You are presented with multiple paper abstracts, alongside the associated literature review and chapter titles. Given the provided information, you are going to do a literature review. Please generate a coherent literature review that synthesizes the content, draws connections between different works, highlights major findings, and identifies any gaps in the existing research.

Literature Review Title: A survey of security issues in wireless sensor networks 
Chapter Title:  KEY MANAGEMENT PROTOCOLS 
1. Abstract of Cited Paper (BIB001):  Advances in technology introduce new application areas for sensor networks. Foreseeable wide deployment of mission critical sensor networks creates concerns on security issues. Security of large scale densely deployed and infrastructure less wireless networks of resource limited sensor nodes requires efficient key distribution and management mechanisms. We consider distributed and hierarchical wireless sensor networks where unicast, multicast and broadcast type of communications can take place. We evaluate deterministic, probabilistic and hybrid type of key pre-distribution and dynamic key generation algorithms for distributing pair-wise, group-wise and network-wise keys.

Literature Review:
Key management is a core mechanism to ensure the security of network services and applications in WSNs. The goal of key management is to establish required keys between sensor nodes which must exchange data. Further, a key management scheme should also support node addition and revocation while working in undefined deployment environments. Due to the constraints on sensor nodes, key management schemes in WSNs have many differences with the schemes in ad hoc networks. As shown above, public key cryptography suffers from limitations in WSNs. Thus, most proposed key management schemes are based on symmetric key cryptography. Further, a straight pairwise private key sharing scheme between every pair of nodes is also impractical in WSNs. A pairwise private key sharing scheme requires predistribution and storage of n -1 keys in each node, where n is the number of nodes in a sensor network. Due to the large amount of memory required, pairwise schemes are not viable when the network size is large. Moreover, most key pairs would be unusable since direct communication is possible only among neighboring nodes. This scheme is also not flexible for node addition and revocation. In this section, we discuss key management protocols in WSNs. Another investigation of key management mechanisms for WSNs can be found in BIB002 . Figure 2 shows a taxonomy of key management protocols in WSNs. According to the network structure, the protocols nTable 5. Symmetric key cryptography: average RC5 and skipjack execution times (Source: BIB001 ).