You will be shown an abstract from a biomedical research paper. Given this abstract, your task is to extract all unique entities of the following types: ["HealthCareActivity", "InjuryOrPoisoning", "BodySubstance", "IntellectualProduct", "AnatomicalStructure", "SpatialConcept", "Chemical", "Bacterium", "MedicalDevice", "Organization", "BiomedicalOccupationOrDiscipline", "Finding", "BiologicFunction", "Virus", "ResearchActivity", "ClinicalAttribute", "PopulationGroup", "Eukaryote", "BodySystem", "Food", "ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup"].

Please return the output as a JSON object of the format: {"Virus": ["HIV", ...], "Bacterium": ["MRSA", ...], "AnatomicalStructure": ["Lung", ...], "BodySystem": ["CNS", ...], "BodySubstance": ["Serum", ...], "Finding": ["Headache", ...], "InjuryOrPoisoning": ["Fracture", ...], "BiologicFunction": ["Death", ...], "HealthCareActivity": ["Biopsy", ...], "ResearchActivity": ["Clinical trial", ...], "MedicalDevice": ["Lenses", ...], "SpatialConcept": ["Camps", ...], "BiomedicalOccupationOrDiscipline": ["Forensic medicine", ...], "Organization": ["WHO", ...], "ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup": ["Provider", ...], "PopulationGroup": ["Swimmers", ...], "Chemical": ["Gold", ...], "Food": ["Rice", ...], "IntellectualProduct": ["RPAM", ...], "ClinicalAttribute": ["Biomarker", ...], "Eukaryote": ["Dogs", ...]}. The keys should be entity types and values should be lists of extracted entities belonging to the corresponding type. If you cannot find entities belonging to a specific type, the value should be [].

Only output the JSON object and do not include any additional text.

Abstract:

PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE-4 INHIBITORS ON PROGRESSION OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES To investigate the effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4) on the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with Type 2 diabetes based on the DR severity scale. The medical records of 82 patients with Type 2 diabetes enrolled from 2005 to 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Fundus photographs were graded using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study methods. The associations between baseline risk factors and progression of DR were investigated. Seven of 28 patients treated with DPP4 inhibitors and 26 of 54 treated with other hypoglycemic agents showed progression of retinopathy, defined as one or more steps on the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study scale (P = 0.043). Only treatment with DPP4 inhibitors significantly reduced the progression of DR in patients after propensity score matching (P = 0.009). Treatment with DPP4 inhibitors was associated with a lower risk of DR progression (P = 0.011). Treatment with DPP4 inhibitors was the independent protective factor against the progression of DR, aside from improving glycemic control. This is the first study to show the benefits of DPP4 inhibitors in reducing DR progression, and provides encouraging preliminary data for further evaluation of DPP4 inhibitors in the progression of DR in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
{"AnatomicalStructure": [], "Bacterium": [], "BiologicFunction": ["retinopathy", "PROGRESSION", "TYPE 2 DIABETES", "progression", "diabetic retinopathy", "DR", "DIABETIC RETINOPATHY", "Type 2 diabetes"], "BiomedicalOccupationOrDiscipline": [], "BodySubstance": [], "BodySystem": [], "Chemical": ["hypoglycemic agents", "dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors", "DPP4 inhibitors", "DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE-4 INHIBITORS", "DPP4"], "ClinicalAttribute": [], "Eukaryote": [], "Finding": ["improving glycemic control", "risk factors"], "Food": [], "HealthCareActivity": ["Fundus photographs", "evaluation"], "InjuryOrPoisoning": [], "IntellectualProduct": ["medical records", "graded", "Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study methods"], "MedicalDevice": [], "Organization": [], "PopulationGroup": [], "ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup": [], "ResearchActivity": ["double-blind", "randomized"], "SpatialConcept": [], "Virus": []}