title: "Shiver and Shake" content: section from "Shiver". The main star of "Shiver" was a ghost of the same name, whilst "Shake" was an elephant. Both had their own strips in their respective sections ("The Duke's Spook" and "Shake"), "The Duke's Spook" changing to "Shiver" after its merger. In 1973, the comic also featured a one-page strip starring stand-up comedian Charlie Williams. Other strips in "Shiver and Shake" included: "Shiver and Shake" ran for 83 issues. It also had eight specials, from 1973 to 1980, and 13 annuals, from 1974 to 1986. Shiver and Shake Shiver and Shake was a British comic magazine published every


title: "Junkers Jumo 205" content: Junkers Jumo 205 The Junkers Jumo 205 aircraft engine was the most famous of a series of aircraft Diesel engines that were the first, and for more than half a century the only successful aviation Diesel powerplants. The Jumo 204 first entered service in 1932. Later engines of this type comprised the experimental Jumo 206 and Jumo 208, with the Jumo 207 produced in some quantity for the Junkers Ju 86P and -R high-altiude reconnaissance aircraft, and the 46-meter wingspan, six-engined Blohm & Voss Bv 222 "Wiking" flying boat. All three of these variants differed in stroke and bore and


title: "Junkers Jumo 205" content: Germany's few maritime patrol flying boat designs during World War II, such as the Bv 138 and Bv 222. Junkers Jumo 205 The Junkers Jumo 205 aircraft engine was the most famous of a series of aircraft Diesel engines that were the first, and for more than half a century the only successful aviation Diesel powerplants. The Jumo 204 first entered service in 1932. Later engines of this type comprised the experimental Jumo 206 and Jumo 208, with the Jumo 207 produced in some quantity for the Junkers Ju 86P and -R high-altiude reconnaissance aircraft, and the 46-meter wingspan, six-engined


title: "Junkers Jumo 223" content: the 223 was abandoned in favour of an even larger engine, the Jumo 224 with an intended output power of 4,500 horsepower. The Jumo 223 series was influential to the successful three-crankshaft Napier Deltic engine. Junkers Jumo 223 The Junkers Jumo 223 was an experimental 24-cylinder aircraft engine based on the Junkers Jumo 205. Like the Jumo 205, it was an opposed piston two-stroke diesel engine. It had four banks of six cylinders in a rhomboid configuration, with four crankshafts one at each vertex of the rhombus, and 48 pistons. It was designed for a power of 2,500 horsepower at


title: "Mothers Against Drunk Driving" content: Mothers Against Drunk Driving Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) is a nonprofit organization in the United States and Canada that seeks to stop drunk driving, support those affected by drunk driving, prevent underage drinking, and strive for stricter impaired driving policy, whether that impairment is caused by alcohol or any other drug. The Irving, Texas–based organization was founded on September 5, 1980, in California by Candace Lightner after her 13-year-old daughter, Cari, was killed by a drunk driver. There is at least one MADD office in every state of the United States and at least one in each province of


title: "American Shorthair" content: American Shorthair The American Shorthair (ASH) is a breed of domestic cat believed to be descended from European cats brought to North America by early settlers to protect valuable cargo from mice and rats. According to the Cat Fancier's Association, in 2012, it was the seventh most popular pedigreed cat in the United States. When settlers sailed from Europe to North America, they carried cats on board (ships' cats) to protect the stores from mice—for instance, the cats that came over on the Mayflower with the Pilgrims to hunt rats on the ship and in the colony. Many of these


title: "American Shorthair" content: cats landed in the New World, interbred, and developed special characteristics to help them cope with their new life and climate. Early in the 20th century, a selective breeding program was established to develop the best qualities of these cats. The American Shorthair is a pedigreed cat breed, with a strict conformation standard, as set by cat fanciers of the breed and the North American cat fancier associations such as The International Cat Association (TICA) and the Cat Fanciers' Association. The breed is accepted by all North American cat registries. Originally known as the Domestic Shorthair, the breed was renamed


title: "American Shorthair" content: in 1966 to the "American Shorthair" to better represent its "all-American" origins and to differentiate it from other shorthaired breeds. The name "American Shorthair" also reinforces the fact that the breed is a pedigreed breed distinct from the random-bred non-pedigreed domestic short-haired cats in North America, which may nevertheless resemble the ASH. Both the American Shorthair breed and the random-bred cats from which the breed is derived are sometimes called working cats because they were used for controlling rodent populations, on ships and farms. Although it is not an extremely athletic cat, the American Shorthair has a large, powerfully-built body.


title: "American Shorthair" content: According to the breed standard of the Cat Fanciers' Association, the American Shorthair is a true breed of working cat. They have round faces and short ears. According to the CFA, American Shorthairs are low-maintenance cats that are generally healthy, easy-going, affectionate with owners and social with strangers. Males are significantly larger than females, weighing eleven to fifteen pounds when fully grown. Mature females weigh six to twelve pounds when they achieve full growth at three to four years of age. With a quality diet and plenty of attention, love, and care, they can live 15 years or longer, requiring


title: "American Shorthair" content: annual vaccinations and veterinary checkups. These cats have solidly built, powerful, and muscular bodies with well-developed shoulders, chests, and hindquarters. The American Shorthair is recognized in more than eighty different colors and patterns ranging from the brown-patched tabby to the blue-eyed white, the shaded silvers, smokes and cameos to the calico van, and many colors in between. Some even come in deep tones of black, brown, or other blends and combinations. Generally, only cats showing evidence of crossbreeding resulting in the colors chocolate, sable, lavender, lilac, or the point-restricted pattern of the Siamese family are disqualified from being shown. American


title: "Bombay cat" content: of time. Although they like to be around people generally, Bombay cats also tend to have a certain person whom they pay special attention to in their lives. Overall, the Bombay breed is intelligent, playful, and attention-seeking. The Bombay's muscular medium-sized body can be deceiving, as they often weigh slightly more than they might appear to. They don't shed as much as other breeds and require very little grooming. They tend to get along well with other cats, as they have an established pecking order in the household. They have a loud distinctive purr. Bombay cats are known to be


title: Chartreux content: breeders kept the breed from extinction. The first Chartreux were brought to the U.S. in 1971 by Helen and John Gamon of La Jolla, California. In 1987, the Cat Fanciers' Association (CFA) advanced the Chartreux breed to championship status (Siegal 1997:27). There are fewer than two dozen active Chartreux breeders in North America . Historically famous Chartreux owners include the French novelist Colette, Charles Baudelaire and French president Charles de Gaulle. Chartreux cats tend to be quiet, rarely making noises such as mewing or crying, and some are mute. They are quite observant and intelligent, with some Chartreux learning to


title: "Dodge Charger" content: the Giorgio architecture shared with the Alfa Romeo Giulia. However these rumors were later dismissed by the late FCA CEO, Sergio Marchionne. According to Marchionne, the next generation Dodge Charger will use a completely reengineered LD architecture for the 2021 model year. The new Charger, Challenger, and 300 (if not discontinued) will still be available with Hemi V8's and there will still be a Charger Pursuit. Dodge Charger The Dodge Charger is a brand of automobile marketed by Dodge. The first Charger was a show car in 1964. There have been several different production Chargers, built on three different platforms


title: Mirzapur content: 50 schools on occasion of National Voters Day (Hindi: राष्ट्रीय मतदाता दिवस). This city is situated at bank of river Ganga. Mirzapur is located at . It has an average elevation of 80 metres (265 feet). The District of Mirzapur lies between the parallels of 23.52 & 25.32 North latitude and 82.7 and 83.33 East longitude. It forms a portion of the Varanasi district. On the north and north-east it is bounded by the Varanasi district; on the south bounded by Sonbhadra district; on the north-west by Allahabad district. The shape to the north and west is totally regular. In


title: "Wow! (comic)" content: 56 was the last to regularly feature the characters, new story's were printed in the Wow Annual 1986 (printed and distributed in 1985) and the summer specials until 1985. In this last story we see Coo piloting a model plane for a competition. about a robot. Drawn by Jim Barker, survived merger with Whoopee about a boy who owns a multimillion-dollar global enterprise. Drawn by Frank McDiarmid. Survived merger with Whoopee. about a country lad who lives with his cousins city family. Issue 56 was the last to 'regularly' feature the characters. The last new story to feature 'Cuz' was


title: "Weber State University" content: Weber State University Weber State University (pronounced ) is a public university in Ogden, Utah, United States. It is a coeducational, publicly supported university offering professional, liberal arts and technical certificates, as well as associate's, bachelor's and master's degrees. Weber State University is accredited by the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities. Programs throughout the university are accredited as well. The school was founded in 1889 as Weber Stake Academy, later changing names to Weber Academy, Weber Normal College, and Weber College. Weber College became a junior college in 1933, and in 1962 became Weber State College. It gained university


title: "Bill O'Donnell (harness race driver)" content: Bill O'Donnell (harness race driver) William Arthur O'Donnell (born May 4, 1948 in Springhill, Nova Scotia, Canada) is a prominent harness racing driver. O'Donnell's parents, Etta and Henry, were both heavily involved in the local racing circuit. After graduating from high school, he became second trainer for Jim Doherty, and moved to Saratoga, New York, where in 1979 he set the all-time record for most wins (269) at a single track in a single season. Later he went to the Meadowlands in New Jersey on the Grand Circuit. O'Donnell was given the nickname the "Magic Man" for being able to


title: "Bill O'Donnell (harness race driver)" content: drive a horse seemingly past its limitations. In 1982 and 1984 he was voted the Harness Tracks of America Driver of the Year award. In 1984 he also set a yearly earnings record of over $9 million. In a race in 1984 with Nihilator, O'Donnell was the first to post a sub-1:50 race mile in the $2,161,000 Woodrow Wilson Pace, the richest race ever contested to that point." It was the first time that William O'Donnell had ever driven the son of Niatross. Bill O'Donnell won the driving title, his third in four years. The next year, he became harness


title: "Bill O'Donnell (harness race driver)" content: racing's first driver to eclipse $10 million in earnings in a single year. O'Donnell has 5,742 lifetime victories as a driver with just under $100 million earned by the horses he has guided. A native of Springhill, Nova Scotia, he was the leading driver at the Meadowlands in New Jersey, for many years and established a number of records with respect to wins and earnings. In 2001, O'Donnell moved back to Canada, settling in Acton, Ontario, to focus more on training horses. Since then, he has also become involved in the politics of racing, giving much of his time and


title: "Bill O'Donnell (harness race driver)" content: considerable expertise to several horsemen's groups. He currently serves as President of the Central Ontario Standardbred Association, which has the racing contract with the largest track operator in Canada, Woodbine Entertainment Group. In addition, he serves as the representative for Standardbred horse people on the board of the Ontario Horse Racing Industry Association as well as a Vice-President of the Ontario Standardbred Adoption Society. He has four children, Faith, Christopher, Megan, and Sean. Bill O'Donnell has been inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame (1992), the Nova Scotia Sports Hall of Fame, the Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame (1986),


title: "Bill O'Donnell (harness race driver)" content: and the United States Harness Racing Hall of Fame in Goshen, NY (1991). Bill O'Donnell (harness race driver) William Arthur O'Donnell (born May 4, 1948 in Springhill, Nova Scotia, Canada) is a prominent harness racing driver. O'Donnell's parents, Etta and Henry, were both heavily involved in the local racing circuit. After graduating from high school, he became second trainer for Jim Doherty, and moved to Saratoga, New York, where in 1979 he set the all-time record for most wins (269) at a single track in a single season. Later he went to the Meadowlands in New Jersey on the Grand


title: "Dry Tortugas National Park" content: other national parks. Seeing this as having a damaging effect on their tourism-dependent economy, the residents of Key West, Florida, raised money to keep Dry Tortugas open. The effort was inspired by the Smithsonian Institution, which raised private donations to keep its museums open during the shutdown. Failing to find anybody to accept the money to reopen the park, Key West residents, under the auspices of the satirical micronation Conch Republic, sent a flotilla of civilian boats and fire department boats to Fort Jefferson in order to reopen the national park. When officials attempted to enter the fort, they were


title: "Dry Tortugas National Park" content: a single day. Many birds land inside the parade grounds of Fort Jefferson where they are often observed at close range. Common migratory warblers include the northern parula, American redstart, prairie warbler, hooded warbler, palm warbler, black-and-white warbler, common yellowthroat, yellow-rumped warbler, ovenbird, northern waterthrush, black-throated blue warbler, blackpoll warbler, and Cape May warbler, with more than 20 additional warbler species having shown up at least once. Several raptor species as well as cattle egrets are often seen hunting songbirds. Until early 2013 a small freshwater fountain existed beneath several seaside mahoe and buttonwood trees, and was the only freshwater


title: "Quarter tone" content: Composer Ben Johnston, to accommodate the just septimal quarter tone, uses a small "7" () as an accidental to indicate a note is lowered 49 cents, or an upside down "7" () to indicate a note is raised 49 cents, or a ratio of 36:35. Johnston uses an upward and downward arrow to indicate a note is raised or lowered by a ratio of 33:32, or 53 cents. Any tunable musical instrument can be used to perform quarter tones, if two players and two identical instruments, with one tuned a quarter tone higher, are used. As this requires neither a


title: "Green Apple Quick Step" content: Green Apple Quick Step Green Apple Quick Step, often abbreviated as GAQS, is an American rock band from Seattle. Their sound was described as hard-edged, post-grunge rock. The band began as Inspector Luv and the Ride Me Babys in Tacoma, Washington before becoming Green Apple Quick Step, in Seattle, by 1992. The initial lineup under the new name consisted of lead vocalist Tyler Willman, guitarists Daniel Kempthorne and Steve Ross, singer-bassist Mari Ann Braeden, and drummer Bob 'Mink' Martin. The original lineup recorded and released two records: "Wonderful Virus" in 1993 and "Reloaded" in 1995. Their third album, "New Disaster",


title: "Green Apple Quick Step" content: equipment inside. The band later packed up their remaining belongings and returned to Seattle to begin recording their second album. With Nick DiDia and Pearl Jam guitarist Stone Gossard producing, Green Apple Quick Step began recording their second album in October 1994. The band had befriended Gossard previously and asked if he would be interested in working with the band. The album was primarily recorded at Gossard's home studio, though Gossard asked not to receive any royalties. Unlike "Wonderful Virus", their second album featured Willman splitting vocal harmonies with Braeden. Green Apple Quick Step's second album entitled "Reloaded" was released


title: "Green Apple Quick Step" content: also reviewed the unreleased "New Disaster" album, stating that "the band concentrates on hard-edged post-grunge rock.", and said of their sound that it was "tighter than ever, but they still have trouble coming up with indelible hooks and melodies." Green Apple Quick Step Green Apple Quick Step, often abbreviated as GAQS, is an American rock band from Seattle. Their sound was described as hard-edged, post-grunge rock. The band began as Inspector Luv and the Ride Me Babys in Tacoma, Washington before becoming Green Apple Quick Step, in Seattle, by 1992. The initial lineup under the new name consisted of lead


title: "Nathan Cavaleri" content: a spokesman for Peavey Guitars. In November 2004 Cavaleri reflected on his early career "When I was doing all of that stuff (it) doesn't even feel like it was my life ... It feels like a haze. It feels like a dream. It just feels like images in the head, almost like a western movie." Cavaleri was managed by Jane Barnes (wife of Jimmy Barnes) and, with his parents, he decided to pause his musical career – he finished secondary school and became a brickie's labourer "I just totally escaped music ... It can be a dark time when you’re


title: "Boise metropolitan area" content: Boise metropolitan area The Boise City–Nampa, Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) (commonly known as the Boise Metropolitan Area or the Treasure Valley) is an area that encompasses Ada, Boise, Canyon, Gem, and Owyhee counties in southwestern Idaho. It is distinct from the wider Boise City–Mountain Home–Ontario, ID–OR Combined Statistical Area, an area consisting of seven counties in southwestern Idaho, and Malheur County, Oregon anchored by the cities of Boise and Nampa. It is the state's largest officially designated metropolitan area and includes Idaho's three largest cities – Boise, Nampa, and Meridian. Nearly 40 percent of Idaho's total population lives in


title: "Binary Runtime Environment for Wireless" content: main advantage of Brew MP is that the application developers can easily port their applications among all Brew MP devices by providing a standardized set of application programming interfaces. Software for Brew MP enabled handsets can be developed in C or C++ using the freely downloadable Brew MP software development kit (SDK). The Brew runtime library is part of the wireless device on-chip firmware or operating system to allow programmers to develop applications without needing to code for system interface or understand wireless applications. Brew is described as a pseudo operating system, but not a true mobile operating system. Brew


title: "Binary Runtime Environment for Wireless" content: phones). Rather than using an interpreter-based code, Brew also relied on its own mobile hardware. Debuted in 2001, it was the very first version of Brew. Originally made for the Kyocera QCP-3035 (which was the very first Brew-enabled phone) and Sharp Z-800. It made use of personal digital assistant-level features (usually for some applications and the ability to run Brew applications). However, it lacks advanced multimedia features and support for Java ME that were available in subsequent versions. It was the only version of Brew to support monochrome screens as support for monochrome screens were removed in Brew 2.0. Brew


title: "Binary Runtime Environment for Wireless" content: Brew 5.0, it has new various features (including SVG images support) and certain improvements and it is backward compatible with Brew 3.x and 4.x applications. It is also the first version of Brew to make certain APIs and legacy files deprecated. It is also the first version of Brew to rely on its own RTOS rather than Qualcomm's own REX OS. For testing applications during the development process, the SDK includes a Brew emulator, or starting with Brew version 3.1.5 and above, the "Brew Simulator". The Brew environment provides for multiple levels of application signatures. One signature authenticates the developer.


title: "Binary Runtime Environment for Wireless" content: it prevents the unauthorized distribution/sideloading of Brew applications to 3rd-parties rather than carriers. Once the application is downloaded OTA via a Brew-based carrier, the .sig file will automatically generate an electronic serial number to its installed handset. The Brew emulator, named "Brew Simulator", does not emulate handset hardware. Instead, the Brew application is compiled to native code and linked with a compatible Brew runtime library. Because of this, applications cannot be tested for platform bugs related to memory alignment and various firmware related glitches without a Brew handset operating in test mode. For testing purposes, Brew applications can be transferred


title: "Siberian cat" content: cats for Fel d 1; a mixed breed, two Siberians, and an Abyssinian. The results showed the Siberian and Abyssinian cat fur as having lower Fel d 1 levels than the mixed breed cat. Indoor Biotechnologies cautions that the Siberian levels were still high, and that the mixed breed sample was "exceptionally high." Indoor Biotechnologies warns against using these results to make decisions of pet ownership. This test of fur allergen levels is cited by many Siberian breeder websites as evidence the breed is hypoallergenic. Critiques include that the sample size is below statistical significance, was submitted by a Siberian


title: "Siberian cat" content: 1986). At least one traditional Russian folktale, collected by Alexander Afanasyev, features a Siberian cat called Kotofej Ivanovich. One version of this is known as "The Cat Who Became Head Forester". A Siberian cat, Dorofei, is owned by Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev, and another by former Soviet president Mikhail Gorbachev. WBZ-AM talk radio host Steve LeVeille mentions his Siberian, Max, on his Boston-based program. The 2016 film "Nine Lives" features a Siberian. In the webcomic "", the character Ivan "Russia" Braginski owns a Siberian cat, as shown in the strip titled "Cat Conference". Siberian cat The Siberian is a


title: "Sigismund Bell" content: the Sigismund tower and managed to toll the bell. When Wyspiański was caught, the bishop wished him that Sigismund ring at his funeral – which actually happened in 1907. An experiment conducted in 2011 to verify the plausibility of this anecdote showed that four teenagers would have been unable to toll the bell properly, but they could have swung the clapper enough to make a ringing sound. The original iron clapper made about 12 million strokes during the 479 years of its history. During the 19th century, it broke and underwent repairs in 1859, 1865, and 1876. After it broke


title: "Saddle point" content: extremum. A saddle surface is a smooth surface containing one or more saddle points. Classical examples of two-dimensional saddle surfaces in the Euclidean space are second order surfaces, the hyperbolic paraboloid formula_4 (which is often referred to as ""the" saddle surface" or "the standard saddle surface") and the hyperboloid of one sheet. The Pringles potato chip or crisp is an everyday example of a hyperbolic paraboloid shape. Saddle surfaces have negative Gaussian curvature which distinguish them from convex/elliptical surfaces which have positive Gaussian curvature. A classical third-order saddle surface is the monkey saddle. In a two-player zero sum game defined


title: Suplex content: flat on his back. This move is referred to as a backdrop in Japan. The backdrop name is also used in the western world, usually by people who follow Japanese wrestling, although they sometimes use the name Greco-Roman backdrop or simply backdrop suplex. However, this move is not to be confused with a back body drop. Some wrestlers perform the back suplex into a bridging position, simultaneously arching their own back and legs to elevate themselves, gaining leverage and pinning their opponent. Very popular in Mexico's Lucha Libre, where this bridging version is known as a Puente Griego or Greek


title: "Reactive oxygen species" content: mitochondria, cytosol, and nucleus. Another type of reactive oxygen species is singlet oxygen (O) which is produced for example as byproduct of photosynthesis in plants. In the presence of light and oxygen, photosensitizers such as chlorophyll may convert triplet (O) to singlet oxygen: Singlet oxygen is highly reactive, especially with organic compounds that contain double bonds. The resulting damage caused by singlet oxygen reduces the photosynthetic efficiency of chloroplasts. In plants exposed to excess light, the increased production of singlet oxygen can result in cell death. Various substances such as carotenoids, tocopherols and plastoquinones contained in chloroplasts quench singlet oxygen


title: "Reactive oxygen species" content: in both animals and humans. ROS are also implicated in mediation of apoptosis or programmed cell death and ischaemic injury. Specific examples include stroke and heart attack. In general, harmful effects of reactive oxygen species on the cell are most often: When a plant recognizes an attacking pathogen, one of the first induced reactions is to rapidly produce superoxide () or hydrogen peroxide () to strengthen the cell wall. This prevents the spread of the pathogen to other parts of the plant, essentially forming a net around the pathogen to restrict movement and reproduction. In the mammalian host, ROS is


title: "ABC Records" content: and more youth fair respectively. By May 1972, ABC formed the ABC Leisure Group, which included ABC Records, Anchor Records, and ABC Records and Tape Sales, plus a new retail record-store division. Lasker left ABC to join Ariola America Records in 1975. He was succeeded by Jerry Rubinstein, who served as company head until 1977. In November 1972, ABC bought country music company Cartwheel Records. In 1974, ABC switched British distribution from EMI to the EMI-distributed Anchor Records, allowing ABC recordings to be issued on the ABC label in the UK, and Anchor records to be distributed by ABC on


title: Barrel content: Barrel A barrel, cask, or tun is a hollow cylindrical container, traditionally made of wooden staves bound by wooden or metal hoops. Traditionally, the barrel was a standard size of measure referring to a set capacity or weight of a given commodity. For example, in the UK a barrel of beer refers to a quantity of . Wine was shipped in barrels of . Modern wooden barrels for wine-making are either made of French common oak ("Quercus robur") and white oak ("Quercus petraea") or from American white oak ("Quercus alba") and typically have standard sizes: "Bordeaux type" , "Burgundy type"


title: Barrel content: and "Cognac type" . Modern barrels and casks can also be made of aluminum, stainless steel, and different types of plastic, such as HDPE. Someone who makes barrels is called a "barrel maker" or cooper. Barrels are only one type of cooperage. Other types include, but are not limited to: buckets, tubs, butter churns, hogsheads, firkins, kegs, kilderkins, tierces, rundlets, puncheons, pipes, tuns, butts, pins, and breakers. Barrels have a variety of uses, including storage of liquids such as water and oil, fermenting wine, arrack, and sake, and maturing beverages such as wine, cognac, armagnac, sherry, port, whisky, and beer.


title: Barrel content: The term can also refer to roughly cylindrical containers made of modern materials like plastic. An "aging barrel" is used to age wine; distilled spirits such as whisky, brandy, or rum; beer; tabasco sauce; or (in smaller sizes) traditional balsamic vinegar. When a wine or spirit ages in a barrel, small amounts of oxygen are introduced as the barrel lets some air in (compare to microoxygenation where oxygen is deliberately added). Oxygen enters a barrel when water or alcohol is lost due to evaporation, a portion known as the "angels' share". In an environment with 100% relative humidity, very little


title: Barrel content: water evaporates and so most of the loss is alcohol, a useful trick if one has a wine with very high proof. Most beverages are topped up from other barrels to prevent significant oxidation, although others such as vin jaune and sherry are not. Beverages aged in wooden barrels take on some of the compounds in the barrel, such as vanillin and wood tannins. The presence of these compounds depends on many factors, including the place of origin, how the staves were cut and dried, and the degree of "toast" applied during manufacture. Barrels used for aging are typically made


title: Barrel content: of French or American oak, but chestnut and redwood are also used. Some Asian beverages (e.g., Japanese sake) use Japanese cedar, which imparts an unusual, minty-piney flavor. In Peru and Chile, a grape distillate named "pisco" is either aged in oak or in earthenware. Some wines are fermented "on barrel", as opposed to in a neutral container like steel or wine-grade HDPE (high-density polyethylene) tanks. Wine can also be fermented in large wooden tanks, which—when open to the atmosphere—are called "open-tops". Other wooden cooperage for storing wine or spirits range from smaller barriques to huge casks, with either elliptical or


title: Barrel content: round heads. The tastes yielded by French and American species of oak are slightly different, with French oak being subtler, while American oak gives stronger aromas. To retain the desired measure of oak influence, a winery will replace a certain percentage of its barrels every year, although this can vary from 5 to 100%. Some winemakers use "200% new oak", where the wine is put into new oak barrels twice during the aging process. Bulk wines are sometimes more cheaply flavored by soaking in oak chips or added commercial oak flavoring instead of being aged in a barrel because of


title: Barrel content: the much lower cost. Sherry is stored in casks made of North American oak, which is slightly more porous than French or Spanish oak. The casks, or butts, are filled five-sixths full, leaving "the space of two fists" empty at the top to allow flor to develop on top of the wine. Sherry is also commonly swapped between barrels of different ages, a process that is known as Solera. Laws in several jurisdictions require that whisky be aged in wooden barrels. The law in the United States requires that "straight whisky" (with the exception of corn whisky) must be stored


title: "Bombay State" content: people were killed by police, Bombay State was reorganised on linguistic lines. Gujarati-speaking areas of Bombay State were partitioned into the state of Gujarat following Mahagujarat Movement. Maharashtra State with Bombay as its capital was formed with the merger of Marathi-speaking areas of Bombay State, eight districts from Central Provinces and Berar, five districts from Hyderabad State, and numerous princely states enclosed between them. Bombay State had three Chief Ministers after the independence of India: In 1960, the designation of the "Governor of Bombay" was transmuted as the Governor of Maharashtra. Sources: "Raj Bhavan (Maharashtra)" and "Greater Bombay District Gazetteer"


title: "Javanese cat" content: result, it lies close to the skin, and produces a longer, sleeker look than is typical for long-haired cats. Like the Colorpoint Shorthair, the Javanese has point coloration (with a pale body and darker face and extremities), but is permitted to have coat colors and patterns not found in the Balinese or Siamese. These may range from dark brown to near white, and may be ruddy to bluish, tabby, lynx point, cream point, tortoiseshell (tortie), tortie point, and others, including unusual combinations ("blue-cream point", "cinnamon-tortie lynx point", etc.). In total, CFA defines 24 Javanese-division color combinations in addition to the


title: "PBS NewsHour" content: a national nightly news program on broadcast television. On Saturdays and Sundays, PBS distributes a 30-minute edition of the program titled PBS NewsHour Weekend, anchored by Hari Sreenivasan and produced from New York City by WNET. The "PBS NewsHour" originates from WETA's studio facilities in Arlington County, Virginia (for its weekday editions), and the Tisch/WNET Studios at Lincoln Center in Manhattan (for its weekend editions); additional facilities are located in San Francisco and Denver. The program is a collaboration between WETA-TV, WNET, and fellow PBS member stations KQED in San Francisco, KETC in St. Louis and WTTW in Chicago. In


title: Forceps content: Forceps "Forceps" (plural forceps or considered a plural noun without a singular, often a pair of forceps; the Latin plural "forcipes" is no longer recorded in most dictionaries) are a handheld, hinged instrument used for grasping and holding objects. Forceps are used when fingers are too large to grasp small objects or when many objects need to be held at one time while the hands are used to perform a task. The term "forceps" is used almost exclusively within the medical field. Outside medicine, people usually refer to forceps as tweezers, tongs, pliers, clips or clamps. Mechanically, forceps employ the


title: Forceps content: principle of the lever to grasp and apply pressure. Depending on their function, basic surgical forceps can be categorized into the following groups: Surgical forceps are commonly made of high-grade carbon steel, which ensures they can withstand repeated sterilization in high-temperature autoclaves. Some are made of other high-quality stainless steel, chromium and vanadium alloys to ensure durability of edges and restlessness. Lower-quality steel is used in forceps made for other uses. Some disposable forceps are made of plastic. The invention of surgical forceps is attributed to Stephen Hales. There are two basic types of forceps: non-locking (often called "thumb forceps"


title: Forceps content: or "pick-ups") and locking, though these two types come in dozens of specialized forms for various uses. Non-locking forceps also come in two basic forms: hinged at one end, away from the grasping end (colloquially such forceps are called tweezers) and hinged in the middle, rather like scissors. Locking forceps are almost always hinged in the middle, though some forms place the hinge very close to the grasping end. Locking forceps use various means to lock the grasping surfaces in a closed position to facilitate manipulation or to independently clamp, grasp or hold an object. Thumb forceps are commonly held


title: "Neolithic Revolution" content: finger millet were also domesticated in the Ethiopian highlands. Crops domesticated in the Sahel region include sorghum and pearl millet. The kola nut was first domesticated in West Africa. Other crops domesticated in West Africa include African rice, yams and the oil palm. Agriculture spread to Central and Southern Africa in the Bantu expansion during the 1st millennium BC to 1st millennium AD. Maize (corn), beans and squash were among the earliest crops domesticated in Mesoamerica, with maize beginning about 4000 BC, squash as early as 6000 BC, and beans by no later than 4000 BC. Potatoes and manioc were


title: LocoScript content: the dominant PC operating system. LocoScript's developers, Locomotive Software, had produced Locomotive BASIC for Amstrad's CPC 464 home computer, introduced in 1984. For the Amstrad PCW, introduced in 1985, Locomotive produced the LocoScript word processor and Mallard BASIC, and also wrote the PCW's User Guide. These programs and a dot matrix printer were included in the price of the PCW, which was £399 plus VAT for the base model. The PCW, regarded as extremely good value for money, gained 60% of the UK home computer market, and 20% of the European personal computer market. According to "Personal Computer World", the


title: TV-am content: and 2014 ITV shows of the same name, respectively) filling weekday mornings. This was followed by a 10-minute interval before the start of the regional ITV franchises at 9:25 am. This interval gave British Telecom time to manually switch the broadcast signals from TV-am to each regional ITV franchise while the switching process was converted to allow automatic switching, which was introduced gradually throughout the network. From the end of May 1983 the IBA extended TV-am's hours to 9:25 am to allow continuous programming, following which "Good Morning Britain" was reduced to a two-hour slot from 7 am to 9


title: "Brazilian Portuguese" content: and "onii-chan"; toasts and salutations such as "kampai" and "banzai"; and some honorific suffixes of address such as "chan", "kun", "sama", "san", and "senpai". Chinese contributed a few terms such as "tai chi chuan" and "chá" ("tea")—also in European Portuguese. The loan vocabulary includes several calques, such as "arranha-céu" ("skyscraper", from French "gratte-ciel") and "cachorro-quente" (from English "hot dog") in Portuguese worldwide. Use of the reflexive "me", especially in São Paulo and the South, is thought to be an Italianism, attributed to the large Italian immigrant population, as are certain prosodic features, including patterns of intonation and stress, also in


title: Chavacano content: que escribir también novelas como José Rizal? English: We can say what great sacrifices our heroes have done to achieve our independence. We should therefore not forget them. Is it like this? We should do things to let it be known that we appreciate the heroes; that we are prepared to make sacrifices for our people. How? Should we write novels like José Rizal? Below are samples of dialogues and sentences of Chabacano de Davao in two spoken forms: Castellano Abakay Chino (Chinese style) by the Chinese speakers of Chabacano and Castellano Abakay Japon (Japanese style) by the Japanese speakers.


title: "Jungle myna" content: Jungle myna The jungle myna ("Acridotheres fuscus") is a myna, a member of the starling family. It is found patchily distributed across much of the mainland of the Indian Subcontinent but absent in the arid zones of India. It is easily recognized by the tuft of feathers on its forehead that form a frontal crest, a feature also found in the closely related Javan myna and the pale-bellied myna which were treated as a subspecies in the past. The eyes are pale, yellow or blue depending on the population and the base of the orange-yellow bill is dark. It has


title: "Jungle myna" content: lab. Other parasites that have been found in the jungle myna include "Dorisa aethiopsaris" in the intestine. Jungle myna The jungle myna ("Acridotheres fuscus") is a myna, a member of the starling family. It is found patchily distributed across much of the mainland of the Indian Subcontinent but absent in the arid zones of India. It is easily recognized by the tuft of feathers on its forehead that form a frontal crest, a feature also found in the closely related Javan myna and the pale-bellied myna which were treated as a subspecies in the past. The eyes are pale, yellow


title: "Vertical bar" content: Vertical bar The vertical bar ( | ) is a computer character and glyph with various uses in mathematics, computing, and typography. It has many names, often related to particular meanings: Sheffer stroke (in logic), verti-bar, vbar, stick, vertical line, vertical slash, bar, pike, or pipe, and several variants on these names. It is occasionally considered an allograph of broken bar (see below). The vertical bar is used as a mathematical symbol in numerous ways: The double vertical bar, , is also employed in mathematics. The vertical bar is used in bra–ket notation in quantum physics. Examples: A pipe is


title: "Yogi Berra Stadium" content: Yogi Berra Stadium Yogi Berra Stadium is a baseball stadium in Little Falls, New Jersey, on the campus of Montclair State University. The stadium is home to the New Jersey Jackals of the independent Can-Am League; the Montclair State Red Hawks baseball team, which competes in NCAA Division III; and the Yogi Berra Museum and Learning Center, which adjoins the stadium on its first base side. Yogi Berra Stadium has a capacity of 5,000 persons with permanent seating of 3,784 people and lawn seating which holds an additional 1,500. It is capable of holding overflow crowds with standing room and


title: "Yogi Berra Stadium" content: years, the stadium's official address was 1 Hall Drive, honoring the team's founder. In early 2016, as a further honor for its deceased namesake, the Jackals changed this to 8 Yogi Berra Drive. Despite the popularity of the stadium in the summer months, since its construction Yogi Berra Stadium has been plagued with problems involving stadium accessibility. The stadium is located at the very top of an access road to the campus that was recently renamed for Berra and is now known as Yogi Berra Drive, which originates in neighboring Clifton on Valley Road and is only one-way going toward


title: "Yogi Berra Stadium" content: campus' shuttle buses which serve the shared parking lots the stadium uses. In addition, Montclair State's train station is located behind the stadium and is accessible via a walking path and staircase which puts fans within steps of the stadium gate. The campus shuttles also service the train station. Yogi Berra Stadium Yogi Berra Stadium is a baseball stadium in Little Falls, New Jersey, on the campus of Montclair State University. The stadium is home to the New Jersey Jackals of the independent Can-Am League; the Montclair State Red Hawks baseball team, which competes in NCAA Division III; and the


title: "Graham Sutherland" content: television series "The Face of Britain by Simon Schama". Works by Sutherland are held in the collections of Amgueddfa Cymru – National Museum Wales, Bristol Museum and Art Gallery, Doncaster Museum and Art Gallery, Kirklees Museums and Art Gallery, Herbert Art Gallery and Museum, Manchester Art Gallery, National Portrait Gallery, Norwich Castle Museum and Art Gallery, Northampton Museums and Art Gallery, Pallant House Gallery, Southampton City Art Gallery, The Ingram Collection of Modern British and Contemporary Art, Tenby Museum and Art Gallery, The Fitzwilliam Museum and The Priseman Seabrook Collection. Graham Sutherland Graham Vivian Sutherland OM (24 August 1903 –


title: "Raw foodism" content: Included in raw animal food diets are any food that can be eaten raw, such as uncooked, unprocessed raw muscle-meats/organ-meats/eggs, raw dairy, and aged, raw animal foods such as century eggs, fermented meat/fish/shellfish/kefir, as well as vegetables/fruits/nuts/sprouts/honey, but in general "not" raw grains, raw beans, and raw soy. Raw foods included on such diets have not been heated above . Examples of raw animal food diets include the Primal Diet, anopsology (otherwise known as "Instinctive Eating" or "Instincto"), and the Raw Paleolithic diet (otherwise known as the "Raw Meat Diet"). The Primal Diet consists of fatty meats, organ meats, dairy,


title: "Raw foodism" content: demand for raw foods is associated with greater incidence of foodborne illness, especially for raw meat, fish, and shellfish. Outbreaks of gastroenteritis among consumers of raw and undercooked animal products (including smoked, pickled or dried animal products) are well-documented, and include raw meat, raw organ meat, raw fish (whether ocean-going or freshwater), shellfish, raw milk and products made from raw milk, and raw eggs. Studies have associated raw food dieting with loss of body weight and low bone mass. One review stated that "Many raw foods are toxic and only become safe after they have been cooked. Some raw foods


title: "Raw foodism" content: contain substances that destroy vitamins, interfere with digestive enzymes or damage the walls of the intestine. Raw meat can be contaminated with bacteria which would be destroyed by cooking; raw fish can contain substances that interfere with vitamin B1 (anti-thiaminases)" Richard Wrangham, professor of biological anthropology at Harvard University, proposes that cooked food played a pivotal role in human evolution. Evidence of a cooked diet, according to Wrangham, can be seen as far back as 1.8 million years ago in the anatomical adaptations of "Homo erectus". Reduction in the size of teeth and jaw in "H. erectus" indicate a softer


title: "Minor league" content: Minor league Minor leagues are professional sports leagues which are not regarded as the premier leagues in those sports. Minor league teams tend to play in smaller, less elaborate venues, often competing in smaller cities/markets. This term is used in North America with regard to several organizations competing in various sports. They generally have lesser fan bases and smaller budgets. The minor league concept is a manifestation of the franchise system used in North American sports, whereby the group of major league teams in each sport is fixed for long periods between expansions or other adjustments, which only take place


title: "Minor league" content: with the consent of the major league owners. In Europe, and many other parts of the world, the football leagues have many divisions below the "top-flight" as part of the football pyramid. In other parts of the world there is usually either a system of annual promotion and relegation, meaning that clubs have no fixed status in the hierarchy, or there is only one professional league per country in each sport, rendering the major/minor distinction irrelevant. While there are various semi-professional football leagues, none have any affiliation with the National Football League (NFL). The NFL and its teams have had


title: "Minor league" content: working relationships with several independent leagues in the past, including the Association of Professional Football Leagues, the Atlantic Coast Football League, and most recently, the league owned-and-operated NFL Europe. In modern times, the NFL has developed players not ready for the active roster through each team's practice squad. Many consider the Arena Football League to have been a "de facto" minor league, since several NFL owners had teams in it in the mid-2000s, prior to its bankruptcy and restructuring. Arena football is played under very different conditions, and the AFL had its own minor league, af2, until 2009. Several other


title: "Minor league" content: independent indoor football leagues that play a similar game exist. Similarly, the Canadian Football League, though it has developed ties with the NFL in recent years and has moved away from competing with the NFL for talent, plays a visibly different game than the American game, and the two sports favor different types of skills; the CFL arguably holds major league status in its home territory of Canada. Several minor or developmental leagues, independent of the NFL, have come and gone, such as the recent United Football League and the Fall Experimental Football League, but none have lasted more than


title: "Minor league" content: a few seasons. On November 27, 2016, it was reported by CBS Sports that the NFL will present formal proposals for a developmental league or in-season academy (with Troy Vincent prepared to make recommendations) in 2017. Vincent stated "We are ready to socialize our findings to the respective committees at the Pro Bowl, Senior Bowl, and combine" he also stated "We have some viable potential options that are ready to share with the Competition Committee, the Coaches Subcommittee and with some of our active and former players", "Our goal is to create a platform that addresses the entire football community--coaches,


title: "Minor league" content: officials, front office personnel and players--is essential to the long-term sustainability of our game." Below Major League Soccer several lower-level leagues operate on both sides of the U.S.–Canada border as part of the American and Canadian soccer pyramids. As is standard for sports in both countries, the formal promotion and relegation system is not used, although teams have been informally "promoted" from lower leagues up to Major League Soccer. As of the current 2018 U.S.–Canada soccer season, the second level is the United Soccer League (USL), which will be rebranded as the USL Championship for 2019 and beyond. The North


title: "Minor league" content: American Soccer League had previously been the second level, sharing that status with the USL in 2017, but major instability in the NASL led to the loss of that league's second-division status and raised serious questions as to its very survival. USL's parent organization, known as the United Soccer Leagues (note the plural), also operates USL League Two (formerly the Premier Development League, or PDL), a semi-professional league that has some age restrictions. The National Premier Soccer League operates at approximately the same level as League Two. While there was no official third-level professional league in 2018, the USL organization


title: "Minor league" content: plans to launch USL League One at that level in 2019, and another third-level circuit, the National Independent Soccer Association, also plans a 2019 launch. In 2013 Major League Soccer announced a partnership with the USL which began formal affiliation between some USL teams and MLS teams. The partnership has continued to deepen; several MLS teams now field their own reserve teams in the USL, and MLS now requires all of its teams to either field a reserve team in the USL or officially affiliate with a separately owned USL team. No formal relationship exists between NASL and the other


title: "Minor league" content: leagues; NASL's commissioner has said he believes it will "stay that way for some time". Minor league baseball is almost as old as the professional game itself, and at first consisted of attempts to play baseball in smaller cities and towns independent of the National League, the first true major league. Soon, scouts for the National League were traveling to watch minor league teams play and attempting to sign the more talented ones away. Soon Major League Baseball began formal developmental agreements with some minor league teams, while others remained independent. Since it was first developed in the 1920s by


title: "Minor league" content: St. Louis Cardinals executive Branch Rickey, the formal developmental affiliations have come to dominate minor league baseball, and the majority of minor leagues are part of the affiliated system. A general decline in minor league attendance occurred following the advent of television; minor league clubs only survived in many markets because their major league affiliations included financial support. The trend began to reverse in the 1990s, as new independent minor leagues began for the first time in decades and have become successful to varying levels. The National Basketball Association has an affiliated minor league: the NBA G League (formerly called


title: "Burlesque Hall of Fame" content: Fame is the featured subject of the 2010 documentary "Exotic World & the Burlesque Revival". Dixie Evans appears in Leslie Zemeckis' documentary "Behind the Burly Q". Exotic World hosts the annual Miss Exotic World pageant on the first Saturday of every June. Each year a Neo-burlesque performer is crowned Miss Exotic World in a contest often referred to as the Miss America of burlesque. Winners receive both the title and a trophy. Evolving from annual celebrations for the Exotic Dancers League union, Dixie Evans initiated the Miss Exotic World pageant in 1990 as a way to draw people to the


title: "Cheer pheasant" content: in 21 calling sites in Kullu district of Himachal Pradesh. They are found mainly above 6000 feet altitude and up to 10000 feet in summer. Due to ongoing habitat loss, small population size and hunting in some areas, the cheer pheasant is evaluated as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It is listed on Appendix I of CITES. Attempts to reintroduce captive-bred cheer pheasants in Pakistan have been unsuccessful. Cheer pheasant The cheer pheasant, ("Catreus wallichii"), also known as Wallich's pheasant is a vulnerable species of the pheasant family, Phasianidae. It is the only member in monotypic


title: "Bread clip" content: open and effectively seal food bags. The simple bread clip allowed for that. In addition, re-closability became a selling point as smaller families and higher costs slowed consumption, leading to a potential for higher rates of spoilage. Kwik Lok Corporation continues to be the main manufacturer of bread clips with Schutte as their European competitor. Bread clip A bread clip is a device used to hold plastic bags closed, such as the ones in which sliced bread is commonly packaged. They are also commonly called bread tags, bread tabs, bread ties, bread climps or bread-bag clips. By sealing a bag


title: "Eskimo kinship" content: also reinforces this. The term "Eskimo" is considered pejorative in Canada, and has been replaced there by the term "Inuit". The former remains in use in Alaska, though less so than in past decades. In Canada, the term "Inuit kinship" is therefore widely used instead of "Eskimo kinship". Eskimo kinship Eskimo kinship is a category of kinship used to define family organization in anthropology. Identified by Lewis Henry Morgan in his 1871 work "Systems of Consanguinity and Affinity of the Human Family", the Eskimo system was one of six major kinship systems (Eskimo, Hawaiian, Iroquois, Crow, Omaha, and Sudanese). The


title: "Port Ellen distillery" content: When Port Ellen was closed in 1983, Diageo did not just 'mothball' the distillery, leaving all the equipment there in place. Instead, they knocked down some of the buildings, repurposed others, and destroyed the precious stills. Diageo say they are going to considerable efforts to recreate as similar as possible new stills, and point to factory records from the 1980s, and still having former Port Ellen employees working for them elsewhere on Islay to assist in an accurate recreation of the Port Ellen style. Port Ellen distillery The Port Ellen distillery is located in Port Ellen on the isle of


title: "Mushroom poisoning" content: Mushroom poisoning Mushroom poisoning (also known as mycetism or mycetismus) refers to harmful effects from ingestion of toxic substances present in a mushroom. These symptoms can vary from slight gastrointestinal discomfort to death. The toxins present are secondary metabolites produced by the fungus. Mushroom poisoning is usually the result of ingestion of wild mushrooms after misidentification of a toxic mushroom as an edible species. The most common reason for this misidentification is close resemblance in terms of colour and general morphology of the toxic mushrooms species with edible species. To prevent mushroom poisoning, mushroom gatherers familiarize themselves with the mushrooms


title: "Staten Island Yankees" content: Staten Island Yankees The Staten Island Yankees are a minor league baseball team, located in the New York City borough of Staten Island. Nicknamed the "Baby Bombers", the Yankees are a Short-Season A classification affiliate of the New York Yankees and play in the New York–Penn League at Richmond County Bank Ballpark along the waterfront in St. George. The Yankees last won the league championship in the 2011 season. The Staten Island Yankees were brought to Staten Island in 1999 in a deal brokered by Mayor Rudolph Giuliani. The team came from the Watertown Indians and the Oneonta Yankees. The


title: "Common hill myna" content: Common hill myna The common hill myna ("Gracula religiosa"), sometimes spelled "mynah" and formerly simply known as hill myna, is the myna most commonly seen in aviculture, where it is often simply referred to by the latter two names. It is a member of the starling family (Sturnidae), resident in hill regions of South Asia and Southeast Asia. The Sri Lanka hill myna, a former subspecies of "G. religiosa", is now generally accepted as a separate species "G. ptilogenys". The Enggano hill myna ("G. enganensis") and Nias hill myna ("G. robusta") are also widely accepted as specifically distinct, and many


title: "Common hill myna" content: and there are yellow wattles on the nape and under the eye. These differ conspicuously in shape from the naked eye-patch of the common myna and bank myna ("A. ginginianus"), and more subtly vary between the different hill mynas from South Asia: in the common hill myna, they extend from the eye to the nape, where they join, while the Sri Lanka hill myna has a single wattle across the nape and extending a bit towards the eyes. In the Southern hill myna, the wattles are separate and curve towards the top of the head. The Nias and Enggano hill


title: "Common hill myna" content: when the population becomes too large. Common hill myna The common hill myna ("Gracula religiosa"), sometimes spelled "mynah" and formerly simply known as hill myna, is the myna most commonly seen in aviculture, where it is often simply referred to by the latter two names. It is a member of the starling family (Sturnidae), resident in hill regions of South Asia and Southeast Asia. The Sri Lanka hill myna, a former subspecies of "G. religiosa", is now generally accepted as a separate species "G. ptilogenys". The Enggano hill myna ("G. enganensis") and Nias hill myna ("G. robusta") are also widely


title: "Sri Lanka hill myna" content: Sri Lanka hill myna The Sri Lanka hill myna, Ceylon myna or Sri Lanka myna ("Gracula ptilogenys"), is a myna, a member of the starling family. This bird is endemic to Sri Lanka. This passerine is typically found in forest and cultivation. The Sri Lanka myna builds a nest in a hole. The normal clutch is two eggs. These 25 cm long birds have green-glossed black plumage, purple-tinged on the head and neck. There are large white wing patches, which are obvious in flight. The strong legs are bright yellow, and there are yellow wattles on the nape. The different


title: "Sri Lanka hill myna" content: postal stamp. It is also the media icon of Sri Lanka Rupavahini Corporation. Sri Lanka hill myna The Sri Lanka hill myna, Ceylon myna or Sri Lanka myna ("Gracula ptilogenys"), is a myna, a member of the starling family. This bird is endemic to Sri Lanka. This passerine is typically found in forest and cultivation. The Sri Lanka myna builds a nest in a hole. The normal clutch is two eggs. These 25 cm long birds have green-glossed black plumage, purple-tinged on the head and neck. There are large white wing patches, which are obvious in flight. The strong legs


title: "Al-Waleed bin Talal" content: bought 5.9 percent of Daewoo for $50 million, which he increased to 18 percent with an additional $100 million investment, 3 percent of PROTON Holdings for $46 million, 3 percent of Ong Beng Seng's Hotel Properties Ltd., and $50 million worth of Hyundai Motor Company bonds. In Africa, he invested $50 million, acquiring 10 percent of Sonatel, 10 percent of EcoBank, 13.7 percent of United Bank for Africa, and 14 percent of CAL Bank. Investments which turned out poorly included WorldCom, Priceline, Teledesic, and KirchMedia, besides PlanetHollywood and Euro Disney. His stake in Apple was sold in 2005. Al-Waleed also


title: "Asymptotic expansion" content: The expression on the left is valid on the entire complex plane formula_21, while the right hand side converges only for formula_22. Multiplying by formula_23 and integrating both sides yields after the substitution formula_25 on the right hand side. The integral on the left hand side, understood as a Cauchy principal value, can be expressed in terms of the exponential integral. The integral on the right hand side may be recognized as the gamma function. Evaluating both, one obtains the asymptotic expansion Here, the right hand side is clearly not convergent for any non-zero value of "t". However, by truncating


title: "Mount Saint Elias" content: Mount Saint Elias " "Mount Saint Elias" may also refer to Mount Carmel" Mount Saint Elias, also designated Boundary Peak 186, is the second highest mountain in both Canada and the United States, being situated on the Yukon and Alaska border. It lies about southwest of Mount Logan, the highest mountain in Canada. The Canadian side is part of Kluane National Park and Reserve, while the U.S. side of the mountain is located within Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve. Its name in Tlingit is "Yasʼéitʼaa Shaa", meaning "mountain behind Icy Bay", and is occasionally called "Shaa Tlein" "Big Mountain"


title: "Mount Saint Elias" content: by the Yakutat Tlingit. It is one of the most important crests of the Kwaashkʼiḵwáan clan since they used it as a guide during their journey down the Copper River. Mount Fairweather at the apex of the British Columbia and Alaska borders at the head of the Alaska Panhandle is known as "Tsalx̱aan", it is said this mountain and "Yasʼéitʼaa Shaa" (Mt. St. Elias) were originally next to each other but had an argument and separated. Their children, the mountains in between the two peaks, are called "Tsalx̱aan Yátxʼi" ("Children of Tsalxaan"). The mountain was first sighted by European explorers


title: "Mount Saint Elias" content: on July 16, 1741 by Vitus Bering of Russia. While some historians contend that the mountain was named by Bering, others believe that eighteenth century mapmakers named it after Cape Saint Elias, when it was left unnamed by Bering. Mount Saint Elias is notable for its immense vertical relief. Its summit rises vertically in just horizontal distance from the head of Taan Fjord, off of Icy Bay. In 2007, an Austrian documentary, "Mount. St. Elias", was made about a team of skier/mountaineers determined to make "the planet's longest skiing descent" – ascending the mountain and then skiing nearly all 18,000


title: "Mount Saint Elias" content: feet down to the Gulf of Alaska; the movie finished editing and underwent limited release in 2009. The climbers ended up summiting on the second attempt and skiing down to 13,000 feet. Mt. St. Elias was first climbed on July 31, 1897 by an Italian expedition led by famed explorer Prince Luigi Amadeo di Savoia, (who also reconnoitered the current standard route on K2 in 1909) and including noted mountain photographer Vittorio Sella. The second ascent was not until 1946, when a group from the Harvard Mountaineering Club including noted mountain historian Dee Molenaar climbed the Southwest Ridge route. The


title: "Mount Saint Elias" content: summit party comprised Molenaar, his brother Cornelius, Andrew and Betty Kauffman, Maynard Miller, William Latady, and Benjamin Ferris. (This expedition was somewhat unusual for the era in including a female member.) William Putnam was a member of the expedition but did not make the summit. They used eleven camps, eight of which were on the approach from Icy Bay, and three of which were on the mountain. They were supported by multiple air drops of food. The first winter ascent was made on February 13, 1996 by David Briggs, Gardner Heaton and Joe Reichert. After being flown by pilots Steve


title: "Mount Saint Elias" content: Ranney and Gary Graham, in to on the Tyndal Glacier, they climbed the southwest ridge and followed the "Milk Bowl" variation in order to avoid 2,000 feet of loose rock on the normal route. The team had originally planned to begin their ascent from the ocean and cross the Tyndal Glacier but the terrain was in very poor condition. Mount Saint Elias is infrequently climbed today, despite its height, because it has no easy route to the summit and because of its prolonged periods of bad weather (mainly snow and low visibility). Mount Saint Elias, project of songwriter Joey Coe.


title: Tart content: were often based on fruit and custard. An early tart was the Italian crostata, dating to at least the mid-15th century. It has been described as a "rustic free-form version of an open fruit tart". Tarts are typically free-standing with firm pastry base consisting of dough, itself made of flour, thick filling, and perpendicular sides while pies may have softer pastry, looser filling, and sloped sides, necessitating service from the pie plate. There are many types of tarts, with popular varieties including Treacle tart, meringue tart, tarte tatin and Bakewell tart. Another popular tart flavour is jam tarts, which may


title: "1967–1970" content: 1967–1970 1967–1970 (widely known as "The Blue Album") is a compilation of songs by the English rock band the Beatles, spanning the years indicated in the title. It was released with "1962–1966" ("The Red Album"), in 1973. "1967–1970" made number 1 on the American Billboard chart and number 2 on the British Album Chart. This album was re-released in September 1993 on CD, charting at number 4 in the United Kingdom. The album was compiled by Beatles manager Allen Klein. Songs performed by the Beatles as solo artists were also considered for inclusion, but as with the cover songs on


title: "1967–1970" content: "1962–1966", limited space resulted in this idea having to be abandoned. As with "1962–1966", this compilation was produced by Apple/EMI at least partially in response to a bootleg collection titled "Alpha Omega", which had been sold on television the previous year. Print advertising for the two records made a point of declaring them "the only authorized collection of the Beatles." For the group's 1963 debut LP "Please Please Me", photographer Angus McBean took the distinctive colour photograph of the group looking down over the stairwell inside EMI House (EMI's London headquarters in Manchester Square, demolished in 1995). In 1969, the


title: "1967–1970" content: Beatles asked McBean to recreate this shot. Although a photograph from the 1969 photo shoot was originally intended for the then-planned "Get Back" album, it was not used when that project saw eventual release in 1970 as "Let It Be". Instead, another photograph from the 1969 shoot, along with an unused photograph from the 1963 photo shoot, was used for both this LP and "1962–1966". The inner gatefold photo for both LPs is by Don McCullin from the "Mad Day Out" photo session in London on Sunday 28 July 1968. The album cover was designed by Tom Wilkes. Unlike the


title: "1967–1970" content: "1962–1966" collection, the Blue Album was largely the same in the US and UK, although there were some variations. The US edition had "Strawberry Fields Forever" in its original 1967 stereo mix while both "Penny Lane" and "Hello, Goodbye" were presented in fake stereo, and "I Am the Walrus" with a four-beat electric piano introduction; the UK version had the more common six-beat beginning. In the Spanish edition "One After 909" substituted "The Ballad of John and Yoko", a song that was banned from the airwaves shortly after being released as a single in 1969, for its allusion to "Christ"


title: "1967–1970" content: and "Gibraltar" in the lyrics. The albums had several other variants and anomalies. "Get Back" was described as the album version in the US liner notes, although it was in fact the single version. In both countries, "Hey Jude" was around nine seconds shorter than it had been on the original single, although the full length was restored for the 1993 compact disc edition. The original vinyl version faded in during the crowd noise at the beginning of "A Day in the Life". The fade in was different on both the UK and US versions. The original compact disc edition,


title: "1967–1970" content: meanwhile, featured a clean version previously heard on the "" soundtrack album in 1988. The album liner notes state that all songs were produced by George Martin, except "Across the Universe" and "The Long and Winding Road" produced by Phil Spector, meaning that George Martin was credited as producer of the song "Don't Let Me Down" which usually has no official producer's credit. In the US, the album sold 1,294,896 double LPs by December 31, 1973 and 3,850,026 double LPs by the end of the decade. 1967–1970 1967–1970 (widely known as "The Blue Album") is a compilation of songs by


title: "Matt Williams (third baseman)" content: the 1986 pro baseball draft. Williams began his major league career in 1987 primarily as a short stop for the Giants while playing some games at third base also. He played both short stop and third base until the 1990 season when he became the starting third baseman for the Giants and went on to lead the National League in Runs Batted In with 122 while making the National League All Star team. Despite suffering from several leg injuries and some lower-back ailments, Williams was an excellent fielder at third base, and a dangerous and productive hitter. As a third


title: "Beth Broderick" content: "A Cup of Joe", "Wonderland" and "Literatti" with Dennis Bailey. She directed three episodes of "Sabrina, the Teenage Witch": "Guilty!" (2002), "Cloud Ten" (2002), and "Making the Grade" (2001). Broderick married Brian Porizek on January 26, 1998, and the couple divorced on July 11, 2000. Broderick married Scott Paetty on April 29, 2005. She had a year-long romance with director Brian De Palma during production of "The Bonfire of the Vanities". She is the founding director of Momentum, one of the first organizations in New York established to assist people with AIDS. Broderick was also a founding member of the


title: "San Jose Municipal Stadium" content: been the home field for the San Jose Owls, San Jose Red Sox, San Jose Jo Sox, San Jose Pirates, San Jose Missions, San Jose Bees, and the San Jose Expos. San Jose Municipal Stadium was built in 1941–1942 as a WPA project at a cost of $80,000. It was one of the first stadiums to be built entirely of reinforced concrete and opened in 1942. The first game featured the San Francisco Seals as the home team. Fans sit very close to the field in four distinct seating areas. The first 7 rows of the main grandstand are numbered


title: "Purple starling" content: a gregarious and noisy bird, with typical starling squeaks and chattering. The purple starling builds a nest in a hole. The normal clutch is two eggs. Like most starlings, the purple starling is omnivorous, eating fruit and insects. Purple starling The purple starling ("Lamprotornis purpureus"), also known as the purple glossy starling, is a member of the starling family of birds. It is a resident breeder in tropical Africa from Senegal and north Zaire east to Sudan and west Kenya. This common passerine is typically found in open woodland and cultivation. The adults of these stocky 22–23 cm long birds


title: "Unique selling proposition" content: a feature that conveys unique benefits to the consumer." Communicating the USP is a key element of branding. In "Reality in Advertising", Reeves laments that the USP is widely misunderstood. He outlined three basic rules for an advertisement that encapsulated his ideas about the USP: The USP concept has become one of the eight broad approaches to creative executions in advertising. The USP approach is recommended where the product category is characterised by high levels of technological innovation. A clear USP helps consumers to understand differences between brand offerings in a category, and may also help consumers to form a


title: "Evaporated milk" content: Evaporated milk Evaporated milk, known in some countries as "unsweetened condensed milk", is a shelf-stable canned milk product with about 60% of the water removed from fresh milk. It differs from sweetened condensed milk, which contains added sugar. Sweetened condensed milk requires less processing since the added sugar inhibits bacterial growth. The product takes up half the space of its nutritional equivalent in fresh milk. When the liquid product is mixed with a proportionate amount of water, evaporated milk becomes the rough equivalent of fresh milk. This makes evaporated milk attractive for purposes as it can have a shelf life


title: "Rural district" content: Mowbray. Some rural districts were fragmented, consisting of a number of detached parts, such as Wigan Rural District. Some rural districts had a more rounded shape and had a small town or village as the administrative centre. A few rural districts consisted of only one parish (for example, Tintwistle Rural District, Alston with Garrigill Rural District, South Mimms Rural District, King's Lynn Rural District, Disley Rural District and Crowland Rural District). In such districts there was no separate parish council, and the rural district council exercised its functions. All rural districts in England and Wales were abolished in 1974 (by


title: "United States Pharmacopeia" content: United States Pharmacopeia The United States Pharmacopeia ("USP") is a pharmacopeia (compendium of drug information) for the United States published annually by the United States Pharmacopeial Convention (usually also called the USP), a nonprofit organization that owns the trademark and copyright. The "USP" is published in a combined volume with the "National Formulary" (a formulary) as the USP-NF. If a drug ingredient or drug product has an applicable "USP" quality standard (in the form of a "USP-NF" monograph), it must conform in order to use the designation "USP" or "NF". Drugs subject to "USP" standards include both human drugs (prescription,


title: "United States Pharmacopeia" content: over-the-counter, or otherwise) and animal drugs. "USP-NF" standards also have a role in U.S. federal law; a drug or drug ingredient with a name recognized in "USP-NF" is considered adulterated if it does not satisfy compendial standards for strength, quality or purity. USP also sets standards for dietary supplements and food ingredients (as part of the "Food Chemicals Codex"). USP has no role in enforcing its standards; enforcement is the responsibility of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and other government authorities in the U.S. and elsewhere. "USP" establishes written (documentary) and physical (reference) standards for medicines, food ingredients, dietary supplement


title: "United States Pharmacopeia" content: Supplement Mark on their labels. This is different from seeing the letters "USP" alone on a dietary supplement label, which means that the manufacturer is claiming to adhere to USP standards. "USP" does not test such products as it does with USP Verified products. In the past, Congress authorized the Secretary of HHS to request USP to develop a drug classification system that Medicare Prescription Drug Benefit plans may use to develop their formularies, and to revise such classification from time to time to reflect changes in therapeutic uses covered by Part D drugs and the addition of new covered


title: "Justus Georg Westphal" content: Justus Georg Westphal Justus Georg Westphal (18 March 1824 – 9 November 1859) was a German astronomer and mathematician. Westphal is not to be confused with Johann Heinrich Westphal (1794 – 1831). Within the NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) he also appears to be confused with a third Westphal, "Alfred Friedrich Julius Westphal" ("Dr. A. Westphal"), a geophysicist who lived from August 1, 1850 to 1924 and who first published in 1881. J. G. Westphal is only mentioned a few times in the ADS, between 1853 and 1859. Westphal was born on March 18, 1824 in Colborn near Lüchow. He


title: "Justus Georg Westphal" content: of his life, died on November 9, 1859, in Lüneburg. Justus Georg Westphal Justus Georg Westphal (18 March 1824 – 9 November 1859) was a German astronomer and mathematician. Westphal is not to be confused with Johann Heinrich Westphal (1794 – 1831). Within the NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) he also appears to be confused with a third Westphal, "Alfred Friedrich Julius Westphal" ("Dr. A. Westphal"), a geophysicist who lived from August 1, 1850 to 1924 and who first published in 1881. J. G. Westphal is only mentioned a few times in the ADS, between 1853 and 1859. Westphal was


title: "Lindy Ruff" content: Lindy Ruff Lindy Cameron Ruff (born February 17, 1960) is a Canadian assistant coach for the New York Rangers of the National Hockey League (NHL). Ruff was previously the head coach of the Dallas Stars of the NHL, and also the head coach of the Buffalo Sabres from 1997 to 2013, with whom he won the Jack Adams Award as Coach of the Year in 2006. During his playing career, Ruff played in the NHL for the Sabres and Rangers, the former of which he captained. Ruff was an assistant coach for the 2014 Canadian Olympic Hockey Team. Ruff was


title: "Lindy Ruff" content: killed in a bus crash while playing for the Swift Current Broncos in 1986. Another younger brother, Marty Ruff, was a first round draft pick of the St. Louis Blues, but never appeared in an NHL game. An older brother, Randy Ruff, played and coached in junior hockey. Lindy Ruff and his wife Gaye have four children: Brett, Eryn and twins Madeline and Brian. The Ruffs' primary residence is in Clarence, New York. Lindy Ruff Lindy Cameron Ruff (born February 17, 1960) is a Canadian assistant coach for the New York Rangers of the National Hockey League (NHL). Ruff was


title: "Died Pretty" content: Died Pretty Died Pretty, sometimes The Died Pretty, are an Australian alternative rock band founded by mainstays, Ron Peno as its lead singer and Brett Myers as its lead guitarist and backing vocalist, in Sydney in 1983 – briefly as Final Solution. Their music started from a base of early electric Bob Dylan with psychedelic influences, including The Velvet Underground and Television. They were managed by John Needham, who is the owner of Citadel Records, their main label. Died Pretty's 1990s albums, "Doughboy Hollow", "Trace" and "Sold" appeared on the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Albums Charts but they had


title: "Died Pretty" content: more success on the alternate scene. According to rock music historian, Ian McFarlane, they "unashamedly plundered rock's past to arrive at an original sound that was always passionate, atmospheric and uplifting ... produced some of the most inspirational rock music heard in Australia". The group formally disbanded in 2002 but have reunited on a number of occasions for short tours in Australia. Most recently they undertook a joint national tour with Radio Birdman in June and July 2017. Died Pretty was formed in 1983 in Sydney after vocalist Ron Peno had left his previous band, Screaming Tribesmen. Peno had been


title: "Died Pretty" content: a member of Sydney punk band The Hellcats (as Ronnie Pop, 1977), and followed with The 31st (in Brisbane, 1979–1981) and Screaming Tribesmen (Brisbane then Sydney, 1981–1983). In April 1983, music journalist and keyboardist Frank Brunetti of Super K had formed a duo with lead guitarist and vocalist Brett Myers from The End (in Brisbane then Sydney). Myers was a fan of American group Velvet Underground and the duo modelled themselves after experimental New York protopunk band Suicide. Brunetti suggested Peno join as singer and their first five performances were in Brisbane under the name Final Solution, after the song


title: "Died Pretty" content: by Pere Ubu. Peno provided the name Died Pretty, and on drums, they recruited Rob Younger (Radio Birdman, Super K) for two months. After various bass guitarists, Jonathan Lickliter joined and Younger was replaced by Colin Barwick both from The End with Myers. Younger concentrated on his career as producer for Citadel Records. Died Pretty signed with Citadel and were managed by the label's owner John Needham. Their music started from a base of early electric Bob Dylan with psychedelic influences, including The Velvet Underground and Television. According to rock music historian, Ian McFarlane, they "unashamedly plundered rock's past to


title: "Died Pretty" content: arrive at an original sound that was always passionate, atmospheric and uplifting ... produced some of the most inspirational rock music heard in Australia". The band came to the attention of the Australian independent music scene and inner city circuit. In January 1984 they recorded "Out of the Unknown", with Younger producing, which was released on Citadel as their first single. Before touring to Melbourne, Lickliter was replaced on bass guitar by Mark Lock (The Phantom Agents, End). In August they recorded a 10-minute psychedelic epic "Mirror Blues" (issued split over a 7" in Australia and intact on 12" in


title: ExpressCard content: models incorporating both CardBus (PCMCIA, PC Card) and ExpressCard slots. These included certain models of Acer Aspire, Acer Extensa, Toshiba Satellite, Dell Latitude and Precision, MSI S42x and Lenovo ThinkPad Z60m, R52, T60, R61 and T61. In March 2005, the Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) showed some of the first ExpressCard products at the CeBIT trade show in Germany. A large number of ExpressCard devices were presented. In November 2006, Belkin announced that it was launching the first ExpressCard docking station, which uses the PCIe part of an ExpressCard connection to enable 1600x1200 video and the USB part


title: "Ford Corsair" content: replaced by the Mk 3 Cortina in 1970, at which time the enlarged Cortina became Ford's mid-sized car, and a new smaller model, the Escort, had already filled in the size below. The new Ford Capri took on the performance and sporty aspirations of the company. Manufacturing Breakdown Corsair 1500 Standard 2 Door 355, Corsair 1500 Standard 4 Door 953, Corsair 1500 Deluxe 2 Door 33,352, Corsair 1500 Deluxe 4 Door 103,094, Corsair 1500 GT 2 Door 6,610, Corsair 1500 GT 4 Door 15,247, Total Corsair 1500 159,951 1963-1965, Corsair V4 Deluxe 2 Door 6,450 predominantly LHD Cars for Europe/Export,


title: "Ford Corsair" content: Corsair V4 Deluxe 4 Door 118,065, Corsair V4 GT 2 Door 1,534 predominantly LHD Cars for Europe/Export, Corsair V4 GT 4 Door 12,589, Corsair V4 2000E 4 Door 31,566, Corsair V4 Estate 4 Door 900, Corsair V4 Estate 2000GT 4 Door 40, Total Corsair V4 171,144 1966-1970, Total Ford Corsair production 331,095 1963-1970 Over its six-year production, 310,000 Corsairs were built - of which approximately 350 are thought to survive. Conversely, of the 100 convertibles built around 75 have survived. Between 1989 and 1992, the Ford Corsair name was used by Ford Australia for a badge engineered version of the


title: "New York City" content: New York City The City of New York, often called New York City (NYC) or simply New York (NY), is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2017 population of 8,622,698 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States. Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the world by urban landmass and one of the world's most populous megacities, with an


title: "New York City" content: estimated 20,320,876 people in its 2017 Metropolitan Statistical Area and 23,876,155 residents in its Combined Statistical Area. A global power city, New York City has been described uniquely as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, tourism, art, fashion, and sports. The city's fast pace has inspired the term "New York minute". Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy. Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each


title: "New York City" content: of which is a separate county of the State of New York. The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world. New York City is home to more than 3.2 million residents born outside the United States, the largest foreign-born population of any city in the world. In 2017, the New


title: "New York City" content: York metropolitan area produced a gross metropolitan product (GMP) of US$1.73 trillion. If greater New York City were a sovereign state, it would have the 12th highest GDP in the world. New York City traces its origins to a trading post founded by colonists from the Dutch Republic in 1624 on Lower Manhattan; the post was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed "New York" after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, the Duke of York. New York served as the capital of


title: "New York City" content: the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the country's largest city since 1790. The Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a world symbol of the United States and its ideals of liberty and peace. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a global node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance, and environmental sustainability, and as a symbol of freedom and cultural diversity. Many districts and landmarks in New York City are well known, with the city


title: "New York City" content: having three of the world's ten most visited tourist attractions in 2013 and receiving a record 62.8 million tourists in 2017. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world. Times Square, iconic as the world's "heart" and its "Crossroads", is the brightly illuminated hub of the Broadway Theater District, one of the world's busiest pedestrian intersections, and a major center of the world's entertainment industry. The names of many of the city's landmarks, skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattan's real estate market is among the most expensive in the world. New York


title: "New York City" content: is home to the largest ethnic Chinese population outside of Asia, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is the largest single-operator rapid transit system worldwide, with rail stations. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, which have been ranked among the top universities in the world. Anchored by Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, it has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, and


title: "New York City" content: the city is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization, the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ. In 1664, the city was named in honor of the Duke of York, who would become King James II of England. James's older brother, King Charles II, had appointed the Duke proprietor of the former territory of New Netherland, including the city of New Amsterdam, which England had recently seized from the Dutch. During the Wisconsinan glaciation, 75,000 to 11,000 years ago, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over


title: "New York City" content: in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of regolith, leaving the bedrock that serves as the geologic foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet contributed to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. In the precolonial era, the area of present-day New York City was inhabited by Algonquian Native Americans, including the Lenape, whose homeland, known as Lenapehoking, included Staten Island; the western portion of Long Island, including the area that would become Brooklyn and Queens; Manhattan; the Bronx; and the Lower Hudson Valley. The first


title: "New York City" content: documented visit into New York Harbor by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown. He claimed the area for France and named it "Nouvelle Angoulême" (New Angoulême). A Spanish expedition led by captain Estêvão Gomes, a Portuguese sailing for Emperor Charles V, arrived in New York Harbor in January 1525 and charted the mouth of the Hudson River, which he named "Río de San Antonio" (Saint Anthony's River). The Padrón Real of 1527, the first scientific map to show the East Coast of North America continuously, was informed


title: "Hans van den Broek" content: the elimination of all nuclear weapons worldwide. Van den Broek is married with Josee van den Broek-van Schendel. They have two daughters, one of whom is Princess Marilène, the wife of Prince Maurits of Orange-Nassau, van Vollenhoven. Hans van den Broek Henri "Hans" van den Broek (; born 11 December 1936) is a retired Dutch politician and diplomat of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA). Henri van den Broek was born on 11 December 1936 in Paris in France. His father was Hendrik Johannes van den Broek and his mother was Maria Alberta Antonia Roest. Van den Broek went to the


title: "Formula One car" content: These brakes are designed and manufactured to work in extreme temperatures, up to 1,000 degrees Celsius (1800 °F). The driver can control brake force distribution fore and aft to compensate for changes in track conditions or fuel load. Regulations specify this control must be mechanical, not electronic, thus it is typically operated by a lever inside the cockpit as opposed to a control on the steering wheel. An average F1 car can decelerate from 100 to 0 km/h (62 to 0 mph) in about 15 meters (48 ft), compared with a 2009 BMW M3, which needs 31 meters (102 ft).


title: "Suitcase nuclear device" content: of these weapons in the US unlawful. This law was, however, repealed in the "National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2004". Allegations were made in the 1990s that Israel had developed suitcase nuclear bombs during the 1970s. Suitcase nuclear device A suitcase nuclear device (also suitcase bomb, backpack nuke, mini-nuke, and pocket nuke) is a hypothetical tactical nuclear weapon that is portable enough that it could use a suitcase as its delivery method. Both the United States and the Soviet Union developed nuclear weapons small enough to be portable in specially-designed backpacks during the 1950s and 1960s. The maximum


title: "Apple Corps" content: Apple instead, and seeing that the Beatles would not be part of the NEMS package, Stigwood went to form his own company, RSO Records. The Apple logo was designed by Gene Mahon, with illustrator Alan Aldridge transcribing the copyright notice to appear on record releases. In January 1968, Beatles Ltd. officially changed its name to Apple Corps. Ltd. and registered the Apple trademark in forty-seven countries In February the company also registered Apple Electronics, Apple Films Ltd., Apple Management, Apple Music Publishing, Apple Overseas, Apple Publicity, Apple Records, Apple Retail, and Apple Tailoring Civil and Theatrical with the intent on


title: "National Association of Professional Base Ball Players" content: later competing American League of Professional Base Ball Clubs in 1901, known too as the American League. In 1869, the previously amateur National Association of Base Ball Players, in response to concerns that some teams were paying players, established a professional category. The Cincinnati Red Stockings were the first team to declare their intention to become fully professional. Other teams quickly followed suit. By 1871, several clubs, wanting to separate fully from the amateur association, broke away to found the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players. (The remaining amateur clubs founded the National Association of Amateur Base Ball Players,


title: "Camp Bucca" content: died of natural causes. On 14 May 2005, a 30-year-old male detainee at Camp Bucca died from a heart attack. On 23 May 2005, a fuel truck collapsed the roof of an escape tunnel being dug out of Camp Bucca. On 27 July 2005, a 30-year-old male security detainee at Camp Bucca died as a result of renal failure and other organ failure due to chronic malaria. On 28 September 2005, SGT Steve Morin Jr. assigned to the 111th Engineer Battalion and Air Force Airman 1st Class Elizabeth N. Jacobson assigned to the 17th Security Forces Squadron stationed at Camp


title: Bedroom content: Bedroom A bedroom is a room of a house, mansion, castle, palace, hotel, dormitory, apartment, condominium, duplex or townhouse where people sleep. A typical western bedroom contains as bedroom furniture one or two beds (ranging from a crib for an infant, a single or twin bed for a toddler, child, teenager, or single adult to bigger sizes like a full, double, queen, king or California king (eastern or waterbed size for a couple), a clothes closet, a nightstand, and a dresser (dressing table). Except in bungalows, ranch style homes, or one-storey motels, bedrooms are usually on one of the floors


title: Bedroom content: of a dwelling that is above ground level. In larger Victorian houses it was common to have accessible from the bedroom a boudoir for the lady of the house and a dressing room for the gentleman. Attic bedrooms exist in some houses; since they are only separated from the outside air by the roof they are typically cold in winter and may be too hot in summer. The slope of the rafters supporting a pitched roof also makes them inconvenient. In houses where servants were living in they often used attic bedrooms. In the 14th century the lower class slept


title: Bedroom content: on mattresses that were stuffed with hay and broom straws. During the 16th century mattresses stuffed with feathers started to gain popularity, with those who could afford them. The common person was doing well if he could buy a mattress after seven years of marriage. In the 18th century cotton and wool started to become more common. The first coil spring mattress wasn’t invented until 1871. The most common and most purchased mattress is the innerspring mattress, though a wide variety of alternative materials are available including foam, latex, wool, and even silk. The variety of firmness choices range from


title: Bedroom content: relatively soft to a rather firm mattress. A bedroom may have bunk beds if two or more people share a room. A chamber pot kept under the bed or in a nightstand was usual in the period before modern domestic plumbing and bathrooms in dwellings. Furniture and other items in bedrooms vary greatly, depending on taste, local traditions and the socioeconomic status of an individual. For instance, a master bedroom may include a bed of a specific size (double, king or queen-sized); one or more dressers (or perhaps, a wardrobe armoire); a nightstand; one or more closets; and carpeting. Built-in


title: Bedroom content: closets are less common in Europe than in North America; thus there is greater use of freestanding wardrobes or armoires in Europe. An individual’s bedroom is a reflection of their personality, as well as social class and socioeconomic status, and is unique to each person. However, there are certain items that are common in most bedrooms. Mattresses usually have a bed set to raise the mattress off the floor and the bed often provides some decoration. There are many different types of mattresses. Night stands are also popular. They are used to put various items on, such as an alarm


title: Bedroom content: clock or a small lamp. In the times before bathrooms existed in dwellings bedrooms often contained a washstand for tasks of personal hygiene. In the 2010s, having a television set in a bedroom is fairly common as well. 43% of American children from ages 3 to 4 have a television in their bedrooms. Along with television sets many bedrooms also have computers, video game consoles, and a desk to do work. In the late 20th century and early 21st century the bedroom became a more social environment and people started to spend a lot more time in their bedrooms than


title: Bedroom content: in the past. Bedding used in northern Europe (especially in Scandinavia) is significantly different from that used in North America and other parts of Europe. In Japan futons are common. In addition to a bed (or, if shared by two or more children, a bunk bed), a child's bedroom may include a small closet or dressers, a toy box or computer game console, bookcase or other items. Many houses in North America have at least two bedrooms—usually a master bedroom and one or more bedrooms for either the children or guests. In some jurisdictions there are basic features (such as


title: Bedroom content: a closet and a "means of egress") that a room must have in order to legally qualify as a bedroom. In many states, such as Alaska, bedrooms are not required to have closets and must instead meet minimum size requirements. A closet by definition is a small space used to store things. In a bedroom, a closet is most commonly used for clothes and other small personal items that one may have. Walk in closets are more popular today and vary in size. However, in the past wardrobes have been the most prominent. A wardrobe is a tall rectangular shaped


title: Bedroom content: cabinet that clothes can be stored or hung in. Clothes are also kept in a dresser. Typically nicer clothes are kept in the closet because they can be hung up while leisure clothing and undergarments are stored in the dresser. In buildings with multiple self-contained housing units (e.g., apartments), the number of bedrooms varies widely. While many such units have at least one bedroom—frequently, these units have at least two—some of these units may not have a specific room dedicated for use as a bedroom. (These units may be known by various names, including "studio, efficiency, bedsit", and others.) Sometimes,


title: Bedroom content: a master bedroom is connected to a dedicated bathroom, often called an ensuite. Bedrooms typically have a door for privacy (in some cases lockable from inside) and a window for ventilation. In larger bedrooms, a small desk and chair or an upholstered chair and a chest of drawers may also be used. In Western countries, some large bedrooms, called master bedrooms, may also contain a bathroom. Where space allows bedrooms may also have televisions and / or video players, and in some cases a personal computer. Bedroom A bedroom is a room of a house, mansion, castle, palace, hotel, dormitory,