You will be shown the abstract of a medical clinical trial report. Your task is to extract all the findings from this report into a JSON array. Each finding should contain the following five elements:

- Intervention: The medical intervention being tested. This should be a text span copied from the input passage.
- Comparator: The baseline against which the intervention is being evaluated. This should be a text span copied from the input passage. If no comparator is reported, set to `null`.
- Outcome: The medical outcome whose effect is being measured. This should be a text span copied from the input passage.
- Effect: The effect of the intervention on the outcome, relative to the comparator. The effect should be one of the following three values: ("significantly increased", "significantly decreased", "no significant difference").
- Evidence: The evidence for the effect. This should be a text span copied from the input passage.

Please format your output as a JSON array. Each entry in the output should be an array containing the 5 elements listed above, in the following order: [<intervention>, <comparator>, <outcome>, <effect>, <evidence>].

For example, an output with two findings might read:
```
[["aspirin", "placebo", "headache severity", "significantly decreased", "Mean headache severity was significantly decreased in the aspirin group compared to the placebo group (p < 0.05)."], ["aspirin", "placebo", "weight loss", "no significant difference", "We did not observe any difference in weight loss between the group given aspirin relative to the control group"]]
```

There are 6 finding(s) in the abstract below. Please extract them. Output only the JSON array with these 6 findings. Do not include any additional text.

Abstract:
ABSTRACT.BACKGROUND: Resistance of malaria parasites to chloroquine (CQ) and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) is increasing in prevalence in Africa. Combination therapy can both improve treatment and provide important public health benefits if it curbs the spread of parasites harbouring resistance genes. Thus, drug combinations must be identified which minimise gametocyte emergence in treated cases, and so prevent selective transmission of parasites resistant to any of the partner drugs.

ABSTRACT.METHODS AND FINDINGS: In a randomised controlled trial, 497 children with uncomplicated falciparum malaria were treated with CQ and SP (three doses and one dose respectively; n = 91), or six doses of artemether in fixed combination with lumefantrine (co-artemether [Coartem, Riamet]) (n = 406). Carriage rates of Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes and trophozoites were measured 7, 14, and 28 d after treatment. The infectiousness of venous blood from 29 children carrying P. falciparum gametocytes 7 d after treatment was tested by membrane-feeding of Anopheles mosquitoes. <p> Children treated with co-artemether were significantly less likely to carry gametocytes within the 4 weeks following treatment than those receiving CQ/SP (30 of 378 [7.94%] versus 42 of 86 [48.8%]; p < 0.0001). Carriers in the co-artemether group harboured gametocytes at significantly lower densities, for shorter periods (0.3 d versus 4.2 d; p < 0.0001) and were less infectious to mosquitoes at day 7 (p < 0.001) than carriers who had received CQ/SP.

ABSTRACT.CONCLUSIONS: Co-artemether is highly effective at preventing post-treatment transmission of P. falciparum. Our results suggest that co-artemether has specific activity against immature sequestered gametocytes, and has the capacity to minimise transmission of drug-resistant parasites.

Findings:
[["chloroquine (CQ) and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP)", "artemether in fixed combination with lumefantrine", "carring gametocytes within the 4 weeks following treatment", "significantly increased", "Children treated with co-artemether were significantly less likely to carry gametocytes within the 4 weeks following treatment than those receiving CQ/SP (30 of 378 [7.94%] versus 42 of 86 [48.8%]; p \u0026lt; 0.0001)."], ["chloroquine (CQ) and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP)", "artemether in fixed combination with lumefantrine", "carring gametocytes within the 4 weeks following treatment", "significantly increased", "Children treated with co-artemether were significantly less likely to carry gametocytes within the 4 weeks following treatment than those receiving CQ/SP (30 of 378 [7.94%] versus 42 of 86 [48.8%]; p \u003c 0.0001)."], ["chloroquine (CQ) and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP)", "artemether in fixed combination with lumefantrine", "Carriers  harboured gametocytes at densities and time periods", "significantly increased", "Carriers in the co-artemether group harboured gametocytes at significantly lower densities, for shorter periods (0.3 d versus 4.2 d; p \u0026lt; 0.0001) and were less infectious to mosquitoes at day 7 (p \u0026lt; 0.001) than carriers who had received CQ/SP."], ["chloroquine (CQ) and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP)", "artemether in fixed combination with lumefantrine", "Carriers  harboured gametocytes at densities and time periods", "significantly increased", "Carriers in the co-artemether group harboured gametocytes at significantly lower densities, for shorter periods (0.3 d versus 4.2 d; p \u003c 0.0001) and were less infectious to mosquitoes at day 7 (p \u003c 0.001) than carriers who had received CQ/SP."], ["chloroquine (CQ) and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP)", "artemether in fixed combination with lumefantrine", "infectious to mosquitoes at day 7", "significantly increased", "Carriers in the co-artemether group harboured gametocytes at significantly lower densities, for shorter periods (0.3 d versus 4.2 d; p \u0026lt; 0.0001) and were less infectious to mosquitoes at day 7 (p \u0026lt; 0.001) than carriers who had received CQ/SP."], ["chloroquine (CQ) and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP)", "artemether in fixed combination with lumefantrine", "infectious to mosquitoes at day 7", "significantly increased", "Carriers in the co-artemether group harboured gametocytes at significantly lower densities, for shorter periods (0.3 d versus 4.2 d; p \u003c 0.0001) and were less infectious to mosquitoes at day 7 (p \u003c 0.001) than carriers who had received CQ/SP."]]