RAOLA Observational: Local Anesthesia During Cardiac Catheterization
RAOLA Observational: Local Anesthesia During Cardiac Catheterization
An open label observational clinical study to compare the efficacy of EMLA cream (lidocaine
 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5% in a ratio of 1:1 by weight) in comparison to the established local
 anesthesia (LA) protocol of lidocaine subcutaneous injection, in providing adequate
 peri-operative local anesthesia during transradial coronary angiography
A total of 800 consecutive patients, who are referred for elective coronary angiography to
 1st Cardiology Department cathlab, with the suspicion of coronary artery disease (CAD) will
 be enrolled in this study. Exclusion criteria are acute coronary syndrome, previous
 ipsilateral transradial approach, Raynaud's syndrome, abnormal renal function with or without
 need for hemodialysis, known history of sensitivity to local anesthetics, non-palpable radial
 pulse, abnormal Barbeau's test and patient's refusal. Baseline clinical, demographic and
 procedural data of the study population will be recorded.

 The study will not involve any intervention but it will observe patients assigned to other
 EMLA cream or lidocaine injection for local anesthesia as part of their clinical routine
 treatment during transradial catherization.

 Primary end-point: the perception of radial pain assessed during artery puncture and 30
 minutes after sheath removal. Secondary end-point: The number of puncture attempts, the total
 time required before successful sheath insertion, and the occurrence of radial artery spasm
 will be also documented in each group Participants will be observed for 4 hours post
 angiography for development of local complications or side effects.
Inclusion Criteria:

 - patients, referred for elective diagnostic coronary angiography

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -  acute coronary syndrome

 -  previous ipsilateral transradial approach

 -  Raynaud's syndrome

 -  abnormal renal function with or without need for hemodialysis

 -  known history of sensitivity to local anesthetics

 -  non-palpable radial pulse, abnormal Barbeau's test

 -  patient's refusal