Effect of Dual-wave Insulin Bolus on Postprandial Glycaemia
Effect of Dual-wave Insulin Bolus on Postprandial Glycaemia
A study was conducted in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) examining the effect of
 different bolus types on 6-h postprandial glucose levels after the consumption of 3 standard
 meals with varying composition. Participants were asked to consume 10 different combinations
 of meal and bolus type.
The nutritional recommendations of children and adolescents with T1D should be similar to
 those of healthy people in order to achieve the desirable growth. Not only the carbohydrates'
 intake is underlined according to special guidelines by Canadian diabetes association,
 American diabetes association and International Society for Paediatric and Adolescent
 Diabetes but also proteins and fats are suggested to be taken into consideration in the
 management of T1D. In order to reach the desirable euglycemic control, children and
 adolescents can use multiple daily injections (MDI) or continuous subcutaneous insulin
 infusion (CSII). By using the CSII the insulin can be administrated in three different
 patterns; as a normal bolus, as a dual wave bolus and as a square wave bolus. Dual wave
 insulin bolus (D/WB) is suggested as the most suitable option based on the effects that is
 having after meals with different content of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. The aim of
 this study was to evaluate the impact of different types of D/WB on PPG after 3 given meals,
 in adolescents with T1D on CSII. In order to achieve that, 3 different meals were designed
 and combined with alternative types of boluses, D/WB and square wave insulin bolus (S/WB).
Inclusion Criteria:

 -  duration of T1D >3 years, CSII therapy for at least 1 year, good to moderate glycaemic
 control, as evidenced by HbA1c levels <8.5% (69 mmol/mol).

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  Subjects with eating disorders, food allergy, celiac disease and known diabetic
 complications