Parasitic Causes of Secretory Diarrhea in Children and Chronically Ill Adult.
Parasitic Causes of Secretory Diarrhea in Children and Chronically Ill Adult.
Diarrhea is one of the most common reasons for people to seek medical advice - but it can
 range from being a mild, temporary condition, to be life threading condition. It is estimated
 that there are 2 billion cases of diarrheal disease every year globally, and that 1.9 million
 children below the age of 5 years, mostly in developing countries, die annually.
Secretory diarrhea has many causes as infection with bacteria, viruses or protozoa. It
 results from increased chloride secretion, decreased sodium absorption, or increased mucosal
 permeability . Parasitic pathogens induce Secretory diarrhea as they infect and damage the
 absorptive villus tips, leaving Secretory crypts unbalanced, to cause net secretion and
 diarrhea. Parasitic causes include Cryptosporidium parvum or hominis ,Capillaria
 philippinensis and Giardia lamblia. Cryptosporidiosis is also recognized as a cause of
 prolonged and persistent diarrhea in children and persons with impaired immunity. The disease
 is transmitted via the fecal-oral route from infected hosts. It can be also transmitted
 following animal contact, ingestion of water (mainly during swimming), or through food.
 Cryptosporidium has emerged as the most frequently recognized cause of water-associated
 outbreaks of gastroenteritis. This is because of the oocyst stage in its life cycle;
 Cryptosporidium can resist disinfection, including chlorination, and can survive for a
 prolonged period in the environment.
Inclusion Criteria:

 1. Children presented with secretory diarrhea(acute watery diarrhea) attend to out clinic
 lab of Assiut University pediatric hospital or admitted in pediatric
 hospital(gastroenterology department) during the study period.

 2. adult patients having acute watery diarrhea attend to out clinic labs of Assiut
 University hospital or admitted in gastroenterology, nephrology and oncology
 department of hospital during the study period.

 Exclusion Criteria:

 1. viral and bacterial causes of diarrhea

 2. Patients who were already diagnosed as intestinal inflammatory disease as irritable
 bowel syndrome.

 3. Autoimmune conditions, such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease and coeliac
 disease.