Prevalence of Antimicrobial-resistant Pathogens in Patients Admitted for UTIs
Prevalence of Antimicrobial-resistant Pathogens in Patients Admitted for UTIs
Between 2013-2014, our study network of U.S. emergency departments, EMERGEncy ID NET, found
 that the rate of fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli was 11.7% among all patients, 6.3% in
 uncomplicated and 19.9% in complicated. ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae were found in 7.7%
 of all cases, 2.6% in uncomplicated and 12.2% in complicated. More recently,
 Enterobactericeae and gram-negative non fermenting bacteria have started to show resistance
 to carbapenems (CREs and CR-NF). Patients hospitalized with UTI and urosepsis represent a
 higher risk population for infections due to multi-drug resistant bacteria and experience
 serious adverse outcomes, including death. EMERGEncy ID NET will conduct a study to determine
 the prevalence of ESBL-producing, CREs and CR-NFs among this high risk population of patients
 admitted for UTI from U.S. emergency departments.
Inclusion Criteria:

 1. Age greater than or equal to 18 years;

 2. Admitted to the hospital through the ED;

 3. Primary reason for admission is treatment of UTI with or without sepsis (i.e., ED
 diagnosis of UTI and/or sepsis); and

 4. Provide verbal or written consent to participate in the study or if patient is unable
 to provide consent (e.g., altered mental status), consent obtained from a legal
 authorized representative.

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  patients will be later excluded if :

 1. they are unable to provide a urine specimen for culture; or

 2. their urine culture yields no growth or is contaminated (see definition of
 positive urine culture below). Note: If participant's urine culture is
 contaminated but their blood culture is positive for a uropathogen, they will not
 be excluded.