text:
TiVo Announces First Standalone Dual Tuner Product, the TiVo Series2 DT DVR
WEBWIRE – Tuesday, April 25, 2006
Record Two Shows At Once, Built-In Ethernet for Easy Networking and Refreshed Upscale Look
Alviso, CA -- April 25, 2006 — TiVo, the creator of and a leader in television services for digital video recorders (DVRs), announced today the launch of the TiVo® Series2™ DT DVR. Available at retail beginning May 1, the TiVo Series2 DT is the first standalone dual tuner DVR with the award-winning TiVo® service and features.
The TiVo Series2 DT DVR is optimized for cable households, allowing you to record two shows at once, so now you never have to miss any of your favorite shows — even if they're on at the same time. The TiVo Series2 DT DVR also incorporates built-in Ethernet and USB ports, making it easier than ever to add the TiVo box to the home network.
"We've been hearing from our subscribers that they wanted a TiVo DVR that could record two shows at once," said Jim Denney , Vice President of Product Marketing at TiVo. "With the TiVo Series2 DT DVR, we've delivered that capability to our customers at a very affordable price."
"We are excited to bring the new TiVo Series2 DT DVR into our stores," said Rick Bickford, Merchandise Manager at Circuit City . "TiVo is one of our most well-loved brands and we're confident that the feature enhancements and low price point are going to make the TiVo Series2 DT DVR a big hit."
The TiVo Series2 DT DVR will join the existing TiVo product line, and is available in an 80-hour model priced at just $99.99, after rebate and service activation. It will also be available at tivo.com bundled with the TiVo service.
Exclusive TiVo service features will be available on the TiVo Series2 DT DVR including:
* TiVoToGo™ Transfers: Take your favorite shows with you on the road by transferring them to a laptop or select portable players.
* TiVo Online Scheduling: Schedule recordings from the office or on the road from anywhere you can access the Internet.
* TiVo Online Services: Broadband connected Series2 subscribers can view both their own photo slideshows and those shared by friends with Yahoo! Photos, and check local weather and traffic from Yahoo!. Additionally, subscribers can browse and buy movie tickets from Fandango, discover new music on Live365, and listen to entertaining podcasts.
* Coming Soon: TiVo continually updates the TiVo service with new features and capabilities. In the coming months, TiVo users will be able to program their TiVo box to record programs directly from select Verizon cell phones. And by mid-year, users will welcome TiVo KidZone into their home. TiVo KidZone will give parents the power to easily make sure that the television programming their children watch meets their personal family standards.
The TiVo Series2 DT DVR will be available beginning May 1, 2006 at retailers including Circuit City , Best Buy, and Amazon.com, and online at www.tivo.com.
About TiVo Inc.
Founded in 1997, TiVo (NASDAQ: TIVO ) pioneered a brand new category of products with the development of the first commercially available digital video recorder (DVR). Sold through leading consumer electronic retailers, TiVo has developed a brand which resonates boldly with consumers as providing a superior television experience. Through agreements with leading satellite and cable providers, TiVo also integrates its full set of DVR service features into the set-top boxes of mass distributors. TiVo's DVR functionality and ease of use, with such features as Season Pass™ recordings and WishList® searches, has elevated its popularity among consumers and has created a whole new way for viewers to watch television. With a continued investment in its patented technologies, TiVo is revolutionizing the way consumers watch and access home entertainment. Rapidly becoming the focal point of the digital living room, TiVo's DVR is at the center of experiencing new forms of content on the TV, such as broadband delivered video, music and photos. With innovative features such as TiVoToGo™ transfers and online scheduling, TiVo is expanding the notion of consumers experiencing "TiVo, TV your way." TiVo is also at the forefront of providing innovative marketing solutions for the television industry, including a unique platform for advertisers and audience measurement research. The company is based in Alviso , Calif.
TiVo, Series2, WishList, Season Pass , TiVoToGo and the TiVo Logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of TiVo Inc.'s subsidiaries worldwide. All rights reserved. All other company or product names mentioned may be trademarks or registered trademarks of the respective companies with which they are associated.
TiVo Inc.
Jeff Weir
Sloane & Company for TiVo Inc.


Buying Luxury Real Estate in South Florida?
In the last 30 days, the Top 10 Condos Sold totaled $47.975M with an average selling price per square foot of $1,720. It took an average of 160 days to sell, and the median sale price was $3.950M.
In the last 30 days, the Top 10 Homes that Sold totaled $72.018M with an average selling price per square foot of $1,060. It took an average of 267 days to sell, and the median sale price was $6.225M.
Explore new listings, property information & buying options on new Miami construction and developments, gated communities, waterfront homes, luxury townhomes, Miami Penthouses plus so much more. I'm a South Florida real estate broker-associate with the leading firm – ONE Sotheby's International Realty. Since 2002, I've excelled in marketing, servicing & selling Sunny Isles Beach to South Beach along with Aventura to Coral Gables. Whether you're looking for the latest in waterfront estates, condo resales, market trends, off-market properties, new construction, bulk sales, or just plain good deals, I'll have it customized and ready for you at your convenience.
Gain fast access to the latest in real estate trends, new listings, preferred developments, important news updates, sales & statistics by signing up to the Monthly e-News to the right. My research is a treasured resource! When you're ready to buy, sell or lease in Miami-Dade or Fort Lauderdale, contact me at #888.38.DREAM. No gimmicks. No pressure. Just professional advice.


Twenty-one year old Sachin Sanwal, an engineering graduate, has received a dream offer from a Canada-based firm at a package of CAD 1,24,900 - equivalent to Rs 1 crore. The final year student of B.Tech electronics and communication engineering at Birla Institute of Applied Science (BIAS)-Bhimtal, Sanwal has been offered the role of an IT developer. But Sanwal is also considering a job at an Indian firm at a much lesser package instead.
Son of a tea-seller, Sanwal told indianexpress.com, "I was surfing through the LinkedIn and came across a job from a Canada-based firm. I along with many of my friends applied for the same, however, only my resume was shortlisted. We had rounds of online as well as telephonic interviews after which I got my offer." He has received a passport and is yet to initiate the visa process, this will be the first ever trip of anyone from his family of four to a foreign country.
Sanwal's father is a tea-seller in Bhimtal, Uttarakhand and his mother is a housewife. Sachin informed that he is the first ever graduate in his family and with a huge package getting his way, the entire family is overwhelmed. "My father has done a lot of struggle, he started from a tea stall and now we have a small restaurant of our own. He always emphasised on our education and never made us realised of his struggles. Now when I look back I realise how difficult it has been for him to manage both me and my sister," he said. Sanwal has a sister who studies in class 12 and has opted for medical. She will be appearing for medical entrance exams too.
"We are happy but also concerned about my offer getting abroad. I am not sure how things will work out. I am seeking guidance from my elder cousins who have gone abroad before," he said. "I had requested my placement in-charge to allow me to appear for other placements also. I appeared for job round at Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) and was selected their as well," he added.
Sanwal said, "I am apprehensive about settling abroad and want to gain experience first. I might take-up offer at TCS as it is a reputed and known front." TCS is offering a package of Rs 3.8 lakh per anum. On settling for a lower offer, Sanwal said, "Money is important but not everything for me. It is necessary to learn and grow first."
Comparing the interviews in both Indian and foreign companies, he said, "In the interview round of TCS, more basic questions were asked. They tested the core knowledge in IT domain but in the Canadian company, there were several interview rounds where HR had a bigger role to play. They tested overall personality and more behavioural questions were asked."
Sanwal also worked hard to develop good English speaking and communication skills. He said, "If you have your basics right and have basic knowledge of English, then cracking a job interview is not a difficult task."


Calling all Organic Gardeners! Ready to launch!
Recorded the first three episodes of the organic gardener podcast and have 3 more interviews scheduled this week!
As soon as I have 10 episodes in the bank I'm launching.
Podcasting is turning into so much more fun then I expected!! My guests have shared great tips, resources, and recipes already I feel like I have learned a ton of valuable information that's going to help me grow a better garden next year!
Lots of great inspiration and yummy sounding recipes being shared as well.
My only problem so far is the interviews are coming out much shorter then I thought they would so I either have to come up with more questions or insert some more content or something. I do want to add a funny gardening joke at the beginning to lighten the mood and I've got to get my introduction done etc.
Feeling so much closer to launch!
Are you ready to listen? Do you have an organic garden and a story to share? Let me know!!
This entry was posted in organic gardening and tagged garden podcast, organic gardening, podcasting. Bookmark the permalink.
Get ready for this and help out if you can!
It sounds like a great idea, and once one or two people "break the ice", I'm sure you will be flooded with anecdotes, and funny gardening stories. Take care now.
Thanks dbp49:~) It's been fun so far and I'm really learning a lot! Got my new mic today so really ready to roll! Can't wait to launch!
I started cipoostmng a few weeks ago. It's practically all dark liquid smells like poop. My compost had only fresh veg fruit scraps / / coffee grounds / tea grounds / egg shells. I forgot to cover it on a terrible downpour. It looks like muck / sludge. Is this thing useable anymore? I stopped placing scraps in it 2 weeks ago and started another little can with a lid. I do not have any old dried leaves to put in there either. I guess I should wet it a little too.


text:
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Bigotry in Context---The Dangers of Trump
The media "sh*tstorm" is perpetual. Donald Trump has managed to suck up the media oxygen virtually 24/7. If it isn't his "sh*thole" comments about much of Africa, Haiti and El Salvador, it's his tweets about compromises in Congress or his unrelenting dismissal of opponents with derisive diminutives.
The media has little choice but to report, analyze and comment on the daily distractions. What the media should do, but usually don't, is put Trump's actions and words into perspective. Admittedly, there is little precedent for the narcissistic self-aggrandizing occupant of the White House---what president has come close to his performance and personality? Historians suggest that he is truly sui generis. But an effort should be made to educate Americans as to what might transpire were his prescriptions to be enacted.
There are historic precedents for the kind of jingoistic, ethnocentric bigotry that has emanated from this administration regarding immigration and its implications---short term and long term---are pretty ugly.
For starters, we should all be reminded----as the Bible admonishes----to never forget from whence we come, "remember that you were slaves in Egypt"(Deuteronomy 15:15).
We were almost all immigrants at one point in the not too distant past. The kind of hostility and simple-mindedness that Trump (and his attorney general) have demonstrated should chill every thinking American. But the impact is attenuated by the historic ignorance that abounds.
A partial curative emerged today from one of the bulliest pulpits in the land short of the White House---The New York Times. Bret Stephens, the Times' Pulitzer Prize winning columnist has a brilliant column reminding us all that bigotry, fear, lies and distortions are nothing new in the immigration debate. In fact, virtually every one of the "America First" tactics of the Trump administration has been employed before against different sets of immigrants---what's new is the administration's ability to reach tens of millions with their hate and lies.
The target cohort that Stephens chose as an example of historically similar nativism is Jewish immigrants to the US of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century.
Not unlike today's targets (El Salvadorans, Iranians, Haitians, et al.) Jews were decried as purveyors of crime (the NYPD police commissioner falsely asserted that half of all
crime in New York City was committed by Jews); Jews were viewed as socially undesirable ("social discards") as compared to northern Europeans (sound familiar?); Jews were attacked as "moral cripples" "reeking of the ghetto" who were unprepared for citizenship, and on and on.
The list of accusations from a century ago is extensive and the ring of familiarity is chilling. What Stephens brilliantly does is ask the question, what if the bigots had prevailed? What would America be missing if those of supposed "genetic inferiority" had been denied admission, if the restrictionists had prevailed?
A question that our historical perspective allows us to answer. A media bound to today's headlines can't ask what would America be missing if we pulled up the gangplanks and closed our ports of entry. We have only history as a guide, and it suggests that Trump's ethnocentric fears are insidious foolishness.
Yet imagine if the United States had followed the advice of the immigration restrictionists in the late 19th century and banned Jewish immigrants, at least from Central Europe and Russia, on what they perceived to be some genetic inferiority. What, in terms of enterprise, genius, imagination, and philanthropy would have been lost to America as a country? And what, in terms of human tragedy, would have ultimately weighed on our conscience?
Today, American Jews are widely considered the model minority, so thoroughly assimilated that organizational Jewish energies are now largely devoted to protecting our religious and cultural distinctiveness. Someone might ask Jeff Sessions and other eternal bigots what makes an El Salvadoran, Iranian or Haitian any different.
Stephens' piece is powerful and right on target. Today's bigots see the world through their distorted prism, it takes reason, logic and some historical context to counteract their warping of reality.
Bravo Bret, an important piece that should be mandatory reading in every home in America!
Newer PostColorblindness Succeeds in California
Older PostDespite a Year of Anxiety, a Note of Hope

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Frequently Asked Questions

What is Bitnation?

Bitnation is the organization that is building world's first Decentralized Borderless Voluntary Nation (DBVN) - the Pangea Blockchain Jurisdiction. There are Bitnation entities incorporated in Singapore, Switzerland, Estonia, Belize and Netherlands, and Bitnation Embassies and Consulates in over 30 countries. Bitnation's HQ is based in Amsterdan and our core contributors are spread all around the globe.

You keep mentioning your Blockchain Jurisdiction - what can you do with it?

Bitnation's Blockchain Jurisdiction combines smart contract agreements, peer-to-peer mediation and arbitration (backed by an AI-assisted positive reputation based contract enforcement) and the ability to create opt-in nations and communities. At the heart of our technology is a surveillance-resistant mesh network which can write smart contracts to any integrated blockchain from a fully encrypted chat frontend.

What global problems does Bitnation's Jurisdiction solve?

Your security and choice of governance services, jurisdiction, values and economic opportunity is arbitrarily dictated by the place where you were born or reside. We can only truly reclaim our sovereignty through an independent legal domain - a jurisdiction.

Bitnation has created a blockchain jurisdiction in which communities can be built, contracts made, disputes resolved, and agreements positively enforced through reputation. Within this jurisdiction, governance services such as peer-to-peer security, insurance and education can be accessed via 3rd-party dapps.

What are Decentralised Borderless Voluntary Nations (DBVN)? Can I start my own Nation?

DBVN's are autonomous organizations formed as smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain under any code of law or set of rules. They are the governance service equivalent of Decentralised Autonomous Organisations (DAO).

You can absolutely start your own nation! Download the app and have a go yourself!

Wow, this all sounds amazing! But how does it work under the hood? What does the tech stack look like?

We use an encrypted chat as the primary user interface because as all agreements begin with a conversation. It's built on an off-chain mesh network that allows each client in the mesh to write smart contracts to a blockchain.

Currently, only the Ethereum chain is integrated - but we will add others in the future and offer users a choice of which blockchain they want their nation/community or individual contracts to run on.

I see XPAT is an ERC20 token, does that mean the Jurisdiction is built on Ethereum?

No, Bitnation is built on a blockchain agnostic mesh network which can write smart contracts to any integrated chain. Currently the Ethereum chain is the only one integrated, but we intend to add Bitcoin through the Rootstock protocol, Lisk, EOS and others. Citizens will be able to choose between blockchains depending on their requirements. Our architecture has been shaped to be configurable to new technologies as they emerge, including quantum resistant cryptography, which has been anticipated at the design-stage of our software.

Interesting, but how will Bitnation's Jurisdiction create a free market for governance services?

Our core infrastructure - an off-chain mesh network linked to blockchains -  is flexible and configurable. It allows many other third party blockchain services to be offered to users and communities - creating an ecosystem of competing service providers. The public API will be released during 2018, including a dapp fund to help 3rd party developers get started on their governance applications.

What is the target audience for Bitnation's Blockchain Jurisdiction?

Over 1 billion people will be online workers by 2025. These people will be offering their services globally and requiring jurisdictions and governance service providers that transcend national and legal boundaries.

A further 2 billion people working in the informal economy or are stateless and have few legal protections.

The existing legal services industry doesn't offer enough services in either emerging or developed markets and so that's a US$600 billion market ripe for disruption.

Bitnation's Jurisdiction is an awesome concept, but is it realistic?

Before the release of our Jurisdiction software in January 2018, Bitnation had already registered over 12,000 citizens and 200 voluntary nations on our website. Thousands of users have notarised documents or registered ID's using our earlier Public Notary software - demonstrating significant demand for opt-in jurisdiction and governance services. Now, based on the feedback we got from our POC and MVP, we have designed a credible and fullstack blockchain jurisdiction.

How will Bitnation's Jurisdiction Interact with Nation State Jurisdictions?

We can only succeed if we outcompete existing systems. A useful analogy is email and the postal service - email reduced the importance of the postal service but it was never necessary to explicitly compete against it. The benefits of email over a postal service are clear, and users intuitively choose to send email instead of letters.

Similarly, the benefits of using a transparent, fast, cheap and voluntary governance service instead of slow, expensive and opaque centralised services will be clear. Our user-base will thus grow organically as the utility of our technology increases.

Some forward thinking governments are realizing this new paradigm and are integrating blockchain technology as well, others are aiming to compete on a global market for opt-in governance services such as Singapore, Estonia, Dubai, Switzerland and others.

Is the Bitnation Jurisdiction available on Android and iOS?

Yes! It's available to download at the Google Play store for Android and on TestFlight for iOS. Updated versions with new features integrated will be released every few weeks to the stores.

We expect to have a fully functional Pangea software available for iOS, Android as well as Windows, Mac and Linux clients by the end of Q4 2018.

What is the Pangea Arbitration Token (XPAT) and how do I earn it on the Bitnation Jurisdiction?

XPAT is an ERC20 token which serves as a contract enforcement mechanism and drives the reputation system on Pangea, our Jurisdiction. Pangea awards three non-tradable sub-tokens for 1) making and completing contracts, or arbitrating disputes related to contracts, 2) building nations and communities that offer high-rated services, 3) developing and updating smart contracts that are highly rated by users.

Users can only rate smart contracts and nations - not other users - to prevent popularity contests. The AI rates users against set criteria. Once you've accumulated enough non-tradable reputation tokens you get awarded with XPAT, similar to Air Miles or Amazon points.

Which Exchanges are XPAT listed on?

XPAT can be traded,on Bancor, LAToken, ForkDelta, TokenJar, Komodo, Chainrift, Citowise and others. More wallets and exchanges are being added each month.

When will Phase III of the ICO start?

We held a pre-sale in Q4 2017 and a public auction in Q2 2018 and we will sell 1% per month in a slow release ICO phase from later this year. There is no official whitelist, but if you are interested in the slow release phase or private sales you can register to receive regular emailed updates on our token sale website by pressing the "Buy XPAT" button. Tokens are sold direct by Bitnation at market price with a bonuses schedule based on volumes.

How are ICO proceeds being used?

All capital raised during the ICO is being used to: further develop our technology (51%); expand our operations (22%); build market adoption and educate users (17%); and expand the ecosystem of nations, dapps and governance service providers on Pangea (10%).

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text:
This content is current only at the time of printing. This document was printed on 22 January 2021. A current copy is located at https://apvma.gov.au/taxonomy/term/18021
an agricultural product
similar to a registered reference product and efficacy and safety and chemistry and manufacture data is required (Item 5)
Applications to register a new product based on that product being similar or closely similar to a registered reference product can be made via one of the following item numbers:
Item 5—new product—similar to a reference product (efficacy and safety and chemistry and manufacture data required)
Item 6—new product—closely similar to a reference product (chemistry and manufacture data required)
Item 7—new product—closely similar to a reference product (no further data required).
Applicants can also seek approval of a new source of an existing active constituent in conjunction with a product registration under Item 5 and 6 applications. Please see 'I want to register a product and apply for the concurrent approval of a new source of active' for further information about this pathway.
If your proposed product is:
the same as a reference product (ie only the product name and owner are changing), then you should submit your application under an Item 8 (also referred to as a 'repack')
not similar, or closely similar to a reference product, or requires a technical assessment other than chemistry or efficacy and safety, you should submit your application under an Item 10.
This tailored guidance covers applications to register a new product on the basis that it is similar, or closely similar, to an existing registered product (referred to as a reference product). This allows the APVMA to consider the proposed new product based on the risk assessments previously conducted for the registration of the reference product.
Reference products should be agvet chemical products currently registered by the APVMA. Registered chemical products can be searched on APVMA's product search tool. Where there are relevant limits on the use of information associated with the reference product, the APVMA will require consent from the holder of that information before it can be considered as a reference product to support your application.
Which application form do you need?
I want to register a product that is based on an existing registered reference product for: - Select - an agricultural product a veterinary product
Schedule 6 of the Agvet Code Regulations provides statutory definitions of when a proposed product is similar or closely similar to a reference product. To determine the appropriate Item number, you need to first establish whether your product meets the statutory definition of similar or closely similar in relation to your nominated reference product. The following table lists the criteria to assist you through this step:
(proposed product compared to reference product)
Closely similar
Same active Y Y
Same concentration of actives N/A Y
Other ingredients in the formulation are the same or perform the same function N/A Y
Formulation type is the same Y Y
Label refers to same crops, situations and pests as the reference product label Y Y
Label includes similar instructions for use as the reference product Y Y
Label claims are the same, fewer or reduced Y Y
Reference product information is not subject to limit of use of information or
the applicant has obtained consent from the owner to use the data from the reference product Y Y
The following table depicts for each relevant risk area where either:
i) a specific 'assessment' will apply, or
ii) where the submission relies on the 'reference product'.
Risk area by module type
2: Chemistry Assessment Assessment Reference product
3: Toxicology Reference product
4: Toxicology – poison scheduling Reference product
5: Residues and trade Reference product
6: Work health and safety Reference product
7: Environment Reference product
8: Efficacy and safety Assessment Reference product
9: Non-food trade Reference product
10: Special data Reference product
Reference product = risk assessment can be satisfied by that previously undertaken on a single reference product.
Pre-application assistance is available to give applicants advice on the requirements of an application before submission.
I want to register a new product that is: - Select - similar to a registered reference product and efficacy and safety and chemistry and manufacture data is required (Item 5) closely similar to a registered reference product and chemistry data is required (Item 6) closely similar to a registered reference product—no further data required (Item 7)
Specific information on completing this application form is provided below. Once you are familiar with the content you can proceed to 'Start an application' at the button below.
Please note: the fees referenced in this tailored guidance take effect from 1 July 2020. For a list of fees and charges up to 30 June 2020, please view the timeframe and fees section on our website.
The Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals (Administration) Act establishes the APVMA as an independent statutory authority of the Commonwealth, responsible for the regulation and control of agvet chemicals in Australia up to the point of retail sale. This Act contains all of the internal details of the establishment of and the functions and powers of the APVMA. It also contains provisions controlling the import and export of chemicals.
The Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals Act contains the constitutional and other legal provisions that enable the Agvet Code to have effect.
The Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals Code Act, among other things, contains the detailed provisions allowing the APVMA to evaluate, approve or register and review active constituents and agricultural and veterinary chemical products (and their associated labels); and to issue permits and to license the manufacture of chemical products. It also contains provisions for controls to regulate the supply of chemical products; and provisions ensuring compliance with, and for the enforcement of, the code.
The Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals Code Regulations 1995 prescribe detailed provisions of the Agvet Code.
The Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals Code (Application Requirements) Instrument 2014 sets out the information that must be contained in, or accompany an, application under the Agvet Code.
Section 6A of the Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals Code Act states that the APVMA may make guidelines. The APVMA has a number of guidelines which fall under this, for example:
Guideline for module descriptors
Data guidelines.
In addressing the criteria, the applicant may provide information, or valid scientific argument that might address a specific criterion. The following sections of the Agvet Code provide definitions for meeting the criteria:
Safety (Section 5A).
An active constituent or chemical product meets the safety criteria if use of the constituent or product, in accordance with any instructions approved, or to be approved, by the APVMA for the constituent or product or contained in an established standard:
a) is not, or would not be, an undue hazard to the safety of people exposed to it during its handling or people using anything containing its residues; and
b) is not, or would not be, likely to have an effect that is harmful to human beings; and
c) is not, or would not be, likely to have an unintended effect that is harmful to animals, plants or things or to the environment.
To satisfy the S 5A criteria, the APVMA considers chemistry and manufacture, toxicology (including poison scheduling, residues, work health and safety, environment and target safety).
Efficacy (Section 5B)
A chemical product meets the efficacy criteria if use of the product, in accordance with instructions approved, or to be approved, by the APVMA for the product or contained in an established standard, is, or would be, effective according to criteria determined by the APVMA by legislative instrument.
Trade (Section 5C)
A chemical product meets the trade criteria if use of the product, in accordance with instructions approved, or to be approved, by the APVMA or contained in an established standard, does not, or would not, unduly prejudice trade or commerce between Australia and places outside Australia.
Labelling (Section 5D)
In approving a label for a container for chemical products, the APVMA must be satisfied that the label contains adequate instructions. This allows the APVMA to ensure that the risks of using the agvet chemical product are adequately mitigated through appropriate instructions.
The APVMA's Agricultural Labelling Code and Veterinary Labelling Code also contain further labelling requirements that ensure a standard layout, eligibility and further help in mitigating the risk of using agvet chemical products when used in accordance with the label instructions.
Section 8A of the Agvet Code provides the definition of 'meets the application requirements'.
Parts 2 and 4 of the Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals Code (Application Requirements) Instrument sets out the information that must be contained in, or accompany an, application under the Agvet Code.
6A of the Agvet Code states that the APVMA may make written guidelines for performing its functions and exercising its powers under this Code.
The APVMA has designed guidelines to help inform the APVMA and applicants as to the modules, data and information that will apply for different types of applications. The guidelines are not the law. The APVMA will have regard to it, but from time to time may depart from it when determining the modules, data and information are necessary for a particular application. The APVMA has a number of guidelines which fall under this, for example:
limits on use of information.
Applications may be withdrawn
Section 8D of the Agvet Code states that at any time after the application is made and before it is determined, the applicant may withdraw it by giving the APVMA written notice of the withdrawal signed by the applicant.
The following definition of closely similar is as contained in Schedule 6 of the Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals Code Regulations 1995.
1.2 When chemical products are closely similar
(1) Subject to subsection (2), an agricultural chemical product (the proposed chemical product) and a reference chemical product are closely similar if:
(a) the active constituents in the proposed chemical product are the same as the approved active constituents in the reference chemical product; and
(b) the concentration of the active constituents referred to in paragraph (a) are the same; and
(c) either:
(i) the other ingredients in the formulations of the proposed and reference chemical products are the same; or
(ii) if the other ingredients in the formulations of the proposed and reference chemical products are different, those other ingredients perform similar functions (for example, as emulsifiers, surfactants, dyes or solvents); and
(d) the formulation type of the proposed and reference chemical products are the same; and
(e) the label of the proposed chemical product refers to the same crops, situations and pests as the approved label of the reference chemical product (that is, the proposed chemical product must have no uses additional to those of the reference chemical product); and
(f) the label of the proposed chemical product includes similar instructions on how to use the product, and precautionary or safety instructions, as the approved label of the reference chemical product; and
(g) either:
(i) the claims on the labels of the proposed and reference chemical products are the same; or
(ii) if the claims are different, the claims on the label of the proposed chemical product are fewer or reduced compared to the claims on the approved label of the reference chemical product.
(2) However, the proposed agricultural chemical product and the reference chemical product are taken not to be closely similar if information about the reference chemical product is protected information.
The fee to register a new product that is similar to a registered reference product (Item 5) is a fixed fee of $7566. The timeframe is eight months. Legislative timeframes commence once the application has passed preliminary assessment and fees have been paid.
This application type is subject to an extended assessment period if a section 159 notice is sent requesting additional information. The extended assessment period for an Item 5 application is 12 months.
What you need to provide
To meet the application requirements you will need to provide:
a completed online application form
the application fee plus any amount that is due to the APVMA
APVMA product number for your nominated reference product
an information list
consent for use, if your reference product has limits on use of information
e-label.
Completed online application form
First time applicants will need to complete an online services new user access form to access APVMA online services.
If you are unfamiliar with the application process you may wish to consult the guide to completing an online application.
The application fee
pay the total fee on submission or
pay the preliminary assessment fee of $902 on submission and the remaining balance once the application has been accepted.
You can choose to pay by credit card, electronic funds transfer or BPAY.
Note: To meet the application requirements you must pay any amount (including an amount in respect of a tax or penalty) that is due and payable by you to the APVMA (including under a law of another jurisdiction or the agvet law).
The application must contain, or be accompanied by, information relevant to whether the chemical product meets the safety and efficacy criteria. Applicants should include an explanation why supporting information is not required if not provided with the application.
Detailed data guidelines for chemistry and manufacture are available in Part 2
Efficacy and host crop safety
Detailed data guidelines for efficacy and safety are in Part 8.
Data requirements
Relevant data for module levels—agricultural chemical products sets out the data that may be relevant to particular assessment modules detailed in the Agvet Regulations. This list is not exhaustive and is only intended to provide you with guidance in putting your application together.
The data requirements relevant for Item 5 applications are:
2.3 – Chemistry
8.3 – Efficacy and crop safety.
Reference product details
Applicants must nominate one, and only one, registered reference product. Details to provide include the product/active constituent number and the full name of the product/active. Reference products must be agvet chemical products currently registered by the APVMA. Registered chemical products can be searched on APVMA's product search database.
Consent for use from the relevant authorising party (if applicable)
Consent for use is required where there is protected information listed for the reference product, unless one of the following exceptions apply:
the applicant is the authorising party for the data associated with the reference product
the applicant has obtained consent for use from the relevant authorising party or parties. This consent for use must be explicit and include the relevant data numbers
the protected information is not relevant to the proposed use pattern.
Protected data details are listed in our product search database record for the reference product.
Note: Consent for use applies to all relevant risk areas
Information list
It is an application requirement that all applications for approval, registration or variation include a short description of each item of information contained in, or accompanying the application—an information list.
Any document (information) submitted with the application constitutes information for the purposes of the information list. This includes supporting information, such as consent for use letters, manufacturer's declarations, MSDS, certificates of analysis, GMP certificates and other such documentation, in addition to the scientific studies or data that may be submitted to specifically address the safety, trade and efficacy criteria.
The online application form contains fields to assist applicants in entering the information required to generate the information list.
Note: Information lists are published, including details of the holders of the information. Applicants should take care not to inadvertently divulge confidential commercial information (CCI) when creating the list.
Electronic label (e-label)
The APVMA must have regard to certain matters or details in order to satisfy itself that a label meets the labelling criteria and approve the label (sections 5D and 14 of the Agvet Code). Applicants must use the e-label template to submit the label details that the APVMA must take into account.
Introduction to preparing a label and the label approval process provides more detailed information.
Scenario 1: Registration of a new product that is similar to a reference product
An applicant has applied to register a 100 g/L SC insecticide referencing a registered 200 g/L SC insecticide. The use pattern (crops and insect pests) and the rate of active is to be applied at the same as that to the reference product. The applicant has checked the APVMA product search database and confirmed that the reference product does not have any protected data.
The applicant has considered the definition of similar and has determined that their proposed product meets the definition in relation to the nominated reference product. The applicant submits both (i) chemistry and (ii) efficacy and safety data for the assessment.
The APVMA will conduct assessments to determine if:
the proposed product meets the definition of similar when compared to the nominated reference product
the submitted efficacy and safety data supports bioequivalence of the new product to the reference product
the chemistry and manufacturing data submitted demonstrates that the formulation is stable in the proposed container.
The assessment fee for this application is a fixed fee of $7566. The statutory timeframe will be eight months but may be extended to 12 months if further information is required by the APVMA during assessment.
Scenario 2: Registration of a product which meets the statutory definition of similar but requires assessment of health risks
An applicant has applied to register a 500 g/kg WP fungicide nominating a 200 g/kg WP fungicide as the reference product. The use pattern (crops and diseases) is the same as the reference product and the active in the product is to be applied at the same rate as the active in the reference product.
A reference product has been nominated to address the risk areas, however, as the first aid instructions and safety directions (FAISD) has only been established for a 200 g/kg WP formulation, the proposed product will require assessment of the risk to workers during the mixing and loading and will establish new safety directions for the 500 g/kg WP.
This application is considered under a modular assessment—new product (Item 10) as the new product is based on an existing active constituent but requires technical consideration, other than chemistry and manufacture or efficacy and safety, to be satisfied the proposed formulation change does not present an undue hazard to the safety of people exposed to it.
Scenario 3: Registration of a product which meets the statutory definition of similar but requires assessment of risks to the environment
An applicant has applied to register a selective herbicide for the control of certain weeds in a range of situations which includes specific aquatic situations.
A reference product has been nominated to address the risk areas, however there are differences in the surfactants of the proposed and reference product which require an environmental assessment to determine their safety.
This application is considered under a modular assessment—new product (Item 10), as the new product is based on a similar existing product but requires technical assessment of environment risks for the new surfactants.
Scenario 4: Registration of a product which meets the statutory definition of similar but the formulation type is not the same
An applicant has applied to register a 250 g/kg WP fungicide using a 480 g/L SC fungicide as the reference product. The active in the product is to be applied at the same rate as the active in the reference product. The applicant submits both (i) chemistry and (ii) efficacy and safety data for the assessment.
The reference product has been nominated to address the risk areas, however the difference in formulation type, SC to WP, results in the proposed product not being 'similar' to the reference products and therefore the application does not meet the requirements of an Item 5. See the criteria matrix in the introduction section for further information.
This application should be considered under a modular assessment—new product (Item 10). The proposed product does not meet the statutory definition of similar as it requires technical assessment of the formulation change.
Scenario 5: Registration of a product which meets the statutory definition of similar but the reference product has limits of use
An applicant has applied to register a 112.5 g/L SC insecticide using a 225 g/L SC insecticide as the reference product. The active in the product is to be applied at the same rate as the active in the reference product and is to be used on wheat. The applicant submits both (i) chemistry and (ii) efficacy and safety data for the assessment.
The applicant has considered the definition of closely similar and has determined that their proposed product meets the definition in relation to the nominated reference product. The application has been submitted under Item 5, a reference product has been nominated and data provided to address the risk areas.
On examination, the APVMA notes that the reference product has limits on use of information applying to efficacy, target safety and residues for certain crops (apples and wheat) but not others (oranges) listed in our product search database record for the reference product. The proposed use for wheat does NOT meet the requirements of an Item 5 application as the reference product has relevant protected information. See the criteria matrix in the introduction section for further information. The applicant has not provided consent for use from the holder of the limits of use data relevant to wheat.
Revised application type
The applicant should instead either:
provide consent to use the protected data on wheat from the holder of the reference product when submitting under an Item 5
be considered under a modular assessment—new product (Item 10) as the new product is based on a similar existing product but requires technical assessment of efficacy, target safety and residues.
To register a product which contains a combination of existing actives in registered products (Item 5):
You will be redirected to online services to log in.


You're likely already sporting fab new sunglasses and summery sandals, and do a daily slathering of higher SPF, right? But have you freshened up your beauty collection? These tips will get you headed in the right direction for summer.
You know that metallic blue liquid eyeliner you've been hoarding for 5 years? It may be time to have a think about whether you're actually going to go all catwalk-chic with graphic liner any time soon. It's nice to have the option of a pop of color, but there's quite likely a good reason you haven't used it since the day you bought it – not every trend suits every person, and if you're just not keen on it, why not make way for some new pieces that you've been lusting after instead?
Let's face it – old makeup is pretty gross. Bacteria is a real beauty no-no, and unfortunately quite a bit of it can be found amongst those unloved eyeshadows, lipsticks and concealers sitting at the bottom of your make up bag. If you're in need of that extra push to say goodbye to some old favorites, use the hygiene card as your motivation to clean things up and invest in some new key pieces. As a guide, most products have a 'use after opening' number on them – this is how many months you should keep an item for before throwing it away.
Before you start to freshen your make up collection, set yourself some guidelines and stick to them. For example, if you haven't worn a particular beauty item for a good 12 months (and it's not really your thing anymore), get rid of it. Those magazine freebies you thought you might try out that have been sitting in your bag forever? If you're not going to use them soon, admit defeat and pass them along to a friend (provided they're unopened and in date) and de-clutter your space.
If your make up collection has got a little out of hand (no judgment – we're all beauty junkies here!) then why not adopt a 'one in, one out' system for cleaning your make up bag? That way, you don't have to commit to getting rid of lots of products at once…but for every new item you buy, you say goodbye to an old one.
There are all kinds of fabulous new products each season, have fun freshening up your collection. And if you find something you love, but aren't quite sure exactly how to best use it or get the look you're after, come see us at either of our two locations – our makeup application starts at only $9!


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text:
Snatching Defeat From the Jaws of Victory
I'm sort of sick of talking about Mitt Romney because, you know, Buffalo. But the Presidential campaign has become that car wreck you rubberneck on the 33. The three swing states Mitt has to win to have a chance of winning this thing are Ohio, Virginia and Florida, right? Well, a WaPo poll has Mitt trailing Obama -8 in Virginia. Not only that, but Mitt's entire campaign has boiled down to – hey, disillusioned Obama '08 voters, not so excited anymore? Vote for Mitt! That WaPo poll in Virginia reveals that 61% of likely Obama voters are "very enthusiastic" about the incumbent; only 45% of Romney voters are "very enthusiastic" . It gets better, because the conservative commentariat's hand-wringing has become so vigorous and anxious that they are warning that Romney isn't just losing a sure thing, but he's taking the entire conservative movement down with him. And his campaign is currently $11 million in debt.
Yesterday, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court remanded a case involving that state's proposed voter ID/disenfranchisement law. A lower court had upheld the statute, but the state's highest court demanded that the lower court
… block the law unless Pennsylvania can prove it is currently providing "liberal access" to photo identification cards and that there "will be no voter disenfranchisement" on Election Day. The two dissenters opposed the voter ID law and wanted the Supreme Court to issue an injunction itself.
The ruling said there was a "disconnect" between what the law prescribes and how it was actually being implemented. It said an "ambitious effort" to implement identification procedures in a short timeframe "has by no means been seamless in light of the serious operational constraints faced by the executive branch."
Voter ID is an answer to a question no one asked – actual cases of voter fraud are almost non-existent, and the actual effect of these statutes is to disenfranchise the poor and elderly – the 47% about whom Mr. Romney so famously spoke at a $50,000/plate fundraiser in Boca Raton in May.
Incidentally, click here (part 1) and here (part 2) if you'd like to see the complete, uncensored Romney remarks – where he promises to take advantage of things like the storming of the Benghazi consulate, and that the Israeli/Palestinian conflict is so intractable that, why bother? Just kick the can down the road. (That's "leadership", folks.)
Romney went on Fox News yesterday and accused Obama of having a hidden video problem, trotting out a video of then-State Senator Obama in 1998 explaining that he likes the fact that America's taxation policies are redistributive. McCain did it in 2008, and it went nowhere. Taxes are by their very nature redistributive – they take money through taxes to pay for other things, sometimes social welfare safety net programs. Society has deemed it more desirable to, e.g., provide food stamps rather than revert to a Dickensian nightmare of poor kids stealing pocketwatches for Mr. Fagin.
No one knows why Romney wants to run against 1998 Obama instead of 2012 Obama, except that it allows him to paint Obama as a socialist. Because even though Obama's policies are fundamentally centrist and comport with mainstream Democratic policy, because of his name and race, it's quite easy to paint him as a foreign "other". Honestly? It's racist, and we shouldn't pussyfoot around that fact.
But if Mitt Romney really wants to compare and contrast videos 1990s videos with Barack Obama, then that'd be fun.
Finally, part of the problem in the 27th Congressional District race is that Chris Collins is trying to hop on the Romney bandwagon, unaware of just how much he resembles the out-of-touch, unlikeable Presidential candidate. He has repeatedly stated that he supported the Ryan budget that would have turned Medicare into a complicated voucher program, costing seniors more, and that the Ryan budget in fact, "didn't go far enough". So, it must come as a worry to seniors because Collins says his first order of business would be to repeal Obamacare. But Obamacare is in the process of eliminating the Medicare "donut hole". which saddles many seniors with huge bills for medication.
Seniors whose annual drug costs surpassed $2,830 found themselves paying the rest of their bills in total until they hit an out-of-pocket limit of $4,550. At that point "catastrophic coverage" kicks in, and the government pays 95 percent of the costs.
Someday, we'll reset the public debate over health insurance and come to the realization that expansion of Medicare to all Americans, with an efficient single-payer program so that people don't ever see a bill for anything ever, so that their Medicare is paid for through payroll taxes (and is therefore not something for nothing), and that the very rich retain their opportunity to seek cancer treatments in Switzerland (a country with a universal insurance mandate) complete with LearJet transportation. Someday we'll reset the debate to question why we agonize over coverage gaps, why our employers spend so much money and effort choosing between crappy insurance plans that cost a fortune. Someday we'll reset the debate to compare the actual cost of what we pay for costly, inefficient, bureaucrat-heavy private insurance versus the actual cost of what we'd all pay to expand Medicare to everybody.
You know, the debate we've been having essentially since the end of World War II, and which every other industrialized, free market capitalist, pluralist nation-state has figured out generations ago.
tagged with 47%, Collins, Hochul, medicare, NY-27, Obama, romney
Brian Buckley
Alan, your last paragraph might be one of the best and most succinct arguments for single payer universal healthcare I've seen. I just don't understand why everyone that is against it thinks that it would be free. I just want my taxes to pay for my medical care…
MaxPlanck
The Cleveland Plain Dealer reports that Florida Senator Marco Rubio was in town presumably to stump for Romney but only mentioned him 3 times in his remarks. He, like Governor Christie, knows the GOP's real shot at The White House won't be until 2016.
http://www.cleveland.com/open/index.ssf/2012/09/on_the_stump_in_richmond_heigh.html
Jesse Griffis
This is a useful election. Get rid of Romney so he'll just go away, already, and hopefully destroy the "Waaa! We're angry!" with no substance conservative retards. One can dream anyway.
Speaking of dreaming, I offer "with an efficient single-payer program"…
But what you should REALLY be worried about Alan, is why Obama is not wiping the floor with Romney's corpse at this point.
How is it that nationwide they're anywhere near equal? Gonna dismiss it as just racism?
Alan Bedenko
Not _just_ racism. But a LOT of racism, xenophobia, and the result of a concerted disinformation campaign. This is, frankly, one of the most substantive elections in recent memory. You have a distinct choice between a craven "every man for himself" Randian versus building upon and improving the civil society we've created over the past 90 years.
So yes. You do think it's just a bunch of stupid white hicks and evil Rove-ites. Got it.
If you actually believe Romney is close to Rand or is in any substantive way going to dismantle the crony capitalist state we have now, you're delusional. And in every election cycle one side believes it's "the most important in history" so that's no winning argument.
It's very hard to believe you think Obama's all roses and unicorn farts and it's just stupidity+evil that's keeping him from achieving apotheosis.
Those opposed to Obama have spent the last 5 years relentlessly building the case that he's a socialist, Kenyan, etc., etc., ad infinitum. That's all shorthand for "black guy with a funny name". If you don't see that for what it very clearly is, then I don't really need to address what you do and don't find hard to believe.


Valentine's Day is quickly approaching, which means that you need to find the perfect gift for your special valentine! There are so many different products out on the market, as well as so many directions that your gift-giving options can go! We want to make this entire shopping experience much easier for you, so that you can spend most of your time with your valentine instead of in the stores.
Since Valentine's Day is known for its language of love, you are definitely going to want to choose only the best gifts that will make that special someone feel loved, cherished, appreciated, pampered, and more.
If your special someone is interested in vegan cosmetics, we have quite a few products that will delight her immensely. All the vegan Valentine's Day gifts that we have fallen in love with are perfect options for your gift giving needs, and once you purchase them and give them to her on that special day, you will be known for your thoughtful and inspiring gift choices.
This fragrant body butter has the scents of rose, sandalwood, and vanilla, from essential oils, which is perfect for calming and relaxing a person. The shea butter in this vegan formula will moisturize and nourish your loved one's skin, either directly after a shower or bath, or any other time that she smooths it on. All the ingredients that are used within this product are natural and sourced sustainably, which is perfect for those who are conscious about the ingredients in the products they use.
The Kaolin clay in this face mask is the primary ingredient, although a small amount of bentonite clay is also included to ensure that the person using it gets the full benefits of the mask. The scent comes naturally from pure calendula, chamomile, and lavender petals, which offer a relaxing and soothing experience. Since there are no essential oils in this product, she won't need to worry about their skin becoming too oily at any time.
This extraordinary eye shadow palette can be refilled when it's gone, reducing waste now and in the future. There are ten different shades, which means that the valentine in your life can change up her look every day and night. Each color is made from all-natural vegan ingredients, which gives them a silky texture when they are applied. The castor oil will moisturize the eyelid, while the silica will regenerate that same skin to make it plumper than ever before.
Every woman who loves eco-friendly and vegan cosmetics will love this fabulous mascara that will not only increase the thickness of their lashes, but the length as well. The cocoa color is actually a chocolate brown that pairs well with any eye color, but it really makes green and blue eyes stand out the most. The fact that this mascara can be refilled is a perk that every eco-friendly makeup lover will enjoy, as they will know that they are keeping their makeup waste to a minimum and helping the environment at the same time.
This kit comes with everything that a woman will need on her eco-friendly journey, which is why it makes the perfect eco-friendly Valentine's Day gift. Inside, she will find a bamboo toothbrush, tasty coconut oil toothpaste, solid shampoo and soap bars, a natural deodorant, and even biodegradable cotton swabs. The deodorant, soap, and shampoo will have your special someone smelling fabulous all day long, while the packaging has been made with the planet in mind.
Of course, there are always the times when you are going to have no idea which Eco Valentine's Day gift is going to be the best one. In those scenarios, it can be a good idea to purchase a gift card voucher, so your special someone can make their own choice and purchase everything that they love. This is also perfect if you forgot that Valentine's Day was so close, as it can be emailed to her in minutes, relieving you from needing to purchase extra gifts last minute! You can purchase this gift card ahead of time too, and then schedule it to be sent via email on the day of your choice, so you do not risk forgetting about it in the meantime.
To save you time and make purchasing your Valentines gifts fast and easy, we've put together our own collection of Eco-friendly Valentine's gifts for Her.
This gorgeous luxury gift set is full of natural, eco-friendly products ideal for those seeking healthier and more sustainable alternatives. Make this Valentines extra special for your other half by introducing them to luxury natural and vegan skincare.
This gorgeous bath time gift set is full of natural, eco-friendly products ideal for those seeking healthier and more sustainable alternatives. Make this Valentines extra special for your other half by treating them to a luxury bath time set.
There is nothing better than purchasing Eco-Friendly Valentine's Day gifts for that special someone in your life, because they will get to experience pure bliss when they use them. Since each of the above products are made from all-natural ingredients, they each have special qualities that make them extraordinary.
Once the gift is opened, you should expect the woman in your life to rush to use the products immediately, because the natural scents emitting from them all will be so enticing. Of course, that means that you will get the joy of those scents to, after she uses them, as she leans into you to give you the thank you that you deserve.
You will definitely be getting some major kudos when you use any of these items for your gift this Valentine's Day.
There is no doubt that shopping for Valentine's Day gifts for men is almost next to impossible, and yes, it can be even more difficult than shopping for a woman! However, there are so many eco-friendly and vegan options out there that the man in your life will love just as much as you do.


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Sleater-Kinney's No Cities to Love: Feminist Punk Fury from Masters of the Form
Drummer Boy
When Sleater-Kinney announced No Cities to Love, their first album after a 10-year hiatus, the music world was abuzz with a mix of anticipation (they're back together!) and apprehension (will they still be good?). I had a different question on my mind: who is this band? Unlike other music fans, I hadn't heard any of the band's previous seven records.
But after hearing their latest album, I plunged into their back catalog, listening to all of their records. While they've made more poignant (One Beat) and ambitious (The Woods), No Cities is their most straight-to-finish enjoyable album. There's plenty of familiarity here: tight three minute punk songs that balance pop, rock, and feminism without breaking a sweat. But the band feels tighter-knit than ever before, working together with more power than ever. The result may be their most accessible album, and a fine starting-point for newbies, but also a satisfying work for diehards.
But…who are Sleater-Kinney? Named after a Lacey, Washington interstate, Corin Tucker and Carrie Brownstein formed the band in 1994, as part of the riot-girrl female-punk wave. Listening to their self-titled first album, released in 1996, you'll notice many of their defining qualities (angry yet thoughtful lyrics sung over roaring punk) are apparent but far from fully formed. Their third record, the now-classic Dig Me Out (1997), was their first great one, a blast of punk-pop with a newfound clarity. After two weaker efforts, they really shook things up with One Beat (2002) and The Woods (2005). Neither sounded quite like anything they'd tried before; the former was a catchy pop-rock response to 9/11, the latter a speaker-exploding re-working of 70's hard rock.
No Cities doesn't seek out as much new sonic territory as The Woods did. But the band, freshly regrouped, has taken a little something from all their other albums (howling, heavy fury; concise pop melodies; and thoughtful lyrics), shaken it all together, and produced a precisely distilled record that feels completely fresh.
Sleater-Kinney doesn't waste anytime in hooking listeners, either. They grab you with an opening guitar line and refuse to let go for 32 minutes. As always, the band strikes a balance between the clear and the chaotic, the refined and the raw. In the space of a neatly structured 3-minute rock song, they express a world of struggle, yearning, and excitement. There's also plenty of infectious hooks, Carrie Brownstein's sophisticated guitar work, never-better drumming from Janet Weiss, and Corin Tucker's singing. Amidst it all, Tucker's voice truly stands out, an instrument unto itself. She screams, she screechs, yet she's always saying something. The band has always been interested in more than innocent love songs, and the topics tackled here include the struggling economy, ungrateful men, and the people that makes the cities worth loving. With No Cities To Love, the band will likely find a few new fans, and I'm happy to say I'm one of them.
Ethan said:
What a thoughtfully constructed review on my favorite album of the year so far! I hope you turn some new listeners on to the album with your excellent review. The band's fierce energy and raw emotional power shines through on this shocker of an album.
Leave a Reply to Ethan Cancel reply
One boy talking about music…
A Few Album Favorites from 2015
Soundfully at the MOMA: A Jumbled Bjork Retrospective and Much More
Tame Impala's Let It Happen: Dense Electronic Rock with Self-Indulgent Splendor
Tearing Down the House: St. Vincent Kills It at Lupo's
St. Vincent's 10 Best Songs
Meredith on Tearing Down the House: St. Vincent Kills It at Lupo's
Meredith on The Grammys: Tiring and Tedious, Lightened by Lennox and Legend
Ethan on Sleater-Kinney's No Cities to Love: Feminist Punk Fury from Masters of the Form
Papa on Tame Impala's Lonerism: An Enthralling Psych-Rock Odyssey
Anisa on Jack White's 10 Best Songs
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Preheat oven to 425 degrees. Mix all ingredients in a bowl. Stir well. Spray a 10×15 pan with non-stick cooking spray. Spread mixture onto pan evenly. Bake for 35 minutes and turn off the oven. Let cool inside the oven 4 hours for crunchy kibble. For bread like consistency, remove from oven and let cool at room temperature. Let cool completely and break apart in desired size chunks.
Storage: Place in an airtight container and store in the refrigerator for up to 7 days. May be frozen for up to 2 months.
Optional: Add an egg and or ground eggshells for added calcium.
Not a complete meal. For supplemental feeding only.


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Maria Cahill
Maria Cahill is Professor of Law at University College Cork.
She is a graduate of Trinity College, Dublin (LLB) and the European University Institute (LLM, PhD). She lectured at the National University of Ireland, Galway, before joining the Faculty of Law at University College Cork in August 2008. She teaches Constitutional Law, Advanced Legal Reasoning, Advanced Constitutional Law and Research Methods for PhD researchers.
Maria was a Visiting Fellow at the Institute of European and Comparative Law at the University of Oxford in 2015 and a Kathleen Fitzpatrick Visiting Fellow at the Centre for Comparative Constitutional Studies at the University of Melbourne in 2019. Maria's research has focussed on social groups and concepts such as subsidiarity, freedom of association and pluralism. More generally, she is interested in issues of constitutional theory (questions of amendability, constituent power, constitutional architecture), legal theory, legal history and comparative law.
She won the UCC Early Career Researcher of the Year award in 2017, the President's Award for Excellence in Teaching in 2019 and the President's award for Enhancing the Student Experience in 2020.
She is Co-Director of the Irish Legal Information Initiative (www.irlii.org).
Maria's research has focussed on subsidiarity (as a concept, in its interaction with sovereignty and liberalism, in its application within the European Union and the Council of Europe, in the context of fundamental rights adjudication, and so on), as well as pluralism and freedom of association. She is generally interested in issues of constitutional theory (questions of amendability, constituent power, constitutional architecture), legal theory, legal history and comparative law.
(2020) 'Recognising Freedom of Thought in Irish Constitutional Law'
Maria Cahill (2020) 'Recognising Freedom of Thought in Irish Constitutional Law'. European Journal of Comparative Law and Governance, [Details]
(2019) 'Judicial Constraint can also Undermine Constitutional Principles'
Maria Cahill & Sean O Conaill (2019) 'Judicial Constraint can also Undermine Constitutional Principles'. University of Queensland Law Journal, [Details]
(2017) 'Theorising Subsidiarity: Towards an Ontology-Sensitive Approach'
Maria Cahill (2017) 'Theorising Subsidiarity: Towards an Ontology-Sensitive Approach'. Icon-International Journal Of Constitutional Law, 15 (1):201-224 [Details]
(2017) 'Theorizing Subsidiarity: A Rejoinder to Gareth Davies'
Maria Cahill (2017) 'Theorizing Subsidiarity: A Rejoinder to Gareth Davies'. Icon-International Journal Of Constitutional Law, 15 (1):231-234 [Details]
(2016) 'Sovereignty, Liberalism and the Intelligibility of Attraction to Subsidiarity'
Maria Cahill (2016) 'Sovereignty, Liberalism and the Intelligibility of Attraction to Subsidiarity'. American Journal of Jurisprudence, 61 (1):109-132 [Details]
(2016) 'Ever Closer Remoteness Among the Peoples of Europe? Limits on the Power of Amendment and National Constituent Power'
Maria Cahill (2016) 'Ever Closer Remoteness Among the Peoples of Europe? Limits on the Power of Amendment and National Constituent Power'. Cambridge Law Journal, 75 (2):245-270 [Details]
(2014) '"Crotty after Pringle: The Revival of the Doctrine of Implied Amendment"'
Maria Cahill (2014) '"Crotty after Pringle: The Revival of the Doctrine of Implied Amendment"'. Irish Journal of European Law, 17 (1):1-25 [Details]
(2011) 'Constitutional Exclusion Clauses, Article 29.4.6 and the Constitutional Reception of European Law'
Cahill, Maria (2011) 'Constitutional Exclusion Clauses, Article 29.4.6 and the Constitutional Reception of European Law'. Dublin University Law Journal, 34 :74-100 [Details]
(2011) 'McD v. L and the Incorporation of the European Convention on Human Rights'
Cahill, Maria (2011) 'McD v. L and the Incorporation of the European Convention on Human Rights'. The Irish Jurist, XLVI :221-229 [Details]
(2008) 'Ireland's Constitutional Amendability and Europe's Constitutional Ambition: the Lisbon Referendum in Context'
Cahill, Maria (2008) 'Ireland's Constitutional Amendability and Europe's Constitutional Ambition: the Lisbon Referendum in Context'. German Law Journal, 9 (10):1191-1218 [Details]
(2006) 'The Constitutional Success of Ratification Failure'
Cahill, Maria (2006) 'The Constitutional Success of Ratification Failure'. German Law Journal, 7 (11):947-966 [Details]
(2021) 'Subsidiarity and the City'
Maria Cahill (2021) 'Subsidiarity and the City' In: Erika Arban (eds). Cities in Federal Constitutional Theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press. [Details]
(2020) 'The Reign of Popular Sovereignty in Ireland: an antidote to populism?'
Maria Cahill (2020) 'The Reign of Popular Sovereignty in Ireland: an antidote to populism?' In: Maria Cahill, Colm O Cinneide, Sean O Conaill, Conor O'Mahony (eds). Sovereignty, Populism and Constitutional Policits: Irish and Comparative Perspectives on Constitutional Change. London: Routledge. [Details]
(2020) 'Ambivalent Self-Determination: Freedom from and Deference to Foreign Laws'
Maria Cahill (2020) 'Ambivalent Self-Determination: Freedom from and Deference to Foreign Laws' In: Oxford Handbook of Irish Politics. Oxford: Oxford University Press. [Details]
(2019) 'Why Sovereignty is part of the Problem'
Maria Cahill (2019) 'Why Sovereignty is part of the Problem' In: Sovranita, democrazia e liberta. Italy: Aracne editrice. [Details]
(2018) 'The Rule of Law or the Rule of Rights? Five ECHR Misconceptions that the Courts convincingly refute'
Maria Cahill (2018) 'The Rule of Law or the Rule of Rights? Five ECHR Misconceptions that the Courts convincingly refute' In: Judicial Power in Ireland. Dublin: Institute of Public Administration. [Details]
(2018) 'Subverting sovereignty's voluntarism: pluralism and subsidiarity in cahoots'
Cahill, Maria (2018) 'Subverting sovereignty's voluntarism: pluralism and subsidiarity in cahoots' In: Research Handbook on Legal Pluralism and EU Law. Cheltenham, United Kingdom: Edward Elgar Publishing. [DOI] [Full Text] [Details]
(2019) 'Subsidiarity'
Maria Cahill (2019) 'Subsidiarity' In: Gerry Bradley & Christian Brugger (eds). Catholic Social Teaching: a volume of scholarly essays. University of Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [Details]
(2014) '"Making and Amending Constitutions: Some Reflections"'
Maria Cahill (2014) '"Making and Amending Constitutions: Some Reflections"' In: Fatih Oztürk, Murat Yanik & Hüseyin Özcan (eds). A Road Map of a New Constitution for Turkey: Essays in Comparative Constitutional Law. Durham, North Carolina: Carolina Academic Press. [Details]
(2014) 'Ireland, Europe, and the Partial Eclipse of Constitutional Authority'
Maria Cahill (2014) 'Ireland, Europe, and the Partial Eclipse of Constitutional Authority' In: 75 Years of the Irish Constitution: An Irish-Italian Dialogue. Dublin: Clarus Press. [Details]
(2012) 'Judicial Conceptions of Sovereignty'
Maria Cahill (2012) 'Judicial Conceptions of Sovereignty' In: The Constitution of Ireland: Perspectives and Prospects. Dublin: Bloomsbury. [Details]
(2012) 'Anayasalarin Yapimi ve Değiştirilmesi: Bazi Yansimalar (Making and Amending Constitutions: Some Reflections)'
Maria Cahill (2012) 'Anayasalarin Yapimi ve Değiştirilmesi: Bazi Yansimalar (Making and Amending Constitutions: Some Reflections)' In: Yeni Anayasa Için Yol Haritasi (A Route Map of a New Constitution for Turkey). Istanbul: Adalet ve Hukuk Denegi. [Details]
Cahill, Maria (2011) 'Ireland's Constitutional Amendability and Europe's Constitutional Ambition: The Lisbon Referendum in Context' In: Comparative Law as Transnational Law: A Decade of the German Law Journal. London: Oxford University Press. [Details]
(2012) 'European Integration and European Constitutionalism: Consonances and Dissonances'
Maria Cahill (2012) 'European Integration and European Constitutionalism: Consonances and Dissonances' In: Integration through Law' Revisited: The Making of the European Polity. London: Ashgate. [Details]
(2011) 'A Critical Assessment of Irish Scholarship on the Constitutional Reception of European Law'
Maria Cahill (2011) 'A Critical Assessment of Irish Scholarship on the Constitutional Reception of European Law' In: Thirty Years of the Irish Legal Scholarship. Dublin: Roundhall Press. [Details]
(2020) Sovereignty, Populism and Constitutional Politics: Irish and Comparative Perspectives on Constitutional Change
Colm O Cinneide, Sean O Conaill, Conor O'Mahony (Ed.). (2020) Sovereignty, Populism and Constitutional Politics: Irish and Comparative Perspectives on Constitutional Change London: Routledge. [Details]
(2019) The Rise and Fall of the European Constitution
Nicholas Barber, Maria Cahill & Richard Ekins (Ed.). (2019) The Rise and Fall of the European Constitution Oxford: Hart Publishing. [Details]
(2020) Is there a right to freedom of thought in Irish law?.
Maria Cahill (2020) Is there a right to freedom of thought in Irish law?. Blog [Details]
(2020) Lockdown v. Liberty: do we still believe in freedom?.
Maria Cahill (2020) Lockdown v. Liberty: do we still believe in freedom?. Blog [Details]
(2019) The Danger of Frequent Constitutional Amendment.
Maria Cahill (2019) The Danger of Frequent Constitutional Amendment. Blog [Details]
(2013) Collateral Damage of Seanad Abolition.
Maria Cahill (2013) Collateral Damage of Seanad Abolition. Blog [Details]
(1919) Why the 1919 Declaration of Independence matters.
Maria Cahill (1919) Why the 1919 Declaration of Independence matters. Blog [Details]
2020 President's Award for Enhancing the Student Experience University College Cork
2019 President's Award for Excellence in Teaching University College Cork
2017 Early Career Researcher of the Year University College Cork
University Association for Contemporary European Studies Member /
Irish Jurisprudence Society Member /
Irish Association of Law Teachers Council Member /
Irish Society for Comparative Law Member /
Society of Legal Scholars Member /
Irish Legal History Society Member /
ConsitutionProject.ie Founding Member /
(2016) Trust and the Common Good Conference, St. John's College, Oxford,
Maria Cahill (2016) Centripetal and Centrifugal Trends in Constitutional Design. [Invited Lectures (Conference)], Trust and the Common Good Conference, St. John's College, Oxford, University of Oxford , 10-JUN-16 - 10-JUN-16. [Details]
(2014) "The National Interest in European Union Law and Governmence",
Cahill, Maria (2014) "The National Interest as the Voice of the People: a comparison of the legal recognition of national constituent power in Ireland and France". [Peer Reviewed Abstract], "The National Interest in European Union Law and Governmence", Hungarian Academy of Science, Centre for Social Sciences, Budapest , 03-JUL-14 - 04-JUL-14. [Details]
(2014) UACES Annual Conference,
Cahill, Maria (2014) "Sovereignty and the Impact of Voluntarism". [Peer Reviewed Abstract], UACES Annual Conference, University College Cork, Cork , 31-AUG-14 - 02-SEP-14. [Details]
(2016) The Social Ontology of Law, Politics and Human Rights Workshop, St. Cross College, Oxford,
Maria Cahill (2016) The Untapped Potential of Subsidairity in Fundamental Rights Adjudication. [Invited Lectures (Conference)], The Social Ontology of Law, Politics and Human Rights Workshop, St. Cross College, Oxford, St. Cross College, University of Oxford , 20-MAY-16 - 20-MAY-16. [Details]
(2016) Invited Lecture, Brasenose College, University of Oxford,
Maria Cahill (2016) Subsidiarity in the Defence of Social Freedom. [Invited Lectures (Workshops)], Invited Lecture, Brasenose College, University of Oxford, University of Oxford , 18-MAY-16. [Details]
(2016) The Principle of Subsidiarity: What Next? Swedish Network for European Legal Studies Workshop,
Maria Cahill (2016) Theorizing Subsidiarity: Beyond a Test of Efficiency. [Invited Lectures (Conference)], The Principle of Subsidiarity: What Next? Swedish Network for European Legal Studies Workshop, Uppsala University, Sweden , 07-APR-16 - 07-APR-16. [Details]
(2015) The Public/Private Divide UK-IVR Annual Conference,
Maria Cahill (2015) Subsidiarity's Perspective on the Public-Private Divide. [Oral Presentation], The Public/Private Divide UK-IVR Annual Conference, Queen's University, Belfast , 23-OCT-15 - 24-OCT-15. [Details]
(2015) Bratislava Legal Forum,
Maria Cahill (2015) Involving National Courts in the Justiciability of Subsidiarity. [Oral Presentation], Bratislava Legal Forum, Bratislava , 09-OCT-15 - 10-OCT-15. [Details]
(2014) UACES Annual Conference, University College Cork,
Maria Cahill (2014) Sovereignty and the Impact of Voluntarism. [Oral Presentation], UACES Annual Conference, University College Cork, University College Cork , 31-AUG-14 - 02-SEP-14. [Details]
(2014) The National Interest as the Voice of the People: a comparison of the legal recognition of national constituent power in Ireland and France,
Maria Cahill (2014) The National Interest in European Union Law and Governance Conference at the Hungarian Academy of Science, Centre for Social Sciences. [Invited Lectures (Conference)], The National Interest as the Voice of the People: a comparison of the legal recognition of national constituent power in Ireland and France, Budapest , 03-JUL-14 - 04-JUL-14. [Details]
(2014) "Rethinking the Boundaries of Public Law and Public Space",
Cahill, Maria (2014) "Sovereignty and Late Sovereignty: Consonances and Dissonances". [Peer Reviewed Abstract], "Rethinking the Boundaries of Public Law and Public Space", Florence, Italy , 26-JUN-14 - 28-JUN-14. [Details]
(2014) IASJF Academic Symposium on "Family and Religion: Juridical Dimensions",
Cahill, Maria (2014) "The Penal Laws and their Focus on the Family: being Catholic in Ireland in the 17th and 18th centuries". [Peer Reviewed Abstract], IASJF Academic Symposium on "Family and Religion: Juridical Dimensions", A Coruna Law School, Spain , 09-JUN-14 - 10-JUN-14. [Details]
(2013) IASJF Academic Symposium on "The Jurisprudence of Family Relations: Privacy, Autonomy, and Whether States Should Regulate Family Relations",
Cahill, Maria (2013) The Impact of Anti-Subsidiarity Trends on Regulation of the Family. [Invited Lectures (Conference)], IASJF Academic Symposium on "The Jurisprudence of Family Relations: Privacy, Autonomy, and Whether States Should Regulate Family Relations", Cardozo Law School, Yeshiva University, New York , 10-JUN-13 - 11-JUN-13. [Details]
(2013) 16th Annual Irish European Law Forum – Changing Sovereignty in Europe,
Cahill, Maria (2013) The Rootlessness of Modern Sovereignty. [Invited Lectures (Conference)], 16th Annual Irish European Law Forum – Changing Sovereignty in Europe, University College Dublin , 06-DEC-13 - 06-DEC-13. [Details]
(2012) Legal Scholarship and Judicial Reasoning: A Mutual Interaction,
Cahill, Maria (2012) Encouraging Students to Critically Evaluate Judicial Reasoning: UCC's Advanced Legal Reasoning Module. [Peer Reviewed Abstract], Legal Scholarship and Judicial Reasoning: A Mutual Interaction, Dublin , 16-NOV-12 - 18-NOV-12. [Details]
(2012) Legal Theory and Argumentation Conference,
Cahill, Maria (2012) The Good of Sovereignty and the Sovereignty of Good. [Invited Lectures (Conference)], Legal Theory and Argumentation Conference, Lake Bled, Slovenia , 09-NOV-12 - 10-NOV-12. [Details]
(2012) Beyond Montesquieu: Re-thinking the architecture of contemporary governance,
Cahill, Maria (2012) Beyond Montesquieu: the Pouvoir Constituant of the Nation State in the Light of European Integration. [Invited Lectures (Conference)], Beyond Montesquieu: Re-thinking the architecture of contemporary governance, Dublin , 29-MAR-12 - 30-MAR-12. [Details]
(2011) Annual Conference of the Irish Association of Law Teachers,
Cahill, Maria (2011) The Legal Bindingness of the Irish 'Guarantees'. [Peer Reviewed Abstract], Annual Conference of the Irish Association of Law Teachers, Athlone , 18-NOV-11 - 20-NOV-11. [Details]
(2011) 3rd Annual Conference of Irish Society of Comparative Law,
Cahill, Maria (2011) Comparing and contrasting the Irish 'guarantees' and the German Lisbon Decision. [Peer Reviewed Abstract], 3rd Annual Conference of Irish Society of Comparative Law, Dublin , 29-APR-11 - 30-APR-11. [Details]
(2010) UACES Conference,
Cahill, Maria (2010) Approaching European Law from inside the National Legal Order: Pedagogical Reflections. [Peer Reviewed Abstract], UACES Conference, Bruges, Belgium , 06-SEP-10 - 09-SEP-10. [Details]
(2010) 'Does Ireland Need Constitutional Reform?',
Cahill, Maria (2010) Re-Placing the Constitution in the Context of Reform. [Invited Lectures (Conference)], 'Does Ireland Need Constitutional Reform?', Dublin , 21-MAY-10 - 21-MAY-10. [Details]
(2010) Conference on Politics of EU Law,
Cahill, Maria (2010) The Scope of the Mandate for the Entry of EU Law into Ireland. [Invited Lectures (Conference)], Conference on Politics of EU Law, Trinity College, Dublin , 11-MAR-10 - 12-MAR-10. [Details]
(2010) 2nd Annual Irish Society of Comparative Law Conference,
Cahill, Maria (2010) Article 29.4.6 in Comparative Perspective. [Peer Reviewed Abstract], 2nd Annual Irish Society of Comparative Law Conference, Queen's University Belfast , 05-MAR-10 - 07-MAR-10. [Details]
(2008) After Lisbon: The Future of Ireland and the EU,
Cahill, Maria; (2008) More than a Political Crisis: The Constitutional Implications of the Lisbon Rejection. [Oral Presentation], After Lisbon: The Future of Ireland and the EU, Dublin, Ireland , 23-OCT-08 - 23-OCT-08. [Details]
(2008) IJS 'Symposium on Constitutionalism and Legal Theory',
Cahill, Maria; (2008) The Connection between Freedom and Constitutionalism. [Oral Presentation], IJS 'Symposium on Constitutionalism and Legal Theory', Galway, Ireland , 25-OCT-08 - 25-OCT-08. [Details]
(2008) Constitutionalism and Legal Theory,
Cahill, Maria; (2008) Co-organiser. [Conference Organising Committee Member], Constitutionalism and Legal Theory, Galway, Ireland , 25-OCT-08 - 25-OCT-08. [Details]
(2007) XXIII World Congress of Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy,
Cahill, Maria; (2007) Distilling the Constitutional Essence: What Europe can learn from American Constitutionalism. [Oral Presentation], XXIII World Congress of Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy, Cracow, Poland , 01-AUG-07 - 06-AUG-07. [Details]
(2007) Foundations of European Law,
Cahill, Maria; (2007) The Foundations of the European Constitution. [Oral Presentation], Foundations of European Law, Helsinki, Finland , 24-SEP-07 - 27-SEP-07. [Details]
(2007) The Case against Pluralism,
Cahill, Maria; (2007) The Case against Pluralism. [Oral Presentation], The Case against Pluralism, Florence, Italy , 01-MAR-07 - 01-MAR-07. [Details]
(2005) Law's European Empire: Artificial Integrity,
Cahill, Maria; (2005) Law's European Empire: Artificial Integrity. [Oral Presentation], Law's European Empire: Artificial Integrity, Florence, Italy , 01-NOV-05 - 01-NOV-05. [Details]
(2005) On Sovereignty,
Cahill, Maria; (2005) Conflicting Constitutional Authorities in Europe: Almost Sovereign Claims. [Oral Presentation], On Sovereignty, Florence, Italy , 09-JUN-05 - 10-JUN-05. [Details]
(2004) Constitution-Making or Disagreeing to Agree,
Cahill, Maria; (2004) Constitution-Making or Disagreeing to Agree. [Oral Presentation], Constitution-Making or Disagreeing to Agree, Florence, Italy , 01-OCT-04 - 01-OCT-04. [Details]
University College Cork College Lecturer in Faculty of Law 01-AUG-08 /
National University of Ireland, Galway Lecturer in Law 01-DEC-07 / 01-AUG-08
2003 Trinity College, Dublin LLB LLB
2009 European University Institute, Florence PhD European Constitutionalism
2004 European University Institute, Florence LLM European, International and Comparative Law
Oireachtas Sub-Committee on Ireland's Future in the European Union
Report and Presentation on Ireland's Future in the European Union
Oireachtas Committee on Health and Children
Report and Presentation on the Protection of Life during Pregnancy Bill
"25 Years after Crotty v An Taoiseach: Are Referendums Really Necessary for EU Treaties?", The People's Constitution: A Reflection on the Referendum Process. Launch event of constitutionproject.ie, University College Cork, 27th September, 2012
"The Constitutional Implications of Seanad Abolition", Referendum on the Abolition of the Seanad: Public Debate and Information Event hosted by constitutionproject.ie, University College Cork, 19th September 2013
Maria teaches Constitutional Law, Constitutional Theory and Advanced Legal Reasoning, and has a particular interest in inverted learning approaches within the scholarship of teaching and learning.
2020 Advanced Legal Reasoning LW3366 Advanced Legal Reasoning
2021 Constitutional Law: Institutions of Government LW1162 Constitutional Law: Institutions of Government
2021 Advanced Constitutional Law LW3310 Advanced Constitutional Law


Sarah Richards is an established South African artist living in a country town called Nottingham Road, KwaZulu/Natal. She is known for her experimentation with a diversity of visual mediums. Her specialization in bronze sculpture explores her love of nature, form and movement, combining detail with gestural marks.
Imagine your feelings, passion, delight or any special relationship you have with a wild/domestic animal captured forever in bronze. Working in close relationship with the client Sarah Richards creatively expresses the unique character traits of the bird/animal she sculpts. She will also do human form commissions and portrait busts.
- Artseen The Grillroom Café, Innes Rd, Durban, August 2002.


RC Helicopters is a fascinating toy that gains fast popularity among children and adults. The new generation of RC Helicopters is extremely easy to maneuver and can be used in races, fights and competitions. With little bit of training and some useful tips on flying RC Helicopters you can enjoy your RC Helicopter at fullest.
When you buying your RC Helicopter from responsible seller you are assured that your helicopter has gone through intensive testing for durability, stability, and battery life. You should not settle for anything less but high quality RC toy.
Some RC Helicopters are more popular then the others and it's not without a reason. Check each category to see which RC helicopter suites you the best. For example this Mini Intelli Heli RC Helicopter has dual fan-style blades for precision flight and that where you can show off as an expert on flying your RC Helicopter. It comes in three different colors and frequencies so you can collect and fly three of them at the same time to have an ultimate fun with your friends.
Welcome to the future of miniature RC helicopter flight. We would proudly like to present to you for the first time ever, the new Intelli Heli 3CH Mini RC Helicopter! This state-of-the-art mini RC helicopter has counter-rotating blades which provide you extra stability and lift. It also comes with dual fan-style blades which allow for forward and backward movement, and they make turning left and right easier and more controllable than ever before. With three different colors and frequencies, you can collect all three of them and fly them with your friends! The Intelli Heli also comes with an integrated high-capacity Li-Poly battery which allows for flight times of 10-15 minutes on just a 20 minute charge. For a fun and unique flying experience, the Intelli Heli flies in at number one of all time!
Take a look at this one special RC Helicopter that combines the latest technology with top of the line components. When you want exceptional performance and quality for your money ESKY Belt CP 3D 6CH RTF Electric RC Helicopter would definitely be your choice.
This is the new ESKY Belt CP 3D 6CH RTF Electric RC Helicopter. Step up to a larger collective pitch heli than the Honey Bee CP2 or King II with the Belt CP. The Belt CP has a belt-driven tail rotor for smooth, vibration free tail control. The Belt CP is the new range developed by Esky. This is an RC helicopter with a small budget and a massive bite. It has been developed to rival the TRex in terms of capabilites and the Falcon 3D in price.
Check out the whole stock of RC Helicopters by clicking on any helicopter below and see it in action on Youtube videos where available.


We follow a clear purpose. Chandra caters to your heightened sense of style, demand for comfort, and concept of value.
By combining unmatched resources and a passion for the modern lifestyle, we selectively choose rugs to form the dynamic brand known as Chandra.


One of the main frustrations that beginners to the beautiful game of golf experience are maintaining a consistent round and knowing the distance to the green is one of the main ways of saving shots. Using a golf GPS watch or rangefinder will enhance a round and help to reduce a handicap.
Well, as with most things nowadays, technology is playing a part and there are now an array of devices available to help with the main choice being between a handheld rangefinder or a GPS device to establish distance. More information on the Garmin X40 here.
1.2 A Golf GPS Watch or Rangefinder??
A standard set of golf clubs are made up of the driver, 3 wood, 5 wood, Putter and irons including sand wedge, pitching wedge, and irons numbered 9 down to 2. The rules state that a maximum 14 clubs should be carried which leads to a myriad of options depending on your playing ability.
Each golf club manufacturer is fighting for market share and every year there is something new, ranging from rescue woods to open-faced lofted wedges. But at the end of the day, a player needs to know how far he or she can hit with each club and this is where a distancing device can come in to help build confidence.
A good starting point is to practice with each club at the driving range where you will find distance markers to give you an indication on how far you hit a particular club. There is a lot of information available stating that a 6 iron to 150 yards or a 4 iron to 185 yards but this should be ignored as each golfer is an individual.
A beginner might be put off the game trying to live up to these standards, remember the phrase ' It's not how! It's how many', meaning 'play within yourself', the distance will come as you get more confident with your game.
As you practice you will become more familiar with the distances for each club and this is when you need to consider a rangefinder device which will really help to reduce your handicap and build your confidence. Knowing you are 120 yards away from the pin rather than guessing gives the confidence needed to follow through and complete the shot.
A Golf GPS Watch or Rangefinder??
The two main types available of yardage finders are a GPS system that can be combined as a watch to wear on the wrist or a handheld rangefinder that is controlled by laser. Each has pro's and con's in far as performance, ease of use, and cost. For more information on the benefits.
The GPS watch will provide you with a choice of course and you can download the particular one that you are playing. Each hole appears on the watch face as you approach it, and will hi-light any upcoming hazards as well as giving you the remaining distance to the green or to the target area you are playing to.
The golf rangefinder is a handheld device which you look through as you would a telescope picking up the top of the flagpole. This device is much more accurate giving readings to within a yard. Some of the later models also have incorporated 'slope indicators' which will give you distances allowing for the declines or inclines in front of the target.
Once you are familiar with the distances you hit your favorite clubs you may well find a yardage finder, whether it be GPS or rangefinder will become a must-have accessory to every visit to the golf course.