You will be presented with the full text of a biomedical research paper. Please write an abstract for this paper. Your response should include the abstract and no additional text.

Paper text:
we do nt know that what the new anti - diabetic agents long - term or unknown rare side - effects are on patients . by the time
, we will be experienced their rare or long - term side - effects together . in this case
, we aim to make health care providers alert to focus on a possible side effect of sitagliptin that may lead to noncardiac pulmonary edema .
the administration of oxygen therapy , inhalation of beta agonist and intravenous furosemide infusion was started quickly . during follow - up of the patient , his symptoms improved by the treatment .
a 74-year - old male patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to the emergency department with the complaints of progressive breathlessness , dry cough and swollen lower extremities .
he was taking acarbose 50 mg 3 times a day and telmisartan hydrochlorothiazide 80/12.5 mg once a day .
his hba1c was not within the target range so sitagliptin was added to ongoing therapy .
after 1 week of starting sitagliptin therapy even though the patient had not heart failure he applied to the emergency department with a complaint of dyspnea . in the admission he had severe dyspnea and lower extremity edema .
physical examination revealed bibasilar lung crackles , + + /++ pretibial edema , arterial blood pressure of 120/80 mmhg , heart rate of 120 pulse / min and respiratory rate of 30/min .
the rest of the physical examination was normal . in the emergency department the administration of oxygen therapy , inhalation of beta agonist and intravenous furosemide infusion was started quickly .
chest x - ray revealed bibasilar pulmonary edema [ figure 1 ] . during follow - up of the patient , his symptoms improved by the treatment .
fasting plasma glucose was 231 mg / dl and the remaining laboratory parameters were normal .
cardiogenic or noncardiogenic pulmonary edema is a condition that is associated with high morbidity and mortality .
acute respiratory distress syndrome , high altitude pulmonary edema , disseminated intravascular coagulopathy , smoke inhalation , head trauma , overwhelming sepsis , hypovolemia shock , near - drowning and many drugs ( ranging from illegal drugs such as heroin and cocaine to aspirin and chemotherapy drugs ) are known to cause noncardiac pulmonary edema .
naranjo probability scale of our patient was seven and we thought that it was probably an adverse drug reaction .
so we told the patient to stop taking sitagliptin and recalled him for re - evaluation after few days .
previous study reported that another dipeptidyl peptidase 4 ( dpp-4 ) inhibitors saxagliptin increased the rate of hospitalization for diabetic patients with heart failure .
furthermore , there is an ehealthme document which shows us that the sitagliptin is also one of the causes of noncardiac pulmonary edema .
17,872 people reported to have side effects when taking sitagliptin . among them , 7 people ( 0.04% ) have noncardiogenic pulmonary edema .
our case and a previous study have shown that dpp-4 inhibitors may cause pulmonary edema .
if a patient admit an emergency unit with severe dyspnea , the physician should ask if it is related with the sitagliptin or not .
a 74-year - old male patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to the emergency department with the complaints of progressive breathlessness , dry cough , and swollen lower extremities . 
 our patient had type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension for 3 years . 
 his hba1c was not within the target range so sitagliptin was added to on - going therapy . 
 after 1 week of starting sitagliptin therapy , even though the patient had not heart failure he applied to the emergency department with a complaint of dyspnea . the cardiovascular safety and efficacy of many anti - hyperglycemic agents such as sitagliptin , 
 saxagliptin are unclear . 
 our case has shown that dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors may cause pulmonary edema . 
 hence , it should be used with cautious , especially in patients with heart failure .