text:
Central High School of Philadelphia
DIRECTORY OF THE 226th CLASS OF
Hosted by Harvey Abrams, BS, MAT, Ph.D/abd
Harvey Abrams' Page
created January 5, 2013
updated July 9, 2015
updated April 4, 2017
Here is an example of an autobiographical page.
There are many ways you can do this -
write as little or as much as you want!
My VITA is available if you want to know all the things I have done in teaching, all the articles I have written, etc. But I am not looking for a job, lol. A small portion of my VITA is not available.
You should send YOUR vita and I can either include it within the text of your personal page or use it as a link. See Eddie Weber's page for another way of sending something.
I plan to upload all the photos in our Yearbook, so each of you will eventually have your own page with at least your class photo! I would love to have a recent photo so it can be compared to 1971. Please feel free to send me other images - your family, your kids, the title page of your latest book you may have written. I have unlimited size on my website, so send as much as you want.
Add information about other guys in the class, too. Send a story about an old friend -- I especially need your help writing about deceased classmates. If you have obituary notices, details of their lives, photos - please do share. As the self-designated class historian - feel free to send anything, including material NOT for the website or publication - it will go into a special Abrams family archive "record group" devoted to Central High School (and therefore a permanent addition to our family archives).
Please send me your autobiography, vita and photos.
ALSO send anything about other classmates for whom you have details.
Harvey's Page - A Brief Autobiography
by Harvey L. Abrams
Central HS 226
The revised edition, 2020-2021
The original version, slightly different, is down below.
I was born in March 1950 in South Philadelphia. My parents were Max & Miriam, my sister was Sheila (1945-2020, Girl's HS). I thought for many years that I was the youngest in the class. HOWEVER I learned in 2014 that there were at least three or four other guys who were born after me, including one guy whose birthday is one day later. I had gone to F.S. Edmonds elementary school and then Morris E. Leeds Junior High School in West Oak Lane before attending Central. That meant I had to take the "S" bus to school every day until my parents allowed me to drive their 1962 Comet to school my senior year. I used to pick up Barry Denenberg and we went to school together.
I graduated in 1967 but did not attend graduation with you guys because I started Penn State before the ceremony was held. I really haven't seen 481 of you until the 40th Reunion in 2007. Mike Valoris is the only classmate that I have seen in all these years on a fairly frequent basis - our parents were pretty close. In no way to offend any of you - I did not attend any of the reunions because I did not join the Alumni association to keep in touch. After college my main concern was making the US Olympic team wrestling. So I lived and worked where it was best for me to train.
Life has been an adventure for me -- on the whole it's been good. Certainly I have had more experiences than most people -- but I am still here to tell about it. I have had several "close calls" and recovered each time. The big one was in West Berlin and I thank the US Army doctors for bringing me back, so since 1986 I am living on what I call "bonus time." Hence my motto -- "carpe diem." And this was my motto long before Dead Poets Society.
I was a rather frustrated little guy in high school. I felt somewhat overwhelmed by having so many bright people and great athletes surrounding me. I always got cut the first day of baseball practice, (thank you Mr. Coleman), was too small for football and nobody ever grabbed me and said "you are going to be a gymnast -- now get to practice." I do remember one time when Eddie Weber grabbed me at the YMHA on South Broad Street and took me through a swimming practice. I loved swimming and I was a good swimmer. But after we were done he invited me to come to team practice. I said "no!" I didn't think that all that hard work was much fun at all. I was simply too young, I guess. Ed does not remember this story, either.
Penn State 1967-1971
My fulfillment came in college -- and later -- so I guess I was one of those "late bloomers." My obsession with sports consumed my career. I started Penn State in Architecture so I could be the next Frank Lloyd Wright. I was going to design great houses and great stadiums. I remember sitting in Monsieur Boni's French class scribbling drawings (which got me into trouble) but I was designing a great sports stadium years ahead of it's time. My idea was to put a roof on the Roman Colosseum and create a baseball stadium for the Phillies and I was shattered when I learned they were building something like my design -- the Houston Astrodome. That was MY idea! Bummer.
But I dropped architecture and became a Physical Education teacher instead. I did not want to sit behind a desk the rest of my life. Still too small to play football I became a manager for Penn State football for two seasons. And yes - I got to know Joe Paterno very well. But I left the football program and went to wrestling the same year Jerry Sandusky came to PSU, so I never knew him. I hated cleaning muddy footballs but I got to see first hand how great coaches work with athletes -- and I was standing next to Mike Reid when a photographer took his picture just seconds before we won the Orange Bowl in Miami in 1968. This photo was on the cover of SPORTS ILLUSTRATED magazine but I was cut out, lol. I was also a manager for the PSU gymnastics team and the coach did try to teach me gymnastics! But I had a hell of a time getting over the vault. The floor exercise was my best event, but not good enough to make the team. I studied some martial arts including Karate and Judo. I was vice-president of the college student council and succeeded in getting a separate class of anatomy for PE majors because the pre-med students killed the curve and we were always flunking.
"Are all you kids from Philly that stupid?"
Then one day I saw a wrestling mat being set up in Rec Hall and asked a friend "where are the ropes?" Coming from Central and Philadelphia I had never seen wrestling. We didn't have wrestling in any Philadelphia schools when we were there. I thought it was the TV stuff -- and I hated the TV stuff. But my friend, who was a fellow PE major, said to me "are all you kids from Philly that stupid?" I retaliated by stating how I could not believe college kids were stupid enough to do that TV stuff. He stopped, looked at me with dagger-eyes and said "I'm a wrestler." "Really?" I suddenly felt...well...stupid.
He was not wrestling that night -- but he dragged me to Rec Hall to watch the meet. It was the night I found a sport for little guys like me. And suddenly - voila Monsieur Boni - I became a wrestler. Actually, there is are stories behind this too, but you have to read my autobiography to get the rest - too many stories to put here.
For the next 16 years I trained and set my goal on the Olympic Games. I tried out for the US Olympic freestyle team four times -- 1972 Munich, 1976 Montreal, 1980 Moscow and 1984 Los Angeles. I took a 2nd place in 1972 and 4th in 1976 at the Olympic trials, went to Munich and Montreal to watch - and I have many more stories about these experiences.
Harvey at the 1976 Olympic Wrestling Trials, Binghampton, NY.
4th place finish
The 1970's - European tour & Munich 1972 - Master's & Ph.D
In 1972 I was at the Olympic Games in Munich with my roommate/teammate but we started with a six week trek through Italy, Austria, Germany, Holland, Belgium, England, France, Spain and Switzerland. This was the typical college-kid backpack, sleeping bag, Eurailpass trip with a $5 per day budget. Heck, the airfare was $202 round-trip! My first taste of Europe and I fell in love with everything except the flies in Spain. At my first bull-fight we learned NOT to root for the bulls because several hundred people suddenly turned with dagger-eyes to kill us. We left quickly. In London we were wined and dined by a professional boxer who wanted us to introduce him to Mohammed Ali but we were so drunk the next day we forgot where to meet him and never saw him again. At Munich we climbed over the fences at the Olympic Village like lots of other athletes, got caught and got kicked out. It was a blast but we had to leave early.
Flying back to the USA from Munich I went to Southeast Missouri State University for an MAT in Physical Education while also coaching wrestling. I drove from Philly to Cape Girardeau, Missouri in 23 hours, arriving just 30 minutes before I had to teach my first class. The department chairman was furious with me. During the drive all hell broke loose in Munich. By dinner time the Israeli Olympians were dead. The Olympic Games have not been the same since. This affected me personally as I began to specialize in martial arts and a possible military career.
As part of the MAT program I studied Comparative Physical Education in Canada, Sweden, Finland and Germany in the summer of 1973, then left SEMO for work in the Philly area. I started the Philadelphia Amateur Wrestling Club in late 1973 as a non-profit corporation and tried to promote wrestling in Southeast Pennsylvania. The club grew fast with over 300 members but in 1977 I had to make a decision. Pennsylvania started to require school districts to only call certified teachers in the subject area in which they were substituting. Neshaminy called me every day for everything -math, science, shop classes and the Phys Ed teachers were never absent. But suddenly they said they had to stop calling me in all those subject areas - too many unemployed teachers in Pennsylvania needed work. So I looked at two options - Law School or Ph.D. Because Mike Valoris was in law school - I spoke with him. He talked me out of law school because all the graduating lawyers were working as taxi drivers - there was no work. If you recall this era - there were also toilet paper shortages and gasoline skyrocketed from 19 cents a gallon upwards. I swore I would get rid of my car at 50 cents a gallon. I then went back to Penn State to study History of Sport for a Ph.D.
History, Sport and the Olympic Games, Antiquarian Book Dealer, German, Greek, yikes!
My teenage interest in history focused on World War II, the Holocaust, family genealogy. But with my new sport of wrestling I studied the history of my sport - wrestling - then ancient history, then expanded to all sport history and finally focused on the Olympic Games. Many more stories and I started a small book business (1979) with a specialty on sport and the Olympic Games. As I started to build my Olympic collection and book business inventory it grew to include 17 languages and I fell in love with all of them - except Finnish. Wow - that is hard!!
I started my Ph.D. program in 1977 at Penn State and left in 1982 for West Berlin, Germany, taking with me my unfinished dissertation on the 1904 Olympic Games. I was off to West Berlin for a teaching position in a German school. My adviser was very angry that the dissertation was not finished -- but I needed money of course -- I needed a real job. My Jewish family was furious. Nice Jewish boys do not pack up and move from Pennsylvania to Germany. But I did -- and I liked it. My two year contract was renewed for three more years. I lived there from 1982-1987 and if you think the wall came down because of Ronald Reagan -- well, you need to read my autobiography when it's in print - I hope I had something to do with it - after all, I was not just a teacher.
I found the love of my life at the age of 34 and got married in West Berlin. We honeymooned in London, one of my favorite places in the world, and we moved back to the USA. We had two great kids, the joy of my life -- then we got divorced. We shared custody and the boys are adults today - I am incredibly proud of them but remain guarded due to some of my previous government work. In 2012, after two decades, I allowed my image to be published -- that is me below!
Harvey Abrams, 2012
Few of us had a plan from "day one" that allowed our dreams to come true. Life is an adventure! My life has been an unplanned adventure and continues to be an adventure, sort of a Walter Mitty meets James Bond adventure. I do have an autobiography in the works that I am not eager to publish just yet, too many chapters are active. I am not eager to write any sequels, either. Bonus time is not endless.
Life is short guys. Looking back over fifty years I cannot believe all that has happened. We had Beatles's haircuts and Texas Instruments calculators that were forbidden in class. Today our little notebooks are more powerful than the computers on every space shuttle we ever launched. Our school was boys only. That changed in the 1980's. We watched Startrek and Captain Kirk in college and thought it was great imagination - while those cute little communicators became today's cell phones..."beam me up Scotty." We struggled through Vietnam and were called "baby killers" and today we have Iraq and Afghanistan and call our soldiers heroes. Can you remember the first time you used a microwave? My hamburger was disgusting and tasted like rubber. We have lived a lifetime and many of you guys have already retired. A few of us will probably keep chugging along like the Energizer bunny. I cannot retire - I have too many unfinished projects. I went off to Europe to coach a wrestling team in Prague, but I ended up living in Vienna instead. So if you read this, have a passport, contact me so we can meet in Prague, Vienna, Munich or Berlin - places I will be spending a lot of time. I maintain a nice supply of great beers, red wines and Sekt (Champagnes) so visit and join me for a meal. And, ust my opinion, French wine and champagnes are highly overrated. For me Italian wine, Czech beer and German Sekt are much better.
As I research the lives of classmates it makes great reading - many have made names for themselves and reached high marks in their professions. Even if we were not good friends in school, or friends over these past decades, share your life and story with the rest of us.
Everyone has a story -- we need to hear some of yours.
Share it with us -- share what you can, share what you want.
I promise not to print anything in public that you do not want on the page.
My best wishes to all of you,
Carpe Diem,
L'chaim,
Tschuss,
Harvey Abrams
Olympicbks@aol.com
(USA) tel: (814) 321-4018
(Austria) tel: ask for it via email)
This short version was originally on the front page of the CHS site and was relocated here on September 16, 2015.
If you do not remember me here is a short introduction.
(Above): Here is the first official portrait of me taken after living in the shadows for many years. Published in the summer of 2012 just prior to the Olympic Games in London.
(Below): Here is a photo of me as a kid in South Philly...
My photo from our Central High School yearbook in 1967 and my Penn State yearbook photo 1971.
You can send similar images for your personal page - send as many as you would like.
We graduated in 1967 but I did not go to graduation with you guys because I started Penn State before the graduation ceremony was held. And I haven't seen most of you since. I can think of only one classmate that I have seen frequently in all these years. I did not attend any of the reunions sorry to say. Life has been adventurous for me -- on the whole it's been good. Certainly I have had more experiences than most people have -- I even died once. But the great doctors of the US Army revived me, so I am still here to tell about it. I call it bonus time. Hence my motto -- "carpe diem."
A rather frustrated little guy in high school -- I felt somewhat overwhelmed by having so many bright people and great athletes surrounding me. I always got cut the first day of baseball practice, (thank you Mr. Coleman), was too small for football and nobody ever grabbed me and said "you are going to be a gymnast -- now get to practice." I do remember one time when Eddie Weber grabbed me at the "Y" and took me through a swimming practice -- I loved swimming. But after we were done he asked me to come to team practice and I said "no" because I didn't think that all that hard work we just did was much fun at all -- I was simply too young, I guess.
My fulfillment came in college -- and later -- so I guess I was one of those "late bloomers." My obsession with sports consumed my career. I started Penn State in Architecture so I could be the next Frank Lloyd Wright. I was going to design great houses and great stadiums. But I became a Physical Education teacher instead. Still too small for football I became a manager for Penn State football for two seasons. Yes, I knew Joe Paterno very well, but I worked daily with the quarterbacks and Coach George Welsh. I hated cleaning muddy footballs but I got to see first hand how great coaches work with athletes -- and I was standing next to Mike Reid when Sports Illustrated took his picture just before we won the Orange Bowl in 1968. I was also a manager for the gymnastics team and would have been a gymnast myself if only the Phys Ed teachers at Central would have grabbed me and said "you're going to be a gymnast!" I would have stuttered "yes sir." But Penn State is where I became an athlete. I studied some martial arts. I was vice-president of the college student council and succeeded in getting a separate class of anatomy for PE majors because the pre-med students killed the curve and we were always flunking.
Then one day I saw a wrestling mat being set up in Rec Hall and asked a friend "where are the ropes?" Coming from Central and Philadelphia I had never seen wrestling. We didn't have wrestling in any Philadelphia schools. I thought it was the TV stuff -- and I hated it. But my friend, who was a fellow PE major, said to me "are all you kids from Philly that stupid?" I retaliated by stating how I could not believe college kids were stupid enough to do that TV stuff. He stopped, looked at me with dagger-eyes and said "I'm a wrestler." "Really?" I suddenly felt....stupid.
He was not wrestling that night -- but he dragged me to Rec Hall to watch the meet. It was the night I found a sport for little guys like me. And suddenly -- I became a wrestler. Actually, there is are stories behind this too, but you have to read my autobiography to get the rest.
For the next 16 years I trained and set my goal on the Olympic Games. I tried out for the US Olympic freestyle teams four times -- 1972, 1976, 1980 and 1984. I took a 2nd place in 1972 and 4th in 1976 at the Olympic trials, went to Munich and Montreal -- many more stories about these experiences.
Then teaching, coaching wrestling, becoming an International referee -- more college degrees in Southeast Missouri and back at Penn State. Studying in Sweden, Finland, Germany. Traveling to the Olympic Games in Munich with a six week trek through Italy, Austria, Germany, Holland, Belgium, England, France, Spain and Switzerland. My teenage interest in history focused on World War II, the Holocaust, family genealogy. But with my new sport of wrestling I studied the history of my sport, then ancient history, then expanded to all sport history and finally focused on the Olympic Games. Many more stories and I started a small book business (1979) with a specialty on sport and the Olympic Games.
Ph.D at Penn State with a dissertation on the Olympic Games in my luggage -- and off to West Berlin for a teaching position in a German school. Advisor very angry that the dissertation was not finished -- but I needed money -- a real job. Family furious -- parents, sister. Nice Jewish boys do not pack up and move from Pennsylvania to Germany. But I did -- and I liked it. My two year contract was renewed for three more years. I lived there from 1982-1987 and if you think the wall came down because of Reagan -- well, you need to read my autobiography when it's in print. I was more than just a teacher.
Found the love of my life at the age of 34, got married in Berlin and moved back to the USA. Had two great kids, the joy of my life -- got divorced. We shared custody. So many stories follow -- I can't begin to tell here. But my life is more of a continuing adventure than any soap opera in existence. In September 2015 I am heading to Europe to coach a wrestling team in Prague. I will live in Prague and work in several places including Vienna and Berlin, so if you want to connect in Europe, contact me. The best beer in the world is in Prague.
So -- there's a bit about me. Very informal. No vita here -- maybe when I add yours -- I will add mine.
Life is short guys. Looking back over forty-seven years I cannot believe all that has happened. Everyone has a story -- we need to hear yours. Share it with us -- share what you can, share what you want.
State College, PA, USA 16804
tel: (814) 321-4018 (cell phone)
email: Olympicbks@aol.com
http://www.harveyabramsbooks.com
Harvey's VITA....available upon request. Just send an email and I will send the link.
Sorry - but I cannot make it available to the general public.
AND...I am not looking for work, lol. I have the IISOH Library & Museum project.
In 2021 I am creating a new non-profit to help restore Jewish cemeteries in Austria & Europe.
YOU can have your own page on this site - all I need is your autobiography
and some photos, a VITA, links to pages at another website, etc. You decide.
You can also make your page PRIVATE if you do not want it open to the public.
My legacy...
I am the founder of the
International Institute for Sport History
Library & Museum
a Pennsylvania non-profit corporation organized to operate a
Library and Museum for
the History of Sport, Physical Education,
Recreation, Dance, Sport in Art and
the Olympic Games.
Please visit the website and support this project.
www.sportlibrary.org
Please visit YouTube
and see the videos I have created as
"Sportmeister."
Here is one video which I made to promote amateur wrestling, watch
Wrestling - Lutte - Lucha - Ringen - Luctatores
Please send any additional information to me at:
(mobile with voice mail for messages)
MY Web Sites:
www.chs226.org
www.harveyabramsbooks.com
HLAbramsconsulting.com
This page was created January 5, 2013
This page was was edited January 8 and 20, 2013
This page was updated September 9, 2014
This page was updated June 6, 2015
This page was updated July 9, 2015
This page was updated September 16, 2015
This page was updated March 23, 2017
This page was updated April 4, 2017
This page was updated November 29, 2020
hab/chs001
page 1 - http://chs226.org/ (CHS226 "entry" page or "home" page)
page 2 - http://www.chs226.org/CHS226.html (Introduction/dedication page, announcements)
page 3 - http://www.chs226.org/CHS226Directory.html (Class Directory, The 226th Class in alphabetical order, all 482+ classmates)
page 3a - http://www.chs226.org/CHS226questionnaire.html 226 Class QUESTIONNAIRE. Please go here, fill out and return to Harvey.
page 3b - http://www.chs226.org/CHS226missingclassmates.html CHS226missingclassmates.html.
page 4 -- http://www.chs226.org/226_Best_List-3.pdf (Zach's 28 page master list [pdf] the entire class with contact information)
Pages 005 to 500+ -- Links to individual pages for each classmate. Go to the Class DIRECTORY (page 3) for these linked pages.
Go to the CHS226 Directory of the Class page
Send 226 Class news to: Reunion Organizer & Class Rep:
State College, PA USA 16804
Zachary Rubin
email: zrubin2@verizon.net
Contact the Central HS Alumni Association
The Associated Alumni of the Central High School of Philadelphia
tel: (215) 927-9550 -- fax: (215) 276-5823
email: chsalumniphl@aol.com
website: http://www.centralhighalumni.com
chs226hla
Page counter added April 4, 2017
Copyright © 2013, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2020, 2021 Harvey Abrams. All rights reserved. No part of this text may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the expressed written permission of the author. Or the wrath of Zeus will be upon you.


CONGRATULATIONS to Wil Parker, Tyler Charlton and Brodie Horsley – all in the Eastern Ranges Under 16 Team!
Wil Parker, Tyler Charlton and Brodie Horsley from the East Ringwood Under 17s made the 2018 Eastern Ranges Under 16 team.
They have just played in the Under 16 TAC Cup carnival with the boys all playing great footy.
Further to this news is out of the carnival, the U16 Vic Metro squad was selected with Wil Parker making the squad.
Trials and training start on April 18 at IKON Park.
No Replies to "CONGRATULATIONS to Wil Parker, Tyler Charlton and Brodie Horsley - all in the Eastern Ranges Under 16 Team!"


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> Full line-up revealed for series two of John Bishop: In Conversation With...
Full line-up revealed for series two of John Bishop: In Conversation With...
John Bishop: In Conversation With... returns on Thursday 16th March at 9pm on W
The full line of guests for the second series of the critically-acclaimed interview show John Bishop: In Conversation With... on W was today revealed, with the next wave of high profile guests joining series-opener guest Lindsay Lohan (Thursday 16 March, 9pm).
Stand-up comedian, Hollywood actor and best-selling author Russell Brand, multi-award winning British filmmaker and political activist Ken Loach and acclaimed film and television actress Anna Friel complete the line-up of stars who will join John for an intimate chat.
John Bishop: In Conversation With... returns to W on Thursday 16th March at 9pm with Hollywood actress Lindsay Lohan, singing sensation Olly Murs, renaissance man Russell Brand, Strictly Come Dancing finalist Louise Redknapp, celebrated filmmaker Ken Loach, TV presenter Davina McCall and comedian Jason Manford.
The series line-up continues with Paralympic World Champion Ellie Simmonds, actress and author Meera Syal, and concludes with actress Anna Friel.
The ten episode running order, Thursdays at 9pm from 16 March on W, is:
16 March Lindsay Lohan
23 March Olly Murs
30 March Russell Brand
6 April Louise Redknapp
13 April Ken Loach
20 April Davina McCall
27 April Ellie Simmonds
4 May Jason Manford
11 May Meera Syal
18 May Anna Friel
John Bishop In Conversation With James Corden
The first episode of series one featuring John in conversation with James Corden, consolidated to over 1.1 million people enjoying John's compelling one-to-one chat.
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John Bishop: In Conversation With..., is produced by Lola Entertainment and distributed by BBC Worldwide.
For interviews with John Bishop please contact:
Neil Reading, neil@neilreadingpr.com
For more information and images, please contact:
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Sky 109/245, Virgin 124/191, BT & TalkTalk 407 / On demand on Sky and Virgin
W is UKTV's premium entertainment channel, offering audiences a dazzling mix of original factual entertainment formats - ON, Get Me To The Church, Honey I Bought the House - alongside the gold standard of shows from the US including Code Black, Criminal Minds: Beyond Borders, CSI:NY, Grimm and The Strain plus the same day repeat of EastEnders.
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text:
This Diet Works Better Than Exercise to Protect Aging Brains in Mice, But is Hard for Humans
By Dana Dovey On 3/28/18 at 9:16 AM EDT
Tech & Science Brain health Neuroscience Diet and nutrition
Our brains age naturally as we grow older, but new research suggests that a low-fat, calorie restrictive diet may be able to keep this aging to a minimum.
The study, published online in Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, investigated how lifelong diet and exercise regimes affected the brains of mice. Researchers from the University of Groningen in the Netherlands and Huazhong University of Science and Technology in China kept adult mice on either a low-fat diet, a high-fat diet, or a diet with 40 percent caloric reduction. The mice also had access to running wheels and were allowed to use them at their own will. Time spent on the wheels was recorded throughout their lifetime.
After the mice died, their brains were then analyzed for age-induced inflammation, an important hallmark of brain health. Results revealed that mice who were fed a low-fat diet in addition to calorie reduction had reduced age-induced inflammation in their brain cells.
Related: Potato Diet: What Happens To your Body If You Eat Only Spuds
"Increased inflammation is observed in the human CNS (central nervous system) during aging," lead study researcher Bart Eggen from the University of Groningen told Newsweek. Brain inflammation is also seen in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric conditions, usually to a higher degree, he said.
Eggen noted that the mice in the study adhered to the diet for their entire lives. It's not clear if the diet would have the same results if researchers were to switch the mice to it later in life. "What we don't know is if the changes we observed under these dietary conditions are reversible," he said. "For instance, if we switch animals from a high-fat diet to a more protective, low-fat, low-caloric intake condition, could we revert the effect of the high-fat diet?"
A diet with 40 percent less calories than recommended may have positive effects on the brain. Dan Kitwood/Getty Images
In theory, controlling age-related inflammation in the brain could help control certain disease risks. A strict low-fat, calorie restricted diet may be a non-medicinal way to achieve this. However, the diet is far more difficult to achieve in humans than it is in mice.
Related: What Is The DASH Diet? Here Is The Best Way To Eat To Prevent Heart Disease
"It's one of those things that can be really hard to sustain, and maybe not even possible for the average person," Lisa Moskovitz, RD, CDN, and CEO of NY Nutrition Group, a private nutrition counseling firm, in New York City, told Newsweek. "They [dieters] would not only find it difficult to feel full and satisfied, but it may lead to increased cravings and binges."
Even if a low-fat, reduced calorie diet is proved to have the same effect in humans, the effort to uphold this diet may not be worth the result. "I would say to take this information with a grain of salt...I would not suggest this type of diet for most people," said Moskovitz.
This Diet Works Better Than Exercise to Protect Aging Brains in Mice, But is Hard for Humans | Tech & Science
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"I attended my first summer workshop in 2003 while a doctoral student. It was a life-changing experience. I was surrounded by the crème de la crème of scholars dedicated to studying, preventing and eliminating health disparities. Several of these esteemed individuals were women and people of color, which is not a minor point to take for granted. Indeed, at the time I was the sole Black doctoral student in my program and subsequently became the first Black woman to earn a PhD from that program. Thus it was profoundly moving and motivating to be surrounded by like-minded people representing both veteran scholars, experienced practitioners, and us student rookies. There was a vibrant energy emanating from the speakers and panelists, as well as from the audience members. I no longer felt alone.
In 2005 while a junior faculty member, I direly wanted to attend but did not wish to fly as I was pregnant. My spouse drove me 1,058 miles through 6 states so that I could participate. Once again, I left the workshop with renewed vigor to tackle our nation's issues with health inequities. This second experiences cemented my commitment to a career focused on eliminating health disparities.
"The year after my diagnosis, I completed my Master of Social Work degree and enrolled in Texas A&M's health education doctoral program. Two very important events happened during that time period. In 2006, I met Dr. E Lisako Jones-McKyer who enthusiastically agreed to join my dissertation committee. In 2007, I was re- introduced to Dr. Lovell Jones, also a Baton Rouge native, when he visited College Station and provided a talk on health disparities. Later that year, I attended my first summer workshop.
The next five days of the workshop were as awe-inspiring as they were overwhelming. Every day, regardless of discipline or rank, the presenters spoke with one unified message concerning the need for health equity. They issued an undeniable call to action and dared each of us to strike a blow against health disparities in whatever form they take. As the workshop came to a close, I finally began to see the unfolding of my life's purpose— a career dedicated to the elimination of cancer disparities and the teaching and mentoring of the next generation of health equity researchers and practitioners.
Today, almost 10 years after my first workshop, I have come full circle. I am a faculty member at the University of Houston— Downtown. It is my pleasure and privilege to mentor the next generation of social workers who are going out into Houston and points beyond to alter the very socioeconomic fabric of their communities. For my efforts in bladder and prostate cancer survivorship, I was conferred the 2016 UHD Excellence in Scholarly/ Creative Activities Award. The icing on the proverbial cake is that I am co-chairing this year's workshop with the two people who helped launch my health disparities career.
I am honored and excited to have received this email. My time at the Center for Research on Minority Health in the summer of 2011 changed my entire life and I am forever grateful. I graduated from Prairie View A&M University in May, and am currently pursuing a Masters in Public Health at Columbia University. Without my participation in the PIPELINE program with the amazing Kellogg Scholars and under the guidance of you I may never have been exposed to the field of public health, I am forever indebted. My time at the CRMH solidified my interest in fighting health disparities, and I hope to dedicate my career to doing so. Although I don't see the PIPELINE program, I am hoping that my response will still be valuable. Looking forward to keeping in touch!
I am very saddened to hear that the CRMH is no longer in existence. I consider my summer spent there to be a very defining period in my life that shaped my goals for myself.
I apologize for the late response, Dr. Jones. I had been swamped with law school finals and then starting back at my internship for the break. I have completed the survey you sent out. I hope you've been well and look forward to seeing you soon!!
I hope all is well with you. I apologize for the delay, I just submitted the form.
I truly enjoyed my summer with Dr. King and Ms. Lewis and the outreach work we did in Galena Park.
It was the reason I focused on minority-centered outreach opportunities as a student while at UT.
I hope to continue the momentum within both my corporate and personal networks as I move forward as a young professional.


Duty: Medical educators have a duty to convey the knowledge and skills required for delivering the profession's standard of care and also to instill the values and attitudes required for preserving the medical profession's social contract with its patients.
Integrity: Learning environments that are conducive to conveying professional values must be based on integrity. Students learn professionalism by observing and emulating role models who epitomize authentic professional values and attitudes.
Respect: Respect for every individual is fundamental to the ethics of medicine. Mutual respect is essential for nurturing that ethic. Teachers have a special obligation to ensure that students are always treated respectfully.
The UI COM Positive Learning Environment Policy sets forth the commitment of the UI COM to protect the integrity of the learning environment, establishes the characteristics of a positive learning environment and code of conduct for Teacher-Student Relationships, defines "student mistreatment", and encourages those who have experienced or witnessed student mistreatment or other learning environment concerns to report them.


If you do not have the Flash plugin installed, click here to download it.
It is a short, easy route, 2.76 km. long, that will enable us to become acquainted with the legends related with the gentiles of Jentilbaratza. We will pass by the church, the Zaindegi house, Mendiola Hill and the Agerre farmhouse, watched from above by the Jentilbaratza hill, and we will soak up the stories about the gentiles.


Now this? This is an awesome post. And what exactly IS the correct bathroom etiquette on a rock 'n roll tour bus?
Thanks TG for your list of Band Books. I'd like to read the Ray Davies. "If you can remember it, you weren't there" which is why I have a stalwart and true friend who reminds me of every stupid thing I ever did way back when.
And you're right, there is no such thing as a banned book. Only ones that haven't been read.
Sarah -- I'm told by TG that polite passengers wait for rest stops to take care of any *cough* "major business." You know, in the interest of maintaining a pleasant, er, atmosphere. So to speak. The bus bathroom should be reserved for emergencies only.
Anne -- LOL! That's what stalwart friends are for.
TG, I think you may be more awesome than Linda (no small feat - and from what Linda leads us to believe, your feet aren't small either *cough*).
But, do *not* tell her I said that. Any of it.
Band, banned, lol! I see what you did there. Thanks for the laughs, TG!
Band Books LOL, awesome post!
Oh TG! Not believing in banned books is excellent.
Band books, eh? Too funny. The Grimes family shares a terrific sense of humor.
Great post--it's easy to see you belong together.
Trisha -- I guarantee one of TG's Manhattans will make you feel better.
Tawna -- Always happy to provide you with a laugh. Oh, and love your excessive use of exclamation points!!!!!
Thanks, everybody, for the kind comments and making me feel so welcome.
Hi TG!!!! Nice to "meet" you. :o) BTW-you're cheeky and I like that LOL!
Funny! Also well-written. Has TG thought of becoming a novelist?
And Linda, how wonderful that you have TG to cover for you when you're crunched! I, too, have my pinch-hitter -- 11 year old daughter Gina.
I'm such a dope - I didn't read to the end before I decided my friend would love 'band' book week. So I sent her the link to your post and then came back and read. Needless to say I had to send a second never-mind post. Laughing at myself now.
Wouldn't band book week be cool, though?
At least that is a good thing!
I'm with TG on this one. I don't believe in banned books either. But Band books.
But seriously how could he leave out Bon Jovi: When we were beautiful? Or Days of Hope and Dreams: An Intimate Portrait of Bruce Springsteen? Maybe I should have a word with him? Or at least send him copies.


text:
Anti-replay is a sub-protocol of IPsec that is part of Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). The main goal of anti-replay is to avoid hackers injecting or making changes in packets that travel from a source to a destination. Anti-replay protocol uses a unidirectional security association in order to establish a secure connection between two nodes in the network. Once a secure connection is established, the anti-replay protocol uses packet sequence numbers to defeat replay attacks as follows: When the source sends a message, it adds a sequence number to its packet; the sequence number starts at 0 and is incremented by 1 for each subsequent packet. The destination maintains a 'sliding window' record of the sequence numbers of validated received packets; it rejects all packets which have a sequence number which is lower than the lowest in the sliding window (i.e. too old) or already appears in the sliding window (i.e. duplicates/replays). Accepted packets, once validated, update the sliding window (displacing the lowest sequence number out of the window if it was already full).

See also
 Cryptanalysis
 Man in the middle attack
 Replay attack
 Session ID
 Transport Layer Security

References

Internet layer protocols
Cryptographic protocols
Tunneling protocols
Network layer protocols

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


BeoSphere is a concept created for Bang & Olufsen in the course Interactive Prototyping at Aalto University. The aim of the course was to make a functioning interactive prototype for a concept within the theme "music in the home". Beosphere is a tangible user interface for digital music. The prototype is controlled by an Arduino, which is connected to Processing to control Spotify.


text:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Des Wade - Songwriter ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Des Wade
Over the years I have been in various groups that didn't last long, but along the way I made a couple of recordings which received little or no promotion on my part but which, nevertheless, found some favour and minimal airplay. In 2001 I released a 6 track CD - Song Shall Arise - which was to a large extent a collaboration with Ralf Schmidt - originally bassist with the '70s Berlin band Interzone who was living in Adelaide, South Australia.
Four of the songs were original compositions of mine, with an original instrumental by Ralf and a collaboration between us. The group name we used was Areesh which is derived from the Gaelic word arís which means 'again' or 'repeat'. The name was apt for a number of reasons. I was drawing from Celtic myths and legends for inspiration for what was originally intended to be a much larger project involving the re-telling of two of the great stories - The Children of Lir and Oisín's (pr: Usheen's) sojourn in Tír na nÓg (pr: teer na nogue - rhymes with vogue). This sense of repetition appealed to me.
The Children of Lir
In Irish mythology The Children of Lir were transformed into swans for 900 years. In that time they spent 300 years in a lake and there they sang songs of such power and beauty that there was peace in the land; all who heard were cured of ills and forgot their unhappiness and grievances. All the more magical as swans are mute! My song Bird Song (later adapted and re-written as Big Wing) is an evocative, uplifting piece expressing the transformative influence of song and beauty and was inspired by the story of the children, tho' they set the bar pretty high for the rest of us songwriters! The song The Waltz of the Wind and the Waters is the opening track on that album and outlines the story of the children but unfortunately these are the only two tracks to make it through to the final recording re;ating to the Lir myth.
Usheen in Tír na nÓg
Tír na nÓg (Land of the Young) is another important part of Irish legend. This Celtic Shangri-La is a place where one never grows old and everything is perfect.
The mythical bard Oisín (pronounced Usheen) once travelled to Tír na nÓg and two songs on this album touch on aspects of his adventures. The Seduction of Usheen is a fantasy that he was seduced by a sorceress in his dreams. She was the daughter of the king of Tír na nÓg and, at her father's behest, was trying to get Usheen to go with her to that magical kingdom by making him fall in love with her before they actually met. The words in Gaelic at the beginning translate as "Usheen is dreaming, is dreaming, is dreaming in the land, in the land between Yes and No".
Usheen did go but, finding the perfection of life there somewhat predictable and missing his friends, he returned to the land of the mortals. He discovered that many hundreds of human years had elapsed and the old ways and all his companions were long gone. The spoken word piece The Harp Unstrung (with music by Ralf Schmidt) imagines that when Oisin left Tír na nÓg, his harp remained behind – never to be played again. Maire Nicholson featured this piece on her ABC radio show some time ago. When he touched the earth he was an old, old man and spent his last days recalling and re-telling the stories of his time.
The song Wings of Angels was also on the Song Shall Arise album - and the set was rounded out by Ralf's instrumental The Long Road Home. Wings of Angels, by the way, is the most popular song I have written according to Jango Radio with more fans liking it than all my other songs put together.
The word Areesh was also appealing because it sounds a bit like Irish - but with an accent. True story: a local Dutch folk dj - Hank de Weerd - played this disc when it was first released and he said on air - "the group is called Irish but they spell it Areesh"!
In the event, the recording was a long and frought business due to the absence of a band and my limited skills on guitar as well as a lack of money. Without Ralf's versatility the album couldn't have been made, however. He contributed bass, guitar and harmonica to the stand-out track Wings of Angels and wrote the violin part. Another 6 or 7 songs which were intended for the album either didn't get written - or finished - or recorded if they fell below par.


Service supporting text messaging and related functionality.
In Windows 10 it is starting only if the user, an application or another service starts it. If MessagingService fails to load or initialize, Windows 10 start up proceeds without warnings. However the error details are being logged.
The MessagingService service is using the MessagingService.dll file that is located in the %WinDir%\System32 folder. If the file is changed, damaged or deleted, you can restore its original version from Windows 10 installation media.


text:
Q: 3D rigid body matching algorithm As can be seen in the picture below, I have a number of lines in 3D. They consist of 3 different groups of lines, and the common property of the lines in each group is that they pass close to the same point. However, in this problem, we don't know which line belongs to which group. What is given are only the 3D coordinates (x,y,z) of the 2 ends of all the lines.

My job is to find an algorithm to match/fit/register a triangle (a rigid body) to those lines such that the sum of distances between 3 vertexes of the triangle and their corresponding lines is minimized.
In conclusion, given a number of sets of (x1,y1,z1,x2,y2,z2) (which are coordinates of 2 ends of a line), I need to find the position of 3 vertexes of a triangle to fit in those lines (given the relative distance between the 3 vertexes).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Saletan vs Obama on common ground
Amanda Marcotte has a nice piece on George Tiller irreconcilable assassin. Read the whole thing, but here's the most important bit:
But I want to talk about how this assassination needs to be a wake-up call to the William Saletans of the world, and also to Barack Obama---"common ground" is a pipe dream. A great deal of people want to believe that we can somehow come together to agree that abortion is unfortunate and the rate needs to be reduced (even though we can't talk about how anti-choicers will fight you on any attempts to use contraception and education to actually accomplish this goal), and they hope this will at least temper the abortion debate.
It might be easier to think about this situation if you mirror it to the left and eco-terrorism. In regions of the country where there's a strong pro-environment culture, you see some modest sympathy at least for the goals of eco-terrorism, though not for the methods. But there is a large and vibrant environmental movement that has real political clout and which has nothing to do with these nutjobs. At best, someone like Dennis Kucinich might show up at a rally.
The pro-life movement doesn't have quite such a neat distinction. Former Kansas Attorney General, panty-sniffer, and George Tiller-harrasser Phil Kline has been in the news lately condemning Tiller's assassination, but here's Kline's letter to Operation Save America, the successor organization to the professional intimidators at Operation Rescue, of which the assassin was a member. In 1991 Operation Rescue hosted a rally that featured a little known activist named James Dobson. You've also got some Catholic Bishops getting into the mix (not all!).The distance between anti-choice intimidators/terrorists and major figures in Republican politics is much closer than anything you'll find on the left.
Some of the common grounders coughWillSaletancough seem to want actual policy concessions, but a quick look at the 2008 Democratic Platform shows that the Administration isn't giving much ground (note that family planning funding that was strippedfrom the stimulus has been restored in the budget). What this second breed of common grounders is looking for is to excise the extremists from the political movement. It's not about finding common ground with Randall Terry—that's never going to happen. It's about making sure no one at the bargaining table thinks that they're there to represent Randall Terry. As Melissa McEwan is fond of saying, shit like this doesn't happen in a vacuum. The Obama brand of common grounders are trying to shift the terms of debate so the culture surrounding abortion opposition changes. If you have a pro-life movement and a Republican party that's less sympathetic to domestic terrorism, you'll have ... less domestic terrorism. It will never drop to zero; again, despite a less radical environmental movement and little support from politicians, people are still torching SUVs or exurban cul-de-sacs. But most GMC Yukon dealers are more worried about being axed during the upcoming bankruptcy than someone burning their inventory. Meanwhile, according to NAF statistics, daily picketing is a fact of life for abortion providers, and there's roughly one incident of serious violence for every eight providers. There aren't many jobs outside of law enforcement that face that level of daily threats. Creating a political culture where this sort of behavior has little or no support from either party is crucial to making it happen less often.
But we don't just have to wait for talk. Contact your local NARAL chapter and see if they are lobbying the state legislature for a "bubble bill" to at least keep the picketers at bay. At the national level there may be some ill-advised push back against "politicizing the tragedy", but local politicians usually aren't quite so worried, and some can be moved by just a handful of phone calls.
The Marginal Democrat is Still Marginal
You Read More Novels Than Me
The Final Vote Count
Why Ricci Means Liberals Shouldn't Feel Bad About ...
Height Taxes: In Which The Utilitarian Eats Mankiw...
Friday Kitsch Cover (Michael Jackson Edition)
Scalia Finds an Acorn
Nice Work, White House Press Corps
Where In The World Is Mark Sanfordiego?
The Simplest Explanation is Usually Correct
Pressing The Advantage
Pitch Counts
My Thoughts On Health Care Reform
Collin Peterson: A Democrat Worth Losing?
Who Lobbies The Lobbyists?
Texas 2010 Senate Action
In Defense Of Fun
Naming Fail
Halimah Abdullah: Awesome Journalist
Guantanamo Bedwetting: Not Just for Americans!
Primaries Are Expensive ... But They Raise Name Re...
The Eastern Blogosphere
Making CNBC Suck Less
2009 Virginia Democratic Primary Results Map (not...
There Is No Such Thing As A Pitching Prospect
The Toyotaization of Health Care
The National Review's Sotomayor Incongruity Joke
The Public Option Overton Window
The Obama Health Care Plan
The Fleecing of Pittsburgh
Sex With Ducks Leads To Issues With Extended Family
We're All Coal States
Tuesday For Friday Obama Caption Contest
ARML 2009
Mathjam
"Picketing"


Here's hoping that my comment shows up — I've been having one heck of a time with my online ID for making comments to friend's blogs. Your last comment about all the things you 'should/could' be doing and yet you do nothing resonates with me. I have BOXES of genealogical stuff that I can't begin to go through because it gets too complicated trying to remember who is who and where they fit in the family tree. I too have books stacked up yet I read on my Kindles. We need to just be for a while until we can take up the burden of life once again…put our toes into the edge of the muck and carry on… hugs to you dear friend…you are not alone.


text:
Q: How to get versionName and versionCode from JNI to Android I have tried searching but have not found anything, anyone can guide or any solution is appreciated.
Edit
I would like to get information like versionCode and versionName in C ++, I was able to get the packageName with the following code.
static jstring getpkg(JNIEnv* env, jobject thiz, jobject activity) {
    jclass android_content_Context =env->GetObjectClass(activity);
    jmethodID midGetPackageName = env->GetMethodID(android_content_Context,"getPackageName", "()Ljava/lang/String;");
    jstring packageName= (jstring)env->CallObjectMethod(activity, midGetPackageName);
    return packageName;
}

A: In java you can do the following:
String VersionName = this.getPackageManager()
                                    .getPackageInfo(this.getPackageName(), 0)
                                    .versionName;

String VersionCode = this.getPackageManager()
                                    .getPackageInfo(this.getPackageName(), 0)
                                    .versionCode;


text:
Cassaundra Lewis
Ninos Adams
Wanda Wright
Cynthia Oster
Sedative-hypnotic agents include a class of drugs called barbiturates. Barbiturates, specifically phenobarbital, offer a wide array of clinical uses that commonly include anti-seizure management.[1] It is even recommended as an agent to treat status epilepticus.[2] A study performed in China comparing valproic acid to phenobarbital for the treatment of status epilepticus, showed intravenous phenobarbital to have better clinical outcomes in the study population compared to valproic acid.[3] Although proven effective for status epilepticus, phenobarbital has widely been replaced with other drugs that offer less harmful side effects.[4][2] Phenobarbital can also be used to relieve insomnia[5] and apprehensiveness, although addiction is a point of concern when phenobarbital is used for insomnia. This drug can also be used for benzodiazepine and alcohol withdrawal treatment,[6] due to its anti-seizure properties and sedative effect. The syndrome resulting from alcohol withdrawal has a better clinical outcome when treated with benzodiazepines according to significant evidence-based studies.[7][8] Long-acting agents such as phenobarbital are not the preferred option for surgical induction; short-acting barbiturates are commonly used for this purpose.[9] Phenobarbital's involvement in severe brain injury management is to reduce intracranial pressure by suppressing cerebral metabolism, but phenobarbital's adverse effect of hypotension negatively impacts the brain's supply of oxygen thus offsetting any clinical benefit.[10]
Phenobarbital works by increasing the amount of time chloride channels are open which in turn depresses the central nervous system. This is done by acting on GABA-A receptor subunits. When phenobarbital binds to these receptors, the chloride ion gates open and stay open allowing a steady flow of these ions into neuronal cells.[1] This action hyperpolarizes the cell's membrane, thereby increasing the threshold for the action potential. This is the reasoning as to why this drug is effective in the treatment of seizures. As per the metabolism and clearance of the drug, phenobarbital is a water-soluble agent metabolized by the liver and expelled mainly through the kidneys.[1] It is important to remember clearance rates vary with patients and their specific presentations. For instance, terminally ill cancer patients on phenobarbital may need dose adjustments due to reduced clearance of this drug.[11] Cytochrome p450 is induced by phenobarbital, and so careful consideration must be made when given concurrently with other medications. For instance, an epileptic woman who takes oral contraceptive pills and phenobarbital must be fully aware of the possible interaction between the medications. Phenobarbital, an antiepileptic drug, is known to induce the liver's cytochrome p450 enzyme. Inducing this enzyme speeds up the metabolism of estrogens and progestins. Thus, a woman taking both anti-epileptic medication and oral contraceptive pills can have an unexpected pregnancy due to the decreased efficacy of her oral contraceptive pills[12]. This is why it is crucial to educate the patient about potential risks.
Phenobarbital is given through a variety of routes. These include[13]:
Intramuscular (IM)
Intravenous (IV)
When phenobarbital is given intravenously, it should be for emergency cases. Other routes of administration should be accessed first and checked for any indurations. Studies have shown that an induration at a site of infusion results in a decreased bioavailability of phenobarbital.[14] Another study has shown rectal administration of phenobarbital to be effective, with a relative bioavailability reaching 90%.[15]
Complications associated with phenobarbital use are coma, decreased effort to breathe, and low blood pressure.[1] The more common adverse effects include[16]:
Incoordination
Impaired balance
These adverse effects, stemming from phenobarbital usage, impact the geriatric patients to a greater degree, and therefore, the use of newer antiepileptics (lamotrigine, levetiracetam) are preferred for seizure treatment in this population.[16]
This drug has been associated with Steven-Johnson syndrome, but this is a rare complication. The following have been associated with long-term use of Phenobarbital: irritability, loss of appetite, achiness in the bones, joints or muscles, depression, and liver damage, although liver damage is a rare complication.[1]
A person with underlying obstructive lung disease will have a higher risk of complications.[1] The respiratory drive depression associated with barbiturate toxicity compounded with an already compromised respiratory system can contribute to complications.[17] It was also found that drug interaction from combined oral theophylline medication and phenobarbital, negatively impacted theophylline blood levels compared to plain oral theophylline pills.[17] Phenobarbital has been shown to decrease levels of steroids and theophylline via the cytochrome p450 liver metabolism system.[17] Therefore, persons receiving combined oral treatment for their lung condition can experience issues regarding subtherapeutic blood levels of theophylline and or corticosteroids.
It is imperative not to drink alcohol while taking barbiturates because there is a danger of severe respiratory depression when both are in one's system. When taken simultaneously, both drug's individual effects on GABA-A add to the other.[1] This can cause a life-threatening scenario.
When taking a prescription of a barbiturate such as phenobarbital, one may go into withdrawal if they were to stop taking it suddenly. Tapering of the drug must be implemented.
The range of phenobarbital deemed effective without causing issues to an individual is between 10 To 40 mcg/mL. Once blood levels increase above 40 mcg/mL, the patient is in a lethal range and at substantial risk.[1]
Barbiturate toxicity is noticeable at 1 gram via oral route, although this amount varies depending on the individual. Doses above 2 grams have caused deaths, but a deadly dose usually spans from 40 to 80 mcg/mL according to the following article.[1]
Toxicity from barbiturates varies, but common symptoms include the following[1]:
Decreased heart rate
Polydipsia
Below normal urine output
Decreased body temperature
Mydriasis
Deaths have resulted from marked respiratory depression, hypotension, and coma.[1]
Treatment of phenobarbital toxicity is supportive[18]; comprising maintenance of airway function (through endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation), correction of bradycardia and hypotension (with IV fluids and vasopressors, if necessary). After properly assessing and correcting the patient's airway, breathing, and circulation; it is imperative to remove the drug from the body. This can be done via gastric irrigation, forced alkaline diuresis or dialysis.[18] For now, an explicit treatment does not exist.[1]
Phenobarbital is a drug that poses an urgent situation for healthcare workers when a patient arrives after an attempted overdose. Although restrictions on the access to barbiturates have caused the number of overdoses to decline,[1] it is still crucial to assess and treat patients with a phenobarbital overdose expeditiously.
Phenobarbital is known for being highly addictive and in prior years, found to be a common agent of choice for suicide attempts.[19] Phenobarbital overdose is a healthcare emergency and requires teamwork from the entire healthcare spectrum to help the patient. Begin by assessing patient vitals. The healthcare team must ensure respiratory effort is optimal. If it is compromised, precautions for respiratory support must be put in place (endotracheal intubation and/or mechanical ventilation). Next, a urine toxicology or blood toxicology must be done to confirm the suspected diagnosis. It is imperative to implement the management of cardiac and respiratory status quickly.[1][19] Alkalinizing the urine can help eliminate the drug, but if prior interventions fail to advance patients in a positive direction, hemodialysis or hemoperfusion can be used to enhance drug clearance.[1][18][20] Hemoperfusion was thought to be more effective in phenobarbital overdose due to increased protein binding; however, a case of severe phenobarbital intoxication treated with high-efficiency dialyzers and increased rates of blood flow, showed that hemodialysis is the better option for drug clearance in compromised patients. The patient experienced a positive clinical outcome after phenobarbital levels dropped rapidly.[18][21] While in recovery, the patient needs to be properly counseled about barbiturates and proper/improper use.[1] This educational opportunity, along with a psychiatric evaluation, is pertinent for the patient. Regarding the prevention of future overdoses, an interprofessional effort among patient's health care providers must be employed to ensure that the patient is not prescribed many pills at once. They can also evaluate whether the patient can be switched to an alternative medication. An evidence level III-cohort study showed that subjects who purposely overdosed on barbiturates had an increased risk of an adverse ICU course. If the healthcare team judiciously prescribes barbiturates, the patient is less likely to overdose and thus less likely to suffer an adverse hospital course according to this study.[22]
Phenobarbital - Questions
A 60-year-old African American patient with a past medical history of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, bipolar disorder, epilepsy, deep vein thrombosis, and chronic atrial fibrillation is being treated with phenobarbital to control the seizures. The patient is seen in the emergency room after complaining of pain and stiffness in the right calf. The patient is complaining of right calf pain, which is described as 7/10, crampy, and non-radiating. Vital signs reveal blood pressure 130/85mmHg, temperature 98.7 F, pulse 70 beats per minute, and respirations 18 breaths/minute. The physical exam is positive for pain with dorsiflexion of right foot, swelling, erythema, and tenderness of right calf. Doppler ultrasound study showed a clot in the right calf. During the patient's hospital stay, INR was consistently 1.0, putting the patient at risk for future thrombosis. Which drug is impacted by phenobarbital's hepatic enzyme induction and would have to be increased or decreased in order to maintain therapeutic levels while on phenobarbital?
Insulin, Decreased
Lithium, Decreased
Penicillin, Increased
Warfarin, Increased
A mother arrives at the emergency department with her 12-month-old female infant. The mother rushed over with the infant after she said her child's entire body started to violently and uncontrollably shake in her arms after waking up from a nap. Past medical history is absent of congenital diseases and child has currently not prescribed any medications. The mother denies any family history of epilepsy or brain tumors. Obstetric history includes uncomplicated vaginal birth at 39 weeks. As per developmental history, the infant can sit without assistance, pulls self up to stand, and says the word, mama. The mother said this has never happened to her child before. She had 3 more seizures all within the time span of 5 minutes on the way to the emergency room without a return to her normal self and continues to convulse. Vital signs include blood pressure 90/65mmHg, temperature 98.6 F, pulse rate 150 beats per minute, respiratory rate 25 breaths/minute. What is this patient's diagnosis and what is an appropriate dose of phenobarbital for a 12-month-old child with this diagnosis?
Status Epilepticus, 5 mg/kg
Status Epilepticus, 15 mg/kg
Complex Partial seizure 25 mg/kg
Complex Partial seizure, 35 mg/kg
A 30- year- old female patient with a past medical history significant for childhood diagnosed epilepsy comes to the emergency department with her husband after experiencing an abrupt seizure at home. In the ED, she has 3 more seizures in a 5 minute period where she is seen convulsing on the floor in her husband's arms. Between each seizure, the patient did not return to her normal baseline. Vitals reveals a blood pressure of 130/85mmHg, Pulse 90 beats per minute, Temperature 98.7 F, Respirations 30 breaths/minute. A thorough physical exam was challenging to perform due to an actively convulsing patient. The first-line drug was not available. What is the effect of the second-line drug whose mechanism of action involves lengthening the time chloride gates stay in an open state?
It stabilizes neuronal membranes
It Inhibits synaptic transmission in the cortex
It enhances brain concentrations of GABA
It affects the limbic system and thalamus
Which one of the following medications is a potent liver enzyme inducer?
Which of the following medications is a known enzyme inducer?
A 36-year-old Caucasian male with a past medical history of epilepsy diagnosed 10 years ago, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia comes into his primary care physician's office with a hand complaint. Patient states for the past 6 months he has noticed his right hand progressively become more and more rigid. Vital signs include blood pressure 125/80 mmHg, temperature 98.6 F, pulse 70 beats per minute, and respirations 16 breaths/minute. He describes not being able to extend his right hand fully, and he feels as if there is a tight rubber band preventing this action. The patient denies any pain or past trauma to the area. On physical examination, the right digitus medius is in a partially flexed state bending toward the palm. The patient is unable to exhibit the full extension of the right third digit. The radial pulse is present and intact bilateral. The left hand has a complete range of motion. What of the following drugs is associated with such complaint?
49-year-old African American male with a past medical history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia comes in for an employment physical. He said he feels great but suddenly starts to drool and click his tongue; no longer interacting with the provider. This episode lasted for ten minutes. When the patient returned to his baseline, he was unaware of what happened but says his wife notices this happens to him approximately 4 times a month randomly for the past couple months. She told him they last about 3-4 minutes. He never went to a provider because he thought these episodes would eventually go away. The patient currently takes amlodipine and lovastatin. The family history is positive for hypertension in the mother and father and negative for epilepsy. Social history includes banker, married with 1 child, sexually active with wife. Denies alcohol, tobacco, or illicit drug use. Vitals: Blood pressure 135/90, Heart Rate 80, Temperature 98.5 F, and Respirations 16. Physical exam: Cardio S1 S2 no murmurs, Lungs vesicular bilateral, Abdominal exam non tender and negative for organomegaly. Triceps, Brachioradialis, patellar, and achilles reflex intact bilateral. Upper and lower extremity motor and sensory intact bilateral. Pupils equal, round, reactive to light and accommodation. Tympanic membrane pearly gray, moist mucus membranes in oral cavity. No cervical lymphadenopathy. Thyroid not palpable. Which medication can be used to treat the patient and will most likely increase beta activity on electroencephalogram?
A 30-year-old Hispanic mother with a past medical history of type 2 diabetes and asthma, comes to the pediatric emergency room with her 4-day old male infant with the complaint that her baby looks yellow and is inconsolable. The mother noticed this change in her baby's appearance this afternoon. Obstetric history includes: the patient is the mother's only child, premature labor, and delivery at 35 weeks, uncomplicated vaginal birth, Hep B, and vitamin K were administered at birth. The patient is breastfed for 15 minutes every 2 hours daily. The mother denies the patient having any fever, chills, diarrhea, or vomiting. Upon inspection, the patient is observed crying and has a yellow hue all over the body. Vital signs: Blood pressure 83/53mmHg, pulse 130 beats per minute, temperature 97.9 F, Respirations 45 breaths/minute. Abdominal exam negative for protuberance or tenderness. Lung sounds were vesicular and resonant upon percussion bilateral. Cardio exam exhibited S1, S2, and no murmurs. Eye exam showed faint yellowing of sclera bilateral. Labs showed the patient having a bilirubin level of 22 mg per dL. Reticulocyte count and hemoglobin were 1% and 12.5 g/dL, respectively. Congenital, endocrine, and metabolic disease have all been ruled out. Which of the following medications can help in this infant's condition?
A 40-year-old female with a past medical history of being HIV positive is rushed to the emergency department. Her boyfriend said that her entire body started to shake uncontrollably in the passenger seat of their car on the way to a restaurant. He also added that the patient had 3 of these episodes in a 5-minute time frame, without ever returning to her normal self. The boyfriend was not sure if this event has ever happened to his girlfriend before. Vitals include blood pressure 140/90 mmHg, temperature 98.7 F, heart rate 75 beats per minute, Respiration 20 breaths/minute. The emergency room physician administered a benzodiazepine, but the patient continues to seize. What drug can be used for long term therapy of this patient's condition?
Valproic Acid
What is a Phenobarbital?
Strong acid
Strong base
Weak acid
Weak base
Which of the following describes phenobarbital?
Anticonvulsant
Antiarrhythmic
Barbiturate
A 16-year-old Hispanic male with a past medical history of status epilepticus and asthma is rushed to Emergency Room with suspected drug overdose after girlfriend came home and found a suicide note and an empty bottle of his prescription pills next to the unconscious body. When asked about any change in behavior leading up to the suicide attempt, the girlfriend said in the past couple of weeks she noticed his speech was slurred, he would stumble frequently, lose balance on level terrain, and complained about feeling sleepy. Vitals: Blood pressure 109/65, Heart Rate 45, Temperature 98.6 F, Respiration 6 breaths/minute. Physical exam: No needle track marks or visible wounds on the body. Cardio S1 S2 no murmurs, lung exam exhibited shallow breaths bilateral, and the abdominal exam was nonsignificant. The pupils are of normal size and reactive to light. Intubation was initiated and the patient started on intravenous fluids. Based on the girlfriend's interview and the patient's physical exam, which suspected drug of abuse could be found unchanged in the patient's urine?
Amobarbital
Thiopental
Butalbital
A 22-year-old female on oral contraceptive pills (OCP) for the past three years had an antiepileptic drug added to her prescribed medications three months ago. Today she visits the clinic complaining of early morning nausea and vomiting for the past month. She denies headache, chills, cough, fever, diarrhea, weight loss, and abdominal pain. Vital signs include blood pressure 130/80 mmHg, temperature 97.8F, pulse 70 beats per minute, respirations 14 breaths/minute. The physical examination is negative for abdominal tenderness, lung sounds are vesicular bilateral, and cardiac exam shows S1, S2 no murmurs. Also, the patient's pregnancy test returned positive even she admits of regular use of the oral contraceptive pills. The provider suspects this result was due to her new medication. How did the antiepileptic drug most likely exert its effect within the patient to increase the risk of pregnancy?
Gabapentin induces the liver's cytochrome p450 enzyme, increasing the metabolism of her oral contraceptive pills
Alprazolam ionizes the oral contraceptive pills causing decreased absorption and increased excretion
Phenobarbital induces the liver's cytochrome p450 enzyme, increasing the metabolism of her oral contraceptive pills
Valproic acid is a weak acid that ionizes the oral contraceptive pills causing decreased absorption and increased excretion
A 47-year-old Asian male with a past medical history significant for chronic phenobarbital abuse, insomnia, and hypertension comes into the provider's clinic complaining of an issue he has been experiencing for the past couple weeks. He is taking hydrochlorothiazide and multivitamins. Medical history includes an appendectomy, and family history is significant for hypertension and gout on his maternal side. The patient is a divorced car salesman with 2 kids, eats mostly fast food and smokes 1 pack of cigarettes daily for the past 3 years. He denies alcohol use but admits to taking an old phenobarbital prescription for his insomnia. Upon exploring further, he reveals taking unprescribed phenobarbital for the past 10 years to help him sleep after the divorce. When asked what he likes to do for fun, the patient said he no longer finds joy in his hobbies. Vitals include blood pressure 125/80 mmHg, temperature 98.8 F, pulse 55 beats per minute, Respirations 12 breaths/minute. The physical exam shows a slightly overweight and balding male in no acute distress. Cardiac S1 S2 are regular without any murmurs. Lung sounds are vesicular and resonant bilaterally, and the abdominal exam shows healed laparoscopic scars from a past appendectomy and non-tender palpation. Which is the physical exam finding most likely be observed in a patient chronically abusing phenobarbital?
Decreased hearing bilateral
Stumbles repeatedly when asked to walk a straight line heel to toe
Blisters/ erythematous rash found on arms during general skin inspection
A 52-year-old patient with an extensive past medical history that includes epilepsy, diabetes mellitus type 1, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia comes in asking for her seizure medication to be switched to phenobarbital because she has heard such great things about the drug for seizures. Which component of her past medical history could risk complications with phenobarbital?
Diabetes mellitus type 1
A 30-year-old African American female patient with a past medical history of epilepsy, type 2 diabetes, bipolar disorder, and hyperlipidemia all diagnosed 6 months ago, comes into the office complaining of severe abdominal pain, nausea, constipation, brown urine, feeling anxious, and tingling in her lower extremities. She experienced this myriad of complaints intermittently within the past 6 months. She mentions that the symptoms arise when she is feeling sick or stressed out, and today, she reports feeling sick. The patient denies any vomiting, diarrhea, hematochezia, change in stool color, or back pain. Medications include phenobarbital, metformin, lovastatin, lithium, and a multivitamin. Her mother and grandmother had these same constellations of symptoms that started in their thirties as well. The patient works as a retail sales assistant, denies alcohol, smoking, illicit drug use, and is currently single with no children. Vital signs include blood pressure 150/90 mmHg, heart rate 106 beats per minute, Respirations 18 breaths/minute, temperature 100.1F. The physical exam presents with non-tender abdominal palpation and no organomegaly; lungs sound vesicular bilateral, a cardiac exam revealed S1, S2 no murmurs. Throat exam revealed an erythematous oropharynx, no exudates, and tender cervical lymphadenopathy. Labs are ordered, and a spot urine test detects 8 mg/L porphobilinogen. Based on the patient's diagnosis, which medication should be discontinued due to the induction of Aminolevulinic acid synthetase?
Lovastatin
A 28-year-old Hispanic woman with a past medical history significant for genital herpes, treated syphilis, epilepsy, and drug abuse for the past 2 years is going into labor at 36 weeks. In the months before and during her pregnancy, she has complained about a loss of balance and drowsiness. Vitals of the mother includes Blood Pressure 100/75 mmHg, Temperature 98.6 F, Heart Rate 54 beats per minute, Respirations 9 breaths/minute. The Obstetrician suspects her abnormal vitals are a consequence of her drug abuse. Physical exam shows normal pupil size that exhibits direct and consensual response bilateral, cardio exam S1 S2 no murmurs, lung exam significant for shallow breaths bilateral, deep tendon reflexes intact bilateral. The genital exam reveals no active herpetic lesions on labia minora/majora or in the vaginal canal. The healed chancre scar from her past syphilis episode( treated 7 years ago with intramuscular penicillin G injection), was barely visible on left lower labia minora. Fetal heart rate monitor shows the baseline fetal heart rate at 110 beats/minute, variable decelerations, and moderate fetal heart rate variability. Based on the mother's history and physical exam, what features would most likely be exhibited with the newborn if delivered vaginally?
Cataracts, hearing loss, facial cleft, patent ductus arteriosus
Facial cleft, cracks, and fissures around the mouth, saddle nose, maculopapular rash, patent ductus arteriosus
Facial cleft, microcephaly, chorioretinitis, intracranial calcifications, patent ductus arteriosus
Facial cleft, patent ductus arteriosus
Phenobarbital - References
Falco-Walter JJ,Bleck T, Treatment of Established Status Epilepticus. Journal of clinical medicine. 2016 Apr 25 [PubMed]
Ichikura K,Okumura Y,Takeuchi T, Associations of Adverse Clinical Course and Ingested Substances among Patients with Deliberate Drug Poisoning: A Cohort Study from an Intensive Care Unit in Japan. PloS one. 2016 [PubMed]
Suddock JT,Cain MD, Barbiturate Toxicity null. 2018 Jan [PubMed]
Dumps C,Halbeck E,Bolkenius D, [Drugs for intravenous induction of anesthesia: barbiturates]. Der Anaesthesist. 2018 May 9 [PubMed]
Sachdeva A,Choudhary M,Chandra M, Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome: Benzodiazepines and Beyond. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR. 2015 Sep [PubMed]
Hammond DA,Rowe JM,Wong A,Wiley TL,Lee KC,Kane-Gill SL, Patient Outcomes Associated With Phenobarbital Use With or Without Benzodiazepines for Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome: A Systematic Review. Hospital pharmacy. 2017 Oct [PubMed]
Hocker S,Clark S,Britton J, Parenteral phenobarbital in status epilepticus revisited: Mayo Clinic experience. Epilepsia. 2018 Aug 29 [PubMed]
Wilensky AJ,Friel PN,Levy RH,Comfort CP,Kaluzny SP, Kinetics of phenobarbital in normal subjects and epileptic patients. European journal of clinical pharmacology. 1982 [PubMed]
Anderson GD,Hakimian S, Pharmacokinetic Factors to Consider in the Selection of Antiseizure Drugs for Older Patients with Epilepsy. Drugs [PubMed]
Graves NM,Holmes GB,Kriel RL,Jones-Saete C,Ong B,Ehresman DJ, Relative bioavailability of rectally administered phenobarbital sodium parenteral solution. DICP : the annals of pharmacotherapy. 1989 Jul-Aug [PubMed]
Nakayama H,Echizen H,Ogawa R,Akabane A,Kato T,Orii T, Induration at Injection or Infusion Site May Reduce Bioavailability of Parenteral Phenobarbital Administration. Therapeutic drug monitoring. 2017 Jun [PubMed]
Sabers A, Pharmacokinetic interactions between contraceptives and antiepileptic drugs. Seizure. 2008 Mar [PubMed]
Nakayama H,Echizen H,Ogawa R,Orii T,Kato T, Reduced Clearance of Phenobarbital in Advanced Cancer Patients near the End of Life. European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. 2018 Jul 19 [PubMed]
Palmer BF, Effectiveness of hemodialysis in the extracorporeal therapy of phenobarbital overdose. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation. 2000 Sep [PubMed]
Sayer WJ, Hazards of barbiturates in the treatment of asthma, bronchitis, and obstructive pulmonary disease. The Western journal of medicine. 1975 Jun [PubMed]
Roberts I,Sydenham E, Barbiturates for acute traumatic brain injury. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 2012 Dec 12 [PubMed]
Su Y,Liu G,Tian F,Ren G,Jiang M,Chun B,Zhang Y,Zhang Y,Ye H,Gao D,Chen W, Phenobarbital Versus Valproate for Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus in Adults: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial in China. CNS drugs. 2016 Dec [PubMed]
Gupta RN, Drug level monitoring: sedative hypnotics. Journal of chromatography. 1985 May 10 [PubMed]
Oks M,Cleven KL,Healy L,Wei M,Narasimhan M,Mayo PH,Kohn N,Koenig S, The Safety and Utility of Phenobarbital Use for the Treatment of Severe Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome in the Medical Intensive Care Unit. Journal of intensive care medicine. 2018 Jan 1 [PubMed]
Roberts DM,Buckley NA, Enhanced elimination in acute barbiturate poisoning - a systematic review. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.). 2011 Jan [PubMed]
Ruhe M,Grautoff S,Kähler J,Pohle T, [Suicide attempt by means of phenobarbital overdose. Effective treatment with continuous veno-venous hemodialysis]. Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin. 2016 Mar [PubMed]
Lindberg MC,Cunningham A,Lindberg NH, Acute phenobarbital intoxication. Southern medical journal. 1992 Aug [PubMed]
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text:
Inglewood's Mayor Butts Hires Inglewood City Employee for Campaign Work
Randall Fleming
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INSIDE INGLEWOOD-Inglewood's mayor, James T. Butts, has hired a city employee for campaign work.
That employee, Joshua Howe (photo) , is a Web Systems Administrator who has worked for the City of Inglewood since 2004 in the Information Technology (IT) department at Inglewood's city hall.
According to a campaign financial disclosure (CA Form 460) that stated a number of payments made to campaign personnel between July 1 and September 30, Howe was paid $3,000 for "WEB" work that is described in the filing as "information technology costs (internet, e-mail)."
The "Lead Web Developer" position that Howe holds at the City of Inglewood pays up to $6,950 monthly, according to the city's FY 2012-2013 budget released in September, 2013.
Butts' election Web site is maintained through GoDaddy.com but claims an administrative address in Koreatown (i.e., mid-Wilshire) on 11601 Wilshire Blvd in Los Angeles. He is running to maintain his seat as mayor of Inglewood in the November general election.
It is unknown what exactly Howe does for Butts and if he works from one of his listed residential homes or at city hall.
In the campaign filing, the San Pedro resident claims to live on Sunnyside Terrace; in the 2014 Inglewood Airport Area Chamber of Commerce guide, he is listed as living on Stonewood Court. Both are listed on various real estate sites as single-family residential homes.
His payment was made at about the same time a derogatory Website attacking Inglewood residents and journalists popped up. That site, which also defended Butts, was taken down when this journalist hired investigators to track its hidden IP address and emails were sent to those who were responsible. The site was hosted through GoDaddy and was discovered to emanate from the corner of West Manchester Boulevard and South La Brea Avenue.
Inglewood's civic center—which includes city hall and the police department—is situated near the intersection.
According to a WikiMedia page, Howe was responsible for posting a years-old photo that Butts regularly and frequently uses on campaign material. The photo was taken in May, 2009 by Melanie McDade, who was Butts' campaign manager and in 2011 was hired on as Butts' Senior Assistant to the Mayor to replace the position of "executive assistant to the mayor." Despite the title downgrade, the position's pay scale was increased. (See related story)
On the same disclosure sheet as Howe's payment are two payments to Melissa Hebert, a person who owns 2UrbanGirls, a blog that regularly cheers on the mayor when not publishing blogs with titles such as "Los Angeles Unified School District is sorry as f**k!" (December 12, 2013) and "Does Inglewood Unified School District have perverts on the payroll" (October 9, 2014).
Hebert was paid $1,500 for "WEB" work as well. It is unknown what work she performed.
Requests to Butts, Howe and Hebert were not returned.
(Randall Fleming is a veteran journalist and magazine publisher. He has worked at and for the New York Post, the Brooklyn Spectator and the Los Feliz Ledger. He is currently editor-in-chief at the Morningside Park Chronicle, a weekly newspaper based in Inglewood, CA and on-line at www.MorningsideParkChronicle.com. Mr. Fleming's views are his own and do not reflect the views of CityWatch.)
Pub: Oct 31, 2014
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Can Ecommerce Business be Started without Keeping Stock of Inventory?
The Internet has enabled millions of people to earn money by working from home. Starting an ecommerce business seems to be an appealing business option. The people who want to be the entrepreneur are in regular search for new and better ways of doing a business. Starting the business as a retailer is the most common thought and has become a great way to make money. If you are eager to start an ecommerce business but don't want to deal with the hassle of handling the products then go for the drop shipping.
Drop shipping is the new concept for many of the business owners and they are not fully aware of it. One has to understand this popular system to survive in this competitive market. The question arises that is it possible to start ecommerce business without inventory? Well, yes definitely!
Drop shipping is one of the popular and hottest business models when it comes to retailing. This is because it is a cost effective and convenient option to run a store and sell products online through drop shipping. Basically, drop shipping is when you act as a retailer but instead of having trouble to store the inventory at your place, you pass the orders you take to the suppliers.
The supplier is the one who is going to ship the order directly to your customers. You are still the owner of your business. This process of fulfillment of orders is termed as drop shipping. Drop shipping is beneficial for those who are unable to invest a large amount in a business and cannot afford to purchase the bulk products. But, as a drop shipping user, there will be no worries of buying and storing the stock.
Take a look on how drop shipping order gets processed. To explain to you how the entire process might look we have broken down the procedure into steps.
Step 1: A customer places an order on your web store. Assuming that the item is in the stock, you take the payment and confirm the order.
Step 2: You then place the same order to your supplier paying him the discounted rate of the same product.
Step 3: Your supplier will now pack the order with labeling your name and ships directly to your customer. This is how the process goes to sell products online through drop shipping.
Your profit margin will be the difference between the price you were charged for the product from your supplier and the price you charge your customers. You never see or handle the products and your work gets done.
How does drop shipping benefit ecommerce business?
Easy to start: It's an easy to start ecommerce business without inventory holding and sell products online through drop shipping. You don't have to buy stock upfront and you also won't need a particular place to start up your business. You will only need a laptop and an internet connection to operate your business. No handling of shipping, no managing of stock level and no worries of buying them makes it an easy to start option.
Fewer capital requirements: As you don't have to buy any stock or inventory it doesn't need any large amount of investment. Neither you have to look for a warehouse to keep the goods, nor you have to keep the staff to handle those goods. This saves you from the rent of a warehouse and with a very less amount of investment to get started and sell products online through drop shipping. You only have to pay for a product when you are already been paid for it by your customers.
Location independence: You won't need an office to operate a drop shipping business. You can be anywhere you want to start online store without keeping stock of inventory. Whether you are at your job or you are at your home or enjoying the vacations you are all set to take the orders. It doesn't keep you bounded at a particular place for hours and hours even if you don't have any work.
Scalable: This business is easy to scale as you will only be taking orders. The packaging and shipping work is done by your suppliers. You also won't have to handle the returns and tracking of the orders. So, it's easy to expand your business and add more products to your store. Once you have understood the concept you can also contact different suppliers to sell products online through drop shipping. Along with this, you can add several products.
Saves time and money: It saves a lot of time as you don't have to personally ship each and every order to the customer. Managing and keeping the stock level is also not your job. Every deal is done online within some clicks which is a time-saving thing. Also, you are away from the risk of buying the stock and keeping the staff to handle the stock level and shipping. This saves your money too. You won't have any risk of financial loss if any product wouldn't sell as you haven't bought it.
How to start selling products on ecommerce store?
Do a market research: Before you plan to start online store without keeping stock of inventory do a little homework. There is a huge competition in the market amongst the retailers. It is a must for you to know the tactics and business strategies before jumping into the drop shipping. When you start ecommerce business without inventory you should know which products are in demand and what's running in the market. Research well.
Select the niche: Decide on the niche you are going to start your business with. Your niche is the key to your success. Your niche is the only thing which will attract the traffic to your web store. Your niche product should be branded and high in quality for the customer's satisfaction. The branded niche products will automatically bring you the customers and need no invitation as they are popular enough.
Search for the suppliers: The next step is to find a reliable supplier. A supplier must let you own his products free of cost and takes the responsibility to quickly ship the orders. He should keep a constant contact with you updating you about the stock level. They should have the quality products so that your customers remain satisfied after receiving the delivery. You can find a list of suppliers online that offers the drop ship facilities.
Sign up for a drop ship program: After getting fix with your niche and the supplier, it's time to join their drop ship program. Go to their website and register for the drop ship program opening an account of yours. Read the information and features they offer and make sure to know their company policies. You should know about the shipping and returns if you are going to start ecommerce business without inventory.
Choose the products: After getting yourself registered to their drop ship programs select the products you want to sell from a list of products they offer. Read the details of the products that you will be offering to your customers. In case the buyers have any queries related to the products you will be ready with the answers. This way you will bring more customers to your business. Now you are ready to start ecommerce business without inventory.
Create a website: The last step is to start your own online store. Create your own website and list down the products you have chosen to sell. Start online store without keeping stock of inventory with writing descriptions under each and every product you listed down on your website. You can also list the products on Amazon, eBay, and other online marketplaces. After you have listed the products start promoting them to gain more traffic to your online store.
Start selling the products: Once you have setup your online store you will start receiving the orders. When a customer places an order take the payment and confirm the order. Now, open your drop ship account and place the same order paying the discounted rates. Your supplier will then ship the product directly to the customer on your behalf. Your order will hence be fulfilled and you will earn the profit money.
We recommend drop ship program of herbal supplements as herbal products are the most trending in the market and high in public demand. If you are thinking to start online store without keeping stock of inventory then undoubtedly choose the natural supplements. Herbal products are the best sellers and will help you easily achieve your goals. You will need no advertising as herbal supplements need no recognition to attract traffic. They are popular because they don't have any side effects and are rich in nutrients.
Make DropshipHerbalSupplements.com as your drop ship partner to start online store without keeping stock of inventory. They are the reputed wholesale suppliers for herbal and natural supplements having thousands of satisfied clients. They keep you updated with the stock level by keeping a regular contact with their drop ship partners. They are quick and fast at delivering the products to the customers.
They offer you the high quality and premium products so you won't get any complaints regarding the standard of the products. These healthy and world class products make DropshipHerbalSupplements.com the best wholesale supplier amongst the other competitors in the market. So, if you wish to be a successful drop shipper and want your business to prosper, then select the wholesale supplier of herbal products as your drop ship partner. You will earn a good income in a very short period of time. Get ready to be an entrepreneur and welcome to the world of drop shipping!