title: River Defense Fleet section title: The Battle of Forts Jackson and St. Philip hierarchical section title: River Defense Fleet / The River Defense Fleet in battle / The Battle of Forts Jackson and St. Philip caption reference description: Union fleet passing the forts, 28 April 1862. caption attribution description: English: "The Splendid Naval Triumph on the Mississippi, April 24th, 1862" Colored lithograph, published by Currier & Ives, 1862. The original print bears the following descriptive text: "Destruction of the Rebel gunboats, rams and iron clad batteries by the Union Fleet under Flag Officer Farragut. The attack was commenced on the 18th of April and continued until the 25th resulting in the capture of Forts Jackson, St. Phillip, Livingston, Pike and the city of New Orleans, as well as the destruction of all the enemy gunboats, rams, floating batteries (iron clad), fire rafts, booms and chains. The enemy with their own hands destroying cotton and shipping valued at from eight to ten millions of dollars. 'The sight of this night attack was awfully grand, the river was lit up with blazing rafts filled with pine knots and the ships seemed to be fighting literally amidst flames and smoke.'". In this view, ships are identified as (starting at top left center, up the river, running down to the right, then across toward the left): Confederate steamers; USS Cayuga (leading the Union column), USS Pensacola, burning confederate steamer, USS Varuna, USS Oneida, USS Mississippi (engaging the ram Manassas), USS Richmond, USS Kineo, USS Hartford (flagship, in collision with a fire raft), USS Brooklyn and USS Winona. A Confederate fire raft is in the lower right. Fort St. Phillip is shown at right and Fort Jackson at left. Courtesy of the U.S. Navy Art Collection, Washington, D.C. content: The River Defense Fleet was a set of fourteen vessels in Confederate service, intended to assist in the defense of New Orleans in the early days of the American Civil War. All were merchant ships or towboats that were seized by order of the War Department in Richmond and converted into warships by arming each with one or two guns, protecting their engines by an interior bulkhead, and strengthening their bows so they could be used as rams. Although they were nominally a part of the Confederate States Army, all of their officers and most of their crews were civilians. A portion of the fleet was retained in the south part of the Mississippi River and a portion was sent north to defend against Union movement from the north.
The portion of the fleet in the south took part in the battles at Forts Jackson and St. Philip. The portion of the fleet in the north took part in the battles at Plum Point Bend and Memphis. Experience showed that they could stand up to the opposing Union vessels only under very special circumstances; when those conditions were not met, they were overwhelmed. By the middle of 1862, the entire fleet had been eradicated, either by enemy action or at their own hands.


title: Mark V tank section title: Gallery hierarchical section title: Mark V tank / Gallery caption attribution description: Deutsch: Panzer Mark V germafrodit aus dem Ersten Weltkrieg auf dem „Platz der Kampftechnik“ in der Nähe des Historischen Museums, Charkow. Русский: Британский танк Mark V гермафродит (левый танк танковой группы: справа пулемет, слева пушка), выпуска 1919 или начала 1920 года, захваченный красной РККА у белой Русской Армии барона П.Н. Врангеля на Каховском плацдарме в 1920 году. Харьков. 4 раза менял место, сейчас (с конца 1990-х) установлен в сквере на Площади Конституции. content: The British Mark V tank was an upgraded version of the Mark IV tank.
The tank was improved in several aspects over the Mark IV, chiefly the new steering system, transmission and 150 bhp engine, but it fell short in other areas, particularly its insufficient ventilation leading to carbon monoxide poisoning for the crew. Various versions were fitted with a variety of armament including 6-pounder guns and machine guns.
It was first deployed in July 1918 on the Western Front at the Battle of Hamel; then at the Battle of Amiens, and on the Hindenburg Line during the closing months of World War I.
During the Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War on the White Russian side, four Mark Vs were delivered to Archangelsk, four to Reval, Estonia, and around 70 were delivered to Novorossisk in southern Russia. The survivors were captured and used by the Red Army.
There were two main further variants, the lengthened Mark V* and a few Mark V**s with a more powerful engine and wider tracks. A planned Mark V*** was never built. There are eleven surviving Mark V tanks.


title: List of buildings by Friedensreich Hundertwasser hierarchical section title: List of buildings by Friedensreich Hundertwasser caption attribution description: English: Thermal power plant by Hundertwasser, Vienna Deutsch: Hundertwasser-Müllverbrennungsanlage mit Fernwärmeauskopplung in Wien-Spittelau content: This list includes all architectural projects realized by Friedensreich Hundertwasser including new buildings, alterations and design of buildings.
Hundertwasser started to work as an architect at the age of 55 already having a reputation as a painter. According to the views of the artist, every person is entitled to decorate his house. Hundertwasser's architecture differs from functionalism and rationalism typical of the 20th century, by his use of bright colors, decorations, distorted lines and the desire to be in harmony with nature. Hundertwasser believed that only a few buildings are "healthy." He made numerous restructuring and renewal of residential and functional buildings and had a reputation as "the doctor of architecture" because he treated buildings by decorating them in order to diminish the visual pollution of the environment. The largest architectural project of Friedensreich Hundertwasser is the hotel complex Rogner Bad Blumau in Austria completed in 1997.


title: Manui hierarchical section title: Manui caption reference description: Manui island caption attribution description: Français : Photo de fr:Manui aux fr:îles Gambier en fr:Polynésie française (Photo personnel 2006) fr:Utilisateur:FRED content: Manui is an island of the Gambier Islands of French Polynesia.


title: Great Wheel hierarchical section title: Great Wheel caption attribution description: English: The Great Wheel in Earl's Court Exhibition Ground, c. 1900., looking east. St.. Cuthbert's Church, Philbeach Gardens, behind wheel Deutsch: Riesenrad London (um 1900) ostwärts geschaut, im Hintergrund ist die Kirche St Cuthbert's, Philbeach Gardens zu erkennen content: The Great Wheel, also known as the Gigantic Wheel, was built for the Empire of India Exhibition at Earls Court, London, in the United Kingdom. Construction began in March 1894 at the works of Maudslay, Sons and Field in Greenwich and it opened to the public on 17 July 1895. Modelled on the original Ferris Wheel which featured at the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, US, it was 94 metres tall and 82.3 metres in diameter. and weighed about 900 Tons. It stayed in service until 1906, by which time its 40 cars had carried over 2.5 million passengers. It was demolished in 1907 following its last use at the Imperial Austrian Exhibition.


title: List of Carnegie libraries in Iowa section title: Academic libraries hierarchical section title: List of Carnegie libraries in Iowa / Academic libraries caption attribution description: Grinnell College-Carnegie Hall content: The following list of Carnegie libraries in Iowa provides detailed information on United States Carnegie libraries in Iowa, where 101 public libraries were built from 99 grants awarded by the Carnegie Corporation of New York from 1892 to 1917. In addition, academic libraries were built at 7 institutions.


title: Delta, Utah hierarchical section title: Delta, Utah caption attribution description: Christmas Light Parade on Main street in Delta, Utah November 2007 Picture of the Sound Unlimited Light Parade Float! content: Delta is a city in Millard County, Utah, United States. The population was 3,436 at the 2010 census.


title: Yoshikazu Taru hierarchical section title: Yoshikazu Taru caption reference description: TARU in 2009 caption attribution description: Yoshikazu Taru at the National Taiwan University Sports Center in Taipei, Taiwan on November 21, 2009. content: Yoshikazu Taru is a Japanese professional wrestler, better known simply as Taru. He is currently signed to Makai, while also working for Pro Wrestling Zero1, where he is the leader of the Voodoo Murders. He has previously worked for All Japan Pro Wrestling, Diamond Ring, Wrestle Association R and Toryumon: Japan, later known as Dragon Gate.


title: Alabama hierarchical section title: Alabama caption reference description: Released in 2003 caption attribution description: English: Alabama state quarter. Removed background, cropped, and converted to PNG with Macromedia Fireworks. This image depicts a unit of currency issued by the United States of America. If this is an image of paper currency or a coin not listed here, it is solely a work of the United States Government, is ineligible for US copyright, and is therefore in the public domain in the United States.Fraudulent use of this image is punishable under applicable counterfeiting laws. As listed by the United States Secret Service at money illustrations, the Counterfeit Detection Act of 1992, Public Law 102-550, in Section 411 of Title 31 of the Code of Federal Regulations (31 CFR 411), permits color illustrations of U.S. currency provided:1. The illustration is of a size less than three-fourths or more than one and one-half, in linear dimension, of each part of the item illustrated;2. The illustration is one-sided; and3. All negatives, plates, positives, digitized storage medium, graphic files, magnetic medium, optical storage devices, and any other thing used in the making of the illustration that contain an image of the illustration or any part thereof are destroyed and/or deleted or erased after their final use. Certain coins contain copyrights licensed to the U.S. Mint and owned by third parties or assigned to and owned by the U.S. Mint [1]. For the United States Mint circulating coin design use policy, see [2]; for the policy on the 50 State Quarters, see [3]. Also: COM:ART #Photograph of an old coin found on the Internet caption alt text description: Alabama quarter dollar coin content: Alabama is a state in the United States. Its capital city is Montgomery. The largest city is Birmingham. It became a state in 1819.


title: Oceanites hierarchical section title: Oceanites caption attribution description: Wilson's Storm-petrel, Oceanites oceanicus, Location: Gulf Stream off of Hatteras, North Carolina, United States content: Oceanites is a genus of seabird in the austral storm petrel family. The genus name refers to the mythical Oceanids, the three thousand daughters of Tethys.
It contains the following species:
Wilson's storm petrel, Oceanites oceanicus
Elliot's storm petrel, Oceanites gracilis
Pincoya storm petrel, Oceanites pincoyae


title: Micky & the Motorcars section title: Background hierarchical section title: Micky & the Motorcars / Background caption reference description: Micky Braun 2017 caption attribution description: Deutsch: Micky And The Motorcars (USA) beim blacksheep-Festival im Bonfelder Schloss, Bad-Rappenau-Bonfeld, 2017 English: Micky And The Motorcars (USA) appearance at the 2017 blacksheep festival at Bonfeld castle, Bad Rappenau, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany Festivalsommer This photo was created with the support of donations to Wikimedia Deutschland in the context of the CPB project "Festival Summer". беларуская (тарашкевіца) | Deutsch | English | español | français | italiano | македонски | português | sicilianu | Türkçe | українська | +/− This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work Under the following conditions: attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. share alike – If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same or compatible license as the original. Personality rights warningAlthough this work is freely licensed or in the public domain, the person(s) shown may have rights that legally restrict certain re-uses unless those depicted consent to such uses. In these cases, a model release or other evidence of consent could protect you from infringement claims. Though not obliged to do so, the uploader may be able to help you to obtain such evidence. See our general disclaimer for more information. For taking this photo and licensing it under a free licence a (press) accreditation was required. The photographer had a valid accreditation and has sent it to the email response team, it has been archived in the OTRS system. Users with OTRS account can access it here. Please be aware that (press) accreditations are a permission to generally take photos only and do not make any statement about the copyright status of this photo! Link to the ticket: https://ticket.wikimedia.org/otrs/index.pl?Action=AgentTicketZoom&TicketNumber=2016102810008829 content: Micky & the Motorcars is an alternative country band formed in Stanley, Idaho that is now based in Austin, Texas. The band has released nine albums, including two live albums.


title: Digital Video Broadcasting section title: Adoption hierarchical section title: Digital Video Broadcasting / Adoption caption reference description: DTT broadcasting systems. content: Digital Video Broadcasting is a set of international open standards for digital television. DVB standards are maintained by the DVB Project, an international industry consortium, and are published by a Joint Technical Committee of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute, European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization and European Broadcasting Union.


title: Corporate tax in the United States hierarchical section title: Corporate tax in the United States caption reference description: United States Corporate tax rate caption attribution description: English: Corporate tax rate and effective tax rate content: Corporate tax is imposed in the United States at the federal, most state, and some local levels on the income of entities treated for tax purposes as corporations. Since January 1, 2018, the nominal federal corporate tax rate in the United States of America is a flat 21% due to the passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. State and local taxes and rules vary by jurisdiction, though many are based on federal concepts and definitions. Taxable income may differ from book income both as to timing of income and tax deductions and as to what is taxable. The corporate Alternative Minimum Tax was also eliminated by the 2017 reform, but some states have alternative taxes. Like individuals, corporations must file tax returns every year. They must make quarterly estimated tax payments. Groups of corporations controlled by the same owners may file a consolidated return.
Some corporate transactions are not taxable. These include most formations and some types of mergers, acquisitions, and liquidations. Shareholders of a corporation are taxed on dividends distributed by the corporation.


title: Nicolae Grigorescu Memorial Museum hierarchical section title: Nicolae Grigorescu Memorial Museum caption attribution description: Français : musée consacré au peintre Nicolae Grigorescu, qui vécut aussi en France, à Barbizon et à Vitré This is a photo of a historic monument in județul Prahova, classified with number PH-II-m-A-16393 content: The Nicolae Grigorescu Memorial Museum is a museum-house in the city of Campina, where Nicolae Grigorescu lived and painted between.


title: Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor section title: Final years hierarchical section title: Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor / Final years caption reference description: A statue at Cliveden, overlooking 42 inscribed stones dedicated to the dead of World War I. Sir Bertram MacKennal's figure represents Canada with the head reputedly modelled by Lady Astor caption attribution description: English: Overlooking 42 inscribed stones to the dead of The Great War Sir Bertram MacKennal's figure represents Canada with the head reputedly modelled by Lady Astor Source: http://www.wyrdlight.com Author: Antony McCallum content: Nancy Witcher Langhorne Astor, Viscountess Astor CH was an American-born British politician who was the second female Member of Parliament but the first to take her seat, serving from 1919 to 1945. Sinn Féin's Constance Markievicz had become the first elected female MP in 1918, but refused to take her seat in line with party policy.
Astor was an American citizen who moved to England at age 26 and married Waldorf Astor. He succeeded to the peerage and entered the House of Lords; she then entered politics and won his former seat in Plymouth in 1919, becoming the first woman to sit as an MP in the House of Commons. Her first husband was American Robert Gould Shaw II; the couple separated after four years and divorced in 1903. She served in Parliament as a member of the Conservative Party for Plymouth Sutton until 1945, when she was persuaded to step down. Astor has been criticised for her sympathetic view of Nazism.


title: Outline of Niue hierarchical section title: Outline of Niue caption reference description: An enlargeable map of Niue content: The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Niue:
Niue – an island nation in free association with New Zealand located in the South Pacific Ocean. It is commonly known as the "Rock of Polynesia". Natives of the island call it merely "The Rock". Although self-governing, Niue is in free association with New Zealand, meaning that the Sovereign in Right of New Zealand is also Niue's head of state. Most diplomatic relations are conducted by New Zealand on Niue's behalf. Niue is located 2,400 kilometres northeast of New Zealand in a triangle between Tonga, Samoa, and the Cook Islands. The Niuean language and the English language are both taught in schools and used in day-to-day business and communications. The people are predominantly Polynesian.


title: Albany Park, Chicago hierarchical section title: Albany Park, Chicago caption reference description: Location within the city of Chicago content: Albany Park is one of 77 well-defined community areas of Chicago. Located on the Northwest Side of the City of Chicago with the North Branch of the Chicago River forming its east and north boundaries, it includes the ethnically diverse Albany Park neighborhood, with one of the highest percentages of foreign-born residents of any Chicago neighborhood.
Although the majority of those foreign-born residents are from Latin America, mostly from Mexico, Guatemala, and Ecuador, substantial numbers are from the Philippines, India, Korea, Cambodia, Somalia, the former Yugoslavia, Romania, Pakistan and the Middle East. Over 40 different languages are spoken in its public schools.
Due to the diverse population and immigrant population attraction, the population of the neighborhood increased by 16.5% during the 1990s. It is part of the 60625 ZIP code, which is known as one of the most diverse areas in the entire country.


title: Bills Stadium hierarchical section title: Bills Stadium caption reference description: Bills Stadium in 2014 caption attribution description: English: Populous - Architect LP Ciminelli - General Contractor Ben Cating - Project Manager content: Bills Stadium is a stadium in Orchard Park, New York, the southern portion of the Buffalo metropolitan area. The stadium opened in 1973 and is the home of the Buffalo Bills of the National Football League.


title: Morrill, Kansas hierarchical section title: Morrill, Kansas caption reference description: KDOT map of Brown County (legend) caption attribution description: This map of Brown County, Kansas, USA, is copied at a resolution of 300 pixels/inch from the original PDF file. caption alt text description: KDOT map of Brown County (legend) content: Morrill is a city in Brown County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 230.


title: List of Charadriiformes by population section title: Species by global population hierarchical section title: List of Charadriiformes by population / Species by global population caption attribution description: Esacus giganteus English: A Beach Stone-curlew in Daintree, Queensland, Australia. content: This is a list of Charadriiformes species by global population. While numbers are estimates, they have been made by the experts in their fields.
Charadriiformes is the taxonomic order to which the waders, gulls, and auks belong. BirdLife International has assessed 352 species; 181 have had their population estimated. Bird taxonomy is currently in a state of flux, much wider in scope than the complications arising from the realization that birds are dinosaurs, and a full scientific consensus on the division of orders has yet to be settled upon. The Charadriiformes, for example, are grouped with the Ciconiiformes in the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy. In the interest of standardization this article, along with the rest of the Wikipedia Bird Population lists, is split along the taxonomic system used by BirdLife, which is both the Earth's largest partnership of conservation organizations, and the assessment team for birds on the IUCN Red List. This is not an endorsement of any one taxonomic system, and it may change in the future as new relationships are brought to light.
A variety of methods are used for counting Charadriiformes.


title: Theodore D. Wilson section title: Ships designed by Wilson (partial list) hierarchical section title: Theodore D. Wilson / Ships designed by Wilson (partial list) caption attribution description: Cruiser USS San Francisco content: Theodore Delavan Wilson was an American naval ship designer, constructor and instructor of naval architecture and shipbuilding. As chief constructor for the Bureau of Construction and Repair from 1882 to 1892, he was in charge of all new warship design for the United States Navy. Through his efforts, the Navy began its transition out of a post–Civil War slump to become a modern naval power. Warships he designed include the pre-dreadnought battleship USS Maine, whose destruction in Havana, Cuba, in 1898 precipitated the Spanish–American War.


title: List of consorts of Tuscany section title: Titular Grand Duchesses, 1868–2013 hierarchical section title: List of consorts of Tuscany / Grand Duchess of Tuscany / Titular Grand Duchesses, 1868–2013 caption attribution description: María Cristina de Borbón-Dos Sicilias (1877-1947), princesa de las Dos Sicilias, princesa de Toscana y archiduquesa de Austria, casada con el archiduque Pedro Fernando de Austria-Toscana. content: The Grand Duchy of Tuscany was founded in 1569. It succeeded the Duchy of Florence. The grand duchy was initially ruled by the House of Medici, until their extinction in 1737. The grand duchy passed to the House of Lorraine, and then, to its cadet branch, the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. The House of Habsburg Lorraine ruled Tuscany from 1765–1801, and then 1814–1859.
A reigning grand duchess was styled:
Her Highness The Grand Duchess of Tuscany
Her Royal Highness The Most Serene Grand Duchess of Tuscany
Her Imperial Majesty Holy Roman Empress, the Queen of Hungary and Bohemia, the Archduchess of Austria, the Most Serene Grand Duchess of Tuscany, etc.
Her Royal Highness The Most Serene Grand Duchess of Tuscany, Archduchess of Austria, etc.
Her Imperial and Royal Highness The Most Serene Grand Duchess of Tuscany, Archduchess of Austria, etc.


title: Yusuf Gowon section title: Early career and invasion of 1972 hierarchical section title: Yusuf Gowon / Biography / Military service / Early career and invasion of 1972 caption reference description: Gowon rose to power under President Idi Amin (pictured). caption attribution description: English: Amin in military fatigues, April 1977 English: Cropped portrait of Idi Ain content: Yusuf Gowon is an Ugandan retired military officer who served as chief of staff for the Uganda Army during the dictatorship of Idi Amin. Originally a farmer, Gowon quickly rose in the ranks of the military due to a combination of happenstance and his skills in politics. Compared with other high-ranking officials of Amin's regime, he was regarded as humane; nevertheless, he was probably involved in some political murders. His appointment as chief of staff was mostly owed to the fact that he was regarded by President Amin as loyal, not ambitious, and of no threat to his own rule. Gowon's lack of talent for tactics and strategy came to the fore when the Uganda–Tanzania War broke out in 1978, and his leadership of the Uganda Army during this conflict was extensively criticised. Many of his comrades and subordinates even blamed him for Uganda's defeat in the conflict with Tanzania. When Amin's regime began collapsing in 1979 and his own soldiers intended to murder him, Gowon fled Uganda.
He subsequently settled in Zaire where he worked as businessman. Unlike many of his former comrades, Gowon did not join any insurgent group during his exile.


title: List of National Historic Landmarks in Massachusetts section title: National Historic Landmarks hierarchical section title: List of National Historic Landmarks in Massachusetts / National Historic Landmarks caption attribution description: Photograph of Percy W. Bridgman House, 10 Buckingham Place, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. caption alt text description: A brown 2 1/2 story house with red shutters. content: The Commonwealth of Massachusetts has a total of 188 National Historic Landmarks within its borders. This is the second highest statewide total in the United States after New York, which has 256. Of the Massachusetts NHLs, 57 are in the state capital of Boston, and are listed separately. Ten of the remaining 131 designations were made when the NHL program was formally inaugurated on October 9, 1960; the most recent was for the Brookline Reservoir of the Cochituate Aqueduct in Brookline in 2015. Cambridge is the city with the most NHLs outside Boston, and Middlesex County is home to 43 NHLs. Every county in the state has at least one NHL.
The state's NHLs were chosen for a diversity of reasons. Some of the nation's oldest surviving structures are included: a number of 17th-century houses are listed, including the Fairbanks House of Dedham, which is the oldest timber-frame house in the nation. The Old Ship Church of Hingham is the nation's oldest church still used for religious purposes, and Cole's Hill in Plymouth was used in 1620 has a burial ground for the Plymouth Colony.


title: History of the Falkland Islands section title: Early colonisation hierarchical section title: History of the Falkland Islands / Early colonisation caption reference description: John Byron, by Joshua Reynolds, 1759. caption attribution description: Vice-Admiral The Hon. John Byron content: The history of the Falkland Islands goes back at least five hundred years, with active exploration and colonisation only taking place in the 18th century. Nonetheless, the Falkland Islands have been a matter of controversy, as they have been claimed by the French, British, Spaniards and Argentines at various points.
The islands were uninhabited when discovered by Europeans. France established a colony on the islands in 1764. In 1765, a British captain claimed the islands for Britain. In early 1770 a Spanish commander arrived from Argentina with five ships and 1,400 soldiers forcing the British to leave Port Egmont. Britain and Spain almost went to war over the islands, but the British government decided that it should withdraw its presence from many overseas settlements in 1774. Spain, which had a garrison at Puerto Soledad on East Falklands, administered the garrison from Montevideo until 1811 when it was compelled to withdraw by pressures resulting from the Peninsular War. In 1833, the British returned to the Falkland Islands. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that forced the Argentines to surrender.


title: Stamford, Queensland hierarchical section title: Stamford, Queensland caption reference description: The Kennedy Developmental Road seen at Stamford Roadhouse caption attribution description: The Kennedy Developmental Rd at Stamford Roadhouse in Qld - seemed to go forever and no fuel or food on it. content: Stamford is a town and locality in the Shire of Flinders in northern Queensland, Australia.


title: Lakerda hierarchical section title: Lakerda caption reference description: Lakerda caption attribution description: English: "Lakerda" de hamsi (Turkish: Black Sea anchovies). Normally lakerda is made of bonito but in times of lack of fish and creative cuisine, everything is possible. content: Lakerda is a pickled bonito dish eaten as a mezze in the Balkans and Middle East. Lakerda made from one-year-old bonito migrating through the Bosphorus is especially prized.


title: Issaquah Valley Trolley section title: History hierarchical section title: Issaquah Valley Trolley / History caption reference description: Restored ex-Lisbon car 519 crossing Front Street in 2014 caption attribution description: English: Issaquah Valley Trolley car 519 crossing Front Street, in downtown Issaquah, while southbound. Car 519 is ex-Lisbon (Portugal) No. 519 and was built in kit form by the American J. G. Brill Company and assembled in Portugal in 1925. content: The Issaquah Valley Trolley is a heritage streetcar line in Issaquah, Washington, United States. It is a project of the Issaquah History Museums. The IVT operates from the Issaquah Depot Museum building located at 78 First Ave, NE. The service operated on a trial basis in 2001–02 and has operated on a regular basis, seasonally, since 2012.


title: Orrville, Ohio hierarchical section title: Orrville, Ohio caption reference description: Location of Orrville in Wayne County caption attribution description: English: Map of the municipal and township boundaries of Wayne County, Ohio, United States, as of the 2000 census, with the location of the city of Orrville highlighted. Township borders are shown only in unincorporated areas in order to differentiate incorporated and unincorporated areas more clearly. caption alt text description: Location of Orrville in Wayne County content: Orrville is a city in Wayne County, Ohio, United States. It is about 9 miles east of Wooster and 20 miles southwest of Akron. The population was 8,380 at the 2010 census.
The J.M. Smucker Co., owner of the Smucker's brand, is headquartered in Orrville.


title: Weston-super-Mare section title: Education hierarchical section title: Weston-super-Mare / Education caption reference description: Weston College's Knightstone Campus caption attribution description: The main Knighstone Campus of Weston College, Weston-super-Mare, North Somerset, England. content: Weston-super-Mare, also known as Weston, is a seaside town in Somerset, England. It is part of the unitary authority of North Somerset. It lies by the Bristol Channel 18 miles south west of Bristol between Worlebury Hill and Bleadon Hill. It includes the suburbs of Oldmixon, West Wick and Worle. Its population at the 2011 census was 76,143. Since 1983, Weston has been twinned with Hildesheim in Germany.
The local area has been occupied since the Iron Age. It was still a small village until the 19th century when it developed as a seaside resort. A railway station and two piers were built. In the second half of the 20th century it was connected to the M5 motorway but tourism declined and some local industries closed.
Attractions include the Helicopter Museum, Weston Museum, and the Grand Pier. Cultural venues include The Playhouse, the Winter Gardens and the Blakehay Theatre.
The Bristol Channel has a large tidal range; the low tide mark in Weston Bay is about 1 mile from the seafront. The beach is sandy but low tide reveals areas of thick mud which are very dangerous to walk on. The mouth of the River Axe is at the south end of the beach.


title: Thomas Gage section title: Governor of Massachusetts Bay hierarchical section title: Thomas Gage / Governor of Massachusetts Bay caption reference description: Margaret Kemble Gage, c. 1771. She was suspected by some of her contemporaries and by later historians of harbouring sympathies for the Patriot cause, and of supplying intelligence to Patriot leaders.[61] caption attribution description: Portrait of Margaret Kemble Gage content: General Thomas Gage was a British Army general officer and colonial official best known for his many years of service in North America, including his role as British commander-in-chief in the early days of the American Revolution.
Being born to an aristocratic family in England, he entered military service, seeing action in the French and Indian War, where he served alongside his future opponent George Washington in the 1755 Battle of the Monongahela. After the fall of Montreal in 1760, he was named its military governor. During this time he did not distinguish himself militarily, but proved himself to be a competent administrator.
From 1763 to 1775 he served as commander-in-chief of the British forces in North America, overseeing the British response to the 1763 Pontiac's Rebellion. In 1774 he was also appointed the military governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, with instructions to implement the Intolerable Acts, punishing Massachusetts for the Boston Tea Party. His attempts to seize military stores of Patriot militias in April 1775 sparked the Battles of Lexington and Concord, beginning the American Revolutionary War.


title: Action Against Hunger hierarchical section title: Action Against Hunger caption attribution description: English: New logo content: Action Against Hunger is a global humanitarian organization which originated in France and is committed to ending world hunger. The organization helps malnourished children and provides communities with access to safe water and sustainable solutions to hunger.
In 2019, Action Against Hunger worked in 51 different countries around the world with more than 6,000 employees and volunteers helping 13.6 million people in need.
Established in 1979 by a group of French doctors, scientists, and writers. Nobel Prize-winning physicist Alfred Kastler served as the organization's first chairman.
The group initially provided assistance to Afghan refugees in Pakistan, famine-stricken Ugandan communities, and Cambodian refugees in Thailand. It expanded to address additional humanitarian concerns in Africa, the Middle East, Southeast Asia, the Balkans and elsewhere during the 1980s and 1990s. Action Against Hunger's Scientific Committee pioneered the therapeutic milk formula, now used by all major humanitarian aid organizations to treat acute malnutrition.


title: Islay District hierarchical section title: Islay District caption reference description: Main square in Islay caption attribution description: Español: Plaza Mayor - Miguel Grau - Distrito de Islay caption alt text description: Main square in Islay content: Islay District is one of six districts of the province Islay in Peru.


title: Groningen Airport Eelde section title: 1960s–1970s hierarchical section title: Groningen Airport Eelde / History / 1960s–1970s caption reference description: An NLM Fokker F.27 Friendship on a national flight in March 1967 showing the terminal and facilities caption attribution description: English: NLM Fokker F.27 PH-KFA at Groningen Airport in 1967 content: Groningen Airport Eelde is a minor international airport in the northeastern Netherlands. It is located near Eelde in the Province of Drenthe, 4.8 nautical miles south of the City of Groningen in the Province of Groningen. In 2015, the airport handled 220,710 passengers. The airport is also the home base of the KLM Flight Academy, Noord Nederlandse Aero Club and General Enterprises.
The airport started under the name "Hakenkampsveld" in 1928 and was officially opened in 1931. It was renamed "Luchthaven Eelde" in 1933. During World War II, the German military occupied the airport. Since 1958, there have been European destinations from the airport. Since 1988, the airport has been called Groningen Airport Eelde.


title: The Yew Tree Ball section title: Gallery hierarchical section title: The Yew Tree Ball / Gallery caption attribution description: Madame de Pompadour (1722–1764), mistress of Louis XV, represented as Diana the Huntress content: The Yew Tree Ball was a masked ball. It was held in the Hall of Mirrors at Versailles on the night of 25-26 February 1745. Fifteen thousand people waited in the Hercules Room for the ball to begin. King Louis XV and several of his gentlemen courtiers attended dressed as topiary yew trees. The ball is notorious for being the venue in which the king made contact with Jeanne-Antoinette Poisson. He had first seen her while hunting at Senart. On 14 September 1745, Poisson was officially presented to the Court as the Marquise de Pompadour. She was the king’s official mistress until her death in 1764.


title: Yoshihide Suga section title: Chief Cabinet Secretary hierarchical section title: Yoshihide Suga / Political career / Chief Cabinet Secretary caption reference description: Suga (right) shaking hands with U.S. Trade Representative Michael Froman in 2013 caption attribution description: TOKYO, Japan (August 19, 2013) United States Trade Representative Michael Froman meets with Japan’s Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga [State Department photo by William Ng/Public Domain] content: Yoshihide Suga is a Japanese politician who currently serves as Chief Cabinet Secretary, a position he has held since December 2012; he has the longest tenure in this post in Japanese history. He has represented the Kanagawa 2nd district in the House of Representatives since 1996, and previously served as Minister of Internal Affairs and Communications in the cabinet of Shinzō Abe from September 2006 to August 2007. He is a member of the Liberal Democratic Party.


title: Lilian Fowler hierarchical section title: Lilian Fowler caption attribution description: Alderman Lilian Fowler JP Mayor of Newtown c. 1938, the first female mayor in Australia. content: Elizabeth Lilian Maud Fowler MBE, JP was an Australian politician. She was Australia's first female mayor, serving as mayor of Newtown, New South Wales, from 1937 to 1939. She later represented the seat of Newtown in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1944 to 1950. She had a long involvement with the Lang Labor faction of the Australian Labor Party, which had evolved into a separate party by the time of her election to parliament.


title: History of China section title: Republic of China (since 1912) hierarchical section title: History of China / Modern China / Republic of China (since 1912) caption reference description: Beijing college students rallied during the May Fourth Movement, dissatisfied with Article 156 of the Treaty of Versailles for China (Shandong Problem). caption attribution description: 中文: 立北京大学的游行队伍 English: Protestors at the May Fourth Movement, dissatisfied with Article 156 of the Treaty of Versailles for China (Shandong Problem). content: The earliest known written records of the history of China date from as early as 1250 BC, from the Shang dynasty, during the king Wu Ding's reign, who was mentioned as the twenty-first Shang king by the same. Ancient historical texts such as the Book of Documents, the Records of the Grand Historian and the Bamboo Annals mention and describe a Xia dynasty before the Shang, but no writing is known from the period, and Shang writings do not indicate the existence of the Xia. The Shang ruled in the Yellow River valley, which is commonly held to be the cradle of Chinese civilization. However, Neolithic civilizations originated at various cultural centers along both the Yellow River and Yangtze River. These Yellow River and Yangtze civilizations arose millennia before the Shang. With thousands of years of continuous history, China is one of the world's oldest civilizations, and is regarded as one of the cradles of civilization.
The Zhou dynasty supplanted the Shang, and introduced the concept of the Mandate of Heaven to justify their rule.


title: Thamserku hierarchical section title: Thamserku caption reference description: Thamserku, view from Khumjung caption attribution description: Thamserku from Khumjung village, Nepal content: Thamserku is a mountain in the Himalayas of eastern Nepal. The mountain is connected by a ridge leading eastward to Kangtega. Thamserku is a prominent mountain to the east of Namche Bazaar and lies just north of Kusum Kangguru.
The first ascent was made in 1964 from the south by members of Edmund Hillary's Schoolhouse Expedition: Lynn Crawford, Pete Farrell, John McKinnon and Richard Stewart. Below the basin on the southwest face, they reached the south ridge after climbing a difficult couloir. The team described the climb as difficult and the route has not been repeated in its entirety by anyone else. In 2014, Russian climbers Alexander Gukov and Alexey Lonchinskiy made the first ascent on the southwest face.


title: Mladost, Sofia section title: Economy hierarchical section title: Mladost, Sofia / Economy caption reference description: Small part of the business buildings in Mladost caption attribution description: English: A small part of the business centers in Mladost content: Mladost is a district of Sofia. It is one of the most modern and fast developing areas in the city. As of 2012 it has 114,887 inhabitants which makes it the second-most-populous district in the capital, situated in the south-east end of Sofia, between Druzhba and Vitosha mountain. The largest business complex in Bulgaria is situated in the south end: Business Park Sofia. Mladost is among the safest and cleanest districts of Sofia. In May 2011 it became one of the first neighbourhoods of Sofia to have a complete cycling route of more than 8 km.


title: Swabian War section title: Course of the war hierarchical section title: Swabian War / Course of the war caption reference description: The fortified tower of the church of Thayngen is blown up by the Swabian knights. The defenders jump for their lives, while the village goes up in flames. (Luzerner Schilling). caption attribution description: English: The storm of the fortified church of Thayngen on July 25, 1499 during the Swabian War. (Luzerner Schilling, 1513) content: The Swabian War of 1499 was the last major armed conflict between the Old Swiss Confederacy and the House of Habsburg. What had begun as a local conflict over the control of the Val Müstair and the Umbrail Pass in the Grisons soon got out of hand when both parties called upon their allies for help; the Habsburgs demanding the support of the Swabian League, and the Federation of the Three Leagues of the Grisons turning to the Swiss Eidgenossenschaft. Hostilities quickly spread from the Grisons through the Rhine valley to Lake Constance and even to the Sundgau in southern Alsace, the westernmost part of Habsburg Further Austria.
Many battles were fought from January to July 1499, and in all but a few minor skirmishes, the experienced Swiss soldiers defeated the Swabian and Habsburg armies. After their victories in the Burgundian Wars, the Swiss had battle tested troops and commanders.


title: Kakabona hierarchical section title: Kakabona caption reference description: Eden Bay Beach Panorama at Kakabona caption attribution description: English: Panorama photo of Eden Bay Beach facing Honiara in Kakabona caption alt text description: Eden Bay Beach Panorama at Kakabona content: Kakabona is a peri-urban suburb on the fringe of Honiara, Solomon Islands and is located 4 kilometres west of the main center and west of White River on the Tandai Highway. Kakabona borders the Honiara City Council ward of Nggosi. Refugees from Bouganville settled following the conflict.
Kakabona is East of Tanaghai and West of White River.


title: Tres Palacios Bay hierarchical section title: Tres Palacios Bay caption reference description: Tres Palacios Bay as viewed from a porch in Palacios. caption attribution description: Tres Palacios Bay, part of Matagorda Bay. Photo taken from the porch of the Peaceful Pelican B&B in Palacios, TX. content: Tres Palacios Bay is a northeastern extension of Matagorda Bay on the Texas coast in Matagorda County. It is fed by the Tres Palacios River. The city of Palacios is located on its shores. A channel that connects Palacios to the Intracoastal Waterway has been dredged through the bay.


title: Mohave II hierarchical section title: Mohave II caption reference description: Mohave II at Yuma, Arizona, with Sunday school group embarked, 1876.[1] caption attribution description: English: Sternwheeler Mohave No. 2, at Yuma, Arizona, with Sunday school group embarked, 1876. content: Mohave, the second stern-wheel steamboat of that name running on the Colorado River for the Colorado Steam Navigation Company between 1876 and 1875. It was the first and only double smokestack steamboat to run on the river.


title: Vashon Odd Fellows Hall hierarchical section title: Vashon Odd Fellows Hall caption reference description: Photo in 2009 caption attribution description: English: Former Odd Fellows Hall, now Blue Heron Art Center, 17601 Vashon Highway SW, Vashon, Washington. Listed as a King County landmark. content: The Vashon Odd Fellows Hall, on Vashon Island, Washington, was built in 1912.
It was designated a King County and/or local landmark in 1985


title: Military dictatorship of Chile (1973–1990) section title: Economy and free market reforms hierarchical section title: Military dictatorship of Chile (1973–1990) / Economy and free market reforms caption reference description: Estadio Nacional de Chile as a concentration camp after the coup. caption attribution description: Español: En 1973, luego del Golpe de Estado del 11 de septiembre que derrocó al presidente Salvador Allende, se utilizaron las instalaciones del Estadio Nacional como centro de detención y torturas a partir del 12 de septiembre de 1973. En el recinto pasaron en calidad de detenidos más de cuarenta mil personas. Imagen del libro Chile: el pueblo vencerá de Alcira de la Peña. Ed. Fundamentos, Buenos Aires, 1974 content: The military dictatorship of Chile was a right-wing authoritarian military regime that ruled Chile for seventeen years, between September 11, 1973 and March 11, 1990. The dictatorship was established after the democratically-elected socialist government of Salvador Allende was overthrown in a US-backed coup d'état on 11 September 1973. During this time, the country was ruled by a military junta headed by General Augusto Pinochet. The military used the alleged breakdown of democracy and the economic crisis that took place during Allende's presidency to justify its seizure of power. The dictatorship presented its mission as a "national reconstruction." The coup was the result of multiple forces, including pressure from conservative and women's groups, certain political parties, union strikes and other domestic unrest, as well as international factors. According to an article written by lifelong CIA operative Jack Devine, although it was widely reported that the CIA was directly involved in orchestrating and carrying out the coup, subsequently released sources suggest a much reduced role of the US government.


title: Albanian Americans section title: History hierarchical section title: Albanian Americans / History caption reference description: Paterson, New Jersey is home to the second largest Albanian American population, after New York City. caption attribution description: English: Downtown Paterson content: Albanian Americans are Americans of full or partial Albanian ancestry and heritage in the United States. They trace their ancestry to the territories with a large Albanian population in the Balkans among others to Albania, Italy, Kosovo, North Macedonia and Montenegro. They are adherents of different religions and are predominantly Muslims, Christians as well as Irreligious.
In 2012, there were 203,600 American citizens of Albanian descent living in the United States, mostly in the Northeast and the Great Lakes region. In 1990, there were 47,710 Albanians. The figure includes all people affiliated with United States who claim Albanian ancestry, both those born in the country and naturalized citizens, as well as those with dual citizenship who affiliate themselves with both cultures. According to data from a 2008 survey by the United States government, there are 201,118 Americans of full or partial Albanian descent.


title: 2012 United States House of Representatives elections section title: Ohio hierarchical section title: 2012 United States House of Representatives elections / Ohio caption reference description: Ohio's results content: The 2012 United States House of Representatives elections were held on November 6, 2012. It coincided with the reelection of President Barack Obama. Elections were held for all 435 seats representing the 50 U.S. states and also for the delegates from the District of Columbia and five major U.S. territories. The winners of this election cycle served in the 113th United States Congress. This was the first congressional election using districts drawn up based on the 2010 United States Census.
Although Democratic candidates received a nationwide plurality of more than 1.4 million votes in all House elections, the Republican Party won a 33-seat advantage in the state-apportioned totals, thus retaining its House majority by 17 seats. Democrats had picked up 27 seats, enough to win back control of the House, but most of these gains were canceled out due to Republican gains as well as reapportionment, leaving the Democrats with a net gain of eight seats.


title: New York State Route 55 section title: Wawarsing to Tuthilltown hierarchical section title: New York State Route 55 / Route description / Ulster County / Wawarsing to Tuthilltown caption reference description: View of Catskills from Routes 44/55 in Shawangunks caption attribution description: English: A scenic view of the Catskills from US 44 and NY 55 along the Shawangunk Ridge east of Kerhonkson. caption alt text description: A two-lane road gently curves upward from the picture into a wooded area at right. Beyond is a line of distant mountains, green under a blue sky content: New York State Route 55 is a 122.45-mile-long east-west state highway in southern New York, running from the Pennsylvania state line at the Delaware River in Barryville to the Connecticut state line at Wingdale. It is the only other state highway beside NY 7 to completely cross the state, from border to border, in an east–west direction, although NY 17 does so and is partially east–west. It also forms a concurrency when it joins US 44 for 33 miles.
Together with NY 52, which it closely parallels and briefly joins in downtown Liberty, it forms the latitudinal backbone of the Hudson Valley region for non-interstate traffic. It offers the traveler a wide variety of landscapes, from farmlands, mountains and forests to the urban center of Poughkeepsie. Sights along the way include two of New York City's major reservoirs in the Catskills, a dramatic crossing of the Shawangunk Ridge, and the Mid-Hudson Bridge.


title: Affiliated Senior High School of National Kaohsiung Normal University hierarchical section title: Affiliated Senior High School of National Kaohsiung Normal University caption reference description: Affiliated Senior High School of National Kaohsiung Normal University caption attribution description: English: The Affiliated Senior High School of National Kaohsiung Normal University 中文（繁體）: 國立高雄師範大學附屬高級中學，位於臺灣高雄市苓雅區凱旋二路89號。 content: The Affiliated Senior High School of National Kaohsiung Normal University is a public high school located in Lingya District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. It has eight classes per grades for senior high level, four classes per grades for junior high, and one class per grades for elementary students. The campus of the school is enclosed by National Kaohsiung Normal University. At the present, NKNUASHS is one of the top high schools of Kaohsiung City.


title: Lake Tana section title: Overview hierarchical section title: Lake Tana / Overview caption reference description: A resort hotel on Lake Tana in Bahir Dar caption attribution description: English: A resort hotel in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia content: Lake Tana is the source of the Blue Nile and is the largest lake in Ethiopia. Located in Amhara Region in the north-western Ethiopian Highlands, the lake is approximately 84 kilometres long and 66 kilometres wide, with a maximum depth of 15 metres, and an elevation of 1,788 metres. Lake Tana is fed by the Gilgel Abay, Reb and Gumara rivers. Its surface area ranges from 3,000 to 3,500 square kilometres, depending on season and rainfall. The lake level has been regulated since the construction of the control weir where the lake discharges into the Blue Nile. This controls the flow to the Blue Nile Falls and hydro-power station.
In 2015, the Lake Tana region was nominated as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve recognizing its national and international natural and cultural importance.


title: Attributed arms section title: History hierarchical section title: Attributed arms / History caption reference description: Arthur as one of the Nine Worthies, tapestry, c. 1385 caption attribution description: English: King Arthur as one of the Nine Worthies, detail from the "Christian Heroes Tapestry" in The Cloisters, New York. Dated c. 1385. "Arthur among the Nine Worthies is always identified by three crowns, which signify regality, on his standard, his shield, or his robe." -- Geoffrey Ashe, The Quest for Arthur's Britain [Praeger, 1969]. content: Attributed arms are Western European coats of arms given retrospectively to persons real or fictitious who died before the start of the age of heraldry in the latter half of the 12th century. Arms were assigned to the knights of the Round Table, and then to biblical figures, to Roman and Greek heroes, and to kings and popes who had not historically borne arms. Each author could attribute different arms for the same person, but the arms for major figures soon became fixed.
Notable arms attributed to biblical figures include the arms of Jesus based on the instruments of the Passion, and the shield of the Trinity. Medieval literature attributed coats of arms to the Nine Worthies, including Alexander the Great, Julius Caesar, and King Arthur. Arms were given to many kings predating heraldry, including Edward the Confessor and William I of England. These attributed arms were sometimes used in practice as quarterings in the arms of their descendants.


title: Petit Rocher station hierarchical section title: Petit Rocher station caption reference description: The Via Rail flagstop station in Petit Rocher, New Brunswick, Canada. Photographed in early August 2006. caption attribution description: English: The Via Rail flagstop station in Petit Rocher, New Brunswick, Canada. content: The Petit Rocher station is a flag stop Via Rail station in the village of Petit Rocher, New Brunswick, Canada. Petit Rocher is served by Via Rail's Montreal–Halifax train, the Ocean.


title: Them Crooked Vultures section title: Beginnings and Them Crooked Vultures (2005–2009) hierarchical section title: Them Crooked Vultures / History / Beginnings and Them Crooked Vultures (2005–2009) caption reference description: Grohl performing with Them Crooked Vultures in August 2009 caption attribution description: English: Dave Grohl at the drum kit playing with Them Crooked Vultures @ Pukkelpop 2009 20 August content: Them Crooked Vultures is an American-English rock supergroup formed in Los Angeles in 2009 by Josh Homme on lead vocals and guitar, John Paul Jones on bass and keyboards, and Dave Grohl on drums and backing vocals. The group also includes guitarist Alain Johannes during live performances.
The band began recording in February 2009, and performed its first gig in Chicago on August 9, 2009, followed by a European debut on August 19. On October 1, the group embarked on the worldwide Deserve the Future Tour with dates going into 2010. The band's first single "New Fang" was released in October 2009, followed by its self-titled debut album the following month, which debuted at No. 12 on the Billboard 200. The group won the 2011 Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock Performance for "New Fang".


title: 601st Air Operations Center hierarchical section title: 601st Air Operations Center caption reference description: 601st Air Operations Center Emblem caption attribution description: 601st Air and Space Operations Center emblem content: The 601st Air Operations Center plans, directs, and assesses air operations for the North American Aerospace Defense Command, and the United States Northern Command. It provides aerospace warning and control for NORAD Defensive Counter Air activities. It also directs Air Force activities in support of NORTHCOM homeland security and civil support missions. The 601 AOC directs all air sovereignty activities for the continental United States.
The 601st Air & Space Operations Center was activated on 1 November 2007 at Tyndall. The DAF/A1M letter directing this action was dated 25 October 2007, and is almost certainly the date of the center's constitution. Other Air Operations Centers dropped the "space" from their name in late 2014. Simultaneous with the center's activation, the 701st Air Defense Squadron, 1st Information Operations Flight, and Air Forces Northern, Provisional, were all inactivated. They would appear to be the sources for the center's personnel and equipment.


title: History of the University of Maryland, College Park section title: The Great Fire of 1912 hierarchical section title: History of the University of Maryland, College Park / The Great Fire of 1912 caption reference description: Plaque showing the original layout of campus before the Great Fire. caption attribution description: English: Plaque showcasing the original campus of the University of Maryland, College Park before the Great Fire of 1912. content: The history of the University of Maryland, College Park began in 1856, when the Maryland Agricultural College was chartered. The state took complete control of the school in 1916, and consequently the institution was renamed Maryland State College. In a massive 1988 restructuring of the state higher education system, the school was designated as the flagship campus of the newly formed University of Maryland System and was formally named University of Maryland, College Park.


title: Ancient Greek warfare section title: Hoplite hierarchical section title: Ancient Greek warfare / Military structure and methods in ancient Greece / Hoplite caption reference description: A hoplite armed with an aspis and a doru. nb: it is usually agreed that the doru could not be used two-handed with the aspis. caption attribution description: English: An ancient Greek hoplite. From a map created by the Department of History, United States Military Academy, West Point. content: Warfare occurred throughout the history of Ancient Greece, from the Greek Dark Ages onward. The Greek 'Dark Age' drew to a close as a significant increase in population allowed urbanized culture to be restored, which
led to the rise of the city-states. These developments ushered in the period of Archaic Greece. They also restored the capability of organized warfare between these Poleis. The fractious nature of Ancient Greek society seems to have made continuous conflict on this larger scale inevitable.
Along with the rise of the city-state evolved a new style of warfare: the hoplite phalanx. Hoplites were armored infantryman, armed with spears and shields, and the phalanx was a formation of these soldiers with their shields locked together and spears pointed forward. The Chigi vase, dated to around 650 BC, is the earliest depiction of a hoplite in full battle array. With this evolution in warfare, battles seem to have consisted mostly of the clash of hoplite phalanxes from the city-states in conflict. Since the soldiers were citizens with other occupations, warfare was limited in distance, season and scale.


title: Franklin Township, Warren County, Ohio hierarchical section title: Franklin Township, Warren County, Ohio caption reference description: Location of Franklin Township in Warren County caption attribution description: English: Map of the municipal and township boundaries of Warren County, Ohio, United States, as of the 2000 census, with the location of Franklin Township highlighted. Township borders are shown only in unincorporated areas in order to differentiate incorporated and unincorporated areas more clearly. caption alt text description: Location of Franklin Township in Warren County content: Franklin Township, one of the eleven townships of Warren County, Ohio, United States, is in the northwest corner of the county. It is the most populous township in the county: the 2000 census found 27,294 people there, down from 27,510 in 1990; of this total, 9,947 lived in the unincorporated portions of the township.


title: Demographics of Estonia section title: Religion hierarchical section title: Demographics of Estonia / Religion caption reference description: Religious people in Estonia caption attribution description: English: Share of religious people in Estonia by locality content: The demographics of Estonia in the twenty-first century result from historical trends over more than a thousand years, as with most European countries, but have been disproportionately influenced by events in the last half of the twentieth century. The rise and fall of the Soviet Union, including the annexation and eventual independence of Estonia, has had a major effect on Estonia's ethnic makeup and educational achievement.
Languages spoken in Estonia largely reflect the ethnic groups composing the country, and thus have changed with historical trends affecting the ethnic makeup of the country. Religion plays a small part in the lives of most Estonians, largely as a result of the Soviet occupation from 1944 to 1991.
Overall, the quality-of-life indices for Estonia indicate a modern industrial state. The population declined annually from 1991 until 2016, except for a brief pause in 2010. Since 2016 immigration has exceeded emigration, making the overall population grow.


title: Pennsylvania Route 372 section title: History hierarchical section title: Pennsylvania Route 372 / History caption reference description: PA 372 east through the borough of Atglen caption attribution description: English: Route 372 eastbound through the borough of Atglen, Pennsylvania. content: Pennsylvania Route 372 is an east–west highway in York, Lancaster, and Chester counties in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. Its western terminus is at PA 74 in Lower Chanceford Township north of Delta and west of Holtwood, and its eastern terminus is at PA 82 in Coatesville. PA 372 heads east from PA 74 in York County and crosses the Susquehanna River on the Norman Wood Bridge. The route continues through Lancaster County, intersecting PA 272 in Buck, U.S. Route 222 and PA 472 in Quarryville, and PA 896 in Georgetown. PA 372 crosses into Chester County and intersects PA 41 in Atglen and PA 10 in Parkesburg before continuing to Coatesville. PA 372 is a two-lane undivided road throughout its length.
In 1809, the state authorized for a road between Parkesburg and McCall's Ferry on the Susquehanna River. PA 372 was first designated in 1928 to run between McCall's Ferry and PA 41 in Christiana. PA 572 was designated from PA 372 in Christiana to PA 41 in Atglen. Another section of PA 572 was designated between PA 42 in Parkesburg and PA 82 in Coatesville by 1930; these two sections were linked in 1937. In the 1940s, PA 372 was rerouted to its current eastern terminus, replacing PA 572.


title: Hafelekarspitze section title: Location and landscape hierarchical section title: Hafelekarspitze / Location and landscape caption attribution description: Österreich, Innsbruck, Hafelekar, Seit 1931 befindet sich auf Initiative des österreichischen Nobelpreisträgers Victor Franz Hess hin eine Messstation zur Beobachtung der kosmischen Strahlung. Heute ist dort eine Messstelle der Medizinischen Universität Innsbruck für die Intensität der ultravioletten Strahlung untergebracht. content: The Hafelekarspitze is a mountain in the so-called North Chain north of Innsbruck in Austria.


title: USS Richmond (1860) section title: Capture of New Orleans hierarchical section title: USS Richmond (1860) / Capture of New Orleans caption reference description: Battle of Forts Jackson and St. Philip; Richmond is in the right foreground. caption attribution description: English: "The Splendid Naval Triumph on the Mississippi, April 24th, 1862" Colored lithograph, published by Currier & Ives, 1862. The original print bears the following descriptive text: "Destruction of the Rebel gunboats, rams and iron clad batteries by the Union Fleet under Flag Officer Farragut. The attack was commenced on the 18th of April and continued until the 25th resulting in the capture of Forts Jackson, St. Phillip, Livingston, Pike and the city of New Orleans, as well as the destruction of all the enemy gunboats, rams, floating batteries (iron clad), fire rafts, booms and chains. The enemy with their own hands destroying cotton and shipping valued at from eight to ten millions of dollars. 'The sight of this night attack was awfully grand, the river was lit up with blazing rafts filled with pine knots and the ships seemed to be fighting literally amidst flames and smoke.'". In this view, ships are identified as (starting at top left center, up the river, running down to the right, then across toward the left): Confederate steamers; USS Cayuga (leading the Union column), USS Pensacola, burning confederate steamer, USS Varuna, USS Oneida, USS Mississippi (engaging the ram Manassas), USS Richmond, USS Kineo, USS Hartford (flagship, in collision with a fire raft), USS Brooklyn and USS Winona. A Confederate fire raft is in the lower right. Fort St. Phillip is shown at right and Fort Jackson at left. Courtesy of the U.S. Navy Art Collection, Washington, D.C. content: USS Richmond was a wooden steam sloop in the United States Navy during the American Civil War.


title: SMS Pommern section title: Design hierarchical section title: SMS Pommern / Design caption reference description: Line-drawing of the Deutschland class caption attribution description: English: Line-drawing of the class Deutschland battleships. Italiano: Pianta e profilo delle navi della classe Deutschland content: SMS Pommern was one of five Deutschland-class pre-dreadnought battleships built for the Kaiserliche Marine between 1904 and 1906. Named after the Prussian province of Pomerania, she was built at the AG Vulcan yard at Stettin, Germany, where she was laid down on 22 March 1904 and launched on 2 December 1905. She was commissioned into the navy on 6 August 1907. The ship was armed with a battery of four 28 cm guns and had a top speed of 18 knots. The ships of her class were already outdated by the time they entered the service, being inferior in size, armor, firepower, and speed to the revolutionary new battleship HMS Dreadnought.
After commissioning, Pommern was assigned to II Battle Squadron of the High Seas Fleet, where she served throughout her peacetime career and the first two years of World War I. Before the war, the fleet was primarily occupied with cruises and extensive training exercises, developing strategic concepts for use in a future conflict. At the start of the war, Pommern and the rest of II Battle Squadron were tasked with supporting the defenses of the German Bight, and were stationed at the mouth of the Elbe.


title: Anne Murray section title: 1990s–2000s hierarchical section title: Anne Murray / Career / 1990s–2000s caption reference description: Murray (third from left) was one of 8 notable Canadians to carry the Olympic Flag at the 2010 Olympic Opening Ceremonies caption attribution description: The Olympic flag is carried into BC Place stadium during the Opening Ceremony of the XXI Olympic Winter Games, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, Feb. 12, 2010. Left to right, Betty Fox, mother of the late cancer activist Terry Fox; Jacques Villeneuve, the only Canadian race car driver to win both the Indianapolis 500 and Formula 1 world championship; four-time Grammy Award winning singer Anne Murray; Bobby Orr, National Hockey League legendary defenceman; Emmy-award winning actor Donald Sutherland; Barbara Ann Scott-King, 1948 Olympic figure skating gold medalist; Meritorious Service Cross recipient retired Canadian Lt. Gen. Romeo Dallaire, and Canadian astronaut Julie Payette are carrying the flag. content: Morna Anne Murray CC ONS is a Canadian singer. Her albums consisting primarily of pop, country, and adult contemporary music have sold over 55 million copies worldwide during her 40-year career.
Murray was the first Canadian female solo singer to reach No. 1 on the U.S. charts, and also the first to earn a Gold record for one of her signature songs, "Snowbird". She is often cited as one of the female Canadian artists who paved the way for other international Canadian success stories such as k.d. lang, Céline Dion, and Shania Twain. She is also the first woman and the first Canadian to win "Album of the Year" at the 1984 Country Music Association Awards for her Gold-plus 1983 album A Little Good News.
Murray has received four Grammys, a record 24 Junos, three American Music Awards, three Country Music Association Awards, and three Canadian Country Music Association Awards. She has been inducted into the Canadian Country Music Hall of Fame, the Juno Hall of Fame, The Canadian Songwriters Hall of Fame, and Canadian Broadcast Hall of Fame.


title: Union City, New Jersey section title: Commerce and economy hierarchical section title: Union City, New Jersey / Commerce and economy caption reference description: Transfer Station was once an interchange for trolleys and buses. caption attribution description: English: Transfer Station in Union City, New Jersey. It is formed by the intersection of Summit Avenue, 7th Street and Paterson Plank Road. This photo was created by Luigi Novi. It is not in the public domain, and use of this file outside of the licensing terms is a copyright violation. If you would like to use this image outside of the Wikimedia projects, you may do so, only if I am properly credited, either by linking the photograph to this page, or with an easily visible credit placed near the photo in each instance in which it is used. Please credit authorship as follows:  © Luigi Novi. Please maintain the original file name in all uses. You can see a gallery of some of my other photos here. If you have any questions, you can contact me by sending me an email or leaving a note at the bottom of my Wikipedia talk page. content: Union City is a city in the northern part of Hudson County, New Jersey, United States. According to the 2010 United States Census the city had a total population of 66,455, reflecting a decline of 633 from the 67,088 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 9,076 from the 58,012 counted in the 1990 Census. As of the 2010 Census it was the second most densely populated city in the United States, with a density of 51,810.1 per square mile.
Union City was incorporated as a city by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on June 1, 1925, with the merger of Union Hill and West Hoboken Township. The city's name marks the combination of the two municipalities.
Two major waves of immigration, first of German speakers and then of Spanish speakers, greatly influenced the development and character of Union City. Its two nicknames, "Embroidery Capital of the United States" and "Little Havana on the Hudson", reflect important aspects of that history. Thousands visit Union City each year to see the nation's longest-running passion play and the annual Cuban Day Parade of New Jersey.


title: Memorials and services for the September 11 attacks section title: Gallery hierarchical section title: Memorials and services for the September 11 attacks / Gallery caption attribution description: English: Fulton County 9/11 Memorial, located at the Fulton County Fairgrounds during Fair Week, which starts Labor Day weekend. content: The first memorials to the victims of the September 11 attacks in 2001 began to take shape online, as hundreds of webmasters posted their own thoughts, links to the Red Cross and other rescue agencies, photos, and eyewitness accounts. Numerous online September 11 memorials began appearing a few hours after the attacks, although many of these memorials were only temporary. Around the world, U.S. embassies and consulates became makeshift memorials as people came out to pay their respects.
The Tribute in Light was the first major physical memorial at the World Trade Center site. A permanent memorial and museum, the National September 11 Memorial & Museum at the World Trade Center, were built as part of the design for overall site redevelopment. The Memorial consists of two massive pools set within the original footprints of the Twin Towers with 30-foot waterfalls cascading down their sides. The names of the victims of the attacks are inscribed around the edges of the waterfalls. Other permanent memorials have been constructed around the world.
One of the places that saw many memorials and candlelight vigils was Pier A in Hoboken, New Jersey.


title: Bornacoola section title: Features hierarchical section title: Bornacoola / Features caption reference description: Ogham Stone plaque caption attribution description: English: Bord Failte plaque describing the Cloonmorris Ogham Stone, Cloonmorris church, Cloonmorris, County Leitrim, Ireland. content: Bornacoola is an Ecclesiastical parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ardagh and Clonmacnoise, Ireland. It is located at the southern extremity of County Leitrim in the civil parish of Mohill. Some of its townlands lie in neighbouring County Longford. The nearest large towns are Longford and Carrick-on-Shannon.


title: La Galatea hierarchical section title: La Galatea caption attribution description: Español: Primera página de la primera edición del libro La Galatea de Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra. Publicada en 1585, en la imprenta de Juan Gracián, en Alcalá de Henares. English: Title Page of the First Edition of Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra’s La Galatea caption alt text description: Cervantes' La Galatea (1585), original title page content: La Galatea was Miguel de Cervantes’ first book, published in 1585. Under the guise of pastoral characters, it is an examination of love and contains many allusions to contemporary literary figures. It enjoyed a modest success, but was not soon reprinted; its promised sequel was never published, and presumably never written.


title: Seini hierarchical section title: Seini caption attribution description: English: coat of arms of Seini/Szinérváralja, Romania caption alt text description: Coat of arms of Seini content: Seini is a town in Maramureș County, Romania. It administers two villages, Săbișa and Viile Apei.


title: List of active gas fired power stations in the United Kingdom section title: List of active gas power stations hierarchical section title: List of active gas fired power stations in the United Kingdom / List of active gas power stations caption attribution description: English: Connah's Quay power station content: There are currently 32 active gas fired combined cycle power plants operating in the United Kingdom, which have a total generating capacity of 30.2GW.


title: Iron Age Greek migrations section title: The Dorian Invasion of the Peloponnese hierarchical section title: Iron Age Greek migrations / Movements within mainland Greece / The Dorian Invasion of the Peloponnese caption reference description: Hypothetical diagram of population movements within Greece caption attribution description: Distribution of the Hellenic races, 1000 to 800 B.C. content: The Iron Age Greek migrations were effected by a population of émigrés from amidst the displacements and reconstruction that occurred in Greece proper from the middle of the 11th century to end of the 9th century BCE. These movements resulted in the settlement of the Aegean islands, Cyprus, Crete and the western coast of Asia Minor and the founding of new cities which afterwards became centers of the Greek civilization. The migrations were effected in consecutive waves by tribal groupings known as the Aeolic, Ionian, Doric and Achaean migrations. These movements differed from the Greek colonisation of the Archaic period in that they were more ad hoc affairs instead of the result of a planned process of colonisation on the part of the mother city, and they are less well-documented historically, often with a mythologized or semi-legendary leader such as Hercules or Orestes being recorded as the leader of the colonists.


title: List of birds of Florida section title: Southern storm-petrels hierarchical section title: List of birds of Florida / Southern storm-petrels caption reference description: Wilson's storm-petrel caption attribution description: Wilson's Storm-petrel, Oceanites oceanicus, Location: Gulf Stream off of Hatteras, North Carolina, United States content: This list of birds of Florida includes species documented in the U.S. state of Florida and accepted by the Florida Ornithological Society Records Committee. As of December 31, 2018, there were 525 species included in the official list. Of them, 159 species and eight identifiable subspecies are classed as accidental, 14 have been introduced to North America, four are extinct, and one has been extirpated. More than 100 "verifiable...exotic species [are] found free-flying in the wild" according to the FOSRC.
This list is presented in the taxonomic sequence of the Check-list of North and Middle American Birds, 7th edition through the 61st Supplement, published by the American Ornithological Society. Common and scientific names are also those of the Check-list, except that the common names of families are from the Clements taxonomy because the AOS list does not include them.
The following status codes have been used to annotate some species:
Accidental - a species that occurs rarely or accidentally in Florida, and for which the FOSRC requests a full report for verification


title: Iron Brigade section title: History hierarchical section title: Iron Brigade / History caption attribution description: English: This is a photo of the Iron Brigade Monument in the Gettysburg National Military Park which is located in the vicinity where the Brigade first became engaged with the Confederate Army on the first day of the Battle of Gettysburg. content: The Iron Brigade, also known as The Black Hats, Black Hat Brigade, Iron Brigade of the West, and originally King's Wisconsin Brigade was an infantry brigade in the Union Army of the Potomac during the American Civil War. Although it fought entirely in the Eastern Theater, it was composed of regiments from three Western states that are now within the region of the Midwest. Noted for its strong discipline, its unique uniform appearance and its tenacious fighting ability, the Iron Brigade suffered the highest percentage of casualties of any brigade in the war.
The nickname "Iron Brigade", with its connotation of fighting men with iron dispositions, was applied formally or informally to a number of units in the Civil War and in later conflicts. The Iron Brigade of the West was the unit that received the most lasting publicity in its use of the nickname.


title: University of Waterloo Faculty of Mathematics hierarchical section title: University of Waterloo Faculty of Mathematics caption reference description: Mathematics and Computer Building caption attribution description: University of Waterloo math & comp sci building content: The Faculty of Mathematics is one of six faculties of the University of Waterloo in Waterloo, Ontario, offering over 500 courses in mathematics, statistics and computer science. The Faculty also houses the David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, formerly the Faculty's computer science department.


title: Brome Lake, Quebec section title: Geography hierarchical section title: Brome Lake, Quebec / Geography caption reference description: The eponymous Brome Lake. content: The Town of Brome Lake is a town in southern Quebec, Canada. It is located in the Brome-Missisquoi Regional County Municipality of the Montérégie administrative region. The population as of the Canada 2011 Census was 5,609.
Historically, the town was situated in Brome County in Quebec's Eastern Townships. Seven villages surrounding the lake by the same name, Brome Lake — Bondville, East Hill, Foster, Fulford, Knowlton, Iron Hill and West Brome — were amalgamated in 1971 to create the Town of Brome Lake. Tourism is also a major industry in the village of Knowlton because of skiing in the winter, lake activities in summer, and fall colours which peak in early October.
Knowlton is sometimes nicknamed The Knamptons because of its many affluent seasonal residents from Montreal, who own multimillion-dollar country houses in the area. Sotheby's International Realty has a branch office located in Knowlton because of its upscale market.


title: Parkes Observatory section title: Historical non-astronomy research hierarchical section title: Parkes Observatory / Historical non-astronomy research caption reference description: The 64 m radio telescope at Parkes Observatory as seen in 1969, when it received signals from the Apollo 11 Moon landing caption attribution description: English: This photo, taken in 1969, shows the telescope as it was around the time of the first manned Moon landing. CSIRO's Parkes radio telescope was officially opened on the 31 October 1961 by the Governor-General, Viscount De L'Isle forty years on, it is still one of the most advanced telescopes of its kind. A gigantic structure of steel and concrete, the telescope soars nearly 55 metres into the sky near Parkes NSW. It played a crucial role in receiving signals during the Apollo 11 Moon landing in 1969, relaying them for broadcast to an audience of 600 million around the world. content: The Parkes Observatory is a radio telescope observatory, located 20 kilometres north of the town of Parkes, New South Wales, Australia. It was one of several radio antennae used to receive live television images of the Apollo 11 Moon landing. Its scientific contributions over the decades led the ABC to describe it as "the most successful scientific instrument ever built in Australia" after 50 years of operation.
The Parkes Observatory is run by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, as part of the Australia Telescope National Facility network of radio telescopes. It is frequently operated together with other CSIRO radio telescopes, principally the array of six 22-metre dishes at the Australia Telescope Compact Array near Narrabri, and a single 22-metre dish at Mopra, to form a very long baseline interferometry array.
The observatory was included on the Australian National Heritage List on 10 August 2020.


title: Alderney Railway section title: Current hierarchical section title: Alderney Railway / Rolling stock / Current caption reference description: Tube stock stabled at Braye Road Station caption attribution description: English: Braye Road Station on the Alderney Railway. Taken 17 July 2005. Photographer David Martin. content: The Alderney Railway on Alderney is the only railway in the Bailiwick of Guernsey, and the only working railway in the Channel Islands. The Alderney Railway opened in 1847 and runs for about 2 miles, mostly following a coastal route, from Braye Road to Mannez Quarry and Lighthouse.
The railway is run by volunteers and usually operates during summer weekends and bank holidays.


title: 1941 Colima earthquake hierarchical section title: 1941 Colima earthquake caption attribution description: Deutsch: Physische Positionskarte von Mexiko Quadratische Plattkarte, N-S-Streckung 110 %. Geographische Begrenzung der Karte: N: 33.3° N S: 14.2° N W: 118.5° W O: 86.3° W English: Physical location map of Mexico Equirectangular projection, N/S stretching 110 %. Geographic limits of the map: N: 33.3° N S: 14.2° N W: 118.5° W E: 86.3° W caption alt text description: 1941 Colima earthquake is located in Mexico content: The 1941 Colima earthquake occurred on April 15 at 19:09 UTC. The epicenter was located in the State of Michoacán, Mexico.
The magnitude of this earthquake was put at Mₛ 7.7 or Mw 7.7. The intensities were X in Colima, VIII in Manzanillo, and V in Mexico City. Ninety people were reported dead. The cathedral of Colima was destroyed. Many houses and public buildings in Colima, including the Federal Palace and the Hidalgo Theater, were damaged. Of the 8,000 houses in the city of Colima, 900 or 2000 collapsed, according to different sources.
This earthquake was an interplate earthquake between the Cocos Plate and the North American Plate. It occurred in the Colima region of the Middle America Trench. This earthquake was very close to where the 1973 Colima earthquake occurred. From the locally recorded time intervals between the arrival of the S wave and the P wave and from the felt intensities, it is suggested that the rupture zone of this earthquake was larger than the 1973 earthquake and may have extended into the rupture zone of the 1985 Michoacán earthquake.


title: South Carolina Highway 262 section title: Route description hierarchical section title: South Carolina Highway 262 / Route description caption reference description: First sign for SC 262 east in Columbia (using the older style shield) caption attribution description: English: First sign eastbound SC 262 from Garners Ferry Road in Columbia, South Carolina. content: South Carolina Highway 262 is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of South Carolina. It serves primarily as the southern border of Fort Jackson.


title: Roman Catholic Diocese of Jiangmen hierarchical section title: Roman Catholic Diocese of Jiangmen caption reference description: Fr Thomas A Peyton introducing the history of Bishop Adolph John Paschang, who used to serve in this Immaculate Heart of Mary Cathedral, to students of the five Maryknoll Fathers schools from Hong Kong. On the right hand side of the photo is Fr Liang Jian-sen. Photo taken on 19 March 2011. caption attribution description: English: Fr Liang Jiansen listening to Fr Thomas A Peyton content: The Roman Catholic Diocese of Jiangmen/Kongmoon is a diocese located in the city of Jiangmen in the Ecclesiastical province of Guangzhou in China.


title: New York State Canal System section title: History hierarchical section title: New York State Canal System / History caption reference description: Present-day Erie Canal near Bushnell's Basin, southeast of Rochester, New York caption attribution description: English: Erie Canal near Bushnell Basin, southeast of Rochester, New York. Photo by Ken Gallager, September 29, 2005. content: The New York State Canal System is a successor to the Erie Canal and other canals within New York. Currently, the 525-mile system is composed of the Erie Canal, the Oswego Canal, the Cayuga–Seneca Canal, and the Champlain Canal. In 2014 the system was listed as a national historic district on the National Register of Historic Places in its entirety, and in 2016 it was designated a National Historic Landmark.
The Erie Canal connects the Hudson River to Lake Erie; the Cayuga–Seneca Canal connects Seneca Lake and Cayuga Lake to the Erie Canal; the Oswego Canal connects the Erie Canal to Lake Ontario; and the Champlain Canal connects the Hudson River to Lake Champlain.


title: Deepwater Horizon oil spill response section title: Choice and composition of Corexit hierarchical section title: Deepwater Horizon oil spill response / Dispersal / Choice and composition of Corexit caption reference description: A C-130 Hercules sprays Corexit dispersant onto the Gulf of Mexico caption attribution description: English: A C-130 Hercules from the Air Force Reserve Command's 910th Airlift Wing at Youngstown-Warren Air Reserve Station, Ohio, drops an oil-dispersing chemical into the Gulf of Mexico May 5, 2010, as part of the Deepwater Horizon Response effort. The 910th AW specializes in aerial spray and is the Department of Defense's only large-area, fixed-wing aerial spray unit. caption alt text description: A large four propeller airplane sprays Corexit onto oil-sheen water content: The Deepwater Horizon oil spill occurred between April 10 and September 19, 2010 in the Gulf of Mexico. A variety of techniques were used to address fundamental strategies for addressing the spilled oil, which were: to contain oil on the surface, dispersal, and removal. While most of the oil drilled off Louisiana is a lighter crude, the leaking oil was of a heavier blend which contained asphalt-like substances. According to Ed Overton, who heads a federal chemical hazard assessment team for oil spills, this type of oil emulsifies well. Once it becomes emulsified, it no longer evaporates as quickly as regular oil, does not rinse off as easily, cannot be broken down by microbes as easily, and does not burn as well. "That type of mixture essentially removes all the best oil clean-up weapons", Overton said.
On May 6, 2010, BP began documenting the daily response efforts on its web site. On 28 April, the US military joined the cleanup operation. The response increased in scale as the spill volume grew. Initially, BP employed remotely operated underwater vehicles, 700 workers, 4 airplanes, and 32 vessels.


title: Alexander Graham Bell section title: Canada hierarchical section title: Alexander Graham Bell / Canada caption reference description: Melville House, the Bells' first home in North America, now a National Historic Site of Canada caption attribution description: English: The Bell Homestead National Historic Site, Brantford, Ontario, Canada, including the Visitors' Center, Henderson Home, Carriage House and Alexander Graham Bell's dreaming place, where he saw the undulating ripples on the Grand River as it flowed past him content: Alexander Graham Bell was a Scottish-born inventor, scientist, and engineer who is credited with inventing and patenting the first practical telephone. He also co-founded the American Telephone and Telegraph Company in 1885.
Bell's father, grandfather, and brother had all been associated with work on elocution and speech and both his mother and wife were deaf, profoundly influencing Bell's life's work. His research on hearing and speech further led him to experiment with hearing devices which eventually culminated in Bell being awarded the first U.S. patent for the telephone, on March 7, 1876. Bell considered his invention an intrusion on his real work as a scientist and refused to have a telephone in his study.
Many other inventions marked Bell's later life, including groundbreaking work in optical telecommunications, hydrofoils, and aeronautics. Although Bell was not one of the 33 founders of the National Geographic Society, he had a strong influence on the magazine while serving as the second president from January 7, 1898, until 1903.


title: Linnaeus Arboretum section title: Gardens hierarchical section title: Linnaeus Arboretum / Gardens caption reference description: Evelyn Gardens caption attribution description: English: A flower in the Evelyn Gardens of Linnaeus Arboretum at Gustavus Adolphus College content: The Linnaeus Arboretum, on the campus of Gustavus Adolphus College in Saint Peter, Minnesota, United States, contains a number of botanical gardens and an arboretum. The arboretum is named for Carl Linnaeus, Swedish botanist. Its first trees were planted as small seedlings in 1973 on agricultural land.


title: List of governors of South Carolina section title: Governors under the Constitution of 1865 hierarchical section title: List of governors of South Carolina / Statehood period (1776–present) / Governors under the Constitution of 1865 caption attribution description: James Lawrence Orr. Library of Congress description: "Hon. James L. Orr" content: The Governor of the State of South Carolina is the head of state for the state of South Carolina. Under the South Carolina Constitution, the governor is also the head of government, serving as the chief executive of the South Carolina executive branch.
The governor is the ex officio commander-in-chief of the National Guard when not called into federal use. The governor's responsibilities include making yearly "State of the State" addresses to the South Carolina General Assembly, submitting an executive budget and ensuring that state laws are enforced.
Henry McMaster is the Governor of South Carolina since January 2017.
The only female governor in South Carolina is Nikki Haley.
This is a list of South Carolina governors.


title: RAF Aldermaston section title: Ministry of Aircraft Production use hierarchical section title: RAF Aldermaston / History / Ministry of Aircraft Production use caption reference description: This Spitfire P.R Mk XI (PL965) was built at RAF Aldermaston caption attribution description: English: Spitfire PL965 (G-MKXI) at Royal International Air Tattoo, Fairford, Gloucestershire, England. content: Royal Air Force Aldermaston or more simply RAF Aldermaston is a former Royal Air Force station located 8 miles east of Newbury, Berkshire and 9.8 miles southwest of Reading, Berkshire, England.
Originally built as an RAF Bomber Command airfield during 1941-1942, Aldermaston was transferred to the United States Army Air Forces in August 1942. Placed under the jurisdiction of Eighth Air Force, it was home to several Douglas C-47 Skytrain Troop Carrier Groups. It was transferred to Ninth Air Force in 1943 primarily as a Troop Carrier Command base. Returned to RAF Control at the end of 1945, it was used by Technical Training Command before being placed on Care and Maintenance. In 1946, it was transferred to the Ministry of Civil Aviation and used by BOAC aircraft for training.
Also used by the Ministry of Aircraft Production for Supermarine Spitfire assembly and flight testing, the airfield closed in 1950 and the site became home of the Atomic Weapons Research Establishment from 1950.


title: National Register of Historic Places listings in DeKalb County, Georgia section title: Current listings hierarchical section title: National Register of Historic Places listings in DeKalb County, Georgia / Current listings caption attribution description: English: South Candler Street-Agnes Scott College Historic District, Roughly bounded by E. College, S. McDonough, S. Candler, E. Hill and E. Davis Sts. Decatur This is an image of a place or building that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places in the United States of America. Its reference number is 94000787 caption alt text description: South Candler Street-Agnes Scott College Historic District content: This is a list of properties and districts in DeKalb County, Georgia that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted June 19, 2020.


title: Lake Tomahawk, Wisconsin hierarchical section title: Lake Tomahawk, Wisconsin caption reference description: Location of Lake Tomahawk, Wisconsin caption attribution description: Adapted from Wikipedia's WI county maps by Bumm13. caption alt text description: Location of Lake Tomahawk, Wisconsin content: Lake Tomahawk is a town in Oneida County, Wisconsin, United States named for the adjacent freshwater lake of the same name. The population was 1,160 at the 2000 census. The census-designated place of Lake Tomahawk and the unincorporated community of Sunflower are located in the town.


title: Music of Melbourne section title: Festivals hierarchical section title: Music of Melbourne / Festivals caption reference description: The Big Day Out music festival, held annually in Melbourne since 1993 content: A Music Victoria study finds Melbourne hosts 62,000 live concerts annually, making it one of the live music capitals of the world. Victoria is host to more than three times the live performance national average, making it the live music capital of the country. Melbourne is host to more music venues per capita than Austin, Texas.


title: 1700 hierarchical section title: 1700 caption reference description: Europe at the beginning of the 18th century caption attribution description: English: Europe at the beginning of the 18th century content: 1700 was an exceptional common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar, the 1700th year of the Common Era and Anno Domini designations, the 700th year of the 2nd millennium, the 100th and last year of the 17th century, and the 1st year of the 1700s decade. As of the start of 1700, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
As of March 1, when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 11 days until February 28, 1800.
In Sweden, the year started in the Julian calendar and remained so until February 28. Then, by skipping the leap day, the Swedish calendar was introduced, letting February 28 be followed by March 1, giving the entire year the same pattern as a common year starting on Monday. This calendar, being ten days behind the Gregorian and one day ahead of the Julian, lasts until 1712.


title: Reese Lansangan hierarchical section title: Reese Lansangan caption reference description: Reese Lansangan at a gig in Makati on 17 June 2016 caption attribution description: English: Reese Lansangan at a gig on 17 June 2016 at Century City Mall, Makati caption alt text description: Reese Lansangan at a gig in Makati on 17 June 2016 content: Maria Therese "Reese" Lansangan is a Filipino musician, singer-songwriter, hipster, visual artist, graphic designer, fashion designer, and published author. She is best known for her 2015 debut album Arigato, Internet!, and for being half of the indie duo Reese and Vica.