic, ASP, SQL Server etc. and open source software packages. The Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering was established in 1998. The department has a Microprocessor Lab. The Digital Electronics Lab is used for study


title: "Lolium perenne" content: Lolium perenne Lolium perenne, common name perennial ryegrass, English ryegrass, winter ryegrass, or ray grass, is a grass from the family Poaceae. It is native to Europe, Asia and northern Africa, but is widely cultivated and naturalised around the world. The plant is a low-growing, tufted, hairless grass, with a bunching (or tillering) growth habit. The leaves are dark green, smooth and glossy on the lower surface, with untoothed parallel sides and prominent parallel veins on the upper surface. The leaves are folded lengthwise in bud (unlike the rolled leaves of Italian ryegrass, "Lolium multiflorum") with a strong central keel,


title: "Lolium perenne" content: giving a flattened appearance. The ligule is very short and truncated and often difficult to see, and small white auricles grip the stem at the base of the leaf blade. Leaf sheaths at the base are usually tinged pink and hairless. Stems grow up to 90 cm. It has auricles. The inflorescence is unbranched, with spikelets on alternating sides edgeways-on to the stem. Each spikelet has only a single glume, on the side away from the stem, and between four and 14 florets without awns, unlike Italian ryegrass. The anthers are pale yellow, and the plant flowers from May to


title: "Lolium perenne" content: November. Perennial ryegrass has a fibrous root system, with thick main roots and thinner lateral branches. Roots are usually arbuscular mycorrhizal. Perennial ryegrass is native to southern Europe, the Middle East, North Africa and eastwards to central Asia. As a useful species of grass for fodder and grazing livestock, it has been taken by farmers settling in new areas including North America, South Africa and Australia. It can be used to prevent erosion and to stabilise soils, as well as creating a hardwearing turf for lawns and golf courses. With its great ability to set seed, its ease of germination


title: "Lolium perenne" content: and vigour, it has spread from the fields where it has been planted to roadsides, trackways, footpaths, wasteland, river banks and sand dunes. In countries where it has been introduced, it may be regarded as an invasive species that competes with native plants. Perennial ryegrass is an important pasture and forage plant, and is used in many pasture seed mixes. In fertile soil, it produces a high grass yield, and in Britain and Ireland, it is frequently sown for short-term ley grassland, often with red or white clover ("Trifolium"). In Britain, it is also used as an indicator of nonspecies-rich


title: "Lolium perenne" content: grassland, as it outcompetes the more rare plants and grasses, especially in fertile soils. Agri-environment schemes such as the Countryside Stewardship Scheme, Environmentally Sensitive Areas Scheme, and Environmental Stewardship give funding to species-rich grasslands that do not have an abundance of ryegrass. Selected seed mixes are used extensively for sports pitches, especially winter sports in temperate climates, because of its wear resistance and ability to regenerate. It is commonly used in the southwest United States to overseed winter lawns. Bermudagrass is a typical summertime grass in states such as Arizona, since it is able to withstand the high temperatures. However,


title: "Lolium perenne" content: bermudagrass goes dormant during the cooler winter months. Rather than have brown lawns, many homeowners, public areas, and golf courses overseed these lawns with perennial ryegrass in early to mid-September. It is also the grass used on the courts at the All England Lawn Tennis Club in Wimbledon. Since 2001, the courts have been sown with 100% perennial ryegrass to "improve durability and strengthen the sward to withstand better the increasing wear of the modern game". Italian ryegrass, "Lolium multiflorum", differs in the fact that each scale in the spikelet has a long bristle at the top. Its stem is


title: "Lolium perenne" content: also round rather than folded. Couch, "Elymus repens", has spikelets set on the broadside of the stem rather than edge on. Lolium perenne Lolium perenne, common name perennial ryegrass, English ryegrass, winter ryegrass, or ray grass, is a grass from the family Poaceae. It is native to Europe, Asia and northern Africa, but is widely cultivated and naturalised around the world. The plant is a low-growing, tufted, hairless grass, with a bunching (or tillering) growth habit. The leaves are dark green, smooth and glossy on the lower surface, with untoothed parallel sides and prominent parallel veins on the upper surface.


title: "Christian Terlizzi" content: U.C. Sampdoria, and Inter Milan respectively. In summer 2006, he was signed by U.C. Sampdoria in a co-ownership bid, for €1.5 million, along with Pietro Accardi (€2 million) and Massimo Bonanni (50% for €2 million), as part of the deal that saw Aimo Diana (€5 million) and Marco Pisano (€4 million) transfer in the opposite direction. Terlizzi made his Italy national team debut, and only international appearance, in a friendly match against Croatia, on 16 August 2006, together with Sampdoria teammates Giulio Falcone, Gennaro Delvecchio and Angelo Palombo, in a 0–2 loss under new manager Roberto Donadoni. For Sampdoria, however


title: "Undeveloped Buffy the Vampire Slayer spinoffs" content: become part of a series of <nowiki>[Buffyverse]</nowiki> DVDs". However, Whedon was then involved in his new TV series "Dollhouse" which ended in 2010 and comic book "Buffy Season 8". Whedon announced plans for a Ripper series as soon as Head left Buffy in 2001 to return to his home in England. Over the past eight years, the idea has evolved. At Comic Con 2007, Joss Whedon confirmed that talks were almost completed for a 90-minute "Ripper" special on the BBC, with both Head and the BBC completely on board. The development process was supposedly set to begin in 2008 and


title: "William T. Owen" content: After realising the Japanese had not occupied Kokoda, he led his men back into the village in an attempt to reopen its airfield to receive reinforcements and supplies. The aircraft dispatched to Kokoda were not able to land. The Japanese started attacking in force on the evening of 28 July. Owen was mortally wounded at 0300 hrs on the morning of 29 July 1942, as the Japanese stepped up their attacks on the dug-in Australians. He was shot just above the right eye while in his forward weapon pit. Taken back to a hut that was being used as an


title: "External degree" content: people in other cities, or to London students who had attended evening classes. In various UK towns university colleges were established, where students could study towards a London external degree. The colleges were among the "approved centres" for London's exams. Soon centres overseas were approved, starting with one in Mauritius in 1865. External degree An external degree is a degree offered by a university to students who have not been required to be physically present within the geographic territory of the institution. These undergraduates may be called "external students" and may study at classes unconnected with the university, or independently,


title: "LSU Tigers football" content: college football history took place. This game, however, would not be the classic that transpired only weeks before. Ole Miss dominated the game from start to finish and came away with a decisive 21–0 win over the Tigers. LSU finished the season having only given up 29 points. In the 1966 Cotton Bowl, unranked LSU upset undefeated and #2 ranked Arkansas, winning the game 14–7 and snapping Arkansas' 22-game winning streak. In 1972, No. 6 LSU survived an upset bid from unranked Ole Miss in Tiger Stadium by winning the game on a TD pass from QB Bert Jones to


title: "Mika Kallio" content: lap and slowly came home in an 11th place. He wrapped up the year to finish third overall with 196pts. It included three victories, three more podiums and two fastest laps, although he did not score a single pole position. On 19 October 2008, Kallio was announced as part of the new Pramac Racing lineup for 2009 in Moto GP alongside Italian Niccolò Canepa. Kallio was provided with the latest spec Ducati Desmosedici GP9 ensuring equality for the satellite teams and the factory squad. His MotoGP career started brightly with two eighth places from the opening two rounds at Qatar


title: "Carroll Shelby International" content: Carroll Shelby International Carroll Shelby International () was formed in 2003 from custom performance vehicle manufacturer Shelby American, when founder and owner Carroll Shelby took the company public, and additionally forming Shelby Automobiles as a subsidiary from which to continue manufacturing vehicles and parts. In 2009, "Shelby Automobiles" was officially renamed to "Shelby American", bringing back the original company name to celebrate the 45th anniversary of the 427 Cobra and GT350. Carroll Shelby Licensing is the second wholly owned subsidiary that forms Carroll Shelby International, which is based in Nevada. Shelby American manufactures component automobiles, including replicas of the small-block


title: "Roman conquest of the Iberian peninsula" content: of Hispania were unaware of the Roman victories and was still faithful to Carthage. The two men thought that moving their Hispanic troops to the further corner of Hispania or to Gaul would prevent the desertions caused by Scipio's generous treatment of the locals. Without waiting for approval by the Carthaginian senate they decided that Hasdrubal Barca must proceed to Italy, thus removing all the Hispanic soldiers out of Hispania and 'far beyond the spell of Scipio's name.' His army, weakened by losses and defections was to be brought back to full strength. Mago was to hand over his army


title: "Hydrangea arborescens" content: Hydrangea arborescens Hydrangea arborescens, commonly known as smooth hydrangea, wild hydrangea, or sevenbark, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae. It is a small- to medium-sized, deciduous shrub up to tall that is native to the eastern United States. Smooth hydrangea is widely distributed across the eastern United States—from southern New York to the panhandle of Florida, west to eastern Oklahoma and southeastern Kansas. It is mainly found in moist soils under a hardwood forest canopy and is often common along woodland road banks and streams. It is common in the Delaware River Valley and in the


title: "Hydrangea arborescens" content: Appalachian Mountains. At one time both ashy hydrangea ("Hydrangea cinerea") and silverleaf hydrangea ("Hydrangea radiata") were considered subspecies of smooth hydrangea. However, most taxonomists now consider them to be separate species. The inflorescence of smooth hydrangea is a corymb. The showy, sterile flowers are usually absent or if present they are usually less than 1 cm in diameter. Flowering occurs May to July. Fruit is a ribbed brown capsule about 2 mm long; many are produced. The leaves of smooth hydrangea are large (8 to 18 cm long), opposite, serrated, ovate, and deciduous. The lower leaf surface is glabrous or


title: "Hydrangea arborescens" content: with inconspicuous fine hairs, appearing green; trichomes of the lower surface are restricted to the midrib and major veins. The stem bark has a peculiar tendency to peel off in several successive thin layers with different colors, hence the common name "sevenbark". Smooth hydrangea can spread rapidly by stolons to form colonies. This attractive native shrub is often cultivated for ornamental use. 'Annabelle' is the best known cultivar of this species; it is one of the most cold hardy of the hydrangeas. In the UK it has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. The cultivar 'Grandiflora' has


title: "Hydrangea arborescens" content: flowers that resemble snowballs, similar to "Viburnum plicatum". Smooth hydrangea root was used medicinally by Native Americans, and later, by early settlers for treatment of kidney and bladder stones. Hydrangea arborescens Hydrangea arborescens, commonly known as smooth hydrangea, wild hydrangea, or sevenbark, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae. It is a small- to medium-sized, deciduous shrub up to tall that is native to the eastern United States. Smooth hydrangea is widely distributed across the eastern United States—from southern New York to the panhandle of Florida, west to eastern Oklahoma and southeastern Kansas. It is mainly found


title: "Fortress Forever" content: Fortress Forever would be released for download on Steam on March 27, 2015 and they did release as planned with version 2.5. On June 5, 2016, the latest version, version 2.6 was released. This was also the first major update (the first update with a version number) since the Steam release. Fortress Forever Fortress Forever is a multiplayer first-person shooter total conversion modification for "Half-Life 2". The game is based on Team Fortress Classic, but has been created entirely from scratch by the "Fortress Forever" development team. The intended scope of "Fortress Forever" is to please older "Team Fortress Classic"


title: "Culture of West Bengal" content: younger and professional women. Western-style dress has greater acceptance among men, although the traditional costumes like "dhoti", "panjabi", "kurta", "sherwani", "pyjama" and "lungi" are seen during weddings and major festivals. Like any other metropolis, Kolkata also has an eclectic mix of western wears with a tinge of ethnic wears. People are found dressed in jeans along with kurtas, or sari along with an overcoat. West Bengal shares its distinctive culinary tradition with neighbouring Bangladesh, and also borrows from other Indian states. Boiled rice and roti constitute the staple Bengali food, and is served with a variety of vegetables, fried as


title: Carrot content: Carrot The carrot ("Daucus carota" subsp. "sativus") is a root vegetable, usually orange in colour, though purple, black, red, white, and yellow cultivars exist. Carrots are a domesticated form of the wild carrot, "Daucus carota", native to Europe and southwestern Asia. The plant probably originated in Persia and was originally cultivated for its leaves and seeds. The most commonly eaten part of the plant is the taproot, although the stems and leaves are eaten as well. The domestic carrot has been selectively bred for its greatly enlarged, more palatable, less woody-textured taproot. The carrot is a biennial plant in the


title: Carrot content: umbellifer family Apiaceae. At first, it grows a rosette of leaves while building up the enlarged taproot. Fast-growing cultivars mature within three months (90 days) of sowing the seed, while slower-maturing cultivars are harvested four months later (120 days). The roots contain high quantities of alpha- and beta-carotene, and are a good source of vitamin K and vitamin B6, but the belief that eating carrots improves night vision is a myth put forward by the British in World War II to mislead the enemy about their military capabilities. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) reports that world production


title: Carrot content: of carrots and turnips (these plants are combined by the FAO) for the calendar year 2013 was 37.2 million tonnes; almost half (~45%) were grown in China. Carrots are widely used in many cuisines, especially in the preparation of salads, and carrot salads are a tradition in many regional cuisines. The word is first recorded in English circa 1530 and was borrowed from Middle French "carotte", itself from Late Latin "carōta", from Greek καρωτόν or "karōton", originally from the Indo-European root "*ker-" (horn), due to its horn-like shape. In Old English, carrots (typically white at the time) were not clearly


title: Carrot content: distinguished from parsnips: the two were collectively called "moru" or "more" (from Proto-Indo-European "*mork-" "edible root", cf. German "Möhre"). Various languages still use the same word for "carrot" as they do for "root"; e.g. Dutch "wortel". Both written history and molecular genetic studies indicate that the domestic carrot has a single origin in Central Asia. Its wild ancestors probably originated in Persia (regions of which are now Iran and Afghanistan), which remains the centre of diversity for the wild carrot "Daucus carota". A naturally occurring subspecies of the wild carrot was presumably bred selectively over the centuries to reduce bitterness,


title: Carrot content: increase sweetness and minimise the woody core; this process produced the familiar garden vegetable. When they were first cultivated, carrots were grown for their aromatic leaves and seeds rather than their roots. Carrot seeds have been found in Switzerland and Southern Germany dating back to 2000–3000 BC. Some close relatives of the carrot are still grown for their leaves and seeds, such as parsley, cilantro, coriander, fennel, anise, dill and cumin. The first mention of the root in classical sources is from the 1st century AD; the Romans ate a root vegetable called "pastinaca", which may have been either the


title: Carrot content: carrot or the closely related parsnip. The plant is depicted and described in the Eastern Roman Juliana Anicia Codex, a 6th-century AD Constantinopolitan copy of the Greek physician Dioscorides' 1st-century pharmacopoeia of herbs and medicines, De Materia Medica. Three different types of carrots are depicted, and the text states that "the root can be cooked and eaten". The plant was introduced into Spain by the Moors in the 8th century. In the 10th century, roots from West Asia, India and Europe were purple. The modern carrot originated in Afghanistan at about this time. The 11th-century Jewish scholar Simeon Seth describes


title: Carrot content: both red and yellow carrots, as does the 12th-century Arab-Andalusian agriculturist, Ibn al-'Awwam. Cultivated carrots appeared in China in the 14th century, and in Japan in the 18th century. There are many claims that Dutch growers created orange carrots in the 17th century to honor the Dutch flag at the time. Other authorities argue these claims lack convincing evidence. Modern carrots were described at about this time by the English antiquary John Aubrey (1626–1697): "Carrots were first sown at Beckington in Somersetshire. Some very old Man there [in 1668] did remember their first bringing hither." European settlers introduced the carrot


title: Carrot content: to colonial America in the 17th century. Outwardly purple carrots, still orange on the inside, were sold in British stores beginning in 2002. "Daucus carota" is a biennial plant. In the first year, its rosette of leaves produces large amounts of sugars, which are stored in the taproot to provide energy for the plant to flower in the second year. Soon after germination, carrot seedlings show a distinct demarcation between taproot and stem: the stem is thicker and lacks lateral roots. At the upper end of the stem is the seed leaf. The first true leaf appears about 10–15 days


title: Carrot content: after germination. Subsequent leaves are alternate (with a single leaf attached to a node), spirally arranged, and pinnately compound, with leaf bases sheathing the stem. As the plant grows, the bases of the seed leaves, near the taproot, are pushed apart. The stem, located just above the ground, is compressed and the internodes are not distinct. When the seed stalk elongates for flowering, the tip of the stem narrows and becomes pointed, and the stem extends upward to become a highly branched inflorescence up to tall. Most of the taproot consists of a pulpy outer cortex (phloem) and an inner


title: Carrot content: core (xylem). High-quality carrots have a large proportion of cortex compared to core. Although a completely xylem-free carrot is not possible, some cultivars have small and deeply pigmented cores; the taproot can appear to lack a core when the colour of the cortex and core are similar in intensity. Taproots are typically long and conical, although cylindrical and nearly-spherical cultivars are available. The root diameter can range from to as much as at the widest part. The root length ranges from , although most are between . Flower development begins when the flat meristem changes from producing leaves to an


title: Carrot content: uplifted, conical meristem capable of producing stem elongation and a cluster of flowers. The cluster is a compound umbel, and each umbel contains several smaller umbels (umbellets). The first (primary) umbel occurs at the end of the main floral stem; smaller secondary umbels grow from the main branch, and these further branch into third, fourth, and even later-flowering umbels. A large, primary umbel can contain up to 50 umbellets, each of which may have as many as 50 flowers; subsequent umbels have fewer flowers. Individual flowers are small and white, sometimes with a light green or yellow tint. They consist


title: Carrot content: of five petals, five stamens, and an entire calyx. The stamens usually split and fall off before the stigma becomes receptive to receive pollen. The stamens of the brown, male, sterile flowers degenerate and shrivel before the flower fully opens. In the other type of male sterile flower, the stamens are replaced by petals, and these petals do not fall off. A nectar-containing disc is present on the upper surface of the carpels. Flowers change sex in their development, so the stamens release their pollen before the stigma of the same flower is receptive. The arrangement is centripetal, meaning the


title: Carrot content: oldest flowers are near the edge and the youngest flowers are in the center. Flowers usually first open at the outer edge of the primary umbel, followed about a week later on the secondary umbels, and then in subsequent weeks in higher-order umbels. The usual flowering period of individual umbels is 7 to 10 days, so a plant can be in the process of flowering for 30–50 days. The distinctive umbels and floral nectaries attract pollinating insects. After fertilization and as seeds develop, the outer umbellets of an umbel bend inward causing the umbel shape to change from slightly convex


title: Carrot content: or fairly flat to concave, and when cupped it resembles a bird's nest. The fruit that develops is a schizocarp consisting of two mericarps; each mericarp is a true seed. The paired mericarps are easily separated when they are dry. Premature separation (shattering) before harvest is undesirable because it can result in seed loss. Mature seeds are flattened on the commissural side that faced the septum of the ovary. The flattened side has five longitudinal ribs. The bristly hairs that protrude from some ribs are usually removed by abrasion during milling and cleaning. Seeds also contain oil ducts and canals.


title: Carrot content: Seeds vary somewhat in size, ranging from less than 500 to more than 1000 seeds per gram. The carrot is a diploid species, and has nine relatively short, uniform-length chromosomes (2"n"=18). The genome size is estimated to be 473 mega base pairs, which is four times larger than "Arabidopsis thaliana", one-fifth the size of the maize genome, and about the same size as the rice genome. Polyacetylenes can be found in Apiaceae vegetables like carrots where they show cytotoxic activities. Falcarinol and falcarindiol ("cis"-heptadeca-1,9-diene-4,6-diyne-3,8-diol) are such compounds. This latter compound shows antifungal activity towards "Mycocentrospora acerina" and "Cladosporium cladosporioides". Falcarindiol


title: Carrot content: is the main compound responsible for bitterness in carrots. Other compounds such as pyrrolidine (present in the leaves), 6-hydroxymellein, 6-methoxymellein, eugenin, 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde (gazarin) or (Z)-3-acetoxy-heptadeca-1,9-diene-4,6-diin-8-ol (falcarindiol 3-acetate) can also be found in carrot. Carrots are grown from seed and can take up to four months (120 days) to mature, but most cultivars mature within 70 to 80 days under the right conditions. They grow best in full sun but tolerate some shade. The optimum temperature is . The ideal soil is deep, loose and well-drained, sandy or loamy, with a pH of 6.3 to 6.8. Fertilizer should be applied according


title: Carrot content: to soil type because the crop requires low levels of nitrogen, moderate phosphate and high potash. Rich or rocky soils should be avoided, as these will cause the roots to become hairy and/or misshapen. Irrigation is applied when needed to keep the soil moist. After sprouting, the crop is eventually thinned to a spacing of and weeded to prevent competition beneath the soil. There are several diseases that can reduce the yield and market value of carrots. The most devastating carrot disease is "Alternaria" leaf blight, which has been known to eradicate entire crops. A bacterial leaf blight caused by


title: Carrot content: "Xanthomonas campestris" can also be destructive in warm, humid areas. Root knot nematodes ("Meloidogyne" species) can cause stubby or forked roots, or galls. Cavity spot, caused by the oomycetes "Pythium violae" and "Pythium sulcatum", results in irregularly shaped, depressed lesions on the taproots. Physical damage can also reduce the value of carrot crops. The two main forms of damage are splitting, whereby a longitudinal crack develops during growth that can be a few centimetres to the entire length of the root, and breaking, which occurs postharvest. These disorders can affect over 30% of commercial crops. Factors associated with high levels


title: Carrot content: of splitting include wide plant spacing, early sowing, lengthy growth durations, and genotype. Carrots benefit from strongly scented companion plants. The pungent odour of onions, leeks and chives help repel the carrot root fly, and other vegetables that team well with carrots include lettuce, tomatoes and radishes, as well as the herbs rosemary and sage. Carrots thrive in the presence of caraway, coriander, chamomile, marigold and Swan River daisy. They can also be good companions for other plants; if left to flower, the carrot, like any umbellifer, attracts predatory wasps that kill many garden pests. Carrot cultivars can be grouped


title: Carrot content: into two broad classes, eastern carrots and western carrots. A number of novelty cultivars have been bred for particular characteristics. "Eastern" (a European and American continent reference) carrots were domesticated in Persia (probably in the lands of modern-day Iran and Afghanistan within West Asia) during the 10th century, or possibly earlier. Specimens of the "eastern" carrot that survive to the present day are commonly purple or yellow, and often have branched roots. The purple colour common in these carrots comes from anthocyanin pigments. The western carrot emerged in the Netherlands in the 17th century, There is a popular belief that


title: Carrot content: its orange colour making it popular in those countries as an emblem of the House of Orange and the struggle for Dutch independence, although there is little evidence for this. The orange colour results from abundant carotenes in these cultivars. Western carrot cultivars are commonly classified by their root shape. The four general types are: One particular cultivar lacks the usual orange pigment due to carotene, owing its white colour to a recessive gene for tocopherol (vitamin E), but this cultivar and wild carrots do not provide nutritionally significant amounts of vitamin E. In 2016, world production of carrots (combined


title: Carrot content: with turnips) was 42.7 million tonnes, with China producing 48% of the world total (20.5 million tonnes, table). Other major producers were the European Union, Uzbekistan, Russia, the United States, and Ukraine. Carrots can be stored for several months in the refrigerator or over winter in a moist, cool place. For long term storage, unwashed carrots can be placed in a bucket between layers of sand, a 50/50 mix of sand and wood shavings, or in soil. A temperature range of 32 to 40 °F (0 to 5 °C) is best. Carrots can be eaten in a variety of ways.


title: Carrot content: Only 3 percent of the β-carotene in raw carrots is released during digestion: this can be improved to 39% by pulping, cooking and adding cooking oil. Alternatively they may be chopped and boiled, fried or steamed, and cooked in soups and stews, as well as baby and pet foods. A well-known dish is "carrots julienne". Together with onion and celery, carrots are one of the primary vegetables used in a "mirepoix" to make various broths. The greens are edible as a leaf vegetable, but are rarely eaten by humans; some sources suggest that the greens contain toxic alkaloids. When used