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title: Vi section title: Creation hierarchical section title: Vi / History / Creation caption reference description: Bill Joy, the original creator of the vi editor caption attribution description: English: Bill Joy content: vi is a screen-oriented text editor originally created for the Unix operating system. The portable subset of the behavior of vi and programs based on it, and the ex editor language supported within these programs, is described by the Single Unix Specification and POSIX.
The original code for vi was written by Bill Joy in 1976, as the visual mode for a line editor called ex that Joy had written with Chuck Haley. Bill Joy's ex 1.1 was released as part of the first Berkeley Software Distribution Unix release in March 1978. It was not until version 2.0 of ex, released as part of Second BSD in May 1979 that the editor was installed under the name "vi", and the name by which it is known today. Some current implementations of vi can trace their source code ancestry to Bill Joy; others are completely new, largely compatible reimplementations.
The name "vi" is derived from the shortest unambiguous abbreviation for the ex command visual, which switches the ex line editor to visual mode. The name is pronounced.

title: Bill Joy hierarchical section title: Bill Joy caption reference description: Bill Joy at World Economic Forum (Davos), 2003-01 caption attribution description: English: Bill Joy content: William Nelson Joy is an American computer engineer and venture capitalist. He co-founded Sun Microsystems in 1982 along with Scott McNealy, Vinod Khosla, and Andy Bechtolsheim, and served as CTO at the company until 2003. He played an integral role in the early development of BSD UNIX while being a graduate student at Berkeley, and he is the original author of the vi text editor. He also wrote the 2000 essay Why The Future Doesn't Need Us, in which he expressed deep concerns over the development of modern technologies.

title: Obscurantism section title: Bill Joy hierarchical section title: Obscurantism / Restricting knowledge / Bill Joy caption reference description: Bill Joy caption attribution description: English: Bill Joy content: Obscurantism is the practice of deliberately presenting information in an imprecise and abstruse manner, often designed to forestall further inquiry and understanding. There are two historical and intellectual denotations of Obscurantism: the deliberate restriction of knowledge—opposition to disseminating knowledge; and deliberate obscurity—a recondite literary or artistic style, characterized by deliberate vagueness.
The term obscurantism derives from the title of the 16th-century satire Epistolæ Obscurorum Virorum, that was based upon the intellectual dispute between the German humanist Johann Reuchlin and the monk Johannes Pfefferkorn of the Dominican Order, about whether or not all Jewish books should be burned as un-Christian heresy. Earlier, in 1509, the monk Pfefferkorn had obtained permission from Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, to burn all copies of the Talmud known to be in the Holy Roman Empire; the Letters of Obscure Men satirized the Dominican arguments for burning "un-Christian" works.
In the 18th century, Enlightenment philosophers applied the term obscurantist to any enemy of intellectual enlightenment and the liberal diffusion of knowledge.


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title: Emerald Lingam section title: Sri Vijaya Ganapathy Temple, GandhiChowk, Khammam, Telangana - 507003 hierarchical section title: Emerald Lingam / Sri Vijaya Ganapathy Temple, GandhiChowk, Khammam, Telangana - 507003 caption reference description: Marakatha lingam at Sri Vijaya ganapathy temple in Khammam caption attribution description: English: marakatha lingam content: Emerald Lingams are established in many Hindu Temples in Tamil nadu.


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title: Bajirao Mastani section title: Principal photography hierarchical section title: Bajirao Mastani / Production / Principal photography caption reference description: Some of the outdoor scenes were filmed at the Amer Fort caption attribution description: हिन्दी: आमेर का किला जयपुर से 11 किलोमीटर की दूरी पर आमेर में स्तिथ है और ये जयपुर के प्रमुख दर्शनीय स्थलों में से एक है । caption alt text description: A photograph of Amer Fort content: Bajirao Mastani is a 2015 Indian Hindi-language epic historical romance film directed by Sanjay Leela Bhansali, who also composed its soundtrack. Jointly produced by Bhansali and Eros International's Kishore Lulla, the film stars Ranveer Singh, Deepika Padukone and Priyanka Chopra. The supporting cast includes Tanvi Azmi, Vaibhav Tatwawaadi and Milind Soman. Based on the fictional Marathi novel Rau by Nagnath S. Inamdar, Bajirao Mastani narrates the story of the Maratha Peshwa Bajirao I and his second wife.
Conceived as early as the 1990s, Bhansali announced the film in 2003 but production was delayed several times due to its changing cast. Bajirao Mastani, a passion project for Bhansali, spent the next eleven years in development hell before being revived in 2014. Extensive research was done before moving into pre-production, which required the creation of twenty-two highly detailed sets, and numerous costumes and props to strengthen its opulence and high production value. Principal photography took place on sets constructed in Film City, with some portions being filmed on location. Visual effects and CGI were used in post-production to enhance a number of scenes.

title: Amer Fort hierarchical section title: Amer Fort caption attribution description: हिन्दी: आमेर का किला जयपुर से 11 किलोमीटर की दूरी पर आमेर में स्तिथ है और ये जयपुर के प्रमुख दर्शनीय स्थलों में से एक है । content: Amer Fort or Amber Fort is a fort located in Amer, Rajasthan, India. Amer is a town with an area of 4 square kilometres located 11 kilometres from Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan. The town of Amer and the Amber Fort were originally built by the Meenas, and later it was ruled by Raja Man Singh I. Located high on a hill, it is the principal tourist attraction in Jaipur. Amer Fort is known for its artistic style elements. With its large ramparts and series of gates and cobbled paths, the fort overlooks Maota Lake, which is the main source of water for the Amer Palace.
Mughal architecture greatly influenced the architectural style of several buildings of the fort. Constructed of red sandstone and marble, the attractive, opulent palace is laid out on four levels, each with a courtyard. It consists of the Diwan-e-Aam, or "Hall of Public Audience", the Diwan-e-Khas, or "Hall of Private Audience", the Sheesh Mahal, or Jai Mandir, and the Sukh Niwas where a cool climate is artificially created by winds that blow over a water cascade within the palace. Hence, the Amer Fort is also popularly known as the Amer Palace. The palace was the residence of the Rajput Maharajas and their families.

title: Rajput resistance to Muslim conquests section title: Fight against Tuglaqs hierarchical section title: Rajput resistance to Muslim conquests / Delhi Sultanate / Fight against Tuglaqs caption attribution description: हिन्दी: आमेर का किला जयपुर से 11 किलोमीटर की दूरी पर आमेर में स्तिथ है और ये जयपुर के प्रमुख दर्शनीय स्थलों में से एक है । content: Before the Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent, much of northern and western India was being ruled by Rajput dynasties. The Rajput kingdoms contended with the rising and expansionist empires of the Muslim world, be they Arabs, Turks, Pashtuns, or Mughals. The Rajputs held out against the Caliphates and Central Asian empires for several centuries. A few of the Rajput kings converted to Islam, some formed alliance with the Mughals, which laid the foundations for the creation of the multi-ethnic Mughal Dynasty.


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title: Orville Alfred Ralston hierarchical section title: Orville Alfred Ralston caption reference description: Lieutenant Orville Alfred Ralston caption attribution description: English: Lieutenant Orville Alfred Ralston, 148th Aero Squadron content: Lieutenant Orville Alfred Ralston was a World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories. He returned to service for World War II, only to die in a B-17 crash.
Ralston joined the United States Army Air Service after attending Peru State College, only to be attached to the Royal Air Force for seasoning in combat. He flew a Royal Aircraft Factory SE.5a in "Mick" Mannock's flight of 85 Squadron, and gained his first two victories there, destroying a Fokker D.VII each on 24 July and 22 August 1918. He then returned to American aviation, becoming a Sopwith Camel pilot with the 148th Aero Squadron. He teamed with fellow ace Elliott White Springs and two other pilots for his next win, and then independently destroyed two more D.VIIs—one each on 26 September and 3 October 1918.
Ralston was finally awarded a Distinguished Service Cross in 1921.


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title: Wheatfield Township, Clinton County, Illinois hierarchical section title: Wheatfield Township, Clinton County, Illinois caption reference description: Location in Clinton County content: Wheatfield Township is one of fifteen townships in Clinton County, Illinois, USA. As of the 2010 census, its population was 478 and it contained 207 housing units.


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title: Murdeshwar section title: Etymology and Chronicles hierarchical section title: Murdeshwar / Etymology and Chronicles caption reference description: Lord Shiva statue at Murdeshwar caption attribution description: English: Lord Shiva statue at Murudeshwara content: Murdeshwar is a town in Bhatkal Taluk of Uttara Kannada district in the state of Karnataka, India. The town is located 13 km from the taluk headquarters of Bhatkal. Murdeshwar is famous for the world's second tallest Shiva statue, the town lies on the coast of the Arabian Sea and is also famous for the Murdeshwar Temple. Murdeshwar has a railway station on the Mangaluru-Mumbai Konkan railway route.


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title: Colin Tennant, 3rd Baron Glenconner hierarchical section title: Colin Tennant, 3rd Baron Glenconner caption reference description: Arms of Tennant: Argent, two crescents in fess sable on a chief gules a boar's head couped of the first[1] caption attribution description: English: Tennant arms: Argent, two crescents in fess sable on a chief gules a boar's head couped of the first (Montague-Smith, P.W. (ed.), Debrett's Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Companionage, Kelly's Directories Ltd, Kingston-upon-Thames, 1968, p.488, Baron Glenconner) content: Colin Christopher Paget Tennant, 3rd Baron Glenconner, was a British aristocrat. He was the son of Christopher Grey Tennant, 2nd Baron Glenconner, and Pamela Winefred Paget. He was also the nephew of Edward Wyndham Tennant and Stephen Tennant, and the half-brother of the novelist Emma Tennant.
Before succeeding to the peerage in 1983, he had travelled widely, especially in India and the West Indies. He was an avid socialite and a close friend of Princess Margaret, to whom his wife was a lady-in-waiting. In 1958, he purchased the island of Mustique in The Grenadines for £45,000.

title: Baron Glenconner hierarchical section title: Baron Glenconner caption reference description: Arms of Tennant: Argent, two crescents in fess sable on a chief gules a boar's head couped of the first[1] caption attribution description: English: Tennant arms: Argent, two crescents in fess sable on a chief gules a boar's head couped of the first (Montague-Smith, P.W. (ed.), Debrett's Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Companionage, Kelly's Directories Ltd, Kingston-upon-Thames, 1968, p.488, Baron Glenconner) content: Baron Glenconner, of The Glen in the County of Peebles, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1911 for Sir Edward Tennant, 2nd Baronet, who had earlier represented Salisbury in the House of Commons as a Liberal and also served as Lord Lieutenant of Peeblesshire. Lord Glenconner was succeeded by his second son, the second baron. The latter was succeeded in 1983 by his eldest son, the third baron, who bought the island of Mustique. As of 2014, the titles are held by the third baron's grandson, the fourth baron, who became the next-to-youngest peer in the realm when he succeeded in August 2010.
The Tennant Baronetcy, of The Glen and St Rollox, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom in 1885 for Charles Tennant, a businessman and Liberal Member of Parliament. He was the grandson of the chemist and industrialist Charles Tennant. Tennant was succeeded by his fourth son, the aforementioned second baronet, who was elevated to the peerage in 1911.
The seat of the baronetcy is Glen House, near Peebles, under the hill named Minchmuir.

title: Sir Charles Tennant, 1st Baronet hierarchical section title: Sir Charles Tennant, 1st Baronet caption reference description: Arms of Tennant: Argent, two crescents in fess sable on a chief gules a boar's head couped of the first[1] caption attribution description: English: Tennant arms: Argent, two crescents in fess sable on a chief gules a boar's head couped of the first (Montague-Smith, P.W. (ed.), Debrett's Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Companionage, Kelly's Directories Ltd, Kingston-upon-Thames, 1968, p.488, Baron Glenconner) content: Sir Charles Clow Tennant, 1st Baronet was a Scottish businessman, industrialist and Liberal politician.

title: Edward Tennant, 1st Baron Glenconner hierarchical section title: Edward Tennant, 1st Baron Glenconner caption reference description: Arms of Tennant: Argent, two crescents in fess sable on a chief gules a boar's head couped of the first[1] caption attribution description: English: Tennant arms: Argent, two crescents in fess sable on a chief gules a boar's head couped of the first (Montague-Smith, P.W. (ed.), Debrett's Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Companionage, Kelly's Directories Ltd, Kingston-upon-Thames, 1968, p.488, Baron Glenconner) content: Edward Priaulx Tennant, 1st Baron Glenconner, known as Sir Edward Tennant, 2nd Baronet, from 1906 to 1911, was a Scottish Liberal politician. In 1911 he was raised to the peerage as Baron Glenconner.


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title: Vorderkaiserfelden Hut hierarchical section title: Vorderkaiserfelden Hut caption reference description: The Vorderkaiserfelden Hut caption attribution description: English: The Vorderkaiserfelden Hut, an alpine hut in the Kufstein district of Austria. Deutsch: Die Vorderkaiserfeldenhütte im österreichischen Kaisergebirge. content: The Vorderkaiserfelden Hut is an alpine hut in the Kufstein district, Austria. It is located at 1,384 metres on the southwest slope of the Zahmer Kaiser below the Naunspitze and high above the Kaisertal valley in the Kaisergebirge mountain range. It has a good view over the Inn valley and Kufstein and across to the Mangfall Mountains and the Wilder Kaiser.
The hut is managed by the German Alpine Club's Oberland section. It has 64 communal bunks, 31 beds, and a "suite" for a couple in love.
The Vorderkaiserfelden Hut is open year-round except three weeks in December and after Easter. It can be accessed from Kufstein, the hike takes about 2.5 hours, or from Ebbs, also within about 2.5 hours.
Already in 1889, a hut with 6 communal bunks and 14 beds existed.


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title: Muslim Rajputs hierarchical section title: Muslim Rajputs caption reference description: Mussulman Bukiyana Rajpoots from Mooltan content: Muslim Rajputs are the patrilineal descendants of Rajputs of Northern regions of the Indian subcontinent who are followers of Islam. Today, Muslim Rajputs can be found in present-day Northern India and eastern parts of Pakistan. They are further divided into different clans.


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title: Cacahual hierarchical section title: Cacahual caption reference description: Location of the municipality and town of Cacahual in the Guainía Department of Colombia. It is located at 3° 8' 2" North, 67° 46' 32" West. content: Cacahual is a town and municipality located in the Guainía Department, Republic of Colombia.


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title: Kitasan Black hierarchical section title: Kitasan Black caption reference description: Kitasan Black in October 2015 caption attribution description: English: Kitasan Black (Racehorse of Japan). 日本語: キタサンブラック（第76回菊花賞本馬場入場）。投稿者が撮影および編集 content: Kitasan Black is a Japanese Thoroughbred racehorse and prospective sire. In a three-year track career he won twelve of his twenty races including seven Grade 1 events, won four JRA Awards and set the record for prize money won in Japan. He was a stayer who has produced most of his best performances over distances of 2400 metres or further. Unraced as a juvenile in 2014 he proved himself one of the best colts of his generation in Japan in the following year with wins in the Spring Stakes, St Lite Kinen and Kikuka Sho as well as third-place finishes in the Satsuki Sho and the Arima Kinen. He continued his good form in the first half of 2016 with a win in the spring edition of the Tenno Sho and a close third in the Takarazuka Kinen. He returned to the track in autumn to win the Kyoto Daishoten and the Japan Cup. His performances in 2016 saw him being voted Japanese Horse of the Year. In the following year he added four more G1 wins and was again named Horse of the Year.


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title: Trundholm sun chariot hierarchical section title: Trundholm sun chariot caption reference description: The left side of the disk shows no traces of gilding. content: The Trundholm sun chariot, is a Nordic Bronze Age artifact discovered in Denmark. It is a representation of the sun chariot, a bronze statue of a horse and a large bronze disk, which are placed on a device with spoked wheels.
The sculpture was discovered with no accompanying objects in 1902 in a peat bog on the Trundholm moor in Odsherred in the northwestern part of Zealand. It is now in the collection of the National Museum of Denmark in Copenhagen.


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title: World tour of Ulysses S. Grant section title: Paris, Netherlands, Germany, Scandinavia and Finland hierarchical section title: World tour of Ulysses S. Grant / 1878 / Paris, Netherlands, Germany, Scandinavia and Finland caption reference description: Chancellor Otto von Bismarck: In 1878, Grant and Bismarck discussed the American Civil War. content: The world tour of Ulysses S. Grant began in May 1877, only a couple of months after Grant's second presidential term had ended. After serving as a general during the Civil War, and as president for two consecutive terms during the turbulent Reconstruction Era, Grant was ready for a vacation from the years of stress that war and politics had brought him. Now in his later fifties, Grant looked forward to the tour with great enthusiasm. With his wife Julia they embarked on a long-anticipated tour, which would develop into an around the world tour, lasting more than two and a half years. The tour was filled with visits to a variety of places and prominent people, including Queen Victoria, Pope Leo XIII, Otto von Bismarck and other such dignitaries around the world. The Grants had a flexible itinerary and their visits to various countries would bring them to Paris three times during their tour. Grant was often received by cheering crowds as "General Grant" the Civil War hero in the various countries along the tour, often with official greetings and huge celebrations.
During the tour abroad, Grant was encouraged by his successor President Rutherford B.

title: Ulysses S. Grant section title: World tour and diplomacy hierarchical section title: Ulysses S. Grant / Post-presidency / World tour and diplomacy caption reference description: Grant and Bismarck in 1878 content: Ulysses S. Grant was an American soldier and politician who served as the 18th president of the United States from 1869 to 1877. Before his presidency, Grant led the Union Army as Commanding General of the United States Army in winning the American Civil War. As president, Grant worked with the Radical Republicans during Reconstruction to protect blacks and reestablish the public credit, while rebuilding the U.S. Navy.
Raised in Ohio, young Grant possessed an exceptional ability with horses, which served him well through his military career. He was admitted to West Point and graduated from the U.S. military academy in 1843. Grant served with distinction in the Mexican–American War. In 1848, he married Julia Dent, and together they had four children. Grant abruptly resigned his army commission in 1854 and returned to his family, but lived in poverty for seven years. During the Civil War, he joined the Union Army in 1861, and led the Vicksburg campaign, which gained control of the Mississippi River in 1863. After Grant's victory at Chattanooga, President Abraham Lincoln promoted him to Lieutenant General. For thirteen months, Grant fought Robert E.


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title: Renan Ribeiro hierarchical section title: Renan Ribeiro caption reference description: Ribeiro with Atlético Mineiro in 2011 caption attribution description: English: Atlético Mineiro's player Renan Ribeiro. Português: Renan Ribeiro, jogador do Atlético Mineiro. content: Renan Ribeiro is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Portuguese club Sporting CP.
He began his career in the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A with Atlético Mineiro and São Paulo. In January 2018 he moved to Portugal, where he represented Estoril and Sporting CP in the Primeira Liga.


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title: Scarborough Historic District section title: Sleepy Hollow Country Club hierarchical section title: Scarborough Historic District / Sleepy Hollow Country Club caption reference description: Woodlea, clubhouse of Sleepy Hollow Country Club caption attribution description: English: This is an image of Woodlea, the historic mansion in Briarcliff Manor, New York. I took this on June 12, 2014. caption alt text description: A three-story beige Renaissance Revival mansion content: The Scarborough Historic District is a national historic district located in the suburban community of Scarborough-on-Hudson, in Briarcliff Manor, New York. The 376-acre district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984, and contains seven historically and architecturally significant properties dating from the late 18th century to the early 20th century. Most of the properties are domestic, or used for education or religion. The most common architectural styles within the district are Mid-19th Century Revival and Late Victorian.


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title: Betaab Valley section title: Tourism hierarchical section title: Betaab Valley / Tourism caption reference description: Lidder river at Betaab Valley caption attribution description: English: Betaab Valley is located in the Pahalgam district of Jammu and Kashmir state in India content: Betaab valley is situated at a distance of 15 kilometers from Pahalgam in Anantnag district in India's northernmost union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. The valley got its name from the Sunny Deol-Amrita Singh hit debut film Betaab. The Valley is towards northeast of Pahalgam and falls between Pahalgam and Chandanwadi and is en route Amarnath Temple Yatra. The valley surrounded by lush green meadows, snow clad mountains and covered with dense vegetation.


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title: Chris Owens (American football) hierarchical section title: Chris Owens (American football) caption reference description: Owens with the Cleveland Browns caption attribution description: English: Cleveland Browns cornerback Chris Owens practices at training camp in 2013. content: Christopher Todd Dillard Owens is a former American football cornerback. He was drafted by the Atlanta Falcons in the third round of the 2009 NFL Draft. He played college football at San Jose State.


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title: Blandair section title: Structures hierarchical section title: Blandair / Structures caption reference description: Blandair Slave Quarters content: Blandair, also known as Blandair Farm, Blandair Park, and Blandair Regional Park, is 300 acres of former slave plantation located in Columbia, Maryland. The Blandair Foundation estate of Mrs. Smith was purchased by Howard County, Maryland in the late 1990s and is in the process of being developed as a regional park.


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title: Lola May hierarchical section title: Lola May caption reference description: May in 1916 publication content: Lola May was an American silent film and stage actress.


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title: List of Somerset towers section title: Churchill generation hierarchical section title: List of Somerset towers / Churchill generation caption attribution description: English: Compton Bishop Church. Taken by Rod Ward 15th August 2006 content: The Somerset towers, church towers built in the 14th to 16th centuries, have been described as among England's finest contributions to medieval art. The paragraphs and descriptions below describe features of some of these towers. The organization follows Peter Poyntz-Wright's scheme for grouping the towers by what he understands to be roughly the date and group of mason-architects who built them. Poyntz-Wright's scheme came under criticism in the 1980s.

title: Grade I listed buildings in Sedgemoor section title: Buildings hierarchical section title: Grade I listed buildings in Sedgemoor / Buildings caption attribution description: English: Compton Bishop Church. Taken by Rod Ward 15th August 2006 caption alt text description: Church of St Andrew content: Sedgemoor is a local government district in the English county of Somerset. In the United Kingdom, the term listed building refers to a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural, historical or cultural significance; Grade I structures are those considered to be "buildings of exceptional interest". Listing was begun by a provision in the Town and Country Planning Act 1947. Once listed, severe restrictions are imposed on the modifications allowed to a building's structure or its fittings. In England, the authority for listing under the Planning Act 1990 rests with Historic England, a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport; local authorities have a responsibility to regulate and enforce the planning regulations.
Sedgemoor is a low-lying area of land close to sea level between the Quantock and Mendip hills, historically largely marsh. It contains the bulk of the area also known as the Somerset Levels, including Europe's oldest known engineered roadway, the Sweet Track.
There are 53 Grade I listed buildings in Sedgemoor, 14 of which are in Castle Street, Bridgwater.

title: St Andrew's Church, Compton Bishop hierarchical section title: St Andrew's Church, Compton Bishop caption attribution description: English: Compton Bishop Church. Taken by Rod Ward 15th August 2006 content: The Church of St Andrew in Compton Bishop, Somerset, England dates from the 13th century, being consecrated by Bishop Jocelin in 1236, with more recent restoration. It is a Grade I listed building.
The church has a 14th- or 15th-century pulpit with tracery panels, carved friezes and cresting, described as "one of the best in Somerset". Above the pulpit is a large pedimented wall monument to John Prowse who died in 1688, as well as several of his children.
The two-stage tower with pinnacles and a stair turret has been dated to around 1380, although Harvey believes it is from the 15th century. The south porch was added and the roof renewed in 1852 by the Bath architectural practice of George Phillips Manners and John Elkington Gill.
The churchyard cross is grade II listed, as are two chest tombs in the churchyard.
The church is part of Crook Peak United Parish, which also includes the churches at Badgworth, Biddisham, Christon, Loxton and Weare.

title: Compton Bishop section title: Religious sites hierarchical section title: Compton Bishop / Religious sites caption reference description: Compton Bishop Church caption attribution description: English: Compton Bishop Church. Taken by Rod Ward 15th August 2006 content: Compton Bishop is a small village and civil parish, at the western end of the Mendip Hills in the English county of Somerset. It is located close to the historic town of Axbridge. Along with the village of Cross and the hamlets of Rackley and Webbington it forms the parish of Compton Bishop and Cross.


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title: Seneca people section title: Involvement in the American Revolution hierarchical section title: Seneca people / History / Interactions with the United States / Involvement in the American Revolution caption reference description: The Fate of Jane Wells. A non-combatant woman killed during the Cherry Valley Massacre. caption attribution description: English: Incident in Cherry Valley - fate of Jane Wells / from the original picture by Alonzo Chappel (1828-1887); Thomas Phillibrown, engraver. Jane Wells is pleading for her life, and a man attempts to protect her from an Indian who is about to kill her. House behind them is being burned by Loyalists and Indians led by Major Walter Butler and Mohawk Chief Joseph Brant, Cherry Valley, New York. Published: N.Y. : Martin, Johnson & Co. publishers, c1856. content: The Seneca are a group of indigenous Iroquoian-speaking people native to North America who historically lived south of Lake Ontario. Their nation was the farthest to the west within the Six Nations or Iroquois League in New York before the American Revolution.
In the 21st century, more than 10,000 Seneca live in the United States, which has three federally-recognized Seneca tribes. Two of them are centered in New York: the Seneca Nation of Indians, with two reservations in western New York near Buffalo; and the Tonawanda Seneca Nation. The Seneca-Cayuga Nation is in Oklahoma, where their ancestors were relocated from Ohio during the Indian Removal. Approximately 1,000 Seneca live in Canada, near Brantford, Ontario, at the Six Nations of the Grand River First Nation. They are descendants of Seneca who resettled there after the American Revolution, as they had been allies of the British and forced to cede much of their lands.
The tribe's name has no linguistic connection with the ancient Roman statesmen Seneca the Elder and Seneca the Younger. However, the two Romans' names might have influenced the anglicization of the tribe's name.

title: Raid on Unadilla and Onaquaga section title: Aftermath hierarchical section title: Raid on Unadilla and Onaquaga / Aftermath caption reference description: 19th century depiction of the Cherry Valley massacre caption attribution description: English: Incident in Cherry Valley - fate of Jane Wells / from the original picture by Alonzo Chappel (1828-1887); Thomas Phillibrown, engraver. Jane Wells is pleading for her life, and a man attempts to protect her from an Indian who is about to kill her. House behind them is being burned by Loyalists and Indians led by Major Walter Butler and Mohawk Chief Joseph Brant, Cherry Valley, New York. Published: N.Y. : Martin, Johnson & Co. publishers, c1856. content: The Raid on Unadilla and Onaquaga was a series of military operations by Continental Army forces and New York militia against the Iroquois towns of Unadilla and Onaquaga in what is now upstate New York. In early October 1778, more than 250 men under the command of Lieutenant Colonel William Butler of the 4th Pennsylvania Regiment descended on the two towns and destroyed them, razing most of the buildings and taking or destroying provisions, including the people's winter stores.
They conducted the raid in retaliation for a series of raids on frontier communities led by Mohawk chief Joseph Brant and British-supported Loyalists during the spring and summer of 1778. Unadilla was located in what is now the Village of Unadilla, Town of Unadilla, Otsego County, and Onaquaga was located in what is now the Town of Windsor, Broome County.

title: William Stacy section title: Cherry Valley massacre, and prisoner of war hierarchical section title: William Stacy / Cherry Valley massacre, and prisoner of war caption reference description: Cherry Valley massacre, the fate of Jane Wells, one of thirty non-combatants killed during the massacre. caption attribution description: English: Incident in Cherry Valley - fate of Jane Wells / from the original picture by Alonzo Chappel (1828-1887); Thomas Phillibrown, engraver. Jane Wells is pleading for her life, and a man attempts to protect her from an Indian who is about to kill her. House behind them is being burned by Loyalists and Indians led by Major Walter Butler and Mohawk Chief Joseph Brant, Cherry Valley, New York. Published: N.Y. : Martin, Johnson & Co. publishers, c1856. content: William Stacy was an officer of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, and a pioneer to the Ohio Country. Published histories describe Colonel William Stacy's involvement in a variety of events during the war, such as rallying the militia on a village common in Massachusetts, participating in the Siege of Boston, being captured by Loyalists and American Indians at the Cherry Valley massacre, narrowly escaping a death by burning at the stake, General George Washington's efforts to obtain Stacy's release from captivity, and Washington's gift of a gold snuff box to Stacy at the end of the war.
During Col. William Stacy's post-war life, he was a pioneer, helping to establish Marietta, Ohio as the first permanent American settlement of the new United States in the Northwest Territory. He was active in the Marietta pioneer community, and served as foreman of the first Grand Jury in the Northwest Territory, an event establishing the rule of law in the territory.

title: Cherry Valley massacre hierarchical section title: Cherry Valley massacre caption attribution description: English: Incident in Cherry Valley - fate of Jane Wells / from the original picture by Alonzo Chappel (1828-1887); Thomas Phillibrown, engraver. Jane Wells is pleading for her life, and a man attempts to protect her from an Indian who is about to kill her. House behind them is being burned by Loyalists and Indians led by Major Walter Butler and Mohawk Chief Joseph Brant, Cherry Valley, New York. Published: N.Y. : Martin, Johnson & Co. publishers, c1856. caption alt text description: An Indigenous man is about to tomahawk a settler while another settler tries to stop him. In the background a house is on fire. content: The Cherry Valley massacre was an attack by British and Iroquois forces on a fort and the village of Cherry Valley in central New York on November 11, 1778, during the American Revolutionary War. It has been described as one of the most horrific frontier massacres of the war. A mixed force of Loyalists, British soldiers, Seneca and Mohawks descended on Cherry Valley, whose defenders, despite warnings, were unprepared for the attack. During the raid, the Seneca in particular targeted non-combatants, and reports state that 30 such individuals were slain, in addition to a number of armed defenders.
The raiders were under the overall command of Walter Butler, who exercised little authority over the Indigenous People on the expedition. Historian Barbara Graymont describes Butler's command of the expedition as "criminally incompetent". The Seneca were angered by accusations that they had committed atrocities at the Battle of Wyoming, and the colonists' recent destruction of their forward bases of operation at Unadilla, Onaquaga, and Tioga. Butler's authority with the Indigenous People was undermined by his poor treatment of Joseph Brant, the leader of the Mohawks.

title: Upstate New York section title: American Revolution hierarchical section title: Upstate New York / History / American Revolution caption reference description: Cherry Valley massacre caption attribution description: English: Incident in Cherry Valley - fate of Jane Wells / from the original picture by Alonzo Chappel (1828-1887); Thomas Phillibrown, engraver. Jane Wells is pleading for her life, and a man attempts to protect her from an Indian who is about to kill her. House behind them is being burned by Loyalists and Indians led by Major Walter Butler and Mohawk Chief Joseph Brant, Cherry Valley, New York. Published: N.Y. : Martin, Johnson & Co. publishers, c1856. content: Upstate New York is the portion of New York State north of the New York metropolitan area. The Upstate region includes most of the land area of the state of New York, but a minority of the state's population. Although the precise boundary is debated, Upstate New York excludes New York City and Long Island, and most definitions of the region exclude all or part of Westchester and Rockland counties. Major cities in Upstate New York from east to west include Albany, Utica, Binghamton, Syracuse, Rochester, and Buffalo.
Before the American Revolutionary War, Upstate was populated by Native Americans and was home to the Six Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy. The region saw many battles between the Iroquois, the inhabitants of the region, and the Continental Army, and several treaties drawn up after the war forced the Iroquois to relinquish control of their land to settlers of European descent. It is largely rural with rugged terrain.
Upstate New York was transformed by the opening of the Erie Canal in 1825, which greatly eased the movement of goods from the upper midwest, the cities along the Great Lakes, and Upstate New York, to the port of New York City.

title: 1778 in the United States section title: October–December hierarchical section title: 1778 in the United States / Events / October–December caption reference description: November 11: Cherry Valley massacre caption attribution description: English: Incident in Cherry Valley - fate of Jane Wells / from the original picture by Alonzo Chappel (1828-1887); Thomas Phillibrown, engraver. Jane Wells is pleading for her life, and a man attempts to protect her from an Indian who is about to kill her. House behind them is being burned by Loyalists and Indians led by Major Walter Butler and Mohawk Chief Joseph Brant, Cherry Valley, New York. Published: N.Y. : Martin, Johnson & Co. publishers, c1856. content: Events from the year 1778 in the United States.


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title: Buddy Roosevelt hierarchical section title: Buddy Roosevelt caption reference description: Roosevelt in 1930 caption attribution description: English: Lobby card for the American western film Westward Bound (1930). There are no copyright marks on the item, which can be seen at the link. At bottom right is Country of origin USA. United States Copyright Office page 2 "Visually Perceptible Copies The notice for visually perceptible copies should contain all three elements described below. They should appear together or in close proximity on the copies. 1 The symbol © (letter C in a circle); the word “Copyright”; or the abbreviation “Copr.” 2 The year of first publication. If the work is a derivative work or a compilation incorporating previously published material, the year date of first publication of the derivative work or compilation is sufficient. Examples of derivative works are translations or dramatizations; an example of a compilation is an anthology. The year may be omitted when a pictorial, graphic, or sculptural work, with accompanying textual matter, if any, is reproduced in or on greeting cards, postcards, stationery, jewelry, dolls, toys, or useful articles. 3 The name of the copyright owner, an abbreviation by which the name can be recognized, or a generally known alternative designation of owner.1 Example © 2007 Jane Doe." content: Buddy Roosevelt was an American film and television actor and stunt performer from Hollywood's early silent film years through the 1950s.


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title: List of municipalities of Denmark hierarchical section title: List of municipalities of Denmark caption reference description: Central Denmark Region (click to enlarge) content: This is a list of current Municipalities of Denmark. The number of municipalities was reduced from 270 to the current 98 on Monday January 1, 2007. The archipelago of Ertholmene is not part of any municipality or region but is administered by the Ministry of Defence.
Used for various statistical and administrative purposes.

title: Central Denmark Region section title: Geography hierarchical section title: Central Denmark Region / Geography caption reference description: The municipalities composing Central Denmark Region. content: Central Denmark Region, or more directly translated as Central Jutland Region and sometimes simply Mid Jutland, is an administrative region of Denmark established on 1 January 2007 as part of the 2007 Danish Municipal Reform. The reform abolished the traditional counties and replaced them with five new administrative regions. At the same time, smaller municipalities were merged into larger units, cutting the total number of municipalities from 271 before 1 January 2006, to 98. Central Denmark Region comprises 19 municipalities. The reform diminished the power of the regional level dramatically in favor of the local level and the national government in Copenhagen.


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title: Little Hills 158A hierarchical section title: Little Hills 158A caption reference description: Location in Saskatchewan content: Little Hills 158A is an Indian reserve of the Lac La Ronge Indian Band in Saskatchewan. It is 6 miles southwest of La Ronge, and on the north bank of the Little Hills River.


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title: Great Geneva hierarchical section title: Great Geneva caption reference description: This is a watercolor painting of Great Geneva painted circa 1850 by Lydia Sharpless Hunn. It remains in the Hunn family. caption attribution description: English: This is a watercolor painting of Great Geneva painted circa 1850 by Lydia Sharpless Hunn. It remains in the Hunn family. content: Great Geneva is a historic home located near Camden, Kent County, Delaware. It was built in about 1765, and is a 2-1/2-story, brick, hall-and-parlor plan dwelling with a small frame kitchen wing. The layout is an adaptation of the Resurrection Manor plan. It is associated with the prominent Hunn family and the local Quaker community. The house was an important station on the Underground Railroad.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.


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title: National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Puerto Rico section title: Hatillo hierarchical section title: National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Puerto Rico / Hatillo caption attribution description: Español: En el 1824 el templo católico según los requisitos del gobierno español. En el 1830 ya Hatillo tenía construida la iglesia católica con techo plano, cúpula ciega y torre añadida cubriendo un área de 428.81 metros cuadrados. El cura párroco don Pedro Pascual Despiau fue el sacerdote católico que inició la inscripción de bautismo en la Parroquia de Nuestra Señora Del Carmen el día 8 de diciembre de 1830. El Padre Pedro Pascual Despiau ejerció su postulado por espacio de veinte años en la parroquia. Según un inventario que hace el Padre, nos describe la iglesia como una techada de manil de veinte varas de largo y diez de ancho por cuatro de luz de alto. Un campanario con tejas manil con dos campanas, una grande y otra más pequeña. Originalmente fue bautizada Parroquia de Nuestra Concepción. Al terminar su construcción en el 1830 fue llamada Parroquia de Nuestra Señora del Carmen. Los terremotos del 11 de octubre de1918 causaron muchos daños a través del área norte y oeste de Puerto Rico no siendo la excepción la Parroquia Nuestra Señora del Carmen. Las paredes se agrietaron y el muro occidental se separó de los otros muros. Luego de estos acontecimientos se le hicieron mejoras que culminaron con la instalación del reloj en el año 1922, en su torre principal. Éste reloj tiene su propia historia. Según el Ingeniero Bernardino Santo, persona que hizo todos los trámites para conseguirlo, el mismo estuvo instalado primeramente en la casa alcaldía de San Juan y luego por muchos años en la de Arecibo durante los siglos diecisiete y dieciocho. Actualmente tiene una antigüedad de sobre trescientos años. Para información sobre Hatillo visite a www.enlaceapuertorico.com. This is an image of a place or building that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places in the United States of America. Its reference number is 84000443 caption alt text description: Church Nuestra Señora del Carmen of Hatillo content: This portion of National Register of Historic Places listings in Puerto Rico is along the north coast, north plains, and north slopes of the Cordillera, from Isabela to Guaynabo.
Names of places given are as appear in the National Register, reflecting name as given in NRHP application at the date of listing. Note, the National Register name system does not accommodate Spanish á, ñ and other letters.
This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted July 31, 2020.

title: Iglesia de Nuestra Señora del Carmen hierarchical section title: Iglesia de Nuestra Señora del Carmen caption reference description: The church in 2010 caption attribution description: Español: En el 1824 el templo católico según los requisitos del gobierno español. En el 1830 ya Hatillo tenía construida la iglesia católica con techo plano, cúpula ciega y torre añadida cubriendo un área de 428.81 metros cuadrados. El cura párroco don Pedro Pascual Despiau fue el sacerdote católico que inició la inscripción de bautismo en la Parroquia de Nuestra Señora Del Carmen el día 8 de diciembre de 1830. El Padre Pedro Pascual Despiau ejerció su postulado por espacio de veinte años en la parroquia. Según un inventario que hace el Padre, nos describe la iglesia como una techada de manil de veinte varas de largo y diez de ancho por cuatro de luz de alto. Un campanario con tejas manil con dos campanas, una grande y otra más pequeña. Originalmente fue bautizada Parroquia de Nuestra Concepción. Al terminar su construcción en el 1830 fue llamada Parroquia de Nuestra Señora del Carmen. Los terremotos del 11 de octubre de1918 causaron muchos daños a través del área norte y oeste de Puerto Rico no siendo la excepción la Parroquia Nuestra Señora del Carmen. Las paredes se agrietaron y el muro occidental se separó de los otros muros. Luego de estos acontecimientos se le hicieron mejoras que culminaron con la instalación del reloj en el año 1922, en su torre principal. Éste reloj tiene su propia historia. Según el Ingeniero Bernardino Santo, persona que hizo todos los trámites para conseguirlo, el mismo estuvo instalado primeramente en la casa alcaldía de San Juan y luego por muchos años en la de Arecibo durante los siglos diecisiete y dieciocho. Actualmente tiene una antigüedad de sobre trescientos años. Para información sobre Hatillo visite a www.enlaceapuertorico.com. This is an image of a place or building that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places in the United States of America. Its reference number is 84000443 content: The Iglesia de Nuestra Señora del Carmen is a church in Hatillo, Puerto Rico dating from 1879. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.
It was designed by Pedro A. Beibal.
It is one of 31 churches reviewed for listing on the National Register in 1984.


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title: Royal FloraHolland section title: Naaldwijk hierarchical section title: Royal FloraHolland / History by location / Naaldwijk caption reference description: FloraHolland Naaldwijk assembly hall. caption attribution description: Overview FloraHolland Naaldwijk content: Royal FloraHolland, legally Koninklijke Coöperatieve Bloemenveiling Royal FloraHolland U.A., is a Dutch conglomerate of florists. It is one of the largest auction companies in the world. Royal FloraHolland is headquartered in Aalsmeer, with locations in Naaldwijk, Rijnsburg and Eelde.


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title: Juan Cuadrado section title: Career statistics hierarchical section title: Juan Cuadrado / Career statistics caption reference description: Cuadrado awaiting his debut for Chelsea at Villa Park on 7 February 2015 caption attribution description: Aston Villa 1 Chelsea 2 content: Juan Guillermo Cuadrado Bello is a Colombian professional footballer who plays for Serie A club Juventus and the Colombia national team. He is known for his direct style of play, including his pace as well as his dribbling skills. He started off in a central midfield role, acting as a defensive midfielder early in his career, also being used as a forward on occasion, before being moved into as a wider positions in which he now usually plays, often operating as a right-sided winger, attacking midfielder, full-back or wing-back.
Having begun his career at Independiente Medellín, Cuadrado moved to Italy in 2009 to join Udinese. Used sparingly at the club, he was loaned to Lecce for the 2011–12 season, where despite relegation from Serie A, his performances earned a transfer to Fiorentina. In February 2015, he was signed by Chelsea, but after playing sparingly, was loaned to Juventus for consecutive seasons, where he won successive Serie A and Coppa Italia titles. He joined the club permanently in 2017, and added a third consecutive domestic double the following season, followed by a two more consecutive league titles and a Supercoppa Italiana over the next two seasons.


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title: Spite house hierarchical section title: Spite house caption reference description: The Skinny House in Boston, Massachusetts was reputedly built by a man who inherited only a small patch of land, to spite his neighbor by blocking his view caption attribution description: English: Skinny House, a spite house in Boston content: A spite house is a building constructed or substantially modified to irritate neighbors or any party with land stakes. Because long-term occupation is not the primary purpose of these houses, they frequently sport strange and impractical structures.
Spite houses may create obstructions, such as blocking out light or blocking access to neighboring buildings, or can be flagrant symbols of defiance. Although homeowners generally have no right to views, light, or air, neighbors can sue for a negative easement. In instances regarding a spite build, courts are far more likely to side with the neighboring parties which may have been affected by that build. For example, the Coty v. Ramsey Associates, Inc. case of 1988 ruled that the defendant's spite farm constituted a nuisance, granting the neighboring landowner a negative easement.
Spite houses, as well as spite farms, are considerably rarer than spite fences. This is partially attributable to the fact that modern building codes often prevent the construction of houses likely to impinge on neighbors' views or privacy, but mostly because fence construction is far cheaper, quicker, and easier than home construction.

title: Skinny House (Boston) hierarchical section title: Skinny House (Boston) caption reference description: The Skinny House in November 2019 caption attribution description: English: Skinny House, a spite house in Boston content: The Skinny House at 44 Hull Street in the North End of Boston, Massachusetts, USA, is an extremely narrow four-story house reported by the Boston Globe as having the "uncontested distinction of being the narrowest house in Boston." According to the executive director of the Boston Landmarks Commission, "In a city where there are many narrow lots, this far exceeds the norm. ... As far as we know, it is the narrowest house in Boston." It was originally built as a spite house.


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title: British Malaya section title: Johor and Singapore hierarchical section title: British Malaya / Expansion of British influence (19th century) / Johor and Singapore caption reference description: 1888 German map of Singapore caption attribution description: Deutsch: Situationskärtchen von Singapur (1 : 2 500 000) English: 1888 German map of Singapore content: The term "British Malaya" loosely describes a set of states on the Malay Peninsula and the island of Singapore that were brought under British hegemony or control between the 18th and the 20th centuries. Unlike the term "British India", which excludes the Indian princely states, British Malaya is often used to refer to the Federated and Unfederated Malay States, which were British protectorates with their own local rulers, as well as the Straits Settlements, which were under the sovereignty and direct rule of the British Crown, after a period of control by the East India Company.
Before the formation of the Malayan Union in 1946, the territories were not placed under a single unified administration, with the exception of the immediate post-war period when a British military officer became the temporary administrator of Malaya. Instead, British Malaya comprised the Straits Settlements, the Federated Malay States, and the Unfederated Malay States. Under British hegemony, Malaya was one of the most profitable territories of the Empire, being the world's largest producer of tin and later rubber. During the Second World War, Japan ruled a part of Malaya as a single unit from Singapore.

title: Singapore in the Straits Settlements section title: Beginning of British rule in Singapore hierarchical section title: Singapore in the Straits Settlements / Beginning of British rule in Singapore caption reference description: An 1888 German map of Singapore. caption attribution description: Deutsch: Situationskärtchen von Singapur (1 : 2 500 000) English: 1888 German map of Singapore content: Singapore in the Straits Settlements refers to a period in the history of Singapore from 1826 to 1942, during which Singapore was part of the Straits Settlements together with Penang and Malacca. From 1830 to 1867, the Straits Settlements was a residency, or subdivision, of the Presidency of Bengal, in British India.
In 1867, the Straits Settlements became a separate Crown colony, directly overseen by the Colonial Office in Whitehall in London. The period saw Singapore establish itself as an important trading port and developed into a major city with a rapid increase in population.
British rule was suspended in February 1942, when the Imperial Japanese Army invaded Singapore during World War II.

title: History of Singapore section title: 1867–1942: Straits Settlements Crown Colony hierarchical section title: History of Singapore / 1819–1942: Colonial Singapore / 1867–1942: Straits Settlements Crown Colony caption reference description: 1888 German map of Singapore caption attribution description: Deutsch: Situationskärtchen von Singapur (1 : 2 500 000) English: 1888 German map of Singapore content: The history of the modern state of Singapore dates back to its founding in the early nineteenth century, but evidence suggests that a significant trading settlement existed in the Island of Singapore in the 14th century. At the time, the Kingdom of Singapura was under the rule of Parameswara, who killed the previous ruler before he was expelled by the Majapahit or the Siamese. It then came under the Malacca Sultanate and then the Johor Sultanate. In 1819, Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles negotiated a treaty whereby Johor allowed the British to locate a trading port on the island, leading to the establishment of the British crown colony of Singapore in 1819.
During World War II, Singapore was conquered and occupied by the Japanese Empire from 1942 to 1945. When the war ended, Singapore reverted to British control, with increasing levels of self-government being granted, culminating in Singapore's merger with the Federation of Malaya to form Malaysia in 1963. However, social unrest and disputes between Singapore's ruling People's Action Party and Malaysia's Alliance Party resulted in Singapore's expulsion from Malaysia. Singapore became an independent republic on 9 August 1965.

title: Outline of Singapore section title: History of Singapore hierarchical section title: Outline of Singapore / History of Singapore caption reference description: 1888 German map of Singapore caption attribution description: Deutsch: Situationskärtchen von Singapur (1 : 2 500 000) English: 1888 German map of Singapore content: The following outline is provided as an overview and topical guide to Singapore:
Singapore – sovereign republic comprising the main island of Singapore and smaller outlying islands which are located at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula in Southeast Asia. Singapore lies 137 kilometres north of the equator, south of the Malaysian state of Johor and north of Indonesia's Riau Islands. Singapore is one of three remaining true city-states in the world. It is the second smallest nation in Asia.


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title: Osheaga Festival section title: Etymology hierarchical section title: Osheaga Festival / Etymology caption reference description: Crowd gathers behind Osheaga sign. The skyline of Montreal can be seen from the Île Sainte-Hélène, where the festival is held. caption attribution description: P1030212 content: The Osheaga Music and Arts Festival is a multi-day indie music festival in Montreal, Quebec, that is held every summer at Parc Jean-Drapeau on Île Sainte-Hélène. The festival takes place on six stages with various audience capacities. Translated from their French equivalents, they are called "River Stage," "Mountain Stage," "Green Stage," "Trees Stage," "Valley Stage," and "Zone Piknic Electronik." Each performance area is paired with a sponsor. Band set times fluctuate based on the status of the performer within the festival. Emerging artists play 30-minute sets, and headliners conclude each day with 90-minute plus sets. The 2006 festival attracted a crowd of around 25,000 people. The 2012 festival reached its 40,000 attendance capacity each day.


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title: List of Latter Day Saints section title: Rugby union hierarchical section title: List of Latter Day Saints / Sports figures / Rugby / Rugby union caption reference description: Ma'a Nonu of the All Blacks caption attribution description: English: New Zealand rugby union player Ma'a Nonu and the rest of the All Blacks visit Christchurch during the Rugby World Cup. content: This is a list of Latter Day Saints who have attained levels of notability. This list includes adherents of all Latter Day Saint movement denominations, including The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Community of Christ, and others.
Members of the LDS Church are usually considered either "active", meaning they attend church on a regular basis and are committed to living their religion, or "less active" or "inactive", meaning they do not attend church regularly and/or they do not adhere to its principles. See List of former Latter Day Saints for a list of persons who ended their affiliation with Latter Day Saint movement religions.


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title: Carrawburgh hierarchical section title: Carrawburgh caption reference description: Southern rampart of Brocolitia caption attribution description: English: Brocolitia. Looking west towards 1020196 just to the left of the clump of trees on the horizon. The fort measures about 140m by 110m and covers 1.6 ha (nearly 4 acres). {Source: Handbook to the Roman Wall by J Collingwood Bruce.} content: Carrawburgh is a settlement in Northumberland. In Roman times, it was the site of a 3½ acre auxiliary fort on Hadrian's Wall called Brocolitia, Procolita, or Brocolita. This name is probably based on the Celtic name for the place, and one possible translation put forward is 'badger holes'. The fort there was a mile or so west of the Wall's northernmost point at Limestone Corner, and just over a mile west of the nearest milecastle, Milecastle 30. The fort either used the Wall itself as its northern rampart, or was built parallel to it but detached. It certainly postdates both the Wall and the vallum.
Only the fort's earthworks are now visible, the Wall at this point and the fort's north ramparts having been demolished for the construction of General Wade's early 18th-century military road. The late 19th-century archaeologist John Clayton carried out a partial excavation of the site, revealing a military bath-house outside the fort's west gate and the fort's south-west corner-tower.
The Roman Inscriptions of Britain lists 48 inscriptions for the site. They show its garrisoning units to have been as follows:
RIB 1550 – Hadrianic? c. AD133 – First Cohort of Aquitani


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title: Roman Catholic Diocese of Whitehorse hierarchical section title: Roman Catholic Diocese of Whitehorse caption attribution description: Català: Mapa del bisbat de Whitehorse a Canadà English: Map of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Whitehorse in Canada Français : carte de la diocèse de Whitehorse au Canada content: The Roman Catholic Diocese of Whitehorse is a Roman Catholic diocese that includes Yukon and the northern portion of British Columbia north of latitude 57 degrees.
As of 2003, the diocese contains 23 parishes, 4 active diocesan priests, 9 religious priests, and 9,000 Catholics. It also has 8 Women Religious, 10 Religious Brothers, and 1 permanent deacon.


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title: Corinna Shattuck section title: Personal life hierarchical section title: Corinna Shattuck / Personal life caption reference description: The Armenian inscription on Corinna Shattuck's tombstone in Newton, Massachusetts. content: Corinna Shattuck was an American educator and missionary in Turkey, recognized for heroism at Urfa in 1895–1896.


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title: John Kotelawala section title: Titles and honours hierarchical section title: John Kotelawala / Titles and honours caption reference description: An Official Letter to Harry Kotelawala caption attribution description: English: Service Letter which has been issued to my Grand Father (Don Harry Kotelawala) by Sir John Kotelawala content: General Sir John Lionel Kotelawala CH KBE KStJ PC was a Sri Lankan statesman, most notable as the 3rd Prime Minister of Ceylon from 1953 to 1956.
Born to a wealthy landholding and mining family, Kotelawala had a difficult childhood with the suicide of his father and financial difficulties that followed. He was educated at Royal College, Colombo and Christ's College, Cambridge before returning to become a planter and run the family estates and mines. Being from a politically active family, he entered active politics at the age of 35 years having been elected to the State Council of Ceylon. He later served as Minister of Communications and Works in the Second Board of Ministers of Ceylon. With Ceylon gaining independence in 1945, he was elected to Parliament and became a member of the first Cabinet as Minister of Transport and Works. Overlooked for the post of Prime Minister when the first Prime Minister of Ceylon, D. S. Senanayake died suddenly. A year later he succeeded Dudley Senanayake as the third Prime Minister of Ceylon serving until his party lost the general election in 1956. Kotelawala retired from politics thereafter.


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title: Heydar Aliyev Center section title: Design hierarchical section title: Heydar Aliyev Center / Design caption reference description: The Center on a 20-qapik stamp for the 2012 Eurovision Song Contest, held in Baku caption attribution description: English: "Eurovision - 2012" song contest content: The Heydar Aliyev Center is a 57,500 m² building complex in Baku, Azerbaijan designed by Iraqi-British architect Zaha Hadid and noted for its distinctive architecture and flowing, curved style that eschews sharp angles. The center is named after Heydar Aliyev, the first secretary of Soviet Azerbaijan from 1969 to 1982, and president of Azerbaijan Republic from October 1993 to October 2003.


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title: Gentryville, Douglas County, Missouri hierarchical section title: Gentryville, Douglas County, Missouri caption reference description: Old Gentryville store at the Route 14 - Route 95 intersection caption attribution description: English: Old store at Gentryville, Missouri, US content: Gentryville is an unincorporated community in Douglas County, Missouri, United States. It is located approximately twenty-one miles southeast of Ava and twenty-two miles south of Mountain Grove at the intersection of Route 14 and Route 95. It consists of a small general store, an automotive repair shop, and a few churches. Gentryville cemetery and church are located about one-quarter mile north on Route 95.
Gentryville is located on a narrow ridge at 1,112 feet elevation between Fox and Brush creeks, both tributaries to Bryant Creek, which is a major tributary to the North Fork River.


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title: Russ Ford section title: Emery Ball hierarchical section title: Russ Ford / Emery Ball caption reference description: Russ Ford pitching caption attribution description: Russell William Ford (1883 – 1960), a baseball pitcher content: Russell William Ford was a Major League Baseball pitcher during the dead-ball era of the early 1900s.


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title: Wake Technical Community College section title: Scott Northern Wake Campus hierarchical section title: Wake Technical Community College / Campuses / Scott Northern Wake Campus caption reference description: Buildings NB and NC (formerly A) respectively, on the Northern Wake Campus caption attribution description: English: See title. content: Wake Technical Community College is a public community college in Raleigh, North Carolina. Its first location, Southern Wake Campus, opened in 1963. Wake Tech now operates multiple campuses throughout Wake County. The largest community college in North Carolina, Wake Tech is part of the North Carolina Community College System and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.


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title: Winter and Pond hierarchical section title: Winter and Pond caption reference description: Tlingit in dancing attire content: Winter and Pond was a photography studio partnership between Lloyd Valentine Winter and Edwin Percy Pond in Alaska. Their work includes scenes of the Klondike Gold Rush, Tlingit, glaciers, vistas, and Juneau. The State of Alaska and Alaska State Libraries have collections of their photographs. The Library of Congress has their panoramic photo of Amalga, Alaska in its collection. Their studio was in business for more than 50 years, and according to the Alaska State Libraries their work provides "a unique reflection of the state in the early 20th century." Pond died in 1943 and Winter passed the business on to Francis Harrison in 1945. Harrison ran Winter & Pond Co. until it closed in 1956.


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title: Botsford, Connecticut hierarchical section title: Botsford, Connecticut caption reference description: Botsford on a rainy afternoon, April 22, 2012 caption attribution description: English: Botsford, Connecticut seen from Botsford Hill Road with a former storefront on the left and the site of the former railway station is where the trees are standing in front of and slightly to the left of the red auto. caption alt text description: Botsford on a rainy afternoon, April 22, 2012 content: Botsford is a village of Newtown in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. The town of Newtown has one political body, but consists of multiple geographic subdivisions. It currently contains a fire department and post office. CT 25 runs along the western part of the village.
Robert Winkler, naturalist and author of Going Wild: Adventures with Birds in the Suburban Wilderness, is a resident.
The Connecticut Green Industries Council, a partner of UConn in the NextGenCT project is headquartered in town. The Council also routinely testifies on agricultural and certain local matters to the Connecticut General Assembly.


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title: Howe truss section title: The Truss hierarchical section title: Howe truss / Bridge Design / The Truss caption reference description: Truss of the Reading-Halls Station Bridge, with cast-iron diagonal elements in compression and narrow wrought-iron vertical ties in tension content: A Howe truss is a truss bridge consisting of chords, verticals, and diagonals whose vertical members are in tension and whose diagonal members are in compression. The Howe truss was invented by William Howe in 1840, and was widely used as a bridge in the mid to late 1800s.

title: Reading-Halls Station Bridge hierarchical section title: Reading-Halls Station Bridge caption reference description: Unusual truss construction, with cast-iron diagonal elements in compression and narrow wrought-iron vertical ties in tension content: Reading-Halls Station Bridge is a historic Howe pony truss railroad bridge located at Muncy Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania. It was built in 1846 by the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad, and is a single-span bridge measuring approximately 70 feet long. It is the oldest bridge of its type still in operation in Pennsylvania.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
It is likely that Richard B. Osborne, chief engineer for the railroad, designed and built the bridge.


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title: List of tombs of antipopes hierarchical section title: List of tombs of antipopes caption reference description: La Trinità della Cava was a prison to several antipopes, including Innocent III.[citation needed] caption attribution description: Badia di Cava de'Tirreni content: An antipope is a historical papal claimant not recognized as legitimate by the Catholic Church. Unlike papal tombs, the tombs of antipopes have generally not been preserved, with a few notable exceptions.
Several tombs of antipopes were desecrated and destroyed, often by their rival claimants, shortly after their creation. For example, Pope Innocent II razed Santa Maria in Trastevere to the ground and was eventually buried over the spot once occupied by the tomb of his rival, Pope Anacletus II. Others survived centuries, only to be destroyed during conflicts such as the French Revolution and the War of the Spanish Succession, a fate common to some non-extant papal tombs. Such was the case with the tomb of Antipope Felix V, who was buried with most of his predecessors as Count of Savoy in Hautecombe Abbey.
Others are obscure because of the damnatio memoriae surrounding the lives of antipopes, or because they were refused burial due to excommunication. Some of those can be presumed to have been buried unceremoniously in the monasteries to which the antipopes were confined after submitting or losing power.

title: La Trinità della Cava hierarchical section title: La Trinità della Cava caption reference description: Cathedral of the Holy Trinity caption attribution description: Badia di Cava de'Tirreni content: La Trinità della Cava, commonly known as Badia di Cava, is a Benedictine territorial abbey located near Cava de' Tirreni, in the province of Salerno, southern Italy. It stands in a gorge of the Finestre Hills.


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title: Iker Casillas section title: 2009 Confederations Cup and 2010 World Cup hierarchical section title: Iker Casillas / International career / 2009 Confederations Cup and 2010 World Cup caption reference description: Casillas with the World Cup trophy during celebrations in Spain, July 2010 caption attribution description: English: Íker Casillas, with Juan Mata and Javi Martínez during the parade hosted in Madrid after the 2010 FIFA World Cup. Photo was taken between Plaza de España and Gran Vía.Español: Íker Casillas, junto a Juan Mata y Javi Martínez durante el desfile celebrado en Madrid para festejar la victoria de la selección española en la Copa Mundial de Fútbol de 2010. Foto tomada entre Plaza de España y Gran Vía. content: Iker Casillas Fernández is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. Popularly dubbed "San Iker" for his ability to produce spectacular saves, Casillas is widely regarded to be one of the greatest goalkeepers of all time, and by some, as the greatest ever. He is known for his athleticism, quick reactions and outstanding shot-stopping ability. Having spent the majority of his career at Real Madrid, Casillas is one of the few players to achieve over 1000 professional career matches, and holds the record for the most clean sheets in the UEFA Champions League, as well as for the Spanish national team.
At club level, Casillas started his career with the Real Madrid youth team, eventually gaining promotion to the main team in 1999, where he became the youngest goalkeeper to play in the final of the Champions League, and to win the title, at 19 years and four days. Casillas became the first choice goalkeeper at Real Madrid, winning two Champions Leagues and La Liga titles in his first three seasons, establishing himself as one of the best goalkeepers in the world.

title: Javi Martínez section title: International career hierarchical section title: Javi Martínez / International career caption reference description: Martínez (furthest right) with Iker Casillas and Juan Mata after winning the 2010 FIFA World Cup caption attribution description: English: Íker Casillas, with Juan Mata and Javi Martínez during the parade hosted in Madrid after the 2010 FIFA World Cup. Photo was taken between Plaza de España and Gran Vía.Español: Íker Casillas, junto a Juan Mata y Javi Martínez durante el desfile celebrado en Madrid para festejar la victoria de la selección española en la Copa Mundial de Fútbol de 2010. Foto tomada entre Plaza de España y Gran Vía. content: Javier "Javi" Martínez Aginaga is a Spanish footballer who plays for German club Bayern Munich as a defensive midfielder or a central defender.
He arrived at Athletic Bilbao in 2006, before his 18th birthday, quickly imposing himself as a starter and going on to appear in 251 official games over the course of six La Liga seasons, scoring 26 goals. In 2012, he signed with Bayern Munich for €40 million, going on to win eight consecutive Bundesliga titles as well as the UEFA Champions League in 2013 and 2020.
A Spain international since 2010, Martínez was a member of the squads that won the 2010 FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro 2012, and also played at the 2014 FIFA World Cup.


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title: Regina, Saskatchewan section title: Demographics hierarchical section title: Regina, Saskatchewan / Demographics caption reference description: First Nations University of Canada is a post-secondary institution that provides First Nations-centred academic programs. In the 2006 census, 8.3 percent of all residents in Regina were aboriginals. caption attribution description: English: Regina, Saskatchewan content: Regina is the capital city of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The city is the second-largest in the province, after Saskatoon and is a commercial centre for southern Saskatchewan. As of the 2016 census, Regina had a city population of 215,106, and a Metropolitan Area population of 236,481. Statistics Canada has estimated the CMA's population to be 261,684 as of 2019. It is governed by Regina City Council. The city is surrounded by the Rural Municipality of Sherwood No. 159.
Regina was previously the seat of government of the North-West Territories, of which the current provinces of Saskatchewan and Alberta originally formed part, and of the District of Assiniboia. The site was previously called Wascana, but was renamed to Regina in 1882 in honour of Queen Victoria. This decision was made by Queen Victoria's daughter Princess Louise, who was the wife of the Governor General of Canada, the Marquess of Lorne.
Unlike other planned cities in the Canadian West, on its treeless flat plain Regina has few topographical features other than the small spring run-off, Wascana Creek.

title: Douglas Cardinal section title: Works hierarchical section title: Douglas Cardinal / Works caption reference description: First Nations University (2003) caption attribution description: English: Regina, Saskatchewan content: Douglas Joseph Cardinal OC FRAIC is an Indigenous Canadian architect based in Ottawa, Ontario. His flowing architecture marked with smooth curvilinear forms is influenced by his Aboriginal heritage as well as European Expressionist architecture. His passion for unconventional forms and appreciation of nature and landscape were present in his life from a very young age, and consequently developed into the unique architectural style he has employed throughout his career. Cardinal is perhaps best known for his designs of the Canadian Museum of History in Gatineau, Quebec and the National Museum of the American Indian in Washington, D.C. He is considered one of Canada's most influential contemporary Indigenous architects.


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title: Greg Norman section title: Early years hierarchical section title: Greg Norman / Early years caption reference description: Norman in 1969 on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. content: Gregory John Norman AO is an Australian professional golfer and entrepreneur who spent 331 weeks as the world's Number 1 Official World Golf Rankings ranked golfer in the 1980s and 1990s. He has won 89 professional tournaments, including 20 PGA Tour tournaments and two majors: The Open Championships in 1986 and 1993. Norman also earned thirty top-10 finishes and was the runner-up 8 times in majors throughout his career. He was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2001 with the highest percentage of votes of any golfer to date. In a reference to his blond hair, size, aggressive golf style and his birthplace's native coastal animal, Norman's nickname is "The Great White Shark", which he earned after his play at the 1981 Masters.
During and after his playing career, Norman engaged in numerous entrepreneurial and philanthropic endeavors. He currently serves as the chairman and CEO of the Greg Norman Company, a global corporation with a portfolio of companies in fields like apparel, interior design, real estate, private equity, golf course design, and more.


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title: Russian Naval Infantry section title: Pacific Fleet hierarchical section title: Russian Naval Infantry / Current deployment / Pacific Fleet caption reference description: Structure of the Pacific Fleet Naval Infantry caption attribution description: English: Pacific Fleet Naval Infantry content: The Russian Naval Infantry, operates as the amphibious force of the Russian Navy. Colloquially, Russian-speakers may refer to Naval Infantrymen using the abbreviation морпехи.
The first Russian naval infantry force formed in 1705, and since that time it has fought in the Napoleonic Wars, the Crimean War, the Russo-Japanese War, the First World War and the Second World War. Under Admiral Gorshkov, the Soviet Navy expanded the reach of the Naval Infantry and deployed it worldwide on numerous occasions.
Since 2009 Lieutenant General Aleksandr Nikolaievich Kolpachenko has commanded the Naval Infantry in his capacity as the Deputy Commander for Coastal Troops/Commandant of the Coastal Troops of the Russian Navy.
The Naval Infantry, alongside the Coastal Defense Missile Artillery Forces, form part of a larger institution—the Coastal Troops of the Russian Navy.


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title: Brooks County, Texas hierarchical section title: Brooks County, Texas caption reference description: Location within the U.S. state of Texas content: Brooks County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2010 census, the population was 7,223. Its county seat is Falfurrias. The county is named for James Abijah Brooks, a Texas Ranger and legislator.
The county faces a range of challenges due to immigration issues. Though it lies about 80 miles north of the border, it is a main route for migrants crossing from Mexico. The open dry terrain and hot summer temperatures cause many immigrants to die annually, leading some to dub the area a "Death Valley" for migrants.

title: National Register of Historic Places listings in Brooks County, Texas hierarchical section title: National Register of Historic Places listings in Brooks County, Texas caption reference description: Location of Brooks County in Texas content: This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Brooks County, Texas.
This is intended to be a complete list of properties listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Brooks County, Texas. There is one property listed on the National Register in the county. This property is also a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark.
This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted November 22, 2019.


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title: Cattaraugus County, New York section title: Communities hierarchical section title: Cattaraugus County, New York / Communities caption reference description: Cattaraugus County divisions caption attribution description: English: Map of Cattaraugus County, NY showing cities, towns, villages and CDPs. Taken from U.S. Census Bureau website and modified by Reelcheeper. content: Cattaraugus County is a county in the western part of the U.S. state of New York, with one side bordering Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 census, the population was 80,317. The county seat is Little Valley. The county was created in 1808 and later organized in 1817.
Cattaraugus County comprises the Olean, NY Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Olean, NY Combined Statistical Area. Within its boundaries are the Allegany Indian Reservation of the Seneca Nation of New York, and the Allegany State Park. The Allegheny River runs through the county.

title: Civil township section title: Northeastern states hierarchical section title: Civil township / Northeastern states caption reference description: Map of Cattaraugus County, New York showing municipal and township organization caption attribution description: English: Map of Cattaraugus County, NY showing cities, towns, villages and CDPs. Taken from U.S. Census Bureau website and modified by Reelcheeper. content: A civil township is a widely used unit of local government in the United States that is subordinate to a county. The term town is used in New England, New York, and Wisconsin to refer to the equivalent of the civil township in these states. Specific responsibilities and the degree of autonomy vary based on each state. Civil townships are distinct from survey townships, but in states that have both, the boundaries often coincide and may completely geographically subdivide a county. The U.S. Census Bureau classifies civil townships as minor civil divisions. Currently, there are 20 states with civil townships.
Township functions are generally overseen by a governing board and a clerk, trustee, or mayor. Township officers frequently include justice of the peace, road commissioner, assessor, constable, and surveyor. In the 20th century, many townships also added a township administrator or supervisor to the officers as an executive for the board. In some cases, townships run local libraries, senior citizen services, youth services, disabled citizen services, emergency assistance, and even cemetery services.


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title: Mary Billings French section title: Early life hierarchical section title: Mary Billings French / Early life caption reference description: View of Pogue Road on the Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller Carriage Road, Woodstock, Windsor County, Vermont content: Mary Montagu Billings French was an American heiress and society figure, as well as YWCA president and board member. She was the daughter of Frederick Billings and inherited the Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller National Historical Park from him before she died. She passed it on to her daughter, Mary French Rockefeller.


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title: 20th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment section title: Service hierarchical section title: 20th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment / Service caption reference description: Monument to the 20th at Antietam content: The 20th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment, the "Turner Rifles", was an infantry regiment of the Union Army during the American Civil War.


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title: National Register of Historic Places listings in Henry County, Virginia section title: Current listings hierarchical section title: National Register of Historic Places listings in Henry County, Virginia / Current listings caption attribution description: English: Front of Edgewood, located at 150 Old Stage Road southeast of Stanleytown in Henry County, Virginia, United States. Built in 1830, the house is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. caption alt text description: Edgewood content: This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Henry County, Virginia.
This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Henry County, Virginia, United States. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in an online map.
There are 18 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.
This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted August 31, 2018.

title: Edgewood (Stanleytown, Virginia) hierarchical section title: Edgewood (Stanleytown, Virginia) caption reference description: Entrance from Old Stage Road caption attribution description: English: Front of Edgewood, located at 150 Old Stage Road southeast of Stanleytown in Henry County, Virginia, United States. Built in 1830, the house is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. content: Edgewood is a historic home located at Stanleytown, Henry County, Virginia. It was built about 1830, and consists of a projecting two-story, three bay, pedimented, Greek-temple-form central mass and two-story flanking wings, in the Greek Revival style. The house features three semi-integral end chimneys, and a one-story front porch.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.


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title: Dumbarton Bridge (Washington, D.C.) section title: Opening hierarchical section title: Dumbarton Bridge (Washington, D.C.) / History / Opening caption reference description: Sculpture from life mask of Kicking Bear by Alexander Phimister Proctor, on Dumbarton Bridge content: The Dumbarton Bridge, also known as the Q Street Bridge and the Buffalo Bridge, is a historic masonry arch bridge in Washington, D.C.
Dumbarton Bridge was built between 1914 and 1915 to convey Q Street Northwest across Rock Creek Park between the city's Dupont Circle and Georgetown neighborhoods.

title: Kicking Bear hierarchical section title: Kicking Bear caption reference description: Sculpture from life mask of Kicking Bear by Alexander Phimister Proctor, on Q Street Bridge, Washington, D.C. content: Kicking Bear was an Oglala Lakota who became a band chief of the Miniconjou Lakota Sioux. He fought in several battles with his brother, Flying Hawk and first cousin, Crazy Horse during the War for the Black Hills, including Battle of the Greasy Grass.
Kicking Bear was one of the five warrior cousins who sacrificed blood and flesh for Crazy Horse at the Last Sun Dance of 1877. The ceremony was held to honor Crazy Horse one year after the victory at the Battle of the Little Bighorn, and to offer prayers for him in the trying times ahead. Crazy Horse attended the Sun Dance as the honored guest but did not take part in the dancing. The five warrior cousins were brothers Kicking Bear, Flying Hawk and Black Fox II, all sons of Chief Black Fox, also known as Great Kicking Bear, and two other cousins, Eagle Thunder and Walking Eagle. The five warrior cousins were braves considered vigorous battle men of distinction.
Kicking Bear was also a holy man active in the Ghost Dance religious movement of 1890, and had traveled with fellow Lakota Short Bull to visit the movement's leader, Wovoka.


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title: Tennessee's 6th congressional district hierarchical section title: Tennessee's 6th congressional district caption reference description: Tennessee's 6th congressional district – since January 3, 2013. content: The 6th congressional district of Tennessee is a congressional district in Middle Tennessee.
It has been represented by Republican John Rose since January 2019.


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title: National Road Network of Costa Rica hierarchical section title: National Road Network of Costa Rica caption reference description: National Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Routes shield examples. content: National Road Network of Costa Rica, are a series of numbered road routes that are managed through Costa Rica by the Ministry of Public Works and Transport and its subagency the National Road Council.
According to the Inter-American Development Bank, in 2019 Costa Rica had the worst road network in Latin America, due to being under maintained, and having structural defects and deterioration in around 49% of the National Primary Routes network. Other countries in the area report an average of 20% in the same metric.
There are no high speed express routes but there are some two-lane trunk roads. Potholes are common in primary road routes. Many of the secondary or tertiary road routes are made of gravel or dirt.


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title: Villapinzón hierarchical section title: Villapinzón caption reference description: Church of Villapinzón caption attribution description: Español: Es el templo San Juan Bautista de Villapinzón en cundinamarca, la foto se tomo desde el parque principal en las horas de la tarde. caption alt text description: Church of Villapinzón content: Villapinzón is a municipality and town of Colombia in the Almeidas Province, part of the department of Cundinamarca. The urban centre is situated at an altitude of 2,715 metres on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense, at a distance of 80 kilometres from the capital Bogotá. Villapinzón borders Ventaquemada and Lenguazaque in the north, Chocontá, Tibiritá and La Capilla in the south, Chocontá and Lenguazaque in the west and Ventaquemada, Turmequé and Úmbita in the east. The municipality is located in the uppermost part of the Bogotá River Basin; the origin of the river is within the municipality Villapinzón at an altitude of 3,400 metres.


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title: Academy of Sciences of the Institute of Bologna hierarchical section title: Academy of Sciences of the Institute of Bologna caption reference description: Seventeenth century engraving of the Institute in the Palazzo Poggi caption attribution description: English: Academy of Sciences of Bologna Institute in the Palazzo Poggi, eighteenth century engraving content: The Academy of Sciences of the Institute of Bologna is an academic society in Bologna, Italy, that was founded in 1690 and prospered in the Age of Enlightenment. Today it is closely associated with the University of Bologna.


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title: Szentgotthárd hierarchical section title: Szentgotthárd caption reference description: City centre with the Rába River caption attribution description: The River Rába (Raab) in Szentgotthárd caption alt text description: City centre with the Rába River content: Szentgotthárd is the westernmost town of Hungary. It is situated on the Rába River near the Austrian border, and is home to much of Hungary's small Slovene ethnic minority.
The town took its name from, and grew up round, the Cistercian Szentgotthárd Abbey, founded here in 1183.
In 1664, it was the site of the Battle of Saint Gotthard, where an Austrian army led by Raimondo Montecuccoli defeated the Ottoman Empire so that the Turks had to agree to the Peace of Vasvár, which held until 1683.
A second Battle of Saint Gotthard in 1705 was a victory for Rákóczi's anti-Habsburg Hungarian rebels.
During World War II, Szentgotthárd was captured by Soviet troops of the 3rd Ukrainian Front on 31 March 1945 in the course of the Vienna Offensive.
The town serves as the cultural centre of the Hungarian Slovenes.


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title: Meirion Jones section title: Career hierarchical section title: Meirion Jones / Career caption reference description: Jones lecturing at QED 2016 about the fake bomb detector ADE 651 that he helped expose. caption attribution description: English: Meirion Jones with ADE 651 (fake bobmb detector) at QED 2016 content: Meirion Jones is a Welsh journalist. He worked for the BBC until 2015. In July 2016 he became Investigations Editor at the Bureau of Investigative Journalism.
Jones has investigated many subjects including the alleged fixing of the US Presidential Election in 2000, toxic waste dumping in Africa, how Britain helped Israel’s nuclear weapons programme, market-rigging by multinationals, bogus bomb detectors, tsunami aid, terror and security, political scandals and financial scams. He also worked with journalist Liz MacKean in late 2011 on a Newsnight investigation into the activities of suspected paedophile Jimmy Savile. Its rejection by their superior, Newsnight editor Peter Rippon, ultimately led to a major scandal.

title: QED (conference) section title: Setup hierarchical section title: QED (conference) / Setup caption reference description: Investigative journalist Meirion Jones at QED 2016 lecturing about the fake bomb detector ADE 651 that he helped expose.[16] caption attribution description: English: Meirion Jones with ADE 651 (fake bobmb detector) at QED 2016 content: QED: Question, Explore, Discover is an annual skeptical conference held in Manchester, England. QED is organised by North West Skeptical Events Ltd, a volunteer-owned non-profit organisation originating from a collaboration between the Merseyside Skeptics Society and the Greater Manchester Skeptics Society.


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title: Gregory Peck on screen, stage and radio section title: Film hierarchical section title: Gregory Peck on screen, stage and radio / Film caption reference description: With Barbara Payton (right) in Only the Valiant (1951) caption attribution description: Gregory Peck & Barbara Payton in Only the Valiant - publicity still (cropped) caption alt text description: A black and white photograph of Peck with Barbara Payton in Only the Valiant. content: Gregory Peck was an American actor who had an extensive career in film, television, radio, and on stage. Peck's breakthrough role was as a Catholic priest who attempts to start a mission in China in the 1944 film The Keys of the Kingdom, for which he received his first nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor. In the same year, he played Count Vronsky in a radio adaptation of Leo Tolstoy's Anna Karenina. He followed this by starring in Alfred Hitchcock's psychological thriller Spellbound with Ingrid Bergman. In the late 1940s, Peck received three more nominations for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his roles as a caring father in The Yearling, a journalist who pretends to be Jewish to write an exposé on American anti-semitism in Gentleman's Agreement, and a brave airman in Twelve O'Clock High.
Peck co-founded the theatre company La Jolla Playhouse in 1947 with Dorothy McGuire and Mel Ferrer. He starred in productions of Angel Street and The Male Animal for the company.


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title: Bentley School hierarchical section title: Bentley School caption reference description: Bentley School caption attribution description: English: Bentley School content: Bentley School is a private college preparatory school in the East Bay. The Bentley School's lower and middle school campus is located in Oakland, California and the upper school campus is located in Lafayette, California.


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title: Lanesborough, Massachusetts hierarchical section title: Lanesborough, Massachusetts caption reference description: Location in Berkshire County and the state of Massachusetts. content: Lanesborough is a town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. It is part of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 3,091 at the 2010 census.