Consumption of Whole Grains and Legumes Modulates the Genetic Effect of the APOA5 -1131C Variant
Consumption of Whole Grains and Legumes Modulates the Genetic Effect of the APOA5 -1131C Variant
We examined whether a substitution of whole grains and legumes for refined rice in a high
 carbohydrate diet (about 65% of energy derived from carbohydrate) may modify the effect of
 this variant on changes in apolipoprotein A-V (apoA-V) and triglyceride concentrations.
We genotyped the APOA5 -1131T>C in individuals with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or newly
 diagnosed type 2 diabetes, who were randomly assigned to either a group ingesting whole grain
 and legume meals daily or a control group for 12 weeks.
Inclusion Criteria:

 -  Subjects who were in in impaired fasting glucose (IFG, 100≤ fasting glucose <126
 mg/dL) and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL) were referred
 to the Department of Family Medicine or Internal Medicine. They were rechecked for
 their health and lipid profiles, and then those who satisfied the study criteria were
 recommended to participate in the dietary intervention program

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  Current and/or past history of cardiovascular disease including angina

 -  Liver or kidney dysfunction

 -  Thyroid or pituitary disease

 -  Unstable weight loss/gain (≥2 kg) over the previous 6months

 -  Pregnancy or lactation. Subjects who were taking medication were also excluded