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title: Bushong, Kansas hierarchical section title: Bushong, Kansas caption reference description: Old Store and Garage in Bushong (2009) caption attribution description: English: Two buildings in Bushong, Kansas. The building in the foreground is an old store and the other building is an old garage. caption alt text description: Old Store and Garage in Bushong (2009) content: Bushong is a city in Lyon County, Kansas, United States. In 2010, 34 people lived there.

title: Bushong, Kansas hierarchical section title: Bushong, Kansas caption reference description: Old Store and Garage in Bushong (2009) caption attribution description: English: Two buildings in Bushong, Kansas. The building in the foreground is an old store and the other building is an old garage. caption alt text description: Old Store and Garage in Bushong (2009) content: Bushong is a city in Lyon County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 34.


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title: Mordovia section title: Politics hierarchical section title: Mordovia / Politics caption reference description: Seat of the Government, completed in 1986. caption attribution description: Русский: Дом Республики на Советской площади Саранска. Народное название — «Белый дом». Построен в 1986 году трестом "Саранскжилстрой" по проекту Центрального НИИ экспериментального проектирования зрелищных зданий и спортивных сооружений имени Б. С. Мезенцева. Первоначально предназначался для размещения в нём обкома КПСС и обкома ВЛКСМ. Форма здания символизирует развевающееся знамя, и вначале планировалось выполнить отделку из красного гранита, а не из белого известняка content: The Republic of Mordovia is a federal subject of Russia. Its capital is the city of Saransk. As of the 2010 Census, the population of the republic was 834,755. Ethnic Russians and Mordvins account for the majority of the population.


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title: Mary Dreier hierarchical section title: Mary Dreier caption reference description: Mary E. Dreier, from a 1917 publication content: Mary Dreier was a New York social reformer.


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title: Trams in Brisbane section title: Standard Ten Bench Cars hierarchical section title: Trams in Brisbane / Types of trams / Electric trams / New-built electric trams / Standard Ten Bench Cars caption reference description: Ten-bench tram in Waterworks Road Ashgrove caption attribution description: English: Tramdrivers and passengers in a Valley Junction tram at Ashgrove in 1923, on the corner of the Glenlyon Gardens housing estate. The agent's sign (T. M. Burke) is prominent against a background of trees. content: The Brisbane tramway network served the city of Brisbane, Australia, between 1885 and 1969. It ran on standard gauge track. The electric system was originally energised to 500 volts, and subsequently increased to 600 volts. All tramcars built in Brisbane up to 1938 had an open design. This proved so popular, especially on hot summer nights, that the trams were used as fundraisers and often chartered right up until the last service by social groups.
Most trams operated with a two-person crew – a driver and a conductor, who moved about the tram collecting fares and issuing tickets. The exceptions to this arrangement were on the Gardens line where the short duration of the trip meant it was more effective for passengers to simply drop their fare into a fare box as they entered the tram; and the "one man cars" which operated in the early 1930s.
The peak year for patronage was in 1944–45 when almost 160 million passengers were carried. The system route length reached its maximum extent of 109 kilometres in 1952. The total track length was 199 kilometres, owing to many routes ending in single, rather than double, track.

title: Ashgrove, Queensland section title: History hierarchical section title: Ashgrove, Queensland / History caption reference description: Tramdrivers and passengers in a Valley Junction tram at Ashgrove in 1923, on the corner of the Glenlyon Gardens housing estate. caption attribution description: English: Tramdrivers and passengers in a Valley Junction tram at Ashgrove in 1923, on the corner of the Glenlyon Gardens housing estate. The agent's sign (T. M. Burke) is prominent against a background of trees. content: Ashgrove is a suburb in the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. In the 2016 census, Ashgrove had a population of 13,039 people.


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title: Independent Albania hierarchical section title: Independent Albania caption reference description: Map of the boundaries and controlled areas of Albania after its declaration of Independence. caption attribution description: English: Map portraying the boundaries and controlled areas of Albania after its declaration of Independence. caption alt text description: Map of the boundaries and controlled areas of Albania after its declaration of Independence. content: Independent Albania was a parliamentary state declared in Vlorë on 28 November 1912. Its assembly was constituted on the same day while its government and senate were established on 4 December 1912.
The delegation of Albania submitted a memorandum to the London Conference of 1913 requesting international recognition of independent Albania. At the beginning of the conference it was decided that the region of Albania would be under Ottoman suzerainty but with an autonomous government. The requests by the delegation for recognition based on the ethnic rights of Albanians were rejected and the treaty signed on 30 May 1913 partitioned a major part of the claimed lands between Serbia, Greece and Montenegro, leaving as independent territory only a central region, which was put under the protection of the Great Powers. The ambassadors of six Great Powers met again on 29 July 1913 and decided to constitute a new state, the Principality of Albania, as a constitutional monarchy. Finally, with the Treaty of Bucharest being signed in August 1913, this new independent state was established, leaving about 30–40% of the ethnic Albanian population outside its borders.


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title: Bianca e Fernando section title: Roles hierarchical section title: Bianca e Fernando / Roles caption reference description: Baritone
Antonio Tamburini caption attribution description: English: Antonio Tamburini content: Bianca e Fernando is an opera in two acts by Vincenzo Bellini.
The original version of this opera was presented as Bianca e Gernando and was set to a libretto by Domenico Gilardoni, based on Bianca e Fernando alla tomba di Carlo IV, duca di Agrigento, a play by Carlo Roti which is set in Sicily. In 1826, use of the name Fernando in the title was forbidden because Ferdinando was the name of the heir to the throne, and no form of it could be used on a royal stage.
The 1826 work—Bellini's first professionally staged opera—had its first performance at the Teatro di San Carlo in Naples on 30 May 1826. Its success resulted in the offer to the young composer from Domenico Barbaja, the Intendente at the San Carlo and also part of the management of La Scala opera house in Milan, of a commission to write a new opera for La Scala.
The revival of Bianca e Gernando, with the title reverting to the original one proposed for the opera, came about after the success of Il pirata in Milan in October 1827. A commission came from Genoa in early 1828, too late for Bellini to write anything new.

title: I puritani section title: Roles hierarchical section title: I puritani / Roles caption reference description: Antonio Tamburini sang Riccardo – Lithography by Josef Kriehuber caption attribution description: English: Antonio Tamburini content: I puritani is an opera by Vincenzo Bellini. It was originally written in two acts and later changed to three acts on the advice of Gioachino Rossini, with whom the young composer had become friends. The music was set to a libretto by Count Carlo Pepoli, an Italian émigré poet whom Bellini had met at a salon run by the exile Princess Belgiojoso, which became a meeting place for many Italian revolutionaries.
The subject was Têtes Rondes et Cavaliers, a historical play written by Jacques-François Ancelot and Joseph Xavier Saintine, which some sources state was based on Walter Scott's 1816 novel Old Mortality, while others state that there is no connection.
When Bellini arrived in Paris in mid-August 1833, he had intended to stay only about three weeks, the main aim being to continue the negotiations with the Paris Opéra which had begun on his way to London a few months earlier. However, these negotiations came to nothing, but by October he had decided to spend the winter in that city, especially as both Il pirata and I Capuleti e i Montecchi were to be given by the Théâtre-Italien that season.

title: Fausta (opera) section title: Roles hierarchical section title: Fausta (opera) / Roles caption reference description: Antonio Tamburini caption attribution description: English: Antonio Tamburini content: Fausta is a melodramma, or opera seria, in two acts by Gaetano Donizetti. The Italian libretto was partly written by Domenico Gilardoni, who died while doing so: the remainder was written by Donizetti. The literary source of the opera's libretto is Crispo, a tragedy improvised by Tommaso Sgricci on 3 November 1827.
The opera successfully debuted on 12 January 1832 at the Teatro di San Carlo in Naples, and was written with prima donna Giuseppina Ronzi de Begnis in mind. De Begnis was rumored to be the King's mistress.
Although the libretto had irked the chief censor, the production went ahead, supposedly because of De Begnis' influence in high places. Donizetti wrote this opera for the birthday of King Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies. Walter Scott was present at the premiere and it has been suggested that the King introduced him to the composer; Scott thought that Fausta was “without any remarkable music.” The opera marked the beginning of an important and fruitful collaboration with Ronzi de Begnis. Only 18 days separate the premiere of Bellini's Norma at La Scala and Donizetti's new opera – both set in ancient Rome and her Empire.

title: Antonio Tamburini hierarchical section title: Antonio Tamburini caption reference description: Antonio Tamburini caption attribution description: English: Antonio Tamburini content: Antonio Tamburini was an Italian operatic baritone.

title: La straniera section title: Performance history hierarchical section title: La straniera / Performance history caption reference description: Baritone
Antonio Tamburini,
sang Valdeburgo caption attribution description: English: Antonio Tamburini content: La straniera is an opera in two acts with music by Vincenzo Bellini to an Italian libretto by Felice Romani, based on the novel L'Étrangère by Charles-Victor Prévot, vicomte d'Arlincourt, although writer Herbert Weinstock also adds that it is "more likely [based on] a dramatization of [that novel] in Italian by Giovan Carlo, barone di Cosenza" since he then quotes a letter from Bellini to his friend Francesco Florimo in which he says that Romani "certainly will not follow the play" [suggesting then that they were aware of its existence.]
The opera was composed in the autumn of 1828 and premiered on 14 February 1829 at the Teatro alla Scala in Milan.

title: Marino Faliero (opera) section title: Roles hierarchical section title: Marino Faliero (opera) / Roles caption reference description: Antonio Tamburini, the first Israele caption attribution description: English: Antonio Tamburini content: Marino Faliero is a tragedia lirica, or tragic opera, in three acts by Gaetano Donizetti. Giovanni Emanuele Bidera wrote the Italian libretto, with revisions by Agostino Ruffini, after Casimir Delavigne's play. It is inspired by Lord Byron's drama Marino Faliero and based on the life of Marino Faliero, the Venetian Doge.
Rossini had influenced the management of the Théâtre-Italien to commission works by the outstanding Italian composers of the day—Donizetti and Vincenzo Bellini. Both wrote operas for that house in Paris, Bellini's contribution being the hugely-successful I puritani. Donizetti's opera, which premiered on 12 March 1835 was not nearly as much of a success. However, it marked Donizetti's first opera to have its premiere in Paris.


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title: Lorenz van Steenwinckel hierarchical section title: Lorenz van Steenwinckel caption reference description: Trinity Church, Kristianstad caption attribution description: Cropped version of Image:Heliga Trefaldighetskyrkan exteriör från torget 2.jpg content: Lorenz van Steenwinckel was a Flemish-Danish architect and sculptor, son of Hans van Steenwinckel the Elder and brother of Hans van Steenwinckel the Younger. From 1613, he was responsible for numerous projects commissioned by Christian IV. Christian IV's Chapel at Roskilde Cathedral and the Stock Exchange in Copenhagen were among his many projects underway when he died in 1619, only 34 years old. The projects were completed by his brother Hans van Steenwinckel.

title: Trinity Church, Kristianstad hierarchical section title: Trinity Church, Kristianstad caption reference description: Trinity Church caption attribution description: Cropped version of Image:Heliga Trefaldighetskyrkan exteriör från torget 2.jpg content: Trinity Church is a church building in Kristianstad, Sweden, built between 1617 and 1628 by Christian IV of Denmark. He had founded the city of Kristianstad in 1614 at a time when Scania was part of the Kingdom of Denmark. The church's large size and style reveal the king's ambitions for his new city.

title: Kristianstad section title: History hierarchical section title: Kristianstad / History caption reference description: Trinity Church (Heliga Trefaldighetskyrkan) caption attribution description: Cropped version of Image:Heliga Trefaldighetskyrkan exteriör från torget 2.jpg content: Kristianstad is a city and the seat of Kristianstad Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden with 40,145 inhabitants in 2016. During the last 15 years, it has gone from a garrison town to a developed commercial city, today attracting visitors in the summertime mainly from Germany, Denmark and The Netherlands.

title: Architecture of Denmark section title: Renaissance hierarchical section title: Architecture of Denmark / Renaissance caption attribution description: Cropped version of Image:Heliga Trefaldighetskyrkan exteriör från torget 2.jpg content: The architecture of Denmark has its origins in the Viking period, richly revealed by archaeological finds. It became firmly established in the Middle Ages when first Romanesque, then Gothic churches and cathedrals sprang up throughout the country. It was during this period that, in a country with little access to stone, brick became the construction material of choice, not just for churches but also for fortifications and castles.
Under the influence of Frederick II and Christian IV, both of whom had been inspired by the castles of France, Dutch and Flemish designers were brought to Denmark, initially to improve the country's fortifications, but increasingly to build magnificent royal castles and palaces in the Renaissance style. In parallel, the half-timbered style became popular for ordinary dwellings in towns and villages across the country.
Late in his reign, Christian IV also became an early proponent of Baroque which was to continue for a considerable time with many impressive buildings both in the capital and the provinces.


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title: Bicycle pedal section title: Clipless pedals hierarchical section title: Bicycle pedal / Types / Clipless pedals caption reference description: LOOK road pedals caption attribution description: Road LOOK pedals content: The pedal is the part of a bicycle that the rider pushes with their foot to propel the vehicle. It provides the connection between the cyclist's foot or shoe and the crank allowing the leg to turn the bottom bracket spindle and propel the bicycle's wheels. A pedal usually consists of a spindle that threads into the end of the crank, and a body on which the foot rest is attached, that is free to rotate on bearings with respect to the spindle.
Pedals were initially attached to cranks connecting directly to the driven wheel. The safety bicycle, as it is known today, came into being when the pedals were attached to a crank driving a sprocket that transmitted power to the driven wheel by means of a roller chain.


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title: Amon G. Carter Stadium section title: Expansion hierarchical section title: Amon G. Carter Stadium / History / Expansion caption reference description: Amon Carter Stadium prior to its demolition and reconstruction caption attribution description: English: Amon Carter Stadium Grandstand content: Amon G. Carter Stadium is an open-air football stadium on the campus of Texas Christian University in Fort Worth, Texas. It is the home stadium of the TCU Horned Frogs football team. It is named after Amon G. Carter, a prominent Fort Worth businessman, newspaper publisher, and city booster. It has several popular nicknames, the most popular being "The Carter" and "Hell's Half Acre".
Between 2010 and 2012 the stadium underwent a $164 million reconstruction project. In 2019 the stadium underwent an additional $118 million East side expansion.


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title: Vinkovci railway station hierarchical section title: Vinkovci railway station caption attribution description: English: Train station in Vinkovci. content: Vinkovci railway station is the railway station on Novska–Tovarnik railway and railway junction. Located in Vinkovci. Railroad continued to Ivankovo in one, in the other direction to Jankovci, in third direction to Vrapčana, in fourth direction to Osijek, in fifth direction to Vukovar–Borovo Naselje, and the sixth direction towards to Cerna. Vinkovci railway station consists of 16 railway track.

title: M105 railway (Croatia) section title: Gallery hierarchical section title: M105 railway (Croatia) / Gallery caption attribution description: English: Train station in Vinkovci. content: The Novska–Tovarnik railway, officially designated as the M104 railway, is a 185.4-kilometre long railway line in Croatia that connects Novska to the Serbian railway network east of Tovarnik, continuing to the city of Belgrade. Its route follows the Sava river valley. It is an integral part of railway Pan-European Corridor X running from Salzburg and Ljubljana towards Skopje and Thessaloniki. It is electrified and double-tracked.


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title: List of shipwrecks in 1898 section title: 5 July hierarchical section title: List of shipwrecks in 1898 / July / 5 July caption reference description: Reina Mercedes content: The list of shipwrecks in 1898 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during 1898.


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title: Underfall Yard section title: Slipway hierarchical section title: Underfall Yard / Buildings / Slipway caption reference description: The three electronic pumping engines caption attribution description: English: Picture depicting the working electronic pump room at Underfall Yard content: The Underfall Yard is a historic boatyard on Spike Island serving Bristol Harbour, the harbour in the city of Bristol, England.
Underfall Yard was commonly referred to as "The Underfalls" and takes its name from the underfall sluices. The original construction was completed in 1809 under the direction of William Jessop and substantially improved by Isambard Kingdom Brunel in the 1830s.
Restored in the 1990s, Underfall Yard has been designated as a scheduled monument and from the 1970s onward many of the buildings at Underfall Yard have earned Grade II Listed Building status. The harbour and its equipment are still actively maintained, and house a cooperative of maritime companies.


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title: Mário Soares hierarchical section title: Mário Soares caption reference description: Mário Soares in 2014 caption attribution description: English: Mario Soares, former Prime Minister and President of Portuguese Socialist Party (PS) attending a rally to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the Carnation Revolution, 25 April 2014 in Lisbon content: Mário Alberto Nobre Lopes Soares, GColTE, GCC, GColL, KE was a Portuguese politician. He served as Prime Minister of Portugal from 1976 to 1978 and from 1983 to 1985. He soon became President of Portugal from 1986 to 1996.


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title: 2011 Paradise Jam Tournament section title: Men's Tournament hierarchical section title: 2011 Paradise Jam Tournament / Men's Tournament caption reference description: Marquette's Derrick Wilson drives against Norfolk State's Jamel Fuentes while Rashid Gaston trails at the 2011 Paradise Jam Tournament caption attribution description: English: Marquette's Derrick Wilson drives against Norfolk State's Jamel Fuentes while Chris McEachin trails at the 2011 Paradise Jam Tournament content: The 2011 Paradise Jam Tournament was a men's and women's preseason college basketball tournament that took place in Saint Thomas at the Sports and Fitness Center. Marquette won the men's division while Alabama won the women's Island Division and Michigan won the women's Reef Division.

title: 2011–12 Marquette Golden Eagles men's basketball team section title: 2011 Paradise Jam hierarchical section title: 2011–12 Marquette Golden Eagles men's basketball team / 2011 Paradise Jam caption reference description: Marquette's Derrick Wilson drives against Norfolk State's Jamel Fuentes while Chris McEachin trails at the 2011 Paradise Jam Tournament caption attribution description: English: Marquette's Derrick Wilson drives against Norfolk State's Jamel Fuentes while Chris McEachin trails at the 2011 Paradise Jam Tournament content: The 2011–12 Marquette Golden Eagles men's basketball team represented Marquette University in the 2011–12 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. Marquette was coached by Buzz Williams and played their home games at the Bradley Center in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The Golden Eagles were members of the Big East Conference. The Golden Eagles finished the season 26–7, 14–4 in Big East play to finish in second place. The Eagles received an at-large bid to the NCAA Tournament where they defeated BYU and Murray State to advance to the Sweet Sixteen for the second consecutive year. There they lost to Florida.


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title: Kristien Hemmerechts hierarchical section title: Kristien Hemmerechts caption reference description: Kristien Hemmerechts (2013) caption attribution description: Nederlands: Kristien Hemmerechts vertelt en leest voor content: Kristien Hemmerechts is a Belgian writer.


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title: Havlíčkův Brod hierarchical section title: Havlíčkův Brod caption reference description: Havlíček Square seen from the tower of the Church of the Assumption caption attribution description: Česky: Havlíčkův Brod: Havlíčkovo náměstí z věže kostela Nanebevzetí Panny Marie caption alt text description: Havlíček Square seen from the tower of the Church of the Assumption content: Havlíčkův Brod, until 1945 Německý Brod is a town in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has a population of about 23,000. It is located roughly in the geographical centre of the country, on the Sázava River in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands.


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title: Lee Shippey section title: Books hierarchical section title: Lee Shippey / Books caption reference description: Illustration in It's an Old California Custom content: Henry Lee Shippey, who wrote under the name Lee Shippey, was an American author and journalist whose romance with a French woman during World War I caused a sensation in the United States as a "famous war triangle." Shippey later wrote a popular column in the Los Angeles Times for 22 years.


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title: Cedric Cobbs hierarchical section title: Cedric Cobbs caption reference description: Cobbs in 2005. caption attribution description: Former w:New England Patriots and w:Denver Broncos running back w:Cedric Cobbs at the 2005 New England Patriots training camp. Former w:New England Patriots and w:Denver Broncos running back w:Cedric Cobbs at the 2005 New England Patriots training camp. content: Cedric Cobbs is a former American football running back who played for two seasons in the National Football League and one season in the af2. He was drafted by the New England Patriots in the fourth round of the 2004 NFL draft and played one season with the team. He played for the Denver Broncos in 2006 and for the Arkansas Twisters in 2008.

title: List of Arkansas Razorbacks in the NFL draft section title: Drafts hierarchical section title: List of Arkansas Razorbacks in the NFL draft / Drafts caption reference description: Cedric Cobbs was drafted 128th overall by the New England Patriots in the 2004 NFL draft caption attribution description: Former w:New England Patriots and w:Denver Broncos running back w:Cedric Cobbs at the 2005 New England Patriots training camp. Former w:New England Patriots and w:Denver Broncos running back w:Cedric Cobbs at the 2005 New England Patriots training camp. content: The National Football League have drafted 269 players who had played for the University of Arkansas Razorbacks since the league began holding drafts in 1936. The Razorbacks' highest draft position was second overall in 1954, when Lamar McHan was selected by the Chicago Cardinals. Arkansas' first drafted player in the NFL was Jack Robbins, who was the fifth overall pick by the Chicago Cardinals in 1938. Three former players were selected from the latest NFL draft: Hjalte Froholdt, Dre Greenlaw, and Armon Watts.
Each NFL franchise seeks to add new players through the annual NFL draft. The team with the worst record the previous year picks first, the next-worst team second, and so on. Teams that did not make the playoffs are ordered by their regular-season record, with any remaining ties broken by strength of schedule. Playoff participants are sequenced after non-playoff teams, based on their round of elimination.
Before the AFL–NFL merger agreements in 1966, the American Football League operated in direct competition with the NFL and held a separate draft. This led to a massive bidding war over top prospects between the two leagues.


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title: Brooke Mansion (Birdsboro, Pennsylvania) section title: 20th century hierarchical section title: Brooke Mansion (Birdsboro, Pennsylvania) / 20th century caption attribution description: Catharine Schaeffer Muhlenberg was the wife of Frederick Muhlenberg, Congressman from Pennsylvania, and the first Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives.The portrait was published in Henrietta Meier Oakley and J. C. Schwab, The Muhlenberg Album, (New Haven, CT: Tuttle Press, 1910).[1] content: The Edward Brooke II Mansion, also known as "Brookeholm," is a Queen Anne country house at 301 Washington Street in Birdsboro, Pennsylvania. Designed by architect Frank Furness and completed in 1888, it was Edward Brooke II's wedding present to his bride, Anne Louise Clingan.
Five years later, Edward II himself designed a major addition to the mansion. Following their parents' deaths, the Brooke children sold the property in the 1940s. The mansion served as a nursing home for thirty years, and recently as a bed and breakfast.
The property spent fourteen years on and off the real estate market, before being sold at auction on September 29, 2018, for $572,000.

title: Frederick Augustus Conrad Muhlenberg by Joseph Wright section title: Pendant portrait hierarchical section title: Frederick Augustus Conrad Muhlenberg by Joseph Wright / Pendant portrait caption reference description: Joseph Wright, Catharine Schaeffer Muhlenberg (c. 1790), The Speaker's House Museum, Trappe, Pennsylvania. caption attribution description: Catharine Schaeffer Muhlenberg was the wife of Frederick Muhlenberg, Congressman from Pennsylvania, and the first Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives.The portrait was published in Henrietta Meier Oakley and J. C. Schwab, The Muhlenberg Album, (New Haven, CT: Tuttle Press, 1910).[1] content: Frederick Augustus Conrad Muhlenberg is a 1790 portrait by Joseph Wright, now in the collection of the National Portrait Gallery. It depicts Muhlenberg in his position as the first Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives.

title: The Speaker's House section title: Portraits hierarchical section title: The Speaker's House / Founding of The Speaker's House / Portraits caption attribution description: Catharine Schaeffer Muhlenberg was the wife of Frederick Muhlenberg, Congressman from Pennsylvania, and the first Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives.The portrait was published in Henrietta Meier Oakley and J. C. Schwab, The Muhlenberg Album, (New Haven, CT: Tuttle Press, 1910).[1] content: The Speaker's House is a museum located in Trappe, in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania that preserves the home of Frederick Muhlenberg, the First and Third Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. The house was built in 1763, bought by Muhlenberg in 1781, and occupied by his family until 1791.


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title: Blauenstein hierarchical section title: Blauenstein caption reference description: View of the castle, between 1780 and 1820 content: Blauenstein is a castle fort on a rocky outcrop north of Kleinlützel, Switzerland.
The castle was probably built in the thirteenth century and destroyed in 1411 by the forces of Basel during the Neuenstein War. There are only a few walls remaining today. The castle suffered further damage during the 1356 Basel earthquake.
As it was at the junction of important Roman pass on Blauenbergkette, the city of Kleinlützel proposes Roman origins for the castle.
One description of the castle was given as follows, from a book published in 1841: "...the three castles of Blauenstein, Bechburg, and Falkenstein. In ancient times they were inhabited by three powerful barons, who were all warriors, and combined together to keep the passes, that here lead in different directions into Switzerland, completely in their own hands. They would not suffer any persons, whatever might be their station, to pass without paying a toll, which they chose to levy on travellers and their goods, according to their own pleasure.


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title: Ohio's 3rd congressional district hierarchical section title: Ohio's 3rd congressional district caption reference description: Ohio's 3rd congressional district since January 3, 2013 content: Ohio's 3rd congressional district is located entirely in Franklin County and includes most of the city of Columbus. The current district lines were drawn in 2011, following the redistricting based on the 2000 census. The district is barely contiguous. In some portions, it is almost, but not quite, split in two by the neighboring 12th and 15th districts.
It was one of several districts challenged in a 2018 lawsuit seeking to overturn Ohio's congressional map due to alleged unconstitutional gerrymandering. According to the lawsuit, "District 3 is shaped like a snowflake and fractures Franklin County and the city of Columbus."
It is currently represented by Democrat Joyce Beatty.


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title: Rowan County, North Carolina section title: History hierarchical section title: Rowan County, North Carolina / History caption reference description: 1808 Map of Rowan County published in Philadelphia, created by Jonathan Price, John Strother, et al. content: Rowan County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina and formed in 1753 as part of the British Province of North Carolina. While originally a vast territory with unlimited western boundaries, its size was reduced to 524 square miles after several counties were formed from Rowan County in the 18th and 19th century. As of the 2010 census, the population was 138,428. Its county seat, Salisbury, is the oldest continuously populated town in western North Carolina. Rowan County is located northeast of Charlotte and it is considered part of the metropolitan area.


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title: Saundatti hierarchical section title: Saundatti caption reference description: Savadatti Fort caption attribution description: English: Savadatti Fort Author and Source : Manjunath Doddamani, Gajendragad / Hubli, Karnataka (North), India caption alt text description: Savadatti Fort content: Saundatti also known as Savadatti is one of the oldest towns in Belgaum district in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is a celebrated pilgrimage centre located 78 kilometres from Belgaum and 37 kilometres from Dharwad. Savadatti is also the name of the taluk, which was previously named Parasgad. There are several ancient temples in Saudatti.


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title: Royal Bank of Queensland, Lowood section title: Description hierarchical section title: Royal Bank of Queensland, Lowood / Description caption reference description: Bank of Queensland in Lowood, 1922 content: The Royal Bank of Queensland is a heritage-listed former bank at 12 Railway Street, Lowood, Somerset Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1901 to 1917. It is also known as Bank of Queensland Ltd, National Bank of Australasia, and now as a dental surgery. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

title: Royal Bank of Queensland hierarchical section title: Royal Bank of Queensland caption reference description: Royal Bank of Queensland, in Lowood, after merger in 1922 content: The Royal Bank of Queensland was a bank in Queensland, Australia.


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title: List of assassinated and executed heads of state and government section title: Gallery hierarchical section title: List of assassinated and executed heads of state and government / Gallery caption attribution description: English: Photograph of the Execution of Maximilian I of Mexico, and Generals Miramón and Mejía. Left to right: Mejía, → Miramón, and → Maximilian.Français: Photographie de l'exécution de Maximilien, Miramón, et Mejía content: The following is a chronological list of notable heads of governments and heads of state whose deaths have resulted from assassination or execution.
This list considers only the incumbent head of state or government.

title: The Execution of Emperor Maximilian section title: History hierarchical section title: The Execution of Emperor Maximilian / History caption attribution description: English: Photograph of the Execution of Maximilian I of Mexico, and Generals Miramón and Mejía. Left to right: Mejía, → Miramón, and → Maximilian.Français: Photographie de l'exécution de Maximilien, Miramón, et Mejía content: The Execution of Emperor Maximilian is a series of paintings by Édouard Manet from 1867 to 1869, depicting the execution by firing squad of Emperor Maximilian I of the short-lived Second Mexican Empire. Manet produced three large oil paintings, a smaller oil sketch and a lithograph of the same subject. All five works were brought together for an exhibition in London and Mannheim in 1992–1993 and at the Museum of Modern Art in New York in 2006.


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title: USCS Active section title: USCS Service (1852 - 1862) hierarchical section title: USCS Active / USCS Service (1852 - 1862) caption reference description: James Alden, jr., commander of Active from 1852 to 1860 caption attribution description: p189English: James Alden Jr. (1810-1877) content: Active was a survey ship that served in the United States Coast Survey, a predecessor of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, from 1852 to 1861. Active served on the U.S. West Coast. She conducted the Coast Survey's first reconnaissance from San Francisco, California, to San Diego, California, in 1852. Active sometimes stepped outside her normal Coast Survey duties to support U.S. military operations, serving as a troop transport and dispatch boat during various wars with Native Americans and during the San Juan Islands "Pig War" with the United Kingdom in 1859. She also rushed Union troops to Los Angeles, California, in 1861 during the early stages of the American Civil War.
She was sold by the government in 1862 and sailed along the West Coast for a number of private companies until June 5, 1870. In a dense fog she hit a rock near the shore in Humboldt County, California and had to beach to prevent sinking in deep water. Her passengers and crew were saved, but the ship was lost.

title: James Alden Jr. section title: U.S. Civil War hierarchical section title: James Alden Jr. / U.S. Civil War caption reference description: James Alden Jr. caption attribution description: p189English: James Alden Jr. (1810-1877) content: James Alden Jr. was a rear admiral in the United States Navy. In the Mexican–American War he participated in the captures of Veracruz, Tuxpan, and Tabasco. Fighting on the Union side in the Civil War, he took part in the relief of Fort Pickens, followed by many engagements on the Lower Mississippi, before being promoted captain of USS Brooklyn and assisting in the Union victory in the Battle of Mobile Bay.


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title: African French hierarchical section title: African French caption reference description: French-language graffiti on Avenue Habib Bourguiba in Tunis, in March 2012. The graffiti says: "LONG LIVE TUNISIA (Vive la Tunisie), free and democratic". caption attribution description: Polski: Tunis. Ulica Habib Bourguiby. Ślady "Jaśminowej Rewolucji" content: African French is the generic name of the varieties of a French language spoken by an estimated 430 million people in Africa spread across 29 francophone countries. This includes those who speak French as a first or second language in these 31 francophone African countries, but it does not include French speakers living in non-francophone African countries. Africa is thus the continent with the most French speakers in the world. French arrived in Africa as a colonial language; these African French speakers are now a large part of the Francophonie.
In Africa, French is often spoken alongside indigenous languages, but in a number of urban areas it has become a first language, such as in the region of Abidjan, Ivory Coast, in the urban areas of Douala and Yaoundé in Cameroon or in Libreville, Gabon. In some countries it is a first language among some classes of the population, such as in Tunisia, Morocco, Mauritania and Algeria, where French is a first language among the upper classes, but only a second language among the general population.
In each of the francophone African countries, French is spoken with local variations in pronunciation and vocabulary.


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title: Louis van Houtte hierarchical section title: Louis van Houtte caption attribution description: Louis van Houtte (1810-1876) content: Louis Benoît van Houtte was a Belgian horticulturist who was with the Jardin Botanique de Brussels between 1836 and 1838 and is best known for the journal Flore des Serres et des Jardins de l'Europe, produced with Charles Lemaire and M. Scheidweiler, an extensive work boasting more than 2,000 coloured plates in 23 volumes published between 1845 and 1883.
Early in his career van Houtte worked in Brussels for the ministry of finance. All his leisure time was spent on botany at the botanical garden and private estates. He was on good terms with men like the peony breeder M. Parmentier of Enghien, the Knight Parthon de Von, and d’Enghien and befriended local gardeners.
Together with Charles François Antoine Morren, van Houtte founded L'Horticulteur Belge, a monthly magazine, in November 1832. The 119 hand-coloured plates that were published are engravings or sometimes lithographs. There are also 78 plates showing delicate engravings of views. This period in Belgium after 1830 is characterised by a close collaboration between nurseries and the foremost botanists, allowing the English stranglehold on horticulture to be broken.


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title: Nansensgade section title: History hierarchical section title: Nansensgade / History caption reference description: The Elisabethsminde chocolate factory depicted by Heinrich Gustav Ferdinand Holm in 1845 caption attribution description: English: The Elisabethsminde chocolate factory in the area between the later street Nansensgade and Peblinge Lake in Copenahgen, Denmark content: Nansensgade is a street in central Copenhagen, Denmark. It is known for its abundance of cafés and trendy shops and plays host to an annual street festival. Located in front of the local community centre, Charlotte Ammundsens Plads is an urban space which connects Nansensgade to Nørre Søgade

title: Elisabethsminde section title: History hierarchical section title: Elisabethsminde / History caption reference description: The Elisabethsminde chocolate factory depicted by Heinrich Gustav Ferdinand Holm in 1845 caption attribution description: English: The Elisabethsminde chocolate factory in the area between the later street Nansensgade and Peblinge Lake in Copenahgen, Denmark content: Elisabethsminde was a chocolate factory established in 1825 in Copenhagen, Denmark. It was taken over by the confectionery company Hintz & Co. in 1872 but the company once again operated under the name Elisabethsminde from 1880. It closed in the 1950s. Its former chocolate factory at Heimdalsgade 14–16 in the Nørrebro district of Copenhagen was converted into apartments in 2009.


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title: Toluca section title: Landmarks hierarchical section title: Toluca / Landmarks caption reference description: Foyer of the Toluca Cathedral. caption attribution description: English: Foyer of the Cathedral of Toluca with glasswork panels in Toluca, Mexico State content: Toluca, officially called Toluca de Lerdo, is the state capital of the State of Mexico as well as the seat of the Municipality of Toluca. It is the center of a rapidly growing urban area, now the fifth largest in Mexico. It is located 63 kilometres west-southwest of Mexico City, about 40 minutes by car to the western edge of the city. According to the 2010 census, the city of Toluca has a population of 819,561. The city is the fifth largest in Mexico by population. The municipality of Toluca, along with thirteen other municipalities, make up the metropolitan population of 2,116,506 in Greater Toluca as of 2015, making it the fifth most populous metropolitan area in Mexico.


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title: Fränk Schleck hierarchical section title: Fränk Schleck caption reference description: Schleck at the 2011 Tour de Suisse caption attribution description: English: Frank Schleck at the 2011 Tour de Suisse content: Fränk René Schleck is a Luxembourgish former professional road bicycle racer, who rode professionally between 2003 and 2016, for Team Saxo Bank and Trek–Segafredo. Schleck is the older brother of Andy, winner of the 2010 Tour de France. Their father, Johny Schleck, was a professional road bicycle racer between 1965 and 1974, as was their grandfather, Gustave Schleck, who contested events in the 1930s.
Schleck's greatest achievements include five national road race championships, winning the Queen stage of the 2006 Tour de France, which finished on the Alpe d'Huez, the 2006 edition of the Amstel Gold Race classic, and an alpine stage of the 2009 Tour de France, finishing in the sole company of his brother Andy and Alberto Contador. On 30 January 2013, Schleck was suspended for 12 months following a positive test for xipamide at the 2012 Tour de France. The ban, backdated to the date of the positive test, expired on 13 July 2013.


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title: Ko Samui hierarchical section title: Ko Samui caption reference description: Bo Phut Beach caption attribution description: English: Bo Phut Beach, Koh Samui, Thailand content: Ko Samui is an island off the east coast of Thailand. Geographically in the Chumphon Archipelago, it is part of Surat Thani Province, though as of 2012, Ko Samui was granted municipal status and thus is now locally self-governing. Ko Samui, with an area of 228.7 square kilometres, is Thailand's second largest island after Phuket. In 2018, it was visited by 2.7 million tourists.


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title: Principia College section title: Housing and student life facilities hierarchical section title: Principia College / Campus / Housing and student life facilities caption reference description: Buck House caption attribution description: English: Architect Bernard Maybeck designed campus buildings to resemble the English countryside content: Principia College is a private liberal arts college in Elsah, Illinois. It was founded in 1912 by Mary Kimball Morgan with the purpose of "serving the Cause of Christian Science." It has no affiliation with the Church of Christ, Scientist, but according to the college "the practice of Christian Science is the cornerstone of campus life." Students and staff are expected to be practicing Christian Scientists.
Principia sits on bluffs overlooking the Mississippi River between Alton and Grafton in the Metro East region of Southern Illinois, thirty miles north of St. Louis. A portion of the school's 2,500-acre campus is a designated National Historic Landmark District, for its many buildings and design by architect Bernard Maybeck.


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title: Royal George Hotel and Ruddle's Building section title: History hierarchical section title: Royal George Hotel and Ruddle's Building / History caption reference description: Royal George Hotel, circa 1876 content: Royal George Hotel and Ruddle's Building is a heritage-listed hotel at 323-335 Brunswick Street, Fortitude Valley, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built from c. 1850 to the 1960s. It is also known as Bush & Commercial Inn, Commercial Inn, Freemasons Arms, and Ruddle's Corner. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 3 August 1998.


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title: Sepik section title: Image gallery hierarchical section title: Sepik / Image gallery caption attribution description: English: Snapshot of the daily life of the villagers content: The Sepik River is the longest river on the island of New Guinea, and after the Fly and the Mamberamo the third largest by volume. The majority of the river flows through the Papua New Guinea provinces of Sandaun and East Sepik, with a small section flowing through the Indonesian province of Papua.
The Sepik has a large catchment area, and landforms that include swamplands, tropical rainforests and mountains. Biologically, the river system is often said to be possibly the largest uncontaminated freshwater wetland system in the Asia-Pacific region. But, in fact, numerous fish and plant species have been introduced into the Sepik since the mid-20th century.


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title: Nakapiripirit District hierarchical section title: Nakapiripirit District caption reference description: District location in Uganda content: Nakapiripirit District is a district in Northern Uganda. Like many other Ugandan districts, it is named after its 'chief town', Nakapiripirit, where the district headquarters are located.


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title: Brisbane Municipal Concert Band hierarchical section title: Brisbane Municipal Concert Band caption reference description: Brisbane Municipal Concert Band marching, 1909 content: The Brisbane Municipal Concert Band is a community band of amateur musicians in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It is also known as the Brisbane Concert Band. It was founded in 1903 and continues to operate to the present time, making it Brisbane's oldest concert band.


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title: Levin, New Zealand hierarchical section title: Levin, New Zealand caption reference description: Intersection of Queen and Oxford Streets caption attribution description: English: Levin centre. caption alt text description: Intersection of Queen and Oxford Streets content: Levin is the largest town and seat of the Horowhenua District, in the Manawatū-Whanganui region of New Zealand's North Island. It is located east of Lake Horowhenua, around 95 km north of Wellington and 50 km southwest of Palmerston North.
The town has a population of 17,700, making it the 30th largest urban area in New Zealand, and third largest in Manawatū-Whanganui behind Palmerston North and Whanganui.
Levin is a service centre for the surrounding rural area, and a centre for light manufacturing.
To the west of the main town lies Lake Horowhenua, which covers some 3.9 sq/km. It is currently undergoing regeneration.


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title: James Butler, 2nd Duke of Ormonde section title: Early military career hierarchical section title: James Butler, 2nd Duke of Ormonde / Early military career caption reference description: James when he was still Lord Ossory content: James FitzJames Butler, 2nd Duke of Ormonde, KG was an Irish statesman and soldier. He was the third of the Kilcash branch of the family to inherit the earldom of Ormond. Like his grandfather, the 1st Duke, he was raised as a Protestant, unlike his extended family who held to Roman Catholicism. He served in the campaign to put down the Monmouth Rebellion, in the Williamite War in Ireland, in the Nine Years' War and in the War of the Spanish Succession but was accused of treason and went into exile after the Jacobite rising of 1715.


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title: Bell Huey family hierarchical section title: Bell Huey family caption attribution description: English: A U.S. Army Bell UH-1A-BF Iroquois (s/n 59-1693) in flight. content: The Bell Huey family of helicopters includes a wide range of civil and military aircraft produced since 1956 by Bell Helicopter. This H-1 family of aircraft includes the utility UH-1 Iroquois and the derivative AH-1 Cobra attack helicopter series and ranges from the XH-40 prototype, first flown in October 1956 to the 21st century UH-1Y Venom and AH-1Z Viper.

title: Bell UH-1 Iroquois section title: U.S. military variants hierarchical section title: Bell UH-1 Iroquois / Variant overview / U.S. military variants caption reference description: UH-1A Iroquois in flight caption attribution description: English: A U.S. Army Bell UH-1A-BF Iroquois (s/n 59-1693) in flight. content: The Bell UH-1 Iroquois is a utility military helicopter powered by a single turboshaft engine, with two-bladed main and tail rotors. The first member of the prolific Huey family, it was developed by Bell Helicopter to meet a 1952 US Army requirement for a medical evacuation and utility helicopter, and first flew in 1956. The UH-1 was the first turbine-powered helicopter produced for the United States military, and more than 16,000 have been built since 1960.
The Iroquois was originally designated HU-1, hence the Huey nickname, which has remained in common use, despite the official redesignation to UH-1 in 1962. The UH-1 first saw service in combat operations during the Vietnam War, with around 7,000 helicopters deployed. The Bell 204 and 205 are Iroquois versions developed for the civil market.


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title: Mika Chunuonsee hierarchical section title: Mika Chunuonsee caption reference description: Chunuonsee playing for Bangkok United in 2018 caption attribution description: Mika Chunuonsee content: Mika Chunuonsee is a Thai professional footballer of Welsh descent who plays as a defender for Thai League 1 club Bangkok United and the Thailand national team.


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title: Philibert Tsiranana section title: Malagasy Deputy in the French National Assembly hierarchical section title: Philibert Tsiranana / Rise to Power (1956–1958) / Malagasy Deputy in the French National Assembly caption reference description: The Palais Bourbon, seat of the French National Assembly caption attribution description: English: Palais Bourbon content: Philibert Tsiranana was a Malagasy politician and leader, who served as the first President of Madagascar from 1959 to 1972.
During the twelve years of his administration, the Republic of Madagascar experienced institutional stability that stood in contrast to the political turmoil many mainland African countries experienced in this period. This stability contributed to Tsiranana's popularity and his reputation as a remarkable statesman. Madagascar experienced moderate economic growth under his moderately socialist policies and came to be known as "the Happy Island." However, the electoral process was fraught with issues and his term ultimately terminated in a series of farmer and student protests that brought about the end of the First Republic and the establishment of the officially socialist Second Republic.
The "benevolent schoolmaster" public image that Tsiranana cultivated disguised intense firmness that tended toward authoritarianism. Nonetheless, he remains an esteemed Malagasy political figure remembered throughout the country as its "Father of Independence."


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title: Girgaon hierarchical section title: Girgaon caption reference description: Girgaon back road, c. 1905 caption attribution description: English: A typical bit of Bombay street scenery. caption alt text description: Girgaon back road, c. 1905 content: Girgaon is an area in southern Mumbai in Maharashtra, India. The Sanskrit term "Giri" stands for hills, whereas the word "gram" denotes a village. Thus, Girgaon means a village at the foothill of mountains. Girgaon occupies prime residential real estate because of its prominent location in South Mumbai.
The culture in Girgaon is diverse and varied. Like most areas of cosmopolitan Mumbai, residents span diverse languages, religions, traditions, festivals and attire.


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title: Devin Townsend hierarchical section title: Devin Townsend caption reference description: Devin Townsend performing in July 2012 caption attribution description: Français : Devin Townsend du Devin Townsend Project, en juillet 2012 au Getaway Rock Festival. English: Devin Townsend from the Devin Townsend Project, at the 2012 Getaway Rock Festival. caption alt text description: Devin Townsend performing in July 2012 content: Devin Garrett Townsend is a Canadian musician, songwriter and record producer. He founded extreme metal band Strapping Young Lad and was its primary songwriter, vocalist, and guitarist from 1994 to 2007, and has had an extensive career as a solo artist.
After performing in a number of heavy metal bands in high school, Townsend was discovered by a record label in 1993 and asked to perform lead vocals on Steve Vai's album Sex & Religion. After recording and touring with Vai, Townsend was discouraged by what he found in the music industry, and vented his anger on the solo album Heavy as a Really Heavy Thing, released under the pseudonym Strapping Young Lad. He soon assembled a band under the name, and released the critically acclaimed City in 1997. Since then, he has released three more studio albums with Strapping Young Lad, along with solo material released under his own independent record label, HevyDevy Records.
Townsend's solo albums, a mix of hard rock, progressive metal, ambient, and new-age, have featured a varying lineup of supporting musicians. In 2002 he formed the Devin Townsend Band, a dedicated lineup which recorded and toured for two of his solo releases.


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title: List of U.S. states and territories by educational attainment section title: Visual hierarchical section title: List of U.S. states and territories by educational attainment / Visual caption reference description: Map of states percentage of population 25 years old with Advanced Degree in 2009. Territories of the United States are not on the map. content: This is a list of U.S. states and territories by educational attainment. S. states, the District of Columbia, and the 5 inhabited territories of the United States sorted by educational attainment for persons 25 years of age and older. The list is based on the responses to the 2013-2017 American Community Survey for the 50 states, District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, and based on the 2010 U.S. Census for the other 4 U.S. territories. Educational attainment is lower in the U.S. territories than it is in the states and the District of Columbia. The American Community Survey is a large demographic survey collected throughout the year using mailed questionnaires, telephone interviews, and visits from Census Bureau field representatives to about 3.5 million household addresses annually, regardless of their legal immigration status. The survey does not measure graduation rates from a state's high schools, rather, it measures the percentage of adult residents with a high school diploma.
Overall, the percent of people with a high school degree is highest in Montana, and lowest in the U.S. Virgin Islands.

title: Educational attainment in the United States hierarchical section title: Educational attainment in the United States caption reference description: Map of states percentage of population 25 years old with Advanced Degree in 2009. content: The educational attainment of the U.S. population refers to the highest level of education completed. The educational attainment of the U.S. population is similar to that of many other industrialized countries with the vast majority of the population having completed secondary education and a rising number of college graduates that outnumber high school dropouts. As a whole, the population of the United States is spending more years in formal educational programs. As with income, levels differ by race, age, household configuration, and geography.
Overall, the demographics with the highest educational attainment in the United States are also those with the highest household income and wealth.


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title: Cinema Museum (Girona) hierarchical section title: Cinema Museum (Girona) caption attribution description: Museu del Cinema. Girona content: The Cinema Museum - Tomàs Mallol Collection is a museum dedicated to the world of film and moving images.
It was created in the city of Girona from the Tomàs Mallol Collection of pre-cinema and cinema objects, which was acquired in 1994 by the City Council of Girona. The museum was inaugurated on April 8, 1998, the first of its kind in Spain, which hosts a variety of material of cinema and precinema.
Besides the permanent exhibition displays the Tomàs Mallol Collection, a journey through 400 years of the history of the moving image. The Cinema Museum also has an active educational service with educational activities about cinema and the moving image, an extensive program of activities and temporary exhibitions, an Institute of Studies, a club of friends of the museum and the Museum Shop.
The Cinema Museum has received several awards and honors, which include a finalist nomination in the "European Museum of the Year Award", the Gonzalez Sinde Prize awarded by the Academy of Motion Pictures Arts and Sciences from Spain, and in 2006 the National Heritage Award, given by the Government of Catalonia.


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title: 2009 LA Tennis Open section title: Finals hierarchical section title: 2009 LA Tennis Open / Finals caption reference description: Sam Querrey, Singles Champion caption attribution description: English: Sam Querrey at 2009 Roland Garros, Paris, France content: The 2009 LA Tennis Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 83rd edition of the event known that year as the LA Tennis Open and was part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2009 ATP World Tour. It took place at the Los Angeles Tennis Center in Los Angeles, California, United States, from July 27 through August 2, 2009. The LA Tennis Open was the second ATP stop of the 2009 US Open Series.
In addition to the singles and doubles events, a Legends Invitational Singles competition was held, featuring Michael Chang, Stefan Edberg and Jim Courier, winner of the competition at the 2008 Countrywide Classic. The LA Tennis Open kicked off with the "Millennium Challenge" featuring Pete Sampras returning to the University of California, Los Angeles to play Marat Safin in a rematch of their 2000 US Open final, won by the Russian 6–4, 6–3, 6–3. Fourteen-time Grand Slam champion Sampras, who held the World No. 1 ranking for a record 286 weeks, was recognized as the 2009 LA Tennis Open Tournament Honoree.

title: Sam Querrey section title: 2009: Second ATP title hierarchical section title: Sam Querrey / Career / 2009: Second ATP title caption reference description: Querrey at the 2009 French Open caption attribution description: English: Sam Querrey at 2009 Roland Garros, Paris, France content: Sam Querrey is an American professional tennis player who is ranked world No. 65 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals. Known for his powerful serve, Querrey holds the record for consecutive service aces in a match with 10. He is also a capable doubles player, with five doubles titles and a career-high doubles ranking of world no. 23.
In singles, Querrey has won ten titles. His best performance in a Grand Slam singles event was at the 2017 Wimbledon Championships, where he reached the semifinal by defeating World No. 1 Andy Murray. At the same tournament the previous year, he defeated World No. 1 Novak Djokovic to reach the quarterfinals, ending his Grand Slam streak of 4 in a row. Other career highlights for Querrey include defeating former world number one Rafael Nadal in the Acapulco final of 2017, reaching the quarterfinals at the 2017 US Open and the 2019 Wimbledon Championships, and, in the 2015 US Open, reaching the mixed doubles final with Bethanie Mattek-Sands and the men's doubles semifinals with Steve Johnson. He has twice reached the semifinals of the Davis Cup with the United States team, in 2008 and 2012.


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title: 41st Parliament of Ontario section title: Party standings at dissolution hierarchical section title: 41st Parliament of Ontario / Party standings at dissolution caption reference description: Initial seating arrangement of the 41st Parliament caption attribution description: English: The initial seating arrangement of the 41st Parliament of Ontario content: The 41st Legislative Assembly of Ontario was a legislature of the government of the province of Ontario, Canada. The membership was set by the 2014 Ontario general election. The 41st parliament of Ontario was dissolved on May 8, 2018.
It was controlled by a Liberal Party majority, with Liberal leader Kathleen Wynne serving as Premier of Ontario.
The Official Opposition was the Progressive Conservative Party led by Vic Fedeli, and the third party was the New Democratic Party, led by Andrea Horwath. At dissolution the Trillium Party had one MPP, Jack MacLaren, but lacked official party status so MacLaren was officially considered an independent by the legislature.


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title: Spain section title: Literature hierarchical section title: Spain / Culture / Literature caption reference description: Miguel Delibes (Valle de Sedano in 1960), describes the situation of rural Spain after the Rural flight in the 1950s. content: Spain, officially the Kingdom of Spain, is a country in Southwestern Europe with some pockets of territory across the Strait of Gibraltar and the Atlantic Ocean. Its continental European territory is situated on the Iberian Peninsula. Its territory also includes two archipelagos: the Canary Islands off the coast of North Africa, and the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea. The African enclaves of Ceuta, Melilla, and Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera, makes Spain the only European country to have a physical border with an African country. Several small islands in the Alboran Sea are also part of Spanish territory. The country's mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar; to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean respectively.
With an area of 505,990 km², Spain is the largest country in Southern Europe, the second-largest country in Western Europe and the European Union, and the fourth-largest country by area on the European continent.

title: Miguel Delibes section title: Literary apogee hierarchical section title: Miguel Delibes / Biography / Literary apogee caption reference description: Miguel Delibes in the 1960s in his "refuge" of Sedano (Burgos). content: Miguel Delibes Setién MML was a Spanish novelist, journalist and newspaper editor associated with the Generation of '36 movement. From 1975 until his death, he was a member of the Royal Spanish Academy, where he occupied letter "e" seat. Licensed in commerce, he began his career as a cartoonist and columnist. He later became the editor for the regional newspaper El Norte de Castilla before gradually devoting himself exclusively to writing novels.
He was a connoisseur of the flora and fauna of Castile and was passionate about hunting and the countryside. Therefore, these were common themes in his writing, and he often wrote from the perspective of a city-dweller who had not lost touch with the rural world.
He was one of the leading figures of post-Civil War Spanish literature, winning numerous literary prizes. Several of his works have been adapted into plays or have been turned into films, winning awards at the Cannes Film Festival among others. He has been ranked with Heinrich Böll and Graham Greene as one of the most prominent Catholic writers of the second half of the twentieth century. He was deeply affected by the death of his wife in 1974.

title: Páramos (comarca) hierarchical section title: Páramos (comarca) caption reference description: Miguel Delibes in Valle de Sedano, 1960. content: Páramos, also known as "Sedano y Las Loras", is a comarca located northwest of the province of Burgos in the autonomous community of Castile and León. It is bounded on the north-east by the Merindades, north-west by Cantabria, west by the Province of Palencia, and in the south by the Alfoz de Burgos and Odra-Pisuerga comarcas.


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title: Red Hill Underground Fuel Storage Facility section title: Construction hierarchical section title: Red Hill Underground Fuel Storage Facility / History / Construction caption reference description: Red Hill construction, 1941. content: The Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility is a military fuel storage facility in Hawaii. Operated by the United States Navy, Red Hill supports U.S. military operations in the Pacific.
Unlike any other facility in the United States, Red Hill can store up to 250 million gallons of fuel. It consists of 20 steel-lined underground storage tanks encased in concrete, and built into cavities that were mined inside of Red Hill. Each tank has a storage capacity of approximately 12.5 million gallons.
The Red Hill tanks are connected to three gravity-fed pipelines that run 2.5 miles inside a tunnel to fueling piers at Pearl Harbor. Each of the 20 tanks at Red Hill measures 100 feet in diameter and is 250 feet in height.
Red Hill is located under a volcanic mountain ridge near Honolulu. It was declared a Civil Engineering Landmark by the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1995.


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title: Lake Kildinskoye hierarchical section title: Lake Kildinskoye caption reference description: An island in Lake Kildinskoye caption attribution description: English: Lake Kildinskoe Русский: Озеро Кильдинское content: Lake Kildinskoye is a lake in Kolsky District, Murmansk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the east of the Kola Peninsula close to the confluence of the Tuloma River and Kola River, 13 kilometers south-east of the city of Murmansk. The lake is approximately 8 kilometers long and 1 kilometer wide. Lake Kildinskoye's proximity to Murmansk, European route E105, and Severomorsk-3 air base has made it a popular year-round tourism location used for various recreational purposes, including sailing regattas during the summer and wind surfing during the winter. Activities related to the Festival of the North, an annual winter sports festival held across Murmansk Oblast since 1934, are held on and round the lake when it is frozen over.


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title: Birger Wasenius hierarchical section title: Birger Wasenius caption attribution description: English: Birger Wasenius won world champion of speed skating in Helsinki in February 1939. content: Birger Wasenius was a Finnish World Champion in speed skating. He was born in Helsinki.
Wasenius reached the world top in 1933 when he won a silver medal at the European Allround Championships. More medals soon followed, including two silver medals and one bronze medal at the 1936 Winter Olympics of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, but none of them were gold. Most of the gold medals those days went to Norwegian skater Ivar Ballangrud. In fact, four of the six silver medals Wasenius won at the Winter Olympics, the World Allround Championships, and the European Allround Championships were behind Ballangrud. Finally, at the 1939 World Allround Championships of Helsinki, his city of birth, Wasenius became World Allround Champion, winning the 1,500 m and finishing second on the other three distances.
At the end of 1939, the Winter War between Finland and the Soviet Union broke out, and Wasenius was killed early 1940 while fighting for the Finnish army on the islands of Lake Ladoga.


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title: Butte, Montana section title: Cityscapes hierarchical section title: Butte, Montana / Geography / Cityscapes caption reference description: View of Butte from south, 1908. content: Butte is the county seat of Silver Bow County, Montana, United States. In 1977, the city and county governments consolidated to form the sole entity of Butte-Silver Bow. The city covers 718 square miles, and, according to the 2010 census, has a population of 33,503, making it Montana's fifth largest city. It is served by Bert Mooney Airport with airport code BTM.
Established in 1864 as a mining camp in the northern Rocky Mountains on the Continental Divide, Butte experienced rapid development in the late-nineteenth century, and was Montana's first major industrial city. In its heyday between the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries, it was one of the largest copper boomtowns in the American West. Employment opportunities in the mines attracted surges of Asian and European immigrants, particularly the Irish; as of 2017, Butte has the largest population of Irish Americans per capita of any city in the United States.
Butte was also the site of various historical events involving its mining industry and active labor unions and Socialist politics, the most famous of which was the labor riot of 1914.


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title: Scotland national rugby union team section title: The Calcutta Cup hierarchical section title: Scotland national rugby union team / History / 1871–1924 / The Calcutta Cup caption reference description: The Calcutta Cup match, 1890 caption attribution description: English: Early w:Calcutta Cup rugby match between Scotland and England at Raeburn Place, Edinburgh content: The Scotland national rugby union team represents Scotland in men's international rugby union is administered by the Scottish Rugby Union. The team takes part in the annual Six Nations Championship and participates in the Rugby World Cup, which takes place every four years. As of 14 October 2019, Scotland are 9th in the World Rugby Rankings.
The Scottish rugby team dates back to 1871, where they beat England in the first international rugby union match at Raeburn Place. Scotland competed in the Five Nations from the inaugural tournament in 1883, winning it 14 times outright—including the last ever Five Nations in 1999—and sharing it another 8. In 2000 the competition accepted a sixth competitor, Italy, thus forming the Six Nations. Since this change, Scotland have yet to win the competition. The Rugby World Cup was introduced in 1987 and Scotland have competed in all nine competitions, the most recent being in 2019, where they failed to reach the quarter-finals. Their best finish came in 1991, where they lost to the All Blacks in the third place play-off.
Scotland have a strong rivalry with the English national team. They both annually compete for the Calcutta Cup.

title: Raeburn Place section title: Rugby hierarchical section title: Raeburn Place / Rugby caption reference description: Illustration of a Calcutta Cup match played at Raeburn Place, 1890 caption attribution description: English: Early w:Calcutta Cup rugby match between Scotland and England at Raeburn Place, Edinburgh content: Raeburn Place is the main street of Stockbridge, Edinburgh, and the name of the playing fields there.

title: History of rugby union in Scotland section title: The Calcutta Cup hierarchical section title: History of rugby union in Scotland / 1871-1924 / The Calcutta Cup caption reference description: Calcutta Cup match, Raeburn Place, Edinburgh, 1890 caption attribution description: English: Early w:Calcutta Cup rugby match between Scotland and England at Raeburn Place, Edinburgh content: Rugby union in Scotland in its modern form has existed since the mid-19th century. As with the history of rugby union itself however, it emerged from older traditional forms of football which preceded the codification of the sport. In the same manner as rugby union in England, rugby union in Scotland would grow at a significant rate to the point where Scotland played England in the first ever rugby union international in 1871, a match which was won by the Scottish team.
In 1883, Scotland would become a founding member of the annual Home Nations Championship with England, Wales and Ireland, and since its creation in 1987 have competed in every Rugby World Cup. Scotland took part in co-hosting the 1991 Rugby World Cup, alongside the rest of the United Kingdom, Ireland and France. The governing body of rugby union in Scotland, Scottish Rugby Union, is the second oldest organisation of its kind, having been founded in 1873.

title: Stockbridge, Edinburgh section title: Culture and sport hierarchical section title: Stockbridge, Edinburgh / Culture and sport caption reference description: The first ever rugby international (Calcutta Cup match), Raeburn Place, Edinburgh, 1890 caption attribution description: English: Early w:Calcutta Cup rugby match between Scotland and England at Raeburn Place, Edinburgh content: Stockbridge is a suburb of Edinburgh, located towards the north of the city centre, bounded by the New Town and by Comely Bank. The name is Scots stock brig from Anglic stocc brycg, meaning a timber bridge. Originally a small outlying village, it was incorporated into the City of Edinburgh in the 19th century. The current "Stock Bridge", built in 1801, is a stone structure spanning the Water of Leith. The painter Henry Raeburn owned two adjoining estates, Deanhaugh and St Bernard's, which he developed with the assistance of the architect James Milne. Milne was also responsible for the fine St Bernard's Church in Saxe Coburg Street. Ann Street, designed by Raeburn and named after his wife, is a rare early example of a New Town street with private front gardens.


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title: Mary Jane Manigault section title: Sweetgrass basket weaving hierarchical section title: Mary Jane Manigault / Sweetgrass basket weaving caption reference description: Photo of sweetgrass baskets caption attribution description: English: Basket weaving content: Mary Jane Manigault was a sweetgrass basket maker from Mount Pleasant, South Carolina. She began sweetgrass basket-weaving at a young age, and the tradition has been continued by her children and grandchildren. The art of sweetgrass basket-weaving is an important tradition in the Gullah culture and has been a prominent practice in communities brought over to the United States as early slaves.
She was a recipient of a 1984 National Heritage Fellowship awarded by the National Endowment for the Arts, which is the United States government's highest honor in the folk and traditional arts.


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title: Albert Brooks hierarchical section title: Albert Brooks caption reference description: Brooks at a Q&A following a screening of Drive, December 5, 2011 caption attribution description: Albert Brooks at a Q&A following a screening of Drive content: Albert Lawrence Brooks is an American actor, voice actor, writer, comedian, and director. He was known for his roles in Modern Romance, Lost in America, Defending Your Life, Finding Nemo, The Simpsons Movie, and Drive.
Brooks was born in Beverly Hills, California.


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title: Keeseekoose 66 hierarchical section title: Keeseekoose 66 caption reference description: Location in Saskatchewan content: Keeseekoose 66 is an Indian reserve of the Keeseekoose First Nation in Saskatchewan. It is 16 kilometers north of Kamsack. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 491 living in 135 of its 155 total private dwellings. In the same year, its Community Well-Being index was calculated at 50 of 100, compared to 58.4 for the average First Nations community and 77.5 for the average non-Indigenous community.


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title: Jan Nyssen section title: Articles in international scientific journals hierarchical section title: Jan Nyssen / Publications / Articles in international scientific journals caption reference description: Red-black soil catena near Hagere Selam content: Jan Nyssen is a Belgian physical geographer, and professor of geography at Ghent University.

title: Soil in Dogu'a Tembien hierarchical section title: Soil in Dogu'a Tembien caption reference description: Red-black soil catena in Addi Selam (Hagere Selam Highlands) - A is Luvisol and B is Vertisol content: The soils of the Dogu’a Tembien woreda in Tigray reflect its longstanding agricultural history, highly seasonal rainfall regime, relatively low temperatures, an extremely great variety in lithology and steep slopes. Outstanding features in the soilscape are the fertile highland Vertisols and Phaeozems in forests.


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title: Alternative fashion section title: Historical and sociological perspectives hierarchical section title: Alternative fashion / Historical and sociological perspectives caption reference description: 1911 sketch by American journalist Marguerite Martyn contrasts fashion designer Beatrice Farnham's alternative attire with that of a modern woman of that era. caption attribution description: English: Sketch of Beatrice Farnham and woman with dog, in hotel lobby, 1911. The contrast is between Farnham's American Indian-style clothing and the modern style of the woman. People in the lobby look on. This is from the St. Louis Post-Dispatch of February 26, 1911. content: Alternative fashion is fashion that, at least at one time, stood apart from mainstream commercial fashion. Alternative fashion includes the fashions of specific subcultures such as emo, scene, goth subculture, hip hop, heavy metal fashion, cyberpunk, and Lolita fashion; however, it is not limited to these. In general, alternative, or 'alt', fashion does not conform to widely popular style trends of the times that have widespread popularity. It may exhibit itself as a fringe style – extremely attention-grabbing and more artistic than practical – but it can also develop from anti-fashion sentiments that focus on simplistic utilitarian drives.

title: Beatrice Farnham section title: Native American culture hierarchical section title: Beatrice Farnham / Interests / Native American culture caption reference description: 1911 sketch by Marguerite Martyn of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch contrasts Farnham's attire and attitude with that of another woman in a hotel lobby as observers stare. caption attribution description: English: Sketch of Beatrice Farnham and woman with dog, in hotel lobby, 1911. The contrast is between Farnham's American Indian-style clothing and the modern style of the woman. People in the lobby look on. This is from the St. Louis Post-Dispatch of February 26, 1911. content: Beatrice Farnham was a 20th-century American artist and entrepreneur who was notable for her native-American-inspired fashion and handicrafts, her impassioned defense of tribal culture in newspaper interviews, and her outdoor wedding ceremony with noted Colorado park ranger John Otto.


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title: Ducati Motor Holding S.p.A. hierarchical section title: Ducati Motor Holding S.p.A. caption reference description: Ducati's current logo as of 2008 caption attribution description: English: Ducati red logo.Español: Logo de Ducati rojo.Italiano: Ducati Logo rosso. content: Ducati Motor Holding S.p.A. is the motorcycle-manufacturing division of Italian company Ducati, headquartered in Bologna, Italy. The company is owned by German automotive manufacturer Audi through its Italian subsidiary Lamborghini, with Audi itself owned by the Volkswagen Group.


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title: Fallon County, Montana hierarchical section title: Fallon County, Montana caption reference description: Location within the U.S. state of Montana content: Fallon County is a county located in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 2,890. Its county seat is Baker. The county was created in 1913 from a portion of Custer County. It is named for Benjamin O'Fallon, a nephew of Captain William Clark and an Indian agent for the upper Missouri region from 1823 to 1827.

title: Fallon County, Montana hierarchical section title: Fallon County, Montana caption reference description: Location within the U.S. state of Montana content: Fallon County is a county found in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 2,890 people. Its county seat is Baker.


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title: Respiratory failure section title: Treatment hierarchical section title: Respiratory failure / Treatment caption reference description: Mechanical ventilator caption attribution description: Español: Respirador o ventilador mecánico infantil Bird VIP. English: The Bird VIP brand infant ventilator. content: Respiratory failure results from inadequate gas exchange by the respiratory system, meaning that the arterial oxygen, carbon dioxide or both cannot be kept at normal levels. A drop in the oxygen carried in blood is known as hypoxemia; a rise in arterial carbon dioxide levels is called hypercapnia. Respiratory failure is classified as either Type 1 or Type 2, based on whether there is a high carbon dioxide level, and can be either acute or chronic. The definition of respiratory failure in clinical trials usually includes increased respiratory rate, abnormal blood gases, and evidence of increased work of breathing. Respiratory failure causes an altered mental status due to ischemia in the brain.
The normal partial pressure reference values are: oxygen PaO₂ more than 80 mmHg, and carbon dioxide PaCO₂ less than 45 mmHg.

title: Pulmonary contusion section title: Ventilation hierarchical section title: Pulmonary contusion / Treatment / Ventilation caption reference description: Mechanical ventilation may be required if pulmonary contusion causes inadequate oxygenation. caption attribution description: Español: Respirador o ventilador mecánico infantil Bird VIP. English: The Bird VIP brand infant ventilator. content: A pulmonary contusion, also known as lung contusion, is a bruise of the lung, caused by chest trauma. As a result of damage to capillaries, blood and other fluids accumulate in the lung tissue. The excess fluid interferes with gas exchange, potentially leading to inadequate oxygen levels. Unlike pulmonary laceration, another type of lung injury, pulmonary contusion does not involve a cut or tear of the lung tissue.
A pulmonary contusion is usually caused directly by blunt trauma but can also result from explosion injuries or a shock wave associated with penetrating trauma. With the use of explosives during World Wars I and II, pulmonary contusion resulting from blasts gained recognition. In the 1960s its occurrence in civilians began to receive wider recognition, in which cases it is usually caused by traffic accidents. The use of seat belts and airbags reduces the risk to vehicle occupants.
Diagnosis is made by studying the cause of the injury, physical examination and chest radiography.

title: Rheotrauma hierarchical section title: Rheotrauma caption reference description: A Neonatal mechanical ventilator. High gas flows are often used in neonatal ventilation which carries the risk of rheotrauma. caption attribution description: Español: Respirador o ventilador mecánico infantil Bird VIP. English: The Bird VIP brand infant ventilator. content: Rheotrauma is a medical term for the harm caused to a patient's lungs by high gas flows as delivered by mechanical ventilation. Although mechanical ventilation may prevent death of a patient from the hypoxia or hypercarbia which may be caused by respiratory failure, it can also be damaging to the lungs, leading to ventilator-associated lung injury. Rheotrauma is one of the ways in which mechanical ventilation may do this, alongside volutrauma, barotrauma, atelectotrauma and biotrauma. Attempts have been made to combine all of the mechanical forces caused by the ventilator on the patient's lungs in an all encompassing term: mechanical power.

title: Tracheotomy section title: Long term ventilation hierarchical section title: Tracheotomy / Indications / Long term ventilation caption reference description: Tracheotomy tubes and endotracheal tubes are often attached to ventilators to assist in breathing. caption attribution description: Español: Respirador o ventilador mecánico infantil Bird VIP. English: The Bird VIP brand infant ventilator. content: Tracheotomy, or tracheostomy, is a surgical procedure which consists of making an incision on the anterior aspect of the neck and opening a direct airway through an incision in the trachea. The resulting stoma can serve independently as an airway or as a site for a tracheal tube or tracheostomy tube to be inserted; this tube allows a person to breathe without the use of the nose or mouth.

title: Electrical engineering section title: Related disciplines hierarchical section title: Electrical engineering / Related disciplines caption reference description: The Bird VIP Infant ventilator caption attribution description: Español: Respirador o ventilador mecánico infantil Bird VIP. English: The Bird VIP brand infant ventilator. content: Electrical engineering is an engineering discipline concerned with the study, design and application of equipment, devices and systems which use electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. It emerged as an identifiable occupation in the latter half of the 19th century after commercialization of the electric telegraph, the telephone, and electrical power generation, distribution and use.
Electrical engineering is now divided into a wide range of fields, including computer engineering, systems engineering, power engineering, telecommunications, radio-frequency engineering, signal processing, instrumentation, and electronics. Many of these disciplines overlap with other engineering branches, spanning a huge number of specializations including hardware engineering, power electronics, electromagnetics and waves, microwave engineering, nanotechnology, electrochemistry, renewable energies, mechatronics, and electrical materials science.
Electrical engineers typically hold a degree in electrical engineering or electronic engineering. Practising engineers may have professional certification and be members of a professional body or an international standards organization.

title: Ventilator hierarchical section title: Ventilator caption reference description: The Bird VIP Infant ventilator caption attribution description: Español: Respirador o ventilador mecánico infantil Bird VIP. English: The Bird VIP brand infant ventilator. content: A ventilator is a machine that provides mechanical ventilation by moving breathable air into and out of the lungs, to deliver breaths to a patient who is physically unable to breathe, or breathing insufficiently. Modern ventilators are computerized microprocessor-controlled machines, but patients can also be ventilated with a simple, hand-operated bag valve mask. Ventilators are chiefly used in intensive-care medicine, home care, and emergency medicine and in anesthesiology.
Ventilators are sometimes called "respirators", a term commonly used for them in the 1950s. However, contemporary hospital and medical terminology uses the word "respirator" to refer to a protective face-mask.

title: Mechanical ventilation section title: Positive pressure hierarchical section title: Mechanical ventilation / Types of ventilators / Modes of mechanical ventilation / Positive pressure caption reference description: Neonatal mechanical ventilator caption attribution description: Español: Respirador o ventilador mecánico infantil Bird VIP. English: The Bird VIP brand infant ventilator. content: Mechanical ventilation, or assisted ventilation, sometimes abbreviated as IMV, is the medical term for artificial ventilation where mechanical means are used to assist or replace spontaneous breathing. This may involve a machine called a ventilator, or the breathing may be assisted manually by a suitably qualified professional, such as an anesthesiologist, Registered Nurse, paramedic or other first responder, or in some parts of the United States, by a respiratory therapist, by compressing a bag valve mask device.
Mechanical ventilation is termed "invasive" if it involves any instrument inside the trachea through the mouth, such as an endotracheal tube or the skin, such as a tracheostomy tube.
Face or nasal masks are used for non-invasive ventilation in appropriately selected conscious patients.
The two main types of mechanical ventilation include positive pressure ventilation where air is pushed into the lungs through the airways, and negative pressure ventilation where air is usually, in essence, sucked into the lungs by stimulating movement of the chest.


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title: History of Chicago section title: Early native settlements hierarchical section title: History of Chicago / Pre-1830 / Early native settlements caption reference description: Chicago in 1820 caption attribution description: Print showing Native Americans engaged in fur trading on the banks of a river or lake at the settlement of Chicago. content: Chicago has played a central role in American economic, cultural and political history. Since the 1850s Chicago has been one of the dominant metropolises in the Midwestern United States, and has been the largest city in the Midwest since the 1880 census. The area's recorded history begins with the arrival of French explorers, missionaries and fur traders in the late 17th century and their interaction with the local Pottawatomie Native Americans. Jean Baptiste Point du Sable was the first permanent non-indigenous settler in the area, having a house at the mouth of the Chicago River in the late 18th century. There were small settlements and a U.S. Army fort, but the soldiers and settlers were all driven off in 1812. The modern city was incorporated in 1837 by Northern businessmen and grew rapidly from real estate speculation and the realization that it had a commanding position in the emerging inland transportation network, based on lake traffic and railroads, controlling access from the Great Lakes into the Mississippi River basin.


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title: Corse-du-Sud hierarchical section title: Corse-du-Sud caption reference description: Corse-du-Sud department content: Corse-du-Sud is a department in the south of France. Its prefecture is Ajaccio. As of 2006, about 125,000 people live there.

title: Corse-du-Sud hierarchical section title: Corse-du-Sud caption reference description: Location of Corse-du-Sud in France content: Corse-du-Sud is an administrative department of France consisting of the southern part of the island of Corsica. The corresponding departmental territorial collectivity merged with that of Haute-Corse on 1 January 2018, forming the single territorial collectivity of Corsica, coinciding with territorial elections. The people living in Corse-du-Sud are called "Southerners".

title: Corse-du-Sud's 1st constituency hierarchical section title: Corse-du-Sud's 1st constituency caption reference description: Location of Corse-du-Sud within France content: Corse-du-Sud's 1st constituency is one of two French legislative constituencies in the department of Corse-du-Sud. It is currently represented by Jean-Jacques Ferrara of The Republicans.

title: Corse-du-Sud's 2nd constituency hierarchical section title: Corse-du-Sud's 2nd constituency caption reference description: Location of Corse-du-Sud within France content: Corse-du-Sud's 2nd constituency is one of two French legislative constituencies in the department of Corse-du-Sud. It is currently represented by Paul-André Colombani of Pè a Corsica.

title: List of senators of Corse-du-Sud hierarchical section title: List of senators of Corse-du-Sud caption reference description: Location of Corse-du-Sud in France content: Following is a list of senators of Corse-du-Sud, people who have represented the department of Corse-du-Sud in the Senate of France.
The department was formed on 15 September 1975, when the department of Corsica was divided into Haute-Corse and Corse-du-Sud.


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title: Sapulpa, Oklahoma hierarchical section title: Sapulpa, Oklahoma caption reference description: Location within Creek County and Oklahoma content: Sapulpa is a city in Creek and Tulsa counties in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The population was 20,544 at the 2010 United States census, compared to 19,166 at the 2000 census. As of 2019 the estimated population was 21,278. It is the county seat of Creek County.


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title: McGulpin House hierarchical section title: McGulpin House caption reference description: McGulpin House, June 2006 caption attribution description: www.mackinacparks.com content: The McGulpin House is a historic house museum, located in a structure originally built before 1780 and now located at the corner of Fort Street and Market Street on Mackinac Island, Michigan. It is owned, operated, and opened to the public during the summer months by Mackinac Island State Park as part of Historic Downtown Mackinac Island.

title: List of the oldest buildings in Michigan section title: List hierarchical section title: List of the oldest buildings in Michigan / List caption attribution description: www.mackinacparks.com content: Some dates are approximate and based upon dendochronology, architectural studies, and historical records.
To be listed here a site must:
date prior to 1850; or
be the oldest building in a region, large city, or oldest of its type

title: List of the oldest buildings in the United States section title: 18th century hierarchical section title: List of the oldest buildings in the United States / 18th century caption attribution description: www.mackinacparks.com content: The list includes sites in current states and territories which were not part of the original Thirteen Colonies when the United States of America was founded in 1776.