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Document 52019DC0406
COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL Report on the implementation of national Roma integration strategies - 2019
COM/2019/406 final
Brussels, 5.9.2019
COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL
Report on the implementation of national Roma integration strategies - 2019
{SWD(2019) 320 final}
The European Commission published an evaluation of the EU Framework for National Roma Integration Strategies (NRIS) up to 2020 1 on 4 December 2018. The evaluation assessed the EU framework and how it mobilised other European policy, legal and funding instruments for Roma inclusion 2 . To complete the picture, this report of 2019 focuses on national implementation of Roma inclusion measures.
The main sources of the assessment are:
·reports from National Roma Contact Points (NRCPs) 3 ;
·civil society reports from the Roma Civil Monitor EP Pilot project 4 ;
·data on the situation of Roma from the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) 5 ;
·a meta-evaluation on Roma inclusion interventions 6 .
This report summarises the most important trends focusing on the four policy areas of the EU Framework for National Roma Integration Strategies (education, employment, health, housing), as well as fighting discrimination and antigypsyism. In each area the report highlights: the situation of Roma; summarises the main types of inclusion measures, achievements and challenges of their implementation (as reported by NRCPs); and formulates policy learning highlighting promising approaches and priorities to be addressed (based on existing evaluations, 7 feedback from civil society and NRCPs).
I. Substantive policy areas
This report contains the measures taken under the Council Recommendation on effective Roma integration measures 8 . The number of measures reported does not necessarily reflect the ambition or the effectiveness of efforts. In education and the fight against discrimination and antigypsyism most measures are targeted for Roma. In housing there is an even balance between targeted measures for Roma and general policy measures, i.e. mainstream measures. In employment, and to a lesser extent in health, Member States predominantly rely on mainstream measures to also promote Roma inclusion.
1.1. Focus of measures
Most Member States (MS) invest in measures to reduce early school-leaving (18 MS). The next most frequently used measures include: considering the needs of individual pupils in cooperation with their families (14MS); increasing the access to, and quality of, early childhood education and care (13 MS); and encouraging Roma participation in – and completion of – secondary and tertiary education (11MS). Efforts are also made to fight school segregation; use inclusive teaching methods; and develop skills adapted to labour market needs (12 MS each).
What about the substantive focus of the measures beyond the above goals? Here we find that Member States most often opt for measures to improve educational attainment: fighting drop-out; encouraging transition to – and completion of – secondary and tertiary education; or providing support to compensate for educational gaps, or material disadvantage. Taken together these types of measures account for 36% of all education measures. Other significant groups of measures focus on: the transition from education to employment by supporting vocational education; career development and lifelong learning; and capacity development of professionals (9-11%). Less widespread measures focus on integrated inclusion interventions and introducing Roma history and culture in the curricula (6-6%).
1.2. Achievements and challenges
The most widespread achievement mentioned by NRCPs in the area of education is mediation 9 . Other achievements include: development of kindergarten capacities 10 ; improved support to fighting and monitoring early school-leaving 11 ; and including Roma inclusion and non-discrimination related topics in teacher training or national curricula 12 .
The most significant challenges highlighted by NRCPs include: school participation, absenteeism, early school-leaving, the transition from primary to secondary and the completion of secondary education. 13 Other challenges include: fighting segregation 14 ; ensuring and developing human capacities 15 ; cooperation among stakeholders 16 ; promoting early childhood education and care; 17 adult learning and second chance education 18 ; and data availability 19 .
1.3. Policy learning
Education is the area with the highest number of interventions and evaluations. It is therefore also the area with a relatively greater number of promising approaches and policy lessons common to several countries. Some of the important policy lessons in this area include: the importance of early intervention and prevention; the need to ensure participation and empowerment of Roma parents (as a key element of supporting children in each stage of education); the role of extracurricular activities for strengthening identity and social networks of Roma children; the relevance of continuous complex support measures (tutoring combined with scholarship and removal of other cost barriers) in promoting the transition between educational levels and to employment. Although affirmative action has helped to improve Roma participation in education, it is important to avoid dedicating specific places for Roma who would have qualified for regular admittance.
Especially in Member States with a high share of Roma pupils, a systematic, complex and long-term approach is needed to fight school and class segregation, which remains a pressing problem that undermines the success of other inclusion measures. Key parts of this approach include: providing early and free access to quality inclusive early-childhood education and care in integrated settings (both to prepare Roma children, and to overcome prejudice between Roma and non-Roma children and parents in order to prevent later segregation); supporting Roma parents in school choice; gradual closing of segregated schools by educational authorities; and distributing Roma children across several schools (through the reorganisation of school catchment areas). These active desegregation measures should be accompanied by additional financial and professional support to promote the social and academic integration of Roma children in mainstream schools such as: covering costs of transportation, school materials, meals, extracurricular activities, supplementary classes; training pre-school staff and teachers in new methods of teaching in integrated school settings (including overcoming stereotypes); facilitating communication between parents and schools; informing parents of the benefits of integrated education; student mentoring, after-school support for Roma children, employment of teacher assistants; measures to sensitise the general public on the importance of educational inclusion and intercultural education for community relations via campaigns and media 20 .
Promising approaches:
Priorities to be addressed:
٠BG, CZ, DK, EL, FI, FR, HR, HU, LT, PL, SK: Introduction or extension of obligatory (free) pre-school, ESIF funded development of kindergartens, training for kindergarten teachers
٠CY, EL, ES, IE, IT, HR, HU, LT, LV, NL, PL, PT, RO, SE, SI: Programmes aimed at preventing school drop-out of Roma (girls) through after-school support, tutoring, scholarships, mentoring, mediation, assistants, second chance education, teacher training, support to families
٠AT, CY, FI, HU, IE, IT, PT, RO: Introducing Roma history (including the Holocaust) and/or culture in national curricula
٠IE, HR, RO: Allocation of places to Roma in secondary and tertiary education
٠LT: Network of schools attended by Roma children receiving capacity building and competence development
٠SE: Teachers training (Södertörn University) and secondary-level adult education in Romani
٠Support home parenting and early-childhood learning as part of comprehensive early intervention and prevention programmes
٠Introduce or further extend quality, inclusive, free and obligatory pre-school and remove financial and non-financial barriers to access
٠Promote quality, inclusiveness and results in education through incentives (funding and reform of teacher training), attracting the best teachers to disadvantaged schools/regions
٠Systematically monitor and fight school and class segregation with long-term comprehensive, preparatory and accompanying measures supporting Roma families
٠Build public support and cooperation of all stakeholders to complement explicit active desegregation measures
٠Combine scholarships, tutoring and extracurricular activities to prevent early-school-leaving and promote transition to the next stage of education
٠Target Roma girls, their parents and teachers to fight gender stereotypes and reduce early school-leaving
٠Promote transition to – and completion of – upper secondary and further education including by career guidance for Roma students and their families
2. Employment
The two largest groups of measures implemented by most Member States aim at removing barriers to the labour market (15MS) and individualised support for job-seekers (13 MS). Fewer, but still significant number of countries invest in vocational training (9MS), lifelong learning and skill development (10MS) and self-employment and entrepreneurship (8MS). The growing rates of Roma youth not in education, employment or training would certainly require even more efforts in supporting a first work experience (10MS). Two other areas that should be prioritised are: safeguards and personalised services to ensure that mainstream public employment services effectively reach out to disadvantaged Roma job-seekers; and positive action to promote Roma employment in the civil service.
What about the substantive focus of the measures? Here we find that Member States most often opt for individually oriented forms of support, such as employment subsidisation, other forms of cost sharing, career-development support (mentoring, coaching) and vocational training (altogether 35% of all measures). More general measures to promote social inclusion, community development, adult qualification and catch-up education make up 8-9% of the measures. Only one fifth of the measures target young people, which is clearly insufficient, given the challenges of Roma youth in employment.
In their reporting on 2017, several NRCPs referred to the positive impact of economic growth on the prospects for Roma employment 21 . But even more NRCPs referred to targeted measures, such as regional employment programmes (career-counselling, vocational or on-the-job training and job matching tailored to Roma or vulnerable job-seekers) 22 . Such measures are even more effective when Roma are involved as mediators, social workers, or other service providers.
NRCPs emphasise three main types of challenges: capacity of implementing structures 23 ; discrimination against Roma 24 ; and attitudes and trust of Roma themselves 25 .
Ensuring effective transition from education to the open labour market, tackling discrimination by employers, and ensuring meeting of demand for labour with supply (especially among Roma youth not in education, employment and training) appear to be the most critical points in employment. In order to reduce the gender gap in employment and the rate of Roma youth not in education, employment or training it is essential to incentivise and cooperate closely with private employers and to explicitly target Roma youth and women under mainstream policies (rather than creating parallel employment structures). Improving Roma employability should also include development of IT and foreign language skills. To ensure employment, however, other barriers also need to be addressed, in particular discrimination by employers, limited social network of Roma job-seekers or traditional gender roles in Roma communities. A combination of training, supported internships and antidiscrimination measures targeting employers can play an important role.
٠BG, CY, ES, IT, LV, NL, PT, SI: Regional or local employment programmes (individualised counselling) to promote active job-seeking or self-employment
٠HU, EL, ES, FR: Targeted programmes to improve the employability of Roma women (in the social sector)
٠IT, LT, HU: Examples of cooperation with employers for job placements for Roma and fighting stereotypes
٠SK: Amendment of the Act on Public Employment Services providing for an individual action plan to support labour market integration binding the jobseeker and the labour office
٠BE: Since 2016, Roma have access to the 'integration path' set up for people of foreign origin in Wallonia (courses on French language, basic knowledge of society; support to find employment and children's schooling). Municipalities employ Roma mediators in public social assistance centres, prevention or proximity services
٠HR: Ombudsman's office gives antidiscrimination training to public employment officers and other civil servants
٠UK: Race disparity audit and website to collect and disseminate information on discrimination in employment
٠Enable mainstream public employment services to effectively support Roma job-seekers' integration in the primary labour market
٠(Continue to) train and employ Roma and youth mentors, mediators to support transitions in education and to the labour market
٠Target Roma (youth and women) more explicitly with active labour market policies, including the Youth Guarantee
٠Sensitise and incentivise employers to employ Roma
٠Systematically monitor and fight discrimination in labour market access and at the workplace
٠Combine job placement support (internship) with IT and language training and work with employers
٠Prioritise (re)integration in the primary labour market over parallel systems (e.g. public or informal work)
٠Work on integrated solutions to tackle the vulnerable situation of undocumented mobile Roma, including by transnational cooperation
The two most significant types of measures reported by a majority of Member States focus on removing general barriers to healthcare and promoting health awareness (13-14 MS), representing a balance between supply and demand-side interventions. Other relevant measures include targeted vaccination programmes and access to specialised health services (6-7 MS).
What about the substantive focus of the measures? Here we find that Member States most often opt for measures improving the supply side (staff, facilities) of health provision (26% of measures). They also address the demand side by health awareness and information campaigns (21%). Other significant groups of measures include general actions to improve health and sanitation infrastructure at local level, and provision of preventive services (16-17%). Highly important interventions – providing Roma with health insurance and targeting health care professionals with antidiscrimination campaigns – are much less widespread (6-7%).
The achievements most often mentioned by NRCPs are: vaccination campaigns 26 ; other prevention and detection programmes 27 ; improving hygiene, health conditions and access to healthcare 28 ; awareness raising 29 ; health mediation 30 ; and multi-stakeholder cooperation involving national and local authorities and civil society 31 . There was a notable lack of reference to antidiscrimination efforts; improving hygienic living conditions; and access to healthy food.
Challenges reported include: lack of coordination and effective communication between the national and local levels; maintaining appropriate (national or EU) funding or staffing 32 ; lack of self-consciousness on health matters 33 ; lack of health insurance coverage among Roma 34 ; and insufficient knowledge of health professionals on Roma issues. 35 There was also concern about low vaccination rates among Roma, which in some countries are reported to contribute to higher premature mortality and morbidity rates 36 . Participation and empowerment of Roma in health care initiatives is considered challenging, also due to low literacy and language barriers 37 .
Both measures and evaluations are scarce in the area of health (as well as housing), limiting opportunities for policy learning and transfer. The most broadly used promising practices focus on prevention via vaccination campaigns and the training and employment of Roma health mediators. It is important, however, that targeted support services actively aim to improve health awareness, change behaviours and build long-term self-reliance and ability of Roma to engage with mainstream institutions, instead of dependence on permanent intermediaries and long-term parallel structures. Antidiscrimination measures targeting healthcare professionals should be prioritised.
٠BG, CZ, DK, EL, FR, HU, PL, PT, RO, SE, SI, SK: Training and employment of Roma health mediators (assistants, visitors, bridge builders) to promote Roma access to healthcare
٠AT, BG, EL, FR, HU, HR, PL, SK, UK: Vaccination campaigns targeting Roma (girls, women), and those living in marginalised areas
٠CZ, IT, RO, SI, SK: Long-term national health programmes, action plans, strategies
٠ES: Ensuring Roma and civil participation in the design of health prevention and training programmes for social service professionals
٠FI: Roma Wellbeing Study by the National Institute for Health and Welfare
٠PT: Evidence-based planning of interventions to fight health inequalities of Roma, including information and awareness raising materials on teenage motherhood, paediatric follow-up and healthy eating habits
٠LT: Health awareness seminars on preventive care, sexual and reproductive health and childcare targeting Roma women and youth
٠Increase health insurance coverage, fill gaps in primary and specialised care provision, including reproductive and sexual health in disadvantaged areas
٠Step up efforts to prevent and fight drug addiction, smoking, HIV, hepatitis, tuberculosis, cardio-vascular diseases, premature birth
٠Monitor and fight discrimination in access to health and sensitise health professionals to Roma needs
٠Ensure that targeted Roma health mediators help build the long term self-reliance of Roma
٠Improve nutrition and fight unhealthy living conditions targeting Roma women and families with children
4. Housing
The measures most commonly reported by Member States aim to: ensure access to public utilities (water, electricity, gas) and infrastructure for housing; support desegregation; promote non-discriminatory access to social housing (10-12 MS). Only a minority of Member States invest in integrated housing interventions targeting marginalised communities in the framework of local urban regeneration projects (7MS) or use ESIF for community-led local development or integrated territorial investments (4 MS). Only 2 Member States reported on provision of halting sites for non-sedentary Roma.
What about the substantive focus of the measures? Here we find that Member States most often focus on maintenance, provision and repair of municipal and social housing (27%); infrastructure in Roma settlements (16%); as well as legislative measures, construction permits or legalisation of informal housing (13%). Explicit active desegregation, including the removal of slums, as well as integrated territorial measures or social/infrastructural support for the homeless is much less common as a central focus of investment (7% each).
NRCPs reported that the most significant achievements were in access to social housing 38 . Another important cluster of achievements mentioned by several NRCPs was the elimination of slums and spatial segregation 39 . NRCPs also referred to results in the provision of halting sites 40 , access to public utilities (such as water, electricity and gas) and infrastructure for housing 41 ; the legalisation of housing 42 ; and in urban regeneration 43 .
Reported challenges include: spatial segregation 44 ; barriers for Roma to access housing in the private sector 45 ; as well as public support for and legislation on access to social housing 46 .
Housing is the policy with the fewest examples of promising approaches common to several countries. It is also the area where a long-term, integrated and comprehensive approach has been found to be especially critical, including: complementing provision of housing with accompanying support combining elements of employment, education, health and community development; and embedding interventions in broader national policy and legislation on land and social housing. Promoting spatial desegregation requires a targeted, coordinated, and participatory process: engaging Roma beneficiaries in the design and implementation of community and individual housing options; combining infrastructural and human investments; and awareness raising to reduce ethnic tensions and overcome resistance from majority society. Other areas that need to be prioritised include: developing the social housing stock ensuring improved access for Roma; preventing forced evictions as part of a multi-stakeholder, broad housing approach; and providing sufficient and culturally appropriate halting sites for non-sedentary Roma.
٠ES: Local and regional governments with NGO support have significantly reduced the prevalence of shanty towns over the past 15 years leading to desegregation as part of an integrated approach with sustainable improvements in education, health and employment
٠CZ: ESIF support scaling up local 'housing first' initiatives, built on models of successful social housing pilot by local governments and social rental agency by NGOs, excluding housing in segregated areas (methodology to identify residential segregation piloted by the Ministry of Labour and 12 municipalities)
٠EL: New regulations to promote: relocation from camps and settlements; improvement of infrastructure; creation of self-management and protection system of residential complexes; and rent subsidy for finding a home in integrated settings
٠FR: Multi-stakeholder comprehensive 'housing first' approach in Toulouse to help Roma move from camps to integrated areas, accompanied by social support, literacy and other training, access to education, employment and healthcare
٠SI: Public tenders for basic communal infrastructure (water, electricity, roads) targeting municipalities where Roma live
٠LT: Desegregation process in the Kirtimai settlement in Vilnius by relocation combined with offer of social housing with subsidised rent to families with many children.
٠SE: Guidance and training for landlords to increase knowledge and fight discrimination against Roma
٠Invest in affordable and appropriate social housing stock in integrated areas, and ensure that eligibility criteria are accessible for Roma
٠Provide housing assistance targeting the most vulnerable
٠Legalise housing and prevent forced evictions
٠Combine comprehensive long-term desegregation with preparatory and accompanying measures building public support and interethnic community relations and ensure participation of communities in design and implementation
٠Ensure access to clean water, basic amenities and essential public services for all, with explicit safeguards for Roma
٠Fight discrimination in access to (social and private) housing
٠Ensure the provision of sufficient, properly serviced and culturally appropriate halting sites for Travellers
II. Fighting discrimination and antigypsyism
1.Focus of measures
Antidiscrimination measures most reported by Member States include: fighting antigypsyism by awareness raising on the benefits of Roma inclusion; awareness raising about diversity; and combatting anti-Roma rhetoric and hate speech (10-12MS). Few Member States invest in measures that seek to protect Roma women and children by fighting multiple discrimination, (domestic) violence, or underage and forced marriages (2-4 MS). Only 4 Member States report investing in measures to ensure the effective enforcement of the Racial Equality Directive (2000/43/EC). Even fewer refer to local or regional desegregation measures (3MS), or fighting trafficking in human beings (2MS). Only one Member State reported measures to prevent unlawful evictions or begging with children; and to promote cross-border cooperation.
What about the substantive focus of the measures? Here we find that Member States most often invest in promoting Roma culture and heritage as a way to raise awareness and fight antigypsyism indirectly among the general public (22%). Somewhat fewer measures target awareness raising to directly fight discrimination and intolerance (18%). Other measures focus on capacity development of institutions (15%), Roma civil society (12%) and human rights monitoring mechanisms (11%). Key areas that received less focus were the provision of legal support, the empowerment of Roma women and desegregation (5-6%). Only 16% of reported antidiscrimination measures targeted explicitly Roma youth, and 10% targeted Roma women.
2.Achievements and challenges
The achievements most often mentioned by NRCPs were: improving the conditions of Roma women and children 47 ; combating antigypsyism by breaking stereotypes or promoting Roma culture and history 48 ; and involving all relevant actors (public authorities, civil society and Roma communities) in efforts to promote anti-discrimination 49 .
Several NRCPs referred to challenges of improving access to legal protection and rights awareness 50 , as well as difficulties in fighting against stereotypes 51 and improving the situation of Roma women and children. 52 The mere fact that several Member States 53 – including some with large Roma communities and several with very high rates of perceived discrimination among Roma – did not report any antidiscrimination measures underlines the gravity of challenges in this area.
3.Policy learning
Experience with Roma inclusion actions shows that long-term change in any of the policy areas requires tackling antigypsyism and discrimination towards Roma, and building trust between Roma and non-Roma communities. To succeed Roma inclusion actions in all policy areas must be linked to common values and include awareness raising among the general public. To fight stereotypes, hate speech, and hate crime it is necessary to build positive narratives on Roma among mainstream society and strengthen Roma identity, via specific targeted measures to fight antigypsyism and promote recognition of Roma history (including the Holocaust). The most successful actions do not just align with, but rather transform mainstream structures and policies by fighting prejudices and stereotypes and building a positive image of Roma among policy-makers and other stakeholders.
٠AT: As a result of an online consultation on the NRIS, efforts to address antigypsyism intensified. Fighting antigypsyism became a priority under the revised strategy and the focus of a dedicated event of the Austrian EU presidency
٠DE: An independent expert commission on antigypsyism has been set up to provide the government with concrete recommendations regarding the history of Sinti and Roma in Germany, their persecution and discrimination, as well as recommendations for addressing antigypsism today.
٠Recognition of the Roma Holocaust and setting up of a committee against racism with Roma participation (SK); monuments, exhibitions and online platform to commemorate Roma victims of the Holocaust (NL); annual commemoration of Roma Holocaust Remembrance Day in Auschwitz-Birkenau Concentration Camp (PL); Roma History and Art Museum and compensation to victims of forced labour (LV)
٠CZ: The government bought the pig farm located at the site of the former concentration camp at Lety u Písku. A memorial to the victims of the Roma Holocaust will be built with EEA grants support
٠SE: Work by the Commission against Antigypsyism resulting in acknowledgement of historic and current antigypsyism; special police units combating hate crime cooperating with minorities including Roma
٠ES: Campaigns to fight stereotypes and disseminate Roma culture run by the Roma Culture Institute and regional governments with Roma civil involvement; free legal aid service for victims of discrimination and hate crime by bar associations of Madrid, Barcelona, Malaga, Seville and Cordoba; prosecutor specialised in hate crimes and discrimination in Spanish provinces
٠IT: The equality body (and NRCP) established a contact centre for complaints on hate crime providing support and legal help to victims and a media & Internet observatory training Roma and non-Roma youth to monitor, remove or report hate speech
٠FI: Antidiscrimination campaigns against hate crime and hate speech by NGOs with Roma involvement; awareness raising among Roma on gender roles within the family; obligatory equality planning by municipalities and larger employers monitored by the Non-discrimination Ombudsman's office
٠IE: A code of ethics for the Irish police with specific reference to fighting discrimination against the Traveller community; appointment of 277 ethnic liaison officers to build trust between Travellers and the police
٠CZ, EL, HU SK, RO: Mapping of socially excluded/Roma communities that can be used to target interventions including those funded from ESIF
٠UK: Facility for the online reporting of hate crime
٠Develop ethnically disaggregated (anonymised) data collection to monitor antigypsyism, discrimination and the impact of public policies on Roma
٠Develop actions to fight, raise awareness about, monitor and sanction antigypsyism, hate crime and hate speech (linked to broader anti-racism strategies) with Roma civil involvement targeting society as a whole
٠Ensure the enforcement of equality legislation and tackle discriminatory treatment by law enforcement and other public authorities through thorough investigation, dissuasive sanctions, sensitisation and antidiscrimination training
٠Support Roma access to justice with a focus on victims of multiple discrimination (women, LGBTI, non-citizen Roma), and reinforce the capacity of equality bodies to deal with discrimination against Roma
٠Set up Roma-led truth and reconciliation processes to explore, document and raise awareness about past abuses against Roma, and promote trust and reconciliation
٠Empower Roma to participate fully in political, cultural and social life and all stages of the policy process
٠Follow a holistic, gender and child sensitive approach; fight child abuse, early marriages, begging involving children (through the enforcement of legislation protecting children rights), violence, including trafficking in human beings
٠Alleviate the social costs of begging and maintain human dignity
III. Roma inclusion in the enlargement Region
Western Balkans geared up their ambition beyond expectations and mandate 54 and endorsed the same Roma inclusion objectives and working methods 55 as Member States. Solid and sustainable improvements on Roma integration are necessary to progress towards the EU. To take into account the effects of previous accessions, especially in the field of free movement of persons, progress on Roma integration is for the first time included as a full element in the ongoing negotiation in the accession process for Chapter 23 "Judiciary and fundamental rights". The results of the 2017 survey on the socio-economic situation of the Roma in the Western Balkans, has allowed the partners to identify new challenges, such as enhanced support for successful reintegration of returnees to the region, and establish a solid basis for defining the requirements of the future Roma policy. For the first time a dedicated annex to this Communication focuses on Roma inclusion in the enlargement region presenting both detailed horizontal and country specific information.
IV. Conclusions
The review of Roma inclusion measures underline the need to identify and develop with active Roma involvement interventions that: respond to and are proportionate with the scale of the challenges; promise measurable results; and include realistic options to generate acceptance by society at large. Success factors for planning, implementation and monitoring Roma inclusion interventions are identified as follows:
٠Sufficient time not only for implementation, but for planning, consultation, engaging stakeholders, building trust with communities, monitoring, evaluation and policy review
٠Systematic collection of robust data disaggregated by gender and age to inform needs and context analysis; build a baseline; set targets; and populate outcome and impact indicators
٠Embedding targeted interventions in mainstream policy and legal frameworks to ensure that they remain temporary and promote effective equal access of Roma to mainstream services, instead of creating permanent parallel structures
٠Strong multi-stakeholder partnership – to ensure ownership, shared responsibility and sustainability 56
٠Active participation of Roma and all stakeholders in all stages (planning, implementation, monitoring, evaluation and policy review)
٠Intersectional, cross-sectoral, integrated approaches to tackle multiple discrimination and multi-dimensional exclusion
٠Gender and child sensitive approach: planning, based on the analysis of the needs of Roma women and children; comprehensive approach; and continuous support especially in critical transitions
٠Accounting for the diversity among Roma: reflect on the real needs; ensure sensitivity to local contexts; and address the exclusion and discrimination patterns faced by specific Roma communities
٠Tackling extreme poverty with a combination of territorial and group targeting in comprehensive interventions to promote long-term change
٠Explicit but not exclusive targeting to ensure consideration of the wider context and prevent resentment from other disadvantaged groups
٠Prioritisation of prevention and early intervention to ensure cost efficiency and generate long-term, sustainable change
٠Desegregation (in education and housing) as a long-term priority instead of improving quality in segregated settings
٠Recognition of antigypsyism to promote a strong non-discrimination approach in Roma inclusion interventions in all areas 57
٠Expertise to ensure quality, non-discriminatory services
٠Building the capacity of civil society, public administration and Roma
٠Visible, long-term political and sufficient financial support (including allocation from the national budget) to ensure institutionalisation of promising practices and sustainability
٠Flexibility to ensure success by allowing for policy learning and adjustment
٠Independent quantitative and qualitative monitoring and evaluation to measure progress, and ensure policy review
COM (2011) 173. In line with the Council conclusions (EPSCO 106665/11) endorsing the framework, Member States were to develop "national Roma inclusion strategies, or integrated sets of policy measures within their broader social inclusion policies". The terms 'NRIS' and 'strategy' also cover integrated sets of policy measures.
COM (2018) 785. The term 'Roma' is used to refer to a number of different groups (e.g. Roma, Sinti, Kale, Gypsies, Romanichels, Boyash, Ashkali, Egyptians, Yenish, Dom, Lom, Rom, Abdal) and includes Travellers, without denying the specificities of these groups.
For country abbreviations see www.ec.europa.eu/eurostat . All Member States (MS) with the exception of DK, FI and IE (and MT that has no Roma community) reported in 2018. Given late submission of the DE report, it could only be included in Annex 1 (country summaries), but not in the thematic analysis reflected in the Communication and the Staff Working Document (SWD).
Meta-evaluation of Roma inclusion interventions, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, forthcoming 2019
AT, FR, EL, ES, IT, LV, RO
e.g. CZ, SK
e.g. HU, ES, LV
e.g. AT, ES, IT, PT
AT, CY, EE, EL, ES, FR, HR, LT, NL
EL, ES, HR, RO
EL, LV, SE, SK
ES, LT, LV, PL
BG, EL, ES
AT, BG, EL
HR, IT, PT
http://www.romaeducationfund.org/sites/default/files/publications/desegregation_toolkit__2015_web.pdf
BG, ES, HR
AT, BG, CZ, ES, FR, HR, HU, LV, NL, SK
AT, EL, PL, PT, SK
EE, ES, LT, LV, NL, PT, RO
BG, EE, FR, NL, PT
EL, FR, HU, HR
HU, PL, SI
AT, HU, RO
CZ, HU, LT, SI
FR, RO, SE, SK
BG, RO
EL, HU, LT, SE, RO
BG, CZ, EL, HR
BG, ES, HR, RO
AT, CZ,
ES, EL
BG, PL, SK,
AT, CZ, EL, HU, LV, LT, PT, RO
ES, FR, HU, IT, LT
FR, NL
BG, CY, ES, SK
ES, LT, LV, NL
CZ, BG
BG, EE, ES, HU, HR, PT, SK
ES, FR, HU, LV
IT, ES, SI
AT, CZ, LT, PT
EE, ES, HR, LV
BG, ES, SK
CY, FR, EL, PL, RO
Point 6: "Promoting Roma Integration Beyond the EU: the particular situation of enlargement countries". Three objectives were set for the enlargement countries: improved used of IPA funds; enhanced monitoring; closer cooperation with civil society.
Report annually on implementation; appointed National Roma Contact Points; held Annual National Platforms closely involving civil society organisations; held Roma Seminars; report on fulfilment of their commitments in the Enlargement Package and the Stabilization and Association Agreement Subcommittees.
This also implies close cooperation between stakeholders working with Roma and those developing and implementing mainstream public policies, as well as cooperation between local public and private service providers with civil society working closely with Roma communities.
This should also include the recognition of the specificities of antigypsyism, hate crime and anti-Roma rhetoric, as well as the challenges faced by Roma victims in accessing justice, protection and support (such as underreporting also due to fear of discrimination or reprisal by investigating authorities, risks of re-victimisation, impact of the authorities' own biased attitudes on criminal law responses, etc.).


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The common case is that the file wasn't present when we tried to run it.


Holiday party season is upon us and if you weren't at some kind of holiday gathering last weekend, I bet your calender is already chock-a-block full of ugly sweater and end of the world parties in the coming weeks. Holiday parties can be stressful and if the World really is going to end on the 21st you don't want to spend your last precious moments on Earth stressing about what you're going to serve to your guests. This baked brie is super easy, really tasty, only requires 5 ingredients and looks pretty on your table (seriously what could be better than that? baked creamy cheese wrapped in a delicious layer of flaky dough?) I've tried using other preserves like apricot or marmalade with this recipe- but I always come back to the whole blueberry preserves, the flavor combination can't be beat! Don't skimp on the cheap-o jam for this- the real chunks of blueberry make all the difference! Enjoy!
Preheat oven to 350 degrees. Spray a cookie sheet with cooking spray and unroll crescent dough on to cookie sheet. Place unwrapped wheel of brie on dough and spread evenly with preserves. Depending on your taste you can add more or less preserves. Being careful not to rip a hole in the dough, pull dough around the cheese tucking the corners into each other. Some people try and make this look fancy- I just fold the dough so there are no gaps or exposed cheese- the candied pecans will distract anyone from noticing you attempted to etched Rudolph on to the top of your brie wheel. If the end of the world really is less than two weeks away, do you really want to spend your last moments on Rudolph? I didn't think so.
Looks perfect, right? Place in the oven for 20-25 minutes or until the top is golden brown. When the brie has about 5 minutes remaining in the oven, melt butter in a small saucepan over medium heat. Add brown sugar to melted butter and stir until fully incorporated and it begins to thicken slightly. Remove from heat, add chopped pecans and stir. Remove brie from oven and transfer to serving platter. Pour sugar mixture immediately over brie and serve with crackers, pita chips or french bread. Enjoy! This is my favorite preserves to use for this recipe but any whole berry preserves will work!
This entry was posted in Appetizers, Recipes and tagged baked brie, blueberry preserves, candied pecans, crescent dough by skibootsinthekitchen. Bookmark the permalink.


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Residential Property Developments
Mill Creek Residential eyes site near Fashion Square for new 8-story apartment building
Mill Creek Residential Trust, the Boca Raton-based developer behind Orlando's Modera Central and Modera Creative Village, is eying a location for a third luxury apartment tower.
Damon Kolb, managing director for development, is one of two Mill Creek executives who met recently with planning staff from the City of Orlando to discuss plans for a new project on at 740 Bennett Rd. on land currently occupied by Gilt nightclub. The site is just east of Orlando Fashion Square mall and north of the U-Haul facility on Colonial Drive.
Rebecca Wilson, shareholder for Lowndes, represented the developer in the discussions, which involve building an 8-story apartment building with three floors of residential uses above a 5-story parking structure. The existing nightclub was built in 1983 as a movie theater/drafthouse and sits on 2.7 acres. The conceptual plan would create a secondary access to the site directly off Colonial Drive and a pedestrian link north to the Cady Way trail.
The developer of Modera-brand luxury apartments is eyeing a site on Bennett Road for its next Orlando project. (City of Orlando)
The plan also identifies the parcel to the north at 756 Bennett Rd. (current home to the Orlando Metropolitan Bridge Center) as a second development site. That 9.2-acre parcel is owned by the City of Orlando.
Mill Creek entered the Orlando market in 2015 with the Modera Central mixed-use tower at 125 E. Pine Street in Orlando's Central Business District. The trust sold the 350-unit tower, minus the University Club, in late December for $137.25 million. Meanwhile, the developer is wrapping up construction of Modera Creative Village, an 8-story midrise community featuring features 292 apartment homes, structured parking and approximately 10,000 feet of ground-floor retail.
Mill Creek tweaks design for Modera apartments at Creative Village
Nearly five months after filing its initial designs, Mill Creek Residential Trust has won approval from Orlando's Creative Village Development Review Committee for its 292-unit Art Moderne-inspired apartment building.
In December, Mill Creek broke ground on Modera Riverside, a 36-story high-rise mixed-use tower in downtown Miami.
The area around Orlando Fashion Square mall has been a magnet for new multifamily development over the last several years. South Florida-based Cornerstone Group completed the 361-unit Urbon at Audubon Park last year just north of the mall property and sold it in August for $96.25 million.
Also in December, Orlando's City Council approved a new master framework plan for the redevelopment of Fashion Square into a mixed-use community with 1,400 apartments and live-work units. The lead developer is New Jersey-based M & M Realty, a joint-venture led by Edgewood Properties founder Jack Morris and JMP Holdings President Joe Marino.
The total plan calls for 177,000 square feet of new retail and dining uses, including two restaurant pads fronting on Colonial, a 120-room hotel, two new parking garages and a central event lawn with a pavilion.
Horizon West developer seeks different path for Wellness Way

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This one is for the ladies. We are told by beauty experts and as beauty experts to wash our faces every night to wipe off all the make-up and pollutants of the day, and then again in the morning to wash off the traces of dirt from our pillow and such.
I'm the first one to admit that I'm lazy when it comes to this routine. I've gone to bed with my make-up still intact many more times than not. The only time my face has gotten washed in the morning was if I was taking a shower that morning and I'd wash it while in there. I know, I know. SUPER lazy. I should be ashamed.
As I've gotten older, however, as well as taking college courses in Personal Beauty and Advanced Personal Beauty and learning so much more about skincare, I am learning to retrain myself in my laziness and take better care of my skin. It is the largest organ of our body of course. Everything we put on it and expose it to takes 26 seconds to enter our bloodstream which then goes to the other organs in our body. I won't go into the layers and all of the scientific stuff here, but just say that it is very important that we take good care of our skin. It is the first thing that others see about us and effects us in our feeling good about our selves.
Outside of knowing its good to wash and keep our skin moisturized it's very important the products we use. Colby College's Clean Makeup website reports that parabens can mimic estrogen and disrupt the body's hormone system. In 2004, a study by the University of Reading in the United Kingdom found concentrations of parabens, particularly methylparaben, in human breast tumors. This is just one among several ingredients that you should try to avoid. Here is a nice little chart.
I won't go into the reasons behind each, but there have been studies to discourage their use – at least as much as possible. I will let you do your own research. I will say in laymen's terms that when you put synthetics on your body which is natural, it doesn't process them well. It stands to reason. So, I encourage you to look to more natural products since it's been said that especially women put on an average of around 168 chemicals on their skin daily. These are found in products many uses on the daily from shampoo, conditioner, deodorant, lotions, perfumes, and other products we lather on our face and bodies. Do we have to be perfect about it? Well, in a perfect world we would be and use only all natural. For most of us who aren't perfect, however, it may not be 100%. I do wear cologne on the occasion, but there are natural body sprays I love and wear more.
Having said this I will tell you that I have tried MANY different brands of products. I like ones that WORK. I do realize that more natural products can seem to cost more money. I say seem because when you waste so much money on products that aren't natural and don't work and end up trying something else you are wasting far more money and end up with cabinets, shelves, and counters full of wasted money. So I am going to let you know some products that do work and I feel are worth it.
Perfectly Posh. Their line is cute and funky. Made in the USA products. No nasties. Paraben free. This is the only company I have ever used all of the products to the very last drop. No waste. I am in love with Posh and they feel amazing and REALLY WORK!!! I love their body butter. Brazillian Bombshell is my fave scent. mmarie.po.sh. This company gives back and I've been a founding consultant for 5 years now because of my love of the products and their quality. Great price points for all natural products as well.
NuSkin. A company that has been around for 34 years. Their Epoch line I really like. The Ava Puhi Moni Shampoo and light conditioner. You don't need to buy shampoo and conditioner separate. I'm all for one easy step. Saves time in the shower. They have lots of other great products for face and body as well as nutritional products that help with the aging process from not only the outside but the inside. Check some of my fave products out here. natureme.mynuskin.com. Lots more on the NuSkin site. My Affiliate number is US01371999. I became an affiliate because these products are great and being one saves me money. If you try and love the products, you might think about becoming an affiliate to save on them as well. I didn't become one to really make money, and don't really promote, but you can make some if you really want to work it as a business. This company gives back as well.
Neals Yard Remedies. They are an organic company that has some really good standards. Their Frankenscence line is my fave of theirs. I love their ethics about the earth. I am not a consultant though I was at one time before finding Posh.


JEEVA NIVAS Orphanage for HIV + youth, Chinnakalapet, Pondicherry.
This project was commissioned byArul Ashram, Pondicherry, India. The Ashram provides a refuge for adults and children with AIDS/ HIV. The Boys' home is a stepping stone for young HIV + orphans to an independent life; a place where teenagers grow into young men who can manage their health and pursue higher education or a trade.
The requirement of areas, functions and their relation was quite complex. The building was to host, 15 youth, 1 special educator, 2 volunteers, a cook's family. Due to the site surface area limitation, the built form had to be extruded vertically to be able to accommodate all these multiple functions. Also the principle wind direction was only on the narrow end of the site. A composition of vertical load-bearing Wall fins was devised as the main structure. These wall fins were staggered to allow cross ventilation even in the rooms on the far side of the wind directionUse of "Stack Effect" using the vertical staircase shaft increases air flow. Large screened openings allow for ample air flow. Mud plaster for external rendering to reduce the use of cement and to lower thermal heat gain. The interiors provide a clean and organized living environment which by design, stays very cool in the summer, without mechanical ventilation.


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Five detained in hacking of Qatar News Agency
Posted By Rachel Hardy on August 28, 2017
Qatar's attorney general said Turkey has detained five suspects in connection with the hacking of Qatar's state news agency in May.
"Five people involved in the hacking are now being interrogated", HE Dr al-Marri stated while adding that all the details regarding the subject will be announced once the investigation is over, QNA reported.
Marri said in a statement carried by QNA that the arrests have come as result of security cooperation between Doha and Ankara to combat cyber crime.
The statements were quickly taken down. "The prosecutors in Qatar are working with the Turkish authorities to follow the case", he said in comments published by the Qatar News Agency (QNA). Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates severed ties with Qatar in June over comments briefly posted on the Qatar News Agency attributed to its ruler in which he allegedly praised their arch-foe Iran. Five people were detained and they are being investigated.
However no details have been provide by the Qatari or Turkish authorities as to the identity of the arrested persons and their links to the QNA hacking.
Turkey has backed Doha throughout the standoff.
The attack on the website of QNA started as early as April 19 when professional hackers began to scan the site using VPN programmes to look for loopholes in the system, the technical investigation team of the MoI revealed.
The Washington Post, quoting unnamed United States intelligence officials, reported that the UAE orchestrated the hacking and planted a false story that was used as a pretext for the crisis between Qatar and four Arab countries.
Posted in World
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Nepal PM visits Infosys, T-Hub in Hyderabad →


Bread, and pasta, and bagels, and donuts! The perfect pin to show your love for the most important food group!
Each pin starts off with a design that I've drawn and hand painted using watercolor paint. I then make a digital scan of the painting and turn it into a pin! Each pin measures approximately 1.5 inches!


Before Navajo County, Arizona was formed, it was first made part of Yavapai County on November 8, 1864. But Yavapai County was so large; it was subsequently divided into six different counties on February 24, 1879, from which Apache County was created. Encompassing almost 21,000 square miles, the newly created Apache County was mostly unknown and uninhabited. As Texas cattlemen began to move in, Apache and Navajo Indians raided the settlements. To further complicate matters on this large section of Old West frontier, Apache County was soon torn by range wars between the newly settled Texas cattleman and the already established Mexican and Indian sheep men.
Then again, on March 21, 1895, Apache County was split to create Navajo County. The bill to create the new county, authored by Will C. Barnes, created a two month fight within the territorial legislature. Held up by a filibuster, it finally passed within a few moments of adjournment on the last day of the session.
When Navajo County was formed, Owens was appointed as its first sheriff, a position he held until Frank Wattron was elected to the post in 1896.
In 1898, the county erected a new courthouse that would become the scene of a number of notorious trials over the years. The basement of the courthouse housed the jail cells, manufactured as complete units in St. Louis, Missouri and shipped to Holbrook on railroad flatcars. The small, dark cells were very effective throughout the years, as no one ever escaped from them.
Though the court would continue to dispense justice at this location for the next seventy-eight years, the most famous would always continue to be the first and only man ever hanged in Navajo County.
In November, 1899, the new courthouse jail was holding one of its most notable prisoners, a murderer named George Smiley. Convicted of having killed a railroad section foreman named McSweeney, Smiley was scheduled to hang on December 8, 1899. At this time Arizona law required that the county sheriff send "invitations" of executions to the other Arizona sheriffs, as well as certain territorial officials. However, the legislature did not provide a form for the required invitation nor any guidelines on the format.
Goaded by his friends, Wattron decided to issue a "novel" invitation, having it professionally printed on gilt-bordered paper. However, when a reporter got a hold of the invitation, he wired it to the Associated Press.
Before long the invitation was printed in newspapers all over the nation and even appeared in the London Times, the Berlin Tageblatt and Paris Fiarge. President McKinley then wired Arizona Governor Nathan Oakes Murphy, who stayed the execution for 30 days and issued a reprimand to Wattron.
Though Sheriff Wattron was seemingly un-phased, stating to a friend, "Well, I got a hell of a lot of notoriety anyway," the incident rankled him. Determined to make his point and have the last word, he prepared a second printed invitation, this time more "mournful" than the first and slightly sarcastic. It too was professionally printed, though this time the invitation was edged in black. He then waited to mail out the second invitation until he was sure it would not be received by the governor and other officials until after the execution had been performed.
In any event, George Smiley was finally hanged on January 8, 1900.
The historic building continued to serve the Navajo County public up until 1976 when a new governmental center was established south of Holbrook. In 1978 the Richardsonian Romanesque courthouse was added to the National Register of Historic Places. Today, the historic building is home to the Holbrook Chamber of Commerce, a Visitor's Center and the Navajo County Historical Museum.
It is also home to a couple of resident ghosts! The most prominent spirit lurking about this historic building is none other than George Smiley, the one and only man ever hanged at the courthouse. After keeping his date with the noose in 1900, he has been seen wandering about the building and pacing up and down the stairs. Historical Society staff also blames this old ghost on doors that seemingly close of their own according, strange noises heard throughout the building, and objects that are mysteriously moved.
Another entity seen looking out of the windows is a woman that staff identifies as a former prisoner named "Mary." According to the legend, Mary died inside one of the old jail cells while looking out a window and longing for her freedom.
Today, this historic courthouse should be the first stop for Holbrook visitors as friendly staff will gladly provide maps, directions and information about the area. The museum provides information on Navajo County's past which includes ancient pottery, Native American art displays, artifacts of Holbrook's early pioneers and businesses, and a tour through the old county jail. During the summer months, Native American dancers offer free performances weekday evenings at the courthouse.
Inside the 1898 Navajo County Jail in Holbrook. Photo by Jim Hinckley.


One of the things that I want to continue to focus on in 2018 that I did in 2017 is self care. I think I did really well with it in 2017. I focused on myself a little bit more than I normally do. I rested when I needed to and I purchased things that I needed to. I learned to say no on occasion. I need to work on saying no a little more. I also just took a moment to reflect when necessary.
Self care is so important for everyone. I realized that even more this year. Especially learning to say no. I really do need to learn to say no more often. I think everyone should focus on themselves throughout the year. There are many ways to make sure that you focus on yourself this year. Schedule a hair appointment, read a book, write in your journal, and you can even buy yourself something new. You can even make keeping track of your self care fun. If you need some help coming up with some things to do in the self care department check out my printable below. Not only is it ideas for self care but you can even play tic-tac- toe on it. It will allow you to keep track of your own self care.
So let's commit to taking better care of ourselves in 2018. There is no specific way for self care to look. Just do what makes you happy.


text:
Young El Pasoans reflect over Capitol Hill protest, want to set better example for future voters
Aloft Hotel in Downtown El Paso Opens Thursday
by: Andra Litton
Posted: May 21, 2018 / 11:05 PM MDT / Updated: May 21, 2018 / 11:22 PM MDT
The 89-room Aloft Hotel will open for business in the historic O.T. Bassett Tower on Thursday, May 24.
The hotel was part of a major renovation to the aging Bassett Tower located at 303 Texas Avenue. The hotel will house Basico restaurant, which has been a staple of the Coronado Tower for more than six years. In addition to Basico, Aloft will be home of the W XYZ bar.
The hotel features 89 boutique-style rooms with a single king or two double-sized beds.
The hotel is currently taking reservations beginning on May 25 – just in time for Neon Desert Music Festival in Downtown El Paso.
More El Paso News Stories
El Paso reports 15 new virus deaths, 521 new cases
EL PASO, Texas (KTSM) -- COVID-19 hospitalizations in El Paso decreased slightly on Saturday, down to 451 from 458 on Friday.
The City of El Paso Department of Health also reported 15 new virus deaths on Saturday, but those deaths occurred over a period of more than five months.
In-person learning: When El Paso districts head to the classroom
by Shelby Kapp / Jan 15, 2021
EL PASO, Texas (KTSM) -- This coming week some El Paso students will be back in the classroom for the first time since March of 2020.
El Paso Independent School District:
by Susy Castillo / Jan 15, 2021
EL PASO, Texas (KTSM) -- Hollywood awards shows are shortening their formats and delaying their broadcasts, and some movies continue to be streamed on Netflix and other streaming platforms.
Academy Award-winning actor George Clooney produced, directed and starred in the sci-fi film "The Midnight Sky." Critics choice member Felipa Solis joined KTSM 9 News to tell us if this film is an award contender:


We solely reported concerning the Xolo ZX earlier this month, and now the corporate has formally introduced its launch date. Xolo is bringing a brand new mid-range smartphone, Xolo ZX, in India on April 25. The smartphone will go on sale via Amazon India, and is predicted to come back in two storage variants however the first variant launching within the nation will supply 6GB RAM and a gradient end on the again.
Coming to the specs, the Xolo ZX will characteristic a 6.22-inch HD+ notched show with 1520 X 720 pixels decision. Will probably be powered MediaTek's octa-core processor Helio P22 (MT6762) with 650MHz IMG PowerVR GE8320 GPU. Xolo is listed the ZX on Amazon with 6GB of RAM and 128GB of inside storage for now.
On the digital camera entrance, the Xolo ZX will sport a twin digital camera setup on the again. It would encompass a 13-megapixel major sensor with dual-tone LED flash and a 5-megapixel secondary digital camera sensor. On the entrance, the ZX will characteristic a 16-megapixel selfie digital camera with 'AI Studio Mode', which might be included within the notch. There might be Face Unlock safety characteristic together with rear-mounted fingerprint sensor. The Amazon itemizing notes Xolo ZX to unlock in zero.23 seconds via fingerprint sensor and zero.9s for Face Unlock.
The Xolo ZX might be powered by a three,260 mAh battery. It would embrace connectivity options like WiFi 802.11 b/g/n, Bluetooth 5.zero, GPS, three.5mm headphone jack, micro USB charging/ knowledge syncing port and Twin 4G VoLTE.
Xolo is a homegrown smartphone model that started operation in 2012, however misplaced out to Chinese language smartphone makers within the current previous. With the Xolo ZX, the corporate is making an attempt to make one other play within the Indian smartphone market, which stays the quickest rising market worldwide. It'll be fascinating to see the pricing for this smartphone when it launches subsequent Thursday on April 25.


Garage Flooring The Roll On Rock flooring product will transform your dull and dreary concrete floor into a stunning, seamless, masterpiece that will outshine other comparable systems for years. When incorporating the Extreme Gloss Polyurea Topcoat in your finish, rest assured that you are getting the absolute best-looking, clear topcoat available in the country. The Polyurea topcoat has an incredible gloss while providing extreme chemical and abrasion resistance, which is why it will continue to shine when others start to fade.
In 1999, Roll On Rock revolutionized the garage floor coating industry by introducing a 2 Step Flake System when all other systems were 4 or more steps. This was accomplished by creating a proprietary epoxy that wicks deep into the concrete, creating a bond that is 3 times stronger than ordinary epoxy or polyaspartic systems over concrete. In fact, this revolutionary system will withstand at least 8 lbs. of MVE (moisture vapor emission) pressure, while others fail at 3 lbs. Most garage concrete slabs in the Northwest emit water vapor at or around 3 or 4 lbs. of MVE pressure. I want to stress the fact that Roll on Rock seals the floor 3 times greater than ordinary epoxies and polyaspartic floor coatings. Garage floors fail when the base coat can't seal the rising water vapor. Do you want to roll the dice with an ordinary epoxy or polyaspartic or do you want to rest assured that Roll on Rock will seal your garage floor?
Additionally, the clear topcoat will not yellow from sun exposure and most are under 10 VOC (volatile organic compounds), making it safer for the planet's ozone. And when we say the clear topcoat is Hot Tire Resistant, we mean it. It will not yellow, darken, stain or lift from hot tires. You can expect to easily wipe up any tire marks for years to come. When other products say they are Hot Tire Resistant, they mean it won't peel. With Roll on Rock, it's as if your car was never parked in the garage!
New advances in the technology allows Roll On Rock to be installed in 1 day. An additive that can be mixed in decreases the base coat dry time to 3 hours. Now you can get the same 1 day install results of a polyaspartic, but with 3 times better adhesion to bare concrete.
You are walking on the floor in 4-6 hours after the top coat has been applied. Heavy point load items (cars, refrigerator/freezer, workout equipment etc...) need to wait approximately 48 hours before being brought back into the garage as the floor needs to completely cure.
On a day to day basis loose dirt, dust, and other debris can be removed by regular sweeping, mopping and/or vacuuming of the surface. All spills should be cleaned up immediately to prevent a chemical attack and staining in the topcoat sealer. General cleaning of stubborn surface debris can be accomplished using a mild, environmentally safe soap solution in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Harsh detergents, acids, and alkali are not recommended as they can damage the surface.
World class products, installation and service.
We will come to you anywhere in the Seattle area to discuss your project.
Lake Forest Park, Lake Stevens, Lynnwood, Maple Valley, Medina, Mercer Island, Mill Creek, Mountlake Terrace, Mukilteo, Newcastle, Normandy Park, North Bend, Pacific, Puyallup, Redmond, Renton, Sammamish, SeaTac, Seattle, Shoreline, Snohomish, Snoqualmie, Sumner, Tukwila, Woodinville and Woodway. ANY location is possible with a destination charge appropriate to the location.
Website by MIM Marketing In Motion Inc.


text:
OnePlus 8 vs OnePlus 9
Compare phone and tablet specifications of up to three devices at once.
Comparison mode:
Specs Size
Buy from $375
2400 x 1080 pixels, 20:9 ratio, 402 PPI
Refresh rate:
Screen-to-body:
Peak brightness:
1100 cd/m2 (nit)
HDR support, Scratch-resistant glass (Corning Gorilla Glass 5), Ambient light sensor, Proximity sensor
HDR support, Scratch-resistant glass (Corning Gorilla Glass), Ambient light sensor, Proximity sensor
System chip:
Qualcomm Snapdragon 865 SM8250 (7 nm)
Qualcomm Snapdragon 888 (5 nm)
Octa-core, 2840 MHz, Kryo 585, 64-bit
8GB LPDDR4
Internal storage:
128GB (UFS 3.0), not expandable
Device type:
Android (11, 10)
Android (11), OxygenOS UI
Li - Polymer, Not user replaceable
Not user replaceable
Battery life test results:
OnePlus Warp Charge
OnePlus Warp Charge, Qi wireless charging
Max charge speed:
Wired: 30.0W
Wired: 65.0W; Wireless: 15.0W
Rear:
Main camera:
48 MP (OIS, PDAF)
48 MP (PDAF)
Aperture size: F1.8; Focal length: 25 mm; Sensor size: 1/2"; Pixel size: 0.8 μm
Aperture size: F1.8; Focal length: 23 mm; Sensor size: 1/1.4"; Pixel size: 1.12 μm
Second camera:
16 MP (Ultra-wide, PDAF)
50 MP (Ultra-wide)
Aperture size: F2.2; Focal Length: 14 mm
Aperture size: F2.2; Focal Length: 14 mm; Sensor size: 1/1.56"
Third camera:
2 MP (Macro)
2 MP (Black and White)
Aperture size: F2.4; Pixel size: 1.75 μm
Video recording:
3840x2160 (4K UHD) (60 fps), 1920x1080 (Full HD) (240 fps), 1280x720 (HD) (480 fps)
7680x4320 (8K UHD) (30 fps), 3840x2160 (4K UHD) (60 fps), 1920x1080 (Full HD) (240 fps), 1280x720 (HD) (480 fps)
OIS, HDR, Time-lapse video, EIS
HDR, Continuous autofocus, EIS
16 MP (EIS, HDR)
16 MP (EIS)
Video capture:
6.31 x 2.87 x 0.31 inches (160.2 x 72.9 x 8 mm)
6.30 x 2.92 x 0.34 inches (160 x 74.2 x 8.7 mm)
6.35 oz (180.0 g)
Back: Glass (Corning Gorilla Glass 5); Frame: Aluminum
Back: Glass (Corning Gorilla Glass); Frame: Aluminum
Biometrics:
2D Face unlock, In-screen fingerprint
Left: Volume control; Right: Lock/Unlock key
Left: Volume control; Right: Lock/Unlock key, Other
Glacial green
Winter Mist, Arctic Sky, Astral Black
n2, n5, n41, n66, n71, SA, NSA
n1, n2, n3, n5, n7, n8, n20, n25, n28, n38, n40, n41, n48, n66, n71, n77, n78
LTE (FDD):
Bands 1(2100), 2(1900), 3(1800), 4(AWS-1), 5(850), 7(2600), 8(900), 12(700 a), 13(700 c), 17(700 b), 18(800 Lower), 19(800 Upper), 20(800 DD), 25(1900+), 26(850+), 28(700 APT), 29(700 d), 30(2300 WCS), 66(AWS-3), 71(600)
Bands 1(2100), 2(1900), 3(1800), 4(AWS-1), 5(850), 7(2600), 8(900), 12(700 a), 13(700 c), 17(700 b), 18(800 Lower), 19(800 Upper), 20(800 DD), 25(1900+), 26(850+), 28(700 APT), 30(2300 WCS), 32(1500 L-band), 66(AWS-3), 71(600)
LTE (TDD):
Bands 34(2000), 38(2600), 39(1900+), 40(2300), 41(2600+), 46, 48(3600)
Bands 38(2600), 39(1900+), 40(2300), 41(2600+), 46, 48(3600)
UMTS:
Bands 1(2100), 2(1900), 4(1700/2100), 5(850), 6(800), 8(900)
Bands 1(2100), 2(1900), 4(1700/2100), 5(850), 8(900), 9(1700), 19(800)
Data Speed:
LTE-A Pro Cat 18 (1200/150 Mbit/s), HSDPA+ (4G) 42.2 Mbit/s, HSUPA 5.76 Mbit/s
LTE-A Pro Cat 20 (2000/150 Mbit/s), HSDPA+ (4G) 42.2 Mbit/s, HSUPA 5.76 Mbit/s, UMTS
Dual SIM:
SIM type:
No 3.5mm jack
Earpiece, Multiple speakers
Earpiece, Loudspeaker, Multiple speakers
Dolby Atmos, aptX-HD
Screen mirroring:
DLNA, Wireless screen share
Additional microphone(s):
for Noise cancellation
Connectivity & Features
802.11 a, b, g, n, ac, ax (Wi-Fi 6), dual-band; MIMO, Wi-Fi Direct, Hotspot
Type-C (reversible), USB 3.1
Charging, Headphones port, OTG
Charging, Headphones port, Mass storage device
GPS, A-GPS, Glonass, Galileo, Dual-band positioning, Cell ID, Wi-Fi positioning
GPS, A-GPS, Glonass, Galileo, BeiDou, Cell ID, Wi-Fi positioning
Accelerometer, Gyroscope, Compass
Regulatory Approval
FCC approval:
Date approved:
FCC ID value:
2ABZ2-EE103
2ABZ2-EF136
Measured SAR:
Head:
1.01 W/kg
Simultaneous Transmission:
Wireless Router:
User Manual:
This is the official OnePlus 8 User Guide in English provided from the manufacturer.
Warp Charge 30 Power Adapter, Warp Type-C Cable (Support USB 2.0), Quick Start Guide, Welcome Letter, Safety Information and Warranty Card, LOGO Sticker, Screen Protector, SIM Tray Ejector
Warp Charge 65 Power Adapter, Warp Charge Type-C to Type-C Cable, Quick Start Guide, Welcome Letter, Safety Information and Warranty Card, OnePlus Sticker, SIM Tray Ejector
Officially announced:


IT professionals with general IT knowledge, who are looking to gain knowledge about Windows Server, especially around storage and compute technologies in Windows Server 2016. The secondary audience for this course are IT professionals looking to take the Microsoft 70-740 certification exam, Installation, Storage and Compute with Windows Server 2016.
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Everybody has an inner feeling: what does success mean for me. If the inner truth of being a success is blocked, health and happiness gets destroyed easily. This format of communication and balance techniques easily adresses the core of the issue, it builts up a new state of mind and health and strenghtens the person in his/her whole life.
"Not success is the key to happiness, but happiness is the key to success. If you like to do what you do, you will be successful. "
The world is talking about success. Parents like to tell, that their children are successful. Ms X or Mr. Y is very successful, it says in conversations. To be successful seems to be a very important feature.
But what is it truly - SUCCESS?
The Google search engine on the Internet shows 1,180,000,000 on this topic - 5 July 2017 So there seems to be a very great need for success. While working on the subject, also triggered by my own kinesiology practice and the training courses, I kept looking for sources that try to define success at the different levels. The range stretches from the so-called "money guards" to spiritual sources. In general, success has either been confined to health or money-earning.
It is only in recent publications that the personality is included and the whole environment, e.g. Stefan Merath, business consultant. The Viennese psychiatrist and neurologist Victor E. Frankl laid the foundations already in the nineties, on which today many branches rely on, also in the kinesiology . "We fulfill our existence with meaning by realizing values." Talking about the issue of success we can not avoid the conscious formulation of our values.
Is there only one path to success?
To take care of certain things continuously, e.g. Securing the future, financial prudence, where am I now? Body, health, friendships etc.
To recognize the importance of the inner attitude and to be aware of my concrete attitude. What do I really want?
The more I know myself, the more accurate my personal definition of success becomes. The goal of The Dynamics of Success is to really come to an individual guide of success and live it.
Positive changes happen unfortunately not always automatically.
You need to find a way to travel the road of changes. Here, kinesiology is a still underestimated resource.
Every muscle test becomes part of The Dynamics of Success. His only goal is to teach and realize the "getting better" by communicating with the body's intelligence. This also includes looking at his apparent "failures". For failures are nothing more than steps along the way. Or as Lama Ole Nydahl puts it: the steps along the way are not enlightenment itself. But without going, one does not reach the goal.
To connect the spiritual and the material side of success while travel on this road, is personally important to me. For the narrowing of man to the material or to the spiritual contradicts the potential that every human being can unfold in his life.
Write three sentences, which success means for you. Change them until they are really resonating for you. This can take several days, allow youself to change the sentences again and again. Notice how the sentences influences your life.
Test the sentences with the kinesiological muscle test, balance stressors with the techniques you know and test again. Change the sentences if necessary.
We people love to play victim, unfortunately!
There are many sentences in everyday life that we would not immediately reveal as "sacrificial" ... My parents have not let me attend school, so I am what I am today ... ... There was too much traffic, so I'm too late ... ... The neighbor's fault is that I'm so bad ... Caution! There is another aspect: If you are angry about what another person has done, you take the poison that the other person has spat, you should not! Let it go, you should not hang in.
Let it go, you should not hang in. Take a positive inner attitude (compassion!) and let the negative pass.
Tapthe points that turn off on both sides while the person being tested says aloud: My heart is filled with love and forgiveness.
Close the balance by re-testing the topics under 1.
Have your feelings changed? How are you doing now? Feel free to share your experience.
Further background and balances are adressed during the lecture at the International Kinesiology Conference in Kirchzarten 2017.
Celebrate your new freedom and success!


text:
Immortality and Chaos (Epic fantasy series)
Chaos and Retribution (Epic fantasy series)
The Dragon Queen of Chaos
Lone Wolf Howls series
Watching the End of the World – Chapter 19
by erictknight | Feb 17, 2016 | action and adventure, action thriller, creative writing, drama, fiction, novels, post apocalypse, reality TV, serial fiction, suspense, thriller, versimilitude, writing | 1 comment
Nate climbed out onto the roof and realized he'd forgotten to bring his rifle. It was still down in the warehouse, leaning against a crate.
"It's about time," Tony said. "I thought you weren't going to show."
"Yeah…I got delayed."
"Some new drama come up?"
Nate considered this. "You could say that."
"Well, don't tell me. I don't want to know. I just want to go down and crawl into bed and pass out for about forty hours." He started for the trap door.
"Can I borrow your rifle?"
Want the whole book? You can even name your own price!
"Where's yours?"
"I forgot it in the warehouse. I don't really feel like going back to get it." Were Tamara and Caleb in the back now? Did she have those long legs wrapped around him? Nate's palms felt sweaty.
Tony handed his rifle over.
"Don't tell Akila."
"Don't worry about it. She scares me." Tony stopped when he was halfway through the trap door. "I think I heard a lion."
Nate thought of the big tree he'd seen growing up right next to the back of the warehouse. "They don't climb trees do they?"
"How should I know? I guess so. They're cats."
He left and Nate was alone. In the dark. With lions. He wondered how many bullets it would take to stop a lion. How many rounds had Akila put in the clip? Was it five? He moved as far from the dark bulk of the tree as he could and sat down facing it, the rifle on his lap, pointing toward the tree, his finger on the safety.
Jenna woke him up a couple hours later, shining the light on her smartphone in his eyes. "You're a terrible sentry," she said.
"There's lions," was his excuse, as if that somehow made sense.
"You saw a lion?"
"No. But I heard one last night. And Tony said he heard one tonight. What are you doing up here? Didn't you already do a watch today?"
"Santiago's too drunk to stand. Jordynn had to help him to bed. And Caleb and Tamara are in one of the rooms fucking like there's no tomorrow." She sighed. "What the hell. There probably isn't."
It was hard to stand up. He'd gotten stiff, lying there. "How's Omisha doing?" She and Jenna were sharing a room.
"She's pretty messed up."
"Aren't we all?"
"True enough. Half the time I have to bite my lip just to keep from screaming."
That surprised Nate. Jenna seemed the most solid of any of them, maybe even more than Akila. "I don't really blame those guys for getting drunk," Nate said. "I wish I was more of a drinker."
"I don't blame them for drinking either. I mean, when the end of the world comes, what else can you do but drink?"
"I blame them because watching them makes me want to drink and I can't let that happen. I won't give that bastard the satisfaction."
"What bastard? Who are you talking about?"
"My father. He drank all the time. Who could blame him? His life was shit. He spent most of his life in Russia where drinking is more than a national pastime. When I was a kid I used to beg him to stop. One day – while he was drunk of course – he laughed at me and said I'd be a drunk just like him. I'd grow up and see what a pile of shit the world was and I'd do the only logical thing there was to do. I swore right then I'd never drink. That asshole is probably dead in a gutter somewhere, but on the off chance he's still alive I'm going to make damned sure I never give him the chance to say I told you so."
"Oh," Nate said. He didn't know what else to say. "Over at the back of the warehouse is a big tree. Be careful a lion doesn't climb up it while you're not watching."
"Good advice. I'll keep it in mind."
Click here for the next chapter.
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Betty	on May 15, 2017 at 6:00 am
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Watching the End of the World – Chapter 18 – ericTknight - […] Watching the End of the World – Chapter 19 […]
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In addition to standardised solutions, we also manufacture bespoke houses.
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text:
Staphylococcus aureus sortase mutants defective in the display of surface proteins and in the pathogenesis of animal infections
Mazmanian, Sarkis K. and Liu, Gwen and Jensen, Eric R. and Lenoy, Eileen and Schneewind, Olaf (2000) Staphylococcus aureus sortase mutants defective in the display of surface proteins and in the pathogenesis of animal infections. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 97 (10). pp. 5510-5515. ISSN 0027-8424. PMCID PMC25859. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:MAZpnas00
Use this Persistent URL to link to this item: http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:MAZpnas00
Many Gram-positive bacteria covalently tether their surface adhesins to the cell wall peptidoglycan. We find that surface proteins of Staphylococcus aureus are linked to the cell wall by sortase, an enzyme that cleaves polypeptides at a conserved LPXTG motif. S. aureus mutants lacking sortase fail to process and display surface proteins and are defective in the establishment of infections. Thus, the cell wall envelope of Gram-positive bacteria represents a surface organelle responsible for interactions with the host environment during the pathogenesis of bacterial infections.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC25859/ PubMed Central Article
Mazmanian, Sarkis K. 0000-0003-2713-1513
Copyright © 2000 by the National Academy of Sciences Edited by John J. Mekalanos, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, and approved February 24, 2000 (received for review December 1, 1999). Published online before print April 18, 2000, 10.1073/pnas.080520697 We thank C. Draper, T. Foster, J. Lee, and W. Navarre for materials. S.K.M. is supported by the Predoctoral Training Program in Genetics (T32GM07104) and E.R.J. by the Tumor Immunology Training Grant (T32CA009120). Work in the laboratory of O.S. is supported by Grant AI33987 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Infectious Disease Branch. This paper was submitted directly (Track II) to the PNAS office. The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact.
NIH Predoctoral Fellowship T32GM07104
NIH Predoctoral Fellowship T32CA009120
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases AI33987
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PubMed Central ID:
PMC25859
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From the National Business Book Award-winning author of Stupid to the Last Drop, a captivating polemic on the global failure to deal with climate change.
Kyoto, 1997. Montreal, 2005. Copenhagen, 2009. Cancun, 2010. In Fools Rule, Marsden illustrates how inefficient and short-sighted political negotiations have become despite mounting scientific evidence that immediate action is essential to curb the effects of climate change. International climate change summits are now widely monitored events, attended by state leaders and crowded with journalists; yet somehow they have never been less productive. Treaties and action plans are smothered by economic self-interest, diplomatic errors and every nation's hungry scramble for its share of the remaining atmospheric space.
Marsden takes us from inside the bungled negotiations at Copenhagen to the melting glaciers and untapped oil reserves of the Arctic; he shows us the paralyzing effect oil and gas companies have on green legal initiatives in the United States, and therefore on any international climate change treaty; and, with wit and penetrating insight, he asks the toughest question - will we be able to change before it's too late?


text:
Q: How can I access document.cookie from inside a Web Worker? Since Web Workers can't access the document object, how can I access cookies in a worker script?
Background
I am working with Django and I need to pass the CSRF token in an AJAX post. The standard way of doing this is to get the token from document.cookie and pass it as a header:
xhr.setRequestHeader('X-CSRFToken', readCookie('csrftoken'));

(source)
Web workers support XMLHttpRequest and it seems that they send the cookie to the server,  but I can't find a way to get the cookie in the script itself.

A: Before xhr.setRequestHeader('X-CSRFToken', readCookie('csrftoken')); creates a varible to store the cookie like this:
ck = readCookie('csrftoken');`Removing "var" variable "ck" becomes global. This way you can access it from outside the Web Worker.`
xhr.setRequestHeader('X-CSRFToken', ck);

In ck you have the cookie.

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Welcome to my website. Presumably, you're here because you want to learn more about me. If that's the case, my bio is probably a good place to start.
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On today's episode, we're on the road connecting with Bryant Ambelang, President and CEO of NatureSweet, the largest greenhouse producer of tomatoes in North America. Currently, NatureSweet has over 8,000 associates and operates seven facilities—six in Mexico and one in the U.S. NatureSweet products are distributed in major grocery stores in all 50 states and across Mexico and Canada. Their headquarters are in the San Antonio. We had the chance to hear about the incredible things God's doing to unleash people through Naturesweet.


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Using one or a combination of the frameworks discussed in this section the counsellor will work with 'the couple'. In addition to the relationship with the therapist an important aspect of the work will be the relational dynamics of the couple. Some couple counsellors focus on the relationship within the room and others set tasks to be completed between sessions.


by John Stanley Gillespie. London: Ashgate, 2006. 362pp. Hardback. $124.95/£65.00. ISBN: 9780754647041.
Reviewed by Iwan Davies, School of Law, Swansea University, Wales, UK. Email: I.R.Davies [at] swansea.ac.uk.
Legal transplantation was adopted in Vietnam as an aspect of state law-making. Legislative drafters interpreted and co-opted imported legal ideas to achieve strategic objectives. Gillespie's [*905] case studies are particularly illuminating in this regard. They show that imported commercial rights were negotiated in three-way contests between elite level officials, local level officials and businesses. The discourse was not limited to the drafting process but was also expressed in courtroom disputes between party, state and private interests. Over time, it appears that imported legal ideas, particularly those advocating commercial rights, have provided the frame of reference for implementing the law in Vietnam. Increasingly, legal transplantation now takes place between like-minded groups in Vietnam, and there is an increasing tendency for imported laws to reflect the interests of powerful pressure groups, leaving politically unconnected entrepreneurs to self-regulate. State laws under autocratic legislation assume importance within Vietnam when domestic entrepreneurs seek state privileges, such as access to international markets or tenders.
© Copyright 2007 by the author, Iwan Davies.


Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt is an American TV series produced by Netflix.
You may remember when the internet was abuzz with the story of Amanda Tromp and her husky, Kyro. Amanda had taken in a whole litter of husky pups and gave them all away, except for Kyro, whom she'd grown attached to and had finally adopted.
This is the voice of Hannah Baker, an unremarkable, "normal" young girl. She was a happy teenager; she had friends, hobbies, and parents she loved and who loved her.


text:
Го́тфрид Ко́льдиц (Готтфрид Кольдитц (; 1922—1982) — немецкий (ГДР) кинорежиссёр и сценарист.

Биография
Родился в небогатой семье наёмного сельскохозяйственного рабочего. В 1945—1949 годах изучал германскую филологию в Лейпцигском университете, одновременно в 1947—1949 годах в Лейпцигской высшей школе музыки и театра проходил курс режиссуры и актёрского мастерства. С начала 1950-х работал актёром и режиссёром в различных театрах восточной Германии.

С 1955 года активно сотрудничает со студией ДЕФА (, Deutsche Film-Aktiengesellschaft), где снимает фильмы различных жанров: сказки («Госпожа Метелица» по одноимённому сюжету братьев Гримм), приключенческое кино, научную фантастику («Сигналы» и «В пыли звёзд» по сюжетам, сходным с Космической одиссеей 2001 года). Пишет сценарии не только для своих картин, но и для других режиссёров. Получил широкую известность как режиссёр цикла вестренов на индейскую тематику студии ДЕФА с актёром Гойко Митичем: «След Сокола», «Апачи», «Ульзана».

Скончался в 1982 году в Хорватии при подготовке к съёмкам нового фильма по собственному сценарию «Вождь Белое Перо», который позже завершил другой режиссёр.

Его сын — Стефан Кольдиц (род. 1956) — успешный писатель и драматург.

Избранная фильмография

Примечания

Похороненные на Французском кладбище Берлина

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Cressier is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Neuchâtel.

History
Cressier is first mentioned in 1180 as Crisciaco.

Geography

Cressier has an area, , of .  Of this area,  or 28.1% is used for agricultural purposes, while  or 54.6% is forested.   Of the rest of the land,  or 16.0% is settled (buildings or roads),  or 1.2% is either rivers or lakes and  or 0.7% is unproductive land.

Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 7.0% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 4.0% and transportation infrastructure made up 4.1%.  Out of the forested land, 53.5% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.2% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees.  Of the agricultural land, 14.2% is used for growing crops and 7.6% is pastures, while 6.3% is used for orchards or vine crops.  All the water in the municipality is flowing water.

The municipality was located in the Neuchâtel district until the district level was eliminated on 1 January 2018. It is at the foot of the Jura Mountains and near the, flood-prone, Thielle river.  It consists of the village of Cressier and the hamlet of Frochaux.

Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Per fess, Or on a pale Gules three Chevrons Argent and Azure a Letter C Argent.

Demographics
Cressier has a population () of .  , 28.1% of the population are resident foreign nationals.  Over the last 10 years (2000–2010) the population has changed at a rate of 3.4%.  It has changed at a rate of 0.4% due to migration and at a rate of 3.6% due to births and deaths.

Most of the population () speaks French (1,537 or 79.9%) as their first language, Italian is the second most common (105 or 5.5%) and German is the third (99 or 5.1%).  There are 2 people who speak Romansh.

, the population was 50.3% male and 49.7% female.  The population was made up of 676 Swiss men (35.6% of the population) and 279 (14.7%) non-Swiss men.  There were 724 Swiss women (38.1%) and 219 (11.5%) non-Swiss women.  Of the population in the municipality, 489 or about 25.4% were born in Cressier and lived there in 2000.  There were 467 or 24.3% who were born in the same canton, while 390 or 20.3% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 512 or 26.6% were born outside of Switzerland.

, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 26.3% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 59.9% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 13.8%.

, there were 790 people who were single and never married in the municipality.  There were 943 married individuals, 110 widows or widowers and 80 individuals who are divorced.

, there were 699 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.6 persons per household.  There were 178 households that consist of only one person and 52 households with five or more people.  , a total of 689 apartments (92.0% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 38 apartments (5.1%) were seasonally occupied and 22 apartments (2.9%) were empty.  , the construction rate of new housing units was 1 new units per 1000 residents.  The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0.12%.

The historical population is given in the following chart:

Heritage sites of national significance
The Former Church of St-Martin and Jeanjaquet Castle and the collection of neolithic and Roman sites at the Ensemble de la Vieille Thielle are listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance.  The entire village of Cressier is part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites.

Politics
In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SP which received 26.22% of the vote.  The next three most popular parties were the FDP (22.2%), the SVP (17.07%) and the LPS Party (11.86%).  In the federal election, a total of 505 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 48.9%.

Economy
, Cressier had an unemployment rate of 5%.  , there were 33 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 11 businesses involved in this sector.  750 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 14 businesses in this sector.  303 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 37 businesses in this sector.  There were 987 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 42.6% of the workforce.

 the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 983.  The number of jobs in the primary sector was 27, all of which were in agriculture.  The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 704 of which 636 or (90.3%) were in manufacturing and 68 (9.7%) were in construction.  The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 252.  In the tertiary sector; 99 or 39.3% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 6 or 2.4% were in the movement and storage of goods, 13 or 5.2% were in a hotel or restaurant, 1 was in the information industry, 6 or 2.4% were technical professionals or scientists, 11 or 4.4% were in education and 100 or 39.7% were in health care.

, there were 685 workers who commuted into the municipality and 604 workers who commuted away.  The municipality is a net importer of workers, with about 1.1 workers entering the municipality for every one leaving.  Of the working population, 10% used public transportation to get to work, and 60.6% used a private car.

Religion
From the , 895 or 46.5% were Roman Catholic, while 501 or 26.1% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church.  Of the rest of the population, there were 9 members of an Orthodox church (or about 0.47% of the population), there was 1 individual who belongs to the Christian Catholic Church, and there were 80 individuals (or about 4.16% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church.  There were 39 (or about 2.03% of the population) who were Islamic.  There were 2 individuals who were Hindu and 1 individual who belonged to another church.  343 (or about 17.84% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 89 individuals (or about 4.63% of the population) did not answer the question.

Education
In Cressier about 659 or (34.3%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 189 or (9.8%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).  Of the 189 who completed tertiary schooling, 55.6% were Swiss men, 24.9% were Swiss women, 12.7% were non-Swiss men and 6.9% were non-Swiss women.

In the canton of Neuchâtel most municipalities provide two years of non-mandatory kindergarten, followed by five years of mandatory primary education.  The next four years of mandatory secondary education is provided at thirteen larger secondary schools, which many students travel out of their home municipality to attend.  During the 2010-11 school year, there were 2.5 kindergarten classes with a total of 44 students in Cressier.  In the same year, there were 7 primary classes with a total of 122 students.

, there were 18 students in Cressier who came from another municipality, while 150 residents attended schools outside the municipality.

References

External links

Municipalities of the canton of Neuchâtel
Cultural property of national significance in the canton of Neuchâtel