text:
NASA to launch Earth-watching satellite5 min read
Sebastien ClarkeFebruary 11, 201300460
When NASA's Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM) launches today, it will deliver to orbit the latest and most capable Earth-observing satellite in a four-decade long project to study the surface of our planet.
Examining Earth at a resolution of a quarter of an acre, the Landsat satellites have enabled a better understanding of deforestation, glacial retreat, the shrinking Antarctic ice sheet, increasing wildfires and other big changes taking place across the planet.
"All of these changes are occurring at rates unprecedented in human history due to an increasing population," LDCM project scientist Jim Irons, of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., said during a press conference Friday (Feb 8).
"We will be able to continue monitoring these changes from the best Landsat satellite ever launched," he added.
A forty-year project
When astronauts first left the surface of the Earth in the 1960s, some of their first science objectives involved mapping the planet's surface. But such mapping, linked to human exploration of space, came in starts and stops, failing to provide consistent data.
'Whenever you're on Google Earth and you go into a regional level, where you look at a state, do you know what you're looking at? Landsat data.'
– Kass Green, president of Kass Green & Associates, a private company that relies on Landsat data
The Landsat program, a joint effort of NASA and the United States Geological Survey (USGS), changed all that.
Originally called the Earth Resources Technology Satellites Program when it was proposed in 1966, Landsat officially received the green light in 1970 and first reached orbit with Landsat 1 in 1972.
Each new satellite has overlapped with its predecessor, sometimes for years. Landsat 7, launched in 1999, still functions in limited capacity, while Landsat 5 was recently decommissioned after more than 28 years of service.
The LDCM spacecraft — set to blast off Monday at 1:02 p.m. EST (1802 GMT/10:02 a.m. PST) from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California — will be the eighth satellite in the program.
It will be renamed Landsat 8 after launch and a series of on-orbit checkouts. The USGS will take over operation of the spacecraft at that point, about three months after liftoff.
Orbiting the Earth every 90 minutes, the Landsat satellites image the entire planet over the course of 16 days. When two work together, changes on the surface are captured every eight days.
Although the technology behind the satellites has improved, the programs manage enough consistency that data from the newest satellite is easily comparable to data from the original.
Each Landsat pixel measures 98 feet on a side, capturing enough detail for scientists to glean a great deal of information about environmental change and surface processes.
In 2009, the possibilities for Landsat data grew significantly when the entire image library was placed on the Internet for anyone to use free of charge. The archived data, which is managed by the USGS, is the longest continuous record of Earth's land surface as seen from space.
"The Landsat data plays a critical role in enabling scientific inquiry," said Mike Wulder of the Canadian Forest Service in Victoria, British Columbia. "Over time, the systematic collection and archiving of imagery since the inception of the Landsat program has enabled sophisticated scientific analysis to be taken."
The continuous, detailed Landsat coverage creates a wide range of possible uses.
Key among those is the management of water resources. Although almost three-fourths of the planet is covered with water, only a small fraction is available for human consumption.
"Ensuring the wise use of that scarce resource and maintaining the quality of the water within our water supply is a critical societal goal," said Tom Loveland, USGS Landsat science team manager.
Government officials use Landsat observations to monitor deforestation inside their borders. Forest services can monitor the intrusion of pests such as the mountain pine beetle and determine how they will impact day-to-day operations.
Before Landsat arrived on the scene, the forest service would make a circle on a conventional map to indicate where they thought such an infestation might be, Wulder said. Today, using Landsat data, they can look at contextual clues from the detailed coverage to determine a more precise location.
"The imagery is really allowing them to tackle different problems with a number of different approaches," Wulder said.
Landsat assisted in the identification of the breakup of West Antarctic ice shelves, which change slowly over time. By studying the shear margins, where ice flows connect to ice masses or rocky walls, scientists were able to determine the long-term change happening in Antarctica .
Landsat also helps with the management of wildfires, allowing scientists to map and monitor vegetation and fire trends and better understand the results once a fire has passed. The U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency also uses data from the satellites as part of a flood mitigation program.
"Both of these programs use Landsat data to measure risk, and to help our country as a whole to avoid that risk and to respond to national disasters when they occur," said Kass Green, president of Kass Green & Associates, a private company that relies on Landsat data for its remote sensing and mapping programs.
Opening Landsat to the public means that not all of its applications deal with sustaining human life. Google Earth also makes use of the freely available imagery.
"Whenever you're on Google Earth and you go into a regional level, where you look at a state, do you know what you're looking at?" Green asked. "Landsat data."
Keeping the observations going
Landsat's continuous coverage over more than four decades has been a tremendous boon for the United States and the world, researchers said. The program's 40-year history allows scientists to track not only seasonal changes but also subtle, long-term shifts in vegetation stress and water levels.
With the addition of Landstat 8 to the program, "our record will move from 40 years to 45 to 50 years, or hopefully beyond," Loveland said.
But scientists emphasized that it should not be the last mission.
"What we must all do is look forward," Green said. "We must ensure there is a Landstat program that will ensure that future generations can look back and see where we've been so they can plan where we're going."
Earth-observing mission is in 40th year
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Monday launch continues 40-year-old, Earth-observing mission
NASA Poised to Launch Powerful New Earth-Watching Satellite Monday
NASA to launch Earth-watching satellite Monday
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Drama Michael Fassbender and Katie Jarvis in Fish Tank () Michael Fassbender in Fish Tank () Kierston Wareing in Fish Tank () Fish Tank (). Plot Summary - Fish Tank from Fish Tank - Michael Fassbender in Fish Tank - Conor. Fish Tank is a British drama film written and directed by Andrea Arnold. The film is about Mia Williams, a volatile and socially isolated year-old who lives Plot - Production - Music - Release. Critics Consensus: Cannes Jury Prize-winner Fish Tank is gritty British realism . not really original or insightful, the winner of the Cannes Jury Prize in is a.
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I can understand why some people might recoil at the thought of another British film set on a council estate. Is it worthy? Condescending? Grim? Is it more evid. Everything changes for 15 year old Mia when her mum brings home a new boyfriend. 6 Oct Fish tank () Case Study. 1. Fish TankA Case Study; 2. The film had a budget of 2 million pounds and was shot in 30 days. The UK Film. Social drama. A troubled teenager from an Essex housing estate finds herself drawn to her mother's new boyfriend. Cast & Credits. Show more. Cast. Mia.


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text:
Maximizing Singapore Airlines KrisFlyer Partner Awards
by Jason Steele
Even if you've never set foot on a Singapore Airlines plane (or visited Singapore, for that matter), you probably have access to plenty of the carrier's KrisFlyer miles. That's because Singapore is one of the only airlines that partners with all four of the major transferable point programs: American Express Membership Rewards, Chase Ultimate Rewards, Citi ThankYou Rewards and Capital One (the newest addition as of December 10, 2018). It's also a Marriott Bonvoy transfer partner. And since Singapore Airlines almost never releases premium class award seats to partners, KrisFlyer miles can be extremely valuable to travel in some of the best products in the sky.
That said, the KrisFlyer program can also be useful for redemptions on its 27 Star Alliance partners and five other airline partners. In fact, there are some sweet spots within its partner award charts that make KrisFlyer partner awards worth considering over other programs. Unfortunately, premium class awards on Singapore's partners were devalued as of April 16, 2019, but there are still some solid options for you to consider.
To help you maximize your next redemption, this post will run down everything you need to know about booking partner awards through Singapore Airlines KrisFlyer.
In This Post
Award Charts
Let's start with some basics. The KrisFlyer program has multiple award charts, including its two main ones for travel on its own flights and those operated by its Star Alliance partners (warning: PDF links):
Singapore Airlines and SilkAir Award Chart
Each one of its non-alliance partners has its own, separate award chart (warning: all below links are PDFs):
Vistara (a Chinese carrier based in Shanghai)
Juneyao (an Indian carrier based in Delhi)
How to Book Awards
In theory, Star Alliance and other partner awards can now be booked online and in Singapore's app, so you should no longer need to call the airline. However, based on my experiences, the Singapore website is really only useful for booking flights operated by Singapore and Silkair. While it was able to find some partner flights, it missed many of the options I found on United.com, which should have the same access to Star Alliance award flights that Singapore does. It also has a relatively slow search engine and provides minimal options for flexible searches like a calendar view or ability to see multiple classes at once.
As a result, I'd suggest starting with another Star Alliance site to find award availability. Once you find available award flights, you can try to replicate the itinerary on Singapore's site, but you'll probably have to call to actually book. Fortunately, Singapore Airlines' US call center is open 24 hours a day, and the carrier doesn't charge phone booking fees. Just be advised that when their representatives quote the taxes and fees in dollars, they are usually referring to Singapore dollars (which are presently worth about 72 US cents).
Routing Rules
You can book Alaska Airlines flights using KrisFlyer miles but can't combine other carriers on the same itinerary. (Photo by FG/Bauer-Griffin/GC Images)
Every airline has its own rules that determine which flights you can and cannot book with your miles. You can read Singapore's entire terms and conditions, but here are the highlights:
Most partners flights can be combined. You can combine Singapore/SilkAir flights with flights from other Star Alliance carriers. However, flights on non-alliance partners must be ticketed separately in accordance with their own award charts.
You can book one-way awards. This is now permitted for flights on all carriers. Just be sure to look carefully at the applicable award chart, since some are priced as one-way and others are round-trip.
There's a six-segment maximum. You can't have more than six individual flights on an itinerary, but you can book two separate one-way itineraries to have a greater number of permitted segments.
You can't backtrack. Singapore Airlines has a "no-backtracking" rule that doesn't seem to be very specific. The terms and conditions simply say, "Travel must be made via the most direct route." Clearly one can't backtrack across regions, as most airlines forbid on award tickets, but there are reports that even small backtracking segments are not permitted. However, I've personally booked and flown Singapore Airlines from Delhi (DEL) to New York-JFK via Singapore (SIN) and Frankfurt (FRA) as a one-way award, so clearly they do allow backtracking in some situations.
You're allowed one free stopover on round-trip awards. However, this doesn't apply to flights entirely within Europe or on flights within/between the United States, Canada, Puerto Rico or the US Virgin Islands. Stopovers are defined as any layover over 24 hours, or anything over 4 hours within or between the United States, Canada, Puerto Rico or U.S. Virgin Islands. You can also add up to three additional stopovers for $100 USD each, though there are no free stopovers on one-way awards.
Fuel Surcharges
As is the case with most foreign carriers, Singapore imposes fuel surcharges, often labeled "carrier-imposed" surcharges, on most partner award tickets, though it did drop fuel surcharges on flights operated by Singapore and its SilkAir subsidiary in 2017.
Current exceptions include:
United Airlines flights within the Americas
Virgin Australia domestic flights
In addition, fuel surcharges for LOT Polish flights are very low.
Best KrisFlyer Partner Awards
Avianca flights to Southern South American are a great deal through KrisFlyer, especially since they'll incur no fuel surcharges.
Here are some of the partner award sweet spots offered by the Singapore KrisFlyer program (all award prices are for round-trip itineraries):
North America to Southern South America in business class. Singapore charges 115,000 vs. 120,000 on United. Flights on United or Avianca will have no fuel surcharges. However, if you're booking Avianca-operated flights and have access to Amex or Citi points, be sure to compare award rates through Avianca LifeMiles, as certain destinations to the US are just 45,000 miles each way in business class.
Mainland North America to Hawaii. United, Avianca LifeMiles and Air Canada's Aeroplan program charge 45,000 miles to fly from the US to Hawaii in economy class and 80,000 miles for business class. However, Singapore only charges 35,000 and 69,000 miles for these United-operated flights, respectively.
North American flights in business and first class. Flights within the United States and Canada (excluding Hawaii) are priced at 40,000 for first class on a two-class flight or business class on a plane with a separate first and business class cabin. 60,000 miles are needed for a first class award on a three-class flight. United charges 50,000 and 70,000 miles, respectively.
Flights within "Hawaii/Central America". Singapore's chart considers Hawaii and Central America to be within the same zone, which also includes Bermuda, the Caribbean, Mexico and Puerto Rico. Flights within this region are 46,000 miles for economy and 69,000 miles for business class. Conceivably, you could fly round-trip from Aruba to Hawaii on one award for as little as 46,000 miles. To take advantage of this, you might pre-position yourself in the Caribbean, Mexico, Central America or Bermuda before beginning an award to Hawaii, with a stopover in your home city in each direction (the second stop-over will cost $100), and an open-jaw return to another destination within the Central America/Hawaii zone (not including Puerto Rico or the US Virgin Islands). It would take a lot of planning, but you should be able to get two additional one-way tickets to Bermuda, Central America, or the Caribbean for the same number of miles as a simple Hawaii award, plus an additional $100. This would seem to work best if you live in a United or Air Canada hub, or any city from which those partners serve Hawaii.
Alaska Airlines flights. Singapore's Alaska award chart is surprisingly generous, unless you want to fly to Hawaii or Alaska in first class. Otherwise, economy awards start at 7,500 miles each way and top off at 12,500 miles, including Hawaii, Alaska, Canada, Costa Rica, Mexico and Cuba.
Earning Singapore KrisFlyer Miles
As noted above, the KrisFlyer program is a partner of all three major transferable point programs (along with Marriott Rewards). As a result, you can transfer points earned on a number of different cards to Singapore to lock-in these award tickets:
American Express Membership Rewards: Earn points on cards like the American Express® Gold Card or The Platinum Card® from American Express. Transfers from Membership Rewards to Singapore should be completed in less than 24 hours.
Chase Ultimate Rewards: Earn points on cards like the Chase Sapphire Reserve, Chase Freedom Unlimited or Ink Business Preferred Credit Card, though you'll need to combine your points into an account that allows transfers to partners rather than just cash-back rewards. Transfers from Ultimate Rewards to Singapore should process the same day but could take up to two business days to arrive.
Citi ThankYou Rewards: Earn points on cards like the Citi Premier Card or Citi Prestige. You can even share your points with any other ThankYou Rewards member, though shared points expire 90 days after receipt. Be aware that transfers from Citi to Singapore will generally take a day to process.
Capital One: This issuer upped its game significantly in November 2018 with the addition of a dozen transfer partners, and Singapore KrisFlyer was added less than a month after the initial launch. This allows you to transfer miles from cards like the Capital One Venture Rewards Credit Card directly to the program, though unfortunately it's at a less-than-stellar 2:1 ratio and doesn't appear to process instantly. Nevertheless, additional options are always a good thing.
Singapore Airlines' reputation has been forged thanks primarily to its terrific premium classes and the recent relaunch of the world's longest flight, but its KrisFlyer program has some solid redemption options for partner award flights as well. It's also exceedingly easy to bank a ton of Singapore miles thanks to its partnership with all of the major transferable point programs. While the April devaluation removes some value from these partner awards, if you're looking to redeem credit card rewards for your next trip, especially for any of the above Star Alliance flights, be sure to consider KrisFlyer as your program of choice.
How have you utilized Singapore KrisFlyer partner awards?
Jason Steele has been a Senior Points and Miles Contributor for TPG since 2012. He covers credit cards, loyalty programs and family travel.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: android:parsing through json This is the Json string I have to parse.
[{"Vehicle":{"display_name":"Anoop","id":"9","tank_capacity":"0.00"},
"Personnel":{"display_name":null,"id":null},
"DeviceLog":{"latitude":"11.182010","longitude":"75.870165","direction":"0","place":"0","speed":"0.00","stop_time":"15245","status":"1","tank_status":"0.00","mileage":"0.00","alerts":null,"kms_left":"0.00","gps_time":"16-07-2011 10:47:23"}}]

I tried following code.My aim is to get the values retrieved from json in logcat.
JSONObject json=new JSONObject(result1);
JSONObject vehicle=json.getJSONObject("Vehicle");
JSONObject deviceLog=json.getJSONObject("DeviceLog");

String vehicleName=vehicle.getString("display_name");
int vehicleId=vehicle.getInt("id");

Double latitude=deviceLog.getDouble("latitude");
Double longitude=deviceLog.getDouble("longitude");

System.out.println(vehicleId +"  "+ vehicleName+ "  "+ latitude+"  "+longitude);

I am not sure with this code.This is what my logcat is showing.
12-03 13:36:32.983: W/System.err(693): org.json.JSONException: A JSONObject text must begin with '{' at character 1 of [{"Vehicle":{"display_name":"galaxy","id":"14","tank_capacity":"0.00"},"Personnel":{"display_name":null,"id":null},"DeviceLog":{"latitude":"9.589788","longitude":"76.530592","direction":"0","place":"Kumarakom Lake Resort(0.12km)","speed":"0.00","stop_time":"704","status":"1","tank_status":"0.00","mileage":"0.00","alerts":null,"kms_left":"0.00","gps_time":"03-12-2011 14:12:12"}}]
12-03 13:36:33.054: W/System.err(693):  at org.json.JSONTokener.syntaxError(JSONTokener.java:448)
12-03 13:36:33.054: W/System.err(693):  at org.json.JSONObject.<init>(JSONObject.java:178)
12-03 13:36:33.063: W/System.err(693):  at org.json.JSONObject.<init>(JSONObject.java:246)
12-03 13:36:33.063: W/System.err(693):  at com.rekonsult.signon.Home.createvehicleSubList(Home.java:56)
12-03 13:36:33.063: W/System.err(693):  at com.rekonsult.signon.Home.onCreate(Home.java:35)
12-03 13:36:33.063: W/System.err(693):  at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1123)
12-03 13:36:33.063: W/System.err(693):  at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2364)
12-03 13:36:33.063: W/System.err(693):  at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2417)
12-03 13:36:33.073: W/System.err(693):  at android.app.ActivityThread.access$2100(ActivityThread.java:116)
12-03 13:36:33.073: W/System.err(693):  at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1794)
12-03 13:36:33.073: W/System.err(693):  at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
12-03 13:36:33.073: W/System.err(693):  at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)
12-03 13:36:33.073: W/System.err(693):  at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4203)
12-03 13:36:33.073: W/System.err(693):  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
12-03 13:36:33.073: W/System.err(693):  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521)
12-03 13:36:33.084: W/System.err(693):  at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:791)
12-03 13:36:33.084: W/System.err(693):  at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:549)
12-03 13:36:33.084: W/System.err(693):  at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)

A: Try this:
JSONArray rec=new JSONArray(result1);

JSONObject json=rec.getJSONObject(0);
JSONObject vehicle=json.getJSONObject("Vehicle");
JSONObject deviceLog=json.getJSONObject("DeviceLog");

String vehicleName=vehicle.getString("display_name");
int vehicleId=vehicle.getInt("id");

Double latitude=deviceLog.getDouble("latitude");
Double longitude=deviceLog.getDouble("longitude");

System.out.println(vehicleId +"  "+ vehicleName+ "  "+ latitude+"  "+longitude);

A: Just Try this Code For Json Parsing:----
    json = JSONfunctions.getJSONfromURL(give_yourUrl);

    JSONObject vehicle=(JSONObject) json.getJSONObject("Vehicle");
    Iterator map=vehicle.keys();
    //Iterator iter = map.iterator();
    while(map.hasNext()){
      String key = (String)map.next();
      String value = vehicle.get(key).toString();
      Log.i("Key",""+key);
      Log.i("Value",""+value); }

  JSONObject deviceLog= (JSONObject) json.getJSONObject("DeviceLog");
  Iterator map=deviceLog.keys();
    //Iterator iter = map.iterator();
    while(map.hasNext()){
      String key = (String)map.next();
      String value = deviceLog.get(key).toString();
      Log.i("Key",""+key);
      Log.i("Value",""+value); }

Create JSONfunctions.java :--
public class JSONfunctions {

public static JSONObject getJSONfromURL(String url){
    InputStream is = null;
    String result = "";
    JSONObject jArray = null;

    //http post
    try{
            HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
            HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url);
            HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            is = entity.getContent();

    }catch(Exception e){
            Log.e("log_tag", "Error in http connection "+e.toString());
    }

  //convert response to string
    try{
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is,"iso-8859-1"),8);
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            String line = null;
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                    sb.append(line + "\n");
            }
            is.close();
            result=sb.toString();
    }catch(Exception e){
            Log.e("log_tag", "Error converting result "+e.toString());
    }

    try{

        jArray = new JSONObject(result);
    }catch(JSONException e){
            Log.e("log_tag", "Error parsing data "+e.toString());
    }

    return jArray;

}
 }

I hope this help...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


TESDA is known as an institution that gives courses of vocational skills and gives people opportunities to land better jobs not only in the country but also abroad. Fortunately, while many think that one has to go personally to TESDA classes, TESDA now offers free wide range online courses.
Free online courses ranges from digital arts and programming to bartending and other skills. This is good news for those who have no budget for a TESDA course or have no time to go to classes. With just a computer and a trusted internet connection, Tesda courses are within your reach.
If you are interested, there are different online programs that are available for you to choose from as they cater for all who wants to develop technical knowledge and skills including OFWs, out of school youths, professionals, and laborers. These TESDA online courses gives you the liberty to choose a program, take the class at your own leisure time and in the comforts of your own home. You must know that though you finish the online courses, you will not get a certificate of completion yet. You will have pass an evaluation test in a Tesda assessment center before yu can get a certificate and use it for job hunting or as an addition to your resume.
You can visit a Tesda office near you to ask for more information. If you have decided to give it a try you can first make an account and register in http://e-tesda.gov.ph. Visit the site e-tesda.gov.ph and click the Login button on the upper right corner. Then when you are directed to the next page, click 'New Account'.
Fill in all the needed information to make a new account. Do not leave a blank space and make sure all your information are right and consistent. Also, make sure that your email is active and valid as a confirmation will be sent there. After all these are done, click 'Create My New Account'.
Next, Login the email that you had provided. Open the email from Tesda. You might not find the email in the inbox to try checking the spam emails. Click the link sent by Tesda and you will be taken to a page where you can choose a program you would like to take. Do not forget to login first.
After choosing a course, you will see the modules that you will have to study. Click 'Enroll Me in This Course' to make a pop up confirmation message appear. Choose Yes to start learning the course. Finish the course and f you want to have a certificate. Pass the test in a Tesda testing center.


text:
Shkëlzen Baftiari (mac. Шкелзен Бафтијари, ur. 1986 w Tetowie) – północnomacedoński pianista.

Życiorys
Ukończył studia na Wydziale Muzycznym Uniwersytetu św. Cyryla i Metodego w Skopje.

Shkëlzen Baftiari brał udział w wielu koncertach w Macedonii Północnej i za granicą, gdzie wielokrotnie był zwycięzcą, m.in. był laureatem Międzynarodowego Konkursu Valentina Bucchiego w Rzymie oraz zwycięzcą Międzynarodowego Konkursu Schumann-Brahms w Płowdiwie.

W 2015 roku otrzymał główną nagrodę za granie muzyki klasycznej dla sztuk performatywnych.

Pracuje również w północnomacedońskim MRT (Macedońskim Radiu i Telewizji), albańskim Radio Televizioni Shqiptar i kosowskim Radio Televizioni i Kosovës.

Przypisy

Urodzeni w 1986
Ludzie urodzeni w Tetowie
Północnomacedońscy muzycy
Pianiści klasyczni
Macedończycy pochodzenia albańskiego
Absolwenci Uniwersytetu Świętych Cyryla i Metodego w Skopju

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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casts the flocks and flowers, any way they go.
So good, so sure, VB. Love this poem.
Poetry may be one of the few things that can carry us these days… as personal and public loss encroach upon our lives. You are always there, with the sure and brilliant poetic revelation. I am grateful!
Good job, guy….Love the line "when we become so unlike ourselves". What a dark time we are in, except within our own state's boundaries…Barelas breakfast soon?


The result is a wild allegorical tour of the entire universe. The cosmos is seen principally through the eyes of Nature, personified as a wide-eyed and benevolent goddess who explores the order imposed on primal chaos by Noys, the mind of God. First, Nature roams the world forged by Noys—its mountains and rivers, its plants and animals—and then tours the heavens, which are represented by a sequence of deities from pagan myth. Finally, Noys charges Nature and her fellow goddesses Physis and Urania with the task of creating humankind, a process illustrated in surprisingly sensual language for a poem that was once recited to Pope Eugene III ("Touch campaigns in bed, serves the cause of tender love, and is fond of slyly exploring the smooth belly below the modest breast, or the soft thigh of a virginal body . . ."). For generations, readers have been unsure what to make of Bernardus. Is he a free spirit smuggling vestiges of paganism into Christianity? Or is he a consummate literary propagandist bending myth to serve the Church's cosmology? The Cosmographia is a vibrant and strange work that deserves a place in literary history next to Percy Bysshe Shelley's Prometheus Unbound—both poems of impasto strokes that animate an elaborate, fiery philosophy whose contours are no longer familiar to us.
The Dumbarton Oaks Medieval Library's new edition of the Poetic Works of Bernardus Silvestris—edited and translated by Winthrop Wetherbee, Avalon Foundation Professor in the Humanities, Emeritus, at Cornell University—brings the Cosmographia together with Bernardus's three other extant poems in a single volume that presents the original Latin alongside an English prose translation. It is the first new edition of his poetry in more than two decades, and the first ever that is aimed specifically at a general audience. It is also an ideal book for anyone who has ever puzzled over the question of how the culture and literature of the ancient world—Plato, Lucretius, Virgil, Ovid—transformed over a millennium into the first blooms of vernacular literature from writers like Dante, Petrarch, and Geoffrey Chaucer.
On top of its beauty, Bernardus's poetry is crucial to understanding how the ancient world of ideas turned into the modern world. The great scholar of medieval literature Ernst Robert Curtius wrote of Cosmographia, "It is a link in the 'golden chain' which connects late Paganism with the Renaissance of the twelfth century.'" Wetherbee points out that Bernardus's defining framework for comprehending the universe was built on Plato's Timaeus, the only work of Plato that survived into the Middle Ages in Western Europe: "Bernardus knew as much of ancient philosophy as it was possible to know in his day, when Plato was limited to just one dialogue and Aristotle was only gradually being translated from Arabic." (The Dumbarton Oaks Medieval Library will publish Calcidius's influential Latin translation of Timaeus in Spring 2016.) Bernardus was alive to the full range of Latin writings still surviving, including those of Cicero, Ovid, and Virgil—and there are even faint echoes in his language of poets he couldn't possibly have read, like Lucretius, who had been lost or suppressed.
a numberless throng, a mob of souls clustered about the boundary of Cancer; the faces of all were such as one sees at a funeral, and they were shaken by a kind of sobbing. And certainly they who were about to descend, pure and simple as they were, from splendor into shadow, from heaven to the kingdom of Pluto, from eternal life to that of the body, grew terrified at the clumsy and blind fleshly habitation which they saw prepared for them.
They became part of the canon along with classical poetry. So [Giovanni] Boccaccio had his own copy of Cosmographia, which he had written out with his own hands, and the manuscript still survives in Florence. And the Platonists of the fifteenth century, [Marsilio] Ficino and so forth, knew these poems. Edmund Spenser talks in the Mutabilitie Cantos about Chaucer's allusions to Alan of Lille in the Parlement of Foules. They were humanists, and they contributed to the evolution of humanism as it ran through the late Middle Ages and the early Renaissance.
Bernardus was also an ethical thinker, as shown in the other poems in this volume: "The Astrologer," "The Twins," and "The Ungrateful Pauper," each of which poses an ethical or legal conundrum (or controversia) to be solved by an enterprising student of rhetoric. (The latter two poems, though likely Bernardus's, are of uncertain authorship.) Though barely known, if at all, by contemporary philosophers, these poems strongly resemble thought experiments in modern ethics like the notorious trolley problem. In "The Twins," the audience is asked to consider whether a father of two dying twins is right to sacrifice one in order to save the other, and in "The Astrologer," a Roman soldier who learns he is doomed to kill his own father plans to commit suicide to avoid his fate. "I think that the poetry's kind of fatalism was fascinating to people . . . The whole question of the necessity of suicide in order to prevent murder was a rather striking thing to choose as the subject of a poem," Wetherbee says.
There is very little contemporary poetry about the trolley problem, or physics verses about the cosmic microwave background. One of the virtues of Bernardus for the modern reader—even one completely unconcerned with the history of ideas—is a sense of recovering past poetic practices and feeling out the range of what poetry was in a different age and language. "The subject matter remains the same, though its form pass away, and a new form only gives this matter a new name," Bernardus writes. Almost nine centuries later, the form he imposed on his matter may yet help us see the subject of our own age's songs a little more clearly.


Los Angeles Valiant CEO Noah Whinston today announced the team's coaching and performance staff for the upcoming Overwatch League inaugural season, which formally begins on January 10, 2018.
The team's head coach will remain Henry "Cuddles" Coxall. Coxall will be joined by assistants Julien "daemoN" Ducros and Jordan "Gunba" Graham and Dr. Doug Gardner, the Valiant's Director of Player Performance.
Join the Valiant in welcoming the newest members to the #VALLA family.
daemoN started his professional career by playing League of Legends LANs at a national level in his hometown of Perpignan in the South of France. He made the switch to Overwatch upon the release of the open beta. With Overwatch, daemoN could pursue his passions of MOBA and FPS. As a part of DEUS, daemoN transitioned from player to coach. He proceeded to work with GamersOrigin, Movistar Riders, and finally the legendary Overwatch team, Rogue. daemoN is excited to join the Valiant and to be reunited with former Rogue players, Soon and Unkoe.
Gunba is a former professional Overwatch player with Blank Esports, hailing from Perth, Australia. Previously a Software Engineer working in Western Australia State Government, he began his Overwatch career in the closed beta, culminating in achieving playoff finishes in the Pacific Contenders region, APAC 2017, and the World Cup. Originally, hired as an Analyst with the Valiant, his success working with the team combined with the results of the pre-season of the Overwatch League, saw his elevation to the role of Assistant Coach. He now seeks to take the experience gained as a player and transition into becoming a top tier coach in the Overwatch League.
Dr. Gardner will provide strategic leadership in the build-out and management of a professional development department for Valiant players, coaches and staff. Over the past 20 years, Dr. Gardner has worked with athletes and coaches in MLB, NFL, Olympic sports and individuals participating in competitive youth sport pipelines. Dr. Gardner received his Ed.D. from Boston University (1998) and his BA from UC Irvine (1991). He is a Certified Mental Performance Coach through the Association of Applied Sport Psychology and is considered a leader and innovator within the discipline.
We also want to offer our sincere thanks to Dongwook "Ookz" Kim. While he will no longer be with the organization, we are grateful for the time and effort he has put in working with the team.


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History of the CAHS Vancouver Chapter
The Vancouver Chapter was founded in 1968 when Ernie Harrison (CAHS Member #12) moved from Toronto to Vancouver. Another co-founder was Andy Anderson, who is now the President of the PEI Chapter. At that time, Andy was the Manager of the Richmond Arts Centre, which is where the Chapter has met for 44 of the past 45 years!! One year, they tore the old Arts Centre down to build a new one, and we were gypsies for a year.
Other founding members included Dr. Ted Hill (wartime RCAF doctor in Iceland), Eric Drinkwater (Production Engineer at Canadian Vickers on the Stranraer), Dale Molstad (veteran CPAir Captain) and Dean MacLagan (PWA Herc Captain, killed in their Herc crash in Africa). The founding meeting was attended by 25 local CAHS members (surely the most we have ever had at a meeting for a long time since then!!)
9 September 1978 was one of our most interesting evenings over the years; co-hosted with the Quarter Century in Aviation Club, our speaker was Punch Dickins, who spoke on the 50th Anniversary of the completion of his famous Barrenlands Flight. In 1983, Bill Wheeler allowed the Chapter to put together an entire issue of the CAHS Journal (Vol. 21 No. 2), which included an article specially written by CAHS Patron Punch Dickins on his 1928 flight. Another year, one of our members organized a two-day trip to the Boeing factories at Paine Field (Everett) and Renton, where they treated us royally, as if we were a group interested in buying some airliners!!
The current Chapter membership includes several former RCAF Sabre pilots, several retired airline Captains and retired Transport Canada people, as well as pilots, AMEs, aviation artists, writers, photographers, historians, and just plain enthusiasts. We meet 10 times a year, and our current meeting agenda offers a variety of interesting speakers, digital and slide shows on air museums and air shows, and the occasional video.
One of the more interesting speakers in the past year (twice) has been new Chapter member Colonel (Ret'd) Bud White, a Member of Canada's Aviation Hall of Fame. In 1967, Bud set a Canadian altitude record, which still stands, in the RCAF F-104A that is on display at Rockcliffe. He also had an interesting exchange posting with the U.S. Mercury and Gemini manned space programs. His posting to the Empire Test Pilots' School trained him for duties as an Avro Arrow test pilot, before it was cancelled. We look forward to more interesting evenings with Bud.
Chapter Presidents over the years have included Andy Anderson, Dale Molstad, Norm Penny and Jerry Vernon (since 1993).
Our program for the coming season will include a couple more visits through UK aviation museums with the Chapter President, more air show pictures and hopefully more adventures of our resident test pilot and perhaps another episode on the wartime experiences of Typhoon pilot and Chapter member Harry Hardy.
CAHS Toronto Chapter Flying High
Bill Wheeler, left, with an early mobile display promoting the CAHS at Oshawa in the 1960s. DHC made the collapsing panels.
Several of the first members of the Toronto Chapter of the CAHS with the Silver Dart replica at a display at the CNE in the 1960s. The replica was built by Colin Clark for a CBC-TV show. Photo from Bill Wheeler
Bjarni Trygvasson taxis the Silver Dart replica of the AEA 2005 Group before the first of six test flights at Hamilton Airport on 6 February, 2009. Photo from Gord McNulty
A crowd of fans and media surround the Silver Dart replica of the AEA 2005 Group at Hamilton airport on 6 February, 2009. Bjarni Tryggvason was at the controls for its first flight. Photo from Gord McNulty
The Vickers Vimy replica, flown by Steve Fossett and Mark Rebholz, takes off from Downsview on 1 June, 2005. The Vimy's stopover in Toronto and Ottawa was covered in the CAHS Journal. Photo from Gord McNulty
Bjarni Tryggvason and Howard Malone converse at the first annual Toronto Chapter Dinner Meeting Sept. 27, 2009. Photo from Gord McNulty
A painting by Russell Smith shows Fokker D. VII war trophies being examined at Armour Heights in Toronto after the First World War. Edward Soye discussed this at the CAHS Toronto dinner meeting in 2010.
Another photo in the Flypast showed the Snowbirds flying the 'Speedbird' formation on Sept. 1 at the 2012 CNE air show. Photo from Gord McNulty
The Flypast newsletter features photos such as this Vintage Wings of Canada Hawk One Sabre flown by Dan Dempsey at the 2012 Hamilton air show. Photo from Gord McNulty
A lively website. An annual dinner meeting. A special, fully illustrated anniversary issue of the Flypast newsletter in 2009. These are only a few of the recent accomplishments of the Toronto Chapter of the CAHS that have ensured a prominent place for our Society in the aviation scene of Canada's largest city.
The private website, operated in support of the Chapter and CAHS National, was established by Bob Winson. More than anyone, Bob has long been a cornerstone of the Toronto Chapter, serving as the "go to" person in much the same way that the late M.L. "Mac" McIntyre did in the first 25 years of the Toronto Chapter's history.
The multi-faceted website starts with a bang: the sound of a classic de Havilland Canada Beaver floatplane taking off. It is an excellent resource for research into the rich aviation history of Toronto and Ontario, with archives of the Toronto Chapter's long-running Flypast newsletter, links to various aviation galleries, and much more.
The website is devoted to the memory of Alan Greenwood, its originator and inspiration. He, unfortunately, passed away before it could be completed. Peter Doherty, an old CAHS associate, stepped in to bring it to life.
The annual dinner meeting has become a highly successful and much-anticipated event since the inaugural event in September 2009. Two speakers --- Gerald Haddon, grandson of J.A.D. McCurdy, together with Canadian astronaut Bjarni Tryggvason --- made presentations at the event, held at the Armour Heights' Officers Mess at the Canadian Forces College.
This year's dinner meeting in May 2013, featuring Captain Robert Pearson (Ret'd), discussing the Air Canada "Gimli Glider," continued the tradition in fine style. Chapter members invariably enjoy an excellent dinner while touching base with fellow aviation enthusiasts. In fact, the dinner has helped to broaden the horizons of the Chapter and develop an informal link to the Aero Club of Buffalo.
In 2012, the Aero Club of Buffalo provided two speakers --- Hugh Neeson of the Niagara Aerospace Museum, and Dr Ilya Greenberg, an authority on Russian aerospace history --- to discuss the return of a Bell P-39Q Airacobra to its home in Buffalo. For their part, Toronto Chapter members attended the 100th anniversary dinner of the Buffalo club in 2010.
The Toronto Chapter currently has more than 130 members, primarily from southern Ontario. Some members who reside outside of Canada enjoy keeping in touch through the Flypast newsletter, which provides a complete report on the previous meeting and informative updates. Under Bob Winson's stewardship, the Flypast has broadened its appeal in recent years with colour photographs on the front and rear covers.
The Flypast, like the CAHS Journal, has a remarkable history in its own right. A permanent record of the first 25 years of Flypast, meticulously bound into one volume by Mac McIntyre, shows that Vol. 1, No. 1, appeared in December 1965. That issue, among other things, promoted the upcoming Chapter meeting --- a presentation on forest fire fighting by Stan Simons of the Ontario Department of Lands and Forests.
It is fascinating to read the comments by Boris Zissoff, CAHS #53, then provisional editor. To quote the colourful, and fondly remembered, Boris: "I would like to congratulate the Ottawa Chapter on the leading job they have done with their newsletter, 'The Ottawa Observair.' Chaps, you have been 'shooting us down in flames,' but look out, we are climbing for 'our position in the sun.' We also hope that this will encourage the Montreal Chapter to 'come down from the mountain' and do something in the same line."
The many speakers who have made presentations to the Toronto Chapter through the years represent a "who's who" of Canadian civil and military aviation. Meetings featured priceless documentation, such as rare 8 mm colour footage of the first flight of the Avro CF-100 in 1950 from Bob Johnson's collection. Joe Holliday, author and journalist, showed black and white, as well as colour, footage of wartime Mosquito production at Downsview. Superlative photographers, Larry Milberry, CAHS #11, and Nick Wolochatiuk, CAHS #9, have presented their air show photo collections.
At times, attendance at meetings would reach 180 or more people, as top-notch speakers made presentations. Here were just a few: renowned Avro Canada test pilot Jan Zurakowski; George Stewart, DFC, recounting his adventures flying the Mosquito during and after the Second World War; Ken Nicholson discussing his career as a pilot in the Royal Canadian Navy from the Seafire to the Banshee; Carl Millard on the growth of Millardair; and many more.
The tradition of excellent speakers has continued to the present. Bob Winson, who arranges our speakers, especially recalls a presentation by James Moffatt, who evaded capture by the Germans for six months after his bailout from a Halifax bomber over Belgium. He kept the Chapter enthralled for almost two hours with his account. Mr Moffatt's story is available at www.amazon.ca in the book Behind Enemy Lines
The Chapter is proud that twelve of its members were inducted into Canada's Aviation Hall of Fame. They include Russ Bannock, Paul B. Dilworth, Jim Floyd, Bob Fowler, Fred Hotson, Leavens Aviation Inc., Larry Milberry, Vi Milstead Warren, George Neal, Don Rogers, Bill Wheeler, and Jan Zurakowski.
Another highlight in the Chapter's history was the Flypast Special Canadian Centennial of Flight Edition, published in the spring of 2009 to celebrate Canada's 100 years of powered flight. Bill Wheeler prepared this Journal-style edition, supported by Matt Clark, who served as Flypast editor-in-chief for several years.
Meetings have flourished even though the Chapter has been forced, for one reason or another, to relocate on many occasions. More recently, it was felt the former Toronto Aerospace Museum (TAM) at Downsview would be an ideal venue to the benefit of the museum and the Chapter. TAM became the Canadian Air and Space Museum (CASM), but has since closed after being evicted in September 2011. The current Chapter meeting site, at the Canadian Forces College, is proving to be an outstanding venue with its high-calibre facilities and central location.
Sadly, the CASM is still without a new facility. Its problems have probably been the most disappointing and frustrating setback experienced by the members of the Toronto Chapter in its history. Many members sent letters and e-mails urging the federal government to find a new home for the museum's collection of historic aircraft and artifacts, but a solution remains elusive.
Another Chapter accomplishment was the establishment of a memorial scholarship in Don Rogers' name at Georgian College (Barrie campus) for the Aviation Management Program. The scholarship was set up in July 2006, and the Chapter has awarded $3,000 to date to six grad students. Don Rogers, a leading test pilot with Avro Canada, flew the Avro Jetliner on its first flight. He was a longtime member of the Toronto Chapter.
The current Toronto Chapter executive includes Dr George Topple (President), Sheldon Benner (1st Vice-President and Membership Secretary), Neil McGavock (2nd Vice-President, Secretary, Archivist, and Historian), as well as Directors Scott Maclagan and Gord McNulty (who is also the Flypast Reporter). Bob Winson continues to participate as a volunteer providing Program Support.
Bill Wheeler provided some of the historical overview in notes for this summary. He traced the origin of meetings in Toronto that would eventually produce what became known as the Canadian Aviation Historical Society to the late summer or early fall of 1962. "Our first meeting was in the living room of my then home on Belsize Drive in north Toronto," Bill recalled. At the beginning of 1963, the enthusiasts, who had initially called themselves the Early Bird Club of Canada, produced their first Enthusiast newsletter.
"What had sparked it all was a book, 'Knights of the Air,' by the late John Norman (Jack) Harris that I illustrated," Bill stated. "Jack had flown Stirlings with the RAF and spent four years in a prison camp, the same stalag as Douglas Bader.
"At that time I had been freelancing as an illustrator, receiving assignments from from several Toronto book publishers as well as the Star Weekly. I was one of the few illustrators in Toronto specializing in aviation and marine subjects, and had done previous work for MacMillan's. They offered me the assignment.
"I was very fortunate in meeting H.J. (Hank) Burden, an RFC ace, who loaned me his album. It was his S.E.5a, 'Maybe,' that I painted for the jacket illustration. He also loaned me a large book of photographs that had been published in the early twenties, shortly after the First World War, which provided me with invaluable reference."
Bill recalled that the two original founders of the CAHS, George Morley and Jeff Burch, came across a copy of 'Knights of the Air' and contacted Bill through the publishers. Their original concept was of an organization devoted to researching and publishing untold First World War flying stories and early issues of the CAHS Journal reflected that.
"We became the CAHS when I approached Frank Ellis, author of Canada's Flying Heritage, and invited him to become our Patron," Bill stated. "Frank pointed out that the Early Bird name had long belonged to a very distinguished group of men and women, all of whom had flown prior to the First World War."
The organization grew rapidly. Recognized First World War authorities such as Harry Creagan came aboard, as well as Charlie Catalano, a well-known Toronto light aircraft pilot and owner. He figured largely in the Toronto Chapter and was Chapter President from 1970 to 1983.
Al Martin, who was with Trans Canada Air Lines public relations, joined, as well as people such as Sheldon Benner, Larry Milberry, Paul Regan, John Beilby, John Ellis, Doug MacRitchie, John Griffin, Jack McNulty, Boris Zissoff, Terry Waddington, Roger Juniper and others.
Bill noted that the first logo of the CAHS, conceived in the art department of the Toronto Star Weekly, used large open-face block letters separated by periods.
"We used it for about five years until it was replaced by the very distinctive 'Swash' CAHS we still use, although we've reverted to using JOURNAL -- as do so many other publications."
During the early years, members of the CAHS set up promotional displays at air shows and fly-ins. Mac McIntyre, along with Doug MacRitchie, arranged for the transport of the display. "At each appearance we would sign up thirty or forty new members," Bill recalled.
With Bill as editor, the scope of the Journal widened to include bush flying, airline operations, military aviation, and biographical accounts of individuals who contributed significantly to Canadian aviation. Capable writers and gifted photographers -- Bill mentioned Jack McNulty as "foremost" --- enhanced the Journal.
Early Journals included a useful and popular item containing Civil Aircraft Registers, compiled by John Ellis from Department of Transport files in the National Archives. John Griffin added listings from the Canadian military. These later became a part of John's 1969 publication, Canadian Military Aircraft: Serials and Photographs.
Bill was also able to obtain drawings from many leading artists: Tom Bjananson, Jim Bruce, Will Davies, Peter Mossman, and several others. "On a trip to the U.K., I met Frank Wootton, widely acknowledged as the Dean of Aviation Artists, and he generously allowed us to use any of his paintings that had a Canadian connection," Bill stated.
"With the help of Air Canada, we were able to bring Frank to Toronto to speak at a convention, and, with the support of Senator Hartland Molson, to purchase the painting, Breaking the Circle, and donate it to the National Air Museum in Ottawa. CAHS members Peter Allen, Captain Ray Lank of TCA/Air Canada, and stewardess Wendy Travis figured prominently in the process."
Bill also mentioned Paddy Gardiner, who founded the Ottawa Chapter. A group of original Toronto members, including Al Martin, Charlie Catalano, and George Morley accompanied Bill to Ottawa, where they met Paddy and Ken Molson, the first curator of the National Aviation Museum.
"Paddy and Geoff Rowe got the Ottawa Chapter on its feet. A Montreal group consisting of Doug Anderson, George Fuller, Ross Richardson, Roy Dishlevoy, and several others already existed. They too came aboard."
From its origins in Toronto, the CAHS readily established itself as a bold idea whose time had come. Fifty years later, it has a proven legacy that has endured to the lasting benefit of aviation in Canada.
By Gord McNulty, with files by Bob Winson, Neil McGavock, and Bill Wheeler
History of the CAHS Regina Chapter
Had you been hanging about the Saskatoon Municipal Airport in the city's north edge in the 1930s, you would have noticed a thin lad named Ray Crone peddling his bicycle to watch the aircraft of the day come and go. It made an impression on him -- and ultimately, one can say, led to the creation of a chapter of the Canadian Aviation Historical Society in Regina Saskatchewan.
After the Second World War broke out, young Ray joined the RCAF, trained as a radar mechanic, and served in Canada and in Iceland. Returning to Canada after the war, Ray joined Saskatchewan Government Telephones, which took him to a number of communities in the province, where he pursued his keen interest in aviation history. Other people talk about aviation history: Ray wrote about it, initially for the historical journal of the Saskatchewan Archives Board, and later for the Canadian Aviation Historical Society Journal. He was frequently interviewed about the province's aviation history, and he sat as the Western representative on an advisory body for the National Aviation Museum. But he always dreamed of setting up a CAHS chapter in Regina, an idea that came to fruition in 1988. Mindful that other CAHS chapters bear the names for distinguished aviators, he even found one for our group, that of Roland J. Groome.
Groome was born in Britain, raised in Regina, and logged First World War service as a mechanic and instructor pilot with the Royal Flying Corps (Canada) in 1917 and 1918. As a partner in a small flying company after the war, Groome held (from 1920) Canadian commercial pilot's licence No. 1, operated Canada's first licensed commercial aircraft -- Curtis JN-4 (Can) Canuck G-CAAA -- and flew from the country's first licensed "air harbour" in what is now a residential suburb of south Regina. His partner, Robert McCombie, was Canada's first licensed air maintenance engineer. Ray received permission to use the name Roland Groome for the Regina Chapter from Roland's brother Paul.
The Regina Chapter grew steadily; its first project was a monthly newsletter called "The Windsock." A regular event is the Chapter's display at the annual open house held by the Regina Flying Club, which traces its own history back to 1927. The Chapter meets 10 times a year. In 1993, the Roland Groome Chapter hosted the first CAHS National convention held outside of central Canada. Before Ray died in 2005, he was able to see the chapter grow and take root, holding its second National convention in 2005. Ray deservedly has a place in the Saskatchewan Aviation Hall of Fame. Sadly, he was not able to live to see the airfield at the Regina International Airport named in 2006 for Groome.
History of the CAHS PEI Chapter
The Carl F. Burke, MBE Chapter of the CAHS was initiated at a meeting on 4 November 2000 when a group of interested people of the P.E.I. Heritage Aviation Society got together in the Eric Corbett Lounge, located in Hangar #1 at Slemon Park. The guest speaker was Don MacLure, and those in attendance included Roy Ramsay, Fred Burke, and Richard Whiteman.
As a result of the noted meeting, a public meeting was called for 28 April 2001. Twenty-one people attended this meeting, resulting in the formation of the PEI Chapter. Roy Ramsay was elected President, Elliott Brazil to the position of Vice/President, Glen Marsh as Treasurer, and Eric Laughton as Secretary. The Board of Directors was made up of Fred Burke, Eric Campbell, Scotty Campbell, Jim MacEachern, and the Honourable Archie Johnston. Notice of this, and a future meeting, were published in the 30 April 2001 Guardian newspaper. Sixteen people attended a meeting on 26 May 2001 in the Corbett Lounge. Lowell Huestis was added as a Director upon turning over $487.12
from the P.E.I. Heritage Aviation Society. The Hon. A. Johnston corresponded with Charlotte Burke with the result that a letter from her, dated 24 June 2001, approved the use of Carl F. Burke, MBE as the name of the Chapter.
A meeting on September 22 2001 approved the Chapter's meetings to be held the first Saturday of March, June, September, and December, alternating between Summerside and Charlottetown. Summerside meetings were to be held in the Corbett Lounge, and the Charlottetown meetings in the Flying Club meeting room. Eric Laughton arranged for the Summerside meetings to be held in the Air Force Association lounge, and when the flying club building was put up for sale, the Charlottetown meetings moved to the Boardroom in the Charlottetown Airport Terminal.
Al Dunphy was elected President on 1 June 2002. A number of executive changes occurred on 5 March 2005 Vern Inman becoming Treasurer, W. Anderson becoming Secretary, and Chet MacNeil taking on the duties of Bulletin Editor. At the March 2007 meeting, Sterling MacRae became President, and Syd Clay took on the Treasurer role. As of 6 June 2009, W. Anderson was President, Syd Clay was Treasurer, and Greg Gallant was Secretary. In June 2011, Errol Laughlin temporarily became Treasurer when Clay passed away. Greg Gallant was appointed to Treasurer when Errol passed away in 2012.
There have been a number of speakers at Chapter meetings, covering a wide variety of subjects from early aviation history on Prince Edward Island, through to military involvement and air traffic control. The Chapter has been involved in a number of projects, including the history of Upton Airport, Charlottetown and Summerside airports, Mount Pleasant airport (military use), and the radar site at Tignish. The Chapter was involved in the flight of Miss Veedol (a recreation of Errol Boyd's flight as far as Newfoundland), the centennial of flight on Prince Edward Island, an historic display mounted in the Charlottetown airport terminal commemorating Carl F. Burke, MBE, and the history of Maritime Central Airways. As early as 2004, the Chapter got involved in the Summerside "Gate Guardians" (Argus, Tracker, Voodoo aircraft on display), and one of the Chapter's members is now head of the group in charge of the Air Force Heritage Park that maintains the aircraft and surrounding area of walkways and commemorative stones.
At the 3 November 2012 meeting, it was decided that, due to lower attendance, the Chapter would only have two meetings per annum, one in Summerside and one in Charlottetown. These meetings will be the third Saturday of April and October to take advantage of better weather conditions and to avoid the probability of holidays.
History of the CAHS Montreal Chapter
The origins of the Montréal Chapter run in close parallel to that of the National CAHS. In pre-CAHS Charter days leading up to 1963, Ross Richardson got together with like-minded aviation types from Canadair Ltd in Montréal to explore mutual interests in aviation books and Canadian aviation history. Through his personal friends in Toronto — many of whom worked with him at Avro Canada in Malton — Ross followed the embryonic development of the Toronto-based National CAHS group. The Montréal core at this time was made up of Ross Richardson, Roy Dishlevoy, Fred Shortt, Bill Harvey, and Hank Volker. George Fuller and Doug Anderson attended these sessions when work schedules permitted.
When the CAHS received its charter, the informal Montréal group decided to go for Chapter status within the CAHS framework. The group slowly grew. From living room meetings, through classrooms, to hotel conference rooms, the Montréal Chapter has grown and finally anchored itself at the Pointe Claire Legion.
The Chapter has had its ups and downs. A strong economic downturn in the aviation industry in the 1980s saw the Chapter fold and many key members move away to follow employment opportunities. There was a hiatus of some years before the flame of the group was rekindled in 1996.
Like all the others, the Montréal Chapters have had a diverse slate of speakers and events. They flew the full gamete: fascinating, interesting, mundane, history, his-story, humorous, and the odd one that came thundering in under the radar as plain bizarre. Over the years, a number of speakers have stood out leaving us contemplating their words: Vaughn Olmstead (commercial pilot) showed the changing face of the north in pictures as he saw it from the left hand seat, Fairchild 82 through to the Boeing 727; Louis Geoffrion, (fighter pilot) left us with the chill of fear that fighter pilots challenged daily; Sydney Shulemson (ship-buster Beaufighter pilot) spoke of the cold hard techniques and repetitive training that made the chance of survival just a little better; Eric Bentley (mechanic) impressed us with his competence and gentleness; Hugh Allen Martin (Army glider pilot) presented us with an unusual facet of war, revealing his broad knowledge and quiet courage; Doug Sample (tail gunner: Halifax) left us more respectful with his description of a gunner's lonely night vigil; Patrick Campbell (engineer) magically unravelled the complexities of aero engines into a form anyone could understand; Squadron Leader Boulet (RCAF) spoke eloquently of the Lancaster and it stalwart service it gave to the men in the RCAF; and, the synergy that came forth in the unplanned reunion of Bill Peterson and other Air Canada personnel involved in the Gimili Glider incident, and its follow-up, impressed all.
The Montréal Chapter has hosted two successful National Conventions (1992 and 2010) and a mini-conference (1998) in Grand-mère, Quebec, that celebrated 80 years of bush flying in Canada.
Although meeting places have changed over time, George Fuller's "Downwind," a five-minute vignette, has been a constant. Featuring local aviation historical events, Downwind is a credit to George's dedication. We were honoured recently with Downwind number 116.
Informal and rebellious by nature, the Montréal Chapter has never bothered too much about rules, be they Marquis of Queensberry or Robert's Rules of Order. Chapter Presidents often found themselves confused as to how they acquired the exalted position. Strong armed into the post was one pleasant way they described it, others left the meeting to use the toilet only to find out they had been appointed through a process of attrition. If names must be mentioned, the roll call of presidents includes, for the early days starting in 1965, Roy Dishlevoy, Ross Richardson, and Bert Joss. Restarting in 1996, the president's roles has been carried out by Alastair Reeves, Pauline Mang, Alastair Reeves (caretaker president), Christian Aubert, and Dick Pickering.
History of the CAHS Manitoba Chapter
The Manitoba Chapter was formed in Winnipeg in 1994, by Ian Whiston and Captain Bill March. Meetings were mostly held in Mynarski Hall, at the 1 Canadian Air Division Headquarters, 17 Wing, CFB Winnipeg. The chapter hosted the 1996 CAHS National Convention, which included a visit to the Portage la Prairie airshow. The Chapter went dormant for a while in the late 1990s. In October 2001, with the support of John Bonner, Brian Watson, and other volunteers of the Western Canada Aviation Museum Library and Archives, the Chapter was reformed. Since then, the Chapter has held meetings eight times a year, usually on the last Thursday of each month, except in December and the summer. The Chapter hosted the 2006 CAHS National convention, this time in conjunction with the Air Force Historical Conference.


For the character in Grand Theft Auto IV and Grand Theft Auto V, see Karen Daniels. For the vehicle manufacturer, see Karin.
Karen was, in 2008, the receptionist for the Goldberg, Ligner and Shyster law firm and a resident of Liberty City.
She can be killed in Final Interview after Niko Bellic kills Tom Goldberg. She runs in and finds him dead and runs away. She could easily get shot in the shootout. This will not fail the mission or affect the storyline.
Being a minor character, she does not have a unique appearance and shares her model with a businesswoman found around Liberty City.
Her model is randomized during each appearance, although her appearance is almost always a blue-eyed woman with brunette hair, wearing hints of makeup.


text:
A
 Alberto Acuña (1896–1975), Sänger, Gitarrist und Komponist
 Carlos Acuña (1915–1999), Sänger
 Eduardo Adrián (1923–1989), Sänger, Komponist, Autor, Journalist
 Antonio Agri (1932–1998), Violinist, Komponist und Bandleader
 José María Aguilar (1891–1951), Gitarrist und Komponist
 Julio Ahumada (1916–1964), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Anselmo Aieta (1896–1964), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Enrique Alessio (1918–2000), Bandoneonist, Arrangeur und Komponist
 Carlos Almada (1918–1982), Sänger
 Oscar Alonso (1912–1980), Sänger
 Francisco Amor (1905–1976), Sänger, Komponist und Schauspieler
 Alberto Arenas (1910–1988), Sänger
 Imperio Argentina (1906–2003), Sängerin und Schauspielerin
 Ernesto Ariel (* 1948), Sänger
 Eduardo Arolas (1892–1924), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Manuel Aróztegui (1888–1938), Pianist und Komponist
 Roberto Arrieta (1915–1978), Sänger und Komponist
 Héctor Artola (1903–1982), Bandoneonist, Arrangeur und Bandleader
 Daniel Aste (* 1947), Sänger
 Alfredo Attadía (1914–1982), Bandoneonist, Arrangeur, Komponist und Bandleader
 Carmelita Aubert (1912–1979), Sängerin
 Mariana Avena (1955–2016), Sängerin
 Roberto Ayala (* 1943), Sänger
 Príncipe Azul (1901–1935), Sänger

B
 Bajofondo Tango Club, Band
 Simón Bajour (1928–2005), Violinist
 Emilio Balcarce (1918–2011), Violinist, Bandoneonist, Komponist, Arrangeur und Bandleader
 Amelita Baltar (* 1940), Sängerin
 Hugo Baralis (1914–2002), Violinist, Arrangeur und Bandleader
 Guillermo Barbieri (1894–1935), Sänger, Gitarrist und Komponist
 Agustín Bardi (1884–1941), Violinist, Pianist und Komponist
 José Basso (1919–1993), Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Alfredo Belusi (1925–2001), Sänger
 Carlos Bermúdez (1918–1993), Sänger
 Paquita Bernardo (1900–1925), Bandoneonistin und Komponistin
 Arturo Bernstein (1882–1935), Pianist, Gitarrist, Bandoneonist, Komponist
 Elba Berón (1930–1994), Sängerin
 Raúl Berón (1920–1982), Sänger
 Augusto Berto (1889–1953), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Alfredo Bevilacqua (1874–1942), Pianist und Komponist
 Gustavo Beytelmann (* 1945), Pianist und Komponist
 Roque Biafore (1896–1975), Bandoneonist
 Rodolfo Biagi (1906–1969), Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Antonio Bonavena (1896–1960), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Miguel Bonano (1907–2001), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Luis Borda (* 1955), Gitarrist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Sofía Bozán (1904–1958), Sängerin und Schauspielerin
 José Bragato (1915–2017), Cellist, Pianist, Komponist und Arrangeur
 Luis Brighenti (1906–1984), Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Mario Bustos (1924–1980), Sänger
 Manuel Buzón (1904–1954), Pianist, Sänger, Komponist und Bandleader

C
 Jorge Caldara (1924–1967), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Miguel Caló (1907–1972), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Roberto Caló  (1913–1985), Pianist, Sänger, Komponist, Bandleader und Schauspieler
 Juan Cambareri (1916–1992), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Aldo Campoamor (1914–1968), Sänger
 Manuel Campoamor (1877–1941), Pianist und Komponist
 Enrique Campos (1913–1970), Sänger
 Francisco Canaro (1888–1964), Violinist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Juan Canaro (1892–1977), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 José Canet (1915–1984), Gitarrist und Komponist
 Adolfo Carabelli (1893–1947), Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Alberto Caracciolo (1918–1994), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Enrique Carbel (1917–1945), Sänger und Komponist
 Luis Cardei (1944–2000), Sänger
 Mercedes Carné (1908–1988), Sängerin
 Carlos Casado (* 1939), Sänger
 Jorge Casal (1924–1996), Sänger
 Horacio Casares (1932–2009), Sänger
 Alberto Castellanos (1892–1952), Komponist und Bandleader
 Alberto Castillo (1914–2002), Sänger
 Samuel Castriota (1885–1932), Pianist, Gitarrist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Roberto Chanel (1914–1972), Sänger und Komponist
 Charlo (1905–1990), Sänger, Pianist, Komponist und Schauspieler
 Gabriel Clausi (1911–2010), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Juan Carlos Cobián (1896–1953), Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 José Colángelo (* 1940), Pianist und Komponist
 Abel Córdoba (* 1941), Sänger
 Humberto Correa (1904–1964), Gitarrist
 Luis Correa (1928–1992), Sänger
 Ignacio Corsini (1891–1967), Sänger
 Carlos Cristal (1942–2011), Sänger
 Cuarteto Rotterdam, Band

D
 Alfredo Dalton (1929–1998), Sänger
 José Dames (1907–1994), Bandoneonist und Komponist
 Angel D'Agostino (1900–1991), Pianist und Bandleader
 Juan D'Arienzo (1900–1976), Violinist, Bandleader und Komponist
 Carlos Dante (1906–1985), Sänger
 Héctor Darío (1938–2013), Sänger
 Dorita Davis (1906–1980), Sängerin
 Alfredo De Angelis (1910–1992), Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Arturo De Bassi (1890–1950), Pianist, Klarinettist
 Francisco De Caro (1898–1976), Pianist und Komponist
 Julio De Caro (1899–1980), Violinist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Elvira De Grey's (1926–1993), Sängerin
 Ernesto De La Cruz (1898–1985)
 María de la Fuente (1918–2013), Sängerin
 Hugo del Carril (1912–1989), Sänger, Schauspieler und Kinodirektor
 Enrique Delfino (1895–1967), Pianist und Komponist
 Olga Delgrossi (* 1932), Sängerin
 Carmen Del Moral (1920–1991), Sängerin und Schauspielerin
 Eduardo Del Piano (1914–1987), Bandoneonist, Arrangeur und Bandleader
 Alfredo Del Río (1932–1978), Sänger
 Silvana Deluigi (* 1960), Sängerin
 Soledad del Valle (* 1950), Sängerin
 Mario Demarco (1917–1970), Bandoneonist, Arrangeur und Komponist
 Lucio Demare (1906–1974), Pianist
 María José Demare (* 1949), Sängerin
 Héctor De Rosas (1931–2015), Sänger
 Horacio Deval (1923–2004), Sänger
 Santiago Devin (1908–1950), Sänger
 Ángel Díaz (1929–1998), Sänger
 Fernando Díaz (1903–1981), Sänger
 Hugo Díaz (1927–1977), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Luis Díaz (1893–1978), Sänger
 Patrocinio Díaz (1905–1969), Sängerin
 Porfirio Díaz (1912–1993), Akkordeonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Roberto Díaz (1900–1961), Sänger
 Minotto Di Cicco (1898–1979), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Luis Di Matteo (* 1934), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Carlos Di Sarli (1903–1960), Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Joaquín Do Reyes (1905–1977), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Ángel Domínguez (1918–1974), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Edgardo Donato (1897–1963), Violinist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Jorge Dragone (1927–2020), Pianist
 Jorge Durán (1924–1989), Sänger
 Carmen Duval (1918–2012), Sängerin
 Hugo Duval (1928–2003), Sänger

E
 Alberto Echagüe (1909–1987), Sänger und Autor
 Eduardo Espinoza (* 1958), Sänger und Schauspieler
 Genaro Espósito (1886–1944), Pianist, Gitarrist, Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Virgilio Expósito (1924–1997), Pianist und Komponist

F
 Néstor Fabián (* 1938), Sänger und Schauspieler
 Rosanna Falasca (1953–1983), Sängerin
 Ada Falcón (1905–2002), Sängerin
 Adhelma Falcón (1903–2003), Sängerin
 Jorge Falcón (1949–1987), Sänger
 Andrés Falgás (1916–1995), Sänger
 Ernesto Famá (1908–1984), Sänger
 Domingo Federico (1916–2000), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Leopoldo Federico (1927–2014), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Néstor Feria (1894–1948), Sänger und Komponist
 Guillermo Fernández (* 1958), Sänger
 Jorge Argentino Fernández (1915–2002), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Oscar Ferrari (1924–2008), Sänger
 Agesilao Ferrazzano (1897–1976), Violinist und Komponist
 Nerón Ferrazzano (1903–1977), Cellist, Kontrabassist und Komponist
 Carlos Figari (1913–1994), Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Juan de Dios Filiberto (1885–1964), Komponist und Bandleader
 Francisco Fiorentino (1905–1955), Sänger und Bandoneonist
 Roberto Firpo (1884–1969), Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Roberto Flores (1907–1981), Sänger und Komponist
 Roberto Florio (1929–1993), Sänger
 Roxana Fontán (* 1965), Sängerin
 Magalí Fontana (* 1979), Sängerin
 Manlio Francia (1902–1981), Violinist und Komponist
 Enrique Francini (1916–1978), Violinist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Osvaldo Fresedo (1897–1984), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Roberto Fugazot (1902–1971), Sänger, Komponist und Schauspieler

G
 Jacob Gade (1879–1963), Trompeter und Komponist
 Tita Galatro (1914–1988), Sängerin und Schauspielerin
 Rodolfo Galé (1928–1972), Sänger
 Argentino Galván (1913–1960), Violinist, Arrangeur, Komponist und Bandleader
 Carlos Galván (1940–2014), Bandoneonist, Arrangeur und Bandleader
 Guillermo Galvé (* 1946), Sänger
 María Garay (* 1941), Sängerin
 Carlos García (1914–2006), Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 José García (1910–2000), Violinist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Carlos Gardel (1890–1935), Sänger, Komponist und Schauspieler
 Raúl Garello (1936–2016), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Romeo Gavioli (1913–1957), Sänger, Violinist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Carlos Vicente Geroni Flores (1895–1953) Pianist, Violinist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Alfredo Gobbi (1912–1965), Violinist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Alfredo Eusebio Gobbi (1877–1938), Artist, Schauspieler, Sänger, Gitarrist und Tangokomponist
 Flora Gobbi (1883–1952), Sängerin
 Alberto Gómez (1904–1973), Sänger, Komponist und Autor
 Orlando Goñi (1914–1945), Pianist und Bandleader
 Gotan Project, Band
 Roberto Goyeneche (1926–1994), Sänger
 Roberto Emilio Goyeneche (1898–1925), Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 María Graña (* 1953), Sängerin
 Vicente Greco (1888–1924), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Roberto Grela (1913–1992), Gitarrist und Komponist
 Juan Bautista Guido (1898–1945), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader

H
 Cristóbal Herreros (1909–2002), Bandoneonist und Komponist

I
 Adrián Iaies (* 1960), Pianist und Komponist
 Teófilo Ibáñez (1907–1986), Sänger
 Raúl Iriarte (1916–1982), Sänger
 Agustín Irusta (1903–1987), Sänger, Komponist, Schauspieler und Autor

J
 Hans-Christian Jaenicke (* 1969), Violinist, Arrangeur und Komponist
 Rubén Juárez (1947–2010), Sänger, Bandoneonist und Komponist
 Efim Jourist (1947–2007), Komponist, Akkordeonist und Bajan-Spieler

K
 Raúl Kaplún (1910–1990), Violinist, Komponist und Bandleader

L
 Armando Laborde (1922–1996), Sänger
 Carlos Lafuente (1908–1989), Sänger und Komponist
 Libertad Lamarque (1908–2000), Sängerin und Schauspielerin
 Juanita Larrauri (1910–1990), Sängerin
 Oscar Larroca (1922–1976), Sänger
 Patricia Lasala, Sängerin
 Pedro Laurenz (1902–1972), Bandoneonist und Komponist
 Raúl Lavié (* 1937), Sänger und Schauspieler
 Enrique Lear (1939–2011), Sänger
 Amanda Ledesma (1911–2000), Sängerin
 Argentino Ledesma (1928–2004), Sänger
 Nicolás Ledesma, Pianist und Komponist
 Susy Leiva (1933–1966), Sängerin
 Pjotr Leschtschenko (1898–1954), Sänger, Komponist, Bandleader und Arrangeur
 Rodolfo Lesica (1928–1984), Sänger
 Claudia Levy (* 1963); Sängerin
 Carlos Libedinsky (* 1961), Komponist und Produzent
 José Libertella (1933–2004), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Arrangeur
 Daniel Lomuto (1934–1994), Bandoneonist, Arrangeur, Komponist und Bandleader
 Francisco Lomuto (1893–1950), Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Oscar López Ruiz (1938–2021), Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Mario Luna (1935–2004), Sänger
 Sandra Luna (* 1966), Sängerin
 Virginia Luque (1927–2014), Sängerin

M
 Mabel Mabel (* 1951), Sängerin
 Enrique Maciel (1897–1962), Gitarrist, Bandoneonist und Komponist
 Jorge Maciel (1920–1975), Sänger
 Osmar Maderna (1918–1951), Pianist, Arrangeur, Dirigent und Komponist
 Pedro Maffia (1899–1967), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Agustín Magaldi (1898–1938), Sänger
 Juan Maglio (1880–1934), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Antonio Maida (1913–1984), Sänger
 Roberto Maida (1908–1993), Sänger und Autor
 Azucena Maizani (1902–1970), Sängerin, Komponistin und Autorin
 Ricardo Malerba (1905–1974), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Pascual Mamone (1921–2012), Bandoneonist, Arrangeur, Komponist und Bandleader
 Roberto Mancini (1938–2018), Sänger
 Alberto Mancione (1915–1998), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Amadeo Mandarino (1913–1996), Sänger
 Osvaldo Manzi (1925–1976), Pianist, Arrangeur, Komponist und Bandleader
 Juan Carlos Marambio Catán (1895–1973), Sänger, Komponist, Autor und Schauspieler
 Hugo Marcel (* 1944), Sänger
 Aníbal Marconi (1937–2015), Sänger
 Néstor Marconi (* 1942), Bandoneonist, Arrangeur und Komponist
 Alfredo Marcucci (1929–2010), Bandoneonist, Dirigent und Arrangeur
 Carlos Marcucci (1903–1957), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Alberto Marino (1923–1989), Sänger
 Julio Martel (1923–2009), Sänger
 Reynaldo Martín (1944–2012), Sänger
 José Martínez (1890–1939), Pianist und Komponist
 Alberto Mastra (1909–1976), Sänger, Gitarrist und Komponist
 Gerardo Matos Rodríguez (1897–1948), Pianist und Komponist
 Héctor Mauré (1920–1976), Sänger
 Rodolfo Mederos (* 1940) Bandoneonist, Arrangeur, Komponist und Bandleader
 Orlando Medina (1918–2004), Sänger
 Ana Medrano (* 1955), Sängerin
 Rosita Melo (1897–1981), Pianistin und Komponistin
 Rosendo Mendizábal (1868–1913), Komponist
 María José Mentana (* 1961), Sängerin
 Tita Merello (1904–2002), Sängerin und Schauspielerin
 Lucrecia Merico, Sängerin
 Fernando Miceli (* 1963), Sänger und Komponist
 Juan Carlos Miranda (1917–1999), Sänger
 Nina Miranda (1925–2012), Sängerin und Komponistin
 Unto Mononen (1930–1968), Komponist
 Rosita Montemar (1910–1976), Sängerin
 Miguel Montero (1922–1975), Sänger
 Osvaldo Montes (1934–2014), Bandoneonist und Komponist
 María Estela Monti (* 1969), Sängerin
 Blanca Mooney (1940–1991), Sängerin
 Joaquín Mora (1905–1979), Pianist, Bandoneonist und Komponist
 Alberto Morán (1922–1997), Sänger
 Roxana Morán (* 1965), Sängerin
 Victoria Morán (* 1977), Sängerin
 Carlos Morel (* 1958), Sänger
 Armando Moreno (1921–1990), Sänger
 Carlos Moreno (1936–2015), Sänger
 Osvaldo Moreno (1912–1988), Sänger
 Pablo Moreno (1923–1980), Sänger
 Mariano Mores (1918–2016), Komponist und Bandleader

N
 Carlos Nasca (1873–1936), Komponist
 Reynaldo Nichele (1918–1998), Violinist und Komponist
 Miguel Nijensohn (1911–1983), Pianist, Arrangeur, Komponist und Bandleader
 Gustavo Nocetti (1949–2002), Sänger
 Chico Novarro (* 1933), Sänger, Komponist und Schauspieler

O
 Quique Ojeda (* 1940), Sänger
 Sabina Olmos (1913–1999), Sängerin und Schauspielerin
 Jorge Omar (1911–1998), Sänger
 Nelly Omar (1911–2013), Sängerin
 Ciriaco Ortiz (1905–1970), Bandoneonist und Komponist
 Jorge Ortiz (1912–1989), Sänger
 Otros Aires, Band

P
 Héctor Pacheco (1918–2003), Sänger
 Maruja Pacheco Huergo (1916–1983), Pianistin, Sängerin, Komponistin, Autorin und Schauspielerin
 José Luis Padula (1893–1945), Komponist und Bandleader
 Carlos Paiva (* 1940), Sänger
 Héctor Palacios (1909–1987), Sänger, Komponist und Autor
 Anita Palmero (1902–1987), Sängerin
 Julio Pane (* 1947), Bandoneonist, Arrangeur und Komponist
 Roberto Pansera (1932–2005), Bandoneonist, Organist, Arrangeur und Komponist
 Peregrino Paulos (1889–1921), Violinist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Juan José Paz (1921–1970), Pianist, Arrangeur, Komponist und Bandleader
 Eduardo Pereyra (1900–1973), Pianist und Komponist
 Adolfo Pérez (1897–1977), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Luis Petrucelli (1903–1941), Bandoneonist und Komponist
 Sebastián Piana (1903–1994), Pianist und Komponist
 Astor Piazzolla (1921–1992), Bandoneonist, Pianist, Arrangeur, Komponist und Bandleader
 Osvaldo Piro (* 1937), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Manuel Pizarro (1895–1982), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Julián Plaza (1928–2003), Pianist, Bandoneonist, Arrangeur und Komponist
 Alberto Podestá (1924–2015), Sänger
 Juan Polito (1908–1981), Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Mario Pomar (1920–1987), Sänger
 Oscar Pometti (* 1962), Sänger und Gitarrist
 Armando Pontier (1917–1983), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Ernesto Ponzio (1885–1934), Violinist und Komponist
 Carlos Posadas (1874–1918), Violinist, Gitarrist, Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Francisco Pracánico (1898–1971), Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Néstor Prado (* 1937), Sänger
 Alexandra Prusa (* 1955), Sängerin
 Osvaldo Pugliese (1905–1995), Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Cayetano Puglisi (1902–1968), Violinist und Bandleader

Q
 Horacio Quintana (1920–2007), Sänger und Komponist
 Roberto Quiroga (1911–1965), Sänger und Gitarrist
 Rosita Quiroga (1896–1984), Sängerin

R
 Donato Racciatti (1918–2000), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Elías Randal (1920–2005), Komponist und Sänger
 Roberto Ray (1912–1960), Sänger
 José Razzano (1887–1960), Sänger
 Néstor Real (1934–2000), Sänger
 Cristóbal Repetto (* 1979), Sänger und Komponist
 Osvaldo Requena (1931–2010), Pianist und Arrangeur
 Carlos Reyes (1934–1995), Sänger
 Tito Reyes (1928–2007), Sänger
 Gabriel Reynal (1943–2009), Sänger
 Osvaldo Ribó (1927–2015), Sänger
 José Ricardo (1888–1937), Gitarrist und Komponist
 Guillermo Rico (1920–2013), Sänger und Schauspieler
 Susana Rinaldi (* 1935), Sängerin und Schauspielerin
 Marcela Ríos (* 1967), Sängerin
 Gabriel Rivano (* 1958), Komponist und Bandoneonist
 Alberto Rivas (1930–1992), Sänger
 Elsa Rivas (1925–2010), Sängerin
 Osvaldo Rivas (* 1936), Sänger
 Edmundo Rivero (1911–1986), Sänger und Gitarrist
 Zulema Robles (* 1940), Sängerin
 Tito Roccatagliata (1891–1925), Violinist
 Antonio Rodio (1904–1980), Violinist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Antonio Rodríguez Lesende (1905–1979), Sänger
 Enrique Rodríguez (1901–1971), Bandoneonist, Komponist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Gerardo Matos Rodríguez (1897–1948), Pianist, Komponist und Journalist
 Néstor Rolán (* 1962), Sänger
 Carlos Roldán (1913–1973), Sänger
 Horacio Romo (* 1973), Bandoneonist
 José Luis Roncallo (1875–1954), Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Rafael Rossi (1896–1982), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Francisco Rotundo (1919–1997), Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Eduardo Rovira (1925–1980), Bandoneonist, Arrangeur, Komponist und Bandleader
 Roberto Rufino (1922–1999), Sänger
 Floreal Ruiz (1916–1978), Sänger
 Ricardo Ruiz (1914–1976), Sänger

S
 Enrique Saborido (1877–1941), Komponist und Tänzer
 Alfredo Sáez (* 1958), Sänger und Gitarrist
 Tetsu Saitō (1955–2019), Kontrabassist
 Mario Saladino (* 1944), Sänger
 Fulvio Salamanca (1921–1999), Pianist, Arrangeur, Komponist und Bandleader
 Horacio Salgán (1916–2016), Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Hernán Salinas (1956–2003), Sänger
 Dino Saluzzi (* 1935), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Juan Sánchez Gorio (1920–1979), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Domingo Santa Cruz (1884–1931), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Florindo Sassone (1912–1982), Violinist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Antonio Scatasso (1886–1956), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Rodolfo Sciammarella (1902–1973), Komponist und Dichter
 Federico Scorticati (1912–1998), Bandoneonist und Komponist
 Oscar Serpa (1919–1982), Sänger und Gitarrist
 Mercedes Simone (1904–1990), Sängerin, Komponistin und Lyrikerin
 Jorge Sobral (1931–2005), Sänger
 Alberto Soifer (1907–1977), Pianist und Komponist
 Alba Solís (1927–2016), Sängerin und Schauspielerin
 Diego Solís (* 1958), Sänger
 Julio Sosa (1926–1964), Sänger
 Ismael Spitalnik (1919–1999), Bandoneonist, Arrangeur, Komponist und Bandleader
 Atilio Stampone (1926–2022), Pianist, Arrangeur, Komponist und Bandleader
 Héctor Stamponi (1916–1997), Pianist, Arrangeur und Komponist
 Luis Stazo (1930–2016), Bandoneonist, Arrangeur, Komponist und Bandleader
 Fernando Suárez Paz (1941–2020), Geiger und Bandleader
 Manuel Sucher (1913–1971), Pianist und Komponist
 Antonio Sureda (1904–1951), Bandoneonist und Komponist

T
 Tango Amoratado, Duo
 Tania (1894–1999), Sängerin
 Ricardo Tanturi (1905–1973), Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Luis Teisseire (1883–1960), Komponist und Dichter
 Reijo Taipale (1940–2019), Sänger
 Fernando Tell (1921–1995), Bandoneonist und Komponist
 Bernardino Terés (1882–1969), Pianist, Komponist und Theaterdirektor
 Linda Thelma (1884–1939), Sängerin
 Leopoldo Thompson (1890–1925), Kontrabassist
 Juan Carlos Thorry (1908–2000), Sänger und Autor
 José Tinelli (1911–1960), Pianist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Miguel Tornquist (1873–1908), Pianist und Komponist
 Aníbal Troilo (1914–1975), Bandoneonist, Komponist und Bandleader
 Javier Tucat Moreno  (* 1973), Pianist, Komponist, Arrangeur, Lehrer

V
 Jorge Valdez (1932–2002), Sänger und Komponist
 Enzo Valentino (1919–2015), Sänger
 Guido Vanzina Pacheco (1893–1940), Pianist und Komponist
 Elvino Vardaro (1905–1971), Violinist
 Adriana Varela (* 1952), Sängerin
 Carlos Varela (* 1963), Sänger
 Héctor Varela (1914–1987), Bandoneonist, Arrangeur, Komponist und Bandleader
 Ángel Vargas (1904–1959), Sänger
 Juan Vasallo (1927–1995), Kontrabassist
 Nelly Vázquez (* 1937), Sängerin
 Virginia Vera (1898–1948), Sängerin, Gitarristin, Komponistin und Schauspielerin
 Virginia Verónica (* 1970), Sängerin
 Orlando Verri (1923–1999), Sänger
 Carlos Vidal (1926–1981), Sänger
 Jorge Vidal (1924–2010), Sänger, Komponist und Autor
 Alberto Vila (1903–1981), Sänger und Schauspieler
 Ángel Villoldo (1861–1919), Komponist und Dichter
 Carlos Viván (1903–1971), Sänger und Komponist

Y
 Walter Yonsky (1937–2002), Sänger

Z
 Roberto Zerrillo (1902–1955), Violinist, Komponist und Bandleader

Tangomusiker
!


text:
VT LIFE
$25K launches Vermont college fund
Vermont's new legislation would require about $3 million per year in private donations.
$25K launches Vermont college fund Vermont's new legislation would require about $3 million per year in private donations. Check out this story on burlingtonfreepress.com: http://bfpne.ws/1J1du6e
April Burbank, Free Press Staff Writer Published 5:07 p.m. ET July 15, 2015 | Updated 5:11 p.m. ET July 15, 2015
Ernie Boch Jr., president and CEO of Subaru of New England, explains why his company is supporting the Vermont college savings fund at a July 2015 news conference in Burlington.(Photo: APRIL BURBANK/FREE PRESS)Buy Photo
Vermont has begun collecting college money for all baby Vermonters — starting with a $25,000 gift from Subaru of New England.
Ernie Boch Jr., the company's president and CEO, announced the donation Wednesday at a news conference with Gov. Peter Shumlin.
"Subaru of New England is extremely proud to give some of the first funds to this program," Boch said. "It's something that we believe in, and it's something that other businesses should do for Vermont."
Under new legislation, Vermont Student Assistance Corporation will set aside $250 for post-secondary education for every child born to Vermont residents, or $500 for children born into families earning less than 250 percent of the federal poverty level.
Those payouts would require approximately $3 million per year in private donations starting in January 2016. The amounts may be less if private donations fail to materialize, according to a governor's office news release.
No state funding has been set aside for the program.
Rep. Jill Krowinski, D-Burlington, called college savings accounts "an investment in the future of Vermont."
The new fund may also help Vermont to improve its higher education rates overall.
"Vermont has the highest graduation rates from high school in America, and we fail miserably moving people beyond high school," Shumlin said.
Shumlin was Senate president pro tempore when he signed on to the "compact with the state of Vermont" — a shared commitment to raise the percentage of Vermonters with college degrees from 42 percent to 60 percent.
With five years left to achieve that goal, Vermont's college completion rate is stuck at about about 45.5 percent, according to the latest U.S. Census Bureau figures.
"We have a long way to go," said Vermont State Colleges Chancellor Jeb Spaulding. He added that the Vermont State Colleges will use a new grant to work further on the initiative.
Contact April Burbank at 802-660-1863 or aburbank@freepressmedia.com. Follow her on Twitter at www.twitter.com/AprilBurbank
Read or Share this story: http://bfpne.ws/1J1du6e
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J D Williams - Home shopping catalogue online!
Welcome to the J D Williams online shopping catalogue web page at STAMP DEMON. Please read their text below.
"The company was founded in 1875 by James David Williams, who in 1882, was the first to make use of the UK's parcel post service, to send his company's products direct to his customers.
The formula of providing quality, fashionable, value for money clothing direct to customers proved increasingly popular towards the latter end of the 20th Century and J D Williams enjoyed significant growth.
This continuing growth has ensured J D Williams is the most successful direct home shopping company in the UK today, with over 2 million customers and 4,000 employees.
J D Williams & Company Limited, the UK's leading direct home shopping company, operating over 20 successful catalogue brands.
Our catalogues offer a huge selection of clothing and other products for all ages and sizes. All our clothes are designed to provide the best fit at the best value, and we are specialists in the area of larger size womenswear.
Wrap yourself up in the rich colours and warm fabrics of our autumn ladies clothing ranges. From designer plus-size style to every day essentials we've fantastic fashion for any figure or occasion.
With bras in A-JJ cups and 34-56 back sizes and selected bras in K and L cups, we've one of the biggest and best plus size lingerie ranges around. Great-fitting underwear every woman will love.
When it comes to footwear, we believe that a woman should never have to compromise on style or fit. That's why we offer a superb choice of fashionable wide fitting shoes - so you can have it all!
Great looking menswear from the UK's size and fit experts. Men's shirts, T-shirts, coats and knitwear in up to 66" chest, 23" collar and men's trousers and jeans in up to 64" waist and 4 leg lengths.
It's easy to have a stylish home with the right furniture and finishing touches. We've got everything from beautiful bedding, cushions and curtains to comfortable sofas and fantastic fireplaces.
Great electrical brands, great choice, great delivery!
Let us be your one-stop shop with great value electrical goods for every area of your home, from fridges and freezers to TVs, stereos, computers, sat navs and phones.
J D Williams & Company Limited is part of N Brown Group plc."
CLICK HERE TO VISIT THE J D WILLIAMS WEBSITE!


If you want to reach students, email is so yesterday when compared to text messages. Plus, unlike text messages, email is read when it's convenient. This does your student body little good when there is an emergency happening.
That's why many colleges, schools, and businesses now use emergency text message alerts programs. Since 84% of Americans keep their cell phones turned on and with them 24 hours per day, and 94% of all text messages are opened and read immediately upon receipt, emergency text message alerts are a great way to reach students on-the-go. Moreover, your emergency text message alert will reach the studentnow. In an emergency situation, there is no alternative.
Here's how it works. Students sign up their cell phone numbers for an opt-in database controlled by the school or business. Most schools use its web site or registration period to obtain the cell phone numbers. When an emergency happens, the system administrator can react quickly, often getting the emergency notification out within seconds of the occurrence of the emergency.
Put simply: emergency text message alerts can save lives.
Can your school or business live without an emergency text message alert system as part of your overall emergency notification methods?