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title: Canção do exílio hierarchical section title: Canção do exílio caption reference description: A picture of the poem's author, Antônio Gonçalves Dias caption attribution description: Português: Antônio Gonçalves Dias (1823-1864), poeta brasileiro. content: "Canção do exílio" is a poem written by the Brazilian Romantic author Gonçalves Dias in 1843, when he was in Portugal studying Law at the University of Coimbra. The poem is a famous example of the first phase of Brazilian Romanticism, which was characterized by heavy nationalism and patriotism.
The poem first appeared in Dias' book Primeiros Cantos, published in 1846. It was influenced by and loosely based on Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's ballad Mignon, and some verses of the ballad are used as the poem's epigraph.
"Canção do exílio" is one of the most famous poems of Brazilian literature, being referenced and/or parodied by many other Brazilian authors. The lines "Nossos bosques têm mais vida, /Nossa vida mais amores" are even used in the national anthem of Brazil.


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title: Mehdya, Morocco section title: Spanish occupation (1614–81) hierarchical section title: Mehdya, Morocco / History / Spanish occupation (1614–81) caption reference description: La Mamora harbour under the Spanish. caption attribution description: Drawing by anonymous Spanish painter depicting La Mamora in 1621.Português: "Planta de La Mamora": desenho anónimo espanhol, 1621. content: Mehdya, also Mehdia or Mehedya, is a town in Kénitra Province, Rabat-Salé-Kénitra, Morocco. Previously called al-Ma'mura, it was known as São João da Mamora under 16th century Portuguese occupation, or as La Mamora under 17th century Spanish occupation.
According to the 2004 census, the town has a population of 16,262. It is located on Sebou River.


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title: Grace Gallatin Seton Thompson hierarchical section title: Grace Gallatin Seton Thompson caption reference description: Grace Gallatin Seton Thompson
 from a 1907 publication. content: Grace Gallatin Seton Thompson was an American author and suffragist.


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title: Arlington Heights, Ohio section title: Government hierarchical section title: Arlington Heights, Ohio / Government caption reference description: Village Hall caption attribution description: English: Front and northeastern side of Village Hall in Arlington Heights, Ohio, United States, located at the junction of Erkenbrecher and Elliott Avenues. content: Arlington Heights is a village in Hamilton County, Ohio, United States. It is a northeastern suburb of Cincinnati. The population was 745 at the 2010 census. The village is almost completely contained within the wide median of the Mill Creek Expressway, one of the few urban splits of freeway lanes in the country.


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title: National Route 27 (Costa Rica) hierarchical section title: National Route 27 (Costa Rica) caption reference description: Toll booth in Route 27 caption attribution description: Español: Tramo de la ruta 27, San José-Caldera, Costa Rica caption alt text description: Toll booth in Route 27 content: National Primary Route 27, or just Route 27 is a National Road Route of Costa Rica, is a route which connects the Greater Metropolitan Area to Caldera Port and the Pacific coast of the country.
There are two named segments, from San José to Santa Ana the name is Carretera Nacional Próspero Fernández, and from Santa Ana to Caldera the name is Carretera Nacional José María Castro Madriz, also known as Autopista San José-Caldera,


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title: Bob Turner (Canadian politician) hierarchical section title: Bob Turner (Canadian politician) caption reference description: Turner in May 2015 caption attribution description: English: Bob Turner at the 2015 Alberta Premier/Cabinet swearing-in ceremony, by Connor Mah. content: Andrew Robert "Bob" Turner is a Canadian politician who was elected in the 2015 Alberta general election to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta representing the electoral district of Edmonton-Whitemud as a member of the Alberta New Democratic Party. He won his seat with 12,803 votes, defeating incumbent health minister and former mayor of Edmonton, Stephen Mandel by 5,622 votes, or around 57% of the vote to Mandel's 32%. Mandel had previously beaten Turner in an October, 2014 by-election after Mandel was appointed as an unelected minister by then-Premier Jim Prentice.
Turner chose not to run for re-election in the 2019 election, stating "From the beginning, I spoke about the need to move forward in building Nellie Carlson School, with upgrading the Misericordia Hospital and eliminating flavoured tobacco...I've been proud to see all of these goals accomplished".
In his place, the NDP ran Rakhi Pancholi as its candidate. He won the seat, defeating Elisabeth Hughes of the United Conservative Party.


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title: Murray Rothbard section title: Marriage, employment, and activism hierarchical section title: Murray Rothbard / Life and work / Marriage, employment, and activism caption reference description: Rothbard with his wife Joey caption attribution description: English: Rothbard and his wife content: Murray Newton Rothbard was an American heterodox economist of the Austrian School, economic historian and political theorist. Rothbard was the founder and leading theoretician of anarcho-capitalism, a staunch advocate of historical revisionism and a central figure in the 20th-century American libertarian movement. He wrote over twenty books on political theory, revisionist history, economics, and other subjects.
Rothbard argued that all services provided by the "monopoly system of the corporate state" could be provided more efficiently by the private sector and wrote that the state is "the organization of robbery systematized and writ large". He called fractional-reserve banking a form of fraud and opposed central banking. He categorically opposed all military, political, and economic interventionism in the affairs of other nations. According to his protégé Hans-Hermann Hoppe, "[t]here would be no anarcho-capitalist movement to speak of without Rothbard".
Libertarian economist Jeffrey Herbener, who calls Rothbard his friend and "intellectual mentor", wrote that Rothbard received "only ostracism" from mainstream academia.


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title: Balthasar Friedrich Leizelt hierarchical section title: Balthasar Friedrich Leizelt caption reference description: Town Hall, Danzig caption attribution description: English: Gdańsk - Long Market street. (Caution - reflected image) Polski: Gdańsk - ulica Długa. (Uwaga - zdjęcie odwrócone, wizja lustrzana) Guckkastenblatt: Das Recht Städtsche Rath-Haus, nebst dem vordern Theil des langen Marckts - La veritable Maison de ville ..., kolorierter Kupferstich , Platte ca. 28,5 x 39 cm (Vorsicht Bild ist gedreht - Spiegelbild) content: Balthasar Friedrich Leizelt was a German artist and copperplate engraver working from Augsburg.
Leizelt produced a series of European and American scenic views at a time when pictures of foreign countries and people were popular and designed for use in optical viewers. As is normal for these prints the series title is a mirror image because optical viewers made use of mirrors which reversed the image. The Age of Enlightenment sparked a great interest in science, so that optical toys and devices became a standard form of drawing-room entertainment in the 1700s and 1800s. Light, perspective, and multiple images were cleverly combined to create the illusion of moving pictures.


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title: Lievin Cruyl section title: Life hierarchical section title: Lievin Cruyl / Life caption reference description: Prospectus Turris Babylonicae content: Lievin Cruyl or Lieven Cruyl was a Flemish priest and a draughtsman and etcher of landscapes, seascapes, and architectural views. The drawings and etchings he made during his extended stays in Italy and Paris contributed to the development of the topographical views known as veduta.

title: Turris Babel hierarchical section title: Turris Babel caption reference description: Illustration of the Tower of Babel by Coenraet Decker, after Lieven Cruyl content: Turris Babel was a 1679 work by the Jesuit scholar Athanasius Kircher. It was the last of his books published during his lifetime. Together with his earlier work Arca Noë, it represents Kircher's endeavour to show how modern science supported the Biblical narrative in the Book of Genesis. The work was also a broad synthesis of many of Kircher's ideas on architecture, language and religion. The book was dedicated to the Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I and printed in Amsterdam by the cartographer and bookseller Johannes van Waesbergen.


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title: Donna Masini hierarchical section title: Donna Masini caption reference description: Donna Masini attends a rally at Washington Square, New York, in December 2014 caption attribution description: English: Donna Masini content: Donna Masini is a poet and novelist who was born in Brooklyn and lives in New York City.


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title: Pierce-Arrow Motor Car Company section title: Gallery hierarchical section title: Pierce-Arrow Motor Car Company / Gallery caption attribution description: English: 1930 Pierce-Arrow Model B Dual-Cowl Phaeton photographed at the 2008 Greenwich Concours d'Elegance in Greenwich, Connecticut. content: The Pierce-Arrow Motor Car Company was an American motor vehicle manufacturer based in Buffalo, New York, which was active from 1901 to 1938. Although best known for its expensive luxury cars, Pierce-Arrow also manufactured commercial trucks, fire trucks, boats, camp trailers, motorcycles, and bicycles.


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title: Salvator Mundi (Leonardo) section title: Attribution hierarchical section title: Salvator Mundi (Leonardo) / Attribution caption reference description: Pentimenti visible in the palm of the left hand shown through the transparent orb may be evidence of Leonardo's authorship.[8] caption attribution description: Leonardo da Vinci, Salvator Mundi. The painting was sold at Christie's New York, November 15, 2017, for $450.3 million, making it the most expensive painting ever sold. content: Salvator Mundi is a painting by Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci dated to c. 1500. Long thought to be a copy of a lost original veiled with overpainting, it was rediscovered, restored, and included in a major Leonardo exhibition at the National Gallery, London, in 2011–12. Although most leading scholars have considered it to be an original work by Leonardo, this attribution has been disputed by other specialists, some of whom posit that he only contributed certain elements.
The painting depicts Jesus in Renaissance dress, making the sign of the cross with his right hand, while holding a transparent, non-refracting crystal orb in his left, signaling his role as Salvator Mundi and representing the 'celestial sphere' of the heavens. Around 20 other variations of the work are known, by students and followers of Leonardo. Preparatory chalk and ink drawings of the drapery by Leonardo are held in the British Royal Collection.
It is one of fewer than 20 known works by Leonardo, and was the only one to remain in a private collection.


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title: Jill Stein 2016 presidential campaign section title: Results hierarchical section title: Jill Stein 2016 presidential campaign / Results caption reference description: This map shows the percentage of the popular vote Jill Stein earned in each county. content: Jill Stein, a physician from Massachusetts, announced her entry into the 2016 United States presidential election on June 22, 2015. Stein, who had been the Green Party's presidential nominee in 2012 would once again secure the Green Party nomination and lose in the general election, this time receiving 1.07% of the popular vote and no electoral college delegates.
She formally announced her second presidential bid during an appearance on Democracy Now! on June 22, 2015.
On June 15, 2016, she reached the necessary number of delegates for the presumptive Green nomination. On August 1, 2016, Stein announced that she had selected international human rights activist Ajamu Baraka as her running mate.
Stein officially received the Green Party presidential nomination on August 6, 2016, at the party's nominating convention in Houston, Texas.


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title: Langham Place (Hong Kong) hierarchical section title: Langham Place (Hong Kong) caption reference description: The office and hotel, Langham Place, Hong Kong caption attribution description: 朗豪坊 Langham Place content: Langham Place is a commercial complex and shopping centre in Mong Kok, Kowloon, Hong Kong. The official opening was on 25 January 2005. The complex occupies two blocks defined by Argyle Street, Portland Street, Shantung Street and Reclamation Street. Shanghai Street separates the two portions of the complex, which are connected via two overhead walkways. A hotel is on one side of the development while the commercial elements are located on the other side.
The complex was the result of an urban renewal project under Land Development Corporation, later known as Urban Renewal Authority. Several city blocks, including the old "Bird Street" marketplace, were demolished to make way for the commercial complex.
Langham Place Tower has a gross floor area of 17,000 m², and comprises a 59-storey office tower, a 15-level shopping centre with two basement levels, a 665-room hotel and a car park with 250 parking spaces. The complex is connected to the Mong Kok Station of the MTR via an underground passage.

title: List of tallest buildings in Hong Kong section title: Tallest buildings hierarchical section title: List of tallest buildings in Hong Kong / Tallest buildings caption attribution description: 朗豪坊 Langham Place content: Hong Kong has over 9,000 high-rise buildings, of which over 4,000 are skyscrapers standing taller than 100 m with 454 buildings over 150 m. The tallest building in Hong Kong is the 108-storey International Commerce Centre, which stands 484 m and is the 12th tallest building in the world. The total built-up height of these skyscrapers is approximately 333.8 km, making Hong Kong the world's tallest urban agglomeration. Furthermore, reflective of the city's high population densities, Hong Kong has more inhabitants living at the 15th floor or higher, and more buildings of at least 100 m and 150 m height, than any other city in the world.
Most of Hong Kong's buildings are concentrated on the northern shore of Hong Kong Island, Kowloon, and the New Towns of the New Territories, such as Tsuen Wan and Sha Tin. Additional high-rises are located along Hong Kong Island's southern shoreline and areas near the stations of the Mass Transit Railway.
The skyline of Hong Kong Island is famed for its unique arrangement, with surrounding mountains and Victoria Harbour complementing the rows of skyscrapers along the shore.

title: Landmarks hierarchical section title: Landmarks caption reference description: Langham Place caption attribution description: 朗豪坊 Langham Place content: Originally, a landmark literally meant a prominent, easily identified geographic point, used by explorers and others to find their way back or through an area.
In modern use, it includes anything that can be recognized easily, such as a monument, building, or other structure. In American English it is the main word used to call places that are tourist attractions because they are beautiful, or big, or they have historical importance. Some, such as National Landmarks, are on official lists of landmarks. Landmarks in the British English are normally used for casual navigation, such as giving directions to someone to get somewhere. This is done in American English as well.


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title: New York State Route 411 section title: History hierarchical section title: New York State Route 411 / History caption reference description: NY 411 eastbound entering the hamlet of Orleans Corners caption attribution description: English: New York State Route 411 eastbound entering the hamlet of Orleans Corners. content: New York State Route 411 is an east–west state highway in Jefferson County, New York, in the United States. The western terminus of the route is at an intersection with NY 180 in the community of La Fargeville in the town of Orleans. Its eastern terminus is at a junction with NY 37 in the adjacent town of Theresa just west of the village of Theresa.


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title: Mann-Simons Cottage hierarchical section title: Mann-Simons Cottage caption reference description: Mann-Simmons Cottage in Columbia, SC caption attribution description: English: Mann-Simmons Cottage in Columbia, SC content: Mann-Simons Cottage is a historic home located at Columbia, South Carolina. It was built around 1850, and is a 1 1/2-story, cottage style frame house on a raised basement. The front façade features a porch supported by four Tuscan order columns. It was the antebellum home of a substantial free black Columbia family.
The house now serves as a museum, with tours offered six days a week.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.


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title: Tamanduateí (São Paulo Metro) hierarchical section title: Tamanduateí (São Paulo Metro) caption reference description: Transfer at: Tamanduateí content: Tamanduateí is a station on Line 2 of the São Paulo Metro and Line 10 of the CPTM commuter train.


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title: Wan'an County hierarchical section title: Wan'an County caption reference description: Location of Wan'an County (red) within Ji'an City (gold) and Jiangxi content: Wan'an County is a county in the southwest of Jiangxi province, People's Republic of China. It is under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city of Ji'an.


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title: Wawel Chakra section title: The Wawel Chakra as an unwanted tourist attraction hierarchical section title: Wawel Chakra / The Wawel Chakra as an unwanted tourist attraction caption attribution description: English: Wawel Chakra - dirty wall content: The Wawel Chakra - a place on Wawel hill in Kraków in Poland which is believed to emanate powerful spiritual energy.
Adherents believe it to be one of the world's main centers of spiritual energy
.
The Wawel Chakra is said to be one of a few select places of immense power on Earth, which, like a chakra point in the human body, allegedly functions as part of an energetic system within Earth.
According to believers, the center of the Wawel Chakra is situated under St. Gereon's chapel, which was built in the 11th century and is located between the Royal Castle and the Wawel Cathedral - in the north-west corner of Wawel's courtyard.
The Wawel Chakra, or Wawel Stone, or Wawel Lotus or Wawel Power Place is treated as:
a theosophical belief from 1930s
a contemporary legend from the 1980s
a place of great interest and a research subject of contemporary dowsers and geomants
a place of powerful spiritual and healing energy for New Agers
a nuisance for people of firm Catholic or scientific background
a tourist attraction, not welcomed by church and museum authorities


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title: Madison County, Iowa section title: 2000 census hierarchical section title: Madison County, Iowa / Demographics / 2000 census caption reference description: 2000 Census Age Pyramid for Madison County content: Madison County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2010 census, the population was 15,679. The county seat is Winterset.
Madison County is included in the Des Moines–West Des Moines, IA Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Madison County is famous for being the county where John Wayne was born, and for a number of covered bridges. These bridges were featured in Robert James Waller's 1992 novella The Bridges of Madison County, as well as the 1995 film and 2014 musical based on it.


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title: Hongseong County hierarchical section title: Hongseong County caption reference description: Hongseong Station caption attribution description: 한국어: 홍성역 신역사 caption alt text description: Hongseong Station content: Hongseong is a county in South Korea, and the capital of South Chungcheong Province. The current governor is Kim Seok-hwan. The original name of the city is Hongju.


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title: 2012 Agni Air Dornier 228 crash hierarchical section title: 2012 Agni Air Dornier 228 crash caption reference description: 9N-AIG, the Dornier involved, seen two months earlier at Lukla Airport caption attribution description: English: Dornier Do-228 9N-AIG operated by Agni Air at Lukla Airport content: On 14 May 2012, a Dornier Do 228 passenger aircraft of Agni Air crashed near Jomsom Airport, Nepal, killing 15 of the 21 people on board, including both pilots.


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title: Southern Methodist University Mustang Band section title: Pigskin Revue hierarchical section title: Southern Methodist University Mustang Band / Traditions / Pigskin Revue caption reference description: Pigskin Revue 2004 caption attribution description: English: Pigskin Revue performed at Umphrey Lee Student Center content: The Southern Methodist University Mustang Band, known as the "Best Dressed Band in the Land" because of its 32 unique uniforms, is the marching band of Southern Methodist University. Long known as “the Hub of SMU spirit, ” the 80 member band represents the University at football and basketball games, produces the Pigskin Revue during Homecoming, and performs at special University- and community-related events. Founded in 1917, the Mustang Band is currently under the direction of Don Hopkins and assistant director and music arranger Tommy Tucker.
The SMU Mustang Band introduced jazz into its performances in the late 1920s and continues this tradition. The band also incorporates other popular music styles, all arranged with the hallmark swing style of the Mustang Band. The SMU Mustang Band features a high-stepping, quick marching style and loud, brassy musical arrangements. The instrumentation of the band is all brass, saxophones, piccolo, and marching percussion.


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title: List of Connecticut state parks section title: Connecticut state parks hierarchical section title: List of Connecticut state parks / Connecticut state parks caption attribution description: Uncas Pond, Nehantic State Forest, Lyme, Connecticut. Beckett Hill State Park Preserve is in the background. caption alt text description: Pond content: This is a list of state parks and reserves in the Connecticut state park system, shown in four tables. The first table lists state parks and reserves, the second lists state park trails, the third list state forests, and the fourth lists other state-owned, recreation-related areas.

title: Becket Hill State Park Reserve hierarchical section title: Becket Hill State Park Reserve caption reference description: Becket Hill, as seen across Uncas Pond from Nehantic State Forest caption attribution description: Uncas Pond, Nehantic State Forest, Lyme, Connecticut. Beckett Hill State Park Preserve is in the background. content: Becket Hill State Park Reserve is a public recreation area lying adjacent to Nehantic State Forest in the town of Lyme, Connecticut. The state park is as an undeveloped, walk-in park totaling 260 acres with no officially listed activities. It is managed by the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection.


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title: List of commanders-in-chief of the Royal Thai Air Force hierarchical section title: List of commanders-in-chief of the Royal Thai Air Force caption reference description: Rank flag of the commander-in-chief content: The Commander-in-Chief of the Royal Thai Air Force, currently Air Chief Marshal Manat Wongwat, who is headquartered in Bangkok.
The following individuals have commanded the Royal Thai Air Force:


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title: Tianjin Metro section title: Future Expansion hierarchical section title: Tianjin Metro / Future Expansion caption reference description: Map of Tianjin Metro, including under construction lines. Updated in May 2019. caption attribution description: 中文（中国大陆）: 天津地铁在建线路图，更新于2018年6月 content: The Tianjin Metro or Tianjin Rail Transit is the rapid transit system in the city of Tianjin, which was the second city, after Beijing, in mainland China to operate a subway system. Opened in 1984, the system has 6 operating lines and 159 stations spanning 233.2 km.
The lines are jointly operated by two companies, namely the Tianjin Metro Group Co. Ltd and the Binhai Mass Transit Development Co. Ltd. The former operates Lines 1, 2, 3 and 6, while the latter operates Line 5 and Line 9. The two companies merged and regrouped as the Tianjin Rail Transit Group Co. in 2017.


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title: History of the Arabs section title: Abbassid Caliphate (750–1258 & 1261–1517) hierarchical section title: History of the Arabs / Medieval period / Abbassid Caliphate (750–1258 & 1261–1517) caption reference description: Mustansiriya University in Baghdad. caption attribution description: العربية: المدرسة المستنصرية في بغداد. مبنى المدرسة المستنصرية التاريخي في بغداد. Deutsch: Blick auf einen Teil der Al-Mustansiriyya-Universität. Blick auf einen Teil der Universität. English: Mustansiriya University in Baghdad. Mustansiriya University in Baghdad (the minaret in the background was used for astronomical purposes). فارسی: مدرسه مستنصریه در بغداد. עברית: בניין אוניברסיטת מוסטאנסיריה, בן מאות השנים, באוניברסיטת בגדאד. חצר המדרסה המקורית ובה איוואנים. Fiji Hindi: Baghdad ke University. Interlingue: Li Mustansiriya universitá in Bagdad. Português: Universidade Mustansiriya. Română: Universitatea Mustansiriyya din Bagdad. Українська: Мустансирія університет, Багдад, збуд. 1233. content: The history of the Arabs begins in the mid-ninth century BC, which is the earliest known attestation of the Old Arabic language. The Arabs appear to have been under the vassalage of the Neo-Assyrian Empire; they went from the Arabian Peninsula to Mauritania. Arab tribes, most notably the Ghassanids and Lakhmids, begin to appear in the southern Syrian Desert from the mid-third century CE onward, during the mid to later stages of the Roman and Sasanian empires. Tradition holds that Arabs descend from Ishmael, the son of Abraham. The Arabian Desert is the birthplace of "Arab", as well other Arab groups that spread in the land and existed for millennia.
Before the expansion of the Rashidun Caliphate, "Arab" referred to any of the largely nomadic and settled Semitic people from the Arabian Peninsula, Syrian Desert, North and Lower Mesopotamia. Today, "Arab" refers to a large number of people whose native regions form the Arab world due to the spread of Arabs and the Arabic language throughout the region during the early Muslim conquests of the 7th and 8th centuries.

title: Spread of Islam section title: Abbasids (750–1258) hierarchical section title: Spread of Islam / History / Abbasids (750–1258) caption reference description: The Abbasids are known to have founded some of the world's earliest educational institutions, such as the House of Wisdom. caption attribution description: العربية: المدرسة المستنصرية في بغداد. مبنى المدرسة المستنصرية التاريخي في بغداد. Deutsch: Blick auf einen Teil der Al-Mustansiriyya-Universität. Blick auf einen Teil der Universität. English: Mustansiriya University in Baghdad. Mustansiriya University in Baghdad (the minaret in the background was used for astronomical purposes). فارسی: مدرسه مستنصریه در بغداد. עברית: בניין אוניברסיטת מוסטאנסיריה, בן מאות השנים, באוניברסיטת בגדאד. חצר המדרסה המקורית ובה איוואנים. Fiji Hindi: Baghdad ke University. Interlingue: Li Mustansiriya universitá in Bagdad. Português: Universidade Mustansiriya. Română: Universitatea Mustansiriyya din Bagdad. Українська: Мустансирія університет, Багдад, збуд. 1233. content: The history of the spread of Islam spans about 1,500 years. Muslim conquests following Muhammad's death led to the creation of the caliphates, occupying a vast geographical area; conversion to Islam was boosted by missionary activities, particularly those of imams, who intermingled with local populations to propagate the religious teachings. These early caliphates, coupled with Muslim economics and trading, the Islamic Golden Age, and the Age of the Islamic Gunpowders, resulted in Islam's spread outwards from Mecca towards the Indian, Atlantic, and Pacific Oceans and the creation of the Muslim world. Trading played an important role in the spread of Islam in several parts of the world, especially Indian traders in southeast Asia.
Muslim dynasties were soon established and subsequent empires such as those of the Umayyads, Abbasids, Fatimids, Mamluks, Seljukids, and the Ayyubids were among the largest and most powerful in the world.

title: Abbasid Caliphate section title: Science hierarchical section title: Abbasid Caliphate / Culture / Science caption reference description: Mustansiriya University in Baghdad caption attribution description: العربية: المدرسة المستنصرية في بغداد. مبنى المدرسة المستنصرية التاريخي في بغداد. Deutsch: Blick auf einen Teil der Al-Mustansiriyya-Universität. Blick auf einen Teil der Universität. English: Mustansiriya University in Baghdad. Mustansiriya University in Baghdad (the minaret in the background was used for astronomical purposes). فارسی: مدرسه مستنصریه در بغداد. עברית: בניין אוניברסיטת מוסטאנסיריה, בן מאות השנים, באוניברסיטת בגדאד. חצר המדרסה המקורית ובה איוואנים. Fiji Hindi: Baghdad ke University. Interlingue: Li Mustansiriya universitá in Bagdad. Português: Universidade Mustansiriya. Română: Universitatea Mustansiriyya din Bagdad. Українська: Мустансирія університет, Багдад, збуд. 1233. content: The Abbasid Caliphate was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abdul-Muttalib, from whom the dynasty takes its name. They ruled as caliphs for most of the caliphate from their capital in Baghdad in modern-day Iraq, after having overthrown the Umayyad Caliphate in the Abbasid Revolution of 750 CE. The Abbasid Caliphate first centered its government in Kufa, modern-day Iraq, but in 762 the caliph Al-Mansur founded the city of Baghdad, near the ancient Sasanian capital city of Ctesiphon. The Abbasid period was marked by reliance on Persian bureaucrats for governing the territories as well as an increasing inclusion of non-Arab Muslims in the ummah. Persian customs were broadly adopted by the ruling elite, and they began patronage of artists and scholars. Baghdad became a center of science, culture, philosophy and invention in what became known as the Golden Age of Islam.
Despite this initial cooperation, the Abbasids of the late 8th century had alienated both non-Arab mawali and Iranian bureaucrats.

title: Caliphate section title: Abbasid Caliphs at Baghdad hierarchical section title: Caliphate / History / Abbasid Caliphate (750–1258) / Abbasid Caliphs at Baghdad caption reference description: Mustansiriya Madrasah in Baghdad caption attribution description: العربية: المدرسة المستنصرية في بغداد. مبنى المدرسة المستنصرية التاريخي في بغداد. Deutsch: Blick auf einen Teil der Al-Mustansiriyya-Universität. Blick auf einen Teil der Universität. English: Mustansiriya University in Baghdad. Mustansiriya University in Baghdad (the minaret in the background was used for astronomical purposes). فارسی: مدرسه مستنصریه در بغداد. עברית: בניין אוניברסיטת מוסטאנסיריה, בן מאות השנים, באוניברסיטת בגדאד. חצר המדרסה המקורית ובה איוואנים. Fiji Hindi: Baghdad ke University. Interlingue: Li Mustansiriya universitá in Bagdad. Português: Universidade Mustansiriya. Română: Universitatea Mustansiriyya din Bagdad. Українська: Мустансирія університет, Багдад, збуд. 1233. content: A caliphate is an Islamic state under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph, a person considered a politico-religious successor to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a leader of the entire Muslim Community. Historically, the caliphates were polities based on Islam which developed into multi-ethnic trans-national empires. During the medieval period, three major caliphates succeeded each other: the Rashidun Caliphate, the Umayyad Caliphate, the Abbasid Caliphate. In the fourth major caliphate, the Ottoman Caliphate, the rulers of the Ottoman Empire claimed caliphal authority from 1517. Throughout the history of Islam, a few other Muslim states, almost all hereditary monarchies, such as the Mamluk Sultanate and Ayyubid Caliphate have claimed to be caliphates.
Prior to the rise of Muhammad, Arab tribes followed a pre-Islamic Arab polytheism and lived as self-governing sedentary and nomadic tribal communities. Following the early Muslim conquests by Muhammad, the region became politically unified under Islam.
The first caliphate, the Rashidun Caliphate, immediately succeeded Muhammad after his death in 632.

title: Terrorist incidents in Iraq in 2007 section title: January hierarchical section title: Terrorist incidents in Iraq in 2007 / January caption reference description: An image of Mustansiriya University, a target of a January 16 attack caption attribution description: العربية: المدرسة المستنصرية في بغداد. مبنى المدرسة المستنصرية التاريخي في بغداد. Deutsch: Blick auf einen Teil der Al-Mustansiriyya-Universität. Blick auf einen Teil der Universität. English: Mustansiriya University in Baghdad. Mustansiriya University in Baghdad (the minaret in the background was used for astronomical purposes). فارسی: مدرسه مستنصریه در بغداد. עברית: בניין אוניברסיטת מוסטאנסיריה, בן מאות השנים, באוניברסיטת בגדאד. חצר המדרסה המקורית ובה איוואנים. Fiji Hindi: Baghdad ke University. Interlingue: Li Mustansiriya universitá in Bagdad. Português: Universidade Mustansiriya. Română: Universitatea Mustansiriyya din Bagdad. Українська: Мустансирія університет, Багдад, збуд. 1233. content: This list details terrorist incidents occurring in Iraq in 2007. In 2007, the US sent 20,000 additional troops into combat as part of a troop surge.
There were 442 bombings in 2007, the second-most in a single year during the Iraq War. Major events included a January 16 attack on Mustansiriyah University, which killed 70 and injured 180, and February 3 bombings at the Sadriyah market in Baghdad, which killed 135 people.

title: Arabs section title: Abbassid era (750–1258 & 1261–1517) hierarchical section title: Arabs / History / Medieval period / Arab caliphates / Abbassid era (750–1258 & 1261–1517) caption reference description: Mustansiriya University in Baghdad caption attribution description: العربية: المدرسة المستنصرية في بغداد. مبنى المدرسة المستنصرية التاريخي في بغداد. Deutsch: Blick auf einen Teil der Al-Mustansiriyya-Universität. Blick auf einen Teil der Universität. English: Mustansiriya University in Baghdad. Mustansiriya University in Baghdad (the minaret in the background was used for astronomical purposes). فارسی: مدرسه مستنصریه در بغداد. עברית: בניין אוניברסיטת מוסטאנסיריה, בן מאות השנים, באוניברסיטת בגדאד. חצר המדרסה המקורית ובה איוואנים. Fiji Hindi: Baghdad ke University. Interlingue: Li Mustansiriya universitá in Bagdad. Português: Universidade Mustansiriya. Română: Universitatea Mustansiriyya din Bagdad. Українська: Мустансирія університет, Багдад, збуд. 1233. content: An Arab, plural Arabic: عَرَبٌ, ISO 233: ‘arab; is a person inhabiting the Arab world. Arabs primarily live among the Arab states in Western Asia, Northern Africa, the Horn of Africa, and Western Indian Ocean islands. They also live, in significant numbers, in the Americas, Western Europe, Indonesia, Israel, Turkey, and Iran. The Arab diaspora is established around the world.
The first mention of Arabs appeared in the mid-9th century BCE as a tribal people in eastern and southern Syria, and the north of the Arabian Peninsula. The Arabs appear to have been under the vassalage of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, as well as the succeeding Neo-Babylonian, Achaemenid, Seleucid, and Parthian empires. The Nabataeans, an Arab people, formed their Kingdom near Petra in the 3rd century BC. Arab tribes, most notably the Ghassanids and Lakhmids, begin to appear in the southern Syrian Desert from the mid 3rd century CE onward, during the mid to later stages of the Roman and Sasanian empires.
Before the expansion of the Rashidun Caliphate, "Arab" referred to any of the largely nomadic and settled Semitic people from the Arabian Peninsula, Syrian Desert, and North and Lower Mesopotamia.

title: Al-Mustansiriya University hierarchical section title: Al-Mustansiriya University caption attribution description: العربية: المدرسة المستنصرية في بغداد. مبنى المدرسة المستنصرية التاريخي في بغداد. Deutsch: Blick auf einen Teil der Al-Mustansiriyya-Universität. Blick auf einen Teil der Universität. English: Mustansiriya University in Baghdad. Mustansiriya University in Baghdad (the minaret in the background was used for astronomical purposes). فارسی: مدرسه مستنصریه در بغداد. עברית: בניין אוניברסיטת מוסטאנסיריה, בן מאות השנים, באוניברסיטת בגדאד. חצר המדרסה המקורית ובה איוואנים. Fiji Hindi: Baghdad ke University. Interlingue: Li Mustansiriya universitá in Bagdad. Português: Universidade Mustansiriya. Română: Universitatea Mustansiriyya din Bagdad. Українська: Мустансирія університет, Багдад, збуд. 1233. content: Mustansiriyah University is a university in Baghdad, Iraq.

title: Mustansiriya Madrasah hierarchical section title: Mustansiriya Madrasah caption reference description: Mustansiriya University Building in Baghdad 2005 caption attribution description: العربية: المدرسة المستنصرية في بغداد. مبنى المدرسة المستنصرية التاريخي في بغداد. Deutsch: Blick auf einen Teil der Al-Mustansiriyya-Universität. Blick auf einen Teil der Universität. English: Mustansiriya University in Baghdad. Mustansiriya University in Baghdad (the minaret in the background was used for astronomical purposes). فارسی: مدرسه مستنصریه در بغداد. עברית: בניין אוניברסיטת מוסטאנסיריה, בן מאות השנים, באוניברסיטת בגדאד. חצר המדרסה המקורית ובה איוואנים. Fiji Hindi: Baghdad ke University. Interlingue: Li Mustansiriya universitá in Bagdad. Português: Universidade Mustansiriya. Română: Universitatea Mustansiriyya din Bagdad. Українська: Мустансирія університет, Багдад, збуд. 1233. content: Mustansiriya Madrasah was a medieval-era scholarly complex that provided a universal system of higher education. It was established in 1227 CE and was named after and built by the Abbasid Caliph al-Mustansir in Baghdad, Iraq. The Madrasa taught many different subjects, including medicine, math, literature, grammar, philosophy, and Islamic religious studies. However, the major focus of education was Islamic law. It became the most prominent and high-ranking center for Islamic studies in all of Baghdad. Madrasas during the Abbasid period were used as the predominant instrument to foster the spread of Sunni thought as well as a way to extend the founder's pious ideals. The architecture of the Madrasa was also an important example of Islamic architectural development in Baghdad. The Madrasa has experienced several periods of decline and reemergence throughout its history. The most significant degradation to the Madrasa's architecture and position within Baghdad was the Mongol Siege of Baghdad. Today, the Madrasa is in a state of restoration as is it being overseen by the Directorate of Antiquities in Iraq.


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title: Paula Franzese hierarchical section title: Paula Franzese caption reference description: Professor Franzese owns this work, 2010 caption attribution description: English: Paula Ann Franzese content: Paula Ann Franzese is an American legal scholar based in New Jersey who focuses on government ethics and property law. She is the Peter W. Rodino Professor of Law at the Seton Hall University School of Law. Franzese is an award-winning educator who has been named one of the 26 best law teachers in the United States. She is also a prominent advocate for government ethics reform, a spokesperson for legal education, a housing advocate, and an author.


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title: Cardwell, Queensland section title: Geography hierarchical section title: Cardwell, Queensland / Geography caption reference description: Victoria Street caption attribution description: English: Victoria Street, Cardwell, Queensland, Australia content: Cardwell is a tropical coastal town and locality in the Cassowary Coast Region in Far North Queensland, Australia. In the 2016 census, Cardwell had a population of 1,309 people. The Bruce Highway National Highway 1 and the North Coast railway line are the dominant transport routes; connecting with the Queensland provincial cities of Cairns and Townsville. Cardwell suffered significant damage from Cyclone Yasi, a category 5 cyclone, in February 2011.


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title: Children Incorporated section title: Noted donors and recognition hierarchical section title: Children Incorporated / Noted donors and recognition caption reference description: Sponsored children in Africa receive food, clothing, school supplies, tuition, and health care thanks to support from Children Incorporated. caption attribution description: English: Sponsored children in Africa content: Children Incorporated is a non-profit 501 international child sponsorship and child assistance organization based in North Chesterfield, Virginia. Children Incorporated was founded in 1964 by Jeanne Clarke Wood. Children Incorporated relies on individual sponsors and donors to provide opportunities to children all around the world.
As an international non-profit, Children Incorporated partners with other organizations that are already structured to address areas of need for children – established orphanages, schools, and childcare centers that have the staff required.
Children Incorporated works in the United States and abroad. The U.S. programs include three primary divisions: inner city, which includes Chicago, Illinois; Detroit, Michigan; Washington, D.C.; New Orleans, Louisiana; and Richmond, Virginia; American Indian, primarily in the Navajo reservation in Arizona and New Mexico; and Appalachian, primarily in Kentucky and West Virginia.


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title: Sea World station hierarchical section title: Sea World station caption attribution description: 中文（简体）: 深圳地铁蛇口线海上世界站站台。列车开往赤湾站方向。 English: Sea World Station of Shekou Line, Shenzhen Metro.The train was leaving for Chiwan Station. content: Sea World station is a Metro station on Line 2 of the Shenzhen Metro. It opened on 28 December 2010. It is located close to the eastern edge of Shekou in Nanshan district of Shenzhen.
The underground station is located adjacent to Sea World, a tourist attraction with numerous restaurants and a large ship Minghua. It is also located close to a number of offices and banks, the sea walk at Sea World promenade, and Times plaza, one of the oldest high rise office buildings in Shekou.


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title: List of Knights and Ladies of the Thistle section title: Eighteenth Century hierarchical section title: List of Knights and Ladies of the Thistle / Eighteenth Century caption attribution description: James Murray, 2nd Duke of Atholl (1690-1764) content: The Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle was founded in 1687. Dates shown are for election or installation. Probably incomplete.
NameImageLifeDateNotes

title: Duke of Atholl section title: Family history hierarchical section title: Duke of Atholl / Family history caption reference description: James Murray,
2nd Duke of Atholl, KT caption attribution description: James Murray, 2nd Duke of Atholl (1690-1764) content: Duke of Atholl, alternatively Duke of Athole, named after Atholl in Scotland, is a title in the Peerage of Scotland held by the head of Clan Murray. It was created by Queen Anne in 1703 for John Murray, 2nd Marquess of Atholl, with a special remainder to the heir male of his father, the 1st Marquess.
As of 2017, there were twelve subsidiary titles attached to the dukedom: Lord Murray of Tullibardine, Lord Murray, Gask and Balquhidder, Lord Murray, Balvany and Gask, Lord Murray, Balvenie and Gask, in the County of Perth, Viscount of Balquhidder, Viscount of Balquhidder, Glenalmond and Glenlyon, in the County of Perth, Earl of Atholl, Earl of Tullibardine, Earl of Tullibardine, Earl of Strathtay and Strathardle, in the County of Perth, Marquess of Atholl and Marquess of Tullibardine, in the County of Perth. These titles are also in the Peerage of Scotland. The dukes have also previously held the following titles: Baron Strange between 1736 and 1764 and 1805 and 1957; Baron Murray, of Stanley in the County of Gloucester, and Earl Strange between 1786 and 1957, Baron Glenlyon, of Glenlyon in the County of Perth between 1846 and 1957 and Baron Percy between 1865 and 1957.


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title: Srawasthi Mandiraya hierarchical section title: Srawasthi Mandiraya caption reference description: The facade of Srawasthi Mandiraya caption attribution description: English: The facade of Srawasthi Mandiraya that today houses the Western Provincial Council content: The Srawasthi Mandiraya is the primary office complex of the Western Provincial Council, located in Cinnamon Gardens, a suburb of Colombo. Built in 1913, it saw use for most of its lifetime as a hostel for Members of Parliament from outside Colombo who were attending Parliamentary sittings. It is located along Sir Marcus Fernando Mawatha.


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title: Atef Saad hierarchical section title: Atef Saad caption reference description: Saad at the 2016 Olympics caption attribution description: English: Rio de Janeiro - Sob chuva forte atletas da maratona masculina passam pelo aterro do Flamengo (Tânia Rêgo/Agência Brasil) content: Atef Saad is a Tunisian long distance runner. He finished 62nd in the marathon at the 2016 Summer Olympics. In October 2017, Saad won the third edition of the "Run In Carthage".


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title: Kikowo, West Pomeranian Voivodeship hierarchical section title: Kikowo, West Pomeranian Voivodeship caption reference description: Road in Kikowo caption attribution description: Polski: Kikowo droga do kościoła caption alt text description: Road in Kikowo content: Kikowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Tychowo, within Białogard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres south of Tychowo, 24 km south-east of Białogard, and 124 km north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.
Before 1945 the area was part of Germany.
The village has a population of 220.


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title: 2013 Malaysian general election section title: Results hierarchical section title: 2013 Malaysian general election / Results caption reference description: Equal-area representation of the State Assemblies' results with each hexagon representing one seat content: General elections were held in Malaysia on Sunday, 5 May 2013 to elect the members of the 13th Parliament. Voting took place in all 222 parliamentary constituencies, each electing one MP to the Dewan Rakyat, the dominant house of Parliament. State elections also took place in 505 state constituencies in 12 of the 13 states on the same day.
The elections were the first since Najib Razak became Prime Minister in 2009. The incumbent right-wing Barisan Nasional led by Razak won a second term against the opposition centre-left Pakatan Rakyat led by Opposition Leader Anwar Ibrahim, after Barisan Nasional formed a majority government at a federal level. Barisan Nasional won 133 seats in the 222-seat Dewan Rakyat and 47.38% of the vote whereas the informal coalition, Pakatan Rakyat contesting under a different election symbol, saw a slight increase in both support and seats, winning 50.87% of the popular vote and 89 seats. This was the best performance shown by the opposition bloc against the federal ruling Barisan Nasional, and the first time Barisan Nasional won less of the popular vote than the opposition.

title: List of Malaysian State Assembly Representatives (2013–18) section title: Composition hierarchical section title: List of Malaysian State Assembly Representatives (2013–18) / Composition caption reference description: Equal-area representation of state constituencies as elected in 2013 content: The following are the members of the Dewan Undangan Negeri or state assemblies, elected in the 2013 state election and by-elections. Also included is the list of the Sarawak state assembly members who were elected in 2016.
The opposition coalition Pakatan Rakyat that contested the general elections in 2013 was dissolved after series of disagreements between two main parties, Democratic Action Party and Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party. A new opposition coalition Pakatan Harapan was formed by the Democratic Action Party, People's Justice Party and newly formed party National Trust Party, consisting of ex-PAS members. Several ex-UMNO members have also formed their own party Malaysian United Indigenous Party and have signed an electoral pact with Pakatan Harapan to contest the future general election and ensure straight fights against Barisan Nasional. On 20 March 2017 PPBM officially became a member of Pakatan Harapan.

title: Results of the 2013 Malaysian state elections by constituency hierarchical section title: Results of the 2013 Malaysian state elections by constituency caption reference description: Equal-area representation of the results with each hexagon representing one seat content: These are the election results of the 2013 Malaysian general election by state constituency. State assembly elections were held in Malaysia on 5 May 2013 as part of the general elections. These members of the legislative assembly representing their constituency from the first sitting of respective state legislative assembly to its dissolution.
The state legislature election deposit was set at RM 5,000 per candidate. Similar to previous elections, the election deposit will be forfeited if the particular candidate had failed to secure at least 12.5% or one-eighth of the votes.


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title: Hunt Valley, Maryland hierarchical section title: Hunt Valley, Maryland caption reference description: Hunt Valley Towne Centre in Hunt Valley, Maryland caption attribution description: English: Hunt Valley Towne Center in Hunt Valley, Maryland content: Hunt Valley is an unincorporated community in Baltimore County, Maryland, United States, near the site of the Maryland Hunt Cup Steeplechase. It lies just north of the city of Baltimore, along York Road, parallel to Interstate 83. The nearby Loch Raven Reservoir is an important landmark and drinking water resource. Its surrounding forested watershed is one of three reservoirs established for the City of Baltimore. Hunt Valley is located at a latitude of 39.5° North and longitude of 76.7° West. It is served by the Cockeysville post office, and is also a neighbor of Timonium. A satellite campus of the Community College of Baltimore County is located in Hunt Valley Town Centre.

title: Hunt Valley Towne Centre hierarchical section title: Hunt Valley Towne Centre caption reference description: Hunt Valley Towne Center in Hunt Valley, Maryland caption attribution description: English: Hunt Valley Towne Center in Hunt Valley, Maryland content: Hunt Valley Towne Centre, formerly Hunt Valley Mall, is an outdoor shopping mall in northern Baltimore County, Maryland with 58 stores. The development was constructed following the closure of Hunt Valley Mall in 2000. The anchor stores in existence today include Dick's Sporting Goods, Burlington Coat Factory and Wegmans. Wal-Mart was located at Hunt Valley mall until late October 2007, when it moved two miles south to Cockeysville, Maryland. It was replaced by Best Buy, which closed in May 2012 as part of a nationwide downsizing. Near a gazebo located in the main street area of the center, there is a memorial to Chuck Thompson.


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title: Yamada, Iwate hierarchical section title: Yamada, Iwate caption attribution description: English: Flag of Yamada Iwate 日本語: 山田町旗 caption alt text description: Flag of Yamada content: Yamada is a town in Iwate Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 May 2020, the town had an estimated population of 15,195 and a population density of 58 persons per km², in 6,554 households. The total area of the town is 262.81 square kilometres.


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title: Allen County War Memorial Coliseum hierarchical section title: Allen County War Memorial Coliseum caption reference description: The Allen County War Memorial Coliseum with construction nearly completed. caption attribution description: English: Aerial photo of the Allen County War Memorial Coliseum during the final construction phase. content: Allen County War Memorial Coliseum is a 13,000-seat multi-purpose arena located in Fort Wayne, Indiana, near present-day Johnny Appleseed Park. It opened in 1952 with a construction cost of nearly $3 million. The Allen County War Memorial Coliseum was originally designed to seat 8,103 for hockey or 10,240 for basketball. Opened in 1989, the Coliseum's $26 million Exposition Center contains 108,000-ft² devoted to hosting substantial trade shows and other events with seating for 7,500.
In 2002, an extensive $35 million renovation and expansion raised the Allen County War Memorial Coliseum's roof by 41 feet, thus increasing the arena's seating capacity to 10,500 for hockey or music concerts and 13,000 for basketball. The structure was designed by A.M. Strauss Architects.


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title: Order of the Dragon section title: Historical background hierarchical section title: Order of the Dragon / Historical background caption reference description: Ceremonial sword of the Order, c. 1433, displayed at the Neue Burg, Vienna. caption attribution description: English: Ceremonial sword of the Order of the Dragon. Presumably made for the imperial coronation of Sigismund 1433. Gilded crosspiece, ivory hilt. The blade bears the inscription REX HUNGARIAE / COLOMANUS EPS. content: The Order of the Dragon was a monarchical chivalric order for selected higher nobility and monarchs, founded in 1408 by Sigismund of Luxembourg, who was then King of Hungary and later became Holy Roman Emperor. It was fashioned after the military orders of the Crusades, requiring its initiates to defend the cross and fight the enemies of Christianity, particularly the Ottoman Empire.
The Order flourished during the first half of the 15th century, primarily in Germany and Italy. After Sigismund's death in 1437, its importance declined in Western Europe. However, after the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, it continued to play a role in Hungary, Croatia, Albania, Serbia and Romania, which bore the brunt of the Ottoman incursions. The Prince of Wallachia Vlad II Dracul, the father of Vlad the Impaler, took his name from the Order of the Dragon.


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title: Cloutierville, Louisiana hierarchical section title: Cloutierville, Louisiana caption reference description: Bank of Cloutierville building. content: Cloutierville is an unincorporated community in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana, United States. It lies approximately 20 miles south of the city of Natchitoches on the Cane River. The community is part of the Natchitoches Micropolitan Statistical Area, off exit 119 of Interstate 49.
This is a homeland of many multiracial Louisiana Creole people. It is in the NPS Cane River National Heritage Area.


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title: Lexington Centre section title: Gallery hierarchical section title: Lexington Centre / Gallery caption attribution description: English: First Parish, Lexington Massachusetts, April 2010 content: Lexington Centre, often simply called the Centre by locals, is both the geographic and retail center of Lexington, Massachusetts on Massachusetts Avenue. It is home to numerous restaurants, banks, retail shops, beauty parlors, a small cinema, a museum, the Cary Memorial Library, and many historic landmarks, including Lexington Common.


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title: Goražde hierarchical section title: Goražde caption reference description: Location of Goražde within Bosnia and Herzegovina content: Goražde is a city and the administrative center of Bosnian-Podrinje Canton Goražde of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated on the banks of Drina river. As of 2013, it has a population of 20,897 inhabitants.


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title: Gustav I of Sweden section title: Supporting the Sture party hierarchical section title: Gustav I of Sweden / Resistance against the Danish / Supporting the Sture party caption reference description: Gustav Eriksson addressing men from Dalarna in Mora. Painting by Johan Gustaf Sandberg. content: Gustav I, born Gustav Eriksson of the Vasa noble family and later known as Gustav Vasa, was King of Sweden from 1523 until his death in 1560, previously self-recognised Protector of the Realm from 1521, during the ongoing Swedish War of Liberation against King Christian II of Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Gustav rose to lead the rebel movement following the Stockholm Bloodbath, where his father was executed. Gustav's election as king on 6 June 1523 and his triumphant entry into Stockholm eleven days later marked Sweden's final secession from the Kalmar Union.
As king, Gustav proved an energetic administrator with a ruthless streak not inferior to his predecessor's, brutally suppressing subsequent uprisings. He worked to raise taxes and bring about a Reformation in Sweden, replacing the prerogatives of local landowners, noblemen and clergy with centrally appointed governors and bishops. His 37-year rule, which was the longest of a mature Swedish king to that date saw a complete break with not only the Danish - Norwegian supremacy but also the Roman Catholic Church, whose assets were nationalised, with the Lutheran Church of Sweden established under his personal control.

title: Swedish War of Liberation hierarchical section title: Swedish War of Liberation caption reference description: Gustav Vasa addressing the Dalecarlians in Mora.
Johan Gustaf Sandberg, oil on canvas, 1836. content: The Swedish War of Liberation, also known as Gustav Vasa's Rebellion and the Swedish War of Secession, was a rebellion and a civil war in which the nobleman Gustav Vasa successfully deposed King Christian II from the throne of Sweden, ending the Kalmar Union between Sweden, Norway, and Denmark.

title: House of Vasa section title: Election as king hierarchical section title: House of Vasa / Kingdom of Sweden / Gustav I of Sweden / Election as king caption reference description: Gustav Eriksson addressing men from Dalarna in Mora. Painting by Johan Gustaf Sandberg. content: The House of Vasa was an early modern royal house founded in 1523 in Sweden, ruling Sweden 1523–1654, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 1587–1668, and the Tsardom of Russia 1610–1613. Its agnatic line became extinct with the death of King John II Casimir of Poland in 1672.
The House of Vasa descended from a Swedish 14th-century noble family, tracing agnatic kinship to Nils Kettilsson, fogde of Tre Kronor Castle in Stockholm. Several members held high offices during the 15th century. In 1523, after the abolition of the Kalmar Union, Gustav Eriksson became King Gustav I of Sweden and the royal house was founded. His reign is sometimes referred to as the beginning of the modern state of Sweden, which included the King's break with the Roman Catholic Church during the Protestant Reformation and the foundation of the Church of Sweden.
However, his eldest son and successor Erik XIV of Sweden was overthrown by Gustav's younger son, King John III of Sweden. John III married a Catholic Polish princess, Catherine Jagiellon, leading to the House of Vasa becoming rulers of Poland.


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title: Loreto, Baja California Sur hierarchical section title: Loreto, Baja California Sur caption reference description: Main plaza caption attribution description: El Kiosko de Loreto, México. caption alt text description: Main plaza content: Loreto is a resort town and municipal seat of Loreto Municipality, located on the Gulf of California in eastern Baja California Sur state, Mexico. In 2019, the city of 20,385 inhabitants is located about 350 km north of La Paz, the capital of Baja California Sur state.
The city is a tourist resort, catering mostly to American travelers, with daily flights from California to Loreto International Airport.


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title: Richland County, Montana hierarchical section title: Richland County, Montana caption reference description: Location within the U.S. state of Montana content: Richland County is a county found in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 9,746 people. Its county seat is Sidney.

title: Richland County, Montana hierarchical section title: Richland County, Montana caption reference description: Location within the U.S. state of Montana content: Richland County is a county in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 9,746. Its county seat is Sidney.
Richland County was created by the Montana Legislature in 1914 from part of Dawson County. An early proposed name for the county was Gate, but Richland was decided upon instead as a way to entice new settlers.


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title: Kate Linder section title: Life and career hierarchical section title: Kate Linder / Life and career caption reference description: Linder in 2010 caption attribution description: English: Actress Kate Linder, May 2010 content: Kate Linder is an American actress, best known for her role as Esther Valentine on The Young and the Restless, which she has played since 1982.


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title: Clark Street (Chicago) section title: History hierarchical section title: Clark Street (Chicago) / History caption reference description: Clark Street opposite Court House in 1860 content: Clark Street is a north-south street in Chicago, Illinois that runs close to the shore of Lake Michigan from the northern city boundary with Evanston, to 2200 South in the city street numbering system. At its northern end, Clark Street is at 1800 West; however the street runs diagonally through the Chicago grid for about 8 miles to North Avenue and then runs at 100 West for the rest of its course south to Cermak Road. It is also seen in Riverdale beyond 127th street across the Calumet River, along with other nearby streets that ended just south of the Loop. The major length of Clark Street runs a total of 98 blocks.


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title: Hamburger section title: Steak burgers hierarchical section title: Hamburger / Variations / Steak burgers caption reference description: A Burger King angus bacon and cheese steak burger caption attribution description: The Angus burger is a hamburger sold by the international fast-food restaurant chain Burger King. Pictured is a variant which adds bacon and cheddar cheese to the sandwich. content: A hamburger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun. The patty may be pan fried, grilled, smoked or flame broiled. Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, onion, pickles, bacon, or chiles; condiments such as ketchup, mustard, mayonnaise, relish, or a "special sauce", often a variation of Thousand Island dressing; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns. A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.
The term "burger" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the United Kingdom, where the term "patty" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef. Since the term hamburger usually implies beef, for clarity "burger" may be prefixed with the type of meat or meat substitute used, as in beef burger, turkey burger, bison burger, or veggie burger.
Hamburgers are sold at fast-food restaurants, diners, and specialty and high-end restaurants. There are many international and regional variations of the hamburger.

title: Burger King premium burgers section title: The Angus Burger hierarchical section title: Burger King premium burgers / History / North America / The Angus Burger caption reference description: The Angus Burger caption attribution description: The Angus burger is a hamburger sold by the international fast-food restaurant chain Burger King. Pictured is a variant which adds bacon and cheddar cheese to the sandwich. content: As far back as the 1970s, international fast food restaurant chain Burger King has attempted to introduce a premium line of burgers. These sandwiches are part of a system which eventually became known as the barbell strategy; a plan designed to expand Burger King's menu with both more sophisticated, adult-oriented fare along with products that are more value-oriented. This program is intended to bring in a larger, more affluent adult audience who will be willing to spend more on the better quality products on one side while maintaining a lower cost value menu dedicated to a more cost-conscious audience on the other. The hope is that the customers would be drawn in initially for the lower prices of the value-menu and upgrade to the more expensive products, upping overall sales.
The chain's first major attempt was part of their Specialty Sandwich line that was introduced in 1979 was the Sirloin Steak Sandwich. After the failure of the Specialty Sandwich line, Burger King went on to introduce several other premium burgers made from a variety of meats. One major example introduced in 2002 was the BK Back Porch Griller sandwich line.


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title: Pepe (footballer, born 1935) hierarchical section title: Pepe (footballer, born 1935) caption reference description: Pepe in 2008 caption attribution description: English: José Macia, better known as "Pepe". content: José Macia, better known as Pepe is a former association footballer and manager. He was a left winger for Santos and the Brazilian national team. His nickname was "Canhão da Vila", because of his potent kick with his left leg and the fact that Santos plays in the Estádio Urbano Caldera, nicknamed Vila Belmiro.
He claims to be "the greatest human striker in the history of Santos – because Pelé is from Saturn".

title: List of Santos FC records and statistics hierarchical section title: List of Santos FC records and statistics caption attribution description: English: José Macia, better known as "Pepe". content: Santos FC is a football club based in Santos, that competes in the Campeonato Paulista, São Paulo's state league, and the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A or Brasileirão, Brazil's national league. The club was founded in 1912 by the initiative of three sports enthusiasts from Santos by the names of Raimundo Marques, Mário Ferraz de Campos, and Argemiro de Souza Júnior, and played its first friendly match on 23 June 1912. Initially Santos played against other local clubs in the city and state championships, but in 1959 the club became one of the founding members of the Taça Brasil, Brazil's first truly national league. As of 2010, Santos is one of only five clubs never to have been relegated from the top level of Brazilian football, the others being São Paulo, Flamengo, Internacional and Cruzeiro.
Santos has amassed various records since the foundation. Regionally, domestically, and continentally, they have set several records in winning various official and unofficial competitions. On 20 January 1998, Santos became the first in the history of football to reach the milestone of 10,000 goals, scored by Jorginho.

title: José Macia hierarchical section title: José Macia caption attribution description: English: José Macia, better known as "Pepe". content: José Macia is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Santos and Brazil national team.

title: List of Santos FC players section title: List of players hierarchical section title: List of Santos FC players / List of players caption reference description: Pepe caption attribution description: English: José Macia, better known as "Pepe". content: Santos Futebol Clube is a football club based in Santos, that competes in the Campeonato Paulista, São Paulo's state league, and the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A or Brasileirão, Brazil's national league. The club was founded in 1912 by the initiative of three sports enthusiasts from Santos by the names of Raimundo Marques, Mário Ferraz de Campos, and Argemiro de Souza Júnior, and played its first friendly match on June 23, 1912. Initially Santos played against other local clubs in the city and state championships, but in 1959 the club became one of the founding members of the Taça Brasil, Brazil's first truly national league. As of 2010, Santos is one of only five clubs never to have been relegated from the top level of Brazilian football, the others being São Paulo, Flamengo, Internacional and Cruzeiro.
Santos enjoyed a successful start in the Brasileirão, finishing runners-up in the competition's first season. In the period from 1956 to 1974, the "Peixe" team won the Brasileirão six times, including a record-consecutive five titles from 1961 to 1965, and the Campeonato Paulista 11 times. The club did not win the league again until 2002.

title: List of Santos FC managers section title: List of managers hierarchical section title: List of Santos FC managers / List of managers caption reference description: Pepe caption attribution description: English: José Macia, better known as "Pepe". content: Santos FC is a football club based in Santos, that competes in the Campeonato Paulista, São Paulo's state league, and the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A or Brasileirão, Brazil's national league. The club was founded in 1912 by the initiative of three sports enthusiasts from Santos by the names of Raimundo Marques, Mário Ferraz de Campos, and Argemiro de Souza Júnior, and played its first friendly match on 23 June 1914. Initially Santos played against other local clubs in the city and state championships, but in 1959 the club became one of the founding members of the Taça Brasil, Brazil's first truly national league. As of 2010, Santos is one of only five clubs never to have been relegated from the top level of Brazilian football, the others being São Paulo, Flamengo, Internacional and Cruzeiro.
The first full-time manager for Santos was Urbano Caldeira. He originally came from São Paulo to work as a clerk for the club but soon became a player/manager who spent his spare time planting trees and gardens for Santos.


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title: List of people from Kingston, New York section title: Others hierarchical section title: List of people from Kingston, New York / Notable people / Others caption reference description: Self-portrait, John Vanderlyn, 1800 caption attribution description: Self-portrait content: The people listed below were all born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with the city of Kingston, New York.

title: John Vanderlyn hierarchical section title: John Vanderlyn caption reference description: Metropolitan Museum of Art
Self portrait, John Vanderlyn, 1800 caption attribution description: Self-portrait content: John Vanderlyn was a Dutch American neoclassicist painter.


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title: Tim Thomas (ice hockey) section title: 2005–2006 hierarchical section title: Tim Thomas (ice hockey) / Playing career / Boston Bruins / 2005–2006 caption reference description: Tim Thomas after a 2006 game content: Timothy Thomas Jr. is an American retired professional ice hockey goaltender who mainly played in the National Hockey League, most notably with the Boston Bruins.
He was born in Flint, Michigan and is a graduate of Davison High School. Thomas played college hockey for the University of Vermont for four years, from 1993–1997, during which he was drafted 217th overall by the Quebec Nordiques in the 1994 NHL Entry Draft. He played for several years in the minor leagues and Europe, before making it to the NHL at age 28, with the Boston Bruins. He finally emerged as the Bruins' starting goaltender at age 32. Thomas is a two-time winner of the Vezina Trophy as the NHL's best goaltender, and was a member of Team USA in the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. Thomas won the Conn Smythe Trophy as the most valuable player in the 2011 Stanley Cup playoffs. He was the oldest player in NHL history to win the award at age 37. Thomas is one of four American-born players to win the Conn Smythe Trophy, along with Brian Leetch, Jonathan Quick, and Patrick Kane.


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title: Beach Street, George Town section title: History hierarchical section title: Beach Street, George Town / History caption reference description: Beach Street in 1910s content: Beach Street is a major thoroughfare and part of the central business district in George Town, Penang, Malaysia. It is also one of the oldest streets in Penang, having been created soon after the founding of Penang by Captain Francis Light in 1786.
The concentration of Malaysian and international banks around Beach Street has made George Town the financial hub within northern Malaysia. In addition, Beach Street is within the UNESCO World Heritage Site, thanks to the colonial architecture of the bank headquarters and other commercial buildings along the street. Administrative buildings built by the British also once stood along Beach Street; however, these buildings were destroyed during World War II.


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title: Bingham, Illinois hierarchical section title: Bingham, Illinois caption reference description: Location of Bingham in Fayette County, Illinois. content: Bingham is a village in Fayette County, Illinois, United States. The population was 83 at the 2010 census, down from 117 at the 2000 census.
The village was named after Judge Horatio Bingham. A post office was established in 1883.


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title: Cashew chicken hierarchical section title: Cashew chicken caption reference description: A plate of stir-fried cashew chicken (traditional) caption attribution description: English: Gai pad med mamuang, a chicken and cashew dish, as served by the Royal Thai Dining Lounge at 272 Dalhousie Street in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. According to an online menu as viewed on 2009-07-20, the dish is described as: "Chicken with cashew nuts and dried chillies, mushroom, green and red pepper". Français : "Poulet au noix d'acajou et au piment." menu content: Cashew chicken is a Chinese-American dish that combines chicken, with cashews and either a light brown garlic sauce or a thick sauce made from chicken stock, soy sauce and oyster sauce.


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title: Donna Douglas hierarchical section title: Donna Douglas caption reference description: Douglas in 1967 caption attribution description: English: Donna Douglas in 1967 content: Donna Douglas was an American actress and singer, known for her role as Elly May Clampett on The Beverly Hillbillies. Following her acting career, Douglas became a real estate agent, gospel singer, inspirational speaker, and author of books for children and adults.

title: Donna Douglas hierarchical section title: Donna Douglas caption reference description: Donna Douglas in 1967. caption attribution description: English: Donna Douglas in 1967 content: Donna Douglas was an American actress. She was best known for her role as Elly May Clampett in the CBS television series The Beverly Hillbillies from 1962 to 1971. She also appeared in the series The Twilight Zone and the movie Frankie and Johnny, alongside Elvis Presley.
Douglas was born in Pride, Louisiana. She had a son, Danny P. Bourgeois. She was married twice, both ending in divorce.
Douglas died from pancreatic cancer on January 1, 2015 in Zachary, Louisiana, aged 82.

title: Deaths in January 2015 section title: January 2015 hierarchical section title: Deaths in January 2015 / January 2015 caption reference description: Donna Douglas 1932-2015 caption attribution description: English: Donna Douglas in 1967 content: The following is a list of notable deaths in January 2015.
Name, age, country of citizenship and reason for notability, cause of death, reference are added.


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title: Guelph section title: After 1878 hierarchical section title: Guelph / History / After 1878 caption reference description: Guelph City Hall in 1920 caption attribution description: "Guelph City hall" content: Guelph is a city in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. Known as "The Royal City", Guelph is roughly 28 km east of Kitchener and 100 km west of Downtown Toronto, at the intersection of Highway 6, Highway 7 and Wellington County Road 124. It is the seat of Wellington County, but is politically independent of it. The city is built on the traditional territory of the Mississaugas of the Credit First Nation.
Guelph began as a settlement in the 1820s, established by Scotsman John Galt, who was in Upper Canada as the first Superintendent of the Canada Company. He based the headquarters, and his home, in the community. The area – much of which became Wellington County – had been part of the Halton Block, a Crown Reserve for the Six Nations Iroquois. Galt would later be considered as the founder of Guelph.
For many years, Guelph ranked at or near the bottom of Canada's crime severity list. However, the 2017 Crime Severity Index showed a 15% increase from 2016. Guelph has been noted as having one of the lowest unemployment rates in the country throughout the Great Recession.


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title: Bakuriani hierarchical section title: Bakuriani caption attribution description: English: Bakuriani winter resort, Georgia. Altitude: 1700 m content: Bakuriani is a daba and a skiing resort in the Borjomi district of Georgia. It is located on the northern slope of the Trialeti Range, at an elevation of 1,700 meters above sea level.


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title: Salbertrand hierarchical section title: Salbertrand caption attribution description: View of Salbertrand (Piedmont-Italy) content: Salbertrand is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, about 60 km west of Turin. At 31 December 2004 it had a population of 522 and an area of 40.9 km². It has a railway station on the Turin-Modane railway.
Salbertrand borders the following municipalities: Exilles, Oulx and Pragelato.


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title: Mandera County hierarchical section title: Mandera County caption reference description: Location of Mandera County in Kenya content: Mandera County is a county in the former North Eastern Province of Kenya. Its capital and largest town is Mandera. The county is bordered by Ethiopia to the north, by Somalia to the east and by Wajir County to the southwest. According to the 2019 census, the county has a population of 867,457 and an area of 25,939.8 km². The main economic activity in the county is pastoralism, while others include cross-border trade with Ethiopia, artisanal mining, beekeeping and agriculture along the Dawa River.


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title: FN P90 section title: Users hierarchical section title: FN P90 / Users caption reference description: The Cypriot National Guard purchased 350 P90s in 2000.[7] caption attribution description: English: FN P90 submachine gun in hands of Cypriot National Guard during parade in Larnaca. Français : Un Pistolet mitrailleur semi-automatique FN P90 aux mains d'un Garde national chypriote. Photo prise durant un défilé à Larnaca. caption alt text description: Photo of a Cypriot National Guard member carrying a P90 during a parade in Larnaca content: The FN P90, also known as the FN Project 1990 PDWS, is a compact personal defense weapon designed and manufactured by FN Herstal in Belgium. Created in response to NATO requests for a replacement for 9×19mm Parabellum firearms, the P90 was designed as a compact but powerful firearm for vehicle crews, operators of crew-served weapons, support personnel, special forces, and counter-terrorist groups.
Designed in conjunction with the FN Five-seven pistol and FN 5.7×28mm ammunition, development of the weapon began in 1986, and production commenced in 1990, whereupon the 5.7×28mm ammunition was redesigned and shortened. A modified version of the P90 with a magazine adapted to use the new ammunition was introduced in 1993, and the Five-seven pistol was subsequently introduced as a companion weapon using the same 5.7×28mm ammunition.
Featuring a compact bullpup design with an integrated reflex sight and fully ambidextrous controls, the P90 is an unconventional weapon with a futuristic appearance. Its design incorporates several innovations such as a unique top-mounted magazine and FN's small-caliber, high-velocity 5.7×28mm ammunition.

title: List of military equipment of Cyprus hierarchical section title: List of military equipment of Cyprus caption reference description: FN P90 in the hands of Cypriot National Guard during a parade in Larnaca caption attribution description: English: FN P90 submachine gun in hands of Cypriot National Guard during parade in Larnaca. Français : Un Pistolet mitrailleur semi-automatique FN P90 aux mains d'un Garde national chypriote. Photo prise durant un défilé à Larnaca. content: The Cyprus National Guard is a combined arms force and represents the organised air, land and sea capabilities of the Republic of Cyprus. Equipment has in the past, and usually still is, imported from other countries, since the country has only very limited heavy industrial and commercial industrial capacity due to its small population and land mass. The role of maintaining, upgrading and modifying military equipment is primarily the task of the National Guard Technical Corps, though more complex activities rely upon the availability of civil contracts.


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title: List of Oregon state parks hierarchical section title: List of Oregon state parks caption reference description: Crown Point and Vista House, taken from Portland Women's Forum viewpoint caption attribution description: English: Crown Point, Oregon and the Columbia River Gorge, photographed by Eric Guinther on April 28, 2004. Air quality leaves much to be desired! Deutsch: Columbia River Gorge mit Crown Point Suomi: Columbia joki Oregonissa content: This is a list of state parks and other facilities managed by the State Parks and Recreation Department of the U.S. state of Oregon.
The variety of locales and amenities of the parks reflect the diverse geography of Oregon, including beaches, forests, lakes, rock pinnacles, and deserts. The state parks offer many outdoor recreation opportunities, such as overnight camping facilities, day hiking, fishing, boating, historic sites, and scenic rest stops and viewpoints.


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title: Rookery Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve section title: History hierarchical section title: Rookery Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve / History caption reference description: Aerial view of an island in Rookery Bay caption attribution description: English: Aerial view of an island in Rookery Bay content: Rookery Bay Reserve protects 110,000 acres of coastal lands and waters at the northern end of the Ten Thousand Islands on the gulf coast of Florida, Rookery Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve represents one of the few remaining undisturbed mangrove estuaries in North America.
The Rookery Bay and Ten Thousand Islands ecosystem is a prime example of a nearly pristine subtropical mangrove forested estuary. Rookery Bay Reserve is located in the West Florida subregion of the West Indian Biogeographic Region.


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title: Richard Nixon section title: Return to public life hierarchical section title: Richard Nixon / Post-presidency (1974–1994) / Return to public life caption reference description: President Jimmy Carter, former Presidents Gerald Ford and Nixon meet at the White House in preparation for the funeral of former Vice President Hubert Humphrey, 1978 content: Richard Milhous Nixon was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 until 1974. A member of the Republican Party, Nixon previously served as the 36th vice president from 1953 to 1961, having risen to national prominence as a representative and senator from California. After five years in the White House that saw the conclusion to the U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War, détente with the Soviet Union and China, and the establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency, he became the only president to resign from the office.
Nixon was born into a poor family in a small town in Southern California. He graduated from Duke University School of Law in 1937 and returned to California to practice law. He and his wife Pat moved to Washington in 1942 to work for the federal government. He served on active duty in the Navy Reserve during World War II. He was elected to the House of Representatives in 1946. His pursuit of the Hiss Case established his reputation as a leading anti-Communist which elevated him to national prominence. In 1950, he was elected to the Senate. He was the running mate of Dwight D.


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title: McNeil Island section title: McNeil Island Cemetery and Prison hierarchical section title: McNeil Island / History / McNeil Island Cemetery and Prison caption reference description: McNeil Island Penitentiary in 1937 content: McNeil Island is an island in the northwest United States in south Puget Sound, located southwest of Tacoma, Washington. With a land area of 6.6319 square miles, it lies just north of Anderson Island; Fox Island is to the north, across Carr Inlet, and to the west, separated from Key Peninsula by Pitt Passage. The Washington mainland lies to the east, across the south basin of Puget Sound.
The island has been owned by the government for most of its history; it was a federal penitentiary for over a century, from 1875 to 1981. It was turned over to the Washington State Department of Corrections and became the McNeil Island Corrections Center, until it closed in 2011. It was the last remaining island prison in the country to be accessible only by air and sea.
In November 2010, the state announced closure plans for 2011, saving $14 million. A detention center for violent sexual offenders remains on the island.
The McNeil Island Historical Society was chartered in 2010 shortly after the closing of the prison for the purpose of educating the public about, and preserving, the rich history of McNeil Island.

title: McNeil Island Corrections Center hierarchical section title: McNeil Island Corrections Center caption reference description: McNeil Island in 1937 content: The McNeil Island Corrections Center was a prison in the northwest United States, operated by the Washington State Department of Corrections. It was on McNeil Island in Puget Sound in unincorporated Pierce County, near Steilacoom, Washington.
Opened 145 years ago in 1875, it had previously served as a territorial correctional facility and then a federal penitentiary. Americans sentenced to terms of imprisonment by the United States courts that operated in China in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries served their terms at McNeil Island. In the 1910s, inmates included Robert Stroud, the "Birdman of Alcatraz", who fatally stabbed a prison guard in March 1916.
During World War II, eighty-five Japanese Americans who had resisted the draft to protest their wartime confinement, including civil rights activist Gordon Hirabayashi, were sentenced to prison terms at McNeil; all were pardoned by President Harry S. Truman in 1947. Career criminal and novelist James Fogle was sent to McNeil at the age of 17 in the 1950s.

title: United States Court for China section title: Imprisonment hierarchical section title: United States Court for China / Imprisonment caption reference description: McNeil Island Penitentiary in 1937 content: The United States Court for China was a United States district court that had extraterritorial jurisdiction over U.S. citizens in China. It existed from 1906 to 1943 and had jurisdiction in civil and criminal matters, with appeals taken to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in San Francisco.


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title: Cameroon section title: Education and health hierarchical section title: Cameroon / Education and health caption reference description: School children in Cameroon. caption attribution description: English: Cameroonian school children gather around U.S. Army Master Sgt. John Reid, center, for a group photo near Douala, Cameroon, March 19, 2014, during Central Accord 14. Central Accord is an annual U.S. Army Africa-led aerial resupply exercise in Cameroon designed to strengthen the logistical capabilities of U.S. and Cameroonian forces. content: Cameroon, officially the Republic of Cameroon, is a country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west and north; Chad to the northeast; the Central African Republic to the east; and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon and the Republic of the Congo to the south. Cameroon's coastline lies on the Bight of Biafra, part of the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean. Although Cameroon is not an ECOWAS member state, it is geographically and historically in West Africa with the Southern Cameroons which now form her Nord-Ouest and Sud-Ouest Regions having a strong West African history. However, since 2017, elements within the South West and North West regions have since declared an independent state called Ambazonia. The country is sometimes identified as West African and other times as Central African due to its strategic position at the crossroads between West and Central Africa. Cameroon is home to over 250 native languages spoken by nearly 25 million people.
Early inhabitants of the territory included the Sao civilisation around Lake Chad and the Baka hunter-gatherers in the southeastern rainforest.


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title: Aeronautical mobile service hierarchical section title: Aeronautical mobile service caption reference description: Aeronautical station of the Aeronautical mobile (OR) service in Afghanistan caption attribution description: English: Air Force Combat Controllers clear airspace and runways for a C-130 to take off in support of Operation Enduring FreedomРусский: Руководители полётов ВВС США осуществляют управление C-130 на полевом аэродроме в Афганистане во время операции «Несокрушимая свобода» content: Aeronautical mobile service is – according to Article 1.32 of the International Telecommunication Union's Radio Regulations – defined as «A mobile service between aeronautical stations and aircraft stations, or between aircraft stations, in which survival craft stations may participate; emergency position-indicating radiobeacon stations may also participate in this service on designated distress and emergency frequencies.»
See also

title: Aeronautical station hierarchical section title: Aeronautical station caption reference description: Aeronautical station of the Aeronautical mobile (OR) service in Afghanistan caption attribution description: English: Air Force Combat Controllers clear airspace and runways for a C-130 to take off in support of Operation Enduring FreedomРусский: Руководители полётов ВВС США осуществляют управление C-130 на полевом аэродроме в Афганистане во время операции «Несокрушимая свобода» content: Aeronautical station is – according to Article 1.81 of the International Telecommunication Union´s ITU Radio Regulations – defined as «A land station in the aeronautical mobile service. In certain instances, an aeronautical station may be located, for example, on board ship or on a platform at sea.»
Each station shall be classified by the service in which it operates permanently or temporarily.
See also

title: United States Air Force Combat Control Team section title: Modern era hierarchical section title: United States Air Force Combat Control Team / History / Modern era caption reference description: Air Force Combat Controllers participating in Operation Enduring Freedom provide air traffic control to a C-130 taking off from a remote airfield. caption attribution description: English: Air Force Combat Controllers clear airspace and runways for a C-130 to take off in support of Operation Enduring FreedomРусский: Руководители полётов ВВС США осуществляют управление C-130 на полевом аэродроме в Афганистане во время операции «Несокрушимая свобода» content: United States Air Force Combat Control Teams, singular Combat Controller, are American special operations forces who specialize in all aspects of air-ground communication, including air traffic control, fire support, and command, control, and communications in covert, forward, or austere environments.
Assigned to Special Tactics Squadrons and Special Tactics Teams along with Pararescuemen, Special Operations Reconnaissance, and Tactical Air Control Party operators, Combat Controllers are an integral part of Air Force Special Operations Command, the Air Force component of United States Special Operations Command, and of Joint Special Operations Command. Trained in underwater and maritime operations, freefall parachuting, and many other deployment methods, Combat Controllers are often assigned individually or as a team to Army Special Forces, Army Ranger, Navy SEAL, and Delta Force to provide expert airfield seizure, airstrike control, and communications capabilities.
Combat Controllers are FAA-certified air traffic controllers and maintain proficiency throughout their career.

title: List of United States Air Force special tactics squadrons hierarchical section title: List of United States Air Force special tactics squadrons caption reference description: Combat Controllers guiding a C-130 while taking off at a remote airfield caption attribution description: English: Air Force Combat Controllers clear airspace and runways for a C-130 to take off in support of Operation Enduring FreedomРусский: Руководители полётов ВВС США осуществляют управление C-130 на полевом аэродроме в Афганистане во время операции «Несокрушимая свобода» content: This is a list of United States Air Force special tactics squadrons. It covers special operations forces units assigned to Air Force Special Operations Command in the United States Air Force.
Special Tactics Squadrons consist of Special Tactics Officers, Combat Controllers, Combat Rescue Officers, Pararescuemen, Air Force Special Operations Weather Technicians, Air Liaison Officers, Tactical Air Control Party operators, and a number of combat support airmen which comprise 58 Air Force specialties.

title: Aeronautical mobile (OR) service hierarchical section title: Aeronautical mobile (OR) service caption reference description: Aeronautical station of the Aeronautical mobile (OR) service in Afghanistan caption attribution description: English: Air Force Combat Controllers clear airspace and runways for a C-130 to take off in support of Operation Enduring FreedomРусский: Руководители полётов ВВС США осуществляют управление C-130 на полевом аэродроме в Афганистане во время операции «Несокрушимая свобода» content: Aeronautical mobile (OR) service is – according to Article 1.34 of the International Telecommunication Union's Radio Regulations – defined as «An aeronautical mobile service intended for communications, including those relating to flight coordination, primarily outside national or international civil air routes.»
See also