title: "Hong Kong Jockey Club" content: sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education institutions. The Jockey Club Government Secondary School in Kowloon Tong and the Jockey Club Ti-I College in Sha Tin was funded by the then Royal Hong Kong Jockey Club. In July 2011, the Hong Kong Jockey Club approved funding of HK$249 million for the Hong Kong Polytechnic University Innovation Tower. The tower was therefore renamed Jockey Club Innovation Tower. Hong Kong Jockey Club The Hong Kong Jockey Club (HKJC, ) is one of the oldest institutions in Hong Kong, having


title: "Eurasian collared dove" content: Eurasian collared dove The Eurasian collared dove ("Streptopelia decaocto"), most often simply called the collared dove, also sometimes hyphenated as Eurasian collared-dove, is a species of dove native to warm temperate and subtropical Asia, and introduced in North America in the 1980s. In the latter half of the 20th century the species' native range vastly expanded, and it can now be found from Southeast Asia through to Western Europe. Collared doves are sometimes kept in aviculture, and form strong relationships with each other. The genus name "Streptopelia" is from Ancient Greek "streptos", "collar" and "peleia", "dove". The specific "decaocto" is


title: "Eurasian collared dove" content: and Sri Lanka, are now considered synonyms of "S. d. decaocto". It is closely related to the island collared dove of southeast Asia and the African collared dove of sub-Saharan Africa, forming a superspecies with these. Identification from African collared dove is very difficult with silent birds, with the African species being marginally smaller and paler, but the calls are very distinct, a soft purring in African collared dove quite unlike the Eurasian collared dove's cooing. The collared dove is not migratory, but is strongly dispersive. Over the last century, it has been one of the great colonisers of the


title: "Eurasian collared dove" content: dove also makes a harsh loud screeching call lasting about two seconds, particularly in flight just before landing. A rough way to describe the screeching sound is a "hah-hah." Collared doves cooing in early spring are sometimes mistakenly reported as the calls of early-arriving cuckoos and, as such, a mistaken sign of spring's return. Eurasian collared dove The Eurasian collared dove ("Streptopelia decaocto"), most often simply called the collared dove, also sometimes hyphenated as Eurasian collared-dove, is a species of dove native to warm temperate and subtropical Asia, and introduced in North America in the 1980s. In the latter half


title: "Albert Rust" content: Albert Rust Albert Rust (c. 1818 – April 4, 1870) was an American politician who served as a delegate from Arkansas to the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States from 1861 to 1862. A member of the Democratic Party, Rust was the U.S. Representative from , serving from 1859 to 1861. Rust also served as a senior officer of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. Albert Rust was born c. 1818 in Fauquier County, Virginia, to William Rust and his wife Elizabeth; his exact birth date is not known. Rust married Jane Carrington (1824-1847) of Charlotte County,


title: "Albert Rust" content: the Oakland and Fraternal Cemetery Albert Rust Albert Rust (c. 1818 – April 4, 1870) was an American politician who served as a delegate from Arkansas to the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States from 1861 to 1862. A member of the Democratic Party, Rust was the U.S. Representative from , serving from 1859 to 1861. Rust also served as a senior officer of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. Albert Rust was born c. 1818 in Fauquier County, Virginia, to William Rust and his wife Elizabeth; his exact birth date is not known. Rust married Jane


title: Hopscotch content: but the court is usually composed of a series of linear squares interspersed with blocks of two lateral squares. Traditionally the court ends with a "safe" or "home" base in which the player may turn before completing the reverse trip. The home base may be a square, a rectangle, or a semicircle. The squares are then numbered in the sequence in which they are to be hopped. The first player tosses a stone or marker also called a "lucky", onto the court. This object should land in the square without bouncing, sliding, or rolling out. It is typically a small


title: "Mortar (weapon)" content: range, propellant rings (augmentation charges) are attached to the bomb's fins. The rings are usually easy to remove, because they have a major influence on the speed and thus the range of the bomb. Some mortar rounds can be fired without any augmentation charges, e.g., the [[L16 81mm mortar|81 mm L16 mortar]]. [[File:XM395 Precision Guided Mortar Munition.jpg|thumb|left|Soldiers standing in front of an [[M1064 mortar carrier]], holding a XM395 Precision Guided Mortar Munition prototype at Fort Benning, Ga., Feb 2006]] The [[XM395 Precision Guided Mortar Munition|XM395 Precision Guided Mortar Munition (PGMM)]] is a 120 mm [[Precision-guided munition|guided]] mortar round developed by


title: "Mortar (weapon)" content: one metre [[caliber|calibre]], often made of cast iron and with an outside barrel diameter many times that of the bore diameter. An early example was [[Roaring Meg (cannon)|Roaring Meg]], with a 15.5-inch (390 mm) barrel diameter and firing a 220 lb (100 kg) hollow ball filled with gunpowder and used during The [[English Civil War]] in 1646. The largest mortars ever developed were the Belgian "[[Monster Mortar]]" (24 inches; 610 mm; developed by [[Henri-Joseph Paixhans]] in 1832), [[Mallet's Mortar]] (36 inches; 914.4 mm; developed by [[Robert Mallet]] in 1857), and the "[[Little David]]" (36 inches; 914.4 mm; developed in the


title: Torremolinos content: Spain, Toni's Bar, was founded in Torremolinos in 1962. The Spanish regime reacted to the free lifestyle of the city with arrests of homosexuals and other repressions during the 1970s. Torremolinos first appeared on the map of the Ensenada’s Marques in 1748. The name comes from the words Torre (Tower) and Molino (Mill). Water mills covered all this area of which only one survives (Molino de Inca) and one tower which forms part of a restaurant. Historians believe that moulded stones discovered at beaches and mountains in Torremolinos indicate the existence of the village 150000 years ago. Further evidence of


title: "Turlough O'Carolan" content: are the following: "Carolan’s Concerto" (at least 35), "Blind Mary" (at least 23), "Sheebeg and Sheemore" (at least 22), "Planxty George Brabazon" (at least 21), "Planxty Col. Irwin" (at least 19), "Fanny Power" (at least 19), "Eleanor Plunkett" (at least 18), "Carolan’s Farewell to Music" (at least 18), "Carolan’s Draught" (at least 17), "Hewlett" (at least 16), "The Princess Royal" (at least 16), and "Stafford's Receipt" (at least 16). In addition, innumerable musicians have performed many of Carolan's tunes learned from such books as "The Fiddler's Fakebook", which contains some of the above tunes plus "Morgan Magan" and "Planxty Drury".


title: Edale content: of Upper Booth (once Crowdenley Booth and Over Booth), Barber Booth (once Whitmorely Booth), Grindsbrook Booth, Ollerbrook Booth and Nether Booth (also known as Lady Booth and, formerly, Lower Booth). Edale is the site of an historic cotton mill built in 1795 on the site of a corn mill and tannery by Nicholas Cresswell in partnership with James Harrison, Robert Blackwell and Joseph Fletcher. Workers were brought in from the towns and accommodated in cottages and in a nearby house called Skinner's Hall. Many of the women workers walked each day from Castleton over the thousand-foot Hollins Cross pass. The


title: Rhampholeon content: Rhampholeon Rhampholeon is a genus of small chameleons, commonly known as pygmy chameleons or African leaf chameleons, found in central East Africa (extending slightly into adjacent DR Congo). They are found in forests, woodlands, thickets, and savanna, and most species are restricted to highlands. They are brown, grey, or green, and typically seen at low levels in bushes, or on the ground among grasses or leaf litter. Until recently, the members of the genus "Rieppeleon" were commonly included in "Rhampholeon", instead. The following 19 species are recognized as being valid. "Nota bene": A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the


title: Rhampholeon content: species was originally described in a genus other than "Rhampholeon". Rhampholeon Rhampholeon is a genus of small chameleons, commonly known as pygmy chameleons or African leaf chameleons, found in central East Africa (extending slightly into adjacent DR Congo). They are found in forests, woodlands, thickets, and savanna, and most species are restricted to highlands. They are brown, grey, or green, and typically seen at low levels in bushes, or on the ground among grasses or leaf litter. Until recently, the members of the genus "Rieppeleon" were commonly included in "Rhampholeon", instead. The following 19 species are recognized as being valid.


title: "Full contact karate" content: variation of the Knockdown karate rules. Although this sport format originated with the Kyokushin karate organization, it has spread until now and it's used by many karate styles and organizations. Karate styles embracing these rules are often called "knockdown karate" styles, and these include both organizations that originated from Kyokushin, such as Shidōkan Karate, Ashihara Karate, Enshin Karate and Seidokaikan (the style that originated the K-1), as well as styles that originated independently from Kyokushin such as Ryukyukan from Okinawa and Muso-Kai karate. (Muso-Kai started with Shorin Ryu, Knockdown styles were a huge influence later) Though severely divided by rivaling


title: "Black-chinned hummingbird" content: Molts will then occur annually, taking 7–8 months at the population level. Similar species to the black-chinned hummingbird include broad-tailed hummingbird, rufous hummingbird, calliope hummingbird, Allen's hummingbird, lucifer hummingbird, Anna's hummingbird, and Costa's hummingbird. Black-chinned hummingbirds are found in most of the western United States, reaching north into Canada in Alberta and British Columbia, east to Oklahoma, and as far south as Mexico. They can be found in mountains, woodlands, orchards, meadows, and chaparral habitats. Their breeding habitat is open, semiarid areas, usually near water in the western United States, northern Mexico, and southern British Columbia. These birds feed on


title: "Flag of Russia" content: a double-headed eagle, or under a white-red-blue pennant and a white-red-blue aft flag with a double-headed eagle. In October 1699, Peter I, on the back of the sheet with instructions sent to the Russian envoy Yemelyan Ukraintsev in Istanbul, drew a sketch of a three-band white-blue-red flag. In December 1699, the Austrian ambassador Anton Paleyer gave a list of weapons and flags seen on the vessels of the Azov Flotilla in a letter. He described seeing three small flags of white-red-blue colors and two regimental colors of red and white mixed in with other colors. In April 1700, Peter I


title: Djembe content: drum known as a "gumbe". This mounting technique most likely goes back hundreds of years; the exact period is unknown. Up until the 1980s, the most common mounting system used twisted strips of cowhide as rope. The skin was attached with rings made of cowhide; one ring was sown into the perimeter of the skin and a second ring placed below it, with loops holding the skin in place and securing the two rings together. A long strip of cowhide was used to lace up the drum, applying tension between the top ring and a third ring placed around the


title: Djembe content: This process had to be repeated frequently, every 15–30 minutes. The modern mounting system arose in the early seventies, when touring ballets came into contact with synthetic rope used by the military. Initially, the synthetic rope was used to replace the twisted cowhide strips. However, the rope could now be tightened to the point where it tore through the skin; in response, drum makers started using steel rings instead of twisted cowhide to hold the skin in place. Despite objections from many djembefolas, the modern mounting system gradually displaced the traditional one and, by 1991 had completely replaced it. The


title: "Empresas Polar" content: Bodegas Pomar. Polar is currently trying to expand their frontiers, by exporting some of their products to other countries, currently some Polar products can be purchased in the United States of America. Maltin Polar, Polar Beer and Harina PAN. Recently the "Maltin Polar" and "Polar ICE" have been introduced into the Puerto Rican market. During the economic crisis in Venezuela in 2016 production of beer was suspended due to the firm's inability to access a supply of barley. Empresas Polar Empresas Polar is a Venezuelan corporation, that started as a brewery founded in 1941 by Lorenzo Alejandro Mendoza Fleury, Rafael


title: "Edmond Becquerel" content: in photography. In 1840, he discovered that the silver halides, natively insensitive to red and yellow light, became sensitive to that part of the spectrum in proportion to their exposure to blue, violet and ultraviolet light, allowing daguerreotypes and other photographic materials to be developed by bathing in strong red or yellow light rather than by chemical treatment. In practice this technique was rarely used. In 1848 he produced color photographs of the spectrum, and also of camera images, by a technique later found to be akin to the Lippmann interference method, but the camera exposures required were impractically long


title: Take-out content: Take-out Take-out or takeout (in North America—U.S. and Canada—and the Philippines); carry-out (in some dialects in the U.S. and Scotland); take-away (in the United Kingdom other than Scotland, Australia, South Africa, and Ireland), takeaways (in New Zealand), parcel (in Indian and Pakistani English), refer to prepared meals or other food items, purchased at a restaurant, that the purchaser intends to eat elsewhere. A concept found in many ancient cultures, take-out food is now common worldwide, with a number of different cuisines and dishes on offer. The concept of prepared meals to be eaten elsewhere dates back to antiquity. Market and


title: Take-out content: roadside stalls selling food were common in Ancient Greece and Rome. In Pompeii, archaeologists have found a number of "thermopolia", service counters opening onto the street which provided food to be taken away. There is a distinct lack of formal dining and kitchen area in Pompeian homes, which may suggest that eating, or at least cooking, at home was unusual. Over 200 "thermopolia" have been found in the ruins of Pompeii. In the cities of medieval Europe a number of street vendors sold take-out food. In medieval London, street vendors sold hot meat pies, geese, sheep's feet and French wine,


title: Take-out content: while in Paris roasted meats, squab, tarts and flans, cheeses and eggs were available. A large strata of society would have purchased food from these vendors, but they were especially popular amongst the urban poor, who would have lacked kitchen facilities in which to prepare their own food. However, these vendors often had a bad reputation, often being in trouble with civic authorities reprimanding them for selling infected meat or reheated food. The cooks of Norwich often defended themselves in court against selling such things as "pokky pies" and "stynkyng mackerelles". In 10th and 11th century China, citizens of cities


title: Take-out content: such as Kaifeng and Hangzhou were able to buy pastries such as "yuebing" and "congyoubing" to take away. By the early 13th century, the two most successful such shops in Kaifeng had "upwards of fifty ovens". A traveling Florentine reported in the late 14th century that in Cairo, people carried picnic cloths made of raw hide to spread on the streets and eat their meals of lamb kebabs, rice and fritters that they had purchased from street vendors. In Renaissance Turkey, many crossroads saw vendors selling "fragrant bites of hot meat", including chicken and lamb that had been spit roasted.


title: Take-out content: Aztec marketplaces had vendors that sold beverages such as "atolli" ("a gruel made from maize dough"), almost 50 types of tamales (with ingredients that ranged from the meat of turkey, rabbit, gopher, frog, and fish to fruits, eggs, and maize flowers), as well as insects and stews. After Spanish colonization of Peru and importation of European food stocks including wheat, sugarcane and livestock, most commoners continued primarily to eat their traditional diets, but did add grilled beef hearts sold by street vendors. Some of Lima's 19th century street vendors such as "Erasmo, the 'negro' sango vendor" and Na Aguedita are


title: Take-out content: still remembered today. During the American colonial period, street vendors sold "pepper pot soup" (tripe) "oysters, roasted corn ears, fruit and sweets," with oysters being a low-priced commodity until the 1910s when overfishing caused prices to rise. In 1707, after previous restrictions that had limited their operating hours, street food vendors had been banned in New York City. Many women of African descent made their living selling street foods in America in the 18th and 19th centuries; with products ranging from fruit, cakes and nuts in Savannah, Georgia, to coffee, biscuits, pralines and other sweets in New Orleans. In the


title: Take-out content: 19th century, street food vendors in Transylvania sold gingerbread-nuts, cream mixed with corn, and bacon and other meat fried on tops of ceramic vessels with hot coals inside. The Industrial Revolution saw an increase in the availability of take-out food. By the early 20th Century, fish and chips was considered an "established institution" in Britain. The hamburger was introduced to America around this time. The diets of industrial workers were often poor, and these meals provided an "important component" to their nutrition. In India, local businesses and cooperatives, had begun to supply workers in the city of Bombay (now Mumbai)


title: Take-out content: with tiffin boxes by the end of the 19th century. Take-out food can be purchased from restaurants that also provide sit-down table service or from establishments specialising in food to be taken away. Providing a take-out service saves operators the cost of cutlery, crockery and pay for servers and hosts; it also allows many customers to be served quickly, without restricting sales by remaining to eat their food. Although once popular in Europe and America, street food has declined in popularity. In part, this can be attributed to a combination of the proliferation of specialized takeaway restaurants and legislation relating


title: Take-out content: to health and safety. Vendors selling street food are still common in parts of Asia, Africa and the Middle East, with the annual turnover of street food vendors in Bangladesh and Thailand being described as particularly important to the local economy. Many restaurants and take-out establishments have benefited from the invention of the car. Drive-through or "drive-thru" outlets allow customers to order, pay for, and receive food without leaving their cars. The idea was pioneered in 1931 in a California fast food restaurant, "Pig Stand Number 21". By 1988, 51% of McDonald's turnover was being generated by drive-throughs, with 31%


title: Take-out content: of all US take-out turnover being generated by them by 1990. Some take-out businesses offer food for delivery, which usually involves contacting a local business by telephone or online. In countries including Australia, Canada, India, Brazil, Japan, much of the European Union and the United States, food can be ordered online from a menu, then collected or delivered. The industry has kept pace with technological developments since the 1980s beginning with the rise of the personal computer. Specialized computer software for food delivery helps determine the most efficient routes for carriers, track order and delivery times, manage calls and orders


title: "Kirkland Lake" content: Heritage North. It also has a strong community built on music. Local attractions include: The Kirkland Lake Festivals Committee hosts an annual homecoming week. The event has received Top 100 Festival rankings by Festivals & Events Ontario. Many former residents return home for the celebrations. The 2018 homecoming week will be a celebration of the community's 100th anniversary. Homecoming events included free kids events, Shakespeare in the Park, a BMX, skateboard & scooter extreme park competition, a local food fair, free kids matinees, splash park events, golf tournaments, A day in the park at the Toburn Mine site, fireworks and


title: "Dharmakāya" content: tradition view the "dharmakāya" as the "ātman" (true self) of the Buddha present within all beings. In Tibetan, the term "chos sku" glosses "dharmakāya"; it is composed of "chos" "religion, dharma" and "sku" "body, form, image, bodily form, figure". Thondup & Talbott render it as the "ultimate body". In a key scholarly collaborative, Nyingma translation work published in 2005, furthermore notable as the first complete rendering of the "Bardo Thodol" into the English language from the Tibetan, this technical term was configured into English as "Buddha-body of Reality". The Yungdrung Bon term for "dharmakāya" is "rdzogs sku", where "rdzogs" means


title: Hartlepool content: their tie crest. Hartlepool is twinned with: The people of hartlepool, are called hartlepudlians and have been said to have a rather unique accent, which is said to be a mixture of scouse and Geordie. Famous people from Hartlepool, include Jeff Stelling and Savannah Marshall Hartlepool Hartlepool ( ) is a town in County Durham, England. The town lies on the North Sea coast, north of Middlesbrough and south of Sunderland. The town is governed as part of the Borough of Hartlepool, a unitary authority which also controls outlying villages such as Seaton Carew, Greatham and Elwick. Hartlepool was founded


title: Bobbio content: with a tasty beef stew sauce. In the right season it is possible to taste the flavoured products of the surrounding woods such as mushrooms and truffles. And last but not least the numerous locally produced "wines" all of excellent quality. Tradition says that were the same monks arrived with Saint Columbanus who started the growing of the vine after it was abandoned during the dark age of Middleage. Bobbio is located at the foot of Ligurian Apennines, in the territory known as Colli Piacentini, near DOC for the production of typical wines such as Gutturnio, Trebbianino Trebbia Val, Barbera,


title: "Ruby-throated hummingbird" content: during hovering partially through inversion of their cambered wings during an upstroke. During hovering, hummingbird wings beat up to 80 times per second. Nectar from flowers and flowering trees, as well as small insects and spiders, are its main food. Although hummingbirds are well known to feed on nectar, small arthropods are an important source part of protein, minerals, and vitamins in the diet of adult hummingbirds. Hummingbirds show a slight preference for red, orange, and bright pink tubular flowers as nectar sources, though flowers not adapted to hummingbird pollination (e.g., willow catkins) are also visited. Their diet may also


title: Stryker content: the swiftness with which the program had proceeded from its inception in 1999. In November 2003, 311 Stryker vehicles were deployed in the Iraq War where they saw mixed success. Never designed for front-line combat, the vehicles were nevertheless pressed into counterinsurgency roles for which there was an unmet need. Unexpectedly fierce resistance by insurgents prompted field upgrades to the vehicle's armor. To counter the threat of rocket-propelled grenades, General Dynamics developed slat armor, which added 5000-lbs to the vehicle weight. The upgrades came at a cost: In addition to hindering mobility in the field, the additional weight ruled out


title: "Aerial photography" content: available for use under such a model; a large model helicopter with a 26cc gasoline engine can hoist a payload of approximately seven kilograms (15 lbs). In addition to gyroscopically stabilized footage, the use of RC copters as reliable aerial photography tools increased with the integration of FPV (first-person-view) technology. Many radio-controlled aircraft are now capable of utilizing Wi-Fi to stream live video from the aircraft's camera back to the pilot's or pilot in command's (PIC) ground station. In Australia Civil Aviation Safety Regulation 101 (CASR 101) allows for commercial use of radio control aircraft. Under these regulations radio controlled


title: "Aerial photography" content: 20 kg. Basic Rules for non commercial flying Of a SUA (Small Unmanned Aircraft). Article 241 Endangering safety of any person or property. A person must not recklessly or negligently cause or permit an aircraft to endanger any person or property. Article 94 small unmanned aircraft 1. A person must not cause or permit any article or animal (whether or not attached to a parachute) to be dropped from a small unmanned aircraft so as to endanger persons or property. 2. The person in charge of a small unmanned aircraft may only fly the aircraft if reasonably satisfied that the


title: "Robert Goulet" content: Sunset" and "If Ever I Would Leave You". In 1978, he sang "You Light Up My Life" at the Miss Universe Pageant to the five finalists. Goulet played Don Quixote in the 1997–98 U.S. national tour of "Man of La Mancha" and recorded the theme song for the talk show "Jimmy Kimmel Live!" in 2003. His commercial work included a 30-second spot for the 1998 Mercedes-Benz C-Class, showing him in different costumes (toll collector, construction worker, meter maid, etc.), all while singing ""It's Impossible""; and an Emerald Nuts television advertising campaign in 2006, which debuted during Super Bowl XL and


title: Dromedary content: two in the afternoon. The camel is not easily exhausted unless diseased or undernourished, and has remarkable endurance and hardiness. Camel milk is a staple food of nomadic tribes living in deserts. According to a study, it consists of 11.7% solids, 3% protein, 3.6% fat, 0.8% ash, 4.4% lactose and 0.13% acidity (pH 6.5). The quantities of sodium, potassium, zinc, iron, copper, manganese, niacin and vitamin C were relatively higher than the amounts in cow milk. However, the levels of thiamin, riboflavin, folacin, vitamin B, pantothenic acid, vitamin A, lysine, and tryptophan were lower than those in cow milk. The


title: "Liebig's Extract of Meat Company" content: Liebig's Extract of Meat Company Liebig's Extract of Meat Company was the producer of LEMCO brand Liebig's Extract of Meat and the originator of Oxo meat extracts and Oxo beef stock cubes. It was named after Baron Justus von Liebig, the 19th-century German organic chemist who developed and promoted a method for industrial production of beef extract. In 1847, Justus von Liebig developed a concentrated beef extract in hopes of providing a cheap and nutritious meat substitute, "Extractum carnis Liebig", for those unable to afford the real thing. His method was to trim the fat from the meat, break the


title: "Variety show" content: on sketches and stunts, while shows such as "Jimmy Kimmel Live!" and "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert" put more emphasis on desk chat. "The Richard Bey Show" combined the variety show with the tabloid talk show, not only having its guests talk about their problems but also having them participate in absurdist games, and "Sally Jesse Raphael" was known for occasionally having music and fashion in the show, especially drag and gender-bending performances. Sketch comedy series such as "Saturday Night Live", "In Living Color", "Almost Live!" (and its successor "Up Late NW"), "MADtv", and "SCTV" also contain variety show


title: "El Mariachi" content: in a wheelchair. He did not use synchronised sound. Instead, he shot the film silent, then recorded on-set audio so it could be synced in post-production. Professional lighting was replaced by two 200-watt clip-on desk lamps. No film crew was hired; actors not in the scenes helped out. Also, Rodriguez believed in filming scenes sequentially in one long take with a single camera; every few seconds, he froze the action, so he could change the camera angle and make it appear that he used multiple cameras simultaneously. Also, bloopers were kept in to save film: noted by Rodriguez were scenes


title: Irritation content: Irritation Irritation, in biology and physiology, is a state of inflammation or painful reaction to allergy or cell-lining damage. A stimulus or agent which induces the state of irritation is an irritant. Irritants are typically thought of as chemical agents (for example phenol and capsaicin) but mechanical, thermal (heat), and radiative stimuli (for example ultraviolet light or ionising radiations) can also be irritants. Irritation also has non-clinical usages referring to bothersome physical or psychological pain or discomfort. Irritation can also be induced by some allergic response due to exposure of some allergens for example contact dermatitis, irritation of mucosal membranes


title: Irritation content: and pruritus. Mucosal membrane is the most common site of irritation because it contains secretory glands that release mucous which attracts the allergens due to its sticky nature. Chronic irritation is a medical term signifying that afflictive health conditions have been present for a while. There are many disorders that can cause chronic irritation, the majority involve the skin, vagina, eyes and lungs. In higher organisms, an allergic response may be the cause of irritation. An allergen is defined distinctly from an irritant, however, as allergy requires a specific interaction with the immune system and is thus dependent on the


title: Irritation content: (possibly unique) sensitivity of the organism involved while an irritant, classically, acts in a non-specific manner. It is a form of stress, but conversely, if one is stressed by unrelated matters, mild imperfections can cause more irritation than usual: one is irritable; see also sensitivity (human). In more basic organisms, the status of pain is the perception of the being stimulated, which is not observable although it may be shared (see gate control theory of pain). It is not proven that oysters can feel pain, but it is known that they react to irritants. When an irritating object becomes trapped


title: Irritation content: within an oyster's shell, it deposits layers of calcium carbonate (CaCO), slowly increasing in size and producing a pearl. This is purely a defense mechanism, to trap a potentially threatening irritant such as a parasite inside its shell, or an attack from outside, injuring the mantle tissue. The oyster creates a pearl sac to seal off the irritation. It has also been observed that an amoeba avoids being prodded with a pin, but there is not enough evidence to suggest how much it feels this. Irritation is apparently the only universal sense shared by even single-celled creatures. It is postulated


title: Irritation content: that most such beings also feel pain, but this is a projection – empathy. Some philosophers, notably René Descartes, denied it entirely, even for such higher mammals as dogs or primates like monkeys; Descartes considered intelligence a pre-requisite for the feeling of pain. Modern office work with use of office equipment has raised concerns about possible adverse health effects. Since the 1970s, reports have linked mucosal, skin, and general symptoms to work with self-copying paper. Emission of various particulate and volatile substances has been suggested as specific causes. These symptoms have been related to Sick Building Syndrome, which involves symptoms


title: Irritation content: such as irritation to the eyes, skin, and upper airways, headache and fatigue. The eye is also a source of chronic irritation. Disorders like Sjögren's syndrome, where one does not make tears, can cause a dry eye sensation which feels very unpleasant. The condition is difficult to treat and is lifelong. Besides artificial tears, there is a drug called Restasis which may help. Blepharitis is dryness and itching on the upper eyelids. This condition is often seeing in young people and can lead to reddish dry eye and scaly eyebrows. To relieve the itching sensation, one may need to apply


title: Irritation content: warm compresses and use topical corticosteroid creams. Eczema is another cause of chronic irritation and affects millions of individuals. Eczema simply means a dry skin which is itchy. The condition usually starts at an early age and continues throughout life. The major complaint of people who suffer from eczema is an itchy dry skin. Sometimes, the itching will be associated with a skin rash. The affected areas are always dry, scaly, reddish and may ooze sometimes. Eczema cannot be cured, but its symptoms can be controlled. One should use moisturizers, use cold compresses and avoid frequent hot showers. There are


title: Irritation content: over the counter corticosteroids creams which can be applied. Sometimes, an anti histamine has to be used to prevent the chronic itching sensations. There are also many individuals who have allergies to a whole host of substances like nuts, hair, dander, plants and fabrics. For these individuals, even the minimal exposure can lead to a full blown skin rash, itching, wheezing and coughing. Unfortunately, other than avoidance, there is no other cure. There are allergy shots which can help desensitize against an allergen but often the results are poor and the treatments are expensive. Most of these individuals with chronic


title: Irritation content: irritation from allergens usually need to take anti histamines or use a bronchodilator to relieve symptoms. Another common irritation disorder in females is intertrigo. This disorder is associated with chronic irritation under folds of skin. This is typically seen under large breasts, groins and folds of the abdomen in obese individuals. Candida quickly grows in warm moist areas of these folds and presents as a chronic itch. Over time, the skin becomes red and often oozes. Perspiration is also a chronic type of irritation which can be very annoying. Besides being socially unacceptable, sweat stain the clothes and can present


title: Irritation content: with a foul odor. In some individuals, the warm moist areas often become easily infected. The best way to treat excess sweating is good hygiene, frequent change of clothes and use of deodorants/antiperspirants. One of the most common areas of the body associated with irritation is the vagina. Many women complain of an itch, dryness, or discharge in the perineum at some point in their lives. There are several causes of vaginal irritation including fungal vaginitis (like candida) or trichomoniasis. Often, herpes simplex infection of the mouth or genitalia can be recurrent and prove to be extremely irritating. Sometimes, the


title: Mokpo content: lane track. Behind the stadium, local groups are able to use public tennis courts. The ground floor of the stadium houses committees of diverse sports. The city has attracted many athletes to train in the area during the winter, due to sunny and warm weather, and numerous accommodations. The city has been very successful in reaching agreements with 127 teams, totaling almost 6,000 athletes, who trained during the winter in 2004. Since 2005, the focus has been on track and field sports in order to boost the number of visiting athletes. Recreational parks are located sparsely around Yudal mountain, while


title: "Gyeongbu Line" content: travel time was only 4 hours to 4 hours 30 minutes. Korean National Railroad responded by introducing the Saemaul-ho class of elevated-comfort express trains on August 15, 1974. with the introduction of new streamlined diesel locomotives and then diesel multiple units in Saemaul-ho service, top speed was raised to and travel time was reduced to 4 hours 10 minutes with the timetable valid from November 16, 1985. The Gyeongbu Line was extensively upgraded in parallel with the development of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway urban rapid transit system and the Korea Train Express (KTX) high-speed rail system from the 1970s. The


title: "Pharoah Sanders" content: Pharoah Sanders Pharoah Sanders (born Farrell Sanders, October 13, 1940) is an American jazz saxophonist. Saxophonist Ornette Coleman once described him as "probably the best tenor player in the world". Emerging from John Coltrane's groups of the mid-1960s, Sanders is known for his overblowing, harmonic, and multiphonic techniques on the saxophone, as well as his use of "sheets of sound". Sanders is an important figure in the development of free jazz; Albert Ayler famously said: "Trane was the Father, Pharoah was the Son, I am the Holy Ghost". Pharoah Sanders was born on October 13, 1940 in Little Rock, Arkansas.


title: "Fred Frith" content: play guitar, from traditional guitar picks to violin bows, drum sticks, egg beaters, paint brushes, lengths of metal chain, and other found objects. Frith remarked: "It's more to do with my interest in found objects and the use of certain kinds of textures which have an effect on the string ... the difference between the touch of stone, the touch of glass, the touch of wood, the touch of paper – those kinds of basic elements that you're using against the surface of the strings which produce different sounds." In a typical solo improvising concert, Frith would lay a couple


title: "Peter Brötzmann" content: Edward Vesala Peter Brötzmann / Gregg Bendian / William Parker Brötzmann / Bennink Peter Brötzmann / Caspar Brötzmann Peter Brötzmann & Andrew Cyrille Peter Brötzmann & Hamid Drake Brötzmann / Drake / Kessler B.E.E.K. (Brötzmann, Ellis, Eneidi, Krall) Brötzmann / Friis-Nielsen / Uuskyla Peter Brötzmann / Mahmoud Guinia / Hamid Drake Fushitsusha & Peter Brötzmann Peter Brötzmann & Shoji Hano Peter Brötzmann, Fred Hopkins & Rashied Ali Peter Brötzmann, Fred Hopkins & Hamid Drake Brötzmann / Kondo / Pupillo / Nilssen-Love Brötzmann / Laswell Peter Brötzmann / Fred Lonberg-Holm Peter Brötzmann / Werner Lüdi Brötzmann / Mangelsdorff / Sommer Peter


title: "Peter Brötzmann" content: Brötzmann, Joe McPhee, Kent Kessler & Michael Zerang Brötzmann / Michiyo Yagi / Nilssen-Love Brötzmann & Miller Brötzmann / Miller / Moholo Peter Brötzmann / Misha Mengelberg / Han Bennink Peter Brötzmann & Paal Nilssen-Love Peter Brötzmann, Paal Nilssen-Love & Mats Gustafsson Brötzmann / Oliver / Kellers Brötzmann / Parker / Drake Peter Brötzmann / William Parker / Michael Wertmüller Peter Brötzmann & Walter Perkins Peter Brötzmann & Tom Raworth Peter Brötzmann / Ed Sivkov / Nick Rubanov Peter Brötzmann, Nicky Scopelitis & Shoji Hano Brötzmann / Sommer / Phillips Peter Brötzmann – Keith Tippett Quartet Peter Brötzmann & Peeter


title: "Peter Brötzmann" content: Uuskyla Brötzmann / Van Hove / Bennink Brötzmann, Van Hove, Bennink & Albert Mangelsdorff Peter Brötzmann & Nasheet Waits Brötzmann Wilkinson Quartet – with Simon Fell and Willi Kellers Peter Brötzmann / Yukihiro Issoh / Tamio Kawabata / Ryojiro Furusawa Brötzmann / Zerang Crispell / Brötzmann / Drake Frode Gjerstad / Peter Brötzmann Keiji Haino & Peter Brötzmann Keiji Haino, Peter Brötzmann and Shoji Hano Alfred Harth / Peter Brötzmann Achim Jaroschek / Peter Brötzmann Kellers / Brötzmann Evan Parker Trio & Peter Brötzmann Trio Sabu Brötzmann Duo Frank Samba, Dieter Manderscheid, Peter Brötzmann Sharrock / Brötzmann Nicolai Yudanov, Peter


title: Gungrave content: who killed him, his former best friend and colleague from Millenion, Harry Macdowell. Stages in the game are presented as missions issued by Dr. T, and follow Grave as he hunts down the boss of that stage. Settings include a bar, a lab, the subway, and even a traditional Japanese dojo set atop a sky scraper. These environments are complemented or contrasted by the urban environment that surrounds them. The game opens with the young girl dragging an oversized attaché case toward a warehouse with difficulty. "Bloody" Harry Macdowell has just carried out a coup against Big Daddy, the leader


title: "James Starley" content: was a Saturday. At 6am on the Monday the prototype was being made and at 8am Starley was stepping on to the London train to register patent No. 3388,1877." Starley married Jane Todd when he was in his early 20s. Their son, William Starley, and his nephew, John Kemp Starley, also entered the industry and one of the outcomes was the Rover car company. Starley's sons continued manufacturing cycles after his death in 1881 but his nephew John Kemp Starley made more of a mark. It was John Kemp Starley and Sutton who devised the recognisably modern Rover safety bicycle


title: Spyder-D content: Music Factory, where Spyder signed Grayson Boucher, of And 1 fame, and recruited Kenny Anderson as head coach. Currently, Spyder is working on his autobiography and working out of his home recording studio on his final rap album, entitled "Legendary", in honor of the people he has worked with over the span of his career. Spyder D's brand of music was characterized by a laid back attitude, humor, and skills on the microphone. In his live instrumental backing tracks he combined elements of jazz and funk. Spyder-D Duane Hughes, better known by his stage name Spyder D, is a former


title: Ureterosigmoidostomy content: well as this, the urine entering the colon can cause diarrhea and salt imbalance due to the sodium and chloride in the urine. Urea levels in the blood are higher due to urea crossing the colon wall. In the large intestine, sodium is swapped for potassium, and chloride for bicarbonate, this causes an acidosis and hypokalaemia. Many patients take sodium bicarbonate to combat this. Patients with ureterosigmoidostomy have a 100 times greater chance of developing carcinoma of the colon after living with the modification for a number of years, on average 20–30 years after the operation – 24% of patients


title: "Electrical efficiency" content: Electrical efficiency The efficiency of an entity (a device, component, or system) in electronics and electrical engineering is defined as useful power output divided by the total electrical power consumed (a fractional expression), typically denoted by the Greek small letter eta (η – ήτα). If energy output and input are expressed in the same units, efficiency is a dimensionless number. Where it is not customary or convenient to represent input and output energy in the same units, efficiency-like quantities have units associated with them. For example, the heat rate of a fossil-fuel power plant may be expressed in BTU per


title: "Versatile Real-Time Executive" content: for the Motorola proprietary P2K () operating system, which runs on most company devices since the Motorola V60 and T280i, up to the Motorola RAZR V9x. It runs on several hardware platforms including LTE (Motorola V300, V500, V600, E398, RAZR V3 and others featuring the ARM7 processor), LTE2 (Motorola L7 and upcoming devices with 176x220 screen resolution), Rainbow POG (3G phones featuring an MCORE processor from Motorola E1000 to RAZR V3x), Argon (all new 3G phones with 532 MHz ARM11 processor since Motorola RAZR maxx V6 and V3xx) and others. Versatile Real-Time Executive Versatile Real-Time Executive (VRTX) is a real-time


title: "Diving suit" content: rather than a wetsuit. Wetsuits can be made using more than one thickness of neoprene, to put the most thickness where it will be most effective in keeping the diver warm. A similar effect can be achieved by layering wetsuits of different coverage. Some makes of neoprene are softer, lighter and more compressible than others for the same thickness, and are more suitable for wetsuits for non-diving purposes as they will compress and lose their insulating value more quickly under pressure, though they are more comfortable for surface sports because they are more flexible and allow more freedom of movement.


title: "Diving suit" content: gas contains helium, which is a very poor insulator in comparison with other breathing gases. A "shortie" wetsuit may be worn over a full wetsuit for added warmth. Some vendors sell a very similar item and refer to it as a 'core warmer' when worn over another wetsuit. A "skin" may also be worn under a wetsuit. This practice started with divers wearing body tights under a wetsuit for extra warmth and to make donning and removing the wetsuit easier. A "skin" may also be as an undersuit beneath a drysuit in temperatures where a full undersuit is not necessary.


title: "Erdős cardinal" content: Erdős cardinal In mathematics, an Erdős cardinal, also called a partition cardinal is a certain kind of large cardinal number introduced by . The Erdős cardinal is defined to be the least cardinal such that for every function there is a set of order type that is homogeneous for (if such a cardinal exists). In the notation of the partition calculus, the Erdős cardinal is the smallest cardinal such that Existence of zero sharp implies that the constructible universe satisfies "for every countable ordinal , there is an -Erdős cardinal". In fact, for every indiscernible satisfies "for every ordinal ,


title: Homework content: Homework Homework, or a homework assignment, is a set of tasks assigned to students by their teachers to be completed outside the class. Common homework assignments may include required reading, a writing or typing project, mathematical exercises to be completed, information to be reviewed before a test, or other skills to be practiced. The effect of homework is debated. Generally speaking, homework does not improve academic performance among children and may improve academic skills among older students, especially lower-achieving students. Homework also creates stress for students and their parents and reduces the amount of time that students could spend outdoors,


title: Homework content: assigning homework including: Homework research dates back to the early 1900s. However, no consensus exists on the general effectiveness on homework. Results of homework studies vary based on multiple factors, such as the age group of those studied and the measure of academic performance. Among teenagers, students who spend somewhat more time on homework generally have higher grades, and somewhat higher test scores than students who spend less time on homework. Very high amounts of homework cause students' academic performance to worsen, even among older students. Students who are assigned homework in middle and high school score somewhat better on


title: Homework content: standardized tests, but the students who have 60 to 90 minutes of homework a day in middle school or more than two hours in high school score worse. Younger students who spend more time on homework generally have slightly worse, or the same academic performance, as those who spend less time on homework. Homework does not improve academic achievements for grade school students. Low-achieving students receive more benefit from doing homework than high-achieving students. However, schoolteachers commonly assign less homework to the students who need it most, and more homework to the students who are performing well. Proponents claim that


title: Homework content: assigning homework to young children helps them learn good study habits. Essentially, they advocate for doing potentially unnecessary homework from approximately age five to ten as a way of practicing for doing necessary homework from age 10 to 15. No research has ever been conducted to determine whether this claim has any merit. The amount of homework given does not necessarily affect students' attitudes towards homework and various other aspects of school. Homework has been identified in numerous studies and articles as a dominant or significant source of stress and anxiety for students. Studies on the relation between homework and


title: Homework content: health are few compared to studies on academic performance. A 2007 study of American students by MetLife found that 89% of students felt stressed from homework, with 34% reporting that they "often" or "very often" felt stressed from homework. Stress was especially evident among high school students. Students that reported stress from homework were more likely to be deprived of sleep. Homework can cause tension and conflict in the home as well as at school, and can reduce students' family and leisure time. In the survey, failure to complete homework and low grades where homework was a contributing factor was


title: Homework content: on homework, as opposed to 44 minutes in 1981. Some educators argue that homework is beneficial to students, as it enhances learning, develops the skills taught in class, and lets educators verify that students comprehend their lessons. Proponents also argue that homework makes it more likely that students will develop and maintain proper study habits that they can use throughout their educational career. Historically, homework was frowned upon in American culture. With few students interested in higher education, and due to the necessity to complete daily chores, homework was discouraged not only by parents, but also by school districts. In


title: Homework content: 5 hours. The main distinction for UK homework is the social gap, with middle-class teenagers getting a disproportionate amount of homework compared to Asia and Europe. In 2012, a report by the OECD showed that Spanish children spend 6.4 hours a week on homework. This prompted the CEAPA, representing 12,000 parent associations to call for a homework strike. Homework Homework, or a homework assignment, is a set of tasks assigned to students by their teachers to be completed outside the class. Common homework assignments may include required reading, a writing or typing project, mathematical exercises to be completed, information to


title: "Sino-Korean vocabulary" content: being native Korean words and loanwords from other languages, mostly English. Sino-Korean words are typically used in formal or literary contexts, and to express abstract or complex ideas. Almost all Korean surnames and most Korean given names are Sino-Korean. Additionally, Korean numerals can be expressed with Sino-Korean and native Korean words, though each set of numerals has different purposes. Sino-Korean words may be written either in the Korean alphabet, known as Hangul, or in Chinese characters, known as Hanja. Sino-Korean words borrowed directly from Chinese come mainly from Chinese classics, literature, and colloquial Chinese. These Chinese words below are created


title: "Concertina wire" content: the construction time significantly. Concertina wire is sometimes mistakenly called "constantine" wire. "Constantine" probably came from a corruption/misunderstanding of "Concertina" and led to confusion with the Roman Emperor Constantine. This in turn has led to some people trying to differentiate between concertina wire and "constantine" wire by assigning the term "constantine wire" to what is commonly known as razor wire. In contrast to the helical construction of concertina wire, razor wire, or less commonly "constantine wire", consists of a single wire with projecting teeth periodically along its length. Concertina wire Concertina wire or Dannert Wire is a type of barbed


title: "Value engineering" content: not what it is. For example a screw driver that is being used to stir a can of paint has a "function" of mixing the contents of a paint can and not the original connotation of securing a screw into a screw-hole. In value engineering "functions" are always described in a two word abridgment consisting of an active verb and measurable noun (what is being done – the verb – and what it is being done to – the noun) and to do so in the most non-prescriptive way possible. In the screw driver and can of paint example, the


title: "Tom Cat" content: Tom Cat Thomas "Tom" Cat is a fictional character and one of the title characters (the other being Jerry Mouse) in Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's series of "Tom and Jerry" theatrical animated short films. Created by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera, Tom is a grey and white anthropomorphic domestic short haired Tuxedo cat who first appeared in the 1940 MGM animated short "Puss Gets the Boot" Tom was originally known as "Jasper" during his debut in that short; however, beginning with his next appearance in "The Midnight Snack" he is known as "Tom" or "Thomas". His name, "Tom Cat", is based on "tomcat",


title: "Tom Cat" content: Framed Roger Rabbit". Tom Cat Thomas "Tom" Cat is a fictional character and one of the title characters (the other being Jerry Mouse) in Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's series of "Tom and Jerry" theatrical animated short films. Created by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera, Tom is a grey and white anthropomorphic domestic short haired Tuxedo cat who first appeared in the 1940 MGM animated short "Puss Gets the Boot" Tom was originally known as "Jasper" during his debut in that short; however, beginning with his next appearance in "The Midnight Snack" he is known as "Tom" or "Thomas". His name, "Tom Cat", is


title: "Spanish sparrow" content: apparently intermediate between the Spanish sparrow and the house sparrow. The Italian sparrow has been classified as a hybrid with the house sparrow, the same species as the Spanish sparrow, the same species as the house sparrow, and as a separate species. The Spanish sparrow also hybridises freely with house sparrow in parts of northern Africa (north-eastern Algeria, Tunisia, and north-western Libya), forming highly variable mixed populations with a full range of characters from pure house sparrow to pure Spanish sparrow. On the Mediterranean islands of Malta, Gozo, Crete, Rhodes, and Karpathos, there are more apparently intermediate birds of unknown


title: "Spanish sparrow" content: where house sparrows are absent, the Spanish sparrow may live in urban habitats, as in the Canary Islands, Madeira, and some Mediterranean islands. In a few urban areas, such as those in eastern Sardinia, the primary sparrow species is the Eurasian tree sparrow. Before the Spanish sparrow arrived in the Canary Islands and Madeira, the rock sparrow was the sole native sparrow. In the Canaries, the Spanish sparrow occurs in most habitats, having ousted the rock sparrow from all but the driest localities. In Madeira the Spanish sparrow is common in cultivated areas, but it has not fully adapted to


title: "Chuck Schumer" content: of the Joint Congressional Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies for the Second inauguration of Barack Obama, Schumer played a key role in organizing the event, gave the opening speech and served as the master of ceremonies. A photograph of a smiling Schumer peering from behind Malia Obama as Barack Obama took the oath of office went viral and became a meme. Although it was described as a "photobomb", it was not technically one as he was standing in the correct place. "The Huffington Post" quipped that, "clearly, inauguration day belonged to Chuck Schumer." Schumer prides himself on visiting every one of


title: "Folding kayak" content: or can reach upwards of 40–45 minutes, depending on the design of the kayak and the skill of the assembler. Military commando teams can assemble a large Klepper or Long Haul double kayak in around 8 minutes or less. Disassembly is typically half the assembly time. The Oru Kayak uses the principles of origami to construct a long kayak using a single sheet of corrugated plastic as both the ribs and skin. The Oru kayak folds into itself to form a carrying case when not in use. The stability and design robustness of several folding kayak models makes them ideal


title: "Folding kayak" content: and waves. The folding kayak that used to belong to pope John Paul II has been on display at the Archdiocesan Museum in Kraków, Poland since 2003. When already a cardinal, the future pope shared the ownership of "The Pebble" with a student friend of his, who later donated it to the museum. In 1956 the German doctor Hannes Lindemann crossed the Atlantic using an Klepper Aerius II folding kayak, today the kayak is exhibited in the Deutsches Museum. Folding kayak A folding kayak is a direct descendant of the original Inuit kayak made of animal skins stretched over frames


title: "Toothed whale" content: the giant squid, but also the colossal squid, octopuses, and fish like demersal rays, but their diet is mainly medium-sized squid. Some prey may be taken accidentally while eating other items. A study in the Galápagos found that squid from the genera "Histioteuthis" (62%), "Ancistrocheirus" (16%), and "Octopoteuthis" (7%) weighing between were the most commonly taken. Battles between sperm whales and giant squid or colossal squid have never been observed by humans; however, white scars are believed to be caused by the large squid. A 2010 study suggests that female sperm whales may collaborate when hunting Humboldt squid. The killer


title: Pogona content: crucial to avoiding hypocalcemia as well as metabolic bone disease. Paralysis occurs often in bearded dragons when they are fed food that is too big for them. Bearded dragons will try to eat worms or crickets that are too big for them, but this can be extremely harmful. Food should not be bigger than the space between their eyes for a young dragon. Older dragons can generally cope with larger insects but not oversized prey. If a dragon eats food that is too big for it, pressure will be put on its spinal cord during digestion. This pressure can lead


title: "Snare drum technique" content: Snare drum technique Snare technique is the technique used to play a snare drum. It is studied as an end to itself by snare drummers, and as a way of developing stick control skill by kit drummers and players of other auxiliary percussion instruments. There are two categories of grips used in snare technique: matched grip, in which both hands hold the sticks in an overhand grip, and traditional grip, in which one hand uses an overhand grip and the other an underhand grip. Traditional grip is almost exclusively used on snare drum, and concert bass drum, while matched grip


title: "Martini (cocktail)" content: came to be seen as old-fashioned and was replaced by more intricate cocktails and wine spritzers, but the mid-1990s saw a resurgence in the drink and numerous new versions. Some newer drinks include the word "martini" or the suffix "-tini" in the name (e.g., appletini, peach martini, chocolate martini, espresso martini). These are named after the martini cocktail glass they use and generally contain vodka but share little else in common with the drink. Martini (cocktail) The martini is a cocktail made with gin and vermouth, and garnished with an olive or a lemon twist. Over the years, the martini


title: "Mārtiņi" content: loaf of bread and went to the horse stable. There they slaughtered a rooster and with its blood tarnished the left hind leg of each horse. After that a loaf of bread with the rooster were carried around horses, then the horses would not be smitten with evil spirits and their random incubus." On Mārtiņi mask marches helped with Mārtiņi's healing and pedestrians with Mārtiņi's children or mārtiņiem: "On Mārtiņi Eve the youth dressed up and walked around asking for gifts, which then all together were poured." (1781) "On Mārtiņi Eve the Mārtiņi children chased Mārtiņi with sticks." If Children


title: "Martini Racing" content: Martini Racing Martini Racing is the name under which various motor racing teams race when sponsored by the Italian company Martini & Rossi, a distillery that produces Martini vermouth in Turin. Martini's sponsorship program began in 1958 as Martini International Club, founded by Count Metello Rossi di Montelera of Martini & Rossi. The race cars are marked with the distinctive dark blue, light blue and red stripes on white, red or silver background body cars. The car model which has won the most titles for Martini Racing is the Lancia Delta HF Integrale. Martini's first sponsorship program happened at the


title: "M67 motorway" content: M67 motorway The M67 is a urban motorway in Greater Manchester, England, which heads east from the M60 motorway passing through Denton and Hyde before ending near Mottram. It was originally conceived as the first part of a trans-Pennine motorway between Manchester and Sheffield connecting the A57(M) motorway to the M1 motorway; however, the motorway never progressed this far. Numerous calls have been made to extend the motorway to link Manchester and Sheffield, the second and ninth most populous urban areas within the United Kingdom. Traffic between the cities is mainly divided between the Snake and Woodhead passes, which traverse


title: "Chino, Nagano" content: renamed Chino on May 3, 1948. Chino was elevated to city status on August 1, 1958. In 1990 Chino became the first sister city of Longmont, Colorado. Chino has nine public elementary schools and four public middle schools. There is one public high school operated by the Nagano Prefectural Board of Education, and one private high school. The Tokyo University of Science, Suwa is also located in Chino. Chino, Nagano Chino is located in a mountainous area of east-central Nagano prefecture. Notable mountains within the city limits include Mount Yatsugatake, Mount Tateshina and Mount Kirigamine. Chino city hall is located


title: Chilliwack content: sunny and warm, with long days (light out until well after 10pm in June with dusk that lasts for hours) and with occasional stretches of heat where temperatures rise above . Due to its location at the eastern end of the Fraser Valley, there has been some debate about preserving Chilliwack's air quality. However, the 2011 World Health Organization's study of air quality shows that Chilliwack enjoys air quality among the best in the world. For PM (10 µm) size particulates, Canada averaged third best in the world (along with Australia) at an average of 13 micrograms per cubic metre.


title: "Kakegawa, Shizuoka" content: Daitō and Ōsuka (both from Ogasa District) were merged into Kakegawa. Kakegawa has a mixed economy. It serves as a regional commercial center for west-central Shizuoka Prefecture. In the agricultural sector, production and processing of green tea predominates. The city is surrounded by green tea fields and is known for its high quality tea. Other crops include cantelope, tomatoes, strawberries and roses. In terms of industrial production, Kakegawa has several light industry industrial complexes. Major products include telecommunications equipment and electronics, cosmetics, automotive components and musical instruments. Only a few hundred meters from Kakegawa Station is the reconstructed Kakegawa Castle,


title: "Terrebonne, Quebec" content: Mascouche line. The city of Terrebonne is also equipped with a bus network, also operated by the RTM, which enables residents to reach several metro stations both in Laval and Montreal, amongst many other locations. Some examples include bus line 30 (or 30G), which brings inhabitants of Terrebonne to the Radisson metro station on Sherbrooke Street East, bus line 19 (or 19G), which reaches Montmorency metro station in Laval, and bus line 25, whose terminal stop is at the Henri-Bourassa metro station. The Université de Montréal has a small campus located near the Pierre Le Gardeur Hospital in the Lachenaie


title: "Tiger Stadium (Detroit)" content: league parks whose construction predated the advent of night games, only Chicago's Wrigley Field went longer without lights (1988). Tiger Stadium featured an upper and lower deck bleacher section that was separated from the rest of the stadium. Chainlink and at one time, a barbed wire fence, separated the bleachers from the reserved sections and was the only section of seating not covered by at least part of the roof. The bleachers had their own entrance, concession stands and restrooms. In 1999, its final season, this ballpark and Chase Field were the only ones that had a dirt path that


title: RadioShack content: creation of Intertan, Tandy Electronics operated 873 stores in Canada, and owned the rights to the RadioShack name. In 2004, Circuit City, a competitor of Radio Shack purchased Intertan, which held the rights to use the RadioShack name in Canada until 2010. Radio Shack Corp., which operated Radio Shack stores in the U.S., sued Intertan in an attempt to end the contract for the company name early. On March 24, 2005, a U.S. district court judge ruled in favour of RadioShack, requiring InterTAN stop using the brand name in products, packaging or advertising by June 30, 2005. The Canadian stores


title: RadioShack content: with Tandy Corporation to operate Radio Shack branded stores in Mexico. After growing their electronics chain within Mexico to 24 stores, Grupo Gigante signed a new deal with Tandy in 1992 to form a new joint ventured called Radio Shack de México in which both companies had an equal share. As part of the deal, Grupo Gigante transferred their electronics stores to Radio Shack de México. In 2008, Grupo Gigante separated from Radio Shack, (then renamed Radio Shack Corporation) and sold its share of the joint venture to Radio Shack Corp. for $42.3 million. In June 2015, Grupo Gigante repurchased


title: RadioShack content: for US$31.8 million, two months prior to the bankruptcy filing, but had only had to hand over US$11.8 million to RadioShack Corp. for also assuming approximately US$20 million in debt liabilities. While Radio Shack was facing a second bankruptcy in the United States, Grupo Gigante announced in October 2017 that they planned to expand the Radio Shack brand within Mexico by opening eight more stores. When Radio Shack Corporation filed for bankruptcy the first time in 2015, the Unicomer Group (Grupo Unicomer) purchased the Radio Shack brand from the bankruptcy court for its exclusive use in Central America, South America,


title: RadioShack content: as a result of RadioShack first bankruptcy filing. When Radio Shack filed for bankruptcy the first time in 2015, the Egypt-based Delta RS for Trading purchased the Radio Shack brand from the bankruptcy court for its exclusive use in Middle East and North Africa for $US5 million. Delta RS for Trading, as Radio Shack Egypt, had opened its first Radio Shack franchised store in 1998 in Nasr City. By March 2003, Radio Shack Egypt had 65 company-operated stores plus 15 sub-franchised stores. In 2017, the Egyptian government accused Radio Shack Egypt and its parent Delta RS in aiding the suspected


title: "Choe Sejin" content: proper relations with China. In addition to his skills as a translator and interpreter, his works also contain his legacy. He published a lot in the field of linguistics, especially in the realm of Chinese linguistics directed towards a Korean audience. He translated numerous works such as "Bak Tong Sa", "Translations of Park", which was a Chinese textbook, and elaborated on its research through his own work "Sasung Tonghae", "Explaining the Four Sounds". There are very scarce resources available to shed light onto Choe Sejin's life. One work that reveals a lot about Choe's character and his influence during his


title: "Choe Sejin" content: 40 years in total. A few of his most notable works are listed below: "Sasung Tonghae" marks the intonations, and the correct pronunciations of Chinese characters in hangul. It also includes records of 450 Korean words in hangul, and is an important source for the research on the history of the Korean language. "Sohak Pyunmong" is a textbook for Chinese language learners, dedicated to the King. "Unhoe Okpyun" is a supplementary material published to add on to the works in "Sasung Tonghae". One of his last works, which was written when he was 76. A work about the Nanjing city


title: Infidelity content: reasons. The anticipation of jealous feelings towards an individual's significant other causes a cognitive response, even without the burden of proof. Some more cognitive responses in the young stages of infidelity are incompetence and resentfulness. In the initial stages of infidelity, the feeling of incompetence can lead to cognitive resentment. The partner being cheated on will begin to feel that anything and everything they do is not enough, they may feel incompetent in the ways of love, affection, or sex. Whenever an individual suspects that they are being cheated on they try to change their behavior in hopes of keeping


title: Veteran content: Veteran A veteran (from Latin "vetus", meaning "old") is a person who has had long service or experience in a particular occupation or field. A military veteran is a person who has served and is no longer serving in the armed forces. Those veterans that have had direct exposure to acts of military conflict may also be referred to as war veterans (although not all military conflicts, or areas in which armed combat takes place, are necessarily referred to as wars). A combat veteran is a person who has fought in combat during a war or a skirmish against a


title: Veteran content: declared enemy and may still be serving in the military. Military veterans often receive special treatment in their respective countries due to the sacrifices they made during wars. Different countries handle this differently: some openly support veterans through government programs, while others ignore them. Veterans are also subject to illnesses directly related to their military service such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). War veterans are generally treated with great respect and honour for their contribution to the world and country by their own nationals. Conversely there are often negative feelings towards the veterans of foreign nations held long after the


title: Veteran content: war is over; for example towards the German Nazi soldiers, yet they are no less veterans of war than those of the winning side. There are exceptions. Veterans of unpopular or lost conflicts may be discriminated against. Veterans of short or small conflicts are often forgotten when the country fought bigger conflicts. In some countries with strong anti-military traditions (e.g., Germany after 1945), veterans are neither honoured in any special way by the general public, nor have their dedicated Veterans Day, although events are sometimes orchestrated by minority groups. Many countries have longstanding traditions, ceremonies, and holidays to honour their


title: Veteran content: veterans. In the UK, "Remembrance Day" is held on November the 11th and is focused mostly on the veterans who died in service to the monarch and country. A red or white poppy is worn on the lapel (for remembrance or for peace, respectively) in the weeks up to the date, and wreaths and flowers laid at memorials to the dead. In Russia, a tradition was established after World War II where newly married couples would on their wedding day visit a military cemetery. In France, for instance, those wounded in war are given the first claim on any seat


title: Veteran content: on public transit. Most countries have a holiday such as Veterans Day to honour their veterans, along with the war dead. In Zimbabwe, the term veteran is used for political purpose and may not actually refer to someone that participated in a war, but still feels entitled to some benefit because of association with a cause for which there had been an actual war. Britain, with its historic distrust of standing armies, did little for its veterans before the 19th century. It did set up two small hospitals for them in the 1680s. In London and other cities the streets


title: Veteran content: teemed with disabled or disfigured veterans begging for alms. The First World War focused national attention on veterans, especially those who had been partly or wholly disabled. The King's National Roll Scheme (KNRS) was an employment program for disabled veterans of the First World War. Kowalsky says it was practical, innovative, and ahead of its time and was the most important piece of legislation enacted for disabled veterans in interwar Britain. In addition to direct aid, it stimulated a national discussion regarding the need for employment programs for disabled veterans and the responsibility of the state, setting up a future


title: Veteran content: demand for more benefits. In the 21st century, Britain has one of the highest densities of veterans in a major country, with 13 million in 2000, or 219 per 1,000 population. Some veterans from the Belgian commitment of the Congolese to WWII live in communities throughout the Congo. Though they received compensation from the government during the rule of the dictator Mobutu Sese Seko, after his overthrow they no longer receive pensions. The most common usage is for former armed services personnel. A veteran is one who has served in the armed forces, especially one who has served in combat.


title: Veteran content: The National Guard and Reserve is included. It is especially applied to those who served for an entire career, usually of 20 years or more, but may be applied for someone who has only served one tour of duty. A common misconception is that only those who have served in combat or those who have retired from active duty can be called military veterans. In 1990, 40% of young Americans had a veteran for a parent; this decreased to 16% in 2014. In 2016, of the veterans who were born outside of the United States, Mexican and Filipino Americans made


title: Veteran content: up the two largest populations, with 3% of all veterans having been born outside of the United States. As of 2017 there are some 21 million American veterans. President Abraham Lincoln, in his second inaugural address in 1865 towards the end of the American Civil War, famously called for good treatment of veterans: "[T]o care for him who shall have borne the battle, and for his widow, and his orphan". The American Civil War produced veterans' organizations, such as the Grand Army of the Republic and United Confederate Veterans. The treatment of veterans changed after the First World War. In


title: Veteran content: the years following, discontented veterans became a source of instability. They could quickly organize, had links to the army and often had arms themselves. The Bonus Army of unemployed veterans was one of the most important protest movements of the Great Depression, marching on Washington, D.C. to get a claimed bonus now that Congress had promised them decades in the future. Each state of the United States sets specific criteria for state-specific veterans' benefits. For federal medical benefits from the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) hospitals, prior to 7 September 1980 the veteran must have served at least 180 days


title: "Vladimir Smirnov (fencer)" content: of safety gear in fencing. Maraging steel blades (instead of the carbon steel ones of the day), kevlar (or other ballistic nylon) in the uniforms, and masks two to three times stronger than the one he wore, and other safety rules, all came about because of his death. Vladimir Smirnov (fencer) Vladimir Viktorovich Smirnov (, ; 20 May 1954 – 28 July 1982) was a Soviet foil fencer. Smirnov won the gold medal in individual men's foil at the 1980 Summer Olympics. He won the World Championships the following year. During the 1982 World Championships in Rome, Smirnov was fencing


title: "The Day Today" content: The Day Today The Day Today was a British comedy television show which parodies television current affairs programmes, broadcast in 1994 on BBC2. It was created by Armando Iannucci and Chris Morris and is an adaptation of the radio programme "On the Hour", which was broadcast on BBC Radio 4 between 1991 and 1992 and was written by Morris, Iannucci, Steven Wells, Andrew Glover, Stewart Lee, Richard Herring, David Quantick, and the cast. For "The Day Today", Peter Baynham joined the writing team, and Lee and Herring were replaced by Graham Linehan and Arthur Mathews. The principal cast of "On


title: "The Day Today" content: the Hour" was retained for "The Day Today". "The Day Today" is composed of six half-hour episodes and a selection of shorter, five-minute slots recorded as promotion trailers for the longer segments. The six half-hour episodes were originally broadcast from 19 January to 23 February 1994 on BBC2. "The Day Today" has won many awards, including Morris winning the 1994 British Comedy Award for Best Newcomer. All six episodes are available on BBC DVD, having previously been issued on VHS. Each episode is presented as a mock news programme, and the episodes rely on a combination of ludicrous fictitious news


title: "The Day Today" content: stories, covered with a serious, pseudo-professional attitude. Each episode revolves around one or two major stories, which are pursued throughout the programme, along with a host of other stories usually only briefly referred to. In addition, the programme dips into other channels from time to time, presents clips of fictitious upcoming BBC programmes, and conducts street interviews with members of the public, in a segment titled "Speak Your Brains". The programme frequently comments on other programmes, most often a spoof soap opera called "The Bureau", set in a 24-hour bureau de change, incorporating clichéd soap opera-style plots, which apparently produces


title: "The Day Today" content: and airs 2,000 episodes between the first and third segments of "The Day Today" and becomes a hit in Italy. The programme also contains clips from a spoof documentary series called "The Pool", featuring a public swimming pool and its neurotic staff, Morris's character explaining that "The Day Today" has funded a documentary on every public building in the country. The final episode features reports from the fictitious documentary "The Office", which follows office workers as they go on a retreat with an efficiency expert. Other non-news segments of the programme include the occasional "physical cartoons" of current events set


title: "The Day Today" content: in the studio. Chris Morris frequently parodies entirely separate channels, including RokTV (spoofing MTV); reporting on the fictitious and psychotically violent African-American rapper Fur-Q; and "Genutainment", a segment which reports on a sheepdog averting a helicopter disaster in a parody of the real-life rescue show "999". The programme occasionally features producer Armando Iannucci and writer Peter Baynham, the latter playing Gay Desk reporter Colin Poppshed, among other characters. John Thomson, Graham Linehan, Tony Haase, and Minnie Driver also appear. Michael Alexander St John provides the voiceover stings, as he did in "On the Hour". Much of the programme's humour derives


title: "The Day Today" content: from its excessively brash style of reporting, and its unnecessarily complex format. The theme tune is deliberately overdramatic and self-important and the opening sequence of each episode is lengthy and complicated, a parody of the overuse of computer-generated credit sequences on news programmes (the graphics throughout were developed by ITN graphics designers). One episode presents false adverts featuring depictions of "The Day Today" being broadcast in bizarre locations; the night sky over Paris, the sides of the Great Pyramid in Egypt, the "International Hackenbacker Building" in Chicago, and the handles of 400 million petrol pumps across the globe; this is


title: "The Day Today" content: a parody of CNN International's promotions advertising the hotels in which the channel could be seen. Morris presents aggressively, often arguing with reporters and guests on-air and at one stage provoking a war between Australia and Hong Kong. The programme frequently lambasts Conservative government politicians in office at the time of the programme's production. Those repeatedly lampooned by the series include John Major, Michael Heseltine (who had his picture swapped with a Bosnian old woman), Chris Patten, Douglas Hurd, Virginia Bottomley, Michael Portillo, and US President Bill Clinton. Each episode is brought to an interrupted ending with just enough time


title: "The Day Today" content: to quickly overview the following day's newspapers (a parody of Jeremy Paxman on BBC2's "Newsnight") printed with absurd headlines such as "Lord Mayor's pirouette in fire chief wife decapitation", and a final humorously misused video. Each episode ends in a familiar style for news reports, with the camera panning out as the studio lights dim on Morris. Instead of shuffling his papers in clichéd newsreader style, Morris takes advantage of the dimming lights to perform bizarre activities; putting lots of pens in his jacket pockets, placing a tourniquet around his arm in preparation to inject heroin, removing his normal hair


title: "The Day Today" content: to reveal long blonde locks underneath, and, in the last episode, prostrating himself before the newsdesk. The programme features surreal news items. Examples include: Other stories included a report of two French boys who break into the Roman Catholic Church's computer databanks in order to change the Catholic catechism; an urgent report that the British pound had been stolen; reports of wild horses disrupting the London Underground; and reports that Crete had been kidnapped by Libya and that Japan had manufactured 16 identical Japans. One-off correspondents in the series have absurd names, and include Hellwyn Ballard (Armando Iannucci), Iggy Pop


title: "The Day Today" content: Barker (Marber), Romella Belx (Front), Dônnnald Bethl'hem (Marber), Eugene Fraxby (Morris), Suzanna Gekkaloys (Mackichan), Pheeona Haahlahm (Mackichan), Collin Haye (Morris), Remedy Malahide (Front), Spartacus Mills (Coogan), Colin Poppshed (Peter Baynham), Beverley Smax (Mackichan) and Suki Bapswent (Morris in drag, as part of the "RokTV" spoof). David Schneider also plays "The Day Today"s News Dancer, who performs an energetic interpretive dance routine as an accompaniment to some news stories. "The Day Today" was described as "achingly funny" by "The Daily Mirror" and "the freshest and funniest comedy since Monty Python" by "The Independent". "NME"s review was mixed, calling it "not exactly


title: Aqaba content: been built before 1990. A special census for Aqaba city was carried by the Jordanian department of statistics in 2007, the total population of Aqaba by the census of 2007 was 98,400. The 2011 population estimate is 136,200. The results of the census compared to the national level are indicated as follows: ِIslam represents the majority of the population of Aqaba, but Christianity still exists today. Approximately 5,000 Christian families live in the city. There are several churches in the city and one Christian school called "Rosary Sisters School Aqaba". Residential buildings in Aqaba are made up of 4 stories,


title: "Cherry blossom" content: Cherry blossom A cherry blossom is a flower of several trees of genus "Prunus", particularly the Japanese cherry, "Prunus serrulata", which is called sakura after the Japanese ( or ; ). Currently they are widely distributed, especially in the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere including Japan, Nepal, India, Taiwan, Korea, China, West Siberia, Iran and Afghanistan. Along with the chrysanthemum, the cherry blossom is considered the national flower of Japan. Many of the varieties that have been cultivated for ornamental use produce small, unpalatable fruit. Edible cherries generally come from cultivars of the related species "Prunus avium" and "Prunus


title: "Cherry blossom" content: Japanese pay close attention to these forecasts and turn out in large numbers at parks, shrines and temples with family and friends to hold flower-viewing parties. "Hanami" festivals celebrate the beauty of the cherry blossom and for many are a chance to relax and enjoy the beautiful view. The custom of "hanami" dates back many centuries in Japan. The eighth-century chronicle "Nihon Shoki" (日本書紀) records "hanami" festivals being held as early as the third century AD. Most Japanese schools and public buildings have cherry blossom trees outside of them. Since the fiscal and school year both begin in April, in


title: "Cherry blossom" content: many parts of Honshu, the first day of work or school coincides with the cherry blossom season. The Japan Cherry Blossom Association developed a list of Japan's Top 100 Cherry Blossom Spots with at least one location in every prefecture. In Japan, cherry blossoms symbolize clouds due to their nature of blooming "", besides being an enduring metaphor for the ephemeral nature of life, an aspect of Japanese cultural tradition that is often associated with Buddhist influence, and which is embodied in the concept of "mono no aware". The association of the cherry blossom with "mono no aware" dates back


title: "Cherry blossom" content: with about 150 trees that attract many visitors when they bloom in early April. The cherry blossom is a major tourist attraction in Germany's Altes Land orchard region. The largest Hanami in Germany, in Hamburg, with Japanese-style fireworks, organized by the German-Japanese society, draws tens of thousands spectators every spring. Starting in 2015, Hamburg will be allowed to bestow the title of "Cherry Blossom Queen" by the Japan Cherry Blossom Association, one of only three cities worldwide to receive this privilege. The first Cherry Blossom Queen of Hamburg will be crowned by the Cherry Blossom Queen of Japan on May


title: "Jimmy Driftwood" content: Jimmy Driftwood James Corbitt Morris (June 20, 1907 – July 12, 1998), known professionally as Jimmy Driftwood or Jimmie Driftwood, was an American folk music songwriter and musician, most famous for his songs "The Battle of New Orleans" and "Tennessee Stud". Driftwood wrote more than 6,000 folk songs, of which more than 300 were recorded by various musicians. Driftwood was born in Timbo, Arkansas, on June 20, 1907. His father was folk singer Neil Morris. Driftwood learned to play the guitar at a young age on his grandfather's homemade instrument. Driftwood used that unique guitar throughout his career and noted


title: "Jimmy Driftwood" content: Washington, D.C.. Due to his extensive knowledge of folk music he was appointed as a musicologist for the National Geographic Society. During his later life Driftwood enjoyed performing free concerts for high school and college students. He died of a heart attack on July 12, 1998, in Fayetteville, Arkansas, at age 91. Jimmy Driftwood James Corbitt Morris (June 20, 1907 – July 12, 1998), known professionally as Jimmy Driftwood or Jimmie Driftwood, was an American folk music songwriter and musician, most famous for his songs "The Battle of New Orleans" and "Tennessee Stud". Driftwood wrote more than 6,000 folk songs,


title: "Obama, Fukui" content: the Mayor of Obama City announced to the Japanese press that he intends to commission a statue of Barack Obama to be put in front of the city hall "as a token of the great historical moment for the name Obama". On January 20, 2009, the day that Barack Obama was sworn into office, the city of Obama celebrated the inauguration with women dancing the hula at the Hagaji Temple. On November 14, 2009, President Obama specifically acknowledged his connection with Obama by mentioning it and its citizens in a speech at Suntory Hall in Tokyo. In 2013, Obama mayor


title: "Theistic evolution" content: Theistic evolution Theistic evolution, theistic evolutionism, evolutionary creationism or God-guided evolution are views that regard religious teachings about God as compatible with modern scientific understanding about biological evolution. Theistic evolution is not in itself a scientific theory, but a range of views about how the science of general evolution relates to religious beliefs in contrast to special creation views. Supporters of theistic evolution generally harmonize evolutionary thought with belief in God, rejecting the conflict thesis regarding the relationship between religion and science they hold that religious teachings about creation and scientific theories of evolution need not contradict each other. Francis


title: "Town square" content: Town square A town square is an open public space commonly found in the heart of a traditional town used for community gatherings. Other names for "town square" are "civic center", "city square", "urban square", "market square", "public square", "piazza", "plaza", and "town green". Most town squares are hardscapes suitable for open markets, concerts, political rallies, and other events that require firm ground. Being centrally located, town squares are usually surrounded by small shops such as bakeries, meat markets, cheese stores, and clothing stores. At their center is often a fountain, well, monument, or statue. Many of those with fountains


title: "Town square" content: are actually called fountain square. In urban planning, a city square or urban square is a planned open area in a city. In Mainland China, People's Square is a common designation for the central town square of modern Chinese cities, established as part of urban modernization within the last few decades. These squares are the site of government buildings, museums and other public buildings. The probably best-known and largest such square in China is Tienanmen Square. The German word for square is Platz, which also means "Place", and is a common term for central squares in German-speaking countries. These have


title: "Town square" content: been focal points of public life in towns and cities from the Middle Ages to today. Squares located opposite a Palace or Castle () are commonly named Schlossplatz. Prominent "Plätze" include the Alexanderplatz, Pariser Platz and Potsdamer Platz in Berlin, Heldenplatz in Vienna, and the Königsplatz in Munich. A piazza () is a city square in Italy, Malta, along the Dalmatian coast and in surrounding regions. San Marco in Venice may be the worlds best known. The term is roughly equivalent to the Spanish "plaza". In Ethiopia, it is used to refer to a part of a city. When the


title: "Town square" content: Earl of Bedford developed Covent Garden – the first private-venture public square built in London – his architect Inigo Jones surrounded it with arcades, in the Italian fashion. Talk about the "piazza" was connected in Londoners' minds not with the square as a whole, but with the arcades. A piazza is commonly found at the meeting of two or more streets. Most Italian cities have several piazzas with streets radiating from the center. Shops and other small businesses are found on piazzas as it is an ideal place to set up a business. Many metro stations and bus stops are


title: "Town square" content: found on piazzas as they are key point in a city. In Britain, "piazza" now generally refers to a paved open pedestrian space, without grass or planting, often in front of a significant building or shops. King's Cross station in London is to have a piazza as part of its redevelopment. The piazza will replace the existing 1970s concourse and allow the original 1850s façade to be seen again. There is a good example of a piazza in Scotswood at Newcastle College. In the United States, in the early 19th century, a "piazza" by further extension became a fanciful name


title: "Town square" content: for a colonnaded porch. Piazza was used by some, especially in the Boston area, to refer to a verandah or front porch of a house or apartment. A central square just off Gibraltar's Main Street, between the Parliament Building and the City Hall officially named "John Mackintosh Square" is colloquially referred to as "The Piazza". A large open square common in villages, towns and cities of Indonesia is known as "alun-alun". It is a Javanese term which in modern-day Indonesia refers to the two large open squares of kraton compounds. It is typically located adjacent a mosque or a palace.


title: "Town square" content: It is a place for public spectacles, court celebrations and general non-court entertainments. In traditional Persian architecture, town squares are known as maydan or meydan. A maydan is considered as one of the essential features in urban planning and they are often adjacent to bazaars, large mosques and other public buildings. Naqsh-e Jahan Square in Isfahan and Azadi Square in Tehran are examples of classic and modern squares. Squares are often called "markt" because of the usage of the square as a market place. Almost every town in Belgium and the southern part of the Netherlands has a "Grote Markt"


title: "Town square" content: (for example "Grote Markt" in Brussels) or "Grand Place" in French. The "Grote Markt" is often the place where the town hall is situated and therefore the centre of the town. The same naming can be found in surrounding regions as for example Cologne has several central squares named "-markt" or "Markt" (Heumarkt, Neumarkt, Alter Markt). In Russia, "central square" (, romanised: "tsentráĺnaya plóshchad́") is a common term for an open area in the heart of the town. In a number of cities this square does not have an individual name, i.e., officially named so: Tsentráĺnaya Plóshchad́ (Central Square), e.g.,


title: "Town square" content: Central Square (Tolyatti); see for more. Throughout Spain, Spanish America, and the Spanish East Indies, the plaza mayor of each center of administration held three closely related institutions: the cathedral, the cabildo or administrative center, which might be incorporated in a wing of a governor's palace, and the audiencia or law court. The plaza remains a center of community life that is only equaled by the market-place. This open space at the center of the cities is originally from the Mediterranean where public spaces always had very important role for public life. The origin of the word Plaza is, via


title: "Town square" content: Latin platea, from Greek πλατεῖα (ὁδός) plateia (hodos), meaning "broad (way or street)". The Plaza is the heir to the Roman "Forum", and this is the heir of the Greek (Agora). Most viceregal cities in Spanish America and the Philippines were planned around a square "plaza de armas", where troops could be mustered, as the name implies, surrounded by the governor's palace and the main church. In the United Kingdom, and especially in London and Edinburgh, a "square" has a wider meaning. There are public squares of the type described above but the term is also used for formal open


title: Vitrectomy content: – removal of the lens in the eye when it is cloudy (cataract) or if it is attached to scar tissue. Conditions which can benefit from vitrectomy include: Retinal detachment – a blinding condition where the lining of the eye peels loose and floats freely within the interior of the eye. Steps to reattach the retina may include vitrectomy to clear the inner jelly, scleral buckling to create a support for the reattached retina, membranectomy to remove scar tissue, injection of dense liquids to smooth the retina into place, photocoagulation to bond the retina back against the wall of the


title: Saltfleet content: Saltfleet Saltfleet is a coastal village in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated approximately north from Mablethorpe and east from Louth. The village is part of the civil parish of Skidbrooke with Saltfleet Haven, which had a population of 523 at the 2001 Census, increasing to 543 at the 2011 Census. Saltfleet is set in countryside. It has a village store with adjoining cafe, a petrol station, a seasonal fish and chip shop, and three caravan sites. The beaches at Saltfleet attract visitors for days out and holidays, some of whom gather the wild food samphire


title: Saltfleet content: parishes. Saltfleet Saltfleet is a coastal village in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated approximately north from Mablethorpe and east from Louth. The village is part of the civil parish of Skidbrooke with Saltfleet Haven, which had a population of 523 at the 2001 Census, increasing to 543 at the 2011 Census. Saltfleet is set in countryside. It has a village store with adjoining cafe, a petrol station, a seasonal fish and chip shop, and three caravan sites. The beaches at Saltfleet attract visitors for days out and holidays, some of whom gather the wild food


title: "British European Airways" content: demineralised water injection system, and that these engines were rated at the same thrust as the Speys powering BEA's Trident 2Es and 3Bs. To compensate for the 510ED's lower rated engines, no forward integral airstairs were fitted. The resulting weight saving permitted an increase in payload. It also offset (to some extent) the additional costs of customisation to attain commonality with the Trident 3B. Although unique in the context of the 500 series, the absence of forward airstairs was a characteristic BEA's 510EDs shared with BUA's 201ACs. On 4 January 1966, BEA's biggest independent rival, BUA, simultaneously launched daily BAC


title: "Jerry West" content: would try to console him, but West would say "get out" at the home porch and drive away—an experience that "killed" her as a wife. Early in his career, West's West Virginian roots made him target for some mild jeering. He spoke with a high pitched voice that became even shriller when he became excited, so that Lakers captain Elgin Baylor dubbed West "Tweety Bird". His Appalachian accent was so thick that one coach interrupted him and asked him to speak English. Baylor once commented: "Rumors are safe with you, Tweety Bird. You pass them on, but nobody can understand


title: "I spy" content: I spy I spy is a guessing game where the "spy", or "it", says "I spy with my little eye ..." and players have to guess the object the Spy saw. The way players choose who will be the Spy/It can range from the noncompetitive alternating of turns to a game of skill/chance such as rock, paper, scissors. The Spy silently selects an object that is visible to all the players and does not reveal their choice. They then say, "I spy with my little eye something beginning with ...", naming the letter the chosen object starts with (e.g. "I


title: "I spy" content: John Cleese on How to Irritate People sketch in which two bored airline pilots are playing I Spy as a pastime while on cruise flight. I spy I spy is a guessing game where the "spy", or "it", says "I spy with my little eye ..." and players have to guess the object the Spy saw. The way players choose who will be the Spy/It can range from the noncompetitive alternating of turns to a game of skill/chance such as rock, paper, scissors. The Spy silently selects an object that is visible to all the players and does not reveal