You are provided with the abstract of a scientific paper and the abstracts of the papers it references. Your task is to write a Related Work section for the main paper. This section should concisely summarize and integrate the key points from the cited abstracts, reflecting how they relate to the main paper's contributions and context. In your summary, use numerical citation markers like [1], [2], etc., to refer to the corresponding papers.

Main Abstract:
Memory-bound algorithms show complex performance and energy consumption behavior on multicore processors. We choose the lattice-Boltzmann method (LBM) on an Intel Sandy Bridge cluster as a prototype scenario to investigate if and how single-chip performance and power characteristics can be generalized to the highly parallel case. First we perform an analysis of a sparse-lattice LBM implementation for complex geometries. Using a single-core performance model, we predict the intra-chip saturation characteristics and the optimal operating point in terms of energy to solution as a function of implementation details, clock frequency, vectorization, and number of active cores per chip. We show that high single-core performance and a correct choice of the number of active cores per chip are the essential optimizations for lowest energy to solution at minimal performance degradation. Then we extrapolate to the MPI-parallel level and quantify the energy-saving potential of various optimizations and execution modes, where we find these guidelines to be even more important, especially when communication overhead is non-negligible. In our setup we could achieve energy savings of 35 in this case, compared to a naive approach. We also demonstrate that a simple non-reflective reduction of the clock speed leaves most of the energy saving potential unused.

Cited Abstract(s):
[1]: The Roofline model offers insight on how to improve the performance of software and hardware.
The model of et al [1] provides valuable insight into how much performance can be achieved with regard to the typical limiting factors memory bandwidth and arithmetic throughput. This allows for a first assessment of how far the performance of the code at hand deviates from the maximum sustainable performance (the light speed'').