The Effectiveness of 18F-fluorocholine Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in Detecting, Staging and Following-up Prostate Cancer
The Effectiveness of 18F-fluorocholine Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in Detecting, Staging and Following-up Prostate Cancer
Choline is one of the components of phosphatidylcholine, an essential element of
 phospholipids in the cell membrane. Some malignant cells show their ability to actively
 incorporate choline to produce phosphocholine and phosphatidylcholine to facilitate tumor
 cell duplication. The efficacy of 18F-fluorocholine (18F-FCH) for localizing primary or
 metastatic prostate cancer has been recently reported in limited studies. This study will be
 conducted to delineate the effectiveness of 18F-FCH PET in (1) differentiating benign
 prostate hypertrophy (BPH) from prostate cancer, (2) staging prostate cancer, (3)
 following-up patients with prostate cancer after initial curative therapy.
Background:

 Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer death for male in Taiwan. Although 18F-FDG PET
 has been shown to be an effective tool in diagnosing many malignancies, previous studies have
 shown that 18F-FDG is not a suitable PET tracer for detecting prostate cancer. Choline is one
 of the components of phosphatidylcholine, an essential element of phospholipids in the cell
 membrane. Some malignant cells show their ability to actively incorporate choline to produce
 phosphocholine and phosphatidylcholine to facilitate tumor cell duplication. The efficacy of
 18F-fluorocholine (18F-FCH) for localizing primary or metastatic prostate cancer has been
 recently reported in limited studies.

 Purpose:

 This study will be conducted to delineate the effectiveness of 18F-FCH PET in (1)
 differentiating benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) from prostate cancer, (2) staging prostate
 cancer, (3) following-up patients with prostate cancer after initial curative therapy.

 Patients and Methods:

 This study will include

 1. Group 1: 50 patients with BPH

 2. Group 2: 50 patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer and

 3. Group 3: 50 patients who have received curative treatment for prostate cancer and are
 suspicious of recurrence/metastases because of a persistent increase in their serum PSA.

 18F-FCH whole-body PET will be performed for each patient

 Expected Results:

 To evaluate the effectiveness of 18F-FCH in the diagnosis, staging and follow-up of prostate
 cancer.
Inclusion Criteria:

 Group 1: 50 patients with BPH

 1. Age above 35 years old

 2. Histologically confirmed BPH

 3. Informed consent signed

 Group 2: 50 patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer and

 1. Age above 35 years old

 2. Histologically confirmed prostate cancer

 3. Informed consent signed

 Group 3: 50 patients who have

 1. Age above 35 years old

 2. Histologically confirmed prostate cancer and had received curative treatment for
 prostate cancer

 3. suspicious of recurrence/metastases because of a persistent increase in their serum
 PSA

 4. Informed consent signed

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  Patients with other known malignancies will be excluded.