The Association of Baseline Characteristics of Male Patients Presented With LUTS and Long Term Clinical Outcomes
The Association of Baseline Characteristics of Male Patients Presented With LUTS and Long Term Clinical Outcomes
Non-neurogenic male lower urinary tract symptom (LUTS) is one of the most common symptom
 presented in urological clinic. Male LUTS could be a result of a combination of many
 different conditions, including benign prostate hypertrophy, overactive bladder, diabetes,
 noctural polyuria, sleep apnoea etc. Also male LUTS has shown to have close relationship with
 metabolic and cardiovascular conditions. Because of the increasing evidences to suggest a
 close relationship of cardiovascular condition and metabolic problems and male LUTS, this is
 a study to retrospective review of the patients assessed in this urology clinic and have a
 more in-depth assessment of the relationship of the baseline characteristics of these medical
 conditions with the presenting symptoms, as well as the long term urological and overall
 clinical outcomes of these patients.
This is a retrospective study.Male patients who presented with lower urinary tract symptom to
 our centre and assessed in the urology clinic from 2005 to 2019 would be enrolled to the
 study. This study will be conducted by observation; that is, data will be captured from
 medical records and central medical system (CMS), but patients will not be contacted. All the
 demographic and medical background, as well as investigations performed during the assessment
 including uroflowmetry, post-voiding residual, questionnaires, blood pressure, pulse,
 vascular assessment and blood result will be collected. Follow-up data including usage of
 medication, clinical outcomes (such as development of urinary retention, cardiovascular
 events, need of surgical intervention, mortality etc.) will be captured from the medical
 records.
Inclusion Criteria:

 -  Men aged between 35 and 90 years old with LUTS/nocturia and received assessment at
 urology centre.

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  Men having history of prostatic surgery, prostate cancer, active urinary tract
 infection, aortic aneurysm, marked cardiac arrhythmia and severe peripheral vascular
 disease