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Climate, Maritime News
Human activities devastate marine species, says environment group
The latest IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ highlights a barrage of threats affecting marine species, including illegal and unsustainable fishing, pollution, climate change and disease. Populations of dugongs – large herbivorous marine mammals – and 44% of all abalone shellfish species enter the IUCN Red List as threatened with extinction; the pillar coral has deteriorated to critically endangered due to accumulated pressures.
The IUCN Red List now includes 150,388 species, of which 42,108 are threatened with extinction. Over 1,550 of the 17,903 marine animals and plants assessed are at risk of extinction, with climate change impacting at least 41% of threatened marine species.
"Today's IUCN Red List update reveals a perfect storm of unsustainable human activity decimating marine life around the globe. As the world looks to the ongoing UN biodiversity conference to set the course for nature recovery, we simply cannot afford to fail," said Dr Bruno Oberle, IUCN Director General.
"We urgently need to address the linked climate and biodiversity crises, with profound changes to our economic systems, or we risk losing the crucial benefits the oceans provide us with."
Abalone species are sold as some of the world's most expensive seafood, with unsustainable extraction and poaching primary threats compounded by climate change, disease and pollution. Twenty of the world's 54 abalone species are now threatened with extinction, according to the first global Red List assessment of these species.
In South Africa, poaching by criminal networks, many connected to the international drugs trade, have devastated populations of the Endangered perlemoen abalone (Haliotis midae).
Increasingly frequent and severe marine heatwaves have caused mass mortalities, killing 99% of Roe's abalones (H. roei) in its most northerly reaches of Western Australia in 2011. Marine heatwaves have exacerbated abalone diseases worldwide, affecting the critically endangered black abalone (H. cracherodii) in California and Mexico, and the Vulnerable green ormer (H. tuberculata), found from the English Channel to Northwest Africa and the Mediterranean.
Marine heatwaves also kill the algae that abalones depend on for food. Pollution from agricultural and industrial run-off cause harmful algal blooms, which have eliminated the Endangered Omani abalone (H. mariae), a commercial species found in the Arabian Peninsula, across half of its range. Toxins such as antifouling boat paint further deplete populations.
"Abalones reflect humanity's disastrous guardianship of our oceans in microcosm: overfishing, pollution, disease, habitat loss, algal blooms, warming and acidification, to name but a few threats. They really are the canary in the coalmine," said Dr Howard Peters, member of the IUCN SSC Mollusc Specialist Group and research associate at the University of York, UK, who led the abalone assessment.
"The most immediate action people can take is to eat only farmed or sustainably sourced abalones. Enforcing fishery quotas and anti-poaching measures is also critical. However, we need to halt the changes to ocean chemistry and temperature to preserve marine life including abalone species over the long term."
Dugong populations in East Africa and New Caledonia have entered the IUCN Red List as critically endangered and endangered respectively; the species remains vulnerable globally. There are now fewer than 250 mature individuals in East Africa and under 900 in New Caledonia.
The primary threats are unintentional capture in fishing gear in East Africa and poaching in New Caledonia, and boat injuries in both locations. In East Africa, oil and gas exploration and production, bottom trawling, chemical pollution and unauthorized coastal development are damaging and destroying the seagrasses that dugongs depend on for food.
The degradation and loss of seagrasses in New Caledonia is the result of agricultural run-off, pollution from nickel mining and coastal development, and damage from boat anchors. The impacts of climate change present a threat throughout the dugongs' wide range.
"Strengthening community-led fisheries governance and expanding work opportunities beyond fishing are key in East Africa, where marine ecosystems are fundamental to people's food security and livelihoods," said Evan Trotzuk, who led the East Africa Red List assessment.
"Further, the creation of additional conserved areas in areas where dugongs live, particularly around Bazaruto Archipelago National Park, would also empower local communities and other stakeholders to find, implement, and benefit from solutions that halt long-term declines in dugong abundance, as well as in seagrass extent and quality."
The pillar coral (Dendrogyra cylindrus), found throughout the Caribbean from the Yucatan Peninsula and Florida to Trinidad and Tobago, has moved from vulnerable to critically endangered on the IUCN Red List, after its population shrunk by over 80% across most of its range since 1990.
The most urgent threat is Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease, which has emerged in the past four years and is highly contagious, infecting between 90 and 100 meters of reef per day.
Bleaching caused by increased sea surface temperatures and excess antibiotics, fertilizers and sewage running into the sea have weakened corals and made them more susceptible to disease. Overfishing around coral reefs has depleted the number of grazing fish, allowing algae to dominate and putting further pressure on corals.
Photo credit: iStock/Vitalii Kalutskyi
More help for seafarers facing crisis


Congregations across the country are struggling to remain, or even achieve, relevance in their communities. The struggle is just as difficult for seminaries seeking to serve those churches.
Wake Forest University School of Divinity has kicked off an initiative to prepare alumni serving in churches and current students for ministry in a culturally, religiously and economically fluid American landscape.
The Baptist Commons was launched in March to support holistic education and foster dialogue between Baptists and with other traditions. It's also a celebration of the university's Baptist roots.
The concept for the school originated with divinity school Dean Gayle O'Day, who is currently on research leave.
"It grew out of her concern to foster Baptist identity inside an ecumenical divinity school," said Bill Leonard, professor of Baptist studies and church history at the School of Divinity.
There also have been requests from Baptist alums for insights into how better serve churches in difficult times, he said.
Leonard spoke recently about the Baptist Commons, its mission and the challenges it seeks to help current and future ministers overcome.
Baptists and other Christian groups face many cultural and economic hurdles. Did that inspire the creation of this program, and its timing?
Yes. I think so. It's kind of multilayered. One of our largest groups of denominationally identified students are Baptists. We have a large number of students, from Southern Baptist to Independent Baptist to National Baptists. So, part of this is a response to the diverse Baptist community that we have, racially and denominationally. It's an effort to take that very seriously.
Is it also about educating students about what it means to be Baptist, whatever group they're from?
That's the second layer. These students are going into churches that use the name Baptist in some way or other. But because those old denominational networks are so fluid or disappearing, these students didn't grow up necessarily knowing what that meant any more than these churches know. This is about a theological and ecclesiastical identity that we think is very important and needs to be focused on.
Is fading denominationalism and religious identity also considered?
Yes. That's the third element. In the Baptist context, these realities of the contemporary church, declining membership, declining finances, declining resources, will all be addressed in the Baptist Commons. Wake is doing that with other denominational groups as well — with Episcopalians, Presbyterians, Congregationalists, Pentecostals and others. The Divinity School is doing that. This moment in American ecclesiastical life demands that we have this kind of intentionality.
Is that where the program provides its practical application for students?
This initial gathering was a way of communicating to students, alumni and supporters — particularly to Baptist supporters — the Divinity School is taking this very seriously. … We are very concerned about addressing these practical realities, not just trends. I gave up calling them trends. They are realities. I don't care what church you are in across theological and racial and contextual and cultural spectrum, you have to confront these realities.
How will those challenges be covered?


Abstract: BridgeCAD is an integrated large capacity UNlX workstation modeling software for visualising, analysing, dimensioning and drawing bridge super- and substructures. It is a part of the CityCAD infrastructure design system and it's database is integrated in the CityCADs relational database. BridgeCAD is specialized in modeling concrete girder bridges. In the BridgeCAD the modeling procedure has been split into several well defined parts and related programs. The core of the BridgeCAD consists of the BCMOD, an interactive graphics program, which is used for constructing the three-dimensional model of the bridge superstructure. Other program parts are abutment modeling, bridge visualization, structural analysis, dimensioning and drawing modules.


Call soon to check if hospitality is available for this season's games. Email.
The package includes complimentary pre-match bar at St. Peters Rugby Club, where you will get an opportunity to part-take of a true Rocks welcome from the committee and members of the club.
Excellent three course dinner with wine and complimentary bar.
Transport to the Millennium Stadium.


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German liberals: Better off in opposition
Christian Lindner has very good reasons not to join a four-party coalition.
By	Thorsten Benner
Christian Lindner, chairman of the German Free Democratic Party | Michael Gottschalk/Photothek via Getty Images
The failure this week of negotiations over a four-party "Jamaica" coalition in Germany has a face: Christian Lindner. It was the 38-year-old leader of the pro-business Free Democratic Party (FDP) who pulled the plug and decided to walk away just before midnight on Sunday.
Leaving his stunned negotiation partners behind, he read a prepared statement into the TV cameras that it was "better not to govern than to govern in the wrong way." Just a few minutes later the FDP social media operation distributed illustrations of this slogan. His final act on Sunday bore all the hallmarks of a carefully planned staging.
Indeed, Lindner has very good reasons to not join a four-party coalition just after he managed to lead the FDP from the political wilderness back into parliament. He has sought to re-brand the FDP as a party with clear principles, delineating core demands that the FDP would pursue: investing in education, promoting digital transformation, lowering taxes, blocking an EU "transfer union" and controlling immigration. After a compelling campaign, the party re-entered parliament with 10.7 percent of the vote.
Lindner had little time to savor his victory. Not only was his triumph overshadowed by the 12.6 percent showing of the right-wing Alternative for Germany (AfD). The refusal of the Social Democrats to consider another coalition with Chancellor Angela Merkel's CDU threw the FDP straight into negotiations to form an unruly four-party coalition government with the CDU/CSU and the Greens. It's an arrangement that would have forced the FDP into painful compromises on some of its signature campaign issues.
Lindner very rationally concluded that the FDP is better served in opposition and that it has no reason to fear new elections.
During the negotiations, Lindner secured some wins. He secured, for example, an agreement to partly abolish the "solidarity tax" for re-building East Germany that was introduced after the fall of the wall. But overall it would have been difficult for him to sell the inevitable compromises of a Jamaica coalition as a big win for the FDP.
On education, the CSU remained opposed to any meaningful authority for the federal government (as opposed to the state level). On digital transformation, it would have been hard for the FDP to lead, since the CDU has woken up to the importance of the issue. And as long as the Greens and parts of the CDU (with Francophile Peter Altmaier as possible finance minister) remained sympathetic to French President Emmanuel Macron's proposals for eurozone reform, there would always be the danger that the FDP would be dragged toward more Europe.
Angela Merkel glances at Christian Lindner in the Bundestag | Odd Andersen/AFP via Getty Images
The beginning of the end of Angela Merkel
In defense of Christian Lindner
Konstantin Richter
Most Germans favor snap election: poll
Judith Mischke
Christian Lindner rules out resuming German coalition talks
So, Lindner very rationally concluded that the FDP is better served in opposition and that it has no reason to fear new elections. If a new election leads to another grand coalition, Lindner may have his preferred outcome after all: four years of an uncompromising opposition role (even if he will have to share that stage with the AfD).
That would likely work out well for Lindner. According to a recent poll, 32 percent of all Germans blame the FDP for walking out of the coalition talks. Linder's personal approval rating dropped by 13 percent over the past three weeks. For many voters, the end to the coalition talks seemed to be a bit too carefully orchestrated. And the solo show of Lindner in front of the TV cameras reminded them of the "Me, Me, Me" egotist image that has been an integral part of the FDP brand. But Lindner only has to convince a good 10 percent of voters. And many will appreciate that he stuck to his guns and for once the party did not make compromises just for the sake of being in government.
Some commentators allege that this is all part of a plan to transform the FDP into a populist-nationalist party, a sort of "AfD light." Lindner, the argument goes, is looking to follow in the footsteps of Austria's Sebastian Kurz, who leveraged non-extreme right-wing sentiment to his advantage and will be Austria's youngest ever chancellor.
Sebastian Kurz will become Austria's youngest ever chancellor | Thomas Kronsteiner/Getty Images
To be sure, by stressing the need for an "orderly" immigration regime, the FDP sought to attract some voters turned off by Merkel's refugee policy. But this alone is not a viable strategy. Medium-term, the CDU will not allow for the emergence of an FDP positioned to its right.
Lindner was able to score points on immigration because of Merkel's still open flank on the issue. But that is just a very fleeting opportunity, given that reasserting control is the new CDU/CSU mantra on migration. And Lindner will not be able to move the FDP further toward the right without losing those in the party that have a pro-business or pro-civil liberties stance.
Even those hoping for meaningful eurozone reform along the lines of what Macron has proposed should be pleased with Lindner's decision.
The FDP has a more unique role as a party championing a combination of fiscal conservatism, economic innovation and support for civil liberties. In the coming four years, Lindner concluded very rationally, it can best play this role in opposition.
Meanwhile, even those hoping for meaningful eurozone reform along the lines of what Macron has proposed should be pleased with Lindner's decision. For them, it is better to have a German caretaker government than one with the wrong red lines.
Thorsten Benner is director of the Global Public Policy Institute (GPPi) in Berlin.
German state of Brandenburg gets centrist 'Kenya' coalition
Social Democrats agree to team-up with other centrist parties, but far-right will be strongest local opposition.
Germany's Europe minister launches double-team bid to lead Social Democrats
SPD pins hopes on dual leadership system to help win back voters.
Germany's Social Democrats cling to power in Bremen
Despite winning the election, the conservatives are shut out of power in the city-state.
German minister says Berlin must 'redefine' relations with US
'It is good that we will still be able to hold talks despite the shutdown in the US,' Heiko Maas says ahead of trip to Washington.
New German conservative leader steps out of Merkel's shadow
Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer thrived as a regional politician. Now she has to prove herself on the national stage.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Hampstead Highgate Express > Sport
Wojciechowski backs his protégées to end Britain's 52-year wait for Olympic fencing medal
Ben Pearce
Published: 9:00 AM August 4, 2016
Left to right: Great Britain's Marcus Mepstead, James Davis, Richard Kruse and Laurence Halsted at the British Fencing Elite Training Centre in Hendon (pic: PA) - Credit: PA WIRE
It may seem rather improbable that all four members of the British men's fencing squad learned their trade in north London, but it is by no means a coincidence.
Ziemek Wojciechowski (pic: PA) - Credit: PA ARCHIVE IMAGES
Richard Kruse, 33, Laurence Halsted, 32, James Davis, 25, and Marcus Mepstead, 26, have all been trained by Ziemek Wojciechowski, an 11-time Polish champion and 1976 Olympian who lives in Willifield Way in Hampstead Garden Suburb.
Wojciechowski, 67, arrived on these shores in 1978 to become Britain's national coach and, when his time in that role ended, he established the Finchley Foil junior club in Mill Hill along with his late first wife, Susan Wrigglesworth – a three-time Olympic fencer – while also working at Salle Paul in Hendon.
Kruse, Davis and Halsted all developed their skills at Finchley Foil before moving to Salle Paul, where Mepstead was a member.
They then worked with Wojciechowski at international level when he reprised his role as national coach between 2007 and 2013 – preparing them for the London 2012 Olympics. And when the Pole set up a new club, ZFW, at South Hampstead High School, Kruse and Davis followed him.
This is his 23rd year working with Kruse, and he estimates he has coached Davis for 16 years, Halsted for 20 years and Mepstead for 10 years.
The quartet have now gone their separate ways, but Kruse still works closely with Wojciechowski at ZFW, while Mepstead is still in London with Sussex House in Westminster.
Davis is still a member at ZFW and will be coaching there during a summer camp after the Olympics, yet he now trains at the Massialas Foundation in San Francisco, which is run by USA national coach Greg Massialas. Meanwhile, Halsted – the son of Olympic fencers Nick and Clare Halsted – is in Denmark.
Nonetheless, the gang is getting back together in Rio. Kruse, Davis and Halsted – who fought together at London 2012 – will compete in the individual foil event on Sunday and then in the team competition next Friday. Mepstead is the reserve, and Wojciechowski has also made the trip to aid his protégées.
"There are all sorts of factors to make the jigsaw which creates a strong team, and one of them of course is that they have spent lots of time together – or at least in the past they used to," said Wojciechowski.
"Now we have the really interesting situation that every team member trains somewhere else in different environments.
"But when they come together they are a wonderful team because in the past they have spent so much time together – they are like brothers."
Britain has not won an Olympic fencing medal since 1964, and the 2012 Games were underwhelming. The men's foil team went out in the quarter-finals and Kruse, the best individual hope, came 17th.
Things have changed since then, however. In 2013 Davis, who grew up in Barnet, became the first Briton to win a Grand Prix title since 2009, triumphing in St Petersburg – and the following year he won the nation's first ever European foil gold medal.
In February this year, the British team finished ninth at the World Cup to qualify for the Olympics – which they did not have to do in 2012, as hosts – while Davis won the individual event.
In March, Kruse won the Grand Prix event in Cuba, securing his first gold medal for seven years, and in June the team won bronze at the European Championships.
Halsted said: "It feels like the culmination of a 10-year project to find a team that is strong enough to compete at this level [in the Olympics], and in the last year we have come on so much."
Wojciechowski concurs, adding: "We have been working extremely hard for many years to get this team to this place.
"Unfortunately in the last Olympic Games we came sixth because in the top eight we faced [the eventual champions] Italy, and they were a little bit stronger than us at that stage of development. Still they are potential candidates for medals, no question, but they are more beatable than four years ago.
"Our team has got stronger through huge changes in James Davis. In 2012 he was very young, it was his first Olympics.
"Richard and Laurence are more or less at the level they were before, I would say, maybe slightly better. The difference is the experience and huge change of James' performance. He really shot up after 2012. In 2013 and 2014 he was winning European Championships and Grand Prix.
"Now he has consolidated his position in the world and with him, and very experienced fencers like Laurence – who is a very clever fencer – and Richard, who is a master tactician, our team is much stronger. Also Marcus, the reserve, has made huge progress and is getting top-16 results."
Wojciechowski went on: "I know the strength of other teams and I know the strength of our team and our individuals, and I think we've never before, in the history of foil in the Olympics, had such a big chance to win a medal, both in the individual or team events.
"I would say our chances of a medal in the team are slightly higher as it's the accumulation of three individuals, and because of the composition and strength of other teams as well. We really have got a very good chance, more than ever."
Kruse has already achieved an impressive feat by being present at his fourth Olympics. That achievement seemed unlikely four years ago after his frustrations in London, and his immediate reaction was that he "would probably continue for another year at international level" before retiring. Yet here he is again.
Wojciechowski believes the rapid rise of Davis has driven Kruse on, encouraging him to improve as an individual while also giving him genuine hope that a team medal might be possible in Rio.
He added: "It was obviously a disappointing situation in London because there was so much pressure on everyone to produce the results.
"I think Richard just loves sport and loves competing, and he can still produce world-class results. Earlier this year he won the Grand Prix competition in Havana and everyone was saying 'he's able to beat everyone'. It's hard to stop when things are going so well.
"I think when he saw James winning St Petersburg in 2013 and he made the top eight, he had some good results which made him believe – and me as well – that he has got it.
"There was a period where Laurence and Richard were working closely together and James was too far behind. Now James has overtaken Laurence and has reached Richard's level, and they're pushing each other. Every training session when they were together was the last touch and it was great to see them.
"I think Richard can see that, with James in the team, as well as Laurence, they can produce results and medals.
"That's probably a factor – that competitiveness and camaraderie with James. They are extremely good friends and they are great competitors at the same time.
"I'm so thrilled that I've got two guys who I've worked with all my career and they're at the top of the world, with a realistic chance of a medal not only in the team, but individually."


"BIGGS, HUDSON W., ABLE SEAMAN "
BIGGS, Able Seaman, HUDSON W AL TER, 0/7257.
H.M.S. Neptune. Royal New Zealand Naval Volunteer Reserve. 19th December 1941. Age 25.
Son of Leonard and Elizabeth Biggs (nee Hudson), of Avonside, Christchurch, Canterbury.
New Zealand Naval Memorial , Devonport, Auckland, - North Shore City NZ Panel 10.


This topic demonstrates error and exception handling in ASP.NET Web API.
There is a specific exception provided by ASP.NET Web API. It is the HttpResponseException. The HttpResponseException returns any HTTP status code that you specify in the constructor. For example, the following get method returns 404 Not Found, if the car entity is not found.
ReasonPhrase = "Car not found"
To apply the filter to all api controllers (globally), register the attribute in the GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Filters collection. You can do this in the Application_Start method of Global.asax.


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Tel: 0345 644 8955 (TPS Registered)
HR Support for SMEs Employment Law Training
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About Kate Russell BA (Hons), Barrister, MA Clients
Leona Lewis And Employers' Liability
Former X-Factor winner Leona Lewis, was assaulted recently while she was carrying out a book signing event in London.
Ms Lewis was shocked, but fortunately did not suffer any serious harm, thanks to the prompt actions of security guards. Peter Kopwalczyk was later arrested, charged and sent for a psychiatric assessment.
Mr Kopwalczyk was not employed by the book store, but what would have been the situation if he had been a Waterstones employee? Under the doctrine of vicarious liability, an employer may be vicariously liable for negligent acts or omissions by his employee in the course of employment, whether or not such act or omission was specifically authorised by the employer.
To avoid vicarious liability, the employer will have to demonstrate either that the employee was not negligent (in that the employee was reasonably careful) or that the employee was acting in his own right rather than on the employer's business.
Such liability may arise in a variety of circumstances, including criminal acts by an employee. A big risk area is where an employee engages in unlawful harassment in the course of employment, whether to someone else within the company, or to a third party. Harassment is defined as unwanted language or behaviour which has the purpose or effect, either of violating an individual's dignity, or creating an environment which is offensive, humiliating, degrading or intimidating. So what can employers do to protect themselves? To establish a defence against harassment, you must show that you have taken all such steps as are reasonably practicable to prevent the harassment.
You need not actually prevent an employee behaving inappropriately (which would be very difficult) but you must take such steps as you reasonably can to discourage such behaviour and be able to show that you have done so. A good start is to draft a policy, which will set out what the organisation requires. But just having a policy is not enough.
You may need to provide training so that employees understand what constitutes harassment and what is expected of them. And in the event of an incident, you must carry out a timely and thorough investigation. You also need to show that you have taken appropriate action.
Obviously, we hope that you never find yourself in this situation, but as an employer these days, you need to be prepared for every eventuality, however unlikely you may think its occurrence may be. Our book 101 tips for employers which covers this, and many other employment law topics, is currently on sale at half price – £21.00 + £2.99 p&p. If you would like any help in creating a policy and setting up a training programme, or need advice on an on-going situation of this nature give us a call.
Russell HR Consulting provides expert knowledge in HR solutions, employment law training and HR tools and resources to businesses across the UK.
Subscribe to our free monthly HR newsletter. Russell HR Consulting employment law newsletters are emailed automatically to our ever-growing number of subscribers every month.
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"Thank You" – Two Magic Words 02 / 12 / 2020
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Battlefield Memories 11 / 11 / 2020
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Home Financial Help 4 Students Money from Garbage – A Rubbish Idea or a Secret Treasure?
Only few people worry about where their garbage is going. After all, some pay attention to the correct waste separation and disposal. But the fact that you can still make money with old stuff and that recycling is not only good for the environment, but also for your wallet, is known by very few. We have explained for you how to get the most out of your garbage.
Many things that the average consumer simply disposed of in household waste, are still worth good money. Scrap metal, for example, is a highly sought after recyclable material. Especially aluminum, brass, copper, and zinc sheet are real treasures. However, the sale is worthwhile only if you sell larger quantities.
Even with waste paper, you can earn some money. So instead of disposing paper, you can collect it and then sell it when there is enough of it. However, this requires a little space and patience. There is even more money for white paper than for recycled paper.
Another source of money that is often underestimated are bottles. Many consumers still dispose of their empty bottles in the trash – in defiance of the high pledge. You don't need to collect bottles of strangers from the street 🙂 it is enough to change your own habit and stop throwing bottles that are used in your home. S single PET bottle can be sold for up to 25 cents! Which is why bottles should always be collected instead of thrown away.
As the smartphone industry continues to bring new models to the market, old cell phones are being phased out more and more frequently. Almost everyone has at least one old cell phone at home that he does not need any more. Even that old phone can be sold to make money. Various portals on internet offer a platform where you can sell or purchase old equipment. On these platforms, you can estimate the residual value of the model for free and in an uncomplicated way. Selling it is also simple and easy work. With this option, the devices can be reused or recycled properly.
The idea of making money from garbage is becoming increasingly popular. On internet, you can sell so many things; you will be surprised to see what people are willing to pay for stuff that others consider junk. For instance, you can sell empty or used toner cartridges, printers, ink re-filling kits, etc.
A company that specializes in the recycling of old toner in an environmentally conscious way and relies on recycling old printer parts, is actually making money by buying these old parts from online users and then recycling them into something new.
Thanks to such companies, you don't have to throw valuable stuff in the trash. The process is quite simple: Old cartridges can be collected and a list of the price per cartridge is determined independently. The old cartridges are then packed in a box and sent.
And that's not only good for the environment, but also for your own household budget. This is how toners can be recycled in an environmentally sound way, so that the huge pile of rubbish that keeps building up every year can be combated. Unfortunately, almost 90% of the accumulating printer cartridges are still disposed of in the trash.
Similarly, there are other sites that buy old stuff and turn them into something new in an environmentally friendly way. This is a lucrative business and you can too become a part of it by not disposing old electrical cables, CDs, DVDs, discarded cell phones to thrash. As you can see, with a few tricks and little effort, you can get cash out of your trash every day!
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1. Navibration Experiences Platform
1.1. Navibration Experiences will be a platform (the "Navibration Experiences Platform") that will aim to develop a decentralized network of audio guided routes that will take advantage of the blockchain technology to provide a fair and transparent system of rewards and incentives. The use of the blockchain technology will allow the platform to be completely decentralized, so that different Users can take control of their actions through the multiplatform. The Navibration Experiences platform will give the opportunity to participate in the social media market and multimedia istribution as a protagonist, using the Navibration Token (NAVI) as a cryptocurrency.
1.2. For a more detailed description of the proposed Navibration Experiences Platform, see
1.2.1.a) the Navibration website at https://www.navibration.com/token-sale/;
1.2.1.b) the Navibration WhitePaper (it can be found at https://www.navibration.com/Navibration-whitepaper-EN.pdf);
(collectively referred to as the "Project Documentation")
1.3. The information contained in the Project Documentation is of a descriptive nature only, is not binding and is not part of these T&C.
2. Scope of T&C
2.1. Unless otherwise stated in these T&C, these T&C (including the terms incorporated herein by reference) govern only your contribution to Navibration for the purchase of NAVI during the Contribution Period (as defined below).
2.2. Any future possible use of NAVI in connection with the provision or receipt of services on the Navibration Experiences Platform will be subject to and governed by the other applicable terms, conditions and policies related to the use of the Navibration Experiences Platform ("Platform Terms"). These terms of the platform will be available to users of the Navibration Experiences Platform, if the Navibration Experiences Platform is developed and implemented successfully.
3. Contribution period
3.1. Contributions can be made during a defined period of time ("Contribution Period"). The Contribution Period will begin on a date to be published in www.navibration.com/token-sale/ and will end in compliance with one of the following conditions ("Termination Conditions") (whichever comes first):
3.1.1.a) The Hard Cap (1,500,000 USD) is reached (as defined in these T&C); or
3.1.1.b) the expiration of a certain period (to be published in www.navibration.com/token-sale/) from the beginning of the Contribution Period.
4. Creation and issuance of NAVI through the "Smart Contract System"
4.1. Navibration has implemented an intelligent contract system (the "Smart Contract System") in the Ethereum blockchain in order to create its own property tokens ("NAVI") and issue said NAVI to the Ethereum portfolio of the Collaborator. NAVI will be based on the ERC20 token standard and is intended to have the functionality set out in Annex 1.
4.2. The "Smart Contract" is public and can be found at:
https://github.com/Navibration/smart-contract
5. Method of contribution
5.1. You can contribute to Navibration during the Sale of Tokens in the manner described in this clause 5.
5.2. The creation and publication of NAVI will be initiated during the Contribution Period by the Collaborator transferring: - an amount in ETH or BTC to the wallets (for cryptocurrencies) provided on the Navibration ICO platform (https://ico.navibration.com/); or - an amount in ETH, BTC, XRP, USDT or PROB on ProBit Exchange (https://www.probit.com, https://www.probit.kr); or - an amount in USD or EUR to the bank account (for fiat) provided on the Navibration platform https://ico.navibration.com/. The receipt of the contribution will result in a process through which NAVI will be created and issued to the address of the Ethereum wallet from which the contribution was received or the Ethereum wallet indicated by the user in the case of the contribution was not received from an Ethereum wallet.
5.3. Contributions will be sent exclusively to the wallets or bank account specified on the Navibration ICO platform (https://ico.navibration.com/) or through ProBit Exchange (https://www.probit.com, https://www.probit.kr) in accordance with clause 5.2. To the extent that any third party website, service or intelligent contract offers to receive contributions and issue NAVI or facilitates the assignment or transfer of NAVI in any way during the Contribution Period, such third party websites or services are, unless that are expressly set forth in these T&C or those mentioned on the Navibration website, not authorized by Navibration or have any legal, commercial or relationship value in any way with Navibration, the Navibration Experiences Platform or the NAVI.
5.4. Contributors who send contributions [...]:
5.4.1.a) in any fiduciary currency other than USD or EUR, or any cryptocurrency other than ETH, BTC, XRP, USDT or PROB; or
5.4.1.b) to any third-party website, smart wallet, service or contract or "Smart Contract" that offers NAVI in the manner described in clause 5.3.
[...] will risk losing their full contribution and Navibration will not be responsible for recovering or returning any of these contributions to the taxpayer or contributor nor should Navibration be held liable for any losses incurred by the taxpayer in this regard.
5.5 In order to receive NAVI, Contributors must have an Ethereum wallet that supports the standard ERC20 token (in other words, the Employee's Ethereum wallet must have a technical infrastructure that is compatible with the reception, storage, and transfer of NAVI, being tokens created based on in the standard ERC20 token). Navibration reserves the right to prescribe additional conditions related to the specific purse requirements at any time, acting in its sole and absolute discretion.
5.6. Subject to compliance with the above provisions of this clause, the creation and issuance of NAVI through the Smart Contract System, and the delivery of NAVI to the address of the Ethereum wallet of the Contributor or Contributor will be approximately in one month after the conclusion of the Contribution Period.
6. Price of the NAVI
The price for NAVI will be denominated in USD and the base price of NAVI will be 1 NAVI = 0.01 USD but there will be some specific bonus or discounts under certain periods or circumstances.
7. Refunds, refusals, suspension and termination of contributions
7.1. Navibration has imposed a minimum goal of aggregate contribution equivalent to 100,000 USD ("Minimum Objective"). At the end of the Contribution Period, if the total sum of all contributions received is less than the Minimum Objective, Navibration shall, within a reasonable period of time, make reasonable efforts to make a full refund of the contributions to the Contributor interested in it.
7.2. Navibration reserves the right to reject any contribution made at any time in our sole and absolute discretion. To the extent that we refuse a contribution, we will make every reasonable effort to ensure that the contribution is returned to the wallet or bank account of the Contributor from which the contribution was made, however, we do not guarantee, represent or offer any guarantee that we will be able to recover and / or return these contributions successfully.
7.3. Subject to clauses 7.1 and 7.2 and except to the extent required by applicable law, all contributions received under these T&C are final and Contributors will not be entitled to claim any refund of contributions by the NAVI.
7.4. At any time prior to the satisfaction of the End Conditions, Navibration may temporarily suspend or permanently cancel the Sale of Tokens for security reasons. Any suspension or abortion of the Sale of Tokens will be considered initiated from the moment that Navibration publishes a notice to that effect on its website.
7.5. During any period of suspension or in case the Contribution Period is canceled, the wallets or bank account will no longer be able to receive and accept contributions, create NAVI and / or issue NAVI to Taxpayers or Collaborators. Taxpayers or contributors who send us contributions (after we post a notice that the sale of tokens has been suspended or canceled in accordance with clause 7.4) risk losing their total contribution and we will not be responsible for recovering or returning those contributions. Contributions to the Contributor, nor shall we be liable for the losses suffered by the Contributor or Contributor in this regard. Therefore, collaborators are strongly recommended to visit our website before submitting a contribution.
8. Token functionality
8.1. NAVI's ownership does not entail rights, whether express or implied, that are not a potential future limited right or the expectation to use and interact with the Navibration Experiences Platform (as described in Annex 1), if the Navibration Platform Experiences develops successfully and ends up unfolding. Any possible future right or expectation related to the provision and receipt of services on the Navibration Experiences Platform will be subject to the restrictions and limitations set forth in these T&C and / or Platform Terms (as applicable).
8.2. You acknowledge and agree that NAVI does not represent or constitute:
8.2.1.a) any right of ownership or participation, share, security, basic product, bond, debt instrument or any other financial instrument or investment with equivalent rights;
8.2.1.b) any right to receive future income, shares or any other form of participation or government from, in or in connection with Navibration and / or the Navibration Experiences Platform;
8.2.1.c) any form of money or legal offer in any jurisdiction, nor do they constitute any representation of money (including electronic money); or
8.2.1.d) the provision of any product and / or service to the date on which these T&C form a binding agreement between the Parties.
8.3. The protections afforded by the applicable law in relation to the acquisition, storage, sale and / or transfer of the instruments and / or investments referred to in clause 8.2 shall not apply to any contribution made under these T & Cs for the acquisition of NAVI or for storage, sale and / or transfer of NAVI.
8.4. Navibration makes no warranties or representations nor does it offer any guarantee (in each case, whether express or implied) that NAVI confers rights of use, functionality, features, purpose or real and / or exercisable attributes in relation to the Navibration Experiences Platform.
9. Representations and guarantees of the collaborator
9.1. By participating in the sale of tokens and sending a contribution for the acquisition of NAVI, you hereby represent and warrant that:
9.1.1.a) you have read and understood these T&C (including all Annexes);
9.1.1.b) you have the authority and will to accept these T & Cs, to enter into a binding agreement with Navibration and to comply with the obligations set forth in this document;
9.1.1.c) you accept these Terms and Conditions and the completion of a binding agreement with Navibration will not result in any breach, conflict or constitute a material breach by virtue of: (i) any provision of the Articles of Association or corporate documents; (ii) any provision of any judgment, decree or order imposed on the Contributor by any court or governmental or regulatory authority; and / or (iii) any material agreement, obligation, duty or commitment of which the Contributor is a party or for which the Taxpayer is related;
9.1.1.d) you understand the functionality, use, storage, transmission mechanisms and complexities associated with cryptographic tokens (such as Bitcoin and Ethereum), token storage facilities (including digital token wallets), blockchain technology and blockchain-based software;
9.1.1.e) you have obtained sufficient information about the possible future use and functionality of NAVI to make an informed decision to participate in the Sale of Tokens in accordance with these T&C;
9.1.1.f) you understand that the NAVI confers only a future potential or limited expectation to use and interact with the Navibration Experiences Platform (as described more particularly in Annex 1) and that the NAVI does not confer any other right of any type with respect to Navibration and / or the Platform of Navibration Experiences, including, among others, any voting, distribution, settlement, ownership (including all forms of intellectual property rights) or other financial or legal rights;
9.1.1.g) if you are an individual, you are at least 18 years of age, have sufficient legal capacity to accept these Terms and Conditions and to enter into a binding agreement with Navibration under the terms set forth in this document;
9.1.1.h) if you are making a contribution for the acquisition of NAVI on behalf of a company or legal entity, that entity is duly constituted, registered and valid in accordance with the applicable laws of the jurisdiction in which the company is established or legal entity;
9.1.1.i) if you are making a contribution for the purchase of NAVI on behalf of a company or individual or legal entity, you are authorized to accept these T&C and enter into a binding contract with Navibration on behalf of that company or individual or legal entity (and in such circumstances, the references in these T&C to "Contributor", "your" or "you" will be a reference to the entity or person on whose behalf you are authorized to make a contribution);
9.1.1.j) you are making a contribution to the purchase of NAVI to support the development, testing, implementation and operation of the Navibration Experiences Platform and to potentially use and interact with the Navibration Experiences Platform in the future. You are not making a contribution under these T & Cs for any other use or purpose, including, without limitation, any investment, speculation or other financial purpose;
9.1.1.k) any contribution you make to the purchase of NAVI is not derived or related to illicit activities, including, but not limited to, money laundering or terrorist financing activities;
9.1.1.l) you must not use NAVI to finance, participate or support illegal activities;
9.1.1.m) the contribution will be transferred from a wallet or bank account that: (i) is registered in your name or on behalf of a person duly authorized by you to send a contribution to Navibration; and (ii) is not on or is not registered in the name of a person located in or residing in the United States of America, China or any country or territory where ICOs (Initial Coin Offering) are prohibited.
9.1.1.n) making a contribution and receiving NAVI under these T&C is not illegal or prohibited by the laws of its jurisdiction or according to the laws of any other jurisdiction to which it may be subject and any contribution will be made in full compliance with applicable laws (which include, but are not limited to, in compliance with any tax liability to which you may be subject in any relevant jurisdiction);
9.1.1.o) you are not a citizen or resident or domiciled in the United States of America, China, or any country or territory where ICOs (Initial Coin Offering) are prohibited, or make a contribution for the purchase of NAVI from those locations, nor you are an entity (including, but not limited to any company or partnership) incorporated, established or registered in or under the laws of those locations, or making a contribution for the purchase of NAVI by or on behalf of said person or company;
9.1.1.p) you are not subject to any sanction administered or executed by any country, government or international authority, nor is it a resident or is it established (in the case of a corporate entity) in a country or territory that is subject to a sanction throughout the country or in the entire territory imposed by any country or government or international authority; and
9.1.1.q) you will comply with any applicable tax liability in your jurisdiction that arises from your acquisition, storage, sale or transfer of NAVI.
10. Risks
You acknowledge and agree that sending a contribution for the purchase of NAVI, the creation and issuance of NAVI and the development and deployment of the Navibration Experiences Platform entails significant financial, regulatory and reputational risks, including, but not limited to, those set out in Annex 2 of these T&C.
BY MAKING A CONTRIBUTION TO NAVIBRATION AND ACCEPTING THESE T&C YOU EXPRESSLY ACKNOWLEDGE, ACCEPT AND ASSUME THESE RISKS.
11. Audit of the "Smart Contract" system
11.1. Navibration will make every reasonable effort to have the Smart Contract system audited and approved by technical experts with respect to the accuracy and security of the underlying code.
11.2. Notwithstanding the provisions of clause 11.1, the smart contract technology is still in an initial stage of development and its application is currently of an experimental nature, which entails significant operational, technological, financial, regulatory and reputational risks. Consequently, while any audit conducted will raise the level of security and precision of the "Smart Contract System", you acknowledge, understand and accept that the audit does not amount to any form of guarantee, (either expressed or implied) that the "Smart Contract System "and NAVI are suitable for a particular purpose or that are free from defects, weaknesses, vulnerabilities, viruses or errors that could cause, among other things, the total loss of contributions and / or NAVI.
12. Security
You are responsible for implementing all reasonable and appropriate measures to protect the wallet or other storage mechanism used to send a contribution and to receive and store the NAVIs that the Smart Contract System has issued, including any private keys required or other credentials necessary to access said storage mechanisms. If you lose your private key (s) or other access credentials, you may lose access to your NAVI. Navibration will not be responsible for any security measures related to your receipt, possession, storage, transfer or possible future use of the NAVI, nor will we have any obligation to recover or return any NAVI and hereby exclude (to the extent permitted by applicable law) any liability for any security breach or other acts or omissions that result in your loss (including loss of access) to the NAVI issued during the Token Sale.
13. Right to request information
We may determine, in our sole and absolute discretion, that it is necessary to obtain certain information about you in order to comply with the applicable law in connection with the creation and issuance of the NAVI for you. You agree to provide us with such information in a timely manner upon request, and acknowledge and agree that we may reject any contribution for the purchase of the NAVI until you provide such requested information and have determined that the NAVI can be created and issued to you under the law applicable at all times.
14. Compensation
14.1. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, indemnify, defend and hold harmless Navibration and our respective employees, officers, directors, contractors, consultants, shareholders, suppliers, service providers, parent companies and subsidiaries of the past, present and future, affiliates, agents, representatives, predecessors, successors and assigns (the "Navibration Parties") of and against any and all claims, claims, actions, damages, losses and expenses (including reasonable professional and legal fees) ) that arise from or related to:
14.1.1.a) its acquisition or use of the NAVI under these T&C;
14.1.1.b) performance or non-compliance with its responsibilities or obligations under these T&C;
14.1.1.c) its breach of any of the terms and conditions established in these T&C; or
14.1.1.d) your breach of any right of any other person or entity.
14.2. Navibration reserves the right to exercise exclusive control over the defense, at its sole expense, of any claim subject to compensation set forth in clause 14.1.
14.3. The indemnification set forth in this clause 14 is in addition to, and not in lieu of, any other remedy that may be available for Navibration under applicable law.
15.1. To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law and unless otherwise specified in writing by us:
15.1.1.a) the NAVI is sold "as is" and "as available", without warranties or representations of any kind, and expressly waive all warranties and representations related to the NAVI (whether express or implied), including, without limitation, any implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose;
15.1.1.b) we do not represent or guarantee that the NAVI is reliable, is up-to-date or has no defects, complies with its requirements or that defects will be corrected;
15.1.1.c) we cannot and do not represent or warrant that the NAVI or NAVI delivery mechanism is free of viruses or other harmful components.
15.2. Neither these T&C nor the Project Documentation constitute a prospectus or offer document, and they are not an offer to sell, nor the solicitation of an offer to buy, invest or a financial instrument in any jurisdiction. The NAVI should not be acquired for speculative or investment purposes with the expectation of profit with immediate resale.
15.3. No regulatory authority has examined or approved any of the information set forth in these T&C and / or Navibration WhitePaper. No action of this type has been taken or will be taken under the laws, regulatory requirements or rules of any jurisdiction. The publication or distribution of these T&C and / or the Project Documentation does not imply that the laws, regulatory requirements or applicable regulations have been complied with.
16.1. To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, in no case:
16.1.1.a) Navibration or any of the Navibration Parties shall be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential loss of any kind (including, but not limited to, loss of revenue, business or profits, loss of contract or exhaustion of goodwill, loss of anticipated savings, loss of use or data, consequential, indirect, incidental, special, exemplary damage or business interruption damage or any similar loss) that arise or are related in some way to the acquisition, storage, transfer or use of the NAVI or related to these T&C, regardless of the cause of the action, whether by contract, tort (including negligence), breach of legal duty, restitution or any other legal or equitable basis (even if informed Navibration or any of the Navibration Parties about the possibility of such losses and regardless of whether such losses were foreseeable); AND
16.1.1.b) the full responsibility of Navibration and the parties of Navibration (jointly), whether by contract, tort (including negligence), breach of legal obligations, restitution or any other legal or equitable basis, arising from or relate to these The T&C or the use or inability to use the NAVI.
16.2. The limitations and exclusions of liability set forth in clause 16.1 shall not limit or exclude Navibration's responsibility for gross negligence, fraud or intentional, willful or reckless misconduct, nor shall it limit or exclude losses for which, as a matter of applicable law, It would be illegal to limit or exclude liability.
17. Taxation
17.1. You are solely responsible for determining whether your contribution for the development of the Navibration Experiences Platform, the transfer of any cryptocurrency or fiat, the creation, ownership, use, sale, transfer or liquidation of the NAVI, the possible appreciation or depreciation in the value of the NAVI for a period of time (if applicable), the assignment of the NAVI and / or any other action or transaction contemplated by these T&C or related to the Navibration Experiences Platform will give rise to any fiscal implication on your part.
17.2. You are also solely responsible for withholding, collecting, reporting, paying, paying and / or remitting each and every tax to the corresponding tax authorities in said jurisdiction (s) in which you may be required to pay taxes. Navibration will not be responsible for withholding, collecting, reporting, paying, paying and / or remitting taxes (including, among others, income, capital gains, sales, added values or similar taxes) that may arise from your contribution and acquisition of the NAVI under or in relation to these T&C.
17.3. You agree not to hold Navibration or any of the Navibration Parties liable for any tax liability associated or arising from the creation, ownership, use or liquidation of the NAVI or any other action or transaction related to the Navibration Experiences Platform.
18. Resolution of disputes by arbitration
PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING CLAUSE CAREFULLY BECAUSE IT CONTAINS CERTAIN PROVISIONS, SUCH AS A BINDING ARBITRATION CLAUSE AND A CLASS ACTION WAIVER THAT AFFECT YOUR RIGHTS. THIS CLAUSE REQUIRES YOU TO ARBIT CERTAIN DISPUTES AND CLAIMS WITH NAVIBRATION AND LIMITS THE WAY IN WHICH YOU MAY REQUEST A REMEDY FROM US.
18.1. Compulsory arbitration. Except for disputes, claims, actions, causes of action, lawsuits or proceedings (collectively, "Disputes") in which either party seeks an injunction or other equitable compensation for the alleged illicit use of intellectual property, including, among others, copyrights, trademarks, trade names, logos, trade secrets or patents, you and Navibration renounce your rights and those of the NAVI to be resolved in a court each and every one of the disputes arising or related with these T&C. Instead, you and Navibration agree to arbitrate disputes through binding arbitration (which is the referral of a dispute to one or more accused persons with the review of the dispute and the final and binding determination to resolve it instead of the judge or the jury decides the dispute in the court).
18.2. There are no class arbitrations, class actions or representative actions. Any dispute arising out of or related to these T&C is personal to you and to Navibration and will be resolved only through individual arbitration and will not be filed as a collective arbitration, class action or any other type of representative proceeding. There will be no arbitration of class or arbitration in which an individual attempts to resolve a dispute as a representative of another person or group of individuals. In addition, a dispute cannot be presented as a class or other type of representative action, either inside or outside the arbitration, or on behalf of any other person or group of persons.
18.3. Arbitration Rules. The applicability of this clause 18.1 shall be governed and construed in a substantive and procedural manner and shall be enforced in accordance with the Arbitration Rules of the International Chamber of Commerce, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law.
18.4. Informal Resolution of Disputes. Each Party shall notify the other Party in writing of any Dispute within thirty (30) days after the date it is filed, so that the Parties may attempt in good faith to resolve the Dispute informally. The notice to Navibration will be sent by email to info@navibration.com. A notice will be sent to the address you give us in writing in a notice. Your notice must include (i) your name, mailing address, email address and telephone number, (ii) a description with reasonable details of the nature or basis of the Dispute, and (iii) the specific repair you are seeking. If you and Navibration can not agree on how to resolve the dispute within thirty (30) days after the date on which the relevant Party receives the notification, you or Navibration may initiate, as appropriate and in accordance with this clause. 18.1, an arbitration procedure or, to the extent specifically stipulated in clause 18.1, file a claim with the corresponding court.
18.5. Process. Any arbitration will occur in Estonia. The arbitration shall be conducted in a confidential manner by a single arbitrator appointed by the Estonian Chamber of Commerce or "The Estonian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (ECCI)" in accordance with the rules of the Arbitration Rules of the International Chamber of Commerce, which are incorporated here as a reference. The courts located in Estonia will have exclusive jurisdiction over any appeal and the execution of an arbitration decision.
18.6. Authority of the Arbitrator. These T&C, the applicable Arbitration Rules of the International Chamber of Commerce and the arbitrator shall have (i) the exclusive authority and jurisdiction to make all substantive and procedural decisions related to a Dispute, including the determination of whether a Dispute is arbitrable, and (ii) the authority to grant any remedy that would otherwise be available in court, provided, however, that the arbitrator does not have the authority to conduct a class arbitration or a representative or class action, which is prohibited by these T&C. The arbitrator can only carry out an individual arbitration and cannot consolidate more than one individual claim, preside over any type of representative class or procedure or preside over any procedure that involves more than one individual.
18.7. Arbitration Rules. The Arbitration Rules of the International Chamber of Commerce and additional information about the International Chamber of Commerce are available at https://iccwbo.org/dispute-resolution-services/arbitration/rules-of-arbitration. By accepting these T&C, you (i) acknowledge and agree that you have read and understand the Arbitration Rules of the International Chamber of Commerce, or (ii) you waive your opportunity to read the Arbitration Rules of the International Chamber of Commerce and any Claim that the Arbitration Rules of the International Chamber of Commerce are unfair or should not be applied for any reason.
18.8. Severability of Dispute Resolution and Arbitration Provisions. If any term, clause or provision of this clause 18 is considered invalid or unenforceable, it will be applied to the minimum extent applicable and required by law, and all other terms, clauses and provisions of this clause 18 will remain valid and enforceable. In addition, the exemptions established in clause 18.2 above can be separated from the other provisions of these T&C and will continue to be valid and enforceable, except as otherwise prohibited by applicable law.
19. Various
19.1. The Contributor understands and accepts that the network of miners will finally have control of the Smart Contract System or "Smart Contract System" and that most of these miners could agree at any time to make changes in the official Intelligent Contract System or " Official Smart Contract System "and execute a new version of the Intelligent System of Contracts or" Smart Contract System ". Such a scenario could lead to Navibration losing intrinsic value in its project and not being able to carry out its roadmap and fulfill all its business objectives.
19.2. We may modify these Terms and Conditions, even when there are changes in the intended functionality of the NAVI or as required by laws or regulatory requirements to which we are subject. If we make any changes to these T&C, we will post a notice along with the updated T&C on our website and change the "Last updated" date at the top of these T&C. Any modified T&C will become effective immediately after the publication of the notice and updated T&C on our website. It is your responsibility to periodically check these notices and the updated Terms and Conditions on our website.
19.3. If any term, clause or provision of these T&C is found to be illegal, void or unenforceable (in whole or in part), such term, clause or provision may be separated from these T&C without affecting the validity or enforceability of any part remaining of that term, clause or provision, or any other term, clause or provision of these T&C, which shall remain in full force and effect.
19.4. These T&C constitute the entire agreement between the Parties in relation to their subject. These T&C replace and extinguish each and every one of the previous agreements, draft agreements, agreements, warranties, declarations, guarantees, representations and commitments of any nature made by, or on behalf of the Parties, whether oral or written, public or private, in relation to that topic.
19.5. You acknowledge that by accepting these T&C, you have not relied on oral or written statements or undertakings that have been made by or on behalf of Navibration in connection with these T&C at any time prior to your present acceptance ("Pre-contractual Declarations"), other than to those established in these T&C. You hereby waive any and all rights and remedies that would otherwise be available in connection with such pre-contractual statements.
19.6. Nothing in these T&Cs will be deemed to create any form of association, joint venture or any other similar relationship between you and Navibration and / or other persons or entities involved in the development and deployment of the Smart Contract System or "Smart Contract System" and / or the Navibration Experiences Platform.
19.7. The Company shall not be responsible or liable for any breach of these T&C, for any error or delay in compliance or execution of any term of these T&C when and to the extent that such error or delay is caused by or results of acts that are beyond the reasonable control of the affected party, including, among others: (a) floods, fires, earthquakes or explosions; (b) war, invasion, hostilities (declared or not war), threats or terrorist acts or other civil disturbances or causes of force majeure; (c) Law; or (d) action of any governmental or regulatory authority.
19.8. Subject to clause 18.1, these T&C and any dispute or claim arising in connection with its object or formation (including non-contractual disputes and claims) shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of Estonia.
19.9. The parties irrevocably agree that the Estonian Court System will have exclusive jurisdiction to resolve any dispute or claim arising out of or in connection with these T&Cs or their content or training (including non-contractual disputes and claims).
PREVIOUS FUNCTIONALITY OF THE NAVI
The activity in the Platform of Navibration Experiences is destined to be carried out mainly with the NAVI. The main objective of NAVI is, therefore, to operate as a 'currency integrated into the application'.
At the protocol level, tokens are required as an incentive for users to create, store and share content for other users. The content of the Navibration audio-guided routes will be created by the users themselves within the Navibration Experiences Platform in a sequence of four steps; Navibration, for its part, will handle the fifth and final step. All the information related to this process is available in the Navibration WhitePaper.
The use of the NAVI will allow the development of an ecosystem in which it is possible to fairly and transparently reward all users of the Navibration Experiences Platform based on their contribution to it. The NAVI will play a key role in the Navibration Platform. Not only will it reward users, they will need to have a set number of NAVIs with a minimum age to enjoy all the features of the Navibration Experiences Platform.
Additional features can be provided by other smart contracts or "Smart Contracts".
[Although the services can be purchased in the Navibration Experiences Platform in fiduciary currency, users will be incentivized to use the NAVI, since there will be lower transaction fees and rewards for making transactions with the NAVI].
The intention is to create an internal economy within the Platform of Navibration Experiences, by which the NAVI will be an integral part that drives this ecosystem. Therefore, the NAVI will circulate continuously within the Navibration ecosystem, passing from one user to another as a means of consideration for the acquisition of goods and / or services.
Linked to the functionality of the "currency integrated into the application", the NAVI will be used to reward users and participants in the Navibration Experiences Platform for contributing to its development, success and growth.
It is anticipated that 300,000,000 NAVI's will be created. 150,000,000 NAVI's will be sold during the sale of Token and 150,000,000 NAVI's will be used as follows:
- 30,000,000 NAVI's will remain in the hands of the development team and advisors, but cannot be withdrawn within a year by "Smart Contract".
- 30,000,000 NAVI's will be dedicated to cover the expenses related to the ICO.
- 45,000,000 NAVI's will be used to support global expansion, future partnerships, unexpected challenges, etc.
- 45,000,000 NAVI's will be established in an intelligent contract or "Smart Contract" that will automatically assign Navibration in the form of incentives ("Rewards") to attract users and creators of content to the Platform of Navibration Experiences. The following non-exhaustive list of activities is indicative of how rewards can be obtained on the Navibration Experiences Platform:
19.9.1.a) Creation of routes of different places all over the world in the Platform of Navibration Experiences;
19.9.1.b) Generation of the content of the route in the Platform of Navibration Experiences;
19.9.1.c) Translation of the content and text of the route whenever necessary in the Platform of Navibration Experiences;
19.9.1.d) Production of audio and voice to the texts and content generated by other users in the Platform of Navibration Experiences;
NAVI is not intended to have functionality or utility outside of the Navibration Experiences Platform. Therefore, the Navibration Experiences Platform will be structured as a "closed system" with respect to the use of the NAVI.
POSSIBILITY OF CHANGE TO THE FUNCTIONALITY OF THE NAVI
KEEP IN MIND THAT WE ARE IN THE PROCESS OF UNDERTAKING A LEGAL AND REGULATORY ANALYSIS OF THE FUNCTIONALITY OF NAVI. AFTER THE CONCLUSION OF THIS ANALYSIS, WE CAN DECIDE TO MODIFY THE PROVISIONAL FUNCTIONALITY OF THE NAVI TO ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH ALL LEGAL OR REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS TO WHICH WE ARE SUBJECT. WE WILL PUBLISH A NOTIFICATION ON OUR WEBSITE OF ANY CHANGE THAT WE DECIDE TO MAKE TO THE FUNCTIONALITY OF THE NAVI AND IT IS YOUR RESPONSIBILITY TO VERIFY REGULARLY OUR WEBSITE FOR ANY NOTICE. IN THE CONCLUSION OF THIS ANALYSIS, WE DECIDED TO CHANGE THE FUNCTIONALITY OF THE NAVI OR NOT.
THE COMPANY DOES NOT MAKE ANY WARRANTY WITH RESPECT TO THE NAVI, INCLUDING ANY (i) WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY; (ii) WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE; (iii) TITLE GUARANTEE; OR (iv) WARRANTY AGAINST THE INFRINGEMENT OF THE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS OF A THIRD PARTY; WHETHER BY LAW, COURSE OF NEGOTIATION, COURSE OF PERFORMANCE, USE OF TRADE OR OTHERWISE. EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY STATED IN THIS DOCUMENT, THE TAXPAYER ACKNOWLEDGES THAT HE HAS NOT ACKNOWLEDGED ANY DECLARATION OR WARRANTY MADE BY THE COMPANY OR ANY OTHER PERSON ON BEHALF OF THE COMPANY.
RISK FACTOR'S
1. Risk of software weaknesses: because the NAVI, the "Smart Contract System" and the Platform of Navibration Experiences are based on the Ethereum protocol, any malfunction, breakage or abandonment of the Ethereum protocol may have a material adverse effect on the NAVI, the "Smart Contract System" and / or the Platform of Navibration Experiences. On the other hand, advances in cryptography, advances in the development of quantum computing could present risks for NAVI (including the utility of NAVI to obtain services), the Smart Contract System or "Smart Contract System" and / or the Navibration Experiences platform, by making the cryptographic consensus mechanism that supports the Ethereum protocol ineffective. The concept of "Smart Contract System", the application of the underlying software and the software platform (that is, the chain of blocks of Ethereum) is still in an initial development stage and its total viability has not been demonstrated. There is no guarantee that the process for creating the NAVI will be uninterrupted or error-free and that there is an inherent risk that the software contains defects, weaknesses, vulnerabilities, viruses or errors that cause, among other things, the total loss of contributions and / or the NAVI.
2. Regulatory risk: blockchain technology allows new forms of interaction and it is possible that certain jurisdictions apply existing regulations or introduce new regulations that address applications based on blockchain technology, which may be contrary to the current configuration of the "Smart Contract System" and which may, among other things, result in substantial modifications to the "Smart Contract System" and / or the Navibration Experiences Platform, including its termination and the loss of the NAVI to the Contributor. In addition, the regulation of the proposed activities of the Navibration Experiences Platform is currently uncertain. It is unknown in what regulatory framework the proposed Navibration Experiences Platform and associated activities will be found, the nature and obligations that will be imposed on Navibration to comply with such regulatory framework, be regulated or successfully obtain the necessary licenses so that it can carry Legally carry out your proposed business activities.
3. Risks associated with uncertain regulations and enforcement actions: the regulatory status of the NAVI and the blockchain technology is not clear and is not resolved in most jurisdictions. It is difficult to predict how or if regulatory authorities can apply existing regulation with respect to such technology and its applications, including the Navibration Experiences Platform and the NAVI. It is also difficult to predict how or if the legislative or regulatory authorities can implement changes in the law and regulations affecting distributed block technology and its applications, including the Navibration Experiences Platform and the NAVI. Regulatory actions could have a negative impact on the Navibration Experiences Platform and the NAVI in several ways, including, for illustrative purposes only, the determination that the NAVI is a regulated financial instrument that requires registration or licensing. Navibration may cease to operate in a jurisdiction in the event that regulatory actions, or changes to the law or regulation, make it illegal to operate in said jurisdiction, or commercially undesirable to obtain the necessary regulatory approvals to operate in said jurisdiction.
4. Risk of abandonment / lack of success: the creation and publication of the NAVI and the development of the Navibration Experiences Platform can be abandoned for several reasons, including lack of interest on the part of the public, lack of funding, lack of commercial success, etc. (e.g. caused by competing projects with Navibration). There is no guarantee that, even if the Navibration Experiences Platform is developed or partially or fully launched, you will receive all the benefits through the NAVIs you have.
5 Risk associated with other applications: the Platform of Navibration Experiences can give rise to other alternative projects, promoted by unaffiliated third parties, under which the NAVI will have no intrinsic value.
6. Risks associated with the NAVI markets: the Company cannot enable or facilitate any secondary negotiation or external valuation of the NAVI. This may restrict the avenues contemplated for using the NAVI within the Navibration Experiences Platform, and thus could create a risk of illiquidity with respect to any NAVI that it possesses. Even if secondary negotiation of the NAVI is facilitated by third party exchanges, such exchanges may be relatively new and are subject to little or no regulatory oversight, which makes them more susceptible to fraud or manipulation. In addition, to the extent that third parties attribute an external exchange value to Navibration (for example, as it is denominated in a cryptographic or fiduciary currency), said value can be extremely volatile and decrease to zero. If you are buying NAVI as a form of investment for speculative or other purposes, or for a financial purpose, with the expectation or desire that your intrinsic value or cash equivalent may increase over time, you assume all risks associated with such speculations or actions, and any errors associated with them, and accepts that the NAVI is not offered by the Company or its affiliates on an investment basis. In addition, you acknowledge that any funds you consider to be invested in the Company, the Navibration Experiences Platform or the NAVI will not be protected, guaranteed or reimbursed by any governmental, regulatory or other entity, and will not be guaranteed, for example, by the Estonian Deposit or the Deposit Guarantee Fund in Europe.
7. Risk of losing access to tokens due to loss of private key / s, custody error or your own error : you can only access the NAVI by using an Ethereum wallet with a combination of the Contributor account information (address), private key and password. The private key is encrypted with a password. You acknowledge, understand and agree that if your private key or password is lost or stolen, the NAVI obtained associated with your Ethereum wallet address may be unrecoverable and permanently lost. In addition, any third party that gains access to your private key, even when accessing the login credentials related to your Ethereum wallet, may improperly take over your NAVIs. Any error or malfunction caused by or related to the digital wallet or the system you choose to receive and store the NAVI, including your own inability to maintain or properly use such a digital wallet, may also result in the loss of your NAVIs.
8. Theft risk: the concept of "Smart Contract System", the underlying software application and the software platform (i.e., the chain of blocks of Ethereum) may be exposed to attacks by hackers or other persons included, but not limited to, malware attacks, denial of service attacks, consensus-based attacks, Sybil attacks, smurfing and spoofing. Any of these successful attacks could result in theft or loss of contributions or NAVIs, adversely affecting the ability to develop the Navibration Experiences Platform. In addition, because the Navibration Experiences Platform is based on open source software, there is a risk that a third party or a member of the Navibration team may introduce intentional weaknesses in the central infrastructure of the Navibration Experiences Platform, which could adversely affect the Navibration Experiences Platform and the NAVI.
9. Risk of Ethereum mining attacks: as with other cryptocurrencies, the chain of blocks used for "Smart Contract System" is susceptible to mining attacks, including, among others, double-spending attacks, attacks of majority mining power, attacks of "selfish mining" and rare condition attacks. Any successful attack presents a risk to the Smart Contract System, the proper execution expected and the sequence of token transactions. You understand and agree that the network of miners will ultimately control the delivery of NAVIs through the Smart Contract System, and that most miners may agree at any time to make changes, updates, modifications or effect an elimination or destruction of the Smart Contract System or "Smart Contract System", and that such scenario could lead to the NAVI losing value and / or intrinsic functionality.
10. Incompatible wallet service risk: the wallet or portfolio service provider used to receive the NAVI must comply with the ERC20 token standard to be technically compatible with the NAVI. Failure to guarantee such compliance may result in the Contributor not gaining access to their NAVIs.
11. Risk of hard-fork: the Platform of Navibration Experiences must undergo substantial development work, as part of which may be subject to important conceptual, technical and commercial changes before publication. As part of the development, an update to NAVI's (NAVI's hard-fork) may be required and, if you choose not to participate in the update, you may no longer be able to use your NAVIs and any outdated NAVIs may lose your functionality in its entirety.
12. Risk of uninsured losses: unlike bank accounts or accounts at other financial institutions, Navibration does not have insurance unless you specifically obtain private insurance to insure them. Therefore, in case of loss or loss of utility value, there is no public insurer or private insurance contracted by us to offer you a recourse.
13. Risks derived from taxes: the fiscal characterization of the NAVI is uncertain. You should seek your own tax advice in relation to the acquisition, storage, transfer and use of the NAVI, which may have adverse tax consequences for you.
14. Risk of an unfavorable fluctuation of Ethereum and other value of the currency: Navibration intends to use the contributions received to finance the development of the Platform of Navibration Experiences and other operating expenses. The contributions received will be denominated in USD and can be converted into other cryptographic and fiduciary currencies. If the value of USD or other currencies fluctuates unfavorably during or after the Contribution Period, Navibration may not be able to finance the development of the Navibration Experiences Platform, or may not be able to maintain it, in the manner it intended.
15. Risk of dissolution of the company or network: it is possible that, due to any number of reasons, including, among others, an unfavorable fluctuation in the value of ETH (or other cryptographic and fiduciary currencies), the decrease of the NAVI and its Due to the negative adoption of the Navibration Experiences Platform, the failure of commercial relationships or intellectual property challenges, the Navibration Experiences Platform may not be viable to operate and the Company may be dissolved.
16. Risks derived from the lack of government rights: given that NAVI does not confer any kind of governance right in the Navibration Experiences Platform or Navibration, Navibration will make all decisions related to the Navibration Experiences Platform or the NAVI to its exclusive and absolute criteria, including but not limited to decisions to continue the Navibration Experiences Platform, or sell or liquidate the NAVI. These decisions could adversely affect the Navibration platform and / or the NAVIs you own.
17. Risks associated with the development and maintenance of the Navibration Experiences Platform : the Navibration Experiences Platform is still under development and may undergo significant changes over time. Although we intend that the NAVI and the Navibration Experiences Platform operate as described in Annex 1, and we intend to take commercially reasonable steps toward those ends, we may have to make changes to the specifications of the NAVI or the platform. In addition, we have no control over how other participants will use the Navibration Experiences Platform, what products or services will be offered through the Navibration Experiences Platform by third parties, or how third-party products and services will use the NAVI (if they do so). This could create the risk that the Navibration Experiences Platform or the NAVI, developed and maintained to a greater extent, does not meet your expectations at the time of purchase. In addition, despite our good faith efforts to develop and participate in the Navibration Experiences Platform, it is still possible for the Navibration Experiences Platform to experience malfunctions or not be developed or maintained properly, which may have a negative impact on the Platform of Navibration Experiences and the NAVI, and the potential usefulness of the NAVI, including the utility of the NAVI to obtain services and / or offer rewards and / or to be used in the manner intended at the time of the Token Sale.
19. Risk of competing platforms: it is possible that alternative platforms using the same open source code and the same protocol underlying the Platform of Navibration Experiences will be established and try to provide services that are materially similar to the services offered by or within the Navibration Experiences Platform. The Navibration Experiences Platform can compete with these alternatives, which could have a negative impact on the Navibration Experiences Platform and the NAVI, including the utility of the NAVI for obtaining services offered by or within the Navibration Experiences Platform.
20. Unforeseen risks: cryptographic tokens such as NAVIs are a new and unproven technology. In addition to the risks set forth in this Schedule 2, there are other risks associated with your acquisition, storage, transfer and use of NAVIs, including those that Navibration may not be able to anticipate. These risks may materialize even more as unforeseen variations or combinations of the risks established in this Annex 2.
New version of Terms and conditions released


Investing in our future is vitally important and strangely difficult. In order to fight oppression from the greedy and power-hungry elite, to better our ways of life with advancing technology, and to increase our country's overall views toward the concept of acceptance, we need education to be a priority. Learn how you can be a spoke in this terribly important wheel. See how Delaware measures up to the rest of the country by viewing the percentage of state revenue going toward education in each state. (see State Education Spending vs. Overall State Revenue).
Learn about your Governor's views and voting record with regard to education. (see Delaware Governor's website).
Hold your public servants accountable. It is our duty as residents of Delaware.
The Delaware Department of Education reported that During the 2010-11 school year, there were 8,254 total licensed teachers working in the state. Total statewide student enrollment hit an all-time high for the 2010-11 school year as well, as 129,403 students were enrolled in Delaware's public schools.
Delaware was selected among nine other states to be a beneficiary of the federal Race to the Top Grant (RTTT) program and is working to implement an ambitious four-year plan. This plan has the stated goal of increasing college enrollment for high school graduates from where it is currently, at 59%, to 70% by 2013-14. The plan also seeks to increase math and reading proficiency among 4th and 8th grade students by at least 19%. Through the planned initiatives of the RTTT program, Delaware's teachers are demonstrating their commitment to the long-term success of Delaware's students. Find schools offering teaching certification programs in Delaware.
If you attended college outside of Delaware and are now seeking Delaware teacher certification, meeting certain stipulations will allow you to qualify. As long as you attended a regionally accredited college or university that meets the qualifications bulleted above, the Delaware Department of Education should recognize your credentials. If you attended a school outside of the United States, your transcript must be evaluated by an approved independent credentialing agency.
After receiving your Initial License, you must complete 15 credits of professional development related to your area of certification, as well as fulfill other requirements (described below) to obtain your Standard Certificate(s).
Go to the Praxis website for a summary of educator testing requirements in Delaware.
Before applying for your Initial License and Standard Certificate(s) to teach in Delaware, you must complete a student teaching program. This should be part of your educator preparation program. Alternatively, you may have one year of teaching experience with at least 91 days of long-term teaching in one content area in any Delaware public or charter school.
The duration of student teaching assignments will vary among programs, but generally last one semester or longer. This internship will provide you with the chance to observe your mentor teacher at work as well as the opportunity to receive guidance as you direct the class in lessons, as your mentor will also observe and assess your classroom performance to offer valuable feedback. Expect student teaching to involve the development of lesson plans, and then leading in the presentation of those lessons. Field experiences are vital to developing interaction skills specific to the age and grade levels for which you are pursuing certification.
Upon satisfying the educational prerequisites, passing the Praxis I, and completing the experience requirements, you may apply for an Initial License to teach in Delaware. Most recent college graduates of Delaware educator preparation programs also apply for their Standard Certificate(s) simultaneously. You can apply for your Standard Certificate(s) after you have passed the Praxis II exam(s) and completed 15 professional development credits in the areas in which you wish to become certified. The Initial License allows you to teach in Delaware, while the Standard Certificate(s) specifies what subjects you may teach. You may apply for one license but multiple certificates to cover a number of different areas of teaching proficiency.
Once the Department has received your online application and all supporting documents, your application packet will be evaluated. You will receive your license and certificate(s) via email or be notified of any further documentation that may be necessary.
Before receiving a license to teach in Delaware, you must have current state child abuse clearance. You must also submit your fingerprints for a criminal history and background check. Because it takes several weeks for such clearances to be completed, you should start the process early.
You must visit the Delaware State Bureau of Identification, located at a county office of the Delaware State Police, to certify your Delaware criminal history. The three county offices are in Kent County (Dover), Sussex County (Georgetown) and New Castle County (Bear). Sussex County and New Castle County require you to make an appointment, but Kent County offers background checks on a walk-in basis. Bring your driver's license, school ID card or state ID card, and ask for a state and federal background check. The fee is currently $69, payable to Delaware State Police. For more information, call (302) 739-5871.
For further information on Delaware colleges and universities offering educator preparation programs, contact them directly.
For more information on teacher licensure and certification in Delaware, contact the Delaware Department of Education at (302) 857-3388 or visit their website.


The company was established in 1980's as "Aquarium Poland". It started with breeding and exporting ornamental fish. In 1988 we extended our scope with importing items for pets. In 1992 we opened the production of high-quality foods under the brand called Vitapol, where vita stands for life and pol stands for Poland. In 1994 we have started the cooperation with the German company Trixie. Between 1996 and 1997 we became a direct importer of dog chewing toys from Far East. Right after that we started cooperation with Interquell – manufacturer of Happy Dog And Happy Cat brands. In 2005 we became the exclusive distributor of Trixie. In the same year we also introduced a new brand called Lolo Pets that was intended for selling to supermarkets. In 2009 we also created another brand - "Lolo Pets Classic". This brand includes cat litter, pond fish food, snacks, bakery products for dogs and accessories for dogs and cats. Since 2013 we became the exclusive distributor for Sanicat, Sanidog and Sanibird brands for Poland. We are not stopping there - constant development places us among the biggest importers of pet products in Poland.
During 21 years of its history our company has experienced multiple reconstructions that helped us to adjust our offer to the ever changing market requirements. We are constantly changing and updating recipes of our products to satisfy our customer needs, therefore we are consistently creating new brands and extending our product range.
In the past we were distributing many other brands: JBL, Sera, Hunter, Dupla, Astra, Europet, Vitakraft, Gimborn or Hagen, to name some of them. We don't cooperate with them anymore, but as a matter of fact, it didn't make our situation any worse – it actually made our position stronger.
Because of that we have very strong, long-term and good partnership with Trixie, and we are trying to achieve the same level of cooperation with other partners – because we fundamentally believe that it is the best way of doing business.