title: Bushel content: Old French ", thus meaning "little butt". The bushel is an intermediate value between the pound and ton or tun that was introduced to England following the Norman Conquest. Norman statutes made the London bushel part of the legal measure of English wine, ale, and grains. The Assize of Bread and Ale credited to Henry III, , defined this bushel in terms of the wine gallon, while the Assize of Weights and Measures usually credited to Edward I or II defined the London bushel in terms of the larger corn gallon. In either case, the bushel was reckoned to contain


title: Bushel content: 64 pounds of 12 ounces of 20 pence of 32 grains. These measures were based on the relatively light tower pound and were rarely used in Scotland, Ireland, or Wales during the Middle Ages. When the Tower system was abolished in the 16th century, the bushel was redefined as 56 avoirdupois pounds. The imperial bushel established by the Weights and Measures Act of 1824 described the bushel as the volume of 80 avoirdupois pounds of distilled water in air at or 8 imperial gallons. This is the bushel in some use in the United Kingdom. Thus, there is no distinction


title: Bushel content: between liquid and dry measure in the imperial system. The Winchester bushel was the volume of a cylinder in diameter and high, which gives an irrational number of cubic inches. The modern American or US bushel is a variant of this, rounded to exactly 2150.42 cubic inches, less than one part per ten million less. It is also somewhat in use in Canada. Bushels are now most often used as units of mass or weight rather than of volume. The bushels in which grains are bought and sold on commodity markets or at local grain elevators, and for reports of


title: Bushel content: grain production, are all units of weight. This is done by assigning a standard weight to each commodity that is to be measured in bushels. These bushels depend on the commodities being measured, and on the moisture content of the commodity. Some of the more common ones are: Other specific values are defined (and those definitions may vary within different jurisdictions, including from state to state in the United States) for other grains, oilseeds, fruits, vegetables, coal, hair and many other commodities. Government policy in the United States is to phase out units such as the bushel and replace them


title: Bushel content: with metric mass equivalents. The German bushel was the ". The Polish bushel (') was used as measure of dry capacity. It was divided into 4 quarters (') and in the early 19th century had a value of 128 litres in Warsaw and 501.116 litres in Kraków. The Spanish bushel ("") was used as a measure of dry capacity. It was roughly equal to 55.5 litres in Castille. Bushel A bushel (abbreviation: bsh. or bu.) is an imperial and US customary unit of weight or mass based upon an earlier measure of dry capacity. The old bushel was equal to


title: "Egg salad" content: Egg salad Egg salad is a dish made primarily of chopped hard-boiled eggs and mayonnaise, often including other ingredients such as celery or mustard, and is frequently used as a sandwich spread. It is made mixed with seasonings in the form of herbs, spices, and other ingredients, and bound with mayonnaise. It is similar to chicken salad, crab salad, ham salad, lobster salad, and tuna salad. A typical egg salad is made of chopped hard-boiled eggs, mayonnaise, mustard, minced celery and onion, salt, black pepper, and paprika. A common use for it as a filling for egg sandwiches. It is


title: "Egg salad" content: also often used as a topping for a green salad. Egg salad can be made creatively with any number of other cold foods added. Bacon, bell pepper, capers, cheese, cucumber, onions, lettuce, pickle relish, and pickles are common additional ingredients. A closely related sandwich filler is egg mayonnaise, wherein chopped hard-boiled egg is mixed with mayonnaise only. A popular variant in Russia and the former Soviet states is the Salad Olivier. Egg salad Egg salad is a dish made primarily of chopped hard-boiled eggs and mayonnaise, often including other ingredients such as celery or mustard, and is frequently used as


title: "Salsa (sauce)" content: Salsa (sauce) Salsa is any one of several sauces typical of Mexican cuisine, also known as salsa fresca, hot salsa or salsa picante, particularly those used as dips. Salsa is often tomato-based, and includes ingredients such as onions, chilies, an acid and herbs. It is typically piquant, ranging from mild to extremely hot. Though many different sauce preparations are called "salsa" in Spanish, in English, it generally refers to raw or near-raw sauces used as dips. The word "salsa" entered the English language from the Spanish "salsa" ("sauce"), which itself derives from the Latin "salsus" (salted). The native Spanish pronunciation


title: "Salsa (sauce)" content: prevent the growth of bacteria. Salsa (sauce) Salsa is any one of several sauces typical of Mexican cuisine, also known as salsa fresca, hot salsa or salsa picante, particularly those used as dips. Salsa is often tomato-based, and includes ingredients such as onions, chilies, an acid and herbs. It is typically piquant, ranging from mild to extremely hot. Though many different sauce preparations are called "salsa" in Spanish, in English, it generally refers to raw or near-raw sauces used as dips. The word "salsa" entered the English language from the Spanish "salsa" ("sauce"), which itself derives from the Latin "salsus"


title: Containment content: Containment Containment is a geopolitical strategy to stop the expansion of an enemy. It is best known as a Cold War foreign policy of the United States and its allies to prevent the spread of communism. As a component of the Cold War, this policy was a response to a series of moves by the Soviet Union to increase communist influence in Eastern Europe, China, Korea, Africa, Vietnam, and Latin America. Containment represented a middle-ground position between detente and rollback. The basis of the doctrine was articulated in a 1946 cable by U.S. diplomat George F. Kennan during the post-World


title: Containment content: War II administration of U.S. President Harry S. Truman. As a description of U.S. foreign policy, the word originated in a report Kennan submitted to U.S. Defense Secretary James Forrestal in 1947, which was later used in a magazine article. It is a translation of the French term" cordon sanitaire", which was used to describe Western policy toward the Soviet Union in the 1920s. There were major historical precedents familiar to Americans and Europeans. In the 1850s, anti-slavery forces in the United States developed a free soil strategy of containment, without using the word, to stop the expansion of slavery


title: Containment content: until it later collapsed. Historian James Oakes explains the strategy: The Federal government would surround the south with free states, free territories, and free waters, building what they called a 'cordon of freedom' around slavery, hemming it in until the system's own internal weaknesses forced the slave states one by one to abandon slavery. Between 1873 and 1877, Germany repeatedly intervened in the internal affairs of France's neighbors. In Belgium, Spain, and Italy, Bismarck exerted strong and sustained political pressure to support the election or appointment of liberal, anticlerical governments. This was part of an integrated strategy to promote republicanism


title: Containment content: in France by strategically and ideologically isolating the clerical-monarchist regime of President Patrice de Mac-Mahon. It was hoped that by ringing France with a number of liberal states, French republicans could defeat MacMahon and his reactionary supporters. The modern concept of containment provides a useful model for understanding the dynamics of this policy. Following the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, there were calls by Western leaders to isolate the Bolshevik government, which seemed intent on promoting worldwide revolution. In March 1919, French Premier Georges Clemenceau called for a "cordon sanitaire", a ring of non-communist states, to isolate the Soviet Union.


title: Containment content: Translating that phrase, U.S. President Woodrow Wilson called for a "quarantine." Both phrases compare communism to a contagious disease. The U.S. initially refused to recognize the Soviet Union, but President Franklin D. Roosevelt reversed the policy in 1933 in the hope to expand American export markets. The Munich Agreement of 1938 was a failed attempt to contain Nazi expansion in Europe. The U.S. tried to contain Japanese expansion in Asia in 1937 to 1941, and Japan reacted with its attack on Pearl Harbor. After Germany invaded the Soviet Union in 1941 during World War II, the U.S. and the Soviet


title: Containment content: Union found themselves allied against Germany and used rollback to defeat the Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, and Japan. Key State Department personnel grew increasingly frustrated with and suspicious of the Soviets as the war drew to a close. Averell Harriman, U.S. Ambassador in Moscow, once a "confirmed optimist" regarding U.S.-Soviet relations, was disillusioned by what he saw as the Soviet betrayal of the 1944 Warsaw Uprising as well as by violations of the February 1945 Yalta Agreement concerning Poland. Harriman would later have a significant influence in forming Truman's views on the Soviet Union. In February 1946, the U.S. State


title: Containment content: Department asked George F. Kennan, then at the U.S. Embassy in Moscow, why the Russians opposed the creation of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. He responded with a wide-ranging analysis of Russian policy now called the "Long Telegram": According to Kennan: Kennan's cable was hailed in the State Department as "the appreciation of the situation that had long been needed." Kennan himself attributed the enthusiastic reception to timing: "Six months earlier the message would probably have been received in the State Department with raised eyebrows and lips pursed in disapproval. Six months later, it would probably have


title: Containment content: sounded redundant." Clark Clifford and George Elsey produced a report elaborating on the "Long Telegram" and proposing concrete policy recommendations based on its analysis. This report, which recommended "restraining and confining" Soviet influence, was presented to Truman on September 24, 1946. In January 1947, Kennan drafted an essay entitled "The Sources of Soviet Conduct." Navy Secretary James V. Forrestal gave permission for the report to be published in the journal "Foreign Affairs" under the pseudonym "X." Biographer Douglas Brinkley has dubbed Forrestal "godfather of containment" on account of his work in distributing Kennan's writing. The use of the word "containment"


title: Containment content: originates from this so-called "X Article": "In these circumstances it is clear that the main element of any United States policy toward the Soviet Union must be that of long-term, patient but firm and vigilant containment of Russian expansive tendencies." Kennan later turned against the containment policy and noted several deficiencies in his X Article. He later said that by containment he meant not the containment of Soviet Power "by military means of a military threat, but the political containment of a political threat." Second, Kennan admitted a failure in the article to specify the geographical scope of "containment", and


title: Ochre content: The Romans used yellow ochre in their paintings to represent gold and skin tones, and as a background colour. It is found frequently in the murals of Pompeii. The Ancient Picts were said to paint themselves "Iron Red" according to the Gothic historian Jordanes. Frequent references in Irish myth to "red men" (Gaelic: Fer Dearg) make it likely that such a practice was common to the Celts of the British Isles, bog iron being particularly abundant in the midlands of Ireland. Ochre has been used for millennia by Aboriginal Australians for body decoration, sun protection, mortuary practices, cave painting, bark


title: "Elastic modulus" content: Elastic modulus An elastic modulus (also known as modulus of elasticity) is a quantity that measures an object or substance's resistance to being deformed elastically (i.e., non-permanently) when a stress is applied to it. The elastic modulus of an object is defined as the slope of its stress–strain curve in the elastic deformation region: A stiffer material will have a higher elastic modulus. An elastic modulus has the form: where stress is the force causing the deformation divided by the area to which the force is applied and strain is the ratio of the change in some parameter caused by


title: "Elastic modulus" content: elastic moduli, all other elastic moduli can be calculated according to formulas in the table below at the end of page. Inviscid fluids are special in that they cannot support shear stress, meaning that the shear modulus is always zero. This also implies that Young's modulus for this group is always zero. In some English texts the here described quantity is called "elastic constant", while the inverse quantity is referred to as "elastic modulus". Elastic modulus An elastic modulus (also known as modulus of elasticity) is a quantity that measures an object or substance's resistance to being deformed elastically (i.e.,


title: "LCD projector" content: LCD projector An LCD projector is a type of video projector for displaying video, images or computer data on a screen or other flat surface. It is a modern equivalent of the slide projector or overhead projector. To display images, LCD (liquid-crystal display) projectors typically send light from a metal-halide lamp through a prism or series of dichroic filters that separates light to three polysilicon panelsone each for the red, green and blue components of the video signal. As polarized light passes through the panels (combination of polarizer, LCD panel and analyzer), individual pixels can be opened to allow light


title: "LCD projector" content: is fourteen feet away from the screen, then the display width will be seven feet. Early experiments with liquid crystals to generate a video image were done by John A. van Raalte at the RCA-Laboratories in 1968. His concept was based on e-beam-addressing to generate an electronic charge pattern corresponding to a video image, which in turn controlled the LC layer of a reflective LC cell. Gene Dolgoff began thinking about different types of projectors in college in 1968 as a way to produce a video projector that would be brighter than the then-available CRT projectors. The idea was to


title: "LCD projector" content: LCD front projection began a comeback with the introduction of the dynamic iris and other modifications that have improved perceived contrast to levels similar to DLP. The basic design of an LCD projector is frequently used by hobbyists who build their own DIY (do-it-yourself) projection systems. The basic technique is to combine a high color-rendering index (CRI) high-intensity discharge lamp (HID lamp) and ballast with a condenser and collector Fresnel lens, an LCD removed from a common computer display and a triplet lens. Benefits of Three-Panel, Liquid Crystal Display Technology", projectorcentral.com LCD projector An LCD projector is a type of


title: "Telephone-pole beetle" content: Telephone-pole beetle The telephone-pole beetle ("Micromalthus debilis") is a beetle native to the eastern United States, and the only living representative of the otherwise extinct family Micromalthidae (i.e., a "living fossil"). Classification of "M. debilis" was historically controversial and unsettled. The species, first reported by John Lawrence LeConte in 1878, was long considered one of the Polyphaga, and placed in the Lymexylidae or Telegeusidae, or as a family within the Cantharoidea. However, characteristics of larvae, wings, and male genitalia show that it is in the suborder Archostemata, where it has been placed since 1999. The beetle is elongated, ranging from


title: "Telephone-pole beetle" content: 1.5 to 2.5 mm in length, and a dark brown to blackish color, with brownish-yellow legs and antennae. The head is larger than the thorax, with large eyes protruding from either side. The larvae are wood-borers that feed on moist and decaying chestnut and oak logs. They have also been reported as causing damage to buildings and poles (hence the name). The life cycle is unusual in that the cerambycoid stage of the larva can either develop into an adult female, or give birth to caraboid larvae. The species has been spread to various parts of the world by human


title: "Telephone-pole beetle" content: commerce, probably in timber. Reports of the species are infrequent and it is unknown whether they are rare, or common and unrecognized. A recent study by Bertone et al 2016 found telephone-pole beetles in a survey of the indoor arthropod fauna in 50 houses located in and around Raleigh, North Carolina. Telephone-pole beetle The telephone-pole beetle ("Micromalthus debilis") is a beetle native to the eastern United States, and the only living representative of the otherwise extinct family Micromalthidae (i.e., a "living fossil"). Classification of "M. debilis" was historically controversial and unsettled. The species, first reported by John Lawrence LeConte in


title: Itch content: Pain and itch have very different behavioral response patterns. Pain evokes a withdrawal reflex, which leads to retraction and therefore a reaction trying to protect an endangered part of the body. Itch in contrast creates a scratch reflex, which draws one to the affected skin site. Itch generates stimulus of a foreign object underneath or upon the skin and also the urge to remove it. For example, responding to a local itch sensation is an effective way to remove insects from one's skin. Scratching has traditionally been regarded as a way to relieve oneself by reducing the annoying itch sensation.


title: "Morgan Motor Company" content: but brought back in 1985 with a Fiat engine (1985–1988) and then a 4-cylinder Rover engine (1988–2000). Production was again suspended and the Plus 4 returned once more in 2004 with a Ford 4-cylinder. From October 1965 to April 1967 Morgan produced the two-seat +4 Competition, of which only 42 were built. It was approximately 10% more expensive than the standard +4. The Competition model had a low-line body and generally came with a Derrington exhaust manifold, Derrington competiton steering wheel, 72-spoke wire wheels, Armstrong select-a-ride electrically adjustable rear shock absorbers, inflatable seat cushions, 2.2-litre twin-carburettor TR4 engine, and upgraded


title: "Morgan Motor Company" content: Eva GT would use BMW N54 twin-turbo straight-6 producing 302 bhp, Euro-6 emissions compliant. Shown at Pebble Beach in clay in 2010 and expected to go on sale in 2012, deposits have been taken since 2010. At the end of 2011, Morgan announced that it would use new magnesium technology for the body and therefore it would not be represented until 2014 with deliveries after that. In 2013 dealers confirmed that the EvaGT had been cancelled. The Morgan Motor Company announced that they would launch the "3 Wheeler" in 2011 at the Geneva Motor Show. The 3 Wheeler was initially


title: "Morgan Motor Company" content: deposits have been taken since the announcement in 2011. Customer deliveries began in Europe in February 2012. US deliveries were not expected before June 2012, when the first imported three-wheeler was displayed in New York City and at the Greenwich Concours d'Elegance. The Morgan 3 Wheeler was featured in a Series 18 episode of UK motoring show "Top Gear" where presenter Richard Hammond selected the Morgan 3 Wheeler in a comparison of track-day cars. The 3 Wheeler won the "Not-A-Car of the Year 2011" in "Top Gear" magazine. For part of the 1950s and 1960s, the United States provided the


title: "Morgan Motor Company" content: by Bobby Singh and Gideon Lang-Laddie of Manhattan Motorsports. This was the first time in 10 years that Morgan had had a presence at the largest of the American car shows and was the first US specification Morgan 3 Wheeler in the United States. The Morgan 3 Wheeler was voted one of the "Hottest Cars Of The Show" by G4TV. In May 2012, Manhattan Motorsports took delivery of Charles Morgan's Superdry edition Morgan 3 Wheeler and prepared it for its first major American trial. This vehicle was driven across the States, from New York to Los Angeles by Charles Morgan


title: Collapse! content: which case clicking on them causes the surrounding blocks to disappear), or are the color of one of the groups of bricks (in which case clicking on the bomb eliminates all bricks on the board that are the same color). Black bombs have the additional quality of serving as a bridge between bricks of the same color; if two or more bricks of the same color are touching a bomb, then clicking one of those bricks has the same effect of clicking on a group of three or more bricks of the same color. In "Super Collapse 3!", this rule


title: "White tea" content: of the tea plant from which the tea was picked, the cultivation technique, and the way in which the tea was processed. The base process for manufacturing white tea is as follows: White tea belongs to the group of tea that does not require panning, rolling or shaking. However, the selection of raw material in white tea manufacture is extremely stringent; only the plucking of young tea leaves with much fine hair can produce good-quality white tea of a high pekoe (grading) value. White tea White tea may refer to one of several styles of tea which generally feature young


title: Bullion content: form of bullion coins, silver and gold being the most common metals. Some bullion coins have been used as currency throughout the 20th century, such as the Maria Theresa thaler and the Krugerrand. However, modern bullion coins generally do not enter common circulation despite having legal tender status and a nominal face value. Some modern bullion coins are produced as both business strike and collectible proof and uncirculated versions, such as the gold and silver American eagle. Business strikes typically are sold at prices commensurate with their precious metal content, whereas collectible versions are sold at a significant premium over


title: "Kilkenny Castle" content: tower of the Castle were damaged in 1650 during the siege of Kilkenny by Oliver Cromwell during the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland. They were later torn down. Then, in 1661, Butler remodelled the castle as a “modern” château after his return from exile. A new entrance gateway in the south wall was built around this time. During the Irish Civil War in 1922, Republicans were besieged in the Castle by Irish Free State forces. The Ormondes, together with their pet Pekinese, chose to remain "in situ" in their bedroom over the great gate, which was the main focus of attack.


title: Skype content: networks) are charged via a debit-based user account system called Skype Credit. Some network administrators have banned Skype on corporate, government, home, and education networks, citing such reasons as inappropriate usage of resources, excessive bandwidth usage and security concerns. Skype originally featured a hybrid peer-to-peer and client–server system. Skype has been powered entirely by Microsoft-operated supernodes since May 2012. The 2013 mass surveillance disclosures revealed that Microsoft had granted intelligence agencies unfettered access to supernodes and Skype communication content. Throughout 2016 and 2017, Microsoft redesigned its Skype clients in a way that transitioned Skype from peer-to-peer service to a centralized


title: Skype content: although Messenger continued in mainland China. On 11 November 2014, Microsoft announced that in 2015, Lync would be replaced by Skype for Business. The latest version of the communication software combines features of Lync and the consumer Skype software. There are two user interfaces – organizations can switch their users from the default Skype for Business interface to the Lync interface. Registered users of Skype are identified by a unique Skype Name and may be listed in the Skype directory. Skype allows these registered users to communicate through both instant messaging and voice chat. Voice chat allows telephone calls between


title: Skype content: is complete. On 29 October 2007, Skype launched its own mobile phone under the brand name 3 Skypephone, which runs a BREW OS. Skype also offers a Skype Wi-Fi Phone, which is a wireless mobile phone that allows users to make Skype calls, using a wireless Internet connection. The Skype Wi-Fi Phone has an on-screen menu that lets Skype users see who is online and available to talk, similar to what is seen on a PC. It can also be used to talk with non-Skype users. SkypeOut minutes can be used to call any phone for a low price and


title: Skype content: or Java environment. Nimbuzz made Skype available to BlackBerry users and Fring provided mobile video calling over Skype as well as support for the Android platform. Skype disabled Fring users from accessing Skype in July 2010. Nimbuzz discontinued support on request of Skype in October 2010. Before and during the Microsoft acquisition, Skype withdrew licensing from several third parties producing software and hardware compatible with Skype. The Skype for Asterisk product from Digium was withdrawn as "no longer available for sale". The Senao SN358+ long-range (10–15 km) cordless phone was discontinued due to loss of licenses to participate in the


title: Skype content: Skype network as peers. In combination, these two products made it possible to create roaming cordless mesh networks with a robust handoff. Skype uses a proprietary Internet telephony (VoIP) network called the Skype protocol. The protocol has not been made publicly available by Skype, and official applications using the protocol are closed-source. Part of the Skype technology relies on the Global Index P2P protocol belonging to the Joltid Ltd. corporation. The main difference between Skype and standard VoIP clients is that Skype operates on a peer-to-peer model (originally based on the Kazaa software), rather than the more usual client–server model


title: "Iceland (supermarket)" content: The stores stock Iceland products as well as Waitrose's. On 28 July 2012 Iceland opened a store in Kópavogur, Iceland. Today Iceland operates 3 24/7 stores located in Kópavogur and the capital Reykjavík. Sandpiper CI has six Iceland franchise supermarkets in Jersey and four in Guernsey. Via franchise agreement with a local food importer and distributor, Iceland operates in Malta. Initially - from 1998 - this was the supply only of Iceland-branded products to supermarkets, but from 2015 the operation opened its first Iceland store in Birkirkara. Further stores then opened in Mosta and Qawra with a 4th store in


title: "Pardon the Interruption" content: holiday theme (e.g. red, white, and blue to represent Independence Day, green for St. Patricks Day, red and green for Christmas). On September 27, 2010, "Pardon the Interruption" and "Around The Horn" began broadcasting in high definition and moved from the Atlantic Video Washington complex to facilities in the ABC News Washington bureau, where high definition sets were built for both shows. "PTI" is divided into several segments. It is not unusual for the last point or topic in each section to be about a non-sports-related pop-culture event. On rare occasions, the show will stray from its basic format, such


title: "Zebra finch" content: Zebra finch The zebra finch ("Taeniopygia guttata") is the most common estrildid finch of Central Australia and ranges over most of the continent, avoiding only the cool moist south and some areas of the tropical far north. It can also be found natively in Indonesia and East Timor. The bird has been introduced to Puerto Rico and Portugal. The zebra finch was first collected in 1801 during Nicolas Baudin's expedition to Australia. It was described in 1817 by Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot in his "Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle", where he gave it the scientific name "Fringilla guttata". The Australian subspecies


title: "Zebra finch" content: was then described in 1837 by John Gould as "Amadina castanotis". Its current genus, "Taeniopygia", was described in 1862 by Ludwig Reichenbach. It is placed in the tribe Poephilini, along with the genus "Poephila", which it was previously included in; the split between "Taeniopygia" and "Poephila" is justified by 1987 study using protein electrophoresis and chromosomal banding. There are two subspecies of the zebra finch: The zebra finch likely evolved in Australia, with either northern or southeastern Australia postulated as two places where the genus arose. The present-day distribution of the subspecies "T. g. guttata" is likely due to a


title: "Zebra finch" content: precipitation is detrimental to the zebra finch. This is supported by the observation that the nest does not shield the chicks or eggs from rain, and rainfall can sometimes result in clutches being abandoned. Furthermore, it is supported by Immelmann's finding that zebra finches left Wyndham after the first heavy rains in November 1959, but returned to breed in April. It is hypothesized that birds in parts of northern Australia migrate inland during the wet season from October to May, and return to the coastal regions during the dryer months. The life expectancy of a zebra finch is highly variable


title: "Zebra finch" content: because of genetic and environmental factors. The zebra finch may reach up to five years in its natural environment. If they are kept caged, they normally live for 5 to 9 years but may live as long as 12 years, with an exceptional case of 14.5 years reported for a caged specimen. The greatest threats to zebra finch survival are predation by cats and loss of natural food. Zebra finches are loud and boisterous singers. Their calls can be a loud "beep", "meep", "oi!" or "a-ha!". Their song is a few small beeps, leading up to a rhythmic song of


title: "Zebra finch" content: zebra finch is used as a model to study FoxP2 expression and function. The zebra finch genome was the second bird genome to be sequenced, in 2008, after that of the chicken. The zebra finch uses an acoustic signal to communicate to embryos. It gives an incubation call to its eggs when the weather is hot—above —and when the end of their incubation period is near. This call alters the growth and behaviour of the chicks, with chicks that were given an incubation call having less mass at the end of the nestling phase when they experienced higher nest temperatures.


title: "Zebra finch" content: near nests with chicks older than six days (used as a proxy for reproductive success because they fledge about 87% of the time). The zebra finch usually places its nest in a thorny shrub or tree, although it will nest in other structures, natural and artificial. Often, there are multiple nests in one shrub. The zebra finch builds both a roosting and breeding nest. The former is dome-shaped and has a large entrance on the side. This contrasts with the small entrance that conceals the inside of the latter nest. The breeding nest is also lined with soft material, such


title: "Zebra finch" content: as wool and feathers. Both sites are defended during the day; however, while a desperate bird is sometimes let in to the roosting nest during the night, the breeding nest is always guarded. The zebra finch is an opportunistic breeder, initiating reproductive behaviour about one to three months after water becomes available. This is so that the young hatch when semi-ripe and ripe seeds (their primary food) become available. This finding is in line with the food quality hypothesis of zebra finch breeding, which states that dry grass seed is inadequate as a food source for nestlings, and that higher


title: "Zebra finch" content: early death (inbreeding depression) in the zebra finch, although it does not seem to affect fertility. Embryos have a much lower survival rate, with a study finding fertile eggs from sibling pairs had only about a 25% survival rate, compared to about 41% for unrelated pairs. This early difference in survival eventually becomes null after fledging, with about equal survival rates for offspring from both sibling and unrelated pairs. Inbreeding depression mostly arises due to the expression of deleterious recessive alleles. The zebra finch is primarily eats grass seeds, feeding mostly on semi-ripe and ripe seeds (although it also takes


title: "Zebra finch" content: the stopping of a bout; the longer it is, the more likely it is to be stopped. Feeding is also usually cyclical for the second group. The zebra finch generally consumes about 24% to 28% of its body weight (or about ) in water per day at a temperature of . When at a higher temperature of , it may drink from of water per day. The zebra finch also extracts water from seeds, and can get water from metabolizing its food. This metabolic water consumption can equal the amount of water that is lost when temperatures are below ,


title: "Zebra finch" content: also nest predators, and barn owls take roosting adult zebra finches. Zebra finch The zebra finch ("Taeniopygia guttata") is the most common estrildid finch of Central Australia and ranges over most of the continent, avoiding only the cool moist south and some areas of the tropical far north. It can also be found natively in Indonesia and East Timor. The bird has been introduced to Puerto Rico and Portugal. The zebra finch was first collected in 1801 during Nicolas Baudin's expedition to Australia. It was described in 1817 by Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot in his "Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle", where


title: Mediant content: is considered the dominant parallel, Dp, and in minor the tonic parallel, tP (see: parallel chord). In Roman numeral analysis, the mediant chord can take several forms. In major scales, the mediant chord is minor and is noted with the Roman numeral iii. In a natural minor scale, the mediant occurs as a major chord, noted with the Roman numeral III. In harmonic minor scales and ascending melodic minor scales, the seventh scale degree is raised by a half-step from a subtonic to a leading tone, creating an augmented mediant chord, noted with the Roman numeral ()III. For example, in


title: Submediant content: submediant chord is A-minor, consisting of the notes A, C, and E. Therefore, Am is the vi chord in the C major scale. The scales of C major and A (natural) minor have the property of sharing the same notes: they are said to be the relative of each other, and the C major and A minor chords are also said the relative of each other. In the C minor scale (with a key signature of three flats), the submediant is the note A; and the submediant chord is A-major, consisting of the notes A, C, and E. These chords


title: Granfalloon content: Hoosier, too," she crowed. "Nobody has to be ashamed of being a Hoosier."" "I'm not," I said. "I never knew anybody who was." – Kurt Vonnegut, "Cat's Cradle" </poem> <poem> They had found a can of white paint, and on the front doors of the cab Frank had painted white stars, and on the roof he had painted the letters of a granfalloon: U.S.A. – Kurt Vonnegut, "Cat's Cradle" </poem> The granfalloon technique is a method of persuasion in which individuals are encouraged to identify with a particular granfalloon or social group. The pressure to identify with a group is


title: Freak content: be classified into two groups: "natural freaks" and "made freaks". A "natural freak" would usually refer to a genetic abnormality, while a "made freak" is a once normal person who experienced or initiated an alteration at some point in life (such as receiving surgical implants). "Freak" continues to be used to describe genetic mutations in plants and animals, i.e. "freaks of nature." "Freak" can also be used in a verb form, and can mean: "to become stressed and upset". Usually, in this form, the word is followed by "out" to complete the phrase, "freaking out". However, this meaning and usage


title: "Operation Frankton" content: sinking them. The two crews then set out separately, on foot, for the Spanish border. After two days Laver and Mills were apprehended at Montlieu-la-Garde by the Gendarmerie and handed over to the Germans. Hasler and Sparks arrived at the French town of Ruffec, from where they had beached their canoe, on 18 December 1942. They made contact with someone from the French Resistance at the Hotel de la Toque Blanche and were then taken to a local farm. They spent the next 18 days there in hiding. They were then guided across the Pyrenees into Spain. It was not


title: "Joe Mantegna" content: and changed her name to Gia at age eighteen. Mantegna is a Chicago Cubs fan and has led the singing of "Take Me Out to the Ball Game" during the 7th inning stretch multiple times. This was referenced in the show "Criminal Minds" where his character David Rossi's office is decked with Cubs gear. In 1988 during the play Speed the Plow Mantegna was stricken with Bell's Palsy. Although considered temporary, Mantegna still has persisting facial characteristices of the disease he considers a "stress-related illness", but this has not affected his acting career. Joe Mantegna Joseph Anthony Mantegna (, ;


title: "Ceteris paribus" content: temporal and causal. Temporal isolation requires the factors fixed under the "ceteris paribus" clause to actually move so slowly relative to the other influence that they can be taken as practically constant at any point in time. So, if vegetarianism spreads very slowly, inducing a slow decline in the demand for beef, and the market for beef clears comparatively quickly, we can determine the price of beef at any instant by the intersection of supply and demand, and the changing demand for beef will account for the price changes over time (Temporary Equilibrium Method). The other aspect of substantive isolation


title: "Plantation desk" content: serves as a support for the fall front, thus eliminating the need for retractable supports. Like a normal fall front desk the work surface must be cleared of all materials in order to raise it in a vertical position and thus close off the small drawers and pigeonholes set in front of the user. While the fall front desk was developed by placing a chest on its side, on a stand made for it, to its exact dimensions (as is the case with the Bargueño desk), the plantation desk form was devised by placing such a chest on its side,


title: Self-awareness content: For example, in a study, an experimenter took a red marker and put a fairly large red dot (so it is visible by the infant) on the infant's nose, and placed him/her in front of a mirror. Prior to 15 months of age, the infant will not react to this, but after 15 months of age, they will either touch their nose, wondering what it is they have on their face, or point to it. This indicates the appearance that he/she recognizes that the image they see in the reflection of the mirror is themselves. There is somewhat of the


title: Self-awareness content: Tod likes mac and cheese) and will start to identify certain possessions of theirs (e.g., Lara has a bird as a pet at home). At this age, the infant is in the stage Piaget names the "pre operational" stage of development. The infant is very inaccurate at judging themselves because they do not have much to go about. For example, an infant at this stage will not associate that they are strong with their ability to cross the jungle gym at their school, nor will they associate the fact that they can solve a math problem with their ability to


title: Napkin content: in Canada although "paper napkin" may be used interchangeably with "serviette". In the UK, the term "napkin" is traditionally "U" (upper-class) and "serviette" is "non-U". Conventionally, the napkin is often folded and placed to the left of the place setting, outside the outermost fork. In a restaurant setting or a caterer's hall, it may be folded into more elaborate shapes and displayed on the empty plate. Origami techniques can be used to create a three-dimensional design. A napkin may also be held together in a bundle with cutlery by a napkin ring. Alternatively, paper napkins may be contained with a


title: Napkin content: napkin holder. Napkins were used in ancient Roman times. One of the earliest references to table napkins in English dates to 1384–85. Summaries of napkin history often say that the ancient Greeks used bread to wipe their hands. This is suggested by a passage in one of Alciphron's letters (3:44), and some remarks by the sausage seller in Aristophanes' play, "The Knights". The bread in both texts is referred to as "apomagdalia", which simply means bread from inside the crust known as "the crumb", and not special "napkin bread". The use of paper napkins is documented in ancient China, where


title: "Johnson Family Vacation" content: support her career as a CPA since she is going back to school. Nate takes delivery on an expensive new SUV, persuades his recently separated wife Dorothy to tag along, and packs up his three kids — nubile teenager Nikki, under age wannabe rapper D.J., and precocious five year old Destiny — for what he imagines will be a leisurely drive from Los Angeles to Missouri. Between his wary wife, arguing kids, angry police officers, a bizarre hitchhiker, bad diner food, and a run in with a cement mixer, the journey proves more difficult than Nate anticipated. "Johnson Family Vacation"


title: "Queen Mary University of London" content: former University of London Union, located a 15-minute tube ride away in Bloomsbury. QM and BL sports clubs compete every year in the Merger Cup where many of the sports teams compete against each other. QM claimed the cup in 2010 but lost it in the following year to BL (2011). In 2012, QM claimed a narrow victory over BL, being helped with all five football teams defeating their medical school counterparts. Sporting fixtures include badminton, basketball, football, hockey, netball, rugby, squash, swimming, tennis and rowing. Many QMUL students are accommodated in the college's own halls of residence or other


title: "Motor unit" content: Motor unit A motor unit is made up of a motor neuron and the skeletal muscle fibers innervated by that motor neuron's axonal terminals. Groups of motor units often work together to coordinate the contractions of a single muscle; all of the motor units within a muscle are considered a motor pool. The concept was proposed by Charles Scott Sherrington. All muscle fibres in a motor unit are of the same fibre type. When a motor unit is activated, all of its fibres contract. In vertebrates, the force of a muscle contraction is controlled by the number of activated motor


title: Langkawi content: to flee. Before the Siamese invasion, there was an estimated island population of 3–5000, and only a small proportion was left after the invasion. The island was recaptured from Siamese rule in a campaign against the Siamese in 1837. In 1840–1841, the Sultan of Kedah, who went into exile after the Siamese attacks, was allowed to return by the Siamese, and the population of Langkawi islands recovered afterwards mainly due to settlement of immigrants from Sumatra. However, the "Orang Laut" who fled after the Siamese attacks did not returned. In 1909, the islands came under British rule under the Anglo-Siamese


title: "Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin" content: dolphin, has a proportionately longer rostrum, and has spots on its belly and lower sides. It also has more teeth than the common bottlenose dolphin — 23 to 29 teeth on each side of each jaw compared to 21 to 24 for the common bottlenose dolphin. Some evidence shows the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin may actually be more closely related to certain dolphin species in the genera "Stenella" and "Delphinus", especially the Atlantic spotted dolphin ("S. frontalis"), than it is to the common bottlenose dolphin. Much of the old scientific data in the field combine data about the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin


title: "Storm chasing" content: no time to eat or relieve oneself and finding fuel can cause frustrating delays and detours. Navigating obstacles such as rivers and areas with inadequate road networks is a paramount concern. Only a handful of chasers decide to chase Dixie Alley, an area of the Southern United States in which trees and road networks heavily obscure the often large tornadoes. The combination of driving and waiting has been likened to "extreme sitting". A "bust" occurs when storms do not fire, sometimes referred to as "severe clear", when storms fire but are missed, when storms fire but are meager, or when


title: "Mitt Romney" content: touted his private sector experience as qualifying him for addressing the state's fiscal problems and stressed his ability to obtain federal funds for the state, offering his Olympics record as evidence. He proposed to reorganize the state government while eliminating waste, fraud, and mismanagement. The campaign innovatively utilized microtargeting techniques, identifying like-minded groups of voters and reaching them with narrowly tailored messaging. In an attempt to overcome the image that had damaged him in the 1994 Senate race – that of a wealthy corporate buyout specialist out of touch with the needs of regular people – the campaign staged a


title: "Talk Soup" content: until December 18, 2015. One remnant from "Talk Soup" that carried over to "The Soup" is the "Chat Stew" segment which shows clips from various talk shows and funny comments. The segment is introduced with a CGI crock pot filled with talk show logos and host heads, while a woman (announcer Kelly Andrews) voices about the "stew" being ""so meaty!"" On an episode of "The Soup" in January 2009, John Henson, a former host of "Talk Soup", appeared as a guest star to promote his show, "Wipeout". Aisha Tyler has also appeared on "The Soup", claiming she wanted to "see


title: "Barbary dove" content: Barbary dove The Barbary dove, ringed turtle dove, ringneck dove, ring-necked turtle dove, or ring dove ("Streptopelia risoria") is a domestic member of the dove family (Columbidae). Although the Barbary dove is normally assigned its own systematic name, as "Streptopelia risoria", considerable doubt exists as to its appropriate classification. Some sources confidently assert that it is a domestic form of the Eurasian collared dove, "S. decaocto", but the majority of evidence points to it being a domesticated form of the African collared dove, "S. roseogrisea". It appears that it can hybridise freely with either species, and its status as a


title: "Barbary dove" content: This class of muscles is usually found in high speed tissue such as a rattlesnake's tail. Barbary doves are the first bird species to have been found to have this class of muscle. Feral populations of Barbary doves establish themselves readily as a result of escapes or releases from captivity, but they will merge with local populations of Eurasian collared doves if they exist. Barbary dove The Barbary dove, ringed turtle dove, ringneck dove, ring-necked turtle dove, or ring dove ("Streptopelia risoria") is a domestic member of the dove family (Columbidae). Although the Barbary dove is normally assigned its own


title: "Small and medium-sized enterprises" content: long tradition in [West] Germany, dating back into the 19th century. Until the mid-20th century most researchers considered SME as an impediment to further economic development and SME policies were thus designed in the framework of social policies. Only the Ordoliberalism school, the founding fathers of Germany's social market economy, discovered their strengths, considered SME as a solution to mid-20th century economic problems (mass unemployment, abuse of economic power), and laid the foundations for non-selective (functional) industrial policies to promote SMEs." The SME sector in Poland generates almost 50% of the GDP, and out of that, for instance, in 2011,


title: "Carolina anole" content: Carolina anole The Carolina anole ("Anolis carolinensis") () is an arboreal anole lizard native to the southeastern United States (west to Texas) and introduced elsewhere. Other common names include the American green anole, American anole, and red-throated anole. It is also sometimes referred to as the American chameleon due to its ability to change color from several brown hues to bright green, and its somewhat similar appearance and diet preferences. However it is not a true chameleon and the nickname is misleading although it can camoflauge. The Carolina anole is a small to medium-sized lizard, with a slender body. The


title: "Carolina anole" content: may not adapt readily to cage life. Care must be taken to ensure the animals receive the support they need to adapt to captivity and live full and enriching lives; choosing an adequately-sized enclosure as well as the appropriate plants and substrate material goes a long way in this regard. Green anoles can live in a 20-gallon or larger terrarium, with numerous plants lining the back and sides of the cage. Leave an open area in the front center as an arena in which feeder insects, appropriately fortified with calcium supplements, can be dropped in clear view of the lizards.


title: "Suspension (vehicle)" content: as in an independent suspension but the position of one wheel has an effect on the position and attitude of the other wheel. This effect is achieved via the twisting or deflecting of suspension parts under load. The most common type of semi-independent suspension is the twist beam. Tilting Suspension System (Also known as Leaning Suspension System) is not actually a different type or different geometry of construction, moreover it is a technology addition to the conventional suspension system. This kind of suspension system mainly consist of independent suspension (e.g., MacPherson strut, A-arm (double wishbone)). With addition with these suspension


title: "Chameli (film)" content: driving, his car breaks down on a flooded road and his cell phone battery dies. He takes refuge in an alleyway where he meets Chameli (Kareena Kapoor), a street-smart prostitute. Chameli offers Aman a match for his cigarette, and he is initially repulsed by her after she propositions him. Aman's presence scares off a potential customer, and he offers to pay for her missed wages, which Chameli declines. Soon, two police officers arrive, looking for their bribe. They begin to manhandle Chameli, which aggravates Aman, who is then intimidated by the officers. Chameli diffuses the situation, and Aman's attitude towards


title: E-ZPass content: means 275 cases of low birth weight may have been avoided. Civil liberties and privacy rights advocates have expressed concern about how the position data gathered through E‑ZPass is used. , several states that employ E‑ZPass had provided electronic toll information in response to court orders in civil cases, including divorces and other non-criminal matters. Position data is collected by antennas at locations in addition to fee collection locations. The New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT), for example, collect transponder information to provide real-time estimates of travel times between common destinations. By subtracting the time when vehicles pass under


title: "Nissan Navara" content: Altima (L30), and Maxima (A32.5). Design of an updated D22 was eventually given to NDI in 1998. In North America, it was built in Tennessee from 1997 to 2000 as the Nissan Frontier. Versions: Single cab, King Cab, Crew Cab (Introduced in 1999). Engines: Petrol (KA24DE) and Diesel (TD27) (2wd and 4wd) with 5 speed manual transmission. These models were also exported to Central and South America. US production in Tennessee started in 1997 with a Single cab and a King cab. A four-door version of the D22 was designed and developed during 1997–1998, being first produced in April 1999


title: "Nissan Navara" content: and launched in May 1999 in the US as the 2000 Frontier Crew Cab. In 1999, a special edition was offered. Nissan called it the Desert Runner. It had a king cab base but on the 4X4 frame which gave it a boost in ride height, bigger tires and a 4- or 5-speed 2WD drivetrain. For 2001 the Desert Runner got a new look and a supercharged version of the V6 engine. In 2005 the V6 VQ40DE was added. Standard on all Crew Cabs through current 2018. In February 2000 at the Chicago Auto Show, Nissan introduced a facelifted D22


title: "Nissan Navara" content: Frontier for 2001, with bolder styling in an effort to make it more appealing to younger buyers in its second generation. The D22 Frontier was completely redone after the 2004 model year, which later resulted in the discontinuation of the regular cab model. Sales and production started in North America, with Crew Cab and King Cab versions and new grille, bumper, headlights, taillights. Other body changes included built in fender flares and tailgates. The D22s badged as "Frontier" had different grille facelift in contrast to the D22s badged as "Navara". The D22 was no longer sold in Japan after 2002.


title: "40–40 club" content: 40–40 club In Major League Baseball (MLB), the 40–40 club is the group of batters who have collected 40 home runs and 40 stolen bases in a single season. Jose Canseco was the first to achieve this, doing so in 1988 after having predicted the feat in April of that year. The most recent player to reach the milestone is Alfonso Soriano, achieving the feat during the 2006 season. In total, only four players have reached the 40–40 club in MLB history and none have done so more than once. Of these, three were right-handed batters and one was left-handed.


title: "40–40 club" content: Two players—Barry Bonds and Alex Rodriguez—are also members of the 500 home run club. Jose Canseco is the only player to have won the MVP Award in the same year of his 40–40 season; he's also the only one to lead his club to the postseason making it to the World Series. Alfonso Soriano collected 41 doubles alongside achieving 40–40. Rodriguez is the only non-outfielder to attain 40–40. All four 40-40 club members had at least 400 career home runs and 200 stolen bases. Becoming a member of the 40–40 club is an elusive achievement in modern American baseball, as


title: "40–40 club" content: players who possess the power to hit 40 home runs and the speed to steal 40 bases in a season are rare. Generally a player with the strength to hit 40 home runs will not have nearly the speed necessary to steal 40 bases, and vice versa. This remains true even as statistical trends change in baseball — stolen base totals in the 1980s were unusually high, but very few players reached 40 home runs; home run totals were extremely high in the late 1990s, but stolen bases became more rare as the steal was a sparingly used tactic. Bonds


title: "40–40 club" content: achieved the feat when his body was lean and quick, before his body grew thicker. Due to the modernity of the 40–40 club, as well as the links to the use of performance-enhancing drugs by Bonds, Canseco and Rodriguez, no eligible club members have been elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame. Eligibility requires that a player has "been retired five seasons" or deceased for at least six months, disqualifying active players. With Rodriguez's retirement in 2016, there are no active players that have achieved a 40-40 season. Bonds remains on the Hall of Fame Ballot, and Soriano will be


title: "40–40 club" content: eligible for the Hall of Fame in 2020. Bonds and Canseco were both implicated in the December 2007 Mitchell Report, while Rodriguez admitted in 2009 to using steroids. Soriano is also the only player to achieve the feat while playing at home. After stealing a base in an October 2, 2015 game for the NC Dinos, first baseman Eric Thames became the first player to join the Korea Baseball Organization's 40–40 club. The first player to approach the mark was Ken Williams in 1922, with 39 home runs and 37 stolen bases, thus making him the first player to reach


title: "40–40 club" content: the 30–30 club. It would take another 30 years for another player to come close to 40–40, as Willie Mays did in 1956 with 36 home runs and 40 stolen bases. Bobby Bonds hit his 38th home run of the season on September 9, 1973, but came up one home run shy of becoming the founding member of the club after hitting just one home run in the Giants' final 21 games. When Canseco predicted he would reach 40–40 in 1988, he mistakenly assumed "five or six players must have done it." After Canseco became the first member of the


title: "40–40 club" content: club, Hall of Famer Mickey Mantle was quoted as saying, "Hell, If I'd known 40–40 was going to be a big deal, I'd have done it every year!" Mantle's career best for stolen bases in a single season was 21. In 2002, both Vladimir Guerrero of the Montreal Expos and Alfonso Soriano of the New York Yankees were only one home run short of reaching 40–40 after achieving 39, with 40 stolen bases. In 2004, Carlos Beltrán was two home runs shy as he hit 38 and collected 43 steals, splitting the season between the Kansas City Royals and Houston


title: "40–40 club" content: Astros. In 2011, Matt Kemp came up one home run shy, as he hit 39 and stole 40 bases. General Specific 40–40 club In Major League Baseball (MLB), the 40–40 club is the group of batters who have collected 40 home runs and 40 stolen bases in a single season. Jose Canseco was the first to achieve this, doing so in 1988 after having predicted the feat in April of that year. The most recent player to reach the milestone is Alfonso Soriano, achieving the feat during the 2006 season. In total, only four players have reached the 40–40 club


title: "Ford Five Hundred" content: Five Hundred, including a modified version of Side Impact Protection System (SIPS) from Volvo, channeling impact forces around the passenger compartment; the front frame rails were redesigned to better absorb impact forces. Alongside standard dual front airbags, the Five Hundred was available with both side airbags and curtain airbags as an option. For the first time in a full-size Ford sedan, the Ford Five Hundred featured independent suspension for both front and rear axles, with MacPherson strut front suspension and a multi-link rear axle with coilover shocks; both axles were fitted with stabilizer bars. As with the Ford Crown Victoria,


title: "Ford Five Hundred" content: H-point (hip point). As with the first-generation Ford Focus, the seats of the Five Hundred were positioned relatively high from the floor, providing an upright seating position and improved visibility, access, and egress. In addition, the rear seat was positioned higher than the front seats. The Ford Five Hundred was the first full-size Ford sedan to feature a folding rear seat to supplement the 21 cubic foot trunk (larger than the Lincoln Town Car). With the option of a folding front passenger seat, a Five Hundred was able to carry objects up to ten feet long inside the vehicle. While


title: "Pontiac G6" content: as a promotion. One couple had to sell their G6s because they learned of tax implications that came with owning the car, while another kept hers even though her two friends who came with her to the taping no longer have theirs (one was sold, another was totaled in an accident) and hopes to give the G6 to her daughter in time for college, saying "I'm hoping to drive it until we can't drive it any more." The G6 was used in the GT class of Rolex Sports Car Series as a replacement for the Pontiac GTO.R after the GTO


title: "Pistol Opera" content: other times they share mutual disregard. Uekyo gives Stray Cat the news that the number one ranked killer, the mysterious "Hundred Eyes" is now a target, and Stray Cat is offered the job. Through the course of film Stray Cat finds herself entangled with many characters, particularly a young girl named Sayoko who wishes to become an assassin herself. The Teacher - A wheelchair-using, tracksuit-wearing killer who failed at assassinating a well known-target, due to Stray Cat's involvement. Painless Surgeon rank #5 - A bearded possibly middle-aged foreigner with a liking for Japanese women and Japanese theatre, who feels no


title: Tsukihime content: and SHIKI. However, he still could not have Shiki with him, and had him sent to the Arima family, from where he returned 8 years later, at the beginning of the game. It is revealed that Arcueid is a royalty amongst vampires. She was created by the True Ancestors as a weapon and had never experienced joy and life as a normal person until she met Shiki. Shiki and Arcueid fall in love and depending on the ending, are united together or are separated. In the Ciel route, Shiki is much more fearful of and cautious around Arcueid. Instead he


title: "Domino Recording Company" content: Domino Recording Company Domino Recording Company (or simply as Domino) is a British independent record label based in London. There is also a wing of the label based in Brooklyn, New York that handles releases in the United States, as well as a German division called Domino Deutschland and a French division called Domino France. In addition, Stephen Pastel presides over the subsidiary label Geographic Music, which releases more 'unusual' music from Britain and outside of the Western world. In 2011, the company announced that it was beginning a book publishing division, The Domino Press. Founded in 1993, by Laurence


title: "Domino Recording Company" content: UK #1 single with Arctic Monkeys' "I Bet You Look Good on the Dancefloor" later that same month. As well as new music, Domino have released produced compilations by British post-punk bands such as Orange Juice, Josef K, Fire Engines and Young Marble Giants. Domino Recording Company Domino Recording Company (or simply as Domino) is a British independent record label based in London. There is also a wing of the label based in Brooklyn, New York that handles releases in the United States, as well as a German division called Domino Deutschland and a French division called Domino France. In


title: Ponytail content: Ponytail A ponytail is a hairstyle in which some, most or all of the hair on the head is pulled away from the face, gathered and secured at the back of the head with a hair tie, clip, or other similar device and allowed to hang freely from that point. It gets its name from its resemblance to the tail of a pony (hence the name). Ponytails are most commonly gathered at the middle of the back of the head, or the base of the neck. Depending on fashions, they may also be worn at the side of the head


title: Ponytail content: (which is sometimes considered formal) which is worn over one ear, or on the very top of the head (allowing the hair to fall down the back or one side of the head). If the hair is divided so that it hangs in two sections they are called "ponytails" or pigtails (or "bunches"), if left loose, and pigtails, plaits or braids if plaited. Unbraided ponytails worn above each ear are sometimes called "dog-ears". Women (as opposed to girls) complying with European fashion of the Georgian period and to the 20th century rarely were seen outside of the boudoir with their


title: Ponytail content: hair in such an informal style as a ponytail. Today, both women and girls commonly wear their hair in ponytails in informal and office settings or when exercising; they are likely to choose more elaborate styles (such as braids and those involving accessories) for formal occasions. It is a practical choice as it keeps hair out of the eyes. It will keep the hair off the neck as well. The ponytail is also popular with school-aged girls, partly because flowing hair is often associated with youth and because of its simplicity; a young girl is likely to be able to


title: Ponytail content: retie her own hair after a sports class, for example. A ponytail can also be a fashion statement; sometimes meaning sporty, other times a low pony tail sends signals of a chic personality. In Europe in the second half of the 18th century, most men wore their hair long and tied back with a ribbon into what we would now describe as a ponytail, although it was sometimes gathered into a silk bag rather than allowed to hang freely. At that time, it was commonly known by the French word for "tail", "queue". It continued as the mandatory hairstyle for


title: Ponytail content: men in all European armies until the early 19th century, after most civilians had stopped wearing queues. The British Army was the first to dispense with it, and by the end of the Napoleonic Wars most armies had changed their regulations to make short hair compulsory. In Asia, the queue was a specifically male hairstyle worn by the Manchu people from central Manchuria, and later imposed on the Han Chinese during the Qing dynasty. From 1645 until 1910 Chinese men wore this waist-length pigtail. In the 1970s, many men wore their hair long and in ponytails. This look was popularized


title: Ponytail content: by 1970s-era rock musicians. In the late 1980s, a short ponytail was seen as an impudent, edgy look for men who wanted to individualize, but keep their hair flat and functional (see mullet). Steven Seagal's ponytail in "Marked for Death" is an example. Men who wear their hair long, or sometimes in mullets, frequently tie it back into a ponytail, but avoid the top- or side-of-the-head variants, although these variants can be used for practical reasons for keeping it off the neck. The first equation of state for hair was developed by C. F. van Wyk in 1946. Scientists in


title: Ponytail content: the UK have formulated a mathematical model that predicts the shape of a ponytail given the length and random curvature (or curliness) of a sample of individual hairs. The Ponytail Shape Equation provides an understanding of how a ponytail is swelled by the outward pressure which arises from interactions between the component hairs. The researchers developed a general continuum theory for a bundle of hairs, treating each hair as an elastic filament with random intrinsic curvature. From this they created a differential equation for the shape of the bundle relating the elasticity, gravity, and orientational disorder and extracted a simple


title: Ponytail content: equation of state to relate the swelling pressure to the measured random curvatures of individual hairs. The equation itself is a fourth order non linear differential equation. The Rapunzel number is a ratio used in this equation to calculate the effects of gravity on hair relative to its length. This number determines whether a ponytail looks like a fan or whether it arcs over and becomes nearly vertical at the bottom. A short ponytail of springy hair with a low Rapunzel number, fans outward. A long ponytail with a high Rapunzel number, hangs down, as the pull of gravity overwhelms


title: Ponytail content: the springiness. It is now also known why jogger's ponytails swing side to side. An up and down motion is too unstable: a ponytail cannot sway forward and backward because the jogger's head is in the way. Any slight jostling causes the up and down movement to become a side to side sway. The research on the shape of the ponytail won the authors the Ig Nobel for Physics in 2012. The ponytail equation is where In these equations "l" is the length at which gravity bends the hair where "g" is the acceleration due to gravity, "A" is the


title: Ponytail content: bending modulus and "λ" is the density of the hair. "A" is defined to be "E" is a constant equal to 4 gigaPascal and "d" is the average diameter of the hair. "L" is the length of the switch of hair in the ponytail, "R" is the ponytail radius, "s" is the arc length from the clamp on the ponytail, "P" is the pressure due to the clamp and "ρ" is the hair density where "N" is the number of hairs in the ponytail. "R" is the partial derivative of "R" with respect to "s". The Rapunzel number (Ra) is


title: "United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982" content: was performed by family group 'The Weltons' who were the only act taking part in the 1982 final that had any prior performing or recording experience, having released several singles, including "Down At Shorty's Place", "Hang 10, Hang10" and "Sweet Rock 'n' Roller", although none of them had reached the UK singles chart, but they had been promoted on German television and radio. The quartet 'Good Looks' featured Lewis and Lavinia Rodgers, the brother and sister of former UK Eurovision entrant Clodagh Rodgers. Although formed for the competition to sing Dave Mindel's "Every Day of My Life", the group stayed


title: "Super video graphics array" content: uses a VGA connector, the same DE-15 (a.k.a. HD-15) as the original standard. See also Digital Visual Interface which is a common non-analog cable for SVGA and other resolutions. Some of the early SuperVGA manufacturers (in parentheses, some of their models, where available) were: SVGA effectively supported resolutions like 1280x800 and higher Super video graphics array Super Video Graphics Array or Ultra Video Graphics Array, almost always abbreviated to Super VGA, Ultra VGA or just SVGA or UVGA is a broad term that covers a wide range of computer display standards. Originally, it was an extension to the VGA standard


title: Artisan content: Artisan An artisan (from , ) is a skilled craft worker who makes or creates things by hand that may be functional or strictly decorative, for example furniture, decorative arts, sculptures, clothing, jewellery, food items, household items and tools or even mechanisms such as the handmade clockwork movement of a watchmaker. Artisans practice a craft and may through experience and aptitude reach the expressive levels of an artist. The adjective "artisanal" is sometimes used in describing hand-processing in what is usually viewed as an industrial process, such as in the phrase "artisanal mining". Thus, "artisanal" is sometimes used in marketing


title: Artisan content: and advertising as a buzz word to describe or imply some relation with the crafting of handmade food products, such as bread, beverages or cheese. Many of these have traditionally been handmade, rural or pastoral goods but are also now commonly made on a larger scale with automated mechanization in factories and other industrial areas. Artisans were the dominant producers of consumer products before the Industrial Revolution. In ancient Greece, artisans were drawn to agoras and often built workshops nearby. During the Middle Ages, the term "artisan" was applied to those who made things or provided services. It did not


title: Artisan content: apply to unskilled manual labourers. Artisans were divided into two distinct groups: those who operated their own businesses and those who did not. Those who owned their businesses were called masters, while the latter were the journeymen and apprentices. One misunderstanding many people have about this social group is that they picture them as "workers" in the modern sense: employed by someone. The most influential group among the artisans were the masters, the business owners. The owners enjoyed a higher social status in their communities. Shokunin is a Japanese word for "artisan" or "craftsman", which also implies a pride in


title: Artisan content: one's own work. In the words of shokunin Tashio Odate:Shokunin means not only having technical skill, but also implies an attitude and social consciousness... a social obligation to work his best for the general welfare of the people, [an] obligation both material and spiritual. Traditionally, shokunin honoured their tools of trade at New Year's – the sharpened and taken-care of tools would be placed in a tokonoma (a container or box still found in Japanese houses and shops), and two rice cakes and a tangerine (on top of rice paper) were placed on top of each toolbox, to honour the


title: Artisan content: tools and express gratitude for performing their task. Artian .com /Prezzy Artisan An artisan (from , ) is a skilled craft worker who makes or creates things by hand that may be functional or strictly decorative, for example furniture, decorative arts, sculptures, clothing, jewellery, food items, household items and tools or even mechanisms such as the handmade clockwork movement of a watchmaker. Artisans practice a craft and may through experience and aptitude reach the expressive levels of an artist. The adjective "artisanal" is sometimes used in describing hand-processing in what is usually viewed as an industrial process, such as in


title: Carbonara content: Carbonara Carbonara () is an Italian pasta dish from Rome made with egg, hard cheese, guanciale (or pancetta), and pepper. The recipe is not fixed by a specific type of hard cheese or pasta. The cheese is usually Pecorino Romano. Spaghetti is the usual pasta, however, fettuccine, rigatoni, linguine, or bucatini are also used. Either guanciale or pancetta can be used. Another common substitute outside Italy is lardons of smoked bacon. The dish was created in the middle of the 20th century. The pasta is cooked in moderately-salted boiling water. The guanciale is briefly fried on the pan without the


title: Carbonara content: a shape that has a sufficiently large ratio of surface area to volume, such as spaghetti, linguine or fettuccine. Guanciale is the most commonly used meat for the dish in Italy, but pancetta is also used and in English speaking countries bacon is often used as a substitute. The usual cheese is Pecorino Romano, or occasionally Parmesan. Recipes differ in the use of egg: some use the whole egg, others only the yolk, some a mixture. Cream is not used in most Italian recipes, though there are exceptions; but it is often used elsewhere. Garlic is similarly found mostly outside


title: Carbonara content: by troops from the United States. It was included in Elizabeth David's "Italian Food", an English-language cookbook published in Great Britain in 1954. Carbonara Carbonara () is an Italian pasta dish from Rome made with egg, hard cheese, guanciale (or pancetta), and pepper. The recipe is not fixed by a specific type of hard cheese or pasta. The cheese is usually Pecorino Romano. Spaghetti is the usual pasta, however, fettuccine, rigatoni, linguine, or bucatini are also used. Either guanciale or pancetta can be used. Another common substitute outside Italy is lardons of smoked bacon. The dish was created in the


title: "Laser turntable" content: the firm, selling the patents to Japanese turntable maker BSR, which became CTI Japan, which in turn created ELP Japan for continued development of the "super-audiophile" turntable. After eight more years of development the laser turntable was finally put on sale in 1997 – twenty years after the initial proposal – as the ELP LT-1XA Laser Turntable, with a list price of US$20,500 (in 2003 the price was lowered to US$10,500). The turntable, which uses two lasers to read the groove and three more to position the head, does allow one to vary the depth at which the groove is


title: "Dead Rabbits" content: "Like wild dogs they did fight, this Fourth of July night," "Of course they laid their plans accordin';" "Some were wounded and some killed, and lots of blood spill'd," "In the fight on the other side of Jordan." "Chorus" "The new Police did join the Bowery boys in line," "With orders strict and right accordin;" "Bullets, clubs and bricks did fly, and many groan and die," "Hard road to travel over Jordan." "Chorus" "When the new police did interfere, this made the Rabbits sneer," "And very much enraged them accordin';" "With bricks they did go in, determined for to win,"


title: "Dead Rabbits" content: "And drive them on the other side of Jordan." "Chorus" "Upon the following day they had another fray," "The Black Birds and Dead Rabbits accordin;" "The soldiers were call'd out, to quell the mighty riot," "And drove them on the other side of Jordan." The Dead Rabbit Riot was featured in the "History Channel" documentary television series "History's Mysteries" in 1998. The story of the New York Dead Rabbits is told, in highly fictionalized form, in Martin Scorsese's 2002 film "Gangs of New York", which was partially inspired by Herbert Asbury's book "Gangs of New York". In the 2014 film,


title: "Bristol Cathedral" content: Bristol Cathedral Chamber Choir was reformed in 2001 and is directed by assistant organist Paul Walton. Bristol Cathedral was used as a location in the 1978 film "The Medusa Touch" under the guise of a fictional London place of worship called Minster Cathedral. Bristol is also home to a Roman Catholic cathedral, Clifton Cathedral. The Church of England parish church of St. Mary Redcliffe is so grand as to be occasionally mistaken for a cathedral by visitors. Bristol Cathedral Bristol Cathedral, formally the Cathedral Church of the Holy and Undivided Trinity, is the Church of England cathedral in the city


title: "Radar gun" content: of less than several feet limits directionality, which can only partly be compensated for by increasing the frequency of the wave. Size limitations can cause hand-held and mobile radar devices to produce measurements from multiple objects within the field of view of the user. The antenna on some of the most common hand-held devices is only in diameter. The beam of energy produced by an antenna of this size using X-band frequencies occupies a cone that extends about 22 degrees surrounding the line of sight, 44 degrees in total width. This beam is called the main lobe. There is also


title: "Photometry (optics)" content: such, they are very inefficient, because most of the radiant energy they emit is invisible infrared. A compact fluorescent lamp can provide light comparable to a 60 watt incandescent while consuming as little as 15 watts of electricity. The lumen is the photometric unit of light output. Although most consumers still think of light in terms of power consumed by the bulb, in the U.S. it has been a trade requirement for several decades that light bulb packaging give the output in lumens. The package of a 60 watt incandescent bulb indicates that it provides about 900 lumens, as does


title: Hoof content: However, the marsupial "Chaeropus" had hooves. The hoof surrounds the distal end of the second phalanx, the distal phalanx, and the navicular bone. The hoof consists of the hoof wall, the bars of the hoof, the sole and frog and soft tissue shock absorption structures. The weight of the animal is normally borne by both the sole and the edge of the hoof wall. Hooves perform many functions, including supporting the weight of the animal, dissipating the energy impact as the hooves strike the ground or surface, protecting the tissues and bone within the hoof capsule, and providing traction for


title: Hoof content: the animal. Numerous factors can affect hoof structure and health, including genetics, hoof conformation, environmental influences, and athletic performance of the animal. The ideal hoof has a parallel hoof-pastern axis, a thick hoof wall, adequate sole depth, a solid heel base and growth rings of equal size under the coronary band. There are four layers within the exterior wall of the hoof. From the outside, a hoof is made up of the stratum externum, the stratum medium, the stratum internum and the dermis parietis. The stratum externum and the stratum medium are difficult to distinguish, the stratum externum is thin


title: "Nationalist People's Coalition" content: Ferdinand Marcos, to run as President and Senator Joseph Estrada as Vice President. Cojuangco lost the presidential race, finishing third while Estrada taking away the Vice Presidency by landslide. NPC was a member of the Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino (LAMMP), the political vehicle of then Vice President Joseph Estrada in the 1998 presidential elections. NPC left the now-defunct LAMMP after Estrada was removed from power in January 2001. When Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo assumed the Presidency, her People Power Coalition, led by the Lakas-CMD party, became the dominant group in Congress. The 75-member Lakas party led the "Sunshine Coalition," which also


title: "Nikon D70" content: instead of ), though still having 130,000 pixels. The D70s also comes with the newer EN-EL3a battery with slightly higher capacity. While the battery performance is increased, the new version of the D70 lacks the previously included MS-D70 battery holder, which allowed users to mount three CR2 batteries in the camera in case of a dead battery (notably the adapter is not compatible with CR123 batteries). The camera is also equipped with a terminal for a proprietary remote release cable (MC-DC1). In addition, the D70s features an increased 18 mm angle of coverage from its built-in flash; the flash on


title: Teignmouth content: sugar, coffee and cotton was offered for sale at "Rendle's Great Sale Room" in the town. Teignmouth people fitted out two privateers: "Dragon" with 16 guns and 70 men; and "Bellona", described as carrying "16 guns, 4 cohorns and 8 swivels". "Bellona" set sail on her first voyage in September 1779, and was "oversett in a violent Gust of Wind" off Dawlish with the loss of 25 crew members. The Newfoundland fisheries continued to provide the main employment into the early 19th century (e.g. Job Brothers & Co., Limited) and, fortuitously for the town, as the fisheries declined the prospect


title: "Wabash and Erie Canal" content: Wabash and Erie Canal The Wabash and Erie Canal was a shipping canal that linked the Great Lakes to the Ohio River via an artificial waterway. The canal provided traders with access from the Great Lakes all the way to the Gulf of Mexico. Over 460 miles long, it was the longest canal ever built in North America. The canal known as the Wabash & Erie in the 1850s and thereafter, was actually a combination of four canals: the Miami and Erie Canal from the Maumee River near Toledo, Ohio to Junction, Ohio, the original Wabash and Erie Canal from


title: "Sister Machine Gun" content: Chris Smits on guitar. The band then began work on the album "Burn". Guitarist Geno Lenardo (of Filter) joined in the studio. "Burn" was released in 1995. The title track became one of the band's most recognizable songs, as it later appeared on the "Mortal Kombat" soundtrack. The tour line-up at this time consisted of Chris Randall, bassist Richard Deacon, and drummer Kevin Temple (formerly of Die Warzau and later Apartment 26). This line up remained mostly consistent throughout the touring for "Burn" and "Metropolis", with guitarists Pat Sprawl and Brian Sarche joining at various times. The final Sister Machine


title: "V (TV network)" content: to Télé Inter-Cité Québec Ltée. to operate TV stations in Montreal and in Quebec City. However nothing came of this project. On November 15, 1984, the CRTC launched another call for applications. In 1985, it held public hearings in Montreal to examine competing applications from partners Cogeco Inc. (60.3%) and Moffat Communications (39.7%), and another application by the Pouliot family, owners of Montreal's CTV affiliate, CFCF-TV and radio stations CFCF (later CINW, now defunct) and CFQR-FM (now CKBE-FM). Both applications applied to launch television stations in Montreal and Quebec City. On September 6 of that year, the CRTC approved the


title: "Australian Mounted Division" content: Australian Mounted Division The Australian Mounted Division originally formed as the Imperial Mounted Division in January 1917, was a mounted infantry, light horse and yeomanry division. The division was formed in Egypt, and along with the Anzac Mounted Division formed part of Desert Column, Egyptian Expeditionary Force in World War I. The division was originally made up of the Australian 3rd Light Horse Brigade, (formerly Anzac Mounted Division) the reconstituted 4th Light Horse Brigade, and two British yeomanry brigades; the 5th Mounted Brigade and 6th Mounted Brigade. The Imperial Mounted Division was formed in Egypt in 1917 by bringing together


title: "Newport Tower (Rhode Island)" content: 1776 marks it as "Stone Wind Mill." During the American Revolution, the tower was used by the Americans as a lookout and by the British to store munitions. The tower is located at the upper end of the plot behind the now-demolished mansion built by Benedict Arnold, the first colonial governor of Rhode Island, who moved from Pawtuxet to Newport in 1651. In 1677, Arnold mentions "my stone built Wind Mill" in his will; the site for his burying ground is between this mill and his mansion and still exists today. The phrase has therefore generally been accepted as referring


title: "Bose Corporation" content: "CE Pro" magazine. In July 2014, Bose sued Beats Electronics for patent infringement, alleging that its "Studio" headphones line incorporated Bose noise cancellation technology. Bose and Apple had collaborated on the SoundDock for iPod music players in 2004, then in May 2014 Beats was bought by Apple, bringing Bose and Apple into direct competition in the headphones market. Bose headphones were once the foremost brand offered in Apple stores, but Beats headphones outnumbered Bose headphones in Apple stores at the time of the lawsuit, and Beats had captured 62% of the premium headphones market while Bose held 22%. In October


title: "Carnival Corporation & plc" content: Carnival Corporation & plc Carnival Corporation & plc is a British-American cruise operator, currently the world's largest travel leisure company, with a combined fleet of over 100 vessels across 10 cruise line brands. A dual listed company, Carnival is composed of two companies, Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc, which function as one entity. Carnival Corporation is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and Carnival plc is listed on the London Stock Exchange. As such, Carnival is the only company in the world to be listed on both the S&P 500 and FTSE 100 indices. Carnival Corporation was founded as


title: "Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!" content: Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me! Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me! is an hour-long weekly news-based radio panel show produced by WBEZ and National Public Radio (NPR) in Chicago, Illinois. It is distributed by NPR in the United States, internationally on NPR Worldwide and on the Internet via podcast, and typically broadcast on weekends by member stations. The show averages about 6 million weekly listeners on air and via podcast. "Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!" is recorded in front of a live audience in Chicago at the Chase Auditorium beneath the Chase Tower on Thursday nights. Until May 2005, the show


title: "Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!" content: Bodett. Celebrity guest Steve Martin won in the "Not My Job" segment. Al Franken's former talk radio show, "The Al Franken Show", contained a segment called "Wait Wait... Don't Lie to Me!", where contestants had to determine if a soundbite played was truth, lie, or "weasel" (technically true, but designed to deceive). The podcast "Welcome to Night Vale" fictional community radio station alludes to a show following Cecil's news broadcast titled "Wait, Wait, Don't! No, Don't! Please, Don't!" In April 2008, "Wait Wait" won a Peabody Award. The program website was nominated for a Webby Award for Humor in 2008.


title: "Chicken tikka masala" content: old and must be an accidental discovery which has had periodical improvisations". In 2001, British Foreign Secretary Robin Cook mentioned the dish in a speech acclaiming the benefits of Britain's multiculturalism, declaring: Chicken tikka masala is served in restaurants around the world, including Indian restaurants in Britain and North America. According to a 2012 survey of 2,000 people in Britain, it is the country's second-most popular foreign dish to cook, after Chinese stir fry. It was previously Britain's most popular foreign dish to cook, up until it was overtaken by stir-fry in 2012. Chicken tikka masala Chicken tikka masala is


title: Naan content: Naan Naan is a leavened, oven-baked flatbread found in the cuisines mainly of West Asia, Central Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Indian subcontinent. "Naan" (نان) is Persian and means "bread". The earliest appearance of "naan" in English is from 1803 in a travelogue of William Tooke. The Persian word "nān" 'bread' is attested in Middle Persian as "n'n" 'bread, food', which is of Iranian origin, and is a cognate with Parthian "ngn", Kurdish "nan", Balochi "nagan", Sogdian "nγn-", and Pashto "nəγan" 'bread'. The form "naan" has a widespread distribution, having been borrowed in a range of languages spoken in Central


title: Naan content: Asia and the Indian subcontinent, where it usually refers to a kind of flatbread. The spelling "naan" is first attested in 1979, and has since become the normal English spelling. Naan as known today originates from Greater Iran and Central Asia. The most familiar and readily available varieties of naan in Western countries are the varieties from the Indian subcontinent. In Iran, from which the word originated, "nān" (نان) does not carry any special significance, as it is merely the generic word for any kind of bread, as well as in other West Asian nations or ethnic groups in the


title: Naan content: Raisins, lentils and spices can be added. Naan can also be covered with, or serve as a wrap for, various toppings of meat, vegetables, or cheeses. This version is sometimes prepared as fast food. It can also be dipped into such soups as "dal" and goes well with "sabzis" (also known as "shaakh"). "Naan bya" in Burma is sometimes served at breakfast with tea or coffee. It is round, soft, and blistered, often buttered, or with "pè byouk" (boiled peas) on top, or dipped in "hseiksoup" (mutton soup). "Luri fiçá" in Rohingya is similar to naan, but made of rice


title: Naan content: and served at festivals with beef, mutton, vegetables, and soups. It is a national cake of Rohingya in Arakan. Naan pizza is a type of pizza where naan is used as the crust instead of the traditional pizza dough. Chefs and companies such as Nigella Lawson, and Wegmans offer recipes for people to make their own naan pizza at home. Naan Naan is a leavened, oven-baked flatbread found in the cuisines mainly of West Asia, Central Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Indian subcontinent. "Naan" (نان) is Persian and means "bread". The earliest appearance of "naan" in English is from 1803


title: "Eastern oyster" content: Eastern oyster The eastern oyster ("Crassostrea virginica")—also called Wellfleet oyster, Atlantic oyster, Virginia oyster, or American oyster—is a species of true oyster native to the eastern seaboard and Gulf of Mexico coast of North America. It is also farmed in Puget Sound, Washington, where it is known as the Totten Inlet Virginica. Eastern oysters are and have been very popular commercially. Today, less than 1% of the original 17th-century population (when the original colonists arrived) is thought to remain in the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries, although population estimates from any era are uncertain. The eastern oyster is the state


title: "Eastern oyster" content: shellfish of Connecticut, its shell is the state shell of Virginia and Mississippi, and its shell in cabochon form is the state gem of Louisiana. Like all oysters, "Crassostrea virginica" is a bivalve mollusk with a hard calcium-carbonaceous shell. Its shell provides protection from predation. This particular type of oyster has an important environmental value. Like all oysters, "C. virginica" is a filter feeder. They suck in water and filter out the plankton and detritus to swallow, then spit the water back out, thus cleaning the water around them. One oyster can filter more than 50 gallons of water in


title: "Eastern oyster" content: X (MSX) ("Haplosporidium nelsoni"), another protozoan, was first described along the mid-Atlantic coast in 1957. Mortalities can reach 90% to 95% of the oyster population within 2 to 3 years of being seeded. MSX slows the feeding rates of infected oysters, leading to a reduction in the amount of stored carbohydrates, which in turn inhibits normal gametogenesis during spawning, resulting in reduced fecundity. Eastern oyster The eastern oyster ("Crassostrea virginica")—also called Wellfleet oyster, Atlantic oyster, Virginia oyster, or American oyster—is a species of true oyster native to the eastern seaboard and Gulf of Mexico coast of North America. It is


title: "Bicycle pump" content: not be replaced at home. A later version, which had more success, used a cartridge sold originally for drinks siphons. A lever broke the cartridge and enough gas escaped to inflate a tire. Modern gas pumps are often used by mountain bike or road bike racers who need to save weight, and to save time if they puncture during a race. They can be a one-time pump or a pump that can be fitted with a replacement cartridge. Most pumps use carbon dioxide and standard-threaded 16g CO canisters. Carbon dioxide leaks out of a rubber inner tube more rapidly than


title: "Left Turn" content: Left Turn Left Turn was a bimonthly activist news magazine that focused on international social justice movements. Based in New York City and produced by an all volunteer editorial collective, the magazine promoted anti-imperialism and anti-authoritarianism. "Left Turn" had its roots in the anti-capitalist wing of the Global Justice Movement and was founded in the wake of the anti-WTO protests in Seattle in 1999 by a small group of socialists. The magazine's tagline, "Notes from the Global Intifada", was inspired by the then ongoing Palestinian intifada. The magazine supported grassroots activists with the Palestine Solidarity Movement. The magazine ceased print


title: "Left Turn" content: publication after the August 2011 issue, but continues to operate a website. Left Turn Left Turn was a bimonthly activist news magazine that focused on international social justice movements. Based in New York City and produced by an all volunteer editorial collective, the magazine promoted anti-imperialism and anti-authoritarianism. "Left Turn" had its roots in the anti-capitalist wing of the Global Justice Movement and was founded in the wake of the anti-WTO protests in Seattle in 1999 by a small group of socialists. The magazine's tagline, "Notes from the Global Intifada", was inspired by the then ongoing Palestinian intifada. The magazine


title: Can-can content: Can-can The can-can (or cancan as in the original French; ) is a high-energy, physically demanding dance that became a popular music hall dance in the 1840s, continuing in popularity in French cabaret to this day. Originally danced by both sexes, it is now traditionally associated with a chorus line of female dancers. The main features of the dance are the vigorous manipulation of skirts and petticoats, along with high kicks, splits, and cartwheels. The cancan is believed to have evolved from the final figure in the quadrille, which is a social dance, four couples would dance to. The exact


title: Can-can content: origin of the dance is obscure, but the steps may have been inspired by a popular entertainer of the 1820s, Charles Mazurier, well known for his acrobatics, including the grand écart or jump splits — both popular features of the cancan. The dance was considered scandalous, and for a while, there were attempts to repress it. This may have been partly because in the 19th century, women wore pantalettes, which had an open crotch, meaning that a high kick could be unintentionally revealing. There is no evidence that cancan dancers wore special closed underwear, although it has been claimed that


title: Can-can content: the Moulin Rouge management did not permit dancers to perform in "revealing undergarments". Occasionally, people dancing the cancan were arrested, but there is no record of it being banned, as some accounts claim. Throughout the 1830s, it was often groups of men, particularly students, who danced the cancan at public dance-halls. As the dance became more popular, professional performers emerged, although it was still danced by individuals, not by a chorus line. A few men became cancan stars in the 1840s to 1861 and an all-male group known as the "Quadrille des Clodoches" performed in London in 1870. However, women


title: Can-can content: performers were much more widely known. The early cancan dancers were probably prostitutes, but by the 1890s, it was possible to earn a living as a full-time dancer and stars such as La Goulue and Jane Avril emerged, who were highly paid for their appearances at the Moulin Rouge and elsewhere. The most prominent male can-can dancer of the time was Valentin le Désossé (Valentin the Boneless) a frequent partner of La Goulue. The professional dancers of the Second Empire and the fin de siècle developed the cancan moves that were later incorporated by the choreographer Pierre Sandrini in the


title: Can-can content: spectacular "French Cancan", which he devised at the Moulin Rouge in the 1920s and presented at his own Bal Tabarin from 1928. This was a combination of the individual style of the Parisian dance-halls and the chorus-line style of British and American music halls (see below). In the United States and elsewhere, the can-can achieved popularity in music halls, where it was danced by groups of women in choreographed routines. This style was imported back into France in the 1920s for the benefit of tourists, and the French Cancan was born — a highly choreographed routine lasting ten minutes or


title: Can-can content: more, with the opportunity for individuals to display their "specialities". The main moves are the high kick or battement, the "rond de jambe" (quick rotary movement of lower leg with knee raised and skirt held up), the "port d'armes" (turning on one leg, while grasping the other leg by the ankle and holding it almost vertically), the cartwheel and the grand écart (the flying or jump splits). It has become common practice for dancers to scream and yelp while performing the cancan. The cancan was introduced in America on 23 December 1867 by Giuseppina Morlacchi, dancing as a part of


title: Can-can content: "The Devil's Auction" at the Theatre Comique in Boston. It was billed as "Grand Gallop Can-Can, composed and danced by Mlles. Morlacchi, Blasina, Diani, Ricci, Baretta...accompanied with cymbals and triangles by the coryphees and corps de ballet." The new dance received an enthusiastic reception. By the 1890s the cancan was out of style in New York dance halls, having been replaced by the hoochie coochie. The cancan became popular in Alaska and Yukon, Canada where theatrical performances feature cancan dancers to the present day. The cancan is now considered a part of world dance culture. Often the main feature observed