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HISTORICAL ARCHIVE • CATALOGUE RAISONNÉ • EDUCATIONAL RESOURCE
An online project under the direction of the CAPE ANN MUSEUM
the project & artist
Fitz Henry Lane biography
Fitz Henry Lane chronology
Fitz Henry Lane & Mary Blood Mellen
guide to the catalog
Cape Ann Collection
on view at the Cape Ann Museum
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Catalog entry
inv. 184
Southwest Harbor, Mount Desert
Graphite on paper (2 sheets)
Inscribed across bottom (in pencil): Southwest Harbor, Mt. Desert. Aug. 1852 / Taken from Sloop Superior at anch[or ...] / by F.H. Lane; Inscribed lower center (in pencil): Lane / Witherle / Tilden / Stevens / Adams
Cape Ann Museum, Gloucester, Mass. Gift of Samuel H. Mansfield, 1927 (485.29)
Commentary • Related Work • Historical Materials
On Friday, August 20, 1852, as part of multi-day excursion in Maine by Lane and his friend Joseph Stevens, Jr., sloop "Superior" and crew left Bar Island and sailed south to explore islands and harbors surrounding the entrance to Somes Sound. The whole day was spent in this activity, but no Lane drawings of the places visited have come to light – except two views of Southwest Harbor which were made the following morning, Saturday, August 21. They are presumably this drawing, made on board the "Superior", and West Harbor and Entrance to Somes Sound, 1852 (inv. 179), made from the shore at the southern entrance to Southwest Harbor. Which was made first was not recorded.
Both drawings have similar angles of view, but this drawing's viewing point is closer to, and more focused on, the harbor's north shore, while excluding Greening's Island to the east. Beyond, on the sound's western side are Flying, Dog, and Robinson's Islands with Carter's Nubble at far left; on the eastern side is Brown's Mountain.
An oil painting Off Mount Desert Island, Maine, 1850–60 (inv. 263) based on this drawing follows closely the angle of view and details of the topography, buildings, and vegetation. Unlike his urban harbor views, Lane limited the sizes and numbers of vessels in this scene, giving the composition over to earth, sea, and sky, with a lone half-brig adding a accent mark to nature's harmony.
—Erik Ronnberg.
Related Work in the Catalog
Supplementary Images
Viewpoint chart
Photo: © Erik Ronnberg/U.S. Coast Survey
Viewpoint chart (detail)
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Explore catalog entries by keywords view all keywords »
Subject Types: Harbor Scene »
Vessel Types: Schooner »
Maine Buildings & Locales: Mount Desert & Mt. Desert Rock Light » // Southwest Harbor »
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Below is historical information related to the Lane work above. To see complete information on a subject on the Historical Materials page, click on the subject name (in bold and underlined).
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Chart showing route of Lane's 1852 cruise from Castine to Bar Harbor
Erik Ronnberg/US Coast Survey chart
U.S. Coast Survey
Chart with key showing the route of an excursion on the sloop "Superior" out of Castine made by William H. Witherle, Lane, Stevens and friends during which Lane made several sketches of Mt. Desert scenery. The trip was chronicled by Witherle in his diary of 1852.
Image: Erik Ronnberg
View related Fitz Henry Lane catalog entries (6) »
Filed under: "Superior" (Sloop) » // Castine » // Mount Desert Island & Rock » // Penobscot Bay » // Southwest Harbor » // Witherle, William Howe »
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William Witherle Diary August 16–21, 1852
William Witherle
Wilson Museum, Castine, Maine (A00060-1a-1h)
Description of an excursion taken by Joseph Stevens, Jr., Lane, Witherle, Samuel Adams, Jr., and George Tilden around the islands of Maine near Mt. Desert. The group hired the Sloop "Superior" which was owned by Pilot Getchell. In his diary, Witherle mentions multiple times that "Lane took a sketch" especially when the water was calm. Lane often stayed on board the boat, while the others went ashore.
Excerpts of the diary include:
August 16: "Lane has a knack for frying fish."
August 17: "leaving Lane to take a sketch, we took a climb."
August 19: "went to ascend one of the highest mountains. 3/4 the way up we had to wait – once in a while for Lane who with his crutches could not keep up with us – but got along faster than we thought possible . . .Lane got up about an hour after the rest of us."
The entire text is transcribed in an account published by the Wilson Museum.
Filed under: "Superior" (Sloop) » // Adams, Samuel, Jr. » // Biographical information » // Blue Hill » // Castine » // Chronology » // Diaries / Ledgers / Etc. » // Mount Desert Island & Rock » // Somes Sound » // Stevens, Joseph, Jr. » // Tilden, George » // Witherle, William Howe »
Maine Locales & Buildings: Mount Desert Island & Rock
View related Fitz Henry Lane catalog entries (20) »
Mount Desert was in the Frenchman's Bay Customs District, and in 1850 the district ranked 4th, at 11.2%, among Maine's 13 customs districts, for its investment in the cod fisheries. The thick, old-growth forest provided ample opportunity for sawmills and the export of pine lumber and timber, as well as shipbuilding, which went hand-in-hand with fishing vessels for the cod fisheries.The coasters of the island found ample freight in the shipment of lumber from the sawmills of the Union River at Ellsworth. The rugged interior of the island limited settlements to the coastal fringe, creating a number of independent, isolated communities. Mount Desert's small fishing and farming communities, in the early 1850s, were set like small diamonds in an incredible crown of natural beauty. These small, isolated villages, clinging to a jagged coastline which stood resolute against the breaking sea, would have reminded artists like Lane of an America untouched by the progress of time. This was New England as it had once been, and there were few places in coastal New England where this claim could still be made.
Mount Desert, as it is colloquially known, has been known by many names throughout its history. The Etchemin called it Pem-etn-ic, "a range of mountains," as seen from the sea, "where the hills rise in a long saw-toothed range," Champlain called the island, notable for its granite mountains, of which one rises 1530 feet , "Isle des Monts Deserts," "barren mountains Island," and Sieur de la Mothe de Cadillac, who was granted a large tract at the head of Frenchman Bay in 1687, called Douaquet. Cadillac is one of a number of Frenchman whose presence in history is denoted by Frenchman's Bay.
At the beginning of recorded history Asticou was an Etchemin Sakom who lived seasonally on Mount Desert with his band. His larger homeland, Ketakamigwa, "the big land on the seacoast," was "an ecologically diverse coastal woodland environment, combining a saltwater archipelago with a 1000 mi.² freshwater hinterland broken by hills, swamps, lakes and ponds, and drained by a few major rivers in numerous smaller streams." The highly mobile Wabenaki families, ethnically identified as Etchemins, inhabited Penobscot Bay, making full use of the abundance of natural resources, including the building of a fish weir, K'chi-siti-mokan'gan, "The Great Fish Weir," between Little and Big Deer Isle, from which Eggemoggin Reach is derived), and shaping the natural environment to suit their needs.
Asticou, or members of his band, were on hand to greet Champlain in 1604, and he was at Manchester Point in 1613 when Father Baird and three Jesuit priests dropped anchor on their way to establish a Catholic mission on the Penobscot River. Asticou invited them to stay, the invitation was accepted, and the mission of St. Sauveur at Fernald Point began to be built. The work had barely begun when the mission was destroyed by Capt. Samuel Argall, an English privateer from Jamestown.
Champlain named Mount Desert but left its sentinel rock, 26 miles off shore, unidentified. The island was given the name of Mount Desert Dry Rock in the 18th century, and shortened somewhat after this. The island served as a navigational aid, not a hazard, for coastal seamen. The US government purchased this pile of rocks from the State of Maine in 1829, there surely must have been a few laughs over this transaction, and the government authorized $5000 to build a light station, which began operation in 1830.
– Mark Honey
Conkling, Philip W, "Islands in Time," A Natural and Cultural History of the Islands of the Gulf of Maine, Island Institute, Rockland, and Downeast Books, Camden.
Eckstorm, Fannie Hardy, "Indian Place-Names of the Penobscot Valley and the Maine Coast," University of Maine Studies, 2nd Series, #55, November 1941, reprinted 1960 by the University of Maine Press. Frank G Speck's "Penobscot Man," University of Pennsylvania Press, 1940.
Duncan, Roger F, "Coastal Maine, A Maritime History," WW Norton & Company, New York, 1992.
Prins, Harald E L, and McBride, Bunny, "Asticou's Island Domain: Wabenaki Peoples at Mount Desert Island," 1500-2000, Acadia National Park, Ethnographic Overview and Assessment, Volume 1, repaired under cooperative agreement with The Abbe Museum, Bar Harbor, Maine, Northeast Regional Ethnography Program, National Park Service, Boston, Massachusetts, September, 2007.
Rowe, William Hutchinson, "The Maritime History of Maine," Harpswell Press, 1996.
Related tables: Mount Desert, Maine – Mount Desert Rock Light » // Northeast Harbor » // Somes Sound » // Southwest Harbor »
1850 Gloucester Daily Telegraph 9.11.1850
Stevens, Joseph Jr.
Gloucester Daily Telegraph
Article by Joseph L. Stevens
"The beauties of this place [Maine] are well known and appreciated among artists. We heard of Bonfield and Williams who had reluctantly left but a short time before. Fishe had spent several weeks there. Champney and Kensett were then in another part of the island, and we have reason to believe that Church and some others were in the immediate vicinity–Lane who was with us, made good additions to his portfolio."
Also filed under: Chronology » // Newspaper / Journal Articles » // Stevens, Joseph, Jr. »
1859 Gloucester Telegraph 2.9.1859
Gloucester Telegraph p. 2, col. 3
Accession # G587
"PICTURES. – Two of Lane's finest paintings are on exhibition at the Marine Insurance Reading Room. One is a most spirited representation of a gale on the sea coast. Huge rollers come rumbling towards the rocky foreground where the spray dashes high and the receding wave is thrown up sharp and wedgelike by the great crested breaker under which it is speedily overwhelmed. In the middle distance a bald headland receives the sun's rays which slant through the mist from an opening in the heavy clouds. A close reefed ship leaps proudly over the waves and safely weathers the dangerous point beyond.
The companion-piece is a bay scene in which the setting sun throws a flood of golden light over the placid water. Vessels of different kinds, with sails in light and shadow, enliven the picture. A homely old sloop getting underweigh well sets off the most prominent object - a handsome ship under full canvass, slowly gliding over the ground-swell with a light breeze afloat, while there is hardly enough below to make a cat's paw.
These pictures were painted for the spring exhibition of the National Academy at New York, whither they will go unless stopped by some appreciative purchaser.
In Lane's studio are several gems of art. - Wind against Tide on Georges, a stirring pure marine, and Recollections of Mount Desert, an exquisite bit of landscape, evince a versatility of pencil which he is not generally known to possess.
The demand for a View of Gloucester worth having (as that poor caricature of Tidd's is not) has induced Lane to supply another, which is the third and largest of his series. It is taken from Rocky Neck, like its predecessor. Of course all the modern improvements visible from that point of view are represented with the artist's usual accuracy of drawing. To the first 300 subscribers the print will be offered at the low price of $2.25 per copy. The original painting from which it is lithographed, and several other of his pictures, will be distributed by lot among those who choose to take their copies at $2.75 – a price which the print alone will command before the entire edition is exhausted."
Image: Boston Public Library
Also filed under: Georges Bank, Mass. » // Lithography (Sales & Exhibitions) » // M. M. Tidd, Lith. – Boston » // Marine Insurance Company » // New York – National Academy of Design » // Newspaper / Journal Articles » // Studio Descriptions »
CHART G, Penobscot Bay to Machias (detail of Southwest Harbor)
George W. Eldridge
Chart G
Charles G. Hutchinson, Publisher
George W. Eldridge was a Boston-based publisher of charts, pilot books, and tide tables for yachtsmen cruising in the New York–New England region. Detail of the Mount Desert portion of a much larger chart.
Also filed under: Maps » // Northeast Harbor » // Somes Sound »
Also filed under: "Superior" (Sloop) » // Castine » // Penobscot Bay » // Southwest Harbor » // Witherle, William Howe »
Entrance to Southwest Harbor
"U.S. Coast Pilot, Atlantic Coast, Parts I–II." First edition. Published by Washington GPO, 1891
Folded plate between pp. 62 and 63
Also filed under: Bear Island » // Maps » // Northeast Harbor, Maine – Bear Island Lighthouse » // Southwest Harbor »
photo (historical)
Mt. Desert Rock
N. L. Stebbins
From The Illustrated Coast Pilot with sailing directions. The Coast of New England from New York to Eastport, Maine including Bays and Harbors, published by N. L. Stebbins, Boston, Mass.
Also filed under: Mount Desert, Maine – Mount Desert Rock Light »
The Story of Mount Desert Island
Samuel Eliot Morison
Boston: Little Brown and Co.
Morison lists the original names of mountains and other features on Mount Desert and the corresponding new names designated as official when Acadia National Park was created.
Topographical Map of Hancock County Maine
H. F. Walling
Wilson Museum, Castine, Maine.
Library of Congress Catalog Number 2011588006
1860 map, including census of towns.
Image: Library of Congress
Also filed under: Castine » // Maps » // Penobscot Bay »
Topographical Map of Hancock County Maine under the direction of H.F. Walling 1860 (Mount Desert or Somesville Business Directory detail)
Wilson Museum, Castine, Maine
Also filed under: "Superior" (Sloop) » // Adams, Samuel, Jr. » // Biographical information » // Blue Hill » // Castine » // Chronology » // Diaries / Ledgers / Etc. » // Somes Sound » // Stevens, Joseph, Jr. » // Tilden, George » // Witherle, William Howe »
Maine Locales & Buildings: Southwest Harbor
Southwest Harbor and Northeast Harbor flank Somes Sound of Mount Desert. The harbor is shared by two small villages, Manset, to the south, and Southwest Harbor and Clark Point to the north.The community often sent fishing vessels to the Labrador fleet. The swelling tide of artists, sightseers, philosophers, and pilgrims in the 1830s, '40s, and '50s would inspire such entrepreneurs as Deacon Henry H. Clark of Southwest Harbor, a shipwright, to build hotels to accommodate the travelers. This was a growth industry would sustain the prosperity of the island communities and their small farms in the years after the Civil War.
Southwest Harbor, which included Tremont until 1848, sent six schooners averaging 58 tons with the Labrador fleet in 1839. The smallest of these vessels was the 35 ton "Four Sisters" which could not have exceeded 50 feet. The Labrador fishery was ideal for such a small craft, for it allowed vessels to anchor in safe harbors, unbending their sails, and setting their men adrift in small boats near the shore. This practice would continue into the 1860s. These small vessels were ideal for men with limited capital who could easily afford to build and maintain these small vessels. More often than not, the crew would consist of a father and his sons, or all of the able-bodied men living in a small island community.
The British raided what is now Southwest Harbor in 1775 and attacked the home of John Manchester. The British killed or stole the livestock, took all of the winter provisions, and returned to the westward on board the "Falmouth Packet," but not before they told Mrs. Manchester that she could starve for all they cared. John Bunker, Manchester's brother-in-law, paddled his canoe westward in pursuit of the marauding British. He found them on the Sheepscot River at Wiscasset, and the "Falmouth Packet" at anchor with her crew on shore. He cut the lines in the dark of night, let the schooner drift with the tide, and then made sail, heading back to Mount Desert. The supplies were badly needed, as Downeast Maine was caught in the grip of a British embargo and families were starving. The supplies would carry the settlers through the winter. The British would come calling again on August 8, 1814, aboard the sloop of war "Tenados," and lost seven soldiers in a skirmish off Clark's Point. Capt. Benjamin Spurling of Cranberry Isle, whose grandson would be awarded the Medal of Honor after the Civil War, was in the thick of fighting with a ragtag band of fishermen who could only loosely be called a militia. Capt. Spurling would command a privateer during the war.
Duncan, Roger F, "Coastal Maine, A Maritime History," WW Norton & Company, New York, 1992
O'Leary, Wayne M, "Maine Sea Fisheries," The Rise and Fall of a Native Industry, 1830-1890, Northeastern University Press, Boston, 1996.
Related tables: Mount Desert Island & Rock » // Northeast Harbor » // Somes Sound »
Also filed under: "Superior" (Sloop) » // Castine » // Mount Desert Island & Rock » // Penobscot Bay » // Witherle, William Howe »
Also filed under: Bear Island » // Maps » // Mount Desert Island & Rock » // Northeast Harbor, Maine – Bear Island Lighthouse »
Vessels (Specific / Named): "Superior" (Sloop)
"Superior" and its Pilot Getchell, were hired by Joseph Stevens, Jr., Lane, and three others (Adams, Witherle, and Tilden) to take them on a week-long excursion in August of 1852 in Penobscot Bay.
Related tables: Sloop »
Also filed under: Castine » // Mount Desert Island & Rock » // Penobscot Bay » // Southwest Harbor » // Witherle, William Howe »
Also filed under: Adams, Samuel, Jr. » // Biographical information » // Blue Hill » // Castine » // Chronology » // Diaries / Ledgers / Etc. » // Mount Desert Island & Rock » // Somes Sound » // Stevens, Joseph, Jr. » // Tilden, George » // Witherle, William Howe »
Vessel Types: Schooner (Fishing)
Schooners in Lane's time were, with few exceptions, two-masted vessels carrying a fore-and-aft rig having one or two jibs, a fore staysail, gaff-rigged fore- and main sails, and often fore- and main topsails. One variant was the topsail schooner, which set a square topsail on the fore topmast. The hulls of both types were basically similar, their rigs having been chosen for sailing close to the wind. This was an advantage in the coastal trade, where entering confined ports required sailing into the wind and frequent tacking. The square topsail proved useful on longer coastwise voyages, the topsail providing a steadier motion in offshore swells, reducing wear and tear on canvas from the slatting of the fore-and-aft sails. (1)
Schooners of the types portrayed by Lane varied in size from 70 to 100 feet on deck. Their weight was never determined, and the term "tonnage" was a figure derived from a formula which assigned an approximation of hull volume for purposes of imposing duties (port taxes) oncargoes and other official levies. (2)
Crews of smaller schooners numbered three or four men. Larger schooners might carry four to six if a lengthy voyage was planned. The relative simplicity of the rig made sail handling much easier than on a square-rigged vessel. Schooner captains often owned shares in their vessels, but most schooners were majority-owned by land-based firms or by individuals who had the time and business connections to manage the tasks of acquiring and distributing the goods to be carried. (3)
Many schooners were informally "classified" by the nature of their work or the cargoes they carried, the terminology coined by their owners, agents, and crews—even sometimes by casual bystanders. In Lane's lifetime, the following terms were commonly used for the schooner types he portrayed:
Fishing Schooners: While the port of Gloucester is synonymous with fishing and the schooner rig, Lane depicted only a few examples of fishing schooners in a Gloucester setting. Lane's early years coincided with the preeminence of Gloucester's foreign trade, which dominated the harbor while fishing was carried on from other Cape Ann communities under far less prosperous conditions than later. Only by the early 1850s was there a re-ascendency of the fishing industry in Gloucester Harbor, documented in a few of Lane's paintings and lithographs. Depictions of fishing schooners at sea and at work are likewise few. Only A Smart Blow, c.1856 (inv. 9), showing cod fishing on Georges Bank (4), and At the Fishing Grounds, 1851 (inv. 276), showing mackerel jigging on Georges Bank, are known examples. (5)
– Erik Ronnberg
1. Howard I. Chapelle, The History of American Sailing Ships (New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1935), 258. While three-masted schooners were in use in Lane's time, none have appeared in his surviving work; and Charles S. Morgan, "New England Coasting Schooners", The American Neptune 23, no. 1 (DATE): 5–9, from an article which deals mostly with later and larger schooner types.
2. John Lyman, "Register Tonnage and its Measurement", The American Neptune V, nos. 3–4 (DATE). American tonnage laws in force in Lane's lifetime are discussed in no. 3, pp. 226–27 and no. 4, p. 322.
3. Ship Registers of the District of Gloucester, Massachusetts, 1789–1875 (Salem, MA: The Essex Institute, 1944). Vessels whose shipping or fishing voyages included visits to foreign ports were required to register with the Federal Customs agent at their home port. While the vessel's trade or work was unrecorded, their owners and master were listed, in addition to registry dimensions and place where built. Records kept by the National Archives can be consulted for information on specific voyages and ports visited.
4. Howard I. Chapelle, The National Watercraft Collection (Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1960), 74–76.
5. Howard I. Chapelle, The American Fishing Schooners (New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1973), 58–75, 76–101.
Related tables: Schooner (Coasting / Lumber / Topsail / Packet / Marsh Hay) »
Gloucester Harbor
28 x 48 1/2 in.
Cape Ann Museum, Gloucester, Mass., Deposited by the City of Gloucester, 1952. Given to the city by Mrs. Julian James in memory of her grandfather Sidney Mason, 1913 (DEP. 200)
Detail of fishing schooner.
Also filed under: Gloucester Harbor, Inner / Harbor Cove »
Cape Ann Scenery: No. 321 " Marine Study"
Stereograph card
Frank Rowell, Publisher
stereo image, "x " on card, "x"
Cape Ann Museum Library & Archive
View showing a sharpshooter fishing schooner, circa 1850. Note the stern davits for a yawl boat, which is being towed astern in this view.
Also filed under: Historic Photographs »
Model of fishing schooner "Amy Knight"
Model and photography by Erik A.R. Ronnberg, Jr.
Wood, metal hardware, cordage, paint
Model made for marine artist Thomas M. Hoyne
scale: 3/8" = 1'
Thomas M. Hoyne Collection, Mystic Seaport, Conn.
While this model was built to represent a typical Marblehead fishing schooner of the early nineteenth century, it has the basic characteristics of other banks fishing schooners of that region and period: a sharper bow below the waterline and a generally more sea-kindly hull form, a high quarter deck, and a yawl-boat on stern davits.
The simple schooner rig could be fitted with a fore topmast and square topsail for making winter trading voyages to the West Indies. The yawl boat was often put ashore and a "moses boat" shipped on the stern davits for bringing barrels of rum and molasses from a beach to the schooner.
Jeffrey Bolster, Black Jacks: African American Seafarers in the Age of Sail (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1997).
Howard I. Chapelle, American Small Sailing Craft (New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1951), 29–31.
Also filed under: Hand-lining » // Ship Models »
Fishing Schooner sail plan, with overdrawing
Draftsman unknown; overdrawing attributed to Fitz Henry Lane
Pencil on paper in sail plan book titled William F. Davis, Gloucester 1845
20 x 14 in.
Cape Ann Museum Library & Archive, Gloucester, Mass.
The image, as originally drafted, showed only spars and sail outlines with dimensions, and an approximate deck line. The hull is a complete overdrawing, in fine pencil lines with varied shading, all agreeing closely with Lane's drawing style and depiction of water. Fishing schooners very similar to this one can be seen in his painting /entry:240/.
"Shipping Intelligence: Port of Gloucester"
"Fishermen . . . The T. [Tasso] was considerably injured by coming in contact with brig Deposite, at Salem . . ."
Image: Cape Ann Museum Library & Archive
Also filed under: Newspaper / Journal Articles »
1857 Cape Ann Advertiser 10.1.1857
Procter Brothers
From bound volume owned by publisher Francis Procter
Collection of Fred and Stephanie Buck
"A Prize Race—We have heard it intimated that some of our fishermen intend trying the merits of their "crack" schooners this fall, after the fishing season is done. Why not! . . .Such a fleet under full press of sail, would be worth going many a mile to witness; then for the witchery of Lane's matchless pencil to fix the scene upon canvass. . ."
Image: Collection of Fred and Stephanie Buck
Also filed under: Fishing » // Newspaper / Journal Articles »
1865 Cape Ann Advertiser 7.7.1865
Article about new masthead, designed by Lane.
Also filed under: Cape Ann Advertiser Masthead »
Cape Ann Scenery: No. 114 Gloucester Harbor from Rocky Neck
John S. E. Rogers
Procter Brothers, Publisher
"Gloucester Harbor from Rocky Neck, Looking Southwest. This gives a portion of the Harbor lying between Ten Pound Island and Eastern Point. At the time of taking this picture the wind was from the northeast, and a large fleet of fishing and other vessels were in the harbor. In the range of the picture about one hundred vessels were at anchor. In the small Cove in the foreground quite a number of dories are moored. Eastern Point appears on the left in the background."
Southeast Harbor was known for being a safe harbor.
Also filed under: Gloucester Harbor, Outer » // Historic Photographs » // Rocky Neck » // Small Craft – Wherries, and Dories »
Cape Ann Scenery: No. 82 View of Sch. "E. A. Horton"
"Said schooner was captured about the first of September, 1871, by Capt. Torry, of the Dominion Cutter 'Sweepstakes,' for alleged violation of the Fishery Treaty. She was gallantly recaptured from the harbor of Guysboro, N.S., by Capt. Harvey Knowlton., Jr., (one of her owners,) assisted by six brave seamen, on Sunday night, Oct. 8th. The Dominion Government never asked for her return, and the United States Government very readily granted her a new set of papers."
Also filed under: Fishing » // Historic Photographs » // Waterfront, Gloucester »
Head of the Harbor, Gloucester
William A. Elwell
Image: Cape Ann Museum
Also filed under: Gloucester Harbor, Inner / Harbor Cove » // Historic Photographs » // Waterfront, Gloucester »
Inner Harbor, Gloucester
Cape Ann Museum Library & Archive (2013.068)
Schooner fleet anchored in the inner harbor. Looking east from Rocky Neck, Duncan's Point wharves and Lane house (at far left), Sawyer School cupola on Friend Street.
Also filed under: Duncan's Point » // Gloucester Harbor, Inner / Harbor Cove » // Historic Photographs » // Waterfront, Gloucester »
Precursor to Gaff Rig of Schooners
Fitz H. Lane
In John J. Babson, History of the Town Gloucester (Gloucester, MA: Procter Brothers, 1860)
See p. 254.
As Erik Ronnberg has noted, Lane's engraving follows closely the French publication, Jal's "Glossaire Nautique" of 1848.
Also filed under: Babson History of the Town of Gloucester »
Shadow box model of Burnham Marine Railway
Erik Ronnberg
Wood, cordage, acrylic paste, metal
~40 in. x 30 in.
Model shows mast of fishing vessel being unstepped.
Also filed under: Burnham Brothers Marine Railway » // Fishing »
Silhouettes of vessel types
Charles G. Davis
Book illustrations from "Shipping and Craft in Silhouette" by Charles G. Davis, Salem, Mass. Marine Research Society, 1929. Selected images
Also filed under: An Overview of All Rigging and Vessel Types » // Bark / Barkentine or Demi-Bark » // Brig » // Brig (Hermaphrodite or Half) » // Chebacco Boat / Dogbody / Pinky » // Ship (Full-Rigged) » // Sloop » // Vessel details: Rigging and Sails »
Untitled (Ships Anchored in Gloucester Harbor)
D. Jerome Elwell
8 3/4 x 19 3/4 in.
Cape Ann Museum, Gloucester, Mass., Gift of Rev. and Mrs. A. A. Madsen, 1950
Accession # 1468
Fishing schooners in Gloucester's outer harbor, probably riding out bad weather.
Also filed under: Elwell, D. Jerome » // Gloucester Harbor, Outer »
View from Belmont House, of a fishing wharf, with the Old Fort of 1812 opposite
Ignatius Weber's windmill (now defunct) is shown.
Also filed under: Flake Yard » // Fort (The) and Fort Point » // Gloucester Harbor, Inner / Harbor Cove » // Historic Photographs » // Rogers's (George H.) wharves » // Waterfront, Gloucester » // Windmill »
Vincent's Cove
William Augustus Elwell
Print from bound volume of Gloucester scenes sent to the Philadelphia Centennial Exhibition.
Cape Ann Museum Library & Archives
Schooner "Grace L. Fears" at David A. Story Yard in Vincent's Cove.
Also filed under: Historic Photographs » // Shipbuilding / Repair » // Vincent's Cove »
People: Adams, Samuel, Jr.
Samuel Adams, Jr. was a friend of Joseph L. Stevens, Jr. from Castine. He joined Stevens, Lane and Witherle on their excursions in the Penobscot Bay area in 1850 and 1852. (1)
Samuel Adams (1828-1861) married Mary Brewer Martin, daughter of Silas Martin and Margaret Crawford of Castine and Wilmington, North Carolina. He was the son of Deacon Samuel Adams, born in 1790, and Lucy Sewall Moulton. Deacon Adams was a merchant and shipbuilder, and in 1850 he was one of the wealthiest men in the community. Deacon Adams and his extended family were invested in the cod fisheries and the cotton trade with New Orleans, and financed the building of some of Castine's greatest ships. Samuel Adams's sister, Sarah F. Adams, was married to William H. Witherle.
-Mark Honey
(1) Frederic Alan Sharf. "Fitz Hugh Lane: Visits to the Maine Coast, 1848–55." Essex Institute Historical Collections 98 (April 1962), 117.
Related tables: Castine » // Stevens, Joseph, Jr. » // Witherle, William Howe »
Also filed under: "Superior" (Sloop) » // Biographical information » // Blue Hill » // Castine » // Chronology » // Diaries / Ledgers / Etc. » // Mount Desert Island & Rock » // Somes Sound » // Stevens, Joseph, Jr. » // Tilden, George » // Witherle, William Howe »
People: Stevens, Joseph, Jr.
Joseph Lowe Stevens, Jr. (1823–1908) was Lane's closest friend and traveling companion. He was also executor of Lane's estate, and a tireless promoter of Lane's work. He was a supporter of abolition and animal welfare, and an active member of the Gloucester Lyceum. It was the Stevens family who encouraged Lane to make a print of Castine and who published and promoted it there Castine, from Hospital Island, 1855 (inv. 448). Joseph first worked as a dry goods salesman and in later life "engaged in the wholesale dry-goods and woollen trade on Summer St. Boston, travelling daily to and fro" on the train. (1)
Joseph's father, Dr. Joseph Lowe Stevens, Sr., was born in Andover, Massachusetts, and raised in Gloucester, Massachusetts. He married Dorothy Little of Castine, Maine, where the couple settled, and where Joseph Jr. was born in 1823. In the spring of 1840, at the age of seventeen, Joseph, Jr. left Maine and moved to Gloucester to work in his uncle's Samuel Stevens' dry goods store and to live with his grandfather, Zachariah Stevens. Seven years later, Joseph, Jr. married his second cousin, Caroline Stevens Foster. The couple eventually had five children, one of whom died very young.
Like most of the educated population of the town, Joseph joined the Gloucester Lyceum shortly after arriving in town; the signature of John J. Piper appears next in the membership book; and the next after him was Fitz Henry Lane. (2) Joseph remained involved with the Gloucester Lyceum and Library for most of his life, acting as director for many years, and was the superintendent at the time it became incorporated as the Gloucester Lyceum and Sawyer Free Library.
Joseph also helped his father work on a history of Castine, and he was sufficiently concerned about the welfare of animals to serve on the boards of three animal-aid societies. He became the secretary of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and the New England Humane Education Society, and treasurer of the Band of Mercy. (3) Joseph was committed to more than animal welfare; he involved himself in the Free Soil movement and the slavery debate, to the extent that he left Gloucester for Kansas in 1855 "to see for himself what was going on," returning about two years later. (4)
Joseph L. Stevens, Jr. first became friends with Lane after the artist had returned from Boston and had set up a studio on Elm Stree. That same year, Joseph invited Lane to accompany him to Castine. It was the first of many such trips to the Maine coast, where Lane sketched and painted and visited with Joseph's parents.
When Lane fell out with his brother-in-law, Joseph Stevens came to the rescue by purchasing the contested stone house from Lane and evicting the troublesome in-laws. He was also at Lane's side when he died and was named as one of two executors in Lane's will. In addition, he inherited two-thirds of the residual property of the estate.
Joseph's wife Caroline died in 1886, and Joseph left Gloucester nine years later to marry Charlotte M. Todd of Milton. He remained there until his own death. He is buried in Oak Grove cemetery alongside Caroline and their infant son. Lane is also buried in their family plot.
– Stephanie Buck
(1) Joseph L. Stevens Jr., letter written as Superintendent of the Sawyer Free Library, for the 1876 Women's Time Capsule. Gloucester Archives, CC195 and AS300.
(2) Gloucester Lyceum Records, vol. 1, 1830–1852.
(3) The New England Humane Education Society is not to be confused with the coastal lifesaving institution which was then known as the Massachusetts Humane Society. The Band of Mercy was associated with the Massachusetts SPCA.
(4) F. A. Sharf, "Fitz Hugh Lane: Visits to the Maine Coast, 1848–1855," Essex Institute Historical Collection 98, no. 2 (April 1962): 112.
Related tables: Adams, Samuel, Jr. » // Blanchard, George S. » // Brick Houses / Gloucester House Hotel » // Castine – Stevens Home » // Gloucester Lyceum » // Stevens, Caroline Foster » // Stevens, Helen (Helen Stevens Babson) » // Stevens, Joseph, Sr. and Dorothy Little »
Joseph L. Stevens, Jr.
B. Adams. Front St., Gloucester
Gloucester City Archives.
This carte de visite was included in the Women's Centennial Collection time capsule.
Photograph of Joseph L. Stevens, Jr.
Wilson Museum, Castine, Maine (a02156)
Also filed under: Chronology » // Mount Desert Island & Rock » // Newspaper / Journal Articles »
1852 Journal of John M. Stevens
John M. Stevens
September 1–November 18, 1852
Box 2, F1 (A00772)
John Stevens was the younger brother of Joseph Stevens, and acquainted with Lane, spending time with him in Gloucester and at the family home in Castine. His journal, quoted below, includes reference to hunting plover and teal, school, sailing, local events. Mentions Castine mill, lighthouse, and block house.
"Friday [September] 17th: Cloudy all day. Wind N. blowing quite hard. A British Rig loaded with salt from Liverpool came into port last night. She run way up by the Monument and got aground. They kedged her off this P.M. and came down. She came in with one of these old English charts as her guide. They have the town set down on the Brooksville side, two miles + three quarters from the lighthouse."
"Wednesday [September] 22. . .Went down to the Indians Camp on the Back Cove. There were five camps of them."
Visits Gloucester from Castine:
"Wednesday [October] 27th. . .Left for Gloucester [from Boston] at 5 o'clock this P.M. arrived there safe + sound at 6 1/2 o'clock; went right down to the store and saw Joe. We then went up to his house and got supper.
"Thursday [October] 28th. At. Gloucester. Pleasant day. Went down to the "Cut" a gunning this morning before breakfast but saw no birds. Went out in the harbor this forenoon alone, had a fine sail but couldn't get a chance at any birds. Went out again this P.M. got down to East Point Light and the wind died all away, so I had to scull home."
"Friday 29th. Very pleasant day, went out in the harbor this morning with Joe. Took a walk this A.M. with "Lina", called on Mr. Lane + Doct. Hildreth. Joe + I went out in the harbor this P.M. I fired at some birds several times, but didn't get any. . . ."
Also filed under: Biographical information » // Bird Hunting » // Castine » // Castine – School » // Chronology » // Cut, The (Stacy Blvd.) » // Diaries / Ledgers / Etc. »
1863 Gloucester Telegraph 10.7.1863
W.E.P. Rogers
Gloucester Telegraph
"Ignatius Winter v. Joseph L. Stevens, Jr.—This was an action of tort brought by the plaintiff to recover damages for personal injury in ejecting him from his dwelling house, as the plaintiff claimed. Defendant justified his expulsion of the plaintiff on the ground that he expelled him from his own, the defendant's house, using no more force than was reasonably necessary to accomplish this."
Also filed under: Newspaper / Journal Articles » // Winter, Ignatius »
1865 Diary Entry 10.22.1865
Samuel Sawyer
Samuel Sawyer Papers
"Met Mr. Tuckerman the artist walking with Jos. Stevens."
Image: Cape Ann Museum Library & Archives
Also filed under: Diaries / Ledgers / Etc. » // Sawyer, Samuel » // Tuckerman, Stephen Salisbury »
1867 Cape Ann Advertiser 10.25.1867
Letter to the editor: "Fitz H. Lane's will and gift of the Old Fort painting in the Town Hall, sketched in 1859, from T. Sewell Lancaster and Joseph L. Stevens, executors."
Reply from Selectmen: "Mr. Lane was much esteemed by his townsmen not only for his skill as an artist, but also for his character, as a gentleman of Honor and Integrity."
Also filed under: Biographical information » // Funeral & Burial » // Lancaster, T. Sewall » // Newspaper / Journal Articles »
Complete Subscription List and Mailing for "Castine, From Hospital Island," 1855
Handwritten list
Wilson Museum, Castine, Maine (A00787-1a-1d)
Also filed under: Castine » // Castine – Witherle & Co.'s Store » // Lithography (Sales & Exhibitions) » // Noyes, Samuel » // Publications » // Witherle, William Howe »
David Dennison receipt 1849
Printed paper receipt with handwritten entries by Joseph L. Stevens, Jr.
Cape Ann Museum, Gloucester, Mass.
Also filed under: New York – American Art Union »
E. D. Knight to Joseph Stevens, Jr., Boston, 8.15.1869
Letter regarding the burning of the packet ship "Boston"
"Dear Sir, Agreeable to your request that I would write something to attach to the picture in your possession of the Burning of the Packet Ship Boston in 1830, your object I suppose more fully to establish the fact that it is really one of the early productions of our fellow townsman and afterward most distinguished artist Fitz H. Lane.
The picture was drawn the same year by Mr. Lane from a sketch I made soon after the disaster aided by one of the passengers S.S. Osgood Esq. afterward a distinguished portrait painter. Mr. Lane had made not reputation of course at this time as an artist. And probably had received no instruction. It afforded me great pleasure to present this picture to you who was so devoted to him, knowing full well tho nothing very great of itself would be highly appreciative [...] as the early work of that [...] particular friend."
Also filed under: "Boston" (Packet Ship) » // Knight, Elias Davis » // Letters »
F. H. Lane letter to Joseph L. Stevens, Jr.
". . . will fully appreciate all that I have done in my garden, in ornamenting it, with flowers and plants, Rustic Arbours and Statues, and I only wish that you could be here to witness and enjoy his [Dr. J. L. Stevens] expressions of delight and interest, when a new flower attracts his attention, or some beauty of arrangement meets his eye. Samuel [B. Stevens of Castine] he tells me came up with the expectation of going on a voyage to Australia, but when he arrived in Boston he found the vessel with her compliment of men, and it is very uncertain if he goes in her. Your Mother and all at home are well. I yesterday made a sketch of Stage Fort and the surrounding scenery, from the water. Piper has given me an order for a picture from this point of view, to be treated as a sunset. I shall try to make something out of it, but it will require some management, as there is no foreground but water and vessels. One o'clock, it is very hot, the glass indicates 84° in my room, with the windows all open and a light breeze from the east, this is the warmest day . . .
. . . than devoting it to you. Since writing you last I have painted but one picture worth talking about and that one I intend for you if you should be pleased with it. It is a View of the beach between Stage Fort and Steep bank including Hovey's Hill and residence, Fresh water cove and the point of land with the lone pine tree. Fessenden's house, likewise comes into the picture. The effect is a mid day light with a cloudy sky, a patch of sunlight is thrown across the beach and the breaking waves, an old vessel lies stranded on the beach with two or three figures, there are a few vessels in the distance and the Field rocks likewise show at the left of the picture. I think you will be pleased with this picture, for it is a very picturesque scene especially the beach, as there are many rocks which come in to destroy the monotony of a plain sand beach, and I have so arranged the light and shade that the effect I think is very good indeed, however you will be better able to judge of that when you see it, the size is 20 x 33. . ."
Also filed under: Fessenden, C. B. » // Field Beach / Crescent (or Cressy's) Beach / Long Beach » // Letters » // Letters / Manuscripts » // Lone Pine » // Piper, John J. » // Steepbank » // Stevens, Joseph, Sr. and Dorothy Little »
Gloucester Lyceum Record Book
Handwritten ledger
Also filed under: Babson, Nathaniel » // Chronology » // Diaries / Ledgers / Etc. » // Gloucester Community / Participation / Other projects » // Gloucester Lyceum » // Stacy, Mr. and Mrs. John Hancock »
Joseph L. Stevens to Joseph L. Stevens, Jr., 1856
Joseph L. Stevens
Castine Historical Society, Maine
"[John] says Charles proposes to come down on Saturday—to return on Monday—so that may be so—I think of defering sending the pictures till then—it has been my intention to have sent them tomorrow. [??] went away on Monday last before I had time to have them boxed. Mr. Noyes will see to that. The have been, for a day or two, in Witherle & Co.'s store, where they were much admired—& a little remarkable, among the visitors there yesterday was Mr. King—the son of the Keeper of the Light—who was engaged in catching herring while you was at the Rock. He was very much pleased—thought it as natural as life—as it was to his recollection—having only left there a week since. He observed that he would not have believed Mr. Lane had so much in him. In case Charles does not come on Saturday how shall I direct the box—for I shall send it by express to Boston—I don't remember any thing was said about that. I hope you will come over to Owl's Head, as proposed—if so, you & Lane must come & spend one night at least. Our two teacher boarders came in the boat that took you away—but we can continue to accommodate some way or other. Mary is to leave on Monday next."
Also filed under: Biographical information » // Castine – Witherle & Co.'s Store » // Castine, Maine – 1856 Witherle & Co. » // Chronology » // Letters » // Noyes, Samuel » // Stevens, Joseph, Sr. and Dorothy Little » // Witherle, William Howe »
Joseph L. Stevens, Jr. to Samuel Mansfield, 10.17.1903
Four-page letter
Collection of the Cape Ann Museum Library & Archive, Gloucester, Mass.
"[The painting] is offered you for $150 on as long time and in as many notes at 3% interest as you choose. . . I believe this to be the only important painting of Gloucester Harbor that Lane never duplicated. . . .Returning from a Gloucester visit while I was still under the roof there, father brought a print of Lane's first Gloucester view, bought of the artist at his Tremont Temple studio in Boston. An extra dollar had been paid for coloring it. For a few years it was a home delight.. . .I had been a few years in Gloucester when Lane began to come, for part of the time a while, if I remember rightly. He painted in his brother's house, "up in town" it then was. I recall visits there to see his pictures. But it was long after, that I could claim more than a simple speaking acquaintance. The Stacys were very kind, aiding him as time went on in selling paintings by lot. I invested in a view of Gloucester from Rocky Neck, thus put on sale at the old reading room, irreverently called "Wisdom Hall." And they bought direct of him to some extent, before other residents. Lane was much my senior and yet we gradually drifted together. Our earliest approach to friendship was after his abode began in Elm Street as an occupant of the old Prentiss [sic-corrected Stacy] house, moved there from Pleasant. I was a frequenter of this studio to a considerable extent, yet little compared with my intimacy at the next and last in the new stone house on the hill. Lane's art books and magazines were always at my service and a great inspiration and delight—notably the London Art Journal to which he long subscribed. I have here a little story to tell you. A Castine man came to Gloucester on business that brought the passing of $60 through my hands at 2 1/2 % commission. I bought with the $1.50 thus earned Ruskin's Modern Painters, my first purchase of an artbook. I dare say no other copy was then owned in town. . . .Lane was frequently in Boston, his sales agent being Balch who was at the head of his guild in those days. So in my Boston visits – I was led to Balch's fairly often – the resort of many artists and the depot of their works. Thus through, Lane in various ways I was long in touch with the art world, not only of New England but of New York and Philadelphia. I knew of most picture exhibits and saw many. The coming of the Dusseldorf Gallery to Boston was an event to fix itself in one's memory for all time. What talks of all these things Lane and I had in his studio and by my fireside!
For a long series of years I knew nearly every painting he made. I was with him on several trips to the Maine coast where he did much sketching, and sometimes was was [sic] his chooser of spots and bearer of materials when he sketched in the home neighborhood. Thus there are many paintings whose growth I saw both from brush and pencil. For his physical infirmity prevented his becoming an out-door colorist."
Also filed under: Balch, William Y. » // Castine » // Drawing Manuals » // Residences » // Stacy, Mr. and Mrs. John Hancock » // Stevens, Joseph, Sr. and Dorothy Little » // Tremont Temple »
Joseph L. Stevens, Sr. home in Castine
George E. Collins
Maine Historic Preservation Commission (2000.24)
Also filed under: Castine – Stevens Home » // Historic Photographs » // Stevens, Joseph, Sr. and Dorothy Little »
Joseph L. Stevens, Sr. to Fitz H. Lane, 1.29.1851
Joseph L. Stevens, Sr.
Single sheet, writing both sides
Cape Ann Museum Library & Archives, Gloucester, Mass.
"My dear Sir,
I hope you will not attribute the delay in acknowledging the receipt of your splendid, and most unexpected Gift to a want of a due appreciation of it. Many reasons have consipired to prevent my doing it – unnecessary to repeat. But I can no longer defer the expressions of our warmest acknowledgements for a present in itself so valuable, and endeared to us by many associations, as a representation of scenery often admired, and which I have many times wished could be transferred to canvas, although vary far from thinking that wish would ever be gratified. You must premit me, however, to say that the Painting, valuable as it is as a work of Art, and pleased as I may be as the possessor of it, is less appreciated by us than the delicate and very generous manner in which its acceptance has been tendered. My love of Art, to which you do politely allude, I am sensible has only wanted opportunity of indulgence to have amounted to a passion. From my earliest days I have wished for opportunities to visit places, where that desire could be gratified, and my reading has only had the effect of increasing my regrets for the want of them, and of encouraging envy for those more fortunate - I feel, too, under great obligations for the Drawing of the "Siege"(1) – I had no expectations you could have produced anything so good from so rough a copy. I shall have it framed for presentation and future reference. Several gentlemen who have called in to see the painting have expressed a desire to have a drawing from you of our town, similar to yours of Gloucester, which they much admire, and of lithographs, I have no doubts copies enough could be disposed of to remunerate you. That of Homans you are aware is feebly drawn, & still worse printed. I feel desirous myself it should be done, if it suits your wishes. There are several points of view, which you did not see, & to which it will be my pleasure, next summer, to carry you. I know many of our citizens would be gratified to have this done by you. Our house we shall expect to be your home, and if, as you suggested in Gloucester, you should come in your Boat, this place could be made the rendezvous, from whence you could start to any place that convenience & inclination might dictate – . . . Permit me again to tender acknowledgements for the picture. It hangs in our parlor, & I never come in to the house, without looking in to see it, & can never cease to feel grateful for your generosity and politeness. "
(1) Joseph Stevens was very interested the Revolutionary war event known as the "Penobscot Expedition" or the "Siege of Castine" by the British on July 25, 1779. In 1852 he handwrote an account of it and many articles are in the family's scrapbook at the Wilson Museum in Castine.
Also filed under: Castine » // Homan, S.V. » // Letters » // Stevens, Joseph, Sr. and Dorothy Little »
Stevens Family Tree
Stephanie Buck
Appendix G: Family Trees, in Sarah Dunlap and Stephanie Buck, Fitz Henry Lane: Family and Friends (Gloucester, MA: Church & Mason Publishing; in association with the Cape Ann Historical Museum, 2007), 164–66.
Also filed under: Stevens, Caroline Foster » // Stevens, Joseph, Sr. and Dorothy Little »
Trask's Rock
Personal notebook
Note about historical importance of this Castine landmark: "On Saturday afternoon, August 11, 1855, with my friend the marine artist Fitz. H. Lane of Gloucester" visited Trask's Rock
Also filed under: Biographical information »
Will of Fitz H. Lane
FItz. H. Lane
Essex County Probate Records, Volume 424, Leaves 34 & 35
The will disposed of Lane's property (including watch and diamond breast pin), his monetary assets, and gave to the city of Gloucester a painting of the Old Fort. Joseph Stevens, Jr. and T. Sewall Lancaster were named executors. It was signed by Lane on March 10, 1865.
Also filed under: Chronology » // Davidson, Dr. Herman Elvas » // Documents / Objects » // Funeral & Burial » // Galacar, Elizabeth » // Lancaster, T. Sewall » // Mellen, Mary Blood » // Page, Eben » // Stevens, Caroline Foster » // Wilbur, Horace B. »
Also filed under: "Superior" (Sloop) » // Adams, Samuel, Jr. » // Biographical information » // Blue Hill » // Castine » // Chronology » // Diaries / Ledgers / Etc. » // Mount Desert Island & Rock » // Somes Sound » // Tilden, George » // Witherle, William Howe »
People: Tilden, George
George Tilden was a lifelong resident of Castine. According to William Witherle's diary, George accompanied Lane and Stevens on their 1852 boat trip. The inscriptions from the drawings from the 1850 excursion indicate that he was on that trip as well.
George Francis Tilden, 1825-1883, was the son of Capt. Charles K. Tilden and Mary Reed of Castine. George was in partnership with his father at Castine, and though the family was a minor player in the cod fisheries, they still ranked 5th in terms of relative wealth in 1850. Capt. Charles K Tilden supplied lumber to the shipyards of Belfast and Castine, and had business interests as far afield as Vinalhaven. George had his own enterprise and invested in sawmills and timberlands at Cherryfield. Charles William Tilden, 1832-1914, the youngest son, would later enter the family enterprise. Charles would rise to prominence as a Col. in the 16th Maine Regiment, during the Civil War, and would earn the brevet of Brig. Gen. The expedition in 1852 began at the wharf of Capt. Charles K Tilden at Castine.
Doudiet, Ellenore W, "Majabigwaduce, A History of Castine, Penobscot, and Brooksville, Castine Scientific Society (Wilson Museum), Castine, Maine, 1978.
Honey, Mark E, "Abigail & Sarah Hawes of Castine," Navigators & Educators, with Lois Moore Cyr, 1996.
Honey, Mark E, "Before the Mast," Volume IV, articles 7-9, Holbrook Island and the Holbrook family, and in particular, Robert Applebee, "Vessels of the Penobscot Customs District," Stephan Phillips Memorial Library, Penobscot Marine Museum, Searsport, which source also has the diaries of Capt. Jonathan Holbrook and the genealogy of the Holbrook family in the Priscilla Jones collection. The "Before the Mass" series can be found in the collections of the Castine Historical Society and the Wilson Museum, both in Castine.
Wheeler, Dr. George Augustus, "Four Flags," A History of Castine, Penobscot, and Brooksville.
Also filed under: "Superior" (Sloop) » // Adams, Samuel, Jr. » // Biographical information » // Blue Hill » // Castine » // Chronology » // Diaries / Ledgers / Etc. » // Mount Desert Island & Rock » // Somes Sound » // Stevens, Joseph, Jr. » // Witherle, William Howe »
People: Witherle, William Howe
William Howe Witherle (1821–1906) accompanied Lane and his close friend Joseph Stevens on painting expeditions on the New England boat "General Gates," sailing around Penobscot Bay and Mount Desert Island. Witherle recorded notes about one of these trips in his diary.
Witherle was a merchant and shipbuilder of Castine. He married Sarah F. Adams (1822–56), daughter of Deacon Samuel and Lucy Adams. George H. Witherle (1831–1906), his younger brother, was in partnership with him in the family enterprise started by their father, William Witherle, Sr., who died at seventy-eight in 1860, and who came from Boston to Castine. Witherle, Sr. was married to "Sarah" Sally Bryant, a native of Marshfield, Massachusetts. In terms of both capital and influence, the two families enjoyed great prosperity, and their economic influence embraced Penobscot Bay and the greater world beyond. The Witherles were also invested in the cod fisheries and the cotton trade, and they financed the building of some of Castine's greatest ships.
Related tables: Adams, Samuel, Jr. » // Castine – Witherle & Co.'s Store »
A Diary of a Visit to Castine
Noah Brooks
Castine Historical Society
From July 25-August 16,1848, Castine native Noah Brooks made a return visit to his hometown. He was eighteen at the time, and had been living in Boston. In his diary, there is no mention of Lane, but he recounts Castine gossip, and writes about visits with the Stevens and Witherle familes, accounts of swimming in Back Cove, and reading Wuthering Heights. The daily arrival of "the boat" (the "T.F.S." or the "Secor")—the way it was anticipated and observed by Castine residents—is notable.
Also filed under: "T. F. Secor" (Steamboat) » // Brooks, Noah » // Castine » // Diaries / Ledgers / Etc. » // Steamers » // Stevens, Joseph, Sr. and Dorothy Little »
Also filed under: "Superior" (Sloop) » // Castine » // Mount Desert Island & Rock » // Penobscot Bay » // Southwest Harbor »
Also filed under: Castine » // Castine – Witherle & Co.'s Store » // Lithography (Sales & Exhibitions) » // Noyes, Samuel » // Publications » // Stevens, Joseph, Jr. »
Also filed under: Biographical information » // Castine – Witherle & Co.'s Store » // Castine, Maine – 1856 Witherle & Co. » // Chronology » // Letters » // Noyes, Samuel » // Stevens, Joseph, Jr. » // Stevens, Joseph, Sr. and Dorothy Little »
Also filed under: "Superior" (Sloop) » // Adams, Samuel, Jr. » // Biographical information » // Blue Hill » // Castine » // Chronology » // Diaries / Ledgers / Etc. » // Mount Desert Island & Rock » // Somes Sound » // Stevens, Joseph, Jr. » // Tilden, George »
Witherle's store
Accession number a02600a
Image: Wilson Museum
Also filed under: Castine » // Castine – Witherle & Co.'s Store »
Provenance (Information known to date; research ongoing.)
the Artist, Gloucester, Mass.
Joseph L. Stevens, Jr., Gloucester, Mass.
Samuel H. Mansfield, Gloucester, Mass.
Cape Ann Museum, Gloucester, Mass., 1927
No known exhibitions.
Cape Ann 1974: Paintings and Drawings by Fitz Hugh Lane, fig. 118.
Wilson Museum 1974: "A Cruise with Fitz Hugh Lane." ⇒ includes text
Wilmerding 1988c: American Masterpieces from the National Gallery of Art, fig. 20, ill. in b/w, p. 142.
Wilmerding 1994: The Artist's Mount Desert: American Painters on the Maine Coast, fig. 48, p.55. ⇒ includes text
Kelly 2004: American Masters from Bingham to Eakins: The John Wilmerding Collection, fig. 3, p. 118.
National Gallery of Art 2004: American Masters from Bingham to Eakins: The John Wilmerding Collection, fig. 3, p. 118.
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Related historical materials
Maine Locales & Buildings
Mount Desert Island & Rock
Southwest Harbor
Vessels (Specific / Named)
"Superior" (Sloop)
Vessel Types
Schooner (Fishing)
Adams, Samuel, Jr.
Stevens, Joseph, Jr.
Tilden, George
Witherle, William Howe
Citation: "Southwest Harbor, Mount Desert, 1852 (inv. 184)." Fitz Henry Lane Online. Cape Ann Museum. http://fitzhenrylaneonline.org/catalog/entry.php?id=184 (accessed January 17, 2020).
Record last updated February 15, 2017. Please note that the information on this and all pages is periodically reviewed and subject to change.
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Libra Horoscope for April 15 2012: Remind others that the more they hurry, the greater chance there is of mistakes being made. Whether events at this time are planned or some occur unexpectedly it is unlikely your imaginative and flexible handling of the situation will go unnoticed. You could end up taking the lead temporarily and although you wouldn't want to do this every day, you should feel proud of the way you take on the role with such ease.
Scorpio Horoscope for April 15 2012: Your interest in someone who is currently just a friend is more than a platonic one. Friendship is no longer enough for you now. Intimacy is a healthy part of a close relationship; it's an expression of how you feel towards that person. You want to share romantic delights at the end of each day without the influence of the outside world. They may not have film star looks but it's what's inside that counts. As this relationship has developed, you have started to appreciate the beauty they have inside.
Sagittarius Horoscope for April 15 2012: If it looks like a new relationship is going to cause you hassle, this would be a match that's better left unmade. You're like chalk and cheese and neither of you will get any happiness through being together. Criticisms received for your current ideas won't do a lot for your self-esteem. Your spirits will suddenly lift and you will feel much brighter when a responsibility you took on jointly with another is removed from your life.
Horoscopes and More....
Tune in to your video horoscopes with Russell Grant - visit the video horoscope section, or check out the vast array of horoscope articles!
Capricorn Horoscope for April 15 2012: If you're just starting to date and you're uncertain about what to say or do, just be yourself. Trying to be the person you perceive your partner wants isn't going to work. You've always been a little shy but the only way to become a good version of yourself in social situations is by being natural. You can learn a lot about your nature by way of your mistakes and also by accidentally getting things right!
Aquarius Horoscope for April 15 2012: Live for the now and plan for the future but getting stressed over things that may never happen is a waste of your precious time. Stop worrying. You have faced and conquered many challenges in your life and you will continue to do so. If there are uncertainties looming on the horizon, something unexpected could stop you having to face them. Anyway you have been there already and risen triumphant, so what is there to worry about now?
Pisces Horoscope for April 15 2012: Struggle on rather than let anyone see you're having second thoughts about a commitment you've already made. Your contrary nature will annoy those who are depending on you. If you are fortunate, someone will take you by your hand and help you over the next few hurdles but this is a luxury you cannot depend on. As the old adage states: you've made your bed, now lie in it. Don't betray yourself by giving up now after all you have already been through.
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This information is copied from an information panel placed in front the the factory by Southwark Council. As it gives useful details of the history of this Bermondsey landmark and there seems not to be much information available about it online, I have copied the text from the panel here as a contribution to our knowledge of London.
The firm of C.W. Martin & Sons Ltd. owned the Alaska Factory for about a century. Its business was fur, above all sealskin fur, and eventually it employed around a tenth of all the fur workers in the United Kingdom. The sealskin trade originated from the discovery of how to remove the 'top hair' or long guard hairs and flourished from the subsequent rise of sealskin products to become highly fashionable in Victorian days. The seals were originally from Antarctic waters, but later from Alaska and Canada. Unhairing, dressing and dyeing were the main processes undertaken in the factory.
The business traced its origins to 1823, when John Moritz Oppenheim set up as a fur-skin merchant in the City of London. The business that he founded passed into the hands of F.A. Schroeter, who built the Alaska Factory in 1869, and then to Charles W. Martin and Emil Teichmann in 1873. Martin had been the manager and Teichmann was the brother-in-law of Schroeter's son. From 1880 until his death in 1889, it was Martin's alone. Thereafter it was a family partnership until it was incorporated in 1911, but members of the Martin family continued to direct the business. On the social and sporting side, the Alaska Cricket Club became notable.
As the seal trade became insufficient to support the firm on its own, due to a decline from over-hunting, Martin's came to deal in general furs, and in their dyeing and reconditioning. A new head office was built in Upper Thames Street, in the fur district of the City. This was near the north end of Southwark Bridge and close to Beaver House, the last London headquarters of the historic Hudson's Bay Company, which conducted fur-trading in North America. Trade once again expanded. The Martin-Blau fur-cleaning process was introduced, and Queen Mary's Coronation robe was cleaned by Martin's in 1937.
A second factory was opened in nearby Pages Walk in 1927. Rebuilding of the main Alaska Factory began in 1932 to the design of Wallis, Gilbert & Partners, whose contemporary buildings included the Firestone and Hoover factories on the Great West Road, and Victoria Coach Station. The Alaska building that you see today dates from that time, with some postwar restoration, and is labelled ALASKA on the tower, where it once said MARTIN'S. At the outbreak of the Second World War, the firm had 1,100 employees. The Alaska Factory suffered a serious fire early in 1940, caused by an electrical fault, but had a narrow escape from an unexploded bomb during the subsequent Blitz. War work was undertaken on a large scale. No fewer than 345,000 sheepskins were processed for manufacture into flying suits for the R.A.F., plus 100,000 linings for flying coats. In addition, 140,000 of the sheepskin flying suits were reconditioned for the R.A.F. and 38,000 for the U.S. air force. Among more specialised tasks were the making for the R.A.F. of 3,000 hoods with special yellow colouring for air-sea rescue identification, and bunk rugs and clothing for Mrs Churchill's Aid to Russia Fund. Winston Churchill himself was photographed wearing a Martin's sealskin hat.
In 1953, Martin's published a small book on its history since 1823, entitled Under Eight Monarchs. But business in sealskin and furs had declined much from Martin's heyday. In its final years in Bermondsey, Martin's became Martin Rice Ltd. George Rice Ltd. had previously been a separate firm in the fur trade. After the firm's removal from the district, the factory was eventually converted into flats. It remains a significant monument to Bermondsey notable industrial history.


text:
DOI 10.5817/PC2018-2-93PDF
The Power of Connections: The Influence of Electoral Systems on Economic Growth in Japan and South Korea
Pavel Bacovsky
University of Colorado at Boulder, USA
e-mail: Pavel.Bacovsky@colorado.edu
Do formal political institutions, namely electoral systems, affect economic growth? Using data on South Korea and Japan, I investigate whether their electoral system reforms produced a significant change in the rate of economic growth. I find that both countries grew faster under SNTV than under other systems. SNTV allows for the formation of close ties between politicians and society. This, in turn, makes it easier for politicians to sell specific policy agendas to the citizens. I conclude that formal political institutions, especially the electoral system, affect economic growth and that SNTV was one of the key catalysts of both Japan's and South Korea's economic booms.
single non-transferable vote (SNTV); electoral systems; institutions; economic growth; Japan; South Korea
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DOI 10.5817/PC2018-2-112PDF
Mainstream Parties' Issue Engagement and its Implications for the Performance of Populist Parties
Caroline Dalmus
University of Fribourg, Switzerland
e-mail: caroline.dalmus@unifr.ch
In addition to other factors, the success of populist parties seems to be influenced by the strategic behavior of their competing opponents. Yet, it has not been clearly determined which form of behavior leads to populist success or failure. In order to gain insight into the effectiveness of strategic engagement with populist issues the present study compares an election campaign resulting in populist success with an election campaign resulting in populist failure. For this purpose, the elections in Great Britain in 2010 (low populist vote result) and 2015 (high populist vote result) were chosen. A content analysis of party statements in press releases (N = 734) and newspaper articles (N = 379) covering eight weeks prior to each Election Day was undertaken. The results suggest that the lack of engagement with a salient issue seems to open up opportunities for a populist party. Additionally, divergence and therefore the presence of conflict turns out to have a positive influence on populist success.
populism; party behavior; election campaigns; news coverage
Dimensions of Politics in the Czech Republic
Lukáš Hájek
Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
e-mail: hajek.lukas@mail.com
This article deals with the dimensions of politics in the Czech Republic since the state's establishment in 1993 until 2017. It utilizes MPs' votes by roll call in the Chamber of Deputies, which is the polity's centre of gravity. The analysis suggests that two principal drivers shape Czech politics – an ideological (socio-economic left vs right) dimension and an institutional (government vs opposition) division. Due to the changing forms of the ruling cabinets, the dimensionality oscillates between unidimensional and two-dimensional (with a specific phase of as many as three relevant dimensions between 1998–2002). Periods of right-oriented majority cabinets result in a unidimensional competition composed of a merged ideological dimension and an institutional division. Stages of left-oriented majority cabinets ideologically split the opposition camp and highlight the unique role of the socio-economic dimension separated from the still dominant institutional division. During the rule of both left- and right-oriented minority cabinets, political competition is mainly driven by the ideological cleavage since the conventional institutional patterns diminish.
Czech Republic; Chamber of Deputies; parliament; dimensionality; roll call; spatial modelling
Where Have All the Pledges Gone? An Analysis of ČSSD and ODS Manifesto Promises since 2002 to 2013
Miloš Gregor
Masaryk Univesity, Brno, Czech Republic
e-mail: mgregor@fss.muni.cz
There are many studies analysing the ability of parties to enact their election pledges. Most of these focus on established Western democracies and conclude that pledges made by parties that enter the government after elections are more likely to be enacted than those made by parties stuck in opposition. As the ability to keep election promises has important consequences for the quality of democracy, it is important to extend the analyses to the Central and Eastern European countries. We find a lack of such studies, however. This article seeks to make a contribution in this area. In this paper we analyse the case of the Czech Republic from 2002 to the parliamentary elections in 2013. The analysis includes pledges given in electoral manifestos by the two main parties in that period, the Czech Social Democratic Party and the Civic Democratic Party, which alternated in coalition governments. Unlike other studies from this region, we focus on a longer period, not just the last elections, so the results reflect a longer term trend, and not just the current situation. In the total sample of 1800 pledges made by the two parties in three elections we found that there is a larger success rate in keeping promises for the governing party; the ČSSD fulfilled fewer pledges when they were in power than the ODS. Surprisingly, the Social democrats had a greater percentage of enacted pledges while they were in opposition than in government. The analysis shows the shift in the composition of manifestos since the 2006 elections and the thematic composition of pledges and different success ratios among them.
election pledges; manifesto analysis; mandate theory; program-to-policy linkage; Czech Republic
Analýza politiky a političtí aktéři - možnosti a limity aplikace teorií na příkladech
Barbora Burešová
Říchová, Blanka; Jüptner, Petr; Riegl, Martin; Švec, Kamil (2015). Analýza politiky a političtí aktéři - možnosti a limity aplikace teorií na příkladech. Praha: Sociologické nakladatelství (SLON), 251 pages.
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Europe and Islam
Yotam Kreiman
Jones, Erik; van Genigten Saskia (2016). Europe and Islam. New York: Routledge, 120 pages.
Markets without Limits: Moral and Virtues and Commercial Interests
Miroslav Návrat
Brennan, Jason; Jaworski, Peter M. (2016). Markets without Limits: Moral and Virtues and Commercial Interests. New York: Routledge, 252 pages.


text:
Their American Friends - WSJ
Through The Editorial Board Close The Editorial Board ...
The Editorial Board
Pro-Houthi soldiers patrol the streets of Sana'a, Yemen on September 18.
yahya arhab / Shutterstock
Bernard Lewis, the late great scholar of the Middle East, once joked that while it is dangerous to be America's enemy, it can be fatal to be its friend. We wonder if this is how the Saudis feel as they ask America for help when it runs out of ammunition to defend itself against the Iranian-backed Houthis in Yemen.
The Journal reported this week that the Saudis are running low on interceptors against missile and drone attacks on its territory from the Houthis. The two have been waging a war in Yemen for the past seven years, and in one of its first acts this year, the Biden administration cut off the Saudis' arms for the war in Yemen.
The United States designed it as an olive branch to the Houthis to negotiate an end to the war. Instead, they escalated, stepping up their cross-border attacks into Saudi territory from Yemen. The Houthis are largely supplied by Iran, which sees no need to stop when its proxies win. Drones and missiles are not well targeted and sometimes hit civilian targets if they are not intercepted. There are over 70,000 Americans in the Kingdom who could become victims.
The spectacle here is that of an ally pleading for defensive ammunition from the same United States trying to reassure Ukraine and Taiwan that America will support them in conflicts with Russia or China. The Biden administration is also trying to persuade Iran that it will face serious and unspecified consequences if it continues to pursue a nuclear bomb. President Biden attempted to do the same on Tuesday in a video call with the Russian president
concerning Ukraine. But an ally who won't provide his friends with more Patriot anti-missile interceptors is simply not credible in the face of such determined adversaries.
The Saudis aren't always attractive friends, and they fought the war in Yemen often brutally, but less with the help of American trainers during the Trump years. But in the Saudi Quarter, military choices can be existential.
Better news, the US Senate voted on Tuesday not to block Mr. Biden's proposal to sell $ 650 million in arms to the Saudis. The sale includes 280 air-to-air missiles, but that shouldn't prevent filling the Saudis' additional need for more interceptors against Houthi missiles and drones.
The Senate vote was 30-67 against the resolution by Sens. Rand Paul, Mike Lee, and Bernie Sanders, who seem to think the world will be a nicer, gentler place if the United States abandons their friends in a fight. The truth is, it is sure to get worse, and in a very bloody way, if the United States does not even provide its friends with the ammunition to defend itself.
Newspaper Editorial Report: Best and Worst of the Week by Kim Strassel, Jason Riley, Kyle Peterson and Dan Henninger. Composite Reuters / AP / Getty Images: Mark Kelly
Copyright © 2021 Dow Jones & Company, Inc. All rights reserved. 87990cbe856818d5eddac44c7b1cdeb8
Published in the print edition of December 9, 2021.
Newsrust - US Top News: Their American Friends - WSJ
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https://www.newsrust.com/2021/12/their-american-friends-wsj.html


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Conversely, a bond with a par value of 100 but traded at intertoys en vvv bonnen 110 gives the buyer a yield to maturity lower than the coupon rate. This is the effective return called yield to maturity. For example, a bond with a par value of 100 but traded at 90 gives the buyer a yield to maturity higher than the coupon rate. Market interest rates change over time, and as they move higher or lower than a bond's coupon rate, the value of the bond increases or decreases, respectively. Yield to Maturity, when investors buy a bond initially at face value and then hold the bond to maturity, the interest they earn on the bond is based on the coupon rate set forth at the issuance. All else held equal, bonds with higher coupon rates are more desirable for investors than those with lower coupon rates.
This free online Bond Value Calculator will calculate the expected trading price of a bond given the par value, coupon rate, market rate, interest.
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Home » Only mayoral candidate explains why he is running
Only mayoral candidate explains why he is running
Published by lniemeyer@bluff... on Thu, 10/25/2018 - 7:51am
Tony Archer, who has served on the Spring Valley City Council for 13 years, is the only person to file for mayor.
Archer was appointed to the council in 2005 and was elected for three four-year terms since then. If elected, he would replace Mayor Jim Struzyk, who is retiring after serving many years as the head of the city.
Archer is a registered nurse who has been married for 33 years to Jodie Archer. They have two children — Taylor, 25, and Ellie, 14.
He will be the only mayoral candidate listed on the ballot Nov. 6. The term for mayor is two years.
He was asked to provide a written response to why he filed for mayor this year.
"First of all, I would like to take this opportunity to thank our honorable Mayor Jim Struzyk for his many years of public service and dedication to the community of Spring Valley.
"I am running for mayor to continue to implement our budget plan. We need to keep it balanced, and without surprises to the taxpayers. We continue to work more with less. Our city staff members are cross-trained and working very hard to keep our budget balanced to the best of their abilities.
"I believe that we as a city need to promote our community better. We need to be more aggressive in the areas of economic development, housing, tourism, trails, parks and recreation. We need to explore better ways to promote our community. We also need to update our social networking to make us more inviting to others.
"I would also like to see more city involvement with our community service groups, volunteers, library, school, businesses and emergency services. We need to find ways to get the people of Spring Valley more involved in our community groups, organizations and volunteering.
"I believe that the city and the school district need to collaborate and work together in the best interest of our community. We need to have fewer silos and more partnerships. If you don't have a school, you don't have a town.
"We also need to let the new residents and potential future residents know what our town has to offer through social networking, web pages and community service groups expos. Long gone are the days of the Welcome Wagon."


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Q: How to expose StateFlow but start and stop underlying Flow I have a class that receives data from the device sensors. I've wrapped the callback inside a callbackFlow in order to get a Flow.
private var sensorFlow: Flow<AccelerationState> = callbackFlow {
        val listener: SensorEventListener = object : SensorEventListener {
            override fun onSensorChanged(event: SensorEvent?) {
              ...
            }

            override fun onAccuracyChanged(sensor: Sensor?, accuracy: Int) {
              ...
            }
        }
        sensorManager.registerListener(listener, accelSensor, SensorManager.SENSOR_DELAY_NORMAL)

        awaitClose() {
            sensorManager.unregisterListener(listener, accelSensor)
        }
    }

Ideally want to expose a StateFlow so I've done this:
 sensorFlow.stateIn(
        scope = scope,
        started = WhileSubscribed(5000),
        initialValue = AccelerationState(0,0,0))

I want to be able to pause/resume the sensor readings which I would normally do by registering/unregistering the listener. My understanding is that I have to stop listening to the flow and then restart it again if I want to have that effect.
I've tried using takeWhile { isGathering } but after the Flow is killed it can't be restarted again. And redeclaring the StateFlow does nothing as the rest of the app has the previous reference stored.
How can I expose a StateFlow but be able to change the underlying Flow from which it's created?
Edit: The StateFlow is then simply referenced in a ViewModel and can then be accessed by the View:
val sensorStateFlow = sensorDataRepository.sensorStateFlow

A: What if you were to use a flow of flows?
First, create a MutableStateFlow that will hold the "current" flow. Its initial value is just an empty flow.
val currentFlow = MutableStateFlow<Flow<T>>(emptyFlow())

Then, launch the StateFlow that subscribers will consume. This is based on a concatenated flow that always collects the latest flow that was emitted by currentFlow.
val stateFlow = currentFlow.flatMapLatest { it }.stateIn(scope)

Initially, the stateFlow is empty (and suspends, because it doesn't have an initial value). To start it, you can set the value of currentFlow:
currentFlow.value = createNewSensorFlow()

The values from the sensor flow will then be collected and available via the stateFlow. Setting a new value for currentFlow will cause the concatenated stateFlow to stop listening to (and terminate) the previous flow and start collecting from the new one instead. To pause the sensor you can set the value back to an empty flow:
currentFlow.value = emptyFlow()

You could still use SharingStarted.WhileSubscribed when launching the state flow, to ensure that the listeners aren't active when there are no subscribers. If you do that, the "current" flow will simply be collected again when new subscribers arrive. Because you're using a callback flow, that should work fine, and will just initialise the flow again to create a new listener.

As a simplification, if the sample rate is the only thing you need to change, consider something like this:
val sampleRate = MutableStateFlow<Int?>(null)
val stateFlow = sampleRate.flatMapLatest { sampleRate ->
    if (sampleRate == null) {
        emptyFlow()
    } else {
        createSensorFlow(sampleRate)
    }
}.stateIn(scope)

Here, instead of setting currentFlow, we just set sampleRate.value to whatever we want. Each time it's changed, the "current flow" (which is now created as part of flatMapLatest) is replaced. We set sampleRate.value to null to emit an empty flow and thereby pause the sensor.

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