If you have a need for Alternative Health Techniques products or services, you will know that experience and product knowledge are vital. massage, guidelines and health techniques - and all the basic essentials of Alternative Health Techniques are available from Naughty Enterprises, in Braeside, VIC. You can contact us by email at any time, or by phone at (03) 9587 #### during business hours, for helpful and professional assistance with any and all of your Alternative Health Techniques needs.


It's the most important five-letter word in business, yet, in an increasingly transactional world, contracts replace handshakes and words require collateral to bind agreements.
This is because the two key components of trust - ability to deliver and faith in the other's intentions - require insight plus relationship.
In the business village, trust is like a tree - it takes time to grow, yet can be cut down in an instant. But in a world of strangers doing deals, we have to count our change and read the small print.
However, social media is bringing us into the era of e-trust - we can be eBay rated, Twitter shamed and Facebook framed, though the downside of being perpetually exposed is that there is no space for redemption, forgiveness and recovery.
Yet, alongside, the golden threads of trust hold together many of our most important working relationships.
Handshakes, promises, good faith and fellowship lie at the heart of all our most healthy institutions.
Nigel Nicholson is professor of organisational behaviour at LBS. To see his book, The 'I' of Leadership: Strategies for seeing, being and doing (Jossey-Bass, £18.99), go to iofleadership.com.


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Secondary Market BETA
Equity-Based Options for Raising Startup Capital
Startup Valuation Calculator
How to Find Angel Investors
Taking your business to the next level, no matter what stage you're at, usually requires capital. There's an abundance of options available, but which one is best for you, your business and current situation? You may also find that you need more than one source of funds for your business over its lifetime. Let's take a more in-depth look at the top equity-based options available for companies looking to raise capital.
Equity Crowdfunding
Suitable for: early-stage businesses of all stages.
We're an equity crowdfunding platform at Seedrs, so it makes sense to start off by taking a look at the way we support the growth of early-stage businesses!
How it works: Equity crowdfunding allows a diverse group of investors, from individuals to institutions to invest capital through an equity crowdfunding platform, such as Seedrs, in return for equity in the business raising. In short, business pre-establish how much they need to raise to reach their next level of growth, and the amount of equity they are prepared to offer investors. They then run a campaign, pitching the investment opportunity to the platform's community.
Advantages of Equity Crowdfunding
Get fast access to capital from a diverse group of investors. On Seedrs we have one of the world's largest investment communities and you can easily combine this alongside your existing investors, customers and family and friends.
Customer engagement – the platform makes it easy to give your early supporters a chance to share in your success by investing in your business. At Seedrs, the investor relations portal allows you to continue building loyalty with your investors.
Brand engagement – reach new audiences in new markets and gain exposure across mainstream media. By putting your product in front of potential customers, you benefit from attracting customers at the same time as investment.
Customer acquisition – benefit from the bespoke marketing packages and exclusive deals on promotional activity that include digital marketing, email marketing, dedicated PR and even advertising on the London Underground which will drive your customer acquisition while you raise funds.
Support as you scale – at Seedrs the nominee structure provided means that you only have one name on the cap table, making looking after 100s or 1,000s of shareholders straightforward. Equity crowdfunding platforms can also support with further fundraises as you continue to scale and may also provide growth services, such as those provided by the Seedrs Alumni club.
No repayment of capital raised.
Disadvantages of Equity Crowdfunding
With many equity crowdfunding platforms, there is a heavier administrative burden with a large shareholder base of the crowd. There are certain decisions taken by companies which require the consent of shareholders so it can be more arduous and costly if you find yourself having to contact literally hundreds of shareholders, but it is unlikely that small investors will respond to any contact. However, as mentioned, the legal structure provided by the Seedrs Advantage Nominee means that you only have one name on the cap table, making looking after 1,000s of shareholders much easier.
As with all equity-based financing options you will be selling some equity in your business but this is often preferable to taking on debt that then requires repayment and can actually hold back your growth.
To underpin a great equity crowdfunding round you'll need to ensure you have found a significant, pre-established proportion of the investment funds from your contacts, before going live on the crowdfunding site. This is sensible when you think about it; like a business, a crowdfunding campaign stands a much better chance of gaining momentum if it already has a solid backing, but this does mean that it is not as easy as you might imagine to crowdfund successfully. However, at Seedrs we do offer our Anchor Investment Service which can help you find that pre-aligned capital.
Finding an Equity Crowdfunding Platform
You're in the right place already! Over £600 million has been invested in campaigns on the Seedrs platform, and we have funded over 810 deals to date since 2012. Find out whether equity-based crowdfunding could be right for your business by applying to raise on Seedrs here.
Suitable for: early-stage startups, but also suitable throughout a company's lifetime.
How it works: Angel Investors can be either an individual or a group of individuals (who often invest together through networks or syndicates) that invest cash to finance startups. With significant assets, Angels are looking to invest in early stage businesses with high growth potential, in return for company shares. Investments usually range from £10k upwards (the average Angel investor invests a median of £25,000 according to UKBAA), and they will typically expect a 10-15% stake in your company if it's a seed round.
Advantages of Angel Investment
Often, Angel Investors are ex-entrepreneurs or business leaders, so if they are experienced in your business area, they can provide an essential value-add that makes Angel investment worth so much more than just the cash. Their experience and advice can be invaluable, and you should also look for an ability to follow on, providing more later-stage capital to continue to support you through at least your early-stage funding rounds.
In many instances, Angel investors are friends and family of the founders, so if you have a personal connection to an Angel, it can make it easier to obtain capital if you have a prior established level of trust from an existing relationship.
Disadvantages of Angel Investment
While an Angel Investor's key selling point is their value-add of expertise, it can also be a key downside if they start to dictate or interfere with your business.
If your Angel investment is through friends and family, handling their money could cause tension in your relationships with them.
Usually, Angels offer a smaller amount of capital compared to venture capitalists.
You do need to take care that you pick investors that you feel you can relate to and work with long term, as some Angel Investors like to be hands-on. There may be times when you come into conflict, so be sure they're someone whom you can have an honest, frank discussion with.
Securing Angel finance is dependant on high-quality research. So, where do you start? Here's an introduction but you can also check out our guide on how to find Angel Investors for further guidance.
Personal introductions always work best, but not all of us know someone who knows an investor. An hour's research on the internet will show you any number of investor syndicates and networking groups that hold pitch events, which will allow you to pitch to a group of investors, but always try to get personal recommendations before pitching. You would be surprised about the extent to which some of these events are made up of professionals who provide services to startups rather than investors themselves.
There are businesses which will offer to find you investment for a fee, often a cut of the invested cash. Provided you appreciate that this effectively makes the investment more costly for you (as you have to give a percentage of it to the introducer), these are not all bad. However, be very careful about the terms as some will try to get you to agree a very high percentage commission (e.g. 8% or 10%) or to give the introducers a cut of all investment you raise for evermore, whether introduced by them or not. Again, at Seedrs we have our Anchor Investment Service which can help connect you as part of your funding round.
Venture Capital (VC)
Suitable for: startups generally at stage Series A and beyond.
How it works: VC funds invest in new ventures using funds raised from limited partners such as pension funds, endowments, and wealthy individuals. The main distinction between VCs and Angel Investors is the weight of investment and generally control rights that VCs will have in their portfolio companies.
VCs look to invest large sums (£2m-£50m) into very high-growth companies that can demonstrate huge potential. They'll hope to see a return of up to 40x on their investment, and they'll expect a 15-25% stake in your business, as well as a fair amount of strategic control and expectations.
VCs generally invest at the stage that a business model will have been proven, and the focus will be on looking to scale. However, there can be exceptions – micro VCs who specifically target seed stage businesses or traditional VC's who have specific seed stage funds.
Entering into a relationship with a VC is just that – a relationship, and they can be good, bad, or indifferent. You need to remember that their entire reason to exist is to invest in companies, grow that investment and exit, so they will only invest in you if you are a good prospect for high growth. Once they have invested, they can become much more demanding and may push growth more aggressively than you may want.
Advantages of VCs
One of the only ways to raise significantly large funds of over £1m, with a strong potential to follow on and put more money into your company in future investment rounds.
VCs are very well connected.
You often have a single investor to deal with, or at the most two, and they are professionals who, like you, understand the world of your business from the outset.
Disadvantages of VCs
Loss of control. Receiving a large amount of money from VCs typically results in a more significant expense of your ownership stake.
VCs may demand a high level of involvement in your business to help drive growth and see a return, as they're acting on behalf of clients who are seeking significant returns. The terms they require in the investment documentation relating to their minority protections and control on decision-making in the business will be far more onerous than anything you will have been required to agree to with an Angel Investor, and they will want to have oversight over your management concretely.
VCs operate on the principle of high risk, high reward. However, this risk might mean they take a long time to decide whether to invest.
Finding VC Firms
It's not an easy task to work out which VCs are worth approaching. At Seedrs, our Anchor Investor Service can help connect you to VCs and Institutions that are looking to make investments in businesses like yours.
It also doesn't need to be the sole source of funds and increasingly early-stage businesses are raising funds on Seedrs from a diverse combination of investors including both self-directed investors and VCs. Crowdfunding can bring with it validation for a VC considering investing in your company, answering their ultimate question: "will people buy this product?". Similarly, the crowd's interest will be roused by a startup that has attracted the support of a recognised VC firm, effectively snowballing the success of a raise. By combining VC expertise with an engaged audience that you can use as a testing ground, you can achieve maximum impact during your fundraising.
Learn more about how VCs and equity crowdfunding can work well together in our blog post, written by Kirsty Grant, our Chief Investment Officer on, 'Why Your Funding Round Can Never Be too Crowded'.
Suitable for: very early stage businesses.
Accelerators and incubators are often talked about synonymously. Although similar, there are key differences. For example, an incubators' priority is to direct and nurture startups for a longer period of a year or more, whereas an accelerator programme tends to be shorter. Further, unlike accelerators, incubators don't just concentrate on business aspects either; some focus on the science or industry-specific side, for example, by providing access to specialised equipment for biotech research companies. Moreover, incubators are more likely than accelerators to be run by non-profit organisations such as universities, government bodies, or civic groups.
Accelerators operate to help startups grow quickly throughout a programme that usually lasts three months. Startups need to apply to be accepted into an accelerator programme, with only a small number of applicants being accepted based on certain selection criteria. Following a successful application, startups will be expected to offer part of their equity to the accelerator.
Like accelerators, incubators also require an application process and provide collaborative programmes to help founders solve problems related to launching a startup by offering a place to work, seed funding, mentoring, and training. However, as already mentioned, these programmes will last for far longer than an accelerator.
Advantages of Accelerators and Incubators
Extensive mentoring from old-hands in entrepreneurship, ranging from founders of startups to titans of your industry, and FTSE100 Executives.
Seed investment.
Typically provide a workspace.
A programme will typically have a cohort of a few selected small businesses, providing the opportunity to work with other budding entrepreneurs to collaborate with, learn from, or maybe teach, which potentially may open doors for you in the future.
Introductions to investors and face-time with them. Many programmes are difficult to get into, so when future investors see that you graduated from a programme of a certain calibre, it acts as social validation for investors, setting you apart from similar startups at the same stage.
(Accelerator specific) Most accelerators are formed to conclude with a demo day, where the cohort of startups will pitch to many investors simultaneously. Done right, this is a golden opportunity to jumpstart a seed funding round.
(Accelerator specific) Programmes tend to last 3-4 months, but can be one of the most concentrated educational programmes, often likened to an MBA but distilled over the course of a few months. Entrepreneurs will have access to extensive training resources on business plans, pitches, and technology.
Disadvantages of Accelerators and Incubators
Not all startup accelerators and incubators are created equal; a lot of them aren't worth participating in if they have weak relationships with investors. For newly established accelerators and incubators, they are unlikely to have a proven track record of supporting startups that have gone on to be big successes. This might cause investors to be more hesitant about investing in graduated companies from these companies.
Participation (particularly in incubators) will eat into valuable time in your company's lifecycle. If you walk away without gaining enough value from your time, it can mean a massive time loss for your startup in an environment where even a matter of a few days can lead to startup survival or demise.
A cookie-cutter process. Often, programmes have a predefined structure that every cohort goes through; it's a formula that works for most startups most of the time. However, that is meaningless if it doesn't work for your business, which can waste your time with pointless events or advice.
The application process for both options can be tiring, rigorous, and highly competitive.
Finding Accelerators and Incubators
Similar to VCs, it's difficult to navigate which accelerators and incubators are worth approaching. At Seedrs, we partner with accelerators and incubators, and our team mentors, judges and participates in the selection of cohort companies in a lot of accelerator and incubator programmes. By leveraging the support from Seedr's coaches, startups have access to a wealth of knowledge and advice to find the right fit for their company.
About Seedrs
Referral Fee Terms
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Seedrs Limited is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (No. 550317).
© Seedrs Limited 2019. All rights reserved. Seedrs is a registered European Community trademark (No. 008771537) and registered United States service mark (No. 85423072) of Seedrs Limited, a limited company registered in England and Wales (No. 06848016), with registered office at Churchill House, 142-146 Old Street, London EC1V 9BW, United Kingdom, VAT No. GB 208 3065 32. Seedrs.com is a website owned and operated by Seedrs Limited.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Are you ready to clamber up the greasy pole of success? If so, you should start with an engineering degree (and, yes, join a fraternity while you're at it). After graduation, grab a few years of related work experience before heading back to school for an MBA at a top university, and then follow that up with a stint at Bain or McKinsey. Finally, make the jump to the company you hope to lead one day, and be sure to get some operational experience and international exposure.
These are the steps I identified while studying Fortune 100 CEOs and 222 CEOs from 18 companies which survived for more than 100 years . I also interviewed CEOs and experts on CEO succession from Egon Zehnder , Heidrick & Struggles, and Merryck & Co .
Unless you're a founder, your chances of making it to the top job without a degree are virtually non-existent. Just over half of Fortune 100 CEOs have a degree in business, economics, or accounting, while 27% studied engineering or science, and 14% law. Fortunately, there's no need to spend your money on a top-school at this stage. Ford's Alan Mulally, for example, did his undergrad degree at the University of Kansas. AT&T's Randall L. Stephenson is a graduate of the University of Central Oklahoma. In his latest book, Malcom Gladwell argues that among people with similar SAT scores those who attend a lower ranked school do better in life. He argues that it allows them to maintain their confidence, while even smart kids can struggle in a classes stocked full of academic overachievers.
It's different for MBAs, though, where grades matter less than the school's brand and the networks formed. Close to 40% of Fortune 100 CEOs did an MBA, and 60% of them went to an elite school. If you have the option, Harvard is still the place to go. In 2012, 40 Fortune 500 CEOs had an MBA from the world's best known business school.
This is unlikely to change anytime soon. As markets become more globalized, more CEOs of America's largest companies are likely to come from overseas. Hence, many of them will have their first degree from home, but in order to burnish their U.S. credentials, an MBA from a top school will be helpful. We can also expect more engineers at the helm. Partly, globalization is at play again. Emerging economies often put greater emphasis on engineering and science degrees, funneling more talented youngsters into those fields. So, the likelihood that a CEO from an emerging economy is an engineer is going to be higher. Moreover, engineers tend to have an advantage when it comes to technology and digital markets. According to Andrew Roscoe from Egon Zehnder, an executive search firm, this is one of the issues high up on the agenda of selection committees. It is therefore not surprising that CEOs at some of the most prominent companies, such as GE's Jeff Immelt, ExxonMobil's Rex Tillerson, or Apple's Tim Cook, have technical degrees. Expect more of this!
Large organizations are complicated ecosystems, proving difficult for outsiders to adapt and navigate within them. The board members of Fortune 100 firms are intimately familiar with this dynamic, preferring to select internal candidates in 79% of the cases. Similarly, only 11% of the 222 CEOs in the long-living organizations that I studied were outsiders. In the most successful long-living firms, the number was even lower: 3%.
This does not mean that CEOs spent their entire career in the same company. Some work for a few years in one of the big consulting firms. A 2008 USA Today survey found that the odds of a McKinsey consultant becoming the CEO of a public company were the world's highest at 1 in 690. Morgan Stanley's James P. Gorman, for example, was a senior partner in McKinsey's financial services practice, before moving to Merrill Lynch and then Morgan Stanley. Operational experience is important, though, as a direct move from consulting to CEO is a rare exception. In fact, you're more likely to make such a move from a law firm after proving yourself by helping the firm with your legal services.
Eventually, most future CEOs move into substantial operational roles, typically running the largest division or the most important international business, before they get offered the top spot. Three-quarters of Fortune 100 CEOs come from operations. In a recent article, Adam Kleinbaum, a professor at Dartmouth College, highlighted the potential downside of such a career trajectory. Moving straight through the ranks of the core business translates into narrow interpersonal networks and limited opportunities to connect with people in different parts of the organization. And this matters as the CEO's job is often a lonely grind, where it helps to have trusted friends and allies you can consult to find out what's really happening at the ground level.
The alternative career path is finance, as 32% of Fortune 100 CEOs previously held the post of CFO. Usually, these careers are even more confined, creating the danger of viewing the entire organization through the prism of figures. On the other hand, Will Moynahan from Heidrick & Struggles, an executive search firm, points out that CFOs are typically the only ones with substantial experience in communicating with shareholders. Being fluent in the language of high finance with all manner of external stakeholders is a valuable attribute in public company CEOs.
As we expect the world to become more global and interconnected, future CEOs will be confronted with countless unforeseen issues and challenges. Boards are aware of this and will put a premium on track records which reflect a wide breadth of experience. This does not mean that a solid finance or operations background will be dismissed, but throwing something else into the mix is certainly useful. A few years spent working as a consultant obviously comes to mind. IBM's Ginni Rometty is a good example of someone with a variety of different postings. She started her career in General Motors before she joined IBM as a systems engineer. After a job in IBM consulting – where she spearheaded the acquisition of PricewaterhouseCoopers – she became head of marketing and strategy, before taking the top job.
Selection committees need to examine the full package, meaning both personality and track record will be taken into account. Recent research by Egon Zehnder goes a step further. In a survey of 800 executives, 78% stated that a person's track record is actually a poor indicator of future success, while 87% believe that personal traits explain the difference in performance between good and great. Considering how difficult it is to measure personal traits, this is not necessarily reflected in the decision of who will be appointed. After all, if a CEO decision turns out to be wrong, the members of the selection committee want to deflect the blame. Still, even during the gruesome climb to the top, some personal characteristics are helpful.
On top of the list comes personal drive and ambition. Climbing to the top translates into stress that not everyone is cut out for combined with extremely long working hours. Bill Gates, for example, spent 10,000 hours programming on a high-school computer from the age of 13 . Sears' Edward Lampert lost his father at the age of 14, and helped to support his family by working after school and on weekends, while still earning good grades. In 2003, he was kidnapped in a parking lot outside his office. Two days after his release, he was back in the office to negotiate an important deal. It's people like these that you'll have to compete with for the CEO job.
Communication skills are also high up on the list of requirements. At a time when every gesture and utterance can quickly be shared through social media, small gaffes can cause major harm to a firm. Not all future CEOs possess natural talent. So for some of them it comes back to hard work. Chris Beer from Merryck & Co, a company organizing CEO mentoring by former CEOs, and a Professor of Practice at Warwick Business School, recalls a client who was a strong performer, but simply did not get along well with any of his colleagues. He was about to be side-lined but then learned through mentoring how to adapt his style and has since thrived in the organization.
In my own study on CEOs from long-living companies, I found that the ability to listen is equally of high importance. Margaret Heffernan, who has mentored numerous CEOs, refers to a capacity to understand the needs of others and the business. Sometimes this requires tough decisions. She recalls that as the CEO of InfoMation Corporation, she recommended her own dismissal to the board when this was necessary for the business to excel. The company had shifted from B2C to a B2B, an area she did not feel she had sufficient expertise.
Finally, it will not come as a surprise that the ability to build connections both with peers and bosses matters. 15% of Fortune 100 CEOs were members of a fraternity . In a globalized world, the nature of networks might change, but connections will matter even more. In fact, the ability of former McKinsey's consultants to arrive at the top can partly be explained by the firm's unprecedented alumni network. It even has its own exclusive job offers.
So is there a pathway to CEO?
There's no guarantee you'll ever reach the top job of a large organization, because chance and circumstance also plays a substantial role, but if you follow these steps, then you'll certainly increase your chances.


1st United Car 'Bravo' Roll Out Ceremony held at United Car Assembly plant on Nov 26, 2018 in Lahore.
Ribbon Cut by Respectable Mother of Mr. Sana Ullah Ch,Mr.Zaka Ullah Ch,Mr. Abaid Ullah Ch and Mr.Zia Ullah Ch.
"We thanks to Allah Almighty that today we are standing at an assembly plant of our locally assembled car, we hope that people will like our product and soon the vehicle will be available at our 3S dealerships.


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SureCloud Delivers Penetration Testing Services (PTaaS) to Advanced
Pentest-as-a-Service
BBC Feature
Advanced is the third largest British software and services company in the UK. It helps organisations create the right digital foundations that drive productivity, insight and innovation – all while remaining safe, secure and compliant. Advanced's solutions enable both commercial and public sector organisations to address business challenges and deliver immediate value – positively impacting millions of people's lives.
Advanced enables organisations to streamline and consolidate their core business functions, including financial management, HR and payroll, spend management and field services. Advanced's customers operate across sectors as diverse as Private and Public sectors, healthcare and education, manufacturing, sports and entertainment venues, but all share a desire to move towards digital maturity.
Robust and resilient protection of its critical systems and sensitive data from cyber-criminals is a crucial part of Advanced's own risk management. The company needs to be able to demonstrate that it takes a proactive, sophisticated and dynamic approach to cyber-security, for both customers and regulators. As such, Advanced wanted an effective means of testing and verifying its security on an ongoing basis, and sought a penetration testing specialist who could give it total peace of mind in the fight against cyber-crime.
Introducing SureCloud's cyber security services
Following a competitive process, Advanced chose SureCloud to conduct manual penetration testing on its network to identify vulnerabilities and enhance security.
As part of its Pentest-as-a-Service offering, SureCloud delivered:
Cybersecurity penetration testing services to identify any vulnerabilities in Advanced's
Dynamic reporting, offering Advanced real-time visibility into its security status at any time
Vulnerability remediation
SureCloud's centralised, cloud-based platform underpins the Pentest-as-a-Service delivery, meaning SureCloud stays with Advanced throughout the entire penetration testing life-cycle, from scoping through to vulnerability discovery and remediation.
Rather than being presented with a static report which provides a snapshot of its vulnerability status at any point in time, Advanced now has a dynamic and continuously updated view of its penetration testing projects, including historical ones. Advanced can manage remediation, allocation tasks, and trend and track progress via dashboards, all with full access to SureCloud's market-leading team of testers.
"We are gradually developing a wider base for our security services at Advanced, so we wanted to work with a business with complementary skills to our own," said Justin Young, Director of Security and Compliance at Advanced. "SureCloud's services offer genuine flexibility and agility through the cloud, helping us achieve a more dynamic and responsive way of delivering our core business services."
Robust and reliable security
"SureCloud's services mean that our end-to-end security testing now has independent checking and validation for vulnerability discovery across all aspects of our infrastructure and applications." said Young.
"These are vital elements of enterprise risk management and regulatory compliance, both for us internally and also for our customer's ongoing confidence in the products and services we provide them with".
Testing diversification
"From initial network penetration testing services, SureCloud now also delivers a comprehensive range of application testing and software testing services," said Young. "It provides a truly end-to-end approach to security testing, ensuring that every aspect of our IT is robust and secure. We can access individual test results via the online SureCloud platform, which provides a simple, intuitive means of interpreting test results and gives us a clear understanding of our risk posture at any point."
A scalable platform for growth
"SureCloud has helped us to take a truly proactive and dynamic approach to cybersecurity and risk management, and deliver genuine peace of mind for our stakeholders," concluded Young.
"Advanced is a hugely well-respected name in Software manufacturing and Managed Services and so we are delighted to be working with them," said Mike Harrison, Vice President of Cybersecurity at SureCloud. "Our Pentest-as-a-Service is a highly scalable, flexible and adaptable choice for organisations looking to optimise their security strategy, and will suit Advanced today and into the future."
About Advanced
SureCloud is a provider of cloud-based, Integrated Risk Management products and Cybersecurity services, which reinvent the way you manage risk. SureCloud also offers a wide range of Cybersecurity testing and assurance services, where we stay with you throughout the entire test life-cycle from scoping through to vulnerability discovery and remediation. Certified by the National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) & CREST and delivered using the innovative Pentest-as-a-Service (underpinned by a highly configurable technology platform), SureCloud acts as an extension of your in-house security team and ensures you have everything you need to improve your risk posture.
Advanced Case Study
Set a Thief to Catch a Thief: Keeping Hackers at Bay
SureCloud Pentest as a Service Datasheet


The Best PD Ever! Those aren't words that usually go together. I have seen my share of professional development topics and presentations over the course of my thirty years as an educator – some good, some bad, and many somewhere in between. However, this year I truly experienced the best professional development opportunity of my teaching career. When forming groups for our district tech PD, I decided to take a leap of faith and go outside my comfort zone when choosing a partner for our PD TECH group. I could have partnered with someone from my school, but I always encourage my students to think differently and try something new. How could I continue to ask them to follow my advice if I didn't practice what I preach? So, during the initial planning phase of this newly formed group, I sought out someone new. As I listened to the High School art teacher across the room's ideas and thoughts, it led me to think that we had a lot more in common than I thought. Maybe, a high school art teacher and a fifth grader teacher could offer each other something? Amazingly, she was feeling the same way. Now, we consider it fate that we joined forces. We learned that we shared many of the same thoughts and views about teaching and learning. We challenge and encourage each others' thinking and push each other to try new and interesting lessons and ideas. We support and defend each other when trying something new.
This collaboration led us down many avenues. We taught a class to our fellow colleagues called – CREATE CONNECTIONS. However, the strongest connection was the one we forged together along that journey. In presenting professional development to others, we were the recipients of the most powerful and valuable resource teachers can receive and that is the gift of sharing with one another. As mentioned in the quote above, our perspectives and ideologies extended beyond our own limitations. The force and source of our collaboration energized my teaching and encouraged me to try new and innovative ideas, as well as challenge my comfort level. I wish that everyone could experience the gift of such a valuable friend. I encourage every teacher to value, connect and seek out the resources right under their noses – their colleagues. Broaden your perspectives, look outside your circle of friends, collaborate with another teacher. You will not regret the decision. I feel blessed and fortunate to have met this amazing woman and colleague that I now call friend, soulmate, and my best PD ever! Thank you, Karen!


Of my five fellow bloggers, I feel like I know Jessie the least. We have crossed paths at the last few New England Crime Bakes, and had some great conversations there. But this was a great chance for me to get to know her a little better, and to introduce her to you.
Julie: When did you start writing?
Jessie: I feel like I was a writer before I could read. As a child I kept nearly constant company with a vast cast of imaginary friends. Their lives were fraught with difficulties which I enjoyed complicating. When I played make believe games with my younger sister she wanted for us to be princesses or rich people. I insisted we be utterly destitute because it would increase the drama in our story line. As soon as I could read I started writing stories. I wrote a short story in second grade inspired the Marlborough Man. I turned him into an armed bandit, which I guess was my first crime story.
Julie: OK, now you have to post the story about the Marlborough Man. Who are your writing influences?
Jessie: For mysteries, Agatha Christie, Ngaio Marsh, Dorothy Cannell and Charlotte MacLeod. I also love Scandinavian crime writers, especially Arnaldur Indridason and Jo Nesbo.
Julie: I haven't read any Scandinavian crime writers. I will need to add those authors to my list! By way of introduction, would you tell us what you are working on right now?
Jessie: For my Granite State Mysteries series, I am finishing up Body of Water, which involves flooding and secrets unearthed by the rising waters. In untitled book 2 of my Sugar Grove series the main character, Dani Greene is trying to start an agricultural cooperative but members are experiencing sabotage at their farms.
[Julie note: Jessie has two series. Her debut novel, Live Free or Die, was published by Mainly Murder Press in 2010, and won the 2011 Daphne du Maurier Award, Mainstream Division.
Julie: Why cozies? Do you write anything in other forms?
Jessie: I love cozies because they provide a puzzle without being grim. I like grim but I am not always in the mood for it. You have to be willing to experience the emotions of your story world for large portions of your waking life. I am someone who tries to find the positive in most situations. Writing cozies allows me to enjoy the structure and challenge presented by the construction of a mystery while still usually killing off people that everyone would prefer to see dead. I do have a couple of less light-hearted projects under construction but they are not currently on the front burner.
Julie: With two series, that isn't surprising! What's your connection to New England?
Jessie: I have lived in New Hampshire since I was eight. With very few exceptions, all of my family lives in Maine. My family can be traced back to the Mayflower and a relative hanged at Salem for witchcraft.
Julie: OK, I am going to let you save the relative story for another blog entry. Who are some of your favorite authors?
Jessie: I adore Martha Grimes, Margaret Yorke, Lloyd Alexander, P.G. Wodehouse, E.F. Benson, E. Annie Proulx, Billie Letts, Fannie Flagg and John Irving.
Julie: What a great list! What would people be surprised to learn about you?
Jessie: I think most people that meet me now are surprised to learn how shy I was as a child. I couldn't even order a pizza by phone. Eventually, I decided shyness was preventing me from doing what I wanted in life and I pushed myself to overcome it. I got a job as a salesperson in a clothing store when I was sixteen. The first day of work my boss told me to greet customers. I realized getting fired for not doing my job would be worse than speaking to strangers. I started out by smiling at people and eventually worked up to actually speaking to them. Slowly, I developed a more outgoing attitude in other aspects of life. I still hate to use the phone but I can order pizza.
Julie: Thanks for a great interview Jessie. She is going to be checking back in today, so any questions for her?
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So excited to have found another Fanny Flagg fan. This blog is going to be so much fun!
Barb, I agree, on both counts!


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William Martel Professorship
Dr. William Martel
In 1997, friends and colleagues of William Martel, M.D., joined forces with former medical students and residents to endow the William Martel Collegiate Professorship in Radiology in the University of Michigan Medical School. Martel, the Fred Jenner Hodges Professor Emeritus in the Department of Radiology and an emeritus member of the U-M Cancer Center, is widely known for his numerous contributions to the field of radiology, especially in the areas of musculoskeletal and gastrointestinal radiology.
Martel received his medical training in New York City in the 1950s, first at New York University, then at King's County and Mt. Sinai Hospitals. In 1957, he joined the faculty of the University of Michigan Medical School Department of Radiology. He served as director of diagnostic radiology from 1965-75, and as chairman of the department from 1982-92. An outstanding clinician and popular teacher, Martel led the department to a position of national prominence, recruiting many distinguished faculty while mentoring the future radiologists in his charge with care and dedication. He was awarded the Amoco Outstanding Teacher Award; his elective course in radiology was one of the most popular in the school. Keenly aware that the successes of the present rest on those of the past, Martel wrote The Distinguished History of Radiology at the University of Michigan: On the Occasion of the Centennial Celebration of the Discovery of X-rays to acknowledge and honor those who built the Department of Radiology.
In recognition of his service to medicine and his many accomplishments in research, clinical care and education, Martel was awarded the Medical Center Alumni Society Distinguished Achievement Award in 2003.
In 1999, Kyung J. Cho, M.D., professor in the Department of Radiology and a member of the U-M Cancer Center, was installed as the first William Martel Collegiate Professor of Radiology. Cho's research interests include venous thromboembolic disease, vena cava filter placement, liver microcirculation, and the localization of endocrine disease. Cho received the Lifetime Achievement Award in Medical Education from the Medical School Dean's Office in 2003.
William Martel Professorship Recipients
James H. Ellis, MD
Jonathan M. Rubin, MD, PhD
Kyung J. Cho, MD
Reflection by Kyung J. Cho
It has been a great honor and privilege for me to serve to the Department of Radiology and the University of Michigan as the William Martel Professor of Radiology for 16 years. I have received many awards and honors for my research, clinical practice and contribution to the field of interventional radiology. Receiving both the Society of Interventional Radiology gold medal award and the Korean Society of Interventional Radiology Gold Medal Award in 2012 was one of my career highlights during the professorship.
I saw Dr. Martel loved both his family and work deeply. He and Rhoda wanted to provide the best possible education to their children. I also saw how much their children loved their parents. I am proud all my children (Catherine, David, and James) also grew up and was educated in Ann Arbor.
I am grateful to the University of Michigan for giving me the opportunity to fulfill my career ambitions through to retirement. I want to thank Dr. Walter Whitehouse, Dr. William Martel and Dr. Reed Dunnick for their strong support of my career and interventional radiology. I also want to thank to my wife Young for her encouragement, understanding, and patience.
1500 E. Medical Center Dr
Rad-Webmaster@med.umich.edu


text:
Phylloxera on rise…: Deadly insect pest poses increased risk to north coast vineyards
Jeffrey Granett , UC Davis
John A. De Benedictis, UC Davis
James A. Wolpert, UC Davis
Edward Weber
Austin C. Goheen, UC Davis
Jeffrey Granett is Professor and Chair, Department of Entomology, UC Davis; John A. DeBenedictis is Staff Research Associate, Departrnent of Entomology, UC Davis; James A. Wolpert is Extension Viticulturalist, Department of Viticulture and Enology, UC Davis; Edward Weber is Viticulture Farm Advisor, NapaCounty; Austin C. Goheen is Plant Pathologist, emeritis, UC Davis and USDA-ARS.
Resistant rootstocks protect grape vines from phylloxera; however, a new form of this insect, Biotype B, threatens the survival of 70% of Napa and Sonoma County vineyards, those which are planted on the rootstock AxR#1. Research demonstrates that different accessions of AxR#l are equally susceptible to damage by this insect, a form of plant lice. The insect has spread from two sites in 1983 to more than 70 sites in those two counties; spread to other grapegrowing counties is likely.
Grape phylloxera is a widespread pest of grapevines. Native to eastern North America, it was introduced into Europe in the 1860s where it devastated vineyards. In response, European researchers developed resistant rootstocks. Many rootstocks available today are a result of breeding and selections made in Europe during the last quarter of the 19th century. One of these, Ganzin 1, known in California as AxR#1, was initially successful. However, in both Europe and South Africa, resistance disappeared after a number of years. The loss of resistance was attributed to a more virulent race of phylloxera.
Phylloxera became an important problem in California with the introduction of the European grape, Vitis vinifera. Trials to determine which rootstocks were suited to various California conditions were established by Husmann in 1905 and by Jacobs after 1929, the repeal of Prohibition. Jacobs' trials were continued by Lider in the 1950s, and in 1958, Lider concluded that the root-stock AxR#l, a hybrid of V. vinifera and V. rupestris, was sufficiently resistant to phylloxera in California and was suited to a variety of growing conditions in the state, particularly those in the coastal valleys. As a result, AxR#l usage increased markedly, and by the late 1970s, this rootstock predominated new plantings in northern California.
TABLE 1. Grape phylloxera utilization of Cabernet Sauvignon and two AxR#1 accessions
Severe damage to AxR#1 by phylloxera was first identified in California in 1983 at two sites in Napa and Sonoma Counties. Since then, the biotype has spread to more than 70 sites in those two counties. Laboratory and field tests established that a different strain of phylloxera was responsible for the damage. The new strain was named biotype B to distinguish it from the then more common strain, biotype A, which does not damage AxR#1. These tests determined that a number of the currently available root stocks were resistant or immune to the new biotype (see California Agriculture, January-February, 1987).
The current study was undertaken to determine if there was any difference in the resistance of two AxR#1 accessions distributed by the University of California's Foundation Plant Material Service. The two accessions, AxR#1-01A and AxR#1-05, exhibited structural differences in leaves and shoots, so it seemed possible that resistance to biotype B might also vary. If so, the solution to the problem would be to restrict planting to the more resistant AxR#1 clone.
TABLE 2. Determinations of grape phylloxera biotypes. Collections mere (mm own-rooted, Vitis vinifera vines except as noted.
Above; Leaf gaits of grape phylloxera, such as these on the wild grape Vitis girdiana of southern California, are unknown on cultivated grapes in this state.
Right: Feeding by dense aggregations of phylloxera adults, nymphs and eggs causes root swelling and eventual death.
In addition, we surveyed known phylloxera sites to determine how widely type B had spread from the two original sites. Knowledge of proximity is needed by vineyardists for their planning and management decisions. We also sampled noncultivated native grapes and hybrids for phylloxera.
Resistance of AxR#1 accessions
The two accessions tested were AxR#1-01 A and AxR#1-05 from two nurseries in Yolo County. Cabernet Sauvignon roots were used as controls because they are highly susceptible to A and B biotypes of phylloxera. We obtained phylloxera from four laboratory colonies: the two colonies that are our standards of biotypes A and B, one which previously tested as biotype A, and another biotype B colony.
We placed phylloxera eggs on root pieces and determined percentage surviving, development time for eggs to become adults, and number of eggs laid per day for the first 10 days of adult life. In seven replications, we placed 40-100 eggs on each of three root types, 10 eggs per root piece. We used only data on phylloxera which established on the main portion of the roots.
Values on the two AxR#1 accessions were compared for each colony using t-tests at 95% confidence (table 1). There were no significant differences between the two accessions in 11 out of the 12 statistical comparisons. The exception, a greater percentage of colony II individuals surviving to maturity on AxR#l-05 than on AxR#1-01 A, likely was due to random variation.
Both accessions are susceptible to biotype B, but maintain resistance to biotype A (see table 1). Overall, the lack of significant differences between AxR#1 accessions indicates that the failure to resist phylloxera cannot be attributed to the choice of one certified AxR#1 accession over the other.
The bioassays also confirmed biotype differences with regard to developmental times and fecundity. Here again, colony II was anomalous; it responded as an A colony previously and subsequently, but in this experiment responded inexplicably as a B colony.
Sites for collection of phylloxera were chosen based on knowledge of infestations from 15 counties (table 2). Samples from Napa and Sonoma County vineyards were primarily from AxR#1; most samples from vineyards in other counties were from own-rooted Vitis vinifera vines. Phylloxera were also collected from non-cultivated Vitis californica and vines that appeared morphologically to be V. californica x V. vinifera hybrids, and, in the desert region, from V. girdiana in Walker Canyon near Inyokern and Scotty's Castle in Death Valley. All collections were from roots except for samples from V. girdiana, which came from leaves. We successfully established about 70 % of all collections on root pieces as separate laboratory colonies which later underwent laboratory bioassays to determine biotypes.
Left: Phylloxera damage spreads radially creating an irregular patch of decline with the most severely stressed vines (just beyond the foreground) at its center.
None of the collections of phylloxera from leaf galls from V. girdiana colonized Cabernet Sauvignon or V. girdiana roots in the laboratory, and we did not find root-feeding forms on wild V. girdiana in the field at the times of leaf collections in October 1989 and April 1990. Roots of the same plants from which infested leaves were taken could be colonized by biotype A and B phylloxera in the laboratory. We do not know if the apparent differences between the leaf-feeding phylloxera and the root-feeding biotypes indicate that the former are of a different biotype or species, or if root feeding is possible at other times in the year.
Results of biotype determinations are shown in table 2. Biotype B phylloxera is widespread in Napa and Sonoma Counties. Although it is unknown elsewhere at present, we believe it will continue to spread by natural means (wind) and human intervention (on rootings, machinery, boxes, etc.).
Biotype B has not been found on roots of mature, own-rooted V. vinifera or V. califomica except once, in Napa County on V. vinifera. The reason for this is not yet known.
At sites where biotype B is found, growth and production by AxR#1-rooted vines are severely depressed and many vines are being removed. The increase in biotype B sites and severity of the vine depression suggest that long-term survival of AxR#1 is not likely, especially if contiguous with viticultural areas where the biotype B phylloxera has been found.
Based on the early results of this study, the University of California recommended discontinuing the use of AxR#1 in December 1989. Because we expect the spread of biotype B to continue, the recommendation applies statewide.
Replanting of biotype B-infested vineyards with rootstocks that are resistant to this strain is already beginning. A number of rootstocks are known to be resistant to biotype B, however, because of other viticultural characteristics, no single rootstock is likely to dominate new plantings as did AxR#1. Necessary high-priority research for the future will include rootstock breeding and trials.
Due to editorial error, the January-February issue of California Agriculture carried two incorrect captions:
On page 19 of the article "Vaccinating grapevines against spider mites" the caption reversed the identification of Willamette and Pacific spider mites.
On page 32 of the same issue a photograph caption incorrectly identified yellow delicious apples as Granny Smiths.
The significance of phylloxera on wild grapes is not known. They may harbor only certain biotypes, and populations on V. californica may be a reservoir from which phylloxera spread to vineyards. Phylloxera from V. girdiana differ from other populations in California but may be more similar to phylloxera populations we observed on leaves of native V. arizonica collected near Tuscon, Arizona and Caliente, Nevada. All may be native and of a different biotype or species.
The authors thank the farm advisors from each of the counties who helped us locate poplations, J. OBarr and T. Coonan at the Death Valley National Monument who helped with the collections there and T. Dennehy for discussions and review of the manuscript.
Phylloxera collections from the field were coordinated by Jery M. Marston.
Granett J, De Benedictis J, Wolpert J, Weber E, Goheen A. 1991. Phylloxera on rise…: Deadly insect pest poses increased risk to north coast vineyards. Calif Agr 45(2):30-32.
Jeffrey Granett, John A. De Benedictis, James A. Wolpert, Edward Weber, Austin C. Goheen


Sorry, Villa Shanti is not available for the selected dates.
A glamorous villa just a few kilometres from the centre of Syracuse, with an exotic and magical atmosphere made even more so by the wonderful volcanic stone swimming pool (heated and with hydromassage corner) set in a fantastic Mediterranean garden.
At the entrance, you won't fail to be charmed by the well-manicured garden, tastefully decorated with pots and quality Sicilian tiles, and then by the classy terrace and fine swimming pool (which can be heated up to 28°C during the colder months).
The volcanic stone, with its colour and reflections, characterises not only the swimming pool, but also the pretty, furnished outdoor areas and the BBQ (with sink and worktop) where you can prepare appetisers or tasty traditional Sicilian dishes.
The same class and elegance can be found indoors. Woodwork, quality tiles, pottery and other design elements all combine to give life to a delightful, peaceful and refined space.
The living area is on the ground floor. It is characterised by the beautiful parquet steps and marble fireplace, and is further enriched with carpets, ornaments and quality paintings. On this floor, there is also a fitted kitchen with a retractable wall, a dining area, and a double bedroom with bathroom.
The other three bedrooms and bathrooms are spread out over the lower area and the loft.
Finally, one more novel area for relaxation: the massage room. Here, if you wish, you can put yourself in the skilled hands of a professional masseur and make your stay at Villa Shanti both emotional and, even more relaxing (Shanti means 'peace' in Sanskrit).
And then there's Syracuse, just a few minutes away, and the wonderful baroque pearls of Sicily – Noto, Modica, Scicli, Ragusa Ibla – as well as the wonderful Sicilian nature with the Vendicari reserve and the crystal-clear sea, and then… well, you really need to see it all for yourself!


A 27-year-old local man was discovered in Eldridge Crescent, Rose Green, with serious head injuries on Saturday evening, police confirmed.
A spokesman said officers were called to nearby Grosvenor Gardens, at 10.47pm on Saturday following concerns for a man, he was taken to St Richard's Hospital in Chichester for treatment.
Police added that two people were arrested on suspicion of committing grievous bodily harm with intent, they are a 20-year-old man from Grays in Essex and a 21-year-old man from Lewisham in London, both have been released on police bail until 27 May pending further enquiries.
The spokesman said a third person was arrested, an 18-year-old man from Bognor Regis, who received a caution for possession of cannabis.
Anyone who saw what happened is asked to report it online at www.sussex.police.uk or call 101 quoting serial 1422 of 05/05, alternatively, visit www.crimestoppers-uk.org or contact it anonymously on 0800 555 111.


text:
Q: cumsum and if-condition in dplyr in r not giving expected output I was trying to solve the below problem with dplyr and managed to make some progress, but I'm facing few problems at some point.
Problem Statement
In each of the groups(grouped by ID), if the same ID's current HID and previous HID are different and the Interval < 30, then the Penalty column should show the value from Amount. In all other conditions, it should show 0(the other conditions could mean either the HIDs being same, or HIDs different but Interval >= 30 )
Data
"ID","DaysToEvent","HID","Interval","Amount"
2197560,16369,"011",29,90105
2197560,16494,"121",29,50526
2197560,16509,"121",29,194568
2197560,16569,"001",31,27236
2197560,16577,"128",29,17309
2197578,14447,"001",29,17276
2197578,14468,"021",29,12661
2197578,14489,"001",31,15015
2197578,14517,"001",29,19000
2197578,14517,"02P",29,19001
2197578,14517,"001",31,19002
2197578,14517,"001",29,19003
2197578,14517,"001",29,19004

My code
mycoredata2009 = read.csv('path/to/abovefile.csv')
CumulativeCumulativeCost = 0;
mycoredata2009 = mycoredata2009 %>%
    group_by(ID) %>%
    mutate(Penalty = ifelse( ((HID != lag(HID)) & Interval < 30) ,Amount,0)) %>%
    mutate(CumulativeCost=cumsum(as.numeric(Penalty))) %>%
    CumulativeCumulativeCost = cumsum(as.numeric(CumulativeCost)) %>%
    cat(paste("For group with ID==",ID,"CumulativeCost==", CumulativeCost,sep=""))
    mycoredata2009 = as.data.frame(mycoredata2009)

Problems I'm currently facing
However, there are a couple of problems with the code

*

*The Penalty column shows the value of Amount even if the current HID
and previous HID are the same.(works correctly for the other two
conditions )

*The CumulativeCost column which is supposed to be a running cost of
    the Penalty column always shows NA

*At the end of each group, I want to print the CumulativeCost of that
    group and keep inserting the ID and CumulativeCost of that
    group into a final output data frame

*I also want to have a variable called CumulativeCumulativeCost
which, as the name suggests is a running sum of the CumulativeCost
of each group.

Received output
   ID DaysToEvent HID Interval Amount Penalty CumulativeCost
1    2197560       16369      011                29  90105      NA             NA
2    2197560       16494      121                29  50526   50526             NA
3    2197560       16509      121                29 194568  194568             NA
4    2197560       16569      001                31  27236       0             NA
5    2197560       16577      128                29  17309   17309             NA
6    2197578       14447      001                29  17276      NA             NA
7    2197578       14468      021                29  12661   12661             NA
8    2197578       14489      001                31  15015       0             NA
9    2197578       14517      001                29  19000   19000             NA
10   2197578       14517      02P                29  19001   19001             NA
11   2197578       14517      001                31  19002       0             NA
12   2197578       14517      001                29  19003   19003             NA
13   2197578       14517      001                29  19004   19004             NA

Expected output(hand calculated)
   ID DaysToEvent HID Interval Amount Penalty CumulativeCost
1    2197560       16369      011                29  90105      NA             NA
2    2197560       16494      121                29  50526   50526          50526
3    2197560       16509      121                29 194568       0          50526
4    2197560       16569      001                31  27236       0          50526
5    2197560       16577      128                29  17309   17309          67835
6    2197578       14447      001                29  17276      NA             NA
7    2197578       14468      021                29  12661   12661          12661
8    2197578       14489      001                31  15015       0          12661
9    2197578       14517      001                29  19000       0          12661
10   2197578       14517      02P                29  19001   19001          31662
11   2197578       14517      001                31  19002       0          31662
12   2197578       14517      001                29  19003       0          31662
13   2197578       14517      001                29  19004       0          31662

A: Based on the expected output, after we create the "Penalty" column using the logical condition (HID!=lag(HID,...)), change the first observation in the "Penalty" column per each group to "NA", get the cumsum of the other rows, and append NA to it (c(NA, cumsum(...)) to create the "CumulativeCost"
 library(dplyr)
 mycoredata2009%>%
    group_by(ID) %>%
    mutate(Penalty= ifelse(HID!=lag(HID, default=0) & Interval<30, Amount, 0),
              Penalty=ifelse(row_number()==1L, NA, Penalty),
              CumulativeCost=c(NA, cumsum(Penalty[-1L])))
  #        ID DaysToEvent HID Interval Amount Penalty CumulativeCost
  #1  2197560       16369 011       29  90105      NA             NA
  #2  2197560       16494 121       29  50526   50526          50526
  #3  2197560       16509 121       29 194568       0          50526
  #4  2197560       16569 001       31  27236       0          50526
  #5  2197560       16577 128       29  17309   17309          67835
  #6  2197578       14447 001       29  17276      NA             NA
  #7  2197578       14468 021       29  12661   12661          12661
  #8  2197578       14489 001       31  15015       0          12661
  #9  2197578       14517 001       29  19000       0          12661
  #10 2197578       14517 02P       29  19001   19001          31662
  #11 2197578       14517 001       31  19002       0          31662
  #12 2197578       14517 001       29  19003       0          31662
  #13 2197578       14517 001       29  19004       0          31662

Or we could remove the ifelse
 mycoredata2009 %>%
    group_by(ID) %>%
    mutate(Penalty=NA^(row_number()==1L)*(HID!=lag(HID, default=0) &
                  Interval<30)*Amount,
            CumulativeCost=c(NA, cumsum(Penalty[-1L])))

Or using data.table
library(data.table) #data.table_1.9.5
 setDT(mycoredata2009)[, {
  tmp = NA^(1:.N==1L)*(HID!= shift(HID, fill=0) & Interval<30)*Amount
   c(.SD, list(Penalty=tmp, CumulativeCost=c(NA, cumsum(tmp[-1L]))))
   },ID]

  #1: 2197560       16369 011       29  90105      NA             NA
  #2: 2197560       16494 121       29  50526   50526          50526
  #3: 2197560       16509 121       29 194568       0          50526
  #4: 2197560       16569 001       31  27236       0          50526
  #5: 2197560       16577 128       29  17309   17309          67835
  #6: 2197578       14447 001       29  17276      NA             NA
  #7: 2197578       14468 021       29  12661   12661          12661
  #8: 2197578       14489 001       31  15015       0          12661
  #9: 2197578       14517 001       29  19000       0          12661
 #10: 2197578       14517 02P       29  19001   19001          31662
 #11: 2197578       14517 001       31  19002       0          31662
 #12: 2197578       14517 001       29  19003       0          31662
 #13: 2197578       14517 001       29  19004       0          31662

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Cockburn Trade US Politics World
What's the real reason Jared Kushner lost his security clearance?
Qatari ministers, Chinese conglomerates and 666 Fifth Avenue could have something to do with it.
Jared Kushner had his security clearance restored last month. He can, once again, read classified documents, such as the President's Daily Brief, or PDB, which contains some of the nation's most sensitive secrets. Many American commentators said this must mean Kushner is out of danger with the special counsel's inquiry into the Trump campaign and Russia. If the special counsel, Robert Mueller, had turned up anything really bad, they argue, he would have told the FBI agents doing Kushner's background check. One legal expert told the New York Times that Kushner could breath a sigh of relief. Perhaps. Perhaps not.
Kusher, Trump's son in law, had been working in the White House for a year under a temporary top secret clearance. This was pulled by the chief of staff, John Kelly in February in what a memo leaked to the Washington Post portrayed as a general tightening of procedures. Kelly acted after the White House staff secretary, Rob Porter, was fired for failing to mention that two ex-wives had accused him of beating them. The US media reported that Kushner's temporary clearance was revoked, and the full clearance was taking so long, because he'd failed to mention meetings with the Russian ambassador and with the head of Russia's state investment bank during the transition. To some of Trump's enemies, those meetings were evidence that the conspiracy with Russia was real. Others have asked if Kushner was trying to get the Russian bank to take some of the debt on his family's disastrous real estate investment, 666 Fifth Avenue in New York.
A retired member of a US intelligence agency tells Cockburn there was another reason for revoking the temporary clearance. This source, having spoken to former colleagues still serving, says Kushner would habitually put in a stream of RFIs – Requests For Information – after he had seen the PDB or other briefings. These RFIs often related to places where his family or the Trump Organisation had business interests, or wanted to have them. There were instances, our source says, when this sensitive information was echoed back in US monitoring of calls between senior figures in the Middle East. One prince would be telling another prince secrets that the US intelligence agencies had only just gathered and passed to the White House. This was felt to be evidence that Kushner was carelessly leaking. If so, was this simple inexperience, an effort to bolster relationships that might help his family business, or – the most innocent explanation – to do with his role as Middle East envoy? Regardless: 'It was driving the intelligence community crazy.'
It could be that – in the matter of the security clearance, and much else – Kushner is labouring under the curse of 666 Fifth Avenue, or 660 as the family have, rather desperately, renamed it. This was possibly the worst commercial real estate purchase in history, at the time certainly the most expensive, bought at the top of the market and now half empty, compounding debt in a way that threatens to wipe out the Kushner family finances. Shortly after President Trump's election victory, Kushner met Wu Xiaohui, chairman of a vastly wealthy Chinese conglomerate, Anbang, to discuss a $4bn bail out. That deal fell through and then, last month, Wu was convicted of corruption by a Chinese court, receiving an 18-year sentence. This was not a coincidence, according to one senior former White House official. Wu is Communist nobility, married to a granddaughter of Deng Xiaoping, the kind of personage that China's anti-corruption drive would not normally touch. 'No one is connecting the dots,' said the former official: 'Wu was put on trial for failing to succeed in mounting a Chinese influence operation [against Kushner].'
Manoeuvring to get out from under the crushing debt on 666, various Kushners have also met with various Qataris to secure finance. Before the election, Jared met several times with Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim al-Thani, one of the country's richest men. After the election, his father, Charlie, had talks with Qatar's minister of finance. 'None of us knew the rules of government or what we should do,' Charlie explained. 'But we realized after that meeting, that it was a wrong thing to do.' Coincidentally, this realisation came after the talks failed to secure the hoped for Qatari bounty.
The deadly, but unproven allegation against Jared is that he used his government position as Middle East envoy to advance his family's private interests. One participant in West Wing meetings tells Cockburn that while the 666 negotiations were going on, Kushner argued vehemently against supporting the current blockade of Qatar by its neighbours. This was something our informant interpreted as motivated by the family's need for Qatari money. Coincidentally, the blockade was imposed – with American support – shortly after the Kushner family's negotiations with the Qataris on 666 fell through. The Qataris believed they were being extorted, according to sources close to the royal family.
This story may, however, have a happy ending. Last month, an investment fund part owned by Qatar was in negotiations to take on some of the 666 debt. Coincidentally, an official in one of the Gulf countries enforcing the blockade tells Cockburn that the ruler there has just received a 'very rude' letter from President Trump saying it's time to make friends with Qatar.
Allegations about wrongdoing by Kushner remain just that. At the very least, though, the tangled history of 666 shows how complicated his background check would be. The many meetings with foreign companies and banks – often with state links – would have to be exhaustively checked by the FBI. This would take time. Presumably then, all the checks turned up nothing, now that Kushner has his permanent clearance? That may be the case but even here the truth is hard to make out. Former officials who dealt with these issues in government say that a president can insist, over the heads of the intelligence community, that an aide is granted so called TS/SCI clearance, standing for Top Secret/Sensitive Compartmented Information.
This is a logical extension of the view that a president can classify or declassify intelligence at will, one instance where Nixon's statement that "If a president does it, it's not illegal" really is true. Sadly for Kushner, and for President Trump – both under scrutiny by the special counsel – this principle may not apply more widely.
Funnily enough, Jared Kushner's office did not reply to Cockburn's Request For Information or any of the allegations contained within this article.
'A system at odds with the Constitution'Dominic Green


Just started reading this recently, and I'm enjoying the series so far!
Oh my goodness, thank you so much for doing this! It's a shame nobody else does Midori no Rupe's non-H (if you can call it that, really) stuff.
Would you also be interested in doing Burapa – The Black Parade? If not to scanlate it, then to at least give it a read?
Seems like a fun read, but I have no intention of picking up anything else until what I'm currently doing are complete.


Can you drive to bike? If you can drive to bike this game is for you. You should play like a newspaper boy. You will break window and collect a lot of bonuses and stars. Then you can upgrade your bike and you will pass levels. Have fun!


text:
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Tea Leaves and Gold Pins
Noizchild 102 stories
Blood-Soaked Article
Match Sixteen: Blood-Soaked Article:
January 7th, 1999.
This little urban legend from Japan had managed to find its way to China at the Liao doorstep. At seven in the morning, the main Liao house got a knock on the door.
"Coming!" Bik called as she hurried to the front door. She slid it open for a startling surprise. The nurse backed away with her hand over her mouth.
"Oh dear lord!" she gasped. One of their translators stood before him with his clothes covered in blood. His eyes looked glassy and shot. His lips trembled as if mumbling something to her. He clutched a newspaper article in his right fist. Bik recognized the man. He was the one that Khai had sent to Japan for a business dealing. He seemed to have just gotten back this morning. But, what the hell was this?
"Oi!" the nurse yelled. "What the hell happened?! Oi! Oi!" He didn't answer her, screaming. The man stumbled into the threshold. He only said one clear thing to her.
"Akuma ga watashi o shutoku sa sete wa ikenai." Then, he collapsed to the floor and died. Panicked, Bik tried to go to work to save the man's life.
"Help!" she cried. "I need assistance! Help!" It was too late, however. The man had already gone. But, he had left the paper that he tightly held in his hand. Hen-to took it from his hand. The writing was all in Japanese with numbers on it.
"92464444?" Fei asked. "What could that mean?" Bik only shook his head.
"The bigger question is why does he have it with him?" Khai asked. So, he had his people research the number on the paper.
Turns out, the number led to a storage locker at the airport. However, just like the paper in the dead translator's hand, it was all in Japanese. Khai looked at it with a puzzled look on his face.
"What the hell is this?" he asked.
"No idea," Fei said. The master shrugged to himself.
"Well then," he said. "We'll have someone translate so that we can understand this paper." The job was given to another translator that worked for the Liao. The last time they heard from him was that night. Three weeks later, Khai and the families all wondered what happened to him. The translator didn't answer any of their calls They all thought that he was busy on the first day. And on the second day. Then, the third day passed. After a week, they all became worried.
"Maybe we should call?" Hen-to asked his boss. At first, Khai shook his head.
"Naw," he said. "Just give him a couple of days. He'll come up with something." Even his advisors weren't too sure about that. Their boss started to question his words the next day when the translator's son called him.
"I haven't heard from my days since last week," he said. "Have you guys heard from him?" Khai frowned at his question.
"I haven't heard from him since I gave him a job to do," he said. "I'm sure that he's fine."
"You sure?" the son asked. Khai went quiet from there. That night, he joined in with calling the missing translator. He even went as far as to call the police. The cops went over to the man's apartment. Oh, they found him alright. The translator had hanged himself in his office two weeks ago. The cops took away the body and confiscated his notes. Khai had big concerns about this.
"What exactly happened?" he asked. The main officer gave him a grim look.
"We believe that these notes have driven him to that point," he said. The master gave him a rather lost look.
"Huh?" he asked. The man shook his head. "Don't be ridiculous! Notes can't do that to a person!" The cop shrugged at him.
"That's all we can tell you at the moment," he said.
"Well," Khai said. "When do I get the notes back?"
"We'll let his son deal with you there," the cop said. The clan leader kept a serious face.
"Very well," he said. After six days, the son realized the notes to the Liao clan. It took two more translators to attempt suicide for Khai to abandon the translation all together. Yet, the curiosity didn't die away. He just had to find out what his first translator tried to tell Bik before he died. So, he called Fei and Hen-to to read what pages the second translator had worked on. By the sixth page, the three men all began to see the truth. They backed away trembling.
"Ho-win!" Khai gasped. "How the hell did you…" He turned to Fei and Hen-to with a pale face. "What should we do with these… these…" Hen-to held up his hand.
"Destroy them!" he gasped.
"But…" his boss said.
"Please!" the men yelled at him. Khai breathed to calm down again.
"Okay," he said. The three men burned the fire in the grill pit that evening.
Present Day.
*Ju*
I sat in the truck as I watched Fei and Hen-to talking to each other outside. The former had the file blue in his hand. I had my window cracked open so that I could be noisy and listen in.
"I thought we burned this!" Hen-to whispered.
"Yes we did!" Fei hissed back. "We were all there when our lord burned it all those years ago!"
"So how did our lady find it?"
"I don't know! But, she mustn't know about what happened!"
"But what if she finds out?"
Fei twisted his face in confusion. "Well… uh…"
Hen-to tapped his foot as he waited. Fei bit his lower lip as he shut his eyes.
"Then…" he began.
"Then?" Hen-to asked. Fei opened his eyes and looked at him.
"I guess I have no choice but to tell her when the time comes."
"And the file?"
"I'm going to destroy it, of course!"
"But how?"
"I don't know. I'll burn it in the woods or something."
"But what if it comes back again?"
Fei drew his mouth closed, nervously. I sat back in the seat. What were they talking about? Why were they so desperate to get rid of that file? What are they hiding from me? Something is telling me to walk away from this, but yet I didn't seem to know how. These questions wouldn't let my mind rest. I somehow just had to find the answers—at all costs.
16. Blood-Soaked Article
1 Funeral, White, and Stranger
2 Mother, Father, and Business Meetings
3 School Life, Facebook, and Nurse Bik
4 Willow
5 Old Money, Clan and Parents
6 Baku
8 Birthday, Dinner, and Memories
9 First Impressions, Wang Yao, and Connect
10 I'm Fine, Thank You
11 Beach, Dinner, and Men
12 Oak
14 Welcome Back, Kiku
15 Cleaning, File, and Warning
16 Blood-Soaked Article
17 Summer Dress, Business Lunch, and Questions
18 Dogwood
19 Amanojaku
20 Curiosity, File, and Second Warning
21 Exams, Summer Plans, and Crush
22 Meeting Between Men
23 Dreams, Dark, and Unsettled
24 Enenra
25 Dinner, Partnership, and Doubts
26 Pine
27 Work, Questions, and Kiss
Books About Betrayal
Books About Mythology
Books Similar to 'Shutter Island'
Books Similar to 'Alice in Wonderland'
TV Show Fanfiction
Books Similar to 'His Dark Materials'


text:
Q: Dictionary within a list - how to find values I have a dictionary of around 4000 Latin words and their English meanings. I've opened it within Python and added it to a list and it looks something like this:
[{"rex":"king"},{"ego":"I"},{"a, ab":"away from"}...]

I want the user to be able to input the Latin word they're looking for and then the program prints out the English meaning. Any ideas as to how I do this?

A: You shouldn't put them in a list. You can use a main dictionary to hold all the items in one dictionary, then simply access to the relative meanings by indexing.
If you get the tiny dictionaries from an iterable object you can create your main_dict like following:
main_dict = {}

for dictionary in iterable_of_dict:
    main_dict.update(dictionary)

word = None
while word != "exit"
    word = input("Please enter your word (exit for exit): ")
    print(main_dict.get(word, "Sorry your word doesn't exist in dictionary!"))

A: Well you could just cycle through your 4000 items...
listr = [{"rex":"king"},{"ego":"I"},{"a, ab":"away from"}]
out = "no match found"
get = input("input please ")
for c in range(0,len(listr)):
    try:
        out = listr[c][get]
        break
    except:
        pass
print(out)

Maybe you should make the existing list into multiple lists alphabetically ordered to make the search shorter.
Also if the entry does not match exactly with the Latin word in the dictionary, then it won't find anything.


There is 1 top-rated pediatric gastroenterologist in your area and 3 to avoid.
Business Description: To see if this provider is board certified go to www.abms.org. There are 36 doctors at this site. Surgery is not performed at this site.


Found one file extension association related to 4oD and 1 file format developed specifically for use with 4oD.
Even with the most advanced Media Center computer or PVR box, there will be some television programmes that get missed. The 4oD software from Channel 4 is part of a new service putting their content online.
This media player will show programmes from Channel 4 from the past 28 days as well as previous series. Examples include Gordon Ramsay's Kitcheon Nightmares, Green Wing and Shameless.
Just to make sure that programmes are ready to watch as soon possible it is possible to mark them for download before they are shown. You only pay for content when you start to watch it, not for downloading.
Channel 4 adheres to the Association for Television On-Demand (ATVOD) code of practice for protecting people using on-demand services.
If you need more information please contact the developers of 4oD (Channel 4), or check out their product website.


Because of our relationships developed over the years, we've sourced a wide assortment of ABB robots to offer as part of integration projects or to buy outright. We can supply ABB robots outfitted for many applications including material handling, deburring, palletizing, welding, or machine tending. Our ABB robot inventory includes the IRB 1400, IRB 2400L, IRB 4400L, IRB 6600 and the IRB 7600 among others.


text:
HomeSpecials 4x Sermorelin 2MG – $90
AICAR 30MG - 50 Capsules $189.00
MGF 2MG $19.99
Miracle Skin tone improvements, Improves sleep, Strengthen immune system, Anti Aging
SKU: 60a38a194e90-1 Category: Specials Tag: Cosmetic
Scientific Name: (GRF 1-29 NH 2) – 4x Sermorelin 2MG
Clinical Test Expectation: Miracle Skin tone improvements, Improves sleep, Strengthen immune system, Anti Aging
MG Strength: 2mg per vial
Detailed Product Information – 4x Sermorelin 2MG
Sermorelin Acetate, also known as GRF 1-29, is a Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone (GHRH) produced by the brain that stimulates the production and release of Growth Hormone (GH). Sermorelin Acetate was first developed in the 70s, which is thought to be the shortest fully functional fragment of GHRH and has been used as a test for Growth Hormone secretion. It is often used extensively in Anti-aging Therapy along with Testosterone in men. Sermorelin Acetate affects a more primary source of failure in the GH neuroendocrine axis, has more physiological activity, and its use for adult hormone deficiency is not restricted. Compared to human Growth Hormone (hGH), Sermorelin Acetate is a growth hormone secretagogue, which means that it stimulates the pituitary gland to produce and secrete growth hormone. Also, Sermorelin Acetate and Modified GRF 1-29 contains 29 amino acids whereas hGH is a larger molecule containing 191 amino acids.
Sermorelin (GRF 1-29) – Sermorelin Acetate
Sequence: H-Tyr-Ala-Asp-Ala-Ile-Phe-Thr-Asn-Ser-Tyr-Arg-Lys-Val-Leu-Gly-Gln-Leu-Ser-Ala-Arg-Lys-Leu-Leu-Gln-Asp-Ile-Met-Ser-Arg-NH2
Molecular formula: C149H246N44O42S
Molar Mass: 3357.96
PubChem: CID 16133753
Synonyms: Sermorelin acetate hydrate, GRF 1-29 NH2 Sermorelin
What is Sermorelin?
Sermorelin is a GHRH (growth hormone–releasing hormone) peptide analogue. Its peptide sequence is comprised of 29 amino acids. This sequence is a portion of the endogenous human GHRH, and is currently considered to be the shortest synthetic peptide that possesses the full array of functional GHRH activity. Due to this fact, sermorelin is considered to be a growth hormone secretagogue.
Sermorelin has been used during research to stimulate the secretion of growth hormone from the adenohypophysis (also called the anterior pituitary). The anterior pituitary secretes trophic hormones. Sermorelin has also been used in research stimulation tests to assess for pituitary sufficiency in relation to the secretion of the growth hormone.
Growth hormone–releasing hormone – 4x Sermorelin 2MG
GHRH is 44 amino-acids polypeptide that stimulates the secretion of growth hormone from the adenohypophysis. It is also called somatocrinin or somatoliberin. It is produced in the cell bodies of periventricular arcuate neurons, and thereafter transported to the neurosecretory terminals of the neurons where they are released. The arcuate neurons do form part of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system. Their release from the neurosecretory terminals occur in a pulsatile fashion and it thus follows that growth hormone (GH) release also occurs in a corresponding pulsatile fashion. GHRH binds to a secretin-type G-protein coupled serpentine receptor called the GHRH-receptor (GHRHR). Binding causes the receptor to activate both the cAMP (cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate)-dependent pathway and the phospholipase C (PLC) pathway. The terminal downstream actions of the cAMP-dependent pathway do upregulate the transcription of both the GH and GHRHR genes thereby providing a positive feedback loop that amplifies the production of GH. The GH produced is thereafter packaged in secretory vesicles. The downstream actions of the PLC pathway results in both Na+-voltage-dependent and Ca2+-dependent fusion of the secretory vesicles with the plasma membrane thereby releasing GH into the bloodstream.
The actions of GH ensure an optimal well-regulated post-natal growth. GH also promotes efficient energy metabolism. Studies have also shown that GHRH directly promotes slow wave NREM (non-rapid eye movement) sleep, and thus GHRH insufficiency causes a reduction in the amount and intensity of slow wave NREM sleep which results in either insomnia or dysomnia (sleep disorders that causes sleep to lose its restorative capacity). Studies have also shown that GHRH inhibits the actions of somatostatin. Somatostatin is a polypeptide hormone that inhibits GH secretion from the adenohypophysis. Both GHRH and somatostatin are produced in the same neuron but they are released in alternation to each other thereby resulting in the pulsatile release of GH from the neuron.
Recent research has also shown that GHRH is also produced outside the hypothalamus by pancreatic cells, gastrointestinal tract epithelial cells and in some neoplastic cells. Clinical studies have also shown that the actions of Sermorelin are similar to the GHRH actions. Thus, Sermorelin has been used to diagnose deficiencies in GH secretions. Also, Sermorelin has been investigated for its therapeutic properties as the studies discussed below show.
Selected Studies:
The two studies reviewed hereafter have provided adequate and conclusive findings that sermorelin can be used clinically to promote growth and manage GHRH deficiency.
Sermorelin and growth hormone (GH) deficiency.
In 1999, a study entitled "Sermorelin: a review of its use in the diagnosis and treatment of children with idiopathic growth hormone deficiency" was authored by Aitabh Prakash and Karen Goa and published in the journal Biodrugs. The aim of this study was to investigate whether sermorelin injection stimulates GH secretion from the adenohypophysis. The subjects of this study included adults and pre-pubertal children (both normal and those suffering from GH deficiency). The subjects were randomly divided into two groups with one group receiving intravenous sermorelin injection and the other group receiving subcutaneous sermorelin injection.
The results obtained from both groups showed that Sermorelin was able to rapidly diagnose GH insufficiency in children affected by GH deficiency (p < 0.05). The p<0.05 is a measure of statistical significance, and the value 0.05 shows that the results are statistically significant. However, the diagnosis could only isolate GH insufficiency caused by GHRH deficiency. The results also revealed that subcutaneous sermorelin injection did cause a significant increase in height in children suffering from idiopathic GH deficiency, and that this acceleration in growth rate could be maintained consistently for 36 months. Likewise, the results also revealed that both Sermorelin administrations were well tolerated with the only observable adverse effects being injection-site pain and transient facial flushing.
In summary, the findings of this study show that sermorelin stimulates GH secretion from the adenohypophysis. Also, intravenous sermorelin can be used to diagnose some cases of GH deficiency, and subcutaneous sermorelin can be used to manage GH insufficiency.
Sermolelin and growth acceleration in a chronic disease state.
In 1996, Pasqualini et al conducted a study that was published under the title "Growth acceleration in children with chronic renal failure treated with growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)" in the journal Medicina. The subjects involved in this study were 9 children aged between 1 to 14 years old. They all suffered from chronic renal failure (CRF). The aim of this study was to investigate whether subcutaneous Sermorelin causes growth increase in children ailing from CRF. The subjects were categorized into 3 groups, the first group comprised of 3 children on conservative management, the second group comprised of 3 children on dialysis and the last group comprised 3 children who had undergone renal transplantation. Each of the three groups was administered with subcutaneous Sermorelin acetate (Geref ®) for a period of 3-6 months.
The results showed that the mean serum creatinine and urea levels remained stable in all the subjects except for two children on conservative management who showed an increase in their serum creatinine levels. The results also revealed that the rate of height increase in 5 of the subjects (3 on conservative management, one on dialysis and the other had undergone transplantation) averaged about 4.2cm/year (p < 0.05). Also, Geref® caused a higher peak in GH response among growth non-responders as compared to the growth responders (p < 0.05). The results obtained in this study do show that non-responders suffered from GH-resistance as demonstrated by the fact that they had high levels of GH but their growth was still stunted.
In summary, the findings of this study show that sermorelin does increase the rate of growth in GH-responsive CRF children, though it has no appreciable effect on the course of the CRF.
In conclusion, the above two studies show that Sermorelin can be used in research to diagnose cases of GH deficiency, stimulates GH secretion from the adenohypophysis, manage GH insufficiency and increase the rate of growth in GH-responsive CRF children.
The Sermorelin Acetate Peptide and HGH
Sermorelin Acetate, which shares similar structure to CJC-1295, is a bio-identical synthetic hormone that is extremely effective in increasing the amount of HGH. Human Growth Hormone is a hormone released by the body that controls the reproduction and growth of the cells and each of the organs in the body. At a young age, the body's HGH production is most active while the growth rate is at its highest point. After the age of 30, for every decade of life, there is a 14% reduction in HGH production . By the age of 40, HGH production is about 40 percent of what it was at the age of 20. With the further development of Growth Hormone Releasing Factors (GHRF), such as Modified GRF 1-29, HGH production may possibly begin again by stimulating the pituitary gland.
Sermorelin Acetate and Related Research
Since 1980, scientists have been studying GHRH for many years. Dr. D. Rudman was testing Sermorelin as a tool for anti-aging processes and Dr. William Wehrenberg was looking at different peptides and particularly GHRH to identify which part of it is needed for pituitary gland stimulating response. His results after eliminating single amino acids showed that 29-acid-chains were held responsible for pituitary stimulation. Many research studies have concluded that Sermorelin is a well tolerated analogue of GHRH. As a result, this is suitable for use as a provocative test of growth hormone deficiency (Prakash and Goa 1999). In 1999, both researchers, Goa and Prakash checked Sermorelin Growth Hormone as provocative tasting method for deficiency of endogenous G-hormone. Sermorelin therapy increased the volume of hormone secreted by the stimulated pituitary gland, which is later converted by the liver into IGF-1. The increased amount of IGF-1 in the blood stream leads to many benefits from the use of Sermorelin: increasing metabolism and growth of new cells within the body's organs and bones.
Mixing and our recommended dosage
You inject 2ml water into the vial of Sermorelin from the water vial. 1 full syringe is 1ml. You then wait for the vial powder content to dissolve ON ITS OWN. DO NOT SHAKE THE VIAL TO MIX POWDER. Once dissolved and clear in colour you draw out 0.3 on the syringe each night before bed and inject it into the tummy under the skin into the fatty skin layer. A vial should last 7 days.
This product 4x Sermorelin 2MG is on special. Purchase your 4x Sermorelin 2MG today !
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4x MGF 2MG – $71.26


text:
Farmers block traffic on Hoshiarpur-Chandigarh road
Hoshiarpur, Jan 4 (PTI) Members of various farmer and labour organisations on Monday blocked the traffic on the Hoshiarpur-Chandigarh road, protesting the registration of a case against some people who allegedly unloaded cow dung in front of BJP leader Tikshan Sud's residence a few days ago.
Protesters demanded the withdrawal of the case, saying police had registered a 'false' case.
The call for the protest was given by the Joint Kisan Morcha.
The protesters, led by farmer leaders Gurpal Singh Mali, Satnam Singh Sahni and Kuldip Singh Raipur, staged a dharna in front of the district administrative complex and blocked the traffic on the road for over four hours.
The authorities concerned had to divert the traffic. They said the case was "politically motivated".
The protesters also raised slogans against the Union government for not accepting farmers' demands, including a repeal of the three farm laws.
Several persons were booked under different provisions, including Section 307 (attempt to murder) of the IPC by police, they said.
Some people, believed to be farmers, had unloaded a dung-laden trolley in front of the main gate of the residence of former Punjab minister Tikshan Sud in Hoshiarpur on Friday. PTI CORR CHS VSD RDK RDK