You are presented with multiple paper abstracts, alongside the associated literature review and chapter titles. Given the provided information, you are going to do a literature review. Please generate a coherent literature review that synthesizes the content, draws connections between different works, highlights major findings, and identifies any gaps in the existing research.

Literature Review Title: A Survey of Routing Attacks and Security Measures in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks 
Chapter Title:  PROACTIVE ROUTING PROTOCOLS 
1. Abstract of Cited Paper (BIB001):  We consider a large population of mobile stations that are interconnected by a multihop wireless network. The applications of this wireless infrastructure range from ad hoc networking (e.g., collaborative, distributed computing) to disaster recovery (e.g., fire, flood, earthquake), law enforcement (e.g., crowd control, search-and-rescue), and military (automated battlefield). Key characteristics of this system are the large number of users, their mobility, and the need to operate without the support of a fixed (wired or wireless) infrastructure. The last feature sets this system apart from existing cellular systems and in fact makes its design much more challenging. In this environment, we investigate routing strategies that scale well to large populations and can handle mobility. In addition, we address the need to support multimedia communications, with low latency requirements for interactive traffic and quality-of-service (QoS) support for real-time streams (voice/video). In the wireless routing area, several schemes have already been proposed and implemented (e.g., hierarchical routing, on-demand routing, etc.). We introduce two new schemes-fisheye state routing (FSR) and hierarchical state routing (HSR)-which offer some competitive advantages over the existing schemes. We compare the performance of existing and proposed schemes via simulation. 
2. Abstract of Cited Paper (BIB002):  In this paper, we describe the Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR) [1] for Mobile Ad-hoc NETworks (MANETs) and the evaluation of this protocol through experiments and simulations. In particular, we emphasize the practical tests and intensive simulations, which have been used in guiding and evaluating the design of the protocol, and which have been a key to identifying both problems and solutions. OLSR is a proactive link-state routing protocol, employing periodic message exchange for updating topological information in each node in the network. I.e. topological information is flooded to all nodes in the network. Conceptually, OLSR contains three elements: Mechanisms for neighbor sensing based on periodic exchange of HELLO messages within a node’s neighborhood. Generic mechanisms for efficient flooding of control traffic into the network employing the concept of multipoint relays (MPRs) [5] for a significant reduction of duplicate retransmissions during the flooding process. And a specification of a set of control-messages providing each node with sufficient topological information to be able to compute an optimal route to each destination in the network using any shortest-path algorithm. Experimental work, running a test-network of laptops with IEEE 802.11 wireless cards, revealed interesting properties. While the protocol, as originally specified, works quite well, it was found, that enforcing “jitter” on the interval between the periodic exchange of control messages in OLSR and piggybacking said control messages into a single packet, significantly reduced the number of messages lost due to collisions. It was also observed, that under certain conditions a “naive” neighbor sensing mechanism was insufficient: a bad link between two nodes (e.g. when two nodes are on the edge of radio range) might on occasion transmit a HELLO message in both directions (hence enabling the link for routing), while not being able to sustain continuous traffic. This would result in “route-flapping” and temporary loss of connectivity. With the experimental results as basis, we have been deploying simulations to reveal the impact of the various algorithmic improvements, described above.

Literature Review:
Proactive MANET protocols are table-driven and will actively determine the layout of the network. The complete picture of the network is maintained at every node, so route selection time is minimal. But the mobility of nodes if high then routing information in the routing table invalidates very quickly, resulting in many short lived routes. This also causes a large amount of traffic overhead generated when evaluating these unnecessary routes. For large size networks and the networks whose member nodes make sparse transmissions, most of the routing information is deemed redundant. Energy conservation being very important in MANETs, the excessive expenditure of energy is not desired. Thus, proactive MANET protocols work best in networks that have low node mobility or where the nodes transmit data frequently. Examples of proactive MANET protocols include Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) BIB003 , Topology Broadcast based on Reverse Path Forwarding (TBRPF)  , Fish-eye State Routing (FSR) BIB002 , Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV) BIB001 , Landmark Routing Protocol (LANMAR)  , Clusterhead Gateway Switch Routing Protocol (CGSR)  .