Question: On what date did this building officially open?

Instruction: Determine the Wikipedia snippet that matches the question of this image.

Emirates Stadium. The Emirates Stadium (known as Ashburton Grove prior to sponsorship, and as Arsenal Stadium for UEFA competitions) is a football stadium in Holloway, London, England. It is the home of Arsenal FC, since its completion in 2006. It has a current seated capacity of 60,704, making it the fifth-largest football stadium in England. In 1997, Arsenal explored the possibility of relocating to a new stadium, having been denied planning permission by Islington Council to expand its home stadium, Highbury. After considering various options (including purchasing Wembley Stadium), the club bought an industrial and waste disposal estate in Ashburton Grove in.

Emirates Stadium. 2000. A year later, they received the council's approval to build a stadium on the site; manager Arsène Wenger described this as the "biggest decision in Arsenal's history" since the board appointed Herbert Chapman. Relocation began in 2002, but financial difficulties delayed work until February 2004. Emirates was later announced as the main sponsor for the stadium. The entire stadium project was completed in 2006 at a cost of £390 million. The club's former stadium was redeveloped as Highbury Square, an apartment complex.The stadium has undergone a process of "Arsenalisation" since 2009 with the aim of restoring visible links to.

Emirates Stadium. in March 1998 made an official bid to purchase the ground. The Football Association (FA) and the English National Stadium Trust opposed Arsenal's offer, claiming it harmed England's bid for the 2006 FIFA World Cup, which FIFA itself denied. In April 1998, Arsenal withdrew its bid and Wembley was purchased by the English National Stadium Trust. The club however was given permission to host its UEFA Champions League home ties at Wembley for the 1998–99 and 1999–2000 seasons. Although Arsenal's time in the competition was brief, twice exiting the group stages, the club set its record home attendance (73,707 against.

Emirates Stadium. in a further legal challenge bought by small firms in January 2005 as the High Court upheld a decision by then-Deputy Prime Minister John Prescott to grant a compulsory purchase order in support of the scheme. The stadium later became issue in the local elections in May 2006. The Metropolitan Police restricted supporters' coaches to being parked in the nearby Sobel Sports Centre rather than in the underground stadium car park, and restricted access to 14 streets on match days. These police restrictions were conditions of the stadiums' health and safety certificate which the stadium requires to operate and open.

Emirates Stadium. The road closures were passed at a council meeting in July 2005.## Finance and naming.Securing finance for the stadium project proved a challenge as Arsenal received no public subsidy from the government. Whereas Wenger claimed French clubs "pay nothing at all for their stadium, nothing at all for their maintenance," and "Bayern Munich paid one euro for their ground," Arsenal were required to buy the site outright in one of London's most expensive areas. The club therefore sought other ways of generating income, such as making a profit on player trading. Arsenal recouped over £50 million from transfers involving Nicolas.

Emirates Stadium. Scotland, the club suspended work on Ashburton Grove in April 2003, saying, "We have experienced a number of delays in arrangements for our new stadium project in recent months across a range of issues. The impact of these delays is that we will now be unable to deliver a stadium opening for the start of the 2005–06 season." The cost of building the stadium, forecasted at £400 million, had risen by £100 million during that period.Throughout the summer of 2003, Arsenal gave fans the opportunity to register their interest in a relaunched bond scheme. The club planned to issue 3,000.

Emirates Stadium. for the stadium was secured in February 2004. Later in the year Emirates bought naming rights for the stadium, in a 15-year deal estimated at £100 million that also included a 7-year shirt sponsorship, starting in the 2006–07 season. The stadium name is colloquially shortened from "Emirates Stadium" to "The Emirates", although some supporters continue to use the former name "Ashburton Grove" or even "The Grove", particularly those who object to the concept of corporate sponsorship of stadium names. Due to UEFA regulations on stadium sponsors, the ground is referred to as Arsenal Stadium for European matches, which was the.

Emirates Stadium. involved in the process.The first phase of demolition was completed in March 2004, and two months later, stand piling on the West, East and North stands had been concluded. Two bridges over the Northern City railway line connecting the stadium to Drayton Park were also built; these were completed in August 2004. The stadium topped out in August 2005 and external glazing, power and water tank installation was completed by December 2005. The first seat in the new stadium was ceremonially installed on 13 March 2006 by Arsenal midfielder Abou Diaby. DD GrassMaster was selected as the pitch installer and.

Emirates Stadium. Hewitt Sportsturf was contracted to design and construct the playing field. Floodlights were successfully tested for the first time on 25 June 2006, and a day later, the goalposts were erected.In order to obtain the licences needed to open, the Emirates Stadium hosted three non-full capacity events. The first "ramp-up" event was a shareholder open day on 18 July 2006, the second an open training session for 20,000 selected club members held two days later. The third event was Dennis Bergkamp's testimonial match against Ajax on 22 July 2006. The Emirates Stadium was officially opened by Prince Philip, Duke of.

Emirates Stadium. Edinburgh on 26 October 2006; his wife Queen Elizabeth II had suffered a back injury and was unable to carry out her duty. Prince Philip quipped to the crowd, "Well, you may not have my wife, but you've got the "second"-most experienced plaque unveiler in the world." The royal visit echoed the attendance of the Queen's uncle, the Prince of Wales (later King Edward VIII) at the official opening of Highbury's West Stand in 1932. As a result of the change of plan, the Queen extended to the club the honour of inviting the chairman, manager and first team to.

Emirates Stadium. join her for afternoon tea at Buckingham Palace. Held on 15 February 2007, the engagement marked the first time a football club had been invited to the palace for such an event.## Loan repayments.Interest on the £260 million debt was set at a commercial fixed rate over a 14-year period. To refinance the cost, Arsenal planned to convert the money into a 30-year bond financed by banks.The proposed bond issue went ahead in July 2006. Arsenal issued £210 million worth of 13.5-year bonds with a spread of 52 basis points over government bonds and £50 million of 7.1-year bonds with.

Emirates Stadium. held in the North Bank Stand, opened in October 2006 and is located to the north of the stadium, within the Northern Triangle building. It houses the marble statues that were once held in the marble halls of Highbury.## Future.As of 2008, Arsenal's season ticket waiting list stood at 40,000 people. There has also been discussion on the implementation of safe standing.On February 2022, the club announced major renovation plans to improve the Emirates Stadium. The first phase of renovations include installing new video boards, turnstile ticket readers, and refurbishing the stadium roof and wrap. Future renovation plans include completely.

Emirates Stadium. the Emirates in June 2013. The Killers played 2 exclusive sold-out concerts at the Emirates for their Mirage tour on 3 & 4 June 2022. ## International football matches.The stadium has also been used for a number of international friendly matches all of which have featured the Brazil national football team. The first match was against Argentina on 3 September 2006 which ended in a 3–0 victory for Brazil.## Records.It is difficult to get accurate attendance figures as Arsenal do not release these, but choose to use tickets sold. The average attendance for competitive first-team fixtures in the stadium's first.

Emirates Stadium. season, 2006–07, was 59,837, with a Premier League average attendance of 60,045. By the 2016–17 season, the reported average home league attendance was 59,957. The attendances that Arsenal reported to the Metropolitan Police for the 2015–16 season show an average home match attendance of 54,918, ranging from a high of 60,007 against Aston Villa to a low of 44,878 against West Bromwich Albion. The highest attendance for an Arsenal match at the Emirates Stadium as of June 2017 is 60,161, for a Premier League match against Manchester United on 3 November 2007. The lowest attendance at the ground is believed.

Emirates Stadium. to be 25,909 for a match against FC BATE Borisov in the UEFA Europa League on 7 December 2017, however the official attendance for the game is recorded as 54,648.The first player to score at the Emirates in a competitive fixture was Aston Villa defender Olof Mellberg after 53 minutes. In the same match Gilberto Silva scored Arsenal's first competitive goal at the ground. Jay Simpson was the first Arsenal player to score a hat trick at the Emirates Stadium against Cardiff City in February 2007, while Emmanuel Adebayor recorded Arsenal's 100th goal at the ground in January 2008 against.

Emirates Stadium. Newcastle United. Arsenal's biggest margin of victory at the Emirates Stadium was by seven goals, achieved with a 7–0 win over Slavia Prague in the group stages of the UEFA Champions League on 23 October 2007. Their biggest margin of defeat at the ground was by four goals, when they were beaten 5–1 by Bayern Munich in the Champions League round of 16, second leg on 7 March 2017. Robin van Persie has scored the most goals at the Emirates Stadium with 64.## Transport and access.The Emirates Stadium is served by a number of London Underground stations and bus routes.


Question: What is the thermal conductivity of this material (watt per metre kelvin)?

Instruction: Retrieve a Wikipedia paragraph that provides an answer to the given query about the image.

Water. in the liquid or solid state can form up to four hydrogen bonds with neighboring molecules. Hydrogen bonds are about ten times as strong as the Van der Waals force that attracts molecules to each other in most liquids. This is the reason why the melting and boiling points of water are much higher than those of other analogous compounds like hydrogen sulfide. They also explain its exceptionally high specific heat capacity (about 4.2 J/g/K), heat of fusion (about 333 J/g), heat of vaporization (), and thermal conductivity (between 0.561 and 0.679 W/m/K). These properties make water more effective at.


Question: What is this plant named after?

Instruction: Retrieve a Wikipedia paragraph that provides an answer to the given query about the image.

Lilium humboldtii. Lilium humboldtii, or Humboldt's lily, is a species of lily native to the US state of California and the Mexican state of Baja California. It is named after naturalist and explorer Alexander von Humboldt. It is native to the South High Cascade Range, High Sierra Nevada, south Outer South Coast Ranges, and the Santa Monica Mountains and others in Southern California, growing at elevations from 600 (m) to 1200 (m).## Description."Lilium humboldtii" grows up to 6 (ft) tall, with flowers that are maroon-spotted, golden-orange with dark red splotches, with orange to brown stamens. The plant flowers in June, with flowers.


Question: What is the closest upper taxonomy of this animal?

Instruction: Retrieve a Wikipedia paragraph that provides an answer to the given query about the image.

Sailfish. The sailfish is one or two species of marine fish in the genus Istiophorus, which belong to the family Istiophoridae (marlins). They are predominantly blue to gray in colour and have a characteristically large dorsal fin known as the sail, which often stretches the entire length of the back. Another notable characteristic is the elongated rostrum (bill) consistent with that of other marlins and the swordfish, which together constitute what are known as billfish in sport fishing circles. Sailfish live in colder pelagic waters of all Earth's oceans, and hold the record for the fastest speed of any marine animals.##.


Question: Which company manufactures this vehicle?

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Nissan Juke. The is a subcompact crossover SUV (B-segment) produced by the Japanese car manufacturer Nissan since 2010. Debuted as a production vehicle at the 2010 Geneva Motor Show in March and positioned below the C-segment Qashqai, it was introduced to North America at the 2010 New York International Auto Show to be sold for the 2011 model year.The second-generation model was revealed for the European market in September 2019, offering larger dimensions by utilising the newer Renault–Nissan CMF-B platform. The second generation marks the withdrawal of the model from most markets outside Europe and Australasia to make way for the Nissan.

Nissan Juke. Kicks.The name "juke" means to "dance or change directions demonstrating agility", and is also derived from the word "jukebox".## First generation (F15; 2010).On 11 February 2009, Nissan announced that the model would go into production at the Nissan Motor Manufacturing UK (NMUK) plant in Sunderland, United Kingdom, during 2010 following its appearance as the Nissan Qazana concept car at the 2009 Geneva Motor Show.The Juke was designed at Nissan Design Europe in London and refined at Nissan's Design Centre in Japan. It is based on the Nissan B platform. The Sunderland plant (NMUK) manufactures for the European market, Australia and.

Nissan Juke. New Zealand, while Nissan's facility in Oppama, Japan, produces the vehicle for all other countries. Both Sunderland and Oppama are suppliers of the all-wheel drive variant. The Purwakarta plant (NMI) in Indonesia assembled the Juke for the domestic market and Thailand with a local content of 40 percent, front-wheel-drive only.A rebadged version of the first-generation Juke was sold in China as the Infiniti ESQ.## Design.The car's profile is dominated by the prominent wheel arches and the body's high waistline which contrast with the slim side windows, which is a modern interpretation of "coke bottle styling" popular during the 1960s and.

Nissan Juke. 1970s. Echoing a style first seen Nissan's high performance electric coupé concept shown at the 2007 Frankfurt Motor Show, the glasshouse resembles a racing helmet visor. A coupé-like appearance is achieved by the rear door handles being located near the C-pillars, within the window frame. Locating the rear door handles within the window frame is a Nissan styling tradition, begun with the 1985 Nissan Pathfinder. The sport motif continues inside with the red or grey-painted centre console bearing similarity to a motorcycle fuel tank.The front end features a stacked array of lights. Running lamps and indicators are mounted atop the.

Nissan Juke. front wings, their lenses visible from inside the cabin as an aid to maneuvering. Below them, under the lower edges of an expansive, curved grille, the main headlamps are intended to be reminiscent of those fitted to rally cars during the 1960s and 1970s. Where fitted, fog lamps are situated on a third level within the sump guard at the bottom.## Cabin.The Juke features seating for five (two in front, three in back). The rear seats have a 60/40 split and can be folded down independently in order to carry larger objects. The rear cargo area is small but features.

Nissan Juke. additional storage beneath the floor (front wheel drive models only).The steering column instrumentation cluster features a tachometer, speedometer, and a small display between them that displays real-time fuel efficiency, odometer and trip odometer.The center portion of the dash contains the radio and the I-CON control (if equipped). Depending on market and trim level the Juke may be equipped with iPod or USB connectivity, NissanConnect GPS navigation, rear-view camera and Bluetooth audio. A relatively deep glovebox on the passenger side houses an iPod connector (if equipped).All but base models are equipped with Nissan's Integrated Control System, dubbed I-CON: a command module.

Nissan Juke. that sits in the lower dashboard, which manages both the climate control and the vehicle's drive mode (Normal, Sport or Eco). Its display and nomenclature change according to the function selected. Among the available display data are fuel efficiency stats, real-time G-force measurements and turbo boost pressure.## Markets.## Japan.In Japan, where the car was launched on 9 June 2010, orders totalled 10,943 units in its first month, surpassing Nissan's monthly target of 1,300. By 5 October 2010, Japanese sales had increased to 20,000 while European and US figures also exceeded expectations with orders for 30,000 and 17,500 cars taken for.

Nissan Juke. the respective markets. Four levels are specified. The RX and RS models are equipped with the "HR15DE" I4 engine, while the "MR16DDT" was supplied for the 16GT and 16GT FOUR.## United States.Three trim levels were initially available with the 1.6-litre turbocharged "MR16DDT" petrol engine: S, SV and SL. The base engine is rated at 188 hp (140 kW) at 5,600 rpm and 177 lb⋅ft (240 N⋅m) of torque at 2,000 rpm. The base S model was available only with a CVT and lacks the I-CON display. The SV model adds I-CON, optional 6-speed manual transmission and moonroof. The SL model.

Nissan Juke. adds leather seats, USB connectivity and a rear-view camera. All-wheel drive with torque vectoring was optional on all trims but cannot be paired with a manual transmission.After the 2017 model year, the Juke was discontinued in the United States.## Canada.The S trim was available with either manual transmission or CVT. In the SV trim the I-CON system was not standard and was available as an option. In the SL trim the I-CON system was standard and a navigation system was available. The Juke was discontinued in Canada after the 2017 model year.## Europe.Five trim levels are indicated for the 1.6-litre.

Nissan Juke. "HR16DE" petrol, 1.5-litre "K9K" diesel and 1.6-litre "MR16DDT" petrol engines: Visia, Acenta (also available with Sport and Premium packs), Tekna, Nismo and Nismo RS. In 2012, Nissan replaced the limited edition Juke Kuru with the Juke Shiro model. The Shiro was a limited edition Juke with white accents throughout the interior including white stitching on the leather seats, gear shifter and steering wheel as well as several other aesthetic options.The car was launched in the UK on 24 September 2010.## New Zealand.Two trim levels: ST and Ti, are available. Both are front-wheel drive and are powered by the HR16DE engine.

Nissan Juke. only available with a CVT. Some features on the higher-spec Ti include 17-inch alloy wheels, Dynamic Control System (DCS) drive modes, intelligent key with push start button and dual front, side and curtain airbags.## Indonesia.Locally assembled by Nissan Motor Indonesia (NMI), the Juke for the Indonesian market comes with two trim levels: RX and Red, with one engine option, the 1.5-litre "HR15DE" I4. Both trims are only available with a CVT. The Red model, only available in Indonesia, adds roof spoiler, different grille colour and bigger audio display screen. On 12 February 2015, Nissan Motor Indonesia added "Revolt" trim to.

Nissan Juke. the lineup, while introducing facelift for Indonesian Juke. Between 2014 and 2017, the locally assembled Juke was exported to Thailand. Production ceased in September 2018.## Chile.Sales began in 2012 for the Juke identical to the UK model sold in Chile. Three trim levels are offered: Sense, Advance and Exclusive, with two engines, 1.6 and 1.6 Turbo, with the turbo engine only available in the Exclusive trim level. All of them come with a CVT except the Exclusive Turbo, with the AWD option was only offered in the Exclusive.## Facelift.At the 2014 Geneva Motor Show, Nissan unveiled the revised Nissan Juke.

Nissan Juke. for 2015 model year, which went on sale in the summer of 2014. On the exterior, the revision has new L-Shaped LED Daytime Running and Indicator clusters, new front and rear bumper styling and new colour options. New standard equipment includes a rear-view camera, keyless entry and Bluetooth hands-free phone system.## Juke Nismo.New for 2013, the NISMO version differs from the base Juke in styling changes to the bumpers and side skirts, interior styling, modified suspension and steering, 18 (in) wheels, an unspecified "torque vectoring" option, and engine tuning. The engine is rated at 197 (hp) at 6,000 rpm and.

Nissan Juke. 184 (lbft) of torque at 2,000 rpm. There was also a higher-end Nismo RS variant available, with upgraded standard equipment (Recaro front seats, carbon fiber). The engine is upgraded to 215 (hp) at 6,300 rpm and 210 (lbft) at 3,600 rpm.The New York Times review was generally positive, but: "About that styling: I love it, but you might hate it. The face is dominated by bug-eye headlamps, and the running lights bulge up above the hood such that they’re in the driver’s line of sight. At night, the effect is of large bio-luminescent slugs lounging atop the front fenders. Admittedly,.

Nissan Juke. it’s more appealing than I’m making it sound."## Juke-R.The Juke-R is a limited production run Juke with the drivetrain, chassis, and the 3.8-litre VR engine from the Nissan GT-R that produces 545 (hp). Although Nissan planned to produce 17 or 23 units, only a total of five Juke-Rs were produced.## Infiniti ESQ.Beginning in 2014, the Juke has been sold in China as the Infiniti ESQ. Debuted at 2014 Chengdu Auto Show, it is based on the pre-facelift Juke Nismo with its upgraded suspension, aero enhancements and 18-inch wheels. It uses the turbocharged 1.6-liter four-cylinder engine with 147 (kW).As of 2016,.

Nissan Juke. the ESQ is the only Infiniti model not to have a name beginning with the letter Q.## Marketing.In August 2013, Nissan launched a commercial for the Juke, featuring Stormtroopers from the "Star Wars" series.## Second generation (F16; 2019).The second-generation Juke was unveiled on 3 September 2019 in London, Paris, Milan, Barcelona and Cologne. The second-generation Juke went in production in October 2019. Nissan continued to build the Juke at its plant in Sunderland, UK. Customer deliveries begun in late November in European markets.The vehicle is larger and based on an all-new CMF-B platform shared with the second-generation Renault Captur and.

Nissan Juke. the fifth-generation Renault Clio. The new platform makes extensive use of high-strength steel which is claimed to offer better stability, performance, and cornering capabilities. Despite that, the second-generation Juke is lighter by around 23 (kg) compared to the previous-generation model.Nissan claims rear-seat knee room is increased by 58 (mm), rear head room by 11 (mm), and the boot capacity is now 20 percent bigger at 422 (L) because of its larger size. The new Juke adopts an all-new dashboard layout with a 'floating' central display, a new multifunction steering wheel, and a reduced number of buttons on the center console.Initial.

Nissan Juke. engine option is the 1.0-litre three-cylinder "DIG-T" turbocharged petrol engine which produces 117 (PS) and 180 (Nm). In March 2022, a 1.6-litre petrol hybrid engine option from the Renault Captur was introduced alongside the 2022 improved model.For most markets outside Europe and Australasia, the second-generation Juke was never introduced as it was replaced by the V platform-based Kicks. The Kicks was revealed in North America in 2017 for 2018 model year, directly replacing the Juke. The Juke was also phased out in Japan and several Southeast Asian markets in favour of the Kicks e-Power.It was released in Australia in May.

Nissan Juke. 2020, with four trim levels available. It was also launched in Taiwan in November 2020, and sold alongside the locally assembled Kicks.## Safety.The second-generation Juke was awarded a full five-star rating by Euro NCAP.## Reception.It was reported that customers of the Juke mainly consisted of young buyers and the elderly, resulting in an average age in the late 40s.In Europe, it is Nissan's second best-selling car behind the Qashqai. U.S. sales of the Juke slowed in 2015, but the crossover sold 38,000 units in 2013 and 2014, and about 36,000 in 2011 and 2012.The Nissan Juke received Insurance Institute for.

Nissan Juke. Highway Safety (IIHS) Top Safety Pick in 2011.A Nissan Juke driven by stunt-driver Terry Grant claimed a Guinness World Record when it was driven around the Goodwood Hill Course on two wheels for 2 minutes and 55 seconds. The Nissan Juke received "The Grand Tour"s 2017 "Nissan Juke Award" for the worst car of the year.


Question: What country does this place belong to?

Instruction: Determine the Wikipedia snippet that matches the question of this image.

Amanohashidate. Amanohashidate (天橋立) is one of Japan's three scenic views. The sandbar is located in Miyazu Bay in northern Kyoto Prefecture. It forms part of the Tango-Amanohashidate-Ōeyama Quasi-National Park.## Location.A thin strip of land connects two opposing sides of Miyazu Bay. This sand bar is 3.3 (km) long and covered with about 7,000 pine trees.It can be viewed from mountains on either side of the bay or it can be traversed on foot. Near the northern end is Kono Shrine, Shinto Shrine and the southern end is Chion-ji, a Buddhist temple.On the bar is the Isoshimizu fresh water well cherished since.

Amanohashidate. the Heian period, which was selected as one of 100 best springs and rivers in Japan by the Environmental Agency in 1985.## Access.Amanohashidate Station on the Miyazu Line railway, about two hours from Kyoto Station or Osaka Station, is located within walking distance from the southern end of Amanohashidate.List of Special Places of Scenic Beauty, Special Historic Sites and Special Natural Monuments The 100 Views of Nature in KansaiAmanohashidate Tourist Association (English page).


Question: What is this plant named after?

Instruction: I want to find a paragraph from Wikipedia that answers my question about this image.

Macadamia. an important source of bushfood for the Aboriginal peoples who are the original inhabitants of the area.The nut was first commercially produced on a wide scale in Hawaii, where Australian seeds were introduced in the 1880s, and for some time they were the world's largest producer. South Africa has been the world's largest producer of the macadamia since the 2010s.## Etymology.The German-Australian botanist Ferdinand von Mueller gave the genus the name "Macadamia" in 1857 in honour of the Scottish-Australian chemist, medical teacher and politician John Macadam, who was the honorary Secretary of the Philosophical Institute of Victoria beginning in 1857.##.

Macadamia. requires around 2000 N to crack. The shell material is five times harder than hazelnut shells and has mechanical properties similar to aluminum. It has a Vickers hardness of 35.1828Allan Cunningham was the first European to encounter the macadamia plant, in Australia.1857 - 1858German-Australian botanist Ferdinand von Mueller gave the genus the scientific name "Macadamia". He named it after his friend John Macadam, a noted scientist and secretary of the Philosophical Institute of Australia.1858'Bauple nuts' were discovered in Bauple, Queensland; they are now known as macadamia nuts.Walter Hill, superintendent of the Brisbane Botanic Gardens (Australia), observed a boy eating the.


Question: Which location has this insect invaded?

Instruction: Determine the Wikipedia snippet that matches the question of this image.

Western conifer seed bug. herbivores, it might be that in evolving its ability to overcome these defenses, "L. occidentalis" actually became somewhat dependent on such compounds.Its host plants in the native range include conifers such as Douglas-fir ("Pseudotsuga menziesii"), ponderosa pine ("Pinus ponderosa"), lodgepole pine ("Pinus contorta"), and white spruce ("Picea glauca"). Outside the native range, it is found on species such as eastern white pine ("P. strobus") and red pine ("P. resinosa") in eastern North America and Europe, and mountain pine ("P. mugo"), black pine ("P. nigra"), Scots pine ("P. sylvestris") and pistachio ("Pistacia vera") in Europe.The eggs are laid in small groups.

Western conifer seed bug. of this species arrived on the south coast of England, indicating natural immigration from continental Europe. In late 2009, a large group of western conifer seed bugs invaded Koç University in Istanbul, Turkey. The same thing happened in October 2012 in most of the cities of the French Alps, like Moûtiers. In 2017 it appears for the first time in the Southern Hemisphere, with several records from Chile.It was also first recorded from Tokyo, Japan in 2008, and some additional records from Tokyo and Kanagawa Prefecture have been added until 2009.In 2010 the first detection was made in Ukraine, in.

Western conifer seed bug. Dniprorudne, and the next year in Russia, in Rostov-on-Don.In 2020 it was first reported in Finland.On October 21, 2020 the first sighting in Andorra was posted to iNaturalist, and in September this species was found in Kozhukhovka in Kyiv region, Ukraine.In June 2021 Agence France Presse carried a report into devastation caused by the bug in the Qsaybeh pine forest east of Beirut, Lebanon, resulting in the collapse of pine nut production."This article draws heavily on the in the Italian-language Wikipedia." Stages of metamorphosis Status of "L. occidentalis" in Britain Western Conifer Seed Bug.


Question: What is this food named after?

Instruction: You have to find a Wikipedia segment that answers the question about the displayed image.

Peking duck. Peking duck is a dish from Beijing (Peking) that has been prepared since the Imperial era. The meat is characterized by its thin, crispy skin, with authentic versions of the dish serving mostly the skin and little meat, sliced in front of the diners by the cook. Ducks bred especially for the dish are slaughtered after 65 days and seasoned before being roasted in a closed or hung oven. The meat is often eaten with spring onion, cucumber and sweet bean sauce with pancakes rolled around the fillings. Sometimes pickled radish is also inside. Crispy aromatic duck is a similar.

Peking duck. dish to Peking duck and is popular in the United Kingdom.## History.Duck has been roasted in China since the Southern and Northern Dynasties. A variation of roast duck was prepared for the Emperor of China in the Yuan Dynasty. The dish, originally named "shāo yāzi" (燒鴨子), was mentioned in the "Complete Recipes for Dishes and Beverages" (飲膳正要) manual in 1330 by Hu Sihui (忽思慧), an inspector of the imperial kitchen. The Peking roast duck that came to be associated with the term was fully developed during the later Ming Dynasty, and by then, Peking duck was one of the main.

Peking duck. dishes on imperial court menus. The first restaurant specialising in Peking duck, Bianyifang, was established in the Xianyukou, close to Qianmen of Beijing in 1416.By the Qianlong Period (1736–1796) of the Qing Dynasty, the popularity of Peking duck spread to the upper classes, inspiring poetry from poets and scholars who enjoyed the dish. For instance, one verse of "Dūmén zhúzhīcí", a Beijing local poem was, "Fill your plates with roast duck and suckling pig".In 1864, the Quanjude (全聚德) restaurant was established in Beijing. Yang Quanren (楊全仁), the founder of Quanjude, developed the hung oven to roast ducks.By the mid-20th century,.

Peking duck. Peking duck had become a national symbol of China, favored by tourists and diplomats alike. For example, Henry Kissinger, the Secretary of State of the United States, met Premier Zhou Enlai in the Great Hall of the People on 10 July 1971, during his first (secret) visit to China. After a round of inconclusive talks in the morning, the delegation was served Peking duck for lunch, which became Kissinger's favourite. The Americans and Chinese issued a joint statement the following day, inviting President Richard Nixon to visit China in 1972. Following Zhou's death in 1976, Kissinger paid another visit to.

Peking duck. Beijing to savor Peking duck. Peking duck, at the Quanjude in particular, has also been a favorite dish for various political leaders ranging from Cuban Fidel Castro to former German chancellor Helmut Kohl.Two notable restaurants in Beijing which serve this dish are Quanjude and Bianyifang, both centuries-old establishments which have become household names, each with their own style: Quanjude is known for using the hung oven roasting method, while Bianyifang uses the oldest technique of closed oven roasting.## Preparation.## Raising the duck.The ducks used to prepare Peking duck originated in Nanjing. They were large, had black feathers, and lived in.

Peking duck. the canals that linked the city to major waterways.With the relocation of the Chinese capital to Beijing, supply barge traffic increased in that area. Often these barges spilled water into side-canals, providing a habitat for the ducks. By the time of adoption of five-spice powder, a new breed of duck had been domesticated by Chinese farmers. Nowadays, Peking duck is prepared from the American Pekin duck ("Anas platyrhynchos domestica").Newborn ducks are raised in a free range environment for the first 45 days of their lives, and force fed 4 times a day for the next 15–20 days, resulting in ducks.

Peking duck. that weigh 5–7 kg (11–15 lbs). The force feeding of the ducks led to an alternate name for the animal, "Peking "stuffed" duck" ().## Cooking the duck.Fattened ducks are killed, plucked, eviscerated and rinsed thoroughly with water. Air is pumped under the skin through the neck cavity to separate the skin from the fat. The duck is then blanched in boiling hot water for two to three minutes before it is hung up to dry. This tightens the skin. While it is hung, the duck is glazed with a layer of runny syrup, and the inside is rinsed once more.

Peking duck. with water. A second layer of glaze/marinade of soy sauce, five-spice powder, and more maltose is then applied inside and out, and the duck is left to stand for 24 hours in a cool, dry place (or a refrigerator). It is then roasted in an oven until the skin turns shiny brown.Besides two traditional methods to prepare Peking duck, recipes have been compiled by chefs around the world to produce the dish at home.## Closed-oven style.Peking duck is originally roasted in a closed oven (), and Bianyifang is the restaurant that keeps this tradition. The closed oven is built of.

Peking duck. brick and fitted with metal griddles (). The oven is preheated by burning Gaoliang sorghum straw () at the base. The duck is placed in the oven immediately after the fire burns out, allowing the meat to be slowly cooked through the convection of heat within the oven. Controlling the fuel and the temperature is the main skill. In closed-oven style, duck meat is combined well with the fat under the skin, and therefore is juicy and tender.## Open-oven style.The open oven () was developed in the imperial kitchens during the Qing Dynasty, and adopted by the Quanjude restaurant chain.

Peking duck. It is designed to roast up to 20 ducks at the same time with an open fire fueled by hardwood from peach or pear trees. The ducks are hung on hooks above the fire and roasted at a temperature of 270 °C (525 °F) for 30–40 minutes. While the ducks are roasting, the chef may use a pole to dangle each duck closer to the fire for 30-second intervals. In open-oven style, the fat is usually melted during the cooking process, so the skin is crispy.## Serving.Peking duck is traditionally carved in front of the guests and served in three.

Peking duck. stages. First, slices of duck skin are served with sugar and sweet bean sauce as a dip. Duck skin is best enjoyed hot and crisp to the bite. The meat is then served with steamed pancakes () and an assortment of vegetable dishes, typically julienned cucumber and spring onion. Traditionally, diners dip slices of duck into the condiments and wrap into the pancake with cucumber and any other ingredients. The wrap is then eaten by hand or with chopsticks. The carved duck (鸭架) – the remainder of the roast duck, with choice cuts removed – can be cooked in three.

Peking duck. ways. The traditional way is in a broth with ingredients such as Chinese cabbage and soft tofu. The carved duck can also be chopped and stir-fried in sweet bean sauce, or rapidly sautéed and served with salt and pepper (椒鹽). Otherwise, the carved duck is packed to be taken home by the customers.## Reheating.Whole Peking ducks can be ordered as takeaway. The ducks can be reheated at home with an oven or stove. When an oven is used, the duck is heated at a temperature of 150 °C (300 °F) for 20 minutes, and then at 160 °C (325 °F).

Peking duck. for another 10 minutes. The stove method involves submerging the duck in boiling water before placing it on a griddle 70 cm (28 in) above the cooking fire. The water is replaced every 3–4 minutes until the duck is piping hot. To reheat the Peking duck with oil, the duck is sliced into thin pieces and placed in a strainer held over a wok of hot oil. The duck is then rinsed several times with the oil.## Notable restaurants.A number of restaurants in Beijing specialise in Peking duck. Examples include Quanjude, Bianyifang, Changan Yihao (長安一號), Dayali, Beijing Xiaowangfu (北京小王府) and.

Peking duck. Dadong Kaoyadian (大董烤鴨店). Some restaurants, in particular Quanjude and Bianyifang, have long histories of serving high quality duck that they are now household names, or "Lao zihao" (老字号), literally "old brand name". In addition, Quanjude has received worldwide recognition, having been named a China Renowned Trademark in 1999.Duck Chang's Restaurant, established in 1975 in Virginia, USA, was the first Chinese restaurant to prepare and serve Peking duck without a 24-hour advanced notice.In 2018, the James Beard Foundation awarded Sun Wah BBQ in Chicago, Illinois with their America's Classics award, specifically citing Sun Wah's three-course "Beijing Duck Feast" in their announcement.

Peking duck. of the award.## Crispy aromatic duck.Crispy aromatic duck (香酥鴨 xiang su ya) is a similar dish to Peking duck. It is very popular in the United Kingdom, where it was created in the latter half of the twentieth century.The duck is first marinated with spices, then steamed until tender, and finally deep fried until crispy. The meat has less fat and is drier and crispier compared to that of Peking duck. Crispy aromatic duck can also be seen in the United States, usually served with buns rather than pancakes.In Germany, some Asian fusion restaurants also serve crispy aromatic duck ("Knusprige.

Peking duck. Ente"), sometimes also labeled as Peking duck ("Peking-ente", also "Pekingente"). The duck is marinated with spices and deep-fried, served together with stir-fried vegetables ("Wokgemüse") over fried noodles or with rice. Chinese cuisine List of duck dishes Mandarin cuisine Roast goose Zhangcha duck In Pictures: Making Peking Duck (BBC).


Question: Who is the creator of this object?

Instruction: You have to find a Wikipedia segment that answers the question about the displayed image.

Reflecting telescope. A reflecting telescope (also called a reflector) is a telescope that uses a single or a combination of curved mirrors that reflect light and form an image. The reflecting telescope was invented in the 17th century by Isaac Newton as an alternative to the refracting telescope which, at that time, was a design that suffered from severe chromatic aberration. Although reflecting telescopes produce other types of optical aberrations, it is a design that allows for very large diameter objectives. Almost all of the major telescopes used in astronomy research are reflectors. Reflecting telescopes come in many design variations and may.

Reflecting telescope. employ extra optical elements to improve image quality or place the image in a mechanically advantageous position. Since reflecting telescopes use mirrors, the design is sometimes referred to as a catoptric telescope.From the time of Newton to the 1800s, the mirror itself was made of metal usually speculum metal. This type included Newton's first designs and even the largest telescopes of the 19th century, the Leviathan of Parsonstown with a 1.8 meter wide metal mirror. In the 19th century a new method using a block of glass coated with very thin layer of silver began to become more popular by.

Reflecting telescope. his telescope and five years before Hooke built the first such Gregorian telescope, Isaac Newton in 1668 built his own reflecting telescope, which is generally acknowledged as the first reflecting telescope. It used a spherically ground metal primary mirror and a small diagonal mirror in an optical configuration that has come to be known as the Newtonian telescope.Despite the theoretical advantages of the reflector design, the difficulty of construction and the poor performance of the speculum metal mirrors being used at the time meant it took over 100 years for them to become popular. Many of the advances in reflecting.

Reflecting telescope. useful for terrestrial observations. Some small spotting scopes are still built this way. There are several large modern telescopes that use a Gregorian configuration such as the Vatican Advanced Technology Telescope, the Magellan telescopes, the Large Binocular Telescope, and the Giant Magellan Telescope.## Newtonian.The Newtonian telescope was the first successful reflecting telescope, completed by Isaac Newton in 1668. It usually has a paraboloid primary mirror but at focal ratios of about f/10 or longer a spherical primary mirror can be sufficient for high visual resolution. A flat secondary mirror reflects the light to a focal plane at the side of.

Reflecting telescope. seldom faster than f/15.## Off-axis designs.There are several designs that try to avoid obstructing the incoming light by eliminating the secondary or moving any secondary element off the primary mirror's optical axis, commonly called off-axis optical systems.## Herschelian.The Herschelian reflector is named after William Herschel, who used this design to build very large telescopes including the 40-foot telescope in 1789. In the Herschelian reflector the primary mirror is tilted so the observer's head does not block the incoming light. Although this introduces geometrical aberrations, Herschel employed this design to avoid the use of a Newtonian secondary mirror since the speculum.


Question: What is the location of this building?

Instruction: Determine the Wikipedia snippet that matches the question of this image.

Hammershus. Hammershus is a medieval era fortification at Hammeren on the northern tip of the Danish island of Bornholm.The fortress was partially demolished around 1750 and is now a ruin. It was partially restored around 1900.## History.Hammershus was Scandinavia's largest medieval fortification and is one of the largest medieval fortifications in Northern Europe. It is situated in the Baltic Sea 74 (m) above sea level. The fortification was erected in the 13th century and consists of the base castle residence and features a grand tower called the "mantel" tower. Hammershus Fortress features a 750 (m) perimeter wall around the castle grounds.During.


Question: What is the location of this building?

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Mshatta Facade. The Mshatta Facade is the decorated part of the facade of the 8th-century Umayyad residential palace of Qasr Mshatta, one of the Desert Castles of Jordan, which is now installed in the south wing of the Pergamon Museum in Berlin, Germany. It is part of the permanent exhibition of the Pergamon Museum of Islamic Art dedicated to Islamic art from the 8th to the 19th centuries. This was only a relatively small section of the full length of the facade, surrounding the main entrance; most of the wall was undecorated and remains "in situ".## History.The facade belonged to the Qasr.

Mshatta Facade. in the Pergamon Museum. It was seriously damaged during the Second World War and the bombardment of Berlin. Today, it is one of the most important exhibits of the "Museum für Islamische Kunst" in the Pergamon Museum, and a key monument of early Islamic art and architecture, demonstrating early forms of the arabesque, millefleur and also animals carved in relief.There has been much discussion of the fact that the decoration on the left side of the facade contains many animals among the foliar forms, while on the right of the entranceway in the centre there are no animals. It has.

Mshatta Facade. been suggested that this is because the right-hand side was the outside wall of the mosque.Islamic architectureGrabar, Oleg "The Date and Meaning of Mshatta" Dumbarton Oaks Papers, Vol. 41, Studies on Art and Archeology in Honor of Ernst Kitzinger on His Seventy-Fifth Birthday (1987), pp. 243–247 Enderlein, Volkmar "Mshatta-A Caliphs Palace" The Pergamon Museum Information leaflet No. ISL I, Berlin, 1996The Date and Meaning of Mshatta.


Question: What is the weight of a male of this bird in kilogram?

Instruction: I want to find a paragraph from Wikipedia that answers my question about this image.

Muscovy duck. grow to 3 (kg), roughly half the males' size. The bird is predominantly black and white, with the back feathers being iridescent and glossy in males, while the females are more drab. The amount of white on the neck and head is variable, as well as the bill, which can be yellow, pink, black, or any mixture of these colors. It may have white patches or bars on the wings, which become more noticeable during flight. Both sexes have pink or red wattles around the bill, those of the male being larger and more brightly colored.Although the Muscovy duck is.

Muscovy duck. ("mute duck").## Description.All Muscovy ducks have long claws on their feet and a wide, flat tail. In the domestic drake (male), length is about 86 (cm) and weight is 4.6 - 6.8 (kg), while the domestic hen (female) is much smaller, at 64 (cm) in length and 2.7 - 3.6 (kg) in weight. Large domesticated males often weigh up to 8 (kg), and large domesticated females up to 5 (kg).The true wild Muscovy duck, from which all domestic Muscovies originated, is blackish, with large white wing patches. Length can range from 66 to 84 (cm), wingspan from 137 to 152.

Muscovy duck. and blue eyes, others a light brown crown and dark markings on their nape. They are agile and speedy precocial birds.The drake has a low breathy call, and the hen a quiet trilling coo.The karyotype of the Muscovy duck is 2n=80, consisting of three pairs of macrochromosomes, 36 pairs of microchromosomes, and a pair of sex chromosomes. The two largest macrochromosome pairs are submetacentric, while all other chromosomes are acrocentric or probably telocentric for the smallest microchromosomes. The submetacentric chromosomes and the Z (female) chromosome show rather little constitutive heterochromatin (C bands), while the W chromosomes are at least two-thirds.

Muscovy duck. (note the submerged female in the image below). Domestic Muscovy ducks can breed up to three times each year.The hen lays a clutch of 8–16 white eggs, usually in a tree hole or hollow, which are incubated for 35 days. The sitting hen will leave the nest once a day from 20 minutes to one and a half hours, and will then defecate, drink water, eat and sometimes bathe. Once the eggs begin to hatch, it may take 24 hours for all the chicks to break through their shells. When feral chicks are born, they usually stay with their mother.


Question: What is the source that produces this food?

Instruction: Retrieve a Wikipedia paragraph that provides an answer to the given query about the image.

Sunflower seed. The sunflower seed is the seed of the sunflower ("Helianthus annuus"). There are three types of commonly used sunflower seeds: linoleic (most common), high oleic, and sunflower oil seeds. Each variety has its own unique levels of monounsaturated, saturated, and polyunsaturated fats. The information in this article refers mainly to the linoleic variety.For commercial purposes, sunflower seeds are usually classified by the pattern on their husks. If the husk is solid black, the seeds are called black oil sunflower seeds. The crops may be referred to as oilseed sunflower crops. These seeds are usually pressed to extract their oil. Striped.

Sunflower seed. sunflower seeds are primarily eaten as a snack food; as a result, they may be called confectionery sunflower seeds.The term "sunflower seed" is actually a misnomer when applied to the seed in its pericarp (hull). Botanically speaking, it is a cypsela. When dehulled, the edible remainder is called the sunflower kernel or heart.## Production.In 2020, global production of sunflower seeds was 50 million tonnes, led by Russia and Ukraine with 53% of the world total combined (table). Argentina, China, and Romania also contributed significant volumes.## Usage.Sunflower seeds are more commonly eaten as a snack than as part of a meal.

Sunflower seed. They can also be used as garnishes or ingredients in various recipes. The seeds may be sold as in-shell seeds or dehulled kernels. The seeds can also be sprouted and eaten in salads.When in-shell seeds are processed, they are first dried. Afterwards, they may also be roasted or dusted with salt or flour for the preservation of flavor.Sunflower seeds sold by the bag are either eaten plain, salted (sometimes called 'plain') or with flavoring added by the manufacturer. Flavor examples include barbecue, pickle, hot sauce, bacon, ranch, and nacho cheese.In-shell, sunflower seeds are particularly popular in Mediterranean, Eastern European, and.

Sunflower seed. Asian countries where they can be bought freshly roasted and are commonly consumed as street food, the hull being cracked open with the teeth and spat out, while in many countries, they can be bought freshly packed in various roasted flavors. In the United States, they are commonly eaten by baseball players as an alternative to chewing tobacco.Mechanically dehulled kernels are sold raw or roasted and are sometimes added to bread and other baked goods for their flavor. Sunflower seed brittle is produced by embedding the kernels in hard sugar candy. In Belarus, Russia, Ukraine and Romania, roasted ground seeds.

Sunflower seed. are used to make a type of halva. Sunflower butter is similar to peanut butter, but uses sunflower seeds instead of peanuts, and is a common substitute in schools for children with nut allergies. Sunflower seeds are also used as food for pets and wild birds.## Nutrition.In a 100-gram serving, dried whole sunflower seeds provide 584 calories and are composed of 5% water, 20% carbohydrates, 51% total fat and 21% protein (table). The seeds are a rich source (20% or higher of the Daily Value, DV) of protein (42% DV), dietary fiber (36% DV), many B vitamins (23–129% DV) and.

Sunflower seed. vitamin E (234% DV). The seeds also contain high levels of dietary minerals, including magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, iron and zinc (40–94% DV).Half of a 100-gram serving is fat, mainly monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats, principally linoleic acid. Additionally, the seeds contain phytosterols which may contribute toward lower levels of blood cholesterol.## Pressed oil.Over the decades, sunflower oil has become popular worldwide. The oil may be used as is, or may be processed into polyunsaturated margarines. The oil is typically extracted by applying great pressure to the sunflower seeds and collecting the oil. The protein-rich cake remaining after the seeds have been.

Sunflower seed. processed for oil is used as livestock feed.The original sunflower oil (linoleic sunflower oil) is high in polyunsaturated fatty acids (about 68% linoleic acid) and low in saturated fats, such as palmitic acid and stearic acid. However, various hybrids have been developed to alter the fatty acid profile of the crop for various purposes.## Hulls.The hulls, or shells, mostly composed of cellulose, decompose slowly and may be burned as biomass fuel. Sunflower hulls of the cultivated sunflower ("Helianthus annuus") contain allelopathic compounds which are toxic to grasses and the vast majority of cultivated garden plants. Only a small number of.

Sunflower seed. garden plants, such as day lilies, are unaffected by the allelopathic compounds found in sunflower hulls. List of edible seeds David Sunflower Seeds.


Question: What is the main food source of this bird?

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Great spotted woodpecker. excavate nest holes, and also drum for contact and territorial advertisement; like other woodpeckers, they have anatomical adaptations to manage the physical stresses from the hammering action. This species is similar to the Syrian woodpecker.This woodpecker occurs in all types of woodlands and eats a variety of foods, being capable of extracting seeds from pine cones, insect larvae from inside trees or eggs and chicks of other birds from their nests. It breeds in holes excavated in living or dead trees, unlined apart from wood chips. The typical clutch is four to six glossy white eggs. Both parents incubate the.

Great spotted woodpecker. eggs, feed the chicks, and keep the nest clean. When the young fledge they are fed by the adults for about ten days, each parent taking responsibility for feeding part of the brood.The species is closely related to some other members of its genus. It has a number of subspecies, some of which are distinctive enough to be potential new species. It has a huge range and large population, with no widespread threats, so it is classed as a species of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).## Taxonomy.Woodpeckers are an ancient bird family consisting of.

Great spotted woodpecker. the nominate subspecies "D. m. major".The fossil subspecies "D. m. submajor" lived during the Middle Pleistocene Riss glaciation (250,000 to 300,000 years ago) when it was found in Europe south of the ice sheet. It is sometimes treated as a distinct species, but did not differ significantly from the extant great spotted woodpecker, whose European subspecies are probably its direct descendants.## Description.An adult great spotted woodpecker is 20 – 24 (cm) long, weighs 70 – 98 (g) and has a 34 – 39 (cm) wingspan. The upperparts are glossy blue-black, with white on the sides of the face and neck.

Great spotted woodpecker. were hatched, often as far as 100 – 600 (km), sometimes up to 3000 (km). Vagrants have reached the Faroe Islands, Hong Kong and Iceland, and there are several sightings from North America in at least the Aleutian Islands, Pribilof Islands and Alaska.Due to deforestation, this woodpecker was extirpated in Ireland in the seventeenth century, but the island has been naturally recolonised, with the first proven nesting in County Down in 2007. Its expansion in range is continuing, with breeding proven or suspected in at least 10 counties by 2013, with the main concentration in Down and County Wicklow. Genetic.

Great spotted woodpecker. against the shock of the impact when the bill is hammering on hard wood. The outer layer of the upper mandible is significantly longer than the more rigid lower mandible and absorbs much of the concussive force. Skeletal adaptations and strengthening also help to absorb the shock, and narrow nostrils protect against flying debris.As well as using holes for breeding, great spotted woodpeckers roost at night, and sometimes during the day, in old nest cavities, excavated by other woodpeckers. They will occasionally make a new roosting hole or use an artificial site such as a nest box.## Breeding.Great spotted woodpeckers.

Great spotted woodpecker. four to six glossy white eggs that measure 27 x 20 (mm) and weigh about 5.7 (g), of which 7% is shell. They are laid from mid-April to June, the later dates being for birds breeding in the north of the range or at altitude. The eggs are incubated by either adult during the day and by the male at night, for 10–12 days before hatching. Both birds brood and feed the altricial naked chicks and keep the nest clean. The young fledge in 20–23 days from hatching. Each parent then takes responsibility for feeding part of the brood for.

Great spotted woodpecker. about ten days, during which time they normally remain close to the nest tree.There is only one brood per year. The survival rates for adults and young are unknown, as is the average lifespan, but the maximum known age is just over 11 years.## Feeding.The great spotted woodpecker is omnivorous. It digs beetle larvae from trees and also takes many other invertebrates including adult beetles, ants and spiders. The bird also digs for Lepidoptera larvae like "Acronicta rumicis". Crustaceans, molluscs and carrion may be eaten, and bird feeders are visited for seeds, suet and domestic scraps. The nests of other.

Great spotted woodpecker. cavity-nesting birds, such as tits, may be raided for their eggs and chicks; nest boxes may be similarly attacked, holes being pecked to admit entrance by the woodpecker where necessary. House martin colonies can be destroyed in repeated visits.Fat-rich plant products such as nuts and conifer seeds are particularly important as winter food in the north of the woodpecker's range, and can then supply more than 30% of the bird's energy requirements. Other plant items consumed include buds, berries and tree sap, the latter obtained by drilling rings of holes around a tree trunk.The species feeds at all levels of.

Great spotted woodpecker. a tree, usually alone, but sometimes as a pair. It will use an "anvil" on which to hammer hard items, particularly pine, spruce, and larch cones, but also fruit, nuts, and hard-bodied insects.Easily accessible items are picked off the tree surface or from fissures in the bark, but larvae are extracted by chiselling holes up to 10 (cm) deep and trapping the soft insect with the tongue, which can extend to 40 (mm) beyond the bill, and is covered with bristles and sticky saliva to trap the prey. The woodpecker is able to extend its tongue so far because the.

Great spotted woodpecker. 73.7–110.3 million individuals, with 35% of the population in Europe. The breeding range is estimated as 57.8 (sqkm), and the population is considered overall to be large and apparently stable or slightly increasing, especially in Britain, where the population has recently overspilled into Ireland. For this reason the great spotted woodpecker is evaluated as a species of least concern by the IUCN.Breeding densities have been recorded as between 0.1–6.6 pairs/10 ha (0.04–2.7 pairs/10 acres), with the greatest densities in mature forest growing on alluvium. Numbers have increased in Europe due to the planting of forests, which provides breeding habitat, and.

Great spotted woodpecker. more available dead wood, and this species has profited from its flexibility with regard to types of woodland and its ability to thrive in proximity to humans. Harsh winters are a problem, and fragmentation of woodland can cause local difficulties. The Canary Islands populations of "D. m. canariensis" on Tenerife and "D. m. thanneri" on Gran Canaria face a potential threat from the exploitation of the local pine forests. Ageing and sexing by Javier Blasco-Zumeta & Gerd-Michael Heinze (PDF; 6.3 MB) Xeno-canto: audio recordings of the great spotted woodpecker Feathers of great spotted woodpecker ("Dendrocopos major").


Question: What is the closest parent taxonomy of this insect?

Instruction: I want to find a paragraph from Wikipedia that answers my question about this image.

Phaulacridium marginale. Phaulacridium marginale is a small species of short-horned grasshopper in the family Acrididae. It is endemic to New Zealand where it is found in low elevation open habitat throughout North Island, South Island, Stewart Island and on many smaller islands.## Distribution and habitat."Phaulacridium marginale" is widespread throughout New Zealand. It is commonly found on open lowland grassy flats and sand dunes. It is also found on the sub-alpine zone to an altitude of 1,350 (m) on the Ragged Range (). It is not uncommon on roadsides in exotic grass and in built-up areas near Wellington and Christchurch. This "Phaulacridium" genus.

Phaulacridium marginale. prefers open spaces where they are able to thermoregulate their bodies through basking (also known as sunning). This common lowland short-horned grasshopper species is also present on many of New Zealand's offshore islands. It has been reported on Little Barrier Island (Hauturu), Great Barrier Island (Aotea), and the Hen and Chicken Islands (is also likely to be on other offshore islands). It has even been found on the Chatham Islands, approximately 850km east of New Zealand.## Species description.## Morphology.The wings on "Phaulacridium marginale" are micropterous (small wings) between 1 - 3 (mm) making this species flightless like most of New.

Phaulacridium marginale. Zealand grasshoppers. However, fully winged adults (89% adults female and 11% adults male) are extremely rare and can be found throughout New Zealand. The obvious benefits of having macropterous wings is to increase survivability by escaping adverse local conditions, colonizing new areas and a more effective way to escape predators. It is not clear what causes the micropterous "P. marginale" to produce fully developed wings in New Zealand. A possible trigger for this could be if individuals are put under a large amount of stress from harmful local conditions during the final instar.Male body length 10 - 15 (mm); Female.

Phaulacridium marginale. body length 20 - 30 (mm)."Phaulacridium marginale" exhibits colour polymorphism with two basic patterns: striped and unstriped. Unstriped forms are commonly brown, whereas the striped form has white pigmented stripes with black edgings on the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the abdomen and pronotum. Intermediate forms have also been reported. Independent from patterned polymorphs, "P.marginale" also has variable body colouration ranging from brown to green tones, with green tones being less common.Male and females are sexually dimorphic in size, with females generally being larger than males.## Genus."Phaulacridium" is an Australasian genus found in Australia and New Zealand, where there are.

Phaulacridium marginale. currently five known species. Two species, "Phaulacridium crassum" and "Phaulacridium vittatum" are endemic to the Australian mainland and "Phaulacridium howeanum" occurs only on Lord Howe Island. Of the two New Zealand species, "Phaulacridium otagoense" is endemic to the South Island (Mackenzie Basin and Central Otago)."Phaulacridium marginale" is derived from an Australian lineage. It is thought to be reproductively isolated from "Phaulacridium vittatum," who is their closest Australian relative.## Predators and Parasites.Many birds and mammals eat "Phaulacridium marginale". Although it has not been reported as a dominant diet component, it has been found in the gizzards of black-billed gulls ("Larus bulleri")",.

Phaulacridium marginale. starlings ("Sturnus vulgaris")"," Australian magpies ("Gymnorhina tibicen")"," and Australasian pipits ("Anthus novaeseelandiae")"." It has also been fed to nestlings of "S.vulgaris" and house sparrows ("Passer domesticus")."Phaulacridium marginale" has also been reported in the diet of two invasive mammal species, European hedgehogs ("Erinaceus europaeus") and common brushtail possums ("Trichosurus vulpecula").It has been noted that an unknown species of parasitic horsehair worm (Nematomorpha); Gordioida) was found in one collected specimen of "Phaulacridium marginale."## Conservation status.The conservation status of "Phaulacridium marginale" is "Not Threatened" under the NZTCS. However, "Phaulacridium marginale" is hybridizing with the very restricted species "Phaulacridium otagoense" where the ranges of.

Phaulacridium marginale. these two species overlap.


Question: Who is the owner of this building?

Instruction: I want to find a paragraph from Wikipedia that answers my question about this image.

Altice Arena. Altice Arena (formerly MEO Arena; also referred to by its original name, Pavilhão Atlântico) is a multi-purpose indoor arena in Lisbon, Portugal. The arena is among the largest indoor arenas in Europe and the largest in Portugal with a capacity of 20,000 people and was built in 1998 for Expo '98.## History.Plans to build a multipurpose arena in Lisbon date back to the first discussions of the Expo '98 Master Plan. At the time, the city lacked a versatile facility able to accommodate concerts, congresses and sporting events of big scope. The existing structures, both in Lisbon and in Portugal.

Altice Arena. alike, either had limited capacity (up to 4,000 people), or were difficult to adapt to non-conventional events, such as world class indoor sports competitions. Another shortcoming of existing venues was the lack of technical infrastructure deemed necessary to host modern concerts, musicals and to allow for proper live TV coverage.The country needed an arena to fill the existing gap between smaller indoor halls, like the Lisbon Coliseum, and open-air stadia. As a consequence, Portugal would not host games of important indoor sports championships and no major concerts would take place in the country in periods of cold and rainy weather.The.

Altice Arena. decision to build the Pavilhão Atlântico within the masterplan of Expo 98 allowed the arena to have a catchment area well beyond the city of Lisbon. Being a short distance from Gare do Oriente and several major highway interchanges, allows the arena to draw spectators from all over the country.In July 2012, the arena was sold to Arena Atlântico S.A. for €21,2 million. In May 2013, Portugal Telecom acquired the naming rights to the venue, re-branding it as MEO Arena after its services brand MEO. In October 2017, following the acquisition of Portugal Telecom by Altice, the venue was renamed.

Altice Arena. Altice Arena.## Architecture.The building was designed by Portuguese architect Regino Cruz, who is the author of several government and office buildings in Brazil and in Portugal, in association with Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM). SOM has been awarded first prize in the contests for the Olympic stadiums of Manchester and Berlin, and is responsible for designing many big sporting pavilions in the US (Portland, Philadelphia, Oakland and Minneapolis). The studio is also a co-designer of the Vasco da Gama Tower, located at the northern end of the Parque das Nações in Lisbon. The shape of the Altice Arena is reminiscent.

Altice Arena. took place there and the biggest music competition in the world - Eurovision Song Contest 2018.One of the most remarkable non-sporting events to ever take place there were the MTV Europe Music Awards in 2005.## Web Summit.In September 2015, Web Summit co-founder and CEO Paddy Cosgrave announced that the event would be held in Lisbon for three consecutive editions, from 2016 to 2018. Congrave cited the local startup scene and a "cosmopolitan city with better infrastructure conditions and a larger number of hotel rooms" for the decision.The three-day event held from 7 to 10 November at the MEO Arena, site.

Altice Arena. Prime Minister António Costa.On 3 October 2018, Paddy Cosgrave and Prime Minister António Costa announced a €110 million deal for Web Summit to remain in Lisbon until 2028. The deal includes doubling the capacity of Altice Arena and the surrounding fairgrounds (Feira Internacional de Lisboa).The 2018 Web Summit, held from 5 to 8 November, is expected to draw 70,000 attendees from 170 countries, 1,800 start-ups and 1,500 investors. The speakers of 1,200 talks include Twitter co-founder and Medium CEO Evan Williams, Tim Berners-Lee, European Commissioner for Competition Margrethe Vestager, President & Chief strategy officer at Samsung Electronics Young Sohn, Lisa.

Altice Arena. Carmo, David Carreira, Mickael Carreira, Tony Carreira, Clã, D'ZRT, Da Weasel, GNR, Mariza, Rui Veloso and Xutos e Pontapés Brazilian: Diante do Trono, Luan Santana, Gusttavo Lima, Roberto Carlos, Daniela Mercury, Maria Rita, Ivete Sangalo, Sandy & Junior, Caetano Veloso and Maria Gadú## Other staged events.In 2018, Altice Arena staged the 63rd annual Eurovision Song Contest, where Netta won with her song "Toy" for Israel.## Affiliations.The Atlantic Pavilion is member of the "Associação de Turismo da Lisboa" (ATL, ) and active member of the European Arenas Association (EAA). Through these connections the Altice Arena management has establish close relationships with.


Question: What is the closest upper taxonomy of this insect?

Instruction: Retrieve a Wikipedia paragraph that provides an answer to the given query about the image.

Bombylius major. Bombylius major (commonly named the large bee-fly, the dark-edged bee-fly or the greater bee fly) is a parasitic bee mimic fly. "B. major" is the most common type of fly within the "Bombylius" genus. The fly derives its name from its close resemblance to bumblebees and are often mistaken for them."B. major" exhibits a unique flight behavior known as "yawing" and plays a role in general pollination, without preference of flower types. The fly does not bite, sting, or spread disease. However, the fly uses this mimicry of bumblebees to its own advantage, allowing close access to host solitary bee.

Bombylius major. and wasp nests in order to deposit its eggs. After hatching, the larvae find their way into the nests to parasitically feed on the grubs.## Description."B. major" is part of the family Bombyliidae, with a reported 6000species worldwide. The subfamily Bombyliinae contains approximately 1100 identified species. The genus "Bombylius" currently comprises around 450 described species."B. major" can be found from April to June throughout temperate Europe, North America and some parts of Asia, concentrated in the northern hemisphere. The species occurs across a variety of environments, from arid to moist.## Morphology.The adult body size varies from 6.3–12 mm in length.

Bombylius major. and is considered a relatively medium sized fly. The body color is dark, but is densely covered by a thick coat of lighter color hairs. The head is typically brown and black hairs, but the lower portion of the head is mostly white hairs. It has dark patches on the anterior half of the wings and long hairy legs that dangle while in flight. The dark wing span can range from 8.4–14 mm and has a dark brown edge. Their boldly patterned wings have a distinct dividing border through the horizontal middle between the dark and clear portions. Their antennae.

Bombylius major. are typically very short and pointed. Additionally, the species has long legs and a long rigid proboscis found in the front of the head, which is used to feed on the nectar of flowers. The proboscis ranges from 5.5 to 7.5 mm in length. While its wings continue to beat, its front legs grip the flower and its long rigid beak is inserted to collect the nectar. Despite its fearsome appearance, the beak is quite harmless. Males are typically smaller than females. Movement of the bee is categorized by both hovering and darting between locations. The flies also emit a.

Bombylius major. high-pitched buzz.## Mimicry.The species gets its name from its similarity in appearance to bumblebees. This mimicry is likely a defense mechanism against predators and also allows the species to get close to the nest of their hosts. However, there are several distinguishable factors. Bees have two pairs of wings, while "B. major" has only one pair. The body is more triangular shaped than the typical round oval shape of a bumblebee.## Life Cycle."B. major" is mostly seen in the spring, beginning to appear at the end of March and large numbers seen until the end of May, with the species.

Bombylius major. being sighted into June. The fly is holometabolous."B. major" has several host species, including the brood of solitary wasps and bees, particularly digging bees such as "Andrena". Egg deposition takes place by the female hovering above the entrance of a host insect nest, usually a solitary bee, and throwing down her eggs using a flicking movement. The larvae are hypermetamorphic parasitoids which then feed on the food stored, as well as the young solitary bees or wasps. If the female is unable to flick her eggs near the nest, she plants them on flowers visited by the host insects. The.

Bombylius major. developing larvae then make their way to the host nest or attach themselves to the bees or wasps to then be carried to the nest.## Egg.The parasitic eggs of "B. major" are produced in large numbers, however few will make it to the host insect burrow entrance. The female fly will dip down and coat her rear abdomen with dust that covers the eggs as they leave the female.## Larvae.Larvae live parasitically in the nests of various solitary bees and wasps. When the fly larva locates a host larva, it will consume it slowly, greatly increasing in size as it.

Bombylius major. tightly holds onto the host, eventually becoming a pupa and overwintering.## Pupae.White larvae gradually turn into a yellowish brown pupa, with distinct mouthparts, wings, antennae, and legs.## Diet.The species acts as a nectar robber; this foraging behavior allows the species to feed on floral nectar and is an essential part of adult fly diets. This is facilitated by the characterizable long proboscis of the fly, which is horizontally inserted into the flower. This occurs as the fly continues to buzz in the air, without touching either the anthers or stigma of the flower. The fly also consumes pollen as part.

Bombylius major. of its diet, with considerable differences between the sexes. Males and females visit the same range of flowers as a food source.Along with one other species, "Bombylius pygmaeus", "B. major" was observed to selectively (and almost exclusively) visit bluets at several North American sites despite the abundant presence of many other flowers. Of the other pollinators present, these flies were also the most frequent visitors to the flowers.## Female.In Russia, female "B. major" act in a narrow oligophagous manner, favoring a limited number of food sources, including pollen grains of Siberian squill ("Scilla siberica"), lesser celandine ("Ficaria verna"), and willow.

Bombylius major. ("Salix caprea") over dandelion ("Taraxacum officinale"), coltsfoot ("Tussilago farfara"), and primrose ("Primula vulgaris").## Male.In the same study, male "B. major" preferred plants similar to females, with the exception of dandelion. However, an examination of the gut showed a regularly lower amount of pollen than in females. Males consistently consume less quantities of pollen than females. Ingestion of pollen differs throughout a male life cycle, with more pollen being consumed in towards earlier stages. Overall, males had a preference for nectar and fed on significantly greater portions of nectar over pollen.## Behavior.There is continued research on the behavior of "B. major.

Bombylius major. in respect to environmental factors, mating, and human interaction.## Flight.It has been discovered that the fly is capable of a unique type of flight behavior, which was discovered with the use of a high speed camera. In this behavior, the flies are seen to rotate around a vertical axis as they fly (this action is known as “yawing”). However, it is still unknown what can cause this behavior to be triggered and what purpose it serves, but a proposed explanation includes mating habits.## Pollinator Role.The "B. major" bee-fly is a common, generalist floral pollinator, meaning that it does not give.

Bombylius major. preference to one flower over another, instead pollinating a wide variety of plant families and species. The fly uses its proboscis to carry and transfer the pollen. The species is a dominant pollinator within its community, sometimes even pollinating up to two thirds of the local flowers. In addition, "B. major" will visit and pollinate plants that attract few other species. Some types of flowers, for example "Pulmonaria officinalis," will be almost exclusively pollinated by "B. major", with other species contributing a negligible amount to that plants pollination. Some flower species, such as "Delphinium tricorne", are even specifically adapted to.

Bombylius major. the fly in terms of color, shape, and form. If given the choice, "B. major" will have a consistency in plant choice.## Flower Attraction.Long distance floral attraction is governed by optical sense, with color being the most important factor. The flies are typically more attracted to blue and violet colors, and occasionally yellow, over orange and pink. However, short distance floral attraction is based on the fly’s olfactory sense.## Activity.The fly is mostly active during day hours when the weather conditions are warm and sunny. "B. major" is attracted to sunnier places and is more likely to pollinate these areas,.

Bombylius major. with a larger average of flower visits in areas of higher amounts of sunshine. The fly will hide in the trees during the night and usually dart away from a cast shadow and occasionally hide in clean washing brought in fresh from the washing line and fly out causing unsettled behaviour in the discoverer. Photograph by Felipe vilarroya.


Question: What is the closest upper taxonomy of this insect?

Instruction: You have to find a Wikipedia segment that answers the question about the displayed image.

Leptotes cassius. Leptotes cassius, the Cassius blue or tropical striped blue, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in North America in Florida including the Keys, Texas south through the Caribbean, Mexico, and Central America to South America. Strays have been found in New Mexico, Kansas, Missouri, South Carolina, North Carolina and Virginia.The wingspan is 20–35 mm.The butterfly species has an important role in Marisha Pessl's 2006 novel "Special Topics in Calamity Physics". The protagonist, Blue van Meer, is named in honor of the Cassius blue.The caterpillars feed natively on Fabaceae. Food plants on record are "Amorpha crenulata", woolly.

Leptotes cassius. rattlepod ("Crotalaria incana"), "Galactia regularis" and lima bean ("Phaseolus lunatus"). It can also successfully develop feeding on Cape leadwort ("Plumbago auriculata") or doctorbush ("P. scandens"), which (among the eudicots) are not closely related to its usual food plants. "L. c. cassius" – Suriname "L. c. catilina" "L. c. theonus" – Florida, Cuba, Bahamas, Greater Antilles "L. c. cassidula" – Texas, Mexico, Honduras to Panama "L. c. cassioides" – Windward Islands, including Dominica and Trinidad & Tobago "L. c. striata"## Subspecies."L. c. theonus" (and consequently "L. cassius" itself) is the type species of the genus "Leptotes".Butterflies and Moths of North America.


Question: Who designed this facility?

Instruction: Determine the Wikipedia snippet that matches the question of this image.

Battersea Power Station. Battersea Power Station is a decommissioned Grade II* listed coal-fired power station, located on the south bank of the River Thames, in Nine Elms, Battersea, in the London Borough of Wandsworth. It was built by the London Power Company (LPC) to the design of Leonard Pearce, Engineer in Chief to the LPC, and CS Allott & Son Engineers. The architects were J. Theo Halliday and Giles Gilbert Scott. The station is one of the world's largest brick buildings and notable for its original, Art Deco interior fittings and decor.The building comprises two power stations, built in two stages, in a.

Battersea Power Station. day at 11 am.## Design and specification.Both of the stations were designed by a team of architects and engineers. The team was headed by Dr. Leonard Pearce, the chief engineer of the London Power Company, but a number of other notable engineers were also involved, including Henry Newmarch Allott, and T. P. O'Sullivan who was later responsible for the Assembly Hall at Filton. J. Theo Halliday was employed as architect, with Halliday & Agate Co. employed as a sub-consultant. Halliday was responsible for the supervision and execution of the appearance of the exterior and interior of the building. Architect Sir.


Question: Where do you usually find this plant?

Instruction: I want to find a paragraph from Wikipedia that answers my question about this image.

Caltha palustris. Caltha palustris, known as marsh-marigold and kingcup, is a small to medium size perennial herbaceous plant of the buttercup family, native to marshes, fens, ditches and wet woodland in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. It flowers between April and August, dependent on altitude and latitude, but occasional flowers may occur at other times.## Description."Caltha palustris" is a 10 – 80 (cm) high, hairless, fleshy, perennial, herbaceous plant that dies down in autumn and overwinters with buds near the surface of the marshy soil. The plants have many, 2 – 3 (mm) thick strongly branching roots. Its flowering stems are.

Caltha palustris. hollow, erect or more or less decumbent. The alternate true leaves are in a rosette, each of which consist of a leaf stem that is about four times as long as the kidney-shaped leaf blade, itself between 3 – 25 (cm) long and 3 – 20 (cm) wide, with a heart-shaped foot, a blunt tip, and a scalloped to toothed, sometime almost entire margin particularly towards the tip. In their youth the leaves are protected by a membranous sheath, that may be up to 3 (cm) long in fully grown plants.## Inflorescence.The common marsh-marigold mostly has several flowering stems of.

Caltha palustris. correct name.## Etymology.The generic name "Caltha" is derived from the Ancient Greek (), meaning "goblet", and is said to refer to the shape of the flower. The species epithet "palustris" is Latin for "of the marsh" and indicates its common habitat.In the UK, "Caltha palustris" is known by a variety of vernacular names, varying by geographical region. These include in addition to the most common two, marsh marigold and kingcup, also brave bassinets, crazy Beth, horse blob, Molly-blob, May blob, mare blob, boots, water boots, meadow-bright, bullflower, meadow buttercup, water buttercup, soldier's buttons, meadow cowslip, water cowslip, publican's cloak, crowfoot,.

Caltha palustris. Garden Merit), "Multiplex", "Plena", "Semiplena".## Distribution and habitat.The species is native to marshes, fens, ditches and wet woodland in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. It can be found in much of the northeastern United States.## Ecology.The marsh-marigold grows in places with oxygen-rich water near the surface of the soil. It likes richer soils, but dislikes application of fertilizer and avoids high concentrations of phosphate and ammonium, and is also shy of brackish water. It is often associated with seepage that is rich in iron, because iron ions react with phosphate, thus making it unavailable for plants. The resulting insoluble.

Caltha palustris. mineral appears as "rusty" flocs on the water soil and the surface of the stems of marsh plants. Around the edge of lakes and rivers it grows between reeds, and it can be found in black alder coppices and other regularly flooded and always moist forests. When it is present it often visually dominates when it is in bloom. It also used to be common on wet meadows, but due to agricultural rationalization it is now limited to ditches.It is a component of purple moor grass and rush pastures – a type of Biodiversity Action Plan habitat in the UK.

Caltha palustris. It occurs on poorly drained neutral and acidic soils of the lowlands and upland fringe.In western Europe, the marsh-marigold moth "Micropterix calthella" bites open the anthers of the marsh-marigold and other plants to eat the pollen. The caterpillars that are present in summer and autumn also feed on marsh-marigold, although these are sometimes found on mosses too. Another visitor of "Caltha palustris" in western Europe is the leaf beetle "Prasocuris phellandrii", which is black with four orange stripes and around ½ cm and eats the sepals. Its larvae inhabit the hollow stems of members of the parsley family. In the.

Caltha palustris. have some spongy tissue that makes them float on water, until they wash up in a location that may be suitable for this species to grow.## Diseases.The marsh-marigold is affected by the rust species "Puccinia calthea" and "P. calthicola".## Toxicity."Caltha" contains several active substances of which the most important from a toxicological point of view is protoanemonin. Larger quantities of the plant may cause convulsions, burning of the throat, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, dizziness and fainting. Contact of the skin or mucous membranes with the juices can cause blistering or inflammation, and gastric illness if ingested. Younger parts seem to contain.

Caltha palustris. and used as a spice.The common marsh marigold is planted as an ornamental throughout temperate regions in the world, and sometimes recommended for low maintenance wildlife gardens. The double-flowered cultivar 'Flore Pleno' has won the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.## Culture."Caltha palustris" is a plant commonly mentioned in literature, including Shakespeare:"Winking Marybuds begin""To open their golden eyes" ("Cymbeline", ii. 3).It also appears in Charlotte Brontë's "Shirley":"They both halted on the green brow of the Common: they looked down on the deep valley robed in May raiment; on varied meads, some pearled with daisies, and some golden with king-cups:.


Question: Which significant event was held in this place?

Instruction: Determine the Wikipedia snippet that matches the question of this image.

Blenheim Palace. 1720s. It is unique in its combined use as a family home, mausoleum and national monument. The palace is notable as the birthplace and ancestral home of Sir Winston Churchill.Following the palace's completion, it became the home of the Churchill (later Spencer-Churchill) family for the next 300 years, and various members of the family have wrought changes to the interiors, park and gardens. At the end of the 19th century, the palace was saved from ruin by funds gained from the 9th Duke of Marlborough's marriage to American railroad heiress Consuelo Vanderbilt.## Churchills.John Churchill was born in Devon. Although his.

Blenheim Palace. left (east) side of the plan on either side of the bow room "(marked "O")" can be seen a smaller but nearly identical layout of rooms, which were the suites of the Duke and Duchess themselves. Thus, the bow room corresponds exactly to the saloon in terms of its importance to the two smaller suites.Blenheim Palace was the birthplace of the 1st Duke's famous descendant, Winston Churchill, whose life and times are commemorated by a permanent exhibition in the suite of rooms in which he was born "(marked "K" on the plan)". Blenheim Palace was designed with all its principal.


Question: What is the conservation status of this animal? (The status is assigned by the international union for conservation of nature. Choose one among Endangered,Least Concern,Critically Endangered,extinct species,extinct in the wild,Vulnerable,Near Threatened,Data Deficient).

Instruction: You have to find a Wikipedia segment that answers the question about the displayed image.

Red panda. dense bamboo cover close to water sources. It is solitary and largely arboreal. It feeds mainly on bamboo shoots and leaves, but also on fruits and blossoms. Red pandas mate in early spring, with the females giving birth to litters of up to four cubs in summer. It is threatened by poaching as well as destruction and fragmentation of habitat due to deforestation. The species has been listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List since 2015. It is protected in all range countries.Community-based conservation programmes have been initiated in Nepal, Bhutan and northeastern India; in China, it benefits from.

Red panda. 2017 revealed only one in Yunnan offered hats made of red panda skins, and red panda tails were offered in an online forum.## Conservation.The red panda is listed in CITES Appendix I and protected in all range countries; hunting is illegal. It has been listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List since 2008 because the global population is estimated at 10,000 individuals, with a decreasing population trend. A large extent of its habitat is part of protected areas.A red panda anti-poaching unit and community-based monitoring have been established in Langtang National Park. Members of Community Forest User Groups also.

Red panda. sent to other zoos; by 1969, about 250 red pandas had been exhibited in zoos. The Taronga Conservation Society started keeping red pandas in 1977.In 1978, a breed registry, the "International Red Panda Studbook", was set up, followed by the Red Panda European Endangered Species Programme in 1985. Members of international zoos ratified a global master plan for the captive breeding of the red panda in 1993. By late 2015, 219 red pandas lived in 42 zoos in Japan. The Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park participates in the Red Panda Species Survival Plan and kept about 25 red pandas by.


Question: What is this animal named after?

Instruction: Retrieve a Wikipedia paragraph that provides an answer to the given query about the image.

Catfish. Catfish (or catfishes; order Siluriformes or Nematognathi) are a diverse group of ray-finned fish. Named for their prominent barbels, which resemble a cat's whiskers, catfish range in size and behavior from the three largest species alive, the Mekong giant catfish from Southeast Asia, the wels catfish of Eurasia, and the piraíba of South America, to detritivores (species that eat dead material on the bottom), and even to a tiny parasitic species commonly called the candiru, "Vandellia cirrhosa". Neither the armour-plated types nor the naked types have scales. Despite their name, not all catfish have prominent barbels or "whiskers". Members of.

Catfish. spines. Due to these constraints, some fish may not even be able to produce a specific sound. In several different species of catfish, aggressive sound production occurs during cover site defense or during threats from other fish. More specifically, in long-whiskered catfish, drumming sounds are used as a threatening signal and stridulations are used as a defense signal. Kaatz investigated 83 species from 14 families of catfish, and determined that catfish produce more stridulatory sounds in disturbance situations and more swimbladder sounds in intraspecific conflicts.## Economic importance.## Aquaculture.Catfish are easy to farm in warm climates, leading to inexpensive and safe.

Catfish. found in the aquarium trade are banjo catfish, talking catfish, and long-whiskered catfish.## Catfish as food.Catfish have widely been caught and farmed for food for hundreds of years in Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America. Judgments as to the quality and flavor vary, with some food critics considering catfish excellent to eat, while others dismiss them as watery and lacking in flavor. Catfish is high in vitamin D. Farm-raised catfish contains low levels of omega-3 fatty acids and a much higher proportion of omega-6 fatty acids.In Central Europe, catfish were often viewed as a delicacy to be enjoyed on feast.


Question: What is the closest parent taxonomy of this bird?

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Heron. done. However, the position of some genera (e.g. "Butorides" or "Syrigma") is unclear at the moment, and molecular studies have until now suffered from a small number of studied taxa. Especially, the relationships among the subfamily Ardeinae are very badly resolved. The arrangement presented here should be considered provisional.A 2008 study suggests that this family belongs to the Pelecaniformes. In response to these findings, the International Ornithological Congress recently reclassified Ardeidae and their sister taxa Threskiornithidae under the order Pelecaniformes instead of the previous order of Ciconiiformes. Subfamily Tigriornithinae Genus "Cochlearius" – boat-billed heron Genus "Taphophoyx" (fossil, Late Miocene of.


Question: What is the closest parent taxonomy of this plant?

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Taraxia ovata. Taraxia ovata is a species of wildflower native to California and Oregon known by the common name goldeneggs or sun cup.## Description.This is a fleshy, taprooted perennial which often grows in clay soil. It has a wide rosette of long, alternate, feather-shaped or oval leaves which sometimes have wavy edges.The flowers grow atop thin erect stems and are usually yellow and occasionally white, or yellow with white spots near the bases of the four spoon-shaped petals. The stamens are short compared to "Camissonia".## Distribution.Among areas of occurrence are the North Coast Range of California up to elevations of 1600 feet,.

Taraxia ovata. including Sonoma and Marin County, extending south to San Luis Obispo County.Calflora: "Taraxia ovata""Jepson Manual Treatment" (1993) University of CaliforniaPhoto gallery.


Question: Which historic county does this island belong to?

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Sumburgh Head. Sumburgh Head is a headland located at the southern tip of the Shetland Mainland in northern Scotland. The head consists of a 100 m high rocky spur and topped by the Sumburgh Head Lighthouse. In the Old Norse language, Sumburgh Head was called "Dunrøstar høfdi", it means "The Head onto the loud tide-race", referring to the noise of Sumburgh Roost. Robert Stevenson was the engineer in charge of building the Sumburgh Head lighthouse. Work started on the building in 1819, and the light was first lit in 1821.## Local ecology.The area is now recognized as a nature reserve by the.

Sumburgh Head. Royal Society for the Protection of Birds. The cliffs are home to large numbers of seabirds with 33,000 puffins being estimated in the year 2000. These numbers have declined sharply: for example only 570 of the birds were counted in 2017. The decline in Puffin numbers also appears to apply to other species native to Sumburgh Head. In as birds, Sumburgh Head has become a popular viewing point for whales and dolphins.## Nearby locations.Sumburgh Airport, which takes its name from the head, lies immediately to the north, and serves as the main airport for the Shetland Islands. Flights from here.

Sumburgh Head. connect to mainland Scotland, the Orkney Islands and Norway. Also close to the Sumburgh Head is the archaeological site of Jarlshof, at which a series of settlements existed dating back to the neolithic period. The tiny settlement of Grutness, which is the terminus of the Shetland Mainland to Fair Isle ferry service, lies 1 (mi) north of Sumburgh Head. Images from around Sumburgh.


Question: What is the source that produces this material?

Instruction: I want to find a paragraph from Wikipedia that answers my question about this image.

Tortoiseshell. Tortoiseshell or tortoise shell is a material produced from the shells of the larger species of tortoise and turtle, mainly the hawksbill sea turtle, which is a critically endangered species according to the IUCN Red List largely because of its exploitation for this trade. The large size, fine color, and unusual form of the hawksbill's scutes make it especially suitable. The distinctive patterning is referred to in names such as the tortoiseshell cat, several breeds of guinea pig, and the common names of several species of the butterfly genera "Nymphalis" and "Aglais", and some other uses.## Uses.Tortoiseshell was widely used.


Question: What is the closest upper taxonomy of this plant?

Instruction: You have to find a Wikipedia segment that answers the question about the displayed image.

Oenothera lindheimeri. Oenothera lindheimeri, commonly known as Lindheimer's beeblossom, white gaura, pink gaura, Lindheimer's clockweed, and Indian feather, is a species of "Oenothera".The perennial plant is native to southern Louisiana and Texas. The specific epithet is after Ferdinand Jacob Lindheimer, a German-born botanist who collected extensively in Texas for Harvard University professor Asa Gray.## Description."Oenothera lindheimeri" is a perennial herbaceous plant growing to 50 (to(-)) tall, with densely clustered branched stems growing from an underground rhizome. The leaves are finely hairy, lanceolate, 1 (to(-)) long and 1 (to(-)) broad, with a coarsely toothed margin.The flowers are produced on a 10 (to(-)) inflorescence;.

Oenothera lindheimeri. they are pink or white, 2 (to(-)) in diameter, with four petals 10 (to(-)) long and long hairlike stamens, and are produced from the beginning of spring until the first frost.## Cultivation."Oenothera lindheimeri" is commonly grown as an ornamental plant. It is used in either garden beds or pots for accent colour and a delicate texture. It grows best in full sun and can survive lengthy periods of drought.Several cultivars have been selected for varying flower color, from nearly pure white in 'Whirling Butterflies' to darker pink in 'Cherry Brandy' and 'Siskiyou Pink'. In some, the petals are white at.

Oenothera lindheimeri. dawn then turning pink before falling off at dusk.Although a perennial rated USDA Zone 5(6)-9 for hardiness it may not overwinter reliably, and is often treated as an annual outside its native areas. In colder climates a heavy winter mulch is necessary.This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.## Etymology."Gaura": Derived from Greek "(gaûros)" meaning "superb". Named in reference to the stature and floral display of some species in this genus."Lindheimeri": Named for Ferdinand Lindheimer (1801–79), who discovered the plant "Lindheimera texana".Floridata: Gaura lindheimeriMissouri Botanical Garden: Gaura lindheimeri.