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307: Preserving the Blues with The Music Education Initiative
On this episode of Startup Junkies, hosts Caleb Talley, Jeff Amerine, Davis McEntire, and Victoria Dickerson sit down with Orson Weems, the executive director and co-founder of The Music Education Initiative, a diverse-led nonprofit that exists to engage, educate, and elevate the next generation of professionals in the business of music and entertainment. Prior to heading The Music Education Initiative, Orson worked as the chief operating officer with the legendary music and entertainment icon Al Bell and his global music, entertainment, and artist development company, Al Bell Presents. Throughout the episode, Jeff, Matthew, Davis, Victoria, and Orson discuss BC's Blues Shack & Juke Joint and the initiative behind preserving the blues genre.
(1:15) Introduction to Orson Weems
(1:49) Introduction to BC's Blues Shack & Juke Joint
(6:04) The Influence of Tradition and Blues in the South
(9:04) What Fueled the Blues
(17:43) Initiatives Behind Preserving the Blues
(25:29) Orson's Entrepreneurial Journey
(29:18) Demographics of the Blues
(36:14) Location of The Music Education Initiative
(42:00) Furthering The Music Education Initiative's Mission
(44:39) Closing Thoughts
Davis McEntire
The Music Education Initiative
"These folks, they themselves were bringing enjoyment to people so that people could actually have some good times to try to think about things other than what they were dealing with in their tolls and everyday lives." - Orson Weems, (8:16)
"... he likes to find rare and unique artists because when you have rare and unique artists that are giving something of themselves back to the audience where they can feel a memorable experience and they can go away talking about it." - Orson Weems, (18:49)
"This exhibit here is for those that may not have seen what a larger juke joint was, but you can get a feel for it here with the way it's been built and the way it's open for the community." - Orson Weems, (31:17)


text:
Q: How to update a set of data with reverse scoring on SQLite? I have a set of data with collected as 1-4 but I have to convert the scoring in order to count the component scores.
By converting the scoring I meant as follow:
If the score is '1' - I need to convert into '4'
'2' convert to '3'
'3' convert to '2'
'4' convert to '1'
I have tried to used the update query but it kind of screwed it up as when something converted into '1' from '4', they will eventually be converted into '1' at the end of the query.
Sample Code:
Update BIS5 Set bis_bar_7 = 4 where bis_bar_7 = 1;
Update BIS5 Set bis_bar_7 = 3 where bis_bar_7 = 2;
Update BIS5 Set bis_bar_7 = 2 where bis_bar_7 = 3;
Update BIS5 Set bis_bar_7 = 1 where bis_bar_7 = 4;

So after I run this- Update BIS5 Set bis_bar_7 = 4 where bis_bar_7 = 1;
there will have more data with '4' and will then be converted when I run this line - Update BIS5 Set bis_bar_7 = 1 where bis_bar_7 = 4;
So What I should do without messing other data and just correcting the original data?
Any suggestion of where I should run it too? The file I have is on CSV and I then converted into SQLite.

A: You may update using a single CASE expression:
UPDATE BIS5
SET bis_bar_7 = CASE bis_bar_7 WHEN 4 THEN 1
                               WHEN 3 THEN 2
                               WHEN 2 THEN 3
                               WHEN 1 THEN 4 END
WHERE
    bis_bar_7 IN (1, 2, 3, 4);

A: You can do it without CASE:
UPDATE BIS5
SET bis_bar_7 = 5 - bis_bar_7
WHERE bis_bar_7 IN (1, 2, 3, 4);

By subtracting the current value of bis_bar_7 from 5 you get the value that you want to be saved.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


With a stay at Hilton Alexandria Corniche, you'll be centrally located in Alexandria, within a 15-minute drive of Montazah Palace and Stanley Bridge. This 5-star hotel is 2.5 mi (4 km) from Royal Jewellery Museum and 3.2 mi (5.2 km) from Stanli Beach.
Make yourself at home in one of the 158 air-conditioned rooms featuring minibars and LCD televisions. Rooms have private balconies. Complimentary wired and wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and cable programming provides entertainment. Private bathrooms have complimentary toiletries and hair dryers.
Pamper yourself with onsite massages, body treatments, and facials. You can soak up the sun at the private beach or enjoy other recreational amenities including a nightclub and a health club. This hotel also features complimentary wireless Internet access, concierge services, and babysitting/childcare (surcharge). Getting to the surf and sand is a breeze with the complimentary beach shuttle.
Grab a bite to eat at one of the hotel's 6 restaurants, or stay in and take advantage of the 24-hour room service. Snacks are also available at the 2 coffee shops/cafés. Relax with a refreshing drink from the poolside bar or one of the 2 bars/lounges. Buffet breakfasts are available daily from 6:30 AM to 11 AM for a fee.
Featured amenities include limo/town car service, a computer station, and express check-in.
The preferred airport for Hilton Alexandria Corniche is Alexandria (ALY-Alexandria Intl.).


text:
A conscious uncoupling: the AS level as a standalone qualification
Mary Curnock Cook on what reform in England could mean for admissions
Source: Miles Cole
Will schools continue to offer AS exams once A levels in England have been reformed? In a recent select committee hearing, Glenys Stacey, Ofqual's chief regulator, admitted that the answer to this question involves a "bit of guesswork". Schools, she added, were "very keen to hear from higher education as to how they are going to value and rate AS levels".
At the moment, the AS is part of a system of staged assessment and AS results contribute to the final A-level grade. Under the new system of A levels, which will affect undergraduate admissions from the autumn of 2017, all A-level assessment will take place at the end of the course and the AS will become a stand-alone qualification that is optional for schools. Wales and Northern Ireland will stick with the current arrangements; only England will decouple the AS and A level.
So what might this mean for entry requirements, offer-making and admissions to higher education? Currently, some higher education courses accept students with a mix of one or two A levels and some AS achievements and/or vocational qualifications. But for students focused on academic qualifications, three A-level grades remains the standard entry requirement. Few universities stipulate any AS requirements, and usually only for very competitive courses such as medicine, where an AS grade in a fourth subject might be required in addition to the usual three A levels.
Another reason why admissions offices rarely include any AS requirements in their conditional offers is that some (mainly independent) schools do not register their students' AS grades until the end of Year 13.
So the AS is not commonly used in entry requirements, offer-making or admissions – but students still need it to achieve an overall A-level grade. Many students start sixth form studying four subjects and whittle it down to three after receiving their AS results.
When the new A-level system is introduced, students will be able to achieve their A-level grades without an AS. It is hard to envisage universities introducing a new admissions requirement for AS achievement for students in England only.
Universities will be reluctant to state entry requirements involving qualifications that are not routinely offered in all secondary providers for fear of unfairly disadvantaging some students.
As a result, on the face of it, the new stand-alone AS will have little intrinsic value for progression to higher education. What, then, will a new "normal" academic sixth-form curriculum look like, and what is the potential role of the AS examinations in Year 12?
In deciding whether to offer anything more than a straight three-A-level programme through Years 12 and 13, schools will need to balance the advantages of the AS – a broader curriculum and an externally assessed progress-check – against the potential disruption to the Year 12 summer term if some students take time off classes for revision and AS exams.
Initially, because of the phased reform of A levels, secondary providers will need to grapple with a mixed economy of new and old-style A levels; they will not see the back of the old AS exams until 2017. We may have to wait until the summer of 2019 for a clearer picture to emerge.
Much depends on funding. But will the government fund a full portfolio of AS examinations when one policy aim of the reforms is to gain teaching and learning time in the Year 12 summer term? It is difficult to see how universities will be able to maintain fair admissions policies across England, Wales and Northern Ireland unless they stick with the current standard offer of three A-level grades for courses requiring academic preparation.
There are, it appears, few incentives for schools and colleges to do anything other than revert to the old-style three-subject A-level programme in England, although the extended project and the new core maths qualifications could offer a useful extension of the curriculum. And perhaps some admissions offices might consider some offers covering two A levels plus three AS grades.
Whatever the outcome, secondary leaders will need to work with the higher education sector to develop curriculum models that will both support progression to higher education and offer a workable approach to teaching, learning and assessment throughout the sixth form.
'First in family' is still a useful metric of disadvantage
Without it, we could lose sight of the subtleties of the sliding scale of disadvantage and its impact on participation, says Jayne Taylor
By Jayne Taylor
Dartmouth extends need-blind admissions to international students
Pledges of $90 million help Ivy League campus join small club depleted in recent years by financial stress and prioritisation of domestic applicants
By Paul Basken
Minimum entry grades 'would increase degree access inequality'
Former director of fair access Chris Millward says government move to cut university places 'serious prospect' but unlikely to succeed
By John Morgan
The UK has already met its overseas recruitment target. Time for another
With concerted efforts, the UK could attract far more than 600,000 international students to its shores, says James Pitman
By James Pitman

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
HomeReviewsBook ReviewsBOOK REVIEW: Bob Dylan - No Direction Home (Revised illustrated edition) By Robert Shelton
BOOK REVIEW: Bob Dylan - No Direction Home (Revised illustrated edition) By Robert Shelton
April 9, 2021 Michael Barron Book Reviews 0
Initially proposed by the author in 1965 and finally released in 1986, an expanded edition followed in 2011 for Dylan's 70th birthday. An expanded hardback illustrated edition with 150 images "aimed at a younger audience" is released for Bob's 80th. Shelton's work was seen as especially sacrosanct because it was one of the first official accounts of "Dylan's formative years".
By 1986, Shelton had known Bob for 25 years and was able to offer his own analysis. Despite having close access to Dylan, Shelton confesses the colossal task he set out for himself: "The quest of Bob Dylan is riddled with ironies and contradictions shadowed with seven types of ambiguity". Shelton invites us through his chronological analysis examining Bob's life up until 1980.
While there are some aspects of Bob's family history, Shelton is unable to ascertain that the late Shelton deserves credit for revealing as best as possible: the true Bob Dylan - warts and all. Shelton paints Dylan's warts with such superb clarity that, in comparison, even the clearest ultra HD images appear opaque. For example, Robert quotes Dave Van Ronk describing Bob as someone who gets "what he can and then discards it".
Shelton often rebukes his muse calling Bob "the sponge" and "a cruel, self-centred loner…; nonetheless, Robert was also Dylan's greatest advocate. Sheldon and Dylan first met when Shelton reviewed Bob on 29th September 1961 at Gerde's Folk City in New York. With both men living in Greenwich Village, they hung out and bonded. Going with his gut instinct in 1963, the author took scorn on the chin when he dubbed Dylan "the singing poet Laurette of young America". Robert also asserted that Dylan "stamped intelligence on to pop music…"
Bob's less ordinary musical origins began as an inpatient child and teenager who started and gave up the piano, trumpet and saxophone before settling for the rhythm guitar. In 1955, Bob was part of a trio called the Golden Chords, which split up owing to Bob's interest in "black RnB". After being introduced to Leadbelly in 1959, Bob was led "to the roots of the first folk revival of the late fifties!" After reading folk singer Woody Guthrie's autobiography, Bob became obsessed and mimicked Guthrie's speech patterns which produced harsher and gravelly vocals.
By opening for the greats such as John Lee Hooker on 11th April 1961, Bob realised he had more to learn about performing and developing songs. Shelton catalogues how Bob tirelessly, enthusiastically and successfully pursued his own personal and musical development, which led to Bob being signed and recording his debut LP by the end of 1961. The following year, Bob was influencing Pete Seeger, and in 1963, "Blowin in the Wind" was released as a single (and at the time was "Warner's fastest-moving single ever"). Bob performed at Woodstock and appeared on the Ed Sullivan Show.
As Bob got more acclaim (including an endorsement by the Beatles in the Melody Maker in 1965) and going electric, Shelton argues that before Dylan's "folk-rock" creation, "most musicians including the Beatles had been using insipid, frivolous lyrics". Shelton seconds his opinions by quoting Maurice Rosenbaum, who reviewed Dylan at the Royal Albert Hall who insisted that "no other" can sing, play guitar or harmonica with "the power, the originality or the fire (of Dylan)…"
Whilst Bob was praised for improving popular music, traditional "folkniks" "rejected" Bob in 1965 when he made the mistake of playing a full set electric at the Newport Folk Festival instead of using a hybrid of acoustic and rock. Ironically, Bob had toyed with four electric recordings for his sophomore LP The Freewheelin Bob Dylan, which didn't make the cut two years earlier. Shelton recalls how 1966 saw a culmination of events, including Bob being criticised for moving/imitating Mick Jagger at the Dublin Adelphi, Dylan's song, "Eight Miles High" potentially being banned in the UK as a "drug song" by the then British Home Secretary Roy Jenkins and Bob suffering a near-fatal motorcycle accident. These events took Dylan into a "more tranquil existence" for the next seven-and-a-half years. Despite being in retreat, Shelton recalls how Dylan's still released albums, including the 1969 Nashville Skyline LP, influenced other rock musicians to pursue country music, including the Flying Burrito Brothers and Captain Hook Medicine Show.
Whilst many (including the extreme example of Alan Jules Weberman) attacked Dylan after 1966 "for his rock star indulges" and "alleged" retreat from left-wing political and civil rights causes; Shelton insists that "In retreat, Dylan refused more money than many pop stars make in a career". Shelton explains that "Dylan's message was consistently misunderstood and misapplied", and Dylan "tried to change his ways". The summer of 1975 is the best example of this being put into practice when Dylan "forge(d) a community of singers", which resulted in the Rolling Thunder Revue tour of 1975-76. This tour also saw Bob take up the cause to overturn the guilty verdict of African-American Rubin "Hurricane" Carter and John Artis, who was convicted (overturned in 1985) for committing a triple homicide at the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey. Dylan told Carter's story on the opening track of his 1976 LP Desire.
When No Direction Home was first released in 1986, Shelton expressed his disappointment when much of the content was removed and sadly did not live to see the expanded version released in 2011. In this illustrated edition (which includes a new foreword and afterword from Elizabeth Thomson, who wrote Joan Baez: The Last Leaf), people across all generations will get to experience the most accurate description of the development of Bob's musical and poet evolution, his innovative genius and perplexity as witnessed by the author.
Shelton said that Dylan wanted him "to write an honest book", and Shelton delivered. Bob is frequently recorded as being humble and allowing himself to be vulnerable. The only thing Shelton doesn't achieve is getting Bob to analyse his own songs and explain the stories and meanings behind them. Shelton offers his own analysis instead. This can easily be forgiven. After all, Shelton spotted Dylan's potential first and helped to show the world what Bob had to offer and continues to offer. With John Peel later concurring with Shelton on Dylan's genius, it is impossible to deny Shelton a legacy as an authority on popular music and an emeritus on Bob Dylan.
Purchase 'No Direction Home (Revised illustrated edition)' By Robert Shelton
Robert Shelton
CODY FROST shares the video for her second single 'HIGH/BYE'
RODDY WOOMBLE shares video for new single 'Architecture in LA' - Watch Now!
Universal Music Group acquires BOB DYLAN'S entire catalogue of songs
December 7, 2020 Mark Millar News 0
Universal Music Publishing Group (UMPG), Universal Music Group's leading, global music publishing division, today announced the acquisition of Bob Dylan's entire catalogue of songs. This landmark agreement encompasses more than 600 copyrights spanning 60 years, from...
CHRISSIE HYNDE announces her brand-new album of Bob Dylan covers & new film
May 10, 2021 Mark Millar New music, News 0
Chrissie Hynde has today announced details of her brand-new album of Bob Dylan covers, Standing in the Doorway: Chrissie Hynde sings Bob Dylan. The songs were recorded in lockdown by Chrissie and her Pretenders bandmate...
A Conversation with Godfather of Punk TERRI HOOLEY
December 22, 2015 Mark Millar Interviews 0
Terri Hooley is a legend among the Belfast music community and beyond. During Northern Ireland's troubled dark times Terri Hooley's Good Vibrations record shops and label survived in countless locations around the city, selling and...


Building the future of Judaism starts with building our youth. The youth groups at Congregation Beth Tikvah expand upon the education and friendships started in the classroom to build a strong Jewish identity and connection to our synagogue and the Jewish community as a whole. We have several youth groups designed to match the different ages and interests of our youth.
Congregation Beth Tikvah is dedicated to our youth and their involvement in our synagogue and each other. These youth are the Jewish leaders of tomorrow and that is a future to which we can all look forward. Each group provides its own unique activities and experiences to engage our participants. Please read the descriptions below to find out where your child belongs.
Please check the calendar for upcoming youth activities, dates, place and fees.s dedicated to our youth and their involvement in our synagogue and each other.
BethTY is the ultimate experience for high school teens who enjoy the responsibilities of planning and implementing all of their events. BethTY elects a teen leadership board each year that helps design and plan the calendar of events for the year. Our members are also actively involved regionally in the National Federation of Temple Youth – Ohio Valley Region (NFTY-OVR), allowing them to make new friends and meet other Jewish teens from around the nation. Many of these relationships will last a lifetime.
Junior BethTY is most-definitely the group for your middle school teen as a youth experience that will carry with them for years to come. These are students that have formed bonds throughout their religious school experience and are learning independence skills. Activities for this group are planned and organized through input from the students.
This group represents the "next step" in a child's involvement in Jewish social activities. Programs generally take place every other month, from September to May, and are usually on Sunday. Participants enjoy tikkun olam, religious, and social programs.
Keshet is one of the first social steps in a child's life, enabling him/her to be part of a fulfilling social gathering of children of similar ages. This group is designed to foster friendships and relationship among the children as well as the parents. In this beginning youth group, children take part in many exciting activities including arts and crafts, cooking, sports, and much more. Certain Judaic components are infused into these creative activities, helping the children become more familiar with different holidays and customs. Keshet is an excellent way to begin your child's life of Judaism in a positive, social environment.


text:
Silvio Curto ( - ) est un égyptologue italien.

Biographie
Né en 1919 à Bra, dans le Piémont, Curto obtient sa licence en archéologie romaine en 1941. Après la guerre, il devient inspecteur pour la Soprintendenza alle Antichità Egizie et en 1964, il est nommé directeur du Museo Egizio de Turin, charge qu'il occupe jusqu'en 1984. Pendant son mandat, le musée a été considérablement rénové et, depuis 1969, il est doté d'une grande bibliothèque.

Entre 1961 et 1969, Curto a dirigé l'équipe italienne d'archéologues qui a participé à l'effort international de relocalisation des temples d'Abou Simbel, menacés par la construction du haut barrage d'Assouan. L'Italie a reçu en cadeau le petit temple d'Ellesiya, construit à l'origine par  pour le dieu Horus, qui a été reconstruit par Curto en 1970 à l'intérieur du Museo Egizio de Turin, où il se trouve toujours.

De 1964 à 1989, il a enseigné l'égyptologie à l'université de Turin. Il a également contribué à diverses collections égyptiennes à travers l'Italie, comme la rénovation de celle du Museo Civico Archeologico de Bologne en 1961 et la cofondation du musée égyptien de Milan en 1972.

Curto meurt le  à Turin, à l'âge de 96 ans. En 2016, le directeur du Museo Egizio Christian Greco a donné son nom à la bibliothèque du musée en son honneur.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Index égyptologique
Égyptologue italien
Naissance en août 1919
Décès en septembre 2015
Décès à Turin
Décès à 96 ans

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Saturday night at the 2015 Dallas DanceFest was filled with magical moments.
Dallas — Even if we have seen Balanchine's Serenade many times, it never fails to stir. The minute 16 dancers in gauzy pale blue dress stand still, right arm reaching upward, and then bring their arm to shield their face, we know that some mysterious and rapturous is about to take place. They fan out to move like the wind is sweeping them forward, as 15-year-old Katherine Hairston rushes through the ranks as though to stir the rest on.
This was the opening work of the second night of Dallas DanceFest at Dallas City Performance Hall. Although only the first section of a much longer ballet, the dancers in Chamberlain Performing Arts were perfect: young, lithe, intense but unaffected. They moved as one.
After Serenade, the program moved in different directions, from sunny to mystical to fierce to pathos. Not everything kept one's interest, but Saturday night's show far outdid Friday's.
The sunny came from two sources: Jessica Lang's Solo in Nine Parts for Booker T. Washington High School for the Performing and Visual Arts Repertory I, and Aadineye Kanna in the Indian classical style known as Bharatakalanjali, choreographed by legendary artists Shanta and VP Dhananjayan and performed by Alabama-based Natayananda.
The loose arms, the easy reversing on direction, and the over all exuberate mood in Solo in Nine Parts immediately reminded you of something from Paul Taylor, down to the hops with both legs lifted to form a diamond shape. Wearing simple white dresses with a purple band for the women and purple tights for the men, the 16 dancers run and leap, upper bodies lilted and arms curved. Vivaldi's music stirs them on.
A very charming Smriti Krishnan, clad in purple, gold and turquoise, brought new life to classical Indian dance. Her eyes flash, her feet stamp, her knees bend, her arms trace intricate shapes in the air. But it is really her facial expressions—combined with finely detailed movements—that made it clear that she was telling us a delightful tale.
The three companies from Houston could not have been more different. Allie Kronick's Where Angles Dwell for Houston Repertory Dance Ensemble was quiet, pensive and melancholy, featuring nine dancers in filmy white dress. They move on a diagonal path, spilling away and regrouping, lifting their arms as they swirl.
Against a dark background, six dancers flip and spin in Andy Noble's A Motorcycle for Moses (performed by Houston-based NobleMotion Dance). They come and go, one dancer gyrating in front as two behind her wheel and pivot. In another brief section, a man upends a woman. She breaks free only to have him grab her ankle. These bikers are reckless but still in control.
In Kate Skarpetowska's Consumed for Houston-based METdance the dancers all but fly apart. It opens with Kerry Jackson in distress: in black suit and tie, he twitches and flips to the ground, bounds up, and swirls in tight orbits as though trapped in a cage. He breaks free and propels himself in one dramatic moment out toward the audience. He is followed by eight others dressed also in black suits, white shirts and ties. They are agitated, moving in tight knots, constantly switching direction. Constraint drives them half-mad.
On a much quieter front, Joshua L. Peugh's White Day has a dreamy feel, tender and yearning. Emily Bernet emerges from the right side of the stage tiptoeing very slowly with one arm stretched out, dropping rose petals as she goes. Kelsey Rohn follows, dropping yet more petals. Three men (Salvatore Bonilla, Chadi El-Khoury, Dexter Green) drawl forward from the other side of the stage, flipping to their backs and waving legs in the air. Ms. Rohr returns, tracing the air with hand and fingers, the image of a willowy nymph. The men return, and Mr. El-Khoury gathers up Ms. Rohn and they lie down, the two curled up like kittens.
Although it seems impossible to go wrong with music like Nina Simone, Duke Ellington, John Coltrane and Billy Preston, Shauna Davis's Pour Out the Contents for Southern Methodist University Meadows Dance Ensemble went nowhere.
Garfield Lemonious's Memoirs for Dallas Black Dance Theatre had its moments—great, souring leaps, low bends, unison movement—but overall it was too much. Power never let up.
And then there was the incomparable Olga Pavlova paying tribute to her mentor, the famous Bolshoi ballerina Maya Plisetskaya in Mikhail Fokine's The Dying Swan. In black tutu and headdress, Ms. Pavlova is the image of pathos, bourréeing, bourreeing, bourréeing, as though unable to touch ground. Her arms undulate slowly, and then drop, and then come up again, as the swan struggles to stay live. At last, Ms. Pavlova drops in a graceful heap, lifts an arm, and falls. It is easy to overdo the pathos, but Ms. Pavlova offers a touching and yet subtle interpretation.
» Read more about the 2014 DDF, including profiles of various companies and more in our special section devoted to the DanceFest.
» Photos copyright Sharen Bradford of The Dancing Image. To see more images, click the slideshow icon in the floating menu at bottom left of your screen.


Start off the New Year with a wardrobe as warm and tranquil as your surroundings. For the first time ever, Pantone named two shades, Rose Quartz (a delicate blush) and Serenity (a tranquil blue) as the Color of the Year. The colors are meant to reflect our newfound penchant for harmony and wellness as well as a soothing sense of order and peace. Whether you agree if we should have a color authority dictating what we wear or not, one thing is for sure – the colors sure are pretty! I don't know about you, but I'm loving the soft cotton-candy hues. Sure, it may be reminiscent of nursery colors, but these beauty and fashion picks are all delightfully grown up.
Pantone always does such a great job on choosing the color of the year and you made some great choices on how to incorporate the colors of the year into your life and wardrobe!
that PINK tutu skirt is to DIE for! i love it! thanks for linking up.


ARSENAL appeared to have won their battle of brinkmanship with Zenit St Petersburg by finally completing the signing of Andrei Arshavin for £10million last night.
The fee could rise to £12m, but the Gunners stood firm right up until the final minutes of the transfer deadline and refused to meet Zenit's £15m asking price.
Zenit officials tried to claim the transfer had not been formally agreed at the last minute, but the paperwork was lodged with the Premier League and Arshavin had passed a medical and agreed personal terms.
He returned to Russia to tie up a couple of loose ends but was pictured with an Arsenal shirt before he left and is hoping to make his debut against Tottenham on Sunday.
Arshavin was so desperate to move to the Emirates that he paid for his own private jet to bring him to England and agreed to take a drop in wages by signing a contract worth £70,000 a week.
He also begrudgingly agreed to pay half his signing-on fee to Zenit, roughly £1m, to help push through the deal.
Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger has confirmed Theo Walcott is due to return from his shoulder injury in about four weeks and there are still hopes he will be ready in time to face Roma in the Champions League on February 24.
But Wenger is refusing to rush Cesc Fabregas back from knee ligament damage, despite the fact Fabregas had claimed his recovery was ahead of schedule.
Chelsea swooped to take Inter Milan winger Ricardo Quaresma from under Tottenham's noses on loan until the end of the season.
Quaresma, 25, was on the point of joining Spurs from Inter, with either Jermaine Jenas or David Bentley going the other way, when talks broke down.
But Chelsea boss Luiz Felipe Scolari, who knows Quaresma well from his time as Portugal coach, moved in swiftly yesterday afternoon to snap up a loan deal with a view to a possible permanent £14m move.
Scolari has been desperate for a wide player ever since Joe Cole was ruled out for the rest of the season with a knee injury last month. Chelsea will take over Quaresma's wages of £48,000 a week.
But there was disappointment for Newcastle United boss Joe Kinnear, who failed in a late £8m bid for Manchester City midfielder Michael Johnson, even though he managed to finalise a deal to take Ryan Taylor to St James' Park in exchange for Charles N'Zogbia, plus £6.5m.
Kinnear was hoping that England Under-21 international Johnson would move to Tyneside but City rejected his approach, even though the player was prepared to consider a move to the North-east.
Kinnear had better luck with Taylor and said: "I am over the moon to have got Ryan because he is still a young player but one with lots of experience.
"He has played nearly 200 games but is only 24 years old. His versatility is tremendous and he can play in midfield or defence.


The other day I was relaxing at home after a crazy day- Grilled chicken and avocado sandwich in hand for dinner, cat snuggling with me on the couch and I flip on the TV.
You know the one I'm talking about- You're in a dentists office and they're talking about 9 out of 10 dentists recommending Sensodyne for healthy gums. Oh yeah, and the camera is always tilted in a weird way so it looks like the dentist is about to fall off the earth.
Every time I see the commercial I get angry. IT LOOKS BAD. Seriously, these guys are paying a lot of money for a commercial that looks like it's straight out of the 80s and shot with the intention to make you sea sick.
I think to myself, "Why can't they straighten the camera? WHY!?"
We all do it, not holding the camera straight by accident and then BOOM, buildings are more slanted than usual, but a whole commercial!?
Okay, enough of your rant Katie. What I'm trying to say is STRAIGHTEN UP. Your photos, that is.
Keep buildings going up and down and bridges going side to side in your photos.
Don't make the viewer seasick... Or want to change the channel.
LIKE THESE POSTS? SIGN UP FOR MY NEWLETTER TO GET 'EM STRAIGHT TO YOUR INBOX!
PS just to say I love Sensodyne just not their commercials. We buy it all the time.


text:
Q: which file is explorer.exe equivalent in ubuntu .? On disabling explorer.exe file in windows, we disable the click events as well as the desktop icons and all other interface facilities are disabled.
Is there any file in ubuntu which disables these interface facilities in ubuntu?

A: Explorer's equivalent is Nautilus in standard Ubuntu. It manages the file browsing and desktop. Unity is rendered out by Compiz, which is separate though.
Your simplest route for disabling all of that, is to just use a different session and Window Manager. Something like OpenBox or even NoDM (if you're just running one application). It'll mean you need to get under the hood and work out how window managers work... But that's a damned sight easier than ripping out functionality of Nautilus.


text:
\section{Introduction}
Quantum walks \cite{reitzner12walks,vanegas12review,portugal-book}, quantum
counterparts of classical Markov processes, provide a powerful method for
developing new quantum algorithms~\cite{ambainis03algorithmic} and
protocols~\cite{difranco11mimicking,mcgettrick14cycles,miszczak14quantum,sadowski14efficient,pawela15generalized}.
As quantum protocols have to be executed on pair with classical protocols
controlling distant parts of a quantum network, quantum walks have to include
elements enabling them to adapt to the current structure of the network. The
methods of adapting classical algorithms for the purpose of quantum networks are
currently under an active investigation~\cite{vanmeter13path} and include the
application of game theory in a complex quantum network with interacting parties
\cite{pawela13cooperative}.

Quantum walks on cycles can be used as a simple and very powerful model for the
purpose of modeling quantum and hybrid classical-quantum networks. In particular,
in~\cite{miszczak14quantum}, the authors have developed a model that can be used to
analyze the scenario of exploring quantum networks with a distracted sense of
direction. By using this model, it is possible to study the
behavior of quantum mobile agents operating with non-adaptive and adaptive
strategies that can be employed in this scenario.

The presented work introduces a family of quantum walks on cycles
with \emph{liveliness},
corresponding to the ability to execute a long-range
move. The introduced family is parametrized by the liveliness
parameter, which is used to control the magnitude of the additional long-range
move. In particular, the proposed family contains lazy quantum walks, which can
be introduced as quantum walks with liveliness equal to~0. We investigate the
behavior of the probability distribution and time-averaged probability
distribution~\cite{aharonov01walks} for the introduced family and generalize the
results obtained by Bednarska \emph{et al.}~\cite{bednarska03walks}. We show that the
liveliness parameter has a direct impact on the periodicity of the limiting
distribution. We also show that the
introduced model provides a method for network exploration which is robust against trapping.

This paper is organized as follows.
In Section~\ref{sec:model} we introduce the model of lively quantum walks on
cycles.
In Section~\ref{sec:periodicity} we study the behavior of the time-averaged
limiting distribution of the introduced model and discuss its periodicity.
In Section~\ref{sec:liveliness} we prove that the introduced model allows the
improvement of the quantum network exploration. This is achieved by demonstrating that our model can be
used to avoid trapping and to counteract
malfunctions in the network.
Finally, in Section~\ref{sec:concluding}, we discuss the possible applications
and extensions of the introduced model.

\section{Lively quantum walks}\label{sec:model}
Let us first consider a cycle with $n$ nodes and define a standard model of
quantum walk. The position of a walker during a quantum walk executed on such
cycle is described by a vector in $n$-dimensional complex space $\ensuremath{\C}^n$. The
state space is of the form $\ensuremath{\mathds{C}}^2\otimes\ensuremath{\mathds{C}}^n$. Quantum walk process is defined in
the situation by the shift operator
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
S(\ket{0}\otimes\ket{i}) &= \ket{0}\otimes\ket{ i+1 \pmod n},\\
S(\ket{1}\otimes\ket{i}) &= \ket{1}\otimes\ket{i-1 \pmod n},
\end{split}
\end{equation}
or equivalently
\begin{equation}
S = \ketbra{0}{0}\otimes\sum\limits_{i=0}^{n-1}\ketbra{i+1}{i}+
\ketbra{1}{1}\otimes\sum\limits_{i=0}^{n-1}\ketbra{i-1}{i},
\end{equation}
where addition is modulo $n$.
In this case the walker has for her disposal two directions -- $\ket{0}$
(right)
and $\ket{1}$ (left) -- represented in the two dimensional Hilbert space
$\ensuremath{\mathds{C}}^2$,
corresponding to the coin used in the classical random walk.
The evolution operator is defined as
\begin{equation}
U = S(C\otimes\1_n),
\end{equation}
where $C$ is the coin operator which acts on coin space $\ensuremath{\mathds{C}}^2$.

Let us now assume that the coin register used to control a quantum
walker is represented by a vector in $\ensuremath{\C}^3$ (\emph{i.e.\/}\ by a qutrit) and thus, during
each step, the walker can change its position according to one of three possible
states of the coin register. Using this setup we define \emph{lively quantum
walk} on cycles as follows.

\begin{definition}[Lively quantum walk on a cycle]
Lively quantum walk on a
$n$-dimensional cycle with \emph{liveliness} $0\leq a\leq n-1$, is defined by
the shift operator $S^{(n,a)}\in L(\ensuremath{\C}^3\otimes\ensuremath{\C}^n)$ of the form
\begin{equation}
S^{(n,a)} = \sum_{x=0}^{n-1} S_x^{(n,a)},\label{eq:shift}
\end{equation}
where
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
S_x^{(n,a)} &=  \ketbra{0}{0}\otimes\ketbra{x-1 \pmod n}{x}\\
        &+ \ketbra{1}{1}\otimes\ketbra{x+1 \pmod n}{x} \\
        &+ \ketbra{2}{2}\otimes\ketbra{x+a \pmod n}{x}.
\end{split}\label{eq:shift-at-position}
\end{equation}
\end{definition}

For the case $a=0$ the above definition reduces to \emph{lazy quantum walk}
(\emph{i.e.\/}\ a quantum walk with no liveliness).
One should also note that if the introduced model would included jumps with $-a$
parameter we could restrict our considerations to the case where $a\le\lfloor
\frac{n}{2} \rfloor$.

For the small number of nodes, the existence of the additional
connections can be used to model the transition from a cycle to the full
network. For example, for $n=6$, the lively quantum walk with $a=2$ is equivalent to
the quantum walk on the total network. However, in order to study the parametrized family of processes on graphs with different degree of connectivity, additional connections, and thus larger coins, are needed.

Operator $S_x^{(n,a)}$ acts on position $x$ by shifting it by $+1$, $-1$ or
by the value specified by the liveliness parameter $a\in\{0,1,\dots,n-1\}$. The case
$a=0$ is identical to the case $a=n$.

The coin operator used in the further considerations is defined by the
Grover operator
\begin{equation}
G = 2 \ketbra{c_1}{c_1}-\1_3=\left(
\begin{smallmatrix}
	-\frac{1}{3} & \frac{2}{3} & \frac{2}{3} \\
	\frac{2}{3} & -\frac{1}{3} & \frac{2}{3} \\
	\frac{2}{3} & \frac{2}{3} & -\frac{1}{3} \\
\end{smallmatrix}\right),
\end{equation}
where
\begin{equation}\label{eqn:init0}
	\ket{c_1}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\left(\ket{0}+\ket{1}+\ket{2}\right).
\end{equation}

Using the above we define the walk operator for the lively walk on cycle as
\begin{equation}
U=\left(\sum_{x=0}^{n-1}S_x^{(n,a)}\right) (G\otimes \1_n).
\end{equation}

\section{Limiting distribution periodicity}\label{sec:periodicity}
We start with the proof of the periodicity of the limiting distribution for the
introduced model. Let us introduce the time-averaged probability distribution
for the quantum walk as follows.

\begin{definition}
We define the time-averaged probability distribution at position $x$ for a
unitary process $U$ as
\begin{equation}
\Pi(x) = \lim_{N\rightarrow \infty} \frac{1}{N} \sum_{t=0}^N P(x, t),
\end{equation}
where $P(x,t)$ denotes the probability of measuring position $x$ after $t$ steps
\begin{equation}
P(x,t) =\sum_{c=0}^2 |\bra{c,x}U^t\ket{\psi_0}|^2
\end{equation}
and $\ket{\psi_0}$ is arbitrary initial state.
\label{def::limiting}
\end{definition}

Let us now consider a lively quantum walk with $n$ nodes and the step size $a$
chosen in such a way that there is a common divisor of both numbers.

\begin{theorem}\label{th:cyclic}
If $\mathrm{GCD}(a, n)>1$ then the limiting time-averaged probability
distribution is periodic with period equal to $\mathrm{GCD}(a, n)$.
\end{theorem}

First, let us note that the spectrum of the walk operator is conveniently
expressed using Fourier basis at the position register.

\begin{lemma}\label{lem:eigenvalues}
The walk operator $U = S^{(n,a)}(G\otimes{\rm 1\hspace{-0.9mm}l}_n)\in L(\ensuremath{\Cplx}^3\otimes \ensuremath{\Cplx}^n
)$
has
eigenvalues
$\lambda_{k,j}$ with
corresponding eigenvectors
$\ket{\psi_{k,j}}=\ket{v_{k,j}}\otimes\ket{\phi_k}\in\ensuremath{\Cplx}^3\otimes\ensuremath{\Cplx}^n$
satisfying the
equation
\begin{equation}\label{eq:g-diag-eigenstates}
\diag(e^{-\mathrm{i} k},e^{\mathrm{i} k},e^{-\mathrm{i} ka})G\ket{v_{k,j}} =
\lambda_{k,j}\ket{v_{k,j}},
\end{equation}
where $\ket{\phi_k}=\sum e^{-\mathrm{i} kx}\ket{x}$ for $k = \frac{2\pi l}{n},
l=0,\ldots,n-1$, $j\in\{0,1,2\}$.
\end{lemma}

\def0{0}
\def1{1}
\def2{2}
\begin{proof}
We analyse the action of the step on $\ket{d}\otimes\ket{\phi_k}$ for basis
state $d\in\{0, 1, 2 \}$ and note that
the step
operator acting on states with Fourier states on position register results in
a relative phase
$S^{(n,a)}\ket{0}\otimes\ket{\phi_k}=e^{\mathrm{i}
k}\ket{0}\otimes\ket{\phi_k}$,
$S^{(n,a)}\ket{1}\otimes\ket{\phi_k}=e^{-\mathrm{i}
k}\ket{1}\otimes\ket{\phi_k}$
and
$S^{(n,a)}\ket{2}\otimes\ket{\phi_k}=e^{-\mathrm{i}
ka}\ket{2}\otimes\ket{\phi_k}$.
Thus we can reduce the dynamics of the states of the form
$\ket{v}\otimes\ket{\phi_k}$ so that we consider the $\ket{v}$ subsystem only
and we substitute the step operator with $\diag(e^{-\mathrm{i} k},e^{\mathrm{i} k},e^{-\mathrm{i}
ka})$.
Therefore any eigenvector $\ket{v_{k,j}}$ of the form given in Eq.
(\ref{eq:g-diag-eigenstates})
corresponds to an eigenvector of the form $\ket{v_{k,j}}\otimes\ket{\phi_k}$ of
the walk operator $U$.
\end{proof}

In the context of the limiting distribution we emphasise the fact that
for any eigenvector of the form
$\ket{\psi_{k,j}}=\ket{v_{k,j}}\otimes\ket{\phi_k}$
the probability distribution at the coin register
\begin{equation}
|(\bra{d}\otimes\bra{x})\ket{\psi_{k,j}}|^2 =
|\braket{d}{v_{k,j}}|^2\label{eqn:transition-invariant}
\end{equation}
is position independent. This property can be applied into limiting
distribution formula
\begin{equation}
\Pi(x)=\sum_{\lambda}\sum_d\sum_{(k,j),(k',j')\in V_\lambda
}a_{k,j}^{\phantom*}
a_{k',j'}^* \braket{d,x}{\psi_{k,j}}\braket{\psi_{k',j'}}{d,x},
\end{equation}
where $x$ is the position, $\ket{\psi_0}=\sum a_{k,l} \ket{\psi_{k,l}}$,
$V_\lambda$ are
indices of $\lambda$-eigenvectors such that
$V_{\lambda}=\{(k,j):\lambda_{k,j}=\lambda\}$.
It is straightforward from Eq.~(\ref{eqn:transition-invariant}) that for
1-dimensional eigenspaces the probability is
transition invariant
\begin{equation}
a_{k,j}^{\phantom\dagger} a_{k,j}^*
\braket{d,x}{\psi_{k,j}}\braket{\psi_{k,j}}{d,x} =
a_{k,j}^{\phantom\dagger} a_{k,j}^* |\braket{d}{v_{k,j}}|^2
=
a_{k,j}^{\phantom\dagger} a_{k,j}^*
\braket{d,x'}{\psi_{k,j}}\braket{\psi_{k,j}}{d,x'},
\end{equation}
for $x,x'=1,\dots,n$. For higher-dimensional eigenspaces we are concerned with
relative phase during transition. In other words, one is assured that for two
positions $x, x'$ the modules of the terms
$\braket{d,x}{\psi_i}\braket{\psi_j}{d,x}$ and
$\braket{d,x'}{\psi_i}\braket{\psi_j}{d,x'}$ are equal, however they may differ
in phase. Here we prove that the dimensionality of eigenspaces of eigenvalues
$\lambda_{k,j}$ is higher than one if the relation $k = \frac{2\pi}{n}l$ is
satisfied for $l$ being the multiplication of $\frac{n}{\mathrm{GCD}(n,a)}$. We do
not prove that for $k \ne \frac{2\pi l}{\mathrm{GCD}(n,a)}$ the
$\lambda_{k,j}$-eigenspace is one-dimensional, but the influence of the cases
when it is not true is negligible.

\begin{lemma}\label{lem:multi-eigenvalues}
For $k=\frac{2\pi l}{n}$ and $\frac{n}{\mathrm{GCD}(n,a)}|l$ we have that
$\lambda_{k,0}=1$ is
an
eigenvalue of $U$ and the
other eigenvalues
$\lambda_{k,1}$, $\lambda_{k,2}$ are mutually conjugated i.e.
$\lambda_{k,1}\lambda_{k,2}=1$.
Moreover, eigenvalues for $k'=2\pi-k$ are the same.
\end{lemma}
\begin{proof}
Let us derive the characteristic polynomial for eigenvalues of the
step operator on the subspace corresponding to the $\ket{\phi_k}$ on the
position space
\begin{equation}
\overline{U_k}=\diag(e^{-\mathrm{i} k},e^{\mathrm{i} k},e^{-\mathrm{i} ka}) G.
\end{equation}
From assumptions we obtain that $n|la$ and thus $e^{\mathrm{i} ka}=1$. Thus the
characteristic
polynomial
simplifies to
\begin{equation}
(1-\lambda)\left(\frac{\lambda}{3}(1-2\cos k)+1+\lambda+\lambda^2\right),
\end{equation}
with real coefficients and the same solution for $-k$ thus $\lambda_0=1$ and
lemma holds.
The explicit formulas for the eigenvalues with substitution for $e^{\mathrm{i}
k}=\omega$  are
$$
\left\{1,-\frac{\omega ^2+4 \omega +(\omega -1) \sqrt{\omega  (\omega
+10)+1}+1}{6 \omega },-\frac{\omega ^2+4 \omega -(\omega -1)
\sqrt{\omega  (\omega +10)+1}+1}{6 \omega }\right\}
$$
and eigenvectors without normalization factors read
\begin{equation}
\left(
\begin{array}{ccc}
 \frac{2}{\omega +1} & \frac{2 \omega }{\omega +1} & 1 \\
 \frac{-\omega +\sqrt{\omega  (\omega +10)+1}-1}{4 \omega } & \frac{1}{4} \left(-\omega -\sqrt{\omega  (\omega +10)+1}-1\right) & 1 \\
 -\frac{\omega +\sqrt{\omega  (\omega +10)+1}+1}{4 \omega } & \frac{1}{4} \left(-\omega +\sqrt{\omega  (\omega +10)+1}-1\right) & 1 \\
\end{array}
\right)
\end{equation}
\end{proof}

\begin{proof}[Proof of Theorem \ref{th:cyclic}]
In order to prove the cyclic property of the walk we consider the
limiting distribution from Def, \ref{def::limiting} in the alternative
form
\begin{equation}\label{eq:limiting-formula}
\Pi(x)=\sum_{\lambda}\sum_{(k,j),(k',j')\in V_\lambda ,d}a_{k,j}^{\phantom*}
a_{k',j'}^{*} \braket{d,x}{\psi_{k,j}}\braket{\psi_{k',j'}}{d,x}.
\end{equation}

We aim at proving that $\Pi(x)=\Pi(x+a)$.
We note that
for each eigenvalue $\lambda$ such that $|V_{\lambda}|=1$ its
unique
eigenvector $\ket{\psi_{k,j}}$ satisfies
$|\braket{d,x}{\psi_{k,j}}|^2=|\braket{d,x+a}{\psi_{k,j}}|^2$
as a result of Lemma
\ref{lem:eigenvalues}.
We assume that multiple eigenvalues $\lambda_{k,j}=\lambda_{k',j'}$ follow the
case $k=\frac{2 \pi l}{\mathrm{GCD}(a, n)}, k'=\frac{2 \pi
(n-l)}{\mathrm{GCD}(a,
n)}$ resulting from
construction in Lemma \ref{lem:multi-eigenvalues} and give the
$e^{\mathrm{i} ka}=e^{\mathrm{i} k'a}=1$ and $e^{\mathrm{i} k}e^{\mathrm{i} k'}=1$.
In particular, we show that the relative phases that occur in the terms of the sum
Eq. (\ref{eq:limiting-formula}) vanish every $a$ steps.
Thus the equality
\begin{equation}
\braket{d,x+a}{\psi_{k,j}}\braket{\psi_{k',j'}}{d,x+a} =
\braket{d,x}{\psi_{k,j}}\braket{\psi_{k',j'}}{d,x}
\end{equation}
holds for $(k,j),(k',j')\in V_\lambda$ and overall limiting probability is
periodic with the period equal to
 $\mathrm{GCD}(a, n)$.
\end{proof}

Thus, we observe interesting phenomena that if the paths generated by the lively
steps do not interact \emph{i.e.\/}\ create separate classes of nodes, then the asymptotic
probabilities become equal within these classes. This behavior is illustrated
in Fig.~\ref{fig:asymptotic-classes}. One should note that the values of the
limiting distribution depends on the initial state. However, the periodicity is
not affected by the initial state.

\begin{figure}[ht!]
\centering
    \subfigure[Aperiodic case\label{fig:classes1}]{
    \begin{tikzpicture}

    \def 4 {7}
    \def 2.2cm {2.2cm}

    \foreach \s in {1,...,4}
    {
    \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\label}{4-\s};
    \node[draw, circle] (\label) at ({360/4 * (\s+2) }:2.2cm) {};
    }

    \draw[dashed,thick] (6) to (0);

    \def 4 {6}
    \foreach \s in {1,...,4}
    {
        \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\ss}{\s-1};
        \draw[dashed,thick] (\ss) to (\s);
    }

    \def 4 {4}
    \foreach \s in {0,...,4}
    {
        \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\ss}{\s+2};
        \draw[dashed,red,thick] (\s) to (\ss);
    }

    \draw[dashed,red,thick] (5) to (0);
    \draw[dashed,red,thick] (6) to (1);
    \end{tikzpicture}
    }
    \subfigure[Periodic case\label{fig:classes2}]{
    \begin{tikzpicture}

    \def 4 {6}
    \def 2.2cm {2.2cm}

    \foreach \s in {1,...,4}
    {
        \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\label}{4-\s};
        \node[draw, circle] (\label) at ({360/4 * (\s+2) }:2.2cm) {};
    }

    \draw[dashed,thick] (5) to (0);

    \def 4 {5}
    \foreach \s in {1,...,4}
    {
        \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\ss}{\s-1};
        \draw[dashed,thick] (\ss) to (\s);
    }

    \draw[dotted,thick,red] (0) to (2);
    \draw[dotted,thick,red] (2) to (4);
    \draw[dotted,thick,red] (4) to (0);

    \draw[dashdotted,thick,blue] (1) to (3);
    \draw[dashdotted,thick,blue] (3) to (5);
    \draw[dashdotted,thick,blue] (5) to (1);

    \end{tikzpicture}
    }

    \caption{Illustration of the simple networks for the lively walk with $n=6$
    and $n=7$ nodes and the liveliness $a=2$. In the case \subref{fig:classes1}
    all nodes belong to the same class. In the case \subref{fig:classes2} red
    (dotted) and blue (dot-dashed) links connect the nodes corresponding to
    different classes exhibiting different asymptotic behavior.}
    \label{fig:asymptotic-classes}
\end{figure}

\section{Additional properties of lively walks}\label{sec:liveliness}
In this section we focus on some additional properties of the
introduced model. We start by demonstrating that the model enables us to avoid
the trapping of the particle for any coin. Next we study how the periodicity of
the lively walks is disturbed if one of the links in the network is missing.

\subsection{Mean difference of position}

Let us consider the situation when we have two parties (or
players) using the introduced model to execute a quantum walk on a network. The
first player aims at exploring the network, whilst the other one aims at
stopping the exploration by trapping the quantum walk. The second party can
choose the coin used during the walk. Below we demonstrate that in such
situation the introduced model is not vulnerable for the actions of the second
party and the trapping can be avoided for any coin.
\def\ensuremath{\mathbb{E}}{\ensuremath{\mathbb{E}}}

To be more precise we introduce a random variable $(X^\rho, D^\rho)$ that
models the measurement in canonical basis of the joint position and coin
register. Using this concept trapping of a quantum walk would mean that the
probability distribution of the variable $X^{\rho_t}$, for $\rho_t$ being the
state of the system in time $t$, does not change in time. In particular the
expectation value $\ensuremath{\mathbb{E}}(X^{\rho_t})$ would be time-independent.
Thus, in order to avoid trapping we will ensure that the expectation value of
the position changes in time.
\begin{theorem}
Let $\mathcal{H}_C=\mathbb{C}^3$, $\mathcal{H}_P=\mathbb{C}^n$ be Hilbert
spaces and $\mathcal{D}(\mathcal{H}_C)$ and $\mathcal{D}(\mathcal{H}_P)$ spaces
of density operators corresponding to them. Let us suppose that we have a
lively walk with an initial state $\rho_0\in \mathcal{D}(\mathcal{H}_C
\otimes\mathcal{H}_P)$ in the form  $\rho_0=
\frac{1}{3}(\ketbra{0}{0}+\ketbra{1}{1}+\ketbra{2}{2})\otimes{\ketbra{x_0}{x_0}}$.
Then for
arbitrary (time-dependent) three-dimensional coin operator $C_t$ the lively
walk with liveliness $a\neq 0$,  can not be trapped
\emph{i.e.\/}~the difference of the expectation value of the position
$\ensuremath{\mathbb{E}}(X^{\rho_{t+1}})-\ensuremath{\mathbb{E}}(X^{\rho_{t}})$ in time $t$ is
non-zero.
\end{theorem}

\noindent One should note that in principle $C_t$ can change at each step of the
evolution. For this reason this theorem can be applied for the model with the
time-dependent coin operator.

\medskip

\begin{proof}
	First, we note that the shift operator from Eq.~(\ref{eq:shift}) may be
	represented in a different form
	\begin{equation}
	S^{(n,a)} = \sum\limits_{c=0}^2\ketbra{c}{c}\otimes U_c^{(n,a)},
	\end{equation}
	where $U_c^{(n,a)}=\sum_x\ketbra{x+\Delta_c^{(a)}}{x}$,
	$\Delta_c^{(a)}=-\delta_{c,0}+\delta_{c,1}+a\delta_{c,2}$ and we perform
	addition modulo $n$.
	We also note that each pair of matrices $U_c^{(n,a)}$
	commute. Let $\{\ket{e_m}\}_{m=1}^{n}$ be eigenvectors of matrices
	$U_c^{(n,a)}$.
	By mathematical induction we will show that state after arbitrary number of
	evolutions is of the form

	\begin{alignat}{1}
	\rho =
	\sum\limits_{ij}\sum\limits_{ml}\rho_{ij,ml}\ketbra{i}{j}\otimes\ketbra{e_m}{e_l},
	\label{eq:ind_assumption}
	\end{alignat}
	where
	\begin{equation}
	\rho_{ij,mm} =\frac{1}{3}\delta_{ij}a_m \textrm{ with }\ a_m=
	\braket{e_m}{x_0}
	\braket{x_0}{e_m}
	\textrm{ and } \ \sum\limits_{m}a_m=1.
	\label{eq:ind_assumption2}
	\end{equation}

	Let us show that the relation in
	Eq.~(\ref{eq:ind_assumption2}) are
	valid for the initial state. Matrix elements of $\rho_0$ are of the form
	\begin{equation}
	\begin{split}
	\bra{i,e_m}\rho_0\ket{j,e_m}&=\bra{i,e_m}
	\left(\frac{{\rm 1\hspace{-0.9mm}l}_3}{3}\otimes\ket{x_0}
	\bra{x_0}\right)\ket{j,e_m}\\
	& =\frac{1}{3}\braket{i}{j}\otimes\braket{e_m}{x_0}
	\braket{x_0}{e_m}=\frac{1}{3}a_m\delta_{ij},
	\label{exeption_initial}
	\end{split}
	\end{equation}
	where $\ket{i}, \ket{j}$, $i,j = 0,1,2$, are the states of the canonical coin basis.

	Next we will demonstrate inductive step.
	\begin{equation}
	\begin{split}
	\bra{i,e_m}U\rho U^\dagger\ket{j,e_m}&=\bra{i,e_m}S^{(n,a)}(C_t\otimes\1_n)\rho
	(C_t^\dagger\otimes\1_n)S^{(n,a)\dagger}\ket{j,e_m}\\
	&=e^{\mathrm{i} \alpha_{i,m}}\bra{i,e_m}(C_t\otimes\1_n)\rho(C_t^\dagger
	\otimes\1_n) \ket{j,e_m}e^{-\mathrm{i}\alpha_{j,m}}\\
	&=e^{\mathrm{i}
	(\alpha_{i,m}-\alpha_{j,m})}\sum\limits_{c,c'}(\bra{i}C_t\ket{c}\bra{c,e_m})
	\rho(\bra{c'}C_t^\dagger\ket{j}\ket{c',e_m})\\
	&=e^{\mathrm{i} (\alpha_{i,m}-\alpha_{j,m})}\sum\limits_{c,c'}\bra{i}C_t\ket{c}
	\bra{c'}C_t^\dagger\ket{j}\bra{c,e_m}
	\rho\ket{c',e_m}\\
	&= e^{\mathrm{i} (\alpha_{i,m}-\alpha_{j,m})}
	\frac{1}{3}a_m\sum\limits_{c}\bra{i}C_t\ket{c}\bra{c}C_t^\dagger\ket{j}\\
	&= e^{\mathrm{i} (\alpha_{i,m}-\alpha_{j,m})}
	\frac{1}{3}a_m\delta_{ij}=\frac{1}{3}a_m\delta_{ij},
	\end{split}
	\end{equation}
	where $e^{\mathrm{i} \alpha_{i,m}}$ is eigenvalue of $S$ which is corresponding to
	eigenvector $\ket{i,e_m}$.

	Now we can show that the state from Eq.~(\ref{eq:ind_assumption}) after
	partial
	trace on position register is of the form $\frac{\1_3}{3}$.
	\begin{equation}
	\begin{split}
	\tr_P(\rho)&=\sum\limits_k
	\1_3\otimes\bra{e_k}\Big(\sum\limits_{ij}\sum\limits_{ml}
	\rho_{ij,ml}\ketbra{i}{j}\otimes\ketbra{e_m}{e_l}\Big)\1_3\otimes\ket{e_k}\\
	&=\sum\limits_k\sum\limits_{ij}\sum\limits_{ml}\rho_{ij,ml}\ketbra{i}{j}
	\braket{e_k}{e_m}\braket{e_l}{e_k}\\
	&=\sum\limits_{ij}\sum\limits_{m}\frac{1}{3}a_m\delta_{ij}\ketbra{i}{j}=\frac{{\rm 1\hspace{-0.9mm}l}_3}{3}.
	\end{split}
	\end{equation}

	The above result implies that after an arbitrary number of steps, a quantum
	walker moves right, left or jumps with equal probabilities.

	Let $X^{\rho_{t}},D^{\rho_{t}}$ be random variables corresponding to the
	measurement on
	the position and
	coin register after $t$ steps, respectively.
	 Furthermore let $\rho_t^C=(C\otimes {\rm 1\hspace{-0.9mm}l}_n)\rho_t (C\otimes
	{\rm 1\hspace{-0.9mm}l}_n)^\dagger.$ We have

	\begin{equation}
	\begin{split}
	\ensuremath{\mathbb{E}}(X^{\rho_{t+1}})&=\frac{1}{3}\ensuremath{\mathbb{E}}(X^{\rho_{t+1}}|
	D^{\rho_{t+1}}=0)
	+\frac{1}{3}\ensuremath{\mathbb{E}}(X^{\rho_{t+1}}|D^{\rho_{t+1}}=1)
		+\frac{1}{3}\ensuremath{\mathbb{E}}(X^{\rho_{t+1}}|D^{\rho_{t+1}}=2)\\
	&=\frac{1}{3}\Big(\ensuremath{\mathbb{E}}(X^{\rho_{t}^C}|D^{\rho_{t}^C}=0)-1\Big)
	+\frac{1}{3}\Big(\ensuremath{\mathbb{E}}(X^{\rho_{t}^C}|D^{\rho_{t}^C}=1)+1\Big)
	+\frac{1}{3}\Big(\ensuremath{\mathbb{E}}(X^{\rho_{t}^C}|D^{\rho_{t}^C}=2)+a\Big)\\
	&=\frac{1}{3}\Big(\ensuremath{\mathbb{E}}(X^{\rho_{t}^C}|D^{\rho_{t}}=0)+\ensuremath{\mathbb{E}}(X^{\rho_{t}^C}|D^{\rho_{t}}=1)+
	\ensuremath{\mathbb{E}}(X^{\rho_{t}^C}|D^{\rho_{t}}=2)\Big)+\frac{1}{3}\Big(-1+1+a\Big)\\
	&=\ensuremath{\mathbb{E}}(X^{\rho_{t}^C})+\frac{1}{3}(-1+1+a)\\
	&=\ensuremath{\mathbb{E}}(X^{\rho_{t}})+\frac{a}{3},
	\end{split}
	\end{equation}
	where $P(D^{\rho_{t+1}}=i)=\frac{1}{3}$ for all $i\in\{0,1,2\}$.
	This proves the claim.
\end{proof}

One should note that this enables the user to obtain an arbitrary change of
position. This does not depend on whether the $\mathrm{GCD}(a,n)>1$.

\subsection{Networks with broken links}
As the second application of the introduced model we describe a simple method of
detecting link failures in the network~\cite{feldman10structural}.

Let us consider the network delivering the connection for the implementation of
the lively quantum walk. In such situation the limiting distribution will have
the properties described in Section~\ref{sec:periodicity}.

Let us now consider a failure of the network, which can be described as a lack
of one of the links (see~Fig.~\ref{fig:broken-link}). In this case the
\emph{broken link} can be understood as a connection error or as an action of a
malicious party.

\begin{figure}[ht!]
\centering
\subfigure[Complete lively walk\label{fig:cycle-full}]{
\begin{tikzpicture}

\def 4 {7}
\def 2.2cm {2.2cm}

\foreach \s in {1,...,4}
{
    \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\label}{4-\s};
    \node[draw, circle] (\label) at ({360/4 * (\s+2) }:2.2cm) {\label};
}

\draw[dashed,thick] (6) to (0);

\def 4 {6}
\foreach \s in {1,...,4}
{
    \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\ss}{\s-1};
    \draw[dashed,thick] (\ss) to (\s);
}

\def 4 {4}
\foreach \s in {0,...,4}
{
    \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\ss}{\s+2};
    \draw[dashed,thick] (\s) to (\ss);
}

\draw[dashed,thick] (5) to (0);
\draw[dashed,thick] (6) to (1);
\end{tikzpicture}
}
\subfigure[Network with one broken link\label{fig:cycle-broken}]{
\begin{tikzpicture}

\def 4 {7}
\def 2.2cm {2.2cm}

\foreach \s in {1,...,4}
{
    \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\label}{4-\s};
    \node[draw, circle] (\label) at ({360/4 * (\s+2) }:2.2cm) {\label};
}
\def 4 {6}
\foreach \s in {1,...,4}
{
    \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\ss}{\s-1};
    \draw[dashed,thick] (\ss) to (\s);
}

\def 4 {4}
\foreach \s in {0,...,4}
{
    \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\ss}{\s+2};
    \draw[dashed,thick] (\s) to (\ss);
}
\draw[dashed,thick] (5) to (0);
\draw[dashed,thick] (6) to (1);
\end{tikzpicture}
}

    \caption{Illustration of the simple network with one broken link for the
    lively walk with $n=7$ nodes and $a=2$. For the standard quantum walker the
    broken cycle (case~\subref{fig:cycle-broken}) is equivalent to the line
    segment.}
    \label{fig:broken-link}
\end{figure}

We can define the model used to describe a lively walk on a cycle with one broken
link. We assume that the walker is able to execute moves with $a=2$. In such
case the shift operator is given as
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
S_B^{n,2} = &\sum_{x=1}^{n-2} S_{x}^{n,2}
+ \ketbra{1}{0}\otimes\ketbra{0}{0}
+ \ketbra{1}{1}\otimes\ketbra{1}{0}
+ \ketbra{2}{2}\otimes\ketbra{2}{0} \\
&+ \ketbra{0}{1}\otimes\ketbra{n-1}{n-1}
+ \ketbra{0}{0}\otimes\ketbra{n-2}{n-1}
+ \ketbra{2}{2}\otimes\ketbra{0}{n-2}
\end{split}.
\label{eqn:lively-broken}
\end{equation}

\begin{figure}[ht!]
    \centering

\subfigure[$a=5$\label{fig:fullbroken5}]{\includegraphics{plotFullBroken_p5}}

\subfigure[$a=7$\label{fig:fullbroken7}]{\includegraphics{plotFullBroken_p7}}\\

\subfigure[$a=11$\label{fig:fullbroken11}]{\includegraphics{plotFullBroken_p11}}
    \caption{Influence of one broken link on the time-averaged limiting
    probability distribution. Limiting distributions for the cases without
    broken link are plotted in black dotted line, whlist limiting
distributions
    for the cases with one broken link are plotted in solid red line.
    The periodicity of the time-averaged
    limiting distribution is disturbed around the nodes without the connection.
    Here the broken link is located between nodes 18 and 19 (case
    \subref{fig:fullbroken5}), 24 and 25 (case \subref{fig:fullbroken7}), and
38 and 39
    (case \subref{fig:fullbroken11}), respectively and the initial state is of
the
    form $\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}(\ket{0}+\ket{1}+\ket{2})\otimes\ket{0}$.}
    \label{fig:broken-limiting}
\end{figure}

The second part of Eq.~(\ref{eqn:lively-broken}) can be interpreted as the
laziness condition -- \emph{e.g.\/}\ in position $\ket{0}$ with coin
pointing in the direction of a broken link, the walker does not move and the
coin is changed from $\ket{0}$ to $\ket{1}$. However, one should note that due to the
possibility of executing steps with a larger range, the cycle with broken links
is not equivalent to a line segment.

The time-averaged limiting distribution in this situation is presented in
Fig.~\ref{fig:broken-limiting}. One can easily observe that the situation where
one of the links is missing has a significant
impact on the periodicity of the limiting distribution. The
disturbance is particularly strong around the location of the broken link.

\begin{figure}[ht!]
    \centering
	\subfigure[$a=5$\label{fig:chernoff5}]{\includegraphics{plotChernoff5}}
	\subfigure[$a=7$\label{fig:chernoff7}]{\includegraphics{plotChernoff7}}\\
	\subfigure[$a=11$\label{fig:chernoff11}]{\includegraphics{plotChernoff11}}
    \caption{Number of measurement required to assess if the
    network has one broken link. The plots represent results obtained for
    networks with number of nodes being a multiplicity of the liveliness
    parameter. Broken links are always between $\lfloor \frac{n}{2}\rfloor$ and
    $\lfloor \frac{n}{2}\rfloor+1$ nodes, where $n$ is number of nodes and the
    initial state is of the
    form$\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}(\ket{0}+\ket{1}+\ket{2})\otimes\ket{0}$.}
    \label{fig:chernoff}
\end{figure}

Suppose we know the limiting distribution for the networks
without and with a broken link, and denote them respectively $P_0$ and $P_1$. We
want to asses if the given network has a broken link. In other words we need to
make a statistical test which tells us if the considered model has distribution
$P_0$ or $P_1$. Our goal is to estimate how many measurements are needed to
discover one broken link and how this number depends on the size of the
network.

This problem is equivalent to finding the relationship between
the best ability to distinguish between statistical hypothesis ($H_0:\ P_0$ and
$H_1:\ P_1$) and the size of a statistical sample (the number of measurements)
\cite{baigneres2008complexity}. The ability of distinguishing hypothesis is
called the advantage and is expressed as
\begin{equation}
Adv_{q}(P_0,P_1)=|1-\alpha - \beta|,
\end{equation}
where $q$ denotes a number of statistical samples, and $\alpha$
and $\beta$ are errors of type I and II, respectively.
It turns out that there is a connection between the number of samples and the
best advantage for
distinguishing between distributions $P_0$ and $P_1$
\begin{equation}
\label{bestAdvantage}
1-BestAdv_q(P_0,P_1)\doteq2^{-qC(P_0,P_1)},
\end{equation}
where $\doteq$ denotes that two functions are asymptotically
equivalent and $C(P_0,P_1)$ is called Chernoff information
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:Chernoff_inf}
C(P_0,P_1)=-\inf\limits_{0<\lambda<1}\log\sum\limits_i P_0(i)^\lambda
P_1(i)^{1-\lambda}.
\end{equation}
From Eq. (\ref{bestAdvantage}) we obtain that if we have
$q\approx\frac{1}{C(P_0,P_1)}$ samples, then we have the maximal ability to
distinguish $P_0$ from $P_1$.

The number of measurements required in the case of lively quantum
walk with one broken link is presented in Fig.~\ref{fig:chernoff}. It is
important to say, that results presented in Fig.~\ref{fig:chernoff} are
obtained by numerical approximation of Chernoff
information~(\ref{eq:Chernoff_inf}). One can
observe that for large networks this number decreases with the growing
liveliness parameter. This reflects the fact that the smaller networks and for
the small liveliness parameter, the density of connections is higher. In such
case one broken link does not have big impact on the network structure and, as
the result, on the time-averaged limiting distribution. On the other hand, for
larger networks and large liveliness parameter, the density of connections
becomes smaller. This results in more significant impact of the broken
connection on the observed behavior of the walk.

\section{Concluding remarks}\label{sec:concluding}
In this work we have introduced and studied a parametrized model
of a quantum walk on cycle. The introduced model can be used to
study the situation where the near-neighbor communication in the network is
supplemented by the existence of the long-range links between the selected
nodes.

The introduced model displays the periodicity of the
time-averaged limiting distribution. We have proved that the periodicity of the limiting
distribution is connected with the liveliness parameter.

The existence of additional connections enables the
utilization of the introduced model for the purpose of quantum network
exploration.
In particular, the additional connection allows avoiding the
trapping of the walker for any choice of the coin. This makes the lively walk
resistant to the actions of a malicious party disturbing the programme of the
quantum walker exploring the network.

Thanks to the introduction of additional connections, the
lively walk can preserve its properties in the situation when one of the links
is missing. This represents the situation when a structural error in the network
occurs. We have shown that such errors disturb the periodicity properties of the
introduced model. Moreover, one can argue that the additional connections can be
beneficial from the point of view of quantum walk integrity. This is due to the
fact that the additional connections make the network more resistant to broken
links.

\paragraph*{Acknowledgements}
Work of PS has been supported by Polish National Science Centre under the
research project 2013/11/N/ST6/03030, JAM has been supported by Ministry of
Science and Higher Education under Iuventus Plus project IP 2014 031073 and MO
has been supported by Polish National Science Centre under the research project
2011/03/D/ST6/00413.

Authors would like to thank {\L.}~Pawela and Z.~Pucha{\l}a for helpful
suggestions and discussions during the preparation of the manuscript.

\bibliographystyle{unsrt}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
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The event may have been cancelled early on due to weather; however, Mother Nature herself could not stop professional golfers Mark Wilson, Craig Stadler and Thomas Bjørn from achieving the statistically near-impossible: all three golfers made a hole in one today, April 4, 2012 during the 2012 Masters Par 3 Tournament.
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Almost one decade after the Institute of Medicine defined primary care, only one-third of the American public is able to identify any of the medical specialties that provide it, and only 17% were able to accurately distinguish primary care physicians from medical or surgical specialists and non-physicians. This lack of discrimination compromises the goal of achieving primary care for all and merits immediate attention.
When the Institute of Medicine (IOM) was charged to "provide guidance for augmenting and improving primary care as an essential component of an effective and efficient health care system" it discovered primary care was so poorly understood in the United States that the charge could not be undertaken without updating the definition of primary care. This definition, published in 1996, states: primary care is the provision of integrated, accessible health care services by clinicians who are accountable for addressing a large majority of personal health care needs, developing a sustained partnership with patients, and practicing in the context of family and community. The IOM recognized those physicians trained in family medicine, general internal medicine and general pediatrics, as well as many nurse practitioners and physician assistants, as key providers of primary care.
The Future of Family Medicine Project (FFM), a collaborative effort by national family medicine organizations, commissioned Roper ASW to survey 1031 people between June 14 and July 1, 2002. The sample represents the general population of the U.S. with regard to race, ethnicity, gender, age and location. Respondents were asked to identify "all the different kinds of primary care physicians (PCPs) you can think of." Patients were permitted several responses. Half responded they "didn't know." Only 17% of the respondents were able to accurately identify at least one type of primary care physician without also misidentifying non-primary care specialists or non-physicians as primary care physicians.
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Stock Keister MC, Green LA, Kahn NB, Phillips RL, McCann J, Fryer GE. What people want from their family physician. Graham Center One-Pager #26. Accessed online May 2004 at: http://www.graham-center.org/onepager26.xml.
Published in American Family Physician, May 15, 2004. Am Fam Physician. 2004;69(10):2312. This series is coordinated by Sumi Sexton, MD, AFP Associate Medical Editor.


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text:
New York Real Estate News
The History Behind The Subterranean Retail Hubs Of Rockefeller Center, Grand Central And Penn Station
New York Retail View count:
New York Retail
January 26, 2016 Scott Klocksin, Bisnow
There's nothing like an epic snowstorm to make you want to hide underground. We recently caught up with Eastern Consolidated principal Adelaide Polsinelli and New York Historical Tours director Kevin Draper and did just that at three of the city's most famous spots for subterranean shopping.
The 22 acres that cover Rockefeller Center were the original home of the New York Botanical Garden, before it moved to the Bronx. In the 1850s, Columbia University began buying up land in the area, and leased the land out to users, most famously John D Rockefeller Jr., until the land was sold to The Rockefeller Group in 1985. (Tishman Speyer owns it now, after paying $1.85B for it in 2000. RXR picked up a 99-year ground lease for 75 Rockefeller Plaza for $420M in late 2012.)
Kevin says it came down to a combination of historical accident and real estate acumen that brought Rockefeller Center into being. Oh, and the massive oil and real estate fortune Rockefeller could deploy. That didn't hurt.
In the 1920s, banking magnate Otto Kahn convinced Rockefeller to build a new opera house at the site. Trouble was, the Great Depression hit, the opera house as originally conceived proved not to be viable, and Rockefeller was faced with a choice: pull out of the project or double down and do something transformative and finance it mostly on his own.
He chose the latter, and Kevin says that to do it, Rockefeller had to do what today would be just about unthinkable: he approached every individual tenant in the low-rise buildings on the land and convinced them to take a buyout.
Rockefeller's idea was to link the complex, which would ultimately come to 19 buildings, with underground corridors—about a mile of them in all, Kevin says. Attractions like one of the first modern escalators, and the now-world famous Christmas tree and ice skating rink, were a way of getting people to the complex to shop underground—which was a tough sell at first, Kevin says.
Saks Fifth Avenue refused to allow an underground passageway through its property, Kevin tells us, because the store didn't trust the untested idea and thought it might bring the wrong kinds of people around.
Nowadays, it's not such a hard sell. Adelaide tells us the combination of prestige and foot traffic commands rents that can hit $250-$500/SF for a 2,400 SF spread, depending on where the space is within the concourse.
The current Grand Central Terminal opened in 1913 to be the grand terminus of the newly electrified rail line leading to points north. The trains had been steam powered before the early 1900s, and the real estate dynamic was kind of the opposite of what we have today: most people didn't want to live or set up businesses anywhere near trains.
These days, Adelaide says, near the trains is exactly where you want to be. She says about 750,000 people pass through Grand Central every day, and the number's closer to a million around the holidays.
Let's put that in perspective: Macy's flagship store at Herald Square gets about 55,000 visitors a day.
And it's not just the numbers. Consider the demographics: about half the people passing through make six figures, Adelaide tells us, and 20% pull in $200k or more. That helps certain kiosk-type spaces in the terminal hit rents as high as $8k/SF.
And of course, the Terminal's retail centerpiece is the envy of just about any landlord: the world's largest Apple Store. Apple pays around $60/SF for its 23k SF footprint overlooking the famous concourse. Other retailers in the building pay a portion of any profits made from sales, but Apple keeps its profits at the Grand Central store.
Why such a sweet deal? Adelaide says it boils down to how badly the MTA, which owns the building, wanted them. "Some tenants are worth those kinds of concessions for the cachet they bring and their reliability as tenants," she says.
We might not have the terminal today if a plan hatched in 1968 to build an office tower in its place had succeeded. Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis led efforts to preserve the terminal, and Kevin says that effort to save it may have had the momentum to succeed because of leftover anger at the loss of another famous railway station about a mile and a half to the southwest.
The original Penn Station, designed by McKim Mead & White and opened in 1910, had ceilings about twice the height of those at Grand Central and was hailed as a masterwork of Beaux-Arts architecture. It was in an area near today's Garment District that was called the Tenderloin because, the lore goes, local police would brag that extra income made turning a blind eye to organized crime would allow them to eat lavishly.
The idea, Kevin says, was for the Pennsylvania Railroad to compete with the New York Central Railroad, which controlled Grand Central, and in the process transform the Tenderloin into a top-flight commercial district. But by mid-century, the rise of the private automobile and steep declines in long distance rail travel meant that both railroads struggled, eventually merging by the late '60s.
Something had to be done, and as so often happens in NYC, it had to start with real estate. The original terminal was torn down beginning in 1963 to make way for the station we know today. Preservationists were horrified. Kevin says the loss of the original building galvanized modern preservation in NYC more than any other single event.
"You used to enter New York City like a god," Kevin says, paraphrasing Yale architecture professor Vincent Scully, who famously lampooned the design of the current station after it opened. "With this new terminal, you were entering like a rat."
Few of the original flourishes survive, but Kevin pointed out a set of red beams that he says survived the demolition by sheer accident. "The lack of care put into the design was really astounding," he says.
Fret not, ye who cherish old things. Across Eighth Avenue from the station sits the Farley Post Office, designed in tandem with the original Penn Station by McKim Mead & White. It figures prominently in a $2B proposal to redesign the station. Instead of being all underground, it'll have broad skylights and offer views of the historic post office. The plan, as it stands, calls for $1B to go toward new retail development along Seventh and Ninth avenues, including in the Farley.
Adelaide admired the post office building as we emerged from underground and wrapped up the tour, offering a parting thought: "I smell an Apple Store in there."
Contact Scott Klocksin at scott.klocksin@bisnow.com
Related Topics: Tishman Speyer, Eastern Consolidated, Adelaide Polsinelli, Kevin Draper, Rockefeller Center, Grand Central Terminal, Penn Station, 75 Rockefeller Center
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text:
Dow-DuPont tax acrobatics more clever than cagey
Buffer solution
15 December 2015 By Kevin Allison
Investors cheering the planned $130 billion merger of Dow Chemical and DuPont should raise a glass to the lawyers. Last week's deal might never have come together without rarely exploited fine print in the U.S. tax code that should avoid any tax on capital gains.
Dow and DuPont are planning a merger of equals followed by a breakup into three separate listed companies. Generally, the Internal Revenue Service discourages such multistep deals. When half or more of a unit's shares change hands in association with a spinoff, the parent company or shareholders can end up with a big bill from Uncle Sam. Dow shareholders taking a 50 percent stake in former DuPont assets as a result of the merger and split plan could trigger a tax liability for DuPont or its owners, and vice versa.
The relevant section of the U.S. tax code also gave the world the reverse Morris Trust, a convoluted structure companies use to avoid taxes when planning a spinoff followed by a prearranged merger. Dow and DuPont, though, have carved out an even less common way to sidestep the IRS.
The key is that investors who hold shares of both companies before the merger don't count towards the 50 percent threshold. With the merged business divided equally between the two groups of owners, all that's needed is overlapping shareholder registers – and the same five institutions, led by Vanguard and State Street, appear in both companies' top 10, according to Thomson Reuters data. This means Dow, DuPont and their owners should avoid paying tax, according to Robert Willens, a tax consultant.
U.S. companies engage in all manner of tax-saving contortions. Pfizer is expected to save billions of dollars by moving its tax domicile overseas as part of its $160 billion merger with Botox maker Allergan, for example. Known as inversions, such deals have drawn ire from politicians and the public.
For Dow and DuPont, though, the strategic rationale of the whole plan is sound. And two U.S. industrial blue-chips with essentially the same market value are bound to have common shareholders. The tax liability is also deferred until shares are sold, not removed altogether. Rather than being cagey, fitting the deal into byzantine tax rules looks like clever opportunism.
Source: REUTERS/Jonathan Ernst/
Reuters: Third Point's Loeb calls for removal of Dow Chemical chief Liveris: WSJ
Reuters: Dow, DuPont eye big tax savings in rare merger of equals
Merger agreement
Dow Chemical tempts fate with $5 bln chlorine sale
Dow-DuPont an activist coup on Corporate America
Dow-DuPont reaction could produce $20 bln in value
DowDuPont tests limits of ambitious M&A
Dow-DuPont deal would be tough nut for interlopers
Air Products and Evonik neutralize deal imbalance
Dow Chemical and DuPont have agreed to combine in a $130 billion merger of equals, the U.S. chemical producers said on Dec. 11. The transaction, followed by a planned split into three separate publicly traded companies, is expected to be tax-free for both companies and their shareholders.


text:
Q: Change global tint per target I am writing an app with multiple targets and want to change the default tint color for each target individually. I have a file containing constants for each target, including the definition for the tint color, kTintColor.
This is what I tried to do:
self.window?.tintColor = kTintColor
UIView.appearance().tintColor = kTintColor

The tint color changes as i want to, but it causes another problem:
In some of my views, I need to change the tint of a single UIBarButtonItem while the others keep the global tint.
This is achieved by calling self.barBtnX.tintColor = ...
If I user the global tint color set in my storyboard file, this works as expected. However, after changing the tint color in my AppDelegate it stops working.
Is there another way to do this?
EDIT:
I am able to change the global tint color for each target, but after I do so, I can no longer change the tint color of a single UIBarButtonItem. I want to know if there is a way to achieve both.

A: First, you can make a dictionary with each key/value pair being a target name/tint color value.
var TintColorDictionary:NSDictionary = [
    "target_name_1": "tint_color_1",
    "target_name_2": "tint_color_2",
              "...": "..."
];

Then, take a look here: How to get a target name in iOS.
Then  just pass in the target name and get your tint color!
Good luck!

A: I found a solution to my problem. Here is a step by step guide:
TLDR:
Don't change the tint color, change the image rendering mode.
Define tint colors
Add file called Constants-TargetName.swift for each target and add it to the buid settings of the corresponding target. Inside that file goes the definition for the global tint color (and other global constants for that target if needed).
let kTintColor = UIColor(red: 0.0, green: 0.0, blue: 170.0/255.0, alpha: 1.0)
Set global tint color
Change the global tint color in AppDelegate.swift, inside application(didFinishLaunchingWithOptions):
UIView.appearance().tintColor = kTintColor
Change the color of a UIBarButtonItem
Set your image to have the color you want to change it to. I my case, I have a blue global tint color and the images are gray. So the code below switches colors between gray and blue.
Instead of changing the tint color for a single UIBarButtonItem, change its image:
if globalTintColor {
  self.btn.image = UIImage(named: "ImgName")?.imageWithRenderingMode(.AlwaysTemplate)
} else {
  self.btn.image = UIImage(named: "ImgName")?.imageWithRenderingMode(.AlwaysOriginal)
}


text:
Death Penalty Or Life In Prison Cost
The United States is one of the few nations in the world that still uses the death penalty for certain crimes. Many are against capital punishment as it is "barbaric" or against "American values". Some feel that death penalty acts as a deterrent for certain crimes like murder. It has been a matter of debate in the US as to whether death penalty is better than life imprisonment or vice versa.
Many interpret death penalty as violation of the 8th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution which prevents the use of "cruel and unusual punishment". Whether it is a gas chamber or a firing squad, most feel that it is inhuman to allow state-sanctioned "murder" before a crowd of people.
Some feel that life imprisonment is a more effective deterrent than death penalty. In fact, it is a worse punishment than the latter as a person suffers and feels guilty for decades. Prisoners live an internal environment of violence. The suffering for death penalty is instant.
There are many cases where innocent individuals are put to death. This is because of imperfect justice system where poor defendants are given minimum legal attention and hence, suffer more. Therefore, death penalty should be banned because of the imperfect judicial system.
For supporters of death penalty, the reasons are more practical and concrete. There should be a variety of punishments in order to minimize crime. Death penalty acts as a deterrent in areas where murder, felony and rape are rampant. Moreover, prisoner parole can give criminals more chances to commit crimes.
Capital Chamber Gas Punishment
Death Penalty For Drug Transportation In The Us
Reason For The Death Penalty For Terrorist
Reasons In Favor Of Capital Punishment
Trends In Methods Of Capital Punishment
United States Laws On The Death Penalty
What Crimes Are Punished By The Death Penalty
Before going deep into the reasons for the death penalty for terrorists, we need know the correct legal definition of terrorism. The U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) defines terrorism as the calculated use of unlawful violence or threat of unlawful violence to inculcate fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate governments or societies in the pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious, or ideological. More..
( Death Penalty Or Life In Prison Cost )


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"During my terms as President of the Hawaii Fire Chiefs Association (HFCA), Brian Ezuka provided expert legal advice and superior work in establishing the HFCA as a non-profit 501c3 organization.
The Hawaii Fire Chiefs Association (HFCA) was formed on August 25, 1978, to cultivate a closer fraternal fellowship among the several branches of fire service organizations throughout the State of Hawaii.


text:
Secret Cinema event expands in 2010
By Total Film 2010-06-17T07:00:00.167Z News
Tickets still available for underground film club
Secret Cinema, the film club that screens films across London in a covert manner, is set to have its biggest year yet in 2010.
Taking place between 15 – 20 June, the concept is easy – buy a ticket for £23.50 (£19.50 for students), then a few days later the location of the clandestine screening is revealed. But it's not until seconds before the film starts that it's announced just what you'll be watching.
Which could be a terrifying prospect if the Secret Cinema folks decided to shove Troll 2 down your throat. But past years have seen them select the awesome likes of Ghostbusters , Wings Of Desire , Bugsy Malone and Alien .
This year, the event has been expanded to take place over six days, and tickets are still on sale . Not only will you get a screening, but also live performers alongside cutting edge multimedia and music.
If you're bored of going to the Cineplex and having tweens yelling into their phones or kicking the back of your seat, Secret Cinema is the perfect alternative – a place for people who genuinely love films.
Secret Cinema are calling for "adventurers, star-gazers, explorers and those that may be stranded due to eruptions to join them on its next journey", so if you're up to it, head on over to secretcinema.org and grab yourself a ticket.
Attended Secret Cinema before? What did you think to it?


text:
Q: Numpy array access function derivative I try to come up with the derivative to the following function:
def f(x, item):
  return x[item]

def df_dx(x, item):
  pass

where item is as defined in the numpy doc can be list, slice, int, list of slice.
But there are so many edge cases but it feels like there should be a very easy multiplication between two tensors that should be kind of the answer. Can anyone help?
I tried something like this:
 to_length = lambda i: i if type(i) == int else len(
            range(i.start, (i.stop if i.stop is not None else -1), (i.step if i.step is not None else 1)))

        input_shape = list(X.shape)
        seg_shape = []
        if type(self.item) == int or type(self.item) == slice:
            seg_shape = [to_length(self.item)]
        elif type(self.item) == list:
            seg_shape = [to_length(i) for i in self.item]
        else:
            raise Exception(f"Unknown type {type(self.item)}")

        v = np.zeros(seg_shape + input_shape)
        if len(seg_shape) == 1:
            # np.fill_diagonal(v[:, self.i:self.i + self.n], 1)
            np.fill_diagonal(v[..., self.item], 1)
            return v
        elif len(seg_shape) == 2:
            np.fill_diagonal(v[:, :, self.item[0], self.item[1]], 1)
            return v

But it didn't really work.

A: Your defined function isn't continuous.  There is a numpy gradient function.  Which may do what you want.
import numpy as np

x = ( np.arange( 20 ) - 10 ) * .1
x = x*x

x
#  array([1.  , 0.81, 0.64, 0.49, 0.36, 0.25, 0.16, 0.09, 0.04, 0.01, 0.  ,
#         0.01, 0.04, 0.09, 0.16, 0.25, 0.36, 0.49, 0.64, 0.81])

def f(x, item):
    return x[item]

def df_dx(x, item):
    return np.gradient( x )[ item ]

df_dx( x, None )
# array([[-0.19, -0.18, -0.16, -0.14, -0.12, -0.1 , -0.08, -0.06, -0.04,
#         -0.02,  0.  ,  0.02,  0.04,  0.06,  0.08,  0.1 ,  0.12,  0.14,
#          0.16,  0.17]])

df_dx( x, [ 2, 8, 10, 17 ] )
# array([-0.16, -0.04,  0.  ,  0.14])


Cascade CMS is available from any computer with internet access that is connected to the campus network. Special software is not required.
Open the Mozilla Firefox browser and navigate to webedit.brandeis.edu.
Best Practice: We recommend using Mozilla Firefox for all web applications, including Cascade CMS.
The Brandeis Log In page should appear. Enter your UNet username and passphrase. Click on the Log In button.
To access Cascade CMS off campus, you must install Pulse Secure, a standalone program that allows you to connect to Brandeis' virtual private network (VPN).
To install Pulse Secure, open the Mozilla Firefox browser and navigate to wormhole.brandeis.edu.
Toward the bottom of this screen, click on the Start button across from the Pulse Secure icon to start the installation process.
When the installation is complete, click Connect, then navigate your browser to webedit.brandeis.edu.
You should see the Brandeis Log In screen. Enter your UNet username and password to login to Cascade CMS.
Note: Once Junos Pulse Secure is installed, you no longer need to log in through Wormhole. Simply open the Pulse Secure program and select Connect, then navigate your browser to webedit.brandeis.edu.
Read instructions for viewing webtest pages from off campus.