BradyXplore Phase II: Bradykinesia Feature Extraction System
BradyXplore Phase II: Bradykinesia Feature Extraction System
Study objectives are to improve motion sensor algorithms for measuring bradykinesia in the
 clinic and the home, evaluate test-retest reliability of motion sensor algorithms for
 measuring bradykinesia compared to clinician raters, determine if participant-perceived
 symptom severities correlate with motion sensor measures, determine if speed, amplitude, and
 rhythm fluctuate differentially throughout the day in individuals with implanted deep brain
 stimulation systems, receive feedback on the usability of Kinesia One, and evaluate Kinesia
 One compliance in the home.
In Clinic:

 Participants will arrive at the clinic with deep brain stimulation (DBS) turned on and on any
 previously prescribed Parkinson's disease (PD) medication. Motion sensor units will be placed
 on the index finger, thumb, and wrist of the participant's more affected hand. The
 participant will then perform three repetitive motion tasks and two tremor evaluation tasks,
 each performed for 15 seconds. The tasks will include repetitive finger-tapping, hand
 opening-closing, and pronation-supination, as well as arms resting and arms extended. The
 sequence of five tasks will be repeated (10 task performances total) so that test-retest
 reliability can be examined.

 The participant's DBS system will then be turned off. The two repetitions of five motor tasks
 will then be repeated 10 minutes, 20 minutes, and 30 minutes after DBS is turned off to
 measure the after-effects of DBS washout. During all task performances, motion data will be
 streamed from the motion sensors to a nearby computer for storage. The participant's hand
 will be videoed for subsequent clinical scoring. After each set of assessments (on and three
 time points after turning DBS off), participants will be asked to rate his/her "slowness of
 movement" on a 0-4 scale. The participant's DBS system will then be turned back on before
 he/she leaves the clinic.

 To examine test-retest reliability, motion sensor-based scores will be compared to the
 clinician ratings. Videos from participants at both sites will be randomized, and presented
 to movement disorder neurologists for clinical rating. The clinician will be blinded to the
 participant's identity as much as possible by obscuring everything other than the
 participant's hand.

 At Home:

 Before data collection begins, a technician will give the participant a Kinesia One system
 (one motion sensor unit, inductive charge-pad, and tablet computer) to take home and train
 him/her on use. The movement tasks to be performed will be explained in detail to ensure the
 participant is familiar with them. The participant will be required to perform the tasks
 using the system twice independently before leaving the clinic to ensure he/she fully
 understands how to use the system. The time it takes the participant to independently set up
 the system will be recorded. The system will be used for two weeks, after which it will be
 returned to the clinic either in person or in a pre-paid shipping box.

 During the two-week data collection, participants will perform a motor assessment three days
 per week (six days total). On each assessment day, assessments will be performed six times
 per day, spaced approximately two hours apart. All assessments will be performed with DBS
 turned ON. To begin each assessment, the participant will sit in front of the tablet
 computer. The software will guide the participant through the data collection procedure. The
 participant will be instructed to remove the motion sensor unit from the charge pad and place
 it appropriately on the index finger of the more affected hand. Software will then guide the
 participant through the assessment, which will consist of the three repetitive motion tasks
 and two tremor evaluation tasks, each performed for 15 seconds. The sequence of five tasks
 will be repeated a second time (10 task performances total) so that test-retest reliability
 can be examined. All data will be uploaded to a secure server. After each assessment,
 participants will enter rating corresponding to their perceived slowness of movement and
 Parkinson's state. Each week of paper diaries will be mailed back within three days after
 being completed in provided, pre-addressed and stamped envelopes.
Inclusion Criteria:

 -  Diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease

 -  Has Deep Brain Stimulation Implant for Parkinson's disease

 -  Historical bradykinesia rating of 2 or greater on at least one of the Unified
 Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) finger-tapping, hand-movements, and
 pronation-supination tasks with DBS off.

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  Dementia (MoCA < 25)