You will be shown an abstract from a biomedical research paper. Given this abstract, your task is to extract all unique entities of the following types: ["HealthCareActivity", "InjuryOrPoisoning", "BodySubstance", "IntellectualProduct", "AnatomicalStructure", "SpatialConcept", "Chemical", "Bacterium", "MedicalDevice", "Organization", "BiomedicalOccupationOrDiscipline", "Finding", "BiologicFunction", "Virus", "ResearchActivity", "ClinicalAttribute", "PopulationGroup", "Eukaryote", "BodySystem", "Food", "ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup"].

Please return the output as a JSON object of the format: {"Virus": ["HIV", ...], "Bacterium": ["MRSA", ...], "AnatomicalStructure": ["Lung", ...], "BodySystem": ["CNS", ...], "BodySubstance": ["Serum", ...], "Finding": ["Headache", ...], "InjuryOrPoisoning": ["Fracture", ...], "BiologicFunction": ["Death", ...], "HealthCareActivity": ["Biopsy", ...], "ResearchActivity": ["Clinical trial", ...], "MedicalDevice": ["Lenses", ...], "SpatialConcept": ["Camps", ...], "BiomedicalOccupationOrDiscipline": ["Forensic medicine", ...], "Organization": ["WHO", ...], "ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup": ["Provider", ...], "PopulationGroup": ["Swimmers", ...], "Chemical": ["Gold", ...], "Food": ["Rice", ...], "IntellectualProduct": ["RPAM", ...], "ClinicalAttribute": ["Biomarker", ...], "Eukaryote": ["Dogs", ...]}. The keys should be entity types and values should be lists of extracted entities belonging to the corresponding type. If you cannot find entities belonging to a specific type, the value should be [].

Only output the JSON object and do not include any additional text.

Abstract:

BALB/c mice immunized with a combination of virus-like particles incorporating Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) envelope glycoproteins gpK8.1, gB, and gH / gL induced comparable serum neutralizing antibody activity to UV - inactivated KSHV Infection with Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is estimated to account for over 44,000 new cases of Kaposi sarcoma annually, with 84% occurring in Africa, where the virus is endemic. To date, there is no prophylactic vaccine against KSHV. KSHV gpK8.1, gB, and gH / gL glycoproteins, implicated in the virus entry into host cells, are attractive vaccine targets for eliciting potent neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against virus infection. We incorporated gpK8.1, gB, or gH / gL on the surface of virus-like particles (VLPs) and characterized these VLPs for their composition, size, and functionality. To determine which viral glycoprotein(s) elicit the most effective serum - nAbs, we immunized BALB/c mice with gpK8.1, gB, or gH / gL VLPs individually or in combination. Neutralizing antibody assay revealed that sera from mice immunized with the VLPs inhibited KSHV infection of HEK-293 cells in a dose-dependent manner. As a single immunogen, gpK8.1 VLPs stimulated comparable nAb activity to that of UV - inactivated KSHV (UV-KSHV). In contrast, UV-KSHV stimulated higher titers of nAb compared to gB (p = 0.0316) or gH / gL (p = 0.0486). Mice immunized with the combination of gB and gH / gL VLPs had a better nAb response than those immunized with either gB (p = 0.0268), or gH /gL (p = 0.0397) as single VLP immunogens. Immunization with any VLP combination stimulated comparable nAb activity to UV-KSHV serum. Our data provide the first evidence that KSHV gpK8.1, gB, and gH / gL glycoproteins can be incorporated onto the surface of VLPs and used as prophylactic vaccine candidates, with potential to prevent KSHV infection.
{"AnatomicalStructure": ["viral glycoprotein(s)", "VLPs", "host cells", "virus-like particles", "HEK-293 cells", "VLP"], "Bacterium": [], "BiologicFunction": ["virus infection", "infection", "Kaposi sarcoma", "activity"], "BiomedicalOccupationOrDiscipline": [], "BodySubstance": ["serum"], "BodySystem": [], "Chemical": ["gpK8.1", "glycoproteins gpK8.1", "vaccine", "gL glycoproteins", "nAbs", "immunogen", "immunogens", "Neutralizing antibody", "gB", "prophylactic vaccine", "neutralizing antibodies", "gH", "gL", "nAb", "neutralizing antibody"], "ClinicalAttribute": [], "Eukaryote": ["mice", "Mice", "BALB/c mice"], "Finding": [], "Food": [], "HealthCareActivity": ["immunized", "Immunization"], "InjuryOrPoisoning": [], "IntellectualProduct": [], "MedicalDevice": [], "Organization": [], "PopulationGroup": [], "ProfessionalOrOccupationalGroup": [], "ResearchActivity": [], "SpatialConcept": ["Africa"], "Virus": ["KSHV", "UV-KSHV", "Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus", "virus"]}