Respiratory Rehabilitation Exercises in Older Adults With Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Respiratory Rehabilitation Exercises in Older Adults With Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the effects of a respiratory
 rehabilitation exercise training package on dyspnea, cough, exercise tolerance, and sputum
 expectoration of hospitalized elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive
 pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Using purposive sampling, 61 participants were recruited and
 randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n = 30) or the control group (n = 31).
 The experimental group participants received the respiratory rehabilitation exercise training
 twice a day and 10-30 minutes per session for four days. The control group participants
 received usual care and health education. Data were collected at baseline and at the end of
 the four-day intervention.
The respiratory rehabilitation exercise training package included: (a) Disease awareness: The
 doctor explained the disease to patients and their families through the chest X-ray, (b)
 Sputum clearance treatments: Easily understood postural drainage cards were provided to the
 patients and families to assist with proper sputum clearance procedures, (c) Pursed lip
 breathing training: Devices were provided to the patients to ensure that the breathing
 exercises were completed properly, (d) Upper-limb exercise with breathing pranayama: Towels
 were provided to the patients to assist with upper-limb exercises properly, (e) Walking
 training with breathing pranayama: Legs were elevated while inhaling, and returned to the
 position while exhaling, and (f) Assign a pulmonary rehabilitation program coordinator:
 Coordinators were assigned to assist the patients in nutrition management and health
 education.
Inclusion criteria:

 1. diagnosed with moderate COPD with moderate acute exacerbation

 2. over 65 years of age

 3. conscious clear

 4. with shortness of breath or dyspnea that was not caused by heart disease,
 pneumothorax, or pulmonary edema

 5. had received bronchodilator aerosol therapy or antibiotic treatment, but had not been
 treated with an antitussive

 Exclusion Criteria:

 1. unstable vital signs

 2. blood oxygen concentration lower than 90%

 3. unstable psychological status, hemoptysis, pneumothorax, pulmonary edema, or using the
 respirator