A Triple-blinded, Randomised, Placebo-controlled Trial to Examine the Efficacy and Safety of ViNeuro in Patients With Parkinson's Disease
A Triple-blinded, Randomised, Placebo-controlled Trial to Examine the Efficacy and Safety of ViNeuro in Patients With Parkinson's Disease
The investigational product is a specially formulated TCM and administered in the form of a
 capsule.

 Basic pre-clinical studies have suggested that it may have good immunomodulating functions,
 increases the activities of T-cells, B-cells and NK cells, enhances mitochondrial antioxidant
 status on various tissues including brain tissues. Therefore, this formulation may have
 special values in improving symptoms in Parkinson's disease patients.

 The purpose of the study is to determine the efficacy and safety of ViNeuro in patients with
 Parkinson's disease.
Inclusion Criteria:

 -  A subject will be eligible for study participation if he/she meets all the following
 criteria:

 1. Age of at least 30 years

 2. Diagnosis of symptomatic, idiopathic Parkinson' disease using The United Kingdom
 Parkinson's Disease Society Brain Bank Diagnostic Criteria (Appendix 3 in the
 protocol)

 3. Stage 1-4 on the modified Hoehn and Yahr scale (Appendix 4 in the protocol)

 4. Possesses three of the four cardinal signs of Parkinson's disease, i.e. rigidity,
 bradykinesia, resting tremor and postural instability, without any other known or
 suspected cause for their parkinsonism

 5. If receiving levodopa or other symptomatic treatments, the subject should have
 shown a good response to it and have been on a stable dosage for at least 1 month
 prior to study entry

 6. Voluntarily signs and dates an Informed Consent Form, approved by an
 Institutional Review Board (IRB)/Independent Ethics Committee (IEC), prior to any
 study-specific procedures.

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  A subject will be excluded from the study if he/she meets any of the following
 criteria:

 1. Presence of atypical parkinsonian syndromes

 2. Dementia as defined by the Mini-Mental State Examination score (Appendix 5 in the
 protocol) of 22 or less

 3. Serious concurrent illness, such as active cardiac, renal, liver, or neoplastic
 disease

 4. Used centrally active therapies, e.g. hypnotics, antidepressants, anxiolytics,
 within 60 days before study entry

 5. Used methylphenidate, cinnarizine, reserpine, amphetamine, or monoamine oxidase-A
 inhibitors, e.g. pargyline, phenelzine, or tranylcpromine, within 3 months of
 study entry

 6. Has history of receiving any neuroleptics

 7. Used alpha-methyldopa or flunarizine within 6 months of study entry

 8. Females who are pregnant or breastfeeding.

 9. Subjects who are currently participating in another investigational study or has
 been taking any investigational drug within the last 4 weeks prior to screening
 of this study (Visit 1).

 10. Subjects who are taking any traditional Chinese medication, or has been taking
 any traditional Chinese medication within the last 2 weeks prior to screening of
 this study (Visit 1).

 11. Any criteria, which, in the opinion of the investigator, suggests that the
 subject would not be compliant with the study protocol.