Is the Severity of Urinary Disorders Related to Falls in People With Multiple Sclerosis
Is the Severity of Urinary Disorders Related to Falls in People With Multiple Sclerosis
Falls are a common problem in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) and can lead to severe
 consequences (trauma, fear of falling, reduction of social activities). Prevention of falls
 is one of the priority targets of rehabilitation for PwMS and walking difficulties, which can
 result of different factors (motor impairment, ataxia, sensitive disorders, fatigability…).
 Urinary incontinence has been evoked as predictive of falls. But lower urinary tract symptoms
 (LUTSs) are frequent in PwMS, the prevalence of LUTSs is high (32-96.8%) and increases with
 MS duration and severity of neurological deficiencies and disabilities. Overactive bladder
 (OAB) is the most common symptom. Despite its high prevalence and impact on quality of life,
 the severity of LUTSs has never been studied as specific risk factor of falling. However,
 urinary urgency and urinary incontinence could lead to precipitation and thus could increase
 the risk of falling in these patients.

 The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between severity of LUTSs and risk of
 falling in PwMS.

 Patients were asked about the number of falls in the past three months and in the past year,
 and the circumstances in which they occurred (frequency, home, outdoors, going to void,
 during urinary urgency, nocturia). Severity of LUTSs were assessed by the Urinary Symptoms
 Profile (USP) Score and patient were classified as with or without urinary incontinence.
 Number of micturition by night were specifically asked. To take into account motor
 difficulties and fear of falling, other clinical evaluations were done. The impact of MS on
 walking was assessed by the 12-Item Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale (MSWS12) questionnaire,
 the Expanded Disability Status Scale score, and by clinical test with the Time to be Ready to
 Void (TRV). Fear of falling was assessed by a simple question and with Falls Efficacy
 Scale-International (FES-I) Questionnaire.

 The primary aim was to assess the relationship between severity of LUTSs and occurrence of
 falls during the past 3 months. The primary outcome was the importance of overactive bladder
 (OAB) symptoms with OAB USP score. The secondary outcomes were the existence of urinary
 incontinence, the warning time (defined as the time from the first sensation of urgency to
 voiding or incontinence), the importance of nocturia and the other scores of USP
 questionnaire (low stream and stress urinary incontinence).

 The secondary aims were to look for the relationship between severity of LUTSs and occurrence
 of falls during the past year, and to assess the relationship between falls and the classical
 risk factors of falls.
Inclusion Criteria:

 -  age ≥ 18 years

 -  Multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis

 -  Lower urinary tract symptoms with or without treatment,

 -  Expanded Disability Status Scale score between 1 and 6.5

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  relapse of MS in the past month

 -  urinary tract infection the day of inclusion

 -  impossibility to complete the symptoms' questionnaires