Infrared for Peripheral Venous Catheterization in the Critically-ill
Infrared for Peripheral Venous Catheterization in the Critically-ill
Peripheral venous catheterization is a fundamental part of the management of critically-ill
 patients, especially for administration of intravenous emergency treatments. In general, it
 is preferred to central catheterization whenever possible, since it is less invasive,
 achievable immediately by the nurse, and responsible for fewer complications.

 Venous access difficulties are frequent in critically-ill patients. Among tools proposed to
 improve the practice of peripheral catheterization, ultrasound and infrared illumination are
 the most studied, the latter being simpler. Infrared illumination has never been evaluated in
 intensive care. However, the delay or failure of peripheral catheterization is highly
 detrimental in the context of resuscitation as it may delay or impede appropriate management
 of vital emergencies. Our study will focus on the peripheral venous catheterization of the
 upper limbs, as these are the reference site for this technique The objective is to evaluate
 the interest of infrared illumination (AccuVein AV500®) for the primary success (first
 puncture) of peripheral venous catheterization of the upper limbs in patients with
 resuscitation at risk of catheterization venous difficult.

 It is a comparative, superiority, prospective, multicenter, randomized, controlled,
 open-label, phase III trial. Subjects will be divided into two groups with a 1: 1 ratio.
 Nurses at participating centers will be trained for the use of the device prior to the start
 of the study; the use of the device is singularly easy and intuitive.
Inclusion Criteria:

 -  Age ≥ 18 years; Hospitalization in intensive care;

 -  Need for a peripheral venous catheter;

 -  Risk of difficult peripheral venous catheterization. In practice, this risk will be
 considered present if it is impossible to palpate and / or visualize the upper end of
 the target vein and / or if the estimated vein diameter is smaller than 2mm. This
 definition is derived from the A-DIVA score (Loon FAJ van et al3).

 -  Affiliation to the social security

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  Patient who has already been enrolled in the ICARE study during the current
 hospitalization;

 -  Refusal of patient's participation