Conversion of Hyperglycemic Patients Being Treated With Intravenous Insulin Infusions to Lantus Insulin
Conversion of Hyperglycemic Patients Being Treated With Intravenous Insulin Infusions to Lantus Insulin
The primary objective of this study is to determine the optimal dose of glargine insulin when
 converting from intravenous short-acting continuous insulin infusions in surgical and
 intensive care unit patients using a prospective, controlled, parallel group, randomized
 study design.

 Note: Lantus insulin is the proprietary name for glargine insulin.
Critical illness causes an impairment of insulin secretion and insulin action, resulting in
 hyperglycemia even in normal individuals and a worsening of the hyperglycemia in patients
 with diabetes. Normalization of elevated glucose levels by intensive insulin infusion therapy
 in these critically ill patients has been proven to dramatically improve in-hospital
 mortality rates. After glucose levels have been controlled with insulin infusions, the best
 way to convert them to subcutaneous insulin regimens has not been demonstrated conclusively
 but the insulin regimen best suited is a combination of a basal insulin such as glargine
 (Lantus) insulin with premeal insulin boluses using a short-acting insulin such as Lispro or
 Aspart.

 Subjects will be randomized into three groups, 25 subjects in each group, the groups
 differing according to the starting dose of glargine insulin as follows:

 1. Multiply the total daily IV insulin dose, using the final 6 hour infusion rate to
 estimate the total daily dose, by 0.4 to get the starting dose of glargine, continuing
 the insulin drip for 5 hours after giving the glargine before stopping the infusion;

 2. Multiply the total daily IV insulin dose, using the final 6 hour infusion rate to
 estimate the total daily dose, by 0.6 to get the starting dose of glargine, continuing
 the insulin drip for 5 hours after giving the glargine before stopping the infusion;

 3. Multiply the total daily IV insulin dose, using the final 6 hour infusion rate to
 estimate the total daily dose, by 0.8 to get the starting dose of glargine, continuing
 the insulin drip for 5 hours after giving the glargine before stopping the infusion.

 The glargine insulin will then be continued as the basal insulin, adjusting doses every 24
 hours based on the fasting blood glucose level. In addition, patients will receive Lispro or
 Aspart insulin as prandial bolus insulins with the goals premeal being 80 - 120 mg/dl,
 including bedtime. Glucose measurements will be obtained every 1- 4 hours while patients are
 on their insulin infusions, depending upon the stability of their condition and the stability
 of their glucose levels. Following transfer to glargine insulin, they will have glucose
 measured at least four times per day, premeal and bedtime as per standard protocol in the
 hospital for patients receiving insulin. Glucose data will be obtained from such patients and
 this will be compared among the various glargine regimens.
Inclusion Criteria:

 -  Fasting glucose > 100 mg/dl

 -  Patients on surgical services or in intensive care units receiving intravenous insulin

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  Inability to obtain informed consent from patient or next-of-kin

 -  Allergy to insulin

 -  Participation in another research study

 -  Patients for whom there are "do-not-resuscitate" orders