Closed-loop Control of Overnight Glucose Levels (Artificial Pancreas) in Children With Type 1 Diabetes in a Diabetes Camp
Closed-loop Control of Overnight Glucose Levels (Artificial Pancreas) in Children With Type 1 Diabetes in a Diabetes Camp
Closed-loop strategy is composed of three components: glucose sensor to read glucose levels,
 insulin pump to infuse insulin and a dosing mathematical algorithm to decide on the required
 insulin dosages based on the sensor's readings. A dual-hormone closed-loop system would
 regulate glucose levels through the infusion of two hormone: insulin and glucagon.

 The main objective of this project is to compare the efficacy of single-hormone closed-loop
 strategy, dual-hormone closed-loop strategy and pump therapy to regulate overnight glucose
 levels in children with type 1 diabetes in a diabetes camp.

 The investigators hypothesized that dual-hormone closed-loop strategy reduces the time spent
 in hypoglycemia in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) compared to single-hormone closed-loop
 strategy, which in turn is more effective than the conventional pump therapy to reduce time
 spent in hypoglycemia
Closed-loop strategy is composed of three components: glucose sensor to read glucose levels,
 insulin pump to infuse insulin and a dosing mathematical algorithm to decide on the required
 insulin dosages based on the sensor's readings. A dual-hormone closed-loop system would
 regulate glucose levels through the infusion of two hormone: insulin and glucagon.

 The investigators aim to conduct a randomized three-way cross-over trial comparing single
 hormone closed-loop strategy, dual-hormone closed-loop strategy and the conventional pump
 therapy. The investigators aim to compare the three interventions for 3 consecutive nights in
 children with type 1 diabetes in a diabetes camp.
Inclusion Criteria:

 -  Males or females between the 8 and 17 years of old.

 -  Clinical diagnosis of type 1 diabetes for at least one year. The subject will have
 been on insulin pump therapy for at least 3 months.

 -  HbA1c ≤ 11.0%.

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  Clinically significant nephropathy, neuropathy or retinopathy as judged by the
 investigator.

 -  Severe hypoglycemic episode within two weeks of inclusion in the study. A severe
 hypoglycemic episode is defined as loss of conscience, seizure or a hospital emergency
 visit.

 -  Current use of oral glucocorticoid medication (except low stable dose according to
 investigator judgement). Stable doses of inhaled steroids are acceptable.

 -  Known or suspected allergy to the trial products.

 -  Other serious medical illness likely to interfere with study participation or with the
 ability to complete the trial by the judgment of the investigator.

 -  Failure to comply with team's recommendations (e.g. not willing to use trial pump,
 etc).