title: "Magnolia tripetala" content: large red style, which later develops into a red fruit (an aril) 10 cm long, containing several red seeds. These trees are attractive and easy to grow. The leaves turn yellow in the autumn. The leaves are clustered at the tip of the stem with very short internodes. The tree has reddish cone-shaped fruit, is shade tolerant, has shallow spreading roots, and is pollinated by beetles. The largest known "Magnolia tripetala" is 15.2m in height with a trunk diameter of 87 cm in Bucks County, Pennsylvania. Magnolia tripetala Magnolia tripetala, commonly called umbrella magnolia or simply umbrella-tree, is a deciduous


title: Rhombomere content: properties such as mediolateral location. Reticulospinal neurons also occupy different areas in rhombomeres in different species. It was found in one study that reticular neurons in the lamprey hindbrain, which included isthmic, bulbar, and Mauthner cells, developed in conserved rhombomere-specific positions, similar to those in the zebrafish. In different species, however, reticulospinal neurons occupy different areas in rhombomeres. The trigeminal and facial motor nuclei were also shown to not correlate well with the rhombomere boundaries in the lamprey. Several studies have shown that the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) is secreted from the midbrain-rhombomere 1 boundary. These proteins instruct cell behavior


title: "It's a Shame About Ray" content: It's a Shame About Ray It's a Shame About Ray is the fifth album by American alternative rock band The Lemonheads. It was released on June 2, 1992. Tom Morgan of Australian band Smudge helped author the album, The Robb Brothers produced, and Juliana Hatfield played bass and sang backing vocals on some songs. The title track was inspired partially by band leader Evan Dando seeing the line, "It's a shame about Ray" in a Sydney newspaper article about something that happened to a child named Ray. "It's a Shame about Ray" was a big international hit for the band,


title: "Vile (editor)" content: widespread adoption in the others. For example, multiple windows were early features in vile (and xvi) from the start. The same applies to reading from pipes, complex fences. Some of this is brought out in the O'Reilly book, though no careful study has been made of the way in which features are adopted and adapted across the "vi" and "emacs" variants. vile supports command completion for several elements of a command: the command-name, file-name, directory-name, and mode values. Both vi and emacs have modes, which are settings which affect the behavior of the program. vile extends the vi modes such


title: "Café del Mar" content: end of the 1980s. Starting circa 1994, Café del Mar compilation CDs have been released by various labels. In 1999, the owner of the cafe founded the Café del Mar Music label. As of April 2017 a total of twenty-two volumes of the main compilation series have been published. Café del Mar compilations contain music by Pat Metheny, A. R. Rahman, Moby, Jean Michel Jarre, Chicane, Underworld, Afterlife - Steve Miller, and Thomas Newman. Café del Mar Café del Mar (, ; "Sea Café") is a bar located in Sant Antoni de Portmany, Ibiza, established in 1980. In 1999, it


title: "Buffalo River (New York)" content: during the Beaver Wars. In the spring of 1780, the British established an Indian village on Buffalo Creek for the mostly Seneca people who had been forced off their lands by the destructive Sullivan Expedition of 1779. They had fled to Fort Niagara for refuge with the British. After the war Buffalo Creek area was developed further as a Seneca settlement. On July 8, 1788, Oliver Phelps and Nathaniel Gorham met with Indians of the Five Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy (including Mohawks, Oneidas, Onandagas, Cayugas, and Senecas) at Buffalo Creek to execute a deed or treaty for rights to


title: "Shabby chic" content: that looks comfortable and inviting, and is usually associated as feminine. Masculine shabby chic would be "rustic", with deeper or richer colors, Rustic furniture using unfinished wood, denim, burlap, sailcloth and homespun. Variants of shabby chic style include: The style started in Great Britain and evokes the type of decoration found in large country houses where there are worn and faded old chintz sofas and curtains, old paintwork and unassuming "good" taste. The end result of shabby chic is to achieve an elegant overall effect, as opposed to the sentimentally cute Pop-Victorian. Recycling old furniture and fabrics is an important


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: Hyundai Tucson The Hyundai Tucson () is a compact crossover SUV produced by the South Korean manufacturer Hyundai since 2004. In the brand's lineup, the Tucson fits below the Santa Fe and Veracruz. It is named after the city of Tucson, Arizona. The first generation Tucson was launched in 2004. It shares its Elantra-based platform with the redesigned 2005 Kia Sportage. Later 2.0 CRDi models include variable geometry turbocharger. In the U.S., the 2.0 model, automatic is standard in Limited trim. Four-wheel drive models of the Tucson include a Borg-Warner torque controller system. In the U.S., the Tucson is offered


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: in base GLS, mid-line SE, and top-tier Limited (formerly LX) trim levels for 2007 models. Earlier 2005 and 2006 models were offered as GL/GLS/Limited. Standard equipment includes air conditioning, six airbags, electronic stability control, a CD player, alloy wheels, remote keyless entry, and premium cloth seats. The SE adds to the roster with contrasting gray body cladding, a different alloy design, an AM/FM/Cassette/CD as well as fog lights and a front windshield wiper de-icing grid. The Limited adds leather seating surfaces, a 6-disc in dash CD changer, body-colored cladding, automatic climate control, and heated seats. The SE and Limited are


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: only available with the 2.7 L V6. The GLS comes only with the 2.0-liter four-cylinder. The Tucson offers modest cargo space but its easy-to-fold seats can expand this volume so they lie flat. Even the front passenger seat folds flat for extra-long cargo. There are dual-stage frontal impact airbags, torso side-impact airbags built into the front seats, and curtain airbags for side-impact protection for front and rear passengers. 2009 Hyundai Tucson by the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) Changes for 2006 were minimal. The LX became the Limited and got color-coded cladding, automatic climate control, and a high-performance


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: sound system. The GLS retained the gray cladding but 'HYUNDAI' is no longer branded into the cladding on the front doors. The GLS also got improved cloth seats with the option of a heating element. Both GLS and Limited got redesigned alloy wheels. The base GL remained unchanged. Changes for 2007 were also minimal. The GL and GLS trims were renamed to GLS and SE, respectively, to match the standard for all new Hyundai vehicles. The SE comes with a sport utility rack, has 4 wheel drive, and is a 6 cylinder engine. 2009 Tucsons see minor restyling and trim


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: changes. The Tucson Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) is a test fuel cell vehicle for Hyundai's 2nd generation hydrogen fuel cell. The vehicle includes an 80 kW electric motor by Enova Systems of Torrance, California, UTC Fuel Cells by South Windsor, Connecticut, 152V battery co-developed by Hyundai Motor Co. and LG Chem in Seoul, Korea, hydrogen storage tanks developed by Dynetek Industries of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The vehicle has range of and top speed of . The vehicle was unveiled in 2005 at the Los Angeles Auto Show and completed a journey as part of the Hydrogen Road Tour in


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: 2008. It is a version of the 2.0 CRDi 6-speed manual 4WD for UK market. It included following: The vehicle has MSRP of £20,670. It is a version of the 2009 Tucson 2.0 GLS FWD model with premium Kenwood stereo system, a Garmin in-dash GPS system, a 2-way power sunroof, body color door handles and mirrors. The options cost $1,000. In Japan, it was sold as Hyundai JM. Until November 2009, the Japanese JM's were withdrawn from Japan because of failing to recognize parking spaces. Sold in Europe, but not EuroNCAP tested. A facelifted version of the first generation exclusive


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: to China was produced by Beijing Hyundai. The second generation Tucson was renamed to ix35 in China and later became an independent model while the Tucson name returned with the introduction of the third generation. The Hyundai Tucson received accolades from Canadian Car of the Year "Best New Crossover" award for 2005. The Tucson was named as one of the most reliable vehicles from the 2009 Consumer Reports reliability survey. In most markets outside South Korea and North America, the Hyundai Tucson name (also known as the "Hyundai Tucson ix" in Korea) was retired in favor of Hyundai ix35. Vehicles


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: sold in the U.S. continued to be called Tucson. The ix35 was unveiled at the 2009 Frankfurt Motor Show. The power output, fuel-efficiency, comfort and safety features have been all upgraded. Known by the project name LM, it took 36 months and 280 billion won (approx. US$225 million) to develop. In China, the first generation Tucson was sold alongside the ix35, and was replaced by the third generation Tucson directly while the ix35 spawned its own successor, the ix35 II. The Hyundai ix35 II was revealed on the 2017 Shanghai Auto Show in China; it was available to the Chinese


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: car market in Q3 2017. The ix35's styling was reported to be based on Hyundai ix-onic concept. The ix35 was penned by Hyundai designer Cha Il-Hoei in 2007, under the guidance of former BMW designer Thomas Buerkle at Hyundai's Russelsheim design studio in Germany and continues the company's styling language, marketed as "fluidic sculpture". The compact crossover vehicle has sweeping coupe-like lines, a premium vehicle feel and comes with features unavailable on its predecessor. The Tucson/ix35 is available with several engines: an all-new 2-liter diesel R engine, one of two Theta-II gasoline engine variants (2.0L or 2.4L), 1.7L UII diesel


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: and 1.6L Gamma GDI gasoline. The later two only in Europe. The automatic transmission is Hyundai’s all-new six-speed design. The manual transmissions available in Europe is a 6-speed for 1.7 and 2.0 diesels and 1.6 Gamma and a 5-speed for 2.0 Theta. The 2-liter diesel engine, available outside of North America, meets the Euro-5 emissions standards and achieves 6.5 liters per 100 kilometers fuel economy with maximum power output of 184 horsepower. The 2.0L gasoline engine has a fuel economy of 8.5 liters per 100 km with 166 horsepower. In South Korea, the diesel engine is offered in both front-wheel-drive


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: and all-wheel drive configurations, while the 2.0L gasoline engine is available only in front-wheel-drive. The North American versions are powered by either the 2.0L producing 165 horsepower or a 2.4-liter four-cylinder gasoline engine producing 176 horsepower mated to the six-speed automatic transmission. The 2.4L engine makes almost the same power as the previous generation V6 engine while managing 20% better fuel economy than the previous generation four-cylinder. The Tucson/ix35 sold in the U.S. came in three trims: GL, GLS and Limited, with All-Wheel Drive available for GLS and Limited trims. The GL comes with a standard manual transmission, but a


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: 6-speed automatic transmission is available and is standard on GLS and Limited. Features include available steering wheel-mounted audio controls, hands-free Bluetooth phone connectivity, navigation system, and a standard iPod interface system including iPod cable. An array of advanced safety equipment is standard, including Hillstart Assist Control and Downhill Brake Control. A Proximity Key and Push Button Start system is available in the Korean market but not the North American. The North American version uses a different gauge cluster design than the Korean version. 2014 model Tucson for North America have been upgraded with GDI direct injected theta-II engines that obtain


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: more power and better emissions, LED tail/head lights, more stylish alloy rim designs, and a few minor improvements to the interior/audio system. Pre-facelift styling Post-facelift styling The 2011 Tucson offered in the U.S. a new GL trim which replaces the 2010 GLS model as Tucson's base trim. The GL is powered by a new 2.0-liter 4-cylinder engine mated to either a five-speed manual or an available six-speed automatic transmission in order to obtain better fuel economy than the 2.4-liter engine. The 2011 GLS trim includes the features of the 2010 "Popular Equipment Package" and an automatic transmission as standard equipment.


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: Limited models now include standard electrochromatic mirrors with Homelink and has received Sachs dampeners to provide a smoother ride. The electronic stability control and motor driven power steering systems have been enhanced for improved performance. All AWD models now receive standard heated seats. This model was a prominent vehicle used by the survivors in The Walking Dead (TV series). Some of the notable features of Tucson are as follows: The second-generation Hyundai Tucson earned 'Top Safety Pick' award from Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) in the U.S. On February 17, 2015, Hyundai released the first details about its next-generation


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: Tucson ahead of the crossover's official debut at the Geneva Motor Show on March 3, 2015. This model arrived in showrooms in the second half of 2015, as a 2016 model year, and for the first time will use the Tucson name in all markets where it is sold. During the Geneva show Hyundai also unveiled two concept variants, a Tucson hybrid electric and a diesel-powered plug-in hybrid. The 48V Hybrid combines a 2.0-liter diesel model with 134 hp (100 kW) and a six-speed manual transmission along with a 14 hp (10 kW) electric motor; combined system performance is 148


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: hp (110 kW) and 413 N·m (305 lb-ft) of torque. This boosts system power by 10% while emitting only 109 g/km . The concept plug-in-hybrid is also based on the all-new Tucson platform, is equipped with a 1.7-liter diesel engine and a seven-speed dual-clutch transmission. The engine generates 113 hp (85 kW) and is accompanied by a 67 hp (50 kW) electric motor and a 10.7 kWh lithium-ion polymer battery, which delivers an all-electric range of more than . Combined system output is a maximum of 180 hp (135 kW) with 474 N·m (350 lb-ft) of torque, with estimated emissions


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: of less than 48 g/km. As per Hyundai's website, the U.S.-spec Hyundai Tucson is available in the following trim levels, each offering a plentiful array of standard equipment: The SE serves as the base trim level of the Tucson, replacing the previously available GLS trim level, which is being discontinued and replaced by the SE trim level on all new Hyundai models. Standard equipment includes a 2.0L GDi I4 engine, a 6-Speed Shift-Tronic automatic transmission, seventeen-inch (17") alloy wheels with P225/60HR17 tires, exterior-colored side-view mirrors and door handles, front solar-tinted and rear privacy glass, a five-inch (5") touch-screen audio system


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: (an A/M-F/M radio, SiriusXM Satellite Radio, a single-disc CD/MP3 player, a full-color touch-screen display, full voice command, and Bluetooth for phone and audio, as well as USB and iPod integration with 3.5-millimeter auxiliary audio input jack), a rearview backup camera, YES Essentials cloth seating surfaces, a 6-way manually adjustable driver's seat with height adjustment, a 3.5-inch (3.5") monochromatic center instrument cluster display screen, a tilt-and-telescoping steering wheel, and air conditioning. The Night serves as an "enhanced" trim level of the Tucson, and is a new trim level for the Tucson. It adds these standard features to the base SE trim


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: level: a 1.6L Turbocharged Inline Four-Cylinder (I4) engine, a 7-Speed Dual-Clutch Transmission (DCT), premium front and rear fascias, a chrome dual-tipped exhaust system, dual side-view mirrors with integrated turn signals, LED daytime running lamps (DRL's), halogen front fog lamps, roof rack side rails, metallic-painted roof side rails, a power driver's seat with power lumbar support, a driver's automatic up/down power window, dual illuminated vanity mirrors, an illuminated glove compartment, chrome pedals, deep tinted windows, a "hands-free" proximity-sensing tailgate with automatic opening functionality, proximity key with push-button start, illuminated door handles (on later-built models), Blind-Spot Monitoring (BSM) with Rear Cross-Traffic Alert


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: (RCTA), Lane Change Assist (LCA), heated front seats, a leather-wrapped steering wheel and transmission shift lever, a panoramic sunroof, and 19" Rays Engineering Versus Matte Black Rims. The Eco serves as the "eco-friendly" trim level of the Tucson, and is a new trim level for the Tucson. It adds these standard features to the base SE trim level: a 1.6L Turbocharged Inline Four-Cylinder (I4) engine, a 7-Speed Dual-Clutch Transmission (DCT), premium front and rear fascias, a chrome dual-tipped exhaust system, dual side-view mirrors with integrated turn signals, LED daytime running lamps (DRL's), halogen front fog lamps, roof rack side rails,


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: metallic-painted roof side rails, a power driver's seat with power lumbar support, a driver's automatic up/down power window, dual illuminated vanity mirrors, an illuminated glove compartment, and an Eco emblem on the tailgate. The Sport serves as the "sporty" trim level of the Tucson, and is a new trim level for the Tucson. It adds these features to the "eco-friendly" Eco trim level: nineteen-inch (19") Sport alloy wheels with P245/45HR19 tires, a "hands-free" proximity-sensing tailgate with automatic opening functionality, proximity key with push-button start, illuminated door handles (on later-built models), Blind-Spot Monitoring (BSM) with Rear Cross-Traffic Alert (RCTA), Lane Change


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: Assist (LCA), heated front seats, a leather-wrapped steering wheel and transmission shift lever, and a Sport emblem on the tailgate. The SE Plus trim level was introduced later in the 2017 model year for the U.S. market. The SE Plus mates the base SE drivetrain with many of the features of the Limited trim. Equipment includes a 2.0L Gasoline Direct-Injection (GDi) Inline Four-Cylinder (I4) engine, a 6-Speed Shift-Tronic Automatic transmission, seventeen-inch (17") alloy wheels with P225/60HR17 tires, exterior-colored side-view mirrors and door handles, front solar-tinted and rear privacy glass, 8-way power driver's seat with power lumbar support, leather-trimmed seating surfaces,


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: 8-way power passenger seat, 8-inch touchscreen navigation system with HD Radio, SiriusXM Satellite Radio, Android Auto and Apple CarPlay, Infinity Premium Audio with Clari-Fi Music Restoration Technology and 8 speakers, dual automatic temperature control with CleanAir Ionizer and auto defogger, proximity key entry with push button start, door handle LED approach lights, Blind Spot Detection (BSD) with Rear Cross-traffic Alert (RCTA) and Lane Change Assist, side mirrors with turn-signal indicators, leather-wrapped steering wheel and shift knob, heated front seats, floor console-mounted rear air conditioning vents, premium instrument panel and door panels, Blue Link Connected Car System, auto-dimming inside rearview mirror


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: and compass, HomeLink integrated transceiver, shark-fin roof antenna. The Limited remains the top-of-the-line trim level for the Tucson. It adds these features to the "sporty" Sport trim level: LED low-beam headlamps and tail lamps, a chrome grille and door handles, a "Shark-Fin" roof-mounted antenna, leather-trimmed seating surfaces, a power passenger's seat, an eight-inch (8") touch-screen audio system (an A/M-F/M radio with HD Radio, a single-disc CD/MP3 player, SiriusXM Satellite Radio, a full color touch-screen display, full voice command, Bluetooth for phone and audio, Apple CarPlay and Android Auto functionality, as well as USB and iPod integration with 3.5-millimeter auxiliary audio


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: input jack, with GPS navigation), an 8-speaker premium audio system with external amplifier and subwoofer, a dual-zone automatic climate control system with CleanAir ionizer and automatic defogger, floor-mounted rear air and heat vents, premium door sill trim plates, premium interior surfaces (instrument panel, driver's console side panel, and door panels), the Hyundai Blue Link telematics system, a HomeLink transmitter, an automatic-dimming rearview mirror with integrated compass, and a Limited emblem on the tailgate. The third-generation 2016 Hyundai Tucson is available with two engine choices in North America: The Tucson offers two transmission options in North America: Both engines and transmissions


title: "Hyundai Tucson" content: are available with either Front-Wheel-Drive (FWD), or All-Wheel-Drive (AWD). At the 2018 New York Auto show, the Hyundai Tucson revealed a new facelift. Changes included a new cascade grille, headlight, new tailgate design and a major interior update. The manual transmission was dropped and the 6 speed automatic was available with either Front-Wheel-Drive (FWD) or All-Wheel-Drive (AWD). The 1.6 Liter l-4 turbocharged engine was removed from the powertrain list, leaving the 2.4 Liter l-4 which produces 181 hp and 175 lb-ft (237 N.M). Pre-facelift styling Post-facelift styling Hyundai Tucson The Hyundai Tucson () is a compact crossover SUV produced by


title: "Apple Type Services for Unicode Imaging" content: Apple Type Services for Unicode Imaging The Apple Type Services for Unicode Imaging (ATSUI) is the set of services for rendering Unicode-encoded text introduced in Mac OS 8.5 and carried forward into Mac OS X. It replaced the WorldScript engine for legacy encodings. ATSUI was replaced by a faster and modern Unicode imaging engine called Core Text in Mac OS X 10.5 (Leopard). The framework was officially deprecated with Xcode 4.6, which was released in December 2012: "Source code using ATS APIs will generate warnings while being compiled. For 10.8, there will be no loss of functionality but there could


title: "48th Fighter Wing" content: for its fourth Air Force Outstanding Unit Award. In the early 1980s the wing struggled with aircraft shortages. Primarily, this resulted from the upgrade to the Pave Tack, a laser guided weapons delivery system. Each aircraft had to process through the upgrade facility at the Air Logistics Center in California. At the same time, the wing had to deal with supply shortages resulting from years of reduced military budgets in the late 1970s. By the mid-1980s the "Red Scare" was not the only American fear for national security; terrorists struck targets from bombing of US Marines in Beirut to Berlin,


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: Chevrolet Malibu The Chevrolet Malibu is a mid-size car manufactured and marketed by Chevrolet from 1964 to 1983 and since 1997. The Malibu began as a trim-level of the Chevrolet Chevelle, becoming its own model line in 1978. Originally a rear-wheel-drive intermediate, GM revived the Malibu nameplate as a front-wheel-drive car in 1997. Named after coastal community of Malibu, California, the Malibu was marketed primarily in North America, with the eighth generation introduced globally. The first Malibu was a top-line subseries of the mid-sized Chevrolet Chevelle from 1964 to 1972. Malibus were generally available in a full range of bodystyles


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: including a four-door sedan, two-door Sport Coupe hardtop, convertible and two-seat station wagon. Interiors were more lavish than lesser Chevelle 300 and 300 Deluxe models thanks to patterned cloth and vinyl upholstery (all-vinyl in convertibles and station wagons), deep-twist carpeting, deluxe steering wheel and other items. The Malibu SS was available only as a two-door Sport Coupe hardtop or convertible and added bucket seats, center console (with optional four-speed manual or Powerglide transmissions), engine gauges and special wheelcovers, and offered with any six-cylinder or V8 engine offered in other Chevelles - with the top option being a in 1964. For


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: 1965, Malibus and other Chevelles received new grilles and revised tail sections and had the exhaust pipes replaced but carried over the same basic styling and bodystyles from 1964. The Malibu and Malibu SS models continued as before with the SS featuring a blacked-out grille and special wheelcovers. Top engine option was now a V8. The Malibu SS was replaced in 1966 by a new Chevelle SS-396 series that included a big-block V8 engine (Canadian market did not receive the SS396 but marketed the former Malibu SS nameplate until January 1967 when it was phased out), heavy duty suspension and


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: other performance equipment. Other SS-396 equipment was similar to Malibu Sport Coupes and convertibles including an all-vinyl bench seat. Bucket seats and console with floor shift were now optional on the SS and for 1966 with the SS now denoting a car with a big-block engine, the bucket seats became a new option on the regular Malibu Sport Coupe and convertible, upon which any six-cylinder or small-block V8 could be ordered. Also new for 1966 was the Chevelle Malibu four-door Sport Sedan hardtop. Styling revisions on all 1966 Chevelles including more rounded styling similar to the full-sized Chevrolets with sail


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: panels and tunneled rear windows featured on two-door hardtop coupes. For 1967, the same assortment of bodystyles were continued with styling changes similar to all other Chevelles including a new grille and revised tail section with taillights that wrapped around to the side. New this year was a Chevelle Malibu Concours station wagon with simulated woodgrain exterior side panel trim. Front disc brakes were a new option along with a stereo 8-track tape player. The same assortment of drivetrains carried over from 1966 with the top V8 dropped from . Malibus and all other Chevelles were completely restyled for 1968


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: with semi-fastback rooflines on two-door hardtops and wheelbases split to } on two-door models and 116 for four-door sedans and station wagons. Engine offerings included a new V8 rated at that replaced the V8 that had served as the base V8 since the Chevelle's introduction in 1964. Inside was a new instrument panel featuring round gauges in square pods similar to what would appear in Camaros the following year. New for 1968 was the Concours luxury option for Malibu sedans and coupes that included upgraded cloth or vinyl bench seats, carpeted lower door panels, woodgrain trim on dash and door


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: panels, a center console and floor shifter (only with the hardtop and convertible, which was shared with the SS396) and Concours nameplates. There was again a top-line Concours Estate wagon with simulated woodgrain trim that had the same interior and exterior appointments as the Malibu sedans. New grilles and rear decks with revised taillights highlighted the 1969 Malibus and other Chevelles. Instrument panels were revised and front seat headrests were now standard equipment due to federal safety mandate. The ignition switch moved from the instrument panel to the steering column and also doubled as a steering wheel lock. The 307


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: continued as the base V8, but the 327 engines were replaced by new V8s of . GM's three-speed Turbo Hydra-Matic transmission, previously only offered on SS-396 Chevelles (RPO M40), was now available on all models with all engines (THM400s were used with the 396 while the THM350 (RPO M38) first introduced with the Camaro and Nova) was phased in with the small blocks optioned, including the six-cylinder and small-block V8s which in previous years were only available with the two-speed Powerglide. A police package Chevelle 300 (pillared 4 door sedan) was available for the 1969 model year which came with


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: the L35 code 396 - it was built in few numbers when the Chrysler Corporation held the market for its law enforcement orders. Some 1964 and 1965 Chevelle 300s came with the BO7 police package but was powered with the inline six. For 1970, the Malibu was initially the only series of Chevelle offered, aside from the SS-396 and new SS-454, as the low-line 300 and 300 Deluxe models were discontinued for the American market (it continued in Canada until 1972), which also eliminated the two-door pillared coupes from the Chevelle lineup – which were never included in the Malibu


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: series. New grilles, rear decks with taillights moved into the bumper and revised Sport Coupe roofline highlighted this year's changes. The standard six-cylinder engine was punched up from to and , while the same assortment of V8s carried over with the addition of a , V8 on non-SS Chevelles. At mid-year, the Malibu was rejoined by lower-line Chevelle models that were simply called the base Chevelle in both four-door sedans and two-door hardtops. In 1971, Malibus and all other Chevelles got a new grille surrounded by single headlamps replacing the duals of previous years, and four round taillights similar to


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: Camaros and Corvettes were located in the bumper. All engines were detuned to use lower-octane unleaded gasoline this year per GM corporate policy as a first step toward the catalytic converter-equipped cars planned for 1975 and later models which would require no-lead fuel. Only new grilles highlighted the 1972 Malibu and other Chevelles. All bodystyles were carried over from 1971, but 1972 would be the final year for hardtops and convertibles as the redesigned Chevelles originally planned for this year, but delayed until 1973, would feature Colonnade styling with side pillars and frameless door windows. The 1972 Chevelle was also


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: ordered with the police package which used RPO 9C1 (which became the default SEO (service option) code for subsequent Chevrolet PPV packages). The Chevelle was redesigned for the 1973 model year. Models included the base Deluxe, mid-range Malibu & Malibu SS and the top-line Laguna. For 1974, the Deluxe was dropped, and the Malibu became the entry-level Chevelle. The Laguna trim package was replaced with the Malibu Classic that had the unusual arrangement for that time of 4 square headlights and made its way to the dealers in the 1976 model year, offering the Chevrolet built inline six 250 CID


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: as the base engine. The Laguna S-3 model was introduced to replace the SS, and continued through 1976. For the 1978 model year, the Malibu name, which had been the bestselling badge in the lineup, replaced the Chevelle name. This was Chevrolet's second downsized nameplate, following the lead of the 1977 Chevrolet Caprice. The new, more efficient platform was over a foot shorter and had shed compared to previous versions, yet offered increased trunk space, leg room, and head room. Only two trim levels were offered - Malibu and Malibu Classic. The Malibu Classic Landau series had a two-tone paint


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: job on the upper and lower body sections, and a vinyl top. This generation introduced the Chevrolet 90° V6 family of engines, with the 200 CID (3.3 L) V6 as the base engine for the all new 1978 Chevrolet Malibu, along with the 229 CID (3.8 L) V6 and the 305 CID (5.0 L) Chevy built V8 as options. The 200 and 229 engines were essentially a small block V-8, with one pair of cylinders lopped off. The front and rear bellhousing face were the same as the small V8. The 231 engine was a Buick product, and featured a


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: front distributor. Three bodystyles were produced (station wagon, sedan, and coupe), and the design was also used as the basis for the El Camino pickup truck with its own chassis. The sedan initially had a conservative six-window notchback roofline. This was in contrast to the unusual fastback rooflines adopted by Oldsmobile and Buick divisions which would later revert a more formal pillar style. To increase rear seat hip room (and encourage more orders for the high-profit air conditioner), the windows in the rear doors of four-door sedans were fixed, while the wagons had small moveable vents. With the rear window


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: regulators no longer required, Chevrolet was able to recess the door arm rests into the door cavity, resulting in a few extra inches of rear seat room. Customers complained about the lack of rear seat ventilation. No doubt this design contributed to the number of factory air conditioning units sold with the cars, to the benefit of General Motors and Chevrolet dealers. For the 1981 model year, sedans adopted a four-window profile and "formal" pillared upright roofline. The two-door coupe was last produced in this year, as the Monte Carlo assumed the market position held by the 2-door coupe. For


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: 1982 the Malibu was facelifted with more squared-off front styling marked by quad headlights with long, thin turn signals beneath them. The look was very reminiscent of the also recently facelifted Chevrolet Caprice. For 1983, Malibus gained a block-style "Malibu" badge on the front fenders to replace the cursive-style script located on the rear quarter panels of previous model years. The four-door Malibu was commonly used in fleet service, especially for law enforcement. After the Chevrolet Nova ceased production in 1979, the mid-sized 9C1 police version (not to be confused with the full-size Chevrolet Impala 9C1 which was also available)


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: was transferred to the Malibu, filling a void for the mid-sized police patrol cars. A 9C1-equipped Malibu with an LT-1 Z-28 Camaro engine driven by E. Pierce Marshall placed 13th of 47 in the 1979 Cannonball Baker Sea-To-Shining-Sea Memorial Trophy Dash, better known as the Cannonball Run. There was no factory Malibu SS option available on this generation. The SS only came in the El Camino. The rare,and striking, 1980 Malibu M80 was a dealer package for only North and South Carolina. It was mostly aimed at NASCAR fans who regularly traveled to Darlington Raceway. To this day, the number


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: actually produced is unknown; estimates place this around 1,901 cars. All M80s had to be white with dark blue bucket seats and center console interior. The base of the M80 was a two-door sport coupe equipped with the F41 Sport Suspension package and the normal V8 (140 hp) drive train. The M80 option added two dark blue skunk stripes on top and a lower door stripe with the M80 identification. The package also added front and rear spoilers and 1981 steel rally wheels (sourced from the 1980 Monte Carlo). In Mexico, General Motors produced this generation in the Ramos Arizpe


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: plant, which was sold during three years (1979 to 1981). Mexican versions came in three trim levels (Chevelle, Malibu and Malibu Classic) and two body styles (sedan and coupe) with the I6 as basic engine and the V8 as the optional; this engine was standard on Malibu Classic models during those three years. This was possible because the Mexican emissions regulations remained relatively free at the time. In 1981, General Motors of Canada in Oshawa produced a special order of 25,500 four-door Malibu sedans for Saddam Hussein's Iraqi government. The deal was reportedly worth well over $100 million to GMCL.


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: These special-order Malibus carried the unusual combination of GM's lowest-power carburated V6, the engine mated to three-speed transmission with a unique on-the-floor stick shifter. All of the cars were equipped with air conditioning, heavy duty cooling systems, AM/FM cassette decks, front bench seats, 200 km/h speedometers, tough tweed and vinyl upholstery and body-color stamped steel wheels with small "dog dish" hubcaps. However, only 13,000 units ever made it to Iraq, with the majority of the cars becoming taxis in Baghdad (once the cab-identifying orange paint was added to the front and rear fenders). With the remaining balance of about 12,500


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: additional Malibus either sitting on a dock in Halifax or awaiting port shipment in Oshawa, where they were built, the Iraqis suddenly cancelled the order in 1982. Excuses reportedly included various "quality concerns", including the inability of the local drivers to shift the finicky Saginaw manual transmission. This issue was eventually identified as being due to an apparent clutch release issue that eventually required on-site retrofitting by a crew of Canadian technicians sent to Iraq to support the infamous "Recall in the Desert". Later speculation was that the Iraqis were actually forced to back out for financial reasons, due to


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: their escalating hostilities with Iran requiring the immediate diversion of funds to support the Iraqi war effort. Then GM of Canada President Donald Hackworth was initially quoted as stating GMCL intended to still try to sell the Malibus overseas in other Middle East markets; however in the end, the orphaned "Iraqi Taxi" Malibus were all sold to the Canadian public at the greatly reduced price of about C$6,800. Over the years, they have acquired a low-key 'celebrity' status, sometimes being colloquially referred to as "Iraqibu". The Malibu was an extensively used body style in NASCAR competition from 1973 to 1983.


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: The Laguna S-3 variant, in particular, was successful during the 1975 through 1977 racing seasons, with Cale Yarborough wining 20 races in those years as well as winning the NASCAR championship one year. Because it was considered a limited edition model, NASCAR declared it ineligible for competition following the 1977 season, even though (given NASCARs three-year eligibility rule) it should have been allowed to run through 1979. Beginning in 1981, the downsized Malibu body style was eligible to run, but given its boxy shape, only one driver Dave Marcis ran it in 1981 and 1982, with one victory in a


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: rain-shortened Richmond 400 at Richmond in 1982, the independent driver's last win. The base V-6 engine for the 1978 Chevrolet Malibu developed just with optional upgrade to a V-6, or V-8. The largest and most powerful option was the V-8. Year Model Available Engines 78 = 200 V6 (95 hp), 231 (3.8 L) V6 (105 hp), 305 V8 (140 hp), 350 V8 (165 hp) 79 = 200 V6 (95 hp), 231 (3.8 L) V6 (115 hp), 267 V8 (125 hp), 305 V8 (140 hp), 350 V8 (165 hp) 80 = 229 V6 (110 hp), 231 (3.8 L) V6 (110 hp),


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: the Pontiac Grand Prix, Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme and Buick Regal. The Malibu Classic was last marketed in 1982; Malibus were produced as four-door sedans and as station wagons until 1983, at which time it was fully replaced by the front-wheel-drive Chevrolet Celebrity. Although the sedan and wagon were phased out, the El Camino utility, which shared styling with the Malibu, remained in production until 1987. A new front-wheel drive Malibu was introduced for the 1997 model year on an extended wheelbase version of the GM N platform shared with the Buick Skylark, Oldsmobile Achieva, Oldsmobile Alero, and Pontiac Grand Am


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: as a competitor to the perennial stalwarts the Honda Accord and Toyota Camry which were the best sellers in the midsize market. GM phased out the L platform Corsica/Beretta where a new midsize was introduced in the wake of GM phasing out its B platform (at this time the Chevrolet Lumina was the largest car). All N-body Malibus were produced at the Oklahoma City Assembly plant (after 2002 it was retooled to build the GMT360 SUVs) and the Wilmington Assembly plant (1997 to 1999), before moving production to Lansing, Michigan. The Wilmington plant was retooled to build the Saturn L-Series


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: in 1999. The Oldsmobile Cutlass was a rebadged, slightly more upscale version of the Malibu, produced from October 1996 – 1999. It was intended as a placeholder model to fill the gap left by the discontinuation of the aging Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera, before the all-new Alero arrived in 1999. The Malibu itself replaced the compact Chevrolet Corsica. Power came from a 2.4 L 150 hp (112 kW) I4 or 3.1 L 155 hp (116 kW) V6. The Malibu was "Motor Trend" magazine's Car of the Year for 1997; this was later criticized by "Car and Driver" in 2009, citing that


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: the Malibu was insufficiently distinguishable in terms of performance or interior quality to warrant such praise in hindsight. Standard features included four-wheel ABS brakes, hydraulic engine mounts and air conditioning. The 1997 to 1999 Malibus had a front grille with the Malibu logo in silver in the center; 2000 to 2003 models, and the Classic, had the blue Chevrolet emblem on the front grille. The 1997 to 2003 LS models were sometimes equipped with special gold-colored badges (the rear Malibu lettering and logo). When a new Malibu was introduced on the Epsilon platform for 2004, the N-body Malibu was renamed


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: Chevrolet Classic and remained in production for the 2004 and 2005 model years, being restricted to rental car companies and fleet orders. The 3.1 L V6 was updated in 2000 with a new power rating of 170 hp (127 kW), and the 2.4 L 4-cylinder was dropped after that year. However, a 4-cylinder was reintroduced in 2004 when the 2.2 L Ecotec was offered on the Classic. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency fuel mileage estimates for the 2.2 L Ecotec engine are -. The February 2002 issue of "HCI: Hot Compact & Imports" magazine featured the Chevrolet Malibu Cruiser concept that


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: GM Performance Division built for the SEMA show in 2001. The car was painted in "Sublime Lime" by BASF and featured a highly modified turbocharged 3500 SFI 60-degree V6 (producing at 5,000 rpm and of torque at 2,900 rpm), a 4T65-E four-speed transmission with overdrive, a set of 19x8-inch wheels by Evo wrapped in Toyo Proxes T1-S high-performance tires. Numerous interior modifications included a full-length custom center console, four black leather Sparco racing seats, and a Kenwood entertainment center (with radio, CD, DVD, TV, 10-disc changer and numerous amps and speakers). Exterior modifications included custom HID headlamps (both low and


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: high beams), "Altezza" style taillights, and a custom bodykit. Chevrolet produced the Cruiser as a concept, and it was therefore never available for purchase. Their intent was to attract younger buyers to the stock model and demonstrate that aftermarket modifications could be made. The Malibu name was moved to GM's new Epsilon platform based on the 2002 Opel Vectra C for 2004. The Epsilon-based Malibu came in two bodystyles, a standard 4-door sedan and a 5-door Malibu Maxx hatchback (the first mid-size Chevrolet hatchback since the 1989 Chevrolet Corsica). The Malibu Maxx has a fixed glass roof panel over the


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: rear seats with a retractable sunshade, and an optional glass panel sunroof over the front seats and was similar in execution to the Opel Signum, a large hatchback derived from the Vectra C. Base power for the sedan came from a 2.2 L Ecotec L61 I4 producing 144 hp (108 kW). "LS" and "LT" trim sedans and Maxx models originally came with a 3.5 L 201 hp (149 kW) High Value LX9 V6. The SS sedan and Maxx models were powered by the 3.9 L High Value LZ9 V6. For 2007, the LX9 was replaced with the LZ4 V6, which


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: in the Malibu produced 217 hp (162 kW). The L61 Ecotec was also updated for the 2007 model year with many improvements. A remote starter was also available, which was introduced on several other GM vehicles for 2004. This generation of the Malibu initially debuted with a front fascia design featuring a wide grille split horizontally by a prominent chrome bar that ran the entire width of the car, which was intended to make it resemble Chevrolet's trucks. However, for 2006, the front end was updated with more conventional styling: the chrome bar was removed, and the grille itself was


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: made smaller, bearing a resemblance to the grille on the previous Malibu. The car also added GM badges near the front doors. While the Malibu Maxx was discontinued after the 2007 model year, the Malibu sedan remained in production for fleet orders for the 2008 model year, known as the Malibu Classic. The cars themselves bear Malibu badges, unlike the past generation Classic. The Malibu Classic was only offered with the four-cylinder engine. A special "SS" trim was available on the Malibu and Malibu Maxx with the 3.9 L "LZ9" V6 from 2006 to 2007, developing and and channeled through


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: a 4T65-E four-speed automatic with Tap-Up/Tap-Down shifting, sport suspension with tower-to-tower brace, 18" alloy wheels, universal home remote transmitter, rear spoiler and hydraulic power steering. Changes to differentiate the SS from the lower trims include three-spoke, leather wrapped steering wheel with SS badge, chrome-trimmed instruments, sport cloth and leather seats, side skirts, chrome tip exhausts, more aggressive front and rear clips and fog lights. The Malibu was redesigned for the 2008 model year by Bryan Nesbitt, under the direction of GM Vice Chairman Robert Lutz—who was determined to make the nameplate competitive with Japanese mid-size cars. Extensive engineering and design


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: went into the remodel. This generation of Malibu came in many trim levels: the Base (2008 only) (1SB), the LS 1LS (or 1FL for fleet models 2011 and 2012), the LT 1LT (or 2FL for fleet models 2011 and 2012), the Hybrid (2008 and 2009 only), and the LTZ 1LZ. Only the top level LTZ trim package was fitted with clear brake light lenses with red LED lights, the balance of trim packages retaining red lenses with conventional brake light bulbs. The seventh generation Malibu is built on a revised version of the long-wheelbase Epsilon platform shared with the Saturn


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: Aura, the Opel Signum, and Pontiac G6. It is assembled in Kansas City, Kansas. Overall, it is three inches (76 mm) longer, with a six inches (152 mm) longer wheelbase. Interior room remains mid-size, like the previous Malibus, and has been decreased from to , despite having a longer wheelbase, although front legroom has increased from to . Rear legroom has decreased from to . The interior design was revised, with a selection of two-tone color combinations (brick and tan two-tone), telescoping steering wheel, higher-quality materials and a twin-cowl dash design. Drag (Cd) is at 0.33. The seventh generation Malibu


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: offered these engine choices: The 2.4 L I4 and 3.6 L V6 engine have aluminum blocks and heads, dual overhead cams, four valves per cylinder, twin balance shafts, and variable valve timing. The 3.5 L V6 has aluminum heads, an iron block, overhead valves, and limited variable valve timing. The 3.5 L V6 was offered as an upgrade for special-order fleet vehicles, to replace the Ecotec engine, and generally was not available for retail customers. The 3.5 L V6 was not available in the LTZ. The 3.5 L V6 with four-speed transmission has been the only drivetrain available in the


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: 2008, 2009, and 2010 models in Israel. Partway through the 2008 model year, the 2.4 L Ecotec was offered with a six-speed automatic transmission to improve performance and fuel economy. For 2009 models, the six-speed transmission mated to the 2.4 L 4-cylinder engine or the 217 horsepower 3.5 L V6 mated to the four-speed automatic were made available on the 1LT; the six-speed became standard on 2LT models the same year. The LS models were equipped with the four-speed transmission only. A manual transmission was not offered. All models are front-wheel-drive sedans. Chevrolet dropped the Malibu MAXX station wagon model.


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: Partway through the 2010 model year, the GM badges were removed from the front doors. OnStar was included on all Malibu models as standard equipment (excluding fleet vehicles, where this feature is optional). Six air bags were also standard on the seventh generation Malibu; two dual-stage front bags, two side-impact curtain air bags protecting the heads of both front and rear passengers, and two side-impact thorax bags mounted in the front seats. Traction control, electronic tire pressure monitoring system, four-wheel disc brakes, antilock brakes, and daytime running lamps were standard included safety features on all Malibus. GM's StabiliTrak brand electronic


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: stability control was standard on all models including the very base LS model. In 2011, the base LS 1LS Malibu gained more standard features, like Bluetooth technology with stereo audio playback capability, a remote USB and iPod/iPhone port, remote start, a security alarm, an upgraded OnStar system, power front driver's seat, chrome hubcap wheel covers, body-colored side mirrors with power adjustments and body-colored accents, a single wood dashboard accent, tinted windows, and a six-speed automatic transmission with overdrive and manual shift capabilities. The LT 1LT model lost its available eight-speaker Bose premium sound system. The LT 2LT got a package


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: that included a sunroof, leather power heated seats, and more convenience and comfort features. For 2011, the four-speed automatic transmission was dropped from the Malibu powertrain lineup. This same model year also saw the deletion of the steering wheel mounted paddle shifters on 6AT cars in favor of a selector mounted rocker switch for manual operation; no reason was ever given for the change. A BAS mild hybrid, with the base inline-4 like the Saturn Aura Green Line, was available offering an increased fuel economy of /, which for the 2009 model was increased to /. The Malibu hybrid was


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: dropped for the 2010 model year. The 2008 Malibu received critical praise from the automotive press, with "The New York Times" referring to it as being "like a super Accord, but from GM" and "Car and Driver" magazine declaring, "Camry, Beware." It also garnered high praise from "Motor Trend" magazine, being rated higher than the Honda Accord and Nissan Altima in the magazine's 2008 Car of The Year competition. Kelley Blue Book named it the "2008 best redesigned vehicle". Car and Driver stated that while it would not be "enough to steal the top-dog sales title from the perennial Honda


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: and Toyota mid-sizers", they noted "for the first time since Chevrolet revived the storied nameplate in 1997, it has enough of what it needs to sell in significant numbers to the public, not just rental fleets". Edmunds.com praised the Malibu's interior and exterior styling, quietness, and balance between ride and handling, while criticizing the thick C-pillars that obstruct the driver's view, the narrower chassis compared to other midsize cars (which reduces rear seating room and also lacks a center armrest) and lack of features such as dual-zone HVAC, Bluetooth compatibility, and keyless ignition. While Robert Cumberford, design critic at "Automobile"


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: magazine noted the interior of the platform-variant, the Saturn Aura featured cheap interior materials, he noted improved in the Malibu. Writers of various reviews for the 2008 Malibu believed Chevrolet would be getting back on track in quality and excitement in the mid-size segment after a history of ordinary, bland offerings, such as the Celebrity, Corsica, Lumina, and even the previous two generations of Malibu since its 1997 revival. In January 2008, the redesigned Malibu received the North American Car of the Year award at the North American International Auto Show in Detroit in voting among a panel of 50


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: automotive journalists in a field of entries, with the runners up being the 2008 Cadillac CTS and the 2008 Honda Accord. The Malibu's win marked the second straight year a car built on GM's Epsilon platform won the North American COTY award with the 2007 North American COTY award having gone to the 2007 Saturn Aura. Initial sales results were positive, with the Malibu joining the Cadillac CTS and Buick Enclave on a list of GM vehicles whose sales have exceeded expectations. The redesigned Malibu sold more than 50% more units in 2008 than in 2007, increasing GM's mid-size market


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: share to 8.4% from 5.7%, while the Camry and Accord percentages remained flat at about 21% and 17.5%, according to GM. Sales to rental customers dropped to 27% of the total, as GM limited sales to rental fleets. The short-lived Malibu Hybrid, along with its sister, the Saturn Aura Green Line, which share the powertrain and other major components, was particularly criticized due to its lack of fuel savings and cost (relative to a standard 4-cylinder Malibu), plus the Hybrid's worsened driving dynamics. On September 21, 2012. General Motors recalled 473,841 vehicles involving the Chevrolet Malibu, Pontiac G6 and Saturn


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: Aura from model years 2007 through 2010 equipped with four-speed automatic transmissions. The problem is a condition that could make cars roll when in park. The recall affected 426,240 in the United States, 40,029 in Canada and 7,572 in other markets. The 2013 Malibu moved to GM Epsilon II platform and debuted in Asia in late 2011, followed by North America in 2012. The new Malibu became a global vehicle, replacing both the North American Malibu and GM Korea vehicles previously sold around the world. The Malibu was unveiled as a show car simultaneously at Auto Shanghai in China (written


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: as "迈锐宝", Mai-Rui-Bao ), and on Facebook, on April 18, 2011. It was also shown at the New York International Auto Show in New York City later in April. The eighth generation Malibu was available in the trim levels LS 1LS (not available for fleet-ordered models), the LT 1LT (this is the base model for fleet-ordered models), the LT 2LT, the ECO 1SB, the ECO 2SA, and the LTZ 1LZ. Both ECO models officially went on sale in the spring of 2012, with the gas-only models following in late summer 2012. The Turbo models followed in early 2013. All models,


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: aside from the LS 1LS, were equipped with a large touch-screen display using Chevrolet's MyLink and offering Pandora Internet Radio playback capabilities via a USB cable and an iPhone 4, 4S, or 5. SiriusXM Travel Link was also included on all navigation-equipped Malibu models. The eighth generation Malibu was offered with four-cylinder engines and six-speed automatic transmissions. The European version is offered with a 2.4 L Ecotec engine, which uses an aluminum block and cylinder head and a 2.0 L Diesel (1,956 cc) VCDi developing 160 PS (120 kW) (this was the only engine available in Italy). The Middle-East version


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: was offered with the 2.4 L Ecotec engine. Also available was a 3.0 L V6 engine making 260 hp and 290NM, available on LTZ trim. The Australian market had two versions on offer: CD (2.4 L Otto) and CDX (2.0 L Diesel) The North American version was offered in 2.5L. Standard safety features on the eighth generation Malibu include dual-stage front airbags for the driver and front passenger, along with pelvic/thorax side-impact and knee airbags up front also. Roof rail airbags with rollover protection are standard. Also available as option extras are second-row head/thorax side-impact airbags, lane departure warning system


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: with forward collision alert and a rearview camera system. The eighth generation Malibu was sold in "nearly 100 countries on six continents". In the United States, it is manufactured in two plants, Fairfax, KS and Detroit-Hamtramck. In Australia and New Zealand, the Malibu replaced the Holden Epica, and made its debut in 2013 as the Holden Malibu. It was positioned between the Holden Cruze and Holden Commodore. In South Korea, the Malibu replaces the Daewoo Tosca, as GM has phased-out the Daewoo brand in favor of Chevrolet. Korea was the first market to get the Malibu, in late 2011, followed


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: by China later in 2011 and North America beginning in early 2012. The Malibu made its Middle Eastern debut in 2012 replacing the Holden VE Commodore based Lumina. In Europe, the Malibu replaced the Chevrolet Epica. The facelifted Malibu was never sold in Europe. In North America, the eighth generation Malibu continued to be sold in 2016 as the Malibu Limited as the next generation went on sale. It was mostly identical to the 2015 model, but only featured the 2013 I4 engine variant (LCV instead of LKW) with auto stop-start. In China, the eighth generation Malibu continues in production


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: alongside the ninth generation Malibu, which is known in China as the Malibu XL. It received a facelift in 2016 to match the current Chevy design language. A 1.5-liter engine was added for the model year 2017 onwards. In a March 2012 comparison test by Car and Driver, the “light electrification" Chevrolet Malibu Eco hybrid came in sixth place out of six cars. It should be noted that the Eco is not a Malibu LS, LT, or LTZ. The Malibu Eco was criticized for its reduced wheelbase, causing a 0.8" reduction in legroom for back seat passengers. The interior was


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: also criticized for being disappointing and cramped. The ride, however, was said to be smooth and quiet, with the only problem being the stiff steering. The 2014 Chevrolet Malibu received the highest score in its class from J.D. Power's 2014 Initial Quality Study. The IQS study "examines problems experienced by vehicle owners during the first 90 days of ownership." Eighteen months after the 2013 Malibu's debut, it received a mild refresh. The changes included additional technology, improved fuel economy, and a sportier front end that more closely matched the refreshed Chevrolet Traverse and the newly redesigned Chevrolet Impala. Chevrolet also


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: made some minor changes to the center console to deliver a longer, ostensibly more comfortable armrest, and replaced the former covered storage area with a pair of cup holders and two cell-phone bins. The Chinese model received a refreshed front end with revised headlights. Among the technology that Chevrolet debuted on the 2014 Malibu was a new six-speed transmission. Because the transmission was designed to reduce the energy required to pump transmission fluid, it contributed to fuel savings on the refreshed Malibu. In addition, for the first time in a non-hybrid GM vehicle, an engine stop/start system came standard with


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: the 2.5 L engine. EPA fuel-economy estimates showed an improvement to 25/36 mpg city/highway, up from the 2013 model's 22/34 for the base 2.5 L engine. The 2014 Malibu was available for purchase in late 2013. On April 1, 2015, Chevrolet unveiled a redesigned Malibu at the 2015 New York Auto Show, which went on sale in late 2015 as a 2016 model. The updated Malibu featured a sleeker, yet larger design similar to its full sized Impala. The wheelbase was increased almost four inches, creating more interior space; but the fuel efficiency is improved, as it is nearly 300


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: pounds lighter than the eighth generation model. The 2016 Malibu was offered in four trims: L, LS, LT, and Premier (replacing the LTZ trim). The Malibu features an all-new, LFV Ecotec 1.5L turbo that is standard, while a 2.0 L turbocharged engine is offered as an optional feature. No six-cylinders are offered from now. Other new features on the ninth-generation Malibu that were introduced for the 2016 model year include available OnStar 4G LTE in-vehicle connectivity, as well as available wireless phone charging, preventive safety technologies including ten standard air bags featuring forward collision avoidance system rear cross traffic alerts,


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: and an optional automatic parking assist. It features Forward Collision Alert with Following Distance Indicator, Adaptive Cruise Control with Front Automatic Braking, and Front Pedestrian Alert with last-second automatic braking. It is also installed with start-stop ignition once the engine is at operating temperature and the brake is applied while the vehicle is stopped. The 2016 Malibu features a first for the automotive industry, a teen driver feature, which allows parents to view their kids' driving statistics, such as maximum speed, warning alerts and more. To operate the vehicle a parent enables the feature with a PIN in the settings


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: menu of the Malibu's MyLink system, which allows them to register their teen's key fob. The system's settings are turned on only to registered key fobs. This technology also mutes the radio until the seat belts are buckled. The 2016 Malibu comes equipped with both Apple CarPlay and Android Auto Capability features. However, only one of their phone brands at any one time can be used. A few months ahead of the 2016 model arriving in dealerships, Chevrolet announced that the Malibu had hit a milestone, with more than 10 million sold worldwide since the car was introduced 51 years


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: earlier. China and South Korea are currently the only two countries outside of North America where the 2016 Malibu is sold. The ninth generation Malibu offers a full hybrid model for the first time, featuring a 1.8 L four-cylinder engine mated to a two-motor drive unit, providing additional power to assist the engine during acceleration for 182 horsepower of total system power. An Exhaust Gas Heat Recovery system allows the engine and cabin to warm up during winter conditions, while an 80-cell, 1.5 kWh lithium-ion battery pack provides electric power to the hybrid system, powering the Malibu Hybrid up to


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: on electricity alone, while the gasoline-powered engine automatically comes on at higher speeds and loads to provide additional power. The Malibu Hybrid uses a transmission ("two motor drive unit" in GM terms) similar to the second generation Chevrolet Volt, but a much smaller battery, no plug-in option and a different engine. The following table compares the fuel economy for all variants of the 2016 model year Malibu. Chevrolet updated the Malibu in 2018 for the 2019 model year. A new larger front grille, split by a chrome bar with the Chevrolet bow-tie, dominates the front, while the rear change is


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: less significant. The Premier trim adds LED headlamps while the L/LS/RS/LT/Hybrid trims maintain halogen headlamps. A new RS trim-line is added for a sportier appearance, with a black grille, unique 18-inch wheels, and dual exhaust. The touchscreen is replaced with the 8-inch Chevrolet Infotainment 3 in the L/LS/RS/LT trims and Chevrolet Infortainment 3 Plus with HD screen in the Hybrid and Premier trims. Heated Second Row Seats are added to the Premier trim. The standard 1.5 L engine is now paired with a CVT instead of the 6-speed automatic transmission. Safety features were also improved for the 2019 Malibu including


title: "Chevrolet Malibu" content: Low Speed Forward Automatic Braking, IntelliBeam high-beam assist headlamps and an semi-automated parking system. Chevrolet Malibu The Chevrolet Malibu is a mid-size car manufactured and marketed by Chevrolet from 1964 to 1983 and since 1997. The Malibu began as a trim-level of the Chevrolet Chevelle, becoming its own model line in 1978. Originally a rear-wheel-drive intermediate, GM revived the Malibu nameplate as a front-wheel-drive car in 1997. Named after coastal community of Malibu, California, the Malibu was marketed primarily in North America, with the eighth generation introduced globally. The first Malibu was a top-line subseries of the mid-sized Chevrolet Chevelle


title: "Iraq national football team" content: and won the 1989 Peace and Friendship Cup. Overall, Iraq won nine competitions in the 1980s and played in their only ever World Cup, leading many to believe that this was the Golden Era of Iraqi football. In 1990, Iraq withdrew from the 10th Arabian Gulf Cup after complaining about the referee in their match against the United Arab Emirates. Following the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait later that year, Iraq were kicked out of the tournament and didn't return until 2004. They were also banned from the Asian Games and Arab Nations Cup tournaments for the same reason, leading them


title: "Harpalus (crater)" content: Harpalus (crater) Harpalus is a young lunar impact crater that lies on the Mare Frigoris, at the eastern edge of the Sinus Roris. To the southeast at the edge of the mare is the small crater Foucault, and to the northwest on the opposite edge is the walled plain named South. The rim of Harpalus is sharp-edged with little sign of wear or erosion. The wall is not perfectly circular, and has a few outward notches and protrusions, especially along the eastern half. It is surrounded by an outer rampart of ejecta, most notably towards the north, and is at


title: "Raymond Damadian" content: late as 1982, there were a handful of MRI scanners in the entire United States; today there are thousands. In 1978, Damadian formed his own company, Fonar (which stood for "Field Focused Nuclear Magnetic Resonance"), for the production of MRI scanners, and in 1980, he produced the first commercial one. Damadian's "focused field" technology proved less effective than Lauterbur's gradient approach. His scanner, named "Indomitable," failed to sell. Fonar eventually abandoned Damadian's technique in favour of the methods adopted by Lauterbur and Mansfield. Damadian and Fonar enforced the royalties on patents held by Damadian. They settled with many large companies,


title: Wakame content: Wakame , "Undaria pinnatifida", is a species of edible seaweed, a type of marine algae, and a sea vegetable. It has a subtly sweet, but distinctive and strong flavour and texture. It is most often served in soups and salads. Sea farmers in Japan have grown "wakame" since the Nara period. , the Invasive Species Specialist Group has listed the species on its list of 100 worst globally invasive species. The name was derived from the Japanese name "wakame" (ワカメ, わかめ, 若布, 和布). In Old Japanese, "me" stood for edible seaweeds in general as opposed to "mo" standing for algae.


title: Wakame content: In kanji, such as 海藻, 軍布 and 和布 were applied to transcribe the word. Among seaweeds, wakame was likely most often eaten, therefore "me" especially meant wakame. It expanded later to other seaweeds like kajime, hirome (kombu), arame, etc. Wakame is derived from "waka" + "me" (若布, lit. young seaweed). If this "waka" is a eulogistic prefix, same as the "tama" of tamagushi, wakame likely stood for seaweeds widely in ancient ages. In Man'yōshū, in addition to 和可米 and 稚海藻 (both are read as "wakame"), "nigime" (和海藻, soft wakame) can be seen. Besides, "tamamo" (玉藻, lit. beautiful algae), which often


title: Wakame content: appeared in Man'yo-shu, may be wakame depending on poems. The earliest appearance in Western documents is probably in Nippo Jisho (1603), as "Vacame". In 1867 the word "wakame" appeared in an English-language publication, "A Japanese and English Dictionary", by James C. Hepburn. Starting in the 1960s, the word "wakame" started to be used widely in the United States, and the product (imported in dried form from Japan) became widely available at natural food stores and Asian-American grocery stores, due to the influence of the macrobiotic movement, and in the 1970s with the growing number of Japanese restaurants and sushi bars.


title: Wakame content: Studies conducted at Hokkaido University have found that a compound in wakame known as fucoxanthin can help burn fatty tissue. Studies in mice have shown that fucoxanthin induces expression of the fat-burning protein UCP1 that accumulates in fat tissue around the internal organs. Expression of UCP1 protein was significantly increased in mice fed fucoxanthin. Wakame is also used in topical beauty treatments. See also Fucoidan. Wakame is a rich source of eicosapentaenoic acid, an omega-3 fatty acid. At over 400 mg/(100 kcal) or almost 1 mg/kJ, it has one of the higher nutrient-to-energy ratios for this nutrient, and among the


title: Wakame content: very highest for a vegetarian source. A typical 10–20 g (1–2 tablespoon) serving of wakame contains roughly and provides 15–30 mg of omega-3 fatty acids. Wakame also has high levels of sodium, calcium, iodine, thiamine and niacin. In Oriental medicine it has been used for blood purification, intestinal strength, skin, hair, reproductive organs and menstrual regularity. In Korea, the soup miyeokguk is popularly consumed by women after giving birth as sea mustard ("miyeok") contains a high content of calcium and iodine, nutrients that are important for nursing new mothers. Many women consume it during the pregnancy phase as well. It


title: Wakame content: is also traditionally eaten on birthdays for this reason, a reminder of the first food that the mother has eaten and passed on to her newborn through her milk. Japanese and Korean sea-farmers have grown wakame for centuries, and are still both the leading producers and consumers. Wakame has also been cultivated in France since 1983, in sea fields established near the shores of Brittany. Wild grown wakame is harvested in Tasmania, Australia, and then sold in restaurants in Sydney and also sustainably hand-harvested from the waters of Foveaux Strait in Southland, New Zealand and freeze-dried for retail and use


title: Wakame content: in a range of products. Wakame fronds are green and have a subtly sweet flavour and satiny texture. The leaves should be cut into small pieces as they will expand during cooking. In Japan and Europe, wakame is distributed either dried or salted, and used in soups (particularly miso soup), and salads (tofu salad), or often simply as a side dish to tofu and a salad vegetable like cucumber. These dishes are typically dressed with soy sauce and vinegar/rice vinegar. Goma wakame, also known as seaweed salad, is a popular side dish at American and European sushi restaurants. Literally translated,


title: Wakame content: it means "sesame seaweed", as sesame seeds are usually included in the recipe. Native to cold temperate coastal areas of Japan, Korea, and China, in recent decades it has become established in temperate regions around the world, including New Zealand, the United States, Belgium, France, Great Britain, Spain, Italy, Argentina, Australia and Mexico. It was nominated one of the 100 worst invasive species in the world. "Undaria" is commonly initially introduced or recorded on artificial structures, where its r-selected growth strategy facilitates proliferation and spread to natural reef sites. Undaria populations make a significant but inconsistent contribution of food and


title: Wakame content: habitat to intertidal and subtidal reefs. "Undaria" invasion can cause changes to native community composition at all trophic levels. As well as increasing primary productivity, it can reduce the abundance and diversity of understory algal assemblages, out-compete some native macroalgal species and affect the abundance and composition of associated epibionts and macrofauna: including gastropods, crabs, urchins and fish. In New Zealand, "Undaria pinnatifida" was declared as an unwanted organism in 2000 under the Biosecurity Act 1993. It was first discovered in Wellington Harbour in 1987 and probably arrived as hull fouling on shipping or fishing vessels from Asia. Wakame is


title: Wakame content: now found around much of New Zealand, from Stewart Island to as far north as the subtropical waters of Karikari Peninsula. It spreads in two ways: naturally, through the millions of microscopic spores released by each fertile organism, and through human mediated spread, most commonly via hull fouling and with marine farming equipment. It is a highly successful and fertile species, which makes it a serious invader. However, its impacts are not well understood and vary depending on the location. Even though it is an invasive species, in 2012 the government allowed for the farming of wakame in Wellington, Marlborough


title: Wakame content: and Banks Peninsula. The sea plant has been found in several harbors in southern California. In May 2009 it was discovered in San Francisco Bay and aggressive efforts are underway to remove it before it spreads. Wakame , "Undaria pinnatifida", is a species of edible seaweed, a type of marine algae, and a sea vegetable. It has a subtly sweet, but distinctive and strong flavour and texture. It is most often served in soups and salads. Sea farmers in Japan have grown "wakame" since the Nara period. , the Invasive Species Specialist Group has listed the species on its list


title: Turnov content: town of Middle Ages urbanism is surrounded by modern garden neighbourhoods and large parks representing an organic connection between urban areas and nature. The region is well known for many castles, châteaux and excellent rural architecture. Turnov was founded as a Bohemian town in 1272 by Jaroslav and Havel of Markvartice on a spur of rock overlooking the Jizera River. A Dominican cloister was founded by Saint Zdislava, wife of Sir Havel. During the Middle Ages, Turnov came into the possession of the Wartenberg and Smiřický noble houses. The medieval town was frequently vulnerable to fires—it was burnt by Lusatian


title: "The Gutenberg Galaxy" content: our senses have gone outside us, Big Brother goes inside. So, unless aware of this dynamic, we shall at once move into a phase of panic terrors, exactly befitting a small world of tribal drums, total interdependence, and superimposed co-existence. [...] Terror is the normal state of any oral society, for in it everything affects everything all the time. [...] In our long striving to recover for the Western world a unity of sensibility and of thought and feeling we have no more been prepared to accept the tribal consequences of such unity than we were ready for the fragmentation


title: "Trondenes Church" content: Trondenes Church Trondenes Church () is the northernmost medieval stone church of Norway and the world's northernmost surviving medieval building. It is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Harstad Municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is located on the northern edge of the town of Harstad. It is the main church for the Trondenes parish which is part of the Trondenes prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland. The white, stone church was built in a long church style around the year 1435 by an unknown architect. The church seats about 300 people. Though frequently referred to


title: "Lady Shiva" content: even after receiving many blows. The death match is stopped when Black Canary rescues Sin herself and points out a technicality, they need not continue the battle to death immediately and can pick it up at any time in the future. In The New 52 (a 2011 reboot of the DC Comics universe), Lady Shiva appears in "Nightwing" #0. After she defeats Batman, Dick Grayson fights her in his debut as Robin with a costume composed of spare Bat costume parts. Lady Shiva easily defeats him and encourages him to stop living in Batman's shadow. In issue #13, she returns


title: Wincanton content: remnants of an earlier church, dating from 1313, on the same site. In 1793 the tower was raised by making it high; five bells were cast and a sixth added. The additional carving and north porch were added in subsequent years. The churchyard includes a self-designed monument to the local architect Nathaniel Ireson who died in 1796. Because of the state of the roofs, which are under repair, the church is included on the Heritage at Risk register. The Roman Catholic Church and Presbytery of St Luke and St Teresa was built in 1881 by the priest/architect A.J.C Scoles. There


title: "Rosicrucian Fellowship" content: first heaven. This transfer is done by the Spirit during the first three and one-half days (84 hours) after the rupture of the connection between the seed atom and the heart, ordinarily known as death: death is not complete until this transfer has been accomplished. During this time sensation is still present, and the Spirit suffers through inharmonious surroundings, including postmortem examination and embalming. Death should be prepared for with the greatest care, requiring a "post mortem interval", or preservation period, of the physical body for three and half days (84 hours), for life review purpose (in a pacific death;


title: Zahedan content: livestock feed, processed hides, milled rice, brick, reed mats and baskets. Zahedan is served by Zahedan International Airport. Highway 95 links Zahedan to Tehran and Mashhad in the north and the port of Bandar Chabahar on the Sea of Oman in the south, and Highway 84 to the Pakistani city of Quetta in the east and to Kerman in the west. For many years, a broad gauge railway line has extended from Zahedan railway station to Quetta railway station in Pakistan along the Quetta–Taftan Railway Line. More recently, a standard gauge line was completed from Zahedan to Kerman in central


title: "Scary Go Round" content: in 2002, led to the supernatural tone of "Scary Go Round". In a blog post dated 9 July 2009 Allison announced "Scary Go Round" would be ending in September 2009. It was replaced by "Bad Machinery", a new strip with elements in common with "SGR", similar to its transition from "Bobbins". Though "Scary Go Round" does feature ongoing character arcs, and initially featured a lot of light horror content – influenced by print comic Scream!, J. Otto Seibold, Pete Fowler, Chris Sale, James Kochalka and Shag – it is primarily a comedy; however, it is not a joke comic of


title: "John Bull (locomotive)" content: the two main axles, leaving only the rear axle powered. Effectively, the "John Bull" became a 4-2-0. Later, the C&A also added a pilot ("cowcatcher") to the lead truck. The cowcatcher is an angled assembly designed to deflect animals and debris off of the railroad track in front of the locomotive. To protect the locomotive's crew from the weather, the C&A also added a cab to the locomotive. C&A workshop crews also added safety features such as a bell and headlight. After several years serving as a switching engine and stationary boiler, the "John Bull" was retired in 1866 and


title: Wispa content: Wispa Gold Hot Chocolate: hot and frothy instant caramel flavoured hot chocolate. Launched in 2014. Cadbury Wispa Biscuits: a round biscuit with a layer of aerated milk chocolate, covered in milk chocolate. Launched in August 2014. Cadbury Endless Wispa: a long multipack of 4 Wispa bars. Available every Christmas since 2012. Cadbury Bitsa Wispa Sharing Tube: a tube full of little aerated milk chocolate pieces. Launched in Christmas 2014. Cadbury Wispa Easter Egg: a hollow milk chocolate egg with 4 Wispa bars. Launched in 1980s, discontinued in 2003 but relaunched in 2008. Available only at Easter. In 2015 the number


title: "Orlando (band)" content: and Richey Edwards. Orlando first played live on the London indie circuit as a generic alternative rock band in 1993–1994 They later withdrew from the scene to reinvent themselves as an "alienated" white soul duo consisting of Chipping and Edwards plus sidemen Turner and Austen. In early 1995 they issued the EP Reproduction is Pollution under the name Shelley on Sarah Records. The band approached founding Romo clubnight Club Skinny in Camden to relaunch themselves as a live act. David Gray, synth programmer for fellow Romo band Hollywood (and formerly their drummer in their previous incarnation as punk trio Xerox


title: "Turning Torso" content: Turning Torso Turning Torso is a neo-futurist residential skyscraper in Sweden and the tallest building in Scandinavia. Located in Malmö on the Swedish side of the Öresund strait, it was built and is owned by Swedish cooperative association HSB. It is regarded as the first twisted skyscraper in the world. The project was designed by Spanish architect, structural engineer, sculptor and painter Santiago Calatrava and officially opened on 27 August 2005. The tower reaches a height of with 54 storeys and 147 apartments. In August 2015, it was announced that the building was the winner of the "10 Year Award"


title: "Turning Torso" content: from the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. It won the 2005 Gold Emporis Skyscraper Award. Turning Torso is based on a sculpture by Calatrava, called "Twisting Torso", which is a white marble piece based on the form of a twisting human being. It is the first "twisting" tower. In 1999, HSB Malmö's former managing director, Johnny Örbäck, saw the sculpture in a brochure presenting Calatrava in connection with his contribution to the architectural competition for the Öresund Bridge. It was on this occasion that Örbäck was inspired to build HSB Turning Torso. Shortly afterwards he travelled to Zurich


title: "Turning Torso" content: to meet Calatrava, and ask him to design a residential building based on the idea of a structure of twisting cubes. This is a solid immobile building constructed in nine segments of five-storey pentagons that twist relative to each other as it rises; the topmost segment is twisted 90 degrees clockwise with respect to the ground floor. Each floor consists of an irregular pentagonal shape rotating around the vertical core, which is supported by an exterior steel framework. The two bottom segments are intended as office space. Segments three to nine house 147 apartments. Construction started in the summer of


title: "Turning Torso" content: 2001. One reason for building Turning Torso was to re-establish a recognisable skyline for Malmö since the removal in 2002 of the Kockums Crane, which was located less than from Turning Torso. The local politicians deemed it important for the inhabitants to have a new symbol for Malmö in lieu of the crane that had been used for shipbuilding and somewhat symbolised the city's blue collar roots. The construction of part of this building was featured on Discovery Channel "Extreme Engineering" TV programme which showed how a floor of the building was constructed. Prior to the construction of Turning Torso,


title: "Turning Torso" content: the Kronprinsen had been the city's tallest building. The apartments were initially supposed to be sold, but insufficient interest resulted in the apartments being let. The owner has several times unsuccessfully tried to sell the building. The construction costs were almost double the estimate. On 18 August 2006, Austrian skydiver Felix Baumgartner parachuted onto the Turning Torso, and then jumped off it. Floor 49 is home to the public observation deck while floors 50–52 contain a private club, meeting events, the reception, and the venue restaurant. Floor 53 and 54 in the Turning Torso are conference floors booked and managed


title: "Turning Torso" content: by Sky High Meetings. Since 2009 the owner, HSB, has decided to let the public visit these floors but only on special scheduled days, and pre-booking is required. Turning Torso Turning Torso is a neo-futurist residential skyscraper in Sweden and the tallest building in Scandinavia. Located in Malmö on the Swedish side of the Öresund strait, it was built and is owned by Swedish cooperative association HSB. It is regarded as the first twisted skyscraper in the world. The project was designed by Spanish architect, structural engineer, sculptor and painter Santiago Calatrava and officially opened on 27 August 2005. The


title: "Podarcis muralis" content: Podarcis muralis Podarcis muralis (common wall lizard) is a species of lizard with a large distribution in Europe and well-established introduced populations in North America, where it is also called the European wall lizard. It can grow to about in total length. The common wall lizard is a small, thin lizard whose small scales are highly variable in colour and pattern. Its coloration is generally brownish or greyish, and may occasionally be tinged with green. In some individuals, the row of spots along their backs may form a line, while others may have a reticulated pattern with dark spots on


title: "Podarcis muralis" content: the side and scattered white spots that can be blue in the shoulder region. The tail is brown, grey or rust in colour, and may also have light bars on the sides. The belly region has six rows of larger rectangular scales that are generally reddish, pink, or orangish. Common wall lizards may also have dark markings on the throat. This lizard has six distinct morphological forms which are identified by the colouration of its throat and underbelly. Three of these are pure morphs consisting only of solid colours on their scales: white, red (orange) or yellow, and three other


title: "Podarcis muralis" content: morphs are distinguished by a combination of colours: white-yellow, white-red and yellow-red. The common wall lizard prefers rocky environments, including urban settings, where it can scurry between rock, rubble, debris and buildings. In the southern part of its range it tends to occur in humid or semi-humid habitats, compared to drier habitats in the north. Female wall lizards can discriminate between males with dissimilar levels of testosterone based on the scent alone, as females tongue-flick at higher rates towards females gland secretions of males with high levels of testosterone. Males with high levels of testosterone also produce higher amounts of


title: "Podarcis muralis" content: secretion. The six morphs of this lizard are primarily identifiable by colour and can be distinguished with the naked eye. However, they are commonly confirmed by digital photo and colour analysis. Source of colouration comes from different pigments within the lizard, with yellow colouration originating from carotenoids, and the expression of red/orange colour from pteridines. This is indicative that a phenomenon such as multiple alleles or epistasis may have a role in determining morphology. Morphs also differ in aspects other than colouration: differences between morphs are seen with femoral gland secretion, immune competence and body size. For males, colouration is


title: "Podarcis muralis" content: visible on the underbelly, but in females of all the morphs there is less colouration seen in this region, indicating that sexual dimorphism occurs within this species. Aside from differences in colour, the morphs vary by length, survival rate, and immune resistance/response to infection. Susceptibility to infection also varies between morphs, red and yellow-red morphs are the most susceptible to infection by the haemogregarine parasite, a common parasite for these lizards. White morphs are the most resistant to this parasite and the yellow morphs are at an intermediate value of immune resistance and intensity. Certain traits can also lead to


title: "Podarcis muralis" content: a variation in snout-vent length in each of these morphs. For example, in orange morphs, sexual selection favours larger morphs which makes them, on average, larger than the other morphs. The femoral gland secretions of males differ in chemical composition according to each respective morph. Secretions are used by males for intra-species communication, such as marking of territories and attracting potential mates. Individuals share the same organics within the secretions, but the concentrations of certain key compounds differ. For example, α-tocopherol is present in higher concentrations in the secretions of red morphs. This molecule allows for scents to remain in


title: "Podarcis muralis" content: the environment longer by reducing the rate of oxidation in humid environments. This indicates that red morphs tend to be more territorial and maintain territories for longer periods of time compared to other morphs. This phenomenon is also seen when it comes to the age of lizards. Similarly, older, more territorial lizards have higher levels of α-tocopherol compared to younger individuals who are more prone to roaming regardless of morph. Again, indicating that the composition of the secretions relate to the function. Furanones are found in higher concentrations in white morphs, followed by yellow, then red morphs. Among females, reproductive


title: "Podarcis muralis" content: strategies differ by morph; yellow females are "r" strategists, producing many smaller eggs in their clutch which would allow for numerous offspring to be produced and proliferate in smaller populations with less competition. White females are "K" strategists, producing fewer, larger eggs which makes offspring more likely to survive in harsher, more competitive environments. Red females can be "r" or "K" strategists based on the environment they are in. The existence of alternate strategies points to how morphs have adapted to different environments and hints to the maintenance of colour polymorphism as with fluctuations in environments each morph will eventually


title: "Podarcis muralis" content: be the fittest and as such will not be selected out of the population. The differences observed between morphs are unique evolutionary trade offs employed by each morph to promote survival within the different environments they face in light of limited ability to adapt perfectly to each pressure. Such a trade off is seen when comparing orange morphs to white morphs: morphs, on average, have larger body sizes compared to the white morphs but, in exchange, they are more prone to parasitic infection. In orange morphs, more emphasis is placed on being larger and having the ability to physically compete


title: "Podarcis muralis" content: and ward of potential threats, but in white morphs, metabolic emphasis is placed on having a more hardy immune system to resist infection. Again, these trade offs can arise as there are selective differences in the environment each morph prefers. The differences in the relative proportions of the morphs with respect to location show that environmental pressures differ and some morphs' trade offs are more successful in specific environments than another's. The natural range spans much of the mainland Europe except from the north and very south and extends to Turkey. It occurs as introduced populations in southern Britain and


title: "Podarcis muralis" content: also in North America. "Podarcis muralis" has been introduced in the United States and is spreading throughout the Cincinnati metropolitan area. It is commonly observed living in limestone outcrops, rock walls, and rubble along the Ohio River basin. It is referred to locally in the Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky area as the "Lazarus lizard", as it was introduced to the area around 1950 by George Rau, a boy who was a member of the family who owned the Lazarus department store chain (now absorbed into Macy's). After he returned from a family vacation to northern Italy, he released about 10 of the


title: "Podarcis muralis" content: reptiles near his Cincinnati home. This prolific lizard has reproduced exponentially; it continues to expand its distribution range annually, and has established itself so well in southwest Ohio, it is now considered a naturalized species by the Ohio Department of Natural Resources and is protected under state law (it is illegal to harm, capture, or possess this animal without a proper licence). The European wall lizard was also introduced to Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada in 1970, when a dozen individuals were released into the wild from a small private zoo. Podarcis muralis Podarcis muralis (common wall lizard) is a


title: "PC Zone" content: in the world.” The reviewer of this package also commented that everyone involved with the project should be “boiled alive like lobsters”. The lowest scoring game ever in the Budget section was Simon the Sorcerer 3D, which garnered the impressive score of 3%, “one point for each of its worthless dimensions.” The last editor was Steve Hogarty, who left in July 2010, and was not replaced. He took over from Ali Wood, who left in December 2009. Previous editor Will Porter replaced Jamie Sefton in March 2008, who in turn was the replacement for Dave Woods after the magazine's redesign


title: Brugmansia content: Brugmansia Brugmansia is a genus of seven species of flowering plants in the family Solanaceae. They are woody trees or shrubs, with pendulous flowers, and have no spines on their fruit. Their large, fragrant flowers give them their common name of angel's trumpets, a name sometimes used for the closely related genus "Datura". ("Datura" differ from "Brugmansia" in that they are herbaceous bushes, with erect rather than pendulous flowers - and most have spines on their fruit). Like many ornamental plants, all parts of "Brugmansia" can be toxic. All seven species are known only in cultivation or as escapes from


title: Brugmansia content: cultivation, and no wild plants have ever been confirmed. They are therefore listed as Extinct in the Wild by the IUCN Red List, although they are popular ornamental plants and still exist wild outside their native range as introduced species.. It is suspected that their extinction in the wild is due to the extinction of some animal which previously dispersed the seeds. "Brugmansia" are large shrubs or small trees, with semi-woody, often many-branched trunks. They can reach heights of . The leaves are alternately arranged along the stems, generally large, long and across, with an entire or coarsely toothed margin,


title: Brugmansia content: and are often covered with fine hairs. The name "angel's trumpet" refers to the large, pendulous, trumpet-shaped flowers, long and across at the opening. They come in shades of white, yellow, pink, orange, green, or red. Most have a strong, pleasing fragrance that is most noticeable in the evening. Flowers may be single, double, or more. "Brugmansia" are native to tropical regions of South America, along the Andes from Venezuela to northern Chile, and also in south-eastern Brazil. They are grown as ornamental container plants worldwide, and have become naturalized in isolated tropical areas around the globe, including within North


title: Brugmansia content: America, Africa, Australia, and Asia. Most "Brugmansia" are fragrant in the evenings to attract pollinating moths. One species lacking scent, the red-flowered "Brugmansia sanguinea", is pollinated by long-billed hummingbirds. "Brugmansia" have two main stages to their life cycle. In the initial vegetative stage the young seedling grows straight up on usually a single stalk, until it reaches its first main fork at high. It will not flower until after it has reached this fork, and then only on new growth above the fork. Cuttings taken from the lower vegetative region must also grow to a similar height before flowering, but


title: Brugmansia content: cuttings from the upper flowering region will often flower at a very low height. One interesting example of plant/animal interaction involves the butterfly "Placidula euryanassa", which uses "Brugmansia suaveolens" as one of its main larval foods. It has been shown that these can sequester the plant's tropane alkaloids and store them through the pupal stage on to the adult butterfly, where they are then used as a defense mechanism, making themselves less palatable to vertebrate predators. Linnaeus first classified these plants as part of "Datura" with his 1753 description of "Datura arborea". Then in 1805, C. H. Persoon transferred them


title: Brugmansia content: into a separate genus, "Brugmansia", named for Dutch naturalist Sebald Justinus Brugmans. For another 168 years, various authors placed them back and forth between the genera of "Brugmansia" and "Datura", until in 1973, with his detailed comparison of morphological differences, T.E. Lockwood settled them as separate genera, where they have stayed unchallenged since. Currently, there are 7 recognized species: These species are then divided into two natural, genetically isolated groups. "Brugmansia" section "Brugmansia" (the warm-growing group) includes the species "aurea", "insignis", "sauveolens", and "versicolor". "Brugmansia" section "Sphaerocarpium" (the cold group) includes the species "arborea", "sanguinea", and "vulcanicola". Two of these


title: Brugmansia content: species were challenged by Lockwood in his 1973 doctoral thesis. First, "Brugmansia vulcanicola" was said to be a subspecies of "B. sanguinea", but this was refuted by Lockwood's former mentor, R. E. Schultes in 1977. Second, Lockwood proposed that the species "B. insignis" was instead a hybrid of the combination ("B. suaveolens" x "B. versicolor") x "B. suaveolens". This was later disproved by crossbreeding experiments done by the Preissels, published in 1997. "Brugmansia" are most often grown today as flowering ornamental plants. In modern medicine, important alkaloids such as scopolamine, hyoscyamine, and atropine, found in "Brugmansia" and other related members


title: Brugmansia content: of Solanaceae, have proven medical value for their spasmolytic, anti-asthmatic, anticholinergic, narcotic and anesthetic properties, although many of these alkaloids, or their equivalents, are now artificially synthesized. "Brugmansia" have also traditionally been used in many South American indigenous cultures in medical preparations and as an entheogen in religious or spiritual ceremonies. Medicinally, they have mostly been used externally as part of a poultice, tincture, ointment, or where the leaves are directly applied transdermally to the skin. Traditional external uses have included the treating of aches and pains, dermatitis, orchitis, arthritis, rheumatism, headaches, infections, and as an anti-inflammatory. They have been