Effect of Catheter on Postoperative Urinary Retention
Effect of Catheter on Postoperative Urinary Retention
To determine if indwelling Foley placement at the onset of the procedure, straight
 catherization at the conclusion of the procedure, or no catheterization produces the lowest
 rates of postoperative urinary retention after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusions
 (TLIFs).
Post-operative urinary retention (POUR) is one the most common post-operative complications
 after elective spine surgeries. Common causes of postoperative urinary retention (POUR)
 include bladder stenosis, distension, trauma due to catheterizations, age, and prostate
 hyperplasia. The incidence of POUR increases with age, gender, types of surgery conducted,
 any comorbidities such as cerebral palsy or multiple sclerosis, use of drugs such as
 anticholinergic agents, beta blockers, or sympathomimetics, and use of IV fluids.

 This condition has been associated with the development of UTIs and sepsis, increased
 post-operative length of stay (LOS), and 90-day readmission after surgery. In the field of
 spine surgery, the reported incidence of POUR is highly variable, and there is no consensus
 on effective methods of prevention. We set out to assess POUR from patients catheterized
 compared to non-catheterized following a transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.
Inclusion Criteria:

 -  Patients undergoing a primary single-level MIS TLIF (Diagnosis: radiculopathy,
 stenosis, herniated nucleus pulposus, degenerative disc disease, spondylosis,
 osteophytic complexes, spondylolysis, spondylolisthesis)

 -  Patients able to provide informed consent

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  Patients with baseline urinary dysfunction requiring manual bladder emptying via
 intermittent straight catheterization, suprapubic catheters, or other indwelling
 catheters. -Allergies or other contraindications to medicines in the post- operative
 urinary retention protocol

 -  Lack of consent