text:
Q: How to prevent WMI quotas from overflowing? I am using a C# application to monitor the processes launched from a particular folder, and I am using WMI for monitoring. My WMI query is like
SELECT * FROM __InstanceCreationEvent WITHIN 5 WHERE TargetInstance ISA 'Win32_Process' AND TargetInstance.ExecutablePath LIKE '{0}%'

where I substitute the parameter with the path to the folder which I am intereseted. The WMI query is working fine and I am subscribing to the event notifications to do some additional processsing when a process from the particular folder comes up. The monitoring tool runs fine for hours after which I start getting a  WMI QuotaViolation exception in my app. Once this happens I need to restart the Windows Management Instrumentation service to get the thing working.
I was initially using a
`SELECT * FROM __InstanceCreationEvent WITHIN 5 WHERE TargetInstance ISA 'Win32_Process'`

query and then checking the processes folder in the event notification, the modification in the query was done hoping it would reduce the result set and therefore prevent the Quota Violation.
Is there any way to flush the WMI quotas periodically or any other method whereby I can prevent the QuotaViolation? What is the best way to handle a QuotaViolation scenario?
Edit:
This is my process watcher object :
public class ProcessWatcher : ManagementEventWatcher
{

    private string folder = "";

    // Process Events
    public event ProcessEventHandler ProcessCreated;  //notifies process creation
    //add any more event notifications required here

    // WMI WQL process query strings
    static readonly string WMI_OPER_EVENT_QUERY = @"SELECT * FROM __InstanceCreationEvent WITHIN 5 WHERE TargetInstance ISA 'Win32_Process'";
    static readonly string WMI_OPER_EVENT_QUERY_WITH_PROC =
        WMI_OPER_EVENT_QUERY + " and TargetInstance.Name = '{0}'";

    public ProcessWatcher(string basepath)
    {
        folder = basepath;
        Init(string.Empty);
    }

    public ProcessWatcher(string processName, string basepath)
    {
        folder = basepath;
        Init(processName);
    }

    private void Init(string processName)
    {
        this.Query.QueryLanguage = "WQL";
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(processName))
        {
            this.Query.QueryString = string.Format(WMI_OPER_EVENT_QUERY + @" AND TargetInstance.ExecutablePath LIKE '{0}%'", folder.Replace(@"\",@"\\")) ;
        }
        else
        {
            this.Query.QueryString =
                string.Format(WMI_OPER_EVENT_QUERY_WITH_PROC, processName);
        }

        this.EventArrived += new EventArrivedEventHandler(watcher_EventArrived);
    }

    private void watcher_EventArrived(object sender, EventArrivedEventArgs e)
    {
        try
        {
            ManagementBaseObject mObj = e.NewEvent["TargetInstance"] as ManagementBaseObject;
            if (mObj != null)
            {
                Win32_Process proc = new Win32_Process(mObj);
                if (proc != null)
                {
                    folder = folder.ToLower() ?? "";
                    string exepath = (string.IsNullOrEmpty(proc.ExecutablePath)) ? "" : proc.ExecutablePath.ToLower();
                    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(folder) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(exepath) && exepath.Contains(folder))
                    {
                        if (ProcessCreated != null) ProcessCreated(proc);
                    }
                }
                proc.Dispose();
            }
            mObj.Dispose();
        }
        catch(Exception ex) { throw; }
        finally
        {
            e.NewEvent.Dispose();
        }
    }

I create a ProcessWatcher object at app startup, in a viewmodel constructor like :
        watch = new ProcessWatcher(BasePath);
        watch.ProcessCreated += new ProcessEventHandler(procWatcher_ProcessCreated);
        watch.Start();

The start call is where the QuotaViolation is raised if I try to start it a second time without restarting WMI.
At app exit, I am disposing off the ProcessWatcher object like :
watch.Stop();
watch.Dispose();

The Relevant Stack trace is :
Exception InnerException [System.Management.ManagementException: Quota violation
at System.Management.ManagementException.ThrowWithExtendedInfo(ManagementStatus errorCode)
at System.Management.ManagementEventWatcher.Start()
at App.ProcessTabViewModel1..ctor()

A:
System.Management.ManagementException: Quota violation

Yes, that happens.  I wrote a little test program, based on your snippet after adding the missing pieces:
    static void Main(string[] args) {
        for (int ix = 0; ix < 1000; ++ix) {
            var obj = new ProcessWatcher("");
            obj.ProcessCreated += obj_ProcessCreated;
            obj.Start();
        }
    }

Kaboom!  With the exact same stack trace as you quoted.  It conked out at ix == 76.  In other words, the WMI quota for this query is 75.  Tested in Windows 8.1.  Feels about right, this is a very expensive query, none too fast either.
You are going to have to do this fundamentally different, create only one query.  One is enough, you probably got into trouble by doing this for many folders.  Attack that differently, do your own filtering when you get the event.  A rough example (I didn't quite get the filtering you want to do):
public class ProcessWatcher2 : IDisposable {
    public delegate void ProcessCreateEvent(string name, string path);
    public event ProcessCreateEvent ProcessCreated;

    public ProcessWatcher2(string folder) {
        this.folder = folder;
        lock (locker) {
            listeners.Add(this);
            if (watcher == null) Initialize();
        }
    }

    public void Dispose() {
        lock (locker) {
            listeners.Remove(this);
            if (listeners.Count == 0) {
                watcher.Stop();
                watcher.Dispose();
                watcher = null;
            }
        }
    }

    private static void Initialize() {
        var query = new WqlEventQuery(@"SELECT * FROM __InstanceCreationEvent WITHIN 5 WHERE TargetInstance ISA 'Win32_Process'");
        watcher = new ManagementEventWatcher(query);
        watcher.EventArrived += watcher_EventArrived;
        watcher.Start();
    }

    private static void watcher_EventArrived(object sender, EventArrivedEventArgs e) {
        using (var proc = (ManagementBaseObject)e.NewEvent["TargetInstance"]) {
            string name = (string)proc.Properties["Name"].Value;
            string path = (string)proc.Properties["ExecutablePath"].Value;
            lock (locker) {
                foreach (var listener in listeners) {
                    bool filtered = false;
                    // Todo: implement your filtering
                    //...
                    var handler = listener.ProcessCreated;
                    if (!filtered && handler != null) {
                        handler(name, path);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private static ManagementEventWatcher watcher;
    private static List<ProcessWatcher2> listeners = new List<ProcessWatcher2>();
    private static object locker = new object();
    private string folder;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Python/Pandas - split text into columns by delimiter ; and create a csv file I have a long text where I have inserted a delimiter ";" exactly where I would like to split the text into different columns.
So far, whenever I try to split the text into 'ID' and 'ADText' I only get the first line. However there should be 1439 lines/rows in two columns.
My text looks like this:
1234; text in written from with multiple sentences going over multiple lines until at some point the next ID is written dwon 2345; then the new Ad-Text begins until the next ID 3456; and so on
I want to use the ; to split my text into two Columns, one with ID and one with the AD Text.
#read the text file into python:
jobads= pd.read_csv("jobads.txt", header=None)
print(jobadsads)

#create dataframe
df=pd.DataFrame(jobads, index=None, columns=None)
type(df)
print(df)
#name column to target it for split
df = df.rename(columns={0:"Job"})
print(df)

#split it into two columns. Problem: I only get the first row.
print(pd.DataFrame(dr.Job.str.split(';',1).tolist(),
                   columns=['ID','AD']))

Unfortunately that only works for the first entry and then it stops. The output looks like this:
               ID                                                 AD
0            1234                                   text in written from with ...

Where am I going wrong? I would appreciate any advise =)
Thank you!

A: sample text:
FullName;ISO3;ISO1;molecular_weight
Alanine;Ala;A;89.09
Arginine;Arg;R;174.20
Asparagine;Asn;N;132.12
Aspartic_Acid;Asp;D;133.10
Cysteine;Cys;C;121.16

Create columns based on ";" separator:
import pandas as pd
f = "aminoacids"
df = pd.read_csv(f,sep=";")

EDIT: Considering the comment I assume the text looks more something like this:
t = """1234; text in written from with multiple sentences going over multiple lines until at some point the next ID is written dwon 2345; then the new Ad-Text begins until the next ID 3456; and so on1234; text in written from with multiple """

In this case regex like this will split your string into ids and text which you can then use to generate a pandas dataframe.
import re
r = re.compile("([0-9]+);")
re.split(r,t)

Output:
['',
 '1234',
 ' text in written from with multiple sentences going over multiple lines until at some point the next ID is written dwon ',
 '2345',
 ' then the new Ad-Text begins until the next ID ',
 '3456',
 ' and so on',
 '1234',
 ' text in written from with multiple ']

EDIT 2:
This is a response to questioners additional question in the comments:
How to convert this string to a pandas dataframe with 2 columns: IDs and Texts
import pandas as pd
# a is the output list from the previous part of this answer
# Create list of texts. ::2 takes every other item from a list, starting with the FIRST one.
texts = a[::2][1:]
print(texts)
# Create list of ID's. ::1 takes every other item from a list, starting with the SECOND one
ids = a[1::2]
print(ids)
df = pd.DataFrame({"IDs":ids,"Texts":texts})


text:
Search for CP violation in tt¯ production and decay in proton-proton collisions at √s=8 TeV
The results of a first search for CP violation in the production and decay of top quark-antiquark (tt¯) pairs are presented. The search is based on asymmetries in T-odd, triple-product correlation observables, where T is the time-reversal operator. The analysis uses a sample of proton-proton collisions at s=8 TeV collected by the CMS experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1. Events are selected having one electron or muon and at least four jets. The T-odd observables are measured using four-momentum vectors associated with tt¯ production and decay. The measured asymmetries exhibit no evidence for CP-violating effects, consistent with the expectation from the standard model.[Figure not available: see fulltext.]
https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP03(2017)101
Published - Mar 1 2017
CP violation
Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments)
Top physics
10.1007/JHEP03(2017)101
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Search for CP violation in tt¯ production and decay in proton-proton collisions at √s=8 TeV'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
CP violation Physics & Astronomy
muons Physics & Astronomy
The CMS collaboration (2017). Search for CP violation in tt¯ production and decay in proton-proton collisions at √s=8 TeV. Journal of High Energy Physics, 2017(3), [101]. https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP03(2017)101
The CMS collaboration. / Search for CP violation in tt¯ production and decay in proton-proton collisions at √s=8 TeV. In: Journal of High Energy Physics. 2017 ; Vol. 2017, No. 3.
@article{53f5877728aa4b468effb99789ce9bad,
title = "Search for CP violation in tt¯ production and decay in proton-proton collisions at √s=8 TeV",
abstract = "The results of a first search for CP violation in the production and decay of top quark-antiquark (tt¯) pairs are presented. The search is based on asymmetries in T-odd, triple-product correlation observables, where T is the time-reversal operator. The analysis uses a sample of proton-proton collisions at s=8 TeV collected by the CMS experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1. Events are selected having one electron or muon and at least four jets. The T-odd observables are measured using four-momentum vectors associated with tt¯ production and decay. The measured asymmetries exhibit no evidence for CP-violating effects, consistent with the expectation from the standard model.[Figure not available: see fulltext.]",
keywords = "CP violation, Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments), Top physics",
author = "{The CMS collaboration} and V. Khachatryan and Sirunyan, {A. M.} and A. Tumasyan and W. Adam and E. Asilar and T. Bergauer and J. Brandstetter and E. Brondolin and M. Dragicevic and J. Er{\"o} and M. Flechl and M. Friedl and R. Fr{\"u}hwirth and Ghete, {V. M.} and C. Hartl and N. H{\"o}rmann and J. Hrubec and M. Jeitler and A. K{\"o}nig and I. Kr{\"a}tschmer and D. Liko and T. Matsushita and I. Mikulec and D. Rabady and N. Rad and B. Rahbaran and H. Rohringer and J. Schieck and J. Strauss and W. Waltenberger and Wulz, {C. E.} and O. Dvornikov and V. Makarenko and V. Zykunov and V. Mossolov and N. Shumeiko and {Suarez Gonzalez}, J. and S. Alderweireldt and {De Wolf}, {E. A.} and X. Janssen and J. Lauwers and {Van De Klundert}, M. and {Van Haevermaet}, H. and {Van Mechelen}, P. and {Van Remortel}, N. and A. Whitbeck and N. Akchurin and S. Kunori and Lee, {S. W.} and I. Volobouev",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017, The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",
doi = "10.1007/JHEP03(2017)101",
journal = "Journal of High Energy Physics",
The CMS collaboration 2017, 'Search for CP violation in tt¯ production and decay in proton-proton collisions at √s=8 TeV', Journal of High Energy Physics, vol. 2017, no. 3, 101. https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP03(2017)101
Search for CP violation in tt¯ production and decay in proton-proton collisions at √s=8 TeV. / The CMS collaboration.
In: Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2017, No. 3, 101, 01.03.2017.
T1 - Search for CP violation in tt¯ production and decay in proton-proton collisions at √s=8 TeV
AU - The CMS collaboration
AU - Khachatryan, V.
AU - Sirunyan, A. M.
AU - Tumasyan, A.
AU - Adam, W.
AU - Asilar, E.
AU - Bergauer, T.
AU - Brandstetter, J.
AU - Brondolin, E.
AU - Dragicevic, M.
AU - Erö, J.
AU - Friedl, M.
AU - Frühwirth, R.
AU - Ghete, V. M.
AU - Hartl, C.
AU - Hörmann, N.
AU - Hrubec, J.
AU - Jeitler, M.
AU - König, A.
AU - Krätschmer, I.
AU - Liko, D.
AU - Mikulec, I.
AU - Rabady, D.
AU - Rad, N.
AU - Rahbaran, B.
AU - Rohringer, H.
AU - Strauss, J.
AU - Waltenberger, W.
AU - Wulz, C. E.
AU - Dvornikov, O.
AU - Makarenko, V.
AU - Zykunov, V.
AU - Mossolov, V.
AU - Shumeiko, N.
AU - Suarez Gonzalez, J.
AU - Alderweireldt, S.
AU - De Wolf, E. A.
AU - Janssen, X.
AU - Lauwers, J.
AU - Van De Klundert, M.
AU - Van Haevermaet, H.
AU - Van Mechelen, P.
AU - Whitbeck, A.
AU - Akchurin, N.
AU - Kunori, S.
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2017, The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
N2 - The results of a first search for CP violation in the production and decay of top quark-antiquark (tt¯) pairs are presented. The search is based on asymmetries in T-odd, triple-product correlation observables, where T is the time-reversal operator. The analysis uses a sample of proton-proton collisions at s=8 TeV collected by the CMS experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1. Events are selected having one electron or muon and at least four jets. The T-odd observables are measured using four-momentum vectors associated with tt¯ production and decay. The measured asymmetries exhibit no evidence for CP-violating effects, consistent with the expectation from the standard model.[Figure not available: see fulltext.]
AB - The results of a first search for CP violation in the production and decay of top quark-antiquark (tt¯) pairs are presented. The search is based on asymmetries in T-odd, triple-product correlation observables, where T is the time-reversal operator. The analysis uses a sample of proton-proton collisions at s=8 TeV collected by the CMS experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1. Events are selected having one electron or muon and at least four jets. The T-odd observables are measured using four-momentum vectors associated with tt¯ production and decay. The measured asymmetries exhibit no evidence for CP-violating effects, consistent with the expectation from the standard model.[Figure not available: see fulltext.]
KW - CP violation
KW - Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments)
KW - Top physics
U2 - 10.1007/JHEP03(2017)101
DO - 10.1007/JHEP03(2017)101
JO - Journal of High Energy Physics
JF - Journal of High Energy Physics
The CMS collaboration. Search for CP violation in tt¯ production and decay in proton-proton collisions at √s=8 TeV. Journal of High Energy Physics. 2017 Mar 1;2017(3). 101. https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP03(2017)101

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The National Club Association (NCA) recently held its annual meeting in Chicago in conjunction with its National Club Conference where it elected new board members and officers to govern the Association. The mission of NCA, a Washington, D.C.-based trade association, is to defend, protect and advance the interests and well-being of private, social and recreational clubs.
Lou DiLorenzo, Vice President of the Board of Governors at Interlachen Country Club in Edina, Minn., and Malcolm MacColl, President of the Board of Governors at The Westmoor Club in Nantucket, Mass., are the new directors elected to the NCA board for three-year terms.
Lou DiLorenzo is chief operating officer of Bright Health, a new technology enabled health insurance company based in Minneapolis, Minn. Prior to that, he worked for Cargill, Inc., most recently as vice president and chief information officer for the food and bio industrial enterprise. Prior to joining Cargill, Lou held numerous positions at Deloitte in New York City. DiLorenzo holds an MBA from the Harvard Business School and a Bachelor of Arts from Colgate University.
Malcolm MacColl is a retired financial services executive. He was a partner at Brown Investment Advisory, the chairman & CEO of Crosswind Investments LLC, and the Co-CEO of Essex Investment Management, all in the Boston area. He began his career at First Boston Corporation (now Credit Suisse). MacColl is a member of numerous club, including The Country Club, Brookline, Mass.; Gulph Mills Golf Club, King of Prussia, Pa.; Merion Cricket Club, Haverford, Pa.; Sankaty Head Golf Club, Nantucket, Mass.; Windsor Club, Vero Beach, Fla.; and The Westmoor Club on Nantucket, Mass.
The new officers include Ted M. Benn, Partner at Thompson & Knight LLP in Dallas, NCA Chair, with Kevin P. Vitale, General Manager/COO of Baltusrol Golf Club in Springfield, N.J., serving as the new Vice Chair. Frank J. Vain, President of McMahon Group, in St. Louis, was elected as the new Secretary and Kevin R. Reilly, Partner at PBMares LLP in Fairfax, Va., was reelected Treasurer. The Immediate Past Chair is Philip R. Kiester, General Manager at The Country Club of Virginia in Richmond, Va.


text:
Comic Book, Crime, DC Cinematic Universe, DC Comics, Drama, Film, Geekdom, Literature, Movies, Psychology, Television
Dr Harleen Quinzel/Harley Quinn is an enemy of Batman. She becomes completely obsessed with the Joker while interning at Arkham Asylum, and volunteers to analyze him. She falls in love with the Joker during their sessions. After helping him escape from Arkham Asylum on numerous occasions. She is caught by her bosses, who take her license and put her own cell. During an earthquake in Gotham City, she flees and becomes Harley Quinn, the Joker's number two.
She is in a highly volatile relationship. No matter how awful the clown is to her, she always comes crawling back. On many occasions she has tried to cut him off but fails every time. Harley Quinn was first introduced as a villain on the 11th September 1992 in Batman: The Animated Series and was later incorporated as a series regular in DC's Batman comics. Her costume is that of a harlequin jester hence her name. The character is a frequent associate and the girlfriend of Batman's nemesis the Joker, and is also close to Poison Ivy as well as her accomplice on many occasions. This is where she gained her immunity to most poisons.
Margot Robbie has been confirmed for the role of Harley Quinn in the Suicide Squad. I believe she is an awesome choice for the role because Harley Quinn has never been portrayed on-screen (live action) by anybody else before. She will not have to follow in anybody's shadow. The Joker has been done many times but Harley Quinn has never been done. Margot Robbie was great in The Wolf Of Wall Street, her character being that of Nadine Belfort. She is sassy, confident, argumentative, sexy, opinionated and manipulative much like our Harley Quinn. If she transfers the same personality traits of Nadine into Harley with the addition of sociopathic hysteria, we have a winner. Harley Quinn briefly made a cameo in CW's Arrow in the episode titled 'The Suicide Squad'.
Suicide Squad is set for an August 2016 released date.
Cinema Comic Book DC DCCU Film Society Television
Gotham: Victor Zsasz
What Is Petyr Baelish Up To?


Families with returning students, you will need to submit your application and 2017 tax documents and 2018 W2's no later than April 1st, 2019.
2. Then click on the Set Up a Payment Plan or Begin Application Buttons.


Fencing is fun, safe, exciting and a great form of exercise. Fencing sharpens your agility, balance, confidence, reflexes, and even your mind. This three-week course provides an opportunity to try out this classic sport without making a long-term commitment or costly investment. We'll cover safety, history, basic footwork, and hand positions. You'll be able to use all equipment and leave class with your own fencing glove.


text:
Q: jQuery-UI Draggable doesn't work in IE 8 but works in Chrome and Firefox I'm using jquery ui for the draggable part. #photo is the element which should be draggable. It works fine on Chrome and firefox, and the page doesn't throw any errors on IE8. However when I try to drag the #photo on IE8 it doesn't work.
There are 2 elements which make the final round image: 1. The actual rectangular blue photo. and 2. A mask with a circular hole which sits atop the image.
Now in Chrome if I right click on top and select 'open image in new tab' the blue photo opens up. However in IE, if I try to do the same I get the mask with a circular hole.
To sum up, he draggable is working, but the mask is being accessed in IE instead of the photo.
Here is the page where it isn't working on IE8: http://bit.ly/zVPMvZ

A: $('#mytopdiv').mousedown(function(ev) {
    $('#bottomdiv').trigger(ev);
});


In this video tutorial, Nathaniel Dodson from Tutvid.com shows you how to select fuzzy hair in Photoshop. This is one of the most hairy (excuse the pun) tasks for a retoucher, and it comes in different variations. Maybe you're not selecting hair but fur, trees or clouds. All of these objects can be very hard to select. Check out how Nathaniel uses the Quick Selection tool and the Refine Edge tool.
Do your photos look flat? Do you want to add some more interesting lighting effects to them in post-processing? You should really try to get the lighting right in camera while you're shooting. But sometimes, the light just isn't right when you are shooting, or maybe you want to achieve some different look when you post-process the image. In those cases, you can fix the image to a certain degree. In this video, I am going to show you a simple trick for creating a spotlight effect in Photoshop to improve the overall lighting.


Mutant sheep and Z-list celebs – my first term at Sussex University continued to be eventful.
UAL fashion design student Tabinda-Kauser Ishaq, discusses the inspirations behind her work as she approaches the end of her degree.
Uber has changed the way many people travel, but should it be tackling allegations of harassment and that it smears its critics?
A project to improve the welfare of athletes is underway created by Brunel university and UNICEF.


A stylish, modern extending dining table with a painted glass top and single extension leaf. Wooden legs and side profiles in wood veneer or lacquered in a choice of colors. For all color options see sample cards below.


What does every person need? Friends who know you. And friends who thrift for you!
Top picture: I've started to experiment with glass garden towers and needed some toppers. These candle holders (imagine them turned the other way and in a metal holder) fit the bill perfectly!
Bottom Picture: Do you remember the post I had some months back with all the fabulous ideas for redesigning and repurposing globes? I'm gonna have some fun now!
With friends like these who thrift…me thinks me shall never have to leave the house again!


For the current season, see 2018–19 FIS Cross-Country World Cup.
The FIS Cross-Country World Cup is an annual cross-country skiing competition, arranged by the International Ski Federation (FIS) since 1981. The competition was arranged unofficially between 1973 and 1981, although it received provisional recognition on the 31st FIS Congress, 29–30 April 1977 in Bariloche, Argentina.
The first World Cup races were held on 9 January 1982 and were located in Reit im Winkl, West Germany and Klingenthal, East Germany. Bill Koch of the United States and Berit Aunli of Norway were the overall winners in the first season.
Competitors attempt to achieve the most points during the season. They compete in two disciplines: Distance and Sprint. Current Distance races are 15 km, 30 km, Skiathlon and 50 km for the men and 10 km, 15 km, Skiathlon and 30 km for ladies. The competitions are held with either individual start or mass start and either classic or free technique. In Sprint races, athletes are organised in heats based on their results in a prologue where the 30 fastest skiers qualify for the sprint's quarter-finals. The 12 best skiers in the quarter-finals advance to the semi-finals and the 6 best skiers in the semi-finals advance to the final. Sprint races are maximum 1.8 kilometres and are competed in either classic or free technique.
In ordinary World Cup races, 100 points are awarded to the winner, 80 for second place, 60 for third place, winding down to 1 point for 30th place. In Stage World Cup races; Tour de Ski, World Cup Final and mini-tours, 50 points are awarded to the winner, 46 for second place, 43 for third place, winding down to 1 point for 30th place. The overall winners of the Stage World Cup events are awarded 400 points for Tour de Ski victory and 200 points for a overall win in the World Cup Final or a mini-tour. The athlete with the most points at the end of the season in mid-March wins the Overall World Cup, with the trophy consisting of a 9 kilogram crystal globe. Sub-prizes are also awarded to the winners of the Sprint World Cup and the Distance World Cup, with a smaller 3.5 kg crystal globe.
The table below shows the three highest ranked skiers each year.
With 6 overall World Cup titles Bjørn Dæhlie is record-holder among both men and ladies.
a. 1 2 3 Arranged under the name of "Long Distance World Cup".
All results of female and male athletes of a nation are counted for the Nations Cup.
With 84 victories in World Cup and total 114 including Stage World Cup wins Marit Bjørgen is record-holder among both men and ladies.


text:
@implementation LoginViewController
@synthesize loginLabel;
@synthesize passwordLabel;
@synthesize createAccount;
@synthesize forgotPassword;
@synthesize loginTextField,passwordTextField,status,activityIndicator,connect,orSignInLabel;

- (LoginViewController *)init
{
    self = [super initWithNibName:@"LoginViewController" bundle:nil];
    if(self) {
        [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(userAndAlbumUpdate:) name:@"userAndAlbumUpdate"object:nil];
        self.title = NSLocalizedString(@"Title",@"Login view title");
    } else {
        Log(@"Cannot instantiate LoginViewController");
    }
    return self;
}

// target
- (IBAction)next:(id)sender
{
    [sender resignFirstResponder];
    [passwordTextField becomeFirstResponder];
}

- (Connect *)connect
{
    if(!connect)
    {
        connect = [[Connect alloc] init];
    }
    return connect;
}

- (IBAction)connect:(id)sender
{
    // Close keyboard
    [sender resignFirstResponder];
    status.hidden = YES;
    self.activityIndicator.hidden = NO;
    [self.activityIndicator startAnimating];

    loginTextField.enabled = NO;
    passwordTextField.enabled = NO;
    createAccount.enabled = NO;
    forgotPassword.enabled = NO;

    // Reset user defaults
    [Utils resetUserDefaults];

    AppDelegate *appDelegate = (AppDelegate *)[UIApplication sharedApplication].delegate;
    appDelegate.tabBarController.selectedViewController = appDelegate.itemsListViewController.navigationController;

    [self.connect connectWithLogin:loginTextField.text andPassword:passwordTextField.text];
}

// Merge original context and context from communication thread
- (void)userAndAlbumUpdate:(NSNotification *)notification
{
    [self updateStatus];
    if([Utils userId])
    {
        [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:NULL];
    } else {
        Log(@"Connection failed, stay on login view");
    }
}

- (void) updateStatus
{
    [self.activityIndicator stopAnimating];
    self.activityIndicator.hidden = YES;
    if([Utils userId])
    {
        status.text = @"";
    } else {
        status.text = [self.connect errorMessage];
        status.hidden = NO;
    }
    loginTextField.enabled = YES;
    passwordTextField.enabled = YES;
    createAccount.enabled = YES;
    forgotPassword.enabled = YES;
}

- (IBAction)askEmail:(id)sender
{
    AskEmailViewController *askEmail = [[AskEmailViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"AskEmailViewController" bundle:nil createAccount:(sender == createAccount)];
    [self.navigationController pushViewController:askEmail animated:YES];
}

- (void)cleanup
{
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    //passwordTextField.text = @"";
    [passwordTextField resignFirstResponder];
    //status.hidden = YES;
    activityIndicator.hidden = YES;
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#pragma mark - View lifecycle

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];

    if([Utils userId])
    {
        [self updateStatus];
    }
    self.navigationItem.backBarButtonItem = [Utils createBackButton];
     self.loginLabel.text = NSLocalizedString(@"Login", @"Login");
    self.passwordLabel.text = NSLocalizedString(@"Password", @"Password");
    [self.createAccount setTitle:NSLocalizedString(@"CreateAccount",@"CreateAccount") forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [self.forgotPassword setTitle:NSLocalizedString(@"ForgotPassword", @"ForgotPassword") forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    self.orSignInLabel.text = NSLocalizedString(@"OrSignIn", @"OrSignIn");
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Long® Fence has installed 8-ft. ornamental iron and chain link fence and gates at Turner Elementary School on Mississippi Ave. SE Washington DC.
Maryland's Eastern Shore has been the site of several Long® Fence jobs. We are installing ornamental aluminum fencing and acoustic panels in the Town of Easton. Ocean City Airport in Berlin, Maryland is receiving new perimeter chain link fencing and gates.


"I should be working". That's how it should start, he decides. It's his second time around, second time traveling that same stretch of subway line. "I like taking the subway," he'd once told E–; likes it because he can sit in a corner lazily seeing, focus thoughts on anything or nothing, be moved but not go anywhere . . . He can stare out the dirty scored windows at the passing light, light, then dark, dark, dark. Can let the rhythmic jostle of the cars strip away higher thought.
The six women have formed a section all their own in the middle of the car. One has her feet up, long black ruffled skirt down to her ankles. She picks at the strap of her blouse, takes a deep sniff. Three layers – who wears three layers on a muggy Saturday? The other five face away from her; they form a ragged square. All wear the same know-nothing, say-nothing expression. An "I'm alone on the subway, don't you dare talk to me " expression. He wonders if it was simply coincidence, them forming their little section that is – or if it were some unconscious desire for togetherness. The last one on has gaily colored sandals; its straps splash color – green, yellow, pink – on the grayness of the floor. Flaccid feet, but beautiful straps. Beautiful. He stands up to leave, a little early as usual. Looks at the woman looking at his camera looking at the door. Watches as she gives it the once-over: electrical tape on the front, no LCD to be seen, W-E-T . . . in dirty white on the lens. Her lips twitch into an almost smile. That smile – it's what you give when you've discovered some sad, useless little secret. And as he walks haltingly across the platform he wonders what this woman thinks she knows about this no-name gimp with a no-name camera held in one lazy hand.
The sky is the gray they'd paint a battleship with, and about as thick as it too. It deadens sound. There's none of that frenetic energy of the other downtown streets here. Cars move slower; people move slower; cyclists strain their way across the intersection. He's been sitting on the broken wooden edge of a planter legs sprawled all the way out. How long has it been? Uncertain, he frowns. Hasn't kept track of time, really – been letting the movement of the cars, people and streetcars ebb and flow all over him. Sneaky Dee's skull glows at him from across the streets, teeth set in a picket-fence grin. How long has he been sitting here again? Later, on the streetcar, watching through the window as the orange "BECK" on the taxi's roof yoyos back and forth, he wishes he could ride this line forever.


text:
const seleniumServer = require('selenium-server')
const phantomjs = require('phantomjs-prebuilt')
const chromedriver = require('chromedriver')

require('nightwatch-cucumber')({
  cucumberArgs: ['--require', 'features/step_definitions', '--format', 'json:reports/cucumber.json', 'features']
})

module.exports = {
  output_folder: 'reports',
  custom_assertions_path: '',
  page_objects_path: 'page_objects',
  live_output: false,
  disable_colors: false,
  selenium: {
    start_process: true,
    server_path: seleniumServer.path,
    log_path: '',
    host: '127.0.0.1',
    port: 4444
  },
  test_settings: {
    default: {
      launch_url: 'http://localhost:8087',
      selenium_port: 4444,
      selenium_host: '127.0.0.1',
      desiredCapabilities: {
        browserName: 'phantomjs',
        javascriptEnabled: true,
        acceptSslCerts: true,
        'phantomjs.binary.path': phantomjs.path
      }
    },
    chrome: {
      desiredCapabilities: {
        browserName: 'chrome',
        javascriptEnabled: true,
        acceptSslCerts: true
      },
      selenium: {
        cli_args: {
          'webdriver.chrome.driver': chromedriver.path
        }
      }
    },
    firefox: {
      desiredCapabilities: {
        browserName: 'firefox',
        javascriptEnabled: true,
        acceptSslCerts: true
      }
    }
  }
}


text:
Gallery Updates, XXX3
Toni Collette gets the character poster treatment for xXx3
It's been three months since we saw the first trailer for Paramount's highly-anticipated XXX: The Return of Xander Cage, which is set to hit theaters next January. Tomorrow we'll get to see the second full trailer, but until then, we have 12 new character posters to check out. These posters feature Vin Diesel's Xander Cage, Donnie Yen's Xiang, Rory McCann's Torch, Tony Jaa's Talon, Deepika Padukone's Serena, Kris Wu's Nicks, soccer star Neymar Jr., Nicky Jam as Lazarus, Toni Collette as Jane Marke, UFC star Michael Bisping as Hawk, Nina Dobrev as Becky and Ruby Rose as Adele.
This big screen adventure brings back Vin Diesel's iconic character Xander Cage to the big screen, 14 years after his first adventure. The original xXx fared well at the box office, taking in $142.1 million domestic and $277.4 million worldwide from a $70 million budget. Despite the initial movie's success, Vin Diesel did not return for the sequel, 2005's XXX: State of the Union, which starred Ice Cube as Augustus Gibbons' new recruit, Darius Stone. That sequel didn't fare quite as well at the box office, taking in just $26.8 million domestically and $71 million worldwide. Both Xander Cage and Augustus Gibbons are back with a slew of new cast members in XXX 3.
Entertainment Weekly: Charlie Kaufman previews his wild Netflix film I'm Thinking of Ending Things
"xXx: The Return of Xander Cage" promotional featurette and interview
"Wanderlust" episode 1 recap & screencaptures
Videos: Toni Collette's press junket for "Dream Horse" plus new film clips
TV Alert: "Blue Murder: Killer Cop" premieres August 6-7


Your search for Airy 3.2.175 Activation Code Mac found zero results, you might want to look at the search tips below for better results.
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text:
Birth Name:Jeffrey Lynn Goldblum
Birth Place:Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
Profession Actor, producer, director, musician
Glee - Season 3 - "Heart" - Guest stars Jeff Goldblum as Hiram and Brian Stokes Mitchell as Leroy
The League - Season 3 - "Thanksgiving" - Nick Kroll and Jeff Goldblum
Law & Order: Criminal Intent - Season 8 - "Rock Star" - Jeff Goldblum as Det. Zack Nichols
Raines - "Inner Child" - Madeleine Stowe as Dr. Kohl, Jeff Goldblum as Raines
Glee - Season 3 - "Heart" - Lea Michele as Rachel and guest star Jeff Goldblum as Hiram
Calista Flockhart and Jeff Goldblum - The 60th Annual Golden Globe Awards, January 19, 2003
Glee - Season 3 - "Heart" - Guest stars Jeff Goldblum as Hiram and Brian Stokes Mitchell as Leroy with Lea Michele as Rachel
Julia Louis-Dreyfus, Wendie Malick and Jeff Goldblum - The 11th Annual Environmental Media Awards, November 7, 2001
Law & Order: Criminal Intent - Season 8 - "Salome in Manhattan" - Jeff Goldblum as Det. Zack Nichols
Law & Order: Criminal Intent - Season 8, "The Glory That Was" - Jeff Goldblum as Detective Zach Nichols
Jeff Goldblum - The 2006 Los Angeles Film Festival "The Devil Wears Prada" premiere, June 22, 2006
Portlandia - Season 2 - "One Moore Episode" - Fred Armisen, Carrie Brownstein and Jeff Goldblum
Raines - "Closure" - Jeff Goldblum as Michael Raines, Chris Diamantopoulos as Andrew Carver
Jimmy Kimmel Live - Jeff Goldblum, Jimmy Kimmel
Law & Order: Criminal Intent - Season 8, "The Glory That Was" - Jeff Goldblum as Detective Zach Nichols, Ritchie Coster as Jack Tyler
Jeff Goldblum - The 5th Annual Tribeca Film Festival "Pittsburgh" premiere, April 30, 2006
Law & Order: Criminal Intent - Season 8 - "Major Case" - Jeff Goldblum, Julianne Nicholson
Raines - Jeff Goldblum and Alexa Davalos
Owen Wilson, Jeff Goldblum and Luke Wilson - "The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou" premiere after party, December 9, 2004
Raines - Jeff Goldblum
Jeff Goldblum and Laura Dern - "Children at Play" LA Battered Women's Shelters, November 17, 1996
Law & Order: Criminal Intent - Season 8 - "Major Case" - Jeff Goldblum as Det. Zack Nichols
Raines - "Inner Child" - Jeff Goldblum
Robin Williams and Jeff Goldblum - "Man of the Year" premiere, October 4, 2006
Parker Posey and Jeff Goldblum - The 31st Annual Toronto International Film Festival "Fay Grim" Portraits, September 12, 2006


text:
The Wallflower Wager has a cover! And three books are now available in audio for the first time
The Wallflower Wager (Book 3 in the Girl Meets Duke series) comes out August 13, 2019 – and it's available for preorder pretty much everywhere!
Behold, the cover. Aren't Gabe and Penny lovely? I adore his slight, wicked smile.
In other news, thanks to Tantor Media, three of my books are now available in audio for the first time: Surrender of a Siren, A Lady of Persuasion (releases April 19), and "His Bride for the Taking" in my duet with Christi Caldwell, Rogues Rush In. Hurrah!
Heat up the holidays with free reads and more…
A holiday gift to readers
Once Upon a Winter's Eve, a Spindle Cove novella, is free in ebook for a limited time. If you've never read the Spindle Cove series, consider this your invitation to give it a try! Or if you have romance-reading friends, pass along the link and share the Regency love. Get it for Kindle, Nook, Kobo, Apple iBooks, and more.
Dukes in Audiobook
By reader demand, How the Dukes Stole Christmas is now available as an audiobook, narrated by the wonderful Justine Eyre. The perfect listen while you wrap gifts or bake cookies. Find it on Audible, Apple iTunes, or wherever you listen to audiobooks.
The Wallflower Wager is up for preorder
Book three in the Girl Meets Duke series is already available for preorder on Kindle, Nook, Kobo, and more. And the book description has been revealed:
They call him the Duke of Ruin.
To her, he's just the beast next door.
Wealthy and ruthless, Gabriel Duke clawed his way from the lowliest slums to the pinnacle of high society—and now he wants to get even.
Loyal and passionate, Lady Penelope Campion never met a lost or wounded creature she wouldn't take into her home and her heart.
When her imposing—and attractive—new neighbor demands she clear out the rescued animals, Penny sets him a challenge. She will part with her precious charges, if he can find them loving homes.
Done, Gabriel says. How
Merry Dukemas! This book is stealing hearts…
The duke's heart grew four sizes that day…
HOW THE DUKES STOLE CHRISTMAS
A holiday anthology featuring all-new linked novellas by yours truly, Sarah MacLean, Sophie Jordan and Joanna Shupe, available now!
Christmas magic is in the air… From the ballrooms of London, to abandoned Scottish castles, to the snowy streets of Gilded Age New York, four bestselling authors whip up some unforgettable romance…with a little help from some enchanted shortbread.
Amazon: https://amzn.to/2wZjg7w
iBooks: http://bit.ly/dukesstole_ibooks
Kobo: http://bit.ly/dukesstole_kobo
Barnes & Noble: http://bit.ly/dukesstole_nook
Is it available in print?
Yes! We've put together a special hardcover edition.
You can even order a copy with a bookplate signed by all four authors—which I daresay could make an excellent holiday gift.
Signed hardbacks are exclusively available to order from these bookstores:
The Ripped Bodice (Los Angeles, CA)
Katy Budget Books (Houston, TX)
WORD (New York, NY)
Unsigned print copies are also available from Amazon and other online retailers.
The Novellas
"Meet Me in Mayfair" by Tessa Dare
Louisa Ward needs a Christmas miracle. Unless she catches a wealthy husband at the ball tonight, the horrid, heartless Duke of Thorndale will evict her family from their beloved Mayfair home. But when her friend begs to switch dance cards, Louisa finds herself waltzing with the enemy: the horrid, heartless–and unexpectedly handsome–Thorndale himself. Now the duke's holding her future in his hands…and he's not letting go.
"The Duke of Christmas Present" by Sarah MacLean
Rich and ruthless, Eben, Duke of Allryd, … Read More »
Unwrap a Duke (or four) this Christmas!
Coming October 15th!
Announcing HOW THE DUKES STOLE CHRISTMAS, a holiday anthology featuring all-new linked novellas by yours truly, Sarah MacLean, Sophie Jordan and Joanna Shupe!
Sarah, Sophie, Joanna and I had So. Much. Fun. putting this anthology together! Amazon has named it one of October's top romances, and we can't wait for you to read it. Read more about the stories and an excerpt from my own contribution, "Meet Me in Mayfair," here
The e-book is available to pre-order:
Kindle * Kobo * iBooks * Nook * More
Click to enter a special giveaway:
What about print copies, you ask? We've put together a special hardcover edition! You can even order a copy with a bookplate signed by all four authors—which I daresay could make an excellent holiday gift.
Signed copies are exclusively available to order from these three bookstores:
Unsigned print copies are also available from Amazon and other online retailers.… Read More »
Release Day!
The Governess Game is out and available now!
Library Journal called Alexandra and Chase's story "Pure reading joy." My book-birthday wish is that it brings you joy, too.
Links: Kindle | iBooks | Nook | Kobo | Audible | Amazon UK | More retailers
Also exciting: Target stores are carrying a special print edition with an exclusive bonus scene! It's Chase and Alex's first meeting in the bookshop, told from his point-of-view. How cool is that? (If you're an ebook reader or happen to pick up the book somewhere else, don't worry—the bonus scene will be available on my website at a later date.)
The Secret Society of Damsels Who Dare is always accepting new members on Facebook! Come join us for special giveaways and sneak peeks and such.
Oh, and for those of you who like to plan ahead, Book 3 in the Girl Meets Duke series now has a title and publication date… 😉… Read More »
A Secret Society and an all-new excerpt!
I have always wanted to belong to a secret society. Since no one has ever asked me to join one, I created my own! (Obviously, I am not very good at keeping secrets.)
The Secret Society of Damsels Who Dare is my new Facebook group. All my readers are welcome to join this group, where daring is the default, and "damsel" is a gender-neutral term. 😉 There will be news and discussion and giveaways and … other special things I am still plotting, with the help of the group's cunning mastermind—my assistant, Kelly.
Can you believe The Governess Game hits shelves less than two months from now? I've updated the book page with all sorts of new information: an excerpt, advance reviews, the utterly gorgeous stepback, and the beautiful cover for the UK edition. Alex and Chase are coming your way on August 28th!… Read More »
Rogues Rush In!
ROGUES RUSH IN, a Regency romance duet featuring me and the wonderful Christi Caldwell! If you've never read Christi, you are in for such a treat. Her books are heartfelt and oh-so-romantic.
This duet features two all-new novellas, and it's available now! (Links: Kindle, Nook, iBooks, Kobo) A print edition is also available to order here.
RUSH to read it! (Sorry. I couldn't help myself. 😂)
Two scandalous brides…
Two rogues who won't be denied…
His Bride for the Taking by Tessa Dare
It's the first rule of friendship among gentlemen: Don't even think about touching your best friend's sister. But Sebastian, Lord Byrne, has never been one for rules. He's thought about touching Mary Clayton—a lot—and struggled to resist temptation. But when Mary's bridegroom leaves her waiting the altar, only Sebastian can save her from ruin. By marrying her himself.
In eleven years, he's never laid a finger on his best friend's sister. Now he's going to take her with both hands. To have, to hold…and to love.
His Duchess for a Day by Christi Caldwell
It was never meant to be…
That's what Elizabeth Terry has told herself while trying to forget the man she married–her once best friend. Passing herself off as a widow, Elizabeth has since built a life for herself as an instructor at a finishing school, far away from that greatest of mistakes. But the past has a way of finding you, and now that … Read More »
The Governess Game, book two in the "Girl Meets Duke" series, now has a book description and a release date! (August 28, 2018) The cover will be coming soon. It's gorgeous, and I can't wait to share it!
I know, August is far away. I wish I wrote faster, I really do. But the book is available for preorder on Amazon, and probably will be on other retailers soon, so if you preorder it now, you won't have to remember in August. 😉 Or sign up for my newsletter, and you'll always get an email when I have a new book out—along with announcements of any special contests or sale prices.
I want to thank all my readers for the amazing love you gave The Duchess Deal. I'm proud to share that the book was honored on several "Best of 2017" lists, including Amazon, Entertainment Weekly, Library Journal, and Vulture. It was also a New York Times and USA Today bestseller. I'm so grateful for all the lovely support for Emma and Ash's story. Whether you bought it, borrowed it from a library, listened to it, recommended it to a friend, or reviewed it on your favorite site…thank you from the bottom of my heart.
Wishing you a New Year filled with peace, joy, and romantic reads.
~Tessa… Read More »
Book Birthday!
Hurrah! Today is the day I get to send Ash and Emma's story out into the hands of readers.
Readers, they're yours. Take good care of these two, if you will. I've grown quite fond of them. ❤
If you are in the UK, Australia, or New Zealand and are having trouble finding or ordering the book, I apologize — please read my notes here.… Read More »
Counting the Days, Hours, Minutes & Seconds…


text:
2019 Canadian International AutoShow Is Packed With Special Features
Event Coverage PAS Staff
Besides featuring the new cars, trucks, utility vehicles and concepts from every automotive manufacturer that sells cars in Canada, the 2019 Canadian International AutoShow is packed with special features.
Included in this year's program are:
Performance Auto & Sound Magazine (PASMAG) will be celebrating custom creations at the Canadian International AutoShow with Custom Car Battlegrounds: AutoShow Edition, a competition for modern muscle car, hot rod and lowrider enthusiasts. Website visitors played a key role in determining the eight vehicles being showcased at the AutoShow. Get more details on the contest here.
The Racing Point F1 Team will conduct the first ever Formula One team launch in Canada on the morning of February 13th. The launch event will feature both drivers — Canadian Lance Stroll and Sergio Perez — the technical director, team principal and team owner along with the unveiling of the team name and livery. The team is owned by a consortium of investors that includes Canadian clothing magnate Lawrence Stroll. More information is available here.
Media Day at the Canadian International AutoShow will kick off with the awarding of the Automotive Journalists Association of Canada Car of the Year and Utility Vehicle of the Year Awards. In the running for Car of the Year is the Kia Forte, Kia Stinger and Volvo V-90 R Design. The Mazda CX-5, Hyundai Kona and Jaguar I-Pace are up for Utility Vehicle of the Year.
Also on February 13th, the AutoShow will host a Luxury & Supercar Forum, moderated by professional racer and NBC racing analyst Townsend Bell with commentary and insight from Mark Roberts, head of design with McLaren Automotive, Alex Innes, designer at Rolls Royce, and Majid Al Attar, designer of the hypercar Devel Sixteen, the first car built in Dubai. Read more here.
The North American debut of the full-sized and operational LEGO® TECHNIC Bugatti Chiron will happen in Castrol Alley on the 700 level of the South Building in the Metro Toronto Convention Centre on February 13th. The groundbreaking model is the centerpiece of a celebration of the imagination in the LEGO® Discovery Zone, which will include a LEGO® play area for children and retail space where LEGO® products can be purchased. Click here for more information.
Racing legend Mario Andretti will be in attendance for a special event in the Art & the Automobile ICONS exhibit held on February 13th to announce a new Media Category in the Canadian Motorsport Hall of Fame and honour the first 10 journalists being inducted in the category. One of Mario's Indy Cars will be on display in Auto Exotica for the duration of the AutoShow. More information is available by clicking here.
Media Day will be opened with an address by Craig Jackson, CEO of Barrett-Jackson. Barrett-Jackson, the world-renowned auction house for collector cars, will have a special 10-car display that will feature six muscle cars from Canadian collectors that were bought or sold through Barrett-Jackson and four from Craig Jackson's personal collection. More here.
The famous Petersen Automotive Museum will be showcasing six unique cars from their collection in the L.A. Car Culture exhibit, the highlight of which will be three California-style low-riders. More background available here.
There will be an estimated $60 million worth of cars in ICONS, this year's Art & the Automobile installation, presented by Cobble Beach Concours d'Elegance and supported by Hagerty Classic Car Insurance.. The headliner is a massive 1937 special-bodied Cadillac that is also featured in a special commemorative poster in a classic Toronto setting. See more here.
Are you the fastest driver? Find out in the WorldGaming Network Pfaff Forza 7 Canadian Challenge, driven by Castrol. This major esports activation program challenges AutoShow patrons to qualify for a chance to win from a pool of $20,000 in cash and prizes. More details available by clicking here.
Always a popular feature, Auto Exotica, presented by Castrol and the National Post, will feature 30 luxury and supercars, including the Dubai-built Devel Sixteen, and the Canadian debut of the new McLaren Senna. Read more about Auto Exotica here, and the Devel Sixteen here.
The Ontario Regiment RCAC Museum and 32 Canadian Brigade Group will host a seven-vehicle display promoting modern and historic military machinery on what is the 75th anniversary year of the D-Day landings. Among the vehicles will be a modern armoured personnel carrier and an iconic 1944-era Sherman tank. More details available at this link.
Check out Auto Exotica every night between 6 p.m. And 10 p.m. for Light Up the Night, presented by SiriusXM. It will feature live engine fire ups, musical entertainment and prizes to be won from LEGO®, xBox One, Barrett-Jackson, the Ontario Regiment Museum, the Canadian Grand Prix and the AutoShow. Plus, tickets are $6 off after 6 p.m.
Take a spin in an electric vehicle. EV Test Drive with Plug'n Drive, presented by Natural Resources Canada and supported by Flo, Toronto Hydro and The Globe and Mail, will take place off the main lobby on the 200 level of the North Building and near the loading docks at the back of the main showroom on the 800 level. Learn more, or sign up for a test drive, here.
Visit CAA's booth on the 300 level of the North Building for a chance to win a grand prize of free gas for a year. Secondary prizes include 2019 Honda Indy Toronto tickets or Mirvish theatre tickets.
Make the car-buying decision easier with $50,000 towards the purchase with the TADA $50K Giveaway. The money can be applied towards the purchase of any new vehicle at any dealer-ember of the Trillium Automobile Dealers Association.
The most valuable car ever to be offered in Prostate Cancer Canada's annual Rock the Road Raffle will be given away at the AutoShow. Generously donated by TADA, one lucky person will be taking home a flashy red 2018 Acura NSX, valued at $235,000. Since 2013, the six previous Rock the Road Raffles have raised $1.8 million for research and support services funded by Prostate Cancer Canada. More details are available by clicking here.
The Volkswagen Children's Playcare Centre offers free professional daycare service filled with exciting activities for the kids – courtesy of your local Volkswagen dealer. There will be arts and crafts, interactive activities and more!
Media interested in attending the pre-Media Day events on February 13th or Media Day on February 14th are invited to apply for accreditation at autoshow.ca/media-registration.
The 2019 Canadian International AutoShow, presented by The Toronto Star and wheels.ca, takes place February 15th to 24th at the Metro Toronto Convention Centre. For tickets and show information, please visit autoshow.ca.
Stay connected with the Canadian International AutoShow on Instagram @cdnintlautoshow, Twitter @autoshowcanada and Facebook /autoshowcanada.
Stay The Course: Dustin Urdaneta's 1993 Honda Del Sol Si
Photography by AJM Studios Dustin Urdaneta purchased the 1993 Honda Del Sol Si as his first car in 2002, "I was just 16 years old," Urdaneta...
Like Father, Like Son: Frank and Nick Vitulli's 1989 Honda Civic Si
Story by Geet Madan (@geetsgarage) | Photography by Adam Gordon (@gordon.leadfoot) Building your first car is a journey that you'll always remember...
Trick of the Trade: Mariano Bucaoto's 2001 Lexus IS300
Photography by Martin Kruk (@framelous) Since he was a little kid Mariano Bucaoto has been a fan of nice cars, more specifically he was a huge...
Boost For Boobies: David Castanon's 1994 Acura Integra GSR
Photography by Hector Quinones (@_hqphotography_) This is one of those situations where a picture does say a thousand words, but it still isn't...
Starry Night Speed3: Amanda Kennedy's 2007 Mazdaspeed 3
Photography by Donnie Rochin (@r0cean11) Amanda Kennedy's initial taste for cars came when she started to attend street and drag strip races in...
Driven Show 2019: Calgary
Photography by Spöke (@spokephotos) Driven Show returned to Calgary, Alberta at the majestic Olympic Oval for a 2-day event! On Friday, May 3rd,...
Kyle Scaife Voted Champion of the 2nd Annual Custom Car Battlegrounds: AutoShow Edition
T-Minus One Week Until Panda Junction: Myrtle Beach 2019!


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text:
Your Next Handbag
« Are America's 4 Most Popular Handbag Brands Ethical?
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How Brighton Collectibles Belts, Handbags and Jewelry Gained Popularity
October 25, 2022 • by Eryzle
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American accessories manufacturer and retailer Brighton Collectibles has been a staple in the fashion business since its inception in 1969.
Although it doesn't have the same mass commercial appeal it once did, Brighton is still popular across the world, and its quality certainly hasn't waned.
Known for jewelry and leather goods, Brighton has a storied past with a dedication to style and excellence, allowing it to have maintained relevance for decades. Here's everything you need to know about this brand:
Brighton's Origins
Brighton began when Terri Kohl, née Kravitz, and her husband Jerry Kohl opened a store in 1969 in Alhambra, California.
The two, who fell in love in high school, hadn't yet graduated when they first opened their store, but once they earned their diplomas, they began working in it full-time, with their main products being T-shirts and assorted leather goods.
Terri and Jerry Kohl founded Brighton Collectibles in 1991 (Credit: PRNewswire)
The Kohls wanted to improve their operation and mitigate issues within their business. Although they had the ideas, they lacked the resources until a nearby couple selling similar products decided to sell their business and move to New Zealand.
The new business venture for the Kohls was Leegin, helmed by Jerry. Their company manufactured and sold luxury leather goods.
Jerry and Terri punctuated their business with quality customer service and hard work, and as the business expanded, so did their product line. In 1991, the Kohls started selling belts under Brighton Collectibles, and from there, it expanded into the brand it's known as today.
Paying homage to its country of inspiration, Brighton was named after the English city of the same name (Credit: Ken Wolter / Shutterstock)
The name Brighton has a special meaning, too. Aiming for ultimate style and luxury, the Kohls modeled their belts after English belts, as they were known for their quality.
To pay homage to the country of inspiration, the Kohls chose the name Brighton after the English city of the same name.
Its Rise in Popularity
Although Brighton started with just belts, it soon began selling handbags, perfume, jewelry, and other luxury goods.
Designed and manufactured in the United States, Brighton appealed to Americans because it was local – all of its products were first made in Los Angeles, California – and it appealed to international customers because of its quality and style.
Brighton Collectibles started with just belts before it began selling bags, perfumes, jewelry, and other accessories (Credit: Helen89 / Shutterstock)
Brighton items started for men, but soon they were being worn by women, too. Within just a few short years, people across America, Italy, Taiwan, France, China, Korea, and Japan were spotted with the brand's items.
Brighton Items and Materials
Brighton has long been known for its belts and handbags, but it's also known for its shoes, jewelry, and other accessories, like coin purses and eyewear.
Brighton Collectibles is an American brand famous for belts and bags
Some of its more unique items include keyfobs and earring boxes, and amid the COVID-19 pandemic, Brighton began producing and selling face masks as well.
This wide variety of merchandise gives Brighton a leg up on its competitors with more limited product lines.
Brighton also offers footwear, coin purses, cosmetic cases, jewelry, face masks, and unique items like earring boxes and keyfobs
Brighton hand designs and handcrafts each of its items, and it uses only the finest materials. If you're carrying a Brighton handbag, using a Brighton belt, or wearing Brighton footwear, you're in fine leather.
If you're wearing Brighton jewelry, you're in quality metal like silver and gold. Keep in mind, however, that Brighton jewelry is not fine – it's mostly silver- and gold-plated.
Comparable Brands
Brighton is sold at Zappos and in stores, mostly independent boutiques, across the United States, but it is not sold in many major retailers, giving it a unique set of competitors. You can also find discounted Brighton jewelry and bags on Amazon.
Brighton is comparable in price and quality to designer brands such as Tory Burch, Coach, Ted Baker, and Michael Kors.
However, because these brands are sold at stores like Nordstrom, Saks Fifth Avenue, and Neiman Marcus, and the only major retailer that carries Brighton is Von Maur, most would consider Brighton a luxury brand, but not necessarily a designer brand.
Brighton Today
What was once a trendy brand has now transitioned into an established brand known for its enduring quality rather than commercial appeal among young crowds.
Brighton still manufactures fine leather goods and jewelry, but it's not a leader in the trend space like some of its competitors. Rather, Brighton is associated with sophistication and refinement over trend and pomp.
Brighton is known for its quality designs, associated with sophistication and refinement (Credit: Brighton)
Brighton began selling its merchandise online in 2011. While many brands choose to heavily market their online store, Brighton launched theirs quietly.
This didn't matter, though – the website still received thousands of orders that weekend, speaking to the power of the Brighton brand. Its customer base is loyal thanks to its enduring quality.
Although Brighton is still headquartered there, its products are no longer exclusively manufactured in the United States. The company now outsources much of its manufacturing, particularly its footwear and handbags, to Brazil, India, Italy, China, and Spain.
Brighton outsources its manufacturing to Brazil, India, Italy, China, and Spain (Credit: Brighton)
Brighton maintains a heavy focus on its coordination efforts. The brand wants to help men and women create a cohesive look with their accessories, so it manufactures products that match, allowing wearers to serve a complete look.
It also designs products within collections that can coordinate with other collections, allowing customers to select items from any collection and still wear head-to-toe Brighton.
Brighton manufactures products that match, allowing wearers to serve a complete look (Credit: Brighton)
The brand is also focused on its charity efforts. Since 2003, Brighton has raised money for breast cancer research, treatment, and education through its Power of Pink initiative. Every October, some of Brighton's proceeds go toward the brand's goal to erase the disease.
Brighton uses its brand power to help other causes, too. Some of its other projects include collecting and distributing shoes and handbags to people in need across the globe, providing children with music education, providing homeless animals with shelter and food, and helping teachers pay for school supplies.
In 2021, Brighton Collectibles founders Terri and Jerry Kohl made an immediate $5 million gift and pledged a challenge grant in support of the LA Opera Orchestra and the company's post-COVID recovery.
Brighton continues to lead the industry in creativity, style, value, and design, and its dedication to serving its community (Credit: Brighton)
Brighton has always been a champion of quality products and customer service. It continues to lead the industry in creativity, style, value, and design, and its dedication to serving its community makes the brand more appealing.
Brighton remains under the same leadership today as it has since its beginning, further proving its commitment to its core values. Few brands have managed to stand the test of time, but with excellence at its center, Brighton continues to thrive.
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The contracts that France signed with Saudi Arabia and the UAE usually include commitments on the part of France to keep the supplied weapon systems operational, Rivolsi explained. That means that, after the weapons sales, France continues to provide maintenance for arms systems used in Yemen, he told RT.
Paris says that all the assistance it renders to Riyadh is aimed solely at boosting Saudi Arabia's defensive capabilities and helping it to fight extremists. "However, nowadays, French weapons are used in Yemen not against Al Qaeda but against the Yemenis in the areas controlled by the Houthis," the Disclose co-founder said.
That clearly goes beyond the issue of countering terrorism.
The UN earlier blamed both the Saudis and the Houthis for the human suffering in Yemen, particularly saying that some of the Saudi-led coalition's airstrikes there might amount to war crimes. "Taking into account its role in assisting the coalition in the field of arms supplies, France might emerge as an accomplice in these war crimes," the investigative journalist warned, adding, however, that there has been "no direct evidence" of civilians being killed with French weapons and bombs.
It is definitely linked to the economic interests, to these contracts that bring incredible profits to France.
However, it cannot simply continue like this, Rivolsi believes. France has some international obligations it has to fulfill. "It must take responsibility and … conduct an investigation into the use of its weapons in Yemen," he said, adding that French MPs are likely to demand a special parliamentary commission be created to look into the matter.


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13. 10. 2018 17:27 6 (21 - Kristensson Tom / Appelskog Henrik): I think I have some gearbox issue. I think I lost some gear, we will work on it in the service.
13. 10. 2018 16:01 5 (21 - Kristensson Tom / Appelskog Henrik): I really enjoy, I don´t push. It´s amazing.
13. 10. 2018 15:22 4 (21 - Kristensson Tom / Appelskog Henrik): Everything was okay, the road was more rough than I expected.
13. 10. 2018 11:36 3 (21 - Kristensson Tom / Appelskog Henrik): We have a lot of fun, working on 100%. It´s so fast, so perfect, a brilliant rally. Everything is still working.
13. 10. 2018 10:15 2 (21 - Kristensson Tom / Appelskog Henrik): I push really nice, it´s fast.
13. 10. 2018 09:46 1 (21 - Kristensson Tom / Appelskog Henrik): I have issues with my driving style, we need better time. I think we can improve.


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text:
News Directory World News Headlines
Sangam literature
The Sangam literature, sometimes referred to as the Caṅkam literature (Tamil: சங்க இலக்கியம், caṅka ilakkiyam) connotes the ancient Tamil literature and is the earliest known literature of South India. The Tamil tradition and legends link it to three literary gatherings around Madurai (Pandyan capital): the first over 4,440 years, the second over 3,700 years, and the third over 1,850 years before the start of the common era.[1][2] Scholars consider this Tamil tradition-based chronology as ahistorical and mythical. Some of these scholars suggest the historical Sangam literature era spanned from c. 300-BCE to 300-CE,[1] while others variously place this early classical Tamil literature period a bit later and more narrowly but all before 300 CE.[3][4][5] According to Kamil Zvelebil – a Tamil literature and history scholar, the most acceptable range for the Sangam literature is 100 BCE to 250 CE, based on the linguistic, prosodic and quasi-historic allusions within the texts and the colophons.[6][note 1]
The Sangam literature had fallen into oblivion for much of the 2nd millennium of the common era, but were preserved by and rediscovered in the monasteries of Hinduism, particularly those related to Shaivism near Kumbhakonam, by the colonial era scholars in late 19th-century.[12][13] The rediscovered Sangam classical collection is largely a bardic corpus. It comprises an Urtext of oldest surviving Tamil grammar (Tolkappiyam), the Ettuttokai anthology (the "Eight Collections"), the Pattuppattu anthology (the "Ten Songs").[6] The Tamil literature that followed the Sangam period – i.e. after c. 250 CE but before c. 600 CE – is generally called the "post-Sangam" literature.[4]
This collection contains 2381 poems in Tamil composed by 473 poets, some 102 anonymous.[6][14] Of these, 16 poets account for about 50% of the known Sangam literature,[6] with Kapilar – the most prolific poet – alone contributing just little less than 10% of the entire corpus.[15] These poems vary between 3 and 782 lines long.[13] The bardic poetry of the Sangam era is largely about love (akam) and war (puram), with the exception of the shorter poems such as in paripaatal which is more religious and praise Vishnu, Shiva, Durga and Murugan.[1][16][17]
On their significance, Zvelebil quotes A. K. Ramanujan, "In their antiquity and in their contemporaneity, there is not much else in any Indian literature equal to these quiet and dramatic Tamil poems. In their values and stances, they represent a mature classical poetry: passion is balanced by courtesy, transparency by ironies and nuances of design, impersonality by vivid detail, austerity of line by richness of implication. These poems are not just the earliest evidence of the Tamil genius. The Tamils, in all their 2,000 years of literary effort, wrote nothing better."[18]
Sangam literally means "gathering, meeting, fraternity, academy". According to David Shulman – a scholar of Tamil language and literature, the Tamil tradition believes that the Sangam literature arose in distant antiquity over three periods, each stretching over many millennia.[19] The first has roots in the Hindu deity Shiva, his son Murugan, Kubera as well as 545 sages including the famed Rigvedic poet Agastya. The first academy, states the legend, extended over 4 millennia and was located far to the south of modern city of Madurai, a location later "swallowed up by the sea", states Shulman.[19][20] The second academy, also chaired by a very long-lived Agastya, was near the eastern seaside Kapāṭapuram and lasted three millennia. This was swallowed by floods. From the second Sangam, states the legend, the Akattiyam and the Tolkāppiyam survived and guided the third Sangam scholars.[19][20]
A prose commentary by Nakkiranar – likely about the 8th-century CE – describes this legend.[21] The earliest known mention of the Sangam legend, however, appears in Tirupputtur Tantakam by Appar in about the 7th-century CE, while an extended version appears in the 12th-century Tiruvilaiyatal puranam by Perumparrap Nampi.[2] The legend states that the third Sangam of 449 poet scholars worked over 1,850 years in northern Madurai (Pandyan kingdom). He lists six anthologies of Tamil poems (later a part of Ettuttokai):[21]
These claims of the Sangams and the description of sunken land masses Kumari Kandam have been dismissed as frivolous by historiographers. Noted historians like Kamil Zvelebil have stressed that the use of 'Sangam literature' to describe this corpus of literature is a misnomer and Classical literature should be used instead.[22][full citation needed] According to Shulman, "there is not the slightest shred of evidence that any such [Sangam] literary academies ever existed", though there are many Pandya inscriptions that mention an academy of scholars. Of particular note, states Shulman, is the 10th-century Sinnamanur inscription that mentions a Pandyan king who sponsored the "translation of the Mahabharata into Tamil" and established a "Madhurapuri (Madurai) Sangam".[23][note 2]
According to Zvelebil, within the myth there is a kernel of reality, and all literary evidence leads one to conclude that "such an academy did exist in Madurai (Maturai) at the beginning of the Christian era". The homogeneity of the prosody, language and themes in these poems confirms that the Sangam literature was a community effort, a "group poetry".[25][note 3] The Sangam literature is also referred sometimes with terms such as caṅka ilakkiyam or "Sangam age poetry".[2]
The Sangam literature was composed by 473 poets, some 102 anonymous.[6] According to Nilakanta Sastri, the poets came from diverse backgrounds: some were from a royal family, some merchants, some Brahmins, some farmers.[27] At least 27 of the poets were women. These poets emerged, states Nilakanta Sastri, in a milieu where the Tamil (Dravidian) society had already interacted and inseparably amalgamated with north Indians (Indo-Aryan) and both sides had shared mythology, values and literary conventions.[27]
The available literature from this period was categorised and compiled in the 10th century into two categories based roughly on chronology. The categories are the patiṉeṇmēlkaṇakku ("the eighteen greater text series") comprising Ettuthogai (or Ettuttokai, "Eight Anthologies") and the Pattuppāṭṭu ("Ten Idylls"). According to Takanobu Takahashi, this compilation is as follows:[13]
Sangam literature is broadly classified into akam (அகம், inner), and puram (புறம், outer).[28] The akam poetry is about emotions and feelings in the context of romantic love, sexual union and eroticism. The puram poetry is about exploits and heroic deeds in the context of war and public life.[25][28] Approximately three-fourths of the Sangam poetry is akam themed, and about one fourth is puram.[29]
Sangam literature, both akam and puram, can be subclassified into seven minor genre called tiṇai (திணை). This minor genre is based on the location or landscape in which the poetry is set.[29] These are: kuṟiñci (குறிஞ்சி), mountainous regions; mullai (முல்லை), pastoral forests; marutam (மருதம்), riverine agricultural land; neytal (நெய்தல்) coastal regions; pālai (பாலை) arid.[29][30] In addition to the landscape based tiṇais, for akam poetry, ain-tinai (well matched, mutual love), kaikkilai (ill matched, one sided), and perunthinai (unsuited, big genre) categories are used.[29] The Ainkurunuru – 500 short poems anthology – is an example of mutual love poetry.[15]
Similar tiṇais pertain to puram poems as well, categories are sometimes based on activity: vetchi (cattle raid), vanchi (invasion, preparation for war), kanchi (tragedy), ulinai (siege), tumpai (battle), vakai (victory), paataan (elegy and praise), karanthai , and pothuviyal.[29] The akam poetry uses metaphors and imagery to set the mood, never uses names of person or places, often leaves the context as well that the community will fill in and understand given their oral tradition. The puram poetry is more direct, uses names and places, states Takanobu Takahashi.[31]
The early Sangam poetry diligently follows two meters, while the later Sangam poetry is a bit more diverse.[32][33] The two meters found in the early poetry are akaval and vanci.[34] The fundamental metrical unit in these is the acai (metreme[35]), itself of two types – ner and nirai. The ner is the stressed/long syllable in European prosody tradition, while the nirai is the unstressed/short syllable combination (pyrrhic (dibrach) and iambic) metrical feet, with similar equivalents in the Sanskrit prosody tradition.[34] The acai in the Sangam poems are combined to form a cir (foot), while the cir are connected to form a talai, while the line is referred to as the ati.[36] The sutras of the Tolkappiyam – particularly after sutra 315 – state the prosody rules, enumerating the 34 component parts of ancient Tamil poetry.[36]
The prosody of an example early Sangam poem is illustrated by Kuruntokai:[37]
ciruvel laravi navvarik kurulai
kana yanai yananki yaan
kilaiyan mulaiva leyirrai
valaiyutaik kaiyalem mananki yolc
– Kuruntokai 119, Author: Catti Nataanr
The prosodic pattern in this poem follows the 4-4-3-4 feet per line, according to akaval, also called aciriyam, Sangam meter rule:[37]
= – / = – / – = / = –
– – / – – / = – / – –
= – / = – / = –
= = / – = / = – / – –
Note: "=" is a ner, while "–" is a nirai in Tamil terminology.
little-white-snake of lovely-striped young-body
jungle elephant troubling like
the young-girl sprouts-brightness toothed-female
bangle(s) possessing hand(s)-female"
– Translator: Kamil Zvelebil
As a little white snake
with lovely stripes on its young body
troubles the jungle elephant
this slip of a girl
her teeth like sprouts of new rice
her wrists stacked with bangles
troubles me.
– Creative translator: A.K. Ramanujan (1967)
This metrical pattern, states Zvelebil, gives the Sangam poetry a "wonderful conciseness, terseness, pithiness", then an inner tension that is resolved at the end of the stanza.[38] The metrical patterns within the akaval meter in early Sangam poetry has minor variations.[39] The later Sangam era poems follow the same general meter rules, but sometimes feature 5 lines (4-4-4-3-4).[40][35][41] The later Sangam age texts employ other meters as well, such as the Kali meter in Kalittokai and the mixed Paripatal meter in Paripatal.[42]
The works of Sangam literature were lost and forgotten for most of the 2nd millennium. They were rediscovered by colonial-era scholars such as Arumuka Navalar (1822-1879), C. W. Thamotharampillai (1832-1901) and U. V. Swaminatha Aiyar (1855-1942).[45] Aiyar – a Tamil scholar and a Shaiva pundit, in particular, is credited with his discovery of major collections of the Sangam literature in 1883. During his personal visit to the Thiruvavaduthurai Adhinam – a Shaiva matha about twenty kilometers northeast of Kumbhakonam, he reached out to the monastery head Subrahmanya Desikar for access to its large library of preserved manuscripts. Desikar granted Aiyar permission to study and publish any manuscripts he wanted.[13] There, Aiyar discovered a major source of preserved palm-leaf manuscripts of Sangam literature.[13][46]
Aiyar and other Tamil scholars collected and catalogued the manuscripts they found. Navalar and Pillai hailed from Jaffna. Navalar – who translated the Bible into Tamil while working as an assistant to a Methodist Christian missionary, chose to defend and popularize Shaiva Hinduism against missionary polemics, in part by bringing ancient Tamil and Shaiva literature to wider attention.[47] He brought the first Sangam text into print in 1851 (Thirumurukaattuppadai, one of the Ten Idylls). In 1868, Navalar published an early commentary on Tolkappiyam.[48]
Pillai, another Jaffna-based Tamil, brought out the first of the Eight Anthologies (Ettuththokai) of the Sangam classics, the Kaliththokai, in 1887. Swaminathaiyar published his first print of the Ten Idylls in 1889. Together, these scholars printed and published Tholkappiyam, Nachinarkiniyar Urai (1895), Tholkappiyam Senavariyar urai, (1868), Manimekalai (1898), Silappatikaram (1889), Pattuppāṭṭu (1889), and Purananuru (1894), all with scholarly commentaries. They published more than 100 works in all, including minor poems.
The Sangam literature is the historic evidence of indigenous literary developments in South India in parallel to Sanskrit, and the classical status of the Tamil language. While there is no evidence for the first and second mythical Sangams, the surviving literature attests to a group of scholars centered around the ancient Madurai (Maturai) that shaped the "literary, academic, cultural and linguistic life of ancient Tamil Nadu", states Zvelebil.[49][50]
The Sangam literature offers a window into some aspects of the ancient Tamil culture, secular and religious beliefs, and the people. For example, in the Sangam era Ainkurunuru poem 202 is one of the earliest mentions of "pigtail of Brahmin boys".[51] These poems also allude to historical incidents, ancient Tamil kings, the effect of war on loved ones and households.[52] The Pattinappalai poem in the Ten Idylls group, for example, paints a description of the Chola capital, the king Karikal, the life in a harbor city with ships and merchandise for seafaring trade, the dance troupes, the bards and artists, the worship of the Hindu god Murugan and the monasteries of Buddhism and Jainism. This Sangam era poem remained in the active memory and was significant to the Tamil people centuries later, as evidenced by its mention nearly 1,000 years later in the 11th- and 12th-century inscriptions and literary work.[53]
The Sangam literature embeds evidence of loan words from Sanskrit, suggesting on-going linguistic and literary collaboration between ancient Tamil Nadu and other parts of the Indian subcontinent.[54][note 5] One of the early loan words, for example, is acarya– from Sanskrit for a "spiritual guide or teacher", which in Sangam literature appears as aciriyan (priest, teacher, scholar), aciriyam or akavar or akaval or akavu (a poetic meter).[58][note 6]
The Sangam poetry focuses on the culture and people. It is almost entirely non-religious, except for the occasional mentions of the Hindu gods and more substantial mentions of various gods in the shorter poems. The 33 surviving poems of Paripaatal in the "Eight Anthologies" group praises Vishnu, Shiva, Durga and Murugan.[1][17][note 7] Similarly, the 150 poems of Kalittokai – also from the Eight Anthologies group – mention Shiva, Murugan, various Pandava brothers of the Mahabharata, Kama, Krishna, goddesses such as Ganga, divine characters from classical love stories of India.[62] One of the poems also mentions the "merciful men of Benares", an evidence of interaction between the northern holy city of the Hindus with the Sangam poets.[62] Some of the Paripaatal love poems are set in the context of bathing festivals (Magh Mela) and various Hindu gods. They mention temples and shrines, confirming the significance of such cultural festivals and architectural practices to the Tamil culture.[62] Further, the colophons of the Paripaatal poems mention music and tune, signifying the development and the importance of musical arts in ancient Tamil Nadu. According to Zvelebil, these poems were likely from the late Sangam era (2nd or 3rd century CE) and attest to a sophisticated and prosperous ancient civilization.[62]
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