Transplantation of Fecal Microbiota for Clostridium Difficile Infection
Transplantation of Fecal Microbiota for Clostridium Difficile Infection
Recent data have demonstrated beneficial health outcomes of microbiota transplantation for
 the treatment of Clostridium Difficile infection.

 The investigators propose testing whether fecal transplantation from a healthy donor can lead
 to a recovery from Clostridium Difficile recurrent/treatment-resistant infection.
Infections by Clostridium Difficile are common both in the community and among hospitalized
 patients. It is mostly prevalent following an antibiotic treatment. In recent years the
 investigators are witnessing an increase in severity, incidence and treatment-resistant
 cases.

 Treatment-resistant infection or recurrent infection put the patient at risk for severe
 complications, such as perforation, septic shock, megacolon and even death.

 New antibiotic treatments such as Rifaximin and Fidaxomicin are not yet available for routine
 use in Israel.

 It is known that normal intestinal microbiota protect against Clostridium Difficile
 infections, and as early as 1958, researchers have demonstrated that a transplantation of
 fecal microbiota had a beneficial effect on Clostridium Difficile Infection.

 In fact, previous data show that microbiota transplantation during colonoscopy, in patients
 with treatment-resistant infection or recurrent infections, is an effective method with a 90%
 success rate in a single treatment.

 The investigators propose testing whether fecal transplantation from a healthy donor can lead
 to a recovery from Clostridium Difficile infection.
Inclusion Criteria:

 -  age>18 years.

 -  A negative pregnancy test at inclusion, and a commitment to use contraception for a
 period of six months from the date of transplant.

 -  At least one of the following conditions :

 1. An evidence of Clostridium infection recurrence within 6 months after completion
 of antibiotic course acceptable, which will include at least 10 days of treatment
 Bmtronidzol a total dose of 500 mg x3 per day and / or Bonkomitzin dose of at
 least 125 mg 4x a day .

 Recurrence of infection is defined clinical and laboratory :

 -  ≥ 3 diarrhea per day for at least two days in a row or ≥ 8 loose stools a
 day for 48 hours.

 -  a positive stool test for Clostridium Difficile toxin, or PCR / antigen
 detection.

 2. First infection not responding to antibiotics (at least 10 days Metronidazole
 dosage of 1500 mg per day , or Bonkomitzin total dose of at least 500 mg per
 day).

 3. A first infection in a patient who is intolerant or allergic to Lonkomitzin and
 metronidazole.

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  Participation in another clinical study.

 -  Inability to provide informed consent.

 -  A pregnant woman or breastfeeding.

 -  Severe neutropenia - below 500 neutrophils (blood counts).

 -  A significant immunosuppression (SCID, CVID, GVHD, using different preparations
 Aimonosofrsibiim , including prolonged corticosteroid therapy at doses equivalent to ≥
 20 mg prednisone per day for more than 4 weeks).

 -  Status of SIRS or hemodynamic/respiratory instability.

 -  Toxic Megacolon, ischemic colitis, Fulminant colitis or a higher than usual risk of
 colon perforatin during colonoscopy.

 -  HBV infection or hepatitis C or HIV.

 -  The use of antibiotics for the treatment of another disease at the time of inclusion.

 -  A history of previous or current autoimmune disease, a progressive/an uncontrolled
 disease of the kidney/liver/hematological system/endocrine system/ heart/neurological
 system, or a metabolic disease.

 -  An addiction to alcohol or drugs.