title: "Coldrum Long Barrow" content: already aware of. Whether those people had grown up locally, or moved into the Medway area from elsewhere is not known. Based on a stylistic analysis of their architectural designs, the archaeologist Stuart Piggott thought that the plan behind the Medway Megaliths had originated in the area around the Low Countries, while fellow archaeologist Glyn Daniel instead believed that the same evidence showed an influence from Scandinavia. John H. Evans instead suggested an origin in Germany, and Ronald F. Jessup thought that their origins could be seen in the Cotswold-Severn megalithic group. Ashbee noted that their close clustering in the


title: "Coldrum Long Barrow" content: feet, 6 inches) deep, and 53 centimetres (1 foot, 9 inches) thick; the other is 1.52 centimetres (5 feet) long, 1.83 (6 feet) deep, and 61 centimetres (2 feet) thick. Conversely, the chamber's southern side consists of a single slab, measuring 3.45 metres (11 feet, 4 inches) in length, 2.21 metres (7 feet, 3 inches) in depth, and 53 centimetres (1 foot, 9 inches) in thickness at its eastern end. The western end of the chamber is closed off with a slab measuring about 4.42 metres (14 feet, 6 inches) wide, with a thickness of 30 centimetres (1 foot) and


title: "Women's basketball" content: (WCBA) is a professional women's basketball league established in 2002. The Women's Hong Kong Basketball Association is the highest women's professional club basketball competition in Hong Kong. The Indian National Basketball Championship for Women is a professional basketball tournament in India for women The Women's Japan Basketball League is a premier women's basketball league in Japan. The Lebanese Basketball League or FLB League is the top-tier professional basketball league in Lebanon. The Women's Philippine Basketball League was a women's basketball league in the Philippines The Women's Korean Basketball League (WKBL) is the premier women's basketball league in South Korea The


title: "Dick and Jane" content: Dick and Jane Dick and Jane are the main characters in popular basal readers written by William S. Gray and Zerna Sharp and published by Scott Foresman, that were used to teach children to read from the 1930s through to the 1990s in the United States. The main characters, Dick and Jane, were a little boy and girl. Supporting characters included Baby (or Sally), Mother, Father, Spot (originally a cat in the 1930s, but a dog in later editions), Puff the cat, and Tim the teddy bear. They first appeared in the "Elson-Gray Readers" used in the 1930s, which themselves


title: "Dick and Jane" content: were heavily revised and enlarged editions of the "Elson Readers" originally produced by William H. Elson in the 1920s. The simple but distinctive illustrations for the books were done by artists Eleanor Campbell and Keith Ward. Robert Childress did the illustrations during the 1950s. Richard Wiley took over the illustrations in the 1960s, and was the first to include African American characters in the book series. First editions of the books now fetch as much as US$200. The books were reissued in 2003 by Grosset & Dunlap, an imprint of Penguin Group, and over 2.5 million copies were sold, but


title: "Dick and Jane" content: this time the publishers had warned against using them to teach reading to children. Related merchandise, such as shirts and magnets, also gained wide popularity, particularly among people who had never been exposed to the original series, but were familiar with catchphrases like "See Spot run!". The title of one of the books, "Fun with Dick and Jane", was used for a 1977 film and its 2005 remake. In the mid-1950s, the texts for grades four, five and six were split into two books each (as was originally the pattern with the lower grades in the series) with the naming


title: "Dick and Jane" content: pattern adding "The New" in front of the title for the first book and "More" in front of the title for the second book in each grade, "e.g.", "The New Days and Deeds" and "More Days and Deeds". In the late 1950s, the texts for grades seven and eight were re-packaged into a "Basic Reading and Literature" series consisting of Book 1 (for seventh grade) and Book 2 (for eighth grade) without any of the contents changing from the original late 1940s versions. As an alternative to this more literary approach for these two grades, entirely new texts were published


title: "Dick and Jane" content: and Company) with the vocabulary mastered in the basic readers, thus vastly improving readability in these same areas. In 1955, Rudolf Flesch criticized the "Dick and Jane" series in his book "Why Johnny Can't Read". The push for multiculturalism and stronger presentation of other races and cultures was partially a reaction to the cultural homogeneity of the series. Black characters and characters from other races and cultures were not introduced until 1965, when "Dick and Jane" books were already declining in popularity. A 2006 book entitled "Let's Kill Dick and Jane" by Harold Henderson asserted that the series focused on


title: "Dick and Jane" content: trivial aspects of reading and left children far behind their peers in Europe. Dick and Jane Dick and Jane are the main characters in popular basal readers written by William S. Gray and Zerna Sharp and published by Scott Foresman, that were used to teach children to read from the 1930s through to the 1990s in the United States. The main characters, Dick and Jane, were a little boy and girl. Supporting characters included Baby (or Sally), Mother, Father, Spot (originally a cat in the 1930s, but a dog in later editions), Puff the cat, and Tim the teddy bear.


title: Lesson content: Lesson A lesson is a structured period of time where learning is intended to occur. It involves one or more students (also called pupils or learners in some circumstances) being taught by a teacher or instructor. A lesson may be either one section of a textbook (which, apart from the printed page, can also include multimedia) or, more frequently, a short period of time during which learners are taught about a particular subject or taught how to perform a particular activity. Lessons are generally taught in a classroom but may instead take place in a situated learning environment. In a


title: Lesson content: wider sense, a lesson is an insight gained by a learner into previously unfamiliar subject-matter. Such a lesson can be either planned or accidental, enjoyable or painful. The colloquial phrase "to teach someone a lesson", means to punish or scold a person for a mistake they have made in order to ensure that they do not make the same mistake again. Lessons can also be made entertaining. When the term "education" is combined with "entertainment", the term "edutainment" is coined. The potential format and speaks to one or more people in the same room or space. This may be supplemented


title: Lesson content: with gestures and tools. A lesson may range from a lecture, to a demonstration, to a discussion or a blend of some of these common presentation methods. Some lessons may involve work by the student. Traditionally this might include reading and writing or creating something, perhaps when the instructor is not present. The student may work independently or collaborate with others. More recent technologies have expanded the way a lesson can be delivered. For example: film strips, pre-recorded audio and video tapes, television programs and podcasts are some ways to deliver or add to a lesson. Distance education techniques such


title: Lesson content: as video conferencing, or electronic learning in a virtual learning environment have allowed interactive lessons to be presented to students who may not be in the same physical location. These tools offer new synchronous, asynchronous and blended ways to deliver lessons. Teachers and instructors usually have a lesson plan which dictates the structure of the teaching. A group of lessons may be linked together in a unit plan, scheme, or work. The detail of the plan may vary with some being a simple list of what is going to be taught in a lesson with others working including much more


title: Lesson content: detail, such as a time plan and the learning aims and objectives. Student teachers and beginning teachers are usually advised to put a great amount of detail into the written plan. This ensures that the plan will be cohesive, that all the components of a successful lesson are taken care of, and that one has a checklist to ensure that practicalities are taken care of (e.g., resources, scheduling, and classroom management considerations). Furthermore, beginning teachers are often advised to script some sections for themselves, such as questions they might ask the students in order to get a discussion going at


title: Lesson content: the beginning of the lesson. The expectation is that the teachers can and should depart from the script when appropriate; improvisation is definitely encouraged and the fact of having written it out in advance ensures that an adequate amount of thought has been put into it ahead of time. Another reason for including a great amount of detail is that student teachers are often required to submit lesson plans in advance to their mentor teachers or professors in order to receive feedback on their ideas. When creating the lesson plan it is usual to look at the following: The word


title: Lesson content: "lesson" comes from Latin "lectio" "the action of reading (out)". From there, the word was also used for the text itself, very often a passage from the Bible read out during a religious service ("first lesson", "second lesson"). Finally, any portion of a book to be studied was referred to as a "lesson". Lesson A lesson is a structured period of time where learning is intended to occur. It involves one or more students (also called pupils or learners in some circumstances) being taught by a teacher or instructor. A lesson may be either one section of a textbook (which,


title: Geritol content: to that date (1973). Although subsequent trials and appeals from 1965 to 1973 concluded that some of the FTC demands exceeded its authority, Geritol was already well known and continued to be the largest U.S. company selling iron and B vitamin supplement through 1979. Since then, supplemental iron products, including Geritol, have been contraindicated because of concerns over hemochromatosis, and serious questions raised in studies for men, postmenopausal women, and nonanemic patients with liver disease, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, or cancer. In the early days of television, the marketing of Geritol was involved in the quiz show scandal, as


title: "Tao Yuanming" content: to Nature and Freedom. </poem> Tao's poems greatly influenced the ensuing poetry of the Tang and Song Dynasties. A great admirer of Tao, Du Fu wrote a poem "Oh, Such a Shame" of life in the countryside: Aside from his poems, Tao is also known for his short, influential, and intriguing prose depiction of a land hidden from the outside world called ""Peach Blossom Spring"" (桃花源記). The name "Peach Blossom Spring" (桃花源 "Tao Hua Yuan") has since become the standard Chinese term for 'utopia'.Recently, in September of 2018, Johnson K. Gao composed a song for the poem "Peach Blossom Spring"


title: "Giant hummingbird" content: Giant hummingbird The giant hummingbird ("Patagona gigas") is the only member of the genus "Patagona" and the largest member of the hummingbird family, weighing and having a wingspan of approximately and length of . This is approximately the same length as a European starling or a northern cardinal, though the giant hummingbird is considerably lighter because it has a slender build and long bill, making the body a smaller proportion of the total length. This weight is almost twice that of the next heaviest hummingbird species and ten times that of the smallest, the bee hummingbird. In Bolivia, the giant


title: "Giant hummingbird" content: Island believe that if a woman captures a hummingbird then they will gain great fertility from it. This is also the species that inspired the people of the Mapuche territory of Chile to create the Nazca hummingbird geoglyph. Giant hummingbird The giant hummingbird ("Patagona gigas") is the only member of the genus "Patagona" and the largest member of the hummingbird family, weighing and having a wingspan of approximately and length of . This is approximately the same length as a European starling or a northern cardinal, though the giant hummingbird is considerably lighter because it has a slender build and


title: "Major Major Major Major" content: Major Major Major Major Major Major Major Major is a fictional character in Joseph Heller's novel "Catch-22", whose name and rank is the title of chapter 9. Philip D. Beidler comments that "one of the novel's great absurd jokes is the character's bewildering resemblance to Henry Fonda". The other joke about the character is his name. The novel relates that Maj. Major was named "Major Major Major" by his father, as a joke – passing up such lesser possibilities such as "Drum Major, Minor Major, Sergeant Major, or C Sharp Major". The addition of the rank of Major was the


title: "Major Major Major Major" content: result of "an IBM machine with a sense of humor almost as keen as his father's". Heller echoes the eponymous character in Edwin Arlington Robinson's poem "Miniver Cheevy" in his initial description of Maj. Major as "born too late and too mediocre". The character is further described as having "three strikes against him from the beginning – his mother, his father, and Henry Fonda, to whom he bore a sickly resemblance almost from the moment of his birth. Long before he even suspected who Henry Fonda was, he found himself the subject of unflattering comparisons everywhere he went. Total strangers


title: "Major Major Major Major" content: saw fit to deprecate him, with the result that he was stricken early with a guilty fear of people and an obsequious impulse to apologize to society for the fact that he was not Henry Fonda." After his promotion to squadron commander by Colonel Cathcart, "[p]eople who had hardly noticed his resemblance to Henry Fonda before now never ceased discussing it, and there were even those who hinted sinisterly that Major Major had been elevated to squadron commander because he resembled Henry Fonda. Captain Black, who had aspired to the position himself, maintained that Major Major really was Henry Fonda


title: "Major Major Major Major" content: but was too chickenshit to admit it." Maj. Major was portrayed by Bob Newhart in Mike Nichols' 1970 film adaptation of the novel. Beidler asks, rhetorically, what to make of this, given that Newhart's lack of any resemblance to Fonda eliminates the entire joke. He provides one answer, namely that the joke was simply discarded because Henry Fonda himself no longer physically resembled the Henry Fonda of the 1955 film "Mister Roberts", let alone the Fonda of World War Two, whose wartime career had in part resembled some aspects of the fictional Maj. Major, in that Fonda, after transferring to


title: "Major Major Major Major" content: service HQ in New York City, was abruptly promoted to Lieutenant Junior Grade in a style similar to that of Maj. Major's promotion. Working from the basis of a resemblance to Henry Fonda, and from the thesis that people in the novel were, contrary to Heller's claims, heavily inspired by people and events from his own wartime experiences, Daniel Setzer deduces that the real-world inspiration for the character of Maj. Major was Randall C. Casada, who was Heller's squadron commander when he was stationed on Corsica. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Professor of Literature Alan Nadel observes that Maj. Major is "perhaps


title: "Major Major Major Major" content: the exemplary null set in the novel". Everything about the character, he states, signifies nothing: The character's name is an empty repetition of "the name of authority". The character's promotion to squadron commander is meaningless. ("'You're the new squadron commander,' Colonel Cathcart had shouted rudely across the railroad ditch to him. 'But don't think it means anything, because it doesn't. All it means is that you're the new squadron commander.'") Even the character's physical identity is not his own, but rather that of Henry Fonda. Beidler describes him as "the ultimate product "of" and operational cog "in" the "Catch-22" machine"


title: "Major Major Major Major" content: and "the definitive good Joe in a bad situation". Relating "Catch-22" characters to William J. Goode's sociological definition of ineptitude, Jerry M. Lewis and Stanford W. Gregory describe Maj. Major as the "clearest portrayal of an inept rôle" in the novel. They give three reasons for this: Maj. Major "always followed the rules, yet no-one liked him or trusted him"; his swift promotion to the rank of Major where he then remains is "a clear foreshadowing of the Peter Principle"; and the anathema to Maj. Major of being identified with Fonda, a symbol of competence, causes Maj. Major to retreat


title: "Major Major Major Major" content: from everyone around him, making efforts to hide and to become, in the novel's words, a recluse "[i]n the midst of a few foreign acres teeming with more than two hundred people". Lewis and Gregory state that "Catch-22" supports a thesis that goes beyond Goode's, namely that the inept can identify their own ineptitude, and become active participants in its own institutionalization; whereas Goode asserts that the inept only ever have a passive role and can do little but accept their lot in life. Stephen W. Potts, a lecturer in literature, describes chapter 9 of the novel as making "broad


title: "Major Major Major Major" content: use of the rhetorical motifs of contradiction, negation, and deflation", from the echolalia of the chapter title ("Major Major Major Major") onwards. Potts also discusses Maj. Major's father. Notes Bibliography Further reading Major Major Major Major Major Major Major Major is a fictional character in Joseph Heller's novel "Catch-22", whose name and rank is the title of chapter 9. Philip D. Beidler comments that "one of the novel's great absurd jokes is the character's bewildering resemblance to Henry Fonda". The other joke about the character is his name. The novel relates that Maj. Major was named "Major Major Major" by


title: "Oil paint" content: Oil paint Oil paint is a type of slow-drying paint that consists of particles of pigment suspended in a drying oil, commonly linseed oil. The viscosity of the paint may be modified by the addition of a solvent such as turpentine or white spirit, and varnish may be added to increase the glossiness of the dried oil paint film. Oil paints have been used in Europe since the 12th century for simple decoration, but were not widely adopted as an artistic medium until the early 15th century. Common modern applications of oil paint are in finishing and protection of wood


title: "Oil paint" content: in buildings and exposed metal structures such as ships and bridges. Its hard-wearing properties and luminous colors make it desirable for both interior and exterior use on wood and metal. Due to its slow-drying properties, it has recently been used in paint-on-glass animation. Thickness of coat has considerable bearing on time required for drying: thin coats of oil paint dry relatively quickly. The technical history of the introduction and development of oil paint, and the date of introduction of various additives (driers, thinners) is still—despite intense research since the mid 19th century—not well understood. The literature abounds with incorrect theories


title: "Oil paint" content: and information: in general, anything published before 1952 is suspect. Until 1991 nothing was known about the organic aspect of cave paintings from the Paleolithic era. Many assumptions were made about the "chemistry" of the binders. The oldest known oil paintings date from 650 AD, found in 2008 in caves in Afghanistan's Bamiyan Valley, "using walnut and poppy seed oils." Though the ancient Mediterranean civilizations of Greece, Rome, and Egypt used vegetable oils, there is little evidence to indicate their use as media in painting. Indeed, linseed oil was not used as a medium because of its tendency to dry


title: "Oil paint" content: very slowly, darken, and crack, unlike mastic and wax (the latter of which was used in encaustic painting). Greek writers such as Aetius Amidenus recorded recipes involving the use of oils for drying, such as walnut, poppy, hempseed, pine nut, castor, and linseed. When thickened, the oils became resinous and could be used as varnish to seal and protect paintings from water. Additionally, when yellow pigment was added to oil, it could be spread over tin foil as a less expensive alternative to gold leaf. Early Christian monks maintained these records and used the techniques in their own artworks. Theophilus


title: "Oil paint" content: Presbyter, a 12th-century German monk, recommended linseed oil but advocated against the use of olive oil due to its long drying time. Oil paint was mainly used as it is today in house decoration, as a tough waterproof cover for exposed woodwork, especially outdoors. In the 13th century, oil was used to detail tempera paintings. In the 14th century, Cennino Cennini described a painting technique utilizing tempera painting covered by light layers of oil. The slow-drying properties of organic oils were commonly known to early painters. However, the difficulty in acquiring and working the materials meant that they were rarely


title: "Oil paint" content: used (and indeed the slow drying was seen as a disadvantage). As public preference for naturalism increased, the quick-drying tempera paints became insufficient to achieve the very detailed and precise effects that oil could achieve. The Early Netherlandish painting of the 15th century saw the rise of the panel painting purely in oils, or oil painting, or works combining tempera and oil painting, and by the 16th century easel painting in pure oils had become the norm, using much the same techniques and materials found today. The claim by Vasari that Jan van Eyck "invented" oil painting, while it has


title: "Oil paint" content: cast a long shadow, is not correct, but van Eyck's "use" of oil paint achieved novel results in terms of precise detail and mixing colours wet-on-wet with a skill hardly equalled since. Van Eyck’s mixture may have consisted of piled glass, calcined bones, and mineral pigments boiled in linseed oil until they reached a viscous state—or he may have simply used sun-thickened oils (slightly oxidized by Sun exposure). He left no written documentation. The Flemish-trained or influenced Antonello da Messina, who Vasari wrongly credited with the introduction of oil paint to Italy, does seem to have improved the formula by


title: "Oil paint" content: adding litharge, or lead (II) oxide. The new mixture had a honey-like consistency and better drying properties (drying evenly without cracking). This mixture was known as "oglio cotto"—"cooked oil." Leonardo da Vinci later improved these techniques by cooking the mixture at a very low temperature and adding 5 to 10% beeswax, which prevented darkening of the paint. Giorgione, Titian, and Tintoretto each may have altered this recipe for their own purposes. The paint tube was invented in 1841 by portrait painter John Goffe Rand, superseding pig bladders and glass syringes as the primary tool of paint transport. Artists, or their


title: "Oil paint" content: assistants, previously ground each pigment by hand, carefully mixing the binding oil in the proper proportions. Paints could now be produced in bulk and sold in tin tubes with a cap. The cap could be screwed back on and the paints preserved for future use, providing flexibility and efficiency to painting outdoors. The manufactured paints had a balanced consistency that the artist could thin with oil, turpentine, or other mediums. Paint in tubes also changed the way some artists approached painting. The artist Pierre-Auguste Renoir said, “Without tubes of paint, there would have been no Impressionism.” For the impressionists, tubed


title: "Ringo Sheena" content: the story of her short film "Tanpen Kinema Hyaku-Iro Megane". On May 31, 2004, Sheena formed a band called . The band was first introduced in Sheena's "Sugoroku Ecstasy" tour and is featured on Sheena's "Electric Mole" DVD. The original lineup of Tokyo Jihen was Ringo Sheena (vocals, guitar, melodica); (guitar, backing vocals); (bass guitar); , also known as , (keyboard/piano); and (drums). All of them were members of the back-up band for Sheena Ringo's solo tour "Sugoroku Ecstasy" in 2003. Hiizumi and Hirama left Tokyo Jihen in July 2005, and the band selected two new members: , also known


title: "Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority" content: Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority The Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority (NFTA) is a New York State public-benefit corporation responsible for the public transportation oversight of Erie and Niagara counties in the state of New York. The NFTA, as an authority, oversees a number of subsidiaries, including the NFTA Metro bus and rail system, the Buffalo-Niagara International Airport, the Niagara Falls International Airport and NFTA Small Boat Harbor. The NFTA Metro bus and rail system is a multi-modal agency, utilizing various vehicle modes (diesel bus, diesel-hybrid bus, CNG bus, light rail and cut-away van), using the brand names: NFTA Metro Bus, NFTA


title: "Okinawa woodpecker" content: Okinawa woodpecker The is a woodpecker endemic to the Okinawa Prefecture of Japan. It was previously placed in the monotypic genus "Sapheopipo". Other common names for this species are Noguchi's woodpecker, Okinawan woodpecker, Pryer's woodpecker and Ryukyu woodpecker. Some taxonomic authorities place this species in the monotypic genus "Sapheopipo". This is a medium-sized (31 cm), dark woodpecker. It is dark brown in color with red-tipped feathers. It has white spots on the primaries. The head is a paler brown, with a dark red crown on the male and a blackish-brown one on the female. The call is a sharp whit


title: "Metro Transit (Minnesota)" content: Metro Transit (Minnesota) Metro Transit is the primary public transportation operator in the Minneapolis–Saint Paul area of the U.S. state of Minnesota and the largest operator in the state. The system is a division of the Metropolitan Council, the region’s metropolitan planning organization (MPO), averaging 264,347 riders each weekday, carrying 90% to 95% of the transit riders in the region on a combined network of regular-route buses, light rail and commuter rail. The remainder of Twin Cities transit ridership is generally split among suburban “opt-out” carriers operating out of cities that have chosen not to participate in the Metro Transit


title: "Metro Transit (Minnesota)" content: and made some headlines in the early 2000s. This system will be more widely deployed under the Urban Partnership Agreement that assisted in the Marq2 project. Metro Transit operates service to 28 transit centers, which provide connection points for bus and rail service throughout the metropolitan area. Metro Transit operates service to 79 park and ride lots and ramps, with a total of 13,829 parking spaces. These lots allow commuters to park their cars for free and take buses and trains to the downtown areas to avoid traffic congestion and parking fees. Metro Transit operates the Gillig Phantom, Gillig Advantage


title: Kusarigama content: Kusarigama The is a traditional Japanese weapon that consists of a "kama" (the Japanese equivalent of a sickle) on a kusari-fundo – a type of metal chain ("kusari") with a heavy iron weight ("fundo") at the end. The kusarigama is said to have developed during the "Muromachi period". The art of handling the kusarigama is called "kusarigamajutsu". Attacking with the weapon usually entailed swinging the weighted chain in a large circle over one's head, and then whipping it forward to entangle an opponent's spear, sword, or other weapon, or immobilizing his arms or legs. This allows the kusarigama user to


title: "Acura RL" content: torque vectoring, can have a steering effect. As the car speeds around a curve, torque vectored to the outside rear wheel will push the rear end around the curve faster, just as paddling the outside oar of a row boat faster than the inside oar will cause the row boat to turn, to minimize the understeer common in front-heavy vehicles. The first-generation RL was powered by a 225 hp (168 kW) 90° C-series V6 non-VTEC engine. The second-generation RL uses a newer design 60° J-series 3.5 L V6 SOHC VTEC engine delivering 300 hp (224 kW; later revised to due


title: "Acura RL" content: Package plus CMBS/PAX trim level had no 2005 equivalent, though it was most similar to the 2006 Technology Package that had also included ACC/CMBS and PAX technologies. While the label "CMBS/PAX" might appear to indicate ACC was dropped as a feature, in reality, ACC was an extension of the CMBS system, and so was included. As noted above, the MP3 audio player feature (really usable for any device with a 3.5 mm headphone jack) was added to all trim levels. An integrated rearview camera was added to the top two trim levels. An integrated rearview camera could be added to


title: "Acura RL" content: the non-navigation Base model as a dealer installed option. The Base model optional rearview camera was installed in the same manner and position as on the 2006 models, mounted dead center in the trunk trim, with the trunk release button displaced to the right of center (passenger side). The difference was subtle, but the factory rearview camera installation on the Technology Package and the Technology Package with CMBS/PAX is to the left side (driver's side) of the center-mounted trunk release. In 2005 and 2006, all models came standard with "genuine curly maple wood dashboard trim." With the introduction of three


title: Calormen content: cultural settings of Narnia, Archenland, and Calormen to develop a theme of freedom in contrast to slavery. Lewis depicts the Calormene culture as one in which a primary guiding principle is that the weak must make way for the strong: For in Tashbaan there is only one traffic regulation, which is that everyone who is less important has to get out of the way for everyone who is more important; unless you want a cut from a whip or a punch from the butt end of a spear. He also reveals the motivation for Calormene attempts to invade Archenland and,


title: "Bob and Doug McKenzie" content: second album, a "soundtrack" to their movie "Strange Brew", was released in 1983. The album featured dialogue and music from the film, as well as new skits made specifically for the album that centered around the movie. The lead off track was appropriately entitled "This Isn't Our Second Album". The album sold poorly and was out-of-print soon after. The sketch's signature "Coo roo coo coo, coo coo coo coo" theme, according to Dave Thomas in an interview on "", is an exaggeration of the flute music used in 60-second Canadian television nature vignettes, such as "Hinterland Who's Who". The duo


title: Lecture content: Lecture A lecture (from the French "lecture", meaning reading) is an oral presentation intended to present information or teach people about a particular subject, for example by a university or college teacher. Lectures are used to convey critical information, history, background, theories, and equations. A politician's speech, a minister's sermon, or even a businessman's sales presentation may be similar in form to a lecture. Usually the lecturer will stand at the front of the room and recite information relevant to the lecture's content. Though lectures are much criticised as a teaching method, universities have not yet found practical alternative teaching


title: Lecture content: methods for the large majority of their courses. Critics point out that lecturing is mainly a one-way method of communication that does not involve significant audience participation but relies upon passive learning. Therefore, lecturing is often contrasted to active learning. Lectures delivered by talented speakers can be highly stimulating; at the very least, lectures have survived in academia as a quick, cheap, and efficient way of introducing large numbers of students to a particular field of study. Lectures have a significant role outside the classroom, as well. Academic and scientific awards routinely include a lecture as part of the honor,


title: Lecture content: and academic conferences often center on "keynote addresses", i.e., lectures. The public lecture has a long history in the sciences and in social movements. Union halls, for instance, historically have hosted numerous free and public lectures on a wide variety of matters. Similarly, churches, community centers, libraries, museums, and other organizations have hosted lectures in furtherance of their missions or their constituents' interests. Lectures represent a continuation of oral tradition in contrast to textual communication in books and other media. Lectures may be considered a type of grey literature. The noun "lecture" dates from 14th century, meaning "action of reading,


title: Lecture content: that which is read," from the Latin "lectus", pp. of "legere" "to read." Its subsequent meaning as "oral discourse on a given subject before an audience for purposes of instruction" is from the 16th century. The verb "to lecture" is attested from 1590. The noun "lectern" refers to the reading desk used by lecturers. The practice in the medieval university was for the instructor to read from an original source to a class of students who took notes on the lecture. The reading from original sources evolved into the reading of glosses on an original and then more generally to


title: Lecture content: lecture notes. Throughout much of history, the diffusion of knowledge via handwritten lecture notes was an essential element of academic life. Even in the twentieth century, the lecture notes taken by students, or prepared by a scholar for a lecture, have sometimes achieved wide circulation (see, for example, the genesis of Ferdinand de Saussure's "Cours de linguistique générale"). Many lecturers were, and still are, accustomed to simply reading their own notes from the lectern for exactly that purpose. Nevertheless, modern lectures generally incorporate additional activities, e.g. writing on a chalk-board, exercises, class questions and discussions, or student presentations. The use


title: Lecture content: of multimedia presentation software such as Microsoft PowerPoint has changed the form of lectures, e.g. video, graphics, websites, or prepared exercises may be included. Most commonly, however, only outlines composed of "bullet points" are presented. Critics such as Edward Tufte contend that this style of lecture bombards the audience with unnecessary and possibly distracting or confusing graphics. A modified lecture format, generally presented in 5 to 15 minute short segments, is now commonly presented as video, for example in massive open online courses (MOOCs) or in programs such as the Khan Academy. Bligh, in "What's the Use of Lectures?", argues


title: Lecture content: that lectures "represent a conception of education in which teachers who know give knowledge to students who do not and are therefore supposed to have nothing worth contributing." Based on his review of numerous studies, he concludes that lecturing is as effective, but not more effective, as any other teaching method in transmitting information. Nevertheless, lecturing is not the most effective method for promoting student thought, changing attitudes, or teaching behavioral skills. Bligh summarises research on memory to show the significance of the meaningfulness of material on retention (Marks and Miller 1964) and the importance of immediate rehearsal of information


title: Lecture content: (Bassey 1968). He relates his own research on arousal during lectures to suggest a decrement in attention during the first 25 minutes. Lloyd (1968) and Scerbo et al. (1992) showed that students take less and less notes as lectures proceed. Bligh shows that after a short break filled by buzz group discussion, attention will recover somewhat. The largest section of Bligh's book is devoted to lecturing technique, particularly the organisation of lectures, how to make a point, the effectiveness of taking notes, the use of handouts, and ways of obtaining feedback. Early editions of the book contained a reply paid


title: Lecture content: evaluation card. This research showed that the section on alternative teaching methods within lectures was the most highly praised. The conception of the lecture as needing to be a didactic event has been challenged by Meltzer and Manivannan (2002) and Sandry (2005) who maintain that lectures can involve active learning. However, Elliot (2005) sees difficulties in the encouragement of active learning with phenomena such as social loafing and evaluation apprehension causing audience members to be reluctant to participate. A possible solution to the encouragement of audience involvement in lectures is the use of an audience response system which allows audience


title: Lecture content: members to participate anonymously. The effectiveness of traditional lecture is and has been debated. Some advantages of lecturing include: quick exposure to new material, greater teacher control in the classroom, an engaging format, which may complement and clarify course material, and facilitating large-class communication. Lecturing also permits the dissemination of unpublished or not readily available material. There has been much debate as to whether or not lecturing actually improves student learning in the classroom. Commonly cited disadvantages of lecture include: placing students in a passive (rather than an active) role, encouraging one-way communication, requiring significant out-of-class time for students to


title: "National Association of Theatre Owners" content: 1984 ShoWest Convention 1985 ShoWest Convention 1986 ShoWest Convention 1987 ShoWest Convention 1988 ShoWest Convention 1989 ShoWest Convention 1990 ShoWest Convention 1991 ShoWest Convention 1992 ShoWest Convention 1993 ShoWest Convention 1994 ShoWest Convention 1995 ShoWest Convention 1996 ShoWest Convention 1997 ShoWest Convention 1998 ShoWest Convention 1999 ShoWest Convention 2000 ShoWest Convention 2001 ShoWest Convention 2002 ShoWest Convention 2003 ShoWest Convention 2004 ShoWest Convention 2005 ShoWest Convention 2006 ShoWest Convention 2007 ShoWest Convention 2008 ShoWest Convention 2009 ShoWest Convention 2010 ShoWest Convention 2011 ShoWest Convention 2014 The remaining Nielsen Media event properties include CineEurope held in Barcelona, Spain in June, CineAsia


title: "Perfect graph theorem" content: Perfect graph theorem In graph theory, the perfect graph theorem of states that an undirected graph is perfect if and only if its complement graph is also perfect. This result had been conjectured by , and it is sometimes called the weak perfect graph theorem to distinguish it from the strong perfect graph theorem characterizing perfect graphs by their forbidden induced subgraphs. A perfect graph is an undirected graph with the property that, in every one of its induced subgraphs, the size of the largest clique equals the minimum number of colors in a coloring of the subgraph. Perfect graphs


title: "Sonoma Raceway" content: 2002 separated the road course from the drag strip. The Sonoma Historic Motorsports Festival, an annual classic car racing event, uses the full circuit. In 2019, NASCAR will begin to use the full circuit. The track was modified in 1998, adding "the Chute", which bypassed turns 5 and 6 (the Carousel), shortening the course to . The Chute is only used for NASCAR events such as the Toyota/Save Mart 350, and was criticized by many drivers, who prefer the full layout. In 2001, it was replaced with the 70° turn, 4A bringing the track to its current dimensions of .


title: Linoleum content: Linoleum Linoleum, also called Lino, is a floor covering made from materials such as solidified linseed oil (linoxyn), pine rosin, ground cork dust, wood flour, and mineral fillers such as calcium carbonate, most commonly on a burlap or canvas backing. Pigments are often added to the materials to create the desired colour finish. The finest linoleum floors, known as "inlaid", are extremely durable, and were made by joining and inlaying solid pieces of linoleum. Cheaper patterned linoleum came in different grades or gauges, and were printed with thinner layers which were more prone to wear and tear. High quality linoleum


title: Linoleum content: is flexible and thus can be used in buildings where a more rigid material (such as ceramic tile) would crack. Linoleum was invented by Englishman Frederick Walton. In 1855, Walton happened to notice the rubbery, flexible skin of solidified linseed oil (linoxyn) that had formed on a can of oil-based paint and thought that it might form a substitute for India rubber. Raw linseed oil oxidizes very slowly, but Walton accelerated the process by heating it with lead acetate and zinc sulfate. This made the oil form a resinous mass into which lengths of cheap cotton cloth were dipped until


title: Linoleum content: a thick coating formed. The coating was then scraped off and boiled with benzene or similar solvents to form a varnish. Walton initially planned to sell his varnish to the makers of water-repellent fabrics such as oilcloth, and patented the process in 1860. However, his method had problems: the cotton cloth soon fell apart, and it took months to produce enough of the linoxyn. Little interest was shown in Walton's varnish. In addition, his first factory burned down, and he suffered from persistent and painful rashes. Walton soon came up with an easier way to transfer the oil to the


title: Linoleum content: cotton sheets, by hanging them vertically and sprinkling the oil from above, and he tried mixing the linoxyn with sawdust and cork dust to make it less tacky. In 1863 he applied for a further patent, which read: "For these purposes canvas or other suitable strong fabrics are coated over on their upper surfaces with a composition of oxidized oil, cork dust, and gum or resin ... such surfaces being afterward printed, embossed, or otherwise ornamented. The back or under surfaces of such fabrics are coated with a coating of such oxidized oils, or oxidized oils and gum or resin,


title: Linoleum content: and by preference without an admixture of cork." At first Walton called his invention "Kampticon", which was deliberately close to Kamptulicon, the name of an existing floor covering, but he soon changed it to Linoleum, which he derived from the Latin words "linum" (flax) and "oleum" (oil). In 1864 he established the Linoleum Manufacturing Company Ltd., with a factory at Staines, near London. The new product did not prove immediately popular, mainly due to intense competition from the makers of Kamptulicon and oilcloth. The company operated at a loss for its first five years, until Walton began an intensive advertising


title: Linoleum content: campaign and opened two shops in London for the exclusive sale of Linoleum. Walton's friend Jerimiah Clarke designed the linoleum patterns, typically with a Grecian urn motif around the borders. Other inventors began their own experiments after Walton took out his patent, and in 1871 William Parnacott took out a patent for a method of producing linoxyn by blowing hot air into a tank of linseed oil for several hours, then cooling the material in trays. Unlike Walton's process, which took weeks, Parnacott's method took only a day or two, although the quality of the linoxyn was not as good.


title: Linoleum content: Despite this, many manufacturers opted to use the less expensive Parnacott process. Walton soon faced competition from other manufacturers, including a company which bought the rights to Parnacott’s process, and launched its own floor covering, which it named Corticine, from the Latin "cortex" (bark or rind). Corticine was mainly made of cork dust and linoxyn without a cloth backing, and became popular because it was cheaper than linoleum. By 1869 Walton's factory in Staines, England was exporting to Europe and the United States. In 1877, the Scottish town of Kirkcaldy, in Fife, became the largest producer of linoleum in the


title: Linoleum content: with granite, marbled, and jaspé (striped) linoleum. For the granite variety, granules of various colours of linoleum cement were mixed together, before being hot-rolled. If the granules were not completely mixed before rolling, the result was marbled or jaspé patterns. Walton’s next product was inlaid linoleum, which resembled encaustic tiles, in 1882. Previously, linoleum had been produced in solid colours, with patterns printed on the surface if required. In inlaid linoleum, the colours extend all the way through to the backing cloth. Inlaid linoleum was made using a stencil type method where different-coloured granules were placed in shaped metal trays,


title: Linoleum content: after which the sheets were run through heated rollers to fuse them to the backing cloth. In 1898 Walton devised a process for making straight-line inlaid linoleum that allowed for crisp, sharp geometric designs. This involved strips of uncured linoleum being cut and pieced together patchwork-fashion before being hot-rolled. Embossed inlaid linoleum was not introduced until 1926. The heavier gauges of linoleum are known as “battleship linoleum”, and are mainly used in high-traffic situations like offices and public buildings. It was originally manufactured to meet the specifications of the U.S. Navy for warship deck covering on enclosed decks instead of


title: Linoleum content: wood, hence the name. Most U.S. Navy warships removed their linoleum deck coverings following the attack on Pearl Harbor, as they were considered too flammable. (Use of linoleum persisted in U.S. Navy submarines.) Royal Navy warships used the similar product “Corticine”. Early in the twentieth century, a group of Dresden artists adapted the printmaking techniques for woodcut prints to linoleum, thus creating the linocut printmaking technique. Prominent artists who created linocut prints included Picasso and Henri Matisse. Linoleum has largely been replaced as a floor covering by polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which is often colloquially but incorrectly called linoleum or lino.


title: "Omaha Storm Chasers" content: New Mexico against the Albuquerque Isotopes. Mike Montgomery started the game for the Storm Chasers and Clint Robinson hit a homerun in the top of the second inning, giving him the first hit, homerun, and RBI in the team's history as the Storm Chasers. The first win for the team came two days later when they took the third game of the series against the Isotopes, 10–4. Pitcher Kevin Pucetas got the win. The home opener at Werner Park was to be on April 15, but was postponed due to rain. As such, the first Storm Chasers home game was


title: "Holden Special Vehicles" content: only 302 were ultimately produced in non-sequential order meaning that build number 450 may exist while build number 100 may not. The VN Group A SS was the last Holden built as a homologation racing special. Other models used either or versions of the same V8 except the SV3800, which had a 3.8-litre V6. In 1990, the first HSV Maloo was released, based on the VG series Holden Ute of the time. The lighter Ute body provided a performance edge over the other HSV sedan counterparts. Models based on the long-wheelbase Holden VQ Caprice were released soon after. The SV90


title: "Steve Zodiac" content: Steve Zodiac Steve Zodiac (pseudonym adopted from the lead character of Fireball XL5) is a rock guitarist and prolific songwriter, who gained recognition in the early 1980s as frontman of new wave of British heavy metal band Vardis. He is credited as writer of classic heavy metal songs "If I Were King", "Lets Go", and "100mph"; and had a Fender Telecaster. He also experimented with bagpipes on the track "Police Patrol" from the 1982 album "Quo Vardis", worked with Jools Holland (Squeeze), Andy Bown (Status Quo & Pink Floyd), Ron Asprey, Terry Horbury (Dirty Tricks) and Judd Lander. Steve is


title: "San Antonio Missions" content: team joined the new Houston Colt .45s organization. The idea behind the name was that the team's prospects would be the "bullets to the gun" of the .45s team. The Bullets boasted 30 prospects that would go on to see time in Major League Baseball, including Hall-of-Famer Joe Morgan and two-time National League All-Star Jerry Grote. In 1965, the San Antonio franchise moved to Amarillo. Three years later, in 1968, baseball returned to San Antonio, again taking on the Missions name, as part of an expansion of the Texas League. Again playing as a Cubs affiliate, another 42 future big


title: "San Antonio Missions" content: them occasionally as the Missions. The Dodgers responded by officially changing their nickname back to Missions for the 1988 season. The Missions were the Double-A affiliate of the Los Angeles Dodgers until 2000, making the relationship the longest-standing major league affiliation held by the San Antonio franchise. During the partnership, Dodgers legends frequented the Alamo City, including Tommy Lasorda. In the 23 years with Los Angeles, some 211 players went on to see time in the majors. That includes players like Ron Washington (1977), Bob Welch (1977), Ron Roenicke (1978–1979), Mike Scioscia (1978), Dave Stewart (1978), Orel Hershiser (1980–1981, 1991),


title: "Matrix exponential" content: Evaluation by implementation of Sylvester's formula above. In the case = 2 we get the following statement. The solution to is where the functions and are as in Subsection Evaluation by Laurent series above. The matrix exponential of another matrix (matrix-matrix exponential), is defined as for any normal and non-singular matrix, and any complex matrix. For matrix-matrix exponentials, there is a distinction between the left exponential and the right exponential , because the multiplication operator for matrix-to-matrix is not commutative. Moreover, Matrix exponential In mathematics, the matrix exponential is a matrix function on square matrices analogous to the ordinary exponential


title: "Honolulu Harbor" content: Honolulu Harbor Honolulu Harbor, also called Kulolia and Ke Awa O Kou, is the principal seaport of Honolulu and the State of Hawaii in the United States. It is from Honolulu Harbor, that the City & County of Honolulu was developed and urbanized, in an outward fashion, over the course of the modern history of the island of Oahu. It includes Matson, Inc. harbors on Sand Island. Honolulu Harbor is administered by the Hawaii State Department of Transportation Harbors Division. Honolulu Harbor handles over 11 million tons of cargo annually. The services that the harbor provides are crucial as Hawaii


title: Dollhouse content: 21st centuries are or two third inch scale (where 1 foot is represented by 2/3 of an inch). Common brands include Lundby (Sweden), Renwal, Plasco, Marx, Petite Princess, and T. Cohn (all American) and Caroline's Home, Barton, Dol-Toi and Tri-ang (English). A few brands use 1:16 or 3/4"-scale. The most common standard for adult collectors is scale, also called 1" or one inch scale (where 1 foot is represented by 1 inch.) Among adult collectors there are also smaller scales which are much more common in the United States than in Britain. or half inch scale (1 foot is 1/2")


title: Dollhouse content: Castle in Denmark, a miniature castle that was hand-built by James Hicks & Sons, Irish Cabinet Makers who were commissioned by Sir Neville Wilkinson from 1907 to 1922. The palace is 4' 1" tall, contains 18 rooms, and required 15 years to construct. It was built in Ireland but was won by Denmark in a bidding war in 1978 at Sotheby's London Auction house. "Tara's Palace" is located in the Tara's Palace Museum of Childhood in the grounds of Powerscourt Estate near Enniskerry, Ireland. It required 10 years to build, is 4'6" in height, contains 22 rooms, and was built


title: Dollhouse content: later donated to the town of Tampere. The museum also contains dozens of roomboxes with Moomin characters, all made by Tuulikki Pietilä. The Dollhouse Museum () in Basel, Switzerland is the largest museum of its kind in Europe. Dollhouse A dollhouse or doll's house is a toy home made in miniature. For the last century, dollhouses have primarily been the domain of children but their collection and crafting is also a hobby for many adults. The term "dollhouse" is used commonly in the United States and Canada. In the UK (United Kingdom) the term "dolls' house" or "dollshouse" is used.


title: "NASA Pathfinder" content: the aircraft was adopted into the ERAST project in late 1993, solar cells were being added, eventually covering the entire upper surface of the wing. The solar arrays provide power for the aircraft's electric motors, avionics, communications and other electronic systems. Pathfinder also had a backup battery system that can provide power for between two and five hours to allow limited-duration flight after dark. Pathfinder flies at an airspeed of only to . Pitch control is maintained by the use of tiny elevators on the trailing edge of the wing Turn and yaw control is accomplished by slowing down or


title: "Hibernating myocardium" content: Hibernating myocardium In cardiology, hibernating myocardium is a state when some segments of the myocardium exhibit abnormalities of contractile function. These abnormalities can be visualised with echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), nuclear medicine (PET) or ventriculography. Echocardiography: A wall motion abnormality at rest which improves during a low-dose dobutamine stress test is classified as "hibernating myocardium". Low dose dobutamine stimulates contractile function and thus helps to predict functional recovery after revascularization. Cardiac magnetic resonance: The most frequently used MR contrast agents based on Gd-chelates accumulate in the extracellular space which is increased in scarred myocardium. This leads to a


title: "Hibernating myocardium" content: signal increase which can be visualised with the "late gadolinium enhancement technique". This is probably the most accurate way to visualise scarred myocardium. An alternative (or additional) technique with CMR is the use of low dose dobutamine similar to echocardiography. PET: The finding of a perfusion or metabolic mismatch between PET-FDG and PET-NH is indicative of decreased metabolism. The wall of the affected segments is hypo-, a-, or dyskinetic. The phenomenon is highly significant clinically because it usually manifests itself in the setting of chronic ischemia, that is potentially reversible by revascularisation via cardiac catheterization. The regions of myocardium are


title: "Hibernating myocardium" content: still viable and can return to normal function. There develops a new steady state between myocardial blood flow (MBF) and myocardial function, MBF reduced and in consequence function is reduced too. The clinical situations where one can expect hibernating myocardium are: Hibernating myocardium In cardiology, hibernating myocardium is a state when some segments of the myocardium exhibit abnormalities of contractile function. These abnormalities can be visualised with echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), nuclear medicine (PET) or ventriculography. Echocardiography: A wall motion abnormality at rest which improves during a low-dose dobutamine stress test is classified as "hibernating myocardium". Low dose


title: "The Shaggy Dog (1959 film)" content: a never-made TV series and advertised as "the funniest shaggy dog story ever told", although it is not in fact a story of that genre. The director was Charles Barton, who also directed "Spin and Marty" for "The Mickey Mouse Club". Veteran screenwriter Lillie Hayward also worked on the "Spin and Marty" serials, which featured several of the same young actors as "The Shaggy Dog". Disney producer Bill Walsh mused that "The Shaggy Dog" was the direct inspiration for the TV show "My Three Sons", Walsh said "Same kids, same dog and Fred MacMurray!" Veteran Disney voice actor Paul Frees


title: Clayton-le-Moors content: Hyndburn Bridge, Forts Arms, The Royal Oak, Old England Forever, Wellington Hotel, Sparth Manor - built at an unknown date but sold for the first time in 1556, and the Conservative Club. There were three Working Men's Clubs, known colloquially as the Top, Middle and Bottom Clubs. The Top Club closed in the 2000s and became an Restaurant. The Come and Welcome was the Middle Club and no longer functions, but the Bottom Club – Park View – remains open. Perhaps its most famous pub was The Load O' Mischief, which was well known throughout Lancashire. It was situated by


title: Torso content: Torso The torso or trunk is an anatomical term for the central part or core of many animal bodies (including humans) from which extend the neck and limbs. The torso includes: the chest, abdomen, and back. Most critical organs are housed within the torso. In the upper chest, the heart and lungs are protected by the rib cage, and the abdomen contains most of the organs responsible for digestion: the stomach, which breaks down partially digested food via gastric acid; the liver, which respectively produces bile necessary for digestion; the large and small intestines, which extract nutrients from food; the


title: Torso content: anus, from which fecal wastes are egested; the rectum, which stores feces; the gallbladder, which stores and concentrates bile; the kidneys, which produce urine, the ureters, which pass it to the bladder for storage; and the urethra, which excretes urine and in a male passes sperm through the seminal vesicles. Finally, the pelvic region houses both the male and female reproductive organs. The torso also harbours many of the main groups of muscles in the body, including the: The organs, muscles, and other contents of the torso are supplied by nerves, which mainly originate as nerve roots from the thoracic


title: Torso content: and lumbar parts of the spinal cord. Some organs also receive a nerve supply from the vagus nerve. The sensation to the skin is provided by: Torso The torso or trunk is an anatomical term for the central part or core of many animal bodies (including humans) from which extend the neck and limbs. The torso includes: the chest, abdomen, and back. Most critical organs are housed within the torso. In the upper chest, the heart and lungs are protected by the rib cage, and the abdomen contains most of the organs responsible for digestion: the stomach, which breaks down


title: "Vascular resistance" content: Vascular resistance Vascular resistance is the resistance that must be overcome to push blood through the circulatory system and create flow. The resistance offered by the systemic circulation is known as the systemic vascular resistance (SVR) or may sometimes be called by the older term total peripheral resistance (TPR), while the resistance offered by the pulmonary circulation is known as the pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). Systemic vascular resistance is used in calculations of blood pressure, blood flow, and cardiac function. Vasoconstriction (i.e., decrease in blood vessel diameter) increases SVR, whereas vasodilation (increase in diameter) decreases SVR. Units for measuring vascular


title: "Vascular resistance" content: potentiates the actions of adenosine on the coronary vasculature. Vascular resistance Vascular resistance is the resistance that must be overcome to push blood through the circulatory system and create flow. The resistance offered by the systemic circulation is known as the systemic vascular resistance (SVR) or may sometimes be called by the older term total peripheral resistance (TPR), while the resistance offered by the pulmonary circulation is known as the pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). Systemic vascular resistance is used in calculations of blood pressure, blood flow, and cardiac function. Vasoconstriction (i.e., decrease in blood vessel diameter) increases SVR, whereas vasodilation


title: "Penalty shootout" content: football, college football and high school football. Immediately after regulation ends, each team is given the ball within their opponent's territory, between 10 and 25 yards away depending on the league, and begins play from scrimmage until they score or lose possession of the ball. If play is no longer tied after each team has a possession, the game is over; if it remains tied, each team gets one more possession. Unlike shootouts in other sports, all points scored in a gridiron overtime count toward the overall score in the game. Notably, the National Football League does not use this


title: "Hugh Walpole" content: succeeding years. Walpole attended, and met Adolf Hitler, then recently released from prison after an attempted putsch. Hitler was a protégé of Siegfried's wife Winifred, and was known in Bayreuth as "one of Winnie's lame ducks." Walpole later admitted that he had both despised and liked him – "both emotions that time has proved I was wrong to indulge". This and future visits to Bayreuth were complicated by the fact that Winifred Wagner fell in love with Walpole, and attached herself so firmly to him that rumours began to spread. In 1924 Walpole moved into a house near Keswick in


title: "Shane Halter" content: Shane Halter Shane David Halter (born November 8, 1969) is a former Major League Baseball utility player. Halter attended Hooks High School in Hooks, Texas and was a letterman in football, basketball, baseball, track, and golf. Halter played for the Norfolk Tides, a minor league baseball team located in Norfolk, Virginia. Halter played for the Kansas City Royals (1997–1998), New York Mets (1999), Detroit Tigers (2000–2003), and Anaheim Angels (2004). Although he was essentially a backup player, he had notable power and he was adequate defensively in all infield and outfield positions. On October 1, 2000, Halter showed his versatility


title: "Mike Cuellar" content: had been divided into East and West Divisions). For his outstanding year, Cuellar tied the Detroit Tigers' pitcher Denny McLain for the American League Cy Young Award. Cuellar becoming the first pitcher born in Latin America to win the Cy Young Award. (Note that following this tie in the voting, the system for voting was changed in a way that did not eliminate the chances for ties for the Cy Young Award, but it did make this tie far more unlikely. No two pitchers have ever tied for the Cy Young Award in either Major League since then.) Cuellar started


title: Sojitz content: in Indonesia, barite mining in Mexico and industrial salt trading in various markets worldwide. In November 2010, it signed an agreement with the Australian rare earths mining company Lynas to import $350 million worth of rare earth minerals from Lynas' mine in Mount Weld, Australia. Its consumer business operations include trading in grains, feed, sugar, coffee, fish, wood and paper. It owns the Japanese rights to several consumer brands such as Eastpak and McGregor. In June 2006, Sojitz entered into a partnership with American anime distributor ADV Films. This was done as a means of acquiring more titles in the


title: VTEC content: refers to the rocker arm which contains the VTEC switching piston and receives oil from the rocker shaft. The primary exhaust rocker arm contacts a low-profile camshaft lobe during low-RPM engine operation. Once VTEC engagement occurs, the oil pressure flowing from the exhaust rocker shaft into the primary exhaust rocker arm forces the VTEC switching piston into the secondary exhaust rocker arm, thereby locking both exhaust rocker arms together. The high-profile camshaft lobe which normally contacts the secondary exhaust rocker arm alone during low-RPM engine operation is able to move both exhaust rocker arms together which are locked as a


title: "Anchor (brand)" content: Anchor (brand) Anchor is a brand of dairy products that was founded in New Zealand in 1886, and is one of the key brands owned by the New Zealand based international exporter Fonterra Co−operative Group. In Malaysia, Singapore and Taiwan, the Fernleaf brand is used in place of Anchor. Historically, the Anchor brand of milk products in New Zealand was owned by the New Zealand Dairy Group, which merged with Kiwi Co−operative in 2001, to form the mega dairy Co−operative Fonterra. As this merger would leave New Zealand with virtually no competition in the domestic dairy sector, government legislation was


title: "Northern Virginia" content: Fairfax, Manassas, and Manassas Park are as follows: Northern Virginia is home to people from diverse backgrounds, with significant numbers of Korean Americans, Vietnamese Americans, Chinese Americans, Filipino Americans, Russian Americans, Arab Americans, Palestinian Americans, Uzbek Americans, Afghan Americans, Ethiopian Americans, Indian Americans, Iranian Americans, Thai Americans, and Pakistani Americans. Annandale, Chantilly, and Fairfax City have very large Korean American communities. Falls Church has a large Vietnamese American community. Northern Virginia is also home to a small Tibetan American community as well. There is a sizable Hispanic American population, primarily consisting of Salvadoran Americans, Peruvian Americans, Puerto Rican Americans, Cuban


title: Craton content: Craton A craton (, , or ; from "kratos" "strength") is an old and stable part of the continental lithosphere, where the lithosphere consists of the Earth's two topmost layers, the crust and the uppermost mantle. Having often survived cycles of merging and rifting of continents, cratons are generally found in the interiors of tectonic plates. They are characteristically composed of ancient crystalline basement rock, which may be covered by younger sedimentary rock. They have a thick crust and deep lithospheric roots that extend as much as several hundred kilometres into the Earth's mantle. The term "craton" is used to


title: "Continental crust" content: lower continental crust, which is more mafic in character. The continental crust consists of various layers, with a bulk composition that is intermediate to felsic. The average density of continental crust is about 2.7 g/cm, less dense than the ultramafic material that makes up the mantle, which has a density of around 3.3 g/cm. Continental crust is also less dense than oceanic crust, whose density is about 2.9 g/cm. At 25 to 70 km, continental crust is considerably thicker than oceanic crust, which has an average thickness of around 7–10 km. About 40% of Earth's surface is currently occupied by


title: "Continental crust" content: of a grand supercontinent cycle. There are currently about 7 billion cubic kilometers of continental crust, but this quantity varies because of the nature of the forces involved. The relative permanence of continental crust contrasts with the short life of oceanic crust. Because continental crust is less dense than oceanic crust, when active margins of the two meet in subduction zones, the oceanic crust is typically subducted back into the mantle. Continental crust is rarely subducted (this may occur where continental crustal blocks collide and overthicken, causing deep melting under mountain belts such as the Himalayas or the Alps). For


title: "Santa Cruz de la Sierra" content: Mall is located in the city of Santa Cruz. Santa Cruz de la Sierra has one of the best hotel infrastructures in the country. Some of the hotels in the city include Los Tajibos Hotel, Hotel Toborochi, Hotel Buganvillas, Marriott Hotels & Resorts Santa Cruz de la Sierra and Hotel Camino Real. Santa Cruz de la Sierra is twinned with: Santa Cruz de la Sierra Santa Cruz de la Sierra (; 'Holy Cross of the Mountain Range'), commonly known as Santa Cruz, is the largest city in Bolivia and the capital of the Santa Cruz department. Situated on the Pirai


title: "Pilsner Urquell" content: Pilsner Urquell Pilsner Urquell (, ), is a Czech lager brewed by the Pilsner Urquell Brewery in Plzeň (Pilsen), Czech Republic. Pilsner Urquell is the world’s first blond or pale lager, and its popularity meant it was much copied, and many of these copies are named "pils", "pilsner" or "pilsener". It is hopped with Saaz hops (Czech: "Žatec"), named after a town in West Bohemia, a noble hop variety which is a key element in its flavour profile, as is the use of soft water and fire-brewing. It is available in 330 ml, 355 ml and 500 ml aluminium cans


title: "Pilsner Urquell" content: and green or brown bottles. Almost all draught Pilsner Urquell is packaged in kegs and dispensed under carbon dioxide pressure but small quantities are available unpasteurised, unfiltered and naturally conditioned in cask in the Czech Republic and in very limited amounts in Germany, the United Kingdom, the United States, Sweden, Hungary and Austria. Pilsner Urquell is exported in bottles and cans to North America, Australia and other regions. Pilsner Urquell was the first pale lager, and the pilsner name is often used in copies: pilsner. It is characterised by its golden colour and clarity, and was immensely successful: nine out


title: "Pilsner Urquell" content: develop a better beer. On 5 October 1842, Groll had an entirely new mash ready and on 11 November 1842, the new beer was first served at the feast of Saint Martin markets. Bürgerbrauerei registered "Pilsner Bier B B" brand in 1859. In 1898, they also registered "Original Pilsner Bier 1842", "Plzeňský pramen", "Prapramen", "Měšťanské Plzeňské", "Plzeňský pravý zdroj" and finally "Pilsner Urquell" and "Plzeňský Prazdroj" which are in use today. Pilsner Urquell is today brewed in two breweries; in the Pilsen brewery and in Kaluga, Russia. It was brewed between 2002 and 2011 in Tychy in Poland. Pilsner Urquell


title: "Bristol Bulldog" content: since Bristol preferred to use its own engine designs, but was revived in 1926 when Barnwell started work on a design, designated the Bristol 102, to meet either F.9/26 for a day-and-night fighter or N.21/26 for a shipborne fighter. The Type 105 designation was first applied to a subsequent proposal for another aircraft to meet F.9/26 powered by the Mercury engine then under development at Bristol. These proposals looked promising enough for a pair of mockups to be constructed for inspection by the Air Ministry in February 1927. The two aircraft were similar in design, the interceptor to specification F.17/24


title: "Reading Fightin Phils" content: and sleeves with a mustard script "Baseballtown" wordmark outlined in sky blue and black, with the player's number in sky blue right below it. On the left sleeve is the aforementioned Bunbino primary logo, with the Phillies' "P" on the right sleeve again. The Fightin Phils have two alternate uniforms, one home and one away. The home alternate cap is navy blue with a white feathered "F" with an ostrich fist serving as the middle stem. The home alternate jersey is navy blue with white undersleeves, carrying the white "Fightins" feathered script and the player's number in white below it;


title: "Litter box" content: Litter box A litter box, sometimes called a sandbox, litter tray, cat pan, litter pan, or catbox, is an indoor feces and urine collection box for cats, as well as rabbits, ferrets, miniature pigs, small dogs (such as Beagles and Chihuahuas), and other pets that instinctively or through training will make use of such a repository. They are provided for pets that are permitted free roam of a home but who cannot or do not always go outside to relieve themselves. Many owners of these animals prefer not to let them roam outside for fear that they might succumb to


title: "Litter box" content: outdoor dangers, such as weather, wildlife, or traffic (indoor cats, on average, live ten years longer than outdoor cats). A litter box makes it possible to shelter pets from these risks. In the wild, cats naturally excrete in soft or sandy soil for easy burial. They use their paws in a backward sweeping motion to cover their feces. To stimulate this instinctive desire, a litter box's bottom is filled typically with an inch (2.5 cm) or more of cat litter. Litter box filler is a loose, granular material that absorbs moisture and odors such as ammonia. Some litter brands contain


title: "Litter box" content: baking soda to absorb such odors. The litter material also satisfies a cat's instinctive desire to use an easily dug material. The most common material is clay, although recycled paper "pellets" and silica-based "crystal" variants are also used. Sometimes, when an owner wishes to stimulate the cat's natural instincts, natural dirt is used. In the US, cat litter is a $2 billion industry consuming of mined clay annually. The first commercially available cat litters in the United States was "Kitty Litter", available in 1947 and marketed by Ed Lowe. This was the first large-scale use of clay (in the form


title: "Litter box" content: of Fuller's earth) in litter boxes; previously sand was used. Clay litter is much more absorbent than sand and is manufactured into large grains or clumps of clay to make it less likely to be tracked from the litter box. The brand name "Kitty Litter" has become a genericized trademark, used by many to denote any type of cat litter. Today, cat litter can be obtained quite economically at a variety of retail stores. Conventional clay litter is indistinguishable from clay-based oil absorbent (used to clean oil spills); as the latter is far less expensive, it is often used as


title: "Litter box" content: a substitute. Non-clumping cat litter is often made of zeolite, diatomite and sepiolite. The cat-box that the litter is poured into can give off a strong odor. It is recommended that it is kept in an area in the home that is not often used, such as a basement or laundry room. There are special types of litter to cover or lessen the odor. They contain baking soda and/or odorized crystals. If kept in room with an intake vent, an air freshener may be added on the furnace filter to isolate the odor from the rest of the house. Litter


title: "Litter box" content: clumps were first developed in the UK in the 1950s by the Fuller's Earth Union (FEU), later to become a part of Laporte Industries Ltd. The type of clumping litter developed by the FEU was calcium bentonite, a less swelling and less sticky type than American bentonite. Subsequently in America, clumping bentonite was developed in 1984 by biochemist Thomas Nelson. Most are made from granulated bentonite clay which clumps together when wet and forms a solid mass separate from the other litter in the box. This solid clumped material can be scooped out and disposed of without changing the entire


title: "Litter box" content: contents of the litter box. Clumping litter usually also contains quartz or diatomaceous earth (sometimes called diatomaceous silica, which causes it to be mistakenly confused with silica gel litter). Because of the clumping effect, the manufacturers usually instruct not to flush clumping litters down the toilet, because it could clog it. Clumping clay cat litters are natural products. Nevertheless, they may also contain naturally occurring crystalline silica, or silica dust, which in California is treated as a known carcinogen under Proposition 65. Clay litter is also criticized by the more expensive manufacturers of non-clay litter as being commonly produced in


title: "Litter box" content: a strip mine in an environmentally degrading process. This sort of litter can be toxic to ferrets, leading to both respiratory and digestive problems. Biodegradable litters are made from various plant resources, including pine wood pellets, recycled newspaper, clumping sawdust, Brazilian cassava, corn, wheat, walnuts, barley, soy pulp and dried orange peel. Each year, over two million tons of cat litter, or approximately 100,000 truckloads, ends up in landfills in the U.S. alone. Primarily this is not biodegradable or renewable and adds to the waste burden. Some pet owners prefer biodegradable litters due to its friendliness to the environment. Biodegradable


title: "Litter box" content: cat litter can also be eliminated completely by safely composting the used litter at home. Other cat owners can be attracted to the biodegradable litters because of their flushability or deodorizing properties. Asthmatic cats may sometimes benefit from the reduced dust in some forms of biodegradable litter. Biodegradable litter packaged specifically for cats tends to be more expensive than traditional clay litters, so cost is often not a positive factor in their selection, however, one of these, namely pine pellets can be purchased from regional feed stores that normally carry bags for horse bedding at a significant cost reduction, often


title: "Litter box" content: cheaper than the cheapest clumping litter. Most biodegradable litters last longer than the equivalent size of clay or clumping clay litters. Grain-based animal or poultry feed also provides an economical alternative to products marketed specifically as cat litter. Also, most of these forms of litter are recycled from human usage and are thus reusing a waste product as opposed to drawing clay from mines. Silica gel litter, often referred to as "crystal litter", is a porous granular form of silicon dioxide, has the highest absorbency of any litter, and has excellent moisture control and complete odor elimination for an extended


title: "Gordon Gray (politician)" content: Gordon Gray (politician) Gordon Gray (May 30, 1909 – November 26, 1982) was an official in the government of the United States during the administrations of Harry Truman (1945–53) and Dwight Eisenhower (1953–61) associated with defense and national security. Gordon Gray was born in Baltimore, Maryland, the son of Bowman Gray Sr. and Nathalie Lyons Gray. He was married in 1938 to the former Jane Boyden Craige, and they had four sons: Gordon Gray Jr., Burton C. Gray, C. Boyden Gray and Bernard Gray. After Jane's death, Gray married the former Nancy Maguire Beebe. His father Bowman, his uncle James


title: "Weather radar" content: angles are used. Due to the Earth's curvature and change of index of refraction with height, the radar cannot "see" below the height above ground of the minimal angle (shown in green) or closer to the radar than the maximal one (shown as a red cone in the center). Because the targets are not unique in each volume, the radar equation has to be developed beyond the basic one. Assuming a monostatic radar where formula_5: Weather radar Weather radar, also called weather surveillance radar (WSR) and Doppler weather radar, is a type of radar used to locate precipitation, calculate its


title: "René Lacoste" content: and the English words ""See you later..."", reinforcing the idea that the animal was perhaps an alligator. Information about Lacoste's Jamaican mother is scarce but he seemed to share a close relationship with his father, French business man Jean-Jules Lacoste. (See the official Lacoste website for a photograph of Lacoste with his father, taken in 1927.) On 30 June 1930 he married golfing champion Simone de la Chaume. Their daughter Catherine Lacoste was a champion golfer and president of the Golf Club Chantaco, founded by her mother, at a few kilometres from St. Jean-de-Luz. René Lacoste Jean René Lacoste (;


title: "Heritage streetcar" content: The Hong Kong Tramways on Hong Kong Island are considered part of the heritage of Hong Kong. There has been a heritage tramway in Kimberley, Northern Cape, since 1985. Heritage tramways exist in Bendigo, Sydney, Brisbane and Ballarat. A new city-center heritage tramway was opened in Christchurch in 1995. Auckland also has a short heritage line. Heritage streetcar Heritage streetcars or heritage trams are a part of the efforts to preserve rail transit heritage. In addition to preserving street-running rail vehicles, heritage streetcar operations can include upkeep of historic rail infrastructure. Working heritage streetcars are closely related to the growing


title: "SUNY Orange" content: SUNY Orange SUNY Orange, or Orange County Community College, is a two-year college in the State University of New York (SUNY) system offering almost 40 associate degrees and certificate programs. As SUNY Orange is a part of the SUNY system, students from SUNY Orange may "seamlessly transfer" their credits to any other SUNY institution to continue towards other degrees, including Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science and master's degrees. SUNY Orange also has many articulation agreements with four-year institutions outside of the SUNY system. The college has two campuses in Middletown, New York and in Newburgh, New York. The college


title: "SUNY Orange" content: public. SUNY Orange SUNY Orange, or Orange County Community College, is a two-year college in the State University of New York (SUNY) system offering almost 40 associate degrees and certificate programs. As SUNY Orange is a part of the SUNY system, students from SUNY Orange may "seamlessly transfer" their credits to any other SUNY institution to continue towards other degrees, including Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science and master's degrees. SUNY Orange also has many articulation agreements with four-year institutions outside of the SUNY system. The college has two campuses in Middletown, New York and in Newburgh, New York. The


title: "De Havilland Sea Vixen" content: de Havilland, was a twin-engined all-weather fighter plane. The design of the DH 110 used the twin-boom-tail design layout of the de Havilland Vampire and de Havilland Venom. It had an all-metal structure, 45-degree swept wings, and an armament of four 30 mm ADEN cannons. The DH 110 was to be powered by a pair of Rolls-Royce Avon turbojet engines, each capable of generating of thrust, which would allow the aircraft to become supersonic in a shallow dive. The DH 110 had the distinction of being the first British two-seat combat plane to achieve supersonic speed. In January 1947, specifications


title: "Xinyi District, Taipei" content: Xinyi District, Taipei Xinyi District is the seat of the Taipei City Government and Taipei City Council. The district includes Taipei 101, Taipei International Convention Center, Taipei World Trade Center, National Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall and various shopping malls and entertainment venues, making it the most cosmopolitan district of Taipei. Xinyi District is also considered the financial district of Taipei. The district is a prime shopping area in Taipei, anchored by a number of department stores and malls. In addition, numerous high-end restaurants are located in the area. Thus, it is often called the Manhattan of Taipei. During Japanese rule


title: "Xinyi District, Taipei" content: around the world. Eslite Bookstore, Taiwan's premier bookstore, opened their flagship store in the district in early 2006. Spanning over 7 floors, this bookstore is the largest in Taiwan. The bookstore has an expansive magazine collection (especially foreign magazines), a floor dedicated to children's books, a Japanese bookstore, art bookstore, Simplified Chinese book collection, and more. There are event halls where authors address their articles or topics related to their books. In addition to books, the bookstore also offers clothing and accessories (with brands like fcuk, Lacoste, and Adidas), stationery, CDs, a Starbucks, an Apple retailer, and a food court.


title: "Asian fairy-bluebird" content: Asian fairy-bluebird The Asian fairy-bluebird ("Irena puella") is a medium-sized, arboreal passerine bird. This fairy-bluebird is found in forests across tropical southern Asia, Indochina, the Greater Sundas and Palawan. Two or three eggs are laid in a small cup nest in a tree. It was described by British ornithologist John Latham in 1790. The only other member of the genus and family is the Philippine fairy-bluebird, "I. cyanogastra", which replaces the Asian fairy-bluebird in most of the Philippines. Both species are considered as sacred to the Tagalog people as they are perceived as tigmamanukan omens. The adult Asian fairy bluebird


title: "Wicked Lester" content: showcasing the group's eclectic style. Three of the songs recorded for the Wicked Lester album would later resurface as Kiss songs, with varying degrees of similarity. The chorus of their cover version of The Hollies' "I Wanna Shout" would serve as the inspiration for "Shout It Out Loud" from 1976's "Destroyer", although the two songs otherwise bear little similarity. Two of the tracks, "Love Her All I Can", written by Paul Stanley, and "She", written by Simmons and Steve Coronel would resurface on 1975's "Dressed to Kill". "Love Her All I Can" featured similar arrangements in both versions while the


title: "XCF (file format)" content: example, GIMP 2.0 can save text in text layers while GIMP 1.2 can not. Text layers saved in GIMP 2.0 will open as ordinary image layers in GIMP 1.2. However, XCF files containing layer groups, a feature introduced in GIMP 2.7, cannot be opened with GIMP 2.6. The use of XCF as a data interchange format is not recommended by the developers of GIMP, since the format reflects GIMP's internal data structures, and there may be minor format changes in future versions. A collaborative effort between the developers of GIMP and Krita is underway to design a raster file format


title: "Less Than Zero (novel)" content: past. After reuniting with his ex-girlfriend Blair, and friends like Trent, now a successful model, Clay embarks on a series of drug-fueled nights of partying, during which he picks up various men and women for one-night stands. While partying, he tries to track down his best friend from high school, Julian, with whom he hasn't spoken in months. In between descriptions of his days and nights, Clay recounts a vacation spent with his parents and grandparents, during which he seemed to be the only person concerned that his grandmother was dying of cancer. Over time, Clay becomes progressively disillusioned with


title: "Alleyway (video game)" content: Alleyway (video game) The name "Alleyway" references the in-game gateway that the player's spaceship (represented as a paddle) must pass through. While "Alleyway" is a portable clone of "Breakout", it adds several new features, including alternating stages, bonus rounds, and hazards for the player at later levels. While the game's original box art featured an unidentifiable protagonist, later international releases of the game replaced the character with Mario. "Alleyway" was released with limited advertising, receiving moderate to low scores from reviewers who compared it to games like "Arkanoid". The player's objective in "Alleyway" is to clear all bricks in each


title: "Alleyway (video game)" content: Yokoi would reuse much of "Alleyway"s source code (such as paddle behavior and adapted physics engine) for the Game Boy game "Kirby's Block Ball" while working with Shigeru Miyamoto's team. "Alleyway" was re-released for download onto the Nintendo Power cartridge, occupying one memory block on the device. Promotion of the title in Nintendo published material consisted of a segment taking up a third of the page the articles were on. Advertisements for "Alleyway" were grouped with those for the Game Boy itself and other titles for the system. Years after its initial release, a two-page section in the "Super Game


title: "Alleyway (video game)" content: "Alleyway is fun to play", further adding that games of its kind "always play well on the Game Boy". Alleyway (video game) The name "Alleyway" references the in-game gateway that the player's spaceship (represented as a paddle) must pass through. While "Alleyway" is a portable clone of "Breakout", it adds several new features, including alternating stages, bonus rounds, and hazards for the player at later levels. While the game's original box art featured an unidentifiable protagonist, later international releases of the game replaced the character with Mario. "Alleyway" was released with limited advertising, receiving moderate to low scores from reviewers


title: "City of Swan" content: July 1961, Guildford and the Swan Roads Board merged into the Shire of Swan-Guildford. Swan-Guildford and Midland united on 1 April 1970 as the Shire of Swan, and 30 years later, on 1 April 2000, became the City of Swan. On 1 July 2016 the portion of Noranda north of Widgee Road was transferred to the City of Bayswater. The City of Swan is divided into 5 wards, most of which have three Councillors: The populations of the City of Swan's antecedents were: The post-1970 populations of the combined Shire/City of Swan were: City of Swan The City of Swan


title: Seminar content: Seminar A seminar is a form of academic instruction, either at an academic institution or offered by a commercial or professional organization. It has the function of bringing together small groups for recurring meetings, focusing each time on some particular subject, in which everyone present is requested to participate. This is often accomplished through an ongoing Socratic dialogue with a seminar leader or instructor, or through a more formal presentation of research. It is essentially a place where assigned readings are discussed, questions can be raised and debates can be conducted. The word "seminar" is derived from the Latin word


title: Seminar content: "seminarium", meaning "seed plot". At North American universities, the term "seminar" refers to a course of intense study relating to the student's major. Seminars typically have significantly fewer students per professor than normal courses, and are generally more specific in topic of study. Seminars can revolve around term papers, exams, presentations, and several other assignments. Seminars are almost always required for university graduation. Normally, participants must not be beginners in the field under discussion at US and Canadian universities. Seminar classes are generally reserved for upper-class students, although at UK and Australian universities seminars are often used for all years.


title: Seminar content: The idea behind the seminar system is to familiarize students more extensively with the methodology of their chosen subject and also to allow them to interact with examples of the practical problems that always occur during research work. In some European universities, a "seminar" may be a large lecture course, especially when conducted by a renowned thinker (regardless of the size of the audience or the scope of student participation in discussion). Some non-English speaking countries in Europe use the word "seminar" (e.g. German "Seminar", Slovenian "seminar", Polish "seminarium") to refer to a university class that includes a term paper


title: Seminar content: or project, as opposed to a lecture class (e.g. German "Vorlesung", Slovenian "predavanje", Polish "wykład"). This does not correspond to English use of the term. In some academic institutions, typically in scientific fields, the term "preceptorial" is used interchangeably with "seminar". The term "seminar" is also used to describe a research talk, often given by a visiting researcher and primarily attended by academics, research staff, and postgraduate students. Seminars often occur in regular series, but each seminar is typically given by a different speaker, on a topic of that speaker's choosing. Such seminars are not usually a part of a


title: Seminar content: course of study and are therefore not usually associated with any assessment or credit. The term "colloquium" is often used interchangeably with seminar in this sense. Seminar A seminar is a form of academic instruction, either at an academic institution or offered by a commercial or professional organization. It has the function of bringing together small groups for recurring meetings, focusing each time on some particular subject, in which everyone present is requested to participate. This is often accomplished through an ongoing Socratic dialogue with a seminar leader or instructor, or through a more formal presentation of research. It is


title: "Polynesian Triangle" content: these islands were all uninhabited. Today, the most numerous Polynesian peoples are the Māori, Hawaiians, Tongans, Samoans, and Tahitians. The native languages of this vast triangle are Polynesian languages, which are classified by linguists as part of the Oceanic subgroup of Malayo-Polynesian. They ultimately derive from the proto-Austronesian language spoken in Southeast Asia 5,000 years ago. There are also numerous Polynesian outlier islands outside the triangle in neighboring Melanesia and Micronesia. Anthropologists believe that all modern Polynesian cultures descend from a single protoculture established in the South Pacific by migrant Malayo-Polynesian people ("see also" Lapita). There is also some evidence


title: "Valencia College" content: Valencia College Valencia College is a public state college in Orlando, Florida, United States. The college was founded in 1969 as "Valencia Junior College," taking the name "Valencia Community College" in 1971. In December 2010, Valencia's Board of Trustees voted to change the name to "Valencia College," because the academic scope of the school had expanded to include bachelor's degrees. Valencia has several campus locations in Orlando with additional campus locations in Winter Park and Kissimmee. Valencia is ranked first in the United States for the number of associate's degrees. The official seal of the college includes the coat of


title: "Valencia College" content: March 20, 2014, President Barack Obama visited Valencia's West Campus to discuss women's rights and increasing the minimum wage. Valencia College Valencia College is a public state college in Orlando, Florida, United States. The college was founded in 1969 as "Valencia Junior College," taking the name "Valencia Community College" in 1971. In December 2010, Valencia's Board of Trustees voted to change the name to "Valencia College," because the academic scope of the school had expanded to include bachelor's degrees. Valencia has several campus locations in Orlando with additional campus locations in Winter Park and Kissimmee. Valencia is ranked first in


title: "Arch Linux" content: control of the project to Aaron Griffin. The end of i686 support was announced in January 2017, with the February 2017 ISO being the last one including i686 and making the architecture unsupported in November 2017. Until pacman version 4.0.0 Arch Linux's package manager lacked support for signed packages. Packages and metadata were not verified for authenticity by pacman during the download-install process. Without package authentication checking, tampered-with or malicious repository mirrors can compromise the integrity of a system. Pacman 4 allowed verification of the package database and packages, but it was disabled by default. In November 2011 package signing


title: "Arch Linux" content: for systems with 32-bit only CPUs after the mainline Arch Linux project dropped support for the architecture in November 2017. OSNews reviewed Arch Linux in 2002: OSNews also later re-reviewed Arch Linux. LWN.net wrote review about Arch Linux in 2005: LWN.net also has a later review about Arch Linux. Tux Machines reviewed Arch Linux in 2007: Chris Smart from DistroWatch Weekly wrote a review about Arch Linux in January 2009: DistroWatch Weekly reviewed Arch Linux again in September 2009 and in December 2015. Arch Linux Arch Linux (or Arch ) is a Linux distribution for computers based on x86-64 architectures.


title: "Mass trespass of Kinder Scout" content: Mass trespass of Kinder Scout The mass trespass of Kinder Scout, also called the Kinder mass trespass, was a notable act of wilful trespass by ramblers. It was undertaken at Kinder Scout, in the Peak District of Derbyshire, England, on 24 April 1932, to highlight the fact that walkers in England and Wales were denied access to areas of open country. Political and conservation activist Benny Rothman of the Young Communist League of Manchester was one of the leaders of the mass trespass. The 1932 trespass was a coordinated protest involving three groups of walkers who approached Kinder Scout from


title: "Cinnamon Toast Crunch" content: way, the portrayal has worked; it is favored in 54% of states in the United States. There have been four offshoots of the cereal: "French Toast Crunch" in 1995 and again in 2015, "Peanut Butter Toast Crunch" in 2004 and 2013, "Frosted Toast Crunch" in 2012, and Sugar Cookie Toast Crunch for the 2014 holiday season. French Toast Crunch is shaped like many little French toast slices, reminiscent of the style of Cookie Crisp. It was discontinued in 2006, but made a return in 2015 due to its cult popularity among its fans. Peanut Butter Toast Crunch was a cereal


title: "Lucky Spencer" content: Lucky believe he is the father to avoid him relapsing. Maxie fakes a pregnancy in an unsuccessful attempt to keep Lucky. Elizabeth divorces Lucky, but they remarry after he completes rehab. In May 2007, Elizabeth gives birth to Jacob Spencer. Her relationship with Jason makes Lucky jealous, and their marriage struggles. Lucky starts dating Jason's ex-girlfriend Sam McCall (Kelly Monaco) as they divorce. In November 2007, Lucky discovers the truth about Jake, but agrees to the secret to protect him from Jason's dangerous lifestyle. Lucky and Sam break up. In early 2009, Elizabeth is poisoned by a biotoxin and Lucky


title: "Line graph" content: Line graph In the mathematical discipline of graph theory, the line graph of an undirected graph "G" is another graph "L"("G") that represents the adjacencies between edges of "G". The name line graph comes from a paper by although both and used the construction before this. Other terms used for the line graph include the covering graph, the derivative, the edge-to-vertex dual, the conjugate, the representative graph, and the ϑ-obrazom, as well as the edge graph, the interchange graph, the adjoint graph, and the derived graph. Various extensions of the concept of a line graph have been studied, including line


title: Distraction content: Distraction Distraction is the process of diverting the attention of an individual or group from a desired area of focus and thereby blocking or diminishing the reception of desired information. Distraction is caused by: the lack of ability to pay attention; lack of interest in the object of attention; or the great intensity, novelty or attractiveness of something other than the object of attention. Distractions come from both external sources, and internal sources. External distractions include factors such as visual triggers, social interactions, music, text messages, and phone calls. There are also internal distractions such as hunger, fatigue, illness, worrying,