Washed Microbiota Transplantation Improves Nutritional Status of Patients With Crohn's Disease
Washed Microbiota Transplantation Improves Nutritional Status of Patients With Crohn's Disease
Patients with Crohns' disease (CD) are always complicated with malnutrition. Exclusive
 enteral nutrition (EEN) is an effective treatment to improve nutritional status and induce
 remission in patients with CD however a reduction in microbiota diversity was the most
 frequently reported effect of EEN. There was a raised critical question that whether EEN
 combining microbiota transplantation can bring much more benefits to those CD patients with
 malnutrition.

 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective way of remodeling microbiota. The
 improved methodology of FMT in our group since 2014 was different from the traditional manual
 FMT and was recently coined as washed microbiota transplantation (WMT), which is dependent on
 the automatic facilities and washing process in a laboratory room with biosafety level 3.

 Importantly, the worse nutritional status might decrease the efficacy of FMT. Therefore,
 there was a raised critical question that when is the proper time to combine WMT for those CD
 patients requiring EEN. This trial aimed to explore the timing of WMT in CD patients with
 malnutrition and assess the efficacy and safety of the strategy using WMT combined with EEN
 in CD patients.
Inclusion Criteria:

 1. patients aged 18 to 65 years with active CD, as defined by Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI)
 score >4;

 2. patients accompanied with malnutrition as assessed by Nutritional Risk Screening 2002
 (NRS2002) score ≥ 3 or Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) score ≥
 4;

 3. patients with high compliance.

 Exclusion Criteria:

 1. accompanying with contraindications of enteral nutrition (EN) such as ileus, active
 gastrointestinal bleeding and shock;

 2. severe comorbidities (e.g., Clostridium difficile infection, diabetes, cancer,
 cardiopulmonary failure and severe liver and kidney diseases;

 3. parenteral infection such as urinary infection, pneumonia, etc;

 4. steroids or biologicals use within 6 week;

 5. intestinal fibrotic stenosis;

 6. patients who are pregnant or going to be pregnant;

 7. patients with mental disorders.