Two "Parlours" now sit side-by-side on Hester Street.
The Macaron Parlour, the popular bakery founded by Simon Tung and Christina Ha, recently relocated from St. Mark's Place to 44 Hester Street, the OG headquarters of Hood by Air. (The latter business is now located a few blocks north on Ludlow Street.) Tung and Ha decided to move the bakery from the East Village to a space right alongside their other local hit, the Meow Parlour.
The kitchen is already up and running, apparently. A few days ago, we saw a bunch of pastry chefs running crates of macarons down the block. No word just yet on the official opening, though.
We are so pleased to announce that we are moving our East Village shop to the Lower East Side. Yesterday was our last day of operation in our East Village location. Our new address will be 44 Hester St., right beside our sister company Meow Parlour. We will be opening sometime next week (TBA) once we've settled in. In the meantime, you can find our treats in our UWS shop or the Meow Parlour Bakery.


I picked up the book Is That a Fish in Your Ear? because of the title at a time when being told what to read for school was making me not really want to read at all. It was the first book that I ever underlined bits of- just because there were so many ideas and examples that were so interesting that they made me want to share them with other people or come back to them another time. The question Bellos' book addresses is, essentially, what is translation, and how do we do it? Obviously I've never studied translation except for language exams (so I knew it wasn't simple!) and I don't study translation now, but this book probably helped my application and confidence in what I wanted to study more than any history book.
So why is a book about translation so fascinating, funny, and relevant? Other than the fact that it's so easy to engage with, I think the answer is in the enormously rich use of anecdotes, examples and discussions of things that I would never have considered significant or amazing. For example, how would you subtitle a film to a non-western language where it is the interaction between the multiple languages spoken that conveys meaning quickly, rather than the words themselves- such as in the "Good Luck" scene (German, French and English) in The Great Escape? Why would intellectuals make an effort to incorporate foreign words into their own language, such as German speakers did in the nineteenth century? How would you translate "white as snow" to a culture that has never seen snow? What does the phrase "literal meaning" tell us about the historical power of written language? "Literal" comes from the Latin for letter- and a letter on its own doesn't actually mean anything without other letters- so "literal meaning" is oxymoronic nonsense.
Translation seems to incorporate and influence so much across so many disciplines, and I think that this is a major reason I found this book so fascinating. It made interactions and connections where I'd never seen them before and made the subject of history- or of anything- seem limitless because of the capacity to look at it in so many different ways, rather than just in terms, for example, of a period like "the Tudors" or even a broader idea like "revolutions". When I started reading this I wasn't even completely sure what subject I wanted to study and couldn't work out where to start with reading "history books". This book encouraged me to think about what I loved to learn about and gave me a new way of thinking across subjects in a way that wasn't restricted to A level teaching boundaries. I still dip into this book when I'm looking for either for inspiration or just something light to enjoy- amazing in a non-fiction book!


Expected variability and errors exist with potassium blood tests, even when conditions are optimized" Friedman et al (2018).
OBJECTIVE: To understand the performance of a currently used clinical blood test with regard to the frequency and size of variation of the results.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: From November 29, 2012, through November 29, 2013, patients were recruited at 65 sites as part of a previously reported clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01737697). Eligible outpatients who had been fasting for at least 8 hours underwent venous phlebotomy at baseline, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes to measure plasma potassium levels in whole blood using a point-of-care device (i-STAT, Abbott Laboratories). We analyzed the results to assess their variability and frequency of pseudohyperkalemia and pseudonormokalemia.
RESULTS: A total of 1170 patients were included in this study. Absolute differences between pairs of measurements from different time points ranged from 0 to 2.5 mmol/L, with a mean difference of 0.26 mmol/L. The mean percentage differences were approximately 5% with an SD of 5%. Approximately 12% of differences between repeated fasting potassium blood test results were above 0.5 mmol/L (33% of the normal range), and 20% of patients (234) had at least one difference greater than 0.5 mmol/L. In 44.0% of the patients with a hyperkalemic average value (true hyperkalemia) (302 of 686), at least one blood test result was in the normal range (pseudonormokalemia), and in 30.2% of the patients with a normal average value (146 of 484), at least one blood test result was elevated (pseudohyperkalemia).
CONCLUSION: Expected variability and errors exist with potassium blood tests, even when conditions are optimized. Pseudohyperkalemia and pseudonormokalemia are common, indicating a need for thoughtful clinical interpretation of unexpected test results.
Friedman, P.A., Scott, C.G., Bailey, K., Baumann, N.A., Albert, D., Attia, Z.I., Ladewig, D.J., Yasin, O., Dillon, J.J. and Singh, B. (2018) Errors of Classification With Potassium Blood Testing: The Variability and Repeatability of Critical Clinical Tests. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 93(5), p.566-572.


text:
Archives|Big Tires in Short Supply
Big Tires in Short Supply
By SIMON ROMERO APRIL 20, 2006
HOUSTON, April 19 - The worldwide thirst for stuff from the ground -- materials as diverse as copper and coal, gold and oil -- has set off a stunning boom in just about every commodity market. But there is one item that lately has dealers in the global mining industry really scrambling: the supersize tire.
Mining companies are complaining about a shortfall in the supply of the giant tires that go on large dump trucks and other heavy equipment. These outsize tires stand as tall as 12 feet tall and can spread 4 feet wide.
They are used prominently everywhere from the Canadian tar sands to open-air coal mines in the United States and China, but lately they have become almost as precious as gold and silver: prices have quadrupled for some of them in the last year to more than $40,000 a tire.
"This has never happened in the 35 years I've been in this business," said Michael Hickman, 63, who, together with his son, owns H & H Industries in Oak Hill, Ohio, one of the nation's largest retreaders of used mining tires.
"Right now the entire mining industry is going berserk, and we're feeding into it," said Mr. Hickman, whose company has tripled its work force to 160 in the last two years.
There are several reasons for the tire shortage. Demand is soaring, with greater needs by the military for the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and by construction firms rebuilding the hurricane-ravaged Gulf Coast.
But mining companies and tire manufacturers say the biggest reason is the rapid industrialization of China, India and other developing countries, which is expanding the appetite for basic commodities.
The outsize tires have historically been a specialty business, so there was rarely an abundance of production capacity. Making a large tire requires a curing process in which the tire is cooled in a mold, and that can take as long as 24 hours. Factories normally produce just two to three large tires a day.
And with existing factories already running flat out, there is little hope for much increase in the supply of new tires anytime soon. At Michelin, the French tire company, its large-tire manufacturing plants have been "saturated," according to Prashant Prabhu, its president for earthmover tires. He said all of the plants were operating at full capacity 24 hours a day, or near that level in countries where labor laws restricted flat-out production.
"Our customers are very upset," Mr. Prabhu said. "We cannot accommodate them at the rate they want."
Michelin, together with Goodyear of Akron, Ohio, and Bridgestone and Yokohama, both of Japan, rank among the largest manufacturers of heavy tires.
In many ways, the tire shortage both reflects the soaring commodities prices and contributes to it. The price of copper, which is used in electrical wiring and pipes, has climbed 45 percent this year, closing at $2.9595 a pound on Wednesday. Nickel, used to make stainless steel, is up 37 percent during the same period, while gold is up 23 percent and zinc is up 65 percent.
In an attempt to cash in on the commodities rally, mining companies have been reactivating old mines and expanding existing operations. But time and again, these firms have been stymied by a lack of available tires.
Some companies have been forced to idle their heavy equipment or alert investors of the impact of the tire shortage. For instance, Fording, one of Canada's largest coal producers, has repeatedly warned in recent months that the tire shortage could reduce its coal output. Production capacity at its mines in British Columbia and Alberta is 28 million tons a year, but output this year could fall to less than 25 million tons, company said.
Some newsletters in the mining and construction industries have speculated about the possibility of a black market or even outright thievery of heavy tires, but such talk appears premature. In the meantime, salvage firms are doing a thriving business in discarded tires and companies that retread tires are struggling to keep pace with demand, with used tires in some cases fetching higher prices than new tires.
Michelin is investing $85 million to expand its tire factory in Lexington, S.C., a move that will eventually expand production there by 50 percent. It is also building a new $550 million plant in Campo Grande, Brazil.
These moves and plant expansions by other tire manufacturers, however, will do little to ease the tire shortage until late 2008 or thereafter. The heavy equipment used to make the tires is relatively difficult to procure, which means that the earliest any new plants could be operating is more than two years from now.
Tire manufacturers were largely caught off guard by the surge in demand for heavy tires, which began to heat up in 2004 after several flat years in the industry. The largest companies say they have been hesitant to increase prices by larger amounts -- despite pleas from some mining companies for tires at almost any price -- out of concern for angering long-time customers.
Tire companies complain they are also squeezed by rising prices for raw materials, with natural rubber prices rising nearly sixfold, to about $2 a pound since 2002, the last weak period for heavy tire sales. High crude oil and natural gas prices are also adding a burden to tire companies, which use petroleum in large amounts to produce the carbon black needed for tire carcasses and threads.
"The larger the tire, the more difficult it is to source," said Shawn Rasey, executive sales director for off-the-road tires at Bridgestone North America. "I don't see the shockwave of demand peaking until 2009 or 2010."
Faced with such tight tire supplies, mining companies are doing everything they can to extend the life of their tires, which typically are made to last from 4,000 to 7,000 hours.
Phelps Dodge, the Phoenix-based company that produces commodities like copper and molybdenum, carefully monitors its trucks and heavy equipment to achieve the optimum life for its tires. This is especially important in the Arizona heat, according to Kenneth Vaughn, a spokesman, who explained how Phelps is even using truck simulators at its mines to train drivers in "hazard avoidance" techniques, like gently avoiding rocks on the road.
Some companies go even further, laying down a plastic covering, called geo-textile, on moist roads to provide a smoother ride. Newmont Mining of Denver has done that at its gold mines in Nevada, Indonesia and Peru, said Lee Krugerud, vice president of North American business affairs at Newmont.
Mr. Krugerud said Newmont has also been scouring other countries in an attempt to find alternate supplies of tires. Executives visited Belarus, where they found a manufacturer that still produces large, old-style "bias-ply" tires, which are less durable than the more popular radial tires. "We need to have a safety option, even though those tires won't last as long," said Mr. Krugerud. "The other option, parking our trucks, is not something we want to do."
Given the stress the commodities boom has unexpectedly created in an arcane area of the mining supply chain, some experts suggest that the tire shortage may keep prices higher longer than expected by limiting the ability of mining companies to meet the explosive demand for their products. But in the end, they say, there is little to worry about.
"This tire issue is, I believe, more a symptom of the mining industry's strength than its weakness," said Tibor Rozgonyi, head of the mining engineering department at the Colorado School of Mines. "It may be an acute concern at this moment, but the market has a way of taking care of these imbalances."
A version of this article appears in print on April 20, 2006, on Page C00001 of the National edition with the headline: Big Tires In Short Supply; A Struggle to Keep Equipment Going. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Home Videos "What The F— Is That Thing?": Fast Moving UFO Stuns U.S. Navy Pilots
"What The F— Is That Thing?": Fast Moving UFO Stuns U.S. Navy Pilots
Tyler Durden March 12, 2018 comments off
Stunning video captured by U.S. Navy pilots in 2015 shows a mysterious object with "no obvious wings or tails," and "no exhaust plume" traveling at a high rate of speed over the Atlantic Ocean "very low over the water."
The declassified Department of Defense (DoD) video was released by analytics firm The Stars Academy of Arts and Science – whose advisory committee includes former Clinton and Bush Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Intelligence, Christopher Mellon.
"What the f— is that thing?" shouts the pilot of a U.S. Navy F/A 18 Super Hornet equipped with a Raytheon AN/ASQ-228 Advanced Targeting Forward-Looking Infrared (ATFLIR) pod – one of the most advanced imaging devices in use by the military which can locate and designate targets at distances over 40nm.
The unidentified vehicle appears as a white oval shape moving at high speed from top right to lower left of the screen flying very low over the water. Initially, the sensor is unable to capture the object. The Weapon Systems Operator (WSO) steers the sensor ahead of the object to attempt another capture. On the third attempt, the sensor tracking capture is successful. The sensor is now in "autotrack" mode, where the sensor uses contrast and other parameters to lock-on to a target, automatically keeping it centered in the sensors viewing frame. –TTSA
Specifically noted by the TTSA;
There are no obvious wings or tails on the object. Even IR imagery of a cruise missile, would have visible wings at this range.
There is no exhaust plume from the object. An exhaust plume is clearly visible on conventional aircraft in the mid-wave infrared frequency used by the ATFLIR. Shown below is a mid-wave infrared image of a F-16 in flight. The sensor is in "white-hot" mode. Note that the length of the exhaust plume is nearly the length of the aircraft. The video from which this still was extracted makes it clear that the F-16 is subsonic, which means the throttle is at a low setting which creates relatively low exhaust temperatures and volume of exhaust gases. In a higher power setting, the exhaust plume would be much larger and brighter.
Is the Pentagon ignoring UFOs. Why?
After the New York Times offered the clearest official footage of a UFO encounter in history last December – along with a secret $22 million Pentagon program to analyze unidentified flying objects, it's been crickets from the media.
"the footage from a Navy F/A-18 Super Hornet showing an aircraft surrounded by some kind of glowing aura traveling at high speed and rotating as it moves. The Navy pilots can be heard trying to understand what they are seeing. "There's a whole fleet of them," one exclaims. Defense officials declined to release the location and date of the incident."
As former Clinton and Bush Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Intelligence, Christopher Mellon, writes in the Washington Post, the silence from the Pentagon in addressing what is clearly more advanced technology than what is publicly known – be it aliens or a foreign government – is deafening.
In December, the Defense Department declassified two videos documenting encounters between U.S. Navy F-18 fighters and unidentified aircraft. The first video captures multiple pilots observing and discussing a strange, hovering, egg-shaped craft, apparently one of a "fleet" of such objects, according to cockpit audio. The second shows a similar incident involving an F-18 attached to the USS Nimitz carrier battle group in 2004.
The videos, along with observations by pilots and radar operators, appear to provide evidence of the existence of aircraft far superior to anything possessed by the United States or its allies. Defense Department officials who analyze the relevant intelligence confirm more than a dozen such incidents off the East Coast alone since 2015. In another recent case, the Air Force launched F-15 fighters last October in a failed attempt to intercept an unidentified high-speed aircraft looping over the Pacific Northwest. –WaPo
"Is it possible that America has been technologically leap-frogged by Russia or China?" posits Mellon. "Or, as many people wondered after the videos were first published by the New York Times in December, might they be evidence of some alien civilization?"
"Unfortunately, we have no idea, because we aren't even seeking answers."
Mellon says that thanks to his years working in the Clinton and George W. Bush administrations that the military treats these incidents as isolated events rather than part of a pattern warranting investigation. Mellon's colleague, Luis Elizondo, "used to run a Pentagon intelligence program that examined evidence of "anomalous" aircraft, but he resigned last fall to protest government inattention to the growing body of empirical data."
Reports from separate services and agencies remain "largely ignored and unevaluated" says Mellon, who says there is no process at the Pentagon to analyze reports across agencies. Fox Mulder would shake his head…
Incredible feats
Mellon notes that there's ample evidence from official government sources of various unidentified craft performing mind-boggling aerobatics.
In one example, over the course of two weeks in November 2004, the USS Princeton, a guided-missile cruiser operating advanced naval radar, repeatedly detected unidentified aircraft operating in and around the Nimitz carrier battle group, which it was guarding off the coast of San Diego. In some cases, according to incident reports and interviews with military personnel, these vehicles descended from altitudes higher than 60,000 feet at supersonic speeds, only to suddenly stop and hover as low as 50 feet above the ocean. The United States possesses nothing capable of such feats.
On at least two occasions, F-18 fighters were guided to intercept these vehicles and were able to verify their location, appearance and performance. Notably, these encounters occurred in broad daylight and were independently monitored by radars aboard multiple ships and aircraft. According to naval aviators I have spoken with at length, the vehicles were roughly 45 feet long and white. Yet these mysterious aircraft easily sped away from and outmaneuvered America's front-line fighters without a discernible means of propulsion.
After speaking with senior Pentagon officials on the topic, Mellon notes "nobody wants to be "the alien guy" in the national security bureaucracy; nobody wants to be ridiculed or sidelined for drawing attention to the issue."
UFO parts sitting in Las Vegas?
Perhaps one of the most glazed over aspects of the New York Times' December piece on UFOs is that of a $22 million joint project between billionaire entrepreneur Robert Bigelow, who is currently working with NASA to produce spacecraft.
Bigelow is an associate of Harry Reid (D-NV, retired), who has long had an interest in space phenomena.
Robert Bigelow
On CBS's "60 Minutes" in May, Mr. Bigelow said he was "absolutely convinced" that aliens exist and that U.F.O.s have visited Earth. –NYT
Contracts obtained by The Times show a congressional appropriation of just under $22 million beginning in late 2008 through 2011. The money was used for management of the program, research and assessments of the threat posed by the objects.
The funding went to Mr. Bigelow's company, Bigelow Aerospace, which hired subcontractors and solicited research for the program.
And the kicker:
"Under Mr. Bigelow's direction, the company modified buildings in Las Vegas for the storage of metal alloys and other materials that Mr. Elizondo and program contractors said had been recovered from unidentified aerial phenomena."
"the storage of metal alloys and other materials… recovered from unidentified aerial phenomena"
Let that sink in…
Moreover: "Researchers also studied people who said they had experienced physical effects from encounters with the objects and examined them for any physiological changes. In addition, researchers spoke to military service members who had reported sightings of strange aircraft," reports the NYT.
"We're sort of in the position of what would happen if you gave Leonardo da Vinci a garage-door opener," said Harold E. Puthoff, an engineer who has conducted research on extrasensory perception for the C.I.A. and later worked as a contractor for the program. "First of all, he'd try to figure out what is this plastic stuff. He wouldn't know anything about the electromagnetic signals involved or its function."
For those who have long said "I want to believe" when it comes to UFOs, the U.S. military has released enough official footage in the last six months alone to make believing much easier.
VIDEO: Today's VIX Sonar Report
About the Author: Tyler Durden


The Indian Army welcomes keen aspirants for the engagement of 30 vacancies in the 27th Pre Final Year University Entry Scheme (UES) for Men Permanent Commission (July 2018). The unmarried Indian males are advised to apply online within the closing date of 8th September, 2018 by 5 pm.
Age Limit: The age of the applicant should be 18 to 24 years as on 1st July 2018. They should be born between 2nd July, 1994 and 1st July, 2000 (including both the dates).
f. The Government of India should issue a certificate in favor of the candidate belonging to the categories (b), (c), (d) and (e).
However, Certificate of eligibility will not be necessary in the case of candidates who are Gorkha subjects of Nepal.
Educational Qualification: Candidates should have successfully completed their Pre-Final of the Engineering Course in the relevant branch, from any accredited University or Institute.
a. Height and Weight: The height of the candidate should be atleast 157.5 cms with correlated weight. There is a relaxation of 5 cms in height in case of candidates belonging to the North East and hilly areas like Gorkhas, Nepalese, Assamese and Garhwalis. For candidates belonging to Lakshadeep, there is a relaxation of 2 cms in height and weight commensurate with reduced height.
b. Visual Standards: The minimum acceptable visual acuity are: Distant vision (corrected) better eye 6/6, worse 6/18, Myopia of not more than minus 3.5 including Astigmation.
c. Permanent Body Tattoos : Permanent body tattoos are only permitted on inner face of forearm i.e from inside of elbow to the wrist and on the reverse side of palm/back (dorsal) side of hand.
Medical Examination: The recommended candidates are required to undergo a medical examination by a Board of Service Medical Officers.
Received online applications of candidates will be forwarded to respective Command HQrs.
Preliminary Screening test will be held in respective Command HQ. Preliminary selection of prospective candidates studying in the Pre – Final Year (Engineering) will be made by selection teams detailed by Command HQ for holding preliminary interviews at University/ College.
Only shortlisted eligible candidates will be interviewed at Selection Centres, Allahabad (UP), Bhopal (MP), Bangalore (Karnataka) and Kapurthala (Punjab) by Psychologist, Group Testing Officer and Interviewing Officer.
The candidates will be put through two stages of selection procedure. Candidates who successfully qualifies stage – I are retained for stage – II, whereas the unsuccessful candidates will have to leave the interview venue.
Selected Pre-final year students would be granted Short Service Commission on probation from the date of their joining the final year class. (i) After successful completion of degree course the candidates finally selected will be admitted for Pre- Commission training at Indian Military Academy (IMA), Dehradun for a period of 12 months.


The company's 3,500 employees work in an environment that celebrates hacking and youthful exuberance.
Facebook has big responsibilities now that its shares are publicly traded, but its headquarters in Menlo Park, California, gives the impression that the company refuses to grow up. Employees glide around the campus on skateboard-like RipStiks and join each other for drinks and games when they're not in conference rooms whose very names reflect a disdain for convention.
A view of the lobby shows some of the art that decorates the headquarters.
A stairwell bearing the motto of Facebook's programmers.
An employee riding a RipStik.
A conference room named for a flavor of Ben & Jerry's ice cream, just because.
One of the many minibars in the offices.
A bike rack with a graffito.
One of the open workspaces found throughout the company.
A wall where employees can doodle in Legos.
Games in one of the employee lounges.
In this gallery, we show glimpses of the campus gathered during photo shoots for our recent cover story, "What Facebook Knows." We have applied an Instagram filter to each image, making use of the technology that Facebook bought with its largest acquisition to date.


Today Cody started back to school.
Yesterday we had a end of summer BBQ.
I took lots of pictures, it was a blast!
Days before the party, my husband and I stained our deck.
Nothing like a party to get some projects done right?
Bright dahlias from my parents garden in vintage honey jars.
I was really worried about our porky little puppy getting into the food, so we came up with the solution to elevate the food table with a wooden boat we own.
This worked out really well, as he could not reach any of it!
We grilled burgers and dogs and we had a variety of yummy salads, fruits, chips and beans.
And, of course, a huge dessert table!
I elevated this area here with a vintage suitcase, everything else rested on the wooden boat seats.
There was plenty of activities for the kids besides swimming and canoeing.
They even got their own table, way away from the adults!
and the new half pipe got a lot of use!
There was also a few games of croquet!
A tub full of extra suits~a must have when you live on the lake!
At the end of the day we were all dog tired.
The boat is such a great idea! I love changing of seasons parties.
I love the boat -everythign look beautiful!
Great ideas, love the pictures!!
Love the set up, looks like a perfect way to end the Summer!
How fun! And I love the food served in the boat! I want a cute boat just to use as a fun prop for parties!!!!
Sounds like a great party with lots to do. Love the buffet in the boat -pretty and a great way to keep your pup out!
Looks like a fabulous party. The boat is fantastic.
OMG! Perfection! LOVE love your staging with the boat and the dahlias....swoon! And most of all, made me miss my Lily, yellow lab who ALWAYS tried to help herself to the table! Great party - what fun!!!
How artistically gorgeous... Everything! Thanks for sharing, but how come I was not invited?
That BOAT!! Too clever, the perfect pairing of a fun get-together and amazing styling!! Great inspiration, Melaine!
It's a beautiful place where you live. The boat food display is amazing. We always play croquet at our BBQ's too! What fun you all had.
Looks like a wonderful outdoor gathering! Your flowers are absolutely beautiful and the boat/food table is darling! Thank you for sharing you sweet ideas!
Having a BBQ party is perfect after playing basketball. :) I'm glad your BBQ party was a blast, Melanie. This is a milestone for you and your husband.


text:
package control

import key "golang.org/x/mobile/event/key"

type KeyBinding uint8

const (
	KeyUnknown KeyBinding = iota
	KeyCamForward
	KeyCamReverse
	KeyCamLeft
	KeyCamRight
	KeyCamUp
	KeyCamDown
	KeyLineLeft
	KeyLineRight
	KeyCameraFollow
	KeyPause
	KeyReload
	KeyDebug
)

func DefaultBindings() Bindings {
	b := map[key.Code]KeyBinding{
		key.CodeW:          KeyCamForward,
		key.CodeS:          KeyCamReverse,
		key.CodeA:          KeyCamLeft,
		key.CodeD:          KeyCamRight,
		key.CodeQ:          KeyCamUp,
		key.CodeE:          KeyCamDown,
		key.CodeRightArrow: KeyLineRight,
		key.CodeLeftArrow:  KeyLineLeft,
		key.CodeF:          KeyCameraFollow,
		key.CodeSpacebar:   KeyPause,
		key.CodeR:          KeyReload,
		key.CodeBackslash:  KeyDebug,
	}
	return &bindings{
		bindings: b,
		on:       map[KeyBinding]func(KeyBinding){},
		pressed:  map[KeyBinding]bool{},
	}
}

type Bindings interface {
	Lookup(code key.Code) KeyBinding
	On(k KeyBinding, fn func(KeyBinding))
	Press(code key.Code)
	Pressed(k KeyBinding) bool
	Release(code key.Code)
}

type bindings struct {
	bindings map[key.Code]KeyBinding
	on       map[KeyBinding]func(KeyBinding)
	pressed  map[KeyBinding]bool
}

func (b *bindings) Lookup(code key.Code) KeyBinding {
	k, ok := b.bindings[code]
	if !ok {
		return KeyUnknown
	}
	return k
}

func (b *bindings) On(k KeyBinding, fn func(KeyBinding)) {
	b.on[k] = fn
}

func (b *bindings) Press(code key.Code) {
	key := b.Lookup(code)
	b.pressed[key] = true

	fn, ok := b.on[key]
	if ok {
		fn(key)
	}
}

func (b *bindings) Release(code key.Code) {
	key := b.Lookup(code)
	b.pressed[key] = false
}

func (b *bindings) Pressed(k KeyBinding) bool {
	p, ok := b.pressed[k]
	if ok {
		return p
	}
	return false
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Police confirm body found in car is missing Norfolk woman
By Gary A. Harki
The death of Jequil Holloway is being investigated as a homicide.
Chesapeake police have identified the body found Sunday inside a gray Nissan in South Norfolk as that of a 20-year-old Norfolk woman who disappeared a week ago.
Jequil Holloway was last seen Oct. 27 in a gray 2004 Nissan Altima with handicap Virginia plates in the Berkley/Campostella section of Norfolk, according to police.
The case is being investigated as a homicide.
Holloway went missing nearly six months after she was assaulted by 18-year-old Neal Bolden, according to court documents.
Bolden pleaded guilty to misdemeanor assault in the May 10 incident. A felony strangulation charge and one other charge were dropped because of insufficient evidence, according to a spokeswoman for the Norfolk Commonwealth's Attorney's Office.
Bolden was to serve 30 days in jail on weekends. He was ordered to have no hostile contact with Holloway and complete an anger management course by Dec. 18, according to court documents.
The documents state that he failed to serve all his weekends, and a violation of probation hearing is pending.
Bolden has now been charged with possession of a firearm by a felon, police spokesman Daniel Hudson said Monday. He was arraigned on that charge Tuesday and is being held in Norfolk City Jail without bond.
Ex-Norfolk sheriff Bob McCabe's lawyer asks for competency evaluation, says mental health has declined in...


text:
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US /
Ex-Baltimore Cop Indicted on Assault Charges After Viral Video
Arthur Williams resigned after Saturday's confrontation
Posted Aug 14, 2018 5:37 PM CDT
In a Wednesday, July 27, 2016, file photo, Baltimore State's Attorney Marilyn Mosby, right, holds a news conference near the site where Freddie Gray was arrested. (AP Photo/Steve Ruark, File)
(Newser) – A former Baltimore police officer was indicted on assault charges Tuesday after being recorded repeatedly punching a man in a street confrontation three days earlier in a video that went viral. Arthur Williams, who resigned a day after Saturday's confrontation, was charged with first- and second-degree assault, as well as misconduct in office, Baltimore State's Attorney Marilyn Mosby said at a news conference. Mosby declined to offer many details about the indictment, citing the ongoing case. But she said prosecutors considered a "great deal" of evidence beyond the video, the AP reports. "I can tell you that we don't just consider what you all have viewed, the viral video," Mosby said. "We consider a great deal more evidence, which is what we were able to present before the grand jury."
Williams is accused of assaulting Dashawn McGrier, 26. Both Williams and McGrier are black. Mosby said a warrant has been issued for Williams' arrest. She said the first-degree assault charge alleges Williams "intended to cause serious physical injury in the commission of the assault." McGrier suffered a fractured jaw and fractured ribs, according to his attorney, Warren Brown. A second officer who was present Saturday has been assigned to administrative duties. Mosby said a preliminary assessment of evidence indicates "that in light of his responsibilities at the scene there are no criminal charges that are appropriate" for the second officer, who has not been identified by police.
(Read more police brutality stories.)
Copyright 2022 Newser, LLC. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed. AP contributed to this report.


Design Burd Inc.Define Your Inner Fabulous | Design Burd Inc.
As Robin Baron says, Confidence begins at home and fabulous is unique to each of us so why not design something you love. At design burd we couldn't agree more, so working with Simplifying Fabulous was a clear match. Like our work with the RobinBaronDesign.com site we made design and content updates and overall WordPress fixes. A great site with some brand synergy.


text:
Kenny Chesney to Receive 2020 Humanitarian Award From Country Radio Broadcasters
by Jim Casey | @TheJimCasey | September 19, 2019
Kenny Chesney has been named the recipient of the 2020 Artist Humanitarian Award by the Country Radio Broadcasters (CRB) for his ongoing charitable work.
Notably, Kenny's Love for Love City Foundation helped spearhead the rebuilding of St. John after the devastation of Hurricanes Irma and Maria in 2017. In addition to humanitarian aid and working with local teams to facilitate clean-up and rebuilding, Kenny and his staff worked to rescue and relocate more than 2,000 displaced animals of St. Thomas and St. John. The proceeds from Kenny's 2018 album, Songs for the Saints—more than $1.1 million to date—benefited the Love for Love City Foundation.
Over the years, Kenny has also partnered with a number of charitable organizations, including MusiCares, the Red Cross, Farm Aid, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, ACM Lifting Lives, the CMA Foundation, Kids Wish Network and more.
"I was raised to lend a hand where I could, but also to reach out quietly and keep the focus on the people who need the help," says Kenny. "I've always tried to do the right thing where I could, but this award really belongs to all the people I've met over the years who are rebuilding their lives, their homes, their world. Watching them come together—the courage, the hours and strength they give to these things—my award is getting to be inspired by what these people have accomplished."
The CRB Artist Humanitarian Award was created in 1990 by the organization's board to honor country music artists who have exhibited exceptional humanitarian efforts during their career. Past recipients include Blake Shelton, Dierks Bentley, Lady Antebellum, Carrie Underwood, Rascal Flatts, Tim McGraw and Faith Hill, Trace Adkins, Randy Owen, Toby Keith, Brad Paisley, Brooks & Dunn, Reba, Vince Gill, Garth Brooks, Charlie Daniels and more.
Kenny will be presented with the award at Country Radio Seminar in Nashville on Feb. 19.
photo by AFF-USA.com
written by Jim Casey | @TheJimCasey | published September 19, 2019 9:56 AM
category: NCD News | related posts: Artist Humanitarian Award, Country Radio Broadcasters, CRB, Kenny Chesney
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text:
Q: Reading node based on condition from Multi-Level xml in Java I am working with the below XML structure and reading the GUID value from the Address node where UsageCode value is set as "STANDARD". The code was working fine but now AddressUsage segment is redefined as optional by the source system and thus UsageCode is not returned for all Address nodes in the XML.
<BusinessPartner>
   <ID>2494271</ID>
   <Address>
      <GUID>000d8a5c-8bc5-1eda-b8cc-53078a383c3f</GUID>
      <ValidityPeriod>
         <StartDate>2020-08-06</StartDate>
         <EndDate>9999-12-31</EndDate>
      </ValidityPeriod>
   </Address>
   <Address>
      <GUID>000d8a5c-8bc5-1eda-b8cc-53078a384c5f</GUID>
      <ValidityPeriod>
         <StartDate>2020-08-06</StartDate>
         <EndDate>9999-12-31</EndDate>
      </ValidityPeriod>
      <AddressUsage>
         <UsageCode>STANDARD</UsageCode>
      </AddressUsage>
   </Address>
</BusinessPartner>

The XML above can have multiple Address segments, and AddressUsage node is optional.
Due to missing AddressUsage node this code is now returning wrong GUID (from the first Address node).
Any suggestion how to fix this?
// Get Document Builder
DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();

// Build Document
Document document = builder.parse(new File("BPData2.xml"));

// Normalize the XML Structure;
document.getDocumentElement().normalize();

NodeList AddList = document.getElementsByTagName("AddressUsage");
for (int i = 0; i < AddList.getLength(); i++) {
    NodeList AddChildList = AddList.item(i).getChildNodes();
    for (int j = 0; j < AddChildList.getLength(); j++) {
        Node UsageChildNode = AddChildList.item(j);
        if ("UsageCode".equals(UsageChildNode.getNodeName()) &&
            "STANDARD".equals(AddChildList.item(j).getTextContent())) {
            NodeList AddUUID = document.getElementsByTagName("GUID");
            System.out.println(AddUUID.item(i).getTextContent());
            break;
        }
    }
}

A: UsageCode is the tag you are interested in, so get those elements, rather than AddressUsage. For each element, check that its text content is "STANDARD" and if it is, get the grandparent node – which is the Address element. Then iterate through the children of Address until you find GUID. Get the text content of GUID and you're done.
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

public class XmlPars2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
        try {
            DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
            Document document = builder.parse(new File("BPData2.xml"));
            document.getDocumentElement().normalize();
            NodeList usages = document.getElementsByTagName("UsageCode");
            int count = usages.getLength();
            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                Node n = usages.item(i);
                if ("STANDARD".equals(n.getTextContent())) {
                    Node parent = n.getParentNode();
                    Node grandparent = parent.getParentNode();
                    NodeList children = grandparent.getChildNodes();
                    int count2 = children.getLength();
                    for (int j = 0; j < count2; j++) {
                        Node target = children.item(j);
                        if ("GUID".equals(target.getNodeName())) {
                            System.out.println(target.getTextContent());
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        catch (IOException | ParserConfigurationException | SAXException x) {
            x.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

Note that the above code is based on the sample XML in your question.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Developing capacity in the land sector is central to the goals, objectives and activities of the Global Land Tool Network (GLTN), and we have embraced the idea of finding better ways to do it. We are actively engaged in integrating capacity development into everything we do. To guide us, we have formulated a comprehensive capacity development strategy, which is presented in this booklet.
The GLTN Capacity Development Strategy gives guidance on GLTN policy, operations and purpose. It provides the principles, strategic framework and operational guidelines needed to significantly gear up GLTN?s work at the global, regional and, in particular, country level. Ultimately, the strategy will enable the development of the capacity of partners and institutions, necessary to test and implement pro-poor and gender responsive land tools for the achievement of land and property rights for all.


"Complete revascularization" traditionally has been defined as alleviating all angiographically apparent coronary artery stenoses. For many years the dogma in interventional cardiology has been to achieve complete revascularization when performing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The impetus behind this teaching stems from early reports demonstrating improved outcomes after achieving complete revascularization with coronary artery bypass grafting (1). Improvements in interventional equipment and technique and, in particular, the advent of drug-eluting stents have all made it more attractive and easier to achieve complete revascularization with PCI, further solidifying it as one of our primary goals. This has occurred despite early reports suggesting that complete anatomic revascularization was important only when there was a large ischemic burden (2,3).
The importance of ischemia in predicting adverse cardiac outcomes has been known for some time (4). Relief of ischemia results in improved outcomes, whereas PCI of non–ischemia-producing lesions provides no additional benefit over medical therapy and might actually increase adverse events (5,6). Recent data are now leading to a paradigm shift away from our obsession with complete anatomic revascularization toward the realization that equivalent if not improved outcomes can be achieved with a functionally complete revascularization (i.e., stenting of ischemia-producing lesions and medical treatment of non–ischemia-producing ones). For example, the FAME (Fractional Flow Reserve versus Angiography for Multivessel Evaluation) Study showed that fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided PCI results in fewer stents being placed, yet outcomes are significantly improved (7). At 1 year, the rate of major adverse cardiac events was significantly reduced, and each individual component (death, myocardial infarction and the need for repeat revascularization) was reduced by 30% to 40% in patients randomized to FFR-guided PCI of their multivessel coronary disease, compared with those randomized to standard angiographic guidance.
Measuring FFR allows the interventionalist to identify stenoses that are responsible for ischemia and are likely to benefit most from PCI. Likewise, it identifies lesions that might appear significant angiographically but are not causing ischemia and therefore can be safely treated medically. In this way, the benefits of PCI are maximized, and its risks are minimized. In the FAME study, the patients randomized to angiography guidance had PCI performed on a significantly greater number of lesions, resulting in greater stent number and length. This difference not only exposed patients in this arm to greater risk at the time of the procedure but also to greater risk for restenosis and stent thrombosis manifesting as a higher rate of death, myocardial infarction, and the need for repeat revascularization at 1 year.
This potential downside to indiscriminate stenting is also highlighted in the current report by Shirai et al. (8) in this issue of JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions. In this evaluation of over 10,000 patients treated with sirolimus-eluting stents as part of the j-Cypher registry, the investigators found a significant correlation between stent length and the rates of target lesion revascularization, thrombosis, and death or myocardial infarction at 3-year follow-up. After adjusting for differences in baseline characteristics, the quartile of patients with the greatest total stent length continued to have increased rates of target lesion revascularization and thrombosis, although the rate of death and myocardial infarction was no longer significantly different. Interestingly, total stent length/lesion (as opposed to total stent length/patient) correlated only with increased target lesion revascularization and not with thrombosis, suggesting that deploying a slightly longer stent to make sure one covers the entire lesion is not as hazardous as placing another stent in a second lesion. This is different from other studies, which have found increasing rates of stent thrombosis with each additional millimeter of stent length, and it might be because stent thrombosis rates were very low in the present study in all groups, when evaluated on a per-lesion basis (9).
The strengths of this study include its size, the fact that patients were consecutively enrolled from a number of Japanese centers, and the relatively long-term follow-up. Some weaknesses include that, although patients were consecutively enrolled, a large number were excluded from this analysis because they were treated with bare-metal stents, other drug-eluting stents, or angioplasty in conjunction with a sirolimus-eluting stent. The study included only Japanese patients, and there was a large variability in the number of patients included from each of the participating centers, both of which might limit the applicability of these findings. We are never told the number of patients lost to follow-up in each group. Another main limitation of this study is inherent in its design as a registry; there were significant differences in baseline patient and lesion characteristics in those who had the greatest stent length, which might have contributed to the increased rate of adverse outcomes in this group, despite attempts to adjust for these variables. Finally, there seems to be an inflection point in the rates of target lesion revascularization at 6 months depicted in Figure 2A of Shirai et al. (8), which might be due to routine angiographic follow-up and which might exaggerate the differences in target lesion revascularization rates between the different stent lengths.
Another aspect of this study worth discussing is the rate of stent thrombosis reported in this cohort. It is not clear why the authors only reported rates of definite stent thrombosis, instead of including probable and possible stent thrombosis like they had in previous reports from this registry (10). At 3 years, the rate of definite stent thrombosis was approximately 1%. This is similar or somewhat lower than rates reported in other registries, and as the authors mention, it is significantly lower than the rate seen in the SYNTAX (Synergy between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery) study. The differences in rates of stent thrombosis might be explained not only by ethnic differences, as hypothesized by the authors, but also by use of different drug-eluting stents, differing definitions of stent thrombosis, and procedural differences (e.g., more routine use of intravascular ultrasound) in the current study (11–14). It is impressive that, even with this low overall rate of stent thrombosis, significant differences were seen in the rate of stent thrombosis, depending on the length of stent deployed.
The authors should be congratulated for compiling long-term follow-up in such a large number of patients after PCI with sirolimus-eluting stents. Their report adds to the published data demonstrating that event rates increase significantly with increasing stent length. As they suggest, a more judicious approach to PCI with the aim of achieving functionally complete revascularization and not necessarily complete anatomic revascularization could result in improved outcomes. Clearly, in some patients multiple and long stents are necessary, but this decision should be guided by relieving ischemia and not by the coronary angiogram alone. In other words, in the case of drug-eluting stent length, less is more … more or less.
(1981) Long-term results following coronary bypass operation: Importance of preoperative factors and complete revascularization. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 82:383–390.
(1992) Effect of completeness of revascularization on long-term outcome of patients with three-vessel disease undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery: A report from the Coronary Artery Surgery Study (CASS) Registry. Circulation 86:446–457.
(1992) PTCA in patients with stable angina pectoris and multivessel disease: is incomplete revascularization acceptable? Clin Cardiol 15:317–322.
(2010) Impact of multiple and long sirolimus-eluting stent implantation on three-year clinical outcomes in the j-Cypher registry. J Am Coll Cardiol Intv 3:180–188.


text:
'World's First' Global Vegan Documentary Series Currently In Production
The show is aimed at omnivores as well as vegans
Director James Hoot with health professionals Dr. James F Loomis, and Dr. Neal Barnard
A new five-part vegan documentary series covering the rise of the vegan movement from a global perspective is currently in production, due to be screened in Spring 2019.
Vegan Round the World: The Series will feature stories from all around the world, with the aim of 'completely reshaping the public's view of what it means to be vegan."
According to the Director James Hoot: "Vegans aren't a bunch of groveling hippies standing in the streets with no shoes on. The movement is made up of real, hardworking people who want to bring positive change to a world that desperately needs it."
The trailer is available to watch now
Well-known
According to the director, the series will include a number of prolific vegan and plant-based figures and organizations.
These include Dr. Michael Greger, Mercy for Animals, Dr. Neal Barnard, Anonymous for the Voiceless, and the Save Movement among others.
But as well as appeal to vegans with these well-known faces, the team wants its audience to appeal to omnivores too, saying: "And to all the non-vegans out there: don't worry. There will be plenty of fun for you too. This isn't a series about vegans for vegans. It's a series about vegans for everyone. If you've ever wondered how on earth they make 'vegan cheese' or what exactly B12 is supposed to do, you've come to the right place."
In order to help fund the remaining filming for 2018, the team has launched an international crowdfunding campaign.
Rewards on offer include 100 percent organic and sustainable t-shirts, virtual high-fives, early episode release access, and vegan cruise line tickets.
The organization has teamed up with Trees for the Future, a non-profit organization that plants trees in rural communities in Africa, to offset 100 percent of the carbon emissions created by the project.
You can find out more about the project on the crowdfunding page and Instagram


The Chief Minister's reply would be awaited with interest; but the charges against him are quite stiff and specific.
Orissa Legislative Assembly, on February 06, superseded its normal business to discuss the issue of the Kalinga Nagar massacre in which record number of 12 members of tribal community, threatened with displacement, were butchered and brutalized by the state machinery in order to help the Tatas grab their land.
The ghastly act occurred on the 2nd day of January, this year.
More than a month has elapsed. The Chief Minister has not yet thought it prudent or proper to pay a visit to the spot where aggrieved members of the tortured tribes have been awaiting justice. He has no guts to face the aggrieved, because he is guilty and his guilty consciousness doesn't permit him to visit the place, roared deputy Leader of Opposition, Narasingh Mishra, initiating the discussion.
Mishra insisted that Naveen Patnaik was personally involved with the crime against Kalinga Nagar tribes. There was a conspiracy to kill as many tribal people as possible to terrorize the opponents of arbitrary transfer of tribal land to private industries. Otherwise such a bloody annihilation of affected people could not have been carried out, he alleged.
Taking the House back to the background of the massacre, Mishra said, commission agents of private industries, from the ramparts of state administration, were in an acutely irritated mood since May 09, 2005, the day the tribes inhabiting Kalinga Nagar area, started opposing grabbing of their land by the Maharastra Seamless. That day was the beginning of a black chapter in annals of Orissa as the police force was charged upon the tribals like hound dogs determined to take them to task for their audacity to go against industry. A small child, abandoned by parents running away from the charging police, dehydrated to death on the spot as the Collector, the S.P. as well as other so many official functionaries present there did not bother for its rescue. The police raided the tribal habitations in the night and arrested 26 women in blatant violation of all legal norms and human rights, he reminded.
Oppression has been going on relentlessly since then, Mishra pointed out.
On 16 July 2005 residential houses of village Banshipur were affected by blast caused by Jindal. Police compelled the people to quit the village, but protected Jindal.
Similarly, on 17 October 2005, the police acted bluntly against the tribals when they opposed the construction of compound wall by the Tata group on the land under their possession. The tortured tribals, Mishra said, organized a rally at Bhubaneswar on 25 October 2005 to attract attention of the Chief Minister to their plight. It was surprising that the State greeted them by arresting one of their leaders concocting charges that he was involved in the agitation against Maharastra Seamless. The next day, i.e. on 26 October 05, the tribals surrounded the Kalinga Nagar Police Station in protest against continuous police atrocities. It did not fetch any result. Hence, on 22 November 2005, the tribals affected by the Tata project expressed their resentment afresh and demanded stoppage of the construction work by the said company till final settlement of their dispute. State government sided with the Tatas.
Embarrassed by the recalcitrant attitude of their own government, the tribal peoples of various places of Orissa congregated at Kalinga Nagar and expressed solidarity with their affected brethren on November 30. Were Navin Patnaik a responsible Chief Minister, Mishra said, the State Government could have asked Tata to stop construction in order to see that the tribes in hereditary possession of abysmally marginal land patches were not drastically disadvantaged.
Instead of protecting the poor tribals, the Chief Minister sided with the Tatas, alleged Mr. Mishra. He called the concerned District Collector and S.P. on December 24 and asked them to ensure that come what may, Tata must not face any obstacle. The Chief Secretary also had taken similar steps and the Collector having expressed anxiety over possibility of a show down, was rebuked in the conference of Collectors on December 30. The minutes of these two meetings should be placed before the Assembly for finding out the real culprit hiding behind the curtain, said Mr. Mishra.
Mishra alleged that in these two meetings, a stratagem was fixed to use State Force against the agitating tribals in such volume and ferocity that they shall be too terrorized to protest. And that is what happened on January 02, 06.
Quoting the then Collector, Mishra said, that the brutal action on this day was triggered by the orders of the higher-ups. Whose order the Collector had to carry out must be brought to records, he underlined.
Both the top officers of the district, the Collector and the S.P., had talked to unknown persons before and after the massacre. Mr. Mishra apprehended that they had talked to the Chief Minister. Their mobile phones need to be examined to know with whom had they talked, if justice is to be done, Mr. Mishra emphasized.
That a conspiracy was cooked up to kill the tribals is abundantly established by the very fact that on January 02, massive numbers of armed police was deployed at the Tata site. When the Tata concern had not filed any F.I.R., Mishra wanted the Chief Minister to explain, why did the police force in so massive size with abundant quantity of lethal weapons had been put on duty there and why the Collector and S.P. were present with executive magistrates?
The modus operandi was evidently malicious, Mishra roared.
Others have expressed their mind. But all attention is now addressed to what the CM shall say.


Hey, Brewtiful: Is Magic Hat really trying to sink West Sixth's battleship?
Is Magic Hat really trying to sink West Sixth's battleship?
I was interviewed recently for Austin L. Ray's "First Draft" series and said something about big beer not really being malicious, just out of touch, overeager, and seemingly disingenuous. But the recent hubbub over the Magic Hat lawsuit of West Sixth Brewing made me wonder if I had it wrong.
It's hard to know exactly where the truth lies between the story West Sixth Brewing has very publicly sold as a tale of bullying, and the one Magic Hat says is an exaggeration of the truth.
Back in the day (say, about seven years back) I spent many a "magical" afternoon over a pitcher of #9. As my palate has evolved (or is it the beer that's changed?) I moved on. Drinkable, sure. But not my first pick (or my second, or my third).
The similarities seemed pretty obvious. A simple inversion of the image suggests that the differences may not be so distinct. OK, so the West Sixth logo is off centered, a different color, and more simply designed overall, but turning it on it's head doesn't really solve the problem of copycatting in my book (and neither do their alternate sketches). For a design company, even one as widely solicited as Cricket Press to not only ignore those similarities, but continue to perpetuate them in their suggested alternatives, smacks of laziness, and suggests a lack of creativity.
Don't get me wrong. I'm already annoyed with the bad habits of bigger companies pushing around the little startups. It makes me want to hurl. Or at least write ranting blog posts that no one really reads. I get that the whole David and Goliath dynamic riles people up too. It feeds this feeling of justified outrage like nothing else. From the looks of my Facebook feed lately, I'm not the only one.
What really interests me, though, is that this is an issue of design. I'm willing to concede that maybe it's just a case of "great minds" thinking alike. After all, it's a label with a number on it. How different do you expect it to be? Surely stranger things have happened, like say, allowing Monsanto to patent a soybean.
My own ideas for a barrel-aged beer label weren't too far off from any of the one's pictured above, come to think of it. Which is pretty embarrassing. There's nothing much worse than realizing your ideas are unoriginal.
But where the differences lie are in the details. Although the underlying idea is the same (because who doesn't want a barrel on their barrel-aged beer?) the artistry is original enough to avoid looking like tinkered versions of someone's original. The font choices, placement of text, subtleties of toning, backgrounds, and overall uniqueness of other design elements, create an overall artistry and stylistic thumbprint that distinguish one from the other.
Would it be so difficult to choose another from the surely thousands of fonts available for the West Sixth logo to avoid the obvious similarities to Magic Hat's #9? The answer is, yes, actually. Because sixes do look pretty much just like inverted nines when you start looking at them, and with it touching the edge on the left-hand side of the circle like it does, other styles just look strange, or misplaced. They don't look integral to the design.
But if the compass is integral to the identity of the West Sixth brand, why not make it more of a main feature? Its placement, coloring, and design only emphasize the similarity to Magic Hat's label. And unless they're trying to evoke the six directions (including heaven and earth) by having a compass so near the numeral, does it really make sense? There are plenty of other inspirations out there for compass designs, some of which actually point west.
Ultimately, it seems like it would be easier to just rework the design than to give Magic Hat grounds for a lawsuit. You're welcome to disagree, but from where I stand, it seems like West Sixth Brewing ought to be worrying more about their beer than this beer label.


Black, blue or red Q32 Custom stamp (Diameter 14mm.) + 250 loyalty cards. Graphic design included. Delivery in 8-9 days.
Loyalty cards are perfect to create a relationship with your clients. Create profesional and attractive fidelity cards easily. Also, the laser engraved rubber of Xstamper stamps makes this stamp strong and durable for years of use. Makes approximately 5,000 impressions before re-inking is needed.


My name is PRAMOD KUMAR and I work in the Government Sector as an Teacher. I belong to a Upper Middle Class, Joint Family with Moderate Values. I have completed my B.Sc..
I am a clerk with a Bachelor's degree currently working in private sector in Kuwait . I come from an upper middle class, joint family background with traditional values.
I am a student and I am pursuing my Bachelor's degree. I am currently living in Nawada. I come from a middle class, nuclear family background with liberal values.
I am a sports professional with a Higher Secondary Education currently working in private sector in Nawada. I belong to an upper middle class, joint family with traditional values.
My name is Raju chaudhary. I have completed my B.Sc.. I grew up in a Middle Class, Nuclear family with Moderate.
I am employed in government Sector as a clerk with a Bachelor's degree. I currently live in Nawada. I belong to an upper middle class, joint family with orthodox values.
I'm successfully running a business. I belong to the Ahirwar caste and am looking for a match from the same community. To describe about my family, we are a nuclear family with strong traditional values. I reside in the beautiful city of Nawada.
I am self-employed with a Bachelor's degree currently living in Nawada. I come from a Middle class, Joint family background with Traditional values.


text:
Creating Lockdown Showreels for Arts Ed Drama School
Back in February – very much on a whim – I wrote a tweet offering to direct actors from afar. The idea being that, if for physical or financial reasons you couldn't commit to a full showreel, I could show you the way to film things by yourself.
The 'Experimental Solo Showreel Project' was, at the time, a piece of fun, but little did we know it would represent a shift in how showreels would be created for the coming months.
The premise was simple enough. Actors would create scenes that I had written – they would film them on their phones and I would direct them from afar. After that they would send me the footage and I would edit the final piece. This was socially distanced showreel making before it was legally our only option.
Weeks after this project, the world ended up in lockdown – and this style of filmmaking suddenly felt prescient.
The timing of lockdown meant that drama schools were in a predicament – unable to have their usual showcases but still needing to provide this opportunity to actors. In talking to Josh Parris and Stephen Hudson at Arts Ed, it became clear that this style of filmmaking could be exactly what the school needed.
Using Zoom, I had meetings with the 27 actors on the MA course at the school. I did what I have been doing for over a decade – getting to know actor's specific needs and casting types, and then I wrote bespoke pieces for each performer.
The essential thing for me with this project – was to elevate the craft from that of a self-tape. A self-tape is a valuable tool for the casting process – but when viewed by itself outside of its original context, they rarely hold your attenion.
The key to this project was to use cinematic techniques that would engage the audience. The little touches of 'record' buttons and 'live' streaming added an immediacy to the scenes; they felt like real moments the characters were in, rather than self-tapes where characters are performing against a blank wall.
This style of filmmaking suits me particularly well because – being a writer first and foremost, the ability to direct performers via email and on zoom enabled me to bring different parts of my skillset to the project. Being able to take the time to watch takes and then write out detailed feedback and direction was surprisingly joyful!
This filming style is very useful because it shows an actor's castability in a very direct way, and the filmic techniques and framing make it more engaging than a traditional audition tape.
The actors for the most part took to this process very well – the key block was enabling actors to trust that they could use the camera as an active part of the process. I was very keen for actors to handle the camera mid-scene, to make it feel natural. Also – because they are the only person on set, they have the job of framing themselves. If they were needed in close-up, they had to physically put themselves into close-up. The following scene is a good example of an actor utilising all of the space on screen. It should make you laugh, too.
To give you a sense of how I scripted these scenes, here is how the above scene was written.
For those of you who are interested in this style of filmmaking – whether working in collaboration with me or creating your own material, I recommend checking out my workshop 'Beyond the Self-Tape – Creating Dynamic Showreel Scenes', which you can watch below.
For further viewing:
Watch the full-set of Arts Ed Monologue Reels.
Learn more about my showreel work.
Email me at dj@danieljohnsonfilms.co.uk
10 Tips for Self-Tapes Actor Showreel Production from Scratch Showreels from Scratch Service during Covid 19 Creating Dynamic Showreel Scenes During a Lockdown


"Why the fascination with trains?" I am sometimes asked …"Fascination" being the polite word used, rather than the more derogatory "obsession" or "this rather unhealthy interest" which is what is really being asked, and seems to demand some sort of apology.
None of these attributions are accurate or fair. In my case I have been involved with railways all of my life. My father and grandfather were engine drivers, both of whom simply loved what they did, and this ensured that I would regard the railways as "a good thing". The sound of the railway working through the night, seeing and hearing passing trains with that characteristic smell of hot oil, smoke and steam were always part of the background of my growing up. Such things still attract my attention.
As someone who has refused to set foot on an aeroplane since 1973 and is not particularly fond of driving, trains, and where necessary ferries, are the obvious way to get around. There is nowhere in Europe or Asia that cannot be reached by train and ferry. Such a more pleasant, civilised, and nowadays lets not forget green, way to travel!
I do not share the general slightly patronising disdain felt towards train spotters who are after all, completely harmless. I stopped collecting engine numbers aged thirteen, about the same time as I began to notice girls, but trains were always and continue to be wonderful subjects for photography. This was particularly true of steam trains – a clear frosty day, lots of smoke and steam with a low sun…I am still looking for that shot..


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Motion of no confidence
(Redirected from Motion of Confidence)
A motion of no-confidence, alternatively vote of no confidence, or confidence motion, is a statement or vote about whether a person in a position of responsibility (government, managerial, etc.) is no longer deemed fit to hold that position, perhaps because they are inadequate in some respect, are failing to carry out obligations, or are making decisions that other members feel detrimental. As a parliamentary motion, it demonstrates to the head of state that the elected parliament no longer has confidence in (one or more members of) the appointed government. In some countries, if a no confidence motion is passed against an individual minister they have to resign along with the entire council of ministers.
A censure motion is different from a no-confidence motion. Depending on the constitution of the body concerned, "no confidence" may lead to dismissal of the Council of Ministers or other position-holders, whereas "censure" is meant to show disapproval and does not result in the resignation of ministers. The censure motion can be against an individual minister or a group of ministers, but depending on a country's constitution, a no-confidence motion may be more directed against the entire cabinet. Again, depending on the applicable rules, censure motions may need to state the reasons for the motion while no-confidence motions may not require reasons to be specified.
Parliamentary systemsEdit
There are a number of variations in this procedure between parliaments. In some countries a motion of no confidence can be directed at the government collectively or at any individual member, including the prime minister. In Spain, it is presented by the prime minister after consultation. Sometimes motions of no confidence are proposed even though they have no likelihood of passage, simply to pressure a government or to embarrass its own critics, who may for political reasons decide not to vote against it.
In many parliamentary democracies, there are strict time limits for no-confidence motions: they may only be allowed once every three, four or six months. Thus, the timing of a motion of no confidence is a matter of political judgement; a motion of no confidence on a relatively trivial matter may prove counterproductive if a more important issue suddenly arises which actually warrants a motion of no confidence, because such a motion cannot be proposed if one has been voted on recently. Sometimes, the government will choose to declare that one of its bills is a "motion of confidence" in order to prevent dissident members of their own party voting against it.
In the Australian Parliament, a motion of no confidence requires a majority of the members present in the House of Representatives to agree to it. The House of Representatives currently consists of 151 members; requiring 76 votes in favour of the motion when all members of the House are present. A straight vote of no confidence in a government, or a motion or amendment censuring a government, has never been successful in the House of Representatives.[1] Despite this, on eight occasions governments have either resigned or advised a dissolution following their defeat on other questions before the House.[1] The last time a government resigned after being defeated in the House came in October 1941, when the House rejected the budget of Arthur Fadden's minority government.
Specific motions of no confidence or censure motions against the Prime Minister, ministers, the Leader of the Opposition, Senators and leaders of political parties have been moved and have been successful on some occasions. Motions of no confidence against the government may be passed in the Senate, yet may have little or no impact in the House.[1]
CanadaEdit
In federal politics, a vote of non-confidence takes down the government, and votes of non-confidence may be asserted automatically if the House of Commons rejects the government's budget. Provincial governments may also fall if a motion of non-confidence is passed by the legislature or if the legislature fails to pass a confidence measure (e.g. the provincial budget).
In the consensus government system of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut, in which the premier is chosen among and by a vote of the members of the non-partisan legislature, a vote of no confidence removes the premier and cabinet from office and permits the members to elect a new premier.[2]
GermanyEdit
In Germany,[3] a vote of no confidence in the Federal Chancellor requires that the opposition, on the same ballot, propose a candidate of their own whom they want to be appointed as successor by the Federal President. Thus, a motion of no confidence can only be brought forward if there is a positive majority for the new candidate (this variation is called a constructive vote of no confidence). The idea was to prevent crises of the state such as those found near the end of the German Weimar Republic. Frequently, Chancellors were turned out of office without their successors having enough parliamentary support to govern. Unlike the British system, the Chancellor does not have to resign in response to the failure of a vote of confidence, provided it has been initiated by them and not by the parliamentary opposition, but rather may ask the President to call general elections – a request the President may or may not fulfill.
In India, a motion of no confidence can be introduced only in the Lok Sabha (the lower house of the Parliament of India). The motion is admitted for discussion when a minimum of 50 members of the house support the motion.[4] If the motion carries, the House debates and votes on the motion. If a majority of the members of the house vote in favour of the motion, the motion is passed and the Government is bound to vacate the office. Acharya Kripalani moved the first-ever no confidence motion on the floor of the Lok Sabha in August 1963, immediately after the disastrous India–China War.[5][6] As of July 2018, 27 no-confidence motions have been moved. Prime Minister Indira Gandhi faced the most number of no-confidence motions – 15 times, followed by Lal Bahadur Shastri and P. V. Narasimha Rao (thrice each), Morarji Desai (twice) and Jawaharlal Nehru, Rajiv Gandhi, Atal Bihari Vajpayee. All the no-confidence motions have been defeated except when Prime Minister Morarji Desai resigned during the discussions on 12 July 1979. The most recent no-confidence motion against the Narendra Modi government was accepted by the Lok Sabha speaker, but was defeated by 325-115.[7]
With the anti-defection law, the vote of no-confidence has no relevance left in case the majority party has an absolute majority in the House. If the majority party (with an absolute majority in the House) issues a whip to party members to vote in favour of the Government, then it is impossible to remove the Government by a no-confidence motion. Hence the no-confidence exercise of House merely becomes the no-confidence exercise of the Party.[8]
In Italy,[9] the government requires the support of both houses of Parliament. A vote of no confidence may be proposed if one tenth of the members of a single house sign the proposition and starting from three days before the appointed date, said vote can be brought into discussion. Following the case of Filippo Mancuso in 1995 and the subsequent Constitutional Court sentence in 1996,[10] it is possible to propose an individual vote of no confidence against a single minister instead of the whole government.
JapanEdit
Article 69 of the 1947 Constitution of Japan provides that "if the House of Representatives passes a non-confidence resolution, or rejects a confidence resolution, the Cabinet shall resign en masse, unless the House of Representatives is dissolved within ten (10) days".[11]
PakistanEdit
The Constitution of Pakistan has provision for a no-confidence motion in all constituents of the Electoral College of the state. The motions can target speakers and deputy speakers of provincial and national assemblies, the Prime Minister, chief ministers of provinces, as well as the Chairman and Deputy Chairman of Senate.[12] Before it can be put for vote on the pertinent house's floor, it needs to have the backing of at least 20% of the elected members in all cases except those moved against speakers or deputy speakers, in which case there is no minimum support limit. After being put to vote, the motion is only deemed successful once passed by a majority.[13]
In terms of history, the no-confidence has mostly been used in removing speakers and deputy speakers. Of the 11 times the motion has been invoked in the country's parliamentary history, 9 motions targeted these posts with 4 being effective.[14][13] An incumbent Prime Minister of Pakistan has only been subject to a no-confidence vote once, in November 1989, when Benazir Bhutto faced an ultimately unsuccessful motion moved by Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi.[15] The same is the case for a provincial chief minister, as the only instance of its use is the one moved against Chief Minister of Balochistan, Sanaullah Zehri in January 2018, which was successful as Zehri resigned before the vote could take place.[16]
On 7 August 2017, Speaker Baleka Mbete announced that she would permit a motion of no confidence in Jacob Zuma's government to proceed in the National Assembly via secret ballot. It was the eighth motion to be brought against Zuma in his presidency and the first to be held via secret ballot. After the vote was held the next day, the motion was defeated 198–177, with 25 abstentions.[17] Around 20 ANC MPs voted in favour of the measure.
SpainEdit
The Spanish Constitution of 1978 requires for motions of no confidence to be proposed by, at least, one-tenth of the Congress of Deputies—35 out of 350. Following the German model, votes of no confidence in Spain are constructive, so the motion must also include an alternative candidate for Prime Minister. For a motion of no confidence to be successful, it has to be carried by an absolute majority in the Congress of Deputies. A minimum period of five days must pass after the motion's registration before it can come up for a vote. Other parties are entitled to submit alternative motions within the first two days from the registration.[18]
" The Congress of Deputies may challenge Government policy by passing a motion of censure by an absolute majority of its members. The motion of censure must be proposed by at least one tenth of the Deputies, including a candidate for the office of President of the Government. The motion of censure may not be voted on until five days after it has been submitted. During the first two days of this period, alternative motions may be submitted. If the motion of censure is not passed by the Congress, its signatories may not submit another during the same session. "
— Article 113 of the Spanish Constitution[19]
Concurrently, the Prime Minister is barred from dissolving the Cortes Generales and calling a general election while a motion of no confidence is pending. If the motion is successful, the incumbent Prime Minister must resign. Per the Constitution, the replacement candidate named in the motion is automatically deemed to have the confidence of the Congress of Deputies and is immediately appointed as Prime Minister by the Monarch. If unsuccessful, the signatories of the motion may not submit another during the same session.[18][19]
SwedenEdit
No-confidence motions can be levelled against either the prime minister (on behalf of the entire government) or an individual lower-level minister. At least 35 members of parliament (MPs) have to support a proposal to initiate such a vote. A majority of MPs (175 members) must vote in favour of a declaration of no confidence for it to be successful. If an individual minister loses the confidence vote, he/she must resign. If the prime minister loses the no confidence vote, his/her entire government must also resign.[20] The parliamentary speaker may allow the ousted prime minister to head a transitional or caretaker government until parliament elects a new prime minister.
Under the principle of negative parliamentarism, a prime ministerial candidate nominated by the speaker does not need the confidence of a majority of MPs to be elected. However, a majority of MPs must not vote against the candidate, which renders prime ministerial votes similar to a no confidence vote. This means for a prime ministerial candidate to be successful in the parliamentary vote, he must have at least a total of 175 'yes' and/or 'abstain' votes. If a speaker fails four times to have his/her nominee elected, an extra election must be held within three months of the final vote.
United KingdomEdit
Further information: Motions of no confidence in the United Kingdom
Traditionally, in the Westminster system, the defeat of a supply bill (one that concerns the spending of money) is seen to automatically require the government to either resign or ask for a new election, much like a non-confidence vote. A government in a Westminster system that cannot spend money is hamstrung, also called loss of supply. When the upper house of a Westminster system country has the right to refuse supply, such as in Australia during the events of 1975, the convention is in a grey area as Westminster governments are not normally expected to maintain the confidence of the upper house.
Prior to 2011, in the British Parliament, a no-confidence motion generally first appeared as an early day motion although the vote on the Speech from the Throne also constituted a confidence motion.[21] However, under the Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011, only a motion explicitly resolving "That this House has no confidence in Her Majesty's Government" is treated as a motion of no confidence.
Semi-presidential systemsEdit
In semi-presidential systems, the legislature may occasionally pass motions of no confidence, which removes only the cabinet and prime minister, the legislature may also have the power to impeach an executive or judicial officer, with another institution or the legislature removing the officer from their office.
RussiaEdit
In the Russian Federation, the lower house of parliament (the State Duma) may by a simple majority (i.e. at least 226 votes out of 450) pass a motion of no confidence against the Government of Russia as a whole. In this case, the matter goes for consideration of the President, who may choose to dismiss the cabinet (which the President can do at any moment in time at his own discretion anyway) or just to ignore the Duma's decision. Should the Duma pass a second motion of no confidence against the same composition of the cabinet within three months, the President will be forced to make a concrete decision – to dismiss the government or to dissolve the Duma itself and call for new general elections. The State Duma may not be dissolved on these grounds if it was elected less than a year earlier, if it has already initiated impeachment proceedings against the President himself by bringing respective accusations, if less than six months is left until elections of the President, or if there is a state of emergency or martial law throughout the whole territory of Russian Federation. In the above-mentioned cases, the President would therefore be effectively forced to dismiss the Government.[citation needed]
FranceEdit
In France, the lower house of parliament (the French National Assembly) may by a simple majority vote pass a motion of no confidence against the Government of France as a whole. In this case, the Government is removed from power and the President of France has to appoint a new Prime Minister of France, who will have to form a new government.
See also: List of prime ministers defeated by votes of no confidence
The first motion of no confidence occurred in March 1782[citation needed] when, following news of the British defeat at Yorktown in the American Revolutionary War the previous October, the Parliament of Great Britain voted that they "can no longer repose confidence in the present ministers". Prime Minister Lord North responded by asking King George III to accept his resignation. This did not immediately create a constitutional convention. During the early 19th century, however, attempts by prime ministers, such as Robert Peel, to govern in the absence of a parliamentary majority proved unsuccessful, and by the mid-19th century, the power of a motion of no confidence to break a government was firmly established in the UK.
In the United Kingdom, 11 prime ministers have been defeated through a no-confidence motion. There have been only two such motions since 1925, in 1979 (against James Callaghan) and 2019 (against Theresa May).
In modern times, passage of a motion of no confidence is a relatively rare event in two-party democracies. In almost all cases, party discipline is sufficient to allow a majority party to defeat a motion of no confidence, and if faced with possible defections in the government party, the government is likely to change its policies rather than lose a vote of no confidence. The cases in which a motion of no confidence has passed are generally those in which the government party's slim majority has been eliminated by either by-elections or defections, such as the 1979 vote of no confidence in the Callaghan ministry in the UK which was carried by one vote, forcing a general election which was won by Margaret Thatcher's Conservative Party.
Motions of no confidence are far more common in multi-party systems in which a minority party must form a coalition government. This can mean that there have been many short-lived governments because the party structure allows small parties to defeat a government without means[clarification needed] to create a government. This has widely been regarded as the cause of instability for the French Fourth Republic and the German Weimar Republic. More recent examples have been in Italy between the 1950s and 1990s, Israel, and Japan.
To deal with this situation, the French placed a greater degree of executive power in the office of its President, who is immune from motions of no confidence, along with a two-round plurality voting system that makes easier the formation of stable majority governments.
In 2008, Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper, of the re-appointed minority government of Canada, requested that Governor-General Michaëlle Jean prorogue Parliament. The request was granted, and it allowed the Prime Minister to delay a potential vote on the non-confidence motion presented by the opposition. (See 2008–2009 Canadian parliamentary dispute.) Three years later, in 2011, Harper's minority government was defeated by a motion of non-confidence declaring the government to be in contempt of Parliament, leading to the election that year.
In 2013, during the Euromaidan pro-EU riots, the opposition in Ukraine called for a motion of no confidence against the Cabinet of Ministers and pro-Russian, Euroskeptic Prime Minister Mykola Azarov. At least 226 votes were needed to gain a majority in the Verkhovna Rada, Ukraine's parliament. However, it fell 40 votes short, and Azarov's government prevailed.[22]
On 1 June 2018, in Spain, the Government of Mariano Rajoy was ousted after a motion of no confidence passed 180–169 following the sentence of the Gürtel corruption scandal which involved the ruling party. Pedro Sánchez of the PSOE was sworn in as the new Prime Minister. This is the first time in Spanish history that a vote of no confidence has resulted in a change of government.[23][24]
On 25 September 2018, Prime Minister Stefan Löfven was ousted after losing a vote of no confidence in the Swedish Parliament. This took place in the aftermath of an election held on 9 September, in which the centre-left bloc led by Löfven's Social Democratic Party only won 144 seats in parliament, 31 seats short of an absolute majority and just one seat more than the opposition Alliance bloc. The Sweden Democrats, having just won 62 seats, also voted with the main opposition bloc to express no confidence in the government.[25]
Motions of no confidence in the United Kingdom
Constructive vote of no confidence
^ a b c Motions of no confidence and censure. House of Representatives Practice (6th ed.). Canberra: Parliament of Australia. Retrieved 15 July 2016.
^ (CBC)
^ German Constitution Official English Translation Article 67 - Vote of No Confidence
^ "Current Lok Sabha hasn't seen trust vote, no-confidence motion". The Times of India. 11 August 2013. Retrieved 9 December 2013. the move could not even take off as Banerjee's party failed to muster the support of even 506 members, the minimum required for bringing a no trust motion.
^ "Procedure regarding motion of no-confidence 9 December 2013". Archived from the original|archive-url= requires |url= (help) on 9 July 2012. Missing or empty |url= (help)
^ "Rules of confidence". 12 July 2008. Retrieved 9 December 2013. What happens if the prime minister loses a motion of confidence? In such a case, he is obliged to resign
^ "LS to witness 26th no-confidence motion in its history". The Times of India. Retrieved 20 March 2018.
^ Kumar, S (June 2017). "Threatening Indian democratic system: Case of Anti-Defection Law". The Voice.
^ Constitution of Italy. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
^ "Sentenza n. 7 del 1996". giurcost.org. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
^ Wikisource:Constitution of Japan
^ "Part III: The Federation of Pakistan: Chapter 3: The Federal Government". The Constitution of Pakistan.
^ a b "Three speakers removed by opposition in past". The News International. 19 December 2010.
^ "BA passes no-confidence motion against Aslam Bhootani". Dawn. 26 December 2012.
^ Burns, John (2 November 1989). "Bhutto Survives as No-Confidence Vote Falls Short". The New York Times.
^ Zafar, Muhammad (9 January 2018). "Balochistan CM Zehri quits to avoid no-trust vote". The Express Tribune.
^ a b "Qué hace falta para que la moción de censura a Rajoy salga adelante". eldiario.es (in Spanish). 25 May 2018. Retrieved 25 May 2018.
^ a b "The Spanish Constitution" (PDF). boe.es. Retrieved 25 May 2018.
^ "Examines the work of the Government". Sveriges Riksdag.
^ "House of Commons Factsheet M7: Parliamentary Elections" (PDF). House of Commons Information office. p. 3. Retrieved 23 March 2011.
^ Marson, James; Bendavid, Naftali (3 December 2013). "Ukraine Government Survives No-Confidence Vote". The Wall Street Journal.
^ "Mariano Rajoy: Spanish PM forced out of office". BBC News. 1 June 2018. Retrieved 15 June 2018.
^ Jones, Sam (1 June 2018). "Mariano Rajoy ousted as Spain's prime minister". The Guardian. Retrieved 15 June 2018.
^ Henley, John. "Swedish prime minister ousted after losing confidence vote". The Guardian. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Motion_of_no_confidence&oldid=905158450"


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History in Armenia
The first states arose on the Armenian Highlands as early as the second millennium BC. In the 9th century BC. the state of Urartu was formed here, which until the 6th century BC. was one of the strongest in Asia Minor. It was during this period of time that the ancient Armenian nationality was formed and the name "Armenia" appeared, it referred to the area stretching from the Kura River to the upper reaches of the Tigris, Euphrates and Lake Urmia. In the 6th century BC. this territory became part of Media, and later – the Persian Empire of the Achaemenids. In the 4th century BC. Persia was conquered by Alexander the Great, and after his death came under the control of the Seleucids. In 190 BC. The Seleucids were defeated by the Romans. Taking advantage of the unstable situation, the descendants of the ancient royal families created three independent states on the Armenian Highlands: Great Armenia, Lesser Armenia and Sophena. The greatest power was reached by Great Armenia, the center of which was in the Ararat valley. The state was ruled by the Artashesid dynasty, the most famous representative of which was Tigran II the Great (95-56 BC). Under Tigran II, the territory of Greater Armenia stretched from the Lesser Caucasus to the borders of Palestine. The favorable geographical position of the Armenian Highlands attracted many conquerors: Rome, Parthia, Persia, Byzantium and the Arab Caliphate fought for the right to possess these lands. Under the Romans in 301 AD. Christianity became the state religion of Armenia, it is worth noting that today the Armenian Apostolic Church is the oldest state church in the world. Check a2zdirectory for old history of Armenia.
In the 7th century AD Armenia became part of the Arab Caliphate and became a vassal kingdom, which was ruled by an Arab governor. With the weakening of Arab domination in the 9th-11th centuries, several kingdoms and principalities arose in Armenia, the strongest of which was the Bagratid kingdom of Ani. Then the Byzantines invaded the Armenian Highlands, followed by the Seljuk Turks and the Mongols. The invasion of the Mongols and the Seljuk Turks played a key role in the destruction of the Armenian state: numerous nomadic tribes of Central Asia settled in these places and by 1375 the state of Armenia was practically destroyed. Since that time, for more than 4 centuries, the Armenians were under the rule of the Turks and Persians.
Only in 1828 did the eastern part of Armenia become part of the Russian Empire. Western Armenia remained part of the Ottoman Empire. By the end of the 19th century, the persecution of Armenians began in the Turkish part of Armenia, the peak of the persecution came in 1915-1923, when the Turks accused the Armenians of being in alliance with the Russian Empire. During this time, which is known in history as the "Armenian Genocide", about one and a half million Armenians were killed. Today in Armenia, April 24, declared the Day of Remembrance of the Victims of the Genocide, is a national day of mourning.
In 1920, with the help of the Red Army troops, Western Armenia was conquered from Turkey, the newly united country was proclaimed the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic, which in 1922, together with Georgia and Azerbaijan, became part of the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. The Transcaucasian SFSR was annulled in 1936 and the Armenian SSR became part of the Soviet Union. Despite the fact that Armenia and Azerbaijan became allied states, their relations were not "friendly". Back in 1918, when an independent Azerbaijan was proclaimed, its government declared Nagorno-Karabakh, a historical region with a predominantly Armenian population, as part of its territory, and subsequently Azerbaijan was supported by the USSR in this matter. After the collapse of the USSR, when the former allied states declared their independence, the Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh also decided to secede from Azerbaijan. The main defender of Nagorno-Karabakh was the Republic of Armenia, whose independence was proclaimed on September 23, 1991. Since then, to this day, the dispute over the ownership of this territory has not been resolved. The long years of confrontation between Armenians and Azerbaijanis were marked by bloody hostilities, numerous terrorist attacks and mass pogroms, during which many people died. Today, de jure (literally "by law") Nagorno-Karabakh is part of Azerbaijan, and de facto (literally "in fact") is controlled by the unrecognized Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, which was recognized only by the Republic of Armenia.
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It's name speaks for itself really! It has all the excellent features of the original Scratch Map but is larger, with added islands, more intricate detail and more style! It's black background with copper foil covering looks sophisticated and slick on any wall and the bright colours of the map underneath look smashing against it's stylish backdrop. D. 82.5 x 59.4 cm.