Many in the AI industry have a high regard for virtual assistants and really don't like calling them bots at all. Standard bots are not designed for complex tasks–they can't understand natural language nor can they perform sophisticated processes like understanding customer intent. Putting them in the same category as virtual assistants, which can process transactions and communicate like humans, seems to be a disservice to the technology itself.
In this two part series, we'll be taking a closer look at AI chat and how it has evolved over the generations. Specifically, we'll be talking about chatbots designed to serve businesses—in other words, virtual assistants. (We'll be calling them "chatbots" for the sake of brevity.) Armed with this knowledge, hopefully you can avoid a "do-over" when implementing AI chat for your business.
When evaluating this technology, these are the three most important questions to ask. They'll determine whether you select a good chatbot for your business or one you regret later down the road.
How much will it cost upfront?
How much control is there once it is up and running?
The first generation of AI chat has been around for almost a decade. While it's capable of performing moderately complex tasks, it often ends doing lightweight and simplistic tasks. Why? Because costs and time-to-build are both extremely high. The reason they're so high is that on the backend, first gen chatbots are built on very basic rules-based code. This means that they use a preset list of "if-then" statements to provide answers to questions or perform tasks.
As you might imagine, writing coding for every single possible scenario into rules is a large and complex endeavor. It requires significant man-hours on both the client and developer sides to map out typical situations and write them all down. When it's all built the number of supported use cases will then be limited by rules. Most companies don't want to spend the massive amount of time and money it would take to make the system function for every possible scenario. So the system ends up focusing on a limited number of simpler tasks. Even with this limited scale, rollout time averages several months.
Another thing to keep in mind is that over time first gen chatbots end up costing significant time and energy to maintain. New scenarios are common, which means that new rules must be written and old rules must be modified to deal with them. They don't feature a user-friendly client interface. This means that real-time control of the system's responses is impossible. As a result, every time a new rule needs to be written, developer needs to be involved.
Here's the likely functionality you'll get with a first gen chatbot, which is based on how much time and money you spend: It will present user-specific responses, and it will clarify user intent with menus in response to simple questions. It's a good chatbot for helping customers deal with Tier 1 issues, like password resets (assuming you spend time writing the right rules). However, unless you invest significant money, don't expect to see significant operational savings or big leaps in customer satisfaction.
In many ways, second gen AI chatbots are similar to first gen. It, too, is rules-based. However, it can also use labeled data. What this means is that on the backend an IT team cleans up and organizes raw system and device data—in other words, the team "labels" it—for the chatbot. After the data is labeled, it's entered into the system. Essentially it's a rudimentary form of machine learning.
With so much work required to massage data, second gen chatbots also share similar downsides with the first gen. They're both labor intensive and costly. Rules and labels limit the number of supported use cases. And the maintenance cost is high because new data is constantly coming in that needs to be labeled. There's also no real-time control of system responses.
The customer experience with a second gen chatbot is a little better than first gen. That's because—thanks to all the labeled data—the system can respond to more customer scenarios than first gen chatbots.
If you're looking to rollout a chatbot in a couple months that serves customers on a very limited basis, a first or second generation AI chatbot is something you might consider. They're best for large corporations with big budgets. As long as the chatbot is only needed to perform Tier 1 tasks–and few changes are anticipated–first and second gen chatbots can be quite serviceable.
Stay tuned for Part 2 of this series, in which we'll examine third gen AI chat. If you want to learn more about how Rulai has designed its chatbot to help businesses just like yours.
Or, if you want to read ahead, you can get our view of Generation 2 in our Solution Brief, which you can get by clicking the image below.


text:
Washington vs. Wolves
WDFW photo
In an all to familiar deja vu, another wolf pack in Washington state is targeted for extermination due to livestock depredation. Four years ago it was the Wedge pack–six of them killed by Washington Dept. Fish and Wildlife (WDFW), the rest got away. Now, the decision has been made to eliminate the entire Profanity Peak pack , consisting of eleven wolves. Two or more have been killed already, including the breeding female. WDFW is not sharing much information on their progress. According to Donny Martorello, wolf policy lead for the department, "We are kindly asking for a little space and understanding so we can maintain the highest level of safety for the public, the staff and our producers."
In both cases, cattle were on their summer range in heavily forested public lands, making it difficult to protect them against natural predators. And in both cases, at least most of the cattle were owned by the Diamond M ranch. About a month ago the Stevens County Cattleman's Association requested that WDFW lethally remove the Profanity Peak pack. The president of this organization happens to be Justin Hedrick, co-owner of the Diamond M ranch. WDFW responded to Hedrick and on August 5, 2016, two female wolves were shot in the Coleville National Forest. When two more calves were killed by wolves last week, the plan shifted to removing the entire pack. Apparently, groups that one might expect would protest this lethal removal have thrown in the towel and publicly agreed with the actions of WDFW. This includes Conservation Northwest and Defenders of Wildlife.
But other conservationists disagree. Amaroq Weiss of Center for Biological Diversity said in their press release on August 24, 2016, "We can't keep placing wolves in harm's way by repeatedly dumping livestock onto public lands with indefensible terrain, then killing the wolves when conflicts arise. These allotments should be retired by the U.S. Forest Service — or livestock losses should simply be expected, and wolves shouldn't have to pay for it with their lives." In the same release, Tim Coleman, executive director for Kettle Range Conservation Group, is quoted as saying, "We believe the wildest areas of our national forests should be a place where wolves can roam free."
WDFW photo of Diamond pack pups
Other issues are contestable as well. For one, killing wolves, especially by helicopter, is not cheap. Removal of the Wedge pack in 2012 cost Washington over $77,000. With eleven wolves in the currently targeted pack the expense could be much higher. Also, there are only about 90 wolves in Washington according to WDFW's April 2016 report. While the elimination of one pack will not likely send the population into a decline, it is a 12% reduction, a rather larger percentage for what is still considered an endangered species in the state.
Killing off packs of wolves is not what the majority of us feel is the best solution. WDFW knows this, yet our voices are ignored. I found this quote in an article about the Wedge pack removal: "Future department actions to remove an entire pack are likely to be extremely rare if they occur at all, said Madonna Luers, a Fish and Wildlife department spokeswoman in Spokane. "Our director (Phil Anderson) has said that he never wants to do this again," Luers said. "… The social acceptance is just not there."
A pattern seems to setting in northeastern Washington, one that is not conducive to ranchers, conservations, cows and certainly not wolves. Cattle are roaming, primarily unprotected in rugged country on public grazing allotments. Wolves are hungry. Deer and elk may be sparse so livestock becomes the target. It seems a major shift needs to occur or wolf packs will be exterminated routinely, and this only after significant livestock loss. Coming from Iowa, I realize that those who work the land and raise critters on it have a lot of forces to deal with; flood, drought, the take over of corporate farms, and an unreliable market. I saw some Iowa farmers close up shop. But others made major changes to keep going. They diversified, rather than putting all their eggs in one basket. They tried contour farming in order to hold onto the rich topsoil, most of which had been lost by old farming practices. In the decades I lived there I witnessed tremendous change in that industry. The farmers seemed to know that some things were simply not in their control and that no one was going to bail them out. Perhaps this should hold true for cattle ranchers as well.
WDFW map, June 2016
This entry was posted in grey wolf, Uncategorized, Wolves and tagged Profanity Peak pack, Washington Department Fish and Wildlife, Washington wolves, Wedge pack. Bookmark the permalink.
4 thoughts on "Washington vs. Wolves"
Pamela W says:
I left a message for Martorello a few days ago asking him whether depredations occurred on public lands. No response yet, not that it will make any difference since the department–like all wildlife "management" agencies–believe their clientele consists only of hunters, trappers, and ag "producers." Unsworth, the director of Washington Fish & Wildlife, was deputy director of the wildlife "management" agency in Idaho. This should tell you a lot, as wolves and virtually all species are relentlessly persecuted in Idaho. He is no friend to wolves in Idaho or Washington or anywhere else.
justus46 says:
I am so tired of these useless state workers trying to justify their boot-licking of the cattle people. The problem with our group is we put up with this and instead should be in the woods making noise and ensuring they kill nothing. I seriously dislike these state fools.
Justus W. Reid, Esq.
christine applebee says:
These wolves are endangered and should not be killed for going after cattle in order to eat. Instead why not move them or do something with the cattle to keep them from getting killed by the wolves. I stand for wolves all the way it this just doesn't fly well with me what so ever!
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Starkville- Oktibbeha Cons District
Sudduth Elementary School
Public K-1
101 Greenfield Drive
District: Starkville- Oktibbeha Cons District
View homes for sale near Sudduth Elementary School
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Compare Details Racial makeup is: African American (62.8%), White (30.8%), Asian (4.9%). (See more...)
Compare Details 67.7% of students are receiving a free or discounted lunch. This is the lowest percentage in the Starkville- Oktibbeha Cons District. (See more...)
Compare Details The student/teacher ratio at Sudduth Elementary School is 21, which is the highest among 3 elementary schools in the Starkville- Oktibbeha Cons District! (See more...)
Compare Sudduth Elementary School employs 38.7 full-time teachers.
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Starkville- Oktibbeha Cons District:
SchoolDigger ranks Starkville- Oktibbeha Cons District 67th of 134 Mississippi school districts. (See district ranking list.)
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Enrollment information for Sudduth Elementary School
2016 320 700 45 14 1 1 0 0 1081
2017 252 514 40 8 2 2 0 0 818
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2016 1081 57.0 18.9 73.0
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Bondville: Sydney ABCD Meetup Spring 2011 - look who came!
Sydney ABCD Meetup Spring 2011 - look who came!
Pauline (Sophisticated Yum and The Party Studio), Vesna (My Little Jedi)and Tanya (Life's Little Celebrations). Gaby (Love To Celebrate) listening intently.
Thank you so much to everyone who came and made it a great evening. We learned lots about each other from our day jobs to our dreams. (and someone needs to test the water in Balgowlah where a disproportionate number of attendees reside!). It wouldn't have been the same without: Kate (Katie Crackernuts), Tessa (Down That Little Lane), Lisa (the red thread), Saffron (Saffron Craig), Sophie (Scoops Design), Melinda (Georgica Pond), Anna (Polli), Maja (Polli), Roberta (Rowantree Design), Tanya (Life's Little Celebrations), Kate (Another Donkey Design), Leanne (Mrs A In The Cove and Sweet Style), Kirsten (Lilypad Designs), Amanda (Amanda Fuller Designs), Jenny (Paper Lion), Tara (Dudley Redhead), Kirsten (Prints Charming), Kareena (MOHE), Sasha (Faint Impressions), Steph (Over It! and Moobear Designs), Gaby (Love To Celebrate), Pauline (Sophisticated Yum and The Party Studio), Vesna (My Little Jedi), Anni (Milk & Honey Photography), Nina (Puka Puka), Amy (Badskirt), Lyndal (Tea Plus), and Helen (Paper Poetry).
Thanks so much Steph for all your efforts & a fab 'debrief' of the night! Much appreciated..
Was so wonderful to be invited to be part of ABCD, we will both have to come to the next "do"
Looks like a lovely time, sorry to have missed this one... hope to be at the next.


text:
Strażnica Wojsk Ochrony Pogranicza Górna Jasienica/Jasienica Górna – zlikwidowany podstawowy pododdział Wojsk Ochrony Pogranicza pełniący służbę graniczną na granicy polsko-czechosłowackiej.

Strażnica Straży Granicznej w Jasienicy Górnej – zlikwidowana graniczna jednostka organizacyjna Straży Granicznej realizująca zadania bezpośrednio w ochronie granicy państwowej z Czechosłowacją/Republiką Czeską.

Placówka Straży Granicznej w Jasienicy Górnej – zlikwidowana graniczna jednostka organizacyjna Straży Granicznej realizująca zadania w ochronie granicy państwowej z Republiką Czeską.

Formowanie i zmiany organizacyjne
Strażnica została sformowana w 1945 roku w strukturze 49 komendy odcinka Paczków jako 227 strażnica WOP (Górna Jasienica) o stanie 56 żołnierzy. Kierownictwo strażnicy stanowili: komendant strażnicy, zastępca komendanta do spraw polityczno-wychowawczych i zastępca do spraw zwiadu. Strażnica składała się z dwóch drużyn strzeleckich, drużyny fizylierów, drużyny łączności i gospodarczej. Etat przewidywał także instruktora do tresury psów służbowych oraz instruktora sanitarnego.

W związku z reorganizacją oddziałów WOP, 24 kwietnia 1948 roku strażnica została włączona w struktury 73 batalionu Ochrony Pogranicza, a 1 stycznia 1951 roku 46 batalionu WOP w Paczkowie, który funkcjonował do 1956 roku.

15 marca 1954 roku wprowadzono nową numerację strażnic, a strażnica WOP Jasienica Górna otrzymała nr 236 w skali kraju.

W 1956 roku rozpoczęto numerowanie strażnic na poziomie brygady. Strażnica II kategorii Górna Jasienica była 26 w 4 Brygadzie Wojsk Ochrony Pogranicza i włączona w struktury 45 batalionu WOP w Prudniku.

1 stycznia 1960 roku była jako 1 strażnica WOP III kategorii Jasienica Górna.

1 stycznia 1964 roku była jako 2 strażnica WOP lądowa IV kategorii Jasienica Górna.

W 1976 roku, w związku z przejściem na dwuszczeblowy system dowodzenia, strażnicę podporządkowano bezpośrednio pod sztab Górnośląskiej Brygady WOP w Gliwicach.

13 grudnia 1981 roku po wprowadzeniu stanu wojennego na terytorium kraju, dowódca GB WOP wewnętrznym rozkazem w miejscu stacjonowania poszczególnych batalionów, utworzył tzw. "wysunięte stanowiska dowodzenia" (zalążek przyszłych batalionów granicznych), którym podporządkował strażnice znajdujące się na odcinkach dawnych batalionów granicznych. Brygada wykonywała zadania ochrony granicy i bezpieczeństwa państwa wynikające z dekretu o wprowadzeniu stanu wojennego.

W 1984 roku Strażnica WOP Jasienica Górna została włączona w struktury utworzonego batalionu granicznego WOP Prudnik, jako Strażnica WOP Lądowa rozwinięta kat. II w Jasienicy Górnej.

1 listopada 1989 roku rozformowano batalion graniczny WOP Prudnik i strażnicę podporządkowano bezpośrednio pod sztab Górnośląskiej Brygady WOP w Gliwicach już jako Strażnica WOP Lądowa kadrowa kat. II w Jasienicy Górnej (na czas "P" kadrowa). Żołnierze służby zasadniczej WOP z ostatnich poborów nadal pełnili służbę w strażnicy.

23 marca 1991 roku strażnica została włączona w struktury Sudeckiego Batalionu WOP w Kłodzku i funkcjonowała do 15 maja 1991 roku.

 Straż Graniczna:
15 maja 1991 roku po rozwiązaniu Wojsk Ochrony Pogranicza, 16 maja 1991 roku strażnica została przejęta przez Sudecki Oddział Straży Granicznej w Kłodzku i przyjęła nazwę Strażnica Straży Granicznej w Jasienicy Górnej.

12 stycznia 2002 roku Strażnica SG w Jasienicy Górnej została włączona w struktury Śląskiego Oddziału Straży Granicznej w Raciborzu.

Jako Strażnica Straży Granicznej w Jasienicy Górnej funkcjonowała do 23 sierpnia 2005 roku i od 24 sierpnia 2005 roku, Ustawą z 22 kwietnia 2005 roku O zmianie ustawy o Straży Granicznej..., została przekształcona na Placówkę Straży Granicznej w Jasienicy Górnej (PSG w Jasienicy Górnej) w strukturach Śląskiego Oddziału Straży Granicznej.

Realizując przyjętą przez Radę Ministrów 6 czerwca 2000 roku Strategii Zintegrowanego Zarządzania Granicą. W części IV Strategii (dot. Środki Kontroli i Bezpieczeństwa), jako Placówka SG w Jasienicy Górnej funkcjonowała do 14 czerwca 2006 roku, kiedy to zarządzeniem Komendanta Głównego SG została zniesiona. Ochraniany odcinek granicy państwowej, przejęła Placówka Straży Granicznej w Paczkowie. Zgodnie z propozycją Komendanta Śląskiego Oddziału Straży Granicznej obiekt w Jasienicy Górnej był w dalszym ciągu wykorzystywany między innymi przez grupę operacyjno-śledczą oraz pełniona w nim była służba dyżurna przez kierownika zmiany. Następnie obiekt został przekazany gminie i zaadaptowany na mieszkania.

Ochrona granicy
W październiku 1945 roku w ramach tworzących się Wojsk Ochrony Pogranicza na odcinku strażnicy został utworzony Przejściowy Punkt Kontrolny Otmuchów – kolejowy III kategorii (został zlikwidowany jesienią 1946 roku), którego załoga wykonywała kontrolę graniczną osób, towarów oraz środków transportu:
 Kałków-Vidnava (kolejowe).

W 1960 roku 1 strażnica WOP Jasienica Górna III kategorii ochraniała odcinek granicy państwowej o długości 12607 m:
 Włącznie znak graniczny nr 176/18, wyłącznie znak gran. nr 186/28.

1 stycznia 1964 roku na ochranianym odcinku funkcjonowało przejście graniczne małego ruchu granicznego (mrg) w którym kontrolę graniczną osób, pojazdów, środków transportu i celną realizowali funkcjonariusze strażnicy:
 Dziewiętlice-Bernartice.

W 1975 roku odcinek strażnicy został wydłużony po przejęciu części odcinka po rozformowanej Strażnicy WOP Jarnołtów, od znaku gran. nr 176/18, włącznie do znaku gran. nr IV/170.

Strażnica WOP Lądowa rozwinięta kat. II w Jasienicy Górnej do 31 października 1989 roku, a od 1 listopada 1989 roku Strażnica WOP Lądowa kadrowa kat. II w Jasienicy Górnej ochraniała odcinek granicy państwowej
 Włącznie znak gran. nr IV/170, wyłącznie znak gran. nr IV/182.
 W okresie zimowym pas śnieżny sprawdzany był minimum: na głównym kierunku dwukrotnie, na pozostałym raz w ciągu doby na korzyść:
 Strażnicy WOP Gierałcice do znaku gran. nr 169/17.
 Strażnicy WOP Gościce do znaku gran. nr 182/1.
 Współdziałała w zabezpieczeniu granicy państwowej z:
 Strażnice WOP w: Gierałcicach i Gościcach
 Grupa Operacyjno-Rozpoznawcza Zwiadu w Nysie – do 06.1990
 W ochronie granicy dowódcy strażnicy ściśle współpracowali ze swoimi odpowiednikami tj. naczelnikami placówek OSH (Ochrana Statnich Hranic) CSRS:
 Mikulovice  (naczelnik placówki – mjr Drahomir Grund).
 Vidnava.

 Straż Graniczna:
W okresie 16 maja 1991–23 sierpnia 2005 roku terytorialny zasięg działania komendanta Strażnicy SG w Jasienicy Górnej obejmował gminę Otmuchów. Strażnica SG w Jasienicy Górnej ochraniała odcinek granicy państwowej:
 Włącznie znak gran. nr II/170 , wyłącznie znak gran. nr II/182.
 W okresie zimowym pas śnieżny sprawdzany był na korzyść:
 Strażnicy SG w Gierałcicach (od 2 stycznia 2003 roku GPK SG w Głuchołazach) do znaku gran. nr 169/17.
 Strażnicy SG w Gościcach (od 2 stycznia 2003 roku GPK SG w Paczkowie do znaku gran. nr 182/1.
 Linia rozgraniczenia z:
 GPK SG w Głuchołazach: włącznie znak gran. nr II/170, dalej granicą gmin: Głuchołazy, Nysa i Otmuchów.
 Funkcjonariusze Strażnicy SG w Jasienicy Górnej pełniąc służbę graniczną przy granicy państwowej w rejonie linii rozgraniczenia z GPK SG w Głuchołazach, prowadzili rozpoznanie od miejscowości Jarnołtów w kierunku znaku gran. nr II/170, na korzyść sąsiada od znaku gran. nr II/170 do miejscowości Sławniowice, zwracając uwagę na pola orne przyległe do granicy państwowej.
 Strażnica SG w Jasienicy Górnej współdziałała w zabezpieczeniu granicy państwowej z placówkami po stronie czeskiej cizinecké policie RCPP:
 Mikulivice.
 Vidnava.

19 lutego 1996 roku na odcinku zostały uruchomione przejścia graniczne małego ruchu granicznego (mrg), w których kontrolę graniczną i celną osób, towarów oraz środków transportu wykonywała załoga strażnicy:
 Kałków-Vidnava
 Dziewiętlice-Bernartice.

W okresie 24 sierpnia 2005–14 czerwca 2006 roku, Placówka SG w Jasienicy Górnej ochraniała odcinek granicy państwowej:
 Włącznie znak gran. nr II/170, wyłącznie znak gran. nr II/182.
 W okresie zimowym pas śnieżny sprawdzany był na korzyść:
 Placówki SG w Głuchołazach do znaku gran. nr 169/17.
 Placówki SG w Paczkowie do znaku gran. nr 182/1.
 Współdziałała w zabezpieczeniu granicy państwowej z placówkami po stronie czeskiej cizinecké policie RCPP:
 Mikulivice.
 Vidnava.

Wydarzenia
 1956 – koniec czerwca, początek lipca w okresie tzw. "Wypadków poznańskich", przy linii granicznej i w strefie działania, odnajdywano pakunki zawierające ulotki z tzw. "bibułą", przytwierdzone do balonów leżących na ziemi. W związku z masowością zjawiska, żołnierze otrzymali zezwolenie na użycie broni, celem zestrzelenia nisko przelatujących balonów (nawet jeśli znajdowały się na terytorium czechosłowackim, ale w zasięgu ognia – to samo czynili pogranicznicy czechosłowaccy).
 13 grudnia 1981–22 lipca 1983 – (stan wojenny w Polsce), normę służby granicznej dla żołnierzy podwyższono z 8 do 12 godzin na dobę. Ścisłą kontrolą objęto całą strefę nadgraniczną. W stan gotowości były postawione pododdziały odwodowe.

Strażnice sąsiednie
 226 strażnica WOP Warmałcice ⇔ 228 strażnica WOP Ujazd – 1946
 226 strażnica OP Jarnołtów ⇔ 228 strażnica OP Ujazd – 1949
 235 strażnica WOP Jarnołtów ⇔ 237 strażnica WOP Gościce – 1954
 25 strażnica WOP Jarnołtów II kat. ⇔ 1 strażnica WOP Gościce I kat. – 1956
 2 strażnica WOP Jarnołtów IV kat. ⇔ 26 strażnica WOP Gościce IV kat. – 01.01.1960
 3 strażnica WOP Jarnołtów lądowa IV kat. ⇔ 1 strażnica WOP Gościce lądowa III kat. – 01.01.1964
 Strażnica WOP Jarnołtów ⇔ Strażnica WOP Gościce – do 1975
 Strażnica WOP Lądowa rozwinięta kat. I w Gierałcicach ⇔ Strażnica WOP Lądowa rozwinięta kat. II w Gościcach – 1984–31.10.1989
 Strażnica WOP Lądowa kadrowa kat. I w Gierałcicach ⇔ Strażnica WOP Lądowa kadrowa kat. II w Gierałcicach – 01.11.1989–15.05.1991

 Straż Graniczna:
 Strażnica SG w Gierałcicach ⇔ Strażnic SG w Gościcach – 16.05.1991–01.01.2003
 GPK SG w Głuchołazach ⇔ GPK SG w Paczkowie – 02.01.2003–23.08.2005
 Placówka SG w Głuchołazach ⇔ Placówka SG w Paczkowie – 24.08.2005–14.06.2006.

Obsada personalna

Dowódcy/komendanci strażnicy
  Eugeniusz Ambroziak (16.11.1951–1952)
 kpt. Józef Dziubek (był w 1970–1976)
 st. chor. sztab. Edward Frankowski (był w 1985–05.1989)
 ppor. Jacek Murdzek (05.1989–01.1990)
 kpt. Stanisław Janik (01.1990–01.04.1991)

Komendanci strażnicy SG:
 kpt. SG/ppłk SG Kazimierz Obczyński
 mjr SG Jerzy Duda (do 23.08.2005)

 Komendanci placówki SG:
 mjr SG Jerzy Duda (24.08.2005–14.06.2006) – do rozformowania.

Zobacz też
 6 pułk piechoty.

Uwagi

Przypisy

Bibliografia

Strażnice Wojsk Ochrony Pogranicza
Jasienica Górna
Strażnice Sudeckiej Brygady WOP
Strażnice WOP rozmieszczone na granicy polsko-czechosłowackiej
Placówki Straży Granicznej
Jasienica Górna
Strażnice Górnośląskiej Brygady WOP

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Academic and Career Entrance - Algonquin College - SchoolFinder.com!
Prepare for college programs and/or employment by taking academic upgrading courses. Study only the courses you need to meet the admission requirements for your college program of choice. Or, earn the Academic and Career Entrance (ACE) certificate, which is recognized across Ontario as a Grade 12 equivalency for admission to college and by many employers as meeting their minimum employment standard.
The delivery of most courses is individualized. Placement tests determine which communication and/or mathematics course(s) you start in. The length of time it takes you to complete your program depends on which course(s) you start in, which courses(s) you need to reach your academic or employment goals and your own rate of progress. To obtain the ACE Certificate you must complete ENL5958 College Preparation Communication or ENL0076 Communications: Preparation for Degree Programs, and MAT5951 Intermediate Mathematics plus two electives with departmental approval.
Fees are $82.56 per week for Canadian students. Fees are $282.56 per week for international students. Tuition is free for Ontario residents who qualify for financial assistance under the Institution-Funded Special Bursary or Literacy and Basic Skills programs. Financial assistance may also be available for travel and/or childcare costs.


text:
Netflix Picks Up The Society For Season 2
Just an hour ago, Netflix has published the official tweet, according to which The Society is coming back for a Season 2. No specific date has been set for the upcoming premiere, but the announcement had revealed that the next installment of the web series will appear on Netflix in 2020. To be honest, nothing is surprising in that Netflix opted to pick up the teen drama for another round, given the positive statistics of the debut season of The Society.
🚨:SCREAMS IN NEW HAM: WE HAVE AN ANNOUNCEMENT!!!!🚨 pic.twitter.com/MIV4iAyDvI
— The Society (@thesociety) July 9, 2019
On Rotten Tomatoes, The Society Season 1 holds a score of 7.37/10 and a 83% approval rating from critics, while viewers have evaluated the web series at 3.8/5 and have given a 83% rating. On Metacritic, the figures were a bit lower, yet still favorable, 68/100 and 6.3/10, among critics/viewers, respectively. On IMDb, The Society has a rating of 7.1/10 based on over 10,000 votes.
No official synopsis for The Society Season 2 has been revealed so far. As a rule, Netflix publishes such data later. As soon as any additional data become available, we will update this page.
The Society Season 2 Release Date
As mentioned above, The Society Season 2 release date is yet to be announced. However, Netflix has revealed that the upcoming premiere is slated for the next year. Nonetheless, given the current schedule of the web series, the most likely period for the upcoming premiere in the next spring, someday in May 2020. As a rule, it takes no longer than a year to produce another television season, which airs on Netflix. But sometimes, there are exceptions.
Therefore, we are tracking down all the official news, which arrives from Netflix. Once the broadcaster sets a specific release date for The Society Season 2, we will update this page. So guys, stay tuned for updates. We will keep you informed.
The Society Summary
The events take place in West Ham, Connecticut, a prosperous town inhabited by wealthy families. A strange event happened to the town, whereupon all the adults have vanished all of a sudden, and it remained isolated from the outer world. As expected, all the teens who were left without parents decided to establish the best party ever.
Yet a hangover followed soon. Shortly afterwards, the teenagers perceived that the adults won't return. As a result, the teenagers now would have to adapt to the new conditions and thereby revive the society from scratch, given all the hierarchical structures in their own way.
Releted shows by network Netflix
Show Name: The Society
Show Network: Netflix
Show Genres: Drama, Mystery, Sci-Fi, Teen drama
Premiere Date: May 10, 2019
Previous Show: Vinland Saga
Next Show: Big Little Lies


text:
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/*
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|   IP.Board v3.4.6
|   ========================================
|   by Matthew Mecham
|   (c) 2001 - 2009 Invision Power Services
|   http://www.invisionpower.com
|   ========================================
|   Web: http://www.invisionboard.com
|   Email: matt@invisionpower.com
|   Licence Info: http://www.invisionboard.com/?license
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/

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}

$SQL[] = "ALTER TABLE message_topic_user_map ADD INDEX ( map_topic_id );";

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$SQL[] = "UPDATE message_topic_user_map m, `{$PRE}message_topics` t SET m.map_last_topic_reply=t.mt_last_post_time WHERE m.map_topic_id=t.mt_id;";

$SQL[] = "ALTER TABLE forum_tracker CHANGE member_id member_id MEDIUMINT( 8 ) NOT NULL";

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$SQL[] = "ALTER TABLE captcha ADD INDEX ( captcha_date );";

$SQL[] = "ALTER TABLE rss_import ADD INDEX ( rss_import_enabled , rss_import_last_import );";

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$SQL[] = "ALTER TABLE core_sys_conf_settings ADD INDEX ( conf_key );";

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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Obese sleep apnea patients may live longer with nighttime breathing aid
By Lisa Rapaport
(Reuters Health) – Obese people with sleep apnea, a common nighttime breathing disorder, may live longer when they use a machine to help keep their airways open while they sleep, a recent study suggests.
After following obese patients with sleep apnea for about 11 years, researchers found those who used the nighttime breathing aid were 42 percent less likely than those who didn't use the devices to die of any cause.
Apnea that isn't properly treated has been linked with excessive daytime sleepiness, heart attacks, heart failure and an increased risk of premature death. Often, patients are prescribed treatment with masks connected to a machine that provides continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), which splints the airway open with a steady airstream so the upper airway can't collapse during sleep. Some patients receive positive airway pressure (PAP) devices that vary the amount of air pressure for inhalation and exhalation instead of keeping it constant.
"In patients with sleep apnea, there is a poor oxygenation of the body during sleep," said lead study author Dr. Quentin Lisan of the Paris Cardiovascular Research Center in France.
"This has several consequences, including increased risk of cardiovascular diseases," Lisan said by email. "PAP therapy allows a better oxygenation of the body during sleep, hence lowering the risk of these associated conditions, which in turn might decrease mortality."
For the current study, the researchers examined data on 81 obese sleep apnea patients who were prescribed PAP treatments and a control group of 311 apnea patients who were not prescribed this type of treatment.
After an average follow-up period of around 11 years, a total of 12 patients prescribed PAP died, as did 84 people who weren't prescribed PAP, Lisan's team reports in JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery.
All of the patients in the study had severe apnea, and it's possible that results might be different for people with milder forms of the nighttime breathing disorder, Lisan noted.
One drawback of PAP machines is that they can be noisy and uncomfortable, and sometimes make it difficult for patients to fall or remain asleep.
Some patients who can't tolerate wearing the breathing masks all night may use an alternative apnea treatment known as mandibular advancement devices, which open up space in the airway by pushing out the lower jaw bone to make it less likely that the upper airway collapses during sleep.
The study wasn't designed to prove whether or how PAP machines might help apnea patients live longer. It also didn't test survival odds with PAP against those with alternative apnea interventions.
One limitation of the results is that it's not clear how consistently patients on PAP used the machines as prescribed, which can affect the treatment's effectiveness.
"Patients must be adherent to PAP for the treatment to work, and we know from other studies that the more adherent they are to the device, the more disease benefit they will receive," said the author of an accompanying commentary, Dr. Clete Kushida of the Stanford Sleep Medicine Center in Redwood City, California.
"We do not exactly know why PAP reduces mortality risk, but PAP may have reduced the mortality caused by factors such as heart attacks, stroke, high glucose levels and high blood pressure," Kushida said by email.
When patients can't tolerate PAP, they should see their doctor to see if the settings can be adjusted to make it more comfortable, said Marie-Pierre St-Onge, a sleep researcher at Columbia University Irving Medical Center in New York City who wasn't involved in the study. They may do better with different pressure settings, or with a different PAP machine.
"Some people need more or less pressure to keep the airways open and a sleep test in the laboratory can help us determine what that optimal pressure is," St-Onge said by email. "Too high is uncomfortable, too low will not be effective."
SOURCE: https://bit.ly/2KOTnBs and https://bit.ly/2vcvBok JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, online April 11, 2019.
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Malloc and free provide a simple memory allocation package. Malloc returns a pointer to a new block of at least size bytes. The block is suitably aligned for storage of any type of object. No two active pointers from malloc will have the same value. The call malloc(0) returns a valid pointer rather than null.
The argument to free is a pointer to a block previously allocated by malloc; this space is made available for further allocation. It is legal to free a null pointer; the effect is a no-op. The contents of the space returned by malloc are undefined. Mallocz behaves as malloc, except that if clr is non-zero, the memory returned will be zeroed.
Mallocalign allocates a block of at least n bytes of memory respecting alignment contraints. If align is non-zero, the returned pointer is aligned to be equal to offset modulo align. If span is non-zero, the n byte block allocated will not span a span-byte boundary.
Calloc allocates space for an array of nelem elements of size elsize. The space is initialized to zeros. Free frees such a block.
When a block is allocated, sometimes there is some extra unused space at the end. Msize grows the block to encompass this unused space and returns the new number of bytes that may be used.
The memory allocator maintains two word-sized fields associated with each block, the "malloc tag" and the "realloc tag". By convention, the malloc tag is the PC that allocated the block, and the realloc tag the PC that last reallocated the block. These may be set or examined with setmalloctag, getmalloctag, setrealloctag, and getrealloctag. When allocating blocks directly with malloc and realloc, these tags will be set properly. If a custom allocator wrapper is used, the allocator wrapper can set the tags itself (usually by passing the result of getcallerpc(2) to setmalloctag) to provide more useful information about the source of allocation.
Malloctopoolblock takes the address of a block returned by malloc and returns the address of the corresponding block allocated by the pool(2) routines.
Malloc, realloc and calloc return 0 if there is no available memory. Errstr is likely to be set. If the allocated blocks have no malloc or realloc tags, getmalloctag and getrealloctag return ~0.
at the beginning of your program. This will cause malloc not to reallocate blocks even once they are freed; poolcheck(mainmem) will then detect writes to freed blocks.
The trump library for acid can be used to obtain traces of malloc execution; see acid(1).
The different specification of calloc is bizarre.
User errors can corrupt the storage arena. The most common gaffes are (1) freeing an already freed block, (2) storing beyond the bounds of an allocated block, and (3) freeing data that was not obtained from the allocator. When malloc and free detect such corruption, they abort.


In further reflection of developing inclusive educational practices, the First Nations Principles of Learning- https://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/abed/principles_of_learning.pdf and The First Peoples Principles of Learning Video by Laura Tait: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JY168904pcE are good starting points for thinking about creating positive teaching communities.
As an IB (http://www.ibo.org/) teacher, I feel that some of these principles are followed within the context of intercultural understanding. The International Baccalaureate is structured on best practices to help teachers work towards being role models and instilling practices in ways that everyone's beliefs and values are recognized.
The IB mission statement focuses on the understanding that other people with their differences can also be right. Through an inquiry approach to learning, the focus should begin with students prior knowledge and from there, knowledge should be built upon and constructed through collaboration and understanding. The Primary Years Program of Inquiry is centred on 6 transdisciplinary themes offering global significance for all students in all cultures.
"An inquiry into the nature of the self; beliefs and values;personal, physical, mental, social and spiritual health; human relationships including families, friends, communities, and cultures;rights and responsibilities; what it means to be human." (Making the PYP Happen, page 12).
Making the PYP Happen: A curriculum framework for International Primary Education, International Baccalaureate Organization. 2009. United Kingdom; Peterson Press.


There are two types of organizations: Those whose digital security has been breached and those who don't know their digital security has been breached… Which one is yours? Ross Filipek, Symplexity's Security Architect, demonstrated a life-like cyber security attack in a virtualized lab environment. The event was held at our Fort Wayne office on April 11, 2018 and at our South Bend office on April 18, 2018.
Be sure to join us for our next event, part-three of the Symplexity Security Series! Events will be hosted at both the Fort Wayne and South Bend offices. Be sure to check out our registration page for more information.


text:
Jehud war eine Verwaltungseinheit des Achämenidenreichs innerhalb der Großsatrapie Babylonien und Transeuphratene. Die persische Herrschaft über Palästina begann mit der Einnahme der Stadt Babylon (539 v. Chr.), wobei dieses Randgebiet für die Perser allerdings erst mit dem Zug des Kambyses gegen Ägypten strategisch interessant wurde (um 525 v. Chr.). Die Perserzeit endete mit der Eroberung Palästinas und Ägyptens durch Alexander den Großen (332 v. Chr.).

Die Nordgrenze der Provinz Jehud verlief nahe Bet-El, im Osten waren der Jordan und das Tote Meer eine natürliche Grenze, im Westen gehörte ein Teil der Schefela (Geser, Aseka) noch zu Jehud, und die Südgrenze verlief nahe Bet-Zur. Im Süden grenzte das Königreich Arabien an, ein Bundesgenosse des persischen Reiches, das in der späten Perserzeit II in die Provinz Idumäa umgewandelt wurde.

In religiöser Hinsicht ist die Perserzeit dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Götterwelt in Palästina internationaler wurde, insbesondere wurden phönizische Gottheiten ägyptisiert. Die Glyptik zeigt einen Mischstil mit babylonischen, persischen, ägyptischen und griechischen Motiven. Weihinschriften und Votivgaben nahmen zu, was für eine persönlichere Beziehung des Einzelnen zu seiner Gottheit spricht. Typisch im perserzeitlichen Fundgut sind kästchenartige, steinerne Räucheraltäre.

Die Darstellung eines Löwen, manchmal mit Sonnensymbol, scheint in der Perserzeit I als Emblem für die Provinz Jehud verwendet worden zu sein. In der Perserzeit II wird es durch Siegel mit dem Schriftzug Jehud ersetzt.

Perserzeit I

Dieser Zeitabschnitt endet etwa 450/400 v. Chr. In der Provinz Jehud ist keine markante Veränderung der materiellen Kultur und vor allem kein Bevölkerungsanstieg erkennbar, der mit einer Zuwanderung von Judäern aus babylonischem Exil in Verbindung gebracht werden könnte. Das Land war auch nicht etwa zuvor durch Deportationen entvölkert worden: "Das Exil hatte nur einen kleinen Teil des Volks getroffen, so dass (entgegen der atl. Darstellung) 'Exil und Rückkehr' nur als zentrale Themen einer Minorität anzusehen sind."

An der Mittelmeerküste in der Gegend um Akko entstanden Siedlungen mit einer phönizisch-persischen Mischkultur, die am Fernhandel innerhalb des Perserreichs partizipierten. Verwaltungsbauten und Häfen zeigen, dass hier ein wirtschaftlicher Aufschwung stattfand. Galiläa war als Zulieferer in dieses Wirtschaftssystem eingebunden.

Die Rückkehrerlaubnis für die exilierten Judäer, ein für die biblische Darstellung sehr bedeutsames Ereignis, ist wahrscheinlich mit dem Zug des Kambyses nach Ägypten (um 525 v. Chr.) in Verbindung zu bringen, denn erst jetzt wurde der militärstrategische Wert der Region erkannt. Das Edikt, das sowohl die Rückkehr erlaubte als auch den Wiederaufbau des Tempels genehmigte, wäre demnach durch Darius I. (521 v. Chr.) ausgestellt worden. Die Wanderungsbewegung erfolgte danach in mehreren Wellen, wobei es sich aber historisch gesehen um eine relativ kleine Personengruppe handelte. Diese brachte im Exil entwickelte Identitätsmerkmale mit: Organisation nach Großfamilien, Beschneidung, Speisegebote, Sabbat, Endogamie. "In diesen rituell-religiösen Geboten, die das Leben des Einzelnen stark beeinflussten […] , wurde das Problem der Selbstdefinition jedem einzelnen Judäer/Jehudäer vorgelegt und ins Bewusstsein gerückt."

Jehud war in der Perserzeit I eine rückständige und dünn besiedelte Region. Man schätzt für Jerusalem eine Einwohnerzahl von 500 Menschen, für ganz Jehud etwa 13.000 Menschen (zum Vergleich: die Einwohnerzahl der Provinz Samaria wird auf 60.000 – 70.000 Menschen geschätzt). Die Subsistenzwirtschaft (Öl, Wein, Getreide) ernährte nur die Stadt Jerusalem. Es gab keine Überschüsse, die man hätte verkaufen können.  Dass die Perser Grund- und Kopfsteuern in Münzen erhoben, führte zur Verelendung der bäuerlichen Bevölkerung.

Der administrative Status von Jehud in der Perserzeit I ist nicht ganz klar. Innerhalb der Großsatrapie gab es einerseits von Statthaltern/Gouverneuren geleitete Provinzen, andererseits Vasallenkönigtümer. Albrecht Alt und Herbert Donner nahmen an, dass Jehud ein Teil der Provinz Samaria gewesen sei und erst durch das Wirken von Nehemia eine eigene Provinz Jehud geschaffen worden sei. Dagegen spricht, dass frühere Statthalter von Jehud in  erwähnt werden. Demnach war Jehud seit Beginn der persischen Herrschaft, vielleicht auch schon in der vorausgehenden neubabylonischen Periode eine eigene Verwaltungseinheit. Während Serubbabel einigermaßen sicher als Statthalter/Gouverneur der Provinz Jehud identifiziert werden kann, ist die Rolle des Scheschbazzar (letzter neubabylonischer Statthalter?) unklar. Serubbabel stammte aus der Königsfamilie der Davididen, möglicherweise war seitens der Perser erwünscht, dass er in Jehud ein Vasallenkönigtum aufbaute. Dazu kam es dann aber nicht, und mit Nehemia wurde das Amt des Statthalters an eine Person ohne königliche Abkunft vergeben. In dieser Phase gewann das Amt des Hohepriesters für die jüdische Bevölkerung an Bedeutung, denn hier bestand eine familiäre Kontinuität, die in die vorexilische Zeit zurückreichte. Nach  gab es eine aus Priestern und Aristokraten bestehende Oberschicht. Diese Gremien, in denen man viele Rückkehrer aus dem Babylonischen Exil vermutet, verwalteten die Provinz.

Der Bau des Zweiten Tempels war ein Projekt der Perser und der aus dem Exil zurückgekehrten, perserloyalen Bevölkerungsgruppe. Für den um 515 v. Chr. fertiggestellten Tempel wurde eine Gründungserzählung geschaffen, wonach er das gemeinsame Werk eines Davididen, eines Priesters aus alter Familie, zweier Propheten und der Bevölkerung war. "Da die Perser den Bau finanziell unterstützten, hatten sie auch ein Recht auf Mitbestimmung im Kult, auf die Loyalität der Priester und des dort verehrten Gottes Jhwh." Es scheint so, dass große Teile der Landbevölkerung, auch der ländlichen Oberschicht, von dem Kult am Jerusalemer Tempel ausgeschlossen waren, weil dieser von der Gruppe der Exilierten mit persischer Unterstützung kontrolliert wurde. Persischer Einfluss wird in der Bezeichnung des nun bildlosen Gottes Jhwh als "Gott des Himmels" erkennbar. Kennzeichnend für den Zweiten Tempel war die strenge Trennung von Heilig und Profan, mit der Konsequenz, dass nur noch Priester die Kulthandlungen ausführen konnten.

Perserzeit II

Ab 450/400 v. Chr. machen sich Veränderungen in der materiellen Kultur Palästinas bemerkbar. Erst jetzt strahlten die urbanen Zentren an der Küste, in Galiläa und der Schefela bis in das Bergland von Jehud aus. Der Bevölkerungszuwachs war bescheiden, aber deutlich: geschätzte 1500 Einwohner Jerusalems und etwa 20.000 bis 25.000 in Jehud insgesamt. Die wirtschaftliche Lage verbesserte sich leicht (Metall und Edelmetall im archäologischen Befund).

Nehemias politische Tätigkeit ist für die Zeit ab 450 v. Chr. historisch plausibel, denn die Sicherung der Südgrenze gegen Griechen und Ägypter lag im Interesse des Reichs, damit zusammenhängend der Bau von Festungen. Das biblische Buch Nehemia beschreibt den Bau einer (archäologisch nicht gesicherten) Stadtmauer; Jerusalem wäre damit die einzige befestigte Stadt der Provinz Jehud gewesen.

Um 398 ist die Mission des Esra historisch anzusetzen, der seitens der Perser beauftragt war, das Gesetz des Himmelsgottes in der Provinz Jehud in Kraft zu setzen. Es war Praxis der Perser, lokales Recht als Reichsrecht anzuerkennen (sogenannte Reichsautorisation). Aber es ist nicht eindeutig, um welches Gesetzeswerk es sich dabei gehandelt haben könnte:

 eine Form des Deuteronomiums (so u. a. Ulrich Kellermann);
 die Priesterschrift (u. a. Abraham Kuenen);
 ein Ur-Pentateuch (u. a. Julius Wellhausen);
 später in den Pentateuch integrierte Gesetze (u. a. Rudolf Kittel, Gerhard von Rad);
 königlich persisches Recht (u. a. Rolf Rendtorff).

Die Bücher Esra-Nehemia stellen die Maßnahmen, die in Jerusalem durchgesetzt wurden, als Wiederherstellung ganz alter Traditionen dar, historisch zutreffender wären die Veränderungen als "Umgestaltung und Neudefinierung von Bekanntem oder … Gründung von Neuem" zu bezeichnen.

Kennzeichnend für die persönliche Frömmigkeit in der Provinz Jehud während der späten Perserzeit ist, dass es "zu einem sprunghaften Anstieg der Zahl von Engeln und Dämonen kam, die zunehmend in einer Hierarchie (Engel unter Gott, Dämonen unter den Satan/Teufel) sortiert wurden." In der Oberschicht führte das Bestreben, nach den Grundsätzen der Weisheitsliteratur ein gottesfürchtiges Leben zu führen, zu Krisenerscheinungen, da der erwartete Tun-Ergehen-Zusammenhang nicht wie erwartet aufging. Diese Probleme wurden in der Hiobdichtung und später von Kohelet reflektiert.

Literatur
 Angelika Berlejung: Geschichte und Religionsgeschichte des antiken Israel. In: Jan Christian Gertz (Hrsg.): Grundinformation Altes Testament. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 6. überarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage Göttingen 2019. ISBN 978-3-8252-5086-7. S. 59–192.
 Erhard S. Gerstenberger: Israel in der Perserzeit. 5. und 4. Jahrhundert v. Chr. (= Biblische Enzyklopädie. Band 8) Kohlhammer, Stuttgart u. a. 2005, ISBN 3-17-012337-8.
 Barbara Schmitz: Geschichte Israels. Schöningh, 2., aktualisierte Auflage Paderborn 2015. ISBN 978-3-8252-4358-6.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Geschichte Palästinas
Archäologie (Israel)
Jüdische Geschichte (Antike)
Biblisches Thema
Historisches Territorium (Asien)


text:
Q: C memory issues on file import I'm writing a pretty long program that includes a lot of data importing and I started getting an error munmap_chunk(): invalid pointer. I looked around and this seemed to be caused by free() functions. I then commented all such functions in my program and the error still happened. All I could find is that this is probably caused by memory issues and that I should run Valgrind. So I did, and it returned me a whole bunch of errors mostly related to my import functions. In particular this one:
void import_bn(int depth, int idx, float pdata[4][depth]) {

    // [0][:] is gamma, [1][:] is beta, [2][:] is moving mean, [3][:] is moving variance

    // Define name from index
    char name[12]; // maximum number of characters is "paramxx.csv" = 11
    sprintf(name, "param%d.csv", idx);

    // open file
    FILE *fptr;
    fptr = fopen(name, "r");
    if (fptr == NULL) {
        perror("fopen()");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    char c = fgetc(fptr); // generic char
    char s[13];           // string, maximum number of characters is "-xxx.xxxxxxx" = 12
    char* a;              // pointer for strtof

    for (int t = 0; t < 4; ++t) { // type
    for (int d = 0; d < depth; ++d) { // depth

        //skip S
        if (c == 'S') {c = fgetc(fptr);c = fgetc(fptr);}

        // write string
        for (int i=0; c != '\n'; ++i) {
            s[i] = c;
            c = fgetc(fptr);
        }

        float f = strtof(s,&a); // convert to float
        pdata[t][d] = f;     // save on array
        c = fgetc(fptr);
    }}

    fclose(fptr);
}

The file this is supposed to be opening always has the format:
0.6121762
1.5259982
1.6705754
0.6907939
0.5508608
1.2173915
S
2.2555487
2.9224594
-1.6631562
-1.2156529
1.6944195
1.0379710
...etc

So basically they are float32s separated by '\n' and each batch is separated by an "S". This represents a multidimensional array, and in the case of this function there are always exactly 4 batches, but sizes vary.
One of the errors that appeared a lot in Valgrind was Use of uninitialised value of size 8 at the float f = strtof(s,&a); line. Am I using strtof() wrong?
The full results from Valgrind can be found here: https://pastebin.com/rKwTUgut

A: The first argument to strtof() must be a null-terminated string. You're not adding a null terminator after the // write string loop.
        int i;
        for (i=0; c != '\n'; ++i) {
            s[i] = c;
            c = fgetc(fptr);
        }
        s[i] = '\0';

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The structure and main characteristics of ECE complex on T-10 are presented. T-10 ECE system possesses by certain features: measurements are fulfilled simultaneous on 1st and 2nd harmonics; frequency range of every harmonic is widened down; ECE measurements are made in two polarization at the same time; antenna system has narrow angle diagram that permits to discover several dynamic and structure peculiarities of global plasma oscillations in m/n=1/1 mode; ECE equipment is used also for measurement of emission in frequency range of magnetized Langmuir oscillations. Some results of measurements are shown: an unevenness of disturbances motion in space; appearance of rational magnetic surface on half of q=1 surface radius; strong oscillations of longitudinal electron velocity at the central plasma area; stability of distribution function of high energy electrons at plasma edge; spectrum of plasma oscillations in sawtooth regime.


text:
Rob Santagate: The Story of an Entrepreneur and Innovative Artist
Dawn Dubriel
robsantagate keywest blueheaven
Rob Santagate makes his own rules and enjoys his freedom and success. He was the child who would look out of the school window in first grade and daydream. He hails from Massachusetts, and used to have a jewelry stand in Hampton Beach, New Hampshire when he was 20 years old. As a young entrepreneur, he needed a place to go for the wintertime, due to Hampton Beach being seasonal. Some of his friends were heading to Key West, and he tagged along. He only planned on staying for a week then enjoyed it so much; he ended up staying the whole winter. He was a snowbird for a couple years, and then moved to Key West for good. Though he arrived to Key West in 1993, he did not start painting until 2006.
He started off making jewelry with nice beads and colors, and then began painting henna and temporary tattoos of palm trees onto people's arms. During the slow times, he painted the palm trees on index cards and gave them away to kids. Then, he started painting little scenes with palm trees and other Key West elements, using his imagination, onto small index cards. Art students would come up to him and recommend he use watercolor paper and micron pens; he was using Sharpies and inexpensive watercolors. This is when he learned the procedure of drawing with a pencil first, erasing as needed, then tracing with a pen. There were many hours, many mistakes. It would take him a long time to do a drawing while other artists drew much faster. Sometimes he erased so much, one could see through the paper. "When you're using a pencil and an eraser, you can keep erasing parts you don't like, keep the parts you do like, do over the parts you don't like… but when you get it right once, that's when you do your outline with the pen, and erase the pencil. And you have exactly what you want. You know when something doesn't look right and keep working until it looks right." After satisfyingly tracing the lines with pen, he would color in with watercolors, and scan.
While creating his scenes, he discovered the work of Mario Sanchez which is very similar. He did not know of Mario Sanchez's work, and jokes about thinking someone was copying him. He later found out Mario Sanchez passed the year before Rob Santagate started painting. The organic line work in their art is very similar. The first place he sold his artwork at was a store called Waterfront Market (no longer there), owned by his friend, Bucko, who supported local art. Rob Santagate made a painting of the actual building, Waterfront Market, and his little 4X6 prints started selling like hotcakes. The feeling of Key West transfers emotionally in his art, from line-work, buildings, characters, animals, and colors. After that, many of the building and museum owners approached him to create art for their gift shops, such as the Hemingway House and Blue Heaven. While Rob Santagate hasn't drawn or painted in over 6 years, more than 25 stores and gift shops in Key West carry a full line of his products (bookmarks, magnets, tiles, mugs, t-shirts).
This whole enterprise started out at his Schooner Warf stand, where he fed the jumping 4-5 foot long Tarpon by hand, and painted tattoos and sold little paintings. During that time is when he did all of his paintings, and did well financially with cash rolling in everyday. After he developed a large body of work, a partnership of 5 women decided to track him down to sell his all of his artwork wholesale in Key West gift shops. One of the ladies left a Post-it® note saying "Find Rob Santagate" on the refrigerator of the employee room at Out of the Blue in Big Pine. They had seen his work around town, and the rest is history. He was initially scared to close his little shop, but happily the wholesale venture took off and carries on. Everyone who sees his art (especially for the first time in Key West) loves it. It captures the vibe of Key West's fun and whimsy. I myself bought 8 magnets, only because Blue Heaven was sold out of the larger tiles of the pieces I wanted.
When asked what advice he would give to aspiring artists, he says the same thing that Mario Sanchez said, "Be original. " Completely self-taught, he did accept tips on artist techniques and procedures to help him get his thoughts and imagination onto the paper, but has a unique theory on art school. "You go to art school, you're studying other people's art. And when you start doing art, you're highly influenced by it. Like, if you study Picasso constantly, you're going to end up drawing like Picasso. That's not you. You have to, ya'know, be original. Do your own." "He" comes out in his paintings, because it's what's inside of him.
Love his work, drop him a compliment on facebook! https://www.facebook.com/robsantagatesartshop/?fref=ts
To see Rob Santagate's work, visit Key West!
Or, buy magnets from Blue Heaven's website: https://stores.blueheavenkw.com/merchandise
All photos courtesy of Rob Santagate
View credits and photo descriptions
Welcome to Red Stair Studio, Home to Artist Donald E. Munson
Spotlight Artist Joanna Keane Lopez
SPOTLIGHT ARTIST Randy Toroni
SPOTLIGHT ARTIST Patrick Quirk
SPOTLIGHT ARTIST Samuel Shin
Varnishing: The Final Step in the Painting Process


text:
ACCEPTED

#### According to
Index Fungorum

#### Published in
Atti R. Accad. Fisiocrit. Siena, Sér. 10 2(7-8): 440 (1928)

#### Original name
Stagonospora schoenii Nann.

### Remarks
null


text:
Folk Photography, Poems I've Never Written ( photo book)
Folk Photography, Poems I've Never Written by Joe Schwartz
"When not impinged on by prejudiced home atmospheres, communicating humans, young and old, of various races and national origins of engaged in shared activities, showing healthy attitudes despite poor environmental conditions."
A 240 page volume of 335 duotone images makes it one of the largest collections of black and white socially historical photographs to be compiled in one publication by a single photographer, Joe Schwartz ( New York Photo League.)
"I have tried to capture the essence of the urban "have-nots" in America."
Joe's theme focused on interracial harmony - people getting along in the 1930s - 1940s on the streets of Brooklyn, New York and in California in the 1950s - 1980s.
"Human dignity and individual rights are of extreme importance to Joe Schwartz, an artist who has spent many years documenting the everyday activities of common folk. Even when his works depict decadence and decay, he focuses on the substance and value of individuals rather than their plight as unfortunate human beings. He is a philosopher of hope rather than a messenger of despair." Samella Lewis, Ph.D., Professor Emerita, Scripps College, Claremont, CA.
Joe Schwartz was an advocate for civil rights for all races, (through his street photography,) prior to the civil rights movement.


We are cultivating a culture of "Students and Teachers Engaging Active Minds" by providing prekindergarten through 12th grade STEAM challenges that align with the district's Strategic Plan to support student-centered critical thinking, creativity, innovation, problem solving, collaboration and communication.
The challenges culminate with the GISD STEAMposium, an interactive full-day event at the Curtis Culwell Center with a keynote speaker and award ceremony. Participants develop team-work and self-confidence while effectively staying engaged and learning in a STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Math) culture.
The STEAM educational framework is for all disciplines and types of learners with the goal of being more engaging and naturally successful. Students can participate in many different ways.
Engineering design challenges engage learners in hands-on, authentic challenges and coordinates with state and national STEM standards.
STEAMletes collaborate, construct and program innovative robots to respond to a new scenario every year using the VEX system. Teams compete with their robots to score points in competitive matches and skills challenges.
To inspire the next generation of engineers, inventors, and innovators, Maker Tank, a "Shark Tank" style challenge, is designed to showcase student makers exploring new forms and technologies that address real needs. Participants pitch their products utilizing their entrepreneurial skills.
Students conduct their own investigation to discover the "why" while developing skills to collect and evaluate evidence. District and regional science and engineering fairs as well as STEAMposium's science fair and forensics challenges provide opportunities for students to demonstrate skills and describe their findings.
Coding challenges inspire students to acquire skills necessary to unleash their potential to problem solve through code, words, pictures or numbers.
STEAMletes express wonder and perspective of their world through their design of media in many forms including music, video, animation, and costume design to support STEAM connections.
Game-based competitions in both digital and traditional formats encourage evaluation, analysis and problem solving to engage the whole family.
STEAMposium is an interactive event that brings campus winners from across the district to face off against one another in various science, technology, engineering, art and math challenges for the chance to be crowned districtwide champions. Students qualify for STEAMposium through their campus or other district events such as the Science Fair.
STEAMposium is the area's largest showcase of student engineers and inventors and features projects from all phases, enlightening seminars, guest speakers and good-hearted fun. The presentation of the STEAMLY Cup—a recreation of the famed Stanley Cup—ends the event each year, awarding the winning schools with a traveling trophy.
This year's event is April 28.
VEX IQ Robotics challenges are for elementary and middle school students. VEX Robotics challenges are for middle and high school students. 40 spots are open to all VEX IQ and VEX teams on a first come, first serve basis.
The Maker Tank challenge asks students to explore a need and develop a prototype that addresses it. The product can be a unique invention or improvement on an existing idea. At STEAMposium, students will present their process and pitch their idea to a panel of Maker Tank STEAMvestors.
Science Fair projects from all campuses are showcased at STEAMposium. Students will have the opportunity to present and share their project with the community.
There are also three high school forensic challenges, one of which requires students to obtain evidence using a drone.
Fine arts challenges include movie trailer, musical score and t-shirt design at all levels. Middle and high school students can also participate in a STEAMpunk cosplay challenge.


Thanks for the guidelines you have discussed here. Something important I would like to state is that computer system memory requirements generally increase along with other breakthroughs in the technologies. For instance, any time new generations of processors are brought to the market, there is certainly usually a corresponding increase in the size and style preferences of all personal computer memory in addition to hard drive room. This is because the program operated by simply these processor chips will inevitably increase in power to use the new technological know-how.
One thing I would like to say is the fact that before acquiring more computer system memory, have a look at the machine in to which it can be installed. Should the machine is usually running Windows XP, for instance, the memory ceiling is 3.25GB. Putting in over this would easily constitute a waste. Make certain that one's motherboard can handle the particular upgrade quantity, as well. Good blog post.
Good blog post. Some tips i would like to bring up is that computer system memory ought to be purchased but if your computer still can't cope with everything you do by using it.One can put in two RAM memoryboards containing 1GB each, for example, but not one of 1GB and one with 2GB. One should make sure the car maker's documentation for the PC to be sure what type of storage is necessary.
Things ihave observed in terms of computer memory is that often there are technical specs such as SDRAM, DDR or anything else, that must match up the requirements of the motherboard. If the computer's motherboard is very current while there are no os issues, replacing the memory literally takes under sixty minutes. It's on the list of easiest laptop or computer upgrade treatments one can picture. Thanks for spreading your ideas.


Your District Council is again offering a free health check to local residents.
A drop-in Health Promotion Day at Matlock's Lime Grove Medical Centre from 9am to 4pm on Tuesday 12 March will include a free Boditrax scan, which measures muscle, fat and water percentages, metabolic age and hidden fat around internal organs.
The event, which was a success in 2018, also features free easy and moderate level health walks from the Medical Centre at 10am and 12.30pm.
"Helping to keep local people fit and healthy is one of our priorities and this event is designed to encourage residents to take the first steps to adopting healthier lifestyles in a low-pressure, friendly environment."
More information about the District Council's health initiatives can be found here, including free health walks across the Derbyshire Dales every weekday.


text:
package org.onosproject.net.flow.instructions;

import com.google.common.annotations.Beta;
import com.google.common.base.MoreObjects;

import java.util.Objects;

/**
 * Type of treatment extensions.
 */
@Beta
public final class ExtensionTreatmentType {

    /**
     * A list of well-known named extension instruction type codes.
     * These numbers have no impact on the actual OF type id.
     */
    public enum ExtensionTreatmentTypes {
        NICIRA_SET_TUNNEL_DST(0),
        NICIRA_RESUBMIT(1),
        NICIRA_MOV_ARP_SHA_TO_THA(2),
        NICIRA_MOV_ARP_SPA_TO_TPA(3),
        NICIRA_MOV_ETH_SRC_TO_DST(4),
        NICIRA_MOV_IP_SRC_TO_DST(5),
        NICIRA_MOV_NSH_C1_TO_C1(6),
        NICIRA_MOV_NSH_C2_TO_C2(7),
        NICIRA_MOV_NSH_C3_TO_C3(8),
        NICIRA_MOV_NSH_C4_TO_C4(9),
        NICIRA_MOV_TUN_IPV4_DST_TO_TUN_IPV4_DST(10),
        NICIRA_MOV_TUN_ID_TO_TUN_ID(11),
        NICIRA_MOV_NSH_C2_TO_TUN_ID(12),
        NICIRA_RESUBMIT_TABLE(14),
        NICIRA_PUSH_NSH(38),
        NICIRA_POP_NSH(39),
        OFDPA_SET_VLAN_ID(64),
        NICIRA_TUN_GPE_NP(111),
        NICIRA_SET_NSH_SPI(113),
        NICIRA_SET_NSH_SI(114),
        NICIRA_SET_NSH_CH1(115),
        NICIRA_SET_NSH_CH2(116),
        NICIRA_SET_NSH_CH3(117),
        NICIRA_SET_NSH_CH4(118),
        NICIRA_NSH_MDTYPE(119),
        NICIRA_NSH_NP(120),
        NICIRA_ENCAP_ETH_SRC(121),
        NICIRA_ENCAP_ETH_DST(122),
        NICIRA_ENCAP_ETH_TYPE(123),
        BMV2_ACTION(128),
        OPLINK_ATTENUATION(130);

        private ExtensionTreatmentType type;

        /**
         * Creates a new named extension treatment type.
         *
         * @param type type code
         */
        ExtensionTreatmentTypes(int type) {
            this.type = new ExtensionTreatmentType(type);
        }

        /**
         * Gets the extension type object for this named type code.
         *
         * @return extension type object
         */
        public ExtensionTreatmentType type() {
            return type;
        }
    }

    private final int type;

    /**
     * Creates an extension type with the given int type code.
     *
     * @param type type code
     */
    public ExtensionTreatmentType(int type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    /**
     * Returns extension treatment type.
     *
     * @return extension treatment type
     */
    public int type() {
        return type;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return Objects.hash(type);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if (this == obj) {
            return true;
        }
        if (obj instanceof ExtensionTreatmentType) {
            final ExtensionTreatmentType that = (ExtensionTreatmentType) obj;
            return this.type == that.type;
        }
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return MoreObjects.toStringHelper(ExtensionTreatmentType.class)
                .add("type", type)
                .toString();
    }
}


text:
Q: In new express where body-parser is implicit, how to get raw request body in middleware? I would like to get the raw request body in one of my middlewares in my Express app. There are a few posts on Stackoverflow that show how to do this (e.g. Node.js - get raw request body using Express or Writing express middleware to get raw request body before body-parser), but:

*

*They use body-parser, which I believe is built-in with the new Express version, so am not sure how to use it in this case

*They extract the raw request in app.use(), which means that all routes would extract the raw request, whereas I only want to extract it in one route (more specifically, in an independent middleware that's buried deep in my code rather than in app.js, to which I want to be able to just pass the req element and extract its raw body there).

Any advice on the best way to do this?

A: Assuming you have not already parsed the body before reaching this route (using body-parser or something similar), following will work in your routes file:
var express = require('express');
var router = express.Router();
var bodyParser = require('body-parser');

router.get('/path', bodyParser.raw(options), (req,res){
   //your code
});

bodyParser.raw(options) will return a function that accepts 3 arguments (req,res,next) and the raw body will become available in req.body


text:
Laugafell är en kulle i republiken Island. Den ligger i regionen Norðurland eystra,  km nordost om huvudstaden Reykjavík. Toppen på Laugafell är 379 meter över havet, eller  meter över den omgivande terrängen. Bredden vid basen är  km.

Trakten runt Laugafell är nära nog obefolkad, med mindre än två invånare per kvadratkilometer. Närmaste större samhälle är Laugar, omkring 16 kilometer norr om Laugafell. Trakten runt Laugafell består i huvudsak av gräsmarker.

Kommentarer

Källor

Kullar i Norðurland eystra
Berg i Island 200 meter över havet eller högre


I've said this before, and I'll say it again: I'm a complete sucker for acoustic music. Anything that I can feel deep in my soul that will resonate with me for quite some time is the kind of music I choose to listen to over mostly anything else.
The Singer and The Songwriter have delivered a track to my eardrums that gives me that musical satisfaction that I constantly long for. The duo, who originated in Los Angeles, released their latest EP, Ballads for Trying Times, last month. One of the singles from the EP, titled "Nights & Weekends," showcases a bluesy feel with soulful vocals that provide a completely mellow listening experience.
The accompanying music video only helps to portray the raw emotion that you can not only hear, but feel within the lyrics. The beginning of the song starts out with an impressive blues guitar number that leads into vocals with a lot of bass to them, yet they remain quite soft and mellow. There's a very buttery feel to the end of each line which will ease you gently into the billowing start of the next. A minute and a half into the song, the tempo picks up only slightly. Enough to bring a unique change of pace into the track, but not enough to interrupt the overall flow of it.
The music video is very simple in nature, being set within a recording studio that seems to have an aura of warmth to it. Maybe that's just the song working its magic, but the setting seems completely serene and magical, even though it is very plain and classic.
There seems to be a slight classic country vibe to the vocals, one that you may only be able to catch if you've been exposed to country music your whole life (like I have). It's a nice touch, and helps to blend two different genres together beautifully. The guitar solo two and a half minutes into the song dives deeper into the bluesy nature of the track, and does so quite perfectly. The vocals reappear shortly after, but only for a quick moment before fading away again, back into another uncomplicated yet moving guitar number.
The track ends on a very satisfying note, gently fading away into silence and a quick thumbs up from the guitarist that you'll see in the music video. If you're expecting something very complex and exciting with this track, you won't find it.
Instead, you'll find pure, simple beauty.


This is our new body kit for the Volkswagen Caddy, expanding our kits for vans range. The body kit will completely redesign your Caddy Van from years 2004 – 2015 (MK III) into this new and unique design. Just take a look at the photos and see for yourself!
Tags: 2004, 2015, Caddy, Commercial, MK3, New, Side Skirts, Van, Volkswagen.
Here is our new body kit for the Volkswagen Caddy van!


text:
Les Droites – szczyt w Masywie Mont Blanc, w grupie Triolet-Verte. Leży we wschodniej Francji (departament Górna Sabaudia). Szczyt można zdobyć ze schronisk Refuge d'Argentière (2771 m) i Refuge du Couvercle (2687 m).

Szczyt ma dwa wierzchołki:
 Zachodni, niższy (3984 m), pierwsze wejście W.A.B. Coolidge, Christian Almer i Ulrich Almer 16 lipca 1876 r.
 Wschodni, wyższy (4000 m), pierwsze wejście Thomas Middlemore, John Oakley Maund, Henri Cordier, Johann Jaun i Andreas Maurer 7 sierpnia 1876 r.

Bibliografia
 Les Droites

Szczyty Francji
Szczyty Masywu Mont Blanc


text:
Binningen est une commune et une ville suisse du canton de Bâle-Campagne, située dans le district d'Arlesheim.

Géographie

Binningen mesure .

Démographie
Binningen compte  au . Sa densité de population atteint  hab./km.

Personnalités
 Friedrich Salathé (1793-1858), paysagiste, dessinateur et aquafortiste, né à Binningen.
 Noah Okafor (2000-), footballeur professionnel né à Binningen.

Annexes

Notes et références

Liens externes
 Site officiel de la commune

Eurodistrict trinational de Bâle
Ville en Suisse
Commune du canton de Bâle-Campagne


View my research on Google Scholar, SSRN and RePEc.
2017 Responsibility or autonomy: children and the probability of self-employment in the USA. Small Business Economics: an Entrepreneurship Journal, 49(2), 493-512 (Available here).
This paper studies the effect of children on the likelihood of self-employment. Having children can change preferences that are central to the decision whether to be self-employed. On the one hand, individuals' preference for autonomy and flexibility increases when having children, which increases the willingness to be self-employed. On the other hand, having children entails a responsibility over someone else, which increases individual risk aversion and decreases the willingness to be self-employed. Using a pooled cross section of 26 years from the General Social Survey, instrumental variable estimates indicate that, in the U.S., having children under the age of 18 in the household decreases the likelihood of being self-employed by 11% (i.e. the responsibility effect dominates). This effect is considerable as a child decreases the probability of self-employment more than the increase associated with being raised by a self-employed father—one of the main determinants of self-employment.
Luck and Effort: Learning about Income from Friends and Neighbors. Current Draft.
Can social segregation explain differences in beliefs regarding the role of effort in determining high incomes? I develop a model of lineages of agents learning about the effect of effort on the probability of receiving a high income based on their own experience (effort chosen and income received) and the experiences of agents in their networks. Simulating economies of these agents, only two conditions are needed for the existence of long-run differences in beliefs: (i) agents assume their networks are representative of the whole economy, and (ii) they are more likely to meet others with similar life experiences—as under social segregation. For my analysis, I also consider (iii) imperfect intergenerational transmission of beliefs, in the form of partial confidence about parent's beliefs, to account for sizable changes in beliefs due to single mobility experiences. I find a positive relationship between the degree of social segregation and the level of long-run differences in beliefs. Moreover, high levels of social segregation can lead agents to make inefficient effort choices while average beliefs drift away from real parameters. High levels of social segregation generate groups of agents who persistently choose to exert (no) effort coexisting with agents choosing depending on their cost of effort. And, mobility experiences resulting from luck decrease the belief about the role of effort.
Formerly circulated under the name "Segregation and Beliefs regarding Income Determining Factors."
Presented at: (2016) Canadian Economics Association (CEA) Annual Conference, Midwest Political Science Association Conference, (2015) University of Michigan School of Information BEE-ICD Lab Meetings, (2014) Behavioral Models of Politics Conference.
2016 Opportunities and Effort: ex-post redistribution in the lab. Current Draft.
This paper presents evidence from a lab experiment examining the effect of information regarding effort and opportunities in ex-post redistribution behavior. In the experiment, individuals are randomly selected into one of two groups, each endowed with different probabilities of earning $20. By exerting effort individuals can increase their probability of earning the $20, but conditional on effort the difference in probabilities remain constant. That is, different groups bestows individuals with different opportunities. After initial earnings are determined, I examine redistribution decisions using a dictator game where the dictator has $20 and the receiver $0. Treatments vary (i) the level of inequality of opportunities and (ii) information regarding receivers' effort and opportunities. I find dictators consistently revealing a lower concern for low effort receivers. However, dictators do not significantly consider opportunities—either the receivers' or their own—when redistributing.
- Previously circulated as (2014) Information Effect Regarding Inequality of Opportunities on Redistribution : A Lab Experiment (Working Paper No. 2014-75). University of Calgary.
Presented at: (2014) North-American Economics Science Association Meetings, the Antigua Experimental Economics Conference, the Canadian Economics Association (CEA) Annual Conference, and Science of Philanthropy Initiative Annual Conference (Poster session) (2013) North-American ESA Meetings.
This paper studies the effects of subsistence and survival constraints in risk behavior. It posits a theory of rational decision making that explains the seemingly contradictory empirical findings of the poor being extremely risk averse in some cases while being extremely risk loving in other cases. According to this theory, revealed risk preferences respond to the effect of subsistence constraints in life expectancy and the possibility (or not) of assuring one's subsistence with a low risk activity. As a way of testing this theory, 92 individuals from households living in poverty and extreme poverty were presented with a high-stakes risk choice involving only gains. This resulted in an economic quasi-experiment, inasmuch as the treatment, deciding around subsistence, was not randomly assigned but instead was determined based on households' per-capita incomes. I use a regression discontinuity design, and find evidence suggesting that, being presented with the opportunity of avoiding undernourishment significantly decreases a household's risk aversion.
Presented at: (2016) North American ESA.
Using social media to promote voluntary retirement savings in Mexico. With Mariano Bosch, Anne Hand, María Teresa Silva Porto and Lukas Keller.
2015 "James Duesenberry" and "Relative Income Effects". In (M. Altman, Ed.) Real-World Decision Making An Encyclopedia of Behavioral Economics. Greenwood. With Robert Oxoby.


How happy would you be with your children if they brought home a quiz with a score lower than 70 percent? At my house it would probably result in some type of restriction...no more Netflix, cell phone confiscation, limitation on screen-time or loss of use of the car. Well, based on ... Log in to view full article.


This beautiful and cute mermaid is living on a very small island with her family and all sea animals. She is the queen of that island and she have a big pearl castle who is situated on the seabed of coral . You should make her happy when u choose for this cute mermaid a perfect hairstyle, eyes, lips and clothes. Use your hairdresser talent to do this little mermaid to reach the threshold of happiness. If you succeed to impress her even reaching at the threshold of coolness you will be the best hairdresser from area and will be appreciated by the whole world.


(EMAILWIRE.COM, January 12, 2019 ) Resurgent growth in the construction sector since the past years coupled with increasing construction activities and infrastructure development continue to remain instrumental in driving sales of construction equipment, in turn influencing sales of undercarriage components worldwide. Growing technological advancements in earth moving equipment to meet the increasing demand for new construction projects has significantly fueled the demand for durable and efficient undercarriage components since the past years. Fact.MR envisages that the demand for undercarriage components is projected to expand at a steady rate at a CAGR of 3.2% throughout the period of assessment, 2018-2028. Sales of undercarriage components by the end of the year of forecast is estimated to cross US$ 10,800 Mn, says the report.


text:
Добросусі́дська ву́лиця — вулиця у Солом'янському районі м. Києва, місцевість Совки. Пролягає від Крутогірної вулиці до вулиці Пржевальського.

До вулиці прилучаються Добросусідський провулок та Рибна вулиця.

Історія
За даними довідника «Вулиці Києва», виникла у 50-х роках ХХ століття із зазначенням, що подекуди містить і давнішу забудову, адже початки формування вулиці — це 1920–30-і роки. Первісно вулиця назви не мала, але невдовзі отримала назву 10-а Нова́. Сучасна назва — з 1958 року.

Примітки

Джерела

Вулиці Солом'янського району Києва


As a valued client of BeAWealthyTherapist.net, you know that we focus on two kinds of therapy practice marketing. The first is community marketing, which is generating referrals from your local community, usually through speaking and networking. The second is online marketing, which relates to having a client attractive website and strong search engine optimization. Both of these are important if you want to benefit from the potential clients who are looking online for a therapist just like you.
This is why we're pleased to offer you the opportunity to get a custom designed WordPress website built for you, according to our best practices and recommendations.
We will also integrate your online scheduler into your site, if you wish, and we will include a Google map for your business on the Contact Page as well.
It is wise to have your content for each of the five website pages at least partially completed before your website build begins- this way, the process can proceed smoothly and efficiently for you.
And the comfort and security of knowing that your site will be built to the exact specifications and recommendations we make for all our client websites.


Take care of your health. See your doctor regularly, eat a balanced diet and exercise regularly. Remember that to be able to care of your loved one, you must first take care of yourself.
Don't go it alone. Friends, family members or religious groups may be able to help you, so don't be shy about asking.
Seek support. Consider becoming involved in support groups – either online or in your community – for caregivers and family members of people with diabetes. These support groups allow you to share your experiences and frustrations with people who are dealing with similar issues.
Find time for yourself. Spending time with friends or doing activities that you enjoy is an important part of staying healthy and avoiding burnout.
Seek professional help. Respite care provides a short period of time off for caregivers so that they can take care of their own needs. Home health agencies can provide nurses and health aides to help take care of your loved one at home. Adult day care centers can provide care outside of the home.
Managing diabetes can be hard on people with the disease and their caregivers. Everyone feels a little down from time to time, but feelings of sadness that don't go away or start to interfere with your daily activities may be signs of depression.
If you experience one or more of these symptoms for two weeks or longer, contact your doctor. The good news about depression is that it can be treated with medications, counseling or a combination of both.


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Ashley Rickard
Information Systems Manager
Ashley Rickard joined the Kansas Health Foundation in 2020 and currently serves as information systems manager.
Rickard came to KHF with more than 15 years of experience in nonprofit management, spending those years focused on increasing positive outcomes for children and families in the Wichita community. In addition to running her own nonprofit consulting firm, Rickard held a variety of roles working to address crime, homelessness, mental illness, child abuse and Adverse Childhood Experiences. This included serving as executive director for Court Appointed Special Advocates (CASA) of Sedgwick County and in program and outreach positions for Episcopal Social Services.
During her career, Rickard has also dedicated her time to many community groups in a volunteer capacity, including as a Girl Scout Leader, as a Court Appointed Special Advocate, at Fresh Air Baby Camp, Kansas Children's Service League and as a board member for HealthCore Clinic. She currently serves as a volunteer for the American Red Cross, and Sedgwick County Juvenile Accountability Panel.
For her professional and volunteer work, Rickard has received numerous community awards, including the Regional Social Security Administration Public Service Excellence Award, Junior League of Wichita Shining Star Award, the Liberty Bell Award for public service excellence from the Young Lawyers Association of Wichita and the Wichita State Kids Gear Up Outstanding Service Award. She was also recognized by the Wichita Business Journal in 2014 as a 40 under 40 honoree.
Academically, Rickard earned a Bachelor of Science in criminal justice and anthropology from Wichita State University, as well as a Master of Science in criminal justice from the University of Cincinnati. She also holds a certificate in criminology from Wichita State and a certificate in conflict resolution from Johnson County Community College.
When Rickard is not at work taking orders from Secret, the Director of Hearing Assistance and Office Morale, she is spending her time in the great outdoors with Secret and her family.
Contact Ashley Rickard


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Gibbonsia é um gênero da família Clinidae nativo do leste do Oceano Pacífico.

Espécies
Atualmente, existem quatro espécies reconhecidas neste gênero:

 Gibbonsia elegans (J. G. Cooper, 1864) (Spotted kelpfish)
 Gibbonsia evides (D. S. Jordão & C. H. Gilbert, 1883)
 Gibbonsia metzi C. L. Gustcol, 1927 (Striped kelpfish)
 Gibbonsia montereyensis C. L. Gustcol, 1927 (Crevice kelpfish)

Referências

Clinidae