title: "Ewigkeit (band)" content: "Conspiritus" (mixed by John Fryer), a conceptual album examining conspiracy theories, has been hailed by many as "marking a maturation of Ewigkeit's eclectic sound." Also in 2005, a music video was made in collaboration with film-maker Anthony Gates for the track "Its Not Reality". In 2006, Ewigkeit made a live video recording entitled "Ewigkeit - Live From A Bunker", which displayed the project in a live setting acting as a free "online" gig - the 25 minute set (filmed in a Nuclear Bunker in the vicinity of Brighton, England) was uploaded to Google video. Also recorded was a free download


title: Vespoli content: an unreliable supply of spare parts, and uncertain delivery dates. In the summer of 1980, he decided to leave coaching to become a boat builder. By the fall, Mike had secured the rights to manufacture Carbocraft shells in the United States and opened a . shop in Hamden, CT with his father and two employees, Peter Smith, a plant foreman from England, and Ed Kloman, an oarsman turned business executive. In the beginning Vespoli kept the basic Carbocraft design, which came to be known as the “A” hull model but he improved the construction techniques. Vespoli's new shells were well


title: "North South University" content: (NGRI) at NSU was established NGI for discovery and competency development of human welfare aiming to build strengthen the emerging field of genomic research field leadership, which is the first genomic research institute in Bangladesh. The Confucius Institute at NSU was established in February 2006, the only language institute in Bangladesh which offers Chinese-language only education. School of Business and Economics (SBE) School of Humanities & Social Sciences (SHSS) School of Health & Life Sciences (SHLS) School of Engineering & Physical Sciences (SEPS) Extra Curricular Clubs IEEE is the world's largest technical professional organization dedicated to advancing technology for the


title: "Cell disruption" content: Cell disruption Cell disruption is a method or process for releasing biological molecules from inside a cell. The production of biologically interesting molecules using cloning and culturing methods allows the study and manufacture of relevant molecules. Except for excreted molecules, cells producing molecules of interest must be disrupted. This page discusses various methods. A common laboratory-scale mechanical method for cell disruption uses tiny glass, ceramic or steel beads mixed with a sample suspended in aqueous media. First developed by Tim Hopkins in the late 1970s, the sample and bead mix is subjected to high level agitation by stirring or shaking.


title: "Gilmore Field" content: it was being razed. Gilmore Field Gilmore Field was a minor league baseball park in Los Angeles, California, that served as home to the Hollywood Stars of the Pacific Coast League from 1939–57 when they, along with their intra-city rivals, the Los Angeles Angels, were displaced by the transplanted Brooklyn Dodgers of the National League. Gilmore Field opened on May 2, 1939 and was the home of the Hollywood Stars of the Pacific Coast League until September 5, 1957. The stadium had a seating capacity of 12,987 people. It was there on September 23, 1948, that Ronald Reagan introduced President


title: "Primula vulgaris" content: Primula vulgaris Primula vulgaris, the common primrose is a species of flowering plant in the family Primulaceae, native to western and southern Europe, northwest Africa, and parts of southwest Asia. The common name is primrose, or occasionally common primrose or English primrose to distinguish it from other "Primula" species also called primroses. The scientific name "Primula" is a diminutive of the Latin "primus", "prime", alluding to the fact that this flower is among the first to appear in spring. The vernacular name has the same meaning: primrose derives from a late Latin form "prima rosa", consisting of "prima", "first" (feminine),


title: "Primula vulgaris" content: and "rosa", "rose". It is a perennial growing tall, with a basal rosette of leaves which are more-or-less evergreen in favoured habitats. It flowers in early spring in the northern hemisphere (February-April) on slopes and meadows. The leaves are 5–25 cm long and 2–6 cm broad, often heavily wrinkled, with an irregularly crenate to dentate margin. The leaf blade is gradually attenuated towards the base and unevenly toothed. The single stem, extremely short, is hidden in the centre of the leaf rosette. The delicately scented flowers are 2–4 cm in diameter, borne singly on short slender stems. The flowers are


title: "Primula vulgaris" content: typically pale yellow, though white or pink forms are often seen in nature. The flowers are actinomorphic with a superior ovary which later forms a capsule opening by valves to release the small black seeds. The flowers are hermaphrodite but heterostylous; individual plants bear either "pin" flowers (longuistylous flower: with the capita of the style prominent) or "thrum" flowers (brevistylous flower: with the stamens prominent). Fertilisation can only take place between pin and thrum flowers. Pin-to-pin and thrum-to-thrum pollination is ineffective. The original range of encompasses western and southern Europe. In the north, the distribution area extends from central Norway


title: "Primula vulgaris" content: near the Faroe Islands via the British Isles, Denmark, northern Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium and France to southern Portugal in the south and the tip of North Africa in Algeria. To the east, the range extends through the southern European peninsulas to the Crimea, Balkans, Syria, Turkey and Armenia. In appropriate conditions, the primrose can cover the ground in open woods and shaded hedgerows. It is found mainly by streams, under bushes, in orchards and clear, moist deciduous forests. Occasionally it also appears in meadows. In Central Europe plants thrive best on nutrient-rich, but lime-poor, humus-rich, loose and often stony


title: "Primula vulgaris" content: loam soils in winter-mild situations. In more populated areas it has sometimes suffered from over-collection and theft so that few natural displays of primroses in abundance can now be found. However it is common on motorway verges and railway embankments where human intervention is restricted. To prevent excessive damage to the species, picking of primroses or the removal of primrose plants from the wild is illegal in many countries, e.g. the UK Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Section 13, part 1b). Most (90%) individuals are heterostylous, the minority monostylous. The flowers of the species are visited by a variety of


title: "Primula vulgaris" content: insects, such as butterflies (Lepidoptera), Hymenoptera, beetles (Coleoptera) and Diptera. Which visitors pollinate plants is not fully established. However, good pollinators are said to be bumblebees and hairy flies of the genus "Bombylius". However, the most common visitors to the flowers are small beetles of the genus "Meligethes" – often there are up to 12 or more pollen-covered individuals in a single flower. The beetles also fly from flower to flower and, at least theoretically, are well suited as pollinators. The seeds have an elaiosome and are spread by ants (myrmecochory). There are three subspecies: The primrose is distinguished from


title: "Primula vulgaris" content: other species of "Primula" by its pale yellow (in the nominate subspecies) flowers produced singly on long flower stalks which are covered in rather shaggy hairs. The flowers open flat rather than concave as in the case of "Primula veris", the cowslip. A pink form is widely seen, growing amongst the much more common yellow forms; this may be a genetic variant rather than a garden escape. Occasional red forms are more likely to be naturalised from garden varieties. The wild primrose is a staple of cottage garden plantings, and is widely available as seeds or young plants. It grows


title: "Primula vulgaris" content: best in moist but well-drained soil in light shade. It is increased by seed and division. Hybrids exist in all sorts of colors such as white, yellow and red, or brown and red in all gradations, furthermore dark red, pink, purple, purple, dark brown, dark blue. The throat is usually colored rich yellow. Primrose breeding of named coloured varieties became popular in the nineteenth and early twentieth century. Numerous cultivars have been selected for garden planting, often derived from subsp. "sibthorpii" or hybrids between the subspecies; these and other garden hybrids are available in a wide range of colours and


title: "Primula vulgaris" content: with an extended flowering season. The term "Polyanthus", or "P. polyantha", refers to various tall-stemmed and multi-coloured strains of "P. vulgaris" x "P. veris" hybrids. Though perennial, they may be short-lived and are typically grown from seed or from young plants as biennials. "P. vulgaris" and its subspecies "sibthorpii" have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. Both flowers and leaves are edible, the flavour ranging between mild lettuce and more bitter salad greens. The leaves can be cooked in soup but preferably with other plants because they are sometimes a little strong. The leaves can also be


title: "Primula vulgaris" content: used for tea, and the young flowers can be made into primrose wine. In the past the whole plant and especially the root were considered to have analgesic, anti-spasmodic, diuretic and expectorant properties. It contains small amounts of saponins, and was given for colds. The primrose was Benjamin Disraeli's favourite flower; Primrose Day and the Primrose League were given their names in honour of this. It was voted the county flower of Devon in 2002 following a poll by the wild flora conservation charity Plantlife. Primroses also appear as a charge in heraldry, for example the coat of arms of


title: "Primula vulgaris" content: the Earl of Rosebery. Primula vulgaris Primula vulgaris, the common primrose is a species of flowering plant in the family Primulaceae, native to western and southern Europe, northwest Africa, and parts of southwest Asia. The common name is primrose, or occasionally common primrose or English primrose to distinguish it from other "Primula" species also called primroses. The scientific name "Primula" is a diminutive of the Latin "primus", "prime", alluding to the fact that this flower is among the first to appear in spring. The vernacular name has the same meaning: primrose derives from a late Latin form "prima rosa", consisting


title: "Spanish rice" content: Spanish rice Mexican rice, red rice or arroz rojo is a Mexican side dish or an ingredient in other dishes made from white rice, tomatoes, garlic, onions, etc. It is traditionally made by sautéing the rice in a skillet with oil or fat until it is colored golden brown. Water or chicken broth is then added, along with tomatoes in the form of chopped tomatoes or tomato sauce. Mexican rice is not a popular dish in Spain or Spanish cuisine, and is yellow in color due to the inclusion of saffron. Mexican rice in Mexico however is red, probably from


title: "Spanish rice" content: being cooked with tomato sauce or tomato paste. This "red rice" comes from the name in Mexico, . Although it is also called "Spanish rice", this dish is unknown in Spain. The term "Spanish rice" is not used by Mexicans or Mexican food enthusiasts; the dish is usually simply referred to as ("rice") or ("red rice") in Mexico. In English, a classic rice dish from Spain, paella, may be known as "yellow rice" or "Spanish yellow rice", as it uses saffron, which gives the dish a distinct yellow hue. Spanish rice Mexican rice, red rice or arroz rojo is a


title: "United States administrative law" content: "Accardi v. Shaughnessy", . Courts must defer to administrative agency interpretations of the authority granted to them by Congress (1) where the intent of Congress was ambiguous and (2) where the interpretation was reasonable or permissible. "Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc.", . "Chevron" is probably the most frequently cited case in American administrative law. There are five levels of rulemaking procedure: "Nonlegislative rules" include three main classes: A class called "guidance" includes all rules not promulgated by legislative procedure, such as guidance, guidelines, agency staff manuals, staff instructions, opinion letters, interpretive memoranda, policy statements, guidance manuals


title: "Stanley Sadie" content: of American Music", (with H. Wiley Hitchcock, four volumes, 1986), and "The New Grove Dictionary of Opera" (four volumes, 1992). He also edited composer biographies based on the entries in "Grove". Outside his work on the "Grove" dictionaries, Sadie edited the "Man and Music" volumes accompanying a television series (1989–1993). He was also an accomplished bassoonist. Sadie died at his home in Cossington, Somerset, 21 March 2005, of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's disease), which had been diagnosed only a few weeks earlier. Sadie married twice. His first wife, Adèle Sadie "(née" Bloom; 1931–1978) – who he married in 1953


title: "Architecture of Birmingham" content: country. As well as designing Four Oaks Hall for Lord Ffolliot, he also designed Moat House for him and his wife. This was completed in 1680. Four Oaks Hall no longer survives, however, Moat House remains untouched with listed building status. Birmingham began to expand during the 18th century due to the Industrial Revolution and the prosperity that it brought with it. The expansion of the town's industry brought industrialists to the town, and they constructed their own houses as well as modifying existing ones. Communities within Birmingham's boundaries also began to expand, resulting in the construction of houses and


title: "Antoine Predock" content: New Mexico. At one point, Schlegel advised Predock that he had reaped all that the university had to offer, and then encouraged him to apply elsewhere. Predock was accepted to the University of Colombia, where he obtained his Bachelors Degree in Architecture. Named a 2015 Royal Institute of British Architects International Fellow Follow Royal Architectural Institute of Canada 2014 Doctor of Humane Letters, University of Minnesota, 2001, Honorary Fellow, American Academy in Rome, 1985 William Kinne Fellows Traveling Prize, Columbia University 1962-63 Columbia University, New York, 1962, Bachelors of Architecture University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, 1957-1961 University of Missouri-Columbia, Engineering


title: "Fire station" content: Fire station A fire station (also called a fire house, fire hall, firemen's hall, or engine house) is a structure or other area for storing firefighting apparatus such as fire engines and related vehicles, personal protective equipment, fire hoses and other specialized equipment. Fire stations frequently contain working and living space for the firefighters and support staff. In large US cities, fire stations are often named for the primary fire companies and apparatus housed there, such as "Ladder 49". Other fire stations are named based on the district, neighborhood, town or village where they are located, or given a number.


title: "Fire station" content: A fire station will at a minimum have a garage for housing at least one fire engine. There will also be storage space for equipment. The most important equipment is however stored in the vehicle itself. The approaches to a fire station are often posted with warning signs, and there may be a traffic signal to stop or warn traffic when apparatus are leaving or returning to the station. Activities at a fire station include regular inspection and cleaning of the apparatus and equipment, and training work. Weekly or bi-weekly routine typically includes various drills in which firefighters practice their


title: "Fire station" content: skills; some fire stations have a drill tower for practicing high-rise rescue. In a single story station, a tower-like structure is also used to hang hoses to dry. Some fire companies also host public activities at the fire station during events such as a "fire prevention week", and the facility may also be used for fund-raising by the "firemen's association", "fire buffs", or "fire auxiliary". If the station is occupied full-time by career firefighters, it will contain living quarters and work areas, where they wait until a callout comes through. Career firefighters are usually able to sleep during a night


title: "Fire station" content: shift, so these stations will also have dormitories. There will be an alarm system to alert them of an emergency call, and to give some indication of where and what the emergency is. In some small fire departments, the only alarm may be a telephone for receiving calls. Many fire stations were built with the living quarters above the garage. This arrangement is common for fire stations built in a crowded city, and also allows for a raised area to hang hoses to dry to prevent damage. The fireman's pole was invented to allow firefighters to quickly descend to the


title: "Fire station" content: garage. In modern times, agencies such as the National Fire Protection Association have argued that these pose a safety hazard. Modern fire stations are often built with the living quarters on the same level as the garage. Some fire stations are not regularly occupied, with the firefighting carried out by volunteer or retained firefighters. In this case, the firefighters are summoned to the fire station by siren, radio or pagers, where they will then deploy the fire engine. These fire stations may still have office space for the firefighters, a library of reference and other materials, and a "trophy wall"


title: "Fire station" content: or case where the firefighters display memorabilia. Fire station A fire station (also called a fire house, fire hall, firemen's hall, or engine house) is a structure or other area for storing firefighting apparatus such as fire engines and related vehicles, personal protective equipment, fire hoses and other specialized equipment. Fire stations frequently contain working and living space for the firefighters and support staff. In large US cities, fire stations are often named for the primary fire companies and apparatus housed there, such as "Ladder 49". Other fire stations are named based on the district, neighborhood, town or village where


title: "Alan Budikusuma" content: Alan Budikusuma Alexander Alan Budikusuma (born 29 March 1968, as Goei Djien Phang; ) is a former Indonesian badminton player who excelled at the world level from the late 1980s to the mid-1990s. In 1991 he was runner-up to China's Zhao Jianhua at the IBF World Championships in Copenhagen. He won the 1992 Olympic men's singles gold medal at Barcelona, defeating fellow countryman Ardy Wiranata in the final. This achievement, together with a gold medal for his then fiance Susi Susanti, was historical for Indonesia winning the first Olympic golden medals in 50 years history of the country. A crowd


title: "Fred Wilson (politician)" content: Fred Wilson (politician) Fred Wilson (born ) is a former politician in Ontario, Canada. He served as a New Democratic Party member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1990 to 1995, and was a cabinet minister in the government of Bob Rae. Wilson was born in Toronto. He went to school at Algonquin College and the University of Ottawa. After graduation, he joined the army where he was stationed in Kingston, Ontario. After leaving the army he worked at Bell Canada and then as a sector representative at the Workers' Compensation Board in Kingston. Wilson was elected to the


title: Bruschetta content: Bruschetta Bruschetta is an antipasto (starter dish) from Italy consisting of grilled bread rubbed with garlic and topped with olive oil and salt. Variations may include toppings of tomato, vegetables, beans, cured meat, or cheese. A popular dish is bruschetta with tomatoes; one recipe popular outside Italy involves basil, fresh tomato, garlic and onion or mozzarella. Bruschetta is usually served as a snack or appetizer. In some countries, the prepared topping is marketed as bruschetta. In Italy, bruschetta is often prepared using a brustolina grill. In the Abruzzo region of Italy a variation of bruschetta made with a salame called


title: Bruschetta content: ventricina is served. Raw pork products and spices encased in pig bladder are aged and the paste spread on open slices of bread which are sometimes grilled. The dish was developed as a way of salvaging bread that was going stale. In Tuscany it is called "fettunta" and it is usually served without toppings, especially in November, to taste the first oil of the season. Bruschetta originated in Italy during 16th century. However, stems of the dish can be traced back to Ancient Rome, when olive growers would bring their olives to a local olive press and taste a sample


title: Bruschetta content: of their freshly pressed oil using a slice of bread. In Italian and non-English-speaking countries, bruschetta is pronounced . In English-speaking countries, it is sometimes anglicised as . The noun "bruschetta" (plural "bruschette") comes from the Roman dialect verb "bruscare", the equivalent of the Italian word "abbrustolire" which means 'to toast', or 'to roast over coals'. Toasting bread and soaking it with freshly pressed olive oil is "a practice probably as old as Rome itself". In the United States, the word is sometimes used to refer to a prepared topping, sold in jars and usually tomato-based, instead of the bread,


title: Bruschetta content: a sense which is unknown in Italian. Bruschetta Bruschetta is an antipasto (starter dish) from Italy consisting of grilled bread rubbed with garlic and topped with olive oil and salt. Variations may include toppings of tomato, vegetables, beans, cured meat, or cheese. A popular dish is bruschetta with tomatoes; one recipe popular outside Italy involves basil, fresh tomato, garlic and onion or mozzarella. Bruschetta is usually served as a snack or appetizer. In some countries, the prepared topping is marketed as bruschetta. In Italy, bruschetta is often prepared using a brustolina grill. In the Abruzzo region of Italy a variation


title: "Constitution of Texas" content: single section declaring that railroads are considered "public highways" and railroad carriers "common carriers". Eight other sections were repealed in 1969. Article 11 recognizes counties as legal political subunits of the State, grants certain powers to cities and counties, empowers the legislature to form school districts. Texas operates under Dillon's Rule: counties and special districts are not granted home rule privileges, while cities and school districts have those privileges only in the limited instances specified below. Sections 4 and 5 discuss the operation of cities based on population. Section 4 states that a city with a population of 5,000 or


title: "Hank Williams the Roy Orbison Way" content: years earlier. The songs came from Orbison's then manager Wesley Rose. The album was released without a single. All tracks composed by Hank Williams, except where indicated. This album was only released in the US. Produced by Don Gant Arranged by Jim Hall Hank Williams the Roy Orbison Way Hank Williams The Roy Orbison Way is the fourteenth album recorded by Roy Orbison, and the eighth for MGM Records, released in August 1970. It is a tribute album to the songs of Country Music Hall of Fame honky tonk singer Hank Williams, whom Orbison listed among his influences. The album


title: "Dungan Revolt (1862–77)" content: the rebellion. After successfully repulsing Zuo Zongtang's initial assault in 1872 and inflicting heavy losses on Zuo's army, Ma Zhan'ao offered to surrender his stronghold to the Qing, and provide assistance to the dynasty for the duration of the war. He managed to preserve his Dungan community with his diplomatic skill. While Zuo Zongtang pacified other areas by exiling the local Muslims (with the policy of "washing off the Muslims" () approach that had been long advocated by some officials), in Hezhou, the non-Muslim Han were the ones Zuo chose to relocate as a reward for Ma Zhan'ao and his


title: "Burleigh Heads, Queensland" content: by 1885, there was only one accommodation house run by Fredrick Fowler and very few, if any, privately owned houses. Further subdivisions and land sales took place in Burleigh during 1914, 1915, 1930, 1929 and 1947. On 11 November 1879, the Queensland Government created 74 division of local government which saw Burleigh Heads zoned into the Nerang Division. On 9 December 1948, as part of a major reorganisation of local government in South East Queensland an Order in Council replaced ten former local government areas between the City of Brisbane and the New South Wales border with four new local


title: "Salvia argentea" content: Salvia argentea Salvia argentea, the silver sage, silver salvia, or silver clary, is a biennial or short-lived perennial plant that is native to an area in southern Europe from Portugal to Bulgaria. Its specific epithet, "argentea", refers to the silvery leaves. "Salvia argentea" has a large spread of basal leaves that measure wide and high. The individual leaves are long and wide. Both leaf surfaces are heavily covered with silky hairs that give it a wooly appearance. The leaves are soft to the touch, first emerging as a distinctive silvery white and then turning to grey-green after flowering. Cool weather


title: "Salvia argentea" content: in the fall turns the leaves silvery again. Flowers appear in spring or summer on candelabra-like stalks that rise well above the foliage. The inconspicuous white flowers are tinged with yellow or pink. Cutting the flowers before they set seed results in a long-lived plant. Salvia argentea Salvia argentea, the silver sage, silver salvia, or silver clary, is a biennial or short-lived perennial plant that is native to an area in southern Europe from Portugal to Bulgaria. Its specific epithet, "argentea", refers to the silvery leaves. "Salvia argentea" has a large spread of basal leaves that measure wide and high.


title: "Welsh Pony and Cob" content: Welsh Pony and Cob The Welsh Pony and Cob is a group of four closelyrelated horse breeds including both pony and cob types, which originated in Wales in the United Kingdom. The four sections within the breed society for the Welsh breeds are primarily distinguished by height, and also by variations in type: the smallest Welsh Mountain Pony (Section A); the slightly taller but refined Welsh Pony of riding type (Section B) popular as a children's show mount; the small but stocky Welsh Pony of Cob Type (Section C), popular for riding and competitive driving; and the tallest, the Welsh


title: "Welsh Pony and Cob" content: Cob (Section D), which can be ridden by adults. Welsh ponies and cobs in all sections are known for their good temperament, hardiness, and free-moving gaits. Native ponies existed in Wales before 1600 BC, and a Welsh-type cob was known as early as the Middle Ages. They were influenced by the Arabian horse, and possibly also by the Thoroughbred and the Hackney horse. In 1901, the first stud book for the Welsh breeds was established in the United Kingdom, and in 1907 another registry was established in the United States. Interest in the breed declined during the Great Depression, but


title: "Welsh Pony and Cob" content: revived in the 1950s. Throughout their history, the Welsh breeds have had many uses, including as a cavalry horse, a pit pony, and as a working animal on farms. Today, the modern Welsh Pony and Cob breeds are used for many equestrian competitive disciplines, including showing, jumping, and driving, as well as for pleasure riding, trekking and trail riding. The smaller types are popular children's ponies. The Welsh also crosses well with many other breeds and has influenced the development of many British and American horse and pony breeds. Evidence suggests that a native pony existed in Wales before 1600


title: "Welsh Pony and Cob" content: BC. The original Welsh Mountain Pony is thought to have evolved from this prehistoric Celtic pony. Welsh ponies were primarily developed in Wales, and their ancestors existed in the British Isles prior to the arrival of the Roman Empire. Bands of ponies roamed in a semi-feral state, climbing mountains, leaping ravines, and running over rough moorland terrain. They developed into a hardy breed due to the harsh climate, limited shelter, and sparse food sources of their native country. At some point in their development, the Welsh breeds had some Arab blood added, although this did not take away the physical


title: "Welsh Pony and Cob" content: characteristics that make the breed unique. The Welsh Cob existed as a type as early as the Middle Ages, and mentions of such animals can be found in medieval Welsh literature. During this time, they were known for their speed, jumping ability, and carrying capacity. Before the introduction of large, "coldblood" draught horse breeds, they were used for farm work and timbering. In 1485 the Welsh Militia, riding local animals presumed to be ancestors of the modern Welsh Cob, assisted Henry Tudor in gaining the English throne. During the 15th century, similar small horses were also used as rounceys, leading


title: "Welsh Pony and Cob" content: war horses known as destriers. The characteristics of the breed as known today are thought to have been established by the late 15th century, after the Crusaders returned to England, with Arab stallions from the Middle East. In the 16th century, King Henry VIII, thinking to improve the breeds of horses, particularly war horses, ordered the destruction of all stallions under and all mares under in the Breed of Horses Act 1535. The laws for swingeing culls of 'under-height' horses were partially repealed by a decree by Queen Elizabeth I in 1566 on the basis that the poor lands could


title: "Welsh Pony and Cob" content: not support the weight of the horses desired by Henry VIII because of "their rottenness ... [they] are not able to breed beare and bring forth such great breeds of stoned horses as by the statute of 32 Henry VIII is expressed, without peril of miring and perishing of them", and (fortunately for the future of Britain's mountain and moorland pony breeds) many ponies in their native environments, including the Welsh breeds, therefore escaped the slaughter. On the upland farms of Wales, Welsh ponies and cobs would often have to do everything from ploughing a field to carrying a farmer


title: "Welsh Pony and Cob" content: to market or driving a family to services on Sunday. When coal mining became important to the economy of Wales, many Welsh ponies were harnessed for use in mines, above and below ground. In the 18th century and 19th century, more Arab blood was added by stallions who were turned out in the Welsh hills. Other breeds have also been added, including the Thoroughbred, Hackney, Norfolk Roadster, and the Yorkshire Coach Horse. Before the car was developed, the quickest mode of transport in Wales was the Welsh Cob. Tradesmen, doctors, and other businessmen often selected ponies by trotting them the


title: "Welsh Pony and Cob" content: 35 uphill miles from Cardiff to Dowlais. The best ponies could complete this feat in under three hours, never breaking gait. Formal breeding stock licensing was introduced in 1918, but before this, breeding stock was selected by such trotting tests. In 1901 English and Welsh breeders established a breeders' association, the Welsh Pony and Cob Society, and the first stud book was published in 1902. It was decided that the Welsh Stud Book should be separated into sections divided by type and height. Welsh Ponies were originally only classified as Section A, but in 1931, with the rising demand for


title: "Welsh Pony and Cob" content: riding ponies for children, Section B was added. In the first stud books, the Section B was the Welsh Pony of Cob Type, and the Welsh Cob was Section C and Section D. The upper height limit for Section D Cobs was removed in 1907 and in 1931 Sections C and D were combined as simply Section C. The current standards of Cobs as Sections C and D were finalised in 1949. Until the mid 20th century, the British War Office considered the Welsh Cob so valuable that they paid premiums to the best stallions. After World War II, only


title: "Welsh Pony and Cob" content: three stallions were registered in Section C, but numbers have since recovered. A small semi-feral population of about 120 animals still roams the Carneddau mountains in Snowdonia, Wales. Welsh ponies were first exported to the United States in the 1880s, and large numbers were exported between 1884 and 1910. They adapted easily to the terrain and climate variations they encountered in Canada and the United States. An American association, also named the Welsh Pony and Cob Society, formed in 1906, and by 1913 a total of 574 ponies had been registered. During the Great Depression, interest in the breed declined,


title: "Welsh Pony and Cob" content: but made a comeback in the 1950s. The population continued to grow: in 1957, when annual studbooks began to be published, 2881 ponies had been registered; by 2009, the number was more than 34,000. All Welsh ponies and cobs in the United States descend from ponies registered in the UK stud-book. The stallion Dyoll Starlight was credited with being the foundation sire of the modern breed, and was a combination of Welsh and Arab breeding. From his line came an influential stallion of the Section B type: Tan-y-Bwlch Berwyn. This stallion was sired by a Barb and out of a


title: "Welsh Pony and Cob" content: mare from the Dyoll Starlight line. Influential stallions on the Section C and D bloodlines include: Trotting Comet, foaled in 1840 from a long line of trotting horses; True Briton, foaled in 1930, by a trotting sire and out of an Arab mare; Cymro Llwyd, foaled in 1850, by an Arab stallion and out of a trotting mare; and Alonzo the Brave, foaled in 1866, tracing his ancestry through the Hackney breed to the Darley Arabian. The Welsh crosses well with many other breeds, and has influenced the Pony of the Americas and the British Riding Pony. Many are also


title: "Welsh Pony and Cob" content: cross-bred with Thoroughbreds, and other horse breeds. The Welsh Pony has contributed to the founding of several other horse and pony breeds. The Morgan horse is one such breed, being in part descended from Welsh Cobs left behind by British forces after the end of the American Revolutionary War. They are crossed with Arab horses to produce riding horses, and with Thoroughbreds to produce jumpers, hunters, and eventers. Welsh mares have also been used to breed polo ponies that were agile and nimble. The Welsh Pony was used to create the Welara, a cross-breed of the Welsh and the Arab


title: "Welsh Pony and Cob" content: horse, which has been registered in America as a separate breed since 1981. All sections of Welsh ponies and Cobs have small heads with large eyes, sloped shoulders, short backs and strong hindquarters. The forelegs are straight and the cannon bone short. The tail is high-set. The breed ranges from for the smallest ponies to over for the tallest Cobs. They may be any solid colour, but not piebald, skewbald, (US: pinto) or leopard-spotted. Black, grey, chestnut and bay are the most common, but there are also duns and palominos. However, it should be noted that British equine colour terminology


title: "Welsh Pony and Cob" content: commonly refers to the buckskin colour, which is caused by the same dilution gene that produces palomino, as "dun", but the true dun gene is extremely rare in the Welsh breed. Their movement is bold, free and characteristically fast, especially at the trot, with great power coming from the hocks. Their trot has been favourably compared to that of the Standardbred horse. They are reputed to be trustworthy, of a good disposition with even temperaments and friendly characters, but spirited and with great endurance, and are known for their stamina, soundness, and high level of intelligence. The Welsh Pony has


title: "Welsh Pony and Cob" content: been put to many uses. Historically, they were used for postal routes and in coal mines. The British War Office used the Welsh Cob to pull heavy guns and equipment through terrain where motorised vehicles could not, and also used them for mounted infantry. Today, they are used as riding and driving ponies for both children and adults. Welshes today are also used in dressage, endurance riding, general riding, hunting, jumping, and work activities. They have proven their ability at driving in Fédération Équestre Internationale (FEI) level competition, and have been used for dressage. They also compete against one another


title: "Welsh Pony and Cob" content: in breed show competition as hunters, eventers, and western pleasure horses. The abilities of the Welsh Pony were showcased in 2008 when the first champion Large Pony Hunter to be made into a model Breyer horse was a grey Welsh Pony gelding. They were formerly much used as docks carthorses in Liverpool Docks. Welsh Pony and Cob The Welsh Pony and Cob is a group of four closelyrelated horse breeds including both pony and cob types, which originated in Wales in the United Kingdom. The four sections within the breed society for the Welsh breeds are primarily distinguished by height,


title: "Salvia spathacea" content: Salvia spathacea Salvia spathacea, the California hummingbird sage, hummingbird sage, or pitcher sage, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae, native to southern and central California growing from sea level to . This fruity scented sage blooms in March to May with typically dark rose-lilac colored flowers. It is cultivated in gardens for its attractive flowering spikes and pleasant scent. The pitcher sage is found in the California coast ranges from the Sacramento Valley south to the San Diego area. It is a common species that grows on open or shady slopes in moist oak woodland, chaparral,


title: "Salvia spathacea" content: and coastal sage scrub not far from the Pacific Ocean. "Salvia spathacea" is an evergreen perennial with flowering stems growing from a woody base, tall. When not flowering plants grow less than tall, forming clumps of sprawling foliage. Unlike most sages, the flowering stems are produced singly from each plant and only rarely branch. It spreads by rhizomes and can form colonies up to in diameter. Like many species in the mint family it has very pronounced square stems, and the entire plant is covered with wavy glandular hairs. Its bright green leaves are 8–20 cm. long, and highly aromatic


title: "Salvia spathacea" content: when crushed or touched. They are oblong to almost arrowhead-shaped at the base, and can be puckered with wrinkles, and have rounded teeth at the leaf edges. Like the rest of the plant, they are covered with hairs which make the plant soft to the touch. The hairs tend to be denser on the bottom surface of the leaves. The flowers are produced in clustered whorled inflorescences long and 6 cm in diameter on spike-like stems with each node on the top half of the stem having flowers. The inflorescences are subtended by showy bracts which can be ruby red


title: "Salvia spathacea" content: to dark maroon or brown. The calyx is 1.5 to 3 cm. long. It is two-lipped, with the upper lip entire, or unlobed. Each corolla is tubular and 2.5-3.5 cm. long, with 2 lips. The upper lip of the corolla is 7–8 mm., with two shallow lobes, while the lower lip is longer, 10–12 mm. The two fertile stamens are attached to the corolla tube. The style is forked. Both the style and the stamens protrude outside the corolla tube. Flowers vary in color from green through light pink and magenta to purple. The fruits are 4 nutlets, dark brown


title: "Salvia spathacea" content: to black in color. They are round to ovate, with a length of 3.5 to 6.5 mm. "Salvia spathacea" is easy to grow in the garden, and is a very useful groundcover for dry shade under oaks. Unlike other California native sages, it spreads from underground rhizomes. It will also grow in the open, in ordinary garden soil, in part or even full sun. Supplemental water can help encourage a longer flowering season, but a late summer rest from watering is desirable. As the alternative common name suggests, it is used by feeding hummingbirds and will attract them to the


title: "Salvia spathacea" content: garden. Deer and gophers generally leave this strongly aromatic plant alone. It easily propagates by seeds or rhizomes. Seeds should be collected as early as possible, or they can be predated by insects. "S. spathacea" can get powdery mildew, which can be treated with a spray of milk diluted in water. Several cultivars exist although some selections are stronger than others. One showy cultivar is "Confetti," which has both yellow and pink flowers on the same plant. The more robust cultivars include "Powerline Pink," with magenta to crimson flowers, which will grow in hot sun, even inland, and "Avis Keedy,"


title: "Salvia spathacea" content: which has light yellow flowers. "Salvia spathacea" has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. Salvia spathacea Salvia spathacea, the California hummingbird sage, hummingbird sage, or pitcher sage, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae, native to southern and central California growing from sea level to . This fruity scented sage blooms in March to May with typically dark rose-lilac colored flowers. It is cultivated in gardens for its attractive flowering spikes and pleasant scent. The pitcher sage is found in the California coast ranges from the Sacramento Valley south to the San Diego area.


title: "Ted Moore" content: Jean Brodie", "The Golden Voyage of Sinbad", "Orca", and "Clash of the Titans". Moore died in 1987. Ted Moore Ted Moore, (7 August 1914 – 1987) was a cinematographer and camera operator on nearly fifty films, and is probably most famous for his work on seven of the James Bond films in the 1960s and early 1970s. He won the Academy Award for Best Cinematography for his work on Fred Zinnemann's "A Man for All Seasons". Born in South Africa, Moore moved to Great Britain at the age of sixteen, where he served in the Royal Air Force during World


title: "Cinema of Greece" content: "Zorba the Greek", which starred Anthony Quinn, was a major commercial success, and was nominated for the Academy Awards for Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Film. The movie was based on the novel, "Zorba the Greek", by author Nikos Kazantzakis. Other important films during this period include "Antigone" (1961) and "Electra" (1962), both of which starred Irene Papas, "The Red Lanterns" (1963) by director Vasilis Georgiadis, and "Battlefield Constantinople" (1970), which starred the "Greek Brigitte Bardot," Aliki Vougiouklaki. The Thessaloniki International Film Festival was first held in 1960, and would subsequently evolve into the primary showcase for emerging


title: "Florestan I, Prince of Monaco" content: by the French Revolution of 1848, the towns of Menton and Roquebrune revolted and declared themselves independent. Worse, the King of Sardinia garrisoned Menton, Florestan was dethroned, arrested, and imprisoned. Florestan was restored to the throne in 1849, but Menton and Roquebrune were lost forever. Despite his good intentions, by the time of Florestan's death in Paris in 1856, Monaco was a country divided with few prospects for financial prosperity. It remained for his heir to remedy the situation. Florestan I, Prince of Monaco Florestan I, Prince of Monaco (10 October 1785 in Paris – 20 June 1856) was Prince


title: "Machine taper" content: OD of 1.25″ and a length of ″. (source, Bridgeport Manufacturer) The diameter of the parallel locating portion is not a "fractional inch" size like the other dimensions and is 0.949″ to 0.9495″. Tools with an R8 taper are inserted directly into the machine's spindle. R8 collets are typically used to hold tooling with round shanks, although any shape can be held if the collet has the corresponding shape cut in it. The collets have a precision bore with axial compression slots for holding cutting tools and are threaded for the drawbar. The R8 system is commonly used with collets


title: "Horace McCoy" content: 1919 to 1930, he worked as a sports editor for the "Dallas Journal" in Texas. In 1924, he did the play-by-play of a baseball game for radio broadcast. In the late 1920s he began getting stories published in various pulp mystery magazines. He performed as an actor with the Dallas Little Theater. He had a prominent role in Philip Barry's "The Youngest". He described the acting experience in a "Dallas Morning News" piece. His acting was good enough for him to be cast in the leads in Molnár's "Liliom" (1928), and Sidney Howard's "They Knew What They Wanted" (1929). A


title: "Bathurst Street (Toronto)" content: buses and turning lanes at intersections, expanding its width. Development along both sides of the road is both residential and commercial, with shopping plazas at many intersections. The West Branch of the Don River crosses Bathurst Street north of Sheppard and Bathurst Park (Hinder Property) is on the east side of Bathurst Street. North of Steeles Avenue, Bathurst runs through York Region, and is also referred to as York Regional Road 38. From Steeles north, the road is a six-lane arterial road. It serves many residential sub-divisions on either side. It serves as the boundary between Vaughan and Richmond Hill


title: "Madison Square and Madison Square Park" content: on December 24, 1912, an event which is commemorated by the illuminated Star of Hope on a tall pole, installed in 1916 at the southern end of the park. Today the Madison Square Park Conservancy continues to present an annual tree-lighting ceremony sponsored by local businesses. Author Willa Cather described Madison Square around 1915 in her novel "My Mortal Enemy" (1926): Madison Square was then at the parting of the ways; had a double personality, half commercial, half social, with shops to the south and residences to the north. It seemed to me so neat, after the raggedness of our


title: "Louis-Pierre d'Hozier" content: Louis-Pierre d'Hozier Louis-Pierre d'Hozier (1685 – 25 September 1767), son of Louis Roger d'Hozier, succeeded his uncle Charles as "juge d'armes". He published the "Armorial général, ou registre de la noblesse de France" (10 vols, 1738 – 1768), which must not be confounded with the publication written by his uncle, inasmuch as it related solely to noble families and was not an official collection. Complete copies of this work, which should contain six "registres", are comparatively rare. A seventh "registre", forming vol. xi, prepared by Ambroise-Louis-Marie, nephew of Louis Pierre, was published in 1847 by comte Charles d'Hozier. Louis Pierre


title: "EE-11 Urutu" content: industry; with Engesa's closure, Colombian officials were also concerned that parts for the Urutu series would become increasingly scarce and expensive to source in the future. In 1993, Colombia produced a single prototype designated "El Zipo", which was essentially a simplified Urutu rebuilt with local parts. Between 1996 and 2003 three more prototypes were built and designated "Aymara". The program was shelved after the Colombian Army rejected the "Aymara" in favor of the Dragoon 300 to complement the Urutus remaining in service. At least one prototype was retained for training purposes, while another may have been converted into an explosive


title: "Kyoto Tower" content: Kyoto Tower Kyoto Tower was proposed in the early 1960s, and it was planned to be constructed and completed in time to correspond with the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Construction began in 1963 on the former site of Kyoto's central post office and was completed near the end of 1964. Unlike many other towers (such as Tokyo Tower) that are constructed using metal lattice frames, Kyoto Tower's interior structure consists of many steel rings stacked on top of each other. The structure was then covered with lightweight steel sheets with a thickness of . The sheets were then welded


title: "Kyoto Tower" content: together and painted white. The intended overall effect was for the tower to resemble a Japanese candle. Designed by Makoto Tanahashi, a doctor of engineering at Kyoto University, Kyoto Tower was built to withstand the forces of both earthquakes and typhoons. The head of the tower's business division, Tsuyoshi Tamura, claims it can withstand winds of up to 201 mph (90 m/s) and survive an earthquake of far greater magnitude than that of the Kobe or Tokyo earthquakes. The tower was first opened to the public on December 28, 1964. Within its first year of opening, 1 million people visited


title: "Kyoto Tower" content: the tower's observation deck. Throughout the years, the tower's draw as a tourist attraction has diminished. By 1999, observation deck ticket sales dropped to less than 400,000 a year, or about 1,100 a day. Kyoto Tower has been the subject of controversy since it was in its planning phase. Public opposition not only stemmed from the tower's ¥380 million ($1.056 million in 1963) price tag, but also from the fact that many believed the needle-shaped spire was too modern looking for the ancient capital. The construction regulations in Kyoto that restrict a building's maximum height increase the sense of proportion


title: "Kyoto Tower" content: between the tower and the low "machiya" and ferroconcrete apartment blocks below. These municipal regulations have ensured that the tower maintains its status as the tallest man-made structure in the city since its construction. Today, reaction to Kyoto Tower remains divided. Many foreigners who come to Kyoto seeking an elusive sense of old Japan are surprised to see both the modern, glass and steel Kyoto Station and the imposing steel tower directly across the street. Alex Kerr, an expert on Japan's fading past, has called the tower "a stake through the heart" of the city. While some disapprove of the


title: "Kyoto Tower" content: tower, many locals have welcomed station and tower, believing them to help add a touch of modernity to the city to ensure that it does not become foreign to the rest of new Japan. Kyoto Tower is split into two distinct structures. The primary structure is the steel spire that begins on the roof of the building below. Tourists may buy tickets and ascend one of the tower's nine elevators to visit the -high, 500-person-capacity observation deck. This area is lined with game machines and free telescopes and provides a 360-degree view of the city. From here, nearly all of


title: "Kyoto Tower" content: Kyoto can be seen. The mountains of Higashiyama and Arashiyama are visible on the east and west sides respectively, while Kitayama can be seen to the north. On a clear day, some buildings in Osaka are visible to the south. The second structure that completely supports the 800-ton tower and gives it its first 30.8 meters of height is a nine-story building. The first four floors of the building house several commercial areas, including a souvenir shop, a 100 yen shop, a bookstore, and a dentist's office. In the basement of the building, there is a spa. Floors 5–9 are


title: "Kyoto Tower" content: devoted to the 160-room, three-star Kyoto Tower Hotel. Atop the building and surrounding the tower is the circular, three-floor restaurant named Sky Lounge "空" ＫＵＵ. Adaptations such as a stair lift and ramps have been added to make the observation deck wheelchair accessible. Kyoto Tower Kyoto Tower was proposed in the early 1960s, and it was planned to be constructed and completed in time to correspond with the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Construction began in 1963 on the former site of Kyoto's central post office and was completed near the end of 1964. Unlike many other towers (such as


title: "Redemption (card game)" content: deck building rules. Also, each category (except for Booster Draft) may be divided into two tournaments; a 2-player tournament and a multi-player. Ranking System<br> Redemption has also implemented a Redemption National Ranking System (RNRS) allowing players who cannot make it to the National Tournament to be recognized. Points are awarded for placing in each level of tournament. Redemption (card game) Redemption is a collectible card game based on the Bible. It involves Biblical , places, objects, and ideas. The object of the game is for a players Heroes (good characters) to rescue Lost Souls by defeating an opponent's Evil Characters.


title: "Crângași metro station" content: from Ghencea to "Piaţa Presei Libere" (however, the Light Rail station is completely above the surface, with only plans for it to be brought underground in the future for easier transfer). The station was built using cut-and-cover techniques at a rather shallow depth, in grey-blue Ruşchiţa marble with red and crimson granite and marble insertions, and features a wide central platform with an additional side platform, mirroring the design used at "Eroilor" station. As the unused platform is very dimly lit, the station itself is one of the darkest on the system. Crângași metro station Crângaşi is a metro station


title: "Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War" content: border. On 18 December 1918, a month after the armistice, the French occupied Odessa. This began the intervention in southern Russia (later Ukraine) which was to aid and supply General Denikin's White Army forces, the Volunteer Army, fighting the Bolsheviks there. The campaign involved French, Polish, and Greek troops. By April 1919, they were withdrawn before the defeat of the White Army's march against Moscow. General Wrangel reorganized his army in the Crimea; however, with the deteriorating situation, he and his soldiers fled Russia aboard Allied ships on 14 November 1920. After the Bolshevik forces of the Rumcherod attacked the


title: "Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay" content: Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay (also known as the Esplanade Theatres or simply The Esplanade) is a performing arts centre located in Downtown Core near the mouth of the Singapore River. Named after the nearby Esplanade Park, it consists of a concert hall which seats about 1,600 and a theatre with a capacity of about 2,000 for the performing arts. In 1989, the Advisory Council on Culture and the Arts, chaired by Deputy Prime Minister Ong Teng Cheong, produced a report assessing the status of arts in Singapore. The report would form the


title: "Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay" content: blueprint for cultural policy in Singapore, and led to the establishment of the National Arts Council and National Heritage Board. The report noted a lack of suitable performance arts venues; for example, Victoria Theatre was deemed only suitable for small to medium-sized performances, while Victoria Concert Hall was similarly lacking in its seating capacity and stage size. It recommended that a new performing arts centre be built, and in 1992 the Singapore Arts Centre (now known as "Esplanade Co Ltd") was established to build the Esplanade. The name for the centre was revealed in 1994. It was named after Esplanade


title: "Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay" content: due to its significant presence in the Esplanade Park. Planning for the construction of the centre started in 1992, headed by the Singapore Arts Centre Co. Construction officially started on 11 August 1996, with a groundbreaking ceremony officiated by then Deputy Prime Minister Dr. Tony Tan. The Esplanade occupies the site of the former "Satay Club", a popular food haunt for Singaporeans which had been discontinued prior to the Esplanade's construction. The "Satay Club" had been relocated next to Sembawang Shopping Centre, before closing down. The Esplanade was developed at a cost of about SGD 600 million. Completed in February


title: "Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay" content: 2001, the centre was officially opened on 12 October 2002, by the then President of Singapore S. R. Nathan. On 5 July 2005, the opening ceremony of the 117th IOC Session was staged in the Esplanade, featuring a 30-minute-long performance aimed at showcasing Singapore's multi-cultural heritage to her international audience. For its last financial year ending March 2014, the Esplanade incurred a loss of S$2.3 million, the first operating deficit since its opening. This loss was despite the Esplanade racking up relatively similar numbers in terms of audience attendance and activities from the previous year and was attributed primarily to


title: "Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay" content: the drop in sponsorship and donations. Esplanade MRT station opened on 17 April 2010 providing a connection to the island's train system. The building was designed by two architectural firms working in conjunction: by DP Architects (DPA) of Singapore and the London-based Michael Wilford & Partners (MWP), although the latter left the project in May 1995. The design consists of two rounded space frames fitted with triangulated glass elements and sunshades, which balance outward views with solar shading. The original design, presented to the public in 1994, consisted of unadorned glass cases over the theatres, and initially elicited criticisms from


title: "Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay" content: the public, including calling it "two copulating aardvarks". Critics also accused that the design is insensitive to Singapore's location and climate as it would have created a greenhouse in the tropical climate of Singapore, but according to DPA director Vikas Gore some form of shading was always intended, and a cladding of aluminium sunshades was added to the final design. The unique architectural design has been said to have an appearance similar to either a durian (a tropical fruit) or the eyes of a fly. Hence, the building is colloquially known to locals as ""the big durians"".. More than 7,000


title: "Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay" content: triangular aluminium sunshades that cover its two circular glass shell structures looked somewhat like spikes on two halves of the fruit. The structure wasn’t meant to be a durian; it ended up being like that because it seemed to the architects the most interesting way of doing sunshades. They wanted to use glass because the views from Esplanade are beautiful in all directions, but since Singapore is so close to the equator, the structure also had to be protected from the sunshine and heat radiation. Other than performing venues, the Esplanade also contains meeting venues, as well as other lifestyle


title: "Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay" content: and arts related services. The concert hall and theatre are connected to the main concourse via a foyer, while the Esplanade Mall is accessible through an entry point located between these 2 halls. The concert hall serves as a venue for concerts, recitals, and other performances. There are only five other halls in the world with such state-of-the-art acoustics. The orchestral platform is able to hold up to 120 musicians. The concert hall's pipe organ comprises 4740 pipes and 61 stops. It was designed and built by Johannes Klais Orgelbau. The Concert Hall is able to seat about 1,600 people


title: "Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay" content: over four levels. Types of seats include Stalls, Foyer stalls, and Circles 1, 2, and 3. There are another 200 seats in the choir stalls behind the concert hall stage, which may be converted into Gallery seats for an additional 200 people. The Lyric Theatre which has a capacity of about 2,000 seats is a type of an adaptation of the horseshoe form of a traditional European opera house. The fan-shaped Recital Studio is able to contain 245 people and is a venue for small scale chamber musical performances, as well as presentations and meetings. The Theatre Studio, with a


title: "Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay" content: capacity of up to 220, is a small setting for experimental theatre and dance presentations. The library@esplanade, located on the third floor, is Singapore's first public library devoted to the performing arts. There are also outdoor performing centres, and retail and food space at the Esplanade Mall. There is an outdoor open space on the fourth floor of the building, which is the highest point open to the public. Esplanade's programmes are broadly organised around key areas – the community and access programmes form the foundation of activities at the centre, collaborations with mainly local arts groups help develop the


title: "Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay" content: industry, while leading international productions aim to offer innovative programmes in the major arts genres. These programmes are presented in different festivals and series designed to appeal to a broad range of audiences. Esplanade's in-house programming team presents over 14 festivals and 20 on-going series throughout the year. In the relatively short time that The Esplanade has been open it has played host to acts and performances, including the Queen musical "We Will Rock You", "Avenue Q" and the defunct Mosaic Music Festival. It has also championed locally based acts. Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay Esplanade – Theatres on


title: Strum content: string group targeting (such as a fingerstyle or fingerpick technique) to pluck all the strings on a stringed instrument at once and this would still be considered a pluck, not a strum. A strumming pattern or strum is a preset pattern used by a rhythm guitar. For example, a pattern in common time or consisting of alternating down and up eighth note strokes may be written: The pattern most typical of rock and related styles is: The final upstroke is sometime omitted. This pattern is often called "Old Faithful", or when played on ukulele, the "Island Strum". Examples of other


title: "Broad-tailed hummingbird" content: Broad-tailed hummingbird The broad-tailed hummingbird ("Selasphorus platycercus") is a medium-sized hummingbird species found in highland regions from western United States and Western Canada to Mexico and Guatemala. Medium in size, the broad-tailed hummingbird is in length and possesses an overall wingspan of . Weighing around , the female tends to be slightly larger than the male. Adults of both gender show an iridescent green back, white eye ring and a rounded black tail projecting beyond their wing tips, from which their name was inspired. This species shows sexual dimorphism, which means that male and female have different characteristics. The male


title: "Broad-tailed hummingbird" content: possesses a characteristic bright rose-red gorget. An identification characteristic is the white eye ring. The female can be distinguished from the male by her paler coloration, cinnamon flanks, and spotted cheeks absent in the male. The broad-tailed hummingbird, "Selasphorus platycercus," is a member of the order Apodiformes, in the family Trochilidae"." Hummingbird taxonomy has not been extensively studied, but its phylogenic division can be divided as a family into nine clades in which the broad-tailed hummingbird is a member of the "Bee group" and included in the "Selasphorus" genus. This genus is composed of 6 members taxonomically distinguished based on


title: "Broad-tailed hummingbird" content: color characteristics. This genus is characterized by hummingbirds with a plumage containing rufous coloration and a neck gorget of orange to purple in males. Members of this genus include: "Selasphorus sasin" : Allen's hummingbird "Selasphorus rufus" : Rufous hummingbird "Selasphorus scintilla" : Scintillant hummingbird "Selasphorus ardens" : Glow-throated hummingbird "Selasphorus flammula" :Volcano hummingbird On a geographic scale, the genus "Selasphorus" can be subdivided into 2 groups of species, one living in North America, and a second in the region of Costa Rica and Panama. This hummingbird is seen in the understory or under tree canopies of pine and oak woodland.


title: "Broad-tailed hummingbird" content: It forages in open areas with flowers or in grasslands among trees and shrubs. Its breeding habitat is mainly in subalpine meadows, foothills, montane valleys, and strands of aspen or spruce. The broad-tailed hummingbird is found from Guatemala to Mexico, and western United States and Western Canada during summer, while wintering regions are mainly in southern Mexico and Guatemala. This species exhibits partial migration, depending on the northern range during winter. The specific migratory route used by the broad-tailed hummingbird remains unknown, although migrating populations winter in southern Mexico or Guatemala and return to their breeding area in spring. Males


title: "Broad-tailed hummingbird" content: arrive first to the breeding range, followed by breeding females. Some populations of the broad-tailed hummingbird in southern Mexico and Guatemala do not migrate, a variation in behavior called "sedentary". The broad-tailed hummingbird produces several different sound patterns. This bird's call sounds like a sharp “cheet”, which is repeated “"cheet cheet cheet cheet"...”. Hummingbird wing beats have also been found to be a communication signal. These birds produce two different types of sound using their wing beat. The first one is a "“wing hum”" and is simply produced when the hummingbird flies. This type of wing beat has a sound


title: "Broad-tailed hummingbird" content: that ranges from 35 to 100 Hz, and both sexes are able to produce it for communication. The second is "“wing trills”" produced by the male hummingbird during courtship displays. The wing trill produces a buzzing sound and can be heard 50 m away by other males and 75 m away by other females. This sound is produced when air passes rapidly through the 9th and 10th primary feathers. In one experiment, birds without this wing trill lost their territory more easily to more aggressive birds. The diet of the broad-tailed hummingbirds consists mainly of insects and nectar of plants


title: "Broad-tailed hummingbird" content: that are “hummingbird-flowered”. These types of flower are characterized by high nectar production and red corollas with a tubular shape, such as "Aquilegia elegantula". The range of breeding locations appear to be from central Montana in the north to Guatemala in the south. Although broad-tailed hummingbirds have been seen in British Columbia, these birds appear to be accidental migrants, with no evidence for breeding at such northern latitudes. The broad-tailed hummingbird has a promiscuous mating system and does not form a pair bond. The reproduction time for broad-tailed hummingbirds correlated with the time flower production is at its peak. Male


title: "Broad-tailed hummingbird" content: perform an aerial display to attract females during the breeding season. Males will fly high and dive while producing a trill sound with their wing feathers. In 70% of cases, females return to their nest site from one year to the next. Females build their nest alone, without the male help. The overall nest construction may take around 4 to 5 days. The nest has an overall cup shape and is stuck to a tree branch with spider webs, camouflaged by the addition of an external layer of lichen, moss, and tree material. Nest material can be stolen by other


title: "Broad-tailed hummingbird" content: females for the construction of a nest. The female will lay two white eggs of around in length and incubate them alone for around 16 to 19 days. Nest cup diameter increases as the chicks age. Chicks are altricial at their hatch, and will take around 10 to 12 days for feathering. The female will stay with the fledged young up to several weeks. This species conservation status is “Least Concern ”, indicating it is not an endangered species, having a wide range and moderate population size, although one survey indicated a 52% decline in population between 1966 and 2015.


title: "Broad-tailed hummingbird" content: It appears to be adapted to human-modified habitats. Broad-tailed hummingbird The broad-tailed hummingbird ("Selasphorus platycercus") is a medium-sized hummingbird species found in highland regions from western United States and Western Canada to Mexico and Guatemala. Medium in size, the broad-tailed hummingbird is in length and possesses an overall wingspan of . Weighing around , the female tends to be slightly larger than the male. Adults of both gender show an iridescent green back, white eye ring and a rounded black tail projecting beyond their wing tips, from which their name was inspired. This species shows sexual dimorphism, which means that


title: "Spring Mountain Ranch State Park" content: pack and wagon trains continued until their replacement by the railroad in 1905. This remote trail was also used extensively by outlaws involved in Indian slave trading, horse stealing and raids upon passing caravans. In 1840, a group of American mountain men and Ute Indians conducted a famous raid on the Mexican Ranchos in California. Mountain Man Bill Williams, a member of the raiding party, brought his band of horses through Red Rock Canyon where he rested the horses from the hard trip across the desert. Apparently he revisited the area several times and although Williams never lived on the


title: "FK Drnovice" content: failing to find other partners who would help funding football in Drnovice, Sunstone sold all shares to Jan Gottvald and his son Robert for approximately 10 Million Czech crowns, a sum which never was confirmed. Gottvald was unable to find sponsors and did not apply for a Gambrinus-Liga licence for the 2005/2006 season. In 2006, the club was playing in Second Czech Division and was still facing great financial troubles. In January the crisis reached its peak, as players had not received their salaries since July 2005. The team eventually left the league at the end of that season. In


title: "Oupa Gqozo" content: was Mama's bodyguard, a job that he started after his finances took a nosedive. He was hospitalised again after burning his hands and face. This time, he had mistakenly refilled a heater with petrol instead of paraffin which burst into flames. The fire caused an estimated R60,000 damage to his farmhouse, outside King William's Town. Gqozo is married to Corinthian Nomziwakhe and they have four children. In 2015 he had moved from his dilapidated farmhouse near King William's Town to Kroonstad in the Free State. Oupa Gqozo Joshua Oupa Gqozo (; born 10 March 1952) was the military ruler of


title: "Viotti Stradivarius" content: instrument will be displayed in the York Gate Collections, the Academy's free museum and research centre. The "Viotti ex-Bruce" will be heard as well as seen: the instrument will be played sparingly, under very controlled circumstances, at research events and occasional performances elsewhere. As one of the greatest virtuoso violinists of his day, Viotti was very influential in the field of instrumental technique. His advocacy of Stradivarius violins was also key to the recognition of their maker as the foremost of all luthiers. Viotti owned two Stradivari violins of 1709. The other instrument, which was subsequently owned by Marie Hall,


title: "Drew Henson" content: off the practice squad to become the backup on the depth chart behind Culpepper. After relieving Culpepper in the 4th quarter of the 2008 Lions' Thanksgiving Day game, Henson was 1-for-2 passing, and fumbled on back-to-back plays. Culpepper also came out of a subsequent game for the final play of the fourth quarter where Henson stepped in and was sacked. He was released by the Lions on April 28, 2009. Drew Henson Drew Daniel Henson (born February 13, 1980) is a former Major League Baseball third baseman and National Football League quarterback. He was drafted by the Houston Texans in


title: "Tin Hinan" content: were placed with the body. Remains of a complex piecework necklace of gold and pearls (real and artificial) were also present. A number of funerary objects were also found. These included a "Venus" statue in Aurignacian style (similar to the Venus of Hohle Fels), a glass goblet (lost during World War II), barbed arrowheads of iron, an iron knife, and a gold foil which bore the imprint of a Roman coin of Constantine I issued between 308 and 324 CE. A 4th to 5th century date is consistent with carbon dating of the wooden bed and also with the style


title: "Lutheran Congregations in Mission for Christ" content: Lutheran Congregations in Mission for Christ Lutheran Congregations in Mission for Christ (LCMC) is an association of Lutheran congregations in the United States. It describes itself as an affiliation of autonomous Lutheran churches and not a denomination. It began in 2001 in response to some liberal views of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA). LCMC is characterized by the stances it takes on Lutheran polity, biblical authority, and human sexuality. The group describes itself as "centrist" or "mainstream", noting that it stands between the more liberal ELCA and the more conservative Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod (LCMS) and other Lutheran church


title: "Battle of Mine Run" content: in the battle. Attorney and historian Theodore P. Savas, together with Paul Sacra of Richmond, Virginia, set out to locate and map the Payne's Farm battlefield in the early 1990s. Savas believed published articles and books had incorrectly located the fighting area and was determined to test his theory. Armed with extensive primary sources and battle reports, he and Sacra located what they believed was the field and, with the permission from several landowners, used metal detectors to prove it. Within a couple days Savas and Sacra had unearthed hundreds of artifacts, including bullets, a ramrod, bayonet socket, a partial


title: Morlaix content: Morlaix Morlaix (; ) is a commune in the Finistère department of Brittany in northwestern France. It is a sub-prefecture of the department. The old quarter of the town has winding streets of cobbled stones and overhanging houses constructed of stone and timber. Many have religious and secular sculptures on their façades. One of these houses is "la Maison dite de la duchesse Anne", or the "so-called Duchess Anne’s house", which is now a museum, open to the public. This sixteenth-century house is said to be one of the oldest in the town. The Museum of the Jacobins in Morlaix,


title: Morlaix content: housed in a former convent, traces the history of Finistère. The town also contains the Parc botanique de Suscinio. Morlaix is a popular location for sea sports enthusiasts with a diverse array of activities on offer including surfing, sand buggying and kite flying. Visitors can also find beautiful coastal paths for walks. Inland activities include bowling, golf, horse-riding and many more. There are also a cinema and a swimming pool. A tidal river that almost completely dries out at low tide reaches the town of Morlaix where there is a lock into a marina. The municipality launched a linguistic plan


title: Morlaix content: through Ya d'ar brezhoneg on June 27, 2008. In 2008, 6.45% of primary-school children attended bilingual schools. The Diwan school in Morlaix, founded around 1988, was originally located in very old apartments. In January 2008 the mayor offered the Diwan school a move to a more suitable location, an empty school. In June 2008 the new mayor decided that the Diwan school should move location once again. The town council wanted to use their building to open a new public school. However the replacement building chosen for the Diwan school was in a very bad shape. Inhabitants of Morlaix are


title: Morlaix content: called in French "Morlaisiens". Brit Air, a regional airline and Air France subsidiary, is at Morlaix Airport in Morlaix. In 2013 the airline merged with HOP! Morlaix has six public primary schools, four private primary schools, three public junior high schools, two public senior high schools/sixth-form colleges, two private junior high schools, and one public senior high/sixth-form. Public schools: Private schools: Morlaix is twinned with: Morlaix Morlaix (; ) is a commune in the Finistère department of Brittany in northwestern France. It is a sub-prefecture of the department. The old quarter of the town has winding streets of cobbled stones


title: "Battle of the Frontiers" content: On the 13 September, Pont-à-Mousson and Lunéville were recaptured by the French unopposed and the French armies closed up to the Seille river, where the front stabilised until 1918. Joffre used the railways which had transported French troops to the German frontier to move troops back from Lorraine and Alsace to form a new Sixth Army under General Michel-Joseph Maunoury with nine divisions and two cavalry divisions. By 10 September twenty divisions and three cavalry divisions had been moved west from the German border to the French centre and left and the balance of force between the German and the


title: "Victory Motorcycles" content: is, in Victory's own words, an "extreme custom." It features the Freedom V-Twin engine and 6-speed transmission (later bikes feature the 106 cu in), a 250 mm rear tire, a color-matched frame and extensive custom styling with bold paint schemes. It is designed to be Victory's top-of-the-line custom. The Vegas Jackpot is considered part of Victory's Muscle Cruisers. Motorcycle customizer Arlen Ness and his son Cory Ness teamed with Victory in 2003 to create a limited-edition model based on the Vegas. The bikes they developed used many Ness aftermarket billet aluminum accessories, custom paint schemes and their signatures on the


title: "Oregon Health & Science University" content: Florida Center for Innovation at Tradition in the Tradition community in Port St. Lucie, Florida. The institute eventually will employ 200 workers. Institute scientists will study infectious diseases of the elderly, AIDS and other infectious diseases and viruses. OHSU will work out of the adjacent Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies until its own center is completed. A $117.9 million financial incentive package from the state of Florida secured OHSU’s commitment. The OHSU School of Medicine has a faculty of approximately 1,750 and confers a variety of degrees, including Doctor of Medicine, Doctor of Philosophy, Master of Science, Master of


title: "Catherine Tate" content: at the National Theatre. She acted the role of Smeraldina in a 2000 RSC production of "A Servant to Two Masters", and another role in "The Way of the World" at the National Theatre. Tate was approached at a post-show party at the Edinburgh Festival by then-BBC controller of comedy Geoffrey Perkins, who encouraged Tate to develop her character ideas, especially to push the boundaries with her teenage character Lauren Cooper. Undertaking Perkins' advice, after a live show Tate found the audience walking out of the show repeating the character's catchphrase "Am I bovvered?" Produced by Perkins at Tiger Aspect,


title: "Great Malvern Priory" content: Great Malvern Priory Great Malvern Priory in Malvern, Worcestershire, England, was a Benedictine monastery c.1075-1540 and is now an Anglican parish church. In 1949 it was designated a Grade I listed building. It is a dominant building in the Great Malvern Conservation area. It has the largest display of 15th century stained glass in England, as well as carved miserichords from the 15th and 16th century and the largest collection of Medieval floor and wall tiles. In 1860 major restoration work was carried out by Sir George Gilbert Scott. It also the venue for concerts and civic services. An ancient


title: "Great Malvern Priory" content: carved head and shoulders similar to the Lustymore Island figure on Boa Island, County Fermanagh was excavated from the grounds of the Priory. It is now housed in St Ann's Chapel. A Celt (a prehistoric axe-like tool) was also excavated during the 18th Century. Little is known about Malvern over the next thousand years until it is described as "... an hermitage, or some kind of religious house, for seculars, before the conquest, endowed by the gift of Edward the Confessor ...". The additions to William Dugdale's "Monasticon" include an extract from the Pleas taken before the King at York


title: "Great Malvern Priory" content: in 1387, stating that there was a congregation of hermits at Malvern "some time before the conquest". Several slightly different histories explain the actual founding of the religious community. Legend tells that the settlement began following the murder of St. Werstan, a monk of Deerhurst, who fled from the Danes and took refuge in the woods of Malvern, where the above-mentioned hermitage had been established. St Werstan's oratory is thought to have been located on the site of St Michael's Chapel which is believed to have stood on the site of Bello Sguardo, a Victorian Villa. Bello Sguardo was built


title: "Great Malvern Priory" content: on the site of Hermitage Cottage. The cottage was demolished in 1825 and ecclesiastical carvings were found within it. A Mediaeval undercroft, human bones and parts of a coffin were also uncovered. Although the legend may be monastic mythology, historians have however concluded that St. Werstan was the original martyr. During the reign of Edward the Confessor, Saint Wulfstan, the Bishop of Worcester, encouraged a hermit named Aldwyn to become the first Prior of Malvern Priory. The monastery was in what was then the wilderness of Malvern Chase. According to the Worcester Monastic Annals this work began in 1085. An


title: "Great Malvern Priory" content: ancient stained glass window in the Priory church depicts the legend of St. Werstan, with details of his vision, the consecration of his chapel, Edward the Confessor granting the charter for the site, and Werstan's martyrdom. Aldwyn was succeeded by Walcher of Malvern, an astronomer and philosopher from Lorraine. Walcher's tomb lid was rescued from burial at the site of the South Transept cloister garth c. 1711. It is now housed in St Anne's chapel. The inscription on the lid reads:- Philosophus bonus dignus Astrologus lotharingus, Vir pius et humilis, Monachus prior hujus ovilis Hic jacet in cista Geometricus et


title: "Great Malvern Priory" content: Abacista, Doctor Walcherus. Flet plebs, dolet undique clerus. Huic lux prima mori Dedit Octobris seniori; Vivat ut in coelis Exoret quisque fidelis. MCXXXV. A good philosopher, a worthy Astrologer of Lorraine, A pious and humble man, the prior monk of this fold, Here lies in a casket, a geometer skilled in the abacus, Doctor Walcher. The people weeps, the cleric grieves everywhere. To him, our elder, the first day of October brought death; That he should live in heaven may every faithful soul pray. 1135. The Priory was built for thirty monks on land belonging to Westminster Abbey. A charter


title: "Great Malvern Priory" content: from Henry I in 1128 AD refers to Great Malvern Priory as 'the Priory of St. Mary'. In 1154–1156, Westminster Abbey obtained a Papal bull from Pope Adrian IV which confirms a strong dependency of the priory of St Mary, Malvern, on the Abbey of Westminster. An 18th-century document in the Worcester County Record Office states that in the 18th year of King William's reign (1083?), the priory was dedicated to St Mary the Virgin. Within the "Victorian History of the Counties of England: A History of Worcester", edited by W. Page, there is an account of the foundation of


title: "Great Malvern Priory" content: the monastery in Bishop Guilford's Register of 1283. It describes how hermit Aldwyn petitioned Urse d'Abetot, the Earl of Gloucester, for the original site (of the Priory) in the wood, and land "as far as Baldeyate"; that he collected monks, and adopted the Rule of St. Benedict; dedicating the monastery to the Virgin Mary - but occasionally under patronage of both St. Mary & St. Michael. On the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1541, local people raised £20 to buy the building to replace their decaying parish church. By 1788 the Priory had fallen into disrepair. It was partly restored


title: "Great Malvern Priory" content: in 1812 and again in 1816, 1834 and 1841. A careful restoration was carried out in 1860 under the direction of Sir George Gilbert Scott, the famous architect, who also designed the roof of the nave in imitation of the medieval original. The church has around 350 on the parochial council electoral roll. Services are a mixture of traditional elements with some modern elements. The choir is well established. There are several active groups for children and young people. The church sponsors several "Mission Partners". The current incumbent is The Revd Rod Corke, who is the Vicar of Malvern. A


title: "Great Malvern Priory" content: past incumbent was the Christian writer Anthony C. Deane. The present building dates from 1085, with mainly 15th-century structure, floor, and wall tiles. Extensions to the original Norman architecture church began around 1440 in the Perpendicular style and work continued until 1502. The great square central tower is very similar to that of the nearby Gloucester Cathedral; it was built by the same masons. It was redesigned in Perpendicular style by Sir Reginald Bray and has a very plain interior. The chancel is also Perpendicular in style, and contains the monument of John Knotsford (died 1589), a participant in the


title: "Great Malvern Priory" content: dissolution of the former monastic foundation. It is largely thanks to his patronage that the church, and particularly its medieval glass, survived so well. The fine collection of stained glass ranges from medieval to modern, and includes 15th century and 19th century windows. The north transept window, depicting the Coronation of St. Mary, was a gift from Henry VII in 1501, and another from the Duke of Gloucester, later Richard III. The monuments include a recumbent figure of a knight dating from 1200 and an alabaster altar tomb with effigies to John Knottesford, 1589, his wife Jane and their daughter,


title: "Great Malvern Priory" content: Anne. Within the sacristy are several heraldic floor stones dedicated to the Lygon family. St Ann's Chapel houses the tomb lid of Walcher of Malvern, the second prior of Malvern. The organ is by Nicholson of Malvern from 1879, but was heavily rebuilt and restored by Rushworth and Dreaper in 1927 and 1977. It was further overhauled by Nicholson in 2003 and is a Certified Historic Organ. The specification of the organ is listed at the National Pipe Organ Register. Organists The twenty-two 15th century misericords and twelve 19th century misericords are divided into three subsets: a modern set that


title: "Great Malvern Priory" content: do not seem to follow a pattern, depictions of mythical beasts and representations of the Labours of the Months. It appears that some of the modern misericords replaced 5 of the labours, but this is still a useful record. It is possible that the same person who carved the misericords at Worcester Cathedral and Ripple St Mary, was responsible for the 15th century misericords, as they bear more than a family resemblance. Labours of the Month Great Malvern Priory has a large collection of over a thousand Medieval wall tiles. The majority were made between 1453 and 1458. Great Malvern


title: "Mitchella repens" content: Mitchella repens Mitchella repens (partridge berry, or squaw vine) is the best known plant in the genus "Mitchella". It is a creeping prostrate herbaceous woody shrub occurring in North America belonging to the madder family (Rubiaceae). "Mitchella repens" is one of the many species first described by Carl Linnaeus. Its species name is the Latin adjective "repens", which means "creeping". Common names for "Mitchella repens" include partridge berry (or partridgeberry), squaw berry, two-eyed berry, running fox, and Noon kie oo nah yeah (in the Mohawk language). Partridge berry is an evergreen plant growing as a non-climbing vine, no taller than


title: "Mitchella repens" content: 6 cm tall with creeping stems 15 to 30 cm long. The evergreen, dark green, shiny leaves are ovate to cordate in shape. The leaves have a pale yellow midrib. The petioles are short, and the leaves are paired oppositely on the stems. Adventitious roots may grow at the nodes; and rooting stems may branch and root repeatedly, producing loose spreading mats. The small, trumpet-shaped, axillary flowers are produced in pairs, and each flower pair arises from one common calyx which is covered with fine hairs. Each flower has four white petals, one pistil, and four stamens. Partridge Berry is


title: "Mitchella repens" content: a distylous taxa. The plants have either flowers with long pistils and short stamens (long-styled flowers, called the pin), or have short pistils and long stamens (short-styled flowers, called the thrum). The two style morphs are genetically determined, so the pollen from one morph does not fertilize the other morph, resulting in a form of heteromorphic self-incompatibility. The ovaries of the twin flowers fuse, so that there are two flowers for each berry. The two bright red spots on each berry are vestiges of this process. The fruit ripens between July and October, and may persist through the winter. The


title: "Mitchella repens" content: fruit is a drupe containing up to eight seeds. The fruits are never abundant. They may be part of the diets of several birds, such as ruffed grouse, sharp-tailed grouse, northern bobwhite, and wild turkey. They are also consumed by foxes, white-footed mice, and skunks. The foliage is occasionally consumed by White-tailed deer. The common reproduction is vegetative, with plants forming spreading colonies. The species is dispersed throughout eastern North America, from south Eastern Canada south to Florida and Texas, and to Guatemala. It is found growing in dry or moist woods, along stream banks and on sandy slopes. "Mitchella


title: "Mitchella repens" content: repens" is cultivated for its ornamental red berries and shiny, bright green foliage. It is grown as a creeping ground cover in shady locations. It is rarely propagated for garden use by way of seeds but cuttings are easy. The plants have been widely collected for Christmas decorations, and over collecting has impacted some local populations negatively. American Indian women made a tea from the leaves and berries that was consumed during childbirth. The plants are sometimes grown in terrariums. The scarlet berries are edible but rather tasteless, with a faint flavour of wintergreen, resembling cranberries (to which they are


title: "Mitchella repens" content: not closely related). Although they share a common name, they should not be confused with the Newfoundland "partridgeberry," which is "Vaccinium vitis-idaea." Mitchella repens Mitchella repens (partridge berry, or squaw vine) is the best known plant in the genus "Mitchella". It is a creeping prostrate herbaceous woody shrub occurring in North America belonging to the madder family (Rubiaceae). "Mitchella repens" is one of the many species first described by Carl Linnaeus. Its species name is the Latin adjective "repens", which means "creeping". Common names for "Mitchella repens" include partridge berry (or partridgeberry), squaw berry, two-eyed berry, running fox, and Noon


title: "Limax maximus" content: Limax maximus Limax maximus (literally, "biggest slug"), known by the common names great grey slug and leopard slug, is a species of slug in the family Limacidae, the keeled slugs. It is among the largest keeled slugs, "Limax cinereoniger" being the largest. "Limax maximus" is the type species of the genus "Limax". The adult slug measures 10-20 cm (4-8 in) in length and is generally a light greyish or grey-brown with darker spots and blotches, although the coloration and exact patterning of the body of this slug species is quite variable. This species has a very unusual and distinctive mating


title: "Limax maximus" content: method, where the pair of slugs use a thick thread of mucus to hang suspended in the air from a tree branch or other structure. Although native to Europe, this species has been accidentally introduced to many other parts of the world. The body length of the adult is 10-20 cm (4-8 in). The greater part of the body is rounded, but there is a short keel on its tail, with about 48 longitudinal rows of elongate, detached tubercles. The body color is pale-grey, ash-colored, brownish or sometimes yellowish-white. The body is longitudinally streaked or spotted with black. The pattern


title: "Limax maximus" content: of spotting is variable. The shield is always black-spotted. The sole of the foot is a uniform ash or yellowish-ash color. The foot-fringe is pale, with a row of minute submarginal blackish tubercles. The tentacles are very long and slender. The reproductive pore is near the base of the right upper tentacle. The shield is oblong, about one third of the total length of the animal. The shield is rounded in front, angular behind, and forming an angle of about 80 degrees when in motion, usually of a similar tint to the body, but boldly marbled or maculate with black,


title: "Limax maximus" content: somewhat concentrically and interruptedly ridged around a sub-posterior nucleus. The pneumostome is just posterior to the midpoint of the mantle, as it is in all Limacidae. The mucus is colorless and iridescent, and not very adhesive. Although color varieties have no actual taxonomic significance, a large number of color varieties have been described, prominent among them being the varieties "serpentinus", "vulgaris", "cellarius" (typical), "johnstoni", "maculatus", "ferrussaci", "obscurus", "fasciatus" and "rufescens", of Alfred Moquin-Tandon, and "cornaliee", of Pini. The shell of "Limax maximus" is reduced and internal, under the shield. The occurrence of this internal shell was known to Pliny the


title: "Limax maximus" content: Elder; the shell was used by the ancient physicians for the sake of its carbonate of lime. The calcitic shell is situated beneath the hinder part of the shield, and is perceptible through the skin. The color of the shell is whitish. The shape of the shell is oblong-oval and thin, slightly convex above, and correspondingly concave beneath, with a membranous margin. The apex or nucleus is at the posterior margin but inclined towards the left side, and forming the apophysis by which the shell is organically attached to the animal. The length of the shell is 13 mm (1/2


title: "Limax maximus" content: inch) and the width of the shell is 7 mm (1/4 inch). Shells of different Limacidae species are undiagnostic: in other words, they are not helpful for identification purpose. Digestive system: The formula of the radula is: 62-73/ × 138-157. The intestine has six convolutions and is without a caecum. Of the six convolutions of the intestine, four are imbedded in the liver, and two hang freely in the body cavity. The nervous system is composed of the typical ganglia. The pedal ganglia are placed beneath the radula sac and joined together by an anterior and a posterior commissure. The


title: "Limax maximus" content: abdominal ganglion lies a little to the right of the median line. The visceral ganglia occupy the angle between the lingual sheath and the oesophagus and the buccal ganglia are widely separated but joined together by a commissure nearly as thick as the ganglia themselves. Reproductive system: The hermaphrodite gland (HG) is elongated and large, and is connected with spermoviduct (SO) by means of the hermaphrodite duct (HD) which takes its course through a portion of the albumen gland (AG). The spermoviduct is thick and well convoluted, and separates further down into a vas deferens or sperm-duct (VD) and an


title: "Limax maximus" content: oviduct (OV). The former opens into the upper end of a very long penis (P), to which a strong retractor muscle (PRM) is attached. The lower portion of the penis unites with that of the oviduct at the genital orifice, so that there is no vestibule. The receptaculum seminis (RS) opens into the lower end of the penis near the junction of the two ducts. The internal shells of the different species of Limacidae are not recognizable to the species level. Therefore, the fossil distribution of "Limax maximus" (and other Limacidae species) is unknown. Unidentified calcitic shells of Limacidae are


title: "Limax maximus" content: known from European Tertiary and Quaternary deposits. This species is now widely distributed around the world, but it is generally considered to be native to Europe and Mediterranean countries of Africa. Western Europe: Eastern Europe: Africa: The non-indigenous distribution of "Limax maximus" includes many countries worldwide: Europe: Africa North America: South America: Asia: Oceana: "Limax maximus" is nocturnal, feeding at night. It is not very active or prolific. When alarmed, or at rest, this slug merely draws its head within the shield, but does not otherwise contract its body. When irritated, it is said to expand its shield. The homing


title: "Limax maximus" content: instinct is strongly developed in this species, which, after its nocturnal rambles or foraging expeditions, usually returns to the particular crevice or chink in which it has established itself. "Limax maximus" is capable of associative learning, specifically classical conditioning, because it is capable of aversion learning and other types of learning. It can also detect deficiencies in a nutritionally incomplete diet if the essential amino acid methionine is experimentally removed from its food. The slug is almost always found near human habitation — usually in lawns, gardens, cellars or in other damp areas. This species is not gregarious. It frequents


title: "Limax maximus" content: gardens, damp and shady hedgerows and woods, hiding during the day beneath stones, under fallen trees, or other obscure and damp places. It does however exhibit a decided preference for the vicinity of human habitations, and readily takes up its abode in damp cellars or outbuildings. In Ireland, this predilection for human dwellings is not exhibited, and the species is restricted to woods and other similar places. It may even be met almost within a high-water mark on the seashore. "Limax maximus" is omnivorous. It is a detrivore, cleaning up dead plants and fungi, and a carnivore known to pursue


title: "Limax maximus" content: other slugs at a top speed of per minute. It also eats young crops faster than they can grow and so is listed as a major agricultural pest by state departments of agriculture in the US from Florida to Oregon. The eggs of this slug are deposited in a cluster, slightly attached to each other. Eggs are transparent, elastic and slightly yellowish in color. The size of the egg is 6×4.5 mm. They hatch in about a month. The tiny slugs which emerge from the eggs need at least two years to reach sexual maturity. The lifespan of "Limax maximus"