Question: What is the source of energy of this equipment?

Instruction: Determine the Wikipedia snippet that matches the question of this image.

Chainsaw. A chainsaw (or chain saw) is a portable gasoline-, electric-, or battery-powered saw that cuts with a set of teeth attached to a rotating chain driven along a guide bar. It is used in activities such as tree felling, limbing, bucking, pruning, cutting firebreaks in wildland fire suppression, and harvesting of firewood. Chainsaws with specially designed bar-and-chain combinations have been developed as tools for use in chainsaw art and chainsaw mills. Specialized chainsaws are used for cutting concrete during construction developments. Chainsaws are sometimes used for cutting ice; for example, ice sculpture and winter swimming in Finland.## History.## In surgery.The.

Chainsaw. to Samuel J. Bens of San Francisco on January 17, 1905, his intent being to fell giant redwoods. The first portable chainsaw was developed and patented in 1918 by Canadian millwright James Shand. After he allowed his rights to lapse in 1930, his invention was further developed by what became the German company Festo in 1933. The company, now operating as Festool, produces portable power tools. Other important contributors to the modern chainsaw are Joseph Buford Cox and Andreas Stihl; the latter patented and developed an electric chainsaw for use on bucking sites in 1926 and a gasoline-powered chainsaw in.

Chainsaw. 1929, and founded a company to mass-produce them. In 1927, Emil Lerp, the founder of Dolmar, developed the world's first gasoline-powered chainsaw and mass-produced them.World War II interrupted the supply of German chain saws to North America, so new manufacturers sprang up, including Industrial Engineering Ltd (IEL) in 1939, the forerunner of Pioneer Saws Ltd and part of Outboard Marine Corporation, the oldest manufacturer of chainsaws in North America.In 1944, Claude Poulan was supervising German prisoners cutting pulpwood in East Texas. Poulan utilized an old truck fender and fashioned it into a curved piece utilized to guide the chain. The.

Chainsaw. man-powered saws in forestry. They are made in many sizes, from small electric saws intended for home and garden use, to large "lumberjack" saws. Members of military engineer units are trained to use chainsaws, as are firefighters to fight forest fires and to ventilate structure fires.Three main types of chainsaw sharpeners are used: handheld file, electric chainsaw, and bar-mounted.The first electric chainsaw was invented by Stihl in 1926. Corded chainsaws became available for sale to the public from the 1960s onwards, but these were never as successful commercially as the older gas-powered type due to limited range, dependency upon the.

Chainsaw. presence of an electrical socket, plus the health and safety risk of the blade's proximity to the cable.For most of the early 21st century petrol driven chainsaws remained the most common type, but they faced competition from cordless lithium battery powered chainsaws from the late 2010s onwards. Although most cordless chainsaws are small and suitable only for hedge trimming and tree surgery, Husqvarna and Stihl began manufacturing full size chainsaws for cutting logs during the early 2020s. Battery powered chainsaws should eventually see increased market share in California due to state restrictions planned to take effect in 2024 on gas.

Chainsaw. powered gardening equipment.## Construction.A chainsaw consists of several parts:## Engine.Chainsaw engines are traditionally either a two-stroke gasoline (petrol) internal combustion engine (usually with a cylinder volume of 30 to 120 cm3) or an electric motor driven by a battery or electric power cord. In a petrol chainsaw, fuel is generally supplied to the engine by a carburetor at the intake.To allow use in any orientation, modern gas chainsaws use a diaphragm carburetor, which draws fuel from the tank using the alternating pressure differential within the crankcase. Early engines used carburetors with gravity fed float chambers, which caused the engine to.

Chainsaw. the garment.## Maintenance.Two-stroke chainsaws require about 2–5% of oil in the fuel to lubricate the engine, while the motor in electrical chain-saws is normally lubricated for life. Most modern gasoline-operated saws today require a fuel mix of 2% (1:50). Gasoline that contains ethanol can result in problems for the equipment because ethanol dissolves plastic, rubber, and other material. This leads to problems, especially on older equipment. A workaround for this problem is to run fresh fuel only and run the saw dry at the end of the work.Separate chain oil or bar oil is used for the lubrication of the.

Chainsaw. or steel spring was introduced. Heated handles are additional help. Newer, lighter, and easier to wield cordless electric chainsaws use brushless motors, which further decrease noise and vibration compared to traditional petroleum-powered models.The risks associated with chainsaw use mean that protective clothing such as chainsaw boots, chaps, and hearing protectors are normally worn while operating them, and many jurisdictions require that operators be certified or licensed to work with chainsaws. Injury can also result if the chain breaks during operation due to poor maintenance or attempting to cut inappropriate materials.Gasoline-powered chainsaws expose operators to harmful carbon monoxide gas, especially indoors.

Chainsaw. to cut bulk wood into planks or boards. Such usage is called a chainsaw mill or Alaskan sawmill.## Cutting stone, concrete, and brick.Special chainsaws can cut concrete, brick, and natural stone. These use similar chains to ordinary chainsaws, but with cutting edges embedded with diamond grit. They may use gasoline or hydraulic power, and the chain is lubricated with water, because of high friction and to remove stone dust. The machine is used in construction, for example, in cutting deep, square holes in walls or floors, in stone sculpture for removing large chunks of stone during pre-carving, by fire departments.


Question: What is the length in metre is the building in the image?

Instruction: Determine the Wikipedia snippet that matches the question of this image.

Preobrazhensky Metro Bridge. Preobrazhenskiy Metro Bridge is the shortest (330 metres) of four rail bridges in Moscow, Russia. It is located in the Eastern Administrative Okrug of the city. It spans over Yauza River and is a part of the Sokolnicheskaya Line of Moscow Metro. It connects the stations Preobrazhenskaya Ploshchad and Sokolniki.Metro Bridge was opened on 31 December 1965 together with the Preobrazhenskaya Ploshchad metro station. Preobrazhenskiy Metro Bridge at metromost.com.


Question: What is the closest parent taxonomy of this insect?

Instruction: Determine the Wikipedia snippet that matches the question of this image.

Ascalapha odorata. The erebid moth Ascalapha odorata, commonly known as the black witch, is a large bat-shaped, dark-colored nocturnal moth, normally ranging from the southern United States to Brazil. "Ascalapha odorata" is also migratory into Canada and most states of United States. It is the largest noctuoid in the continental United States. In the folklore of many Central American cultures, it is associated with death or misfortune.## Physical description.Female moths can attain a wingspan of 24 cm. The dorsal surfaces of their wings are mottled brown with hints of iridescent purple and pink, and, in females, crossed by a white bar. The.

Ascalapha odorata. diagnostic marking is a small spot on each forewing shaped like a number nine or a comma. This spot is often green with orange highlights. Males are somewhat smaller, reaching 12 cm in width, darker in color and lacking the white bar crossing the wings. The larva is a large caterpillar up to 7 cm in length with intricate patterns of black and greenish-brown spots and stripes.## Geographical range.The black witch lives from the southern United States, Mexico and Central America to Brazil, and has apparently been introduced to Hawaii.Adults feed on overripe rainforest fruit, especially bananas, and larvae consume.

Ascalapha odorata. the leaves of plants. Most of its host plants are legumes. It favors "Acacia" species, Kentucky coffeetree ("Gymnocladus dioicus"), and candle bush ("Senna alata"). It attacks mesquite and ficus, and can be an agricultural pest.The black witch flies north during late spring and summer. One was caught during an owl banding project at the Whitefish Point lighthouse on the shoreline of Lake Superior in July 2020.## Folklore and mythology.The black witch is considered a harbinger of death in Mexican and Caribbean folklore. In many cultures, one of these moths flying into the house is considered bad luck: e.g., in Mexico,.

Ascalapha odorata. when there is sickness in a house and this moth enters, it is believed the sick person will die, though a variation on this theme (in the lower Rio Grande Valley, Texas) is that death only occurs if the moth flies in and visits all four corners of one's house (in Mesoamerica, from the pre-Hispanic era until the present time, moths have been associated with death and the number four). In some parts of Mexico, people joke that if one flies over someone's head, the person will lose his hair.In Jamaica, under the name "duppy bat", the black witch is.

Ascalapha odorata. seen as the embodiment of a lost soul or a soul not at rest. In Jamaican English, the word "duppy" is associated with malevolent spirits returning to inflict harm upon the living and "bat" refers to anything other than a bird that flies. The word "duppy" (also: "duppie") is also used in other West Indian countries, generally meaning "ghost".In Brazil it is called "mariposa-bruxa", "mariposa-negra", "bruxa-negra", and "bruxa, and it is also believed that when a moth of this type enters the house it can bring some “bad omen”, signaling the death of a resident. In the Ecuadorian highlands they.

Ascalapha odorata. are called Tandacuchi and in Peru Taparacuy or Taparaco. These countries share the belief that if this moth, a messenger of death, appears in your home, someone will die very soon.In Hawaii, black witch mythology, though associated with death, has a happier note in that if a loved one has just died, the moth is an embodiment of the person's soul returning to say goodbye. In the Bahamas, where they are locally known as money moths or money bats, the legend is that if they land on you, you will come into money, and similarly, in South Texas, if a.

Ascalapha odorata. black witch lands above your door and stays there for a while, you will supposedly win the lottery.In Paraguay and Argentina, this insect is mostly known as "ura", and there is a popular belief that this moth urinates and leaves worms on the skin of people and animals. However, the insect that lays eggs in the skin and whose larvae become embedded in the flesh is the colmoyote or screwworm ("Dermatobia hominis").In Spanish, the black witch is known as "mariposa de la muerte" (Mexico and Costa Rica), "pirpinto de la yeta" (Argentina), "tara bruja" (Venezuela) or simply "mariposa negra" (Colombia);.

Ascalapha odorata. in Nahuatl (Mexico) it is "Miquipapalotl" or "Tepanpapalotl" ("miqui" = death, black + "papalotl" = moth); in Quechua (Peru) it is "Taparaco"; in Mayan (Yucatán) it is "X-mahan-nah" ("mahan" = to borrow + "nah" = house). Other names for the moth include the papillion-devil, la sorcière noire, the mourning moth or the sorrow moth.## In popular culture.Black witch moth pupae were placed in the mouths of victims of serial killer 'Buffalo Bill' in the novel "The Silence of the Lambs". In the movie adaptation, they were replaced by death's-head hawkmoth pupae. "Thysania agrippina" – white witch "Thysania zenobia" – owl.


Question: Who is the owner of this building?

Instruction: You have to find a Wikipedia segment that answers the question about the displayed image.

30 St Mary Axe. loan and the British pound, high interest rates and general financing structure. In November 2014, the Gherkin was purchased for £700 million by the Safra Group, controlled by the Brazilian billionaire Joseph Safra. Landmarks of London Diagrid List of tallest buildings and structures in London Mathematics and architecture Phallic architecture, a list of similarly shaped buildings that includes 30 St Mary Axe Norman Foster's site about the project.


Question: What is the closest upper taxonomy of this plant?

Instruction: You have to find a Wikipedia segment that answers the question about the displayed image.

Cylindropuntia prolifera. Cylindropuntia prolifera, known by the common name Coastal cholla, is a species of cactus.## Description."Cylindropuntia prolifera" is a mostly erect, treelike cactus which can approach 3 meters in maximum height. The gray-green segments are narrow and cylindrical, surfaced in fleshy tubercles bearing many brown or reddish spines up to 2 centimeters long. The flowers are reddish purple and often borne on the fruits of previous seasons. Fruits grow in chains of up to 5 and are green in color.## Distribution."Cylindropuntia prolifera" is native to Southern California and Baja California, where it grows in coastal sage scrub, chaparral, and beach and.

Cylindropuntia prolifera. bluff habitat. It occurs from Santa Barbara County south.California coastal sage and chaparral - ("subecoregion")"Cylindropuntia prolifera" photo gallery at Cholla WebJepson Manual Treatment - "Cylindropuntia prolifera"USDA Plants Profile: Cylindropuntia proliferaFlora of North America.


Question: What is the closest upper taxonomy of this plant?

Instruction: You have to find a Wikipedia segment that answers the question about the displayed image.

Croton capitatus. Croton capitatus, known as the hogwort or woolly croton or goatweed, is an annual plant with erect, branched stems, densely covered with light brown, wooly hairs that give it a whitish appearance. It grows in dry, open areas, especially sandy and rocky soils. It is distributed across the southern United States, and elsewhere.Hogwort contains croton oil, a powerful laxative.## In fiction.British author J. K. Rowling did not deliberately name the Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry from her "Harry Potter" series of books after the hogwort. It was only after the books were published, when a friend reminded her of.

Croton capitatus. seeing the plant in the Kew Gardens many years beforehand, that Rowling speculated that the name had remained in her subconscious ever since.List of Croton speciesNoble Foundation Hogwort pageUvalde Research and Extension Center page on the Hogwort.


Question: Which city or region does this place locate in?

Instruction: I want to find a paragraph from Wikipedia that answers my question about this image.

Deutsches Eck. Deutsches Eck (, "German Corner") is the name of a promontory in Koblenz, Germany, where the Mosel river joins the Rhine. Named after a local commandry of the Teutonic Order ("Teutonischer Orden"), it became known for a monumental equestrian statue of William I, first German Emperor, erected in 1897 in appreciation of his role in the unification of Germany. One of many Emperor William monuments raised in the Prussian Rhine Province, it was destroyed in World War II and only the plinth was preserved as a memorial. Following German reunification, a replica of the statue was erected on the pedestal.

Deutsches Eck. after controversial discussions in 1993. It is today a Koblenz monument and a popular tourist attraction.## History.The Teutonic Knights were called to Koblenz by the archbishop of Trier, Theoderich von Wied, in 1216 and vested with the estates around the Basilica of St. Castor located directly at the confluence of Mosel and Rhine. Serving mainly in nursing care, the knights soon after established a commandry ("Deutschordenskommende") here, which became the administrative seat of the Koblenz bailiwick directly subordinate to the Grand Master. The premises centred on the "Deutschherrenhaus" building were erected from 1279 onwards and became known as the "Deutsches.

Deutsches Eck. Eck".In about 1600, the Koblenz commander moved his seat further down the Rhine to Cologne. In 1794 the Left Bank of the Rhine was conquered by French revolutionary troops and the ecclesiastical estates secularised from 1802 onwards. The Order's premises were refurbished as part of the Prussian Koblenz Fortress. Later in the 19th century, the area was linked by a pier with a downstream sandbank creating the present-day promontory.## Imperial iconography.After the death of Emperor William I in 1888, his grandson William II wished to spark a nationalist cult around the "founder of the German Reich". In the following years.

Deutsches Eck. the privately funded Kyffhäuser Monument was erected and an Emperor William Monument was inaugurated in Porta Westfalica, both designed by the Leipzig architect Bruno Schmitz. Several other cities had also applied as installation sites and in 1891 William II decided upon the confluence of the Rhine and Mosel rivers at Koblenz. After further landfills at the site and a large-scale collection campaign, the official "Emperor William Monument of the Rhine Province" was erected and solemnly inaugurated in the presence of the emperor on 31 August 1897. Bruno Schmitz again had drawn up the plans for a giant, over 37 (m).

Deutsches Eck. high monument installed at the tip of the "Deutsches Eck", bearing an inscription quoting a verse by the Koblenz poet Max von Schenkendorf: "Nimmer wird das Reich zerstöret, wenn ihr einig seid und treu" ("Never will the Empire be destroyed, so long as you are united and loyal"). Another inscription could be found at the statue dedicating it to "Wilhelm der Große" ("William the Great"). The equestrian statue itself, 14 (m) in height, presented William I in a general's uniform, reminiscent of the Prussian victories in the "German Wars of Unification". His horse is roped by a winged female genius.

Deutsches Eck. Mosel collapsed under the weight of the crowds.## Demolition.While the inner city of Koblenz was hit hard by Allied strategic bombing during World War II, the "Deutsches Eck" remained largely unscathed. On 16 March 1945, however, the statue was badly damaged by an American artillery shell. The Third US Army 87th Artillery unit led by Sergeant Loyd Watson fired upon it after the forward observer saw a German soldier depart from it. They assumed it was a base of operations and it was hit after three attempts. Soon afterwards it was completely taken down. The French military government planned to.

Deutsches Eck. of the site, any decision to reinstall a statue of Wilhelm I rested with the government of the Rhineland-Palatinate. However, the state government transferred its rights to the city of Koblenz. When , a former newspaper publisher from Koblenz, and his wife Anneliese, announced that they would bear all costs for a reconstruction of the statue, the decision was made to proceed with it.The Düsseldorf sculptor, Raymond Kittl, was commissioned to produce a replica of the original sculpture and the remodelled statue was created from durable bronze cast unlike the original which had been made from copper plates. In May.

Deutsches Eck. 1992, the parts of the statue were brought to Koblenz on board the MS Futura. The assembly work was completed at the port and on 2 September 1993 a mobile lattice boom crane lifted the statue onto the base. The installation took place on Sedan Day, which although no longer officially recognized, was the day on which the German victory in the Battle of Sedan was commemorated. On 25 September 1993, the new statue was inaugurated.Today, a big national flag and the flags of the 16 "Länder" are flying at the German Corner as a reminder of German unity. In.


Question: What is the closest upper taxonomy of this plant?

Instruction: Retrieve a Wikipedia paragraph that provides an answer to the given query about the image.

Vicia faba. Vicia faba, also known in the culinary sense as the broad bean, fava bean, or faba bean, is a species of vetch, a flowering plant in the pea and bean family Fabaceae. It is widely cultivated as a crop for human consumption, and also as a cover crop. Varieties with smaller, harder seeds that are fed to horses or other animals are called field bean, tic bean or tick bean. Horse bean, "Vicia faba" var. "equina" is a variety recognized as an accepted name. This legume is very common in Southern European, Northern European, East Asian, Latin American and North.

Vicia faba. African cuisines.Some people suffer from favism, a hemolytic response to the consumption of broad beans, a condition linked to a metabolism disorder known as G6PDD. Otherwise the beans, with the outer seed coat removed, can be eaten raw or cooked. In young plants, the outer seed coat can be eaten, and in very young plants, the seed pod can be eaten.## Description."Vicia faba" is a stiffly erect, annual plant 0.5 to 1.8 (m) tall, with two to four stems that are square in cross-section. The leaves are 10 to 25 (cm) long, pinnate with 2–7 leaflets, and glaucous (grey-green). Unlike.

Vicia faba. most other vetches, the leaves do not have tendrils for climbing over other vegetation.The flowers are 1 to 2.5 (cm) long with five petals; the standard petals are white, the wing petals are white with a black spot (true black, not deep purple or blue as is the case in many "black" colorings) and the keel petals are white. Crimson-flowered broad beans also exist, which were recently saved from extinction. The flowers have a strong sweet scent which is attractive to bees and other pollinators.The fruit is a broad, leathery pod that is green, but matures to a dark blackish-brown,.

Vicia faba. with a densely downy surface; the wild species has pods that are 5 to 10 (cm) long and 1 cm diameter, but many modern cultivars developed for food use have pods 15 to 25 (cm) long and 2–3 cm thick. Each bean pod contains 3–8 seeds. They are round to oval and have a 5–10 mm diameter in the wild plant, but are usually flattened and up to 20–25 mm long, 15 mm broad and 5–10 mm thick in food cultivars. "V. faba" has a diploid (2n) chromosome number of 12 (six homologous pairs). Five pairs are acrocentric chromosomes and.

Vicia faba. one pair is metacentric.## History and cultivation.Broad beans have a long tradition of cultivation in Old World agriculture, being among the most ancient plants in cultivation and also among the easiest to grow. Along with lentils, peas, and chickpeas, they are believed to have become part of the eastern Mediterranean diet around 6000 BCE or earlier. However, their wild ancestor has not been identified and their origin is unknown. They are still often grown as a cover crop to prevent erosion because they can overwinter and, as a legume, they fix nitrogen in the soil. Large numbers of fava bean.

Vicia faba. remains from the third millennium BCE appear in archaeological sites in the Mediterranean Basin and Central Asia.The broad bean has high plant hardiness; it can withstand harsh and cold climates. Unlike most legumes, the broad bean can be grown in soils with high salinity, as well as in clay soil. However, it prefers rich loams.In much of the English-speaking world, the name "broad bean" is used for the large-seeded cultivars grown for human food, while "horse bean" and "field bean" refer to cultivars with smaller, harder seeds that are more like the wild species and used for animal feed, though.

Vicia faba. their stronger flavour is preferred in some human food recipes, such as falafel. The term "fava bean" (from for the bean) is used in some English-speaking countries such as the US, but "broad bean" is the most common name in Commonwealth countries like the UK, Australia and New Zealand.## Pests and diseases.Many diseases appear at a higher rate in higher humidity. Therefore, cultivars being bred for higher density should be evaluated for disease problems. This can be mitigated by west–east rows for more sun drying effect.Disease tolerance is an important part of breeding "V. faba".If transplanted instead of direct seeded.

Vicia faba. there is a lower risk of some diseases including "Botrytis fabae" (see "Botrytis fabae").## Parasites.In mainland Europe and North Africa, the plant parasite "Orobanche crenata" (carnation-scented broomrape) can cause severe impacts on fields of broad beans, devastating their yields.## Fungal diseases.## "Botrytis fabae".Beans are attacked by chocolate spot fungus, which can have a severe impact on yield."Botrytis fabae" is one of the worst diseases in "V. faba". Foliar damage, reduced photosynthesis, reduced bean productivity. "B. fabae" switches from non-aggressive growth to aggressive pathogenicity under the combination of increased temperature and humidity, and this is worsened by low soil K and.

Vicia faba. P, and by the higher humidity caused by higher seeding rates. The non-aggressive phase is marked by small red-brown leaf lesions, and sometimes the same on stems and pods. Treatment is less effective than prevention. Early planting avoids the problematic combination of high temperature and humidity in late spring into early summer. Decreasing seeding rate or thinning after emergence is also effective. Foliar fungicide is effective. If "V. faba" flowers during the heights of summer temperatures there is an increased risk of this disease. If transplanted instead of direct seeded there is a lower risk of "B. fabae".## "Erysiphe cichoracearum"."Erysiphe.

Vicia faba. cichoracearum" overwinters on residue and has alternate hosts. Resistant cultivars and overhead irrigation are preventative. Sulfur fungicides are recommended in severe outbreak.## "Fusarium solani".This soil borne pathogen is mitigated by lower temperature, aeration, drainage, and sufficient nutrition. Symptoms include stunting, yellowing, necrotic basal leaves, and brown or red or black streak-shaped root lesions that growth together and may show above the soil as the disease progresses.## "Uromyces viciae-fabae" var. "viciae-fabae".Faba bean rust is a fungal pathogen commonly affecting broad bean plants at maturity, causing small orange dots with yellow halos on the leaves, which may merge to form an orange.

Vicia faba. lawn on both leaf surfaces.## "Sclerotinia" stem rot.Both "Sclerotinia sclerotiorum" and "S. trifoliorum" are pathogens of interest. Lithourgidis et al have done extensive work over the years, including in 2007 for "S. t.", 2005 for "S. s.", and 1989 regarding procedures for field testing with "S. s."## Bacterial diseases.## "Xanthomonas campestris" and "X. axonopodis"."Xanthomonas campestris" and "X. axonopodis" can be inoculated by seed contamination and by overwintering in crop residue. Increased incidence with higher temperatures, rainfall, and humidity. Produces deliquescent, necrotic lesions, sometimes with a wider yellow lesion around them, and in advanced disease the plant will look burned. Can.

Vicia faba. be prevented or treated by use of uninfected seed, resistant cultivars, seed treatments, and copper bactericides.## "Pseudomonas syringae"."Pseudomonas syringae" overwinters on residue. Uninfected seed, rotation, and removal of residue are preventative.## Viral diseases."Faba bean necrotic yellows virus" which it shares with other "Vicia". Timchenko et al 2006 find Clink is not obviously necessary but highly conserved nonetheless, suggesting it is maintained by necessity for infection of other "Vicia".## Insect pests.## "Aphis fabae".Broad bean plants are highly susceptible to early summer infestations of the black bean aphid, which can cover large sections of growing plants with infestations, typically starting at the.

Vicia faba. tip of the plant. Severe infestations can significantly reduce yields, and can also cause discolouration of pods and reduction in their saleable values."Aphis fabae" is a major pest. May infest transplants. Reflective plastic mulch may be preventative. May be mechanically removed by high pressure water once plant is established. "V. fabae" is tolerant to low and medium degrees of infestation, so insecticide application is only required under high infestation.## Nutrition.Raw mature fava beans are 11% water, 58% carbohydrates, 26% protein, and 2% fat. A 100-gram reference amount supplies 1425 (kJ) of food energy and numerous essential nutrients in high content.

Vicia faba. (20% or more of the Daily Value, DV). Folate (106% DV), and dietary minerals, such as manganese, phosphorus, magnesium, and iron (range of 52 to 77% DV), have considerable content. B vitamins have moderate to rich content (19 to 48% DV). Fava beans present the highest protein-to-carbohydrate ratio among other popular pulse crops, such as chickpea, pea and lentil. Moreover, their consumption is recommended along with cereals as both foods are complementary in supplying all essential amino acids.## Health concerns.## Toxicity.Beans generally contain phytohaemagglutinin, a lectin that occurs naturally in plants, animals, and humans. Most of the relatively low toxin.

Vicia faba. concentrations found in "V. faba" can be destroyed by boiling the beans for 10 minutes.Broad beans are rich in levodopa, and should thus be avoided by those taking irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitors to prevent a pressor response.## Genetic predisposition.Sufferers of favism must avoid broad beans, as they contain the alkaloid glycoside vicine which may initiate a hemolytic crisis. A low-content vicine-convicine faba bean line was identified in the 1980s and the trait has been introduced into several modern cultivars. Low vicine-convicine faba beans are safe for consumption by G6PD-deficient individuals. As of 2019, a molecular marker may be used for.

Vicia faba. marker-assisted breeding to reduce levels of vicine-convicine in fava beans.## Culinary uses.Broad beans are generally eaten while still young and tender, enabling harvesting to begin as early as the middle of spring for plants started under glass or overwintered in a protected location, but even the main crop sown in early spring will be ready from mid to late summer. Horse beans, left to mature fully, are usually harvested in the late autumn, and are then eaten as a pulse. The immature pods are also cooked and eaten, and the young leaves of the plant can also be eaten, either.

Vicia faba. raw or cooked as a pot herb (like spinach).Preparing broad beans involves first removing the beans from their pods, then steaming or boiling the beans, either whole or after parboiling them to loosen their exterior coating, which is then removed. The beans can be fried, causing the skin to split open, and then salted and/or spiced to produce a savory, crunchy snack.## Algeria.In south Algerian cuisine, broad beans are used to make besarah and doubara. Doubara is popular in the city of Biskra.## China.In the Sichuan cuisine of China, broad beans are combined with soybeans and chili peppers to produce.

Vicia faba. a spicy fermented bean paste called "doubanjiang". Perhaps due to the bean's popularity in Sichuan cuisine, in addition to the regular Chinese terms of "silkworm bean" () or "orchid bean" (), they are also known as "Sichuan beans" () in Chinese.## Colombia.Fava beans (Colombia: Haba(s)) are a common food in most regions of Colombia, mostly in Bogota and Boyacá.## Ecuador.Steamed fava beans (known as "habitas") with cheese are common in the cold-weather regions of Ecuador, especially around the Andes mountains and surroundings of Ambato.## Egypt.Fava beans (Egyptian Masri: "" ) are a common staple food in the Egyptian diet, eaten.

Vicia faba. by rich and poor alike. Egyptians eat fava beans in various ways: they may be shelled and then dried, or bought dried and then cooked in water on very low heat for several hours. They are the primary ingredient in Egyptian-style falafel (unlike the Levantine style, where the primary ingredient is chickpeas). The most popular way of preparing them in Egypt is by taking the cooked and partially mashed beans and adding oil, salt, and cumin to them. The dish, known as "ful medames", is traditionally eaten with bread (generally at breakfast) and is considered one of Egypt's national dishes.##.

Vicia faba. Ethiopia.Broad beans () are one of the most popular legumes in Ethiopia. They are tightly coupled with every aspect of Ethiopian life. They are mainly used as an alternative to peas to prepare a flour called "shiro", which is used to make "shiro wot" (a stew used widely in Ethiopian dishes). During the fasting period in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church tradition called "Tsome Filliseta, Tsome arbeå, Tsome Tahsas", and "Tsome Hawaria" (which are in August, end of February, April, mid-November, beginning of January, and June–July), two uncooked spicy vegetable dishes are made using broad beans. The first is "hilibet", a.

Vicia faba. thin, white paste of broad bean flour mixed with pieces of onion, green pepper, garlic, and other spices. The second is "siljo", a fermented, sour, spicy thin yellow paste of broad bean flour. Both are served with other stews and "injera" (a pancake-like bread) during lunch and dinner."Baqella nifro" (boiled broad beans) are eaten as a snack during some holidays and during a time of mourning. This tradition goes well into religious holidays, too. On the Thursday before Good Friday (in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church tradition, "tselote hamus" (the Prayer of Thursday)), people eat a different kind of "nifro" called.

Vicia faba. "gulban". "Gulban" is made of peeled, half beans collected and well-cooked with other grains such as wheat, peas, and chickpeas. This is done to mourn the crucifixion of Jesus Christ."Boq'ullit" (boiled, salted broad bean embryo) is one of the favorite snacks in the evening, the common story-telling time in north and central Ethiopia. It is particularly a favorite for the story-teller (usually a society elder), as it is delicious, and easy to chew and swallow.## England.In England, broad beans are usually boiled.## Finland.In Finnish, the word for "fava bean" is (literally "ox bean"). Fava beans are used to make a.

Vicia faba. meat substitute called Härkis.## Greece.The Greek word "fáva" (φάβα) does "not" refer to broad beans, but to the yellow split pea and also to another legume, "Lathyrus clymenum". Broad beans are known instead as "koukiá" (), and are eaten in a stew combined with artichokes, while they are still fresh in their pods. Dried broad beans are eaten boiled, sometimes combined with garlic sauce ("skordalia").In Crete, fresh broad beans are shelled and eaten as a companion to "tsikoudia", the local alcoholic drink.Favism is quite common in Greece because of malaria endemicity in previous centuries, and people afflicted by it do.

Vicia faba. not eat broad beans.## India.In India, fava beans are eaten in the Northeastern state of Manipur. They are locally known as "hawai-amubi" and are ingredients in the dish eromba.## Iran.Broad beans, or "Baghalee" () are primarily cultivated in the central and north parts of Iran. The city of Kashan has the highest production of broad beans with high quality in terms of the taste, cooking periods and color. However, broad beans have a very short season (roughly two weeks). The season is usually in the middle of spring. When people have access to fresh beans in season, they cook them.

Vicia faba. in brine and then add vinegar and "Heracleum persicum" depending on taste. They also make an extra amount to dry to be used year-round. The dried beans can be cooked with rice, which forms one of the most famous dishes in north of Iran (Gilan) called "baghalee polo" () which means "rice with broad beans". In Iran, broad beans are cooked, served with Golpar-origan and salt and sold on streets in the winter. This food is also available preserved in metal cans.## Iraq.Broad beans which are called Bagilla (باگله/باقله) in the Iraqi dialect of Arabic are a common ingredient in.

Vicia faba. many Iraqi foods. One of the most popular Iraqi dishes that uses the broad bean is Bagilla Bil-Dihin () also called Tishreeb Bagilla (). This dish is a common breakfast dish in Iraq and consists of bread soaked in boiled broad beans’ water then topped with broad beans, melted Ghee, and often also a boiled or fried egg. Fool () is another common breakfast dish in Iraq as well as many other Arab countries and consists of mashed fava beans. Another famous Iraqi dish is Timmen Bagilla (), which is Arabic for 'broad bean rice'. This classic Iraqi dish consists.

Vicia faba. of rice cooked with broad bean and dill.## Italy.In Rome, fava beans are popular either cooked with guanciale or with globe artichokes, as side dish together with lamb or kid, or raw with Pecorino romano. "Fave e Pecorino" is the traditional dish for 1 May picnic in Liguria, Tuscany, Marche, Umbria and Latium.In Sicily, "Maccu" is a Sicilian soup prepared with fava beans as a primary ingredient.In Apulia, broad bean purée with wild chicory is a typical dish.## Japan.Broad beans, called Soramame (Japanese: ) lit: "Sky Bean", are consumed in a variety of ways in Japan. Most commonly, the beans.

Vicia faba. are boiled and are eaten straight or added to rice. It is also consumed as a popular snack called "ikarimame" (Japanese: ) lit: "Anchor Bean", where the beans are roasted or fried.## Luxembourg."Judd mat Gaardebounen", or smoked collar of pork with broad beans, is the national dish of Luxembourg.## Malta.They are a primary ingredient of the Maltese kusksu, a vegetable soup primarily containing fava beans and pasta beads. They are also used in an appetizer called "bigilla" where they are served as a pureé mixed with olive oil, lemon juice, garlic, parsley and mint. It is served with bread or.

Vicia faba. crackers.## Mexico.In Mexico, fava beans are often eaten in a soup called , meaning "fava soup". They are also eaten fried, salted, and dried, as a snack, either by themselves or in combination with other salted, dried beans and nuts.## Morocco.In Morocco, fava beans are cooked, steamed or made into tabiṣart, a dip sold as a street food and commonly eaten in winter.## Nepal.In Nepal, fava beans are called "bakulla". They are eaten as a green vegetable when the pods are young, generally stir-fried with garlic. When dried, fava beans are eaten roasted, or mixed with other legumes, such as.

Vicia faba. moong beans, chick peas, and peas, and called "qwati". The mixture, soaked and germinated, is cooked as soup and consumed with rice or beaten rice on the occasion of "Janai Purnima" also known as "Rakshya Bandhan", a festival celebrated by the Hindus. The dry and stir-fried version of "qwati" is called "biraula". The "qwati" soup is believed to reinvigorate the body affected by monsoon paddy season.## Netherlands.In the Netherlands, they are traditionally eaten with fresh savory and some melted butter. The combination of the beans tossed with crispy fried bacon is also common. When rubbed, the velvet insides of the.

Vicia faba. pods are a folk remedy against warts.## Peru.Fava beans (Peruvian Spanish: "haba(s)") are eaten fresh or dried toasted, boiled, roasted, stewed or in soup. Habas are one of the essential ingredients of "Pachamanca" in the Andes of Peru, and are also an additive for "Panetela", which is a homemade remedy to keep your child fed and hydrated in cases of diarrhea or stomach infection and even for cholera treatment.Peruvian dishes with fava beans include: Aji de habas Saltado de habas El chupe de habas Ajiaco de Papas y habas Pachamanca Guiso de habas Shambar (heavy soup, traditional in Trujillo)## Portugal.Fava.

Vicia faba. beans () are widely cultivated in Portugal and are very popular throughout the country. The most popular dish cooked with favas is "favada", a stew with onion and pork—depending on the region of the country the pork may be chorizo, bacon, pork shoulder, ribs or the mixture of many of these. In Alentejo a lot of coriander will be added in the end. Besides favada, fava beans may be served dry and fried as an appetiser.## Serbia.Broad bean aspic (Serbian: ) is a Serbian winter dish in which the pureed cooked beans are combined with crushed garlic and set in.

Vicia faba. a mould, topped with ground paprika in hot oil.## Spain.Broad beans () are widely cultivated in Spain. Culinary uses vary among regions, but they can be used as the main pulse in a stew ("Habas estofadas, michirones") or as an addition to other dishes ("menestra, paella"). In certain regions they can be eaten while unripe or fried and packaged as a snack.## Sudan.Fava beans are one of the most widely consumed foods in Sudan. For most Sudanese they form the main dish during breakfast time (fatoor), especially more so for city and urban dwellers. The beans are cooked by steadily.

Vicia faba. boiling over a sustained period of time. Similar to Egypt, the cooked beans are mashed, and prepared by adding salt and pepper. For additional flavour, sesame oil is added along with a sprinkling of jibna ("feta" cheese) on top. The dish is then eaten with bread, sometimes mix all in one dish this called (fatta or boash).## Sweden.Broad beans (), which in Sweden were traditionally eaten as soaked brown, and boiled, dried broad beans fried in lard, were for a very long time popular to add to other foods as a filling side, specially with fried pork. The green, raw,.

Vicia faba. and lightly boiled broad beans were used seasonally as a side green.## Syria.In Syria, broad beans are prepared in multiple ways for breakfast, lunch or dinner. Ful Medames is the same as the Egyptian dish (it is not mashed though) but with the addition of tomato, parsley and onion and with olive oil. Another version of it includes the addition of tahini (sesame paste), olive oil, garlic and lemon. For lunch, broad beans are cooked with a mix of minced and big chunks of meat and is topped on white rice and eaten with cold yogurt and cucumber salad. Bulgur.

Vicia faba. is sometimes used in preparing this recipe instead of rice. Broad beans are cooked with pieces of garlic, meat and meat stock with the addition of lemon juice and cilantro. This dish is called foulieh and is eaten on the side with rice. Same recipe is prepared without meat as a vegan dish eaten on lent by Christians in Syria.## Turkey.In Turkey, broad beans are called '. This is also the name of a "zeytinyağlı" dish made by simmering young and tender broad bean pods with chopped onions in olive oil. It is traditionally garnished with dill and served cool,.

Vicia faba. together with yoghurt. Another popular dish is ', a meze prepared by soaking and boiling shelled dried broad beans until soft and then pureeing with olive oil and optionally fresh dill. The puree is left to set overnight, and served cold, garnished with dill and slices of lemon. Broad beans are also cooked with artichoke (Enginarlı İç Bakla) which is another "zeytinyağlı" dish.## Vietnam.In Southern Vietnam, fava beans () are usually stir fried with rice noodles, durians, shrimps, Thai basil, quail eggs and pig intestines in a dry stew called "hủ tiếu lòng heo". In ancient Greece and Rome, beans.

Vicia faba. were used in voting; a white bean was used to cast a "yes" vote, and a black bean for "no". Even today, the word" koukia" (κουκιά) is used unofficially, referring to the votes. Beans were used as a food for the dead, such as during the annual Lemuria festival. The ancient Roman family name Fabius and the modern political term "Fabian" derive from this particular bean. Both Porphyry and Iamblichus report that Pythagoras once persuaded a bull not to eat beans In Ubykh culture, throwing beans on the ground and interpreting the pattern in which they fall was a common.

Vicia faba. method of divination (favomancy), and the word for "bean-thrower" in that language has become a generic term for seers and soothsayers in general. The colloquial expression 'not worth a hill of beans' alludes to their widespread economy and association with the peasant diet. In Italy, broad beans are traditionally sown on November 2, All Souls Day. Small cakes made in the shape of broad beans (though not out of them) are known as "fave dei morti" or "beans of the dead". According to tradition, Sicily once experienced a failure of all crops other than the beans; the beans kept the.

Vicia faba. population from starvation, and thanks were given to Saint Joseph. Broad beans subsequently became traditional on Saint Joseph's Day altars in many Italian communities. Some people carry a broad bean for good luck; some believe that if one carries a broad bean, one will never be without the essentials of life. In Rome, on the first of May, Roman families traditionally eat fresh fava beans with Pecorino Romano cheese during a daily excursion in the Campagna. In northern Italy, on the contrary, fava beans are traditionally fed to animals—and so some people, especially the elderly, might frown on human consumption.

Vicia faba. But in Liguria, a maritime region near northern Italy, fava beans are loved raw, and consumed fresh in early spring as the first product of the garden, alone or with fresh Pecorino Sardo or with local salami from Sant'Olcese. In some Central Italian regions, a once-popular and recently rediscovered fancy food is the "bagiana", a soup of fresh or dried fava beans seasoned with onions and beet leaves stir-fried, before being added to the soup, in olive oil and lard (or bacon or cured ham fat). In Portugal and Spain a Christmas cake called "bolo Rei" in Portuguese and "roscón.

Vicia faba. de reyes" in Spanish (King's cake) is baked with a fava bean inside. Whoever eats the slice containing it, is supposed to buy next year's cake. A similar tradition exists in France, where the "fève" (originally a dried bean, but often now a small china or metal trinket) is placed in the "galette des rois"; the person who finds it in their slice becomes the king or queen of the meal, and is often expected to serve the other guests to drink. Pliny claimed they acted as a laxative. European folklore also claims that planting beans on Good Friday or.

Vicia faba. during the night brings good luck."Frederick E Rose (London) Ltd v William H Pim Junior & Co Ltd" [1953] 2 QB 450, is an English contract law case where the two litigants had both mistaken feveroles for ordinary horse beans. Can be used as a green manure, due to nitrogen fixation it produces. In the Netherlands, roasted or fried broad beans are regarded as a local delicacy of the city of Groningen, and is locally called "molleboon". Until the 1800s, the city council used "mollebonen" for the voting process, sometimes real beans, sometimes made of stone or clay. The word.

Vicia faba. "Molleboon" became a nickname for the inhabitants of the city.


Question: What is the closest upper taxonomy of this plant?

Instruction: Retrieve a Wikipedia paragraph that provides an answer to the given query about the image.

Prosopis glandulosa. Prosopis glandulosa, commonly known as honey mesquite, is a species of small to medium-sized, thorny shrub or tree in the legume family (Fabaceae).## Distribution.The plant is primarily native to the Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico. Its range extends on the northeast through Texas and into southwestern Kansas and Oklahoma and northwestern Louisiana, and west to southern California.It can be part of the Mesquite Bosque plant association community in the Sonoran Desert ecoregion of California and Arizona (U.S.), and Sonora state (México), and in the Chihuahuan Desert of New Mexico and Texas in the US, and Chihuahua in Mexico.## Description."Prosopis.

Prosopis glandulosa. glandulosa" has rounded big and floppy, drooping branches with feathery foliage and straight, paired spines on twigs. This tree normally reaches 20 - 30 (ft), but can grow as tall as 50 (ft). It is considered to have a medium growth rate.It flowers from March to November, with pale, yellow, elongated spikes and bears straight, yellow seedpods. The seeds are eaten by a variety of animals, such as scaled quail. Other animals, including deer, collared peccaries, coyotes, cactus mice, and jackrabbits, feed on both pods and vegetation. "Prosopis glandulosa" var. "glandulosa" (syn. "Prosopis chilensis" var. "glandulosa" , "Prosopis juliflora" var.

Prosopis glandulosa. "glandulosa" ) "Prosopis glandulosa" var. "torreyana" (syn. "Prosopis juliflora" var. "torreyana" )## Invasive species."Prosopis glandulosa" has been intentionally introduced into at least a half-dozen countries, including Australia, Botswana, Namibia and South Africa. The IUCN considers it as one of the world's 100 worst invasive species outside its native habitat range.The seeds are disseminated by livestock that graze on the sweet pods, and the shrubs can invade grasslands, with cattlemen regarding mesquites as range weeds to be eradicated. Due to latent buds underground, permanent removal is difficult. Cutting them will only coppice them: A single-trunked tree that is cut down will.

Prosopis glandulosa. soon be replaced by a multi-trunked version.## Uses."Prosopis glandulosa" shrubs and trees provide shelter and nest building material for wildlife, and produce seed pods in abundance containing beans that are a seasonal food for diverse birds and small mammal species. As the common name indicates, honey mesquite is a honey plant that supports native pollinator species of bees and other insects, and cultivated honey bees. It is a larval host for the long-tailed skipper and Reakirt's blue butterflies.Mesquite flour is high in protein, low in carbohydrates, and can be used in recipes as a gluten-free substitute for wheat flour.In Namibia,.

Prosopis glandulosa. although an invasive species, it has qualities that have made it useful for humans, including: growing extremely rapidly there, having very dense shade, abundantly producing seed pods, and a readily available firewood.## Indigenous peoples.The indigenous peoples of California and southwestern North America used parts of "Prosopis glandulosa" as a medicinal plant, food source, building and tools material, and fuel.The Cahuilla ate the blossoms and pods, which were ground into meal for cake. The Pueblo peoples of New Mexico in the southwest United States use the seeds to produce mesquite flour for making traditional horno bread.The thorns of the plant were.

Prosopis glandulosa. used as tattoo needles, and the ashes for tattoos, by the Cahuilla and Serrano Indians of Southern California. Its dense and durable wood is prized for making tools and arrow points, and for the unique flavor it lends to foods cooked over it. The deep taproots, often larger than the trunks, are dug up for firewood.This species of mesquite, known as "haas" (pronounced ) by the Seri people of northwestern Mexico, was very important for food and nonfood uses. The Seris had specific names for various stages of the growth of the mesquite pod. Historically, it was a very important.

Prosopis glandulosa. wild food plant because it fruits even during drought years.USDA Plants Profile for "Prosopis glandulosa" (honey mesquite)Calflora Database: "Prosopis glandulosa" (Honey mesquite)Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center NPIN−Native Plant Information Network: "Prosopis glandulosa" (Honey mesquite)UC CalPhotos gallery.


Question: What is the country of origin of this food?

Instruction: Retrieve a Wikipedia paragraph that provides an answer to the given query about the image.

Teriyaki. Teriyaki (kanji: 照り焼き) is a cooking technique used in Japanese cuisine in which foods are broiled or grilled with a glaze of soy sauce, mirin, and sugar.Fish – yellowtail, marlin, skipjack tuna, salmon, trout, and mackerel – is mainly used in Japan, while white and red meat – chicken, pork, lamb, and beef – is more often used in the West. Other ingredients sometimes used in Japan include squid, hamburger steak, and meatballs.The word "teriyaki" derives from the noun , which refers to a shine or luster given by the sugar content in the , and , which refers to.

Teriyaki. the cooking method of grilling or broiling. Traditionally the meat is dipped in or brushed with sauce several times during cooking. Teriyaki was invented by Japanese chefs in the 1600s.The is traditionally made by mixing and heating soy sauce, sake (or mirin), and sugar (or honey). The sauce is boiled and reduced to the desired thickness, then used to marinate meat, which is then grilled or broiled. Sometimes ginger is added and the final dish may be garnished with spring onions. (see tare).## Variations.A is a variety of hamburger either topped with teriyaki sauce or with the sauce worked into.

Teriyaki. the ground meat patty. "Teriyaki stir-fry" refers to stir frying meat or vegetables in teriyaki sauce.Another variety is teriyaki-style prepared vegetarian products.## By country.## United States.## Teriyaki sauce.In North America, any dish made with a teriyaki-like sauce is described using the word teriyaki. This often even includes those using foreign alternatives to "sake" or "mirin", such as wine, or with added ingredients, such as sesame or garlic (uncommon in traditional Japanese cuisine). The sauce used for teriyaki is generally sweet, although it can also be spicy. Pineapple juice is sometimes used, as it not only provides sweetness but also bromelain.


Question: What is the source of energy of this facility?

Instruction: Determine the Wikipedia snippet that matches the question of this image.

Photovoltaic system. A photovoltaic system, also PV system or solar power system, is an electric power system designed to supply usable solar power by means of photovoltaics. It consists of an arrangement of several components, including solar panels to absorb and convert sunlight into electricity, a solar inverter to convert the output from direct to alternating current, as well as mounting, cabling, and other electrical accessories to set up a working system. It may also use a solar tracking system to improve the system's overall performance and include an integrated battery. PV systems convert light directly into electricity, and are not to.

Photovoltaic system. be confused with other solar technologies, such as concentrated solar power or solar thermal, used for heating and cooling. A solar array only encompasses the ensemble of solar panels, the visible part of the PV system, and does not include all the other hardware, often summarized as balance of system (BOS). PV systems range from small, rooftop-mounted or building-integrated systems with capacities from a few to several tens of kilowatts, to large utility-scale power stations of hundreds of megawatts. Nowadays, most PV systems are grid-connected, while off-grid or stand-alone systems account for a small portion of the market.Operating silently and.

Photovoltaic system. systems, building-integrated vs. rack-mounted systems, residential vs. utility systems, distributed vs. centralized systems, rooftop vs. ground-mounted systems, tracking vs. fixed-tilt systems, and new constructed vs. retrofitted systems. Other distinctions may include, systems with microinverters vs. central inverter, systems using crystalline silicon vs. thin-film technology, and systems with modules.About 99 percent of all European and 90 percent of all U.S. solar power systems are connected to the electrical grid, while off-grid systems are somewhat more common in Australia and South Korea. PV systems rarely use battery storage. This may change, as government incentives for distributed energy storage are implemented and investments.

Photovoltaic system. in storage solutions gradually become economically viable for small systems. A typical residential solar array is rack-mounted on the roof, rather than integrated into the roof or facade of the building, which is significantly more expensive. Utility-scale solar power stations are ground-mounted, with fixed tilted solar panels rather than using expensive tracking devices. Crystalline silicon is the predominant material used in 90 percent of worldwide produced solar modules, while its rival thin-film has lost market-share. About 70 percent of all solar cells and modules are produced in China and Taiwan, only 5 percent by European and US-manufacturers. The installed capacity.

Photovoltaic system. for both small rooftop systems and large solar power stations is growing rapidly and in equal parts, although there is a notable trend towards utility-scale systems, as the focus on new installations is shifting away from Europe to sunnier regions, such as the Sunbelt in the U.S., which are less opposed to ground-mounted solar farms and cost-effectiveness is more emphasized by investors.Driven by advances in technology and increases in manufacturing scale and sophistication, the cost of photovoltaics is declining continuously. There are several million PV systems distributed all over the world, mostly in Europe, with 1.4 million systems in Germany.

Photovoltaic system. The International Energy Agency expects solar power to become the world's largest source of electricity by 2050, with solar photovoltaics and concentrated solar thermal contributing 16% and 11% to the global demand, respectively.## Solar grid-connection.A grid connected system is connected to a larger independent grid (typically the public electricity grid) and feeds energy directly into the grid. This energy may be shared by a residential or commercial building before or after the revenue measurement point, depending on whether the credited energy production is calculated independently of the customer's energy consumption (feed-in tariff) or only on the difference of energy (net.

Photovoltaic system. metering). These systems vary in size from residential (2–10 kWp) to solar power stations (up to 10s of MWp). This is a form of decentralized electricity generation. Feeding electricity into the grid requires the transformation of DC into AC by a special, synchronising grid-tie inverter. In kilowatt-sized installations the DC side system voltage is as high as permitted (typically 1000 V except US residential 600 V) to limit ohmic losses. Most modules (60 or 72 crystalline silicon cells) generate 160 W to 300 W at 36 volts. It is sometimes necessary or desirable to connect the modules partially in parallel.

Photovoltaic system. direct and angled light, somewhat reducing the benefit of tracking.Trackers and sensors to optimise the performance are often seen as optional, but they can increase viable output by up to 45%. Arrays that approach or exceed one megawatt often use solar trackers. Considering clouds, and the fact that most of the world is not on the equator, and that the sun sets in the evening, the correct measure of solar power is insolation – the average number of kilowatt-hours per square meter per day. For the weather and latitudes of the United States and Europe, typical insolation ranges from 2.26.

Photovoltaic system. be used. Many meters accumulate bidirectionally, some systems use two meters, but a unidirectional meter (with detent) will not accumulate energy from any resultant feed into the grid. In some countries, for installations over 30 kWp a frequency and a voltage monitor with disconnection of all phases is required. This is done where more solar power is being generated than can be accommodated by the utility, and the excess can not either be exported or stored. Grid operators historically have needed to provide transmission lines and generation capacity. Now they need to also provide storage. This is normally hydro-storage, but.

Photovoltaic system. large systems, although this is more commonly done with wind power than solar power, and results in a substantial loss of revenue. Three-phase inverters have the unique option of supplying reactive power which can be advantageous in matching load requirements.Photovoltaic systems need to be monitored to detect breakdown and optimize operation. There are several photovoltaic monitoring strategies depending on the output of the installation and its nature. Monitoring can be performed on site or remotely. It can measure production only, retrieve all the data from the inverter or retrieve all of the data from the communicating equipment (probes, meters, etc.).

Photovoltaic system. concentrating sunlight up to 400 times or more, with efficiencies of 24–28 percent, exceeding those of regular systems. Various designs of systems are commercially available but not very common. However, ongoing research and development is taking place.CPV is often confused with CSP (concentrated solar power) that does not use photovoltaics. Both technologies favor locations that receive much sunlight and directly compete with each other.## Hybrid.A hybrid system combines PV with other forms of generation, usually a diesel generator. Biogas is also used. The other form of generation may be a type able to modulate power output as a function of.

Photovoltaic system. photovoltaic thermal hybrid" (CPVT) system is similar to a PVT system. It uses concentrated photovoltaics (CPV) instead of conventional PV technology, and combines it with a solar thermal collector. CPV/CSP system is a proposed novel solar hybrid system, combining concentrator photovoltaics with the non-PV technology of concentrated solar power (CSP), or also known as concentrated solar thermal. PV diesel system combines a photovoltaic system with a diesel generator. Combinations with other renewables are possible and include wind turbines.## Floating solar arrays.Floating solar arrays are PV systems that float on--or are built over--the surface of drinking water reservoirs, quarry lakes, irrigation.

Photovoltaic system. saved 0.75 (acre) that would have been required for a land-based system. Another benefit of a floatovoltaic system is that the panels are kept at a cooler temperature than they would be on land, leading to a higher efficiency of solar energy conversion. The floating PV array also reduces the amount of water lost through evaporation and inhibits the growth of algae.Utility-scale floating PV farms are starting to be built. The multinational electronics and ceramics manufacturer Kyocera will develop the world's largest, a 13.4 MW farm on the reservoir above Yamakura Dam in Chiba Prefecture using 50,000 solar panels. Salt-water.


Question: What is the architectural style of this facility?

Instruction: Determine the Wikipedia snippet that matches the question of this image.

La Recoleta Cemetery. while Torcuato de Alvear was mayor of the city, by the Italian architect Juan Antonio Buschiazzo.## Description.Set in 5.5 (ha), the site contains 4691 vaults, all above ground, of which 94 have been declared National Historical Monuments by the Argentine government and are protected by the state. The entrance to the cemetery is through neo-classical gates with tall Doric columns. The cemetery contains many elaborate marble mausoleums, decorated with statues, in a wide variety of architectural styles such as Art Deco, Art Nouveau, Baroque, and Neo-Gothic, and most materials used between 1880 and 1930 in the construction of tombs were.


Question: What is the typical diameter (in 1) of this object?

Instruction: Retrieve a Wikipedia paragraph that provides an answer to the given query about the image.

Tetrahedron. regular tetrahedron.The following Cartesian coordinates define the four vertices of a tetrahedron with edge length 2, centered at the origin, and two level edges:formula_1Expressed symmetrically as 4 points on the unit sphere, centroid at the origin, with lower face level, the vertices are:formula_2formula_3formula_4formula_5with the edge length of formula_6.Still another set of coordinates are based on an alternated cube or demicube with edge length 2. This form has Coxeter diagram and Schläfli symbol h{4,3}. The tetrahedron in this case has edge length 2. Inverting these coordinates generates the dual tetrahedron, and the pair together form the stellated octahedron, whose vertices are.

Tetrahedron. those of the original cube.Tetrahedron: (1,1,1), (1,−1,−1), (−1,1,−1), (−1,−1,1)Dual tetrahedron: (−1,−1,−1), (−1,1,1), (1,−1,1), (1,1,−1)## Angles and distances.For a regular tetrahedron of edge length "a":With respect to the base plane the slope of a face (2) is twice that of an edge (), corresponding to the fact that the "horizontal" distance covered from the base to the apex along an edge is twice that along the median of a face. In other words, if "C" is the centroid of the base, the distance from "C" to a vertex of the base is twice that from "C" to the midpoint of an.

Tetrahedron. two tetrahedra in the cube). The symmetries of a regular tetrahedron correspond to half of those of a cube: those that map the tetrahedra to themselves, and not to each other.The tetrahedron is the only Platonic solid that is not mapped to itself by point inversion.The regular tetrahedron has 24 isometries, forming the symmetry group Td, [3,3], (*332), isomorphic to the symmetric group, "S"4. They can be categorized as follows: T, [3,3]+, (332) is isomorphic to alternating group, "A"4 (the identity and 11 proper rotations) with the following conjugacy classes (in parentheses are given the permutations of the vertices, or.

Tetrahedron. correspondingly, the faces, and the unit quaternion representation): identity (identity; 1) rotation about an axis through a vertex, perpendicular to the opposite plane, by an angle of ±120°: 4 axes, 2 per axis, together , etc.; ) rotation by an angle of 180° such that an edge maps to the opposite edge: , etc.; ) reflections in a plane perpendicular to an edge: 6 reflections in a plane combined with 90° rotation about an axis perpendicular to the plane: 3 axes, 2 per axis, together 6; equivalently, they are 90° rotations combined with inversion (x is mapped to −x): the.

Tetrahedron. are projected as circular arcs on the plane.## Helical stacking.Regular tetrahedra can be stacked face-to-face in a chiral aperiodic chain called the Boerdijk–Coxeter helix. In four dimensions, all the convex regular 4-polytopes with tetrahedral cells (the 5-cell, 16-cell and 600-cell) can be constructed as tilings of the 3-sphere by these chains, which become periodic in the three-dimensional space of the 4-polytope's boundary surface.## Irregular tetrahedra.Tetrahedra which do not have four equilateral faces are categorized and named by the symmetries they do possess.If all three pairs of opposite edges of a tetrahedron are perpendicular, then it is called an orthocentric tetrahedron.

Tetrahedron. to the opposite faces are inversely proportional to the areas of these faces.For a tetrahedron with vertices,, and, the volume is , or any other combination of pairs of vertices that form a simply connected graph. This can be rewritten using a dot product and a cross product, yieldingformula_9If the origin of the coordinate system is chosen to coincide with vertex d, then d = 0, soformula_10where a, b, and c represent three edges that meet at one vertex, and is a scalar triple product. Comparing this formula with that used to compute the volume of a parallelepiped, we conclude.

Tetrahedron. that the volume of a tetrahedron is equal to of the volume of any parallelepiped that shares three converging edges with it.The absolute value of the scalar triple product can be represented as the following absolute values of determinants:formula_11orformula_12whereformula_13are expressed as row or column vectors.Henceformula_14whereformula_15which givesformula_16where "α", "β", "γ" are the plane angles occurring in vertex d. The angle "α", is the angle between the two edges connecting the vertex d to the vertices b and c. The angle "β", does so for the vertices a and c, while "γ", is defined by the position of the vertices a and.

Tetrahedron. b.If we do not require that d = 0 thenformula_17Given the distances between the vertices of a tetrahedron the volume can be computed using the Cayley–Menger determinant:formula_18where the subscripts represent the vertices and "d" is the pairwise distance between them – i.e., the length of the edge connecting the two vertices. A negative value of the determinant means that a tetrahedron cannot be constructed with the given distances. This formula, sometimes called Tartaglia's formula, is essentially due to the painter Piero della Francesca in the 15th century, as a three dimensional analogue of the 1st century Heron's formula for the.

Tetrahedron. area of a triangle.Let be three edges that meet at a point, and the opposite edges. Let be the volume of the tetrahedron; thenformula_19whereformula_20The above formula uses six lengths of edges, and the following formula uses three lengths of edges and three angles.formula_21## Heron-type formula for the volume of a tetrahedron.If , , , , , are lengths of edges of the tetrahedron (first three form a triangle; with opposite , opposite , opposite ), thenformula_22where formula_23 formula_24## Volume divider.Any plane containing a bimedian (connector of opposite edges' midpoints) of a tetrahedron bisects the volume of the tetrahedron.## Non-Euclidean volume.For.

Tetrahedron. segment joining the midpoints of two opposite edges is called a "bimedian" of the tetrahedron. Hence there are four medians and three bimedians in a tetrahedron. These seven line segments are all concurrent at a point called the "centroid" of the tetrahedron. In addition the four medians are divided in a 3:1 ratio by the centroid (see Commandino's theorem). The centroid of a tetrahedron is the midpoint between its Monge point and circumcenter. These points define the "Euler line" of the tetrahedron that is analogous to the Euler line of a triangle.The nine-point circle of the general triangle has an.

Tetrahedron. is a diagonal of one of the cube's faces. For one such embedding, the Cartesian coordinates of the vertices are(+1, +1, +1);(−1, −1, +1);(−1, +1, −1);(+1, −1, −1).This yields a tetrahedron with edge-length 2, centered at the origin. For the other tetrahedron (which is dual to the first), reverse all the signs. These two tetrahedra's vertices combined are the vertices of a cube, demonstrating that the regular tetrahedron is the 3-demicube.The volume of this tetrahedron is one-third the volume of the cube. Combining both tetrahedra gives a regular polyhedral compound called the compound of two tetrahedra or stella octangula.The interior.

Tetrahedron. of the stella octangula is an octahedron, and correspondingly, a regular octahedron is the result of cutting off, from a regular tetrahedron, four regular tetrahedra of half the linear size (i.e., rectifying the tetrahedron).The above embedding divides the cube into five tetrahedra, one of which is regular. In fact, five is the minimum number of tetrahedra required to compose a cube. To see this, starting from a base tetrahedron with 4 vertices, each added tetrahedra adds at most 1 new vertex, so at least 4 more must be added to make a cube, which has 8 vertices.Inscribing tetrahedra inside the.

Tetrahedron. and counterclockwise orientations of the surface.Putting any of the four vertices in the role of "O" yields four such identities, but at most three of them are independent: If the "clockwise" sides of three of them are multiplied and the product is inferred to be equal to the product of the "counterclockwise" sides of the same three identities, and then common factors are cancelled from both sides, the result is the fourth identity.Three angles are the angles of some triangle if and only if their sum is 180° (π radians). What condition on 12 angles is necessary and sufficient for.

Tetrahedron. them to be the 12 angles of some tetrahedron? Clearly the sum of the angles of any side of the tetrahedron must be 180°. Since there are four such triangles, there are four such constraints on sums of angles, and the number of degrees of freedom is thereby reduced from 12 to 8. The four relations given by this sine law further reduce the number of degrees of freedom, from 8 down to not 4 but 5, since the fourth constraint is not independent of the first three. Thus the space of all shapes of tetrahedra is 5-dimensional.## Law of.

Tetrahedron. faces are "F"a, "F"b, "F"c, and "F"d. Thenformula_29For vertices "A", "B", "C", and "D", interior point "P", and feet "J", "K", "L", and "M" of the perpendiculars from "P" to the faces, and suppose the faces have equal areas, thenformula_30## Inradius.Denoting the inradius of a tetrahedron as "r" and the inradii of its triangular faces as "r""i" for "i" = 1, 2, 3, 4, we haveformula_31with equality if and only if the tetrahedron is regular.If "A""1", "A""2", "A""3" and "A""4" denote the area of each faces, the value of "r" is given byformula_32.This formula is obtained from dividing the tetrahedron.

Tetrahedron. tetrahedra. One example has one edge of 896, the opposite edge of 990 and the other four edges of 1073; two faces are isosceles triangles with areas of and the other two are isosceles with areas of , while the volume is .A tetrahedron can have integer volume and consecutive integers as edges, an example being the one with edges 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 and volume 48.## Related polyhedra and compounds.A regular tetrahedron can be seen as a triangular pyramid.A regular tetrahedron can be seen as a degenerate polyhedron, a uniform "digonal antiprism", where base polygons are.

Tetrahedron. is arccos(−), or approximately 109.47°.Water, , also has a tetrahedral structure, with two hydrogen atoms and two lone pairs of electrons around the central oxygen atoms. Its tetrahedral symmetry is not perfect, however, because the lone pairs repel more than the single O–H bonds.Quaternary phase diagrams of mixtures of chemical substances are represented graphically as tetrahedra.However, quaternary phase diagrams in communication engineering are represented graphically on a two-dimensional plane.## Electricity and electronics.If six equal resistors are soldered together to form a tetrahedron, then the resistance measured between any two vertices is half that of one resistor.Since silicon is the most.

Tetrahedron. rolled appearing around the bottom or on the top vertex. Some Rubik's Cube-like puzzles are tetrahedral, such as the Pyraminx and Pyramorphix.## Geology.The tetrahedral hypothesis, originally published by William Lowthian Green to explain the formation of the Earth, was popular through the early 20th century.## Weaponry.Some caltrops are based on tetrahedra as one spike points upwards regardless of how they land and can be easily made by welding two bent nails together.## Contemporary art.The Austrian artist Martina Schettina created a tetrahedron using fluorescent lamps. It was shown at the light art biennale Austria 2010.It is used as album artwork, surrounded.


Question: What is the closest parent taxonomy of this insect?

Instruction: I want to find a paragraph from Wikipedia that answers my question about this image.

Six-spotted fishing spider. The six-spotted fishing spider (Dolomedes triton) is an arachnid from the nursery web spider family Pisauridae. This species is from the genus "Dolomedes", or the fishing spiders. Found in wetland habitats throughout North America, these spiders are usually seen scampering along the surface of ponds and other bodies of water. They are also referred to as dock spiders because they can sometimes be witnessed quickly vanishing through the cracks of boat docks. "D. triton" gets its scientific name from the Greek mythological god Triton, who is the messenger of the big sea and the son of Poseidon.## Description.This spider can.

Six-spotted fishing spider. has no significant nutritional benefit for females.## Enemies.While it remains unclear what preys most on the species, birds, bats, and fish are all thought to prey on "D. triton." The distinct camouflage coloration suggests that these spiders are preyed on by visual predators. Furthermore, pompilid and sphenoid wasps, which use sight when hunting, are thought to parasitize "Dolomedes" species.In a study focusing on the anti-predator behavior of females of the species, it was found that female boldness is positively correlated with female aggression for certain behaviors, principally aggression towards prey (crickets were used for the study) and pre-copulatory sexual cannibalism.


Question: What is the facet of this object?

Instruction: You have to find a Wikipedia segment that answers the question about the displayed image.

Hexagon. In geometry, a hexagon (from Greek , , meaning "six", and , , meaning "corner, angle") is a six-sided polygon or 6-gon. The total of the internal angles of any simple (non-self-intersecting) hexagon is 720°.## Regular hexagon.A "regular hexagon" has Schläfli symbol {6} and can also be constructed as a truncated equilateral triangle, t{3}, which alternates two types of edges.A regular hexagon is defined as a hexagon that is both equilateral and equiangular. It is bicentric, meaning that it is both cyclic (has a circumscribed circle) and tangential (has an inscribed circle).The common length of the sides equals the radius.

Hexagon. of the circumscribed circle or circumcircle, which equals formula_1 times the apothem (radius of the inscribed circle). All internal angles are 120 degrees. A regular hexagon has six rotational symmetries ("rotational symmetry of order six") and six reflection symmetries ("six lines of symmetry"), making up the dihedral group D6. The longest diagonals of a regular hexagon, connecting diametrically opposite vertices, are twice the length of one side. From this it can be seen that a triangle with a vertex at the center of the regular hexagon and sharing one side with the hexagon is equilateral, and that the regular hexagon.

Hexagon. can be partitioned into six equilateral triangles.Like squares and equilateral triangles, regular hexagons fit together without any gaps to "tile the plane" (three hexagons meeting at every vertex), and so are useful for constructing tessellations. The cells of a beehive honeycomb are hexagonal for this reason and because the shape makes efficient use of space and building materials. The Voronoi diagram of a regular triangular lattice is the honeycomb tessellation of hexagons. It is not usually considered a triambus, although it is equilateral.## Parameters.The maximal diameter (which corresponds to the long diagonal of the hexagon), "D", is twice the maximal.

Hexagon. radius or circumradius, "R", which equals the side length, "t". The minimal diameter or the diameter of the inscribed circle (separation of parallel sides, flat-to-flat distance, short diagonal or height when resting on a flat base), "d", is twice the minimal radius or inradius, "r". The maxima and minima are related by the same factor:formula_2 and, similarly, formula_3The area of a regular hexagonformula_4For any regular polygon, the area can also be expressed in terms of the apothem "a" and the perimeter "p". For the regular hexagon these are given by "a" = "r", and "p"formula_5, soformula_6The regular hexagon fills the.

Hexagon. fraction formula_7 of its circumscribed circle.If a regular hexagon has successive vertices A, B, C, D, E, F and if P is any point on the circumcircle between B and C, then .It follows from the ratio of circumradius to inradius that the height-to-width ratio of a regular hexagon is 1:1.1547005; that is, a hexagon with a long diagonal of 1.0000000 will have a distance of 0.8660254 between parallel sides.## Point in plane.For an arbitrary point in the plane of a regular hexagon with circumradius formula_8, whose distances to the centroid of the regular hexagon and its six vertices are.

Hexagon. formula_9 and formula_10 respectively, we haveformula_11formula_12formula_13If formula_10 are the distances from the vertices of a regular hexagon to any point on its circumcircle, then formula_15## Symmetry.The "regular hexagon" has D6 symmetry. There are 16 subgroups. There are 8 up to isomorphism: itself (D6), 2 dihedral: (D3, D2), 4 cyclic: (Z6, Z3, Z2, Z1) and the trivial (e)These symmetries express nine distinct symmetries of a regular hexagon. John Conway labels these by a letter and group order. r12 is full symmetry, and a1 is no symmetry. p6, an isogonal hexagon constructed by three mirrors can alternate long and short edges, and.

Hexagon. d6, an isotoxal hexagon constructed with equal edge lengths, but vertices alternating two different internal angles. These two forms are duals of each other and have half the symmetry order of the regular hexagon. The i4 forms are regular hexagons flattened or stretched along one symmetry direction. It can be seen as an elongated rhombus, while d2 and p2 can be seen as horizontally and vertically elongated kites. g2 hexagons, with opposite sides parallel are also called hexagonal parallelogons.Each subgroup symmetry allows one or more degrees of freedom for irregular forms. Only the g6 subgroup has no degrees of freedom.

Hexagon. but can seen as directed edges.Hexagons of symmetry g2, i4, and r12, as parallelogons can tessellate the Euclidean plane by translation. Other hexagon shapes can tile the plane with different orientations.## A2 and G2 groups.The 6 roots of the simple Lie group , represented by a Dynkin diagram , are in a regular hexagonal pattern. The two simple roots have a 120° angle between them.The 12 roots of the Exceptional Lie group G2, represented by a Dynkin diagram are also in a hexagonal pattern. The two simple roots of two lengths have a 150° angle between them.## Dissection.Coxeter states that.

Hexagon. every zonogon (a 2"m"-gon whose opposite sides are parallel and of equal length) can be dissected into parallelograms. In particular this is true for regular polygons with evenly many sides, in which case the parallelograms are all rhombi. This decomposition of a regular hexagon is based on a Petrie polygon projection of a cube, with 3 of 6 square faces. Other parallelogons and projective directions of the cube are dissected within rectangular cuboids.## Related polygons and tilings.A regular hexagon has Schläfli symbol {6}. A regular hexagon is a part of the regular hexagonal tiling, {6,3}, with three hexagonal faces around.

Hexagon. each vertex.A regular hexagon can also be created as a truncated equilateral triangle, with Schläfli symbol t{3}. Seen with two types (colors) of edges, this form only has D3 symmetry.A truncated hexagon, t{6}, is a dodecagon, {12}, alternating two types (colors) of edges. An alternated hexagon, h{6}, is an equilateral triangle, {3}. A regular hexagon can be stellated with equilateral triangles on its edges, creating a hexagram. A regular hexagon can be dissected into six equilateral triangles by adding a center point. This pattern repeats within the regular triangular tiling.A regular hexagon can be extended into a regular dodecagon by.

Hexagon. adding alternating squares and equilateral triangles around it. This pattern repeats within the rhombitrihexagonal tiling.## Self-crossing hexagons.There are six self-crossing hexagons with the vertex arrangement of the regular hexagon:## Hexagonal structures.From bees' honeycombs to the Giant's Causeway, hexagonal patterns are prevalent in nature due to their efficiency. In a hexagonal grid each line is as short as it can possibly be if a large area is to be filled with the fewest hexagons. This means that honeycombs require less wax to construct and gain much strength under compression.Irregular hexagons with parallel opposite edges are called parallelogons and can also tile.

Hexagon. the plane by translation. In three dimensions, hexagonal prisms with parallel opposite faces are called parallelohedrons and these can tessellate 3-space by translation.## Tesselations by hexagons.In addition to the regular hexagon, which determines a unique tessellation of the plane, any irregular hexagon which satisfies the Conway criterion will tile the plane.## Hexagon inscribed in a conic section.Pascal's theorem (also known as the "Hexagrammum Mysticum Theorem") states that if an arbitrary hexagon is inscribed in any conic section, and pairs of opposite sides are extended until they meet, the three intersection points will lie on a straight line, the "Pascal line.

Hexagon. of that configuration.## Cyclic hexagon.The Lemoine hexagon is a cyclic hexagon (one inscribed in a circle) with vertices given by the six intersections of the edges of a triangle and the three lines that are parallel to the edges that pass through its symmedian point.If the successive sides of a cyclic hexagon are "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", then the three main diagonals intersect in a single point if and only if .If, for each side of a cyclic hexagon, the adjacent sides are extended to their intersection, forming a triangle exterior to the given side, then the segments.

Hexagon. connecting the circumcenters of opposite triangles are concurrent.If a hexagon has vertices on the circumcircle of an acute triangle at the six points (including three triangle vertices) where the extended altitudes of the triangle meet the circumcircle, then the area of the hexagon is twice the area of the triangle.## Hexagon tangential to a conic section.Let ABCDEF be a hexagon formed by six tangent lines of a conic section. Then Brianchon's theorem states that the three main diagonals AD, BE, and CF intersect at a single point.In a hexagon that is tangential to a circle and that has consecutive sides.

Hexagon. "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", and "f",formula_16## Equilateral triangles on the sides of an arbitrary hexagon.If an equilateral triangle is constructed externally on each side of any hexagon, then the midpoints of the segments connecting the centroids of opposite triangles form another equilateral triangle.## Skew hexagon.A skew hexagon is a skew polygon with six vertices and edges but not existing on the same plane. The interior of such an hexagon is not generally defined. A "skew zig-zag hexagon" has vertices alternating between two parallel planes.A regular skew hexagon is vertex-transitive with equal edge lengths. In three dimensions it will be.

Hexagon. a zig-zag skew hexagon and can be seen in the vertices and side edges of a triangular antiprism with the same D3d, [2+,6] symmetry, order 12.The cube and octahedron (same as triangular antiprism) have regular skew hexagons as petrie polygons.## Petrie polygons.The regular skew hexagon is the Petrie polygon for these higher dimensional regular, uniform and dual polyhedra and polytopes, shown in these skew orthogonal projections:## Convex equilateral hexagon.A "principal diagonal" of a hexagon is a diagonal which divides the hexagon into quadrilaterals. In any convex equilateral hexagon (one with all sides equal) with common side "a", there exists a.

Hexagon. principal diagonal "d"1 such thatformula_17and a principal diagonal "d"2 such thatformula_18## Polyhedra with hexagons.There is no Platonic solid made of only regular hexagons, because the hexagons tessellate, not allowing the result to "fold up". The Archimedean solids with some hexagonal faces are the truncated tetrahedron, truncated octahedron, truncated icosahedron (of soccer ball and fullerene fame), truncated cuboctahedron and the truncated icosidodecahedron. These hexagons can be considered truncated triangles, with Coxeter diagrams of the form and .There are other symmetry polyhedra with stretched or flattened hexagons, like these Goldberg polyhedron G(2,0):There are also 9 Johnson solids with regular hexagons: 24-cell: a.

Hexagon. four-dimensional figure which, like the hexagon, has orthoplex facets, is self-dual and tessellates Euclidean space Hexagonal crystal system Hexagonal number Hexagonal tiling: a regular tiling of hexagons in a plane Hexagram: six-sided star within a regular hexagon Unicursal hexagram: single path, six-sided star, within a hexagon Honeycomb conjecture Havannah: abstract board game played on a six-sided hexagonal gridDefinition and properties of a hexagon with interactive animation and construction with compass and straightedge.An Introduction to Hexagonal Geometry on Hexnet a website devoted to hexagon mathematics.Hexagons are the Bestagons an animated youtube video about hexagons.


Question: What is the architectural style of this building?

Instruction: Determine the Wikipedia snippet that matches the question of this image.

Torres de Serranos. The Serrans Gate or Serranos Gate (Valencian: Porta dels Serrans, Valencian: [ˈpɔɾta ðels seˈrans]; Spanish: Puerta de Serranos, [ˈpweɾta ðe seˈranos]), also known as Serrans Towers or Serranos Towers (Valencian: Torres dels Serrans, Valencian: [ˈtorez ðels seˈrans]; Spanish: Torres de Serranos, [ˈtorez ðe seˈranos]) is one of the twelve gates that formed part of the ancient city wall, the Christian Wall (Muralla cristiana), of the city of Valencia, Spain. It was built in Valencian Gothic style at the end of the 14th century (between 1392 and 1398). Its name is probably due to its location in the northeast of the.


Question: What is the location of this place?

Instruction: You have to find a Wikipedia segment that answers the question about the displayed image.

Histria (ancient city). establishment, with fishing and agriculture as additional sources of income. By 100 AD, however, fishing had become the main source of Istrian revenue.Around 30 AD, Histria came under Roman domination. During the Roman period from the 1st to 3rd centuries AD, temples were built for the Roman gods, besides a public bath and houses for the wealthy. Altogether, it was in continuous existence for some 14 centuries, starting with the Greek period up to the Roman-Byzantine period. The Halmyris bay where was the city founded was closed by sand deposits and access to the Black Sea gradually was cut. Trade.

Histria (ancient city). continued until the 6th century AD. The invasion of the Avars and the Slavs in the 7th century AD almost entirely destroyed the fortress, and the Istrians dispersed; the name and the city disappeared.## Geographic setting.Ancient Histria was situated on a peninsula, about 5 (km) east of the modern Romanian commune of Istria, on the Dobruja coast. The ancient seashore has since been transformed into the western shore of Sinoe Lake, as the Danube's silt deposits formed a shoal which closed off the ancient coastline. The current Sinoe Lake was at the time the open northern bay, while another bay.

Histria (ancient city). Mangalia) over Tomis "emporion" (Εμπόριον, market) (i.e. modern Constanţa). Another destruction of the city, somewhere around 175 BC, was most probably wreaked by Bastarni passing through after being called upon by Macedonian king Philip V or Perseus to reinforce the army.## Hellenistic layer III (175–100 BC).Mithridates installed a military garrison in Histria, which probably caused the third destruction of the city in the Hellenistic period. During the rule of Mithridates staters are minted in Histria.## Hellenistic layer IV (100–20 BC).Burebista arrived in Dobruja. (Gaius Antonius Hybrida)...while governor of Macedonia, had inflicted many injuries upon the subject territory as well as.

Histria (ancient city). upon that which was in alliance with Rome, and had suffered many disasters in return. 2 For after ravaging the possessions of the Dardanians and their neighbours, he did not dare to await their attack, but pretending to retire with his cavalry for some other purpose, took to flight; in this way the enemy surrounded his infantry and forcibly drove them out of the country, even taking away their plunder from them. 3 When he tried the same tactics on the allies in Moesia, he was defeated near the city of the Istrians by the Bastarnian Scythians who came to.


Question: What is the basionym of this plant?

Instruction: I want to find a paragraph from Wikipedia that answers my question about this image.

Paraserianthes lophantha. of Australia where it is not indigenous, as well as in New Zealand, South Africa, the Canary Islands, and Chile.## Taxonomy.It was first described in 1806 as "Acacia lophantha" by Willdenow, but was transferred to the genus "Paraserianthes" by Nielsen, Guinet and Baretta-Kuipers in 1983. Invasive species in Australia Invasive plants of Australian origin.


Question: What is the closest upper taxonomy of this animal?

Instruction: I want to find a paragraph from Wikipedia that answers my question about this image.

Plains leopard frog. The Plains leopard frog ("Lithobates blairi") is a spotted frog found in North America. It is sometimes referred to as Blair's leopard frog, named after the noted zoologist and University of Texas professor, Dr. W. Frank Blair.## Description.The Plains leopard frog grows from 2.0 to 4.3 (in) in length, and is typically brown in color. Their common name originates from the distinctive irregular, dark colored spotting on their backs. They have long, powerful legs, and are capable of leaping great distances.The frog's spots are brown or greenish brown, and are not ringed in white. There is a distinct white line.

Plains leopard frog. the World: "Lithobates blairi"Animal Diversity Web: "Lithobates blairi.


Question: Which place is this plant endemic to?

Instruction: Retrieve a Wikipedia paragraph that provides an answer to the given query about the image.

Zantedeschia aethiopica. Zantedeschia aethiopica, commonly known as calla lily and arum lily, is a species of flowering plant in the family Araceae, native to southern Africa in Lesotho, South Africa, and Eswatini.## Description."Zantedeschia aethiopica" is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant, evergreen where rainfall and temperatures are adequate, deciduous where there is a dry season. Its preferred habitat is in streams and ponds or on the banks. It grows to 0.6 – 1 (m) tall, with large clumps of broad, arrow shaped dark green leaves up to 45 (cm) long. The inflorescences are large and are produced in spring, summer and autumn, with.

Zantedeschia aethiopica. a pure white spathe up to 25 (cm) and a yellow spadix up to 90 (mm) long. The spadix produces a faint, sweet fragrance."Zantedeschia aethiopica" contains calcium oxalate, and ingestion of the raw plant may cause a severe burning sensation and swelling of lips, tongue, and throat; stomach pain and diarrhea may occur.## Distribution and habitat."Z. aethiopica" is native to southern Africa, specifically Lesotho, Mozambique, South Africa, and Eswatini. It has naturalised in Kenya, Madeira, Azores, Malawi, New Zealand, Tanzania, Zambia, coastal California and Australia, particularly in Western Australia, where it has been classified as a toxic weed and pest.


Question: What is the closest parent taxonomy of this plant?

Instruction: Determine the Wikipedia snippet that matches the question of this image.

Fuchsia excorticata. Fuchsia excorticata, commonly known as tree fuchsia, New Zealand fuchsia and by its Māori name kōtukutuku, is a New Zealand native tree belonging to the family Onagraceae. It is commonly found throughout New Zealand and as far south as the Auckland Islands. It grows from sea level up to about 1000 (m), particularly alongside creeks and rivers. It is easily recognised in its native environment by the characteristic appearance of its bark, which peels spontaneously, hanging in red papery strips to show a pale bark underneath. Its scientific name, "excorticata", reflects this distinctive property."Fuchsia excorticata" is the largest member of.

Fuchsia excorticata. in colour.## Distribution.## Natural global range."Fuchsia excorticata" is endemic to New Zealand.## New Zealand range."Fuchsia excorticata" has a range throughout the North and South Islands, as well as Stewart Island and the Auckland Islands.## Habitat preferences."Fuchsia excorticata" is common in lowland and lower mountainous forest areas, especially on the forest margins, in clearings, and by streams. Even if a forest is close to being destroyed, or is destroyed, tree fuchsias are more than often not still standing because they are close to indestructible. This species is also abundant in cold mountain areas in the South Island.## Life cycle/phenology.The seeds of.

Fuchsia excorticata. which are the main pollinators of "F. excorticata". This species flowers from August to December and produces berries from December to March.## Soil preference.Tree fuchsia can grow in riparian soil and can be utilised as a predecessor species for areas where conditions and soils are not the best. It likes moist soil with a canopy overhead for shade.## Predators, parasites, and diseases.Local birds such as tui, bellbirds, kererū, and silvereyes feed on tree fuchsia. Tui and kererū eat the flowers and fruit; other birds consume the nectar. Tree fuchsia can, and has in some locations, been pushed out of its.

Fuchsia excorticata. habitat by plant competitors such as banana passionfruit and Buddleia. Mammalian threats, such as goats, have been known to forage on tree fuchsia, but they do not have as large an effect as possums. Possums put the tree at risk because they eat the fruit and seeds, and does this without stopping when seed production is low.## Cultural uses.Known as kōtukutuku in Māori, "Fuchsia excorticata" had many uses for the Māori people and early settlers of New Zealand. These uses included as a basic foodstuff, in jams, and use by Māori woman in vapor baths after childbirth. Tannins in the.


Question: Who is the creator of this building?

Instruction: Retrieve a Wikipedia paragraph that provides an answer to the given query about the image.

Monument to the Great Fire of London. west side of the base displays a sculpture, by Caius Gabriel Cibber, in alto and bas relief, of the destruction of the City; with Charles II and his brother, James, the Duke of York (later King James II), surrounded by liberty, architecture, and science, giving directions for its restoration.It gives its name to the nearby London Underground station, Monument.## History.The first Rebuilding Act, passed in 1669, stipulated that "the better to preserve the memory of this dreadful visitation", a column of either brass or stone should be set up on Fish Street Hill, on or near the site of Farynor's.