You are presented with multiple paper abstracts, alongside the associated literature review and chapter titles. Given the provided information, you are going to do a literature review. Please generate a coherent literature review that synthesizes the content, draws connections between different works, highlights major findings, and identifies any gaps in the existing research.

Literature Review Title: A Survey of Gene Prioritization Tools for Mendelian and Complex Human Diseases 
Chapter Title:  Evaluation of Gene Prioritization Tools 
1. Abstract of Cited Paper (BIB001):  Motivation: Gene prioritization aims at identifying the most promising candidate genes among a large pool of candidates—so as to maximize the yield and biological relevance of further downstream validation experiments and functional studies. During the past few years, several gene prioritization tools have been defined, and some of them have been implemented and made available through freely available web tools. In this study, we aim at comparing the predictive performance of eight publicly available prioritization tools on novel data. We have performed an analysis in which 42 recently reported disease-gene associations from literature are used to benchmark these tools before the underlying databases are updated. ::: ::: Results: Cross-validation on retrospective data provides performance estimate likely to be overoptimistic because some of the data sources are contaminated with knowledge from disease-gene association. Our approach mimics a novel discovery more closely and thus provides more realistic performance estimates. There are, however, marked differences, and tools that rely on more advanced data integration schemes appear more powerful. ::: ::: Contact: yves.moreau@esat.kuleuven.be ::: ::: Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. 
2. Abstract of Cited Paper (BIB002):  In order to maximize the use of results from high-throughput experimental studies, e.g. GWAS, for identification and diagnostics of new disease-associated genes, it is important to have properly an ...

Literature Review:
Although some individual tools may demonstrate superior performance on average, none of them outperform in all cases BIB002 ,  , BIB003 , BIB001 . This may happen because of the different capability of methods to model aspects relevant to the disease mechanism, or due to the usage of distinct validation approaches and different training and testing datasets. In this chapter, we discuss approaches for validation of gene prioritization results, measures of performance, and their advantages and disadvantages.