You will be shown an abstract from a biomedical research paper. Given this abstract, your task is to extract all unique entities of the following types: ["HealthCareActivity", "InjuryOrPoisoning", "BodySubstance", "IntellectualProduct", "AnatomicalStructure", "SpatialConcept", "Chemical", "Bacterium", "MedicalDevice", "Organization", "BiomedicalOccupationOrDiscipline", "Finding", "BiologicFunction", "Virus", "ResearchActivity", "ClinicalAttribute", "PopulationGroup", "Eukaryote", "BodySystem", "Food", "ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup"].

Please return the output as a JSON object of the format: {"Virus": ["HIV", ...], "Bacterium": ["MRSA", ...], "AnatomicalStructure": ["Lung", ...], "BodySystem": ["CNS", ...], "BodySubstance": ["Serum", ...], "Finding": ["Headache", ...], "InjuryOrPoisoning": ["Fracture", ...], "BiologicFunction": ["Death", ...], "HealthCareActivity": ["Biopsy", ...], "ResearchActivity": ["Clinical trial", ...], "MedicalDevice": ["Lenses", ...], "SpatialConcept": ["Camps", ...], "BiomedicalOccupationOrDiscipline": ["Forensic medicine", ...], "Organization": ["WHO", ...], "ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup": ["Provider", ...], "PopulationGroup": ["Swimmers", ...], "Chemical": ["Gold", ...], "Food": ["Rice", ...], "IntellectualProduct": ["RPAM", ...], "ClinicalAttribute": ["Biomarker", ...], "Eukaryote": ["Dogs", ...]}. The keys should be entity types and values should be lists of extracted entities belonging to the corresponding type. If you cannot find entities belonging to a specific type, the value should be [].

Only output the JSON object and do not include any additional text.

Abstract:

Homocysteine as a peripheral biomarker in bipolar disorder: A meta-analysis Bipolar disorder (BD) is a psychiatric disorder with an uncertain aetiology. Recently, special attention has been given to homocysteine (Hcy), as it has been suggested that alterations in 1-carbon metabolism might be implicated in diverse psychiatric disorders. However, there is uncertainty regarding possible alterations in peripheral Hcy levels in BD. This study comprises a meta-analysis comparing serum and plasma Hcy levels in persons with BD and healthy controls. We conducted a systematic search for all eligible English and non-English peer-reviewed articles. Nine cross-sectional studies were included in the meta-analyses, providing data on 1547 participants. Random-effects meta-analysis showed that serum and plasma levels of Hcy were increased in subjects with BD in either mania or euthymia when compared to healthy controls, with a large effect size in the mania group (g=0.98, 95% CI: 0.8-1.17, P<0.001, n=495) and a small effect in the euthymia group (g=0.3, 95% CI: 0.11-0.48, P=0.002, n=1052). Our meta-analysis provides evidence that Hcy levels are elevated in persons with BD during mania and euthymia. Peripheral Hcy could be considered as a potential biomarker in BD, both of trait (since it is increased in euthymia), and also of state (since its increase is more accentuated in mania). Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the relationship between bipolar disorder and Hcy, as well as the usefulness of peripheral Hcy as both a trait and state biomarker in BD.
{"AnatomicalStructure": [], "Bacterium": [], "BiologicFunction": ["psychiatric disorder", "BD", "mania", "bipolar disorder", "euthymia", "psychiatric disorders", "Bipolar disorder", "1-carbon metabolism"], "BiomedicalOccupationOrDiscipline": [], "BodySubstance": [], "BodySystem": [], "Chemical": ["Hcy", "Homocysteine", "homocysteine"], "ClinicalAttribute": ["biomarker"], "Eukaryote": [], "Finding": ["Hcy levels are elevated", "uncertain", "uncertainty"], "Food": [], "HealthCareActivity": ["serum", "plasma Hcy levels", "plasma levels of Hcy"], "InjuryOrPoisoning": [], "IntellectualProduct": ["peer-reviewed articles"], "MedicalDevice": [], "Organization": [], "PopulationGroup": ["participants", "persons", "group"], "ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup": [], "ResearchActivity": ["meta-analyses", "meta-analysis", "Longitudinal studies", "cross-sectional studies"], "SpatialConcept": ["peripheral", "Peripheral"], "Virus": []}