Sleep Apnea in Type 1 Diabetes
Sleep Apnea in Type 1 Diabetes
Sleep apnea syndrome is strongly associated to type 2 diabet, partly and this is partly due
 to obesity. Treatment of sleep apnea may improve hypertension, cardiovascular risk and in
 some studies diabetes status. Few data are available for type 1 diabetes but suggest that the
 prevalence of sleep apnea syndrome may be high. We plan to compare the prevalence of sleep
 apnea syndrome assessed by polysomnography in a sample of type 1 diabetic patients and a
 control group matched by age, gender and body mass index. The secondary objective is to
 determine if the presence of an autonomic neuropathy or poorly controlled diabetes (assessed
 by glycosylated haemoglobin) may or not contribute to the presence of sleep apnea in the
 diabetic group.
Diagnostic protocol designed to evaluate if if sleep apnea syndrome is more frequent in type
 1 diabetes than in general population and therefore deserves to be more systematically
 suspected and actively diagnosed in this patients. Sleep apnea syndrome is a heavy burden as
 a matter of quality of life: it is responsible for fatigue, diurnal sleepiness, cognitive
 impairment, poor and /or non restorative sleep, morning headaches, depressive mood…Adequate
 treatment provides a rapid and, most of the time, complete relief of these symptoms.

 On an other hand, Sleep Apnea is and independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality and
 morbidity in young and middle aged subjects, also reversed by treatment. It might be
 therefore important for type 1 diabetic patients who have already an increased cardiovascular
 risk to be properly diagnosed for sleep apnea. A systematic screening for sleep apnea is
 already recommended for patients with type 2 diabetes by experts.

 A secondary objective is to determine if the presence of a sleep apnea syndrome in type 1
 diabetic patients is associated to an autonomic neuropathy, a poor glycemic control , a
 poorer quality of life , a poorer quality of sleep, more severe cardiovascular consequences
 and biological impairment.
Inclusion Criteria:

 -  99 Type 1 diabetic patients

 -  man or woman aged 18 to 60 years

 -  diagnosed since at least a year

 -  having signed a consent

 -  with in a national insurance scheme

 -  and 46 healthy volunteers matched by age , gender and body mass index

 -  man or woman aged 18 to 60 years

 -  having signed a consent

 -  with in a national insurance scheme

 Exclusion Criteria:

 for both

 -  sleep apnea syndrome already known

 -  acute respiratory or cardiovascular disease

 -  impairment of consciousness

 -  sepsis

 -  cirrhosis

 -  hypnotic, opiate or psychotropic drug treatment 2 weeks ago

 -  Pregnant or breast-feeding woman

 -  Do not speak French

 -  Benefiting from a legal protective measure

 -  diabet 1 or 2 just for volunteers people