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Cambridge, January 2014, Housing
Sonya Kovacic · January 30, 2015
good old days (sonya kovacic)
Boston's median rent is the third most expensive in the country, only behind New York City and San Francisco. In 2013 the average rent was $1,772.
The latest Greater Boston Housing Report Card from 2013, analyzes the Greater Boston housing and rental market. Here are some of their findings:
Rent keeps increasing:
Between 2009 and mid-2013, the average asking rent in Greater Boston increased by 9.1 percent while the average effective rent rose by 10 .8 percent, reflecting fewer discounts.
Supply is low:
With the rental vacancy rate in the region now at 3 .7 percent, rents are expected to continue to rise. Our own statistical analysis indicates that when the rental vacancy rate has fallen below 5.5 percent, landlords are able to extract higher rents. Facing little inventory, renters are forced to compete for a limited number of available units. Low vacancy rates are good for landlords but anathema for renters
Rent is taking up more of household incomes:
Homeownership costs are rising faster than homeowners' incomes. As a result, the housing cost burden for the typical family in Greater Boston has reached an all-time high with more than half of all renter households spending more than 30 percent of their gross incomes on rent. Those paying 50 percent or more of their gross income on rent—now surpasses one-fourth (26 .4 percent) of all renter households in the region, up from 18 .4 percent in 2000.
To sum it up: wages are stagnant, rent is increasing, and there is not enough housing. Policy now and in the future will need to address these issues.
Kendall Square/MIT is the most expensive zip code in Greater Boston.
It's tough to be a renter in Boston.
Jamaica Plain, January 2014
dilemma (sonya kovacic)
A sidewalk's importance is not usually noticeable until it's inaccessible. Take using public transport to get to the airport. On an ordinary day, it's not so bad. When there are six feet snowbanks spilling over onto the sidewalks, it's not so easy. (Cue to carrying a 30 pound suitcase in your arms to the train station.)
Although clearing roads after a a snowstorm is a priority, sidewalks can take days, even weeks to be cleared. And it is one reason why the Boston school system is still closed today.
For many, it's an inconvenience that you deal with when living in an old (in US terms) city in the Northeast. However for residents with disabilities, it makes getting around nearly impossible. For these same residents, sidewalks are noticeable year round.
This past summer, sidewalk inaccessibility came to light in Beacon Hill, one of Boston's oldest neighborhoods. In order to comply with the federal Americans with Disabilities Act, the city needs to install ramps on sidewalks. The Beacon Hill Civic Association sued the city for the cement materials that were being used for the ramps. The Association wants materials that preserve Beacon Hill's brick sidewalks and historical charm.
To read more about the Beacon Hill sidewalk issue, go here.
To read more about the Beacon Hill Civic Association and it's history, go here.
To read more about what sidewalks could look like in the future, go here.
South Boston, Outdoor, January 2014
a summer day, carson beach
Remember summer and the beach? The winter will eventually end
In the meantime, MIT scientists are working on changing bad memories into good memories.
Tags: blue, green, beach, summer
a sunday escape (sonya kovacic)
Days like today make you wonder why the Pilgrims made the voyage to Massachusetts.
They didn't mean to.
The Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower were in route to the British Colony of Virginia, when storms and navigational problems diverted the ship to what is now Provincetown, Cape Cod. They arrived on November 21, 1620.
Half the passengers died during the first winter. Here's a list of everyone who made the voyage.
Tags: magazine, cafe, escapism
Jamaica Plain, January 2014, Nature
southwest corridor(sonya kovacic)
Oh have you heard? It's supposed to snow tomorrow.
Here is a breakdown of the top 5 snowstorms in Boston from the National Weather Service:
1. February 17th-18th, 2003: 27.6 inches
2. February 6th-7th, 1978: 27.1 inches
4. March 31st-April 1st, 1997: 25.4 inches
During the "Great Snow of 1717" it snowed for 9 days. Boston saw up to 40 inches of snow and Bostonians walked on stilts. The good news though, there was no electricity to lose.
Tags: snow, blue, snow flakes, Southwest Corridor
Brookline, Technology, January 2014
roomba, brookline
The Roomba, an autonomous vacuum cleaner, was introduced in 2002 by Bedford based company, iRobot. iRobot was founded by three MIT roboticists; Colin Angle, Helen Greiner, and Rodney Brooks to make practical robots a reality.
Along with home robots like the Roomba, iRobot makes an automated floor scrubber, floor mop, pool cleaner, and gutter cleaner. They also make robots for businesses and security/defense.
Rosie, is the most commonly used name for the Roomba.
Boston Dynamics, a robotics company recently purchased by Google, created a cheetahrobot that is the fastest legged robot in the world.
A cat in a shark costume chases a duck while riding a roomba, has garnered 7,840,335 views on youtube.
Tags: vacuum cleaner, robots, MIT
January 2014, Art, Fenway
katharine lane weeks
rhinoceros in front of smfa (sonya kovacic)
The rhinoceros sculpture in front of the School of the Museum of Fines Arts is a dedication to Boston sculptor and SMFA Alum, Katharine Lane Weems. In fact it is a copy of her two Indian Rhinoceroses, Bessie and Victoria, that sit in front of Harvard's Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology. Weems (1899-1989) was born into a family of culturati--her father was once the president of the MFA--and she was known for her animal sculptures.
The National Museum of Wildlife Art of the United States has a quote from Weems. When she was asked why she chose animals as her primary subject matter as opposed to people, Weems commented, "When you're doing a human figure you're always working on the same fundamental chassis; but with animals the variation in composition is infinite; an animal is forever in movement, in different, unconscious grace. And finally, you never have the relatives to contend with!"
Take a look at some photos of Katharine at work.
Cambridge, Technology, January 2014
mugar omni theater
omni film reel, science museum (sonya kovacic)
The Mugar Omni theater, located in the Science Museum since 1987, is a 5 story dome shaped IMAX theater called an Omnimax. It is the only Omnimax in New England and one of only sixty in the world.
The seats recline about thirty degrees, and because the screen fills a viewer's field of vision (including periphery vision) viewers get the feeling of immersion and motion. The Omni theater also has surround sound (who put the bomp in the bomp? Shabomp, shabomp).
*The 70mm Omnimax film reel is around 3 miles long, weighs 200 pounds, and needs to be configured manually.
This is pure nostalgia for anyone who remembers the "New England Introduction" that played before each Omni theater film. Sadly the theater doesn't use this introduction anymore.
The Omni theater only plays educational films. If you want to see a film this week, there are films about the Mayans, the Galapagos Islands, and pandas.
BU, January 2014, Fenway/Kenmore, infrastructure
comm ave (sonya kovacic)
Because of Boston's proximity to water, Bostonians historically diverted wastewater into the Charles River and the Boston Harbor. It wasn't until 1877 that Boston began constructing it's first official sewer system. According to the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority, the Boston Main Drainage System (BMDS) "diverted sewage from 18 cities and town to Moon Island in Boston Harbor. There sewage was held for release with the outgoing tide."
Presently, the Boston Water and Sewer Commission serves 70% of the total land area of Boston and uses two types of wastewater collection systems: Separate and combined sewer systems. Separate sewer systems separate sanitary waste and stormwater flow. Combined sewer systems combine sanitary waste and stormwater flow.
According to BWSC, the sewer system is approximately "1,455 linear miles, the sewer system consists of: 622 miles of sanitary, 595 miles of storm drain, 235 miles of combined sewer, and 3 miles of combined sewer overflow. The sewers are made of stone, brick, vitrified clay, concrete, iron, and cast iron. Vitrified clay is the most prevalent type of sewer material in the system because it has been used for some time as the standard material for the smaller diameter piping which is predominant in the system. Brick is the most common material for the larger pipes in the system because it was the principal building material used for large pipe in the late 1800's. Most new sewers are made of concrete, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic or ductile iron."
Boston wastewater is currently sent to the Deer Island Waste Water Treatment Plant where it is treated and then sent into the ocean. Deer Island is now recognizable for its egg shaped anaerobic digesters.
If you are interested in how the sewer system works, here's a diagram.
Read more about stormwater management.
Tags: blue, sewer
BU, Fenway/Kenmore, January 2014
dr. king
free at last sculpture in front of bu's marsh chapel (sonya kovacic)
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. got his Docterate from Boston University's School of Theology in 1955. According to Boston University, the Dean of BU's Marsh Chapel at the time, Howard Thurman, was King's mentor and spirtual advisor. Thurman was responsible for teaching Gandhi's ideas of nonviolent protest to Dr. King.
The Free at Last sculpture was dedicated in 1975 by artist Sergio Castillo to commemorate Dr. King. According to the Boston Art Commission, the "sculpture, twenty feet high, consists of a mass of wing-flapping birds cut from cor-ten steel. Close-up, one sees individual birds, each striving to be airborne, but from afar one sees a flock of birds, formed into the shape of a single bird headed for the sky."
Take a look at a picture of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. in front of Marsh Chapel.
Boston University has a collection of Dr. King's personal papers.
Tags: BU, Winter, Martin Luther King Jr
Somerville, Street art, January 2014
it is beautiful-then gone
truth (sonya kovacic)
Beautiful Then Gone as a phrase is actually based on a book by the famous designer Martin Venezky called "It is beautiful... then gone". This book title and its contents really struck me when my brother gave it to me. It really tapped into a nostalgic place and happened to go along with what I was attempting to capture via photography when I used to shoot photos.
So in essence it became a working title for my collective body of work in photography, capturing life's fleeting moments. We made some stickers and shirts but that was really just because people really identified with that title and design I suppose. I created the design myself. That project was abandoned probably in 2012/2013 and I have since moved on to many other projects in the art world that have been even more successful so to speak. That phrase though... Beautiful then gone.... I think it's still so perfect. It captures a sentiment perfectly.
-E-mail from the artist behind the sticker.
You can follow more of the artist's work on their instagram account.
See designer Martin Venezky's work here.
Tags: sticker, red, somerville, existential, street art
Technology, Cambridge, January 2014
muddy charles pub wall of fame (sonya kovacic)
Although NASA's Mission Control Center did not end up in Kendall Square, 38 NASA Astronauts graduated from MIT. That's more than any other non-military academic institution. The most notable alum, Buzz Aldrin, was the second person to walk on the moon after Neil Armstrong in July 1969.
Take a look at an iconic photo of Buzz Aldrin on the moon.
In October 2014, MIT's Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics held a centennialsymposium.
Tags: MIT
January 2014, Nature
november hike, wachusett mountain (sonya kovacic)
Wachusett Mountain, located 50 miles outside of Boston in Princeton Mass, is a popular ski resort. However, it is also the site of a very rare "old growth forest." A forest characterized by having trees over 150 years old with a complex ecology.
When colonists first arrived in Massachusetts, forests were plentiful. Soon after, trees were cut down for limber, and forests were cleared for agriculture. Now there are only 1,000 acres of old growth forests in Massachusetts and around 100 of them are found in Wachusett Mountain.
According to Watchusett Mountain, Mass Audobon Society, and Mass Dept of Environmental Management --the oldest known tree [in Wachusett] is a 369-year-old Yellow birch. It was alive in 1632 when Massachusetts Bay Colony Governor John Winthrop first identified Wachusett Mountain as, "...a very high hill, due west..."
Learn more about old-growth forests.
This past August, "The Sea of Trees," a new movie directed by Gus Van Sant (who also directed Good Will Hunting), and staring Matthew McConaughey, filmed scenes in Wachusett. Shallow Hal, the 2001 Jack Black movie, also filmed scenes in Wachusett.
Jamaica Plain, January 2014, parks
boston park rangers mounted unit, arboretum (sonya kovacic
In 1982, the Boston Park Rangers Mounted Unit was established to protect and patrol the Emerald Necklace (which was landscape architect, Frederick Olmsted's original plan). The Emerald Necklace is a 1,100 acre chain of nine parks that include the Boston Common, Public Garden, Commonwealth Avenue Mall, Back Bay Fens, The Riverway, Olmsted Park, Jamaica Pond, Arnold Arboretum, and the Franklin Park.
Because of budget cuts, the city of Boston could no longer afford the program and faced eliminating the Unit in 2009. The Friends of the Boston Park Rangers Mounted Unit was established in 2010 to fundraise the $155,000 annual dues needed to keep the Unit afloat. Thanks to their effort, the dues were raised this year and the 6 horses; Mystic, Otis, Frederick, Liberty, Baron and Winston can continue patrolling the parks.
Take a look at an 1888 photo of the last horse drawn streetcar in Boston.
Tags: arboretum
January 2014, sports, suburbs
pond hockey, walpole
The Boston Bruins, founded in 1924, was the first American hockey team to join the National Hockey League (NHL). They played in the Boston Arena (now Northeastern University's Matthews Arena; the oldest ice hockey arena still used for hockey in the world) until they moved to the Boston Garden in 1928. The Bruins have since won six Stanley Cups.
The Beanpot, a popular hockey tournament between Northeastern University, Harvard University, Boston College, and Boston University, formed in 1952 as a "filler." According to the Beanpot website and Jack Grinold, "It was originally the first two nights after Christmas of 1952. It was to help the Arena on off nights. It's way, way beyond that now." Presently, the Beanpot is one of the most popular sporting events in Boston, and is played on two Mondays in February. BU has won the most championships with 29, followed by BC with 19, Harvard with 10, and Northeastern with 4. After a BC/BU Beanpot game on February 6th, 1978, around a hundred people were trapped in the Garden during ablizzard.
Bruins goalie, Gerry Cheevers, who played on and off for the Bruins from 1965-1980, was a character. Legend goes there was a stipulation in his contract that allowed him to drink a beer in between periods. He was known for wearing a mask with a pattern of stitches that marked the spots where pucks hit him. Not surprisingly, it was full of stitches.
Cambridge, economics, January 2014
Sonya Kovacic · January 9, 2015
oregon trail
In 1791, Massachusetts Bank financed the first American voyage to Argentina by ship. With time, Buenos Aires and Boston became trade partners, trading goods like wool and leather and in 1917, Bank of Boston (after merging with Massachusetts Bank in 1903) opened its first branch in Buenos Aires.
The 20th century saw Bank of Boston become one the largest foreign banks in some parts of Latin America and its impressive neo-colonial Banco de Boston building in Buenos Aires, constructed in 1924, became a well known landmark (if also a target for protests).
In 2001, it was a site of massive protests in Argentina when the country defaulted on their international loans, and the government froze savings accounts. The building has since become ICBC Argentina, a Chinese bank, signaling China's influence in Latin America, as well as an end of an era for Boston banks in Latin America.
Take a look at some old and new photos of the Banco de Boston building in Buenos Aires.
*you can play the oregon trail here.
Institutions, January 2014
"We in Boston, will honor Dr. King in peace."
-Mayor Kevin White
While riots were occurring in cities all over the United States as a response to Martin Luther King's assassination, James Brown performed a concert at the Boston Garden (just a day after the assassination on April 5th, 1968). Mayor Kevin White had WGBH record the concert so that people could watch from their homes and prevent people from going to the street riot. It has been said that thanks to James Brown, and his concert, there was no rioting in Boston.
The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame has an article about the concert with a clip of James Brown's performance. There is also a VH1 documentary about "The Night James Brown Saved Boston."
January 2014, Street art, Chinatown
summerthing
mural in chinatown (sonya kovacic)
In 1968, following the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr and subsequent rioting in Boston, the Mayor's Office of Cultural Affairs under then Mayor Kevin White (with help from state legislator Katherine D. Kane, and artist/activist Adele Seronde) launched Summerthing, a city wide summer arts program aimed at easing tension and unrest. The program started with making murals as a form of expression, and later included more than 1200 musical and artistic events.
According to Michael Russell, who was part of a team that was considering a similar program in Washington DC, "In one summer, rock music resounded in 18 concerts at Harvard Stadium, including: The Grateful Dead, Janis Joplin, and the Supremes. B. B. King, James Cotton Blues Band, Miles Davis, Ike and Tina Turner, Voices of East Harlem, Rahsaan Roland Kirk, Ramsey Lewis, Percy Mayfield, Jose Feliciano and Janis Joplin (Her last concert.) all played to Summerthing crowds, for FREE!!"
Here's a 1975 photo of a Summerthing event in Chinatown called, Under the August Moon,from photographer Nick DeWolf.
Cambridge, January 2014
baked beans in star market (sonya kovacic)
Molasses has had an interesting role in Boston history since the colonial days when colonists put molasses in their baked beans and inspired what we now call Boston Baked Beans.
In fact, according to the Boston Tea Party Museum, "John Hancock, made his fortune smuggling molasses on his ship called "Liberty", the fortune which was later used to support the cause of American independence." Another use of molasses was in rum distillation, which was popular at the time in Boston.
Molasses was also responsible for one of the strangest man made disasters in Boston history, when in January 1919, a tank full of 2.3 million gallons of molasses from the Purity Distilling company collapsed in the North End. It resulted in a 15 foot tsunami (more devastating than a typical tsunami) going 35 miles per hour that destroyed buildings, swept people away, and eventually trapped people in a gelatinous state. 21 people died, and more than 150 were injured.
There is a distillery in Roxbury (Boston's first craft distillery) that along with other spirits, offers a rum named the Boston rum. They also offer tours.
Boston University, January 2014
massachusetts coat of arms on the bu bridge (sonya kovacic)
The coat of arms consists of a shield that depicts an Algonquian Native American with a bow and arrow and the arrow pointed downward signifying peace. Above the shield is the state military crest: a bent arm holding a broadsword aloft. The sword has its blade up, to remind that it was through the American Revolution that independence was won.
-Wikipedia
The motto, Ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem, is Latin for, "By the sword we seek peace, but peace only under liberty."
However the literal translation is "she seeks with the sword a quiet peace under liberty" from a longer phrase, "this hand, hostile to tyrants, seeks with the sword a quiet peace under liberty."
The motto comes from Englishman, Algernon Sidney, who penned it around 1659. Sidney was an opponent of Charles II and was executed for treason. The coat of arms is found on the current Great Seal and on the flag of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
17 other states have officially adopted coats of arms as well. You can see them here.


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El Miasíshchev M-55 (en ruso: Мясищев M-55, designación OTAN: Mystic) es un avión de reconocimiento a gran altitud, desarrollado durante los años 1980 en la Unión Soviética por parte de la Oficina de diseño Miasíshchev. Es un avión conceptualmente similar al Lockheed U-2 de fabricación estadounidense.

Desarrollo
El proyecto del M-55 fue conocido inicialmente como M-17. Su vida comenzó en 1978 cuando un equipo de ingenieros soviéticos buscaban soluciones para interceptar los globos de reconocimiento a gran altitud (p. ej. Proyecto Genetrix). El primer vuelo del M-17 fue el 26 de mayo de 1982; durante el mismo fue rápidamente detectado por los sistemas de observación estadounidenses. Con la introducción de un nuevo modelo de su clase el M-17 fue apodado Mystic-A. El 28 de marzo de 1990 el M-17 '17401' pilotado por Vladimir Arkhipenko alcanzó un récord de altitud de 21.830 metros. Este récord permanece para la clase de aviones que van de 16 a 20 toneladas. El M-17 obtuvo un total de 12 récords de la Federación Aeronáutica Internacional, 5 de ellos permanecen hoy en día.

El interceptor de globos aerostáticos M-17 fue reemplazado en 1987 por el M-17RN, también conocido como M-55 Geophysica, que fue designado por la OTAN como Mystic-B. El primero de ellos voló en 1988, pero a consecuencia del colapso de la Unión Soviética el proyecto quedó paralizado. En 1994 se detuvo la producción con un total de 5 aviones construidos para reconocimiento.

El 21 de septiembre de 1993 el piloto Victor Vasenkov desde el aeródromo de Akhtubinsk alcanzó un nuevo récord de su clase de 21.360 metros (El M-55 continuaba siendo una clase más pesada que el M-17). El M-55 obtuvo un total de 15 récords de la FAI, de los cuales todos permanecen en la actualidad.

Existen varias unidades del M-55 Geophysica que permanecen en servicio, realizando labores de investigación. Uno de ellos formó parte en una investigación de la estratosfera sobre el Ártico entre 1996 y 1997.

Una compañía irlandesa, Qucomhaps, está investigando la posibilidad de usar el M55 como base de comunicaciones digitales de Alta Altitud.

Operadores

 Fuerza Aérea Soviética - transferidos a la Fuerza Aérea Rusa tras su disolución.

 Fuerza Aérea Rusa

Especificaciones (M-55)

Véase también

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Información sobre la oficina de diseño Myasíshchyev (en inglés)
 Información sobre el Myasíshchev M-55 en Flugzeuginfo.net (en inglés)

M-55
Aeronaves de ala alta
Aeronaves de doble botalón
Aviones bimotores a reacción
Aviones de reconocimiento de los años 1980 de la Unión Soviética

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Gulliver's Travels dwarfs rivals at UK box office
By Andreas Wiseman2011-01-05T09:41:00+00:00
Fox International's Gulliver's Travels debuted top of the UK chart, towering over its opposition on the first weekend of 2011.
The Rob Letterman-directed adventure-comedy took a resounding $10.9m (£7m) - including five days of previews - from 497 locations at an impressive screen average of $22,027 (£14,142) over the Dec 31-Jan 02 weekend.
Paramount's comedy Little Fockers did decent holdover business in second place, grossing $4m (£2.6m) from 482 screens at an average of $8,450 (£5,425).
The third instalment in the Robert De Niro-Ben Stiller driven franchise was the top performer over the Christmas weekend, when it took $4.7m (£3m). With preview receipts totaling a strong $8.6m (£5.5m) Little Fockers has already amassed $17.4m (£11.2m), $10.1m (£6.5m) more than Meet The Parents had grossed by its second week in December 2000 but $6.7m (£4.3m) off Meet The Fockers' commanding second week tally of $24.1m (£15.5m) in February 2005.
Fox saw further success with romantic-comedy Love And Other Drugs, which opened third after scoring a $2.5m (£1.6m) haul from 410 screens. The studio has three films in the UK top 5, with Chronicles Of Narnia: Voyage Of The Dawn Treader playing in fifth, having taken $1.9m (£1.2m) from a week-high 501 screens.
eOne's drama The Way Back opened in fourth position, grossing $2m (£1.3m) despite playing on only 254 screens, the fewest among the top ten titles.
The UK box office displayed impressive depth over the first weekend of 2011, with the top seven titles (Tron: Legacy and Harry Potter And The Deathly Hallows rounded out the top seven) each grossing more than $1.6m (£1m) for the first time since records began.
UTV's Hindi-language action-adventure Tees Maar Khan dropped 69% after its fifth placed opening last weekend, this week grossing $152,711 (£98,033) from 58 screens for a respectable cumulative of $972,769 (£624,469), while Artificial Eye's 16th placed drama Of Gods And Men posted a good bounce-back weekend, achieving a 442% upturn in week-on-week box office, for a cumulative total of $561,295 (£360,330).
This week sees saturation releases for Momentum's Oscar-tipped The King's Speech, Warner Bros.' true-life drama 127 Hours, Lionsgate's thriller The Next Three Days and Paramount's fantasy-adventure Season Of The Witch.
Dublin Film Festival unveils 2020 line-up; Phyllida Lloyd's 'Herself' to close
Lorcan Finnegan's 'Vivarium' to open 14 th edition.
The suggestion is part of the BFI's initial findings on its Diversity Standards.
The pricing of the SVoD has been set as £5.99 in the UK and €6.99 in Europe.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Frequency: 1974, 1979, 1984, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005.
Conducted approximately every five to seven years, the Census of State and Federal Adult Correctional Facilities provides detailed information on the types of inmates housed, facility age and type, building plans, security level, court orders, programs, facility operations and security conditions, confinement space, and staff characteristics. The Census furnishes the sampling frame for the nationwide Survey of Inmates in State and Federal Correctional Facilities.
The Census included prison and prison farms; reception, diagnostic and classification centers; facilities for parole violators; road and forestry correctional camps; facilities for youthful offenders, and drug and alcohol treatment facilities. Jails, other local and regional detention facilities, and private facilities were excluded.
The questionnaire is modified with each iteration to capture information on evolving issues in criminal justice and topics of greatest interest to users.
Census of State and Federal Correctional Facilities, 2000 Provides information on facilities, inmates, programs, and staff of State and Federal correctional facilities throughout the Nation, and of private correctional facilities housing State or Federal inmates.
Profile of Nonviolent Offenders Exiting State Prisons Provides a description of the general characteristics of prison populations serving time for nonviolent crimes as they exit State prisons.
Census of State and Federal Correctional Facilities, 1995 Provides information on facilities, inmates, programs and staff of State and Federal correctional facilities throughout the Nation.
Drug Enforcement and Treatment in Prisons, 1990 Using data from the 1990 Census of State and Federal Correctional Facilities, this study examines how State and Federal correctional facilities week to stop the entry and use of illegal drugs.
Census of State and Federal Correctional Facilities, 1990 This publication presents data on the 1990 census of State correctional facilities including 250 community-based facilities that housed 2 percent of the Nation's prison population and 80 Federal prisons.
Census of State Adult Correctional Facilities, 1984 This report presents data on facilities, inmates programs, staff, and expenditures for State-operated confinement and community-based correctional facilities throughout the Nation for fiscal year 1984.
Census of State Adult Correctional Facilities, 1979 This document from the 1979 Census of Adult Correctional Facilities contains the variable description list and the codebook, as well as descriptions of the study, the file structure, processing information, and codebook information.


From beautiful one page websites to complex e-commerce.
Smart, simple web apps using progressive web technologies.
The internet leveled the playing field. Start leveraging that power.
Wanna see what we've done?
What's this? This website uses modern technology to deliver an experience that blurs the lines between app and website. Among other features, it lets you visit the website offline and that means content can be loaded a little differently.


text:
Q: Finding Value Based On Another Value and Range So I am having a problem that I am not sure how to solve.
I have a data set in Excel that will be dynamically edited by a user, however the data will be of specific natures; I'm including a screenshot for reference. Referencing the included screenshot, I need a formula in cell H4 that will do the following: If cell G4 is not empty, look at cell B4 in the "Destination" column and see what the value in that cell is, then look in the entire "Destination" range for the same value and if found, look in the "Totes" column in the same row and see if the integer is lower than 500. If it is, look at the "Pallet Locations" column and find the value in the cell that is on the same row, then display that value in cell H4.
Hopefully that makes sense. I'm not really sure what formula to use for this kind of thing or if it is even feasible to do so, but any help would be greatly appreciated.
Thank you.

A: Try this in H4 and fill down.
=IF(G4<>TEXT(,), IFERROR(IF(INDEX(E:E, AGGREGATE(15, 7, ROW(4:$11)/(B4:B$11=B4), 2))<500, INDEX(A:A, AGGREGATE(15, 7, ROW(4:$11)/(B4:B$11=B4), 2)), TEXT(,)), TEXT(,)), TEXT(,))

A: Another way. Put this formula in cell H4 in your above file.
=IFERROR(IF(MIN(IF(B4:B11=IF(G4<>"",B4,""),E4:E11))<500,INDEX(A4:A11,MATCH(MIN(IF(B4:B11=IF(G4<>"",B4,""),E4:E11)),E4:E11,0)),""),"")
Use Ctrl + Shift + Enter instead of normal Enter

Explanation

If cell G4 is not empty, look at cell B4 in the "Destination" column and see what the value in that cell is

IF(G4<>"",B4,"")

then look in the entire "Destination" range for the same value and if found, look in the "Totes" column in the same row and see if the integer is lower than 500.

For this you need to find the minimum value for N1 in totes column. For that the formula is
MIN(IF(B4:B11="N1",E4:E11))

Lastly if you need to return the value which in the left column, you can use this
INDEX(A4:A11,MATCH("498",E4:E11)),E4:E11,0))

Now simply combine all the above formulas.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Both Programs include preschool printable worksheets. There are different worksheets in each program. Print as many as you need for the students in your class.
Each program includes circle time posters for each letter, number, color, and shape. The circle time posters are the same in each program.


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NSA, data uncertainty, and the problem of separating bad ideas from good ones
By Wavefunction on Tuesday, April 05, 2016
'Citizenfour" is a movie about NSA whistleblower Edward Snowden made by journalist Laura Poitras, one of the two journalists Snowden contacted. It's a gripping, professional, thought-provoking movie that everyone should consider watching. But this is especially so because at a deeper level, I think it goes to the heart not just of government surveillance but also of the whole problem of picking useful nuggets of data in the face of an onslaught of potential dross. In fact even the very process of classifying data as "nuggets" or "dross" is fraught with problems.
I was reminded of this problem as my mind went back to a piece on Edge.org by noted historian of technology George Dyson in which he takes government surveillance to task, not just on legal or moral grounds but on basic technical ones. Dyson's concern is simple; when you are trying to identify that nugget of a dangerous idea from the morass of ideas out there, you are as likely to snare creative, good ideas in your net as bad ones. This may lead to a situation rife with false positives where you routinely flag – and, if everything goes right with your program, try to suppress – the good ideas. The problem arises partly because you don't need to, and in fact cannot, flag every idea as "dangerous" or "safe" with one hundred percent accuracy; all you need to do is to get a rough idea.
"The ultimate goal of signals intelligence and analysis is to learn not only what is being said, and what is being done, but what is being thought. With the proliferation of search engines that directly track the links between individual human minds and the words, images, and ideas that both characterize and increasingly constitute their thoughts, this goal appears within reach at last. "But, how can the machine know what I think?" you ask. It does not need to know what you think—no more than one person ever really knows what another person thinks. A reasonable guess at what you are thinking is good enough."
And when you are trying to get a rough idea, especially pertaining to someone's complex thought processes, there's obviously a much higher chance of making a mistake and failing the discrimination test.
The problem of separating the wheat from the chaff is encountered by every data analyst: for example, drug hunters who are trying to identify 'promiscuous' molecules – molecules which will indiscriminately bind to multiple proteins in the body and potentially cause toxic side effects – have to sift through lists of millions of molecules to find the right ones. They do this using heuristic rules of thumb which tell them what kinds of molecular structures have been promiscuous in the past. But the past cannot foretell the future, partly because the very process of defining these molecules is sloppy and inevitably captures a lot of 'good', non-promiscuous, perfectly druglike compounds. This problem with false positives applies to any kind of high-throughput process founded on empirical rules of thumb; there are always bound to be several exceptions. The same problem applies when you are trying to sift through millions of snippets of DNA and assigning causation or even correlations between specific genes and diseases.
What's really intriguing about Dyson's objection though is that it appeals to a very fundamental limitation in accomplishing this discrimination, one that cannot be overcome even by engaging the services of every supercomputer in the world.
Alan Turing jump-started the field of modern computer science when he proved that even an infinitely powerful algorithm cannot determine whether an arbitrary string of code represents a provable statement (the so-called 'Decision Problem' articulated by David Hilbert). Turing provided to the world the data counterpart of Kurt Gödel's Incompleteness Theorem and Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle; there is code whose truth or lack thereof can only be judged by actually running it and not by any preexisting test. Similarly Dyson contends that the only way to truly distinguish good ideas from bad is to let them play out in reality. Now nobody is actually advocating that every potentially bad idea should be allowed to play out, but the argument does underscore the fundamental problem with trying to pre-filter good ideas from bad ones. As he puts it:
"The Decision Problem, articulated by Göttingen's David Hilbert, concerned the abstract mathematical question of whether there could ever be any systematic mechanical procedure to determine, in a finite number of steps, whether any given string of symbols represented a provable statement or not.
The answer was no. In modern computational terms (which just happened to be how, in an unexpected stroke of genius, Turing framed his argument) no matter how much digital horsepower you have at your disposal, there is no systematic way to determine, in advance, what every given string of code is going to do except to let the codes run, and find out. For any system complicated enough to include even simple arithmetic, no firewall that admits anything new can ever keep everything dangerous out…
There is one problem—and it is the Decision Problem once again. It will never be entirely possible to systematically distinguish truly dangerous ideas from good ones that appear suspicious, without trying them out. Any formal system that is granted (or assumes) the absolute power to protect itself against dangerous ideas will of necessity also be defensive against original and creative thoughts. And, for both human beings individually and for human society collectively, that will be our loss. This is the fatal flaw in the ideal of a security state."
In one sense this problem is not new since governments and private corporations alike have been trying to separate and suppress what they deem to be dangerous ideas for centuries; it's a tradition that goes back to book burning in medieval times. But unlike a book which you can at least read and evaluate, the evaluation of ideas based on snippets, indirect connections, Google links and metadata is tenuous at best and wildly unlikely to accurately succeed. That is the fundamental barrier that agencies who are trying to determine thoughts and actions based on Google searches and Facebook profiles are facing, and it is likely that no amount of sophisticated computing power and data will enable them to solve the general problem.
Ultimately whether it's government agencies, drug hunters, genomics experts or corporations, the temptation to fall prey to what writer Evgeny Morozov calls "technological solutionism" – the belief that key human problems will succumb to the latest technological advances – can be overpowering. But when you are dealing with people's lives you need to be a little more wary of technological solutionism than when you are dealing with the latest household garbage disposal appliance or a new app to help you find nearby ice cream places. There is not just a legal and ethical imperative but a purely scientific one to treat data with respect and to disabuse yourself of the notion that you can completely understand it if only you threw more manpower, computing power and resources at it. A similar problem awaits us in the application of computation to problems in biotechnology and medicine.
At the end of his piece Dyson recounts a conversation he had with Herbert York, a powerful defense establishment figure who designed nuclear weapons, advised presidents and oversaw billions of dollars in defense and scientific funding. York cautions us to be wary of not just Eisenhower's famed military-industrial complex but of the scientific-technological complex that has aligned itself with the defense establishment for the last fifty years. With the advent of massive amounts of data this alignment is honing itself into an entity that can have more power on our lives than ever before. At the same time we have never been in greater need of the scientific and technological tools that will allow us to make sense of the sea of data that engulfs. And that, as York says, is precisely the reason why we need to beware of it.
"York understood the workings of what Eisenhower termed the military-industrial complex better than anyone I ever met. "The Eisenhower farewell address is quite famous," he explained to me over lunch. "Everyone remembers half of it, the half that says beware of the military-industrial complex. But they only remember a quarter of it. What he actually said was that we need a military-industrial complex, but precisely because we need it, beware of it. Now I've given you half of it. The other half: we need a scientific-technological elite. But precisely because we need a scientific-technological elite, beware of it. That's the whole thing, all four parts: military-industrial complex; scientific-technological elite; we need it, but beware; we need it but beware. It's a matrix of four."
It's a lesson that should particularly be taken to heart in industries like biotechnology and pharmaceuticals, where standard, black-box computational protocols are becoming everyday utilities of the trade. Whether it's the tendency to push a button to launch a nuclear war or to sort drugs from non-drugs in a list of millions of candidates, temptation and disaster both await us at the other end.
Labels: data analysis, drug discovery, HTS, NSA
Anonymous 9:35 AM, April 05, 2016
The process of turning data into information--actionable, decision-supporting information--has had a more thorough inspection at the CIA than most people think. The work of Richards Heuer comes to mind; his "Psychology of Intelligence Analysis" is a valuable read. In it, he catalogs the cognitive biases and quirks that come into play in decision-making. It's a more sophisticated and self-aware review than I've seen from the overwhelming majority of scientist/managers I've worked with.
Wavefunction 10:05 AM, April 05, 2016
Thanks for the interesting Heuer reference; will check it out.
James P. Snyder (1939-2016)
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Bekelman TA, Bellows LB, Johnson SL. Are Family Routines Modifiable Determinants of Preschool Children's Eating, Dietary Intake, and Growth? A Review of Intervention Studies. Current Nutrition Reports. 2017; 2(6):171-189.
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Bekelman TA, Santamaría-Ulloa C, Dufour DL, Dengo AL . [Food availability and dietary intake among urban Costa Rican women: A Pilot Study]. Población y Salud en Mesoamérica. 2016; 2(13).
Olszowy KM, Dufour DL, Bender RL, Bekelman TA, Reina JC. Socioeconomic status, stature, and obesity in women: 20-year trends in urban Colombia. Am J Hum Biol. 2012 Sep-Oct; 24(5):602-10. PMID: 22513997.
Perfetti R, Brown TA, Velikina R, Busselen S. Control of glucose homeostasis by incretin hormones. Diabetes Technol Ther. 1999; 1(3):297-305. PMID: 11475276.


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Q: Question on the method to row reduce matrix When I am given a matrix to row reduce usually I would follow the algorithm
Which quickly put is
Look at first entry if 0 and everything below move to right if 1 and everything below (and above) is 0 move diagonally down. Otherwise get the pivot to 1 by multiplying the row by 1/a if a is the pivot entry... the make everything above and below 0 by adding or subtracting a multiple of the pivot row from them rows. Move diagonally down and then terminate.
However I came across a question which involved entries which were fractions involving radicals and when it came to some of the steps in the algorithm it became messy. My question is whether the algorithm is the nicest way to do these problems or if there are things like multiplying a row by the denominator of fractions to get rid of them which should be done first. I don't have the specific question to hand sorry. Thanks

A: Your algorithm will allow you to row reduce any matrix.
As for whether or not your algorithm is "optimal" in the sense that I think you are asking, I believe the answer is no. Unfortunately, there is not really an optimal algorithm for row reduction so as to get the "cleanest" and "nicest" numbers.
As a theoretical computer science exercise, it may be possible to run a series of computations using the entries in your matrix and code an algorithm that will theoretically give the easiest order of row operations. However, from a practical standpoint, it's not realistic to try and follow what would undoubtedly be a very complicated and obnoxious algorithm. Essentially, even if such an algorithm were to exist in theory, actually executing it in practice would likely require you to run so many auxiliary computations to the side so as to render the method less efficient in reality.
Your best bet is to take a good look at your rows before blindly following any algorithm, and seeing if there are any steps you can take at any stage to clean up your computations. Some examples of things to look for could be:

*

*If there are fractions in your matrix, multiplying the row by denominators will clear those.

*If a row appears to be a scalar multiple or a near scalar multiple of another row, you might as well clear the lower one.

*If you have more zeros to the left of your leading entry in a given row than you would expect in the reduced form, move the row down.

and so forth. But practice is the way to go, versus searching for a silver bullet algorithm.

A: The algorithm allows you to perform any elementary row operation at any stage of the process.
Therefore you may multiply a row by the common denominator to get rid of fractions or you may add a multiple a row to another row to simplify operations.
The best time to do so is determined by your skills and probably is as soon as you can.


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text:
The CIA as an Agent of the Right
Posted by Martin Longman | Jun 27, 2005 | Uncategorized | 20 |
…Philip Burnett Franklin Agee was born in 1936. He joined the Central Intelligence Agency in 1957 and worked as a case officer in several Latin American countries…Agee resigned in 1969 and began work on a book about his experiences. Ted Shackley head of the CIA's Western Hemisphere Division, was given the task of trying to stop the book from being published. Agee moved to Cuba and his book Inside the Company: CIA Diary was published in 1975.
I am not a supporter of Philip Agee. He didn't just write a book exposing the methods of the CIA, he took it upon himself to expose the identities of our officers around the world. I'm pretty sure he is responsible for the deaths of more than a few United States intelligence officers, and their agents.
Moreover, he bought into Marxist class analysis to a lamentable degree. And, he has been accused of spying against the United States.
Yet, having said all that, Agee's take on the CIA's activities has a lot of validity. If you strip the following of its obvious Marxist vocabulary, you can see a critique that holds true to today in the Middle East:
Excerpts from the book, CIA Diary: Inside the Company
by Philip Agee, Penguin Books, 1975. p561:
…Secret CIA operations constitute the usually unseen efforts to shore up unjust, unpopular, minority governments, always with the hope that overt military intervention (as in Vietnam and the Dominican Republic) will not be necessary. The more successful CIA operations are, the more remote overt intervention becomes – and the more remote become reforms. Latin America in the 1960s is all the proof one needs.
A book on the CIA could also illustrate how the interests of the privileged minorities in poor countries lead back to, and are identified with, the interests of the rich and powerful who control the US. Counter-insurgency doctrine tries to blur these international class lines by appeals to nationalism and patriotism and by falsely relating movements against the capitalist minorities to Soviet expansionism. But what counter-insurgency really comes down to is the protection of the capitalists back in America, their property and their privileges. US national security, as preached by US leaders, is the security of the capitalist class in the US, not the security of the rest of the people – certainly not the security of the poor except by way of reinforcing poverty. It is from the class interests in the US that our counter-insurgency programmes flow, together with that most fundamental of American foreign policy principles: that any government, no matter how bad, is better than a communist one – than a government of workers, peasants and ordinary people. Our government's support for corruption and injustice in Latin America flows directly from the determination of the rich and powerful in the US, the capitalists, to retain and expand these riches and power…
… The killings at Kent State and Jackson State show clearly enough that sooner or later our counter-insurgency methods would be applied at home.
:::flip:::
The CIA has always been primarily concerned with combating a sizable portion of the world community that has leftist political leanings. Hoover's FBI also took this as their charge.
For most of the Cold War, their was a bipartisan consensus that the Soviet regime was an odious and tyrannical political system. Whatever claims they made for the little guy were more than outweighed by their repression, their lack of respect for the free exercise of religion, basic due process, and human rights.
But the lines between combating repression, and combating legitimate leftist critiques of our foreign, economic, and domestic policies were always blurry.
In the end, the CIA waged an unrelenting jihad against left-leaning thought of all stripes, and therefore became less an agent of national security than a tool for reactionary dominance.
The success of their mission can be seen in the disconnect between America's health and education systems, and those of Canada and Western Europe. Any attempt to offer universal health care, or free education is seen as suspect by a large segment of the American population.
The attempts to reform the CIA, and to weed out the corrupt elitists of the Nixon/Ford era have failed utterly. It's important to remember that the CIA has been as busy delegitimizing the left, as they have been in in protecting us from foreign attack. And it also crucial to realize that many of their activities, like the installation of the Shah in Iran, or the support for jihadists in Afghanistan, or the training of oppressors in Egypt and Saudi Arabia, have mainly served to protect our moneyed class, at the expense of our true national security.
It's true that America has reaped benefits from these corrupt relationships. We have enjoyed a steady supply of cheap oil and gas, for example. But it's time to let the scales fall from our eyes. The CIA has not made us safer, and they have made helping the poor much more difficult.
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Martin Longman
Martin Longman a contributing editor at the Washington Monthly. He is also the founder of Booman Tribune and Progress Pond. He has a degree in philosophy from Western Michigan University.
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Savijača ili štrudla () je kolač od vučenog ili lisnatog tijesta s nadjevima od svježeg voća, konzerviranog voća, povrća (npr. krumpira, blitve, špinata), sira i vrhnja. Kao nadjev koriste se još grožđice,  orasi i mak. Savijače se pripremaju kao slatko ili slano jelo. Pripremljeno vučeno tijesto se razvuče, doda malo masnoće i zaslađeni ili posoljeni nadjev. Savijača se savije, ispeče, a ispečena slatka savijača može se posuti šećerom u prahu.

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      STPPaymentIntentLastPaymentError Class Reference

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                STPApplePayPaymentOption

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                STPIssuingCardPin

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                STPPaymentConfiguration

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                STPPaymentIntentShippingDetails

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                STPPaymentMethodAddress

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                STPPaymentMethodAlipay

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                STPPaymentMethodBLIK

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                STPPaymentMethodBacsDebit

                STPPaymentMethodBacsDebitParams

                STPPaymentMethodBancontact

                STPPaymentMethodBancontactParams

                STPPaymentMethodBillingDetails

                STPPaymentMethodBoleto

                STPPaymentMethodBoletoParams

                STPPaymentMethodCard

                STPPaymentMethodCardChecks

                STPPaymentMethodCardNetworks

                STPPaymentMethodCardParams

                STPPaymentMethodCardPresent

                STPPaymentMethodCardWallet

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                STPPaymentMethodEPS

                STPPaymentMethodEPSParams

                STPPaymentMethodFPX

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                STPPaymentMethodGrabPay

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                STPPaymentMethodKlarna

                STPPaymentMethodKlarnaParams

                STPPaymentMethodLink

                STPPaymentMethodLinkParams

                STPPaymentMethodNetBanking

                STPPaymentMethodNetBankingParams

                STPPaymentMethodOXXO

                STPPaymentMethodOXXOParams

                STPPaymentMethodParams

                STPPaymentMethodPrzelewy24

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                STPPaymentMethodSEPADebit

                STPPaymentMethodSEPADebitParams

                STPPaymentMethodSofort

                STPPaymentMethodSofortParams

                STPPaymentMethodThreeDSecureUsage

                STPPaymentMethodUPI

                STPPaymentMethodUPIParams

                STPPaymentMethodUSBankAccount

                STPPaymentMethodUSBankAccountNetworks

                STPPaymentMethodUSBankAccountParams

                STPPaymentMethodiDEAL

                STPPaymentMethodiDEALParams

                STPPaymentOptionsViewController

                STPPaymentResult

                STPPinManagementService

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                STPSetupIntentLastSetupError

                STPShippingAddressViewController

                STPSource

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                STPSourceOwner

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                STPTheme

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                STPThreeDSUICustomization

                STPToken

                STPUserInformation

                StripeAPI

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                – PaymentMethod

                – PaymentMethodParams

            Enumerations

                STPBankAccountHolderType

                STPBankAccountStatus

                STPBankSelectionMethod

                STPBillingAddressFields

                STPCardBrand

                STPCardErrorCode

                STPCardFormViewStyle

                STPCardFundingType

                STPCardValidationState

                STPCollectBankAccountError

                STPConnectAccountBusinessType

                STPErrorCode

                STPFPXBankBrand

                STPFilePurpose

                STPIntentActionType

                STPKlarnaLineItemType

                STPKlarnaPaymentMethods

                STPMandateCustomerAcceptanceType

                STPPaymentHandlerActionStatus

                STPPaymentHandlerErrorCode

                STPPaymentIntentActionType

                STPPaymentIntentCaptureMethod

                STPPaymentIntentConfirmationMethod

                STPPaymentIntentLastPaymentErrorType

                STPPaymentIntentSetupFutureUsage

                STPPaymentIntentSourceActionType

                STPPaymentIntentStatus

                STPPaymentMethodCardCheckResult

                STPPaymentMethodCardWalletType

                STPPaymentMethodType

                STPPaymentMethodUSBankAccountHolderType

                STPPaymentMethodUSBankAccountType

                STPPaymentStatus

                STPPinStatus

                STPRedirectContextError

                STPRedirectContextState

                STPSetupIntentLastSetupErrorType

                STPSetupIntentStatus

                STPSetupIntentUsage

                STPShippingStatus

                STPShippingType

                STPSourceCard3DSecureStatus

                STPSourceFlow

                STPSourceRedirectStatus

                STPSourceStatus

                STPSourceType

                STPSourceUsage

                STPSourceVerificationStatus

                STPThreeDSButtonTitleStyle

                STPThreeDSCustomizationButtonType

                STPTokenType

            Extensions

                NSError

                UINavigationBar

                View

            Protocols

                ApplePayContextDelegate

                STPAPIResponseDecodable

                STPAUBECSDebitFormViewDelegate

                STPAddCardViewControllerDelegate

                STPApplePayContextDelegate

                STPAuthenticationContext

                STPBackendAPIAdapter

                STPBankSelectionViewControllerDelegate

                STPCardFormViewDelegate

                STPCustomerEphemeralKeyProvider

                STPEphemeralKeyProvider

                STPFormEncodable

                STPFormTextFieldContainer

                STPIssuingCardEphemeralKeyProvider

                STPPaymentCardTextFieldDelegate

                STPPaymentContextDelegate

                STPPaymentOption

                STPPaymentOptionsViewControllerDelegate

                STPShippingAddressViewControllerDelegate

                STPSourceProtocol

            Type Aliases

                STPBooleanSuccessBlock

                STPCustomerCompletionBlock

                STPErrorBlock

                STPFileCompletionBlock

                STPIntentClientSecretCompletionBlock

                STPJSONResponseCompletionBlock

                STPPaymentHandlerActionPaymentIntentCompletionBlock

                STPPaymentHandlerActionSetupIntentCompletionBlock

                STPPaymentIntentCompletionBlock

                STPPaymentMethodCompletionBlock

                STPPaymentMethodsCompletionBlock

                STPPaymentStatusBlock

                STPPinCompletionBlock

                STPRadarSessionCompletionBlock

                STPRedirectContextCompletionBlock

                STPRedirectContextPaymentIntentCompletionBlock

                STPRedirectContextSourceCompletionBlock

                STPSetupIntentCompletionBlock

                STPShippingMethodsCompletionBlock

                STPSourceCompletionBlock

                STPSourceProtocolCompletionBlock

                STPTokenCompletionBlock

                STPVoidBlock

                STPVoidBlock

STPPaymentIntentLastPaymentError

public class STPPaymentIntentLastPaymentError : NSObject

extension STPPaymentIntentLastPaymentError: STPAPIResponseDecodable

A value for code indicating the provided payment method failed authentication./// The payment error encountered in the previous PaymentIntent confirmation.

Seealso

    https://stripe.com/docs/api/payment_intents/object#payment_intent_object-last_payment_error

                Show on GitHub

                    ErrorCodeAuthenticationFailure

A value for code indicating the provided payment method failed authentication.

Declaration

Swift

@objc
public static let ErrorCodeAuthenticationFailure: String

                        Show on GitHub

                    code

For some errors that could be handled programmatically, a short string indicating the error code reported.

Seealso

    https://stripe.com/docs/error-codes

Declaration

Swift

@objc
public let code: String?

                        Show on GitHub

                    declineCode

For card (STPPaymentIntentLastPaymentErrorType.card) errors resulting from a card issuer decline,
a short string indicating the card issuer's reason for the decline if they provide one.

Seealso

    https://stripe.com/docs/declines#issuer-declines

Declaration

Swift

@objc
public let declineCode: String?

                        Show on GitHub

                    docURL

A URL to more information about the error code reported.

Seealso

    https://stripe.com/docs/error-codes

Declaration

Swift

@objc
public let docURL: String?

                        Show on GitHub

                    message

A human-readable message providing more details about the error.
For card (STPPaymentIntentLastPaymentErrorType.card) errors, these messages can be shown to your users.

Declaration

Swift

@objc
public let message: String?

                        Show on GitHub

                    param

If the error is parameter-specific, the parameter related to the error.
For example, you can use this to display a message near the correct form field.

Declaration

Swift

@objc
public let param: String?

                        Show on GitHub

                    paymentMethod

The PaymentMethod object for errors returned on a request involving a PaymentMethod.

Declaration

Swift

@objc
public let paymentMethod: STPPaymentMethod?

                        Show on GitHub

                    type

The type of error.

Declaration

Swift

@objc
public let type: STPPaymentIntentLastPaymentErrorType

                        Show on GitHub

STPAPIResponseDecodable

                    decodedObject(fromAPIResponse:<wbr>)

Declaration

Swift

@objc
public class func decodedObject(fromAPIResponse response: [AnyHashable : Any]?) -> `</span><span class="k">Self</span><span class="err">`?

                        Show on GitHub

© 2022 Stripe. All rights reserved. (Last updated: 2022-11-14)

Generated by jazzy ♪♫ v0.14.1, a Realm project.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Hi'ilawe Falls – Part I
Gillian Bostock
To get to the waterfall, we had to hike a treacherous one-mile trail (or lack there of) through the jungle alongside a stream that wavered back and forth between languid and rambunctious. The entrance to the jungle seemed idyllic enough with the stream gently rounding the bend in the distance and the George-of-the-Jungle rope vines drooping down and over the branches like a countless number of spaghetti strings.
The first quarter mile teased us with its tamed path. Many travelers like myself, dressed only in flimsy shoes and a swimsuit, had come through this way, confident and eager, bending back branches that had imposed upon them. We glanced up through an opening in the jungle to see our destination, a waterfall careening off a cliff fourteen hundred feet up in the air.
Gradually, I began to look down more and more for I had to pay attention to my feet and watch as they stepped over branches and between rocks. My camera sat heavy around my neck and poked me in the stomach and less occasionally but with the clearest of announcements onto my hipbone.
When we reached a lagoon or at least a part of the stream that had collected behind a dam of variously sized boulders, a few of our group stayed behind because the ensuing three-quarters of a mile would require that we wade through shoulder-deep water, climb over slick rocks as big as small cars, and trespass through a taro plantation. Shhh!
The trail, we would soon learn, was about to step it up a notch. A great big one.
Kukuihaele, Hawaii, USA
Hiking, Jungle, Endurance


incapable of being controlled or restrained: uncontrollable anger.
something, as an obligation, that cannot be controlled, reduced, or dispensed with: the uncontrollables in the new federal budget.
Q: So there's no side effects like uncontrollable diarrhea or bleeding profusely through your eyes?
I spend waking hours in a fog of delirium, punctuated by uncontrollable giggle fits, heart palpitations, and mental anguish.
It starts with symptoms that look a lot like a common cold, which then turn into weeks of uncontrollable coughing.
First, at that height the airplane would be way beyond its operational ceiling and uncontrollable.
Sam uttered an uncontrollable howl and sprang upon Penrod, catching him round the waist.
Seized by an uncontrollable impulse he left the cabin and directed his steps towards the square.
I was awakened one night by the uncontrollable weeping of my mother.
The House burst into shouts of uncontrollable laughter, and adjourned for the night.
1570s, "irrefutable," from un- (1) "not" + controllable. From 1590s as "not subject to authority;" meaning "that cannot be restrained" is from 1640s. Related: Uncontrollably.


Why use a designer to help your business innovate?
It's a fair question and one that I actually hadn't been asked until just before Christmas. I was speaking with a lovely guy who owns a national retail business here in Australia after attending the baptism of a mutual friend's baby.
Design process: a journey mapping exercise helps group, filter, prioritise and articulate user questions upon arriving on a website.
I have kept this quote printed on a piece of yellow paper on the wall next to my desk for the last three years and it occurred to me that it really answers my new friend's question.
The design process learned through a solid design education is continually honed and evolved and over time gives designers the confidence and flexibility to tackle any kind of problem. A thoughtful and well trained designer can create solutions as unique as the problems they seek to answer. While being versed in business best practise guidelines and formulas is incredibly useful they can't help differentiate a product or service in an original way. The design process by it's very nature creates opportunity for innovation.
The purpose of the design process is to make unseen connections and combine ideas to solve problems.
Getting conceptual ideas and innovative thinking across the line requires clarity and simplicity. The design process visualises information making new ideas accessible.
Imagination allows the design process to look at problems from multiple perspectives finding solutions that empathise with the people you are designing for. The design process encourages imaginative, divergent thinking and dreaming to create new opportunities while also allowing designers to be comfortable with the unknown.
The design process, Design Thinking and Human-Centred Design are however not simply the domain of designers. They are tools that can and should be learned by everyone. IDEO.org in partnership with Acumen offer a free 6 week introduction to Human-Centred Design on the NovoEd platform which I highly recommend for you and your team. Otherwise Hart Black is due to launch workshops to do just this in the coming months. Watch this space.


Following the release of "The Whole World's Goin' Crazy", Myles Goodwyn decided he wanted to record a solo album, focusing on his early influences, such as Buddy Holly and the Everley Brothers.
However, April Wine could not afford to take such a long break at this time, and much of the solo material was converted into band material, resulting in the album "Forever For Now".
The album featured all kinds of sounds, including country and western, latin, Caribbean, blues, easy listening, and rock.
The single You Won't Dance With Me became a surprise hit, selling more copies than any other April Wine single ever had. Both the single and the album went platinum.


With only a few clicks you'll be able to look up the GEICO Partner your house insurance coverage coverage is with to seek out coverage service choices and make contact with info. We're able to offer you low cost automobile insurance coverage as a result of, we never make any assumptions. Multiple car insurance coverage insurance policies or plans are based mostly on an inexpensive estimate of the typical annual distance expected powered are offered by the insured; This low cost benefits drivers who typically drive their automobiles. Check with each company to be taught their weight restrict insurance policies and different vital data. It's nonetheless possible to accumulate a very low cost van insurance coverage policy which is totally comprehensive.
Looking ahead, once we checked in mid-March it was possible to guide an financial system automotive with a full-to-full gas coverage throughout the May half time period vacation for as little as £four.04/day in Malaga and £6.14/day in Tenerife. I mean it…With only N150K you'll get your dream automotive now…Here is Nigeria..Not In Any Overseas COUNTRY…..I mean Here in Nigeria.
If you want to save in your subsequent rental, use this link to get a free upgrade through Enterprise Nationally, Enterprise appears to have the most important choice of cars to choose from (and so they're often model new!). Walaa Insurance: Third Party Vehicle Insurance of Walaa Insurance offers protection to the insured for third celebration liability losses only, which incorporates both property as well as bodily damage to a 3rd celebration.
Sir I need to make a RC motor automotive for robotics fest of sort stage 1. I want to know the circuit diagram and connection of remote management which have brakes in order that the automobile not get lay down when stop on excessive slopes. If you are over 50 years old, you and your spouse can grow to be members of the American Association of retired people (AARP) for only $12.50 per 12 months for US citizens; Deep discount insurance coverage and are currently linked to a company, thus in a position, you an online low cost car insurance coverage quote sort. Filling out a brief online form is often all it takes to search out free automobile insurance rates.
At $936 every year by and huge, Youngstown is nearly 34% more costly than the imply yearly protection price in OH. In case you're looking for cheap auto protection in Youngstown, incorporate USAA, Grange Mutual, and GEICO Insurance in your examination procuring. Although this is less fun than a RWD sports activities automobile, your parents (if you're nonetheless in high school) and insurance agent will in all probability respect it! Drivers here can pay about $1,336 to insure their cars each year – this charges are simply three% larger than the standard city in Georgia.


In December, the response team stationed in Grand Isle celebrated 1,000 days incident free operations. Congratulations!
Kerry began his career with Danos in October 2013 as a project manager on the Deep Water Horizon environmental response team. He currently serves as an operation manager.


text:
Brock Winzeler
Freeus, LLC launches next generation Belle mPERS
Device is certified on Verizon 4G LTE Network, and offers 30-day battery life and water-resistance
SSN Staff
OGDEN, Utah—Freeus, LLC, a wholesale mobile personal emergency response system (mPERS), announced the launch of the next generation of Belle®mPERS, certified on the Verizon 4G LTE network.
Read more about Freeus, LLC launches next generation Belle mPERS
Freeus starts PERS University
New educational content will be exclusive to the company's dealers
Spencer Ives
OGDEN, Utah—Freeus, an mPERS manufacturer based here, will be offering dealers education on how to enter and grow in the personal emergency response system space, called PERS University. Freeus will offer webinars, videos, one-on-one guidance and marketing materials.
Read more about Freeus starts PERS University
Apple Watch SOS and mPERS: Apples and oranges?
PERS execs compare features, assess competition
YARMOUTH, Maine—On first inspection, the Apple Watch's newly announced 'SOS' feature may seem similar to an mPERS device, but PERS experts who spoke to Security Systems News said comparing an Apple Watch with an mPERS device is like comparing apples and oranges.
Read more about Apple Watch SOS and mPERS: Apples and oranges?
Monitoring Matters
Industry reacts to Apple, other possible PERS threats
In last week's Monitoring Matters blog, I discussed the Apple Watch's new SOS feature, and its similarities and differences between PERS functions. A few security professionals took me up on the opportunity to respond.
Daniel Oppenheim, VP of Affiliated Monitoring, said that the heightened consumer awareness of personal emergency features could grow the market, instead of cannibalize it, and that the demographics are different. "I think the Apple Watch, specifically, is for a more mobile, more active, more tech-savvy person who would not yet be an mPERS or PERS customer." Affiliated hosted a PERS-focused conference in May.
He pointed to Amazon, and its Echo product, as another possible entrant. "In its current iteration, the Amazon Echo is not competition, but it is a harbinger of things to come, which is the realization that consumer products now have the ability to replicate or even improve on the current technology offerings of our industry."
Oppenheim said that neither are large concerns, but something the industry should keep an eye on. "I don't view either [Amazon Echo's virtual assistant] Alexa or the Apple Watch as a near-term threat to the PERS industry—I think it's something that we need to be focused on."
Brock Winzeler, GM of mPERS manufacturer Freeus, didn't see much threat in the announced Apple SOS feature. "I don't think the impact would be significant," he said. "The reason is: It is very, very difficult to replace the services that we offer. … Our devices call a monitoring center that is specifically built to handle PERS phone calls and PERS emergencies."
Oppenheim shared a similar sentiment on the value of a monitoring center. "That crucial decision making process, by which an operator can have a conversation and identify whether or not help is needed—and stay on the line with the customer as help is on its way, for those that do need it—I do not see that being replaced by technology."
Speaking more generally on voice interaction, Oppenheim said that the technology could become more prevalent in the future. "It seems complex now, but in a short period of time, the concept of voice interaction with a virtual assistant will become commonplace."
Winzeler also said there is a technology barrier for the traditional PERS demographics. "I think you'll have a really tough time getting the senior demographic to adopt this type of technology. I think it's just a little more challenging."
Rich Darling, CEO of Instant Care, an OEM PERS manufacturer, also said that PERS and Apple Watch feature differ due to their target users' abilities. "It is our belief that the Apple watch is a fantastic device for the tech savvy user. However, as a … PERS OEM we have found that the most successful products targeting the PERS market are designed to require very little from the user, and perform as required when the need arises."
Read more about Industry reacts to Apple, other possible PERS threats
Market Trends: The golden years of the PERS market
Not all PERS device users are in their golden years; however, a user could be a 68-year-old long distance runner
Kenneth Z. Chutchian
YARMOUTH, Maine—The users of personal emergency response systems (PERS) are getting younger. They are generally technologically savvy. The technology is getting more advanced. And so monitoring stations, manufacturers and dealers have reasons to believe the golden age of PERS market growth has begun.
Read more about Market Trends: The golden years of the PERS market
Freeus more than doubles customers in post-acquisition year
Company to show off first Freeus product at ISC West
OGDEN, Utah—Since Freeus' acquisition of Securus' PERS assets in early March 2015, the company has doubled its customer base and now has more than 100 dealers.
Read more about Freeus more than doubles customers in post-acquisition year


text:
Q: Bash: Using Python-function Ceil - How to do ceil of the product of two variables? I tried to run the following code, which is inside of a Bash-script.
NUMBER=600
LOSS_RATE=0,3
TOT_PKT=100

test=$(python -c "from math import ceil; print ceil($NUMBER * 500.0)")
test2=$(python -c "from math import ceil; print ceil($NUMBER * $LOSS_RATE)")
echo $test
echo $test2

I get the following printed out:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: ceil() takes exactly one argument (2 given)
300000.0

The first Python-command is executed, but the second causes the given TypeError. How do I do to resolve this?

A: Python uses . as the decimal point since , is the argument separator. So if you use LOSS_RATE=0.3 everything should work fine:
> NUMBER=600
> LOSS_RATE=0.3
> python -c "from math import ceil; print ceil($NUMBER * $LOSS_RATE)"
180.0

The problem lies in the shell script. echo instead of python -c the code and you'll see it:
> echo "from math import ceil; print ceil($NUMBER * $LOSS_RATE)"
from math import ceil; print ceil(600 * )

You never define LOSS_RATE. However, this results in a SyntaxError. Since you get a different error it sounds like LOSS_RATE is set to something containing a comma.


These guidelines will help groups run successful community conservation projects.
They look at the practical needs and typical steps involved in the different stages of a community conservation project, particularly those involving partnerships.
Agency efforts benefit from local knowledge.
Local groups, in turn, benefit from expert advice.
A shared sense of responsibility and community pride is built.
Things get done quicker and often more cheaply.
Trust is developed between different groups and interests.
Skills and capacity are increased.
Enforcement costs reduce (involvement can encourage self-regulation).
This toolkit provides practical information for people involved with community conservation projects. Working together with others in the community to achieve a conservation task can be a new experience for many – exciting but at the same time daunting.
Facilitate effective meetings. How to plan and facilitate effective meetings, and make effective presentations.
Consult with others. Many community conservation projects require consultation with others to allow people to have input into your plans and inform them about what's happening.
Manage conflict in a group. How conflict might arise in a group and how to deal with it.
Organise meetings and events. How to organise a major meeting or event.
Basic group techniques. Get simple ideas to help your group work more effectively.
Group planning. This involves one or more of the following stages: vision, goals, objectives and actions.
Review events or group progress. Evaluation methods to evaluate your community events and review your group's progress.
Group structures. Common structures available to community groups.


Welcome to my class website!
Please visit the links on the left to find information about what we are doing, have done, and will do in our class. You can also find up-to-date information regarding field trips the third grade classes will be taking together.
Have fun and enjoy the website!


Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash.
This paper investigates the feasibility of diagnosing intraurethral obstructions in males by means of a pressure pulse technique. Initial discussion centers on some of the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the male lower urinary tract for both normal and abnormal (obstructed) conditions. Present methods of diagnosis are reviewed and the limitations of these techniques are discussed. An alternate method of diagnosis is then described which is based on examination of wave reflection behavior in the urethra during micturition after a pressure pulse is generated by means of quick-acting valve downstream of the meatus. Numerical results based on a proposed analytical model show that reflected waves from upstream obstructions can be detected, even for partial valve closure, and that induced peak pressures can be maintained within acceptable physiological limits. These results imply that the technique should be useful as a means of diagnosing obstructions in the male lower urinary tract.
Lai-Fook SJ, Gessner FB. Analysis of Pressure Wave Reflection in the Male Urethra for the Purpose of Diagnosing Obstructions. ASME. J. Fluids Eng. 1974;96(4):323-332. doi:10.1115/1.3447165.


James Dubrouillet's trek to the priesthood has followed a circuitous route, from Missouri to Texas to South Carolina and seminary training in Washington and Maryland, but following his ordination to the priesthood by Bishop David Thompson at the Cathedral of St. John the Baptist in Charleston on July 12, he will be happy to just settle into parish life in South Carolina.
A native of Mexico, Missouri, Deacon Dubrouillet holds a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering from Texas A&M University, as well as a master's degree in that field from Purdue University in Indiana.
He credits three priests assigned to the Catholic Student Center at A&M, Father Leon Streider, Jesuit Father Marvin Kitten, and Father Al Palermo, for furthering his inclination to a religious vocation. The Catholic parish at the school, St. Mary's in College Station, has long been known as a strong recruiting ground for future priests, as many Texas dioceses receive large numbers of vocations from the college each year.
Following his graduation from Purdue in 1990, Dubrouillet began working at the Savannah River Power Plant near Aiken as an engineer in plutonium and tridium production.
He described the Carmelites as "an active, contemplative group," and said he "still has friends in the Carmelites," but in approaching ordination with the order, he discovered it was "not for me." While with the Carmelites, Doubrouillet worked as a carpenter for a summer, rebuilding an air handling system in one of their buildings and repairing a rock stairway. "It was a good way to relax and exercise," he stated.
For the last four years, Doubrouillet has been studying at Mount Saint Mary's College in Emmitsburg, Maryland. He served his summer assignments with Father Thomas Evatt at St. Mary, Help of Christians, in Aiken in 1995 and with Msgr. Charles Rowland at St. Joseph in Columbia in 1996.
In citing his family's role on his vocation, Dubrouillet said a main factor was his 92-year-old maternal grandmother Minnie, who got up every morning at 5 a.m., spent 45 minutes at home praying, and attended daily Mass.


March was a month of Indonesian helicopter charter here at The Lighthouse Consultancy. No matter who you are, or how often you do it, flying over incredible scenery is always a special experience. The Komodo National Park and the Raja Ampat islands have scenery that is simply breathtaking.
With the Indonesian cruising grounds on such a large scale sometimes a helicopter is the only way to fit it all in. With transfer logistics simplified and incredible photographic sightseeing opportunities en-route to the waiting yachts, a helicopter charter flight is a fantastic start and finish to any trip.
But March has been a busy one even by our standards. On one day we had four helicopters servicing yachts across the country, in Papua and in Komodo National Park. One of the yachts was a larger group and so the Lighthouse team arranged a tandem transfer to the waiting yacht, it's difficult to get a smoother arrival. It was a spectacular embarkation and disembarkation for these yacht owners.
Make the best of the incredible scenery to be found here in Indonesia and shorten the transfer times between airport and yacht by flying helicopters to start your Indonesian adventures. Supported by The Lighthouse Consultancy. Contact us to arrange your Indonesian helicopter charter.


Jumpsuit by miss selfridge, done in one, round neck, cut-out front, raglan sleeves, tie waist, stretch waistband, button-keyhole back, regular cut, fits you just right. Miss selfridge takes you from day to date night with its off-duty looks and full-on glamour. Solve what-to-wear dilemmas with its dresses and accessories that combine inherent femininity and an impressive attention to detail.


text:
> Dellacqua and Barty earn No.1 reward
Dellacqua and Barty earn No.1 reward
It was a busy day for Casey Dellacqua as the Aussie played twice with mixed fortunes at the Australian Open.
23 January 2017 | Alex Sharp
First up Casey partnered friend Ash Barty on Hisense Arena to storm into the Women's Doubles quarter-finals.
The duo, who made three Grand Slams finals as a pairing in 2013, sparked 34 winners to trigger five breaks and prevailed 6-4 6-4 over Anna-Lena Groenefeld and Kveta Peschke.
"Yeh, we're really excited," said an ecstatic Dellaqua. "We have been at the this stage of the tournament before but we haven't played together in a long time at a Slam, so this is really exciting to be out here with Ash."
Barty, who enjoyed a run to the singles third round at Melbourne Park, is clearly relishing playing back alongside her friend.
"I don't know about my form but this one hasn't missed a beat at all. It's nice to come out here knowing I can trust Case 100 per cent, knowing exactly what she's going to do, she'll bring the best.
It's great we're being rewarded for our play," said the 20-year-old.
"That's always been the front of our doubles, going out there to have fun and enjoy it. Win or lose, we want to play with a smile on our face and leave it all out on the court. We can always go off without regrets."
Reward for such progress, a match-up with No.1 seeds Caroline Garcia and Kristina Mladenovic .
So a couple of hours later and Dellacqua was back on court with fellow Aussie Matt Reid to take on the formidable pairing of Martina Hingis and Leander Paes. Unfortunately for the interests of the green and gold Hingis and Paes headed through 6-2 6-3 on Rod Laver Arena.
Over to the Men's Doubles and fourth seeds Henri Kontinen and John Peers edged into the last eight following a thrilling contest.
The Barclays ATP World Tour Finals champions navigated past 14th seeds Juan Sebastian Cabal partnering Robert Farah from a set down 6-7(3) 7-6(5) 7-6(1).
Next up they'll tackle a green and gold duo in the towering form of Sam Groth alongside Chris Guccione.
The big serving Aussies managed a 7-6(9) 6-3 triumph on a packed Hisense Arena over Marcus Daniell and Marcelo Demoliner.
Related Aussie profiles
Casey Dellacqua
Chris Guccione
John Peers
Barty withdraws from Wimbledon doubles
Aussies Schoolkate, Peers win at Wimbledon
Barty sees positives despite Wimbledon defeat


When John the Baptist saw the sky crack open and the Holy Spirit descend on Jesus like a dove all he could utter was, "Behold, the Lamb of God that takes away the sin of the world." And then John sent two of his disciples to follow Jesus.
Did you ever wonder why John didn't also follow his Lord? Did you wonder why he continued to baptize after he revealed Jesus to the world? And did you ever wonder why his message changed from, "Repent for the kingdom of heaven is at hand!" to "Herod, it is not lawful for you to take your brother's wife as your own."
How is that preparing the way for the coming of the Lord?
The following is a study of John 1:19-37.