Pain Perception After Tubal Ligation
Pain Perception After Tubal Ligation
The purpose of this study is to attempt to determine retrospectively whether there was a
 statistically significant difference in patient need for postoperative narcotics between two
 different groups of women who received a laparoscopic tubal ligation. One group received a
 local anesthetic injection or gel at the surgical sites, in addition to general anesthesia.
 The other group did not receive any local anesthetic but did receive general anesthesia. The
 investigators hypothesize that the group that received the local anesthetic injection or gel
 had lower average postoperative narcotic requirements and shorter postoperative dismissal to
 home times than the group that did not receive the auxiliary local anesthetic.
Inclusion Criteria:

 -  Female, age 21-52,having a laparoscopic tubal ligation by the fallopia ring method at
 Oklahoma State University Medical Center between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2009

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  We will exclude women with the following comorbid conditions, since they may alter the
 patient's pain level or her perception of pain after the tubal ligation: history of
 chronic pelvic pain, history of pelvic inflammatory disease, opiate abuse, conversion
 to open procedure, unsuccessful tubal ligation, laceration of tube, more than one ring
 placed on single tube, admittance to the hospital, additional procedures performed,
 endometriosis, allergy to marcaine, lidocaine, or bupivicaine.