text:
Q: Wait a signal with timeout , if the signal is received just continue the execution (no action associated to the signal) i'm trying to wait for a signal with a timeout.
I'm implementing a keep alive functionality for a distributed hash table. A server can be connected to other servers and it need to know if a connected server had a problem and is no longer connected.
Here the first function that will send a signal if a server is still alive.
void sendSignalKeepAlive(struct server *serverTable,unsigned int *serverCursor,struct server *s)
{
  for (size_t i = 0; i < *serverCursor; i++)
  {
    if( strcmp((char*)serverTable[i].ip,(char*)s->ip)==0 && serverTable[i].port==s->port)
    {
      pthread_kill(serverTable[i].keepAlive,SIGUSR1);
    }
  }
}

And then the other function associated to a thread associated to a server, which wait for a signal to know if the server is alive. If the thread does not receive the signal before a defined time the thread delete the server and then end. If the thread receive the signal it will just loop and wait for another signal.
void *keepAlive(void *s)
{
  struct keepAliveThread *kat = (keepAliveThread*)s;

  //prepare the signal handler for our thread that will indicate that the server is alive, and prepare the timeout that indicate that the server is dead
  sigset_t mask;
    struct timespec timeout;
  sigemptyset (&mask);
    sigaddset (&mask, SIGUSR1);

  timeout.tv_sec = 10;
    timeout.tv_nsec = 0;

  while(1)
  {
    int sig = sigtimedwait(&mask, NULL, &timeout);
    printf("SIG VALUE%d\n",sig);
    if( sig < 0)
    {
        if (errno == EAGAIN) //timeout: the server is dead
        {
          printf("Timeout server with ip %s and port %u \n",kat->serv->ip,kat->serv->port);
                deleteServer(kat->serverTable,kat->serverCursor,kat->serv,kat->serverTableSize);
          pthread_cancel(pthread_self());
            }
    }
    else
    {
      printf("SIGNAL RECEIVED %d\n",sig);
      printf("Receive keep alive from server ip %s and port %u\n",kat->serv->ip,kat->serv->port);
    }
  }
}

Is it possible ? I just wanted to send a signal with no action associated but i can't find how to do it.
[updated] SIGUSR1 give me User defined signal 1 and then it end the thread. I changed the signal send from SIGINFO to SIGUSR1 of the displayed code in this topic,i was doing test and i forget to change it before pasting it on this topic, sorry for my mistake. But i'm still wondering if it is possible to send a signal to tell my thread to continue its execution without ending it.

A: In the thread keepAlive(), you have to block the signal the thread is waitig for using pthread_sigmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask, NULL); before the while loop.
If the signal isn't blocked, then the signal will have the default behaviour on the program, so SIGUSR1 will end the program.
Here is an example:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <errno.h>

pthread_t server1,server2,ka1,ka2;

void deleteServer(pthread_t server) {
  pthread_cancel(server);
}

void sendSignalKeepAlive(pthread_t server)
{
  pthread_kill(server,SIGUSR1);
}

void *keepAlive(void *s)
{
  pthread_t server = *((pthread_t*)s);

  char * servername;
  if(server == server1) servername = "server1";
  else if(server == server2) servername = "server2";

  sigset_t mask;
  sigemptyset (&mask);
  sigaddset (&mask, SIGUSR1);
  //////////////////////////////////////////////
  // Here SIGUSR1 is blocked for this thread:
  //////////////////////////////////////////////
  pthread_sigmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask, NULL);

  struct timespec timeout;
  timeout.tv_sec = 10;
  timeout.tv_nsec = 0;

  while(1)
  {
    int sig = sigtimedwait(&mask, NULL, &timeout);
    printf("SIG VALUE%d\n",sig);
    if( sig < 0)
    {
        if (errno == EAGAIN) //timeout: the server is dead
        {
          printf("Timeout %s\n",servername);
                deleteServer(server);
          pthread_cancel(pthread_self());
            }
    }
    else
    {
      printf("SIGNAL RECEIVED %d\n",sig);
      printf("Receive keep alive from %s\n",servername);
    }
  }
}

void * server_thread( void * data) {
  while(1) {
    sleep(2);
    sendSignalKeepAlive(ka1);
    sendSignalKeepAlive(ka2);
  }
}

int main() {
  pthread_create(&server1,NULL,server_thread,NULL);
  pthread_create(&server2,NULL,server_thread,NULL);
  pthread_create(&ka1,NULL,keepAlive,&server1);
  pthread_create(&ka2,NULL,keepAlive,&server2);

  pthread_join(ka1,NULL);
  pthread_join(ka2,NULL);
  pthread_join(server1,NULL);
  pthread_join(server2,NULL);
}


text:
Levin Dorko Collins Learning Ltd
by Amber, craft, critical thinking, math, rube goldberg contraptions, science, STEM
how to win a contest that hasn't even happened yet (part one)
Posted by amber dorko stopper on March 7, 2017 March 18, 2017
A few years ago I took Béla over to Drexel University's engineering school, where students were trying to set the World Record for the largest Rube Goldberg contraption ever. It was fun to see, but it wasn't really a nail-biter, as the contraption failed in more places than it worked, and needed a lot of nudging, pretty much from the get-go.
Later on in that year the whole family went to what is now known as the Philly Contraption Contest. This was an even better event, because there were more contraptions, and they were made by younger kids, and some of them worked. And there was a craft table, and, I believe, pizza. It was a good time.
I was glad to see that the Contraption Contest was open to homeschoolers whenthe information about it popped up this year. I signed us up. I knew our kids would be at the younger end of it, and I knew our it would be hard to find someone their age who could commit to the project (the minimum size for a "team" was three), but those were the only two — to me, at the time — visible bulwarks.
Claudia and Béla decided that our contraption would be Baba Yaga-themed. A lot of things are this year.
There were two major components to the actual competition: the mechanics of the contraption, and a creative narrative/storytelling component. I knew what part I was going helpful for — the narrative, the visuals, the "crafty" parts. As for the ten dynamic components needed to fulfill the competition requirements, I figured Tucker would be a big help (and indeed, he is.)
While we tried a few brainstorming sessions with a somewhat older cyber-schooled kid, scheduling and transport of our kids was difficult for Ben, and Claudia and Béla were confused and frustrated at having to hold back on developing new ideas, as they felt they had to "wait" till the one hour of the week that they met with their proposed partner, yet were having inspirations and discussions about the project at home, together… because they live together.
Knowing that working just as a pair might make them ineligible for the contest, they decided it was the best way to continue. They were just sort of "playing the home game." To fulfill the rules of the action Contraption Contest in Philly, the contraption had to water a plant, and we continued to go with that as our predicted end result as well.
To me, "a Rube Goldberg machine" is my old Mouse Trap board game. That shaky cage coming down the pole is all my memory had retained of it, but Wikipedia re-lit some synapses: In a proper operation, the player turns the crank, which rotates a vertical gear, connected to a horizontal gear. As that gear turns, it pushes an elastic-loaded lever until it snaps back in place, hitting a swinging boot. This causes the boot to kick over a bucket, sending a marble down a zig-zagging incline (the "rickety stairs") which feeds into a chute. This leads the marble to hit a vertical pole, at the top of which is an open hand, palm-up, which is supporting a larger ball (changed later on to a marble just like the starter one). The movement of the pole knocks the ball free to fall through a hole in its platform into a bathtub, and then through a hole in the tub onto one end of a seesaw. This launches a diver on the other end into a tub which is on the same base as the barbed pole supporting the mouse cage. The movement of the tub shakes the cage free from the top of the pole and allows it to fall.
I could feel every bit of that happening. Just reading the description brought back the boot, the "rickety stairs" piece (all one molded unit), the bathtub and diver.
Everything made of the same material.
That had me really stumped. Were there kids out there who knew instinctively how to make machines like this out of household objects — out of all different materials, and weights, and things meant to have other uses? We didn't have much around our house that even looked like the components of a contraption, other than dominoes.
We bought a pump-mister, having decided that our "plant" would be moss (under, and on the gate, of Baba Yaga's hut), and we bought a mortar and pestle for Baba Yaga to ride in, and Claudia began needlefelting Baba Yaga herself. Cool, but none of these things had any dynamic motion, nor did we know how to get them any.
We watched many videos of Rube Goldberg-type machines and contraptions, and while the kids were able to imagine all kinds of things going perfectly, in real life, none of them were viable, and they weren't getting a sense for what was. Their "sketches" of their machines were even less conforming to reality.
(This looks like Béla's work. I think the notation "Something does it so…" is pretty representative of their whole thinking process this early in the project.)
They needed something to actually touch and use.
Well. I don't know how Rube learned to do it, but it seemed to me that flat pieces of wood, and balls, even if purchased together in the same box, were necessary tools for learning. And boom — I had cause-and-effect, trial and error, and busy, happy, learning kids. (Yes, these two balls and pile of pieces of wood are sold as a "kit". I think it's quite worth it.)
This is just one of the videos made that day, but Béla had used the word "effectively" in every one of them.
So. We had this, which was something, and we continued ahead with design elements (purchasing hollow plastic skulls which Béla could make the LED battery pack and switch for — this image based on the story of Vassilisa the Beautiful, which also involves Baba Yaga.)
But we still only knew how to make balls roll down things and knock things down.
Dammit.
Wasn't there some solid science to this?
The Six Simple Machines of Physics.
Learning about these meant buying another "kit". But, for twelve dollars, we got a heck of a lot of knowledge. In short order, Béla had constructed a variety of levers, and a compound pulley.
Pre-fab? Or the best way to learn? Both — but, most importantly, the second. I cannot imagine having to try to make a compound pulley out of household objects, none of which were manufactured for the purpose of being part of a pulley. And what good would that have done the kids without seeing an actual, intentional pulley first?
So behold this photo, of my incredibly in-flow kids, neurons firing, ideas coming faster than they can get them out of their mouths. They are prototyping their contraption, their materials may no longer be considered suitable (I love this photo particularly because there are LITERALLY boxes labelled CONTRAPTIONS and PHYSICS in it — it's practically a Warner Bros. cartoon)… but they. Are. Learning.
Building a Rube Goldberg machine was no longer a boundless project, where there was no link between their fantasies of what that machine might be and the reality of what they understood to be possible in the physical world. Now, they were (with Tucker's teaching), measuring (in Newtons) the effort needed to lift a thing on one's own versus using a wedge to lift it.
Their drawings started looking more specific.
The kids and I began a six-part series in how to work with LEDs on instructables.com. Much of it was things they had worked with before — soldering, battery cases — but we got them a breadboard, and a few other helpful little things so that we could light up our skull like Vassilisa.
At one point, the kids were working on their contraption and Béla was describing some rather convoluted action that would take place, and included the phrase "and… something makes it go," and I said "You know, that's THE most dangerous phrase in contraption building, I think."
He liked that, and it stuck with him. If you are building a contraption, and part of your master plan is "something makes it go", believe it — you are going to be backtracking to that step sometime soon.
Today, we concentrated one one "simple machine" alone — the screw. A friend had shown me a set of plastic screws, and tools for puncturing and securing, meant for making movable cardboard toys and structures. The kids had gotten the set for Hanukkah but did not get to try it until today. In an attempt to get time enough for a second cup of coffee, I handed them the plastic screws and some broken boxes. Three hours went by before they even thought about another activity (eating).
They asked to listen to the Talking Heads.
At some point, Claudia came running at me, quoting from Vassilisa the Beautiful about a knight "dressed all in white" — they had found a way to incorporate David Byrne and his Big Suit into the project. Béla concentrated on Sir David while Claudia made Vassilisa.
Béla was definitely surprised that a good portion of the "schooling" day was being allowed free reign to use a hammer that had a knife for a handle. I think Ben had gotten them these multi-tools while on a business trip.
In my personal opinion, our process and materials have strayed far from "competition" standards and I am perfectly happy with that. Attending the competition in the past has been fun and we are spending so much time and energy on this project, the kids have said (and demonstrated) that they are happy doing it for its own sake. Also, our schedule has been thrown way out of whack this month because I was asked to speak at a conference at Oxford University, and we have to go to England! Our resources of time, energy and motivation for basic housekeeping are at a premium, but right now, the Baba Yaga Contraption is "school" and we are in a serious groove. (Really, you should have heard the three of us on "Take Me To The River".)
We are grateful to the Philly Contraption Contest and how it has inspired us. Today was the day I realized I had no way of fitting all that this was giving us into just one post… so expect at least two more! Our mortar runneth over, with Baba Yaga displacing whatever else was in there. Watch this space!
Previous Post black athena
Next Post more on claude's "black athena" project

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
if [ $# -le 1 ]
then
  echo "Usage: $0 word file ..." ; exit 1
else
  word=$1 # Store the word (first parameter $1)
  shift	# Shift parameters by one
  while [ $# -gt 0 ] # The new parameter ($1) is the first file
  do
    grep "${word}" "$1" > /dev/null
    if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then # If grep has found the word
      vim -nw "$1" & # we edit the file with vim
    fi
    shift # Shift parameters again
  done
fi

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Online Edition - January 2002
Issue Highlight — Teams Are Awesome!
-In Teams Are Awesome! -- We offer you the power, energy, and innovation that come out of teams working together to improve their work, their work environment, and, as often as not, themselves. They truly inspire awe. Here we present four teams selected at random from those who have entered AQP's Team Excellence Competition.
Fish Philosophy and Teamwork
Connected But Not Connecting
Thriving Through Teamwork
Ten Compelling Reasons Why Your Company Shouldn't Downsize
Resolving Identity-Based Conflict in Nations, Organizations, and Communities
By Jay Rothman
For the advanced Quality and Participation (Q&P) practitioner who works with conflict.
For the general Q&P practitioner audience.
In his work, Jay Rothman brings together two of the most passionate forces in human life—identity and conflict. Based on his experience, Rothman has developed a valuable framework to help those of us working at the confluence of these two streams to find our way. This book does a wonderful job of providing: context for the framework, an in-depth description of the framework, and specific examples at the organization, community, and national level.
Identity-based conflict stems from threats to or frustration over core identity issues such as dignity, safety, participation, efficacy, and control. It is often rooted in history, culture, and basic belief systems. Identity-based conflict is fundamentally different from conflict stemming from disputes over tangible resources or seemingly incompatible interests. Identity-based conflict is often misdiagnosed, misunderstood, and mistakenly treated as resource-based conflict. Unfortunately, approaches that are effective with resource-based conflict, such as clearly defining interests and identifying acceptable compromises, can actually deepen identity-based conflict and further entrench those involved. For practitioners, understanding these differences and being able to shape appropriate responses is critical because "Group identity conflicts are an increasingly important and identifiable class of conflict, with patterns and characteristics that run within and among all levels of social organization."
The primary audiences for this book are practitioners and others who actively work with conflict. Because of the deeply rooted nature of identity-based conflict, Rothman's suggested approaches may not be for the novice practitioner. While the concept of identity-based conflict and the ARIA framework—antagonism, resonance, invention, and action—may be new ground, Q&P practitioners will discover many familiar touch points within this work. Many of the thinkers upon whom Rothman draws from, such as Lewin and Argyris, are central to the Q&P theory streams. The ARIA framework rests on the core values, such as interdependence, shared by many Q&P practitioners. And, the case studies describe the application of reflection and participation methods and tools in which many Q&P practitioners are fluent. In other words, the ARIA framework allows Q&P practitioners to take much of what we already know how to do, think about it in a new context, and use it to competently extend our practice into important new territory.
As I read this book I was continually struck by its relevancy to our current situation. Rothman's ARIA framework is a valuable contribution for Q&P practitioners who are grappling with finding ways to effectively contribute to the work at hand. Rothman provides us with a framework so that "the work of peace can still continue at the human and functional levels" even in the midst of divisive conditions in the larger system.
Reviewed by Fredricka Joyner who may be reached via e-mail at FJOYNER@CRH.org .
January 2002 News for a Change Homepage


text:
CFRAH to Town of New Castle: Halt Conifer Project Until MTA Addresses Safety Concerns
October 18, 2016 by Inside Press
Chappaqua for Responsible Affordable Housing (CFRAH) has written to the New Castle Town Board asking that it halt further approvals for the Conifer 28 unit affordable housing project until a full safety evaluation is performed by MTA. Earlier an MTA safety inspection team informally took a first look at the Conifer site at the request of our supervisor, Rob Greenstein. The safety team expressed grave concerns in the event of a derailment to such extent that they would recommend against granting Conifer the easement and "no build agreement" necessary for the Conifer project in view of its closeness to the MTA/Metro North tracks.
The safety team saw the potential for building collapse, loss of life and injury to occupants. The Conifer apartment building would be fifteen feet from the tracks and supported by columns from the ground floor open parking area, supporting the three residential floors above. These factors, the MTA safety team logically concluded, would make the proposed residential building vulnerable to collapse in the event of a derailment.
CFRAH was shocked to learn that MTA upper management directed the safety inspection team not to do an on-site analysis and evaluation of risk in the event of derailment or other accident. Historically there have been derailments in Chappaqua. CFRAH reminded the Town of the unpredictability of railroad accidents and the example of the horrible grade crossing collision in Hawthorne that took the lives of six commuters, two of whom were from Chappaqua.
No explanation has been given for the MTA's refusal to allow its safety experts to conduct the complete analysis. CFRAH has urged the Town to insist that the MTA safety experts be authorized and directed by MTA to evaluate the risks to the occupants of the proposed Conifer apartments in the event of collision or derailment or other unforeseen events involving the railroad and its proximity to the project.
To read the letter sent to the board, in its entirety, please see our Facebook group "Chappaqua for Responsible Affordable Housing".
Filed Under: New Castle Releases Tagged With: affordable housing, CFRAH, Chappaqua, Chappaqua for Responsible Affordable Housing, Conifer Project, Town of New Castle
As One Town Resolves the HUD Dispute, Another Fights On
August 25, 2016 by The Inside Press
Affordable housing is being built on Old Route 22 in Armonk. Andrew Vitelli Photos.
By Andrew Vitelli
"It's really mind-boggling, if you think about it," New Castle Supervisor Rob Greenstein says. Sitting just a stone's throw from the site of the controversial Chappaqua Station housing project, Greenstein is referring to criticism of the town coming from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development and from a monitor appointed following a 2009 settlement between HUD and Westchester County. "I think they should be singing our praises and holding us up as an example of doing more than our share. And instead, we're criticized."
In purely numerical terms, New Castle has more than carried its weight; even without Chappaqua Station, which Greenstein opposes, more than 30 units are in the pipeline. But the fight over Chappaqua Station, built on Hunts Lane between the railroad tracks and a Saw Mill Parkway exit ramp, has dragged on for years and put the town in the middle of a bitter fight between HUD and county leadership.
On Old Route 22 in Armonk, meanwhile, a row of freshly-built multifamily homes has sprung up, construction equipment sitting outside. In July, North Castle was removed from a list of municipalities facing legal action over their zoning laws and the concentration of multi-family housing within the municipality. The town's presence on the list, the town's supervisor says, had more to do with the lack of infrastructure throughout much of the town–along with the flooding of Kensico village a century ago–than any discriminatory intent on the town's part, and in the end the HUD-appointed housing monitor agreed. "I've found them to be very receptive to our communications," Supervisor Michael Schiliro says.
These towns are just two of more than 30 towns and villages impacted by the settlement, but their stories give a closer look at how the settlement has played out in many of these communities.
The housing settlement, which has cast a shadow over Westchester politics for nearly a decade and brought the county to the center of a battle over federalism, government overreach, and allegations of modern-day segregation, was signed in August 2009 by then-County Executive Andrew Spano. In 2007, the Anti-Discrimination Center, a Manhattan based non-profit which fights housing discrimination, sued the county over accusations that the county had been collecting federal funds earmarked for low-income housing without meeting the requirements necessary to receive these funds. In February 2009, U.S. District Court Judge Denise Cote ruled that the county had failed to conduct an analysis of impediments to address claims of housing discrimination. Facing the possibility of liabilities of more than $150 million, Spano had no choice but to agree to the settlement, under which Westchester admitted no wrongdoing but agreed to commit $51.6 million to building 750 affordable housing units, mostly in municipalities, including New Castle and North Castle, with few black or Latino residents.
That November, Rob Astorino, a Republican and an opponent of the settlement, unseated Spano to become county executive. While Astorino vowed to comply with the settlement, the last six and a half years have been marked by recurring conflict between HUD and the county. There have been spats over which projects should be counted towards the settlement, over legislation banning landlords from rejecting people with government housing vouchers, and over the county's effort to press towns and villages to adopt a model zoning ordinance.
A continuing source of strife has been the county's obligation to conduct an analysis of impediments, including those based on race or resistance to affordable housing, to identify exclusionary zoning. The county has submitted eight analyses to HUD, finding no exclusionary zoning regulations. HUD has rejected every submission. This dispute has cost the county more than $20 million in grant money from HUD.
For both sides, though, the principles in play go beyond the sum of the projects and the dollars involved. Astorino has called HUD's actions "Washington-driven social engineering," a sentiment echoed by, among many others, the Wall Street Journal's editorial board. On the other side have been allegations of thinly-veiled racism, with The New York Times editorial board accusing the county of "keeping Jim Crow's spirit alive."
The Challenge in Chappaqua
New Castle is not only one of the richest communities in the country, but home to both the Clintons and Governor Cuomo. Add to that the town's role on the wrong side of a watershed 1977 zoning ruling, Berenson v. New Castle, and it's understandable that Chappaqua would end up in the spotlight, Greenstein says.
"The truth is, it makes it a perfect little town to make an example of, and I think that's part of the problem," says the town supervisor. "Because of those three reasons, I think that there are some people biting at the bit to make an example of us, and we have definitely felt that pressure."
New Castle, which adopted the model zoning ordinance in 2011, has one major affordable housing project that has sailed through with little opposition: a 28-unit affordable housing project called Chappaqua Crossing at the site of what was once the Reader's Digest building on Roaring Brook Road. Conifer Realty purchased the Chappaqua Station site in September 2010. Conifer's plans for the site (originally 36 units) were at the time backed by Barbara Gerrard, then the town's supervisor, as well as the town board. One of the proposal's early critics, as Greenstein now points out, was James Johnson, the HUD-appointed monitor overseeing Westchester's compliance with the settlement, who in an April 2012 letter to the board suggested that the site was isolated and stigmatizing.
The monitor signed off, however, after the developer made changes to the site's design to help integrate the project into the community aesthetically, created public space within the building, and addressed traffic concerns. One change was to downsize the complex from 36 to 28 units.
"Some would say he flip-flopped on the issue," Greenstein says of the monitor, who recently resigned from the case. "I haven't changed my opinion. I think that site is isolating and stigmatizing." The town board granted Conifer a special permit in September 2013, contingent on Conifer obtaining the necessary variances and permits. By then, however, public opposition to the project had begun to take hold. In the 2013 town board elections, Greenstein ran on the Team New Castle ticket along with town board candidates Lisa Katz and Adam Brodsky. Opposition to Chappaqua Station was a significant factor in Team New Castle's election to all three positions. With the supervisor and a majority of the town board opposed to the project at its current location, along with concerns voiced by Building Inspector Bill Maskiell, progress on the development has slowed in the last two and a half years.
The root of the resistance to Chappaqua Station–whether born from flaws in the project or a wider resistance to public housing–is much contended. In February 2014, Conifer filed a Housing Discrimination Complaint with HUD, stating that during public debate opponents of the project claimed that "the project would be a stigmatized ghetto, that the children who lived there would be ostracized by children who live in the Village, and that the project would be where the 'blacks and Hispanics' live."
Holly Leicht, HUD's regional administrator for New York and New Jersey, says it's hard to answer with any certainty whether opposition is due to the project itself or reflects a fear of any affordable housing. "There are probably people on both ends of the spectrum," Leicht explains. "There usually are in these situations, where there's a controversial project."
But Greenstein points out that the town's other major affordable housing project under the settlement, Chappaqua Crossing, has received little pushback from the community.
"When you look at that building, you're not going to say, 'That's affordable housing.' You're going to say, 'That's housing,'" Greenstein says, referring to Chappaqua Crossing. Turning his attention to Chappaqua Station, he remarks, "Now compare that to this project over here. That's on a third of an acre, from lot line to lot line there's not a blade of grass."
"There's no question that people are opposed to this particular location," Greenstein adds. "I want to make it clear that people are not opposed to affordable housing."
The battle over the project has also ensnared the county. In December of 2013, the county's Board of Legislators voted to withhold funding for the project; a year later, the board approved funding, on the condition that the project must receive all the necessary variances. The monitor faulted the county for counting the units towards the settlement agreement (it needed financing in place for 450 units by the end of 2014) but also blamed the county for failing to push New Castle to end the impasse. This May, Judge Cote said the units could count towards the settlement but also said the county had breached its obligation by not weighing in on behalf of the developer against local opposition.
The proposed site of Chappaqua Station has drawn opposition from a wide segment of
New Castle residents and officials.
Mike Kaplowitz, the chairman of the Board of Legislators, says the project has been problematic from the get-go.
"Pretty much, nobody is happy," Kaplowitz says. "That project is so messy. I don't meet many people in New Castle who are happy on either side of that issue."
Leicht acknowledges that the town has some legitimate concerns over the project, but says HUD is worried that the town is dragging its feet.
"I think that a legitimate back and forth, and focusing on the health and safety issues, is fine. The sense was that this is being protracted for a very long time," she says. "I think part of the frustration is that things keep coming up sequentially rather than part of one process that is condensed."
North Castle Supervisor Michael Schiliro explains restrictions imposed by his town's infrastructure.
A Solution in North Castle
Around a century ago, the Village of Kensico was flooded due to the creation of the Kensico dam, leading many of the village's residents to move south to what is now the Hamlet of North White Plains. Supervisor Schiliro believes this piece of history along with the hamlet's proximity to White Plains has led to a higher population density, and a concentration of the town's minority population, in North White Plains that exists to this day.
Today, one zoning district in downtown North White Plains has three-and-a-half times the rate of minority households as the town as a whole. Additionally, large parts of the town are zoned for single-family housing, with these districts primarily white.
For the housing monitor, this itself amounted to prima facie (legal language meaning presumed until proven otherwise) evidence of clustering under what's known as the Huntington test (named for the 1988 watershed case Town of Huntington v. NAACP).
"Do I disagree with their findings? No. They're mathematical. We technically fail the Huntington test," Schiliro admits. "But part of it is something that happened 100 something years ago, which developed a denser zoning or development here."
The town's zoning is based more on the limits of its infrastructure than anything else. In the rural northern parts of the city, sewer and water is sparse outside downtown Armonk. This prohibits the kind of housing density seen in North White Plains. Schiliro, a Democrat elected in 2013, met with officials from the monitor's office his first year in office, giving them a tour of the town to show them the restrictions preventing multi-family housing throughout most of North Castle.
In May of this year, however, the housing monitor released a report placing North Castle on a list of seven municipalities whose zoning could result in liability under the Huntington test or the related Berenson test (named after the 1977 ruling involving New Castle). "In the absence of remediation," the report stated, "the Department of Justice is encouraged to give serious consideration to bringing legal action against one or more of these municipalities."
"I was disappointed because genuinely I felt that we had made a lot of progress," Schiliro says, looking back at the May report. "So our reaction was, let's sit down with the monitor and the monitor's office again. It wasn't any animosity, any anger. It was just, let's communicate."
Schiliro again met with officials from the monitor's office in June following the report's release and pressed the town's case. A month later, the monitor withdrew his recommendation of legal action, noting progress made by the town and also acknowledging environmental and infrastructural constraints.
While the issue was ultimately resolved, the monitor's decision to place North Castle on such a list in the first place was viewed by some of HUD's critics, particularly the Astorino administration, as an example of "breathtaking" government overreach. A spokesman for Astorino said the county executive was puzzled by the monitor's initial decision, as was Westchester Legislator Margaret Cunzio, who represents North Castle.
"I think it was unfair because since day one they had been compliant and they had been working with both the monitor and the HUD office," says Cunzio, a Conservative. "The town has done nothing since day one but try to fulfill their requirements."
Schiliro carefully avoids any criticism of HUD or the monitor.
"It must be a challenge for them," he says. "It's a lot of work to really understand all the towns in the county, and each town is very different."
Schiliro also notes that the town has made progress since the monitor's 2014 visit. North Castle adopted the model zoning ordinance in 2014, and 25 affordable housing units are in development throughout Armonk.
"The town has always had affordable type housing for decades," Schiliro notes. "We listened to what the latest communications were from the monitor and we made some adjustments to our code like creating the model ordinance so the future units would conform with what the parameters of the lawsuit were."
Light at the End of the Tunnel?
At the end of the year, the county is obligated to have financing in place for the 750 units required under the settlement. But the county's need for affordable housing has no end date.
"If we get to the end of the settlement and 750 units have been built but everyone is saying, 'I never want to have to deal with the federal government, or the federal government's money, or affordable housing, again,'" Leicht explained to legislators at a June meeting, "then we have not really met our goal here."
Speaking to the Inside Press, Leicht circles back to this idea when asked whether New Castle, with 60 affordable housing units in the works including Chappaqua Station, has in fact done more than its share.
"These projects are happening, and I am optimistic that the 750 units will be met, but I don't really think anybody would say that's the entire affordable housing need in the county," Leicht comments. "I haven't had anybody, no matter where they stand on this settlement, not acknowledge that Westchester really has affordable housing needs."
When people move into that housing [in Chappaqua], we will do everything in our power to make them feel welcome and part of the community." –Robert Greenstein
Even some of Chappaqua Station's opponents now seem resigned to the likelihood that it will be built.
"I'd like this project not to go forward because it's a terrible site," Kaplowitz says. "But unfortunately the wheels are in motion and there's nothing we can do to stop it."
Greenstein notes that there's no guarantee the project will meet the conditions required for the building permit, but acknowledges the futility of risking litigation to try to stop it from moving forward.
With the housing monitor absolving North Castle of its Huntington test failure, this reporter asks the town's supervisor, is the town in the clear regarding settlement compliance? "I would think we should be," Schiliro replies diplomatically. "We will just continue on this path," he continues. "As new developments come about, the model ordinance is in place; we'll continue to further affordable housing like we've been doing for decades."
At year's end, the county is set to have the 750 units in the works, theoretically winding down its obligations under the settlement. But if the past is a guide, nothing is that simple.
In his letter of resignation Johnson, the housing monitor, wrote that his successor should be prepared to deal with the case for some time to come.
Andrew Vitelli, a Westchester native, is the editor of Inside Armonk Magazine.
Filed Under: Armonk Cover Stories Tagged With: affordable housing, Affordable Housing in Armonk, Armonk, Board of Legislators, Chappaqua Crossing, Housing, HUD, Inside Press, North Castle, theinsidepress.com, Town of New Castle, Westchester affordable housing
Hunts Place: STILL a Poor Choice for Affordable Housing Here
March 6, 2016 by The Inside Press
The Hunts Point Location
By Eileen Gallagher
In February of 2014, I wrote an editorial about affordable housing in New Castle, specifically the Conifer proposal for 54 Hunts Place, which had first been brought to the public's attention in 2012. Four years later, this project is still under vehement discussion.
It is fair to ask why this project has been taking so long to get the required variances and permits. After all, in the span of about 16 months, two affordable housing units are already underway at 300 King Street in town, and 28 units are set to go at Chappaqua Crossing. Why has it taken more than four years for Conifer to get the go ahead?
The answer can be found in one word–safety. There are a myriad of safety issues, stemming from a plan to shoehorn 28 units into a tiny plot of contaminated land literally hemmed in by a bridge, highway, and railroad tracks, and at a current cost of $17.2 million and rising.
The numbers are staggering, as are the issues. Equally distressing is the fact that this location defies just about every stipulation of the 2009 affordable housing settlement, which called for seamless integration into the neighborhood and the avoidance of isolation or stigmatizing the units as affordable housing. Clever interpretations of wording can help to steer this project forward, but cannot overcome the known safety issues.
Conifer's visual rendering of the proposed a ordable housing
At Conifer's most recent appearance before the town board on February 9, several residents, myself included, appealed to the town board to carefully consider the latest decision by the NYS Department of Transportation to not allow the construction of a fence along both sides of the bridge, which the board of 2013 had required as part of the special permit. The DOT cited dangers of such a fence in case of a car accident, for example, which would pin a car to the fence and not allow for removal of an occupant of the vehicle. With the fence out of the question, there is nothing currently in the proposal to ensure the safety of the residents of the building who would be tempted to cross in the middle of the bridge to get into town, especially children on their way to the park, to school, to the library, etc.
Nor is there a plan for an emergency generator for the building. One reason might be the lack of space (other than on the already-crowded roof) due to the plan to build lot-line to lot-line. When asked about the lack of a generator and what the contingency is during a power outage for the 14 apartments steps from the tracks that will be built with inoperable windows, an architect hired by Conifer replied, "As far as I am aware, emergency generator operation is not required for the mechanical ventilation of those units." Their attorney's comment during that same Board of Architectural Review meeting, "I hate to deal with hypotheticals," speaks volumes.
Unfortunately, this has been a pattern throughout the years Conifer has come before the town board. Minimum requirements take precedence over safety and comfort. Loopholes in the wording of permits and variances give rise to victories for them, but not for our community.
Both our police and fire chiefs have conveyed to the board that this project continues to be dangerously located with major safety flaws. Fire Chief Russell Maitland characterized his department as having been "waving the flag," describing his writing letters, appearing before the state Board of Review, meeting with the developer and the town board, and asserting that "not a lot has changed from our perspective." At the town board meeting on Feb 9, he reminded the board, and all who were watching, that the fire department has no political agenda. "We're not elected. We're not paid." Maitland ended with a plea to the board to do the right thing to ensure the safety of all.
The sad truth is that this misguided, misplaced project with its skyrocketing costs and ever-mounting obstacles will cost us way more than the monetary price tag. Fortunately, we are in the process of building two lovely, safe, and welcoming affordable homes at 300 King Street with Habitat for Humanity of Westchester.
Additionally, 28 affordable housing units will be built in the cupola building at Chappaqua Crossing. Both of these projects are being designed with the comfort and safety of all involved. They speak to the warmth, care, and generosity of time and talent within our community. But 54 Hunts Place would tell a different story.
Conifer continues to pursue 54 Hunts Place for their building, despite being offered an alternative site with the potential for even more units. Their claim is that they have already spent too much money on plans at the current site.
A commenter on Facebook said she feared if we put the brakes on Conifer, a potential lawsuit would cost our town too much money. My question to Conifer, and to everyone, is this: how much money is a life worth? The lives of families, of volunteer emergency responders, of the community?
When you take a step back, clear away the social media frenzy, and consider the lives that are at stake, can you truly believe that 54 Hunts Place should be the home for 28 families?
Eileen Gallagher is a 13-year resident of Chappaqua with her husband and two sons. A member of CFRAH, Chappaqua for Responsible Affordable Housing, she has been working diligently for the safety of future residents of our town. Her latest volunteer efforts include working with her husband at 300 King Street–the site of two Habitat for Humanity affordable housing condominiums.
Conifer promises to return to town on March 29, when they will continue their efforts to obtain the necessary permits. Please consider attending the meeting that evening and/or writing to the town board at the addresses below to add your voice to this important issue.
townboard@mynewcastle.org
Rob Greenstein
RGreenstein@MyNewCastle.org
Adam Brodsky
ABrodsky@MyNewCastle.org
Lisa Katz
LKatz@MyNewCastle.org
Hala Makowska
HMakowska@MyNewCastle.org
Jeremy M. Saland
JSaland@MyNewCastle.org
Filed Under: Inside Thoughts Tagged With: affordable housing, Chappaqua, Housing, Inside Press, safety, theinsidepress.com
Update on Quest for Affordable Housing Inside the Chappaqua Crossing Cupola Building
July 24, 2015 by Inside Press
Release from Town of New Castle:
Earlier this week, the Town received a rezoning petition from Summit Greenfield that would allow them to use the iconic cupola building at Chappaqua Crossing for the development of affordable housing. Specifically, Summit Greenfield has proposed relocating its previously approved affordable housing units to the upper two floors of the cupola building, which have been vacant for years.
Summit Greenfield has been exploring the feasibility of adaptively reusing the cupola building for residential purposes for the past several months. At a public work session on May 12, 2015, Summit Greenfield told the Town Board that utilizing the cupola building would better integrate the approved residential and retail uses on the site, and will allow them to build affordable housing units at the property sooner than otherwise feasible. Westchester County planning officials have expressed support for Summit Greenfield's initiative.
According to Summit Greenfield, the upper floors of the cupola building can accommodate approximately 32 affordable apartments. With the re-adaptive use of the cupola building, Summit Greenfield would drop its previously approved plans to construct two new, multi-family residential buildings on the site, and would develop all remaining residential units on the property as fee simple townhouses.
Town Supervisor Rob Greenstein stated, "I believe that Summit Greenfield's proposal offers the opportunity to create affordable housing choices in our Town that we all can be proud of. I am also pleased that the remaining residential units which the Town approved in 2012 will now be taxed as fee simple townhouses, rather than as condominiums."
The Town Board will be holding a public hearing on Summit Greenfield's proposal during which we will receive further input from our Planning Board, residents and other interested parties.
Editor's Note: We learned from Geoff Thompson, representing Summit Greenfield, that the planned apartments in the Cupola Building will be a mix of studio, 1, 2 and 3-bedrooms. Specific breakdown of how many of each and floor plans are still to be determined. "They meet the Federal-County settlement guidelines," said Thompson. "County housing officials have seen the concept and have expressed support."
More news re the building as provided on behalf of Summit Greenfield:
The 111-unit residential layout on the 30 acres of the site that was approved in 2011 will be adjusted to show all 91 market-rate units as fee-simple townhomes, while the 20 affordable apartments that had been planned for that site will be included in the Cupola Building along with an additional 12 affordable apartments.
"We believe this is a unique opportunity to create high-quality affordable housing in a distinctive setting," said Felix Charney, President of Summit Development, a Summit/Greenfield partner. "We are very pleased to be able to adaptively re-use office space in this classic building while providing much- needed affordable housing."
With the zoning in place for 120,000-square-feet of retail space at Chappaqua Crossing that is now in the final stages of review by the town, Chappaqua Crossing will provide future residents with direct access to shopping. Chappaqua Crossing will also offer regular shuttle service to the Chappaqua MetroNorth train station, as well as proximity to schools and other services.
In addition to the future retail uses, Chappaqua Crossing also includes [more than 450,000] [500,000] square feet of office space that currently includes a mix of tenants including North Westchester Hospital and the Mount Kisco Medical Group, thereby offering opportunities to work as well as live on the beautifully landscaped campus-like property that overlooks the Saw Mill River Parkway and the wooded hills beyond.
"After many years of review, the future of this signature property is at last coming together," Charney noted. "Once again, the site will be the valuable asset for the town and its residents as it was in its heyday as a corporate center, while offering so much more."
Filed Under: New Castle Releases Tagged With: affordable housing, apartments, Chappaqua, Chappaqua Crossing, Inside Press, residential, theinsidepress.com
Habitat for Humanity of Westchester Builds Affordable Housing – and So Much More
Pictured on this page and the next one are local college student volunteers hard at work finishing a Veteran's home in Yonkers in late January.
By Miriam Longobardi
Many students eager to join volunteer organizations that build homes in impoverished communities choose exotic locales such as Africa, Haiti, or Central America. This frustrates Jim Kiloran, Executive Director of Habitat for Humanity of Westchester. "I've seen people die in substandard housing right here in Westchester County, though few can believe that. Greed overtakes practical, simple living. Nobody should go to bed in substandard housing in one of America's wealthiest counties," he told me. This passionate belief drove Jim to get involved with Habitat nearly thirty years ago, taking over and transforming entire communities, and meeting five presidents along the way. He finds it discouraging that, in Westchester, with its wealth, top students and corporate leaders, so few people become locally involved. Even many in the faith communities take their youth groups out of town on mission projects.
Growing up, Jim recalls hearing about the extremes of wealth in the US and the war on poverty. He also thought about community and demographics, and was motivated to become involved at a grass roots level. He believes that affordable housing creates a "neighborhood" in the true sense of the word; a community where families and local businesses are connected and grow. Today, with shifting demographics, this is more important than ever. "Generations of families living in one community is a foreign concept today," suggests Jim. As kids grow up and move away, and older people move to warmer climates, the lack of connectivity within communities impacts everyone from residents to local businesses. Affordable housing makes it more viable for people to stay in their homes and this, in turn, maintains the community.
"The best thing that ever happened was Byram Hills High School starting a Habitat Club," he said. This was thanks to Dwayne Smith, a Byram Hills teacher and the Habitat Club advisor until 2009. Byram Hills was the first high school in Westchester to do this, and now sixty area schools have Habitat Clubs. Empowering youth to use their abilities to transform neighborhoods is what gives Jim hope. "I don't need politicians, I need people."
Brandon Michaels, a Byram Hills graduate and now college junior, is an example of how getting involved at an early age changes lives. Growing up in Armonk, he was "shell-shocked" at age thirteen when, along with a friend whose older sibling was a Habitat Club member, he went into a dilapidated church in New Rochelle to help paint. "What can I possibly do to improve this?" he thought, seeing peeling paint and rusty folding chairs. Though he felt their improvements were modest, church members were incredibly grateful for all their hard work. This feeling of having made a difference is what inspired him.
As a freshman he became very involved in Habitat Club, regularly attending meetings, organizing monthly fundraisers and going to building sites. Habitat Club members face logistical problems as their work is done off school grounds and on weekends. Transportation to and from job sites took organizing, but car pools formed so kids could arrive together. Parents also had concerns about the neighborhoods where the kids worked, the tools they were using, and the nature of the work. "This work is very challenging," Brandon said. As his commitment became evident to Jim, Brandon was given more responsibilities and the leadership role of site supervisor. Parents trusted Brandon to drive their kids and look out for them on job sites.
Brandon was instrumental in recruiting other students and strengthening the club, even doing his senior internship with Habitat. He recognizes that his relationship with Jim has evolved into friendship. "I enjoy the work. I always have. We have so much more than so many people – this is not anything I'd do for recognition." That said, Brandon was recognized after his senior internship and honored with a plaque at the annual Habitat luncheon.
His advice to students is to join Habitat Club or create one. In addition to volunteering on job sites, there are area Habitat Restores that sell household items such as gently used furniture, appliances, and building materials at greatly reduced prices. These stores are in constant need of volunteers and a great way to get one's foot in the door and be considered for job site work. "If Jim knows who you are, you're doing something right," Brandon said.
Meanwhile, Jim continues his crusade to have Habitat homes in every town in Westchester. "Without affordable housing, Westchester cannot succeed. We were all put on this earth to volunteer," he said. "Let's take that wealth, knowledge and ability and transform. We can do it!"
Are you ready to volunteer? Jim is waiting for you.
For more information, visit www.habitatwc.org
Miriam is a freelance writer, fourth grade teacher and single mother of two daughters living in Westchester. A breast cancer survivor, she volunteers for the American Cancer Society and has completed four marathons and travels the world. Follow her on Twitter @writerMimiLong.
Filed Under: Armonk Cover Stories Tagged With: affordable housing, Habitat Club, Habitat for Humanity, Neighborhood


How Do You Prepare for a Child Custody Evaluation in Arizona?
It is very important that you are thoroughly prepared before you start an evaluation with a child custody evaluator. It is important that you understand the psychological testing that is going to take place, it is important that you understand each of the issues and your position on those issues and it is critically important that the child custody evaluator is informed of all of the important information that is relevant to the child custody decision.
If there is past domestic violence they need to be informed of that, if one of the parents has been more of a primary care provider for the child than the other parent, that is important to explain to the child custody evaluator.
There are other things that are relevant as well. But the point that I want to make now is that you need to make sure you outline every single issue so that you do not forget anything that is relevant to any of the factors the child custody evaluator is going to consider.
With our clients, I prepare a detailed letter to the custody evaluator that can be twenty to thirty pages long on a complex case, we attach exhibits so if there was domestic violence, for example, we are going to attach a copy of the police report, if there has been damage to the home and there are photographs of that from domestic violence we are going to attach photographs of that to this letter.
We have outlined everything in detail so that the client can use that as a roadmap, but the child custody evaluator has it in their hands before our clients even start the process. It has been our experience that these have been very helpful to our clients in getting them organized and prepared for that evaluation and for influencing the outcome of the child custody evaluators recommendations to the court.
What to Say to a Child Custody Evaluator.
The child custody evaluator will meet with you, the other parent, and the children in separate interviews. Some evaluators want to schedule an initial joint conference with both parents. The purpose of meeting with both parents initially is to determine how the parties communicate with each other and to determine the issues and accusations each parent may have against the other parent.
In this joint conference, it is acceptable for you to disagree with the other parent but you do not want to argue your point too vigorously so long as the evaluator will assure you will be able to more comprehensively cover your position on the issues and accusations during your individual session with the evaluator.
In your individual session, it is important to have an outline of all of your responses to the other parent's accusations as well as to address your concerns regarding the other parent. The more focused you are on the best interests of your children the better are the changes the evaluator may be more favorable to your position.
Chris Hildebrand wrote this article about preparing for a child custody evaluation in Arizona to ensure everyone has access to information about child custody laws in Arizona. Chris is a family law attorney at Hildebrand Law, PC. He has over 24 years of Arizona family law experience and has received multiple awards, including US News and World Report "Top Arizona Divorce Attorneys", Phoenix Magazine "Top Divorce Law Firms", and Arizona Foothills Magazine "Best of the Valley" award. He believes the policies and procedures he uses to get his clients through a child custody case should all be guided by the principles of honesty, integrity, and actually caring about what his clients are going through.


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Fight the Good Fight in Usagi Yojimbo: Way of the Ronin
Joel Lyons on May 16th 2013
Dark Horse Comics,
roleplaying,
Side Scrolling,
Usagi Yojimbo, a solo ninja warrior who stars in his own comic book and is a sometimes-ally to the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, makes his app game debut in Usagi Yojimbo: Way of the Ronin. The long-eared rabbit, who carries a katana blade, is on an epic quest that fuses beat-'em-up button taps with a role-playing plot. It's packed with action, flashy moves and crispy clear graphics that will gain the approval of kids and adults. Find out why you should grab a sword and join Usagi on his noble journey after the jump.


A recent photo shoot in Clifton, Virginia with Pumpkin Sugar Cosplay as Asuna from Sword Art Online.
I recently sat down with Viz Media's Charlene Ingram to discuss her various projects, including the classic series, Sailor Moon, which she considered to be a dream come true. I also discussed her journey from amateur to professional anime aficionado. From comparisons between Classic and Crystal to discussions on censorship and dubbing, it was an outstanding interview.
I recently sat down with my fellow filmmakers, Tiffany and Anthony of @t Productions, to discuss their latest project, In The Name Of The Moon, a documentary about the distinguished Sailor Moon cosplay group, La Soldier Cosplay, as well as a general discussion of anime and filmmaking among other topics.
If you like what you hear, come and join us in Washington, D.C. on November 16th for the premiere of this fantastic movie.
I recently sat down with my cosplay comrade, Crystal, to discuss her involvement in @t Productions' latest project, In The Name Of The Moon, a documentary about the distinguished Sailor Moon cosplay group, La Soldier Cosplay, as well as a general discussion of anime and cosplay.
I recently sat down with my good friend Alice to discuss her involvement in @t Productions' latest project, In The Name Of The Moon, a documentary about the distinguished Sailor Moon cosplay group, La Soldier Cosplay, as well as a general discussion of anime and cosplay.


I wanted a somewhat masculine thank you card or at least gender neutral. I chose to blend some distress ink for a lime green card.
I first masked off some stripes using this tape. Then I processed to blend the distress inks over it.
I had a scrap piece of paper so I decide to ink blend that for the background of my sentiment in the same colors as my background.
The sentiment is a custom die cut from my silhouette cameo. See process video on my instagram page.


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Criminal lawyers in Singapore said age is a key factor
Criminal Lawyers Commenting on Peeping Tom Case in Singapore
In the wake of the recent National University of Singapore's ("NUS") peeping tom case, criminal lawyers and counsellors said that age is an important factor taken into account by the authorities when deciding to charge an offender.
The perpetrator, a chemical engineering student of the same university, received a 12-month conditional warning from the police for filming a female student showering in Eusoff Hall at the NUS. Conditional warning basically means that the perpetrator will not have a criminal record.
2. What is a Conditional Warning?
In an oral reply to parliamentary questions dated 6 May 2019, titled "Oral Reply to Parliamentary Questions on Sexual Harassment Incidents at Autonomous Universities, by Mr K Shanmugam, Minister for Home Affairs and Minister for Law", a conditional warning means:
(i) offender has been put on notice,
(ii) he would know that the authorities have enough evidence and are prepared to press charges against him if he does not reform,
(iii) If he commits a fresh offence during this period, he would be liable to be prosecuted for both the current offence and the subsequent fresh or new offence, and
(iv) in other words, he is not let off the hook for the earlier offence, and he will pay for both.
3. Eugene comments in The Straits Times
As the debate rages on online about whether the perpetrator in the NUS Peeping Tom case has been sufficiently dealt with, our lawyer Eugene Thuraisingam reminds us that there are four principles at play when determining an appropriate sentence for an offender: retribution; general deterrence – or deterring the public at large from committing offences; specific deterrence, which refers to deterring a particular individual; and rehabilitation.
As opposed to just peeping, which one may rightfully or wrongfully take the position is youthful folly, there is a certain degree of premeditation in using a phone to make a video recording.
What would be an appropriate outcome in a case like this is therefore not easy to say and is for society to grapple with and come to a consensus on.
crimecriminal lawyereugene thuraisingamlawpeepingrehabilitation
read more at the straits times
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International Arbitration and Legal Technology in Singapore
Drug Trafficking Landmark Court Case in Singapore
Prosecutorial Disclosure in Singapore – Explained
White-Collar Crime in Singapore – Exclusive IR Global Advisor


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New law will bill people for the fires they cause
published by www.heraldextra.com
USA — SALT LAKE CITY — Whenever a wildland fire ignites, state officials respond. But responding costs money, and sometimes a lot of it, so this legislative session lawmakers have passed a bill that would make more people who start fires responsible for the cost of fighting them.
Senate Bill 38 is sponsored by Sen. Margaret Dayton, R-Orem, and would make "a person liable for the cost of suppressing a wildland fire that is negligently, recklessly or intentionally caused or spread by that person." In other words, people who start fires on purpose or by being careless will have to foot the bill for fighting them.
Dayton said the bill has already cleared both the House and the Senate and is awaiting the governor's signature. Once signed, the law will go into effect in June.
The bill is the result of collaboration between Dayton and Dick Buehler, director of the Division of Forestry, Fire and State Lands. According to Buehler, a similar law has already existed for some time. But the language of the law was unclear, Buehler added, saying that some people believed it only applied to state lands.
"We wanted it to apply to all land where a fire is started negligently," Buehler said.
As a result, SB 38 includes wildfires that burn on state, federal and private land.
Rep. Michael Noel, R-Kanab, sponsored the bill in the Utah House of Representatives. Noel said that he has been involved in fire fighting for two decades and that the bill should make it easier for officials to recover the sometimes substantial costs incurred combating wildfires.
"It kind of beefs it up a little bit," Noel said. "It makes it easier to prosecute."
Buehler said that each fire will be examined on a case-by-case basis to determine if it was started negligently. Buehler speculated that a driver whose well-maintained car threw up a rock that sparked a fire likely would not have to pay for fighting the blaze. On the other hand, he added, a person shooting guns or fireworks near dry grass would stand a better chance of footing the bill for fighting resulting fires.
In Utah County, officials typically fight several wildland fires each season. In August, for example, target shooters ignited the Chaparral Fire near mile marker 20 on State Road 68. The fire burned at least 1,200 acres and spread through both private and government land. That same month, crews in Utah County also fought smaller blazes that also were likely caused by people.
In September, the Broad Hollow Fire burned more than 40 acres on West Mountain before Bureau of Land Management crews completely doused the flames. Officials said the fire may have been caused by people using West Mountain for shooting and target practice. Crews from the BLM and local fire agencies also fought a pair of human-caused blazes near Saratoga Springs in July, which burned at least 17 acres. In August, BLM spokeswoman Erin Darboven said target shooting is the most common way for people to accidentally start fires.
SB 38 would unambiguously give officials the ability to recoup the cost of fighting similar fires resulting from carelessness, no matter what type of land they burn.
But Noel added that he hopes the new law also motivates people to be a little bit smarter and a little more careful. The best solution of all is not having to fight the fires in the first place.
"Hopefully the impact is that people use a little more common sense when they start fire," Noel said. "Know you're surroundings. Be aware of your neighbor's property."


Summer Eats Series Part 8: 4th of July Eats. Get Fruity!
Red, White and Blue Eats: 4th of July.
1. Red, White and Blueberry Smoothie: Raspberries, fresh strawberries, acai juice, soy milk, fresh blueberries, coconut banana cream on top. Vegan.
*Healthier than a traditional frozen shake, or artificially colored frozen red, white and blue treat.
2. Fresh Fruit Flag Plate: Fresh cut white peaches, strawberries and blueberries. A simple fruit plate is always a winner!
*Healthier than most platter snack plates. 100% fruit means 100% healthy. And delicious. Use organic fruit or was very well.
One more to go in the Summer Eats, Healthy Makeover Series!
Next up, Readers Choice post! Voting closes on July 6th, 12 AM!


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The Second Day of Good Food Summit in 2019
Chef 3.0 Forum
Anita Lo (Right)
"The process of becoming a leader is very painful... During this process, the most critical lesson I learned is respect and communication. "
On the second day of the Good Food Summit in 2019, Anita Lo, the first Ethnic Chinese female chef invited to the White House Feast, shared her experience. "As a chef, you should respect--not only your colleagues and clients, but also farmers who grow food, community neighborhoods, different cultures, and the planet. "
Elizabeth Faulkner
"The chef is very creative...For me, it is enjoyable to play with food in the kitchen. "Elizabeth Faulkner--an artist, an athlete, and a chef- is also very concerned about sustainable development. "As far as I know, the best thing we can do for the planet is to reduce our consumption of animal protein. "
Iain Shepherd, Director of Implementation at EAT
Iain Shepherd, Director of Implementation at EAT, explained why we are so passionate about sustainable food systems regarding scientific goals and systematic methods. For human beings and the planet, this is a massive opportunity for everyone to participate in this new system. Like EAT-Lancet's Report, it coordinates and expands solutions for reference across different organizations and different cultural backgrounds.
To achieve the sustainable development goals of the United Nations, chefs have begun to unite globally and jointly formulated the "Chef Manifesto." At this summit, Chris Huang, Good Food Chef, introduced it to everyone.
Chris Huang
Simultaneously, the chefs also expressed their willingness to engage in the global chef action plan by signing the "Chef Manifesto." Not only did they join the chefs from all other parts of the world, but they also began to build networks locally to support each other.
Signing "Chef Manifesto"
Group Photo of Chef 3.0 Forum
"Treasure natural resources and reduce waste" is one of the eight critical dimensions of the "Chef Manifesto." The chef's new work session was chaired by Li Yiwen, a mentor of wholefood therapy. Anita Lo, Elizabeth Faulkner, Good Food Chefs A Jun, and Chris Huang demonstrated the theme of "from garbage to treasure" on the scene.
The chef team from Sangha Retreat, including Executive Chef Deng Xizhang, Chef Zhang Zhicai, and nutritionist Luo Xiao, unpacked the concept of combining a plant-based diet with traditional Chinese medicine, health, and culture.
The co-founder of Chef Forum TechGastronomy invited two chefs from local landmark catering companies--Song Helou Group Executive Chef Yang Hong and Nan Xinya Executive Chef Fu Kaihong--to present authentic local specialties.
Michelin one-star pastry chef Ma Shiyu created a nutrient-balanced vegan dessert.
In the chef dialogue panel, Qiu Qiong, the "top female chef" of Shanghai's cuisine industry, emphasized the impact of education on sustainable development.
Brain Tan, an advocate of sustainable diets, shared real-life examples from an international perspective, showing that chefs play essential roles in urban planning. He emphasized that chefs should not only have skills but also have responsibilities.
Green Corporate Catering Forum
David Havelick, Senior Sustainability Manager of Harvard Sustainability Office
At the Green Corporate Catering Forum, Senior Sustainability Manager of Harvard Sustainability Office, David Havelick, shared their research and its application in school dining and the entire community.
Kelley Wind, Program Director at New York Coalition for Healthy School Food
Kelley Wind, Program Director at the New York Coalition for Healthy School Food, introduced their experience in promoting plant-based diets in schools, from interesting examples of letting children drink water instead of chocolate milk to unite the power of the government to promote "Meatless Monday" in schools. We could see the hardship of this slow process and the joy of change when it happens.
Round Table One: How to maximize the influence of sustainable ingredients in the group meal industry.
During the Good Food Roadshow and Yale Green Corporate Catering Tour, we received feedback from schools and social catering practitioners, hoping that we can focus more on exploring and implementing the concept of food sustainability for foodservice companies. This is also the reason to establish the Green Corporate Catering Forum.
Ni Youfang, General Manager of Shanghai Jiaotong University Hospitality Development Corporation, believed that "Sustainable development" is a new concept in the corporate catering industry. But in fact, everyone is already doing relevant work that needs some refinement. Compared with Harvard University, domestic schools are not doing enough to promote systematization. The mainstream of corporate catering may need to take some "smaller paths," such as starting from training, and there are official associations to provide comprehensive guidance.
How to exert the influence of the group meal industry? Mr. Rafi Taherian, associate vice president of Yale Hospitality, believed that the whole is greater than the sum of all its parts. What we are now facing is not a choice but a standard solution. It's important to share each person's knowledge and experience, and we could either continue the old fashion or confront new challenges.
Roundtable Two: How group meals use digital innovation to reduce waste and promote a circular economy
Zhu Weiying, General Manager of Gourmet Technology, shared how restaurants can identify the weight and type of debris and dishes of each consumer using technology devices and optimize operation management, which reduces waste by 30-40%.
Zhang Hongchang, general manager of Meilong Town Fast Food Co., Ltd., believed that digitalization means standardization. Whether traditional Chinese food will be delicious through standardization remains to be seen. At present, the company is trying to achieve "good taste" through technology based on digitalization.
Mo Yuhu, general manager of Rouge Event Catering, also shared their experience. Through data analysis, they strictly controlled the number of meals being made. With the accumulation and optimization of data and the summary of their experience and lessons, waste continued to decrease.
Gao Ying, head of the food project of the Ellen MacArthur Foundation (AMF), shared from the perspective of food circular economy about cross-industry integration within the community and thus achieved the transformation of waste into something useful.
Signing Good Food Agreement
"Meatless Monday" Forum
"Meatless Monday" is a global movement. Lu Junhao, founder of "GreenV," was inspired to promote "Monday Vegan" in China.
Motivating others to eat plant-based is a big challenge. Lu Junhao said that there must be different words in the face of different people, and finding the point that can persuade each particular individual is vital. At present, there are still relatively few vegetarian populations in Shanghai and lacking universal acceptance. Mr. Lu hoped that supportive data could be used for advocating campaigns to increase the proportion of plant-based diets.
Peggy Neu, Global President of "Meatless Monday," shared different strategies of "Meatless Monday" and invited participants to engage in an interesting poll to choose their favorite part of the "Meatless Monday" guide.
Cute cartoon design of "Meatless Monday."
Youth Good Food Declaration
Roundtable Representative Wang Shuyi
At the end of the summit, Jian Yi, director of the CBCGDF Good Food Fund, invited the youth roundtable representative Wang Shuyi to take the stage to read the outcomes of the roundtable: "The Youth Good Food Declaration."
As the 2020s are approaching, humanity faces a series of challenges to achieve sustainable development, such as eradicating hunger and enhancing health and well-being. At the same time, it must also mitigate climate change and biodiversity loss. The situation has given Gen Zs— both on campus and in society—the responsibility to deal with these significant challenges and become a new hope and new blood for the new era.
We commit to while implementing the "Good Food Pledge" strive to:
● Among peers, we advocate friends and peers to practice the "Good Food Pledge" together, support and encourage each other, and become the transmitter of the "good food" value;
● In the family, we are no longer fed by parents but more actively use good food nutrients and wisdom to reshape the family's food culture and strengthen family bonds;
● In schools, we actively communicate and collaborate with catering managers and other relevant parties to promote good food and strengthen food education. Changes in schools lead to social changes.
We come from schools worldwide, in different groups, to meet at the Youth Round Table of the 3rd Good Food Summit. Based on the above consensus, we decided to form a network and invite more like-minded young peers to promote good food for everyone.
To achieve the above goals, we also call on this:
Whether in school or society, young people should participate in the consultation of food policy; and ensure sufficient resources to support young people to improve the food system. The young generation should be continuously strengthened and build capacity with the support of the youth network. The youth network, schools, institutions, and various sectors of society, should work together to ensure that youth can take responsibility and exert influence to improve the food system.
Speakers at the third Good Food Summit have greatly inspired us. We realized that only by participating in continuous learning and improving various capabilities can we shoulder our responsibilities. At the same time, as the young generation, we should consider the pursuit of promoting good food as our lifelong goals. With the expansion of youth networks, we will set feasible and strategic objectives to contribute to the world to the greatest extent.
100% plant-based tea break
What brings us together?
What makes our relationship long-lasting?
Let us embark on the journey to create a future of good food for humanity together.
The 3rd Good Food Summit in 2019 has successfully come to an end.
Thank you for your attention! See you next year!
Photographers:Julien、一晗
1 Happiness Is the Way
2 An Overview of the 2020 (online) 4th Good Food Summit
4 The first round of the Good Food Roadshow
5 The 2020 "Good Food Fellow/ Good Food Junior Fellow" List was Officially Announced
6 Good Food Report 2020
7 The Fourth Stop | University of Connecticut Picks a Plant Forward Diet


text:
BGLF2 Increases Infectivity of Epstein-Barr Virus by Activating AP-1 upon De Novo Infection
Natsuno Konishi, Yohei Narita, Fumiya Hijioka, H. M.Abdullah Al Masud, Yoshitaka Sato, Hiroshi Kimura, Takayuki Murata
Department of Virology and Parasitology
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human gammaherpesvirus that causes infectious mononucleosis and several malignancies, such as endemic Burkitt lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Herpesviruses carry genes that can modify cell functions, including transcription and ubiquitination, thereby facilitating viral growth and survival in infected cells. Using a reporter screening system, we revealed the involvement of several EBV gene products in such processes. Of these, BGLF2 activated the AP-1 signaling pathway through phosphorylation of p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Knockout of the BGLF2 gene did not affect viral gene expression and viral genome DNA replication, but resulted in marked reduction of progeny titer. We also found that the BGLF2 disruption resulted in significant loss of infectivity upon de novo infection. Interestingly, expression of a binding partner, BKRF4, repressed the activation of AP-1 by BGLF2. These results shed light on the physiological role of the tegument protein BGLF2.IMPORTANCE Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), an oncogenic gammaherpesvirus, carries ~80 genes. While several genes have been investigated extensively, most lytic genes remain largely unexplored. Therefore, we cloned 71 EBV lytic genes into an expression vector and used reporter assays to screen for factors that activate signal transduction pathways, viral and cellular promoters. BGLF2 activated the AP-1 signaling pathway, likely by interacting with p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and increased infectivity of the virus. We also revealed that BKRF4 can negatively regulate AP-1 activity. Therefore, it is suggested that EBV exploits and modifies the AP-1 signaling pathway for its replication and survival.
Transcription Factor AP-1
Gene Knockout Techniques
Burkitt Lymphoma
Viral Genes
Viral Genome
Herpesviridae
Viral DNA
Konishi, N., Narita, Y., Hijioka, F., Masud, H. M. A. A., Sato, Y., Kimura, H., & Murata, T. (2018). BGLF2 Increases Infectivity of Epstein-Barr Virus by Activating AP-1 upon De Novo Infection. mSphere, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00138-18
Konishi, Natsuno ; Narita, Yohei ; Hijioka, Fumiya ; Masud, H. M.Abdullah Al ; Sato, Yoshitaka ; Kimura, Hiroshi ; Murata, Takayuki. / BGLF2 Increases Infectivity of Epstein-Barr Virus by Activating AP-1 upon De Novo Infection. In: mSphere. 2018 ; Vol. 3, No. 2.
@article{149ac85117d4417ea7ff5c1d5e5c2f37,
title = "BGLF2 Increases Infectivity of Epstein-Barr Virus by Activating AP-1 upon De Novo Infection",
abstract = "Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human gammaherpesvirus that causes infectious mononucleosis and several malignancies, such as endemic Burkitt lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Herpesviruses carry genes that can modify cell functions, including transcription and ubiquitination, thereby facilitating viral growth and survival in infected cells. Using a reporter screening system, we revealed the involvement of several EBV gene products in such processes. Of these, BGLF2 activated the AP-1 signaling pathway through phosphorylation of p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Knockout of the BGLF2 gene did not affect viral gene expression and viral genome DNA replication, but resulted in marked reduction of progeny titer. We also found that the BGLF2 disruption resulted in significant loss of infectivity upon de novo infection. Interestingly, expression of a binding partner, BKRF4, repressed the activation of AP-1 by BGLF2. These results shed light on the physiological role of the tegument protein BGLF2.IMPORTANCE Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), an oncogenic gammaherpesvirus, carries ~80 genes. While several genes have been investigated extensively, most lytic genes remain largely unexplored. Therefore, we cloned 71 EBV lytic genes into an expression vector and used reporter assays to screen for factors that activate signal transduction pathways, viral and cellular promoters. BGLF2 activated the AP-1 signaling pathway, likely by interacting with p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and increased infectivity of the virus. We also revealed that BKRF4 can negatively regulate AP-1 activity. Therefore, it is suggested that EBV exploits and modifies the AP-1 signaling pathway for its replication and survival.",
author = "Natsuno Konishi and Yohei Narita and Fumiya Hijioka and Masud, {H. M.Abdullah Al} and Yoshitaka Sato and Hiroshi Kimura and Takayuki Murata",
doi = "10.1128/mSphere.00138-18",
journal = "mSphere",
Konishi, N, Narita, Y, Hijioka, F, Masud, HMAA, Sato, Y, Kimura, H & Murata, T 2018, 'BGLF2 Increases Infectivity of Epstein-Barr Virus by Activating AP-1 upon De Novo Infection', mSphere, vol. 3, no. 2. https://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00138-18
BGLF2 Increases Infectivity of Epstein-Barr Virus by Activating AP-1 upon De Novo Infection. / Konishi, Natsuno; Narita, Yohei; Hijioka, Fumiya; Masud, H. M.Abdullah Al; Sato, Yoshitaka; Kimura, Hiroshi; Murata, Takayuki.
In: mSphere, Vol. 3, No. 2, 25.04.2018.
T1 - BGLF2 Increases Infectivity of Epstein-Barr Virus by Activating AP-1 upon De Novo Infection
AU - Konishi, Natsuno
AU - Narita, Yohei
AU - Hijioka, Fumiya
AU - Masud, H. M.Abdullah Al
AU - Sato, Yoshitaka
AU - Kimura, Hiroshi
AU - Murata, Takayuki
N2 - Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human gammaherpesvirus that causes infectious mononucleosis and several malignancies, such as endemic Burkitt lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Herpesviruses carry genes that can modify cell functions, including transcription and ubiquitination, thereby facilitating viral growth and survival in infected cells. Using a reporter screening system, we revealed the involvement of several EBV gene products in such processes. Of these, BGLF2 activated the AP-1 signaling pathway through phosphorylation of p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Knockout of the BGLF2 gene did not affect viral gene expression and viral genome DNA replication, but resulted in marked reduction of progeny titer. We also found that the BGLF2 disruption resulted in significant loss of infectivity upon de novo infection. Interestingly, expression of a binding partner, BKRF4, repressed the activation of AP-1 by BGLF2. These results shed light on the physiological role of the tegument protein BGLF2.IMPORTANCE Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), an oncogenic gammaherpesvirus, carries ~80 genes. While several genes have been investigated extensively, most lytic genes remain largely unexplored. Therefore, we cloned 71 EBV lytic genes into an expression vector and used reporter assays to screen for factors that activate signal transduction pathways, viral and cellular promoters. BGLF2 activated the AP-1 signaling pathway, likely by interacting with p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and increased infectivity of the virus. We also revealed that BKRF4 can negatively regulate AP-1 activity. Therefore, it is suggested that EBV exploits and modifies the AP-1 signaling pathway for its replication and survival.
AB - Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human gammaherpesvirus that causes infectious mononucleosis and several malignancies, such as endemic Burkitt lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Herpesviruses carry genes that can modify cell functions, including transcription and ubiquitination, thereby facilitating viral growth and survival in infected cells. Using a reporter screening system, we revealed the involvement of several EBV gene products in such processes. Of these, BGLF2 activated the AP-1 signaling pathway through phosphorylation of p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Knockout of the BGLF2 gene did not affect viral gene expression and viral genome DNA replication, but resulted in marked reduction of progeny titer. We also found that the BGLF2 disruption resulted in significant loss of infectivity upon de novo infection. Interestingly, expression of a binding partner, BKRF4, repressed the activation of AP-1 by BGLF2. These results shed light on the physiological role of the tegument protein BGLF2.IMPORTANCE Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), an oncogenic gammaherpesvirus, carries ~80 genes. While several genes have been investigated extensively, most lytic genes remain largely unexplored. Therefore, we cloned 71 EBV lytic genes into an expression vector and used reporter assays to screen for factors that activate signal transduction pathways, viral and cellular promoters. BGLF2 activated the AP-1 signaling pathway, likely by interacting with p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and increased infectivity of the virus. We also revealed that BKRF4 can negatively regulate AP-1 activity. Therefore, it is suggested that EBV exploits and modifies the AP-1 signaling pathway for its replication and survival.
U2 - 10.1128/mSphere.00138-18
DO - 10.1128/mSphere.00138-18
JO - mSphere
JF - mSphere
Konishi N, Narita Y, Hijioka F, Masud HMAA, Sato Y, Kimura H et al. BGLF2 Increases Infectivity of Epstein-Barr Virus by Activating AP-1 upon De Novo Infection. mSphere. 2018 Apr 25;3(2). https://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00138-18
10.1128/mSphere.00138-18


text:
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Split-Makarska
Metropolitan Archdiocese of Split-Makarska
Archidioecesis Spalatensis-Macarscensis
Splitsko-makarska nadbiskupija
Ecclesiastical province
4,088 km2 (1,578 sq mi)
- Catholics
(as of 2014)
441,036 (96.7%)
Cathedral of Saint Domnius, Split
Co-cathedral
Co-cathedral of Saint Mark, Makarska
Metropolitan Archbishop
Marin Barišić
nadbiskupija-split.com
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Split-Makarska (Croatian: Splitsko-makarska nadbiskupija; Latin: Archidioecesis Spalatensis-Macarscensis) is a Metropolitan archdiocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic church in Croatia and Montenegro.[1][2] The diocese was established in the 3rd century AD and was made an archdiocese and metropolitan see in the 10th century. The modern diocese was erected in 1828, when the historical archdiocese of Salona was combined with the Diocese of Makarska. It was elevated as an archdiocese and metropolitan see in 1969, restoring the earlier status of the archdiocese of Split, as it is also known. The diocese was also known as Spalato-Macarsca.[3]
The current archbishop is Marin Barišić.
2 Special churches
3 Ecclesiastical province
4 Episcopal ordinaries
The see was founded in or before 300 AD as Diocese of Salona. Eastern Roman Emperor Leo I (r. 457–474) appointed Glycerius as Bishop of Salona in 474, Glycerius had earlier served as Western Roman Emperor but was deposed by Julius Nepos. Around 500 AD it was promoted to a Metropolitan archdiocese.
The Archbishopric of Spalathon or Spalatum (also Salona, Latin: Spalatum) was a Christian archbishopric with seat in Salona (modern Split), Dalmatia (modern Croatia) in the early Middle Ages. It recognized the supremacy of the Patriarch of Constantinople rather than the Roman Pope. In 590 the Salona archdiocese gained territory from the suppressed Roman Catholic Diocese of Makarska.
Salona was ravaged by the South Slavs (Sclaveni) in 614, but in its place, Spalatum subsequently emerged.[4][5] In 639 the city was razed by the Slavs, and in 647 the city was rebuilt.
In 647 the city of Spalato (now Split) began to arise from the ruins of Salona, and after an interregnum of eleven years its archbishops took over the territory of the archbishops of Salona. In 639 Salona was destroyed by the Slavs. [6]
During the rule of Vladislav of Croatia (821–835), all of Croatia except the Archdiocese of Nin became subject to the Patriarchate of Constantinople, under the jurisdiction of the Archbishopric of Spalatum.[5] It lost territory in 1144 to establish the Diocese of Hvar.
It lost territory again in 1344 to re-establish the Roman Catholic Diocese of Makarska, in 1400 it regained that territory from the re-suppressed the Diocese of Makarska, but again lost territory in 1615 to re-re-establish the Diocese of Makarska.
With the death of Archbishop Laelius Cippico (1807) began another interregnum which lasted twenty-three years. By papal bull Locum Beati Petri the Church in Dalmatia was reorganized in 1828, Makarska united with Split, and the latter demoted as a simple bishopric of Split-Makarska, made subject to the Archdiocese of Zara. Paul Miossich was appointed first bishop of the new diocese in 1830.[6] It also absorbed the suppressed Tragurium (or Traù, now Trogir).
On 27 July 1969, it was promoted again as Metropolitan Archdiocese It enjoyed a papal visit from Pope John Paul II in October 1998.
Its cathedral episcopal see is the Cathedral of Saint Domnius (Katedrala sv. Dujma), in Split (Dalmatia). The city also has the co-cathedral of Saint Peter Apostle (Konkatedrala sv. Petar Apostola).
There are former cathedrals in three former sees absorbed in the archdiocese:
World Heritage Site: Katedrala sv. Lovre, in Trogir, formerly Trau or Tragurium
World Heritage Site: Crkva sv. Ivan Krstitelj, also in Trogir
Katedrala sv. Marka, in Makarska
Its suffragans are
in Croatia:
Diocese of Dubrovnik (Ragusa)
Diocese of Hvar-Brac e Vis
Diocese of Šibenik (Knin)
in Montenegro:
Diocese of Kotor (Cattaro)
Episcopal ordinaries
(all Roman Rite; many bio-data to be added)
Bishops of Salona
Known bishops of Salona include :
Saint Domnius is patron saint of both the Archidiocese and the city of Split.
Hesychius III is mentioned in the twentieth book of St.Augustine of Hippo's De Civitate Dei
Glycerius, 474
an epistle from Pope Gelasius I (492–496) is addressed to bishop Honorius.[6]
Metropolitan Archbishops of Salona
Archbishop Honorius III conducted a synod in 530; Natalis at a Council in 590, unjustly deposed his archdeacon Honoratus, but pope Gregory the Great took the latter's part.
Natalis, 582 (20th)
Maximus the Schismatic
John of Ravenna † (650 – circa 680)
Petar II † (?)
Martin I † (?)
Leone † (?)
Petar III † (840–860 Died)
Justin † (860–876 Died)
Marino † (881–886 Died)
Teodozije † (887–893)
Petar IV † (893–912)
Ivan II † (914–928)
Januarije II † (?–circa 940)
Frontinijan III † (circa 940 – circa 970)
Martin II † (970–1000)
Pavao † (1015–1030)
Martin III † (1030)
Dobralj † (1030–1050 Deposed)
Ivan III † (1050–1059 Resigned)
Lawrence, Archbishop of Split † (1059–1099 Died)
Crescenzio † (1110–1112 Died)
Manasse † (1112 – 1114 o 1115 Deposed)
Sede vacante (1115–1135)
Grgur † (1135)
Gaudio † (1136–1158 Deposed)
Absalom † (1159–1161 Died)
Petar V † (2 July 1161 Appointed – 1166 Died)
Albert de Morra † (1166)
Gerardo † (1167–1175 nominated archbishop of Siponto)
Out of the long series of its seventy-nine archbishops may be mentioned St. Rayner (d. 1180), and the unfortunate Marcus Antonius de Dominis, who was deprived of his office after having filled it for fourteen years and died an apostate at Rome in 1624; Thomas, who resigned his office voluntarily (thirteenth century), is the author of a history of the bishops of Salona and Spalato.[6]
Raynerius of Split † (1175 – 4 August 1180 Died)
Petar VI † (1185–1187 nominated archbishop of Kalocsa)
Petar VII † (1188–1196)
Bernard of Perugia † (1198–1217 Died)
Slavič † (1217–1219)
Guncel † (29 Jul 1220 Appointed – 31 May 1242 Died)
Ugrin † (April 1245 – 27 Nov 1248 Died)
Roger of Torre Maggiore † (30 April 1249 Appointed – 14 April 1266 Died)
Ivan de Buzad † (1266 Appointed – 1294 Died)
Jakob † (1294–1297 Resigned) (elected archbishop)
Petar VIII † (10 May 1297 Appointed – 1324)
Belian † (26 Sep 1324 Appointed – 28 Jan 1328 Died)
Domenico Luccari † (17 Oct 1328 Appointed – April 1348 Died)
Ivan † (30 May 1348 Appointed – ?)
Hugolin Branca † (25 June 1349 Appointed – 1388 Resigned)
Andrea Gualdo † (29 May 1389 Appointed – 1402 Resigned)
Pellegrino d'Aragona † (18 April 1403 Appointed – 7 Mau 1409 Died)
Doimo Giudici † (11 August 1410 Appointed – 1411 Resigned), also Dujam de Judicibus [7]
Peter of Pag † (19 Oct. 1411 Appointed – 30 dicembre 1426 Died)
Francesco Malipiero † (27 Jan. 1427 Appointed – 16 June 1428 nominated archbishop of Castello)
Bartolomeo Zabarella † (16 June 1428 Appointed – 18 Dec 1439 nominated archbishop of Firenze)
Jacopino Badoer (18 Dec 1439 – 1451 Died)[2]
Lorenzo Zanni (Zane) (5 June 1452 – 28 April 1473 Appointed, Bishop of Treviso)[8]
Pietro Riario † (28 April 1473 Appointed as Apostolic administrator – 3 Jan 1474 Died)
Giovanni Dacri, O.F.M., 1474 – 15 Feb 1485 Died)
Pietro Foscari † (1 April 1478 Appointed as Apostolic administrator – 17 Sep 1479 Resigned)
Bernardo Zanne † (15 Feb 1503 Appointed – 5 Jan 1524 Died)
Andrea Cornaro † (1527 Appointed – 1537 Resigned) [9]
Marco Cornaro (Corner) † (11 Aug 1537 Appointed – 1566 Resigned)
Alvise Michiel † (19 July 1566 Appointed – 1582 Died)
Giovanni Domenico Marcot (Malcoto detto Foconio), Dominican Order (O.P.) † (1582 Succeeded – 2 Aug 1602 Died)
Marc'Antonio de Dominis † (15 Nov 1602 Appointed – 1616 Resigned))[10]
Sfortia Ponzoni † (22 Aug 1616 Appointed – 1641 Died)[10]
Leonard Bondumier † (15 April 1641 Appointed – 1668 Resigned[10][11]
Bonifazio Albani, Somascans (C.R.S.) † (30 Jan 1668 Appointed – 18 Feb 1678 Died)
Stephanus Cosimi, C.R.S. † (5 Sep 1678 Appointed – 10 May 1707 Died)[12]
Stefano Cupilli, C.R.S. † (12 March 1708 Appointed – 11 Dec 1719 Died)
Giovanni Battista Laghi, C.R.S. † (15 Apr 1720 Appointed – 11 Feb 1730 Died)
Antoine Kacich † (18 Dec 1730 Appointed – 7 Oct 1745 Died)
Pacifico Bizza † (17 Jan 1746 Appointed – 13 May 1756 Died)
Nicolaus Dinaricio † (3 Jan 1757 Appointed – Jun 1764 Died)
Giovanni Luca Garagnin † (5 Jun 1765 Appointed – 20 Oct 1780 Died)
Lelio de Cippico † (20 Sep 1784 Appointed – 24 Mar 1807 Died)
Suffragan Bishops of Split-Makarska
Paolo Miossich † (15 March 1830 Confirmed – 10 Oct 1837 Died)
Giuseppe Godeassi † (27 April 1840 Confirmed – 22 June 1843 Confirmed, Archbishop of Zadar)
Luigi Pini † (17 June 1844 Confirmed – 11 Jan 1865 Died)
Marko Kalogjera (Marco Calogerà, Calogjera) † (29 Oct 1866 Appointed – 1888 Died)
Filip Frane Nakić † (30 Dec 1889 Appointed – 1910 Died)
Antun Gjivoje † (11 July 1911 Appointed – 27 Feb 1917 Died)
Georg Carić † (8 June 1918 Appointed – 17 May 1921 Died)
Quirinus Clement Bonefacic † (6 June 1923 Appointed – 9 May 1954 Retired)
Frane Franić † (24 Dec 1960 Appointed – see below)
Metropolitan Archbishops of Split-Makarska
Frane Franić † (see above 24 Dec 1960 Appointed – 10 Sep 1988 Retired)
Ante Jurić † (10 Sep 1988 Appointed – 21 June 2000 Retired)
Marin Barišić (21 June 2000 Appointed – )
^ "Metropolitan Archdiocese of Split-Makarska" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved September 25, 2016
^ a b "Archdiocese of Split-Makarska" GCatholic.org. Gabriel Chow. Retrieved September 25, 2016
^ Catholic Hierarchy page
^ A history of Christianity in the Balkans
^ a b Matthew Spinka, A history of Christianity in the Balkans: a study in the spread of Byzantine culture among the Slavs, pp. 19–20
^ a b c d Catholic Encyclopedia article
^ "Dujam de Judicibus". genealogia.dejudicibus.it. Retrieved June 20, 2019.
^ "Patriarch Lorenzo Zanni (Zane)" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved September 28, 2016
^ "Archbishop Andrea Cornaro". catholic-hierarchy.org. Retrieved July 31, 2017.
^ a b c Gauchat, Patritius (Patrice). HIERARCHIA CATHOLICA MEDII ET RECENTIORIS AEVI Vol IV. p. 320.
^ "Archbishop Leonardo Bondumier" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved January 20, 2017
^ "Archbishop Stephanus Cosimi, C.R.S." Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved March 21, 2016
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "article name needed". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton.
GigaCatholic with incumbent biography links
Luttwak, Edward. The grand strategy of the Byzantine Empirep. 164
History of the bishops of Salona and Split
Coordinates: 43°30′29″N 16°26′26″E / 43.5081°N 16.4405°E / 43.5081; 16.4405