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Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Price in Nepal |An affordable phone?
December 24, 2021 December 24, 2021 Aayushi Sharma 1 Comment galaxy a13 5g, samsung galaxy a13, samsung galaxy a13 5g, samsung galaxy a13 5g launch date in india, samsung galaxy a13 5g nepal, samsung galaxy a13 5g price, samsung galaxy a13 5g price in nepal, samsung galaxy a13 5g unboxing, samsung galaxy a13 camera, samsung galaxy a13 features, samsung galaxy a13 launch date, samsung galaxy a13 price, samsung galaxy a13 price in bangladesh, samsung galaxy a13 review, samsung galaxy a13 unboxing
The Samsung Galaxy A13 5G An HD 6.50-inch touchscreen with 720×1600 pixel resolution is included in the phone. An octa-core MediaTek Dimensity 700 processor powers the Samsung Galaxy A13 5G. It has 4GB of RAM. Galaxy A13 5G has a 5000mAh battery and runs on the Android 11 operating system. Scroll down for Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Price in Nepal.
It has a 50-megapixel main camera with an f/1.8 aperture; a 2-megapixel camera with an f/2.4 aperture, and a 2-megapixel camera with an f/2.4 aperture on the back of the Samsung Galaxy A13 5G. It sports a 5-megapixel front camera with an f/f/2.0 aperture for taking selfies.
When it comes to storage capacity, the Samsung Galaxy A13 5G has 64GB built-in, which is expandable through a microSD card (up to 1024GB). At 164.50 x 76.50 x 8.80mm, the Samsung Galaxy A13 5G is the largest and lightest smartphone in its class. Its body is made of plastic. Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Price in Nepal is below.
Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Summary
The Samsung Galaxy A13 5G has Wi-Fi 802.11 ac, GPS, and NFC built-in. The phone has a fingerprint sensor as well as other sensors. You can play games, listen to music, watch movies, and do other things on the Samsung Galaxy A13 5G for extended periods of time without having to worry about battery loss since the phone is projected to operate on Android v11. Samsung's speculated smartphone is said to include a single rear-facing camera. You'll be able to take life-like photos thanks to the 50MP, 2MP, and 2MP cameras. For taking selfies, the Samsung Galaxy A13 5G is rumored to include a 5MP front-facing camera.
The Samsung Galaxy A13 5G may have a 6.5-inch (16.51-cm) display with a resolution of 720 x 1600 Pixels so that you may view movies or play games. The Samsung Galaxy A13 5G . (Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Price in Nepal.) is expected to run on an Octa-core processor (2.2 GHz, Dual-core Cortex A76 + 2 GHz, Hexa Core, Cortex A55) so that you may experience a smooth performance when using numerous applications simultaneously.
Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Specifications :
Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Price in Nepal
More Features on Samsung Galaxy A13 5G :
Aesthetics, Display, and Safety
Quad-camera,Performance
Camera and Display
Connectivity, Battery, Fast Charging
Battery and Configuration
Connectivity and Storage
Buy Samsung Galaxy A13 5G for :
Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Specifications
Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Price in Nepal is expected to be NPR. 30,064. It is anticipated that Samsung's Galaxy A13 will be unveiled on February 25, 2022. Samsung Galaxy A13 4 GB RAM / 64 GB internal storage is likely to be available in Black color.
Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Price in Nepal ( expected ) NPR. 30,064.
Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Launch Date ( expected ) February 25, 2022
Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Price in Nepal.
More Features of Samsung Galaxy A13 5G
HD+ display with 720×1600 pixels resolution is found in the Galaxy A13. You get 270 PPI and a waterdrop-shaped notch on the screen. It has a screen-to-body ratio of 81 percent, thanks to the 20:9 aspect ratio display. On the right side of the phone, you'll find the power button and the volume rocker. For further protection, the phone has a fingerprint sensor located on the side, and it can also be unlocked via the front-facing camera.
the speed and capacity of the hard drive and the four cameras
The Galaxy A13 is powered by an octa-core Snapdragon 480 processor from Samsung. With 4GB of RAM and 64GB of internal storage, it can be expanded via a memory card. Samsung One UI is developed on top of the Android 11 operating system on the phone. The Quad-camera system in this phone has a 48MP primary sensor, a 5MP ultra-wide-angle sensor, a 5MP sensor, and a 2MP depth sensor. Selfies, films, and video calls are all possible with the phone's front-facing 8MP camera.
It has a 6.5-inch IPS LCD with a pixel density of 271ppi and an aspect ratio of 16:9. The display is similarly bezel-less, having a 20:9 aspect ratio.
On the rear of the phone, Samsung has added an incredible triple-camera arrangement. It has a 50MP primary camera, a 2MP macro camera, and a 2MP depth sensor. These sophisticated features, including LED Flash, Exposure Compensation and ISO adjustment as well as Touch to Focus and HDR mode, are all included in the camera's whole configuration. The front of the phone has a 5-megapixel Selfie Shooting Lens, as well.
The USB Type C connector on the Galaxy A13's battery offers 18W rapid charging and data transmission. Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 5.1, 4G VoLTE, USB OTG, and GPS with GLONASS are all included in the device's connectivity options.
Entire, the overall experience is provided by a MediaTek Dimensity 700 chipset backed by an Octa-core Cortex A76 and Cortex A55 CPU running at 2.2GHz. In addition, the Mali-G57 MC2 GPU and 4GB of RAM ensure that the system runs smoothly throughout.
A 5000mAh Li-Polymer battery has been installed in the smartphone. Additionally, the particular is non-removable and can only be charged via a 15W Fast Charging system.
Samsung's Galaxy A13 has a 64GB internal storage capacity that can be expanded up to a maximum of 1TB. Also included are 4G VoLTE, GPS, Wi-Fi 802.11, b/g/n, USB Type C, Mobile Hotspot, and Bluetooth v5.0 connection options.
For an eye-catching, bezel-free display, buy. The back of the vehicle has a stunning three-camera setup. GPU: Mali-G57 MC2 paired with 4 GB RAM. The Dimensity 700 processor from MediaTek a battery with a capacity of 5000 mAh and a charging speed of 15W Recommendation: Expanded storage
Samsung's Galaxy A13 is an excellent camera and multitasking device. It has an outstanding triple-camera arrangement on the back, which is powered by a 5000mAh battery with Fast Charging. It's also worth noting that the 4GB RAM and MediaTek Dimensity 700 combination is a winning formula.
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Additional informational on Samsung Galaxy A13 5G :
In addition, the phone will be offered in a variety of storage capacities when it goes on sale. Because of this, storing your local files, videos, images, movies, music, and other media is no longer limited by a lack of available storage space. Wi-Fi – Yes, Wi-Fi 802.11, b/g/n, Mobile Hotspot, Bluetooth – Yes, v5.0 and 5G enabled by the device ( Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Price in Nepal. ) are among the several connection choices on the Samsung Galaxy A13 5G. Xiaomi Mi 11T Pro Price in Nepal – Best phone ever? The smartphone may also include sensors like a light sensor, proximity sensor, and accelerometer.
To keep sales going strong, Samsung is preparing fresh improvements for its A-series, which has benefited the Korean business to overcome supply issues for Galaxy S21. CES and 2022 are both only a few months away. There are a few price increases for both the Galaxy A13 5G and A03S, but the A13's 5G connection has been confirmed. Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Price in Nepal, the Samsung Galaxy A13 5G.ClassicTech 500 Mbps Internet | Classic tech prepares 500 Mbps first time in Nepal
For the first time, the Galaxy A13 will be able to use T-Mobile and AT&T's sub-6GHz bands to connect to 5G networks. The A13's increased $249.99 pricing is largely due to its 5G capability. $70 more than its $179.99 predecessor and marginally less expensive than the $279.99 Galaxy A32 5G with the same features.
As a result of the A13's greater pricing, the lower-resolution 6.5-inch Infinity-V HD Plus display now has an adaptive refresh rate of 90Hz, making it seem more fluid and responsive. Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Price in Nepal, the A12 has a 60Hz refresh rate, whereas the Nord N200 5G has a 1080p display with a 90Hz refresh rate for $239.99. Since the A12 arrived with a chipset in 2018, the MediaTek Dimensity 700 processor in the A13 is more capable of multitasking and handling a wider range of mobile games.
With a 50-megapixel primary camera, as well as a macro and depth sensor for bokeh, the A13 boasts an improved triple-camera system. For Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Price in Nepal. I was a little disappointed to see that the A13 would only have 64GB of internal storage, even though its microSD slot can accept a 1TB card (the A12 had 3GB RAM). In spite of this, you'll be able to utilize the phone's 3.5mm audio socket to connect wired headphones, use NFC to conduct contactless payments, and enjoy a 5,000mAh battery thanks to its side fingerprint sensor (there is no face unlock option).
Galaxy A03S from Samsung, As of yet, Samsung has only confirmed that the Galaxy A03S will cost $159.99 when it launches in 2022, compared to the standard A02S's $109.99 price tag. The press statement implies that the A03S will offer "a long-lasting battery, triple camera system, and fingerprint security" to explain the $50 price rise. A new CPU and 32GB of storage are likely, Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Price in Nepal, but we don't have any images of it yet, so you'll have to wait until CES or a possible Samsung Unpacked event to learn more, including what it looks like.
However, it is not known whether both phones would get regular security upgrades for four years, as Samsung has promised for some of its other A-series phones. Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Price in Nepal with T-Mobile and Samsung.com will offer the A13 5G in early January 2022, after which it will be available exclusively via AT&T's online store beginning on December 3rd, 2021. It will be available on AT&T, T-Mobile, Verizon, and Samsung.com in early January 2022 if you prefer the A03S, which has a lower price point than the A03.
5G Access for All, in Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Price in Nepal .iPhone 13 Price in Nepal iPhone 13 mini, iPhone 13 Pro Specs | Worth buying it? Keeping in touch with loved ones, colleagues, and acquaintances have never been more crucial. As a result, Samsung is working hard to develop strong smartphones that meet the demands of consumers while also making 5G technology more widely available.
The Samsung Galaxy A13 5G is the company's most cheap 5G handset to date. Streaming your favorite program from a waiting room or video chatting with loved ones on the fly is now a reality thanks to the stability and speed of the Internet. Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Price in Nepal with smooth video calls, gaming, and streaming are all possible on the Galaxy A13 5G thanks to the phone's high-performance processor.
[3] 5G is now more affordable than ever before, allowing you to take advantage of its many advantages. As part of the Galaxy A13 5G, Samsung Electronics America, Inc. has unveiled its most cheap 5G phone to date: See Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Price in Nepal the Galaxy A13 5G. As a testament to Samsung's dedication to delivering strong phones at every price point, the Galaxy A series boasts a wide range of unique, fundamental features.
In keeping with this tradition, the Samsung Galaxy A13 5G offers a wide range of features at an affordable price, including 5G connection. The A13 5G has everything you need at an affordable price, including a long-lasting battery, a stunning triple-lens camera, and a stunning edge-to-edge display. Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Price in Nepal is the Galaxy's most cutting-edge technology.
The Galaxy A13 5G has a strong multi-camera system and a long-lasting battery, making some of the most popular Galaxy innovations even more accessible to the average user. A high-resolution, triple-lens camera and several of Samsung's revolutionary photography capabilities make the Galaxy A13 5G a great smartphone for recording memories of family and friends. Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Price in Nepal is the Galaxy A13 5G's 6.5″ adaptive 90Hz Infinity-V HD+ display will look fantastic with those images. Huawei Mate 40 RS Price in Nepal and Specs ( Porsche Design ) – Best Phone Ever?
And thanks to an adjustable 90Hz refresh rate, you'll always be able to surf through your social media feeds and play your favorite video games in high definition, with Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Price in Nepal. Samsung's Galaxy A13 5G has a long-lasting battery and adaptive power saving, so you can enjoy your favorite movies and family photos without worry. When you're getting ready for a night out with pals, use 15W Fast Charging to have your A13 5G up and running in no time.
Is Samsung Galaxy A13 5G Price in Nepal satisfying?
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So, I haven't viewed either music video of EXO's comeback yet. Mostly due to uni stuff, but also overtime. I've been exhausted. The other day I fell asleep as soon as I got home. At 6 pm. I woke up at 5 that morning.
So, this will be the first time I'm viewing either music video. First, we'll go with "Monster." General consensus on the internets says this is the more popular song out of the two.
Now, on to "Lucky One." Again, according to people I've talked to, they say the song is good but the video takes away from it.
The return of their powers, and it's as I've heard. Everyone else is showcasing their talents, and there's Kai. Dancing.
There's exploding heads, magical escapades and most importantly, escaping the laboratory.
3. Artificial Love – The beat seems kind of weak. So far, it's my least favorite track.
4. Cloud 9 – It seems pretty chill. However… even though I like the first two songs, we're almost halfway through…and it still doesn't seem strong enough. This song is definitely better than "Artificial Love," that's for sure. It does get a little better as the song progresses. Otherwise, it's just good. But not great.
5. Heaven – I really like the piano in this song, but it's just another 'okay' song.
6. White Noise – This is better than the other track. I really like it. Third favorite song. Verging on second. "Lucky One" has competition.
7. One and Only – It's a good song. Not much more, but good.
8. They Never Know – I love it. This is great. I can't even explain how great this song is. It has a modern beat, but throwback vocals. New favorite, hands down.
9. Stronger – It's another nice song. It's mellow and harmonic, but I'm not really digging it.
Overall, I give the album a 4/9. I'd like to give it a 7/10, but that wouldn't really be honest. If you like the album, you can pick it up on iTunes!


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Home Reviews Trillogy - Love, Life, Loyalty LP [SMG]
7" Reviews
12" Reviews
Trillogy - Love, Life, Loyalty LP [SMG]
SMG recording Hip-Hop group Trillogy have officially announced the release of their hugely anticipated debut album "Love, Life, Loyalty" - which features the hit single, "Warning" - is due in stores and online on September 24, 2009.
Stacked with a broad spectrum of bangers, "Love, Life, Loyalty" makes an indelible first impression of a serious new Hip-Hop group that is offering its listeners more then just your average Hip-Hop. Trillogy's group members, Rita, Jay-Will and OxPro are showing this generation how working together is making them a force to be reckoned with and that together to create great music can make an impact in the music industry. Already being compared to the likes of The Black Eyed Peas, The Fugees and City High, Trillogy is a group you should get familiar with!
Collaborating with Freeway on their song "We Made It" Trillogy has seem to collect not only heavy hitting co-signs but almost seamlessly have combined three exceptional music talents to create their own sound. With all that and a consistent work ethic, Trillogy is insuring their group will be listened to not just heard.
"Warning" was produced by the legendary Hip-Hop producer Louie "Phat Kat" Vega (Queen Latifah, Nice & Smooth, Gangstarr) and mixed by the multi Grammy Award Winning team of Ken Lewis and Brent Kolatalo (John Legend, Kanye West, Mary J. Blige, Janet Jackson, Jay Z).
The album - the first major debut to be released by Trillogy - sees the group showing off their undeniable skillz on the mic and staccato flow on such tracks as the lead single, "Warning". The video was recently shot in New York City by Rockstar Games and will be premiered soon!
http://www.lovelifeandloyalty.com
http://www.twitter.com/trillogy_smg
http://www.myspace.com/trillogysmg
http://www.starrmediagroup.com
Various Artists - The Move Volume 2 LP [Tokyo Dawn Records] - 16/09/2017
London's Da Flyy Hooligan Premieres New Video On Complex And Signs With US Label - 16/08/2017
DJ Moe Love - Digging in the Tapes, I Ain't Dead Yet LP [King of the Beats] - 10/08/2016
Stig of the Dump - Kubrick LP [Lewis Recordings] - 11/11/2015
Kingpin - Shut This Down MP3 [DopeShit] - 17/03/2015
Essa - Evade And Seek: The EPilogue EP [First Word] - 07/03/2015
First Look: What's Real? A Hip Hop Documentary [Trailer] - 08/10/2014
Ricky On Guitar And ShaoDow ft. Life White - The Rise MP3 [Indie] - 30/09/2014
Blak Twang - Dettwork Southeast LP [Sony] - 15/09/2014
Holdin' Court London And Reading 12th And 13th September - 08/09/2014
Conflicthiphop - Life Is Hard (LoopholeUK Remix) MP3 [Indie] - 28/08/2014
Fresh Island Festival 2014 - 04/08/2014
Spida Lee - Maze Of Life MP3 [Carriacou Jack] - 24/07/2014
A Way Of Life Premiere Autumn 2014 - 24/07/2014
Benny Diction And Able8 - RPM / Take Off MP3 [Boom Bap Professionals] - 06/05/2014
Karl Hinds - The Need To Be Heard LP [Ill Flava] - 07/10/2009
Various Artists - Evolution Of Hip Hop Vol. 2 CD [Hip Hop Informant] - 21/09/2009
Tactical Thinking - Too Broke To Go Solo LP [Tactical Thinking Ent.] - 21/09/2009
The Killer Meters - Breakin' Out LP [Breakin Bread] - 09/09/2009
Thavius Beck - Dialogue LP [Big Dada] - 01/09/2009
Jern Eye - Vision LP [MYX Music] - 05/08/2009
Sic Osyrus - Sic O Nomics 3 CD [Coast 2 Coast Mixtapes] - 26/07/2009
Sleaze - Theolovision LP [Greasy Vinyl] - 22/07/2009
Mike Faceless - Heir To The Throne LP [Faceless Entertainment / Gutterbomb Records] - 13/07/2009
Juice Aleem - Jerusalaam Come LP [Big Dada] - 11/07/2009
How much would you pay for an album?
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Big Toast & Ill Move Sporadic - You Are Not Special LP [Starch Records]
London's Da Flyy Hooligan Premieres New Video On Complex And Signs With US Label

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


White and gray may be holding steady as the most popular colors for kitchens, but I'm noticing a definite uptick in interest in adding touches of more vibrant hues into the mix. One way homeowners are seeking to introduce color is through appliances in unexpected shades, such as magenta, lime green and coral.
Colorful appliances were on display at the Kitchen & Bath Industry Show in February, where high-end appliance manufacturer Dacor showed off ovens and ranges that can be made in any color a homeowner chooses. Plus, I've noticed recently with my own design clients that stainless steel-appliance fatigue has set in. But these same homeowners aren't necessarily excited to install black or white or other neutral-hued appliances either.
I don't know which came first, the wide variety of colorful appliances available or the demand for them, but they are suddenly everywhere.
Of course, colorful appliances have been around a long time, almost as long as appliances have been available for purchase by homeowners. But the vast array of colors now available is unlike before, when a limited palette would move in and then out of fashion.
If you're ready to get on board with colorful kitchen appliances, have a chat with your design professional about just how colorful you want to go, and to coordinate other colors and finishes with your chosen appliance color.
This fun, retro kitchen goes all-in with coral appliances. They work so well here because the rest of the color palette is light and neutral and the space gets an abundance of natural light.
Are You a Fan of Pantone's 2019 Color of the Year?
Another strategy is to go for a fun color on one appliance and keep the remaining appliances neutral. Think about picking up the appliance color elsewhere in the room, such as a softer or darker shade of it on an adjacent wall. Here, Sogno Design Group expertly used a lighter version of the range color on the wall, which ties the colors of the space together beautifully.
You could also directly match some or all of your cabinets with a colorful appliance. In this kitchen, designed by architect Julia Staroselsky, I like how the vivid yellow refrigerator is visually balanced out by the bank of cabinets on the left. Much more of this vibrant hue could be overwhelming — this is just right.
This kitchen also features a range in eye-catching orange, this time paired with a large stainless steel vent hood.
Such a large range clad in stainless could run a bit cold and sterile, especially in an otherwise all-white kitchen. I therefore salute this bold color choice in this kitchen by RS Mannino.
Here's another mostly white kitchen — this one is by Bakstad Construction — that gets an exciting dash of color via the range. It's fun, and it brings so much warmth and personality.
Of course I'd be remiss if I didn't point out that colorful appliances can fit into any style of kitchen, not just modern or contemporary spaces. They also come in less intense hues, such as pictured here. Now if a range can be described as beautiful, this soft blue one makes the case. It's a nice touch of color in this elegant kitchen.
Bottom line: If you are renovating on an extremely tight budget, these appliances are probably not for you. But if you love the look of these colorful appliances and have a little more to spend, you can offset the splurge by going with more wallet-friendly cabinets and finish materials to make up the difference.
Your turn: Are you a fan of colorful appliances? What is or would be your chosen hue? Tell us in the Comments.
@maureengarrison2 you should look into the cost of having an auto paint shop painting your appliances a different colour. I believe it is cost effective compared to paying for top end appliances.
@Suzanne Melton No matter how you decorate your home whoever buys it is going to make changes. We all live our lives differently and have different requirements of our homes, so even if a buyer absolutely loves your home as is chances are in time they will want/need to make changes. So, live in a space that gives you joy. Unless you are planning to flip a property quickly and make a profit decorate for yourself and don't pander to a mythical future.
I have gotten excited about this in the past, but retro, color, and quality/options don't necessarily come all together, especially for the price. I got sick of S.S. in my last kitchen, moved towards white w/ SS trim. Slightly retro without the crazy price tag. But don't get me wrong, I would LOVE a $25,000+ french range!!!
Jolene, LaCornue might be $25K and up, but Lacanche is much less. A Lacanche is still not cheap though. They do have minimal electronics and so should last a lifetime. They are extremely well built.


Increased serum levels of procalcitonin (ProCT) and its componentpeptides have been reported in humans with sepsis. Using a hamster model ofbacterial peritonitis, we investigated whether serum ProCT levels are elevatedand correlate with mortality and hypocalcemia.
Incremental increases in doses of bacteria resulted inproportional increases in 72h mortality rates (0, 20, 70, and 100%) as well asincreases in serum total immunoreactive calcitonin (iCT) levels at 12 h (250,380, 1960, and 4020 pg/ml, respectively, vs control levels of 21 pg/ml).Gel filtration studies revealed that ProCT was the predominant (> 90%)molecular form of serum iCT secreted. In the metabolic experiments, total iCTpeaked at 12 h concurrent with the maximal decrease in serum calcium.
In this animal model, hyper-procalcitoninemia was an earlysystemic marker of sepsis which correlated closely with mortality and had aninverse correlation with serum calcium levels.
There are approximately 400000 cases of sepsis reported each year in the USA, leading to about 100000 deaths annually [1,2,3]. Indeed, mortality from sepsis in most series is reported to be between 25 and 40%, with Gram-negative bacteria being the most commonly encountered pathogens [3,4,5]. The severity of sepsis may distinguish those who may benefit from therapeutic blockade of their excessive and maladaptive immune response, from those who may not. Consequently, a practical way to determine the presence and severity of sepsis is essential. Although systems of evaluation based on clinical observations and physiologic parameters are helpful, they have been of limited use for predicting morbidity and mortality in individuals with inflammatory conditions, especially in surgical populations [6,7,8,9,10]. An early indicator of tissue injury should improve the predictive capability of these systems. Although several cytokines have been proposed as markers of disease severity, they are often transiently elevated, or detected only in local pools . In this regard, recent studies in humans have revealed that the prohormone of calcitonin (CT), procalcitonin (ProCT), as well as its component peptides offer promise of being early and useful predictive markers of systemic inflammation [11,12,13].
CT is a neuroendocrine (NE) peptide that was once thought to be exclusively a hormone of thyroid origin. Its principal function appears to be the conservation of body calcium stores in certain physiologic states such as growth, pregnancy and lactation, and the maintenance of bone mineral in emergency situations by means of attenuation of the activity of osteoclasts . Further study has revealed that CT is produced extrathyroidally by NE cells throughout the body, and may have multiple functions [15,16].
CT is initially biosynthesized as a larger ProCT polypeptide which is subsequently cleaved enzymatically into its components, including the mature, active hormone (Fig 1). Interestingly, in humans with severe systemic inflammation, very high serum levels of ProCT and its component peptides are accompanied by normal or only slightly increased levels of mature CT . In order to investigate whether serum ProCT levels might correlate with the severity of illness in sepsis, and thus might provide a convenient marker, we employed a rodent model of quantifiable Escherichia coli peritonitis, modified for use in the hamster . This model was then utilized to determine the metabolic perturbations associated with the procalcitonin peptide levels observed with sepsis.
The procalcitonin (ProCT) molecule and its components. AminoproCT= amino terminus of procalcitonin; immature CT = the 33 amino acid,non-amidated CT; CCP-I = calcitonin carboxyterminus peptide-I. In normalpeople, in addition to the free, active, mature CT, small amounts of ProCT,aminoproCT, CCP-I, the conjoined CT:CCP-I peptide, and the immature CTcirculate . The amino acid sequence of the ratmature CT is very similar to that of humans, and the sequence of hamster CT,although not yet known, reveals, by immunoassay studies, a marked homology withthe rat.
Male Golden-Syrian hamsters weighing 80–140g (Harlan Animals, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA) were housed in a controlled environment and were exposed to 12 h light–dark cycles. The animals had unrestricted access to water and standard rodent chow throughout the experiments. This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC.
Escherichia coli (O18:K1:H7) were obtained from Dr Alan S Cross, Division of Communicable Diseases and Immunology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC, USA. The bacteria were grown in 100 ml of LB Broth (Fisher Scientific, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA) at 37°C in a shaker water bath to log phase and stored in 250 μ l aliquots at -70°C until use.
On the day of an experiment, a 250 μ l aliquot of bacteria was thawed and grown in 100 ml LB broth at 37°C in a shaker water bath to log phase. The optical density of the specimen was measured at 600 nm on a Stasar III spectrophotometer (Gilford Instruments, Oberlin, Ohio, USA) and quantified by interpolation on a previously constructed curve of optical density plotted against colony forming units (cfu). Additional specimens were taken from the stock solution, and diluted and plated to confirm the counts estimated by spectrophotometry.
Bacterial suspensions of 2.0 × 108, 1.0 × 109, 2.0 × 109, or 4.0 × 109 cfu/ml E coli were pipetted in 0.5 ml aliquots into 8 mm plastic embedding molds (Shandon-Upshaw, War-rington, Pennsylvania, USA). Each pellet for implantation was made by adding 0.5 ml sterile molten agar at 50°C to the bacterial suspension, after which the mixture was allowed to solidify at room temperature. The final number of viable colony forming units of bacteria in each pellet was 1.0 × 108, 5.0 × 108, 1.0 × 109, or 2.0 × 109 cfu/pellet.
Individual hamsters were assigned to four groups (n = 16/group) to receive progressively increasing inocula of bacteria. Afteradequate anesthesia with 50 mg/kg pentobarbital via intraperitoneal injection,the abdomen of each animal was prepared with 70% alcohol and incised in themidline. Bacterial sepsis was induced by implanting one pellet in the rightlower quadrant of the peritoneal cavity of each animal. The abdominal incisionswere then closed with non-absorbable suture. Animals were caged individually,given unrestricted access to water and rodent chow and monitored for mortalityover a 72 h period.
After intraperitoneal implantation of agar pellets withprogressively increasing doses of E coli, separate groups (n = 10/group) were killed for serum total immunoreactive (i)CT determinations.Since mortality was evident but not prohibitively high at 12 h, we chose thistimepoint to determine serum total iCT levels. Therefore, 12 h after animalswere challenged with E coli, they were anesthetized withintraperitoneal pentobarbital (50 mg/kg) and exsanguinated by open cardiacpuncture. The blood was collected in individual tubes and centrifuged at3000 rpm for 15 min. The serum specimens were transferred to individual glasstubes, sealed with parafilm and stored at -70°C untilradioimmunoassay.
Serum was also obtained from a patient with documentedGram-negative sepsis and was stored at -70°C to be assayed with thehamster serum samples following G-75 Sephadex gel filtration for the purpose ofcomparison of molecular forms as described below.
Male hamsters (n = 16/group) underwent intraperitonealimplantation of agar pellets impregnated with 2 × 109 cfuEcoli (O18: K1: H7), according to the above implantation protocol. Thishigh dose was chosen for its ability to induce a significant increase of ProCTat 12 h in the proceeding experiments. Animals were killed in the previouslydescribed fashion at 3, 6, 12 or 24 h after septic challenge. Their sera wereanalyzed for serum total iCT per the radioimmunoassay described below, as wellas for total serum total calcium and serum albumin using a standard serummultichannel analyzer.
The samples were allowed to warm to room temperature and werepipetted into labeled glass test tubes in 1.0 ml aliquots, to which 100 μ ldextran blue (B-2000, 2 000 000 Da; Sigma Chemical Co, St Louis, Missouri, USA)was added. Five milliliter glass columns were rinsed with 1M ammoniumhydroxide:acetonitrile (1:1) and deionized water, after which fine-gradepolyacrylamide gel columns (5ml) were prepared (BioGel P-2; 100–200 mesh;Bio-Rad Laboratories, St Louis, Missouri, USA) using a glass bead to supportthe gel. The samples were applied to the columns and eluted with 0.1 M ammoniumbicarbonate containing 0.1% Triton X-100 (Pierce, Rockford, Illinois, USA). Thespecimens containing dextran blue were then recovered in their original testtubes, to which ethyl alcohol was added in a 2:1 volume ratio. These mixtureswere then centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 30 min, after which the supernatant foreach was decanted into new tubes and the pellet discarded. The solvent wasremoved using a Savant SpeedVac Plus (SC110A) over 2–4 h. The residue for eachsample was then reconstituted to the original specimen volume using gelatinbuffer (0.2% gelatin in borate buffer with 0.01% merthiolate and 0.1% TritonX-100). Using these techniques, peptide recovery is approximately 80%.
The radioimmunoassay design was similar to that previouslyreported . Initially, hamster serum total iCT fromgel filtration studies was determined by using an antiserum to thecarboxyl-terminal portion of mature human CT, Ab4. This antiserum reacts withthe CT molecule, whether it is in the free, amidated, 32-amino acid matureform, or within its precursor propeptides [ie procalcitonin, the conjoinedcalcitonin:calcitonin carboxypeptide-I (CT:CCP-1), or the free immature,unamidated CT]. Subsequent studies were performed with a new antibody, R1B4,which has ten times the crossreactivity of Ab-4 with the prohormone. The bufferwas 0.2% gelatin (0.13 M H3BO3 containing 9 g NaCl, 2 ggelatin, 1 ml Triton-X 100 and 0.1 g merthiolate/l at pH = 7.5). The antiserum waspreincubated with standards or unknowns (20–100 μ l) in 0.2 ml at 4°Cfor 4 days. After addition of 50 μ l 125I-hCT, and 200 μ l gelatinbuffer, incubation was continued for 2 days. After adding 50 μ l goatanti-rabbit IgG bound to iron particles, incubation was continued in 0.5 ml for1 day. Bound and free hormone were separated with magnetic tube racks. Maximumbound =37%; sensitivity =1g; 50% B/Bo =50pg.
Similarly to work previously reported ,constituted extracts, in 1–10 ml 0.2% gelatin or 0.2% HSA, were applied tocalibrated 2.5 × 100 cm columns containing G-75 superfine Sephadex(Pharmacia Biotech, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA) suspended in 0.1% human serumalbumin (1 g HSA, 0.1 mol NH4HCO3 and 0.1 g merthiolate/l atpH = 7.5) at 4°C. One hundred fractions (120 drops or 5.5 ml/tube) werecollected during 48 h in 16× 100 mm borosilicate glass culture tubes. Thevoid volume (VV) was based on the peak elution volume (EV) of blue dextran, andthe salt volume (SV) was based on the peak EV of Na125I. The Kav forindividual components was determined according to the formula: Kav =(EV–VV)/(SV–VV).
The mortality rates at 72 h for animals receiving progressively increasing doses of bacteria (n = 16/group) were 0, 20, 70, and 100%, respectively. Differences in mortality between all groups, including control animals (n = 17), were significant by Chi-square (P = 0.001). Furthermore, these values represent a direct relationship between the size of the inoculum of E coli and mortality (Fig 2).
Hamsters which were subjected to these graded doses of sepsis (n = 10/group) had serum total iCT levels at 12 h (mean ± SEM) of 250 ± 90, 380 ± 60, 1960 ± 490, and 4020 ± 510 pg/ml, respectively. Control animals (n =17) had serum total iCT levels of 21± 2 pg/ml. All groups were statistically distinct, except between 0 and 20% mortality (P = 0.001, Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA; Fig 3).
The molecular species of the total serum iCT in the serum was determined by radioimmunoassay of fractions obtained from Sephadex gel filtration of pooled hamster sera as described above. The molecular mass of the predominant species of iCT measured (ie > 90%) was approximately 14 000 Da. From previous data , it is known that this fraction corresponds to ProCT, which in humans is 12795 Da. As shown in Fig 4, this molecular fraction in the hamster co-elutes with the ProCT fraction in the serum of a septic patient .
Serum total iCT levels among groups exposed to a high dose of E coli (n = 13–15) and killed at 3, 6, 12 and 24 h increased from a baseline of 21 ± 2 pg/ml (mean ± SEM) to 78 ± 3, 542 ± 100, 3570 ± 920, and 4240 ± 1080 pg/ml, respectively. The changes in serum total iCT at all time points, except between 12 and 24 h, were statistically significant (one-way ANOVA, P = 0.001).
Total serum calcium levels at these timepoints were 11.6 ± 0.1, 12.1 ± 0.2, 9.4 ± 0.2, and 10.6 ± 0.4 mg/dl. The decrease at 12 h was statistically significant per MannWhitney rank sum test (P < 0.05). Simple linear regression reveals an inverse correlation between total calcium levels and total iCT (r = -0.81). Serum albumin levels varied minimally at 3, 6, 12 and 24 h from a baseline of 3.3 ± 0.1 g/dl, and therefore did not account for the decrease in measured calcium.
Relationship between inoculum of Escherichia coli andmortality. Low dose = 1.0 × 108 cfu/pellet, medium dose = 5.0× 108 cfu/pellet, high dose = 1.0 × 109cfu/pellet, and highest dose = 2.0 × 109 cfu/pellet.Mortality for low dose was 0%. *Significantly different from othergroups per Chi-square analysis, P < 0.001.
Relationship between inoculum of Escherichia coli andtotal immunoreactive calcitonin (iCT). Low dose = 1.0 × 108cfu/pellet, medium dose = 5.0 × 108 cfu/pellet, high dose = 1.0× 109 cfu/pellet, and highest dose = 2.0 × 109cfu/pellet. *Statistically distinct, except between low and mediumdoses, per one-way ANOVA, P = 0.001.
Comparison of chromatographs from septic human serum (a) and pooled septic hamster serum (b). The dominant peak in each graphhas an estimated elution position of 0.2 KaV, which corresponds to the elutionposition of human procalcitonin (ProCT) . CT,calcitonin; CT:CCP-1, conjoined calcitonin:calcitonin carboxypeptide-I.
The characteristics of the inflammatory response in sepsis suggest that successful treatment requires a clinically useful marker which can indicate the severity of illness and which is expressed early enough in the sepsis cascade to allow therapeutic interventions to be initiated in a timely manner . Additionally, insights into the biosynthesis, regulation, and physiologic activity of such a marker may illuminate some of the causative factors in the pathophysiologic and clinical events of the sepsis syndrome. Furthermore, the marker itself may prove to be a therapeutic target.
Serum levels of ProCT as well as its component peptides are massively elevated in burns , heat stroke , systemic infections , and other inflammatory states [12,22]. Using an antiserum to CT which recognizes the free mature CT, the immature CT within the ProCT molecule, and the conjoined CT:CCP-1 peptide, we have demonstrated that levels of serum total iCT are also elevated in the septic hamster. Then, utilizing gel filtration techniques, we showed that much of this iCT was in the form of ProCT; this is similar to the human subject with sepsis [17,23]. Our findings indicate a positive correlation between ProCT component peptides and the degree of sepsis. In this model, the series of metabolic experiments furthermore reveal that ProCT is temporally associated with and inversely correlated with serum total calcium levels.
CT is a single chain, 32-amino acid peptide that originates from the CALC-I gene on chromosome 11 . In humans the highest concentration of tissue iCT is in the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland. However, iCT can be detected throughout the body in NE cells of various tissues. Indeed, in humans the lungs contain more total iCT than does the thyroid gland .
While mature CT has diverse effects on various target tissues, its overall physiologic significance in normal individuals is not well understood. In health, its principal role is to protect against excessive bone turnover during times of increased need by attenuating the activity of osteoclasts . CT and its precursors, however, may exert other effects in health or in disease .
The polypeptide precursor of CT, pre-procalcitonin, undergoes cleavage of its leader sequence early in posttranslational processing to yield ProCT, and several constituent peptides (Fig 1). In normal, regulated secretion, ProCT is trafficked through the Golgi apparatus and then packaged into dense-core secretory vesicles [26,27]. Proteolytic processing within the trans-Golgi and the secretory vesicles culminates in the formation of the active, mature secretory product, CT, which is released by exocytosis at the apical surface of the NE cell. In the absence of an appropriate signal at the plasma membrane, these vesicles serve as storage repositories for mature CT.
In severe systemic inflammation in humans, however, enormous levels of ProCT and other component peptides appear in the serum, while mature serum CT remains normal or only minimally elevated . The cellular source of this increase in serum levels, and the reasons that ProCT and its component peptides are not processed to the mature hormone, are unknown. In inflammatory states, ProCT and its related peptides appear to be secreted by a continuous bulk-flow constitutive pathway, in which only limited conversion to mature CT occurs . One might postulate that severe inflammation causes such a profound hypersynthesis of the prohormone that the NE endoproteolytic machinery is overwhelmed. This may result in a marked shift to the constitutive pathway of secretion, resulting in an incomplete processing of precursors. In this respect, a shift to constitutive secretion has been reported to occur by the experimental induction of dysfunctional prohormone convertase enzymes or by injury to the plasma membrane . Perhaps some cytokines may induce constitutive secretion by such a process [30,31]. It is also possible that ProCT and its component peptides are released by non-NE cells, which normally possess regulatory mechanisms limiting the expression of ProCT mRNA; these inhibitory mechanisms may be deregulated by unusually high levels of inflammatory mediators. Stimulation of synthesis in such non-NE cells would result in a preferential production of ProCT because these cells lack the enzymes for complete prohormonal processing.
It is unknown what impact, if any, this increase of ProCT and related peptides has on patients. Hypocalcemia is a common finding in critically ill and especially septic patients. Indeed, the development of hypocalcemia in the critically ill has been shown to be associated with a poor prognosis [32,33]. ProCT contains within its structure the immature CT molecule; therefore, very high and sustained levels of ProCT might mimic one of the pharmaco/physiologic activities of CT, which is the lowering of serum calcium levels. In our experiments we noted that total iCT levels peaked at 12h following the septic insult. This was concurrent with a significant decrease in serum total calcium. Nevertheless, this association does not prove a causal relationship between elevated ProCT levels and hypocalcemia. Also, the relationship with ionized calcium was not determined in this study.
The early and marked hypersecretion of ProCT and its component peptides in inflammatory states makes them promising serum markers for the sepsis syndrome. These peptides are released into the central circulation and may act systemically, as opposed to many of the known mediators of sepsis, which are released locally and often act in an autocrine or paracrine fashion. An important feature of ProCT and some of its component peptides are their long half-lives, which contribute to their potential usefulness as serum markers. Indeed, elevated levels of ProCT peptides have been found to persist at least 24 h following an appropriate stimulus, in contradistinction to other markers, such as tumor necrosis fctor-α, whose levels may be only transiently elevated after an inflammatory challenge [34,35]. Thus, they provide a long-lasting target to evaluate the effects of immunoneutralization. Accordingly, we recently reported that ProCT markedly contributes to mortality in experimental sepsis, and that immunoneutralization of this molecule diminishes mortality in our model of hamster sepsis .
In summary, our animal experiments demonstrate an association between levels of serum ProCT and its component peptides with the degree of sepsis, reinforcing clinical findings that these peptides are useful markers for this condition, and may predict mortality. Further experiments to examine the cellular source, pathophysiology and metabolic activity of ProCT and its component peptides are warranted. Such studies may determine the role of these hormonal peptides in inflammation and sepsis.


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When I went to the corner store to scope out their holiday decorating wares a few weeks ago, I spotted a large coil of pine garland all bound up. The chicken-scratch sign seemed to read "15 ft. $25". Let me just start by saying that I have no idea what the street value of pine garland is, so that seemed like a fair price to me, and seemed like the perfect length for my staircase, so I purchased what was essentially a rubber-tire sized bundle. However, when I got the thing home and untied all the bindings, I realized that I had misread the sign and it was actually 75 feet of garland (or 60 feet more than anyone could conceivably need in Manhattan), so then I felt simultaneously like a bargain shopper for getting so much, and like a sucker for paying so much in the first place for what I thought was less. And I was stuck with a lot of garland, and not a lot of apartment to put it in. So, I draped it over our mantles with ribbons and holly, wrapped it all the way up the railing, stuck bits of it into wreaths and on our Christmas tree, and festooned the railings of our balconies. It looks classic (very Currier and Ives), smells great, and still looks pretty, even after it's dried. It seems I discovered a great economical Christmas decoration by accident. Next year, I might buy 150 feet.
After a snow-covered New England weekend, my husband and I are looking forward to flying to sunny California tomorrow for Christmas and the rest of the week.
Today I am zipping around finishing my gift shopping and packing, and readying the apartment for the week it will spend alone.
To keep myself from going insane today, and from having that "oh no, rotten bananas!" moment when we return home, I compiled a checklist of must-dos before leaving for a trip. All of it is common sense, but common sense I have completely lost in the rush to get out the door to catch a flight.
Clean out the fridge and kitchen of any produce or perishables that will go bad in your absence. Make sure you get rid of that Chinese Take-Out in the very back.
Unplug electronics you won't be needing. This will save them from damage in the event of an electrical storm, and will also save you money on your bill- a plugged-in microwave or TV uses electricity even when it's not in use.
Water all of your houseplants, and move them out of direct sunlight. They should be fine without another watering for at least a week. Throw out any cut flowers and rinse out the vase- those lovely blooms will be rotting corpses by the time you get back.
Pay your bills that will come due while you are away.
Do your laundry, even if you won't be needing any of it for the trip. Mildew-y towels are only going to get worse if you leave them in a hamper for a week. And while you're at it, do the dishes, too.
Make your bed and put away your clothes. Walking into a clean house or apartment after a long day of travel on your way back will help to take a little of the edge off of the fact that your vacation is over.
Hide your valuables. It's always wise to keep your most precious jewelry and whatnot in a non-obvious place, but it becomes even more important when you will be away from home for any length of time.
Ask a neighbor to take in your mail and newspaper or call and have the post office and paperboy put a hold on them so they don't build up outside, getting damaged and broadcasting your absence to n'er-do-wells.
Leave a key with a trusted friend or neighbor. It's always good if there is at least one person who can get into your house in the event of an emergency (or if you realize on the way to the airport that you left the tea kettle on the stove).
Lock up (obviously). Make sure you walk around and get all the doors and windows, including those in the bathrooms, and in your basement or attic.
Set your thermostat/heater or air conditioner on very low (in the Winter/Summer), to avoid extreme temperatures in your apartment that can damage plants, electronics, and perishables.
Take out the trash. This is best done right before you walk out the door with your suitcase, so you make sure to get rid of anything that might get (even more) gross or smelly.
Turn out all the lights and make sure anything potentially dangerous (space heaters, curling irons, Christmas tree lights) are also off. If you have one (and are a real trickster), you can also set a timer to have a few lights come on at night.
Enjoy your trip (and let the relaxation begin)!
For a comprehensive packing list, click here. And if you have any tips of your own for leaving for a trip, please feel free to post them in the comments section!
Who hasn't looked at a mossy, mushroom-covered log and thought, "I wish that was made out of chocolate cake, so I could eat it"? That's right, at some point or another, we've all made that wish, and, thankfully, it has finally come true. My family has always had a traditional büche de nöel (I've got mad punctuation skills) yule log cake for Christmas dinner, and for the last few years I have made it from scratch. The full recipe (find it here) takes the whole day- the log consists of a chocolate genoise cake rolled around a chocolate mousse center, frosted with chocolate ganache, and garnished with chocolate "bark" and meringue and chocolate mushrooms. It's surrounded by candied rosemary sprigs and cranberries, and then dusted with cocoa and powdered sugar. I take pleasure in the whole production of it, but it's a labor of love and care, and, I'm realizing, a total waste of time. At least, this year. My husband and I will be arriving at my childhood home in California on the afternoon of the 23rd, and I don't think I will be able to pull off the Christmas miracle it will take to put that thing together, and get all of my other baking in (and also spend the afternoon sunbathing and swimming in the pool with my friends and fam.) It pains me, but something's gotta give, and it looks like it's gonna be the log.
However, I have a couple strategies up my sleeve to make a close approximation of the original log, with very little of the elbow grease. My plan is to make this cake in its original log form, frost it with chocolate whipped cream, and decorate with pieces of store-bought toffee to represent the bark. See?- I know how to cut back and simplify.
Well, I might make the mushrooms ahead of time and pack them in my suitcase.
One of the harsh realities of home ownership is that we no longer have a live-in Super whose job it is to take care of all of our little home emergencies, and, in fact, now that's our job (gulp). So last week when our bathroom sink stopped draining, I immediately reached for the phone to call the plumber. But then I hesitated and thought "maybe I can do this".
What followed was an epic journey that resulted in an expert list of strategies, a more complete knowledge of how plumbing works, and, finally, a lovely cleared drain.
If you would like to save yourself a couple hundred bucks next time your sink drain clogs, try these techniques. And avoid that sinking feeling.
1. Remove Stopper. The first thing to try if your sink won't drain or is draining slowly is to remove the stopper from the drain- there may be hair or soap stuck on it which is obstructing water flow. Most of them will either just lift or screw out, but if yours doesn't, it is probably attached to something under the sink- poke your head under and investigate- you should be able to disconnect it easily.
2. Boiling water. Take your biggest pot and fill it with water, and bring it to a boil on your stove. Carefully pour boiling water down the sink drain- the hot water should dissolve some of the gunk collected in your pipes and clear it away (hot tap water won't be hot enough to accomplish this). Note: if you have PVC or plastic pipes, skip this step, as the boiling water might warp them). I don't recommend using the toxic chemical drain cleaners (and neither do the real plumbers I referenced on the internet), simply because they don't really seem to work, and then you are stuck with toxic chemicals in your sink.
3. Plunge. Fill the sink will enough water to cover the head of a plunger (if you still have boiling water sitting in your sink, add some cold water so you don't burn yourself). You will want to use a cup plunger which is specifically for sinks (not a flange plunger, which is for toilets- for obvious reasons, it's good to have one of each, and not try to just use one for both purposes- gross). Make sure you cover the overflow drain in your sink with a wet washcloth or rag, so the plunger doesn't just drive the water right back out. Plunge vigorously about a dozen times. Remove the plunger and see what happens. If it doesn't work the first time, try again before you move to step 4.
4. Get Plumbery. If you've made it this far, the bad news is that you have a really stubborn clog. The good news is that now you get to feel like a real plumber. Take everything out from under your sink, and place a bucket under your pipes (if there isn't enough space, a rimmed baking pan will do). Using a wrench (or just your hands if it's not too tight), untwist the two bolt-y things that are holding on the J-shaped trap pipe (water, and hopefully the obstruction, will come pouring out into the bucket). There may be some pretty gross stuff in there, so be fore-warned. Rinse the trap pipe (not in this sink, genius), and reattach. Try to erase the sight of nasty gunky hairball from your memory, and enjoy your now-perfectly flowing sink.
If you want to bake special cookies for the holidays, but the thought of using a mixer makes you break out in hives, fear not. There are lots of easy ways to take refrigerated cookie dough from the grocery store and dress it up to make it seem like homemade.
My two favorites are Cranberry Chocolate Chip and Sugar Cookie Snickerdoodles.
To make the Cranberry Chocolate Chip cookies, take pre-made chocolate chip cookie dough and place scoopfuls of dough on the cookie sheet. Stick 8-10 dried cranberries in each blob of dough. Then just follow the instructions on the tube. The result will be festive, seasonal cookies.
To make the Snickerdoodles, just take 1 cup of sugar and 3 tablespoons of ground cinnamon and mix them in a small bowl. Roll each ball of sugar cookie dough in the mixture before you put it on the cookie sheet (and then follow the directions on the tube). Cinnamonderful!


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Public to get access to Nuremberg trials digital recordings
By: AP
Posted: Oct 10, 2019 6:05 AM EST
Defendants listening to translated evidence at the Nuremberg Trials, Photo Date: 1945
PARIS (AP) — Audio recordings from the Nuremberg trials of Nazi leaders will be made available to the public for the first time in digital form after a nearly two-year process conducted in secret.
The Memorial of the Shoah in Paris will officially accept the recordings at a ceremony Thursday evening.
The files capture around several hundred hours of the historic trials in Nuremberg, Germany, from 1945 to 1946. Until now, they existed only on 2,000 large discs housed since 1950 in the library of the International Court of Justice in the Hague, Netherlands.
The court, the Paris Memorial and the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum commissioned French sound restoration firm Gecko to digitize the audio.
The public will soon be able to listen to the files in reading rooms at all three institutions.
Terry Jones, 'Monty Python' star, dead at 77
MLB stars Derek Jeter and Larry Walker elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame
SAG Awards: See the full list of winners
St. Joseph County News
St. Joseph County Police respond to crash in Clay Township


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"History Is Made at Night" and More DVD and Blu-ray New Releases
04.15.21 | Chris Cummins | Tags: Academy Award Winners, Alejandro Jodorowsky, Bill Pullman, Cameron Crow, Charles Boyer, Chris Penn, Criterion Collection, Daphne Zuniga, Dennis Quaid, Dick Van Patten, Donna Reed, Edmund Gwenn, Eric Stoltz, Fay Wray, Frank Morgan, Gregory Harrison, Jean Arthur, John Candy, Lana Turner, Lea Thompson, Lionel Atwill, Mary Pickford, Mel Brooks, Nia Peeples, Nicolas Cage, Preston Foster, Randy Quaid, Richard Thomas, Rick Moranis, The Exorcist, The Hallmark Channel, Tom Hulce, Van Heflin, William Friedkin, Zero Mostel | no comments
This week's new releases offer everything from a Criterion Collection edition of a 1930s favorite to star-packed releases from the Warner Archive Collection to a complete series set of an iconic cartoon. We think you'll find plenty of additions to…
How "The Exorcist" Changed The World
03.11.20 | Chris Cummins | Tags: 30 Days of Halloween, Horror Movies, The Exorcist, William Friedkin, William Peter Blatty | 2 comments
The Exorcist. The film remains, in my opinion, the most terrifying horror tale ever featured on the silver screen. William Friedkin's adaptation of William Peter Blatty's best-seller about demonic possession and a crisis of faith (among many other things) created…
William Friedkin and "The Exorcist"
07.01.18 | Peter Bell | Tags: 1970s Films, Ellen Burstyn, Jason Miller, Linda Blair, The Exorcist, William Friedkin, William Peter Blatty | 1 comment
MovieFanFare welcomes our newest guest blogger, Peter Bell, who shares his thoughts on why The Exorcist is such an enduring classic: "I have my finger on the pulse of America." These were the words of William Friedkin, Director, upon the…
Create-A-Caption: The Exorcist
05.20.18 | Chris Cummins | Tags: 1970s Films, Linda Blair, The Exorcist, William Friedkin | 1 comment
Q: Is there a horror movie more disturbing than The Exorcist? A: No. No there is not. William Friedkin's terrifying and deeply unsettling 1973 adaptation of William Peter Blatty's best-seller stars Linda Blair as Regan MacNeil, a young girl possessed…
Classic Trailer of the Day: The French Connection
01.30.18 | Chris Cummins | Tags: 1970s, Gene Hackman, The French Connection, William Friedkin | 1 comment
The French Connection is nothing short of a cinematic masterpiece. The film's mix of gritty realism, stunning action sequences and a career-defining role for star Gene Hackman as determined NYC police detective Popeye Doyle makes this one of the greatest…
Create-A-Caption: The French Connection
11.12.17 | Chris Cummins | Tags: 1970s Films, Gene Hackman, The French Connection, William Friedkin | 2 comments
Five Oscars, including Best Picture, Director, and Actor, were awarded to The French Connection, William Friedkin's fast-moving cop drama based on Robin Moore's book about a series of drug operations in the 1960s. Gene Hackman and Roy Scheider are New…
Robert Shaw and "The Birthday Party" You'll Never Forget
08.05.17 | Chris Cummins | Tags: Harold Pinter, Patrick Magee, Robert Shaw, William Friedkin | no comments
Hitting Blu-ray and DVD from KL Studio Classics on September 5th, The Birthday Party is a captivating dark comedy based on the play by Harold Pinter Robert Shaw stars as Stanley Webber, a piano player living at a rundown British…
When Gremlins Caused Mayhem At Breakfast
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Champdepraz é uma comuna italiana da região do Vale de Aosta com cerca de 640 habitantes. Estende-se por uma área de 48 km², tendo uma densidade populacional de 13 hab/km². Faz fronteira com Chambave, Champorcher, Châtillon, Fénis, Issogne, Montjovet, Pontey, Verrès.

Demografia

Comunas do Vale de Aosta

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


RadarOnline— Tiger Woods won his fifth Masters tournament today. And his 'shady lady' Erica Herman, 33, was by his side as he clinched his historic victory. The 43-year-old golf superstar staged his comeback in trademark final-round red shirt after injuries and personal struggles to clinch his win in Augusta after a 14-year wait. Herman wore a Read More The post Tiger Woods Wins Masters As Shady Girlfriend Erica Herman Celebrates Victory appeared first on RadarOnline.
New York Post—Tiger Woods kisses girlfriend Erica Herman after epic Masters win. Woods' comeback appears to be in full swing.


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Home Century Homes Calgary 2013 1934 12 ST SW
1934 12 ST SW
963.CR2 [22.71 MB]
Digital file - default
Title 1934 12 ST SW
Photographer J. Collinson
Description 1934 12 St SW
Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) received the patent to develop the land in which Mount Royal is situated. 20 years later CPR registered development plans and the city's boundary was extended to incorporate the area. The initial plan would have seen 12 Street end at Colborne. Lots were 'through lots" to allow formal entrances at the front and service access from the rear (hence our back lane access). Lot prices ranged from $500 to $6000 with average price being $1500 to $3000. Some of the caveats on house lots included only one building, to be used only as a single dwelling, minimum cost to be between $2000 to $5000 and must be a minimum of 25 feet from the street. The community was officially named Mount Royal in 1910. While the city had decided that all streets would be numbered, names were insisted on for Mount Royal. Unlike 13th Street which was Metcalfe originally or 11th Street was Provost, 12th Street was always 12th Street West. There was no need to indicate "South West" as the north side of the river was not yet developed.
1934 12 Street West first started appearing in the fireplans in 1911 as a 2 story wood house. It's style is arts and crafts. The first owners arrived two years later in 1913. Perhaps the lower brick story was completed in 1912? Other homes on the street were already inhabited as it looked like they built the west side of the street first.
Four families have called 1934 12 Street home. The first family was the McTeers from 1913 to 1946. The father, Archibald, worked in management at Sunlife Assurance Co. until his retirement. He and his wife Ida had 6 children with the hour boys being noted for their sports aptitude, particularly Archie jr.
The house was owned for a short time in 1947 by William Clark, GM of continental Auto Supply before being sold to Arthur e. Fry, also continental Auto Supply in 1948 and then Fred Nelson fry, VP of continental Auto Supply, in 1950. Fry families lived in the home until 1963.
The third family were the Lagasses. Clement was a lawyer who lived in the house until his death in 2000 (his wife, Christine, predeceased him). Their son sold us the house in 2001.
The house in inhabited by a long term CPR employee, a former CPR employee and their two cats. The wiring, plumbing, insulation and heating have been updated and three exterior leaded windows were opened up that had been hidden under lathe and plaster. Otherwise the house is much asit was when it was built over 100 years ago.
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Today's gift: a confession — I have always LOVED planning birthday parties for the twins. So, I was thrilled and excited to find out last night that my CircleofMoms post about planning birthday parties has received over 21,000 hits.
Wow!! OMG!! I'm humbled that my own experience as a Mom is touching so many.
I hope you enjoy the post. Happy Party Planning!


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Unforgettable Birthdays
Birthdays may seem less important as you grow older. They may not offer the impact of watershed moments such as getting a driver's license at 16 and voting at 18. But beginning at age 50, there are several key birthdays that can affect your tax situation, health-care eligibility, and retirement benefits.
50 — Taxable distributions from IRAs and qualified employer retirement plans before age 59½ are generally subject to a 10% early distribution penalty (20% for certain SIMPLE plan distributions) on top of any federal income taxes due. But if you are a qualified public safety employee you can take penalty-free withdrawals from your qualified retirement plan after leaving your job if your employment ends during or after the year you reach age 50.
55 — If you're not a qualified public safety employee, you can take penalty-free withdrawals from your qualified retirement plan after leaving your job if your employment ends during or after the year you reach age 55.
59½ — And all withdrawals from qualified retirement plans and IRAs are penalty-free after you reach age 59½, whether or not you're still employed. Ordinary income taxes generally apply to these distributions. (Withdrawals taken prior to age 59½ may be subject to a 10% federal income tax penalty.)
62 — You are eligible to start collecting Social Security benefits, although your benefit will be reduced by up to 30%. To receive full benefits, you must wait until "full retirement age," which ranges from 66 to 67 depending on the year you were born.
65 — You are eligible to enroll in Medicare. Medicare Part A hospital insurance benefits are automatic for those eligible for Social Security. Part B medical insurance benefits are voluntary and have a monthly premium. To obtain coverage at the earliest possible date, you should generally enroll about two to three months before turning 65.1
72 — You must start taking minimum distributions from most tax-deferred retirement plans or face a 50% penalty on the amount that should have been withdrawn. Annual required minimum distributions are calculated according to life expectancies determined by the federal government.
Source: 1) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
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Securities and investment advisory services offered through Woodbury Financial Services, Inc. (WFS), member FINRA/SIPC. WFS is separately owned and other entities and/or marketing names, products or services referenced here are independent of WFS. Securities are not FDIC Insured, not guaranteed, and may lose value. WFS does not provide tax or legal advice.
Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards Inc. owns the certification marks CFP®, CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™, CFP® (with plaque design) and CFP® (with flame design) in the U.S., which it awards to individuals who successfully complete CFP Board's initial and ongoing certification requirements.
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I loved doing this interview with Caylin Harris from Prosecco and Plaid (the successful fashion blog started by my incredibly spectacular cousin, Jess Kirby). It was a great way to get excited about the emergence of the new fall energy and what opportunities and possibility are available with this powerful shift.
"Fall is coming. And yes, we know that it doesn't officially start for another two weeks, but like it or not that seasonal shift is happening. So why not use the energy and mindset change to help you accomplish goals or reaffirm commitments you've made to yourself? We spoke to Emily Perkins, a holistic health practitioner with a focus in holistic life coaching about how to get the most out of the changing seasons and achieve your goals this fall.
P&P : Why is there so much buzz around the seasonal shift from summer to fall?
Emily: While summer can be a great and an often needed break, the cool fall air brings in a wave of refreshing newness, a blank slate for your life. Seasonal changes are a phenomenal shift of new energy, a revival and reminder of what we're committed to. It's palpable. It facilitates movement and change. Take advantage of being more energized/motivated and re-focus.
P&P: How can we make the most of this seasonal shift?
Emily: Focus on your commitments. Whether it's a healthy body or creating a happy work life, our commitments to ourselves have a ton of power. I recommend working on two to four different areas of your life at a time, more can be too overwhelming. Figure out what your goals are and create actions and plans around them. If you can figure out the why behind your goals it will give you the foundational drive to accomplish them. Get curious about where your goals are coming from.
P&P: What's the best way to do that?
Emily: The question I always start with is what will that give you. Keep asking yourself that question until your answer is down to one word. Our goals are fueled by deeper feelings. Identifying this underlying feeling creates more commitment and keeps your goals in the forefront.
P&P: What are some actionable ways people can put this into practice in their day-to-day lives?
Emily: After you identify what you want to change in your life, if you can, check in with yourself daily. Ask yourself what your intentions are and what do they serve. Check that your intentions are aligning with your thoughts, words and actions. Complete small daily actions or tasks that will help move you forward. Don't do more than six.
Emily: Small steps are a great way to give yourself an opportunity to win while getting outside your comfort zone. It keeps you moving in the direction of your commitments, but nothing is so big that if you don't do it you feel like you're failing. You've got to give yourself things you can win at.
P&P: So it's all about small steps? Are there any other techniques we should keep in mind?
Emily: Yes! Remember that adjusting to something new can be hard. Be gentle and kind with yourself. It's the most effective thing we can do. You need to accept the ups and downs. It's amazing how far a little kindness can go.
P&P: What are some techniques when you're feeling overwhelmed?
Emily: Get curious about your overwhelmed cycle. Everyone has a pattern and a way it normally happens for them. See where you can interject something that gives you relief. Some people find journaling helpful or if you're overwhelmed with a to-do list, what is one thing that you can check off that will make you feel better? Try to give yourself a hand be kind with yourself. It is incredibly powerful.
P&P: For those who might be wondering, what is a life coach?
Emily: It's a really common misunderstanding that life coaches give advice. But it's not therapy. They partner with you to empower you and help you reach your goals, while exploring what's getting in the way of what you really want. It's for people who want to grow and expand and live fully.
Who else is feeling ready to conquer the rest of 2016? Let us know how you're achieving your goals in the comments."


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https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703957904575252590594243962
Planning for the Unthinkable
Most 18-year-olds don't have a will. Here's why they probably should.
By Daisy Maxey
June 14, 2010 12:01 am ET
Here's something most teens overlook as they get ready to head off for college: a last will and testament.
That's the last thing, of course, any parent wants to think about. But some experts say a will should be drawn up as soon as a child turns 18, the age at which someone typically can enter into a legal contract.
McLaughlin & Stern estate-planning attorney T. Randolph Harris talks with Dow Jones reporter Daisy Maxey about why it's a good idea for young people to have a will.
Read the complete Wealth Adviser report.
For Those in the Military, Wills Are Sad Necessities
Peter Bielagus, a former financial adviser who gives speeches to young people about managing their money, often tells his listeners to create a will simply because it starts them off on the right foot. Drafting a will gets young people thinking about what happens in the future—after they get married and have children—as well as about what they own and how much it's worth, Mr. Bielagus says.
"It puts you in the mind-set of someone who's going to have a successful financial life," says Mr. Bielagus, who lives in Bedford, N.H.
There are more practical reasons, as well. Young adults often have money, possessions or families to protect. They may have a job that pays well. Or a grandparent may pass away, leaving them with a trust, says Carol Pepper, chief executive at Pepper International, a New York-based money-management company that works for wealthy investors. People leave all kinds of things to their children or grandchildren. If young adults want to direct where these possessions will go if they die, she says, "it's important to have a will."
If a person dies without one, state law determines how the assets will be distributed. That will mean less money and more stress for the heirs—an unpleasant prospect for family members already dealing with the tragic death of a young person.
It can also lead to long delays. If a sibling were to die in an accident along with both parents, and that sibling had no will, a surviving brother or sister is likely to be designated as the heir. But the inheritance and insurance money could be tied up in the courts for a long time because of "that huge missing link," Mr. Bielagus says.
For obvious reasons, anybody entering the military is encouraged to have a will. Even young people without a lot of money should consider a will, experts say. Meaningful possessions could include a dog or a favorite compact-disc collection, says Patrick Munro, a financial planner with NorthStar Financial Advisors in Wilmington, N.C.
Douglas B. Jones
"If something happens to you, what's going to happen to that animal?" Mr. Munro says. "Is it going to go to a shelter or perhaps be euthanized?"
Wills can be created inexpensively with attorneys or by using Internet resources or books with form letters. "You can get a will done for $200 if your estate is rather simple," Mr. Bielagus says.
It's also important for wills created for young adults to be updated periodically to reflect new assets and additions to their families.
Teenagers often have spouses or children. In most states, if one spouse dies without a will, the property will go to the surviving spouse, says Melody Breeden, an attorney in Myrtle Beach, S.C. But in South Carolina, half of the property goes to the surviving owner and half goes to the children, even if they are minors. Children under 18 must go to court and get conservatorship in order to hold property, Ms. Breeden says. Then, if the surviving spouse ever wants to refinance or sell the house, the court has to give its approval on behalf of the minor.
T. Randolph Harris, an estate-planning attorney with McLaughlin & Stern LLP In New York, says it's important that parents of any age have a will to state who will be their child's guardian if they pass away.
And in some states, if a person of any age is married with no children and dies without a will, their wealth will be split between the parents and spouse, Mr. Harris says. "That's a case where a young person who's married would want to make sure his things go where he wants them to," he adds.
Regardless of a young person's own family situation, a will may also be drawn up to keep an extended family's estate planning intact. Tina Albright, a New York-based private-client lawyer with Kozusko Harris Vetter Wareh LLP who works with ultra-high-net-worth families, recently created a will for two brothers—one 19 years old and in college, the other in his mid-20s and working. The will was written so that money the brothers had received from their parents wouldn't revert back to the parents' estate if something were to happen to the brothers.
If that were to happen, Ms. Albright says, "you've just defeated the estate planning the parents have done."
Broaching the subject of a will is not as difficult as some parents think. Young adults are generally excited about anything that solidifies their recent adulthood, so parents can bury the topic of wills among other financial tasks, says Mr. Bielagus, the financial adviser. He recommends telling the child: "We're going to open a bank account in your name, meet with a stockbroker or financial adviser, and meet with an attorney and write a will." He says, "It's playing to the idea of being an adult."
Ms. Maxey is a reporter for Dow Jones Newswires in New York. She can be reached at daisy.maxey@dowjones.com.


This sword is beautiful in the very traditional sense of the samurai. Thesamurai found beauty in all things in nature. Carved into the scabbard of thissword is the kanji for "Honor " the summation of all that a samurai is. Theblade of the sword is HQSS stainless steel, already sharpened, with the hamonalong the edge of the blade.