Maintaining or Stopping Immunosuppressive Therapy in Patients With ANCA Vasculitis and End-stage Renal Disease
Maintaining or Stopping Immunosuppressive Therapy in Patients With ANCA Vasculitis and End-stage Renal Disease
This prospective randomized trial aims to evaluate the feasibility, risk and benefit of the
 discontinuation of immunosuppressive maintenance treatments in AAV (Antineutrophil
 Cytoplasmic Autoantibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis) patients who have reached ESRD
 (end-stage renal disease). Our hypothesis is that discontinuation of immunosuppressive
 therapy in AAV patients with ESRD will not expose these patients to an excessive risk of
 extra-renal AAV relapse, while reducing the rate of complications due to immunosuppression,
 particularly infections.

 Patients with ESRD related to AAV will be randomized into 2 arms:

 arm 1: discontinuation (or not initiation) of maintenance treatment (Experimental group) arm
 2: maintenance (or initiation) of immunosuppressive treatment (Control group).

 The main objective of this study is to demonstrate a superiority of immunosuppression
 discontinuation in ESRD-AAV patients compared to standard maintenance immunosuppressive
 therapy in terms of severe prejudicial event-free survival at 24 months. The second
 objectives include the frequency of major and minor relapses, of infectious episodes and
 leukopenia in both groups and the establishment of a prospective database regarding the
 outcome of ESRD-AAV patients.
Inclusion Criteria:

 -  Age ≥ 18 years and ≤ 90 years

 -  Patients affected by a GPA or MPA AAV with a renal injury

 -  Patients with initial manifestation or relapse of AAV

 -  Patients with ESRD, defined by a glomerular filtration rate estimated using the MDRD
 formula ≤15 mL/min or requirement for dialysis for more than 60 days

 -  Patients with ESRD on native kidney

 -  Patients who gave written informed consent for participation in the study

 -  Patients with affiliation to the French social security system

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  Patients who experienced severe extra-renal disease due to AAV (intra-alveolar
 haemorrhage with blood oxygen saturation ≤ 85% on room air or ventilated, or central
 nervous system disease) in the last 12 months prior to inclusion

 -  Patients with AAV-associated renal involvement (with active inflammatory lesions in
 kidney biopsy) diagnosed less than three months and receiving induction treatment with
 cyclophosphamide or rituximab or diagnosed less than 45 days for patients who have
 receveid only treatment based on steroid infusion without cyclophosphamide or
 rituximab

 -  Patients who received maintenance immunosuppressive treatment for more than 6 months
 during the last 12 months

 -  Patient with a diagnosis of vasculitis other than GPA or MPA

 -  Patients with positive anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies.

 -  Patients with another immunologic systemic disease (Lupus, sarcoidosis…) Patients with
 active HCV, HBV or HIV infection

 -  Patients with a history of serious viral infection (CMV, HHV8, etc.) in the 2 months
 prior to the inclusion, or severe uncontrolled chronic infection (tuberculosis, etc.)

 -  Patients with uncontrolled cancer or hemopathy

 -  Kidney transplant patient

 -  Inability to understand and sign the informed consent

 -  Pregnant women.

 -  Women of child-bearing age without effective method of contraception

 -  Age < 18 years or > 90 years.

 -  Patients under guardianship or trusteeship.