Reversible Competitive inhibition occurs when substrate (S) and inhibitor (I) both bind to the same site on the enzyme. In effect, they compete for the active site and bind in a mutually exclusive fashion. This is illustrated in the chemical equations and molecular cartoon below.
There is another type of inhibition that would give the same kinetic data. If S and I bound to different sites, and S bound to E and produced a conformational change in E such that I could not bind (and vice versa), then the binding of S and I would be mutually exclusive. This is called allosteric competitive inhibition. Inhibition studies are usually done at several fixed and non-saturating concentrations of I and varying S concentrations.
The key kinetic parameters to understand are Vm and Km. Let us assume for ease of equation derivation that I binds reversibly, and with rapid equilibrium to E, with a dissociation constant Kis. The "s" in the subscript "is" indicates that the slope of the 1/v vs 1/S Lineweaver-Burk plot changes while the y intercept stays constant. Kis is also named Kic where the subscript "c" stands for competitive inhibition constant.
A look at the top mechanism shows that even in the presence of I, as S increases to infinity, all E is converted to ES. That is, there is no free E to which I could bind. Now remember that Vm= kcatEo. Under these condition, ES = Eo; hence v = Vm. Vm is not changed. However, the apparent Km, Kmapp, will change. We can use LaChatelier's principle to understand this. If I binds to E alone, and not ES, it will shift the equilibrium of E + S <==> ES to the left, which would have the affect of increasing the Km app (i.e. it would appear that the affinity of E and S has decreased.). The double reciprocal plot (Lineweaver Burk plot) offers a great way to visualize the inhibition. In the presence of I, Vm does not change, but Km appears to increase. Therefore, 1/Km, the x-intercept on the plot will get smaller, and closer to 0. Therefore the plots will consists of a series of lines, with the same y intercept (1/Vm), and the x intecepts (-1/Km) closer and closer to the 0 as I increases. These intersecting plots are the hallmark of competitive inhibition.
Note that in the first three inhibition models discussed in this section, the Lineweaver-Burk plots are linear in the presence and absence of inhibitor. This suggests that plots of v vs S in each case would be hyperbolic and conform to the usual form of the Michaelis Menton equation, each with potentially different apparent Vm and Km values.
An equation, shown in the figure above, can be derived which shows the effect of the competitive inhibitor on the velocity of the reaction. The only change is that the Km term is multiplied by the factor 1+I/Kis. Hence Kmapp = Km(1+I/Kis). This shows that the apparent Km does increase as we predicted. Kis is the inhibitor dissociation constant in which the inhibitor affects the slope of the double reciprocal plot.
If the data was plotted as vo vs log S, the plots would be sigmoidal, as we saw for plots of ML vs log L in Chapter 5B. In the case of competitive inhibitor, the plot of vo vs log S in the presence of different fixed concentrations of inhibitor would consist of a series of sigmoidal curves, each with the same Vm, but with different apparent Km values (where Kmapp = Km(1+I/Kis), progressively shifted to the right. Enyzme kinetic data is rarely plotted this way, but simple binding data for the M + L < == > ML equilibrium, in the presence of different inhibitor concentrations is.
Reconsider our discussion of the simple binding equilibrium, M + L <==> ML. When we wished to know how much is bound, or the fractional saturation, as a function of the log L, we considered three examples.
In other words, Y varies from 0-1 when L varies from log Kd by +2. Hence, plots of Y vs log L for a series of binding reactions of increasingly higher Kd (lower affinity) would reveal a series of identical sigmoidal curves shifted progressively to the right, as shown below.
The same would be true of vo vs S in the presence of different concentration of a competitive inhibitor, for initial flux, Jo vs ligand outside, in the presence of a competitive inhibitor, or ML vs L (or Y vs L) in the presence of a competitive inhibitor.
In many ways plots of v0 vs lnS are easier to visually interpret than plots of v0 vs S . As noted for simple binding plots, textbook illustrations of hyperbolas are often misdrawn, showing curves that level off too quickly as a function of [S] as compared to plots of v0 vs lnS, in which it is easy to see if saturation has been achieved. In addition, as the curves above show, multiple complete plots of v0 vs lnS at varying fixed inhibitor concentration or for variant enzyme forms (different isoforms, site-specific mutants) over a broad range of lnS can be made which facilitates comparisons of the experimental kinetics under these different conditions. This is especially true if Km values differ widely.
Now that you are more familiar with binding, flux, and enzyme kinetics curves, in the presence and absence of inhibitors, you should be able to apply the above analysis to inhibition curves where the binding, initial flux, or the initial velocity is plotted at varying competitive inhibitor concentration at different fixed concentration nonsaturating concentrations of ligand or substrate. Consider the activity of an enzyme. Lets say that at some reasonable concentration of substrate (not infinite), the enzyme is approximately 100% active. If a competitive inhibitor is added, the activity of the enzyme would drop until at saturating (infinite) I, no activity would remain. Graphs showing this are shown below.
A special case of competitive inhibition: the specificity constant: In the previous chapter, the specificity constant was defined as kcat/KM which we also described as the second order rate constant associated with the bimolecular reaction of E and S when S << KM. It also describes how good an enzyme is in differentiating between different substrates. If has enzyme encounters two substrates, one can be considered to be a competitive inhibitor of the other. The following derivation shows that the ratio of initial velocities for two competing substrates at the same concentration is equal to the ratio of their kcat/KM values.
Reversible uncompetitive inhibition occurs when I binds only to ES and not free E. One can hypothesize that on binding S, a conformational change in E occurs which presents a binding site for I. Inhibition occurs since ESI can not form product. It is a dead end complex which has only one fate, to return to ES. This is illustrated in the chemical equations and molecular cartoon below.
Let us assume for ease of equation derivation that I binds reversibly to ES with a dissociation constant Kii. The second "i" in the subscript "ii" indicates that the intercept of the 1/v vs 1/S Lineweaver-Burk plot changes while the slope stays constant. Kii is also named Kiu, where the subscript "u" stands for the uncompetitive inhibition constant.
A look at the top mechanism shows that in the presence of I, as S increases to infinity, not all of E is converted to ES. That is, there is a finite amount of ESI, even at infinite S. Now remember that Vm = kcatEo if and only if all E is in the form ES . Under these conditions, the apparent Vm, Vmapp is less than the real Vm without inhibitor. In addition, the apparent Km, Kmapp, will change. We can use LaChatelier's principle to understand this. If I binds to ES alone, and not E, it will shift the equilibrium of E + S <==> ES to the right , which would have the affect of decreasing the Kmapp (i.e. it would appear that the affinity of E and S has increased.). The double reciprocal plot (Lineweaver Burk plot) offers a great way to visualize the inhibition. In the presence of I, both Vm and Km decrease. Therefore, -1/Km, the x-intercept on the plot, will get more negative, and 1/Vm will get more positive. It turns out that they change to the same extent. Therefore the plots will consist of a series of parallel lines, which is the hallmark of uncompetitive inhibition.
An equation, shown in the diagram above, can be derived which shows the effect of the uncompetitive inhibitor on the velocity of the reaction. The only change is that the S term in the denominator is multiplied by the factor 1+I/Kii. We would like to rearrange this equation to show how Km and Vm are affected by the inhibitor, not S, which obviously isn't. Rearranging the equation as shown above shows that Kmapp = Km/(1+I/Kii) and Vmapp = Vm/(1+I/Kii). This shows that the apparent Km and Vm do decrease as we predicted. Kii is the inhibitor dissociation constant in which the inhibitor affects the intercept of the double reciprocal plot. Note that if I is zero, Km and Vm are unchanged.
Reversible noncompetitive inhibition occurs when I binds to both E and ES. We will look at only the special case in which the dissociation constants of I for E and ES are the same. This is called noncompetiive inhibition. It is quite rare as it would be difficult to imagine a large inhibitor which inhibits the turnover of bound substrate having no effect on binding of S to E. However covalent interaction of protons with both E and ES can lead to noncompetitive inhibition. In the more general case, the Kd's are different, and the inhibition is called mixed. Since inhibition occurs, we will hypothesize that ESI can not form product. It is a dead end complex which has only one fate, to return to ES or EI. This is illustrated in the chemical equations and in the molecular cartoon below.
Let us assume for ease of equation derivation that I binds reversibly to E with a dissociation constant of Kis (as we denoted for competitive inhibition) and to ES with a dissociation constant Kii (as we noted for uncompetitive inhibition). Assume for noncompetitive inhibition that Kis = Kii. A look at the top mechanism shows that in the presence of I, as S increases to infinity, not all of E is converted to ES. That is, there is a finite amount of ESI, even at infinite S. Now remember that Vm = kcatEo if and only if all E is in the form ES . Under these conditions, the apparent Vm, Vmapp is less than the real Vm without inhibitor. In contrast, the apparent Km, Kmapp, will not change since I binds to both E and ES with the same affinity, and hence will not perturb that equilibrium, as deduced from LaChatelier's principle. The double reciprocal plot (Lineweaver Burk plot) offers a great way to visualize the inhibition. In the presence of I, just Vm will decrease. Therefore, -1/Km, the x-intercept will stay the same, and 1/Vm will get more positive. Therefore the plots will consists of a series of lines intersecting on the x axis, which is the hallmark of noncompetitive inhibition. You should be able to figure out how the plots would appear if Kis is different from Kii (mixed inhibition).
An equation, shown in the diagram above can be derived which shows the effect of the noncompetitive inhibitor on the velocity of the reaction. In the denominator, Km is multiplied by 1+I/Kis, and S by 1+I/Kii. We would like to rearrange this equation to show how Km and Vm are affected by the inhibitor, not S, which obviously isn't. Rearranging the equation as shown above shows that Kmapp = Km(1+I/Kis)/(1+I/Kii) = Km when Kis=Kii, and Vmapp = Vm/(1+I/Kii). This shows that the Km is unchanged and Vm decreases as we predicted. The plot shows a series of lines intersecting on the x axis. Both the slope and the y intercept are changed, which are reflected in the names of the two dissociation constants, Kis and Kii. Note that if I is zero, Kmapp = Km and Vmapp = Vm. Sometimes the Kis and Kii inhibition dissociations constants are referred to as Kc and Ku (competitive and uncompetitive inhibition dissociation constants.
Mixed (and non-)competitive inhibition (as shown by mechanism above) differ from competitive and uncompetiive inhibition in that the inhibitor binding is not simply a dead end reaction in which the inhibitor can only dissociate in a single reverse step. In the above equilibrium, S can dissociate from ESI to form EI so the system may not be at equilibrium. With dead end steps, no flux of reactants occurs through the dead end complex so the equilibrium for the dead end step is not perturbed.
Other mechanisms can commonly give mixed inhibition. For example, the product released in a ping pong mechanism (discussed in the next chapter) can give mixed inhibition.
If P, acting as a product inhibitor, can bind to two different forms of the enzyme (E' and also E), it will act as an mixed inhibitor.
4/26/13 Wolfram Mathematica CDF Player - Mixed Inhibition v vs S curves (start sliders at high values) (free plugin required). Note where the inhibited and inhibited curves intersect at different values of Kis and Kii (in the graph termed Kc and Ku).
If you can apply LeChatilier's principle, you should be able to draw the Lineweaver-Burk plots for any scenario of inhibition or even the opposite case, enzyme activation!
Mathcad: Effect of pH on enzyme catalysis (by Paul Krause, Chemistry Department, Univ. of Central Arkansas.


JLP wants to know how much you spend on your household bills.
FMF has some tips for improving your home's value with a steam cleaner.
But MBH disagrees… According to him, you're better off hiring a professional carpet cleaner.
Flexo wants to know how you're benefits stack up… I'm actually in the midst of sorting through my benefits options at my new job, so this is in the forefront of my mind right now.
Jonathan points out that Treasury Direct has jumped on the bandwagon and implemented a more secure login. It actually looks pretty good if you ask me — the fact that it's clickable means keyboard loggers won't beat it, and the fact that they appear to scramble the locations of the buttons means that it won't be susceptible to spyware that tracks mouse movements.
Freedumb questions whether or not the young should be uber-agressive when investing. I tend to agree, and think that everybody has to find their comfort zone.
Please also be sure to drop by the MBN's personal finance forum… Lots of good stuff going on over there, including a discussion of where to find the highest CD rates.
Nickel, thank you for the mention!


Lets see this is harder than I though...... I love to travel (discovering new places, cultures and people), I enjoy walking, hiking, concerts, shows and spending time with family and friends. I have learnt over the years life is too short, to seize the day and all opportunities to try new things without any regrets. Start as friends see where it goes.


Say what you will about love conquering all, sometimes you have to go the distance for your relationship to last. So, since prevention is better than cure, here are five ways you can put in the elbow grease to make sure you and your love remain in tune in heart, mind, body and soul.
Excess is definitely not best when it comes to your love. In fact, you may very well be smothering your lover without realising it. So, maintain a healthy union by balancing time spent together, with time spent apart. Plus, you know how they say absence makes the heart grow fonder? Imagine how satisfying it must feel to see your love after a period of absence and express your shared sentiments through bouts of lustful romance as well as experience firsthand just how much you were missed.
They often say when you lose one sense, the others are automatically heighten. So if your love is not physically with you, you will have to come up with creative ways of communicating. We're in the technological era, and with so many means to choose from, you have absolutely no excuse. When it comes to intimacy, be open to flirty and dirty talk to keep the spark alive.
Be the Dora to his Diego, and let him be the Diego to your Dora by exploring activities together. This might mean watching a movie your partner likes, or reading the same book and discussing it after. How about treating your partner to something they always wanted to do by booking tickets for them?
Strangers may pose a real problem to your relationship, if they see an opportunity to swoop in on you as their target of affection. Don't entertain it, especially if you just had a lover's spat. Stranger will mean danger.
Set a realistic goals in your relationship such as moving in together. Remain honest with your love if anything changes — you owe it to each other to be on the same page, in the same chapter of the book of love.


These articles are all about why we do business. There are lots of thoughts in this section about the sort of things that go through the head of a business geek like me, so this is where you'll find my thoughts about business models, pricing, the meaning of money, our purpose in running a business and the things I come across through in my travels as a business adviser.
Remarkable Business is now open!
What's the point of worrying about your business?


We all tend to go easy on ourselves and succumb to the sinful food just because "winter won't last forever!" But hey, it's time to detox a bit now. And believe me it's not as difficult as it sounds.
Simply switch to Black rice - gluten free, gut-friendly, a natural cleanser and rich in powerful natural black color pigments - anthocyanin antioxidants.
Rinse your Black Rice well with clean water 2-3 times.
For 1 cup black rice add 3 cups water. Cook in pressure cooker on medium flame. After first whistle, reduce flame to low and let it cook for 15 minutes more. (total cooking time approx 30 mins). Remove from heat and let it cool.
Add coconut milk/ milk and enjoy with fresh fruits for your everyday Healthy Breakfast.
You can also simply top it with your favourite greens for a yummy Buddha Bowl. It tastes wonderful for celebrations as kheer/pudding too!
Invest your time in good health. Black Rice makes it easy and fun!
The extra 15 minutes spent in cooking this Black Rice will heal your body. Prefer organically grown and unpolished black rice which will give you highest antioxidants. Polishing would remove the black natural pigment of this rice and all the health benefits too, making the cooking time definitely shorter but not so healthy anymore!
Once cooked black rice has a sticky texture, nutty and earthy in flavour with a distinct beautiful aroma. And yes, it stays black/ deep purple even once cooked :) when infused with milk/ water it also gives the dish a natural gorgeous lavender color – that's all the anthocyanin pigments. So much goodness!
Where to get it from? FOR8 is a passion project about 8 sibling states of North East India – the seven sisters and eighth brother Sikkim. It is a group of young folks with a common dream, led by Mudita Akoijam, all working towards a common goal - to bring you the purest natural produce from this pristine region some of them call home :) "At FOR8 we are constantly working with chefs worldwide to explore wider applications of this super food called Black Rice," says Mudita.
Honeymoon Dessert (black rice with coconut milk and fresh mangoes) – a pure summer delight, it's a must have for all mango lovers.
Sunday Brunch Salad Bowl - The unique texture of this rice goes very well with anything that has a nice bite to it and is chewy. So once cooked, top up your bowl of black rice with your favorite greens, herbs, spices, some olive oil and lemon juice and enjoy.
Black Rice Morning Cereal Bowl with Berries - My personal favourite! Though the name is long, this healthy breakfast dish comes together in minutes. In this breakfast bowl recipe, we used almond milk and fresh berries, but any milk and fruit would work. Also, I had some granola on hand so I sprinkled some on top, but you can easily substitute it with any of your favorite nuts. Needless to say, this makes an incredibly healthy and filling breakfast recipe that you can serve to all your family.
The not so vegan dishes – Black Rice absorbs the flavours of a poached egg with great perfection. Just add salt, pepper to your poached egg and meal it with black rice. Alternatively, chicken bowl works very well with black rice too.
Going traditional – For those with a sweet tooth, in times of celebrations Black Rice is a table stopper! As prepared in its place of origin - Manipur, it is absolutely delicious in the exotic Black Rice Kheer/ Pudding. Slow cooking would make your pudding richer, so hang on if you have the patience. Otherwise post pressure cooking using our 3 step process – cook for few minutes with milk/coconut milk, nuts, and jaggery. Serve warm/chilled depending on weather and mood!


text:
A startup says it's began releasing particles in the atmosphere, in an effort to tweak the climate
News Center — December 25, 2022 comments off
"It's morally wrong, in my opinion, for us not to be doing this — and to do this as quickly and safely as we can," he says.
Wildly premature
But dedicated experts in the field think such efforts are wildly premature and could have the opposite effect from what Iseman expects.
"The current state of science is not good enough … to either reject, or to accept, let alone implement" solar geoengineering, wrote Janos Pasztor, executive director of the Carnegie Climate Governance Initiativewhich is calling for insight of geoengineering and other climate-altering technologies, whether by governments, international accords or scientific bodies, in an email. "To go ahead with implementation at this stage is a very bad idea," he added, comparing it to Chinese scientist He Jiankui's decision to use CRISPR to edit the DNA of embryos while the scientific community was still debating the safety and ethics of such a step.
Shuchi Talati, a scholar-in-residence at American University who is forming a nonprofit focused on solar geoengineering governance and justice, says Make Sunset's actions could set back the scientific field, reducing funding, dampening government support for trusted research and accelerating calls to restrict studies.
The company's behavior plays into long-held fears that a "rogue" actor with no particular knowledge of atmospheric science or the technology could unilaterally choose to geoengineer the climate, without any kind of consensus around whether it's OK to do so — or what the appropriate The global average temperature should be. That's because it's relatively cheap and technically simple to do, at least in a crude way.
David Victor, a political scientist at the University of California San Diego, warned of such a scenario more than a decade ago, noting that a "Greenfinger, self-appointed protector of the planet … could force a lot of geoengineering on his own," invoking the classic Goldfinger character from a 1964 James Bond movie, best remembered for murdering a woman by painting her gold.
Some observers were quick to draw parallels between Make Sunsets and a decade-old incident in which an American entrepreneur reportedly poured a hundred tons of iron sulfate into the ocean, in an effort to spawn a plankton bloom that could aid salmon populations and suck down carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Critics say it violated international restrictions on what's known as iron fermentation in which inspired By a growing number of commercial proposals to sell carbon credits for such work, and argue it subsequently stunted research efforts in the field.
Pasztor and others stressed Make Sunset's efforts underscore the urgent need to establish broad-based oversight and clear rules to guide responsible research in geoengineering, and help determine whether or under what conditions there should be a social license to move forward with experiential MIT Technology Review first reportedthe Biden administration is developing a federal research plan that would guide how scientists proceed with geoengineering studies.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


fashionistarocks | It's all about Fashion!
Maxi dresses are a great choice for casual dressing for every woman. Get yourself a maxi dress today and flaunt your inner Goddess.
Before you go about skipping the option of buying a maxi dress for one or the other reason, we would like to remind you something. What is the most common, deliciously feminine-wear across the world that lets a girl flaunt as much or as little she wants to? That's right! A maxi dress! So, whatever may have been your reasons for scooting over to the next clothing catalog, for the sake of your love for fashion we ask you to revisit the casual maxi dress section and discover a trend which you may have been missing for this while.
Maxi dresses, interestingly, come in many designs and cuts to compliment different body shapes in women. There are a few thumb rules to make sure you are picking out most well suited maxi dress for yourself. For example, if you are a plus size woman you may want to buy those maxi dresses which come with thick straps and are not backless. Plus size women must also avoid dramatic floral prints and horizontal stripes, even if the stripes are thin in design. Also you must try to wear darker shades or busy print. You may even want stick with those which have nice, lose sleeves. Anything above knee length is a strict no-no!
Maxi dresses with waist bands are a great way to make the waist look thinner. They also flatten out the curves at the right places by being immediately under the bust line.
Since the design part of the casual maxi dress is very critical you will need to buy it from an online store which provides comprehensive information about each dress. It is for this reason that the professionally managed websites display the dress worn by models so as to give a precise idea about the style of the dress. Also, you may want to keep a watchful eye on the popular stores to buy only the current trend. When it comes to evergreen styles, V-necked or Sweetheart shaped medium maxi dress of medium lengths are great choices. Bring together some interesting accessories with your maxi dress and you are all set to head out and have a nice time with your friends. If your maxi dress is too short you can pair it with leggings and look fabulous!


The Colorado Great Wolf Lodge is now taking reservations!
Even more exciting, the resort is currently taking reservations starting 12/26/2016 through 6/30/2017. That's right! A family adventure could be your family Christmas present or perhaps a way to celebrate the New Year together. It doesn't matter what the occasion, your family will have a great time exploring and enjoying the resort together. Need even more of a reason to book your vacation? If you book before September 30, 2016 and use promo code "GRAND" you'll receive up to 30% off in celebration of their Grand Opening!
They haven't released much more information regarding the opening, so for now we will just have to be excited about these new construction photo updates.
I'd love to hear when you are planning your next Great Wolf Lodge adventure! Leave me a comment letting me know if you've been to any of their locations before and when/if you plan on visiting this one.


text:
Girl Scout History Project
From Camp to Cloud: Daisy Goes Digital!
2023 Girl Scout Convention Preview #1
Frances Hesselbein, Girl Scout Legend
Girl Scout Beauty Rest Tips
Cookie museum
Council's Own Badges museum
leader magazine archive
#girlscoutcookies #girlscouthistory #girlscouts #gsgoldaward #GSUSAAreYouListening Boy Scouts camping Camp May Flather communism first ladies Girl Scout Girl Scout badges Girl Scout camps Girl Scout cookies Girl Scout Council of the Nation's Capital Girl Scout history Girl Scouting Girl Scout memorabilia girl scout museum Girl Scouts Girl Scouts of America Girl Scouts of the Nations Capital Girl Scouts of the USA Girl Scout uniforms Golden Eaglet Grace Coolidge GSCNC gshistory GSUSA GSUSA camps handbooks Juliette Gordon Low Juliette Gordon Low Birthplace Kentuckiana Girl Scout Council lou henry hoover museums archives Our Cabana Our Chalet Red Scare Rockwood SCAD sylvia acevedo White House World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts World Thinking Day
This site is an independent history project and not affiliated, associated, authorized, endorsed by, or in any way officially connected with the Girl Scouts of the USA, or any of its councils. The official and national Girl Scout website can be found at http://www.girlscouts.org. The Girl Scout name as well as related marks, designs, emblems and images are owned by Girl Scouts of the USA.
Tag: #duttonsdirtydiggers
Dutton's Dirty Diggers
Finding programs to keep teenagers in Girl Scouting has always been a challenge. The four Senior Roundups may be the best known of these programs, but they certainly were not the only ones.
Three years ago I was introduced to the Senior Girl Scout Archaeological Camps. Between 1947 and 1957, over 300 Seniors (high-school age) participated. The University of Utah Press has just published a history of this early STEM program. Dutton's Dirty Diggers, by Catherine S. Fowler.
Dr. Fowler participated in several expeditions and, like many other veterans of the program, chose to pursue a career in anthropology. She uses her own diaries from the program and those of several other participants to take readers out to the dusty desert, bumping along in vehicles that blew tires several times each day.
Dr. Bertha Dutton, program coordinator, National Parks Service
The program offered two-week long camping caravans and archaeological excavations that introduced teenage girls to the rich cultural and scientific heritage of the American Southwest as well as new career possibilities. Unlike the Roundups, girls could participate several times, allowing them to follow the painstaking progress of the selected sites.
The star of the book is Dr. Bertha Dutton, a curator at the Museum of New Mexico who served as trip leader. The girls' respect and affection for Dr. Dutton is evident throughout the book, and many of the girls stayed in touch with her for years.
The National Parks Service has developed classroom materials on "Bert" and the Girl Scout program.
https://www.nps.gov/teachers/classrooms/scouts-shovels-bertha-dutton.htm
GSUSA ended the program after 1957, judging the experimental program a success. Staff at GSUSA announced that it was time for local councils to sponsor similar programs. Without Dr. Dutton's charisma and intense involvement in the curriculum, local archaeological programs failed to take hold.
The fully illustrated book is a fun read and available at Barnes and Noble and Amazon.
The volume is already getting positive reviews!
Posted on February 11, 2021 Categories Destinations, High Adventure, Outdoors, STEMTags #bertdutton, #duttonsdirtydiggers1 Comment on Dutton's Dirty Diggers
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It's easy to see where the confusion occurs. In their defense, it's in the name. However, we proudly specialize in the field of video production.
At Glass Eye, we believe that the best way to create quality footage is for us to be completely connected to the process, so our philosophy is that the camera lenses should truly become our eyes during production. We also believe that having high quality camera gear and lenses is of the utmost importance in creating the ideal product. We keep our cameras and gear up-to-date. Our most recent camera purchase is a RED 8K Cinematic HD Camera, complemented by a Prime Lens Package.
The name of our company has proven to be memorable as well. Over the many years we have been in production, we are happy that Glass Eye Productions is a name that our clients have embraced and remembered. Here's a look back at some of our logo designs over the years where the concept of "glass eye" was incorporated into the design.


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Family and friends can push the wrong buttons. They know you, and even after years of therapy, they can send the most emotionally stable holiday celebrant into a tailspin.
Here are a few tips from DCCCD experts about how to add some peace to your holidays.
Slow down. Smell the flowers. You don't have to attend every family event, run to every sale or purchase gifts for everyone who buys for you, human behavior experts say.
"The holidays have become an all-too-familiar hustle and bustle," said Johnny Castro, a faculty member who specializes in family studies and human development at Brookhaven College. "Take a stance against overdoing and overspending during the holidays. I tell people all the time that less is more."
Castro sees holidays as a great time to see family and friends — but not all during the rush of the season. Sending regrets is not a social blunder. "You can't make every event, and you shouldn't," Castro said. "Avoid the hype. Don't create an environment of overstimulation."
Children come with their own set of unrealistic expectations. Oftentimes, their toys are not toys but "blow-up-the-budget" electronics, Castro observed.
"Take a stance against 'more is more,'" he said. "It is important to make and stick to a holiday budget because all of those December sales will become bills in January."
In addition to monitoring children, keep tabs on the elderly. Castro suggests checking for signs of fatigue and stress in older adults. Sometimes a short walk or a quick nap is in order.
For people who are already overspent, overwrought and overindulged, experts suggest a self-imposed "time out" for the entire family, including children.
Children are grand manipulators. They know how to get what they want. But parents have the power to set limits, Castro said.
"If they have one or two really good gifts, that's probably enough," Castro said. "Parents feel the need to want to buy all of these things. A 2-year-old getting a phone is probably something you need to hold off on."
Instead, parents should concentrate on a child's needs. Usually, one or two items are sufficient.
"Parents feel validated if they buy something the child really needs," Castro said. "Children get bored easily. Whatever gift you buy, they end up playing with the box. It's really easy to get into the trap of buying what's popular rather than what the child needs or is interested in."
The holidays also can be difficult for people who have lost family members during the year. Expecting a perfect holiday is especially trying for those who have lost loved ones, said Steve Carter, who teaches human behavior and psychology at El Centro College.
"Sometimes it's hard to move completely away from a loss, so embrace the memories and share them," Carter said. "And know that extended sadness may be a sign of seasonal depression."
Castro suggests writing down a pleasant memory on a piece of colored paper, wrap ribbon around it and share that memory on Christmas or New Years. Seek out professional help during profound periods of sadness. "Don't suffer in silence," Carter added.
We can focus on other activities as we celebrate the holidays, Carter added. Volunteering is a healthy outlet that can make the holidays special. "If you find yourself lonely, often the most important gift you can give is caring," Carter said. "Volunteer opportunities abound. Find one that's meaningful to you, and make helping a tradition. You may find yourself happier after giving your time."
Alcohol should be limited to an acceptable amount because drinking does not make holidays less stressful. Instead, it magnifies problems, Carter said.
Laugh, because it can carry away stress.
Eliminate early morning rush by getting up a few minutes earlier.
Sleep 7 to 8 hours a day.
Smile, because January will soon be here.


County, in southeast Georgia, is the state's 144th county and comprises 367 square miles. It was created in 1905 from Emanuel, Montgomery, and Tattnall counties. It was named for Robert Toombs, a former U.S. congressman and senator who went on to serve the Confederacy as secretary of state and brigadier general. The land was originally held by Creek Indians. A large percentage of the earliest white settlers were Scots Highlanders, many of whom lived in North Carolina before they came to Georgia.
A land of forests and wiregrass, Toombs County was dominated by small farms concentrating on livestock, corn, and cotton during the nineteenth century. The arrival of railroads in the 1890s brought settlers from nearby counties and North Carolina. Interested in tapping the forests for timber and naval stores, the settlers built houses along the railroad lines, and towns sprang up around the clusters of homes.
the county seat, was incorporated in 1897. It was named in honor of the man who convinced the Seaboard Air Line Railway to build tracks through the town. The first courthouse, completed in 1906, burned down in 1917 and was rebuilt in 1919. The current courthouse was built in 1964.
Other incorporated towns in Toombs County are Santa Claus and Vidalia. Santa Claus, incorporated in 1941, was named by a local farmer who hoped the name would attract tourists to stop for his pecans. Vidalia, incorporated in 1890, was originally called Jenkins Station for its railroad depot, which was named after local landowner Warren T. Jenkins. There are conflicting stories regarding the origin of the name "Vidalia," the most likely being that it was assigned by a daughter of Samuel Hawkins, the president of the Savannah, Americus and Montgomery Railroad. She may have found the name on a document or map referring to Vidalia, Louisiana, or she may have contracted the words "via" and "dahlia" (by the route of the dahlias) to form the name. Current maps of Toombs County include the unincorporated communities of Cedar Crossing, Johnson Corner, Normantown, and Ohoopee.
the Great Depression brought the same kinds of social and economic problems to the county as were experienced across the nation, Toombs was able to rebound soon afterward, as the country prepared for and engaged in World War II (1941-45). During the war, a U.S. Army Air Force field was located in Vidalia, and large numbers of residents joined the military. Businesses supporting military personnel and industries supplying the war effort thrived. Prosperity continued after the war ended; Vidalia grew into a regional trade center and continues to flourish.
Tobacco was a large part of the county's early economy, but for decades the county's most famous crop has been the sweet Vidalia onion, which gave Vidalia the nickname "Sweet Onion Capital of the World." The onion is sold all over the United States and attracts tourists to Toombs County for the annual Vidalia Onion Festival.
number of noteworthy Georgians have called Toombs County home. Iris Faircloth Blitch, the first woman to serve two terms in the Georgia senate (1946-48 and 1952-54), later became one of the first women from Georgia to win a seat in the U.S. Congress (1955-63). Mel Blount, a professional football player for the Pittsburgh Steelers; James T. McIntyre, the director of the Office of Management and Budget during Jimmy Carter's presidency; and restaurateur Sema Americus Wilkes, proprietor of the nationally known Savannah restaurant Mrs. Wilkes' Dining Room, also resided in the county.
The John E. Ladson Genealogical and Historical Library, established in the 1940s by its namesake, is now housed and maintained by the Ohoopee Regional Library System in Vidalia.
Toombs County boasts several buildings and areas listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The Altama Museum of Art and History in Vidalia, housed in the Brazell House, holds several noteworthy permanent collections, including a large collection of Staffordshire porcelain and prints by John James Audubon, as well as a room dedicated to the history of the Girl Scouts. The Seaboard Air Line Railway Depot was built in 1930 and renovated in 1990 to serve as a community center for Lyons.
Southeastern Technical College operates several facilities within the county.
According to the 2010 U.S. census, the population of Toombs County was 27,223, an increase from the 2000 population of 26,067.
Lisa James, History of Toombs County (Vidalia, Ga.: privately printed, 1976).
William F. Ledford, A Pictorial History of Toombs and Montgomery Counties, Georgia (Marceline, Mo.: D-Books Publishing, 2002).
Cooksey, Elizabeth B. "Toombs County." New Georgia Encyclopedia. 25 October 2018. Web. 20 April 2019.


Roblox 2019 for Android is the place you can put your imagination into reality. You can meet many game creators like you in it and chat with them in the community. Just because it is the app for games, it does not mean that this is the app that allows you to play particular game. Instead, this app is here so you can make a game of your own. Everything you find in the app is that of all users' results when imagining, building, and playing together in its immersive 3D. This is the imagination media where creators make their game and developing it. Don't you feel like joining in? If so, this game is the one for you. Let's see what it has to offer below then.
Your imagination plays the biggest role here. As long as you have good idea, you can make the best game worth to play for. This app pretty much accommodates the place to make it come true. With its help, you can make the best playground, compete as professional car racer, become fashion artist or superhuman, or build your dream home and gather together with your friends. This is the safe place to do all of those things. It is under good control too. So, just put your ideas into reality here.
Since everything in Roblox is made by the users themselves, you can absolutely get together with them in various social games in it. There should be many friends and virtual surfers to meet, be it from PC, cellular device, tablet, console, and VR. The scale is massive that you can find many new friends here. Of course, there are chatting features to make good use of. That way, you can communicate with them and make your time more precious and wonderful with this app.


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Where next for Snap shares after sounding the alarm?
A group blog by IG in General
Entry posted by ArvinIG in Analyst article · May 31, 2022
Snap's share price hit a record of $83 last September. But it's now down by 82% to $15 a share, below its $17 IPO launch price.
Shares Snap Inc. Macroeconomics Spiegel (US retailer) Chief executive officer Inflation
Snap (NYSE: SNAP) shares have fallen by a third over the past week as CEO Evan Spiegel sent a note to staff, part of which was filed with the SEC, that presented a downgraded vision for short-term future growth.
But with 332 million daily active users, Snap's share price could now be a buying opportunity.
Snap share price: reality check
In its filing, the CEO told employees and investors that 'the macroeconomic environment has deteriorated further and faster than anticipated…we believe it is likely that we will report revenue and adjusted Ebitda below the low end of our Q2 2022 guidance range.' Worryingly, its Q2 revenue forecast was for 20% to 25% year-over-year growth and was already below analysts' estimates.
Speigel blamed 'rising inflation and interest rates, supply chain shortages and labor disruptions, platform policy changes, the impact of the war in Ukraine, and more.'
In April's Q1 results, the CEO had previously sounded an enthusiastic note, arguing they 'reflect the underlying momentum in our business through a challenging operating environment, as we grew our community 18% year-over-year to reach 332 million, and grew our revenue 38% year-over-year to reach $1.06 billion for the quarter.'
While revenue was up 38% year-over-year to a little over $1 billion, Q1 already had a flashing red warning sign; Snap's net loss had increased by 25% to $360 million from $287 million.
There are two key takeaways from the CEO's words. The first is that rather than fully committing to investing in further rapid growth, Snap is battening down the hatches. The second is the speed of the directional change, just one month after Q1 results.
Where next for Snap shares?
The depressive effect of Snap's update wasn't confined solely to its own share price, with Meta, Alphabet, Twitter, Pinterest and more losing a reported $200 billion in combined market value on a single update from the relatively minor player.
Given Snap's now $25 billion market cap, it's concerning how influential the announcement was. And many high growth tech companies, including Meta and Twitter, had already warned that growth would slow in this quarter.
Dan Suzuki, Deputy CIO at Richard Bernstein Advisors, told Bloomberg that social media companies 'are having to bring these unattainable, unrealistic investors' expectations back down to Earth…underlying growth is slowing as these companies mature and it gets more competitive.'
Atlantic Equities analysts concurred, saying that 'coming just a month after issuing guidance this would seem to highlight the current rapid pace of change in underlying economic conditions…Snap's warning is clearly a negative for all of the ad-supported peers.'
Like its competitors, Snap benefitted from a user surge during the pandemic as consumers worldwide were forced into government-mandated lockdowns. But people are now returning to offices, schools, and normal society, while wider macro factors are depressing its stock. However, as Piper Sandler analysts encouraged, it does mean 'this is more macro and industry-driven versus SNAP specific.'
However, Stifel analysts noted that SNAP 'is slightly more DR (direct response) than brand currently' and that these types of campaigns 'are likely starting to get hit a bit more from inflationary pressures.'
Spiegel is now in a tough spot. On one hand, he's conducting a spending review and has urged managers to slow hiring, saying 'our most meaningful gains over the coming months will come as a result of improved productivity from our existing team members.'
However, having increased headcount by 1,800 in 2021, and by a further 900 so far this year, the CEO still intends to increase growth. Despite the pessimistic tone, the company still expects to hire an additional 500 staff by end 2022. Arguably, employee pressure to perform is about to increase.
But it's important to contextualise this update. Snap's revenue exploded from $59 million in 2015 to $4.1 billion in 2021. And while growth will almost certainly slow down in the near term as advertisers reduce spend, the wider macro factors hitting Snap's share price will eventually subside. Spiegel's warning is about external factors, not an internal problem with Snap's business model.
And every contraction in advertising spend ever has been followed by a period of sustained growth. At $15 apiece, Snap shares could be a buying opportunity for investors with both the fortitude and the patience to hold long-term.
Trade over 16,000 international shares from zero commission with us, the UK's No.1 trading provider.* Learn more about trading shares with us, or open an account to get started today.
*Based on revenue excluding FX (published financial statements, June 2020).
Charles Archer | Financial Writer, London
Previous entry Natural gas futures price may soon decline as upside becomes overextended
Next entry Brent crude, EUR/USD and Bitcoin all advanced into the new week, what to expect next?
Commodity Markets: Lower Dollar & Yields, Higher Commodities Prices
By tradinglounge
By phillo
By MongiIG
Day Trading vs Swing Trading: Pros and Cons
tradinglounge posted a topic in General Trading Strategy Discussion, 22 hours ago
When it comes to active trading, there are two main approaches: day trading and swing trading. Both have their own set of advantages and disadvantages, and choosing the right approach depends on an individual trader's goals and risk tolerance. In this article, we will take a closer look at the pros and cons of day trading vs swing trading to help you determine which approach may be right for you.
MongiIG, 14 hours ago
Best FTSE 250 shares to buy in February 2023
MongiIG posted a blog entry in Market News, 14 hours ago
Direct Line, NCC Group, and Greencoat UK Wind could constitute three of the best FSTE 250 companies to consider next month.
Wall Street staged a comeback overnight: Nasdaq 100, Straits Times Index, CAD/JPY
Despite initial jitters over Microsoft's results overnight, equity bulls managed to retain control with major US indices paring almost all its losses by the close.


text:
Union Issues
Feminist Issues
Health + Social Services
Contract talks: where are we headed?
Contract talks continue almost nine months after the end of our collective agreement. These negotiations were always going to be challenging, and COVID-19 made them even more complex. Between Zoom conferences and meetings at the Treasury Board, we caught two members of the APTS executive committee and asked them to tell us what's happening. Emmanuel Breton is in charge of contract talks and Véronic Lapalme is in charge of mobilization.
BlueAPTS: Can you tell us, in a few words, where we are now?
Emmanuel Breton (EB): Our focus is on sectoral matters – working conditions that are specific to employees represented by the APTS. But the intensive negotiations we've had over the past few days have made it clear that the Legault government has not given the Treasury Board a mandate to discuss the issues that are at the root of the worst problems for our job class. We're talking about work overload, burn-out, and problems in attracting and retaining personnel.
We consulted local teams again in November. We wanted to be sure we were accurately identifying the issues that are non-negotiable and those that offer a way through. We got comments from 34 institutions, including all of the integrated centres. Now that we've checked back with our units, we're in position to negotiate with full awareness of what's at stake.
In September, we'd already gone through a process where we set priorities among our initial 120-odd demands, bringing them down to about twenty. We wanted to show our good faith in the COVID-19 context, and we hoped it would be mutual. So far, that hasn't been the case.
Véronic Lapalme (VL): In terms of intersectoral matters (pay, pension plan, parental rights and regional disparities), the government hasn't made any new proposals to the APTS-FIQ alliance since May. At the time, it was offering a paltry 5% pay increase over three years, in response to our demand for a 12.4% catch-up increase over the same period.
BlueAPTS: Has the health crisis removed the favourable context we thought we were going to have for these contract talks?
EB: Yes, that's clear. The context was favourable, but it's changed radically since 2019. Back then, we were facing a government with significant budget surpluses. Those have disappeared with the pandemic.
That said, not only are Québec's public finances doing relatively well despite the pandemic, but the government has several alternatives available to it[1] to increase its revenues and fund public services for Quebecers.
VL: Also, investments to restart the post-pandemic economy should include employment sectors where women predominate, and not just construction, which mainly involves men.
BlueAPTS: What's happening with the APTS-FIQ alliance now that the FIQ has reached an agreement in principle?
EB: The APTS-FIQ alliance is still relevant because the FIQ's agreement is only about their sectoral matters. The FIQ's special provincial bargaining committee had rejected the first agreement that was submitted to it, on the grounds that it didn't answer members' need to see a genuine difference in their day-to-day work. Faced with this refusal, the government made an extra effort to accommodate them. Since the FIQ only represents a few job titles, it's easier to bring them together around a few key demands. APTS members have more diverse work settings, which means the APTS has to work on several fronts to achieve significant change. There's greater complexity.
Before an overall agreement can be reached with the FIQ, there will also have to be an agreement on intersectoral matters. This implies that a sectoral agreement will have been reached with the APTS, and that both organizations will have accepted a pay offer sufficient to ease the legitimate dissatisfaction of our 131,000 members.
BlueAPTS: What if the government doesn't budge?
EB: In that case, the APTS will have to choose: either reduce its expectations, which would be pretty cruel given the efforts we've made so far, or stand its ground. This last option will require us to intensify our pressure tactics, possibly leading up to a strike over the next months. It also exposes us to a back-to-work order – which nobody wants, not even the government, because its image would suffer. In any case, if there's one thing the bargaining team won't do, it's reach an agreement in principle that wouldn't satisfy a majority of our members.
BlueAPTS: What is your strategy as you face these perspectives?
VL: We need to work hard to increase APTS visibility, ratchet up the pressure, and make more people aware of the nature of our demands, which are reasonable and justified. There will be actions over the coming weeks – we'll adapt them according to what happens at the bargaining table.
BlueAPTS: How can we show our support for the bargaining committee without violating health measures?
VL: With physical distancing, we've lost the power dynamic you get with a large number of people in the street. That's just a fact. We can't have a major demonstration with people from all over Québec because we're supposed to avoid travelling from one region to another. We're organizing actions with a limited number of people, and precautions are strictly observed – in some cases, visors are worn and temperatures are taken.
BlueAPTS: What if the government were to offer something worth looking at?
EB: As soon as that happens, our small team at the bargaining table will convene the national bargaining committee, which is made up of about fifty people. If the agreement in principle is endorsed by this committee, it will then be submitted to the General Council – that's about 200 elected representatives. The final stage will be to hold special general assemblies in each unit so that all members can have their say.
BlueAPTS: How can members follow developments at the bargaining table?
VL: Members of the provincial executive toured extensively over the summer to meet APTS members in Québec's regions. Unfortunately, it's impossible to hold multiple encounters of this kind, but to make up for the loss of direct contact, we have the negoapts.com website, the Info Négo newsletter, and the utterly useful Facebook. Above all, keep in touch with your local executive – they'll know what's happening thanks to established channels of communication. Stand by to answer their call!
[1] On this topic, see the article "Après la pandémie, l'austérité?"
Photo: Demonstration in Montréal on December 15, 2020, in front of the building where Premier François Legault was holding a press conference to announce that stricter confinement measures would be in force until January.
Interview by Chantal Mantha
Union Issues | COLLECTIVE AGREEMENT | Contract talks | MOBILIZATION | News
Vital professions: in your own words
These negotiations are vital!
Black perspectives on the health and social services system
Fighting racism the way we fought sexism
Lower group insurance premiums for 2020
COVID-19 and labs: a (poorly) controlled slide into chaos
New group insurance rates in 2019
Un été difficile dans les laboratoires de biologie médicale
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Take a visual tour of the MCM Grandé Hotel & FunDome! Browse photos of our spacious, all-suite accommodations, and incredible family-friendly amenities. Planning a special event or meeting? These photos will offer you an idea of what's waiting for you.


Six UC Davis faculty members and students will immerse themselves in the cause of watershed protection and water research this Saturday (July 21) when they go for a swim in chilly Lake Tahoe. Not just any swim, but the 10-mile, no-wetsuits-allowed Trans Tahoe Relay, in which they are participating as the Women for Water Science team.
Last year, three faculty members joined with three other women as the Women for Water Research team, raising funds for the university's Tahoe Environmental Research Center, or TERC. They completed the relay in 5 hours, 17 minutes.
This year's team is all-UC Davis, including two faculty members returning from last year: Heather Bischel and Verónica Morales, each of them an assistant professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering.
They'll be swimming with Roberta Millstein, professor, Department of Philosophy; Kelly Neal, an undergraduate, majoring in wildlife, fish and conservation biology; Kate Tiedeman, doctoral candidate in ecology; and team captain Ann Willis, a graduate student in civil engineering and a staff researcher at the Center for Watershed Sciences.
They're asking people to support their effort by donating to the Tahoe Environmental Research Center and-or the Center for Watershed Sciences (click on the links to reach UC Davis Giving webpages). The Trans Tahoe Relay also serves as a fundraiser for another great water cause: Keep Tahoe Blue.
The TERC research vessel Bob Richards will be the UC Davis team's support boat, with Geoff Schladow, professor and TERC director, captaining the boat.
Saturday, relay participants will jump into a lake where they can expect water temperatures of 60 to 62 degrees at the start of the relay, at Sand Harbor Beach on the Nevada side of Tahoe, dipping to 55 to 58 degrees in the deepest water in the middle of the lake, as they make their way to Skylandia Beach between Tahoe City and Dollar Point on the California side of the lake.
The first swimmer in the water goes for 30 minutes, and teammates follow with their own 30-minute first legs. After that, it's 10-minute legs, in the same order, until the finish.
The relay begins at 7:15 a.m. You can follow the UC Davis team's progress on social media by searching for posts with a pair of hashtags: #UCDavis and #TransTahoeRelay.


Discussion in 'Sive Morten- Currencies and Gold Video Analysis' started by Sive Morten, Nov 23, 2011.
Thanks for the rapport but i am still too unexperienced, to understand ir correctly.
Coludí somebody expelían me a little about aligator 3 lañe índex.


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Christian Lee Navarro (Bronx, 21 de agosto de 1991) é um ator norte-americano. Ele é conhecido por seus papéis como Tony Padilla na série original Netflix 13 Reasons Why baseado no romance de Jay Asher, Jorge em Vinyl e Carlos Gomez em Rosewood.

Vida e Carreira
Navarro nasceu em Nova Iorque, onde cursou o ensino médio na escola de artes Professional Performing Arts School.

O primeiro papel de Navarro foi em 2005 quando ele tinha quatorze anos, interpretando um infectado no filme Dia dos Mortos 2: O Contagio.

Em 2007, Navarro interpretou Paco Mendoza em Law & Order: Criminal Intent exibida pela NBC (2001-2007) e USA Network (2007-2011).

Em 2009, Navarro atuou na peça The Secret Agenda of Trees de Colin McKenna, interpretando um soldado chamado Carlos, que estava servindo no Iraque.

Navarro já apareceu em vários comerciais, séries e filmes, em um deles como Jorge em quatro episódios de Vinyl exibida pela HBO, Sidekick em The Tick e como Carlos Gomez no piloto de Rosewood, ambas exibidas pela FOX.

Em 2017, Navarro interpretou Tony Padilla no original Netflix 13 Reasons Why, esse foi o seu primeiro trabalho como papel principal.

Filmografia

Filmes

Televisão

Ligações externas

Nascidos em 1991
Naturais de Nova Iorque (estado)
Atores de cinema dos Estados Unidos
Atores de televisão dos Estados Unidos
Atores dos Estados Unidos

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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We propose to adopt a new airworthiness directive (AD) for certain Safran Aerosystems (formerly Zodiac Aerospace Services) life jackets. This proposed AD was prompted by reports of defective welding on certain life jackets around the inflation system. This proposed AD would require removal and replacement of the affected life jackets. We are proposing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products.
• Fax: 202 493 2251.
• Mail: U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, M-30, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12 140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC, 20590.
For service information identified in this NPRM, contact Zodiac Aerospace Services, 61 Rue Pierre Curie, CS20001, 78370 Plaisir Cedex, France; phone: + 33 1 61 34 23 23; fax: + 33 1 61 34 21 13; email: Technical.Retrofit@zodiacaerospace.com ; internet: http://tpi.services.zodiacaerospace.com. You may view this service information at the FAA, Engine and Propeller Standards Branch, 1200 District Avenue, Burlington, MA, 01803. For information on the availability of this material at the FAA, call 781-238-7759.
You may examine the AD docket on the internet at http://www.regulations.gov by searching for and locating Docket No. FAA-2019-0207; or in person at Docket Operations between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. The AD docket contains this NPRM, the mandatory continuing airworthiness information (MCAI), the regulatory evaluation, any comments received, and other information. The street address for Docket Operations (phone: 800-647-5527) is listed above. Comments will be available in the AD docket shortly after receipt.
Erin King, Aerospace Engineer, Boston ACO Branch, FAA, 1200 District Avenue, Burlington, MA, 01803; phone 781-238-7655; fax: 781-238-7199; email: erin.king@faa.gov.
We invite you to send any written relevant data, views, or arguments about this proposal. Send your comments to an address listed under the ADDRESSES section. Include "Docket No. FAA-2019-0207; Product Identifier 2019-NE-02-AD" at the beginning of your comments. We specifically invite comments on the overall regulatory, economic, environmental, and energy aspects of this NPRM. We will consider all comments received by the closing date and may amend this NPRM because of those comments.
[top] Defective welding around the inflation system has been reportedly found on certain life jackets on the production line. Subsequent investigation results identified a batch of life jackets which might be affected by this manufacturing defect.
This condition, if not corrected, could lead to inability of the life jacket to perform its intended function, possible resulting in injury to the user of that life jacket.
To address this potential unsafe condition, Safran Aerosystems issued the SB, providing the list of affected parts, and the repair SB, providing instructions to repair affected parts.
For the reason described above, this [EASA] AD requires replacement of affected life jackets, and allows their (re)installation on an aircraft only after having being repaired.
You may obtain further information by examining the MCAI in the AD docket on the internet at http://www.regulations.gov by searching for and locating Docket No. FAA-2019-0207.
We reviewed Zodiac Aerospace Services Service Bulletin (SB) 25-65-33, Revision 01, dated January 8, 2019, and Zodiac Aerospace Services SB 25-65-34, Original Issue, dated January 8, 2019. Zodiac Aerospace Services SB 25-65-33 describes procedures for identifying the affected life jackets by part number and serial number. Zodiac Aerospace Services SB 25-65-34 describes procedures for repairing the affected life jackets. This service information is reasonably available because the interested parties have access to it through their normal course of business or by the means identified in the ADDRESSES section.
This product has been approved by EASA, and is approved for operation in the United States. Pursuant to our bilateral agreement with the European Community, EASA has notified us of the unsafe condition described in the MCAI and service information referenced above. We are proposing this AD because we evaluated all the relevant information provided by EASA and determined the unsafe condition described previously is likely to exist or develop in other products of the same type design.
This proposed AD would require removal and replacement of the affected life jackets.
We estimate that this proposed AD affects an unknown number of life jackets installed on, but not limited to, ATR-GIE Avions de Transport Regional ATR 42 and ATR 72, Airbus A318/A319/A320/A321, Airbus A330, Airbus A340, Airbus A350, and Airbus A380 airplanes of U.S. registry. Operators have the option to replace or repair the affected life jackets. We have no way of determining the number of life jackets that might be replaced or repaired.
According to the manufacturer, some of the costs of this proposed AD may be covered under warranty, thereby reducing the cost impact on affected individuals. We do not control warranty coverage for affected individuals. As a result, we have included all costs in our cost estimate.
Safran Aerosystems (formerly Zodiac Aerospace Services): Docket No. FAA-2019-0207; Product Identifier 2019-NE-02-AD.
(1) This AD applies to Safran Aerosystems life jackets with part number (P/N) 210225-2, P/N 216200-0, or P/N 216203-0, and with a serial number listed in Table 1 of Zodiac Aerospace Services Service Bulletin (SB) 25-65-33, Revision 01, dated January 8, 2019, that are not marked with "Mod.per SB 25-65-34" in the identification area.
(2) These appliances are installed on, but not limited to, ATR-GIE Avions de Transport Regional ATR 42 and ATR 72, Airbus A318/A319/A320/A321, Airbus A330, Airbus A340, Airbus A350, and Airbus A380 airplanes.
This AD was prompted by reports of defective welding on certain life jackets around the inflation system. We are issuing this AD to prevent failure of the life jacket. The unsafe condition, if not addressed, could result in injury to the wearer of the life jacket.
Within six months after the effective date of this AD, remove each affected life jacket from the airplane and, before further flight, replace the life jacket with a life jacket eligible for installation.
After the effective date of this AD, do not install on any airplane an affected life jacket unless it has been repaired and marked to indicate compliance with such repair in accordance with Zodiac Aerospace Services SB 25-65-34, Original Issue, dated January 8, 2019, or a method approved by the FAA.
A life jacket eligible for installation is a new life jacket or a life jacket repaired in accordance with Zodiac Aerospace Services SB 25-65-34, Original Issue, dated January 8, 2019, or by a method approved by the FAA.
(1) The Manager, Boston ACO Branch, FAA, has the authority to approve AMOCs for this AD, if requested using the procedures found in 14 CFR 39.19. In accordance with 14 CFR 39.19, send your request to your principal inspector or local Flight Standards District Office, as appropriate. If sending information directly to the manager of the ACO Branch, send it to the attention of the person identified in paragraph (k)(1) of this AD.
(1) For more information about this AD, contact Erin King, Aerospace Engineer, Boston ACO Branch, FAA, 1200 District Avenue, Burlington, MA, 01803; phone 781-238-7655; fax: 781-238-7199; email: erin.king@faa.gov.
(2) Refer to European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) AD 2019-0010, dated January 23, 2019, for more information. You may examine the EASA AD in the AD docket on the internet at http://www.regulations.gov by searching for and locating it in Docket No. FAA-2019-0207.
(3) For service information identified in this AD, contact Zodiac Aerospace Services, 61 Rue Pierre Curie, CS20001, 78370 Plaisir Cedex, France; phone: + 33 1 61 34 23 23; fax: + 33 1 61 34 21 13; email: Technical.Retrofit@zodiacaerospace.com; internet: http://tpi.services.zodiacaerospace.com. You may view this referenced service information at the FAA, Engine and Propeller Standards Branch, 1200 District Avenue, Burlington, MA, 01803. For information on the availability of this material at the FAA, call 781-238-7759.


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Legislation to make it harder for organised crime to infiltrate and exploit the cargo system passed the Australian Parliament today.
The Customs and AusCheck Legislation Amendment (Organised Crime and Other Measures) Bill makes a number of important reforms to strengthen security throughout the cargo supply chain.
Taskforce Polaris is made up of officers from the Australian Federal Police, the Australian Crime Commission, the Australian Customs and Border Protection Service, the New South Wales Police Force and the New South Wales Crime Commission.
Taskforce Polaris has to date made 39 arrests, laid 190 charges and seized over 12 tonnes of illicit substances and pre-cursor chemicals.
"These are important reforms. They will make it harder for organised crime to infiltrate and exploit the cargo system," Mr Clare said.


Tomorrow will be pretty busy with the set-up for the market being one in the afternoon and the market then running from three until eight. Lovely event to have in the middle of winter though...here's hoping that the weather doesn't discourage people from coming out and enjoying the afternoon/evening.
Want something not on our store? Contact us for a one-of-a-kind commission, or individual request for something personalised and out of the ordinary!


Market participants favored stocks on Tuesday, but precious metals also jumped, leaving United States Treasuries on the back foot. Prices of sovereign debt declined, strengthening yields more for longer maturities than in the short term, which means the curve steepened. The Federal Reserve is starting a two-day meeting today and traders have partly penciled in an interest rate decrease for this year. Policymakers have hinted they would reveal a path toward the end of so-called quantitative tightening, the runoff of assets from the central bank's balance sheet. Excessive stimulus could spur inflation.
In other news, German officials expressed willingness to negotiate more on Brexit and delay the March 29 deadline for the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union, which underpinned stocks together with favorable macroeconomic data.
The two-year US note yield was slightly higher at 2.462% at 9:52 am ET. The interest rate equivalent strengthened 1.6 basis points to 2.622% for the 10-year benchmark and 2.3 points for the 30-year bonds, to 3.042%. Prices of corresponding futures were down 0.02%, 0.1% and 0.32%, respectively.


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ADVERT: Redbull gives you wings....
RMNU Ireland
Otherwise known as Robson Moura Ireland was established in 2013 and has grown from strength to strength with each year that passes. Our students have grown to love the ethos of the Brazilian Jiu Jitsu mentality and lifestyle. We believe that Brazilian Jiu Jitsu can change lives and can have a positive impact on anyone!
With the wide spread of Brazilian Jiu Jitsu and Mixed Martial Arts it was bound to have a direct impact on Ireland. The Head Instructor has been training under a number of highly skilled and recognised Brazilian national Black Belts passing on the principals and ethics that were instilled in them in Brazil.
RMNU Ireland believe that hard work and a positive attitude are the key ingredients to a successful martial arts school. So when you attend our classes the member are all respectful and willing to help, with a great atmosphere that is both fun and engaging. Don't hesitate as every martial artist will tell you they only wish they started earlier
51 Mallusk Road, Newtownabbey, BT36 4PX Newtownabbey
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Giga Mall at Pakistan's very first World Trade Centre (WTC) was launched on the Independence Day of the country, says a press release.
A soft launching ceremony was held at the Giga Mall, diplomats, key business community, business partners, senior architects and consultants were present. WTC was a good omen for Pakistan, which will boost investment opportunities.
The Vice Chairman and CEO Najeeb H. Amin Giga, COO Yaqoob Mehanti, Director Leasing Farrukh Masood Khan and Director Sales and Marketing Imran Malik addressed the ceremony.
Describing the technical features of Giga mall they highlighted the fact that the 14 storey structure with huge mall in five floors will make it a very attractive business destination. They also highlighted the fact that the WTC occupies the best possible location. It is located on GT road at the confluence of the main arteries of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Also by virtue of its location in the DHA, it lies in one of the most secure parts of the twin cities. It will be managed by an Integrated Management System that is capable of remote control of all building management systems.
It was mentioned that this biggest WTC is the brainchild of Haji Abdul Rahim Giga Pardesi (Tamgha-e-Imtiaz) which has now slowly and steadily taken shape as a stunning trade centre. Haji Muhammad Amin Giga, President Giga Group congratulated the nation on the completion of Giga Mall and said that this gigantic trade centre will prove a real gift for the people on the Independence Day of their homeland.
The launching celebrations were followed by a most impressive display of fireworks which was thoroughly enjoyed by thousands of people.


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Disney Frozen Sing A Long Version Coming To Theaters
Exciting news that a Disney Frozen Sing A Long Version is coming to movie theaters on January 31st. Disney's Frozen movie has been an outstanding success with box office approaching $800 million so far. This new Frozen Sing A Long version will no doubt push that level even higher with movie goers tempted to view the movie for a second time.
Dave Hollis who is The Walt Disney Studios' Executive Vice President, Theatrical Distribution, said:
"Frozen fans have embraced the film's original songs and its soundtrack with such passion—there are countless YouTube videos from people singing songs like 'Let It Go'—we decided to create a version that would celebrate that enthusiasm. It's a great opportunity for families to get together and have some fun with these songs."
The Frozen Sing A Long Version will feature the lyrics up on the screen with a bouncing snowflake to help the audience participate. The Frozen music is played many times a day in our house and I know that we are all going to want to see this version too.
We may be tempted to go to the El Capitan Theater in Hollywood as these screenings will include on-stage appearances from Elsa before each showing and there will be snow flurries during the performance. A great feature when it is all sunshine outside!
The Frozen Sing A Long Version will play in 1,000 theaters nationwide so check your local listings to see where it is playing close to you.
We are of course hoping that Disney's Frozen does well in the Academy Awards in March. Frozen has received 2 Oscar nominations, one for Best Animated Feature and the other for Best Original Song for Let it Go.
Will you be going to see the Disney Frozen Sing A Long Version?
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More DreamScenes
Contemporary Music | Ambient
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sun 8 jan 2023 20:00
"A Star's Gone Dim" A non-stop mix of ambient soundscapes, experimental electronics and modern classical music.
sun 9 oct 2022 20:00
"For Sunday When It Rains" A non-stop mix of ambient soundscapes, experimental electronics and modern classical music.
sun 11 sep 2022 20:00
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sun 14 aug 2022 20:00
"Let The Waves In" A non-stop mix of ambient soundscapes, experimental electronics and modern classical music.
sun 10 jul 2022 20:00
It is time to stop seeing It is time to stop speaking It is time to listen Crimes of the Future, 2022 (David Cronenberg) A non-stop mix of ambient soundscapes, experimental electronics and modern classical music.
"… on reflection …' A non-stop mix of ambient soundscapes, experimental electronics and modern classical music.
sun 8 may 2022 20:00
"The Low Drone Of Circulating Blood…" A non-stop mix of ambient soundscapes, experimental electronics and modern classical music.
"Severance" A non-stop mix of ambient soundscapes, experimental electronics and modern classical music.


Is your home in Cascade not working the way you need it to? We know that can be stressful. We also know that you don't need any more stress in your life than you already have! Fortunately, our trained technicians are ready and waiting to help get things running just the way you want them again. Just give us a call, let us know what you need, and we'll be there to fix it as soon as possible.
There is no plumbing service we won't perform for you in Cascade.
Do you need repairs? We will handle everything from your dripping faucet to your sewer or septic system. No matter how complex the repair, we'll get it taken care of as soon as we possibly can.
Do you need to have something installed? Just point our plumbers in the right direction and they'll get it taken care of fast.
Not sure what to install? We'll help you select fixtures that will look good and last for a long time.
Are you remodeling your home? We'll work with your other contractors to get all of the plumbing done on time and according to code.
It can get cold in Cascade, which is why you should call One Source for all of your furnace repair needs. We'll come to you fast, so you don't have to stay uncomfortable for long. Then we'll assess your situation and let you know what needs to be done to fix it. Once you accept our repair plan, we'll get things in motion.
We also perform furnace maintenance and replacement in Cascade. If you need a new furnace, we'll help make sure that you get the perfect one for you. We'll look at the size of your home, your energy efficiency needs, your budget, and more before we suggest furnaces for you. After you choose one, we'll get it installed, too.
When your A/C isn't working, things can get pretty miserable in Cascade. We promise that we'll get to you as soon as we possibly can. Our tech will take a look at your air conditioner, then notify you of what has gone wrong. We'll let you know if an A/C repair is in order, or if you'd be better off getting a new unit. No matter what you decide, we'll get everything working again for you just as soon as we can.
If you or someone you love suffers from allergies, asthma, or another respiratory disease, you probably know how important it is to have clean air. We'll come out and get your ducts cleaned so you don't have to worry about dust, allergens, or other particles in the air that you're breathing every day. Air duct cleaning can make a huge difference for people who struggle to breathe.
Whenever you need work done on your plumbing or HVAC systems in Cascade, call us at One Source. We'll show you why so many people turn to us first!


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LEE BOYCE: Another month, another embarrassing bank IT glitch. Is it time to have two separate current accounts?
By Lee Boyce for Thisismoney.co.uk
It's becoming a frequent and familiar routine in the news pages of papers and websites: customers are up in arms on Twitter and all over the internet after their high street bank suffers an embarrassing IT glitch which leaves hundreds of them in limbo.
The bank chief joins them on Twitter to apologise while the customers are left pondering how to pay for a meal, petrol or whichever awkward scenario they find themselves in after their card is blocked.
The latest perpetrator is Lloyds Banking Group. Huge numbers of Halifax, Lloyds and TSB debit card holders were left red-faced when trying to pay for purchases or withdraw cash yesterday afternoon after two servers crashed.
Bank spotlight: NatWest and Lloyds have suffered from IT glitches while HSBC has been blocking customers from their cash
This morning, I was interviewed on LBC Radio about the latest problems to plague a major bank.
The presenter asked me what a glitch like this does for customer trust. Faith in our major banks when it comes to current accounts is fast disintegrating in my opinion, largely due to problems like this one caused by creaking infrastructure - which with the right amount of care and money are largely preventable.
Bank of Dave: Why I'm taking on the payday lenders and want one of my branches in every town
HSBC won't give me more than £1k over the counter even after I warned them I needed it
Fight back against the banks? Your guide to switching accounts and where the best offers are
Find a bank account that works for you: Compare the best current accounts
We now have seven-day switching rules, so if you are unhappy there are plenty of new places for your cash and wages paid into. The newer kids on the block like First Direct and Metro are likely to have up-to-date, robust IT systems that have not been cobbled together from constituent parts like Halifax / Lloyds / TSB and RBS / NatWest / Ulster.
If a new place doesn't cut the mustard, go elsewhere. In theory, it should be easier than ever to ditch an underperforming bank.
Or you could do what I do and have two current accounts. I have my main account, but I also have one open with a challenger bank as an emergency back-up and for overseas holidays, because it offers a better conversion rate.
#Fury: Social media sites such as Twitter now mean that any banking issues spread like wildfire on the internet
This Lloyds glitch came on a Sunday, a nightmare for bank employees as well as for customers. A member of staff who works for one of its TSB call centres told me how staffing levels are drastically lower on Sundays - meaning severe problems for on-duty staff trying to handle customer calls as volumes went through the roof.
I can sympathise (slightly) with the bank with this one. It wasn't that long ago that hardly anything was open on a Sunday, so transactions would once upon time have been low. But with retailers opening longer, transactions must have increased drastically.
TSB chief executive Paul Pester said in a tweet last night: 'At one point we had 300 customers queuing to speak to the call centre - sorry if you couldn't get through.'
But this is 21st Century Britain - and Britons expect to be able to have access to their cash without worry, even if it is a traditionally sleepy Sunday afternoon. It seems apparent more needs to be invested into infrastructure.
RBS chief Ross McEwan even admitted this last month after another glitch his bank faced.
He said: 'For decades, RBS failed to invest properly in its systems.
'We need to put our customers' needs at the centre of all we do. It will take time, but we are investing heavily in building IT systems our customers can rely on. We know we have to do better.'
We live in a time where we are constantly told to use card rather than cash - contactless cards for example are being rammed down our throats.
Most banks now dish them out a standard, in an attempt to make smaller cash transactions redundant.
Physical money brings me onto my next point - cash withdrawals in branches. This is Money revealed more than a week ago how one HSBC customer was blocked from taking a larger sum than £1,000 over the counter, despite being £50,000 in credit.
They wanted to know what the money was for and blamed a change in its policies.
Since then, comments have poured in while the BBC picked up on the story and covered it on Saturday. It was the most read story on its website. This morning, it is still the most shared – with the Lloyds glitch closely behind.
Popular news: Our HSBC story was picked up on the BBC. This morning, it is still the most shared article on its website
Is it any wonder the question of customer trust is being asked when it comes to banks? And in the age of social media, hundreds of customers can take to Twitter and vent their frustration.
There is now nowhere for banks to hide.
When a glitch happens, it's huge news - and the speed of which the information is shared, vast.
The damage lives long in the memories of those looking for a place for their cash, especially those left stranded in embarrassing situations where they can't pay.
I hope 2014 finally results in some new challenger banks to come into the market with current account offerings.
Perhaps the problem is down to some banks having an increasing number of card transactions to cope with on increasingly stretched and archaic systems. Lloyds Banking Group for instance has more than 20million customers.
But as Dave Fishwick of Bank of Dave fame told me in an interview earlier in the month, the red tape required for a new banking licence is arduous.
Until I can find a bank I totally trust, I will stick with my two current accounts.
It could be a while yet.
With latest Lloyds glitch is it time to have two current accounts?


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How did Dutch troops serving under UNPROFOR failed to protect Srebrenica?
ISTANBUL Jul 11, 2015 - 12:00 am GMT+3
by Daily Sabah Jul 11, 2015 12:00 am
During the dissolution of Yugoslavia, former republics of the union, Serbia, Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina, waged a bloody war to determine the new borders. Serbs, as the most populous nation within Yugoslavia and the founding element of the former union, were effective in the military, and starting from 1992, rapidly backed local Serb units with former Yugoslav arms and units to secede from Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina. Croats were somehow lucky as they comprised the majority of large contingent areas which had access to the Adriatic Sea and which were bordered by neutral countries, which supplied them with arms and other goods to survive and wage a war. Whereas in landlocked Bosnia-Herzegovina, the most ethnically heterogeneous republic, Bosnian Serbs quickly confiscated the remaining Yugoslav military inventory and forced Bosniaks to retreat to newly formed enclaves as Srebrenica, Zepa, Gorazde and Bihac, while the remaining population was forced to live in a minimized strip of land located in the center of the country, with severed ties to the rest of the world.
On 16 April 1993, the United Nations Security Council adopted the Resolution 819 that declared Srebrenica enclave as a 'safe area', under the protection of the UN peacekeeping units UNPROFOR. The number of safe areas later increased as Sarajevo, Žepa, Goražde, Tuzla and Bihać were included with the UNSC Resolution 824. Bosnian Serb units led by Ratko Mladic, aiming to change the demographic structure of areas which they held for a better bargain in a future peace settlement, committed many atrocities. By 1995, these enclaves were swarming with thousands of Bosniak refugees that fled the atrocities from nearby villages and rural areas. Highly outnumbered and outgunned Bosniak units were using these areas to conduct hit-and-run operations. However, laying down arms was a must to enter the safe areas and most people living in enclaves were unarmed.
In 1995, Serbs decided to eliminate Srebrenica, Žepa and Goražde, located in the east of the country, for absolute control in the region between the Serbian border and Sarajevo, while deploying the troops surrounding these enclaves against West-backed Croatian units which had expanded since 1992. A 400-men strong lightly armed Dutch UN force known as Dutchbat, which was in Srebrenica at the time, was no match for at least 5,000 heavily armed and experienced Serbian troops surrounding the town. However, they made crucial mistakes, which were not calling in NATO airstrikes when threat was apparent, believing promises from Serb commanders that promised safety for Bosniak refugees, not re-arming Bosniak refugees who gave up their arms and laying down their own arms when Serbs took over the town. Thirty Dutch soldiers, now unarmed, were taken captive to prevent NATO airstrikes.
As women, children and elders were earlier evacuated from the enclave; all men of fighting age were rounded up and killed by Bosnian Serb units, with a death toll over 8,000.
Although Netherlands was blamed ever since the incident, the country has agreed to pay compensation on several occasions to the victims of families and an official report released in 2002 uncovered the problems with the planning stage, resulting in resignation of the Dutch cabinet. The international community responded to Bosnian Serb atrocities only after the massacres of 1995 through large scale bombing campaign initiated in August. Prior to the campaign and Srebrenica incident, Bosnian Serb units consistantly harrassed, attacked and kidnapped UN forces, without encountering a solid response from the Western powers.
This was not the only case in which UN forces failed to prevent massacres despite their presence. In the aftermath of the dissolution of Soviet Union and Cold War, many clashes occurred throughout the world in the form of civil war, in which civilian casualties were much more higher. The fighting forces had a lower degree of allegiance to a global power or ideology as their choices multiplied with the end of bipolar world. As the role of international community in effectively intervening to such crises was being discussed, an incident marked the fate of millions in the couple of years to come. A small scale U.S. led operation of the UN in Somalian capital of Mogadishu in October 1993 turned into a major skirmish in which 20 UN soldiers and 350 to 500 Somalian militants died. As the UN was no longer a neutral force, the UN operation had to be cancelled and UN forces were evacuated from Somalia, creating a vacuum of force that continues up to this day. The failure in Somali led to inaction of major powers in Rwanda and Bosnia, in which UN troops were left in the field without effective support while major atrocities were being committed.
Last Update: Jul 11, 2015 6:07 pm
Winter storm hits Washington as it moves across US East Coast