The Effects of Somatosensory and Vestibular Rehabilitation Additional Conventional Therapy on Balance in Patients With Acute Stroke.
The Effects of Somatosensory and Vestibular Rehabilitation Additional Conventional Therapy on Balance in Patients With Acute Stroke.
This study was planned to evaluate the effects of somatosensory and vestibular rehabilitation
 additional conventional therapy on balance in patients with acute stroke.
Stroke or unsufficient cerebral circulation is a non-traumatic disease due to occlusion or
 rupture of brain blood circulation characterized by neurological deficits such as loss of
 motor control, cognitive impairment, oral disorder or sensory changes in one half of the body
 resulting from changes. The resulting hemiplegia in the stroke result in half of the body's
 neuromuscular vascular syndrome characterized by impairment. The largest stroke
 classification that currently holds validity is based on etiology by the National Institutes
 of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). The stroke is due to ischemic and hemorrhagic disorder.
 Ischemic stroke results in the formation of thrombosis (40%), emboli (30%) and lacunar
 infections (20%). Increased intracranial pressure in the haemorrhage results in increased
 load on the vessel, which causes the wall to rupture. The blood is then poured into the brain
 tissue and forms 10% of all the stomachs. In the anterior circulation, the anterior carotid
 interna, the anterior cerebri media and the cerebri anterior are affected. In the posterior
 circulation a.vertebralis, a.basillaris and a. cerebri posterior is affected. Eighty percent
 of patients have a carotid system lesion and affect the cerebral hemispheres and cause
 hemiplegia. Cardiac-derived emboli migrate more towards the middle cerebral artery. The brain
 stem-fed system is posterior circulation and although there is better posterior circulation
 Cerebro Vascular Damage (CVD) prognosis, the presence of vital sites such as respiration and
 cardiac increases vital danger. The clinical findings of the lesion of the middle cerebral
 artery show marked contralateral hemialgia, astereognosis, agnosia, alexia, hemianopsia,
 extremity kinetic apraxia in the upper extremity. The anterior cerebral artery lesion has
 marked contralateral hemiplegia, grip and sucking reflexes, amnesia, echolalia and urinary
 incontinence in the lower extremity. Bilateral homonomous hemianopsia, ocular failure is seen
 in the posterior artery peripheral field lesion, paralysis in vertical eye movements,
 postural tremor and hemiballismus are seen in the central lesion. Contralateral hemiplegia
 due to internal carotid artery lesion, aphasia occurs. Coma and quadriplegia are seen due to
 basilar artery involvement. Anterior superior cerebellar artery involvement, especially lower
 extremity vibration, decreased position sensation, horizontal nystagmus, contralateral Horner
 syndrome are seen. Facial paralysis on the same side due to inferior cerebellar artery
 involvement, decreased pain and temperature on the opposite side, tinnitus and ataxia are
 seen anteriorly. In vertebral artery involvement, decrease in pain and heat sensation on
 opposite side, facial hemianesthesia on the same side, tactile and proprioceptive sensory
 loss, ptosis are seen. In general, visual, proprioceptive and vestibular loss is observed in
 stroke patients. There is an associated loss of balance which increases the patient's risk of
 falling. The aim of the patient is to prevent progression of the deformity and complications,
 correction of the deformity and preservation of the obtained correction.To determine the type
 of stroke, Computerized Tomography (CT) should be taken within the first 30 minutes of
 stroke. Imaging of lacunar infections and vertebro basilar arterial infections after 12 hours
 of (Computerized Brain Tomography) CBT is also unsuccessful. In this case MRI (Magnetic
 Resonance Imaging) should be withdrawn. In patients with suspected subarachnoid haemorrhage,
 digital subtraction angiography (DSA) should be performed for patients with lumbar puncture,
 candidates for carotid endarterectomy, Transesophageal Echocardiography (ECHO) for patients
 with embolism, and Holter monitoring test if paroxysmal atrial fibrillation or other
 arrhythmias are considered. A lot of static and dynamic testing and ability of gait record
 with used by physical therapists such as standing in the romberg position on only foot with
 open after closed eyes for difficulties of exercises gradually. If clinicians want to
 reinforce of the force, they can change the surface of support tasks gradually, eyes open or
 closed, combined head or arm movement to maintain of postural stability excessively,
 increased step and sway. Similar with our device for evaluation of balance known as clinical
 test of sensory integration and balance. It consists of 4 different conditions open/closed
 eyes and firm/compliant surface progressively difficulties. Patients need to stand on the
 ground for up to 30 seconds on these stance positions. Our study included Kore Balance which
 evaluate dynamic and static balance with stroke and pressure of flor is arranged by physical
 therapist in order to test patient's ability to somatosensorial, vestibular and visual
 stimulation for postural control. Stroke treatment has primary and secondary prevention
 strategies. Conservative treatment includes physical exercises, orthosis, electrical
 stimulation, manipulation, and physiotherapy. Some of these treatments have insufficient
 evidence. It is said that electrical stimulation is not effective in reducing thrombosis and
 reducing dizziness and headache. There is evidence of increased interest and efficacy in the
 literature in terms of exercises. The efficacy of Johnstone splint therapy has been proven in
 studies. It is also part of the treatment of mandatory use therapy, pressure faradism, mirror
 therapy, Bobath weight transfer, active assistive manipulation of in-bed ROM (Range of
 Motion) movements, interventional brain stimulation, serotonin reuptake inhibitor drugs.
 Apart from surgery, Johnstone plays a major role in the treatment of the PNF (Proprioceptive
 Neuromuscular Facilitation) method, in which feedback from the motor learning program is
 crucial to Brunnstrom, abdominal contractions become apparent, and maximal resistance is
 activated by force propagation on the plegia side. The neurophysiologic approach provides
 proprioceptive, spatial and sensorial sensory enhancement with traction and approximation,
 and posture reflex is removed. In the Brunnstrom method, motor synergies (flexor and extensor
 synergy) are first created by using pathological reflexes, then these synergies are used
 together with antagonist synergists and disintegrated to normal motion. Mainly
 Cawthorne-Cooksey and Frenkel exercises based on visual, vestibular and proprioceptive
 senses. Early movements after stroke, we were aimed to present compensatory behaviors,
 neglect syndrome and fear of falling. Also, vestibular and somatosensorial exercises improved
 vestibulospinal compensation and provided postural stability. Main purpose of this study is
 that the effects of somatosensory and vestibular rehabilitation additional conventional
 therapy on balance in patients with acute stroke.
Inclusion Criteria:

 -  Inönü University Faculty of Medicine Neurology Department of patients with ischemic or
 hemorrhagic stroke diagnosed by department,

 -  Co-operative,

 -  In the age range 45-80,

 -  Will be able to adapt to the exercise program,

 -  To be involved in voluntary work,

 -  Individuals who have been given their informed consent will be included in the study.

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  Having incomplete infarction,

 -  Having symptomatic lesions (abcess, tumor) with excessive bleeding risk or stroke,

 -  Pulmonary complication,

 -  If the training does not fit such as confusion or coma,

 -  Patients with acute stroke who do not want to be involved in voluntary work will not
 be included.