title: "Topsham, Maine" content: George Way, later acquired by Richard Wharton and then, in 1714, by the Pejepscot Company. The first sawmill was built in 1716 on the Cathance River and, in 1717, the plantation received the name Topsham, named for Topsham in Devon, England. On January 31, 1764, it was incorporated as a town by the Massachusetts General Court. Shipbuilding and lumber mills were important early businesses, the latter especially active between 1750–1770. There was a gristmill and brickyard. Pejepscot Falls provided water power to operate mills, and industries included a door, window sash and stairway factory, shingle mill, watch factory, pottery maker,


title: Size content: Size Size is the magnitude or dimensions of a thing. Size can be measured as length, width, height, diameter, perimeter, area, volume, or mass. In mathematical terms, "size is a concept abstracted from the process of measuring by comparing a longer to a shorter". Size is determined by the process of comparing or measuring objects, which results in the determination of the magnitude of a quantity, such as length or mass, relative to a unit of measurement. Such a magnitude is usually expressed as a numerical value of units on a previously established spatial scale, such as meters or inches.


title: Size content: The sizes with which humans tend to be most familiar are body dimensions (measures of anthropometry), which include measures such as human height, and human body weight. These measures can, in the aggregate, allow the generation of commercially useful distributions of products that accommodate expected body sizes, as with the creation of clothing sizes and shoe sizes, and with the standardization of door frame dimensions, ceiling heights, and bed sizes. The human experience of size can lead to a psychological tendency towards size bias, wherein the relative importance or perceived complexity of organisms and other objects is judged based on


title: Size content: their size relative to humans, and particularly whether this size makes them easy to observe without aid. Humans most frequently perceive the size of objects through visual cues. One common means of perceiving size is to compare the size of a newly observed object with the size of a familiar object whose size is already known. Binocular vision gives humans the capacity for depth perception, which can be used to judge which of several objects is closer, and by how much, which allows for some estimation of the size of the more distant object relative to the closer object. The


title: Size content: perception of size can be distorted by manipulating these cues, for example through the creation of forced perspective. Some measures of size may also be determined by sound. Visually impaired humans often use echolocation to determine features of their surroundings, such as the size of spaces and objects. However, even humans who lack this ability can tell if a space that they are unable to see is large or small from hearing sounds echo in the space. Size can also be determined by touch, which is a process of haptic perception. The sizes of objects that can not readily be


title: Size content: measured merely by sensory input may be evaluated with other kinds of measuring instruments. For example, objects too small to be seen with the naked eye may be measured when viewed through a microscope, while objects too large to fit within the field of vision may be measured using a telescope, or through extrapolation from known reference points. However, even very advanced measuring devices may still present a limited field of view. Objects being described by their relative size are often described as being comparatively big and little, or large and small, although "big and little tend to carry affective


title: Size content: and evaluative connotations, whereas large and small tend to refer only to the size of a thing". A wide range of other terms exist to describe things by their relative size, with small things being described for example as tiny, miniature, or minuscule, and large things being described as, for example, huge, gigantic, or enormous. Objects are also typically described as tall or short specifically relative to their vertical height, and as long or short specifically relative to their length along other directions. Although the size of an object may be reflected in its mass or its weight, each of


title: Size content: these is a different concept. In scientific contexts, mass refers loosely to the amount of "matter" in an object (though "matter" may be difficult to define), whereas weight refers to the force experienced by an object due to gravity. An object with a mass of 1.0 kilogram will weigh approximately 9.81 newtons (newton is the unit of force, while kilogram is the unit of mass) on the surface of the Earth (its mass multiplied by the gravitational field strength). Its weight will be less on Mars (where gravity is weaker), more on Saturn, and negligible in space when far from


title: Size content: any significant source of gravity, but it will always have the same mass. Two objects of equal size, however, may have very different mass and weight, depending on the composition and density of the objects. By contrast, if two objects are known to have roughly the same composition, then some information about the size of one can be determined by measuring the size of the other, and determining the difference in weight between the two. For example, if two blocks of wood are equally dense, and it is known that one weighs ten kilograms and the other weighs twenty kilograms,


title: Size content: and that the ten kilogram block has a volume of one cubic foot, then it can be deduced that the twenty kilogram block has a volume of two cubic feet. The concept of size is often applied to ideas that have no physical reality. In mathematics, magnitude is the size of a mathematical object, which is an abstract object with no concrete existence. Magnitude is a property by which the object can be compared as larger or smaller than other objects of the same kind. More formally, an object's magnitude is an ordering (or ranking) of the class of objects


title: Size content: to which it belongs. There are various other mathematical concepts of size for sets, such as: In statistics (hypothesis testing), the "size" of the test refers to the rate of false positives, denoted by α. In astronomy, the magnitude of brightness or intensity of a star is measured on a logarithmic scale. Such a scale is also used to measure the intensity of an earthquake, and this intensity is often referred to as the "size" of the event. In computing, file size is a measure of the size of a computer file, typically measured in bytes. The actual amount of


title: "Andrew McMahon in the Wilderness (album)" content: in his Echo Park garage studio. McMahon took what he enjoyed while making the EP, namely the concept for getting into a studio and working on something in a timely manner, and applied it to the album's sessions. In December 2013, McMahon and Viola came up with a demo of "High Dive". The demo featured piano, programmed drums and guitar; after muting the guitar track, the pair were surprised at the clarity of the piano against the rest of the recording. It dawned on the pair that they could work around the production without needing to have too many layers


title: "USS Enterprise fire" content: Forrestal fire preceded the "Enterprise" fire by 18 months, but a number of improvements in the wake of the "Forrestal" tragedy helped reduce the damage. "Enterprise" departed Alameda for her fourth deployment to Vietnam, and eighth deployment overall, on January 6, 1969. At the time of the fire, the ship was off the coast of Hawaii, conducting a final battle drill and Operational Readiness Inspection before steaming for Vietnam. Personnel were aboard "Enterprise" to observe the ORI. At approximately 8:18 am, "Enterprise" was turning to port to conduct flight operations when a Zuni rocket, equipped with a 15-pound warhead of


title: "Kevin Riepl" content: Kevin Riepl Kevin Riepl is an American composer for video games, films and television series. He is best known for his work on the "Unreal" series of games, "Gears of War" and "". Riepl was born in Cliffwood Beach, New Jersey. His interest in music started at the age of six, when he began to play piano and guitar under the instruction of his uncle. In the fourth grade he began studies on the trumpet and piano and that continued throughout his high school years in which he was a member of a variety of bands and orchestras. After high


title: "Michelangelo di Pietro" content: Ghirlandaio and Filippino Lippi. The parish church of Santa Maria Assunta houses a fifteenth-century altarpiece painted by Michelangelo di Pietro. Michelangelo di Pietro Michelangelo di Pietro, also Michelangelo di Pietro Membrini and Master of the Lathrop Tondo, (active 1490-1520) was an Italian painter. His exact dates of birth and death are not known. The artist was previously only known as the Master of the Lathrop Tondo, until the works could be attributed to Michelangelo di Pietro in 1985. His works are characterized by an enameled, metallic finish and a decorative, linear Florentine School style. There is now approximately thirty paintings


title: "1880 Harvard Crimson football team" content: York reported that the game, played under the new 1880 rules of the Intercollegiate Football Association, was football in name only, but "in reality a series of wrestling encounters for possession of a large leather globe." 1880 Harvard Crimson football team The 1880 Harvard Crimson football team represented Harvard University in the 1880 college football season. The team finished with a 2–2–2 record. On November 6, 1880, Harvard defeated Columbia 3–0 before a crowd of about 300 who paid 50 cents to watch the game at the Polo Grounds in New York. Also at the Polo Grounds one week later,


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: and has the practical effect of requiring extra consideration for posting a standard speed limit sign in excess of . A non-numeric minimum speed limit is incorporated with the basic speed rule in Arizona, which also prohibits speeds higher than would be "reasonable and prudent". Night speed limit signs are posted on some roads within Tucson city limits that do not have street lights. Examples: Fort Lowell Road from Oracle Road to Country Club Road, 22nd Street from Interstate 10 to Cherry Avenue. Urban districts by default are posted at . Outside of the municipal limits, two-lane state and federal


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: 2017. The new 75 mph (121 km/h) speed limit doesn't apply to trucks. Trucks will still be limited to 70 mph. (Fact check, this provision was removed from act 1097.) As of October 31, 2017, the speed limit law is being broken into four categories: rural interstates, Urban Interstates, rural divided unlimited access highways, and two lane highways. There are studies being made to increase rural interstate speed limits to 75 mph (121 km/h), urban interstate speed limits to a uniform 65 mph (105 km/h) speed limit, rural divided unlimited access highways to 65 mph (105 km/h) unless the DOT


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: to create a new legal signage category, "Maximum Speed", to indicate to drivers that the did not apply for speeds over the federally mandated speed cap; rather, it would be a violation to exceed the fixed maximum speed indicated on the sign, regardless of whether the driver's speed could be considered "reasonable and prudent". A driver can receive a traffic citation for violating the even if their speed is below the "maximum speed limit" if road, weather, or traffic conditions make that speed unsafe. However, because the Basic Speed Law establishes "prima facie" limits, not absolute ones, they can also


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: Highways (such as US 98 along most of the state's panhandle). Florida typically does not post night speed limits, but there are a few exceptions. For the most part, these night time reduced speeds are located in wildlife preserves for such endangered species as the Florida panther and the key deer. Most of the Tamiami Trail through the Big Cypress National Preserve has a night speed limit. On some stretches of road where the speed limit is reduced at night, the daytime speed limit sign is non-reflective, such that at night, only the night limit is visible. Florida's minimum speed


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: as high as 70 mph, and some have already reflected this change, such as I-95 through Brunswick, I-85 in Gwinnett County, and I-75 in Macon, Valdosta, and Tifton. Most urban interstates, however, still remain at or below 65 mph. I-285 in the Atlanta area was recently increased from to (with Variable speed limits on the north portion). I-95 and I-16 through suburban Savannah (the 65 mph limit on I-95 is only for a 1.5 mile section in the vicinity of the I-16 interchange), I-16 from the interchange with I-75 in central Macon eastbound past Exit 2 is at 65 mph,


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: and I-185 in Columbus remain at 65 mph, while the Downtown Connector and portions of I-20 in Atlanta are posted as low as . Most non-interstate freeways such as SR 400 and the Athens perimeter highway, are posted at 55 to 65 mph. Four lane arterials and expressways can be posted as high as . However, Dillon's Rule enables counties outside municipalities to keep four-lane GRIP corridors at . However, in recent years, US 1 between Augusta and Wrens raised the speed limit to 65 mph. Other rural four-lane highways with a 65 mph include portions of US 441 near


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: will begin for other areas later of that summer. The bill also would raise truck and two-lane highway speed limits to . As of July 24, 2014, the new 80 mph signs are up on rural Idaho Interstates. On March 22, 2017 the speed limit on a four-lane, divided stretch of US 20 between Idaho Falls and Ashton was raised from to 70 mph. Interstate Highways in Illinois are usually posted with both minimum and maximum speed limits, except in some urban areas, particularly Chicago. The standard speed limit is 70 mph for rural freeways, a 45 mph minimum speed


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: exceed 45 mph on roads with higher speed limits while transporting students. At other times, the limit is 55 mph, unless on an Interstate highway, in which case the posted limit applies. Also the speed limit on county road is 30 MPH Fines for speeding are at least $50 by law. Exceeding the speed limit by 30 mph or more is considered a criminal offense. The speed limit on Maryland's Interstate Highways are posted by default at 65 mph although 70 mph limits can be posted after a traffic and engineering study. Effective October 1, 2015 the speed limit on


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: US 301 southbound at the Nice Bridge for the toll plaza. Two lane roads are generally posted at 50 mph but there are a handful of routes posted at 55 mph. It is more common to see 55 mph on the Eastern Shore and in Frederick and Carroll counties than the Baltimore-Washington corridor and Western Maryland. Two lane routes that have a speed limit of 55 mph enforce mandatory headlight use. Urban and downtown speed limits are generally posted at 30 mph. As prescribed by Massachusetts law, default speed limits are the following: State highways and other arterials are often


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: highways in Minnesota have a default speed limits of 55 mph although several 60 mph speed limits have been posted after a traffic and engineering study that will continue until 2019. County roads have speed limits of up to 55 mph for 2 lanes and 60 for divided sections. A speed limit of 70 mph is only allowed on Mississippi's rural freeways; only the Interstates (except I-110), U.S. Highway 78, Mississippi Highway 304, and a portion of U.S. Highway 82 have speed limits of 70 mph, with these lengths making up approximately 86% of the state's freeway mileage. A speed


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: be less. There are several that have a speed limit of 60 mph, though. In the urban areas of: St. Louis, Kansas City, Columbia, St. Joseph, and Springfield, the speed limit typically drops to 60 mph on Interstates and freeways. In addition, on I-44 in Rolla the speed limit is reduced to 60 mph from just west of Exit 184 to Exit 186 because of a substandard design. Freeway speed limits in urban areas can be as low as 45 or 50 mph in a few very short sections in downtown Kansas City and St. Louis, or as high as


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: speed measurements taken by IIHS showed 76 percent of cars in compliance with 75 mph on those roads. IIHS also found large trucks subject to Montana's unchanged 65 mph speed limit for large trucks on rural Interstates slowed down dramatically, from a mean speed of 70 mph in 1996 to 65 mph in 2006, with the 85th percentile large truck speed dropping 11 mph, from 79 mph in 1996 to 68 mph in 2006. Despite this reversal, Montana's then-governor, Marc Racicot, did not convene an emergency session of the legislature. Montana technically had no speed limit whatsoever until June 1999,


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: after the Montana legislature met in regular session and enacted a new law. The law's practical effect was to require numeric speed limits on all roads and disallow any speed limit higher than 75 mph (121 km/h). Montana law still contains a section that says "a person shall operate a vehicle in a careful and prudent manner and at a reduced rate of speed no greater than is reasonable and prudent under the conditions existing at the point of operation, taking into account the amount and character of traffic, visibility, weather, and roadway conditions." However, this is a standard clause


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: speed limit only applies to Interstate 80 between Omaha and Lincoln, and west of Lincoln to the Wyoming state line, as well as the small section of Interstate 76 that enters the southwestern corner of the state from Colorado to join I-80. Freeways and expressways in urban areas are posted at 65 mph. The speed limit in rural areas of Nebraska is 65 mph unless otherwise posted, although rural divided highways and Super two highways are posted at 70 mph. The most recent change to Nebraska's speed limits was enacted on April 17, 2018, which resulted in all maximum speed


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: certain sections of US 6 and 50 as they cross the Nevada desert. Speed limits are 15 to 25 mph in school zones and 25 to 30 mph in residential districts. In 2015, the Nevada State Legislature voted to increase the statewide maximum speed limit to 80 mph to take effect in October of that year. However, between October 2015 and May 2017, no 80 mph speed limits were posted in the state. On May 8th, 2017, the Nevada DOT installed 80 mph speed limit signs on the 130 mile stretch of I-80 between Fernley and Winnemucca, excluding the Lovelock


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: mph. The minimum limit that a speed can be set in a rural or urban district is 25 mph. The speed limit on Interstate 93 through Franconia Notch State Park falls to 45 mph where the highway narrows to one lane in each direction, but rises back to 70 mph (in 10 mph increments going south) once the highway leaves Franconia Notch. Interstate 393 in Concord has a 55 mph posted speed limit for its entire length, with the exception of 45 mph and 35 mph zones on the westbound portion closest to the city center and the end of


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: the highway. Interstate 293's speed limit through downtown Manchester falls to 50 mph as it runs along the Merrimack River, but increases to 55 mph on either side of the city center. Prior to 1974, the New Hampshire Turnpike, along with rural sections of Interstates 89 and 93, were posted at 70 mph. New Jersey's only statutory speed limits are 50 mph rural, 25 mph urban. Since the state is largely suburbanized, it ranges between 25–50 mph depending the jurisdiction of the road and whether the municipality is township, village, borough or city status. The common limited access freeway speed


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: limit is 65 mph. However, shorter length freeways such as US 202, Route 15, and Route 33 remain at 55 mph. In all 65 mph speed zones, the fines for speeding and other moving violations are doubled. This was the condition set for higher speed limits in New Jersey back in the late 1990s. Urban freeway speed limits are 50 to 55 mph. However, some freeways in urban areas retain a 65 mph speed limit such as the New Jersey Turnpike up to Exit 13 (Interstate 278), I-80 from the Delaware Water Gap (Exit 4) to the Passaic River (Exit


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: lane surface roads posted at 55 mph in New Jersey are County Route 539, Route 70, and Route 72 in the Pine Barrens of Ocean and Burlington Counties and Route 54 in Atlantic County. The Route 33 Freehold Bypass section where it is a super two freeway is also 55 mph. Urban two lane roads in boroughs and cities are typically 25 mph or 35 mph. Residential streets at the municipal or county level are generally posted at 25 mph speed limits in boroughs and cities. However, they can be as high as 40 to 45 mph at the county


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: wartime, New Mexico had no default numeric speed limit until the early 1950s. Prior to the national 55 mph limit in 1974, the speed limit on rural Interstates was 75 miles per hour during the day and 70 mph at night. Primary highways in open areas had daytime speed limits of 70 mph and nighttime ones of 60 mph. Secondary highways in open areas had daytime speed limits of 60 mph and nighttime ones of 50 mph. Before the end of federal speed controls, the maximum speed limit was 65 mph on Interstate routes and 55 mph elsewhere. In May


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: mph limit; New Mexico, Nevada (US 95 south of US 93), and Texas are the only three states with 75 mph limits on roads that aren't freeways. There is no statutory requirement for reduced speeds on urban freeways so that, for example at Santa Fe and Las Vegas the speed limit remains 75 mph on I-25. New Mexico, Kansas, North Dakota, Colorado, and Texas are the only states to have a speed limit greater than 70 mph in urban highways. Nonetheless, there are 65 mph limits on freeways in more heavily urbanized areas such as Albuquerque and Las Cruces. Other


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: other state maintained roads may have speed limits of up to 75 mph. Four-lane divided highways in open areas often have 65 mph limits, with some 70 mph limits, such as almost the entire length of US 550 from Bloomfield to Bernalillo. There is a trend toward posting a 70 mph limit on these highways, such as the recent 70 mph speed limit posting (increased from 65 mph) on a 23-mile stretch of U.S. 70 west of Roswell. Primary two-lane highways in open areas with parking shoulders often have 65 mph limits. Most primary two-lane highways without parking shoulders in


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: allows villages, cities, towns with more than 50,000 residents, and certain towns defined by law to be "suburban" to set speed limits on state, county, and local roads within their borders. There is no state law regarding minimum speed limits, but minimum speed limit of 40 mph has been set on the entire length of Interstate 787 and the entire length of Interstate 495 (the Long Island Expressway). The New York State Thruway does not have a firm minimum speed, but there are signs advising drivers to use their flashers when traveling at speeds below 40 mph. While New York


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: ramifications, the state's electronic toll collection system can not be used for speed enforcement. Many expressways and parkways in the New York City suburbs were posted as high as 65 mph. During the 1973 Oil Embargo, New York lowered its speed limit to 50. The National Maximum Speed Law brought statewide speed limits up to 55. The city of New York, being a city, retained the 50 mph speed limit. New York did not take advantage of the 1987 Congressional provision allowing 65 mph zones on rural freeways, instead waiting until NMSL's repeal in late 1995 (actually, portions of the


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: NY State Thruway, I-88, I-84 {west of the Hudson River}, I-81 and the Adirondack Northway {I-87 north of exit 7} were increased to 65 mph on August 1, 1995, prior to the elimination of the NMSL). Until September 2003, the state legislature needed to approve individual 65 mph zones, a lengthy process taking months or years of politically motivated debate. Then-Governor George Pataki signed legislation in September 2003 that enables NYSDOT and New York State Thruway Authority to raise speed limits to 65 mph on its roads that meet established design and safety standards. This legislation became active in March


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: speed limit. Three to eight lane boulevards with or without center turn lanes, range from 35 mph to 50 mph within municipal limits statewide. It is rare that NCDOT will assign a speed drop greater than 20 mph. In Bertie County, the US 17 bypass in Windsor drops from 70 mph to 45 mph. In Moore County, Shady Lane Road outside of Carthage in the Hillcrest community drops from 55 mph to 30 mph. School zone speed limits generally entail a 10 to 20 mph reduction below the original speed limit during times of day used for school arrivals and


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: departures. Such a speed limit would be indicated when entering the school zone. Also, the default or modified speed limit is indicated after leaving the school zone. A school zone speed limit cannot be less than 20 mph. Military bases are generally posted at a maximum of 50 mph. As of May 2010, Fort Bragg military two-lane roadways are now posted at 55 mph instead of 50 mph. Prior to May 2010, the speed limits higher than 50 mph through military bases were only on N.C. Highway 690 along the north side of Fort Bragg, Murchison Road (also known as


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: 2012 and Aviation Parkway (from south of Globe Rd to Airport Blvd) as of July 2014, which are both in Raleigh. 60 mph speed limits along non-freeway segments are growing in popularity and have replaced 55 mph limits on several boulevard and expressway segments throughout the state. The boulevard speed limit changes go against the NCDOT rationale behind signing 60 mph speed limits along only freeway and expressway segments. As of June 1, 2008, some examples of the affected boulevards are US 17 north of Elizabeth City, US 74 east of Wadesboro and NC 11 in Pitt County. 60 mph


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: Safe Driving Incentive Plan (SDIP), a program that leads to insurance surcharges for moving violations based on a point system. In general, for speeding violations less than 10 mph over the posted speed limit in a speed zone less than 55 mph, one point is assessed; two points are assessed for exceeding 10 mph over the limit or speeding in a zone with a speed limit of greater than 55 mph. A driver's licence will be suspended for travelling faster than 15 mph over the speed limit, provided the speed travelled is greater than 55 mph; suspensions can result for


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: other speeding infractions, such as travelling faster than 75 mph in a 65 mph or less zone or faster than 80 mph in a 70 mph zone. North Dakota's major interstates, I-29 and I-94, hold a 75 mph speed limit in most rural areas, with 55-75 mph zones within portions of the Fargo and Bismarck/Mandan urban areas (I-29 in Grand Forks is signed at 75 mph). The state's 4 lane Divided Highways as well as 2 short stretches of undivided 4 lane highways (US 2 around Rugby and U.S. 83 as it passes the eastern Lake Sakakawea Reservoir) usually carry


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: a 70 mph limit, with 2 lane restricted to up to a 65 mph limit, and gravel roads have up to 55 mph limits. Roads within cities hold their own defined limits with 25 MPH speed limits common in residential streets and 25-40 mph limits on Urban 4-6 lane divided and undivided streets, with school zones at 15–25 mph. On January 3, 2017, a bill was introduced to increase the rural speed limit on I-29 and I-94 to 80 mph. The bill also would have called for 75 mph speed limits on 4-lane divided highways and 70 mph speed limits


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: of Interstate 76 and Interstate 77 in downtown Akron had a maximum speed limit of 50 mph and a minimum speed limit of 35 mph. School zones in Ohio normally have a 20 mph speed limit, regardless of the road's normal speed limit, in effect during school hours. In Oklahoma, the maximum posted speed limit is 75 miles per hour on turnpikes and 70 mph on all other freeways. Most other rural highways, divided or undivided, have a 65 mph speed limit (although some rural divided highways have a 70 mph limit). The minimum speed limit on almost all Interstate


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: from a low of 40 mph in downtown Pittsburgh and Philadelphia to a high of 70 mph in some suburban areas. In 1940, when the Pennsylvania Turnpike was opened between Irwin and Carlisle, the entire 160 mile limited-access toll road did not have a speed limit, similar to that of the German Autobahns. In 1941, a speed limit of 70 mph (113 km/h) was established, only to be reduced to 35 mph (56 km/h) during the war years (1942–45). After WWII, the limit was raised to 70 mph on the four-lane sections, with the two-lane tunnels having 50 mph (80


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: km/h) for cars and 40 mph (64 km/h) for trucks. Prior to the 1974 federal speed limit law, all Interstates and the Turnpike had a 65 mph (105 km/h) speed limit on rural stretches and 60 mph (97 km/h) speed limit in urban areas. In 1995, the state raised the speed limit on rural stretches of Interstate Highways and the Pennsylvania Turnpike system to 65 mph (105 km/h), with urban areas having a 55 mph (89 km/h) limit. In 1997, PennDOT raised the speed limit to some rural non-Interstate Highway bypasses to 65 mph (105 km/h). In 2005, with the


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: zones and tunnels, at mainline toll plazas, on the eastern approach of the Allegheny Mountain Tunnel, and between Bensalem and the Delaware River Bridge. The speed limit will also be increased to on of highway maintained by PennDOT, including rural stretches of I-79, I-80, I-99, I-380, and US 15. On non-freeway roads, speed limits are generally held at 55 mph (89 km/h) for rural four-lane roads, 55 mph (89 km/h) for rural two-lane roads, 45–55 mph (72–89 km/h) for urban four lane roads and 40–45 (sometimes, but rarely, 50 mph) mph (64–72 km/h) for urban two lane roads, 35–45 mph


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: other roads are restricted to a maximum speed of 25 mph. Only rural school zones have the higher 25 mph limit. Speed limits for "heavy motor vehicles", such as school buses, are always 10 mph lower than that allowed for lighter vehicles, except in urban school zones where the limit is 20 mph. Vehicles carrying hazardous materials are limited to 30 mph in rural areas and 20 mph in urban ones. Along two-lane roadways, the default speed limit is 50 mph during the daytime outside a business or residential district. "Daytime" means a half-hour before sunset and a half-hour after


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: Four-lane arterials by default are posted at 60 mph. Four-lane bypasses at 60 mph can be found in Marion and Sumter, but others remain at 55 mph. It is not uncommon that 55 mph can be expected in more built-up areas prior to municipalities and/or if the engineering on the highway is below standards. However, U.S. Route 123 has a divided segment where the speed limit is 65 mph. Two-lane roads are 55 mph by default. However, a handful of counties maintained as either state secondary roads or county roads are posted at 45 mph. Central business districts (CBDs) are


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: posted at 30 mph. Unlike North Carolina with their default downtown speed limit of 20 mph, they are rare to find in South Carolina in downtown areas. A recent trend is occurring with CBD speed limits that they are being signed at 25 mph in random municipalities around the state. Speed limit drops generally are done in 10 mph increments but 20 mph are not uncommon. Improvements in the mid-2000s were done by SCDOT to warn motorists ahead of time for speed drops on various roadways. However, there are still some roadways that have not received that treatment. However, there


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: are a couple roadways that get 25 mph to 30 mph drops as well. The speed limit drops from 55 mph to 25 mph at a traffic circle with US 378 and SC 391 in eastern Saluda County. On US 52 northbound approaching Kingstree, the speed limit drops from 60 mph to 35 mph Shortly after the December 1995 repeal of the 65/55 mph National Maximum Speed Law, South Dakota raised its general rural speed limits to 75 mph on freeways and 65 mph on other roads along with 70 on a few 4 lane divided highways. Almost a decade


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: after posting the 75 mph limit, average speeds on South Dakotan rural freeways remain at or below the speed limit. In the urban areas of Sioux Falls and Rapid city, a 65 mph speed limit is posted on Interstates 90 and 29. In March 2015, SD State Legislature has passed the bill to raise the speed limit on Interstate 29 and Interstate 90 to 80 mph. It was signed into law and took effect in April 2015. While the 80 MPH speed limit was initially signed on all rural freeways in the state, the Interstate 90 stretch from Rapid City


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: to the Wyoming Border returned to 75 mph due to safety concerns. Tennessee generally posts its rural interstates at 70 mph. These include all of the state's two-digit Interstates except Interstate 55 and Interstate 26. The only auxiliary interstates in Tennessee with a 70 mph speed limit are Interstate 155 and Interstate 840. 70 mph speed limits are allowed on all other controlled access highways, and are found on controlled-access portions of U.S. 51 and S.R. 22, 111, 386, and 396. In 70 mph zones, the default minimum speed limit is 55. Urban interstates are generally posted at 55 to


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: environmental speed limits, speed limits were raised higher than they were before the environmental speed limits were enacted. Because Texas law allows 75 mph speed limits on any numbered state highway or city maintained road, it is the only state with 75 mph limits on two-lane roads. Speed studies undertaken by TxDOT in response to legislation passed in 2011 took about 2 years, and the result is that the mileage of highway with a speed limit of 75 mph has increased from about 1,400 to about 19,000. 70 mph speed limits have become rare on Texas interstates. They are retained


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: towns, these vehicles are limited to 20 mph. "Motor trucks and buses" are limited to 40 mph on St. Croix's main divided highway, 30 mph on other highways outside of towns, and 15 mph within towns. In Utah, there is a minimum speed limit of 45 mph on Interstate Highways when conditions permit. The maximum speed limit on Interstates is normally 70 mph in cities and, on most highways, 80 mph elsewhere. UDOT has now implemented HB83, raising the speed limit to 80 mph on an additional 289 miles of rural interstate, including I-80 from Nevada to mile marker 99,


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: Bennington. Rural freeways are posted at 65 mph. Furthermore, the speed limit drops from 65 mph on rural highways to 40 mph at the approach to the Canada–US border on Interstates 89 and 91, at Highgate and Derby Line, respectively. In school zones, the speed limit can range from 20 mph to 25 mph, depending on local authority. The minimum speed is defined at 40 mph only on Interstate highways. That includes where the limit is posted at 55 and 65 mph. However, as old signs are being replaced, the "40 MINIMUM" is being phased out, keeping only "SPEED LIMIT


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: well as high-occupancy/toll "Express Lanes" on I-495 and I-95, and HOT/HOV lanes on I-395, all in Northern Virginia.) The statute also allows 60-mph speed limits on a number of specified non-limited access, multilane, divided highways. The 70-mph provision was added to Section 46.2-870 via an amendment effective on July 1, 2010. The previous version of the statute had authorized a 70-mph speed limit only on I-85; the maximum limit permitted elsewhere was 65 mph. Notably, the revised statute does not "require" a 70-mph speed limit on any road nor make such limit automatic, due to the requirement for traffic and


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: would post 70-mph speed limits on 680 miles of Virginia Interstates located outside of urban areas, representing 61 percent of Virginia's total 1,119 miles of Interstate highways. While the statute allows for speed limits up to 70 mph on urban Interstates, as of March 2015 VDOT has declined to post a limit higher than 65 mph on any urban highway other than I-295 in Richmond. The statute also allows 70-mph speed limits on routes other than Interstates. Initially VDOT declined to consider any such routes for the higher limit, but in early 2012 VDOT posted a 70-mph limit on a


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: 75 mph on rural interstates where deemed safe. On January 10, 2018, West Virginia lawmakers made a bill which would increase speed limits on interstates and limited access highways in rural areas to 80 mph. If that is done, West Virginia could become the 8th state to increase its speed limit to 80 mph, and it would be the third eastern state with a speed limit of greater than 70 mph. The state of Wisconsin's speed limits are set out in statutory law but may often be modified by the maintaining government entity. In addition to a basic speed rule,


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: Wisconsin law specifies certain occasions where reduced speeds are required includingand not limited to the approaches and traverses of rail crossings, winding roads, roads where people are present, and the crests of grades. Although there is no numeric minimum speed limit, state law prohibits the impediment of traffic by unreasonably slow speeds. Vehicles that lack rubber tires filled with compressed air and/or carry a slow moving vehicle orange safety triangle have a hard limit of 20 mph. The state of Wisconsin has four default speed limits. 20 mph limits apply in school zones (on major roads during school arrival and


title: "Speed limits in the United States by jurisdiction" content: roads is 55 mph as they do not directly interact with the built-up environment. In the densest urban districts a statutory 25 mph limit is effective when adequate signage is used, as are 35 mph limits in areas of light development. The same applies to 45 mph limits on highways designated as "rustic" roads. However, "an alleged failure to post [such a speed limit sign] is not a defense to a prosecution" in the case of such statutory limits. Wyoming's highest speed limit is 80 mph, found on its Interstate highways, and 70 mph on its four lane divided highways.


title: "John Deere Powershift transmission" content: John Deere Powershift transmission The John Deere PowerShift transmission was an eight-speed automatic transmission without a torque converter, used in John Deere tractors, including the iconic John Deere Model 4020. The Powershift is not to be confused with similar John Deere transmissions (including the Quad-Range and the PowrQuad), or with the Ford Ultra Command Powershift or the Allis Chalmers Power Director. The PowerShift was dropped in favor of the PowrQuad during the 1980s, and reintroduced in the 90s as a 16-speed model built by Funk, a company which was eventually purchased by John Deere. The 16-speed version was also used


title: "John Deere Powershift transmission" content: in the Ford 8630 series tractors as an 18-speed Funk Ultra Command. John Deere Powershift transmission The John Deere PowerShift transmission was an eight-speed automatic transmission without a torque converter, used in John Deere tractors, including the iconic John Deere Model 4020. The Powershift is not to be confused with similar John Deere transmissions (including the Quad-Range and the PowrQuad), or with the Ford Ultra Command Powershift or the Allis Chalmers Power Director. The PowerShift was dropped in favor of the PowrQuad during the 1980s, and reintroduced in the 90s as a 16-speed model built by Funk, a company which


title: "Maisie Carr" content: diligence was evident at an early age; in 1920 she won £2 in a competition for finding the largest number (87) of Australian postal towns within the letters of "AUSTRALBA TOOTH PASTE" (the sponsor of the competition). After graduation she returned to her old primary school as a junior teacher while at night studying zoology and geology at Austral Coaching College. Maisie attended University of Melbourne (on a Teachers' College secondary studentship) being awarded B.Sc.,1935 and M.Sc. in Botany, 1936. Maisie's academic abilities won her a number of scholarships. In March 1935, she was awarded the Howitt natural history scholarship,


title: "Chile at the 2015 Pan American Games" content: (16 men and 16 women). ---- Chile qualified 8 athletes. Chile has qualified one athlete. Chile has qualified a men's and women's teams. Each team will consist of 15 athletes, for a total of 30. Chile has qualified a team of four judokas (two men and two women). Chile qualified 8 athletes. Chile qualified a team of 4 athletes (2 men and 2 women). Chile qualified a team of two women. Chile qualified a full team of six athletes (three men and three women). Chile qualified one skater in each event. Chile qualified two men and two women. Chile qualified


title: "Chile at the 2015 Pan American Games" content: 9 boats. Chile has qualified a men's team for a total of 12 athletes. Chile qualified seven boats and 14 sailors. Chile qualified ten shooters. Chile has qualified a duet team of two athletes. Chile has qualified a full team of 3 male and 3 female athletes Chile has qualified a team of 5 athletes (3 men´s and 2 women´s). Men Women Chile nominated 5 tennis players (2 men and 3 women) to compete in the tournament. Men Women Mixed Chile qualified four water skiers (two men and two women). Chile has qualified a team of 4 athletes (2 men


title: "Colombia at the 2015 Pan American Games" content: discipline (1 in men's kayak, 4 in women's kayak and 1 in men's canoe). Colombia qualified six divers (four men and two women). Colombia qualified 13 fencers (9 men, 4 women). Colombia qualified a women's team of 18 athletes. Colombia qualified a full team of four golfers. Colombia won all three gold medals that were available in the sport. Colombia qualified twelve gymnasts (six of each gender) across all three disciplines. Colombia qualified gymnasts. Colombia qualified one rhythmic gymnast. Colombia qualified 1 trampoline gymnast. Colombia qualified a team of nine judokas (three men and six women). Colombia qualified 4 athletes.


title: "Costa Rica at the 2015 Pan American Games" content: two women). Costa Rica qualified a women's pair for a total of two athletes. Costa Rica has qualified four male boxers. Costa Rica qualified the following boats: Costa Rica qualified a full dressage team of four athletes, however only 3 were selected to compete. Costa Rica has qualified 1 fencer (1 woman). Costa Rica's women's football team (of 18 athletes) qualified to compete at the games after winning the Central American qualifying tournament. Costa Rica qualified one male golfer. Costa Rica qualified one male gymnast. Costa Rica qualified one woman judoka. Costa Rica qualified 1 male athlete. Costa Rica qualified


title: "Costa Rica at the 2015 Pan American Games" content: a team of three men. Costa Rica has qualified two athletes (one male and one female) in the speed competitions. Originally the country had qualified two female athletes in the speed events, but ultimately it chose to only send one. Costa Rica received a wildcard to enter one male shooter. Costa Rica qualified five swimmers (3 male and 2 female). Costa Rica qualified a duet of two athletes. Costa Rica has qualified a team of one female athlete. Costa Rica qualified one athlete in the men's singles event. Costa Rica qualified two triathletes, one per gender. Costa Rica qualified a


title: "Cuba at the 2015 Pan American Games" content: and last place. Cuba qualified 17 gymnasts. Cuba qualified a full team of 10 artistic gymnasts. Cuba qualified a team of seven rhythmic gymnasts (six in group and one in individual). Cuba qualified a men's and women's teams. Each team will consist of 15 athletes, for a total of 30. Cuba qualified a full team of fourteen judokas (seven men and seven women). Cuba qualified 3 athletes. Cuba qualified a team of 4 athletes (2 men and 2 women). Cuba qualified all 14 boats. The final team consisted of 22 athletes (15 men and 7 women). Cuba qualified 2 boats


title: "Cuba at the 2015 Pan American Games" content: (three athletes). Cuba qualified 17 shooters. Cuba qualified a women's squad of 15 athletes. Cuba qualified a full team of nine athletes. Cuba qualified a men's and women's team, for a total of six athletes. Cuba received two wildcard spots in the men's events. Cuba qualified a team of seven athletes (three men and four women). Cuba qualified a men's and women's volleyball team, for a total of 24 athletes (12 men and 12 women). Cuba qualified a men's and women's teams. Each team will consist of 13 athletes, for a total of 26. Cuba qualified a team of 8


title: "Ecuador at the 2015 Pan American Games" content: in men's canoe and 1 in women's canoe). Ecuador qualified one male diver. Ecuador has qualified a women's team of 18 athletes. Ecuador qualified a full team of four golfers. Ecuador qualified 2 gymnasts. Ecuador has qualified one athlete. Ecuador has qualified a team of ten judokas (three men and seven women). Ecuador qualified 6 karatekas. Ecuador has qualified a team of 3 athletes (2 men and 1 woman). Ecuador has qualified a team of three men and two women for a total of five athletes. Ecuador has qualified a total of four athletes (one man in speed, and three


title: "Ecuador at the 2015 Pan American Games" content: women, two in speed and one in the figure competition). Ecuador qualified 4 boats. Ecuador has qualified seven shooters. Ecuador has qualified a men's team and a single woman. Ecuador has qualified a team of one female athlete, and also received a wildcard to enter a male athlete. Ecuador has been reallocated a men's water polo team. The Ecuadorian men's team lost all of its matches and finished in eighth and last place. Ecuador qualified one athlete in the wakeboarding competition. Ecuador has qualified a team of 9 athletes (5 men and 4 women). Ecuador at the 2015 Pan American


title: "Guatemala at the 2015 Pan American Games" content: seven athletes (six men and one woman). Guatemala has qualified a full team of eight athletes (four men and four women). Guatemala has qualified a men's and women's pair for a total of four athletes. Guatemala qualified five male boxers. Guatemala has received one wildcard in men's kayak. Guatemala has qualified nine cyclists (three men and six women). Some of the athletes will compete in multiple disciplines. Six cyclists competed for Guatemala in the road competitions. Guatemala entered one male mountain biker. Guatemala has qualified one male fencer. Guatemala qualified a full team of four golfers. Guatemala qualified 2 gymnasts.


title: "Guatemala at the 2015 Pan American Games" content: Guatemala has qualified a team of three female judokas. Guatemala has qualified a team of 5 athletes (2 men and 3 women). Guatemala qualified a team of two men and two women for a total of four athletes. Guatemala has qualified two athletes (one male and one female) in the speed competitions. Guatemala has qualified 4 boats. Guatemala qualified 4 boats (five athletes). Guatemala has qualified a full team of six athletes (three men and three women). Guatemala qualified 21 shooters (14 male and 7 female). Guatemala qualified eight swimmers (three men and five women). Guatemala qualified a duet. The


title: "Haiti at the 2015 Pan American Games" content: male universality spot. Haiti received a wildcard to enter one female athlete. Haiti qualified one male weightlifter. Haiti later received a wildcard to enter a female athlete. Haiti received one wildcard. Haiti at the 2015 Pan American Games Haiti competed at the 2015 Pan American Games in Toronto, Ontario, Canada from July 10 to 26, 2015. On July 3, 2015 a team of 11 athletes in 5 sports was announced by the Comité Olympique Haïtien. Weightlifter Edouard Joseph was the flagbearer for the team during the opening ceremony. Haiti (along with nine other countries) left the games without winning a


title: "Puerto Rico at the 2015 Pan American Games" content: Puerto Rico qualified one male roller skater. Puerto Rico qualified 4 boats (6 sailors). Puerto Rico qualified nine shooters. Puerto Rico qualified a women's squad of 15 athletes. Puerto Rico qualified a men's and women's team for a total of six athletes. Puerto Rico qualified a team of six athletes (three men and three women). Puerto Rico qualified one female tennis player. Puerto Rico qualified a men's and women's volleyball team, for a total of 24 athletes (12 men and 12 women). |} |} Puerto Rico qualified a women's team. The team consists of 13 athletes. The men's team also


title: "Peru at the 2015 Pan American Games" content: entered one athlete into the individual competition. Peru qualified 1 fencer (1 woman). Peru qualified a men's team of 18 athletes. Peru qualified a full team of four golfers. Peru qualified 4 athletes. Peru qualified a team of four male judokas. Peru qualified 3 athletes. Peru qualified a team of 3 athletes (2 men and 1 woman). Peru qualified 2 boats and three male athletes. Peru qualified 6 boats (10 sailors). Peru qualified ten shooters. Peru qualified a full team of nine athletes in the team competition only, after Colombia declined its quota earned at the 2014 South American Aquatics


title: "Peru at the 2015 Pan American Games" content: Championships. Maria Castillo was the 9th member of the team (reserve) and did not compete in either round of the team competition. Peru has qualified a women's team and three single men. Peru qualified a team of three athletes (one man and two women). Peru qualified one athlete in the women's singles event. Peru qualified a women's team of 12 athletes. Peru qualified a team of four water skiing athletes. Peru qualified a team of 4 athletes (2 men and 2 women). Peru qualified 7 wrestlers. Peru at the 2015 Pan American Games Peru competed in the 2015 Pan American


title: "Panama at the 2015 Pan American Games" content: gymnasts. Panama has qualified one male artistic gymnast. Panama has qualified one female artistic gymnast. Panama has qualified a team of 3 athletes (2 men and 1 woman). However, Panama did not register its female athlete for this event. Panama qualified four shooters. Panama qualified two swimmers (one man and one woman). Panama qualified a team of one female athlete, and also received a wildcard to enter a male athlete. Panama has received a wildcard to enter one male triathlete. Panama qualified one male and one female weightlifter. Panama qualified two male wrestlers. Panama at the 2015 Pan American Games


title: "Denzel Curry" content: ASAP Ferg, which also featured Jay IDK. It was first performed live in Houston on March 11, during their collaborative tour. On March 16, 2018, he uploaded the song "Uh Huh," once again featuring Jay IDK, onto his official YouTube channel. On April 2, 2018, Curry released the lead single off of "Ta13oo" titled, "Sumo" on Zane Lowe's Beats 1 radio show. On May 24, 2018, Curry released the second single off the album titled, "Percs". Curry then released the third single titled, "Clout Cobain", on July 13, 2018, and announced that his album "Ta13oo", would be released in three


title: "Wrestle Kingdom 9" content: (Death Valley driver) on the entrance ramp, and the "D.I.D." submission. After they battled on the top rope, Tanahashi missed a "High Fly Flow" but countered Okada's "Rainmaker". The momentum shifted to Tanahashi as he performed a dragon screw legwhip and continued attacking Okada's leg. Tanahashi later dove off the top rope and over the guard rail with a "High Fly Flow" crossbody to Okada on the floor outside of the ring. After Tanahashi tried another "High Fly Flow" crossbody back in the ring, Okada rolled through for a Tombstone piledriver, which Tanahashi countered with his own Tombstone. Although Tanahashi


title: "Flora of the Colorado Desert" content: Flora of the Colorado Desert Flora of the Colorado Desert, located in Southern California. The Colorado Desert is a sub-region in the Sonoran Desert ecoregion of southwestern North America. It is also known as the Low Desert, in contrast to the higher elevation Mojave Desert or High Desert, to its north. The desert flora comprises terrestrial plant communities including: creosote bush scrub; alkali sink, desert dry wash, mixed scrub; desert saltbush; sandy soil grasslands; desert dunes. The higher elevation Madrean Sky Islands are dominated by pinyon pine and California juniper ("Juniperus californica"), with areas of Manzanita and Coulter pine ("Pinus


title: "Colt Park" content: Colt Park Colt Park is a city park in the southeast Hartford, Connecticut neighborhood of Sheldon/Charter Oak. The park was established from the former Armsmear Estate of Samuel Colt and Elizabeth Jarvis Colt which was gifted to the city upon her death in 1905. Today the park is home to playgrounds, sports fields, a skating rink and Dillon Stadium. Colt Park was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 8, 1976, designated as part of the Colt Industrial District, valued for its association with industrialist Samuel Colt. It is bounded by Wawarme, Wethersfield, Hendricsen, Van Dyke Avenues


title: "Lenny McNab" content: with a long sleeve button down shirt, overalls, topped with a derby hat. Although McNab was declared the winner of the tenth season of "Food Network Star", a series for him never materialized. Days after he was crowned the winner, news outlets reported blog posts featuring racist, homophobic and misogynistic comments made by him, with several comments targeted at fellow Food Network chef Ree Drummond. Lenny McNab Lenny McNab is an American chef who is best known as the winner of the tenth season of the Food Network television series "Food Network Star". He defeated runner-up Luca Della Casa on


title: "James C. Loving" content: James C. Loving James C. Loving (1836–1902) was an American cattleman and rancher in Texas. He raised "the largest purebred shorthorn herd" in the United States by the end of the nineteenth century. He was a co-founder of the Texas and Southwestern Cattle Raisers Association and served as its secretary for twenty-seven years. James Carrol Loving was born on June 6, 1836 in Hopkins County, Kentucky. His father, Oliver Loving (1812-1867), was a cattleman and drover, and his mother was Susan Daggett Morgan Loving (1809-1884). In 1845, they moved to Texas, eventually settling down in Palo Pinto County, Texas. During


title: "International Tent Pegging Federation" content: of tent pegging to all the equestrian players who came there from all over the world. Malik Ata taugh them the basics of tent pegging, rules, methods how tent pegging is done. Haroon Bandial, Namdar Rehmat, Syed Wamiq Shah and Raja Zarrar Sajjad were part of the team. International Tent Pegging Federation The International Tent Pegging Federation (ITPF, ), formerly known as the World Tent Pegging Federation is the international governing body of tent pegging. The ITPF is responsible for the organisation of tent pegging's major international tournaments, notably the World Cup which commenced in 2014, and other international events.


title: "Kande (Nepal)" content: are many festivals like Bishpati, where the brothers and sisters-in-law have a funny fight using water and stinging nettle (sisnu). Dashain and Tihar are also equally celebrated. Cricket is a very popular sport in Kande, and Kande has won many regional competitions. Beside cricket, Volleyball is another game which is equally played by the people of Kande Rataidi Cricket Club and Bootstar Vollyball team are the respective cricket and vollyball teams. Mostly, the users of sky phone, namaste, and ncell are found in Kanday. The majority of people are interested in social networks like facebook. It holds a radio station


title: "Cortez Coleman" content: unanimous decision. Coleman then faced Keith Berry at Bellator 96 on June 19, 2013. Coleman lost a split decision. Coleman faced Jonas Billstein on November 8, 2013 at Bellator 107. Coleman lost via unanimous decision. On March 7, 2014, Coleman defeated Daniel Miller via submission due to strikes at Bellator 111. Coleman faced Joe Vedepo on June 6, 2014 at Bellator 121. Coleman lost via majority decision. Coleman moved down to the welterweight division and faced Will Florentino at Bellator 128 on October 10, 2014. He won the fight via unanimous decision. Cortez grew up in the small town of


title: "Chalet Eugenia" content: 'Dangerous Friends' and in 1960 he married Deborah Kerr in Klosters. In more recent history other regulars include, Lord Mandelson, billionaires Nathaniel Philip Rothschild, and Peter Munk Benjamin Wegg-Prosser, Tara Palmer-Tomkinson, Sir Simon Robertson, Rupert Everett, John Fairchild, Nicholas Wheeler, Chrissie Rucker and Swiss movie producer Marc Forster. In 2010 Prince Andrew rented out Chalet Eugenia for 2 consecutive years during the Davos World Economic Forum. He reportedly hosted Lord Mandelson and George Osborne in 2009. Chalet Eugenia The Chalet Eugenia is a chalet in Klosters and has been used by the British Royal Family for over three decades. Chalet


title: "Concord and Montreal Railroad" content: Concord and Montreal Railroad The Concord and Montreal Railroad was a railroad incorporated in 1889 out of a merger between the Boston, Concord and Montreal Railroad and the Concord Railroad. The Boston, Concord and Montreal had previously become the Northern Division of the Boston and Lowell Railroad, following an 1884 leasing agreement. The Boston and Lowell was then leased by the Boston and Maine Railroad in 1887, bringing the BC&M under the Boston and Maine's control. The merger with the Concord Railroad in 1889 led to the Concord and Montreal being under its own, independent control upon its incorporation. However,


title: Shravandanahalli content: has donated 100 acres of land to a primary school. The high school is called Sri Mahadeshwara Rurual High school. Sri T V Venkataswamy , Madhugiri is the founder of this institution. Most religious groups reside peacefully in this village. There is a famous temple of holy god Sri Mahadeshvara in this village. Shravandanahalli This is the True story of Shravandanahalli village located in Madhugiri Taluk Tumkur District shravandanahalli is a remote village in Madhugiri taluk, Tumkur district of Karnataka, India. This small village is geographically linked to the Chikkaballapur district through another village called Chandanadur. This village is famous


title: "Michael E. Carpenter" content: Michael E. Carpenter Michael E. Carpenter (born September 3, 1947) is an American lawyer and politician from Maine. Carpenter, a Democrat, served one term (1974-1976) in the Maine House of Representatives from Houlton. In 1976, Carpenter was elected to the Maine Senate, representing southern Aroostook County. He served in that office until 1986. In 1991, the Maine Legislature elected Carpenter to the position of Maine Attorney General. He served in that office until 1995, when he was replaced by fellow Democrat Andrew Ketterer. Carpenter is a graduate of the University of Maine School of Law. In November 2014, Carpenter sought


title: Keesingia content: Keesingia Keesingia gigas, the "giant" (Greek "gigas") "Keesingia", is one of two new species of Irukandji jellyfish, the only one of the genus Keesingia in the Alatinid family. Found off the north-west coast of Western Australia, the species is able to deliver an extremely deadly sting which can cause the victim to experience the Irukandji syndrome which can cause pain, nausea, vomiting and in some rare instances stroke or heart failure. About the length of a person's arm, the species is unique because Irukandji jellyfish are usually the size of a finger nail. Moreover, none of the specimens found so


title: "Clarissa Sligh" content: Clarissa Sligh Clarissa T. Sligh (born August 30, 1939) is an African-American book artist and photographer based in Asheville, North Carolina. At age 15, she was the lead plaintiff in a school desegregation case in Virginia. In 1988, she became a co-founder of Coast-to-Coast: A Women of Color National Artists' Project, which focused on promoting works completed by women of color. Sligh was born in Washington, D.C.. She grew up in a large working-class family and "went to segregated schools in a predominantly white Virginia county." In 1955, at the age of 15, she was the lead plaintiff in a


title: "Clarissa Sligh" content: gender and ethnic groups. As C. Williams says "In school readers from her childhood, Sligh discovered the model from which to confront the realities of her own life. " In 1988, Sligh co-founded the Coast-to-Coast National Women Artists of Color Project with Faith Ringgold and Margaret Gallegos. From 1988 to 1996, this organization exhibited the works of African American women across the United States. In 1990, Sligh was one of three organizers of the exhibit "Coast to Coast: A Women of Color National Artists' Book Project" held January 14 – February 2, 1990, at the Flossie Martin Gallery, and later


title: "1969 Guards Formula 5000 Championship" content: 1969 Guards Formula 5000 Championship The 1969 Guards Formula 5000 Championship was a motor racing competition for Formula 5000 cars and cars with unrestricted racing engines of up to 2000cc capacity. The championship was organized in the United Kingdom but also included European rounds. It was the first and only series to carry the Guards Formula 5000 Championship name and the first in a sequence of seven annual European Formula 5000 Championships to be contested between 1969 and 1975. The championship was won by Peter Gethin, driving a McLaren M10A. The championship was contested over twelve rounds. Championship points were


title: Garakupi content: essential products for people, daily buying and selling market. The people from nearby sites comes to this market and buying and selling system goes on through this way. The wide range of products are available here such as Raw material, all type of vegetables, stationary product and so on. Garakupi is a market where fish can be seen to sell at any time. For fish a separate stall selected permanently by the marketing committee. All type of fish available in this separated stall such as: Ilish, Grass carp, Koy, Silver carp, Tilapia, Catla, Chingri and so on. Chingri, Tilapia and


title: "Kopren Waterfall" content: Kopren Waterfall Kopren Waterfall () is the second highest waterfall in Serbia. It is located on Stara Planina mountain in southeast Serbia and high. Between 16 June 2011, when it was measured, and 9 June 2012, when the waterfall Kaluđerski Skokovi was measured, Kopren was considered the highest waterfall in Serbia. The Kopren waterfall is situated in the area of the Dojkinci village, northeast of the city of Pirot, to which it administratively belong. The waterfall is located under the Kopren peak of the Stara Planina mountain. The peak is high, while the waterfall is at an altitude of .


title: "Intoxicating Substances (Supply) Act 1985" content: Intoxicating Substances (Supply) Act 1985 The Intoxicating Substances (Supply) Act 1985 is a UK Act of Parliament. It made it an offence for people to supply substances that are not controlled by the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 to people under 18 years of age when it is likely that the substance could be inhaled for the purpose of intoxication. The legislation was drafted in the 1980s due to concern over solvent abuse but was used in the 2010s to prosecute those selling designer drugs that are inhaled. The Act was repealed and replaced by the Psychoactive Substances Act 2016.


title: "Argentina at the 2015 Pan American Games" content: kayak and 5 in women's kayak). Argentina qualified a team of 21 athletes. Argentina qualified a team of 12 athletes. Argentina qualified a full dressage team. Argentina qualified a full eventing team. Argentina qualified a full jumping team. Argentina qualified 14 fencers (7 men, 7 women). Argentina qualified both a men's and women's teams for a total of 32 athletes (16 men and 16 women). ---- ---- Argentina qualified a women's team of 18 athletes. Head coach: Argentina qualified four athletes. Argentina qualified eleven gymnasts. Argentina qualified three male artistic gymnasts. Argentina qualified a full women's artistic team of five


title: "Argentina at the 2015 Pan American Games" content: gymnasts. Argentina qualified two athletes. Argentina qualified two trampoline gymnasts. Argentina qualified a men's and a women's team. Each team consisted of 15 athletes, for a total of 30. Argentina qualified a team of eleven judokas. Argentina qualified 5 athletes. Argentina qualified a team of 4 athletes (2 men and 2 women). Argentina qualified a team of two men and two women for a total of four athletes. Argentina qualified a team of 6 athletes (one man and woman for the figure skating events, and two men and two women for the speed skating events). Argentina qualified 13 boats. Argentina


title: "Argentina at the 2015 Pan American Games" content: nine athletes. Argentina qualified a men's and women's team. Argentina qualified a team of five athletes (three men and two women). Argentina qualified 4 tennis players (2 men and 2 women). Argentina qualified 6 athletes (3 men and 3 women). Argentina qualified a men's and women's volleyball team, for a total of 24 athletes (12 men and 12 women). |} |} |} |} |} Argentina qualified a men's and a women's team. Each team consisted of 13 athletes, for a total of 26. Argentina qualified 5 athletes (4 men and 1 woman). Argentina qualified a team of 2 athletes (1


title: "Chilo partellus" content: In nature, an insect locates a host plant through a sequence of behavioural and biological responses such as the following: If one or more of these categories of insect responses are not met by the host plant, the plant would therefore be rendered as unsuitable or unfavourable for insect establishment. Therefore, the extent of insect establishment depends on the interaction of insect responses to various plant characteristics. Numerous factors can enhance the insect pest problem, this includes either manipulating the environment that are favourable for growth, reproduction and development of insects. Processes that could decrease the insect pest problem include


title: "School of Chemistry, UNAM" content: the rank of "Faculty", meaning it now had graduate school programs. The School of Chemistry consists of the following buildings: School of Chemistry, UNAM The School of Chemistry is one of the 27 academic institutions that are part of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). The School carries out research activities in the fields of biochemistry, analytical chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry, food chemistry, biotechnology, metallurgy, chemical engineering, pharmacy, inorganic chemistry, nuclear chemistry, theoretical chemistry and theoretical physics. The School is organized into 12 scientific departments and 4 units. The School of chemistry also offers five 4.5-year undergraduate degrees:


title: "The girl & the fig" content: sauce. Its signature dish is a fig and arugula salad. The restaurant also sells artisan cheese plates, including cheese by Laura Chenel. Desserts include a creme brulee made with lavender. The girl & the fig was named one of the top ten best restaurants in the United States for Thanksgiving meals in 2009 by "Bon Appétit". Michael Bauer, from the "San Francisco Chronicle" described the girl & the fig as having "excellent rustic meat courses and salads," but acknowledged that "other dishes can be inconsistent." Travel writers Peg Melnik and Tim Fish also cited that "the food and service are


title: "Fuegian dog" content: Fuegian dog The Fuegian dog (), also known as the Yaghan dog, is an extinct domesticated fox. It was a domesticated form of the culpeo, )"Lycalopex culpaeus"), unlike other domesticated canids – dogs, domesticated from the gray wolf ("Canis lupus"), and the domesticated red fox, from the red fox ("Vulpes vulpes"). There are very few remaining specimens of the Fuegian dog. These include one in the Museo Salesiano Maggiorino Borgatello in Chile, and another in the Fagnano Regional Museum in Tierra del Fuego. Fuegian dogs had erect ears, sharp snout and a thick tail and were tawny-colored or entirely white.


title: "Share (film)" content: Share (film) Share is a 2015 American short drama film written and directed by Pippa Bianco, and starring Taissa Farmiga, Keir Gilchrist, Madisen Beaty, and Andre Royo. It follows a teenage girl as she returns to school after an explicit video of her goes viral online. The film had its world premiere at South by Southwest on March 14, 2015, where it won the Special Jury Recognition Award for Narrative Short. It was then selected as the only American short film at the 2015 Cannes Film Festival, where it won the first prize Cinéfondation Award. The film received a limited


title: "Share (film)" content: window online release on May 3, 2016 by Memory. High schooler Krystal Williams receives various text messages from friends asking whether she is the girl featured in a sexual assault video. As she watches the video, she immediately becomes upset. At school the following day, her best friend Jenna is surprised that she has shown up given the circumstances. In the middle of class, Krystal notices her boyfriend Dylan using his phone, and decides to send him a text message. While composing the message, she receives another text with the video attached, and accidentally plays it out loud. Her teacher


title: "Share (film)" content: Mr. White notices the sound and takes away her phone, telling her to come back at the end of the day to collect it. Once school ends, she retrieves her phone from Mr. White, who asks if everything is okay. On her way out of school, Dylan follows Krystal to the parking lot and the two talk about the situation. Krystal wonders if more than one person was in the room at the time of her assault, to which Dylan says he doesn't know. Back at home, Krystal ignores the text messages she is receiving on her phone. Pippa Bianco


title: "Share (film)" content: wrote a screenplay for "Share", which was then selected as one of eight short films for the 2014 American Film Institute's Directing Workshop for Women. The annual program requires all of its participants to complete a short film within the year of selection. Bianco collaborated with producers Tyler Byrne ("Blue Ruin"), Andrew Kelly and Danielle Oexmann to produce the short film. Carly Hugo ("The War Boys", "Higher Ground") also served as an executive producer. The budget of the film was partially funded from donations through the crowdfunding website Indiegogo. Part of the money donated was given to the Rape, Abuse


title: "Share (film)" content: & Incest National Network (RAINN) because of the subject matter involved in the film. On August 27, 2014, director Pippa Bianco officially confirmed the principal cast members of the film and their subsequent roles through the film's Indiegogo page. Taissa Farmiga portrays Krystal Williams, the lead character and the victim of sexual assault; Keir Gilchrist plays the role of Krystal's boyfriend Dylan, the boy who made the video; Madisen Beaty portrays Jenna, Krystal's best friend; and Andre Royo portrays Krystal's concerned teacher Mr. White. Principal photography for the film occurred over four days – beginning on July 28, 2014 –


title: "Share (film)" content: and took place in various locations around Los Angeles County, including Ramona Convent Secondary School in Alhambra, California and South Gate Middle School in South Gate, California. Filming concluded for the project on July 31, 2014. "Share" had its world premiere on March 14, 2015 at the South by Southwest Film Festival in Austin, Texas. The film then premiered at the Directing Workshop for Women Showcase in Los Angeles on May 14, 2015. The film had its European premiere at the 68th Cannes Film Festival, where it was chosen as the only American short film in the official program. "Share"


title: "Share (film)" content: also played in Toronto on September 12, 2015 as part of Memory's Program No. 1, and screened at the Raindance Film Festival in London on October 4, 2015. The film was released on May 3, 2016 through Vimeo, for a limited time window, as part of Memory Presents: Program No. 1. Mason Walker of Loser City gave "Share" a positive review, writing, "From that opening shot, the film, for the most part, stays the course; it rarely lets us out of Krystal's shoes. By manipulating sound and image, Bianco shows us how the trauma of sexual assault and public humiliation


title: "Airedale International Air Conditioning" content: – Airedale moves to Park Mills, Rawdon, West Yorkshire. 1982 – In May 1982, Airedale Air Conditioning changed its name to Airedale International Air Conditioning Ltd. to reflect its growing export business. AIAC South Africa was formed in Johannesburg to manufacture precision air conditioning systems. 1984 – First UK manufacturer to develop a water cooling industrial chiller the ACC. 1994 – First manufacturer to use R407C refrigerant in both chillers and precision air conditioning units. 2003 – First precision air conditioning manufacturer in Europe to introduce electronic expansion valves to their product. 2005 – Airedale bought by US firm Modine,


title: "Airedale International Air Conditioning" content: Air Conditioning, IT cooling, Chillers, Comfort cooling, Condensers & Condensing Units and Air Handling Units. Airedale’s business derives mainly from the data centre market, other markets include process cooling, telecommunications, commercial air conditioning and laboratory cooling. Airedale also provides building management systems and controls design and integration, service, maintenance, spare parts and offers air conditioning and refrigeration courses through its on-site training school. A special projects team manages large-scale, complex upgrade programmes for key customers including the country’s major telecoms providers. 2012 - RAC 'Air Conditioning Product Innovation of the Year' awarded to the DeltaChill FreeCool R410A Chiller 110-1030 kW


title: "Shiny Disco Balls" content: Shiny Disco Balls "Shiny Disco Balls" is a 2002 single by Who Da Funk, featuring Jessica Eve (wife of Harry "Choo Choo" Romero). The single was written by Jorge Mario Jaramillo, Alexander Alicea, and Jessica Eve Vargas. "Shiny Disco Balls" reached number 15 on the UK Singles Chart, number 23 in Ireland, and number 24 in Australia. In addition, it topped the UK Dance Chart chart for two weeks and reached the top 30 on the US Dance Club Play chart. 1. Shiny Disco Balls (Main Mix) 6:46 In 2014, a new version of the song was recorded by Scotty


title: "Yulen Pereira" content: Yulen Pereira Yulen Pereira (born 12 July 1995) is a Spanish épée fencer, silver team medallist in the 2014 European Fencing Championships. Pereira is the son of Manuel Pereira, Spain's only World champion in épée. He began playing with plastic and foam swords at home when he was four before taking up fencing proper. His first major medal was a bronze in the 2011 Cadets European Championships in Klagenfurt. In the 2012–13 season he won a bronze medal in the Junior European Championships in Budapest and a silver medal in the Junior World Championships in Poreč. These results caused him


title: "Yulen Pereira" content: was eliminated by Bas Verwijlen in the preliminary table of 64. In the team event, Spain edged out Kazakhstan in the table of 64, but were defeated by Hungary and finished 15th. Pereira ended up World No.1 in Junior rankings. Yulen Pereira Yulen Pereira (born 12 July 1995) is a Spanish épée fencer, silver team medallist in the 2014 European Fencing Championships. Pereira is the son of Manuel Pereira, Spain's only World champion in épée. He began playing with plastic and foam swords at home when he was four before taking up fencing proper. His first major medal was a


title: "Pud Hamilton" content: Pud Hamilton William Edward "Billy, Pud" Hamilton (February 10, 1874 – October 23, 1965) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman who was active in the early 1900s. Hamilton played for the Pittsburgh Athletic Club in the Western Pennsylvania Hockey League, as well as for the Michigan Soo Indians in the International Professional Hockey League. He also appeared in two games with the Pittsburgh Bankers. Pud Hamilton played with a rough edge to his game and a "Pittsburgh Press" report from January 1904 says he was released by manager Charles Miller of the Pittsburgh Athletic Club on account of his


title: "Pud Hamilton" content: temper. He was born in Kingston, Ontario. "Statistics per Society for International Hockey Research at sihrhockey.org" Pud Hamilton William Edward "Billy, Pud" Hamilton (February 10, 1874 – October 23, 1965) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman who was active in the early 1900s. Hamilton played for the Pittsburgh Athletic Club in the Western Pennsylvania Hockey League, as well as for the Michigan Soo Indians in the International Professional Hockey League. He also appeared in two games with the Pittsburgh Bankers. Pud Hamilton played with a rough edge to his game and a "Pittsburgh Press" report from January 1904 says


title: "Aquaman (film)" content: screen at every single turn of the story, no matter what the cost." Writing for "TheWrap", William Bibbiani called the film "a weird and wonderful superhero adventure that strives — and almost succeeds — to be the most epic superhero movie ever made." Chris Nashawaty of "Entertainment Weekly" graded the film a C-, writing, "It can’t decide if it wants to be silly or serious — a superhero movie or a parody of one." He goes on to say, "Unfortunately, the bloated, waterlogged film is loaded with crummy CGI, cheesy costumes, and groaner dialogue delivered by actors who are too


title: "Morris Twelve" content: Morris Twelve Morris Twelve is a model of Morris car introduced without fanfare in the autumn of 1934 as little more than a larger engined Morris Ten Four for which just another £5 was asked. The chassis and body were of the slow-selling longer wheelbase Ten Six. The engine though awarded a tax rating of 11.98 hp had a cubic capacity of 1548cc compared with Morris's 1292cc (10 hp) Ten Four and 1378cc (12.09 hp) Ten Six. This resulted from the vagaries of the Treasury's tax rating formula which took no account of the length of the engine's stroke. Very


title: "Morris Twelve" content: long stroke engines such as were given the Twelve provided good low speed torque at the expense of reliability at higher rpm. Such engines were unable to make full use of better fuels and the improved engine breathing techniques that were coming available. Morris briefly promoted the series II car with the note that it performed just like a 14 horsepower car but that brought about a clash from the summer of 1936 when Morris began to supply a six-cylinder 1818cc Morris Fourteen. While both this new Twelve and the Ten variant Ten Six models appeared in the Morris catalogue


title: "Morris Twelve" content: for 1935 the slow selling Ten Six was soon dropped. The Twelve remained in production until war intervened and was replaced after the war by the 1476cc but 13½ horsepower Morris Oxford MO. Each new model showed further integration of the structure of chassis and body. The post-war replacement, Morris Oxford MO, was close to full unitary construction. The Morris Twelve Four appeared in the autumn of 1934, probably overshadowed by the promotion of the new model Morris Eight. It was also after three years when it had been sold as a Morris Cowley. When named Cowley it had been


title: "Morris Twelve" content: available with the Oxford's 1802cc engine as well as the 1548cc engine. This Twelve shared much with Morris's 1292cc Ten Four and 1378cc Ten Six using the Ten Four gearbox and ratios but with wider wheels and larger section tyres than either of the smaller-engined cars and it used, with modifications, the wheelbase of the Ten Six which was six inches more than the Ten Four. The wheelbase was almost an inch longer than the Ten Six. It also had a fuel tank which held a gallon more than either of the other cars. Lockheed hydraulic brakes were fitted on


title: "Gerber Reservoir" content: doves, and mourning doves as well as downy woodpecker. Several owl species are found near the reservoir. These include the great horned owl, great grey owl, barn owl, and screech owl. Other bird species common to the area are Steller's jay, pinyon jay, scrub jay, American robin, hermit thrush, western bluebird, mountain bluebird, western meadowlark, horned lark, Cassin's finch, sagebrush sparrow, lark sparrows cedar waxwing, brown creeper, mountain chickadee, dark-eyed junco, red-breasted nuthatch, yellow-rumped warblers, red crossbill, northern oriole, green-tailed towhee, Lazuli bunting, plain titmouse, purple martin, cliff swallow, rock wren, Hammond's flycatcher, American dusky flycatcher, western kingbird, brown-headed cowbird,


title: "Aversion to happiness" content: Aversion to happiness Aversion to happiness, also called cherophobia or fear of happiness, is an attitude towards happiness in which individuals may deliberately avoid experiences that invoke positive emotions or happiness. One of several reasons why cherophobia may develop is the belief that when one becomes happy, a negative event will soon occur that will taint that happiness, as if punishing that individual for satisfaction. This belief is thought to be more prevalent in Eastern cultures. In Western cultures, such as American culture, "it is almost taken for granted that happiness is one of the most important values guiding people's


title: "Aversion to happiness" content: lives". Western cultures are more driven by an urge to maximize happiness and to minimize sadness. Failing to appear happy often gives cause for concern. The value placed on happiness echoes through Western positive psychology and through research on subjective well-being. Fear of happiness is associated with fragility of happiness beliefs, suggesting that one of the causes of aversion to happiness may be the belief that happiness is unstable and fragile. Research shows that fear of happiness is associated with avoidant and anxious attachment styles. There are four major reasons why cherophobes avoid happiness: "believing that being happy will provoke


title: "Aversion to happiness" content: happiness to be associated with sin, shallowness, and moral decline will actually feel less satisfied when their lives are (by other standards) going well", so measures of personal happiness cannot simply be considered a yardstick for satisfaction with one's life, and attitudes such as aversion to happiness have important implications for measuring happiness across cultures and ranking nations on happiness scores. Aversion to happiness Aversion to happiness, also called cherophobia or fear of happiness, is an attitude towards happiness in which individuals may deliberately avoid experiences that invoke positive emotions or happiness. One of several reasons why cherophobia may develop


title: "Varduhi Vardanyan" content: 2006, in a car accident at Sevan - Martuni highway. She is buried at the Tokhmakh cemetery Varduhi Vardanyan Varduhi Vardanyan (; June 26, 1976 – October 15, 2006) was an Armenian singer. She has participated to many international song contests and always won highest awards. She was awarded best singer of Armenia. She died in a car accident on Sevan - Martuni highway on October 15, 2006. After her death, many Armenian programs where dedicated to her, including Benefis, Half-opened windows, and Mechanism of happiness. Varduhi Vardanyan was born on June 26, 1976, in Yerevan, Armenia. She is one


title: Freedom content: Freedom Freedom, generally, is having an ability to act or change without constraint. A thing is "free" if it can change its state easily and is not constrained in its present state. In philosophy and religion, it is associated with having free will and being without undue or unjust constraints, or enslavement, and is an idea closely related to the concept of liberty. A person has the freedom to do things that will not, in theory or in practice, be prevented by other forces. Outside of the human realm, freedom generally does not have this political or psychological dimension. A


title: Freedom content: rusty lock might be oiled so that the key has freedom to turn, undergrowth may be hacked away to give a newly planted sapling freedom to grow, or a mathematician may study an equation having many degrees of freedom. In mechanical engineering, "freedom" describes the number of independent motions that are allowed to a body or system, which is generally referred to as degrees of freedom." In philosophical discourse, freedom is discussed in the context of free will and self-determination, balanced by moral responsibility. Advocates of free will regard freedom of thought as innate to the human mind, while opponents


title: Freedom content: regard the mind as thinking only the thoughts that a purely deterministic brain happens to be engaged in at the time. In political discourse, political freedom is often associated with liberty and autonomy in the sense of "giving oneself one's own laws", and with having rights and the civil liberties with which to exercise them without undue interference by the state. Frequently discussed kinds of political freedom include freedom of assembly, freedom of association, freedom of choice, and freedom of speech. In some circumstances, particularly when discussion is limited to political freedoms, the terms "freedom" and "liberty" tend to be


title: Freedom content: used interchangeably. Elsewhere, however, subtle distinctions between freedom and liberty have been noted. John Stuart Mill, differentiated liberty from freedom in that freedom is primarily, if not exclusively, the ability to do as one wills and what one has the power to do; whereas liberty concerns the absence of arbitrary restraints and takes into account the rights of all involved. As such, the exercise of liberty is subject to capability and limited by the rights of others. Wendy Hui Kyong Chun explains the differences in terms of their relation to institutions: Another distinction that some political theorists have deemed important


title: Freedom content: is that people may aspire to have freedom "from" limiting forces (such as freedom from fear, freedom from want, and freedom from discrimination), but descriptions of freedom and liberty generally do not invoke having liberty "from" anything. To the contrary, the concept of negative liberty refers to the liberty one person may have to restrict the rights of others. Other important fields in which freedom is an issue include economic freedom, academic freedom, intellectual freedom, and scientific freedom. In purely physical terms, freedom is used much more broadly to describe the limits to which physical movement or other physical processes


title: Freedom content: are possible. This relates to the philosophical concept to the extent that people may be considered to have as much freedom as they are physically able to exercise. The number of independent variables or parameters for a system is described as its number of degrees of freedom. For example the movement of a vehicle along a road has two degrees of freedom; to go fast or slow, or to change direction by turning left or right. The movement of a ship sailing on the waves has four degrees of freedom, since it can also pitch nose-to-tail and roll side-to-side. An


title: Freedom content: aeroplane can also climb and sideslip, giving it six degrees of freedom. Degrees of freedom in mechanics describes the number of independent motions that are allowed to a body, or, in case of a mechanism made of several bodies, the number of possible independent relative motions between the pieces of the mechanism. In the study of complex motor control, there may be so many degrees of freedom that a given action can be achieved in different ways by combining movements with different degrees of freedom. This issue is sometimes called the degrees of freedom problem. In mathematics freedom is the


title: Freedom content: ability of a variable to change in value. Some equations have many such variables. This notion is formalized as the dimension of a manifold or an algebraic variety. When "degrees of freedom" is used instead of "dimension", this usually means that the manifold or variety that models the system is only implicitly defined. Such degrees of freedom appear in many mathematical and related disciplines, including degrees of freedom as used in physics and chemistry to explain dependence on parameters, or the dimensions of a phase space; and degrees of freedom in statistics, the number of values in the final calculation


title: Freedom content: of a statistic that are free to vary. Freedom Freedom, generally, is having an ability to act or change without constraint. A thing is "free" if it can change its state easily and is not constrained in its present state. In philosophy and religion, it is associated with having free will and being without undue or unjust constraints, or enslavement, and is an idea closely related to the concept of liberty. A person has the freedom to do things that will not, in theory or in practice, be prevented by other forces. Outside of the human realm, freedom generally does


title: "Maria Tschetschulin" content: successfully worked within the steam boat business of her family. Maria Tschetschulin Maria Tschetschulin (1852–1917), was a Finnish clerk. She was the first woman to attend university in Finland. Maria Tschetschulin, who was of Russian descent through her Russian father, was the daughter of the steam boat owner Feodor Tschetschulin and Hilda Eckstein in Helsinki. After the death of her father and the bankruptcy of her family, she applied for a permission to study to support her family, having three younger sisters. In 1870, she became the first female university student in Finland at the University of Helsinki. Women were


title: "Sa Calobra" content: Sa Calobra Sa Calobra is a small village in the Escorca municipality on the northwest coast of the Spanish Balearic island of Majorca. The port village is a popular destination for coach trips and road cyclists and is accessible by a single winding road, designed by Italian-Spanish engineer Antonio Parietti and opened in 1933, which features many hairpin bends and a 270° spiral bridge called the tie knot. The climb is officially called the Coll del Reis or the Col de Cal Reis, the pass on altitude, though it is often referred to by the name of the village at


title: "Sa Calobra" content: its base and was built and is considered to be "as close as one could get to a perfect road for motorsport". Unconventionally the road was engineered with tourists in mind. Sa Calobra Sa Calobra is a small village in the Escorca municipality on the northwest coast of the Spanish Balearic island of Majorca. The port village is a popular destination for coach trips and road cyclists and is accessible by a single winding road, designed by Italian-Spanish engineer Antonio Parietti and opened in 1933, which features many hairpin bends and a 270° spiral bridge called the tie knot. The


title: "Hot pepper challenge" content: Hot pepper challenge The hot pepper challenge (also ghost pepper challenge or chili pepper challenge) is an Internet viral video fad, consisting of a food challenge that involves filming oneself while eating and swallowing a chili pepper that is high on the Scoville scale and known for its piquant (spicy-hot) qualities, in particular the cayenne pepper, Thai pepper, habanero, ghost pepper, and the Trinidad moruga scorpion pepper; the video is then uploaded to the Internet. Hot pepper challenges have been featured on television series, including "Man v. Food". The Internet videos generally show the different stages the participant goes through.


title: "Hot pepper challenge" content: In the introduction, the challenger introduces himself or herself and states the proposed challenge, shows the pepper, and discusses its qualities. The challenger often takes precautionary measures like setting out a large quantity of milk, which helps relieve and cope with the burning sensation in the mouth and throat. Then the pepper (or food item containing it) is eaten. After a short while, an extreme burning sensation and profuse sweating are experienced by the challenger, caused by the pepper's capsaicin and related capsaicinoids. Sometimes vomiting and hallucinations (e.g., reduced vision) are induced by eating the pepper. The challenge has resulted


title: "Hot pepper challenge" content: in a small number of reported cases of problems or health scares. In one such instance, in September 2016, five 11- to 14-year-old children from a school in West Milton, Ohio, were hospitalized after 40 of them ate ghost pepper as part of a challenge and suffered apparently allergic reactions. There is also an account of a 47-year-old California man who was sent to an emergency department after consuming a hamburger topped with ghost pepper puree in an eating contest; doctors found that he had ruptured his esophagus (Boerhaave syndrome) from excessive vomiting, and that his and his left lung


title: "Hot pepper challenge" content: had collapsed from the pressure of stomach fluid and food material entering his abdominal cavity through the tear in his throat. Even the hottest peppers are not literally toxic in reasonable quantities; research has suggested that it would take around 3 pounds (1.36 kg) of the highest-Scoville peppers, like ghost pepper, to kill a 150-pound (68 kg) adult. However, there are documented fatalities from cardiac arrest caused by the pain and panic induced by pepper spray, the main ingredient of which is oleoresin capsicum, a concentrated capsaicin wax extracted from chili peppers. Allergic reactions to the substance itself, especially asthma


title: "Hot pepper challenge" content: attacks, are more common. These were also reported in the Ohio school's ghost pepper incident. Hot pepper challenge The hot pepper challenge (also ghost pepper challenge or chili pepper challenge) is an Internet viral video fad, consisting of a food challenge that involves filming oneself while eating and swallowing a chili pepper that is high on the Scoville scale and known for its piquant (spicy-hot) qualities, in particular the cayenne pepper, Thai pepper, habanero, ghost pepper, and the Trinidad moruga scorpion pepper; the video is then uploaded to the Internet. Hot pepper challenges have been featured on television series, including


title: "All Trap Music" content: event reviews of trap events across the world. On 24 March 2014 All Trap Music released its debut production sample pack. The pack contained 1GB of FX, loops and pre-sets. All Trap Music launched its own online store and a new range of merchandise. Branded products on sale include All Trap Music’s two albums, stickers and T-shirts for males and females. All Trap Music All Trap Music is a music brand founded and curated by Jim Kirk (aka JiKay). It began as a YouTube channel aimed to support to the new wave of electronic trap music emerging from North America.


title: "Jack & Jack" content: Jack & Jack Jack & Jack is an American pop-rap duo from Omaha, Nebraska, consisting of Jack Johnson and Jack Gilinsky, who are now based in Los Angeles, California. After success via the social media app Vine, the duo turned to a career as musicians. Their 2014 single "Wild Life" peaked at number 87 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100. They also featured on Jonas Blue's 2018 hit single "Rise", which has so far peaked at number three in the UK Singles Chart in addition to charting within the top 20 of various other European countries and Australia. Both attended


title: "Jack & Jack" content: Omaha Westside High School. Jack Edward Johnson and Jack Finnegan Gilinsky were born in Omaha, Nebraska. The pair met on the first day of kindergarten, both wearing the same shirt, both named Jack; and remained friends throughout their elementary and high school years. Jack & Jack's comedy career began in 2007 with the creation of their first collaboration YouTube channel "MotherFalconQuagmire". The short satires included lip syncing music videos, short parodies of popular songs, and British-speaking lads. Although only made as a side hobby during free time, their videos were received by a considerable audience of hundreds, but faded abruptly