The Influence of Peripheral Androgen Conversion at Women Adult Acne
The Influence of Peripheral Androgen Conversion at Women Adult Acne
Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the pilosebaceous unit. Recent
 studies have demonstrated an increase number of acne cases in adult women. These cases are
 predominantly normoandrogenic and have some clinical differences when compared with the most
 common group, the adolescent. The local glandular metabolism converts some hormonal
 precursors to more active substances that increase the sebum production, leaving these areas
 more prone to increase the colonization to Propionibacterium Acnes (P. Acnes). Toll-like
 receptor 2, expressed by inflammatory cells play a crucial role in the innate immune response
 to this bacterium. Previous studies confirm that exist a reduced expression of CD1d by
 keratinocytes in acne lesion, what can be interpreted as a low antigen-present function. The
 influence of hormonal alteration in the sebaceous glands could modulate the expressions of
 TLR-2 and CD1d explaining the persistence of lesions in adult women. The change to more
 estrogenic metabolism, with use of specific contraceptive pills could normalize this
 immune-mediated inflammatory process.

 Objective

 To analyze how the peripheral androgen conversion can influence the toll-like receptor 2 and
 CD1d expression in women with inflammatory acne before and after 6 months of oral
 contraceptives with anti-androgen activity.
Inclusion Criteria:

 To all:

 1. Signing the consent form before any study procedures;

 2. women aged 26 to 44 years, not pregnant and in good health;

 3. no topical treatment for acne in the past three months,

 4. absence of the use of oral antibiotics in the last 3 months;

 5. absence of the use of isotretinoin in the last 2 years;

 6. absence of oral contraceptive use in the last 3 months;

 7. absence of clinical evidence of immunosuppression and

 8. accordance with the conditions of study, ability to understand and strictly follow the
 instructions given.

 For the oral contraceptives group:

 1. No contraindications to the use hormonal contraceptives.

 For the azelaic acid group:

 1. Absence of hypersensitivity to azelaic acid.

 Exclusion Criteria:

 For all

 1. Women who do not agree with the conditions of the study or without the ability to
 understand and closely follow the guidelines received without availability to attend
 the revaluations or who refuse to sign the Informed Consent Form;

 2. pregnant or lactating women;

 3. use of the following oral medications: cortisone derivatives, lithium,
 anticonvulsants, isoniazid, oral contraceptives, androgens, danazol, iodides,
 bromides, disulfiram, cyclosporine, azathioprine, thiuram, vitamins B2, B6 and B12;

 4. treatment of facial skin with topical retinoids (tretinoin and adapalene), azelaic
 acid, benzoyl peroxide, clindamycin, erythromycin, nicotinamina, alone or in
 combination, in the past 3 months;

 5. treatment with oral antibiotics in the past 3 months;

 6. acnogenics cosmetics.

 For the group treated with oral contraceptives:

 1. Presence of contraindications to oral contraceptive use:

 1. Smokers over 35 years;

 2. history of deep venous thrombosis;

 3. history of stroke;

 4. history of breast cancer;

 5. presence of jaundice, and severe active liver disease or biliary disease;

 6. diabetes mellitus for more than 20 years or eye injury, or neurological impairment;

 7. blood pressure greater than or equal to 160 to 100 for systolic and diastolic;

 8. cardiovascular disease and

 9. presence of severe headache associated with blurred vision frequently.

 For the group treated with azelaic acid:

 1.Presense of allergic and / or irritating symptoms to the use of azelaic acid.

 For the control group 1:

 1. History, clinical signs and / or laboratory evidence of hyperandrogenism. 2 .Presence of
 inflammatory acne.

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