text:
package org.bremersee.geojson.utils;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Optional;
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.Coordinate;
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.CoordinateFilter;
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.Geometry;
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.GeometryCollection;
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.GeometryFactory;
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.LineString;
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.LinearRing;
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.MultiLineString;
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.MultiPoint;
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.MultiPolygon;
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.Point;
import org.locationtech.jts.geom.Polygon;
import org.locationtech.jts.io.ParseException;
import org.locationtech.jts.io.WKTReader;

/**
 * Utility methods for geometry objects.
 *
 * @author Christian Bremer
 */
public abstract class GeometryUtils {

  /**
   * Never construct.
   */
  private GeometryUtils() {
  }

  /**
   * The earth radius in meters.
   */
  public static final double EARTH_RADIUS_METERS = 6378137.;

  /**
   * Maximum latitude for mercator projection.
   */
  public static final double MERCATOR_MAX_LAT = 85.05112878;

  /**
   * Minimum latitude for mercator projection.
   */
  public static final double MERCATOR_MIN_LAT = -85.05112878;

  /**
   * Default spatial authority: 'EPSG'.
   */
  public static final String DEFAULT_SPATIAL_AUTHORITY = "EPSG";

  /**
   * Reference ID of WGS84: '4326'.
   */
  public static final int WGS84_SPATIAL_REFERENCE_ID = 4326;

  /**
   * CRS (Coordinate reference system) of WGS84: 'EPSG:4326'.
   */
  public static final String WGS84_CRS =
      DEFAULT_SPATIAL_AUTHORITY + ":" + WGS84_SPATIAL_REFERENCE_ID;

  /**
   * Reference ID of mercator projection: '3857'.
   */
  public static final int MERCATOR_SPATIAL_REFERENCE_ID = 3857;

  /**
   * Alternative reference ID of mercator: '900913'.
   */
  public static final int MERCATOR_SPATIAL_REFERENCE_ID_ALT = 900913;

  /**
   * CRS (Coordinate reference system) of mercator: 'EPSG:3857'.
   */
  public static final String MERCATOR_CRS =
      DEFAULT_SPATIAL_AUTHORITY + ":" + MERCATOR_SPATIAL_REFERENCE_ID;

  /**
   * Alternative CRS (Coordinate reference system) of mercator: 'EPSG:900913'.
   */
  public static final String MERCATOR_CRS_ALT =
      DEFAULT_SPATIAL_AUTHORITY + ":" + MERCATOR_SPATIAL_REFERENCE_ID_ALT;

  /**
   * Default geometry factory.
   */
  private static final GeometryFactory DEFAULT_GEOMETRY_FACTORY = new GeometryFactory();

  private static GeometryFactory geometryFactory(GeometryFactory geometryFactory) {
    return geometryFactory != null ? geometryFactory : DEFAULT_GEOMETRY_FACTORY;
  }

  /**
   * Checks whether two geometry objects are equal.
   *
   *
Because the {@link GeometryCollection#equals(Geometry)} method throws an exception, this
   * method is used in the GeoJSON classes.
   *
   * @param g1 one geometry
   * @param g2 another geometry
   * @return {@code true} if the geometries are equal otherwise {@code false}
   */
  public static boolean equals(final Geometry g1, final Geometry g2) {
    if (g1 == null && g2 == null) {
      return true;
    }
    if (g1 == null || g2 == null) {
      return false;
    }
    if (g1 == g2) {
      return true;
    }
    if (g1 instanceof GeometryCollection && g2 instanceof GeometryCollection) {
      return equals((GeometryCollection) g1, (GeometryCollection) g2);
    }
    return g1.equals(g2);
  }

  /**
   * Checks whether two geometry collections are equal.
   *
   * @param gc1 one geometry collection
   * @param gc2 another geometry collection
   * @return {@code true} if the geometry collections are equal otherwise {@code false}
   */
  private static boolean equals(final GeometryCollection gc1, final GeometryCollection gc2) {
    if (gc1.getNumGeometries() != gc2.getNumGeometries()) {
      return false;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < gc1.getNumGeometries(); i++) {
      Geometry g1 = gc1.getGeometryN(i);
      Geometry g2 = gc2.getGeometryN(i);
      if (!equals(g1, g2)) {
        return false;
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  /**
   * Calculate the bounding box of the specified geometry (see
   * bounding-boxes).
   *
   *
A GeoJSON object MAY have a member named "bbox" to include information on the coordinate
   * range for its Geometries, Features, or FeatureCollections.  The value of the bbox member MUST be an array of length
   * 2*n where n is the number of dimensions represented in the contained geometries, with all axes of the most
   * southwesterly point followed by all axes of the more northeasterly point. The axes order of a bbox follows the axes
   * order of geometries.
   *
   * @param geometry the geometry
   * @return {@code null} if the bounding box can not be calculated, otherwise the bounding box
   */
  public static double[] getBoundingBox(final Geometry geometry) {
    return Optional.ofNullable(geometry)
        .map(g -> getBoundingBox(Collections.singletonList(g)))
        .orElse(null);
  }

  /**
   * Calculate the bounding box of the specified geometries.
   *
   * @param geometries the geometries
   * @return {@code null} if the bounding box can not be calculated, otherwise the bounding box
   */
  public static double[] getBoundingBox(final Collection<? extends Geometry> geometries) {
    if (geometries == null || geometries.isEmpty()) {
      return null;
    }
    double minX = Double.NaN;
    double minY = Double.NaN;
    double minZ = Double.NaN;
    double maxX = Double.NaN;
    double maxY = Double.NaN;
    double maxZ = Double.NaN;
    for (final Geometry geometry : geometries) {
      if (geometry != null && geometry.getCoordinates() != null) {
        final Coordinate[] coords = geometry.getCoordinates();
        //noinspection ForLoopReplaceableByForEach
        for (int i = 0; i < coords.length; i++) {
          if (Double.isNaN(minX)) {
            minX = coords[i].getX();
          } else if (!Double.isNaN(coords[i].getX())) {
            minX = Math.min(minX, coords[i].getX());
          }
          if (Double.isNaN(minY)) {
            minY = coords[i].getY();
          } else if (!Double.isNaN(coords[i].getY())) {
            minY = Math.min(minY, coords[i].getY());
          }
          if (Double.isNaN(minZ)) {
            minZ = coords[i].getZ();
          } else if (!Double.isNaN(coords[i].getZ())) {
            minZ = Math.min(minZ, coords[i].getZ());
          }

          if (Double.isNaN(maxX)) {
            maxX = coords[i].getX();
          } else if (!Double.isNaN(coords[i].getX())) {
            maxX = Math.max(maxX, coords[i].getX());
          }
          if (Double.isNaN(maxY)) {
            maxY = coords[i].getY();
          } else if (!Double.isNaN(coords[i].getY())) {
            maxY = Math.max(maxY, coords[i].getY());
          }
          if (Double.isNaN(maxZ)) {
            maxZ = coords[i].getZ();
          } else if (!Double.isNaN(coords[i].getZ())) {
            maxZ = Math.max(maxZ, coords[i].getZ());
          }
        }
      }
    }
    if (!Double.isNaN(minX) && !Double.isNaN(maxX) && !Double.isNaN(minY) && !Double.isNaN(maxY)) {
      if (!Double.isNaN(minZ) && !Double.isNaN(maxZ)) {
        return new double[]{minX, minY, minZ, maxX, maxY, maxZ};
      }
      return new double[]{minX, minY, maxX, maxY};
    }
    return null;
  }

  /**
   * Returns the coordinate in the south-west.
   *
   * @param boundingBox the bounding box
   * @return the coordinate in the south-west
   */
  public static Coordinate getSouthWest(final double[] boundingBox) {
    if (boundingBox == null || !(boundingBox.length == 4 || boundingBox.length == 6)) {
      return null;
    }
    return createCoordinate(boundingBox[0], boundingBox[1]);
  }

  /**
   * Returns the coordinate in the north-west.
   *
   * @param boundingBox the bounding box
   * @return the coordinate in the north-west
   */
  public static Coordinate getNorthWest(final double[] boundingBox) {
    if (boundingBox == null || !(boundingBox.length == 4 || boundingBox.length == 6)) {
      return null;
    }
    if (boundingBox.length == 6) {
      // 0   1   2   3   4   5
      // x0, y0, z0, x1, y1, z1
      return createCoordinate(boundingBox[0], boundingBox[4]);
    } else {
      // 0   1   2   3
      // x0, y0, x1, y1
      return createCoordinate(boundingBox[0], boundingBox[3]);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Returns the coordinate in the north-east.
   *
   * @param boundingBox the bounding box
   * @return the coordinate in the north-east
   */
  public static Coordinate getNorthEast(final double[] boundingBox) {
    if (boundingBox == null || !(boundingBox.length == 4 || boundingBox.length == 6)) {
      return null;
    }
    if (boundingBox.length == 6) {
      // 0   1   2   3   4   5
      // x0, y0, z0, x1, y1, z1
      return createCoordinate(boundingBox[3], boundingBox[4]);
    } else {
      // 0   1   2   3
      // x0, y0, x1, y1
      return createCoordinate(boundingBox[2], boundingBox[3]);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Returns the coordinate in the south-east.
   *
   * @param boundingBox the bounding box
   * @return the coordinate in the south-east
   */
  public static Coordinate getSouthEast(final double[] boundingBox) {
    if (boundingBox == null || !(boundingBox.length == 4 || boundingBox.length == 6)) {
      return null;
    }
    if (boundingBox.length == 6) {
      // 0   1   2   3   4   5
      // x0, y0, z0, x1, y1, z1
      return createCoordinate(boundingBox[3], boundingBox[1]);
    } else {
      // 0   1   2   3
      // x0, y0, x1, y1
      return createCoordinate(boundingBox[2], boundingBox[1]);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Returns a polygon from the bounding box.
   *
   * @param boundingBox the bounding bos
   * @return the polygon or {@code null} if the bounding box is {@code null} or empty
   */
  public static Polygon getBoundingBoxAsPolygon2D(final double[] boundingBox) {
    return getBoundingBoxAsPolygon2D(boundingBox, null);
  }

  /**
   * Returns a polygon from the bounding box.
   *
   * @param boundingBox the bounding bos
   * @param geometryFactory the geometry factory
   * @return the polygon or {@code null} if the bounding box is {@code null} or empty
   */
  public static Polygon getBoundingBoxAsPolygon2D(
      final double[] boundingBox,
      final GeometryFactory geometryFactory) {

    final Coordinate sw = getSouthWest(boundingBox);
    final Coordinate se = getSouthEast(boundingBox);
    final Coordinate ne = getNorthEast(boundingBox);
    final Coordinate nw = getNorthWest(boundingBox);
    if (sw == null || se == null || ne == null || nw == null) {
      return null;
    }
    float x1 = (float) sw.getX();
    float x2 = (float) se.getX();
    if (x1 == x2) {
      return null;
    }
    float y1 = (float) sw.getY();
    float y2 = (float) nw.getY();
    if (y1 == y2) {
      return null;
    }
    return createPolygon(
        createLinearRing(Arrays.asList(sw, se, ne, nw, sw), geometryFactory),
        geometryFactory);
  }

  /**
   * Returns the bounding box of the geometry as polygon.
   *
   * @param geometry the geometry
   * @return the bounding box of the geometry as polygon
   */
  public static Polygon getBoundingBoxAsPolygon2D(final Geometry geometry) {
    return getBoundingBoxAsPolygon2D(geometry, null);
  }

  /**
   * Returns the bounding box of the geometry as polygon.
   *
   * @param geometry the geometry
   * @param geometryFactory the geometry factory to use
   * @return the bounding box of the geometry as polygon
   */
  public static Polygon getBoundingBoxAsPolygon2D(
      final Geometry geometry,
      final GeometryFactory geometryFactory) {
    return getBoundingBoxAsPolygon2D(getBoundingBox(geometry), geometryFactory);
  }

  /**
   * Returns the Well-known Text representation of this Geometry. For a definition of the Well-known Text format, see
   * the OpenGIS Simple Features Specification.
   *
   * @param geometry the geometry
   * @return the Well-known Text representation of this Geometry
   */
  public static String toWKT(final Geometry geometry) {
    return Optional.ofNullable(geometry)
        .map(Geometry::toText)
        .orElse(null);
  }

  /**
   * Reads a Well-Known Text representation of a Geometry from a {@link String}.
   *
   * @param wkt one or more strings (see the OpenGIS Simple Features Specification) separated by whitespace
   * @return a Geometry specified by wellKnownText
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if a parsing problem occurs
   */
  public static Geometry fromWKT(final String wkt) throws IllegalArgumentException {
    return fromWKT(wkt, null);
  }

  /**
   * Reads a Well-Known Text representation of a Geometry from a {@link String}.
   *
   * @param wkt one or more strings (see the OpenGIS Simple Features Specification) separated by whitespace
   * @param geometryFactory the geometry factory to use
   * @return a Geometry specified by wellKnownText
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if a parsing problem occurs
   */
  public static Geometry fromWKT(final String wkt, final GeometryFactory geometryFactory)
      throws IllegalArgumentException {

    try {
      return new WKTReader(geometryFactory(geometryFactory)).read(wkt);
    } catch (NullPointerException n) {
      return null;
    } catch (ParseException e) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parsing WKT [" + wkt + "] failed.", e);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Reads a Well-Known Text representation of a Geometry from a {@link Reader}.
   *
   * @param reader a {@link Reader} which will return a string (see the OpenGIS Simple Features Specification)
   * @return a Geometry read from reader
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if a parsing problem occurs
   */
  public static Geometry fromWKT(final Reader reader) throws IllegalArgumentException {
    return fromWKT(reader, null);
  }

  /**
   * Reads a Well-Known Text representation of a Geometry from a {@link Reader}.
   *
   * @param reader a {@link Reader} which will return a string (see the OpenGIS Simple Features Specification)
   * @param geometryFactory the geometry factory to use
   * @return a Geometry read from reader
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if a parsing problem occurs
   */
  public static Geometry fromWKT(final Reader reader, final GeometryFactory geometryFactory)
      throws IllegalArgumentException {

    try (Reader r = reader) {
      return new WKTReader(geometryFactory(geometryFactory)).read(r);
    } catch (NullPointerException n) {
      return null;
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(e);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Reads a Well-Known Text representation of a Geometry from an {@link InputStream}.
   *
   * @param inputStream an {@link InputStream} which will return a string (see the OpenGIS Simple Features
   *     Specification)
   * @param charsetName the charset to use
   * @return a Geometry read from the input stream
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if a parsing problem occurs
   */
  public static Geometry fromWKT(final InputStream inputStream, final String charsetName)
      throws IllegalArgumentException {
    return fromWKT(inputStream, charsetName, null);
  }

  /**
   * Reads a Well-Known Text representation of a Geometry from an {@link InputStream}.
   *
   * @param inputStream an {@link InputStream} which will return a string (see the OpenGIS Simple Features
   *     Specification)
   * @param charsetName the charset to use
   * @param geometryFactory the geometry factory to use
   * @return a Geometry read from the input stream
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if a parsing problem occurs
   */
  public static Geometry fromWKT(
      final InputStream inputStream,
      final String charsetName,
      final GeometryFactory geometryFactory)
      throws IllegalArgumentException {

    final String cs = charsetName == null ? StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name() : charsetName;
    try (InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, cs)) {
      return fromWKT(reader, geometryFactory);

    } catch (NullPointerException n) {
      return null;
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(e);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Creates a coordinate.
   *
   * @param x the x value
   * @param y the y value
   * @return the coordinate
   */
  public static Coordinate createCoordinate(final double x, final double y) {
    return new Coordinate(x, y);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a coordinate.
   *
   * @param x the x value
   * @param y the y value
   * @return the coordinate
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if x or y is {@code null}
   */
  public static Coordinate createCoordinate(final BigDecimal x, final BigDecimal y) {

    return Optional.ofNullable(x)
        .map(xx -> Optional.ofNullable(y)
            .map(yy -> new Coordinate(xx.doubleValue(), yy.doubleValue()))
            .orElseThrow(() -> new IllegalArgumentException("Y must not be null.")))
        .orElseThrow(() -> new IllegalArgumentException("X must not be null."));
  }

  /**
   * Creates a coordinate.
   *
   * @param latitude the latitude value
   * @param longitude the longitude value
   * @return the coordinate
   */
  public static Coordinate createCoordinateWGS84(final double latitude, final double longitude) {
    return new Coordinate(longitude, latitude);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a coordinate.
   *
   * @param latitude the latitude value
   * @param longitude the longitude value
   * @return the coordinate
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if latitude or longitude is {@code null}
   */
  public static Coordinate createCoordinateWGS84(
      final BigDecimal latitude, final BigDecimal longitude) {

    return Optional.ofNullable(latitude)
        .map(lat -> Optional.ofNullable(longitude)
            .map(lon -> new Coordinate(lon.doubleValue(), lat.doubleValue()))
            .orElseThrow(() -> new IllegalArgumentException("Longitude must not be null.")))
        .orElseThrow(() -> new IllegalArgumentException("Latitude must not be null."));
  }

  /**
   * Gets latitude value of WGS84.
   *
   * @param coordinate the coordinate
   * @return the latitude
   */
  public static double getLatitudeWGS84(Coordinate coordinate) {
    return Optional.ofNullable(coordinate)
        .map(Coordinate::getY)
        .orElseThrow(() -> new IllegalArgumentException("Coordinate must not be null."));
  }

  /**
   * Gets longitude value of WGS84.
   *
   * @param coordinate the coordinate
   * @return the longitude
   */
  public static double getLongitudeWGS84(final Coordinate coordinate) {
    return Optional.ofNullable(coordinate)
        .map(Coordinate::getX)
        .orElseThrow(() -> new IllegalArgumentException("Coordinate must not be null."));
  }

  /**
   * Creates a point.
   *
   * @param x the x value
   * @param y the y value
   * @return the point
   */
  public static Point createPoint(final double x, final double y) {
    return createPoint(createCoordinate(x, y), null);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a point.
   *
   * @param x the x value
   * @param y the y value
   * @param geometryFactory the geometry factory to use
   * @return the point
   */
  public static Point createPoint(
      final double x,
      final double y,
      final GeometryFactory geometryFactory) {
    return createPoint(createCoordinate(x, y), geometryFactory);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a point.
   *
   * @param x the x value
   * @param y the y value
   * @return the point
   */
  public static Point createPoint(final BigDecimal x, final BigDecimal y) {
    return createPoint(createCoordinate(x, y), null);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a point.
   *
   * @param x the x value
   * @param y the y value
   * @param geometryFactory the geometry factory to use
   * @return the point
   */
  public static Point createPoint(
      final BigDecimal x,
      final BigDecimal y,
      final GeometryFactory geometryFactory) {
    return createPoint(createCoordinate(x, y), geometryFactory);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a Point using the given Coordinate; a null Coordinate will create an empty Geometry.
   *
   * @param coordinate the coordinate of the point
   * @return the point
   */
  public static Point createPoint(final Coordinate coordinate) {
    return createPoint(coordinate, null);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a Point using the given Coordinate; a null Coordinate will create an empty Geometry.
   *
   * @param coordinate the coordinate of the point
   * @param geometryFactory the geometry factory to use
   * @return the point
   */
  public static Point createPoint(
      final Coordinate coordinate,
      final GeometryFactory geometryFactory) {
    return geometryFactory(geometryFactory).createPoint(coordinate);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a point from WGS84 latitude and longitude.
 Latitude becomes the y-value.
 Longitude becomes the
   * x-value.

   *
   * @param latitude the latitude in degrees
   * @param longitude the longitude in degrees
   * @return the point
   */
  public static Point createPointWGS84(final double latitude, final double longitude) {
    return createPoint(longitude, latitude, null);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a point from WGS84 latitude and longitude.
 Latitude becomes the y-value.
 Longitude becomes the
   * x-value.

   *
   * @param latitude the latitude in degrees
   * @param longitude the longitude in degrees
   * @return the point
   */
  public static Point createPointWGS84(final BigDecimal latitude, final BigDecimal longitude) {
    return createPoint(longitude, latitude, null);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a point from WGS84 latitude and longitude.
 Latitude becomes the y-value.
 Longitude becomes the
   * x-value.

   *
   * @param latitude the latitude in degrees
   * @param longitude the longitude in degrees
   * @param geometryFactory the geometry factory to use
   * @return the point
   */
  public static Point createPointWGS84(
      final double latitude,
      final double longitude,
      final GeometryFactory geometryFactory) {
    return createPoint(longitude, latitude, geometryFactory);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a point from WGS84 latitude and longitude.
 Latitude becomes the y-value.
 Longitude becomes the
   * x-value.

   *
   * @param latitude the latitude in degrees
   * @param longitude the longitude in degrees
   * @param geometryFactory the geometry factory to use
   * @return the point
   */
  public static Point createPointWGS84(
      final BigDecimal latitude,
      final BigDecimal longitude,
      final GeometryFactory geometryFactory) {
    return createPoint(longitude, latitude, geometryFactory);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a MultiPoint using the given Points. A null or empty collection will create an empty MultiPoint.
   *
   * @param points the points of the {@link MultiPoint}
   * @return the {@link MultiPoint}
   */
  public static MultiPoint createMultiPoint(final Collection<? extends Point> points) {
    return createMultiPoint(points, null);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a MultiPoint using the given Points. A null or empty collection will create an empty MultiPoint.
   *
   * @param points the points of the {@link MultiPoint}
   * @param geometryFactory the geometry factory to use
   * @return the {@link MultiPoint}
   */
  public static MultiPoint createMultiPoint(
      final Collection<? extends Point> points,
      final GeometryFactory geometryFactory) {

    return Optional.ofNullable(points)
        .map(c -> c.toArray(new Point[0]))
        .map(a -> geometryFactory(geometryFactory).createMultiPoint(a))
        .orElseGet(() -> geometryFactory(geometryFactory).createMultiPoint());
  }

  /**
   * Creates a LineString using the given coordinates; a null or empty collection will create an empty LineString.
   * Consecutive points must not be equal.
   *
   * @param coordinates the coordinates of the {@link LineString}
   * @return the {@link LineString}
   */
  public static LineString createLineString(final Collection<? extends Coordinate> coordinates) {
    return createLineString(coordinates, null);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a LineString using the given coordinates; a null or empty collection will create an empty LineString.
   * Consecutive points must not be equal.
   *
   * @param coordinates the coordinates of the {@link LineString}
   * @param geometryFactory the geometry factory to use
   * @return the {@link LineString}
   */
  public static LineString createLineString(
      final Collection<? extends Coordinate> coordinates,
      final GeometryFactory geometryFactory) {

    return Optional.ofNullable(coordinates)
        .map(c -> c.toArray(new Coordinate[0]))
        .map(a -> geometryFactory(geometryFactory).createLineString(a))
        .orElseGet(() -> geometryFactory(geometryFactory).createLineString());
  }

  /**
   * Creates a MultiLineString using the given LineStrings; a null or empty collection will create an empty
   * MultiLineString.
   *
   * @param lineStrings the {@link LineString}s of the {@link MultiLineString}
   * @return the {@link MultiLineString}
   */
  public static MultiLineString createMultiLineString(
      final Collection<? extends LineString> lineStrings) {
    return createMultiLineString(lineStrings, null);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a MultiLineString using the given LineStrings; a null or empty collection will create an empty
   * MultiLineString.
   *
   * @param lineStrings the {@link LineString}s of the {@link MultiLineString}
   * @param geometryFactory the geometry factory to use
   * @return the {@link MultiLineString}
   */
  public static MultiLineString createMultiLineString(
      final Collection<? extends LineString> lineStrings,
      final GeometryFactory geometryFactory) {

    return Optional.ofNullable(lineStrings)
        .map(c -> c.toArray(new LineString[0]))
        .map(a -> geometryFactory(geometryFactory).createMultiLineString(a))
        .orElseGet(() -> geometryFactory(geometryFactory).createMultiLineString());
  }

  /**
   * Creates a LinearRing using the given coordinates. A null or empty coordinates will create an empty LinearRing.
   *
   * @param coordinates the coordinates
   * @return the created LinearRing
   */
  public static LinearRing createLinearRing(final Collection<? extends Coordinate> coordinates) {
    return createLinearRing(coordinates, null);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a LinearRing using the given coordinates. A null or empty coordinates will create an empty LinearRing.
   *
   * @param coordinates the coordinates
   * @param geometryFactory the geometry factory
   * @return the created LinearRing
   */
  public static LinearRing createLinearRing(
      final Collection<? extends Coordinate> coordinates,
      final GeometryFactory geometryFactory) {

    return Optional.ofNullable(coordinates)
        .map(c -> c.toArray(new Coordinate[0]))
        .map(a -> geometryFactory(geometryFactory).createLinearRing(a))
        .orElseGet(() -> geometryFactory(geometryFactory).createLinearRing());
  }

  /**
   * Constructs a Polygon with the given exterior boundary.
   *
   * @param shell the outer boundary of the new Polygon, or null or an empty LinearRing if the empty geometry is to
   *     be created
   * @return the created Polygon
   */
  public static Polygon createPolygon(final LinearRing shell) {
    return createPolygon(shell, null, null);
  }

  /**
   * Constructs a Polygon with the given exterior boundary.
   *
   * @param shell the outer boundary of the new Polygon, or null or an empty LinearRing if the empty geometry is to
   *     be created
   * @param geometryFactory the geometry factory
   * @return the created Polygon
   */
  public static Polygon createPolygon(
      final LinearRing shell,
      final GeometryFactory geometryFactory) {
    return createPolygon(shell, null, geometryFactory);
  }

  /**
   * Constructs a Polygon with the given exterior boundary and interior boundaries.
   *
   * @param shell the outer boundary of the new Polygon, or null or an empty LinearRing if the empty geometry is to
   *     be created
   * @param holes the inner boundaries of the new Polygon, or null or empty LinearRing s if the empty geometry is to
   *     be created
   * @return the created Polygon
   */
  public static Polygon createPolygon(
      final LinearRing shell,
      final Collection<? extends LinearRing> holes) {
    return createPolygon(shell, holes, null);
  }

  /**
   * Constructs a Polygon with the given exterior boundary and interior boundaries.
   *
   * @param shell the outer boundary of the new Polygon, or null or an empty LinearRing if the empty geometry is to
   *     be created
   * @param holes the inner boundaries of the new Polygon, or null or empty LinearRing s if the empty geometry is to
   *     be created
   * @param geometryFactory the geometry factory
   * @return the created Polygon
   */
  public static Polygon createPolygon(
      final LinearRing shell,
      final Collection<? extends LinearRing> holes,
      final GeometryFactory geometryFactory) {

    return Optional.ofNullable(shell)
        .map(s -> Optional.ofNullable(holes)
            .map(c -> c.toArray(new LinearRing[0]))
            .map(a -> geometryFactory(geometryFactory).createPolygon(s, a))
            .orElseGet(() -> geometryFactory(geometryFactory).createPolygon(s)))
        .orElseGet(() -> geometryFactory(geometryFactory).createPolygon());
  }

  /**
   * Creates a MultiPolygon using the given Polygons; a null or empty array will create an empty Polygon.
   *
   * @param polygons the polygons
   * @return the multi polygon
   */
  public static MultiPolygon createMultiPolygon(final Collection<? extends Polygon> polygons) {
    return createMultiPolygon(polygons, null);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a MultiPolygon using the given Polygons; a null or empty array will create an empty Polygon.
   *
   * @param polygons the polygons
   * @param geometryFactory the geometry factory
   * @return the multi polygon
   */
  public static MultiPolygon createMultiPolygon(
      final Collection<? extends Polygon> polygons,
      final GeometryFactory geometryFactory) {

    return Optional.ofNullable(polygons)
        .map(c -> c.toArray(new Polygon[0]))
        .map(a -> geometryFactory(geometryFactory).createMultiPolygon(a))
        .orElseGet(() -> geometryFactory(geometryFactory).createMultiPolygon());
  }

  /**
   * Create geometry collection geometry collection.
   *
   * @param geometries the geometries
   * @return the geometry collection
   */
  public static GeometryCollection createGeometryCollection(final Geometry... geometries) {
    return Optional.ofNullable(geometries)
        .map(DEFAULT_GEOMETRY_FACTORY::createGeometryCollection)
        .orElseGet(DEFAULT_GEOMETRY_FACTORY::createGeometryCollection);
  }

  /**
   * Create geometry collection geometry collection.
   *
   * @param geometries the geometries
   * @return the geometry collection
   */
  public static GeometryCollection createGeometryCollection(
      final Collection<? extends Geometry> geometries) {
    return createGeometryCollection(geometries, DEFAULT_GEOMETRY_FACTORY);
  }

  /**
   * Create geometry collection geometry collection.
   *
   * @param geometries the geometries
   * @param geometryFactory the geometry factory
   * @return the geometry collection
   */
  public static GeometryCollection createGeometryCollection(
      final Collection<? extends Geometry> geometries,
      final GeometryFactory geometryFactory) {

    return Optional.ofNullable(geometries)
        .map(g -> g.toArray(new Geometry[0]))
        .map(a -> geometryFactory(geometryFactory).createGeometryCollection(a))
        .orElseGet(() -> geometryFactory(geometryFactory).createGeometryCollection());
  }

  /**
   * Copy and apply filters.
   *
   * @param geometry the geometry
   * @param filters the filters
   * @return the copied and filtered geometry
   */
  public static Geometry copyAndApplyFilters(
      final Geometry geometry,
      final CoordinateFilter... filters) {
    return Optional.ofNullable(geometry)
        .map(g -> {
          final Geometry result = g.copy();
          if (filters != null) {
            for (CoordinateFilter filter : filters) {
              result.apply(filter);
            }
          }
          return result;
        })
        .orElse(null);
  }

  /**
   * Transforms the coordinates of the given geometry from WGS84 into mercator.
   *
   * @param geometry the geometry
   * @return the transformed (cloned) geometry
   */
  public static Geometry transformWgs84ToMercator(final Geometry geometry) {
    return copyAndApplyFilters(geometry, new Wgs84ToMercatorCoordinateFilter());
  }

  /**
   * Transforms the coordinates of the given geometry from mercator into WGS84.
   *
   * @param geometry the geometry
   * @return the transformed (cloned) geometry
   */
  public static Geometry transformMercatorToWgs84(final Geometry geometry) {
    return copyAndApplyFilters(geometry, new MercatorToWgs84CoordinateFilter());
  }

  /**
   * Swap coordinates.
   *
   * @param geometry the geometry
   * @return the geometry with swapped coordinates
   */
  public static Geometry swapCoordinates(final Geometry geometry) {
    return copyAndApplyFilters(geometry, new SwapCoordinateFilter());
  }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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text:
Top 12 New Stand-up Comedians in India 2023
Leave a Comment / Celebrities / By admin
12. Kenny Sebastian
DO NOT MISS: Most Beautiful Women in the World 2023
11. Vir Das
YOU MAY LIKE THIS: Top 10 Young Hottest and Beautiful Models in the World 2023
10. Rahul Dua
9. Kanan Gill
8. Biswa Kalyan Rath
7. Aakash Gupta
6. Aditi Mittal
5. Abhishek Upmanyu
4. Varun Grover
3. Anubhav Singh Bassi
2. Munawar Faruqui
1. Zakir Khan
Do you need new Indian stand-up comedians in 2023? If so, keep an eye out for our list of the new stand-up comedians in India in 2023.
Making others laugh is an art, and great comedians are masters of it. Indian cinema is one of the diverse film and entertainment sectors that produce amazing comedians. From Johnny Lever to Zakir Khan, India has produced some of the finest stand-up comedians in the world. We're here today to talk about the emerging crop of stand-up comedians in India. Please browse through the list and leave a comment about your favourite Indian stand-up comic.
Kenneth Mathew Sebastian, sometimes known as Kenny, is a well-known musician, film director, and stand-up comedian. He began producing his own films at an early age. When he was just 23, he directed 12 short films and two feature pictures.
Kenny won his first comedy competition at the IIT fest in Mumbai when he was 19 years old. He uploaded his first YouTube video, titled '9 Hours to Live,' in 2008.
Vir Das is not just a well-known stand-up comedian, but also an actor who has appeared in films such as Delhi Belly, Go Goa Gone, and Badmaash Company.
Vir finished his studies in Economics and Theatre. Following that, he made his debut as a host. He presented two popular Zoom channel series, 'Is Route Ki Sabhin Linein Mast Hain' and the late-night stand-up comedy show 'Ek Rahin Vir'.
Rahul Dua is one of India's most promising stand-up comedians of his generation. He holds a B.Tech and an MBA postgraduate degree. The winner of the NDTV and Comedy Central Chuckle Hunt in 2016 subsequently made his Amazon Prime debut for Comicstaan in 2018. This comic dabbled in a variety of vocations before settling on stand-up comedy, which earned him a runner-up spot in Comicstaan. Soon after, Rahul and another competitor Suri formed a partnership to travel the country as the Dua-Suri Show. Following their popularity, they produced another programme, Oh Hello!, which ran from 2019 to 2020.
Aside from the humour, Rahul is a great student, having attended the country's best business school. He is engaged to Nidhi Tyagi, his girlfriend.
Kanan Singh Gill is an actor and stand-up comedian. Along with his technical job, he entered and won two competitions before deciding to pursue comedy. His pompous Movie Reviews on YouTube went viral, generating attention and notoriety; he then secured a film part alongside Sonakshi Sinha in 2017.
Kanan has appeared in several online series on Amazon Prime and YouTube, including Keep It Real, Better Life Foundation, Son of Abish, I Can Do That, The Improvisers: Something From Nothing, and Yours Sincerely, Kanan Gill, which will premiere on Netflix in 2020.
Biswa Kalyan Rath is an Odisha-born B.tech graduate, writer, and comedian. Biswa began his career as a stand-up comedian in 2013, while still employed with Oracle. The next year, Kalyan and Kanan hosted the acclaimed series Pretentious Movie Reviews, gaining a big fan base and doing live comedy in his debut performance. He is the creator and writer of the Amazon Prime series Laakhon Mein Ek, as well as a stand-up comedian and judge in several Amazon Videos on the web platform.
Biswa in Your Face is his first solo tour across the country, followed by Biswa Mast Aadmi. He has over 685k subscribers on his YouTube channel, 406k followers on Instagram, and 253k followers on Facebook.
Aakash Gupta is a stage artist, actor, and comedian who specialises in sketch humour. He is a fantastic performer who was among the first stand-up comedians to reach #1 on YouTube, earning national and worldwide fans.
Aakash has also appeared in other online series on Amazon Prime and the Comedy Premium League on Netflix, finishing in the top three. In 2021, he began writing, directing, and performing on AVOD. He was the principal actor in the Amazon online series Couple Goals S3. Aakash is married to Samay Raina, and the ceremony was attended by a number of comedians and content creators.
Aditi Mittal is an actor and writer, as well as the sole and only female stand-up comedian on this list of the top ten stand-up comedians in India in 2023. She is well-known in the comedy industry and was named one of the top 05 Indians to appear in The Comedy Store, a U.K. organisation. She has also appeared in South African and American comics, as well as an American documentary called Stand-Up Planet.
Aside from her YouTube Bad Girls series, Additi has been on Canvas Laugh Factory, BBC Asia-Trial Blazers, Ripping the Decade, Fools Gold Awards, and Bollywood OMG. She specialises in observational humour and has a large following on social media.
Abhishek Upmanyu is a well-known contemporary Indian stand-up comedian. He worked in many professions before focusing solely on humour through his YouTube channel. Upmanyu's debut video on YouTube had over 17 million views, and he now has over 4 million followers on his channel. Abhishek has appeared on a variety of national and international stages, including Jealous of Sabjiwala, Thoda Saaf Bol, Team Animals, Marriage and Indian English, Friends, Crime, and The Cosmos. Abhishek is a writer for AIB On-Air in addition to making comedic videos.
Varun Grover is a well-known writer, comedian, poet, and civil engineer. In 2006, he began working as a writer in The Great Indian Comedy Show, SABKa Bheja Fry, Jay Hind!, and 10 Ka Dum, Sandeep Aur Pinky Faraar. Later in 2011, he began writing lyrics and became involved in the film's production and direction. Among his lyricist credits are Badhaai Do, Sui Dhaaga, Masaan, Gangs of Wasseypur, Sacred Games, and Kiss. Varun received the national prize for Dum Laga Ke Haisha, getting notoriety within the comic troupe Aisi Taisi Democracy.
As of 2023, Anubhav Singh Bassi is a BA LLB graduate and a well-known young stand-up comedian in India. He was born in Meerut, India, on January 9, 1991. He specialises in anecdotal humour and was named Youth Icon of the Year in 2021. Abhinav's comedic career took off in 2019 after his YouTube video titled cheating received over 39 million views. With only 11 videos on his YouTube account, Bassi has 3.68M subscribers, 1.5M Instagram followers, 43k Twitter followers, and 33k Facebook followers. Anubhav performed his performance, Bas Kar Bassi, in over 35 Indian towns in just six months, and it was a big success, with full houses.
Aside from it, he appeared in Comedy Couple and delivered a monologue in Amazon Funnies.
Munawar Iqbal Faruqui is another well-known young Indian stand-up comedian in 2023. He is also a composer and rapper. He was born in Junagadh, India on January 28, 1992. He just won the reality TV show Lock Up Season 1 and received national attention. Munawar is a comedian with a sense of humour and superb comic timing.
His YouTube video, Dawood, Yamraaj, and Aurat, played a crucial part in his journey to popularity. Faruqui updates his social media sites often, engaging the public with his many comedy styles. His debut music video, named, received over 2L views, and he afterwards uploaded more music videos with a high rate of people viewing, such as Halki Si Barsaat, Khamoshi, Khwahish, and Kaamil.
Zakir Khan is India's top stand-up comedian today, as well as an actor, writer, and host. He was born in Indore, India on August 20, 1987. Before landing in comedy with open mic and On Air with AIB, he worked in a variety of areas.
This stand-up comic rose to prominence after winning Comedy Central's (India's Best Stand-up Comedian show). He has been in a number of comedy shows (stand-up). In addition, he served as a mentor in the fifth season of The Great Indian Laughter Challenge. Zakir has two Amazon Prime videos, Haq Se Single and Kaksha Gyarvi, as well as an OTT series, Chacha Vidhayak Hain Humare.
He has 7.16 million subscribers on his YouTube channel, 4.6 million followers on Instagram, 2.5 million Facebook followers, and 1.2 million Twitter followers.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Baby #1 took over my house. Brightly colored plastic toys crept into every corner and soon the outrageously bright hues of yellows, greens and reds overtook my strategically decorated home. I had a new resolve with baby #2, and vowed to keep a balance between baby and mommy's "stuff". One of the baby accessories that is most obnoxious to me are the plastic ABC refrigerator magnets. Besides the fact that the colors do not jive with my kitchen hues, they are just poorly made. We have had three sets, and they all died a quick death. The magnets were tiny and not attached very well – I cringe to think how many may have been swallowed – in fact let's not even think about that!
I discovered this fun tutorial on Pinterest and put my own spin on it to devise this DIY ABC magnet tutorial. These are a modern twist on the classic plastic ABC magnets, completely customizable to your own color preferences. I love the finished product so much that I will be adding these to my list of go-to baby shower gifts or children's birthday presents.
Scrapbook paper with all 26 ABC's on separate squares (Try to find one where each letter square is approximately 2″ x 2″, you can trim a little bit if necessary) I found mine at Hobby Lobby.
1. Cut out the letters from the scrapbook paper (get as close to 2″ x 2″ as you can) I ended up trimming them to 1 7/8″ x 1 7/8″ squares because the width of the letters wasn't quite 2 inches wide. This size leaves a small tile border around the letters.
2. Using the paint/foam brush, paint the back side of one paper cutout with Mod Podge, then paint one tile with Mod Podge. Affix the paper cutout to the tile. Maneuver the paper until it is centered.
3. Repeat step 2 with the remaining cutouts and tiles. Smooth out any visible air bubbles.
4. Allow the tiles to dry for no less than 15-20 minutes.
5. Apply a top coat of Mod Podge to the tiles and allow to dry for an additional 15-20 minutes.
6. Apply a second top coat and allow to dry for at least an hour.
7. Plug in the hot glue gun.
8. Apply a dollop of hot glue on the middle back of tile and immediately affix one magnet.
10. Allow the magnets to dry for 24 hours before use.
*Disclaimer – magnets can be dangerous for small children. These magnet toys should not be placed in the mouth, and should only be used under parental supervision and for children over the age of 3 years old.
You can use these DIY clay alphabet magnets as a learning experience, or to write fun words and messages on a metal surface.
I ve made these before with just ABC stickers, but I love love the cute prints you used.
Thank you! How fun that you have made them before 🙂 Thanks for stopping by!
I used painters tape to keep the magnets from migrating towards each other once they are inside the fabric.
Excellent tip, thank you for sharing!


text:
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Khalid Daley in Doctors
by Rosie Nisbet | Jun 6, 2021 | Alumni News, Blog
We are so proud to be seeing ex-member Khalid Daley on our screens in Doctors. Khalid was a member of Stage2 from 2008-2014 before training at the Birmingham School of Acting.
"Stage2 is the foundation that gave me the drive, discipline and determination to be the actor and creative individual I always wanted to become. It's a place where I made friends, gained confidence, learned about acting, attained invaluable skills, made incredible memories from the shows I performed in and was supported through the subsidy fund.
I have to say my top shows at Stage2 that I had the privilege of performing in were Shakers, Our Day Out, Shockheaded Peter and Towerblock Trio but my favourite show and role to play was 'James' in James and the Giant Peach by Roald Dahl. Playing that role essentially certified the idea that if you have a dream, no matter how big or small it is, you can achieve it. I remember watching that movie so many times when I was younger and thinking, "I'd love to do that" and I did, which was a real blessing.
My advice would be to turn up, try hard and be nice. It's something I always remind myself and now that I'm older, I understand even more how important that mantra is, especially when you're wanting to be in an enjoyable working environment. It's something that I feel can just be applied to life. Also, take advantage of the opportunities that come your way and HAVE FUN!" – Khalid Daley
To watch Khalid in action, please visit BBC iPlayer.
Dan Nash in All's Well That Ends Well Tour
Connor Fox in Much Ado About Nothing at the Oxford Shakespeare Festival
Khalid is in HAMILTON
VIRAL is Live!
Yolanda is back on Netflix
The Young Writers' Festival
Young Directors Festival


text:
Букелът (от немски buckel, "гърбица", "малко хълмче", "издатина", също и издадена напред украса от метал върху щит) е декоративен елемент, който е разпространен главно в Западна България. Представлява релефна издатина и в литературата още се нарича и "ябълка".

Среща се върху кръстове и керамика. Типичен е за ранния енеолит.. Характерна букелна амфора е открита при разкопки на тракийското светилище Глухите камъни край с. Любимец.

Голям брой оброчни кръстове в района на Трън, Драгоман и Годеч са украсени с букели. Измежду по-добре запазените оброчни кръстове от XIX век и началото на XX век с голям брой букели са:
 Оброк на Св. Богородица край с. Беренде, кръст от 1913 г. с по три букела върху горните три рамене и два в основата на долното рамо (общо 11),
 Оброк на Св. Георги край Беренде, двоен кръст от 1831 г. с пет букела върху горното рамо и по един на страничните две леви и две десни рамена (общо 9),
 Оброк на Св. Богородица край с. Букоровци, Лукарин кръст от 1893 г. с три букела върху горното рамо и по два на страничните (общо 7),
 Оброк на Св. Георги край с. Букоровци, двоен кръст от 1910 г. с по три букела върху горното и страничните рамена (общо 9),
 Оброк на неизвестен светец край с. Бърля, кръст с вписан по-малък кръст от 1832 г. с по три букела върху горното и страничните рамена и още четири на източното лице на кръста (общо 13),
 Оброк на Св. Георги край с. Върбница, кръст от 1886 г. с четири букела на горното рамо и по три на страничните рамена (общо 10),
 Оброк на Св. Никола Летни край с. Смолча, кръст от 1831 г. с по три букела върху горното и страничните рамена (общо 9),
 Оброк на Св. Богородица край с. Вишан, кръст от 1905 г. с четири букела на горното рамо и по три на страничните рамена (общо 10).

Източници

Архитектурни елементи
Кръстове

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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A drama unfolded in Shek O on Thursday as authorities captured a huge snake discovered in the village. The snake appears to be a python, which are not venomous but can bite and grow up to nine metres in length. Footage of the incident, shot by resident Janva Tam, was shared widely on social media.


Prisons conditions have been proven to be brutal beyond compare. There are many people who have done the research and who have talked to people who are in prison who say prison isn't what you'd want to experience. Prison conditions are bad because of the lack of food or the bad food, the unfair treatment, and how it is not save within the prison.
Research has proven that the food conditions are not great. Prisoners don't tons of food, which most people would argue that they just don't deserve it because they are bad or they did something bad. The thing with that is that yes they did something bad that put them there but they also shouldn't be getting food that has mold or bugs in it that later makes them ill or sick. Prisoners did do something to earn them the spot in prison but it shouldn't necessarily be making them sick while they are in there. There is a reason for the lack of food and that is because the funding this is going towards the food is continuously being cut down lower and lower, which is causing less and less food going towards the inmates.
Prisoners think that they are also treated unfairly this is because they have proven that the guards treat them as if they are less than the average human just because they are in prison. Also through recent studies they have shown that they sometime get their basic rights taken away from them just because they happen to be in prison. They get treated as if they are less important than everyone else.
Prisons are not safe for many of the prisoners. There are over 217,000 american prisoners who are raped each year while they were locked up in prison. There were also reports of physical abuse from other prisoners. They were not helped by the guards. The guards were not fast responsive with what was going on. Which also puts the prisoners at risk.
Prisoners should have respect and be helped to form them into citizens that can help the society instead of throwing them to the side because of bad behavior. I think prison conditions should be improved for the better of things to help and show how to act within a prison.
I personally watch many documentaries about how pirsoners are treated while in prison and i think that some things should be changed. I hope you will see that even though these people did something bad they should not be treated like they are useless.


Bhagavan means one who possesses opulences.
Wealth - Lakshmi, the Goddess of Fortune is his consort.
Fame - Even today we are talking about Krishna's greatness. The fame of people fades eventually.
Knowledge - Original creator of everything, so naturally he knows all areas of science.
Strength - Krishna lifted Govardhana Hill.
Beauty - Even when he was on the battlefield, he looked as young as a 16 year old youth.
Renunciation - Though he is the owner of everything, he is detached from all possessions.


Rosemont's bachelor's degree in Business Administration is a student-centered program with a focus on business technology, global management, economics, ethical leadership, and the personal tools needed to launch a career. Learn from master practitioners who bring real world experience into the classroom. Coursework consists of oral presentations, organizational diagnosis, research papers, and group projects.
Gain the opportunity to participate in workshops and professional development activities offered through the College's Institute for Ethical Leadership and Social Responsibility.
Adult learners require convenience and flexibility - that's why we offer new start dates every five weeks. Classes are held one night/week from 6 p.m. to 10 p.m., and are facilitated on our main campus or online.


text:
Guru express his thoughts going into conference title games, picks Superbowl matchup
January 16, 2014 · by James H. Williams	· in Football, NFL, Sports, Trey Crosby III (The Guru), Writers.	·
By Trey Crosby III
Anybody having fun yet? I know I am. But, it's all coming to an end as there are only three more games left in the NFL season. That's a bummer, but the Guru went (3-1) last weekend and that is cause to celebrate. Shall we review?
The Seahawks gave it to the Saints in a game that ended up being closer than it actually should have been. New Orleans just isn't New Orleans on the road and they paid dearly for it with the loss. It was rainy and chippy outside and with the 12th man behind them, Seattle gutted out a victory. Percy Harvin was absolutely destroyed all game long and ended up leaving with a concussion.
Still, I wasn't very impressed with Russell Wilson or the Seahawks offense in general. Outside of Marshawn Lynch, they don't have much going for them. I was not in as much uproar about Marques Colston's forward lateral as many of you people were. Most players don't do inherently stupid things to cost their team a chance to win on their own, so it was pretty clear that was a planned play executed very poorly from its onset.
Sean Payton figured there would be no more time for another play, when in fact there would have been. And for those blaming Marques Colston for the horrible throw, well there's a reason he plays wide receiver and Drew Brees plays quarterback.
New England dismantled Indianapolis last Saturday night. Simply put, lightning would not strike twice for Mr. Luck. You just can't throw careless interceptions from week to week and expect to survive in the playoffs. I believe I said that if Indy got down, Tom Brady would step on their throats and keep them there. I misspoke. LeGarrete Blount punched the Colts dead in the face. It looked something like this…."You guys knew I was gonna find a way to put this in here right? Right?"
Night Night Jim Irsay
In the early game Sunday, the Carolina Panthers battled some questionable refereeing early as they lost 23-10 to San Francisco. The refs however, had nothing to do with Carolina not being able to score on seven plays from the 1 yard line in the first half. San Francisco dominated the 2nd half of the game as the Panthers offense was stuck in neutral.
The Denver Broncos would not disappoint as they made sure we would get to see the Brady/Manning matchup everybody is looking forward to watching. The Chargers made it interesting, but who really thought San Diego was getting out of Denver with that win?
The judge presiding over the proposed $765 million settlement between the N.F.L. and more than 4,500 retired players who sued the league and accused it of hiding the dangers of concussions has raised significant questions about whether there will be enough money for all of the payouts, medical tests and treatment.
In a ruling issued Tuesday, Judge Anita B. Brody of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania rejected the proposed settlement because the league and the plaintiffs' lawyers had not produced enough evidence to convince her that $765 million would cover the potential costs for 18,000 retirees over the 65-year life of the agreement. –New York Times
This is very concerning to me. I understand the judge in this case wants to make sure that the $765 million figure will be sufficient enough for all of the players who are attempting to cash in on this money.
However, she needs to think about the players who are suffering from Alzheimer's disease and the countless other medical problems these retired athletes are facing.
By rejecting the settlement, which was agreed to by the players and the league, she is putting money that has been allocated for the players suffering from these diseases currently in jeopardy.
These players need the money NOW and by rejecting the settlement she might be doing a great disservice to them. Most of these players would gladly put on all the pads and suit up again even if they were told of the risks involved in doing so.
Hopefully, the players get their money in a timely fashion before its too late. Also, the next generation knows what's at stake here, they know the long term health effects that football may end up having on their bodies at the end of their respective careers. They choose to play anyway, and are paid very well to throw around a pigskin for a living. Here's to hoping no band of "new generation" players attempt to sue the league after the fact anymore.
Pick time!
#GuruSays
#OmahaOmaha
2013-2014 Season picks record
Upset Special (5-14)
GuruDAMNtee (13-6)
Last Week (3-1)
Overall (149-114-1)
Patriots 31 @ Broncos 28 *GuruDAMNtee*
49ers 17 @ Seahawks 24
At this point in the postseason, I think we can throw out having an upset special. These four teams have proven they belong here and all four are capable of going the distance.
With that said, I'm taking New England on the road this weekend. Brady vs Manning is what we wanted and ultimately it's what we ended up with. Brady just flat out owns Manning.
He is 2-1 versus him in the playoffs and 10-4 against him in regular season competition. Not to mention, Peyton gets a little interception happy around this time of the year. But, that isn't why the Patriots (or the Broncos for that matter) will win.
The ground game has gotten both of these teams to where they are currently. Deion Sanders says it best "Nobody wants to hit that Blount", and he is correct. Nobody wants to hit LeGarrete Blount. He is 250 pounds and fast enough to return kicks for New England. Seriously, its not fair. I think he will be the difference Sunday, and with some late game heroics from Brady, the Patriots will make yet another Super Bowl appearance.
We go from from old school quarterbacks, to new school quarterbacks in the NFC title game. Russell Wilson and Colin Kaepernick will square off against each other in the late game on Sunday. Interestingly enough, I have not been impressed by either Wilson or Kaepernick as of late.
Especially Colin Kaepernick, he just has far too many weapons to be as inefficient as he has been. The young quarterbacks like Russell Wilson and Cam Newton don't really have the talent around them at the wide receiver position, but Kaepernick does, and for some reason he has not put up the numbers he should be able to with that offense. Russell Wilson is backed by a great defense led by Richard Sherman.
The key for Wilson will be to do just enough. Thats it, whatever "enough" is, that's what Wilson has to do to punch his ticket into the Super Bowl. Honestly, San Francisco has the best team in the NFL right now on paper, but these games are played on the field. It makes things particularly difficult if the field in which you are playing on has a crowd that can cause mini-earthquakes…literally. If they play this game anywhere else in the world, I would go with San Fran, but the 12th man and BEAST MODE will find a way to pull this one out.
To Jim Harbaugh and his Khaki pants….COURAGE
Tags: 49ers, AFC, Broncos, Chargers, Colin Kaepernick, Colts, Football, Guru, NFC, NFL, Panthers, Patriots, Percy Harvin, Peyton Manning, Playoffs, Russell Wilson, Saints, Seahawks, Superbowl, Tom Brady, Trey Crosby III
← (AUDIO): Peyton Manning's career will depend on offseason exam
Seahawks and Broncos have something to prove in Super Bowl →


text:
// Copyright 2016 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

package com.google.cloud.trace.jdbc;

import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;

import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.JUnit4;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.doThrow;

/** Unit tests for {@link ConnectionInvocationHandler}. */
@RunWith(JUnit4.class)
public class ConnectionInvocationHandlerTest {

  private final TraceService mockTraceService = mock(TraceService.class);
  private final TraceService.Span mockTraceSpan = mock(TraceService.Span.class);
  private final Connection mockRealConnection = mock(Connection.class);
  private final Statement mockRealStatement = mock(Statement.class);
  private final Proxy mockProxy = mock(Proxy.class);

  private ConnectionInvocationHandler connectionInvocationHandler;

  @Before
  public void before() {
    when(mockTraceService.open(any(String.class))).thenReturn(mockTraceSpan);
    connectionInvocationHandler =
        new ConnectionInvocationHandler(
            mockRealConnection, TraceOptions.of(new Properties()), mockTraceService);
  }

  @Test
  public void invoke_close() throws Throwable {
    connectionInvocationHandler.invoke(
        mockProxy, Connection.class.getDeclaredMethod("close"), new Object[0]);

    verify(mockRealConnection).close();
  }

  @Test
  public void invoke_commit_fails() throws Throwable {
    Exception expectedException = new SQLException();
    doThrow(expectedException).when(mockRealConnection).commit();

    try {
      connectionInvocationHandler.invoke(
              mockProxy, Connection.class.getDeclaredMethod("commit"), new Object[0]);
      fail("expected SQLException");
    } catch (Exception actualException) {
      assertThat(actualException).isSameAs(expectedException);
    }

    verify(mockRealConnection).commit();
  }

  @Test
  public void invoke_createStatement() throws Throwable {
    when(mockRealConnection.createStatement()).thenReturn(mockRealStatement);

    Object o =
        connectionInvocationHandler.invoke(
            mockProxy, Connection.class.getDeclaredMethod("createStatement"), new Object[0]);

    verify(mockRealConnection).createStatement();
    assertThat(o instanceof Statement).isTrue();

    ((Statement) o).execute("some sql text");
    verify(mockRealStatement).execute("some sql text");
  }
}


Do you want to take a look at Frankfurt's skyline from an entirely different perspective? The relaxing scenic river cruises that take you up and down the river Main provide you with the best view of Germany's most stunning skyline.
This trip takes you through the urban areas of Frankfurt towards the Western harbour, past Frankfurt's impressive skyline.
This trip takes you past the beautifully fashioned banks of the Main, with a detour to Frankfurt Osthafen. The next stop on this trip is the Gerbermühle. Here you can embark or disembark. Enjoy the best view of the most impressive skyline in Germany. We are delighted to welcome you to our daily round trip cruises on board our modern excursion vessel MS Palladium.
Built in 2006, this comfortable ship has all the features you would expect, such as air-conditioning, top quality furnishings, spacious sun deck, bar and much more!
Tickets for Primus-Linie river cruises are available in Frankfurt's Tourist Information Offices as well as at the ticket counter of the Primus-Linie, Eiserner Steg.
Do you have any questions regarding your visit to Frankfurt? Would you like information on sights to see, things to do, city tours, museums or hotels? Our Frankfurt Service Team is looking forward to your visit.


Some of us are worried that everyone is winning except us. Why are we comparing ourselves to others? Why are some of us obsessed with talking about what others are achieving and going after? Why are we holding ourselves to standards that are not realistic for us? "EVERYBODY IS WINNING!" we say. EVERYBODY IS DOING, I say! Those folks we admire… they out here… they getting it in… they are achieving things because they are doing the work. You wanna win, you gotta do the work! Lets talk about the salt and shade that consumes us.


Health and safety legislation is enforced by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) or one of the over 380 local authorities depending on the main activity carried out at any particular premises. In general Local Authorities are the main enforcing authority for retail, wholesale distribution and warehousing, hotel and catering premises, offices, and the consumer/leisure industries.
If you are unsure who is the enforcing body for your business click here.
For a wide range of information and guidance relating to Health and Safety at Work visit the HSE website. Alternatively you can contact us directly.
If you have suffered an incident at work that is RIDDOR reportable, it is a duty of your employer to inform the HSE through the RIDDOR reporting process. If your accident is to be investigated by this department, we will contact you after we have received the RIDDOR report.


Anabelle had just taken off her half boots when an air elemental showed up, wafting around her bedroom in a distressed manner, tugging at her dress and the bedclothes.
The sound –faint and distorted without the amplification of the horn – came to her ears.
Anabelle recognized the name the elementals had given Jonathon.
"Where?" she asked, already putting her boots back on.
And, for a wonder, it had. The air elemental's attention had not wandered and it had not forgotten it's task.
Ethereal caressed her cheek, and disappeared. Flicker came from somewhere, feeling her impatient anxiety, and nearly set her chemise on fire. She quelled his exuberance, and put on the shirtwaist and jacket she'd just taken off.
Anabelle went downstairs and found Clare in the kitchen supervising the new cook she had hired.
Anabelle gave Becky an uneasy glance, wondering what the woman thought of that, but apparently the woman accepted her new elevation in stature and duties with stolid composure.
It wasn't until Anabelle stepped out the front door that she realized both her horse and her gig were still with Jonathon at the County Sheriff's office. With a muttered word she'd learned from the hound-chasers during childhood, she started off at a cracking pace toward the office and jail.


text:
#include "OrcaHessianOutputParser.h"
#include <Utils/ExternalQC/Exceptions.h>
#include <Utils/IO/Regex.h>
#include <fstream>
#include <iterator>
#include <regex>

namespace Scine {
namespace Utils {
namespace ExternalQC {

OrcaHessianOutputParser::OrcaHessianOutputParser(const std::string& filename) {
  content_ = extractContent(filename);
}

std::string OrcaHessianOutputParser::extractContent(const std::string& filename) {
  std::ifstream fin;
  fin.exceptions(std::ifstream::failbit | std::ifstream::badbit);
  fin.open(filename);
  return std::string(std::istreambuf_iterator<char>{fin}, {});
}

HessianMatrix OrcaHessianOutputParser::getHessian() const {
  return extractHessian(content_);
}

HessianMatrix OrcaHessianOutputParser::getHessian(const std::string& outputFileName) {
  return extractHessian(extractContent(outputFileName));
}

HessianMatrix OrcaHessianOutputParser::extractHessian(const std::string& content) {
  std::istringstream iss(content);

  readUntilHessianKeyword(iss);
  auto atomCount = getNumberAtomsFromHessianOutput(iss);
  Eigen::MatrixXd hessianMatrix(atomCount, atomCount);

  // The matrix is given five columns at a time, thus several blocks will be displayed after each other.
  // number blocks as function of number atoms: 0->0, 1->1, 5->1, 6->2
  auto numberBlocks = (atomCount + 4) / 5;

  for (int block = 0; block < numberBlocks; ++block) {
    ignoreFirstBlockLine(iss);
    int firstBlockColumnIndex = 5 * block;
    readOneBlock(iss, hessianMatrix, atomCount, firstBlockColumnIndex);
  }

  return hessianMatrix;
}

void OrcaHessianOutputParser::readUntilHessianKeyword(std::istream& in) {
  std::string line;
  while (std::getline(in, line)) {
    if (line == "$hessian") {
      return;
    }
  }
  throw OutputFileParsingError("Could not find \"$hessian\" in hessian output file.");
}

int OrcaHessianOutputParser::getNumberAtomsFromHessianOutput(std::istream& in) {
  std::string atomNumberLine;
  std::getline(in, atomNumberLine);
  std::regex regex(R"(^(\d+)$)");
  std::smatch matches;
  if (regex_search(atomNumberLine, matches, regex)) {
    return stoi(matches[1]);
  }
  throw OutputFileParsingError("Could not find the number of atoms in hessian output file.");
}

void OrcaHessianOutputParser::ignoreFirstBlockLine(std::istream& in) {
  std::string firstBlockLine;
  std::getline(in, firstBlockLine);
}

void OrcaHessianOutputParser::readOneBlock(std::istream& in, Eigen::MatrixXd& m, int atomCount, int firstBlockColumnIndex) {
  std::string line;
  for (int lineIndex = 0; lineIndex < atomCount; ++lineIndex) {
    std::getline(in, line);
    // Format:
    //   4    1.234567E-02   1.234567E-02   1.234567E-02   1.234567E-02   1.234567E-02
    std::string oneNumberRegex = R"(\s+)" + Regex::capturingFloatingPointNumber();

    std::string regexString = R"(\s*\d+)";
    int remainingAtoms = std::min(5, atomCount - firstBlockColumnIndex);

    for (int i = 0; i < remainingAtoms; ++i) {
      regexString += oneNumberRegex;
    }
    std::regex regex(regexString);
    std::smatch matches;
    if (regex_search(line, matches, regex)) {
      for (int i = 0; i < remainingAtoms; ++i) {
        m(lineIndex, firstBlockColumnIndex + i) = std::stod(matches[1 + i]);
      }
    }
    else {
      throw OutputFileParsingError("Error in parsing of Hessian, line: \"" + line + "\"");
    }
  }
}

} // namespace ExternalQC
} // namespace Utils
} // namespace Scine


In 2017, the Legislature anesthetized a much-deserved assets tax abatement bill for the citizens who are accepting aggressive retirement benefits. This abatement has been adopted by bisected the states. Based on 2015 abstracts from West Virginia Veterans Affairs, there are 35,650 individuals accepting affliction advantage or alimony benefits.
At the aforementioned time, there was abundant altercation about tax abatement for abounding on Social Security. West Virginia continues to tax Social Security benefits, which are accustomed by 25 percent of the accompaniment population. There are about 312,000 association age 65 or above. There are 455,850 citizens of the accompaniment who accept some anatomy of Social Security benefit. Of those who accept formed to retirement age, 92 percent accept Social Security. West Virginia is one of alone 13 states that continues to burden assets taxes on those benefits.
Each dollar these beneficiaries receives generates $1.61 in bread-and-er output. The bulk paid in taxes does not accomplish this achievement for West Virginia.
Based on the latest AARP address (2014 data), the boilerplate account accustomed is $14,441. This account lifts 52 percent of the 65-plus citizenry aloft the abjection level. Social Security assets is over 50 percent of the assets for 68 percent of those who worked, aloft families and paid assets taxes and are now over 65 years of age. Likely, abounding of those accepting aggressive pensions are accepting and advantageous taxes on their Social Security. All workers accept ahead paid assets tax on their Social Security deductions anniversary pay period.
Therefore, it is accomplished time for the Legislature to achieve the tax abatement bill for those admirable individuals who formed actuality and chose to retire here.


text:
Book Giveaway For Sonora and the Eye of the Titans (Sonora, #1)
Sonora and the Eye of the Titans (Sonora, #1)
T.S. Hall (Goodreads Author)
Enter for a chance to win 1 of 100 kindle copies of the 1st installment in the epic young-adult fantasy series Sonora.
Allora is the last remaining Enter for a chance to win 1 of 100 kindle copies of the 1st installment in the epic young-adult fantasy series Sonora.
Allora is the last remaining descendant of Zeus and the only hope that Earth has against a Titan invasion. With the help of her bumbling warlock guardian Sasquatch, and her three best friends, Allora must find the answers to a complex riddle which will reveal the location of a powerful artifact used during the time of the Titan Wars. ...more
Availability: 100 copies available, 617 people requesting
About T.S. Hall
I'm a writer, skier, and wanderer. I grew up in Portland, Oregon, but currently live in the beautiful mountain resort town of Sun Valley, Idaho. I love history, mythology, and the fantastical interpretations that have been incorporated in my debut young-adult urban fantasy series called Sonora.
http://www.sonoraseries.com
http://www.facebook.com/SonoraSeries
http://www.instagram.com/sonoraseries
http://www.twitter.com/SonoraSeries
http://www.youtube.com/user/SonoraSeries
http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/13...
http://www.quora.com/Sonora-Series ...more
More about T.S. Hall...
617 people entered this giveaway
T.S. 103 books
4980 friends


text:
package com.tutorialspoint.dependencyinjection;

public class SpellChecker {
  public SpellChecker() {
    System.out.println("Inside SpellChecker constructor.");
  }

  public void checkSpelling() {
    System.out.println("Inside checkSpelling.");
  }
}


text:
Addu Kandu, Dv. for "Addu Channel", is the traditional name of the broad channel between Huvadhu Atoll and Addu Atoll in the south of Maldives.

In the British Admiralty charts it is called Equatorial Channel because the Equator passes through its midst.

Within Addu Kandu the Equatorial Channel divides to form another important channel named Mulah Kandu. Geographically a part of Addu Kandu, it is located north-east of Addu Atoll, between the eastern end of this atoll and Fuvahmulah at a lat of 0° 17' S, southwards from the centre of the main channel.

This channel appeared in old French maps with the name Courant de Addoue.

See also
Mulah Kandu

References
 Divehiraajjege Jōgrafīge Vanavaru. Muhammadu Ibrahim Lutfee. G.Sōsanī.
Xavier Romero-Frias, The Maldive Islanders, A Study of the Popular Culture of an Ancient Ocean Kingdom. 1999,

Channels of the Indian Ocean
Channels of the Maldives


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Sabdha hearing aid decided to conduct an event such as speech recognition and practice using the well devoloped techology. Hearing Aid Chengannur starts new rehabilitation programs with the coordination of the hearing aid kottarakkara .
Enviar confirmación de asistencia a Hearing Training and treatment para agregar comentarios.


text:
About Jim Bowie…. a lifetime of marketing experience.
Here is a summary of Jim's past accomplishments.
Over 20 years of top-level marketing experience.
Prior to Brandrenaline, Inc., Jim had overall marketing and brand responsibility for the American Motorcyclist Association. Jim was responsible for all marketable assets including the magazine and websites, membership programs, member benefit partnerships, Museum and Hall of Fame and all major events at the AMA.
Prior to the AMA, Jim's experience included events, marketing and business development programs with athletes and properties such as Mario & Michael Andretti, NASCAR Champion Kurt Busch and Penske Racing, plus the award-winning experiential marketing program for Ford – "Fusion Challenge", and Cadillac's "Editor for the Day" consumer ride and drive events. Jim also created the "Mayor of Hinchtown" persona, brand, and marketing strategy for open-wheel star James Hinchcliffe. Top-to-bottom series management of Formula BMW USA – a professional open wheel race series launched by BMW Motorsport (Munich) and supported by BMW North America (Woodcliff Hills, NJ), remains a highlight of Jim's accomplishments.
Prior to FB USA, Jim was a Director at Champ Car – a global, professional sports marketing property – where in addition to managing clients such as Ford, Honda, Toyota, Bridgestone and Yokohama, he was instrumental in assisting all of the Champ Car teams with their marketing efforts. Jim also launched the Champ Car Hispanic Marketing initiatives, and participated in the marketing councils for both the Champ Car World Series and the Champ Car Atlantic Series.
As marketing director at Skip Barber Racing School, Jim re-tooled the entire marketing and communications strategies resulting in significant growth. Jim also directed the marketing efforts for Treadway Racing – a 2-car team in the Indy Racing League. Jim is the proud owner of an Indy 500 Championship ring resulting from Treadway's impressive 1-2 finish in the 1997 Indianapolis 500.
Jim grew up in farm country in Southern Ontario and has lived in Vancouver, Los Angeles, Indianapolis, Columbus, Ohio and Sharon, Connecticut.
Jim enjoys motorsports, motorcycling, photography and music.


text:
Oreocharis cinnamomea är en tvåhjärtbladig växtart som beskrevs av Anthony. Oreocharis cinnamomea ingår i släktet Oreocharis och familjen Gesneriaceae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Externa länkar

Plisterordningen
cinnamomea


Awesome cosplay of Katniss Everdeen from The Hunger Games. Katniss is seen here in her Mockingjay costume. The archer even looks like there is an battle arena in the background.
There are a couple aspects of this look. Katniss always wears her hair in a braid. You can use a wig or just braid your own. To get the exact same Mockingjay costume try here. It comes with the bow.


Discover how forensic science helps decode the mysteries of human remains at a crime scene in this 94-minute informative program.
What role does forensic science play in crime scene analysis when human remains are involved? This program provides a comprehensive overview of the role that science plays in support of law enforcement. With expert insights from forensic science professors, this episode draws on the knowledge and experience of faculty members from the Department of Forensic Science at Laurentian University. Scott Fairgrieve, Tracy Oost and Gerard Courtin take viewers through each crime scene with a trained eye to guide the next generation of detectives.
Decomposition Timeline � It is crucial to be able to understand the post mortem interval and to be able to recognize the different stages of decomposition with human remains. The timeline includes different factors that change the rate of decomposition.
Identification of Human Remains � To be able to identify human remains, specialized knowledge of the different characteristics of human skeletons is required as well as an understanding of the effects of exposure and time on the appearance of bones. Being able to differentiate between animal and human bones is also necessary.
Identification of Burial Sites � Burial sites can be found by searching for surface disturbance. Initially the grave site will have a mound at the surface, and eventually it will sink slightly. Different plant species over the grave will change over time. A soil probe can be used to find areas of disturbed soil.
In Search of Human Remains � An assessment is used to determine the currently available finances, personnel and equipment. Cadaver dogs and search specialists are considered.