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Unique Parrot Training Ebooks
The Ultimate Guide To Raising Parrots
By Lewis Doty on Fri, 03 Jan 2020
Here's just a taste of what you'll discover. A complete guide to the parrot cage and how to easily maintain a healthy environment. The 5 things you must do before placing your parrot in his new home. What to feed your parrot and what not to give him! There is a ton of inaccurate info out there. I'll tell you the truth so you never have to wonder again! How to care for a single parrot and more than one! Why your parrot is squawking at you! You may be surprised to learn the answer to this. How to choose a healthy parrot from the store there are little known things to look for that the pet store owner's don't want you to know! The surefire signs of parrot illness that will tell you if your parrot needs medical attention. An entire chapter devoted to parrot illnesses and cures. Your parrot has the potential to completely recover from an illness, but it's not how you think. I'll show you the truth about curing your parrot. What species of parrots are more likely to learn to talk than others. A complete guide to all the accessories your parrot needs to be happy in his new home. A complete parrot first aid kit. This is an important one! The supplies in this kit just may save your parrots life! Where you should never place your parrot cage in your house. Put it here and it just might kill him! What to do if your parrot does get sick. There are several very important steps on caring for a sick parrot before you have the chance to take him to the vet. Just how many species you have to choose from in the parrot world. Probably a lot more than you think. The one location you should never place your parrots cage. Put his home here and youre nearly guaranteeing that hell develop emotional and physical problems. A crash course on parrot behavior. Knowing whats normal and healthy behavior and whats not! can help you provide the best possible care for your parrot. All about feeding your parrot, including tips on varying his diet to make sure his intestinal tract stays healthy. Continue reading...
The Ultimate Guide To Raising Parrots Summary
Contents: Ebooks
Author: Michael Joseph
Official Website: www.learnaboutparrots.com
My The Ultimate Guide To Raising Parrots Review
The writer presents a well detailed summery of the major headings. As a professional in this field, I must say that the points shared in this manual are precise.
This ebook does what it says, and you can read all the claims at his official website. I highly recommend getting this book.
Here are the four ebooks that you will find in Parrot Secrets and the essential Parrot knowledge you will find in each digital book. Book One : How to Get Your Parrot To Talk And Do Astonishing Tricks. Mute as a fish? Discover the best way to inspire your Parrot to talk more. How to use an under-estimated old powerful training technique that has just been rediscovered in the Parrot world. the Positive Reinforcement Technique. that will help you tremendously to teach your Parrot to say the funniest stuff in front of your friends and family, perhaps even within a few days or hours! Book Two : How To Get My Parrot To Love Me Some Basics To Start. Discover this expert bird training author's personal favorite solution on how to fix your Parrot's behavioral problems, that your Parrot will Love!. Lovingly Stop The Screaming! Watch the amount of light your Parrot gets. Exactly how many hours of sunlight should your Parrot get every day? Giving it more than the recommended number of hours of sunlight can make your Parrot start screaming! Right now, you could very well be unknowingly giving your Parrot much more sunlight than what it should be getting!. Does your Parrot scream? Or are you afraid that your Parrot might start screaming in the future? Find out more about a brilliant new technique to prevent your Parrot from screaming. You will also read about a real-life case study in which a bird that used to regularly scream upwards of 45 minutes at a stretch every day was trained to stop screaming altogether! How should you react to a screaming Parrot?. see the most common mistakes most Parrot owners make that only make this worse! Ook Three : A Happy Parrot Diet. A shiny, smart Parrot tip .How you can turn your Parrot into a glossy-looking, intelligent and bright bird just by modifying its diet. 11 secret psychological tricks (currently known only by the Top experts in this field) you can use to persuade and convince your Parrot to try a new and improved diet rich in nutrients even if your bird is extremely reluctant to shift to the new diet!. Too many seeds? What is the maximum percentage of your Parrot's diet that should be composed of seeds? If you exceed this percentage, it can have really harmful consequences for the health of your bird! Give 'em power veggies! What are the 2 vegetables that Must be included in your Parrot's diet? . Book Four : How To Choose Your First Parrot Wisely. The 5 different types of sellers where you can buy a Parrot. and how to choose which place is the best for You. Effective research tips. How to research before deciding on getting a Parrot. The 4 crucial store questions that you must ask any store from which you buy your Parrot . Continue reading...
Unique Parrot Training Ebooks Summary
Author: Nathalie Roberts
Official Website: www.parrotsecrets.com
Tree biology and how it influences woodland ecology
Last Updated on Mon, 15 Jul 2019 | Rain Forests
The genus Eucalyptus, which consists of around 500 species of trees and shrubs, has a native distribution largely confined to Australia, but extending into New Guinea, eastern Indonesia and Mindanao (Hora, 1981). Eucalypts show a most remarkable range of size and habitat and various species of this vigorous and adaptable tree, which evolved in isolation even from New Zealand, are now widely planted in many parts of the world, especially California which has the largest range of eucalypt species in the USA. The smallest is less than a metre in height, whereas mountain ash E. regnans can live for 300 years and is the tallest hardwood tree in the world, growing to more than 100 m on deeper well-watered soils in the foothills of Victoria, South Australia. The river red gum E. camaldulensis, a robust tree up to 35 m high, is found in most of Australia and can live for 500 years older trees shelter parrots in their cavities. Tasmanian blue gum E. globulus, which reaches 35-45 m in height,...
Algebraic Operations on Quantities
Last Updated on Fri, 11 Jul 2014 | Quantitative Ecology
Ratio and interval scale quantities are rescaled according to familiar algebraic rules. However, not all the operations possible for numbers apply to scaled quantities. Consequently, some care is needed in carrying out operations on scaled quantities, to avoiding multiplying cabbages by kingfishers, taking the logarithm of fungi, or adding parrots to percentages.
Consumerresource dynamics
Last Updated on Fri, 11 Jul 2014 | Wildlife Management
The use of a resource may be pre-emptive. An example is the use of nesting holes by parrots. Individuals are either winners or losers. On the other hand the use of a resource may be consumptive. All individuals have access to the resource and each individual's use of it reduces the level of the resource available to other individuals. An example is the use of plants by herbivores. We see that both pre-emptive and consumptive use of a resource removes a component of the resource from use by other individuals. Consumptive use removes the component permanently whereas pre-emptive use removes it temporarily.
Experimental management
These principles carry over to all other forms of comparison. We cannot conclude from two specimens that parrots of a given species have a higher hemoglobin count near the tops of mountains than at lower altitudes. We get no further forward by taking a number of blood samples (subsampling) from the two individuals. Instead, we must test the blood of several parrots from each zone, look at the variation within each group of parrots, and then calculate whether the average difference between groups is greater than the difference within groups. Hence, we must replicate. The arithmetic of such a comparison can be extracted from any book on statistical methods. That is the easy part. The difficult part is getting the logic right.
Socioeconomic Feature
Last Updated on Sun, 14 Oct 2018 | National Parks
The entire population (men and women) practice taboos against eating bongo, pygmy cape buffalo, bonobo, giant pangolin, congo peafowl, black-headed heron, tree hyrax, Egyptian mongoose, and African grey parrots, all of which are protected by the ancestors. When asked what methods of conservation the Iyaelima use today, they only identified one behavior, that of avoiding the use of toxic plants in the rivers. However, their chief may set a period of time when the people cannot use a part of the forest. This is a traditional practice that they do not define as conservation because their traditional practices have not been considered in their modern understanding of conservation.
Enhancing nestsites and the provision of nestboxes
Last Updated on Fri, 11 Jul 2014 | Breeding Season
Released parakeets, and wild males paired to released females, have readily accepted nest-boxes. The reluctance with which the wild Echo Parakeets have accepted nest-boxes is mirrored by the experience of others working with wild parrots. For example, efforts with three Amazona parrot species in Mexico, with St Lucia Parrots Amazona versicolor and Puerto Rican parrots have almost all failed (N. Snyder personal communication). However, by contrast, Blue and Gold Macaws Ara ararauna readily accepted nest-boxes (Munn 1992) as did Green-rumped Parrotlets Forpus passerinus (Beissinger and Bucher 1992). Nest-boxes increased the number of breeding pairs of the Green-rumped Parrotlet, and were more secure than natural holes. Birds nesting in boxes had more frequent and larger broods. This is a common finding with nest-boxes where predation rates are often lower. In addition cavity size may influence clutch and brood size.
Threats to Bonobo Conservation in the Lake Tumba Lake Maindombe Hinterland
Last Updated on Thu, 12 May 2016 | National Parks
Colom et al. (2006) also found an important trade in live animals involving diurnal animals, included bonobos, golden-bellied mangabeys, Angolan-pied colo-bus and birds such grey parrots, diverse species of eagles, and kingfishers. For example, all bonobos confiscated either in Mbandaka (4 individuals in 2005 WWF unpublished data), Bikoro (1 individual WWF unpublished data), Kinshasa and Paris (1 individual, Jane Goodall Institute 2005) in the recent past had been
Influence of herbivores
Last Updated on Sat, 30 Nov 2019 | Rain Forests | 2 comments
The evolution of herbivores is strongly influenced by the food available to them, a point well illustrated by comparing relative beak sizes of the birds of temperate forests with those of tropical forests, whose beaks are considerably larger. The diversity of tropical birds is also larger, a fact related to the greater diversity of foods available, particularly of large insects (Terborgh, 1992). Species utilizing the same pool of resources are referred to as a guild. These are often (but not always) made up of closely related species, such as the parrots in the Amazonian forests that form a guild of arboreal seed eaters. The smallest of these parrots is the size of a sparrow - the green-rumped parrotlet (Forpus passerinus), with the rather larger parakeets, the full-sized parrots, and finally the majestic macaws, following in a sequence of birds able to deal with successively larger seeds. The diminutive parakeets feed on fig seeds, discarding the pulp, whereas the beaks of the larger...
Wallace Alfred Russel
Wed, 12 Jul 2017 | Natural History
When he finally returned to rejoin Bates downriver, he found that his beloved younger brother Herbert had traveled across the world to join the adventure and had just died of yellow fever in Bates's camp. Grief-stricken, exhausted, and suffering from malaria himself, Wallace boarded the next ship for England. With him went his precious notebooks and sketches, an immense collection of preserved insects, birds, and reptiles, and a menagerie of live parrots, monkeys, and other jungle creatures. As Wallace was suffering a new attack of malaria at sea, the ship suddenly burst into flames off Bermuda. He was able to grab only a few notebooks as he dragged himself into a lifeboat. Everything else burned or sank beneath the waves, but he was rescued after a few days by a passing ship.
The cagebird trade
Last Updated on Fri, 11 Jul 2014 | Breeding Areas
An estimated 2-5 million birds of many different species are trapped worldwide each year for the cage-bird trade, large numbers of which are transported for sale elsewhere. Some apparent vagrants might therefore be escapees that are reported at varying dates and distances after their escape. It is often possible to tell if a bird has been kept in captivity for a long time, but this is much less easy for a bird that escaped soon after capture, or had lived in the wild long enough to moult before being noticed. Again, however, such processes are unlikely to account for the appearance of the same species at the same offshore islands in numbers at about the same dates every year. Most cage birds are passerines or parrots, and other species, such as waders, are kept in captivity only by a very small number of specialists. In addition, in some parts of the world, including North America, almost no native birds are caged or exported, except small numbers for scientific purposes. Yet vagrancy...
Reintroduction
Last Updated on Tue, 17 Feb 2015 | Breeding Season
Reintroductions have received a great deal of attention due to their high profile nature (Fyfe 1978 Cade 2000). The reintroduction of some species works well (birds of prey), and others have proven problematic (parrots, hornbills, and some passerines). Successes are becoming more frequent, as we learn more about the needs of different species. There are several different release techniques, of which fostering and cross-fostering of eggs and young have already been described. Other release processes can be divided into hard or soft releases. The hard release (also termed abrupt release) is when the bird is released without any preliminary conditioning to the area and is not given any support thereafter, on the assumption that it will be able to look after itself. Many early reintroductions were of this type and were characterized by a high failure rate. As a rule, hard releases are best avoided. Once the birds have been free for a designated period, food and water are gradually reduced...
The application of techniques, such as fostering, and cross fostering of eggs and young, works best with species that have high nest success (e.g. raptors, cranes, and parrots). With many other species the levels of nest failure in the wild are too high to justify the investment of time and energy. A broader approach to population management is often more appropriate, including, for example, Released animals can be managed at liberty and this offers opportunities for re-establishing species that may otherwise be difficult to reintroduce. The Spix Macaw Cyanopsitta spixii is now extinct in the wild, but there are about 70 birds in captivity. It has been proposed to release captive bred birds but this may prove difficult, because large parrots may rely to some extent on cultural transmission of information across generations, and with no wild birds left such learning will not be possible. Intensive management of released birds, with close guarding and provision of food, nest-sites and...
Official Download Link The Ultimate Guide To Raising Parrots
There is no place where you can download The Ultimate Guide To Raising Parrots for free and also you should not channel your time and effort into something illegal.


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Digital Commons @ USF > USF Administration > USF St. Petersburg campus Administration & History > USF St. Petersburg campus University History > USF St. Petersburg campus University History: Campus > USF St. Petersburg campus University History: Campus Publications > Crow's Nest > 415
Crow's Nest
Crow's Nest : 1998 : 03 : 16
University of South Florida St. Petersburg.
(Vol. 7, No. 5). Improper issue on masthead.
8 p. in original version of issue.
University of South Florida St. Petersburg., "Crow's Nest : 1998 : 03 : 16" (1998). Crow's Nest. 415.
https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/crows_nest/415

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Robbie is wearing his new sloth sweater. We met a sweet family for supper tonight. It was actually cold in Houston this evening. Dropped into the 40's.
So happy that you are meeting new people and gathering for dinner! What a cute, young girl!
Thanks. Very nice family that we met at the family cancer dinner.


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Denver Mint
Colorado State Register of Historic Properties
West Colfax Avenue and Delaware Street, Denver, Colorado
39°44′23″N 104°59′30.17″W / 39.73972°N 104.9917139°W / 39.73972; -104.9917139Coordinates: 39°44′23″N 104°59′30.17″W / 39.73972°N 104.9917139°W / 39.73972; -104.9917139
James Knox Taylor
Late 19th and 20th century revivals, other
CSRHP #
5DV.164
The Denver Mint is a branch of the United States Mint that struck its first coins on February 1, 1906.[2] The mint is still operating and producing coins for circulation, as well as mint sets and commemorative coins. Coins produced at the Denver Mint bear a D mint mark (not to be confused with the mark of the Dahlonega Mint). The Denver Mint is the single largest producer of coins in the world.[citation needed].
1.1 Clark, Gruber & Co.
1.2 Act of Congress 1862
2 The mint in popular culture
Clark, Gruber & Co.[edit]
Clark, Gruber & Company gold coins on display at the History Colorado Center—a pair of $10 coins at left, and $20 coins at right, also known as eagles and double eagles, respectively
The predecessors of the Denver Mint were the men of Clark, Gruber and Company. During the Pikes Peak Gold Rush, they coined gold dust brought from the gold fields by the miners. In 1858, Austin M. Clark, Milton E. Clark and Emanuel Henry Gruber founded a brokerage firm in Leavenworth, Kansas, and then established an office in Denver at the beginning of the Colorado Gold Rush. Desiring to save on shipping and insurance costs associated with shipping gold back east, the firm opened a private mint. On 25 July 1860, the mint opened in a two-story brick building on the corner of Market and 16th Streets, minting $10 gold pieces at the rate of "fifteen or twenty coins a minute". "On the face is a representation of the peak, its base surrounded by a forest of timber and 'Pikes Peak Gold' encircling the summit. Immediately under its base is the word 'Denver', and beneath it 'Ten D.'. On the reverse is the American Eagle encircled by the name of the firm 'Clark, Gruber & Co.', and beneath the date, '1860'."[3]:26–27
A $20 gold coin was added, "the weight will be greater, but the value the same as the United States coin of like denomination". A $5 and a $2.5 gold coin were added, with production reaching $18,000 per week. On the front was the "head of the Goddess of Liberty surrounded by thirteen stars, with "Clark & Company" in the tiara. "Pikes's Peak Gold, Denver" was on the other side, with "5D." or "2 1/2 D."[3]:27
In the almost three years of operation, they minted $594,305 worth of Pike's Peak Gold in the form of gold coins. Additionally, they purchased 77,000 troy ounces of raw gold, and shipped "large amounts of dust" to the Philadelphia Mint; the building, assaying and minting equipment was formally bought by the US Treasury in April 1863. Clark, Gruber & Co. remained a bank until bought by the First National Bank of Denver in 1865.[3]:27
Act of Congress 1862[edit]
The Denver Mint in a May 1972 photograph
Established by an Act of Congress on April 21, 1862, the United States Mint at Denver opened for business in late 1863 as a United States Assay Office. Operations began in the facilities of Clark, Gruber and Company, located at 16th and Market Streets and acquired by the government for $25,000, which it was simply able to print off at the location.
Unlike Clark, Gruber and Company, though, the Denver plant performed no coinage of gold as first intended.[3]:77 One reason given by the Director of the Mint for the lack of coinage at Denver was, "…the hostility of the Indian tribes along the routes, doubtless instigated by rebel emissaries (there being a Civil War) and bad white men."
Gold and nuggets brought there by miners from the surrounding area were accepted by the Assay Office for melting, assaying, and stamping of cast gold bars; the bars were then returned to the depositors as imparted bars stamped with the weight and fineness of the gold. Most of the gold came from the rich beds of placer gold found in the streams and first discovered in 1858, the same year Denver was founded.
When the supply of gold was exhausted from the streams, the emphasis turned to lode mining, uncovering veins of ore with a high percentage of gold and silver. By 1859, the yearly value of the gold and silver deposited at the Assay Office was over $5.6 million. During its early years as an Assay Office, the Denver plant was the city's most substantial structure.
The United States Treasury did not expand its smelting and refining operations at the same rate as the discovery and production of gold. In 1872 a group of businessmen led by Judge Hiram Bond (formerly one of the largest brokers on the New York Gold Exchange), Joseph Miner and Denver Mayor Joseph E. Bates set up a firm Denver Smelting and Refining Works which built an independent complementary plant which processed ore into ingots which were then assayed, weighed and stamped by the Denver Mint.
There was new hope for branch mint status when Congress provided for the establishment of a mint at Denver for gold and silver coin production; the site for the new mint at West Colfax and Delaware streets was purchased on April 22, 1896, for approximately $60,000. Construction began in 1897.
Appropriations to complete and equip the plant were insufficient, and the transfer of assay operations to the new building were delayed until September 1, 1904. Coinage operations finally began on February 1, 1906, advancing the status of the Denver facility to Branch Mint. In addition, before the new machinery to be used at the Mint was installed for use, it was first sent to the St. Louis Exposition of 1904 for display. Silver coins were minted in Denver for the first time in 1906. During the first year, 167 million coins were produced, including $20 gold (double eagle) coins, $10 gold (eagle) coins, $5 gold (half eagle) coins, and assorted denominations of silver coins.
The mint in popular culture[edit]
The Denver Mint is mentioned in The Andy Griffith Show episode "A Black Day for Mayberry". (The route of an armored car traveling from Denver to Fort Knox took it through Mayberry, in North Carolina.)
The Denver Mint is featured in the 1993 Sylvester Stallone film Cliffhanger, as the production point of the money stolen in the film, and the departure point for the plane.
The Mint is mentioned in both the title and lyrics of the Jimmy Eat World song "Lucky Denver Mint".
The Denver Mint appears anachronistically in the 1870s in the 1967 The Wild Wild West episode "The Night of the Circus of Death".
Similarly to above, The Mint is also anachronistically set in the 1870s in the 1960 Shotgun Slade episode "The Missing Train".
Also, the 1960 episode "Cold Hard Cash" of The Rifleman, which was set a few years after the Civil War, involves $100,000 cash, supposedly stolen during "the big robbery at the Denver Mint". (A robbery which netted approximately $200,000 did actually occur at the mint in 1922.)
Numismatics portal
Money portal
Gold mining in Colorado
List of Mints
Historical United States mints
Silver mining in Colorado
^ "United States Mint at Denver Celebrates 100 Years of Change". The United States Mint. Retrieved Jun 20, 2009.
^ a b c d Voynick, S. M. (1992). Colorado Gold: From the Pike's Peak Rush to the Present. Missoula, Mont.: Mountain Press Publishing Company. ISBN 0878424555. OCLC 314614194.
"History of the Denver Mint". Fact Sheets: Currency & Coins. U.S. Treasury Department. Archived from the original on January 3, 2007. Retrieved March 17, 2017.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Denver Mint.
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City and County of Denver
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Denver_Mint&oldid=898912096"
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Leavenworth, Kansas
Leavenworth is the county seat and largest city of Leavenworth County, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 35,251. Located on the west bank of the Missouri River; the site of Fort Leavenworth, built in 1827, the city became known in American history for its role as a key supply base in the settlement of the American West. It is important in nineteenth-century African-American history. During the American Civil War, many volunteers joined the Union Army from Leavenworth. In 1866, the 10th Regiment of Cavalry, an all-black unit within the U. S. Army, was stood up at Fort Leavenworth; the city has been notable as the location of several prisons the United States Disciplinary Barracks and United States Penitentiary, Leavenworth. Leavenworth, founded in 1854, was the first city incorporated in the territory of Kansas; the city developed south of Fort Leavenworth, established as Cantonment Leavenworth in 1827 by Colonel Henry Leavenworth. Its location on the Missouri River attracted refugee African-American slaves in the antebellum years, who were seeking freedom from the slave state of Missouri across the river.
Abolition supporters helped. In the years before the American Civil War, Leavenworth was a hotbed of anti-slavery and pro-slavery agitation leading to open physical confrontations on the street and in public meetings. On April 3, 1858, the "Leavenworth Constitution" for the state of Kansas was adopted here. Although the federal government never approved this early version of the state constitution, it was considered one of the most radical of the four constitutions drafted for the new territory because it recognized freed blacks as citizens. Refugee African Americans continued to settle in the city during the war. By 1865 it had attracted nearly one-fifth of the 12,000 blacks in the state. Charles Henry Langston was an African-American leader from Boston who worked and lived in Leavenworth and northeast Kansas in the Reconstruction era and afterward. In Kansas, Langston worked for black suffrage and the right of African Americans to sit on juries, testify in court, have their children educated in common schools.
African Americans gained suffrage in 1870 after passage of the federal 15th constitutional amendment, the legislature voted for their right to sit on juries in 1874. African Americans continued to migrate to the state of Kansas after the war. There were a total of 17,108 African Americans in Kansas in 1870, with 43,107 in 1880, 52,003 by 1900. Most lived in urban areas. Following months of assaults on young white women in late 1900, in which witnesses had identified a "large white man" and a "slight black man" as having been seen in the vicinity of the attacks, Fred Alexander, a 22-year-old black veteran of the Spanish–American War, was arrested on circumstantial evidence for the attacks; the police had moved him to the penitentiary during questioning, but a lynch mob was forming in Leavenworth. The sheriff needed to bring him to Leavenworth for arraignment at the county court, he refused the governor's offer of state militia, was unable to protect the prisoner. On January 15, 1901, Alexander was taken from jail by a mob of 5,000 people and to the site of the murder of Pearl Forbes, where he was brutally lynched: burned alive.
He protested his innocence to the end. An inquest concluded he had been killed by "persons unknown", his family refused to claim his body for burial. His father Alfred Alexander, an exoduster, said "The people have mutilated him, now let them bury him." The city arranged burial. African Americans in the region were horrified at Alexander's murder by the mob and created the first state chapter of the Afro-American Council the only national organization working for civil rights. In 1972 Benjamin Day became the city's first African-American mayor. Day had been elected to the City Commission one year earlier. Leavenworth appoints its mayor from among the members of the Commission, Day was named mayor in 1971. Day was a former principal in Leavenworth. Fort Leavenworth was located outside the city limits until its territory was annexed by the city on April 12, 1977. In 2008, an underground series of "vaults" was found in the city built during the late 19th century. Leavenworth is located at 39°18′40″N 94°55′21″W at an elevation of 840 feet.
Located in northeastern Kansas at the junction of U. S. Route 73 and Kansas Highway 92, Leavenworth is 25 mi northwest of downtown Kansas City, 145 mi south-southeast of Omaha, 165 mi northeast of Wichita; the city lies on the west bank of the Missouri River in the Dissected Till Plains region of North America's Central Lowlands. Four small tributaries of the river flow east through the city. From north to south, these are Quarry Creek, Corral Creek, Three Mile Creek, Five Mile Creek. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 24.06 square miles, of which, 24.04 square miles is land and 0.02 square miles is water. Fort Leavenworth occupies the northern half of the city's area. Leavenworth, along with the rest of Leavenworth County, lies within the Kansas City metropolitan area. Lansing, Kansas, is located to the south. Leavenworth experiences a humid continental climate, with hot, humid summers and cold, drier winters. On average, January is the coldest month, July is the hottest month, June is the wettest month.
The average temperature in Leavenworth is 55.2 °F or 12.9 °C. Over the course of a year, temperatures range from an average low of 19 °F or −7.2 °C in January to an average high of 90
Eagle (United States coin)
The eagle was a United States $10 gold coin issued by the United States Mint from 1792 to 1933. The eagle was the largest of the five main decimal base-units of denomination used for circulating coinage in the United States prior to 1933, the year when gold was withdrawn from circulation; these five main base-units of denomination were the mill, the cent, the dime, the dollar, the eagle, where a dime is 10 cents, a dollar is 10 dimes, an eagle is 10 dollars. The eagle base-unit of denomination served as the basis of the gold quarter-eagle, the gold half-eagle, the eagle, the double-eagle coins. With the exceptions of the gold dollar coin, the gold three-dollar coin, the three-cent nickel, the five-cent nickel, the unit of denomination of coinage prior to 1933 was conceptually linked to the precious or semi-precious metal that constituted a majority of the alloy used in that coin. In this regard the United States followed long-standing European practice of different base-unit denominations for different precious and semi-precious metals.
In the United States, the cent was the base-unit of denomination in copper. The dime and dollar were the base-units of denomination in silver; the eagle was the base-unit of denomination in gold although, unlike "cent", "dime", "dollar", gold coins never specified their denomination in units of "eagles". Thus, a double eagle showed its value as "twenty dollars" rather than "two eagles"; the United States' circulating eagle denomination from the late 18th century to first third of the 20th century should not be confused with the American Eagle bullion coins which are manufactured from silver or gold, platinum, or palladium. Gold eagles were issued for circulation by the United States Mint from 1795–1933, half eagles from 1795–1929, quarter eagles from 1796–1929, double eagles from 1850–1933, with occasional production gaps for each type; the diameter of eagles was 27 mm, half eagles 21 mm, quarter eagles 17 mm, double eagles 34 mm. The purity of all circulating gold coins in the United States was eleven twelfths pure gold and one twelfth alloy.
Under U. S. law, the alloy was composed only of silver and copper, with silver limited to no more than half of the alloy by weight. Thus, U. S. gold coins had 22/24 pure gold, at most 1/24 silver, with the remaining one–two 24ths copper. The weight of circulating, standard gold, eagles was set at 270 grains, half eagles at 135 grains, quarter eagles at 67.5 grains. This resulted in the eagle containing 0.5156 troy ounces of pure gold. In 1834, the mint's 15:1 legal valuation of gold to silver was changed to 16:1, the metal weight-content standards for both gold and silver coins were changed, because at the old value ratio and weight content, it was profitable to export and melt U. S gold coins; as a result, the specification for standard gold was lowered from 22 karat to.8992 fine. In 1837 a small change in the fineness of the gold was made, the alloy was again defined as silver and copper, with silver capped at no more than half; the new 1837 standard for the eagle was 258 grains of.900 fine gold, with other coins proportionately sized.
Between 1838 and 1840, the silver content was reduced to zero—the eagle in 1838, half eagle in 1839, quarter eagle in 1840,—resulting in U. S. gold coins being 10 % copper. Using only copper as the alloy in gold coins matched longstanding English practice; the 1837 standard resulted in a gold content of only 0.9675 troy ounces of gold per double eagle and 0.48375 troy ounces for the eagle. It would be used for all circulating gold coins until U. S. gold coin circulation was halted in 1933. As part of its Modern United States commemorative coins program the United States mint has issued several commemorative eagle coins. In 1984, an eagle was issued to commemorate the Summer Olympics, in 2003 to commemorate the Wright brothers first flight at Kitty Hawk; the pre-1933.900 fine gold standard was restored, this would be used in half-eagle gold commemoratives as well. The coins would be identical in fineness and size to their pre-1933 counterparts of the same face value. In 2000 a unique eagle, the 2000 Library of Congress bimetallic ten dollar coin, was issued commemorating the Library of Congress.
Turban head 1795–1804 Turban Head, small eagle 1795–1797 Turban Head, large eagle 1797–1804 Liberty Head 1838–1907 Coronet, without motto 1838–1866 Coronet, with motto 1866–1907 Indian Head 1907–1933 American Gold Eagle American Buffalo American Silver Eagle American Platinum Eagle American Palladium Eagle Double Eagle Half Eagle The English eagle, a 13th-century coin outlawed under Edward I US Gold Eagle by year and type. Histories and more. American Eagle production numbers
An anachronism is a chronological inconsistency in some arrangement a juxtaposition of persons, objects, or customs from different periods of time. The most common type of anachronism is an object misplaced in time, but it may be a verbal expression, a technology, a philosophical idea, a musical style, a material, a plant or animal, a custom, or anything else associated with a particular period in time, placed outside its proper temporal domain. An anachronism may be either unintentional. Intentional anachronisms may be introduced into a literary or artistic work to help a contemporary audience engage more with a historical period. Anachronism can be used for purposes of rhetoric, comedy, or shock. Unintentional anachronisms may occur when a writer, artist, or performer is unaware of differences in technology, customs, attitudes, or fashions between different historical eras. A parachronism is anything that appears in a time period in which it is not found; this may be an object, idiomatic expression, philosophical idea, musical style, custom, or anything else so bound to a particular time period as to seem strange when encountered in a era.
They may be ideas that were once common but are now considered rare or inappropriate. They can take outdated fashion or idioms. Examples of parachronisms could include a suburban housewife in the United States around 1960 using a washboard for laundry. A parachronism is identified when a work based on a particular era's state of knowledge is read within the context of a era—with a different state of knowledge. Many scientific works that rely on theories that have been discredited have become anachronistic with the removal of those underpinnings, works of speculative fiction find their speculations outstripped by real-world technological developments or scientific discoveries. A prochronism is an impossible anachronism which occurs when an object or idea has not yet been invented when the situation takes place, therefore could not have existed at the time. A prochronism may be an object not yet developed, a verbal expression that had not yet been coined, a philosophy not yet formulated, a breed of animal not yet evolved, or use of a technology that had not yet been created.
The well-known stories of the One Thousand and One Nights contain a manifest anachronism: in the frame story, the tales are narrated to King Shahryār, presented as a member of the Persian Sassanid Dynasty, by his wife Scheherazade - yet many of the stories she tells relate to the historical Abbasid caliph Harun al-Rashid, his Grand Vizier, Jafar al-Barmaki, his contemporary the famous poet Abu Nuwas, all of whom lived some 200 years after the fall of the Sassanids. The intentional use of older obsolete cultural artifacts may be regarded as anachronistic. For example, it could be considered anachronistic for a modern-day person to wear a top hat, write with a quill, or carry on a conversation in Latin; such choices may reflect an aesthetic preference. Some writings and works of art promoting a political, nationalist or revolutionary cause use anachronism to depict an institution or custom as being more ancient than it is. For example, the 19th-century Romanian painter Constantin Lecca depicts the peace agreement between Ioan Bogdan Voievod and Radu Voievod—two leaders in Romania's 16th-century history—with the flags of Moldavia and of Wallachia seen in the background.
These flags date only from the 1830s. Here anachronism promotes legitimacy for the unification of Moldavia and Wallachia into the Kingdom of Romania at the time the painting was made. Anachronism is used in works of imagination that rest on a historical basis. Anachronisms may be introduced in many ways: for example, in the disregard of the different modes of life and thought that characterize different periods, or in ignorance of the progress of the arts and sciences and other facts of history, they vary from glaring inconsistencies to scarcely perceptible misrepresentation. It is only since the close of the 18th century that this kind of deviation from historical reality has jarred on a general audience. Sir Walter Scott justified the use of anachronism in historical literature: "It is necessary, for exciting interest of any kind, that the subject assumed should be, as it were, translated into the manners as well as the language of the age we live in." However, as fashions move on, such attempts to use anachronisms to engage an audience may have quite the reverse effect, as the details in question are recognized as belonging neither to the historical era being represented, nor to the present, but to the intervening period in which the artwork was created.
"Nothing becomes obsolete like a period vision of an older period", writes Anthony Grafton. Ludwig van Beethoven! Come in and practice your piano now!' We are jerked from our suspension of disbelief by what was intended as a means of reinforcing it, plunged directly into the American bourgeois world of the filmmaker."Anachronism can be an aesthetic choice. Anachronisms abou
James Knox Taylor was Supervising Architect of the United States Department of the Treasury from 1897 to 1912. His name is listed ex officio as supervising architect of hundreds of federal buildings built throughout the United States during the period; the son of H. Knox and Mary Taylor, he was born in Knoxville and attended schools in Minnesota, he attended Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he was a classmate of William Martin Aiken, who would precede him in the position of Supervisory Architect, Cass Gilbert. After graduation, he worked in the New York City office of Charles C. Haight and with Bruce Price. In 1882 he moved to St. Paul, Minnesota where he formed a partnership with Gilbert, as Gilbert & Taylor, they built many churches. Subsequently, they designed the Endicott Buildings. In 1893 he formed a partnership with Amos J. Boyden. In 1895 he got a job with the Supervisory Architect, as a temporary draftsman. In 1897, following a Civil Service Commission examination, he became the Supervisory Architect, the first architect promoted from within.
In 1893 Missouri Congressman John Charles Tarsney introduced a bill that allowed the Supervisory Architect to hold competitions among private architects for major structures. Competitions under Taylor's supervision included the Alexander Hamilton U. S. Custom House, James Farley Post Office, Cleveland Federal Building, U. S. Post Office and Courthouse and U. S. Customhouse among others; the competitions were met with enthusiasm by the community but were marred by scandal, as when Taylor picked his ex-partner Cass Gilbert for the New York Customs House commission. In 1913 the act was repealed. In 1912, Taylor returned to MIT for two years as director of the department of architecture moved to Yonkers, New York, where for several years he continued practicing. In 1928, he retired to Tampa, where he died the following year. From 1897 through 1912 Taylor is credited as "supervising architect" for federal buildings constructed during his tenure, a list which includes dozens of post offices, court houses and other structures.
Local architects are credited as well. As the head of a sizable government office, Taylor's direct involvement with any of these projects is open to question. A partial list of these works include: Ellis Island Immigrant Hospital, 1908 Pioneer and Endicott Buildings, St. Paul, Minnesota, 1890 Denver Mint, Denver, 1897 United States Post Office, 1901 Philadelphia Mint, Philadelphia, 1901 Old Post Office, 1901 Gatke Hall, now part of Willamette University, Oregon, 1901 United States Courthouse Building and Downtown Postal Station, 1902–1905 Public Safety Building, Maryland, 1904 United States Post Office and Courthouse, Fergus Falls, Minnesota, 1904 United States Post Office, Niagara Falls, New York, 1904 U. S. Post Office and Court House, San Francisco, now the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, 1905 U. S. Post Office, 1906 U. S. Custom House, Houston 1907–1911 Old Post Office, 1908 Old Post Office/Museum of Ceramics, 1908 Gainesville, Florida Post Office, 1909 Webster City, Iowa Post Office, 1909 U.
S. Post Office, 1910 Post Office Building, 1910 U. S. Post Office and Courthouse, 1910–12 U. S. Post Office, 1911 U. S. Post Office, 1910 U. S. Post Office, Maine, 1911 United States Post Office, 1911–1913 United States Post Office Mineral Wells, Texas, 1911–1913 Alaska Governor's Mansion, Alaska, 1912 United States Post Office, 1912 United States Post Office, New York, 1912–1913 United States Post Office, Pennsylvania, 1912–1914 Media related to James Knox Taylor at Wikimedia Commons
The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States and its territories per the United States Constitution since 1792. In practice, the dollar is divided into 100 smaller cent units, but is divided into 1000 mills for accounting; the circulating paper money consists of Federal Reserve Notes that are denominated in United States dollars. Since the suspension in 1971 of convertibility of paper U. S. currency into any precious metal, the U. S. dollar is, de facto, fiat money. As it is the most used in international transactions, the U. S. dollar is the world's primary reserve currency. Several countries use it as their official currency, in many others it is the de facto currency. Besides the United States, it is used as the sole currency in two British Overseas Territories in the Caribbean: the British Virgin Islands and Turks and Caicos Islands. A few countries use the Federal Reserve Notes for paper money, while still minting their own coins, or accept U. S. dollar coins. As of June 27, 2018, there are $1.67 trillion in circulation, of which $1.62 trillion is in Federal Reserve notes.
Article I, Section 8 of the U. S. Constitution provides that the Congress has the power "To coin money". Laws implementing this power are codified at 31 U. S. C. § 5112. Section 5112 prescribes the forms; these coins are both designated in Section 5112 as "legal tender" in payment of debts. The Sacagawea dollar is one example of the copper alloy dollar; the pure silver dollar is known as the American Silver Eagle. Section 5112 provides for the minting and issuance of other coins, which have values ranging from one cent to 100 dollars; these other coins are more described in Coins of the United States dollar. The Constitution provides that "a regular Statement and Account of the Receipts and Expenditures of all public Money shall be published from time to time"; that provision of the Constitution is made specific by Section 331 of Title 31 of the United States Code. The sums of money reported in the "Statements" are being expressed in U. S. dollars. The U. S. dollar may therefore be described as the unit of account of the United States.
The word "dollar" is one of the words in the first paragraph of Section 9 of Article I of the Constitution. There, "dollars" is a reference to the Spanish milled dollar, a coin that had a monetary value of 8 Spanish units of currency, or reales. In 1792 the U. S. Congress passed a Coinage Act. Section 9 of that act authorized the production of various coins, including "DOLLARS OR UNITS—each to be of the value of a Spanish milled dollar as the same is now current, to contain three hundred and seventy-one grains and four sixteenth parts of a grain of pure, or four hundred and sixteen grains of standard silver". Section 20 of the act provided, "That the money of account of the United States shall be expressed in dollars, or units... and that all accounts in the public offices and all proceedings in the courts of the United States shall be kept and had in conformity to this regulation". In other words, this act designated the United States dollar as the unit of currency of the United States. Unlike the Spanish milled dollar, the U.
S. dollar is based upon a decimal system of values. In addition to the dollar the coinage act established monetary units of mill or one-thousandth of a dollar, cent or one-hundredth of a dollar, dime or one-tenth of a dollar, eagle or ten dollars, with prescribed weights and composition of gold, silver, or copper for each, it was proposed in the mid-1800s that one hundred dollars be known as a union, but no union coins were struck and only patterns for the $50 half union exist. However, only cents are in everyday use as divisions of the dollar. XX9 per gallon, e.g. $3.599, more written as $3.599⁄10. When issued in circulating form, denominations equal to or less than a dollar are emitted as U. S. coins while denominations equal to or greater than a dollar are emitted as Federal Reserve notes. Both one-dollar coins and notes are produced today, although the note form is more common. In the past, "paper money" was issued in denominations less than a dollar and gold coins were issued for circulation up to the value of $20.
The term eagle was used in the Coinage Act of 1792 for the denomination of ten dollars, subsequently was used in naming gold coins. Paper currency less than one dollar in denomination, known as "fractional currency", was sometimes pejoratively referred to as "shinplasters". In 1854, James Guthrie Secretary of the Treasury, proposed creating $100, $50 and $25 gold coins, which were referred to as a "Union", "Half Union", "Quarter Union", thus implying a denomination of 1 Union = $100. Today, USD notes are made from cotton fiber paper, unlike most common paper, made of wood fiber. U. S. coins are produced by the United States Mint. U. S. dollar banknotes are printed by the Bureau of Engraving and Printing and, since 1914, have been issued by t
Silver is a chemical element with symbol Ag and atomic number 47. A soft, lustrous transition metal, it exhibits the highest electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, reflectivity of any metal; the metal is found in the Earth's crust in the pure, free elemental form, as an alloy with gold and other metals, in minerals such as argentite and chlorargyrite. Most silver is produced as a byproduct of copper, gold and zinc refining. Silver has long been valued as a precious metal. Silver metal is used in many bullion coins, sometimes alongside gold: while it is more abundant than gold, it is much less abundant as a native metal, its purity is measured on a per-mille basis. As one of the seven metals of antiquity, silver has had an enduring role in most human cultures. Other than in currency and as an investment medium, silver is used in solar panels, water filtration, ornaments, high-value tableware and utensils, in electrical contacts and conductors, in specialized mirrors, window coatings, in catalysis of chemical reactions, as a colorant in stained glass and in specialised confectionery.
Its compounds are used in X-ray film. Dilute solutions of silver nitrate and other silver compounds are used as disinfectants and microbiocides, added to bandages and wound-dressings and other medical instruments. Silver is similar in its physical and chemical properties to its two vertical neighbours in group 11 of the periodic table and gold, its 47 electrons are arranged in the configuration 4d105s1 to copper and gold. This distinctive electron configuration, with a single electron in the highest occupied s subshell over a filled d subshell, accounts for many of the singular properties of metallic silver. Silver is an soft and malleable transition metal, though it is less malleable than gold. Silver crystallizes in a face-centered cubic lattice with bulk coordination number 12, where only the single 5s electron is delocalized to copper and gold. Unlike metals with incomplete d-shells, metallic bonds in silver are lacking a covalent character and are weak; this observation explains the low high ductility of single crystals of silver.
Silver has a brilliant white metallic luster that can take a high polish, and, so characteristic that the name of the metal itself has become a colour name. Unlike copper and gold, the energy required to excite an electron from the filled d band to the s-p conduction band in silver is large enough that it no longer corresponds to absorption in the visible region of the spectrum, but rather in the ultraviolet. Protected silver has greater optical reflectivity than aluminium at all wavelengths longer than ~450 nm. At wavelengths shorter than 450 nm, silver's reflectivity is inferior to that of aluminium and drops to zero near 310 nm. High electrical and thermal conductivity is common to the elements in group 11, because their single s electron is free and does not interact with the filled d subshell, as such interactions lower electron mobility; the electrical conductivity of silver is the greatest of all metals, greater than copper, but it is not used for this property because of the higher cost.
An exception is in radio-frequency engineering at VHF and higher frequencies where silver plating improves electrical conductivity because those currents tend to flow on the surface of conductors rather than through the interior. During World War II in the US, 13540 tons of silver were used in electromagnets for enriching uranium because of the wartime shortage of copper. Pure silver has the highest thermal conductivity of any metal, although the conductivity of carbon and superfluid helium-4 are higher. Silver has the lowest contact resistance of any metal. Silver forms alloys with copper and gold, as well as zinc. Zinc-silver alloys with low zinc concentration may be considered as face-centred cubic solid solutions of zinc in silver, as the structure of the silver is unchanged while the electron concentration rises as more zinc is added. Increasing the electron concentration further leads to body-centred cubic, complex cubic, hexagonal close-packed phases. Occurring silver is composed of two stable isotopes, 107Ag and 109Ag, with 107Ag being more abundant.
This equal abundance is rare in the periodic table. The atomic weight is 107.8682 u. Both isotopes of silver are produced in stars via the s-process, as well as in supernovas via the r-process. Twenty-eight radioisotopes have been characterized, the most stable being 105Ag with a half-life of 41.29 days, 111Ag with a half-life of 7.45 days, 112Ag with a half-life of 3.13 hours. Silver has numerous nuclear isomers, the most stable being 108mAg, 110mAg and 106mAg. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives of less than an hour, the majority of these have half-lives of less than three minutes. Isotopes of silver range in relative atomic mass from 92.950 u
National Register of Historic Places [videos]
The National Register of Historic Places is the United States federal government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects deemed worthy of preservation for their historical significance. A property listed in the National Register, or located within a National …
Old Slater Mill, a historic district in Pawtucket, Rhode Island, was the first property listed in the National Register, on November 13, 1966.
The tomb of Martin Luther King Jr. in Atlanta, Georgia is part of a National Historic Site and automatically listed on the National Register.
Denver [videos]
Denver, officially the City and County of Denver, is the capital and most populous municipality of the U.S. state of Colorado. Denver is located in the South Platte River Valley on the western edge of the High Plains just east of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains. The Denver downtown …
Former Kansas Territorial Governor James W. Denver visited his namesake city in 1875 and in 1882.
The "Bronco Buster", a variation of Frederic Remington's "Bronco Buster" western sculpture at the Denver capitol grounds, a gift from J.K. Mullen in 1920
Panorama print of Denver, 1898
Downtown Denver cityscape, 1964. Includes Denver's oldest church (Trinity United Methodist), first building of the Mile High Center complex, Lincoln Center, old brownstone part of the Brown Palace Hotel, and Cosmopolitan Hotel – since demolished.
Colorado [videos]
Colorado is a state of the Western United States encompassing most of the southern Rocky Mountains as well as the northeastern portion of the Colorado Plateau and the western edge of the Great Plains. It is the 8th most extensive and 21st most populous U.S. state. The …
A view of the arid high plains in Southeastern Colorado
The Calhan Paint Mines on the Colorado Eastern Plains
Front Range Peaks west of Denver
Continental Divide at Monarch Pass
James Knox Taylor [videos]
James Knox Taylor was Supervising Architect of the United States Department of the Treasury from 1897 to 1912. His name is listed ex officio as supervising architect of hundreds of federal buildings built throughout the United States during the period. — Early …
U.S. Post Office, Buffalo, New York, 1901
U.S. Post Office, Niagara Falls, New York, 1904
U.S. Post Office and Court House, San Francisco, now the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, 1905
Commemorative coin [videos]
Commemorative coins are coins that were issued to commemorate some particular event or issue. Most world commemorative coins were issued from the 1960s onward, although there are numerous examples of commemorative coins of earlier date. Such coins have a distinct design with reference to the …
The US bicentennial quarter is an example of a true commemorative coin.
Coin issued during the reign of Roman emperor Lucius Verus (161-169) to celebrate his victory against Vologases IV of Parthia. The reverse shows the mourning personification of Armenia.
Denmark two kroner coin issued in 1912 commemorating the accession in that year of king Christian X. The king's late father, Frederik VIII is depicted on the reverse.
Soviet rouble of 1965, commemorating the 20th anniversary of the victory in World War II. 60 million pieces were minted and circulated as regular currency.
Double eagle [videos]
A double eagle is a gold coin of the United States with a denomination of $20. The coins are made from a 90% gold and 10% copper alloy and have a total weight of 1.0750 …
The 1849 liberty head design by James B. Longacre
The 1907 high relief double eagle designed by Augustus Saint-Gaudens
Side of the 1907 "high relief" double eagle showing edge lettering and surface detail
The Smithsonian specimen of the 1933 Saint Gaudens double eagle
Pikes Peak [videos]
Pikes Peak is the highest summit of the southern Front Range of the Rocky Mountains, in North America. The ultra-prominent 14,115-foot fourteener is located in Pike National Forest, 12 miles west of downtown Colorado Springs, Colorado. The mountain is named in honor of American …
View of Pikes Peak
An 1890 winter climb (near Windy Point) up Pikes Peak
Manitou and Pike's Peak Railway train rounding Windy Point, around 1900.
The sign at the summit
Leavenworth, Kansas [videos]
Leavenworth is the county seat and largest city of Leavenworth County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 35,251. Located on the west bank of the Missouri River. The site of Fort Leavenworth, built in 1827, the city became known in American history for its role …
Downtown Leavenworth (2014)
Leavenworth is on the west bank of the Missouri River
Leavenworth City Hall (2009)
Leavenworth County Veterans Day Parade takes place every year in downtown Leavenworth
United States Department of the Treasury [videos]
The Department of the Treasury is an executive department and the treasury of the United States federal government. Established by an Act of Congress in 1789 to manage government revenue, the Treasury prints all paper currency and mints all coins in circulation through the Bureau of …
Organization of the U.S. Dept. of the Treasury.
The Office of Foreign Assets Control and the main branch of the Treasury Department Federal Credit Union are located in the Freedman's Bank Building in Washington, D.C.
Seal on United States Department of the Treasury on the Building
Image: Treasury Department rear view
Gold [videos]
Gold is a chemical element with symbol Au and atomic number 79, making it one of the higher atomic number elements that occur naturally. In its purest form, it is a bright, slightly reddish yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile metal. Chemically, gold is a transition metal …
Gold(III) chloride solution in water
An Indian tribute-bearer at Apadana, from the Achaemenid satrapy of Hindush, carrying gold on a yoke, circa 500 BC.
Ancient golden Kritonios Crown, funerary or marriage material, 370–360 BC. From a grave in Armento, Campania
Gold coin of Eucratides I (171–145 BC), one of the Hellenistic rulers of ancient Ai-Khanoum. This is the largest known gold coin minted in antiquity (169,20 g; 58 mm).
American Civil War [videos]
The American Civil War was a war fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865, between the North and the South. The Civil War is the most studied and written about episode in U.S. history. Primarily as a result of the long-standing controversy over the enslavement of …
Sen. Stephen Douglas, author of the Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854
Sen. John J. Crittenden, of the 1860 Crittenden Compromise
The first published imprint of secession, a broadside issued by the Charleston Mercury, December 20, 1860
Jefferson Davis, President of the Confederate States of America (1861–1865)
Gold bar [videos]
A gold bar, also called gold bullion or a gold ingot, is a quantity of refined metallic gold of any shape that is made by a bar producer meeting standard conditions of manufacture, labeling, and record keeping. Larger gold bars that are produced by pouring the molten metal into molds are called …
1kg gold bars
A minted bar (left) and a cast bar (right)
The world's largest gold bar at the Toi Gold Museum.
Image: Kinebar 3
Stream [videos]
A stream is a body of water with surface water flowing within the bed and banks of a channel. The stream encompasses surface and groundwater fluxes that respond to geological, geomorphological, hydrological and biotic controls.Depending on its location or certain characteristics, a stream may be …
Rocky stream in Italy
A rocky creek in Spearfish Canyon, South Dakota, US
Wyming Brook in Sheffield, UK
Brook near the Bay of Fundy, Canada
Silver [videos]
Silver is a chemical element with symbol Ag and atomic number 47. A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it exhibits the highest electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and reflectivity of any metal …
Silver is extremely ductile, and can be drawn into a wire one atom wide.
Silver plate from the 4th century
Acanthite sample from the Chispas Mine in Sonora, Mexico; scale at bottom of image as one inch with a rule at one centimetre
1,000 oz silver bar
United States Congress [videos]
The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the Federal Government of the United States. The legislature consists of two chambers: the House of Representatives and the Senate. — The Congress meets in the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.. Both senators and representatives are …
In 1868, this committee of representatives prosecuted President Andrew Johnson in his impeachment trial, but the Senate did not convict him.
George Washington presiding over the signing of the United States Constitution.
Congress oversees other government branches, for example, the Senate Watergate Committee, investigating President Nixon and Watergate, in 1973–74.
View of the United States Capitol from the United States Supreme Court building.
Colfax Avenue [videos]
Colfax Avenue is the main street that runs east–west through the Denver metropolitan area in Colorado. As U.S. Highway 40, it was one of two principal highways serving Denver before the Interstate Highway System was constructed. In the local street system, it lies 15 blocks north of the zero …
Looking down East Colfax in 1972 with the capitol and the Basilica of the Immaculate Conception seen in the background.
Neon sign of Davies' Chuck Wagon Diner.
Colfax Avenue in Capitol Hill in front of the Cathedral Basilica of the Immaculate Conception
Image: Colfaxatbroadway
Louisiana Purchase Exposition [videos]
The Louisiana Purchase Exposition, informally known as the St. Louis World's Fair, was an international exposition held in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, from April 30 to December 1, 1904. Local, state, and federal funds totaling $15 million were used to finance the event. More than 60 …
Poster for the Exposition painted by Alphonse Mucha
The Government Building at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition
Palace of Liberal Arts
Festival Hall
Sylvester Stallone [videos]
Michael Sylvester Gardenzio Stallone is an American actor, director, screenwriter, and producer. He is well known for his Hollywood action roles, including boxer Rocky Balboa in the Rocky series, soldier John Rambo in the five Rambo films, mercenary …
Stallone in August 2014
Stallone in Sweden to promote Rambo III in 1988
Stallone in 2009 at the 66th Venice International Film Festival
Stallone promoting The Expendables 3 at the 2014 Cannes Film Festival
Anachronism [videos]
An anachronism is a chronological inconsistency in some arrangement, especially a juxtaposition of persons, events, objects, or customs from different periods of time. The most common type of anachronism is an object misplaced in time …
The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci, 1498, depicts the apostles sitting at a long table. This kind of table was unknown at the time and place of the Last Supper.
The Nuremberg Chronicle (1493) shows ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle in scholar's clothing of the book's time, 1,800 years too modern for Aristotle
Ancient Greek Orpheus with a violin (invented in the 16th century) rather than a lyre. A 17th-century painting by Cesare Gennari.
Moldavians and Muntenians Become Brothers: 19th-century flags in 16th-century scene
The Wild Wild West [videos]
The Wild Wild West is an American science fiction western television series that ran on the CBS television network for four seasons from September 17, 1965 to April 4, 1969. Two television films were made with the original cast in 1979 and 1980 and the series was adapted for a theatrical film in …
Titlecard from the first act of the episode "The Night of the Poisonous Posey"
Ross Martin and Robert Conrad.
Ross Martin as Artemus Gordon (with guest star Ann Elder).
Michael Dunn as Doctor Loveless.
National Park Service [videos]
The National Park Service is an agency of the United States federal government that manages all national parks, many national monuments, and other conservation and historical properties with various title designations. It was created on August 25, 1916, by Congress through the National Park …
In 1934, a series of ten postage stamps were issued to commemorate the reorganization and expansion of the National Park Service.
Customs House at the Salem Maritime National Historic Site in Salem, Massachusetts.
Depicts twelve figures, most in NPS uniforms, shown in occupations from left to right: a lifeguard, a Civil War reenactor, fire management, mounted patrol, researcher and/or natural resources with fish, a female ranger with two visitors, a laborer, a climber/rescuer, and a youth with a male ranger.
National Park Service employment levels. Executives: abt 27; Gen Sch: 16–17,000; Others: 6–7,000
Federal Reserve [videos]
The Federal Reserve System is the central banking system of the United States of America. It was created on December 23, 1913, with the enactment of the Federal Reserve Act, after a series of financial panics led …
The Eccles Building in Washington, D.C., which serves as the Federal Reserve System's headquarters
Obverse of a Federal Reserve $1 note issued in 2009
Ben Bernanke (lower-right), former chairman of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors, at a House Financial Services Committee hearing on February 10, 2009. Members of the board frequently testify before congressional committees such as this one. The Senate equivalent of the House Financial Services Committee is the Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs.
Board of governors in October 2018, when three of the seven seats were vacant
Federal Reserve Note [videos]
Federal Reserve Notes, also United States banknotes or U.S. banknotes, are the banknotes currently used in the United States of America. Denominated in United States dollars, Federal Reserve Notes are printed by the United States Bureau of Engraving and Printing on paper made by Crane & Co. of …
1914 $10 FRN, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
1928 $100 FRN, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
1934 $10,000 FRN, depicting Salmon P. Chase.
Privately issued note, 1853
United States dollar [videos]
The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States and its territories per the United States Constitution since 1792. In practice, the dollar is divided into 100 smaller …
Series of 1917 $1 United States bill
Spanish silver real or peso of 1768
Continental One Third Dollar Bill (obverse)
Image: 500 USD note; series of 1934; obverse
San Francisco Mint [videos]
The San Francisco Mint is a branch of the United States Mint and was opened in 1854 to serve the gold mines of the California Gold Rush. It quickly outgrew its first building and moved into a new one in 1874. This building, the Old United States Mint, also known affectionately as The Granite Lady …
The old San Francisco Mint building, built in 1874
The mint's original building
The main entrance of the 1874 building
The new San Francisco Mint building, built in 1937 (2007)
Philadelphia Mint [videos]
The Philadelphia Mint was created from the need to establish a national identity and the needs of commerce in the United States. This led the Founding Fathers of the United States to make an establishment of a continental national mint, a main priority after the ratification of the Constitution of …
First Philadelphia Mint (1792, demolished)
Second Philadelphia Mint (1833, demolished)
Third Philadelphia Mint (1901). Now Community College of Philadelphia.
Pike's Peak Gold Rush [videos]
The Pike's Peak Gold Rush was the boom in gold prospecting and mining in the Pike's Peak Country of western Kansas Territory and southwestern Nebraska Territory of the United States that began in July 1858 and lasted until roughly the creation of the Colorado …
Gold prospectors in the Rocky Mountains of western Kansas Territory
Prospector in Pikes Peak
Image: At timber line, Pike's Peak trail. Colo, by Martin, Alexander, d. 1929
The Rifleman [videos]
The Rifleman is an American Western television program starring Chuck Connors as rancher Lucas McCain and Johnny Crawford as his son Mark McCain. It was set in the 1870s and 1880s in the fictional town of North Fork, New Mexico Territory. The show was filmed in black and white, in half-hour …
Sammy Davis Jr., Johnny Crawford, and Chuck Connors in 1962.
Beverly Englander and Chuck Connors in the 1961 episode "Lariat".
Rifle replica
Gold mining in Colorado [videos]
Gold mining in Colorado, a state of the United States, has been an industry since 1858. It also played a key role in the establishment of the state of Colorado. — Explorer Zebulon Pike heard a report of gold in South Park, present-day Park County, Colorado in 1807.Gold discoveries in Colorado began …
Ralston Creek (center of picture) at its confluence with Clear Creek in Arvada.
Chinese-American miners in the Colorado School of Mines' Edgar Experimental Mine near Idaho Springs, circa 1920.
Image: Fairplay Dredge
Mint mark [videos]
A mint mark is a letter, symbol or an inscription on a coin indicating the mint where the coin was produced. — History — Mint marks were first developed to locate a problem. If a coin was underweight, or overweight, the mint mark would immediately tell where the coin was minted, and the problem …
Mint mark and privy marks on French Cochinchina 20 Cents 1879, Paris Mint
Spanish Milled Dollar with Mexico City Mint Mark.
Eagle (United States coin) [videos]
The eagle was a United States $10 gold coin issued by the United States Mint from 1792 to 1933. — The eagle was the largest of the five main decimal base-units of denomination used for circulating coinage in the United States prior to 1933, the year when gold was withdrawn from circulation. These …
Image: NNC US 1795 G$10 Turban Head (small eagle)
Image: NNC US 1839 G$10 Liberty Head (old style)
Tiara [videos]
A tiara is a jeweled, ornamental crown traditionally worn by women. It is worn during formal occasions, particularly if the dress code is white tie. — History — Today, the word "tiara" is often used interchangeably with the word "diadem", and tiara …
A pearl-and-emerald tiara of Northern and Southern dynasties (420–589)
This Fayum mummy portrait shows a woman wearing a golden wreath, c. AD 100–110.
Silver mining in Colorado [videos]
Silver mining in Colorado has taken place since the 1860s. In the past, Colorado called itself the Silver state. — Central City-Idaho Springs district — Silver veins were discovered in the …
Silver mines at Aspen, circa 1898–1905.
Image: Horace Austin Warner Tabor Brady Handy
OCLC [videos]
OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Incorporated d/b/a OCLC is an American nonprofit cooperative organization "dedicated to the public purposes of furthering access to the world's information and reducing information costs". It was founded in 1967 as the Ohio College Library Center. OCLC and its …
OCLC headquarters
OCLC offices in Leiden (the Netherlands)


These cute little bird's nests, by Prima, would be fun to use in an altered project.
See some additions to Tim Holtz's "Idealogy" collection below and here. Also, see the make 'n take they made using the little birdcage here.
Donna Salazar has released some great looking "Mixed Media Inx" through ClearSnap. See one photo below and more info can be found here.
See new stamp sets from Crafty Secrets here. Below is the new "Antique Trim" stamp set.
See the new Echo Park releases here. Shown below is a sticker set from the "Happy Days" collection.
New black gesso from Claudine Hellmuth's line with Ranger. See more here.
New ink and paint colours have been added to the Jenni Bowlin line. See below and more here.
Below is a peek of one of Bella Blvd's Make 'n Takes. See more images here.
Look at the cool booth design by October Afternoon, below. See more here.
– Paper Crafter's Corner polled their readers, and gave them the links to 30 of the new Winter / Holiday lines debuting at CHA. You can read their top 10 Winter/Holiday lines debuting at CHA here.
– Diva Craft Lounge previews some new CHA releases here.
– See some CHA booth pictures from Graphic 45 here.
– See the new "Vintage Groove II" jewelry collection from Making Memories here.
– You can see photos of Crate Paper's CHA booth here.
This entry was written by Angie and posted on July 21, 2011 at 8:51 am	and filed under CHA, Manufacturers, Newproducts, Scrapbooking, scrapscene. Bookmark the permalink. Follow any comments here with the RSS feed for this post.	Post a comment or leave a trackback: Trackback URL.
Thanks for all the info and links. It's so fun to check out all the new products.


The Health Psychology Research Group was founded by the Professor Dr. Eduardo Remor in 2001 in the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain), institution where the researcher was a faculty member until June 2014. At the doctoral program in Health Psychology, he supervised 7 doctors and 11 masters students. When starting activities in the Institute of Psychology – UFRGS (July 2014), he renews its commitment to develop the field of Health Psychology from the local action, with an European and North American perspective. The Health Psychology Research Group are developed with a vocation for interdisciplinary work, aiming to contribute to a practice in evidence-based psychology aiming the promotion, prevention and integral attention in health.
The Research Group in Health Psychology of the Institute of Psychology at UFRGS, functions as a teaching, research and applied laboratory.


Let's take a closer look at the 2015 MVP odds and figure out the best options to wager on. 9 with an 11 record, including wins at UCLA and over Tennessee in Newark, N.J. He ended the contest with an average of 8 yards per carry. They currently are 5th in the Cheap Chicago Blackhawks Jerseys Atlantic Division. The Jaguars know where their bread is buttered right now and that their defense is the crux Wholesale Portland Trail Blazers Jerseys of their success. The reason is simple – Pimlico is not a place top riders ride, and many would choose to stay at home at their regular tracks and ride in more lucrative races than the Pimlico undercard could offer. Edmonton has a record of including -0 on home ice this year. For NFL Jerseys Nike the year they have an ATS NFL Jerseys 2017 mark of and an over under record of . Breakfast is the most important meal of the day, baseball jerseys custom but we often don't give it the love it deserves. Mission accomplished.
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My typical response is, 'every player wants to play more.' If you ask any player, they'd say the same thing, Billy Ceisler told .
Thomas Knee IR 09 16 TE Matt LaCosse Knee IR 09 16 FB Nikita Whitlock Foot IR Pittsburgh 11 16 WR Darrius Heyward-Bey Foot ?
There is no negative reason to stop doing Big Bang. Who will win tonight's Red Sox Angels MLB game against the spread? And to accomplish that you need to figure out how to NHL Jerseys China place a bet on the Kentucky Derby. But if the Shockers are going to make a leap forward they'll need one of three very physically gifted sophomores – Rashard Kelly, Zach Brown or Shaq Morris – to step forward. The first-year starter is the frontrunner for MVP this season, and is the leader in practically every statistical category among quarterbacks. Harrison sustained the knee injury in Sunday's loss to the Redskins and was unable to return. Had 100 receiving yards or more in eight games, tied for the most in C-USA.
Roethlisberger has brought up the r word before, but most observers felt he floated retirement notions in part to force Todd Haley out from his post as Steelers offensive coordinator. Phil Cofer averages 13 points per game this season and he sees the court an average of 25 minutes per contest. Advanced Statistics Charlotte is 29th in the league in turnovers, as they turn the ball over an average of 9 NHL Jerseys China times per 100 possessions while forcing 13 on defense. The Mountaineers have been penalized on offense 74 times for 691 yards so far this Cheap NHL Jerseys year, which has them 33rd in the country in penalties. And there's a level of effort and cost involved for returns that aren't necessarily significant, Fidelity noted – so the strategy might not be worth it.


Laura Quaglio has been writing since she could hold a crayon. Since then, she has written and edited for magazines, blogs, books and a few Hallmark gift books, though her recent work is done with computers, not Crayolas. When away from her desk, this wife, mother, and 2nd-degree black belt may be found crafting costumes for this year's high school musical.


text:
Scutelliseta swaziana is one of the smaller dung flies. This species was described by Richards in 1968. It is currently only known from Eswatini (Swaziland).

References

swaziana
Endemic fauna of Eswatini

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
{
    'name': 'Honduras - Accounting',
    'version': '0.1',
    'category': 'Localization/Account Charts',
    'description': """
This is the base module to manage the accounting chart for Honduras.
====================================================================

Agrega una nomenclatura contable para Honduras. También incluye impuestos y la
moneda Lempira. -- Adds accounting chart for Honduras. It also includes taxes
and the Lempira currency.""",
    'author': 'Salvatore Josue Trimarchi Pinto',
    'website': 'http://trimarchi.co.cc',
    'depends': ['base', 'account', 'account_chart'],
    'data': [
        'account_types.xml',
        'account_chart.xml',
        'account_tax.xml',
        'l10n_hn_base.xml',
    ],
    'demo': [],
    'installable': True,
}
# vim:expandtab:smartindent:tabstop=4:softtabstop=4:shiftwidth=4:

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
CNS Core: Small: Harnessing Weight Repetition for Efficient Deep Neural Network Inference on General-Purpose Platforms
Fletcher, Christopher
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
Search 6 grants from Christopher Fletcher
Search grants from University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Developing an International Master?s of Research Ethics Program in Malaysia
Role of transglutaminase 2 in celiac sprue
TR2 nuclear receptor in vitamin A signaling
UCLA Dental Specialty and Ph.D. Program
Compact super-directional microphone array to improve hearing in background noise
Role of CREM in Amebic Colitis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Human neutralizing antibodies for Zika virus
New molecular targets for pest management in the cuticle of the Lyme disease vector, Ixodes scapularis
Roles of replication fidelity in viral RNA synthesis, population diversity, and overall fitness of coronaviruses
The effect of HIV exposure and infection on immunity to TB in children
Society is witnessing an explosion in the use of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) across all facets of daily life including health, finances, entertainment and transportation. DNNs are used by performing DNN inference, which queries the DNN with an input (for example, an image) to get an answer (for example, a classification). Society relies on inference every day, where it is run on devices ranging from cloud servers to personal computers. The goal of this project is to develop new ways to make inference efficient (fast, low power) on these devices.
The technical approach is to explore how a new phenomenon, called weight repetition, can be applied to general-purpose devices such as Central Processing Units (CPUs) and Graphical Processing Units (GPUs). The idea is, when a DNN weight is repeated, DNN inference operations can be simplified. The first project thrust will develop high-efficiency weight repetition-aware software kernels that can run on un-modified hardware. The second thrust will develop novel training techniques to co-design the DNN with the weight repetition-aware kernels. Finally, the third thrust will explore what point hardware modifications can be made to further improve efficiency in the first two thrusts.
By proving weight repetition's effectiveness on general-purpose devices, this project will unlock innovation in software, algorithms and hardware. The project will also amplify the improvement possible from related, but orthogonal, techniques such as weight quantization and weight sparsity. To support the cross-stack approach, the project will train a new class of students and researchers who can work across high-performance software, hardware and DNN training algorithms to build co-designed Machine Learning stacks and, in the future, apply the lessons learned to other high-impact problems that require cross-layer solutions.
The project will store all publications, code and data-sets on public-facing websites, hosted at the University of Illinois for at least 3 years after the end of the project. This information will be made available via commercial websites. Links to these websites will be mirrored at http://cwfletcher.net/weightrepetition.
Division of Computer and Network Systems (CNS)
Samee Khan
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Be the first to comment on Christopher Fletcher's grant


text:
[Sport] Lampard Talks About Nigerian 'Abraham' Playing For Nigeria Over England.
Chelsea boss, Frank Lampard, has insisted that he has not spoken to striker, Tammy Abraham about pledging his international future to Nigeria over England.
Lampard said this following Chelsea's Premier League 5-2 victory over Wolves on Saturday.
Asked by reporters if Abraham is going to Nigeria, Lampard was quoted by Allnigeriasoccer saying: "I haven't spoken to him about that".
He added: "The way that he is going, he is going to be in that bracket. To score seven goals in three games. Fantastic from him. He has to be hungry. He needs to keep playing at that level."
We reported that Nigeria's FA president, Amaju Pinnick had earlier told Abraham to choose the Super Eagles because he has better chances of playing regularly for the team.
Abraham's international future remains a subject of discussion among pundits and coaches due to his eligibility to represent either Nigeria or England.
Abraham has featured in two friendly matches for England against Germany and Brazil in 2017 but he is still eligible to represent the Super Eagles of Nigeria in the future
[Sport] Chelsea's Manager (Maurizio Sarri) Reveals How Chealsea Can Sign Higuain Permanently
Buhari And Former VP Namadi Sambo Meet In Kaduna As He Went To Commission Project
EPL: Mane Speaks On Fight With Salah


text:
> Suggested Reading > Children's Pages
Top | Last 30 Days | Search | Add to Archives | Newsletter | Featured Item
THE REAL GUN SAFETY CRISIS
by Dr. Michael S. Brown
Board Member, Doctors for Sensible Gun Laws
mbrown@reflexnet.net
The anti-gun lobby has tried every possible approach to attack guns and gun owners. They imply that guns drive human beings to acts of violence, they claim that guns are responsible for suicides and they insist that guns do much more harm than good. All of these charges are easily dismissed with a bit of research, so the gun control crowd has turned to the ultimate weapon. They tell us we must ban guns in order to "save the children" from gun accidents.
Despite the fact that less than one half of one percent of childhood deaths involve firearms accidents, a great deal of attention has been devoted to the relatively new issue of "kids and guns". The visual image of an unsupervised small child handling a pistol is a potent emotional weapon that tends to override the logical filters most people apply to any kind of advertising. The public is led to believe that there is a veritable plague of accidental firearms fatalities, when in reality the number of such incidents has been steadily declining since numbers were first recorded almost one hundred years ago.
One positive result of this attention has been a wave of gun safety programs aimed at younger children who may not know the difference between real guns and toys. The most successful is the Eddie Eagle program created by the NRA. Anti-gun groups, blinded by their hatred of guns and gun owners, often try to prevent this program from being offered, ignoring the fact that the NRA is the world's oldest and most respected gun safety organization.
Stop! Don't touch. Leave the area. Tell an adult!
These words about gun safety are being taught to young children across America and reports from parents indicate that the lesson is being fully absorbed. Many parents can now describe incidents where children came to them to report a firearm that was left unattended and accessible. This is a great accomplishment, but in some cases parents are not able to take appropriate action due to their own lack of training. Indeed, the success of these programs for children is pointing out a growing crisis in adult gun safety.
When America was a more rural nation, almost everyone, men and women alike, had at least a rudimentary understanding of the various kinds of common firearms. The situation is vastly different today, thanks to three decades of anti-gun propaganda. The result is that more people than ever now fear and hate guns. Not only do they know very little about guns, but they are afraid to learn. When a child comes to them to report a firearm, they will not be able to deal with it on their own.
Ideally, an adult would know how to check to see if a firearm is unloaded, make it safe, and store it away properly. Unfortunately, most women and some men do not have this basic level of knowledge and may even be unable to describe the type of firearm to another person. Perhaps they will call 911, but such a request for service will probably be a low priority and may not justify a quick response. Perhaps they will choose not to bother the police at all and try to find a more knowledgeable friend. Perhaps they will be embarrassed to admit their ignorance to anyone and attempt to handle the gun themselves.
This lack of knowledge is by no means limited to parents. Airline counter personnel are responsible for making sure that firearms in checked baggage are unloaded, but they often have no idea how to accomplish that task. Police officers typically receive little firearms training beyond that necessary to wield their duty weapons.
The long running campaign of the anti-gun lobby to demonize guns is having an ironic and unfortunate consequence. The irrational fear of weapons, known as hoplophobia, actually makes us less safe by promoting ignorance. Who wants to learn safe gun handling practices when they are told by the gun haters that merely touching a gun might drive them into a killing frenzy?
Without proper training, people absorb misleading impressions of firearms from television and films. They become a danger to themselves and others.
Firearm safety classes are available almost everywhere. These classes are suitable for parents and for those who must handle unfamiliar firearms on the job.
In many areas, basic gun handling and marksmanship classes are available for teens who are mature enough to begin accepting some adult responsibility. The anti-gun lobby attacks these classes as being a bad influence on young people and have caused many school-based firearms classes to disappear. Their theory is that there is safety in ignorance, much like those who oppose sex education classes; but this theory does not match reality.
Anyone who has lived around guns immediately sees the difference in the way that a person handles firearms after they have had proper training. The unsafe Hollywood- inspired moves exhibited by many young men are replaced by a cautious respect for firearms and other people. The superstitious fear felt by many women changes into understanding and empowerment.
The benefits of structured firearms training are particularly noticeable in teenagers who hunger for guidance and the chance to accept adult responsibility. Many parents who live outside the centers of urban liberal culture still understand the value of formal firearms training in the maturation process of their children.
The attacks on firearms education must cease. We should ignore anti-gun zealots who cause death and injury by promoting safety through ignorance. Knowledge will always be the key to safety and all Americans deserve access to that knowledge.
Dr. Michael S. Brown is a member of Doctors for Sensible Gun Laws. On the web at: http://www.KeepAndBearArms.com/DSGL. Dr. Brown's writing archive can be viewed at http://www.KeepAndBearArms.com/Brown.
That the said Constitution shall never be construed to authorize Congress to infringe the just liberty of the press or the rights of conscience; or to prevent the people of The United States who are peaceable citizens from keeping their own arms... � Samuel Adams, Debates and Proceedings in the Convention of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, at 86-87 (Pierce & Hale, eds., Boston, 1850).