You will be shown an abstract from a biomedical research paper. Given this abstract, your task is to extract all unique entities of the following types: ["Chemical"].

Please return the output as a JSON object of the format: {"Chemical": ["Arsenic", ...]}. The keys should be entity types and values should be lists of extracted entities belonging to the corresponding type. If you cannot find entities belonging to a specific type, the value should be [].

Only output the JSON object and do not include any additional text.

Abstract:

Canna indica L. attenuates high-glucose- and lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory mediators in monocyte/macrophage. ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Canna indica L. (CI) has been widely used as a folklore medicine in tropical and subtropical areas with beneficial effects in numerous diseases, including infection, rheumatism, hepatitis, and it has also been identified as an antioxidant. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of CI ethanolic extract (CIE) on productions of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. In addition, the effects of CIE in high glucose (HG)-induced U937 monocytes on mRNA expressions of IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways were also identified. RESULTS: CIE was found to inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators including NO, IL-1β, and PGE2 from LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. The increases in HG-induced mRNA expressions of IL-8 and MCP-1 were also significantly inhibited by CIE. Stimulation of HG in U937 monocytes resulted in activation of p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, and JNK. However, CIE treatment significantly decreased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, and JNK. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that CIE suppressed the LPS-induced inflammatory mediator production and also inhibited HG-induced inflammatory mediator expression by the regulation of MAPK pathway.
{"Chemical": ["glucose", "PGE2", "prostaglandin E2", "nitric oxide", "NO"]}