Tenofovir Renal Toxicity and Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) Validation
Tenofovir Renal Toxicity and Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) Validation
To assess and validate equation eGFR in HIV-infected subjects and -uninfected Thai patients
With significant reductions in mortality and risk of progression to AIDS with antiretroviral
 therapy (ART), complications of long-standing HIV infection and treatment, including renal
 disease, have become increasingly important. Aging, concomitant metabolic diseases, and use
 of potentially nephrotoxic ART lead to higher risk for renal disease in HIV-infected
 persons.WHO encourage TDF as first line ARV regimen. The data on TDF related renal toxicity
 in Asian population is limited.

 For this cohort, we plan to look at these topics:

 1. proximal tubular dysfunction between TDF and non-TDF user

 2. incidence and predictor of TDF related renal toxicity

 3. TDF plasma concentrations

 4. Pharmacokinetic of TDF when used with boosted DRV, boosted ATV, and boosted LPV in Thai
 population

 5. Bone density and vitamin D in patients with and without hypophosphatemia.

 6. Pharmacogenomic of TDF in Thai population
Inclusion Criteria:

 1. > 18 years old.

 2. HIV RNA < 50 copies/ml (For ART-experienced group only).

 Exclusion Criteria:

 1. a history of Tc-99m DTPA allergy,

 2. malnutrition (BMI <18m2),

 3. amputation,

 4. bed-ridden,

 5. currently taking cotrimoxazole or cimetidine,

 6. acute deterioration of renal function within the last 3 months,

 7. serum creatinine > 1.5 mg/dl, or

 8. pregnant/lactating.