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Mar 5, 2018 12:59PM EST
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text:
\section{Introduction}

{\it Entanglement} is a very special notion appearing only in quantum
mechanics, which had been considered as what causes ``spooky actions"
\cite{Einstein}.
However over these three decades it has gained a completely opposite impression,
mainly thanks to the fact that it plays a central role in quantum information
science \cite{Nielsen,Dowling&Milburn}.
A particularly important application of entanglement in our context is the
{\it quantum metrology} \cite{Braunstein,Giovanetti}.
Its basic formulation is depicted in Fig. \ref{Q metrology}.
The goal is to estimate an unknown parameter $\theta$ contained in the
system.
A standard estimation method is first to send a known input state and
then measure the output state containing the information about $\theta$
(Fig.~\ref{Q metrology} (a));
in this case the estimation error has a strict lower bound called the
{\it standard quantum limit (SQL)}.
In the quantum metrology schematic depicted in Fig.~\ref{Q metrology} (b),
on the other hand, an entangled state is chosen as an input and its one
portion interacts with the system while the other portion does not;
then by measuring the combined output fields, we obtain more information
about $\theta$ than the standard case (Fig.~\ref{Q metrology} (a)) and
thus can beat the SQL in the estimation error.
This schematic was experimentally demonstrated in several optical settings,
e.g. \cite{Steinberg,Takeuchi}.

What we learn from the quantum metrology theory is that, in a broad sense,
a quantum estimator could have better performance if assisted by entanglement.
Therefore it should be a reasonable idea to employ such an entanglement-assisted
estimator in the measurement-based quantum feedback control
\cite{WisemanBook,KurtBook}, which is now well established based on the
quantum filtering theory \cite{Belavkin1999,Bouten}.
Actually, if the quantum filter gains more information by constructing a similar
configuration depicted in Fig.~\ref{Q metrology}~(b), it is highly expected that
it offers a better estimate and as consequence a better control performance.
The idea of this {\it entanglement-assisted feedback control} is briefly mentioned
in the recent publication \cite{Genoni}, but in fact there have been no study
in the literature to examine how much it would be beneficial.

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=0.34]{Qmetrology}
\caption{\label{Q metrology}
(a) Standard setup for estimating an unknown parameter $\theta$.
(b) Quantum metrology setup using an entangled input.
}
\end{figure}

In this paper, for the purpose of evaluating the performance of the
entanglement-assisted feedback control, we conduct a case study
in the following setup.
We consider a general linear quantum system such as an optical cavity and
a large atomic ensemble \cite{BachorBook,James2008,Yamamoto2014},
in which case the filter is simplified to the quantum Kalman filter
\cite{Doherty1999a}.
The input is given by an optical entangled state generated by combining
a squeezed field and a coherent field \cite{Furusawa2011}.
The control goal is to minimize a quadratic-type cost function.
That is, we consider the quantum Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG)
optimal control problem;
fortunately, we can analytically solve this problem by almost the same
way as in the classical case \cite{Doherty1999b,Belavkin2008}.
A clear advantage of this formulation is that a strict lower bound of the
cost, which is achievable by employing the so-called {\it cheap control}
\cite{Seron}, is represented by a function of only the estimation error.
Hence the ultimate achievable limit of the LQG control cost can be
evaluated by only examining the filter.

Here we describe two important features of the proposed control configuration.
First, we explicitly take into account the amount of usable energy for
generating the input field;
this allows us to compare the performance of the entanglement-assisted
feedback control scheme to that of the standard method with a non-entangled
input state yet having the same amount of energy.
Second, the model contains an optical loss in the system's output channel.
In fact, for some systems such as a super-conductivity circuit, the system's
output field can easily get diminished along the output waveguide before
arriving at the detector.

Based on the above-mentioned formulation, we examine a numerical
simulation.
The system is a nano-mechanical oscillator
\cite{Hopkins,Genes,Milburn,Hamerly,Hofer 2015}, which is cast as an
important platform demonstrating several quantum information processing.
For those purposes it is necessary to reduce (i.e. {\it cool}) the energy of
the oscillator toward its motional ground state.
In fact we demonstrate that the entanglement-assisted feedback control
has effectiveness in this cooling problem, particularly when the system's
output field is lossy.

Finally, we note that the scheme presented in this paper differs from that
studied in the recent paper \cite{Hofer 2015}, which considers the use of
system's {\it internal} entanglement to enhance the cooling.

{\it Notation:}
$\Re, \Im$ denote the real and imaginary parts, respectively.
$I_n$: $n\times n$ identity matrix.
$O_n$: $n\times n$ zero matrix.
$0_{n\times m}$: $n\times m$ zero matrix.

\section{Quantum Kalman filtering and LQG control}

We here review the general theory of quantum Kalman filtering and LQG
optimal control.

\subsection{Quantum linear systems}

In this paper we deal with a linear quantum system, whose general form is
given as follows.
The system variables are collected in a vector of operators
$\hat x :=[\hat q_1, \hat p_1, \ldots, \hat q_n, \hat p_n]^\top$,
where the infinite-dimensional operators $\hat q_i$ and $\hat p_i$
have physical meanings of position and momentum.
They satisfy the canonical commutation relation (CCR)
$\hat q_i\hat p_j - \hat p_j \hat q_i=i\delta_{ij}$
(we set $\hbar =1$), which are summarized as
\[
   \hat x \hat x ^\top -(\hat x \hat x^\top )^\top
       = i {\rm diag}\{\sigma, \ldots, \sigma\},~~
   \sigma = \left[\begin{array}{cc}
               0 & 1 \\
               -1 & 0
            \end{array}\right].
\]
The system variables are governed by the linear dynamics
\begin{align}
\label{dynamics}
     d\hat x_t
       =A\hat x_t dt+Fu_tdt + B d\hat W_t,
\end{align}
where $u_t$ is a vector of classical (i.e. non-quantum) signal representing
the control input.
Further, we have an associated measurement signal:
\begin{align}
\label{output}
     d y_t = C\hat x_t dt + D d\hat W_t.
\end{align}

Equations \eqref{dynamics} and \eqref{output} have some special features
that do not appear in the classical case.
First, the noise term $\hat W_t$ is a vector of operators
$\hat W_t :=[\hat Q_1, \hat P_1, \ldots, \hat Q_m, \hat P_m]^\top$
that satisfies the following Ito rule:
$d\hat W_t d\hat W_t^\top=\Theta dt$.
(The mean is zero: $\mean{d\hat W_t}=0$.)
The correlation matrix $\Theta$ is $2m\times 2m$ block-diagonal
Hermitian, and their $j$th block matrix (i.e. the correlation matrix of
$\hat Q_j$ and $\hat P_j$) is in general written as
\begin{equation}
\label{quantum Ito rule}
    \Theta_j =
          \left[\begin{array}{cc}
               N_j+\Re(M_j)+1/2 & \Im(M_j)+i/2 \\
                 \Im(M_j)-i/2 & N_j-\Re(M_j)+1/2 \\
            \end{array}\right].
\end{equation}
The parameters $N_j\in{\mathbb R}$ and $M_j\in{\mathbb C}$ satisfy
$N_j(N_j+1)\geq |M_j|$.
Also note that $d\hat Q_j d\hat P_j - d\hat P_j d\hat Q_j=idt$.
Another feature is that, due to the CCR of $\hat x_t$, the system matrices of
Eqs.~\eqref{dynamics} and \eqref{output} have specific structure represented by
\begin{equation}
\label{general A and C matrices}
    A=\Sigma_n(G+\Sigma_n^\top B \Sigma_m B^\top \Sigma_n/2),~~~
    C=D\Sigma_m B^\top \Sigma_n.
\end{equation}
$\Sigma_n$ is the $2n$-dimensional block diagonal matrix defined by
$\Sigma_n:={\rm diag}\{\sigma, \ldots, \sigma\}$.
$G$ is $2n\times 2n$ real symmetric and $B$ is $2n \times 2m$ real;
they are determined by the system's Hamiltonian.
$D$ is an $\ell\times 2m$ real matrix satisfying $D\Sigma_m D^\top=0$.
$F$ does not have special structure.
For more details, see e.g. \cite{Yamamoto2014}.
Note that, when $B=0$, the output is simply a noise process
$d y_t = Dd\hat W_t$, implying that the dynamics must be subjected
to a noise if we want to gain some information about the system.

\subsection{Quantum Kalman filter}

Let us consider the situation where we want to estimate the system
variable $\hat x_t$ through the output signal $y_t$.
It is indeed possible that, thanks to the quantum filtering theory, we can
rigorously define the quantum conditional expectation
$\pi(\hat x_t):={\mathbb E}(\hat x_t|{\cal Y}_t)$, where ${\cal Y}_t$ is
the $\sigma$-algebra composed of the collection of $y_t$ up to time $t$.
Note that $\pi(\hat x_t)$ is a classical random variable and is the least
mean squared estimate of $\hat x_t$.
The recursive equation updating $\pi(\hat x_t)$ is given by the following
quantum Kalman filter:
\begin{eqnarray}
\label{linear-filter}
& & \hspace*{-2em}
     d\pi(\hat x_t) = A\pi(\hat x_t)dt + Fu_tdt
                      + K_t(dy_t  -C\pi(\hat x_t)dt),
\nonumber \\ & & \hspace*{-2em}
     K_t =(V_t C^\top + B\Re(\Theta)D^\top)(D\Re(\Theta) D^\top)^{-1},
\end{eqnarray}
with $\pi(\hat x_0)=\mean{\hat x_0}$.
Likewise the classical case, $d\bar{w}_t:=dy_t-C\pi(\hat{x}_t)dt$ represents the
innovation process.
Also $V_t$ is the error covariance matrix defined as
\[
    V_t:=\mean{
           \Delta\hat{x}_t\Delta\hat{x}_t^\top
         +(\Delta\hat{x}_t\Delta\hat{x}_t^\top)^\top}/2,~~
    \Delta\hat{x}_t:=\hat{x}_t-\pi(\hat x_t).
\]
$V_t$ evolves in time according to the following Riccati differential equation:
\begin{equation}
\label{riccati}
\hspace{0.5 em}
     \dot V_t = AV_t + V_tA^\top + B\Re(\Theta)B^\top
                        -K_t D\Re(\Theta) D^\top K_t^\top.
\end{equation}

\subsection{Quantum LQG control}

In the infinite horizon LQG control problem, we consider the following
cost function:
\begin{equation}
\label{cost function}
    J[u]
       = \lim_{T\rightarrow \infty}
          \frac{1}{T}
          \biggl \langle
           \int_0^T ({\hat x}_t^\top Q {\hat x}_t
                    +u_t^{\top}Ru_t )dt  \biggr \rangle,
\end{equation}
where $Q\geq 0$ and $R>0$ are weighting matrices.
The goal is to design the feedback control law of $u_t$ that minimizes the
cost \eqref{cost function}, i.e. $u^*={\rm arg}\min_u J[u]$.
Now the point is that, due to the tower property
$\mean{\hat x_t}=\mean{\pi(\hat{x}_t)}$, the cost function can be represented
in terms of the filter variable as
\begin{eqnarray}
\label{cost function rewritten}
& & \hspace*{-1em}
    J[u]
      = \lim_{T\rightarrow \infty}
          \frac{1}{T}
         \biggl \langle
           \int_0^T \Big( \pi(\hat{x}_t)^\top Q \pi(\hat{x}_t)
                       + u_t^\top Ru_t \Big)dt \biggr \rangle
\nonumber \\ & & \hspace*{5em}
     \mbox{}
           + {\rm Tr}\hspace{0.07cm}(QV_\infty).
\end{eqnarray}
The second term is constant, since $V_t$ does not depend on $u_t$.
Hence, our problem is to find $u_t$ minimizing the first term of
Eq.~\eqref{cost function rewritten} under the condition \eqref{linear-filter}.
This is exactly the classical LQG control problem, thus the solution is given by
\begin{eqnarray}
\label{optimal control}
& & \hspace*{-2em}
     u^*_t=-R^{-1}F^\top P_t\pi(\hat{x}_t),
\\ & & \hspace*{-2em}
\label{control riccati}
     \dot{P}_t+P_tA+A^\top P_t-P_tFR^{-1}F^\top P_t+Q=O.
\end{eqnarray}
Note that $u^*_t$ is a function of the optimal estimate $\pi(\hat x_t)$, implying
that we can design the optimal estimate and control separately;
this is called the separation principle as in the classical case.
The minimum value of the cost is given by
\begin{equation}
\label{min cost}
    J[u^*]
       = {\rm Tr}\hspace{0.07cm}(K_\infty D\Re(\Theta) D^\top K_\infty^\top P_\infty)
         + {\rm Tr}\hspace{0.07cm}(QV_\infty).
\end{equation}

\subsection{Lower bound of the minimum cost: The cheap control}

Let us take $R\rightarrow +0$ in the cost function \eqref{cost function};
this means that no penalty is imposed on the magnitude of the control input
$u_t$, and thus the resulting optimal control is called the cheap control.
Then, if the system is minimum phase and right invertible, the first term of
the minimum cost \eqref{min cost} can be arbitrarily made small by the
cheap control (see \cite{Seron}).
Thus, the strict lower bound of the minimum LQG cost is given by
\begin{equation}
\label{cheap cost}
     J^*[u^*] = {\rm Tr}\hspace{0.07cm}(QV_\infty).
\end{equation}
From Eq.~\eqref{cost function} this means that the stationary energy
$\mean{\hat x_\infty^\top Q \hat x_\infty}$ can be ultimately reduced,
by the ideal cheap control, to ${\rm Tr}\hspace{0.07cm}(QV_\infty)$, which is a function of only
the optimal estimation error and cannot be further suppressed by any control.

\section{Configuration of the entanglement-assisted feedback control}

The entanglement-assisted feedback control configuration considered in
this paper is depicted in Fig.~\ref{General setup}.
This model has the following special features.

(i) The system is linear and has a single input-output channel.

(ii) The entangled optical field is produced by combining a coherent squeezed
field $\hat W_1$ with fixed squeezing level $r$ and a coherent field
$\hat W_2$, at a beam splitter (BS1) with reflectivity $\beta_1^2$.
It is known that, for all $\beta_1\in(0,1)$, the output fields of BS1 are
entangled.
As shown in the figure, one portion of this entangled field couples with
the system, while the other portion does not and will be measured
directly.
We can change the entanglement level by tuning $\beta_1$, while maintaining
the total amount of energy for creating the squeezed state.
Hence we can conduct a fair comparison of the entanglement-assisted
method and the standard method without entanglement, given the same
amount of energy.
Note that the amplitude of $\hat W_1$ and $\hat W_2$ are changed
depending on $\beta_1$, so that each output field of BS1 has a constant
amplitude.

(iii) We assume that the system's output field is subjected to an optical loss,
which can be modeled by introducing a fictitious beam splitter with reflectivity
$\delta^2$; if $\delta=0$, then there is no optical loss.
$\hat W_3$ denotes the vacuum field coming into this fictitious beam splitter.
As consequence the overall system contains three input channels $\hat W_1$,
$\hat W_2$, and $\hat W_3$, implying that $m=3$ in the system equations
\eqref{dynamics} and \eqref{output}, and the correlation matrix
\eqref{quantum Ito rule} is now given by
\begin{eqnarray*}
& & \hspace*{0em}
        \Theta={\rm diag}\{\Theta_1, \Theta_2, \Theta_3\},
\\ & & \hspace*{0em}
        \Theta_1 = \frac{1}{2}
                \left[ \begin{array}{cc}
                   e^{-r} & i \\
                   -i & e^r \\
                \end{array} \right],~~~
       \Theta_2 = \Theta_3 = \frac{1}{2}I_2.
\end{eqnarray*}

(iv) The system's output field after subjected to the optical loss again meets
the other portion of the entangled input field, at the second beam splitter
(BS2) with reflectivity $\beta_2^2$.
Then the final output fields are measured by two Homodyne detectors with
phase $\theta_1$ and $\theta_2$, which generate two output signals
$y_1$ and $y_2$.
Note that, if $\beta_2=0$ or $\beta_2^2=1$, the two optical fields are not
combined at BS2 and are measured independently; this type of measurement
is called the local measurement.
In the other case $0<\beta_2^2<1$, it is called the global measurement.

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=0.34]{General_Setup}
\caption{\label{General setup}
General feedback control configuration for a linear system with the entangled
input field.
$\beta_1^2$, $\beta_2^2$, and $\delta^2$ represent the reflectivity of the beam
splitters.
($\delta$ represents the optical loss of the system's output field.)
$\theta_1$ and $\theta_2$ are the phases of Homodyne detectors.
The signal path from the controller to the system is not shown.
}
\end{figure}

The overall system dynamics realizing the above setup is given as follows.
First we use the fact that, for a general open linear system interacting with
a single optical field, the system-field coupling is represented by an operator
of the form $\hat L=c^\top\hat x$ with $c$ the $2n$-dimensional complex
vector, and this determines the $B$ matrix as follows (see e.g.
\cite{Yamamoto2014}).
That is, by defining the $2\times 2n$ real matrix
\begin{equation}
\label{def of Cs}
     \bar{C}_s=
         \sqrt{2}\left[ \begin{array}{cc}
                         \Re(c)^\top  \\
                         \Im(c)^\top  \\
                      \end{array} \right],
\end{equation}
we can specify the $B$ matrix in the following form:
\begin{equation}
\label{B matrix}
      B = [ \alpha_1\Sigma_n\bar{C}_s^\top\Sigma_1,
               \beta_1\Sigma_n\bar{C}_s^\top\Sigma_1,
               0_{2n\times 2} ],
\end{equation}
where $\alpha_1=\sqrt{1-\beta_1^2}$.
Then the $A$ matrix is determined by Eq.~\eqref{general A and C matrices},
where $G$ is determined from the system Hamiltonian of the form
$\hat H=\hat x^\top G \hat x/2$.
The $C$ matrix is also specified by Eq.~\eqref{general A and C matrices} and
is now given by
\begin{equation}
\label{C matrix}
     C = D\Sigma_3 B^\top \Sigma_n
        = D \left[ \begin{array}{c}
                   \alpha_1 \bar{C}_s \\
                   \beta_1 \bar{C}_s \\
                   0_{2\times 2n} \\
                \end{array} \right].
\end{equation}
Here $D$ is of the form
\[
     D = [D_1, D_2, O_2]T_2 T_L T_1,
\]
where
\[
    D_1 = \left[ \begin{array}{cc}
                   \cos\theta_1 & \sin\theta_1 \\
                   0 & 0 \\
               \end{array} \right],~~~
     D_2 = \left[ \begin{array}{cc}
                   0 & 0 \\
                   \cos\theta_2 & \sin\theta_2 \\
               \end{array} \right]
\]
and
\begin{eqnarray*}
& & \hspace*{-1em}
       T_k=\left[ \begin{array}{ccc}
                   \sqrt{1-\beta_k^2} I_2& \beta_k I_2 & O_2 \\
                   -\beta_k I_2& \sqrt{1-\beta_k^2} I_2 & O_2 \\
                   O_2 & O_2 & I_2 \\
                \end{array} \right]~~(k=1,2),
\\ & & \hspace*{-1em}
       T_L=\left[ \begin{array}{ccc}
                   \sqrt{1-\delta^2} I_2 & O_2 & \delta I_2  \\
                   O_2 & I_2 & O_2 \\
                   -\delta I_2 & O_2 & \sqrt{1-\delta^2} I_2  \\
                \end{array} \right].
\end{eqnarray*}
Note that $T_1$ and $T_2$ represent the scattering process at BS1 and BS2,
respectively.
Also $T_L$ corresponds to the optical loss in the system's output field.
$D_1$ and $D_2$ represent the Homodyne measurements with phase
$\theta_1$ and $\theta_2$, respectively.

\section{Cooling enhancement of mechanical oscillator
via entangled input field}

In this section we conduct a numerical simulation to demonstrate the
effectiveness of the proposed entanglement-assisted feedback control
scheme.

\subsection{System model and control goal}

The system of interest is a nano-mechanical oscillator connected to an
optical cavity shown in Fig.~\ref{Setup}.
Let $(\hat q_1, \hat p_1)$ be the position and momentum operators of the
oscillator, and $\hat a_2$ be the annihilation operator of the cavity.
The system Hamiltonian is given by
\[
     \hat H = \frac{\omega}{2}(\hat q_1^2 + \hat p_1^2)
                    + \frac{\Delta}{2}(\hat q_2^2 + \hat p_2^2)
                       - \lambda \hat q_1 \hat q_2,
\]
where the first and second terms represent the oscillator's and cavity's free
time evolution with frequency $\omega$ and $\Delta$, respectively (in the
rotating flame of the laser frequency).
Note $\hat q_2=(\hat a_2+\hat a_2^\dagger)/\sqrt{2}$ and
$\hat p_2=(\hat a_2-\hat a_2^\dagger)/\sqrt{2}i$.
The third term is the linearized radiation pressure force with strength
$|\lambda|$, representing the interaction between the oscillator and
the cavity
\footnote{
$\lambda$ depends on the amplitude of the input laser field into the cavity;
now, as mentioned in part (ii) of Section~III, the amplitude of
$\hat W_1$ and $\hat W_2$ are changed depending on $\beta_1$ so that
the amplitude of the input field into the cavity is kept constant.
}.
From the relation $\hat H = \hat x^\top G\hat x/2$ we have
\[
    G = \left[ \begin{array}{cc|cc}
             \omega & 0 & -\lambda & 0 \\
             0 & \omega & 0 &  0 \\ \hline
             -\lambda & 0 & \Delta & 0 \\
             0 & 0 & 0 & \Delta \\
           \end{array} \right].
\]
The system couples to the outer field at a partially reflective end-mirror
of the cavity, with strength $\kappa$;
the cavity-field coupling operator is then given by
\[
     \hat L = \sqrt{\kappa} \hat a_2
                 = \sqrt{\frac{\kappa}{2}}(\hat q_2 + i \hat p_2),
\]
which leads to $c=\sqrt{\kappa/2}[0,0,1,i]$.
Thus Eq.~\eqref{def of Cs} yields
\[
     \bar{C}_s
         = \sqrt{\kappa}
         \left[ \begin{array}{cc|cc}
             0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\
             0 & 0 & 0 & 1 \\
           \end{array} \right].
\]
This determines the system's $B$ and $C$ matrices from Eqs. \eqref{B matrix}
and \eqref{C matrix}, respectively, and the $A$ matrix from
Eq.~\eqref{general A and C matrices}.
In addition, we assume that the oscillator is subjected to a thermal environment
with its mean photon number $\bar{n}$.
This brings modification of some system matrices; particularly in our case we
need to change the $A$ matrix to $A-\gamma Q/2$ and the constant term
in the Ricatti equation~\eqref{riccati}, $B\Re(\Theta)B^\top$, to
$B\Re(\Theta)B^\top + \gamma(2\bar{n}+1)Q$, where $\gamma$ represents
the system-environment coupling strength and $Q={\rm diag}\{1, 1, 0, 0\}$.

Finally we assume that the oscillator can be directly controlled, for instance
by applying an auxiliary laser field, so that the system satisfies the conditions
for the cheap control; equivalently, we assume the existence of the matrix
$F$ satisfying those conditions.

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=0.34]{Setup}
\caption{\label{Setup}
Nano-mechanical oscillator coupled to the entangled field. }
\end{figure}

Our control goal is to cool the oscillator toward its motional ground state;
i.e., we want to minimize the stationary energy (more precisely, the effective
stationary excitation number) of the oscillator, which is defined by
\[
       E = (\mean{\hat q_{1,\infty}^2}+\mean{\hat p_{1,\infty}^2}-1)/2.
\]
As described in Sec.~II-D, this can be ultimately reduced, by the ideal cheap
control, to
\begin{equation}
\label{min energy}
      E_{\rm min}=({\rm Tr}\hspace{0.07cm}(QV_\infty)-1)/2,
\end{equation}
where $Q$ is the above-defined diagonal matrix and $V_\infty$ is the
stationary solution of the Riccati equation \eqref{riccati}.
In the simulation we evaluate Eq.~\eqref{min energy} with several parameters.

\subsection{Simulation result}

The system parameters are set to typical values found in the literature
(e.g. \cite{Hofer 2015});
in the unit of $\omega=1$, we take $\lambda=0.3$, $\kappa=4$
(bad cavity regime), and $\Delta=1$ (red detuned driving).
The oscillator is subjected to a thermal noise with mean photon number
$\bar{n}=1\times 10^5$ with coupling strength $\gamma=1\times 10^{-7}$,
implying that the oscillator has a high Q factor and is subjected to a very
low temperature environment.
The squeezed coherent field has squeezing level $r=2.3$ (10 dB squeezing),
which is enough achievable in the current technology.

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=0.3]{Simulation1}
\caption{\label{Sim Fig}
The achievable lowest energy of the oscillator, $E_{\rm min}$, versus the
reflectivity of BS1 in the case $\delta^2=0.9$.
The red solid line shows the case $\beta_2=0$ (local measurement),
while the black dotted line shows the case $\beta_2^2=0.2$ (global
measurement).
}
\end{figure}

Figure~\ref{Sim Fig} shows $E_{\rm min}$ as a function of the reflectivity of
the first beam splitter, $\beta_1^2$, in the case $\delta^2=0.9$;
that is, the system's output field is very lossy.
The reflectivity $\beta_1^2$ represents how much the squeezed light field
is split into two arms, which determines the amount of entanglement.
Note that when $\beta_1=0$ or $\beta_1^2=1$, the input light fields are
not entangled.
In particular, $\beta_1^2=1$ corresponds to the standard case where only
the coherent light field is injected to the system;
hence the value of $E_{\rm min}$ in this case has the meaning of SQL,
which is now $E_{\min}^{\rm SQL}\approx 0.72$ as indicated in the figure.
$E_{\rm min}$ is calculated by solving the Ricatti equation \eqref{riccati},
and further, it is minimized with respect to the phases of the two Homodyne
detectors (i.e. $\phi_1$ and $\phi_2$) at each $\beta_1$.
In the figure the red solid line and the black dotted line correspond to the
case $\beta_2=0$ (local measurement) and $\beta_2=0.2$ (global
measurement), respectively.
Notably, in both cases the minimum of $E_{\rm min}$ is attained at
around $\beta_1^2=0.65$, in which case the input field is entangled.
Hence the entanglement-assisted feedback method realizes further
cooling below the SQL.
Note that controlling with the local measurement ($\beta_2=0$) shows
better performance over the global one ($\beta_2^2=0.2$);
in fact in the simulation we found that the local measurement is the
best strategy to reduce the energy.
In general a global measurement has a meaning of ``quantum measurement"
in the sense that it can cause non-classical effects such as entanglement;
but in our scenario such quantum measurement is not useful.
Finally, we should remark that simply injecting the squeezed field into the
system without entanglement (i.e. $\beta_1=0$) is the worst case having
no benefit in cooling.

Next Fig.~\ref{Sim Fig 2} shows the case $\delta^2=0.1$, i.e. we assume
that the optical loss in the output channel is relatively small.
In this case, we found in the simulation that, for any choice of $\beta_2$,
the SQL ($\approx 0.1$) provides almost the lowest energy, as particularly
indicated by two lines corresponding to the cases $\beta_2=0$ and
$\beta_2^2=0.2$.
This fact states that, if the output channel is well fabricated and the
output field becomes nearly noiseless, entanglement does not help to
further reduce the energy.

As a summary, a clear advantage of the entanglement-assisted feedback
controller appears in the practical situation where the output field is lossy,
since even in such case the controller can gain a non-diminished yet still
informative output field through entanglement.

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=0.3]{Simulation2}
\caption{\label{Sim Fig 2}
The achievable lowest energy of the oscillator, $E_{\rm min}$, versus the
reflectivity of BS1 in the case $\delta^2=0.1$.
The red solid line shows the case $\beta_2=0$ (local measurement),
while the black dotted line shows the case $\beta_2^2=0.2$ (global
measurement).
}
\end{figure}

\section{Conclusion}

In this paper, we have formulated the entanglement-assisted feedback control
scheme for general linear quantum systems, which takes into account the
amount of resource entanglement, optimized local/global measurement,
system noise, and optical loss in the system's output channel.
The control performance is evaluated by the strict lower bound of LQG cost
function, which is achievable by the ideal cheap control.
In the numerical simulation studying the cooling problem of a nano-mechanical
oscillator, it was clarified that the scheme is indeed effective, compared to the
standard method that does not use entanglement, when the system output is
lossy.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
from __future__ import absolute_import
from blockcanvas.numerical_modeling.numeric_context.context_modified import *

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Squier announced this week that Biffy Clyro bassist James Johnston's signature Jazz Bass would be available worldwide in 2012. First announced in Fall of 2009, the instrument has thus far only been available only in Europe.
Johnston's signature axe is based on his personal Fender USA Jazz and has a basswood body finished in Lake Placid Blue with a matching headstock. The Scottish bassist's signature is found on the back of the headstock, while the Biffy Clyro logo is written on the front.
Other features include three-ply mint green pickguard, a pair of custom single-coil Jazz pickups, and a HiMass bridge with brass barrel saddles.
The Squier James Johnston Jazz Bass is expected to be shipping worldwide in early 2012 with an MSRP of $549.99. Street prices aren't yet known. For more, visit the Squier website.
Some time ago, I was in a music store just to poke around. Immediately behind me but out of line of sight I heard some real serious playing which had some tremendous sound. I went to look and saw a younger guy playing sort of a combination of Jaco licks but with some slapping in and out. The bass? A Squier Jazz. My point? People walk away from little gems because of what it says on the headstock. Immediate prejudice. Some believe that if it doesn't say Gibson, Fender or whatever it ain't worth it. Pick it up. Play it and be amazed at what some of these supposed 'non-brand names' can do. If you can play, stay in the pocket and say what you want to say with your hands, you'll be amazed at the gems out there! I'd buy and play a Squier Jazz in a hot second. I know what this instrument can sound like.
Back in 2012 I bought the Standard Fender Jazz bass MIM exactly like this Squire but a maple neck , it's been a good bass but for the price the Squier looks better, I paid $599.
I wish the fretboard was a little wider.


When the Board asks parties for submissions, it is asking for each party to provide written reasons for its position in the matter at hand, including documentary evidence. There is no standardized form for submissions, each party should write a letter or email explaining their position in their own words (or the words of their representative). Depending on how complicated the issue is, the Board may either make a decision based on the submissions alone, or it may proceed to another process, such as a pre-hearing dispute resolution conference.
When the matter at hand is complicated, the parties may decide to seek independent legal advice, even at the submissions stage. The landowner or occupant may request the Board to order their legal costs to be covered by the operator, as per Rule 31 of the Surface Rights Board Rules.
If the application at hand has any errors, such as an outdated list of respondents or outdated land description, say so in the submissions. If the history of the land is complicated, give a background of who had an interest in what and when.
If you believe that the person making the application did not meet all of the legal requirements for making that application, explain why.
If the application relates to an ongoing issue, give some background. How many times did you try to contact the other party to resolve the issue? What did they say?
For submissions relating to annual compensation, explain what circumstances have changed to require the compensation rate to be raised or lowered.
For submissions about applications for right of entry orders, explain what special circumstances exist on the land that are not covered by the Board's standard conditions or the conditions given by the AUC or AER. Remember that when the Board asks for submissions for right of entry applications, this is not the right time to make submissions about compensation; that comes later.
For applications for damages, explain what damages occurred and why they are or are not the fault of the operator.
If you believe that the matter is complicated enough to require an oral hearing, explain why.
You may include legal precedents—such as past decisions by the Board or the courts—to support your argument.


text:
Q: I want to set a single int to a single variable but i am getting 2 int from 1 variable in php Everyone
My issue is  want to set single string to a single variable but i am getting 2 strings from 1 variable in PHP
Here is my code I want to set a single int to a single variable.
include_once("colors.inc.php");

$ex=new GetMostCommonColors();
$path = '../functions/userProfiles/images/'.$imageName;
$colors=$ex->Get_Color( $path, $results, $brightness, $gradients, $delta);

foreach ( $colors as $hex => $count )
{
    if ( $count > 0 )
    {
        echo $hex;
    }
}

Output

00000 // First single int

60607 // second single int

Here is the output in the image

I just want this int to set in a single variable like this.
$int1 = first single int;
$int2 = second single int;

That's all how can I set a single int to a single variable.
Sorry for my bad English I am just confused.

A: I'm not 100% sure if i'm fully understand your question, but if you're trying to create variable names base off of the count you would do something like this
$index =0;
foreach ( $colors as $hex => $count )
{
    // Creating a name for the variable
    $variableName="Int$index";
    echo "\nVariableName: $variableName";

    // Assigning a value to that variable.
    $$variableName=$hex;
    echo "\n$variableName is: ".$$variableName;
    $index++;
}
echo "\n".$Int0;
echo "\n".$Int1;

The output should look something like this
VariableName: Int0
Int0 is: 00000
VariableName: Int1
Int1 is: 60607
00000
60607

If you're looking to get only one value from the method you called, the second parameter for Get_Color, should be set to 1 where $results is equal to the total number of results you want. I'm not too familiar with this method so I just did a quick web search to see what kind of value it takes and returns.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
SportsPosted at: Dec 2 2021 6:44PM
Hero ISL 2021-22 season creates history, reaches 50 goals in record 14 matches
Panaji, Dec 2 (UNI) The match between ATK Mohun Bagan and Mumbai City FC was a big one
for various reasons.
It was a re-match of last season's final and it pitted probably two of the strongest teams in the
Hero Indian Super League (ISL) against one another.
The 5-1 result in favour of Mumbai City FC was unexpected but not the number of goals that
were scored in the match. This season, it has rained goals in the Hero ISL and Wednesday's
match ensured a new record was set.
The Hero ISL 2021-22 saw its goal tally go past the 50-goal mark and it was achieved in record
With just 14 games into the league, the Hero ISL 2021-22 has been the quickest season to reach
the figure, beating the previous best of 19 games in the 2018-19 season. To put things in
perspective, the inaugural season took 21 matches to reach the 50 goal mark.
Constrastingly, it took 27 matches to reach 50 goals in the 2016 season, the most number of
matches needed to reach that figure whereas it took 24 matches for the 50th goal to arrive last campaign.
Matches taken to score 50 goals in every Hero ISL season so far:
2017-18: 19
Barring just a single goalless draw between NorthEast United FC and Kerala Blasters FC, this
season has witnessed a goal in every single match.
Current champions Mumbai City FC, and Odisha FC are the joint-toppers for the most goals
scored, nine apiece. The topscorer of the league is shared by these two teams as well, with Aridai Suarez (Odisha FC), Javier Hernandez (Odisha FC), and Igor Angulo (Mumbai City FC), all three scoring three goals each.
The match between SC East Bengal and Odisha FC that finished 6-4 in the latter's favour was
the highest-scoring game in the season and the second highest goalscoring match ever in the
history of the Hero ISL.
The Hero ISl 2021-22 season also had the highest goal tally after the first ten matches with 33
goals. And in the next four games that have followed, 21 more goals have been added to the tally.
The Hero ISL fans will hope that the trend continues and they are served with some cracking entertainment.
UNI BM
Tags: #Hero ISL 2021-22 season creates history#reaches 50 goals in record 14 matches
Odisha felicitates para athlete Kamal Kant Nayak
Bhubaneswar, Jan 17 (UNI) Odisha on Tuesday felicitated Para athlete Kamal Kant Nayak for setting
a new record by traveling 213 km in 24 hours in a wheelchair
Sports and Youth Services Department Commissioner-cum-Secretary R. Vineel Krishna felicitated Kamal Kant with Rs.1 lakh on the premises of Kalinga Hockey Stadium.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The NUCON® Model SN-10 produces a uniform particle size distribution aerosol and can be used with a variety of challenge agents. Volumetric output is linear and particle size distribution is constant over a 10-100 psig input pressure range. The SN-10 is the perfect upgrade of the "Laskin Nozzle" aerosol generator.
Precise, continuous output control reproducibly generates the required aerosol particle size distribution for HEPA filter testing.
The particle size distribution meets the requirements of ASME N510.
The generator can be sterilized for medical applications.
Integral strainer to prevent contamination of the nozzle.
Integral pressure regulator for output control.


Following the lifting of all fishing restrictions in the island's north, over 200% growth in the fish harvest has been reported from Mannar and Trincomalee districts. According to the statistics collected by Sri Lanka Navy , 229% growth in fish harvest and 155% growth in number fishing boats went out sea for fishing have been indicated for 14 days.
Sri Lanka Navy lifted all fishing restrictions imposed on the Island's coastal waters on the 20th June 2009. The measure was taken as a step towards bringing normalcy to the area after the end 30 years terror rule.
The significant growth of 203% in fish harvest has been reported from the Mannar district, after resettlement of 700 displaced families in Musali, Arippu, Swariyapuram, Vankalai and Mannar areas. The resettled fishermen were provided fishing gear and other assistance.
The Northern Province of Sri Lanka alone is comprised of 480 km long coastline, with 250 fishing villages. According to the Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, over 35,000 active fishermen in the Northern Province produce 14000 tons of fish annually. The Ministry sources added that arrangements are now being made to transport excess fish products to Colombo using insulated trucks.


text:
The Sad Reason The Wright Brothers Only Flew Together Once
Donaldson Collection/Getty Images
By Eric Meisfjord/Sept. 5, 2020 11:24 am EST
We pretty much take it for granted now, but there was a time when motorized flight, carrying a human being at the controls, was the stuff of dreams, until two brothers from the Midwest turned their mechanical aptitude and intellectual curiosity from building better bicycles toward conquering the skies.
Wilbur Wright was the older of the two, born in 1867, followed about four years later by Orville. The story goes that their father, Milton, returned from a trip bearing a gift: a French toy, powered by a rubber band, that flew similarly to a helicopter. The boys were entranced, intrigued, and inspired.
As Biography describes them, Wilbur was "more hyper, outgoing, serious and studious – he never forgot a fact and seemed to live in his own head." Orville, on the other hand, was "very shy, but also much happier, with a sunnier outlook on life." Despite their differences, they forged a bond in childhood that remained unbroken throughout their lives. They applied themselves to various endeavors — neither attended college; they were too busy, apparently — including a printing company and a bicycle shop, where they not only repaired but built bikes. But flight was never far from their minds.
Orville flew first, and alone
On December 17, 1903, after years of experimentation, after a coin toss over who would pilot, the Wright Flyer, with Orville at the controls, made the first heavier-than-air, motorized manned flight, says the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum — all of 12 seconds in length. Three more flights followed that day, until, during a break, the wind caught the flying machine and damaged it beyond repair. It was a telling moment, because as we all know, what goes up might very well come down again, and not always happily.
Their father, who lit the spark that became flight, certainly recognized both the brilliance and the perils of the brothers' achievements. It was clear that a flying machine with just one person aboard was only the first step. As History tells it, the Wrights' father made the brothers promise never to fly together — surely the losing both of his sons at once was an unthinkable prospect. They made one exception: a flight in 1910, near their home-town of Dayton, Ohio, which was followed by Orville piloting with their father as a passenger — Dad's one and only flight. The story is told that Milton repeatedly cried, "Higher, Orville, higher!"
Milton, of course, was right to be concerned. Orville had the dubious distinction of being involved in the first flight fatality: in 1908, a plane he was demonstrating for the military crashed, severely injuring Wright and killing his passenger, Lieutenant Thomas Selfridge.


One of the things I love about North Carolina is you can drive one direction and in a couple hours be at the beach, drive the opposite way, and you're in the mountains. The mountains of NC will always have my heart! Tony, Luna, and I traveled there this past weekend and it was just an awesome couple day get-away! We stayed at the cutest little cabin in Blowing Rock.
I was planning on having a photo meetup/styled shoot but because of the weather, it didn't happen. While disappointed with that, I was super happy with some of the nature shots I got!


text:
INDYCAR: Pocono Raceway not on series 2020 schedule
BY SCOTT WALSH / Published: September 1, 2019
There was much speculation two weeks ago that the ABC Supply 500 could be the final NTT IndyCar Series race at Pocono Raceway.
On Sunday, that became a reality.
When the series released its 17-race schedule for the 2020 season, Pocono was not on it. Instead, it was replaced by Richmond Raceway.
Stephen Starks, IndyCar vice president of promoter and media partner relations, said in a statement the series and Pocono were involved in "constructive dialog" through Aug. 29 about returning to the track next season, but could not reach a suitable agreement at this time.
"On behalf of INDYCAR, we would like to thank the Mattioli family and executive leadership team at Pocono Raceway for their partnership and efforts to help grow the sport of Indy car racing over the years," Starks said. "We also greatly appreciate their loyal fans that supported the NTT IndyCar Series and the races at Pocono Raceway."
Pocono Raceway CEO Nick Igdlasky confirmed in a statement the series would not return in 2020 and expressed disappointment.
"Our partnership with the premier open wheel series in the United States has concluded for now," Igdalsky said. "It has been a pleasure to work with INDYCAR representatives during this honest and candid negotiation.
"On behalf of the entire Pocono Raceway family, it has been a joy getting to know the teams and partners, many of whom have become dear friends. Thank you to ABC Supply Co., Inc., who have supported our INDYCAR events since 2014. Thank you to all the fans that have supported Pocono over the years. We share in the disappointment of thousands who also dreamed of future open wheel races at 'The Tricky Triangle.' A sincere thank you to Mario Andretti, for his years of passionate support.
"And finally, we thank all the drivers who dazzled us with their talent and heroics, as well as those drivers who spoke in support of Pocono during their recent visit. We sincerely wish INDYCAR and their competitors best of luck with the remainder of the 2019 season and beyond."
This is the second time IndyCar and Pocono have parted ways.
IndyCar first raced at Pocono from 1971 to 1989. After a 24-year hiatus, it returned in 2013 and competed there each year since.
However, there was an outcry for the series to stop competing at Pocono for several reasons.
One was low attendance.
"Pocono was probably my favorite oval, but it costs us between $400,000 to $500,000 a race," Bobby Rahal, IndyCar team owner and a 1988 winner at Pocono, told NBC Sports.com. "If I'm going to spend that kind of money, I want to spend it in front of somebody.
"It's a shame, but even in the good old days, we never really attracted that many people."
Mainly, though, the biggest reason was safety. Several serious incidents had many questioning whether Pocono still was compatible with the series — even though the track was built for IndyCar.
In 2015, Justin Wilson died from injuries suffered after he was struck in the helmet by debris from another car that crashed.
Last year, Robert Wickens suffered a spinal cord injury when his car sailed into the fence after making contact with another car.
And in this year's race, a five-car crash on the opening lap sent rookie driver Felix Rosenqvist to a hospital with non-lifethreatening injuries after his car sailed into the fence. Another driver landed upside-down atop another car.
A number of drivers took to social media after the crash this year saying it was time for IndyCar to stop running at Pocono. Wickens tweeted that it was a "toxic relationship" that needs a "divorce."
Richmond previously hosted IndyCar from 2001-09. The series returns to the Virginia track June 27, 2020, and is race No. 11 on the schedule.
The rest of the 2020 IndyCar campaign remains almost the same as this season. It opens March 15 in St. Petersburg, Florida, and concludes Sept. 22 at Laguna Seca. The Indianapolis 500 is scheduled for May 24.
With IndyCar leaving, Pocono currently is left with just one national series race next year. That is the
NASCAR doubleheader weekend June 27-28, which includes both Cup Series races, a Trucks Series race, Xfinity Series race and an ARCA Series race.


Home / Archive by category "Food and Drink"
A quick look at how to make this G & Tea from the good guys at Pop Cafe.
A step by step guide on how to make an Iced Tea variety of bubble tea.
A quick look to an blog post by Kateyln Allegra on a delicious dessert she made for us!


The residents of Paradise, many of who lost their homes in the worst fire in a century in the US, May Not recover.
The Paradise Fire destroyed over 5000 and killed 22 people. Cal Fire says PG&E is not liable for the fire, blaming a private electrical facility instead.
Sacramento - Cal Fire has essentially exonerated Pacific Gas & Electric from liability for the fire that destroyed parts of Napa, California.
This xould mean that PG&E, the State's largest utility, will not have to declare bankruptcy, as it told shareholders it would probably do this year.
CAL FIRE says the Tubbs Fire, which occurred during the October "2017 Fire Siege," was caused by a private electrical system adjacent to a residential structure. CAL FIRE investigators did not identify any violations of state law, Public Resources Code, related to the cause of this fire.
The residents of Paradise, many of who lost their homes in the worst fire in a century in the US, are thus denied a deep pocket to sue. It is unlikely that many of them will ever fully recover their losses from insurers.
In total, the October 2017 Fire Siege involved more than 170 fires and burned at least 245,000 acres in Northern California. Approximately 11,000 firefighters from 17 states and Australia helped battle the blazes, said CalFire in a press release.
The Tubbs fire burned NAPA. The Camp fire burned Paradise.


text:
Home Productshow to use petroleum coke calcined
how to use petroleum coke calcined
Petroleum Coke - Oxbow
Petroleum coke (petcoke) is a byproduct of the oil refining process. As refineries worldwide seek to operate more efficiently and extract more gasoline and other high value fuels from each barrel of crude oil, a solid carbon material known as petcoke is produced. The physical and chemical characteristics of petcoke are a function of the crude
Sellers of ultra low sulphur, calcined petroleum coke from
The raw coke directly out of coker is called green petcoke (GPC), green meaning unprocessed. This type of petcoke is called fuel grade petroleum coke and has higher sulphur content. The further processing of green petroleum coke by calcining produces Calcined Petcoke (CPC). This grade is used in the aluminum, steel and titanium smelting industry.
Worldwide Green Petroleum Coke and Calcined Petroleum Coke
Oct 12, 2020· The green petroleum coke and calcined petroleum coke market is expected to register a CAGR of around 6% during the forecast period. Petroleum coke is …
Calcined graphite petroleum coke, High fixed carbon,low
CPC - Calcined petroleum coke. The raw material is raw coke,The coke has high impurity content and cannot be used as a recarburizer. It must be calcined and will be produced. The petroleum coke is burned at temperature of 1200-1400 degrees. GPC - Graphite Petroleum Coke
Coke (petroleum), calcined - Substance Information - ECHA
Coke (petroleum), calcined. The 'Substance identity' section is calculated from substance identifiion information from all ECHA databases. The substance identifiers displayed in the InfoCard are the best available substance name, EC nuer, CAS nuer and/or the molecular and structural formulas. Some substance identifiers may have been
Modeling the Change of Green Coke to Calcined Coke Using
This paper presents macromolecular models of sulfur-containing Qingdao petroleum. The results were investigated with ultimate analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The models showed that organic sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen in the coke were mainly in the forms of thiophene-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, polycyclic aromatic
Calcinations of Petroleum coke
B. Calcined petroleum coke . Calcined petroleum coke (CPC) is the product from . calcining. petroleum coke. This coke is the product of the . Coker unit in a crude oil refinery. The calcined petroleum coke is used to make anodes for the aluminum, steel and titanium smelting industry. Calcined petroleum coke is shown in figure 2.
Calcined Petroleum Coke - Oxbow
Calcined petroleum coke is a critical ingredient in the production of aluminum. It is created by placing high quality raw "green" petroleum coke into rotary kilns, where it is heated to temperatures between 1200 to 1350 ˚C (2192 to 2460 ˚F).
Calcined Coke - Aluminium Bahrain
Calcined petroleum coke is the major raw material required for the production of carbon anodes used in the aluminium smelting process. Green coke (raw coke) is the product of the coker unit in a crude oil refinery and must possess sufficiently low metal content in order to be used as anode material.
Calcined Petroleum Coke (CPC) | FURMATS MARKETING
Calcined petroleum coke (CPC) is the product from calcining petroleum coke. This coke is the product of the coker unit in a crude oil refinery. The calcined petroleum coke is used to make anodes for the aluminium, steel and titanium smelting industry. The green coke must have sufficiently low metal content to be used as anode material.
CHARACTERIZATION OF PETROLEUM COKE AND BUTTS …
contact angle of calcined petroleum coke and anode butt recycled differs by 9º.The wettability increases (contact angle decreases) with time for both coke and butt. Recycled anode butt has a lower contact angle compared to petroleum coke at all times, showing that the butt is wetted better than the coke …
Petroleum Coke (PETCOKE) | Buy or sell petcoke | Petcoke
Calcined petroleum coke : Importers, Buyers, Wholesalers
09 Apr, 2021 Buy Petroleum Coke. Dear sir,we now want to buy calcined petroleum coke as following specifiions:S: 0.5-0.8% max C: 98.5%real density: 2.08-2.13%ash: 0.5% max volatile matter: 1.4% maxwe need 10000-20000 tons per month, packing : 1mt bagif you have above products please feel free to contact me and quote CIF Dalian port China pricest regards.Jane Chen refractory at smmcgro
Petroleum Coke - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
A. A Boateng, in Rotary Kilns (Second Edition), 2016. Abstract. Petroleum coke is a by-product of the coker process in the oil industry. In its raw form, it is also called "green coke" or green petroleum coke. Calcined petroleum coke is an important industrial commodity that links the oil and the metallurgical industries as it provides a source of carbon for various metallurgical
Petroleum Coke - Predel - - Major Reference Works - Wiley
Dec 15, 2006· 6.2. Calcined Petroleum Coke. The petroleum coke production started about 80 years ago and will reach the 100 × 10 6 ‐t/a level in the next years. The yearly increase rates are up to 10%. Characteristics, localization, and production methods including the Delayed Coker process of petroleum coke are shown. The world market profile for
Production and Appliion of Calcined Coke In Rotary
Raw Petroleum Coke needs to be calcined in order to meet the requirements for producing Graphite Electrode used in steel-smelting or Anode Paste used aluminum and magnesium. The calcination temperature will usually be about 1300°C. This is done to get rid of the volatility, which will help to
ASTM D4292 - 17 Standard Test Method for Determination of
5.1 Vibrated bulk density, VBD, is an indior of calcined petroleum coke porosity, which affects its suitability for use in pitch-bonded carbon appliions. (Warning— Vibrated bulk density for a sample of calcined petroleum coke is strongly dependent upon average particle size and particle size range.Bulk density tends to increase with decreasing coke size.
Oct 12, 2020· Petroleum coke is a byproduct of oil refineries, and the quality of coke (sulphur content in petroleum coke). Around 75% of petcoke produced globally is used as fuel, while the rest is usually either calcined for usage in the aluminum industry or treated for use as metallurgical coke …
PETROLEUM COKE: ESSENTIAL TO MANUFACTURING
Petroleum coke is also used as a fuel in power generation, cement kilns and other industries. Petcoke can take two different forms: green petcoke which is used as a fuel and calcined petcoke which is used as a feedstock by manufacturer for a wide range of products such as aluminum, paints, coatings and colorings which are used by millions of
Calcined petroleum coke - DanCrabon
Feb 08, 2021· Rotary kiln calcination is the most widely used technology in the world. 85% of calcined petroleum coke is produced by rotary kiln. Rotary kiln equipment has simple structure, low cost and large production capacity. The production capacity can be adjusted in the range of 33% to 130% according to production requirements.
Calcined petroleum coke is a critical ingredient in the production of aluminum. It is created by placing high quality raw "green" petroleum coke into rotary kilns, where it is heated to temperatures between 1200 to 1350 ˚C (2192 to 2460 ˚F). The high temperatures remove excess moisture, extract all remaining hydrocarbons and modify the crystalline structure of the coke, resulting in a denser more electrically …
Alcoke Petroleum Coke Breeze - Aegion
Alcoke is a quality backfill with excellent conductive properties at a very attractive price. Made from petroleum coke breeze, which is calcined to remove hydrocarbons and moisture, the backfill possesses a high fixed carbon content and an uncompact resistivity of 4.7 ohm-cm. Alcoke is processed on site and is available in three product grades
Calcined Petroleum Coke Plant Project - Jubail Industrial
Industrial & Turnkey Projects. Project Information for Calcined Petroleum Coke Plant Project - Jubail Industrial City 2 in Saudi Arabia along with tender stage, project award, client, bidding and awarded consultant details, contractor/mep contractor, scope of project …
Petroleum coke calcining is taking green coke or anode grade green coke from the refining process and convert this coke to different structures of carbon. The calcined coke is used to produce carbon anodes for the aluminum industry. To obtain the calcined coke properties required by the carbon and
Use of Under-Calcined Coke for the Production of Low
Under-calcined coke can be used as a response to this higher anode reactivity. Such coke has a structure more similar to the binder phase (a mix of fine fractions and coal tar pitch), resulting in a more homogenous reactivity of all anode components following baking. The preferential consumption of the anode binder phase by the side reactions
Petroleum Coke Group - information sheet - Canada.ca
Sep 18, 2020· These substances are coke (petroleum) and coke (petroleum), calcined, also referred to as green coke and calcined coke, respectively. Green coke is a UVCB substance that is formed during the process of refining crude oil and oil sands upgrading. Further heating of green coke at high temperatures produces the substance calcined coke.
Uses for Petroleum Coke | Sciencing
Sep 26, 2017· Petroleum coke is a byproduct of the oil refinery industry. Petroleum coke refers to all types of carbonaceous solids obtained in petroleum processing, which includes green or raw, calcined and needle petroleum coke. Petroleum coke is used in many appliions, including electrodes and anodes. It is also used …
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Heavy Fortinet favorite Jon Rahm misses the cut, Mickelson arm-locks to success, and Maverick buzzes the tower
Given that the grueling "super" season ended just two weeks ago, the frequency with which he played over the past month, and the looming Ryder Cup next week, it came as a mild surprise to see World No. 1 Jon Rahm in the field at this subdued season opener. This may be one of the best locales that the tour drops in on all year, but it's wildly early and usually a field full of many rookies and journeymen looking to get a jump on FedEx Cup points at the start of a new campaign. The top player in the world showing up is rarely a guarantee, but there was Rahm this week and he started with Tiger-equse low odds and astronomical fantasy pricing up against this weaker field. But he's going home early after rounds of 71 and 70 will put him two shots off the cut line.
Strong play from Rahm will likely be essential for an underdog team Europe next week at Whistling Straits, so it may have made captain Padraig Harrington somewhat uneasy to see the stud Spaniard playing out on the left coast just a couple days before he's due in Wisconsin. Then came news that he was struggling with a stomach illness that knocked him out of the Wednesday pro-am, and well, you had to question why he might be there at all with the high stakes next week. He was the only Ryder Cup player in the field in Napa.
Rahm indicated that the heat at home in Arizona would make practicing a pain and saw this event, with potentially fast and firm conditions, as possibly better prep for next week than resting back home. The agency that represents him also managing the event could have played some small part in his appearance as well.
He might have been the heavy favorite, but the whole experience seemed off from the start of the week and now he'll get a couple extra days to rest before the Ryder Cup, perhaps to the relief of Harrington. "From a Ryder Cup standpoint, maybe good to see him get the weekend off," said analyst Trevor Immelman, who will captain the Internationals in the Presidents Cup next year.
"I've got two more days off," Rahm said after the MC. "I think it's primarily rest. I feel like with having those stomach issues early, I wasn't nearly as rested as I could have been, my body got a little bit tight, but I'm feeling good today. It was a tough course out there. If anything, I get to rest a couple extra days and be able to figure out what's going on with my swing, which technically is not really anything bad. It's just I think a lot of those swings were made to look worse because of how tough it is out there. It's firm, it's fast, the fairways are hard to hit."
Any handful of stats (e.g. a ridiculous strokes gained margin over the second best) are illustrative of Rahm being far and away the top player of this past year, The missed cut is just his second of the year, the last and only other coming at the Wells Fargo Championship in May. He won't see the weekend, but he was back out on the putting green working on his stroke as the sun went down in Napa. It was a serene setting, far from what he's about to enter a week from now.
With the heavy pre-tournament favorite now gone, the mid-tournament favorite should be Maverick McNealy. For one, there's the obvious poll position he's now sitting in after 36 holes. The Northern California product posted 68-64 through the first two days and, at 12 under, is two clear of Mito Pereira and Beau Hossler.
McNealy is a young pro but he's not unfamiliar with this venue or this tournament. The former Haskins Award and McCormack Medal winner during his days at Stanford received sponsor's exemptions into this Silverado stop and he's quite comfortable with both the conditions and the layout.
"This is my fifth time playing this golf tournament, too, so the volunteers and the tournament staff, we know them well," McNealy said. "It's one of the places on tour where I don't feel like as much of a rookie, and it's going back to the Bay Area roots. Something about the air here, I feel really comfortable, and the grass and the conditions and it's a lot of fun having people rooting for you."
The second-round 64 was not exactly a smooth march all the way around. It included about a 45-minute stretch where McNealy made three straight bogeys and the round felt in danger of going off the rails. But if you're giving three back in a round of 64, there's got to be a whole lot of red numbers elsewhere. McNealy responded to that three-straight-bogey stretch with four consecutive birdies and a closing hole-out eagle. Combined with the other flawless opening nine of 31, it was a low enough number to put him out front with a multi-shot cushion.
"It absolutely plays to my advantage," he said of his knowledge of the course. "Poa annua is my favorite putting surface and even as it gets bumpy I think it plays to my strength. My strength is speed control with the putter and the bumpier and faster poa annua gets, which I'm sure it will towards late in the day this weekend, that plays right to my advantage. I'm comfortable on these lies, I know how the ball flies in these conditions. Even coming back the fifth time to this golf tournament is a huge advantage."
It was also an advantage to be out early, where most of the day's low scores came from in the second round. Phil Mickelson indicated that the greens are so firm that he does not think anyone will be able to run away and hide, so McNealy will have to avoid those bogey stretches throughout the weekend to bag his first PGA Tour win.
A win feels like the next step after last season, which was a significant jump in improvement for the former amateur standout. McNealy had one runner-up, posted 11 top 25-finishes in 26 starts, and made it to the second leg of the playoffs. He said he spent all summer getting up at 5 or 5:30 a.m. to practice, putting in the effort to make that second full season a real jump on tour. That showed in the results and getting to the BMW Championship. It would not be a shock to see him win this next season, perhaps as soon as this weekend in the opener at a place where he's confident.
Mickelson's tinkering is in full effect at the start of this new season, with the arm-lock putter he played around with in Memphis last month getting an extension in Napa. He seems to be into extended shafts these days, though this one may not be the subject of USGA regulation that had the six-time major winner hollering at the governing body last month.
The putter is a full 41 inches and he seemed happy with the results it yielded through the first two days, though putting enough pace on it can be a challenge with the new stroke. Mickelson is five under and tied for 24th place after two rounds and while this may not be the most pressurized event at this point in his career, he sounded optimistic about the weekend
"I think that as well as I'm putting, I have a chance to shoot mid-60s," the reigning PGA champ said after his round. Another equipment adjustment is coming as well, as Mickelson also said the face on his beloved 2-wood cracked and that lead to some "crazy shots." A new head will be swapped in for the weekend, but presumably the arm-lock putter will be staying.
"I'm putting well, so I've got a chance to make a run at it, but the greens are so firm that if you're not in the fairway, you can't stop it," he added. "So I'm going to have to hit more fairways. And that 2-wood's a really important club for me, so when it goes bad I struggle."
With Rahm gone, Phil is the undisputed headliner for the weekend so here's hoping for more of a show in wine country.
Reed uses binoculars to ID ball stuck in tree


So you want to build your own glasses? You are going to need a Raspberry Pi and 3D printer to get started. The PiZero SmartGlass project gives you a better idea to get started. It covers how to use a Raspberry Pi Zero and Python to build smart wearable devices. Such a device can be used to recognize people and objects and other comparable tasks. More info is available here.


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Distant Production House University and Business University of Costa Rica have signed a Collaboration Agreement.
January 20, 2023 /in News /by DPHU
Leaders from Distant Production House University and Business University of Costa Rica (https://www.universidadempresarial.cr/) announced today that they have signed a collaboration agreement on reciprocal recognition and joint program management. The agreement aims to foster stronger ties between the two institutions, and will allow students to benefit from a wider range of educational opportunities.
Under the agreement, the universities will work together to develop joint programs and exchange students, faculty, and researchers for joint scientific publication. They will also recognize each other's degrees and coursework, allowing students to transfer credits easily between the institutions.
The collaboration will officially begin in the upcoming academic year, and is expected to have a significant impact on the quality of education and research at both universities.
https://dphu.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/BUCR-DPHU-scaled.jpg 1280 2560 DPHU https://dphu.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/UNI-10-300x225.png DPHU2023-01-20 04:34:042023-01-20 05:54:31Distant Production House University and Business University of Costa Rica have signed a Collaboration Agreement.
Analyse des implications du droit pénal sur les TIC au Gabon : Cas de l'... DPHU Successfully Renewed Accreditation with QAHE, Demonstrating Commitment...


Another really pretty water bird from artist Glenice Moore. The artist shares her step notes and line drawing with you. Color photos are scattered throughout the pattern to show how the painting progresses.
***Prior painting experience is recommended for this painting exercise as the artist assumes the painter has worked with a wet in wet painting technique prior to this.


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Q: Use Sublime over SSH: The Sequel So at my last job I tried to use Sublime over SSH, and nice people helped me solve the problem:
How to use Sublime over SSH
Now I'm at a new job, and I think the best way for me to go is the rmate/rsub combo, but I'm getting Unable to connect to TextMate on localhost:52698 and I'm stuck.

A: If you're using OSX, and have the capacity to do so, I highly recommend installing Transmit. It's the simplest, most straightforward, and best of all least-buggy way of dealing with SSH I've found on OSX (10.8.5 for me currently, also worked for me on Lion). osxfuse and sshfs are nice, but in my experience they weren't that feature-ful, and tended to crash my machine after a while. Transmit will set you back US$34, but it is so worth it, and since it's for work you can write it off as a tax deduction.
Basically what it does is mount SSH shares as a local volume, and you can deal with any file just like it was on your own machine, so not only can you edit text-based files with Sublime, you can open images in Photoshop, or do whatever else you want to do, seamlessly. It also plays nice with virtual machines (I use VMWare Fusion). It has a daemon that runs as a little icon in the menu bar, so you can open shares whenever you want. You can set favorites and bookmarks, avoiding the need to navigate through subdirectories. It deals with just about any protocol seamlessly - SSH, FTP, SFTP, FTPS, telnet, whatever.

In case you're wondering, no, I don't work for Panic (the company that makes Transmit and some other nifty programs), and this isn't advertising spam, I just really love Transmit :)


Preheat the oven to 350F and spread the nuts out on a baking sheet. Bake 8 minutes, until lightly toasted. Remove and let cool completely.
In a heatproof bowl set over a pan of barely simmering water, combine the almond butter, chopped chocolate, and cocoa butter, stirring until melted and smooth. Whisk in the Swerve and the vanilla extract.
Stir in the toasted nuts and the dried cranberries, coating well with chocolate. Spread a baking sheet with waxed paper or parchment paper and drop rounded spoonfuls of the mixture onto the paper. You should get about 18 clusters.
Place in the refrigerator until set, about 1 hour.


Just a little dnb mixtape I found on my computer; Some of these tracks are especially tasty, so I thought I should add it to the site.
This entry was posted in free download, mixtapes, music and tagged calyx, dnb, drum and bass, ed rush, fracture, heist, neptune, optical, paradox, rufige kru, seba. Bookmark the permalink.


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ADAO's July 11th Congressional Staff Briefing
Three Meso Warriors to Receive 2014 Alan Reinstein Award
ADAO Awarded Silver Stevie® Award
ADAO Memorials
Chemical Safety Improvement Act (S. 1009)
ADAO Thanks Rushville, Indiana for Raising Asbestos Awareness
Sharing Our Stories Gives Us Strength
Share Your Story: "Changed LIves - Cathy's Story
Community Benefit Ride in Memory of Mesothelioma Warrior, Rob
ADAO Sends Our Support for Action Mesothelioma Day
ADAO "Share Your Story"
ADAO YouTube
"Asbestos: See for Yourself" Photographs
Archived eNewsletters
July is a time for asbestos awareness advocacy, both in the U.K. and here in the U.S. On Action Mesothelioma Day, July 5, awareness events will be held across Great Britain. Wherever you live, you can show your support by sharing information about the day or donating to one of the numerous organizations hosting Action Mesothelioma Day events.
In the U.S., on July 11, ADAO will host a Senate Staff Briefing entitled "Asbestos: Impact on Public Health." We need your help now -- this week -- to urge the senators from your state to attend. A few minutes, a couple of phone calls, can make a huge difference in our fight for a world free from asbestos. Click here for a phone call script and more information.
We will never forget beloved Meso Warriors Debbie, Janelle, Helen, and Colin, who we lost in June, but, in their memory, we must move forward on the cause that meant so much to them.
In Unity,
ACTION NEEDED: Invite Your U.S. Senators to Attend
ADAO's 4th Congressional Briefing, July 11
ADAO is proud to announce that our fourth Senate staff briefing, entitled "Asbestos: Impact on Public Health, the Environment, and the Economy," will take place on Thursday, July 11 from noon to 1 pm in Washington, D.C.
ADAO NEEDS YOUR HELP!
Click here to find your two Senator's DC office phone numbers. It's easy - using the dropdown box on the top left to sort by states.
Call your Senator using the script at this link.
Frequently Asked Questions Congressional Invitation Congressional RSVP Form
2014 ADAO CONFERENCE: APRIL 4-6 IN WASHINGTON, DC
The Asbestos Disease Awareness Organization (ADAO) is proud to announce that, for the first time, three honorees will receive the Alan Reinstein Award at the Asbestos Awareness Conference in 2014: Janelle Bedel, Heather Von St. James, and Lou Williams! The award recognizes these individuals' commitment to education, advocacy and support to countless patients and families around the world. Read More
ADAO NEWS
ADAO Awarded Silver Stevie� Award
On June 17 in Chicago, the Asbestos Disease Awareness Organization (ADAO) had the honor of attending the American Business Awards' 11th annual Stevie Awards Banquet. The event was a spectacular celebration of innovation and impact.
At the banquet, ADAO was thrilled to be awarded a Silver Stevie Award in the Company of the Year - Non-Profit or Government Organizations category. With profound gratitude, ADAO is delighted to share this award with the many ADAO volunteers, interns, supporters, brave patients and families, sponsors, donors, conference presenters, National Spokesperson Jordan Zevon, Honorary Celebrity Board Co-Chair Barbara Minty McQueen, ADAO Leadership, and our Science Advisory Board, all of whom fuel our work with contributions in dollars, hours, thought, and action. Read More
June 9 Blog: ADAO Mourns the Loss of Mesothelioma Warrior Debbie
Eulogy: "Remembering Debbie Brewer who was a Courageous Mesothelioma Warrior and Global Inspiration" by Linda Reinstein
June 20 Blog: ADAO Mourns the Loss of Mesothelioma Warrior Janelle
Eulogy: "Remembering Janelle Bedel, Global Wonder Woman" by Linda Reinstein
JUNE 12 PRESS RELEASE: ADAO Outraged by Shortcomings of the Chemical Safety Improvement Act of 2013
JUNE 12 BLOG: Existing Chemical Safety Improvement Act (S. 1009) Fails to Protect Public Health
JUNE 13 BLOG: House Hearing: Toxic Substances Control Act: Understanding its History and Reviewing its Impact
On Tuesday, June 18, the Asbestos Disease Awareness Organization (ADAO) traveled to Rushville, Indiana to present "Wonder Woman" Janelle, a Mesothelioma warrior, with the 2014 Alan Reinstein Award. This award, named after Linda Reinstein's late husband and the first ADAO President, recognizes Janelle's commitment to education, advocacy and support to patients and families around the world.
While in Rushville, Linda was honored to have the opportunity to spend time with the community members who relentlessly work to share Janelle's story and raise mesothelioma and asbestos awareness. Rushville, ADAO applauds you for bringing national and global attention to banning this deadly material. Read More
Today, in memory of Meso Warriors Debbie Brewer and Janelle Bedel, we focus on Sharing Your Story. Not one story, but over 50 stories already on our website, and thousands more still to tell from around the world. One of the ways Meso Warriors find support is by knowing each other's stories. If you haven't read the powerful stories ADAO's community has told, we urge you to do so. Read More
"Changed Lives" - Cathy's Story
We have been touched by asbestos in individual ways, yet we are joined together by a bond of community. This month, we would like to honor the story of Cathy, as shared by her daughter Heather. Read Cathy's Story
As a testament to the strength of our global family, ADAO highlights the courageous stories of asbestos victims around the world through our website's "Share Your Story" feature. We encourage you to submit your personal story. Sharing is powerful, allowing us to heal and raise awareness.
The Asbestos Disease Awareness Organization (ADAO) is proud to share with our community about "Ridin' the Wind with Rob," a benefit ride in Pekin, Illinois for transportation of all kind, followed by a spaghetti dinner and raffle. This phenomenal annual event is organized by ADAO community member Jill Cagle in memory of her husband, Rob. Rob tragically lost his life to mesothelioma on September 11, 2011 after a 6-year battle and numerous chemotherapy treatments. The ride will also be in memory of Jim McCoy, who lost his life in a vehicle accident.
All proceeds from the event will go to the Robbie Cagle College Scholarship Fund, ADAO, and the Mesothelioma Applied Research Foundation. Read More
in the UK on July 5
Friday, July 5 is Action Mesothelioma Day in the UK. Organizations throughout the country will host events to raise awareness about mesothelioma and remember those who have lost their battle with the disease.
At a number of these events, participants will release doves and balloons as a poignant symbol of the countless individuals and families who have been affected by mesothelioma. June was a difficult month, as we grieved the loss of Debbie, Janelle, Helen, and Colin, but I encourage the ADAO community to join us in honoring their memory and moving forward in strength by supporting the UK's Action Mesothelioma Day.
The Asbestos Disease Awareness Organization (ADAO) was founded by asbestos victims and their families in 2004. ADAO seeks to give asbestos victims and concerned citizens a united voice to raise public awareness about the dangers of asbestos exposure. ADAO is an independent global organization dedicated to preventing asbestos-related diseases through education, advocacy, and community. For more information, visit www.asbestosdiseaseawareness.org


Red Bull has decided to switch to Honda F1 engines next year, high level sources have revealed, with confirmation of the move likely ahead of this weekend�s French Grand Prix.... As far as I know, Red Bull doesn't put logos on helmets unless you work for them. You can buy basic Red Bull merch like hats and shirts, but the stuff you see pros wearing (in any sport) such as helmets, is only available to them.
A person can write to sticker companies to ask for free stickers.Kids also often get stickers when visiting grocery stores and thebank with parents.... 1,669 results for red bull sticker Save red bull sticker to get e-mail alerts and updates on your eBay Feed. Unfollow red bull sticker to stop getting updates on your eBay feed.
5/03/2012�� Go to some events that red bull sponsors and they usually give out stickers.... The best surf stickers for your surfboard Surfing decals are a great way of adding your own style and ideas to your favorite surfboards. Vintage logos, pin-ups, mermaids, post-modern sayings, political signs, spiritual badges and Hawaiian natives.
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Red Bull and Sun BIG 11.5'x14' white outline All stickers on sheets are precutted - so no nee..


As you've probably assumed, I am still without regular internet access, but have been so busy in the past 2 weeks that I haven't missed it...well not *that* much anyhow. It is my 30th birthday today and I am at a loss to explain how September 20 has snuck up on me (and 2 months have gone by since I arrived in Rwanda) this year much less 30 years worth of September 20ths.
I have travelled to Byumba today for a meeting with my Rwandan counterpart Dr. Moses, and yes... to be able to be in touch with friends and family today is important to me.
I have hardly had time to breathe since finishing August's monthly report and have not been faithfully keeping up with my journal. It's been a hard couple of weeks, "growing pains" if you will - any organization will suffer from bumps in the road especially at the beginning and I suppose when starting up a health center at a refugee camp in the Rwandan countryside, I should allow for more turbulence than other endeavors. Still I get frustrated and impatient because of how I *want* things to be and how I see that they *can* be... and most days nothing is easy - one has to follow up on every detail - not just say it and trust that it will be done. There's also the constant vigilance against corruption and misuse of funds that is so rampant in this part of the world (well any part of the world - I suppose but I'm just running into it more here with my managerial hat on). Fortunately ARC and Theodore (camp manager) and Barry (country director) have an absolute zero tolerance policy for any kind or corruption or misappropriation of funds - but it is exhausting to always be checking invoices and payroll sheets over and over. It's been such good training for me though - I tend not to prefer conflict but here I have to stand my ground each and every minute... good for me but exhausting nonetheless.
I received a call from the USAID representative today (great birthday present!) that our PEPFAR proposal for HIV/AIDS funding was approved for FY '06 which is wonderful news and so there will be money to start HIV prevention, testing and treatment programs!
I only have a few minutes left at this internet cafe before having to go to dinner but I will leave you with some pictures of the birthday party that Theodore threw for me last night... about 50 people - complete with a huge dinner, cake and lots of traditional dancing. I was touched that it was refugee and Rwandan staff alike- and most of my staff from the guards at the health center to my nurses, to the cleaners and nutrition center staff along with my drivers were there. Theodore presented me with a traditional dress from his home country of Benin in West Africa which you can see me wearing during the dancing!
The day yesterday started in such sadness, I attended a burial of Adeline, a 4 month baby girl who I'm sure had AIDS who we had managed to see through pneumonias and gastroenteritis and fungal infections and fever after fever the past 2 months since my arrival. I was at her bedside all weekend as she struggled not to drown in her own secretions from yet another pneumonia and suctioned her (our suction is a feeding tube attached to a syringe) almost every 10 minutes but despite all the "tricks" I knew, broad spectrum antibiotics, diuretics, steroids... couldn't save her. All of my nurses and I attended the burial - this child had such a will to live we had hoped against hope that she would make it through this episode, but it wasn't to be. The graveyard of the camp is in one of the most beautiful spots I've seen, surrounded by pine trees atop a mountain, there are half a dozen rough wooden crosses now - those refugees who will not see their earthly home in the Congo again... But as healthcare goes we had to return to the clinic where malaria is in full force now that the rainy season has started and there are stagnant pools of water... we admit 10 patients over the course of the day and our little hospital is bursting at the seams.
But night comes and as I enter my house I am greeted by this huge raucous party and speech after speech of such warmth that my emotions swing from sadness and exhaustion to joy and celebration...it takes away that bit of homesickness that had been festering a little the past few weeks with too much work and too little sleep and struggle after struggle to get even the smallest tasks accomplished. Such emotional roller coasters each and every day here but it reminds me of how fortunate and truly blessed I am to be here on this earth at this moment in time doing this work that I find myself so engrossed in .. I am keenly aware and in awe of being *alive*.
Hi Ann, wishing you a Happy B-Day. Please remember that He who began a good work in you will be faithful to complete it.
We are proud and feel a little comfort to know our daughter is loved at least by 50 human beings in the foreign land during her birthday doing the greatest job in Africa now. Happy birthday! Corruption and misuse of funds are all over the whole wide world, from the most civil powerful country to the poorest country. Please take it easy, it is a disease, takes time to cure it. Our wishes and prayers daily for you as our dearest daughter are to be 'safe, healthy, alive and happy". God bless!
Happy belated birthday. Your birthday gifts from the Urgent care staff was mailed out via the ARC yesterday. There are four boxes total and we all hope you will like your birthday surprises! The entire staff contributed in one way or another and we know you will put all the contents of the boxes to good use. For all the selfless giving from you in Rwanda, we wanted to give something to you. Enjoy! The entire UC staff.
I don't know if you remember me, but this is Alex Stroup from back in your high school days.
You name popped into my head for some reason today and I decided to poke around the internet for some trace of you.
I'm glad to see that you are up to good deeds; I always knew that if one person in the old Hudson's Bay cohort would leave the world a better place that you were the likely candidate.
Wow! Happy Belated B-Day. It takes a special person to serve others under the conditions that you describe. The Lord has clearly given you many spiritual gifts.
Happy Belated Birthday! Bless you for all of your hard work, I am so proud of you and all you do. Know that I am thinking of you and wishing you and all of those you help the best. I know that your patients are in good hands. You are an inspiration to me. Be safe and take care of yourself. Miss you, Paula D.


Multiple creative projects to help the Bank of England communicate the Banks actions and decisions in a fun, jargon-free way for the general public to understand.
The first project was explaining what the bank does in a fun, interactive way through the use of illustration and SVG animation.
An example of animation was changing the bank from being in black and white with an old timey feel, depicting its formation over 300 years ago to full colour depicting its relevance still to this day.
How the bank affects everything was one of the final screens of the piece.
A second creative piece discussed mortgage rates in an easier to understand way with a similar, but still distinct illustration style to the first, making each project different enough in style, yet retaining certain consistent elements.


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Take-Two Q4 2019 Earnings Report – Red Dead Redemption 2 has sold over 24 Million copies worldwide
Home » Games » Take-Two Q4 2019 Earnings Report – Red Dead Redemption 2 has sold over 24 Million copies worldwide
Rockstar Games' parent company, Take-Two Interactive, have released their earnings report for the past quarter, which ended March 31st, 2019. Net revenue grew to $539.0 Million, as compared to the same quarter a year ago which was $450.3 million – Take-Two repurchased 1.12 million for $100 Million
Grand Theft Auto V has sold over 110 Million copies worldwide and Red Dead Redemption 2 has sold over 24 Million copies worldwide.
Net income increased to $333.8 million.
CEO Strauss Zelnick accompanied the press release with a statement. As usual, he teases sequels for existing franchises coming, alongside new IP.
Take-Two finished a stellar year with strong fourth quarter operating results highlighted by the outperformance of Grand Theft Auto Online and Grand Theft Auto V, as well as NBA 2K19, and significant ongoing sales of our blockbuster hit, Red Dead Redemption 2. For the full fiscal year, our Company delivered record Net Bookings and Adjusted Operating Cash Flow, which exceeded our outlook at the start of the year, along with strong earnings growth driven by the record-breaking launch of Red Dead Redemption 2, the outstanding performance of NBA 2K, and better-than expected results from Grand Theft Auto Onlineand Grand Theft Auto V.
"We expect fiscal 2020 to be another strong year for Take-Two, with operating results currently forecasted to be lower than fiscal 2019, due to the extraordinary success of Red Dead Redemption 2, and growing as compared to fiscal 2018.
"Take-Two has the strongest development pipeline in its history, including sequels from our biggest franchises as well as exciting new IP. In addition, we are actively investing in emerging opportunities such as Private Division, mobile games, eSports and geographic expansion that have the potential to be enormous drivers of growth. We are exceedingly well positioned to generate significant growth and margin expansion over the long-term.
Interestingly, we learned from Zelnick himself during the follow-up conference call that Red Dead Redemption 2 passed 24 units worldwide. Red Dead Online is expected to exit its beta phase this quarter (by June 30 2019).
On the other hand, Grand Theft Auto V has now shipped almost 110 million units.
Both titles by Rockstar combined (included their online components) had almost 90 million registered accounts in the past fiscal year.
Rockstar's Social Club platform has over 200 million registered accounts.
On top of this, Civilization 6 "significantly" outperformed expectations due to the popularity of the Nintendo Switch version and of the expansion packs.
Below you can read highlights for all of Take-Two's brands, including Rockstar Games and 2K Games.
TAGS: game, gta v, red dead redemption 2, rockstargames, take-two, videogame
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Five Christian Communions Proclaim Anew the Good News of God's Liberating Grace
A historic and landmark gathering of church leaders from five global Christian World Communions, the Roman Catholic, the Lutheran World Federation, the World Methodist Council, the Anglican Communion and the World Communion of Reformed Churches . which took place at the University of Notre Dame in Indiana, United States from 26 to 28 March, issued a statement recommitting themselves to communicating the biblical message of salvation in new ways to contemporary society. We wish to make more visible our common witness, in worship and service, on our journey together towards visible unity, walking together, praying together and working together.
Originally signed by leaders of the Roman Catholic Church and the Lutheran World Federation (LWF), the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification (JDDJ) has since been broadened to include the World Methodist Council, the Anglican Communion and the World Communion of Reformed Churches, all of which agree on the core message of salvation in and through Christ. and looked toward a future realizing a deeper communion towards the full visible unity of the church and to make manifest the growth in communion which we have already been experiencing.
In a concluding statement, participants highlighted the way in which the JDDJ process led to the overcoming of centuries-old controversies. They also noted how its method of differentiating consensus, which allows for core agreement while maintaining different confessional expressions, can be used to deal with past, present and future obstacles relating to both doctrinal and ethical questions. In a broken, violent and fearful world, it is urgent that the church bear witness to the possibility of unity and reconciliation and manifest the courage to stand together in works of proclamation, justice and compassion. The participating communions pledged to be united in common witness to the God of life so that churches can embrace difference and disagreements without allowing them to divide.
The participants affirmed that the gathering represents in a new way a global koinonia of communions as common witness to the liberating power of God's grace. God's saving work touches all of creation and all people so that unity and justice are inseparable. The JDDJ has formed the basis of a new orientation to one another. Global Christian Communions should no longer begin from the place of division, but of unity. They should no longer look for what is lacking in one another but rather look for the distinctive gifts that each bring for the spiritual edification and sanctification of all.
The participants agreed to establish a steering committee "to take forward the momentum generated by our meeting through promoting and monitoring the process of developing relationships among the adherents of JDDJ."
There are also plans to develop a range of catechetical tools and resources, in various forms, written and visual, including a dedicated common webpage, to be used in all aspects of church life and theological education.
Rev. Dr D. Rathnakara Sadananda participated in the gathering representing the World Communion of Reformed Churches.
(The Consultation Statement is given here in pdf format.)
View / Download : Notre Dam Consultation Statement
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