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title: Lists of African Americans section title: Singers and musicians hierarchical section title: Lists of African Americans / Singers and musicians caption reference description: Diana Ross caption attribution description: Nederlands: Aankomst Diana Ross (zangeres) op Schiphol 12 juni 1982 content: This is a list of African Americans, also known as Black Americans or Afro-Americans. African Americans an ethnic group and citizens of the United States who have full or partial ancestry of any black racial groups of Africa; Black and African Americans form the third largest racial and ethnic group in the United States, behind White Americans and Hispanic and Latino Americans. African Americans are descendants of enslaved black people who are from the United States.
To be included in this list, the person must have a Wikipedia article and/or references showing the person is African-American.

title: 1944 in the United States section title: March hierarchical section title: 1944 in the United States / Births / March caption reference description: Diana Ross caption attribution description: Nederlands: Aankomst Diana Ross (zangeres) op Schiphol 12 juni 1982 content: Events from the year 1944 in the United States.

title: 1944 section title: March hierarchical section title: 1944 / Births / March caption reference description: Diana Ross caption attribution description: Nederlands: Aankomst Diana Ross (zangeres) op Schiphol 12 juni 1982 content: 1944 was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1944th year of the Common Era and Anno Domini designations, the 944th year of the 2nd millennium, the 44th year of the 20th century, and the 5th year of the 1940s decade.

title: List of UK top-ten singles in 1971 section title: Entries by artist hierarchical section title: List of UK top-ten singles in 1971 / Entries by artist caption reference description: Diana Ross scored her first solo UK number-one single in August of this year with "I'm Still Waiting", which topped the chart for four weeks. caption attribution description: Nederlands: Aankomst Diana Ross (zangeres) op Schiphol 12 juni 1982 content: The UK Singles Chart is one of many music charts compiled by the Official Charts Company that calculates the best-selling singles of the week in the United Kingdom. Before 2004, the chart was only based on the sales of physical singles. This list shows singles that peaked in the Top 10 of the UK Singles Chart during 1971, as well as singles which peaked in 1970 and 1972 but were in the top 10 in 1971. The entry date is when the single appeared in the top 10 for the first time.
One-hundred and six singles were in the top ten in 1971. Ten singles from 1970 remained in the top 10 for several weeks at the beginning of the year, while "Something Tells Me" by Cilla Black was released in 1971 but did not reach its peak until 1972. "Grandad" by Clive Dunn, "I'll Be There" by The Jackson 5 and "Ride a White Swan" by T. Rex were the singles from 1970 to reach their peak in 1971. Seventeen artists scored multiple entries in the top 10 in 1971. Bay City Rollers, Elton John, The New Seekers, Rod Stewart and Slade were among the many artists who achieved their first UK charting top 10 single in 1971.


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title: Arizona State University section title: Alumni hierarchical section title: Arizona State University / People / Alumni caption reference description: Pat Tillman caption attribution description: Portrait of the fallen Cpl Patrick Tillman, a former Arizona Cardinals linebacker content: Arizona State University is a public metropolitan research university on five campuses across the Phoenix metropolitan area, and four regional learning centers throughout Arizona.
ASU is one of the largest public universities by enrollment in the U.S. As of fall 2019, the university had nearly 90,000 students attending classes across its metro campuses, more than 38,000 students attending online, including 83,000-plus undergraduates and more nearly 20,000 postgraduates. The university is organized into 17 colleges, featuring more than 170 cross-discipline centers and institutes. ASU offers 350 degree options for undergraduates students, as well as more than 400 graduate degree and certificate programs.
ASU has nearly 600 ASU scholar-athletes across 26 varsity-level sports. The Arizona State Sun Devils compete in the Pac-12 Conference and have won 59 Pac-10/Pac-12 championships dating back to 1979, and have captured 24 NCAA championships dating to its first title in 1965. In addition to its athletic program, the university is home to over 1,100 registered student organizations.

title: List of people from San Jose, California section title: Athletes hierarchical section title: List of people from San Jose, California / Athletes caption reference description: Patrick Tillman caption attribution description: Portrait of the fallen Cpl Patrick Tillman, a former Arizona Cardinals linebacker content: This is a list of notable people from San Jose, California. It includes people who were born/raised in, lived in, or spent portions of their lives in San Jose, or for whom San Jose is a significant part of their identity, as well as music groups founded in San Jose. This list is in alphabetical order by surname.

title: Arthur Ashe Courage Award section title: Recipients hierarchical section title: Arthur Ashe Courage Award / Recipients caption attribution description: Portrait of the fallen Cpl Patrick Tillman, a former Arizona Cardinals linebacker caption alt text description: Pat Tillman in 2003 content: The Arthur Ashe Courage Award is presented as part of the ESPY Awards. It is named for the American tennis player Arthur Ashe. Although it is a sport-oriented award, it is not limited to sports-related people or actions, as it is presented annually to individuals whose contributions "transcend sports". According to ESPN, the organization responsible for giving out the award, "recipients reflect the spirit of Arthur Ashe, possessing strength in the face of adversity, courage in the face of peril and the willingness to stand up for their beliefs no matter what the cost". The award has been presented as part of the ESPY Awards ceremony at the Microsoft Theater in Los Angeles since 2008.
The inaugural award, made at the 1993 ESPY Awards, was presented to the American college basketball player, coach, and broadcaster Jim Valvano. In 1993, ESPN partnered with Valvano to create the V Foundation which presents the annual Jimmy V Award to "a deserving member of the sporting world who has overcome great obstacles through perseverance and determination."

title: List of people from Phoenix section title: Athletics hierarchical section title: List of people from Phoenix / Athletics caption reference description: Corporal Patrick Tillman caption attribution description: Portrait of the fallen Cpl Patrick Tillman, a former Arizona Cardinals linebacker content: This is a list of notable past and present residents of the U.S. city of Phoenix, Arizona, and its surrounding metropolitan area. For people whose only connection with the city is attending the nearby Arizona State University, see: List of Arizona State University alumni.

title: Pat Tillman hierarchical section title: Pat Tillman caption reference description: Tillman in 2003, as a specialist caption attribution description: Portrait of the fallen Cpl Patrick Tillman, a former Arizona Cardinals linebacker content: Patrick Daniel Tillman was an American professional football player in the National Football League who left his sports career and enlisted in the United States Army in June 2002 in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks. His service in Iraq and Afghanistan, and subsequent death, were the subject of national attention when he was killed in action as a result of friendly fire.
Tillman joined the Army Rangers and served several tours in combat before he was killed in the mountains of Afghanistan. At first, the Army reported that Tillman had been killed by enemy fire. Controversy ensued when a month later, on May 28, 2004, the Pentagon notified the Tillman family that he had been killed by fire from his own side; the family and other critics allege that the Department of Defense delayed the disclosure for weeks after Tillman's memorial service out of a desire to protect the image of the U.S. military.
Tillman was the first professional football player to be killed in combat since Bob Kalsu, who died in the Vietnam War in 1970. Tillman was posthumously promoted from specialist to corporal. He also received posthumous Silver Star and Purple Heart medals.

title: East–West Shrine Bowl section title: Pat Tillman Award hierarchical section title: East–West Shrine Bowl / Pat Tillman Award caption reference description: Pat Tillman caption attribution description: Portrait of the fallen Cpl Patrick Tillman, a former Arizona Cardinals linebacker content: The East–West Shrine Bowl is a postseason college football all-star game that has been played annually since 1925; through the January 2019 playing, it was known as the East–West Shrine Game. The game is sponsored by the fraternal group Shriners International, and the net proceeds are earmarked to some of the Shrine's charitable works, most notably the Shriners Hospitals for Children. The game's slogan is "Strong Legs Run That Weak Legs May Walk".
Teams consist of players from colleges in the Eastern United States vs. the Western United States. Players must be college seniors who are eligible to play for their schools. The game and the practice sessions leading up to it attract dozens of scouts from professional teams. Since 1985, Canadian players playing in Canadian university football have also been invited. As such, this is the only current bowl or all-star game in either the Canadian or American college football schedules to include players from both Canadian and American universities.
Since 1979, the game has been played in January, and has been played on January 10 or later since 1986.

title: List of people from Arizona section title: Sports hierarchical section title: List of people from Arizona / Sports caption reference description: Pat Tillman caption attribution description: Portrait of the fallen Cpl Patrick Tillman, a former Arizona Cardinals linebacker content: The following are people either born/raised or have lived for a significant period of time in the U.S. state of Arizona and/or the Arizona Territory.


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title: Spanish Air Force hierarchical section title: Spanish Air Force caption reference description: Spanish Air Force wings content: The Spanish Air Force is the aerial branch of the Spanish Armed Forces.


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title: Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau hierarchical section title: Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau caption reference description: Topographic map of East Asia with Yungui Plateau highlighted caption attribution description: English: Topographic map of China with Yungui Plateau highlighted content: The Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau or Yungui Plateau is a highland region located in southwest China. The region is primarily spread over the provinces of Yunnan and Guizhou. In the southwest, the Yungui is a true plateau with relatively flatter highland areas, while in the northeast, the Yungui is a generally mountainous area of rolling hills, gorges, and karst topography.


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title: Plaza Muñoz Rivera section title: History hierarchical section title: Plaza Muñoz Rivera / History caption reference description: North side of Plaza Muñoz Rivera, looking west-northwest towards the intersection of Calle Reina-Isabel and Calle Union, ca. 1950 content: Plaza Muñoz Rivera, formally Plaza Luis Muñoz Rivera, is the smaller of the two plazas at Plaza Las Delicias in the city of Ponce, Puerto Rico. It is located on the north side of Plaza Las Delicias, north of the larger southern Plaza Degetau. The square is notable for its fountains and for the Luis Muñoz Rivera statue. The historic Parque de Bombas and Ponce Cathedral buildings are located immediately to the south of Plaza Muñoz Rivera. The square is at the center of the Ponce Historic Zone, and is flanked by the Armstrong-Poventud Residence to the west, the Teatro Fox Delicias to the north, and Catholic University of Puerto Rico School of Architecture to the east. The square dates back to the early Spanish settlement in Ponce of 1670. It is the main tourist attraction of the city, receiving about a quarter of a million visitors per year.


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title: Lakeside School (Seattle) hierarchical section title: Lakeside School (Seattle) caption reference description: Lakeside School's Upper Campus caption attribution description: English: Lakeside School Upper in Seattle, viewed from Red Square, including Bliss Hall and the chapel content: Lakeside School is a private/independent school located in Seattle, Washington for grades 5–12. Famous alumni include Microsoft founders Bill Gates and Paul Allen. As of 2019, school review website Niche ranks Lakeside School the best private high school in Washington state and the 14th best private high school in the United States.


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title: Flags of provinces of the Philippines section title: List of current provincial flags hierarchical section title: Flags of provinces of the Philippines / List of current provincial flags caption attribution description: English: Provincial Flag of Nueva Vizcaya content: The flags of the provinces of the Philippines are the vexillological devices used by the various provincial-level local government units in the country.

title: Nueva Vizcaya hierarchical section title: Nueva Vizcaya caption attribution description: English: Provincial Flag of Nueva Vizcaya caption alt text description: Flag of Nueva Vizcaya content: Nueva Vizcaya is a province in the Philippines located in the Cagayan Valley region in Luzon. Its capital is Bayombong. It is bordered by Benguet to the west, Ifugao to the north, Isabela to the northeast, Quirino to the east, Aurora to the southeast, Nueva Ecija to the south, and Pangasinan to the southwest. Quirino province was created from Nueva Vizcaya in 1966.


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title: Battle Command Training Center-Leavenworth hierarchical section title: Battle Command Training Center-Leavenworth caption reference description: BCTC-Leavenworth Logo caption attribution description: English: BCTC Logo caption alt text description: BCTC Wiki Logo content: Battle Command Training Center - Leavenworth provides battle command and staff training, training support, and publications to Army National Guard Soldiers and units, at its facility in Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, USA, or via mobile training teams, prior to mobilization to assist them prepare for full-spectrum operations in a joint, interagency, intergovernmental, and multinational environment.
It was founded in 1991 by the National Guard, in close cooperation with the Combined Arms Center, Kansas National Guard, and the 35th Infantry Division, with the purpose of improving Army National Guard division battle command and staff training.
BCTC-Lvn has incrementally improved and expanded since its founding. The BCTC-Lvn is one of three ARNG Battle Command Training Centers within the Battle Command Training Capability Program. The other two centers are located at Camp Dodge, Iowa and Fort Indiantown Gap, Pennsylvania.
BCTC-Lvn is not to be confused with the Mission Command Training Program, also at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. The MCTP, a subordinate organization of CAC, is tasked to provide full-spectrum operations training support for senior commanders and their staffs.


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title: Mao Gong ding hierarchical section title: Mao Gong ding caption reference description: Inscription Rubbing caption attribution description: 中文: 毛公鼎铭文拓本 content: The Mao Gong ding Chinese: 毛公鼎; pinyin: Máo gōng dǐng; lit.: 'Ding of Duke Mao' is a bronze ding tripod vessel from the Western Zhou dynasty, currently at the National Palace Museum in Taipei. The vessel has an inscription of 500 characters arranged in 32 lines, the longest inscription among the ancient Chinese bronze inscriptions. The ding dates from the reign of King Xuan of Zhou, and was presented to him by the Duke Yin of Mao.


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title: Polish Theatre in Bydgoszcz section title: PRL Period hierarchical section title: Polish Theatre in Bydgoszcz / History / PRL Period caption reference description: The theatre in the 1950s caption attribution description: English: View in the 1950s content: The Polish theatre or Polish: Polski Teatr of Bydgoszcz has been established in 1949, at Adam Mickiewicz Alley N°2, in downtown district. It is the outcome of a long and rich tradition of plays and performance in the city.

title: Bydgoszcz Architects (1850-1970s) section title: Alfons Licznerski hierarchical section title: Bydgoszcz Architects (1850-1970s) / Polish Period (1918-1970s) / Alfons Licznerski caption attribution description: English: View in the 1950s content: Bydgoszcz displays an abundant variety of architectures, with styles from neo-gothic, neo-baroque and neoclassicism, to Art Nouveau and modernism; hence its nickname of Little Berlin at the start of the 20th century. The notable granaries on Mill Island and along Brda river also recall a recognized timber-framed characteristics of the city in Poland.
The period stretching from 1850 to the Second Polish Republic witnessed the greatest development of the city. In the mid-19th century, the arrival of the Prussian Eastern Railway contributed greatly to the development of Bromberg. After WWI, with the re-attachment of the town to the new state of Poland, Bydgoszcz underwent anew a growth, while German residents fled.
Most of the constructions of these time, still preserved today, are linked to a number of architects who left a profound mark on the current architectural landscape of the city.


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title: Samaritans section title: Religious beliefs hierarchical section title: Samaritans / Samaritanism / Religious beliefs caption attribution description: Español: Entrada a la sinagoga samaritana en el barrio Nevé Pinjás de la ciudad de Jolón. English: Entrance to the Samaritan synagogue in the Samaritan neiborhood called Neveh Pinhas in the city of Holon. Русский: Вход в самаритянскую синагогу в районе Неве Пинхас города Холон. עברית: שער הכניסה לבית הכנסת השומרוני בשכונת נווה פנחס בעיר חולון I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license: Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License. content: The Samaritans are an ethnoreligious group originating from the Israelites (or Hebrews) of the Ancient Near East.
Ancestrally, Samaritans claim descent from the tribe of Ephraim and tribe of Manasseh (two sons of Joseph) as well as from the Levites, who have links to ancient Samaria (now constituting the majority of the territory known as the West Bank) from the period of their entry into Canaan, while some Orthodox Jews suggest that it was from the beginning of the Babylonian captivity up to the Samaritan polity under the rule of Baba Rabba. Samaritans used to include descendants whose ancestry was ascribed to the Benjamin tribe, but this line became extinct in the 1960s. According to Samaritan tradition, the split between them and the Judean-led Southern Israelites began during the biblical time of the priest Eli when the Southern Israelites split off from the central Israelite tradition, as they perceive it.
In the Talmud, a central post-exilic religious text of Rabbinic Judaism, the Samaritans are called Cuthites or Cutheans (Hebrew: כּוּתִים, Kutim), referring to the ancient city of Kutha, geographically located in what is today Iraq.

title: Holon section title: Samaritan community hierarchical section title: Holon / Samaritan community caption reference description: Holon's Samaritan synagogue caption attribution description: Español: Entrada a la sinagoga samaritana en el barrio Nevé Pinjás de la ciudad de Jolón. English: Entrance to the Samaritan synagogue in the Samaritan neiborhood called Neveh Pinhas in the city of Holon. Русский: Вход в самаритянскую синагогу в районе Неве Пинхас города Холон. עברית: שער הכניסה לבית הכנסת השומרוני בשכונת נווה פנחס בעיר חולון I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license: Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License. content: Holon is a city on the central coastal strip of Israel, south of Tel Aviv. Holon is part of the metropolitan Gush Dan area. In 2019 it had a population of 196,282. Holon has the second-largest industrial zone in Israel, after Haifa.

title: Samaritanism section title: Festivals and observances hierarchical section title: Samaritanism / Festivals and observances caption attribution description: Español: Entrada a la sinagoga samaritana en el barrio Nevé Pinjás de la ciudad de Jolón. English: Entrance to the Samaritan synagogue in the Samaritan neiborhood called Neveh Pinhas in the city of Holon. Русский: Вход в самаритянскую синагогу в районе Неве Пинхас города Холон. עברית: שער הכניסה לבית הכנסת השומרוני בשכונת נווה פנחס בעיר חולון I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license: Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License. content: The Samaritan religion, also known as Samaritanism, is the national religion of the Samaritans. The Samaritans adhere to the Samaritan Torah, which they believe is the original, unchanged Torah, as opposed to the Torah used by Jews. In addition to the Samaritan Torah, Samaritans also revere their version of the Book of Joshua and recognize some Biblical figures, such as Eli.
Samaritanism is internally described as the religion that began with Moses, unchanged over the millennia that have since passed. Samaritans believe Judaism and the Jewish Torah have been corrupted by time and no longer serve the duties God mandated on Mount Sinai. Jews view the Temple Mount as the most sacred location in their faith, but Samaritans regard Mount Gerizim as their holiest site.


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title: Calderwood, Tennessee section title: History hierarchical section title: Calderwood, Tennessee / History caption reference description: Calderwood Baptist Church caption attribution description: English: The ruins of Calderwood Baptist Church, once part of the Calderwood community near Calderwood Dam in Blount County, Tennessee, USA. content: Calderwood was a community once located along the Little Tennessee River in Blount County, Tennessee, United States. Established in 1912 as a base for the Aluminum Company of America's Little Tennessee Valley hydroelectric development operations, the community continued to house construction personnel and dam maintenance personnel for nearby Calderwood Dam until the 1960s. Although the community's houses were razed after its abandonment, three buildings located in the community— the Calderwood Dam service building, the Calderwood School, and a Quonset hut used as a theater— were included in a supplementary listing for Calderwood Dam on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.
Alcoa began developing the Little Tennessee Valley in 1909 to provide the ample amounts of electricity necessary to power its planned aluminum smelting operations in Blount County. Under the leadership of Alcoa engineer Isaac Glidden Calderwood, three dams— Cheoah, Santeetlah, and Calderwood — were completed in a remote section of the valley along the Tennessee-North Carolina border. The community of Calderwood was initially known as "Alcoa," but was renamed in I. G.


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title: Zumbrota, Minnesota section title: Education hierarchical section title: Zumbrota, Minnesota / Education caption reference description: Christ Lutheran School caption attribution description: English: Christ Lutheran School of the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod (WELS) in Zumbrota, MN. content: Zumbrota is a city in Goodhue County, Minnesota, United States, along the North Fork of the Zumbro River. The population was 3,252 at the 2010 census. It promotes itself as "the only Zumbrota in the world."


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title: Rob Pruitt section title: Gradient paintings hierarchical section title: Rob Pruitt / Artwork / Gradient paintings caption reference description: The Andy Monument (2011) caption attribution description: English: The "Andy Monument" at 17th Street and Broadway - NYC's Union Square (West). The almost ten-foot-tall chrome sculpture was created by Rob Pruitt and resides outside the building that housed Warhol's Factory for more than a decade in the 1970s and early 1980s. It was installed on March 30, 2012. Andy Warhol is depicted with his familiar Polaroid camera and a shopping bag - that would have been filled with copies of Interview magazine. Warhol used to stand in the street, signing autographs and giving away copies of his magazine. This shot, taken on May Day, shows Andy sporting a red May Day/General Strike sticker. content: Robert "Rob" Pruitt is an American post-conceptual artist. Working primarily in painting, installation, and sculpture, he does not have a single style or medium. He considers his work to be intensely personal and biographical.
Pruitt has exhibited extensively in New York and internationally; in 2013 the Aspen Art Museum held his mid-career retrospective.


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title: Public housing estates in Tin Shui Wai section title: Tin Chak Estate hierarchical section title: Public housing estates in Tin Shui Wai / Tin Chak Estate caption reference description: Tin Chak Estate caption attribution description: English: Tin Chak Estate in Tin Shui Wai, Hong Kong. content: This is a list of public housing estates in Tin Shui Wai New Town, Hong Kong.


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title: Kyle Schwarber section title: Professional career hierarchical section title: Kyle Schwarber / Professional career caption reference description: Schwarber playing for the Iowa Cubs in 2015 caption attribution description: Kyle Schwarber content: Kyle Joseph Schwarber is an American professional baseball outfielder for the Chicago Cubs of Major League Baseball. He played college baseball for the Indiana Hoosiers. He was drafted by the Cubs in the first round of the 2014 MLB draft, and made his MLB debut on June 16, 2015.


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title: 1520 hierarchical section title: 1520 caption reference description: June: Aztec battles. caption attribution description: English: Aztec sun stone replicaEspañol: Replica de piedra del calendario solar azteca. content: Year 1520 was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.


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title: 2000 United States Senate election in Maine hierarchical section title: 2000 United States Senate election in Maine caption reference description: County Results

Snowe:      60–70%      70–80% content: The 2000 United States Senate election in Maine was held November 7, 2000. Incumbent Republican U.S. Senator Olympia Snowe was re-elected to a second term, defeating Democratic candidate Mark Lawrence.


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title: Religion in the United States section title: 2010 ARDA data hierarchical section title: Religion in the United States / 2010 ARDA data caption reference description: Percentage of state populations that identify with a religion rather than "no religion", 2014   85-90%   80-85%     75-80%    70-75%      65-70%      60-65% content: Religion in the United States is diverse with Christianity being the majority religion, although declining at rapid pace. Various religious faiths have flourished within the United States. Slightly over 50% of Americans report that religion plays a very important role in their lives, a proportion unique among developed countries. Freedom of religion in the United States is guaranteed in the First Amendment to the United States Constitution.
Historically, the United States has always been marked by religious pluralism and diversity, beginning with various native beliefs of the pre-colonial time. In colonial times, Anglicans, Catholics and mainline Protestants, as well as Jews, arrived from Europe. Eastern Orthodoxy has been present since the Russian colonization of Alaska. Various dissenting Protestants, who left the Church of England, greatly diversified the religious landscape. The Great Awakenings gave birth to multiple evangelical Protestant denominations; membership in Methodist and Baptist churches increased drastically in the Second Great Awakening. In the 18th century, deism found support among American upper classes and thinkers.


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title: List of courthouses in the United States section title: Colorado hierarchical section title: List of courthouses in the United States / Colorado caption attribution description: English: The Gilpin Combined Court, located at 2960 Dory Hill Road in Black Hawk, Colorado. The building functions as the courthouse for Gilpin County. content: This is a list of courthouses in the United States. American courthouses are very often significant, as they are public buildings usually built to convey solidity and to command respect. Many have hosted important trials, or are significant for their architecture, and thus many have been designated as historic sites.
This list includes state, county, city, town and other municipalities' courthouses, as well as subsuming U.S. Federal courthouses. There are no known courthouses of international scope located in the U.S.

title: Gilpin County, Colorado hierarchical section title: Gilpin County, Colorado caption reference description: The Gilpin Combined Court, the county courthouse. caption attribution description: English: The Gilpin Combined Court, located at 2960 Dory Hill Road in Black Hawk, Colorado. The building functions as the courthouse for Gilpin County. caption alt text description: The Gilpin Combined Court, the county courthouse. content: Gilpin County is the second-least extensive of the 64 counties of the U.S. state of Colorado, behind only the City and County of Broomfield. As of the 2010 census, the population was 5,441. The county seat is Central City. The county was formed in 1861, while Colorado was still a Territory, and was named after Colonel William Gilpin, the first territorial governor.
Gilpin County is part of the Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area.


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title: Pawłowice, Pszczyna County hierarchical section title: Pawłowice, Pszczyna County caption reference description: Saint John the Baptist Church caption attribution description: Polski: Kościół św. Jana Chrzciciela. Pawłowice, województwo śląskie, Polska. English: Saint John the Baptist church. Pawłowice, Silesian Voivodeship, Poland. This is a photo of a monument in Poland identified by the ID 640794 caption alt text description: Saint John the Baptist Church content: Pawłowice is a large village in Pszczyna County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina called Gmina Pawłowice. It lies approximately 17 kilometres west of Pszczyna and 38 km south-west of the regional capital Katowice.
The village has a population of 9,929 making it the third largest village in Poland.


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title: Taake section title: Controversies hierarchical section title: Taake / Controversies caption reference description: Hoest at Hellfest 2009 caption attribution description: Français : Taake au Hellfest 2009: Hoest. content: Taake is a Norwegian black metal band from Bergen, formed in 1993 and originally named Thule. The band's one continuous member is Hoest, who writes and records most of the music. He has released seven full-length albums and several EPs. The band describes itself as "True Norwegian black metal", and Hoest said that he wants to "awaken national pride and cultural nostalgia in my Norwegian listeners" as well as to remind people "that Hell is right here on Earth and that humans can be demons". All lyrics are in Hoest's native dialect and are printed in Norse runes. "Taake" is the old spelling of the Norwegian word "tåke", meaning "fog".


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title: Maskavas Forštate section title: Higher Education hierarchical section title: Maskavas Forštate / Higher Education caption reference description: Baltic International Academy caption attribution description: Latviešu: Lomonosova iela content: Maskavas Forštate also known as Maskavas priekšpilsēta and colloquially as Maskačka, is a suburb of Riga situated on the right bank of the Daugava. The neighborhood is located to the south of the old city of Riga along the road historically connecting Riga to Moscow, from which its name is derived.


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title: Washington and Lee University School of Law section title: Clinics, journals, moot court, and centers hierarchical section title: Washington and Lee University School of Law / Clinics, journals, moot court, and centers caption reference description: Wilbur C. Hall Law Library caption attribution description: English: Law Library at Washington & Lee University caption alt text description: Wilbur C. Hall Law Library content: The Washington and Lee University School of Law is a private American Bar Association-accredited law school located in Lexington in the Shenandoah Valley region of Virginia. Facilities are on the historic campus of Washington and Lee University in Sydney Lewis Hall. W&L Law has a total enrollment of approximately 365 students in the Juris Doctor program and a 6-to-1 student to faculty ratio.


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title: List of awards and nominations received by Hugh Jackman section title: Other accolades hierarchical section title: List of awards and nominations received by Hugh Jackman / Other accolades caption reference description: Jackman's signature at Grauman's Chinese Theatre caption attribution description: English: Hugh Jackman's signature at Grauman's Chinese Theatre content: Australian actor Hugh Jackman has won international recognition for his roles in major films, notably as superhero, period, and romance characters. Jackman is a multiple Primetime Emmy Award, Grammy Award, and Tony Award winner. Jackman was nominated for the Oscar for Best Actor for his work in Tom Hooper's Les Miserables.


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title: Comptometer hierarchical section title: Comptometer caption reference description: Prototype of the first all-electronic desktop calculator marketed by Sumlock Comptometer Ltd of the UK caption attribution description: The prototype ANITA electronic calculator of 1958, with some of the covers removed to reveal components inside, on display in the Science Museum, London, United Kingdom. The mirror mounted behind the calculator allows the rear circuit board to be seen, with its vacuum tubes (grey) and capacitors (yellow). This is a "full-keyboard" machine, similar to the mechanical "Comptometer" calculators of the time. Each decade of the display has a column of keys from 1 to 9 (0 is the default). The full-keyboard is very fast in operation since a trained operator could use the fingers of both hands to enter a complete number in one move. The calculator logic was designed to cope with this. If you want to see this machine in the Science Museum you are advised to contact the museum beforehand to confirm that it is still on display. Scanned from a negative taken by myself. content: The comptometer was the first commercially successful key-driven mechanical calculator, patented in the United States by Dorr E. Felt in 1887.
A key-driven calculator is extremely fast because each key adds or subtracts its value to the accumulator as soon as it is pressed and a skilled operator can enter all of the digits of a number simultaneously, using as many fingers as required, making them sometimes faster to use than electronic calculators. Consequently, in specialized applications, comptometers remained in use in limited numbers into the early 1990s, but with the exception of museum pieces, they have all now been superseded by electronic calculators and computers.
Manufactured without interruption from 1887 to the mid-1970s, it was constantly improved. The mechanical versions were made faster and more reliable, then a line of electro-mechanical models was added in the 1930s. It was the first mechanical calculator to receive an all-electronic calculator engine in 1961, with the ANITA Mark VII model released by Sumlock Comptometer. This created the link between the mechanical calculator industries and the electronic.

title: Sumlock ANITA calculator section title: History of ANITA calculators hierarchical section title: Sumlock ANITA calculator / History of ANITA calculators caption reference description: The prototype ANITA electronic calculator of 1958, with some of the covers removed, on display in the Science Museum, London. caption attribution description: The prototype ANITA electronic calculator of 1958, with some of the covers removed to reveal components inside, on display in the Science Museum, London, United Kingdom. The mirror mounted behind the calculator allows the rear circuit board to be seen, with its vacuum tubes (grey) and capacitors (yellow). This is a "full-keyboard" machine, similar to the mechanical "Comptometer" calculators of the time. Each decade of the display has a column of keys from 1 to 9 (0 is the default). The full-keyboard is very fast in operation since a trained operator could use the fingers of both hands to enter a complete number in one move. The calculator logic was designed to cope with this. If you want to see this machine in the Science Museum you are advised to contact the museum beforehand to confirm that it is still on display. Scanned from a negative taken by myself. content: The ANITA Mark VII and ANITA Mark VIII calculators were launched simultaneously in late 1961 as the world's first all-electronic desktop calculators. Designed and built by the Bell Punch Co. in Britain, and marketed through its Sumlock Comptometer division, they used vacuum tubes and cold-cathode switching tubes in their logic circuits and nixie tubes for their numerical displays.
They were the first of a series of desktop and hand-held electronic calculators that the company was to develop and sell under the ANITA name into the mid-1970s.


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title: Joyson Safety Systems section title: Takata acquisition hierarchical section title: Joyson Safety Systems / History / Takata acquisition caption reference description: Former Takata location in Berlin, Germany caption attribution description: English: Joyson Safety Systems development and testing facility, Berlin content: Joyson Safety Systems, formerly known as Key Safety Systems is an American company that develops and manufactures automotive safety systems. The company is a result of KSS purchasing troubled Japanese airbag company Takata Corporation. It is owned jointly by Joyson group and PAG capital. The company headquarters is in Auburn Hills, Michigan, United States. Globally, the company has 50,000 employees who work in 32 plants and technical centers worldwide. The current JSS Executive Director and President is Guido Durrer.
JSS is owned by Ningbo Joyson Electronic, described as a "Chinese automotive conglomerate" that acquired Key Safety Systems in 2016 for $920 million. The combined sales of both companies are more than $3 billion. Ningbo Joyson Electronic competed against other large companies in the industry including Autoliv to acquire KSS.


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title: Victoria, British Columbia section title: Visible minorities and Indigenous population hierarchical section title: Victoria, British Columbia / Demographics / Ethnic origins / Visible minorities and Indigenous population caption reference description: Wawadit'la, a Kwakwaka'wakw "big house", with a totem pole in Thunderbird Park. Indigenous made up 5.9 percent of Victoria's population in 2011, although this number dropped to 4.6% as of the 2016 census. caption attribution description: English: Wawadit'la, also known as Mungo Martin House, a Kwakwaka'wakw "big house", with heraldic pole. Built by Chief Mungo Martin in 1953. Located at Thunderbird Park in Victoria, British Columbia. (Description taken from here) Français : Wawadit'la, ou la maison de Mungo Martin, une "Grande maison" des Kwakwaka'wakw, avec ses totems. Monuments construits par le chef sculpteur Mungo Martin assisté de David Martin et Mildred Hunt en 1953 à Thunderbierd park, Victoria, en Colombie Britannique. content: Victoria is the capital city of the Canadian province of British Columbia, located on the southern tip of Vancouver Island off Canada's Pacific coast. The city has a population of 85,792, and the Greater Victoria Area has a population of 367,770. Victoria is the 7th most densely populated city in Canada with 4,405.8 people per square kilometre.
Victoria is the southernmost major city in Western Canada, and is about 100 km from British Columbia's largest city of Vancouver on the mainland. The city is about 100 km from Seattle by airplane, ferry, or the Victoria Clipper passenger-only ferry which operates daily, year round between Seattle and Victoria, and 40 km from Port Angeles, Washington, by ferry Coho across the Strait of Juan de Fuca.
Named for Queen Victoria, the city is one of the oldest in the Pacific Northwest, with British settlement beginning in 1843. The city has retained a large number of its historic buildings, in particular its two most famous landmarks, Parliament Buildings and the Empress hotel. The city's Chinatown is the second oldest in North America after San Francisco's.

title: Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast section title: Potlatch hierarchical section title: Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast / Society and culture / Potlatch caption reference description: The Kwakwakaʼwakw continue the practice of potlatch. Illustrated here is Wawadit'la in Thunderbird Park, Victoria, (aka Mungo Martin House) a Kwakwaka'wakw "big house" built by Chief Mungo Martin in 1953.  Very wealthy and prominent hosts would have a plankhouse specifically for potlatching and for housing guests. caption attribution description: English: Wawadit'la, also known as Mungo Martin House, a Kwakwaka'wakw "big house", with heraldic pole. Built by Chief Mungo Martin in 1953. Located at Thunderbird Park in Victoria, British Columbia. (Description taken from here) Français : Wawadit'la, ou la maison de Mungo Martin, une "Grande maison" des Kwakwaka'wakw, avec ses totems. Monuments construits par le chef sculpteur Mungo Martin assisté de David Martin et Mildred Hunt en 1953 à Thunderbierd park, Victoria, en Colombie Britannique. content: The Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast are composed of many nations and tribal affiliations, each with distinctive cultural and political identities, but they share certain beIiefs, traditions and practices, such as the centrality of salmon as a resource and spiritual symbol, and many cultivation and subsistence practices. The term Northwest Coast or North West Coast is used in anthropology to refer to the groups of Indigenous people residing along the coast of what is now called British Columbia, Washington state, parts of Alaska, Oregon, and Northern California. The term Pacific Northwest is largely used in the American context.
At one point the region had the highest population density of a region inhabited by Indigenous peoples in Canada.

title: Potlatch hierarchical section title: Potlatch caption reference description: The Kwakwaka'wakw continue the practice of potlatch. Illustrated here is Wawadit'la in Thunderbird Park, Victoria, BC, a big house built by Chief Mungo Martin in 1953. Wealthy, prominent hosts would have a longhouse specifically for potlatching and for housing guests. caption attribution description: English: Wawadit'la, also known as Mungo Martin House, a Kwakwaka'wakw "big house", with heraldic pole. Built by Chief Mungo Martin in 1953. Located at Thunderbird Park in Victoria, British Columbia. (Description taken from here) Français : Wawadit'la, ou la maison de Mungo Martin, une "Grande maison" des Kwakwaka'wakw, avec ses totems. Monuments construits par le chef sculpteur Mungo Martin assisté de David Martin et Mildred Hunt en 1953 à Thunderbierd park, Victoria, en Colombie Britannique. content: A potlatch is a gift-giving feast practiced by Indigenous Peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast of Canada and the United States, among whom it is traditionally the primary governmental institution, legislative body, and economic system. This includes the Heiltsuk, Haida, Nuxalk, Tlingit, Makah, Tsimshian, Nuu-chah-nulth, Kwakwaka'wakw, and Coast Salish cultures. Potlatches are also a common feature of the peoples of the Interior and of the Subarctic adjoining the Northwest Coast, although mostly without the elaborate ritual and gift-giving economy of the coastal peoples.
A potlatch involves giving away or destroying wealth or valuable items in order to demonstrate a leader's wealth and power. Potlatches are also focused on the reaffirmation of family, clan, and international connections, and the human connection with the supernatural world. Legal proceedings may include namings, business negotiations and transactions, marriages, divorces, deaths, end of mourning, transfers of physical and especially intellectual property, adoptions, initiations, treaty proceedings, monument commemorations, and honouring of the ancestors.

title: Mungo Martin section title: Professional life hierarchical section title: Mungo Martin / Professional life caption reference description: Wawadit'la, also known as Mungo Martin House, a Kwakwaka'wakw "big house", with heraldic pole. Built by Chief Mungo Martin in 1953. Located at Thunderbird Park in Victoria, British Columbia."Thunderbird Park – A Place of Cultural Sharing". Royal British Columbia Museum. Retrieved 2006-06-24. caption attribution description: English: Wawadit'la, also known as Mungo Martin House, a Kwakwaka'wakw "big house", with heraldic pole. Built by Chief Mungo Martin in 1953. Located at Thunderbird Park in Victoria, British Columbia. (Description taken from here) Français : Wawadit'la, ou la maison de Mungo Martin, une "Grande maison" des Kwakwaka'wakw, avec ses totems. Monuments construits par le chef sculpteur Mungo Martin assisté de David Martin et Mildred Hunt en 1953 à Thunderbierd park, Victoria, en Colombie Britannique. content: Chief Mungo Martin or Nakapenkem, Datsa, was an important figure in Northwest Coast style art, specifically that of the Kwakwaka'wakw Aboriginal people who live in the area of British Columbia and Vancouver Island. He was a major contributor to Kwakwaka'wakw art, especially in the realm of wood sculpture and painting. He was also known as a singer and songwriter.

title: Thunderbird Park (Victoria, British Columbia) hierarchical section title: Thunderbird Park (Victoria, British Columbia) caption reference description: Thunderbird Park caption attribution description: English: Wawadit'la, also known as Mungo Martin House, a Kwakwaka'wakw "big house", with heraldic pole. Built by Chief Mungo Martin in 1953. Located at Thunderbird Park in Victoria, British Columbia. (Description taken from here) Français : Wawadit'la, ou la maison de Mungo Martin, une "Grande maison" des Kwakwaka'wakw, avec ses totems. Monuments construits par le chef sculpteur Mungo Martin assisté de David Martin et Mildred Hunt en 1953 à Thunderbierd park, Victoria, en Colombie Britannique. content: Thunderbird Park is a park in Victoria, British Columbia next to the Royal British Columbia Museum. The park is home to many totem poles and other First Nation monuments. The park takes its name from the mythological Thunderbird of Indigenous North American cultures which is depicted on many totem poles.
Also in the park are St. Anne's Schoolhouse, Helmcken House, and Mungo Martin House, a traditional Kwakwaka'wakw "big house" built in 1953 by Kwakwaka'wakw Chief Mungo Martin. The park is part of the Royal BC Museum Cultural Precinct, an area around the museum that contains a number of historical sites and monuments.

title: Kwakwakaʼwakw section title: Name hierarchical section title: Kwakwakaʼwakw / Name caption reference description: Wawaditʼla, also known as Mungo Martin House, a Kwakwa̱ka̱ʼwakw "big house", with totem pole. Built by Chief Mungo Martin in 1953. Located at Thunderbird Park in Victoria, British Columbia.[7] caption attribution description: English: Wawadit'la, also known as Mungo Martin House, a Kwakwaka'wakw "big house", with heraldic pole. Built by Chief Mungo Martin in 1953. Located at Thunderbird Park in Victoria, British Columbia. (Description taken from here) Français : Wawadit'la, ou la maison de Mungo Martin, une "Grande maison" des Kwakwaka'wakw, avec ses totems. Monuments construits par le chef sculpteur Mungo Martin assisté de David Martin et Mildred Hunt en 1953 à Thunderbierd park, Victoria, en Colombie Britannique. content: The Kwakwa̱ka̱ʼwakw, also known as the Kwakiutl are Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast. Their current population, according to a 2016 census, is 3,665. Most live in their traditional territory on northern Vancouver Island, nearby smaller islands including the Discovery Islands, and the adjacent British Columbia mainland. Some also live outside their homelands in urban areas such as Victoria and Vancouver. They are politically organized into 13 band governments.
Their language, now spoken by only 3.1% of the population, consists of four dialects of what is commonly referred to as Kwakʼwala. These dialects are Kwak̓wala, ʼNak̓wala, G̱uc̓ala and T̓łat̓łasik̓wala.

title: Kwakwakaʼwakw art section title: Totem and house poles hierarchical section title: Kwakwakaʼwakw art / Crafts / Totem and house poles caption reference description: Painted house by Mungo Martin, with surrounding totem poles. caption attribution description: English: Wawadit'la, also known as Mungo Martin House, a Kwakwaka'wakw "big house", with heraldic pole. Built by Chief Mungo Martin in 1953. Located at Thunderbird Park in Victoria, British Columbia. (Description taken from here) Français : Wawadit'la, ou la maison de Mungo Martin, une "Grande maison" des Kwakwaka'wakw, avec ses totems. Monuments construits par le chef sculpteur Mungo Martin assisté de David Martin et Mildred Hunt en 1953 à Thunderbierd park, Victoria, en Colombie Britannique. content: Kwakwaka'wakw art describes the art of the Kwakwaka'wakw peoples of British Columbia. It encompasses a wide variety of woodcarving, sculpture, painting, weaving and dance. Kwakwaka'wakw arts are exemplified in totem poles, masks, wooden carvings, jewelry and woven blankets. Visual arts are defined by simplicity, realism, and artistic emphasis. Dances are observed in the many rituals and ceremonies in Kwakwaka'wakw culture. Much of what is known about Kwakwaka'wakw art comes from oral history, archeological finds in the 19th century, inherited objects, and devoted artists educated in Kwakwaka'wakw traditions.

title: Index of articles related to Indigenous Canadians section title: I hierarchical section title: Index of articles related to Indigenous Canadians / I caption attribution description: English: Wawadit'la, also known as Mungo Martin House, a Kwakwaka'wakw "big house", with heraldic pole. Built by Chief Mungo Martin in 1953. Located at Thunderbird Park in Victoria, British Columbia. (Description taken from here) Français : Wawadit'la, ou la maison de Mungo Martin, une "Grande maison" des Kwakwaka'wakw, avec ses totems. Monuments construits par le chef sculpteur Mungo Martin assisté de David Martin et Mildred Hunt en 1953 à Thunderbierd park, Victoria, en Colombie Britannique. content: The following is an alphabetical list of topics related to Indigenous peoples in Canada, comprising the First Nations, Inuit and Métis peoples.


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title: Oil dispersants section title: History hierarchical section title: Oil dispersants / History caption reference description: U.S. Air Force C-130 plane releases dispersants over the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. caption attribution description: English: A C-130 Hercules from the Air Force Reserve Command's 910th Airlift Wing at Youngstown-Warren Air Reserve Station, Ohio, drops an oil-dispersing chemical into the Gulf of Mexico May 5, 2010, as part of the Deepwater Horizon Response effort. The 910th AW specializes in aerial spray and is the Department of Defense's only large-area, fixed-wing aerial spray unit. caption alt text description: Plane spraying dispersants over an oil spill content: An oil dispersant is a mixture of emulsifiers and solvents that helps break oil into small droplets following an oil spill. Small droplets are easier to disperse throughout a water volume, and small droplets may be more readily biodegraded by microbes in the water. Dispersant use involves a trade-off between exposing coastal life to surface oil and exposing aquatic life to dispersed oil. While submerging the oil with dispersant may lessen exposure to marine life on the surface, it increases exposure for animals dwelling underwater, who may be harmed by toxicity of both dispersed oil and dispersant. Although dispersant reduces the amount of oil that lands ashore, it may allow faster, deeper penetration of oil into coastal terrain, where it is not easily biodegraded.

title: Lockheed C-130 Hercules section title: Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill hierarchical section title: Lockheed C-130 Hercules / Operational history / Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill caption reference description: A U.S. Air Force C-130 Hercules aircraft from the 910th Airlift Wing, Youngstown-Warren Air Reserve Station, Ohio, drops oil-dispersing chemicals into the Gulf of Mexico, 9 May 2010. caption attribution description: English: A C-130 Hercules from the Air Force Reserve Command's 910th Airlift Wing at Youngstown-Warren Air Reserve Station, Ohio, drops an oil-dispersing chemical into the Gulf of Mexico May 5, 2010, as part of the Deepwater Horizon Response effort. The 910th AW specializes in aerial spray and is the Department of Defense's only large-area, fixed-wing aerial spray unit. content: The Lockheed C-130 Hercules is an American four-engine turboprop military transport aircraft designed and built originally by Lockheed. Capable of using unprepared runways for takeoffs and landings, the C-130 was originally designed as a troop, medevac, and cargo transport aircraft. The versatile airframe has found uses in a variety of other roles, including as a gunship, for airborne assault, search and rescue, scientific research support, weather reconnaissance, aerial refueling, maritime patrol, and aerial firefighting. It is now the main tactical airlifter for many military forces worldwide. More than 40 variants of the Hercules, including civilian versions marketed as the Lockheed L-100, operate in more than 60 nations.
The C-130 entered service with the U.S. in 1956, followed by Australia and many other nations. During its years of service, the Hercules family has participated in numerous military, civilian and humanitarian aid operations. In 2007, the C-130 became the fifth aircraft to mark 50 years of continuous service with its original primary customer, which for the C-130 is the United States Air Force.

title: Corexit hierarchical section title: Corexit caption reference description: A U.S. Air Force Reserve plane sprays Corexit over the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. caption attribution description: English: A C-130 Hercules from the Air Force Reserve Command's 910th Airlift Wing at Youngstown-Warren Air Reserve Station, Ohio, drops an oil-dispersing chemical into the Gulf of Mexico May 5, 2010, as part of the Deepwater Horizon Response effort. The 910th AW specializes in aerial spray and is the Department of Defense's only large-area, fixed-wing aerial spray unit. content: Corexit is a product line of oil dispersants used during oil spill response operations. It is produced by Nalco Holding Company, an indirect subsidiary of Ecolab. Corexit was originally developed by the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey. Corexit is typically applied by aerial spraying or spraying from ships directly onto an oil slick. On contact with the dispersant, oil that would otherwise float on the surface of the water is emulsified into tiny droplets and sinks or remains suspended in the water. In theory this allows the oil to be more rapidly degraded by bacteria and prevents it from accumulating on beaches and in marshes.
Corexit was used in unprecedented quantities during the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico and became the largest use of such chemicals in the United States. In addition to spraying the dispersant onto the surface slick, it was used in an untested, off-label manner when BP injected it at the broken well-head, roughly 5,000 feet below the surface. Researchers continue to examine the effects and effectiveness of Corexit. Studies have so far indicated that the dispersant is toxic to marine life.

title: Oil spill section title: Cleanup and recovery hierarchical section title: Oil spill / Cleanup and recovery caption reference description: A U.S. Air Force Reserve plane sprays Corexit dispersant over the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. caption attribution description: English: A C-130 Hercules from the Air Force Reserve Command's 910th Airlift Wing at Youngstown-Warren Air Reserve Station, Ohio, drops an oil-dispersing chemical into the Gulf of Mexico May 5, 2010, as part of the Deepwater Horizon Response effort. The 910th AW specializes in aerial spray and is the Department of Defense's only large-area, fixed-wing aerial spray unit. content: An oil spill is the release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment, especially the marine ecosystem, due to human activity, and is a form of pollution. The term is usually given to marine oil spills, where oil is released into the ocean or coastal waters, but spills may also occur on land. Oil spills may be due to releases of crude oil from tankers, offshore platforms, drilling rigs and wells, as well as spills of refined petroleum products and their by-products, heavier fuels used by large ships such as bunker fuel, or the spill of any oily refuse or waste oil.
Oil spills penetrate into the structure of the plumage of birds and the fur of mammals, reducing its insulating ability, and making them more vulnerable to temperature fluctuations and much less buoyant in the water. Cleanup and recovery from an oil spill is difficult and depends upon many factors, including the type of oil spilled, the temperature of the water, and the types of shorelines and beaches involved. Spills may take weeks, months or even years to clean up.
Oil spills can have disastrous consequences for society; economically, environmentally, and socially.

title: 757th Airlift Squadron hierarchical section title: 757th Airlift Squadron caption reference description: A squadron C-130 Hercules drops an oil-dispersing chemical into the Gulf of Mexico as part of the Deepwater Horizon response effort. caption attribution description: English: A C-130 Hercules from the Air Force Reserve Command's 910th Airlift Wing at Youngstown-Warren Air Reserve Station, Ohio, drops an oil-dispersing chemical into the Gulf of Mexico May 5, 2010, as part of the Deepwater Horizon Response effort. The 910th AW specializes in aerial spray and is the Department of Defense's only large-area, fixed-wing aerial spray unit. content: The 757th Airlift Squadron is an Air Force reserve unit, part of the 910th Airlift Wing stationed at Youngstown Air Reserve Station, Ohio. It flies C-130H Hercules aircraft on airlift and aerial spray missions.
The squadron was first activated in 1943 as the 757th Bombardment Squadron. It flew Consolidated B-24 Liberators in the Mediterranean Theater of Operations, primarily on strategic bombing missions, but also flew air support and interdiction missions, earning a Distinguished Unit Citation for attacking an aircraft plant in Austria despite heavy flak and fighter opposition. It was inactivated following V-J Day, but was reactivated in the reserve from 1947 through 1949, flying various trainer aircraft but was inactivated before becoming operational.
The squadron was again activated in the reserve in 1955 as the 757th Troop Carrier Squadron and trained as an airlift squadron with Curtiss C-46 Commando and Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar aircraft until 1970, and returned to the airlift mission in 1991. From 1970 until 1991, it served as a forward air control and tactical fighter unit.

title: Deepwater Horizon oil spill response section title: Choice and composition of Corexit hierarchical section title: Deepwater Horizon oil spill response / Dispersal / Choice and composition of Corexit caption reference description: A C-130 Hercules sprays Corexit dispersant onto the Gulf of Mexico caption attribution description: English: A C-130 Hercules from the Air Force Reserve Command's 910th Airlift Wing at Youngstown-Warren Air Reserve Station, Ohio, drops an oil-dispersing chemical into the Gulf of Mexico May 5, 2010, as part of the Deepwater Horizon Response effort. The 910th AW specializes in aerial spray and is the Department of Defense's only large-area, fixed-wing aerial spray unit. caption alt text description: A large four propeller airplane sprays Corexit onto oil-sheen water content: The Deepwater Horizon oil spill occurred between April 10 and September 19, 2010 in the Gulf of Mexico. A variety of techniques were used to address fundamental strategies for addressing the spilled oil, which were: to contain oil on the surface, dispersal, and removal. While most of the oil drilled off Louisiana is a lighter crude, the leaking oil was of a heavier blend which contained asphalt-like substances. According to Ed Overton, who heads a federal chemical hazard assessment team for oil spills, this type of oil emulsifies well. Once it becomes emulsified, it no longer evaporates as quickly as regular oil, does not rinse off as easily, cannot be broken down by microbes as easily, and does not burn as well. "That type of mixture essentially removes all the best oil clean-up weapons", Overton said.
On May 6, 2010, BP began documenting the daily response efforts on its web site. On 28 April, the US military joined the cleanup operation. The response increased in scale as the spill volume grew. Initially, BP employed remotely operated underwater vehicles, 700 workers, 4 airplanes, and 32 vessels.

title: Deepwater Horizon oil spill section title: Use of Corexit dispersant hierarchical section title: Deepwater Horizon oil spill / Containment, collection and use of dispersants / Use of Corexit dispersant caption reference description: A C-130 Hercules sprays Corexit dispersant onto the Gulf of Mexico caption attribution description: English: A C-130 Hercules from the Air Force Reserve Command's 910th Airlift Wing at Youngstown-Warren Air Reserve Station, Ohio, drops an oil-dispersing chemical into the Gulf of Mexico May 5, 2010, as part of the Deepwater Horizon Response effort. The 910th AW specializes in aerial spray and is the Department of Defense's only large-area, fixed-wing aerial spray unit. caption alt text description: A large four propeller airplane sprays Corexit onto oil-sheen water content: The Deepwater Horizon oil spill was an industrial disaster that began on April 20, 2010, in the Gulf of Mexico on the BP-operated Macondo Prospect, considered to be the largest marine oil spill in the history of the petroleum industry and estimated to be 8 percent to 31 percent larger in volume than the previous largest, the Ixtoc I oil spill, also in the Gulf of Mexico. The U.S. federal government estimated the total discharge at 4.9 million barrels. After several failed efforts to contain the flow, the well was declared sealed on September 19, 2010. Reports in early 2012 indicated that the well site was still leaking. The Deepwater Horizon oil spill is regarded as one of the largest environmental disasters in American history.
A massive response ensued to protect beaches, wetlands and estuaries from the spreading oil utilizing skimmer ships, floating booms, controlled burns and 1.84 million US gallons of oil dispersant. Due to the months-long spill, along with adverse effects from the response and cleanup activities, extensive damage to marine and wildlife habitats and fishing and tourism industries was reported.


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title: Sant'Ippolito hierarchical section title: Sant'Ippolito caption reference description: Sant'Ippolito within the Province of Pesaro e Urbino content: Sant'Ippolito is a comune in the Province of Pesaro e Urbino in the Italian region Marche, located about 50 kilometres west of Ancona and about 25 kilometres south of Pesaro.


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title: Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute section title: Facilities hierarchical section title: Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute / Organisation / Facilities caption reference description: Monument to the Shuliavka Republic caption attribution description: Українська: Пам'ятний знак на честь Шулявської республіки, Київ, Перемоги просп., 37 This is a photo of a monument in Ukraine, number: 80-389-0026 content: The National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" is a major university in Kiev, Ukraine. In January 2012 Webometrics Ranking KPI made it into top 1,000 – taking 957th place out of 20,300 universities, 510th.


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title: Meaux hierarchical section title: Meaux caption reference description: Façade of the Meaux city hall (built in 1900) caption attribution description: English: Meaux (Seine and Marne, France): Town Hall Español: Meaux (Sena y Marne, Francia): Ayuntamiento. caption alt text description: Façade of the Meaux city hall (built in 1900) content: Meaux is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in the metropolitan area of Paris, France. It is 41.1 km east-northeast of the center of Paris.
Meaux is a subprefecture of the Seine-et-Marne department. In France a subprefecture is the chef-lieu of an arrondissement: Meaux is the subprefecture of the arrondissement of Meaux. It is also the chef-lieu of a smaller administrative division: the canton of Meaux. Finally, since its creation in 2003, Meaux has been the centre and the main town of an agglomeration community, the Communauté d'agglomération du Pays de Meaux.


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title: Tarrazú (canton) section title: History hierarchical section title: Tarrazú (canton) / History caption reference description: San Marcos Roman Catholic church, Costa Rica caption attribution description: English: jorge umana, content: Tarrazú is the 5th canton in the province of San José in Costa Rica. The canton covers an area of 297.50 square kilometres, and has a population of 17,233. The capital city of the canton is San Marcos. It is part of Los Santos Zone, together with Dota and León Cortés Castro.
The Río Pirrís establishes much of the northern boundary of the three-pronged canton, which reaches south across the Coastal Mountain Range to its border with the canton of Aguirre in Puntarenas Province.

title: San Marcos, Costa Rica section title: History hierarchical section title: San Marcos, Costa Rica / History caption reference description: San Marcos de Tarrazu Roman Catholic church, Costa Rica caption attribution description: English: jorge umana, content: San Marcos or San Marcos de Tarrazú is the capital city of the canton of Tarrazú in the province of San José in Costa Rica. It is also the name of the distrito that includes the city. The district of San Marcos covers an area of 42.07 km², and has a population of 8,817.
The city lies at an elevation of 1,429 meters above sea level in a mountainous area known as Los Santos Zone, 70 kilometers south of the national capital city of San José.


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title: Olive Rush hierarchical section title: Olive Rush caption reference description: Olive Rush, from a 1912 publication. caption attribution description: English: Olive Rush, from a 1912 publication. content: Olive Rush was a painter, illustrator, muralist, and an important pioneer in Native American art education.
Today her paintings are held in a number of private collections and museums, including the Haan Mansion Museum of Indiana Art.


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title: 309th Aerospace Maintenance and Regeneration Group section title: History hierarchical section title: 309th Aerospace Maintenance and Regeneration Group / History caption reference description: McDonnell F-4C-20-MC Phantom II AF Serial No. 63-7602 of the 4455th CCTS/4453d Combat Crew Training Wing, 16 July 1970. Aircraft was scrapped at Hill AFB, UT November 1986 caption attribution description: English: F-4C of the 4453d Combat crew Training Wing, Davis Monthan AFB, AZ content: The 309th Aerospace Maintenance and Regeneration Group, often called The Boneyard, is a United States Air Force aircraft and missile storage and maintenance facility in Tucson, Arizona, located on Davis–Monthan Air Force Base. The 309th AMARG was previously Aerospace Maintenance and Regeneration Center, and the Military Aircraft Storage and Disposition Center, and its predecessor was established after World War II as the 3040th Aircraft Storage Group.
The 309th AMARG takes care of nearly 4,000 aircraft, which makes it the largest aircraft storage and preservation facility in the world. An Air Force Materiel Command unit, the group is under the command of the Ogden Air Logistics Complex at Hill Air Force Base, Utah. The 309th AMARG was originally meant to store excess Department of Defense and Coast Guard aircraft, but has in recent years been designated the sole repository of out-of-service aircraft from all branches of the US government. The arid climate of the region makes the 309th AMARG an ideal location for storing aircraft, as there is very little humidity in the air that would corrode metal.


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title: Purico complex section title: Climate and vegetation hierarchical section title: Purico complex / Climate and vegetation caption reference description: Penitentes on Purico caption attribution description: English: These bizarre snow and ice formations, called "penitentes", form in high-altitude regions such as the Chajnantor plain, close to where the ALMA array will be located. These are ice blades produced by the competition between sublimation and melting of the snow. At Chajnantor at the summer solstice, the Sun is close to the zenith at noon, and penitents are vertical. This image was taken in December 2005. content: The Purico complex is a Pleistocene volcanic complex in Chile close to Bolivia, formed by an ignimbrite, several lava domes and stratovolcanoes and one maar. It is one of the Chilean volcanoes of the Andes, and more specifically the Chilean segment of the Central Volcanic Zone, one of the four volcanic belts which make up the Andean Volcanic Belt. The Central Volcanic Zone spans Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Argentina and includes 44 active volcanoes as well as the Altiplano-Puna volcanic complex, a system of large calderas and ignimbrites of which Purico is a member of. Licancabur to the north, La Pacana southeast and Guayaques to the east are separate volcanic systems.
The Purico complex consists of a shield shaped volcanic structure consisting of the Purico ignimbrite and a number of secondary volcanoes that are emplaced on this volcanic shield. During the ice ages, the shield was in part covered by glaciers which have left moraines. Purico is the source of the Purico ignimbrite, a moderately large ignimbrite with a volume of about 80–100 cubic kilometres. After the emplacement of the Purico ignimbrite, a number of lava domes and stratovolcanoes developed on the ignimbrite shield.


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title: Spring Lake, Utah hierarchical section title: Spring Lake, Utah caption reference description: Location in Utah County and the state of Utah content: Spring Lake is a census-designated place in southern Utah County, Utah, United States. It is part of the Provo–Orem Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 458 at the 2010 census. It is an unincorporated part of Utah County, located just south of Payson and north of Santaquin.


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title: Bogor Botanical Gardens section title: Soedjana Kassan Garden hierarchical section title: Bogor Botanical Gardens / Features and layout / Soedjana Kassan Garden caption reference description: The Fountain at The Center of Sudjana Kassan Garden at Bogor Botanical Garden. caption attribution description: English: The Fountain at The Center of Sudjana Kassan Garden at Bogor Botanical Garden. Bahasa Indonesia: Air mancur di tengah Taman Sudjana Kassan di Kebun Raya Bogor. content: The Bogor Botanical Gardens is a botanical garden located in Bogor, Indonesia, 60 km south of central Jakarta. It is currently operated by Indonesian Institute of Sciences. The Garden is located in the city center and adjoin the presidential palace compound of Istana Bogor. It covers an area of 87 hectares and contains 13,983 different kinds of trees and plants of various origin. The geographic position of Bogor means it rains almost daily, even in the dry season. This makes the Garden an advantageous location for the cultivation of tropical plants.
Founded in 1817 by the order of the government of the Dutch East Indies, the Garden thrived under the leadership of many renowned botanists including Johannes Elias Teijsmann, Rudolph Herman Christiaan Carel Scheffer, and Melchior Treub. Since its foundation, Bogor Botanical garden has served as a major research center for agriculture and horticulture. It is the oldest botanical garden in Southeast Asia.

title: List of World Heritage Sites in Indonesia section title: Tentative list hierarchical section title: List of World Heritage Sites in Indonesia / Tentative list caption attribution description: English: The Fountain at The Center of Sudjana Kassan Garden at Bogor Botanical Garden. Bahasa Indonesia: Air mancur di tengah Taman Sudjana Kassan di Kebun Raya Bogor. caption alt text description: Bogor Botanical Gardens content: The UNESCO has designated nine World Heritage Sites in Indonesia.
Selection is based on ten criteria: six for cultural heritage and four for natural heritage. Some sites, designated "mixed sites," represent both cultural and natural heritage. In Indonesia, there are 5 cultural, 4 natural, and no mixed sites.
The World Heritage Committee may also specify that a site is endangered, citing "conditions which threaten the very characteristics for which a property was inscribed on the World Heritage List." Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra. A number of organizations have been pushing the Ministry of Culture to nominate more sites for UNESCO inclusion since 2015. Neighbors Philippines, Singapore, and India have been supportive of Indonesia's nominations in UNESCO, along with other ASEAN peers.


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title: Dyserth hierarchical section title: Dyserth caption reference description: Dyserth Waterfall in the late 19th century content: Dyserth is a village, community and electoral ward in Denbighshire, Wales. Its population at the 2011 United Kingdom census was 2,269. It lies within the historic county boundaries of Flintshire. Its main features are extensive quarrying remains, waterfalls and a mountain. Its railway line, formerly part of the London and North Western Railway, closed in 1930 and is now footpath.


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title: List of Montana Grizzlies football seasons hierarchical section title: List of Montana Grizzlies football seasons caption reference description: Washington–Grizzly Stadium, where the Grizzlies have played since 1986. caption attribution description: English: Grizzly Stadium, University of Montana, Missoula - View from Mount Sentinel. content: This is a list of seasons completed by the Montana Grizzlies football team of the National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Football Championship Subdivision. Since the team's creation in 1893, the Grizzlies have participated in more than 1,100 officially sanctioned games.


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title: Tourism in Punjab, Pakistan hierarchical section title: Tourism in Punjab, Pakistan caption reference description: Lahore Fort in Punjab caption attribution description: English: Shahi Qila, Baadshahi Qila, Lahore Fort content: Punjab is the largest province in population and the second largest province in physical size in Pakistan. In 2017, 1.75 million tourists visited Pakistan according to the World Travel and Tourism Council.
It is known for its ancient cultural heritage as well as its religious diversity. The lands of Punjab have been home to a number of religions and civilisations. The Indus Valley Civilization once ruled the region and a significant archaeological find was discovered at the ancient city of Harrapa. The Gandhara civilisation was also quite dominant in the northern region of Punjab at the site of Taxila. Several other civilisations such as Greeks, Central Asians, and Persians ruled Punjab leaving a number of sites which still exist today. The arrival of Islam came about during the rule of the Umayyad Caliphate followed by the Ghaznavids. The Mughals took control of the region later and ruled its land for several centuries. The mughal heritage remained quite strong in Punjab with a large number of forts, tombs and monuments still intact today.

title: History of Lahore section title: Mughal Empire hierarchical section title: History of Lahore / Mughal Empire caption reference description: The Alamgiri Gate is the main entrance to the Lahore Fort built during the reign of Aurangzeb. caption attribution description: English: Shahi Qila, Baadshahi Qila, Lahore Fort content: The recorded history of Lahore, the second largest city-district of Pakistan, covers thousands of years. Originally the capital and largest city of the Punjab region, it has since its creation changed hands from Jain, Hindu, Buddhist, Greek, Muslim, Mughal, Afghan, Sikh and the British, thereby becoming the cultural capital and the heart of modern-day Pakistan.

title: Culture of Pakistan section title: Architecture hierarchical section title: Culture of Pakistan / Visual arts / Architecture caption reference description: The Lahore Fort, a landmark built during the Mughal era, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site caption attribution description: English: Shahi Qila, Baadshahi Qila, Lahore Fort content: Culture of Pakistan is intertwined with the culture of the broader Indian subcontinent and Central Asia. Comprises numerous ethnic groups: the Punjabis, Saraikis, Pothwaris, Kashmiris, Sindhis, Muhajirs, Makrani in the south; Baloch, Hazaras and Pashtuns in the west; and the Dards, Wakhi, Baltis, Shinaki and Burusho communities in the north. The culture of these Pakistani ethnic groups have been greatly influenced by many of its neighbours, such as the other South Asian, Iranic, Turkic as well as the peoples of Central Asia and West Asia.
The region has formed a distinct unit within the main geographical complex of Indian subcontinent, the Middle East and Central Asia from the earliest times, and is analogous to the intermediary position of Afghanistan. There are differences among the ethnic groups in cultural aspects such as dress, food, and religion, especially where pre-Islamic customs differ from Islamic practices. Their cultural origins also reveal influences from far afield and indigenous, including ancient India and Central Asia.

title: Punjab, Pakistan section title: Tourism hierarchical section title: Punjab, Pakistan / Tourism caption reference description: The Lahore Fort, a landmark built during the Mughal era, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site caption attribution description: English: Shahi Qila, Baadshahi Qila, Lahore Fort content: Punjab is Pakistan's most populous province, with a population of about 110,012,442 as of 2017. Forming the bulk of the transnational Punjab region, it is bordered by the Pakistani provinces of Sindh, Balochistan, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the enclave of Islamabad, and Azad Kashmir. It also shares borders with the Indian states of Punjab, Rajasthan, and the Indian-administered territory of Jammu and Kashmir. The capital is Lahore, a cultural, historical, economic and cosmopolitan centre of Pakistan where the country's cinema industry, and much of its fashion industry, are based. Punjab is also the world's fifth-most populous subnational entity, and the most populous outside China or India.
Punjab has been inhabited since ancient times. The Indus Valley Civilization, dating to 2600 BCE, was first discovered at Harappa. Punjab features heavily in the Hindu epic poem, the Mahabharata, and is home to Taxila, site of what is considered by many to be the oldest university in the world. In 326 BCE, Alexander the Great defeated King Porus at the Battle of the Hydaspes near Mong, Punjab. The Umayyad empire conquered Punjab in the 8th century CE.

title: Fort Road, Lahore hierarchical section title: Fort Road, Lahore caption reference description: Lahore Fort. caption attribution description: English: Shahi Qila, Baadshahi Qila, Lahore Fort content: Fort Road, Lahore is a road in the Old Walled City of Lahore, Pakistan. It is one of Lahore's most famous and historically significant roads.
It is so named because it flanks the Lahore Fort on its southern and eastern sides.
Fort Road is a popular tourist destination in Lahore with some of Lahore's most important historical buildings, restaurants and antique shops situated on it. Famous landmarks on Fort Road include the world's fifth largest mosque, the Badshahi Mosque, the Lahore Fort, Coco's Den and Andaaz Restaurant. Fort Road Food Street is also located on this road.
The De Montmorency College of Dentistry and Lady Willingdon Hospital are also situated on Fort Road.

title: Mughal period in Lahore hierarchical section title: Mughal period in Lahore caption reference description: The Alamgiri Gate is the main entrance to the Lahore Fort built during the reign of Aurangzeb. caption attribution description: English: Shahi Qila, Baadshahi Qila, Lahore Fort content: From 1524 to 1752, Lahore was part of the Mughal Empire. Lahore touched the zenith of its glory during the Mughal rule from 1524 to 1752. The Mughals, who were famous as builders, gave Lahore some of its finest architectural monuments, many of which are extant today.
From 1524 to 1752, Lahore was part of the Mughal Empire. Lahore grew under emperor Babur; from 1584 to 1598, under the emperors Akbar the Great and Jahangir, the city served as the empire's capital. Lahore reached the peak of its architectural glory during the rule of the Mughals, many of whose buildings and gardens have survived the ravages of time. Lahore's reputation for beauty fascinated the English poet John Milton, who wrote "Agra and Lahore, the Seat of the Great Mughal" in 1670. During this time, the massive Lahore Fort was built. A few buildings within the fort were added by Akbar's son, Mughal emperor Jahangir, who is buried in the city. Jahangir's son, Shahjahan Burki, was born in Lahore. He, like his father, extended the Lahore Fort and built many other structures in the city, including the Shalimar Gardens.

title: Tourism in Pakistan hierarchical section title: Tourism in Pakistan caption reference description: Alamgiri Gate at Lahore Fort, Punjab caption attribution description: English: Shahi Qila, Baadshahi Qila, Lahore Fort content: Tourism in Pakistan is a growing industry. In 2010, Lonely Planet termed Pakistan as being "...tourism's ‘next big thing’ for more years than we care to remember. The country is geographically and ethnically diverse, and has a number of historical and cultural heritage sites. The upsurge in tourism in the past few years has been aided by the Government of Pakistan's recent decision to end mandatory No Objection Certificates for foreign tourists seeking to visit certain parts of the country. and opening up
Pakistan was ranked The Best Holiday Destination for 2020 and Pakistan was also declared the third highest Potential adventure destination in the world for 2020. As security in the country improves, tourism in Pakistan increases. In just a couple of years, tourism in Pakistan has increased by more than 300%!. Pakistan also launched online visa services for 175 countries and 50 countries were offered Visa on arrival, which made a tourism trip to Pakistan easier. Pakistan also received an influx of travel vloggers who showed the beauty of the country, especially the northern areas like Hunza and Skardu


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title: Hannah Mary Bouvier Peterson section title: Writing hierarchical section title: Hannah Mary Bouvier Peterson / Writing caption reference description: "Where is Musca?", Familiar astronomy caption attribution description: English: figure of constellation and Question "Where is Musca" from page 237 of Hannah Bouvier's familiar astronomy 1857 edition content: Hannah Mary Bouvier Peterson was an American author of books on science, astronomy and cookery. Most of her works were published anonymously or under her maiden name. Bouvier's Familiar Astronomy "for the use of schools, families and private students", went through multiple editions in the United States and England and was highly acclaimed. Familiar Science, originally credited to her husband, was also popular and adopted in schools. Cookbooks such as The National Cook Book and The Young Wife's Cook Book were widely reprinted. Her books share a common focus on writing for an American audience.


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title: Waldorf Astoria New York section title: Leaders and businesspeople hierarchical section title: Waldorf Astoria New York / Notable residents and tenants / Leaders and businesspeople caption reference description: The Khrushchev family at the Waldorf Astoria in 1959 caption attribution description: Photo of Nelson Rockefeller (then the Governor of New York) calling on Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev and his family, who were visiting the United States. The Khrushchevs were staying at the Waldorf-Astoria in New York. From left-Mrs. Khrushchev (Nina), the Soviet Ambassador to the US, Mikhail Manishikov, Nelson Rockefeller, Premier Khrushchev, Rada Khrushchev (daughter) and Sergei Khrushchev (son). content: The Waldorf Astoria New York is a luxury hotel in Midtown Manhattan in New York City. The structure, at 301 Park Avenue between 49th and 50th streets, is a 47-story 625 ft Art Deco landmark designed by architects Schultze and Weaver, which was completed in 1931. The building was the world's tallest hotel from 1931 until 1963, when it was surpassed by Moscow's Hotel Ukraina by 23 feet. An icon of glamour and luxury, the current Waldorf Astoria is one of the world's most prestigious and best known hotels. Waldorf Astoria Hotels and Resorts is a division of Hilton Hotels, and a portfolio of high-end properties around the world now operate under the name, including in New York City. Both the exterior and the interior of the Waldorf Astoria are designated by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission as official landmarks.
The original Waldorf–Astoria was built in two stages, as the Waldorf Hotel and the Astoria Hotel, which accounts for its dual name. That original site was situated on Astor family properties along Fifth Avenue, opened in 1893, and designed by Henry J. Hardenbergh. It was demolished in 1929 to make way for the construction of the Empire State Building.

title: Nikita Khrushchev section title: Liberalization and the arts hierarchical section title: Nikita Khrushchev / Leader (1953–1964) / Domestic policies / Liberalization and the arts caption reference description: Khrushchev, his wife, his son Sergei (far right) and his daughter Rada during their trip to USA in 1959 caption attribution description: Photo of Nelson Rockefeller (then the Governor of New York) calling on Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev and his family, who were visiting the United States. The Khrushchevs were staying at the Waldorf-Astoria in New York. From left-Mrs. Khrushchev (Nina), the Soviet Ambassador to the US, Mikhail Manishikov, Nelson Rockefeller, Premier Khrushchev, Rada Khrushchev (daughter) and Sergei Khrushchev (son). content: Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev was a Soviet politician who led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War as the first secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964 and as chairman of the Council of Ministers from 1958 to 1964. Khrushchev was responsible for the de-Stalinization of the Soviet Union, for backing the progress of the early Soviet space program, and for several relatively liberal reforms in areas of domestic policy. Khrushchev's party colleagues removed him from power in 1964, replacing him with Leonid Brezhnev as First Secretary and Alexei Kosygin as Premier.
Khrushchev was born in 1894 in the village of Kalinovka, in western Russia, close to the present-day border between Russia and Ukraine. He was employed as a metal worker during his youth, and he was a political commissar during the Russian Civil War. With the help of Lazar Kaganovich, he worked his way up the Soviet hierarchy. He supported Joseph Stalin's purges, and approved thousands of arrests. In 1938, Stalin sent him to govern the Ukrainian SSR, and he continued the purges there.


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title: Hofburg section title: Images hierarchical section title: Hofburg / Images caption attribution description: Deutsch: Fassade Hofburg zum Michaelerplatz, Herakles und die Hydra, 2009 content: The Hofburg is the former principal imperial palace of the Habsburg dynasty rulers and today serves as the official residence and workplace of the President of Austria. It is located in the center of Vienna and was built in the 13th century and expanded several times afterwards. It also served as the imperial winter residence, as Schönbrunn Palace was the summer residence.
Since 1279 the Hofburg area has been the documented seat of government.
The Hofburg has been expanded over the centuries to include various residences, the imperial chapel, the imperial library, the treasury, the Burgtheater, the Spanish Riding School, the imperial mews.
The palace faces the Heldenplatz ordered under the reign of Emperor Franz Joseph I, as part of what was planned to become the Kaiserforum but which was never completed.
Numerous architects have executed work at the Hofburg as it expanded, notably the Italian architect-engineer Filiberto Luchese, Lodovico Burnacini and Martino and Domenico Carlone, the Baroque architects Lukas von Hildebrandt and Joseph Emanuel Fischer von Erlach, Johann Fischer von Erlach, and the architects of the Neue Burg built between 1881 and 1913.


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title: List of memorials to John F. Kennedy section title: Other hierarchical section title: List of memorials to John F. Kennedy / Other caption reference description: John F. Kennedy memorial issue of 1964 caption attribution description: English: John_F_Kennedy_1964_Issue-5c.jpg content: This is a list of memorials to John F. Kennedy, 35th President of the United States, 1917 – 1963.

title: Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps section title: John F. Kennedy hierarchical section title: Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps / John F. Kennedy caption reference description: Issue of 1964 caption attribution description: English: John_F_Kennedy_1964_Issue-5c.jpg content: Presidents of the United States have frequently appeared on U.S. postage stamps since the mid-1800s. The United States Post Office Department released its first two postage stamps in 1847, featuring George Washington on one, and Benjamin Franklin on the other. The advent of presidents on postage stamps has been definitive to U.S. postage stamp design since the first issues were released and set the precedent that U.S. stamp designs would follow for many generations.
The paper postage stamp itself was born of utility, as something simple and easy to use was needed to confirm that postage had been paid for an item of mail. People could purchase several stamps at one time and no longer had to make a special trip to pay for postage each time an item was mailed. The postage stamp design was usually printed from a fine engraving and were almost impossible to forge adequately. This is where the appearance of presidents on stamps was introduced. Moreover, the subject theme of a president, along with the honors associated with it, is what began to define the stamp issues in ways that took it beyond the physical postage stamp itself and is why people began to collect them.


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title: James W. Bagley hierarchical section title: James W. Bagley caption reference description: Bagley, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers topographic engineer, and commander of the 29th Engineer Regiment content: Major James Warren Bagley was an American aerial photographer, topographic engineer and inventor.


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title: Beata Poźniak hierarchical section title: Beata Poźniak caption reference description: Beata Poźniak in 2013 content: Beata Poźniak is a Polish award-winning actress, film director, published poet, painter and an Earphones Award-winning narrator. She is also a human rights activist who introduced the first bill in the history of US Congress to officially recognize International Women's Day in the United States.


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title: Screamin' Jay Hawkins section title: Later career hierarchical section title: Screamin' Jay Hawkins / Career / Later career caption reference description: Hawkins in 1984. content: Jalacy "Screamin' Jay" Hawkins was an American singer-songwriter, musician, actor, film producer, and boxer. Famed chiefly for his powerful, operatic vocal delivery and wildly theatrical performances of songs such as "I Put a Spell on You", he sometimes used macabre props onstage, making him an early pioneer of shock rock.


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title: Fort Adams hierarchical section title: Fort Adams caption reference description: Plan of Third System Fort Adams content: Fort Adams is a former United States Army post in Newport, Rhode Island that was established on July 4, 1799 as a First System coastal fortification, named for President John Adams who was in office at the time. Its first commander was Captain John Henry who was later instrumental in starting the War of 1812. The current Fort Adams was built 1824–57 under the Third System of coastal forts; it is part of Fort Adams State Park today.