text:
QANTAS First Class service to Asia resumes0
Airline News, British Airways, QANTAS, Singapore Airlines
After an almost five year hiatus, QANTAS will once again offer a First Class service to Singapore from tomorrow, 04 March 2018 with the resumption of A380 operated flights from Sydney. When the A380 flights to London were re-routed via Dubai as a consequence of the Emirates alliance, it also signaled the end of First
Emirates' new First Class configuration revealed?0
Airline News, Airline Revenue, Emirates, Etihad, Singapore Airlines
The configuration for the much anticipated new Emirates First Class product may have been revealed. Seat maps on the carrier's daily Dubai – Seattle Boeing 777-300ER operated services (EK229/EK230) show a different seating configuration from 01 December 2017. The present First Class product on the Emirates Boeing 777-300ERs/200LRs feature 8 Suites in a 1 x
Singapore Airlines not going ahead with Sydney-Jakarta flights0
Airline News, Airline Revenue, Singapore Airlines
Singapore Airlines is delaying the launch of non-stop Sydney – Jakarta services which were meant to start on 26 November 2016. In a press release to Australian travel agents, the carrier states: "SIA had earlier announced that it planned to launch new three-times-weekly Singapore-Jakarta-Sydney flights on 23 November 2016. The Indonesian civil aviation authorities had
QANTAS resumes Perth – Singapore services0
Airline Revenue, QANTAS, Singapore Airlines
QANTAS will resume flights between Perth and Singapore which were suspended in May 2014. The carrier will use two class Boeing 737-800 aircraft five times weekly from 26 June. The Perth – Singapore market is also served four times daily with wide body 777/330 aircraft by Singapore Airlines, twice daily with Jetstar Asia A320s and
Singapore Airlines to Introduce Next Generation of Cabin Products on Australian Routes0
Airline News, Singapore Airlines
Singapore Airlines will introduced its next generation of cabin products on flights from Singapore to Sydney and Melbourne. The airline's newest cabin products are featured on the new Boeing 777-300ER aircraft, which will be deployed on selected flights from 27 November 2014 to Sydney and from 29 March 2015 to Melbourne. The "next-generation" 777-300ER as referred to by the
Singapore Airlines adds Cairns with SilkAir0
Singapore Airlines' regional subsidiary SilkAir will add Cairns to the networks, its second Australian city after Darwin. Cairns was last served in the 90s with Singapore Airlines A310 aircraft. Previously the route was also served by Australian Airlines prior to the carrier;s re-integration into QANTAS mainline. The new flights will be operated in a "triangular"
Emirates' new First Class configuration revealed?
QANTAS International bids farewell to Adelaide Airport
Air New Zealand, Airline News, Cathay Pacific, Emirates, Malaysia Airlines, QANTAS, Singapore Airlines
QANTAS First Class service to Asia resumes
Singapore Airlines resumes Athens as a seasonal service
Singapore Airlines not going ahead with Sydney-Jakarta flights
QANTAS resumes Perth - Singapore services


text:
Home Lifestyle Motoring The Government backtracks on plan to prohibit diesel and unleaded cars by...
The Government backtracks on plan to prohibit diesel and unleaded cars by 2040
GREEN: The idea of decarbonising cities is becoming more and more popular in Europe. Photo Credit: Shutterstock
THE Spanish government's shock plan to commit to a full green energy transition, prohibiting the sale of diesel and petrol cars by 2040, has been downplayed.
After it was made public knowledge that the Government in Spain intended to eliminate the sale of combustion engine vehicles by 2040, many agencies, associations and manufacturers vocally expressed their disapproval to the measure.
The Spanish government has long supported the measure as a means making Spain more environmentally friendly.
However, the Minister of Industry, Commerce and Tourism, Reyes Maroto, along with the Minister of Ecological Transition, Teresa Ribera, have played down this measure to eliminate cars which require fossil fuels to function.
The ministers have distanced themselves from the measure, branding it a "debate" and a proposal rather than a concrete plan in recent rhetoric.
The plans to be petrol and diesel free by 2040 have been demoted to 'non-final text' status, giving the government room to modify and soften the proposed prohibitions.
This could signal a revised period for the phasing out of the combustion engine from the Spanish market, allowing the sale of the combustion engine to survive in Spain beyond 2040.
However, the idea of decarbonising cities is becoming more and more popular in Europe.
Although the idea of compulsory eradication of the combustion engine is currently being met with harsh criticism, with the recent tax increases on diesel fuels and pollution restrictions being enforced on all modern cars, it will likely become increasingly difficult to own vehicles in Spain which are not powered solely by electricity.
decarbonise
downplayed
maroto
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
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Pinkvilla provides this Privacy Notice to help you make an informed decision about whether to use or continue using the Pinkvilla Platforms. This Privacy Notice is incorporated into and is subject to the Pinkvilla Terms of Use. Your use of the Pinkvilla Platforms and any personal information you provide on the Pinkvilla Platforms remains subject to the terms of this Privacy Notice and our Terms of Use.
Please note that any video, image, or other content posted at the direction of Users onto the Pinkvilla Platforms becomes published content and is not considered personally identifiable information subject to this Privacy Notice.
The Information Pinkvilla Collects User Provided Information: You provide certain personally identifiable information (such as your name, IP address and email address) to Pinkvilla when choosing to participate in various activities on the Pinkvilla Platforms such as uploading videos, posting messages in our forums or in the video comments section, entering contests or sweepstakes, taking advantage of promotions, responding to surveys, or subscribing to newsletters or other mailing lists.
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text:
Watch The Trailer For Barry, Netflix's Barack Obama Biopic
By Nash Jenkins
November 22, 2016 3:18 AM EST
There are just under two months until Donald Trump is inaugurated, but a sentimental nostalgia for Barack Obama's presidency has been building for quite some time. The new trailer for Barry, a biographical film about Obama's days as a student at Columbia University in the early 1980s, might help stoke it.
Newcomer Devon Terrell will play the 44th President as a 20-year-old undergraduate, grappling with his identity as a mixed-race kid from Honolulu in a largely white scene. "You a whole different type of brother," a peer tells him at one point. "You do realize that, don't you?"
"I fit in nowhere," Terrell as Obama says later.
(Gifts: The 100 Most Influential Images of All Time)
The film premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival earlier this year, and will begin streaming on Netflix on Dec. 16.
J.K. Rowling Confirms 'Fantastic Beasts' Timeline
What America's Richest Ski Town's Handling of COVID-19 Shows


A few weeks ago, I spent a truly enjoyable evening with friends honoring the great work of the Human Rights Campaign in Utah. Just hours later, I woke to find that the worst mass shooting in US history had occurred in a gay nightclub, Pulse, in Orlando. As more information became available, I began to wonder how the specifics of this event could change the kind of conversations we've been having about terrorism, gun-control, religion and human rights in this country. So far, I've experienced a range of emotion – sadness, surprise, anger, outrage, confusion, a sense of loss for the victims and their families, hope for the future, and finally determination to make things better.
A hopeful moment in the dialogue surrounding this tragedy surprisingly came from Utah Republican Lieutenant Governor Spencer J. Cox who apologized to the gay community for "not treating them with the kindness, dignity, and respect – the love – that they deserved." Statements like this give me hope that change is beginning. But, as a P2 practitioner, I believe that all people should be treated with kindness, dignity, and respect – period. Statements like the Lt. Governor's are appreciated, but I believe what is really needed is a call to action; a call to conversation; a call for the public to participate in decisions affecting Americans.
Announcing the IAP2 USA 2017 Skills Symposium!
It's here! IAP2 USA is pleased to announce the course line up for the 2017 Skills Symposium, taking place in San Diego, from Monday, February 28th to Friday, March 3rd, 2017 at the Bahia Resort. We believe that there is something for everyone – whether new to the practice or with years of experience.
Our 2016 Skills Symposium got rave reviews from the attendees, and we have upped our game for 2017. Over the next few months we will be providing in-depth information on the courses, the trainers, and the extras we are planning. But don't wait – take a look for yourself and take advantage of the Early Bird rates. Plan to join us in San Diego!
"We had identified a number of pain points. The community expressed growing frustration with the Agency's approach to public outreach and engagement, and we would receive complaints about outreach occurring too late in the process, difficulty in reaching the agency and understanding who is in charge of a project, and a lack of consistency across projects. When this frustration turned to opposition, it created costly delays in project delivery in several ways, such as threatened lawsuits, negative press, protests and political pressure."
To take on the challenge, Deanna embarked on a process to develop a Public Outreach and Engagement Team Strategy (POETS) that would help develop public outreach notification standards for all staff conducting outreach and engagement.
They're two questions that can nag at the mind of a P2 practitioner: how do you handle a tough crowd, and how effective has your hard work been?
The first two White Papers commissioned by the IAP2 Canada Research Committee tackle those very issues, and on Tuesday, August 9 (2 pm Eastern / 11 am Pacific), the authors of those papers will discuss their findings in our Monthly Webinar.
President Obama supports the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP). The July IAP2 Learning Webinar featured a discussion of what UNDRIP means for P2 practioners, looking at (UNDRIP) and the principle of Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC), and how those align with IAP2 principles.
Bob Joseph, the CEO of Indigenous Corporate Training, Inc., was joined by Anne Harding, Senior Stakeholder Relations Advisor for Aboriginal Communities at Suncor Energy, as webinar hosts .
We are excited to report that all the spaces are filled for the 2016 IAP2 North American Conference. There is a waiting list; and that is now capped, as well.
The conference sessions will be recorded and posted online, as will the keynote speeches.
There is still the opportunity to take part in the general discussion reflected in the theme: why should people care about P2? Join the conversation on the IAP2 Canada blog.
And listen to interviews with our two keynote speakers: Dicki Chhoyang, a Montréal native who's former Minister of Information in the Central Tibetan Administration; and Jean-Paul Gladu, CEO of the Canadian Council for Aboriginal Business. (Click on their photos to listen to the interviews.) We're grateful to radio station C-FAX Victoria, for their assistance in producing these interviews.
Important Date! August 28 is the deadline to pay for 2016 IAP2 North American Conference: People on waiting list will have the opportunity to register for unclaimed spaces as of August 29.
August 1, 2016 - The IAP2 Federation Board is pleased to announce the selection of Cassandra "Cassie" Hemphill as the new Professional Development Manager.
Cassie is active at the national and regional levels of IAP2 USA. She is on the IAP2 USA Certification Task Force and is the Montana state representative for the Intermountain Chapter. She serves on the editorial board of the Northwest Communication Association Journal and has previously served that association as a conference planner. One of the highlights of her year is serving as chief judge for the 8th grade physical science division at the Montana State Science Fair.
Dave Biggs of MetroQuest interviews James Hoggan, author of 'I'm Right and You're an Idiot: The Toxic State of Public Discourse and How to Clean It Up', published by New Society, May 2016.
Congratulations to Mike Dahlstrom, IAP2 USA Chapter Liaison Chair and Student Scholarship Task Force member, and Cascade Cascade Chapter Treasurer and Chapter Scholarship Award Chair, for his new assignment as the Washington County Community Engagement Coordinator.
Mike will assist with a variety of community engagement activities and be part of the team that coordinates the Community Participation Organization (CPO) Program. He will play a key role is assisting members of Washington County's increasingly diverse community, especially those who are historically under-represented, to have a voice in the decisions that may affect them, and will help shape the future of the County's community engagement program. Kudos Mike!
Zoom in on IAP2 USA!
The IAP2 USA membership map shows P2 commitment and growth across the nation. Zoom in on your chapter area for a more focused look at IAP2 USA membership as of June 2016. Not a member? Join today!
Cascade hosts successful PI Works! conference in June. Congratulations to the City of Beaverton and Portland Water Bureau/JLA Public Involvement for winning the Best Practices Awards presented at the conference. Learn more about Cascade Chapter of IAP2 USA and view the PI Works presentations on the chapter webpage.
Grand Canyon doubled its membership in 2016 to 62 members, thanks to the government membership plan, and plans to meet August 29 to revitalize the chapter, set goals, and begin scheduling regular meetings.
Intermountain is please to present the IAP2 Foundations in Public Participation program in Salt Lake City, Utah the week beginning Monday, December 5.
Wednesday, September 21 - Our friends at Manhattan Beach will be talking about their experiences with engagement both in-person and online in their beach town, Manhattan Beach Library, Manhattan Beach.
Friday, October 7 - Envisioning California: "Our Voices: Advancing Civic Engagement in California" - You're invited to join the Center for California Studies, Sacramento State and the IAP2 Los Angeles (Emerging) Chapter for a full day of exploring California at the 27th annual Envisioning California Conference, Our Voices: Advancing Civic Engagement in California, Tsakopoulos Library Galleria, downtown Sacramento.
Thursday, October 20 - Ashley Trim, Executive Director of the Davenport Institute, will speak about the work of the Institute and Pete Peterson, will speak about the importance of preparing a new generation of leaders for engagement and how education around policy and engagement is shifting and needs to shift more, Pepperdine School of Public Policy, Malibu.
November 15, 2016 - November Chapter Meeting: Gathering at the San Gabriel Basin Water Quality Authority, details TBA, West Covina.
Seeking innovative mobile apps that have been used to keep the public informed during large transportation construction projects.
If you have some suggestions for Theresa or you would like to ask your own question, please contact us at info@iap2usa.org. We will post the answers we receive in our Resource Section – so stay tuned.
It's time to update your profile!
Your profile displays in the public and members-only (login required) online member directories, and you control what information is displayed.
The Members-Only Member Directory provides advanced search options such as by geography, interest areas, company name, and more, increasing your opportunities to network and build relationships with other members.
Add a photo and update your bio, then make your profile searchable by adding city, state, chapter affiliation, and selecting the radio button options for years of experience, areas of P2 experience, and interest areas. The more detail you add, the more others will learn about you!
Once you're done, save your changes, and then click on "My directory profile" to see what displays. Select "Back," "Edit profile," and "Privacy" to control what information gets displayed.
You're in the driver's seat when it comes to what gets shown in the directory.
If you have any questions, contact Jennifer at info@iap2usa.org.
Deadline to pay for 2016 IAP2 North American Conference: People on waiting list will have the opportunity to register for unclaimed spaces as of August 29.
2016 IAP2 North American Conference, Montreal, Canada - Pre-Conference events are free for those attending the North American Conference; $50 for IAP2 members not attending the Conference; $75 for non-members not attending the Conference.
Fri, Oct 7 IAP2 USA (Emerging) Los Angeles Chapter co-hosts 27th Annual Envisioning California Conference: "Our Voices: Advancing Civic Engagement in California"


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Church and Community Engagement Lead - NSW (Sydney) - Maternity Leave, 6 month role
Status: Temp / Contract
Date: Respond by 01 Jan
Name: Michael
Email: people@tearfund.org.au
Website: http://www.tearfund.org.au
Use your relationship building and project management skills as a 'change inspirer' to develop strong partnerships with leaders, churches and volunteers, building a movement of change agents in line with Tearfund's mission and values
About Tearfund:
Tearfund is a Christian development, relief and advocacy organisation responding to global poverty and injustice. We work in partnership with local Christian agencies to end poverty, challenge inequality and build sustainable communities. We go where the need is greatest, acting with courage to tackle injustice so that all may experience fullness of life.
To work at Tearfund is to live out your vocation; a space where your faith, passion for justice and skills intersect. Tearfund offers you the opportunity to use your professional skills and expertise to make a real difference in the lives of people who need it the most. As part of the Tearfund team, you are part of a movement which works towards a just and compassionate world in which all people have the opportunity to achieve their God-given potential.
Tearfund offers a friendly and flexible work environment, generous salary packaging benefits, and the challenge to grow and explore in your faith and justice journey.
The Church and Community Engagement Lead (NSW) is based in Sydney and is integral to Tearfund's wider community engagement strategic plan, which aims to grow a movement of Australian Christians working to see lives transformed for people living in extreme poverty. Focusing on working closely with Churches, Christian Leaders, Volunteers and Supporters, this position focuses on mobilising the local church and Christian community to become increasingly active in biblically shaped responses to issues of extreme poverty and injustice. You will work closely with the Head of Church and Community Engagement, who is based in Sydney.
This will require
An understanding of the theological basis of integral mission and how it relates to the Australian church context.
Strong networking and relationship building capability within the Australian Christian Church and its leadership.
Ability to encourage others in their faith and justice journeys, and to influence supporters to join others in supporting Tearfund as a an impactful way to respond to global poverty and injustice
Is this you? To be successful in this role, you will have;
Active commitment to Tearfund's Christian mission, values and ethos.
A heart and passion for the local church and a 'change-making' mindset and track record. You will demonstrate that you can empower others to take action.
Experience mobilising and supporting volunteers through community organising strategies - you are able to support, train, empower and involve Tearfund supporters, members and volunteers in community campaigns and implement systems for volunteer leadership development, management and engagement.
Excellent written and oral communication skills, and a willingness to get 'out and about' and engage with people. Ability to build meaningful relationships with people from a wide variety of backgrounds towards shared action.
A love for multi-tasking and managing multiple priorities, from running a training event, telling a story, writing copy or connecting with a new leader. Getting things done is an essential skill for this role.
The ability to work autonomously as well as collaboratively as part of a national team.
Download more information and a position description here
Send us your CV and a short cover letter as soon as possible to people@tearfund.org.au
In a short cover letter, tell us about:
Why this role and Why Tearfund? What about this role resonates with you, and how do your values align with ours?
How your experience aligns with the role requirements
Position Location
A mix of in office at Sydney and some remote or work from home, depending on any State based restrictions and role operational needs
Enquiries: Please contact Michael on Ph.: 03 9264 7000
Tearfund Australia's recruitment and selection procedures and checks reflect our commitment to the well-being and protection of children and vulnerable adults. We seek to be a diverse workplace, in which people of different backgrounds, genders and ages work together and are equally appreciated and respected. People from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds are encouraged to apply for Tearfund roles.


text:
import test                         from 'ava';
import snapshot                     from '../../helpers/snapshot';
import Vue                          from 'vue/dist/vue.common.js';
import badge                        from '../../../src/lib/components/badge/index.vue';
import commonTest                   from '../../common/unit';

const testOptions = {
    test,
    Vue,
    snapshot,
    component : window.morning._origin.Form.extend(badge),
    name : 'badge',
    attrs : ``,
    uiid : 2,
    delVmEl : false,
    _baseTestHookCustomMount : false
};

commonTest.componentBase(testOptions);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
package io.druid.server.http;

import com.google.common.collect.Maps;
import com.google.inject.Inject;
import com.metamx.common.MapUtils;
import com.metamx.common.guava.Comparators;
import io.druid.client.DruidDataSource;
import io.druid.client.InventoryView;
import io.druid.timeline.DataSegment;
import org.joda.time.Interval;

import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.PathParam;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
import javax.ws.rs.QueryParam;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 */
@Path("/druid/coordinator/v1/intervals")
public class IntervalsResource
{
  private final InventoryView serverInventoryView;

  @Inject
  public IntervalsResource(
      InventoryView serverInventoryView
  )
  {
    this.serverInventoryView = serverInventoryView;
  }

  @GET
  @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
  public Response getIntervals()
  {
      final Comparator<Interval> comparator = Comparators.inverse(Comparators.intervalsByStartThenEnd());
      final Set<DruidDataSource> datasources = InventoryViewUtils.getDataSources(serverInventoryView);

      final Map<Interval, Map<String, Map<String, Object>>> retVal = Maps.newTreeMap(comparator);
      for (DruidDataSource dataSource : datasources) {
        for (DataSegment dataSegment : dataSource.getSegments()) {
          Map<String, Map<String, Object>> interval = retVal.get(dataSegment.getInterval());
          if (interval == null) {
            Map<String, Map<String, Object>> tmp = Maps.newHashMap();
            retVal.put(dataSegment.getInterval(), tmp);
          }
          setProperties(retVal, dataSource, dataSegment);
        }
      }

      return Response.ok(retVal).build();
  }

  @GET
  @Path("/{interval}")
  @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
  public Response getSpecificIntervals(
      @PathParam("interval") String interval,
      @QueryParam("simple") String simple,
      @QueryParam("full") String full
  )
  {
    final Interval theInterval = new Interval(interval.replace("_", "/"));
    final Set<DruidDataSource> datasources = InventoryViewUtils.getDataSources(serverInventoryView);

    final Comparator<Interval> comparator = Comparators.inverse(Comparators.intervalsByStartThenEnd());
    if (full != null) {
      final Map<Interval, Map<String, Map<String, Object>>> retVal = Maps.newTreeMap(comparator);
      for (DruidDataSource dataSource : datasources) {
        for (DataSegment dataSegment : dataSource.getSegments()) {
          if (theInterval.contains(dataSegment.getInterval())) {
            Map<String, Map<String, Object>> dataSourceInterval = retVal.get(dataSegment.getInterval());
            if (dataSourceInterval == null) {
              Map<String, Map<String, Object>> tmp = Maps.newHashMap();
              retVal.put(dataSegment.getInterval(), tmp);
            }
            setProperties(retVal, dataSource, dataSegment);
          }
        }
      }

      return Response.ok(retVal).build();
    }

    if (simple != null) {
      final Map<Interval, Map<String, Object>> retVal = Maps.newHashMap();
      for (DruidDataSource dataSource : datasources) {
        for (DataSegment dataSegment : dataSource.getSegments()) {
          if (theInterval.contains(dataSegment.getInterval())) {
            Map<String, Object> properties = retVal.get(dataSegment.getInterval());
            if (properties == null) {
              properties = Maps.newHashMap();
              properties.put("size", dataSegment.getSize());
              properties.put("count", 1);

              retVal.put(dataSegment.getInterval(), properties);
            } else {
              properties.put("size", MapUtils.getLong(properties, "size", 0L) + dataSegment.getSize());
              properties.put("count", MapUtils.getInt(properties, "count", 0) + 1);
            }
          }
        }
      }

      return Response.ok(retVal).build();
    }

    final Map<String, Object> retVal = Maps.newHashMap();
    for (DruidDataSource dataSource : datasources) {
      for (DataSegment dataSegment : dataSource.getSegments()) {
        if (theInterval.contains(dataSegment.getInterval())) {
          retVal.put("size", MapUtils.getLong(retVal, "size", 0L) + dataSegment.getSize());
          retVal.put("count", MapUtils.getInt(retVal, "count", 0) + 1);
        }
      }
    }

    return Response.ok(retVal).build();
  }

  private void setProperties(
      final Map<Interval, Map<String, Map<String, Object>>> retVal,
      DruidDataSource dataSource, DataSegment dataSegment) {
    Map<String, Object> properties = retVal.get(dataSegment.getInterval()).get(dataSource.getName());
    if (properties == null) {
      properties = Maps.newHashMap();
      properties.put("size", dataSegment.getSize());
      properties.put("count", 1);

      retVal.get(dataSegment.getInterval()).put(dataSource.getName(), properties);
    } else {
      properties.put("size", MapUtils.getLong(properties, "size", 0L) + dataSegment.getSize());
      properties.put("count", MapUtils.getInt(properties, "count", 0) + 1);
    }
  }
}


There's been some real scumbags at Brundall recently. I moored up near Brundall, I can't for the life of me remember what the moorings are called. When we first pulled up I thought what a nice place to stop, there was a nice wooden footpath through trees accross what looked like a swap forest, it was nice and shady and the dog loved it. However. Some filthy scumbags have been having BBQs there, they've tipped the disused coals on the bank, burnt trees and vegetation, left cling film and plastics all over the place, clearly they've just emptied there waste bins from the boat into the hedges, and to top it off they've given up on there onboard toilets and started doing turds on the footpaths, it clearly wasn't a dog, as there was toilet paper with it. Whoever is doing it has been there numerous times, sometimes hidden up behind bushes, other times in the middle of the footpath. Brundall seems like a nice place, im struggling to believe anyone's from the village would go over and do that, so that must mean its scummy lowlife boaters.


text:
THE PARAMEDIC Signs With BULLET TOOTH
Bullet Tooth has announced the signing of THE PARAMEDIC.
Intensity, emotion and raw power are three ways to describe Dayton, Ohio's THE PARAMEDIC. But to pigeon hole the band with just three words would simply be an injustice to this group.
Formed in late 2010 by friends Jake Nolan (guitar), Travis Adkins (bass), Tony Hovater (drums), Sean Salasny (guitar) and Mike Luciano (lead vocals), THE PARAMEDIC is poised to spearhead the next generation of dynamic metalcore bands, thanks in part to Luciano's diverse R&B background. The band delivers a unique mix blending the insanity of ASKING ALEXANDRIA, the electro-sensibilities of ATTACK ATTACK, and the soulfulness of Jonny Craig.
Living the dream is a philosophy that Luciano and the guys thrive to live out on a daily basis and will have nothing stand in their way. Against his parents' wishes, Luciano dropped out of college to pursue his dream of making it in the world of music. This intense internal struggle has made Luciano's lyrics a personal one-of-a-kind statement that range from raising awareness towards rape to standing up for what you believe in. Judging by the nearly 300,000 views of their cover of Lil' Wayne's "6 Foot 7 Foot" on YouTube and their 40,000 fans on Facebook, all of the hard work and life altering decisions have been worth it.
In early 2012, the band's dream finally came together when New Jersey based-record label Bullet Tooth signed THE PARAMEDIC to a deal. Joining other acts such as AFFIANCE and SERIANNA, the band is sure to reach new audiences that they only ever dreamed about.
"It's been our dream to not only be signed to a label, but also to a label that we know and trust and with Bullet Tooth, we know we are getting just that," said Luciano.
THE PARAMEDIC is currently in pre-production for its debut full-length, to be released sometime in late 2012. Luciano went on to say, "We could have never done this without the help of a reputable label and now that we have the backing of an amazing label, we plan on making nothing but the best for our fans. We cannot wait to see what the future holds."


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NEWEST WORK - a SINGLE CLICK on a ghosted image in this gallery makes it clear and enables scrolling.
DOUBLE CLICK to see piece individually, and double click to zoom in/out on chosen areas of image.
Camera derived archival pigment print on heavyweight fine art paper. 24"x25'. All prints produced in numbered limited editions.
Camera derived archival pigment print on Japanese kozo and suffused with encaustic wax rendering it translucent. 22'x66". Smaller prints available on archival heavyweight fine art paper. All prints are numbered limited editions.
Camera derived archival pigment print on Japanese kozo and suffused with encaustic wax rendering it translucent. 24"x47". Smaller prints available on archival heavyweight fine art paper. All prints are numbered limited editions.
All prints produced in numbered limited editions.


text:
Africa and the First World War
International Network for the Study of Africa and the Great War
1st Annual Meeting
Alun EDWARDS
Alun Edwards is a qualified librarian (trained at the College of Librarianship Wales) and manager of digital humanities projects and services at the University of Oxford. Alun is responsible for the University's participation in www.europeana1914-1918.eu and www.europeana1989.eu/; as well as leading RunCoCo which offers consultancy and advice about how to run a community collection online, and community building around any subject.
In a significantly untraditional career Alun has: helped administer aid to farms struck by the Chernobyl catastrophe; worked on a daily newspaper; researched the communist architect of pit-head baths for miners; run a reading room for archivists and family historians; driven a schools mobile library round tiny country lanes; researched responses to major security risks for a large multinational; protected government conferences as a trained X-ray machine operator detecting explosives and weapons; endeavoured to catalogue the best of the Web for the humanities; researched digital certificates and shibboleth for super-computing; researched the First World War poetry of Edmund Blunden, Ivor Gurney, David Jones, Siegfried Sassoon, "Hedd Wyn" and their contemporaries.
Currently Alun divides his working time between training academics around the world to engage the public using social media (Twitter and Facebook) and crowdsourcing; and being paranoid about the Internet, cyber-crime and espionage, and theft of laptops (for example) as he leads the University's programme of information security awareness. Please connect with Alun: http://uk.linkedin.com/in/alunedwards and read his team's blog http://blogs.it.ox.ac.uk/eet/
Anne SAMSON
Independent historian specialising in British and South African relations post 1910. Her recent work has been on the Great War in East, Central and Southern Africa on which she has published two books, the most recent, World War 1: The forgotten conflict of the European powers was published in 2012 by IB Tauris. She has also written various articles on related topics. In addition to her research, she is the co-ordinator of the GWEAA, an international online community of all interested in the campaigns in Africa during the Great War. She has just been appointed chair of the Friends of The National Archives in London. In her other life, she works in education.
António Paulo DUARTE
Doutor em História Institucional e Política Contemporânea pela Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa (2005);
Mestre em Estratégia pelo Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas da Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (1997);
Licenciado em História pela Faculdade de Letras da Universidade Clássica de Lisboa (1990).
Investigador e Assessor do Quadro do IDN (Instituto da Defesa Nacional).
É igualmente investigador do IHC (Instituto de História Contemporânea da Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas da Universidade Nova) e do Observatório Político (OP).
Membro do Centro Português de Geopolítica.
Professor Auxiliar Convidado do Departamento de Estudos Políticos da Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa onde leciona as cadeiras de Teoria das Relações Internacionais e de História da Ideia de Europa.
Colaborou como investigador com o Centro de Investigação Científica da Academia Militar (2002-2005) e com o CEFi (Centro de Estudos de Filosofia da Universidade Católica) (2006-2007).
Escreveu, entre outros, os livros Equilíbrio Ibérico, Séc. XI-XX, História e Fundamentos (2003) e A Política de Defesa Nacional – 1919-1958 (2010).
Foi um dos Organizadores da Antologia Grandes Estrategistas Portugueses (2007).
Publicou, em conjunto com outros autores, Segurança Nacional e Estratégias Energéticas de Portugal e de Espanha, (2011).
Publicou vários artigos e recensões em Revistas especializadas: Geopolítica, Revista Militar, Nação e Defesa, IDN Brief, Limes, R:I (Relações Internacionais), Jornal do Exército, Ensino da História (A:P:H:), Revista Portuguesa de Ciência Política e Sapiens.
Bjarne Søndergaard BENDTSEN
2012-14 External lecturer, Department of Culture and Society, Aarhus University, until 31 January 2014, teaching courses about Denmark and the First World War.
2011-12 Part time teacher at different high schools.
2008-11 14 November 2011, PhD in History, University of Southern Denmark.
PhD Student, Institute of History and Civilization, University of Southern Denmark. My research project dealt with different literary and cultural history aspects of Denmark and the First World War, the period's intellectual and popular discourses about the war, and the collective memory of it, resulting in the thesis: Mellem Fronterne. Studier i Første Verdenskrigs virkning på og udtryk i dansk kultur, med særligt fokus på litterære skildringer, 1914-1939 (Between the Lines: the First World War and Danish Culture. Literary and other representations during 1914-1939). The thesis has been accepted by Aarhus University Press.
Peer reviewed publications:
Chapter 36 'From the Ivory Tower to Street Activism', in: Peter Brooker, Sascha Bru, Andrew Thacker & Christian Weikop (eds.): The Oxford Critical and Cultural History of Modernist Magazines, Vol. III: Europe 1880-1940, Part I (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013), pp. 618-642
'Neutral Merchant Seamen at War. The Experiences of Scandinavian Seamen during the First World War as Depicted in Memoirs, Literature and by Monuments', in: Claes Ahlund (ed.): Scandinavia in the First World War (Lund: Nordic Academic Press, 2012), pp. 327-354
'A Violently Contested Void – No Man's Land during the First World War', in: Anne Magnussen, Peter Seeberg, Kirstine Sinclair & Nils Arne Sørensen (eds.): Contested Places (Odense: Syddansk Universitetsforlag, forthcoming)
'Copenhagen swordplay – Avant-garde Manoeuvres and the Aesthetics of War in the Art Magazine Klingen (1917-1920)', in: Hubert van den Berg et al. (eds.): A Cultural History of the Avant-Garde in the Nordic Countries 1900-1925 (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2012), pp. 391-400
'Colour-blind of Clear-sighted Neutrality? Georg Brandes and the First World War', in: Johan den Hertog & Samuël Kruizinga (eds.): Caught in the Middle: Neutrals, Neutrality, and the First World War (Amsterdam: Aksant/Amsterdam University Press, 2011), pp. 121-138
'Povl Drachmanns roman Diktatur: Et eksempel på mellemkrigstidens antidemokratiske tendenser i Danmark', in: Thomas Wegener Friis & Kristine Midtgaard (eds.): Diktatur og demokrati. Festskrift til Kay Lundgreen-Nielsen (Odense: Syddansk Universitetsforlag, 2010), pp. 187-205
'Marselisborgmonumentets mytekonstruktion', in: 1066 Tidsskrift for Historie, vol. 38, no. 2, 2008, pp. 3-12
Non-peer reviewed publications:
'Krigen i det neutrale åndsliv – Første Verdenskrigs-litteraturen i Danmark, med særligt fokus på kultur- og litteraturhistorie', in: temp – tidsskrift for historie (forthcoming 2013)
'Mellem bagladere og kvindekanoner: Københavns Befæstning. Til Fædrelandets Forsvar (2012)', in: 1066 Tidsskrift for Historie (forthcoming)
'Krestens breve og den fornyede danske interesse for Første Verdenskrig', in: Standart, vol. 26, no. 3-4, 2012, pp. 112-114
'Danskere på krigseventyr og under pligtens tunge bud', in: 1066 Tidsskrift for Historie, vol. 42, no. 1, 2012, pp. 35-38
'Emil Bønnelyckes krig mod krigen', in: Standart, vol. 24, no. 1, 2010, pp. 30-32
'Bolschevisme og løst krudt i kunstens top anno 1919', in: Standart, vol. 23, no. 2, 2009, pp. 67-69
Brian DIGRE
Professor, Department of History and Geography, Elon University. (1990-present)
Course offerings include Modern Africa, the Modern Middle East, the World in the 20th Century, upper-division seminars, and study-abroad classes in London (4 years) and Ghana (17 years)
Recipient: Periclean Award for Civic Engagement and Social Responsibility, 2008; Elon College Excellence in Service/Leadership Award, 2008; International Studies Major Coordinator, 1995-present
Fulbright-Hays Seminar Abroad Recipient: United Arab Emirates, Qatar & Kuwait, 2010
Project Director U.S. Department of Education, Undergraduate International Studies and Foreign Language grants to develop African and International studies (1994-6) and Middle East studies (2007-10) at Elon Author, Fulbright Scholar-in-Residence grant for visiting Ghanaian professor at Elon, 2006-2007
Senior Research Fellow, Center for Democratic Development – Accra, Ghana, 2004 sabbatical
Chair, Academic Council, 1997-1998
Assistant Professor, History Department, University of Southern Mississippi. Course offerings included Africa since 1870, twentieth-century Europe, modern world history and graduate seminars. (1986-1990)
Peace Corps Volunteer, Democratic Republic of the Congo. High school English and history teacher. Obtained funding and supervised construction of two new classrooms. (1978-1980)
Ph.D., History, George Washington University, May 1987
Dissertation topic: "The Repartition of Tropical Africa: British, French and Belgian Colonial Objectives during World War I and the Paris Peace Conference"
M.A., International Affairs, George Washington University, February 1978
B.A., History and Political Science, University of California, Berkeley, June 1975
Book: Imperialism's New Clothes: The Repartition of Tropical Africa, 1914-1919. New York, 1990
Book Chapter: "Western Imperialism and Its Legacies," Understanding the Global Experience: Becoming a Responsible World Citizen, editors, Tom Arcaro and Rosemary Haskell. Boston, 2009.
Article: "The United Nations, France, and African Independence: A Case Study of Togo." French Colonial History, (Vol. 5) 2004
Book Review: A Sacred Trust: The League of Nations and Africa, 1929-1946, by Michael D. Callahan. The International Journal of African Historical Studies, (Vol.38/2) 2005
Encyclopedia Articles: "The Politics of Nationalism and Independence in Ghana," "The Overthrow of Colonialism in Sub-Saharan Africa" and "The World Wars and South Africa" in the Encyclopedia of African History, editor Kevin Shillington. New York, 2004
Claudio Ricardo Hehl FORJAZ
Coronel de Engenharia da Reserva. Formado na AMAN em 1986, é Mestre em Ciências Militares, com ênfase em História Militar, pela ECEME.
Estudioso da Estratégia da Resistência, ele integrou a primeira comitiva do Exército Brasileiro ao Vietnã, em 2004. Proferiu palestras sobre os conflitos na Indochina na ECEME, EsAO e EsSA. Atualmente escreve sobre a água e temas relacionados à História Militar. Dentre suas publicações estão os livros ESPADA CAXIAS – ESTUDANDO A ARTE DA GUERRA, ÁGUA – SUBSTÂNCIA DA VIDA, DUARTE COELHO – O PRIMEIRO ESTADISTA NO BRASIL e 1001 FACETAS DA ÁGUA, estes dois últimos, no prelo.
Com relação ao assunto em pauta, é autor dos artigos COMBATE EM LOCALIDADE, GENERAL GIAP – O MESTRE DA ESTRATÉGIA DA RESISTÊNCIA, O ESTUDO DO DIREITO INTERNACIONAL HUMANITÁRIO NA ESCOLA DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE OFICIAIS e DOIS HISTORIADORES, DUAS HISTÓRIAS, DUAS DOUTRINAS que de certa forma abordam aspectos ligados à guerra assimétrica.
Por seus conhecimentos em Estratégia da resistência, compôs a primeira comitiva do Exército Brasileiro em viagem ao Vietnã, em 2004.
Membro do Instituto de Geografia e História Militar do Brasil, recentemente participou do XXXVII Congresso Internacional de História Militar e do Quarto Encontro Internacional de História sobre a Guerra da Tríplice Aliança, sendo neste último na condição de palestrante.
Atualmente se prepara para apresentar duas palestras na conferência de História Militar do Instituto Meira Mattos, a se realizar na escola de Estado-Maior do exército em maio de 2013, com o tema Guerra de Quarta Geração no Brasil Colônia e Império.
David AWORAWO
1996 – 2001 University of Lagos, Akoka Ph.D. in History and Strategic Studies
2002 – Date Lecturer University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
Articles in Journals
David Aworawo (2012) "Divisive Dividing: Revenue Allocation and Unrest in Nigeria since the Late Colonial Period," Historia Actual (Universidad de Cadiz,), 28, 37-48.
David Aworawo (2012) "The Road Not Taken: Political Action and the Crisis of Democratic Values and Stability in Post-Independence Equatorial Guinea," Critical Issues in Justice and Politics (Department of Political Science and Criminal Justice, Southern Utah University, Utah, USA), Vol. 5/2, 71-88.
David Aworawo (2012) "Development Crisis and Ideological Shift: Africa's Economic Policy in an Era Global Recession", African Journal of Governance and Development (Centro de Investigação, University of St. Thomas, Maputo, Mozambique), 1/2, 13-28.
David Aworawo (2012) "Economic Policy and the Social Context of Africa's Development: An Analysis of the Experiences of Nigeria and Botswana," Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa (Clarion University, Clarion, Pennsylvania, USA), Vol. 14/3, 111-126.
David Aworawo (2012) "Pivotal Catalyst: The Seven Years' War and Anglo-French Scramble for West Africa up to 1900," ABIBISEM: Journal of Culture and Civilization (Department of History, University of Cape Coast, Ghana), Vol. 4, No.1, 34-52.
Fewzi Borsali
Ph. D, Aberdeen UK, University of Adrar, Algeria
Academic works
1985: Borsali Fewzi Colonial Scholarship Policies and British Policy Towards Colonial Students 1939-1950, The West African Students' Case, OPU, Algeria, 1985.
1986: Borsali Fewzi, British Advisory Institutions on Colonial Education 1923-1952, OPU, Algeria, 1986.
1991. Borsali Fewzi, The Colonial Office and the West African Educated Elites 1923-1943, présenté au séminaire international 'Lieux-réseaux et cultures, URASC, Oran 17-19 décembre 1991
2000: Borsali Fewzi, Language Policy in Colonial Education in West Africa 1920-50, Unité de Recherche: Algérie, Méditerranée, Afrique, aussi publié dans Revue Maghrébine des Langues, N°1 2002, Editions Dar El Gharb
2000. Borsali Fewzi, Germany and Africa before the First World War: the Case of Togo, présenté pendant le colloque International sur les relations interculturelles allemandes, Université d'Oran, Mai 2000
2004: Borsali Fewzi, The Report of the Elliot Commission on Higher Education in West Africa 1943-45, Laboratoire de Langues, Littérature et Civilisation et Histoire en Afrique, aussi publié dans African Issues Décembre 2004, (Dar el Gharb Editions)
2004: Borsali Fewzi, Chronologie des rencontres interafricaines, Oussour (revue scientifique du laboratoire de recherche en histoire, Université d'Oran), N° 4-5, juin 2004
2005: Borsali Fewzi, The Report of the Asquith Commission on Hither in the Colonies 1943-45, Laboratoire de Langues, Literatures, et Civilsation en Afrique, published in Africa and the West 2005, ( Dar El Gharb Editions)
2006. Borsali Fewzi, Chronologie des relations entre l'Algérie et les institutions régionales arabes entre 1962 et 1988, Unité de recherche: Algérie, Méditerranée, Afrique, Université d'Oran, publié dans OUSSOUR El-Jadida, N°1, 2011, p.5-16
2006 : Borsali Fewzi, Philosophy of Higher Education in Britain and Transplantation in the British West African colonies 1947-51" LAROS, Dar El Gharb Editions.
2006: Borsali Fewzi, The Establishment of Ibadan College in Nigeria 1948-51, Africa and the West, 2003, Dar El Gharb Editions, Laboratoire de Langues, Littératures et Civilsation en Afrique, Université d'Oran.
2010: Borsali Fewzi, The Colonial Office Advisory Machinery for Colonial Education 1923-1945, présenté au séminaire international à l'Université de Sidi Bel Abbes, Avril 2010, LAROS, N°7, Février 2011, p-151-158
2010: Borsali Fewzi, Resistance to Colonial Policy in the Gold Coast, 1820-1949, présenté au séminaire international, Université d'Oran Avril 23-26, 2010 publié dans Africa and the West, N°8, 2010
2011: Borsali Fewzi, The Colonial Office, West African Educated Elite and the Colonial Constitutions 1920-1952, présenté au séminaire international sur Intellectual Elite between Commitment and Disengagement, University of Oran, 3-4 May 2011.
2012. Borsali Fewzi, The Evolution of the Colonial Office up to 1950, international colloquium, at Mascara University, Algeria, April 2012
George NJUNG
2011-Present: University of Michigan, Doctoral Student in History
1998-2000: University of Buea, Cameroon – MA in History
1995-1998 : University of Buea, Cameroon- BA (Hons) History
Professional / Work experience
2012-2013: Graduate Student Instructor, University of Michigan. Courses taught include His 244: Arab-Israeli Conflict and His 386: The Holocaust.
2009-2011: full time, Security Officer, Allied Barton Security Services, Maryland-USA
2004-2009: part time, Research and Marketing Officer for ANUCAM Publishers, Cameroon
2002-2009: part time, Research and Marketing Fellow, Anucam Publishers, Buea-Cameroon
2000-2005: full time, History, Civics, Literature and Politics Teacher in SBC Limbe-Cameroon, Full time
2000- 2009: part time, History and Politics Teacher with CCAST Buea-Cameroon
1998-2008: seasonal, Advanced Level Examiner of the Cameroon GCE Examination Board
List of honors and grants
March 2013: African Studies Initiative Research Grant to do research in Europe (Amt: $2000)
Summer 2012: African Studies Initiative Research Grant to do research in Africa (Amt $4000)
Summer 2012: African Study Center Summer Research Grant to do research in Africa
Oct 2011: Rackham Conference Travel Grant, University of Michigan, for a Conference in UCLA
2011: Rackham Merit Fellow, Ph.D Program in History, University of Michigan
August 2011: Rackham Award Certificate of Academic Excellence in Research, University of Michigan
June 2011: Rackham Summer Institute Grant, University of Michigan
2008: Best Researcher of the year award, Anucam Publishers, Buea-Cameroon
2005: Best History Teacher Award, Saker Baptist College, Limbe-Cameroon
2000: Best Graduating MA Student in History, University of Buea, Buea-Cameroon
1995/6: Dean's (Honors) List Grant, University of Buea, Buea-Cameroon
Conferences, seminars, workshops and papers
March 2013: "Terror on the Land: Violence in Colonial Cameroon, 1884-1916." Paper at the DAAS Capstone Seminar, The University of Michigan
Oct 2011: "Challenges to Some Kom Social Institutions in the Bamenda Grasslands in
Cameroon, c.1785-2011", Paper at the UCLA History Conference
February 2009: "Post Monolithic Politics Elections in sub-Saharan Africa; The Case of
Cameroon," Paper at the University of Connecticut Conference on Democracy and Democratization
June 2006: "Fighting the First World War; Why Africa?", paper at the Cameroon History Teachers' Conference, Bamenda-Cameroon.
2012: "Challenges to Some Social Institutions of Kom in the Bamenda Grasslands of Cameroon, c.1785-2011": UCLA Historical Journal, forthcoming
2003: Introduction to History Book Three: Cameroon (co-author)
Jacqueline DE VRIES
Jacqueline de Vries (Montreal) emigrated from Canada to the Netherlands as a young adult and studied history at the Erasmus University in Rotterdam. Her M.A. thesis was based on field research in the Bamenda Grassfields of Cameroon. Drawing on archive sources and interviews with witnesses and participants, she described the transformation of traditional society and the role of Catholic missions in the kingdom of Kom. The book was awarded the national Jan Romein prize and published by the African Studies Centre of Leiden University, where it is available for downloading (http://www.ascleiden.nl/?q=publications/catholic-mission-colonial-government-and-indigenous-response-kom-cameroon).
De Vries is currently completing her PhD thesis under the supervision of Peter Geschiere, emeritus professor of anthropology at Leiden University. It provides a historical context for the Kom women's rebellion of 1958 (anlu), based on the author's M.A. work, as well as research in Cameroonian, Dutch, German, British and Swiss archives. The author's interest in the internment of Cameroonian soldiers on the island of Fernando Po during the First World War arose from investigations into the early colonial history of Cameroon.
Jakob Zollmann
Research Fellow at the Rule of Law Centre, Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin (April 2011 to present)
Legal Consultant and Project Management, OMV Petrom S.A., Bucharest, Romania (March 2008 to December 2010)
Contract management and controlling legal compliance with regard to construction of new corporate headquarters and environmental remediation works of former oil terminal
Negotiating Leasing and Service Contracts for OMV Petrom S.A.
Internship, German embassy, Vientiane, Laos (September 2005 to November 2005)
Assistant to the Chargé d'Affaires
Lecturer, Department of History, University of Namibia, Windhoek (April 2003 to August 2004)
Courses taught in:
African Civilisations (Ethiopia)
Pre-colonial sub-Saharan Africa
Historical Methodology
Archival research for my Ph.D. thesis on the German colonial police (1894–1915)
Research Assistant, Department of History, Humboldt University Berlin (1999 to 2001)
Bibliographical and archival research for "Habilitation" project, Dr. S. Weichlein
Courses taught in historical methodology
12/2005 – 02/2008 Department of History, Free University, Berlin, Dr. phil. (2008)
08/2004 – 07/2005 Hastings Law School, University of California, San Francisco,
Magister Legum (LL.M.) (2005)
09/2002 – 02/2003 International University exchange program "Erasmus", studies of
Law and History at Sorbonne University, Paris
10/1997 – 12/2002 Studies of History, Law, Philosophy, Political Science at
Humboldt University Berlin, Magister Artium (2002)
Javier Lion Bustillo
Part Time Professor in Political Science (UNED Seville, Spain) and researcher at the Current History Studies Group (University of Cádiz). PhD in Contemporary History (University of Cádiz) and MA in Politics and Government in the EU (London School of Economics).
João Moreira Tavares
Licenciado em História e Mestre em História dos Séculos XIX e XX (Secção do Século XX) pela Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa (FCSH/UNL). É Técnico Superior do Arquivo Histórico Militar (AHM), onde é responsável pela Secção de Investigação, Divulgação e Leitura e investigador do Instituto de História Contemporânea (IHC) da FCSH/UNL, tendo integrado o projecto História e Património do Grupo PT e colaborado no programa de actividades para a comemoração do Centenário da Primeira República.
É autor de diversos trabalhos, a maioria no âmbito da Guerra Colonial, dos quais se destacam: a sua tese de Mestrado denominada A Indústria Militar Portuguesa no Tempo da Guerra (1961/74) e a sua colaboração em Os Anos da Guerra Colonial, obra dirigida por Aniceto Afonso e Carlos Matos Gomes.
Noutras áreas da História escreveu Mudança de frequência: Couto dos Santos e a nova estratégia dos CTT (1933-1965), em co-autoria com Maria Fernanda Rollo; participou na História das Telecomunicações em Portugal, da autoria de Maria Fernanda Rollo, no Dicionário de História da Primeira República e do Republicanismo e no Diccionario de la Guerra de la Independencia, obra editada em Espanha, para o qual redigiu, em co-autoria com Nuno Lemos Pires, algumas biografias de militares portugueses. Tem-se, também, dedicado à divulgação e valorização do património documental do AHM. Neste âmbito, presentemente, coordena dois projectos de divulgação de fontes documentais do AHM integrados no programa de actividades da Comissão constituída para a evocação do Centenário da Participação Portuguesa na 1ª Guerra Mundial.
Joe LUNN
Professor, African and Modern European History, Social Sciences Department, University of Michigan-Dearborn
Ph.D., African/Modern European History (joint degree), University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1993
Memoirs of the Maelstrom: A Senegalese Oral History of the First World War. Social History of Africa Series. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann / Oxford: James Currey / Cape Town: David Philip, 1999.
African Voices from the Great War: An Anthology of Senegalese Soldiers' Life Histories. (forthcoming)
"Remembering the Tirailleurs Sénégalais and the Great War: Oral History as a Methodology of Inclusion in French Historical Studies," French Colonial History 10, (2009).
"Male Identity and Martial Codes of Honor: A Comparison of the War Memoirs of Robert Graves, Ernst Jünger and Kande Kamara," The Journal of Military History 69, 3 (2005).
"`Bons soldats' and `sales nègres': Changing French Perceptions of West African Soldiers during the First World War," French Colonial History 1, (2002).
"`Les Races guerrières': Racial Preconceptions in the French Military about West Africans during the First World War," The Journal of Contemporary History 34, 4 (1999).
Book Chapters:
"French Race Theory and the Parisian Society of Anthropology: The Debate Over la force noire, 1909-1912, in French Colonial Minds: Mental Maps of Empire and French Colonial Policy Making, ed. Martin Thomas (Linclon: University of Nebraska Press, France Overseas Series, 2011).
"France's Legacy to Demba Mboup? A Senegalese griot and his descendants remember his service in the French military during the First World War," in Race, Empire and the First World War Writing, ed. Santanu Das (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011).
"Kande Kamara Speaks: An Oral History of the West African Experience in France, 1914-1918," in Africa and the First World War, ed. Melvin E. Page (London: Macmillan Press, 1987).
Distinguished Research Award, University of Michigan-Dearborn, 2006.
Fulbright Senior Research Scholar, Council for the International Exchange of Scholars, United States Department of State, 2001.
Alf Heggoy Prize of the French Colonial Historical Society/Société d'histoire coloniale française, 2000 (for the best book published in French colonial history in1999).
Julio Pérez SERRANO
Senior Lecturer in Contemporary History (University of Cádiz, Spain). PhD in Contemporary History by the University of Cádiz. Director of the Current History Studies Group (GEHA, University of Cádiz). Senior researcher in several projects financed by the Spanish Ministry of Science.
Mahon MURPHY
During my undergraduate years at University College Dublin I focused on modern Central and Eastern European History. I mainly looked at development in Germany and the former Austro-Hungarian successor states in the inter-war period. For my MA at LSE I switched to modern East Asian history where I turned my research attention to modernisation in the region using China and Japan as comparative models. I am currently researching for a PhD in international history focusing on prisoners of war in the First World War.
Education: PhD (Candidate) London School of Economics 2010-;Supervisor: Professor David Stevenson
The treatment of German Prisoners of War and Civilian Internees in the Extra-European Theatre of the First World War. My research looks at how German POWs and Internees taken from the Reich's colonies were gathered, managed and treated. The thesis uses the themes of race, class, nationalism, violence and gender to fit these prisoners into the overall narrative of twentieth century wartime incarceration.
青島ドイツ俘虜収容所研究会第7号 第一次世界大戦中の日本におけるドイツ人俘虜 (Tsingtao-War German Prisoners Research Society Journal no.7, German Prisoners of War in Japan During the First World War) (Tokyo, 2009)
General Teaching Assistant, LSE, 2011-2012
Teaching assistant on a course titled The Extra-European World in the Twentieth Century for first year undergraduate students. As part of my teaching I successfully completed The PGcert in Higher Education at associate level.
DAAD Research Scholarship 2012/2013
I am currently a DAAD research fellow at the Freie Universität, Berlin under the supervision of Professor Sebastian Conrad.
Marisa FERNANDES
Actualmente é Investigadora no Centro de Estudos Africanos e Brasileiros (CEAB) do ISCSP-UTL.
Doutoranda em Ciências Sociais (na especialidade de Estudos Estratégicos) no Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas – Universidade Técnica de Lisboa) (ISCSP-UTL).
Mestre em Ciência Política e Relações Internacionais (área de especialização em Relações Internacionais), com Dissertação intitulada "O Papel da Geopolítica na posição da Alemanha na I e na II Guerras Mundiais", e Licenciada em Ciência Política e Relações Internacionais na Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas – Universidade Nova de Lisboa (FCSH-UNL).
Publicações:
(no prelo) "El Conocimento Geopolitico de José Marini e a Geopolitica Clássica Revisitada: o conceito de Geopolítica, o seu objecto e método de estudo", in Nação e Defesa, IDN, nº 135
"O papel da Geopolítica na posição da Alemanha na I e na II Guerras Mundiais", in Nação e Defesa, IDN, nº 129, Nov. 2011, pp. 263-287.
Mark Bolak FUNTEH
2011: University of California, Santa Barbara, USA (Fulbright Scholar)
2009: University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon (Ph.D in History)
2008: United States Institute of Peace, USA (Certificate on Interfaith Conflict Resolution, and Professional Training Certificate on Conflict Analysis)
2005: University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon (DEA; M.Phil in History)
2003: University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon (MA in History)
1998: University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon (BA in History)
Since 2011: Chief of Service for Programmes and Exams; Higher Teachers' Training College, The University of Maroua; Since 2009: Senior Lecturer of History; 2009: Chief of Service for Citizenship and Inter-cultural Education, Higher Teachers' Training College, The University of Maroua; 2008: Lecturer of History, PKFokam University of Excellence, Yaounde, Cameroon; 2005-2008: Part-Time Lecturer, Department of History, University of Yaoundé I; 2003: History Teacher (Volunteer) Oxford Comprehensive High School, Yaoundé.
Olajompo Abayomi AKINYEYE
Educational Qualifications: B.A.(Hons), 1981, M.A., 1985, Ph.d 1991
Working Experience: Nigerian Defense Academy, Kaduna, 1987-1990, University of Lagos, 1990-
Institutional Affiliation: University of Lagos.
Honors and Awards: Postgraduate Scholarship, Federal Government of Nigeria 1983, Vilas Research Assistantship, University of Wisconsin Madison,1983, British Council Fellowship, Bourse de Stage French Government, 1989.
Some Publications: Guarding the Gateways: British and French Defense Policies in West Africa 1886-1945, The Air Factor in West Africa's Colonial Defense: A Neglected Theme, in Itineraro: European Journal of Overseas History, vol.1 2000,The Nation-State in the Face of Regional Integration in West Africa: The Case of Nigeria, Kharthala, Paris 2010
Some Conferences Attended. Conference on Conflict Management, Bonn1997, Conference on Nigerian History Texas US,2004, Committee of Experts on Africa's Borderland, Bamako Mali 2009,2012, Ethiopia 2009, ECOWAS Committee on the Writing of Development Reports for 2010, Cotonou, 2009,2010,2010, Senegal 2010,2011.
Membership of Professional Organizations: Member, Nigerian Society of International Affairs, Historical Society of Nigeria, Nigeria Academy of Letters, Association for the Study of the Middle East and Africa
Administrative Experience: Head Department of History, University of Lagos, Member Various Committees, Member of the Governing Council, University of Lagos.
Oluranti AFOWOWE
Department of History and International Studies
College of Humanities & Culture, Ikire Campus,
Osun State University, Osogbo,Nigeria
MEMBERSHIP OF PROFESSIONAL BODIES:
Appointed a member of Expert Panel for African Governance Report (AGRII) on March 3, 2007 by Development Policy Centre (DPC), Ibadan. Development policy Centre (DPC) was established by the internationally renowned scholar, Prof. Ojetunji Aboyade (CON)
Member, Historical Society of Nigeria
Member, African Council of Communication Education (ACCE)
MONOGRAPH/ TECHNICAL REPORTS
Afowowe, S.O. & Sam Obi (2008) Technical Report on Poverty Mapping of Anambra State Brussels: European Union
CHAPTERS IN BOOK
Afowowe, O.( 2011) "Babafemi Ogundipe: The Professional Soldier Statesman" in Olukoya Ogen (ed.) Expanding The Pantheon of Our National Heroes: Festschrift in Honour of Professor Sola Akinrinade Manitoba:,Canadian Centre for Global studies,
Afowowe, O.(2012) "The Praetorian Syndrome and African Military: The Nigerian Experience" in Olutayo Adesina, Olukoya Ogen and Noah Echa Attah (eds.)Critical Perspectives on Peace, Conflict and Warfare in Africa Ile-Ife: University Press. pp 105-122
Afowowe, O (2011) "Africom: Issues and Challenges for Nigeria" in African Nebula Issue 2, 2011
Afowowe, O.(2011) " Trends in the Nigerian Military Political Engagements (1966- 1998)" in AAU: African Studies Review Vol. 11, June, 2012
Afowowe, O. (2012) "Theoretical Foundation of Terrorism as Political Communication Strategy for State Power Acquisition: A Global Perspective" in Journal of African Council of Communication Education.
Afowowe, O. (1998)Onward Soldier Marches On: Biography of Major Gen. Adeyinka Adebayo Ibadan: Evans Brothers (Publishers) among other several publications
Ruth GINIO
History Department, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Israel
Ph.D. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 1999.
Postdoctoral research:
School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, 1999-2000
Columbia University, New York City, 2005-2006
2008 – 2010 Vice President of the French Colonial Historical Society
2010 – 2012 President of the French Colonial Historical Society
2012 – Head of the Interuniversity Program for African Studies
Select Publications:
Ginio, Ruth. French Colonialism Unmasked: The Vichy Years in French West Africa. Lincoln & London: Nebraska University Press, 2006.
Ginio, Ruth. European Colonialism: Ideology, Policy, Resistance (Ra'anana: The Open University Press, 2012) [In Hebrew]
Pal Ahluwalia, Louise Bethlehem and Ruth Ginio (eds.), Violence and Non-Violence: African Perspectives. London and New-York: Routledge, 2007.
Efrat Ben Ze'ev, Ruth Ginio and Jay Winter (eds.) Shadows of War: A History of Silence in the Twentieth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010
Ginio, Ruth. "'Marshal Petain Spoke to Schoolchildren' – Vichy Propaganda in French West Africa, 1940-1943". International Journal of African Historical Studies, 33:2 (2000), 291-312.
Ginio, Ruth. "French Colonial Reading of Ethnographic Research – The Case of the 'Desertion' of the Abron King and Its Aftermath". Cahiers d'Etudes africaines, 166, 42:2 (2002), 337-357. Ginio, Ruth. "La politique antijuive de Vichy en Afrique occidentale française", Archives juives. 36:1 (2003), 109-118. .
Ginio, Ruth. "French Officers, African Officers, and the Violent Image of African Colonial Soldiers", Historical Reflections, 36:2 (2010), 59-75.
Chapters in collective volumes:
Ginio, Ruth. "La propagande impériale de Vichy" in: Jacques Cantier et Eric Jennings (eds.). L'Empire de Vichy: Pour une nouvelle histoire des colonies françaises au temp de la Révolution nationale. Paris: Odile Jacob, 2004, 117-149.
Ginio, Ruth. "Elites européennes et coloniales face au nouveau régime en AOF" in: Jacques Cantier et Eric Jennings (eds.). L'Empire de Vichy: Pour une nouvelle histoire des colonies françaises au temps de la Révolution nationale. Paris: Odile Jacob, 2004, 235-263.
Ginio, Ruth. "Negotiating Legal Authority in French West Africa: The Colonial Administration and the African Assessors, 1903-1918" in: Benjamin Lawrance, Emily Osborn and Richard Roberts (eds.) Intermediaries, Interpreters, and Clerks: African Employees in the Making of Colonial Africa. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2006, 115-135.
Ginio Ruth, "African Soldiers, French Women, and Colonial Fears during and after World War II" in: Judith Byfield, Carolyn Brown, Timothy Parsons, and Ahmad Sikainga (eds), Re-centering Africa in the History of the Second World War. Cambridge University Press, forthcoming
Ginio Ruth. "'Saving French West Africa': The French army, African soldiers and military propaganda during the 1950s", in: Tony Chafer and Alexander Keese (eds.) Africa at Fifty. Manchester: Manchester University Press, forthcoming.
Saliou ABBA
2007-2008, Bachelor Degree in Political History and International Relations, University of Ngaoundéré-Cameroon
2009-2010, Master Degree in Military History, University of Ngaoundéré-Cameroon
2012-2013, Ph.d. candidate in Military History, University of Ngaoundéré-Cameroon
December 2011, recruited as Assistant Researcher in Social Sciences, National Center for Education, Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaoundé-Cameroon.
ACADEMIC PUBLICATIONS :
2008- « L'École coranique de Malam Aoudou Taparé », Bachelor Degree in History, University of Ngaoundéré.
2010- « Guerre et Paix chez les Guiziga de l'Extrême-Nord du Cameroun (XVIIIe-XXe siècle », Master Degree in Military History, University of Ngaoundéré.
CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECT AND PUBLICATIONS:
Saliou ABBA, « Le Haut Commandement allemand et les relations civilo militaires : analyse de la défaite de la Schutztruppe lors de la Grande Guerre au Kamerun (1895-1916) », Ph.d. Degree in the University of Ngaoundéré. Research in process and directed by Pr KOUFAN MENKENE Jean
Saliou ABBA, « The armed forces of Cameroon: the architects of unity within federalism (1961-1971) », to be published in the International Review of Human and Social Sciences, volume n°6.
Saliou ABBA, « From the battlefield to cemeteries and reinstatement: a trajectory of soldiers during the First World War in Cameroon (1914-1916) ».
Walter Gam NKWI
August 2012 (b) with Professors Francis B. Nymnjoh and Peit Konings University Crisis and Student Protests in Africa: The 2005-2006 University Students Strike in Cameroon (Bamenda, Mankon: Langaa Research and Common Initiative Publishing House.
May 2011 (c) Kfaang and its Technologies: Towards a Social History of Mobility in Kom, Cameroon, 1928-1998. Leiden, The Netherlands: Ipskamp Drukkers.
January 2011(a) Sons and daughters of the Soil: Land and Boundary Conflicts in the Bamenda Grassfields of Cameroon, 1955-2005. Bamenda, Mankon: Langaa Research and Common Initiative Publishing House.
May 2010 (b) Voicing the Voiceless: Contributions To Filling Gaps in Cameroon History, 1958-2009. Mankon, Bamenda: Langaa Research and Common Initiative Publishing House.
mariafernandarollo em Africa and the First World…
Casa Comum
Enciclopedia 1914-1918
Europeana 1914-1918
Europeana 1914-1918_Portugal
Memórias da Guerra
Portugal 1914-1918


text:
Poverty, Equity, Human Rights And Health.
P. Braveman, S. Gruskin
Published 2003 · Business, Medicine
Those concerned with poverty and health have sometimes viewed equity and human rights as abstract concepts with little practical application, and links between health, equity and human rights have not been examined systematically. Examination of the concepts of poverty, equity, and human rights in relation to health and to each other demonstrates that they are closely linked conceptually and operationally and that each provides valuable, unique guidance for health institutions' work. Equity and human rights perspectives can contribute concretely to health institutions' efforts to tackle poverty and health, and focusing on poverty is essential to operationalizing those commitments. Both equity and human rights principles dictate the necessity to strive for equal opportunity for health for groups of people who have suffered marginalization or discrimination. Health institutions can deal with poverty and health within a framework encompassing equity and human rights concerns in five general ways: (1) institutionalizing the systematic and routine application of equity and human rights perspectives to all health sector actions; (2) strengthening and extending the public health functions, other than health care, that create the conditions necessary for health; (3) implementing equitable health care financing, which should help reduce poverty while increasing access for the poor; (4) ensuring that health services respond effectively to the major causes of preventable ill-health among the poor and disadvantaged; and (5) monitoring, advocating and taking action to address the potential health equity and human rights implications of policies in all sectors affecting health, not only the health sector.
Risk-pooling--necessary but not sufficient?
P. Davies (2001)
Evolution of WHO policies for tuberculosis control, 1948–2001
Mc Raviglione (2002)
Strengthening WHO's position should be a priority for the new Director-General
Ken Bluestone (2003)
The right to health in international human rights law.
Virginia A. Leary (1994)
Equity in health and health care: a WHO / SIDA initiative.
P. Braveman (1996)
Screening in Primary Health Care: Setting Priorities with Limited Resources
Screening in Primary Health Care
A. B. Miller (1996)
Equity of Access to Medical Care: A Conceptual and Empirical Overview
L. Aday (1981)
10.1136/bmj.314.7080.591
Socioeconomic determinants of health: Health inequalities: relative or absolute material standards?
R. Wilkinson (1997)
10.1016/0140-6736(91)93068-K
Health inequalities among British civil servants: the Whitehall II study
M. Marmot (1991)
10.2105/AJPH.87.9.1491
Social capital, income inequality, and mortality.
I. Kawachi (1997)
10.1136/jech.57.4.254
Defining equity in health
The inverse care law.
J. Hart (1971)
10.1525/ctx.2004.3.4.38
The Health Divide
L. Berkman (2004)
Do human rights have a role in public health work?
S. Gruskin (2002)
A comparison of the relationships of education and income with mortality: the National Longitudinal Mortality Study.
E. Backlund (1999)
Unhealthy Societies: The Afflictions of Inequality
Low job control and risk of coronary heart disease in whitehall ii (prospective cohort) study
H. Bosma (1997)
Tackling inequalities in health : An agenda for action
M. Benzeval (1999)
Understanding How Inequality in the Distribution of Income Affects Health
J. Lynch (1997)
Challenging inequities in health: from ethics to action.
T. Evans (2001)
10.1056/NEJMSA012979
Contribution of major diseases to disparities in mortality.
M. Wong (2002)
10.1136/BMJ.320.7226.1
Joining together to combat poverty
A. Haines (2000)
The right to health fifty years on: still skeptical?
M. Kirby (1999)
What does quality mean to lay people? Community perceptions of primary health care services in Guinea.
S. Haddad (1998)
Integrating Equity into Health Information Systems: A Human Rights Approach to Health and Information
Lexi Bambas (2005)
10.1002/HPM.805
Evidences on weaknesses and strengths from health financing after decentralization: lessons from Latin American countries.
A. Arredondo (2005)
Equity, Empowerment and Choice
Jalpa Ratna (2007)
An Assessment of Human Rights-Based Approaches to Health Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Locally Employed Staff
I. McKinnon (2019)
Local adaptive evolution of two distinct clades of Beijing and T families of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Chongqing: a Bayesian population structure and phylogenetic study
Pengkuan Liang (2020)
"Health is gold": Institutional structures and the realities of health access in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
Panagiota Kotsila (2012)
10.1111/hae.13017
Use of donated clotting factors for surgeries on haemophilic patients in a resource‐constrained country: a kind donor, good outcome, change of practice and future directions
B. Poudyal (2016)
10.3402/gha.v3i0.5280
Adolescent pregnancies in the Amazon Basin of Ecuador: a rights and gender approach to adolescents' sexual and reproductive health
I. Goicolea (2010)
Oral health status of 5-year-old Aborigine children compared with similar aged marginalised group in south western India.
Abhinav Singh (2011)
Health Inequalities for Women Living in Rural Regions: The Prefecture of Xanthi, Greece
V. Papanikolaou (2011)
Global health and moral values
S. Alkire (2004)
10.15171/ijhpm.2017.56
University of Global Health Equity's Contribution to the Reduction of Education and Health Services Rationing
A. Binagwaho (2017)
10.1007/s11524-011-9625-y
Social Stability and Health: Exploring Multidimensional Social Disadvantage
D. German (2011)
10.1590/0102-311X00111415
Visión comprensiva y crítica de los modelos conceptuales sobre acceso a servicios de salud, 1970-2013
M. Arrivillaga (2016)
Shades of dignity: exploring the demands of equality in applying human rights frameworks to health.
A. Yamin (2009)
Communicative Construction of Native versus Non-Native Swedish Speaking Patients in Consultation Settings
Joel Hedegaard (2014)
EquiFrame: a framework for analysis of the inclusion of human rights and vulnerable groups in health policies.
M. Amin (2011)
10.3923/PJN.2006.218.223
Assessment of Chemical Compositions of Soybean Supplemented Weaning Foods and Nutritional Knowledge of Nursing Mothers on Their Utilizations
O. S. Ijarotimi (2006)
Setting the stage for equity-sensitive monitoring of the health MDGs
M. Wirth (2004)
The connection between serious life events, anti-retroviral adherence, and mental health among HIV-positive individuals in the Western Cape, South Africa
L. Brinkley-Rubinstein (2013)
SAÚDE DOS IMIGRANTES: MULTIDIMENSIONALIDADE, DESIGUALDADES E ACESSIBILIDADE EM PORTUGAL
Beatriz Padilla (2013)
10.3138/CJPE.30.3.07
Considering the Social Determinants of Equity in International Development Evaluation Guidance Documents
Kelly N. Robertson (2016)
SOCIAL MARGINALIZATION AND HEALTH
Marjana Bogdanović (2007)
10.14198/FEM.2011.18.05
Women's right to health in the Anglo-Caribbean: intimate partner violence, abortion and the State
F. Minvielle (2011)
10.2190/HS.43.2.c
Disparities in Health, Poverty, Incarceration, and Social Justice among Racial Groups in the United States: A Critical Review of Evidence of Close Links with Neoliberalism
Stephen Nkansah-Amankra (2013)
10.1353/cpr.0.0023
The Data Collection/Data Distribution Center: Building a Sustainable African-American Church-Based Research Network
Moses V. Goldmon (2008)
Population, Poverty and Gender: A Nexus of Interconnected Issues in Achieving Universal Primary Education in Pakistan
S. Malik (2015)
The EquiFrame Manual: A tool for Evaluating and Promoting the Inclusion of Vulnerable Groups and Core Concepts of Human Rights in Health Policy Documents
H. Mannan (2011)
10.1111/J.1525-1446.2006.230304.X
Key informants' perceptions of health care for elders at the U.S.-Mexico border.
G. Guo (2006)
Defining, Investigating, and Addressing Cancer Inequities: Critical Issues
N. Krieger (2009)
An equity analysis of utilization of health services in Afghanistan using a national household survey
C. Kim (2016)
Malaria eradication within a generation: ambitious, achievable, and necessary
R. Feachem (2019)


text:
Q: In .NET remoting, are both clientProvider and serverProvider required on the server side In many, many articles and samples online you see config files for the server side of a .NET remoting application like this:
<configuration>
  <system.runtime.remoting>
   <application>
     <channels>
      <channel ref="http" port="9999">
        <serverProviders>
          <provider ref="wsdl" />
          <formatter ref="soap" typeFilterLevel="Full" />
          <formatter ref="binary" typeFilterLevel="Full" />
        </serverProviders>
        <clientProviders>
         <formatter ref="binary" />
        </clientProviders>
      </channel>
     </channels>
     <service>
      <wellknown
        type="General.Shared, General"
        objectUri="Shared.soap"
        mode="Singleton"
        />
     </service>
   </application>
  </system.runtime.remoting>
</configuration>

Note that the client provider configuration info.  (Just one of the many samples found online).
What purpose does any client-related remoting configuration serve on the server/service side?  Assuming the service uses no callbacks, is the client configuration needed at all?
(Please note, this is in regards to debugging a legacy .NET 2.0 app that cannot be converted at this time to WCF.  For now I'm trying understand this aspect of the remoting setup).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Acupuncture stimulates cartilage repair for patients with knee osteoarthritis. Using MRIs, researchers have quantified the therapeutic effects of acupuncture. Within four weeks, acupuncture successfully improves the condition of cartilage in the anterior medial and lateral tibial regions of the knee. In addition, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores document that acupuncture reduces pain and stiffness levels while simultaneously improving physical function.
In a controlled trial (Zhang et al.), acupuncture was compared with the therapeutic benefits of physical therapy. The MRIs demonstrate that acupuncture improves cartilage in the knee region. Physical therapy did not stimulate cartilage repair. Pain, stiffness, and physical functioning improved with both therapies. However, acupuncture significantly outperformed physical therapy across all three WOMAC indices (pain, stiffness, and physical functioning).
The researchers used T2 MRIs (magnetic resonance imaging) to measure changes in knee cartilage integrity. The researchers selected T2 (transverse relaxation time) imaging because T2 pulses enhance visibility of fat, water content, and other anatomical structures in the body. The researchers note, "In the earliest stage of OA [osteoarthritis], collagen matrix of cartilage breaks down and cannot immobilize water protons, resulting in an elevation in T2 relaxation time." The researchers confirmed the findings with "Sagittal T2 Mapping images for the medial and lateral tibiofemoral joints." The T2 MRIs produced quality resolution documentation that acupuncture "improves medial tibial sub-region (MTa) and anterior lateral tibial sub-region (LTa)" cartilage.
One group received physical therapy and another study group received acupuncture. For the acupuncture group, electroacupuncture was administered by licensed acupuncturists with a practice experience in excess of twenty years. Acupuncture was applied once, every other day, for a total of four weeks. Needle retention time per acupuncture session was 20 minutes.
Medial and lateral Xiyan and Heding were chosen as the primary acupoints for all participants. Supplementary points were added to benefit local tissues. A total of 126 patient were screened for inclusion and 47 patients participants with 94 treated knees completed the clinical trials.
The researchers note that Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) principles were used to make the acupoint selection for the study. Local points were used to benefit local tissues and ST36 located on the stomach foot-yangming channel was selected because this channel "is full of energy and nutrition." The focus of ST36 stimulation was to invigorate qi through the channel.
Tuina massage, qigong, and taiji are traditional approaches to aspects of physical and movement therapy and have long been important modalities within TCM. Given that both acupuncture and physiotherapy produced positive patient outcomes in the study and that TCM includes physiotherapy within its scope of practice, integration of physiotherapy with acupuncture may produce greater positive patient outcomes than either treatment modality as a standalone therapy. This combination is consistent with TCM historical approaches to patient care.
The research confirms that acupuncture reduces pain and inflammation due to osteoarthritis of the knee. The MRI documentation demonstrates that acupuncture initiates cartilage repair. Patients seeking advice regarding acupuncture are advised to consult with local licensed acupuncturists.
Zhang, Yan, Fei Bao, Yan Wang, and Zhihong Wu. "Influence of acupuncture in treatment of knee osteoarthritis and cartilage repairing." American journal of translational research 8, no. 9 (2016): 3995.


"NSGIS is literally the superhero of the GIS world. It was very inspiring to work alongside your team and so refreshing to finally work with people who know what they're doing. Doug is also just a great teammate across the board."