Evaluation of the Impact on Swallowing of Non Invasive Ventilation
Evaluation of the Impact on Swallowing of Non Invasive Ventilation
Neuromuscular disorders can be associated with swallowing dysfunction secondary to a
 dysfunction of the airway muscles involved in swallowing. The investigators have shown that
 respiratory failure may contribute to swallowing dysfunction in patients with neuromuscular
 respiratory failure. Furthermore, although tracheostomy has been reported as impairing
 swallowing, the investigators have shown that when a tracheostomy is performed in
 neuromuscular patients, swallowing improves because it allows the patient to feed while
 ventilated.

 The investigators now want to evaluate whether non invasive ventilation may have a beneficial
 impact on swallowing by making some adjustments to ensure a good synchronisation between
 ventilation and swallowing. This could allow avoiding the necessity of a tracheostomy or a
 gastrostomy due to swallowing dysfunction and/or malnutrition in neuromuscular patients.

 Swallowing improvement under mechanical ventilation depends on improving the synchronisation
 between the patient and the ventilator during swallowing. For that purpose, the investigators
 developed a prototype ventilator able to temporarily suspend pressurisation under the
 patient's control so that when the patient needs to swallow under mechanical ventilation he
 may do so with an inadequate insufflation of the ventilator.

 Our objective is to to demonstrate that swallowing is more adapted and easier under nasal
 noninvasive ventilation than during spontaneous breathing in neuromuscular patients requiring
 prolonged noninvasive ventilation.

 In an open monocentric pilot study, the investigators will study 10 neuromuscular patients
 usually noninvasively ventilated. The patients will be their own control and their swallow
 will be studied during spontaneous breathing and under ventilation with the adapted
 ventilator while swallowing boluses of different volumes.
Neuromuscular disorders can be associated with swallowing dysfunction secondary to a
 dysfunction of airway muscles involved in swallowing. We have shown that respiratory failure
 may also contribute to swallowing dysfunction and that, although tracheostomy has been
 reported as impairing swallowing, when a tracheostomy was performed in neuromuscular
 patients, swallowing was improved because it allowed the patient to feed while ventilated.

 We now want to evaluate whether non invasive ventilation may have a beneficial impact on
 swallowing considering some adjustments to ensure a good synchronisation between ventilation
 and swallowing. This could allow avoiding the necessity of a tracheostomy or a gastrostomy
 due to swallowing dysfunction and/or malnutrition. Improving swallowing under mechanical
 ventilation depends on improving the synchronisation between the patient and the ventilator
 during swallowing. For that purpose, we developed a prototype ventilator able to temporarily
 suspend pressurisation under the patient's control so that when the patient needs to swallow
 under mechanical ventilation he may do so with an inadequate insufflation of the ventilator.

 Our objective is to to demonstrate that swallowing is more adapted and easier under nasal
 noninvasive ventilation than during spontaneous breathing in neuromuscular patients requiring
 prolonged noninvasive ventilation.

 In an open monocentric pilot study, we will study 10 neuromuscular patients usually
 noninvasively ventilated. The patients will be their own control and their swallow will be
 studied during spontaneous breathing and under ventilation with the adapted ventilator while
 swallowing boluses of different volumes. Swallowing will be evaluated by measuring swallowing
 duration, numbers of swallows required for a bolus, number of respiratory cycles required for
 the swallow of a bolus. Order ventilation mode and bolus volume will be randomized
Inclusion criteria:

 -  Neurologic or Neuromuscular restrictive respiratory failure, excluding bulbar
 involvement

 -  Hospitalization in the home ventilation unit of the Raymond Poincaré Hospital

 -  day and night non invasive ventilation during >14hours/day

 -  respiratory autonomy of at least one hour of during the day

 -  Ventilation with an assisted and controled mode

 -  Adults ≥18 years

 -  Stable patient upon inclusion

 -  prior Medical examination

 -  Signed consent form

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  Unstable hemodynamics

 -  Respiratory decompensation

 -  Unable to cooperate

 -  Person under guardianship or trusteeship

 -  Pregnant women

 -  Refusal of study participation

 -  Non covered by the social security system