Expression of Tuberculosis in the Lung
Expression of Tuberculosis in the Lung
The purpose of this study is to assess lung immune responses in patients with active
 pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and in healthy control persons who are exposed to Mycobacterium
 tuberculosis in households of patients with TB or who are unexposed.
BACKGROUND:

 M. tuberculosis infects a third of the world's population, and TB is the leading cause of
 morbidity and mortality due to a single infectious agent. However, only 5% to 10% of M.
 tuberculosis-infected subjects without an underlying immunodeficiency develop disease during
 their lifetimes. Therefore protective immunity is induced in the majority of subjects.
 Understanding correlates of protection against M. tuberculosis in humans is needed to better
 direct efforts in the development of antituberculosis vaccines.

 DESIGN NARRATIVE:

 Patients are treated according to good clinical practice; however, no study medications are
 given as part of the research study. This study involves a one-time bronchoalveolar lavage
 and venipuncture to obtain immune cells for laboratory studies of immune responses.
Inclusion Criteria:

 -  TB patients who are 18 to 65 years old

 -  Clinical and radiographic signs and symptoms consistent with pulmonary TB

 -  Start date of antituberculous chemotherapy less than 10 days prior to procedures

 -  Sputum smear positive for acid fast bacilli

 -  Drug-sensitive, culture-confirmed growth of M. tuberculosis from sputum

 -  Willing to provide informed consent for participation in bronchoalveolar lavage and
 venipuncture studies

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  TB patients who have HIV-1 coinfection

 -  History of any chronic medical condition requiring daily medication (including
 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic infections, renal or cardiac failure, and
 peptic ulcer disease)

 -  History of asthma or upper or lower respiratory tract infection within 2 months of the
 study

 -  Hemoglobin level less than 10g/dl