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Home / Articles / Features / Diplomat Profile: Benito Wheatley and the challenges for BVI diplomacy
Diplomat Profile: Benito Wheatley and the challenges for BVI diplomacy
Benito Wheatley and the challenges for BVI diplomacy
October 1, 2015 marks one year since Eliezer "Benito" Wheatley took the helm at the British Virgin Islands (BVI) London Office. The representative office is the BVI's official mission to the UK and European Union. Over the course of the past 12 months, Wheatley has provided high-level diplomatic support to his government, while at the same time managing the office's day-to-day operations.
Wheatley currently serves as the BVI's UK and EU Representative managing the territory's interests before UK and EU stakeholders. He is also the Director of the BVI London Office and is responsible for the office's operations. The 38-year-old representative says his training and experience has prepared him for the job as the BVI's top diplomat at its flagship mission abroad. Prior to his appointment as Director, he was the office's Deputy Director and Political Officer. He was recruited in 2011 to provide former Director Kedrick Malone with support in defending the BVI's position in Europe in the aftermath of the global financial crisis when the jurisdiction and other small international financial centres came under international scrutiny. "It was thought that my background knowledge and professional experience in international relations, political economy and regulatory policy would very helpful to government efforts at the time," says Wheatley.
Prior to joining the BVI London Office, Wheatley was an analyst at the International Affairs and Services Department at the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) in Washington, DC, which regulates the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ among others, and had first-hand experience of the global financial crisis when the financial meltdown occurred in the US. However, even before joining FINRA he was active in international affairs, as an alumnus of the London School of Economics and Political Science where he earned a MSc in International Strategy and Diplomacy from the LSE Ideas programme. He is also a member of the International Institute for Strategic Studies.
Alongside his diplomatic responsibilities, Wheatley says of his task of running the mission that "we have many of the same responsibilities of small embassies and high commissions in London. These include consular duties involving our citizens and students in the UK, as well as dealing with prospective visitors to the territory. We also perform a number of other functions that include trade and investment promotion and cultural exchange."
He is also responsible for the management of BVI House in Mayfair where they are located. The building houses commercial tenants and the BVI's UK offices of the Virgin Islands' Shipping Registry and BVI Tourist Board.
Wheatley says that over the past 12 months the office has narrowed its strategic focus, with a particular concentration on financial services. The BVI remains engaged with international partners as the landscape of the global regulatory environment continues to change. "The BVI's continued success as an international financial centre depends on maintaining our international reputation as a well regulated and efficient jurisdiction. My job is to ensure that key UK stakeholders are aware of the high international standards of regulation that the BVI continues to meet, and to dispel any myths about our business model."
In this regard, he notes that the BVI has been rated by the OECD Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes as largely compliant under the peer review process and is signed up to the Convention on Mutual Administrative Assistance in Tax Matters, as well as FATCA agreements with the US and UK. The BVI is also a party to 27 Tax and Information Exchange Agreements with OECD and non-OECD countries and is a member of the Early Adopters group that has committed to the early adoption of the OECD's new Common Reporting Standard for the automatic exchange of information between tax authorities.
However, the BVI London Office has also been pursuing a number of sustainable development objectives for which it is providing critical international support. This work is being taken forward multilaterally in areas such as renewable energy, climate change and marine biodiversity in partnership with other members of the Overseas Countries and Territories Association (OCTA) in Brussels and the UK Overseas Territories Association in London.
The diplomatic highlight of the past 12 months was the BVI Government's hosting of a week of regional and international meetings on sustainable development in the BVI in February, in which Wheatley and the BVI London Office played a prominent role. The meetings organised by the EU included CARIFORUM, the UK, France, the Netherlands, Denmark, Overseas Countries and Territories (OCTs) and other sustainable development partners.
Wheatley was instrumental in securing the BVI's position as host country and co-chair of a regional conference on cooperation in the Caribbean alongside the EU. In the run-up to the meetings, he was the lead OCT Sherpa for the 13th OCT-EU Forum and the OCTA Ministerial Conference Chaired by Premier Dr the Honourable D. Orlando Smith, OBE, which also took place in the BVI. His political engagement with the European Commission throughout the preparatory process was essential to securing the participation at the forum of European Commissioner for International Cooperation and Development Mr Neven Mimica.
These accomplishments have built up Wheatley's momentum going forward. He knows the work of a Representative at a small mission is challenging, particularly since the BVI London Office remains a strategic point of contact between BVI and the rest of the world. Nonetheless, he believes it will continue to be successful with the support of the office's excellent staff, who are committed to advancing the BVI's interests internationally.
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Thread: A way to get 2 WebUI running on the same windows machine ?
I have already an almost out of the box of shinken and a webui2 running on a windows server.
Everything is running fine, except that i am suspecting shinken not being able to cope with all the amount of processes that i am asking it to check. The result being the checks stopping to be done (i can see some logs not being verified since 1d, etc... even after forcing a check).
Anyways i decided to install a second instance dedicated to our UAT environments on the same windows server.
After tweaking a bit the basic configurations to ensure the various services are running on dedicated ports, I still cannot access the webui. It looks like the webservice is not available at this specific port, although i made sure to change all the configs to either replace the default, or the forced 7767 with 7787.
All the services (arbiter, broker, receiver, scheduler, Poller and reactionner) are up and running, and i cannot find any relevant error in the various logs.
is there something that i am missing, or is there an impossibility to have 2 instances running on the same machine ?


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Q: Validate null columns values in a select statement in BigQuery I'm trying to make a select to a bigquery table, but I need to assign a default value to a column if it is null, because next in the process I need the default or the real item_id value, I was trying to use the CASE validation but I'm not pretty sure if I can use this clause for this purpose, and I'm getting the next error:
Expected end of input but got keyword case.

Select
p.item_id CASE WHEN item_id IS NULL THEN 'XXXXX' ELSE item_id END AS item_id,
from items
where -- rest of the query

Any ideas?

A: Use
isnull(yourcolumn,'')
--or
isnull(yourcolumn,99999999)

and you can put anything between those quotes. If the value is an int that won't work though. You will need to make it some default number, preferably something that would never be used like 9999999999.

A: try this
Select
IFNULL(p.item_id,'XXXXX') AS item_id,
from items
where -- rest of the query

IFNULL() function in BigQuery
IFNULL(expr, null_result)

Description
If expr is NULL, return null_result. Otherwise, return expr. If expr is not NULL, null_result is not evaluated.
expr and null_result can be any type and must be implicitly coercible to a common supertype. Synonym for COALESCE(expr, null_result).
more details: https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#ifnull

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Databases msdb OriginOfSpecies ( stats) orderby ordinal page 4
OriginOfSpecies - 475 Rows
Column Type #Values
id int(11) 475
subject varchar(80) 14
title varchar(250) 139
ordinal int(11) 30
description text 474
475 rows, page 4 of 119 (4/p)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 100 119
select * from OriginOfSpecies order by ordinal limit 12, 4 (Page 4: Row)
04 - Natural Selection 04-04 - Its Power at All Ages and on Both Sexes 10 As we see that those variations which, under domestication, appear at any particular period of life, tend to reappear in the offspring at the same period;- for instance, in the shape, size, and flavour of the seeds of the many varieties of our culinary and agricultural plants; in the caterpillar and cocoon stages of the varieties of the silk-worm; in the eggs of poultry, and in the colour of the down of their chickens; in the horns of our sheep and cattle when nearly adult;- so in a state of nature natural selection will be enabled to act on and modify organic beings at any age, by the accumulation of variations profitable at that age, and by their inheritance at a corresponding age.
If it profit a plant to have its seeds more and more widely disseminated by the wind, I can see no greater difficulty in this being effected through natural selection, than in the cotton-planter increasing and improving by selection the down in the pods on his cotton-trees.
Natural selection may modify and adapt the larva of an insect to a score of contingencies, wholly different from those which concern the mature insect; and these modifications may affect, through correlation, the structure of the adult.
So, conversely, modifications in the adult may affect the structure of the larva; but in all cases natural selection will ensure that they shall not be injurious: for if they were so, the species would become extinct.
02 - Variations Under Nature 02-01 - Variability 10 BEFORE applying the principles arrived at in the last chapter to organic beings in a state of nature, we must briefly discuss whether these latter are subject to any variation.
To treat this subject properly, a long catalogue of dry facts ought to be given; but these shall reserve for a future work.
Nor shall I here discuss the various definitions which have been given of the term species.
No one definition has satisfied all naturalists; yet every naturalist knows vaguely what he means when he speaks of a species.
Generally the term includes the unknown element of a distant act of creation. The term "variety" is almost equally difficult to define; but here community of descent is almost universally implied, though it can rarely be proved.
We have also what are called monstrosities; but they graduate into varieties.
By a monstrosity I presume is meant some considerable deviation of structure, generally injurious, or not useful to the species.
Some authors use the term "variation" in a technical sense, as implying a modification directly due to the physical conditions of life; and "variations" in this sense are supposed not to be inherited; but who can say that the dwarfed condition of shells in the brackish waters of the Baltic, or dwarfed plants on Alpine summits, or the thicker fur of an animal from far northwards, would not in some cases be inherited for at least a few generations?
And in this case I presume that the form would be called a variety.
03 - Struggle for Existence 03-07 - Effects of Climate 10 Climate plays an important part in determining the average number of a species, and periodical seasons of extreme cold or drought seem to be the most effective of all checks.
I estimated (chiefly from the greatly reduced numbers of nests in the spring) that the winter of 1854-5 destroyed four-fifths of the birds in my own grounds; and this is a tremendous destruction, when we remember that ten per cent is an extraordinarily severe mortality from epidemics with man.
The action of climate seems at first sight to be quite independent of the struggle for existence; but in so far as climate chiefly acts in reducing food, it brings on the most severe struggle between the individuals, whether of the same or of distinct species, which subsist on the same kind of food.
Even when climate, for instance, extreme cold, acts directly, it will be the least vigorous individuals, or those which have got least food through the advancing winter, which will suffer most.
When we travel from south to north, or from a damp region to a dry, we invariably see some species gradually getting rarer and rarer, and finally disappearing; and the change of climate being conspicuous, we are tempted to attribute the whole effect to its direct action.
But this is a false view; we forget that each species, even where it most abounds, is constantly suffering enormous destruction at some period of its life, from enemies or from competitors for the same place and food; and if these enemies or competitors be in the least degree favoured by any slight change of climate, they will increase in numbers; and as each area is already fully stocked with
inhabitants, the other species must decrease.
When we travel southward and see a species decreasing in numbers, we may feel sure that the cause lies quite as much in other species being favoured, as in this one being hurt.
So it is when we travel northward, but in a somewhat lesser degree, for the number of species of all kinds, and therefore of competitors, decreases northwards; hence in going northwards, or in ascending a mountain, we far oftener meet with stunted forms, due to the directly injurious action of climate, than we do in proceeding southwards or in descending a mountain.
When we reach the arctic regions, or snowcapped summits, or absolute deserts, the struggle for life is almost exclusively with the elements.
02 - Variations Under Nature 02-02 - Individual Differences 10 The many slight differences which appear in the offspring from the same parents, or which it may be presumed have thus arisen, from being observed in the individuals of the same species inhabiting the same confined locality, may be called individual differences.
No one supposes that all the individuals of the same species are cast in the same actual mould.
These individual differences are of the highest importance for us, for they are often inherited, as must be familiar to every one; and they thus afford materials for natural selection to act on and accumulate, in the same manner as man accumulates in any given direction individual differences in his domesticated productions.
These individual differences generally affect what naturalists consider unimportant parts; but I could show by a long catalogue of facts, that parts which must be called important, whether viewed under a physiological or classificatory point of view, sometimes vary in the individuals of the same species.
I am convinced that the most experienced naturalist would be surprised at the number of the cases of variability, even in important parts of structure, which he could collect on good authority, as I have collected, during a course of years.
It should be remembered that systematists are far from being pleased at finding variability in important characters, and that there are not many men who will laboriously examine internal and important organs, and compare them in many specimens of the same species.
It would never have been expected that the branching of the main nerves close to the great central ganglion of an insect would have been variable in the same species; it might have been thought that changes of this nature could have been effected only by slow degrees; yet Sir J. Lubbock has shown a degree of variability in these main nerves in Coccus, which may almost be compared to the irregular branching of a stem of a tree.
This philosophical naturalist, I may add, has also shown that the muscles in the larvae of certain insects are far from uniform.
Authors sometimes argue in a circle when they state that important organs never vary; for these same authors practically rank those parts as important (as some few naturalists have honestly confessed) which do not vary; and, under this point of view, no instance will ever be found of an important part varying; but under any other point of view many instances assuredly can be given.
There is one point connected with individual differences, which is extremely perplexing: I refer to those genera which have been called "protean" or "Polymorphic", in which the species present an inordinate amount of variation.
With respect to many of these forms, hardly two naturalists agree whether to rank them as species or as varieties.
We may instance Rubus, Rosa, and Hieracium amongst plants, several genera of and of brachiopod shells.
sunflower (Hieracium)
In most polymorphic genera some of the species have fixed and definite characters.
Genera which are polymorphic in one country seem to be, with a few exceptions, polymorphic in other countries, and likewise, judging from brachiopod shells, at former periods of time.
Brachiopod Shells
These facts are very perplexing, for they seem to show that this kind of variability is independent of the conditions of life.
I am inclined to suspect that we see, at least in some of these polymorphic genera, variations which are of no service or disservice to the species, and which consequently have not been seized on and rendered definite by natural selection as hereafter to be explained.
© Copyright Ohad Aloni. 2018. All Rights Reserved.
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text:
What's going on at AXIOM...
Gribbins Insulation Continues its Growth with the Addition of Carol L. Smith as Office Administrator
News - Jul 18, 2019
Evansville, Indiana – The Calvert City, Kentucky, branch office of Gribbins Insulation has added Carol L. Smith as Office Administrator. Her duties encompass accounting, business, inventory management, and purchasing responsibilities. A graduate of Shawnee Community College in Ullin, Illinois, Smith holds a degree in Applied Science and Business. She brings 20 years of corporate experience…
Safety Coordinator, Gary Plummer, Added to Gribbins Insulation Team
Clients' News & Events - Jul 16, 2019
Evansville, Indiana – Gary Plummer joined Gribbins Insulation in May 2019 as Safety Coordinator. Based at the company's Robinson, Illinois office, Mr. Plummer executes the Gribbins safety program and works directly with the company's skilled workforce to eliminate hazards and risk. As an OSHA 10 and OSHA 30 instructor, Plummer proudly acknowledges Gribbins is…
Jagoe Homes Earns Lifetime Achievement Award for Exceptional Service
Clients' News & Events - May 30, 2019
OWENSBORO, Ky.—Premier builder, Jagoe Homes, announces its prestigious selection as a Foundation Builder in the 2018 Annual Builder Achievement Awards Program. The distinction is affiliated with the 2-10 Home Buyers Warranty (2-10 HBW). The Foundation Builder Award from 2-10 HBW is a lifetime achievement honor presented to builders exhibiting a long-standing tradition of providing exceptional…
Jagoe Homes Awarded Platinum Status for Builder Achievement
OWENSBORO, Ky.—Respected builder, Jagoe Homes, announces its recognition as Platinum Builder, a stellar designation affiliated with the 2018 Annual Builder Achievement Awards Program. The distinction is in association with the 2-10 Home Buyers Warranty (2-10 HBW). The Builder Achievement Awards Program from 2-10 HBW annually honors outstanding performance in the home building industry. Each year,…
Mesker Park Zoo & Botanic Garden to Host Ribbon Cutting Ceremony
WHO: Evansville's Mesker Park Zoo & Botanic Garden, Mayor Lloyd Winnecke, Evansville Zoological Society, Evansville Convention & Visitors Bureau, and Southwest Indiana Chamber. WHAT: Mesker Park Zoo & Botanic Garden opens its new animal habitat, the Budgie Walkabout, with a ribbon cutting ceremony in partnership with the City of Evansville's Mayor Lloyd Winnecke; Evansville…
Clients' News & Events
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It was an empire. If you wanted to sell a car, then Autotrader was the place. Dealers paid huge monthly payments, and AutoTrader took home giant profits.
When Trade Me entered the market AutoTrader was unable or unwilling to react online – their online offering was appalling. Inside Trade Me we used to say we were blessed with incompetent competition.
Now, sadly, the AutoTrader print publication has ceased to exist, and that online market opportunity is long gone. If you want to buy or sell a used car in New Zealand, then the market is on Trade Me.
It's a great lesson to incumbants across all industries – when discontinuities happen you must change or risk losing everything. AutoTrader should have known this lesson – after all they were the change that the previous marketplaces had failed to react to.
Change can mean serious revenue loss, at least in the short term, but at risk is the loss of everything.
This could be bad news for TradeMe.
The departure of an incompetent competitor could pave the way for a new competent competitor. (What a tongue-twister of a sentence.) A well-run pure-play online car trader website linked to decent editorial could probably turn a healthy profit with just 20 percent of the total car trading revenue.
Reports of AutoTrader's death are exaggerated. There is still a print publication, but as you'd expect there is seemingly more emphasis on the online, which suits me just fine.
I have recently had the need to use Auto Trader to find a new or near-new car, and found a pretty impressive "New" section; way better than what TradeMe has.
It has a really slick interface (using Silverlight). You can drag and drop vehicles within the range of what you are looking for, then get reviews, online valuations (on my old car for trade-in), book a test drive etc. I can also see other 'near new' (mostly demonstrators) for sale from within the same section.
Frankly, I'm a bit 'over' TradeMe with their steep fees and inflexibility so I welcome some vertical market competition.


Originality can be difficult to find in today's increasingly diverse music industry. It sometimes could seem that every nook and cranny of musical expression may have finally been explored; a quick look to the young Grand Rapids, Michigan, trio Hi-ker will make you reconsider that thought. Adopting a sound most closely aligned with the disjointed stylings of Animal Collective, the synth-pop group explored their sonic abilities on 2016's "Weird Plastic." Currently prepping to release their follow-up album "Lippe," Marquette Radio got a chance to sit down with the guys this past weekend at the 2017 Audiotree Music Festival. Check out the video to learn about their least favorite Tom Hanks movie, their thoughts on the art of sandwich-making and more.


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Q: Python, Pick numbers, with a given total sum [[-1, 2, 3], [4, 2, 1], [-2, 6, 4]]
For example I have this two dimensional array, and I need to pick the combination of numbers (one from each sublist) that in total give some number, let's say -1, so the right numbers will be -1 from the first, 2 from the second and -2 from the third. What is the fastest and easiest way to do it?

A: The easiest way would be to use itertools.product but that's not the fastest (it is simple brute force over all possible combinations):
from itertools import product

numbers = [[-1, 2, 3], [4, 2, 1], [-2, 6, 4]]

print(*(p for p in product(*numbers) if sum(p) == -1))
# (-1, 2, -2)

print(*(p for p in product(*numbers) if sum(p) == 7))
# (-1, 4, 4) (-1, 2, 6) (2, 1, 4)

Getting something faster will require diving into recursion and dynamic programming which will no longer be the simplest way (there's always a trade off)


text:
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o ahead and play in the rain with a Gree Coleman Rain Suit 20MM PVC Adult Large. The durable 20-mm PVC rain gear construction is 100% waterproof. Added protection like heat-welded seams and a center front zipper with storm flap prevents the water from creeping in, keeping you dry and cozy. From camping and fishing to working in the yard, you don't need to let the rain delay your favorite activities. This waterproof rain suit is as comfortable as it is effective, with built-in vents to keep the air moving and adjustable hood, arm and leg cuffs to help you find a snug and secure fit. Store your Coleman rain gear neatly in the compact, reusable storage bag.


All Photos in this post belong to NHYM Copyright 2015.
As always, October is a mad rush of art-in-the-city, where everyone in the art world congregates in London to the Frieze or has an event in parallel with the Frieze Art Fair. Right now, there is PAD, Frieze, Frieze Masters, and a ton of exhibits around the city. Considering I am very time-poor at the moment, I had to decide on a single event, which was the opening preview night of the Frieze, giving me a taste of what is currently going on in the Art world.
Oftentimes, modern and contemporary art can be a little bit 'The Emperor's New Clothes,' in that you can see a work of art and even though everyone else gushes and praises it, you feel a little like 'Uhm, what?' This year, I felt that there was more accessible art than in the past years, especially in Rows A-C of the fair (which tends to be the most well known galleries), whereas once you go to the F,G,H, it gets a little too abstract and conceptual for me.
Oil and Acrylic on Canvas. NHYM 2015.
Another artist I quite enjoyed, Secundino Hernandez. Going back to basics, some artists are going back to what we, the mainstream, are comfortable with.
Charcoal on Canvas. NHYM 2015.
Mr. X's lust-piece was this charcoal drawing on canvas. It really looked like a photograph. Quiet in the middle of Frieze-mania.
Warhol-esque Marilyn Monroe – NHYM 2015.
Colourful Rothko-inspired art. NHYM 2015. Or is it a Rothko?
Jeff Koons Inspired Inflatable Cartoon. NHYM 2015.
This naked lady was impressive. She never blinked. Until I realised that she was a sculpture and not a real woman.
Real life-sized dolls. Frieze. NHYM 2015.
Just weird. Not sure what it is or what it represents. Don't want that in my living room.
I think this gallery won a Gold Prize for something. Not sure what it is. Definitely an 'Emperor's New Clothes' moment for me.
Sound installation inside a model replica of the Frieze Fair. Music made at frequencies for foxes to hear. Frieze 2015. NHYM.
I've had my dose of modern art for a while, but it was entertaining, interesting, and brain-bending.


text:
Q: Getting bytes/sec on a Guzzle transfer Is it possible to calculate the bytes/sec on GET requests created by Guzzle 4 or 5?
If so, how is this done?

A: To answer your question, yes it is possible to calculate the data rate.
Assuming the usage of Guzzle 5, and from the Guzzle Documentation on Events on the ProgressEvent:

You can access the emitted progress values using the corresponding
public properties of the event object:
$downloadSize: The number of bytes that will be downloaded (if known)
$downloaded: The number of bytes that have been downloaded
$uploadSize: The number of bytes that will be uploaded (if known)
$uploaded: The number of bytes that have been uploaded

In theory using an EventSubscriber (neat, tidy and recommended) or by passing closures to the event emitter (not so neat) is:

*

*Start a timer on the BeforeEvent

*Use the timer value and the ProgressEvent::downloaded to calculate a data rate.

*Stop the timer within the CompleteEvent


This stunning winter fashion muffler is made with 100% pure pashmina wool.
Made in India by traditional artisans of Kashmir.
This stunning muffler is made with 100% pure pashmina wool, the soft embrace of this beautiful woven muffler will add colour and glamour to your winter closet, keeping you comfortable & warm at the same time. Tie in a French knot or a classic loop. Perfect gift for any occasion.


Commercial property consultancy Lambert Smith Hampton has launched an online auction website as it pushes ahead with a digital transformation drive.
Developed in-house with the support of a third-party developer, the 574 platform is being positioned as an online brand that allows people to buy and sell property quickly, flexibly and securely.
It sports an eBay-style selling format, with potential buyers going through a vetting process. Once approved, they can place a bid for any property during the day of sale.
While LHS is focusing on the UK property market right now, it said people from anywhere in the world can buy properties using the platform.
During two years of testing, the firm said it sold more than 60 properties on behalf of clients through the website. Prices reached an average 18% premium above expected levels on many of these sales, with properties varying from £20,000 to £11m.
Other statistics include 5,000 global online bids; 100,000 active investors; and a 96% success rate for commercial auctions.
The platform has experienced uptake among a range of private and public organisations, one of which being the Ministry of Defence.
The launch of 574 comes at a time when LSH is increasingly shifting to a technology-focused way of working and selling.
In August 2018, following the departure of its auction team headed by Oliver Childs to join BidX1, another online auction house, LSH announced plans to stop traditional ballroom auctions and develop its own digital offering. The firm told PlaceTech that it has "taken the plunge to solely focus online".
With a new online auction team and platform in place, LSH said it is looking to "achieve a more immediate, accessible and simplified channel for sellers and buyers to transact".
The 574 division of LSH is run by a seven-person team: Kate Babbage, Emmanuel Alade, Max Mason, Ezra Nahome, Jeremy Green, Izzy Watterson and Tom Moreton.


text:
Category: John McNaugher
"To begin with, it should be realized that present usage as regards the debated terms plays no part in fixing their sense. One can be misled by the seemingly familiar phraseology, and think forthwith of the hard and fast distinction now made between Psalms and hymns. But we are deciphering what was penned in AD 61 or 62, long centuries before any of the uninspired productions in the hymnals of today were extant. In order, therefore, to make these lines intelligible, we must transport ourselves back into that past to which Paul and his readers belong, and there undertake our exposition with open-mindedness and cautious discrimination.
As an approach toward identifying the poems intended by these designations, there is clear evidence at hand that all of them were divinely inspired, indited under the extraordinary influence of the Holy Spirit. Preliminary to what is deemed decisive proof, certain considerations which go to make this important claim a strong probability may be adduced.
1. First, in these verses the direction given is not to prepare or provide songs of praise, but only to sing them. On this we must be permitted to insist. But in the absence of an express warrant for so doing, would not these Asia Minor Christians have been chary about writing original hymns for rendition in worship, when the Psalter, written on the mountain-tops of inspiration, and full of the things of God, was everywhere, as is allowed, a congregational handbook? Is it likely that any, selfadvised and unaided, would have had the temerity or the desire to attempt such an innovation?"
From The Psalms in Worship, p129-130. by John Mcnaugher.
A SPECIAL EXEGESIS OF COL. III. 16 AND EPH. V.19, by John Mcnaugher, D. D., LL. D., Allegheny, PA
Author markkollerPosted on January 23, 2019 Categories John McNaugher, UncategorizedTags Col 3:16, Eph 5:19, Exclusive PsalmodyLeave a comment on [On Col. 3:16 and Eph. 5:19] "in these verses the direction given is not to prepare or provide songs of praise, but only to sing them."
Exclusive Psalmody Create a free website or blog at WordPress.com.


There are many ways for individuals and organizations to support the sight-saving mission of the Rocky Mountain Lions Eye Bank.
Sign up to be a donor!
Anyone can sign up to be an eye, organ and tissue donor. Click here to learn more and to sign up on your state registry.
We've partnered with The Conversation Project to bring you resources to not only talk about eye, organ and tissue donation, but all your end-of-life wishes. Talking with your loved ones openly and honestly, before a medical crisis happens, gives everyone a shared understanding about what matters most to you at the end of life. Click here for your starter kit.
The eye bank has multiple volunteer opportunities throughout the year. Contact us to get on our notification list for new opportunities to work with us. For donor families and transplant recipients, we recommend this special, online training on how to tell your donation or transplant story. Click here for the free Stories and Transformation online workshop (To listen to the presentation on your smartphone, download the appropriate Prezi app here).
If you or your organization would like to offer a cash contribution, simply make your check payable to the Rocky Mountain Lions Eye Bank and mail it to 1675 Aurora Court, Mail Stop F751, Aurora, CO 80045. You can give online through the "Give Now" button below or call us at 720-848-3936 to donate by phone.
Please speak with your financial advisor, attorney, or estate planning professional for details.
Sight Saver members are individuals who have made a one-time contribution of $120 or more OR have fulfilled a pledge of $10/month or more for a fiscal year. Contributions made by individuals are the largest source of fundraising revenue at RMLEB. Many find personal fulfillment in supporting the eye bank's sight-restoring mission outside of their club's contributions. Members are able to proudly display support with a commemorative pin (pictured to the left).
Society members make lasting and meaningful gifts through their wills and estate plans. Guardians ensure the Rocky Mountain Lions Eye Bank's financial strength far into the future. Contact us at 720-848-3936 for more information. Guardians get a pin to show their support to the eye bank.


Goodman Ranch offers excellent spring Tennessee turkey hunting. Tennessee has become one of the most popular states in the south for Eastern turkey hunting. We offer great terrain here at the ranch for hunting these wary gobblers. With beautiful hardwoods and pines, hills and hollows, fields and creek draws, and over 100 acres of clover fields, Goodman Ranch is the perfect place for a spring turkey hunt. These different settings allow us excellent set ups to bring a gobbler in close enough to get a shot.
We love to hunt in groups for our turkeys because so often we get more than one bird to come in to our calling. With multiple hunters we can often get a double making it an exciting hunt with clients or family members. Taking one bird is a great challenge in itself, but trying to get more than one is always more exhilarating for the guide and the hunters. We offer over 2,000 acres to turkey hunt on, and we can accommodate up to 8 hunters at a time. Tennessee offers a youth turkey hunt at the beginning of the season, which is a great time to let your youngster take their hunting to the next level by going after a big Tennessee Gobbler.
Middle to late turkey season is one of the most beautiful times of the year at Goodman Ranch. The wild flowers are in bloom, the trees are filling out with leaves, and everything is turning green again from the past winter. After you have bagged your gobbler you can try fishing in one of our lakes. Our lakes are excellent to fish during turkey season because the Largemouth Bass, Blue Gill, and Crappie are beginning their active time of spawning.
Our turkey hunts are usually a two days/ one night hunt which include meals, lodging, and trophy fee, starting at $1195. Licenses, taxidermy, and gratuity are additional. You can click on this TWRA link for seasons and license fees. After your successful hunt we can arrange all of your taxidermy needs. Please browse through our Photo Gallery to see the many turkey pictures we have.


SKOPJE (Reuters) - The speaker of Macedonia's parliament on Friday set April 21 as the date for presidential elections.
The role of president is mostly ceremonial, but he signs laws adopted by the parliament and is commander-in-chief of the army.
The government of the Prime Minister Zoran Zaev secured a narrow majority in the 120-seat parliament to change the country's name to North Macedonia, ending decades long dispute with Greece and paving the way for the country's accession to NATO and eventually to the European Union.
But nationalists, including current president Gjorge Ivanov and the opposition VMRO-DPMNE, oppose the name change.
For 27 years Greece had blocked the former Yugoslav republic's accession to NATO and EU, refusing to accept the name Macedonia saying it implies a territorial claim over its northern province with the same name.
But last June Prime Minister Zaev and his Greek counterpart Alexis Tsipras agreed on a new name Republic of North Macedonia.
On Thursday, Macedonia signed the accession protocol with NATO despite Russian criticism that further expansion by the alliance in the Balkans is undermining regional stability.
Once a part of Yugoslavia, Macedonia peacefully seceded in 1991 but came close to civil war in 2001 when ethnic Albanians launched an armed insurgency seeking greater autonomy.
The war was stopped thanks to EU and NATO involvement in peace negotiations.


text:
Stenygra globicollis is een keversoort uit de familie van de boktorren (Cerambycidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1889 door Kirsch.

globicollis

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Ryan Jiha
Ryan Jiha, Program Officer, Haiti, W.K. Kellogg Foundation
NPAG is pleased to announce that Ryan Jiha has been selected for the role of Program Officer, Haiti at the W.K. Kellogg Foundation. Mr. Jiha will support the place-based grantmaking by collaborating on the health equity portfolio.
Ryan was born and raised in Port-au-Prince, Haiti where he has had an impressive career in various roles at Partners in Health (PIH)- a nonprofit healthcare organization working in Haiti's healthcare sector for over thirty years. Most recently, he served as Project Manager under the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) where he oversaw a portfolio of $37M in U.S. federal grant funding used for reinforcing clinical services at 12 hospitals and health centers in rural Haiti. Ryan is an accomplished photographer and frequently blogs about his life and work in Haiti, highlighting the natural beauty of the country and the resilience of the communities living there.
Mr. Jiha holds a bachelor's degree in Applied Economics, with a minor in Global Public Health, from the University of Virginia and a Master of Health Administration from Tulane University's School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine.
Newer PostShelina (Foderingham) Davis
Older PostLeticia Peguero


text:
University of Colorado Law Review
Board & Members
Posted on January 30, 2018 February 6, 2018 by admin
Why You Should Be Unsettled by the Biggest Automotive Settlement in History
[To view a PDF version of this article, click here]
Sarah Dadush*
Introduction†
In September 2015, the world learned that Volkswagen (VW) had rigged millions of its "clean diesel" vehicles with illegal software designed to cheat emissions tests.1 Tests carried out with the cheat device indicated that the cars were as clean as advertised; however, tests carried out without the cheat device revealed that the cars in fact emitted up to forty times the legal limit of polluting nitrogen oxides.2 The fraud, which some have taken to calling "Dieselgate," lasted for over seven years.3 When affected owners learned that their cars were much more toxic than advertised, what were they upset about? Was it that their cars were now worth fewer dollars, or was it that they had been deceived into being bad global citizens when they thought they were being good?
Coverage of Dieselgate strongly suggests that affected
car owners experienced both kinds of disappointment—economic and noneconomic—and in heavy doses at that.4 But while the first kind of harm is relatively easy to recognize and address, our protective regime is ill-equipped to shield consumers from the second, a type of emotional harm that I refer to as "identity harm." I define identity harm as the anguish experienced by a consumer who learns that her efforts to live in line with her personal values have been undermined by a seller's exaggerated or false promises about their wares. While a range of promises can elicit identity harm (e.g., organic, animal cruelty-free, Kosher, Made in America, etc.), I focus on a particularly important and fast-growing category of promises pertaining to environmental and social sustainability. Here, identity harm arises when a consumer learns that her purchase has rendered her unwittingly complicit in causing injury to another human or the planet.
As explored in my first in a series of articles on this subject,5 the law's under-recognition of identity harm is problematic, particularly at a time when government agencies such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) are actively retreating from interventionist regulation.6 As the federal government recedes, consumers need additional tools to hold companies accountable for exaggerated or false claims of sustainability.
Enhanced protections are further warranted given that businesses increasingly incorporate environmental and social sustainability promises into their marketing campaigns specifically to target conscious consumers, who represent a growing share of the purchasing public.7 Conscious consumers care not just about the physical or price attributes of a given good or service, but also its social and environmental impact.8 They make purchases that reflect their environmental and social values, their personal principles of engagement with the world: their identity.9
Dieselgate is the perfect case study to illustrate identity harm since VW's clean diesel advertising campaign was expressly directed at environmentally conscious consumers. Given the campaign's target audience, it is safe to assume that a fair number of those who purchased the Dieselgate vehicles self-identify as conscious (or green).10 These individuals likely believed VW's claims that the cars were better for the environment than conventional (non-electric) alternatives and that driving one would support, not undermine, their self-identification as conscious consumers.
The realization that one has become unwittingly complicit in harming another being—the planet (its atmosphere, oceans, rivers, animals, etc.) or fellow humans—can be painful, in particular for people who sought to avoid precisely that. It is in such instances that identity harm rears its head. Conceptually, identity harm bears resemblance to the tort of defamation, where one's reputation is publicly sullied by a false statement. The difference is that with identity harm, it is one's conception of oneself—of who one strives to be in the world—that has been distorted as a result of a false or exaggerated sustainability promise: I thought I was being good when in reality I was (unknowingly) being bad.
This Essay proceeds by exposing the unique circumstances that led to the Dieselgate settlement (the Settlement) to show that, even though it did address identity harm, this happened only collaterally, not deliberately. In fact, by "tweaking the facts" just a bit, it becomes apparent just how easily the identity harm caused by Dieselgate could have gone un-addressed, in particular with respect to remedies. The next section offers examples of broken sustainability promises in the social realm—labor and human rights—and explains that, while a growing number of consumers are taking identity harm grievances to court, they are under-equipped to do so effectively. This section further highlights the key characteristics of identity harm. Specifically, identity harm is noneconomic, emotional or psychic, and derivative in the sense that the injury to the consumer stems from an injury that is at least one step removed from the actual purchasing transaction—for example, to another human or the planet. The following section explains why identity harm is legally under-accounted for today and recommends a reparations-centered (rather than compensation-centered) approach for addressing the complaints of aggrieved consumers.
I. The VW Settlement Reveals the Under-Recognition of Identity Harm
VW installed illegal cheat device software in all of its "clean diesel" vehicles, which had been advertised as green, fuel efficient, and high performing. Had the presence of the cheat device been known, VW would not have been allowed to sell the cars in the United States, both because cheat devices are illegal under the Clean Air Act (CAA) and because the cars themselves were illegally polluting. When the deception was revealed, a flurry of private class action lawsuits were filed, and these private lawsuits were complemented by aggressive action by the EPA (through the Department of Justice) and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC).
To settle the various claims stemming from its deception in the United States, VW agreed to pay approximately $10 billion to the FTC to compensate affected car owners; it also agreed to pay $4.7 billion to the EPA to finance green investments and mitigate the environmental damage caused by Dieselgate.11 The Settlement, the largest in the history of the auto industry, is being touted as a major victory for consumers.12 However, the Settlement was the product of such peculiar and difficult-to-reproduce circumstances that its precedential value, especially for conscious consumers, should not be overstated.
The fact that VW was the largest automaker in the world,13 that its criminal14 deception affected so many cars (500,000 in the United States alone), and that both environmental and consumer law violations were involved,15 all combined to make the Settlement particularly far-reaching. Furthermore, although the first class action claims were filed within hours after the scandal broke, it was the lawsuits brought by two government agencies—the EPA and FTC—that really put the pressure on VW to reach a large settlement.16 Governmental intervention signaled that VW's malfeasance could not only strip the Dieselgate cars of market value, but also jeopardize the automaker's access to the American market.17 VW got the message(s) and settled accordingly.
Had Dieselgate involved a domestic company, a less sizeable foreign company, or fewer cars, the authorities might have been less politically motivated to take action. Likewise, had the scandal involved only one type of illegality—consumer or environmental—the outcome of the Settlement likely would have been much less sizable. We do not have environmental and consumer law rules to govern every type of corporate sustainability-related (mis)representation. As such, the fact that Dieselgate was doubly illegal is another crucially important peculiarity that serves to explain the magnitude of the Settlement.
These (combined) peculiarities reveal a number of gaps in our corporate accountability regime, in particular when it comes to broken sustainability promises and greenwashing. Greenwashing happens when a company seeks to boost its sales or its brand by overstating its environmental ambitions and achievements.18 It is a main source of identity harm, along with "redwashing" or "bluewashing," terms used to describe the overstating of social (e.g., labor and human rights) ambitions and achievements. When "color-washing" happens—and goes unpunished—consumers concerned about the effects of their purchases on the planet and on other humans can experience a special type of emotional anguish that results from having been made unwittingly complicit in causing harm.
For color-washing claims to be properly addressed, the market and the regulators need to hear them, and this is by no means guaranteed. The VW tree fell loudly because of its size (hundreds of thousands of cars), the broad scope of the illegalities involved, and the willingness of the government agencies to listen and dedicate resources to prosecuting a major (foreign) company. Its thump reverberated across both the market for conventional goods—particularly sensitive to changes in resale values—and the market for sustainable goods.19 However, many broken environmental promises are too small or fall too deep inside the sustainability forest to be heard by the conventional market or by regulators, even if they produce real harm for some consumers.
The point is that the Settlement likely would have been much smaller if the FTC and the EPA had not reacted to VW's deceit as strongly as they did.20 Indeed, it is interesting to imagine how Dieselgate would have unfolded if the EPA had been headed by a climate change skeptic at the time the scandal broke.21 The pressure on VW to reach a meaningful settlement would have been greatly diminished if only state attorneys general had responded, let alone if only consumers had responded.
To understand how close the Settlement came to producing a less satisfying outcome, consider the recent complaint filed by those dirty-diesel owners who (re)sold their vehicles before the scandal broke. The Nemet v. Volkswagen Group Of America22 complaint refers to the "tens of thousands" of dirty-diesel owners who, because they sold their cars before VW's deception was exposed, received nothing under the Settlement.23 For these plaintiffs, there was no problem of illegality to speak of; as a result, the resale value of their cars was not adversely affected by VW's deception, even though each mile driven in the car produced exponentially more polluting gases than the drivers had believed. Since they did not incur any economic loss on their resales (beyond ordinary depreciation), one might surmise that this group of Dieselgate victims experienced no harm even though they received "hyper polluting" vehicles instead of what they paid for—clean-diesel vehicles—and even though VW's false environmental promises "secretly turned the most environmentally conscious consumers into some of the biggest polluters on the road."24
Here lies the crux of the question: Is the fact that the resale value of the dirty-diesels was unaffected by the scandal enough to do away with the question of whether there was any harm at all? From the perspective of the Nemet plaintiffs, this question must surely be answered in the negative. To answer in the affirmative would not only be grossly under protective, but also shortsighted and antithetical to one of the driving objectives of consumer protection, which is to foster trust in a fair marketplace. Harm is more nuanced and layered than a simple change in market value. As claimed in Nemet, harm arises when consumers realize that they have become unknowingly complicit in a scheme to harm the planet, particularly when they had tried to avoid just that. Otherwise put, consumers can experience identity harm even without economic loss (diminished market value).
A related question pertains to remedies: Should remedies be measured by economic loss or according to another measure? Since they cannot recover lost resale value, the Nemet plaintiffs argue that they should receive some depreciation-adjusted share of the clean premium they had originally paid for the cars in order to recover the benefit of their bargain. However, based on the substance of the complaint, perhaps it would be more effective to measure remedies according to the lost greenness of the purchase.
This could be done by estimating the number of "dirty" miles driven by the Nemet plaintiffs and, based on that figure, calculating the amount of above-what-was-advertised and above-what-was-legally-permitted emissions. The extra emissions could be priced and converted into a measure of total lost greenness that could then be used as the benchmark for damages. Some (significant) share of this money could be placed into a climate fund dedicated to offsetting the emissions produced by the deception.
On this last point—and as another illustration of the Settlement's unsettling features—consider that without the EPA's active involvement, the Settlement likely would not have included the establishment of a climate fund. Yet the fund is a crucial piece of the remedial puzzle for the Dieselgate victims who want to undo the environmental harm they—unwittingly and unintentionally—contributed to. To summarize, economic loss is not the only dimension along which harm is experienced, just as it is not the only dimension along which remedies should be measured.
II. Broken Social Promises Matter, Too
Identity harm afflicts the realm of social promises, as well. As examples, consider a "conflict free" diamond engagement ring or a purchase from any of the growing roster of companies that market themselves and their wares (e.g., clothing, coffee, chocolate, minerals, palm oil) as socially sustainable.25 For the individuals buying such goods, the production backstory likely matters a great deal.26 Should the sustainability promises that operate in the background of a purchasing decision be revealed to be hollow, buyers can experience an achingly intimate form of disappointment.
Imagine discovering that your "conflict free" engagement ring, a symbol of love and commitment, was in fact sourced from a country marred by diamond-fueled murder, rape, and slavery.27 Would your experience of the ring be altered? Would your sense of its value change? For some, wearing the ring might elicit deep distress brought on by the constant reminder of one's participation in another's suffering. On a smaller but no less profound scale, learning that the chocolate treat they gave their child was made using forced child labor can make a parent sick to their stomach, literally and figuratively.28 Indeed, a series of—so far, unsuccessful—class actions have been filed against big chocolate companies such as Hershey, Nestle, and Mars on the grounds that the plaintiff consumers would not have bought the companies' chocolate products had they known that their purchases were supporting forced child labor.29
In a similar vein, in Sud v. Costco Wholesale Corp., the company was sued by a consumer because it "unlawfully induce[s] consumers to buy Costco farmed prawn products"30 the supply chain for which is "tainted by the use of slave labor in Thailand" and contaminated by "documented slavery, human trafficking and other illegal labor abuses."31 At issue in Sud was the fact that Costco—much like the chocolate companies mentioned above—makes various disclosures and public statements that affirmatively represent to consumers that the company "makes efforts to monitor its suppliers to eradicate human rights abuses in its supply chain"32 and that "it does not tolerate human trafficking and slavery in its supply chain."33
In both the chocolate cases and in the Costco case, the plaintiffs failed because they could not establish that the companies had a duty to disclose that their goods were sourced through a tainted supply chain, or that the companies had exclusive knowledge of the labor and human rights problems affecting their supply chains, or that the plaintiffs had actually relied on the sustainability disclosures in making their purchasing decision.
These cases offer just a few examples of how consumers' disappointed expectations of a company's social conduct can lead to identity harm. That these claims are being litigated demonstrates that identity harm is real, that consumers care about corporations keeping their social promises, and, by extension, that consumers want corporations to improve their social performance. Yet, in spite of an upswing in sustainability-related legal claims, consumers are failing because of under-protective interpretations and applications of consumer law statutes. Identity harm can help equip consumers to wage these legal battles more effectively.
III. Why We Need Better Protection for Identity Harm and Why We Don't Have It Yet
As things stand, those aggrieved by identity harm have only limited recourse. This is so for several reasons. First, in spite of the growing number of conscious consumers, the market remains generally insensitive to sustainability promises—kept or broken.34 Market prices represent the value of a good, security, or service for the average (marginal) buyer, rather than for the conscious (infra-marginal) buyer.35 Thus, unless sustainability promises become more valued by average consumers, the economic loss produced when such promises are broken is likely to be limited.
The problem is that with minimal or no economic loss, the likelihood of market regulation is reduced, as is the likelihood of government intervention and the likelihood of success for claims brought directly by consumers against the offending company.36 As explained above, economic loss is an inadequate and problematic proxy for assessing identity harm,37 and overreliance on it allows bad corporate practices to proliferate with relative impunity.
A second reason why recourse is limited for aggrieved consumers is that government may be underequipped or unwilling to step in: there may be no law or regulation on point,38 and even if there is, resource and political constraints may direct attention elsewhere.39 This again highlights the peculiarities of the Dieselgate Settlement. It is naïve to expect that the intensity of government agency intervention elicited by VW's wrongdoing will occur in cases where sustainability promises are broken less "loudly"—or where the agencies in charge of protecting the environment and consumers are headed by anti-interventionists.
Third, as illustrated by the fate of the chocolate cases and Sud (among others), there are serious consumer law obstacles to identifying an actionable misrepresentation or omission pertaining to sustainability. Consumer law statutes and the case law applying them tend to be demanding with respect to vindicating emotional grievances, especially when it comes to omissions. They can also place onerous demands on consumers with respect to establishing actual reliance on a particular statement at the time of purchase.
Fourth, it may be difficult to show how consumers are harmed by an inaccurate backstory when it is the planet and/or those making the goods that are injured, at least in the traditional sense. Indeed, identity harm is different from, say, the "safety harm" caused by a spontaneously combusting cell phone where users can experience direct personal injury.40 It is also different from the distress that consumers experience when they learn that the "100% natural" food they ingested in fact contains genetically modified organisms (GMO)—partly because the health risks of consuming GMO foods remain uncertain and partly because these statements address consumers' concerns about their own bodily health.41 In these scenarios, the primary injured party is the consumer herself. By contrast, with identity harm, the injury is, to a large extent, derivative. Identity harm affects individual consumers, but stems from an injury that is at least one step removed from the actual purchasing transaction. In the case of broken sustainability promises, the injury is experienced by the planet and/or fellow human beings. But other kinds of broken promises can trigger identity harm, as well.
For example, identity harm can encompass the type of "spiritual harm" that an observant Jewish person might experience upon learning that the food they ingested was falsely marketed as Kosher, or a Muslim might experience upon learning that a meat product they consumed was not in fact Halal, or a Jain might experience upon learning that the food they ordered was incorrectly described as vegetarian.42 In such instances, the consumer suffers no direct (physical or economic) harm as a result of the transaction, but their faith in their relationship to the divine may be undermined.43 The "ethical harm" that an animal rights activist might experience upon learning that a product they believed to be "cruelty free" was in fact developed by experimenting on animals can likewise be included under the identity harm umbrella as their injury is derivative of the injury to the animals.
In each of these instances, the injury occurs beyond the transaction and beyond the individual consumer. These examples illustrate how the "defect" of identity-harming products is not necessarily (if at all) economic—the issue is not about the product pricing. Nor is the defect related to the product's physical attributes—consumers are not physically injured by the use of an identity-harming product. Rather, the defect is that the product undermines a consumer's autonomy to make informed choices that will safeguard—not jeopardize—their values or their notion of who they want to be in the world.
The fact that identity harm is non-economic and derivative arguably complicates standing for those seeking to assert it.44 More importantly, however, these features highlight a remedies problem. The most common remedy for consumer claims is monetary damages, which are typically limited to purchase price, sometimes enhanced with statutory or punitive damages.45 However, in order for consumers to be made whole in the wake of a broken sustainability promise, what is needed is for the company to come through on its original promise and to repair the social or environmental damage done. Identity harm thus demands injunctive relief.
Injunctive remedies are occasionally employed to repair harm, particularly in cases involving the violation of environmental laws (e.g., the Settlement provides for billions of dollars to be paid into an EPA-administered climate fund)46 and in cases involving the violation of international human rights laws.47 In the consumer law context, however, the FTC and state attorneys general tend to steer clear of reparations-oriented remedies. To the extent that injunctive remedies are awarded, it is typically only to enjoin the seller from continuing to engage in the bad practice at issue, not to require them to repair the harm caused by the bad practice.48 Typical consumer law remedies are therefore unlikely to make aggrieved consumers whole and should be combined with injunctive remedies intended to undo or repair the harm created by the injurious corporate practice at issue. An important additional advantage of developing a reparations-centered rather than compensation-centered remedies framework is that, properly designed,49 it would reduce the risk of frivolous lawsuits.
Limited notions of harm do little to deter companies from making and then breaking promises. This hurts consumers, but also society, by breeding distrust of the marketplace and the bodies that are supposed to regulate it. Identity harm completes the picture painted by economic loss, and providing legal recourse for it would empower consumers to be more effective agents of change—leveraging their voices to advance the interests of (often voiceless) third parties.
Identity harm expands our notions of what constitutes actionable consumer harm while also creating openings for the development of new remedies frameworks that look beyond financial compensation to include reparations. Such legal innovation gives rise to difficult questions of what harms to count and how to count them. While challenging, these questions are not novel. We already have mechanisms in place for dealing with intangible harms in the context of medical injuries (e.g., pain and suffering), emotional distress, and defamation. In these areas, the inadequacy of economic loss as a measure of harm is acknowledged, and a degree of subjective experience is recognized.50 Such protective principles should be harnessed to address the harm produced by companies breaking their sustainability promises, compelling them to do more than simply claim they are making the world a better place.
Though still new, identity harm can enrich the consumer protection toolkit. Rather than create a new cause of action, the idea is to incorporate identity harm into existing consumer law statutes and equip judges to better recognize and address the grievances of consumers who feel that their efforts to live in line with their personal values have been undermined by a seller's empty promises. At a time when the government's protective capacity appears to be shrinking more with each passing day, it is becoming ever-more urgent to arm consumers with the legal tools necessary for protecting their freedom to choose not to support abusive systems. Identity harm is one such tool.
* Associate Professor, Rutgers Law School.
† Editor's note: This short Essay, prepared specifically for the University of Colorado Law Review Forum, introduces topics and ideas addressed at greater length in Professor Dadush's forthcoming article, Identity Harm, 89 U. Colo. L. Rev. (forthcoming 2018).
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Amended Partial Consent Decree
Amended Partial Consent Decree, In Re Volkswagen "Clean Diesel" Mktg., Sales Practices, & Prod. Liab. Litig., MDL No. 2672 CRB (JSC), 2016 WL 6460404, (N.D. Cal. Sept. 30, 2016) (No. 1973-1), at 1–5, https://www.epa.gov/ sites/production/files/2016-10/documents/amended20lpartial-cd.pdf [https://perma.cc/G8FT-32U5] [hereinafter First Consent Decree].
Guilbert Gates et. al, How Volkswagen's 'Defeat Devices' Worked
Guilbert Gates et. al, How Volkswagen's 'Defeat Devices' Worked, N.Y. Times (Mar. 16, 2017), https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/business/ international/vw-diesel-emissions-scandal-explained.html?mcubz=0&_r=0 [https://perma.cc/JMW9-XRYL].
VW Scandal: Company Warned Over Test Cheating Years Ago
VW Scandal: Company Warned Over Test Cheating Years Ago, BBC (Sept. 27, 2015), http://www.bbc.com/news/business-34373637 [https://perma.cc/D2EA-FZPF].
Jad Mouawad & Christopher Jensen, The Wrath of Volkswagen Drivers
Jad Mouawad & Christopher Jensen, The Wrath of Volkswagen Drivers, N.Y. Times (Sept. 21, 2015), http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/22/business/the-wrath-of-volkswagens-drivers.html [https://perma.cc/J72R-NB82]; Jacob Bogage, Volkswagen Agrees to Pay Consumers Biggest Auto Settlement in History, Wash. Post (June 27, 2016), https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-switch/wp/2016/ 06/27/volkswagen-agrees-to-pay-consumers-biggest-auto-settlement-in-history/ [https://perma.cc/JJT7-V7JR].
Sarah Dadush, Identity Harm
Sarah Dadush, Identity Harm, 89 U. Colo. L. Rev. (forthcoming 2018).
See, e.g., Juan Carlos Rodriguez, New EPA Chief Pledges to Change Regulatory, Legal Practices
See, e.g., Juan Carlos Rodriguez, New EPA Chief Pledges to Change Regulatory, Legal Practices, Law360 (Feb. 21, 2017, 3:53 PM), https://www. law360.com/articles/893816/new-epa-chief-pledges-to-change-regulatory-legal-practices [https://perma.cc/SQL9-Q4F8] (reporting on Pruitt's commitments to reduce "regulation through litigation," which exactly describes the EPA's handling of Dieselgate, and to promote a "very robust" role for states in implementing environmental laws and diminishing the role of the federal government in climate regulation).
See, e.g., Howard Kimeldorf et al., Consumers with a Conscience: Will They Pay More?
See, e.g., Howard Kimeldorf et al., Consumers with a Conscience: Will They Pay More?, Contexts, Winter 2006, at 24, 26–27, http://www.npr.org/ documents/2013/may/consumer_conscience_study_ME_20130501.pdf [https://perma.cc/UR6C-7HZU] (finding 30 percent of working-class consumers were willing to pay a 20 percent price premium for socks with a "Good Working Conditions" label); Global Consumers are Willing to Put Their Money Where Their Heart is when it Comes to Goods and Services from Companies Committed to Social Responsibility, Nielsen (June 17, 2014), http://www.nielsen.com/us/ en/press-room/2014/global-consumers-are-willing-to-put-their-money-where-their-heart-is.html [https://perma.cc/79W7-UAH6]; FishWise, Trafficked II: An Updated Summary of Human Rights Abuses in the Seafood Industry 6 (2014), https://www.fishwise.org/images/pdfs/Trafficked_II_FishWise_2014.pdf [https://perma.cc/EB8F-HES8] (revealing that eighty-eight percent of consumers would stop buying a product if it was associated with human rights abuses and seventy percent of consumers would pay a premium for a product certified to be free of human rights abuses).
Phillip Haid, The Myths of Conscious Consumerism
Phillip Haid, The Myths of Conscious Consumerism, Strategy (Mar. 28, 2016), http://strategyonline.ca/2016/03/28/the-myths-of-conscious-consumerism/ [https://perma.cc/D5JD-GCZM].
Josée Johnson, The Citizen-Consumer Hybrid: Ideological Tensions and the Case of Whole Foods Market
Josée Johnson, The Citizen-Consumer Hybrid: Ideological Tensions and the Case of Whole Foods Market, 37 Theory & Soc'y 229, 242 (2007) ("[C]hoice is . . . central to the meaning attached to modern consumption and a modern self who makes autonomous choices expressing a unique identity, and whose sense of freedom is intimately connected to consumer choice.").
Press Release, Fed. Trade Comm'n
Press Release, Fed. Trade Comm'n, FTC Charges Volkswagen Deceived Consumers with Its "Clean Diesel" Campaign (Mar. 29 2016), https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/press-releases/2016/03/ftc-charges-volkswagen-deceived-consumers-its-clean-diesel [https://perma.cc/W742-KXH3].
First Consent Decree
First Consent Decree, supra note 1, at 1–5. VW must remove the tainted vehicles from commerce, either physically, by buying them back, or by fixing them to be standards-compliant. Id. Car owners therefore have the option to (1) accept a buyback offer based on pre-scandal prices and receive cash payments of up to $10,000; or (2) keep the cars for VW to bring into compliance with environmental standards within two years, if/when it develops the (approved) technology and receive cash payments of up to $10,000. Id. Additionally, VW must pay $2.7 billion to a mitigation trust fund and invest $2 billion in the promotion of zero emission vehicles and charging infrastructure. Id. at 4–5.
Reuters, How Volkswagen Owners Can Get Compensation from the Emissions Scandal Settlement
Reuters, How Volkswagen Owners Can Get Compensation from the Emissions Scandal Settlement, Fortune (June 28, 2016), http://fortune.com/ 2016/06/28/vw-owners-compensation-scandal/ [https://perma.cc/QCP5-MM6E].
Bertel Schmitt, Nice Try VW: Toyota Again Largest Automaker in the World
Bertel Schmitt, Nice Try VW: Toyota Again Largest Automaker in the World, Forbes (Jan. 27, 2016), http://www.forbes.com/sites/bertelschmitt/2016 /01/27/nice-try-vw-toyota-again-worlds-largest-automaker/#44d787912b65 [https://perma.cc/5TDU-ZVCE].
Aruna Viswanatha & Christina Rogers, VW Engineer Pleads Guilty in Emissions Cheating Scandal
Aruna Viswanatha & Christina Rogers, VW Engineer Pleads Guilty in Emissions Cheating Scandal, CNN: Money (Sept. 9, 2016), http://money.cnn.com/ 2016/09/09/news/companies/volkswagen-engineer-emissions-scandal-guilty-plea/index.html [https://perma.cc/ZG27-BQTE].
Eur. Parliamentary Research Serv. (EPRS), Briefing on the "Lawsuits Triggered by the Volkswagen Emissions Case"
Eur. Parliamentary Research Serv. (EPRS), Briefing on the "Lawsuits Triggered by the Volkswagen Emissions Case" (May 2016), http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/BRIE/2016/583793/EPRS_BRI(2016)583793_EN.pdf [https://perma.cc/7XRT-ZSTY] (noting that environmental violations included illegal defeat devices that concealed emissions of ten-to-forty times the allowed amount of nitrogen oxides, and that consumer law violations included false advertising claims about environmental-friendliness and high resale values that deceived consumers).
Bill Vlasic & Aaron M. Kessler, It Took E.P.A. Pressure to Get VW to Admit Fault
Bill Vlasic & Aaron M. Kessler, It Took E.P.A. Pressure to Get VW to Admit Fault, N.Y. Times (Sept. 21, 2015), http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/22/ business/it-took-epa-pressure-to-get-vw-to-admit-fault.html? [https://perma.cc/FX4B-DTFJ].
First Consent Decree, supra note 1, at 3–5, 38–40.
For analysis of greenwashing and an overview of possible solutions, see Miriam A. Cherry & Judd F. Sneirson, Beyond Profit: Rethinking Corporate Social Responsibility and Greenwashing After the BP Oil Disaster
For analysis of greenwashing and an overview of possible solutions, see Miriam A. Cherry & Judd F. Sneirson, Beyond Profit: Rethinking Corporate Social Responsibility and Greenwashing After the BP Oil Disaster, 85 Tul. L. Rev. 983, 999–1009, 1025–38 (2011).
Jack Ewing, In the U.S., VW Owners Get Cash. In Europe, They Get Plastic Tubes.
Jack Ewing, In the U.S., VW Owners Get Cash. In Europe, They Get Plastic Tubes., N.Y. Times (Aug. 15, 2016), http://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/16/ business/international/vw-volkswagen-europe-us-lawsuit-settlement.html [https://perma.cc/X65T-ZE6A]. Currently, VW cannot bring the cars into compliance with national standards without compromising fuel efficiency and performance. Id. The cars'—sans settlement—market value therefore dropped. Id.
This is essentially what is happening in the European Union where car emissions standards are lower than in the United States, which makes it possible to bring the cars into compliance without affecting performance.
This is essentially what is happening in the European Union where car emissions standards are lower than in the United States, which makes it possible to bring the cars into compliance without affecting performance. To the lament and frustration of many car owners in Europe—where class action lawsuits are generally not permitted—regulators have not activated in Europe the way they have in the United States. Id.
Henry Fountain, Trump's Climate Contrarian: Myron Ebell Takes on the E.P.A.
Henry Fountain, Trump's Climate Contrarian: Myron Ebell Takes on the E.P.A., N.Y. Times (Nov. 11, 2016), http://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/12/ science/myron-ebell-trump-epa.html [https://perma.cc/H6ZJ-GKEV].
Nemet v. Volkswagen Grp. Of Am., Inc.
Nemet v. Volkswagen Grp. Of Am., Inc., No. 3:17-cv-04372 (N.D. Cal. Aug. 2, 2017).
Class Action Complaint at 4, Nemet
Class Action Complaint at 4, Nemet, No. 3:17-cv-04372 (N.D. Cal. Aug. 2, 2017).
Id. at 6.
Marc Bain, Is H&M Misleading Customers with All Its Talk of Sustainability?
Marc Bain, Is H&M Misleading Customers with All Its Talk of Sustainability? Quartz (Apr. 16, 2016), http://qz.com/662031/is-hm-misleading-customers-with-all-its-talk-of-sustainability/ [https://perma.cc/7SYF-3HSN].
Douglas Kysar, Preferences for Processes: The Process/Product Distinction and the Regulation of Consumer Choice
Douglas Kysar, Preferences for Processes: The Process/Product Distinction and the Regulation of Consumer Choice, 118 Harv. L. Rev. 525, 640–642 (2004) (arguing that "process-information" pertaining to the production backstory of consumer goods should be (1) made more available to consumers and (2) better policed in order to properly protect the "many consumers [who] have come to view themselves as purchasing with their disposable dollars not only products, but also shares of responsibility in the moral and ecological economy that produces them").
Jenni Avins, How to Propose with an Engagement Ring As Rock Solid As Your Ethical Values
Jenni Avins, How to Propose with an Engagement Ring As Rock Solid As Your Ethical Values, Quartz (Apr. 14, 2016), http://qz.com/657236/how-to-propose-with-an-engagement-diamond-as-rock-solid-as-your-ethical-values/ [https://perma.cc/SDJ4-5ND7].
Complaint for Violation of Consumer Protection Laws at 1, Dana v. Hershey Co.
Complaint for Violation of Consumer Protection Laws at 1, Dana v. Hershey Co., 180 F. Supp. 3d 652 (N.D. Cal. 2015) (No. 3:15-cv-04453) ("[W]hen . . . food companies fail to disclose the use of child and slave labor in their supply chains to consumers, they are deceived into buying products they would not have otherwise and thereby unwittingly supporting child and slave labor themselves through their product purchases.").
Class Action Complaint at 5, Sud v. Costco Wholesale Corp.
Class Action Complaint at 5, Sud v. Costco Wholesale Corp., 229 F. Supp. 3d. 1075 (N.D. Cal. 2017) (No. 15-cv-03783).
Id. at 12–13.
Id. at 18.
Cadesby Cooper, Rule 10b-5 at the Intersection of Greenwash and Green Investment: The Problem of Economic Loss
Cadesby Cooper, Rule 10b-5 at the Intersection of Greenwash and Green Investment: The Problem of Economic Loss, 42 B.C. Envtl. Aff. L. Rev. 405, 427–32 (2015) (explaining that ethical investors' disappointment is difficult to redress due to Rule 10b-5 requirements that plaintiffs suffer economic loss attributable to the issuer's misrepresentations).
Many states require consumers to show that they suffered an ascertainable financial loss and that they relied on the seller's (mis)representation in making their purchase.
Many states require consumers to show that they suffered an ascertainable financial loss and that they relied on the seller's (mis)representation in making their purchase. See Carolyn L. Carter, Nat'l Consumer Law Ctr., Consumer Protection in the States: A 50-State Report on Unfair and Deceptive Acts and Practices Statutes, 18–21 (2009), https://www.nclc.org /images/pdf/udap/report_50_states.pdf [https://perma.cc/Z7P6-FPWH].
Infra Part I.
For example, the FTC Guides for the Use of Environmental Marketing Claims (16 CFR 260.1) offer sellers guidance for avoiding deceptive marketing, but there is no equivalent for social claims.
Carter, supra note 36, at 18
Carter, supra note 36, at 18 (explaining that limited state enforcement budgets limit regulatory policing of the marketplace).
See Eun-Young Jeong, Samsung to Recall Galaxy Note 7 Smartphone Over Reports of Fires
See Eun-Young Jeong, Samsung to Recall Galaxy Note 7 Smartphone Over Reports of Fires, Wall. St. J. (Sept. 2, 2016, 5:35 PM), https://www.wsj.com/ articles/samsung-to-recall-galaxy-note-7-smartphone-1472805076 [https://perma.cc/G9VV-PBPM]; Daisuke Wakabayashi et al., Samsung Halts Galaxy Note 7 Production as Battery Problems Linger, N.Y. Times (Oct. 10, 2016), https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/11/business/samsung-galaxy-note-fires.html?_r=0 [https://perma.cc/G3R9-G6GV].
See Michele Simon, ConAgra Sued Over GMO '100% Natural' Cooking Oils
See Michele Simon, ConAgra Sued Over GMO '100% Natural' Cooking Oils, Food Safety News (Aug. 24. 2011), http://www.foodsafetynews.com/2011/ 08/conagra-sued-over-gmo-100-natural-cooking-oils/#.WKeHvRSnWto [https://perma.cc/JA5R-7DSJ] (describing a class action brought against ConAgra for labeling their Wesson-branded cooking oils as "100% natural" to target health conscious consumers when in fact the oils contain GMOs).
See, Stephen F. Rosenthal, Food For Thought: Kosher Fraud Laws and the Religion Clauses of the First Amendment
See, Stephen F. Rosenthal, Food For Thought: Kosher Fraud Laws and the Religion Clauses of the First Amendment, 65 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 951, 954 (1997) (offering a definition of spiritual harm based on an interview with commentator versed in Jewish law: "The consumption of forbidden foods defiles the holy spirit, and its sanctity is injured. This injury reduces the Jewish capacity to reap the full rewards of Torah and its fathomless depths").
The argument for including spiritual harm under the identity harm umbrella is strengthened by recalling that many of the religious rules pertaining to meat consumption are borne of some concern for the well-being of the animal.
The argument for including spiritual harm under the identity harm umbrella is strengthened by recalling that many of the religious rules pertaining to meat consumption are borne of some concern for the well-being of the animal. As such, spiritual identity harm is partially derived from the injuries experienced by animals. I am grateful to Matthew Carey of the University of Colorado Law Review for this insight.
The Supreme Court's decision in Spokeo, Inc. v. Robins, 136 S. Ct. 1540, 1545 (2016), suggests that standing challenges based on the non-concreteness of alleged harms are not insurmountable.
The Supreme Court's decision in Spokeo, Inc. v. Robins, 136 S. Ct. 1540, 1545 (2016), suggests that standing challenges based on the non-concreteness of alleged harms are not insurmountable. See also Daniel Townsend, Who Should Define Injuries For Article III Standing?, 68 Stan. L. Rev. Online 76, 80 (2015) ("[N]ot all harms we care about are tangible. Many wrongs we care about do not lead to bodily damage, economic damage, [or] damage to property.").
Carter, supra note 36
Carter, supra note 36, at 18–21.
First Consent Decree, supra note 1
First Consent Decree, supra note 1, at 12–13.
Tom Antkowiak, Remedial Approaches to Human Rights Violations: The Inter-American Court of Human Rights and Beyond
Tom Antkowiak, Remedial Approaches to Human Rights Violations: The Inter-American Court of Human Rights and Beyond, 46 Colum. J. Transnat'l L. 351 (2008).
Id. at 16; 15 U.S.C. §53 (1994); 15 U.S.C §54 (1938); 15 U.S.C §57b (1975).
Omri Ben-Shahar & Ariel Porat, The Restoration Remedy in Private Law: A Novel Approach To Compensation For Emotional Harm
Omri Ben-Shahar & Ariel Porat, The Restoration Remedy in Private Law: A Novel Approach To Compensation For Emotional Harm (U. Chi. L. Sch., Coase-Sandor Inst. for L. & Econ., Working Paper No. 819, 2017), https://papers. ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3058186 [https://perma.cc/5YK4-9AQ7] (developing a model for restorations-based remedies for emotional harms calibrated to tell apart sincere claimants from fakers).
Robert L. Rabin, Intangible Damages in American Tort Law: A Roadmap
Robert L. Rabin, Intangible Damages in American Tort Law: A Roadmap (Stan. Pub. L., Working Paper No. 2727885, 2016), https://www-cdn.law. stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/R.L.RABIN-SSRN-Rotterdam-Conf-paper-revised-for-ssrn-2727885-Intangible-Damages-in-American-Tort-Law.pdf [https://perma.cc/S8R2-9EYV] (discussing intangible harms); JoEllen Lind, The End of Trial on Damages? Intangible Losses and Comparability Review, 51 Buff. L. Rev. 251, 301, 309–14 (2003) (discussing the challenges of comparing intangible harms).
© 2019 University of Colorado Law Review


An electric vehicle (EV) charger supplies the electricity required to recharge the batteries in pure EVs and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEVs). They are also called as EV supply equipment (EVSE), and electric charging points. The market includes wired or wireless EV charger which is used residentially or commercially to charge EVs (pure EVs and PHEVs). The global automotive industry is focusing on exploring alternative propulsion technologies to curb vehicle emissions and achieve higher fuel economy in vehicles.
Technavio's analysts forecast the global electric vehicle charger market to grow at a CAGR of 43.72% during the period 2017-2021.
The report covers the present scenario and the growth prospects of the global electric vehicle charger market for 2017-2021. To calculate the market size, the report considers EV charger available volume.
Technavio's report, Global Electric Vehicle Charger Market 2017-2021, has been prepared based on an in-depth market analysis with inputs from industry experts. The report covers the market landscape and its growth prospects over the coming years. The report also includes a discussion of the key vendors operating in this market.
AeroVironment, ChargePoint, Evatran, and Leviton.
Other Prominent Vendors in the market are: ABB, AddÉnergie, Bosch, Delphi Automotive, Efacec, EV-Box, Gill Industries, Mojo Mobility, Momentum Dynamics corporation, POD Point, Signet Electronic Systems, and WiTricity.


text:
Asunción María Aurora Cagigal Gutiérrez de Ceballos y Gutiérrez Alzaga, conocida artísticamente como Asunción Villamil, ( Bilbao, 14 de enero de 1926-Madrid, 25 de diciembre de 2010) fue una actriz española.

Biografía
Fue uno de los nueve hijos del santanderino Jesús Cagigal Gutiérrez de Ceballos y de su esposa Amelia Gutiérrez Alzaga. Un hermano suyo fue un gran deportista, José María Cagigal Gutiérrez de Ceballos y Gutiérrez Alzaga (1923-1983), el que fundara el primer Instituto Nacional de Educación Física (INEF) en Madrid. Sus otros hermanos fueron: los varones Fernando, Juan José, Jesús y Alberto y las mujeres María del Pilar, María del Carmen, María Isabel y Celia.

Centró su carrera fundamentalmente en teatro y televisión, con puntuales apariciones en cine. Sus inicios se sitúan precisamente sobre los escenarios, donde comenzó su actividad en compañías de aficionados. Desde finales de los años 1950 fue un rostro habitual en la pequeña pantalla, y durante más de dos décadas intervino asiduamente en numerosos espacios dramáticos emitidos por Televisión Española.

En la década de 1980 formó su propia compañía con su marido, el también actor Pablo Sanz (con quien se había casado en 1955, año en el que lo había conocido durante la representación de la obra Los milagros del jornal), con la que interpretaron a los clásicos del Siglo de Oro español.

Está enterrada en el Cementerio de Fuencarral, junto a su esposo.

Trayectoria en televisión

 Estudio 1
 Que viene mi marido (15 de mayo de 1981)
 Teatro estudio
 Las aleluyas del señor Esteve (30 de abril de 1981)
 Original El día menos pensado (10 de junio de 1975)
 A través de la niebla
 Un solo de violín (17 de enero de 1972)
 Visto para sentencia
 La deliciosa muerte (28 de junio de 1971)
 Páginas sueltas
 El club de los corazones antiguos (20 de octubre de 1970)
 Personajes a trasluz
 Judith (30 de junio de 1970)
 Hora once
 Compañerismos (8 de junio de 1969)
 El crimen de Lord Saville (13 de febrero de 1970)
 En familia (13 de marzo de 1970)
 La risa española
 Ni pobre ni rico, sino todo lo contrario (2 de mayo de 1969)
 Teatro de siempre
 El zapatero y el rey (7 de julio de 1967)
 El inspector (13 de octubre de 1967)
 El abanico de Lady Windermere (3 de noviembre de 1967)
 Teatro para todos
 El cadáver del señor García (11 de julio de 1965)

 Tras la puerta cerrada
 El engranaje (14 de mayo de 1965)
 Tengo un libro en las manos (1 episodio)
 Vidas paralelas (17 de marzo de 1964)
 Teatro de familia
 Nada más que dos viejos (11 de febrero de 1964)
 Novela
 Robo en el subexpreso (27 de mayo de 1963)
 El caso del visitante (16 de junio de 1963)
 Los cinco invitados (6 de abril de 1964)
 Algo inesperado (13 de diciembre de 1965)
 Las aventuras de Tom Sawyer (27 de diciembre de 1965)
 Leyenda de Navidad (19 de febrero de 1966) Elizabeth
 Tom Sawyer, detective (11 de julio de 1966)
 La Marquesa (29 de agosto de 1966)
 El alba y la noche (10 de octubre de 1966)
 El Cardenal de Castilla (14 de agosto de 1967)
 Nunca llueve a gusto de todos (18 de marzo de 1968)
 Fue en Molokai (1 de abril de 1968)
 Biografía de Goya (16 de junio de 1969)
 Eugenia Grandett (3 de noviembre de 1969)
 El otro yo del fiscal Hallers (19 de enero de 1970)
 Persuasión (14 de febrero de 1972)
 El invitado (27 de marzo de 1972)
 La condesa de Bureta (17 de julio de 1972)
 Martín Rivas (13 de noviembre de 1972)
 Ecos de sociedad (2 de mayo de 1977)
 La tortuga perezosa''''' (1961-1963)

Referencias

 Necrológica en el Diario ABC, de 2 de enero de 2011

Enlaces externos

Actrices de televisión de España
Actrices de teatro de España
Actores de Vizcaya
Nacidos en Bilbao
Fallecidos en Madrid


text:
Rising home prices, falling sales hurting small businesses
by: JOYCE M. ROSENBERG, Associated Press
Posted: Oct 28, 2019 / 03:04 PM GMT-0500 / Updated: Oct 28, 2019 / 03:04 PM GMT-0500
In this Sept. 25, 2019, photo houses in a Brandon, Miss., neighborhood are photographed. Many small companies tied to the housing market are seeing a slowdown in business, one that could continue into 2020. Reports on home sales, the remodeling market and sales of furniture and home furnishings show the spreading fallout from rising prices for houses and apartments. (AP Photo/Rogelio V. Solis)
NEW YORK (AP) — Many small companies tied to the housing market are seeing a slowdown in business, one that's forecast to continue well into 2020.
Reports on home sales, the home remodeling market and sales of furniture and home furnishings show the spreading fallout from rising prices for houses and apartments.
The National Association of Realtors said last week that sales of existing homes fell 2.2% in September, extending their erratic performance this year. While sales are up nearly 4% from a year ago, an increase due to falling mortgage rates, would-be buyers are being turned away by housing prices that keep rising. The median sales price for a home is up nearly 6% from a year ago at $272,100, the Realtors said. A shortage of homes on the market has also held sales back.
Meanwhile, the Commerce Department said Thursday that sales of new homes fell 0.7% last month.
Many homeowners fix up or renovate their homes before putting them on the market or after buying them. But with sales fluctuating, there's less remodeling going on and so contractors, many of whom are small businesses, are getting less work. Harvard University's Joint Center for Housing Studies predicts that remodeling activity, which researchers say peaked a year ago, will extend its decline into the third quarter of 2020.
"Continued weakness in existing home sales and new construction will lead to sluggish remodeling activity next year," Chris Herbert, the center's managing director, said in a statement.
The center's Leading Indicator of Remodeling Activity showed spending on home renovations and repairs rose at an annual rate of 5.9% at 5.9% in the third quarter, down from 6.6% in the second quarter. It peaked at a gain of 7% in the fourth quarter of last year. It's projected to fall to negative 0.3% in the third quarter of 2020, indicating a drop in remodeling activity.
Sales of furniture and home furnishings, meanwhile, were down 0.2% during the first nine months of this year compared to the same period of 2018, according to the Commerce Department. Sales at electronics and appliance retailers, whose merchandise includes refrigerators, washers and dryers, were down 3.9%. When people aren't buying new homes, they have fewer reasons to shop at those retailers.
The Commerce Department figures don't break out sales at small or independent retailers versus large chain stores. However, the trends at smaller businesses tend to mirror those of their larger competitors.
Follow Joyce Rosenberg at www.twitter.com/JoyceMRosenberg . Her work can be found here: https://apnews.com
by ISABEL DEBRE, Associated Press / Jan 16, 2021
DUBAI, United Arab Emirates (AP) — Dubai on Saturday unveiled the signature pavilion for the upcoming Expo 2020, the world's fair that is scheduled to open later this year even as the global pandemic that forced its postponement continues to rage.
The Terra Pavilion, which features a towering 130 meter-wide (426 feet) canopy blanketed with thousands of solar panels, is part of the sheikhdom's push to rally enthusiasm for the high-stakes expo amid the pandemic that has pummeled its economy. The massive structure, devoted to environmental sustainability, rises from the fairgrounds on the desert outskirts of Dubai, where construction workers still scurry around national pavilions in various stages of completion.
by DAVID KOENIG, Associated Press / Jan 15, 2021
Federal officials are investigating people who took part in the riot at the U.S. Capitol to determine whether they should be barred from traveling on airlines.
The assessments are one of several steps federal agencies are taking to increase security before President-elect Joe Biden's inauguration next week. The Transportation Security Administration said Friday it will put more air marshals on some flights, and travelers will see a noticeable increase in police officers, bomb-detecting dogs and random screening at all three major airports in the Washington, D.C., area.
WASHINGTON (AP) — A Massachusetts company has been granted approval to operate commercial drone flights without a person directing the machine and keeping it in sight.
It's the first time that the Federal Aviation Administration has allowed fully automated commercial drone flights.


Strand Cottage is a single-storey detached cottage in the coastal village of Derrybeg, County Donegal. The cottage has a double and a twin, a shower room, kitchen with breakfast bar and a sitting room with electric fire. Outside is off road parking and a courtyard garden with furniture. Strand Cottage is well placed for exploring the stunning Donegal coastline, or for visiting Derry, Glenveagh National Park or Letterkenny.
All ground floor. Two bedrooms: 1 x double, 1 x twin. Shower room with shower, basin and WC. Kitchen with breakfast bar. Sitting room with electric fire.