title: A. T. Laurian National College hierarchical section title: A. T. Laurian National College caption reference description: A. T. Laurian National College caption attribution description: English: A. T. Laurian, Botoșani, Romania This is a photo of a historic monument in județul Botoșani, classified with number BT-II-m-B-01894 content: A. T. Laurian National College is a public day high school in Botoșani, Romania, located at 19 Nicolae Iorga Street.
The school was founded as a gymnasium in 1859. When classes began that September, there were two teachers handling all subjects, twelve pupils, four fir benches, a table, an elm chair and a blackboard. In January 1868, two upper-level grades were added, and in the ensuing years, the school became a center of local cultural activity. Elie Radu was an early alumnus. A new building was inaugurated in 1885, at which point the school was named after August Treboniu Laurian and elevated to a high school. Among the individuals who studied there from the 1880s until the eve of World War I were Nicolae Iorga, Octav Onicescu, Simion Sanielevici, Ion Th. Simionescu, Ludovic Dauș, Constantin Gane and Barbu Lăzăreanu. Later attendees included Victor Tufescu, Alexandru Graur and Lucien Goldmann.
World War I seriously impacted school life; between 1917 and 1922, teaching took place in improvised locations and finally in the former building of another school. The old building was repaired in 1922, and the institution flourished during the interwar period.


title: Bayamón, Puerto Rico section title: Barrios hierarchical section title: Bayamón, Puerto Rico / Geography / Barrios caption reference description: Subdivisions of Bayamón caption attribution description: English: Barrios of Bayamón, Puerto Rico locator map (labeled) content: Bayamón is a municipality of Puerto Rico located in the northern coastal valley, north of Aguas Buenas and Comerío; south of Toa Baja and Cataño; west of Guaynabo; and east of Toa Alta and Naranjito. Bayamón is spread over 11 wards and Bayamón Pueblo. It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area.


title: Havana Hopewell culture section title: Havana Hopewell sites hierarchical section title: Havana Hopewell culture / Havana Hopewell sites caption reference description: Rockwell Mound, a major site at Havana caption attribution description: English: Southern side of the Rockwell Mound, located in a park on the northern side of Franklin Street in Havana, Illinois, United States. As a significant archaeological site, it is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. content: The Havana Hopewell culture were a Hopewellian people who lived in the Illinois River and Mississippi River valleys in Iowa, Illinois, and Missouri from 200 BCE to 400 CE.


title: HMS Conqueror (S48) section title: Falklands War hierarchical section title: HMS Conqueror (S48) / Operational history / Falklands War caption reference description: General Belgrano, sinking caption attribution description: English: The Argentine cruiser ARA General Belgrano lists heavily to port in the Atlantic Ocean, after being attacked by a British submarine during the Falklands Conflict. It later sank. Deutsch: Der argentinische Kreuzer ARA General Belgrano liegt mit schwerer Schlagseite im Atlantischen Ozean nachdem er im Falklandkrieg von einem britischen U-Boot torpediert wurde. Polski: Argentyński krążownik ARA General Belgrano został zatopiony przez brytyjski atomowy okręt podwodny HMS "Conqueror" podczas wojny o Falklandy w 1982 roku. Русский: Аргентинский крейсер "Генерал Бельграно" был потоплен британской атомной подводной лодкой "Завоеватель" во время Фолклендской войны в 1982 году. Фотография сделана одним из спасшихся членов экипажа. content: HMS Conqueror was a British Churchill-class nuclear-powered fleet submarine which served in the Royal Navy from 1971 to 1990. She was the third submarine of her class, following the earlier Churchill and Courageous, that were all designed to face the Soviet threat at sea. She was built by Cammell Laird at Birkenhead.
Conqueror is the only nuclear-powered submarine to have engaged an enemy ship with torpedoes, sinking the cruiser General Belgrano during the 1982 Falklands War.


title: Ora, Israel hierarchical section title: Ora, Israel caption reference description: Ora in 2007 caption attribution description: Ora, Israeli village near Jerusalem caption alt text description: Ora in 2007 content: Ora is a moshav in central Israel. Located southwest of Jerusalem, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Yehuda Regional Council. In 2018 it had a population of 1,337.


title: Natty Nation section title: Recent touring (2014-2020) hierarchical section title: Natty Nation / History / Recent touring (2014-2020) caption reference description: Natty Nation performing live as photographed by M.O.D. Photography. caption attribution description: M.O.D. Photography - Live - Natty Nation content: Natty Nation is an American rock and reggae band from Madison, Wisconsin. Founded in 1995, as of April 20, 2017, the lineup included Demetrius "Jah Boogie" Wainwright, Aaron Konkol AKA Eyes of Moses, Anthony Paul Willis, & Nick Czarnecki. The group has released several studio albums since their 1996 debut The Journey Has Just Begun..., in 2010 Isthmus named their 1998 release Earth Citizen one of the "top 25 Madison pop albums of all time," writing that "Natty Nation's mix of roots reggae and hard rock proved unique and gained a following that remains today," and their 2016 release, Divine Spark debuted at #3 on the Billboard Reggae Chart.
The band has released several live albums on their independent label iNatty Records. They have also toured regularly in the United States, performing at festivals such as SXSW, Summerfest, CMJ Music Marathon, and Freakfest, and also touring throughout the Middle East and Africa in 2008, and Japan and the Marshall Islands in 2009.


title: Gustav III's Pavilion hierarchical section title: Gustav III's Pavilion caption reference description: Gustav III's Pavilion at Haga, in spring 2010 caption attribution description: Svenska: Gustav III:s paviljong i Hagaparken, fasad mot öst content: Gustav III's Pavilion is a royal pavilion at the Haga Park, 2 km north of Stockholm. As a highlight in Swedish art history, the Pavilion is a fine example of the European neoclassicism of the late 18th century in Northern Europe. Beside the Pavilion lie the "Sultan's Copper Tents", buildings designed to resemble big tents.


title: Roberto Baggio section title: 1982–1985: Vicenza hierarchical section title: Roberto Baggio / Club career / 1982–1985: Vicenza caption reference description: Roberto Baggio on his debut with Lanerossi Vicenza caption attribution description: Italiano: Un 17enne Roberto Baggio al L.R. Vicenza nella stagione 1984-85. content: Roberto Baggio is an Italian former professional footballer who mainly played as a second striker, or as an attacking midfielder, although he was capable of playing in several offensive positions. He is the former president of the technical sector of the Italian Football Federation. A technically gifted, creative playmaker, and a set piece specialist, renowned for his curling free-kicks, dribbling skills, and goalscoring, Baggio is regarded as one of the greatest players of all time. In 1999, he came fourth in the FIFA Player of the Century internet poll, and was chosen on the FIFA World Cup Dream Team in 2002. In 1993, he was named FIFA World Player of the Year and won the Ballon d'Or. In 2004, he was named by Pelé in the FIFA 100, a list of the world's greatest living players.
Baggio played for Italy in 56 matches, scoring 27 goals, and is the joint fourth-highest goalscorer for his national team, alongside Alessandro Del Piero. He starred in the Italian team that finished third in the 1990 FIFA World Cup, scoring twice. At the 1994 World Cup, he led Italy to the final, scoring five goals, received the World Cup Silver Ball and was named in the World Cup All-Star Team.


title: Danish cuisine section title: Hot dog vans hierarchical section title: Danish cuisine / Eating out / Street food / Hot dog vans caption reference description: A pølsevogn in the city center of Kolding (Jutland) caption attribution description: Own photograph. Danish hot dog stand (Pølsevogn) in the city-centre of Kolding. content: Danish cuisine originated from the peasant population's own local produce and was enhanced by cooking techniques developed in the late 19th century and the wider availability of goods during and after the Industrial Revolution. Open sandwiches, known as smørrebrød, which in their basic form are the usual fare for lunch, can be considered a national speciality when prepared and decorated with a variety of fine ingredients. Hot meals are typically prepared with meat or fish. Substantial meat and fish dishes includes flæskesteg and kogt torsk with mustard sauce and trimmings. Ground meats became widespread during the industrial revolution and traditional dishes that are still popular includes frikadeller, karbonader and medisterpølse. Denmark is known for its Carlsberg and Tuborg beers and for its akvavit and bitters, but amongst the Danes themselves imported wine has gained steadily in popularity since the 1960s.
Cooking in Denmark has always been inspired by foreign and continental practises and the use of imported tropical spices like cinnamon, cardamom, nutmeg and black pepper can be traced to the Danish cuisine of the Middle Ages and some even to the Vikings.


title: Kobe section title: Education hierarchical section title: Kobe / Education caption reference description: Kobe University main building caption attribution description: 日本語: 神戸大学六甲台本館 English: The main building of Kobe University at Rokkodai, located in Nada-ku, Kobe, Japan. content: Kobe is the seventh-largest city in Japan and the capital city of Hyōgo Prefecture. It is located on the southern side of the main island of Honshū, on the north shore of Osaka Bay and about 30 km west of Osaka. With a population around 1.5 million, the city is part of the Keihanshin metropolitan area along with Osaka and Kyoto.
The earliest written records regarding the region come from the Nihon Shoki, which describes the founding of the Ikuta Shrine by Empress Jingū in AD 201. For most of its history, the area was never a single political entity, even during the Tokugawa period, when the port was controlled directly by the Tokugawa shogunate. Kobe did not exist in its current form until its founding in 1889. Its name comes from Kanbe. Kobe became one of Japan's designated cities in 1956.
Kobe was one of the cities to open for trade with the West following the 1853 end of the policy of seclusion and has since been known as a cosmopolitan and nuclear-free zone port city. While the 1995 Great Hanshin earthquake diminished much of Kobe's prominence as a port city, it remains Japan's fourth-busiest container port.


title: List of Somerset towers section title: Churchill generation hierarchical section title: List of Somerset towers / Churchill generation caption attribution description: English: Compton Bishop Church. Taken by Rod Ward 15th August 2006 content: The Somerset towers, church towers built in the 14th to 16th centuries, have been described as among England's finest contributions to medieval art. The paragraphs and descriptions below describe features of some of these towers. The organization follows Peter Poyntz-Wright's scheme for grouping the towers by what he understands to be roughly the date and group of mason-architects who built them. Poyntz-Wright's scheme came under criticism in the 1980s.


title: Jade Beach and Jade Ocean hierarchical section title: Jade Beach and Jade Ocean caption reference description: Jade Ocean and Jade Beach from the west caption attribution description: English: en:Jade Beach and Jade Ocean in en:Sunny Isles Beach, Florida content: Jade Beach and Jade Ocean are two high-rise residential condominiums located in Sunny Isles Beach, Florida. Finished in 2009, Jade Beach has 52 floors and rises 175 metres, making it the second-tallest building in Sunny Isles Beach and the 18th tallest building in Florida as of early 2015. Jade Ocean has a darker colored, glass facaded, 544.62 feet, 51 story twin tower named Jade Ocean which was completed in 2008. Both buildings were designed by famed architect, Carlos Ott


title: Bill Detrick hierarchical section title: Bill Detrick caption reference description: Detrick from the 1973 Dial caption attribution description: English: University of Buffalo basketball coach Bill Detrick from the 1973 “Dial” yearbook content: William H. Detrick was an American college basketball and golf coach. He was most notable as head men's basketball coach at Central Connecticut State University, where he served for 29 seasons and won a school-record 468 games.
Detrick was a three-sport athlete in baseball, football, and basketball at Central Connecticut, becoming the first student in school history to earn 12 varsity letters. He returned to CCSU in 1959, as head coach where he remained until 1987. After a short stint as head coach at the United States Coast Guard Academy, Detrick went on to become head golf coach at Trinity College in Connecticut, where he remained for 23 years and was a three-time conference coach of the year.
Detrick was an inaugural member of the Central Connecticut athletic Hall of Fame and was the namesake for the school's basketball arena, the William H. Detrick Gymnasium. At Trinity, the school honored Detrick in 2013 be renaming its annual golf tournament the Bill Detrick Invitational.
Detrick died on September 19, 2014 at the age of 87.


title: Fiction House section title: List of Fiction House pulps hierarchical section title: Fiction House / List of Fiction House pulps caption attribution description: English: Cover of Planet Stories, Spring 1944 content: Fiction House was an American publisher of pulp magazines and comic books that existed from the 1920s to the 1950s. It was founded by John B. "Jack" Kelly and John W. Glenister. By the late 1930s, the publisher was Thurman T. Scott. Its comics division was best known for its pinup-style good girl art, as epitomized by the company's most popular character, Sheena, Queen of the Jungle.


title: Warszawa Główna railway station section title: World War II hierarchical section title: Warszawa Główna railway station / World War II caption reference description: Damaged Warsaw Central Station, seen during the German occupation, November 12, 1939 caption attribution description: For documentary purposes the German Federal Archive often retained the original image captions, which may be erroneous, biased, obsolete or politically extreme. Polen, Warschau, 2.11.1939 Blick auf den zerstörten Teil des neuen Hauptbahnhofs Information added by Wikimedia users.English: Warsaw during World War II: Photo taken from Hotel Polonia (corner of al. Jerozolimskie 39 and Poznańska 40) shows on the left details of facade of Rackman townhouse (corner of al. Jerozolimskie 41 and Poznańska 39) and on the right ruins of Dworzec Główny (Main train station). Rackman Townhouse was in 1939 housing Komunalna Kasa Oszczędności (Communal Saving Bank), that is why one can see letters KKO. Polski: Warszawa z czasów okupacji: Zdjęcie zdobione z okien Hotelu Polonia (al. Jerozolimskie 39 róg Poznańska 40) uchwyciło po lewej wieżyczkę Kamienicy Rackmana (al. Jerozolimskie 41 róg Poznańska 39) i po prawej ruiny Dworca Głównego. Kamienica Rackmana w 1939 była siedzibą Komunalnej Kasy Oszczędności, stąd na wieżyczce litery KKO. content: Warsaw Main Railway Station was the name of two different railway stations in Warsaw, Poland, both now defunct.


title: Reichstag of the North German Confederation hierarchical section title: Reichstag of the North German Confederation caption attribution description: English: Berlin, Bundesrat (former Herrenhaus) around 1900 Deutsch: Berlin, Bundesrat (ehemaliges Herrenhaus) um 1900 content: The Reichstag was the Parliament of the North German Confederation, founded after the Austro-Prussian War of 1866. It functioned until the establishment of the German Empire in 1871. Parliamentary sessions were held in the same building as the Upper House of the Prussian Landtag, the Prussian House of Lords, located at 3 Leipziger Straße in Berlin, Germany. The same location is now the home of the German Federal Bundesrat.


title: List of Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments in South Los Angeles section title: Current and former Historic-Cultural Monuments hierarchical section title: List of Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments in South Los Angeles / Current and former Historic-Cultural Monuments caption attribution description: English: Fitzgerald House 3115 W. Adams Blvd., West Adams, Los Angeles, California (HCM #258) content: This is a list of Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments in South Los Angeles, California. In total, there are over 144 Historic-Cultural Monuments in the South Los Angeles region, which includes the historic West Adams, Exposition Park, and University of Southern California campus areas. It also includes historic sites in Watts, Baldwin Hills, Crenshaw, Jefferson Park, and Leimert Park. Further, certain historic sites in Arlington Heights, Harvard Heights and Mid-City neighborhoods below Washington Boulevard are identified by the Los Angeles Department of City Planning as being in South Los Angeles, and are included here. They are designated by the City's Cultural Heritage Commission. There is also a separate list below identifying other historic sites in the area that have not been designated as HCMs, but which have been recognized as California Historical Landmarks or have been listed on the National Register of Historic Places.


title: Ellen Foley hierarchical section title: Ellen Foley caption reference description: Ellen Foley in 2014 caption attribution description: English: Ellen Foley in Antwerp caption alt text description: Ellen Foley in 2014 content: Ellen Foley is an American singer and actress who has appeared on Broadway and television, where she co-starred in the sitcom Night Court. In music, she has released four solo albums but is best known for her collaborations with rock singer Meat Loaf.


title: Claus Schall hierarchical section title: Claus Schall caption reference description: Claus Schall caption attribution description: English: Claus Schall (1757–1835), was a Danish composer Dansk: Silhuet af Claus Nielsen Schall content: Claus Nielsen Schall was a Danish violinist and composer.


title: Church of the Gesù section title: Gallery hierarchical section title: Church of the Gesù / Gallery caption attribution description: Venerated Madonna della Strada, after restoration content: The Church of the Gesù is the mother church of the Society of Jesus, a Catholic religious order. Officially named Chiesa del Santissimo Nome di Gesù all'Argentina, its facade is "the first truly baroque façade", introducing the baroque style into architecture. The church served as model for innumerable Jesuit churches all over the world, especially in the Americas. Its paintings in the nave, crossing, and side chapels became models for Jesuit churches throughout Italy and Europe, as well as those of other orders. The Church of the Gesù is located in the Piazza del Gesù in Rome.
First conceived in 1551 by Saint Ignatius of Loyola, the founder of the Jesuits Society of Jesus, and active during the Protestant Reformation and the subsequent Catholic Counter-Reformation, the Gesù was also the home of the Superior General of the Society of Jesus until the suppression of the order in 1773. The church having been subsequently regained by the Jesuits, the adjacent palazzo is now a residence for Jesuit scholars from around the world studying at the Gregorian University in preparation for ordination to the priesthood.


title: List of Cincinnati Bengals starting quarterbacks section title: Starting quarterbacks hierarchical section title: List of Cincinnati Bengals starting quarterbacks / Starting quarterbacks caption reference description: Boomer Esiason (1984–1992, 1997) caption attribution description: The NFL Today's Boomer Esiason during the Super Bowl XLI pre-game show in Miami, Fla. VIRIN: 070204-F-7251M-906 content: These quarterbacks have started at least one game for the Cincinnati Bengals of the National Football League. They are listed in order of the date of each player's first start at quarterback for the Bengals.


title: Croatian Partisans section title: The Beginning of the Uprising hierarchical section title: Croatian Partisans / History / The Beginning of the Uprising caption reference description: Partisan poster; "All in the fight for a free Croatia!" caption attribution description: English: Propaganda poster of Croatian Partisans, WW2 content: The Croatian Partisans, officially the National Liberation Movement in Croatia, were part of the anti-fascist National Liberational Movement in the Axis-occupied Yugoslavia which was the most effective anti-Nazi resistance movement led by Yugoslav revolutionary communists during the Second World War. NOP was under the leadership of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia and supported by many others, with Croatian Peasant Party members contributing to it significantly. NOP units were able to temporarily or permanently liberate large parts of Croatia from occupying forces. Based on the NOP, the Federal Republic of Croatia, which was referred to by Winston Churchill as "the Croatian miracle" was founded as a constituent of the Democratic Federal Yugoslavia.


title: Knight of the Golden Spur (Hungary) hierarchical section title: Knight of the Golden Spur (Hungary) caption reference description: Badge of the knights of golden spur caption attribution description: Magyar: Az aranysarkantyús vitézek jelvénye tokjában, dr. felsôvízközi Szepesházy Bertalan tartalékos tüzér fôhadnagy hagyatékából (magántulajdon, fotó: Szikits Péter) English: The knight of golden spur badge of Bertalan Szepesházy content: Knights of the Golden Spur were persons knighted during the ceremony of Hungarian kings' coronations. It was not a regular knightly order, its membership did not result in any special privileges or duties. The knightly title was not hereditary, it was given only for a personal use. However, the knights were authorized, to wear real golden spurs, attached to their boots at the ceremony, and they also wore a small golden spur on their hats.


title: Marichen Altenburg hierarchical section title: Marichen Altenburg caption reference description: A silhouette of the Altenburg/Paus family, shortly after the Napoleonic Wars. To the right Christine and Marichen Altenburg; in the centre parents Hedevig Christine née Paus and Johan Andreas Altenburg, to the left, Miss Bomhoff and nephew Henrik Johan Paus, Altenburg's cousin, as well as the half brother of Knud Ibsen, and who grew up with his uncle and aunt caption attribution description: English: The Altenburg/Paus family who lived in the Altenburg house (Altenburggården) in Skien around 1820; Henrik Ibsen's mother and her family. From left to right: Marichen (Mariken) Bomhoff (born 1806; she was a daughter of Johan Andreas Altenburg's half-brother Bertel E. Bomhoff (1768–1844) and a cousin of Marichen Altenburg; both were named for their paternal grandmother Marichen Barth; Marichen Bomhoff lived with the Altenburg family) Henrik Johan Paus (1799–1893; father's (Knud Ibsen's) half brother and mother's (Marichen Altenburg's) first cousin who lived with the Altenburg family since he was five years old) Hedevig Paus, Mrs. Altenburg (1863–1848; Henrik Ibsen's maternal grandmother and sister of Knud Ibsen's step-father Ole Paus) Johan Andreas Altenburg (merchant; 1763–1824; grandfather) Christine Altenburg (later Mrs. Stenersen; 1798–1882; aunt) Marichen Altenburg (later Mrs. Ibsen; 1799–1869; Henrik Ibsen's mother) content: Marichen Cornelia Martine Altenburg was the mother of playwright Henrik Ibsen and belonged to the patriciate of Skien. She is considered the model for the character Åse in Peer Gynt and Inga of Varteig in The Pretenders, and indeed, she would "echo through her son's work in unremitting portrayals of suffering women." Henrik Ibsen himself confirmed that Åse in Peer Gynt was based on his mother.


title: Butrint hierarchical section title: Butrint caption reference description: Theatre of Buthrotum caption attribution description: Butrint theatre at archeological site in Albania, near the Albanian city Saranda; Not an Amphitheatre! content: Butrint was an ancient Greek and later Roman city and bishopric in Epirus. The city is considered as one of the most important archaeological sites in Albania. With its vast cultural, historical and natural value with a considerable history, Butrint became part of UNESCO World Heritage site in 1992. It became a National Park in 2000.
Buthrotum was a city of the Epirote tribe of the Chaonians. It started declining in Late Antiquity. It later became abandoned during the Middle Ages after a major earthquake flooded most of the city.
It is now an archeological site in Vlorë County, Albania. It is about 14 kilometres south of Sarandë and close to the Greek border. It is located on a hill overlooking the Vivari Channel, and is part of the Butrint National Park.


title: Von Luschan's chromatic scale hierarchical section title: Von Luschan's chromatic scale caption reference description: Map of human skin color distribution for native populations, by R. Biasutti in the von Luschan's chromatic scale for classifying skin color. It was reported that for areas with no data Biasutti simply filled in the map by extrapolation from findings obtained in other areas.[1] caption attribution description: English: Human skin color distribution map, which is not precise as the author R. Biasutti simply filled unresearched areas according to findings obtained in other nearby areas.[1] content: Von Luschan's chromatic scale is a method of classifying skin color. It is also called the von Luschan scale or von Luschan's scale. It is named after its inventor, Felix von Luschan. The equipment consists of 36 opaque glass tiles which were compared to the subject's skin, ideally in a place which would not be exposed to the sun. The von Luschan scale was used to establish racial classifications of populations according to skin color; in this respect it is in contrast to the Fitzpatrick scale intended for the classification of the skin type of individuals introduced in 1975 by Harvard dermatologist Thomas B. Fitzpatrick to describe sun tanning behavior.
The von Luschan scale was used extensively throughout the first half of the 20th century in race studies and anthropometry. However, the results were inconsistent: in many instances, different investigators would give different readings of the same person. The von Luschan scale was largely abandoned by the early 1950s, replaced with methods utilizing reflectance spectrophotometry.
The following table shows the 36 categories of the von Luschan scale in relation to the six categories of the Fitzpatrick scale:


title: New Brunswick section title: Primary sector hierarchical section title: New Brunswick / Economy / Primary sector caption reference description: A New Brunswick paper mill owned by J. D. Irving caption attribution description: English: The J. D. Irving paper mill in Saint John. Français : L'usine de fr:pâte à papier de J. D. Irving à Saint-Jean au Nouveau-Brunswick. content: New Brunswick is one of four Atlantic provinces on the east coast of Canada. According to the Constitution of Canada, New Brunswick is the only bilingual province. About two-thirds of the population declare themselves anglophones and one-third francophones. One-third of the population describes themselves as bilingual. Atypically for Canada, only about half of the population lives in urban areas, mostly in Greater Moncton, Greater Saint John and the capital Fredericton.
Unlike the other Maritime provinces, New Brunswick's terrain is mostly forested uplands and much of the land is further from the coast, giving it a harsher climate. New Brunswick is 83% forested and less densely populated than the rest of the Maritimes.
Being relatively close to Europe, New Brunswick was among the first places in North America to be explored and settled by Europeans. In 1784, after an influx of refugees from the American Revolutionary War settled in the area, the province was founded on territory from the partition of Nova Scotia. In 1785 Saint John became the first incorporated city in what is now Canada.


title: Prince Lestat and the Realms of Atlantis hierarchical section title: Prince Lestat and the Realms of Atlantis caption reference description: First edition cover caption attribution description: English: Cover of Prince Lestat and the Realms of Atlantis (2016) by Anne Rice. content: Prince Lestat and the Realms of Atlantis is a horror novel by American writer Anne Rice, the twelfth in The Vampire Chronicles series, published on November 29, 2016. It is written as both a first-person and third-person narrative.


title: Guangzhou Metro section title: Construction of Line 1 hierarchical section title: Guangzhou Metro / History / Construction of Line 1 caption reference description: The design of the Guangzhou Metro that was chosen in 1988 content: The Guangzhou Metro is the metro system of Guangzhou, Guangdong in China. It is operated by the Guangzhou Metro Corporation. It was the fourth metro system that was built in mainland China. The Guangzhou Metro was planned many times. The planning of the metro began in the 1980s and in 1993 the construction of the first line began. In 1997 the metro opened. The first line was Line 1.
The metro system has 13 lines. They are Line 1, Line 2, Line 3, Line 4, Line 5, Line 6, Line 7, Line 8, Line 9, Line 13, Line 14, Guangfo Line, and the Zhujiang New Town APM. All of these lines connect the urban core and the suburbs. The Guangfo Line connects Guangzhou and Foshan. Over seven million people ride the metro everyday and it was used 2.56 billion times. This makes the metro the fourth busiest metro in the world.


title: Voždovac hierarchical section title: Voždovac caption attribution description: English: Vozdovac coat of arms caption alt text description: Coat of arms of Voždovac content: Voždovac is one of 17 municipalities that make up the City of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia.
The neighborhood of Voždovac is 4–5 km south of downtown Belgrade. The name Voždovac come from the word vožd which means leader.
Due to its shape, it borders more municipalities than any other: Vračar on the north, Zvezdara on the north-east, Grocka on the east, Sopot on the south, Barajevo on the south-west, Čukarica and Rakovica on the west and Savski Venac on the north-west.


title: Battle of North Point hierarchical section title: Battle of North Point caption attribution description: English: lithograph reproduction based on the 1814/15 painting of the battle of North Point, by militia man Thomas Ruckle. content: The Battle of North Point was fought on September 12, 1814, between General John Stricker's Maryland Militia and a British force led by Major General Robert Ross. Although the Americans retreated, they were able to do so in good order having inflicted significant casualties on the British, killing one of the commanders of the invading force, significantly demoralizing the troops under his command and leaving some of his units lost among woods and swampy creeks, with others in confusion. This combination prompted British colonel Arthur Brooke to delay his advance against Baltimore, buying valuable time to properly prepare for the defense of the city as Stricker retreated back to the main defenses to bolster the existing force. The engagement was a part of the larger Battle of Baltimore, an American victory in the War of 1812.


title: Index of Washington, D.C.–related articles hierarchical section title: Index of Washington, D.C.–related articles caption reference description: The location of the District of Columbia in the United States of America content: The following is a list of articles related to the District of Columbia, commonly known as Washington, D.C.


title: Jos section title: Notable locals hierarchical section title: Jos / Notable locals caption reference description: Three men dressed as evil spirits caption attribution description: English: The Jos Ceremony. Three impatient dodos (dodan(n)i, men dressed as evil spirits) wait until they can perform, a drummer with three high drums and a wide drum. Drum with inscription ("..Chief.."). "..oko division", football club. Texts on the red skirt of the middle dodo. Nederlands: De Jos Ceremony. Drie ongeduldige dodo’s (dodan(n)i, mannen verkleed als boze geesten) wachten tot ze kunnen optreden, een trommelaar met drie hoge trommen en een brede trom. Trom met opschrift ("..Chief.."). "..oko division", voetbalclub. Tekst op de rode rok van de middelste dodo. content: Jos is a city in the Middle Belt of Nigeria. The city has a population of about 900,000 residents based on the 2006 census. Popularly called "J-Town", it is the administrative capital and largest city of Plateau State.
The city is located on the Jos Plateau at about 1,238 metres or 4,062 feet above sea level. During British colonial rule, Jos was an important centre for tin mining and is the trading hub of the state as commercial activities are steadily increasing.


title: Sam Peckinpah hierarchical section title: Sam Peckinpah caption reference description: Peckinpah on the set of The Wild Bunch in 1968 caption attribution description: Director Sam Peckinpah. content: David Samuel Peckinpah was an American film director and screenwriter who achieved prominence following the release of the Western epic The Wild Bunch. He was known for the visually innovative and explicit depiction of action and violence as well as his revisionist approach to the Western genre.
Peckinpah's films generally deal with the conflict between values and ideals, as well as the corruption and violence in human society. His characters are often loners or losers who desire to be honorable, but are forced to compromise in order to survive in a world of nihilism and brutality. He was given the nickname "Bloody Sam" owing to the violence in his films.
Peckinpah's combative personality, marked by years of alcohol and drug abuse, affected his professional legacy. Many of his films were noted for behind-the-scenes battles with producers and crew members, damaging his reputation and career during his lifetime. Some of his films, including Major Dundee, Straw Dogs, The Getaway, Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid, Bring Me the Head of Alfredo Garcia and Cross of Iron, remain controversial.


title: Hugh Allen (conductor) hierarchical section title: Hugh Allen (conductor) caption reference description: Sir Hugh Allen (centre) in about 1932 with fellow musicians Walford Davies (left) and Cyril Rootham (right) caption attribution description: English: A meeting of musicians: Sir Henry Walford Davies (left), Sir Hugh Percy Allen (centre) and Cyril Bradley Roothem (right). caption alt text description: three musicians Walford Davies (left), Hugh Allen (centre) and Cyril Rootham (right) content: Sir Hugh Percy Allen GCVO was an English musician, academic, and administrator. He was a leading influence on British musical life in the first half of the 20th century.


title: Kylie and Garibay (EP) section title: Composition hierarchical section title: Kylie and Garibay (EP) / Composition caption reference description: Sam Sparro (pictured in 2012) provides vocals on "If I Can't Have You". caption attribution description: Sam Sparro content: Kylie and Garibay is the eponymous second extended play (EP) by American musical duo Kylie and Garibay. It was released on 11 September 2015 by Parlophone and Warner Bros. Records and served as a sequel to Kylie and Garibay's first collaboration, Sleepwalker. Produced by American producer Fernando Garibay and Italian disc jockey Giorgio Moroder, the three-track EP was developed between February and August 2015, shortly after Kylie Minogue's departure from Parlophone and American-based management Roc Nation. Musically, it is influenced by electronica, ambient house, and, after Minogue's departure, reggae and dancehall. Its lyrical content completes a story arc that began in their previous EP, going from loss to recovery.
Released with no prior announcement, Kylie and Garibay received positive reviews from most music critics. The majority of the reviews highlighted Minogue's return to mainstream dance music and complimented the production by Garibay and Moroder. The EP's lead track, "Black and White", received an accompanying music video directed by long-time friend and collaborator Katerina Jebb.


title: Streetcars in North America section title: Surviving first-generation streetcar systems hierarchical section title: Streetcars in North America / Surviving first-generation streetcar systems caption reference description: New Orleans operates the oldest operating street railway system in the world, a system that dates back to 1835. caption attribution description: English: New Orleans, LA, December 20, 2005 - The trolly cars in New Orleans are again in operation after Hurricane Katrina. New Orleans is re-opening as businesses open, residents return and commerce reappears. Robert Kaufmann/FEMA Despite the St. Charles route sign, these cars are operating on the Canal line. The St. Charles line was not yet back in operation on this date. content: Streetcars or trolleys were once the chief mode of public transit in hundreds of North American cities and towns. Most of the original urban streetcar systems were either dismantled in the mid-20th century or converted to other modes of operation, such as light rail. Today, only Toronto still operates a streetcar network essentially unchanged in layout and mode of operation.
Older surviving lines and systems in Boston, Cleveland, Mexico City, Newark, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, and San Francisco were often infrastructure-heavy systems with tunnels, dedicated right-of-way, and long travel distances, or have largely rebuilt their streetcar systems as light rail systems. About 22 North American cities, starting with Edmonton, Calgary and San Diego, have installed new light rail systems, some of which run along historic streetcar corridors. A few recent cases feature mixed-traffic street-running operation like a streetcar. Portland, Oregon, Seattle, and Salt Lake City have built both modern light rail and modern streetcar systems, while Tucson and Atlanta have built new modern streetcar lines.


title: Hamilton Zoo section title: History hierarchical section title: Hamilton Zoo / History caption reference description: Kunekune pigs at Hamilton Zoo. caption attribution description: Kunekune Pig at at the content: Hamilton Zoo is the main zoological garden of Hamilton, New Zealand. Covering 25 hectares, it is situated on Brymer Road in the Hamilton suburb of Rotokauri, on the outskirts of the metropolitan area towards the northwest. It is owned by the Hamilton City Council with the Department of Recreation and Welfare handling the day-to-day running of the site.
Hamilton Zoo is the first zoo in New Zealand to become fully accredited by the Zoo and Aquarium Association.


title: University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology section title: Mexico and Central America hierarchical section title: University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology / Collections / Mexico and Central America caption reference description: Coclé gold plaque or pectoral from Sitio Conte, Panama caption attribution description: Español: Penn University Museum. Tesoro de Sitio Conte (Panamá). content: The University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology—commonly called the Penn Museum—is an archaeology and anthropology museum that is part of the University of Pennsylvania. It is located on Penn's campus in the University City neighborhood of Philadelphia, at the intersection of 33rd and South Streets.


title: 784th Bombardment Squadron hierarchical section title: 784th Bombardment Squadron caption reference description: Squadron B-24 Liberator[note 1] caption attribution description: English: B-24J-180-CO Liberator Serial 44-40807 of the 784th Bomb Squadron, 466th Bomb Group, based at RAF Attlebridge, England. content: The 784th Bombardment Squadron is the most distinguished predecessor of the 784th Tactical Air Support Training Squadron. It was organized in August 1943 as a heavy bomber unit. After training in the United States with Consolidated B-24 Liberators, the 784th moved to England, where it participated in the strategic bombing campaign against Germany. Following V-E Day, it returned to the United States, where it began training with Boeing B-29 Superfortresses, but was inactivated in October 1945.
The unit's second predecessor is the 784th Tactical Fighter Squadron, which was briefly active at George Air Force Base, California in 1964. The two squadrons were consolidated in September 1985, but the consolidated unit has not been active.


title: AEK Athens F.C. section title: Shirt sponsors and manufacturers hierarchical section title: AEK Athens F.C. / Shirt sponsors and manufacturers caption reference description: AEK's shirt history caption attribution description: English: Draw of AEK shirt history content: AEK Football Club, also known in European competitions as AEK Athens FC, is a Greek professional football club based in Nea Filadelfeia, a suburb of Athens, Greece.
Established in Athens in 1924 by Greek refugees from Constantinople in the wake of the Greco-Turkish War, AEK has become one of the three most popular clubs
in Greece and the Greek diaspora and one of the three most successful teams in Greek football, winning 32 national titles and the only one
to have won all the competitions organised by the Hellenic Football Federation


title: Tarnawa Niżna hierarchical section title: Tarnawa Niżna caption reference description: Church in Tarnawa Niżna caption attribution description: English: Church in Tarnawa Niżna Polski: Kościół w miejscowości Tarnawa Niżna caption alt text description: Church in Tarnawa Niżna content: Tarnawa Niżna is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lutowiska, within Bieszczady County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland, close to the border with Ukraine. It lies approximately 16 kilometres south-east of Lutowiska, 37 km south-east of Ustrzyki Dolne, and 116 km south-east of the regional capital Rzeszów.
The village has a population of 40.


title: Mikey Way hierarchical section title: Mikey Way caption reference description: Way performing in 2012 on his signature Fender Mustang Bass caption attribution description: Big Day Out Festival 2012. Do Not Publish. content: Michael James Way is an American musician. He is the bass guitarist for the rock band My Chemical Romance. Way is the younger brother of the band's singer Gerard Way. He is from Belleville, New Jersey. Way grew up with his brother Gerard and their parents Donald and Donna Way.


title: Sun Moon Lake section title: History hierarchical section title: Sun Moon Lake / History caption reference description: Map including Sun Moon Lake (labeled as Jih-yüeh T’an (Jitsugetsu-tan) 日月潭) (1951) caption attribution description: English: Hualien County (Hua-lien), Tawian AMS Topographic Maps content: Sun Moon Lake is a lake in Yuchi Township, Nantou County, Taiwan. It is the largest body of water in Taiwan. The area around the lake is home to the Thao tribe, one of aboriginal tribes of Taiwan. Sun Moon Lake surrounds a tiny island called Lalu. The east side of the lake resembles a sun while the west side resembles a moon, hence the name.
Sun Moon Lake is located 748 m above sea level. It is 27 m deep and has a surface area of approximately 7.93 km². The area surrounding the lake has many trails for hiking.
While swimming in Sun Moon Lake is usually not permitted, there is an annual 3-km race called the Swimming Carnival of Sun Moon Lake held around the Mid-Autumn Festival each year. The Sun Moon Lake Swimming Carnival was launched in 1983 and is listed among Top 50 Open Water Swims in Asia and Top 100 Open Water Swims of the World. Everyone over 10 years old and with ability to swim long distances can join, regardless of nationality. In recent years the participants have numbered in the tens of thousands. Other festivities held at the same time include fireworks, laser shows, and concerts.


title: Sea World station hierarchical section title: Sea World station caption attribution description: 中文（简体）: 深圳地铁蛇口线海上世界站站台。列车开往赤湾站方向。 English: Sea World Station of Shekou Line, Shenzhen Metro.The train was leaving for Chiwan Station. content: Sea World station is a Metro station on Line 2 of the Shenzhen Metro. It opened on 28 December 2010. It is located close to the eastern edge of Shekou in Nanshan district of Shenzhen.
The underground station is located adjacent to Sea World, a tourist attraction with numerous restaurants and a large ship Minghua. It is also located close to a number of offices and banks, the sea walk at Sea World promenade, and Times plaza, one of the oldest high rise office buildings in Shekou.


title: Erasmus section title: Free will hierarchical section title: Erasmus / Beginnings of Protestantism / Free will caption reference description: Erasmus by Holbein. Louvre, Paris. content: Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus was a Dutch philosopher and Christian scholar who is widely considered to have been one of the greatest scholars of the northern Renaissance. As a Catholic priest, Erasmus was an important figure in classical scholarship who wrote in a pure Latin style. Among humanists he enjoyed the sobriquet "Prince of the Humanists", and has been called "the crowning glory of the Christian humanists". Using humanist techniques for working on texts, he prepared important new Latin and Greek editions of the New Testament, which raised questions that would be influential in the Protestant Reformation and Catholic Counter-Reformation. He also wrote On Free Will, In Praise of Folly, Handbook of a Christian Knight, On Civility in Children, Copia: Foundations of the Abundant Style, Julius Exclusus, and many other works.
Erasmus lived against the backdrop of the growing European religious Reformation.


title: Abengourou Department section title: History hierarchical section title: Abengourou Department / History caption reference description: Abengourou Department upon its creation in 1969. It kept these boundaries until 1995, but other departments began to be divided in 1974. caption attribution description: English: Locator map for Abengourou Department in Côte d'Ivoire when the 24 new departments were created in 1969. Abengourou Department kept these boundaries until 1995, but other departments began to be divided in 1974. content: Abengourou Department is a department of Indénié-Djuablin Region in Comoé District, Ivory Coast. In 2014, its population was 336,148 and its seat is the settlement of Abengourou. The sub-prefectures of the department are Abengourou, Amélékia, Aniassué, Ebilassokro, Niablé, Yakassé-Féyassé, and Zaranou.


title: Redemptoris custos hierarchical section title: Redemptoris custos caption reference description: Sagrada Familia del pajarito, by Murillo caption attribution description: Español: La obra representa a los tres miembros de la Sagrada Familia cristiana. content: Redemptoris Custos is the title of an apostolic exhortation by Pope John Paul II on Saint Joseph. It was delivered on August 15, 1989 in Saint Peter's Basilica in Rome on the occasion of the centenary of Pope Leo XIII's encyclical Quamquam pluries.
Noted Josephologist Father Tarcisio Giuseppe Stramare of the Congregation of Oblates of Saint Joseph, was a main collaborator in the preparation of Redemptoris Custos. This exhortation is part of the "redemption documents" issued by Pope John Paul II, and refers to the Marian encyclical Redemptoris Mater. It discusses the importance of Saint Joseph in the Holy Family, and presents the pope's view of Saint Joseph's role in the plan of redemption. John Paul II positions Saint Joseph as breaking the old vice of paternal familial domination, and suggests him as the model of a loving father.
The exhortation has six main parts:
I. The Gospel Portrait
II The guardian of the mystery of God
III. A just man, a husband
IV. Work as an expression of love
V. The primacy of the interior life
VI. Patron of the Church in our day
In this document, John Paul II reemphasized key elements of Quamquam Pluries regarding the position of St.


title: Philippine Revolution section title: The Battle of Kakarong de Sili hierarchical section title: Philippine Revolution / Course of the Revolution / Second Phase of the revolution / The Battle of Kakarong de Sili caption reference description: Facade caption attribution description: English: Pandi, Bulacan[1][2] content: The Philippine Revolution, called the Tagalog War by the Spanish, was a revolution and subsequent conflict fought between the people and insurgents of the Philippines and the Spanish colonial authorities of the Spanish East Indies, under the Spanish Empire.
The Philippine Revolution began in August 1896, when the Spanish authorities discovered the Katipunan, an anti-colonial secret organization. The Katipunan, led by Andrés Bonifacio, began to influence much of the Philippines. During a mass gathering in Caloocan, the leaders of the Katipunan organized themselves into a revolutionary government, named the newly established government "Haring Bayang Katagalugan", and openly declared a nationwide armed revolution. Bonifacio called for an attack on the capital city of Manila. This attack failed; however, the surrounding provinces began to revolt. In particular, rebels in Cavite led by Mariano Álvarez and Emilio Aguinaldo won early major victories. A power struggle among the revolutionaries led to Bonifacio's death in 1897, with command shifting to Aguinaldo, who led the newly formed revolutionary government.


title: List of mammals of North Macedonia section title: Order: Rodentia (rodents) hierarchical section title: List of mammals of North Macedonia / Subclass: Theria / Infraclass: Eutheria / Order: Rodentia (rodents) caption reference description: Red squirrel caption attribution description: Sciurus vulgaris English: Red Squirrel Polski: Wiewiórka pospolita content: This list shows the IUCN Red List status of the 56 mammal species occurring in North Macedonia. Nine are vulnerable and three are near threatened.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' status as assessed on the respective IUCN Red List published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:
Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:


title: Shooting at the 2008 Summer Olympics section title: New records hierarchical section title: Shooting at the 2008 Summer Olympics / New records caption reference description: Vincent Hancock in the finals for men's skeet, in which he earned the gold medal and set records both in the qualifying and finals. caption attribution description: U.S. Army Pfc. Vincent Hancock sets two Olympic records and prevails in a four-shot shoot-off with Norway's Tore Brovold to win the men's skeet competition during the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing, China. content: Shooting competitions at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing were held from August 9 to August 17, at the Beijing Shooting Range Hall and Beijing Shooting Range Clay Target Field. Of the fifteen events, the host country won five.
Highlights included:
Two rifle shooters, Czech Kateřina Kůrková and American Matthew Emmons, who met at the 2004 Olympics, married in 2007 and returned to the 2008 Games to win a gold and two silver medals between them.
Kateřina Emmons equalled the world record with a perfect 400 in the women's air rifle competition.
Matthew lost a large lead in the very last shot of the men's three positions - just as he had in Athens four years earlier.
Abhinav Bindra won India's first ever individual Olympic gold.
Russian Natalia Paderina and Georgian Nino Salukvadze, whose countries were at war, won silver and bronze respectively in the 10m Air Pistol. They shared hugged and shook hands on the podium, which was seen as peaceful gesture.
The eighth appearance at the Olympics for Latvian Afanasijs Kuzmins
The seventh Olympic appearance for Slovenian Rajmond Debevec, making him only the fifth shooter to have ever competed in at least seven Olympic Games.


title: The Dartmouth Review hierarchical section title: The Dartmouth Review caption reference description: Cover of The Dartmouth Review caption attribution description: English: A Cover image of The Dartmouth Review content: The Dartmouth Review is a conservative newspaper at Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire. Founded in 1980 by a number of staffers from the College's daily newspaper, The Dartmouth, it quickly rose to national prominence for the provocative political positions it adopted. The paper is most famous for having spawned other politically conservative U.S. college newspapers that would come to include the Yale Free Press, The Stanford Review, the Harvard Salient, The California Review, the Princeton Tory, and the Cornell Review.
Past staffers have gone on to occupy positions in the Reagan and Bush administrations, write for a number of publications, and author political books. Some of the most famous include Pulitzer Prize-winner Joseph Rago of The Wall Street Journal, The New Criterion's James Panero, author Dinesh D’Souza, talk-show host Laura Ingraham, The Wall Street Journal's Hugo Restall, and Hoover Institute research fellow Peter Robinson. Author, columnist, and former Nixon and Reagan speechwriter, Jeffrey Hart, was also instrumental in The Review's founding and is a long-time board member and advisor.


title: Pasir Panjang hierarchical section title: Pasir Panjang caption reference description: Pasir Panjang Village, along Pasir Panjang Road caption attribution description: English: Shops at Pasir Panjang Village along Pasir Panjang Road, Singapore. caption alt text description: Pasir Panjang Village, along Pasir Panjang Road content: Pasir Panjang is an area located at the southern part of Queenstown in Singapore. Kent Ridge Park is a topographical feature which runs adjacent to Pasir Panjang.


title: Jale İnan hierarchical section title: Jale İnan caption reference description: Bust of Jale İnan at a public park in Kuşadası, Turkey caption attribution description: Deutsch: Büste der türkischen Archäologin Jale Inan in einem öffentlichen Stadtpark in Kuşadası, TürkeiEnglish: bust of Jale Inan, situated in a public park in Kuşadası, Turkey (crop) content: Jale İnan was a Turkish archaeologist, and she is considered to be the first Turkish woman to have been active in the discipline. She led excavations in Perga and Side which resulted in the expansion of the Antalya Museum. Her restoration work on the Temple of Apollo in Side was noted for its significance to Turkish heritage. Her scientific work on the "Weary Hercules" statue in the collections of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston formed the legal basis for return of the bust of the statue to the Antalya Museum to be reunited with the statue's base. The Antalya Women's Museum has an annual award named in her honour which recognizes the woman of the year.


title: Muslim world section title: Colonialism hierarchical section title: Muslim world / History / Great Divergence / Colonialism caption attribution description: Español: Ataque de Sidi-Muza por los riffeños No escarmentados los riffeños y confiados en su número, decidieron tomar la ofensiva y recobrar las posiciones que tan bravamente le tomara el ejército español. Atacáronlo a la vez en varias posiciones, siendo una de las que pusieron más empeño en recobrar la altura de Sidi-Muza en que estableció parte de su campo el bravo general Imaz. Con tanto furor dieron el ataque y tan llenos de fiereza estaban poseídos, que llegaron hasta la misma alambrada que cerraba el campo español. Recibiéronlos los nuestros a pecho descubierto, y tras de porfiada lucha de todo un día, pusiéronlos en desconcertada fuga con un brillante ataque a la bayoneta, después de haberlos diezmado a metrallazos. content: The terms Muslim world and Islamic world commonly refer to the Islamic community, consisting of all those who adhere to the religion of Islam, or to societies where Islam is practiced. In a modern geopolitical sense, these terms refer to countries where Islam is widespread, although there are no agreed criteria for inclusion. The term Muslim-majority countries is an alternative often used for the latter sense.
The history of the Muslim world spans about 1,400 years and includes a variety of socio-political developments, as well as advances in the arts, science, philosophy, and technology, particularly during the Islamic Golden Age. All Muslims look for guidance to the Quran and believe in the prophetic mission of Muhammad, but disagreements on other matters have led to the appearance of different religious schools of thought and sects within Islam. In the modern era, most of the Muslim world came under European colonial domination. The nation states that emerged in the post-colonial era have adopted a variety of political and economic models, and they have been affected by secular and as well as religious trends.


title: Scandinavian Scotland section title: Western coast hierarchical section title: Scandinavian Scotland / Subdivisions / Western coast caption reference description: The Port an Eilean Mhòir ship burial site in Ardnamurchan, with the Small Isles and Skye in the distance caption attribution description: English: Photograph of the Ardnamurchan Viking boat grave site, near Ockle in Scotland, taken by Jon Haylett. content: Scandinavian Scotland refers to the period from the 8th to the 15th centuries during which Vikings and Norse settlers, mainly Norwegians and to a lesser extent other Scandinavians, and their descendants colonised parts of what is now the periphery of modern Scotland. Viking influence in the area commenced in the late 8th century, and hostility between the Scandinavian Earls of Orkney and the emerging thalassocracy of the Kingdom of the Isles, the rulers of Ireland, Dál Riata and Alba, and intervention by the crown of Norway were recurring themes.
Scandinavian-held territories included the Northern Isles of Orkney and Shetland, the Hebrides, the islands of the Firth of Clyde and associated mainland territories including Caithness and Sutherland. The historical record from Scottish sources is weak, with the Irish annals and the later Norse sagas, of which the Orkneyinga Saga is the principal source of information, sometimes contradictory although modern archaeology is beginning to provide a broader picture of life during this period.


title: Sussex section title: Education hierarchical section title: Sussex / Education caption reference description: University of Sussex Campus caption attribution description: English: Sussex University Campus content: Sussex, from the Old English Sūþsēaxe, is a historic county in South East England corresponding roughly in area to the ancient Kingdom of Sussex. It is bounded to the west by Hampshire, north by Surrey, northeast by Kent, south by the English Channel, and divided for many purposes into the ceremonial counties of West Sussex and East Sussex. Brighton and Hove, though part of East Sussex, was made a unitary authority in 1997, and as such, is administered independently of the rest of East Sussex. Brighton and Hove was granted City status in 2000. Until then, Chichester was Sussex's only city.
Sussex has three main geographic sub-regions, each oriented approximately east to west. In the southwest is the fertile and densely populated coastal plain. North of this are the rolling chalk hills of the South Downs, beyond which is the well-wooded Sussex Weald.
The name derives from the Kingdom of Sussex, which was founded, according to legend, by Ælle of Sussex in AD 477. Around 827, it was absorbed into the kingdom of Wessex and subsequently into the kingdom of England. It was the home of some of Europe's earliest known humans, whose remains have been found at Boxgrove.


title: Invasion of Kagera section title: Background hierarchical section title: Invasion of Kagera / Background caption reference description: Idi Amin (pictured) became the President of Uganda following a 1971 coup. caption attribution description: English: Amin in military fatigues, April 1977 English: Cropped portrait of Idi Ain content: In October 1978 Uganda invaded the Kagera Salient in northern Tanzania, initiating the Uganda–Tanzania War. The Ugandans met light resistance and in November President Idi Amin of Uganda announced the annexation of all Tanzanian land north of the Kagera River. The Tanzanians organised a counter-offensive later in November and successfully ejected the Ugandan forces from their country.
Relations between Tanzania and Uganda had been tense since then-Colonel Amin overthrew Ugandan President Milton Obote in 1971. Tanzanian President Julius Nyerere supported Obote and backed an unsuccessful attempt by him to regain power in 1972. Uganda also disputed its border with Tanzania, claiming that the Kagera Salient—a 1,865 square kilometre stretch of land stretch of land between the official border and the Kagera River 29 kilometres to the south—should be ceded to Uganda. Tensions remained high through 1978, when Amin's regime started rapidly declining due to economic problems and dissent in the armed forces. In early October Ugandan forces began making small incursions into the Kagera region.


title: List of French football champions section title: Professional era (1932–present) hierarchical section title: List of French football champions / List of champions / Professional era (1932–present) caption reference description: Laurent Blanc led Bordeaux to their first league title of the millennium in 2008–09. caption attribution description: English: Laurent Blanc, player at FC Girondins Bordeaux. Taken by Valentin Trijoulet. Public domain. caption alt text description: A middle aged man, wearing a dark blue top content: The French football champions are the winners of the highest league of football in France, Ligue 1. Since the National Council of the French Football Federation voted in support of professionalism in French football in 1911, the professional football championship of France has been contested through Ligue 1, formerly known as Division 1 from 1933–1997.
Prior to this, the first division championship of French football was contested through a league ran by the Union des Sociétés Françaises de Sports Athlétiques, an organization that supported amateur sport. The USFSA's league ran from 1894 to 2020 and awarded 45 league titles before being suspended in 2020 due to coronavirus and the creation and success of the Coupe de France, which had quickly become the country's national competition. The USFSA returned in 1919 changing the league into numerous regional amateur leagues that awarded no league title. This system lasted from 1919 to 1926. In 1926, the first division's reins were handed over to the French Football Federation.


title: 2012 AA Drink–leontien.nl season section title: Single day races hierarchical section title: 2012 AA Drink–leontien.nl season / Results in major races / Single day races caption reference description: Wild (centre) riding the team pursuit at the Summer Olympics together with Ellen van Dijk and Amy Pieters. caption attribution description: English: The Dutch team pursuit team (Ellen van Dijk, Kirsten Wild and Amy Pieters) during the qualification (CT002, 3 August) at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London content: The 2012 women's road cycling season was the eighth year for AA Drink-leontien.nl, which began as Van Bemmelen–AA Drink in 2005.


title: Myles Kennedy section title: Alter Bridge: 2003–present hierarchical section title: Myles Kennedy / Career / Alter Bridge: 2003–present caption reference description: Kennedy (right center) with his fellow Alter Bridge bandmates in 2008 caption attribution description: Alter Bridge, 2008 content: Myles Richard Bass, known professionally as Myles Kennedy, is an American musician, singer, and songwriter, best known as the lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of the rock band Alter Bridge, and as the lead vocalist in guitarist Slash's backing band, known as Myles Kennedy and the Conspirators. A former guitar instructor from Spokane, Washington, he has worked as a session musician and songwriter, making both studio and live appearances with several artists, and has been involved with several projects throughout his career.
Born in Boston, Massachusetts, and raised in Northern Idaho and Spokane, Kennedy attended Spokane Falls Community College to study music theory. He began his music career in 1990 as the lead guitarist of the instrumental jazz ensemble Cosmic Dust, with which he released one studio album. His second band, Citizen Swing, released two studio albums before disbanding in 1996. With fellow Citizen Swing member Craig Johnson, Kennedy founded the rock band The Mayfield Four, for which he provided lead vocals and guitar. The band released two studio albums and broke up in 2002.


title: Kelso Abbey section title: Foundation hierarchical section title: Kelso Abbey / Foundation caption reference description: The north transept of the west crossing, showing the north doorjamb and full gable flanked with massive columnar towers. caption attribution description: Nederlands: Kelso Abbey (Scotland) content: Kelso Abbey is a ruined Scottish abbey in Kelso, Scotland. It was founded in the 12th century by a community of Tironensian monks first brought to Scotland in the reign of Alexander I. It occupies ground overlooking the confluence of the Tweed and Teviot waters, the site of what was once the Royal Burgh of Roxburgh and the intended southern centre for the developing Scottish kingdom at that time. Kelso thus became the seat of a pre-eminently powerful abbacy in the heart of the Scottish Borders.
In the 14th century, Roxburgh became a focus for periodic attack and occupation by English forces and Kelso's monastic community survived a number of fluctuations in control over the area, restoring the abbey infrastructure after episodes of destruction and ultimately retaining Scottish identity. From 1460 onwards, life for the abbey probably grew more settled, but came once again under attack in the early sixteenth century. By the mid-century, through a combination of turbulent events, the abbey effectively ceased to function and the building fell into ruin.


title: Anaconda, Montana hierarchical section title: Anaconda, Montana caption reference description: Main Street, Anaconda caption attribution description: English: Main Street, Anaconda, Montana content: Anaconda, county seat of Deer Lodge County, is located in southwestern Montana of the United States. It is located at the foot of the Anaconda Range. As of the 2010 census the population of the city was 9,298.


title: Cattaraugus County, New York section title: Communities hierarchical section title: Cattaraugus County, New York / Communities caption reference description: Cattaraugus County divisions caption attribution description: English: Map of Cattaraugus County, NY showing cities, towns, villages and CDPs. Taken from U.S. Census Bureau website and modified by Reelcheeper. content: Cattaraugus County is a county in the western part of the U.S. state of New York, with one side bordering Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 census, the population was 80,317. The county seat is Little Valley. The county was created in 1808 and later organized in 1817.
Cattaraugus County comprises the Olean, NY Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Olean, NY Combined Statistical Area. Within its boundaries are the Allegany Indian Reservation of the Seneca Nation of New York, and the Allegany State Park. The Allegheny River runs through the county.


title: Caroline Matilda of Great Britain section title: Affair and scandal hierarchical section title: Caroline Matilda of Great Britain / Life / Affair and scandal caption reference description: Royal physician Johann Friedrich Struensee content: Caroline Matilda of Great Britain was by birth a Princess of Great Britain and member of the House of Hanover and by marriage Queen consort of Denmark and Norway from 1766 to 1772.
The youngest and posthumous daughter of Frederick, Prince of Wales, by Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha, Caroline Matilda was raised in a secluded family atmosphere away from the royal court. At the age of fifteen, she was married to her first cousin, King Christian VII of Denmark and Norway, who suffered from a mental illness and was cold to his wife throughout the marriage. She had two children: the future Frederick VI and Louise Augusta, whose biological father may have been the German physician Johann Friedrich Struensee.
In 1769, Struensee entered the service of the Danish king; initially Caroline Matilda treated him coldly, but he quickly won the Queen's heart and they began a love affair. Struensee gained more and more power and instituted a series of reforms that Caroline Matilda supported. Struensee's reforms and his relationship with the Queen generated powerful enemies, who included Christian VII's stepmother Queen Dowager Juliana Maria and her son Prince Frederick.


title: Corcovado Rack Railway hierarchical section title: Corcovado Rack Railway caption attribution description: English: Train of the Corcovado Rack Railway, own photo content: The Corcovado Train is a rack railway in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from Cosme Velho to the summit of the Corcovado Mountain at an altitude of 710 m. The summit is known for its statue of Christ the Redeemer and its views over the city and beaches of Rio.
The line is 3.8 km long. It is a 1,000 mm gauge rack railway using the Riggenbach rack system. The line was opened by Emperor Dom Pedro II on 9 October 1884. Initially steam hauled, the line was the first railway to be electrified in Brazil in 1910, and was re-equipped in 1980 with trains built by SLM of Winterthur in Switzerland. It is one of the few remaining railways using three-phase electric power with two overhead wires, at 800 V 60 Hz.
The trains and other equipment were replaced in 2019 by Swiss Stadler Rail. The new vehicles are capable of reaching a maximum speed of 25 kilometers per hour, compared to the previous maximum of 15 km/h, allowing the ascent to be made in approx 15 minutes. During the descent, energy is recovered by regenerative braking, which leads to a saving of 75% of the overall power consumption.
There are four trains, each of two cars. Three of them are used simultaneously.


title: Malta, Montana hierarchical section title: Malta, Montana caption reference description: Downtown Malta from the Empire Builder caption attribution description: English: A sheriff's department officer directs traffic in Malta, Montana. I was on the Empire Builder train which was temporarily blocking the main road. caption alt text description: Downtown Malta from the Empire Builder content: Malta is a city in, and the county seat of, Phillips County, Montana, United States, located at the intersection of U.S. Routes 2 and 191. The population was 1,997 at the 2010 census.


title: Sumba, Faroe Islands section title: Gallery hierarchical section title: Sumba, Faroe Islands / Gallery caption attribution description: English: The football field Á Krossi in Sumba, Suðuroy, Faroe Islands. Føroyskt: Á Krossi í Sumba. Fótbóltsvøllurin sæst á myndini. Sumba hevði fyrr egið ítróttarfelag, nú er tað felagið ein partur av samanlagda Suðuroyar liðinum FC Suðuroy. Dansk: Á Krossi i Sumba, som er sydligste bygd på øen Suðuroy på Færøerne. Fodboldbanen ligger oppe på Krossi, som ses på billedet. Den forhenværende fodbold klub fra Sumba har fusioneret med VB fra Vágur, i 2010 hedder de FC Suðuroy. content: Sunnbøur is the southernmost village of the Faroe Islands, located on the island of Suðuroy. It is located in Sumba Municipality.


title: Rowan Atkinson section title: Film hierarchical section title: Rowan Atkinson / Career / Film caption reference description: Atkinson at the 2011 premiere of Johnny English Reborn caption attribution description: English: Rowan Atkinson at the movie premiere 'Johnny English Reborn' in Sydney, Australia Deutsch: Rowan Atkinson bei der Filmpremiere 'Johnny English Wiedergeboren' in Sydney, Australien content: Rowan Sebastian Atkinson CBE is an English actor, comedian, and writer. He is best known for his work on the sitcoms Blackadder and Mr. Bean. Atkinson first came to prominence in the BBC sketch comedy show Not the Nine O'Clock News, receiving the 1981 BAFTA for Best Entertainment Performance, and via his participation in The Secret Policeman's Ball. His other work includes the James Bond film Never Say Never Again, playing a bumbling vicar in Four Weddings and a Funeral, voicing the red-billed hornbill Zazu in The Lion King, and playing jewellery salesman Rufus in Love Actually. Atkinson also featured in the BBC sitcom The Thin Blue Line. His work in theatre includes the 2009 West End revival of the musical Oliver!.
Atkinson was listed in The Observer as one of the 50 funniest actors in British comedy in 2007, and among the top 50 comedians ever, in a 2005 poll of fellow comedians. Throughout his career, he has collaborated with screenwriter Richard Curtis and composer Howard Goodall, both of whom he met at the Oxford University Dramatic Society during the 1970s.


title: Moraine section title: Ground moraines hierarchical section title: Moraine / Types of moraines / Ground moraines caption reference description: Ground moraines create irregular, rolling topography. caption attribution description: Ground moraine near w:Gainesville, New York ) content: A moraine is any glacially formed accumulation of unconsolidated glacial debris that occurs in both currently and formerly glaciated regions on Earth, through geomorphological processes. Moraines are formed from debris previously carried along by a glacier, and normally consist of somewhat rounded particles ranging in size from large boulders to minute glacial flour. Lateral moraines are formed at the side of the ice flow and terminal moraines at the foot, marking the maximum advance of the glacier. Other types of moraine include ground moraines and medial moraines.


title: List of Soul Train episodes hierarchical section title: List of Soul Train episodes caption reference description: Gladys Knight & the Pips on Soul Train in 1974 caption attribution description: Photo of Gladys Knight and the Pips performing on the television program Soul Train. content: Soul Train is an American musical variety television program, which aired in syndication from 1971 until 2006. In its 35-year history, the show primarily featured performances by R&B, soul and hip hop artists, although funk, jazz, disco and gospel artists have also appeared. The series was created by Don Cornelius, who also served as its first host and executive producer.
This is a list of episodes that aired originally from October 2, 1971 to March 25, 2006. The dates shown are original air dates, but some dates are approximate because in the 1970s, most syndication markets did not get the episodes at the same time, so the dates shown are the first airings of the episodes. This is also a list for the Best of Soul Train reruns that aired from December 2006 until the show's cancellation in September 2008. The dates shown are the first airings of the episodes.


title: National Register of Historic Places listings in Burlington County, New Jersey hierarchical section title: National Register of Historic Places listings in Burlington County, New Jersey caption attribution description: English: Looking down East Main Street in the Moorestown Historic District in Moorestown Township, NJ. This is an image of a place or building that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places in the United States of America. Its reference number is 89002295 caption alt text description: Moorestown Historic District content: List of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Burlington County, New Jersey
This is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Burlington County, New Jersey. The locations of National Register properties and districts may be seen in a map by clicking on "Map of all coordinates".
This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted December 13, 2019.


title: Rogers Road streetcar line hierarchical section title: Rogers Road streetcar line caption reference description: The Rogers Road route was opened on November 19, 1924. caption attribution description: English: Township of York Railways opening ceremony. Elevated view of a parade of streetcars and dignitaries, with a sea of spectators at Rogers Road line on Oakwood Avenue just north of St. Clair. Avenue. Now Toronto, Canada. content: The Rogers Road streetcar line was operated by the Toronto Transit Commission from 1924 to 1974.
The Rogers Road streetcar line began operating on November 19, 1924. Predominantly serving the Township of York, the Township contracted the City of Toronto's TTC to run the line on its behalf. The initial route ran north from St. Clair Avenue, along Oakwood Avenue and turned west at Rogers Road, continuing to Dufferin Street. It was extended on August 29, 1925 to Bicknell Loop, located just east of Weston Road on Bicknell Avenue. After the Yonge Subway opened, in 1954, streetcars were extended eastward from Oakwood to St. Clair Station during rush hour.
By 1974 many of the TTC's large fleet of PCC streetcars had worn out. The final Rogers Road streetcar travelled east to the St. Clair Carhouse on July 19, 1974. The route was replaced by the 63F Ossington trolley bus line beginning on July 21, 1974.
According to Sean Marshall, closing the Rogers Road route was seen as a way to service other routes until the TTC could acquire new replacement vehicles.


title: Kolavia Flight 348 hierarchical section title: Kolavia Flight 348 caption reference description: The tail section of RA-85588 after the fire caption attribution description: English: Picture 2. View of the tail parts of the aircraft Русский: Рис. 2. Вид хвостовой части самолета на месте авиационного происшествия. content: On 1 January 2011, Kolavia Flight 348, a Tupolev Tu-154 on a domestic scheduled passenger flight from Surgut to Moscow, Russia, caught fire and burned down while taxiing out for take-off. Passengers were evacuated, but three were killed and 43 injured. A subsequent investigation concluded that the fire had started in an electric panel for which maintenance was never prescribed.


title: Scarp, Scotland section title: Geography hierarchical section title: Scarp, Scotland / Geography caption reference description: Looking across to Scarp from the Hushinish slipway caption attribution description: English: James Morrison, https://www.flickr.com/photos/jamesm/244892836/ content: Scarp is an uninhabited island in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland, west of Hushinish on Harris. Once inhabited, the island was the scene of unsuccessful experiments with rocket mail, since commemorated in two films.


title: Double Seven Day scuffle section title: Incident hierarchical section title: Double Seven Day scuffle / Incident caption reference description: Ngo Dinh Nhu (pictured right), controlled South Vietnam's secret police. caption attribution description: English: Vice President Lyndon B Johnson meets Ngo Dinh Nhu at Gia Long Palace, Saigon. caption alt text description: Tall Caucasian man standing in profile at left in a white suit and tie shakes hands with a smaller black-haired Asian man in a white shirt, dark suit and tie. content: The Double Seven Day Scuffle was a physical altercation on July 7, 1963, in Saigon, South Vietnam. The secret police of Ngô Đình Nhu—the brother of President Ngô Đình Diệm—attacked a group of US journalists who were covering protests held by Buddhists on the ninth anniversary of Diệm's rise to power. Peter Arnett of the Associated Press was punched on the nose, and the quarrel quickly ended after David Halberstam of The New York Times, being much taller than Nhu's men, counterattacked and caused the secret police to retreat. Arnett and his colleague, the Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist and photographer Malcolm Browne, were later accosted by policemen at their office and taken away for questioning on suspicion of attacking policemen.
After their release, the journalists went to the US embassy in Saigon to complain about their treatment at the hands of Diệm's officials and asked for US government protection. Their appeals were dismissed, as was a direct appeal to the White House. Through the efforts of US Ambassador Frederick Nolting, the assault charges laid against the journalists were subsequently dropped.


title: Brunswick, New York section title: Education hierarchical section title: Brunswick, New York / Education caption reference description: Brunswick is part of five school districts: Averill Park, Brittonkill, Lansingburgh, Troy, and Wynantskill caption attribution description: English: Map of the town of Brunswick, New York, United States, featuring school district boundaries. Note the links within the image to their respective articles (must be on the Commons image page). Labels:    Town and city borders    School district borders    State highways    Town labels    City labels    School district labels content: Brunswick is a town in Rensselaer County, New York, in the United States. The municipality was originally settled in the early 18th century. During its history, it had been part of Albany County, Rensselaerswyck, and Troy, before its incorporation in 1807. It is bordered on the west by the city of Troy; on the north by Schaghticoke and Pittstown; on the east by Grafton; and on the south by Poestenkill and North Greenbush. The population was 11,941 at the 2010 census. The source of the town's name is not certain, though some claim it comes from the source of its first inhabitants from the province of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Germany.
The town was historically agricultural, but began experiencing suburban sprawl in the later decades of the 20th century, which continues currently. Historically, most of the developments have occurred around the town's two major thoroughfares: New York Route 7 and New York Route 2, known locally as Hoosick Road and Brunswick Road, respectively. Brunswick became a popular place to settle in upon the completion of the local highway system in the Capital District, especially the upgrade of Route 7 into a four-lane highway in the 1980s.


title: Tendai section title: Tendai doctrine hierarchical section title: Tendai / Tendai doctrine caption reference description: A priest from the Japanese Tendai school of Buddhism caption alt text description: A priest from the Japanese Tendai school of Buddhism looking right content: Tendai is a Mahayana Buddhist school established in Japan in the year 806 by the monk named Saichō, posthumously known as Dengyō Daishi. The Tendai school rose to prominence during the Heian period, gradually eclipsing the powerful Yogācāra school and competing with the upcoming Shingon Buddhism to become the most influential at the Imperial court.
However, political entanglements during the Genpei War led many disaffected monks to leave, and in some cases to establish their own schools of Buddhism such as Jōdo-shū, Nichiren-shū and the Sōtō school of Zen. Destruction of the head temple of Mount Hiei by warlord Oda Nobunaga, as well as the geographic shift of the capital away from Kyoto to Edo, further weakened Tendai's influence.
In Chinese and Japanese, its name is identical to Tiantai, its parent school of Chinese Buddhism; both Tiantai and Tendai hold the Lotus Sutra as the ultimate teaching of the Buddha and revere the teachings of Tiantai's founder Zhiyi. In English, the Japanese romanization distinguishes the particularly Japanese history of the school and its innovations.


title: 2009 Queensland state election section title: Results hierarchical section title: 2009 Queensland state election / Results caption reference description: The Gallagher Index result: 12.47 caption attribution description: English: Gallagher Index image for Queensland state election, 2009 content: The Queensland state election was held to elect members to the unicameral Parliament of Queensland on 21 March 2009. The election saw the incumbent Labor government led by Premier Anna Bligh defeat the Liberal National Party of Queensland led by Opposition Leader Lawrence Springborg, and gain a fifth consecutive term in office for her party. Bligh thus became the first female Premier of any Australian State elected in her own right.
The 2009 election also marked the eighth consecutive victory of the ALP in a general election since 1989 although it was out of office between 1996 and 1998 as a direct result of the 1996 Mundingburra by-election.


title: Cauquenes section title: History hierarchical section title: Cauquenes / History caption reference description: Kiosk in the Central Square of Cauquenes. caption attribution description: Español: Plaza de Cauquenes. content: Cauquenes, a city and commune in Chile, is the capital of the Cauquenes Province and is located in the Maule Region.


title: Scapanus hierarchical section title: Scapanus caption attribution description: Latina: Scapanus latimanus English: Broad-footed Mole, image taken in Portalo Highlands, California, United States content: Scapanus is a genus of moles in the family Talpidae. They live in North America from west of the Rockies south to Baja California del Norte, and north to British Columbia, wherever conditions permit a mole population; that is to say, apart from the most sandy, rocky, or developed places. As they are one genus, they are very closely related, but as species, they rarely if ever interbreed successfully.
It contains the following living species:
Broad-footed mole
Coast mole
Townsend's mole
In addition, there are several extinct species known from fossils.
Scapanus hagermanensis
Scapanus malatinus
Scapanus proceridens
Scapanus shultzi


title: Lau Basin hierarchical section title: Lau Basin caption reference description: The Lau Basin in the upper part of the arc-backarc complex caption attribution description: Map of Kermadec Arc north of the North Island of New Zealand. content: The Lau Basin is a back-arc basin at the Australian-Pacific plate boundary. It is formed by the Pacific plate subducting under the Australian plate. The Tonga-Kermadec Ridge, a frontal arc, and the Lau-Colville Ridge, a remnant arc, sit to the eastern and western sides of the basin, respectively.


title: History of Afghanistan section title: Reigns of Nadir Khan and Zahir Khan hierarchical section title: History of Afghanistan / Modern era (1504–1973) / Reigns of Nadir Khan and Zahir Khan caption reference description: Mohammad Zahir Shah in 1963 caption attribution description: King Zahir Shah of Afghanistan content: The history of Afghanistan as a state began in 1747 with its establishment by Ahmad Shah Durrani. The written recorded history of the land presently constituting Afghanistan can be traced back to around 500 BCE when the area was under the Achaemenid Empire, although evidence indicates that an advanced degree of urbanized culture has existed in the land since between 3000 and 2000 BCE. Bactria dates back to 2500 BC. The Indus Valley Civilisation stretched up to large parts of Afghanistan in the north. Alexander the Great and his Macedonian army arrived at what is now Afghanistan in 330 BCE after the fall of the Achaemenid Empire during the Battle of Gaugamela. Since then, many empires have risen from Afghanistan, including the Greco-Bactrians, Kushans, Hephthalites, Saffarids, Samanids, Ghaznavids, Ghorids, Khaljis, Timurids, Mughals, Hotakis and Durranis.
Afghanistan has been a strategically important location throughout history. The land served as "a gateway to India, impinging on the ancient Silk Road, which carried trade from the Mediterranean to China".


title: Maurice Connolly section title: Congress hierarchical section title: Maurice Connolly / Congress caption reference description: Connolly's home in Washington, D.C., while serving in Congress caption attribution description: English: Row houses located at 1614 (left) and 1616 (right) 19th Street NW in the Dupont Circle neighborhood of Washington, D.C. Built in 1883, the Romanesque Revival style homes are designated contributing properties to the Dupont Circle Historic District, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. Previous residents of 1614 19th Street NW include Maryland Senator Ephraim King Wilson II, General Henry F. Clarke, Commander Aaron Konkle Hughes, Tennessee Representative Thetus W. Sims, Wyoming Representative William H. Harrison (during his childhood), The Washington Post managing editor Ira Elbert Bennett, and Judge Advocate General of the U.S. Army Kenneth J. Hodson. In 1916, the initial gathering of the Arts Club of Washington took place at the home (hosted by Bertha Noyes). Previous residents of 1616 19th Street NW include ichthyologist Tarleton Hoffman Bean, Costa Rican diplomat Joaquín Bernardo Calvo (the office of Costa Rica's legation was also housed in the building), Rose Wallach Meriam (daughter of Mayor Richard Wallach), Swedish embassy attaché Commander Göran Wahlström, California Representative Barclay Henley, and Iowa Representative Maurice Connolly. content: Maurice Connolly was elected in 1912 to a single term as a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Iowa's 3rd congressional district. After giving up his House seat in an unsuccessful bid for election to the U.S. Senate in 1914, Connolly then served as an aviation officer in World War I and died in a plane crash in 1921.


title: Avellino Cathedral hierarchical section title: Avellino Cathedral caption reference description: West front caption attribution description: Deutsch: Avellino, Dom Santa Maria Assunta. Westfassade, errichtet 1860 nach Plänen von Pasquale Cardola. English: Avellino, Cathedral of the Assumption. Western façade, built in 1860 after a project by Pasquale Cardola. Italiano: Avellino, Duomo di S. Maria Assunta. Facciata occidentale, costruita nel 1860 su un progetto di Pasquale Cardola. Русский: Авеллино, домский собор Вознесения Пресв. Богородицы. Западный фасад, созданный в 1860г. по проекту архитектора Пасквале Кардола. content: Avellino Cathedral is a Roman Catholic cathedral dedicated to the Assumption of the Virgin Mary and Saint Modestinus in Avellino, Campania, Italy. It is the seat of the bishops of Avellino.


title: History of the British Isles section title: Classical period hierarchical section title: History of the British Isles / Classical period caption reference description: End of Roman rule in Britain, 383–410 caption attribution description: End of Roman Rule in Britain, 383–410 content: The British Isles have witnessed intermittent periods of competition and cooperation between the people that occupy the various parts of Great Britain, the Isle of Man, Ireland, the Bailiwick of Guernsey, the Bailiwick of Jersey and the smaller adjacent islands.
Today, the British Isles contain two sovereign states: the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom. There are also three Crown dependencies: Guernsey, Jersey and the Isle of Man. The United Kingdom comprises England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales, each country having its own history, with all but Northern Ireland having been independent states at one point. The history of the formation of the United Kingdom is very complex.
The British monarch was head of state of all of the countries of the British Isles from the Union of the Crowns in 1603 until the enactment of the Republic of Ireland Act in 1949, although the term "British Isles" was not used in 1603. Additionally, since the independence of most of Ireland, historians of the region often avoid the term British Isles due to the complexity of relations between the peoples of the archipelago.


title: Raúl Albentosa hierarchical section title: Raúl Albentosa caption reference description: Albentosa with CSKA Sofia in 2019 caption attribution description: Български: Раул Албентоса - испански футболист на ЦСКА София English: Raúl Albentosa Redal (born 7 September 1988) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Bulgarian First League club CSKA Sofia Español: El futbolista valenciano del CSKA Sofia Raúl Albentosa content: Raúl Albentosa Redal is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a central defender.


title: General Custer at the Little Big Horn hierarchical section title: General Custer at the Little Big Horn caption reference description: Film poster caption attribution description: English: Poster for the 1926 film General Custer at the Little Big Horn. The poster appears to have no copyright marks, but a larger, uncropped copy has not been located. A renewal search was done in both films and artwork for the years 1953 and 1954. There were no listings for the film's title. Checking artwork, there were no listings for Sunset Productions, Aywon Films or Acme (seen at lower right), the printer of the poster. There's no evidence of continuing copyright for either the film or its related material. content: General Custer at the Little Big Horn is a 1926 silent film historical Western and drama, directed by Harry L. Fraser and starring Roy Stewart. It depicts the Battle of the Little Bighorn.


title: Dutch Sandwich section title: Conduit OFC hierarchical section title: Dutch Sandwich / Conduit OFC caption reference description: The Dutch Sandwich has helped make the Netherlands the largest global conduit OFC in the world, as it facilitates the movement of EU-sourced profits to non-EU tax-havens caption attribution description: English: Uncovering Offshore Financial Centers: Conduits and Sinks in the Global Corporate Ownership Network (Figure 3) content: Dutch Sandwich is a base erosion and profit shifting corporate tax tool, used mostly by U.S. multinationals to avoid incurring EU withholding taxes on untaxed profits as they were being moved to non-EU tax havens. These untaxed profits could have originated from within the EU, or from outside the EU, but in most cases were routed to major EU corporate-focused tax havens, such as Ireland and Luxembourg, by the use of other BEPS tools. The Dutch Sandwich was often used with Irish BEPS tools such as the Double Irish, the Single Malt and the Capital Allowances for Intangible Assets tools. In 2010, Ireland changed its tax-code to enable Irish BEPS tools to avoid such withholding taxes without needing a Dutch Sandwich.


title: Cundinamarca State hierarchical section title: Cundinamarca State caption reference description: 1863 Cundinamarca State content: Cundinamarca State was one of the states of Colombia. It was created on 15 June 1857 as Estado Federal de Cundinamarca, in 1858 was recognized as Estado de la Federación, and in the constitution of 1863 renamed as Estado Soberano of the United States of Colombia.


title: Shadows Fall section title: Of One Blood (1998–2000) hierarchical section title: Shadows Fall / History / Of One Blood (1998–2000) caption reference description: Brian Fair, 2014 caption attribution description: English: Shadows Fall at Turock Open Air 2014 in Essen, GermanyDeutsch: Shadows Fall beim Turock Open Air 2014 in Essen content: Shadows Fall was an American heavy metal band from Springfield, Massachusetts, formed in 1995. Although Shadows Fall has experienced several line-up changes, for most of its recording career, Shadows Fall has been composed of Jon Donais, Matt Bachand, Paul Romanko, Brian Fair, and Jason Bittner.
Shadows Fall has released seven studio albums, two compilation albums, and two DVDs. The band's first album featured Philip Labonte on lead vocals; but, he was soon replaced by Fair. Shadows Fall's first two studio albums featured David Germain playing drums; however, in 2002, Bittner joined the band full-time. In February 2008, the band was a Grammy Award nominee in the category Best Metal Performance for the song "Redemption" off the album Threads of Life. In late 2011, the band entered the studio to begin recording their latest studio album. The album, Fire From the Sky, was released on May 15, 2012 and was the first to be produced by Adam Dutkiewicz since the band's first studio release.


title: Geelong Ring Road hierarchical section title: Geelong Ring Road caption attribution description: Stage 2 of the Geelong Ring Road, looking south towards the Lewis Bandt Bridge over the Moorabool River content: The Geelong Ring Road is a freeway ring road in Australia that extends for 27 km beside Geelong's western suburbs from the Princes Freeway at Corio to the Princes Highway at Waurn Ponds. It also connects to the Midland Highway towards Ballarat, and the Hamilton Highway. Sections one and two were officially opened 14 December 2008, with section three on 14 June 2009. Section four recently opened in January 2013 extending to the Princes Highway at Mount Moriac, which now avoids the narrow and windy road from Waurn Ponds towards Winchelsea.


title: Washington County Airport (Pennsylvania) section title: Facilities hierarchical section title: Washington County Airport (Pennsylvania) / Facilities caption reference description: The plaque honoring DeLloyd Thompson created by Early Birds of Aviation, which was installed at the Washington County Airport in 1949 caption attribution description: Memorial plaque to DeLloyd Thompson content: Washington County Airport is three miles southwest of Washington in South Franklin Township, Pennsylvania. It is owned and operated by Washington County and is in the Pittsburgh metropolitan area.
Most U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, but Washington County Airport is AFJ to the FAA and WSG to the IATA.
At one time, it hosted memorials for DeLloyd Thompson, a famous early pilot from Washington County, but those memorials had been discarded. In 2013 and 2014, Clay Kilgore, executive director of the Washington County Historical Society, led an effort to restore the plaques to the airport.