You will be presented with a collection of medical randomized controlled trial (RCT) reports addressing a shared clinical question -- for instance, the efficacy of a medical intervention on a disease or condition. Given the titles and abstracts of these reports, your task is to generate the conclusion of the systematic review article synthesizing the key findings. Your conclusion should be a few sentences long. In your response, include only the conclusion and no other text. The RCT reports are below.



Title 1:
Chen-Style Tai Chi for Individuals (Aged 50 Years Old or Above) with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Abstract 1:
Tai Chi ( TC ) can be considered safe and effective intervention to improve pain and pain-related functional disability . However , it is unclear that whether aging individuals with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain ( CNS-LBP ) can achieve positive results . This study , therefore , attempted to explore the effects of TC on pain and functional disability in CNS-LBP patients aged 50 years old or above . Forty-three individuals ( aged 50 years old or above ) with CNS-LBP were r and omly assigned into three groups : Chen-Style TC group ( n = 15 ) , Core Stabilization training ( CST ) group ( n = 15 ) , and control group ( n = 13 ) . Participants in the TC group participated in Chen-style TC training program ( three 60-min sessions per week for 12 weeks ) , individuals in CST group received 12-week Core Stabilization exercise on the Swiss ball , whereas individuals in the control group maintained their unaltered lifestyle . Pain intensity as primary outcome was measured using the Visual Analogue Scale ( VAS ) , A BiodexSystem 3 isokinetic dynamometer was used to measure knee and ankle joint position sense ( JPS ) as secondary outcomes at baseline and after the 12-week intervention . TC and CST have significant effects in VAS for CNS-LBP patients ( p < 0.01 , TC group OR CST group versus control group in mean of the post-minus-pre assessment ) . However , the feature of joint position sense ( JPS ) of ankle inversion , ankle eversion and knee flexion did not occur , it showed no significant effects with TC and CST . TC was found to reduce pain , but not improve lower limb proprioception in patients with CNS-LBP . Future research with larger sample sizes will be needed to achieve more definitive findings on the effects of TC on both pain and lower limb proprioception in this population


Title 2:
The Effects of Tai Chi on Markers of Atherosclerosis, Lower-limb Physical Function, and Cognitive Ability in Adults Aged Over 60: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Abstract 2:
Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Tai Chi ( TC ) on arterial stiffness , physical function of lower-limb , and cognitive ability in adults aged over 60 . Methods : This study was a prospect i ve and r and omized 12-week intervention trial with three repeated measurements ( baseline , 6 , and 12 weeks ) . Sixty healthy adults who met the inclusion criteria were r and omly allocated into three training conditions ( TC-24 , TC-42 , and TC-56 ) matched by gender , with 20 participants ( 10 males , 10 females ) in each of the three groups . We measured the following health outcomes , including markers of atherosclerosis , physical function ( leg power , and static and dynamic balance ) of lower-limb , and cognitive ability . Results : When all three TC groups ( p < 0.05 ) have showed significant improvements on these outcomes but overall cognitive ability at 6 or 12 weeks training period , TC-56 appears to have superior effects on arterial stiffness and static/dynamic balance in the present study . Conclusions : Study results of the present study add to growing body of evidence regarding therapeutic TC for health promotion and disease prevention in aging population . Future studies should further determine whether TC-42 and TC-56 are beneficial for other non-Chinese population s , with rigorous research design and follow-up assessment


Title 3:
The Effects of Tai Chi Chuan Versus Core Stability Training on Lower-Limb Neuromuscular Function in Aging Individuals with Non-Specific Chronic Lower Back Pain
Abstract 3:
Objectives : For this paper , we aim ed to investigate the effects of Tai Chi Chuan ( TCC ) versus the Core Stability Training ( CST ) program on neuromuscular function ( NF ) in the lower extremities among aging individuals who suffered from non-specific chronic lower back pain ( NLBP ) . Regarding the design , during a 12-week intervention , a single-blinded r and omized controlled trial was used to compare two intervention groups with a control group on the parameters of NF . Methods : Forty-three Chinese community-dwellers were r and omly assigned into two intervention groups ( three sessions per week , with each session lasting 60 min in TCC and CST ) and a control group . The patient-based Visual Analogue Scale ( VAS ) was used to measure the level of perceived pain , while parameters of NF as primary outcomes were measured by the Biodex System 3 Isokinetic Dynamometer . Results : For the knee joint , we observed significant differences in the endurance of left extension at a speed of 60 ° /s : ( 1 ) between TCC and control groups ( p < 0.01 ) ; ( 2 ) between CST and control groups ( p < 0.01 ) . For the ankle joint , significant differences between CST and control groups were observed on the peak torque of left dorsiflexion ( p < 0.05 ) and the endurance of the left plantar flexion at a speed of 60 ° /s ( p < 0.05 ) . In addition , we observed a significant difference between TCC and control groups in the endurance of the right plantar flexion ( p < 0.05 ) . Conclusions : Chen-style TCC and CST were found to have protective effects on NF in aging individuals with NLBP , while alleviating non-specific chronic pain
Conclusions : Wuqinxi may be an effective intervention to alleviate the cardiovascular disease risk factors of metabolic syndrome