Risk Stratification in End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) - ISAR Study
Risk Stratification in End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) - ISAR Study
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of non-invasive markers of the autonomic
 function and micro- and macrocirculation to predict mortality and cardiovascular end points
 in end-stage renal disease patients. Furthermore we aim at getting new insight into the
 insufficiently understood pathophysiology leading to excessively high cardiovascular and
 non-cardiovascular mortality in dialysis patients.
Inclusion Criteria:

 1. Age 18 or older

 2. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) and receiving maintenance hemodialysis

 Exclusion Criteria:

 1. Any clinically significant infection.

 2. pregnancy

 3. history of malignant disease with a prognostic life expectancy less than 24 months

 4. missing of written and informed consent