Effect of Implantable Contraception on Type-2 DM and Metabolic Syndrome in Women With History of Gestational DM
Effect of Implantable Contraception on Type-2 DM and Metabolic Syndrome in Women With History of Gestational DM
The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of implantable contraception on the
 incidence of diabetes mellitus in women with history of gestational diabetes mellitus
 comparing with those using nonhormonal contraceptives.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was defined as abnormal glucose tolerance detected for
 the first time in pregnancy. GDM is a well-known risk factor for developing overt diabetes
 later in life, especially type 2 diabetes. About 50-60% of woman with prior GDM will develop
 type 2 diabetes during their lifetime. Recent studies show that women with previous GDM
 exhibit a markedly increased prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, even when glucose
 tolerance is normal. For both maternal and future offspring, women with prior GDM need safe,
 efficient, and acceptable choices for contraceptive methods that do not enhance their already
 substantial risk to develop either overt diabetes or metabolic syndrome and associated
 sequelae. The intrauterine device (IUD) is a very effective and reversible contraceptive
 method without metabolic disturbances and therefore is an ideal contraceptive for women with
 prior GDM. Progestins do not increase globulin production; thus, they do not increase
 coagulation factors or blood pressure. A nonrandomized open-label prospective trial of
 healthy obese, reproductive-age women in California were studied about the metabolic effects
 of progestin-only long-acting reversible contraception levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine
 system (LNG-IUS) and etonogestrel implant (ENG-I)] comparing with nonhormonal contraception
 (NHC). The changes in fasting glucose and insulin sensitivity were seen among obese at 3
 months.
Inclusion Criteria:

 -  Postpartum women with diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus

 -  Want to use implant contraception or nonhormonal contraceptions such as IUD or tubal
 sterilization

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  Age less than 18 years old

 -  Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus at post partum period

 -  Cardiovascular disease, Liver disease, autoimmune disease

 -  The women that reject to continue in the study.