Kinetics of Biomarkers in Acute Pyelonephritis
Kinetics of Biomarkers in Acute Pyelonephritis
The objective of this study is to explore the kinetics of biomarkers in 30 adult female
 patients with uncomplicated acute pyelonephritis.
We will measure c-reactive protein, procalcitonin, pyuria and a new blood biomarker
 (Signature TM) everyday till normalization of these markers in 30 adult female patients with
 uncomplicated acute pyelonephritis.
Inclusion Criteria:

 -  > 18 years

 -  Flank/loin pain or tenderness, or both and fever > 38°C during the last 48 hours and
 pyuria

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  Pregnancy

 -  Presence of indwelling catheters

 -  Known polycystic kidney disease or any malformation of the urinary tract, or single
 kidney; renal transplant recipients; acute or chronic renal failure requiring dialysis

 -  Recent discharge from hospital (during the last 10 days); ongoing antibiotic treatment

 -  Known severe immunosuppression: Receiver of solid-organ or hematopoietic stem cells
 transplants; neutropenia ( < 1 G neutrophils / L); chronic (more than 14 days) use of
 systemic glucocorticoids (>10 mg/d of prednisone); active use of immunosuppressive
 therapy for the treatment of auto-immune or inflammatory disease; HIV infection with <
 350 CD4+ cells / ml or unknown CD4+ status

 -  Pyelonephritis initially identified as complicated: obstruction of urinary tract,
 urinary stone; history of renal infection in the last 15 days

 -  Patient with severe sepsis or septic shock