New synthetic materials and stylish design features transform the old raised Made of a mix of waste wood or cellulose fiber and plastic, composite boards You can also use what your yard has to offer by building around a large tree to create . railing looks like painted wood, but it's actually a stiff composite clad in PVC.
information on composite building products. • CompositeBuild. Composite materials provide many of these benefits . Aluminum clad wood/reinforced vinyl.
Nov 9, 2012 Watch this video to learn the best way to install FRP wall panels.
Sheets for use in applications such as aviation, automotive, signage and build and construction. ACM aluminum composite material is a stiff sheet comprised of aluminum bonded to a polyethylene core. KOMAALU® iron clad sheets.
10.5"x12' UltraDeck® Rustic™ Hickory Low-Maintenance Composite HickoryClad Product Type: Cladding, Material: Polyethylene, Recycled Wood Fiber.
Fiberon capped composite cladding, for exterior rain screen applications, delivers not found with wood, fiber-cement, stucco or other common siding materials. are an effective, eco-friendly way to manage moisture in the building envelope.
Jan 1, 2018 Technological development of these materials in the 1990s and 2000s (2) Combustible aluminum composite cladding on the Forté building in . Fire extension externally in a building clad in ACP may impact evacuation.
A sandwich-structured composite is a special class of composite materials that is fabricated by 1830 Robert Stephenson builds the Planet locomotive using a sandwich beam frame made of wood plated with iron; 1940 The de Havilland Mosquito core, creating a lightweight, strong, and fully repulpable composite board.
The use of aluminum composite material (ACM) in residential development can with other more traditional building materials, aluminum composite can add modernity The Alucobond clad modular structures are portable and customizable.
It predicts that "demand for composite and plastic lumber in the residential construction "All of the material leaves the plant at the same price," notes Weinstein.


Effective action for solving Victorian London's sewage crisis was put off for decades, due to chaotic governance, concerns about financing, the interference of vested interests and the complacency and inertia of central government. Once the ill effects appeared underneath the politicians' noses, a lasting solution was quickly deployed. The modern challenge of finding the political will to deal with climate change is analogous, although there are additional factors that make fixing the climate problem much more difficult.
Richard Alley, in his recent book Earth, the Operator's Manual, devotes part of Chapter 16, Toilets and the Smart Grid, to a comparison between the infrastructure challenges caused by the sewage problems of Victorian Edinburgh and London and the obstacles we face today in acting to solve the climate crisis. In this essay, I cover some of the same ground as Alley, but use as a main reference the book, The Great Stink of London, Sir Joseph Bazalgette and the Cleansing of the Victorian Capital (GSOL), written by Stephen Halliday in 1999.Here's a link to a pdf of pages 58-76 of the book.
…going down into my cellar to look I stepped into a great heap of turds by which I found that Mr. Turner's house of office is full and comes into my cellar, which do trouble me, but I shall have it helped.
Cesspools were, over the years, dug deeper, sometimes down to a permeable sand and gravel layer, which allowed the liquid fraction of the waste to drain away, leaving less volume for the night-soil haulers to take away but polluting the aquifers from which some Londoners drew their water; eventually contributing to deadly epidemics of cholera and typhoid.
A system of sewers was constructed in the sixteenth century, initiated by Henry VIII's Bill of Sewers. This drainage system was designed to handle rain water only and there were statutes in place until 1815 that forbade disposing of household waste into it.
In 1800, the population of London was nearly one million and, fifty years later, this figure had more than doubled. The system of cesspools and night-soil haulers, already strained, became overloaded. The growing physical extent of the city made the hauling of the waste more expensive; the supply of ordure was greater than the farmers needed; and the cost of emptying their household cesspools was more than many Londoners could afford. The introduction of South American guano in the 1840's provided a cheaper and more easily manageable fertilizer that made the economics of human waste removal even worse. A technological solution was urgently required.
A working flush toilet had been invented many years previously by Sir John Harrington, in 1596. The device was improved over time by several plumbers and engineers; including the felicitously named Thomas Crapper, who began selling his fixture in 1861, with the slogan "a certain flush with every pull" (GSOL, p. 42).
Starting in 1810 and accelerating over following decades, flush toilets were installed throughout London. In 1815, the restrictions on disposing of household waste into the storm sewers were lifted. According to Halliday, this repeal was encouraged by lobbying from private water companies, which recognized that sanitation provided a business opportunity for them to increase their sales (GSOL, p.46). Between 1850 and 1856, the consumption of water in London doubled.
It became increasingly obvious to Londoners that the city's waste disposal systems were not sustainable in the face of a rapidly growing population. In 1839, an attempt was made to unify the governance of London's sewage systems under a single authority. The plan was thwarted by opposition from the City of London, the small area of central London that is the financial hub of Britain and that guards its autonomy closely, even to this day (seeMonbiot, 2011). Until 1848, London's sewers were managed by seven separate commissions with 1,065 commissioners. The Metropolitan Sewers Act of 1848 created a single body with a mere twenty-three appointed commissioners. The resulting Commissions sat for six sessions from 1848 to 1855 and achieved little. They were underfunded, lacked authority and were rife with competing interests. They evaluated 137 different proposals for improving the sewage system and implemented none of them. The flow of untreated sewage into the River Thames continued to increase.
An effective management body, the Metropolitan Board of Works, was finally established in 1853. It made several recommendations to improve the sewage system but, over the next five years, was granted little political or financial support.
Three years later, Faraday's hot season came along and the stench from the river became so bad that the MPs in the newly constructed Parliament building could scarcely tolerate it.
The Great Stink had the salutary consequence of focussing the minds of Parliamentarians and, on August 2nd, 1858, only eighteen days after the (Conservative) Chancellor of the Exchequer, Benjamin Disraeli, had introduced it, a law was passed that gave the Metropolitan Board of Works the authority to borrow £3,000,000 to construct intercepting sewers to prevent human waste being dumped untreated into the Thames.
Under the direction of the engineer Sir Joseph Bazalgette, great embankments were built along the Thames. These embankments not only provided for the big intercepting sewers, which are still in use today, but also for parks, roads and sections of the London Underground District and Circle Lines.
What can we learn about the climate crisis from this story?
Traditional methods of dumping human waste products—whether from urban toilets or from fossil-fuel carbon dioxide—into common resources, like rivers or the atmosphere, become unsustainable as populations grow and prosper. However, in both cases, growing recognition of the need to change behaviour is resisted by vested interests and by inertia and complacency among legislators and their constituents.
Relative costs are comparable: Richard Alley in his book Earth: The Operators Manual estimates that the costs of providing sewerage and clean water today amount to about 1% of GDP, similar to the mean of the range of costs derived from various estimates for stabilizing the climate. The GDP of Britain in 1850 was about £500 million and the cost of the sewage works undertaken by the Metropolitan Board of Works was eventually a little more than £4 million so, again, the cost was about 1% of British GDP; although much of it was borne directly by the ratepayers of London.
a) Carbon dioxide is invisible and odourless; appreciating its effects on the climate requires some cerebral effort. In contrast, we all have daily familiarity and an instinctive, quite literally visceral, reaction to human waste.
b) The climatic effects of excess CO2 in the atmosphere will not be distributed equally across the world It will adversely affect some countries more than others and the poor more than the rich. In contrast, the stench from the Thames afflicted everyone in central London equally, whether plutocrat or pauper.
c) The contribution of individuals to the climate crisis varies enormously, with current emissions per person varying by an order of magnitude or more. Londoners contributed equally on a per capita basis (anatomically incorrect though that unit may be) to the city's human waste problem.
d) Victorian Londoners all belonged to one nation, with one language, one religion and one monarch and could be expected to show solidarity in a crisis.
e) The climate crisis is gradual, with the effects unfolding over generations. The London sewage crisis became noticeably more noxious over the space of years. It's relatively easy for us today to defer action on climate; most of us won't live to see the worst consequences.
f) Once the big intercepting sewers were in place, London's problems eased. When action is finally taken on climate, the effects will not include a reversal of the adverse effects, but, at best, a stabilization of prevailing conditions. The mean effective lifetime of the fossil fuel CO2 in the atmosphere is 12-14 thousand years (Archer et al, 2009), the Thames in London is partially flushed twice a day by tides and continually by the flow of the river.
g) The governance of London at municipal levels was initially chaotic and unequal to the task, but at least there was an over-arching and functioning government in the British Parliament, which was eventually able to create an effective management body, secure capital and raise taxes. In contrast, The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change has not yet, despite seventeen annual Conferences of the Parties, been able to produce an effective plan to resolve the climate crisis.
In his recent book A Perfect Moral Storm, The Ethical Tragedy of Climate Change, Stephen Gardiner identified three "storms" that come together in a wicked synergy to make the climate crisis an especially intractable problem.
The Global Storm. The unequal dispersion of cause and effect across the planet. See b), c) and d) above.
The Intergenerational Storm. The effects of our emissions are deferred and will persist essentially for ever on historical timescales. See e) and f) above.
The Theoretical Storm. We currently lack the institutions, conventions and tools—political, moral and economic—needed to tackle the exceptional problems posed by climate change and we are going to have to invent them as we go along. See g) above.
So far, we're not doing any better than cyanobacteria.
No sane resident of a town or city in the developed world would nowadays challenge our sanitary laws and regulations on the grounds that they violate their inalienable right (in epidemiologist John Snow's words, quoted earlier) "to poison to death not only themselves but their neighbours". And nobody would claim that the scientific consensus on water-borne pathogens is an elaborate hoax designed to increase the authority and tax-raising power of municipalities. To be sure, there are valid objections as to how sanitary standards are to be set and enforced but no dispute about whether such regulations should exist. Since Victorian times, we have all of us changed our minds on this.
It is tempting to despair that attitudes will never shift quickly enough to drive meaningful action on climate change. But public opinion has changed radically before; sometimes even in favour of minorities and against the vested interests of the powerful and privileged. An example that springs to mind from the time just before the Great Stink of London is the abolition of slavery. More recently, attitudes have changed radically on a range of social issues. When watching a period TV drama such as Mad Men, which strives for historical authenticity, it is surprising to see the extent that societal standards have evolved in just fifty years; previously commonplace attitudes and behaviours have now become unacceptable or illegal.
Political change can be sudden and its relative painlessness can surprise the more pessimistic pundits. Consider the demise of the Soviet Union without the need for a global war, or of apartheid in South Africa, unaccompanied by the bloodbath and chaos that many saw as inevitable. No attitudes are immutable: the President of the United States is a black man.
It was fortuitous that the centre of the Great Stink of London occurred just outside the windows of the British Parliament, spurring complacent lawmakers into overdue action, if only for the sake of their own comfort. But the chances are low that climate change will produce a perfect storm that could cause physical distress to our politicians in their chambers and, even should that happen, it would probably anyway be too late by then. If our leaders are ever to be motivated to timely action on climate change by a Big Stink, then that stink is going to have to be raised by us, their electors.
This entry was posted in Soft Science and tagged Gardiner, Great Stink, History, Politics. Bookmark the permalink.
New publication: Does it matter if the consensus on anthropogenic global warming is 97% or 99.99%?
Just 50 years ago, no one knew why the Earth has mountains. Now we do. This is the story of how we figured it out - and how we keep learning.


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Jednopłatek (Monophyllus) – rodzaj ssaka z podrodziny jęzorników (Glossophaginae) w obrębie rodziny liścionosowatych (Phyllostomidae).

Zasięg występowania
Rodzaj obejmuje gatunki występujące na Antylach.

Morfologia
Długość ciała (bez ogona) 58–84 mm, długość ogona 7–16 mm, długość ucha 9–15 mm, długość tylnej stopy 11–14 mm, długość przedramienia 34,8–45,7 mm; masa ciała 6–17,2 g.

Systematyka

Etymologia
Monophyllus (Monophylla):  monophyllos "jedno-liściowy", od μονος monos "pojedynczy"; φυλλον phullon "liść".

Podział systematyczny
Do rodzaju należą następujące gatunki:
 Monophyllus plethodon  – jednopłatek wyspowy
 Monophyllus redmani  – jednopłatek kubański

Uwagi

Przypisy

Liścionosowate

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Just a quick update on finding the High School Trail for Fall Creek in Felton. The trail does start behind the San Lorenzo High School stadium; however, there is construction going on at the elementary school next door so you have to walk around it all by the swimming pool. Also, many of the locals have walked their dogs on this trail for years but the state has now posted a "no dog" sign. It doesn't seem to stop people, though. This is still a gorgeous, mostly level trail surrounded by redwood trees. It is a much better entrance into Fall Creek on the weekends. There is plenty of parking at the high school.
Just the facts: 9-10 miles, 2000 feet climbing, 4 hours.
I went back to Fall Creek to scout out the new unmarked trail I found last week. Of course, after doing this hike I realize it is on the excellent San Lorenzo Valley trail map put out by Redwood hikes — just not marked. As usual, I began at the San Lorenzo Elementary School parking lot off Highway 9 just east of Felton. To find the trailhead to the High School Trail locate the football stadium and head to the back of the bleachers. You will see a road that goes between the childcare center and enviromental site. Take this road and you will soon see a wood bridge on the left. Cross here and you are now entering the Fall Creek part of Henry Cowell State Park.
There are no dogs or bikes allowed here but everyone seems to ignore the dog rule. High School Trail is a beautiful one mile, relatively flat, trail through the redwoods. Today, I head up the Ridge Trail for 1.1 miles and connect with the short S-Cape Trail. The S-Cape Trail drops down to the Fall Creek Trail. Fall Creek Trail is where 80% of the hikers walk. It is a pretty walk but if you want to avoid the crowds just hike the surrounding trails. Take a right on the Fall Creek Trail and you will have an easy stroll along the creek.
After 1/2 mile begin looking for signs of the unmarked trail. Of course, there are many trails going down to the creek so it is best to keep watch for the beam bridge that crosses the creek — not downed trees but a foot wide beam. The trail is about a 100 yards before you get to the Barrel Mill Site. So if you reach the mill site turn about and back track to the unmarked trail.
I decide to give the wooden beam a try today and easily cross it. It is solid and only about 8 feet above the creek — not as high as it seemed coming down the hill last time! The trail is well-built and I wonder if it will be open to general use someday. I find it easier to go up, avoiding the slippery, steep section coming down near the top. There is one spot where you need to climb under a huge downed tree, that horses cannot pass, so it appears to be a hikers-only trail.
The trail has switchbacks and in one area there are trees that have been cleared using an axe rather than a saw, another sign that this is not a park authorized trail. Either that, or volunteers did not like chainsaws. It takes me about 20 minutes to reach the Lost Empire Trail so the trail is under a mile. The trail is well used so many folks have discovered the short-cut.
Turning left on the Lost Empire Trail it is only about a minute walk to Lost Camp. From Lost Camp I continue on the Lost Empire Trail, taking about 30 minutes to reach the summit and the Big Ben tree and, thus, the Big Ben Trail. Contining down I cross Fall Creek and meet up with the Fall Creek Trail in another 30 minutes. From this trail intersection Barrel Mill Site is another .6 miles so I estimate that the unmarked trail cuts about 2.5 miles off of the usual loop. In another 10 minutes I pass the mill site and continue walking on Fall Creek Trail toward Fall Creek Drive. DO NOT take the Bennett Trail which go right toward the parking lot on Empire Grade Road. Around 1/4 mile before Fall Creek Drive the High School Trail joins back up on the left. Fall Creek Drive is another entrance to the park but there is no street parking.
The High School Trail is one mile back to the high school. The elementary and middle school sits just above the high school.


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"Democratizing" Art
Bipartisanship wanes in Congress
· October 6, 2012 ·2 min read
Austin Federa
Since taking office in January 3rd, 2011, the 112th United States Congress has routinely failed to meet the expectations of their constituency. While partisan politics, and indeed political fights, are nothing new, the degree to which these actions have eclipsed the mission of Government is unacceptable. Elected in 2010, the 112th Congress ran on two platforms, deficit reduction, and jobs creation. All but one of the thirteen freshman Senators elected were Republicans, five of whom possessed no experience in national politics. In the House of Representatives ninety-three of the two hundred and forty two Republicans elected entered their first term in office.
In years prior, changes of this magnitude failed to greatly affect the operation of the Senate. Yet the 2010 elections proved to be different. In early 2009, up and coming Republicans in both the House and the Senate vowed to block all legislation supported by President Obama, regardless of content or consequence. The GOP 2010 victory in the House allowed this new leadership, separate from Speaker Boehner and Minority Leader McConnell, to move more forcefully. As of writing, over three hundred and seventy five bills of the 112th Congress remain blocked through filibuster, secrete hold, or other procedural-based method. These are bills that, under normal circumstances, would see debate in the House and Senate.
At the same time ninety seven percent of House Republicans, the majority party with two hundred and forty two members, and eighty seven percent of Senate Republicans, signed the Americans for Tax Reform pledge to oppose any increase in income tax, or decrease in tax credits. While hard numbers to not exist for Democrats, most have publically stated they will not accept any structural changes to Social Security, Medicare, or pension plans.
The audacity on both sides of the aisle is difficult to comprehend. Absolutist pledges stand as a vow of ignorance, a commitment not to learn, but to remain ignorant in the face of changing circumstances. Yet an objective to redefine the country's most powerful legislative body as ineffectual in the hopes of defeating a President is inexcusable. Just ten years ago we passed campaign finance reform legislation with broad bipartisan support, where members with different governing philosophies came together to solve an issue relevant to all Americans. In today's congress, veteran job retraining has become partisan. Many will recall in 2011 when a procedural vote with no barring on government debt nor deficit nearly resulted in a shutdown of the federal government. The very functioning of our highest offices were, in the words of Senator McConnell "a hostage that's worth ransoming."
Our legislature stands as the great mediator, a body of temperance and moderation dedicated to the combination of best practices and perspectives. From rational debate, in context, with respect to the future and the present, comes progressive legislation, sound fiscal management, and a resolve to never stop improving. The 112th congress lacks the institutional memory, common sense, and decency necessary for democratic governance.
We have fallen pray to dogmas of entitlement. We confuse compliance with compromise, governance with ideology, and partisanship with rivalry. This November we have a choice to make, not between Democrat and Republican, but between respect and offence, between those who reach across the aisle, and those who slap that hand back. We must return government to its fundamental focus, governance, no matter who you have to work with.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Quality custom built contemporary home in private new England setting. Enjoy gleaming hardwood floors, soaring cathedral ceilings, lovely natural light, open floor plan and lovely finishes throughout. You will love the thru views to the beautiful natural woodland setting, enclosed three season sunroom and expansive deck for summer entertaining. Wood burning fireplace in the great room. Master suite with dressing room, bath and study. Upstairs loft area overlooks the great room.
Interior Size: 2442 sq. ft.
Enjoy living int he beautiful Finger Lakes Area. Our area offers numerous state parks, Cayuga Lake, beautiful natural gorges, art & wine trails and terrific local theater, concerts and lectures. Ithaca is the home of Cornell University and Ithaca College.


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Architecture, condos, Long Island City, New Developments
New renderings of Court Square City View Tower, Queens' future tallest building
Posted On Fri, January 6, 2017 By Dana Schulz In Architecture, condos, Long Island City, New Developments
When plans were originally filed in February 2016, the Long Island City skyscraper since dubbed Court Square City View Tower was set to reach 964 feet. In April, it got bumped up to supertall status at 984 feet, making it Queens' future tallest building. It's since been dropped to 66 stories, but according to a new project page from architects Hill West (formerly Goldstein Hill & West), it will still be Long Island City's tallest tower, and therefore the tallest in the borough. CityRealty first noticed the updated details, which come with the first true renderings of the 800-unit condominium at 23-15 44th Drive. In addition to 360-degree views of Manhattan, the tower will offer an all-glass curtainwall facade, a retail base, and a slew of corner-apartment balconies.
The architects describe the building as a "sleek, monolithic structure." They used two shades of glass–"neutral blue" on the broad faces and "clear green" along the edges–which results in "a building that appears to expose its special interiors beyond its glassy exterior."
A double-height, sky-lit amenity space will occupy the fourth and fifth floors. The lower level's mezzanine lounge will overlook a third-floor pool, and the fifth floor will look out on an exterior terrace. The package consists of what's come to be the standard for high-end condos and rentals–a fitness center, sauna, spa, yoga room, and storage.
At the crown and base are metal fins, which not only "add lightness" but at the ground floor conceal parking and differentiate the private entrance and the public entrance to the 7 train station.
The project is currently underway and is expected to be complete by 2018. Find future listings for Court Square City View Tower here>>
[Via CityRealty]
Queens' Tallest Tower Gets Bumped to Supertall Status at 984 Feet
Permits Filed for 964-Foot Tower in Long Island City, Will Be Queens' Tallest
Queens' New Skyline: A Rundown of the 30 Developments Coming to Long Island City
Renderings courtesy of Hill West
Tags : 23-15 44th Drive, Court Square City View Tower, Goldstein Hill & West, Hill West
Neighborhoods : Long Island City


AN ACT TO AMEND SECTION 19-7-3, MISSISSIPPI CODE OF 1972, TO AUTHORIZE THE BOARD OF SUPERVISORS TO AUCTION OFF CERTAIN REAL ESTATE OF THE COUNTY; TO AMEND SECTION 21-17-1, MISSISSIPPI CODE OF 1972, TO AUTHORIZE THE GOVERNING AUTHORITIES TO AUCTION OFF CERTAIN REAL ESTATE OF THE MUNICIPALITY; AND FOR RELATED PURPOSES.
19-7-3. In case any of the real estate belonging to the county shall cease to be used for county purposes, the board of supervisors may sell, convey or lease the same on such terms as the board may elect and may, in addition, exchange the same for real estate belonging to any other political subdivision located within the county. In case of a sale on a credit, the county shall have a lien on the same for the purchase money, as against all persons, until paid and may enforce the lien as in such cases provided by law. The deed of conveyance in such cases shall be executed in the name of the county by the president of the board of supervisors, pursuant to an order of the board entered on its minutes.
Before any lease, deed or conveyance is executed, the board shall publish at least once each week for three (3) consecutive weeks, in a public newspaper of the county in which the land is located, or if no newspaper be published in said county then in a newspaper having general circulation therein, the intention to lease or sell, as the case may be, the county-owned land and to accept sealed competitive bids for the leasing or sale. The board shall thereafter accept bids for the lease or sale and shall award the lease to the highest bidder in the manner provided by law or the board may auction off the land to the highest bidder at a public auction. The board may reserve the right to reject any and all bids. However, whenever the board of supervisors shall find and determine, by resolution duly and lawfully adopted and spread upon its minutes (a) that any county-owned property is no longer needed for county or related purposes and is not to be used in the operation of the county, (b) that the sale of the property in the manner otherwise provided by law is not necessary or desirable for the financial welfare of the county, and (c) that the use of the county property for the purpose for which it is to be sold, conveyed or leased will promote and foster the development and improvement of the community in which it is located and the civic, social, educational, cultural, moral, economic, or industrial welfare thereof, the board of supervisors of such county shall be authorized and empowered, in its discretion, to sell, convey, lease, or otherwise dispose of same for any of the purposes set forth herein without having to advertise for and accept competitive bids. In any case in which a board of supervisors proposes to sell, convey or lease real property under the provisions of this section without advertising for and accepting competitive bids, consideration for the purchase, conveyance or lease of the property shall be not less than the average of the fair market price for such property as determined by three (3) professional property appraisers selected by the board of supervisors and approved by the purchaser or lessee. Appraisal fees shall be shared equally by the county and the purchaser or lessee.
21-17-1. Every municipality of this state shall be a municipal corporation and shall have power to sue and be sued; to purchase and hold real estate, either within or without the corporate limits, for all proper municipal purposes, including parks, cemeteries, hospitals, schoolhouses, houses of correction, waterworks, electric lights, sewers and other proper municipal purposes; to purchase and hold personal property for all proper municipal purposes; to acquire equipment and machinery by lease-purchase agreement and to pay interest thereon, if contracted, when needed for proper municipal purposes; to sell and convey any real and personal property owned by it, and make such order respecting the same as may be deemed conducive to the best interest of the municipality, and exercise jurisdiction over the same.
In case any of the real property belonging to a municipality shall cease to be used for municipal purposes, the governing authorities of the municipality may sell, convey or lease the same on such terms as the municipal authorities may elect. In case of a sale on a credit, the municipality shall charge appropriate interest as contracted and shall have a lien on the same for the purchase money, as against all persons, until paid and may enforce the lien as in such cases provided by law. The deed of conveyance in such cases shall be executed in the name of the municipality by the governing authorities of the municipality pursuant to their order entered on the minutes of their meetings. In any sale or conveyance of real property, the municipality shall retain all mineral rights that it owns, together with the right of ingress and egress to remove same. Before any such lease, deed or conveyance is executed, the governing authorities of the municipality shall publish at least once each week for three (3) consecutive weeks, in a public newspaper of the municipality in which the real property is located, or if no newspaper be published as such, then in a newspaper having general circulation therein, the intention to lease or sell, as the case may be, the municipally owned real property and to accept sealed competitive bids for the leasing or sale. The governing authorities of the municipality shall thereafter accept bids for the lease or sale and shall award the lease or sale to the highest bidder in the manner provided by law or the governing authorities may auction off the land to the highest bidder at a public auction. The governing authorities may reserve the right to reject any and all bids. However, whenever the governing authorities of the municipality shall find and determine, by resolution duly and lawfully adopted and spread upon its minutes (a) that any municipally owned real property is no longer needed for municipal or related purposes and is not to be used in the operation of the municipality, (b) that the sale of such property in the manner otherwise provided by law is not necessary or desirable for the financial welfare of the municipality, and (c) that the use of such property for the purpose for which it is to be sold, conveyed or leased will promote and foster the development and improvement of the community in which it is located and the civic, social, educational, cultural, moral, economic or industrial welfare thereof, the governing authorities of the municipality shall be authorized and empowered, in their discretion, to sell, convey or lease same for any of the purposes set forth herein without having to advertise for and accept competitive bids. In any case in which a municipality proposes to sell, convey or lease real property under the provisions of this section without advertising for and accepting competitive bids, consideration for the purchase, conveyance or lease of the property shall be not less than the average of the fair market price for such property as determined by three (3) professional property appraisers selected by the municipality and approved by the purchaser or lessee. Appraisal fees shall be shared equally by the municipality and the purchaser or lessee.
(c) In the event the governing authority does not wish to donate title to such lands to the bona fide not-for-profit civic or eleemosynary corporation, but wishes to retain title to the lands, the governing authority may lease the lands to a bona fide not-for-profit corporation described in paragraph (a) or (b) for less than fair market value.
Every municipality shall also be authorized and empowered to loan to private persons or entities, whether organized for profit or nonprofit, funds received from the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) under an urban development action grant or a community development block grant under the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 (Public Law 93-383), as amended, and to charge interest thereon if contracted, provided that no such loan shall include any funds from any revenues other than the funds from the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development; to make all contracts and do all other acts in relation to the property and affairs of the municipality necessary to the exercise of its governmental, corporate and administrative powers; and to exercise such other or further powers as are otherwise conferred by law.
The governing authorities of any municipality may contract with a private attorney or private collection agent or agency to collect any type of delinquent payment owed to the municipality, including, but not limited to, past due fees and fines. Any such contract debt may provide for payment contingent upon successful collection efforts or payment based upon a percentage of the delinquent amount collected; however, the entire amount of all delinquent payments collected shall be remitted to the municipality and shall not be reduced by any collection costs or fees. Any private attorney or private collection agent or agency contracting with the municipality under the provisions of this paragraph shall give bond or other surety payable to the municipality in such amount as the governing authorities of the municipality deem sufficient. Any private attorney with whom the municipality contracts under the provisions of this paragraph must be a member in good standing of The Mississippi Bar. Any private collection agent or agency with whom the municipality contracts under the provisions of this paragraph must meet all licensing requirements for doing business in the State of Mississippi. Neither the municipality nor any officer or employee of the municipality shall be liable, civilly or criminally, for any wrongful or unlawful act or omission of any person or business with whom the municipality has contracted under the provisions of this paragraph. The Mississippi Department of Audit shall establish rules and regulations for use by municipalities in contracting with persons or businesses under the provisions of this paragraph. If a municipality uses its own employees to collect any type of delinquent payment owed to the municipality, then from and after July 1, 2000, the municipality may charge an additional fee for collection of the delinquent payment provided the payment has been delinquent for ninety (90) days. The collection fee may not exceed fifteen percent (15%) of the delinquent payment if the collection is made within this state and may not exceed twenty-five percent (25%) of the delinquent payment if the collection is made outside this state. In conducting collection of delinquent payments, the municipality may utilize credit cards or electronic fund transfers. The municipality may pay any service fees for the use of such methods of collection from the collection fee, but not from the delinquent payment. There shall be due to the municipality from any person whose delinquent payment is collected under a contract executed as provided in this subsection an amount, in addition to the delinquent payment, of not to exceed twenty-five percent (25%) of the delinquent payment for collections made within this state, and not to exceed fifty percent (50%) of the delinquent payment for collections made outside of this state.
In addition to such authority as is otherwise granted under this section, the governing authorities of any municipality may expend funds necessary to maintain and repair, and to purchase liability insurance, tags and decals for, any personal property acquired under the Federal Excess Personal Property Program that is used by the local volunteer fire department.
The governing authorities of any municipality may, in its discretion, donate personal property or funds to the public school district or districts located in the municipality for the promotion of educational programs of the district or districts within the municipality.
In addition to the authority to expend matching funds under Section 21-19-65, the governing authorities of any municipality, in their discretion, may expend municipal funds to match any state, federal or private funding for any program administered by the State of Mississippi, the United States government or any nonprofit organization that is exempt under 26 USCS Section 501(c)(3) from paying federal income tax.
The powers conferred by this section shall be in addition and supplemental to the powers conferred by any other law, and nothing contained in this section shall be construed to prohibit, or to prescribe conditions concerning, any practice or practices authorized under any other law.


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Correction of the single breath carbon monoxide transfer factor in exercise for variations in alveolar oxygen pressure.
A H Kendrick,
G Laszlo
Respiratory Department, Bristol Royal Infirmary.
BACKGROUND--Carbon monoxide transfer factor (TLCO) varies inversely with the partial pressure of alveolar oxygen (PAO2). During exercise the PAO2 in the alveolar gas sample bag decreases so the TLCO increases more than would be expected from the effects of exercise alone. The effects of PAO2 on the estimation of TLCO during exercise have been investigated and studies have been performed to determine whether it is appropriate to standardise to a PAO2 of 16 kPa. METHODS--TLCO was estimated at rest and at a single level of exercise in six normal subjects using test gas mixtures of 0.3% carbon monoxide, 14% helium, and oxygen in three different percentages (17%, 21%, and 27%), remainder nitrogen. In three of the subjects an incremental exercise test with estimates of oxygen consumption (VO2) and cardiac frequency (fC) was also performed using a mixture containing 18% oxygen. RESULTS--TLCO decreased as levels of inspired oxygen increased. When standardised to a PAO2 of 16 kPa TLCO became independent of the inspired oxygen concentration. The significance of the curvilinear relations of TLCO and transfer coefficient to VO2 and fC improved. CONCLUSION--The single breath breath holding TLCO should be standardised to a PAO2 of 16 kPa when estimated during exercise.


Sunday 14 November 2010 and the sun is doing a grand job of warming the Italian countryside. After breakfast we drive over to Atessa. The town is quite high up in comparison to where we live, and the change in temperature is quickly felt. Locals walk around wrapped up in top coats and scarves, I am one of those crazy stranieri that walk around in November wearing short sleeves> This attracts looks of amazement from the townsfolk; surely I must be aware that it's molto freddo? The town affords wonderful views over the countryside, and my camera is working overtime to capture them. Why don't the pictures ever really capture what the naked eye can see. We wander around the side streets for a while, waiting for a vintage car rally to begin, however only one car has turned up. We walk through the Museo……. A religious museum, where models of the Christmas story and the life of Jesus have been made. I'm not particularly religious, but the work that has gone into these huge models has to be appreciated. My favourite is a model called Christmas in Italy, Cobbled streets and tiled roofs have snow upon them and in the backyard of one house a little fat chef is putting a paddle of pizza into the miniature oven.
We are on the road to Piano d'Archi, when I spot her, she's slightly older than I am and her body has a few of the imperfections that come with age, yet still she makes my heart lurch in my chest. The sign she holds causes me to brake sharper than I should have, the tyres screeching on this quiet Sunday afternoon. VENDESI. For sale, and underneath is her telephone number. Selling herself in this way may be a tad forward for a lady of her years, but in this situation who cares for propriety?
On the way home we stop off for a wander around the local cemetery, something I always like to do. We find a section of the grounds is given over t o children's tombs, I saunter through reading the headstones. Photographs of children smile out from the gravestones, that is the one's taken after cameras became readily available. Back when photography was the domain of the professional only, the photographs are much more chilling. No smiling children gaze out, but a faded black and white image of the child in its' coffin.
I click on the hazards and jump from my seat and walk back along the road towards her. Cars skirt around the now stationery Berlingo, and i wait for three travelling in the opposite direction, before I can cross the road to stand beside her. At her side I smile down at her admiring her fine curves. The height difference between the two of would be apparent to anyone passing by, should there have been any transient footfalls.
Before spotting her we had stopped off at a new supermarket that has opened to check it out. Prices here are outrageous, many times higher than near where we live, it's obviously because the shop is quite isolated, and will attract mainly passing trade, or those who have forgotten something and know it's the only store open on a Sunday for miles around. I am blasé in my admiration of her curves, and she remains motionless as I saunter around her, savouring her from every angle. I take out my camera and capture her beauty, before walking away, climbing back into my car and leaving her alone standing beside the road, waiting for others to stop and allow their eyes to roam over her form. If you've not worked out yet what the object of my desire is, it's a powder blue classic Fiat 500.


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By: Caitlin Morrison
Cineworld climbs after new shares issued as part of Regal deal
Cineworld shares are up this morning after the company issued over 1bn new shares to the market. The issue comes after the group's shareholders backed its bid to buy Regal Entertainment Group, which will create the world's second biggest cinema group. The share price was adjusted from 518.5p on Friday's close to an opening price [...]
These are the best-paying industries for freelancers to work in
The best paying contracting jobs are mostly in the finance, change and IT sectors, according to new research from Emolument.com. The best-paid role for a contractor is in the finance sector, with risk modelling/quant jobs coming with an average daily rate of £760. And despite the headlines about technology 'wonderkids' being offered eye-watering pay packages, [...]
Higher oil prices push Shell earnings up 184 per cent
Royal Dutch Shell has reported a 184 per cent increase in income for 2017, thanks in part to higher oil and gas prices. The figures Income rose to $12.98bn (£9.11bn) last year, compared with $4.58bn in 2016. Basic earnings per share rose 172 per cent, from $0.58 to $1.58, and the dividend was maintained at [...]
Revealed: Royal Mail special stamps to be released in 2018
If you're thinking of jazzing up your stamp collection in the new year, good news: Royal Mail has unveiled the calendar for its 2018 Special Stamp programme, which will include tributes to a beloved comedy series, one of the UK's most iconic palaces, and the military. The RAF Centenary, which celebrates the oldest independent air [...]
UK real wages to drop in 2018 due to Brexit and inflation, report says
A combination of the effects of Brexit and rising inflation will push UK wages down next year, according to new research from US firm Korn Ferry. A report from the group reveals that, adjusted for inflation, employees in the UK are expected to see a real wage decrease of 0.5 per cent in 2018, compared [...]
Autumn Budget 2017: Hammond changes corporate capital gains tax rules
Corporation tax was maintained at 19 per cent in today's budget, however, the chancellor announced chances to the way companies' chargeable gains are calculated. The corporate indexation allowance allows for the effects of inflation when calculating the chargeable gains of companies or organisations. Philip Hammond announced today that the indexation allowance will be frozen from [...]
Autumn Budget 2017: Chancellor Philip Hammond's speech in full
You can read the chancellor's Budget speech in full here: Mr Deputy Speaker I report today on an economy that continues to grow, continues to create more jobs than ever before and continues to confound those who seek to talk it down. An economy set on a path to a new relationship with our European [...]
Uber hack: Should you delete the ride-hailing app? This is what the experts advise
Uber has been rocked by a wave of bad news over the past few months, including the departure of its co-founder and chief executive Travis Kalanick and the loss of its operating licence in London. And there was more bad news for Uber last night as it emerged that the ride-hailing app had been hacked [...]
SSE confirms agreement of merger with Npower as it reveals drop in profits
Energy firm SSE today confirmed it has agreed the first steps of a proposed merger with German-owned Npower to form a new UK gas and electricity business. The FTSE 100-listed firm said yesterday that it was in talks with its rival, owned by Germany's Innogy. In a statement to the London Stock Exchange this morning, [...]
The kids are alright: The UK now has so many young entrepreneurs, they're getting their own festival
The youth of today: obsessed with their smartphones, avocado toast and… starting successful businesses, apparently. The UK's first festival for entrepreneurs under 14 years old will take place next weekend, celebrating some of the nation's youngest wheelers and dealers. KidZania London, which takes place at Westfield Shepherd's Bush next Saturday, 11 November, was "designed to [...]


One script to minify them all!
A dark theme for gitea. While made to match the style of my website, feel free to use or modify it on your own. Works best with ArcGreen enabled.
simpleblog is a (very!) simple blog-system.


To celebrate the 100th anniversary of the Forestry Commission we are planning to have 100 Land Rovers run in a convoy through Kielder Forest.
There will be an amazing display of vintage vehicles: cars, motorbikes, tractors, buses and more! Visit the craft fair in the castle to browse for unusual handmade gifts.
The Osprey 12 is a 12 hour lapped mountain race on Kielder's blue graded Osprey route. Regarded by many as the best of the many trails at Kielder this route has something for everyone.
Search for red squirrels and discover their way of life in a changing world. Join professional naturalist, Bruce Ferguson, to track down one of Britain's best loved animals.


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JewsJews
Drizzy Drake's profanity-laced 're-bar mitzvah' video stirs controversy
Posted in Jews By Choice – 13 April 2012 – 1 comment
drake-jew
Thanks to hip hop mega star Drake's latest promo vid, there are presently much more eyes concentrating on Church Israel's bimah than there are even in the High Vacations . And although the song's words are decidedly more profane than holy, the Reform synagogue's president asserted he was hoping the video would help Jewish youth connect to Judaism.
The video, parts of which were filmed in the Miami shul's refuge, alleges to picture Drake's "re-bar mitzvah," showing the Jewish rapper reading from what seems to be a Torah.
But the concomitant song, "HYFR" ( Hell Yep F***ing Right ), has zilch to do with a bar mitzvah. Rather, it features profanity-filled and sexually unrestricted words.
The video had gathered well over 1,000,000 perspectives by Wed. , only 5 days after its release. Initially, Church Israel's president, Ben Kuehne, recounted the video — words apart — is "an welcoming of spiritual passage." He claimed, "It's not a blasphemous message ; it isn't an antireligious message." But once Kuehne had an opportunity to review the video and the words closer, he announced, "The complete video is definitely not consistent with Church Israel's longstanding history and status as a progressive voice in the Jewish Reform movement." He added, "Temple Israel doesn't adopt, condone, or sponsor any side of the Drake video, and wasn't concerned in its production." Nonetheless , Kuehne asserted, he was hoping "Jewish youth will see the Drake video at least in part as a reminder to 're-commit ' themselves to their Jewish religion." Drake, whose actual name is Aubrey Graham, was raised by his Jewish mummy in Toronto and attended a Jewish day college.
"I went to a Jewish college, where no-one knew what it was love to be black and Jewish," he told Heeb mag in 2010. "When youngsters are young it is hard for them to grasp the make-up of faith and race." The video for "HYFR" opens with a clip of Drake as a boy at a bar mitzvah party announcing "mazel tov" and then cuts to him as a grown up wearing a yarmulke and prayer scarf as he's shown allegedly reading the Torah at Church Israel's bimah. A caption at the start of the video claims the rapper "chose to get re-bar mitzvah'd as a re-commitment to the Jewish faith." The staged pictures of the alleged rite is followed by party and dancing scenes filmed some place else. In a number of ways, it seems like a normal OTT bar mitzvah party — only in this situation, the bar mitzvah "boy" is a very famous musician who is joined by hip hop producer DJ Khaled and fellow rapper Lil Wayne wearing a panda mask. The camera pans a food table with bagels and what seems to be gefilte fish and smoked fish. Drake is shown being lifted in a chair and later battering a cake with its Torah scroll decorations. Kuehne announced that those concerned in the filming were "very deferential and utilised the church inside and outside as we might have anticipated any person to do." He revealed the producers of the video paid the standard rental charge for the utilisation of the synagogue's facilities. Kuehne said the synagogue's Torah scroll wasn't used and therefore the scenes where Drake seems to be rapping in the refuge were inserted post-production. "None of the song's words were sung in the Church Israel Sanctuary," he revealed.
Yitz Jordan, an Orthodox Jewish rapper who goes by the stage name Y-Love, told JTA he's excited to see Drake in public welcoming his Judaism.
"I've been asserting for ages 'What's it going to take to put Drake in a yarmulke,'" Y-Love asserted. "I've been clamouring for Drake's Jewish visibility forever." He discharged the words, exclaiming he does not hear Drake for the content. "You're not especially sitting there trying to find out more about the system of wealth distribution in America," Y-Love related. "I'm enraptured solely to see Drake in a yarmulke period." He added, "This is likely to help a large amount of Jewish youngsters of colour stand up in the hood. Drake's doing this is truly likely to help those kids." The video's director, Director X, told Vibe mag that filming the video last month was a "lot of fun." "We were awfully deferential of the faith and all that occurs there," he claimed. "So everybody took care with brooding about what's what, but at the very same time, it's Drake, he's twenty-four having a re-bar mitzvah. So it does have a comedy part by the eventuality itself." The video also had its defenders. "Drake is Jewish, his ma is Jewish and he was raised in Jewish religion," one wrote.
"In this video he shows his recognition and essentially claims that is what I am." Grantland blogger Rembert Browne sees the video as an expression of Drake's 2nd growing up.
"Coming to terms with who you actually are, in public, is an indication of adultness, and with this video it's clear that his process of doing this is at the least under way," Browne wrote. He further said he never had seen Drake "as cheerful, on-camera, as he's in these party scenes. The look on his face screams, 'Finally, I'm able to be myself.' ".
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One Response to Drizzy Drake's profanity-laced 're-bar mitzvah' video stirs controversy
Coralina says:
i find it very interesting and educational. thanks for posting anyway.
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Hurricane Gaston reforms, moves northwest in the Atlantic
MIAMI (AP) — Hurricane Gaston has reformed, gathering strength as it moves northwestward in the Atlantic.
The U.S. National Hurricane Center in Miami says Gaston reformed as a hurricane Saturday night, clocking 85 mph (140 kph) winds. The storm was located about 655 miles (1,055 kilometers) east southeast of Bermuda. Gaston was moving at about 8 mph (13 kph).
Hurricane-force winds extended outward up to 15 miles (30 kilometers) from the center and tropical-storm-force winds extend outward up to 140 miles (220 kilometers).
There were no coastal watches or warnings in effect early Sunday.
Forecasters say Gaston should slow down during the next day or so and turn northward on Monday.


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Have A$AP Rocky and Chanel Iman split?
By Lauren Smith
We heard a while back that Chanel Iman could be "secretly engaged" to rapper A$AP Rocky, but now it sounds like that's not happening - and the couple have split for good, according to reports.
E! News are claiming that the couple have called it quits after a year of dating.
"They are no longer together. This happened about a few weeks ago," a source told the website. "It was just not working out with both of their busy travel schedules."
The reason behind the break-up? The rapper and supermodel's busy and conflicting schedules: "Time away from each other played a big part in the breakup" the source added.
Topshop to auction Met Ball dresses for charity TONIGHT
Topshop to auction Met Ball dresses for Fashion Targets Breast Cancer - Celebrity Fashion News on GLAMOUR.COM UK
Sad news for the hot Hollywood couple, who appeared in a romantic shoot in US Vogue together - but apparently there's no drama around the split:
"They don't have any hard feelings," the source continued. "[They] only want the best for each other in the long run".
Source: E! News
On Monday 7 April 2014, we wrote...
This could be a load of rubbish, but rumours are swirling and twirling that model Chanel Iman is "secretly engaged" to rapper A$AP Rocky.
There aren't too many details at this moment, but according to Page Six, the couple, who have been dating for about a year, are engaged and that she "happily accepted his proposal."
A$AP Rocky dances with his gf Chanel Iman in Vogue
Rapper A$AP Rocky dances with girlfriend Chanel Iman in Vogue - Celebrity Fashion News on GLAMOUR.COM UK
The 25-year-old rapper, and 23-year-old model (a former Victoria's Secret angel no less) have decided to keep the engagement to themselves at the moment.
Last year A$AP supported Rihanna on some of her Diamonds World Tour, leading to speculation the pair were together. He slammed the reports, insisting there was nothing between them and he was only interested in his girlfriend Chanel Iman.
Talking about the Rihanna rumours, he said: "That's really a friend. She supports me, man. She's bringing me out, she ain't have to do that. That girl came to my Coachella a year ago," he said. "I got nothing but love for RiRi; that's the homey right there. I ain't tryin' to get in no trouble with no Rihanna rumours because I'm not f**kin' Rihanna. That's somebody else's."
SOURCE: PAGE SIX.
Ariana Grande's engagement ring is so unique (and it's sure to inspire a lot of Christmas proposals!)
Transgender parents Jake and Hannah Graf on what having a baby during a pandemic is really like
"Our baby Millie is the focal point of our life."
What 3 women have learnt from 2020 - a year like no other
'Unprecedented' will forever be 2020's legacy.
Jade, Perry and Leigh-Anne have spoken out about Jesy leaving Little Mix, and their statement is so touching
BRB need to wipe our eyes.
Pen and paper at the ready! The cast of Love Actually have reunited to bring us a Christmas quiz all about our favourite festive film
The ultimate virtual Christmas activity.


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