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Avio Aero for the Sky
The commitment for environment and the ecosystem by Avio Aero leaders and people has a name, and thank to some initiatives and projects it aims at flying high across always cleaner skies.
Paola Andreozzi
The goals for the reduction of CO2 emissions coming from the Paris Agreement have become an integral part of our company's business practices and in terms of sustainability, we have started a careful reflection on the role we want to play to be advocates for change.
Unfortunately, electric propulsion is not the only short-term solution to the air transport challenge. In fact, turbojets will still be the heart of the propulsion systems that will fly aircraft in 10 years' time, although the architecture will be innovative and minimize CO2 emissions.
Therefore, adopting a systemic approach to the product development, the process efficiency and the people culture is the way to build a truly sustainable future, step-by-step. Driven by deep corporate sensitivity for Avio Aero employees to be involved strongly, the "Avio Aero for the Sky" initiative was established with the aim to support concrete projects in favor of the environment, both inside and outside the organization.
In fact, the people who work in the company are the first torch bearers for "green culture" values, guiding management's choices through active dialogue, shared decisions and reports. It is thanks to these that, for example, a small but significant investment has already been made to reduce the use of plastic in all the group's plants, starting in the company cafeterias.
Additionally, with this past Christmas, a collaboration was begun with Treedom that calls for planting 300 trees to help offset our CO2 emissions. This will allow us to return to Nature a heritage of trees that aids in maintaining biodiversity and allows us to breathe cleaner air.
In fact, boosting the planet's "green lungs" is one way to reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide and to preserve our ecosystem. In addition to entrusting the planting directly to local farmers and thus promoting microeconomics, Treedom is the only digital platform in the world that allows you to plant a tree from a distance and to follow it online. Each forest, or tree, has its own online page, is geolocated and photographed and, thanks to these features, gets people involved by creating a community of individuals with a common goal: to make the planet green!
But that is not all: part of Avio Aero's sustainability strategy lies in the ability to mobilize forces outside the organization that can bring combined value to the company. To do this, the "CEO's call to action" launched by CSR Europe also includes our collaboration because working with other companies, institutions and civil society is the way to accelerate achieving the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
"Alone, an single individual cannot not solve the entire problem," as stated by our CEO, Riccardo Procacci, in his statement of commitment to the environment. "Every contribution an individual can make in their daily life contributes to the achievement of the UN's SDGs. Institutions have a duty to make laws to fight uncontrolled pollution. Manufacturing companies must have the will to convert production to be environmentally friendly. As citizens, we can choose to adopt virtuous behavior and to value businesses that protect nature."
Central page image is courtesy of Treedom.
The power of attitude
The "International Day of People with Disabilities", with the initiatives in our offices and the story of Giulia Lamarca, wheelchair travel blogger and ambassador for in-flight accessibility.
Flying Women
Donatella Ricci, astrophysicist and pilot, tells her story of a life in the clouds and a personal flight record that put her among the women of aviation and kicked-off her illustrious career.


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William Willimon is a great preacher, listed oftentimes as one of the ten best in the whole United States. But even though he is a great preacher, he was surprised when a student one time took him seriously and decided to actually act on something he heard in a sermon. Brad was a graduate student in engineering and one day came into the chaplain's office to tell Willimon he had contacted a Christian mission organization about going to work for them in the African nation of Sudan. He had done some research and learned there was a great need in South Sudan for someone with his engineering skills. He said he wanted to serve Jesus by serving the people there. Brad said he was deeply moved by one of Rev. Willimon's sermons, and believed the Holy Spirit was calling him to the mission field.
Matthew 4:19a — "Come, follow me," Jesus said.
Matthew 19:29 — (Jesus said), "Everyone who has left houses or brothers or sisters or father or mother or wife or children or fields for my sake will receive a hundred times as much and will inherit eternal life.


Mt 5:10 "Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness' sake, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Mt 5:11 "Blessed are you when others revile you and persecute you and utter all kinds of evil against you falsely on my account. Mt 5:12 Rejoice and be glad, for your reward is great in heaven, for so they persecuted the prophets who were before you.


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Jon Peddie Research is committed to obtaining valuable insight for their clients by gathering feedback from both external and internal customers. We are contacting you to collect your opinions on remote graphics and virtual workstations and to better understand your needs, awareness, and usage of these solutions. We would appreciate if you could take about 10 minutes of your time to fill in the survey and tell us about your experience. Your comments will help us understand the interest in this new technology. Your answers will remain entirely confidential and will only be viewed as compiled responses to the surveys. We recognize that your time is valuable, and so we are holding a raffle at the conclusion of the survey (May 23rd).


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New 5470 Z wheel loader for the construction industry
Schäffer presents the 5470 Z, a new wheel loader in the 0.8 m3 class, at this year's Bauma. The completely redesigned machine has a revised boom geometry with Z kinematics, giving an optimised view of the attachments such as the earth shovel and pallet fork. A spacious new cab also contributes to better all-round visibility. The 5470 Z, which weighs five tons, meets all the requirements of exhaust emission level Stage V and thus significantly reduces pollutant emissions.
The new wheel loader is powered by a Deutz engine with 45 kW (61 PS), and there is also a 55 kW (75 PS) option available. Both power ratings meet exhaust emission level Stage V through the use of a diesel oxidation catalyst and a diesel particulate filter, giving a significant reduction in soot particles and nitrogen oxides around the machine.
Maximising visibility was a key driver for the redesign of the boom and cab. The low front end and the narrow boom, combined with the raised seating position of the driver, provide an ideal view of the attachment. The lifting height of the loader is 3.25 metres with a lifting force of 3.6 tonnes. The particularly strong Z kinematics on the tool cylinder ensures high breakout forces. The new cab is more roomy and offers more space for boarding and working.
The very high working pressure of 510 bar in the drive provides high thrust forces and improved agility, with the benefit of further efficiency and fuel saving use of the loader. The standard speed is 20 km/h, the machine is also available with 30 km/h as an option. Long-term cost savings are possible thanks to the Schäffer's standard multi-disc brake, which runs in an oil bath and is hermetically sealed, reducing maintenance to a minimum. The working hydraulics have an output of 65 l/min with the option to increase to 74 l/min with the larger engine.
High Traction Force (HTF) and Schäffer Power Transmission (SPT) deliver technical innovations and additional driving comfort. HTF automatically regulates the thrust so the loader can supply the highest possible thrust even in a high gear. This eliminates the need to switch to first gear, for example when driving into a pile of gravel. SPT is an electronically-regulated drive adapted to the torque of the diesel engine, so operating costs decrease as the diesel fuel consumption is reduced. The optional potentiometer acts as cruise control and the loader keeps a constant speed automatically and independently from the motor speed – especially convenient when working with a broom.
Schäffer electric loaders contribute to cleaner air in Paris
New compact loader 2630
Schäffer 24e: Wheel loader with lithium-ion battery
Browse Schäffer press releases in the news archive.
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The Holon Mediatheque is an all- encompassing cultural hub, comprising five exciting institutions under one roof: The Mediatheque Public Library, The Mediatheque Theatre for Children and Youth, the Holon Cinematheque, Design Museum Holon and the Israeli Cartoon Museum.
The Mediatheque, opened in 2004, has gained local and international recognition for its high quality, multidisciplinary activities, and has become a focal point for people of all ages, from Holon and from all over Israel. The magical synergy between the Mediatheque components is a key element in fulfilling the center's aim, which is to influence the relationship between culture, environment and the community. Each is a unique institution in its own right, but all work together to benefit and strengthen each other.
The Mediatheque building is an impressive architectural structure, a colorful urban celebration of colors and shapes, designed by B. Baruch and Y. Salamon Architects. The municipality invested $23 million in its construction.
Since its inception, the Mediatheque has been developing its different disciplines and diversifying its activities in a way that is helping expand young people's cultural horizons. The Mediatheque is part of the education and cultural renewal program that has been overseen by Holon Mayor Moti Sasson and General Manager Hana Hertsman since 1994.
The Mediatheque building houses three exceptional centers: The Mediatheque Library, Holon Cinimatheque and the theatre for children and youth.
The Mediatheque Theatre for Children and Youth
The Mediatheque Theater, with three different halls, is Israel's first permanent home for children's theater. It produces five or six new quality productions for young people every year; some are based on classic Israeli and international literature, while others are original plays. These plays also go on the road, performing before audiences all over the country.
The Mediatheque Theater, in cooperation with the annual Israel Festival in Jerusalem, produces a major international festival for children and youth in Holon, held in late May-early June. Theater companies from all over the world participate in this festival, most of them with wordless plays that transcend the language barrier.
As part of its global outlook, the Mediatheque Theater also produces and markets plays designated for international festivals abroad, both independently and with the help of ASSITEJ International (International Association of Theater for Children and Young People).
Emil and the Detectives
(Photograph: Yossi Zwecker) International Festival for Children and Youth
The Emperor's New Clothes
(Photograph: Yossi Zwecker) (Photograph: Yossi Zwecker)
Holon Cinematheque
Holon's Cinematheque promotes a love for the art of movie-making by exposing its audience to the world's cinematic abundance from diverse eras and genres. Screening over 40 films a month in two theaters, it offers a unique experience for everyone, emphasizing full interaction with the audience.
The Cinematheque is also committed to exposing audiences of all ages to animation as a cinematic genre and technique, and it screens short animated films at the beginning of many of its showings. The Cinematheque promotes the creation of short animated films by staging an annual competition called MaraToon, and maintains an animation archive, which aims to collect, register and document all Israeli animated works. The Cinematheque has a free DVD lending library.
The Mediatheque Library
The Mediatheque Library is a dynamic 21st century information center, the state-of-the-art incarnation of Holon's main public library, which was established in 1956.
The library contains information repositories and unique collections that integrate sophisticated and updated technology alongside high-quality cultural and enrichment activities.
The children and adult lending sections offer extensive collections of books in Hebrew, English, French, German, Romanian, Russian and Spanish. The library also offers a language laboratory equipped with computer programs and books for learning several languages. The music section offers thousands of compact discs from a wide range of musical styles – classical, folk, pop and rock. There is also a wide selection of movies in DVD format.
The Current Events Corner has daily newspapers, popular magazines and more. The Reference sections include printed documents, academic periodicals as well as materials on a wide variety of subjects stored on an electronic database. Services, such as magnifiers for the visually impaired, are provided to special-needs populations. A special section offers services to individuals with learning disabilities. There are some 80 computers available for visitors' use on-site, while an interactive website enables you to explore the library from the comfort of your own home, to browse the sections and ask questions of the professional library staff.
The Mediatheque also operats sevem library branches, which provide services to all the neighborhoods of Holon. All seven neighvorhoods' branches are well equipped with books, computers and professional guidance.
Address: 6 Golda Meir St.
Tel.:972-3-502-1555
Fax: 972-3-502-1544
Email: Customers@mediatheque.org.il
Website: www.mediatheque.org.il


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Jamie Lee Curtis on HALLOWEEN and the Unbreakable Laurie Strode (Interview)
by Katie Walsh
Oct 3 2018 • 7:00 AM
When Jamie Lee Curtis auditioned for the role of Laurie Strode in John Carpenter's 1978 film, Halloween, she never anticipated the character's decades-spanning and era-defining role. Playing Laurie was simply a job for a struggling young actress looking for work. Though initially linked to the the final girl trope, Laurie has grown to represent the broad spectrum of feminine power and resilience.A character borne both from Carpenter and Curtis, the Laurie of 40 years ago has long been a cultural touchstone. But Curtis doesn't put too much stock in how Laurie's been often imitated over the years. Instead, she focuses on the way that her struggle against Michael Myers has resonated throughout the character's life and the unanswered questions of that struggle now. "How does she live for the rest of her life, having survived that traumatic moment?†she asks.
Written by David Gordon Green, Danny McBride and Jeff Fradley, the Halloween of 2018 is a radical slasher film that reverses and reinterprets the original film through the lens of intergenerational trauma with the addition of two new characters, Laurie's daughter Karen, played by Judy Greer, and her granddaughter Alyson, played by Andi Matichak. The paranoid Laurie has lived in fear of Myers for decades, and though Karen has resisted her mother's overprotective nature, all of Laurie's worst fears come true, and her obsessive preparation comes in handy.We recently caught up with Jamie Lee Curtis, to talk about the new Halloween, the scene in the script that didn't make it into the movie, the character direction she got from John Carpenter 40 years ago, and what it means to place the power in Laurie's hands now. "Flip it and reverse it–the Missy Elliott song,†she laughs. "That's why I said yes.â€Nerdist: Watching the three generations of women come together in Halloween made me really emotional. What it was like for you to invite these women into your Strode lineage?Jamie Lee Curtis: The intent of the movie, my intent, was to peel back the layers of real trauma, real, generational trauma and expose what it looks like. My job, from the beginning, was to tell the truth. I worked hard to make sure that the viewer felt what Laurie has been through.It helped that that was the intent of the filmmakers, and that the writing was very strong. But there are moments that aren't written here. You just have to feel it, because words are cheap and feelings are worth a billion words. There had to be real feelings here, and that was my job.
What was your reaction to the script?The reason I said yes was because the script [had a scene]—and it's not even in the movie—the script opened with Alyson running, jogging through Haddonfield on a morning run because she's on the track team. Then she came home, said hi to her mom, and went up to her room to change for school. She opened the louvered closet door in her room and pulled the string with the bare bulb. That's when I knew what David and Jeff and Danny had done. That they had immediately put the reader back in Haddonfield 40 years later, with the descendents of the trauma, and yet seemingly they were all fine, but we were back in the closet 40 years later.There was something so simple and so beautiful about it. Then meeting the journalists and hearing the history through them, the way a Greek chorus serves. That too made me go, "oh my god that's beautiful.†And they're fucking British, which is just perfect because they're so out of their element. Two British journalists, staying in a motel in Haddonfield, digging up old bones to try to suck the marrow out of them, to make a penny, under the bullshit auspices of trying to uncover new insights. Which is just another way of saying, "I'm going to suck your blood.â€When you were making the original film with John Carpenter, what initially drew you to Laurie as a character?Nothing. There was a script; they were meeting actresses; I was an actress. They were making a movie and there were three parts for girls, and they were having me read for the part of the high school brainiac. Done. What drew me to it was begging for a job–there wasn't a moment of contemplation. I didn't have the job, I got the job, took the job, did the job. There's no deep thought attached to it.
Laurie has become this archetype in horror films: the final girl.But all of that is a construct of replication and repetition. A trope only becomes a trope when it's replicated. If you're the source material, if you're the headwater of a trope, you're the original, you're the OG, and therefore you don't have to answer anything about it. The people that have to answer to the trope are the people that replicate from it.Was there anything that John Carpenter said to you about Laurie when you were filming that helped you get a bead on the character?The character's on the page, it's right there. I didn't need anybody to tell me who she was; I knew. The only thing he kept insisting was vulnerability, over and over again. Vulnerability, vulnerability, vulnerability. The V word is what he definitely encouraged from me.Michael Myers' desire to kill and Laurie's desire to survive are two immovable forces. It's this dichotomy of survival and she's the ultimate survivor.Michael Myers has an overwhelming desire to kill, and Laurie Strode has an overwhelming desire to survive. And that's why we're here.
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Home Beach Volleyball science: Physicist/beach player Heureux examines the float serve
Volleyball science: Physicist/beach player Heureux examines the float serve
By Ed Chan -
The float serve, when hit well, confounds opponents.
Pete Heureux, who graduated with a degree in physics from California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo (Cal Poly), is not only an avid beach player for more than 20 years, he's our go-to guy to break down the float serve.
We asked him to examine the physics of the float serve: What makes a serve float and how a server can maximize float. What follows might be more than you ever considered about serving a volleyball and perhaps information that might just make you a better player.
Pete Heureux is not only an avid volleyball player but a physicist and student of the game/Ed Chan, VBshots.com
Watching the video of Dalhausser serving four aces in a row at Long Beach inspires me to improve my serve, but I have to be realistic. If I put all my energy into a hard-hit jump serve I'd have nothing left over for the rest of my game. At 53 I also need to be kind to my shoulder if I want to play for another 30 years.
But I still want those aces!
I love it when I contact the ball just right and it sails smoothly to the net then starts moving all over the place. The changes in my opponent's facial expressions give me great satisfaction as his emotions pass from confidence, to focus, to concern then rapidly through alarm, panic and despair. Watching this unfold is so distracting that I often forget to run back into the court to defend against the one-over that is the best offense the other team can hope for.
If only I could do that every time. Problem is that I have no idea how I did that serve in the first place, other than to hit it flat so it doesn't spin.
The high-speed top-spin serve is daunting, but at least it is predictable. Anyone who has had to face a typical jump serve knows how the ball behaves. It dives. The faster it is coming or spinning the quicker it plummets toward your feet or drops behind your shoulder. The physics of the jump serve is straight forward. As the ball rotates with top spin it drags more air under the ball, which must move faster than the air on top to get by in the same amount of time.
Bernoulli's Principle states that faster air has lower pressure so more air pressure on top and less on the bottom forces the ball down. A player has less time to react to a jump serve but one can still develop intuitive responses to the predictable flight path.
By contrast, the physics of float serve guarantees that you cannot know where it is going to go. A non-rotating ball is subject to the unpredictable interactions between drag, lift, and a narrow window of opportunity called the "drag crisis." With a better understanding of the details of these forces we can begin to improve our intuition of how to manipulate the two things we can control on a float serve; the contact speed and angle. Once it leaves our hand we trust physics to take over to generate the ace for us.
Air moving past a sphere travels in a 'laminar flow' as the speed of the moving air increases from zero. Friction between the ball and the moving air causes a boundary layer of air to form close to the surface.
At very low speeds the air that touches the ball does not move at all (with respect to the ball), from the leading edge to trailing point. As it rubs against the next layer the air is slowed down. The thickness of a boundary layer is measured by how far away from the surface the air speed is the same as the air before it contacts the ball (the straight lines in figure 1). The "drag coefficient" is a measure of how tenaciously the air sticks to the surface of the ball. When the ball is moving faster through the air is more difficult for the air to hold on the trailing edge. As these molecules lose their hold the ball becomes less sticky and the drag coefficient decreases.
Eventually there comes a speed where the boundary layers are no longer able to hold together at all and they break away, somewhere along the trailing edge of the ball. This state is called "turbulent flow." (see figure 2)
After the ball is fully into the turbulent state, the drag is significantly reduced. The transition from laminar to turbulent flow is known as the "drag crisis." There are many factors that contribute to determining at what speed a particular ball will suffer this dramatic change. The size and shape of the ball, the smoothness of its surface, the air it travels in as well as the weather all interact in a complicated way that cannot be predicted, only measured, in a wind tunnel. Physicists have combined many of the factors that contribute to this change of state into a single figure they call the "Reynolds Number." The Reynolds Number (Re) accounts for the mass density and viscosity of air (which depend mostly on temperature), the diameter of the ball, and the speed of air passing over its surface in the following relationship.
While all of these factors can change from day to day or from ball to ball it is the speed that makes the biggest difference from one serve to the next. The velocity at which a sphere reaches true turbulent flow is called the "critical speed." For a typical volleyball the Reynolds number at the critical speed can vary from 170,000 to 300,000. Numbers like those are hard for me to feel intuitively so for practical purposes I will instead refer to the ball speeds they represent, which gives us a range between 10 meters per second and 25 m/s, respectively. Since the slowest you can serve a ball from the baseline and expect to get it over the net is about 12 m/s and the best pros can launch a jump serve around 30 m/s this is the range in which a float serves must exist.
When the scientist in me looks at the graph below I see a world of information about the physics of a sphere in flight. As a volleyball player I am struck by one thought: My opponents are in big trouble next time I step up to serve.
Figure 3 describes the results of wind tunnel tests done in Japan back in 2010 on the aerodynamics of a new volleyball designed by Molten. The graph shows the relationship between the drag on a sphere and the speed of air moving across it, specifically in the range we are interested in. Takeshi Asai and his colleagues from various universities around Japan found that a perfectly smooth sphere (thick dashed line, above) went through an abrupt drag crisis in the neighborhood of 25 m/s going from a very high drag coefficient to a very low one. The conventional volleyball they tested, a Molten MTV5SLIT (thin dashed line above), finished with a similarly low drag but with a critical speed significantly lower than the reference sphere. Their newest ball, a Molten V5M5000 with the honeycomb patterned surface, began with similar characteristics to the standard ball but had lower critical speed and higher final drag. Though they did not publish the details, the Japanese engineers also tested the new Mikasa MVA200 dimpled ball and found it had a critical speed slightly lower than the conventional ball.
In order to explain my new-found serving confidence let's take a look at how drag coefficient tells us what forces will be acting on the ball after it leaves our hands. The force exerted on the ball due to drag is dependent on a number of things.
The most important thing to notice is that the drag force goes up as the speed squared. That means that twice as much speed turns into four times as much drag! Now if we rearrange Newton's second law (F = ma; force equals mass times acceleration) we see that the acceleration (well, really the deceleration) of the ball is
Taking a look at figure 3 again imagine that we strike the ball hard so that it starts with a higher medium speed, say 22 m/s. Drag will cause the ball to slow down (moving your finger along the solid line from right to left) until it reaches the critical speed. At that moment (hopefully just as it crosses the net) the drag suddenly increases dramatically, the ball seems to fall out of the sky, and your opponent curses while diving to the sand.
The variability of air friction during flight alone would be enough to make for an effective serve but there is more. Drag is not the only force in play during the drag crisis and turbulent flow. The same wind tunnel tests done by Asai and his team also showed forces perpendicular to the direction of travel, which scientists call 'lift'. Unlike an airplane wing, a volleyball is radially symmetric so lift can be in any direction around the ball at a right angle to the path of its flight.
While in laminar flow the boundary layer is uniform and so there are no lift forces measured on the smooth sphere or either type ball. Figure 5 below is a comparison of lift forces to Reynolds number for the Molten balls. During the wind tunnel tests the balls experienced a sharp, unpredictable sideways force at the drag crisis and then a small but steady lift under turbulent flow.
The collapse of the boundary layer at the beginning of the drag crisis causes a chaotic swirling of air in the wake of the ball as each small vortex breaks free from the surface. At Peking University in China, Wei Qing-ding and his team believe that the random nature of the creation of these vortices causes the separation line (a ring around trailing side represented by the dashed line in figure 2) to form off-axis to the flow, which probably accounts for the lift we see at higher speeds. Asai speculates that the orientation of the ball panels controls the direction and force of deflection.
One guy I play with is convinced that striking near the valve affects the direction a float serve will drift. Regardless of the cause, it is clear that even if you hit the ball fast enough that is stays in turbulent flow, the effect of lift will cause the ball to veer left or right, float long, or add to the downward effect of gravity.
And my favorite zig-zag serve? Wei also found that early in the drag crisis there is a narrow range of velocities where the boundary layer can shed vortices from alternating sides (see Figure 6) causing the lift force to switch back and forth from one side to the other.
When you put all these factors together the result is an unpredictable serve? But just how unpredictable is it?
Asai and company used an impact-type ball ejection device to launch non-rotating volleyballs with precise contact speed and angle to answer this very question. They ran tests on the two styles of Molten balls and the Mikasa dimple ball. Each was served twenty times and with three different panel orientations. The very tightest landing zone they achieved was one meter wide by two meters long (area A in figure 7 below) for the honeycomb ball struck on the main panel. Most other balls and orientations resulted in a possible area about 1.5 m by 4m (B). The Mikasa ball, struck perpendicular to the panels, could be expected to land anywhere inside an oval five meters long! And that is with no wind.
Now that we know what happens to the ball in a float serve, and have some idea of why it moves around during its flight, how do we make it happen? Let's quickly review the physics.
1. Volleyballs experience a drag crisis (a jump from low to high drag) as they slow down. The speed at which this happens is dependent on ball type and air conditions. Smoother balls have a higher speed drag crisis. Higher air temperature equals a lower critical speed.
2. During higher speed turbulent flow a volleyball will experience both drag and perpendicular lift which increases as the square of the velocity.
3. The unpredictability of a float serve is from 1 to 5 meters of landing area.
4. All of the effects listed above ONLY occur with a non-rotating ball.
What should we do when we step up to the line to serve?
1. Eliminate rotation! Even the smallest tumble reduces lift and restricts it to the direction of rotation. Spinning also forces the state of turbulent flow, keeping drag coefficient in the region above the drag crisis.
2. Assess your equipment for the best way to get your ball to pass through the drag crisis.
a. Smooth balls can be served faster than rough balls
b. Bigger, lighter balls can be served faster than smaller heavier balls
c. Off-panel contact may result in more movement.
3. Assess how the conditions will affect movement
a. A headwind can be served into faster to get more lift and drag but a tail wind can be served slower and closer to the drag crisis.
b. Standing back from the service line gives more time for lift and drag to move the ball around but slower serves from the baseline are easier to control when targeting the critical speed.
c. Serve slower when it is hot and faster when it is cold if targeting the critical speed.
4. Choose your ball trajectory to account for the range of movement.
a. Higher arc serves start and finish faster because of gravity. Perpendicular movement may be a bit greater as the ball is falling down from a height but drag only slows the ball down without changing its trajectory. Flat serves are easier to manipulate because they rely almost entirely on contact speed.
b. Aim inside the lines. Float serves are supposed to move. Target your landing spot at least 1 meter from the sidelines and 2 meters from the net or baseline.
5. Eliminate rotation!! It bears saying again. In my experience the harder I strike the ball the more difficult it is to hit it just right. The closer I stand to the baseline the softer I can make contact and the more precisely I am able to target the center of the ball.
Since researching this article my float serve is generating many more aces. I am better able to see the changes in ball movement. Slowly my intuition for how the wind and feel of the ball and my position will combine to create the most unpredictable results. Now I just have to stop watching my beautiful float serve and hustle into my defensive ready position.
1. Asai T., Ito S., Seo K., Hitotsubashi A. (2010)Aerodynamics of a New Volleyball. In 8th Conference of the International Sports Engineering Association, Procedia Engineering 2, Elsevier.
2. Wei Q.D., Lin R.S., Liu Z.J. (1988) Vortex-induced dynamic loads on a non-spinning volleyball. Fluid Dynamics Research 3, North-Holand.
Volleyball science
Pete Heureux
float serve
Bernoulli's Principle
drag crisis
turbulent flow
drag coefficient
boundary layer
critical speed
Takeshi Asai
MTV5SLIT
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MVA200
Wei Qing-ding
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John Ready March 6, 2017 at 4:42 pm
In serving my float serve, I have always copied Ron Von Hagen who hit the ball on the valve. My theory is the valve is a slightly heavier spot on the ball. To fly straight, an arrow has the heaviest spot in front. Reverse that putting the heavy spot in back and the ball goes wacky. This is empirical knowledge only by observation. Hey, it worked for Von Hagen!
Pete Heureux March 9, 2017 at 6:08 am
Having a weight int the back is actually stabilizing. that is why kites have tails. An arrow has mass in the front to punch momentum into the target. It is the high drag on the tail feathers that keeps it stable.
Mike Garrison March 6, 2017 at 6:29 pm
Your description of why the drag drops at higher Reynold's numbers is wildly wrong. It is not because the separation reduces the drag. The separation actually causes almost all the drag. The reason for the drag reduction is because a turbulent boundary layer will delay the separation compared to a laminar boundary layer. Higher Re means turbulent boundary layer which means smaller separation which means less drag.
Thank you for thinking critically about the science. I don't understand what you mean by the term 'separation'. As mentioned, higher speed (Reynolds number) means that a larger surface area of the ball is in turbulent flow and thus cannot contribute to drag. Figure three is very clear (not theory, but actual measurement); highest drag is during full laminar flow where no kind of 'separation' could be thought of to exist.
Alicia Matthew July 18, 2017 at 9:32 am
Matt BenDaniel March 8, 2017 at 12:21 pm
1. Can the ball vibrate significantly after the serve contact? Doesn't that make its trajectory less predictable?
2. Aren't serves passing within a few inches over the top of the net harder to pass?
3. For the passer, can the ball's trajectory be tracked better if it is off to one side, rather than right on center?
1. If you are referring to oscillations caused by the ball returning to its normal shape after the contact deformation then probably not. The ball is stiff enough to be 'critically damped' and should return to normal in a few milliseconds.
2. I used to think that before doing this research. After paying closer attention to float serves lately I can actually see the drag crisis happening. In general it happens at around the time in the ball's travel when it is about half way there, even 10 feet above the net.
3. That is very true with respect to drag. That is why it is important for your partner to give you information if the serve is coming at you short or deep.
Gary Hutt December 13, 2017 at 3:53 am
Really enjoyed this article Pete. Very insightful and delivered in an easy to understand way, especially like the practical tips! I'll be reposting, if that's ok? Thanks for sharing!
The average Aces in a National Volleyball Championship Set – Pivot to Catamounts – sport data from WCU students April 16, 2019 at 6:45 pm
[…] This article gives you data and analysis on a specific type of serve, which is the floater. As I previously mentioned a floater is a serve that does not spin. It is called a floater because it moves in unpredictable ways, making it difficult to pass. In this article, it is saying how he wants to get aces, but he must find out the best way for him to do so. He wishes he could do it all the time, but the only problem is that he does not remember how he got the last one. There is no way to know where the ball is going to go once it leaves your hands you just let physics take over and hope for an ace. The data in this article is mainly focused on what you need to do in order to increase your ace average. There is not a lot of relative findings for my topic when researching. I mainly just found the NCAA where I collected my data. (https://volleyballmag.com/floatserve/) […]
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Australian Government Launches An International Blockchain Trial With Singapore
The Australian government has launched an international blockchain trial with Singapore to promote blockchain to public servants, as the latest action in a series of pro-blockchain efforts.
It has been reported that the Australia Border Force (ABF) launched a blockchain trade trial in collaboration with Singapore Customs and Singapore Infocomm Media Development Authority to test digital verification systems.
Michael Outram, the Commissioner of ABF, said:
"This initiative will incorporate paperless trading and secure, digital exchange of trade information as part of the future architecture and design of an Australian Trade Single Window."
However, the Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Australian Industry Group, and financial institutes across Australia and Singapore, including ANZ, will take part in the trial.
The Border Force will convey its findings from this project to the Supply Chain Working Group. The pilot program is part of the National Blockchain Roadmap led by Chloe White from the Department of Industry, Science, Energy, and Resources.
ALSO READ : IBM Trials Blockchain Solution For Bangladesh School Teachers' Pension System
On November 5, DISER also launched the Australian Public Servant blockchain network in line with the Blockchain Roadmap.
The Australian government continues to drive blockchain adoption, launching a public service blockchain network and trialing an inter-government document exchange https://t.co/hjbIOQOQeC
— Cointelegraph (@Cointelegraph) November 26, 2020
Likewise, the network is a way to "uncover who are the public servants that are interested in blockchain." The community for blockchain enthusiasts will be open to any public servants that are interested in the technology.
Thus, the report stated:
"It's a first step in delivering on Signpost seven of the National Blockchain Roadmap: raising awareness across the APS."
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US Representative Ted Budd Sponsors New Piece Of Legislation To Create Task Force On Combating Terrorist Financing Via Cryptocurrencies
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Christian mentioned it to me some time ago, but I completely forgot to mention it in my blog. Totem was on Heroes, in the midst of all that KDE desktop.
You can see the very recognisable old-school window icon by Jimmac, as well as the distinctive menu entries. We don't have the nifty equaliser bits showing on the right implemented though.
I was also really excited when I saw it : "fortunately, there's Heroes so I can still view a Mandriva box running..."


text:
Academy for Jewish Religion > About AJR > Faculty & Administration > Our Faculty
Weaving together the strands of Judaism.
The following lists members of the Faculty for the Academic Years 2017 – 2019, or those who have an ongoing teaching commitment to the Academy for Jewish Religion.
Rabbi David Almog, Liturgy, Codes
PhD Candidate, The Jewish Theological Seminary of America; Rabbi, Yeshivat Chovevei Torah; B.A., Columbia University/The Jewish Theological Seminary of America; Melton Lead Educators' Program, Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Campus Rabbi, Columbia/Barnard Hillel; Teaching Assistant, The Jewish Theological Seminary of America. Adjunct
Yifat Avner, Hebrew
Studied Sociology and Advertising at Haifa University; Certified Nurse Aid, Manchester Community College; Hebrew Instructor at University of Hartford; Hebrew Teacher at Congregation Kol-Haverim in Glastonbury, CT, Adjunct
Rabbi Julie Hilton Danan, Rabbinics
PhD, University of Texas at Austin; Rabbi, ALEPH Rabbinic Program; AAPC Pastoral Care Specialist, Ecumenical Center for Religion and Health; M.A., University of Texas at Austin; B.A., Tel-Aviv University. Rabbi of Pleasantville Community Synagogue, Pleasantville, NY, 2015-. Instructor in Rabbinic Texts, ALEPH Rabbinic Program, 2016. Dr. Danan has formerly served as a rabbi of congregations, and as an instructor at universities, in California and Texas. She is the author of The Jewish Parents' Almanac (1994) and of numerous articles. Adjunct.
Ilana Davidov, Hebrew Language
Director of Hebrew Studies, Academy for Jewish Religion; Honorary Doctorate in Pedagogy, The Jewish Theological Seminary of America; MA, Applied Linguistics, Columbia University; BA, Hebrew Language and Literature, Tel Aviv University; Teaching Certificate and Teaching License, Tel Aviv University. Full-time
Stanley Dorn, Musical Skills
BA, New York University, MM (Master's of Music), Mannes College of Music. Guitar studies with Alexander Bellow, Roselyn Dlugin, Eliot Fisk. Theory studies with Robert Cuckson, L. Poundie Burstein, David Loeb, Carl Schachter. Member, The Americas Vocal Ensemble. Chair, Guitar Department, Mannes Preparatory Division. Faculty, Mannes Extension Division. Adjunct
Arline Duker, LCSW, Professional Skills
M.S.W., New York University; M.A., Teachers College, Columbia University; B.A., Barnard College; Licensed Clinical Social Worker, NJ; Certification by the American Society of Clinical Hypnosis; Adjunct Associate Professor of Social Work, NYU. Adjunct
Yakir Englander, Theology and Gender Studies
Ph.D, Jewish Philosophy, Hebrew University; M.A, Jewish Thought, Hebrew University; B.A., Psychology, Hebrew University; Visiting Scholar in Jewish Studies Department, Rutgers University, Author of several books and articles on the topics of Gender and Sexuality, and the Middle East Conflict. Adjunct
Will Friedman, Talmud
Rabbinic Ordination, Yeshivat Chovevei Torah; Ph. D Candidate, Jewish History and Culture, Harvard University; MA in Talmud and Rabbinics, Jewish Theological Seminary; BS in Computer Science, MIT. Director, Eisenfeld/Duker Beit Midrash at the Jewish Theological Seminary
Rabbi H. Rafael Goldstein, Professional Skills
Min., Hebrew Union College; Rabbi, The Academy for Jewish Religion; B.S.W., Columbia University. Executive Director of Neshama: Association of Jewish Chaplains. Formerly: Director of Clinical Services, Center for Spirituality and Health, Mount Sinai Health System; Director of Spiritual Care and Education, Mount Sinai Medical Center; Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Part-time rabbi, Jewish Center of Norwich, NY, and several positions in Jewish Federation work. Author of Being a Blessing: 54 Ways You Can Help People Living with Illness, among other books and articles. Adjunct
Cantor Meredith Greenberg, Drumming and Chanting
Cantor, The Academy for Jewish Religion; B.A., Vocal Performance, Manhattan School of Music; Hazzan/Spiritual Leader of Temple Ner Tamid, Bloomfield, NJ. Adjunct
Rabbi Jill Hackell, MD Philosophy (Bio-Ethics)
Rabbi, The Academy for Jewish Religion; M.A. in Judaic Studies, Gratz College; M.D., Johns Hopkins University; B.S., Tufts University; Certification, American Board of Pediatrics. Adjunct
Rabbi Jill Hammer, Midrash
See Administration & Staff biographies.
Rabbi Eric Hoffman, Talmud
Doctoral study in Talmud, Hebrew Union College, Cincinnati; Rabbi, MA, Hebrew Union College, NY; BA, The Johns Hopkins University, Post-graduate study in rabbinics, The Hebrew University and Neve Schechter, Jerusalem. Adjunct
Rabbi Jeffrey Hoffman, Liturgy, Rabbinics
Rabbi Heidi Hoover, Conversion
Rabbi, The Academy for Jewish Religion; M.A. in Jewish Studies, Gratz College; B.A. Creative and Professional Writing, Carnegie Mellon University; Rabbi of Temple Beth Emeth v'Ohr Progressive Shaari Zedek, Brooklyn, NY; Formerly: Rabbis without Borders Fellow; Sacred Stories Project; Guest Blogger for The Lutheran Magazine; Publishing Technologist
Dr. Renee Holtz, Education
PhD, Education, Fordham University; M.S. in Education, Johns Hopkins University; M.A. and B.A. in Judaic Studies, Baltimore Hebrew University; Professional Diploma, Educational Leadership, Manhattanville College; NYS Education Permanent Certification, School Administration and Supervisor, Special Education, Pre-Kindergarten, Kindergarten, and 1-6. Coordinator of Academic Support, Middle School and High School, Solomon Schechter High School of Westchester. Adjunct.
Dr. Job Jindo, Bible
PhD, The Jewish Theological Seminary of America; M.A., Harvard University; B.A., The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Berkowitz Fellow at NYU Law School. Full-Time.
Cantor Robin Joseph, Cantorial
Cantor, The Academy for Jewish Religion; BA, Dramatic Literature, Purchase College of the State University of New York. Cantor Joseph has been associated with Temple Beth Shalom in Hastings, New York, for more than thirty years. She is also a professional songwriter and writes, directs, and acts in original plays with her husband, Albi Gorn. Adjunct
Cantor Michael Kasper, Cantorial
Rabbi Peg Kershenbaum, Hebrew
Rabbi, The Academy for Jewish Religion; Doctoral study in Classics, NYU and City University of New York; M.A. in Classics, Columbia University; B.A. in Greek and Classics, Brooklyn College. Outreach Fellow, Union for Reform Judaism. Formerly: Adjunct Lecturer, Brooklyn College Department of Classics; Continuing Education Instructor, City University of New York, Foreign Language Institute. Adjunct
Cantor Lisa Klinger-Kantor, Nusah
Rabbi Leonard Levin, Philosophy, Personal Theology
Rabbi, PhD, Jewish Theological Seminary; PhD, Brandeis University; BA, University of Pennsylvania. Author of Seeing With Both Eyes: Ephraim Luntshitz and the Polish-Jewish Renaissanceand Why God Is Subject To Murphy's Law; translator of Eliezer Schweid: The Classic Jewish Philosophers and Philosophy of the Bible and Isaac Heinemann: The Reasons for the Commandments; collaborated with Gordon Tucker on A.J. Heschel's Heavenly Torah. Adjunct
Eric Miller, History
PhD candidate, The Jewish Theological Seminary of America (degree expected 8/2016); MPhil., The Jewish Theological Seminary; B.A., Queens College; Adjunct Professor, SUNY-Stony Brook. Adjunct.
Rabbi Geoff Mitelman, Philosophy, Professional Skills
Rabbi, Hebrew Union College; M.A.H.L., Hebrew Union College; B.A., Princeton University. Founding Director, Sinai and Synapses; former rabbi of Temple Beth El of Northern Westchester, NY. Adjunct.
Eden Pearlstein, Mysticism
M.A. in Jewish Thought, The Jewish Theological Seminary of America; M.A. in Jewish Education, The Jewish Theological Seminary of America; B.A., The Evergreen State College. Creative Consultant, Yeorvelah, Boulder, CO; Educator, Lab/Shul, NY; Creative Manager, Iyyun Kollel, Brooklyn, NY; Publishing Associate, Ohr Chadash, Mevo Modiim, Israel; Publishing Associate, Iyyun Center for Jewish Spirituality, Brooklyn, NY; Co-Founder and Executive Director, Darshan Project, Brooklyn, NY. Adjunct.
Rabbi Michael Pitkowsky, Rabbinics
PHD, Jewish Theological Seminary, Rabbinic ordination, The Schechter Institute of Jewish Studies, BA, SUNY Binghamton. Adult Education Educator at Conservative Synagogue Adath Israel of Riverdale; Formerly, Adjunct Assistant Professor at HUC, Adjunct Assistant Professor, the Jewish Theological Seminary.
Dr. Ora Horn Prouser, Bible
Rabbi Robert Scheinberg, Bible, Liturgy
Rabbinic Ordination, M.Phil., M.A., Jewish Theological Seminary; B.A., Columbia University. Rabbi, United Synagogue of Hoboken, NJ Adjunct
Joshua Schwartz, Rabbinic Theology
Ph.D Cadidate, New York University, M.A., Philosophy, New York University; B.A., Religion, Columbia University; B.A., Bible and Rabbinics, The Jewish Theological Seminary; Formerly, Adjunct Faculty, New York University; Adjunct Faculty, Chicago Theological Seminary; Instructor, Drisha Institute. Adjunct
Rabbi Jeffrey T. Segelman, Professional Skills
Rabbi, M.A., The Jewish Theological Seminary of America; B.H.L, Boston Hebrew College; B.A., Boston University, Rabbi of the Westchester Jewish Center, Mamaroneck, NY. Adjunct
Dr. Samuel Torjman Thomas, Music
BA in Woodwind performance and Jazz Composition, Berklee College of Music. PhD in Ethnomusicology, City University of NY. A multi-instrumentalist (saxophone, clarinet, flute, nay, oud, frame drums, and piano) and educator for many years in elementary, secondary, and post-secondary school settings focusing on jazz, Arab and Jewish musical traditions, and improvisation and composition.
Susan Werk, Professional Studies
MA in Jewish Education, Jewish Theological Seminary; Held leadership roles in the Jewish Education Association's Principals Forum, the Conservative movement's Jewish Educational Assembly, and the Coalition for the Advancement of Jewish Education; Educational Director, Congregation Agudath Israel. Adjunct
Tzemah Yoreh, Bible
Rabbi, International Institute for Secular Humanistic Judaism, Phd in Bible, Hebrew University, ABD, University of Toronto. Adjunct
Tzvee Zahavy, Rabbinics
Rabbi, Yeshiva Unidersity; PhD in Religious Studies, Brown University, MA in Jewish History, Yeshiva University; BA in Mathematics, Yeshiva College. Books include The Traditions of Eleazar Ben Azariah, The Mishnaic Law of Blessings and Prayers: Tractate Berakhot, The Talmud of the Land of Israel: Tractate Berakhot, Studies in Jewish Prayer, The Talmud of Babylonia: An American Translation: Tractate Hullin, 3 volumes.
Cantor Sol Zim, Nusah
Cantorial study at The Jewish Theological Seminary; M.A., New York University; B.A., Brooklyn College; Cantor, Hollis Hills Jewish Center (since 1964, life tenure); master-cantor, master coach, educator, concert performer, international recording artist of twenty cassettes and cd's featuring all original music; Zimray Ent., Publisher, eleven books of original music used by rabbis, cantors and educators, The Cantors Assembly has endorsed Cantor Zim's Musical Siddur: Shabbat as the standard synagogue music of Conservative congregations throughout America. Full-time
Rabbinical Program Goals
Cantorial Program Goals
M.A. Program Goals
AJR Administration & Staff
Visiting AJR – Directions


text:
'American Idol' recap: Top 14 compete in tame 'Wildcard' round
MacKenzie Bourg performs on "American Idol."
(Ray Mickshaw / Fox)
By Amy Reiter
This week, "American Idol" is set to reduce the Top 14 (chosen by the judges) to the Top 10 (only partly chosen by the judges). For reasons that are not entirely clear (at least, to me) they're calling it the "Wildcard" round. Really, Wednesday's show was all quite tame, if a bit hurried.
While the rest of us were still absorbing quirky contestant Jenn Blosil's bedazzled eyebrows, the judges immediately put their four favorite singers – Dalton Rapattoni, Olivia Rox, Trent Harmon and La'Porsha Renae -- straight through to the Top 10, giving them "fast passes," in the show's vernacular.
COMPLETE COVERAGE: Saying farewell to the competition show that changed television
That left the 10 remaining contestants to compete for the remaining six spots. Each of them was subsequently summoned forth to sing – a snippet of a song they had previously sung on the show – and was given a very brief critique, usually by only one of the judges.
Manny Torres showed off his energy and enthusiasm with Stevie Wonder's "Master Blaster," which Keith Urban called a "great way to open the show," even though it may not have been "the right song" for Torres.
Pop-star offspring Gianna Isabella put some power behind Annie Lennox's "I Put a Spell on You," prompting Jennifer Lopez to declare that the teen was "coming into [her] own," that she showed the "most potential for growth" and that she believed she belonged in the Top 10.
Designated heartthrob Thomas Stringfellow ("T. String," Seacrest has cutely dubbed him) finally pushed his squeak-at-the-end-of-the-phrase thing so far Harry Connick Jr., couldn't help mention it. "There's a difference between an idiosyncrasy that you have that makes you unique and a bad habit," Connick chided, telling them he simply had to stop it with the "annoying" voice-crack routine. "It's too much all the time unless you're the lead singer for the Cranberries," Connick said, drawing a response from the crowd.
Tristan McIntosh said that, as a young woman of color, she wants to bring "diversity" to country music, and then tried to make it happen with Rascal Flatts' "What Hurts the Most." "Beautiful song choice," Urban said, adding that he felt McIntosh had shown a side of herself we hadn't seen before.
Looking lushly coiffed and tastefully made up, Avalon Young charmed her way through Chris Brown's "Yo (Excuse Me Miss)," a performance Lopez called "smooth like butter."
Jenn Blosil put her vocal color and character, as well as those eyebrows, on vibrant display with Cyndi Lauper's "True Colors." Connick dug it big-time, calling it "a flawless lyric delivery."
Lee Jean didn't stake any fresh ground with his rendition of Ed Sheeran's "Make It Rain," but he did offer a reminder of his lithe vocal style. Urban detected some "nerves," but complimented the young singer on his "chill," "laid-back" vibe, which he compared to "walking on a shelly Eastern beach."
Sonika Vaid easily mastered Celine Dion's "I Surrender," and earned a standing ovation from Lopez. "I don't think I ever got goosies on my face" before, Lopez told her. "The way your voice sits in the music, it's so out of this world."
Jeneve Rose Mitchell continued to showcase her unusual approach to music with her offbeat take on Johnny Cash's "Ring of Fire." Connick admitted that, although Mitchell's talent may not be to everyone's taste, he found it "compelling" and "interesting." "It may take some people a little bit to catch up to it," he told the fresh-faced 15-year-old, "but you are a very talented young lady."
MacKenzie Bourg's performance of his own song, "Roses," proved much more accessible, and probably more widely appealing. It certainly appealed to Urban, who gushed that it was "a great song" and that Bourg had sung "great" and "played great."
On Thursday, we'll get a visit from Season 1 winner Kelly Clarkson – and find out which singers will be the last ever "American Idol" Top 10. If I had to pick six of these 10 singers to keep around, I'd choose (in no special order) Blosil, Vaid, Bourg, Young, Isabella and Jean and send home Torres, Stringfellow, McIntosh and Mitchell. (I could maybe see swapping McIntosh for Isabella.)
America will make its preferences known soon enough.
And the best 'American Idol' is ...
'American Idol' recap: 12 more sing in speedy solo round
'American Idol' recap: Singers dig into duets; five more get ditched
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In the "Veronica Mars" panel at Comic-Con 2019, Hulu announced that its revival of the series premieres today — instead of July 26, as originally planned.
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Kevin Bacon, starring in Showtime's 'City on a Hill,' just turned 61 but isn't slowing down. Instead he's playing a Really Bad Guy.
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Kathy Griffin made $75 million making people laugh. But the phone's not ringing
The comedian angered Hollywood and the right with a bloody Trump photo. Armed with a new doc, she's staging a comeback


The new National Security Strategy runs to nearly seventy pages but the most important are the first three. Those three pages give the groundwork for understanding the rest. In only a page-and-a-half it sketches the basic principles it intends to follow. It does so using well-known touchstones in American rhetoric. It asserts ideas that have been foremost in the American vision of liberty by law, a liberty defended as much by limiting the power of the Federal government at home as by asserting its might abroad.
Already by the second page it is ready to move from philosophy to history, drawing in broad strokes the way in which these principles made American success "neither inevitable nor accidental." To say it was not inevitable is to reinforce the claim that America overcame significant hurdles: the document mentions the Civil War, the struggle for human equality, the slaughter of the two world wars, and the Cold War. To say that American success was not accidental is to say that the principles laid out at the beginning of the document are what drove America's ability to overcome its challenges. American success is thus essential to America, and not an accident: it follows from what America is all about.
My guess is that members of the Foreign Policy elite will encounter these first pages as a kind of boilerplate, even trite. Notice, though, that those two pages lead directly to a third page that repudiates the whole living body of American foreign policy thought. Everything since Ronald Reagan is rejected in two short paragraphs which explain exactly what four successive administrations got wrong.
Success, however, bred complacency. A belief emerged, among many, that American power would be unchallenged and self–sustaining. The United States began to drift. We experienced a crisis of confidence and surrendered our advantages in key areas. As we took our political, economic, and military advantages for granted, other actors steadily implemented their long-term plans to challenge America and to advance agendas opposed to the United States, our allies, and our partners.
We stood by while countries exploited the institutions we helped to build. They subsidized their industries, forced technology transfers, and distorted markets. These and other actions challenged America's economic security. At home, excessive regulations and high taxes stifled growth and weakened free enterprise—history's greatest antidote to poverty. Each time government encroached on the productive activities of private commerce, it threatened not only our prosperity but also the spirit of creation and innovation that has been key to our national greatness.
If an ordinary member of the Foreign Policy elite had taken the first two pages to be boilerplate, they would find themselves suddenly defenseless against the first half of page three. Whether they are a liberal internationalist, a neoconservative, or even an international socialist, their worldview has been rejected. Its rejection is shown as a natural consequence of America's founding principles and her history. What follows in the next sixty-plus pages is supposed to be an approach that is more coherent with American principles and history.
We will examine the document in detail. The point I want to make initially is simply that this is a document of significant intellectual polish. It is quite difficult to spell out a coherent philosophy in a few brush strokes, let alone to show in just a few more how the history is informed by the philosophy that you painted.
This polish should be encouraging to all Americans. The document's main author is one Dr. Nadia Schadlow, brought on to the National Security Council originally to write it. If you are a Trump critic, you should be encouraged by her resume. The Trump administration has sometimes been criticized for favoring the ideas of wild-eyed radicals, enemies of the elite yet lacking the education or experience to replace the elite. Dr. Schadlow is not among these. She has an elite education and career, from Cornell to Johns Hopkins' School of Advanced International Studies. She is widely published, and has had a career of incrementally-ascending positions of responsibility. She was trained in the elite's way, and then embarked on a career in which she proceeded at each step to show herself capable of her duties. She has exposed her ideas to public criticism throughout her career. In this way she has earned the trust of National Security Advisor H. R. McMaster and Secretary of Defense Jim Mattis. Her polish shows off the skills that she has developed in the course of her education and career. She has earned her position, and she is exactly the right person to be writing this document. That should matter to you even if you disagree with her ideas.
If you are, on the other hand, a Trump supporter you should also be encouraged by her polish. No one could explain the ideas as smoothly or as confidently as she does if they did not understand them. Her elite education and background has not divided her from the best ideas that brought Trump's team to Washington. Nor, clearly, does she disdain them. She has undertaken to be their advocate at the highest levels. She is a valuable ally in translating those concepts into a working strategy.
The National Security Strategy is only the first part of a long process in realizing a President's vision. As we all know who have been there, too, no plan survives contact with the enemy. Having a good plan is nevertheless a solid first step. In the coming days the Security Studies Group will be working through the details with you, our readers.


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text:
Chiva-Som re-opens after six-month renovation
by Jane Kitchen | 07 Nov 2018
Architecture firm Designrealization Siam Co. Ltd, has developed a modern and fresh take on the wellness destination
Thai wellness destination Chiva-Som reopened on 1 November after a six-month closure to complete the third of four stages of the resort's first major renovation since its opening 23 years ago.
The latest aesthetic and hardware developments include a complete overhaul of the Thai Pavilions, Emerald Room, Orchid Lounge, Library, Fitness Centre and Niranlada Medi-Spa.
The refurbishment is being overseen by Krip Rojanastien, chair and CEO of Chiva-Som International Health Resort, who together with architecture firm Designrealization Siam Co. Ltd, has developed a modern and fresh take on the wellness destination.
In line with the resort master plan, the hallmarks of which are contemporary and comfortable interiors, the new look is realised with materials such as local sustainable teak, silk and bamboo.
The Fitness Centre has increased in size to incorporate a larger gym area and a separate stretching space with an array of new cardio equipment, functional and non-functional training equipment as well as a private training room and two fully renovated dance and Pilates studios.
The Kinesis Room has been renamed the Re-functional Studio, home to a private Neurac Room, Functional Assessment room and boasting brand new equipment including a BIODEX 4 PRO Isokinetic Dynamometer to help with rehabilitation, leg mobility and balance, as well as preparing the body for more strenuous exercise.
Further additions are the versatile and space-efficient Queenax functional training equipment; a unique suspended body weight training system and an Electrical Muscle Stimulation system (Vision Body) to help reduce exercise-induced joint damage and aid recovery.
Chiva-Som's 'Total Golf Enhancement' retreat also launched 1 November, aimed at developing guests' overall game. This new retreat is suitable for players of all levels and provides expertise in specialist areas, such as Golf Fitness Training and Golf Biomechanics. In addition to golf-specific inclusions, guests will also enjoy related treatments in essential areas, such as post-game muscle recovery, relaxation and skincare.
The Niranlada Medi-Spa has evolved from its original clinical design to become warm and tranquil. The consultation room will provide greater privacy during body assessments and a new makeup room has been added.
The Thai Pavilions have been made brighter, lighter and more spacious, creating a serene, calming space which reflects the tranquility of the resort. A new room category, the Thai Pavilion Suite, features an outdoor pantry and its own outdoor private glass-walled sala, a private space for around six guests set amid the tranquil gardens for private meals, meditation or relaxing.
The Orchid Lounge has undergone a complete makeover to become an inviting and sociable spot in which guests can enjoy afternoon-tea, interact, welcoming also a piano, pond-side seating and an open juice bar. The Library has also become airier and the new home of the retail shop, whilst the Guest Relations Desk has moved to a more private part of the resort.
Chiva-Som renovation wellness destination Thailand
Chiva-Som enhances its six modalities ahead of November reopening
Thai Destination spa Chiva-Som will add to its results-driven treatments, enhancing its six modalities to complement the extensive remodelling of the resort in Hua Hin, which is due to re-open in November. Rooms, suites and public areas will reveal a
Chiva-Som employees help local initiatives while developing skills
Chiva-Som International Health Resort in Hua Hin, Thailand, is closed for six months while it has been undergoing the third of four phases of an extensive remodelling, but its employees remain dedicated to a long-standing policy of championing environmental awareness
Chiva-Som closes for six-month renovation
Thailand's famous Chiva- Som International Health Resort has closed its doors for a six-month period to embark on its next phase of renovations. The resort, which will reopen on 1 November 2018, begins the third of four phases of its
Thai wellness destination Chiva-Som reopened on 1 November after a six-month closure to complete the third of four stages of the resort's first major renovation since its opening 23 years ago. The latest aesthetic and hardware developments include a complete overhaul of the Thai Pavilions, Emerald Room, Orchid Lounge, Library, Fitness Centre and Niranlada Medi-Spa. The refurbishment is being overseen by Krip Rojanastien, chair and CEO of Chiva-Som International Health
SAB,CPW,CAS,ARC,DES
Blu Spas, Inc.
Blu is a full-service firm offering consulting, advisory and operating solutions.
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The architect behind Nimes' Musée de la Romanité on designing to counter loneliness and the need for more cultural buildings
Wellness: Mountain magic
"Wellness embraces the entire holiday experience"
The design of the newly-opened Lefay Resort and Spa Dolomitti in Italy aims to celebrate and protect its spectacular surroundings
Profile: Daan Roosegaarde
"I want to demonstrate that creativity is our true capital as humans "
Rather than feeling fearful and helpless about the future, we must design a way out of the environmental problems we have created, argues the innovative Dutch designer, artist and inventor Daan Roosegaarde
Interview: José Alminaña
"We are committed to designing evocative landscapes informed by the best environmental science"
The Andropogon principal on pushing the boundaries of landscape design for the benefit of humans and nature


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text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using FluentAssertions;
using NWheels.Kernel.Api.Extensions;
using NWheels.Microservices.Runtime;
using NWheels.Testability.Extensions;
using Xunit;
using Xunit.Sdk;

namespace NWheels.Testability.Tests.Unit
{
    public class MicroserviceProcessTests : TestBase.UnitTest
    {
        [Fact]
        public async Task RunBatchJob_Success()
        {
            //-- arrange

            var environmentMock = new OSEnvironmentMock() {
                Platform = OSPlatform.Windows
            };

            var processMock = new OSProcessMock(
                new OSProcessMock.StdoutStep("Hello world"),
                new OSProcessMock.DelayStep(50),
                new OSProcessMock.StdoutStep("DONE"),
                new OSProcessMock.ExitStep(exitCode: 0));
            processMock.Starting += assertStartInfo;
            processMock.InputClosed += AssertInputNotClosed;

            //-- act

            var microserviceProcess = new MicroserviceProcess(@"MyProject\my.csproj", processMock, environmentMock);
            await microserviceProcess.RunBatchJobAsync(new string[0], TimeSpan.FromSeconds(20));

            //-- assert

            processMock.AssertEndOfScript();

            void assertStartInfo(ProcessStartInfo startInfo)
            {
                startInfo.FileName.Should().Be("dotnet.exe");
                startInfo.Arguments.Should().Be($@"run --project {PathUtility.ExpandPathFromBinary(@"MyProject\my.csproj")} --no-restore --no-build");
            }
        }

        //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        [Fact]
        public async Task RunBatchJob_BadExitCode_Throw()
        {
            //-- arrange

            var environmentMock = new OSEnvironmentMock() {
                Platform = OSPlatform.Windows
            };

            var processMock = new OSProcessMock(
                new OSProcessMock.StdoutStep("Hello world"),
                new OSProcessMock.DelayStep(50),
                new OSProcessMock.StdoutStep("FAILED!"),
                new OSProcessMock.ExitStep(exitCode: 12));
            processMock.InputClosed += AssertInputNotClosed;

            var microserviceProcess = new MicroserviceProcess(@"MyProject\my.csproj", processMock, environmentMock);

            Func<Task> act = async () => {
                await microserviceProcess.RunBatchJobAsync(new string[0], TimeSpan.FromSeconds(20));
            };

            //-- act & assert

            await act.ShouldThrowExceptionAsync<MicroserviceProcessException>(because: "process returned non-0 exit code");
        }

        //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        [Fact]
        public async Task RunBatchJob_OutputReadException_Throw()
        {
            //-- arrange

            var environmentMock = new OSEnvironmentMock() {
                Platform = OSPlatform.Windows
            };

            var testException = new Exception("TEST-ERROR");
            var processMock = new OSProcessMock(
                new OSProcessMock.StdoutStep("Hello world"),
                new OSProcessMock.DelegatingStep(onStdoutLine => throw testException));
            processMock.InputClosed += AssertInputNotClosed;

            var microserviceProcess = new MicroserviceProcess(@"MyProject\my.csproj", processMock, environmentMock);

            Func<Task> act = async () => {
                await microserviceProcess.RunBatchJobAsync(new string[0], TimeSpan.FromSeconds(20));
            };

            //-- act & assert

            var exception = await act.ShouldThrowExceptionAsync<MicroserviceProcessException>(because: "failed to read process output");
            exception.InnerException.Should().BeSameAs(testException);
        }

        //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        [Fact]
        public async Task RunBatchJob_Timeout_Throw()
        {
            //-- arrange

            var environmentMock = new OSEnvironmentMock() {
                Platform = OSPlatform.Windows
            };

            var processMock = new OSProcessMock(
                new OSProcessMock.StdoutStep("Hello world"),
                new OSProcessMock.DelayStep(10000));
            processMock.InputClosed += AssertInputNotClosed;

            var microserviceProcess = new MicroserviceProcess(@"MyProject\my.csproj", processMock, environmentMock);

            Func<Task> act = async () => {
                await microserviceProcess.RunBatchJobAsync(new string[0], TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(20));
            };

            //-- act & assert

            var exception = await act.ShouldThrowExceptionAsync<MicroserviceProcessException>(because: "process should time out");
            exception.InnerException.Should().BeOfType<TimeoutException>();
        }

        //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        [Fact]
        public async Task RunDaemon_Success()
        {
            //-- arrange

            List<string> log = new List<string>();
            ManualResetEvent inputClosedEvent = new ManualResetEvent(false);

            var environmentMock = new OSEnvironmentMock() {
                Platform = OSPlatform.Windows
            };

            var processMock = new OSProcessMock(
                new OSProcessMock.StdoutStep("Hello world"),
                new OSProcessMock.StdoutStep(nameof(IMicroserviceHostLogger.RunningInDaemonMode)),
                new OSProcessMock.DelegatingStep(onStdoutLine => {
                    inputClosedEvent.WaitOne(5000).Should().BeTrue(because: "InputClosed should be called");
                    return Task.CompletedTask;
                }),
                new OSProcessMock.ExitStep(exitCode: 0));

            processMock.Starting += assertStartInfo;

            processMock.InputClosed += () => {
                log.Add("InputClosed");
                inputClosedEvent.Set();
            };

            //-- act

            var microserviceProcess = new MicroserviceProcess(@"MyProject\my.csproj", processMock, environmentMock);
            await microserviceProcess.RunDaemonAsync(
                arguments: new string[0],
                onUpAndRunningAsync: async () => {
                    await Task.Delay(1);
                    log.Add("UpAndRunning");
                },
                startTimeout: TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5),
                stopTimeout: TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));

            //-- assert

            processMock.AssertEndOfScript();
            log.Should().Equal("Starting", "UpAndRunning", "InputClosed");

            void assertStartInfo(ProcessStartInfo startInfo)
            {
                log.Add("Starting");
                startInfo.FileName.Should().Be("dotnet.exe");
                startInfo.Arguments.Should().Be(
                    $@"run --project {PathUtility.ExpandPathFromBinary(@"MyProject\my.csproj")} --no-restore --no-build -- --stdin-signal");
            }
        }

        //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        [Fact]
        public async void RunDaemon_FailToStart_Throw()
        {
            //-- arrange

            var environmentMock = new OSEnvironmentMock() {
                Platform = OSPlatform.Windows
            };

            var processMock = new OSProcessMock(
                new OSProcessMock.StdoutStep("Hello world"),
                new OSProcessMock.StdoutStep("FAILURE!"),
                new OSProcessMock.ExitStep(exitCode: 11));

            processMock.InputClosed += AssertInputNotClosed;

            var microserviceProcess = new MicroserviceProcess(@"MyProject\my.csproj", processMock, environmentMock);

            Func<Task> act = async () => {
                await microserviceProcess.RunDaemonAsync(
                    arguments: new string[0],
                    onUpAndRunningAsync: AssertUpAndRunningNotCalled,
                    startTimeout: TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5),
                    stopTimeout: TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));
            };

            //-- act & assert

            var exception = await act.ShouldThrowExceptionAsync<MicroserviceProcessException>(because: "daemon failed to start");
            exception.InnerException.Should().BeNull();
        }

        //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        [Fact]
        public async Task RunDaemon_StartTimedOut_Throw()
        {
            //-- arrange

            var environmentMock = new OSEnvironmentMock() {
                Platform = OSPlatform.Windows
            };

            var processMock = new OSProcessMock(
                new OSProcessMock.StdoutStep("Hello world"),
                new OSProcessMock.StdoutStep("Starting...."),
                new OSProcessMock.DelayStep(10000));

            processMock.InputClosed += AssertInputNotClosed;

            var microserviceProcess = new MicroserviceProcess(@"MyProject\my.csproj", processMock, environmentMock);

            Func<Task> act = async () => {
                await microserviceProcess.RunDaemonAsync(
                    arguments: new string[0],
                    onUpAndRunningAsync: AssertUpAndRunningNotCalled,
                    startTimeout: TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(50),
                    stopTimeout: TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));
            };

            //-- act & assert

            var exception = await act.ShouldThrowExceptionAsync<MicroserviceProcessException>(because: "daemon failed to start");
            exception.InnerException.Should().BeOfType<TimeoutException>();
        }

        //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        [Fact]
        public async Task UseCoverage_StartInfoConfiguredFromEnvVars()
        {
            //-- arrange

            var environmentMock = new OSEnvironmentMock(OSPlatform.Windows, new Dictionary<string, string> {
                { MicroserviceProcess.EnvironmentVariableNames.UseCoverage, "1" },
                { MicroserviceProcess.EnvironmentVariableNames.CoverageExecutable, @"C:\tools\cover.exe" },
                { MicroserviceProcess.EnvironmentVariableNames.CoverageArgsTemplate, "MY-TEMPLATE [[PROJECT]] MY-TEMPLATE-MID [[ARGS]] MY-TEMPLATE-END" },
                { MicroserviceProcess.EnvironmentVariableNames.CoverageArgumentsPlaceholder, "[[ARGS]]" },
                { MicroserviceProcess.EnvironmentVariableNames.CoverageProjectPlaceholder, "[[PROJECT]]" },
            });

            var processMock = new OSProcessMock(
                new OSProcessMock.StdoutStep("Hello world"),
                new OSProcessMock.StdoutStep("DONE"),
                new OSProcessMock.ExitStep(exitCode: 0));
            processMock.Starting += assertStartInfo;
            processMock.InputClosed += AssertInputNotClosed;

            //-- act

            var microserviceProcess = new MicroserviceProcess(@"MyProject\my.csproj", processMock, environmentMock);
            await microserviceProcess.RunBatchJobAsync(
                arguments: new[] { "--arg1", "v1", "--arg2", "v2" },
                timeout: TimeSpan.FromSeconds(20));

            //-- assert

            processMock.AssertEndOfScript();

            void assertStartInfo(ProcessStartInfo startInfo)
            {
                startInfo.FileName.Should().Be(@"C:\tools\cover.exe");
                startInfo.Arguments.Should().Be(
                    $@"MY-TEMPLATE {PathUtility.ExpandPathFromBinary(@"MyProject\my.csproj")} MY-TEMPLATE-MID --arg1 v1 --arg2 v2 MY-TEMPLATE-END");
            }
        }

        //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        private void AssertInputNotClosed()
        {
            Assert.False(true, "CloseInput should not be called.");
        }

        //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        private Task AssertUpAndRunningNotCalled()
        {
            Assert.False(true, "onUpAndRunning callback should not be called.");
            return Task.CompletedTask;
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub