Take a STAND 4 Health: A Sedentary Behavior Reduction Intervention
Take a STAND 4 Health: A Sedentary Behavior Reduction Intervention
There is emerging evidence that an excessive amount of sitting is linked with an increased
 risk of negative health outcomes independent of an individual's physical activity levels.
 This is concerning considering data indicate Americans spend over half of the waking day
 engaged in sedentary activities, and that individuals who are overweight or obese and/or have
 a chronic disease such as hypertension are likely to have an even higher level of sedentary
 behavior. A limited number of experimental studies have looked at the effects of reducing
 sitting time on blood pressure and have shown promise. However, these studies lasted for only
 a day, so it is unclear how reducing sedentary time may influence blood pressure over a
 longer duration. The purpose of this study is to look the relationships between the amount of
 time a person spends sitting and their blood pressure and examine whether decreasing
 sedentary behavior helps improve blood pressure. The study employs the use of coaching calls
 and a mobile health (mHealth) intervention to reduce the sedentary behavior of participants
 through strategies such as prompting, feedback, and counseling.
The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of a 4-week sedentary behavior reduction
 intervention on objectively measured sedentary behavior of overweight or obese adults. The
 proposed study is a pilot, proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial that will randomize
 participants to either the 1) Immediate Intervention group, which will receive coaching calls
 + a mHealth intervention for the first four weeks of the study and then will receive only the
 mHealth intervention for the remaining 4 weeks or the 2) Delayed Intervention Control group,
 which will act as an assessment-only condition for the first 4 weeks and then will receive
 the coaching calls + mHealth intervention for 4-weeks. This design has two phases: Phase 1,
 which is a randomized controlled feasibility pilot and the primary study focus, followed by
 Phase 2, which is an exploratory phase, allowing replication of the intervention (in the
 Delayed Intervention Control group) and extended follow-up (in the Immediate Intervention
 group).

 The study outcomes to be investigated in Phase 1 include:

 -  1) the change in total % sedentary time from baseline to the 4-week assessment,
 comparing the average proportion of objectively-measured time spent sitting during the
 waking day across the previous week in the Immediate Intervention group (which will have
 received the 4-week coaching calls + mHealth sedentary behavior reduction intervention)
 with the average proportion of objectively-measured waking sedentary time across the
 previous week in the Delayed Intervention Control group (which will have received
 assessment only during this period).

 -  2) the change in blood pressure, comparing the Immediate Intervention group (which will
 have received the 4-week coaching calls + mHealth sedentary behavior reduction
 intervention) with the Delayed Intervention Control group (which will have received
 assessment only during this period).

 -  3) Process data on participant recruitment to the study, and, among those randomized to
 the Immediate intervention, engagement with the intervention (e.g., response rates to
 the texts, completion of intervention phone calls, etc.), and participant evaluation of
 the intervention.

 The study outcomes to be investigated in Phase 2 include:

 -  1) Objectively measured sedentary behavior in the Immediate Intervention group 4 weeks
 post-treatment (i.e. at 8-week assessment), allowing quantification of maintenance of
 sedentary behavior reduction following the termination of coaching calls.

 -  2) Objectively-measured sedentary behavior and blood pressure at 8 weeks post
 randomization in the Delayed Intervention Control group (i.e. following implementation
 of the 4-week coaching calls+ mHealth intervention), allowing assessment of whether
 intervention effects are reproducible.
Inclusion Criteria:

 -  Being 18 years or older

 -  Having a BMI between 25 and 50 kg/m2

 -  Owning a smartphone that is accessible during the day

 -  Living or working within 30 miles of University of South Carolina (USC)

 -  Willing to wear the activPAL for baseline assessment

 -  An average self-reported sedentary time of at least 7 hours over the past 7 days

 -  Willing to be randomized to either group

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  Inability to walk without assistance

 -  Recent use of psychotropic medications or treatment for psychological issues, with the
 exception of anxiety and depression

 -  Current treatment for cancer or other serious medical conditions such as renal failure

 -  Injury or illness that prohibits standing or walking

 -  Pregnant or gave birth within the last 6 months

 -  Does not live or work within 30 miles of USC

 -  Currently enrolled in a weight loss, physical activity, or stress management program

 -  A known vacation or a major alteration in their normal schedule in the next 4 months

 -  Unwilling to wear the accelerometer for 7 days at any assessment period or had an
 adverse reaction to wearing the accelerometer during baseline