Genetic Study of the Dilatations of the Idiopathic Bronchi in French Polynesia
Genetic Study of the Dilatations of the Idiopathic Bronchi in French Polynesia
Bronchiectasis, defined by an increase in bronchial caliber and thickening of the bronchial
 wall, is associated with recurrent respiratory infections, chronic cough and bronchorrhea,
 and a frequent progression to chronic respiratory failure. Investigator distinguish focal
 bronchiectasis usually resulting from a localized cause and diffuse bronchiectasis which the
 possible causes are multiple (immune deficiencies, genetic diseases, auto immune pathologies,
 aspergillosis broncho -allergic lung, sequelae of pulmonary infections).The etiological
 assessment is negative in 26 to 53% of cases, defining the idiopathic bronchiectasis.
 However, the discovery of an underlying cause can change the patient's management (up to 37%
 of cases).

 Despite the lack of epidemiological data in French Polynesia, Australian and New Zealand
 studies found a high prevalence of bronchiectasis in Polynesians. Few clinical studies
 published in the early 1980s suggested a ciliary origin.

 Due to its geographic characteristics, the Polynesian population constitutes an interesting
 ethnic group. Indeed, there is a low genetic mixing and the prevalence of certain genetic
 diseases like the syndrome of Alport or some hereditary retinal dystrophies are high. This
 type of population is very suitable for discovering new genes in human pathology.

 Investigator decided to conduct an observational study to find an underlying genetic cause of
 bronchiectasis in Polynesians by performing a whole exome sequencing. Investigator chose to
 study index cases defined by an upset of symptoms during the childhood, a family history of
 idiopathic bronchiectasis, and/or a consanguinity. Investigator also want to study healthy
 first degree relatives, in order to be able to better identify the clinical significant of
 DNA variants and focus the analysis on those that may be pathogenic
*Patients

 Inclusion Criteria:

 -  Polynesian adult more than18 years

 -  dilatation of idiopathic bronchi confirmed to thoracic CTscan

 -  Negative etiological balance (including sweat test, research of Dyskinesia Ciliary
 Primitive and immunological check-up)

 -  Appearance of symptoms in childhood, or family history of chronic bronchial disease,
 or notion of inbreeding

 -  Signed consent

 -  Affiliated with a social security system

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  Refusal to participate in the study

 *Relatives

 -  First-degree healthy relatives

 -  Polynesian adult more than 18 years

 -  Signed consent

 -  Affiliated with a social security system

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  Refusal to participate in the study