You will be shown an abstract from a biomedical research paper. Given this abstract, your task is to extract all unique entities of the following types: ["HealthCareActivity", "InjuryOrPoisoning", "BodySubstance", "IntellectualProduct", "AnatomicalStructure", "SpatialConcept", "Chemical", "Bacterium", "MedicalDevice", "Organization", "BiomedicalOccupationOrDiscipline", "Finding", "BiologicFunction", "Virus", "ResearchActivity", "ClinicalAttribute", "PopulationGroup", "Eukaryote", "BodySystem", "Food", "ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup"].

Please return the output as a JSON object of the format: {"Virus": ["HIV", ...], "Bacterium": ["MRSA", ...], "AnatomicalStructure": ["Lung", ...], "BodySystem": ["CNS", ...], "BodySubstance": ["Serum", ...], "Finding": ["Headache", ...], "InjuryOrPoisoning": ["Fracture", ...], "BiologicFunction": ["Death", ...], "HealthCareActivity": ["Biopsy", ...], "ResearchActivity": ["Clinical trial", ...], "MedicalDevice": ["Lenses", ...], "SpatialConcept": ["Camps", ...], "BiomedicalOccupationOrDiscipline": ["Forensic medicine", ...], "Organization": ["WHO", ...], "ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup": ["Provider", ...], "PopulationGroup": ["Swimmers", ...], "Chemical": ["Gold", ...], "Food": ["Rice", ...], "IntellectualProduct": ["RPAM", ...], "ClinicalAttribute": ["Biomarker", ...], "Eukaryote": ["Dogs", ...]}. The keys should be entity types and values should be lists of extracted entities belonging to the corresponding type. If you cannot find entities belonging to a specific type, the value should be [].

Only output the JSON object and do not include any additional text.

Abstract:

Silk I and Silk II studied by fast scanning calorimetry Using fast scanning calorimetry (FSC), we investigated the glass transition and crystal melting of samples of B. mori silk fibroin containing Silk I and/or Silk II crystal s. Due to the very short residence times at high temperatures during such measurements, thermal decomposition of silk protein can be significantly suppressed. FSC was performed at 2000K/s using the Mettler Flash DSC1 on fibroin films with masses around 130-270ng. Films were prepared with different crystalline fractions (ranging from 0.26 to 0.50) and with different crystal structures (Silk I, Silk II, or mixed) by varying the processing conditions. These included water annealing at different temperatures, exposure to 50% MeOH in water, or autoclaving. The resulting crystal structure was examined using wide angle X-ray scattering. Degree of crystallinity was evaluated from Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and from analysis of the heat capacity increment at the glass transition temperature. Silk fibroin films prepared by water annealing at 25°C were the least crystalline and had Silk I structure. FTIR and FSC studies showed that films prepared by autoclaving or 50% MeOH exposure were the most crystalline and had Silk II structure. Intermediate crystalline fraction and mixed Silk I / Silk II structure s were found in films prepared by water annealing at 37°C. FSC results indicate that Silk I I crystals exhibit endotherms of narrower width and have higher mean melting temperature Tm(II)=351±2.6°C, compared to Silk I crystals which melt at Tm(I)=292±3.8°C. Films containing mixed Silk I / Silk II structure showed two clearly separated endothermic peaks. Evidence suggests that the two types of crystal s melt separately and do not thermal ly interconvert on the extremely short time scale (0.065s between onset and end of melting) of the FSC experiment. Silkworm silk is a naturally occurring biomaterial. The fibroin component of silk forms two types of crystals. Silk properties depend upon the amount and type of crystals, and their stability. One measure of stability is crystal melting temperature. Crystal s which are more stable have a higher melting temperature. Until now, it has been challenging to study thermal behavior of silk crystal s because they degrade at high temperature. To avoid degradation, and study the melting properties of silk biomaterial, we heated silk at a very fast rate of 2000K/s using a special calorimeter. We have shown that the two crystal types have very different melting temperature s, indicating that one crystal type is much more stable than the other.
{"AnatomicalStructure": [], "Bacterium": [], "BiologicFunction": [], "BiomedicalOccupationOrDiscipline": [], "BodySubstance": [], "BodySystem": [], "Chemical": ["crystal structure", "crystal", "crystalline", "silk protein", "crystal structures", "Silk", "Silk I I", "crystals", "Silk fibroin", "fibroin component", "MeOH", "fibroin", "water", "silk forms", "silk", "silk fibroin", "Silk II", "Crystal", "crystallinity", "structure", "Silk I"], "ClinicalAttribute": [], "Eukaryote": ["B. mori", "Silkworm"], "Finding": ["evaluated"], "Food": [], "HealthCareActivity": ["Mettler Flash DSC1", "FSC", "X-ray scattering", "fast scanning calorimetry", "FSC experiment", "annealing"], "InjuryOrPoisoning": [], "IntellectualProduct": [], "MedicalDevice": ["autoclaving"], "Organization": [], "PopulationGroup": [], "ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup": [], "ResearchActivity": ["FTIR", "studied", "study", "studies", "Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy", "analysis"], "SpatialConcept": ["residence", "Intermediate", "wide angle"], "Virus": []}