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Expanding the web of flood risk management
Jeremy Carter is a research fellow working within the University of Manchester's School of Environment, Education and Development. He is co-director of the Centre for Urban Resilience and Energy.
Flood risk across England and Wales in February 2014. Red indicates a severe risk of flooding. (Image from http://www.shoothill.com).
The floods that hit England and Wales over the winter of 2013-14 have pushed a series of issues to the forefront of people's minds; not least the real risk of flooding that hangs over many communities across the country. It remains to be seen whether a progressive response can be driven forward to address the interconnected web of issues linking the causes, consequences and responses to flood events. These issues encompass diverse themes from agricultural practices and climate change to land use change and public funding priorities. These themes are all connected. They represent different elements of the natural and human systems that combine to generate floods and associated environmental, social and economic impacts. Although there will always be calls for short term fixes from some groups, with demands for dredging rivers standing out in this particular case, the uncomfortable fact is that there are no immediate solutions to many of the issues raised by the floods. Searching questions need to be asked about the connection between flooding and way that urban and rural landscapes have been developed and managed, and about how they might evolve in the future. A concerted emergency response and recovery effort to the impacts raised by this particular series of floods, although necessary, will simply not be enough.
A noticeable theme within the media over recent weeks has been the political blame-game and mud-slinging that has accompanied the recent floods. Amongst these unwelcome distractions, one useful point was made by Owen Patterson, the current environment secretary, on the development of approaches to lessen future flood risk. He stated that,
"…we need to do more to hold the water back, way back in the hills."[1]
The implications of this statement are far reaching. Effectively, Patterson recognised the need for catchment scale responses to reduce flood risk. This in turn calls for the management of land far removed from sites exposed to the threat of flooding for the benefit of those locations at risk of inundation. To take an example, until comparatively recently landowners in North West England were being subsidised to accelerate the drainage of upland blanket peat bogs by 'gripping' or cutting open drains along the peatland edge. Happily this practice has now been reversed, although there is still some way to go before the water storage capacity of these upland landscapes is re-established. Actions like this should be encouraged as part of a strategic catchment scale response to reducing flood risk. They are important because in the case of extreme rainfall events, which climate change projections suggest are likely to become more frequent, the capacity of existing defences to hold back flood waters may be insufficient. Measures such as this are also needed to help lessen the volume of water reaching sites exposed to flood risk.
There are major challenges associated with delivering catchment scale flood risk management responses. For example, certain sites may currently be providing important flood risk management functions to areas further downstream through the role they play in storing water and reducing the speed and volume of surface water runoff reaching water courses. However, in some cases, these locations will also be earmarked for future housing, retail or industrial development. This poses tricky questions concerning whether, and if so how, land can be managed at a catchment scale to reduce flood risk. Understandably, a local authority may be reluctant to forgo the potential gains associated with a new development to secure benefits offered by the land for residents and businesses located in an authority further downstream.
Catchment scale flood risk management responses of the type needed to reduce flood risk are hindered by the shape of existing political and administrative boundaries. These generally do not match the scale at which river systems operate. There are notable exceptions such as the European Water Framework Directive's River Basin Management Plans, which are designed at the catchment scale to enhance the quality of water bodies and water courses. Largely, however, we are faced with a spatial mismatch. Issues such as flooding cannot be effectively addressed without the creation of new partnerships and networks, engaging agencies and organisations from different sectors, which recognise the cross-boundary nature of flood risk management.
Work ongoing within the Climate Proof Cities project, a Dutch government funded initiative on which the University of Manchester is collaborating, is bringing these themes together via a case study based on Greater Manchester and its surrounding hinterlands. Research led by the Centre for Urban Resilience and Energy (CURE) is mapping the extent of green infrastructure cover that is providing flood risk management functions to an exposed site in the centre of the city. Much of the green infrastructure that has been identified is located beyond the district at risk of flooding, and a significant amount lies beyond the administrative boundaries of Greater Manchester itself. Options to address this spatial mismatch are being considered.
Further details are available here: http://urban-energy.org/climate-proof-cities/
[1] http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-25908098
This entry was posted in Interventions and tagged Climate Change, flooding on March 17, 2014 by citiesmcr.
Can Manchester become a cycling city?
For cities such as Manchester to operate a fully sustainable transport system they must make cycling mainstream, say Dr James Evans and Gabriele Schliwa. Their study into how to make the vision a reality has policy implications for cities across the UK.
Manchester may be the home of British cycling, but does the city fully embrace two wheels?
A flat city home to Europe's largest student population should, in theory, be a biking mecca. But the reality is some way off. Many would-be cyclists are simply put off getting on the saddle at all, even for the slightest journey, be it because of safety or security issues, practicalities, better alternatives or maybe just Mancunian weather!
However, as more people see both the economic and health benefits of cycling (and the nationwide boom shows little sign of letting up), so cities need to adapt and make cycling mainstream. If cities really want to fully embrace sustainability then cycling has to be a part of the mix.
For a city such as Manchester to see more cyclists on its streets it has to do a number of things – understand the needs of cyclists, experiment with solutions, and learn what works. This means bringing together partners already working on the 'two-wheels good' mantra.
It was precisely these elements which provided the framework for the Manchester Cycling Lab research project into the state of cycling in the city that we began a few months ago, thanks to funding from the Economic & Social Research Council.
Ranked against the likes of London – or even a comparable city on the continent – Manchester would probably admit it has been slow to fully embrace the potential of cycling, while also underestimating cycling usage. At the same time there has been remarkably little research into cycle usage in the city compared to other forms of transport. There is a sense in which Manchester has to catch up.
There are lots of exciting initiatives already underway in the city. For instance the Velocity 2025 programme (http://cycling.tfgm.com/velocity/) aims to make cycling a mainstream, everyday form of transport via a network of newly-built or enhanced cycling routes within the next decade. And the Oxford Road Corridor development will ban all cars except taxis along a stretch of the road beside our own university, while at the same time improving pedestrian and cycle facilities.
So what exactly have we been doing? Our starting point was to identify the gaps in knowledge that need to be filled in order to facilitate the Velocity programme, working closely with Manchester City Council, Transport for Greater Manchester (TfGM) and local businesses.
We then developed a suite of applied projects to address these needs using existing research capacity in the University – most notably in the form of our highly trained and motivated student body. The idea is to turn Manchester into a living laboratory for the study of cycling, harnessing the knowledge and capacity of the University to support a cycling transition.
Our portfolio contains about a dozen research projects, tailored to the knowledge needs of our key stakeholders, including a cost-benefit analysis for cycling investment in Manchester; an analysis of the potential to use bikes for delivery services; comparisons with cities such as New York and Berlin that have successfully invested in cycling; and smart planning for bicycle infrastructure.
For the latter project masters student Benjamin Bell is investigating whether Strava, a popular app which enables users to track and record their cycle journeys, can be used to understand where people cycle in Manchester. Early estimates suggest more than 12,000 people use Strava in Manchester, which accounts for around 6% of all cyclists in the city, a not insignificant number. We are sending out mailshots to further encourage the use of Strava by regular commuter cyclists to build up more representative data.
We set out to learn who already cycles in the city, which roads they use, and how often. We particularly wanted to test the extent to which Strava provided a realistic picture of Manchester's most popular cycling routes and cyclist demographics. Is it representative of actual cycle patterns? We will be comparing our results with previous TfGMstudies and against real-life counts of cyclists on the same road segments.
Although the results are still coming in, the findings are already striking. For instance the vast majority (on average more than 90%) of Strava users are men. But does this reflect the wider uptake of cycling in the city? And those women who do use Strava tend to use more side roads and off-road routes to complete their journey. Surely a demonstration of very real safety concerns among women?
The questions ultimately posed by our study are long term. They are as much cultural and behavioural as physical. Can we change the actual mindset of vast swathes of the population and bring them around to the benefits of cycling?
As the Manchester Cycling Lab research portfolio shows, we want to compare our work with comparable cities. But in this regard Manchester needs to benchmark itself not just with other UK cities, but with those on the continent or in other developed nations too. Here our aim is to very much to be part of that wider policy debate about what cities like Manchester can and need to do to fully embrace cycling.
Cities like Berlin have achieved major increases in cycling levels in a relatively short time-frame with similar levels of investment to that proposed in Manchester. Their investment in cycling infrastructure, promotion and education is now really paying off, as any recent visitor would tell you. Let's make people say the same about Manchester in 10 years time.
*We would urge you to join us for two special events next month. The University of Manchester Bicycle Users Group (UMBUG) is celebrating reaching 1000 members with a special event at 4.30pm on Thursday April 3 outside University Place http://umbug.manchester.ac.uk/. Meanwhile Cities@Manchester is hosting an urban forum exploring the issues raised in this article on Tuesday, 8 April, 6-8pm at the International Anthony Burgess Foundation. http://www.cities.manchester.ac.uk/events/
This blog is also available at policy@manchester … http://blog.policy.manchester.ac.uk/
This entry was posted in Interventions and tagged Built Environment, Coalition Government, cycling, Manchester, Planning, Policy, Politics on March 17, 2014 by citiesmcr.
Of refugees and post-earthquake responses
Natalia Garcia Cervantes, Jessica Roccard and Cathy Wilcock (University of Manchester) write about an international conference that took place two weeks ago in Manchester …
The third part of the series 'Ambivalence in the city' at the HCRI/GURC sub-conferences for the 11th International Conference on Urban Health continued with the session 'Urban humanitarianism III: Refugees, inequalities and humanitarianism'. Participating in the plenary was our colleague Cathy Wilcock, from IDPM at the University of Manchester, and Jorge Inzulza from the University of Chile.
Cathy Wilcock started the session with the presentation 'Institutional Resistance to the transnational political activities of refugee groups: The anti-politics of refugee NGOS towards Sudanese activists in Manchester'. Cathy explores how the political activities of Sudanese refugees in urban centres in the UK are affected by the political environment of their new place of residence. She analyses the systems of power relations, both actors and processes, of the refugees' political environment in relation to their transnational activities. She does this by exploring three key questions: What transnational activities are taking place? How do UK-NGO's relate to those activities? And, what are the implications of this relation?
In this context, refugees NGO's aim to support and empower communities to establish strong organizations; nonetheless, these NGOs appear to be extremely concerned with the possibility of lending support to political activists based in the UK, such as the anti-Bashir movement. As a result, political activism is seen by NGOs as a menace for the refugees' community development and an 'institutional resistance' emerges whereby NGOs become reluctant to form relationships with transnational political activism groups. Additionally, an obvious support for cultural, as opposed to political refugee organisations, on one hand, and resistance to political activities on the other, sends the message that 'There is an ideal type of refugee that we will support', namely those who are victims of conflict, and not embroiled in the contentious politics which espoused conflict, those who bring over cultural memories of their place of origin and not political ones. In short, it results in the legitimisation of cultural activities and the delegitimisation of political activities. She asks whether, in reality, it is sensible or possible for those to be separated.
To continue with the session, Jorge Inzulza, from the University of Chile presented a very engaging topic; 'Tremors and large waves: loss of memories and threat in the context of the Chilean reconstruction'. Dr Inzulza introduced the urban planning policies issues regarding post-earthquake reconstruction using the case of Talca and Constitucion. He argued that, natural disasters and gentrification are processes that commonly increase poverty and social inequality; they often displace residents and change the urban landscape in cities, particularly at intermediate size cities in Latin America. Dr Inzulza suggested that, the lack of appropriate post-reconstruction planning policies results in a gentrification of the city, where the loss of infrastructure and consequent sense of place amounts to the loss of citizens' legitimacy and identity. He highlighted the dissonance between the existent normative and guideline documents that work at different levels and the pressing needs that surge from the earthquake; and there is an explicit disconnection between normative aspects and socio-economic, government management, territorial investments and a spatial-physical approach to planning for reconstruction.
This was indeed a very compelling and exciting session. Thanks to both participants!!
All change please: climate in urban areas
The third day of the conference ICUH 2014, started with a plenary session led by Prof Hancock, Prof Sir Gilmore, Prof Hickman and Prof Rao. First, Prof Hancock presented the impacts of climate change on urban areas. Pointing out the three parameters that have influence on urban areas and public health (environment, people and economy), he argued for the need for "healthy democracies". Secondly, Prof Sir Gilmore introduced the disastrous effects of alcohol on urban population. Hence, he claimed that we are currently witnessing a shift of the behaviour of the population: from enjoying a glass of alcohol to binge drinking. This change poses a serious threat for public health as a significant increase in alcohol-related injuries and disease and death is observed. Then, the third speaker, Prof Hickman, talked about the issue of hepatitis C in urban areas among the injection users with a very cost/effective approach by addressing the effectiveness of the possible interventions depending on the prevalence of the disease among this population. The last speaker, Prof Rao, described the health problems of the urban poor in Indian and Bangladesh cities. She pointed out the link between health and urbanisation emphasising the importance of the urban areas. Indeed, cities are powerful drivers of economic growth, but they are also the witnesses of social inequity between low-income and higher-income communities, being a major issue to address.
Is climate change THE PRIMARY concern or is it a new characteristic of development issues?
The documentary presented by Dr Dodman entitled "Climate Bites: Disease", of the hot cities series, was supported by the Rockefeller Foundation for the purpose of being broadcast by the BBC. It presented the exacerbation of public health issues related to climate change. The examples of Jakarta and the increasing epidemics of dengue, Paris and the heat wave which occurred in 2003, and Chicago and its solutions strategies such as green roofs and surveillance system were examined.
This interesting video raises numerous questions. First, the documentary emphasises that climate change is the cause of the public health issues. However, is climate change really the main cause of the disease epidemics, or does it simply exacerbate existent issues of urbanisation of the city? In this case, what is the degree of importance of its impacts on these inherent urbanisation issues? Is climate change a development issue?
Furthermore, the case of Jakarta addresses gender issues. Indeed, while fogging is undertaken by the authorities, prevention campaigns and insecticide distribution are also carried out by a women's organisation. Hence, could measures to face climate change impacts be implemented along with women's empowerment strategies? However, while focusing on this organisation, further questions are raised. Who provided the insecticide to the women's organisation? How was their organisation set up? Would it be efficient in a low-income community, also often lacking of basic knowledge?
In this context, it can also be noted that the strategy implemented by the authorities is short term. It eradicates the vector but it does not address the underlying issue of water and sanitation. Hence, the sustainability of the strategy is questionable as the deeper causes of the epidemics are not addressed. On the contrary, long-term strategies such as the building of green infrastructures and designed of surveillance system of the most vulnerable people have been implemented in Chicago. However, could these long-term strategies of Northern cities be possible to be implemented in the cities of the Global South as these latest are already facing heavy and different urbanisation burdens?
Finally, regarding both the heat wave in Paris and dengue in Jakarta, it can be noticed that the authorities and sanitary actors were unprepared to face the hazards. Learning from these experiences, responses have been elaborated. However, do we need to witness deaths to prepare for the coming changes?
All's well that ends well: Closing plenary
The closing session of the HCRI/GURC sub-conferences was chaired by Dr Tanja Muller, with the contributions of Professor Diana Mitlin, from GURC at the University of Manchester and Dr David Dodman from IIED.
Professor Mitlin started by offering her observations on 'Urban Risk and Humanitarian Response: reflecting on urban realities and specificities', where, in order to understand urban risks, she scrutinized what the terms 'urban', 'risks' and 'humanitarian' mean. An 'urban' environment is among other things, characterised by high density areas, a dependence on labour markets influenced by public investment management and potential of urban space.
Dr Dodman explored the topic 'Climate change and its health impacts on the urban poor' and pointed at the pressing need for new urban systems for resilience, and to develop preventative measures for the implications of climate change in health.
The session ended as an invigorating exchange of ideas between the audience and the panellists. We discussed the significance of humanitarian response to the current and future challenges posed to urban health, by risks such as violence and climate change.
Overall, the HCRI/GURC sub-conference of the 11th International Conference on Urban Health delivered a thought-provoking and dynamic symposium. It brought together some fascinating research from both established and emerging academics with insights from some world-leading practitioners.
This entry was posted in Interventions and tagged Development, Health, Manchester, Planning on March 17, 2014 by citiesmcr.
Asking the right questions: What kind of research will actively serve to improve urban health?
The second morning's opening plenary (6 March) featured keynotes by Dr David Satterwaite (International Institute for the Environment and Development) and Professor Ana Diez Roux (Drexel University). Both focus on the role of research in improving health.
Professor Satterwaite was asking 'Why is health so poor in the Global South after 60 years of humanitarian interventions?' Despite over half a century of development assistance, in many countries in the Global South, 1 in 5 infants are still dying before the age of 5. In light of this lack of progress, Professor Satterwaite asks why most of the research into 'causes of death' is conducted with the aim of being able to make global comparisons, rather than generating localised, relevant knowledge. Without this specific local information, there is no way development practitioners, urban planners, or local governments, can target the right policies at the right areas of their locality. He proposes that the way forward is to garner the unique knowledge of the poor themselves to form the basis of local partnerships between community organisations/ social movements within poor urban areas and their local governments. We wonder can participatory research work in areas where the power relations between government actors and non-state actors are abusive/oppressive? Does participation, as a policy-relevant research method, focus too much on the agency of the poor themselves, therefore initiating policies which are blind to the structural inequalities actually keeping people in poverty?
Following on from this, Professor Roux's keynotes called for innovations in research methodology in health research. She demonstrates that a lot of health research is 'linear' – it aims to reveal or demonstrate a causal relationship between one variable and another, often through data-gathering in experimental settings. In contrast to this so-called 'reductionist' method, she makes a compelling case for a 'systems approach' in health research. Less concerned with proving a causal relationship between two variables, a systems approach is sensitive to the multitude of factors which affect health and can present findings which are demonstrative of feedback (as opposed to causal) relations between the numerous components in the system. Especially within the context of a conference where the somewhat vague subtitle of 'crossing boundaries' has not really shone through so far, this refreshing keynotes provided a clear strategy for change rather than a business as usual approach.
Whose role is it anyway? Sharing responsibility for the urban poor's health
The keynotes speeches had left me wondering about the question of responsibility – who is responsible for improving the health of the urban poor. Is it the poor themselves? Their local governments? National governments? International NGOs? Local NGOs? If it is a combination of any of the above, how can that shared responsibility be managed? The session on 'Stress in the City' provided some interesting approaches to this question.
Women in Informal Employment: Globalising and Organising (WIEGO) presented on their work with market traders, street vendors, home based workers and domestic workers in urban townships in South Africa. Following that Dr Selmin Jahan spoke about water and sanitation facilities for the urban poor in Dhaka. The session closed with Dr Helen Elsey speaking about a 'Healthy Kitchens', an initiative which identifies interventions to improve health in urban slum kitchens. All of these presentations were about projects seeking to improve the health and safety in informal, unregulated urban settings where people are exposed to a multitude of risks including lung disease, gastrointestinal disease, burns etc. All three projects are asking how do we extend health and safety policies to urban informal settings? How can they be included in urban planning? How can we minimise health and safety risks in informal settings? In WIEGO's case, they have developed a piece of research in partnership with the market traders which outlines a zonal health and safety plan for their workplace. As well as providing education and training, they have overseen the installation of a risk management sub-committee among the traders. For the healthy cities initiative, the targeted intervention is to replace open fires and gas in kitchens with a safer alternative.
These projects placed a lot of the responsibility for improving health and safety on the urban poor themselves – the aim of these projects was to empower the urban poor to take the appropriate actions and establish the appropriate systems for improving health and safety using the resources available to them. However, they also recognised that these measures can only go so far without the local governments also taking responsibility to protect their citizens. In WIEGO's project in particular, the difficulty of making this shared-responsibility work shone through. They recognised the need to negotiate the unequal power relations between governments and their poor citizens and interestingly, have themselves developed strategies to tread this contentious path towards partnership. These presentations about three fascinating projects demonstrated how small, inexpensive measures can be implemented by the urban poor themselves to improve their health and safety. However, unequal structures loom large: how can the poor empower themselves effectively in a broader context of disempowerment?
Climate Change: a universal threat?
During the session about climate change (CC) and urban insecurities chaired by Dr Dodman, three presenters, Mr Umamaheshwaran, Mrs Dang Thu and Dr Rais introduced their work. Their interesting speeches raised different issues caused by climate change impacts on urban areas. On the one hand, it can be understood that impacts such as flooding and/or the increase in temperatures (among many others), are faced by every city within every country. And within these cities, they severely affect particularly the health of the most vulnerable: the low-income communities. However, not every city has to face existing burdens that CC only exacerbates. For example, New-Delhi faces extreme problems of drinking water access, sanitation systems and air pollution caused by the dense traffic. Moreover, the health policies are not always being adequately implemented and the reaction time of the authorities when an epidemic occurs is too long.
Nevertheless, there are attempts underway to address these problems. Indeed, strategies to face climate change impact are implemented by NGOs such as 'Challenge to Change' (Mrs Dang Thu), by providing support to the most vulnerable groups in Vietnam to implement strategies to mitigate and adapt to these impacts. On the other hand, more technological solutions such as projects from Taru (Mr Umamaheshwaran) are also being implemented in Indore. By supporting a new management system and software for the health practitioners, this organisation helps to monitor the spreading of disease and allows following in real time the epidemics.
The second session about climate change, chaired by Dr Alfredo Stein, also introduced some very interesting topics. Starting with the presentation of Dr Jemery Carter from the University of Manchester, the session first focused on climate change impacts and adaptation responses in Greater Manchester. Dr Carter pointed out the existing connections of the previous concepts with people health and well-being. He emphasised the creation of green infrastructure as a solution to face impacts such as flooding and heat wave. However, the infrastructure promoted might be efficient in a context of Manchester, but would not benefit from the same efficiency in Indian cities, for example.
Mr Brown and Dr Dodman propose a different approach of climate change. They argued that climate change research has been often considering it as top-down approach and focusing on hazards themselves. Hence, challenging this view, the vulnerability of the urban poor is the focus of their research.
The last presentation, given by Vikai Desai, focused on her experience in Surat city, which experienced strong flooding. As an impact of flooding, the city witnessed the arising of a new disease: leptospirosis. Facing this new challenge, an innovative monitoring and control system had to be implemented. Not only people, but cities as a whole have also to adapt to the new challenges arising from climate change direct and indirect impacts!
Finally, these sessions allowed the understanding of the multi-disciplinarity of climate change and multi-faceted impacts. CC creates strong challenges for urban health and development actors, as well as for the inhabitants of those cities. Practitioners and academics must work together to build a brightest and healthiest future.
Aiding violence? Urban violence and humanitarian responses to it
One of the HCRI/GURC sub-conference sessions was 'Urban violence and conflict: Exploring the response to urban violence' with the participation of Elena Lucci (via skype), Verena Brähler, and Dr Melanie Lombard.
Elena Lucci opened the session with the intervention 'Humanitarian Action in the context of urban violence' drawing on the lessons emerging from case studies based on humanitarian aid in urban settings experiences. She started by asking the question 'What is urban violence and why is it important for humanitarians?' She defined urban violence and then asserted that the characteristics such as dynamism, density and diversity or urban centres, can create enabling environments for violence. There are important lessons from her experience in humanitarian aid. For example: ensuring clear aims from the beginning must a priority; also, acting strategically to develop capacity and linkages in the community that is being served; thirdly, taking a localised approach to violence and to developing the specialized skills that are needed to respond to urban crises.
Following this, was Verena Brähler from UCL, with 'Inequality of Insecurity in Rio de Jainero, Brazil'. Verena presented the results of her PhD Research. She used a mixed methods approach and, on this occasion, she talked about the quantitative part. Her analytical framework is based on the concepts of inequality and security. Additionally, she measured social cohesion and perceptions of insecurity through a series of surveys in the 'favelas' and compared the security provision between low and middle-income neighbourhoods. To end such an interesting discussion, the audience contributed to the dialogue with questions about the role of the state in security provision in Brazil. She argues that in the absence of the Brazilian state as a provider of security, poor people have to accept to live side by side to criminals, respecting a silence code in exchange for minimal security provision.
Last but not least, Dr Melanie Lombard explored urban land conflicts with a case study from provincial Mexico. Dr Lombard provided key concepts about land disputes, and conceptual differences between conflict and violence; in Santa Lucia –the case study– the situation of many urban settlements in Mexico is exposed: land is available but unaffordable. As a result, colonias populares or peri-urban settlements arise from the illegal subdivision of previously community-owned land (ejidos). Conflict appears when, under the absence of state presence and a normative dissonance (since the land was neither claimed to be rural nor urban), the interests of key actors, including the state, urban political leaders and local associations clash. She concluded asserting that 'When violence is used as a tool by actors struggling for political or economic power, conflict over land is more likely to escalate and the urban poor communities are more likely to be adversely affected'.
This was indeed a very intense and stimulating session. Thanks to all the participants!!
This entry was posted in Interventions and tagged Development, Exclusion, Globalisation, Health, Manchester, Poverty, violence on March 17, 2014 by citiesmcr.
Digital Place Atmospheres: Architecture, Digital Visualisation and the Experience Economy
Monica Degen, a Senior Lecturer at the Sociology & Communications Department, Brunel University writes about her research and a talk at the University of Manchester on Wednesday 12 March …
Monica' work broadly interrogates the ways in which the senses structure and are structured by urban life and material culture (see also http://www.brunel.ac.uk/sss/sociology/staff-profiles/monica-degen). Her latest work (an ESRC funded project with Gillian Rose, Open University and Clare Melhuish, UCL) has been focusing the visualisation technologies by architects and explores the central role of digital architectural visualisations in place-making and urban regeneration initiatives, as cities re-invent themselves on a global stage. Computer Generated Images (CGIs) produced by architects and visualisers are used both as design tools, to help designers and clients visualise proposed designs and make decisions; and as communication devices, which project images of future places and what it will feel like to be in them to clients, planners and public audiences – mobilising emotion, opinion, participation, and action around large-scale projects. Hence they have a significant influence on the globalised working practices of architects, visualisers and construction professionals which effects material transformation of urban landscapes and everyday lived experience. CGIs can therefore be seen as an aesthetic and affective dimension of the way in which 'software is writing cities' (Thrift, 2001), which invites closer and more critical attention than they have so far been accorded by either social scientists interested in built space and social life, or by architects and architectural theorists interested in the implications of digital technology for architectural and urban design practice.
CGIs are all around us in different forms, but we rarely look at them closely, beyond the glossy and eye-catching surface which they present in the public realm. The paper she will present: Producing place atmospheres digitally: architecture, digital visualisation practices and the experience economy focuses on one particular project, Msheireb Downtown in Doha, Qatar, masterplanned and designed by a mix of British and American architectural practices for Msheireb Properties. In particular she will argue that while CGIs may be viewed simply as a continuation of older forms of architectural representation and rhetoric, the digitality of these images also sets them apart in certain ways from past traditions of image production in architecture. Drawing on a two year qualitative study of architects' practices we examine how digital technology enables the virtual engineering of sensory experiences using a wide range of graphic effects. We show how these CGIs are laboriously materialised in order to depict and present specific sensory, embodied regimes and affective experiences to appeal to clients and consumers.
The project was supported by an ESRC grant RES-062-23-3305, for more information see: http://www.open.ac.uk/researchcentres/osrc/research/projects/architectural-atmospheres
This entry was posted in Interventions and tagged Built Environment, experience, Senses on March 10, 2014 by citiesmcr.
International Conference on Urban Health 2014: Welcome to Manchester! 'He who has health, has hope. He who has hope has everything' (Martin Luther King)
Natalia Garcia Cervantes, Jessica Roccard and Cathy Wilcock (University of Manchester) write about an international conference currently underway in Manchester …
The 11th International Conference on Urban Health opened this morning with a thought-provoking and dynamic opening ceremony. Welcome speeches from Professors Caiaffa, Vlahov, Jacobs, Sir Howard Bernstein and Andrew Gwynne MP all praised the city of Manchester's pioneering role in public health, and referred to the legacy of the industrial revolution as a key factor in the city's present day public health issues. Keynotes speeches from Dr Howard Koh, Assistant Secretary for Health in the US, and Professor Sir Michael Marmot, both brought the social determinants of health into sharp focus.
Risky business: Violence, fires and toilets
The HCRI/GURC opening plenary session for the sub-conference on 'Urban Risk and Humanitarian Response' started with a presentation by Professor Moser on the inter-relations of urban violence and health. Human, financial and social capital are eroded by violence and this has a huge impact on individual health (both mental and physical) as well as on the general well-being of communities. Professor Moser suggests that, ideally, reducing violence should centre around six inter-sectoral approaches. Public health, she argues, should play a central role in this strategy. Does public health have the most effective preventative power in reducing violence? Is poor health best understood as a cause or effect of urban violence?
Next up was Steve Jordan from Greater Manchester Fire and Rescue Services and Operation Florian. He talked about his experiences of fire-fighting in Manchester and also of training brigades in different parts of the Global South. He has seen how fire can destroy lives and livelihoods because simple, inexpensive preventative and/or responsive measures have not been used in the cities of the Global South. He insisted that developing the institutional capacity of governments and communities, along with raising awareness, and conducting more research should be the main targets for improving fire safety across the board. This interesting presentation poses the question of the role of governments in the implementation of emergency response to disasters such as fires.
Barbara Evans from University of Leeds and Chair of UN Joint Monitoring Programmes on Sanitation brought her experience of water/sanitation projects to the table. In spite of the obvious consequences (1.7 million die from diarrhoeal disease per year) in many urban environments, she has observed a systematic failure around water and sanitation. Infrastructure is completely lacking, as is human capacity in many places. Demotivation among the government actors to address the underlying issues stems from a sense of overwhelming futility in the face of such huge problems: they often only act in periods of health crisis. Her talk reiterates the question raised in the previous presentation: What is the role of governance institutions in water and sanitation responses? How can the issues of water and sanitation be tackled in those cities with little or no infrastructural planning?
After lunch, Emma Maclennan, Eastern Alliance for Safe and Sustainable Transport presented on the health impacts of global road safety in the first of the 'Stress in the City' sessions. Her organisation focuses on building local capacity and expertise. 1.3 million are killed annually in RTAs (road traffic accidents) and 90% occur in low and middle countries. RTAs cost an average 1-3% of GDP and they are a major drain on health insurance costs. Safer vehicles, road-users, roads and post-crash responses, as well as building capacity are five key action points for making roads safer. The statistics she presented demonstrate the extent of the issue: RTAs actually kill almost as many persons as the diarrhoeal diseases stated previously.
Following on from Emma, three members of the Fire Service recounted their experiences of working in non-UK contexts. Together they demonstrated how the Fire Service can provide assistance in areas of prevention, response, and research-based strategy. Keith Trotter of Tyne and Wear Fire and Rescue presented about a community safety project in Mitjana, Uganda which aims to educate on fire safety in schools in Uganda where many people use candles in their homes in the absence of electricity. Following this, Neil Pickersgill of Greater Manchester Fire and Rescue Service spoke about his experience of responding to the Japan tsunami. His team had to adapt their strategy because they were not prepared for the fact that their work involved recovering bodies, rather than rescuing people. George Bryant from Gloucestershire Fire Service worked on permanent refugee camps in Kenya. They conducted participatory research in the camp to identify hazards and also to identify the most at risk demographic. They then devised fire safety strategies based on their findings and attempted to oversee their local implementation in the face of the Government reluctance – for them the camps are transitional and non-permanent (even though they are, for all purposes, permanent). These presentations demonstrated the various skills these units have to acquire to be efficient – in Steven Jordan's words, the fire service is not just about sitting and waiting for a bell to ring! From prevention strategy, to research, to education and training, to liaising with policy-makers, as well as emergency responses, these various lines of work must be able to adapt to different situations and cultures. Plus, again, the role/responsibility of governance came through strongly.
In the first of the 'Ambivalence of humanitarianism' sessions, Mateja Celestina and Prof Bertrand Taithe discussed different aspects of displacement. Mateja Celestina was presenting findings from her PhD fieldwork in Colombia. She raised issues around the sense of 'belonging' which she has observed being constructed by IDPs in relation to both (or, in some cases, neither) their new place of residence and their place of origin. Also, a key finding of hers was that the ways in which the IDPs and the non-displaced population related to each other (for example as competitors for land and resources) affected the IDPs' sense of 'belonging'. Integration is clearly an issue here – how can the re-location of people be implemented with minimum disruption to both the host community and the displaced? Are economic and cultural tensions between displaced and native groups inevitable or preventable in the process of displacement?
Professor Taithe then provided a rich analysis of the conditions in the refugee camps in Thailand housing Cambodian refugees from 1975-1996. Given that the camps provided good 'experimental conditions' for longitudinal research on 'trauma' and other health issues, Professor Taithe shows how the camps became 'epistemic communities' where scientific knowledge was being produced.
After a full day of presentations and discussion, Tai Chi in the foyer.
This entry was posted in Interventions and tagged Health, Manchester on March 6, 2014 by citiesmcr.
Collectivities matter: The 'hidden' geographies of urban energy deprivation
Professor Stefan Bouzarovski, Professor of Geography and Director of the Centre for Urban Resilience and Energy, University of Manchester, writes about his research based on his on-going work on energy vulnerability and urban transitions …
In the UK, the onset of winter regularly stokes public concerns about the social impacts of rising energy prices. Reports about the predicament of 'fuel poverty' – often described as a condition where households are unable to achieve adequate levels of energy services in the home – abound in the media and political debates. The extent to which the government needs to intervene in the market so as to lower energy prices has become a major talking point, and a bone of contention among political parties, utilities, and the government. Similar dynamics can be observed in other European countries – high electricity prices, for instance, recently became a key electoral issue in Germany; and widespread popular unrest over austerity and energy bills was one of the main reasons why the Bulgarian government was forced to resign in 2012.
Storage of fuelwood for heating in an apartment building. Kyustendil, Bulgaria. Photo by Stefan Bouzarovski
The relationship between energy affordability and poverty is complex and contingent, involving multiple factors related to the energy efficiency of the home, everyday fuel consumption practices, residential occupancy patterns, as well as broader dynamics of power and recognition (Bouzarovski 2013). Yet many public discussions and media discourses collapse the issue to a limited set of state policies at the energy price-utility regulation nexus. The archetypal image that accompanies this reductionism is one of a pensioner sitting in front of a poorly functioning gas fire or electric heater. This is often contrasted with representations of wind farms or solar panels, whose allegedly high costs are pushing increasing numbers of people into fuel poverty.
In part, the prominence of pensioners and older people in media discourses on fuel poverty can be attributed to the political agency of this group, and the severe fuel-related hardship that many of its members face – a reality uncovered by a significant body of academic research (Wright 2004). However, the prioritization of older people over other groups in society has led to the marginalization of other households and individuals who are vulnerable due to their demographic, economic or residential circumstances. Further exacerbating the situation is the normative emphasis on private home tenure in many fuel poverty amelioration policies. The requirements of the UK's Green Deal, for example, are intimately tied with property ownership, which means that this policy is generally outside the reach of households in the leasehold, private rented or social housing sectors. The main French fuel poverty policy (Habiter mieux) has likewise chosen to focus on homeowners living in rural areas, thus resulting in an approach that favours older people over other groups (Dubois 2012). As a whole, therefore, the current state of affairs confirms the argument made by a number of academics: that how and where fuel poverty is addressed by the strongly depends on the interrelation between dynamics of procedure and recognition (Walker and Day 2012). This is counter to earlier understandings that emphasize the distributional aspect of the issue (Boardman 1991).
The disadvantaged position of private rented and younger or more transient populations within current fuel poverty policy is further exacerbated by the regulatory and pricing mechanisms associated with the ongoing transition to a low-carbon economy. This emergent policy regime entails the re-allocation of environmental externalities away from fiscal systems onto final consumption, accompanied by a broader shift from income redistribution toward environmental taxation. Its consequences are particularly felt by fuel poor households, who may be subjected to, inter alia, increased prices for energy – either because companies indirectly pass the cost of 'carbon taxes' to the final bill, or due to direct levies on energy service-paying customers. In many European countries, such processes primarily affect households who use electricity for heating, as this fuel is seen as the best medium for passing on the cost of broader energy and low carbon policies onto the final consumer.
High rates of household electricity use, however, are disproportionately present in cities, as is non-private housing ownership. This means that the emergence of new energy-related forms of deprivation and inequality is inextricably tied to the planning practices and spatial morphologies that define urban areas. But the lack of adequate policy to address such difficulties is supplemented by an almost complete absence of research on the topic. It remains unclear, for example, how the socio-spatial patterns created by the lack of adequate energy services in the home – and the broader inability to access infrastructural networks – map onto existing geographies of segregation. The agency of built forms is of particular importance in this context, as an additional determining factor to conventional poverty-inducing dynamics (such as incomes and prices). Also unclear is the manner in which the background context of 'austerity urbanism' is influencing dynamics of domestic energy deprivation, both via the exacerbation and deepening of existing inequalities, and by 'residualizing' and moving the responsibility for the delivery of fuel poverty policy away from conventional support structures.
It should also be noted that the city of today is a site of far-reaching demographic and cultural change. This involves new forms of friendship, kinship and community affiliation under the influence of processes such as the 'second demographic transition' (de Kaa 1987). How one conceptualizes and practices collectivity in the built environment of city thus becomes paramount; this is both because new forms of inequality are closely linked to communal forms of residence (houses in multiple occupation, apartment buildings), and due to the opportunities for alternative practices of sustainable living offered by innovative joint housing arrangements.
The 'hidden' geographies of deprivation that arise at the interface of energy use, collective living and urban formations are one of the main research themes of the newly formed Centre for Urban Energy and Resilience at the University of Manchester. We intend to break new academic and policy ground in addressing the numerous unknowns that exist in this research domain. During the past week, for example, we organized a stakeholder roundtable on energy efficiency, fuel poverty and houses in multiple occupancy in London, and a workshop on energy vulnerability in European cities in Brussels. Watch this space!
Boardman, B. 1991. Fuel Poverty: From Cold Homes to Affordable Warmth. London: Bellhaven.
Bouzarovski, S. 2013. Energy poverty in the European Union: landscapes of vulnerability. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/wene.89/abstract.
Dubois, U. 2012. From targeting to implementation: The role of identification of fuel poor households. Energy Policy 49: 107–115.
De Kaa, D. van. 1987. Europe's second demographic transition. Population Bulletin 42: 1.
Walker, G. and Day, R. 2012. Fuel poverty as injustice: Integrating distribution, recognition and procedure in the struggle for affordable warmth. Energy Policy 49: 69–75.
Wright, F. 2004. Old and cold: older people and policies failing to address fuel poverty. Social Policy & Administration 38: 488–503.
This entry was posted in Interventions and tagged Built Environment, Climate Change, Energy, Health on March 3, 2014 by citiesmcr.


One of the many benefits of living in our small corner of the world is the beautiful scenery and wildlife. "Bob the Seal" is still hanging around just south of Emma Schmitz Memorial Park and I just spied this Kingfisher perched on my neighbors roof. He flew away right when I began to open my window for a clearer shot.


text:
using AM.Json;
using AM.Runtime;
using AM.Xml;

using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;

using JetBrains.Annotations;

using ManagedIrbis;
using ManagedIrbis.Fields;

namespace UnitTests.ManagedIrbis.Fields
{
    [TestClass]
    public class CodesInfoTest
        : Common.CommonUnitTest
    {
        [NotNull]
        private CodesInfo _GetCodes()
        {
            return new CodesInfo
            {
                DocumentType = "a",
                DocumentKind = "05",
                DocumentCharacter1 = "454",
                DocumentCharacter2 = "19",
                PurposeCode1 = "m",
                PurposeCode2 = "e"
            };
        }

        [NotNull]
        private RecordField _GetField()
        {
            return new RecordField(CodesInfo.Tag, "^Ta^B05^C454^219^Xm^Ye");
        }

        private void _Compare
            (
                [NotNull] CodesInfo first,
                [NotNull] CodesInfo second
            )
        {
            Assert.AreEqual(first.DocumentType, second.DocumentType);
            Assert.AreEqual(first.DocumentKind, second.DocumentKind);
            Assert.AreEqual(first.DocumentCharacter1, second.DocumentCharacter1);
            Assert.AreEqual(first.DocumentCharacter2, second.DocumentCharacter2);
            Assert.AreEqual(first.DocumentCharacter3, second.DocumentCharacter3);
            Assert.AreEqual(first.DocumentCharacter4, second.DocumentCharacter4);
            Assert.AreEqual(first.DocumentCharacter5, second.DocumentCharacter5);
            Assert.AreEqual(first.DocumentCharacter6, second.DocumentCharacter6);
            Assert.AreEqual(first.PurposeCode1, second.PurposeCode1);
            Assert.AreEqual(first.PurposeCode2, second.PurposeCode2);
            Assert.AreEqual(first.PurposeCode3, second.PurposeCode3);
            Assert.AreEqual(first.AgeRestrictions, second.AgeRestrictions);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void CodesInfo_Constructor_1()
        {
            CodesInfo codes = new CodesInfo();
            Assert.IsNull(codes.DocumentType);
            Assert.IsNull(codes.DocumentKind);
            Assert.IsNull(codes.DocumentCharacter1);
            Assert.IsNull(codes.DocumentCharacter2);
            Assert.IsNull(codes.DocumentCharacter3);
            Assert.IsNull(codes.DocumentCharacter4);
            Assert.IsNull(codes.DocumentCharacter5);
            Assert.IsNull(codes.DocumentCharacter6);
            Assert.IsNull(codes.PurposeCode1);
            Assert.IsNull(codes.PurposeCode2);
            Assert.IsNull(codes.PurposeCode3);
            Assert.IsNull(codes.AgeRestrictions);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void CodesInfo_Parse_1()
        {
            RecordField field = _GetField();
            CodesInfo actual = CodesInfo.Parse(field);
            CodesInfo expected = _GetCodes();
            _Compare(expected, actual);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void CodesInfo_ToField_1()
        {
            CodesInfo codes = _GetCodes();
            RecordField actual = codes.ToField();
            RecordField expected = _GetField();
            CompareFields(expected, actual);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void CodesInfo_ApplyToField_1()
        {
            RecordField actual = new RecordField()
                .AddSubField('t', "o")
                .AddSubField('b', "03")
                .AddSubField('c', "111")
                .AddSubField('2', "91")
                .AddSubField('x', "l")
                .AddSubField('y', "a");
            CodesInfo codes = _GetCodes();
            codes.ApplyToField(actual);
            RecordField expected = _GetField();
            CompareFields(expected, actual);
        }

        private void _TestSerialization
            (
                [NotNull] CodesInfo first
            )
        {
            byte[] bytes = first.SaveToMemory();
            CodesInfo second = bytes.RestoreObjectFromMemory<CodesInfo>();
            _Compare(first, second);
            Assert.IsNull(second.Field);
            Assert.IsNull(second.UserData);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void CodesInfo_Serialization_1()
        {
            CodesInfo codes = new CodesInfo();
            _TestSerialization(codes);

            codes = _GetCodes();
            codes.Field = new RecordField();
            codes.UserData = "User data";
            _TestSerialization(codes);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void CodesInfo_Verify_1()
        {
            CodesInfo codes = new CodesInfo();
            Assert.IsFalse(codes.Verify(false));

            codes = _GetCodes();
            Assert.IsTrue(codes.Verify(false));
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void CodesInfo_ToXml_1()
        {
            CodesInfo codes = new CodesInfo();
            Assert.AreEqual("<codes />", XmlUtility.SerializeShort(codes));

            codes = _GetCodes();
            Assert.AreEqual("<codes type=\"a\" kind=\"05\" character1=\"454\" character2=\"19\" purpose1=\"m\" purpose2=\"e\" />", XmlUtility.SerializeShort(codes));
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void CodesInfo_ToJson_1()
        {
            CodesInfo codes = new CodesInfo();
            Assert.AreEqual("{}", JsonUtility.SerializeShort(codes));

            codes = _GetCodes();
            Assert.AreEqual("{'type':'a','kind':'05','character1':'454','character2':'19','purpose1':'m','purpose2':'e'}", JsonUtility.SerializeShort(codes));
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void CodesInfo_ToString_1()
        {
            CodesInfo codes = new CodesInfo();
            Assert.AreEqual("DocumentType: (null), DocumentKind: (null), DocumentCharacter1: (null)", codes.ToString());

            codes = _GetCodes();
            Assert.AreEqual("DocumentType: a, DocumentKind: 05, DocumentCharacter1: 454", codes.ToString());
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Home > Mix CD-Rs	> Any Major Cole Porter Vol. 2
Any Major Cole Porter Vol. 2
September 24th, 2020 Leave a comment Go to comments
Rarely will you hear a vocal performances that merits a good flogging (not literally, of course. We are not savages). I'm not talking about bad warbling to a bad song. I mean singers who have the talent to sing a good song well but deliver a performance of such monumental abomination that the only reasonable punishment would be the metaphorical violence.
I am talking the territory of Michael F. Bolton murdering soul music and then molesting opera territory (though since he appeared on John Oliver's show I have softened a little on Bolton). But the man I would be leading to the flogging post personally is our old friend Bono. What is Bono's offence? His part in the duet with Frank Sinatra of I've Got You Under My Skin, recorded for the mostly deplorable Duets album in 1993.
Rarely has there been as risible a performance as when our smug friend revealed the full range of his jackassery by croaking his part in tandem with Sinatra and then proceeding to assault the big band break with an aggressively tuneless falsetto. In his delusional mind, Bono doubtless imagined he was improving on a perfectly good instrumental arrangement with what he might describe as harmonies, but which we readily recognise to be a wretched effort at attention-seeking.
Of course, the blame for this is not Bono's alone. Bono tried his luck, as any one of us might in his position. Bono was just like the fools who stick out their tongue or make goofy handsigns when they take selfies with celebrities. The Duets producer ought to have told Bono, politely but firmly, as you would indulge an overacting child: "That was all very interesting, Bono, and I'll see how we can use that in the final mix. But no promises, all right champ?" And yet, Bono's disharmonies made it into the final mix. It is too late now to ask Phil Ramone or Sinatra for an explanation to shed light on what possessed them to submit to the kind of vocal stylings of the sort you or I could do better while driving in the car or crooning drunkenly in the shower, for both men are now dead.
The scene of the crime.
The stupid singing is enough to convict Bono in the Supreme Court of Music. But a merciful judge might take pity on the fool in the way that witlessness is sometimes applied as an extenuating circumstance. What makes the severest sentence absolutely inevitable, however, is one of the most egregious instances of an egomaniac singer changing the words which the writer, in this instance Cole Porter, so carefully chose in his endeavour to convey the song's full meaning. Bono croakingly croons:
"Don't you know, Blue Eyes, you never can win…"
Bono had form with this kind of stuff. At Live Aid, held on a hot mid-summer day in July 1985, he ad-libbed during the Do They Know It's Christmas finale the insane words: "Do they know that springtime is coming?" Yes, the Ethiopians did. Even extreme hunger could not rob them of the necessary ability to tell apart the seasons. "Springtime is coming" nine months from July, though. It is an extravagant prediction to make when spring is still to be preceded by the end of summer, and the full duration of autumn and winter.
Bono had sung this spontaneous ad-lib at every U2 concert throughout early 1985. By July, singing these words presumably was the unconscious reflex of an unthinking mind. There is no such excuse, however, for "Don't you know, Blue Eyes, you never can win…"
Changing the lyrics to address a third party — in this case "Blue Eyes" — doesn't make any sense in the song. In that line the singer is referring to himself, not to somebody else. The words for I've Got You Under My Skin are not Bono's lyrics. They are Mr Porter's lyrics. Even if he has been dead for a long time, Bono had no licence to turn his carefully crafted lyric into ingratiating doggerel, unless his intent was to satirise them in the manner the comedian Richard Cheese did with the U2 song Sunday Bloody Sunday ("Tonight we fiesta while tomorrow they die"). Was Bono trying to be a funny guy when he was singing with Frank Sinatra?
Moreover, I doubt that Sinatra was called Ole Blue Eyes by anybody else but the press and those entertaining the illusion of his friendship (he also hated being called the "Chairman of the Board").
Frank Sinatra tenses up as a man with an earring hugs him at the 1994 Grammys.
And all this leads us to a mix of covers of Cole Porter songs. The first Cole Porter Collection comprised performances from the black-and-white era of music; this one covers the technicolour era, with tracks ranging from the 1970s to the present. Some of them go for Nelson Riddlesque arrangements, other reinvent Porter songs in more modern genres.
As always: CD-R length, covers included, PW in comments.
1. John Barrowman & Kevin Kline – Night And Day (2004)
2. Barbra Streisand & Ryan O'Neal – You're The Top (1972)
3. Bobby Caldwell – I Get A Kick Out Of You (1993)
4. Conal Fowkes – Let"s Do It (Let's Fall In Love) (2011)
5. Tony Bennett & Lady Gaga – Anything Goes (2014)
6. Bryan Ferry – You Do Something To Me (1999)
7. Dionne Warwick – I Love Paris (1990)
8. Grady Tate – Don't Fence Me In (1974)
9. Jane Birkin – Love For Sale (1975)
10. Alex Chilton – All Of You (1993)
11. Lisa Stansfield – Down In The Depths (1990)
12. Freda Payne – You'd Be So Nice To Come Home To (2014)
13. Helen Reddy – Blow, Gabriel Blow (1998)
14. Claire Martin – Too Darn Hot (2004)
15. Cybill Shepherd – Let's Misbehave (1974)
16. Dianne Reeves – I Concentrate On You (2003)
17. Simply Red – Ev'ry Time We Say Goodbye (1987)
18. Robbie Williams – It's De-Lovely (2004)
19. Rosemary Clooney – Get Out Of Town (1982)
20. Linda Ronstadt – Miss Otis Regrets (2004)
21. Carly Simon – In The Still Of The Night (2005)
22. George Harrison – True Love (1976)
23. Seether – I've Got You Under My Skin (2009)
GET IT! or HERE!
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Categories: Mix CD-Rs	Tags:
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Ernie (Not Bert)
September 24th, 2020 at 12:57	| #1
All that, and you don't even throw it in as a bonus track? Just a sort of punishment because we encouraged this sort of thing back in the 90's?
I enjoyed reading this
Hey-ItsMike
Well said and well curated. Bono is exasperating when he indulges himself this way. He's clearly an unabashed fan of Sinatra, and should have known better.
@Hey-ItsMike
Incidentally, four days ago, Sept 25th, was the 30th anniversary of the Red Hot & Blue charity CD that had then-current pop stars (including U2) covering Cole Porter songs to raise money for fighting AIDS. It was my first real exposure to Cole Porter's life and work. I still love some of the versions on that collection, though others have aged less well. What do you think?
halfhearteddude
How's that for timing? Total coincidence, though if Time magazine should ask, I'll tell them it was all planned. "Red Hot + Blue" was really a mixed bag (much as the "De-Lovely" soundtrack). But it introduced people to Cole Porter, raised awareness about HIV/Aids, and it was really creative — even if some of the creativity isn't my jam. I should like Iggy Pop & Blondie's "Did You Evah", but I can't stand it. Whereas I like Neneh Cherry's "I've Got You Under My Skin" (maybe because it sounds nothing like it. Plus the video was pretty hit, I seem to recall). I love Aaron Neville's "In The Still Of The Night", and (obviously) Lisa Stansfield's "Down In The Depths". kd lang's interpretation of "So In Love" probably annoys me the most: what is a joyous song sounds like an elegy.
But that album is so iconic, I used only one track from it on this mix.Any more would have been lazy.
In Memoriam – September 2020 Any Major ABC of Soul

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Llano County, TX
6.4% growth
In 2017, Llano County, TX had a population of 20.2k people with a median age of 57.1 and a median household income of $50,524. Between 2016 and 2017 the population of Llano County, TX grew from 19,624 to 20,195, a 2.91% increase and its median household income grew from $48,562 to $50,524, a 4.04% increase.
The population of Llano County, TX is 87.1% White Alone, 9.82% Hispanic or Latino, and 1.8% Two or More Races. N/A% of the people in Llano County, TX speak a non-English language, and 97.8% are U.S. citizens.
The median property value in Llano County, TX is $184,500, and the homeownership rate is 76.6%. Most people in Llano County, TX commute by Drove Alone, and the average commute time is 22.1 minutes. The average car ownership in Llano County, TX is 2 cars per household.
Llano County, TX borders Burnet County, TX, Gillespie County, TX, Blanco County, TX, San Saba County, TX, and Mason County, TX.
Photo by Jeffrey W. Spencer
United StatesTexas
The economy of Llano County, TX employs 7.66k people. The largest industries in Llano County, TX are Construction (1,065 people), Health Care & Social Assistance (759 people), and Retail Trade (748 people), and the highest paying industries are Utilities ($65,536), Finance & Insurance ($64,167), and Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($59,978).
Median household income in Llano County, TX is $50,524. Males in Llano County, TX have an average income that is 1.41 times higher than the average income of females, which is $45,959. The income inequality in Llano County, TX (measured using the Gini index) is 0.482, which is higher than than the national average.
± 11.3%
Households in Llano County, TX have a median annual income of $50,524, which is less than the median annual income of $61,937 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $48,562 in 2016, which represents a 4.04% annual growth.
Look at the chart to see how the median household income in Llano County, TX compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.
The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for Texas.
± $716
In 2017, full-time male employees in Texas made 1.41 times more than female employees.
This chart shows the gender-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in Texas by number of full-time employees.
$52,072 ± $505
In 2017 the highest paid race/ethnicity of Texas workers was Asian. These workers were paid 1.25 times more than White workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity.
This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in Texas by number of full-time employees.
The closest comparable wage GINI for Llano County, TX is from Texas.
In 2017, the income inequality in Texas was 0.482 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.139% growth from 2016 to 2017, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even.
The 2017 the GINI for Texas was higher than than the national average of 0.479. In other words, wages are distributed less evenly in Texas in comparison to the national average.
This chart shows the number of workers in Texas across various wage buckets compared to the national average.
TotalWhiteOtherTwo Or MoreWhite Non-HispanicHispanic
Census Tract 9704
In 2017, the tract with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Llano County, TX was Census Tract 9704 with a value of $98,807, followed by Census Tract 9703 and Census Tract 9701, with respective values of $63,092 and $52,857.
The following map shows all of the tracts in Llano County, TX colored by their Median Household Income (Total).
Females 75+
12.5% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Llano County, TX (2.5k out of 20k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is lower than the national average of 13.1%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 75+, followed by Males 55 - 64 and then Females 55 - 64.
The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Llano County, TX is White, followed by Hispanic and Two Or More.
± 11%
From 2016 to 2017, employment in Llano County, TX grew at a rate of 6.4%, from 7.2k employees to 7.66k employees.
The most common job groups, by number of people living in Llano County, TX, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (1,124 people), Management Occupations (862 people), and Sales & Related Occupations (814 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Llano County, TX.
The most common jobs held by residents of Llano County, TX, by number of employees, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (1,124 people), Management Occupations (862 people), and Sales & Related Occupations (814 people).
Compared to other counties, Llano County, TX has an unusually high number of residents working as Law Enforcement Workers Including Supervisors (1.99 times higher than expected), Construction & Extraction Occupations (1.98 times), and Legal Occupations (1.52 times).
The highest paid jobs held by residents of Llano County, TX, by median earnings, are Computer & Mathematical Occupations ($81,250), Computer, Engineering, & Science Occupations ($74,911), and Legal Occupations ($72,024).
The most common employment sectors for those who live in Llano County, TX, are Construction (1,065 people), Health Care & Social Assistance (759 people), and Retail Trade (748 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Llano County, TX, though some of these residents may live in Llano County, TX and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.
The most common industries in Llano County, TX, by number of employees, are Construction (1,065 people), Health Care & Social Assistance (759 people), and Retail Trade (748 people).
Compared to other counties, Llano County, TX has an unusually high number of Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction (3.24 times higher than expected), Construction (2.22 times), and Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting (2.06 times) industries.
The highest paying industries in Llano County, TX, by median earnings, are Utilities ($65,536), Finance & Insurance ($64,167), and Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($59,978).
Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Texas to other states, or from other states to Texas.
In 2015, the top outbound Texas product (by dollars) was Fuel oils with $290B, followed by Gasoline ($217B) and Mixed freight ($175B).
The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Texas products.
Showing data for Texas state.
$2.15T
$2.8T
In 2020, total outbound Texas trade was $2.15T. This is expected to increase 30.2% to $2.8T by 2045.
The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Texas trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.
Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Texas to other states, or from other states to Texas.
In 2015, the top outbound Texas domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Louisiana with $97.1B, followed by Oklahoma with $59.6B and California and $38.4B.
The following map shows the amount of trade that Texas shares with each state (excluding itself).
83.1% of the population of Llano County, TX has health coverage, with 26.8% on employee plans, 11.5% on Medicaid, 24% on Medicare, 17.3% on non-group plans, and 3.47% on military or VA plans.
Per capita personal health care spending in the county of Llano County, TX was $6,998 in 2014. This is a 5.06% increase from the previous year ($6,661).
Primary care physicians in Llano County, TX see 1523 patients per year on average, which represents a 17.1% increase from the previous year (1301 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1851 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 2262 patients per year.
Comparing across all counties in the state, Cass County has the highest prevalence of diabetes (14.5%). Additionally, Angelina County has the highest prevalence of adult obesity (39.6%)
Primary care physicians in Llano County, TX see an average of 1,523 patients per year. This represents a 17.1% increase from the previous year (1,301 patients).
The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Llano County, TX in comparison to neighboring states.
Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Texas.
Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in Texas (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 5.06%, from $6,661 to $6,998.
Between 2016 and 2017, the percent of uninsured citizens in Llano County, TX declined by 5.17% from 17.8% to 16.9%.
The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Llano County, TX changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.
Cass County has the highest prevalence of diabetes in Texas, at 14.5%.
The following map shows the prevalence of diabetes in Texas by county over multiple years.
Llano County, TX is home to a population of 20.2k people, from which 97.8% are citizens. As of 2017, 3.72% of Llano County, TX residents were born outside of the country (752 people).
The ethnic composition of the population of Llano County, TX is composed of 17.6k White Alone residents (87.1%), 1.98k Hispanic or Latino residents (9.82%), 363 Two or More Races residents (1.8%), 150 Black or African American Alone residents (0.743%), 77 Asian Alone residents (0.381%), 28 American Indian & Alaska Native Alone residents (0.139%), 1 Some Other Race Alone residents (0.00495%), and 0 Native Hawaiian & Other Pacific Islander Alone residents (0%).
In 2017, the median age of all people in Llano County, TX was 57.1. Native-born citizens, with a median age of 57, were generally older than than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 51. But people in Llano County, TX are getting getting older. In 2016, the average age of all Llano County, TX residents was 56.
As of 2017, 3.72% of Llano County, TX residents (752 people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.7%. In 2016, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Llano County, TX was 3.24%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.
The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Llano County, TX compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.
2,547,886 ± 37,324 people
231,271 ± 11,757 people
In 2017, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Texas was Mexico, the natal country of 2,547,886 Texas residents, followed by India with 231,271 and El Salvador with 200,904.
As of 2017, 97.8% of Llano County, TX residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.2%. In 2016, the percentage of US citizens in Llano County, TX was 98%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.
The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Llano County, TX compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.
17.6k ± 4
1.98k ± 386
In 2017, there were 8.87 times more White Alone residents (17.6k people) in Llano County, TX than any other race or ethnicity. There were 1.98k Hispanic or Latino and 363 Two or More Races residents, the second and third most common racial or ethnic groups.
The following bar chart shows the 8 races and ethnicities represented in Llano County, TX as a share of the total population.
Llano County, TX has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 3.27 times greater than any other conflict.
The median property value in Llano County, TX was $184,500 in 2017, which is 0.803 times smaller than the national average of $229,700. Between 2016 and 2017 the median property value increased from $169,200 to $184,500, a 9.04% increase. The homeownership rate in Llano County, TX is 76.6%, which is higher than the national average of 63.9%. People in Llano County, TX have an average commute time of 22.1 minutes, and they commute by Drove Alone. Car ownership in Llano County, TX is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.
In 2017, the median property value in Llano County, TX grew to to $184,500 from the previous year's value of $169,200.
The following charts display, first, the property values in Llano County, TX compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Llano County, TX the largest share of households have a property value in the $300k - $400k range.
In 2017, the median household income of the 8.68k households in Llano County, TX grew to $50,524 from the previous year's value of $48,562.
The following chart displays the households in Llano County, TX distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.
This chart shows the households in Llano County, TX distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Llano County, TX the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.
In 2017, 76.6% of the housing units in Llano County, TX were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 76.2%.
This percentage of owner-occupation is higher than the national average of 63.9%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in Llano County, TX compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.
Using averages, employees in Llano County, TX have a shorter commute time (22.1 minutes) than the normal US worker (25.1 minutes). Additionally, 3.64% of the workforce in Llano County, TX have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.
The chart below shows how the median household income in Llano County, TX compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.
In 2017, the most common method of travel for workers in Llano County, TX was Drove Alone (72.1%), followed by those who Carpooled (15%) and those who Worked At Home (9.37%).
The following chart displays the households in Llano County, TX distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Llano County, TX have 2 cars, followed by 3 cars.
Burnet County, TX
Gillespie County, TX
Blanco County, TX
San Saba County, TX


Listen live to Latics' first away league game of the season.
Latics make their first Sky Bet Championship away trip of the season on Saturday 16 August, kick off 3.00pm as they face Charlton Athletic at the Valley, and if you can't make it to the game, then you can keep updated on wiganathletic.com and Latics Player!
Tickets are still available for the game at the Valley. For full price details [click here].
Latics Player gets you closest to the game with uninterrupted live match commentary from kick off, as Ashley Houghton and former Latics captain Neill Rimmer broadcast from the ground.
Sign up to Player now by [clicking here], if you choose the annual option you will receive one month free! - As well as live commentary from every Latics first team game, we'll bring you extended highlights, Under 18s and Development Squad highlights and the latest interviews and features from inside the club.
Our all new 'live photo' feature brings the game closer to you than ever before on the wall, as we receive the action as it happens from our photographer. We tested the feature for the first game of the Sky Bet Championship season against Reading at the DW Stadium. For an example [click here] to visit our slideshow on the wall.
On Twitter with @LaticsOfficial we provide regular updates, plus goals and major incidents and you can also get involved on Facebook and Instagram as our online presence continues to expand.
Get ready for the game with more content from wiganathletic.com below.
You can listen back to Latics Player commentary highlights from the opening game of the season against Reading below.


Let's Welcome our latest Intern (On the Job Trainee) Liezel Mae S. Corpuz from University of Southern Mindanao Kabacan, North Cotabato – Class of September, 2016.
In your significant other, what would you prefer; Beauty or Brains? Brain, to earn money.
What would you like to learn or experience at OSOmnimedia? I like to learn more in photoshop, excel, web design, program and more related to my course to use it to my future job.


The University of Oklahoma the Master of Education in Educational Administration, Curriculum and Supervision (EACS) is offered as a blended online cohort program. Coursework is delivered over two academic years, with primary content delivered Online coupled with real time classes meeting one Saturday per month over the two year period.
The cohort will commence fall semester, 2014. The deadline for submission of application materials is April 15, 2015.
Regular admission to the Graduate College of The University of Oklahoma requires a baccalaureate degree in education or equivalent area from an accredited institution and a grade point average of 3.0 or higher on the last 60 hours of undergraduate coursework. Check Graduate College information.
Elective courses will be delivered through the cohort program. Students may opt to take elective courses outside the cohort. Non-EACS elective courses taken outside the cohort require faculty advisor approval.
Blended Online M.Ed. 2015 Cohort Description.
The Educational Administration Curriculum and Supervision Admissions information is available at This link provides the admission criteria information that you will need to complete and submit as an applicant whereas you will upload the material when you are completing the online application.


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The Music of Puerto Rico with Cultura Plenara (Community Concerts at the Chrysalis)
Chrysalis, Merriweather Park at Symphony Woods 10475 Little Patuxent Parkway Columbia, MD, 21044 United States (map)
Doors at 4:00 p.m., show at 5:00 p.m.
Join the Maryland Traditions Heritage Award-winning Cultura Plenara for Music of Puerto Rico, a part of the FREE Community Concerts at the Chrysalis!
Cultura Plenera is a non-profit organization dedicated to community building in Maryland, Washington, D.C., and Virginia areas through the traditional Puerto Rican musical styles of Bomba and Plena. Bomba is a Puerto Rican musical genre that dates back more than 300 years, has heavy African influences, and expresses the sentiments of Puerto Ricans and their culture through barrel drums, maraca, cúa, singer and dancers. Plena is another Puerto Rican musical genre, which dates back more than 100 years, and also narrates stories of the Puerto Rican experience through hand drums, güiro, and singers. Both Bomba y Plena are central to life in Puerto Rican communities inside and outside of the island.
Cultura Plenera is home to Los Hijo 'e Plena, a Bomba and Plenaperformance ensemble that offer educational and musical programming intended to nurture audiences with both small and informal performances, and main stage productions. Cultura Plenera also offers opportunities for community building in Cultura Plenera-hosted events such as our Bomba y Plena en el Parque series and our yearly Fiesta Boricua. Our mission has been to strengthen our communities by promoting awareness of Puerto Rico's contribution to the universal musical tapestry through quality educational presentations and authentic Bomba and Plena performances.
Source:: https://www.eventbrite.com/e/the-music-of-puerto-rico-with-cultura-plenara-community-concerts-at-the-chrysalis-tickets-63785043783
Chrysalis Kids: Beat Bugs A Musical Adventure
Chrysalis Cabaret: An Evening With the Columbia Jazz Band


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The New York leg of Bottega Veneta's U.S. customization trip touches down today through Sunday, during which time representatives will work with select (lucky) clients to create bespoke bags under the theme, "When Your Own Initials Are Enough".
The extremely exclusive event will bring together clients and ateliers from company headquarters in Vicente, Italy for one-on-one meetings to essentially design their own Bottega Veneta piece. (Sidebar: Essentially, this is the stuff of dreams for the majority of New Yorkers.) According to WWD, customers are presented with swatches and skins from which to choose and the sky's the limit from an $800 wallet to the biggest ticket item, an $80,000 bag -- for those whose own initials are very important, we imagine -- with opulence so great it caused a woman carrying $20K on her arm to gulp Champagne before taking the plunge. Each creation takes between three to six months to make.
That quirky outcome of the bad economy has turned out to be growth in the veyr top of the luxury goods sector, a trend Bottega Veneta reps confirmed with the customization initiative and increased sales in bespoke products from bags to furniture.


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sparc cybertech pvt ltd careers
With offices across India. During the period 1971-2016, lived for at least five years, either consecutively or in total, in San Francisco census tracts where at least 17% of the households had incomes at or below the federal poverty level, as determined by the Director. Learn about corporate citizenship; Live Well. Khanamet, Serilingampally,Madhapur, Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana. Sparc employees enjoy competitive pay, health and retirement benefits. Get Personalised Job Recommendations. Find out how you can help us advance education, protect the planet, and strengthen communities. Please enter below for verification. The company currently has a paid up capital of INR 27.50 lac. 318, Road No.1,Sri Swamy Ayyappa Society, Khanamet, Serilingampally,Madhapur Hyderabad Hyderabad - 500081 Telangana - India. For business and industry related insights, twice in a month. Sparc Cybertech Private Limited is an unlisted private company. Need any help? It is classified as a private limited company. It was formed in year 2005 in Maharashtra . The registered office of Sparc Cybertech Private Limited is at Plot No. In total, the company is connected to 19 other companies through its directors. The company currently has a paid up capital of INR 27.50 lac. The company currently has a paid up capital of INR 27.38 lac. Intimation to Shareholders Click here. It is classified as Non-govt company and is registered at Registrar of Companies, Hyderabad. All generalist activitiesEnd to end recruitment, screening candidates and interviewing, Salary negotiation, Rolling offer letter to candidates, Reporting, Tracker maintaining, Verification of documents.Proficiency in WARNING: Products sold here can expose you to chemicals including Δ9-THC, heavy metals like lead, and marijuana smoke which are known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. It was incorporated on 09 April, 2008 and is located in Hyderabad, Telangana. For the right candidate, Sparc engineering apprenticeships are available at Intermediate, Advanced and Higher (degree) level. New to the medical cannabis community? Take your career to the next level with world-class learning opportunities. It was formed in year 2002 in Maharashtra . Find & Contact Rohit-HR Executive in Sparc Cybertech Pvt Ltd on Naukri.com. FreshersWorld.com (A TeamLease Company) is the No.1 Jobsite for Freshers in India with over 1.5+ Crore resumes and 60K+ recruiters hiring through us. Recruitment made perfect with Multi | Career. What's more? Haight: (415) 805-1085 (10am - 6pm) Report has been successfully added to cart. We have sent OTP to your registered Mobile number. Want a job in medical cannabis but not just any job? Send your CV and a brief description of what your interests are to careers@sparc-systems.co.uk, Sparc House Looking for an apprenticeship? Looking for a professional organization who prides itself in helping the community and building and working with a great team? The Corporate Identification Number (CIN) of Sparc Cybertech Private Limited is U72900TG2008PTC058606. we help companies of all sizes find the talent they need on a contract, contract-to-hire and permanent basis. Get daily job alert, placement paper and GK updates every day on your email. Tofler makes no claim of ownership or affiliation with any trademark (REGISTERED OR UNREGISTERED) that forms part of any Company/LLP name listed on this page. Whether Covid-19 has pushed us into future and what businesses can do about it? FreshersWorld.com (A TeamLease Company) the only website for applying to Govt Jobs and top MNC Jobs all over India. The company currently has a paid up capital of INR 27.68 lac. 2,750,000. Sun Pharma Advanced Research Company Ltd. All rights reserved. The company currently has a paid up capital of INR 27.50 lac. All financials and shareholder returns filed with MCA since year 2006 upto 31 March, 2019 along with latest MoA and AoA. Register Now to benefit from our unlimited fresher focused services! 318, Road No.1,Sri Swamy Ayyappa Society, The Love Shack: (415) 604-3668 (12pm - 5pm), Santa Rosa: (707) 843-3227 (9am - 9pm) Phoenix Cybertech has been at the helm of providing quality transcription and is one of the few companies which has been stable and steadily growing in the transcription industry over the past decade. No spam. Sigatapu Veeralakshmana Vardhan has the largest number of other directorships with a seat at a total of 15 companies. Prepare an up-to-date resume and a cover letter that speaks to SPARC's needs and the specific position that you are applying for. It was formed in year 2001 in Karnataka . The last reported AGM (Annual General Meeting) of Sparc Cybertech Private Limited, per our records, was held on 30 September, 2019. Contact careers@sparc-systems.co.uk if you would like to … It was incorporated on 09 April, 2008 and is located in Hyderabad, Telangana. Read More. Our growing development team consists primarily of computer scientists and molecular biologists who have been cross trained. It was formed in year 2009 in Gujarat . 318, Road No.1,Sri Swamy Ayyappa Society,Khanamet, Serilingampally,MadhapurHyderabadHyderabad - 500081Telangana - India. All Rights Reserved. Worcestershire 2. Apply to Top MNC Jobs / Government jobs by registering now! Know more about the businesses you deal with. Sebastopol: (707) 823-4206 (10am - 6pm). How SME retailers can revive and thrive in the post lockdown world. All Rights Reserved. The most recently appointed directors are Alekhya Sigatapu and Pilly Shilpa, who were appointed on 02 January, 2017. Bandla has 5 jobs listed on their profile. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov. Be part of a team who supports you, take part in shaping the movement and have fun doing it! A Communication is being issued for all the shareholders of the Company urging them to update / register their email ids, Permanent Account Number (PAN) and Bank mandates with the Company through its Registrar & Transfer Agent M/s Link Intime India Private Limited / their respective Depository Participant, as applicable. Link Intime India Pvt. It was formed in year 2006 in Telangana . Grooming and investing in our greatest asset – our employees, it is essential for us to engage our employees by involving them in challenging assignments, evaluating them objectively with an aim to upgrade and up-skill, thus successfully helping them to climb the career ladder. All trademarks, service marks, trade names and logos appearing on the site are the property of their respective owners. Sparc Careers. An easy-to-read PDF report on the company that includes five year financial information, ratio analysis, management, group structure, shareholding pattern and more. Hanley Road Apply for an open position and learn how we do things differently! We need team-oriented professionals to help us support members and be the example for the medical cannabis community. Sparc Cybertech Private Limited has four directors - Sigatapu Veeralakshmana Vardhan, Pinnapureddy Jaya Aditya Reddy, and others. The company has 4 directors and no reported key management personnel. We support our staff by offering full health benefits including medical, dental, vision, long-term disability, flex-spending, life, and paid sick leave. We are agents of change. This is to prevent spam. See the complete profile on LinkedIn and discover Bandla's connections and jobs at similar companies. Trademarks, if any, listed on this page belong to their respective owners.
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sparc cybertech pvt ltd careers 2020