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Grace Place In Willmar
Propaganda and Mass Media: Obstacles and Best Conditions for Propagandist - Argumentative Essays Topics Examples
Propaganda and Mass Media: Obstacles and Best Conditions for Propagandist
In the modern, commercial world, propaganda has undoubtedly infiltrated the mass media in phenomenal leaps that are reminiscent of the cold war era where the technique was employed by the US and Russia to neutralize each others' political, military and economic influence.
Today, more than ever before, propaganda is increasingly been used in the public arena to settle a multiplicity of competing and conflicting factors and aspirations (Barsamian & Chomsky 32). Governments continue to use mass media to peddle propaganda in times of conflicts with other governments, and politicians continue to bankroll media personalities and outlets during electioneering period to peddle political propaganda.
In the same vein, companies and media houses continue to heavily rely on propaganda to gain an upper hand over their competitors through subjective marketing and advertising strategies. It is the purpose of this essay to evaluate the obstacles faced by a propagandist and conditions that allow a propagandist to thrive successfully.
According to Linebarger, "propaganda consists of the planned use of any form of public or mass-produced communication designed to affect the minds and emotions of a given group for a specific purpose, whether military, economic, or political" (39).
Propaganda in mass media occurs when information is systematically biased, distorted, exaggerated, fabricated, or subjectively and inaccurately reported with the aim of receiving support, goodwill and a sense of legitimacy from the target audience (Shah para. 1). Propaganda is used to rally individuals behind a cause by exaggerating, misdirecting, cheating or misrepresenting the actual issues to garner support.
In mass media, propaganda is exhibited when agents charged with the responsibility of objectively reporting information use selective stories and partial facts to present the information (Barsamian & Chomsky 18). Also, propaganda in mass media takes place when the agents use one-sided sources of information, demonize the perceived enemy, use narrow range of discourse or engage in pre-emptive assumptions, false balances and framings (Shah para. 2).
The propagandist undergoes a multiplicity of obstacles and challenges to ensure that the message is received by the target audience. The first obstacle is to comprehensively understand the nature of the target audience that the propagandist wants to modify through the use of propaganda (Ellul 26).
It is the function of the propagandist to learn the social, cultural, economic, and psychological orientations of the target audience, a scenario that can present some challenges. A good knowledge of these orientations will assist the propagandist to devise techniques of psychological manipulation and social pressure aimed at influencing the thought systems and ideological convictions of the target audience.
Another obstacle comes in the form of propagandist's ability to convince the target audience to follow a particular line of thinking. The Propagandist is known to use techniques such as assertions, bandwagon, card stacking and glittering generalities to win over the hearts of the target audience (Propaganda Techniques para. 1).
But this is unachievable if the propagandist lacks or has inadequate ability or capacity to convince the target audience. For example, a propagandist may use assertions especially in advertisement and marketing to present some enthusiastic statements as facts. To be successful, the propagandist must have the capability and capacity to convince the target audience that such statements reflect the truth without providing evidence to back up the claims.
Bandwagon technique is often used to compel the public to join in doing a certain activity because others have joined (Propaganda Techniques para. 2). Effective convincing techniques are needed to compel the target audience to join in since others have already joined. In many cases, the propagandist may lack these requisite techniques.
Lack of naturalness is yet another obstacle that propagandists face when trying to pass information across to the target audience (Carl para. 3). Propagandists are known to use vernacular, dialect, and homey words that have a wide appeal to the target audience. Studies have revealed that effective propaganda must utilize the latest vernacular of the particular target audience, including idioms, folklores, belief systems, idioms and jokes (Wilkins & Christians 139).
Also, an effective propagandist must be able to use the native dialect of the target audience in a perfect way. It is against this backdrop that the propagandist faces obstacles and challenges when trying to pass the information across to the target audience due to failure to use the audience's vernacular and dialect in a natural way.
The propagandist can use homey words that are known to the target audience since such words have the capacity to elicit nostalgia, bringing the audience closer to the message. Lack of naturalness on the part of the propagandist may cause an adverse backlash from the target audience as it tries to begrudge what it considers efforts by the propagandist to mock it, its language, its people and its ways.
A multitude of factors and conditions influence the propagandist's opportunities of success in passing the information across to the target audience. The conditions needed to make a propagandist more effective and successful are many and varied.
A successful propagandist must effectively master the speech, writing, dialect, cultural orientations and other aspects of life of the target audience (Linebarger 53). According to Linebarger, the ability to control information is a requisite condition for any propagandist who wishes to be successful.
The propagandist should have the capability to manipulate information that reaches the mainstream media or the target audience. For example, in conditions of war and civil strive, the military is able to control and manipulate information trickling in from the battlefields by organizing daily press briefings, planting stories, or providing tightly controlled access to warzones. This type of control ensures that the right kind of message goes through to the right audience (McQuail 530).
An individual can be successful in spreading propaganda through the use of euphoric environments. Indeed, propagandists are known to thrive perfectly well in conditions that trigger a lot of anxiety or happiness within the target audience (Johnstone & Bauer 52). For example, propaganda is known to fill the airwaves and other mediums of communication such as the print media and internet during political electioneering periods as propagandists try to outdo each other in the political landscape.
According to Johnstone & Bauer, "…it appears that the most effective propaganda does not play on public emotions, but provide the public with selective facts and allows them to come to their own conclusions" (63). In political campaigns, rivals present half-truth and subjective statements about their competitors to win support from the masses. Studies have revealed that propagandists who utilize such conditions are usually successful.
Social and economic strife have also been known to serve as successful breeding ground for propaganda. Indeed, under social conditions of information manipulation, monopoly and ruthless ethnic or racial conflicts, propagandists have tended to use and control the media as a tool to foster hatred and assemble populations to violence (McQuail 530).
Propagandists continue to utilize the disparaging social and economic conditions in less developed countries to cause havoc to the general populations. It should also be noted that individuals undergoing social and economic difficulties are vulnerable to so many manipulations, including propaganda. It is on this basis that propagandists utilize social economic difficulties facing a target audience to successfully pass their message across.
All in all, propagandists continue to utilize the above mentioned conditions to alter the world views, beliefs, and thought systems of their target audiences. In recent times, the US has incessantly used the available mass media channels to clean up its act in Iraq and Afghanistan (Wilkins & Christians 182).
The fact that the mass media is presently regarded as a requisite tool and strategy for propaganda peddling can no longer be denied. Indeed, the propagandists love to use the mass media as their default channels for passing propaganda since they reach a wider number of individuals and are regarded as trustworthy (McQuail 530)
Barsamian, D., & Chomsky, N. Propaganda and the Public Mood, 1st Ed. South End Press. 2001. ISBN: 9780896086340
Carl, D. Propaganda Techniques. 1996. Retrieved 8 Oct 2009
Ellul, J. The Obstacles to Communication arising from Propaganda Habits. (n.d.). Retrieved 8 Oct 2009
Johnstone, G., & Bauer, K.G.C. Sociology and Canadian Society. Emond Montgomery Publication. 2004.
Linebarger, P.M.A. Psychological Warfare. Washington: Combat Forces Press. 1954.
McQuail, D. McQuial's Mass communication Theory. SAGE 2005
Propaganda Techniques. (n.d.). Retrieved 8 Oct 2009
Shah, A. War, Propaganda and the Media. 2005. Retrieved 8 Oct 2009
Wilkins, L. & Christians, C.G. The Handbook of Mass Media Ethics. Taylor and Francis. 2008
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I'm Simon!


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School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine
Level 4, 553 St Kilda Road
Email cochrane@monash.edu
Web www.australia.cochrane.org
Twitter @CochraneAus
Getting here by public transport
By train: Prahran railway station is a 20-minute walk along Greville Street and Moubray Street.
By bus: Bus routes from the city 216, 219 and 220 will take passengers down St Kilda Road before turning left onto Commercial Road. Alight at the Commercial Road stop located on St Kilda Road.
By tram: From Swanston Street / St Kilda Road in the city, all trams except numbers 8 and 1 travel along St Kilda Road. Alight at stop number 25, on the corner of St Kilda and Commercial Roads.
For further information on public transport options, visit the Public Transport Victoria website at ptv.vic.gov.au.
There are some metered car parks available on either side of St Kilda Road. Please check signage for time limits.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Pentagon bean counters reveal strategy to get border wall built quickly
Predictably, prominent democratic congressman Chuck Schumer had a tawdry retort.
For years, the President has been working to secure our southern border with his "big, beautiful wall".
Seeing as the wall itself was a major focal point of the 2016 campaign cycle, the President is as keen as ever to get the ball rolling before 2020's contest comes into full swing and he'll face the ire of voters who want to know why the project hasn't been completed.
Of course, democratic resistance to the idea of a border wall has been much of the issue, with Congressional progressives stymying the President at every turn.
A new plan from the Pentagon may have finally found a way to get cracking, however.
The Pentagon has told Congress that it will build 11 sections of the southern border wall with $3.6 billion in funds allocated by Congress to other construction projects.
"On February 15, 2019, the President issued a proclamation declaring that a national emergency exists along the southern border of the United States," Secretary of Defense Mark Esper wrote to Congress. He continued:
I have authorized and directed the Acting Secretary of the Army to undertake these 11 projects expeditiously, and, as authorized by Section 2808 [of the National Emergencies Act], to do so without regard to any other provision of law that may impede the expeditious construction of such projects in response to the national emergency. A description of and the estimated cost for each project, including the cost of any associated real estate actions, can be found in the enclosure.
The letter does not describe the planned projects or the miles of extra wall. The announcement implements President Donald Trump's earlier order to move the funds following Congress's 2019 refusal to fund his 2016 campaign promise.
"It is a slap in the face to the members of the Armed Forces who serve our country that @realDonaldTrump is willing to cannibalize already allocated military funding to boost his own ego, and for a wall he promised Mexico would pay to build," said in a tweet from Senate Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer.
Given the glut of challenges faced by the President in this pursuit, it seems likely that this attempt to fund the wall's construction could find itself in some sort of litigation in the coming weeks.
In this article:border wall, chuck schumer, Donald Trump, Featured, immigration
Jussie Smollett team upset at Chicago PD for doing too good a job
Mysterious Epstein pal pleads with judge not to release documents containing his name


BANGKOK, April 21 (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - When heavy rains triggered floods in China last year, washing away homes, causing landslides and flooding farmland, the damage resulted in overall losses of $20 billion - making it the world's second costliest disaster in 2016.
Yet with only 2 percent of that insured, according to German reinsurer Munich Re, many communities and businesses in central and southern China are still struggling to rebuild without the help of an insurance payout.
In contrast, when Typhoon Haima made landfall last October in Guangdong, it triggered a payout within days, thanks to a new pilot insurance scheme to cover the province against losses of up to $350 million from tropical storms and excessive rain. The economic hub is one of China's most important, contributing more than $1 trillion to the country's gross domestic product.
Between 1995 and 2015, China suffered the largest number of disasters globally, second only to the United States, with 2.3 billion people affected, according to the United Nations.
China's vulnerability to storms, droughts and other extreme weather events is expected to rise with climate change.
However, the country remains underinsured against large-scale natural disasters, putting a strain on public finance and leaving millions of people at risk of poverty, analysts said.
The insurance gap was particularly acute during the 2008 Sichuan earthquake, which killed more than 80,000 people and caused an estimated $125 billion in damages - of which only 0.3 percent was covered by insurance, according to Lloyd's of London.
"We saw the insurance payout was incredibly low," said Wang Ming, professor at the Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management at Beijing Normal University.
"The local government, academics and the insurance industry all believe China should have a national policy to develop a natural disaster insurance scheme," he told the Thomson Reuters Foundation in a phone interview.
There have been some encouraging signs.
Last year, seven Chinese ministries noted the need for insurance to protect against climate-related events in their guidelines for establishing a green financial system to support environmental protection and clean energy.
Earlier this month, an agreement to establish and promote earthquake insurance systems was signed by the China Insurance Regulatory Committee and the China Earthquake Administration.
In the meantime, pioneering insurance projects like that in Guangdong, and another one in Heilongjiang in northeastern China, are providing provincial authorities with ways to protect their people and assets, analysts say.
The Guangdong and Heilongjiang programmes are the largest natural disaster insurance schemes in China, with total coverage amounting to $680 million, according to Swiss Re, which agreed to be the sole reinsurer for both.
Both schemes use technology such as satellite data and rainfall and tropical cyclone wind speed indices to trigger policy claims.
"Payouts would occur when the index is triggered and reported. With the traditional mechanism, the actual losses would need to be verified before claims can be settled," said Gary Wei, head of Global Partnerships China at Swiss Re.
"This makes the process quicker as it no longer relies on surveys and lengthy damage assessments," he told the Thomson Reuters Foundation in an email.
Unlike the Guangdong pilot insurance scheme which supports urban resilience, the programme in Heilongjiang covers poor farming families in 28 counties for loss of income caused by flood, excessive rain, drought and low temperatures.
Wei said both programmes are designed for local governments to be insured, unlike traditional insurance policies which insure individuals and enterprises.
This is a smart move, said Guo Peiyuan, co-founder of SynTao, a Chinese consultancy specialising in socially responsible investment.
"This makes a lot of sense because disaster and catastrophic insurance is still quite new in China and the people who have the needs don't have the awareness or the availability to pay," he said.
The authorities in Guangdong declined to comment on the scheme, while those in Heilongjiang said it was too early to comment on the scheme that was launched last August.
China's historically low insurance penetration can be traced back to the bad experiences of customers in the 1990s when the general insurance market grew rapidly but laws and regulations were not enacted or enforced, BNU's professor Wang said.
Insurance to protect against natural disasters is an even newer concept, with most people regarding disaster relief and recovery as the government's responsibility, he said.
The success of agricultural insurance shows what is possible.
In 2007, China's central government introduced a national policy to promote agricultural insurance in a bid to stabilise crop output and food prices, and stem the tide of people abandoning farming for higher-paid jobs in cities, BNU's Wang said.
The pilot covered six provinces but became nationwide within seven years, he said. By 2012, premiums amounted to 18.6 billion yuan ($2.97 billion) and 64.6 million hectares were insured, according to a 2015 paper Wang co-authored.
The involvement of central government and the high subsidies it paid for the voluntary scheme - up to 80 percent in some places - helped to ensure their widespread acceptance, he said.
"In many counties, (the participation rate) reached up to 80, 90 percent, which is very good for the market because the more people buy insurance, the pool is bigger and the risk is diversified," he said.
The long-term sustainability of heavily-subsidised insurance schemes is a concern, but government intervention at the beginning is crucial for success, Wang said.


The greatest sporting weekend of the year has arrived! The Ironman World Championship takes place tomorrow, Saturday, October 14. Thousands of the best triathletes from around the globe have ventured to Kailua-Kona, Hawai'i to battle each other, the grueling hot, humid, and windy island conditions, and themselves through the 2.4 mile swim, 112 mile bike, and marathon (26.22 mile) run.
Hoping to build off of the success of FuelBelt athlete and triathlon legend Crowie Alexander, three-time Ironman World Champion and course record holder, FuelBelt athlete Josh Amberger, will make his debut performance on the Big Island. While Josh has never raced through the lava fields of the Big Island, he toes the line with the 2017 Ironman Asia-Pacific Championship win (and course record) under his belt. After dominating Ironman Maastricht this year, Kona veteran, XTERRA World Champion (2011) and Fuelbelt athlete Michael Weiss will also present a force to be reckoned with.
Pro men will kick off into the Pacific at 6:35am local time, followed by the pro women five minutes later. Age group males and females go off at 7:05am and 7:20am, respectively. Athletes must complete the course by midnight.
NBC Sports Group and Ironman have joined forces to provide live race coverage on NBC, NBCSN, NBCSports.com, and the NBC Sports app. TV coverage will include live look-ins throughout the day on NBC and NBCSN. Over nine hours of live streaming race coverage will be available on NBCSports.com, the NBC Sports app, Ironman.com, and www.redbull.tv/ironman.
If you want to watch the entire race, turn to NBCSports.com, the NBC Sports app, Ironman.com, or redbull.tv/ironman from 9:30 am PT/12:30 pm ET to 7 pm PT/10 pm ET.
Follow specific athletes, as well as race leaderboards, with the enhanced Athlete Tracker tool on Ironman.com.


Customer journey maps are a strong tool for marketers seeking to improve their brands' customer experience. Unfortunately, many marketers report that their customer journey mapping initiatives fail to drive the value expected and desired.
Because producing a customer journey map requires a considerable investment of time and money, and because each failed journey mapping exercise represents an enormous lost opportunity, we recently published the report "How to Manage Effective Customer Journey Mapping Processes" for subscribers to Gartner for Marketing Leaders' research.
The journey mapping team is too narrow: Developing a cohesive customer journey that addresses the issues caused by organizational silos, disconnected systems, and uncollaborative processes cannot be achieved by a siloed, disconnected, and uncollaborative team. Solution: Select your team carefully to include representatives of all parts of the organization that affect the customer's entire journey.
The customer journey map fails to focus on key segments and personas: You cannot create a journey map that is all things to all people. Different segments with different attributes and goals will have different needs, expectations, journeys, and sentiment. Solution: Start by defining the who and developing a thorough persona (free blog post).
The scope of the customer journey map is insufficient: Journey maps routinely fail to start early enough--when the prospect has a need--and rarely extend far enough--not just to the stage when the customer uses the product or service but into the vital portions of the journey where the brand cultivates loyalty and word of mouth. Solution: Utilize a process that identifies the complete journey from Buy to Own to Advocate (free blog post).
If I have whetted your appetite to learn more, please continue reading on my Gartner blog. You'll learn the last three reasons customer journey mapping initiatives fail and how data, perspective, and goals set the stage for success.
This post was originally published on my Gartner blog for marketing leaders.
Ten years ago, "voice of the customer" (VoC) platforms were thought of as systems that sent surveys to collect feedback about customer satisfaction so that the data could be exported and distributed, typically via an Excel spreadsheet. As the demand for customer experience data, knowledge and action has grown, so has VoC. Today, these platforms are becoming robust tools to combine customer feedback with other indirect and inferred data so as to catalog customer journeys, understand customer sentiment and experiences, identify customer experience issues, resolve outstanding customer needs, and measure improvement in satisfaction, loyalty, brand advocacy and business outcomes.
Ingesting and analyzing data from other systems, such as CRM, call center and web analytics platforms.
Providing ways to close the loop with customers using alerts and workflow management.
Parsing unstructured data, not merely text answers to open-ended survey questions, but customer care emails, social media posts, and voice calls, as well.
Democratizing customer feedback within the organization with a broad range of dashboards to serve the needs of employees and leaders.
Furnishing interactive and rich-media methods for customers to supply feedback and improve upon the information collected.
Gathering and interpreting the voice of the employee (VoE).
Offering powerful analyses to identify trends and discover insights to guide CX efforts and investments.
VoC vendors that traditionally served the needs of customer care or operational leaders are seeing growing demand from marketers with responsibility for customer experience management. If you are a marketing leader and Gartner subscriber interested in VoC and customer experience, please read our new "Market Guide for Marketers' Voice-of-the-Customer Solutions." It provides summaries of more than a dozen vendors offering solutions for direct customer feedback, text and sentiment analytics, speech and interaction analytics, market research communities, customer journey monitoring and VoE.
Even though we all recognize the role of word of mouth (WOM) in building brands and delivering marketing results, customer journey models routinely omit any consideration for the impact of brand advocacy. Many of the journey frameworks used today to guide customer experience (CX) initiatives fail to account for the ways happy customers champion the brands they love and how others value WOM as they discover, evaluate and select products and services.
In the era of always-on, personalized information and trusted WOM at scale, it is time to update our customer journey models to recognize how great customer experience drives WOM, and great WOM drives business outcomes. Marketers need a new and better framework--one that considers the entire virtuous circle from buy to own to advocate and back to buy, again.
The customer journey model we use on the Gartner for Marketing Leaders team--the Buy/Own/Advocate framework--recognizes that strong brands aren't merely better at acquiring customers; they are better at keeping them and motivating them to tell others. This is why improving CX isn't just the right thing to do for your customers; it is also the right thing to do for your organization and its stakeholders.
For example, in 2011, Starbucks was honored as one of the top five brands for customer experience. That same year, the brand moved up two spots to become the third largest restaurant chain based on sales. It did this despite "being outspent on advertising anywhere from two to eight times by rivals." This company and its success demonstrate how great marketing results come from the combination of smart outbound marketing and compelling, differentiated customer experience.
To learn about other brands activating their Buy/Own/Advocate customer journeys, the importance of driving customers not just to use but love and the power of advocacy and loyalty, please read the complete blog post on my Gartner blog.
This is a question I have heard from a wide variety of organizations. Insurance firms wonder if the agent or the company "owns" the customer. B2B firms struggle with sales and account teams that seek to "protect" their clients. CPG brands wish to have more direct customer relations while retailers work to control the customer relationship. And companies with many competing or complementary products and services strive to balance the contradictory needs of different brands and departments.
Author Ursula K. Le Guin once said, "There are no right answers to wrong questions." "Who owns the customer?" is the wrong question. The terrible connotation of asking who owns a human being should be the first hint we're on thin ice. Moreover, it should be easily apparent to everyone that brands don't own or control anything; it is the customer who chooses us, pays for us, and abandons us if we fail to provide the right value or experience vis-a-vis the competition. If you consider this question from the perspective of the customer and not the organization, there is no question that you don't own the customer; he or she owns you.
Thus, the right question is not "Who owns the customer?" but "How best can we serve the customer?" This servitude approach is not simply philosophical but can have a profound effect on the actions of your firm and your employees. To see how important it is to start with the right question and learn the ways it drives better process and outcomes, please visit my Gartner blog for the complete post. Thank you.
For B2B brands that may have multiple categories of customers, where would you recommend we start customer journey mapping?
The first step in any journey mapping effort is to answer "Who?" This involves selecting your important audience segments and building personas for each. Most customer journey mapping efforts identify a handful of key customer segments for which journey maps will be developed.
Also, a quick word on firmographic versus role-based journey maps for B2B firms: Too many B2B brands approach customer journey maps as if everyone employed within the companies in their target market shares a single mind that experiences the entire journey simultaneously and identically. Of course, that is not true, so B2B brands must start by first identifying the attributes of target firms and then classifying the key roles within those firms, understanding the professional and personal needs of individuals in each role and recognizing the ways they interact with the brand.
Do you have to put the customers into different segments and take into account things like B2B, B2C, region/country, etc.?
For customer experience purposes, select only those attributes that drive substantive differences in customer needs, expectations or experiences with your brand. If you find there are profound differences between customers in different regions and countries, then this may be an important attribute; if not, then do not consider geography as you define your key segments. Let data be your guide, gathering and analyzing the data necessary to uncover what makes your audience segments unique.
There is an art and science to defining segments. If you define your segments too broadly, the behaviors, needs, preferences and experiences of those in each segment will vary too much to provide a sound basis for mapping their journey. Conversely, if you define your segments too narrowly, you can end up with a restricted focus that fails to improve the journey for a sufficient portion of your customers.
There isn't a single answer for every firm in every category, but as a best practice, it is more important to identify your key customer segments and improve their journeys than it is to slot every existing customer into a category. By focusing on a handful of your most important segments, you can best prioritize your CX efforts for the prospects and customers who matter most to your firm. If you are a Gartner client, you can learn more in our report, "Use Personas to Drive Exceptional Customer Experiences."
For more questions and answers, covering topics of voice of customer, ratings and reviews, and employee engagement, please visit my Gartner blog.


The usual response was at a; but sometimes at b. may be the best approach play in certain circumstances. See OngoingGame2.
The 3-3 play is the obvious response to the distant approach. However, if Black as here starts in the corner with the 3-3 point, and White makes the low approach , looks a little slow. To me that suggests that the symmetrical 5-3 approach to 3-5 is an acceptable way. Nonetheless, it has fallen out of favor.
dnerra: On the other hand, White would usually not approach a 3-3 stone with a low approach 3-3 point low approach. In the diagram, might be a little slow, but is too close to the very solid black position.
So probably needs another move added now, probably a two-space extension at a. My impression is that Black has secured a little more territory than White with his two moves. (Everyone is welcome to disagree here!). So the conclusion would be that is a special strategy dictated by surrounding positions.
For example, /White a might be an ideal expansion from an enclosure in the lower left. Or (in a later stage of the game) White could have very a strong position in lower left, so that she is planning White b instead of White a as a reply to .
DaveSigaty: I have had this played against me several times. Regardless of what the pros think, I believe that it is a viable approach at the amateur level that prevents Black from trying anything tricky.
Charles A pincer, of course, is unexpected.
This unconventional pincer was played a couple of times by top players (Yamashita Keigo, O Meien) in 2000.
In both cases this happened.
How about the 'very distant low approach'?
Since invites the very good play , this play is very rare. There are some classical examples of played, effectively as a wedge, in the presence of .
In this case at , at might look ideal for Black.
All of the marked plays are found in pro games. In modern go the plays closer to the corner seem to be preferred.


I read this article and found it very interesting, thought it might be something for you. The article is called Victimisation and is located at https://www.tiger-hr.com/glossary/victimisation/.
Where a person (A) treats another person (B) unfavourably because A knows or suspects B has done or intends to do a protected act. Protected acts include bringing discrimination proceedings, giving evidence or information in connection with discrimination proceedings, making an allegation of unlawful discrimination, or doing anything else under, or by reference to, discrimination legislation.


Do you know the owner of this business? If so please remind them to claim their business listing. It is free! To contact Cityhomes please visit them at 4060 Travis St in Dallas or give them a phone call at (214) 559-3869. You can visit Cityhomes at 4060 Travis St by clicking the "View Larger Map" link below. Here you can also get driving directions. If you find that Cityhomes can not be reached at (214) 559-3869 or is not located at 4060 Travis St, please click the "Send" button below. If this business has a video about themselves you will be able to watch it by clicking the play button on the video window.


Travel Medicine - also known as Emporiatics is the branch of medicine that deals with the prevention and management of health problems of International travelers.
The risks to health whilst travelling will vary between individuals and many issues need to be taken into account, e.g. whether and humidity, activities abroad, length of stay and general health of the traveller, altitude of travelling site, flight duration, and many others not listed here.
One of the most important factors for Indonesia travellers is the Climate, which can at times be very crucial and deteriorating health if you are not very careful.
Dehydration is one simple yet very important condition to bear in mind and should be addressed appropriately to avoid illnesses. It is recommended that you consult with your General Practitioner weeks in advance of travel. They will assess your particular health risks before recommending healthcare precautions and steps to do like Vaccination - Malaria prevention tablets, etc. This is also a good opportunity to discuss important travel health issues including safe food and water, accidents, sun exposure and insect bites.
Many of the problems experienced by travellers cannot be prevented by vaccinations and other preventive measures need to be taken.
All travellers coming into Indonesia with home medication (including over the counter medications) should check if there are any restrictions on entry of such medications into the country. Please ensure you have the original prescription bearing your name and your family physician's signature and stamp, for verifications by the Customs Authority upon your arrival.
Indonesian medical and hospital systems are reliable with global standard practice, however you are strongly advised to have appropriate Health Insurance coverage in Indonesia including repatriation and medical evacuation, to avoid unnecessary delay in hospitals in case you need to get admitted and treated as in patient. All Vaccines are available in Indonesia, you just need to have your personal Immunization Record for our reference before advising your next dose.
Yellow fever vaccination certificate required for travellers over 9 months of age arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission.
Feel free to drop us a line, our doctor will be happy to revert to you with whatever information and advice you need before travelling to Indonesia.


Item description Formal portrait of Marine Lucille Ingram Pauquette in winter service green uniform, taken in October 1945.
Veteran's biography Carolina Lucille Ingram Pauquette (1924-2016)of Greensboro, North Carolina, was a postal clerk in the Marines Corps Women's Reserve from 1945 to 1946 .
C. Lucille Ingram Pauquette of Greensboro, North Carolina, graduated from Greensboro High School. She enlisted in the Marine Corps Women's Reserve in March of 1945, and attended basic training at Camp Lejeune in North Carolina. In June 1945, Pauquette was assigned to the post office at nearby Cherry Point Air Station. She was discharged in June 1946 and the following month married Staff Sergeant Charles F. Pauquette, whom she had met at Cherry Point." Following her discharge from the Marines, Lucille Pauquette and her husband moved to upstate New York. They returned to North Carolina in the 1950s. Both worked for Western Electric, where Lucille Pauquette did assembly work and inspection until resigning to have children a few years later. The Pauquettes continued to live in Greensboro in retirement.


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Organized crime is behind spate of retail thefts: Coalition of Law Enforcement and Retail president
President of Coalition of Law Enforcement and Retail Ben Dugan joins Yahoo Finance Live to discuss how organized thefts are becoming an increased concern for retailers.
KARINA MITCHELL: Welcome back to Yahoo Finance. Well, a string of disturbing smash and grab robberies has malls and stores beefing up security this holiday season across the country, particularly in California, where another mob of thieves ransacked a shoe store in Santa Clara County just outside of San Francisco yesterday. Joining us with more on this story is Ben Dugan, president of Coalition of Law Enforcement and Retail, and Yahoo Finance's Dani Romero. Thanks to both of you for being here. What is emboldening these groups, sir?
BEN DUGAN: Well, they're actually-- what we're experiencing is kind of a perfect storm. They're actually being recruited by criminal organizations that are getting involved in what's called organized retail crime. That's really been on the rise since 2017 with the expansion of most of the online marketplaces. But what we're seeing now and what we saw over the last week is people being recruited by these criminal organizations to commit these bold and brazen thefts on their behalf.
DANI ROMERO: Yeah, and Ben, to that point, why are they so young, getting involved in all of this? I mean, just on Friday, about eight to nine people in LA, young men, stole tools from a local Home Depot store.
BEN DUGAN: Yeah, yeah. Yeah, and unfortunately, I don't think some of these young folks understand how much trouble they're really getting into. They're really getting involved with criminal organizations that recruit them and convince them that there aren't going to be any consequences, and in some cases, or most cases, actually, provide them with rental cars, escape routes. They use burglary tools. In some cases, they bring weapons. They plan these events with these young folks with the understanding that there's a high propensity for violence and they have no regard for human life or for the consequences.
ALEXIS CHRISTOFOROUS: And I know that playing a part in all of this is that there are very few arrests. Can you talk to us a little bit about why that is? It seems to be one of the reasons, you know, that these people feel emboldened to do this. They think that they can just very easily get away with it. I mean, if you see some of the footage, they're not even running away. They're nonchalantly walking away with all of this merchandise.
BEN DUGAN: Well, there's-- you're exactly right. But there's only been a few arrests so far. I will tell you, in California, for example, the California Highway Patrol has probably the best organized retail crime task force in the country. And just because you weren't arrested at the time of the event doesn't mean you're not going to be arrested. The police deploy a lot of different tactics to identify these folks. And I'm very confident that a large portion of these folks eventually will be arrested. Now we'll see what happens on the prosecution side. And a lot of them, depending on their age, that'll be a variable. But there will be a lot of arrests. The police are working very hard to identify a lot of these folks, as are the retailers.
DANI ROMERO: Yeah, and when you see these smash and grab robberies, you know, they're obviously-- you see that they're organized, planned robberies. But at the same time, employees at that retail store, as well as security guards, they're not able to really do anything. And so what is the solution? And is that really-- yeah, what is the solution? And is that really the future?
BEN DUGAN: Yeah, well, we have to-- first and foremost, we have to do everything to keep our employees and our customers, our stores, and the communities that we serve as safe, all right? And so we're very careful. We train-- retail employees are trained very carefully not to engage people at certain levels to keep them themselves safe. There's nothing in the store worth anybody getting hurt for. And in the immediate future, retailers are investing millions of dollars this holiday season in reaction to a lot of these recent thefts and upgrading their security, adding a lot of physical security, technology, resources, manpower, off duty police. You'll see a much bigger police presence during this holiday season to try to combat it.
And then, in kind of the interim, we're standing up some organized retail crime task forces, not just in California, but in every major city, right, to combat this problem because it's a nationwide problem. And long term, we've introduced some federal legislation called the Informed Consumers Act, which will finally regulate the online marketplaces. So people cannot hide between the shadows of the internet and operate anonymously without their real names and lists millions of dollars in stolen product every day. So it's a three-- kind of three-bucket solution that we're looking for.
DANI ROMERO: And Ben, I know that you mentioned earlier that the California Highway Patrol is now going to be helping in California with some of the security and patrolling. I was at the Topanga Mall in California just this past weekend, and I saw that LAPD also deployed a task force. They were outside, as well as inside. But does that really scare off any of these robberies? I mean, I feel like you would think, right, as a consumer, that you're seeing these police patrol. Is that really, like I said, a big solution, having these task forces deployed?
BEN DUGAN: Yes. Well, yes. The short answer is yes, but it's not sustainable, right? It's short-term, right? To make sure everyone we get through this epidemic and get through the holiday season with as little problems as we can. So, yes, I think it's working. Unfortunately, we're talking about organized crime. We're not talking about just a group of young folks doing this for thrills or for personal use. You're talking about, you know, criminal syndicates, networks that employ these people.
And, you know, if one store has heavy coverage, they go on to another store, to the next store, you know? We may get-- in retail, we make it very easy for our customers to shop and make our major merchandise available. And it's very similar in store to store. So sometimes, if there's a large police presence, you know, these criminal organizations are-- you know, will pivot and go to a different retailer or to a same retailer at a different location. Most of these crews hit multiple stores a day. And I know there's been some arrests recently where they arrested these guys at the second and third store, instead of that original store. So we're talking about a sophisticated criminal network, not just, like, an isolated or chaotic event.
KARINA MITCHELL: So, look, retailers are obviously suffering a lot at the moment anyway. And this is hitting them really hard. So Best Buy says they might not be able to retain workers because nobody wants to work in a place when you never know when you're going to get looted or robbed. You know, Walgreens as well said it was shutting down five stores in San Francisco because of the increase in theft. So is this just the wave of the future? Is this what we have to get used to now?
BEN DUGAN: No, I don't think so. And a lot of stores make their own independent decisions based on their own businesses and what's best for them. A lot of retailer stores are still expanding their businesses. So but I will tell you this, right? You're absolutely right. This is-- there's a lot of different victims to this crime, right? It's not just the stores that take a financial loss. People are getting physically assaulted.
It's a tremendous burden on our employees that are traumatized by this event. Any employees that are-- I mean customers that are in the store are traumatized. And it terrorizes some of these neighborhoods that these stores operated. So there's a lot of different victims, a lot of ripple effects. But with some things that we're talking about doing, some of the things I mentioned, I'm hoping this is not the norm, that we can reverse this trend rather quickly.


The Rotax 582 is a 48 kW (64 hp) two-stroke, two-cylinder, rotary intake valve, oil-in-fuel or oil injection pump, liquid-cooled, gear reduction-drive aircraft engine manufactured by BRP-Rotax GmbH & Co. KG. It is for use in non-certified aircraft operating in day visual flight rules.
The Rotax 582 is based upon the earlier Rotax 532 engine design and was designed for use ultralight aircraft. The 582 increased the bore from the 532 engine's 72 to 76 mm (2.8 to 3.0 in) and increased the stroke from 61 to 64 mm (2.4 to 2.5 in). This increased the displacement from 521.2 cc (31.81 cu in) to 580.7 cc (35.44 cu in), an increase of 11%. The increased displacement had the effect of flattening out the 532's torque curve and allowed the 582 to produce useful power over a wider rpm range. Reliability over the 532 was also improved.
The 582 features liquid-cooled cylinder heads and cylinders with a Rotary Intake Valve. Cooling is via an externally-mounted radiator. Lubrication is either by use of pre-mixed fuel and oil or oil injection from an externally-mounted oil tank. The 582 has dual independent breakerless, magneto capacitor discharge ignition (CDI) systems and is equipped with two piston-type carburetors. It uses a manifold-driven pneumatic fuel pump to provide fuel pressure. An optional High Altitude Compensation kit is available.
The engine's propeller drive is via a Rotax type B, C or E style gearbox. The standard engine includes a muffler exhaust system with an extra after-muffler as optional. The standard starter is a recoil start type, with an electric starter optional. An integral alternating current generator producing 170 watts at 12 volts with external rectifier-regulator is optional. The engine includes an intake air filter and can be fitted with an intake silencer system.
"This engine, by its design, is subject to sudden stoppage. Engine stoppage can result in crash landings, forced landings or no power landings. Such crash landings can lead to serious bodily injury or death...This is not a certificated aircraft engine. It has not received any safety or durability testing, and conforms to no aircraft standards. It is for use in experimental, uncertificated aircraft and vehicles only in which an engine failure will not compromise safety. User assumes all risk of use, and acknowledges by his use that he knows this engine is subject to sudden stoppage...Never fly the aircraft equipped with this engine at locations, airspeeds, altitudes, or other circumstances from which a successful no-power landing cannot be made, after sudden engine stoppage. Aircraft equipped with this engine must only fly in DAYLIGHT VFR conditions."


This rule is designed on the understanding that motivation is a fickle and finite resource. We only have so much of it and so the barriers to entry for any task should be as low as possible. The clearest analogy I've heard is for flossing your teeth. Instead of a broad goal that you should be flossing more you should have this aim: floss one tooth. Just a single tooth.
Now this is much easier you think. I can do one tooth. But of course you start flossing one tooth and then you end up doing another and another until you end up doing every one; fulfilling your goal without guilt or anxiety because you've already achieved your aim of flossing one tooth.
The same goes for writing. You may set yourself the well-meaning goal of 500 words a day, but this may be too daunting especially if you're in the process of habit forming. 50 words a day is much more manageable; there's even an argument for a more drastic 10 words a day, anything to get your bum on a seat and writing. Once you've written those 50 words, the rest will follow.


Ayumi is a 16-year-old who has a crush on her classmate, Musashi. One day, the God of Death appears before her, and announces that she has only one month left to live. There's no stopping the hourglass of fate! Life is short, girl, so love with all your might!


Adventures with Chocolate Cookbook Review – Get Cooking!
First of all, Adventures with Chocolate: 80 Sensational Recipes looks good enough to eat. The chocoholic in me insists on keeping this beautiful cookbook out – front and center – on my kitchen hutch. It's that gorgeous. The only problem is, every time I see it, I HAVE to have chocolate. The sooner the better.
I was sent this cookbook to review and pretty much all I have to say is this, I'm flat out in love with the book and if you call yourself a chocoholic, you must buy the book immediately. If you don't, your chocoholic membership card may be taken from you.
Famed for his exquisite chocolates and ingenious flavor combinations, Paul A. Young now shares his chocolate-making secrets for the first time. After teaching you the finer points of chocolate tasting, you are invited to his masterclass on how to make a classic chocolate truffle. Soon you'll be melting, blending, and tasting chocolate like a true aficionado, and so your chocolate adventure begins. There are up to 400 flavors in a piece of fine dark chocolate, and the variety and origin of the cocoa beans, as well as the way they were processed, all affect the taste of the finished product. With Paul at your side, you'll discover why Equadorian chocolate lends itself beautifully to flavors such as marmalade, pink peppercorns, and saffron, while Venezuelan chocolate tastes amazing when paired with cinnamon, chile, or lavender. Once you understand how to combine chocolate with other flavors, you can let your imagination run wild and experiment with your own tastebud-tingling combinations.
The recipes are divided into chapters such as Fruit & Nuts, Sugar & Spice, and Unadulterated, and offer much more than just truffles. You'll find recipes for Paul's famous hot chocolate, cakes, cookies, desserts, and even savory dishes—a sure talking point at any dinner party. Take your pick from Wild Strawberry and Pink Peppercorn Truffles, Sea-salted Caramel Tart, and the Ultimate Chocolate Martini. The Alchemy chapter is for the more adventurous cook, with wild and wonderful recipes such as Paul's Venezuelan Chocolate Chile Chicken, Sweet Chocolate Pesto, and even a Honey-cured Bacon, Stilton and Chocolate Sandwich—which Paul swears by as a hangover cure! Paul's enthusiasm for chocolate is irresistible and his stunning, easy-to-follow recipes are essential for all chocolate lovers.
Not only does Adventures with Chocolate: 80 Sensational Recipes give whatever room it's in an instant makeover, the content is invaluable to chocolate lovers.
See Adventures with Chocolate: 80 Sensational Recipes for more information.


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Initial details released for 6th annual Pivot Arts Festival in June
CHICAGO – Pivot Arts is pleased to announce the 6th annual PIVOT ARTS FESTIVAL, a celebration of innovative performances and multi-disciplinary works presented throughout Chicago's Uptown and Edgewater neighborhoods from June 1 – June 10, 2018. Tickets, ranging from free to $35, go on sale Tuesday, April 3, 2018 at www.pivotarts.org/festival.
This year, the ten-day Festival features the Chicago premiere of Rude Mechs, a theater collective from Austin, TX, who have performed at major venues across the country – joined by top artistic innovators from Chicago and beyond. Performances include theater, dance, puppetry, multidisciplinary works, site-specific performances, performances for youth, workshops, discussions and showings of new works-in-progress from the Pivot Arts Incubator program, which has developed works such as Isaac Gomez's La Ruta, to be performed at Steppenwolf Theatre next season.
The Festival also features the fourth annual "Celebrate Community!" Parade on Saturday, June 2 at 3 pm, kicking off at the Senn Playlot (corner of Elmdale and Greenview Aves.) and culminating in performances and interactive workshops at Senn Park behind Senn High School. Participating groups include CircEsteem, Storytown Improv, Walkabout Theater and more!
Specific dates, times and venues are available at www.pivotarts.org/festival. Artists and events currently confirmed for the 2018 PIVOT ARTS FESTIVAL:
NOT EVERY MOUNTAIN, presented by Rude Mechs (Austin, TX)
Marking their Chicago premiere, the Austin Texas-based theatre collective Rude Mechs creates genre-averse theatrical productions that represent a cocktail of big ideas, cheap laughs and dizzying spectacle. NOT EVERY MOUNTAIN is a meditation on change, permanence and our place in the natural world. In this piece, the group gathers to build a mountain using pulleys, cranks, magnets and string. It is a presentation of the life cycle of mountains and the processes by which they are born and eventually laid to rest.
THE NEW PRAIRIE SCHOOL AT THE COLVIN HOUSE, presented by Corey Smith
Equal parts architectural tour, immersive theater and musical performance, THE NEW PRAIRIE SCHOOL AT THE COLVIN HOUSE explores an historic Sheridan Road Mansion. Audience members are guided through the Colvin House by performers who sing, speak, gesticulate and gyrate their way through the building. This strange and beautiful performance is a reclaiming of Midwestern radicalism, a love song to the people and the buildings of Chicago.
YOU'RE HIS CHILD, presented by Emmy Bean
A live music, sound and performance interaction with archival family recordings. Actor and musician Emmy Bean engages the history of her great-grandfather, a kitchen-table hymn singer, revealing stories about family and music based on his songs.
THE LIFE AND TIMES OF TERRY, presented by Vanessa Valliere
Created and performed by Vanessa Valliere, THE LIFE AND TIMES OF TERRY is a multi-media journey of romance, parenthood, and success. A woman's search for love has hilarious consequences told through clowning, puppetry, audience participation, drawings, photos and projections.
BROAD NIGHT: DEMYSTIFYING WOMEN'S HEALTH, presented by Illinois Caucus for Adolescent Health and Katy Collins
This evening includes a short showing from This Boat Called My Body, a play inspired by stories from adolescents seeking abortions, as well as a preview from the web-series The Doula Is In. Following the performances is a discussion about abortion access for youth, the impact of parental consent laws in Illinois and real live doula, Katy Collins answers questions about pregnancy and women's health.
WHAT'S NEXT: Anna Martine Whitehead, Shannon Stewart and Aurora Nealand
An evening of works-in-progress from the Pivot Arts Incubator Program at Loyola University. Choreographer/dancer Anna Martine Whitehead presents NOTES ON TERRITORY, a transdisciplinary movement piece framed in the guise of a PowerPoint presentation about the history of containment architecture (including prison, fort, public housing, and cathedral architecture).
New Orleans-based dance artist Shannon Stewart and musician Aurora Nealand present HYSTERIA AND THE BODY ELECTRIC, a movement opera focusing on the concepts (and realities) of gendered movement, gendered sound and media messaging in our contemporary American culture.
THE? UNICORN? HOUR?, presented by Team Awesome
In a world where hate and anger prevail. Where lines between the dark and light can be broken, where night lights are needed to sleep. Where closet doors are shut. Where monsters lurk under the bed. In a world of death and destruction, one creature, and one creature alone can bring joy and adventure. Come and experience THE? UNICORN? HOUR? and experience joy.
ICE CREAM AND IMPROV with Storytown Improv
An annual tradition, bring the kids for the final day of the festival and start the day out right with Storytown Improv and custard/sweets for purchase at Lickity Split.
WHAT'S NEXT: Ginger Krebs Performance Project and Chicago Fringe Opera
The festival closes with two site-specific showings of "What's Next" from Pivot's Arts Incubator program, Ginger Krebs Performance Project and Chicago Fringe Opera.
Chicago Fringe Opera presents The Rossini Project, which adapts the music and story of Rossini's classic opera The Barber of Seville and transforms it into a hip hop dance party. The project features live opera singers, MCs, DJs and breakdancers.
Ginger Krebs Performance Project presents Escapes and Reversals, a new work by dancemaker, performer and visual artist Ginger Krebs. Escapes and Reversals uses martial arts self-defensive maneuvers and prey animal behaviors to explore illusions of three-dimensional space in technology and how power becomes hidden underneath these seductive surfaces while reimagining contemporary bodies' changing relationships to space.
Festival venues and locations for 2018 include: Bar 63, Chicago Filmmakers, Colvin House, FLATSstudio, Francesca's Bryn Mawr, Lickity Split Custard and Sweets and The Mundelein Center for the Arts at Loyola University.
The full Pivot Arts Festival line-up will be announced shortly.
Festival Preview Party
Join Pivot Arts for a sneak peek of this year's Festival at the Festival Kick-Off Party on Thursday, May 17 at Francesca's Bryn Mawr, 1039 W. Bryn Mawr in Chicago. Tickets are $45 in advance and $50 at the door and include appetizers, drinks, entertainment, plus a silent auction. Tickets are available at www.pivotarts.org/events.
About Pivot Arts
Pivot Arts produces and presents contemporary, multidisciplinary performance. They develop new work and present performances throughout the year culminating in a multi-arts festival. Their vision is that of a vibrant community where unique collaborations between artists, businesses and organizations lead to the support and creation of innovative performance events.


A heavy rain fell early Friday evening that eliminated qualifying. Many drivers spent the afternoon on the track working on their setups only to see the rain end the evening before some could get on the trak to race. Drivers drew pills for the races. Fifteen cars were on hand at Hwy 92 Raceway Park. Six cars started the trophy dash, with Scotty Scott winning the race. Wayne Barlock was second and Josh Richard third. Chappy Adkins, Zach Witherwax and BreAnn Adkison finished in that order. The rain started to fall again and the races were cancelled. Hwy 92 announced a date for their shootout. September 28 is their date this fall. The RMLRA is scheduled to race at I-25 on that date.
Saturday evening, after two straight rain out dates, twenty-two race cars were on hand at Big Country Speedway in Cheyenne, Wyoming. Ryan Jones was the top qualifying Legend with a time of 14.074. Thanks to all the first year drivers that showed up to race on Saturday. Terry McBride suffered an engine problem in qualifying and did not race. Wayne Barlock held on to win the feature race with Ryan Jones and Chris Cooper right on his rear bumper. This was Wayne's first feature win of the season. Randy Haynes made his debut in a Legend car and made a great pass in turns three and four to beat Dillon Foster by a foot at the finish line. I heard that this will be the only race for this car this season. Brad Tilton captured the fast heat race.
The number seventy-three car that was owned by Adam Kasick of Windsor, has been purchased by Pat Manchego and raced it Saturday night at Big Country Speedway. The number fifty-two car of Eric Hipkins has been sold to Kyle McCartney of Denver and is reported to possibly be back on the track before the end of the 2013 season. Bill Blevins has bought the former number one car of Eric Stedman. Bill was on the track with the car Saturday night. Randy Haynes also raced a Legend for tthe first time in the number five car which was bought from John Ulander earlier this summer. To all those who have made these transactions we wish the best of luck to them.


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Q: How to create a wrapper connected app for SOAP usage when API whitelistin is active? We have recently activated API access control for connected apps. This was a new feature from Spring '15 to have control which app can connect through the API instead of using the API enabled profile setting, which allows access through any app.
All apps which are listed as a connected app has automatically access. The problem is that the access restriction is now also active on the SOAP API. So, our SOAP API calls through the AJAX Toolkit fails.
How can I now create a "wrapper" connected app for the SOAP API ?

A: Are you referring to the Control Individual API Client Access to Your Salesforce Organization feature?
Some applicable bits from the release notes:

With API Client Whitelisting, an administrator can approve or block individual client application access for each associated connected app. All client applications that are not configured as connected apps are denied access. If you are not using connected apps, you can relax this restriction for individual users by assigning them a profile or permission set with "Use Any API Client" enabled.

Contact Salesforce to enable API Client Whitelisting. After it's enabled, all client access is restricted until explicitly allowed by the administrator. This restriction might block access to applications that your users are already using. Before you enable this feature, you should configure and approve connected apps for any client applications you want users to continue using, or give the users a profile or permission set with "Use Any API Client" enabled.

It sounds like you will need to give the users the "Use Any API Client" API permission. Either via their profile or via a permission set.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Brush High School senior Lauren Smith, has recently been recognized in the top 1% of 230,000 works of art, for her photograph entitled, "Parting Ways," that was recently submitted to the National Scholastics Arts and Writing competition. For the last ninety years, these prestigious awards have highly praised the literary and photography work of teenagers from across the country. Past notable winners in the National Scholastic Arts and Writing competition have included Andy Warhol, Truman Capote and Lena Dunham. Her photograph will be honored at a special ceremony in May at Carnegie Hall in New York City. She will be in attendance, along with her family, and high school photography instructor Ms. Hadley Conner, from the Arts and Technology Department. Those interested in watching the ceremony can view a live webcast, conducted on behalf of the National Scholastic Arts and Writing Competition, at their website, beginning at 6 p.m. on Friday, May 31, 2013. Congratulations on this esteemed recognition!


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Looking for School Uniforms for your children in Maryland, DC or Virginia?
By Grace Uniform Outfitters is your answer! By Grace carries both Logo and non-logo items for public and private schools.
Beat the rush and order online. Items can be shipped or picked up in the store. There are TWO stores for your convenience, one in Clinton (logo and non-logo items) and a satellite store (non-logo items only) in Largo.
you'll want to choose By Grace Uniform Outfitters.


Win the hearts and minds of millennial males, at massive scale.
Imgur helps brands craft their story and share it with millions of influential and engaged tastemakers.
Imgur is the easiest way to discover and enjoy the magic of the Internet. It's where you'll find the funniest, most informative and inspiring images, memes, GIFs, and visual stories served up in an endless stream of bite-sized fun.
Imgur is one of the largest, most concentrated & engaged communities of Millennial Males found anywhere on the Internet.
Native Ads that Millennials Love.
We're on a mission to solve the biggest problem in advertising: how do you make ads that people actually like? That's the thinking behind Promoted Posts.
Promoted Posts are a lot like regular Imgur posts: a full-page canvas that can include tons of animated or still images, lots of descriptive text, and links to your site.
The only difference is they're boosted into the Imgur stream where they'll be seen by the influential, taste-making internet culture enthusiasts who visit Imgur every day.
That means you have plenty of room to tell your story without having to be intrusive or interruptive.
We'll help you make the perfect post.
The Imgur community is a tight-knit group of geek culture enthusiasts with high expectations from the businesses trying to market to them.
So our in-house team of creative strategists - all members of the Imgur community themselves - will work with you to build compelling posts that bring value to the Imgur audience and deliver the results you want.
See how these brands are winning over the influencers of Internet culture.
Want to advertise on Imgur? Great, you're in the right place!
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Perhaps the most illuminating sessions in Davos were ones unrelated to economics, and thus gave me insights into topics that I would not normally get the chance to learn about. Here is a short summary.
While these sessions were on quite different topics, one common theme to many was the "neuroplasticity" of the brain. The brain is not fully formed after childhood, but you can keep developing it, e.g. through meditation, mindfulness (paying attention rather than being distracted).
A little bit of meditation every day is better than 8 hours once a week. You water plants every day rather than throwing a bucket once a week.
Must connect with the hearts and guts with everyone in your team. This principle also guides you on choosing your team-mates: are they in?
For further color, read the TIME Magazine article "The Mindful Revolution", http://sfinsight.org/MindfulRevolutionTIME.pdf.
People are born with traits. However, by accumulating moods, you scientifically modify your traits by changing the neuroplasticity of the brain.
Kofi Annan: drugs have destroyed many people, but government policies have destroyed many more.
The fact that Texas is stricter than other states doesn't mean that Texas is too strict, or that the other states are too lax. The 10th Amendment was to give states authority to set laws, and then people can choose where to live. We shouldn't have the "one-size-fits-all" mentality that seems to come out of DC.
Science can create drug substitutes. Decriminalization dissuades drug users from moving off drugs onto substitutes.
Audience question: does it apply to all drugs?
Perry: but that used to be the message. Films, celebrities portrayed the image of smoking being cool. We haven't spent enough since then to reverse this image.
Think about: what's the one thing I will commit to right now to help support the World Economic Forum's mission to improve the state of the world?


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Category Archives: Benelux
2014, Benelux, European GAA, Maastricht, One Life, Pan Euros, senior championship
Red sky at night, shephards delight, red sky in the morning, its really really early
October 18, 2014 probelgiumgaa	Leave a comment
Tomorrow morning, a group of 29 Belgium GAA men travel to Maastricht to compete in the European football finals. Fielding two teams, one in the senior championship and the another in intermediate, and following months of hard training and playing numerous tournaments, it all comes down to this one day of football.
The men have already won the Benelux region and now have their sights set on a much bigger prize. Good luck!
(P Varley sends his love to all)
2014, Benelux, European GAA, Ladies football, Maastricht, Men's Football, One Life, Pan Euros, Two Clubs
Last training session in ordinary time complete – Maastricht to see what we're made of
What a year. 2014 has been an immense season. We're a few days away from the close of an incredible year. .and we've this weekend to look forward to! The photos say more than I can. 4 Belgian teams will participate in the action across the day, topped off with a reception in the lovely city of Maastricht.
Maastricht it is. One last push. The only men's pan-Euro this year: the third and final pan Euro round for the ladies. Heaps to fight for. A great day of football awaits us all. . . we'll update you as the day goes on.
2014 training closes
2014, Benelux, Camogie, European GAA, Hurling
Hurling and Camogie Finals 2014 – Belgium do the double
August 12, 2014 probelgiumgaa	Leave a comment
The finals of the Hurling and Camogie competitions of 2014 came to Kituro Rugby Club – and our very own Paddy Donnelly's brother wrote this report. We thought you'd enjoy it. He promotes GAA games both at home and abroad.
http://gaascores.com/2014/08/belgium-claim-european-hurling-and-camogie-championship-titles/
The final tournament of the European Hurling Championship took place in Brussels last week, with the home side claiming continental honours.
Belgium GAA won three out of the four tournaments this year to finish on a total of 95 points, with The Hague their closest rivals with 65. It was a Belgian double as the Camogs also claimed Championship success.
The 2014 tournaments took place in The Hague, Zurich, Luxembourg and Brussels where Irish men and women came together to enjoy that piece of home, despite being scattered across the continent.
Belgium Hurling Squad: 1. Adrian Hiel, 2. Kevin Keary, 3. Beartla de Burca, 4. Louis Sexton, 5. Niall Goodwin, 6. Kit Rickard, 7. John Kennedy, 8. James Clarke, 9. Padraic Burke, 10. Daire Cott, 11. Paddy Donnelly, 12. John Mortell, 13. Dermot Buttle, 14. Darragh Cotter, 15. Declan Hillary, 16. Tadhg Murphy, 17. Derek Dignam, 18. Denis O'Sullivan
HURLING RESULTS
Belgium (3-7) v (1-4) Dresden/Cologne
Viking Gaels/Paris (0-2) v (4-7) Amsterdam
Dresden/Cologne (1-5) v (2-7) The Hague
Viking Gaels/Paris (0-1) v (9-7) Belgium
The Hague (1-7) v (1-5) Amsterdam
Dresden/Cologne (1-11) v (0-6) Viking Gaels/¨Paris
Amsterdam (0-7) v (4-7) Belgium
Viking Gaels/Paris (0-5) v (0-10) The Hague
3rd/4th
Amsterdam (4-9) v Dresden/Cologne (2-3)
Belgium (2-9) v the Hague (2-6)
Winners: Belgium
FINAL STANDINGS HURLING
The Hague Zurich Lux Belgium TOTAL
Belgium (1st) 20 25 25 25 95
The Hague (2nd) 25 – 20 20 65
Dresden/Cologne (3rd) 11 (+2*) 16 (+2*) 13 (+2*) 13 (+2*) 53 (+8) 61*
Zurich (4th) – 20 16 – 36
Amsterdam (5th) – – 11 16 27
Viking Gaels (6th) 13 – – 11 24
Paris (7th) 16 – – – 16
Luxembourg (8th) – – 10 – 10
* (+2 points) – European Competitions Regulations 2014 Annex B/3g
CAMOGIE RESULTS
(c) Jane Brennan Photography
Belgium A (0-5) v (2-1) Belgium B
Zurich (0-5) v (3-2) Holland
Belgium A (4-10) v (0-3) Zurich
Belgium B (4-06) v (0-3) Holland
Belgium A (4-7) v (2-1) Holland
Belgium B (3-7) v (1-2) Zurich
Holland (4-3) v (0-5) Zurich
Winners: Belgium B
BRUSSELS TOURNAMENT STANDINGS
Belgium B: 25 pts
Belgium A: 20 pts
Holland: 16 pts
Zurich: 13 pts
Final Belgian Ladies squad – As and Bs zusammen
FINAL STANDINGS CAMOGIE
Zurich Lux Belgium TOTAL
Belgium A (1st) 25 25 20 70
Zurich (2nd) 20 16 13 49
Belgium B – 20 25 45
Holland (3rd) – – 16 16
Luxembourg (4th) – 13 – 13
2014, Benelux, Ladies football, Men's Football, Pan Euros, Uncategorized
Not lost, nor lonely, Belgium wanders to Bavaria: An Ode to München
July 14, 2014 probelgiumgaa	2 Comments
Monday, funday. Sometimes flashes of the weekend past are all you need to power through a desk and a computer based morning, when all you can really think of, or want to think of, is the weekend you've had, the football played, the sights you've seen (HUNDREDS OF GERMANS CROSSING THE ROAD WHEN THE GREEN MAN WAS NOT THERE!) and other such unexpected delights. As we continue to digest what was an epic weekend, and to let PVarley compose his particular peon to the Belgian men, I'm going to pass on this little gem, from our freckled Fraulein roving poet/reporter, a Wordsworth inspired ode. Look at that. Culture. How fancy. And its for you. For free.
You're welcome, you can thank me later.
But here it is, an Ode to München (not inspired by Giselle Bundchen)
An ode to München
(by Sylvia McCarthy)
We wander purposefully as a team
That floats round Europe, balls in hand
Our boots dry, our jerseys clean
Into Munich we did land.
Farewell Belgium, we're turning German
(my mind is blank, what rhymes with merman?)
Breaking free from the Benelux theme
Our bags were packed, we were on the way
It was time to live the European dream
With As and Bs, the tiger and the grey.
Old and new faces were our foes
Torrents of rain and ants our woes
Facing Vienna, Paris, Zurich and our hosts
Our Bs were divine, our As were supreme,
It would not be fair to boast
But even the sun admired the scene
Grainne swooped and Margaux soared
Our men on the sideline drank beer and roared
With a happy mind and aching muscles
I think of Munich and wish I'd stayed
Back at my desk in the office in Brussels
This is of what dreams are made.
Next up: September and the Swedes
Where Belgium will once more be Dancing Queens.
2014, Benelux, European GAA, Ladies football, Men's Football, Pan Euros, Two Clubs, Uncategorized
Belgium bound for Bayern(Munich) & we need to talk about Kevin
July 9, 2014 probelgiumgaa	1 Comment
It is cold, it is wet, it is miserable and yes, it is early July. This is unfair. It is bucketing down and wet and cold and *gasp* Belgium have been knocked out of the World Cup. Its just not fair or ok. With nights without 3 matches ahead of us, its going to be a strange summer to adjust to again – and having seen a montage of weeping Brazilian children, women and men set to an achingly beautiful Garth Brookes song, well, its just an emotional overload – akin, I'm told, to being a Mayo football supporter.
Munich City Centre
From Etterbeeks finest son, Marouane Felliani, brought up mere meters away from our training ground in the VUB, to the somewhat eery similarities with the Irish named Kevin De Bruyne, who IN NO WAY LOOKS LIKE ANYONE WHO PLAYS FOR BELGIUM GAA…we've had a rollercoaster World Cup ride.
Kevin De Bruyne, or Kevin Brown
Nope, no one at all (no names, but think of a handy footballer/super-striker impact player of mysterious origins in the club and see what I mean). Much more handsome of course. But still. Uncanny.
We no longer need to talk about Kevin, but we now need to talk about Bayern, being in Deutschland, and being involved in a sports competition that is *more exciting* and *more tightly fought* than last nights Germany v. Brazil wipeout. Yes, the fortnightly Belgium Ladies Interleague competition. No. I jest. I joke. The InterLeague continues, but the turning of the tides and the passing of the months means that we've arrived at PAN EUROPEAN COMPETITION TIME (for the ladies, and an equally exciting, but somewhat different combined regional tournament / pan-Euro grading event to decide which level they will play at October's Pan-European event in Maastricht for the men). This means more teams, more competitions, more matches and much much much more fun! PARTYZEIT KIDS!
Do you want to go home yet? The answer, at all times, should be the following. "Nein man, ich will noch nicht gehen, ich will noch ein bischen tanzen". Here's a nifty tune to help you to say no to going home, specially for you.
Munich you say, tell me more!
Ok. Munich (/ˈmjuːnɪx/; German: München, pronounced [ˈmʏnçən] ( listen),[2] Bavarian: Minga) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Bavaria. It is located on the River Isar north of the Bavarian Alps. Munich is the third largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Hamburg. About 1.47 million [3] people live within the city limits.
So, for the first time in three years, we're setting off to play in the home of Munich Collumcilles, a club founded in 2001 by a group of Irish ex-pats in the Englischer Garten, they're both a hurling (at underage) and a football club (ladies and mens). The Colmcilles have their own (gorgeous) training grounds within SV Gartenstadt Trudering, and it is there that 9 mens football teams from County Europe and 7 ladies football teams will face off, in again, inclement weather (we're currently promised a thunderstorm, oh joy, oh raptures). Last time we played in Munich we all got sun stroke, so perhaps a little rain mightn't be a bad thing.
Given the distances involved, its perhaps not surprising that the predominant areas represented in this 1st PAN EURO COMPETITION are Benelux, Central and Eastern Europe, with no represntation from Iberia or the Northern European Clubs. Which is a pity, but I'm sure we'll see more of them in September when we head up to Stockholm. But that's me getting away with myself.
Who are the teams you say? What are they like you wonder? Well, hold on to your seats as we go through the few teams that will be competing this weekend.
Augsburg – Belgium – Munich A – Munich B – Geneva – Padova – Paris – Vienna – Zurich (on websites along, Padova 'Paddies' takes the crown)
Belgium A – Belgium B – Paris – Munich A – Munich B – Vienna Gaels – Zurich Inneoin.
Though Rennes head the Ladies Championnats de France & îles Anglo-normandes 2014 Paris is travelling to Munich, Belgium are the only team from the Benelux region to join and the Eastern and Central European region are represented with heaps of teams.
Munich mens and ladies A teams have topped the Eastern and Central region – so no matter what the weather brings, we'll certainly have great football ahead of us. And Sunday – a mere matter of a million more matches, and this site, pending recommendations from our Munich hosts, gives us a few options for where to watch the World Cup final, definately surrounded by few excited Germans!
Serious Saturday plans – guided tour of Ypres/Ipers this weekend
June 27, 2014 probelgiumgaa	Leave a comment
Pre assassination group photo
If you're not heading to hurl this weekend, there are really interesting alternatives on offer for those of you who are in anyway historically minded. Tomorrow, Saturday, is the 100th anniversary of the assassination of the heir to the Habsburg throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his consort of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, an event in the powder keg of the Balkans that would spark a series of events that ended up in the brutal organised senseless killing of World War One. 'Plucky Little Belgium', home of the trenches played a significant part in this theatre of war. A complex series of agreements – unabashed militarism, convoluted alliances, imperialism and rampant nationalism all combined to plunge Europe into a devastating 4 year war.
"Germany's invasion of neutral Belgium, which led Britain to declare war in August 1914, should have been swift and fierce yet the unexpected heroic defence, against great odds, of Belgian fortresses, frustrated the German Schlieffen Plan for a thrust to Paris and a lightning victory. The plucky Belgian resistance proved successful in buying time for French and British troops to mobilize and report to the front, where the Belgians would then go on to fight, stubbornly defending the northern end of the Allied trench line for the rest of the war."
If you're in Brussels and wanted to visit the excellent military museum – they have a dedicated exhibit for the centenary of the beginning of the war.
The city of Leuven have taken photos of the war damaged buildings and blown them up to huge size, and put them on display in front of the repaired buildings. It very much brings home the enormous scale of the destruction and devastation that was inflicted upon the country.
Ypres, in West Flanders, had been a major cloth trading town for hundreds of years, a flourishing area in competition with the northern towns of Ghent and Brugges, which was completely reduced to rubble over the course of the 1st World War. The European Communities Gaelic club (our sort of sister club) are going there tomorrow and have arranged a guided tour. For more information, and to register, click here.
Make your way there for 11am – bring as many hangsangades as you think you'll need, and enjoy the day!
2014, Benelux, Camogie, Hurling, Luxembourg
Destination: Junkers Bunker (aka Lux)
Friday, 27th of June, 2014.
A surreal day. Brussels is locked down as European Heads of State come together in the aftermath of the European Parliamentary Elections 2014/*Bun Fight 2014 – to carve up who gets what part of European Priorities/cake for the next five years, and guess who is on the head of the list of conversation topics? One Mr. Jean Claude Junker, by now the most famous Luxembourgian to ever grace the planet. The personal attacks and the newsprint inches about his suitability for the role of Head of the Commission aside, we're heading to his neck of the woods to play in the 2nd last round of the European GAA Hurling and Camogie Championship. I'm sure he'd love to join us, but he's currently being slagged by the European Press and is otherwise occupied…
Grey bureaucrat, moi?
Luxembourg is lovely, even if the taxi drivers there aren't up to much. But that's just an aside.
Belgium's hurlers are heading down with one team, and the camogs are sending two squads (divided this time, for some baffling reason, by hair colour). The battle of the Blondes v. the Brunettes and Luxembourg and a mixed team from Zurich and Holland will be the fun for the ladies, while established hurling teams will be flocking to prove their worth at different venues throughout the day.
A camogie workshop will also be provided – hosted with the group games at the International School of Luxembourg grounds in Merl. See http://www.islux.lu/page.cfm?p=687 and http://www.luxgaa.lu/?page_id=85#merl for GPS co-ordinates and full addresses.
The tournament will then move on to Stade Michel Wagner in Weimerskirch (http://www.luxgaa.lu/?page_id=85#weimerskirch) where the Hurling matches as well as the final games of the Camogie tournament will take place at ISL – International School of Luxembourg. We' ll be back up in Brussels to celebrate (we hope) in the Old Oak – please do join us there!
BrusselsLuxembourg


text:
M. Louro: Comrades against Imperialism
< Prev7 /317 Publication ReviewsNext >
Comrades against Imperialism. Nehru, India, and Interwar Internationalism
Louro, Michele L.
Cambridge 2018: Cambridge University Press
XVI, 310 S.
Reviewed for Connections. A Journal for Historians and Area Specialists by
Fredrik Petersson, Åbo Akademi University
Michele L. Louro's book is an intriguing study about one of the most dynamic personalities in the global history of twentieth century anticolonialism, India's First Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. However, this is not the history of Nehru coming to power, rather, it deals with Nehru's road of becoming a politically conscious anti-imperialist between the wars. The narrative is grounded in the pivotal event of the "First International Congress against Colonialism and Imperialism" in Brussels, 10–14 February 1927, the subsequent establishment of the international League against Imperialism and for National Independence (LAI, 1927–1937), and how this affected Nehru's political persona after the congress.
One of the main ambitions with the book is to "restore Nehru to his proper place" in the political history of the interwar period. Focusing on delineating the larger questions at the stake for Nehru between the wars, meaning, the idea of international solidarity for India's national independence and anti-imperialism, Louro seeks to break from previous interpretations about Nehru and how these have been placed in national or international contexts. Louro's ambition is rather to emphasize "the interplay between Nehru's internationalist and nationalist projects." To do so, the leading argument of the book aims at reconstructing Nehru's role and engagement in advancing anti-imperialism as an international movement, built on international solidarities that crossed national borders. Further, Louro states in the introductory chapter that this is not a biographical account of Nehru's life, something already done by Benjamin Zachariah in his biography of Nehru.[1] Instead, it is an attempt at locating and placing Nehru's activities, contacts, and relations with other known and unknown anti-imperialists' in the context of interwar anti-imperialism. According to Louro, this study deals with "the recovering of history," a statement that falls well into line with the methodology of covering the gaps and silences of "lost history" as done in Josephine Fowler's study of Japanese and Chinese immigrants in communist networks 1919–1933.[2] Louro's argument is quite similar, and in the end, the same.
The theoretical approach of the book is simple, and should not be seen as something negative. Louro embarks from a statement made by the British socialist George Lansbury after attending the Brussels congress in 1927. Lansbury stated that the "a blend" of nationalism and internationalism could serve as the very foundation of "international comradeship", strong enough to question the structures of colonialism and imperialism. I appreciate how Louro uses the idea of "blend" to describe Indian anticolonialism and Nehru's anti-imperialism to show the flexibility and heterogeneity of these ideas. At the end of it, by showing how different processes and encounters blended, this fits well into Akira Iriye's conception of what transnational history constitutes: the seeking of patterns, flows, and movements across, above, below and between real and imagined borders.[3] Relying extensively on previous research made by, for example, Nirode K. Barooah, Benjamin Zachariah and Sarvepalli Gopal to mention a few, the analysis is grounded in archival research in various archives across the world. The findings are used to corroborate Louro's view of Nehru's blend of national and international anti-imperialist frameworks. However, I would have liked to see the inclusion of, for example, Mark Mazower's discussion on interwar internationalism, and Pankaj Mishra's interpretation of anticolonial activists[4], perspectives that could have strengthened Louro's overall argument about trying to capture the anti-imperialist spirit among the activists.
The book is divided in two parts. The first part outlines Nehru's political journey in Europe and how it affected him after attending the founding congress of the LAI in Brussels 1927. According to Louro, the encounters Nehru faced in Brussels functioned as "a catalyst in a number of ways." It is these ways that constitute the basic premise of the book, ways forged along an idea that India's independence depended on building a global solidarity movement strong enough to connect the working class with anticolonial movements. This part details on the one hand Nehru's involvement in building up the LAI as an international organization from 1927 to 1930. On the other hand, it assesses the processes that strengthened the connection of anti-imperialist movements in India with Europe via leading characters of the LAI in Berlin (the German communist Willi Münzenberg, and the Indian national revolutionary Virendranath Chattophadyaya), and with other distinguished individuals in the West (the British socialist and pacifist Reginald Bridgeman, and the US civil liberties advocate Roger Baldwin). Part two of the book discusses the "afterlives of anti-imperialism." Focusing on Nehru's political journey in the tumultuous 1930s, and with the outbreak of war on a global scale in and after 1939, the study ends as Louro connects Nehru's anti-imperialism with the long trajectory of the Afro-Asian Conference in Bandung in 1955.
The overall results of the book weigh up for the minor inaccuracies. Some of the details connected to the LAI are not entirely accurate. For example, the reason for Chattophadyaya leaving Germany in 1931 was not because of the harassment of German authorities, but rather, it was the decision of the Communist International in Moscow to summon him there to face accusations of "political dishonesty" in 1931. Second, her discussion on the preparations for the second LAI congress in 1929 hints that it was masterminded through the authority of the US communist Alexander Bittelman in Moscow. However, a closer reading of other research paints a different picture.[5] Yet much of this is balanced out by Louro's ambition to depict how an anti-imperialist activist as Nehru perceived himself being part of a global movement.
Louro opens up a new vista of interpreting Nehru's life and his political journey. This is not a biography, but rather an intellectual history framed along the harsh realities of the political conditions that characterize the interwar period. Rather than merely being a biographical account of one of the most distinguished anti-imperialist personas of the twentieth century, the book offers an understanding of the transnational connections Nehru established at several crucial turning points in his life. The book should be read as a history that devotes great attention to mapping out the broad range of encounters and connections Nehru made as a devoted internationalist and anti-imperialist. The later shaped a life striving towards the ambition of liberating India from British rule.
[1] Benjamin Zachariah, Nehru, London 2004.
[2] Josephine Fowler, Japanese and Chinese Immigrant Activists. Organizing in American and International Communist Movements, 1919-1933, New Brunswick 2007, pp. 12–14.
[3] Akira Iriye / Pierre-Yves Saunier (eds.), The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Transnational History, Houndmills 2009, p. xviii.
[4] Mark Mazower, Governing the World, New York 2012; Pankaj Mishra, From the Ruins of Empire, New York 2012.
[5] Michele L. Louro, Comrades against Imperialism, pp. 146–47, 175; Fredrik Petersson, The "Colonial Conference" and Dilemma of the Comintern's Colonial Work, 1928-29, in: Vijay Prashad (ed.), Communist Histories. Volume 1, New Delhi, 2016.
Fredrik Petersson: Rezension zu: Louro, Michele L.: Comrades against Imperialism. Nehru, India, and Interwar Internationalism. Cambridge 2018. ISBN 9781108419307, in: H-Soz-Kult, 23.08.2018, <www.hsozkult.de/publicationreview/id/reb-27008>.
Copyright (c) 2021 by H-NET, Clio-online and connections, and the author, all rights reserved. This work may be copied and redistributed for non-commercial, educational purposes, if permission is granted by the author and usage right holders. For permission please contact geschichte.transnational@uni-leipzig.de.
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Editors Information
Fredrik Petersson
Maria Framke
Citation ⇓
Regional Classification
India, South Asia
Biography, History of ideas, Intellectual history, History of international relations, International organisations, Colonial history, Political history, Postcolonial history, World and global history
Language Publication
Language Contribution