Comparison of Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy Using Fine Needle Aspiration Versus Fine Needle Capillary Sampling
Comparison of Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy Using Fine Needle Aspiration Versus Fine Needle Capillary Sampling
Primary objective:

 -  To estimate the degree of agreement in diagnosis of cytologic samples from mediastinal
 lymph nodes obtained by Endobronchial Ultrasound (EBUS)-guided Fine Needle Capillary
 Sampling (FNC) versus Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA).

 Secondary objective:

 -  To compare the quality of cytologic samples from mediastinal lymph nodes obtained by
 EBUS-guided FNC versus FNA. The quality of the samples will be assessed initially by
 MDACC on-site cytology technicians, and then corroborated by physicians in the
 department of cytology. This assessment will be performed utilizing the Mair's score 3.
 The score consists of a 0-10 scale: 1-2= poor; 3-6=good; 7-10=superior.
Tissue Sample Collection:

 If you agree to take part in this study, you will have your already scheduled endobronchial
 ultrasound-guided biopsy performed after you have been given a drug to make you sleep. You
 will be asked to sign a separate informed consent for the biopsy procedure.

 During a standard of care biopsy procedure, there are normally 3-5 tissue sample collections
 performed. For the purposes of this study, you will have a total of 4 tissue collections
 performed during the biopsy procedure. Two tissue collections (2) using the FNC method, and 2
 tissue collections using the FNA method.

 If the first 4 tissue sample collections do not provide good enough tissue samples to perform
 the diagnosis, additional sample collections may be performed. If more samples are collected,
 these samples will not be used for the purposes of this study and will only be collected for
 diagnostic purposes.The sampling will be done by the pulmonologist who is performing your
 procedure.

 The first 4 tissue samples that are collected for the purposes of this study will be examined
 to determine the quality of the sample as well as for diagnostic purposes.

 Medical Record Information:

 Information from your medical record will be collected 1 time for this study. The information
 collected will include information about your diagnosis, the number of radiation treatments
 you may have had, and additional information about your medical history. The information will
 be de-identified and stored in a research database on a password protected computer that only
 the study doctor and study staff will have access to.

 Length of Study:

 You will remain on study for the duration of biopsy procedure. After the biopsy has been
 performed, and your medical record information has been collected you will no longer be on
 study.

 This is an investigational study. The endobronchial ultrasound-guided biopsy of the lymph
 nodes is FDA approved. Both methods of tissue collection (FNA and FNC) are FDA approved for
 the purposes of this study.

 Up to 200 patients will take part in this study. All will be enrolled at M. D. Anderson.
Inclusion Criteria:

 1. patients 18 years or older

 2. Patients in which EBUS is indicated based on the suspicion of either benign or
 malignant disease in mediastinal and/or hilar lymph nodes. This will include patients
 who are in the hospital.

 Exclusion Criteria:

 1. patients under 18 years or younger