text:
ASU RB gives unit versatility
by Tim Cooper | April 19, 2019 at 2:00 a.m. 0comments
Ryan Graham scored 22 touchdowns for Sierra (Calif.) College last fall in leading the Wolverines to a 7-4 record. Arkansas State University Coach Blake Anderson is hoping the junior transfer can have a similar impact for the Red Wolves this season.
"Ryan is a very versatile player," Anderson said. "The first week he was here he looked lost, but he's made strides. He runs with power."
ASU spring game
WHEN Noon Saturday
WHERE Centennial Bank Stadium, Jonesboro
NOTEWORTHY There is no admission charge for the game, which will be preceded by a punt, pass and kick competition for first- through sixth- graders from 10-11 a.m. Gates will open at 11 a.m., and the Red Wolves will take the field at 11:30 a.m.
Graham will be one of several fresh faces the Red Wolves will count on when the season begins at home Aug. 31 against SMU. ASU will hold its annual spring game Saturday at Centennial Bank Stadium in Jonesboro. Game time is scheduled for noon.
Graham, 5-11, 200 pounds, was the Wolverines' leading rusher in 2018, running 159 times for 1,276 yards. He also led the team in receiving yards, catching 46 passes for 783 yards. He scored 15 rushing TDs and seven more through the air.
"I love everything about [Arkansas State's] offense," Graham said. "It's a balanced attack and I love to play that style of football. It gives me an opportunity to show off my running ability but I also love to catch the ball coming out of the backfield. It's something I'm naturally good at."
Graham and D.J. Chatman, a junior transfer from Independence (Kan.) Community College, will be welcome additions to the Red Wolves' backfield. They will compete with sophomore Marcel Murray for playing time. Murray led Arkansas State in rushing in 2018, running 154 times for 860 yards and 8 TDs.
"They are all a great group of guys," Graham said of his new teammates. "We [are] all out there pushing each other to be our best every day. Coming here was just the best fit for me."
Logan Bonner, the Red Wolves' first-team quarterback, may see limited action in Saturday's game because of a muscle strain. Senior Carson Coats (Jonesboro) and freshman Coltin Clack (Texarkana, Texas) are expected to see the bulk of the playing time.
"Bonner's injury isn't a long-term thing. He'll be back," Anderson said. "We still have a couple of days to get him ready for the spring game, but if we played today I would not let him play."
In their second major scrimmage of the spring last Friday, Coats completed 14 of 18 passes for 160 yards and 2 touchdowns. Clack, an early enrollee, was good on 14 of 25 passes for 130 yards and 3 TDs. He also threw an interception.
"It's good that Coats and Clack are getting some reps, but Bonner needs them, too," Anderson said.
Six of ASU's top eight receivers from 2018 have returned, but it was another junior transfer who led the Red Wolves in receiving in last week's scrimmage. Bubba Ogbebor, who last played for Boise State, hauled in six passes for 71 yards. Jonathan Adams caught five passes for 56 yards.
The defensive line should continue to be one of the Red Wolves' biggest strengths. The Red Wolves, who had 35 sacks in 2018, picked up four from end Aaron Bonkor, a junior transfer from New Mexico Military Institute, during last week's scrimmage.
"We've got a lot of new folks and we're trying to be patient with them," Anderson said. "But we've had few injuries, and we've been going at it hard every day. We're not a finished product, but we're working to get there."
Sports on 04/19/2019
Print Headline: ASU RB gives unit versatility


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Biografia
Figlio del console omonimo, fu edile curule nel 179 a.C., quando celebrò i giochi più volte, perché si erano manifestati numerosi avvenimenti straordinari. Nel 175 a.C. fu pretore e gli fu affidata la provincia della Spagna Ulteriore.

Dopo il suo ritorno in Italia, fu uno degli ambasciatori inviati in Macedonia per denunciare l'alleanza con Perseo.

Nel 169 a.C. fu eletto console con Quinto Marcio Filippo; a questi fu affidata la Macedonia, mentre Cepione rimase a presidiare l'Italia .

Note

Servilio Cepione, Gneo
Cepione, Gneo

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Home/Religion/Clergy Corner/Friday Prayers: A Few Reminders
Friday Prayers: A Few Reminders
Sayyid Muhammad Rizvi
In the Friday Prayer, it is important to listen attentively to the sermon of the Imam. After the sermon, straighten up the rows of the Jama'at and stand close to one another.
The Friday Prayer (Jum'a) is an important weekly event in the Islamic calendar, containing an important socio-religious aspect of the Muslim community. Ideally, it is a means of communication and interaction between the Islamic government and the Ummah. As such, the Imam of Jum'a plays a very important role in the community and thus, in an ideal situation, is to be appointed by the legitimate religious authority. The "call" should be sounded by the true representative of God, i.e., a Prophet, an infallible Imam, or someone who is appointed by the Imam.
The obligation of attending the Friday Prayer depends on the Imam of the Jum'a. If an evil person like Ziyad bin Abih (who was appointed as the governor of Kufa by Mu'awiyah) leads the Friday Prayer and openly abuses Imam Ali (peace be upon him) during his sermon, surely attendance cannot be obligatory!
Is It Wajib Ayni or Wajib Takhiyri?
Therefore, according to Shia laws of Islam, if the Friday Prayer is led by the infallible Shia Imam or someone appointed by him – as would be the case after the reappearance of Imam Mahdi (may Allah hasten his reappearance) – attending Salatul Jum'a would be Wajib Ayni (absolutely obligatory on all). However, during the occultation of our Living Imam, the Friday Prayer is Wajib Takhiyri, which essentially means there is a choice between two obligatory deeds – you must do one of them; you cannot miss both. In the present situation, it means we have the duty of doing either the Noon (Dhuhr) prayer or the Friday (Jum'a) prayer.
Nonetheless, it is preferable to do the Friday Prayer even during the occultation of our Imam. This should be done with the Niyyat (intention) of Wajib, and thereafter it is not necessary to offer the Zuhr prayer.
On Whom Is Salatul Jum'a Wajib?
The Friday Prayer, whether in the form of Ayni or Takhiyri, is Wajib upon all men who are residents of the city, in good health and not elderly. Thus, it is not Wajib upon women, the traveler, the sick and the elderly. However, this does not mean that such individuals are not permitted to participate in the Friday Prayer; it only means they are exempt from the obligation.
Considering the Friday Prayer as the most important weekly religious event in a non-Muslim country, it is preferable for women, the traveler and the elderly to participate, provided it does not cause any inconvenience to them. In the words of Ayatullah Sistani, "For women, it is better to pray at such places where they are best concealed from non-Mahram, regardless of whether that place is her home, a mosque or anywhere else." (Islamic Laws, #903)
The Niyyat for these exempt people will also be that of Wajib, and they too are not required to offer the Dhuhr prayer after it.
Question: "I am not able to come every week for the Friday Prayer; I come only occasionally. Do I still have to do the Niyyat of Wajib whenever I come for Friday Prayer?"
Answer: Yes, you have to do the Niyyat of Wajib whenever you come for Friday Prayer.
Friday Prayer Led by a Sunni Imam
If there is no Shia center or mosque near your home or work place, you may participate in the Friday Prayer led by a Sunni Imam. However, in this case you must recite the Dhuhr prayer after it, as one of the conditions for the Imam of jama'at in Shia jurisprudence is that he must be Shia Ithna Ashari.
(Editor's Note: This is according to the ruling of Ayatollah Sayyid Ali Sistani and most other current Maraja. However, according to Ayatollah Sayyid Ali Khamenei, it is permitted to pray congregationally behind a Sunni Imam.)
What If I Missed the Khutbas before Jum'a Prayer?
The two Khutbas (sermons) delivered by the Imam are essential parts of the Friday Prayer. The audience is required to listen to the Khutba and not to engage in any other activity, not even offering the Nafila prayers. However, if a person missed the Khutbas, he or she can still join the Friday Prayer, and it will be considered sufficient.
Discipline and Orderliness in Jum'a
In the Friday Prayer, it is important to listen attentively to the sermon of the Imam. After the sermon, straighten up the rows of the jama'at and stand close to one another. Hasten in filling the gaps when the Iqamah is being recited. Remain silent when the Imam is reciting the Surahs, and in stages of Dhikr, those who are in the first rows should not recite the Dhikr so loud that the Imam hears them. Do not go into Ruku or Sujud before the Imam.
Imam as-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said, "The best moment when du'a is accepted (by God) on Friday is the time when the Imam ends his sermon and before he asks the people to straighten their rows…"
Recommendations for Thursday Night and Friday
In Islam, the day begins with sunset and ends with sunset, thus the recommendations of Friday start from the sunset of Thursday to the sunset of Friday, some of which are mentioned below:
Reciting certain Surahs of the Qur'an – Surah Yasin (#36), Surah Waqi'a (#56), Surah Jum'a (#62), Surah Shu'ara (#26), Surah Qisas (#28), Surah Ahqaf (#46) and Surah Dukhan (#44).
Reciting Salawat as much as possible.
Praying for the forgiveness of the departed souls of the believers, and for the fulfillment of the wishes of the believers who are alive.
Reciting the distinguished Du'a Kumayl. I strongly recommend that you read its translation in your own language once a month or at least once every three months, until you become familiar with its various themes. After that, even when you recite it Arabic – while not knowing the Arabic language – you will still be able to grasp the spirit of that du'a.
Reciting other recommended du'as as mentioned in Mafatih al-Jinan.
Remember, if you cannot do all these, make sure to complete at least some. Thursday nights come with their special blessings; seize the moment as much as you can. When the sons of Prophet Ya'qub (peace be upon him) requested their father to pray for them, he said, "I shall soon ask for forgiveness for you from my Lord". He delayed that until Thursday night and then prayed for them.
Doing Ghusl of Friday before the Friday Prayer.
Clipping nails.
Shortening the mustache.
Putting on perfume.
Wearing your best clothes.
Combing the hair and the beard.
Giving charity.
Reciting Salawat 1000 times.
Doing the Ziyarat of Imam al-Mahdi
Reciting Du'a Nudba, in which one longs for the reappearance of the Present Imam
Toora, Loora, Loora
The Religion of Clemency and Mercy

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


While many website owners strive to get new backlinks, put more keywords in the title and implement a bunch of new SEO tricks, many of them forget about the grassroots.
As a result, their websites often look like a messy set of webpages that confuse both – the users and search engines. Talking about grassroots, we mean the website structure.
What are the main rules essential to creating a solid website structure? How should it look from the very beginning and be developed afterwards? And why it's important for both SEO and UX?
Let's get started – in this article you will find some simple but crucial actions you have to take to build a good basis for SEO while developing your site.
This step will be useful for those who build their websites from scratch or want to enhance an existing one in terms of basic SEO. Moreover, collecting website semantics is essential in developing proper landing pages and generating good content ideas.
Brainstorm and highlight specific categories that describe your products. Also, you can look at other sites covering similar subjects to check whether you've missed anything. To visualize it, create your website map using special online tools such as Mindmup, XMind, Venngage. You will end up with a basic skeleton of the key phrases that describe your product the best. This will serve as a basis for determining your website semantic core.
Using the list of discovered key phrases, complete them with as many keywords as possible using tools such as SE Ranking keywords suggestion tool, Google Keyword Planner, Google Trends, Q&A websites e.g. Quora, etc. Start from general keywords and then go further collecting more and more semantics.
After you've collected and filtered all the irrelevant keywords, adjust your website map – categorize and prioritize the pages to build a hierarchy – from the main sections to the subsections and pages (from the high-volume to low-volume keywords). Remember, the higher page is in your architecture, the more likely it can rank for more competitive keywords. Thus, you will create a basis of simple and good website navigation that all the users love.
Don't blindly follow the three-click rule saying that a user of a website should find any information with no more than 3 clicks otherwise he may become frustrated and often leave the website. In fact, a few testings show no correlation between the number of user clicks and their success in finding what they need or page abandonment rate. What you have to do is follow the logic: if you create a separate page for a group of queries, you will help the user to quickly find what he is looking for. Such division is conditioned by the customer demand and positively influences both SEO and UX.
Find more tips here on how to develop URL structure.
By the way, have you noticed that when searching for something in Google we tend to click the URLs that holds the query we've entered.
Internal linking is essential for every website as it helps spread a link juice around the web pages and enhance site navigation. A rule of thumb here is that every website page should have a link to and a link from another website page. Google's bots find and index websites following one link to another link so a smart internal linking will help them to find new content on your website.
While interlinking your website, follow the hierarchy (main categories and subcategories) so all the pages will be linked at different levels and among each other. Here is an example of how the internal linking may look like.
Sitemap helps search engine crawlers keep track of all new pages that appear on your website. Search engines can also use the sitemap as a reference when determining canonical URLs. By the way, Google indexes websites with sitemaps faster than those without. Good reason to have one, eh?
Read more on what is sitemap.xml and why do you need one, how to create XML sitemap and place it on your website, how many sitemaps do you need and how to set the indexing priority and frequency correctly and after creating one make sure to test it.
For the finale, I would like to share a little lifehack with you. In order to use the strategies that already work, use the Competitor SEO/PPC research tool. The tool will help you find your main competitors and discover the most ranked pages/subdomains of their domains in Google's top 100 organic and paid search results. Analyze what's been done by your rivals, which pages show the greatest results and what their place is in the website structure. After discovering the insights, use this knowledge to adjust your structure and linking appropriately.
If you have a solid website structure with smart linking, both users and Google will "understand" and love your website. What does it mean? Definitely, higher rankings, lower bounce rate, more web pages per visit and higher conversions. To track your website progress after restructuring your website, constantly monitor its rankings and respond to all changes in time. To keep all the data in one place track your website rankings with SE Ranking.
Having a solid website structure is about the website reputation and a good CTR as well. That's why it's so important to get the Google sitelinks – the SERP block that shows your domain along with several internal URLs grouped below. This is how it looks like.
The sitelinks block affects your website reputation, helps users navigate, points the most relevant information and separates your website from others in the search results. So how to get these sitelinks as a part of your snippet? Create a good site structure, and Google will automatically reward you with this SERP feature. By the way, you can track the keyword rankings in the SERP features with SE Ranking and get a notification right when your website hits the sitelinks block – find a detailed guide here.
If you have not dived into heat maps yet (for example, Hotjar and Crazy Egg), it's time to discover these efficient tools to test usability and track users' activity. How did the visitor move around the site? Where did he click? Where did he stop by, and which parts did he miss? The heat maps give you all the answers. Also, you will be able to watch the video records of visitors' sessions, understand what they are actually watching, and what is missed. Analyze their behaviour, draw conclusions and use them to adjust your website structure.
Building a solid website structure is not only about sections and links – it's about user experience and design as well. Make sure you invest time and resources in creating an SEO website structure before you build the site itself. And if your website is already running, do analyze it from the structure perspective, create "to do" list and start from small but needed changes. Don't overlook this opportunity as it's your chance to enhance your website rankings and an overall SEO.
Great article, Having a structured insights in a blog with high quality keywords will surely increase organic traffic. It is really important for SEO since this is the main avenue where each individuals search for a service or a product being offered.
Good article, I will definitely go to the basics as I am going to put a new site from scratch. Thanks for breaking this down into the plain language! By the way, which tool do you use for creating sitemaps? Thanks a bunch!
Thanks, Roberto! The easiest way to generate a sitemap.xml file is to create it at https://www.xml-sitemaps.com/ for free. But it has 500 pages limit. For bigger websites use services like Sitemap Generator (up to 1000 pages for free) or paid options offered by different sitemap generators.


Current literature for veterinary cardiologists focuses on normal heart rates for adult dogs over the age of one. While this helps with the diagnosis of cardiac disease in adult dogs, it poses a problem for veterinarians when they are attempting to evaluate a puppy for suspected cardiac disease. The purpose of this study is to gather information about heart rates in healthy puppies. This data will be used to help establish normal heart rates in puppies, thus providing veterinarians with valuable information when screening for cardiac disease in puppies. For this study we will be using a small, wearable device called a Holter monitor, to collect ECG data for 24 hours. An ECG is a recording of the electrical activity of the heart.
Participants will help to establish screening parameters for veterinarians to use when they are screening puppies for cardiac disease. In addition, participating puppies will receive a free physical exam and owners will receive a gift certificate for a free scoop of ice cream at Ferdinand's Ice Cream Shoppe.
Enrolled puppies need to be between 3 and 11 months old, healthy and comfortable visiting the veterinarian.
Once participating puppies have received their physical exam, five small patches of fur will be shaved so the Holter monitor leads can be applied. Puppies will then be fitted with a vest. This vest will help to keep the Holter leads in place and will hold the monitor itself. Puppies will need to wear the Holter monitor and vest for 24 hours. Owners and their puppies will need to return to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital the following day for Holter monitor removal.
Owners will be asked to bring their puppy to WSU's Veterinary Teaching Hospital for both the initial appointment and then 24 hours later for Holter monitor removal. They are responsible for making sure their puppy does not chew on or do damage to the Holter monitor and leads. Owners will be asked to fill out a "Patient Activity Diary" during the 24 hours their puppy is wearing the Holter monitor.


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https://www.greenwichtime.com/news/article/Greenwich-High-girls-soccer-ends-12-year-drought-138888.php
Greenwich High girls soccer ends 12-year drought against Wilton
By Christopher Falvo, SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT
Published 2:17 am EDT, Thursday, September 24, 2009
The last time the Greenwich girls soccer team beat Wilton, Bill Clinton occupied the Oval Office, the Spice Girls topped the Billboard charts and the Cardinals' seniors were in kindergarten.
Greenwich finally removed that monkey from its back Tuesday, claiming a 2-1 victory over the Warriors for the first time in 12 years.
"We showed a lot of passion and a lot of heart and that's what it took to get the win," senior tri-captain Elizabeth Niehaus said.
With the match tied 1-1 midway through the second half, it was a girl who was in preschool when the Cardinals last beat Wilton in 1997 that netted the game-winner. Sophomore Shannon Colligan dribbled the ball down the left sideline and shielded the defender from the ball when she entered the left side of the goal box. With her back to the goal, the forward stepped back, turned and fired a low shot that ricocheted through the arms of Wilton goalkeeper Elizabeth Rida to give Greenwich a 2-1 lead at 59:40.
"We want the girls to really get into the box and take players on, and (both of our forwards) showed that willingness to do that," Cardinals coach Danny Simpson said.
Greenwich's other forward, senior Courtney Callahan, broke a scoreless tie deep into the first half, when she hooked a shot from 20 yards out into the far corner of the net at 33:45.
Callahan's goal gave the Cardinals a well-deserved lead after maintaining possession of the ball for the majority of the half. Greenwich had dominated the ball throughout the first half, but had nothing to show for its prior 10 shots and seven corners the team had forced. The Warriors defense had outplayed Greenwich's offense to win balls in the air and clear the box.
"We played great football, but (Wilton) challenged us for heart," Simpson said. "That second half really showed me the passion they had for the game."
Greenwich High girls soccer determined to return to postseason...
Greenwich girls soccer opens with a win
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Monroe girls soccer team Xtremely good
ROUNDUP Greenwich High volleyball sweeps Westhill
Danbury girls rout Central in FCIAC girls soccer
Trumbull High girls soccer team hosts 'Pink Night'
Wilton was able to turn a few first-half clears into transition offense, most of which were snuffed out by Greenwich's defense. Greenwich allowed Wilton just three shots in the first half, only two of which came from inside the Cardinals' goal box.
"To hold a team like Wilton to two chances for the first half was very good," Simpson said.
The Warriors' lone goal was a result of a defensive lapse by the Cardinals. Greenwich allowed Wilton forward Lauren DeCarlo to slip past the defense as Colleen Deardoff's direct kick knuckled into the box. As Greenwich goalkeeper Kelsey Shea approached the ball, DeCarlo was able to get a foot on it, tapping it into the net to tie the game with 1:48 left in the first half.
Shea, a senior tri-captain, had three saves in game and was kept relatively clean because of a strong defensive effort by the Cardinals defense. The Warriors only other first-half scoring opportunity came when Tessa Howard went one-on-one into the box, beat her defender and fired a shot just wide as Shea charged to cut down her angle.
Greenwich will look to stay undefeated when it travels to Connor Field in New Canaan to face the Rams on Thursday at 4 p.m.


text:
College of Arts & Sciences Home
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About Us - Art & Design
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Contact Art & Design
nesad1@suffolk.edu
Sawyer Building, 10th floor 8 Ashburton Place Boston, Massachusetts 02108
Our 31,000-square-foot facility in the Sawyer Building at the top of Boston's Historic Beacon Hill boasts state-of-the-art technology classrooms, light-filled studios, a wood shop and fabrication lab, a printmaking facility, lighting lab, art gallery, and much more. Explore our spaces.
When you study in Boston, you'll find yourself immersed in a vibrant art scene full of world-class museums and galleries. One of the newest is right here on campus. Visit the Suffolk Art Gallery.
What could be more inspiring than a change of scenery? Our study abroad programs give students the chance to travel to some of the world's richest cultural centers. Learn about studying art & design abroad.
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Meet current students and faculty, visit our gallery and creative spaces, and picture yourself at Suffolk. Visit Art & Design.
Our reference library and materials library keep students up to date on the latest art & design trends, research, and products.
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Suffolk University is accredited by the National Association of Schools of Art and Design (NASAD), the national accreditation agency for art and design. Our Interior Design BFA and Interior Architecture MA programs are accredited by the Council for Interior Design Accreditation (CIDA), a specialized body recognized by the US Department of Education.
Suffolk University is accredited by the New England Association of Schools and Colleges. Read more about Suffolk University's accreditations.


text:
package com.googlecode.totallylazy;

import com.googlecode.totallylazy.functions.Curried2;
import com.googlecode.totallylazy.functions.Function1;
import com.googlecode.totallylazy.numbers.Numbers;
import com.googlecode.totallylazy.predicates.LogicalPredicate;
import com.googlecode.totallylazy.predicates.Predicate;
import com.googlecode.totallylazy.reflection.Methods;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;

import static com.googlecode.totallylazy.functions.Callables.toClass;
import static com.googlecode.totallylazy.reflection.Methods.methodName;
import static com.googlecode.totallylazy.reflection.Methods.parameterTypes;
import static com.googlecode.totallylazy.predicates.Predicates.is;
import static com.googlecode.totallylazy.predicates.Predicates.not;
import static com.googlecode.totallylazy.predicates.Predicates.notNullValue;
import static com.googlecode.totallylazy.predicates.Predicates.nullValue;
import static com.googlecode.totallylazy.predicates.Predicates.where;
import static com.googlecode.totallylazy.Sequences.sequence;
import static com.googlecode.totallylazy.comparators.Comparators.by;
import static com.googlecode.totallylazy.numbers.Numbers.ascending;
import static com.googlecode.totallylazy.numbers.Numbers.minimum;
import static com.googlecode.totallylazy.numbers.Numbers.sum;

public class Dispatcher {
    private final Class<?> aClass;
    private final Object instance;
    private final Predicate<? super Method> predicate;
    private final ConcurrentMap<List<?>, Option<Method>> cache = new ConcurrentHashMap<List<?>, Option<Method>>();

    private Dispatcher(Class<?> aClass, Object instance, Predicate<? super Method> predicate) {
        this.aClass = aClass;
        this.instance = instance;
        this.predicate = predicate;
    }

    public static Dispatcher dispatcher(Class<?> aClass, String name) {
        return dispatcher(aClass, where(methodName(), is(name)));
    }

    public static Dispatcher dispatcher(Class<?> aClass, Predicate<? super Method> predicate) {
        return dispatcher(aClass, null, predicate);
    }

    public static Dispatcher dispatcher(Object instance, String name) {
        return dispatcher(instance, where(methodName(), is(name)));
    }

    public static Dispatcher dispatcher(Object instance, Predicate<? super Method> predicate) {
        return dispatcher(instance.getClass(), instance, predicate);
    }

    public static Dispatcher dispatcher(Class<?> aClass, Object instance, Predicate<? super Method> predicate) {
        return new Dispatcher(aClass, instance, predicate);
    }

    public <T> T invoke(Object... args) {
        return this.<T>invokeOption(args).get();
    }

    public <T> Option<T> invokeOption(Object... args) {
        final List<Class<?>> argumentClasses = sequence(args).map(toClass()).toList();
        return cache.computeIfAbsent(argumentClasses, key -> Methods.allMethods(aClass).
                filter(predicate).
                filter(where(parameterTypes(), matches(argumentClasses))).
                sort(by(distanceFrom(argumentClasses), ascending())).
                headOption()).map(Methods.<T>invokeOn(instance, args));
    }

    private static Function1<Method, Number> distanceFrom(final Iterable<Class<?>> argumentClasses) {
        return method -> distanceFrom(argumentClasses, sequence(method.getParameterTypes()));
    }

    static Number distanceFrom(Iterable<Class<?>> argumentClasses, Iterable<Class<?>> parameterTypes) {
        return sequence(argumentClasses).zip(parameterTypes).map(distanceBetween().pair()).reduce(sum);
    }

    private static Curried2<Class<?>, Class<?>, Number> distanceBetween() {
        return Dispatcher::distanceBetween;
    }

    static Number distanceBetween(Class<?> argument, Class<?> parameterType) {
        if (argument.equals(parameterType)) return 0;
        return Numbers.add(parameterType.isInterface() ? 1 : 1.1, sequence(argument.getInterfaces()).
                append(argument.getSuperclass()).
                filter(not(nullValue())).
                map(distanceBetween().flip().apply(parameterType)).
                reduce(minimum));
    }

    private static LogicalPredicate<Class<?>[]> matches(final Iterable<Class<?>> argumentClasses) {
        return new LogicalPredicate<Class<?>[]>() {
            @Override
            public boolean matches(Class<?>[] classes) {
                return sequence(classes).equals(argumentClasses, new LogicalPredicate<Pair<Class<?>, Class<?>>>() {
                    @Override
                    public boolean matches(Pair<Class<?>, Class<?>> pair) {
                        return pair.first().isAssignableFrom(pair.second());
                    }
                });
            }
        };
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


It appears as though MSNBC has gone into overdrive covering up for the Obama administration over the terrorist attack on our consulate in Libya. Following emails uncovered by CBS News late Tuesday evening showing the White House knew within two hours that the attack was terrorist related, MSNBC has run a grand total of two stories on these shocking developments.
Unlike yesterday, NBC's Today did provide a news brief on the emails Thursday morning as well as a story during Wednesday night's Nightly News, but their sister cable network MSNBC has only covered the story once today, on The Daily Rundown at 9:00 a.m. Eastern.
In fact, MSNBC ran three stories yesterday accusing Sarah Palin of using a dog-whistle racist attack when she used the phrase "shuck and jive" to refer to President Obama's cover-up of the fiasco in Libya. Apparently, slamming Sarah Palin for language that MSNBC's own Chris Matthews has used in the past is more important than new details showing the Obama White House knew our Libyan consulate was the victim of a terrorist attack within two hours of the events.
Rather than cover a major development in foreign policy, MSNBC has instead devoted more than 20 segments in two days to the overblown controversy surrounding comments made by Senate candidate Richard Mourdock (R-Ind.) showing his support for pro-life values.
Such blatant disregard of the newsworthiness of a major foreign policy disaster by the Obama White House less than two weeks before Election Day is strongly suggestive of a deliberate attempt by the Obama-boosting network to soften the damage to the president's reelection chances.


1. Consider the tone of the text.
As we develop sensitivity to the text and the setting of the text, we should be increasingly effective at grasping the tone of the author. We need to go for a humble confidence rather than a brash confidence in this. We are looking at lots of factors and weighing them up.
2. Consider the listeners to the message.
Who are you preaching to, and what is the occasion of the sermon? Sometimes the occasion will influence the tone significantly (i.e. a funeral), sometimes it will be less significant. It is not enough, though, to figure out the tone of the text and replicate that. That text needs to be preached with sensitivity to these listeners.
3. Consider yourself as a preacher.
What is your natural or default tone? Do you have a theological bias? For instance, do you see everything as duty and expectation? Do you see everything as gentle and joyful? Do you turn any passage into a guilt trip? The better you know yourself, the better you will be at selecting tone on purpose rather than defaulting into a tone that is less than helpful.
When you have evaluated all these factors, then there is still a bit more to consider. Next time I'll blog about the dangers and the needs as we think about preaching tone.


text:
POSTECH Solves the Durability Issue of Hydrogen Cars
[Professor Yong-Tae Kim's research team improves the durability of
automotive fuel cells through selective electro-catalysis.]
When a bicycle gets wet in the rain, the frame and chain become corroded or rusty which shorten the life of the bike. Oil needs to be regularly applied to prevent this from happening. Battery cells are devices that create electrical energy through moving electrons by triggering oxidation and reduction reactions separately. But they also corrode when exposed to oxygen. Can these cells also be greased to prevent rusting?
A research team led by Professor Yong-Tae Kim and doctoral student Sang Moon Jung of Materials Science and Engineering at POSTECH used a catalyst (Pt/HxWO3) that combines platinum and hydrogen tungsten bronze to solve the corrosion in fuel cells that occur when hydrogen cars are shut down. The catalyst, recently introduced in Nature Catalysis – a sister journal of Nature – has been shown to promote hydrogen oxidation and selectively suppress oxygen reduction reactions (ORR).
As eco-friendly hydrogen cars become more common, the race for research and development for improving fuel cell performance – the heart of hydrogen cars – is getting fierce around the world. The performance of automotive fuel cells are severely low owing to their intermittent shut-downs compared to power-generating fuel cells that do not stop once started. This is because when ignition is turned off, the ORR occurs as air is temporarily introduced into the anode, and corrosion of the cathodic components accelerates as the potential of cathod surges instantaneously.
The research team focused on the Metal Insulator Transition (MIT) phenomenon, which can selectively change the conductivity of materials depending on the surrounding environment, to solve the problem of durability degradation in automotive fuel cells.
In particular, the research team focused on the tungsten oxide (WO3) that has traditionally been used as an electrical discoloration material since it greatly changes conductivity via the insertion and reduction of protons. Applying the MIT phenomenon of WO3 in normal operation results in an electrode reaction while maintaining the H-WO3 (conductor) state with the insertion of a proton. In contrast, when ignition is shut-down, mixed air is drawn in which increases the oxygen pressure and changes it into WO3 (subconductor) which stops the electrode reaction, thus solving the issue of cathodic corrosion.
The Pt/HxWO3 selective hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) catalysts imparted by the metal-insulator transition phenomenon showed more than twice the durability of conventional commercial Pt/C catalyst materials in shut-down conditions in the MEA evaluation of automotive fuel cells.
Professor Yong-Tae Kim who led the research commented, "This research has dramatically improved the durability of automotive fuel cells." He added, "It is anticipated that the commercialization of hydrogen cars may be further facilitated through these findings."
This research was conducted with the support from the Future Materials Discovery Project and the hydrogen energy innovation technology development program of the Ministry of Science and ICT.
Author POSTECH IRPosted on 2020년 July 13일 2020년 July 24일 Categories Community, News & Events


text:
Q: A question about a comparative construction I have known that an adjective of a positive degree is always omitted in a subordinate clause of a comparative sentence like the following

*He is taller than I am (tall)

I happened upon a phrase which doesn't omit such an adjective like the following.

used before adjectives and adverbs to say that something is more than is good, necessary, possible, etc. (Definition of a word 'too')

Source is from Oxford Leaner's Dictionaries.
I think the phrase should be changed to the following.

used before adjectives and adverbs to say that something is better or more necessary or more possible, etc than something is.

Adjectives are included in the subordinate clause of conjunction 'than' like the above.
I'm not sure if I have had a wrong information. I want to know why the subordinate clause consists in such an adjective.

A: As I said in my comment (before you expanded the qustion), I find the definition grammatically odd. I would expect a placeholder after "more":

to say that something is more ''something'' than is good, necessary, possible, etc.

or  (perhaps less confusingly)

to say that something ''has some property'' more than is good, necessary, possible, etc.

I think your confusion is because you are assuming that the adjectives good, necessary, possible are part of what is being compared, like tall in the example you have now given. But they are not: they are part of the standard of comparison.
An example of the definition with a real quality inserted would be

"He is too tall" means that "he is taller than is good, necessary, possible etc".

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


William Leonard Heavisides was the son of William and Margaret Elizabeth Heavisides.
Flight Sergeant William Leonard Heavisides was killed in the same aircraft crash that killed Flying Officer Robert Frank Spencer-Schrader and Pilot Officer Anthony Hugh Denison Reffell. More on the circumstances of that crash can be seen on the page about Anthony.
AND WORK TILL HIS LIFE WAS DONE"
Many thanks to the The Scottish War Graves Project for the photograph of William's gravestone.


On May 27th, the Department of Veteran's Affairs committed to a "Summer of Service" initiative that gets individuals and communities involved in helping veterans nationwide. There are so many great charities, organizations and non-profits for individuals to join such as: Soldiers' Angels, Wounded Warrior Project, Paralyzed Veterans of America, The Coming Home Project, Operation Home Front, Freedom Hunters, VA Vigilante, Inc., Rolling Thunder and so many more. Which organization do you plan to volunteer for this year in an effort to serve the veterans in your community?
The week of June 28th, the VA Department of Veteran's Affairs will be holding an open house at some VA facilities in an effort of raise awareness of local organizations, charities and non-profits in which you can get involved in.
This summer reach out to your local veteran's charities, organizations and non-profits and lend a hand to the veterans in your community! Every little bit helps.


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First Look Sonogram provides limited medical ultrasounds to the public. All sonograms are scheduled by appointment only. We do not provide measurements or determine due dates, and will determine the gender of your baby if requested and circumstances permit.


Vice President Yemi Osinbajo has underscored the importance of setting up an endowment fund for the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) group of states.
The Vice President, who pledged Nigeria's unalloyed support for the ACP, especially in its agenda on climate change and others, urged member-nations to remain united in pursuit of the organisation's objectives.
In another development, Osinbajo, who spoke yesterday at a retreat on revitalising urban water supply and sanitation in Abuja, said that reports by the World Bank had revealed that rapid population growth and urbanisation has not been accompanied by a commensurate increase in the delivery of essential urban services such as water supply, sewerage, sanitation, collection and disposal of solid wastes.
He, therefore, called for proactive steps to bridged the demand and supply gaps in the urban areas.
He pointed out that the rate and pace of urbanization was alarming, hence the need for swift action, creativity and synergy on the part of governments at all levels to bridge the demand and supply gap in the urban areas.
The World Bank Country Director, Rachid Bennessamoud, in his remarks, noted that the water resources management was key to water security in Nigeria and to nation's economic and social development.


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text:
Wyliefan
Slow, dull, and G-rated
Reactions: Jimena, beckab81, ChelleC and 9 others
allezfred said:
Not sure why you need to use "rightfully", but they were an extraordinary team with programmes a lot of the time that didn't meet their talents.
When VM came back, I hoped that they would delve more deeply into off-ice styles of dance and adapt them to the ice -- sort of like what Green/Parsons did this year, and what they themselves had done with Hip Hip Chin Chin, Pink Floyd, and Carmen. However, taking risks like that doesn't often result in gold medals, and in their comeback, they were under tremendous pressure to win the Olympics. B2ten was funding a huge part of their skating expenses, with the expectation that Olympic golds would result.
My hope is that one day they will do show programs like this, though it would take a lot of time and effort to do that right -- so maybe that hope is very unrealistic.
Reactions: Hindernisse and skatfan
thvu
Usova's Apprentice
Yup! So true lol.
Reactions: Theatregirl1122, ChelleC, MacMadame and 2 others
allezfred
In A Fake Snowball Fight
sap5 said:
My hope is that one day they will do show programs like this, though it would take amount of time and effort to do that right -- so maybe that hope is very unrealistic.
They have three Olympic golds and a silver. I don't think they really have anything to prove to anyone else or particularly have any desire to do so at this stage.
The older, the crankier
All I can add is that at least @allezfred actually watches the skating rather than coming into threads with odd, unsubstantial posts and then saying after 50 replies that he hasn't watched skating in 'years'. 💁🏻♂
Reactions: ChelleC, Peepsquick, Karen-W and 2 others
Deleted member 221
I'm the last person to defend @allezfred on most topics (there are a few threads at the moment....), but he was never anti-V&M and was often quite supportive of them early in their career. Now Davis and White, on the other hand..... .
I stopped watching ice dance a few years into Code of Points, aside from a few programs here and there, and generally don't think I'm missing anything. I thought Virtue and Moir's Pink Floyd program was cool; anything that I've seen beyond that has been a snooze-fest.
Not working honey! 😂😂😂😂
It wouldn't be to prove anything. It would be show programs done because they enjoy creating the programs and exploring dance styles. But that is just my fantasy.
Reactions: allezfred
Peepsquick said:
There again, you can decide she is an arrogant, lording-it-over-team-mates kind of girl or if you really look at the sum of what she said or did in other situations, see that she (clumsily for sure but this is also spontaneous Gabi) meant that she believes all 3 pairs would be on the podium. She really believes and hopes that H/D can be there. Maddi's reaction of course was about being on top.
I made no such assumption about Gabriella Papadakis based on the story that Madison Hubbell told. I was simply relaying the details to someone who hadn't seen it, and had asked what all the fuss was about. I'm not going to make any assumptions about what Madison Hubbell from the clip either.
Reactions: barbarafan, Judy and Peepsquick
They aren't returning back to skating though.
Well, we don't know that. They are both in their early 30s. To definitely say they'll never skate again in their whole lives is a bit of a stretch, I think.
I can guarantee you that it isn't. Unfortunate but true.
I loved V/M's MR much more than the movie itself. They also re-worked it to make a highly crowd-pleasing dance full of difficulty and content that was eye-catching.
They were one of the most talked about athletes in Pyeongchang on social media and they got huge boosts to their profile and were invited on American talk shows.
Savchenko/Massot's LP was a runaway hit on YouTube with 26 million views thus far, but Virtue/Moir are not far behind with 14 million views.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wOEKdWrtz6U
Anyway, the scores were up to the judges, but V/M knocked it out of the park in terms doing what they needed to do and what was in their control and squeezing every point they could (maximizing their BV and demanding those GOEs) to keep their lead from the SD. They ended that dance with huge support from the audience, and the roar of the crowds, and it wasn't because Canada paid to have 30,000 North Koreans come and cheer for them like an infamous conspiracy theory from one P/C "insider," who kept arguing happened (which he didn't realize that he was pretty much acknowledging that the arena was totally with V/M).
P/C has the chance to win big in Beijing and they can definitely win the crowd, especially with their whacking RD, so I hope nobody begrudges their success or tries to undermine them if it does happen. Believe it or not, there are actually S/K fans and those who aren't particularly fond of P/C's style or programs on this forum so let's hope they give credit where credit is due if P/C get similar off-ice attention that V/M got post-Pyeongchang.
Reactions: Andora, mjb52, skategal and 4 others
Peepsquick
They didn't choose a crowd pleaser as FD and I understand their need to do what they believe in, but like Moonlight sonata, it will never put an Oly crowd on their feet.
Reactions: PRlady, Andora and Alilou
It doesn't sound like there will be much a crowd, so that solves that problem.
Reactions: aemeraldrainc, Sugar64, Andora and 9 others
I can think of a few Moonlight Sonatas that got the crowd going, including P/C's at Euros the month before Pyeongchang.
Reactions: TheresMaude
If his reaction is that bad,, I'd hate to see his response to Canadian pairs
Reactions: Judy, VGThuy, Peepsquick and 2 others
Japanfan said:
Also, IMO P/C were slated to be the victors in 2018.
I don't agree with this. It was between P/C and V/M. They were co-favorites.
Lol yup I do.
I'm glad someone does.
Reactions: thvu
VGThuy said:
Absolutely! but the Olys are a different beast ... not the same type of spectators.
Mayra said:
Chinese spectators ?
Gordeeva/Grinkov had a great response to theirs at the Olympics despite some errors that I think casual fans didn't care too much about but fans did. Fumie Suguri also had a great one in SLC. Maybe the jumps and spins helped, as did the lifts (in G/G's case). People also loved G/G's romantic connection.
Reactions: Judy
Even that's being limited.
I know we're discussing someone else's version of what she said, so we don't have her actual words to refer to, but when I was watching the episode I interpreted what Madison H said Gabi said to mean that being on the podium at their first GP event after more than a year away felt as good as winning the Olympics, not that she was assuming they'd win? Which might not even be close to the truth but if nothing else does demonstrate that there are a lot of ways to read that statement.
Anyway, one thing I think this series has consistently shown is that H/D are a very directly competitive pair while P/C, while they do care about competition and especially about winning the Olympics, are more of a serenely-off-in-their-bubble pair, so it doesn't surprise me that they have different viewpoints and interpretations of moments. They know each other; they're friends as well as competitors; it probably bothers them a lot less than it does us observers!
Reactions: Sugar64, Andora, Peepsquick and 1 other person
Eh, I've come to the conclusion ( rightly or wrongly) that Gordeeva and Grinkov's Olympic skate to Moonlight Sonata seems to be one of those Mandela effect performances. Their skating was lovely but it really didn't win over the crowd
Katia actually complained in "My Sergei" that M&D recieved more applause during the medal ceremony and she was a bit disappointed by that.
Eh, Gordeeva and Grinkov's Olympic skate to Moonlight Sonata seems to be one of those Mandela effect performances. Their skating was lovely but it really didn't win over the crowd
I just went by what I heard and saw from the videos I've watched. M/D had loud applause as well and the crowd loved their performance. I was just saying the crowd seemed to enjoy G/G as well based on my own observations.
Louis said:
Now Davis and White, on the other hand..... .
Lovely people, but once you've heard someone positively gleeful at the idea of using "Phantom of the Opera"……
Reactions: Lanie, Habs and thvu
I am one of the few here who likes James/Radford as a pair. Shame it took them this long to find each other.
Sale/Pelletier (especially him) were a really good pair. Just not as good as Berezhnaya/Sikharulidze.
Reactions: 4rkidz and Habs
canbelto
Reactions: Yuri and Alilou


BELGRADE, Serbia — Serbia's new chief war crimes prosecutor has filed a request to resume the landmark trial of eight former Bosnian Serb police officers charged with taking part in the 1995 Srebrenica massacre.
The proceedings were halted after an appeals court ruled this month that the charges were invalid because they were filed when Serbia did not have a chief war crimes prosecutor. The trial marked the first time that a Serbian court had dealt with the killings by Bosnian Serb troops of around 8,000 Muslim men and boys in the Bosnian town of Srebrenica, Europe's worst single atrocity since World War II.
Serbia's human rights groups had criticized the ruling, warning of state obstruction of war crimes trials in the Balkan country seeking to become a member of the European Union. The request to resume the trial was filed last week by the chief war crimes prosecutor, Snezana Stanojkovic, her office said.
The eight former officers were charged with participating in the killing of 1,313 people in a warehouse in Kravica, a village outside Srebrenica. They were crammed into a warehouse in the village and then killed with grenades and machine-guns as they tried to escape the Serb onslaught.
Special police unit commander Nedeljko Milidragovic, also known as "Nedjo the Butcher," was the defendant accused of organizing the killings. An indictment alleged that Milidragovic fired his pistol at those who still showed signs of life after the night-long rampage.
Serbia actively supported and armed Bosnian Serbs during the 1992-95 war that left over 100,000 people dead and forced millions from their homes.


The Life of Mo: the bad news...and the good news!
Bad news: I'm very sick. Some sort of virus that involves a sore and swollen throat, body aches, hot/cold flashes, and vomiting. I saw a doctor this morning and was told to drink lots of water and medicate liberally with over the counter drugs.
GOOD NEWS: I have a job interview on Tuesday! Yeah! Finally!
Hey... I ran into Doug Bryan and he was asking about your parents' phone number. He'll be in Atlanta this weekend and wanted to see if he could catch up with them if they don't live too far from there. Just email or call and I'll pass on the message. I want to hear about the job interview too.


I was surprised and delighted last week, when I got in the mail a copy of the new book, The Voyage of the Beetle.
It's what my daughter Sophie would call a "chapter book" -- a reimagining of Charles Darwin's Voyage of the Beagle as seen through the eyes of a beetle named Rosie. It starts with the real story of Darwin popping a beetle in his mouth, and proceeds along with his journeys and discoveries. Anyway, Sophie made off with it, so I guess Amazon's suggestion that the book's reading level is 9-12 years can extend to a bright 7-year-old.
The best treat is that the author, Anne Weaver, is an anthropologist! She's now working as a full-time writer in Santa Fe. She took her Ph.D. from the University of New Mexico and previously taught at Santa Fe Community College. Anne graciously agreed to answer some questions about her book and her earlier work on human brain evolution.
Hawks: Your new book, Voyage of the Beetle, was a lot of fun for me to read. Could you describe it a bit for readers, and let us know how you got the idea?
Weaver: I'm so glad you liked the Beetle! It was fun to write, too. The book was inspired by Charles Darwin's own account of his seminal five-year voyage on the H.M.S. Beagle. I loved Darwin's youthful enthusiasm, his unbounded curiosity, and his lively descriptions. I wanted to introduce a wider audience to this appealing character whose ideas changed the way we think about life on earth.
The Voyage of the Beetle is narrated by a rose-chafer beetle named Rosie. It's written as a search for the "Mystery of Mysteries," the question of species origins. Rosie uses encounters with the natural world -- based on descriptions in The Voyage of the Beagle -- to provide clues to the mystery. She writes the clues in beetle tracks in Darwin's journal while he is sleeping. The reader is invited to come up with a solution before Charles does.
The book is intended to work for readers at many levels. It unfolds as an adventure story, with humor and anecdotes to appeal to younger readers. There is a wide cast of Rosie's cousins who discuss adaptation, variation, and ecology in accessible language. At the same time, every chapter opens with Darwin's own words, and the elements of natural selection theory are presented "straight up." We've also put up a web site (http://www.voyageofthebeetle.com), where we're starting to develop classroom activities and provide a forum for questions ("Ask Rosie").
Hawks: What has been the reception for the book so far?
Weaver: George Lawrence, the Beetle's gifted illustrator, and I have been delighted with its reception so far. The responses have been very positive, from a local reviewer who called the Rosie character "riveting," to little kids we've met at book signings, to junior high and high school biology teachers who are delighted to find engaging materials on evolution for their classrooms. We also got a nice write-up in the Books section of Science News, and we're looking forward to a review by the National Center for Science Education early next year.
Weaver: My writing is a direct outgrowth of teaching. I taught at Santa Fe Community College practically from the first day I got my M.S. until very recently. From the beginning I was fascinated by the challenge of communicating complex material in an exciting and lucid way. And writing is an extension of that challenge. The great thing about being published is that all your hard work doesn't just vanish into the ether the way it does after a lecture. The downside is you don't get that magical live interaction that happens when a class is really cooking. Though if your recent posts are any example, John, blogging can be very rewarding in that respect.
Hawks: How do you see it working out? Do you have another project in the works?
Weaver: George and I have a second book under contract with UNM Press, called Children of Time. It's a unique series of stories that take the reader into the world of early hominids from the viewpoint of child fossils (the Taung child, OH 7, the Turkana boy, a Neandertal infant from Amud, the Dolni Vestonice teenagers.) Obviously this is a work of imagination, but I've been scrupulous about reconstructing credible situations and environments from the literature to bring the fossils to life in an authentic way. We're very excited about this book. The text is complete and has gone through review, and George has about one-third of the illustrations done. They are beautiful, even more evocative than the ones in the Beetle. They're poignant and vibrant and as accurate as he can make them as far as facial reconstructions and postcranial proportions go.
I'm also working on a historical mystery set in 1878 in a Colorado, using the genre format to explore the excitement of creating communities in the wilderness, the complexities of cross-cultural encounters, and the implacability of historical forces.
Hawks: Any advice for students?
Weaver: I've long been inspired a quote attributed to Goethe: "Whatever you can do, or dream you can, begin it. In boldness lies genius, power and magic."
...And stick with anthropology. It won't make you rich, and it is in fact hard to find a full-time job in the field, especially when higher education is relying more and more on adjuncts, but it's the most interesting subject in the world, and it opens a thousand doorways into new insights.
...And if you're an undergraduate, especially a freshman, find ways to make the material you're studying your own: make a chart, draw a picture, rewrite in your own words, explain what you're trying to learn to someone else. Learning involves changing the physical properties of your brain. Most things worth learning, most complex and interesting things, don't get into your brain just by reading, or passively listening to a lecture.
...And if you're going for a Ph.D., there comes a point where it's not about how smart you are. It's about never giving up. Remember, in the end, there are only two kinds of dissertations: Done. And Not Done.
Hawks: Some of my readers remember your work on human brain evolution, in particular, the pattern of evolution of the cerebellum compared to the rest of the brain. I find myself looking your 2005 PNAS paper a lot, because like much of Ralph Holloway's work it shows that brain reorganization has been a major aspect of our evolution. How did that work come about?
Weaver: I've been thinking about it, too, especially in the context of your recently published paper. (Congratulations!!!) My work provides support for the hypothesis that the human brain continued to evolve after 30,000 years ago. It also suggests that an element of that evolution involved a reduction in the relative size of the neocortex and an absolute and relative increase in cerebellar volume. Surprisingly, it looks like the neocortex of recent humans is actually smaller in proportion to the rest of the brain than it was in either Neandertals or early modern humans.
Since the PNAS paper was published, I have become interested in the concept of "distributed cognition" as the selective context for continued brain evolution. My hypothesis is that cerebellar algorithms enable contemporary humans to manage the massive information available in complex cultures more efficiently. I'm also intrigued by the fact that the cerebellum is in a computational loop with the dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex, the last cortical region to reach adult proportions, in late adolescence (Giedd 2004). Maturation of the dorso-lateral prefrontal correlates with Piaget's terminal stage of cognitive development, which he called "formal operational" thinking, along with other behaviors associated with impulse control, planning and problem solving -- all survival skills in contemporary human societies.
The original impetus for the cerebellum research came from the same motivation that attracts me to historical/prehistorical fiction. I started out wanting to know how our ancestors thought, how they interacted, how they perceived the world, how it felt to "be there". Which meant looking at their brains. Which led me to Ralph Holloway.
Ralph once said that an endocast resembles a baked potato. Even so, through his meticulous work over the past forty or more years, he has managed to squeeze a few drops of blood from those stones. His work was particularly inspiring to me because from his earliest writings Ralph de-emphasized the frontal lobes and went beyond what John Searle called "cortical chauvinism."
Then I read Leiner, Leiner and Dow's 1986 paper, "Does the cerebellum contribute to mental skills?" the same summer I took gross anatomy at UNM Medical School as part of my Ph.D. requirements. Leiner et al. wrote about the possible contribution of the cerebellum to a broad range of cognitive tasks. Since then, a huge volume of literature has addressed the cerebellum's role in cognition.
Unlike most other functional regions of the brain, the cerebellum occupies a discrete compartment in the endocranium, the posterior cranial fossa, which is measurable in an endocast. I did a little pilot analysis using rudimentary linear measurements (e.g. from Kochetkova 1978). It looked like there might be significant variation in relative cerebellar size among fossil hominids. So I wrote to Ralph, and he invited me to his Paleoneurology Lab at Columbia.
Ralph and his students, especially the gracious and generous Michael Yuan, were very supportive of my work and sanguine about my prolonged intrusion with a monster digital scanner.
Hawks: Do you have some scientific projects you're working on, or are you full-time writing?
Weaver: I am writing a lot, as well as volunteering with local organizations dedicated to improving science education in our schools. I am also hoping my new web site (http://www.voyageofthebeetle.com) will evolve into a substantial resource for teachers, with classroom activities as well as an "Ask Rosie" e-mail feature.
Hawks: You were a student of Erik Trinkaus and Joseph Powell at the University New Mexico in Albuquerque. What was that like? Any stories you can relate about your training?
Weaver: I had an opportunity to begin graduate school as a "non-traditional" student when I was in my forties. It was a stroke of fortune that my first class was with Erik Trinkaus. I still remember the "Wow" moment when he talked about how you could look at the shape of a bone and extrapolate its function. Erik's knowledge, his academic integrity, his intellectual creativity, and his rigorous insistence on sticking to the evidence bowled me over. They still do. It was a transformative encounter.
When Erik left UNM for Washington University, Joe Powell agreed to be my committee co-chair. Joe is a skilled statistician, which was a great help. And though he was battling a severe illness at the time he was my advisor, he was very supportive.
Lawrence Straus was my third mentor and committee member at UNM. I loved taking his classes. He has an encyclopedic knowledge of the European Paleolithic. Lawrence has long emphasized the cultural continuity between the Middle and Upper Paleolithic and de-emphasized the idea of an Upper Paleolithic "explosion." His perspective on the archeology gave an important context to my neurocognitive analysis. And I appreciated his generosity in including me in field work at the magnificent El Miron Cave, near Santander in northern Spain one summer.
Leiner HC, Leiner AL, Dow RS. 1986. Does the cerebellum contribute to mental skills? Behavioral Neuroscience 100:443-454.
Kotchetkova VI. 1978. Paleoneurology. Halsted Press, New York.


I think social media ads will work in an entirely new way where we users will become the brand ambassadors. The future wont be CPMs, CPCs and CPLs based on irritating banners.
The reason for me saying this was coz I think the best way of promotion is through word of mouth. No ad on any medium can ever bring in the trust factor which your word of mouth brings in to your network of friends. I have a set of friends who share the same taste of mine in movies. I normally ask them before going for a new movie and I only go if any of them say its a good watch.
Now a days, even before someone asks, I share on Twitter and Facebook that I'm watching this movie and right after the show I say whether I liked it or not. This broadcast of mine is actually helping some friend of mine in my list to decide on whether to watch this movie or not and then pass it on to his friends. The same happens before buying a soap, a car or an apartment.
To make this work, the brands just need to make sure that I tweet about the product; good or bad; just to broadcast which may also start a conversation.
1. May be using Blippy. Blippy is a service which reads my credit card transactions in real time and broadcasts it; it can Tweet and post to Facebook too. Brilliant but very controversial idea coz of security and privacy issues. Like my Who's that girl app!!
2. May be when I check in my location using the Google local store QR code, Foursquare, Gowalla, and Loopt. The moment I check in my store presence it tweets. The QR code can also be on the bill so pointing at it can tweet that I have bought something.
3. May be I can have a SocialMedia card, when swiped at the point of sales would tweet my purchase details. The same way I do with my store/brand membership cards. I will have a lot of control over my broadcast this way and its simpler.
Why should I tweet about my purchase?
Coz someone will reward me for doing this. But who? The brand of course or the network depending upon the model. All brands reward their ambassadors but in this case it will be peanuts compared to the money they pay celebrity endorsers.
In the above SocialMedia card model, the brand can give me loyalty points when I swipe my card which I can redeem at my future purchases. This way the brand also makes sure that I come back and use whatever they have given me to again buy things from them.
In the Google QR code check in model Google can pay me per check-in (CPCI). Every check in means that I have visited the store and I have tweeted about it.
My friends who trust my views, see my tweet/facebook post and strike an opinion about the product which will then influence their purchases.
The brand can now advertise their products on Twitter/Facebook to a highly targeted group of people, in this case my friends, who now are more likely to buy their products. It can also work more like a personalized recommendation engine instead of mindless irritating banners.
Three of your close friends watched 3 Idiots and loved the movie. Book your tickets now!!
Me: Get paid or gain reward points for broadcasting my usage/purchase.
My friends: Get trust worthy opinions from me before buying something.
Twitter/Facebook: Will make money as highly targeted and effective advertising platform.
Brands: Spend less money in effective promotion. Make more money by selling more products.
Word of mouth should not be rewarded. It works because someone liked something.


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A camera trap captured this photo of an American marten on Bear Island in the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore.
Photo courtesy of Erik Olson/Northland College
Scientists Seek To Solve Marten Mystery On The Apostle Islands
Researchers Hope To Identify Origin Of The State's Endangered Mammal
By Danielle Kaeding
Thursday, October 26, 2017, 7:45am
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Spotting the American marten in Wisconsin is no easy task. So, it's no surprise that park officials at the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore initially doubted what they were seeing when visitors shared photos of the mammal that's endangered in the state.
"In 2010, this photo was taken and it was just said, 'Well, that's a fisher,'" recalled Ken Pemble, cultural and natural resource technician with the park. "Nobody expected there to be martens so you're not looking for them. (But in) 2015 we look at that photograph again and it was definitely a marten."
The small, rare member of the weasel family was completely wiped out in Wisconsin during the early 20th century as the result of trapping, habitat loss and wildfires. The state began a program to bring back the marten in the 1950s when state conservation workers reintroduced a handful of animals on the Apostle Islands.
That attempt was believed to be a failure until visitor photos surfaced and researchers captured shots of the marten with camera traps on the islands.
"We just coincidentally had a carnivore project going on," said Erik Olson, associate professor of natural resources at Northland College in Ashland. "That then documented them on Stockton Island. That led to a whole bunch of questions: Where are they in the islands? Where do they come from and what's the relative abundance across these islands?"
Now, students and researchers at Northland College and the University of Wisconsin-Madison are working with the National Park Service, as well as state and tribal agencies, to solve that mystery on the Apostle Islands.
Olson and his students have been maintaining camera traps and collecting scat in the park to see how far the martens' reach extends. So far, they've found martens on at least seven of the 21 islands within the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore.
Northland College professor Erik Olson works with a trap camera. Danielle Kaeding/WPR
The trips often mean hikes through difficult terrain as a number of the islands are covered in thick underbrush and downed trees. But, Olson said that's just the kind of habitat the American marten prefers.
"The shrub layer here is really abundant and that's partially because of the history of deer browse out here … there's been very little deer browse out on these islands," he said, referring to types of foliage deer typically eat. "You have things like white cedar saplings, white hemlock saplings and Canada yew – species that deer normally feed on pretty heavily – especially during the winter. They're relatively abundant out here on these islands. You don't see anything like this on the mainland really."
Olson said the habitat on the islands may be one reason why martens seem to be doing well in the park.
"It's kind of wild to think about the fact that there may be a decent-sized population out in this Apostle Islands area. And how they're related with the mainland marten is that big question, what their origins are," he said.
Researchers will extract DNA from scat and hair samples to try to answer that question. This fall, UW-Madison began a four-year project to find out whether martens on the Apostle Islands are relatives of those that were introduced in the 1950s. It's also possible the animals came from a group of martens that were reintroduced into northern Wisconsin's Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest, according to Jon Pauli, assistant professor in the Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology at UW-Madison.
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"We have this … place now that, cryptically, sometime from somewhere has been populated, been colonized," said Pauli.
Pauli said they hope to understand when and how the martens arrived on the islands, how many exist and whether the population of martens on the islands is any different from the population in the Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest — where the UW-Madison professor has been studying marten populations. Since the 1970s, around 200 marten have been introduced in both the Chequamegon and Nicolet portions of the national forest.
"Unfortunately, the Chequamegon doesn't seem like there's a whole lot of martens and it seems like because it's a small population size it's really susceptible to disappearing," said Pauli. "It's not necessarily super viable."
He said the Nicolet side appears to have more martens, and they've been learning more about their origins. Learning more about martens in the Apostle Islands could reveal a lot about recovery efforts in Wisconsin, according to Pauli.
"It's a really important and interesting comparison," he said. "If we can maybe understand why the marten on the Apostle Islands appears to have grown and be doing apparently OK, what the differences then are from that system to these other places where growth hasn't been nearly as sharp."
Those are important questions for people who want the species to thrive. The marten is a clan animal for Ojibwe tribes, according to Jonathan Gilbert, a biologist with the Great Lakes Indian Fish and Wildlife Commission.
"In Ojibwe society, their families are divided into various clans, and each clan has a role and a responsibility within the Ojibwe society. The marten clan is the clan of the warriors. These are the people that would defend the village from invaders," he said. "They're the hunters in the village going out, gathering food and providing it back to the people in the village and the protectors of that village. As a clan animal, they are revered in that way."
The animal's success could also have economic implications for Wisconsin. In other states, martens are trapped for their fur, according to Jim Woodford, section chief in the natural heritage program with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources.
"There's martens across the northern hemisphere, and they're known as sables in Russia. They're a very important fur-bearer from our trapping heritage, and they're one of the most widely trapped fur-bearers in the world," said Woodford. "There's an economic reason to recover them in the state. That's one of our long-term goals."
Meanwhile, Northland College's Erik Olson has his own goal in mind. Despite years of tracking the animal's movements, he still hasn't seen the marten with his own eyes.
"I think my first instinct would be to try to take a picture or a video of it," he said. "But, I think after I thought about it, maybe we just need to kind of watch the animal for a while."
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"In early 2015, the Northwest Cider Association ("NWCA") introduced the 2015 State of the NW Cider Industry ("Prior Survey") report. The goal of the initial report was to work towards compiling data from prior year production to generate an annual report for the industry. From this starting point, the longer-term goal for the NWCA has been an annual update with greater member participation and identification of possible trends. It was widely agreed that such a report would be useful to Cider Association members in communicating information about the industry to the media and other interested stakeholders.
The Prior Survey was distributed during the summer of 2015. Of the 72 NWCA members polled, 45 responded with partial or full data based on their 2014 operations, with only 15 of those respondents fully completing the survey.


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Dorothy wanted to soften the signs of facial aging. She selected the QuickLift face lift to gently lift the sagging skin along the lower region of her face. Injectable wrinkle fillers were used to add more youthful volume and fullness to her face as well.


Global equity markets advanced during the past week, as some U.S. economic releases improved at the margin and China's currency (the yuan) stabilized after the country's central bank ended weeks of silence by downplaying the need for further yuan weakening. Also supporting the week's gains was a midweek rebound in commodity prices following an agreement between Russia, Saudi Arabia, and other major oil exporters to freeze output at January's levels. Oil later retreated to end the week with a modest gain.
In the U.S., the S&P 500 Index reclaimed positive territory in February by rising about 2.9% for the holiday-shortened week, underpinned by its biggest three-day gain since last August. Europe's STOXX 600 Index was in even better form, surging 4.5% (in local terms), its best week in over a year. In Japan, the Nikkei Index rose 8% (in local terms), erasing much of the previous week's 11% slide, while stocks in China also rallied.
U.S. and European stocks snap two-week losing streak.
High-yield bonds easily outperform other fixed-income assets.
Inflationary pressures appear to be building, raising the odds of a Fed rate hike later this year.
Increased U.S. demand for oil, coupled with a slowdown in domestic production, should lead to higher oil prices.
While we remain cautiously optimistic about equity markets, uncertainty will likely continue.
Despite fixed-income volatility, there is value to be found in non-Treasury sectors.
Current updates to the week's market results are available here.
U.S. Treasuries traded within a relatively narrow range. After beginning the week at 1.74%, the bellwether 10-year Treasury yield rose to 1.81% by midweek amid lessening demand for safe-haven assets before falling to 1.76% on February 19 as investors' risk appetite faded.
Based on Barclays indexes, returns for most U.S. "spread sectors" (non-Treasury fixed-income assets that include agency, corporate, mortgage-backed, and other types of securities) ranged from mildly positive to slightly negative amid ongoing negative fund flows. High-yield bonds gained almost 2% for the week through February 18, moving in sympathy with higher equity and oil prices.
First-time unemployment claims dropped to 262,000, a three-month low, and the less-volatile four-week moving average also fell, by 8,000, to 273,250.
Housing starts unexpectedly declined 3.8% in January, while building permits, a forward-looking indicator, dipped 0.2% but were up 13.5% compared to a year ago.
Homebuilder confidence slipped in February from January's upwardly revised reading, according to the National Association of Home Builders/Wells Fargo Housing Market Index. Although builders reflected consumers' concerns about recent negative economic trends, fundamentals are in place for sustained growth in the housing market.
The index of leading economic indicators published by The Conference Board dipped 0.2% in January but still suggests that the U.S. economy is on track for moderate expansion.
Regional manufacturing improved slightly but stayed weak, according to the Philly Fed and Empire State manufacturing indexes. In contrast, industrial output topped forecasts by climbing 0.9% in January, the first increase since last July.
U.S. consumer prices were unchanged in January but rose 1.4% compared to a year ago. Stripping out volatile food and energy costs, so-called "core" inflation increased 0.3%, the biggest one-month gain since August 2011, and 2.2% over the past 12 months. This reading, in addition to January's stronger-than-forecast producer price index gains and the overall increase in wages, supports our view that inflationary pressures are building, raising the odds of a Fed rate hike later this year.
The market's rebound during the past week could be viewed as an indication that U.S. economic conditions are normalizing. At the same time, while we remain optimistic, it's too early to proclaim an end to the market volatility that has driven the S&P 500 Index down by almost 15% since its May 2015 high. Investors must still grapple with the possibility of further rate hikes by the Federal Reserve and an uncertain U.S. corporate earnings outlook. However, recent declines in market rates have triggered a weaker dollar, which supports both export activity and bolsters S&P earnings.
On another positive note, manufacturing—while still struggling—is showing "green shoots" of recovery, bank loans are rising, and the U.S. labor market continues to be a bright spot. Retail sales data has also shown signs of vigor, although a recent third-party survey of retailers fell sharply, possibly in connection with the sharp stock market sell-off. This again underscores the importance of sentiment to the health of the economy.
In fixed-income markets, volatility has created potential buying opportunities. Our fundamental analysis has identified value on a selective basis in emerging-market debt, high-yield corporate and investment-grade bonds, and structured products such as asset-backed and commercial mortgage-backed securities. Moreover, the environment for finding attractive yield is among the best we've seen in recent years, supporting our ability to find compelling returns even if volatility persists and bond spreads don't tighten.
As for China, we expect that Beijing 's attempt to engineer the country's transition to a consumer-based economy will continue through targeted monetary easing and infrastructure spending, along with programs designed to support the housing market. Policymakers face the added challenge of stemming capital flight, which puts pressure on the yuan and forces the government to spend its reserves. Losing control of outflows and the yuan would put further pressure on both the Chinese and global economy. Europe, one of China's leading trading partners, would be especially vulnerable.
TIAA-CREF Asset Management provides investment advice and portfolio management services to the TIAA-CREF group of companies through the following entities: Teachers Advisors, Inc., TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC, and Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association® (TIAA®). Teachers Advisors, Inc. is a registered investment advisor and wholly owned subsidiary of Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association (TIAA). Past performance is no guarantee of future results.
Foreign stock market returns are stated in U.S. dollars unless noted otherwise.
Please note that equity and fixed income investing involve risk.


Since the Mac's inception typography has played a monumental role at Apple. Designing the first digital typefaces for the Mac was influenced by the analog world and later sparked a war between Adobe. The progress made at Apple in developing typefaces has formed digital typography into it what it is today. The info graphic I designed, or as I like to call it, the "typographic" below shows the Apple's history of typography from the early 80's to today.
The bit on TrueType is both editorializing and generally wrong. Postscript fonts could not be displayed on-screen without Adobe's ATM software; TrueType could be displayed on the screen and print. For this reason it _succeeded_ in the home/business desktop publishing area. The pros would use Type 1 fonts (and Type 3) for quite some time more, but everyone else was using TrueType.
Bob, TrueType could display rendered Type 1 fonts on screen.