title: "First baseman" content: is rare because the first baseman is usually slower than most baserunners who generally return to their bases on line drives near any fielder. The second is by getting an infield hit to the right when there is a runner on first, tagging the runner and returning to the first base in time to get the man running towards him. A left-handed throwing non-pitcher is often converted to or begins his career playing at first base. A left-handed throwing baseball player who is not particularly fast or has a weak arm (and therefore not well suited for playing in the


title: "First baseman" content: outfield) will be relegated to playing first base. This is because the only other positions available to the player (catcher, third base, shortstop or second base) are overwhelmingly held by right-handed throwing players, who can make quicker throws to first base. The same advantages of being a right-handed throwing catcher, third basemen, shortstop or second basemen apply to the left-handed first baseman. These advantages surface in plays where the player is required to throw to another infielder after fielding a batted ball. In these instances, a right-hander will be required to turn more towards their target before throwing whereas a


title: "First baseman" content: left-hander will usually already be positioned to make a throw. However, compared to the advantage for the right-handed throwing third baseman, shortstop, or second baseman, these advantages for the left-handed first baseman are minor because many balls hit to the first baseman are to his right, so that a right-handed first baseman fielding them backhanded does not need to turn after fielding a batted ball to throw it. In addition, a majority of plays only require the first baseman to receive a throw, not to field or throw himself. This is attributed to the overall majority of baseball players batting


title: "First baseman" content: right-handed, and therefore, a majority of batted balls are hit to the left side of the infield and fielded by the third baseman or shortstop. Left-handed first basemen are also advantageous in attempting to pick off baserunners at first, as the left-hander can catch and tag in one motion, often doing both at the same time, while right-handed first baseman must sweep their glove across their body, costing them a crucial fraction of a second in applying the tag. The first baseman's mitt is similar to a catcher's mitt in that it has extra padding and has no individual fingers.


title: "First baseman" content: (In shape, it is closer to a mitten than a glove.) It is much larger than the other infielders' gloves; it is wide, very deep, and it is crescent-shaped at its edges, allowing the first-baseman to use the mitt like a scoop in catching errant throws from other players on the infield. Since many throws to first base are made in great haste, the first baseman must be prepared to catch balls that are either high or low, as well as balls thrown quite a distance to either side, all while maintaining contact with the base (using one foot or


title: "First baseman" content: the other). This requires a fair amount of agility and physical coordination. Among the most difficult plays a first baseman is normally required to make are the "short hop" and the "tag play," both of which are far easier to execute when the fielder is wearing the first-baseman's mitt rather than another type of glove. Every ground ball hit to an infielder becomes a race between the batter-runner and the team in the field; the fielder must catch the batted ball and throw it to first before the batter can reach the base. Consequently, part of the first baseman's job


title: "First baseman" content: is to step toward the incoming ball and stretch his body so that his catching hand makes contact with it as soon as physically possible. Compared to catching the ball while standing passively on the base, this shaves a fraction of a second from the time the runner has to reach base. When it is thrown too low and bounces before reaching the first baseman, catching the ball is difficult, especially while he is in a "stretch position". A throw caught shortly after its bounce, that is, while the baseball's path, rebounding from the turf, is sharply "upward", is called


title: "First baseman" content: a "short hop". Since a ball that strikes the ground is always subject to the possibility of encountering a pebble or a rut or a spike-mark that sends it in a radically new direction, it is best that the first baseman catch the ball on the short hop by swiping or scooping the ball as close to the ground surface as possible. This technique also minimizes the amount of time required to make the putout. The second-most-difficult play for a first baseman is the "tag play". Whenever an infielder's throw is so far off the mark that the first baseman


title: "First baseman" content: must abandon his base to catch it, the first baseman is left with only two options. To put the runner out, he must either lunge back to the base before the runner reaches it, "or" he must tag the runner before the runner reaches the base. A tag involves touching the runner with the ball (or with the gloved hand holding the ball) before the runner reaches the base. At first base, the typical tag play occurs when the infielder's throw is "high and to the left" of the first baseman, causing him to jump and stretch his long mitt


title: "First baseman" content: to catch the ball before it sails into the dugout or the grandstand. The tag is made, after the catch, by swiping the mitt downward, toward the in-coming runner's head or shoulder, often in one fluid motion that is integrated with the act of catching the ball. Performed properly, the tag play can be spectacular to see. First basemen are typically not the most talented defensive players on a major-league team. Someone who has the agility, throwing arm, and raw speed to play another fielding position usually plays somewhere other than first base. Great-hitting catchers may play some games at


title: "First baseman" content: first base so that they can hit in some games without having to absorb the rigor of catching every game. According to Bill James, aside from pitchers and catchers, the most difficult defensive position to play is shortstop, followed by second base, center field, third base, left or right field (depending upon the ballpark), and finally first base as the easiest position. Anyone who can play another position on the field can play first base. At or near the ends of their careers, good hitters are often moved to first base as their speed and throwing arms deteriorate, or their


title: "First baseman" content: teams become concerned with the likelihood of injury. Such players include Hall of Famers Johnny Bench (originally a catcher), George Brett (third baseman), Ernie Banks (shortstop), Rod Carew (second baseman), Al Kaline (right fielder), Mickey Mantle (center fielder), Mike Piazza (catcher), and Mike Schmidt (third baseman). Only rarely does a player begin his major-league career at first base and go elsewhere, as with Jackie Robinson, a natural second baseman who was played at first base in his rookie season so that he would avoid the risk of malicious slides at second base. Hank Greenberg, a natural first baseman for the


title: "First baseman" content: Detroit Tigers, moved to left field in his 11th major league season (1940) after his team acquired Rudy York, another slugging first baseman who was ill-suited to play anywhere else. First baseman First base, or "1B", is the first of four stations on a baseball diamond which must be touched in succession by a baserunner to score a run for that player's team. A first baseman is the player on the team playing defense who fields the area nearest first base, and is responsible for the majority of plays made at that base. In the numbering system used to record


title: Pilaf content: Pilaf Pilaf or pilau is a dish, originating from the Indian subcontinent, in which rice is cooked in a seasoned broth. In some cases, the rice may attain its brown or golden color by first being sauteed lightly in oil before the addition of broth. Cooked onion, garlic cloves, sliced carrot, other vegetables, as well as a mix of spices, may be added. Depending on the local cuisine, it may additionally contain meat, fish, vegetables, pasta (orzo), or dried fruit. It is also sometimes called rice pilaf. Believed to have originated in ancient India and spread from there to ancient


title: Pilaf content: Iran, pilaf and similar dishes are common to Balkan, Middle Eastern, Eastern Europe, South Caucasian, Central and South Asian, East African, Latin American, and Caribbean cuisines. It is a staple food and a popular dish in Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Israel, Crete, India, Iran, Kazakhstan, Romania, Russia, Kurdistan, Kyrgyzstan, Nepal, Pakistan, Kenya, Tanzania, Zanzibar, Uganda, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Xinjiang, and Uzbekistan. The English spelling is influenced by the Modern Greek "piláfi", which comes from the Turkish "pilav", which in turn comes from Persian "polow", , from Sanskrit "pulāka" (meaning "a ball of rice"), which in turn, is probably of Dravidian


title: Pilaf content: origin. A Spanish dish, paella, traditionally a communal meal made from rice and fish, shellfish, rabbit or chicken, cooked in a large pan, has similarities in recipe and methodology, but derives from a Valencian word, out of the Old French word "paelle" for "pan" (Latin: "patella"). The ancient Hindu text "Mahabharata" from the Indian subcontinent mentions rice and meat cooked together, and the word "pulao" or "pallao" is used to refer to the dish in ancient Sanskrit works such as the "Yājñavalkya Smṛti". Pilaf was known to have been served to Alexander the Great at a royal banquet following his


title: Pilaf content: capture of the Sogdian capital of Marakanda (modern Samarkand). The first known recipe for pilaf is by the tenth-century Persian scholar Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā), who in his books on medical sciences dedicated a whole section to preparing various dishes, including several types of pilaf. In doing so, he described advantages and disadvantages of every item used for preparing the dish. Accordingly, Persians consider Ibn Sina to be the "father" of modern pilaf. Pilau became standard fare in the Middle East and Transcaucasia over the years with variations and innovations by the Persians, Arabs, Turks, and Armenians. It was introduced to


title: Pilaf content: Israel by Bukharan and Persian Jews. During the period of the Soviet Union, the Central Asian versions of the dish spread throughout all Soviet republics, becoming a part of the common Soviet cuisine. In Afghan cuisine, "Kabuli palaw" or "qabili palaw" (Dari : قابلی پلو ) is made by cooking basmati with mutton, lamb, beef or chicken, and oil. Kabuli Palaw is cooked in large shallow and thick dishes. Fried sliced carrots and raisins are added. Chopped nuts like pistachios, walnuts, or almonds may be added as well. The meat is covered by the rice or buried in the middle


title: Pilaf content: of the dish. The Kabuli Palaw rice with carrots and raisins is very popular in Saudi Arabia, where it is known as "roz Bukhari" (Arabic: رز بخاري), meaning Bukharan rice. Armenians use a lot of "bulgur" (cracked wheat) in their pilav dishes. "Lapa" is an Armenian word with several meanings one of which is a "watery boiled rice, thick rice soup, mush" and "lepe" which refers to various rice dishes differing by region. Antranig Azhderian describes Armenian pilav as "dish resembling porridge". Azerbaijani cuisine includes more than 40 different plov recipes. One of the most reputed dishes is plov from


title: Pilaf content: saffron-covered rice, served with various herbs and greens, a combination distinctive from Uzbek plovs. Traditional Azerbaijani plov consists of three distinct components, served simultaneously but on separate platters: rice (warm, never hot), "gara" (fried meat, dried fruits, eggs, or fish prepared as an accompaniment to rice), and aromatic herbs. Rice is not mixed with the other components even when eating plov. A significantly modified version of the recipe, often seen as influenced by what is called there, is known in Brazil as or incorrectly (, "shredded chicken rice", , "chicken risotto"). Rice lightly fried (and optionally seasoned), salted and cooked


title: Pilaf content: until soft (but neither soupy nor sticky) in either water or chicken stock is added to chicken stock, onions and sometimes cubed bell peppers (cooked in the stock), shredded chicken breast, green peas, tomato sauce, shoyu, and optionally vegetables (e.g. canned sweet corn, cooked carrot cubes, courgette cubes, broccolini flowers, chopped broccoli or broccolini stalks/leaves fried in garlic seasoning) and/or herbs (e.g. mint, like in ) to form a distantly risotto-like dish – but it is generally fluffy (depending on the texture of the rice being added), as generally, once all ingredients are mixed, it is not left to cook


title: Pilaf content: longer than 5 minutes. In the case shredded chicken breast is not added, with the rice being instead served alongside chicken and , it is known as (, "chicken supreme rice"). In the Eastern Caribbean and other Caribbean territories there are variations of "pelau" which include a wide range of ingredients such as pigeon peas, green peas, string beans, corn, carrots, pumpkin, and meat such as beef or chicken, or cured pig tail. The seasoned meat is usually cooked in a stew, with the rice and other vegetables added afterwards. Coconut milk and spices are also key additions in some


title: Pilaf content: islands. Central Asian, e.g. Tajik and Uzbek "plov" (, ) or "osh" differs from other preparations in that rice is not steamed, but instead simmered in a rich stew of meat and vegetables called "zirvak", until all the liquid is absorbed into the rice. A limited degree of steaming is commonly achieved by covering the pot. It is usually cooked in a "kazan" (or "deghi") over an open fire. The cooking tradition includes many regional and occasional variations. Commonly, it is prepared with lamb, browned in lamb fat or oil, and then stewed with fried onions, garlic and carrots. Chicken


title: Pilaf content: plov is rare but found in traditional recipes originating in Bukhara. Plov is usually spiced with whole black cumin, coriander, barberries, red pepper, marigold, and pepper. Heads of garlic and garbanzo beans are buried into the rice during cooking. Sweet variations with dried apricots, cranberries and raisins are prepared on special occasions. Although often prepared at home for family and guests by the head of household or the housewife, plov is made on special occasions by the "oshpaz" (osh master chef), who cooks the national dish over an open flame, sometimes serving up to 1,000 people from a single cauldron


title: Pilaf content: on holidays or occasions such as weddings. "Oshi nahor", or "morning plov", is served in the early morning (between 6 and 9 am) to large gatherings of guests, typically as part of an ongoing wedding celebration. The Uzbek-style plov cooking recipes are spread nowadays throughout all post-Soviet countries and Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China. In the Greek cuisine, "piláfi" (πιλάφι) is the fluffy and soft, but neither soupy nor sticky, rice that has been boiled in a meat stock or bouillon broth. In Northern Greece, it is considered poor form to prepare "piláfi" on a stovetop; the pot is


title: Pilaf content: properly placed in the oven. "Gamopílafo" ("wedding pilaf") is the prized pilaf served traditionally at weddings and major celebrations in Crete: rice is boiled in lamb or goat broth, then finished with lemon juice. "Gamopílafo" though it bears the name is not a pilaf but rather a kind of risotto, with creamy and not fluffy texture. Known as "pulao", "polao", "pallao" and "pulav" locally, the rice dish has been an integral part of Indian cuisine since the ancient era. The "Mahabharata" mentions rice and meat cooked together, and the word "pulāka" is used to refer to the dish in Sanskrit


title: Pilaf content: works such as the "Yājñavalkya Smṛti". A "pulao" is a dish consisting of rice and a mixture of either lentils or vegetables, mainly including peas, potatoes, french beans, carrots or meat, mainly chicken, fish, lamb, pork or prawn. It is usually served on special occasions and weddings, though it is not uncommon to eat it for a regular lunch or dinner meal. It is considered very high in food energy and fat. A pulao is often complemented with either spiced yogurt or "raita". Persian culinary terms referring to rice preparation are numerous and have found their way into the neighbouring


title: Pilaf content: languages: "polo" (rice cooked in broth while the grains remain separate, straining the half cooked rice before adding the broth and then "brewing"), "chelo" (white rice with separate grains), "kateh" (sticky rice) and "tajine" (slow cooked rice, vegetables, and meat cooked in a specially designed dish also called a tajine). There are also varieties of different rice dishes with vegetables and herbs which are very popular among Iranians. There are four primary methods of cooking rice in Iran: In Pakistan, "Pulao" () is a popular dish cooked with Basmati rice and meat (chicken or mutton or beef). Pulao is a


title: Pilaf content: rice dish, cooked in seasoned broth with rice, meat and spices. A pulao is often complimented with raita. The rice is made in mutton or beef or chicken stock and an array of spices including: coriander seeds, cumin, cardamom, cloves and others. Mutton and beef have, with time, been replaced with chicken due to higher prices of mutton. The Sindhi pulao () in the province of Sindh, prepared with mutton or beef or chicken. It is prepared by Sindhi people of Pakistan in their marriage ceremonies, condolence meetings, and other occasions. Traditional Levantine cooking includes a variety of Pilaf known


title: Pilaf content: as "Maqlubeh", known across the countries of the Eastern Mediterranean. The rice pilaf which is traditionally cooked with meats, eggplants, tomatoes, potatoes, and cauliflower also has a fish variety known as "Sayyadiyeh", or the Fishermen's Dish. Turkish cuisine contains many different pilav types and is the inspiration behind most of the variations in Armenia, Balkans, Greece, and Arab countries due to their past under Ottoman Empire rule. Some of these variations are pirinc ("rice") pilav, "bulgur" pilav, and arpa şehriye ("orzo") pilav. Using mainly these three types, Turkish people make many dishes such as "perdeli pilav", and etli pilav (rice


title: Pilaf content: cooked with cubed beef). Unlike Chinese rice, if Turkish rice is sticky, it is considered unsuccessful. To make the best rice according to Turkish people, one must rinse the rice, cook in butter, then add the water and let it sit until it soaks all the water. This results in a pilav that is not sticky and every single rice grain falls off of the spoon separately. Pilaf Pilaf or pilau is a dish, originating from the Indian subcontinent, in which rice is cooked in a seasoned broth. In some cases, the rice may attain its brown or golden color


title: "Lev Pontryagin" content: Revaz Gamkrelidze, Evgeni Mishchenko, Mikhail Postnikov, Vladimir Rokhlin, and Mikhail Zelikin. Pontryagin was accused of anti-Semitism on several occasions. For example, he attacked Nathan Jacobson for being a "mediocre scientist" representing the "Zionism movement", while both men were vice-presidents of the International Mathematical Union. He rejected charges in anti-Semitism in an article published in "Science" in 1979, claiming that he struggled with Zionism, which he considered a form of racism. When a prominent Soviet Jewish mathematician, Grigory Margulis, was selected by the IMU to receive the Fields Medal at the upcoming 1978 ICM, Pontryagin, who was a member of the


title: "Antenna tuner" content: side, and has the tuning circuit to protect it from wild swings in the feedline impedance on the other side. All to the good. Unfortunately, making the input from the transmitter balanced creates problems that must be remedied. If an unbalanced tuner is fed with a balanced line from a balun instead of directly from the transmitter, then its normal antenna connection – the center wire of its output coaxial cable – provides the signal as usual to one side of the antenna. However the ground side of that same output connection must now feed an equal and opposite current


title: Saint-Saphorin content: Bend wavy counterchanged." Saint-Saphorin (Lavaux) has a population () of . , 24.9% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of 2.2%. It has changed at a rate of -5% due to migration and at a rate of 6.6% due to births and deaths. Most of the population () speaks French (307 or 88.2%), with German being second most common (19 or 5.5%) and English being third (10 or 2.9%). There are 2 people who speak Italian. Of the population in the municipality 97 or about


title: "Cat coat genetics" content: red/cream and black/blue, reminiscent of tortoiseshell material, and is called a tortoiseshell cat. An Oo cat with a large amount of white will have bigger, clearly defined patches of red/cream and black/blue, and is called a calico. With intermediate amounts of white, a cat may exhibit a calico pattern, a tortie pattern, or something in between, depending on other epigenetic factors. A true tricolor must consist of three colors: white; a red, orange, yellow, or cream pheomelanin color; and a black, brownish, or gray (blue) eumelanin color. Tricolor should not be mistaken for the natural gradations in a tabby pattern.


title: "Supermarine Walrus" content: forward-firing Oerlikon 20 mm cannon, intended as a counter-measure against German E-boats. Although the Walrus proved to be a stable gun-platform, the muzzle flash rapidly blinded the pilot, and the idea was not taken up. Three Walruses N.18 (L2301), N.19 (L2302) and N.20 (L2303) were to be delivered on 3 March 1939, and used by Irish Air Corps as maritime patrol aircraft during the Irish Emergency of World War II. They were scheduled to fly from Southampton to Baldonnel Aerodrome, Ireland. N.19 made the trip successfully, but N.20 had to be rerouted to Milford Haven and N.18 and its crew


title: "Larry Kramer" content: for social and legal equity for homosexuals. "Our own country's democratic process declares us to be unequal, which means, in a democracy, that our enemy is you," he wrote in 2007. "You treat us like crumbs. You hate us. And sadly, we let you." Continuing his commentary on government indifference toward AIDS, Kramer wrote "Just Say No, A Play about a Farce" in 1988. He highlights the sexual hypocrisy in the Reagan and Koch administrations that allowed AIDS to become an epidemic; it concerns a First Lady, her gay son, and the closeted gay mayor of America's "largest northeastern city".


title: "Robert Loggia" content: "T.H.E. Cat" appeared to be a success, Loggia said: "We're drawing about a 30 per cent share of the audience, which NBC considers fine for a new show with a new star." After NBC cancelled the series when viewing figures failed to deliver, Loggia went into a mid-life crisis—a "Dante-esque descent into the inferno", as he called it later. For six years his career foundered, and his marriage fell apart. Restless and unnerved, constantly riddled with self-doubt, a chance meeting with Audrey O'Brien was his saving grace. She helped him out of the crisis, and they later married. Despite playing


title: "Wildcats (comics)" content: were numerous changes from the source material, such as Voodoo being an adolescent rather than an ex-stripper and Lord Emp being an ordinary human. The group was composed of all the original 'C.A.T.s. The major villain was Helspont, but the Troika and the Coda were featured. A parody of the series, MadD.O.G.s, was seen during Alan Moore's run in the comics. The series was produced by Nelvana Limited and WildStorm Productions. A toyline from Playmates Toys was also released in 1994. The basic series included figures of Grifter, Helspont, Maul, Spartan, Warblade and Zealot, along with a generic Daemonite figure.


title: "Jane Leeves" content: delivery room when Isabella was born, and is her godmother. Leeves is godmother of Gilpin's daughter Stella, and lives next door to Gilpin in Los Angeles, California. Leeves' son, Finn William Leeves Coben (born 19 December 2003) has David Hyde Pierce and John Mahoney as godfathers. In January 2012, Leeves posed in an ad for the NOH8 Campaign, which supports the LGBT community. Jane Leeves Jane Elizabeth Leeves (born 18 April 1961) is an English actress, model, producer, comedienne, singer, and dancer. She is best known for playing Daphne Moon on the television sitcom "Frasier" from 1993 until 2004, for


title: Midkemia content: the middle of Triaga located about one-third of the length of the continent from south to north. The northern portion is heavily forested, but the south has few forests and is described in ways that would suggest a more equatorial latitude. The Jal-Pur desert is the most notable desert on the continent and occupies most of the central expanse of the southern landmass. The two largest nations on this continent are, from south to north, the Empire of Great Kesh and the Kingdom of the Isles. The northern parts of Triagia seem to be based on European culture - for


title: "Lake Burley Griffin" content: tilted too heavily towards business, and neglected the arts and community events. The proposal was scrapped in 2009. It has been proposed that a footbridge, to be named Immigration Bridge, be built between the National Museum of Australia and Lennox Gardens on the south shore, in recognition of the contributions that immigrants have made to Australia. The proposal has mostly received negative feedback. An inquiry recommended that the bridge be redesigned or moved to accommodate the needs of other lake users. The surrounds of Lake Burley Griffin are very popular recreational areas, and is known locally as LBG. Public parks


title: "Them (band)" content: "They would just sit and mutter monosyllabic grunts to themselves and give her off-the-wall answers". (Morrison as a solo artist raised such interviews to a "negative art form"). Their management promoted Them by scheduling appearances on "Ready Steady Go!" and on "Top Of The Pops" where, rather than performing live, they were expected to mime and lip sync. Morrison said of this appearance, "It was ridiculous. We were totally anti that type of thing... and we had to get into suits and have make-up put on and all that...". He also revealed how the band had, until that time, considered


title: "City of license" content: which stations were legally required to generate local content and the majority of a station's local, non-network programming was expected to originate in one central studio location. In this context, the view of broadcast regulators held that an expedient way to ensure that content broadcast reflected the needs of a local community was to allocate local broadcast stations and studios to each individual city. The nominal main studio requirement has become less relevant with the introduction of videotape recorders in 1956 (which allowed local content to be easily generated off-site and transported to stations), the growing portability of broadcast-quality production


title: "Scops owl" content: Scops owl Scops owls are typical owls (family Strigidae) mostly belonging to the genus "Otus". Approximately 45 living species are known, but new ones are frequently recognized and unknown ones are still being discovered every few years or so, especially in Indonesia. For most of the 20th century, this genus included the American screech owls, which are now again separated in "Megascops" based on a range of behavioral, biogeographical, morphological and DNA sequence data. "Otus" is the largest genus of owls in terms of number of species. Scops owls in the modern sense are restricted to the Old World. A


title: "Scops owl" content: single North American species, the flammulated owl, was provisionally placed in "Otus" and has now been moved to its own monotypic genus. See below for details. As usual for owls, female scops owls are usually larger than the males of their species, with owls of both sexes being compact in size and shape. All of the birds in this genus are small and agile. Scops owls are colored in various brownish hues, sometimes with a lighter underside and/or face, which helps to camouflage them against the bark of trees. Some are polymorphic, occurring in a greyish- and a reddish-brown morph.


title: "Scops owl" content: Scops owls hunt from perches in semi-open landscapes. They prefer areas which contain old trees with hollows; these are home to their prey which includes insects, reptiles, small mammals such as bats and mice and other small birds. The owls will also eat earthworms, amphibians and aquatic invertebrates. Scops owls have a good sense of hearing which helps them locate their prey in any habitat. They also possess well-developed raptorial claws and a curved bill, both of which are used for tearing their prey into pieces small enough to swallow easily. Scops owls are primarily solitary birds. Most species lay


title: "Scops owl" content: and incubate their eggs in a cavity nest that was originally made by another animal. During the incubation period, the male will feed the female. These birds are monogamous, with biparental care, and only fledge one young per year. The young of most scops owls are altricial to semialtricial. As opposed to screech owls, scops owls have only a single type of call. This consists of a series of whistles or high-pitched hoots, given with a frequency of 4 calls per second or less, or of a single, drawn-out whistle. Calls differ widely between species in type and pitch, and


title: "Scops owl" content: in the field are often the first indication of these birds' presence, as well as the most reliable means to distinguish between species. Some, like the recently described Serendib scops owl ("Otus thilohoffmanni"), were discovered because their vocalizations were unfamiliar to experts in bird-calls. The genus name is from the Latin "otus" for an eared owl. Due to a nomenclatorial dispute, the generic name "Scops" is not used by either the scops or the screech owls (which when only a few species were known were placed together), nor by any other animal. In 1760, Mathurin Jacques Brisson had established the


title: "Scops owl" content: genus "Scopus" for the hammerkop, a peculiar African bird. Paul Möhring in 1758 had already used the name "Scops" for this bird however, and believing this name to be valid Morten Thrane Brünnich replaced "Scopus" with it in 1772. The scops and screech owls, which were placed in "Otus" by Thomas Pennant in 1769 (as he too believed that Moehring's "Scops" was valid) were moved to "Scops" by Marie Jules César Savigny in 1809. Lorenz Oken in 1817 changed this to "Scopus", also under the impression that "Scops" was the older name for the hammerkop, and valid. However, the names


title: "Scops owl" content: established by Moehring pre-date the official start date of Linnean nomenclature in zoology as regulated by the ICZN, which is December 31, 1758 – the last day of the year in which the 10th edition of Linné's "Systema Naturae" was published. Hence, "Scopus" as established by Brisson is indeed the valid generic name of the hammerkop, and the first valid use of "Scops" was in 1772 by Brünnich – which according to modern rules of zoological nomenclature was unjustified however, as the name he believed to be reinstating had never been technically valid in the first place. The evolutionary relationships


title: "Scops owl" content: of the scops and screech owls are not entirely clear. What is certain is that they are very closely related; they may be considered sister lineages which fill essentially the same ecological niche in their allopatric ranges. A screech-owl fossil from the Late Pliocene of Kansas – which is almost identical to eastern and western screech owls – indicate a long-standing presence of these birds in the Americas, while coeval scops owl fossils very similar to the Eurasian scops-owl have been found at S'Onix on the Spanish island Majorca. The scops and screech owl lineage probably evolved at some time


title: "Scops owl" content: during the Miocene (like most other genera of typical owls), and the three (see below) modern lineages separated perhaps roughly 5 million years ago. Note that there is no reliable estimate of divergence time, as "Otus" and "Megascops" are osteologically very similar, as is to be expected from a group that has apparently conserved its ecomorphology since before its evolutionary radiation. As almost all scops and screech owls today, their common ancestor was in all probability already a small owl, with ear tufts and at least the upper tarsus ("leg") feathered. However that may be, the hypothesis that the group


title: "Scops owl" content: evolved from Old World stock is tentatively supported by cytochrome "b" sequence data. While late 19th-century ornithologists knew little of the variation of these cryptic birds which often live in far-off places, with every new taxon being described a few differences between the Old and New World "scops" owls became more and more prominent. Namely, the scops owls give a whistling call or a row of high-pitched hoots with less than four individual hoots per second. This call is given in social interaction or when the owl tries to scare away other animals. The screech owls on the other hand


title: "Scops owl" content: are named for their piercing trills of more than four individual notes per second. They also have a kind of song, which is a short sequence of varying calls given by the males when they try to attract females to their nests, or between members of a pair. There are a few other differences such as the screech owls almost never being brown below which is common in scops owls, but the difference in vocalizations is most striking. By the mid-19th century, it was becoming clear that "Otus" encompassed more than one genus. First, in 1848, the screech owls were


title: "Scops owl" content: split off as "Megascops". The white-faced owls of Africa, with their huge eyes and striking facial coloration, were separated in "Ptilopsis" in 1851. In 1854, the highly apomorphic white-throated screech owl of the Andes was placed in the monotypic genus "Macabra". "Gymnasio" was established in the same year for the Puerto Rican screech owl, and the bare-legged owl (or "Cuban screech owl") was separated in "Gymnoglaux" the following year; the latter genus was sometimes merged with "Gymnasio" by subsequent authors. The Palau owl, described only in 1872 and little-known to this day, was eventually separated in "Pyrroglaux" by Yoshimaro Yamashina


title: "Scops owl" content: in 1938. In the early 20th century, the lumping-together of taxa had come to be preferred. The 3rd edition of the AOU checklist in 1910 placed the screech owls back in "Otus". Although this move was never unequivocally accepted, it was the dominant treatment throughout most of the 20th century. In 1988 it was attempted to resolve this by re-establishing all those genera split some 140 years earlier at subgenus rank inside "Otus". Still, the diversity and distinctness of the group failed to come together in a good evolutionary and phylogenetic picture, and it was not until the availability of


title: "Scops owl" content: DNA sequence data that this could be resolved. In 1999, a preliminary study of mtDNA cytochrome "b" across a wide range of owls found that even the treatment as subgenera was probably unsustainable and suggested that most of the genera proposed around 1850 should be accepted. Though there was some debate about the reliability of these findings at first, they have been confirmed by subsequent studies. In 2003, the AOU formally re-accepted the genus "Megascops" again. The flammulated owl has been found to be marginally closer to the screech owls than to the scops owls, but by no means robustly


title: "Scops owl" content: or reliably so. If the scops and screech owl clade indeed originated in the Old World, the flammulated owl's ancestors either colonized the Americas independently from but at about the same time and from much the same stock as the screech owls', or they diverged immediately after the latter had settled in the New World. In any case, ""Otus" flammeolus" now usually warrants separation in its own monotypic genus as this would best agree with the available data. It has been retained in "Otus" simply because it does not have the characteristic "song" or rapid trill of "Megascops". An apparent


title: "Scops owl" content: "Otus" owl was heard calling at about 1,000 meters ASL south of the summit of Camiguin in the Philippines on May 14, 1994. No scops owls had previously known from this island, and given that new species of "Otus" are occasionally discovered, it may have been an undescribed taxon. On July 23, 2016 an unknown species of "Otus" owl was photographed on Príncipe. The image was published on Ornithomedia. As noted above, the fossil record of scops owls gives an incomplete picture of their evolution at present. While older sources cite many species of supposed extinct "Otus" (or ""Scops""), these


title: "Scops owl" content: are now placed in entirely different genera: Scops owl Scops owls are typical owls (family Strigidae) mostly belonging to the genus "Otus". Approximately 45 living species are known, but new ones are frequently recognized and unknown ones are still being discovered every few years or so, especially in Indonesia. For most of the 20th century, this genus included the American screech owls, which are now again separated in "Megascops" based on a range of behavioral, biogeographical, morphological and DNA sequence data. "Otus" is the largest genus of owls in terms of number of species. Scops owls in the modern sense


title: "Iris douglasiana" content: Iris douglasiana Iris douglasiana (Douglas iris) is a common wildflower of the coastal regions of Northern and Central California and southern Oregon in the United States. The Douglas Iris was first described by 19th century botanist David Douglas in Monterey, California. It grows mainly at lower elevations, below , though it is occasionally found at heights of up to . It is most common in grasslands near the coast; it is regarded as a noxious weed in pastures, because it forms clumps that inhibit other vegetation, and its leaves are bitter and unpalatable to cattle. This is a typical beardless


title: "Iris douglasiana" content: "Iris" of subgenus "Limniris", series "Californicae", growing from a rhizome that is typically under a centimeter in diameter. Its leaves are about wide. It flowers from April to June. Flowers are usually a purplish-blue, though occasionally white or yellow flowers are found. Two or three flowers are found on each stem, which is of variable height, ranging from tall. Several varieties have been recognized, for example "Iris douglasiana" var. "altissima" (Jeps.) and "Iris douglasiana" var. "oregonensis" (R. C. Foster), but the species is highly variable and the varieties may not be well enough defined to be of much practical use.


title: "Iris douglasiana" content: The Douglas Iris hybridizes freely with several other species; its natural hybrid with "I. innominata" has been designated as "Iris ×thompsonii" (R. C. Foster), and the garden hybrid with the same species as "Iris ×aureonympha" (E. H. English). This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. Iris douglasiana Iris douglasiana (Douglas iris) is a common wildflower of the coastal regions of Northern and Central California and southern Oregon in the United States. The Douglas Iris was first described by 19th century botanist David Douglas in Monterey, California. It grows mainly at lower elevations, below , though


title: "Citroën XM" content: XM was reviewed by the British weekly "Autocar" in May 1989 as "the best riding car in the world". Autocar's conclusion (based on a test of a French specification 3.0-litre V6 model and a 2.0-litre four)) was that "the Germans will need to treat this car with a great deal of respect". The XM was described as having a "superb ride from a suspension capable of cushioning the worst bumps". "Autocar" said that the Citroën had made a "major advance" over previous versions of the hydropneumatic suspension system, with the ability of the suspension to stiffen up and provide "precise


title: "McDonnell Douglas DC-X" content: Experiments with the control of such a re-entry profile had never been tried, and were a major focus of the project. Another focus of the DC-X project was minimized maintenance and ground support. To this end, the craft was highly automated and required only three people to man its control center (two for flight operations and one for ground support). In some ways the DC-X project was less about technology research than operations. Construction of the DC-X started in 1991 at McDonnell Douglas' Huntington Beach facility. The aeroshell was custom-constructed by Scaled Composites, but the majority of the spacecraft was


title: "Blood Money (Tom Waits album)" content: Blood Money (Tom Waits album) Blood Money is the 13th studio album by Tom Waits, released in 2002 on the ANTI- label. The album contains songs written for the play "Woyzeck", based on the play of the same name by Georg Büchner. The theatrical adaptation was directed by Robert Wilson, with whom Waits had worked on two previous plays: "The Black Rider" and "Alice", both of which resulted in soundtrack albums. The latter was released simultaneously in 2002 with "Blood Money". The play premiered at the Betty Nansen Theatre in Copenhagen in November 2000. The song "God's Away on Business"


title: "College Board" content: This is a fee-based service to institutions. Ironically, students also must pay a fee to submit it to a school. Since at least the late 1970s, College Board has been subject to criticism from students, educators, and consumer rights activists. College Board owns the SAT and many students must take SAT exams for admission to competitive colleges such as Ivy League institutions. Although the ACT is usually accepted as an alternative to the SAT, some colleges require students to take the SAT Subject Tests. Some colleges also require students submit a College Board "CSS/Financial Aid PROFILE" when applying for financial


title: "Flat Stanley" content: by reading the book and becoming acquainted with the story. They create paper "Flat Stanleys" (representative drawings of the Stanley Lambchop character) and keep a journal for a few days, documenting the places and activities in which Flat Stanley is involved. Each student's Flat Stanley and its respective journal are mailed to other people who are asked to treat the figure as a visiting guest and add to his journal, then return them both after a period of time. The project has many similarities to the travelling gnome prank except, of course, for the Flat Stanley Project's focus on literacy.


title: "Clematis lasiantha" content: Clematis lasiantha Clematis lasiantha, the pipestem clematis, is a creamy-white flowering liana vine, belonging to subgenus "Clematis" of the large "Clematis" genus. It is found on the Pacific coast of North America, from the San Francisco Bay Area southwards into Baja California. It extends as far east as the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada mountains, but does not grow in the Central Valley, nor at heights greater than about . It grows on hillsides, in chaparral, and in open woodland. "Clematis lasiantha", the pipestem clematis, flowers from January to June. Its leaves are 3-lobed, and generally grow groups of


title: "Clematis lasiantha" content: three to five leaflets, the largest leaves on the plant normally being between 3 and 5 cm in size. The pipestem clematis can be distinguished from the similar (but much more widely ranging) virgin's bower by the fact that pipestems normally only have one flower on each stalk, and at most three, whereas the virgin's bower has multiple flowers on each stem. The pipestem also has more pistils in each flower, but since both species have many, this is not an easy criterion to apply. The virgin's bower is more likely to be found along streams or in other wet


title: "Clematis lasiantha" content: places, whereas the pipestem tolerates more open, drier places. Clematis lasiantha Clematis lasiantha, the pipestem clematis, is a creamy-white flowering liana vine, belonging to subgenus "Clematis" of the large "Clematis" genus. It is found on the Pacific coast of North America, from the San Francisco Bay Area southwards into Baja California. It extends as far east as the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada mountains, but does not grow in the Central Valley, nor at heights greater than about . It grows on hillsides, in chaparral, and in open woodland. "Clematis lasiantha", the pipestem clematis, flowers from January to June.


title: "Secure copy" content: These flags are used internally and are not documented outside the SCP source code. In the past, in remote-to-remote secure copy, the SCP client opens an SSH connection to the source host and requests that it, in turn, open an SCP connection to the destination. (Remote-to-remote mode did not support opening two SCP connections and using the originating client as an intermediary). It is important to note that SCP cannot be used to remotely copy from the source to the destination when operating in password or keyboard-interactive authentication mode, as this would reveal the destination server's authentication credentials to the


title: "Wells Cathedral" content: and Moon revolving round a central fixed Earth, like that of the clock at Ottery St Mary. The quarters are chimed by a quarter jack in the form of a small automaton known as Jack Blandifers, who hits two bells with hammers and two with his heels. At the striking of the clock, jousting knights appear above the clock face. On the outer wall of the transept, opposite Vicars' Hall, is a second clock face of the same clock, placed there just over seventy years after the interior clock and driven by the same mechanism. The second clock face has


title: "1036 Ganymed" content: Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), "Ganymed" measures between 31.66 and 37.67 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.218 and 0.293. The "Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link" derives an albedo of 0.2809 and a mean-diameter of 31.57 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.50. Carry published a diameter kilometers in 2012. An occultation of a star by "Ganymed" was observed from California on 22 August 1985. Additional observations in 2011 gave an occultation cross-section with a semi-major and minor axis of 39.3 and 18.9 kilometers, respectively. A large number of rotational lightcurves of "Ganymed" have been obtained


title: "United States and weapons of mass destruction" content: to engage in research towards a new generation of small nuclear weapons, especially "earth penetrators". The budget passed by the United States Congress in 2004 eliminated funding for some of this research including the "bunker-busting or earth-penetrating" weapons. The exact number of nuclear weapons possessed by the United States is difficult to determine. Different treaties and organizations have different criteria for reporting nuclear weapons, especially those held in reserve, and those being dismantled or rebuilt: In 2002, the United States and Russia agreed in the SORT treaty to reduce their deployed stockpiles to not more than 2,200 warheads each. In


title: "Molecular orbital theory" content: maximal overlap. However, the delocalized MO description is more appropriate for predicting ionization energies and the positions of spectral absorption bands. When methane is ionized, a single electron is taken from the valence MOs, which can come from the s bonding or the triply degenerate p bonding levels, yielding two ionization energies. In comparison, the explanation in VB theory is more complicated. When one electron is removed from an sp orbital, resonance is invoked between four valence bond structures, each of which has a single one-electron bond and three two-electron bonds. Triply degenerate T and A ionized states (CH) are


title: "Sanford Berman" content: language in subject headings would enable prompt retrieval of materials by the end user. Berman also openly criticized centrally performed cataloging and standard cataloging tools that supported bias in subject headings. He stated, "[O]ur national cataloging products and services can't be completely trusted and should not be accepted automatically nor uncritically by anyone who genuinely believes that cataloging should make material more rather than less accessible and retrievable." Cataloging that was outrightly erroneous or inadequate, rendered material inaccessible even though it was in the collection. Berman thought poor cataloging was a serious form of censorship. Libraries were supposed to oppose


title: "Lamon Brewster" content: Lamon Brewster Lamon Tajuan Brewster (born June 5, 1973) is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1996 to 2010. He held the WBO heavyweight title from 2004 to 2006, and is best known for scoring an upset knockout victory over Wladimir Klitschko to win the vacant title. As an amateur, Brewster won the U.S. national championships in 1995, and a silver medal at that year's Pan American Games, both in the heavyweight division. Following his retirement from the sport in 2011, he became an entrepreneur and founded a consulting business. Brewster was the 1995 US Heavyweight Champion as


title: "David Gareja monastery complex" content: David Gareja monastery complex David Gareja () is a rock-hewn Georgian Orthodox monastery complex located in the Kakheti region of Eastern Georgia, on the half-desert slopes of Mount Gareja, some 60–70 km southeast of Georgia's capital Tbilisi. The complex includes hundreds of cells, churches, chapels, refectories and living quarters hollowed out of the rock face. Part of the complex is located in the Agstafa rayon of Azerbaijan and has become subject to a border dispute between Georgia and Azerbaijan. The area is also home to protected animal species and evidence of some of the oldest human habitations in the region.


title: "David Gareja monastery complex" content: The complex was founded in the 6th century by David (St. David Garejeli), one of the thirteen Assyrian monks who arrived in the country at the same time. His disciples Dodo and Luciane expanded the original lavra and founded two other monasteries known as Dodo's Rka (literally, "the horn of Dodo") and Natlismtsemeli ("the Baptist"). The monastery saw further development under the guidance of the 9th-century Georgian saint Ilarion. The convent was particularly patronized by the Georgian royal and noble families. The 12th-century Georgian king Demetre I, the author of the famous Georgian hymn "Thou Art a Vineyard", even chose


title: "David Gareja monastery complex" content: David Gareja as a place of his confinement after he abdicated the throne. Despite the harsh environment, the monastery remained an important centre of religious and cultural activity for many centuries; at certain periods the monasteries owned extensive agricultural lands and many villages. The renaissance of fresco painting chronologically coincides with the general development of the life in the David Gareja monasteries. The high artistic skill of David Gareja frescoes made them an indispensable part of world treasure. From the late 11th to the early 13th centuries, the economic and cultural development of David Gareja reached its highest phase, reflecting


title: "David Gareja monastery complex" content: the general prosperity of the medieval Kingdom of Georgia. New monasteries Udabno, Bertubani and Chichkhituri were built, the old ones were enlarged and re-organized. With the downfall of the Georgian monarchy, the monastery suffered a lengthy period of decline and devastation by the Mongol army (1265), but was later restored by the Georgian kings. It survived the Safavid attack of 1615, when the monks were massacred and the monastery's unique manuscripts and important works of Georgian art destroyed, to be resurrected under Onopre Machutadze, who was appointed Father Superior of David Gareja in 1690. After the violent Bolshevik takeover of


title: "David Gareja monastery complex" content: Georgia in 1921, the monastery was closed down and remained uninhabited. In the years of the Soviet–Afghan War, the monastery's territory was used as a training ground for the Soviet military that inflicted damage to the unique cycle of murals in the monastery. In 1987, a group of Georgian students led by the young writer Dato Turashvili launched a series of protests. Although, the Soviet defense ministry officials finally agreed to move a military firing range from the monastery, the shelling was resumed in October 1988, giving rise to generalized public outrage. After some 10,000 Georgians demonstrated in the streets


title: "David Gareja monastery complex" content: of Tbilisi and a group of students launched a hunger strike at the monastery, the army base was finally removed. After the restoration of Georgia's independence in 1991, the monastery life in David Gareja was revived. However, in 1996, the Georgian defense ministry resumed military exercises in the area, leading to renewed public protests. In May 1997, hundreds of Georgian NGO activists set up their tents in the middle of the army's firing range and blocked the military maneuvers. The army officials finally bowed to the public pressure and the exercises were banned. The monastery remains active today and serves


title: "David Gareja monastery complex" content: as a popular destination of tourism and pilgrimage. Because the complex is partially located on the territory of Azerbaijan, it has become subject to a border dispute between Georgia and Azerbaijan, with ongoing talks since 1991. Georgian monks at the monastery say that "they see the dispute as the result of Soviet scheming to undermine relations between Christian Georgians and Muslim Azerbaijanis." Giorgi Manjgaladze, Georgia's deputy foreign minister proposed that Georgia would be willing to exchange other territory for the remainder of David Gareja because of its historical and cultural significance to the Georgians. Baku disapproves of this land swap


title: "David Gareja monastery complex" content: because of David Gareja's strategic military importance. "There is no room for territorial exchange. There are no negotiations over this issue," stated Azerbaijan's deputy foreign minister Khalaf Khalafov. In April 2007, Khalafov told a press conference in that it was "out of the question" for Azerbaijan to "give up its claims to the borderlands" including David Gareja. He then made a controversial statement that the monastery "was home to the Caucasian Albanians, who are believed to have been the earliest inhabitants of Azerbaijan." This prompted a response from Georgian foreign minister Gela Bezhuashvili. "It is absolutely unclear to me why


title: "David Gareja monastery complex" content: my colleague made these remarks," he told reporters in Tbilisi. "His history lessons are absolutely incomprehensible. He should read up on world history." The Albanian theory is also supported by some Azerbaijani historians who are strongly opposed to transferring any part of their territory to Georgia. "The monastery was inside Georgia only in the 12th century," stated Ismail Umudlu, an Azeri journalist and historian. "Both before and after this period, the area was part of a state to which Azerbaijan is a successor." Georgian art historian Dimitri Tumanishvili dismissed this claim and stated that the complex "is covered in the


title: "David Gareja monastery complex" content: work of Georgian masters." "There are Georgian inscriptions everywhere dating back to the sixth century," he said "There are no traces of another culture there. After that, I don’t think you need any further proof." "The idea that this monastery was founded by the Caucasus Albanians is simply absurd," said Zaza Datunashvili, a monk from David Gareja. "You might as well say that Georgians built the Great Wall of China." Georgian President Mikheil Saakashvili downplayed the dispute and said that "it can be resolved through friendly dialogue." However, Giga Bukia, a member of the Georgian parliament with the Rightist Opposition


title: "David Gareja monastery complex" content: stated that "Georgians will never, under any circumstances, give up this territory" and also accused the government of softening its position on the complex in order to secure financial aid from Azerbaijan. "Azerbaijan has absolutely no historical rights to this land," he said. "And what is this talk of it being a strategic location? Are they planning to go to war with Georgia?" Azeri officials confirmed that Azerbaijan "is open to implementation of joint projects with Georgia for the restoration of the complex." However, official suggestions that the complex could be a "shared tourist zone" have sparked indignation from the


title: "David Gareja monastery complex" content: Georgian public. Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia Ilia II said that "the monastery was a holy shrine that should lie entirely on Georgian soil." A number of fresh rounds of "border delimitation" talks have been conducted between Azeri and Georgian authorities (in Tbilisi and then in Baku). David Gareja monastery complex David Gareja () is a rock-hewn Georgian Orthodox monastery complex located in the Kakheti region of Eastern Georgia, on the half-desert slopes of Mount Gareja, some 60–70 km southeast of Georgia's capital Tbilisi. The complex includes hundreds of cells, churches, chapels, refectories and living quarters hollowed out of the rock


title: "Cliff Palace" content: Cliff Palace Cliff Palace is the largest cliff dwelling in North America. The structure built by the Ancestral Puebloans is located in Mesa Verde National Park in their former homeland region. The cliff dwelling and park are in the southwestern corner of Colorado, in the Southwestern United States. Tree-ring dating indicates that construction and refurbishing of Cliff Palace was continuous approximately from 1190 CE through 1260 CE, although the major portion of the building was done within a 20-year time span. The Ancestral Pueblo that constructed this cliff dwelling and the others like it at Mesa Verde were driven to


title: "Cliff Palace" content: these defensible positions by "increasing competition amidst changing climatic conditions". Cliff Palace was abandoned by 1300, and while debate remains as to the causes of this, some believe that a series of megadroughts interrupting food production systems is the main cause. Cliff Palace was rediscovered in 1888 by Richard Wetherill and Charlie Mason while out looking for stray cattle. Cliff Palace was constructed primarily out of sandstone, mortar and wooden beams. The sandstone was shaped using harder stones, and a mortar of soil, water and ash was used to hold everything together. "Chinking" stones were placed within the mortar to


title: "Cliff Palace" content: fill gaps and provide stability. Many of the walls were decorated with colored earthen plasters, which were the first to erode over time. Many visitors wonder about the relatively small size of the doorways at Cliff Palace; the explanation being that at the time the average man was under , while the average woman was closer to . Cliff Palace contains 23 kivas (round sunken rooms of ceremonial importance) and 150 rooms and had a population of approximately 100 people. One kiva, in the center of the ruin, is at a point where the entire structure is partitioned by a


title: "Cliff Palace" content: series of walls with no doorways or other access portals. The walls of this kiva were plastered with one color on one side and a different color on the opposing side. "It is thought that Cliff Palace was a social, administrative site with high ceremonial usage." Archaeologists believe that Cliff Palace contained more clans than the surrounding Mesa Verde communities. This belief stems from the higher ratio of rooms to kivas. Cliff Palace has a room-to-kiva ratio of 9 to 1. The average room-to-kiva ratio for a Mesa Verde community is 12 to 1. This ratio of kivas to rooms


title: "Cliff Palace" content: may suggest that Cliff Palace might have been the center of a large polity that included surrounding small communities. A large square tower is to the right and almost reaches the cave "roof". It was in ruins by the 1800s. The National Park Service carefully restored it to its approximate height and stature, making it one of the most memorable buildings in Cliff Palace. It is the tallest structure at Mesa Verde standing at tall, with four levels. Slightly differently colored materials were used to show that it was a restoration. Cliff Palace Cliff Palace is the largest cliff dwelling


title: "Robert Trujillo" content: his future bandmates when Suicidal Tendencies supported Metallica during the Nowhere Else to Roam tour in 1993, and again during the Shit Hits the Sheds tour one year later. Trujillo received one million dollars from the band as an advance for joining Metallica. His audition and hiring as well as his million dollar payment offer appear in the documentary film "Some Kind of Monster". As the current bassist for Metallica, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame alongside all current members of the band, as well previous bassists Jason Newsted and the late Cliff Burton. Trujillo


title: Sylhet content: 313 of his companions. The area became known as Jalalabad (Land of Jalal) under the Bengal Sultanate. It hosted a mint which produced the taka. When the Moroccan traveler Ibn Battuta visited Shah Jalal in Sylhet in 1345, he noted that the locals embraced Islam due to Shah Jalal's missionary activities."It was by his labours that the people of these mountains became converted to Islam" wrote Battuta in his diary. Bengali Muslims were exploiting the fertile land of Sylhet for agricultural production and enjoyed relative prosperity. The region began to experience an influx of Muslim settlers, including Turks, Arabs and


title: "Viola pedunculata" content: Viola pedunculata Viola pedunculata, the California golden violet, Johnny jump up, or yellow pansy, is a perennial yellow wildflower of the coast and coastal ranges in California and northwestern Baja California. The common name "Johnny jump up" is usually associated with "Viola tricolor" however, the introduced garden annual. The plant grows on open, grassy slopes, in chaparral habitats, and in oak woodlands, from sea level to around . It prefers part shade, but will tolerate sun in many locations. "Viola pedunculata" is a perennial, growing from a spongy rhizome. The plant is often low-growing, but can reach a heights of


title: "Viola pedunculata" content: . The leaves are 1-5.5 cm long, cordate (heart-shaped) to deltate-ovate (oblong-triangular), scalloped or toothed, and glabrous or hairy. They are summer deciduous. The fragrant flowers appear in March and April, and are a rich, saturated yellow to yellow-orange, with brown-purple nectar guides on the lower petals. The flowers are hermaphrodite, and are pollinated by native and introduced insects. Dried in air, the seeds weigh about each. The leaves were used by the Diegueno and Luiseno indigenous people of California for food:. The young leaves were picked before the flowers appeared in the spring, then boiled, and used as greens.


title: "Viola pedunculata" content: The flower buds and petals are edible. As with other yellow flowers in the genus "Viola", large quantities may cause diarrhea.An herbal tea or tisane can be brewed from the leaves. The plant is cultivated as an ornamental plant by specialty plant nurseries, for planting as a drought tolerant seasonal groundcover or flowering accent plant in native plant and wildlife gardens; and as a potted plant. They are propagated by seed or nursery/garden divisions. The plant prefers rich soil, and no irrigation water in summer, when it is dormant. When cultivated in colder climates outside its native range where not


title: "Viola pedunculata" content: so hardy, it is most successful when propagated in a cold frame. Viola pedunculata Viola pedunculata, the California golden violet, Johnny jump up, or yellow pansy, is a perennial yellow wildflower of the coast and coastal ranges in California and northwestern Baja California. The common name "Johnny jump up" is usually associated with "Viola tricolor" however, the introduced garden annual. The plant grows on open, grassy slopes, in chaparral habitats, and in oak woodlands, from sea level to around . It prefers part shade, but will tolerate sun in many locations. "Viola pedunculata" is a perennial, growing from a spongy


title: "Rosewood massacre" content: Northern cities, but characterized the entire event as "deplorable". A three-day conference in Atlanta organized by the Southern Methodist Church released a statement that similarly condemned the chaotic week in Rosewood. It concluded, "No family and no race rises higher than womanhood. Hence, the intelligence of women must be cultivated and the purity and dignity of womanhood must be protected by the maintenance of a single standard of morals for both races." Officially, the recorded death toll of the first week of January 1923 was eight people (six black and two white). Historians disagree about this number. Some survivors' stories


title: "Mottled duck" content: Mottled duck The mottled duck ("Anas fulvigula") or mottled mallard is a medium-sized dabbling duck. It is intermediate in appearance between the female mallard and the American black duck. It is closely related to those species, and is sometimes considered a subspecies of the former, but this is inappropriate (see "systematics"). There are two distinct populations of mottled ducks. One population, "A. fulvigula maculosa" (mottled duck), lives on the Gulf of Mexico coast between Alabama and Tamaulipas (Mexico); outside the breeding season individual birds may venture as far south as to Veracruz. The other, "A. fulvigula fulvigula" (Florida duck), is


title: "Mottled duck" content: resident in central and south Florida and occasionally strays north to Georgia. The same disjunct distribution pattern was also historically found in the local sandhill cranes. Along the Gulf of Mexico coast, the mottled duck is one of the most frequently banded waterfowl. This is due in part to the fact that it is mostly non-migratory. Approximately one out of every twenty mottled ducks is banded, making it an extremely prized and sought after bird among hunters. The adult mottled duck is long from head to tail. It has a dark body, lighter head and neck, orange legs and dark


title: "Mottled duck" content: eyes. Both sexes have a shiny green-blue speculum (wing patch), which is not bordered with white as with the mallard. Males and females are similar, but the male's bill is bright yellow, whereas the female's is deep to pale orange, occasionally lined with black splotches around the edges and near the base. The plumage is darker than in female mallards, especially at the tail, and the bill is yellower. In flight, the lack of a white border to the speculum is a key difference. The American black duck is darker than most mottled ducks, and its wing-patch is more purple


title: "Mottled duck" content: than blue. The behaviour and voice are the same as the mallard. Mottled ducks feed by dabbling in shallow water, and grazing on land. They mainly eat plants, but also some mollusks and aquatic insects. The ducks are fairly common within their restricted range; they are resident all-year round and do not migrate. The breeding habitat is coastal marshes. The nest is built on the ground amongst vegetation, such as bull-rush and marsh grass. The Floridan population, which occurs approximately south of Tampa, is separated as the nominate subspecies "Anas fulvigula fulvigula" and is occasionally called the Florida duck or


title: "Mottled duck" content: Florida mallard. by being somewhat lighter in color and less heavily marked; while both subspecies are intermediate between female mallards and American black ducks, the Florida mottled duck is closer to the former and the mottled duck closer to the latter in appearance; this is mainly recognizable in the lighter head being quite clearly separated from the darker breast in mottled, but much less so in Florida mottled ducks. As the subspecies' ranges do not overlap, these birds can only be confused with female mallards and American black ducks however; particularly female American black ducks are often only reliably separable


title: "Mottled duck" content: by their dark purple speculum from mottled ducks in the field. mtDNA control region sequence data indicates that these birds are derived from ancestral American black ducks, being far more distantly related to the mallard, and that the subspecies, as a consequence of their rather limited range and sedentary habits, are genetically well distinct already. As in all members of the "mallardine" clade of ducks, they are able to produce fertile hybrids with their close relatives, the American black duck and the mallard. This has always been so to a limited extent; individuals of the migratory American black ducks which


title: "Mottled duck" content: winter in the mottled duck's range may occasionally stay there and mate with the resident species, and for the mallard, which colonized North America later, the same holds true. Genetic tools have been developed in order to robustly classify hybrids and to assess and monitor the genetic dynamics of introgression between the Florida Mottled duck and the mallard. While the resultant gene flow is no cause for immediate concern, habitat destruction and excessive hunting could eventually reduce this species to the point where the hybridization with mallards would threaten to make it disappear as a distinct taxon. This especially applies


title: "Mottled duck" content: to the Florida duck, in the fairly small range of which rampant habitat destruction due to urbanization and draining of wetlands has taken place in the last decades; this in combination with climate change affecting the Everglades could be sufficient to cause the Florida duck to decline to a point where hunting would have to be restricted or prohibited. At present, these birds too appear to be holding their own with a population of 50,000-70,000 individuals. Mottled duck The mottled duck ("Anas fulvigula") or mottled mallard is a medium-sized dabbling duck. It is intermediate in appearance between the female mallard


title: "This Is My Truth Tell Me Yours" content: This Is My Truth Tell Me Yours This Is My Truth Tell Me Yours is the fifth studio album by Welsh alternative rock band Manic Street Preachers. It was released on 14 September 1998 by record label Epic. Like its 1996 predecessor "Everything Must Go", "This Is My Truth Tell Me Yours" was a commercial and critical success. The album debuted at number 1 in the UK Albums Chart, selling 136,000 copies, going Gold in the first week. It sold well in the United Kingdom, Europe and Asia, and represented a change in the sound from the furious alternative rock


title: YCbCr content: reverse conversion process can be readily derived by inverting the above equations. When representing the signals in digital form, the results are scaled and rounded, and offsets are typically added. For example, the scaling and offset applied to the Y′ component per specification (e.g. MPEG-2) results in the value of 16 for black and the value of 235 for white when using an 8-bit representation. The standard has 8-bit digitized versions of C and C scaled to a different range of 16 to 240. Consequently, rescaling by the fraction (235-16)/(240-16) = 219/224 is sometimes required when doing color matrixing or


title: "Psoriatic arthritis" content: and skin. Sausage-like swelling in the fingers or toes, known as dactylitis, may occur. Psoriasis can also cause changes to the nails, such as pitting or separation from the nail bed, onycholysis, hyperkeratosis under the nails, and horizontal ridging. Psoriasis classically presents with scaly skin lesions, which are most commonly seen over extensor surfaces such as the scalp, natal cleft and umbilicus. In psoriatic arthritis, pain can occur in the area of the sacrum (the lower back, above the tailbone), as a result of sacroiliitis or spondylitis, which is present in 40% of cases. Pain can occur in and around


title: "Northern crested caracara" content: Northern crested caracara The northern crested caracara ("Caracara cheriway"), also called the northern caracara and crested caracara, is a bird of prey in the family Falconidae. It was formerly considered conspecific with the southern caracara ("C. plancus") and the extinct Guadalupe caracara ("C. lutosa") as the "crested caracara". It has also been known as Audubon's caracara. As with its relatives, the northern caracara was formerly placed in the genus "Polyborus". Unlike the "Falco" falcons in the same family, the caracaras are not fast-flying aerial hunters, but are rather sluggish and often scavengers. The northern caracara is a resident in Cuba,


title: "Northern crested caracara" content: northern South America (south to northern Peru and northern Amazonian Brazil) and most of Central America and Mexico, just reaching the southernmost parts of the United States, including Florida, where it is resident but listed as threatened. There have been reports of the crested caracara as far north as San Francisco, California. and, in 2012, near Crescent City, California. In July 2016 a northern caracara was reported and photographed by numerous people in the upper peninsula of Michigan, just outside of Munising. In June 2017, a crested caracara was sighted far north in St. George, New Brunswick, Canada. South of


title: "Northern crested caracara" content: the US border, it is generally common. It can also be found (nesting) in the Southern Caribbean (e.g. Aruba, Curaçao and Bonaire). This is a bird of open and semi-open country. The northern caracara has a length of , a wingspan of , and weighs . Average weight is higher in the north of the range, smaller in the tropics. In Florida, 21 male birds averaged and 18 female birds averaged . In Panama, males were found to average and females averaged . Among caracaras, it is second in size only to the southern caracara. Broad-winged and long-tailed, it also


title: "Northern crested caracara" content: has long legs and frequently walks and runs on the ground. It is very cross-shaped in flight. The adult has a black body, wings, crest and crown. The neck, rump, and conspicuous wing patches are white, and the tail is white with black barring and a broad terminal band. The breast is white, finely barred with black. The bill is thick, grey and hooked, and the legs are yellow. The cere and facial skin are deep yellow to orange-red depending on age and mood. Sexes are similar, but immature birds are browner, have a buff neck and throat, a pale


title: "Northern crested caracara" content: breast streaked/mottled with brown, greyish-white legs and greyish or dull pinkish-purple facial skin and cere. The voice of this species is a low rattle. Adults can be separated from the similar southern caracara by their less extensive and more spotty barring to the chest, more uniform blackish scapulars (brownish and often lightly mottled/barred in the southern), and blackish lower back (pale with dark barring in the southern). Individuals showing intermediate features are known from the small area of contact in north-central Brazil, but intergradation between the two species is generally limited. Northern caracaras inhabit various types of open and semi-open


title: "Northern crested caracara" content: country. They typically live in lowlands but can live to mid-elevation in the northern Andes. The species is most common in cattle ranches with scattered trees, shelterbelts and small woods, as long as there is a somewhat limited human presence. They can also be found in other varieties of agricultural land, as well as prairies, coastal woodlands (including mangroves), coconuts plantations, scrub along beach dunes and open uplands. The northern caracara is a carnivorous scavenger that mainly feeds on carrion, but does occasionally eat fruit. The live prey they do catch is usually immobile, injured, incapacitated or young. Prey species


title: "Northern crested caracara" content: can include small mammals, amphibians, reptiles, fish, crabs, insects, their larvae, earthworms, shellfish and young birds. Bird species that are culled can range from large, colonial nesting birds such as storks and herons to small passerines. Reptiles taken often including snakes, lizards and small freshwater turtles. This species, along with other caracaras, is one of few raptors that hunts on foot, often turning over branches and cow dung to reach food. In addition to hunting its own food on the ground, the northern caracara will steal from other birds, including vultures, buteos, pelicans, ibises and spoonbills. Because they stay low


title: "Northern crested caracara" content: to the ground even when flying, they often beat "Cathartes" vultures to carrion and can aggressively displace single vultures of most species from small carcasses. They will occasionally follow trains or automobiles to fetch food that falls off. Northern caracaras can usually be spotted either alone, in pairs or family parties of 3–5 birds. Occasionally roosts may contain more than a dozen caracaras and abundant food sources can cause more than 75 to gather. The nesting season is from December to May and is a bit earlier the closer the birds live to the tropics. They build large stick nests


title: "Northern crested caracara" content: in trees such as mesquites and palms, cacti, or on the ground as a last resort. The nests are bulky and untidy, wide and deep, often made of grasses, sticks and hay, spotted with much animal matter. It lays 2 to 3 (rarely 1 to 4) pinkish-brown eggs with darker blotches, which are incubated for 28–32 days. Though the northern caracaras of our time are not divided into subspecies as their variation is clinal, prehistoric subspecies are known. Due to the confused taxonomic history of the crested caracaras, their relationships to the modern birds are in need of restudy: The


title: "Northern crested caracara" content: former almost certainly represents birds which were the direct ancestors of the living population. The latter may actually be the ancestor of the Guadalupe caracara. The state of Florida is home to a relict population of northern caracaras that dates to the last glacial period, which ended around 12,500 BP. At that point in time, Florida and the rest of the Gulf Coast was covered in an oak savanna. As temperatures increased, the savanna between Florida and Texas disappeared. Caracaras were able to survive in the prairies of central Florida as well as in the marshes along the St. Johns


title: "Northern crested caracara" content: River. Cabbage palmettos are a preferred nesting site, although they will also nest in southern live oaks. Their historical range on the modern-day Florida peninsula included Okeechobee, Osceola, Highlands, Glades, Polk, Indian River, St. Lucie, Hardee, DeSoto, Brevard, Collier, and Martin counties. They are currently most common in DeSoto, Glades, Hendry, Highlands, Okeechobee and Osceola counties. Loss of adequate habitat caused the Florida caracara population to decline, and it was listed as threatened by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service in 1987. The Mexican ornithologist Rafael Martín del Campo proposed that the northern caracara was probably the sacred "eagle"


title: "Northern crested caracara" content: depicted in several pre-Columbian Aztec codices as well as the Florentine Codex. This imagery was adopted as a national symbol of Mexico, and is seen on the flag among other places. Since the paintings were interpreted as showing the golden eagle, it became the national bird. Balduin Möllhausen, the German artist accompanying the 1853 railroad survey, led by Lt. Amiel Weeks Whipple, from the Canadian River to California along the 35th parallel, recounted observing what he called the "Texan Eagle," which, in his account, he identified as Audubon's "Polyborus vulgaris". This sighting occurred in the San Bois Mountains in southeastern


title: "Northern crested caracara" content: Oklahoma. Northern crested caracara The northern crested caracara ("Caracara cheriway"), also called the northern caracara and crested caracara, is a bird of prey in the family Falconidae. It was formerly considered conspecific with the southern caracara ("C. plancus") and the extinct Guadalupe caracara ("C. lutosa") as the "crested caracara". It has also been known as Audubon's caracara. As with its relatives, the northern caracara was formerly placed in the genus "Polyborus". Unlike the "Falco" falcons in the same family, the caracaras are not fast-flying aerial hunters, but are rather sluggish and often scavengers. The northern caracara is a resident in


title: "Tales from the Darkside: The Movie" content: (Christian Slater) kidnaps Bellingham, forces him to summon the mummy, then destroys it and burns its remains and the parchment. He considers killing Bellingham, but in the end cannot bring himself to commit real murder. However, Bellingham brings Susan and Lee back from the dead (having switched the reanimation parchment with a similar one) and dispatches them to Andy's dorm, where they greet the terrified Andy by saying that Bellingham sends his regards. In the second tale, George A. Romero adapts a Stephen King short story "The Cat from Hell". Drogan is a wealthy, wheelchair-bound old man (William Hickey) who


title: Solan content: Some of the traditional dishes are as below:- Solan Planning area contains Chil, Deodar, Ban and Kail, mainly deodar and pine trees in the city . Oak forests are also at higher elevations around moist locations. Places like Chail is the most predominant one for different species of vegetation. Besides the natural or indigenous vegetation there are ornamental and alien plantation too. It consists of silver oak, jhakranda, bottle brush, weeping willows, kachnar, grasses etc. Due to variations in altitude, there is a variety of fauna in the region. The himalayan black beer & panther are the carnivora whereas the


title: Yellowcard content: announced that they were back in the studio. On May 3, 2013, the band confirmed rumors via Twitter about the recording of an acoustic "Ocean Avenue" record in honor of the platinum album's 10th anniversary. On June 3, 2013, pre-orders were set up for "Ocean Avenue Acoustic". The album was released on August 13, 2013. The band also announced an "Ocean Avenue Acoustic" tour that fall with special guest Geoff Rickly of Thursday. During the tour, the band performed "Paper Walls" live for the first time. On October 29, 2013, Yellowcard announced that the group would be releasing a cover


title: "Maribyrnong River" content: ubiquitous possums and flying foxes. Road and rail bridges and other crossing points along the Maribyrnong River include: Many native species exist along the Maribyrnong River with many species thriving in the area. Native mammals include swamp wallabies, grey-headed flying foxes, common brushtail possums, common ringtail possums, water rats, echidnas, and platypus in the upper reaches of the river. Native reptile species include eastern brown snakes, tiger snakes, skinks, and common snakeneck turtles. Native birds include the eastern whipbird, cockatoo, rainbow lorikeet, galah, brown falcon, peregrine falcon, square-tailed kite, royal spoonbill, black swan, Pacific black duck, little pied cormorant, moorhen,


title: "British Rail Class 15" content: single cab positioned part-way down the body like a North American road-switcher, gave the crew poor forward visibility in both directions of travel, although this was initially tolerated as it was no worse than the visibility from a steam locomotive cab. Despite these problems the class were more successful than the contemporary Type 1 locomotives of Class 16 and the later Class 17. With a decline in freight duties in the London area, and as a relatively small and non-standard class, the type was considered surplus to requirements by the late 1960s. All were withdrawn from capital stock between April


title: "Cadence Records" content: Two", released in March 1963, reached #4. Both albums were immediately recalled and taken out of print following Kennedy's Dallas assassination. The departures of the Everly Brothers in 1960 (to Warner Bros. Records) and of Andy Williams in 1961 (to Columbia Records), along with radical changes in public taste and the music business brought on by the British Invasion, led to the rapid decline of the company by 1964. Bleyer opted to shut down Cadence, and sold Williams' masters to the singer, which he bought mainly because he wanted to keep any other buyer (Kapp Records and Liberty Records were


title: "Archie Bleyer" content: popular "Gordon MacRae Show". Included among the instrumentalist who appeared with his orchestra was John Serry Sr., who emerged in later years as a leading orchestral accordionist. He became Arthur Godfrey's musical director in 1946, remaining in this role until 1953. Many close to Godfrey considered Bleyer's creativity and understanding of music to be pivotal to the success of Godfrey's radio and TV programs. And while Godfrey was known to be short-fused and controlling, he often deferred to Bleyer's judgment in the areas of presentation and production. Bleyer founded Cadence Records in 1952. The label's first artist was Julius La


title: "Trooper (band)" content: River Blues", on the Rumble Records Label. "Are You a Monkey" later appeared on a rock collection: 1983's "The History of Vancouver Rock and Roll, Vol. 3". In the early seventies Winter's Green changed their name to Applejack and added drummer Tommy Stewart and bassist Harry Kalensky to their lineup. Applejack became a very popular band in the Vancouver area, and began touring extensively in British Columbia. The band played a few original tunes such as "Raise a Little Hell", and "Oh, Pretty Lady", as well as Top 40 songs by artists such as Neil Young, and Chicago. After hearing


title: "United Kingdom corporation tax" content: 2016-17. Until 1965, companies were subject to income tax on their profits at the same rates as was levied on individual taxpayers. A dividend imputation system existed, whereby the income tax paid by a company was offset against the income tax liability of a shareholder who received dividends from the company. The standard rate of income tax in 1949 was 50%. If the company paid a £100 dividend, the recipient would be treated as if he had earned £200 and had paid £100 in income tax on it – the tax paid by the company fully covered the tax due


title: "Tricolored heron" content: Tricolored heron The tricolored heron ("Egretta tricolor"), formerly known as the Louisiana heron, is a small species of heron that is native to coastal parts of the Americas. In the Atlantic region in ranges from northeastern United States, south along the coast, through the Mexican Gulf and the Caribbean, to northern South America as far south as Brazil. In the Pacific region it ranges from Peru to California, but it is only a non-breeding visitor to the far north. Tricolored heron's breed in swamps and other coastal habitats. It nests in colonies, often with other herons, usually on platforms of


title: "Tricolored heron" content: sticks in trees or shrubs. In each clutch, 3–7 eggs are typically laid. This species measures from long and has a wingspan of . The slightly larger male heron weighs on average, while the female averages . It is a medium-large, long-legged, long-necked heron with a long pointed yellowish or greyish bill with a black tip. The legs and feet are dark. Adults have a blue-grey head, neck, back and upperwings, with a white line along the neck. The belly is white. In breeding plumage, they have long blue filamentous plumes on the head and neck, and buff ones on


title: "Tricolored heron" content: the back. The tricolored heron stalks its prey in shallow or deeper water, often running as it does so. It eats fish, crustaceans, reptiles, and insects. Tricolored heron The tricolored heron ("Egretta tricolor"), formerly known as the Louisiana heron, is a small species of heron that is native to coastal parts of the Americas. In the Atlantic region in ranges from northeastern United States, south along the coast, through the Mexican Gulf and the Caribbean, to northern South America as far south as Brazil. In the Pacific region it ranges from Peru to California, but it is only a non-breeding


title: "Dave Holland" content: recordings as well, working with singer Bonnie Raitt on her 1972 album "Give It Up". Holland formed his first working quintet in 1983, and over the next four years released "Jumpin' In", "Seeds of Time", and "The Razor's Edge", featuring alto saxophonist Steve Coleman, trumpeter Wheeler and trombonist Julian Priester (or Robin Eubanks). Subsequently, he formed the Dave Holland Trio (with Coleman and DeJohnette) for the 1988 album "Triplicate", and teamed with Coleman, electric guitarist Kevin Eubanks and drummer Marvin "Smitty" Smith for "Extensions". He also recorded "Life Cycle", an album of compositions played on solo cello. The bassist also


title: "Isonoe (moon)" content: Isonoe (moon) Isonoe ( ; Greek: "Ισονόη"), also known as ', is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2000, and given the temporary designation '. Isonoe is about 3.8 kilometres in diameter, and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 23,833 Km in 751.647 days, at an inclination of 166° to the ecliptic (169° to Jupiter's equator), in a retrograde direction and with an eccentricity of 0.166. It was named in October 2002 after Isonoe, one of the Danaides in Greek


title: Insurgency content: were once taken over by the autocratic regimes. Insurgencies differ in their use of tactics and methods. In a 2004 article, Robert R. Tomes spoke of four elements that "typically encompass an insurgency": Tomes' is an example of a definition that does not cover all insurgencies. For example, the French Revolution had no cell system, and in the American Revolution, little to no attempt was made to terrorize civilians. In consecutive coups in 1977 and 1999 in Pakistan, the initial actions focused internally on the government rather than on seeking broad support. While Tomes' definition fits well with Mao's Phase


title: "Margaret Hamilton (actress)" content: in 1923. Hamilton also practiced her craft doing children's theater while she was a Junior League of Cleveland member. She later moved to Painesville, Ohio. Before she turned to acting exclusively, her parents insisted that she attend Wheelock College in Boston, which she did, later becoming a kindergarten teacher. Hamilton's career as a film actress was driven by the very qualities that placed her in stark contrast to the stereotypical Hollywood glamour girl. Her image was that of a New England spinster, extremely pragmatic and impatient with all manner of "tomfoolery". Hamilton's looks helped to bring steady work as a


title: "Little blue heron" content: Little blue heron The little blue heron ("Egretta caerulea") is a small heron. It breeds in the Gulf states of the US, through Central America and the Caribbean south to Peru and Uruguay. It is a resident breeder in most of its range, but some northern breeders migrate to the southeastern US or beyond in winter. There is post-breeding dispersal to well north of the nesting range, as far as the Canada–US border. This species is about long, with a wingspan, and weighs . It is a medium-large, long-legged heron with a long pointed blue or greyish bill with a


title: "Little blue heron" content: black tip. Breeding adult birds have blue-grey plumage except for the head and neck, which are purplish and have long blue filamentous plumes. The legs and feet are dark blue. The sexes are similar. Non-breeding adults have dark blue head and neck plumage and paler legs. Young birds are all white except for dark wing tips and have dull greenish legs. They gradually acquire blue plumage as they mature. The little blue heron's breeding habitat is sub-tropical swamps. It nests in colonies, often with other herons, usually on platforms of sticks in trees or shrubs. Three to seven light blue


title: "Little blue heron" content: eggs are laid. The little blue heron stalks its prey methodically in shallow water, often running as it does so. It eats fish, frogs, crustaceans, small rodents and insects. White little blue herons often mingle with snowy egrets. The snowy egret tolerates their presence more than little blue herons in adult plumage. These young birds actually catch more fish when in the presence of the snowy egret and also gain a measure of protection from predators when they mix into flocks of white herons. It is plausible that because of these advantages, they remain white for their first year. Little


title: "Desert night lizard" content: Desert night lizard The desert night lizard ("Xantusia vigilis") is a night lizard native to southern California east of the Sierras and San Gabriel Mountains into Baja California, southern Nevada, southwestern Utah and extreme western Arizona. The desert night lizard attains a snout-to-vent length (SVL) of with a tail roughly the same length. The lizard's coloring is usually gray, yellow-brownish, or olive. Despite their name, night lizards are active during the day. They are known to easily to change their color, from light olive (usually during the evening) to dark brown during the day. It is a good climber and


title: "Desert night lizard" content: usually eats termites, small insects, spiders and other arthropods. It is a secretive lizard of arid and semi-arid locales. During the day it may be found under fallen debris of desert plants and in rock crevices. It is usually associated with varieties of yucca such as the Joshua Tree, Spanish Dagger, and Spanish Bayonet. Like all night lizards, the desert night lizard is viviparous, giving birth to live young and producing 1 to 3 young from August to December. Unusually for a lizard it forms family social groups with a father-mother pair and offspring, which may delay dispersing for years.


title: "Desert night lizard" content: The young are capable of feeding themselves but will huddle together with their relatives. They do not receive any direct care from their parents and older siblings and it is not yet known what the advantages of staying with their parents are. The baby lizards are well-camouflaged and are not much bigger than a toothpick. The yucca night lizard, "Xantusia vigilis vigilis," is a subspecies. Desert night lizard The desert night lizard ("Xantusia vigilis") is a night lizard native to southern California east of the Sierras and San Gabriel Mountains into Baja California, southern Nevada, southwestern Utah and extreme western


title: "Knoebels Amusement Resort" content: Panther Cars, whose repairs took almost three weeks. On September 7, 2011, Knoebels experienced its most recent flood, caused by Tropical Storm Lee. Water levels neared those of the flood of 1972 and damages exceeded that flood. The majority of the park reopened the following weekend, having missed only two days of operation. For the 2013 season, Knoebels added StratosFear, the park's tallest ride at , which quickly became a top thrill for everyone. In 2015 a new roller coaster opened, named the "Impulse", that replaced two former rides, the bumper boats and boat tag, both of which had been


title: "Knoebels Amusement Resort" content: losing popularity, while maintenance costs became increasingly high. In 2016, Knoebels celebrated its 90th anniversary and opened The Nickle Plate Bar and Grill at Knoebels Three Ponds Golf Club. On July 23, 2018, Knoebels was flooded when a creek overflowed and flooded the park. About 150 employees were at the park cleaning up. The park then flooded again on July 25, 2018. The park reopened on July 27, 2018. The park offers free admission, free parking, and free entertainment. Visitors are able to ride the park's attractions by purchasing either pay-one-price, all-day/unlimited-access wristbands (which are not usually available on weekends,


title: Welteislehre content: in a gigantic star into which a smaller, dead, waterlogged star fell. This impact caused a huge explosion that flung fragments of the smaller star out into interstellar space where the water condensed and froze into giant blocks of ice. A ring of such blocks formed, that we now call the Milky Way, as well as a number of solar systems among which was our own, but with many more planets than currently exist. Interplanetary space is filled with traces of hydrogen gas, which cause the planets to slowly spiral inwards, along with ice blocks. The outer planets are large


title: "Walter Goehr" content: 2004, in Berlin, Prenzlauer Berg, Abspannwerk Humboldt. In 1942, he made a new arrangement of Mussorgsky's piano suite "Pictures at an Exhibition" with a subsidiary piano part. In 1946, he arranged a number of Mussorgsky's piano pieces into the orchestral suite "Pictures from the Crimea". In 1947, Goehr composed the music for the much acclaimed film "Great Expectations", directed by David Lean. He wrote several other film scores. He was also well known for conducting film soundtracks, including "A Canterbury Tale", for which his friend Allan Gray had composed the score. In 1952 he conducted the first recording of "L'incoronazione


title: "Nuclear War (card game)" content: surviving (with the survivor not necessarily being the points winner). The delivery systems in the game reflect some of those in the American arsenal at the time each set was released, including the Polaris, Atlas and Saturn rockets. Other available delivery systems include the XB-70 Valkyrie deep penetration bomber, which had been cancelled several years prior to the base game's release, but which had two operational prototypes at the time; and the Convair B-58 Hustler, out of service for 35 years by the time it was introduced in 2004's "Weapons of Mass Destruction". Flying Buffalo has released a number of