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College majors that earn the most money
Stacker researched the 2020 compensation data from PaysScale that was released in 2021, which ranked college alumni who earn the most money in their early to mid-career professional careers.
Choosing a college major is a big decision. Students must select to study something that challenges and interests them while balancing the hard realities of the job market and outlook of career paths. A good salary coming out of college is key to a secure middle class future, and with increasing student loan debts, choosing a major that yields bigger salaries out the gate becomes ever more desirable.
To show just how valuable these college majors can be, Stacker used data from a 2020 PayScale report to rank the top 100 college majors that alumni make the most money from in their respective professional careers. The rankings, released in 2021, are based on the highest average mid-career salary. Information is provided about the jobs a major in that area might be hired for, which skills they'll attain while in school, and what the Bureau of Labor Statistics projects their prospects are of finding a job upon graduation with a bachelor's degree.
Stacker's list of top 100 college majors that earn the most money is diverse, beginning with Japanese studies and ending with petroleum engineering. In between, computational and applied mathematics, aeronautics, building science, and mechatronics top the ranks of college majors that earn the most money early to mid-career. Within the list, engineer-related college majors dominate, with petroleum engineering majors making the most mid-career pay at $182,000.
Keep reading to find out if your major made the list of college majors that earn the most money.
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#100. Japanese studies
– Early career pay: $49,200
– Mid-career pay: $108,500
Japanese studies entails speaking, reading, and writing the culture's language to learn its history, economics, and social science. As a subset of East Asian studies, graduates can find work in a variety of fields, including public service, international relations, or multinational organizations. Depending on the area of concentration, the job outlook for those with a Japanese studies degree is highly favorable.
#97. Automotive engineering (tie)
After taking courses in diesel engine theory, fuel cell systems, and automotive dynamics and electronics, graduates design and tweak passenger cars, buses, and trucks, as well as motorcycles and off-road transport. Graduates with master's degrees learn and perform specialized vehicle systems, including noise and vibration, powertrain, and ergonomics.
#97. Business and information technology (tie)
While a computer forensic analyst averages more early career pay, a network architect makes even more than the mid-career pay for graduates of the major. The business end of the major teaches students finance, marketing, operating systems, and web administration. Students who attain a graduate business and information technology degree, and earn more annual pay, learn disaster recovery, managerial accounting, and systems project management.
#97. Japanese language (tie)
Graduating with a major in Japanese language sets one up for a career in translation, teaching, or political science, among others. With more than 120 million Japanese speakers in the world, the need for translators and interpreters is expected to grow by nearly 20%, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Continuing to a master's degree enhances job prospects by ensuring increased mastery of the language and culture.
TORU YAMANAKA/AFP // Getty Images
#96. Managerial economics
Up to 6,270 managerial economic degrees were awarded during the U.S. 2018–2019 college year, making the major the 110th most popular. Courses for the major include accounting, calculus, econometrics, financial markets, economics of regulation, international trade, and money and banking. Graduates of the major find careers as financial managers and analysts, executive directors, and economists.
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Petekub // Shutterstock
#94. Energy management (tie)
Energy management majors study science, finance, engineering, and geology, all of which are required to graduate. These students, whose interests include communication, management, and business, work with utility companies, government agencies, and energy trading firms. To date, the University of Oklahoma's energy management program, formerly the petroleum land management program, is the oldest and most prestigious curriculum of its kind in the United States.
#94. Structural engineering (tie)
Considered a specialty within civil engineering, majors in this field concentrate on the design and structure of buildings, bridges, and roadways. Both a college degree and a professional engineer's license are required to practice, which requires an understanding of physics, math, and material properties. During their careers, structural engineers work alongside architects and construction officials to determine design safety in the face of elemental forces, including snow, wind, and earthquakes.
#93. Economics
Collecting, analyzing, and forecasting data for specific market trends, including finance, labor, and agriculture, is what economics majors study. The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects up to 8% growth in the field from 2018 to 2028 for economists, who most often hold a master's degree or doctorate. Critical thinking, reading comprehension, and decision-making are required skills for students who take on a variety of tasks, including conducting research, compiling reports, and supervising projects.
StFX // Wikimedia Commons
#90. Electronics engineering (tie)
Electronics engineering focuses on the design and development of electronic devices, including phones, music players, and GPS systems. Majors will be taught the ins and outs of digital systems design and circuit theory, while adding drafting courses can enhance a graduate's employability. The slowing of the manufacturing and telecommunications industries has the profession projected to grow by only 2% in the next decade, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
#90. Engineering physics (tie)
The dual degree in engineering physics opens up doors for careers in nuclear science and aerospace. Specifically, majors who graduate with the degree can become materials scientists, medical physicists, or atomic engineers, all of which earn a minimum of $65,000 annually. Engineering firms and high-tech startups seek out these majors as employees post-graduation.
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PRESSLAB // Shutterstock
#90. Industrial distribution (tie)
International sales manager, retail buyer, and regional sales director make up a few career choices for industrial distribution majors who study the purchase and transport of goods. Program coursework required for this career includes communications, domestic and international marketing, analysis, operations management, wholesale purchasing, and distribution supervision. Professionals in the field have strong math and problem-solving skills.
#89. Paper science
Graduates in this major, who learn the science and technology of converting raw bio-materials into paper and new ways to manufacture the product, are well-versed in advanced math, chemistry, and physical and chemical properties of wood. Field, project, packaging, quality, and process engineer are some titles alums hold after graduating.
LI CHAOSHU // Shutterstock
#88. Mathematics and statistics
Data analysis, experimental design, and statistical research are skills that mathematical statistician graduates attain in college. The northeastern United States has the most jobs for graduates, with Connecticut and Maryland paying top dollar for employment. Job titles include statisticians who interpret and process medical, governmental, and social data, and math professors, who instruct in theory, technique, and problem-solving.
Nejron Photo // Shutterstock
#87. Business and economics
Business and economics, the study of trade and finance, is a double major that equips a graduate for several careers, including senior financial analyst, chief finance officer, and chief operating officer. Those with this double major find well-paying jobs in market research organizations, consulting firms, investment institutions, merger and acquisition departments, and insurance companies.
#86. Telecommunications engineering
Telecommunications engineering entails designing, maintaining, and troubleshooting data, voice, video, and image systems. Graduates have jobs setting up network systems or installing fiber optic cable, and work for telecom companies, government agencies, or consulting firms. Available in associate, bachelor's, or master's degrees, majors in the subject learn computer programming and networking through studying digital electronics and satellite transmission, among other specialties.
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ShutterOK // Shutterstock
#85. Finance and marketing
A double major in finance and marketing prepares graduates to become investment bankers, hedge fund managers, and medical sales representatives, among other roles. Common coursework for the program includes personal and business finance, consumer behavior, professional selling, market research and planning, and investment analysis. Professionals who have studied this double major report having successful careers.
#84. Information and decision sciences
By combining technology and business, a major in information and decision sciences can attain the title of business analyst, data quality specialist, and business intelligence developer, among others. Graduates gain skills to analyze emerging technologies, use computer programs, and design and update operating systems.
#82. International economics (tie)
International economics is the study of global trade and finance and its worldwide effect. By predicting production, transaction, and multilateral trade negotiations, majors in the subject become government or global organization analysts and consultants, or work in the finance industry. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports most economics majors in the private sector have either a master's degree or doctorate, but entry-level jobs in a federal agency only require a bachelor's degree.
#78. Entrepreneurship and marketing (tie)
Building launch-ready businesses are what entrepreneurship and marketing majors do best. Required skills include product development, merchandise management, and business planning. From bootstrapping to brand-building, majors must be able to take financial risks with their own business ventures to succeed. New venture formation and buyer behavior are examples of courses majors study to graduate.
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#78. Engineering science (tie)
Engineering science alumni become researchers, electronic technicians, and field engineers, among other related occupations. Common major courses include cell and molecular biology, nanoengineering, quantum electronics, and thermodynamics of materials. Engineering science graduates are guaranteed employment in several states, including Washington, Minnesota, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island.
indukas // Shutterstock
#78. International business and finance (tie)
International business and finance majors learn to manage money on a worldwide scale. By learning international law, corporate governance, and capital markets, majors can become venture capitalists, management consultants, investment bankers, financial accountants, and financial analysts. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that business and financial employment is growing faster than the average for all jobs, with an expected 7% growth between 2018–2028.
#78. Materials science and engineering (tie)
A materials science and engineering degree combines the study of the structure and chemical properties of all types of materials, including metals, glass, polymers, graphites, plastics, and ceramics. While the Bureau of Labor Statistics separates materials scientists, who study substance interaction on atomic and molecular levels, from materials engineers, who develop and test substances, both professions earn a considerable median income.
nevodka // Shutterstock
#77. Industrial engineering
An industrial engineering degree prepares graduates to oversee various aspects of large-scale projects, including quality control, labor, cost analysis, logistics, material flow, and more. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that many industrial engineers have a degree in a specific field, including mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, and manufacturing engineering. An expanding health care system will probably produce a higher demand for industrial engineers in professional, scientific, and consulting businesses.
#76. Mechanical engineering
Mechanical engineering is the design and development of tools, devices, and machinery, which requires strong science, math, mechanical, and critical thinking skills. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports up to a 4% growth in mechanical engineering employment until 2028, such as in the automotive manufacturing industry. With a doctorate, mechanical engineers can participate in research and development programs as well as teach the subject at the university level.
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#75. Physician assistant studies
Physician assistant studies prepares majors for a career in the medical field. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that most in the field require a master's degree. This industry is forecasted to grow by up to 31% by 2028, making it an appealing choice for those interested in job security. Strong listening, critical thinking, and deductive and inductive reasoning skills are required for graduates, who become assistants in examining, testing, diagnosing, and treating patients.
Ohiodominican // Wikimedia Commons
#74. Construction engineering management
Offered in both undergraduate and graduate levels, construction engineering management is the combination of technology and science to reinforce construction framework on a wide range of large-scale projects, including airport design, roadways, bridges, and water waste management systems, or smaller residential and commercial structures. Majors who work in the field are well-versed in government codes, regulations, and laws for site inspections. They also have strong active listening and critical thinking skills to work with other officials.
Jat306 // Shutterstock
#73. Physics and astronomy
While reaching the stars from a salary standpoint requires a doctorate, graduates with a bachelor's degree in physics and astronomy can find work in a variety of fields, both within the government and private sectors. Coursework includes extensive math, statistics, and science training to learn how matter interacts with energy.
#72. Physics and mathematics
Solving problems in physics by using mathematical equations is the primary study path of physics and mathematics majors. There are a variety of career paths to pursue, including chemical and civil engineering, biophysics, and aerospace engineering. The wide scope of careers, as well as advancements in technology, have projected job growth in both math and physics fields looking favorable.
#71. Physics
Understanding energy and matter and how they relate through space and time is the goal of those pursuing a degree in physics. There are plenty of options for graduates in physics, from teaching in a high school to understanding the origins of the universe. Students will graduate with skills in advanced math, quantum mechanics, electromagnetism, and thermodynamics.
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#69. Business analysis (tie)
Efficiency is the primary goal of a graduate with a degree in business analysis, from improving software to streamlining production processes. The need for these professionals is expected to grow rapidly in the next decade—especially within the health care and IT fields—as more businesses look to control costs. Successful graduates take a range of classes, including math, business, finance, and IT.
#69. Computer and information science (tie)
Treating the computer as a tool to find innovative solutions to complex problems falls to the computer and information science grads. Students will leave with a firm grasp of network security, computer programming, and software design. The job market for those completing a four-year degree is strong, with careers in software development expected to grow 21% over the next 10 years.
#68. Statistics
Descriptive statistics relates to the numbers found within a data set or population, while inferential statistics is using small sets of data to make inferences about larger populations. The need for statisticians is expected to grow rapidly, at 31%, over the next decade because of increased demand in health care and business. Computer programming, physics, and engineering courses are a part of this path of study.
#67. Operations management and information systems
An operations management and information major will have strong skills in design systems, research, learning strategies, oral and written communication, math, and science. After graduation, majors who focus on production and operations management and information services can become inventory managers, materials controllers, and risk analysts.
#65. Bioengineering
The study of biological systems and biomedical technologies, bioengineering is the leading concentration required to become a biomedical engineer. Students use math, engineering, and science to conduct experiments and design systems on a multidisciplinary level. This major is also available as a graduate degree, which leads to higher annual income.
astro_matt // Wikimedia Commons
#64. Petroleum land management
Finding and buying land rights for oil and natural gas companies falls under the purview of petroleum land management. Professionals in this field discover ownership rights and negotiate leases or purchases for the purpose of drilling for oil. Knowing how to read zoning maps and investigate property deeds are two skills petroleum land managers will learn.
#62. Applied mathematics (tie)
Students in applied mathematics will learn how to use equations in their studies to find solutions to engineering and science problems. The field is expected to explode over the next decade, growing at a rate of 30%, bolstered by a surge in data storage. There are a wide range of fields to enter upon graduation, including finance, business, engineering, and government.
#61. Engineering
A bachelor's degree in engineering prepares students for a life designing, inspecting, and testing a wide variety of products, from airports to zippers. The median salary for an engineer in 2020 was $83,160. The demand for well-trained engineers is expected to accelerate in the coming years, as the country looks to update infrastructure and develop new energy systems.
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#59. Electronics and communications engineering (tie)
Electronics engineering covers the design and manufacturing of electronic devices, from smartphones and televisions, to GPS systems and portable music players. The curriculum will encompass math, physics, circuit theory, and systems design, opening the graduate up for jobs in computers and government, among others. While the career path is expected to grow more slowly than average over the next 10 years, the research and development of new technologies will drive much of that growth.
#59. Mining engineering (tie)
Extracting coal and other metals in the safest manner is what mining engineering students are preparing for in their careers. Reduction in mining of coal, and businesses hiring engineering firms as opposed to employing their own, has growth projected at just 3% over the next decade. The future of mining may be beyond the confines of the planet, with the Colorado School of Mines being the first to offer a space resources course for extracting precious metals from asteroids and other bodies in outer space.
#58. Materials science
Materials science majors study materials such as rubbers, metals, and glass, and look for ways to strengthen them or bind them together to form stronger substances. Semiconductor manufacturing is among the most lucrative jobs for a materials scientist, while research and development employs the most professionals in the field. A large part of the curriculum is chemistry, which is used to study material at its most basic level to alter it to suit a need.
#57. Biomedical engineering
A degree in biomedical engineering entails taking many of the same courses needed to graduate from medical school. Biomedical engineering students can take several paths within the discipline, including medical imaging, nanotechnologies, genetic engineering, or prosthetics. An increasing aging population will help increase the demand for biomedical engineers.
UC Davis College of Engineering // Wikimedia Commons
#56. Computer science
Computer science majors delve into the world of designing, developing, and applying computer software. Software developer is a common career for a graduate with a computer science degree, a field that is expected to grow at 21% over the next decade, about four times the national average. A four-year degree will prepare grads with advanced math skills in calculus, statistics, and algorithms, as well as a slew of computer courses, including computer theory, information management, and design physics.
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#55. Optical science and engineering
A major in optical science and engineering goes on to a career in optical design, fabrication, instrumentation, and communications. Optical engineers must have strong skills in math, physics, manual dexterity, and problem-solving. They should also be versed in optical design/analysis tools, such as Zemax, Code V or Trace Pro, and be able to use a variety of scientific and laboratory equipment.
ESO // Wikimedia Commons
#54. Industrial and systems engineering
Industrial and systems engineering students specifically focus on productivity and quality improvement. They improve a business' workflow by looking at people, product, and process to maximize efficiency. Employment in this sector is expected to grow 10% from 2019 to 2021, a rate above the national average, thanks to growing needs in the health care and automation industries.
#53. Accounting and economics
Double majoring in accounting and economics combines the accounting's skills of preparing financial documents and tax statements with economics' understanding of markets and forecasting future decisions. Both professions individually are expected to grow at, or slightly above, the national average, while combining them only enhances job prospects.
#51. Aeronautical/aerospace engineering technology (tie)
A degree in aeronautical/aerospace engineering technology teaches students the skills to design and build aircraft and spacecraft. Combining math, science, and engineering prepares graduates for careers in airframe design, logistics, or integration engineering. Growth in the field is projected to be sluggish due to the slowing of manufacturing.
#51. Materials engineering (tie)
Though the job outlook for college majors with a materials engineering degree is slight, growing 2% between 2019–2029, the early to mid-career pay ranks as one of the highest for young professionals. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the 2020 median pay for professionals is $95,640 annually, equaling $45.98 per hour. College majors learn how to design and test materials for the creation of products.
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#50. Metallurgical engineering
Transforming metal from ore into finished material falls under the direction of a metallurgical engineer. A subset of materials engineering, metallurgists can enhance their job prospects by taking computer modeling classes or gaining certifications. The field is expected to see little to no growth in the next decade—especially in manufacturing—while new medical and scientific products will help keep metallurgical engineers in demand.
#49. Electrical and electronics engineering
Learning how to design and manufacture electronic and electrical devices, along with computers and their components, is the goal of electrical and electronics engineering majors. Telecommunications, power generation, and the biomedical field are just a few of the career paths graduates can strive to attain. This job market is expected to slow in the next decade for owing to a downturn in manufacturing, but technological advancements and updates to the nation's power grid should help offset losses.
#48. Bioscience
Bioscience encompasses several majors, including marine biology, animal science, and biomedical engineering. Separating organic and inorganic solutions and DNA extraction are just two skills graduates will have, on top of extensive math, science, and lab work. Graduates can find work in a variety of fields, including genetic counselor, pharmaceutical sales, biochemistry, and more.
#47. Computer science and mathematics
Combining computer science and mathematics can lead to a lucrative career as a software developer, programmer, or research scientist. The job outlook for these majors is fairly strong, with the Bureau of Labor Statistics predicting 16% growth for researchers, and 21% for developers. Additional certifications can help enhance job prospects and boost starting salary.
#46. Chemical and biomolecular engineering
Fusing molecular biology, biophysical chemistry, and chemical engineering to create new products is the main area of expertise for a chemical and biomolecular engineer. Biomolecular engineers have a hand in everything, from life-saving pharmaceuticals to innovations in the food industry. This field is expected to see steady growth over the next decade.
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#44. Astronomy (tie)
Astronomy majors prepare to unlock the mysteries of the universe, and unlike most sciences where lab work is imperative, astronomers use mostly observation and math. Skills in physics, cosmology, and math are needed to observe, chart, and track celestial bodies as they move across the night sky. A bachelor's degree in astronomy points graduates toward careers in fields like telescope operator or research assistant, while a doctorate is generally preferred to work in an academic setting as an astronomer.
#44. Mechanical and aeronautical engineering (tie)
Understanding how to build, fix, and maintain machinery falls to a mechanical engineer, while those who add aeronautical engineering to their major focus on airplanes, missiles, and weapons systems. Skills learned during this four-year degree include extensive math, physics, drafting, and computer courses. Both types of engineering are expected to grow at about the national average for the next decade, while combining the two can push a candidate to the top of the hiring list.
#43. Ocean engineering
Ocean engineers study the relationship and interaction between engineered systems and bodies of water. Unlike oceanographers who study natural occurrences, engineers design vessels and instruments to explore the depths of the oceans, which are less understood than the surface of Mars. Knowledge of robotic design, underwater acoustics, and geomechanics are just a few of the skills graduates attain.
Wojciech Litwin // Wikimedia Commons
#42. Aerospace engineering
Aerospace engineering prepares graduates to design aircraft, including planes, missiles, and satellites. A downturn in manufacturing dampens the job outlook for graduates with an aerospace engineering degree, but a push toward the development of smaller satellites and unmanned aircraft should help offset that. Seeking additional training in computer languages, as well as structural engineering, can help job prospects.
Gorodenkoff // Shutterstock
#40. Computational and applied mathematics (tie)
Computational and applied mathematics involves creating and using mathematical models to solve complex science and engineering problems. A strong foundation in math, science, and engineering is required for a graduate to find success in a wide range of potential careers, including actuaries, forensic science, and teaching.
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#40. Marine transportation management (tie)
Training officer, deck cadet, merchant marine, third mate, and seaman are some of the job titles these college majors have. Marine and other transportation management jobs have been on the uprise since 2004, averaging 0.41% growth annually. Ziprecruiter reports marine transportation jobs and annual salary vary, noting career growth is directly related to skill and location.
#39. Instrumentation and control engineering
Instrumentation and control engineering majors will learn how to measure and control variables like temperature, pressure, and flow in a system. Knowledge of mathematics and physics, as well as engineering, are critical for success in the field. While the job outlook for engineers is declining, instrumentation engineers are critical to setting up and maintaining automated systems, which are always in demand.
#37. Geophysics (tie)
While a master's degree is preferred among many employers, graduates with a bachelor's degree in geophysics have a firm understanding of the planet's physical properties and use physics to study the earth's magnetic, gravitational, and electric fields. Emerging energy technologies, like wind and geothermal energies, will help keep geophysicists employed.
#37. Pharmacology (tie)
Pharmacology majors become clinical research associates, staff nurses, and pharmacist technicians, among other related occupations. Drug interaction study involves several courses, including toxicology, pharmacokinetics, biochemical proliferation and differentiation, and apoptosis. The three top states for pharmacology majors are Delaware, Pennsylvania, and Alaska.
#35. Cognitive science (tie)
Cognitive science involves studying how the brain processes information, learns, and behaves. A wide range of potential careers awaits those with a bachelor's degree in cognitive science, including marketing and teaching, as well as game and web development. Attaining a master's degree or doctorate in the field can greatly enhance job prospects by honing skills like psychology, biology, and chemistry.
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#35. Control engineering (tie)
Control engineers combine math and mechanical engineering to design and implement automation or processing systems. Upon graduation, passing an exam to become an engineer-in-training is a must to get started. Control engineering is an offshoot of mechanical engineering, a field that is predicted to grow by 4% over the next decade. Keeping up with technological advances can help prospective employment.
#33. Economics and mathematics (tie)
Mathematical economists solve complex economic problems using principles of algebra, calculus, and statistics, and form models to predict future performance. Mathematical economists rely on quantitative methods, and advanced knowledge of computer modeling can help set job candidates apart when looking for work in finance, government, or education.
GaudiLab // Shutterstock
#33. Electrical engineering (tie)
Electrical engineers design and maintain electrical equipment, and require extensive training in math, science, and engineering. Despite slower job growth than average, learning new technologies can give grads an advantage in the job market, as research and development provide steady work. Passing an exam to become an engineer-in-training is a must, while work experience and further state licensing are needed to become a professional engineer.
#31. Foreign affairs (tie)
Earning a degree in foreign affairs earns students knowledge of the ins and outs of foreign and domestic policy, including trade policy and public relations. Graduates can seek careers in government as diplomats or intelligence officers, or in the private sector working for international banks or businesses. Additional language skills are a plus for graduates seeking to reach the top of the applicant list.
#31. Welding engineering (tie)
Using heat and pressure to fuse two pieces of metal into one as a welding engineer requires skills in computer design, math, and chemistry, among others. After graduating, four years of work experience is required before taking a state licensure exam to become a professional engineer. Joining professional organizations, such as the American Welding Society or the Edison Welding Institute can enhance job prospects for entry-level candidates, who can find work in shipyards, oil rigs, or research laboratories.
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#30. Quantitative economics
A specialized field of economics, quantitative economics incorporates statistics along with math to predict future economic conditions. The demand for economists is expected to grow slightly faster than average over the next decade, but the highly competitive nature of the field means grads should consider pursuing a master's degree. Learning additional statistical analysis software can help those obtaining a bachelor's degree enhance their job prospects.
#28. Building science
Designing the next generation of buildings that meet the needs of safety, human comfort, and environmental demands is the goal of a building science major. This study combines the skills learned in architecture and construction management and building science majors can expect a job market projected to grow by 10% in the next decade. While a master's degree is preferred to earn more, those with bachelor's degrees will attain skills in economics, physics, and construction technology.
#27. Econometrics
Econometrics entails using existing financial data to either test existing economic hypotheses or predict future performance. Graduates can find work in a variety of fields, including banking, investment, government, and academics, with the Bureau of Labor Statistics predicting above-average job growth in the next decade.
#26. Computer engineering
A computer engineering degree fuses computer science with electronic engineering, leaving grads equipped to design, develop, and monitor systems. As more common household products integrate computers and microchips, the demand for computer engineers promises to increase over the next decade despite the slowing of manufacturing. Math, science, keeping up with emerging technologies, and ongoing accreditation is imperative to getting ahead in the job market.
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#25. Electrical and computer engineering
Working on updated power grids, chemical sensors, and implantable devices are all tasks electrical and computer engineering majors perform. While the electrical side of the major teaches wireless communication and information processing, the computer side educates students on software verification and embedded systems. Job growth for the major until 2029 is expected to be 3%.
#24. Corporate accounting and finance
Corporate accounting and finance majors primarily become financial managers for large-scale companies. Before becoming chief financial officers, graduates study capital budgeting, finance practicum, multinational financial management, and cost accounting, among other courses.
#23. Computer science and engineering
Combining computer science and engineering gets students ready for all aspects of building computer hardware and software. Focusing on software can offer better job prospects since the field is constantly changing, though hardware engineers make slightly more. Adding government clearances and professional certifications can enhance a graduate's pay and chances of finding a job.
#22. Nuclear engineering
Designing and developing instruments and equipment related to the harnessing of nuclear power and radiation falls to nuclear engineering professionals. Graduates can find work with the government, in construction, or within the medical field, while a third are employed in electric power generation. Knowledge of computer programs, like LINUX, Oracle Java, and C++, among others, can enhance job prospects and pay.
#21. Computer systems engineering
How computers integrate into business and personal lives is the most important function of a computer systems engineer. To do that, these majors learn to combine skills in math, computer science, and engineering to examine and test circuits, software, and hardware. A good portion of the professionals in this field work in California.
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#20. Marine engineering
Marine engineering majors learn about all the internal components of a ship, from steering and power, to refrigeration and lighting. To graduate, students master aspects of calculus, chemistry, physics, mechanical engineering, and algebra. Over the next decade, there is a projected 1% growth rate for jobs as marine engineers, who often spend a semester on the water.
#18. Operations and information systems management (tie)
Maximizing the efficiency with which goods and services enter and exit a business is the goal of an effective operations manager. Fusing information systems management into the equation enhances job prospects by teaching students the ins and outs of the IT industry, allowing for total oversight over operations. IT professionals are in high demand, and employment opportunities for these majors are expected to grow faster than the national average over the next decade.
#18. Political economics (tie)
Knowing how political and economic variables interact while shaping public policy can lead to a career in government policy or financial planning. A political economy degree can also be a stepping stone to a career in law, as a foreign policy specialist, or a legal advisor. The job outlook for graduates depends on the field they enter: Political scientists expect a 2% decline in jobs, while financial planners will see a 16% increase.
#17. Aeronautical engineering
Aeronautical engineers focus on aircraft, studying their design and the effects of aerodynamics on performance. A subset of aerospace engineering, this profession will see slow growth in the next decade as manufacturing declines, but advances in fuel technology and reduction of noise pollution should help employment numbers. Additional training in software like C++, along with a focus on structural engineering, can help job prospects.
#16. Information and computer science
Using both concrete and abstract principles, information and computer science majors learn to solve problems and explore new areas using computers. Graduates will leave school with the ability to create algorithms, understand different programming languages, and utilize artificial intelligence, data mining, and security skills. The need for these professionals is expected to grow at a rate well above the national average, although obtaining a master's degree is a wise choice to further enhance job prospects.
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#15. Actuarial science
Assessing risk within a particular industry falls under the purview of an actuarial science graduate, who uses math and statistics. Insurance companies are the primary employers of actuaries, who help create rates on premiums from life to car insurances. The field is expected to grow rapidly in the next decade, while adding business and analytics courses can help boost graduates' prospects in what's becoming a highly competitive job market.
#14. Chemical engineering
Skills in math and multiple scientific disciplines are required for a career as a chemical engineer, and graduates will be prepared to tackle issues related to chemical manufacturing. Choosing to focus on a certain discipline, like nanomaterials or oxidation, can give job-seekers a bump in both prospects and pay, as the profession will grow at an average rate. A push toward domestic natural gas and oil will maintain the need for chemical engineers.
#12. Actuarial mathematics
Actuaries use math and statistics to analyze and assess financial risk for a business, usually in the finance or insurance fields. The field is relatively small, but competitive, and is expected to explode in the next decade at a rate of 20%. Graduates who pass two actuarial exams and have gained valuable internship experience in college in addition to possessing exceptional business skills, will set themselves apart while seeking a job.
TaLaNoVa // Shutterstock
#10. Systems engineering
Systems engineers will finish their four-year degree with the ability to build and manage complex systems, including people, equipment, and software for a variety of businesses. Aside from strong interpersonal and management skills, a systems engineer will possess high mathematics and information security acumen. The International Council on Systems Engineering offers a number of certifications for graduates to enhance their job prospects in this growing field.
#9. Aeronautics and astronautics
Aeronautics and astronautics involves learning the design, manufacturing, and testing of everything that flies in the skies—aeronautics, and beyond the Earth's atmosphere— astronautics. The job outlook for graduates with a degree in the field is average, with the Bureau of Labor Statistics projecting 3% growth by 2029. Proficiency in math, science, and engineering is a must for obtaining an entry-level position, while additional training in computer software can enhance an applicant's prospects.
ALPA PROD // Shutterstock
#8. Pharmacy
Becoming a full-fledged pharmacist requires a bachelor's degree and a doctorate in pharmacy. Four-year grads undertake an intensive study of biology and chemistry, while learning about the production and manufacture of pharmaceuticals. The need for professionals in this field is expected to increase rapidly over the next decade, as a growing elderly population creates a rise in demand within the health care industry.
#7. Quantitative business analysis
Helping businesses make smart financial decisions by analyzing data falls under the guise of graduates with degrees in quantitative business analysis. Careers in this type of finance are in high demand, with the ability to value securities, identify investment opportunities, and even develop computer software. Graduates with a degree in the field will have a strong command of mathematics and statistics, while advanced computer skills are becoming more important for finding a higher-paying job.
#6. Chemical engineering/materials science and engineering
The joint major provides a good chance for graduates to find employment in either field, or ones that require knowledge of both. Materials science and engineering students will learn the properties of materials like ceramics, plastics, and metals, while chemical engineers solve complex problems by using math and multiple science disciplines. Combining the two majors, along with study in computer modeling, can help bump early career pay, which is already near the top among professions on this list.
You may also like: Best jobs that require a bachelor's degree
#5. Public accounting
Public accountants offer financial services to businesses and people, like preparing tax documents, auditing financial statements, and providing consulting services. Graduating with a bachelor's degree isn't enough to find a job in this growing field, as becoming a Certified Public Accountant requires passing an industry exam, ethics exam, and being supervised by a CPA for six months to two years.
#3. Applied economics and management (tie)
Applied economics and management majors use economic models to predict financial outcomes based on the decisions of a business or individual. Micro and macroeconomics, statistics, advanced algebra, and finance are just a few of the skills necessary to succeed in the field, which is expected to see solid growth in the next decade. Graduates can find work in public policy, private business, and as financial planners, among other paths.
#3. Operations research (tie)
The need for increased efficiency among businesses has the demand for operations research analysts projected to grow by 25% in the next decade. Students in the program will learn how to apply practical solutions to complex business problems, using math and statistical analysis to make informed decisions. Since these analysts are needed in a variety of business settings, adding additional specializations, like computer programming, political science, or economics can enhance job prospects.
#2. Electrical engineering and computer science
– Early career pay: $101,200
There are a wide range of careers for a graduate with a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering and computer science that all involve knowing the workings of both software and hardware for electronic devices. Jobs with this degree vary, from software design for major companies like Facebook, Apple, and Google, to creating systems for the aeronautical field. A firm understanding of computer languages, mathematics, and logic are critical to success, while continued education and certifications can advance job prospects.
#1. Petroleum engineering
Finding and removing oil and natural gas from the Earth falls under the well-paid direction of petroleum engineers. They analyze, design, and implement plans for extraction when a reservoir is found, requiring skills in math, science, mechanical engineering, and physics. The push toward renewable and clean energy may have an adverse effect on job prospects for graduates with a bachelor's degree in petroleum engineering, though additional certifications and cooperative programs can boost job prospects.
You may also like: 50 most physical jobs in America
branislavpudar // Shutterstock
This article originally ran on stacker.com.
Published at Thu, 13 May 2021 16:30:00 +0000
New Meijer opens in Westfield
Kourtney Kardashian Just Tattooed 'I Love You' on Boyfriend Travis Barker's Arm


text:
Q: how to check if page finished loading in RSelenium Imagine that you click on an element using RSelenium on a page and would like to retrieve the results from the resulting page. How does one check to make sure that the resulting page has loaded? I can insert Sys.sleep() in between processing the page and clicking the element but this seems like a very ugly and slow way to do things.

A: Set ImplicitWaitTimeout and then search for an element on the page. From ?remoteDriver

setImplicitWaitTimeout(milliseconds = 10000)
Set the amount of time
the driver should wait when searching for elements. When searching for
a single element, the driver will poll the page until an element is
found or the timeout expires, whichever occurs first. When searching
for multiple elements, the driver should poll the page until at least
one element is found or the timeout expires, at which point it will
return an empty list. If this method is never called, the driver will
default to an implicit wait of 0ms.

A: In the RSelenium reference manual (http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/RSelenium/RSelenium.pdf), you will find the method setTimeout() for the remoteDriver class:

setTimeout(type = "page load", milliseconds = 10000)
Configure the amount of time that a particular type of operation can execute for before they are aborted and a |Timeout| error is returned to the client.
type: The type of operation to set the timeout for. Valid values are: "script" for script timeouts, "implicit" for modifying the implicit wait timeout and "page load" for setting a page load timeout. Defaults to "page load"
milliseconds: The amount of time, in milliseconds, that time-limited commands are permitted to run. Defaults to 10000 milliseconds.

This seems to suggests that remDr$setTimeout() after remDr$navigate("...") would actually wait for the page to load, or return a timeout error after 10 seconds.

A: you can also try out this code that waits for the browser to provide whether page loaded or not.
objExecutor = (JavascriptExecutor) objDriver;
if (!objExecutor.executeScript("return document.readyState").toString()
    .equalsIgnoreCase("complete")){
    Thread.sleep(1000);
}

You can simply put it in your base page so you wont need to write it down in every pageobjects. I have never tried it out with any AJAX enabled sites, but this might help you and your scenario dependency will also get away.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
Thoughts I had while watching "The Bus that Couldn't Slow Down" (1994, de Bont)
hapgilmore
Got the blu-ray for 5 bucks from Target, hadn't seen the movie in probably 13 years.
First off, it is a pretty awesome action flick that holds up really well 15 years later. But I noticed some interesting things while watching it...
1) Can Jerry Bruckheimer and Michael Bay give some credit to this movie? This clearly influenced every one of their movies in the 90's/early 00's. Everything from the cinematography, to the comic relief, to the action, to the music...which brings me to my next thought...
2) Are Mark Mancina and Trevor Rabin the same person? Their scores sound the exact same. This was the score that Mancina and Rabin basically did slightly different riffs on for every Bruckheimer/Bay movie they did. Amazing how similar they all sound, yet still remain effective for each film.
3) What the hell happened to Jan De Bont? His career went on a downward spiral of suck (this to Twister to Speed 2 to The Haunting to Tomb Raider 2). Twister was good but everything after...just terrible. You would think that after making such a good debut with Speed, he would have gone on to be very successful, but alas, not the case.
Anyways feel free to share your comments/thoughts.
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DVD Talk Reviewer
re: Thoughts I had while watching "The Bus that Couldn't Slow Down" (1994, de Bont)
That's a good question about De Bont. His films were all profitable, despite many being critically bashed. Post 2003 he seems to have disappeared completely from Hollywood.
I did hear one story that Spielberg made a mockery of him by removing him from the director's chair on Minority Report and personally taking the film over.
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if you get a chance, watch the movie with the commentary track w/ Ghram Yhost, and Mark Gordon. Its funny as hell, they point out some of the plot holes and scenes that defy the laws of physiscs, and they proudly state that they had nothing to do with Speed 2
My Other Self
Location: Sacramento, Calif.
The 5-Star Edition DVD was fantastic. Makes me regret I sold it.
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Troy Stiffler
Location: Under an I-10 Overpass
Mancina and Rabin are fine by me. They're just two guys who infuse a traditional orchestra and electronic sounds, with some guitar in there. My favorite Mancina score is Bad Boys. My favorite Rabin score is probably Enemy of the State (only 30% of the tracks are really good by themselves, but they're really, really good).
Since Die Hard, Jan de Bont's camerwork has been defining. Everything has a reason to be there. And, compared to Bay and the newest wave of action flicks, it's very restrained. Yet never dull. It's like they just place the camera there, in a traditional fashion, and then the action needs to be really good, because it's still the centerpiece. We only get one or maybe two movies like this per a year.
Twister is an enjoyable flick and made $100mil+. Speed 2 was a misfire. The Haunting was a short, dumb movie, and ... almost forgotten (I really did forget about it). And Tomb Raider 2 was as good as a Tomb Raider movie could be, and is superior to the first.
I never knew that about Minority Report. Did the shoot start with de Bont? I think it's one of Speilberg's strongest movies.
Visit Troy Stiffler's homepage!
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d2cheer
Just watched this last night myself with my son! Small world.
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Originally Posted by Boba Fett
I heard a similar story about Poltergeist.
Find More Posts by dugan
Originally Posted by dugan
It was Tobe Hooper on POLTERGEIST, not Jan de Bont.
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RichC2
That's obvious, but Spielberg still basically took over the show with Poltergeist.
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Tom Creo
Speed=Die Hard on a bus. Still, Keanu, Bullock, and Hopper make this very enjoyable.
Bruckheimer was doing this formula since Beverly Hills Cop.
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clckworang
Location: The toe nail of Texas
Eh, Speed was just too silly for me.
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MLBFan24
Speed 2 is my favorite bad movie. Or I just love cruises
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tylergfoster
Speed is a pretty entertaining movie, although I find it doesn't hold up as well as any of the Die Hard movies for me, which it is clearly modeled on (pretend Bonnie Bedelia is the bus driver and Reginald VelJohnson is either the Joe Morton or Jeff Daniels character and you have a "lost" Die Hard 3). I agree that the commentary track with the writers is excellent.
I saw Speed 2 for the first time a year or so ago, and I didn't really think it was nearly as bad as people were claiming. Not really that good either, but I feel like a) people were hyping up Speed to be better than it was and b) the film is trapped in a void -- once Keanu Reeves passed on the project, the focus inevitably shifted towards Bullock, but the script doesn't play like it was rewritten and the movie needs to be more definitive about whether she or Jason Patric is the hero.
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jdslater1
The thing that gets me about about Speed is that it was made for about $30 million!
I would hate to think how much that would cost nowadays, even if they could in LA.
It has got a number of very cool shots in that film.
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Speed is a great, great action movie. I watch it about every year or so, and it never gets old. More exhilarating than any of the Die Hard films.
"More exhilarating"? I don't know about that one. lol
maingon
Location: Traverse City, MI
he did a good job with Tomb Raider 2, I thought that was a decent movie much better then the first one. as for as The Haunting, it did have Catherine Zeta Jones when she was in her prime ( Entrapment/Mask of Zorro) she was extremely smoking then, still is hot today but those years wow.
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Location: San Diego, Calif
I saw Speed for the first time since high school a couple of months back and was surprised at how poorly it had aged. Typically the films and television I enjoyed in high school are still enjoyable to the 30-something version of me, but Speed had all of the usual cornball dialogue of a B action movie without any of the humor or common-denominator humanity of Die Hard or DH3.
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JeffTheAlpaca
One guy probably agrees with you
This man has a serious need for "Speed."
Ryan Beitz, of Pullman, Wash., is trying to collect every single copy of the movie "Speed" ever made on VHS.
He's calling his efforts "The World Speed Project," and already owns more than 550 copies of the 1994 movie starring Keanu Reeves and Sandra Bullock trying to save a bus from exploding.
Beitz bought the first few copies in a pawn shop as prank Christmas gifts, and now, just like the bus in the movie, can't stop.
"I realized it was really fascinating to have that many, like, same copies of a thing," Beitz told Vice.com of his unusual endeavor. "What really cemented it was when I went to another pawn shop, and they had, like, 30 copies. I said, 'I'll take them all.' They sold them to me for 11 cents a copy."
Now he's even running a Kickstarter campaign to fix up his 15-passenger van to look just like the bus in the movie so he can tour the collection around the nation in super "Speed"-style.
http://gma.yahoo.com/blogs/abc-blogs...vies.html?vp=1
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Why So Blu?
He's a loser and a nut.
Visit Why So Blu?'s homepage!
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TomOpus
So the $2,500 he needs is to make the Dodge Ramvan driveable plus a paintjob to resemble the bus. He's almost halfway to his goal.
The Kickstarter rewards are pretty lame (Big surprise) but amusing. It was interesting that there is one reward where 10 people will receive a laserdisc copy of the movie from his personal collection.
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That guy up above is going to fail. There's a VHS copy in the basement of my parents house, and now that I know this doofus is looking for them, I'm never giving up that copy.
Re: the OP - Bruckheimer was making movies like SPEED long before SPEED came out. See: Beverly Hills Cop, Beverly Hills Cop 2, Top Gun, and Days of Thunder. Now, if you want to talk Michael Bay, that's a different story, as Bad Boys DID come out a year after Speed, and it was really his first big hit.
RocShemp
Originally Posted by JeffTheAlpaca
Is that what xage looks like?
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Location: In the straps of boots
Originally Posted by RocShemp
I love this movie. I remember buying it on VHS when it came out because I wasn't able to see it in the theatre. I think I watched it 2 or 3 times that night, and probably 30+ times in the subsequent years. Now, I can't remember the last time I gave the 5-star DVD a spin.
Fuck yeah. I'm going to watch this tonight.
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Location: Conducting miss-aisle drills and listening to their rock n roll
550 copies. He's got a long way to go.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: MSSQL Database Replication to MySQL I have MSSQL 2005 server and I have MySQL database in intranet.
I want to replicate some tables from MSSQL database to MySQL database.
I have created ODBC licnked server and have successfully created transactional publication and I have manually created exactly same tables in MySQL and replication seems to be working.
The reason why I have manually created tables in MySQL is because there was a problem creating keys and indexes from within replication from MSSQL. What happens is when replication runs
it converts varchar(200) field into MySQL varchar which this field becomes mediumtext in MySQL Table and show an error when trying to create a primary key or index. How should I configure the publication to  create exact copy of table fields with correct length in MySQL?
I have MySQL ODBC 5.1 driver installed on server.
EDIT:
When I see MySQL.Log file it shows query
CREATE TABLE `Inventory`(
    `SKU`   long varchar NOT NULL,

which becomes mediumtext in MySQL database afterward. That show error something l ike
BLOB/TEXT column 'SKU' used in key specification without a key length

in MSSQL replication job history. When I look into table in MySQL the Field type for 'SKU' is mediumtext.

A: You can probably use SQuirreL SQL client (in Java)  to export tables and then import them into MySQL via JDBC .   I doubt there is a ODBC method of doing what you need.
Also, you could export the SQL database to a CSV file and then import to MySQL  using the command:
LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE C:\test.csv
INTO TABLE tbl_temp_data
FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
LINES TERMINATED BY '\r\n'

A: Set @schema_option = 0x000000000000000 for all articles so that SQL Server won't touch anything.

A: Also, don't use GUI when creating the publication, adding articles and creating subscriptions as it screws up everything.  Do everything manually using SQL script.


Raiser had a fearless expression.
Ordinary conversation between siblings. But, the Champion smiled deeply.
The Champion shook his head.
The Champion shook his head. His entire body released a mass of energy. The Champion's hand extended in front of him as he was ready to release an enormous amount of demonic energy. Sensing something, Ravel Phoenix stood in front to protect her brother, who was the [King].
A spear of demonic energy suddenly appeared from the side and pierced through Ravel Phoenix's abdomen. The demonic energy in the Champion's hands looked like it was just a feint. Ravel Phoenix who had received a fatal injury was bleeding from her abdomen. But, the game's emergency retiring mechanism when someone received a fatal injury did not activate. The Phoenix's special ability didn't respond, and his sister was simply lying flat on the ground; Raiser held her up.
He called her name but there was no response, and she remained still. The Champion shook his head.
The Belial family's special ability is [Worthless], and as its name implies, it will turn the opponent's special ability into something worthless for a short period of time. In this case, the Phoenix family's special ability [Immortality] became worthless, so Ravel Phoenix's regeneration was cancelled. In addition, at this time, just as the Champion said, the cave had a strange barrier. But at the time, no one was aware that the current situation was abnormal.
Raiser was silent. Anger was causing his body to tremble.
The Champion took something out of his pocket. Because it was confidential, a part of it was blurred out. The thing that the Champion took out had been edited. That matter is confidential.
The audio here is edited as it is highly confidential. After 'So she', the audio had been modified greatly.
The large creature with pale blue scales — the dragon asked the Champion.
Within the rules or special competitions of the rating games, when the worst imaginable situation occurs, certain emergency measures will be activated. For example, if players are forced to retire by transportation, but are unsuccessful, the referees will intervene in the game as a special case to handle the event. Starting from about one hundred and fifty years ago, that role was taken up by one of the five Dragon Kings — the Chaos Karma Dragon Tiamat. However, situations such as these are extremely rare, and it has only occurred twice in the past. The dragon Tiamat entered an offensive stance against the Champion.
Halfway through Diehauser Belial's sentence, in the instant that Ajuka Beelzebub opened his mouth, the video suddenly ended. Yes, the video broke off there.
This page was last edited on 1 February 2019, at 10:28.


Helping young people towards maturity demands that they be mature themselves. Without such maturity it is difficult to relate fully to the challenging behaviour of some adolescents. A relationship that is genuine, non-judgemental, compassionate, empathic and unconditionally loving is necessary in order to resolve conflicts that so often arise between parents, other adults and teenagers.
The authors emphasise that no matter how problematic a young person's behaviour may be, there is a cause or explanation; appreciation of this goes a long way towards helping young people to resolve that which is troubling them.
The book is structured so that each chapter stands on its own, allowing the reader to focus on specific issues that may arise in their own and their teenagers' lives.
Adolescence is about starting the process of becoming independent and self-reliant and, depending on the young person's experiences in infancy and childhood, the teenage years can be a rollercoaster of emotional highs and lows or a relatively smooth ride into maturity.
It is important to distinguish between being an adult and being mature; it is not the passing of years per se that brings about independence and self-reliance, and being of adult years is no guarantee of maturity. Children who move into their adolescent years with considerable fears, insecurities and doubts about their worth will find facing the challenges involved - emotional, social, sexual, intellectual, educational and career – very difficult. These adolescents will find powerful and creative ways of postponing or avoiding these challenges; they may be 'wild' in their presenting behaviours. Parents, teachers, and other concerned adults may view with alarm the young person's seemingly irresponsible and difficult behaviours, but it is the adult who possesses maturity, who will see a deeper reality that needs to be resolved for the troubled, and troubling, young people to progress towards self-realisation.
A belief that will echo throughout this book is that young people who present with challenging and difficult responses are not out to make life difficult for others, but they are trying to show how difficult life is for them; they are being 'wise'. Attention to what lies hidden behind their distressing responses is what is required for these teenagers to begin to make the progress towards mature adulthood that they, in their wisdom, want to make.
Regrettably, often the very adults who are best placed to respond to the wise manifestations of these teenagers are not in a mature place themselves. Adults who are in turmoil themselves cannot recognise the underlying wisdom and tend to respond to adolescents' troubling responses with blame, exasperation, aggression, over-protection, ridicule and, perhaps, denial. All of these responses mirror the inner insecurities of the adults and, sadly, their defensive responses serve only to escalate the distress being experienced by the young people around them. In this situation, teenagers will rightly feel that adults do not understand them and they are pushed further into seeking comfort and protection from their often equally troubled peers. Of course, what the teenagers cannot yet consciously see is that those parents, teachers and other adults who respond defensively to them need as much, and often more, understanding and help than the teenagers themselves.
This book seeks to help parents, and other significant adults in the lives of teenagers, to uncover the wisdom beneath troubled and troublesome behaviours exhibited by young people. The first step always is for the adults to become consciously aware of their own troubled and troublesome responses and to seek resolution of their own inner insecurities.
A not uncommon response on the part of parents, and other adults such as teachers, is to seek a psychiatric or psychological label for young people's challenging behaviours. The most common labels include attention deficit disorder, attention deficit with hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiance disorder, Asperger syndrome, obsessive compulsive disorder and dyslexia. The assumption is that these syndromes have their source in biochemical, neurological or genetic factors, and treatment often involves medication. But parents, and other concerned adults, need to be aware that there are other approaches to challenging behaviours that differ greatly from the 'disorder' model; approaches that focus on the overall psychosocial context of the young person's life. This book is based on the latter model and adopts the stance that all behaviour has meaning and purpose when understood in the context of the person's life story and the network of relationships in which she or he is involved. This book rests on psychological foundations that recognise that insecurities and vulnerabilities have their source in early relationships and, accordingly, it is through relationships that resolution occurs.
peers who recognise their fears and insecurities but peers are not in a position to provide what the young person most wants – unconditional love. In this book, we provide guidelines on the kind of unconditionally loving relating that children and young people need, in the various holding worlds of which they are part, if they are to feel safe to give open and real, rather than defensive, expression to the different dimensions of self – emotional, intellectual, behavioural, physical, sexual, social, creative and spiritual. The term 'holding world' refers to the network of relationships within a particular social context – starting with the womb and extending into family community, school, workplace and wider society. When adult, your own relationship with yourself becomes the ultimate holding world.
• sexual activity inappropriate for their age.
What parents and other adults often miss is that those adolescents who are over-dedicated to their studies, who thrive on success and who dread failure, who 'keep their head down' and never cause any trouble – adolescents who can be described as 'acting-in' their turmoil – are often more at risk than their 'acting-out' peers by missing out on vital emotional and social aspects of adolescent development. Sadly, because the 'acting-in' behaviours of conformity, addiction to success, and attempts to gain recognition through performance and achievements do not pose threats to the worlds of parents and teachers, these flags of inner turmoil are often flown in vain. Another flag of inner distress often flown in vain by young people is illness; illness usually being responded to solely in physical ways without recognition of the equally important need for emotional responsiveness.
In this book, we seek to help adults understand that every teenager has a unique life-story and that the protective strategies a particular teenager develops will match perfectly the particular circumstances of that life-story; flags of distress can look very different from one teenager to another – some will be of an 'acting-in' nature, some of an 'acting-out' nature and some will involve physical embodiment.
The book emphasises that in responding to teenagers' challenging behaviours, parents, teachers and other adults need to appreciate that no matter how difficult the young person's behaviour, it is creative and always makes sense. Appreciation of the wisdom of what is often termed 'problematic' behaviour by itself goes a long way towards helping the young person to resolve what is troubling him or her. Reactions such as judgement, condemnation, labelling, blaming or throwing up one's arms in despair, only pose further threats in the already unsafe holding world that is contributing to the adolescent turmoil. Parents, and other adults, are in a better position to respond with understanding and compassion when they understand and recognise the wisdom and meaning of their own defensive responses.
An important consideration when responding to the challenging behaviours of adolescents is to evaluate whether the presenting behaviours are 'new' or 'persistent'. It is inevitable that teenagers will experience 'new' difficulties as they become part of wider holding worlds. Most of these difficulties will resolve themselves through experiences of trial and error, peer support, the passage of time, and the encouragement and support of adults, particularly parents and teachers. When the difficulties are of a 'persistent' nature - stretching back into childhood and continuing into adolescence – then it is a more serious matter that urgently requires compassionate and determined responsiveness. Attention, too, needs to be given to the frequency, intensity, duration and persistence over time of the challenging responses (this also applies to the behaviours of the significant adults in their lives). For example, the adolescent who steals several times in a week needs considerably more help than the one who has only ever stolen once. The amount stolen is an important mirror of the teenager's hidden distress as is the answer to the question: how long has this stealing being going on – six months, a year or several years? In terms of aggression or sulking or withdrawal or other such symptoms, the question of how long the response endures in the presenting situation is an important clue to the level of distress – is it one minute, five minutes, an hour, several hours, a day, a week, a month?
• the nature of parental 'letting go' of young adult children, and teenagers' 'leave-taking' of their parents.
This book emphasises that the nature of the relationship that the parent, teacher or other significant adult has with the young person is critical to the resolution of any presenting difficulties. Indeed, the very source of the young person's distress may very well be the nature of the relationships experienced with significant adults. The helping relationship needs to be unconditionally loving, compassionate, non-judgemental, empathic and genuine. It is consistent relating of this kind that creates the safety for the young person to begin to consciously identify what is troubling him or her and, with the support and encouragement of parents, teachers and, where necessary, a counsellor, to seek resolution of what has lain hidden. It is almost always the case that parents need to reflect on their own ways of relating to themselves, to each other and to each of their children. Parents do well to hold on to the reality that each child in a family has a different mother and a different father and that children are ingenious in developing their own individual and creative responses to the kind of relating they experience from each of their parents.
In this book, we emphasise that the creation of 'safe holding' – essentially unconditionally loving relating – is an integral part of the parenting and educating of children. This 'holding' needs to be there for the various expressions of self – physical, sexual, emotional, social, intellectual, behavioural and creative. The nature of safe holding for these different expressions is examined, so that adults who have responsibilities towards young people can engage in best practice of these responsibilities. Essentially, safe holding involves the creation of patient, nurturing, secure, encouraging and non-threatening responses to the young person's self-expressions. It will be clear in the book that such holding is not a licence for young people to do what they like, but a development of responsible freedom. A useful rule of thumb with regard to the development of responsible self-expression is that 'the more responsibility shown, the more freedom given'. Many young people resent the fact that parents are responsible for their total welfare up to their eighteenth year and need – and deserve – to know where they are, whom they are with, what they are doing and what time they will be home. When adolescents do not co-operate with the responsibilities of parents, the parents need to maintain very definite boundaries around their own wellbeing; a challenge that can seem daunting but is in fact an act of love that, as this book shows, is attainable.
• Creating safe holding for teenagers to leave the nest and for their parents to let them go (Chapter 14).
Whilst this book is primarily directed towards parents, teachers, counsellors and other adults who have charge over young people, it is a book that older adolescents certainly could read, not only to enlighten themselves on what the passage through adolescence is all about, but also to assess to what degree their parents and other significant adults have achieved a strong sense of self, a solid interior life and strong sense of self-realisation.
With the coming of the teenage years, a young person starts to move out from the earlier, narrower holding worlds of childhood into the wider worlds of education, friendship, community and, possibly, work. This move into wider worlds brings with it many new challenges and possible threats, but adolescence is also the time when the person has the possibility of starting the process of independence – starting the process where the self becomes the ultimate holding world.
In her early years, the child is completely dependent on the adults in her life – particularly her parents. Clearly, the child is dependent physically but at a more profound level the child is dependent on her parents for love, visibility, recognition and a sense of her capability; she is dependent on her parents for safe holding 'to be' in the world. The child, from very early on, will already have had an unconscious awareness of any threats present in her holding worlds; she will have learned how 'to be' for her parents, how 'to fit around' them – this may involve rebellion, but the parents are still at the centre of the child's life. The child will have developed her own particular protective strategies for managing whatever threats were experienced; she will have developed a 'screen self' that has enabled her to fit with, and have a sense of belonging with, the most important people in her life – her parents, on whom she is utterly dependent to know her worth, lovability and capability. Depending on the nature of these early relationships, a child's screen self will manifest how much of her real self is emotionally safe for her to show.
With the coming of adolescence and the move into wider holding worlds, the young person need no longer be so dependent on her parents in order to know consciously who she really is – a person who is unconditionally lovable, powerful and unique. The crucial process in the teenage years is about starting to become your own person; it is about becoming independent; it is about taking responsibility for yourself and your own actions; it is about finding the safety to be true to yourself, to be authentic. It is important to recognise that the teenager is only at the beginning of what is, in effect, a life-long process. Becoming independent does not happen simply with the passing of years; indeed, there are many adults who are not in a solid place of self-realisation and realness. Sadly, neither are such adults – parents, teachers, others in charge of young people – in a mature place to guide young people towards establishing independence and self-realisation. Clearly, when teenagers do not have adults in their lives who model maturity, it is difficult for them to make progress towards independence. The reality is that the very people teenagers need to support and aid them in their pursuit of independence are often struggling for independence themselves. It is unusual for a young person to find a model of independence among her peer group and so the co-dependent relationships that have been part and parcel of family and school life are repeated with peers.
Young people have a dawning consciousness of the challenges that face them as they trek the terrain of their teenage years and, wisely, they usually approach these challenges in a staged manner. The challenges are primarily concerned with finding their own particular ways of giving open and real expression to the several dimensions of self – emotional, physical, behavioural, intellectual, social, sexual and creative. The fact that the central challenge in adolescence is about finding realness and authenticity is often missed by parents and teachers, who overemphasise academic and career progress to the detriment of the more profound challenges young people face.
The onset of adolescence is marked outwardly by physical changes; the more obvious being breast development and menstruation in girls, and beard development, voice breaking and wet dreams among boys. These physical changes happen automatically and are outward manifestations of the shift from childhood to adulthood. The outward physical changes enable the development of certain elements of independence but it is the inner shift – from childhood dependence on others for a sense of self to independence – that is the more crucial process.


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Learning Factory
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Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
School of Interdisciplinary Science
Nano & Micro
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qiyin.fang
ETB 405
+1 905.525.9140 x 24227
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Currently Accepting Graduate Students
Biophotonics is a fast growing interdisciplinary field that concentrates on applying physical, chemical and engineering advances to biological and medical challenges.
Dr. Fang works on the development of optical spectroscopy and imaging systems for biomedical and environmental applications. His recent research projects include: multimodality optical biopsy techniques for real-time clinical diagnosis and guided therapy, optical endoscope designs for gastrointestinal (GI) cancer screening, photodynamic therapy (PDT) photosensitizer uptake and dosimetry, fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) technologies for high content screening; ultrafast laser micromachining for medical implants; miniaturized optical sensors for water quality monitoring, and optical sensing and imaging technologies for smart home and aging research.
Dr. Fang is a member of:
McMaster School of Biomedical Engineering http://msbe.mcmaster.ca/
Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research (BIMR) http://www.brockhouse.mcmaster.ca/
Centre for Emerging Device Technologies (CEDT) http://www.eng.mcmaster.ca/cedt/
McMaster Gilbrea Centre for Studies in Aging http://www.aging.mcmaster.ca/
McMaster Institute for Research in Aging (MIRA) http://mira.mcmaster.ca/
He is also an Associate Member of:
School of Interdisciplinary Sciences
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BSc. Physics, Nankai University
MASc. Applied Physics, East Carolina University
PhD. Biomedical Physics, East Carolina University
Dr. Fang is the Canada Research Chair in Biophotonics and is cross-appointed with the School of Biomedical Engineering.
Dr. Fang is a Fellow and visiting lecturer of SPIE.
Qiyin Fang is currently a Professor at McMaster University and held the Canada Research Chair in Biophotonics (Tier II) between 2005-2016.
Prior to joining McMaster, Dr. Fang was with the Minimally Invasive Surgical Technology Institute of Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles. Dr. Fang obtained his graduate degrees from North Carolina and his undergraduate degree from Tianjin, China.
Ramy Abdlaty, Lilian Doerwald-Munoz, Ali Madooei, Samir Sahli, Shu-Chi Allison Yeh, Josiane Zerubia, Raimond K. W. Wong, Joseph E.Hayward, Thomas J. Farrell, Qiyin Fang, "Hyperspectral Imaging and Classification for Grading Skin Erythema," Frontiers in Physics, 6, 72, 2018, DOI:10.3389/fphy.2018.00072(Open access)
S. C. Goh, Y. Luan, X.g Wang, H. Du, C. Chau, H. E. Schellhorn, J. L. Brash, H. Chen, and Q. Fang, "Polydopamine-polyethylene glycol-albumin antifouling coatings on multiple substrates," Journal of Materials Chemistry B, 6, 940-949, 2018 (Online)
R. Abdlaty, J. Orepoulos, P. Sinclair, R. Berman, and Q. Fang, "High throughput AOTF hyperspectral imager for randomly polarized light," Photonics, invited paper, 5(1), 3, 2018 (Open Access)
N. Shalaby, A. Al-Ebraheem, D. Le, S. Cornacchi, Q. Fang, T. Farrell, P. Lovrics, G. Gohla, S. Reid, N. Hodgson, M. Farquharson, "Time-Resolved Fluorescence (TRF) and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS) for Margin Analysis in Breast Cancer," Lasers in Surgery and Medicine,50(3):236–245, 2018.
V. N. D. Le, J. Provias, N. Murty, M. S. Patterson, Z. Nie, J. E. Hayward, T. Farrell , W. McMillan, W. Zhang, Q. Fang, "Dual-modality optical biopsy of glioblastomas multiforme with diffuse reflectance and fluorescence: ex vivo retrieval of optical properties," Journal of Biomedical Optics, 22(2):027002, 2017
A. Tsikouras, P. Peronio, I. Rech, N. Hirmiz, M. J. Deen, and Q. Fang, "Characterization of SPAD Array for Multifocal High-Content Screening Applications," Photonics, 3(4):56, 2016. (Open Access)
Z. Nie, V.N. Le, D. Cappon, J. Provias, N. Murty, J. E. Hayward, T. J. Farrell, M. S. Patterson, W. McMillan, Q. Fang, "Integrated Time-resolved Fluorescence and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy Instrument for Intraoperative Detection of Brain Tumor Margin," IEEE Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 22(3): 6802109, 2016
V. N. D. Le, M. S. Patterson, T. J. Farrell, J. E. Hayward, Q. Fang, "Experimental recovery of intrinsic fluorescence and fluorophore concentration in the presence of hemoglobin: spectral effect of scattering and absorption on fluorescence," Journal of Biomedical Optics 20(12), 127003, 2015
A. Tsikouras, R. Berman, D. W. Andrews and Q. Fang, "High-speed multifocal array scanning using refractive window tilting," Biomedical Optics Express 6, 3737-3757, 2015. (Open Access)
S. Sahli, R. C. C. Wang, A. Murthy, D. Armstrong, M. J. Deen, and Q. Fang, "a 360 degree side view endoscope for lower GI tract mapping," Physics in Canada, 75(1): 18-20, 2015
S-C. A. Yeh, C. S.N. Ling, D. W. Andrews, M. S. Patterson, K. R. Diamond, J. E. Hayward, D. Armstrong, and Q. Fang, "5-aminolevulinic acid for quantitative seek-and-treat of high-grade dysplasia in Barrett's Esophagus cellular models," Journal of Biomedical Optics, 20(2):028002, 2015.
S-C. A. Yeh, S. Sahli, D. W. Andrews, M. S. Patterson, D. Armstrong, J. Provias, and Q. Fang, "5-ALA induced PpIX as a fluorescence marker for quantitative image analysis of high-grade dysplasia in Barrett's Esophagus cellular models," Journal of Biomedical Optics, 20(2):028002, 2015.
S-C. A. Yeh, M. S. Patterson, J. E. Hayward, and Q. Fang, "Time-Resolved Fluorescence in Photodynamic Therapy," Photonics, 1(4): 530-564, 2014. (Open Access)
V. N. D. Le, Z. Nie, J. E. Hayward, T. J. Farrell, and Q. Fang, "Measurements of extrinsic fluorescence in Intralipid and polystyrene microspheres," Biomedical Optics Express, 5(8): 2726-2735, 2014. (Open Access)
Z. Nie, R. An, J. E. Hayward, T. J. Farrell, Q. Fang, "Hyperspectral Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging for Optical Biopsy," Journal of Biomedical Optics 18(9):096001, 2013
R. An, G. W. Khadar, E. I. Wilk, B. Emigh, H. R. Haugen, G. R. Wohl, B. Dunlop, M. Anvari, J. E. Hayward, and Q. Fang, "Ultrafast laser ablation and machining large size structures on porcine bone," Journal of Biomedical Optics 18 (7):070504, 2013. (Open Access)
Z. Li, M. J. Deen, Q. Fang, and P.R. Selvaganapathy, "Design of a Flat field Concave Grating Based Micro‐Raman Spectrometer for Environmental Applications," Applied Optics, 51(28):6855-6863, 2012
S. A. Yeh, K. R. Diamond, M. S. Patterson, Z. Nie, J. E. Hayward, and Q. Fang, "Monitoring Photosensitizer Uptake Using Two Photon Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy," Theranostics, 2(9): 817-826, 2012. (Open Access).
A. Tsikouras, J. Ning, S. Ng, R. Berman, D. W. Andrews, and Q. Fang, "Streak camera crosstalk reduction using a multiple decay optical fiber bundle," Optics Letters 37(2): 250-252, 2012
B. Emigh, R. An, E. M. Hsu, T. H. R. Crawford, H. R. Haugen, G. R. Wohl, J. E. Hayward, and Q. Fang, "Porcine cortical bone ablation by ultrashort pulsed laser irradiation," Journal of Biomedical Optics, 17(2):028001, 2012
R. W. K. Leung, S-C A. Yeh, and Q. Fang, "Effects of incomplete decay in fluorescence lifetime estimation," Biomedical Optics Express 2(9):2517–2531, 2011. (Open Access)
R. C. C. Wang, M. J. Deen, D. Armstrong, and Q. Fang, "development of a catadioptric endoscope objective with forward and side views," Journal of Biomedical Optics, 16(6):066015, 2011.
M. El-Desouki., D. Palubiak, M. J. Deen, Q. Fang, O. Marinov, "A novel, high-dynamic range, high-speed, and high sensitibility CMOS imager using time-domain single-photon counting and avalanche photodiodes," IEEE Sensors Journal, 11(4): 1078-1083, 2011.
Y. Yuan, J-Y. Hwang, M. Krishnamoorthy, J. Ning, Y. Zhang, K. Ye, R. C. Wang, M. J. Deen, Q. Fang, "A high throughput AOTF-based time-resolved fluorescence spectrometer for optical biopsy," Optics Letters, 34(7): 1132-1134, 2009
L. Marcu, J. A. Jo, Q. Fang, T. Papaioannou, T. Reil, J-H. Qiao, J. D. Baker, J. A. Freischlag, M. C. Fishbein, "Detection of Rupture-Prone Atherosclerotic Plaques by Time-Resolved Laser Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy," Atherosclerosis, Vol. 204(1): 156-164, 2009
M. ElDesouki, M. Jamal Deen, Qiyin Fang, Louis W. C. Liu, Frances Tse and David Armstrong, "CMOS Image Sensors for High Speed Applications," Sensors, 9: 430-444, 2009
Y. Yuan, T. Papaioannou, Q. Fang, "Single shot acquisition of time-resolved fluorescence spectra using a multiple delay optical fiber bundle," Optics Letters, 33(8): 791-793, 2008
J. A. Russell, K. R. Diamond, T. Collins, H. F. Tiedje, J. E. Hayward, T. J. Farrell, M. S. Patterson, Q. Fang, "Characterization of Fluorescence Lifetime of Photofrin and Delta-Aminolevulinic Acid Induced Protoporphyrin IX in Living Cells using Single and Two-photon Excitation," IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 14(1): 158-166, 2008
M. Kfouri, O. Marinov, P. Quevedo, N. Faramarzpour, S. Shirani, L. W-C. Liu, Q. Fang, M. J. Deen, "Towards a Miniaturized Wireless Fluorescence-Based Diagnostic Imaging System," IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 14(1): 226-234, 2008
N. Faramarzpour, M. M. El-Desouki, M. J. Deen, Q. Fang, S. Shirani and L. W-C. Liu, "CMOS Imaging for Biomedical Applications," IEEE Potentials, May/June: 31-36, 2008
L. Marcu, Q. Fang, J. A. Jo, T. Papaioannou, A. Dorafshar, T. Reil, J.H. Qiao, D. Baker, J. A. Freischlag M. C. Fishbein,. In-Vivo Detection of Macrophages in a Rabbit Atherosclerotic Model by Time-Resolved Laser-Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy. Atherosclerosis, Vol. 181(2): 295-303, 2005.
Q. Fang, T. Papaioannou, J. Jo, R. Vaitha, K. Shastry, and L. Marcu, "Time-domain laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy apparatus for clinical diagnostics," Review of Scientific Instrument, Vol. 75(1): 151-162, 2004.
T. Papaioannou, N. Preyer, Q. Fang, M. Carnohan, R. Ross, A. Brightwell, G. Cottone, L. Jones, and L. Marcu, "Effects of fiber-optic probe design and probe-to-target distance on diffuse reflectance measurements of turbid media: an experimental and computational study at 337 nm," Applied Optics, Vol. 43(14): 2846-2860, 2004.
View more Publications
Fellow, SPIE
Canada Research Chairs in Biophotonics
Early Research Award, Province of Ontario
Shen Shou-Chun Award in Experimental Physics, Nankai University
BIOMED 6I03Graduate Introduction to Biophotonics
Outline More Info.
BIOMED 6I03
Introduction to Biophotonics
Q. Fang (cross-listed as MED PHYS 6I03)
This is a survey course on basic principles of light interaction with biological systems and specific biomedical applications of photonics. In the first quarter of the course, basic principles in optics and biology will be briefly covered while emphasis will be on more advanced topics such as lasers and photo detectors, light-tissue interaction, and photobiology. The remaining part of the course will be focused on specific biomedical applications using photonics technology.
BIOMED 707Graduate Advanced Topics in Biophotonics
BIOMED 707
Advanced Topics in Biophotonics
Qiyin Fang, Michael S. Patterson, Joseph E. Hayward, and Thomas Farrell
Prerequisite(s): BIOMED 6I03 / Introduction to Biophotonics
To provide an in-depth understanding of the physics behind a selected number of biophotonics applications in life sciences (e.g. fluorescence lifetime imaging, high content screening, etc.) and clinical applications (diffuse optical tomography, time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, optical coherent tomography, photoacoustic microscopy, etc.) as well as key tools used these research areas including ImageJ, image processing, and pattern recognition and classification.
Textbook: Tuan Vo-Dinh, "Biomedical Photonics Handbook"
Computer simulation and analysis using one of the numerial tools: 40%
Project (analysis project or literature study, with written report and presentation): 60%
ENG PHYS 4I03 Technical Elective Introduction to Biophotonics IBEHS Technical Electives
ENG PHYS 4I03
Technical Elective
This course covers the basic principles of light interaction with biological systems and specific biomedical applications of photonics such as optical light microscopy, endoscopic imaging, spectroscopy in clinical diagnosis, flow cytometry, micro-optical sensors, etc.
Three lectures; second term
Prerequisite(s): Registration in Level III or above in a Faculty of Engineering, or Science, or Health Science Program, or registration in the Integrated Biomedical Engineering & Health Sciences (IBEHS) Program.
Course Site
IBEHS 3P04Undergraduate / IBEHS Undergraduate Health Solutions Design Projects III: Analysis and Decision Making
IBEHS 3P04
Health Solutions Design Projects III: Analysis and Decision Making
Undergraduate / IBEHS Undergraduate
Third course of the design and innovation sequence. Working in groups, problem solving skills are applied in the context of an open-ended design problem. Principles of engineering problem solving, systems analysis, simulation, optimization and design are applied to healthcare problems.
One lecture, one tutorial (two hours); one term
Prerequisite(s): IBEHS 2P03
Mac testing new tech at Westdale Smart Home to help seniors live on their own
The Future of Aging: Smart Technologies Event
McMaster event to highlight technologies to support older adults.
Newly Appointed 2015 Faculty Leadership Fellow
Dr. Fang will serve as the 2015 Faculty Leadership Fellow.
W Booth School - 1280 Main Street West
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Undergraduate Inquiries
Phone: (905) 525.9140 x 27174
Email: thinkeng@mcmaster.ca
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Offices closed daily from 12:00 pm to 1:00 pm


Dr Ruoling Chen will be presenting research findings at the 140th Annual Conference of American Public Health Association in San Francisco, USA, 25th - 31st October. Dr Chen has been invited to give a talk about "Exposure to passive smoking and risk of dementia in older women who never smoke".
The Department was well represented at the annual SAPC / RCGP conference, Glasgow, October 3rd – 6th, 2012. This is the first time that the Society of Academic Primary Care has run a combined conference with the RCGP.
Dr Chris McKevitt and Dr Abdel Douiri presented at the 8th World Stroke Congress being held at the Ulysses Guimarães Convention Center in Brasilia, Brazil.


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Home The Spot Music
SPOTTED: The Thomas Edison Music Awards
in Music, The Spot
SPOTTED: Girl Blue and Wurliday at The Hollow, Nov. 17, 2017
#ThomasEdisonMusicAwards #ProctorsTheatre #SpotlightNews
SCHENECTADY — The inaugural Capital Region Thomas Edison Music Awards, 6 p.m. Sunday April 14 at Proctors, is an opportunity to amplify, empower and celebrate professionals working in the area's wide-ranging music scene.
Over 60 luminaries drawn from the region's talent pool—including club owners, sound technicians, educators, journalists and performers—will judge nearly 30 categories, granting Eddies to winners from a list of approximately 80 nominees (ranging from soloists and group members to teachers, engineers, deejays, photographers and others).
Edison conceived the phonograph prior to moving his Edison Machine Works to Schenectady (and providing the basis for General Electric), but his invention—the first to reproduce sound rather than simply record it —transcended geography, bringing music to the world.
On its inception, the National Academy of Recordings Arts and Sciences considered naming its award the Eddie, in recognition of Edison's indelible contribution but opted for a nod to a later iteration, the gramophone.
Capital Records Live! and The Eddies are the creation of Salvatore Prizio and Jim Murphy.
"The spirit of the Eddies," Prizio said, "is to recognize all of those who work so hard, day-in and day-out, to entertain the Capital Region and beyond. Just about everyone pushes themselves so hard in this business, and the Eddies present a moment for all of us to pause, celebrate and reflect on what we do, whether it's an intern running cable or the biggest stars to come out of the area. We want to recognize that effort and celebrate each other."
Prizio, a musician himself, is program coordinator at Proctors Collaborative and former programming manager at Massry Center for the Arts, in Albany. Murphy, a former journalist and media executive, is marketing and corporate development director at Proctors Collaborative.
The ceremony will include two inductions into the Eddies New York Music Hall of Fame: an Artist Lifetime Achievement Award and an Arts Educator Award for Impact on the Community. Additionally, a People's Choice Award will be granted for Artist of the Year and Local Concert of the Year.
"The evening," Murphy said, "is about bringing attention to new artists, honoring tenured acts and commemorating local music legends."
Tickets cost $20 each, or $25 at the door. For tickets and information, call 518-346-6204 or visit proctors.org.
Tags: Thomas Edison Music Awards
SPOTTED: Nadia Comaneci and Jackie Joyner-Kersee in Latham
One injured in car accident at Selkirk Stewart's lot
One injured in car accident at Selkirk Stewart's lot


ca. 2008 Stephen Swanson, baritone; David Gompper, piano Albany Records TROY1056, CD (2008). Was My Brother in the Battle?
TUNES WE HEARD IN "NINETY TWO"
Early 1938, Musicraft Records, Inc., New York City, NY. Mordecai Bauman, baritone; Albert Hirsh, piano New Music Recordings 1412 (Matrix: NMQR17), 78 rpm (1938). Composers Recordings Inc. CRI SRD 390, LP (1978). CRI ACS-6014, cassette (1985). Six Songs. Yankee Music. Music of Charles Ives.
January 9, 10, & 12, 2005, American Academy of Arts and Letters, New York City, NY. Deborah Voigt, soprano; Brian Zeger, piano Angel 7243 5 57964 2 4, CD (2005). Warner Classics 2344502, CD (2008). All My Heart: Deborah Voigt Sings American Songs. Charles Ives: Songs, Piano Trio, Violin Sonata Nos. 2 & 4.
February 9-10, 12-13, 2005, American Academy of Arts and Letters, New York City, NY. Deborah Voigt, soprano; Brian Zeger, piano EMI 50999 2 34450 2 4 , CD (2008). Warner Classics 2344502, CD (2008). Charles Ives: Songs, Piano Trio, Violin Sonata Nos. 2 & 4.