Predictive Value of SOFA and APACHE Scores for In-hospital Mortality in COVID-19 ICU Patients
Predictive Value of SOFA and APACHE Scores for In-hospital Mortality in COVID-19 ICU Patients
The aim of this study is to evaluate the predictive value for in-hospital mortality of
 respectively the SOFA and Apache scores in a COVID-19 ICU cohort and to develop a new
 prediction model for COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU from 13th of March 2020 until 17th
 of October 2020.
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome
 coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) emerged in December 2019 and has rapidly spread worldwide. The
 mortality of critical ill patients with COVID-19 has been reported variously as low as 11%
 and as high as 61%. The application of scoring systems can facilitate the effective
 evaluation by physicians to screen severe patients. At present, however, there are no
 specific scoring systems for the evaluation of COVID-19 patients. Scoring systems such as the
 Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score can help emergency or critical care
 physicians for prognosis and predicting mortality. The SOFA score described the condition of
 multiple organ dysfunction through several parameters, including oxygenation index, mean
 arterial pressure, Glasgow come scale, creatinine or urine volume, bilirubin, platelets for
 the respiratory, circulatory, neurological, renal, hepatogenic and coagulation systems
 respectively. The function of each organ system is scored from 0 to 4, and the individual
 SOFA scores are summed to a total score. Although SOFA was not initially designed to predict
 mortality, several studies reveal that SOFA could predict morbidity and mortality in severe
 ill patients.

 Besides the SOFA score, the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (Apache II) scores
 was designed to measure the severity of disease of patients admitted to the ICU and to
 predict mortality. The Apache II score is calculated based on physiological measurements such
 as body temperature, mean arterial pressure, pH, heart and respiratory rate, Glasgow coma
 scale, oxygenation and blood parameters such as sodium, potassium, creatinine, hematocrit and
 white blood cell count. Recently, the Apache IV score is developed where additional
 parameters such as admission information, admission diagnosis and chronic health conditions
 were take into account.
Inclusion Criteria:

 -  COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU from 13th of March 2020 until 17th October 2020.

 Exclusion Criteria:

 -