You will be shown an abstract from a biomedical research paper. Given this abstract, your task is to extract all unique entities of the following types: ["HealthCareActivity", "InjuryOrPoisoning", "BodySubstance", "IntellectualProduct", "AnatomicalStructure", "SpatialConcept", "Chemical", "Bacterium", "MedicalDevice", "Organization", "BiomedicalOccupationOrDiscipline", "Finding", "BiologicFunction", "Virus", "ResearchActivity", "ClinicalAttribute", "PopulationGroup", "Eukaryote", "BodySystem", "Food", "ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup"].

Please return the output as a JSON object of the format: {"Virus": ["HIV", ...], "Bacterium": ["MRSA", ...], "AnatomicalStructure": ["Lung", ...], "BodySystem": ["CNS", ...], "BodySubstance": ["Serum", ...], "Finding": ["Headache", ...], "InjuryOrPoisoning": ["Fracture", ...], "BiologicFunction": ["Death", ...], "HealthCareActivity": ["Biopsy", ...], "ResearchActivity": ["Clinical trial", ...], "MedicalDevice": ["Lenses", ...], "SpatialConcept": ["Camps", ...], "BiomedicalOccupationOrDiscipline": ["Forensic medicine", ...], "Organization": ["WHO", ...], "ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup": ["Provider", ...], "PopulationGroup": ["Swimmers", ...], "Chemical": ["Gold", ...], "Food": ["Rice", ...], "IntellectualProduct": ["RPAM", ...], "ClinicalAttribute": ["Biomarker", ...], "Eukaryote": ["Dogs", ...]}. The keys should be entity types and values should be lists of extracted entities belonging to the corresponding type. If you cannot find entities belonging to a specific type, the value should be [].

Only output the JSON object and do not include any additional text.

Abstract:

High throughput resistance profiling of Plasmodium falciparum infections based on custom dual indexing and Illumina next generation sequencing-technology Genetic polymorphisms in P. falciparum can be used to indicate the parasite's susceptibility to antimalarial drugs as well as its geographical origin. Both of these factors are key to monitoring development and spread of antimalarial drug resistance. In this study, we combine multiplex PCR, custom designed dual indexing and Miseq sequencing for high throughput SNP - profiling of 457 malaria infections from Guinea-Bissau, at the cost of 10 USD per sample. By amplifying and sequencing 15 genetic fragments, we cover 20 resistance -conferring SNPs occurring in pfcrt, pfmdr1, pfdhfr, pfdhps, as well as the entire length of pfK13, and the mitochondrial barcode for parasite origin. SNPs of interest were sequenced with an average depth of 2,043 reads, and bases were called for the various SNP - positions with a p-value below 0.05, for 89.8-100% of samples. The SNP data indicates that artemisinin resistance -conferring SNPs in pfK13 are absent from the studied area of Guinea-Bissau, while the pfmdr1 86 N allele is found at a high prevalence. The mitochondrial barcodes are unanimous and accommodate a West African origin of the parasites. With this method, very reliable high throughput surveillance of antimalarial drug resistance becomes more affordable than ever before.
{"AnatomicalStructure": ["pfdhps", "mitochondrial", "pfcrt", "pfdhfr", "pfK13", "pfmdr1"], "Bacterium": [], "BiologicFunction": ["amplifying", "Genetic polymorphisms", "infections", "resistance", "artemisinin resistance", "Plasmodium falciparum infections", "malaria", "antimalarial drug resistance"], "BiomedicalOccupationOrDiscipline": [], "BodySubstance": [], "BodySystem": [], "Chemical": ["antimalarial drugs", "artemisinin", "antimalarial"], "ClinicalAttribute": [], "Eukaryote": ["Plasmodium falciparum", "P. falciparum", "parasite\u0027s", "parasite", "parasites"], "Finding": ["susceptibility", "origin", "West African origin"], "Food": [], "HealthCareActivity": ["surveillance", "multiplex PCR", "sequencing", "monitoring"], "InjuryOrPoisoning": [], "IntellectualProduct": ["method", "barcodes", "barcode", "Miseq"], "MedicalDevice": [], "Organization": [], "PopulationGroup": ["West African"], "ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup": [], "ResearchActivity": ["custom dual indexing", "custom designed dual indexing", "Illumina next generation sequencing-technology"], "SpatialConcept": ["geographical origin", "Guinea-Bissau", "positions", "SNP", "SNPs"], "Virus": []}