Imuran Dosing in Crohn's Disease Study
Imuran Dosing in Crohn's Disease Study
This study will compare two different dosing methods of azathioprine (IMURAN) in participants
 with Crohn's disease who are currently taking steroids (e.g. prednisone or budesonide)or who
 have just started steroids. The study can be up to 54 weeks long. All participants enrolled
 will receive active drug. Participants will take doses either based upon weight or based on
 the patient's ability to breakdown the drug (monitored by 6-thioguanine nucleotides (6-TGN)
 metabolite levels in the blood). All patients enrolled in the study will receive active study
 drug.
This multi-center, double blind (patients and doctors do not know treatment group
 assignment), randomized (patients are put in 1 of 2 groups) clinical trial which will compare
 two 52-week-long azathioprine(AZA) dosing methods.

 The patients enrolled will all be taking steroids (prednisone or budesonide)or have just been
 prescribed a steroid. The patients will be either in remission on steroids, but cannot taper
 off without a flare, patients who are on steroids and are still having Crohn's symptoms, or
 patients who need to start taking steroids.

 After a two week screening period, patients fitting enrollment criteria will be begin taking
 study drug. Patients will begin to taper steroids per a set schedule, and taper off steroids
 completely by week 13. Patients who need to go back on steroids because of returned symptoms
 are allowed to, per a set schedule in the protocol. Patients will have monthly visits that
 include physical exams, blood tests and a quality of life questionnaire. Patients will be
 required to keep a diary of abdominal pain, liquid or soft stools and general well being.

 After 6 months, only patients in remission (patients not on steroids, and not having active
 symptoms) will be allowed to continue for last 6 months of the study. Study visits during the
 last 6 months will be every 2 months, and include physical exams and blood tests, and a
 quality of life questionnaire.

 Patients in the study may receive dose changes, and this will require additional blood tests
 for safety.
Inclusion Criteria:

 -  10-70 years-old., Weigh 20-100 kg (44-220 lbs).

 -  CD of the ileum, colon or ileocolon, verified by colonoscopy, barium enema, or small
 bowel series performed within 36 months

 -  Perianal fistulae will be eligible provided that the perianal disease does not account
 for the preponderance of symptoms.

 -  Have steroid-dependent, steroid-refractory or steroid naive CD.

 -  Steroid-dependent CD: CDAI or mCDAI of < 150 while receiving prednisone 10-40
 mg/day or budesonide 3-9 mg/day for at least 12 weeks prior to screening, but
 unable to taper prednisone below 10 mg/day or budesonide below 3 mg/day without
 experiencing a flare within the previous 6 months. Steroids must be at a stable
 dose for 2 weeks prior to screening (week #-2), prednisone at a dose of 10-40
 mg/day and budesonide at a dose of 3-9 mg/day.

 -  Steroid-refractory CD: currently moderately active CD (CDAI or mCDAI 200 - 450)
 despite treatment with 40 kg) or 0.5 mg/kg/day (if weighing 20 mg/day (if
 weighing prednisone <40 9 mg/day for the previous 4 weeks prior to the screening
 kg), or budesonide evaluation. Prednisone or budesonide must be at a stable dose
 for 2 weeks prior to screening (week #-2).

 -  Steroid-naïve CD: currently moderately active CD, (CDAI or mCDAI 200 - 450) and
 one of the following:

 1. Despite treatment with aminosalicylates and/or antibiotics for the previous
 4 weeks prior to the screening evaluation, who are candidates for prednisone
 or budesonide.

 2. Not currently on therapy, who are candidates for prednisone or budesonide

 3. Patients with prior exposure to steroids, who have not been treated with
 steroids for 4 weeks prior to screening, and are candidates for prednisone
 or budesonide Prednisone or budesonide will be started at the screening
 visit, at a dose of 40 mg/day or 9 mg/day and tapered per the steroid taper.

 Patients who have started steroids up to 14 days prior to screening will also qualify as
 steroid naïve, however patient needs to be on 40 mg prednisone or 9 mg budesonide.

 -  Discontinue oral or rectal 5-Aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) therapies, rectal steroids,
 ciprofloxacin or metronidazole at the screening visit.

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  CDAI > 450

 -  CD requiring hospitalization and intravenous (iv) corticosteroids, iv antibiotics or
 total parenteral nutrition (TPN).

 -  TPN or enteral nutrition of >1000 Calories/day (both TPN and elemental diets impact
 the CDAI).

 -  History of resection of more than 100 cm of small bowel, total proctocolectomy, or
 subtotal colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis

 -  Ileostomy or colostomy

 -  Severe fixed symptomatic stenosis of the small or large intestine

 -  Blood transfusion within 3 months before screening

 -  Treatment with 6-MP or AZA within the 6 months prior to screening

 -  Immunosuppressants or biologics 3 months before screening

 -  Treatment 2 weeks before screening:

 -  Allopurinol;

 -  Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole;

 -  NSAIDs or aspirin >81mg/day;

 -  Cholestyramine or other drugs interfering with enterohepatic circulation;

 -  Furosemide and thiazide diuretics;

 -  Fish-oil preparations.

 -  Discontinue use at screening: Oral or rectal 5-ASA, rectal steroids, metronidazole or
 quinolones

 -  Any prior treatment with natalizumab

 -  Presence of abnormal laboratory parameters:

 -  Carriage of hepatitis B surface antigen or positive hepatitis C antibody

 -  Lack of one acceptable form of contraception while receiving AZA

 -  Low TPMT activity