You will be shown an abstract from a biomedical research paper. Given this abstract, your task is to extract all unique entities of the following types: ["HealthCareActivity", "InjuryOrPoisoning", "BodySubstance", "IntellectualProduct", "AnatomicalStructure", "SpatialConcept", "Chemical", "Bacterium", "MedicalDevice", "Organization", "BiomedicalOccupationOrDiscipline", "Finding", "BiologicFunction", "Virus", "ResearchActivity", "ClinicalAttribute", "PopulationGroup", "Eukaryote", "BodySystem", "Food", "ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup"].

Please return the output as a JSON object of the format: {"Virus": ["HIV", ...], "Bacterium": ["MRSA", ...], "AnatomicalStructure": ["Lung", ...], "BodySystem": ["CNS", ...], "BodySubstance": ["Serum", ...], "Finding": ["Headache", ...], "InjuryOrPoisoning": ["Fracture", ...], "BiologicFunction": ["Death", ...], "HealthCareActivity": ["Biopsy", ...], "ResearchActivity": ["Clinical trial", ...], "MedicalDevice": ["Lenses", ...], "SpatialConcept": ["Camps", ...], "BiomedicalOccupationOrDiscipline": ["Forensic medicine", ...], "Organization": ["WHO", ...], "ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup": ["Provider", ...], "PopulationGroup": ["Swimmers", ...], "Chemical": ["Gold", ...], "Food": ["Rice", ...], "IntellectualProduct": ["RPAM", ...], "ClinicalAttribute": ["Biomarker", ...], "Eukaryote": ["Dogs", ...]}. The keys should be entity types and values should be lists of extracted entities belonging to the corresponding type. If you cannot find entities belonging to a specific type, the value should be [].

Only output the JSON object and do not include any additional text.

Abstract:

AMPK - autophagy inhibition sensitizes icaritin - induced anti-colorectal cancer cell activity The current research studied the potential effect of autophagy on icaritin - induced anti-colorectal cancer (CRC) cell activity. Treatment of icaritin in both primary and established (HT-29) CRC cells induced feedback activation of autophagy, evidenced by p62 degradation, Beclin-1 and autophagy-related gene-5 (ATG-5) upregulation, as well as light chain 3B (LC3B)- GFP puncta formation. Pharmacological inhibiting of autophagy dramatically potentiated icaritin - induced CRC cell death and apoptosis. Meanwhile, shRNA -mediated knockdown of Beclin-1 or ATG-5 also sensitized icaritin - induced CRC cell death and apoptosis. Icaritin activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling in CRC cells, functioning as the upstream signaling for autophagy activation. shRNA / siRNA -mediated knockdown of AMPKα1 inhibited icaritin - induced autophagy activation, but exacerbated CRC cell death. On the other hand, the AMPK activator compound 13 (C13) or the autophagy activator MHY1485 attenuated icaritin - induced cytotoxicity. In nude mice, icaritin (oral administration)- induced HT-29 tumor growth inhibition was potentiated when combined with AMPKα1 shRNA knockdown in tumors. We conclude that feedback activation of AMPK - autophagy pathway could be a primary resistance factor of icaritin.
{"AnatomicalStructure": ["AMPK\u03b11", "Beclin-1", "p62", "autophagy-related gene-5", "HT-29", "cells", "ATG-5"], "Bacterium": [], "BiologicFunction": ["upregulation", "tumors", "apoptosis", "autophagy", "degradation", "cell death", "signaling", "pathway", "CRC", "cytotoxicity", "cell activity"], "BiomedicalOccupationOrDiscipline": [], "BodySubstance": [], "BodySystem": [], "Chemical": ["Icaritin", "LC3B", "light chain 3B", "icaritin", "AMPK", "siRNA", "C13", "MHY1485", "GFP", "compound 13", "AMP-activated protein kinase", "shRNA"], "ClinicalAttribute": [], "Eukaryote": ["nude mice"], "Finding": ["anti-colorectal cancer"], "Food": [], "HealthCareActivity": ["oral administration"], "InjuryOrPoisoning": [], "IntellectualProduct": [], "MedicalDevice": [], "Organization": [], "PopulationGroup": [], "ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup": [], "ResearchActivity": ["research", "knockdown"], "SpatialConcept": [], "Virus": []}