The Framers Forum • View topic - A finish for the more experienced framer.
A finish for the more experienced framer.
Tortoishell...This example is is red shell which is perhaps more used on frames than other colours. This is in my opinion, the best way in achieving a real tortoishell effect that actually resembles "shell". It can be cut shaped sanded just as you might do with a thin veneer and I have often used this effect (different coloured shell) within the Interior design environment as well as many Dutch Old Master flower paintings combined with ripple moulded timber as depicted (which I make at home),in the frame featured. I do not use the shame "shell" pattern, this is never the same as each piece is handmade. The examples show one finish of a single piece of shell under different grounds. As with most finishing processes, the skill is in keeping it thin in order for the ground to enhance this effect and to show the effect. I hope a few framers/finishers have a go at this effect.
Re: A finish for the more experienced framer.
I once did a tshell frame by accident. Was doing a woodgrain effect by using an orangey basecoat and a dark brown wash which was meant to be wiped and dragged. I put the wash on and something interrupted me. when I came back the wash had all beaded up on the surface and dried in blotches. It looked quite good so I waxed it. I've done similar ones since using a squirty bottle. it doesn't so much look like tshell but has the look of it if you get my drift.
where do you get the shell from?
I know what you mean Prospero, sometimes these things happen by accident and end up looking very pleasant. Would like to see an image if you have one? Some of the tortoishell finishes using either oil or acrylic scumble glazes etc, can look good and nothing wrong doing anything this way. Scumble works very well with a host of effects especially marble. Meant to mention on your previous post, I like the balance in how you have presented the display, putting the photo at the top, rather than the bottom, to my eye, makes it work very well.
No Timh, not from the beach, wish it was that simple. I make the shell effect using clear film as you can see from the image. The effect is then worked onto the film thinly so it's opaque as in the example and applied over a profile or used depending on the need. Looks very good under a gold ground or metal leaf. You get a lovely glow from the finish especially if situated near a direct light source. Have a go!
"You know, there's a right and wrong way to do everything!"
Interests: Cycling, walking, darkroom photography and laughing a lot!
Wow it looks brilliant, I like it a lot!
Making just that little bit of difference to someone, somewhere.
Nice effect Prospero and being of those shades, I can imagine ( around the right sort of art) it being very complementary. It's not tortoishell of course but the effect you have achieved nevertheless, is a good one. Have you used this one or other similar colours since. Dont know if you have tried oil scumbles, enamel varnishes etc, but on a gesso sanded profile they can look very good and would lend itself well to the effect you have achieved. Happy Easter everyone!
I really like these finishes! Being fairly new to this please could someone explain what an "oil scumble" is? Thanks a lot, and Happy Easter to all.
"Industry without art is brutality." - John Ruskin.
As you rightly observe Geoff, it's merely a nod towards tshell rather than an attempt to imitate it. For 'arty' subjects it's best used sparingly. Narrow inlays such as this can be very effective and lend a richness to a frame.
Having said that, I have never used it in anger . A full width finish like the sample would look great on a mirror frame. For fine art stuff it's too in-your-face. I think of mirror frames as furniture though .
These days, tortoise shell finishes are quite a rarity, but as a classic victorian frame finish it wonderfully evokes an historic period feel, I have produced faux tortoise shell finishes for customers and remembered that there was a very helpful picture of a tortoise shell finish in one of Peers Feetham's books.
Since I could not have access to a genuine tortoise shell finish, I had to rely on copying the picture in the book and was not completely sure how well it represented the real thing. However the customer was totally delighted, so need not have worried.
Later, I was able to see and handle a real tortoise shell frame in a local auction and was very pleased to see how realistic my own version turned out to be. I'm currently teaching two friends (both forum members) some handfinishing skills and techniques, during evening get together sessions. So, I'm wondering if they will want to learn to do a tortoise shell finish. If so, I'll do a photo for the forum.
BTW, I am fortunate to own copies of both of the Peers Feetham books and can thoughly recommend them to anyone wishing to add good framing books to their own collection. They are both long out of print, but they do turn up from time to time, if you keep an eye out for them.
Yes Mark, The books you mention are very interesting and another I find myself looking at more these days, is one by Jenny Juracek simply called: "Surfaces". You might well have heard of that one. I too have many samples of "real" shell, one being particularly large. Yes t/shell has it's limitations and as mentioned I have used it on many Interior design projects, lots of mirrors and on quite a number of Dutch old master paintings. I have a good reference of the shell itself which I usually work from as a guide. As on my initial post, I like to have a separate shell that I can handle as in a real one and cut, shape etc to whatever is needed. I use diacel film for this and apply the effect to one side of it. This is then laid over a profile a piece at a time so one is butted up to the next. This adds a very realistic "shell" effect as you can imagine. Once completed around the profile or profiles if several sections are needed, I sand these back which again gives an impression of "worked shell". Usually I polish (thinly) the whole synthetic shell which gives a wonderful finish and if placed over a gold leaf ground you end up with a beautiful glow coming through. Lots of different coloured shell can be made of course. I have used other methods in achieving this effect in the past as you describe too.
not entirely sure what I am doing wrong here, are you supposed to leave the head on?
Interests: Films ,music and art, my wife and kids are pretty cool too.
Like your sense of humour !!!!!!, not as good as "finglongerer" but close.
Oh, and well done to Prospero and Geoff on your spooky finishes.
Organisation: Considering the options. Again!
Interests: Changes on a daily basis, but I'm never without a book to read.
A few more recent things.
Dutch Old Masters, failing that a Sid and Nancy photo.


Paragon ID (Euronext Paris - FR0011980077 - PID), the leading provider of identification solutions for Transport, e-ID, Traceability and Brand Protection, is pleased to announce that the "Régie des Transports Métropolitains" (RTM) Aix-Marseille-Provence has renewed its contract for the supply of contactless tickets with Paragon ID for a further 5 years. Paragon won the contract following a European tender process.
RTM has been a customer of Paragon ID for more than 40 years, since the inauguration of the Marseille Metro in 1977. Since then, Paragon ID has supported RTM through successive technological revolutions - first in the early 90s, when magnetic tickets replaced traditional tickets and more recently, in 2012, with the adoption of contactless technology.


'Tis the season to send holiday greetings, and even better when they are customizable and multilingual for use around the world. Lucky for you, we've already done all the complicated translation work.
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↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 CIA - The World Factbook. "Brunei", from The World Factbook. Referenced 2010-09-30.
↑ Transparency International. "Brunei", Corruption Perceptions Index 2009. A lower ranking is better; but please note that the numbers cannot be compared between countries or years due to different methodology. Referenced 2010-09-30.
↑ Carmen M. Reinhart and Kenneth S. Rogoff. "This Time is Different", Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-14216-6, p. 354. (The list does not claim to be complete.) Referenced 2011-07-19.
↑ World Bank. "Brunei: GDP", from World Bank Data. Referenced 2010-09-30.
↑ World Bank. "Brunei: government debt", from World Bank Data. Referenced 2010-09-30.
↑ World Bank. "Brunei: government revenue", from World Bank Data. Referenced 2010-09-30.
↑ World Bank. "Brunei: government expenses", from World Bank Data. Referenced 2010-09-30.
This page was last edited on 19 July 2011, at 17:40.


Liv is an Associate in the Music team. Her main focus is advising on a wide range of legal and commercial issues within the music industry, including advising both emerging and established artists, songwriters, managers and producers. She also advises a number of independent publishers and record labels.
Before qualifying as a lawyer, Liv worked in the music industry for a number of years as an artist manager and musician.


The always exciting Atlantic City getaway got ramped up a couple notches this weekend with the opening of its newest luxury hotel—the Ocean Resort Casino. After new ownership purchased and renovated the vacated Revel hotel, the 60-story resort opened its 1,399 rooms for business with gusto and style. After a four-year absence from Atlantic City's boardwalk, the building has been completely reworked—from its floor plan to its restaurants, its conference spaces and its spas.
The resort had a soft open on Wednesday but followed up with a festive celebration on Thursday which welcomed guests like celebrities Mark Wahlberg and Jamie Foxx as well as Atlantic City's mayor.
Guests spent opening night enjoying the 20-acre, beachside property that runs along Atlantic City's boardwalk. On the hotel floor, a 138,000-square-foot casino with over 99 table games, 1,945 slot machines, and the new, recently legalized draw of sports betting welcomed the curious and cavalier alike. Its premier spa, Exhale, caters to those looking to refresh, relax and cleanse. The resort has no shortage of great eats, with 16 restaurants that range from classic casino buffets to elite dining. Whether for burgers, bars, Asian-style noodles or Italian gelato, the restaurants offered exciting opening day venues for both visitors and locals.
The Ocean Resort Casino hopes to attract major events to its 6,000-seat Ovation Hall. For its inaugural year, the resort will host comedians like Wanda Sykes and Wayne Brady, while also hosting tribute bands and boxing bouts. The resort has added its own personal touch to Atlantic City's nightlife with new beach clubs and nightclubs to explore.
It will certainly be exciting to see how the new resort impacts Atlantic City's recent revival. As one of two luxury hotels to open in the past week, Ocean Resort Casino has already changed Atlantic City's trajectory for the better. The beach is back with a bang in AC and Ocean Resort Casino will help marshal the parade.


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Senát Spojených států amerických, anglicky United States Senate, je horní komora dvoukomorového Kongresu Spojených států. Dolní komorou je Sněmovna reprezentantů Spojených států amerických, nicméně Ústava Spojených států amerických označení horní a dolní komora nepoužívá a podle ní je postavení obou komor rovnocenné.

Místem schůzí Senátu je severní křídlo Kapitolu.

Historie
Existence senátu je zakotvena v Ústavě od roku 1787, jeho hlavním úkolem mělo být vyvažovat postavení států bez ohledu na jejich velikost. První zasedání celého Kongresu bylo svoláno 4. března 1789 do newyorské Federal Hall, senátoři se 6. dubna téhož roku dohodli na kvóru a zvolili si svého vrátného, sekretáře a kaplana. Horní komoru tehdy tvořilo 26 zástupců jednotlivých států, dělili se na příznivce a odpůrce vlády prezidenta Washingtona, což předznamenalo pozdější vznik Demokraticko-republikánské a Federalistické strany. Prvním předsedou ex officio se stal John Adams, prvním předsedou pro tempore John Langdon. Od roku 1790 zasedal ve Filadelfii, v roce 1800 již natrvalo přesídlil do budovy Kapitolu. Členy Senátu nominovaly jednotlivé státy, až od roku 1913 byl prosazen sedmnáctý dodatek Ústavy, který umožnil jejich přímou volbu.

Složení Senátu
V Senátu má každý z 50 států Unie dva zástupce (zatímco počet členů Sněmovny reprezentantů je úměrný počtu obyvatel státu), což zaručuje vzájemnou rovnost na základě tzv. Connecticutského kompromisu. Každý senátor je volen přímo (podle XVII. dodatku Ústavy z roku 1913; do té doby je volily parlamenty států, i když některé postupně přešly na potvrzování lidové volby) na šestileté období, přičemž každý sudý rok se obmění třetina. Senátoři (z jednoho státu nebo při jiném vzájemném porovnávání) se tradičně rozlišují na starší a mladší (senior, junior) podle délky, kterou už v Senátu strávili.

Základní roční plat senátora činí 174 000 dolarů, předseda pro tempore a hlavní představitelé zastoupených stran si přijdou až na 193 400 dolarů.

Uprázdněné mandáty

Sedmnáctý dodatek ústavy, kromě přímé volby senátorů, ukládá výkonné moci jednotlivých států resp. guvervérům těchto států vyhlásit doplňovací volby (angl. special election) pokud dojde k uprázdnění senátorského mandátu (např. z důvodu rezignace nebo úmrtí senátora). Senátor zvolený v doplňovacích volbách se ujme úřadu co nejdříve a to do konce volebního období senátora, kterého nahrazuje. Stejný dodatek dále umožňuje parlamentům jednotlivých států dát guvernérům pravomoc na uvolněný post dočasně jmenovat senátora do uskutečnění doplňovacích (nebo řádných) voleb.

 Severní Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, Rhode Island a Wisconsin neumožňují guvernérům jmenování náhradníka a vyžadují přímo doplňovací volby,
 Alabama, Aljaška, Connecticut, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Texas, Vermont a Washington umožňují guvernérům jmenování náhradníka, ale vyžadují konání doplňovacích voleb v brzkém termínu,
 36 států umožňuje jmenování dočasného senátora guvernérům, přičemž jím jmenovaný senátor se ujme svého úřadu do konce řádného mandátu nebo do nejbližších celostátních voleb.
 Ve státech Arizona, Havaj, Severní Karolína, Maryland, Utah a Wyoming musí guvernér jmenovat náhradního senátora ze stejné strany jako byl poslední řádně zvolený senátor.

Složení v lednu 2023
V Senátu je 49 zástupců Republikánské strany, 48 Demokratické strany a tři nezávislí, kteří budou spolupracovat s Demokratickou stranou. Rozhodující hlas v případě shody patří viceprezidentce Kamale Harrisové. Demokraté budou kontrolovat komise Senátu. Demokratická strana přišla v listopadových volbách o většinu ve Sněmovně reprezentantů, prezident Joe Biden z téže strany přislíbil konstruktivní spolupráci na chodu vlády s Republikány.

Předseda Senátu a jeho funkce
Předsedou Senátu ex officio je viceprezident Spojených států amerických, který může hlasovat jen v případě rovnosti hlasů. Po 2. světové válce viceprezident předsedá jen málokdy a účastní se pouze při ceremoniálních příležitostech (jako skládání slibu nových senátorů nebo společné schůze obou komor), případně v situaci, kde se očekává potřeba rozhodnout patové hlasování.

Pokud není přítomen viceprezident, zasedání pléna vede předseda pro tempore (President pro tempore, z latiny "toho času"). Na základě tradice je za předsedu volen nejdéle sloužící senátor většinové strany. Ani on však obvykle nepředsedá sám, ale deleguje to na mladší senátory své strany, obvykle po hodinových blocích. Často jsou předsedáním pověřováni nejnověji zvolení senátoři, aby se seznámili s pravidly a procedurami.

Pravomoci Senátu
V legislativním procesu při schvalování zákonů jsou obě komory rovnocenné. Proto se nehovoří o klasickém dělení na "dolní" a "horní" komoru zastupitelského orgánu. Zákon lze navrhnout v každé z nich, a také jeho přijetí a projednání musí být uskutečněno v obou komorách.

Senátu byly dány další pravomoci, kterými může "brzdit a vyvažovat" moc výkonnou. Například prezident Spojených států amerických nemůže bez prodiskutování nebo souhlasu Senátu ratifikovat mezinárodní smlouvy nebo jmenovat některé členy své administrativy, jakožto například velvyslance, členy federálních soudů (včetně Nejvyššího soudu Spojených států), členy vlády a členy rady Federálního rezervního systému.

Galerie

Odkazy

Reference

Externí odkazy

Kongres USA
Horní komory

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Laces LAUNDRY BALL allows you to clean sneaker laces by simply tossing them in the washer.
Can it be used in a dryer?
The "Laces LAUNDRY BALL" is dryer safe.
Will it remove ground in dirt (stains)?
Let's face it...if you're playing football, or...soccer in your nice new kicks; you'll need a "miracle" to get the laces looking good again. But for stubborn, hard to remove stains and ground in dirt, "LLB' recommends pre-soaking laces before placing in washer.


6th grade children in the Netherlands are waiting to talk to their peers in Gaza.
On-screen, the kids roar with laughter as the young Dutch girl answers their question. This is not your average conversation -- it's a meeting between worlds, facilitated by video calling. Teasing the girl about her fear, it's clear to see that kids will be kids. But when the classroom of 6th graders from the Netherlands asks the same question, the response of the refugee children in Gaza hits home.
"I often think about the bombing. I'm still afraid."
The differences are stark -- shocking, even. But most striking is how the children engage with each other, regardless of their location or what they've lived through. That visceral response to seeing another child. Wanting to communicate, talking about their lives, making each other laugh.
In a world where conflicts about racial and cultural differences dominate the headlines, that's an impressive feat.
The video call is an initiative of War Child Holland, an NGO that provides psychosocial and educational support to children affected by conflict. In addition to their field work in eleven war struck countries, War Child works to educate Dutch youth about children who live in the middle of violence. Such as Burundi, or Colombia -- and in case of this video call, the Gaza Strip.
Too often children in conflict areas are merely portrayed as victims, who have others speak for them. But this call to hear them speak for themselves, uniting them through modern technology, turned out to be incredibly powerful. Even though video calling is brand new to the kids in Gaza, they sure have plenty to say.
That she loves to read, one girl demurely tells the camera. A boy nearby tells the Dutch class, in a confident voice, that he wants to become a doctor so he can help others. Conversation flows easily with comfortable body language as the children study each other while talking.
When the topic turns grim, they openly offer insight into their lives. War or no war, the resilience and hope of these kids is something adults can learn from.
"Sometimes I have nightmares and I'll lay awake", one Gaza boy tells the Dutch group. "Then I'll go play for a little while." The girl next to him chimes in, a smile in her eyes echoing her words. "I really like talking to you, because this way I have friends across the world."
The video call, a first time experience for the children in Gaza, is an immediate hit; as soon as the video switches on, children on both sides frantically wave at each other.
Program coordinator Jamal Alrozzi has been working with refugee children for many years. Seeing the kids perk up during the call, and talking to them afterwards, makes it clear to him how valuable it is to build bridges through technology.
"These kids have no chance of meeting other people," he explains as he facilitates the call from Gaza. "The waiting drains their hope. But interaction like this empowers them. They become engaged, they feel surrounded. Not alone. And that is a very good thing."
While the children in the Netherlands may not deal with the isolation of their Gaza peers, they still feel the connection that was created after the call. A thousand miles apart, living in completely different surroundings, they can now imagine what life is like for their new friends. They ask questions of their teacher, and several of the Dutch kids pipe up and say they want to help children in conflict.
Bonds were formed, thanks to technology that went far beyond just connecting them. This call created global citizens, young as they may be, who are now aware of their place in the world and of other children who want to reach out to them. And there's one thing they all want to know.
"When can we talk to our friends again?"


WoW may be something we say, but at Pace, WoW is something we do. SDCA presents the Week of Welcome, featuring comedy nights, acoustic performances, and more on the PLV Campus.
PLV's Week of Welcome kicks off on January 24 with Comedy Night, featuring stand-up star Will Marfori. Marfori, who was born with cerebral palsy, hasn't allowed his disability to prevent him from entertaining audiences, performing all over the country including on The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson.
On January 25, Pace Pride Night is your slam dunk choice for a ball and a ball game, and on January 26, the Organization Fair takes over Setter's Cafe and Gottesman and Nu Zeta Phi gives you the Welcome Back Potluck you deserve.
On January 27, Mugs 'n Movies makes its debut and will continue throughout the semester. Come to Kessel and sit back, relax, and enjoy a great movie and some free snacks! The first film is The Other Guys, and you can keep up with SDCA on Twitter and Facebook to find out what's playing throughout the semester.
On January 28, brunch will be served as we honor Martin Luther King, Jr. (read more here) and you can rock out with SDCA at Coffee House with singer, guitarist, and harmonicist Jason LeVasseur, who's opened for powerhouse acts like Dave Matthews Band, Ludacris, Maroon 5, John Mayer, Ben Folds, and Sugarland at night. LeVasseur will take the stage at 9:00 p.m. and Pace students will get the chance to showcase their talents from 8:00 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. Free food!
On January 29, get lost at sea with NATURE, Pace's Environmental Club, as you head to Mystic Aquarium in Connecticut for an afternoon of sea lions, penguins, and beluga whales, oh my!
And that's not all. You know we wouldn't give you a week of welcome without some awesome discounts. More than 30 Pleasantville businesses are offering a 10% discount for the Pace Community on January 22 and January 23 to honor the end of winter break and the start of the spring semester. Businesses include sweets shops like Flour & Sun Bakery, RocnRoe's Pop Shop, and Coldstone; plenty of restaurants including the Pleasantville Diner and McArthur's American Grille; and a bunch of salons, bookstores, and more! Download and print the Pleasantville Discount Program Participants now!


A 2 day training course for learners who conduct legionella risk assessments of larger hot and cold water systems. It is a process description and auditing course, highly recommended and specifically designed at improving competency for those wishing to undertake legionella risk assessments of larger hot and cold water systems.
N.B. Should the learner be very inexperienced, Legionella and ACOP L8 Awareness (WS11) prior to sitting the Management of Legionella Bacteria in Hot and Cold Water Systems (WS2) should be the route of entry, before finally sitting this WS8. Sitting a prior Management of Legionella Bacteria in Hot and Cold Water Systems (WS2) course is also highly recommended for more experienced learners, if they have not undertaken detailed hot and cold water system training since 2014.
A minimum of two years industry experience as a legionella risk assessor.
Sit a Management of Legionella Bacteria in Hot and Cold Water Systems (WS2) course within three months of sitting this WS8.
Meeting the risk assessment requirements of the Fourth Edition Approved Code of Practice (ACOP L8) and associated Technical Guidance Document HSG 274 Part 2.
The course material is immensely focused around BS 85810:2010 Water Quality – Risk Assessments for Legionella Control – Code of Practice (the highest industry standard).
Understanding of a procedure to follow throughout the risk assessment.
Understanding of how a risk assessment template might be drawn up or developed.
Significant improvement in the way the written scheme and the attitudes of management are appraised.
Training and assessment by a reputable provider in the industry and by trainers very experienced in legionella risk assessment.
Reduced risk of the moral / legal / financial implications associated common place unsuitable and insufficient risk assessment.
Learners are able to mix with like-minded individuals and share thoughts on best practice and experiences.
The need for risk assessment.
Appraisal of safe design / operation.
Appraisal of maintenance / monitoring / inspection.
The material delivered will not include a description of how hot and cold water systems should be designed, operated, maintained and managed - this course assumes you have prior knowledge and is focused on the process of risk assessment and competent auditing of the systems and structures in place to control legionella.
This course incorporates assessment and certification under the City and Guilds Frontline Skills Framework Utilities 5831 scheme unit 402 – Legionella Risk Assessment of Commercial Hot and Cold Water Systems.
The certificate has no expiry date but regular refresher training is recommended.
Learning will come in a classroom environment in the form of trainer delivery of slides, individual and group workbook exercises, videos, trainer activities and video walkthrough of an example commercial hot and cold water system showing a how a system survey can be performed.
All course material will be provided by the trainer, however, learners are welcome to bring with them any materials used within legionella management such as risk assessments, water hygiene logbooks or management systems so that they can see how their materials fit in to the context of the training.
1 day course to safely disinfect water supply systems within buildings. Compliance with ACoP L8 Fourth edition.
2 day course for plumbing and heating engineers, qualification in-line with regulations and guidance.
1 day course for understanding of thermostatic mixing valves, operation and testing. Includes focus on preventing scalding.
"I'd like to thank Dan for his knowledge in this field. It will help me massively going forward as I was inexperienced before the course."
Mark Wardrope, Cleartech Water Solutions Ltd.
Reservation ONLY: Please use the form link to request a reservation via our enquiry form, or make a reservation by calling us on 0800 876 6708.


Raúl Barón Biza (1899-1964) was many things: writer, cynic, millionaire, politician, lover, pornographer & a victim of suicide. Many online sources dig into his fascinating life, but for this post we'll limit ourselves to his first love, her tragedy & her burial.
— You're thinking of using an airplane as your method of transportation?
— Of course! I'm training now to begin a quick trip around this country that I love so much.
— Will this be a groundbreaking trip?
— I don't know –she says smiling– that will be for you to decide. I'm thinking about flying over all 14 provinces. And I'll do it in my small B.F.W. airplane, with an 80 horsepower Siemens engine.
— You realize that someone else has already flown over all 14 provinces?
— I do. And with time on my side, I'll do it as well.
— In how many days?
— Does your airplane have a unique name?
— Once finished, are you considering another big trip?
— Yes. I will try to show that a small plane, made for tourism, can do some interesting things.
— That's a risky undertaking.
— It will be. But I've got enough enthusiasm to give it a go.
And after this last sentence, the charming movie star who has mastered all types of sport bids us goodbye to resume her training.
Three days after the accident, Stefford (who was never mentioned as "the wife of Barón Biza", something rare for the time) & her instructor Luis Fuchs were buried in Recoleta Cemetery. The actress/aviatrix was laid to rest in a mausoleum which then belonged to Wilfrid Barón, the father of Barón Biza. The structure was later sold to the Fabre family, & next to its current owner, the De Viñas family.
Myriam didn't stay in Recoleta long, since Raúl Barón Biza immediately ordered the construction of the largest sepulchre in the country: a monstrous vault 82 m tall placed in the countryside of Los Cerrillos, near Alta Gracia in Córdoba province. His friend, the engineer Fausto Regino Newton, designed the concrete monument whose meaning remains unclear to many: Is it the profile of a plane's wing, as is often said? Is it an obelisk, taller than the one in Buenos Aires as many people from Córdoba proudly claim? Or is it an Egyptian symbol of resurrection? Whatever its significance, Myriam Stefford moved there on 22 Nov 1935 & was placed under several meters of cement… that's when legends began to circulate. It's said that she was buried with her jewels, among them a 45-carat diamond named the "Cruz del Sur", with Barón Biza laying traps to prevent anyone from profaning the tomb—including placing explosives—& on the very top a beacon whose light could be seen for several kilometers.
The truth is that the monument remains in place after all these years, after a second great tragedy in the life of Barón Biza: one afternoon in August 1964 in an act of rage, he threw acid on the face of his second wife, Clotilde Sabatini, & immediately afterwards shot himself in the head. He had sold the land where Stefford's mausoleum sits in Alta Gracia many years earlier.
This is how it looks now, abandoned & alone. A project has been proposed to convert the area into a theme park about the enigmatic writer & his young wife who passed away prematurely. In the meantime, the "wing" attracts the curious, as well as architecture fans & film students… also a number of distraught people who have unfortunately committed suicide by jumping from the tallest window.
Originally, the monolith displayed the motor of Chingolo II along with many plaques but all have since been removed or stolen. The entrance to the monolith remained opened for many years, but vandalism & attempted profanation prompted officials to solder the door shut permanently. No one now climbs the hundreds of steps to reach the top; supposedly the last time was in 2008. The future of this forgotten monument remains uncertain.
Thanks to co-author Marcelo Metayer for contributing this post. The original version in Spanish (with additional text & photos) can be found on his blog: El Navegante Solitario.


Save by combining your flights and accommodations. Expedia has some epic Cours vacation packages that'll simplify things and give you more cash to splurge!
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Getting excited about your trip to Cours? Looking for a few pointers about what to do when you arrive? That's where we can help!
Let your inner subterranean explorer run wild at Grotte de Lastournelle. Just don't forget to take a flashlight! Still got time to spare? Make your way slowly through the caverns, tunnels and shafts at Grottes de Fontirou. If you're feeling brave, try flicking off your torch and spend a few seconds in the silent, inky blackness.
If you're seeking cheap vacations or luxury getaways in Cours, it's wise to book your accommodations before you leave. There are just 3 Expedia properties currently available.
We recommend the Deltour Hôtel Villeneuve-sur-Lot (Avenue de Bordeaux) and the Hôtel Les Rives du Plantié (Route de Castelmauron). They've got fantastic reviews and top-notch amenities.
Blagnac Airport (TLS) is located 60 miles (97 km) southeast of the center of Cours. Grab your bags, call for a cab and get this vacation started!
It was a nice Hotel, comfortable, hot shower and warm in the room.
nice staff, small room and nice breakfast!
Good location for our house hunting trip. Lots of facoliyies. Car park diffucukt to get in and out if you are not a stunt driver!
This is a typical Campanile hotel, and no different than any other. The plus is the welcoming you get and the service during dinner time, which is efficient, despite a busy night and well organised.


How often do we dream of faraway places and adventures in cultures that are unfamiliar to us? Travelling to distant lands on a tight schedule often only allow us to skim the surface of what is unique to a place. Living in another country, on the other hand, and being open to the magic that lies beyond the obvious is a special opportunity, not just for excitement and adventure, but also for introspection. It is when one allows a country to permeate one's consciousness that a deeper understanding and appreciation of everything that makes us different, yet the same, can surface.
Not only was I born with itchy South African feet, but also a curiosity and interest in the world at large that reading on its own, will never be able to quench. As a result I have done au pair work in Germany, taught English in Taiwan and Korea, had a stint in Kenya and Zambia, and walked across northern Spain following the Camino Francaise from St Jean Pied du Port to Finisterre. Shorter trips took me to Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, Hong Kong, Singapore, France, Austria, Holland, Portugal, India, Thailand, Cambodia, Ethiopia, Oman, Nepal, Turkey, Jordan, Brazil, Myanmar, Indonesia, and Malaysia. My life is rich with experiences and stories from my travels.
Since my arrival in the UAE on 20 October 2011, my senses have been flooded with images, sounds, tastes, smells and textures. It is this gentle stirring of the senses that is compelling me to exploration, discovery, self-expression and sharing.
It was great to travel so far without moving.
Yo! Dis absoluut stunning – die see lyk soos n meer – is daar enige golwe? Lyk my jy's in jou element my pel! Wat van kos? Wat eet jy wat buitengewoon is?
OOOOOOO en wat van klere – het jy al iets gekoop wat ons sal laat kwyl?
Mis jou! Net besig met yoga yoga yoga!
Die see hier is soos 'n groot dam.
Like this blog! Good photographs, well written. And indeed; living for 13 yrs now in South Africa (and before that travelled extensively the globe) I think it would be good for many people, privileged South Africans not excluded (!!!), to sniff the fragrances of other worlds outside their own home/countries.
Thank you so much! I cannot agree more. Travel, especially living in a different culture, is not only an eye-opener, but a way to become more tolerant and compassionate. I certainly recommend it to everyone.
I'm in awe of your travels.. and now living in the UAE. More to explore 😉 Would love to hear more about your experience on the Camino.. I've been toying with the idea!
Thank you, Amit. The Camino is an experience like no other – I highly recommend it. Go with no expectations and simply allow the journey to teach you. Above all: do not rush. Just be aware that the French Way gets very busy during July/August. I would love to go back to Spain and walk one of the other Caminos (Camino del Norte or Via de la Plata). I wish you well on your journey to health and through life.
Can you recommend a website that provides a good overall view and pros and cons of the different routes/paths? I was leaning more towards September, thnx for the headsup!
September is a beautiful month to walk in. I can remember that I made use of the following website: http://www.santiago-compostela.net/ It has information on all the different routes. I have read extensively before the time, but have found that my experience was quite different from what I've read. There are many places to sleep along the way, and yearly new ones are added, so do not be put off when people write "bad" reviews. You are more than welcome to contact me via e-mail if you have specific questions. I'll answer them as best I can.
Thanks for stopping by http://www.TravelByTerry.com I am so glad you liked my latest post "You Say St. Martin And I Say St. Maarten". I am very impressed with your site and I look forward to checking it out a little further.
Thanks for the follow Jolandi, I would also love to follow your blog! A fellow peregrino!
I do hope you make it back to the Camino one day. Those early stages from Saint Jean are wonderful to walk!
Hi Julie! I hope that your dream of the Camino will come true for you one day. In the meantime: happy blogging, and sharing your daily travels through life.
Thanks for following my blog, and best wishes on your adventures. Thanks for sharing them, too, in your lovely blog!
Lovely blog, Jolandi! Thanks for stopping by and following, we feel honoured!
Thank you very much, I'll check that out.
Thanks for visiting and liking our blog post. You have some really interesting posts on here, as well as some gorgeous pictures!
Thank you Jo. Happy travels to the two of you.
Thanks for stopping by and liking my post! I'm so happy you did, as it allowed me to discover yours! I just started learning Arabic and traveling to the Middle East, I'm looking forward to perusing your posts!
Thank you! You expressed this so beautifully! Cheers from Latvia!
Good luck with the blogging. It is a whole lot of fun. Greece is on my bucket list, but until I get there, I'll experience it through your eyes. With one South African and one Greek foot you must certainly love the outdoors. Happy adventures.
Thanks for visiting my blog and liking my post about Lake Bolsena, love your photos.
lovely write-up. i am extremely envious of your extensive travel! good-luck to a lot more… thanks for visiting my blog!
As sodaglass said above, I too am envious of your travel. I do wander quite a bit closer to home though, and I see you've chosen to follow my wanderings, so thank you very much for that! Those are some beautiful photos of the desert sands, and I enjoyed what you had to say about your love of the desert. Well written!
Thank you very much. No matter where one wanders, there is always beauty to be found if we are prepared to notice it. Your photographs are good examples of this.
Thanks Harold. It is certainly a whole lot of fun adding travel adventures to my life that I can enjoy from the comfort of my couch!
I spent many happy years in that part of the world. Loved it.
Thank you Safia. It is lovely to make your acquaintance in cyberspace. I lived in RAK for only 7 months, but absolutely loved it. Although I enjoy Al Ain, I do miss the view I had of the mountains and the sea in RAK.
Jolandi, your travels sound enriching and exciting. Cheers to you for picking up and going off to explore new sights sounds and adventure. That is part of my life at this point as well, though my travels have not taken me out of America for several years now. Perhaps soon… Thanks for the likes on my pages and I hope to keep in touch. Your photography is an excellent view of the world.
Thank you, Alex! I do believe that all travels are enriching no matter where they take us. There is beauty to be found everywhere if we allow ourselves to notice it, and you certainly find yourself in a whole lot of "beauty". Happy travels and thank you for allowing me to get a glimpse into your world.
So true Jolandi, so true. Thanks as well, and you're welcome. I'm no stranger to sharing with others and happy to let you see what's going on with the travels. Keep in touch.
Thanks Alex, that is really kind of you.
You're very welcome. Hope you'll continue on the nominations and that you'll share some interesting facts about yourself as well. Talk again soon. Be well.
Wow! You really were born with itch feet! Thanks for the Like on Seeking Hearts of Italy. Looking forward to seeing more of your travels!
Your story and journey is really an interesting one Gwendoline. Maybe we will bump into one another when you are in Abu Dhabi. 🙂 Do go to the Sheikh Zayed Mosque when you are there – it is magnificent.
Your blog was one of the 1st I followed by someone I haven't actually met. And have been enchanted. I hope you don't mind, however would like to nominate you for the Liebster Award.
Ah, thank you so much. I feel honoured.
Hi Jolandi, thanks for following me. Whao! The amount of travelling you have packed in is mind boggling. And I thought I am well traveled. I'm glad you are going to try the other type of journey from your arm chair through my blogging, as I intend to be dishing out Nigeria's rich, ancient cultures on my sites. Steady tuned.
Thanks for stopping by and liking my blog. I look forward to checking out more of the photos on your site, and I appreciate your writing skills.
Hi Jolandi, thanks for liking the blog for triptao.com.
I love my "settledness" for now CK, but life here is quite transient, and although I love it here I have never lived for more than 5 years in one place. So who knows what the future holds!
Ah, thank you. You are most kind!
Thanks Kate. I hope my stories will help you remember the time you spent here. It certainly is an interesting country. Good luck with your recovery, and may many travels still await you.
Thanks Jolandi for stopping by at my site and following. You seem to have traveled a lot, at least by my standards. I am still finding means to do that. Lovely photographs you have taken. Please do keep coming to my site and also share your views on my posts. Interestingly, I was using the same theme which you are using until I changed to iTheme2. Looks great though. Nice blog. Keep it up.
How we engage with the places we visit, I believe, is far more important than the number of places we can tick on a world map. The joy of travel is to embrace every moment and opportunity that arises. It is a lot of fun looking at the world through your eyes!
Hello Jolandi! Thanks for liking my post "Masterpiece". I think is great that you have lived in a lot of places. It's a great adventure and experience.
The professor sends his greetings. Very nice to meet you.
It is a great book. I hope you are enjoying it. Good luck in figuring out your next adventure! It would be interesting to see where life takes you next.
Hi Jolandi! I nominated you for the Shine On award. Just a little recognition for your creative and inspiring blog! You can see details at: http://theseasonedtraveler.wordpress.com/2013/09/26/the-shine-on-award/. Congrats!
Ah, thank you so much. I feel honoured. Especially coming from someone with such a delightful blog!
Thank you so much Prasad!
Thanks so much for visiting and following our blog. We are back after an extended summer hiatus, hope you will enjoy reading more about our Tuscan life. Your blog is a portal into another world…fascinating: Thanks for sharing.
I love this part of the world, but in the UAE have only made it to Dubai. Would be very interested in hearing your thoughts on different Emirates and how they compare. Are they all fairly similar?
I would say all the Emirates in the UAE are both similar and different to one another. Except perhaps for Dubai, which, according to me, is just different. Although Dubai is an interesting place to visit, I find it extremely superficial and not at all representative of Emirati culture. For something more 'authentic' it is best to travel away from both Dubai and Abu Dhabi. Al Ain (part of the Abu Dhabi Emirate), as the "garden city" is home to many oases and beautiful red dunes, while Ras-al-Khaimah (perhaps my favourite Emirate) has high mountains, the sea and red dunes. Kalba on the east coast (part of the Sharjah Emirate) is worth a visit, as is Fujairah. . . Perhaps one has to linger a bit to notice the differences, but there is immense beauty to be found in this country when one is prepared to look past the glitter of Dubai.
I hoped you'd say that – about Dubai at least. It did seem a bit too polished. Ras-al-Khaimah sounds interesting. Next time I'm on my way through, I'll head that way. Thanks!
Having lived in Abu Dhabi in my early teen years and having travelled a little around U.A.E., it has been with great pleasure that I have followed your blog where you have shared your more recent experiences in the country. Thank you! I wanted to let you know that I have nominated you for the Liebster blog award – http://wp.me/p3Nc97-e2 and I hope you accept the nomination.
How very kind of you Ahila. I feel honoured.
Hi Jolandi, Thanks for the likes and follow.
Hope to see more from middle east from you.
Hello, Jolandi, and thanks for visiting Still Life with Tortillas. You blog looks amazing and I look forward to reading more.
Thanks Cristin. That is very sweet of you.
Hi Jolandi, I was new to blogging last year and I guess I have explored hundreds of different blogs over the year – people who live in Spain, writers, photographers, foodies, book reviewers and some I struggle to define! That's a lot of reading. And you too have read my blog, in its first year, when I was finding my way. So as a big THANK YOU for your support, I'd like to nominate you for the Dragon's Loyalty Award.
Please accept this message as a gesture of gratitude, so if you don't want to follow the award's rules then that's fine too!
Many thanks, and Happy Blogging in 2014.
Thank you so much for this kind and generous gesture Sandra. It is much appreciated. You have a lovely blog. I thoroughly enjoy visiting your Spanish Valley.
Oh how lovely. Thank you Jadi!
We'll be in Dubai from late on 18 May until early evening 21 May. We booked a place through AirBnB and I think it's near the old town. Any chance of meeting?
Would love to. I've just sent you an e-mail.
Thanks, Nancy. That is very kind of you.
Thank you for visiting my blog! Your blog is fab and love your pics. I imagine you might know my sis Lynda (Longhorns and Camels?) Anyway…..look forward to reading more!
Hi Diana. Yes, I follow her blog. Seems that you two are living very interesting lives. I've never been to Italy, but absolutely love reading about it.
How sweet of you. I feel honoured. Thank you.
Hello blogger .Glad to connect here through Arabic dreaming blog . inspiring writing and great traveling. all the best with your travel and life journey through blogging and all.
Welcome . Planing to make AD bloggers and writers community .Looking Advice and suggestion from You ?.
I hope your itchy feet will take you to wonderful places, Mary. Mine hasn't taken me to Bali yet, but your blog may just inspire me to do so soon.
you should come, its a great place!
Thank you for stopping by my blog and for the like! Your blog looks great! Many places I hope to go to one day!
You are a wonderful writer and have traveled to so many places. How lovely that you are sharing your experiences! Have a lovely Sunday!
Thank you, Anne. Hope you are having a wonderful day too.
Please accept this nomination, go to the site below for details.
Thanks, Anne. That seems like fun.
Wow interesting travels! look forward to reading more!
And I am looking forward to trying some of your recipes. Yum!
Thank you, Winny. I love your quotes and beautiful photographs.
Thanks so much for stopping by my blog and the Like, Jolandi. I have traveled a lot in my life, and lived in different places, but nothing compare to your travels. I'm looking forward to reading more of your blog!
Good blog – look forward to reading more!
Thanks for your visit and liking one of my posts, Jolandi, in turn enabling my connect with the sweetly seasoned traveller that you are. My travels and outside assignments have taken me to places like Oman (lived and worked there for over ten years), UAE, Bahrain, Egypt (worked and lived in Alexandria for couple of years), Singapore, South Korea and Japan. Right now I am in Johannesburg, will be here till end October. What a lovely place. Look forward to staying connected and exchanging views…best wishes.. Raj.
How lovely it is when one's work takes one to far off places. I love to linger in a culture, and your life has certainly taken you to a variety of interesting countries. I am looking forward to reading more about all your adventures and insights. What a rich life you've lived. Enjoy Johannesburg, and the cold South African winter.
Thank-you so much for visiting my blog. I have been looking at a few of your posts this evening. You write so well and the photographs are very good – I will be back for more!
thank you very much for taking an interest in my blog and following, much appreciated.
here's to more happy travels and discoveries.
I am also looking forward to following your stories, Rosemary.
How wonderful. You were indeed lucky to have been able to work at your dream job. And what a creative way of earning a living at that.
My head is spinning looking at all the wonderful places you have been visiting. I have always been fascinated with Petra, though I have never been there. I love "Antiquity." I have been to Turkey, and explored Roman Britain. It would be wonderful to be free enough to travel like you. I cannot look at all you photos at once as it is overwhelming, so I shall stop by from time to time.
Thanks for visiting and following. I look forward to exploring your blog too!
Thank you, Terri. It will definitely take me quite a while to read through your life's adventures too. Happy travels.
Terrific thoughts, Jolandi. Am looking forward to checking out your blog.
I liked your blog. sometimes its good to take the break from work and do some adventures.
I absolutely love going on 'virtual' adventures. There are so many interesting people and places that I would never have ever seen or known–if not for the photos and stories.
I completely agree, Mary. The world is full of beautiful places, and people doing interesting things.
Excellent images. Your posts help us visit the world when we can't be there.
Thank you. That is why I love reading travel blogs, as it allows me to travel where I often know I will never go, or inspire me to add places to my ever-growing bucket list.
I realized you're near the place where I am haha! So let me know we can meet up in Coffee Architecture as per your post recently. 🙂 Cheers!
It would be lovely to meet up. I've sent you a private e-mail.


A learning environment can create community agency (analogous to individual agency) by mediating collaboration. My dissertation research focused on virtual world design principles which would support the sense of presence, conceptualized as the result of an ongoing collaborative action-based process, a contextualized human experience of collaborative learning activity that evolves over time.
Support collaborative awareness by supporting construction and maintenance of common ground with other collaborators through action and activity awareness (Carroll et al., 2003; Carroll et al., 2006).
Provide built-in tools for collaborative work.
Embody and sustain group activities and history with persistent objects (Robins, 2002).
Embed "group awareness widgets" (Kreijns et al., 2002) in collaborative tasks.
Integrate access to collaboration resources and collaborative tools (Huxor, 1999) with communication tools.
Provide support for "communication zones" (Nardi et al., 2000, p. 86).
To create the sense of collaborative agency, the role of the instructor is to set the "rules," model the norms, provide real possibility of group action through authentic group projects, ensure that teams negotiate team contracts, ensure that team grades have an individual performance component, create environment for generative dialogue, and provide tools for collaboration.
Carroll, J. M., Rosson, M. B., Convertino, G., & Ganoe, C. H. (2006). Awareness and teamwork in computer-supported collaborations. Interacting with Computers, 18(1), 21–46.
Cottone, P., & Mantovani, G. (2003). Grounding "subjective views:" situation awareness and co-reference in distance learning. In G. Riva, F. Davide & W. A. IJsselsteijn (Eds.), Being there: Concepts, effects and measurements of user presence in synthetic environments (Vol. 5, pp. 249–260). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: IOS Press.
Fabri, M., Moore, D., & Hobbs, D. (2004). Mediating the expression of emotion in educational collaborative virtual environments: An experimental study. Virtual Reality, 7, 66–81.
Kreijns, K., Kirschner, P. A., & Jochems, W. (2002). The sociability of computer-supported collaborative learning environments. Educational Technology and Society, 5(1).


text:
Macron 'furious' as own minister fails to confirm backing him for 2022 presidential bid
Posted on March 10, 2021 Comments Off on Macron 'furious' as own minister fails to confirm backing him for 2022 presidential bid
EU must 'rebuild joint security agenda' says Macron
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The French President, who ran as an independent in 2017 after resigning as a minister in the previous Socialist government, promised that as president he would be "neither of the left nor the right". Emmanuel Macron's allies say he is likely to campaign on a centre-right platform and law-and-order issues to counter Marine Le Pen's attacks on immigration, terrorism and waves of sometimes violent protests that have unsettled conservatives voters. But an unnamed minister has detailed problems between the President and his minister for Ecological Transition, Barbara Pompili.
An unnamed minister told Le Monde: "The problem is that she gives the impression of always wanting to put her convictions before government solidarity."
A member of the French National Assembly, Jean-Baptiste Moreau, has said there is a lack of "loyalty" from Barbara Pompili which reportedly have made Emmanuel Macron furious.
According to the daily, the Ecological Transition Minister allegedly "outraged" the French President by reluctantly saying she would support him in 2022.
It comes as Mr Macron is expected to beat far-right leader Marine Le Pen with a much smaller margin than in 2017 if the two fought a runoff in the next presidential election in May 2022, an opinion poll showed on Monday.
President Macron and Ms Le Pen would easily qualify for the runoff after picking up about 25 percent each in the first round scheduled for April 2022, far ahead of other rivals. Macron would go on to defeat Le Pen with 53 percent of the votes versus 47 percent, according to a Harris Interactive poll published by L'Opinion newspaper.
In the last presidential election, Mr Macron defeated his opponent with 66% of the vote, with most mainstream politicians from the left and the right urging voters to rally behind him to prevent the far right from gaining power.
The smaller margin 14 months before the election is a sign that Macron will struggle to attract left-leaning voters, after many were disappointed by his pro-business economic reforms and off-the-cuff remarks seen as condescending to the poor.
One minister said: "Centre-left voters are disappointed, that's for sure.
Macron: Expert discusses criticism against French President
"It's a concern for us and we need to think about how we talk to this part of the electorate."
President Macron's wife, Brigitte, has said re-election is "not his immediate concern".
The French President has not spoken to his wife, Brigitte, about whether he will run again in the 2022 election.
Mr Macron began his term in 2017 but numerous protests have threatened his chances of being reinstated.
Bitter EU plumbs new depths as sensational attack exposed [INSIGHT]
SNP launch plan to crash out of 'voluntary union' and rejoin EU [ANALYSIS]
Britain stepping up to lead fight for free and fair trade LIZ TRUSS [OPINION]
Asked whether the president plans to run again, Mrs Macron told TF1 last month: "I can guarantee you this is not his immediate concern.
"Having said that, he doesn't talk to me about it.
"We speak of the virus, we speak of the international situation.
"At the moment, his obsession and he did say it's an obsession, is to take out France at its best from this current situation."
Tagged ctp_video, emmanuel m, headlines
Boris Johnson considering four-week delay to ending lockdown restrictions
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White House won't consider another stimulus bill in May -Kudlow
WASHINGTON (Reuters) – The White House has halted talks with Congress over any further coronavirus stimulus package as it waits for more information about how U.S. state reopenings affect the economy, White House top economic adviser Larry Kudlow told reporters on Friday. The Senate and House of Representatives have already passed four major bills to […]
Police officer hailed for steering Capitol mob from Senate chamber
By Tom Hals (Reuters) – A police officer is being hailed for his role steering an angry mob away from the Senate chambers in Wednesday's deadly storming of the U.S. Capitol by supporters of President Donald Trump. Capitol Police officer Eugene Goodman, identified by CNN reporter Kristin Wilson, can be seen getting rioters to move […]
EU revenge: Bloc to ban UK scientists from space project – 'Never seen anything like this'
Biden's first 50 days: Where he stands on key promises
Dolphin splashes around with swimmers in 'once in a lifetime' moment
L'Oreal rallies as sales increase offsets China concerns
England's schools to get extra funds to help pupils catch up after lockdown
Afghanistan: CIA director secretly meets Taliban leader as Joe Biden mulls evacuation deadline
Australia court approves $10 billion Vodafone-TPG merger, overrules regulator
Google temporarily shutting down all China offices
Uber shares soar after CEO says enough cash to ride out coronavirus crisis
This is another News Portal > World News > Uber shares soar after CEO says enough cash to ride out coronavirus crisis

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
What to do with an apartment with only 2-pronged outlets
I just rented an apartment (Colorado, for what it's worth RE code) that has 2-pronged outlets throughout the place except for two GFCI's, one in the bathroom and one in the kitchen.
I bought the $.30 2->3 adapter and screwed that extension piece of metal into the faceplate, and then used a cheap 'tester' to see how the outlet was wired (it has 3 lights, and they come up in combinations to indicate no ground, no hot, no neutral, etc). Each outlet I tested was 'no ground', so the boxes themselves aren't actually grounded.
I asked the landlord about this and they said 'we asked at Home Depot, and they said it's no big deal, just use a surge protector'. I don't know much about wiring/circuits etc, but this seems like shady advice given the landlord's interest to not rewire. I am a professional programmer owning a good amount of expensive hardware that 'asks' for 3-prong outlets to be used when plugging it in.
My question: What are the potential hazards (to myself and my equipment) of using a 'falsely' grounded 3-prong plug with my equipment? Is this something I should press the landlord on for code issues? (It may have been grandfathered in, the building is old but was recently redone).
Thanks for any input and advice.
electrical safety wiring outlets
Niall C.♦
Alex McpAlex Mcp
This answer might be helpful. – Tester101 May 9 '13 at 14:03
My primary concern would be for your safety with the circuits with GFCIs. I find it hard to believe that just those two circuits would have been upgraded to grounded cable in a remodel, and I can't see any way that a GFCI could work with ungrounded cable. Test that the GFCIs work correctly on their own. Does your receptacle tester also have a GFCI test function? If so, use it on the GFCIs too.
It's OK to have two-prong outlets if they're not grounded: see this answer to this earlier question for more information, but a surge protector simply prevents sudden changes in supply voltage from reaching the equipment it's protecting, be it on live, neutral or ground; it doesn't do anything to provide a good, stable, ground level where one didn't previously exist.
Electronic equipment often likes to have a stable ground level as a reference point. Under normal circumstances, the ground conductor in NM cable doesn't carry any current, so it's all at the same electrical potential as the ground spike outside your building. Without that stable level, a piece of equipment's internal "ground" can vary. This usually isn't a problem internally within a single piece of equipment, but can cause problems if electrical signals are shared between two pieces of equipment: mains hum in hi-fi systems would be one example of this. You can mitigate the effects by keeping related equipment close together to minimize the amount of electrical wire between them (like plugging them into the same duplex receptacle) but, depending on exactly what equipment you have, you may still run into problems.
As far as code compliance, permit applications and inspection results may be a matter of public record (they are in my locale), so you could do some research into what was done during this remodel.
Niall C.♦Niall C.
GFCI works without ungrounded cable because its purpose is to interrupt a ground fault by opening the circuit, not to ground power. It measures flow in and out, and when the delta exceeds a limit, it opens the circuit to stop the flow of current entirely. The assumption is that the missing current was diverted across your heart, and you'd appreciate living another day. – Jeremy W. Sherman May 15 '12 at 23:35
Seconding @JeremyW.Sherman , GFCI does not require grounding, although they are supposed to have a label reading "No Equipment Ground." – Craig Dec 7 '14 at 23:28
@JeremyW.Sherman did you mean "GFCI works without grounded cable"? – ijoseph Aug 25 '18 at 21:37
@ljoseph: Yeah, pretty sure I hesitated between "with ungrounded" and "without grounded" and wound up botching it. GFCI will work, ground or not. – Jeremy W. Sherman Aug 28 '18 at 13:25
I'm not a professional electrician and won't ever argue that the third wire is useless or anything like that, but where I live two-pronged outlets are the only choice in houses built before perhaps 1980 and I've been living in such house for many years and I know dozens of people who have been living in such houses too and I've never heard any equipment ever died specifically because of using a two-pronged outlet. Don't forget mind that when something breaks the owner brings that unit to a service shop and the service shop would be glad to say "oh, you used a two-pronged outlet, that voids warranty, goodbye" yet that never happens.
Your primary concern should be your own safety - like if insulation gets damaged somewhere and you hold the damaged unit with one hand and touch a steel water pipe with another.
sharptoothsharptooth
Actually, according to my older brother (late 50s), when something breaks these days you 'darn' it, which means holding it over the trash can, regretfully saying "Darn!" then letting go. This costs less than the fuel to get to the "repair shop" if you can even find one. I see lots of closed electronics repair shops. Even the local Radio Shack went away. Darn! – user50401 May 6 '16 at 1:33
@nocomprende Not while the warranty is still in effect. – sharptooth May 6 '16 at 6:59
There is probably no danger to your equipment, but there is serious personal danger. Without a separate path to ground (the third prong), any equipment malfunction that causes the frame or chassis of the equipment to become energized (live) may represent a lethal shock hazard to anyone who touches the unit. This current leakage may not be enough to trip a breaker, and it may only give you a "tickle" when you touch the equipment when you are dry, wearing rubber-soled shoes, and standing on wood. But touch the same equipment when you just got out of the shower and are in your bare feet, and you could become a statistic.
A surge protector has nothing to do with grounding. It merely clamps the line voltage if it rises above a preset level because of power company problems or a lightning strike. You should always have surge protection on all sensitive electronic equipment, such as computers, TVs, etc.
Max BucksMax Bucks
That's partly true. In order to be shocked one has to become a conductor between a unit and something grounded. So if you just stand on dry floor and don't touch anything like a water pipe you'll not be shocked most of the times. This explains how people live dozens of years in houses with two-pronged outlets and never get shocked (see my answer for the background). – sharptooth Feb 7 '11 at 8:04
Put another way: a surge protector will protect your devices from damage and malfunction. It will not protect you – this is the job of grounding and GFIs. – user149408 Apr 8 '16 at 7:47
Much consumer equipment is plastic-cased with no exposed metal these days for this reason. In a wall switch, only the screws holding the cover plates are grounded (or not) and you can use plastic screws for this if you wish. – user50401 May 6 '16 at 1:30
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text:
We Joined The Navy (1962)
We Joined the Navy is a 1962 British comedy film directed by Wendy Toye and starring Kenneth More, Lloyd Nolan, Joan O'Brien, Derek Fowlds, Graham Crowden, Esma Cannon and John Le Mesurier.
Produced by Daniel M. Angel, it was based on the 1959 novel of the same name by John Winton a former Royal Navy lieutenant commander.
Also known as We Are in the Navy Now (TV title, US).
Lieutenant Commander Robert Badger is an excellent naval officer with one major problem. He speaks the truth at the most inopportune times that lead him to being transferred from ship, to shore, and then to instruct at the Royal Naval College. When his remarks are repeated by one of his students to his father, an anti-military Member of Parliament he has one last chance. He and three problem midshipmen are sent as exchange officers to the flagship of the United States Sixth Fleet. Their antics set back Anglo-American relations until they go ashore to a nation in a midst of a revolution.
Kenneth More as Lieutenant Commander Robert Badger.
Lloyd Nolan as Vice Admiral Ryan.
Joan O'Brien as Lieutenant Carol Blair.
Mischa Auer as Colonel & President.
Jeremy Lloyd as Dewberry Jr.
Dinsdale Landen as Bowles.
Derek Fowlds as Carson.
Denise Warren as Collette.
John Le Mesurier as George Dewberry Sr.
Lally Bowers as Cynthia Dewberry, his wife.
Laurence Naismith as Admiral Blake.
Andrew Cruickshank as Admiral Filmer.
Walter Fitzgerald as Admiral Thomas.
John Phillips as Rear Admiral.
Ronald Leigh-Hunt as Commander Royal Navy.
Arthur Lovegrove as Chief Petty Officer Froud.
Brian Wilde as Petty Officer Gibbons.
David Warner as Sailor Painting Ship.
John Barrard as Consul.
Esma Cannon as Consul's Wife.
Sean Kelly as Sinjett.
Marie France as Francoise.
Alexis Kanner as Gerrit.
Warren Mitchell as 'Honest' Marcel.
Kenneth Griffith as Orator.
Neil McCarthy as the Sergeant.
Tutte Lemkow as the Corporal.
Dirk Bogarde as Dr Simon Sparrow.
Sid James as Dance Instructor.
Michael Bentine as Psychologist.
Graham Crowden as Naval Officer.
Guy Standeven as American Naval Officer.
Andrew Sachs as US Seaman.
Rodney Bewes as Recruitment interviewee.
Richard Vernon as Government Official.
Wanda Ventham as Dartmouth Girl.
A Region 2 DVD of We Joined the Navy was released by Network on 16 February 2015. The disc features a 2.35:1 anamorphic transfer.
The film was shot on location in Villefranche-sur-Mer, near Nice and Monaco, on board the Royal Naval College, Dartmouth, and USS Springfield as well as ABPC Elstree Studios.
The film's sets were designed by the art director John Howell.
It was shot in CinemaScope by cinematographer Otto Heller.
Wendy Toye.
Daniel M. Angel … producer.
Vivian Cox … associate producer (as Vivian A. Cox).
Howard Dimsdale … (screenplay by) (originally as Arthur Dales).
John Winton … (based on the novel by).
Ron Grainer.
Otto Heller … director of photography.
Richard Best.
Associated British Picture Corporation (ABPC) (presents) (as Associated British Pictures Corporation Limited).
Angel Productions (as A Daniel M. Angel Production).
Warner-Pathé Distributors (1962) (UK) (theatrical) (released through) (as Warner-Pathe Distributors Ltd).
Kontinental-Film (1963) (Norway) (theatrical).
Warner Bros. Television (1965) (USA) (TV).
Network Distributing (2015) (UK) (DVD).
Release Date: 22 November 1962.
Running Time: 105 minutes.
Rating: PG.
Film Comedy, Military Film, Romance, Royal Navy
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