Preprocedural Fasting and Nitrous Oxide -Oxygen Inhalation Analgesia for Dental Treatment of Children
Preprocedural Fasting and Nitrous Oxide -Oxygen Inhalation Analgesia for Dental Treatment of Children
Nitrous oxide analgesia is used routinely for the dental treatment of anxious or
 uncooperative pediatric patients. In many instances it is used alone without any supplemental
 oral premedication. A controversy exists among pediatric dentists and pediatric dental
 departments regarding the need to apply pre-procedural fasting (PF) or other limitations on
 children undergoing dental treatment with nitrous oxide alone.The purpose of this study is to
 investigate the association between PF and the frequency of vomiting in pediatric patients
 receiving dental treatment with nitrous oxide analgesia.
Materials and methods The experimental protocol will be submitted for approved by the
 Institutional Human Subjects Ethics committee of Hadassah-Hebrew University School of Dental
 l Medicine. Informed consent will be obtained from all parents or legal guardians of
 participating subjects.

 Subjects All pediatric patients attending the graduate student pediatric dental clinic of the
 Department of Pediatric Dentistry at Hadassah Clinic in need of at least two restorative
 treatment sessions with the use of nitrous oxide will be included. All participants must be
 in good health (ASA I). Prior to one session subjects will be restricted and have a
 preprocedural fasting as per the following guidelines: All subjects will be without solids
 (including milk) for at least 4 hours prior to nitrous oxide administration and without clear
 liquids 2 hours before treatment. On the alternative session subjects will have no
 restrictions on their food or liquid intake.

 Evaluation

 A survey will be given to parents prior to treatment and information regarding the following
 will be gathered:

 Age, previous nitrous oxide experience, history of vomiting or nausea (motion sickness, foods
 etc), last mea: what and when? The resident administering treatment will record the
 following: Duration of inhalation administration, percentage of nitrous oxide and flow rate,
 steady or fluctuating, occurrence of vomiting during or immediately following treatment.

 Statistical analysis of data will determine the incidence of vomiting and if any significant
 differences between the two sessions exist.
Inclusion Criteria:

 - All pediatric patients attending the graduate student pediatric dental clinic of the
 Department of Pediatric Dentistry at Hadassah Clinic in need of at least two restorative
 treatment sessions with the use of nitrous oxide will be included. All participants must be
 in good health (ASA I).

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -