Dendritic Cell (DC) Activated Cytokine-induced Killer Cell (DCIK) Combined With DC Treatment for Glioma
Dendritic Cell (DC) Activated Cytokine-induced Killer Cell (DCIK) Combined With DC Treatment for Glioma
Malignant gliomas are very aggressive and among the most common of brain tumors. A diagnosis
 carries with it a median survival of approximately 12 months, with 90 - 95% of patients
 surviving less than 2 years. The current standard treatment of surgical resection followed by
 radiation therapy and chemotherapy has not substantially prolonged survival.

 Dendritic cells (DCs) are immune cells that form part of the mammalian immune system. Their
 main function is to process antigen material and present it on the surface to other cells of
 the immune system, thus functioning as antigen-presenting cells.In the present study, DCs
 were used for antigen presentation of glioma antigens to directly induce a cytotoxic T-cell
 response. Cytokine-induced killer (CIK)cells are shown to be a heterogeneous population, and
 the major population expresses both the T cell marker CD3 and the NK cell marker CD56, and is
 termed NKT cells, which has shown significant anti-tumor activity in both clinical trials and
 animal studies.

 Furthermore, CIK cells are able to expand significantly when they are cultured with DCs, and
 the CIK cells activated by DCs stimulation (DCIKs)have a characteristic which cytotoxic
 activity enhanced and show increased anti-tumor activity.

 This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of DCIK cells treatment combined with DCs
 following tumor resection and radiotherapy in patients with malignant glioma.
Inclusion Criteria:

 1. Female or male, adult patients of 18 to 70 years of age at time of diagnosis that
 qualify for standard treatment including surgery and radiotherapy.

 2. Histologically confirmed diagnosis of 1 of the following malignant gliomas:

 Anaplastic astrocytoma Glioblastoma multiforme Oligodendroglioma Oligoastrocytoma

 3. Newly diagnosed or recurrent disease

 4. Patients must have had surgical resection at UCLA for the collection of their tumor.
 Total, subtotal, or partial resection of more then 70% of tumor mass defined by MRI.

 5. After surgery, a pathological diagnosis of malignant glioma (WHO Grade III or IV) will
 need to be established.

 6. Supratentorial tumour localisation.

 7. Karnofsky performance status 60-100%

 8. Life expectancy ≥ 12 weeks

 9. Written informed consent of patient and/or legal guardian.

 10. Must be off of steroid at least two weeks prior to vaccination

 11. Hematologic and metabolic panel results will be within the parameters of the protocol.

 12. Negative pregnancy test

 13. Fertile patients must use effective contraception

 14. Hepatitis B negative

 15. Hepatitis C negative

 16. HIV negative

 17. Syphilis serology negative

 18. Patient must have no prior sensitivity to the components of the dendritic cell
 vaccine.

 Exclusion Criteria:

 1. Anti-neoplastic chemotherapy or radiotherapy during 4 weeks before entering the study,

 2. Presence of acute infection

 3. Inability to obtain informed consent because of psychiatric or complicating medical
 problems.

 4. Unstable or severe intercurrent medical or psychiatric conditions as determined by the
 Investigator.

 5. Subjects with organ allografts.

 6. Contraindication to MRI

 7. Known history of autoimmune disorder

 8. Subjects who have an uncontrolled systemic malignancy that is not in remission.

 9. Pregnancy or breast-feeding.

 10. Positive for hepatitis B, C, HIV, syphilis

 11. Patients unwilling to perform a save method of birth control.