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Paper text:
health is a state of complete physical , mental , and social well - being and not merely an absence of a disease or infirmity.1 health is not something that one possesses as commodity but connotes rather a way of functioning within one s environment.2 oral health is an integral part of general health.3 loss of tooth reduces the quality of life .
prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease determines the oral health , the former being one of the most widespread chronic diseases in the world .
dental caries is modern civilization scourge , and no nation or race has escaped the ill effects.4 oral health consists of two dimensions .
first , the physical , oral health status in terms of number of teeth , mouth opening , periodontal status etc .
these dimensions are needed for characterization of oral health.5 the essential part of achieving and maintaining readiness to deploy and fight is oral health .
the dental health of the central reserve police personnel has a significant impact on their operations since the untreated oral conditions can result in increased rates of disease and non - battle injury for deployed police personnels.6 central reserve police force ( crpf ) is the largest of india s central armed police forces .
it functions under the aegis of ministry of home affairs , government of india.7 no data on the oral health status among the central police personnel s of mathura city is available .
hence , this study was undertaken to assess oral health status and treatment need of central reserve police personnels of mathura city .
the police personnels who were absent on the day of examination were examined on the next scheduled date .
the average time for the examination and data collection were 10 min for each subject .
the daily and weekly schedules were prepared and in a single day maximum of 20 - 25 subjects were examined .
the examinations were carried out on all the week days excluding the second saturdays , sundays , and holidays .
clinical examinations were done using who standard criteria as mentioned in who oral health proforma , 2013 to assess the oral health status .
the clinical examination was carried out by a trained examiner who was initially trained and supervised by an expert clinician in the department of public health dentistry .
the ethical clearance was approved from the ethical committee of kd dental college and hospital , mathura prior to the start of the study and consent was obtained from crpf authorities .
the collected data were entered in the microsoft excel sheet and analyzed using the spss , version 22.0 statistical package ( ibm corporation ) .
a 
 t - test was used to compare the distribution of oral health status variables , according to age groups .
four hundred and seventy - five central reserve police personnels were selected from mathura city out of which 473 ( 99.6% ) were males and 2 ( 0.4% ) were females .
total 62.3% subjects belonged to 21 - 35 years age group ( table 1 ) . among the 475 ( 100% ) central reserve police personnels , 382 ( 80.4% ) subjects had healthy teeth ( table 2 ) .
mean dentition status among study subjects was found to be 0.66  2.08 ( table 3 ) .
pockets were present in 28 ( 5.3% ) study subjects , enamel fluorosis was present in 116 ( 24.4% ) study subjects , and none of the study subjects had oral mucosal lesions .
total 9 ( 1.9% ) , and 4 ( 0.8% ) study subjects needed partial denture in upper and lower arch , respectively . in the subjects above 35 years of age mean bleeding , pocket , loss of attachment , and enamel fluorosis were 0.24 , 0.06 , 0.17 , and 0.34 , respectively ( table 4 ) . among the 475 ( 100% ) central reserve police personnels , no treatment was needed for 24 ( 5.1% ) subjects while 56 ( 11.8% ) needed preventive or routine treatment , prompt treatment including scaling was needed for 382 ( 80.4% ) subjects and , immediate treatment ( urgent treatment needed due to pain or infection of dental and or oral origin ) was needed for 13 ( 2.7% ) subjects ( table 5 ) .
no data on the oral health status among the central police personnel s of mathura city is available .
hence , this study was undertaken to assess oral health status and treatment need of police personnels in mathura city . in our study , a total of 475 ( 100% ) central reserve police personnels were selected , out of which 297 ( 62.3% ) were of the age group below 35 years , and 178 ( 37.7% ) were of the age group above 35 years .
mean age of study subjects was 35.3 years , in the study conducted by spalj et al.8 in our study , mean dentition status among study subjects was found to be 0.66  2.08 .
however , mean dentition status was 1.02  0.94 , 2.98  3.12 , and 2.69 , in the studies conducted by sohi et al.,9 bhardwaj et al.,10 naveen and reddy,11 respectively . among the 475 ( 100% ) central reserve police personnels , bleeding was present in 122 ( 25.7% ) study subjects .
this was similar to study conducted by ahuja and darekar12 in which 74% subjects were healthy and 25% subjects presented with bleeding on probing .
no treatment was needed for 24 ( 5.1% ) subjects while 56 ( 11.8% ) needed preventive or routine treatment , prompt treatment including scaling was needed for 382 ( 80.4% ) subjects , and immediate treatment ( urgent treatment needed due to pain or infection of dental and or oral origin ) was needed in 13 ( 2.7% ) subjects in the present study .
the sample of police personnel provides a unique opportunity to study a large population from diverse geographic backgrounds .
the adverse outlook of this occupation makes it necessary for the government to either build health care , clinics equipped with efficient manpower , especially for the police personnel or to regularly organize treatment camps .
the study concludes that prompt treatment is required in large section of this study population .
background : all men are born equal and are endowed by their creator with some basic rights . as the military is to defend the country from external threats , so is the police for maintenance of the internal peace of the community . 
 the irregular shifts in their work schedule lead to neglecting or skipping of their regular diet and indulging into adverse habits . 
 it is the responsibility of the society to safeguard the health of their defenders.materials and methods : a cross - sectional study was carried out on 475 central reserve police personnels in mathura city . 
 consent was obtained from the concerned authorities and the subjects were clinically examined using who 2013  oral health assessment form.results:this study revealed that 99.6% subjects were males , 62% subjects were of 21 - 35 years age group , mean dentition status was found to be 0.66  2.08 and , most of the subjects needed prompt treatment including scaling.conclusion:police personnels provide a unique opportunity to study a large population from diverse geographic backgrounds . 
 prevention oriented health education lectures should be delivered and possibly , should also form part of their training curriculum .