title: "Human Frontier Science Program" content: life sciences. Peer review is designed to allow for the unique requirements of such papers and is overseen by an Editorial Board with members from different disciplines. The HFSP Journal offers its authors the option to pay a fee to make their research articles Open Access immediately upon publication. For other articles, access is limited to subscribers for the first 6 months after publication, but access is free thereafter. The HFSP Journal ceased publication in July 2010 and was bought by the scientific publisher Taylor & Frances, to be re-launched in 2011 as “Frontiers in Life Science. Human Frontier Science


title: "Noël Doiron" content: parents. Doiron lived in the village for 40 years. During that time he and his family built dykes that still exist in the community as well as a chapel at Burntcoat Head, Nova Scotia (formerly known as Steeple Point). As with most Acadians in the Cobequid region, Noel was likely a cattle farmer involved in supporting trade with the French Fortress of Louisbourg. During King George's War, Doiron was involved in the aftermath of the Battle of Grand Pré. Upon wounded French soldiers returning to Chignecto, they stopped at the village of Noel. There they were met by Doiron's priest


title: "William Belsham" content: James Fox and Anthony Robinson. He began his career as an author by publishing "Essays, Philosophical, Historical, and Literary", two vols. 1789–91. He used the term "libertarian" in a discussion of free will and in opposition to "necessitarian" (or determinist) views. In 1792 he published "Examination of an Appeal from the Old to the New Whigs", and in 1793 "Remarks on the Nature and Necessity of Political Reform". He also wrote on the Test Act, the French Revolution, the Treaty of Amiens, and the poor laws. In 1793 Belsham published, in two volumes, "Memoirs of the Kings of Great Britain


title: "Regulated Product Submissions" content: (DSTU) in January 2010. The ballot passed by two votes with a result of 53 affirmative and 33 negative. Testing by FDA is expected to begin at the beginning of the third quarter, 2010. When RPS is implemented, FDA will offer a training program for reviewers, including hands-on training classes. Regulated Product Submissions Regulated Product Submission (RPS) is a Health Level Seven (HL7) standard designed to facilitate the processing and review of regulated product information. RPS is being developed in response to performance goals that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is to achieve by 2012, as outlined in


title: "Malcolm Ridley" content: Complete Works Festival. The cast included Andrea Riseborough & Richard Dormer. As part of the season, Riseborough & Dormer appeared in August Strindberg's Miss Julie. A new adaptation by Frank McGuinness , directed by Rachel O’Riordan. (2006) Performed at the Apollo Theatre in London's West End in "Mary Stuart" Directed by Phyllida Lloyd ("Mamma Mia!") starring Harriet Walter, Janet McTeer. (2007) Performed in One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest Direction by Clwyd Theatr Cymru's Artistic Director Tamara Harvey. Toured the UK following its hit run in London's West End at the Garrick Theatre. Starring Shane Richie and Sophie Ward. (2008)


title: "The Wodehouse" content: work there, in 1820 a daughter of the house, Parthenia, married the minister. Sons of the house went into the ministry, including several successive generations named Thomas. For a period in the middle of the century Thomas Shaw-Hellier, the grandson and direct heir of the Reverend Thomas Shaw, rented out the property. Being a keen huntsman, he preferred the country seats of Packwood House and latterly Rodbaston Hall. In his absence, Philip Stanhope, 1st Baron Weardale, the Liberal politician, pacifist, and philanthropist, and his wife Alexandra Tolstoy apparently lived for a time in the Wodehouse. Stanhope was elected to Parliament


title: "Rui Sampaio" content: substitute in a 0–0 home draw against U.D. Leiria. He went on to start in 28 of his appearances, helping his team retain their recently acquired status. On 31 August 2011, Sampaio signed with Serie A side Cagliari Calcio for €600,000. He played in only seven competitive matches during his stint in Italy (one goal, in the Coppa Italia), being consecutively loaned to S.C. Olhanense and Beira-Mar and being released in January 2014, following which he agreed to a permanent one-and-a-half-year contract at F.C. Arouca also in his country's top level. In the summer of 2015, Bastos joined French Ligue


title: "Jorge Couto" content: mostly while at FC Porto, the first arriving at age 20. He was not related to club and national teammate Fernando Couto. Porto Boavista Portugal Jorge Couto Jorge António Pinto do Couto, (born 1 July 1970 in Feira, Santa Maria da Feira) is a Portuguese retired footballer who played as a right winger. He amassed Primeira Liga totals of 287 matches and 27 goals during 14 seasons, representing in the competition Porto and Boavista and winning 15 major titles both clubs combined. During his career, Couto played professionally for FC Porto, Gil Vicente FC (on loan from his "alma mater")


title: "Wintjiya Napaltjarri" content: the product of a batik workshop run for the women of Haasts Bluff by Northern Territory Education Department staff Jill Squires and Therese Honan in the months following June 1994. The works, including several by Wintjiya, were not completed until 1995. Circular markings, used by Wintjiya in both these batiks and her subsequent paintings, represent the eggs of the flying ant ("waturnuma"), one of the main subjects of her art. She also portrays "tree-like organic motifs" and representations of hair-string skirts ("nyimparra"). The sisters also gained experience with drypoint etching; works produced by Wintjiya in 2004 – "Watiyawanu" and "Nyimpara"


title: "2010 Paris–Nice" content: Vacansoleil and Skil-Shimano trying to prove their combativeness to the ASO to potentially get wildcard entries to the upcoming Tour de France. Vacansoleil's Jens Mouris and Skil-Shimano's Koen de Kort were joined by Liquigas-Doimo rider Mauro Finetto and Saur-Sojasun's Laurent Mangel. Their escape, which took form just into the stage. Their maximum advantage on the Caisse d'Epargned-led peloton was 4'15", and they were easily caught with left to race. Mangel was first over the first two climbs on the day, and took over possession of the polka dot jersey from race leader Lars Boom after the stage. Several teams tried


title: Herbchronology content: age. This may be relevant information to determine : Herbchronology allows to assess long-term annual growth rates of a perennial herbaceous plant without having to monitor it. This may be relevant information to assess … Herbchronology Herbchronology is the analysis of annual growth rings (or simply annual rings) in the secondary root xylem of perennial herbaceous plants. While leaves and stems of perennial herbs die down at the end of the growing season the root often persists for many years or even the entire life. Perennial herb species belonging to the dicotyledon group (also known as perennial forbs) are characterized


title: "Frederick Boardman" content: Frederick Boardman Frederick Stanley Boardman (February 18, 1851 – April 12, 1941) was an American baseball player. Boardman was born in 1851 in St. Joseph, Missouri. According to baseball historian David Nemec, he was an "auxiliary player" in Chicago for many years. He appeared in one game in Major League Baseball as a right fielder for the Baltimore Canaries in the National Association during the 1874 baseball season. His lone appearance with the Canaries came about when the team visited Chicago and was in need of an outfielder. The Chicago White Stockings won the game by a 4-0 score. During


title: "Battle of Wide Bay–Open Bay" content: stationed around Rabaul. The Japanese subsequently built up a large garrison on the island, consisting of around 93,000 men from General Hitoshi Imamura's Eighth Area Army. This became a lynchpin in the defensive barrier that they established following the failure of attempts to capture Port Moresby in late 1942. In December 1943, as part of Operation Cartwheel, US forces landed around Cape Gloucester and Arawe to capture vital airfields and to provide the Allies with access through the sea passage between the straits separating New Britain from New Guinea, where during late 1943 the Allies had fought to secure the


title: "Worley noise" content: the space into cubes. A fixed number of positions are generated for each cube. In the case of three dimensions, nine cubes' points need to be generated, to be sure to find the closest. Worley noise Worley noise is a noise function introduced by Steven Worley in 1996. In computer graphics it is used to create procedural textures, that is textures that are created automatically in arbitrary precision and don't have to be drawn by hand. Worley noise comes close to simulating textures of stone, water, or cell noise. The basic idea is to take random points in space (2-


title: "Edmund Widdrington Byrne" content: London home, 33 Lancaster Gate, from acute bronchitis and pneumonia. He was buried at Brookwood Cemetery. Byrne married Henrietta Johnstone, on 13 August 1874. She was the daughter of James Gulland of Newton, of Wemyss, Fifeshire. Edmund Widdrington Byrne Sir Edmund Widdrington Byrne (30 June 1844 – 4 April 1904) was a British judge and Conservative Party politician. Byrne was born in Islington, London, and was the son of Edmund Byrne, solicitor, and his wife Mary Elizabeth, née Cowell. He was educated at King's College London and was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn in 1867. In 1874 he


title: "Gypsy (Shakira song)" content: Gypsy (Shakira song) "Gypsy" is a song by Colombian singer-songwriter Shakira, from her eighth studio album "She Wolf" (2009). The song was chosen as the fourth and final single from the album by Epic Records. It was released internationally on 26 March 2010; in the United States, "Gypsy" was released as a CD single on 12 April 2010. The Spanish-language version "Gitana" was released as a digital promotional single on 1 March 2010. Written by Shakira, Amanda Ghost, Carl Sturken and Evan Rogers, the lyrics of the song describe one's life travelling as a "gypsy". The song draws heavy influences


title: "Phacelia californica" content: Phacelia californica Phacelia californica is a species of phacelia known by the common names California phacelia and California scorpionweed. It is native to coastal northern California and Oregon, where it grows in chaparral, woodland, and coastal bluffs and grassland. It is a perennial herb growing decumbent or erect, its branching stems reaching up to long. It is roughly hairy in texture. The leaves are up to long, the lower ones divided into several leaflets. The dense, hairy inflorescence is a one-sided curving or coiling cyme of many bell-shaped flowers. Each white or pale blue to lavender flower is under wide.


title: "Phacelia californica" content: This native wildflower is a food source for the Mission blue butterfly, an endangered species endemic to San Francisco. Phacelia californica Phacelia californica is a species of phacelia known by the common names California phacelia and California scorpionweed. It is native to coastal northern California and Oregon, where it grows in chaparral, woodland, and coastal bluffs and grassland. It is a perennial herb growing decumbent or erect, its branching stems reaching up to long. It is roughly hairy in texture. The leaves are up to long, the lower ones divided into several leaflets. The dense, hairy inflorescence is a one-sided


title: "Charles Sergel" content: 1952 and returned to England where he became a FRCS and went into general practice at Great Shelford, Cambridgeshire. He coached the crews at Clare College and took up sailing. Sergel retired in 1976 to Milford-on-Sea where he kept his boat. When he decided to give up his boat, he took a farewell journey and in the course of it died of a heart attack. Sergel married Elizabeth Joan Stileman in 1947 and had two daughters. Charles Sergel Charles John Scott Sergel (12 May 1911 - 21 May 1980) was a surgeon, missionary doctor and a rower who competed at


title: "Government Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine" content: Government Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine Government Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine is one of the oldest rehabilitation centers in India . This is the second institute in India which was started in the year 1959, after the King Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai. It is one of the Institute of Madras Medical College, it found its current own place away from Madras Medical College at Ashok Nagar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu. The institute includes a hospital, headed by a director who is a Physiatrist, chief of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Department's Post Graduate Medical Courses. GIRM conducts 3 year MD(PMR), and 2 year


title: "Bede House, Old Aberdeen" content: of three stories and an attic. Entry to the house from Don Street is through a “pend” or alleyway leading to two doors. To the left is access to what is now cellars, the second door opens into a spiral stone staircase leading to the upper floors. The pend has a gate dating from 1965. The tower at the rear, which is capped with a pyramidal roof, carries the stairs to the second floor. From the second floor to the attic there is a set of stairs with a corbelled turret. These stairs are now closed off but can be


title: "7th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)" content: infantry division crossed the Lys and took part in the fighting around Lille. Following the truce in June, the division remained stationed in northern France as an occupation troop. In April, 1941, the 7th infantry division was transferred to the Generalgouvernement (Poland) to get ready for Operation Barbarossa. The division took part in the surprise attack on the Soviet Union from June 22, 1941, advancing past Bialystok to Minsk, then to Mogilev and Roslavl. The 7th infantry division took part in the battle of encirclement and annihilation at Smolensk, advanced over the Nara and participated in the battle of Moscow,


title: "Edward Denny, 1st Earl of Norwich" content: Edward Denny, 1st Earl of Norwich Edward Denny, 1st Earl of Norwich (15 August 1569 – 24 October 1637), known as The Lord Denny between 1604 and 1627, was an English courtier, Member of Parliament, and a peer. The son of Sir Anthony Denny's eldest son, Henry Denny, he matriculated at St John's College, Cambridge in 1585. His mother was Honora Grey, daughter of William Grey, 13th Baron Grey de Wilton and Lady Mary Somerset. He was knighted in 1587, and welcomed the Scottish King James I to England while holding the post of High Sheriff of Hertfordshire in 1603.


title: "Peter Essen" content: his actions in the Battle of Eylau. Essen headed the 8th, 27th, and 4th Infantry Divisions of the army during 1816 and 1817, and was appointed military governor of Orenburg in 1817, and was appointed manager of the civil part of the province. In 1819, he was made a general of infantry. From 1830 to 1842 he served as military governor-general of St. Petersburg and a member of the State Council. In 1834 he was awarded the Order of St. Andrew for his service. Peter Essen Count Peter Essen (, Pyotr Kirillovich (Khristianovich) Essen; 11 August 1772 – 23 September


title: "2010 Tonight Show conflict" content: Ferguson, who occupied the post-Letterman slot, had begun to occasionally trump O'Brien in overall ratings. Though internal anxiety increased among executives, most tended to still support O'Brien. Zucker's last resort for Leno was a nightly 10 pm program. As ratings had slipped entirely for 10 pm shows on NBC, he imagined a nightly Leno at 10 could perhaps produce a "paradigm shift" and reverse NBC's fortunes. On December 8, 2008, Leno verbally agreed to stay at the network—producing a nightly 10 pm variety show titled "The Jay Leno Show"—and phoned ABC and Fox to inform them. Zucker and Ludwin planned


title: "The Jaquie Brown Diaries" content: up the media ladder, but her efforts are thwarted by the arrival of a new reporter, Serita Singh, whose journalistic style is strikingly similar to Jaquie's and seems to be stealing her thunder at an alarming rate. Over the course of the series, Jaquie's humanity takes a back seat to her ambition. In the episode finale, she frames Serita by attaining her computer log-in and sending a pornographic e-mail entitled 'A guy, a girl and a mug (Based on the infamous '2 girls 1 cup')' to Ian. Serita is fired, and Jaquie becomes Ian's new temporary replacement while Ian and


title: "SER R class" content: specifically for shunting and for hauling local goods trains. The R class locomotives were designed by James Stirling as a new class, and 25 were built at Ashford Works between 1888 and 1898. As was typical of Stirling's designs, several components were shared with existing designs; the domeless boilers were of the same type as was fitted to his O class 0-6-0 and Q class 0-4-4T. Their SER numbers were scattered between 10 and 174, and in a continuous block from 335 to 342. These numbers were retained under the South Eastern and Chatham Railway, although from 1900 the livery


title: "Flagfin shiner" content: are covered by a lateral band dark in colour. The caudal, dorsal and anal fins are yellow or red-orange with black marginal rays. Present on the caudal fin base are two bright sulfur-yellow spots, with the region between the spots being substantially darker. The flagfin shiner exists syntopically with the sailfin shiner, "P. hypselopterus", and the two can be difficult to differentiate. It can be distinguished by its red fins, yellow tail spots, and smaller tubercles. "Pteronotropis" means "winged keeled back", which refers to the breeding males' enlarged dorsal fin. "Signipinnis" means "banner fin", referring to the striking color of


title: "Shaukat Thanvi" content: name:Thanvi. On the suggestion of Syed Imtiyaz Ali Taj, Shaukat Thanvi joined Lahore's Pancholi Art Pictures as a story and songwriter in 1943. After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, Pancholi Art Pictures closed down and Shaukat Thanvi joined Radio Pakistan in Lahore. In 1957, Shaukat Thanvi joined Daily Jang newspaper and started writing a humor column in it called "Vaghaira Vaghaira" which later became very popular among the Pakistani public. Shaukat Thanvi was a prolific writer and penned some sixty books which include collections of short stories and humorous essays, plays and novels. He was also a poet and


title: "Hoensbroek Castle" content: Hoensbroek Castle Hoensbroek Castle (Dutch: Kasteel Hoensbroek) or Gebrook Castle () is one of the largest castles in the Netherlands. It is situated in Hoensbroek, a town in the province of Limburg. This imposing watercastle is known as 'the most lordly stronghold between Rhine and Meuse'. The oldest part of the castle, notably the tall round tower, dates from around 1360, when it was built by Herman Hoen, though a predecessor to the castle had already existed in the swamp (or "Gebrook") the castle was located in. This so-called motte-and-bailey dated from around 1225. In 1250 a fortified manor was


title: "Hoensbroek Castle" content: built on the location of the present castle. Because of its important strategical location in the Duchy of Brabant, located along important trading routes to Maastricht, Aachen and Cologne, the castle was expanded in several phases, becoming the largest stronghold between the Meuse and the Rhine rivers. It contains at least 67 halls, rooms and living quarters. The first lord of Hoensbroek was Sir Herman Hoen, who gave the castle its name ("Herhoensbroeck"). He was a member of the family "Hoen van den / tzo Broeck", later changed to "Hoen van Hoensbroek" and Van Hoensbroeck. The name eventually passed to


title: "Hoensbroek Castle" content: the later settlement of Hoensbroek (nowadays part of the municipality of Heerlen). Sir Herman Hoen's father, Claes, died in 1371 at the Battle of Baesweiler. Because of his support in the struggle against the Duchies of Jülich and Guelders, Herman Hoen was awarded the lordship "Gebrook, Gebroek, Ingenbrouck" (Broek being an old Dutch word for swamp, morass) in 1388 by duchess Joanna of Brabant, the lands in question being separated from the territory of Heerlen. The castle was the ancestral home of the knights Hoen van den Broeck, the Imperial baron Hoen van Hoensbroeck, and the Imperial counts and viscounts


title: "Hoensbroek Castle" content: Van en tot Hoensbroeck for nearly six centuries. The family Van Hoensbroeck left the castle at the end of the 18th century, after which the castle entered a period of decay. Count Frans Lothar sold the castle in 1927 to the present day owners, the foundation 'Ave Rex Christe'. It was thoroughly restored between 1930 and 1940. During and shortly after the second world war, the castle and accompanying buildings were used for diverse ends. In 1945, the castle was used for war orphans, under the Carmelite Sisters. From 1951 to 1973 the writer-poet Bertus Aafjes lived in parts of


title: "Hoensbroek Castle" content: the castle. In the period 1986-1989 another restoration took place. Since then it has formed a popular and educative museum destination, funded by the municipality. Over the centuries the castle has received extensive rebuilding and expansion three times. The different architectural styles from the different centuries (14th, 17th and 18th) are easy to separate from each other. The complex is surrounded by a moat and has four wings situated around a rectangular courtyard. The main building is reachable over a bridge. The main building has two identical square towers with union-tops, flanking the entrance, and two taller half-separate corner towers


title: "Hoensbroek Castle" content: of irregular shape at the backside. The forecastles are both U-formed and enclose two large inner courts. From 1720 to 1722, Frans Arnold, Imperial count van Hoensbroek, had substantial reworking done, including the building of a new north-western wing. The interior, with its illusionistic ceiling paintings from the 18th century, shows French influence. The son of Frans Arnold, Lotharius Frans, was the last lord of Hoensbroeck (1759–1794) who resided in the castle, until 1787, just before the French revolution. Hoensbroek Castle Hoensbroek Castle (Dutch: Kasteel Hoensbroek) or Gebrook Castle () is one of the largest castles in the Netherlands. It


title: "The 10,000 Year Explosion" content: these adaptations have varied across different human populations, depending on factors such as when the various groups developed agriculture, and the extent to which they mixed genetically with other population groups. Such changes, they argue, include not just well-known physical and biological adaptations such as skin colour, disease resistance, and lactose tolerance, but also personality and cognitive adaptations that are starting to emerge from genetic research. These may include tendencies towards (for example) reduced physical strength, enhanced long-term planning, or increased docility, all of which may have been counter-productive in hunter-gatherer societies, but become favoured adaptations in a world of


title: Mercosur content: all five countries. Member states preside over the Council in rotating alphabetical order, for six-month periods. Meetings: Council members shall meet whenever necessary, but at least once a year. The presidents of the member nations shall partake of the annual Common Market Council meeting whenever possible. Decision Making: Council decisions shall be made by consensus, with representation of all member states. The Group is the executive body of Mercosur, and is coordinated by the Ministries of Foreign Affairs of the member states. Its basic duties are to cause compliance with the Asuncion Treaty and to take resolutions required for implementation


title: "Lý Thần Tông" content: Đạo (Minh Đạo vương) after a campaign opened by three other concubines of the Emperor, Ladies Cảm Thánh, Nhật Phụng and Phụng Thánh, who were afraid that the coronation of a concubine's son would menace their position in royal family. Besides Lý Thiên Tộ and Lý Thiên Lộc, the emperor had a stillborn daughter in 1132, a third prince with unknown name born in 1137 and the Princess Thụy Thiên who was also born in 1137. |- style="text-align: center;" Lý Thần Tông Lý Thần Tông (1116–1138), given name Lý Dương Hoán, was the fifth emperor of the Lý Dynasty, reigning


title: "Back in Her Place" content: to intervene so that Daniel would not end up being tabloid fodder. Because of Marc's actions, Daniel lost weight and looked better in a slimming suit and had more paparazzi exposure. Also, designers are now chasing after him instead of the other way around. Marc then proceeds to shave Daniel's beard. Finally, back at Betty's apartment, Amanda shows up with rent money (she sold her hair extensions), even though she was a little short but promised to make it up. Amanda told Betty the reason for moving out was to help her get over Matt and that being in Betty's


title: "Taha Abdurrahman" content: then he joined the Mohammed V University (Rabat, Morocco) where he obtained his licentiate in philosophy. He completed his studies at the university of Sorbonne where he received his second licentiate and obtained his "doctoral third level" in the year of 1972 on the subject: "Language and philosophy: a study of the linguistic structures of ontology", and in 1985 he earned his Ph.D in the philosophy on the subject "study of argumentation and its methods" (in French: "Essai sur les logiques des raisonnements argumentatifs et naturels", literally "Essay on the logic of reasoning argumentatives and naturals"). In addition to Arabic,


title: "Wellington Phoenix FC records and statistics" content: Wellington Phoenix FC records and statistics Wellington Phoenix FC is a professional association football club based in Wellington, New Zealand, which currently plays in the A-League. Their home ground is Westpac Stadium, which is located on Wellington's waterfront, and holds approximately 36,000 spectators. The Wellington Phoenix is also the longest running New Zealand professional football club, surpassing the now defunct Football Kingz FC. "A-League matches only. Players in bold are still currently playing for the Phoenix." "Competitive, professional matches only. Players in bold are still currently playing for the Phoenix." "Competitive, professional matches only. Players in bold are still currently


title: "Mehkar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)" content: agintha Dongar. As per orders of Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly constituencies Order, 2008, No. 25 Mehkar (Vidhan Sabha constituency) is composed of the following: 1. Mehkar Tehsil, 2. Lonar Tehsil (Part), Revenue Circle Sultanpur, Titavi and Lonar, Lonar (MC) of Buldhana district. Mehkar (Vidhan Sabha constituency) Mehkar (Vidhan Sabha constituency) is one of the 288 constituencies of Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha and one of the seven which are located in the Buldhana district. It is reserved for Scheduled Caste candidates. It is a part of the Buldhana (Lok Sabha constituency) along with five other Vidhan Sabha(assembly) constituencies, viz. Buldhana, Chikhali,


title: "Cleo. (English musician)" content: to tears with her exceptional talent and vocal ability. Following this, Mz. Bratt embarked on a US and European tour with The Count & Sinden, which included shows at the Glastonbury Festival and at Bestival. Humphrey has a mixed race ethnic background. Mz. Bratt's first single, "Who Do You Think You Are?", was released on All Around the World Productions on 27 July 2009, and received plays on BBC Radio 1 and BBC Radio 1Xtra. The second single, "I Like You", followed in November, and was also played by Radio 1Xtra. In February 2010, Mz. Bratt joined a new collective


title: "Ann Perkins" content: and it's quickly becoming apparent that the 'crazy, almost slutty' approach is one that works in a comedic way for her very, very well." Matt Fowler of IGN wrote, "While Ann still isn't the best of the bunch as far as characters go, she was able to be a part of more great scenes this year by getting paired up with Chris in the first half of the season and getting to have some great moments of drunken anger in 'The Fight'." Several reviews also praised the pairing of Ann and Donna Meagle, who gives her dating advice in the


title: "St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church (Hartford, Connecticut)" content: area developed as an industrial village beginning in the 1870s, experiencing its greatest growth between 1890 and the First World War. St. Paul's was organized in 1891 as a daughter congregation of the South Park Methodist Church, meeting first in private residences and later in a frame church built in 1894. By 1898 the congregation was too large for that building, and the present building was commissioned. It was formally dedicated in 1900. The church tower's upper levels were extensively damaged by the New England Hurricane of 1938, and were removed, leaving the present squat configuration. An extension to the


title: "Koonya (1887)" content: gambolling on the beach At this time no person had put in an appearance at the scene, and the captain sent a message into Sutherland, whence it was dispatched to Sydney, asking for conveyances to be sent to take the people to the hotel at Port Hacking In response to this message a conveyance came, and took the party with their effects to the hotel The road is a pretty rough one, so that progress was slow, and the people had to get out and walk at intervals At the hotel all their requirements were attended to The vessel struck


title: "Dominik Gross" content: at the Universities of Wurzburg, Ratisbon and Ulm. In June 2005 he was appointed full professor of History, Theory and Ethics in Medicine at the RWTH Aachen. Since October 2005 he is director of the Institute of History, Theory and Ethics in Medicine of the same university. Besides, he is visiting professor at the University of Zurich, Switzerland. He is a member of the Ethics Group of the IDEA League and editor of different book series at Lit Publishers, Muenster, London, New York, (“Anthropina”, “Medizin und Nationalsozialismus”) and at Campus, Frankfurt, New York (“Todesbilder”). Gross is the author of more


title: "Institut polytechnique des sciences avancées" content: to aeronautics in addition to basic scientific education, and a large part of the teaching throughout the curriculum is project-based. Students also have the opportunity to attend a technical and managerial course sanctioned by an MBA in "business and international negotiation" of the "Institut supérieur de gestion" in addition to the diploma of the school, or to make the last year of studies in a foreign university in partnership with IPSA. Eleven months of internship are planned in the curriculum. After graduation, graduates are represented by the association "AAEIPSA" (IPSA Alumni association). 70% of them work in the aerospace industry,


title: "91st Operations Group" content: it lost most of its personnel when assigned to the parent wing, and was inactivated in May 1952 as part of the Tri-Deputation reorganization. Between September 1991 and July 1994, and since February 1996, maintained intercontinental ballistic missiles on alert at Minot AFB, ND. 91st Operations Group The 91st Operations Group (91 OG) is the operational component of the 91st Missile Wing, assigned to the Air Force Global Strike Command Twentieth Air Force. It is stationed at Minot Air Force Base, North Dakota. The 91 OG is one of three USAF operational missile units, equipped with the LGM-30G Minuteman-III. Its


title: "Street Symphony (producer)" content: Paranoia 2 Saint Malo - Wild Wild West Saint Malo - Wild Wild West Nipsey Hussle - Victory Lap Tiffany Foxx - Non Album Single Dave East - Karma 2 Street Symphony (producer) Torrance Esmond, better known by his stage name Street Symphony, is an American record producer and music executive from Nashville, Tennessee. Dividing his youth between Memphis and Nashville, Street Symphony was compelled to pursue a career in music after watching an Outkast concert. With roommates owning equipment, the Sean Combs-influenced entrepreneur began making beats by fiddling with the turntables and drum machines through the night in his


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: Peterhof Palace The Peterhof Palace (, German for "Peter's Court") is a series of palaces and gardens located in Petergof, Saint Petersburg, Russia, commissioned by Peter the Great as a direct response to the Palace of Versailles by Louis XIV of France. Originally intended in 1709 for country habitation, Peter the Great sought to expand the property as a result of his visit to the French royal court in 1717, inspiring the nickname used by tourists "The Russian Versailles". In the period between 1714 and 1728, the architecture was designed by Domenico Trezzini, and the style he employed became the


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: foundation for the Petrine Baroque style favored throughout Saint Petersburg. Also in 1714, Jean-Baptiste Alexandre Le Blond designed the gardens, likely chosen due to his previous collaborations with Versailles landscaper André Le Nôtre. Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli completed an expansion from 1747 to 1756 for Elizabeth of Russia. The palace-ensemble along with the city center is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The end of the Great Northern War resulted in the Treaty of Nystad in 1721, ceding much of the Swedish Empire's claim to the Baltic Sea to the rising Tsardom of Russia. Peter the Great already began construction


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: of his new capital St Petersburg in 1703 after successfully capturing Swedish provinces on the eastern coast. This strategic location allowed Russian access to the Baltic Sea through the Neva River that flowed to the Gulf of Finland. The island of Kotlin and its fortress Kronstadt northeast of St Petersburg provided a gateway and commercial harbor access owing to the shallowness of water closer to the city. Throughout the early 18th century, Peter the Great built and expanded the Peterhof Palace complex as a part of his goal to modernize and westernize Russia. in 1714, Peter began construction of the


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: Monplaisir Palace (French: "my delight") based on his own sketches. He "сhalked out not only the site but also the inside layout, some elements of the decorative finish, etc". Based in a Dutch style, this was Peter's summer retreat (not to be confused with his Summer Palace) that he would use on his way coming and going from Europe through the harbour at Kronstadt. On the walls of this seacoast palace hung hundreds of paintings that Peter brought from Europe and allowed to weather Russian winters and the dampness of the sea without heat. In the seaward corner of his


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: Monplaisir Palace, Peter made his Maritime Study, from which he could see Kronstadt Island to the left and St. Petersburg to the right. Later, he expanded his plans to include a vaster royal château of palaces and gardens further inland, on the model of Versailles which would become Peterhof Palace. The initial design of the palace and its garden was done by the French architect Jean-Baptiste Le Blond. The dominant natural feature of Peterhof is a 16-m-high bluff lying less than 100 m from the shore. The so-called Lower Gardens ("Nizhny Sad"), at 1.02 km² comprising the better part of


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: Peterhof's land area, are confined between this bluff and the shore, stretching east and west for roughly 200 m. The majority of Peterhof's fountains are contained here, as are several small palaces and outbuildings. East of the Lower Gardens lies the Alexandria Park with 19th-century Gothic Revival structures such as the Kapella. Atop the bluff, near the middle of the Lower Gardens, stands the Grand Palace ("Bolshoi Dvorets"). Behind (south) of it are the comparatively small Upper Gardens ("Verhnyy Sad"). Upon the bluff's face below the palace is the Grand Cascade ("Bolshoi Kaskad"). This and the Grand Palace are the


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: centrepiece of the entire complex. At its foot begins the Sea Channel ("Morskoi Kanal"), one of the most extensive waterworks of the Baroque period, which bisects the Lower Gardens. The Grand Cascade is modelled on one constructed for Louis XIV at his Château de Marly, which is likewise memorialised in one of the park's outbuildings. At the centre of the cascade is an artificial grotto with two stories, faced inside and out with hewn brown stone. It currently contains a modest museum of the fountains' history. One of the exhibits is a table carrying a bowl of (artificial) fruit, a


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: replica of a similar table built under Peter's direction. The table is rigged with jets of water that soak visitors when they reach for the fruit, a feature from Mannerist gardens that remained popular in Germany. The grotto is connected to the palace above and behind by a hidden corridor. The fountains of the Grand Cascade are located below the grotto and on either side of it. There are 64 fountains. Their waters flow into a semicircular pool, the terminus of the fountain-lined Sea Channel. In the 1730s, the large Samson Fountain was placed in this pool. It depicts the


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: moment when Samson tears open the jaws of a lion, representing Russia's victory over Sweden in the Great Northern War, and is doubly symbolic. The lion is an element of the Swedish coat of arms, and one of the great victories of the war was won on St Sampson's Day. From the lion's mouth shoots a 20-metre-high vertical jet of water, the highest in all of Peterhof. This masterpiece by Mikhail Kozlovsky was looted by the invading Germans during the Second World War; see History below. A replica of the statue was installed in 1947. Perhaps the greatest technological achievement


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: of Peterhof is that all of the fountains operate without the use of pumps. Water is supplied from natural springs and collects in reservoirs in the Upper Gardens. The elevation difference creates the pressure that drives most of the fountains of the Lower Gardens, including the Grand Cascade. The Samson Fountain is supplied by a special aqueduct, over four km in length, drawing water and pressure from a high-elevation source. The expanse of the Lower Gardens is designed in the formal style of French formal gardens of the 17th century. Although many trees are overgrown, in the recent years the


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: formal clipping along the many allees has resumed in order to restore the original appearance of the garden. The many fountains located here exhibit an unusual degree of creativity. One of the most notable designs is entitled 'The Sun'. A disk radiating water jets from its edge creates an image of the sun's rays, and the whole structure rotates about a vertical axis so that the direction in which the "sun" faces is constantly changing. The same bluff that provides a setting for the Grand Cascade houses two other, very different cascades. West of the Grand Palace is the Golden


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: Mountain ("Золотая Гора"), decorated with marble statuary that contrasts with the riotous gilded figures of the Grand Cascade. To the east is the Chess Mountain ("Шахматная Гора"), a broad chute whose surface is tiled black and white like a chessboard. The most prominently positioned fountains of Peterhof are 'Adam' and 'Eve'. They occupy symmetric positions on either side of the Sea Channel, each at the conjunction of eight paths. The largest of Peterhof's palaces looks truly imposing when seen from the Lower or Upper Gardens, but in fact it is quite narrow and not overly large. Of its approximately thirty


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: rooms, several deserve mention. The Chesma Hall is decorated with twelve large paintings of the Battle of Chesma, a stunning naval victory of the Russo-Turkish War, 1768-1774. These were painted between 1771 and 1773 by the German artist Jacob Philipp Hackert. His first renderings of the great battle scenes were criticised by witnesses as not showing realistically the effect of exploding ships — the flying timbers, great flames, smoke, and fireballs. Catherine II assisted the artist by exploding a frigate in the harbour of Livorno, Italy, for the benefit of Hackert, who had never seen a naval battle first-hand. Hackert


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: also did not research the actual positions of the Russian and Turkish forces during the battle, so the scenes depicted are somewhat fanciful, but do effectively convey drama and destruction of naval warfare. The East and West Chinese Cabinets were decorated between 1766 and 1769 to exhibit objects of decorative art imported from the East. The walls were decorated with imitation Oriental patterns by Russian craftsmen, and hung with Chinese landscape paintings in yellow and black lacquer. Another room, positioned at the centre of the palace, bears the name of the Picture Hall. Its walls are almost entirely covered by


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: a series of 368 paintings, mostly of variously dressed women, differing in appearance and even age, yet most were drawn from a single model. These were purchased in 1764 from the widow of the Italian artist P. Rotari, who died in St. Petersburg. The Grand Palace is not the only historic royal building in Peterhof. The palaces of Monplaisir and Marly, as well as the pavilion known as the 'Hermitage', were all raised during the initial construction of Peterhof during the reign of Peter the Great. The Lower Gardens also contain a large greenhouse, and in the Alexandrine Park stands


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: the palace of Nicholas I. Like the Lower Gardens, the Upper Gardens contain many fountains, distributed among seven broad pools. The landscaping, though, is entirely different; unlike the Lower Gardens (which are strictly geometric), the Upper Gardens are not. A few of the fountains have curious sculptures. Peterhof originally in the early 1700s appeared quite different from today. Many of the fountains had not yet been installed. The entire Alexandrine Park and Upper Gardens didn't exist. (The latter was used to grow vegetables, and its ponds, then numbering only three, for fish.) The Samson Fountain and its massive pedestal had


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: not yet been installed in the Sea Channel, and the channel itself was used as a grand marine entrance into the complex. Perhaps the most important change augmenting Peter's design was the elevation of the Grand Palace to central status and prominence. The Grand Palace was originally called simply 'Upper', and was hardly larger than any of the other structures of the complex. The addition of wings, undertaken between 1745 and 1755, was one of the many projects commissioned from the Italian architect Bartolomeo Rastrelli by Elizabeth of Russia. Likewise, the Grand Cascade was more sparsely decorated when initially built.


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: The augmentation of Peterhof's original fountains and the addition of new ones continued well into the 19th century. Peterhof, like Tsarskoye Selo, was captured by German troops in 1941 and held until 1944. In the few months that elapsed between the outbreak of war in the west and the appearance of the German Army, employees were only able to save a portion of the treasures of the palaces and fountains. An attempt was made to dismantle and bury the fountain sculptures, but three quarters, including all of the largest ones, remained in place. On 23 September 1941 German troops captured


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: Peterhof. Two weeks later, on 5 October 1941, Soviet troops tried to recapture the town and block the highway by naval landing. 510 marines of the Soviet Baltic Fleet landed on the beach of the neighboring park of Alexandria but they faced a heavy fire from the Germans. The commander of the operation was killed, all landing troops became disorganised, one landing craft was sunk and another one missed. Despite Soviet attempts to cover the landing forces by coastal artillery from Kronstadt, they were quickly suspended because of lack of connection with the landing troops. Evacuation attempts also failed due


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: to heavy German artillery shelling (only one marine was picked up from the water). Peterhof landing operation failed and all landing troops were blocked from the shore and surrounded. Some of them reached the Lower Gardens and fought until the bitter end, including hand-to-hand combat. The last pockets of resistance were destroyed on 7 October. Several dozen German Shepherd dogs were released into the gardens to find the hiding marines. Many of the wounded marines were bitten to death and several were captured. In 1980 a memorial was erected near the pier of the Lower Gardens. The occupying forces of


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: the German Army largely destroyed Peterhof. Many of the fountains were destroyed, and the palace was partially exploded and left to burn. Restoration work began almost immediately after the end of the war and continues to this day. The Lower Park was reopened to the public in 1945. The name was changed to "Petrodvorets" ("Peter's Palace") in 1944 as a result of wartime anti-German sentiment and propaganda, but the original name was restored in 1997 by the post-Soviet government of Russia. In 2003, Saint Petersburg celebrated its 300th anniversary. As a result, much of the building and statuary in Peterhof


title: "Peterhof Palace" content: has been restored and new gilt-work abounds. The "purpose" of Peterhof was as a celebration and claim to access to the Baltic (while simultaneously, Peter the Great was also expanding on the Black Sea littoral). Thus Peterhof commemorates the imperial expansion (and modernization of Russia). Inside the Peterhof there are many paintings of sea battles by the famous Ivan Aivazovsky. Peterhof Palace The Peterhof Palace (, German for "Peter's Court") is a series of palaces and gardens located in Petergof, Saint Petersburg, Russia, commissioned by Peter the Great as a direct response to the Palace of Versailles by Louis XIV


title: EuroSCORE content: F, Sharples LD, Nilsson J, Smith C, Goldstone AR, Lockowandt U. EuroSCORE II. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 41:734-45 EuroSCORE EuroSCORE (European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation) is a risk model which allows the calculation of the risk of death after a heart operation. The model asks for 17 items of information about the patient, the state of the heart and the proposed operation, and uses logistic regression to calculate the risk of death. It is free to use online. First published in 1999, the model has been adopted worldwide, becoming the most widely used risk index for cardiac surgery,


title: "Bt brinjal" content: as Mahyco, and two agricultural universities - University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (UAS) and Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU) in Coimbatore. An expert committee (EC-I) was set up in 2006 to examine the biosafety data presented by Mahyco. They concluded that while the current data demonstrated that Bt brinjal was safe and equivalent to its non-Bt counterpart, more studies were required to re-affirm the findings and further trials were needed to ascertain the benefits from Bt brinjal with respect to existing methods for pest management and pesticide reduction. They recommended that large scale trials be allowed to go ahead. In


title: "Vietnamese migrant brides in Taiwan" content: these factors (lack of education, disadvantage, and advanced age) typically contribute to trouble in finding a bride locally and thus increase the desire to enter a migrant marriage. For many Taiwanese men, migrant marriages can seem like an easy solution to their household troubles, as a wife can act as a reproductive unit, a housekeeper, and a nurse to his parents. In one study, the percentage of women who reported “housework” as their primary occupation rose from 16.7% while located in Vietnam to 52.4% after being relocated to Taiwan. As can be seen in a woman’s primary motivation for marriage


title: "Fidelity (film)" content: of this, for time is inches and the heart's changes, where ghost has haunted lost and wanted. But this was never a ghost's endeavor, nor finished this, was ghost at ease, and till it pass love shall not near the sweetness here nor sorrow take his endless look." Clélia's first portfolio of photos for "La Verite" creates a sensation and she is congratulated by her colleagues—all except Némo (Guillaume Canet), a sexy young photographer who promptly propositions her upon their first encounter. In spite of her sexual attraction to Némo, Clélia marries Clève in a ceremony marred somewhat by the


title: "T. B. D. Prakasa Rao" content: New Testament Scholars with expertise in Biblical Greek comprising M. P. John, John Philipose, G. Babu Rao, Basil Rebera, and Nitoy Achumi. During Rao's stint with the Auxiliary, common language translation of the scriptures into modern Telugu language were already being undertaken by G. Babu Rao together with his graduate companion S. Israel. On Wednesday, May 30, 2018, Prakasa Rao breathed his last while at his quarter in Bandlaguda Jagir and his funeral mass was held on Friday, June 1, 2018 led by the present Bishop - in - Krishna Godavari, The Right Reverend T. George Cornelius and other clergy


title: "The Sound of Thunder" content: Dirk finally leave the wilderness and discover that a war is brewing between the English and the Boers. He meets and falls in love with a woman called Ruth and they conceive a daughter during a thunderstorm. Ruth runs away to return to her husband who is a soldier in the Boer War, but later, after Sean won many victories in the war, he befriends Saul, Ruth's husband. Saul is killed in battle and Sean, although feeling unnecessarily guilty, finds Ruth and marries her. The commander of the Boers is none other than Sean's old brother-in-law, Jan-Paulus Leroux, brother of


title: "Copenhagen Suborbitals" content: fuel. The spring/summer 2015 test firings used passive pressure blow-down, and in winter 2015/2016 will see the test firings continue with a dynamic pressure (DPR) regulation system, which then will fly on the Nexø II rocket in spring 2018. From 2008 to 2012, the group based the work on a hybrid rocket, using liquid oxygen (LOX) as oxidizer. Originally, the HEAT-1X rocket was to be fuelled by paraffin wax, but a ground test 28 February 2010 revealed that some of the paraffin wax had only partially melted, instead of evaporating. The result was that HEAT-1X had less power than expected.


title: "Louka Katseli" content: regulations, in a tight, heavily protested vote for an austerity program bill. Following a vote of confidence in which she supported Prime Minister George Papandreou she was brought back into the party fold. Katseli was expelled from the PASOK parliamentary group again, after voting against Greece's loan deal with its foreign creditors. On 14 March 2012 she formed the new Social Agreement party, together with Haris Kastanidis. She strongly opposed Europe's bailout policy that gave the right to Greece's lenders to seize the gold reserves in the Bank of Greece, and the fact that future Greek bonds will be managed


title: "Arts in Rome" content: a great number of neoclassical and rococo artists, such as Pannini and Bernardo Bellotto. Today, the city is a major artistic centre, with numerous art institutes and museums. Rome boasts numerous painters and artists, and as a worldwide artistic centre, numerous artists have visited or resided in the city. Examples include Bramante, (1444–1514), Raphael (1483–1520), Perugino (1450–1523), Michelangelo (1475–1564), Benvenuto Cellini (1500–71), Caravaggio (1571–1610), Bernini (1598–1680), Carlo Maderno (1556–1629), Rubens (1577–1640), Angelica Kauffman (1741–1807), Antonio Canova (1757–1821) and Dane Bertel Thorvaldsen (1770–1844). The Cinecittà studios are the biggest in Italy, and are believed to be the biggest in Europe. Rome's


title: "Mastigoproctus giganteus" content: Mastigoproctus giganteus Mastigoproctus giganteus, the giant whip scorpion, also called the giant vinegaroon or grampus, is a species of whip scorpions in the family Thelyphonidae. This species can grow to be long, excluding the tail. They have six legs used for movement, two long antenniform front legs that they use to feel around for prey and detect vibrations, and two large pedipalps modified into claws that they use to crush their prey. They have a long, thin, whip-like tail, the origin of the common name whipscorpion. From the base of this tail they can spray a substance composed of 85%


title: "Mastigoproctus giganteus" content: acetic acid in order to defend themselves. Acetic acid is the main component of vinegar, so the spray smells strongly of vinegar, leading to the common name "vinegarroon". "Mastigoproctus giganteus" have eight eyes: two in a pair on the front of the head and three on each side of the head. These eyes are very weak, so "Mastigoproctus giganteus" navigates mostly by feeling with its long front legs, tail, and pedipalps. It lives in the southern US and in Mexico. "Mastigoproctus giganteus" preys on various insects, worms, and slugs. Mastigoproctus giganteus Mastigoproctus giganteus, the giant whip scorpion, also called the


title: "Tail (horse)" content: injection leads the horse to move stiffly in the hindquarters. Some show-sanctioning organizations have strict penalties for participants who are found to have horses with nerve-blocked tails. Tail (horse) For the plant horsetail see Equisetum. The tail of the horse and other equines consists of two parts, the dock and the skirt. The dock consists of the muscles and skin covering the coccygeal vertebrae. The term "skirt" refers to the long hairs that fall below the dock. On a horse, long, thick tail hairs begin to grow at the base of the tail, and grow along the top and sides


title: "Stephen the Great Monument" content: Stephen the Great Monument The Stephen the Great Monument () is a prominent monument in Chişinău, Moldova. The monument to Stephen the Great was designed by architect Alexandru Plămădeală in 1923. It was erected near the main entrance of the Stephen the Great Park in Central Chişinău. The monument was completed in 1927 and opened on 29 April 1928 (to replace the monument to Alexander II of Russia, destroyed by the Romanian authorities in 1918). The total cost of the monument was 4.000.000 lei. A few days before the 1940 Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina, the monument was


title: "Scepticism in law" content: who wrote book "Mr. Justice Holmes and the Supreme Court" published three years after the death of Holmes, observes in "Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis Ry. V. Browning" that: "It would be a narrow conception of jurisprudence to confine the notion of 'laws' to what is found written on the statute books, and to disregard the gloss which life has written upon it." Statutes and constitutions are inanimate object which cannot speak by themselves. John Chipman Gray, the great American Jurist, who reiterated Holmes's view, writes: "Statutes do not interpret themselves; their meaning is declared by the courts, and it


title: "SIE Worldwide Studios" content: platforms all over the world. XDev has helped to create and publish, titles such as the "LittleBigPlanet", "Buzz!", "MotorStorm" and "Invizimals" series, "Super Stardust HD", "Heavenly Sword", "Heavy Rain", "", "Tearaway" and "Resogun". Partners include independent developers such as Quantic Dream, Magenta Software, Housemarque, Climax Studios, Novarama, Supermassive Games and Sumo Digital, as well as SCE subsidiaries such as Media Molecule and Guerrilla Games. In addition to funding projects, XDev offer full production, project management and game design support. Titles are also supported with community management, online production and dedicated outsourcing management facilities. XDev work directly with Marketing and PR


title: "Volkswagen India" content: of about 98,000 engines annually. Vehicles sold by the company include Vehicles discontinued by the company include Volkswagen India Private Limited's prime focus is to manufacture quality products at its Chakan Plant. It sells its products to a group company viz. Volkswagen Group Sales India Pvt. Ltd., which is based out of Mumbai. Volkswagen Group Sales India Pvt. Ltd. has a large dealer network in India for sale of products manufactured by Volkswagen India Pvt. Ltd. Volkswagen India has 119 showrooms and 147 service centers across 101 cities. however, their service gets delayed due to parts supply comes from outside


title: "Raja Dhach" content: Raja Dhach Raja Dhaj, Ror Kumar or Rai Diyach (), a name by which he is better known among Sindhi Rajputs when they listen to the ballad of Sorath, is an ancient figure made immortal by his abduction of Sorath, a woman of legendary beauty. His deeds are still recounted after hundreds of years in the states of Haryana (the highly popular swaang called Sorath), Rajasthan, Gujarat and Sindh (Sur Sorath, one of the traditional 30 Surs included in Shah Jo Risalo). This unforgettable romance is based on actual history that has to do with the times of the founder


title: Serocee content: effort to refrain from excessive profanity and derogatory lyrics. Serocee's major musical influences span across a number of musical genres from Reggae to Jazz. The most notable artists to influence his music range from the likes of Bob Marley and Ninjaman to Nas, Redman, Stevie Wonder and Ray Charles. "The list goes on I suppose I have an eclectic musical pallet" Serocee said nonchalantly in an interview once. Since moving to London in 1999, he has been busy with various aspects of life both musically and day to day living, "People sometimes don't realise that music is like a relationship,


title: "Dubuque Fighting Saints" content: series to move on. The best-of-five semifinals pitted Dubuque against the Muskegon Lumberjacks. In a back and forth five-game series with neither team notching back-to-back wins, Muskegon would prevail in game 5 by holding off a late game rally for the 3–4 win and take the series. Following the season, head coach Matt Shaw announced that he would be leaving the Saints after accepting a position as an assistant coach at the University of North Dakota The Saints under direction of first year coach Jason Lammers, finished the 2015–16 regular season in third place in the Eastern Conference. For the


title: "Damage to infrastructure in the 2010 Haiti earthquake" content: products had been severely damaged. The Palm Apparel factory complex in Port-au-Prince reported that 500 of its 1800 employees were killed when one of its buildings collapsed. The Haitian art world also suffered great losses. Museums and art galleries were extensively damaged , among them Port-au-Prince's main art museum, Centre d'Art, where many art works were destroyed. The collection at College Saint Pierre also was devastated, as was the collection of priceless murals in the Holy Trinity Cathedral. Some private art galleries were also severely damaged, including the Monnin Gallery in Pétion-Ville, and the Nader Art Gallery and Musée Nader


title: "Mark Keam" content: full-time positions to 30 full-time positions for every 1,000 students. Keam said in 2010 that he would abstain from voting on any bill which would pose a conflict of interest due to him being on an unpaid leave of absence from Verizon Communications, and he would not introduce any telecommunications legislation to the House of Delegates. Keam was re-elected to his seat in Virginia’s House of Delegates on November 7, 2017. Keam has served on the House committees on Agriculture, Chesapeake and Natural Resources (2012–); Education (2012–); Finance (2010–); and Militia, Police and Public Safety (2010–2011). Despite the landslide victory


title: "Wings over Honolulu" content: in Honolulu until she runs into an old friend, Greg, and begins socializing with him. Complications ensue until Lauralee ultimately believes she must leave Stony because she is harmful to his career. When she and Greg are aboard a sailboat, Stony buzzes them in his plane and ends up in a military courtroom, his career at risk. Rosalind gloats that now Stony can be hers, but he goes after Lauralee and all ends well. Wings over Honolulu Wings over Honolulu is a 1937 drama romance film directed by H. C. Potter and starring Wendy Barrie, Ray Milland, Kent Taylor, William


title: "Stephen Duckett" content: Death scandal, to lead improvements in quality and safety as Chief Executive Officer of the Centre for Healthcare Improvement. Duckett was hired by the provincial government of Alberta in the spring of 2009 as President and Chief Executive Officer of its newly created health "superboard", Alberta Health Services with a significant reform agenda. (Alberta Health Services is a quasi-independent agency of the Alberta government created in May 2008 to operate hospitals and other public health services throughout the province of Alberta). Duckett moved to Edmonton Alberta and took up his duties on 23 March of that year. Shortly after his


title: Jews content: Ashkenazi Holocaust survivors who had settled in countries such as the United States, Argentina, Australia, Chile, and South Africa. Some Jews have emigrated from Israel elsewhere, because of economic problems or disillusionment with political conditions and the continuing Arab–Israeli conflict. Jewish Israeli emigrants are known as yordim. The waves of immigration to the United States and elsewhere at the turn of the 19th century, the founding of Zionism and later events, including pogroms in Russia, the massacre of European Jewry during the Holocaust, and the founding of the state of Israel, with the subsequent Jewish exodus from Arab lands, all


title: "Anthony Horneck" content: He added accounts of witchcraft in Sweden to the later editions of the "Sadducismus Triumphatus" of Joseph Glanvill, and wrote a preface to Glanvill's 'Remains,' 1681. He attended Borosky and Stern, convicted of the murder of Thomas Thynne in 1682, and with Gilbert Burnet published an account of their confessions and behaviour. On 5 May 1689, Edward Sclater, vicar of Putney, who had gone over to Rome under James II, recanted publicly at the Savoy, and Horneck published an account of the affair. Three of his four children survived him: Anthony Horneck Anthony Horneck (German: "Anton Horneck"; 1641 – 31


title: "Shashank Manohar" content: at a press conference after his election.“But leaving them behind, it’s now duty of all board members to build the reputation of this board.” “We want to restore the faith of fans that cricket is clean,” Manohar said. Manohar has made six promises which would be implemented in the immediate near future: 1.) Regulating conflict of interest issues: Appointment of an ombudsman or an ethics officer who would be independent of this board and who would look into the complaints as with regards to conflict of interest of the administrators, players or the staff. 2.) Preventing on-field corruption: He said,


title: "Crispin Lipscomb" content: Crispin Lipscomb Crispin Lipscomb (born August 7, 1979 in Edmonton, Alberta) is a Canadian snowboarder, specializing in the halfpipe event. Lipscomb made his World Cup debut in December 2002 at Whistler, and made his first podium later that season, with a bronze at Serre Chevalier. His first World Cup victory came in 2006, at Furano. Lipscomb has claimed 5 World Cup medals over his career, including two victories, and his best season came in 2005, when he placed 5th overall in the halfpipe standings. He has competed at three FIS Snowboarding World Championships, with his best finish a 6th in


title: "Marina Theatre" content: formed charitable Marina Theatre Trust for a period of 15 years whilst retaining ownership of the building. The Marina Theatre Trust is a registered charity number 1149133 and was formed following a successful tender by the venues award-winning management team. Leading experts from within the theatre industry, local business people and people from the local community form the board of trustees. The Friends Of The Marina Theatre acts as a voluntary support to the venue providing some fundraising and volunteer labour. The Marina Theatre Trust took over the running of the Marina Theatre on 1 December 2011 and in Summer


title: "Louis-Antoine-Cyprien Infernet" content: Louis-Antoine-Cyprien Infernet Louis-Antoine-Cyprien Infernet (1757–1815) was a French Navy officer, famous for his bravery at the Battle of Trafalgar. He was born of humble origins near Toulon, a relative of André Masséna, he was rough and spoke in a strong Provençal accent. He joined the French Navy as a cabin boy and performed 'powder monkey' duties too. He was a tall man for the time and of open, agreeable personality. Infernet captained , a Spanish-built 74-gun ship of the line, at the Battle of Trafalgar. "Intrépide" was part of Dumanoir's six-ship vanguard squadron; Nelson's plan left these ships downwind and


title: "Southern Pacific 1673" content: Tucson, Arizona, during which the locomotive pulled an excursion train from the Southern Pacific Depot to the Pacific Fruit Express yard all day long, after which the railroad presented the locomotive to the city. Shortly afterwards, the engine was placed on display in front of the then Pioneers Historical Society (later the Arizona Historical Society). The locomotive was in excellent condition and still operable when donated to the City. In 1962, the locomotive had to be moved to a display location at Himmel Park in Tucson due to construction at the Historical Society to expand the size of its buildings,


title: "Charles Calvert (governor)" content: reduced under his governorship. Captain Calvert was replaced as governor in 1727 by his cousin Benedict Leonard Calvert, though he continued to occupy other colonial offices. He suffered from early senility and died in 1734. Calvert was born Charles Calvert Lazenby in England in 1688. Neither of his parents has been positively identified but it may that his father was Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore, 2nd Proprietor Governor of Maryland (1637–1715), or another member of the Calvert family. His mother's identity in unknown but, judging by the Calvert family papers, she may have been the "Countess Henrietta", also known as


title: "Summit of South American-Arab Countries" content: composed of four hierarchic levels: ASPA's structure, which is described in Paragraph 119 of the "Doha Declaration", also contemplates a coordination body – the Executive Coordination Group –, which is composed by the countries occupying the Presidency of the Arab Summit and of UNASUR, as well as the General Secretariats of the League of Arab States (Arab Regional Coordinator) and of UNASUR (currently being exerted by Brazil until the UNASUR Secretariat is constituted). The host-country of the next ASPA Summit is also invited to be part of the Group. ASPA acts in the areas of political coordination and cooperation among


title: "Chesapeake and Ohio 1308" content: A very similar design, the USRA 2-6-6-2 was chosen by the United States Railroad Administration as one of its standard designs thirty years earlier during World War I. The advantage of the design was that it could be used on the relatively light, tightly curved, branch lines in West Virginia and Kentucky coal country, and that's where it worked for its seven-year working life, making the two-hour run from Peach Creek, near Logan, West Virginia to the Ohio River at Russell, Kentucky with an occasional trip to Hinton, West Virginia. Its use in heavy mountain railroading is emphasized by its


title: "Light Timber Construction schools" content: Light Timber Construction schools Light Timber Construction (or LTC) was the name given to a standardised architectural design used for the construction of hundreds of state school buildings in Victoria, Australia, between 1954 and 1977. LTC school buildings were designed for speed of construction, uniform appearance and low cost. Many LTC school buildings are either being demolished, or refurbished and so intact original-condition examples are becoming rare. Following the end of World War II, there was a sudden increase in the natural birth rate, or "baby boom", in Victoria, as well as a massive increase in immigration. This led to


title: "IF Gnistan" content: beat their opponents by 4–3 and promoted to the second tier of Finnish football after spending 14 seasons in a row in Kakkonen. Gnistan run a number of teams including 4 men's teams, 3 veteran's teams, 2 ladies teams, 11 boys team and 6 girls teams. The club also runs a Football School for youngsters. IF Gnistan are competing in Group A (Lohko A) of the Kakkonen administered by the Football Association of Finland " (Suomen Palloliitto) ". This is the third highest tier in the Finnish football system. In 2009 Gnistan finished in second position in their Kakkonen section.


title: IPad content: spinout of Acorn Computers in which Apple invested. Apple also developed a prototype PowerBook Duo based tablet, the PenLite, but decided not to sell it in order to avoid hurting MessagePad sales. Apple released several more Newton-based PDAs; the final one, the MessagePad 2100, was discontinued in 1998. Apple re-entered the mobile-computing markets in 2007 with the iPhone. Smaller than the iPad, but featuring a camera and mobile phone, it pioneered the multi-touch finger-sensitive touchscreen interface of Apple's iOS mobile operating system. By late 2009, the iPad's release had been rumored for several years. Such speculation mostly talked about "Apple's


title: Brinjevec content: "brinjevec" but it can be bought in small quantities from local farmers as well who distill it for personal use. Kraški Brinjevec Brinjevec Brinjevec Brinjevec (or "Brinovec") is a strong alcoholic drink, produced in the Karst and Brkini regions in Slovenia. It is re-distilled from ground and fermented juniper berries only and it differs from similar drinks that have different alcohol bases with added juniper flavor (compound Gin, Slovak Borovička, Dutch Jenever, Serbian Klekovača, etc.). It has a clear transparent color and it is meant for folk medicinal use and not for regular drinking. It contains between 40% and 50%


title: "L'Esquirol" content: town of Manlleu were replaced by textile workers from the town of Esquirol. The Manlleu workers called the strikebreakers "esquirols" as an insult. The village dates to the 15th century when it formed along the path from Vic to Olot. The settlement started around an inn called the "Hostal de l'Esquirol" on a homestead named "Parai". The village was popularly known as "L'Esquirol". The other name of the village, "Santa Maria de Corcó", was added in 1743 when the Corcó parish relocated to Esquirol, and became the official name of the municipality in Francoist Spain. On 4 June 2014 the


title: "Xenoblade Chronicles" content: one of the best recent role-playing games, while its port was praised for successfully re-creating the game in portable form. It also met with commercial success in both Japan and the West. A spiritual successor by the same development team for the Wii U, "Xenoblade Chronicles X", was released in 2015. A sequel for the Nintendo Switch, "Xenoblade Chronicles 2", was released in 2017. "Xenoblade Chronicles" plays as an action role-playing video game (RPG), where the player controls one character out of a party of three using the Wii Remote and Nunchuk or the Classic Controller. The game employs an


title: "All Saints' Day Flood of 1436" content: All Saints' Day Flood of 1436 The All Saints Day Flood of 1436 () on All Saints' Day (1 November) in 1436 was a storm tide that hit the entire North Sea coast of the German Bight. In the North Frisian village of Tetenbüll alone 180 people died. Eidum on the island of Sylt was destroyed, its inhabitants left and founded the village of Westerland as a result. List on Sylt was also abandoned after the floods and rebuilt further west. Dykes burst along the river Oste and in Kehdingen. The island of Pellworm was separated from neighbouring Nordstrand and


title: "Will Kevans" content: guitarist Elliot Randall. The album was released in February 2010 and received much critical acclaim. "Q Magazine" said "The country flavoured singer-songwriter pop of London Will Kevans can be both delightful & sincere" and the Guitarist Magazine said Kevans "has a great voice & polished pop rock writing." Kevans is a Gibson sponsored artist. Kevans has drawn well-known characters such as Billy No Mates and Postman Prat for "Zit" comic, Dennis the Menace for the BBC, and the Ribena berries. He was chosen to be the Labour Party's caricaturist for their conference in 1997. Tony Blair, Cherie Blair and Mo


title: "ILP Guild of Youth" content: ILP Guild of Youth The ILP Guild of Youth was a British socialist youth organization, the youth wing of the Independent Labour Party. The ILP Guild of Youth was founded in 1924. A year after its founding, the ILP Guild of Youth had 171 branches. The launching of the ILP Guild of Youth provoked the Labour Party to found its League of Youth. By the end of 1927 the organization had 182 branches, with a combined membership of around 9,000. The ILP Guild of Youth published the organ "Flame". Like the Labour League of Youth, the ILP Guild of Youth


title: "Anolis oculatus" content: nocturnal predators cannot reach them. Dominican anoles in some populations are very tolerant of humans, allowing them to approach closely before retreating. It will seek shelter under stones or other ground litter. Dominican anoles are relatively long-living and late maturing compared to mainland anole species. Males mature at a size of 35 mm SVL, and females mature at 40 mm SVL, which they are likely to attain at an age of two or three months old. They breed throughout the year, with a peak at the end of the dry season, particularly in areas such as the north Caribbean coast


title: "2010 Slamdance Film Festival" content: 2010 Slamdance Film Festival The 2010 Slamdance Film Festival took place in Park City, Utah from January 21 to January 28, 2010. It was the 16th iteration of the Slamdance Film Festival, an alternative to the more mainstream Sundance Film Festival. For the 2010 Festival, Slamdance received a record number of over 5,000 submissions and programmed 91 films and concluded with an Awards Ceremony at Red Banjo Pizza on Main Street. New for 2010, a new distribution partnership with Microsoft was announced where four films that screened at the festival would go live on both Zune and Xbox LIVE platforms.


title: "Paul L. Williams (general)" content: all day on 26 January, claiming twelve German tanks destroyed. However, German opposition was increasing in the air as well. On 2 February, six P-40s and four P-39s encountered twenty to thirty Stukas escorted by eight to ten Me 109s. A Stuka was shot down; but so were five P-40s. His most experienced group, the 33d Fighter Group took so many losses that it had to be withdrawn to Morocco to rebuild. Then reverses suffered by the ground forces in the Battle of the Kasserine Pass forced Williams to evacuate his forward airfields around Thélepte. Eighteen aircraft, of which five


title: "Artix Entertainment" content: in one of the company's other games could participate. The game was released to the public on November 5. In 2011, the staff had a mini-game developing contest and ended up making and releasing 10 mini-games on the portal site. Release in June 13, 2015, VelocityAE is a mobile game for Android and IOS. It is a retro arcade runner. It was secretly developed by Rolith, an employee of Artix Entertainment. A test Guardian-only game known as "ZardWars" was developed in order to test how the servers would react to more than one database. Another Guardian-only game called "ArchKnight" was


title: "(I Can't Make It) Another Day" content: (I Can't Make It) Another Day "(I Can't Make It) Another Day" is a song by American recording artist Michael Jackson featuring Lenny Kravitz, released on the posthumous album "Michael" which has sold 6.5 million globally. Initially leaked as a 90-second snippet, it was referred to as "Another Day". Shortly after the leak, singer-songwriter Lenny Kravitz confirmed that he had produced and composed "Another Day"; he stated that although he did not leak the song, he would like to have the full version of the song—in which he also features—officially released. Kravitz later referred to the song as "(I Can't


title: "The Source Awards (30 Rock)" content: writing credit, and was Gardner's first written episode. This episode was Scardino's fourth directed episode of "30 Rock". "The Source Awards" originally aired on March 1, 2007 on NBC as the sixteenth episode of the show's first season and overall of the series. Rapper Ghostface Killah made his second appearance as himself on the show, having appeared in the episode "Jack-Tor", in which he and Jenna Maroney (Jane Krakowski) perform the song "Muffin Top". In one scene of "The Source Awards", Ghostface Killah is drinking Donaghy Estate Sparkling Wine as a music video is shooting, but cannot stand drinking the


title: "Slingsby Petrel" content: has been displayed at Old Warden on Shuttleworth Collection open days. Another, BGA418, the second Petrel, is being restored, though not yet on display, at the Western Antique Aeroplane and Automobile Museum (WAAAM) in Hood River, Oregon, United States. Slingsby Petrel The Slingsby T.13 Petrel was a British single-seat competition glider built by Slingsby Sailplanes just before World War II. The Slingsby Petrel was a development of the German DFS Rhonadler designed by Hans Jacobs. It was a single-seat high-performance sailplane with a span of a little under 18 metres, built of wood with a mixture of plywood and fabric


title: "Margie Day" content: for profit organization incorporated in January 1985, with Margie Day Walker as Executive Director, and which now finds and develops talented children and coaches them in art, drama, music and dance. In 2010, rights-management firm Beach Road Music, LLC, acquired the Coed Records catalog, subsequently re-releasing three digitally re-mastered 1961 Margie Day singles on the compilation album "From The Vault: The Coed Records Lost Master Tapes, Volume 1". Margie Day Walker died on September 18, 2014, in Norfolk, Virginia. Margie Day Margie Day (born Margaret Hoffler, April 6, 1926 – September 18, 2014), later Margie Day Walker, was an American


title: "Grant McLean (film producer)" content: second wife, Betty, and daughter Lenore, from his first marriage to Frances Keith McLean. Grant McLean (film producer) Grant McLean, CM (April 7, 1921 – December 19, 2002) was a Canadian film director and producer. For most of his professional career he worked with the National Film Board of Canada (NFB), serving as its acting Commissioner for a period during the 1960s. McLean was born in Yorkton, Saskatchewan. His father Allan Grant McLean was a grain commissioner and Liberal Party politician, and his uncle Ross McLean also served as chairman of the NFB. McLean studied at the University of Toronto,


title: "Lay judge" content: act caused by events surrounding the occupation of the Ruhr. The emergency decree abolished the jury in the ' and replaced it with a mixed system of three professional judges and six lay judges, but kept the original name. In 1934, nomination of Jews and Communists as lay judges was forbidden, and selection was restricted to Nazi supporters. Between 1948 and 1950 in American-occupied Germany and the Federal Republic of Germany, Bavaria returned to the jury trial as it had existed before the emergency decrees, but they were again abolished by the 1950 Unification Act (') for the Federal Republic.


title: "Sara Wacklin" content: a house in Köpmangatan 12. It was during her retirement in Sweden that she became active as a writer. In 1844-45, she published a popular book, "Hundrade minnen från Österbotten" ("A Hundred Memories of Ostrobothnia"), with humorous and serious stories from Ostrobothnia in the late 18th and early 19th century. The book was a success in both Sweden and Finland, was given good reviews by critics and gave her a good literary reputation. Sara Wacklin died of pneumonia in 1846. She left her fortune to the Helsinki University. A plaque is placed at her former home Köpmangatan 12 in Stockholm


title: "Csehbánya Formation" content: exposure at this locality is between 100–150 m. Most of the fossils are found within the SZ-6 site at the locality, which is interpreted as a lag channel deposit Amber is known from both the Ajka Coal and Csehbánya formations, and is commonly referred to as . However most of the arthropod inclusions in these are undescribed, only being shown in photographs, With only two species of Ceratopogonids (biting midges) in the extant genus "Leptoconops" and the extinct genus "Adelohelea" being described. A list of known taxa is given below. Fishes, amphibians, turtles, squamates, crocodilians, dinosaurs, birds and pterosaurs present


title: "No. 1 Snehatheeram Banglore North" content: No. 1 Snehatheeram Banglore North No. 1 Snehatheeram Bangalore North is a 1995 Malayalam film written by Fazil, directed by Sathyan Anthikkad, and produced by Fazil, starring Mammootty and Priya Raman supported by Innocent, Thilakan, Oduvil Unnikrishnan and Sukumari. Sudhi and Anu are siblings, studying in a boarding school in Ooty. Their parents are separated and they never saw their mother, whom they always long to see. When they come on vacation to their father’s (Vijay Bhaskar - Mammootty) home, they make an attempt to bring back their mother by going on a fast for an indefinite time. Even though


title: "Amrullah Saleh" content: Amrullah Saleh Amrullah Saleh (; born Oct 1972) is a politician in Afghanistan who served as head of the National Directorate of Security from 2004 until his resignation in 2010. Prior to that he was a member of Ahmad Shah Massoud's Northern Alliance. In 1997, Saleh was appointed by mujahideen leader Massoud to serve as Northern Alliance's liaison office inside the Afghan Embassy in Dushanbe, Tajikistan, handling contacts to international non-governmental (humanitarian) organizations and intelligence agencies. In late 2010, Saleh created a pro-democracy and anti-Taliban movement called Basej-e Milli (National Mobilization) and Green Trend. In March 2017, he was appointed


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: Supermarine Spitfire The Supermarine Spitfire is a British single-seat fighter aircraft used by the Royal Air Force and other Allied countries before, during, and after World War II. Many variants of the Spitfire were built, using several wing configurations, and it was produced in greater numbers than any other British aircraft. It was also the only British fighter produced continuously throughout the war. The Spitfire continues to be popular among enthusiasts; nearly 60 remain airworthy, and many more are static exhibits in aviation museums throughout the world. The Spitfire was designed as a short-range, high-performance interceptor aircraft by R. J.


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: Mitchell, chief designer at Supermarine Aviation Works, which operated as a subsidiary of Vickers-Armstrong from 1928. Mitchell pushed the Spitfire's distinctive elliptical wing designed by Beverley Shenstone to have the thinnest possible cross-section, helping give the aircraft a higher top speed than several contemporary fighters, including the Hawker Hurricane. Mitchell continued to refine the design until his death in 1937, whereupon his colleague Joseph Smith took over as chief designer, overseeing the Spitfire's development through . During the Battle of Britain, from July to October 1940, the public perceived the Spitfire to be the main RAF fighter, though the more


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: numerous Hurricane shouldered a greater proportion of the burden against Nazi Germany's air force, the Luftwaffe. However, Spitfire units had a lower attrition rate and a higher victory-to-loss ratio than those flying Hurricanes because of the Spitfire's higher performance. During the battle, Spitfires were generally tasked with engaging Luftwaffe fighters—mainly Messerschmitt Bf 109E-series aircraft, which were a close match for them. After the Battle of Britain, the Spitfire superseded the Hurricane to become the backbone of RAF Fighter Command, and saw action in the European, Mediterranean, Pacific, and South-East Asian theatres. Much loved by its pilots, the Spitfire served in


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: several roles, including interceptor, photo-reconnaissance, fighter-bomber, and trainer, and it continued to serve in these roles until the 1950s. The Seafire was a carrier-based adaptation of the Spitfire that served in the Fleet Air Arm from 1942 through to the mid-1950s. Although the original airframe was designed to be powered by a Rolls-Royce Merlin engine producing 1,030 hp (768 kW), it was strong enough and adaptable enough to use increasingly powerful Merlins and, in later marks, Rolls-Royce Griffon engines producing up to 2,340 hp (1,745 kW). As a result, the Spitfire's performance and capabilities improved over the course of its


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: service life. In 1931, the Air Ministry released specification F7/30, calling for a modern fighter capable of a flying speed of . R. J. Mitchell designed the Supermarine Type 224 to fill this role. The 224 was an open-cockpit monoplane with bulky gull-wings and a large, fixed, spatted undercarriage powered by the , evaporatively cooled Rolls-Royce Goshawk engine. It made its first flight in February 1934. Of the seven designs tendered to F7/30, the Gloster Gladiator biplane was accepted for service. The Type 224 was a big disappointment to Mitchell and his design team, who immediately embarked on a series


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: of "cleaned-up" designs, using their experience with the Schneider Trophy seaplanes as a starting point. This led to the Type 300, with retractable undercarriage and a wingspan reduced by . This design was submitted to the Air Ministry in July 1934, but was not accepted. It then went through a series of changes, including the incorporation of a faired, enclosed cockpit, oxygen-breathing apparatus, smaller and thinner wings, and the newly developed, more powerful Rolls-Royce PV-XII V-12 engine, later named the "Merlin". In November 1934, Mitchell, with the backing of Supermarine's owner Vickers-Armstrong, started detailed design work on this refined version


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: of the Type 300. On 1 December 1934, the Air Ministry issued contract "AM 361140/34", providing £10,000 for the construction of Mitchell's improved Type 300, design. On 3 January 1935, they formalised the contract with a new specification, F10/35, written around the aircraft. In April 1935, the armament was changed from two .303 in (7.7 mm) Vickers machine guns in each wing to four .303 in (7.7 mm) Brownings, following a recommendation by Squadron Leader Ralph Sorley of the Operational Requirements section at the Air Ministry. On 5 March 1936, the prototype ("K5054") took off on its first flight from


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: Eastleigh Aerodrome (later Southampton Airport). At the controls was Captain Joseph "Mutt" Summers, chief test pilot for Vickers, who is quoted as saying "Don't touch anything" on landing. This eight-minute flight came four months after the maiden flight of the contemporary Hurricane. "K5054" was fitted with a new propeller, and Summers flew the aircraft on 10 March 1936; during this flight, the undercarriage was retracted for the first time. After the fourth flight, a new engine was fitted, and Summers left the test flying to his assistants, Jeffrey Quill and George Pickering. They soon discovered that the Spitfire was a


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: very good aircraft, but not perfect. The rudder was oversensitive, and the top speed was just 330 mph (528 km/h), little faster than Sydney Camm's new Merlin-powered Hurricane. A new and better-shaped wooden propeller allowed the Spitfire to reach 348 mph (557 km/h) in level flight in mid-May, when Summers flew "K5054" to RAF Martlesham Heath and handed the aircraft over to Squadron Leader Anderson of the Aeroplane & Armament Experimental Establishment (A&AEE). Here, Flight Lieutenant Humphrey Edwardes-Jones took over the prototype for the RAF. He had been given orders to fly the aircraft and then to make his report


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: to the Air Ministry on landing. Edwardes-Jones' report was positive; his only request was that the Spitfire be equipped with an undercarriage position indicator. A week later, on 3 June 1936, the Air Ministry placed an order for 310 Spitfires, before the A&AEE had issued any formal report. Interim reports were later issued on a piecemeal basis. The British public first saw the Spitfire at the RAF Hendon air display on Saturday 27 June 1936. Although full-scale production was supposed to begin immediately, numerous problems could not be overcome for some time, and the first production Spitfire, "K9787", did not


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: roll off the Woolston, Southampton assembly line until mid-1938. In February 1936, the director of Vickers-Armstrong, Sir Robert MacLean, guaranteed production of five aircraft a week, beginning 15 months after an order was placed. On 3 June 1936, the Air Ministry placed an order for 310 aircraft, at a cost of £1,395,000. Full-scale production of the Spitfire began at Supermarine's facility in Woolston, but order clearly could not be completed in the 15 months promised. Supermarine was a small company, already busy building Walrus and Stranraer flying boats, and Vickers was busy building Wellington bombers. The initial solution was to


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: subcontract the work. Although outside contractors were supposed to be involved in manufacturing many important Spitfire components, especially the wings, Vickers-Armstrong (the parent company) was reluctant to see the Spitfire being manufactured by outside concerns, and was slow to release the necessary blueprints and subcomponents. As a result of the delays in getting the Spitfire into full production, the Air Ministry put forward a plan that its production be stopped after the initial order for 310, after which Supermarine would build Bristol Beaufighters. The managements of Supermarine and Vickers were able to convince the Air Ministry that production problems could


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: be overcome, and a further order was placed for 200 Spitfires on 24 March 1938. The two orders covered the K, L, and N prefix serial numbers. In mid-1938, the first production Spitfire rolled off the assembly line and was flown by Jeffrey Quill on 15 May 1938, almost 24 months after the initial order. The final cost of the first 310 aircraft, after delays and increased programme costs, came to £1,870,242 or £1,533 more per aircraft than originally estimated. A production aircraft cost about £9,500. The most expensive components were the hand-fabricated and finished fuselage at roughly £2,500, then


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: the Rolls-Royce Merlin engine at £2,000, followed by the wings at £1,800 a pair, guns and undercarriage, both at £800 each, and the propeller at £350. In 1935, the Air Ministry approached Morris Motors Limited to ask how quickly their Cowley plant could be turned to aircraft production. In 1936, this informal request for major manufacturing facilities was turned into a formal scheme, known as the shadow factory plan, to boost British aircraft production capacity under the leadership of Herbert Austin. He was given the task of building nine new factories, and to supplement the existing British car manufacturing industry


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: by either adding to overall capacity or increasing the potential for reorganisation to produce aircraft and their engines. In 1938, construction began on the Castle Bromwich Aircraft Factory (CBAF), next to the aerodrome, and the installation of the most modern machine tools then available began two months after work started on the site. Although Morris Motors, under Lord Nuffield (an expert in mass motor-vehicle construction), managed and equipped the factory, it was funded by government money. By the beginning of 1939, the factory's original, estimated cost of £2,000,000 had more than doubled, and even as the first Spitfires were being


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: built in June 1940, the factory was still incomplete, and suffered from personnel problems. The Spitfire's stressed-skin construction required precision engineering skills and techniques that were beyond the capabilities of the local labour force, and it required some time to retrain them. There were problems with management, who ignored Supermarine's tooling and drawings in favour of their own, and the workforce continually threatened strikes or "slow downs" until their demands for higher wages were met. In spite of promises the factory would be producing 60 per week starting in April, by May 1940 Castle Bromwich had not yet built its


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: first Spitfire. On 17 May, Minister of Aircraft Production Lord Beaverbrook telephoned Lord Nuffield and manoeuvred him into handing over control of the Castle Bromwich plant to his ministry. Beaverbrook immediately sent in experienced management staff and workers from Supermarine and gave control of the factory to Vickers-Armstrong. Although resolving the problems took time, in June 1940, 10 Mk IIs were built; 23 rolled out in July, 37 in August, and 56 in September. By the time production ended at Castle Bromwich in June 1945, a total of 12,129 Spitfires (921 Mk IIs, 4,489 Mk Vs, 5,665 Mk IXs, and


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: 1,054 Mk XVIs) had been built. CBAF went on to become the largest and most successful plant of its type during the 1939–45 conflict. As the largest Spitfire factory in the UK, by producing a maximum of 320 aircraft per month, it built 12,000 aircraft of this type, before its closure in 1945. During the Battle of Britain, the Luftwaffe made concerted efforts to destroy the main manufacturing plants at Woolston and Itchen, near Southampton. The first bombing raid, which missed the factories, came on 23 August 1940. Over the next month, other raids were mounted until, on 26 September


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: 1940, both factories were destroyed, with 92 people killed and a large number injured. Most of the casualties were experienced aircraft production workers. Fortunately for the future of the Spitfire, many of the production jigs and machine tools had already been relocated by 20 September, and steps were being taken to disperse production to small facilities throughout the Southampton area. To this end, the British government requisitioned the likes of Vincent's Garage in Station Square, Reading, which later specialised in manufacturing Spitfire fuselages, and Anna Valley Motors, Salisbury, which was to become the sole producer of the wing leading-edge fuel


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: tanks for photo-reconnaissance Spitfires, as well as producing other components. A purpose-built works, specialising in manufacturing fuselages and installing engines, was built at Star Road, Caversham in Reading. The drawing office in which all Spitfire designs were drafted was relocated to Hursley Park, near Southampton. This site also had an aircraft assembly hangar where many prototype and experimental Spitfires were assembled, but since it had no associated aerodrome, no Spitfires ever flew from Hursley. Four towns and their satellite airfields were chosen to be the focal points for these workshops: Southampton's Eastleigh Airport; Salisbury's High Post and Chattis Hill aerodromes;


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: Trowbridge's Keevil aerodrome; and Reading's Henley and Aldermaston aerodromes. An experimental factory at Newbury was the subject of a Luftwaffe daylight raid, but the bombs missed their target and hit a nearby school. Completed Spitfires were delivered to the airfields on large Commer "Queen Mary" low-loader articulated lorries (trucks), there to be fully assembled, tested, then passed on to the RAF. All production aircraft were flight tested before delivery. During the Second World War, Jeffrey Quill was Vickers Supermarine's chief test pilot, in charge of flight testing all aircraft types built by Vickers Supermarine. He oversaw a group of 10


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: to 12 pilots responsible for testing all developmental and production Spitfires built by the company in the Southampton area. Quill devised the standard testing procedures, which with variations for specific aircraft designs operated from 1938. Alex Henshaw, chief test pilot at Castle Bromwich from 1940, was placed in charge of testing all Spitfires built at that factory. He co-ordinated a team of 25 pilots and assessed all Spitfire developments. Between 1940 and 1946, Henshaw flew a total of 2,360 Spitfires and Seafires, more than 10% of total production. Henshaw wrote about flight testing Spitfires: After a thorough preflight check, I


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: would take off and, once at circuit height, I would trim the aircraft and try to get her to fly straight and level with hands off the stick ... Once the trim was satisfactory, I would take the Spitfire up in a full-throttle climb at 2,850 rpm to the rated altitude of one or both supercharger blowers. Then I would make a careful check of the power output from the engine, calibrated for height and temperature ... If all appeared satisfactory, I would then put her into a dive at full power and 3,000 rpm, and trim her to fly


title: "Supermarine Spitfire" content: hands and feet off at IAS (Indicated Air Speed). Personally, I never cleared a Spitfire unless I had carried out a few aerobatic tests to determine how good or bad she was. The production test was usually quite a brisk affair; the initial circuit lasted less than ten minutes and the main flight took between twenty and thirty minutes. Then the aircraft received a final once-over by our ground mechanics, any faults were rectified and the Spitfire was ready for collection. I loved the Spitfire in all of her many versions. But I have to admit that the later marks,