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title: Duncan's Retreat, Utah hierarchical section title: Duncan's Retreat, Utah caption reference description: One of many pear trees at the abandoned village, 30 August 1929 content: Duncan's Retreat is a ghost town located just off Utah State Route 9 in the eastern part of Washington County, in southwestern Utah, United States. Lying some 3 miles east of Virgin and just southwest of Zion National Park, Duncan's Retreat was inhabited about 1861–1895.


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title: Niagara Falls Air Reserve Station section title: Naval air station hierarchical section title: Niagara Falls Air Reserve Station / History / Naval air station caption reference description: 1981 tarmac of NFAFB with NYANG McDonnell F-101 Voodoos. caption attribution description: A U.S. Air National Guard McDonnell F-101B Voodoo aircraft in a line while undergoing general maintenance. The aircraft were assigned to the 107th Fighter Interceptor Group, New York Air National Guard, at Niagara Falls Air Base, New York (USA). content: Niagara Falls Air Reserve Station is an Air Force Reserve Command military installation operationally-gained by the Air Mobility Command. It is located adjacent to Niagara Falls International Airport, New York, 4.7 miles east-northeast of Niagara Falls, New York. The station is the last "federal" USAF installation in the state, the other remaining USAF installations falling under the Air National Guard.
The host unit for the base is the 914th Air Refueling Wing of the Air Force Reserve Command which operates the KC-135 Stratotanker. The 107th Attack Wing of the New York Air National Guard is also stationed at the base.
A Military Entrance Processing Station for all five branches of the U.S. is also located at the station. Both the 914 ARW and 107 ATW number in excess of 3,000 military personnel.


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title: Fingerstyle guitar section title: Electric blues and rock hierarchical section title: Fingerstyle guitar / Electric guitar / Electric blues and rock caption attribution description: English: Lindsey Buckingham With Fleetwood Mac on March 3, 2009 in St. Paul, MN at the Xcel Energy Center. Photo by Matt Becker, melodicrockconcerts@gmail.com Use without citation is prohibited by law. content: Fingerstyle guitar is the technique of playing the guitar or bass guitar by plucking the strings directly with the fingertips, fingernails, or picks attached to fingers, as opposed to flatpicking. The term "fingerstyle" is something of a misnomer, since it is present in several different genres and styles of music—but mostly, because it involves a completely different technique, not just a "style" of playing, especially for the guitarist's picking/plucking hand. The term is often used synonymously with fingerpicking except in classical guitar circles, although fingerpicking can also refer to a specific tradition of folk, blues and country guitar playing in the US. The terms "fingerstyle" and "fingerpicking" also applied to similar string instruments such as the banjo.
Music arranged for fingerstyle playing can include chords, arpeggios and other elements such as artificial harmonics, hammering on and pulling off notes with the fretting hand, using the body of the guitar percussively, and many other techniques. Often, the guitarist will play the melody notes, interspersed with the melody's accompanying chords and the deep bassline simultaneously.

title: Rick Turner (luthier) section title: Career hierarchical section title: Rick Turner (luthier) / Career caption reference description: Fleetwood Mac guitarist Lindsey Buckingham playing a Rick Turner Model One Guitar, designed originally for Buckingham as his signature instrument. caption attribution description: English: Lindsey Buckingham With Fleetwood Mac on March 3, 2009 in St. Paul, MN at the Xcel Energy Center. Photo by Matt Becker, melodicrockconcerts@gmail.com Use without citation is prohibited by law. content: Rick Turner is an American builder of guitars and basses.

title: List of Fleetwood Mac members section title: Former hierarchical section title: List of Fleetwood Mac members / Members / Former caption attribution description: English: Lindsey Buckingham With Fleetwood Mac on March 3, 2009 in St. Paul, MN at the Xcel Energy Center. Photo by Matt Becker, melodicrockconcerts@gmail.com Use without citation is prohibited by law. content: Fleetwood Mac are a British-American rock band, originally formed in London. Formed in July 1967, the group originally consisted of lead guitarist and vocalist Peter Green, slide guitarist and vocalist Jeremy Spencer, bassist Bob Brunning and drummer Mick Fleetwood. The band's current lineup includes Fleetwood, bassist John McVie, keyboardist and vocalist Christine McVie, vocalist Stevie Nicks, and guitarists Mike Campbell and Neil Finn.


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title: Royal Patriarchal Music Seminary of Lisbon section title: Preface to the decline of Portugal hierarchical section title: Royal Patriarchal Music Seminary of Lisbon / Seminary's continuation / Preface to the decline of Portugal caption reference description: Illus. 15: Portrait of Queen Maria I of Portugal dated 1783 and attributed either to Thomas Hickey (1741–1824) or Giuseppe Troni (1739–1810). Collection of the Palace of Queluz. content: The Royal Patriarchal Music Seminary of Lisbon was founded in 1713 by Portugal's king João V to train singers for his Royal Chapel of Saint Thomas at Ribeira Palace.
Its role was similar to that of other schools which for some centuries had been training singers and musicians for European abbeys, cathedrals, parish and collegiate churches, and court chapels. Over time, its influence expanded as it produced singers, instrumentalists and composers of merit, many of whom took on careers in sacred and secular music including opera outside Portugal.
According to the records, the official date of the Seminary's foundation was 9 April 1713, three years before the Patriarchate of Lisbon came into operation. At that early stage, the Seminary was housed in the Archbishop's Palace near Lisbon Cathedral; but from the outset, the Seminary's function and purpose were directly associated with the court, and once the position of Patriarch of Lisbon was created and the holder became chaplain to the king, the Seminary as part of the patriarchal household continued to serve its primary purpose in providing music in the Royal Chapel.

title: History of Brazil section title: The Kingdom and Empire of Brazil hierarchical section title: History of Brazil / The Kingdom and Empire of Brazil caption reference description: Queen Maria I of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves content: The history of Brazil begins with indigenous people in Brazil. Europeans arrived in Brazil at the opening of the 16th century. The first European to claim sovereignty over Indigenous lands part of what is now the territory of the Federative Republic of Brazil on the continent of South America was Pedro Álvares Cabral on April 22, 1500 under the sponsorship of the Kingdom of Portugal. From the 16th to the early 19th century, Brazil was a colony and a part of the Portuguese Empire. The country expanded south along the coast and west along the Amazon and other inland rivers from the original 15 donatary captaincy colonies established on the northeast Atlantic coast east of the Tordesillas Line of 1494 that divided the Portuguese domain to the east from the Spanish domain to the west, although Brazil was at one time a colony of Spain. The country's borders were only finalized in the early 20th century.
On September 7, 1822, the country declared its independence from Portugal and it became the Empire of Brazil. A military coup in 1889 established the First Brazilian Republic.

title: Kingdom of Brazil section title: Creation hierarchical section title: Kingdom of Brazil / Creation caption reference description: Queen Maria I of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves, was the first monarch of the Kingdom of Brazil. content: The Kingdom of Brazil was a constituent kingdom of United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves.


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title: Pickens Plan hierarchical section title: Pickens Plan caption reference description: Wind turbines generate electricity behind a pumpjack in Muenster, Texas. This could be a common scene in the Great Plains if Pickens Plan is adopted. caption attribution description: English: Wolf Ridge Wind Farm in Muenster, Texas content: The Pickens Plan is an energy policy proposal announced July 8, 2008, by American businessman T. Boone Pickens. Pickens wanted to reduce American dependence on imported oil by investing approximately $US1 trillion in new wind turbine farms for power generation, which he believed would allow the natural gas used for power generation to be shifted to fuel trucks and other heavy vehicles with Compressed natural gas. Pickens stated that his plan could reduce by $300 billion the amount the country spends annually on foreign oil.


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title: Wendy Hiller hierarchical section title: Wendy Hiller caption reference description: Hiller in Sailor of the King (1953) caption attribution description: English: English actress Wendy Hiller - American publicity still for the british-US film Sailor of the King (US title) aka Single-Handed or Brown on Resolution (british titles) - cropped (see source for the original image) content: Dame Wendy Margaret Hiller, DBE was an English film and stage actress, who enjoyed a varied acting career that spanned nearly sixty years. The writer Joel Hirschorn, in his 1984 compilation Rating the Movie Stars, described her as "a no-nonsense actress who literally took command of the screen whenever she appeared on film". Despite many notable film performances, she chose to remain primarily a stage actress.
She won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in Separate Tables. Her performance as Eliza Doolittle in Pygmalion saw her nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress.

title: 2003 section title: May hierarchical section title: 2003 / Deaths / May caption reference description: Wendy Hiller caption attribution description: English: English actress Wendy Hiller - American publicity still for the british-US film Sailor of the King (US title) aka Single-Handed or Brown on Resolution (british titles) - cropped (see source for the original image) content: 2003 was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 2003rd year of the Common Era and Anno Domini designations, the 3rd year of the 3rd millennium, the 3rd year of the 21st century, and the 4th year of the 2000s decade.
2003 was designated the International Year of the Fresh Water.

title: Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress section title: Winners and nominees hierarchical section title: Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress / Winners and nominees caption reference description: Wendy Hiller won for her performance in Separate Tables (1958). caption attribution description: English: English actress Wendy Hiller - American publicity still for the british-US film Sailor of the King (US title) aka Single-Handed or Brown on Resolution (british titles) - cropped (see source for the original image) caption alt text description: Black-and-white publicity photo of Wendy Hiller in 1953. content: The Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actress who has delivered an outstanding performance in a supporting role while working within the film industry. The award was traditionally presented by the previous year's Best Supporting Actor winner.
At the 9th Academy Awards ceremony held in 1937, Gale Sondergaard was the first winner of this award for her role in Anthony Adverse. Initially, winners in both supporting acting categories were awarded plaques instead of statuettes. Beginning with the 16th ceremony held in 1944, winners received full-sized statuettes. Currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the actors branch of AMPAS; winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy.
Since its inception, the award has been given to 82 actresses. Dianne Wiest and Shelley Winters have received the most awards in this category with two awards each. Despite winning no awards, Thelma Ritter was nominated on six occasions, more than any other actress.


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title: Juyushi Mosque hierarchical section title: Juyushi Mosque caption reference description: The Dome of Juyushi Mosque before restoration caption attribution description: English: Exterior shot of the al Juyushi Mosque in Muqattam content: The Juyushi Mosque was built by the vizier Badr al-Jamali who was Amir al-Juyush for the Fatimid Caliphate. The mosque was completed in 478 AH/1085 CE under the patronage of Imam-Caliph al-Mustansir Billah. It was built on an end of the Mokattam to ensure a view of Cairo.
In the Ottoman period, the mosque was probably used by Sufis as a monastery.


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title: Hallstatt culture section title: Hallstatt type site hierarchical section title: Hallstatt culture / Hallstatt type site caption reference description: Section of the Hallstatt salt mine content: The Hallstatt culture was the predominant Western and Central European culture of Late Bronze Age from the 12th to 8th centuries BC and Early Iron Age Europe from the 8th to 6th centuries BC, developing out of the Urnfield culture of the 12th century BC and followed in much of its area by the La Tène culture. It is commonly associated with Proto-Celtic and Celtic populations in the Western Hallstatt zone and with Illyrians in the eastern Hallstatt zone.
It is named for its type site, Hallstatt, a lakeside village in the Austrian Salzkammergut southeast of Salzburg, where there was a rich salt mine, and some 1,300 burials are known, many with fine artifacts. Material from Hallstatt has been classified into 4 periods, designated "Hallstatt A" to "D". Hallstatt A and B are regarded as Late Bronze Age and the terms used for wider areas, such as "Hallstatt culture", or "period", "style" and so on, relate to the Iron Age Hallstatt C and D.
By the 6th century BC, it had expanded to include wide territories, falling into two zones, east and west, between them covering much of western and central Europe down to the Alps, and extending into northern Italy.

title: Hallstatt section title: Iron Age hierarchical section title: Hallstatt / History / Iron Age caption reference description: Section of the Iron Age Hallstatt salt workings content: Hallstatt is a small town in the district of Gmunden, in the Austrian state of Upper Austria.
Situated between the southwestern shore of Hallstätter See and the steep slopes of the Dachstein massif, the town lies in Salzkammergut region, on the national road linking Salzburg and Graz.
Hallstatt is known for its production of salt, dating back to prehistoric times, and gave its name to the Hallstatt culture, the archaeological culture linked to Proto-Celtic and early Celtic people of the Early Iron Age in Europe, c. 800–450 BC.
Hallstatt is at the core of the "Hallstatt-Dachstein/Salzkammergut Cultural Landscape" declared as one of the World Heritage Sites in Austria by UNESCO in 1997. It is an area of overtourism.


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title: Secunderabad Junction railway station section title: Commuter rail hierarchical section title: Secunderabad Junction railway station / Service / Commuter rail caption reference description: MMTS train Arriving It platform 10 caption attribution description: English: Falakaunama Hyderabad MMTS Arriving Secunderabad Platform 10 caption alt text description: Two-tone blue train content: Secunderabad Junction, is a major intercity railway station and a commuter rail hub in the Hyderabad urban area. In the city centre, the station is in the South Central Railway zone of Indian Railways. Built in 1874 by the Nizam of Hyderabad during the British era, it was the main station of Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway until the Kachiguda railway station opened in 1916. The station was taken over by Indian Railways in 1951, when NGSR was nationalized. Its main portico and concourse are influenced by Nizamesque architecture. The station, which resembles a fort, is a tourist attraction in the twin cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad.
It is connected by rail to all regions of India. About 170,000 passengers arrive at the station daily on 229 trains. On the Vijayawada–Wadi and Secunderabad-Manmad railway lines, it is the zone headquarters of the South Central Railway and the headquarters of the SCR's Secunderabad Division. The station has received ISO-9001 certification for quality management in ticket booking, parcel and luggage booking and platform management. Indian Railways has proposed an upgrade to a world-class station, emphasising vertical expansion.


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title: Trialism in Austria-Hungary hierarchical section title: Trialism in Austria-Hungary caption reference description: Trialist proposal from 1905. Henrik Hanau, Vienna caption attribution description: Hrvatski: Trialisticki zemljevid Bec 1905 Henrik Hanau English: Trialist monarchy map of the Habsburg Monarchy second edition Slovenščina: Trialistični zemljevid habsburške monarhije druga izdaja content: In the history of the Austria-Hungary trialism was the political movement that aimed to reorganize the bipartite Empire into a tripartite one, creating a Croatian state equal in status to Austria and Hungary. Franz Ferdinand promoted trialism before his assassination in 1914 to prevent the Empire from being ripped apart by Slavic dissent. The Empire would be restructured three ways instead of two, with the Slavic element given representation at the highest levels equivalent to what Austria and Hungary had at the time. Serbians saw this as a threat to their dream of a new state of Yugoslavia. Hungarian leaders had a predominant voice in imperial circles and strongly rejected Trialism because it would liberate many of their minorities from Hungarian rule they considered oppressive.
The idea never came close to actual implementation, though it had several notable proponents among the political elites. At the end of World War I, its advocates briefly obtained nominal support for a trialist manifesto, but the monarchy as a whole crumbled shortly thereafter.


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title: List of towns and cities in Norway section title: City or town status since before 1996 hierarchical section title: List of towns and cities in Norway / Cities and towns in Norway / City or town status since before 1996 caption reference description: Fredrikstad, The biggest city in Østfold, and one of the top 20 biggest cities in Norway caption attribution description: Norsk bokmål: Bryggepromenaden i Fredrikstad sett fra Kråkerøybroa English: Riverside promenade in Fredrikstad seen from bridge to Kråkerøy content: Below is a list of towns and cities in Norway. The Norwegian word for town or city is by. Cities were formerly categorized as kjøpstad or ladested, each with special rights. The special trading rights for cities were abolished in 1857, and the classification was entirely rescinded in 1952 and replaced by the simple classification by.

title: List of urban areas in the Nordic countries section title: List hierarchical section title: List of urban areas in the Nordic countries / List caption attribution description: Norsk bokmål: Bryggepromenaden i Fredrikstad sett fra Kråkerøybroa English: Riverside promenade in Fredrikstad seen from bridge to Kråkerøy content: This is a list of urban areas in the Nordic countries by population. The population is measured on a national level, independently by each country's statistical bureau. Statistics Sweden uses the term tätort, Statistics Finland also uses tätort in Swedish and taajama in Finnish, Statistics Denmark uses byområde, while Statistics Norway uses tettsted.
A uniform statistical definition between the Nordic countries was agreed upon in 1960, which defines an urban area as a continuous built-up area whose population is at least 200 inhabitants and where the maximum distance between residences is 200 metres; discounting roads, parking spaces, parks, sports grounds and cemeteries – without regard to the ward, municipal or county boundaries. Despite the uniform definition, the various statistical bureaus have different approaches in conducting these measurements, resulting in slight variation between the countries.
Despite belonging to the Nordic countries, Iceland does not follow the same definition of "urban area" for statistical purposes.

title: Fredrikstad hierarchical section title: Fredrikstad caption attribution description: Norsk bokmål: Bryggepromenaden i Fredrikstad sett fra Kråkerøybroa English: Riverside promenade in Fredrikstad seen from bridge to Kråkerøy content: Fredrikstad is a city and municipality in Viken county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Fredrikstad.
The city of Fredrikstad was founded in 1567 by King Frederick II, and established as a municipality on 1 January 1838. The rural municipality of Glemmen was merged with Fredrikstad on 1 January 1964. The rural municipalities of Borge, Onsøy, Kråkerøy, and Rolvsøy were merged with Fredrikstad on 1 January 1994.
The city straddles the river Glomma where it meets the Skagerrak, about 20 kilometres from the Sweden border. Along with neighboring Sarpsborg, Fredrikstad forms the fifth largest city in Norway: Fredrikstad/Sarpsborg. As of 1 January 2018, according to Statistics Norway, these two municipalities have a total population of 136,117 with 80,977 in Fredrikstad and 55,140 in Sarpsborg.
Fredrikstad was built at the mouth of Glomma as a replacement after Sarpsborg was burnt down by the Swedish Army in the 1500s. Some of the citizens stayed behind and rebuilt their old town at its original site and got their city status back in 1839.


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title: Kraks Fond hierarchical section title: Kraks Fond caption reference description: The building in Fæstningens Materialgård where the Krak Foundation is now based caption attribution description: English: The Materialforvalterboligen building at Fæstningens Materielgård (30 Frederiksholms Kanal) in Copenhagen, Denmark content: Kraks Fond is a foundation based in Copenhagen, Denmark. The foundation was established in 1924 as the owner of the publishing house Kraks Forlag. In 2007, Kraks Forlag was sold to Eniro. The foundation is today based in Fæstningens Materialgård at Frederiksholms Kanal.

title: Listed buildings in Copenhagen Municipality section title: F hierarchical section title: Listed buildings in Copenhagen Municipality / City Centre / F caption attribution description: English: The Materialforvalterboligen building at Fæstningens Materielgård (30 Frederiksholms Kanal) in Copenhagen, Denmark content: This is a list of listed buildings in Copenhagen Municipality, Denmark.

title: Fæstningens Materialgård section title: The Storage Keeper's House hierarchical section title: Fæstningens Materialgård / Layout and architecture / The Storage Keeper's House caption reference description: The Storage Keeper's House seen from the courtyard caption attribution description: English: The Materialforvalterboligen building at Fæstningens Materielgård (30 Frederiksholms Kanal) in Copenhagen, Denmark content: Fæstningens Materialgård is a former military storage facility at 30 Frederiksholms Kanal in Copenhagen, Denmark. Arranged around a central courtyard, the individual buildings have been built to a homogeneous design, all with yellow-washed facades, green doors and gates, white window frames and red tile roofs, but they have in fact been accumulated over an extended period of time, mainly between 1740 and 1925. They also integrate visually and physically with the adjacent Civiletatens Materialgård, a storage facility associated with the royal palaces, and the Royal Horse Guards Barracks, together forming an area of low, yellow buildings surrounded on three sides by Frederiksholm Canal, Bryghusgade and Vester Voldgade.
The International Federation for Housing and Planning maintains an office at 30 Frederiksholms Kanal.


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title: Sapieha section title: Palaces hierarchical section title: Sapieha / Palaces caption attribution description: Polski: Wieleń, al. Zamkowa - zespół pałacowy z XVIII, XVIII/XIX w.: pałac Sapiehów (zabytek nr 135/5/A) content: Sapieha is a Polish and Lithuanian noble and magnate family of Lithuanian and Ruthenian origin, descending from the medieval boyars of Smolensk and Polotsk. The family acquired great influence and wealth in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth during the 16th century.

title: Wieleń hierarchical section title: Wieleń caption reference description: Sapieha Palace caption attribution description: Polski: Wieleń, al. Zamkowa - zespół pałacowy z XVIII, XVIII/XIX w.: pałac Sapiehów (zabytek nr 135/5/A) caption alt text description: Sapieha Palace content: Wieleń is a town in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland. It is situated on the river Noteć.


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title: Brunswick, New York section title: Education hierarchical section title: Brunswick, New York / Education caption reference description: Brunswick is part of five school districts: Averill Park, Brittonkill, Lansingburgh, Troy, and Wynantskill caption attribution description: English: Map of the town of Brunswick, New York, United States, featuring school district boundaries. Note the links within the image to their respective articles (must be on the Commons image page). Labels:    Town and city borders    School district borders    State highways    Town labels    City labels    School district labels content: Brunswick is a town in Rensselaer County, New York, in the United States. The municipality was originally settled in the early 18th century. During its history, it had been part of Albany County, Rensselaerswyck, and Troy, before its incorporation in 1807. It is bordered on the west by the city of Troy; on the north by Schaghticoke and Pittstown; on the east by Grafton; and on the south by Poestenkill and North Greenbush. The population was 11,941 at the 2010 census. The source of the town's name is not certain, though some claim it comes from the source of its first inhabitants from the province of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Germany.
The town was historically agricultural, but began experiencing suburban sprawl in the later decades of the 20th century, which continues currently. Historically, most of the developments have occurred around the town's two major thoroughfares: New York Route 7 and New York Route 2, known locally as Hoosick Road and Brunswick Road, respectively. Brunswick became a popular place to settle in upon the completion of the local highway system in the Capital District, especially the upgrade of Route 7 into a four-lane highway in the 1980s.


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title: Essen, Groningen hierarchical section title: Essen, Groningen caption attribution description: Nederlands: Essen. caption alt text description: Skyline of Essen, Groningen content: Essen is a small hamlet in the municipality Haren in the province Groningen. It lies between the city of Groningen and the village of Haren.
In 1215 a monastery was founded in Essen. It existed until 1594. During the Protestant Reformation it was closed down by the province of Groningen. It was known for having a miraculous statue of Mary. Only the terrain on which the monastery was built is recognisable.
Today Essen counts twenty farms in a very rural countryside; it is hard to imagine that the centre of the city of Groningen is only 5 km away.
The existence of Essen is being threatened by plans to build a new beltway, the Zuidtangent. The municipality of Haren has so far resisted these plans.


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title: Summerland Peninsula section title: Region Description hierarchical section title: Summerland Peninsula / Region Description caption reference description: Seal Rocks (in distance), Phillip Island, Australia caption attribution description: Deutsch: Rauhe Küste im Westen von Phillip Island content: The Summerland Peninsula is located at the western end of Phillip Island in Victoria, Australia. The peninsula lies within the Gippsland Plain Bioregion and is a site of high conservation significance.
As part of a protected area the peninsula supports a diverse array of animal and plant life, including a number of species listed as of conservation concern by international, federal and state bodies including the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, the Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988 and it is a BirdLife International Important Bird Area. It is home to one of the largest Little Penguin breeding colonies in Australia, the second largest breeding colony of Australian Fur Seals in the world, one of the largest breeding colonies of Greater crested terns in Victoria and an important breeding ground for Short-tailed shearwaters. Several plants regarded as rare or threatened in either Victoria or Australia have been recorded on the peninsula, including River Swamp Wallaby-grass listed as vulnerable in Australia.


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title: Chefornak, Alaska section title: Education hierarchical section title: Chefornak, Alaska / Education caption reference description: Kids recreating in the school playground caption attribution description: English: kids in the school playground in winter, Chefornak, Alaska content: Chefornak is a city in Bethel Census Area, Alaska, United States. At the 2010 census its population was 418, up from 394 in 2000.


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title: List of historic places in Shelburne County, Nova Scotia section title: List of historic places hierarchical section title: List of historic places in Shelburne County, Nova Scotia / List of historic places caption attribution description: Cox Warehouse & Shelburne Dory Shop, Shelburne NS content: This is a list of historic places in Shelburne County, Nova Scotia.


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title: Harriet Elizabeth Prescott Spofford section title: Career hierarchical section title: Harriet Elizabeth Prescott Spofford / Career caption reference description: Harriet P. Spofford (1889) caption attribution description: English: Harriet Elizabeth Prescott Spofford content: Harriet Elizabeth Prescott Spofford was an American writer of novels, poems and detective stories. One of the United States's most widely-published authors, her career spanned more than six decades and included many literary genres, such as short stories, poems, novels, literary criticism, biographies, and memoirs. She also wrote articles on household decorative art and travel as well as children's literature.


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title: John P. Irish section title: Favored Japanese and Chinese immigration hierarchical section title: John P. Irish / Professional life / In California / Favored Japanese and Chinese immigration caption reference description: Front cover of his pamphlet content: John Powell Irish was a leader of the Democratic Party in Iowa, US, a landowner in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta region of California, a fiery and influential public speaker, and an opponent of prejudice against Japanese, the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, women's suffrage and labor unions. He was, according to US Interior Secretary Franklin K. Lane, "a fiery orator of the denunciatory type." He was reckoned as "a leader among editorial writers" of his generation.


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title: Knut Wicksell section title: Interest and Prices, 1898 hierarchical section title: Knut Wicksell / Work / Interest and Prices, 1898 caption reference description: Geldzins und Güterpreise, 1936 content: Johan Gustaf Knut Wicksell was a leading Swedish economist of the Stockholm school. His economic contributions would influence both the Keynesian and Austrian schools of economic thought. He was married to the noted feminist Anna Bugge.


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title: Days Bay section title: Eastbourne Borough Council hierarchical section title: Days Bay / Local bodies / Eastbourne Borough Council caption reference description: A McEwen's lorry on the summertime surface, 1916[24] caption attribution description: English: "On the Day's Bay road"A McEwen's lorry on the Day's Bay road 1916 content: Days Bay is a residential area in Lower Hutt in the Wellington Region of the North Island of New Zealand. It is walled on three sides by steep bush-clad slopes. Most of its level land is occupied by Williams Park and an independent boys' primary school, originally a part of Williams Park.
Wellington shipowner, J H Williams, bought land in Days Bay near the end of the 19th century to create custom for his smaller vessels, building a wharf and turning the bay into a sports and resort development for day-trippers and holiday-makers. Williams sold his interest in 1905 and the new owners split off building sites on unneeded land. The Eastbourne Borough Council bought the ferries in 1913 and the accommodation, Days Bay House, was sold to Wellington's Croydon School. The following year the Wellington City Council with central government support and public subscription bought the resort for the benefit of the public though without its accommodation and, in view of the large cash contribution by the founder's mother, named it Williams Park.


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title: Elena Schegaleva hierarchical section title: Elena Schegaleva caption attribution description: English: Elena Schegaleva as a player of FC ShVSM IzmailovoРусский: Елена Щёгалева в составе ФК «ШВСМ Измайлово» content: Elena Schegaleva is a Russian football midfielder, currently playing for WFC Rossiyanka in the Russian Championship. She previously played for ShVSM Izmailovo.
She was a member of the Russian team that won the 2005 U-19 European Championship.


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title: Mamey, Patillas, Puerto Rico hierarchical section title: Mamey, Patillas, Puerto Rico caption reference description: Location of Mamey within the municipality of Patillas shown in red caption attribution description: English: Location of barrio within Patillas in Puerto Rico caption alt text description: Location of Mamey within the municipality of Patillas shown in red content: Mamey is a barrio in the municipality of Patillas, Puerto Rico. Its population in 2010 was 1,380.


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title: Beaverlodge hierarchical section title: Beaverlodge caption reference description: Location in the County of Grande Prairie No. 1 content: Beaverlodge is a town in northern Alberta, Canada. It is located on Highway 43, 43 km west of Grande Prairie and 48 km east of the British Columbia border.


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title: Cecil Balmond section title: Life and work hierarchical section title: Cecil Balmond / Life and work caption reference description: Serpentine Pavilion, London, 2002 content: Cecil Balmond OBE is a Sri Lankan–British designer, artist, and writer. In 1968 Balmond joined Ove Arup & Partners, leading him to become deputy chairman. In 2000 he founded design and research group, the AGU.
He currently holds the Paul Philippe Cret Chair at PennDesign as Professor of Architecture where he is also the founding director of the Non Linear Systems Organization, a material and structural research unit. He has also been Kenzo Tange Visiting Design Critic at Harvard Graduate School of Architecture, Eero Saarinen Visiting Professor at Yale University School of Architecture and visiting fellow at London School of Economics Urban Cities Programme.
In 2010 Balmond set up his own practice, Balmond Studio, with offices in London and Colombo. The research led practice is involved with art, architecture, design and consulting. One current project is the Gretna Landmark, Star of Caledonia for which Cecil is the artist. It is an illuminated sculpture that marks the Scottish and English border crossing, and will be completed in 2018.
He was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 2015 New Year Honours for services to architecture.


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title: Grumman F7F Tigercat section title: Surviving aircraft hierarchical section title: Grumman F7F Tigercat / Surviving aircraft caption reference description: La Patrona in the pits at the 2014 Reno Air Races caption attribution description: English: F7F Tigercat N747MX La Patrona 2014 Reno Air Races pit photo D Ramey Logan content: The Grumman F7F Tigercat is a heavy fighter aircraft that served with the United States Navy and United States Marine Corps from late in World War II until 1954. It was the first twin-engine fighter to be deployed by the USN. While the Tigercat was delivered too late to see combat in World War II, it saw action as a night fighter and attack aircraft during the Korean War.
Designed initially for service on Midway-class aircraft carriers, early production F7Fs were land-based variants. The type was too large to operate from older and smaller carriers, and only a late variant was certified for carrier service.


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title: Clifford David hierarchical section title: Clifford David caption reference description: David in 2007 caption attribution description: English: Clifford David content: Clifford David was an American actor, singer, and coach. His career began in the 1950s, with early live television appearances leading to roles in Broadway musicals. He also played character roles in television series, feature films, and theatre. He is most recognized for his singing performances on several original Broadway cast albums.


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title: Highland Park, Florida hierarchical section title: Highland Park, Florida caption reference description: Location in Polk County and the state of Florida content: Highland Park is a village in Polk County, Florida, United States. The population was 230 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Lakeland–Winter Haven Metropolitan Statistical Area.


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title: T.O.P. hierarchical section title: T.O.P. caption reference description: T.O.P caption attribution description: 한국어: 수트(탑) LG전자가 비즈니스맨을 위해 특화된 기능과 얇고 고급스러운 디자인을 적용한 ‘수트(Suit, 모델명: LG-SV710)’폰을 13일 출시한다. 가격은 40만원대 중반이다 ‘수트’는 14.7mm의 두께의 얇은 디자인으로 외관에 짙은 광택의 블루컬러를 적용한 폴더폰이다. 또한, 휴대폰 전면에 LED로 시간을 표기해 멋과 기능성을 부가시켰다. 특히, 비즈니스맨을 위해 항목별 금전출납 관리를 위한 지출관리기능, 오일/부품 교체 기록 등 자동차 관리를 위한 차계부 기능 등을 채용했다. 지출관리부 기능은 일주월 단위로 입출금 통계 및 그래프 보기가 가능하며, 차계부 기능은 주유금액, 주유량 입력이 가능해 자동차의 평균 연비와 주행거리를 확인할 수 있으며, 오일/부품 교환 등의 일정을 꼼꼼히 관리할 수 있다. 300만화소의 카메라를 적용한 수트폰은 촬영크기, 화질선택, 타이머, 필터, 동영상 등 다양한 촬영기능을 지원하며, 최신 모바일게임 5종을 탑재했다. LG전자 MC한국사업부장 조성하 부사장은 “세분화, 다각화되는 소비자의 욕구와 성향을 분석하고 계층별 특화폰 개발을 강화해 타깃 계층에 어필할 것”이라고 밝혔다. content: T.O.P. or Choi Seung-hyun is a Korean entertainer. He is a Top rapper, singer, songwriter, model, and actor. He was born on November 4, 1987. He is the oldest member of Big Bang.


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title: Cuban rumba section title: Influence on contemporary music hierarchical section title: Cuban rumba / History / Legacy and influence / Influence on contemporary music caption reference description: Basic songo stick pattern. content: Rumba is a secular genre of Cuban music involving dance, percussion, and song. It originated in the northern regions of Cuba, mainly in urban Havana and Matanzas, during the late 19th century. It is based on African music and dance traditions, namely Abakuá and yuka, as well as the Spanish-based coros de clave. According to Argeliers León, rumba is one of the major "genre complexes" of Cuban music, and the term rumba complex is now commonly used by musicologists. This complex encompasses the three traditional forms of rumba, as well as their contemporary derivatives and other minor styles.
Traditionally performed by poor workers of African descent in streets and solares, rumba remains one of Cuba's most characteristic forms of music and dance. Vocal improvisation, elaborate dancing and polyrhythmic drumming are the key components of all rumba styles. Cajones were used as drums until the early 20th century, when they were replaced by tumbadoras. During the genre's recorded history, which began in the 1940s, there have been numerous successful rumba bands such as Los Papines, Los Muñequitos de Matanzas, Clave y Guaguancó, AfroCuba de Matanzas and Yoruba Andabo.

title: Songo music section title: Timbales hierarchical section title: Songo music / Timbales caption reference description: Basic songo stick pattern. content: Songo is a genre of popular Cuban music, created by the group Los Van Van in the early 1970s. Songo incorporated rhythmic elements from folkloric rumba into popular dance music, and was a significant departure from the son montuno/mambo-based structure which had dominated popular music in Cuba since the 1940s. Blas Egües was the first drummer in Los Van Van, but it was the band's second drummer, José Luis Quintana "Changuito", who developed songo into the world-wide phenomenon it is today.
Songo is the most famous of the post-Revolution Cuban rhythms, beginning with the mozambique, which drew from the deep well of Afro-Cuban folkloric rhythms. During the 1970s, many Cuban bands created their own original rhythms: Los Van Van invented songo; Orquesta Ritmo Oriental—nueva onda; Orquesta Tipica Juventud—bata cinco, and Orquesta Revé named their invention—changüí, after the "funky," folkloric proto-son music of the 19th century.
Songo is a precursor of present-day timba.


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title: Rokkō Station hierarchical section title: Rokkō Station caption reference description: Station building incorporating bus platforms caption attribution description: English: Hankyu Railway Rokko Station in Nada-ku, Kobe, Japan 日本語: 神戸市灘区・阪急電鉄六甲駅 content: Rokkō Station is a railway station in Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan, on the Hankyu Railway Kobe Line operated by Hankyu Railway. It is located near Kobe University and Kobe Shoin University. The Hankyu Bus leaves from the station for Mount Rokkō, and city bus services connect with the Rokko Cable Line, Sannomiya and Rokkomichi stations on the JR Kobe Line and Mikage Station on the Hanshin Electric Railway Main Line.


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title: Thornhill, Ontario hierarchical section title: Thornhill, Ontario caption reference description: Thornhill within Vaughan and Markham content: Thornhill is a suburban community in the Regional Municipality of York in Ontario, Canada. Thornhill lies along the northern border of the North York area of the City of Toronto and immediately south of the City of Richmond Hill. Once a police village, Thornhill is now a community and postal designation, although its lower tier municipal governance is split between the City of Vaughan and the City of Markham. As of 2016, the total population of Thornhill, both its Vaughan and Markham sections, was 112,719.


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title: Montreal Light Airplane Club section title: History hierarchical section title: Montreal Light Airplane Club / History caption reference description: Photo taken by A. E. ("Ted") Hill at St. Hubert, c. 1937 content: The Montreal Light Airplane Club was one of the first airplane clubs founded in Canada in 1928 under a Canadian Government scheme to promote the development of the light airplane movement in Canada. it was eEstablished at Cartierville Airport, Montreal, Quebec, but expanded quickly and was moved to St. Hubert.


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title: Lucas Victor Schaefels section title: Work hierarchical section title: Lucas Victor Schaefels / Work caption reference description: Flowers and fruit content: Lucas Victor Schaefels or Lucas Schaefels was a Belgian painter, draughtsman and engraver known for his still lifes, which for the most part were flower and hunting pieces. He worked in a meticulous style reminiscent of the 17th century Flemish Baroque.


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title: List of defunct airlines of Sweden hierarchical section title: List of defunct airlines of Sweden caption attribution description: Skyline Vickers 784D Viscount content: This is a list of defunct airlines of Sweden.

title: Skyline (Sweden) section title: History hierarchical section title: Skyline (Sweden) / History caption reference description: A Vickers Viscount in 1972 caption attribution description: Skyline Vickers 784D Viscount content: Skyline was a Swedish charter airline which operated from 1971 to 1978. It had a fleet of Vickers Viscount aircraft, operating between one and three at any given time and a total of five aircraft. Based in Malmö, it initially flew out of Malmö Bulltofta Airport. The airport closed in 1972 and Skyline moved to Malmö Sturup Airport.
From 1975 to 1977 the company experienced a major increase to traffic flying three aircraft for Linjeflyg for its scheduled, domestic network. Flying out of Stockholm Bromma Airport, it served seven towns in southern Sweden. On 15 January 1977 one its aircraft flying Linjeflyg Flight 618 crashed at Kälvesta during approach to Bromma, killing all 22 people on board. The Linjeflyg contract expired that year and the company ceased operations in 1978.

title: Linjeflyg Flight 618 section title: Flight hierarchical section title: Linjeflyg Flight 618 / Flight caption reference description: A similar Vickers Viscount to the accident aircraft, depicted in 1972 caption attribution description: Skyline Vickers 784D Viscount content: Linjeflyg Flight 618 was a crash of a Vickers 838 Viscount during approach to Stockholm Bromma Airport at 09:05 on 15 January 1977. All twenty-two people on board the aircraft perished when it hit ground at Kälvesta in Stockholm, Sweden. The domestic service from Malmö via Kristianstad, Växjö and Jönköping was operated by Skyline on behalf of Linjeflyg as part of the latter's domestic scheduled services. The accident was caused by atmospheric icing on the horizontal stabilizer. Low power on two of the engines had caused reduced function of the ice protection system, causing a buildup of ice. The icing caused the loss of pitch control and the aircraft entered a steep dive. Among the deceased was table tennis player Hans Alsér.


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title: Myki section title: Topping up hierarchical section title: Myki / Usage / Topping up caption reference description: A Myki card vending machine caption attribution description: English: myki]] ticket machine at a train station in regional Victoria. The machines are located at train stations across Victoria, as well as certain tram and bus stops in Melbourne. content: Myki is a reloadable credit card-sized contactless smart card ticketing system used for electronic payment of fares on most public transport services in Melbourne and regional Victoria, Australia. Myki replaced the Metcard ticketing system and became fully operational at the end of 2012.
The system was developed by Kamco and is promoted by Public Transport Victoria. The initial 10-year contract was worth approximately A$1.5 billion, described by The Age as "the [world's] biggest for a smartcard ticketing system". The Myki contract was extended in July 2016 for a further seven years.
Ticketing requirements for trains, trams and buses in Melbourne are mainly contained in the Transport Regulations 2006 and the Victorian Fares and Ticketing Manual.


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title: Giles of Rome section title: Works hierarchical section title: Giles of Rome / Works caption reference description: In secundum librum sententiarum quaestiones, 1581 content: Giles of Rome O.S.A., was a Medieval philosopher and Scholastic theologian and a friar of the Order of St Augustine, who was also appointed to the positions of Prior General of his Order and as Archbishop of Bourges. He is famed as being a logician, producing a commentary on the Organon by Aristotle, and for his authorship of two important works, De Ecclesiastica Potestate, a major text of early 14th century Papalism, and De Regimine Principum, a guide book for Christian temporal leadership. Giles was styled Doctor Fundatissimus by Pope Benedict XIV.
Writers in 14th and 15th century England such as John Trevisa and Thomas Hoccleve translated or adapted him into English.


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title: Tiexi District, Anshan hierarchical section title: Tiexi District, Anshan caption reference description: Tiexi in Anshan caption attribution description: English: Location of Tiexi district in Anshan City, China caption alt text description: Tiexi in Anshan content: Tiexi District, is located in the southwest of Anshan, Liaoning province, China.
The main plant of Anshan Steel limited company is in this district. The Technology developing district is also here.


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title: Morita Kanya XII hierarchical section title: Morita Kanya XII caption attribution description: 日本語: 十二代目守田勘弥 English: Kanya Morita XII (1846–97) content: Morita Kanya XII was the leading Japanese theatre manager of the first half of the Meiji period, between 1868 and 1912. He built the first modern theater, the Shintomi-za, which incorporated Western features such as gaslights and chairs. The theater opened in June 1878, and was located at a foreign settlement in Tsukiji, Tokyo. He was also a crucial factor in attracting the new audience, the aristocracy, into the kabuki theaters.


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title: Constantin Karadja hierarchical section title: Constantin Karadja caption reference description: Prince Constantin Karadja in 1916 caption attribution description: English: Prince Constantin Karadja in 1916 content: Prince Constantin Jean Lars Anthony Démétrius Karadja was a Romanian diplomat, barrister-at-law, bibliographer, bibliophile and honorary member of the Romanian Academy. He was a member of the Caradja aristocratic family.


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title: Livingston Taylor hierarchical section title: Livingston Taylor caption reference description: Taylor at the Broward Performing Arts Center, November 2006 caption attribution description: English: Livingston Taylor performing at the Broward Performing Arts Center. caption alt text description: Taylor at the Broward Performing Arts Center, November 2006 content: Livingston Taylor is an American singer-songwriter and folk musician. Born in Boston, Massachusetts, and raised in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, he is the brother of singer-songwriter James Taylor, singer-songwriter Kate Taylor, singer Alex Taylor, and innkeeper and singer Hugh Taylor. Taylor is most notable for his Billboard hits "I Will Be In Love With You", "First Time Love", and "I’ll Come Running".
He continues to perform nationally and internationally, and has collaborated with Linda Ronstadt, Jimmy Buffett, and Jethro Tull. He has been a faculty member at Berklee College of Music since 1989.


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title: Fano hierarchical section title: Fano caption reference description: The comune Fano, in red, in the province of Pesaro and Urbino content: Fano is a city and comune of the province of Pesaro and Urbino in the Marche region, central Italy.
It is a beach resort 12 kilometres southeast of Pesaro, along the Adriatic Sea. It is the third city in the region by population after Ancona and Pesaro.

title: Fano hierarchical section title: Fano caption reference description: Fano within the Province of Pesaro-Urbino content: Fano is a town and comune of the province of Pesaro and Urbino in the Marche region of Italy. It is a beach resort 12 kilometres southeast of Pesaro, located where the Via Flaminia reaches the Adriatic Sea. It is the third city in the region by population after Ancona and Pesaro.


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title: Sport in the Czech Republic section title: Major sports facilities hierarchical section title: Sport in the Czech Republic / Major sports facilities caption reference description: Eden Arena is the largest modern football stadium in the Czech Republic caption attribution description: Čeština: Praha-Vršovice. Vladivostocká 1540/2, U Slavie 1540/2a, stadion Eden. English: Prague-Vršovice, the Czech Republic. Vladivostocká 1540/2, U Slavie 1540/2a, Eden Stadium. Camera location50° 04′ 06.2″ N, 14° 28′ 11.8″ E   View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap - Google Earth content: Sports play a significant part in the life of many Czechs who are generally loyal supporters of their favourite teams or individuals.
The two leading sports in the Czech Republic are football and ice hockey, both drawing the largest attention of both the media and supporters. The many other sports with professional leagues and structures include basketball, volleyball, team handball, Czech handball, athletics, floorball and others. Sport is a source of strong waves of patriotism, usually rising several days or weeks before an event and sinking several days after.
The events considered the most important by Czech fans are: the Ice Hockey World Championship, the Olympic ice hockey tournament, the European football championship, the football World Cup and qualification matches for such events. In general, any international match involving the Czech ice hockey or football national team draws attention, especially when played against a traditional rival: Germany in football; Russia, Finland, Sweden and Canada in ice hockey; and Slovakia in both. Summer and winter Olympic games are also both very popular.


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title: International reactions to the Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 shootdown section title: Countries hierarchical section title: International reactions to the Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 shootdown / Countries caption reference description: Makeshift memorial at the International AIDS Conference in Melbourne. Six delegates died in the shootdown. caption attribution description: English: A display for the International AIDS Conference 2014 was used as a makeshift memorial for those who died in the Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 crash in Eastern Ukraine. Six delegates, including former president of the International AIDS Society Joep Lange, were onboard. The display was located on the Princes Bridge, Melbourne. Bahasa Melayu: Paparan bagi Persidangan AIDS Antarabangsa 2014 telah digunakan sebagai peringatan sementara untuk mereka yang meninggal dunia di Penerbangan 17 Penerbangan Malaysia dalam suatu kemalangan di Timur Ukraine. Enam perwakilan termasuk bekas Presiden Persatuan AIDS Antarabangsa Joep Lange juga turut hadir. Paparan terletak di Jambatan Princes, Melbourne. 中文（简体）: 在2014年国际艾滋病大会的其中一个展览被用来为那些死于乌克兰东部的马航17号航班的遇难者作临时纪念。六位代表，包括国际艾滋病协会前主席约普·兰格也在场。展览位于王子桥，墨尔本。 content: The shooting down of Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 on 17 July 2014 provoked reactions from many countries and organisations.


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title: Westfield Brandon hierarchical section title: Westfield Brandon caption reference description: The main entrance of Westfield Brandon caption attribution description: Westfield Brandon location. Taken by me on 3/25/2006. content: Westfield Brandon, formerly known as Brandon Town Center and Westfield Shoppingtown Brandon, is a shopping mall located eight miles east of Tampa, Florida, in the suburban community of Brandon. The mall is owned by Unibail-Rodamco-Westfield and is one of five Westfield shopping centers in the state of Florida. Westfield Brandon is directly off Interstate 75, sitting on land between State Road 60 and the Lee Roy Selmon Expressway.


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title: Stege, Denmark section title: History hierarchical section title: Stege, Denmark / History caption reference description: The Mølleporten town gate in the 19th century caption attribution description: Dansk: Mølleporten i Stege paa Møn. Byen var i sin Tid omgiven af Fæstningsvolde, af hvis tre Porte kun Mølleporten er tilbage. content: Stege is the largest town on the island of Møn in south-eastern Denmark. In January 2020 its population was 3,786. Stege is now part of Vordingborg Municipality and belongs to Region Zealand. Once a prosperous herring fishing port, tourism is now important to the local economy.


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title: Bouéni hierarchical section title: Bouéni caption reference description: Beach at Bouéni caption attribution description: Coucher de soleil sur la plage Robinson, près de Boueni, à Mayotte content: Bouéni is a commune in the French overseas department of Mayotte, in the Indian Ocean. It consists of seven villages: Bouéni, Moinatrindri, Hagnoundrou, Majiméoni, Mzouazia, Bambo-Ouest and Mbouanatsa.


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title: Wolin National Park hierarchical section title: Wolin National Park caption reference description: Turquoise Lake (Polish: Jezioro Turkusowe) content: Wolin National Park is one of 23 National Parks in Poland, situated on the island of Wolin in the far north-west of the country, in West Pomeranian Voivodeship. It was established on 3 March 1960 and covers an area of 109.37 square kilometres. The Park has its headquarters in the town of Międzyzdroje.
The Park contains a varied flora and fauna. Its attractions include the sea cliffs of Gosań and Kawcza Góra, and a wisent sanctuary.


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title: South Water Market hierarchical section title: South Water Market caption reference description: The market circa 1910 before relocation content: South Water Market is a historic produce market in the Lower West Side neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. Completed in 1925, the complex was designed as a structured replacement to Chicago's sprawling downtown produce markets on South Water Street; while these markets had existed since the mid-19th century, they had become a traffic and sanitation problem. The new complex included six buildings with 166 units, all with modernized and hygienic facilities; despite being relocated away from South Water Street, it kept the South Water name. The complex was the largest produce market by area in the nation when it opened, and it soon became the second-largest by sales behind New York City's markets. The market served as the nexus of Chicago's major produce wholesaling industry, which both provided food for city residents and functioned as a forwarding market due to the city's railroad connections. Although business at the market fell into a decline by the 1950s, the market remained in operation until 2001.
The market was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 20, 2004.


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title: 2017 Minneapolis municipal election section title: District 1 hierarchical section title: 2017 Minneapolis municipal election / Park and Recreation Board / Results / District 1 caption reference description: Most voted first-choice candidate by precinct in District 1. content: A general election was held in Minneapolis on November 7, 2017. Minneapolis's mayor was up for election as well as all the seats on the City Council, the two elected seats on the Board of Estimate and Taxation, and all the seats on the Park and Recreation Board. Voters were able to rank up to three candidates for each office in order of preference.


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title: Hajj section title: Rites hierarchical section title: Hajj / Rites caption reference description: Diagram of the locations and rites of Hajj caption attribution description: English: The artwork shows the locations where the rites of Hajj are performed content: The Hajj is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the holiest city for Muslims. Hajj is a mandatory religious duty for Muslims that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime by all adult Muslims who are physically and financially capable of undertaking the journey, and can support their family during their absence.
In Islamic terminology, Hajj is a pilgrimage made to the Kaaba, the "House of God", in the sacred city of Mecca in Saudi Arabia. It is one of the Five Pillars of Islam, alongside Shahadah, Salat, Zakat and Sawm. The Hajj is a demonstration of the solidarity of the Muslim people, and their submission to God. The word Hajj means "to attend a journey", which connotes both the outward act of a journey and the inward act of intentions.
The rites of pilgrimage are performed over five to six days, extending from the 8th to the 12th or 13th of Dhu al-Hijjah, the last month of the Islamic calendar. Because the Islamic calendar is lunar and the Islamic year is about eleven days shorter than the Gregorian year, the Gregorian date of Hajj changes from year to year. In 2020 AD, Dhu al-Hijjah extends from 22 July to 19 August.


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title: Taishan District, New Taipei hierarchical section title: Taishan District, New Taipei caption reference description: Taishan District Office caption attribution description: English: Taishan District Office Building中文（繁體）: 泰山區公所 content: Taishan District is a rural district in New Taipei, Taiwan.


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title: Petrůvka hierarchical section title: Petrůvka caption reference description: Statue of the Immaculate Virgin Mary caption attribution description: Čeština: Petrůvka, okres Zlín, Česká republika. Socha Immaculaty z roku 1872. English: Petrůvka in Zlín District, Czech Republic. Immaculate Statue from 1872. Camera location49° 06′ 24.73″ N, 17° 48′ 32.98″ E View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap - Google Earth caption alt text description: Statue of the Immaculate Virgin Mary content: Petrůvka is a village and municipality in Zlín District in the Zlín Region of the Czech Republic.
The municipality covers an area of 7.02 square kilometres, and has a population of 364.
Petrůvka lies approximately 18 kilometres south-east of Zlín and 268 km south-east of Prague.


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title: Liebling, Timiș hierarchical section title: Liebling, Timiș caption reference description: Location in Timiș County caption attribution description: ro:Categorie:Hărţi ale judeţului Timiş caption alt text description: Location in Timiș County content: Liebling is a commune in Timiș County, Romania about 30 km south of Timișoara. It is composed of three villages: Cerna, Iosif and Liebling.


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title: Extradosed bridge section title: Design characteristics hierarchical section title: Extradosed bridge / Design characteristics caption reference description: Shin-Meisei Bridge, Japan
Main span 124 m, 2003 caption attribution description: 日本語: 庄内川に架かる新名西橋（国道22号）と赤とんぼ橋（名古屋高速6号清須線）English: Shinmeisai Brige and Akatonbo Bridge of Shōnai River content: An extradosed bridge employs a structure that combines the main elements of both a prestressed box girder bridge and a cable-stayed bridge. The name comes from the word extrados, the exterior or upper curve of an arch, and refers to how the "stay cables" on an extradosed bridge are not considered as such in the design, but are instead treated as external prestressing tendons deviating upward from the deck. In this concept, they remain part of the main bridge superstructure.
Compared to a cable-stayed or cantilever-girder bridge of comparable span, an extradosed bridge uses much shorter stay-towers or pylons than the cable-stayed bridge, and a significantly shallower deck/girder structure than used on the girder bridge. This arrangement results in the typical extradosed "look" of a fan of low, shallow-angle stay cables, usually with a pronounced "open window" region extending from the sides of each tower.
The extradosal bridge form is mostly suited to medium-length spans between 100 m and 250 m, and over fifty such bridges had been constructed around the world as of 2012.


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title: Qiam 1 section title: Operational history hierarchical section title: Qiam 1 / Operational history caption reference description: Aftermath of the Iranian missile attack on Al Asad air base caption attribution description: English: Media outlets visit one of the many impact sites created by the recent missile attacks at Al Asad Air Base, Iraq, Jan. 13, 2020. Multiple international news agencies were invited by military officials to participate in a media event at Al Asad due to the recent ballistic missile attacks. (U.S. Army photo by Spc. Derek Mustard) content: The Qiam 1 is a short-range ballistic missile designed and built by Iran. It was developed from the Iranian Shahab-2, a licensed copy of the North Korean Hwasong-6, all of which are versions of the Soviet Scud-C missile. The Qiam 1 entered service in 2010, with a range of 800 km and 10 m accuracy.

title: Operation Martyr Soleimani section title: Damage hierarchical section title: Operation Martyr Soleimani / Attacks / Damage caption reference description: Aftermath of the missile attacks on Al Asad Airbase, 13 January 2020 caption attribution description: English: Media outlets visit one of the many impact sites created by the recent missile attacks at Al Asad Air Base, Iraq, Jan. 13, 2020. Multiple international news agencies were invited by military officials to participate in a media event at Al Asad due to the recent ballistic missile attacks. (U.S. Army photo by Spc. Derek Mustard) content: On 8 January 2020, in a military operation code named Operation Martyr Soleimani, Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps launched numerous ballistic missiles at the Ayn al-Asad airbase in Al Anbar Governorate, western Iraq, as well as another airbase in Erbil, Kurdistan Region, in response to the killing of Major General Qasem Soleimani by a United States drone strike. While the U.S. initially assessed that none of its service members were injured or killed, the U.S. Department of Defense ultimately said that 110 service members had been diagnosed and treated for traumatic brain injuries from the attack.
Iran informed the Iraqi government before the attack and the information was reportedly passed to the U.S. military. Some analysts suggested the strike was deliberately designed to avoid causing any fatalities to dissuade an American response. However, United States Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said the attack was intended to kill. The U.S. deployed Patriot and other missile defense systems to some of their Iraqi bases in the months following the attack.


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title: Mongolian Armed Forces section title: Ground Force hierarchical section title: Mongolian Armed Forces / Branches / Ground Force caption attribution description: English: Mongolian soldiers march past an international delegation during the closing ceremony for Khaan Quest 2013 at Five Hills Training Area, Mongolia, Aug. 14, 2013. Khaan Quest is an annual multinational exercise sponsored by the U.S. and Mongolia, and it is designed to strengthen the capabilities of U.S., Mongolian and other nations’ forces in international peace support operations. content: The Mongolian Armed Forces is the collective name for the Mongolian military and the joint forces that comprise it. It is tasked with protecting the independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity of the Mongolian state. Defined as the peacetime configuration, its current structure consists of two branches: ground forces and air force. In case of war situation Border Troops, Internal Troops and National Emergency Management Agency will be reorganized into the armed forces structure. The official holiday of their military is Men's and Soldiers' Day on March 18, the equivalent of Defender of the Fatherland Day in Russia.


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title: Laredo Kid section title: Championships and accomplishments hierarchical section title: Laredo Kid / Championships and accomplishments caption reference description: Laredo Kid performing a high risk move caption attribution description: Français : Le catcheur Laredo Kid effectuant un 450 Splash content: Laredo Kid is a Mexican luchador enmascarado, or masked professional wrestler. He is currently under contract with Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide, where he is the AAA World Cruiserweight Champion in his first reign.
Laredo Kid's real name is not a matter of public record, as is often the case with masked wrestlers in Mexico where their private lives are kept a secret from the wrestling fans. Laredo Kid originally used the ring name The Exterminador but changed it to "Laredo Kid" after a year. He signed with AAA in 2005 and worked for them for several years before leaving the promotion to work on the Mexican Independent circuit.


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title: Al Krumm hierarchical section title: Al Krumm caption reference description: Pitcher Al Krumm wearing a Washington Senators baseball outfit caption attribution description: English: Pitcher Al Krumm wearing a Weshington Senators baseball outfit. Photographed by C. M. Bell content: Albert Krumm was a Major League Baseball pitcher who played in 1889 with the Pittsburgh Alleghenys and had his single major league start on May 17th of that year.
Primarily a steelworker, he had a reputation as a "troublemaker." He was in spring training with the Washington Senators in 1895 and pitched in an exhibition game with Varney Anderson but did not make the team. Krumm walked ten batters during his first game with the Alleghenys. He stayed with the team until July but never pitched again.
He was born in Pennsylvania and died in San Diego, California.


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title: Monument to the People's Heroes section title: Commemoration hierarchical section title: Monument to the People's Heroes / Commemoration caption reference description: The Monument to the People's Heroes with the Great Hall of the People in the background, illuminated at night caption attribution description: English: Monument to the People's Heroes at the Tiananmen Square in Beijing content: The Monument to the People's Heroes is a ten-story obelisk that was erected as a national monument of China to the martyrs of revolutionary struggle during the 19th and 20th centuries. It is located in the southern part of Tiananmen Square in Beijing, in front of the Mausoleum of Mao Zedong. The obelisk monument was built in accordance with a resolution of the First Plenary Session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference adopted on November 30, 1949, with construction lasting from August 1952 to May 1958. The architect of the monument was Liang Sicheng, with some elements designed by his wife, Lin Huiyin. The civil engineer, Chen Zhide was also instrumental in realizing the final product.
The monument has also served as the center of large-scale mourning activities that later developed into protest and unrest, such as the deaths of Premier Zhou Enlai and Hu Yaobang.


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title: O'Hare International Airport section title: Gallery hierarchical section title: O'Hare International Airport / Gallery caption attribution description: English: Photo of O'Hare Airport's International Terminal. Photo taken on Sunday, October 12, 2003. content: O'Hare International Airport is an airport on the edge of Chicago, Illinois. It is in the Chicago neighborhood O'Hare. It is one of the largest airports in both the United States and the world. It is a "hub" for both United Airlines and American Airlines, meaning that flights from many cities come and go from the airport daily. It gets the most international flights of any American airport not on the East or West Coast.
The Federal government of the United States reduces the amount of delayed flights in the airport in order to shift the burden of domestic flights at Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport.
United Airlines is the largest airline at O'Hare, carrying over 45% of passengers. O'Hare is the second-largest hub for United, after Houston-Bush. American Airlines has the second largest operation at O'Hare, carrying 37.08% of passengers. O'Hare is American Airlines' third-largest hub, after Dallas/Fort Worth and Charlotte-Douglas.
O'Hare has been voted the "Best Airport in North America" for 10 years by two separate sources: Readers of the U.S. Edition of Business Traveler Magazine and Global Traveler Magazine.


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title: List of Boston Latin School alumni section title: Graduate alumni hierarchical section title: List of Boston Latin School alumni / Alumni / Graduate alumni caption attribution description: English: American painter Edwin Blashfield (1848-1936) caption alt text description: Edwin Blashfield content: Boston Latin School is a public exam school located in Boston, Massachusetts, that was founded in 1635. It is the first public school and the oldest existing school in the United States.
The school's first class included nine students; the school now has 2,400 pupils drawn from all parts of Boston. Its graduates have included four Harvard presidents, eight Massachusetts state governors, and five signers of the United States Declaration of Independence, as well as several preeminent architects, a leading art historian, a notable naturalist and the conductors of the New York Philharmonic and Boston Pops orchestras. There are also several notable non-graduate alumni, including Louis Farrakhan, a leader of the Nation of Islam. Boston Latin admitted only male students at its founding in 1635. The school's first female student was admitted in the nineteenth century. In 1972, Boston Latin admitted its first co-educational class.
Admission is determined by a combination of a student's score on the independent school Entrance Examination and recent grades, and is limited to residents of the city of Boston.

title: Edwin Blashfield hierarchical section title: Edwin Blashfield caption reference description: Edwin Blashfield caption attribution description: English: American painter Edwin Blashfield (1848-1936) content: Edwin Howland Blashfield was an American painter and muralist, most known for painting the murals on the dome of the Library of Congress Main Reading Room in Washington, DC.


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title: Virgin Islands National Park section title: Attractions hierarchical section title: Virgin Islands National Park / Attractions caption reference description: Caneel Bay caption attribution description: Guests of the Caneel Bay resort disembark at the Caneel Beach from the resort's own boat, Mary II. content: The Virgin Islands National Park is an American national park preserving about 60% of the land area of Saint John in the United States Virgin Islands, as well as more than 5,500 acres of adjacent ocean, and nearly all of Hassel Island, just off the Charlotte Amalie, Saint Thomas harbor.
The park is well-known for scuba diving and snorkeling, and has miles of hiking trails through the tropical rainforest.
Cruz Bay is the gateway port to the park. Ferries operate hourly from Red Hook, St. Thomas, thrice daily from Charlotte Amalie, St. Thomas and West End, Tortola, twice daily from Jost Van Dyke, and twice weekly from Virgin Gorda.
The Virgin Islands National Park visitor center is located in Cruz Bay.
Two category 5 hurricanes impacted the Virgin Islands in September 2017, Irma and Maria. The park received 112,287 visitors in 2018, after having received 304,408 visitors in 2017, and an average of more than 450,000 visitors per year in the preceding ten year period from 2007 to 2016. The park was reopened in December 2017 with all roads, trails and beaches declared accessible to visitors.

title: Caneel Bay hierarchical section title: Caneel Bay caption reference description: Caneel Bay caption attribution description: Guests of the Caneel Bay resort disembark at the Caneel Beach from the resort's own boat, Mary II. content: Caneel Bay Set on a 170-acre peninsula in the Virgin Islands National Park, near seven picturesque beaches, the Resort is one of the vacation destinations in the Caribbean. It is located on the northwest side of St. John, one of the US Virgin Islands. The resort is within Virgin Islands National Park on property once owned by Laurance Rockefeller. The hotel was one of the early members of Rockefeller's hotel chain, Rockresorts. The resort takes its name from the location of the property at Caneel Bay. Rockefeller was so impressed by the area's beauty that he arranged to buy up most of the island of St. John. He then donated most of it to the U.S. government for the creation of the Virgin Islands National Park, the 29th U.S. national park. Rockefeller had the resort buildings designed to blend in with the landscape, and most property lighting is indirect so that guests can be able to see the stars at night. Caneel Bay was a Rosewood Resort until the fall of 2013. The resort is a member of Leading Hotels of the World.
Caneel Bay, which is open 10 months a year, provides a variety of activities such as snorkeling and scuba diving.


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title: Mukurweini Constituency hierarchical section title: Mukurweini Constituency caption reference description: Mukurweini Constituency, IEBC, March 2012 content: Mukurweini Constituency is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of six constituencies in Nyeri County. Mukurweini Constituency comprises Mukurweini division of Nyeri County.
The constituency has seven wards, all electing councillors for the Nyeri County Council. The constituency was established for the 1969 elections.


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title: Chicago flood section title: The bridge hierarchical section title: Chicago flood / The bridge caption reference description: Kinzie St. Bridge

(pilings are under bridge)

(bridge-tender tower behind bridge) content: The Chicago flood happened on April 13, 1992. It was caused when the damaged wall of a utility tunnel beneath the Chicago River opened into a breach which flooded basements and underground facilities throughout the Chicago Loop with an estimated 250 million US gallons of water. No one was killed or hurt during the incident. It caused an estimated $1.95 billion of damage.


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title: Chu Lai Base Area section title: 1968–71 hierarchical section title: Chu Lai Base Area / History / 1968–71 caption reference description: Chu Lai PW Collection camp, 1 November 1968 caption attribution description: English: Aerial view of the Americal Div POW Collection Point. content: Chu Lai Base Area is a former U.S. Marine Corps, U.S. Army and Army of the Republic of Vietnam base in Chu Lai in central Vietnam.
Kỳ Hà Air Facility was part of the installation and was located in the northern half, Chu Lai Air Base was part of the installation and was located to the south-east.


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title: George Watsky section title: 2011: "Pale Kid Raps Fast" hierarchical section title: George Watsky / Career / Music / 2011: "Pale Kid Raps Fast" caption reference description: Watsky at TEDxSFED in San Francisco in 2011. caption attribution description: English: George Watsky at TEDxSFED in San Francisco in 2011 content: George Virden Watsky, better known mononymously as Watsky, is an American musician, songwriter, record producer, poet, and author. He performs slam poetry and was featured on Season 6 of Russell Simmons Presents Def Poetry. His talents began to receive national and international acclaim in 2006 when he was the Youth Speaks Grand Slam Poetry Champion, and was also named Brave New Voices International Poetry Slam Champion.
Watsky broke out as a rapper with his viral video "Pale kid raps fast" in 2011. He has released six studio albums: Watsky in 2009, Cardboard Castles in 2013, All You Can Do in 2014, x Infinity in 2016, Complaint in 2019, and Placement in 2020. He performs live shows with his backing band Créme Fraîche. Watsky is also known for his appearances in Epic Rap Battles of History, and as an author following the publication of How to Ruin Everything in 2016.


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title: Vijay Singh hierarchical section title: Vijay Singh caption reference description: Vijay Singh caption attribution description: English: The Fijian professional golfer Vijay Singh content: Vijay Singh is a PGA Tour golfer. He has won The Masters in 2000 and the PGA Championship in 1998 and 2004 and was the leading PGA Tour money winner in 2003, 2004 and 2008. He was added to the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2006. Vijay also won the FedEx Cup in 2008.

title: Masters Tournament Par-3 contest section title: Winners hierarchical section title: Masters Tournament Par-3 contest / Winners caption reference description: Fijian Vijay Singh (pictured in 2007) claimed the title in 1994. caption attribution description: English: The Fijian professional golfer Vijay Singh content: The Masters Tournament Par-3 contest is a golf competition that precedes the Masters Tournament at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. The first Par-3 contest was held before the 1960 tournament, and was won by three-time Masters champion Sam Snead. The contest takes place in a single round on a nine-hole, par-27 course in the northeast corner of Augusta National Grounds, which was designed in 1958 by George Cobb and club founder Clifford Roberts.
Traditionally, the golfers playing in the contest have invited family members onto the course to caddie for them, sometimes allowing them to play shots on their behalf. Through the 2019 contest, ninety-four holes in one have been made during the history of the tournament, including nine in the 2016 event.
Snead became the tournament's first repeat winner when he triumphed in the 1974 event. The most recent winner, in 2018, is Tom Watson, who won his second Par-3 contest 36 years after winning his first in 1982. Jimmy Walker holds the course record, which he set in 2016, with a round of 8 under par, including a hole in one.

title: Vijay Singh hierarchical section title: Vijay Singh caption attribution description: English: The Fijian professional golfer Vijay Singh content: Vijay Singh CF, nicknamed "The Big Fijian", is a Fijian professional golfer. He has won 34 events on the PGA Tour, including three major championships: one Masters title and two PGA Championships. He was elected to the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2006.
Singh held Number 1 in the Official World Golf Ranking for 32 weeks in 2004 and 2005. Vijay was the 12th man to reach the world No. 1-ranking and was the only new world No. 1 in the 2000s decade. Singh was the leading PGA Tour money winner in 2003, 2004 and 2008. He also captured the FedEx Cup in 2008.


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title: Ester Ferrabini hierarchical section title: Ester Ferrabini caption reference description: Ester Ferrabini, from a 1922 publication. content: Ester Ferrabini was an Italian opera singer.


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title: History of Protestantism section title: Impact of humanism hierarchical section title: History of Protestantism / Origins / Impact of humanism caption reference description: Erasmus was a Catholic priest who inspired some of the Protestant reformers. content: Protestantism originated from the Protestation at Speyer in 1529, where the nobility protested against enforcement of the Edict of Worms which subjected advocates of Lutheranism to forfeiture of all of their property. However, the theological underpinnings go back much further, as Protestant theologians of the time cited both Church Fathers and the Apostles to justify their choices and formulations. The earliest origin of Protestantism is controversial; with some Protestants today claiming origin back to groups in the early church deemed heretical such as the Montanists.
Since the 16th century, major factors affecting Protestantism have been the Catholic Counter-Reformation which opposed it successfully especially in France, Spain and Italy. Then came an era of confessionalization followed by Rationalism, Pietism, and the Great Awakenings. Major movements today include Evangelicalism, mainline denominations, and Pentecostalism.

title: Erasmus section title: Free will hierarchical section title: Erasmus / Beginnings of Protestantism / Free will caption reference description: Erasmus by Holbein. Louvre, Paris. content: Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus was a Dutch philosopher and Christian scholar who is widely considered to have been one of the greatest scholars of the northern Renaissance. As a Catholic priest, Erasmus was an important figure in classical scholarship who wrote in a pure Latin style. Among humanists he enjoyed the sobriquet "Prince of the Humanists", and has been called "the crowning glory of the Christian humanists". Using humanist techniques for working on texts, he prepared important new Latin and Greek editions of the New Testament, which raised questions that would be influential in the Protestant Reformation and Catholic Counter-Reformation. He also wrote On Free Will, In Praise of Folly, Handbook of a Christian Knight, On Civility in Children, Copia: Foundations of the Abundant Style, Julius Exclusus, and many other works.
Erasmus lived against the backdrop of the growing European religious Reformation.

title: Dissolution of the Monasteries section title: Context hierarchical section title: Dissolution of the Monasteries / Context caption reference description: Desiderius Erasmus by Holbein; Renaissance humanist and influential critic of religious orders. Louvre, Paris. content: The Dissolution of the Monasteries, occasionally referred to as the Suppression of the Monasteries, was the set of administrative and legal processes between 1536 and 1541 by which Henry VIII disbanded monasteries, priories, convents and friaries, in England, Wales and Ireland, appropriated their income, disposed of their assets, and provided for their former personnel and functions. Although the policy was originally envisaged as increasing the regular income of the Crown, much former monastic property was sold off to fund Henry's military campaigns in the 1540s. He was given the authority to do this in England and Wales by the Act of Supremacy, passed by Parliament in 1534, which made him Supreme Head of the Church in England, thus separating England from Papal authority, and by the First Suppression Act and the Second Suppression Act.
Professor George W. Bernard argues:
The dissolution of the monasteries in the late 1530s was one of the most revolutionary events in English history.

title: Paraphrases of Erasmus hierarchical section title: Paraphrases of Erasmus caption reference description: Portrait of Erasmus von Rotterdam by Hans Holbein the Younger (first quarter of 16th century, Louvre, Paris) content: The Paraphrases were Latin Biblical paraphrases, rewritings of the Gospels by Desiderius Erasmus. Composed between 1517 and 1524, Erasmus occasionally revised them until his death in 1536.
In 1547, Edward VI of England ordered an English-language version to be displayed in all parish churches. The translation was overseen by Nicholas Udall, with the future Queen Mary, Edward's half-sister, contributing.

title: Pronunciation of Ancient Greek in teaching section title: Renaissance scholarship hierarchical section title: Pronunciation of Ancient Greek in teaching / Renaissance scholarship caption reference description: Erasmus content: Ancient Greek has been pronounced in various ways by those studying Ancient Greek literature in various times and places.

title: History of the Netherlands section title: Habsburg rule from Spain hierarchical section title: History of the Netherlands / Burgundian and Habsburg period (1433–1567) / Habsburg rule from Spain caption reference description: Desiderius Erasmus, 1466–1536, Rotterdam Renaissance humanist, Catholic priest and theologian, by Hans Holbein the Younger, 1523. content: The History of the Netherlands is a history of seafaring people thriving on a lowland river delta on the North Sea in northwestern Europe. Records begin with the four centuries during which the region formed a militarized border zone of the Roman Empire. This came under increasing pressure from Germanic peoples moving westwards. As Roman power collapsed and the Middle Ages began, three dominant Germanic peoples coalesced in the area, Frisians in the north and coastal areas, Low Saxons in the northeast, and the Franks in the south.
During the Middle Ages, the descendants of the Carolingian dynasty came to dominate the area and then extended their rule to a large part of Western Europe. The region nowadays corresponding to the Netherlands therefore became part of Lower Lotharingia within the Frankish Holy Roman Empire. For several centuries, lordships such as Brabant, Holland, Zeeland, Friesland, Guelders and others held a changing patchwork of territories. There was no unified equivalent of the modern Netherlands.

title: In Praise of Folly hierarchical section title: In Praise of Folly caption reference description: Erasmus in 1523, by Hans Holbein content: In Praise of Folly, also translated as The Praise of Folly, is an essay written in Latin in 1509 by Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam and first printed in June 1511. Inspired by previous works of the Italian humanist Faustino Perisauli De Triumpho Stultitiae, it is a satirical attack on superstitions and other traditions of European society as well as on the Western Church.
Erasmus revised and extended his work, which was originally written in the space of a week while sojourning with Sir Thomas More at More's house in Bucklersbury in the City of London. The title Moriae Encomium had a punning second meaning as In Praise of More. In Praise of Folly is considered one of the most notable works of the Renaissance and played an important role in the beginnings of the Protestant Reformation.

title: Catholic peace traditions section title: Humanism hierarchical section title: Catholic peace traditions / Renaissance and Reformation (c.1400 – c.1800) / Humanism caption reference description: Erasmus by Hans Holbein the Younger content: Catholic peace traditions begin with its biblical and classical origins to the current practice in the 21st century. Because of its long history and breadth of geographical and cultural diversity, this Catholic tradition encompasses many strains and influences of both religious and secular peacemaking and many aspects of Christian pacifism, just war and nonviolence.
Catholic tradition as a whole supports and favors peacemaking efforts. Peacemaking is an integral part of Catholic Social Teaching.

title: New Latin section title: Notable works (1500–1900) hierarchical section title: New Latin / Notable works (1500–1900) caption reference description: Erasmus by Holbein content: New Latin
was a revival in the use of Latin in original, scholarly, and scientific works between c. 1375 and c. 1900s. Modern scholarly and technical nomenclature, such as in zoological and botanical taxonomy and international scientific vocabulary, draws extensively from New Latin vocabulary. In such use, New Latin is subject to new word formation. As a language for full expression in prose or poetry, however, it is often distinguished from its successor, Contemporary Latin.

title: Toleration section title: Erasmus hierarchical section title: Toleration / In the Middle Ages, Renaissance, and Reformation / Erasmus caption reference description: Erasmus content: Toleration is the allowing, permitting, or acceptance of an action, idea, object, or person which one dislikes or disagrees with. Political scientist Andrew R. Murphy explains that "We can improve our understanding by defining "toleration" as a set of social or political practices and "tolerance" as a set of attitudes.". Where Random House Dictionary defines tolerance as "a fair, objective, and permissive attitude toward those whose opinions, beliefs, practices, racial or ethnic origins, etc., differ from one's own;" toleration is the practice of applying those attitudes within a social or political setting.
Both these concepts inherently contain the idea of alterity, the state of otherness. Additional choices of how to respond to the "other," beyond toleration, do exist. Therefore, in some instances, toleration has been seen as ‘a flawed virtue’ because it concerns acceptance of things that were better overcome. Toleration cannot, therefore, be defined as a universal good, and many of its applications and uses remain contested.


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title: Biel Water hierarchical section title: Biel Water caption reference description: Biel Mill on the Biel Water caption attribution description: English: Biel Water, Biel, East Lothian content: The Biel Water is a river running through the Biel Estate in Biel, East Lothian.
It runs for 4.5 kilometres from the Luggate Burn and the Whittinghame Water, via Stenton, Biel House, West Barns, and finally to Belhaven Bay with its rather unusual bridge, whose ends are submerged at high tide.

title: Biel, East Lothian section title: Photo gallery hierarchical section title: Biel, East Lothian / Photo gallery caption attribution description: English: Biel Water, Biel, East Lothian content: Biel is a village in East Lothian, Scotland, UK, to the south of Dunbar, off the B6370 road. It is situated on the Biel Estate, close to Biel House.


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title: Qi'ao Island section title: Educational base hierarchical section title: Qi'ao Island / Educational base caption reference description: Su Zhaozheng's historic home caption attribution description: English: The historic home of Su Zhaozheng on Qi'ao Island in Zhuhai. content: Qi'ao Island is an island of Zhuhai, Guangdong province, China.