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PT Citilink Indonesia или Citilink — бюджетная авиакомпания со штаб-квартирой в Джакарте (Индонезия). Основана в июле 2001 года как недорогой бренд национального авиаперевозчика Garuda Indonesia и осуществляет рейсы между городами Индонезии. С 30 июля 2012 года Citilink официально работает как отдельная дочерняя компания Garuda Indonesia со своим позывным, кодами, логотипом и униформой. Основные хабы — международные аэропорты Сукарно-Хатта и Сидоарджо. Слоган компании: «Лучше летай, Ситилинк».

История
Garuda Indonesia создала Citilink как недорогой бренд в 2001 году, предоставив новому подразделению два Fokker F28 Fellowship из своего основного флота. 16 июля того же года начались первые полёты. Первоначальные рейсы выполнялись из Сурабаи на острове Ява в пункты назначения, не обслуживаемые основным флотом Garuda Indonesia: Джокьякарта (также на Яве); Баликпапан на острове Борнео и Таракан (Северный Калимантан), недалеко от побережья Борнео; а также Макассар на острове Сулавеси. К концу 2001 года Garuda передала Citilink пять самолетов F28. В 2004 году Citilink обслуживал десять направлений и Garuda начала заменять F28 на Boeing 737-300. В 2008 году Garuda временно приостановила деятельность Citilink, перезапустив бренд в январе 2009 года после замены оставшихся Fokker F28 более современными самолётами. В июле 2010 года Citilink выполняла рейсы на двух Boeing 737-300 и одном Boeing 737-400.

Примечания

Ссылки

 Official website

Авиакомпании Индонезии
Garuda Indonesia
Бюджетные авиакомпании

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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About your Host
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More about: SAGLRROILYBYGTH
New Book: Creationism USA
New Book: The SYSTEM
What Is a "Radical" Creationist?
What Is Life Like at Evangelical Colleges? Check out the series: Fundamentalist U & Me
What's this blog about?
Awkward Conversations about School and Society
All posts tagged Amy Wax
Which of These Professors Would You Fire?
We keep getting new ones every week. University professors—supposedly enjoying academic freedom—keep getting into trouble for offensive political speech. Sometimes they get fired or punished and sometimes they don't. How do administrators decide? It doesn't seem like it's about the politics.
The professor as activist: What will get you fired?
So today it's time for the latest bitter ILYBYGTH play-along: Can YOU match these professors with their punishments? [Only click on the links if you want to cheat.] [And be warned: These rants sometimes include offensive language.]
Case 1: Law-school professor with a history of racist-y statements declares (incorrectly) that very few black students are top in their class. The line that got her in the most trouble? "[O]ur country will be better off with more whites and fewer nonwhites."
Case 2: University professor rants on facebook about how much he hates white people. (He's white, by the way.) The troublesome lines: "I now hate white people. . . . I hereby resign from my race. Fuck these people. . . . Fuck you, too."
Case 3: Grad student instructor confronts a conservative undergrad. Stood in front of the undergrad's Turning Point USA table and shouted, ""Becky the neo-fascist, right here. Wants to destroy public schools, public universities. Hates DACA kids. . . . Fight white nationalism! Fight white supremacy!"
Case 4: Adjunct instructor declares his support for antifa and hints that he'd like to hit Trump with a baseball bat. Gets heat for declaring on facebook: "It's not pretty, and I'm not proud, but seeing what Evangelical Christians are doing to this country and its people fills me with rage, and a desire to exact revenge."
So how were these professors punished? Are left-wing professors protected? Are conservatives attacked? Not so much. It seems like the differences are more about whether or not the professor had tenure.
Can you match the cases above with the punishments below?
Punishment #1: Instructor is fired.
Punishment #2: Instructor is removed from teaching, but keeps her job. The university president calls her ideas "repugnant."
Punishment #3: Instructor is removed from teaching but keeps her job. University president privately apologizes to her for having to punish her.
Punishment #4: Instructor is fired, then un-fired. University calls his comments "offensive" and says they "violated university policy." However, on a re-think, the university decided that "No student or university employee has come forward to assert that [the instructor] has in some way penalized them for their race. . . . There is no evidence that he administered grades and conducted himself in class in a manner that reveals any racial bias on his part."
…so what do you think? Can you match the punishments with the cases? And, most intriguingly, do these cases reveal that conservative professors are punished more harshly than liberal ones? That mocking and belittling African Americans is a bigger crime on campus than threatening and insulting white people or evangelicals?
by Adam Laats on August 27, 2019 • Permalink
Posted in Higher (Power) Education, Schools in Black and White
Tagged Amy Wax, Courtney Lawton, James Livingston, Rutgers, Turning Point USA, University of Nebraska, University of Pennsylvania
Posted by Adam Laats on August 27, 2019
https://iloveyoubutyouregoingtohell.org/2019/08/27/which-of-these-professors-would-you-fire/
I Love You but You Didn't Do the Reading
Here are a few stories for your beach reading. What do the radical creationists say to the flat-earthers? What do politically liberal Christians say about Trumpism? Why do some conservatives think colleges have grown more racist? All that and more…
What do Christians have to say about "Christian Nationalism?" At RNS.
Christian nationalism demands Christianity be privileged by the State and implies that to be a good American, one must be Christian. It often overlaps with and provides cover for white supremacy and racial subjugation. We reject this damaging political ideology and invite our Christian brothers and sisters to join us in opposing this threat to our faith and to our nation.
Radical creationists resort to poetry to prove they aren't flat-earthers. At AIGKHB.
It's not just atheists arguing the Bible teaches a flat earth—it's some Christians, too, who've sadly fallen for flat-earth arguments and now believe that's what the Bible teaches. But does it?
No, it doesn't. Now, flat earthers will frequently bring up poetic passages, such as verses from Psalms or Job, and say those verses teach a flat earth because phrases like "ends of the earth" or references to a setting sun appear. But those passages are poetry—by definition poetry is filled with literary devices such as metaphors, similes, and figures of speech. The biblical text is meant to be interpreted naturally, according to the genre. And poetry is clearly intended to be understood within the context of abundant literary devices that are not meant to be taken so woodenly and literally (i.e., God does not literally lie us down in green pastures as per Psalm 23:2).
Guess what? Rich people have advantages in school. The latest non-surprise: Affluent students tend to get more time on tests. At NYT.
From Weston, Conn., to Mercer Island, Wash., word has spread on parenting message boards and in the stands at home games: A federal disability designation known as a 504 plan can help struggling students improve their grades and test scores. But the plans are not doled out equitably across the United States.
In the country's richest enclaves, where students already have greater access to private tutors and admissions coaches, the share of high school students with the designation is double the national average. In some communities, more than one in 10 students have one — up to seven times the rate nationwide, according to a New York Times analysis of federal data.
Race and Man at Yale. New conservative National Association of Scholars report critiques Yale's segregationist practices, at NR.
Yale's segregationist practices have been in place for a generation before today's students were born. Yet 40 years of neo-segregation seems to have increased, rather than decreased, racial resentment.
Is Professor Wax a "repugnant" racist? Or a perfect example of why we have tenure? It's both, at CHE.
Many have described Wax's case as a difficult test of academic freedom and its limitations. It's not. Tenure and academic freedom, as we currently understand them, were literally created in response to another prominent scholar's getting canned for making inflammatory statements on race and immigration.
Not keeping up with the Wax story? See the ILYBYGTH archives here, here, or (related "racist professor" post) here.
Florida man: No evolution in public schools, at FCS.
I won't support any evolution being taught as fact at all in any of our schools.
The GOP just got a little bit whiter. The last black Republican in the House of Reps is retiring, at NYT.
For white evangelicals, the question of "civility" in politics is…complicated. At RIP.
Remember John Allen Chau? The aggressive missionary killed last year at an isolated island in the Pacific? Outside Magazine offers a gripping new portrait.
John stuck to his belief that it was his duty to go to North Sentinel. The islanders were damned to "eternal fire" if they never heard the Gospel, and as an outdoorsman with a knack for making friends in new places, John was one of the few souls in Christendom who could save them. It felt ordained, John said, like God was calling him. Patrick [John's father] believed his son was deceiving himself. This wasn't just about helping the Sentinelese or obeying God. This was about John's Messiah complex. He described his son as a victim of fantasies, fanaticism, and extremism.
What is the nation's largest non-profit charter-school network up to? Moving from "no excuses" classrooms to "joyful" ones. At Chalkbeat.
Why do white reformers keep making the same mistakes about poor kids? The view from 1819 here at ILYBYGTH.
Did a recent commission mistake the causes of racial disparities in school discipline? One member says yes, at WE.
The commission purports to find, however, that "students of color as a whole, as well as by individual racial group, do not commit more disciplinable offenses than their white peers." According to the commission, they are simply punished more. Readers are left to imagine our schools are not just occasionally unfair, but rather astonishingly unfair on matters of discipline.
The report provides no evidence to support its sweeping assertion and, sadly, there is abundant evidence to the contrary. For example, the National Center for Education Statistics surveys high school students biennially. Since 1993, it has asked students whether they have been in a fight on school property over the past 12 months. The results have been consistent. In 2015, 12.6 percent of African-American students reported being in such a fight, while only 5.6 percent of white students did.
by Adam Laats on August 5, 2019 • Permalink
Posted in ICYMI
Tagged Amy Wax, Flat earth, John Allen Chau, Young earth creationism
Posted by Adam Laats on August 5, 2019
https://iloveyoubutyouregoingtohell.org/2019/08/05/i-love-you-but-you-didnt-do-the-reading-132/
Covering the bases this week: Stories about evangelical higher ed, campus free speech, megachurch abuse scandals, and more. Thanks to everyone who sent in stories and tips.
Liberty U student journalist condemns Falwell's "culture of fear," at WaPo.
What my team and I experienced at the Champion was not an isolated overreaction to embarrassing revelations. It was one example of an infrastructure of thought-control that Falwell and his lieutenants have introduced into every aspect of Liberty University life.
Liberty U comes from a long tradition of dictatorial evangelical leadership, here at ILYBYGTH.
Mr. Young's story from Liberty U is heart-wrenching, but it is not new. The dictatorial style of Jerry Falwell Jr. is not an innovation, but rather only a sad flowering of a poisonous fundamentalist flower.
More from Professor Amy Wax. The Penn Law professor is under fire again for "repugnant" statements, allegedly saying, "our country will be better off with more whites and fewer nonwhites." At IHE.
But calling something "repugnant" doesn't always work. Appeals court rules that UC San Diego has to reinstate "repugnant" student humor magazine, at IHE.
The joke's on…who?
An evangelical mega-church reopens after a sex-abuse scandal, at RNS.
[One victim] doesn't think there's anything church leaders can say to make the controversy go away. At least not yet.
"I'm just really feeling like they have one last chance kind of to make this right," she said.
New York's campaign against Hasidic schools raises tough questions, at EducationNext:
How much authority should the city and state have to impose the government's vision of an education on a religious minority that would prefer to be left alone? How much power should parents have to send their children to schools that emphasize religious subjects at the expense of topics such as science or math? Does society have a responsibility to ensure that all children receive an education that enables them to participate in democracy and the workplace? And who determines the answers to these questions—parents, politicians, courts, bureaucrats, advocacy groups, or some complicated combination thereof?
Growing up Helter Skelter: LAT interview with the son of Charles Manson.
From the not-learning-our-lesson department: Feds release series of anti-vaping videos, at CNN.
A peek into the ugly politics of school funding. Ohio governor vetoes a last-minute sneaky provision to save rich Clevelanders from paying high school taxes, at Cleveland.com.
Michigan school principal sues district for "anti-white" discrimination, at MLIVE.
Blick's lawsuit alleges that Ann Arbor school district officials "maintain a custom, policy and practice of: treating Caucasian and nonminority administrators disparately and less favorably than similarly situated African-American and minority administrators; subjecting Caucasian and nonminority administrators to hostility and harassment in the workplace based on their race; accelerating the promotion and advancement of African-American and minority administrators at the expense, and to the detriment, of Caucasian and nonminority administrators."
by Adam Laats on July 29, 2019 • Permalink
Tagged Amy Wax, Charles Manson, Hasidism, Liberty University, Racism, School funding, Will E Young
Posted by Adam Laats on July 29, 2019
When "Repugnant" Isn't Enough
Professor Wax is out. But The Koala is back in. Two campus free-speech cases this week went in different directions, but for some reason they both harp on the same unusual word. It leads to some questions: Does student speech deserve more or less freedom than faculty speech? And does serious speech need more policing than humor?
Here's what we know: Inside Higher Ed has reported that Professor Amy Wax of Penn Law has been condemned by her school for alleged statements at a recent conservatism conference. According to one reporter, Prof. Wax said,
our country will be better off with more whites and fewer nonwhites.
The Penn Law community reacted with outrage. Wax's dean said her comments were
repugnant to [our] core values and institutional practices.
Meanwhile, across the country at the University of California—San Diego, a student group has successfully sued for having its humor magazine kicked off campus. Back in 2015, The Koala came under fire for its satiric article about the university's new "Dangerous Space on Campus." The article used the "n-word" and referred to violent sex acts.
The administration denounced The Koala, calling it
profoundly repugnant, repulsive, attacking and cruel.
After a few legal back-and-forths, though, The Koala has triumphed. An appeals court ruled that the university could not set up a competition for student funds, then ban only one publication from the competition.
The two cases lead us to a few questions this morning:
1.) Should universities have different rules about free speech for students and professors?
2.) Does offensive language deserve more protection when it is used satirically?
3.) And finally, is the word "repugnant" ever used in any other context? Why is it so popular among campus condemnations?
Posted in Higher (Power) Education, In the News
Tagged Amy Wax, Campus free speech, Racism, The Koala
https://iloveyoubutyouregoingtohell.org/2019/07/25/when-repugnant-isnt-enough/
Can This Professor Be Racist?
Should he stay or should he go? The alt-right has been howling for James Livingston's professional blood. Rutgers seems willing to punish him. Is this a case of academic racism? Or of academic freedom? I know there are no simple equivalencies among different sorts of racism, but it seems to me we DO have a relevant precedent for this case.
Rude, yes. Racist?
Here's what we know: History professor James Livingston attracted a lot of negative attention for his anti-white screeds on Facebook. He railed against white people for their sense of entitlement and their arrogant ignorance. As he put it,
OK, officially, I now hate white people. I am a white people, for God's sake, but can we keep them — us — us out of my neighborhood? I just went to Harlem Shake on 124 and Lenox for a Classic burger to go, that would be my dinner, and the place is overrun by little Caucasian assholes who know their parents will approve of anything they do. Slide around the floor, you little shithead, sing loudly, you unlikely moron. Do what you want, nobody here is gonna restrict your right to be white. I hereby resign from my race. Fuck these people. Yeah, I know, it's about my access to dinner. Fuck you, too.
And, in a later post,
I just don't want little Caucasians overrunning my life, as they did last night. Please God, remand them to the suburbs, where they and their parents can colonize every restaurant, all the while pretending that the idiotic indulgence of their privilege signifies cosmopolitan–you know, as in sophisticated "European"–commitments.
Is this racism? And therefore cause for dismissal? Livingston says no. He defended his comments as partly satirical, partly ridiculous, but also non-racist. There is no such thing as anti-white racism, Livingston explained. As he put it,
Racism is the exclusive property of white, mostly European people in this part of the world (the western hemisphere), because such people were able to impose their will on 9 million Africans via a labor system called slavery, and benefit from the economic and social capital of that system unto this day—regardless of their class standing, then or now.
Rutgers disagreed. The administration concluded that Livingston's comments violated the university's discrimination and harassment policies and damaged the university's reputation. As the administration explained,
Professor Livingston clearly was on notice that his words were offensive, yet instead of clarifying that he meant to comment on gentrification, he chose to make another belligerent barb against whites. Given Professor Livingston's insistence on making disparaging racial comments, a reasonable student may have concerns that he or she would be stigmatized in his classes because of his or her race. As such, Professor Livingston's comments violated university policy.
What to do? Can the university fire a tenured professor for offensive comments? Rutgers says yes. The administration announced it will soon decide the proper disciplinary action, up to and including discharge. Will Creeley of Foundation for Individual Rights in Education (FIRE) says no. As he told IHE,
Rutgers has effectively subcontracted out its obligations as a public institution under the First Amendment to outraged internet mobs. . . . The real concern for us is that this is part of a trend, and if would-be internet trolls see that flooding universities with hate mail and being loud online is a successful way to silence faculty members whose views they disagree with, that will be repeated.
How can this baby be successfully cut in half? How can an academic's right to freedom of thought and expression be balanced with a university's duty to protect its reputation and its students from angry professors?
To this reporter, it seems like we've been here before. Rutgers could follow the example of Penn last year. SAGLRROILYBYGTH might remember the case of law-school professor Amy Wax. Wax had already attracted negative attention for her recommendation of "bourgeois culture." In a radio interview, Wax noted that she hadn't had any top-notch African American students in her class. People were outraged.
What did Penn do? They didn't fire Wax. They defended her right to academic freedom. But they DID remove her from teaching a mandatory class. It would not be fair to force students to take a class from a professor that had such pre-conceived notions about racial disparities, they concluded.
Could Rutgers do something like that here? As the Rutgers administration noted, students were leery of taking a class from Professor Livingston, who clearly has preconceived notions discriminatory against white people. So just have Livingston teach optional courses. Make a public statement condemning his attitudes but defending his right to speak them publicly.
Would that be a fair solution in this case?
Posted in Higher (Power) Education, In the News, Schools in Black and White
Tagged Academic freedom, Amy Wax, James Livingston, Racism, Rutgers
https://iloveyoubutyouregoingtohell.org/2018/08/23/can-this-professor-be-racist/
Welcome to your weekly round-up of ILYBYGTH-themed stories from around the interwebs. Thanks to everyone who sent in tips.
Nun in the huddle! Sister Jean and March Madness, at NYT. HT: DW.
My kind of Calvinism…
White evangelicalism—the church of the "slave state," at Forbes. [Editor's note: The original Forbes article was taken down as "way out of bounds," but the text is still available at this new link. Thanks to alert reader for pointing it out.]
How did white evangelical colleges shift toward racism in the North? At ILYBYGTH.
Don't have your copy of Fundamentalist U yet?
Now you can read a preview author interview at Inside Higher Ed.
And you can put your name in for a free copy at Goodreads.
Campus cults and "passion plays:" "War on Cops" author Heather MacDonald talks with "What's Happened to the University" author Frank Furedi at CJ.
What do college students think about free speech on campus? New poll numbers at KF.
What does Queen Betsy think? A tough interview at 60 Minutes.
Her goofs listed at WaPo.
Peter Greene thinks she's not dumb, just evil. At Curmudgucation.
Colbert rips her a new one: HT: MM
Creationist Ken Ham praises the Oklahoma university that welcomed his lecture—see his op-ed at KHB.
The view from Greenville: An instructor at Bob Jones U explains why he voted Trump, at HNN.
Dripping Wax: Professor Amy Wax suspended from teaching mandatory class after latest disparaging racial remarks. At IHE.
Why we think Wax should have her say, from the ILYBYGTH archives.
Is the Museum of the Bible just an evangelical missionary outfit "masquerad[ing] as an educational institution"? That's the charge at R&P.
How does this story illustrate the dilemma of the fundamentalist intellectual? My two cents at ILYBYGTH.
Teacher pay and underpay: Check your state at Vox.
Students who walk out should be punished. So says Daniel Willingham. HT: XX
Too close for comfort? Ben Carson's aide chummy with secretive religious charity, at the Guardian. HT: LC.
by Adam Laats on March 19, 2018 • Permalink
Posted in ICYMI, In the News
Tagged Amy Wax, Ben Carson, Betsy Devos, Bob Jones University, Campus free speech, Daniel Willingham, evangelicalism, Frank Furedi, Fundamentalist U, Heather MacDonald, Ken Ham, Museum of the Bible, Racism, School Shootings
Posted by Adam Laats on March 19, 2018
https://iloveyoubutyouregoingtohell.org/2018/03/19/i-love-you-but-you-didnt-do-the-reading-61/
How Schools Can Save America
How can schools save America? The answer is clear, but nobody wants to hear it. New research piles on more evidence that our deeply cherished notions about schooling and social fairness just don't match reality.
If a tree grew in the forest and there was no one around to hear it, could it still serve as an awkward metaphor?
Try it yourself: Whatever your politics, don't you think every kid deserves a good education? I do. And part of the reason is because a good education can help children secure better jobs. For children from low-income homes, those jobs can pull families out of poverty into the middle class.
It's not just a myth. We all know people for whom this story has proven true. Like a lot of people in the aftermath of World War II, my father came to this country with nothing. Because he went to good, free public schools in New York City, including City College of New York, he was able to become an electrical engineer and send me to college, too.
As Rachel Cohen describes in the new Atlantic, however, research from Berkeley's Jesse Rothstein suggests that these rags-to-richer-through-school stories are not the norm. As Rothstein describes,
There is thus little evidence that differences in the quality of K-12 schooling are a key mechanism driving variation in intergenerational mobility.
For people like me, this conclusion is hard to hear. We go into teaching and education, after all, because we hope to contribute our mite to making the world a better place. We work hard with kids from lower-income homes to help them succeed in school and get into and through college. And we do it all in the hopes that students might be able to get good jobs. Long term, we hope today's striving students will build tomorrow's stable, prosperous communities.
Is it all a myth?
According to Rothstein, factors besides formal education have more to do with economic mobility. As he concludes,
most of the variation in CZ ["commuting zones"] income mobility reflects (a) differences in marriage patterns, which affect income transmission when spousal earnings are counted in children's income; (b) differences in labor market returns to education; and (c) differences in children's earnings residuals, after controlling for observed skills and the CZ-level return to skill.
In other words, good schools can help people move up, but they're not the main factor. More important factors include the number of single-parent families in a neighborhood, the availability of jobs, the presence of unions, and hiring discrimination.
No doubt we'll be able to have some unproductive culture-war shouting matches over these findings. Cultural conservatives will point to the importance of traditional marriage patterns. As Professor Amy Wax did recently, they might urge people to embrace "bourgeois culture" as a ticket out of poverty.
Progressive types like me will underline the primary importance of non-discriminatory hiring practices and strong unions.
All of us, though, will probably miss the central point. Focusing on school reform instead of social reform is backwards. We might think of this as the "birch-on-boulder" dilemma. Around these parts, a five-minute walk in the woods will show you plenty of examples of bold birch trees growing out of big boulders. The tree's roots heroically scramble to reach scanty soil. Even though the baby trees started on top of rocks, they were able to somehow overcome those conditions and grow up tall and strong.
There is no doubt that some trees can thrive even in the most difficult conditions. If we want to grow trees, however, we wouldn't plant all of them on top of boulders and offer some of them a little more soil or fertilizer. Instead, we would start by clearing out the boulders, preparing rich soil beds for all the trees.
Similarly, if we want to help young people rise above their difficult social conditions, we shouldn't just put a few more computers in a couple of schools or tinker with a couple of difficult-to-find programs that might help a few students get an advantage in their educations. Instead, we need to make it so that all students have good conditions for growth. We need to clear away the "boulders" of hiring discrimination, job deserts, weak unions, and reduced family resources.
In the end, we face a sobering answer to the question. How can schools save America? They can't. At least not by themselves.
by Adam Laats on October 1, 2017 • Permalink
Posted in school reform
Tagged Amy Wax, Jesse Rothstein, poverty, Rachel M. Cohen, school reform
Posted by Adam Laats on October 1, 2017
https://iloveyoubutyouregoingtohell.org/2017/10/01/how-schools-can-save-america/
We Need More Wax in America's Ears
Jonathan Zimmerman says let her talk. When we defend academic speech we disagree with, we defend ALL academic speech. Jonathan Haidt says let her talk, because she's right. Stable marriages and "bourgeois culture," Haidt agrees, really do help people improve their economic conditions. We here at ILYBYGTH want Professor Wax to have her say for different reasons. In short, we think we won't be able to truly reform public education until we do. We'll make our case this morning and we're going for bonus points by working in both creationism and the Green Bay Packers.
I don't think St. Aaron attended Penn Law…
If you haven't been following the frouforole emanating out of Philadelphia, here it is in a nutshell: Professor Amy Wax of Penn Law and Professor Larry Alexander of UCLA penned a provocative piece at Philly.com. If we really want to ease the burdens of poverty, they reasoned, we should encourage more people to embrace "bourgeois culture." Such ideas have gotten a bum rap, Wax and Alexander said, but the notions of deferred gratification, stable two-parent households, and patriotic clean living are of enormous economic value.
The outcry was loud and predictable. Penn students rallied to shut down such "white supremacist" notions. Wax's colleagues denounced her ideas in more nuanced form.
Any progressive historians in the room surely share Professor Zimmerman's concern. After all, when academic speech has been banned and persecuted in this country, it has been progressive and leftist scholars who have borne the brunt of such punishment.
There is a more important reason to allow and encourage a frank and open airing of Professor Wax's arguments. As recent polls have reminded us, Americans in general are profoundly divided about the meaning of poverty. For argument's sake, we might say there are two general sides. Lots of us think that the most important cause of poverty is a social system that defends its own built-in hierarchies. Rich people stay rich and poor people stay poor. Lots of other people disagree. Many Americans tend to blame individuals for their poverty, to assume that personal characteristics such as grit and gumption are enough to solve the problem of poverty.
Professor Wax's argument tends to support the latter view. And if you disagree with her, you might be tempted to try to shut her down.
That's a mistake.
Why? Because her arguments just don't hold water. And because the more often we can get discussions of poverty on the front pages, the more chances we'll have to make better arguments, to explain that America's anxiously held Horatio-Alger notions don't match reality.
In other words, when it comes to tackling the problem of poverty in America, the biggest challenge is that people simply don't want to talk about it. They want to rest in their comfortable assumptions that the system is fundamentally fair even if some people don't have what it takes to get ahead.
I'm convinced that the truth is different. Personal characteristics matter, of course. Far more important, however, is the whole picture—the social system that puts some kids on a smooth escalator to riches and others in a deep economic pit with a broken ladder.
Because I'm convinced that the best social-science evidence supports my position, I want to hear more from people like Professor Wax. I want to encourage people who disagree to make their cases in the front pages of every newspaper in the country.
Sound nutty? Consider a couple of examples from near and far.
Radical creationists like Ken Ham want to protect children from the idea of evolution. They fear, in short, that students who hear the evidence for evolution will find it convincing. With a few prominent exceptions, radical creationists want to cut evolution from textbooks and inoculate students against evolution's powerful intellectual allure.
Those of us who want to help children learn more and better science should welcome every chance to put the evidence for mainstream evolutionary theory up against the evidence for radical young-earth creationism. Mainstream science should never try to shut down dissident creationist science. That's counter-productive. Rather, mainstream science should encourage frank and open discussions, knowing that exposure to the arguments on both sides will convince more and more people of the power of mainstream thinking.
Or, for my Wisconsin friends, consider another example.
If a Bears fan wants to clamber up on the bar and insist that her team is better than the Packers, it would be the height of folly to try to stop her from speaking her piece. Those of us who know the true saving grace of St. Aaron will instead happily let her slur through her argument, smiling and waiting for Thursday night. The more games we play, the more often the Packers will win.
When the evidence is on our side, it is always better to encourage all the debate we can get.
by Adam Laats on September 14, 2017 • Permalink
Posted in Evolution/Creation, Higher (Power) Education, In the News, school reform, Schools in Black and White
Tagged Amy Wax, Creationism, Jonathan Haidt, Jonathan Zimmerman, Ken Ham, Larry Alexander, poverty, school reform
Posted by Adam Laats on September 14, 2017
https://iloveyoubutyouregoingtohell.org/2017/09/14/we-need-more-wax-in-americas-ears/
Believe it or not, Labor Day is already here. Time to put away those white shoes, fellows. It has been a hectic last week of summer here at ILYBYGTH. Here are a few stories of interest that you may have missed:
Are some cultures better than others?
Law professors Amy Wax and Larry Alexander say that "all cultures are not equal."
Penn students and some of Wax's colleagues condemn her.
Jonathan Haidt defends her.
What does any of this have to do with school reform? The ILYBYGTH take.
Love means never having to say you're sorry: Trump pardons Sheriff Joe Arpaio.
At The Gospel Coalition, an open letter from Christian scholars denouncing racism.
Are white evangelicals more racist than Christian?
Randall Balmer says yes.
Mark Labberton of Fuller Seminary says yes but they can change.
The relevant ILYBYGTH archives:
Finding racism among white evangelicals is not the full answer to the question but rather only the first answer.
White American evangelicals—as a group but not necessarily as individuals—have always tended to be prone to the same racist assumptions as white American non-evangelicals. But so have African American evangelicals. And the question of racism is only a symptom of the fact that white American evangelicals have often put their American-ness and their white-ness above their evangelical-ness. Consider the cases of Randy Beckum and the tradition of love-it-or-leave-it patriotism at evangelical colleges.
The problem with "privilege." Jeffrey K. Mann wants us to look beyond race and gender.
What happened to all the Christian bookstores?
Yes, you read it correctly: Reese Witherspoon will be playing the role of a defector from the "God-Hates-Fags" Westboro Baptist Church.
Where are all the sinister atheists who are trying to undermine Christian America? The Trollingers couldn't find them at the American Atheists Convention, from Righting America at the Creation Museum.
Family sues NYC schools over their son's "gender expansive" preference for dresses. The school accused the parents of sexual abuse.
Vouchers and stealth vouchers: The Progressive offers a guide to the wild and woolly world of public-school funding options.
What should conservative evangelicals think about gender and sexuality?
One group of intellectuals issued a new Nashville Statement. They are "persuaded that faithfulness in our generation means declaring once again the true story of the world and of our place in it—particularly as male and female."
Neo-Benedictine Rod Dreher loves
Not every conservative pundit does. Matthew Lee Anderson won't sign.
Some progressive evangelicals have offered a counter-statement.
And Pietist Schoolman Chris Gehrz has offered his own thoughts on this "theology for the age of Trump."
Only in New York: A Brooklyn school principal accused of recruiting her students into the communist movement.
by Adam Laats on September 4, 2017 • Permalink
Tagged American Atheists Convention, Amy Wax, Chris Gehrz, evangelicalism, Jeffrey K. Mann, Joe Arpaio, Jonathan Haidt, Larry Alexander, Mark Labberton, Matthew Lee Anderson, Nashville Statement, Racism, Randall Balmer, Righting America at the Creation Museum, Rod Dreher, Trump, Westboro Baptist Church
Posted by Adam Laats on September 4, 2017
The Real Reason We Can't Fix Our Schools
We all know public schools are not all equal. Rich kids get meticulous college-prep educations. Poor kids are often stuck in crumbling schools with shoddy expectations. Why haven't we been able to fix this problem? We get a clue this week from an unlikely source. It underlines an unpopular argument I've been making for a while now: in spite of decades of "progressive" reform, our public education system is dominated by deeply conservative assumptions.
Do your local public schools look like this…
This week, our already-fractured academic world was thrown another culture-war bone to chew on by law professors Amy Wax (Penn) and Larry Alexander (UCLA). Writing at Philly.com, the two scholars articulated the unpopular idea that some cultures were better suited for modern American life than others. To help people in poverty, society should encourage them to live more stable personal lives, more in line with "bourgeois" culture.
Penn students and alumni condemned the essay as part of the culture of white supremacism. Some of Wax's colleagues "categorically reject[ed] her claims."
What does any of this have to do with school reform? A lot.
We don't need to support or condemn Wax and Alexander in order to understand this. (Although, full disclosure, I personally put their argument in the same unfortunate category as James Damore's Google goof. They twist social-science research to suit their own already-convinced positions. They play the provocateur merely to gain attention and they don't mind articulating atrocious ideas in order to do so.)
….or more like this?
The point here is not whether or not Wax and Alexander are bold speakers of truth—as Jonathan Haidt has argued—or self-inflated stalking-horses for white supremacy.
The point, rather, is that this dust-up among elite academics shows the real reason why school reform is so difficult. It is not because we Americans are unwilling to invest in public education. As recent headlines from New York City have shown, we often have put bajillions of dollars into efforts to improve schools for students from low-income families.
As the case of the Wax/Alexander letter shows, the real reason we can't fix public education is because we find it impossible to talk reasonably about poverty. Americans in general can't even agree on the meaning of poverty. Some people think poverty is mainly due to personal failings. Others see the reason as structural inequality.
As a result, we talk instead about fixing schools so that poverty will be magically eliminated. Instead of talking about reforming society so that fewer students in public schools come from low-income families, we reverse the discussion. We talk about fixing schools so that more students from low-income families will get ahead in life.
In effect, our centuries-long strategy to avoid discussions of social reform by investing instead in school reform shows how deeply conservative our fundamental assumptions about schooling have always been. Instead of fixing society to eliminate poverty, we try to fix schools so that individual people might get a chance to escape poverty. Instead of directly addressing the third-rail topic of poverty in America, we sidestep the issue by making a few schools a little better.
The assumption is so deeply embedded in American culture that it is rarely noticed, let alone addressed. As long as kids from low-income families have access to a decent public school—the assumption goes—it is their own darn fault if they don't improve their economic future. So money goes into shiny programs to make schools for low-income students a little better here and there, instead of going into programs that would change the fundamentally inequal structure of society itself.
SAGLRROILYBYGTH are sick of hearing it, but I have to say it again. At the root of our endless failure to reform public schools is our endless failure to address the real problem. Schools can't fix society, schools ARE society.
Posted in In the News
Tagged Amy Wax, Educational Conservatism, Jonathan Haidt, Larry Alexander, poverty, Racism, school reform
https://iloveyoubutyouregoingtohell.org/2017/09/03/the-real-reason-we-cant-fix-our-schools/
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Of course historians should be talking about politics. History itself makes the case. In this case, the history of creationism can teach us a thing or two, at Washington Post.
Why would a Christian creationist tell kids to cheat? At Righting America.
How do we know Betsy DeVos plan for public education won't work? Because we've tried it before. My view from the archives at The Washington Post
Teachers! Surprised at the recalcitrance of administrators? Don't be: the first generation of public-school administrators tried to force their teachers to work without pay. The lesson from the archives at History News Network.
Why Christian schools can't defend anti-LGBTQ policies as merely "historic Christianity," at Washington Post
What's wrong with dunking on D'Souza? Lessons from the history of creationism at History News Network.
The CCCU might not like to admit it, but Liberty University is fulfilling their oldest, fondest dreams. My piece at HNN.
What should non-evangelicals think about evangelical higher education? Listen to my interview with Friendly Atheist Hemant Mehta for a few ideas…
Professor Barry Hankins on Fundamentalist U, family feuds, and Wrestlemania in Christianity Today
Naomi Schaefer Riley in WSJ: Fundamentalist U is "a fascinating and careful history."
A talk about Fundamentalist U with Prof. Andrea Turpin at Religion in American History
Why would conservative Liberty University invite liberal Jimmy Carter to give its commencement speech this year? My two cents at The Conversation.
Fundamentalist U: "An invaluable introduction to the esoteric world of Christian higher education." So says John Compton in the Los Angeles Review of Books.
Why are evangelical colleges so interesting? Read an author interview at Religion & Politics
Why are anonymous newsletters so controversial at evangelical colleges? An historical perspective on Taylor at Righting America at the Creation Museum
Why should YOU care about evangelical higher education? Listen to an author interview at Phoenix's KJZZ to hear my answer.
Fundamentalist U in the Chronicle of Higher Education
Why Fundamentalist U? See the author interview at Inside Higher Ed.
Bastions of Trumpism? Or citadels of lefty evangelicalism? How about both? At Religion Dispatches, I make the case that evangelical colleges have always had a complicated relationship to political conservatism.
How does a non-evangelical historian end up writing about evangelical institutions? A Q&A about Fundamentalist U at Righting America at the Creation Museum
Why Are We So Angry about History? at History News Network
I don't know how she knew Harvey is short, too, but in a recent review in Historical Studies in Education, Victoria Cain calls our book "A case study in how to write smart and short."
Will new campus free-speech laws help calm down campuses? Not a chance. I make a case from 1920s precedent at History News Network
Is Trump fulfilling conservative dreams? Not exactly. See my piece at Newsweek.
Cedarville University demands purity in its classrooms. Is this something new or just the newest version of something old? I make my case at Righting America at the Creation Museum.
Do you need to read TECN? Read Professor Amy Lark's review in American Biology Teacher to find out….
Read Princeton historian Kevin Kruse's review of The Other School Reformers in The Journal of American History
Why did Wheaton fire Larycia Hawkins? My two cents at History News Network and the Chicago Sun-Times
Why should progressives study conservative school reformers? Read Dr. Andrew Petto's review of The Other School Reformers to find out!
What are people saying about The Other School Reformers? Read Mike Wakeford's review at the Society for US Intellectual History blog
GOP Politics and the Educational F-word, at History News Network and Time
Podcast with John J. Miller of National Review about The Other School Reformers: What does it mean to be an "educational conservative?"
Is the Common Core "Conservative?" in the Albany Times-Union
"Saving Progressive Education from Itself," in Education Week
"The Missionary Supposition: Evolution Education and Creationist Culture," in Reports of the National Center for Science Education
"To Teach Evolution, You Have To Understand Creationists," at the Chronicle of Higher Education
"The Real Wall of Separation in Public Schools," at the Washington Post's Answer Sheet education blog
"Does David Barton's Flameout Make This a Scopes Moment for American History?" History News Network
'"Surely You're Joking, Mr. Huckabee," Creationism in Historical Perspective:' Adam Laats at EVoS, November, 2011
Now in paperback: Adam Laats, Fundamentalism and Education in the Scopes Era: God, Darwin, and the Roots of America's Culture Wars
"Why Do Conservative Southerners Loudly Insist that Kids Be Taught Lies about the Civil War?" History News Network
"Kids Are Learning to be Leftists in Public Schools by Historians with an Ax to Grind?" History News Network
Adam Shapiro at Trying Biology
Americans United for the Separation of Church and State
Answers in Genesis Creation Museum
Council for Basic Education
Cultural Cognition
Daniel Silliman's Blog
Daniel Willingham: Science and Education
John Fea's Way of Improvement Leads Home
Larry Cuban on School Reform
Milton Gaither's Homeschooling Research Notes
Peter Greene's Curmudgucation
Righting America at the Creation Museum
Sam Blumenfeld's Alpha-Phonics
Stuff Fundies Like
TalkOrigins Archive
The Friedman Foundation for Educational Choice
The Pietist Schoolman
Us & Them: Trey Kay explores the Culture Wars
Abortion American Legion Answers in Genesis atheism Betsy Devos Bible Bill Nye Biola University BioLogos Bob Jones University Bryan College Campus free speech catholicism Charter Schools Christian Colleges Common Core State Standards Conservatism Creationism Creation Museum Culture Wars David Long Dinesh D'Souza Educational Conservatism Eric Plutzer evangelical higher education evangelicalism Evolution Evolution education fundamentalism Fundamentalist U Gordon College Henry Morris Heritage Foundation higher education History education homeschooling homosexuality Intelligent Design Jerry Coyne Jerry Falwell Jr. John Fea Jonathan Zimmerman Joseph Lancaster Ken Ham Larry Cuban LGBTQ Liberty University Max Rafferty Mel and Norma Gabler Michael Berkman Moody Bible Institute National Center for Science Education Peter Greene Progressive Education Public Education public schools Racism Richard Dawkins Rod Dreher Ronald Numbers same-sex marriage School Prayer school reform Science Segregation sex education Teacher strikes Teachers Unions Textbooks traditional education traditionalist education Trump Wheaton College William Jennings Bryan Young earth creationism
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text:
Protein tyrosine phosphatase ?-deficient mice show aberrant cytoarchitecture and structural abnormalities in the central nervous system Academic Article
Protein tyrosine phosphatase sigma (PTPsigma) is a member of the LAR family of receptor tyrosine phosphatases and is highly expressed in the nervous system during development. PTPsigma is homologous to the Drosophila DLAR, which plays a key role in the targeting of axonal growth cones in flies. We have previously inactivated the Ptprs gene in mice and demonstrated stunted growth, developmental delays, and neurological and neuroendocrine defects in the PTPsigma null animals. Here, we mapped the expression of the lac-Z reporter gene included in the knockout cassette and surveyed the development of the CNS in these mice after birth. The strongest expression of beta-galactosidase (PTPsigma) was observed in the hippocampus, cerebral cortex, olfactory bulbs, and subependymal layer. Our analysis reveals hippocampal dysgenesis, reductions in the thickness of the corpus callosum and the cerebral cortex, and late expression of the growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) in the knockout animals. Architectural abnormalities in the brain and spinal cord were confirmed by immunoreactivity to neurofilament and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) antibodies. Several of these neural abnormalities were corrected with age, suggesting a delay in neurological development related to the knockout of the Ptprs gene. These data suggest that PTPsigma is likely involved in neurogenesis, axonal growth, and axonal pathfinding in the maturation of the mammalian CNS.
Meathrel, Karen
Adamek, Tamara
Batt, Jane
Rotin, Daniela
Doering, Laurie Caley
1109 Neurosciences (FoR)
Agenesis of Corpus Callosum (MeSH)
Animals, Newborn (MeSH)
Brain (MeSH)
Cerebellum (MeSH)
Cerebral Cortex (MeSH)
Corpus Callosum (MeSH)
Genes, Reporter (MeSH)
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (MeSH)
Hippocampus (MeSH)
Immunohistochemistry (MeSH)
Mice (MeSH)
Mice, Knockout (MeSH)
Nerve Growth Factors (MeSH)
Neurofilament Proteins (MeSH)
Neurology & Neurosurgery (Science Metrix)
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases (MeSH)
Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 2 (MeSH)
Spinal Cord (MeSH)
beta-Galactosidase (MeSH)
Journal of Neuroscience Research Journal
Agenesis of Corpus Callosum
Animals, Newborn
Cerebellum
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
Nerve Growth Factors
Neurofilament Proteins
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases
Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 2
beta-Galactosidase
10.1002/jnr.10382


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The Challenger 850 CS derives from Canadair's Regional Jet series. The regional jet featured greater cabin space and wingspan as well as a sturdier frame. Rebranded in 2003, the airliner became the Bombardier Challenger 850. As a result, the 850 fuses the capabilities of a larger aircraft with the comfort and flexibility of an executive jet.
The Challenger 850 ELR derives from Canadair's Regional Jet series. The regional jet featured greater cabin space and wingspan as well as a sturdier frame. Rebranded in 2003, the airliner became the Bombardier Challenger 850. As a result, the 850 fuses the capabilities of a larger aircraft with the comfort and flexibility of an executive jet.
The Challenger 870 CS derives from Canadair's Regional Jet series, having all of the space and performance capabilities of an airliner at the cost of a turboprop. Rebranded in 2003, the airliner became the Bombardier Challenger 850 CS and 870 CS. As an "extended" version of the 850, the 870 offers more interior space, a redesigned wing and improved landing gear just to name a few.
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At the time of the Global 5000's release, Bombardier called the Global 5000 "the world's fastest" ultra-long range private jet. It is designed to be slightly smaller and faster than the Global Express, for those that value reliability and speed, without using the extensive range capabilities of the Express. It can fly eight passengers and three crew members 4,800 nautical miles nonstop at a speed of .85 Mach. It is impressive in its speed, cabin size, and reliability.
The Global Express was the pioneer of ultra-long-range private jets. At the time of its release, no other private jet had a cabin nearly as large, nor could any jet make such long-range direct flights like New York to Tokyo or Paris to Singapore. The Global Express offers everything an airliner does – range, comfort, and speed –- without the hassle.
Bombardier improved its already successful Global Express when it introduced the upgraded XRS in 2003. The Global Express XRS bears all of the qualities of its ultra long-range older sibling, but with greater range and a modified design. With significant improvements, it's no surprise that the XRS replaced the original Express in 2005.
The Gulfstream 350 is the next in line of business jet after the successful 300. However, the 350 is more similar in interior features, aerodynamic design and advanced cockpit to its superior counterpart, the Gulfstream 450. The only difference between the jets is range: the 350's range is 3,797 nautical miles while the 450's is 4,349 nm.
The Gulfstream 400 has been a central figure in the large-cabin private jet lineup since its introduction to the market, and the Gulfstream 450 lives up to its standards. It can fly eight passengers and three crew members from Tokyo to Seattle at a speed of .80 Mach. Everything from its engines to its flight control systems are high-performing and reliable.
Also known as the famous GV, the Gulfstream 500 is that last of a long lineage of business jets, starting with the Gulfstream I. Only the fuselage's cross-section remains the same, as the GV is a result of many revisions and redesigns to fill the gap for a larger, intercontinental range executive aircraft. A longer fuselage, modified wing and new engines are the most noteworthy changes. The GV was certified in 1996 and redesignated the G500 in 2003.
Gulfstream is one of the most successful and well-recognized private jet manufacturers and the leader in large-cabin jets. Their aircraft has received exceptional reviews for many years. The Gulfstream G550, an ultra-long range, intercontinental jet, is the vastly improved iteration of Gulfstream's well-known GV. It can fly faster, farther, simpler and with more room than its counterpart. Gulfstream created the G550 to combat tough competition in the heavy-iron category in the 1990's.
As the fourth installation in the Gulfstream family line, the GIV offers new advancements that the former aircraft lacked. One of the most significant improvements is the change of engines from the Rolls-Royce Spey to the Rolls-Royce Tay Mk 611-8, used in later jets including the G300 and 400. The successful intercontinental-range business jet has been a prototype for later Gulfstream models.
As the fourth installation in the Gulfstream family line, the GIV offers new advancements that the former aircraft lacked. One of the most significant improvements is the change of engines from the Rolls-Royce Spey to the Rolls-Royce Tay Mk 611-8, used in later jets including the G300 and 400. The successful intercontinental-range business jet has been a prototype for later Gulfstream models. While the GIV's maximum takeoff weight has increased from predecessors.
The Gulfstream 500 (or Gulfstream V) was the first contender in the ultra-long-range private jet category. It is capable of flying anywhere in the world: nonstop flights from Denver to Beijing or from New Zealand to San Francisco. It is extremely reliable and high-performing. The ultra-long-range private jet class is a very exclusive and competitive one in which the Gulfstream V competes well.
When an aircraft manufacturer introduces a new model, it is most likely an improved version of the predecessor. There is no better example than the Dassault Falcon 7X; it flies higher, farther and faster than any of its predecessors. Delivered in 2007, the Falcon 7X outperforms similar aircraft in its class, due in large part to a new engine and complete redesign.


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Critical Thinking : Databases
A philosophical approach to thinking.
Branches of Philosophy
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Core Databases
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eBook, Audio, and Video Sites
Academic Search Complete
EBSCOhost. Our largest interdisciplinary database containing full-text and bibliographic content from a wide range of academic disciplines.
America History & Life (abstracts only)
EBSCOhost.An annotated bibliography focusing on the history of the United States and Canada from prehistory to the present. Includes article abstracts, reviews, and citations to dissertations.
ATLA Digital Library
The Atla Digital Library brings together in a singular, searchable platform digitized collections from libraries, religious institutions, and other organizations worldwide who collect and preserve texts, records, maps, photographs, recordings, and other materials in religion and theology.
Humanities International Complete
EBSCOhost. Full text of over 1,200 journals and eBooks, as well as indexing for over 2,300 journals. Includes all data from the Humanities International Index.
Modern World History (Infobase)
Encyclopedia and book chapters, biographies, images, videos, and slideshows, maps and graphs, primary sources, and timelines from the mid-15th century to the present. Includes suggested research topics, Pro/Con articles, modern history themes, and K-12 education lesson plans.
Credo Reference eBooks
Full-text reference eBooks, images, audio & video files, real-time research on controversial issues, and pro/con arguments. Includes special tools such as a Mind Map, topic search, and image search.
Opposing Viewpoints (Gale)
Provides pro and con articles providing in-depth information for all sides of controversial current topics. The database contains primary documents, topic overviews, and statistics. This is a good place to find supporting arguments for speeches, papers, and debates.
EBSCOhost. Designed to assist researchers in understanding the full scope of controversial subjects. Can be used as guide to debating, developing arguments, writing position papers, and developing critical thinking skills. Includes thousands of supporting articles from political and societal publications.
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Contains thousands of scholarly and critical books, peer-reviewed journals, and other periodicals, videos, reference essays, and literary criticism. Also includes full text classic literature and poems, and full-length videos of classic plays and films.
Funk and Wagnall's New World Encyclopedia (full text)
EBSCOhost. Contains over 25,000 encyclopedic entries covering a variety of subjects.
Literature Criticism Online (Gale) (Partial full text)
Partial Full Text. A compilation of literary commentary that gives users access to centuries of analysis. Scholarly and popular commentary from broadsheets, pamphlets, encyclopedias, books and periodicals with the exact look and feel of the print originals. Also indexes Twentieth Century Literary Criticism and Contemporary Literary Criticism (located in Murrell Library Reference Section).
News, Policy & Politics Magazine Archive (featuring Newsweek)
Full text of 15 major magazines dealing with current events, international relations, and public policy. Coverage: 1918 – 2015. Titles include: Americas, Church & State, Common Cause Magazine, Dollars & Sense, Europe, Fellowship, In These Times, NATO Review, New Internationalist, Newsweek, State Legislatures, UN Chronicle, The Unesco Courier, Whole Earth, and The World Tomorrow. Also contains thousands of open-access journal titles from the Publicly Available Content Database.
American Archive of Public Broadcasting
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Historical and archival films from multiple sources, including: The Prelinger Archives – U.S. cultural and social history; The WPA Film Library – over 2,800 clips and newsreels since the late 1800s; The United Newsreel collection – World War II newsreels from the U.S. Office of War Information; The Universal Newsreel collection – 7 to 10 minute newsreels, released twice per week between 1929 and 1967; Recordings from the National Archives and Records Administration of historic speeches and events.
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Minaret of Freedom Weblog
The Minaret of Freedom Institute's Blog
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Organ Donation in Islam
[These are my notes on the International Institute of Islamic Thought on-the-record fiqh forum on Organ Donation held in Herndon, VA on July 20, 2016. These notes are NOT a transcript, but a lightly edited presentation of my perception of the discussion. Responsibility for any errors in the notes is mine alone.]
Ms. Lori Brigham (Washington Regional Transplant Community). WRTC is one of 58 Organ Organization donation regional communities. The Organ Procurement Transfer Network (OPTN) sets policy. The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) administers the OPTN. Muslim families decline donations on religious grounds at a high rate. End stage organ failure affects many people in all groups in our society. There 120,000 people now waiting for organ transplants that could save their lives. Every day 22 of them die for lack of a donation.
Dr. Muzammil Siddiqi. (ISNA). Organ donation is an ijtihadi issue because there is no clear text in Qu'an or hadith, and, therefore, the Islamic position is a consequence of the objectives of the Shariah: to save and protect life, to protect dignity, to prevent harm, and to protect from exploitation. Most jurists have already accepted the permissibility of organ donation and the questions now left deal with rules, regulations, and guidelines. Some organs may be given in life and some at death. Is this an act of charity? Can this be stated in the will? Is spousal agreement necessary? Can the organs of dead person be given absent, or even against, the deceased's will? Are there concerns over deformation of the body? What is the defining point of death? What of taking organs from a miscarried fetus? From an aborted fetus? What of developing fetuses for this purpose? What of sale of organs: is it disliked or prohibited? If someone cannot afford treatment are they eligible for zakat for this purpose? Which organs are permissible to buy?
Prof. Abdulaziz Sachedina (GMU). I am still a student of Islamic bioethics. My objective is to bring new issues of bioethics to focus by using the traditional sources. How do we encourage people to overcome cultural impediments or religious misunderstandings? Field research is more important than library work, since we need to understand the concerns of the people that make them hesitate. The new issues can be accommodated well within the religious sources. The South African government encouraged me and others to do a workshop to encourage donation. We found the imams had ideas with no basis in the maqasid (higher objectives of the law). We trained the imams for three days. For example, if I give an eye will I get it back on the Day of Judgment? A mother hesitated to donate her son's cornea lest he be without one on the Day of Judgment. I quoted her the verse that God who created you the first time can create you a second time. In Iran there is a big trade in kidneys at $15,000, but it is hard to donate a kidney when the medical care is poor. We need to move beyond jurisprudence to bioethics. Fiqh is founded on case law deduced from revelatory sources, while traditional ethics is inherited from Greek philosophical and theological tradition.
Derivation of juridical decision (hukm or fatwa) -> a search for asl (paradigm case; universal major premise "known" for purposes of the present case) -> new case far' (particular minor premise specifying the present instance) -> hukm = juridical decision, also fatwa (necessary conclusion about the current case).
Derivation of ethical decision (practical reason) -> search for similar precedents to provide general warrant (asl) ↔ a present case with all its particulars providing facts about the present instance (far') –provisional conclusion about the present case, with a precaution about it being "presumably so" -> a possibility of revision through further research information on the case.
I have seen the arguments that you cannot donate to non-Muslims, but few muftis stand by such positions, usually resorting to arguments such as: "What if I save a non-Muslim's life and then he kills me in battle?" These views are not found among American Muslims. For fetal tissue, a distinction is made between miscarriage and abortion to provide stem cells. The Durban workshop worked very well in South Africa for the imams took the message positively.
From where do Muslims get their bioethics? We say maslaha (public interest), but it is closer to equity than to utility, with a careful analysis of risk and benefit, following the principle of "no harm, no harassment."
Dr. Imad-ad-Dean Ahmad (Minaret of Freedom Institute). Fatawa (legal opinions) are also advisory and non-binding. I don't think the question of ownership vs. trust suffices to make distinctions between property and body parts in Islam, because in Islam everything belongs to Allah, our wealth as well as our bodies. Our bodies are a trust from Allah, but so is our wealth. In both cases the question should be: What is it that Allah wishes us to do with the trust? The concern that donation of a cornea would deprive the donor of it on the Day of Judgment overlooks the fact that, donated or not, the cornea will turn to dust and have to be recreated by Allah on the Day of Judgment in any case.
Dr. Mohamad Adam El-Sheikh (Darul Hikmah Consultancy). There are only five ahkâm (legal rulings) in Islam: fard (mandatory), mandûb (encouraged), mubâh (optional), makrûh (discouraged), and harâm (forbidden), and most actions are classified mubâh, al-hamdulillah. Organ donation is mandûb because if you do it, you will be rewarded, but if you do not you will not be punished.
Dr. Jamal Badawi (FCNA). When I ventured that donation is permissible an imam objected that if you get an organ from a sinful person it will testify against you on the Day of Judgment. Another concern is the evidence that transplanted hearts remember the preferences of the person from whom they were transplanted.
Lori Brigham. It is problematical to have this discussion at the time of sudden death. The family is in a great deal of emotional distress and this isn't the best time to have this kind of a discussion. It is better if you can get people to sign up in advance; the family can help facilitate that gift. Wills and advance directives aren't sitting on the nightstand and looked at later; too late to help in this conversation.
Dr. Muzammil Sddiqi. Is not just religious but emotional. People are more emotional about the body of a loved one than about money.
Prof. Abdulaziz Sachedina. Fiqh has the foundation of ethics, but the language of legality has sharp edges while the language of ethics touches the heart. We are impressed that in ninth century Baghdad al-Razi did high accuracy urinalysis in the absence of modern microscopes. But what we have done in the last sixty years is phenomenal. We have organ banks now. The notion of our bodies being ours is a modern notion. Muslims fear that people shall begin to treat their bodies as a commodity. We don't want to lose touch of belonging to God. He put us in the world with a purpose and we need to discover that purpose. We don't want to lose the distinction between the fatwa and the ethical advice. There are no texts in the classical sources of Hinduism and Buddhism on organ donation, but all religions are united in recommending the saving of life. Even atheism is very much humanistic and also recommends the saving of life.
Sr. Saisa Neel (RN, Masjid Muhammad). African Americans have been very resistant to donating organs. Is there still a problem with ethnicities? We get questions like "Are we being killed for our body parts?" There is also the controversy over Henrietta Lacks, whose cells were distributed around the world without even informing the family let alone obtaining their consent.
Prof. Abdulaziz Sachedina. The Shia ayatollahs were very receptive to these ideas, and Ayatollah Sistani in particular has supported the view that a reasoned decision must be made on termination of life-support and that costly postponement of imminent death is not justified. There is no moral objection in the Middle East to organ transplants; there is only government obstacles and corruption.
Dr. Ilham Altalib (Ikram).The scholars agree that brain death is death. The Qur'an says every soul (not every body) shall taste of death. We shall be resurrected and, although it will have a physical aspect, it is not the body we had. My Creator will resurrect my identity but not the same body.
Prof. Jasser Auda (International Peace College, South Africa). I consider ethical considerations integral to fiqh although I acknowledge the fuquha (jurists) are usually more literal [legalistic?]. The fatwa is an opinion; it is not a state process or a democratic process, but a trust. Neither precedents in Islamic law nor perceptions make truths. The faqih (jurist) goes back to the original sources to answer the questions put to him. These are complex issues that require hours to treat fairly. That people do not own their bodies is a major issue from the Islamic perspective. Everyone on the street in the Arab World and Africa knows the price of kidneys and livers. And in oil-rich Arab countries 90 to 100% of the organs come from migrant workers. That is why I disagree with the vast majority of scholars who hold organ donation is permissible without taking into consideration the economic circumstances especially in poor counties ruled by corrupt dictators or in war zones like Syria.
Dr. Jamal Badawi (St. Mary's Univ.). Even if we are to focus on the juridical aspects, I think there is no single Islamic perspective. Imam Shafi said, "My opinion is right, but it could be wrong. My opponents are wrong, but they could be right." The main issue from any religious respective lies first in the highest authority of the faith. The only final binding sources for Muslim are the revelatory sources, in particular the Qur'an. The Prophet's explanation of the religion is also considered revelation of a sort, although not all traditions are of equal authenticity. On some things no two Muslims should differ, e.g., the sanctity of human life. This is partly negative (the prohibition of killing innocents), but it also has a positive side (preservation of life which may be extended to include organ donation). There is no contradiction between "your money" and "Allah's money." The objection to autopsy on the grounds that it is identical to mutilating the body ignores the whole history of Islamic law on the greater good. The issue of brain death is not settled, and there is a debate on the role of the brain stem, etc. Istishâb, or the issue of continuity is a presumption in Islamic law.
Imam Johari Abdul-Malik (Dar al-Hijra). For many of those who migrated to the West the bâb (door) of ijthad is closed. As an activist and an imam in the community struggling with the issues of life and death, whenever I had a call about end of life issues I had a methodology (which most do not have). Mine was to call Shaikh Hanooti who would first ask, "Are there two independent diagnoses of brain death?" If so, then he would look not only at the texts but the contexts. We need a re-education of the Muslim community through broad-based educational opportunities, including full and part time Islamic schools. We talk about wills every time anyone goes to Mecca. Talk about advanced directives then too.
Ms. Lori Brigham: Neurological death requires both brain and brain stem be dead and usually requires two physicians to make the determination. Organ donation after circulatory death is a different matter and some people have made advanced directives to be executed once the heart stops beating. They are two different definitions of death.
Dr. Imad-ad-Dean Ahmad. The Prophet (pbuh) said those with anything worth bequeathing should not let three days pass without writing a will. Yet even an impecunious person has body parts worth donating, so should we understand this hadith to mean that we must not let three days pass without writing an advanced directive?
Dr. Essam Omeish. Once we have defined clinical death, it is sound for a doctor sitting with a Muslim counselor to give counseling to the family to pull the machines. The advanced directive s always about what is the will of the patient. In the absence of the advanced directive, the questions put to the family concern: What would the patient's wishes have been? Absent firm knowledge, you are the loved ones best placed to answer that question.
Dr. Ilham Altalib. The International Council of Jurisprudents declared that brain death is death. Allah takes the soul from the body and also when you sleep deeply. Why do we have to make the simple difficult?
Prof. Jasser Auda. The IJC is a Saudi-funded body with political considerations. The human body is a sanctuary not to be meddled with until the spirit departs. There is a difference between dead and definitely-eventually-dead.
Dr. Jamal Badawi. I am not comfortable with the use of the word rûh (spirit) in this context.
Dr. Khalid Khan (GU). With transplants the situation is often you get a transplant or you die.
Dr. Essam Omeish (INOVA Fairfax Hospital). We are at an advantage being in the US where there is advanced medical work and rigorous ethical thought. Using neurological verses circular death as an example, we can deliver information to the scholars to provide them with knowledge they can take to the lay person. Even the discussion over what defines death in Islam should not be left at an unsophisticated level. Consider the sophistication of the discussion of the beginning of life in Islam. At 21 weeks there is a heart that is beating and nourished by an umbilical cord, but by Islamic law human life [personhood] has not begun. The definition of neurological death is very well defined, and mechanically maintained circulation after that point may be compared to the start of life question. What of the situation where a patient is not completely neurologically dead, but still has a trickle of blood to the brain? In some states they would not be defined a dead, despite my opinion as a physician. It is difficult for me as a physician to see a person who has elected to be a donor to be overruled because of the failure of the family to understand the issues.
Prof. Sherine Hamdy (NYU). As a social scientist, my view is that we have to be open about the pros and the cons, and the complications. Almost all scholars have said it's permissible, yet families are hesitant. It is not just selfishness. I know many people who needed a kidney transplant and refused out of a fear of the risks to which they would subject their beloved family members. Saying the body belongs to God is a truism that says nothing about the issue in question. The context is one in which people are oppressed by states that will kidnap and torture people because of their associations and where the rich get organ transplants at the expense of the poor. In these circumstances "our bodies belong to God" is a cry of defiance. Sh. Muh. Mutwai al-Sha`rawi said, "How can you donate something that doesn't belong to you?" Marginalized members of the family are more likely to donate to the more prestigious members of the household. The vulnerability of poor Egyptians has only become worse under the Sisi regime. Even transplant surgeons were not convinced that this was halal (permissible). They used religious language, and they had started out motivated by saving lives, but after years and years of practice they noticed the pattern that the donors are poor men selling their kidneys to the rich. Neurological death is the exception, not the rule. It is sudden car accidents, suicide, homicide, and war that cause neurological death. For Palestinians victimized by organ theft the context is different. Context matters much more than which school of Islamic thought you follow. With the first kidney transplant in 1954 the same issues were raised in this country. What made transition possible? Media played a role, as did the desire to make meaning of a senseless death (which doesn't arise in the Muslim context in which death already has meaning.) Rûh (spirit) is not a subject of scientific inquiry in the US. There is an epidemic of kidney and liver disease in Egypt. Otherwise healthy young working men are dying of kidney failure for unknown reasons and of liver failure (Hepatitis C) due to a side effect of injections intended to prevent an outbreak of schistosomiasis that had been predicted to be a consequence of the Aswan High Dam. There is a view that the government made us sick. People in Egypt, however, did not object to corneal transplants. There has been a historical problem of "Egyptian blindness" from the Middle Ages. There were corneal banks. Then in the 80's there were reports of people stealing corneas from the morgue and shipping them to the Gulf States. In the Egyptian revolution snipers aimed at people and one famous activist who lost one eye pledge to give his other for the revolution. After the revolution people began to donate eyes liberally because they trusted the doctors. The attitude was "I want my eyes to continue the struggle."
Chaplain Tahara Akmal (Reading Hospital). It is important that imams invited into organ donation conversations be educated on this these sensitive issues. When an imam's child died from an unsuccessful heart transplant and wagging tongues blamed the parents for trying to get a healthy heart for their child. In contrast, there was positive PR when a Caucasian Muslim woman donated her kidney to a black Christian man in Jewish hospital. Surgery was originally scheduled for 9/11/2001, but was postponed. She was inspired by the verse that if any of you saves a life it shall be as if he saved an entire people. Some Muslims tried to dissuade her, but she was unmoved. The recipient lived until 2013.
Prof. Jasser Auda. This is not just an Egyptian problem. Throughout the third world children are stolen for their organs. We in the US must be clear about defining our terms and our context because, believe it or not, what happens here is very influential in the Muslim world, and we must be careful about anything that hints of being a fatwa.
Imam Johari Abdul-Malik. We must emphasize the context of anything we say.
Dr. Imad-ad-Dean Ahmad. I agree. It is sad that such warnings are necessary. Muslims are unaware that fatwas are always not only advisory, but contextual, an answer to a specific real-world (not hypothetical) question in a specific context.
Prof. Sherine Hamdy. The incorporation of the mufti into the nation-state and the mass media have changed the perception of fatwa "from the mufti's mouth to the questioners ears" into a notion of an official policy broadcast.
Dr. Ilham Altalib. Rûh (spirit) is not nafs (soul). It has nothing to do with life and death.
Dr. Hisham Altalib. When you kill a patient, how do you certify that he is dead?
Dr. David Klassen. Euthanasia in this country does not intersect with organ transplants.
Dr. Essam Omeish. I am not in the business of killing people. With cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the criteria are clear and well-defined and there is no dispute. Neurological death not only requires no brain activity, but no blood flow to the brain. If the diagnosis is not conclusive there is no declaration of death.
Prof. Abdulaziz Sachedina. In the bioethics literature there is a distinction between passive and active euthanasia. "Being merciful" has become a euphemism for passive euthanasia. Religious leaders find harvesting of organs under these circumstances problematic.
Lori Brigham. If you have questions or concerns about the process of organ and tissue donation so they can make informed decisions, we would like to be a resource.
Dr. Muzammil Siddiqi. I would like a copy of the rules and regulations that can be a model for Islamic rules and regulations.
Prof. Jasser Auda. We appreciate the offer for we need not only context but details. Not the devil but God is in the details.
Dr. Mohammed Adam El-Sheikh. I think the procedures need to be understood. Learning there is an autopsy involved, with a draining of fluids, is problematic.
Ms. Lori Brigham. There is no autopsy unless at the requirement of the medical examiner or the family.
Dr. Mohammed Adam El-Sheikh. We need that kind of information.
Imam Johari Abdul-Malik. I understand this is on the agenda of the Fiqh Council and we need to make sure an opinion comes out on it.
Dr. Essam Omeish. We need a certification and training process.
Prof. Jasser Auda. There are many questions. Not all organs are the same; for example there are distinctions made for reproductive organs.
Dr. Jamal Badawi. It is not permitted for a mufti to give a fatwa in something in which he is not fully familiar. We can't just throw the ball to the Fiqh Council. A specialized technical committee can work with the FC.
Dr. Ilham Altalib. Do we start from scratch? I have material I have accumulated since the artificial heart transplant in South Africa that I can share with you.
Dr. Imad-ad-Dean Ahmad. Let's not call it a fatwa or a series of fatwas but a summary and analysis of the fiqh (jurisprudence). Instead, provide guidance and information that can be used by muftis in making fatwas responding to specific real-world questions as well as by imams in giving khutbas to their communities to get them up to speed on these issues.
Ms. Remonia Chapman (Detroit Minority Organ Tissue Transplant Education Program). We would like you to review the pamphlets we already have on religious views on transplants.
Prof. Jasser Auda. A general recommendation is inadequate. A number of issues have been rejected by the scholarly community.
Dr. Abu Baker Al-Shingieti (IIIT). There is an emerging consensus that needs to be known and when specific issues come up they can be dealt with at that time.
Prof. Jasser Auda. We also should remind people of their right to autonomy: that this is an emerging consensus that is not binding on you. In other contexts this would be a given but because of the context we need to emphasize this so that the tinge of religious authority does not erase the necessity for the individuals to make a decision based on the specifics of their own situation.
Dr. Jamal Badawi. I think we should include the dissenting voices and remind people they may follow a particular madhhab (school of jurisprudence), but need not. One famous scholar once wrote this is what I think, but if you find a better grounded opinion throw mine against the wall.
Prof. Jasser Auda. I am concerned about communal backlash when there is a general opinion.
Dr. Imad-ad-Dean Ahmad. I see the situation as analogous to the adoption issue. When I was first approached about that issue by the National Council for Adoption, it was because they were forced to place Muslim refugee children pouring into the United States into non-Muslim homes because Muslims refused to adopt n the grounds that "adoption is prohibited in Islam." They published my article "Adoption in Islam" in the 1999 edition of the Adoption Fact Book, explaining that adoption is encouraged in Islam, only differing in three ways from the Western model (that the true lineage of the child cannot be denied or hidden, that inheritance from the foster parent is not automatic nor can inheritance from the biological parent be denied, and that marriage to an adopted child's ex is not incestuous) after which Muslims have become more open to adoption.
Dr. Jamal Badawi. After many conferences the Fiqh Council concluded you can use calculation in the calendar. Many people rejected that but having that decision has vastly improved the situation of commonly observed Eid dates. We need to be sensitive to the masses but we cannot be driven by the masses. We should respect differing opinions and say it s up to you to choose.
Ms. Lori Brigham. I appreciate your efforts to help us build donation as a culture.
Dr. Muzammil Siddiqi. We must see that whatever we do complies with Islamic principles, federal law, and other legal issues. I see no problems in doing that as there is an emerging consensus. Blood donation is permissible; tissue donation is permissible. On the question of organs there are some issues, but we can deal with that.
Prof. Abdulaziz Sachedina. We are not a reading public. We ignore our own scholars at our own peril. Read my book Islamic Biomedical Ethics to see what Islam has left for us.
Dr. Abubaker Al-Shingieti. With your permission we shall make a summary available as a "Book in brief."
Dr. Hisham Altalib. There is an important principle of enjoining what is good and forbidding evil. Imam Ash-Shafi in Baghadad had certain opinions which changed when he was in Yemen and then changed again in Egypt. Many young Muslims think that Muhammad deleted the customs of the jahiliyyah (the time of ignorance), but he changed only a few things. His beard and his dress were the same as those of the jahillyyah. We seek the American Islam as ash-Shafi sought the Baghadadi, Yemeni, and Egyptian Islam.
Imad-ad-Dean Ahmad, Ph.D.
Minaret of Freedom Institute
www.minaret.org
ImadadDean
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GOREFEST: Back Catalog To Be Reissued
On July 18, Nuclear Blast Records will be reissuing the entire GOREFEST back catalog, complete with unreleased tracks, demos and other rarities. The following three two-CD sets are currently scheduled for release:
* "Mindloss" (1996) + early demos
* "False" (1993) + "Erase" (1995) + demos
* "Soul Survivor" (1996) + "Chapter 13" (1998) + rarities
Everything will be remastered, and booklets will contain liner notes by renowned Dutch journalist and writer Robert Haagsma, along with many pics from the band's own private stash. In addition, Nuclear Blast will throw in a cool box in which to store all the CDs from the collection.
GOREFEST recently inked a multi-album deal with Nuclear Blast Records. The band are currently writing songs for what will reportedly be "a very heavy new album." A late 2005/early 2006 release is expected.
GOREFEST issued several CDs through the Nuclear Blast label in the early 1990s before switching to SPV for their last album, 1998's "Chapter 13".
EICCA TOPPINEN Says APOCALYPTICA Wanted 'No Compromises' On 'Cell-0' Album


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L'Immortele
Studio: Europa Corp
Director: Richard Berry
Producer: Luc Besson
Writer: Richard Berry
Cast: Jean Reno
Luc Besson is only listed as a producer on this film, but his fingerprints and influence are all over it.
It's set in a world not unlike what you'd imagine as the French Goodfellas, and in the greatest tradition of gangster cinema, we're asked to root for a murderer and racketeer simply because he's the best of a bad bunch.
A few early flashbacks show Charly's (Reno) enduring friendship forming with two associates who help him kill a local mobster. All three of them grow up to be mafia kingpins, and when Charly is gunned down in an underground carpark it seems his days of crime are over.
But whomever ordered the hit hasn't counted on Charly's incredible luck when he lives. Even though he's supposed to have retired, he goes on a one man campaign to track down and kill every one of his assailants. A bloody game of strike and counterstrike ensues, and whether the film was conscious of it or it simply occurred to me, the futility of such blood feuds seemed to be a lynchpin of the script, each vengeful murder worse than the last until there's little left to fight over except for a pile of bodies.
The twists about who's behind it aren't the most original and some of the dialogue needed a little more profundity to really make an impact, but there's a kinetic sense of action movie violence that puts it squarely into Besson territory.


This article was originally Published by the Orange Country Register. Our thanks for allowing us to post it here.
Tonya Goodbrand and her husband, David, hold one of their whole house fans in the assembly shop at Comfort Cool Fans in Laguna Hills. (Photo: Kent Treptow, for the Orange County Register).
David Goodbrand had been in the mortgage industry since 1996 and owned his own business, Goodbrand Lending in Mission Viejo, since 2002. He had eight employees and 50 independent loan officers.
Like the scurrying mice in the book, "Who Moved My Cheese," Goodbrand didn't spend much time waiting for the industry to recover. He had a family to support.
His brother, who has worked in the heating and air conditioning industry for a quarter century, reminded Goodbrand that he had gone to a tech college right out of high school and worked repairing cars before going to Cal State Long Beach.
"He said, 'When I had my business, a lot of customers asked for whole-house fans but the technology wasn't there. Now it is,'" Goodbrand recalls.
The advantage of these fans is that they save electricity; the downside is that they have been so noisy and difficult to install. A pro would have to build a frame in the ceiling and take almost a day. Few home-owning do-it-yourselfers could do it.
The product is Centric Air and Goodbrand's Laguna Hills company is Comfort Cool Fans.
He envisions that eventually his customers will be contractors who already install air conditioners and homeowners who will do the installation themselves.
Orange County resident R. J. Manning said his parents had a whole house fan and he thought about installing one in his home but fans on the market weren't satisfactory.
So far, about half of Goodbrand's business comes from other states where people are much more familiar with whole-house fans. He must educate residents of Southern California, where the climate is almost ideal for such units, he says.
Although Goodbrand is an experienced business owner, and Comfort Cool is almost replacing 100 percent of his previous income, the transformation from a white-collar financial guy to a manufacturer and installer "is huge," he acknowledges.
"I'm crawling around in people's attics and realize they have no idea about my background, my MBA. It took some time to overcome that," he says.
"But if you work hard and have a good idea, you can make it," he adds.


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Pom Klementieff's X-Men dream
Pom Klementieff always dreamt of being in 'X-Men'.
The 33-year-old star has tasted plenty of superhero success by portraying Mantis in Marvel movies 'Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2', 'Avengers: Infinity War', and 'Avengers: Endgame', but admits she initially had ambitions about appearing in a different Marvel motion picture.
She said: "My dream was to be in 'X-Men'.
"It was my dream. I remember seeing Storm, Halle Berry. I was like, 'F**k, I want to do that.'
"She was like me. She was mixed. I'm Korean, Russian and French. So I wanted to be in X-Men."
But Klementieff insists she got the better deal with 'Guardians' because there is more comedy in the film.
She told Variety: "That was better because it's funnier."
Klementieff is to reprise her role as Mantis in 'Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3', which is expected to start shooting in 2020.
'Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3' was set to film this year, but was delayed when director Gunn was fired and then rehired by Disney following the unearthing of several controversial old Twitter posts.
Marvel Studios President Kevin Feige previously said of filming: "I won't say specifically [when Guardians 3 shooting will begin] but I will say we're delaying when the film would have originally been. But thankfully [Gunn] is back and he's doing it and all is right with the world."
As well as Klementieff, Chris Pratt will also return to the film franchise as lead hero Star-Lord, as will Dave Bautista (Drax), and Vin Diesel, who will be back to voice Groot.


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Upcoming LG V60 ThinQ – Quad-Camera- Reviews & Guides
LGSmart Phone
It is very unfortunate to see LG not participating in the MWC 2020 because of the coronavirus concerns but it seems that the electronics giant from South Korea is working extremely hard on their next flagship handset. Evan Blass gave a few hints of what to expect from the new LG V60 ThinQ.
Blass also shared some images that were reportedly taken from an ad campaign of the phone. The LG V60 ThingQ will be coming with four microphone channels.
We cannot reveal or predict too much about the information that were extracted from the pictures of the four mics but we can somehow say that some of them are made to avoid the noise during video and audio sessions. However, the picture shows, as previously speculated, a quad-camera unit on the rear.
If we look back at the previous models of LG then the LG V50 ThingQ 5G was packed with at least one lens along with optical image stabilization (OIS). Standard and ultra-wide lenses were also available in that device. So we can expect the company to offer all of those features once again with an additional ToF or macro sensor.
The addition of a 3.5 mm headphone port, which indicates a return of LG's beloved 32-bit Hi-Fi Quad-DAC audio functionality, which is a mainstay of premium appliances since the LG G5, is another tidbit that will surely make fans happy.
If you take a closer look at the design and structure of the LG V60 ThingQ then you can clearly see the powerful 5,000mAh battery that is 1,000mAh bigger than the previous V50 ThingQ 5G.
For obvious reasons, we cannot confirm any of the above-provided information to be completely accurate. We will have to wait until the manufacturers or the company itself provides something conclusive about their new handset.
We will also say that if any of the above-provided information comes out to be true then we can safely say that we're going to see something special from LG.