Ope and Olamidun's love story is uber cute. This story is proof that mothers know best; Ope's best friend's mum hooked them up and today, they're counting down to #OOJ18 planned by top Nigerian events planner, TrendyBE Events.
The invincible hand of God brought us together. My (Ope) best friend's mum asked his wife to give me a lady's number, stating that she's sure this is the sort of woman I'd like: pretty, courteous, decent, friendly and loves flowers. I didn't call her as soon as I got her number.
On the 22nd of August, 2016, the Monday morning after I got her number, I was standing in what I call my 'magic spot'; she came to mind as I was getting ready for work. I took this as a prompting to initiate contact. Interestingly, she responded amiably and we spent most of the day chatting, as we discovered that we'd both worked in the same places and knew quite a number of people in common, including my older brother.
We met up the next day and spoke for hours on end….everything has always flowed so easily and effortlessly with us. What was most important to us was for us to become good friends. But within 2 – 3 months of meeting Olamidun, I knew this was the woman for me. Our friendship and love has waxed stronger and stronger as time as passed and we are both certain that God who has led us to one another will continue to keep us.
I went away to London on holiday and I was to be away for my birthday. I arrived London and in usual fashion, Ope and I were chatting and talking on the phone right from the moment I landed. Little did I know that this was to be a particularly special birthday as Ope had the surprise of my life waiting for me.
So weeks before getting to London, my cousin Timeyin said they were all taking me out to dinner for my birthday, that they didn't want me just sitting home all day as I do on most birthdays. She especially made the point that I should make an effort and not just wear jeans and a top as usual. Lol. Anyway, I thought nothing of all this, as my cousin's and siblings do have a go at me for not always making an effort.
Now fast forward to my birthday, spent most of the day between other calls gisting with Ope. At one point, he even appeared to be gisting with his colleagues. So you can imagine my incredible surprise when Ope walks into the restaurant that night. All I kept saying was 'Oh, my goodness'. It was took a while for the little plate with the question 'Will you marry me?' scribbled on it, to make sense to me. Then Ope asked if we could take our friendship even further and spend the rest of our lives together. I was overjoyed to agree! Thanks to Ope's co-conspirators, Timeyin-Bob, Nifesimi and Munira, it was a beautiful proposal.


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Consociation
Consociation is a well-established and potentially democratic, liberal and fair means of achieving self-determination for communities in deeply pluralist or deeply divided places. It is especially appropriate where the residential mixing of populations make outright sovereign independence for each community in their own nation-state - or territorial autonomy for each community in their own regional state - difficult to accomplish, let alone justify. But this is a controversial view because consociation has its critics as well as its exponents. The etymology of consociation derives from the Latin for "with" (cum) and "society" (societas). Consociatio in Latin was usually translated medieval usages as "union" or "connection." This etymological legacy survives in the notion of consociation as a "society of societies", or "union of societies". Consociation involves both self-rule for each partner to the consociation, and shared-rule, between the representatives of each partner. In combining autonomy and power-sharing consociation has conceptual affiliations with federation, but it is not a synonym for federation: consociations can exist in nonfederal states; and federations can be organized in non-consociational ways.
Consociation was first developed in political theory by the Protestant jurist and philosopher Johannes Althusius (1557–1638), who sought co-operation and co-existence among the cities of post-reformation Germany. In the twentieth century the Dutch political scientist Arend Lijphart revived the term to describe political systems in which parallel communities, differentiated by ethnicity, language, religion, or culture, share political power while retaining autonomy in matters of profound concern to them (Lijphart 1968; Lijphart 1977). Lijphart recognized his ideas had antecedents in the writings of the Austro-Marxists, Otto Bauer and Karl Renner, and the Nobel laureate Sir Arthur Lewis. The Austro-Marxists had argued for the recognition of each of the nationalities of the Austro-Hungarian empire, and the 'personal' principle – allowing each individual to retain their rights as a particular national wherever they resided (Bauer 1907; Bottomore and Goode 1978; Bauer 1996 (1906); Bauer 1996 (1924); Bauer 2000). In the 1960s the Nobel prize-winner Arthur Lewis had argued that the British and French democratic systems, based on empowering strong single party or single bloc governments, were proving disastrous in post-colonial Africa, and advocated multi-party coalition governments that might deliver a more inclusive and less antagonistic politics (Lewis 1965). Lijphart's argument is that consociation names a phenomenon that constantly recurs in politics, especially in democratic politics. Diplomats and politicians frequently "re-invent" consociational practices in the course of practical dispute-resolution or in negotiating constitutional or political settlements. He believed they had done so in the small European democracies of the Netherlands and Belgium, as well as in Switzerland and Austria. He also argued that examples could be found in post-colonial countries in the developing world, such as in the Netherlands Antilles. Today many political scientists observe and support or criticize consociational practices in Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Canada, Switzerland, Northern Ireland, Lebanon, and Macedonia. So what are consociational practices? Consociations have three necessary features: executive power sharing across and among representatives of specific communities; proportional representation and allocation in governmental posts and resources; and autonomy community self-government, especially in cultural domains, for example in schools with different languages or religions of instruction (O'Leary 2005). In short, cross-community executive power-sharing, proportionality, and autonomy. Fully fledged or what we may deem more rigid consociations empower representatives of named communities with joint and separate veto rights over constitutional or legal changes that might threaten their identities or interests. Consociations are promoted to prevent, manage, or resolve conflicts, especially between communities divided by nationality, ethnicity, race, religion, or language. They are especially promoted as alternatives to standard democratic majoritarianism, under which executive, legislative and judicial power may be abused by a permanent governing majority or bloc to abuse the human rights of minorities and to deny them meaningful autonomy. Consociationalists and their critics, however, differ radically over the merits of consociational practices, and also over how consociations are established, maintained, or break down (McGarry and O'Leary 2004). Let us give the critics their voice first, as that will help make clearer precisely what consociation does and does not entail.
Some critics condemn consociational ideas as futile, and claim that consociational institutions have no (or no long-run) impact on deeply rooted, identity-based conflicts. This criticism suggests consociational practices either will not work or that they will not address the underlying causes of conflict – at best leading to a temporary respite. Others attack consociations as perverse, claiming that they achieve the opposite of their ostensible purposes by institutionalizing the sources of conflict, by allegedly freezing the relevant collective identities, they are held to encourage a politics of gridlock. These critics suggest that consociationalists are primordial pessimists, who take people as they are, and not as they might be, or worse force people into categories which they do not themselves accept. These opponents of consociation invariably say they prefer "integration", the creation of a common citizenship and public sphere, and the non-recognition of cultural differences in the public domain. Critics of consociation also usually claim that consociation jeopardizes important liberal values. They suggest that it leads to the irreversible formation of ethnic, communal, or sectarian parties. They imply that because it will lead to the legalization of the use of quotas, affirmative action programs, and preferential policies, that the merit principle, and individual human rights will be sacrificed - creating new injustices and inefficiencies. Yet others claim that consociation is undemocratic because it allegedly excludes opposition and inhibits alternations in power, while others claim it is elitist, overly focused on bargains between elites who benefit from the maintenance of antagonistic mobilizations of groups (Brass 1991; Jung and Shapiro 1995). Another common argument, remarkably, is one that denies the existence of consociations – the claim is that no place fits the criteria, or, less radically, that no place examined by Lijphart fits the criteria. Proponents of consociation point out that their practices cannot simultaneously be perverse—that is, reinforce and re-entrench ethnic antagonisms—and jeopardize all key liberal, democratic, and international values, and, yet, all the while, be futile. The futility thesis is evidently the weakest criticism. It scarcely explains the passionate (and logical) criticisms of consociational theory and practice in the last three decades. Consociationalists understand themselves to be realists and counselors of necessary political triage. They believe that certain collective identities, especially those based on nationality, ethnicity, language, and religion, are generally fairly durable once formed(Esman 2000). That does not mean that all consociationalists think that these identities are primordial or immutable – though they may be believed to be such, and what is believed may matter most. Nor does it mean that consociationalists must regard all collective identities as intrinsically desirable. The consociationalist outlook is however realist: in the first place we must manage politics with people as they are, and not as we might like them to be. Consociationalists observe that durable collective group identities are often mobilized in a politics of antagonism, especially during the democratization of political systems – Protestant versus Catholic, black versus white, Sinhala speaker versus Tamil speaker. They also believe such antagonisms cannot necessarily be easily "transcended" through new over-arching identities, or diffused through the sheer number of potential conflicts which may weaken individuals identifications with particular groups. It is not always the case, in short, that either super-ordinate identities are available, that multiple complementary identities exist, or that mutually canceling identities exist in the right mixes. Consociationalists believe that politicians, parties, and communities will interpret their histories and futures through narratives, myths, and symbols, but they think these political agents may have realistic rather than merely prejudiced appraisals of past group antagonisms. There may well have been religious, racial or linguistic oppression in the past – it is not merely a constructed past that motivates fear. Consociationalists maintain that it is their critics—"social constructionists" and certain liberals and socialists—who are too optimistic about the capacities of political regimes to dissolve, transform, or transcend inherited collective identities. Some consociationalists question the cosmopolitan protestations of many anti-consociationalists, who may cloak a partisan endorsement of one community's identity and interests (into which others are to be encouraged to integrate or assimilate, in their own best interests). Consociationalists argue for consociation, where it is appropriate, on grounds of necessity, democracy and justice. The necessity argument rests, usually, on the alternative to power-sharing being prolonged war, in which no party can be certain of victory. Consociation provides good incentives for cooperation—a share in power, in proportion to group numbers, self-government in what matters for your group, and veto rights if your group mistrusts the potential power-holders. Consociationalists do not embrace cultural pluralism for its own sake. Sometimes, they say, the effective choice is between consociation and much worse alternatives: armed conflict, genocide and ethnic expulsion, imposed partition, or control by one group or coalition. The real choice in many deeply divided regions is therefore between consociational democracy and no (worthwhile) democracy—or breakup. The target of consociationalists is integrationism and majoritarian democracy, which only work well, consociationalists argue, as political recipes in societies that are already homogeneous, or in immigrant states where immigrants are expected to integrate. Consociationalists therefore are skeptical about the current celebration of civil society as the (or even a) vehicle of transformation, peace making, and peace building. They point out that in deeply pluralist or deeply divided places there is often more than one society, and their relations may be far from civil. Those who embrace a politics of deliberative democracy are reminded that deliberation takes place in languages, dialects, accents, and ethnically toned voices. Consociationalists respond to left-wing critics by observing that consociational ideas are present in the more thoughtful socialist traditions (Bauer 2000; Nimni 2004), and by observing how working-class and popular unity have been rendered hopeless by national, ethnic, religious, and communal divisions. They maintain that within consociational arrangements trust may develop that may enable wider working-class or popular unity behind the welfare state or other forms of distributive politics. Consociationalists therefore insist that they are indeed friends of democracy, but critics of its palpably inappropriate versions in deeply divided places. They want majorities rather than the majority – usually the plurality - to control government. If a majority in each major collective community in a divided places has clear stakes in the executive and other political institutions this is far more democratic arguably than having one group (Protestants, Whites, Sinhalese) governing the state. Elite bargaining and adjustment, which are imperatives with consociational arrangements, need to be organized to achieve widespread consensus—to prevent the possibility that democracy will degenerate into a war of communities. Consociationalists, in short, endorse a politics of accommodation, of leaving each group to its own affairs where that is possible and widely sought—"good fences make good neighbors" ( Noel 1993; Esman 2000) –– but also a politics of mutual adjustment through shared rule where sharing is necessary. Consociations, they maintain, protect the basic natural rights of individuals and communities—especially their right to exist. Consociationalists argue positively for consociation, not just by pointing to the horrors of the alternatives. Consociation provides autonomy for communities, and enables sensible shared inter-community cooperation. It offers a more inclusive model of democracy—more than a plurality or a majority influence or control of the executive. More than a majority get effective "voice." Consociation does not eliminate democratic opposition, but enables such divisions and oppositions as exist to flourish in conditions of generalized security. Nothing need preclude democratic competition within communities, and the turnover of political elites, and shifts of support between parties. In a liberal consociation nothing blocks the voluntary dissolution of historic identities – if that is what voters want. Consociations that work may, they observe, eventually heal antagonisms and permit the voluntary dissolution of previous collective identities.
Consociations may operate within entire states (e.g. the Lebanon) or federations (e.g. Belgium), or they may be confined to particular regions (e.g. Northern Ireland within the United Kingdom). Their exponents prefer them to operate within fully democratic systems, but recognize that consociational practices may occur within authoritarian governments – e.g. the recognition of nationalities within communist party dictatorships, or the recognition of religious self-government within the Ottoman empire. Consociations may also be distinguished by the degree to which they are liberal or corporate (O'Leary 2005). In liberal consociations voters and groups are free to identify themselves, wholly free to form their own parties either around ethnic platforms or ideological programs or both, and voluntarily engage in power-sharing, proportionality and autonomy practices. In corporate consociations names groups are parties to the bargain, individuals presumptively belong to particular groups, and there may be incentives that operate against non-ethnic parties, and a certain degree of enforcement of power-sharing, proportionality and autonomy practices (Lijphart 1995). Addressing Common Misconceptions It is a fallacy to suppose that consociation mandates that governments be wholly encompassing, grand coalitions of all communities (O'Leary 2005). One should distinguish among complete, concurrent, and "pluralitarian" consociational executives. In a complete consociation, all parties and all groups are included in the executive and enjoy popular support within their blocs. This is the very rare case of the grand coalition, which may indeed preclude effective opposition, and may be made necessary by wartime conditions or post-conflict state-building. In concurrent executives, by contrast, the major parties, which enjoy majority support within their blocs, are included within the executive, but opposition groups exist in parliament and elsewhere. In "pluralitarian" executives, the major communities may be represented by their strongest parties in the executive, but one or more of these parties may enjoy just plurality support within its respective bloc. What matters, therefore, is not the wholesale inclusion of absolutely every one in a consociation, but meaningful cross-community or joint decision making within the executive. This clarification resolves a recurrent misunderstanding that all consociational practices preclude opposition. Consociational arrangements may facilitate greater justice, and it is here where the idea fits most closely with the concept of self-determination. Groups govern themselves in agreed domains of autonomy. Distributions that follow proportional allocations may be very fair: to each according to their numbers. There is a correlation between numbers and potential power that makes such distributive justice likely to be stable and legitimate. Consociationalists need not endorse the view that justice is "each according to their threat-advantage," but in some cases proportional allocations of public posts and resources are regarded as fair distributions, and will be robust as a result. Consociationalists observe that consociations occur without their urgings: people do not need to be versed in consociational theory to bring about consociational settlements. They are reinvented by politicians as "natural" creative political responses to a politics of antagonism. Politicians, Lijphart observes, invented consociational institutions in the Netherlands in 1917, in Lebanon in 1943, in Malaysia in 1958, and in Northern Ireland in 1972 (Lijphart 1990) and again in 1998 (McGarry and O'Leary 2004, 2007). They were reinvented by American diplomats to end the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina at Dayton in 1995; by Lebanese politicians with external promptings in 1989; and by European Union diplomats in promoting the Ohrid agreement between Macedonian Slavs and Macedonian Albanians. The United Nations and the European Union have been trying to mediate a consociational and federal settlement in Cyprus. Within academic political theory, many contemporary multiculturalists advance consociational agendas, including inclusivity (cross-community power sharing), quotas (proportionality), and group rights (autonomy and veto) (Kymlicka and Norman 2000). The rival evaluations of consociation are unlikely to be resolved any time soon. They probably are not amenable to decisive falsification or verification. Anti-consociationalists fear (or claim to fear) that consociation will bring back racism, fundamentalism, and patriarchy. Consociationalists fear (or claim to fear) that integrationists will provoke avoidable wars and are biased toward dominant communities (McGarry and O'Leary 2004). The intensity with which this debate rages attests to the influence of consociational thought. Exponents of consociation, when their case is put carefully, successfully rebut the wilder charges made against their positions. Consociations are difficult to love and celebrate—even if their makers often merit intellectual, moral, and political admiration. They are usually the product of cold bargains, even if they may be tempered by political imagination, e.g. the recent innovation in Northern Ireland's executive that uses a proportionality rule both to share out the number of ministries to which each party is entitled and the sequence in which they select their ministerial portfolios (O'Leary, Grofman et al. 2005). As for the explanation of consociations, although significant preliminary work has been done, a comprehensive comparative historical analysis of consociational settlements and their outcomes remains to be completed. One intriguing line of enquiry suggests that consociation and other collegial institutions are largely explained by international forces, which encourage people to hang together rather than face the prospect of hanging separately (Collins 1999). Another geopolitical line of inquiry suggests that consociations are imposed by great or regional powers who would refuse such arrangements in their own states (Kerr 2006). The debate over which internal factors, if any, best predict the formation – and maintenance – of consociations is not over (Lijphart 2008). Further discussions of current controversies over consociational theory may be found in Taylor (2009), McCrudden and O'Leary (2013), and McEvoy and O'Leary (2013).
Bauer, O. (1907). Die Nationalitätenfrage und die Sozialdemokratie. Vienna, Wiener Volksbuchhandlung.
Bauer, O. (1996 (1906)). The Nation. Nationalism in Europe, 1815 to the Present. Woolf, S. London, Routledge: 61-84.
Bauer, O. (1996 (1924)). The Nation. Mapping the Nation. Balakrishnan, G. London, Verso: 39-77.
Bauer, O. (2000). The Question of Nationalities and Social Democracy, edited by Ephraim Nimni, trans. Joseph O'Donnell. Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press.
Bottomore, T. and Goode, P., Eds. (1978). Austro-Marxism. Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Brass, P. R. (1991). Ethnic Conflict in Multiethnic Societies: The Consociational Solution and Its Critics. Ethnicity and Nationalism: Theory and Comparison. New Delhi, Sage: 333-348.
Collins, R. (1999). Democratization From the Outside In: A Geopolitical Theory of Collegial Power. Macro History: Essays in Sociology of the Long Run. Stanford, CA, Stanford University Press: 110-151.
Esman, M. (2000). Power Sharing and the Constructionist Fallacy. Democracy and Institutions: The Life Work of Arend Lijphart. Crepaz, M. M. L., Koelbe, T. A. and Wilsford, D. Ann Arbor, The University of Michigan Press: 91-113.
Jung, C. and Shapiro, I. (1995). "South Africa's Negotiated Transition: Democracy, Opposition, and the New Constitutional Order." Politics & Society 23(3): 269-308.
Kerr, M. (2006). Imposing Power-Sharing: Conflict and Coexistence in Northern Ireland and Lebanon, with a Foreword by Brendan O'Leary. Dublin, Irish Academic Press.
Kymlicka, W. and Norman, W., Eds. (2000). Citizenship in Diverse Societies. Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Lewis, W. A. (1965). Politics in West Africa. Toronto & New York, Oxford University Press.
Lijphart, A. (1968). The Politics of Accommodation: Pluralism and Democracy in the Netherlands. Berkeley, University of California Press.
Lijphart, A. (1977). Democracy in Plural Societies: A Comparative Exploration. New Haven, Yale University Press.
Lijphart, A. (1990). Foreword: One Basic Problem, Many Theoretical Options - And a Practical Solution? The Future of Northern Ireland. McGarry, J. and O'Leary, B. Oxford, Clarendon Press: vi-viii.
Lijphart, A. (1995). Self-Determination versus Pre-Determination of Ethnic Minorities in Power-Sharing Systems. The Rights of Minority Cultures. Kymlicka, W. Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Lijphart, A. (2008). Thinking About Democracy: Power Sharing and Majority Rule in Theory and Practice. New York, Routledge.
McCrudden, C. and O'Leary, B. (2013). Courts and Consociations: Human Rights Versus Power-Sharing. Oxford, Oxford University Press.
McEvoy, J. and O'Leary, B. Eds., (2013). Power Sharing in Deeply Divided Places. Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press.
McGarry, J. and O'Leary, B. (2004). Introduction: Consociational Theory and Northern Ireland. Essays on the Northern Ireland Conflict: Consociational Engagements. Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Nimni, E. (2004). National-Cultural Autonomy and its Contemporary Critics London, Routledge.
Noel, S. J. R. (1993). Canadian Responses to Ethnic Conflict: Consociationalism, Federalism and Control. The Politics of Ethnic Conflict-Regulation: Case Studies of Protracted Ethnic Conflicts. McGarry, J. and O'Leary, B. London, Routledge: 41-61.
O'Leary, B. (2005). Debating Consociation: Normative and Explanatory Arguments. From Power-Sharing to Democracy: Post-Conflict Institutions in Ethnically Divided Societies. Noel, S. J. R. Toronto, McGill-Queens University Press: 3-43.
O'Leary, B., Grofman, B., et al. (2005). "Divisor Methods for Sequential Portfolio Allocation in Multi-Party Executive Bodies: Evidence from Northern Ireland and Denmark." American Journal of Political Science 49 (1 (January)): 198–211.
Taylor, R. Ed., (2009). Consociational Theory: McGarry and O'Leary and the Northern Ireland Conflict. London, Routledge.
Brendan O'Leary

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
A Chain of Voices is a 1982 novel by Afrikaans writer André Brink. The novel is a historical novel which recounts the roots of the apartheid system during the early part of the 19th century. The novel focuses on a slave revolt center in the country north-east of Cape Town. The novel uses a coalition of voices, representing the whole range of social groups in South Africa.

Reception
The New York Times reviewer Julian Moynahan called the novel the best novel he had read since Robert Stone's A Flag for Sunrise and described it as "massive and ambitious, and surpassing Brink's previous apartheid novel A Dry White Season.

References

Further reading

1982 novels
Fiction set in the 1830s
Afrikaans literature
20th-century South African novels
Historical novels
Novels set in South Africa
Novels by André Brink
Faber and Faber books

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


MARNE, Mich.-- As part of Faith Night, the public is invited to see 40 pastor and ministry leaders from West Michigan congregations, strapped into modified 4-cylinder race cars.
They will be competing at the Berlin Raceway track on Thursday, June 5 at 6:30 p.m. Berlin will provide the cars, helmets, race suits and anything needed to race.
Find out which pastor/minister comes out ahead while enjoying worship music, speakers and even the chance for churches to win great gifts.
Tickets are $12. Every ticket purchased is submitted into the raffle for three prizes, like a trip to Israel for two in November, a $1000 gift card to Family Christian Stores or a 12 passenger van.
The Berlin Raceway is located at 2060 Berlin Fair Drive, Marne, Mi 49435. For more information, call (616) 677-5000 or visit www.berlinraceway.com.
MARNE, Mich.-- If you loved the 80's, this race at Berlin Raceway is for you!
From 4 p.m. to 6 p.m. and after the race, 80's DJ Keller will be cranking out the tunes. The next race includes the ARCA/CRA Super Series Powered by JEGS Late Models, The Enterprise Iron & Metal Sportsman, along with The Model Coverall Modified and the Kalamazoo Vapor 4-Cyl Divisions.
The gates will open at 1:30 p.m. Saturday, May 31 for the race. Teams and spectators are invited at 3:30 p.m. Pre-Race activities start at 6 p.m. and the first race takes off at 6:30 p.m.
Tickets are $15. Get your tickets today at www.berlinraceway.com.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Tuzla International Airport passenger and baggage check-in counters are located in the passenger terminal building. Check-ins open 135 minutes and close 40 minutes before scheduled time of departure.
Passengers who choose to book a ticket online free of charge are required to print the boarding pass and present it along with valid travel documents (a passport or an ID) at check-in desks at the airport.
Each piece of online checked-in baggage must be handed at check-in desks at least 40 minutes prior to scheduled time of departure. If a passenger using WizzAir online customer service fails to present a printed out boarding pass, it can be provided at the airport with a mandatory airport check-in fee.
Online check-in is available from 30 days up to 3 hours before scheduled time of departure.
All passengers who require special attention and/or service must be present at check-in desks 2 hours before scheduled time of departure so all necessary procedures regarding airport passenger services are provided on time.
All children passengers being 2 to 14 years old (including both ages) are treated as adult passengers and are entitled to their own seat and must pay the ticket price in the amount as adult passengers do. WizzAir regulations state that no more than 10 children can travel together under condition that at least one adult, being at least 16 years old, accompanies them during the flight to the destination airport.
Children under 14 years of age can travel only if accompanied by a person at least 16 years of age who will take full responsibility.
Passengers aging between 14 and 15 can travel as unaccompanied minors but cannot accompany another non adult passenger under 14 years of age.
Booking for adults should be made within the same reservation as the child. If the seat provided for a child is booked separately from an adult passenger accompanying it, the two reservations must be made under the same name and address of the user.
Babies under 2 years of age can travel in the lap of an adult who accompanies them under condition that an infant passenger fee is paid. One person may accompany more than one baby. The fee for a baby can be paid via the Internet during the booking process or through the call center. Only infant passenger fees as charged, as taxes and fees for booking are excluded. General regulations: The adult traveling with a baby is entitled to take a small or a large cabin bag on board the plane including a personal item for a baby not exceeding the dimensions of 40 × 30 × 18 cm. Babies must be under the age of 2 years during an outgoing and the return flight. If the baby turns two years after the departure and before the return flight, must buy a ticket for an extra seat. Children older than 2 years of age will not be allowed to travel in the lap of an adult who accompanies them.
Car seat: car seat for the baby that is placed opposite to the direction of travel and which has an inner belt can be brought in the aircraft only if the ticket for an additional seat on that flight is purchased. Car seats must have a latch that will allow secure attachment with a passenger belt. If the car seat is brought onto the plane, additional seating is paid at normal rates during the booking or via the call center under condition the reservation is completed and confirmed by WizzAir.
When using bookings via the Internet, passengers are required to enter information under the name and surname of passengers. The passenger's name should be entered "INFANT", and in the box reserved for the name should be entered with a passenger's surname. If a booking is made via the Internet, passengers are kindly requested to contact the call center by phone to confirm infant's full name and that the baby will travel in the car seat.
If the additional seat is reserved, additional allowed baggage weight and fees entitled to babies do not apply.
Car seats cannot be brought onto the plane as carry-on luggage without a ticket purchased for an additional seat. Fees for infants: If the price of one-way tickets for an adult who accompanies the baby is less than 27 EUR, the same amount will be applied to the fee for the baby. If the price of one-way tickets for an adult who accompanies the baby is higher than 27 EUR, fee for the baby will remain 27 EUR.
One piece of cabin baggage.
Up to 6 pieces of checked baggage none of which exceed 32 kilograms.
Duty free shopping products at the airport after security checks.
Important: All baggage is mandatory for security checks!
Note: The fees at the airport are much higher than if bookings are made online.
Can bring only one piece of cabin baggage onboard.
If your cabin baggage size is 42x32x25cm or smaller, it can be brought on the plane for free. It must fit under the seat.
If cabin baggage exceeds the size of a small cabin bag, but does not exceed 56x45x25 cm in size, you can bring it on the plane under condition surcharge fees are paid. It must be placed in the upper cabin compartment section.
Are entitled to take one additional personal object along with a small or large carry-on bag.
Additional personal item can be a purse, laptop bag or a camera case whose dimensions do not exceed 40x30x18 cm in size.
If a passenger with priority boarding carries two pieces of hand luggage that exceed the maximum dimensions of additional personal items, it is obligatory to check-in one of the bags with the appropriate baggage fee.
If a passenger has already paid a large cabin bag, but needs more space, they can – by paying the price difference – upgrade a big carry-on bag to checked baggage. In the event that passengers are unsure of the size of luggage you need to travel with, they can buy a large cabin bag when booking a flight and can always opt to upgrade to checked baggage up to three hours before scheduled time of departure. This option is available at an additional service at wizzair.com or via the call center.
Passengers who buy a large carry-on bag may bring onto the plane a musical instrument whose length does not exceed 80 cm. Other dimensions of cases may not exceed 45 x 25 cm. Examples of such instruments are violins, violas, flutes, clarinets, trumpets, ukuleles. To check the size, holster musical instrument have to be put in a calibration tool for large cabin bags: width and depth must match, and the height must be less than approximately 1.5 times at the permitted level. The passengers should have no other hand luggage except for a small musical instrument. After boarding, musical instrument must be placed in the upper cabin compartment section. Musical instruments that do not comply with the abovementioned dimensions must be designated as checked baggage after paying the relevant fee or can be brought on an airplane after obtaining the approval of WizzAir through the call center for an additional seat.
a pair of crutches for people with physical disabilities.
If the size of cabin baggage exceeds the limits specified, the baggage will be transported as checked baggage. Appropriate baggage fee will be charged.
in order to gain security clearance, all the liquid which does not meet the abovementioned requirements shall be removed.
Due to security measures, WizzAir does not transport baggage if its owner is not on the plane (except for lost luggage).
Due to health and general safety regulations, the weight of a single piece of checked baggage must not exceed 32 kilograms.
Passengers are entitled to carry up to 6 pieces of checked baggage on flights operated by WizzAir provisioned that weight of each piece does not exceed 23 kg. and that the sum of the three dimensions of each piece of luggage (length, width, height) does not exceed 158 cm.
The passengers are obligated to respond to all the demands of security officers, if necessary. If baggage is not transported because a passenger has not met the security requirements, WizzAir will not be responsible for any additional costs that may arise.
Checked baggage, whenever possible, is transported in the same plane as the passenger to whom it belongs. If, for safety, security or operational reasons the baggage must be transported via an alternative flight, airport staff will not be responsible for delay in baggage delivery. In order to return the lost baggage to its owner within a reasonable time of delivery, it must be marked with the name of passengers, initials and address before handing it for transport. Free of charge baggage for infants is not allowed except for a pushchair / foldable child carriers / car seats for children that can be brought free of charge. Baby carriages and wheelchairs are checked with other baggage and are transferred free of charge only if the user of the equipment is traveling.
Some airports may have further restrictions on items allowed to be carried in hand and / or as checked baggage. In such cases, the airport regulations are implemented.


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Home News Industry News Bob Ley Retiring After 40 Years With ESPN
Bob Ley Retiring After 40 Years With ESPN
clockwatcher
6/26/2019 by Alex Weprin, The Hollywood Reporter
Bob Ley
Jeremy Schaap and Ryan Smith will take over anchoring duties on 'Outside the Lines.'
Bob Ley, one of ESPN's original on-air hosts and the longest-tenured anchor in the channel's history, is retiring after 40 years with the company.
Ley has been off the air since September, when he announced he would be taking a six month sabbatical. On Wednesday, he released a statement saying that he would retire from the company at the end of this month.
"To be clear, this is entirely my decision. I enjoy the best of health, and the many blessings of friends and family, and it is in that context that I'm making this change," he said. "In September, I signed off my last show saying, 'I'll catch you on the flip side.' Now it's time to take that vinyl off the turntable (ask your folks), flip it over, and drop the needle on the B-side. There are always great cuts, and hidden gems on the B-side."
Ley hosted ESPN's signature investigative reporting show Outside the Lines since it first launched in 1990. ESPN says that going forward, Jeremy Schaap and Ryan Smith will handle the bulk of the anchoring duties on the program.
Read more HERE at HollywoodReporter.com
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'Laverne & Shirley' actress Cindy Williams dies at 75, AP reports


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DVC's Doug Spindler Wins Coveted Microsoft MVP Award
Douglas Spindler
Douglas Spindler, a computer network technology instructor at Diablo Valley College, has been awarded the distinction of being chosen as a Microsoft Most Valuable Professional (MVP) for Jan. 1, 2011 to Jan. 1, 2012, by the Microsoft Corporation.
The Microsoft MVP is an annual award that recognizes exceptional community leaders in technology worldwide who actively share their high-quality, real-world expertise with users and Microsoft.
According to the Microsoft Corporation, "Microsoft MVPs represent a highly select group of experts, with fewer than 5,000 awardees worldwide. They share a deep commitment to community, a passion for technology, and a willingness to help others. MVPs are present in over 90 countries, spanning more than 30 languages, and over 90 Microsoft technologies. By sharing their knowledge and experiences, and providing objective feedback, they help people solve problems and discover new capabilities every day. MVPs are technology's best and brightest, and we are honored to welcome Douglas as one of them."
Spindler said he was nominated by his peers to receive the MVP award. "Microsoft keeps the selection process for this award very confidential, even from internal Microsoft employees," Spindler said. "It is a prestigious and selective award, so it is quite an honor to have received it."
Spindler added that he was very surprised to learn that he had received the MVP award. "The award is given to those demonstrating leadership and their willingness and ability to help others make the most of Microsoft technology," he said. "This award means that Microsoft and my peers recognize me as an industry expert. I was honored to be chosen from the hundreds of millions of people who use Microsoft products," he said. "I hope to use my expertise to help my students achieve success in their careers so that they, too, will someday be recognized as industry experts."
One of the benefits of receiving the award, Spindler said, is that he will be able to attend the MVP Worldwide Award Summit at Microsoft's campus in Redmond, WA, in February.
"The Award Summit will allow me to learn about the latest technologies from Microsoft, which I can then share with my students this term," he said. " I will also have the opportunity to meet other college IT instructors.
"DVC has a reputation for having the best IT program in the Bay Area," Spindler concluded, "and I am proud to be teaching here."


Baptism is the Christian sacrament of Initiation into the life of Christ, both in the sense of identification with the person of Christ (in the more ancient mode of baptism, immersion, going under the water and rising again from it symbolically links the baptized person with the burial and Resurrection of Jesus) and also in the sense of participation in Christ's sacramental body, the Church. Receiving baptism is the precondition for receiving any of the other sacraments.
In the Catholic tradition, infants and small children are baptized on the condition that their parents and godparents commit to raise them into Christian faith; since Baptism makes one a Christian, it is a matter of importance that anyone baptized by consciously initiated into the teachings and practice of Christian life.
If you are an adult who would like to be baptized, please refer to the page on the Rite of Christian Initiation. If you are a Christian who has been baptized outside of the Catholic Church, and are seeking full communion with the Roman Catholic Church, the Catholic Church will probably recognize your baptism as valid; however, before you are free to participate in receiving Catholic sacraments, you will first have to be accepted into the Catholic Church by the Sacrament of Confirmation and/or a statement of faith. Again, please refer to the page on the RCIA.


One of the central tenets of the Trump campaign is that the US economy has been artificially inflated due to the Federal Reserve flooding the market with cheap money and that when the central bank eventually reverses its backdoor stimulus policy the reality of the country's economic woes will come crashing all at once. It appears that is a view shared by Hillary's top financial expert Barney Frank.
Frank advised the Federal Reserve Board "not to risk destabilizing the market" and perhaps the broader economy a few weeks before Election Day. "I think it would be a mistake to do this close to the election," Frank told The Hill. "It will be interpreted, over interpreted."
The problem with historically low interest rates that have yet to creep upwards eight years into the crisis is that it removes the market's risk control mechanism leading to the inflation of asset bubbles as businesses are always able to cover gaps in their balance sheet with loads of cheap credit.
It has long been expected that the Federal Reserve would soon move to raise interest rates in order to prevent the development or worsening of such economic bubbles, but many market insiders believed that this would likely not occur until after the election season – the last time such an action was undertaken was under Alan Greenspan in 2000 which led to a softening of the US economy perhaps stripping support from Al Gore. The US economy ultimately entered a recession by March 2001.
Whereas the interest rate was raised form 4.6% to 6.3% in 2000, the interest rate remains near zero today where it has remained since Jan 2009 – a level that has never before been seen in the United States prior creating concern among many economists that the Obama recovery may have just be a cheap money barrage that will end when the country turns off the (metaphorical) printing press.
A candidate from the incumbent political party has only won an election once when the economy had entered the first leg of a recession – that candidate was war hero Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1956.
The Hill surmises that a rate hike may indeed be a death knell for Hillary's candidacy saying "It is generally thought that a rate hike before the election could be risky for Clinton, who is seeking a third term for Democrats in the White House. A rate hike could make it more expensive to borrow money and could slow the economy and cause stocks to fall."


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Accessible Unlicensed Requires Authentication Published by De Gruyter Mouton April 26, 2014
CogSem Notes IV
— From Structural Semantics to Cognitive Semiotics
Per Aage Brandt
From the journal Chinese Semiotic Studies
https://doi.org/10.1515/css-2012-0044
Published Online: 2014-4-26
Published in Print: 2012-12-1
Article CogSem Notes IV
Per Aage Brandt 2012
Brandt, Per Aage. "CogSem Notes IV: — From Structural Semantics to Cognitive Semiotics" Chinese Semiotic Studies, vol. 8, no. 1, 2012, pp. 257-268. https://doi.org/10.1515/css-2012-0044
Brandt, P. (2012). CogSem Notes IV: — From Structural Semantics to Cognitive Semiotics. Chinese Semiotic Studies, 8(1), 257-268. https://doi.org/10.1515/css-2012-0044
Brandt, P. (2012) CogSem Notes IV: — From Structural Semantics to Cognitive Semiotics. Chinese Semiotic Studies, Vol. 8 (Issue 1), pp. 257-268. https://doi.org/10.1515/css-2012-0044
Brandt, Per Aage. "CogSem Notes IV: — From Structural Semantics to Cognitive Semiotics" Chinese Semiotic Studies 8, no. 1 (2012): 257-268. https://doi.org/10.1515/css-2012-0044
Brandt P. CogSem Notes IV: — From Structural Semantics to Cognitive Semiotics. Chinese Semiotic Studies. 2012;8(1): 257-268. https://doi.org/10.1515/css-2012-0044
Chinese Semiotic Studies
Global Semiotics: Bridging Different Civilizations —The 11th World Congress of IASS, Nanjing Normal University
A Portrait of Professor Yiheng Zhao
The Paradox of Translation
Semiotics and Its Double-institutional Aspects: As Analyzing Methods and as Institutionalized Objects
A Semiotic Perspective on the Language of Science
The Theories of Value and Opposition Applied to Mathematics
Zoomorphism: An Analytic Model for Drama Characters
The Back of Mnemosyne A Cultural-semiotic Analysis of the Forgetting Mechanism of Culture
"Le Soleil". Representation or Re-presentation?


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Review: Every Day
"If there's one thing I've learned, it's this: We all want everything to be okay. We don't even wish so much for fantastic or marvelous or outstanding. We will happily settle for okay, because most of the time, okay is enough," David Levithan
Genre: Young Adult
Published by Random House, 2012
Rating: 2.5 out of 5 stars
Re-readability: I don't think I'll return to this one.
I read Every Day just as the third instalment was published a few weeks ago. I'd been faintly interested in it when it first came out about six years ago, but something always stopped me from digging into it.
For those who don't know the premise, it's about a boy who names himself A. He switches bodies with people every night. At the start of the book, he tells us that he always tries to live and act as much like the person whose body he's inhabiting would. Except, a few pages after that, he meets a girl (who is the girlfriend of the guy whose body he's taken over for the day) and falls for her. He acts like himself rather than her boyfriend so he immediately breaks his supposed streak.
He spends much of the rest of the book trying to find and stay with her in all these different bodies. One person whose body he takes over for a day, starts to figure it out a day or two later and makes a big hubbub about it on the news. People who think they've experienced the same thing form a group and believe that A is a demon.
I didn't mind the switching of lives and the exhausting number of characters, honestly. It was interesting in some ways and Levithan is great writer in the sense that in one line he can describe someone's countenance and you immediately picture that person.
However, the fact that there was no real arc to the story drove me nuts. A doesn't even try to figure out why this happens to him until about 75% of the way through when he thinks he's met someone who does something similar. A is focused on getting together with the girl he's in love with, which makes sense, but is doomed from the start and it got old after a few chapters.
I really wanted the author to leave us with something that at least led us to suspect one reason for the whole body-switching thing. But he didn't. It felt like a plot device rather than a central part of a developing story.
To those who have read it, did you feel similarly?
Reviewed by Indiana, Reviews
Books, David Levithan, Young Adult
Review: Beloved
One thought on "Review: Every Day"
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Q: average case complexity of ternary search I need to solve for the average case complexity of ternary search.  In the worst case you would do two comparisons so I assume worst case complexity looks like this:
C(n) = C(n/3) + 2

which can then be shown to be O(logn), however what would the average case look like?  I'm thinking possibly this:
C(n) = C(n/3) + 1.5

since on average you might do 1 or 2 comparisons so (1+2)/3 = 1.5

A: If we are both talking about searching an element is a sorted array, I think in average you will have to do 5/3 comparisons.
Let's say you first check whether your element to be found x is higher or lower than the element placed in A(n/3) where A is your sorted array and n its length.
Statistically, since 1/3 of the elements are lower than A(n/3), and 2/3 are higher, x has a 1/3 chance to be lower and a 2/3 chance to be higher.
If x is lower, you don't need to the the second comparison, so you only need 1.
Is x is higher, you will need to compare it with A(2n/3), so you will need 2.
So in average, you will need (1/3)*1+(2/3)*2 = 5/3.
But that doesn't change anything for the global complexity, which will always be O(log n). The only difference will be the constant factor.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Daniel DelPurgatorio
Director, "Third Wheel"
Daniel most recently directed the award-winning short films Third Wheel (2018), Body(s) (2015), OTHER (2012), and in 2009, Watchmen: Tales of the Black Freighter for Warner Bros. The 30-minute film starring Gerard Butler and Jared Harris was a tie-in to Zack Snyder's Watchmen adaptation, produced by Synder and written by Alex Tse. Daniel's films have screened in competition at such festivals as SXSW, Fantasia, Screamfest, and Telluride, among others. Currently, Daniel is in pre-production on his first feature film WITHER, being produced by Clive Barker, Shudder and Adaptive Studios.
Behind the Closet Door
Adam O'Brien
Paul Hart-Wilden
Films in This Block: Banshee (Directed By Adam O'Brien) – While she was under the supervision of her big sister, Olivia got lost into the woods over night and got back with something different. She didn't come back alone. For Old Times Sake (Directed By Paul Hart-Wilden) – Following the death of her parents, a Girl returns home to confront […]
Screenings 2018


The Folk Choir: New Winter Term starts this week!
New Winter Term starts this week!
The Folk Choir starts up for another term this Thursday at 7.15pm. Come along and sing some delicious songs with some delightful people. Harmonies, choruses, friends and hot drinks. Winter fun!
This term goes from July 17 - September 18. It's a 10-week term, and the full term price is $120. If you can't make it every week and would like to attend casually, you're very welcome, and it's $15 a week.


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Bangladesh Women's A whitewashed by India Women's A
08 October, 2019, 06:45 pm
Last modified: 08 October, 2019, 06:53 pm
'Coming back to cricket is the happiest thing', female cricketers delighted as cricket resumes
Women's team's camp to start from 03 January
Mark Robinson set to coach the women's cricket team
Jahanara, Nahida happy to be back on the field
BCB appoints psychologist for U-19 and women's team
The 2nd string Indian Women's team made a flying start in the series beating Bangladesh A team by eight wickets in the first match.
Bangladesh Women's A team were whitewashed in the three-match one–day series against touring India Women's A team 0-3 losing the third and final match by seven wickets at Zahur Ahmed Chowdhury Stadium in Chattogram on Tuesday.
The 2nd string Indian Women's team made a flying start in the series beating Bangladesh A team by eight wickets in the first match on Friday last and clinched the three-match series beating their Bangladesh counterparts by 68 runs in the 2nd match on Sunday.
In the day's 3rd match, Bangladesh opted to bat first after winning the toss but failed to make a challenging total as they were all out for 128 in 44.4 overs.
Sanjida Islam made team highest 44 runs off 87 balls featuring three fours. Mursida Khatun (33), Fargana Haque Pinky (16) and Fahima Khatun (10) were the other notable batters for Bangladesh reaching double digit runs.
India Women's A Team Tour of Bangladesh
Bangladesh Women's A lost by 7 wickets#BCB #BANWAvINDWA pic.twitter.com/i1ETZ4vOMw— Bangladesh Cricket (@BCBtigers) October 8, 2019
For India, Tanushree Sarkar, Rashi Kanojia bagged three wickets each while Devika Vadiya scalped two wickets.
In reply, India chased down the target scoring 132 runs for the loss of three wickets in 39.2 overs to win the game by a big margin of seven wickets.
Bangladesh consistently showed a poor performance in the series in both with ball and bat. They failed to create any chance against the touring side. In contrast, India looked imperious throughout the series.
Both teams will now face each other in a three-match T20 series in Cox's Bazar. The matches will be held on October 11, 12 and 14 at Sheikh Kamal International Stadium in the beach town.
Bangladesh Women's Cricket Team
Siraj, Sundar reportedly abused by Gabba crowd
'It has been happening since 1932': Gavaskar highlights problem of India bowlers
Ashwin was crawling on the floor, couldn't get up or bend down: Ashwin's wife
Windies stand-in captain Jason Mohammad targets ODI series win despite depleted squad
New Zealand's Sophie Devine slams fastest century in women's T20 cricket


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How small businesses can defend against cyberattacks
Hackers are increasingly targeting the little guys. Here's how entrepreneurs can protect themselves.
Hero Images Inc. / Alamy Stock Photo
byLaura Oliver
Could you afford to lose $117,000? According to one estimate, that's how much a digital data breach can cost a small business. Add to that startling number the fact that it takes an average of three days to stop a cyberattack, and the potential financial and operational damage becomes worryingly real.
"All of a sudden you're bouncing checks because you thought you had a couple thousand dollars in your account," Green Bay Police Department Capt. Jeremy Muraski explained while discussing the fallout for a local business that found itself in a hacker's crosshairs. "All your bills go out, get paid, but there's no money to support it, so then you have a bunch of creditors after you. So it leaves kind of a trail of destruction in its wake, for sure."
Cyberattacks on small businesses are on the rise: In 2017, a shocking 61 percent of U.S. small businesses surveyed said they'd been a target of a cyberattack, compared with 55 percent in 2016. The most common security problem? Phishing and other forms of social engineering, usually involving a criminal posing as a legitimate organization who tries to obtain sensitive information, such as a password, through an email, text, or phone call. For the businesses surveyed, the costs of repairing the damage from a successful attack was high: more than $1 million.
Of course, big companies are at risk, too. But cybersecurity "represents an especially pernicious threat to smaller businesses," a report from the Securities and Exchange Commission states. "The reason is simple: Small and mid-size businesses are not just targets of cybercrime; they are its principal target."
Bigger businesses have their cyber acts together, with security policies and protocols in place, so cybercriminals are turning their attention to smaller, more vulnerable, enterprises. On top of this, smaller operations are less likely to be able to afford full-time cybersecurity staffers. This makes it harder to both diagnose potential weaknesses and find the cause of an attack when there is one.
Without the luxury of a board or teams of lawyers and consultants, startups need to know how to protect corporate information, intellectual property, and confidential data. But it seems small businesses aren't yet taking this issue seriously enough. A loss of $117,000 may not be a big problem if a company has the right insurance in place, but just 21 percent of small businesses say they have insurance, and more than half of those without it said they had no intention of getting any. When asked the same question, just 9 percent of large businesses were as care-free.
To get cyber-smart, small businesses need to focus on the threats that are specific to their size and specialty.
"It seems like this big thing — 'I'm supposed to be doing everything,'" says Michael Kaisser of the National Cyber Security Alliance. "The fact is, you don't have to do everything. You have to do what's important for your business and you have to make cybersecurity relevant for your situation."
Small businesses should start with the basics: All company computers need anti-virus and anti-spyware programs, and this software needs to be regularly updated. Employees are often the weak spot, so if they are using a company Wi-Fi network, make sure it's secure and that their passwords are strong and regularly updated. Adding two-factor authentication, which uses a password and an additional piece of information that only the account holder has, can help block cybercriminals' attempts to gain access. Unfortunately for small firms, some of the things they hope will save them time and money might open them up to cyberattacks. Take computers and cell phones: Asking staff to use their own for work purposes can cut costs and boost productivity, but is riskier in cybersecurity terms.
If you share business or customer data with suppliers or partners, you need to make sure they have the right cybersecurity in place, too.
If you can't afford to keep a cybersecurity expert on staff, think about bringing one in for certain projects or to review your systems and processes on an ad hoc basis. This way you can tap into their specialist knowledge and ensure you're up-to-date with the latest security measures without having to shell out for someone full-time.
Data needs to be regularly and remotely backed up so anything lost in a ransomware attack or breach can be easily recovered. If it's stored somewhere else then there's nothing for cybercriminals to hold ransom. Educate your employees, too — they need to understand just how important that data is and why it needs such sensitive handling.
If it happens to you, act quickly. The affected systems will need to be taken offline, and it's important to inform your customers as soon as possible. This might be part of a larger attack, so you'll want to tell local authorities what's happened.
"When you're in a crisis situation is not the time to develop a plan," Diana Burley, internet security specialist and George Washington University professor, tells CBS. It's best to practice how you might respond to a data disaster and establish what your recovery plan is ahead of time. Thinking this won't happen to you because you're too small is no longer a defense.
The daily business briefing: January 19, 2022
New York AG seeks to compel Trump, Don Jr., and Ivanka to testify, details new fraud claims
Microsoft to acquire video game company Activision Blizzard
Federal appellate court punts Texas abortion law to state Supreme Court
Texas abortion law


The Zvi M Gartenhaus address is 988 E 21st St Brooklyn NY 11210-2834 and the business entry is attached to the branche Religious articles.
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Architects registered in Massachusetts must earn a minimum of 12 credits annually, 8 of which must be in Health, Safety and Welfare (HSW) topics. One hour equals one credit. Credits must be earned within the 12-month license renewal cycle; Sept. 1 through Aug. 31.This continuing education requirement has been in place since the 2003-2004 license years.
Note: Any course or program approved by the AIA, CSI or NCARB is automatically accepted by the Board. All of the courses listed below have been approved by the AIA for HSW credit.
View the Massachusetts Frequently Asked Questions for more information.
The License renewal form will have a check-off required which certifies that the renewing architect has met the CE requirements. A random audit will be performed after the renewals are received. Those selected for audit will be required to submit written documentation of their CE activities. AIA transcripts showing qualified continuing education activities will be acceptable documentation.
Purchase 10 or more hours and receive 40% off. Use Code "MAAR40".


The School of Criminal Justice invites applications for a full-time, fixed-term assistant professor position. Duties include teaching six courses at the undergraduate (baccalaureate degree level) or graduate level (master's degree level) offered in the online/virtual format.
The positions require a PhD. Candidates must have a demonstrated record of teaching excellence and/or significant work experience in areas related to teaching assignment. Candidates must have the ability to teach at the undergraduate and graduate level.
Preference will be given to applicants with experience in teaching in online format.


An instinctive and emotive painter, Steve Williams is one of York's most exciting contemporary artists. Full of energy, movement and vibrant colour, Steve's paintings reflect the dynamic nature of the landscape through the emotional perspective of his own experience. Through each painting, Steve actively invites collectors to connect not only to the timeless beauty of the local landscape, but furthermore to share in the precious, multi-sensory experience it has to offer.
Read the full Steve Williams biography.


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Inside the World of Peter Berlin, Groundbreaking Photographer and Gay Icon
Photo by Copyright of Peter Berlin.
Copyright of Peter Berlin.
Almost 50 years after his uncompromising films and daring self-portraits made him a defining gay sex symbol of the '70s, Peter Berlin can't quite fathom why anyone would still be interested in his work. Yet he's also bothered that the rest of the world hasn't remade itself in his image—and that's just one of the many contradictions that make Berlin so fascinating. He's an introvert known for his exhibitionism; a gifted photographer whose only subject is himself; a porn star who doesn't much care for sex; and a man who responded to the artifices that so many gay men constructed to hide their true selves by creating an even more exaggerated sexual and stylistic persona.
"I decided, I will not fake my life like Rock Hudson and all of these Hollywood stars who were hiding their sexuality, pretending to be straight," says Berlin, now 76 and living a quiet life in San Francisco. "And why did they do it? Just a matter of mathematics. If they didn't do it, they wouldn't have that career, they wouldn't get the money. So I won't do it. I didn't hide and paid a price for it. I was exactly knowing what I was doing."
He jokingly describes the triple exposure image as being of "three brothers who like to dress alike. The one in the middle felt somewhat faint and had to be placed on a chair."
His work, collected for the first time in hardcover format in Peter Berlin: Icon, Artist, Photosexual (Damiani), compiles highlights from the thousands of erotic self-portraits that Berlin has taken over the course of his life, many of which originally appeared on the covers of gay magazines and made him an international cult icon. Those photographs, plus his collages, illustrations, and his porn films Nights in Black Leather and That Boy, show how his initial studies in portraiture grew into a full creative practice. As to his impact on popular culture, it depends on whom you ask. The style arbiter André Leon Talley calls Berlin "the male version of Mae West." The designer Telfar Clemens says that "Peter Berlin invented fashion porn." To the artist Jack Pierson, Berlin is "the first gay conceptual artist." And the performance artist Kembra Pfahler refers to him as "the surfer beach version of a Jean Genet leather sex god."
Berlin, whose real name is Armin Hagen Freiherr von Hoyningen Huene, was born in Poland during World War II, to a noble family of diplomats and artists. (His best-known relative was the admired fashion photographer George Hoyningen-Huene.) Berlin's father died in the war, and young Armin grew up humbly, but aware of his family's roots, in Berlin. His photography studies led to a job as an in-house lensman for a German chat show, but he found postwar Berlin stifling, and tooled around Paris and Rome for a few years before landing first in New York and finally in San Francisco in the early '70s. "I never had a plan in my life," he explains. "I only could tell you the million things I didn't want to do. The American way and the American look were always very exciting—like a magnet."
"This black-and-white print was enhanced by an oil-colored sky, plants, and a red bandanna." Berlin says.
In post-Stonewall, pre-AIDS San Francisco, Berlin started refining his image as he cruised parks and bathhouses. "When I saw these guys with the stupid towel around their body, I took the towel off and I dressed them up as Peter Berlin for my entertainment and theirs. I felt like a little girl with a doll. They loved it. That was my idea of great sexual theater." In fact, in the wake of his 20s, apart from his performances in films, the thrill for Berlin lay much more in looking and in the rituals of attraction than it did in the act of sex itself. More than a decade before Saturday-morning television would turn He-Man into a cartoon icon of male virility, Berlin adopted a Dutch boy haircut and dressed in ensembles that stylized masculine archetypes (the sailor, the biker, the cowboy) years before the Village People made them mainstream. Unable to find what he wanted in stores, Berlin altered and made his own clothes. The result was shirts and vests cut to expose as much of his torso as possible, undergarments that left little to the imagination, and his trademark thin cotton pants, which hugged his prodigious bulge as suggestively as an Azzedine Alaïa dress envelops the curves of a woman. "For me, a naked person is sort of, 'Okay, that's how the good Lord did you,' " he says. "But then comes your imagination, your ideas, and you become the artist to take the naked body as a canvas and dress him up." Berlin was unabashed in his exhibitionism and never wavered in his look, whether he was cruising at 2 a.m. or running an errand at noon. ("I marveled at his outfits, especially in commonplace moments," says John Waters in the book. "Just getting off a bus and seeing what he was wearing, I was like, 'Jesus! How does he go out like that every day?' ")
"I call this Portrait of a Drug Addict," Berlin says.
"The red tulips in the picture were painted by Jochen Labriola."
As he began his transformation, Berlin documented the results. "I developed this idea of putting the camera on me just for the hell of it and froze that moment because I was always very visual. I get my whole information through my eyes." The pictures started gaining traction, and in 1973, on the heels of porn-chic classics like Boys in the Sand and Deep Throat, Berlin made the jump to feature-length films, first with Nights in Black Leather, shot in collaboration with his friend Richard Abel, and the following year with That Boy, for which Berlin took on the roles of director, writer, and producer.
"Sorry I obstructed the beautiful view of Castel Sant'Angelo," he says. "We both look rather magnificent.
The films were a hit and made him the gay sex symbol of the time. And yet curiously, Berlin admits that he was much too shy to promote his work. He met Salvador Dalí and his wife, Gala, and went to dinner parties with Andy Warhol, who once offered to let him use his Factory as a creative base in New York, but Berlin never followed up. He also became close with Robert Mapplethorpe—the only other person Berlin ever posed for. "He wanted to be a great photographer," Berlin recalls. "He wanted to be rich and famous. I never had any of those aspirations. That's of course why I'm sort of poor and sort of hanging around." In the 2005 documentary That Man: Peter Berlin, the photographer Rick Castro recalls that when a member of Jean Paul Gaultier's team called Berlin in the '80s to see if he would be interested in modeling for the label, "Peter answered the phone and said, 'I am the maid. Peter is not here. He'll be out of town for eight months.' "
Screenshots from the classic motion pictures *That Boy and Nights in Black Leather*.
Despite Berlin's muted efforts, his work has particular relevance right now. Civil rights victories, the advent of PrEP, and a political landscape that practically demands rebellion in all its forms have led to a new era of queer sexual freedom echoing that of the '70s. And the ubiquity of digital platforms has made photographing oneself a fact of life: On restless nights, many a young gay man this side of Pete Buttigieg has unwittingly paid homage to Berlin with an iPhone, an ASOS jockstrap, and a bathroom mirror. An ever-growing army of so-called #Instagays now take Berlin's place in the gay imagination. "My God, compared to Peter Berlin they are so much better," Berlin says. "I can't believe how many." Still, he laments that even now these characters are relegated to a sort of digital underground. "You see the selfies, what I basically did 40 years ago—that's done in the millions by women and men, but they're discouraged to do it. Because if you have a sexual picture of you, then in 20 years if you wanted to have a job in the government or something, you wouldn't be able to get it."
This was taken circa 1967, before my 'Peter Berlin prime time;' " he apologizes for cutting off the leather boots in the large image below. "On this particular day, I shined them extra well, but would have disappointed the guys whose needs were more on the muddy side.
Indeed, if RuPaul maintains that every man, gay or straight, should dress up in drag to appreciate the powers of femininity, Berlin might argue that every man should fashion himself as an unrepentant object of carnal desire, at least once in a while. He laments that, although he always tried to encourage other guys to carry on his legacy, it never happened. "I wanted them to say, 'Okay, if Peter Berlin thinks he is so hot, I will show him,' " he says. "When you go and see the Academy Awards or whatever, these Emmy Awards, the women are all dressed up sexy and great, and the men are completely hiding their sexuality. There is not one Peter Berlin walking around, either on the streets, or on the Internet, or at the awards shows. It's all sort of gone."


By all accounts, Levi's alarm clock was an impressive timepiece, but the alarm could only go off at four a.m. It wasn't exactly the most functional alarm clock, but for farmers who worked the fields in the morning, the clock was perfect.
During the years that followed, Seiko worked to address the problems that accompany both saturation dives and shallow dives, taking pride in every timepiece that made it past the stringent criteria of the world's best watchmakers.
Whether you're searching for a vintage Disneyland cast watch, a brand new, just released cast member watch or you just want a Disneyland themed timepiece, you're sure to find a watch that matches your style and taste.
Watches - After finding a brand and model, individual watch pages contain a crisp image of the timepiece along with a descriptive paragraph and easy reference info grid contining facts such as band, warranty and retail price.
What began as a simple concept to reinvigorate the failing Swiss timepiece industry while carving a contemporary niche for the company, has now achieved cult collectability status among watch lovers and fans of pop culture.
Bulova watches are both an excellent investment as a new timepiece and as a vintage time piece they are much sought after by watch collectors for the value these watches hold, their craftsmanship and unique look and styles.
In addition to an elegant black leather band with contrast stitching and a deep black dial with chronographs, the timepiece offers its wearer a reliable Swiss movement, a screw-down crown and water resistance to 330 feet.
After a number of unsuccessful attempts by watch makers to produce an accurate timepiece for seafarers that would withstand the harsh elements of the sea, Rolex introduced the first completely water tight watch in 1926.
For example, if the falling body s is attached by a thread to the pendulum of a timepiece, it may be used to stop it and indicate the approximate time at which the tremor occurred.
C. Chandler to determine the latitude or correct the timepiece, of great value because of its freedom from instrumental errors.


James discusses the listing that almost gave him a heart attack.
Talk about twists and turns...selling a house in two weeks nearly gave me a heart attack and watching this episode brought back the high blood pressure! But all kidding aside, I'm proud of #BondStPartners, especially David. He pushed us to take a risk that ultimately set us apart in a highly competitive market. Truth be told, I thought our tenacity and stance when negotiating Doheny proved our capabilities to the seller. Yet clearly, competitive pricing wasn't enough...we needed to make a statement. And while you can see the look of shock in my face when David throws the two week curve ball, it lit a fire in us to work harder than ever to prove we're an unstoppable team. An unstoppable team with the same fashion sense!
Wearing the same outfit was the least of our problems. We had our work cut out for us in this episode, starting with an open house ASAP. It's always hard leaving my sweet angels at home on evenings and weekends, but being present at open houses to connect with potential buyers is paramount. The quick turnaround time on Drexel made it imperative to make a perfect first impression. As you saw, our events are always packed with our network of eligible brokers and potential clients, Drexel's layout in particular, makes for great flow while entertaining. Throwing one of our signature parties was the best way to show off the house!


1Lightly brown mince in a frying pan and then add zucchini, carrot, mushroom, basil, garlic and tomato paste and combine well.
2Add 1 & 1/2 cans of tomato soup and stir. Remove from heat. [Mixture should be runny].
3Spray slow cooker with olive oil and add the remainder of the tomato soup to the bottom of the slow cooker. Spread.
4Place 1 layer of lasagne and then cover with mince. Repeat x 1.
5Place a double layer of lasagne sheets and cover with mince.
7After the 2 hrs, cover the lasagne in cheese. As much or as little as you like.
8Cooks for the last 2 hrs on low.


Firms operating in Dubai face payment delays, contract renegotiations and unfair calling of performance bonds now that the emirate's construction boom has ended, according to EFIC's World Risk Developments July newsletter.
EXPORT Finance and Insurance Corporation (EFIC) senior economist Dougal Crawford, says while $11.9 billion in financial support from Abu Dhabi has lowered the risk of default, it will not be enough to stop projects being cancelled, delayed and scaled back.
"Up to US$299 billion worth of projects could be cancelled or postponed," he says.
As for payment delays, Crawford notes some contractors and consultants have reportedly not been paid for up to six months and the large property developers owe billions. Overall, Dubai's economy could slump by 10 per cent this year.
The contrast with nearby Qatar is stark. Its economy is forecast to grow by 18 per cent in 2009, thanks to a boom in gas investment and production. $108 billion of gas investments are on the drawing boards in the period through to 2012 and gas production is set to double over the next two years.
By and large, resource-based economies are weathering the world financial and economic crisis better than economies which over-borrowed during the boom years. And this is despite the sharp slump in commodity prices from October 2008 to March 2009.
"While neither Dubai, nor Qatar, nor the Congo are major trading partners of Australia, they all do matter increasingly to corporate Australia, especially as its resource and engineering companies expand into the Gulf and Africa to take advantage of the infrastructure and resource opportunities on offer there," says EFIC chief economist Roger Donnelly.
It follows news that property industry high-flyers, including the senior agent of a company (Sunland) part-owned by James Packer, are among 13 Australians under arrest in Dubai.
• David Brown, architect and the Middle Eastern head of the Sunland Group.


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Renos + New Builds
250.727.8783Drain Brain
SMART PLUMBING
HomeTom Sinclair2018-10-24T13:42:30-07:00
OVER 30 YEARS OF EXPERIENCE SERVING HOMEOWNERS THROUGHOUT VICTORIA, BC
Andy McMullan started Drain Brain Plumbing (originally named MDBA plumbing) after being laid off from Highland plumbing during a recession in the 80's. Andy quickly moved from a solo operation to a business with five full-time employees. But with the birth of his daughter and then a son shortly after, Andy downsized the business so he could spend more time with them. Now 30+ years later, Andy's son, Kieran, has taken over the company as Andy settles into retirement.
After graduating from Glenlyon-Norfolk School in 2003, Kieran spent a year in England working at Christ Church Cathedral School. Upon his return in 2004, Kieran started working with his father at the Drain Brain in Victoria, BC and enrolled in Camosun College's plumbing apprenticeship program. Four years and 6000+ hours later, Kieran's become a fully qualified journeyman plumber. Today, he works with his apprentice, Masa, and occasionally his dad when Andy isn't busy lawn bowling or halfway around the world.
We've served Victoria BC and area for over 30 years, our team of experienced plumbers are affordable, reliable and efficient.
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SERVICING & REPAIRSTom Sinclair2018-10-24T13:44:20-07:00
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