English is the most commonly spoken language in the world today. The English language is spoken by every second person globally. Every school has introduced English as a second language in their syllabus to helps students to communication and relate to their studies and to their teachers and other surrounding people, colleagues and family. Learning English has become an important agenda in every person's life, as they want to learn the English language to help them in their Communication, Writing, Speaking, Reading & Listening skills. English is the only language which has set the standard & is spoken globally.
English is the second largest language in terms of both native speakers and those who use it as a second language. English is the next popular language when it comes to Business, Travel & Communication, Overseas Education, Migration to other countries, Government Assembly , Lawyers, Government Courts, Educational Institutions like Schools /Colleges /Universities, Government and private offices etc. all use English as their official language.
English –"The most loved and accepted lingua franca" today! Having strong language skills are an asset that will promote a lifetime of effective communication. The 4 skills in the English language are Listening, Speaking Reading& Writing. The English language is a part of our daily lifestyle, and it's hard to imagine a society without English communication.
Learn to accept your mistakes & learn from your mistakes that are the best way you can master it.
Listen to a conversation before you give a reply.
Listen carefully to the question which is being asked, because the answer is in the question.
Read the News Paper daily.
Use the Mirror as your friend & ask yourself questions & give answers.
The main purpose of studying the English Language by every person in society today is because it helps people to relate to a particular subject, express a feeling, ideas & views about life etc.
Early learning of the English language skills for a child /children is very important, because it helps a child /children to relate to a particular subject or express a feeling or relate to a particular message they are trying to convey to someone. If the child does not have the basic communication skills, they can face many difficulties in trying to relate or communicate or express themselves in the proper manner, hence they may end up spending or giving the wrong message to people. Developing language skills in a child is important at an early age as it helps them to exchange information in a more meaningful way.
The English language is a part of our lifestyle and undoubtedly plays an important role in society. English is also used for social media purpose, Government legislative, Government Courts by Lawyers, Educational Institutions like Schools/Colleges/Universities &it is mainly used for linguistic communication across the globe. Most people in our society are taking special English Language classes to improve their language skills to Work Abroad or in India/ Migration to other countries & Students takes specials language skills like IELTS /TOEFL /PTE /GRE /GMAT etc. to Study Abroad or Work overseas or in their own country.
The Importance Of English: The importance of learning the English Language. English is incredibly important for a whole range of reasons! Whether you plan to conduct business internationally, develop a career in the technology, science or arts industries, Work or Study Abroad /Migrate to other countries or simply want to make friends all over the world, and communicate with different nationalities across the globe, then the English skills will be an incredibly beneficial asset!
Studying Literature exposes the people and students to the traditions & cultures of different countries in the form of literature. When a person study's the English literature, they experience the enjoyment and appreciation of Literature which gives a person the ability to develop his or her interest in books and reading, which will help them in their studies and in their adult lives. This will give a person the confidence to approach and tackle new forms of books and writing, since they were exposed to a range of literature during their school days.
Adults & students can learn not only language aspects such as vocabulary items but also that language can be used for specific and aesthetic purposes. It also helps a person to use new concepts, ideas and creativity, and gives them a fresh creative angle with which to approach their lives & studies in general.
The study of English Literature can help to add a refreshing title of an expert user of English in IELTS, PTE, etc and further dimensions to a person's life.


Robin Laws talks about "RPG Scenario Pro Tip: Triumphing Over Will". He talks about how to punch up your adventure writing (and writing in general) by removing some words you're probably using. When Robin talks about language or design, you'd do well to listen.
Brad Murray on "Robots and Role-play". He goes into some detail about taking ideas from the Mythic GM Emulator (which I was previously unaware of) and automated question-answering to an online process. It's Brad, so of course it's interesting from both an engineering standpoint and from a human psychology standpoint.
Josh Roby muses on why "Steampunk is not a Genre". This is relevant to me because of the steampunk game we're working on together, Atlantis Risen, but it's also got some things to say in general about the difference between genre, theme, motifs, etc.–as well as understanding how to produce what you're working to emulate.
Thanks for the mention, Ryan. Also the link to Josh Roby's work — I was sort of peripherally interested in the twitterburst you folks had on the subject but was unable to participate usefully.


text:
More Women Must Be Included in Academia and in Clinical Trials, Panelists Demand
Presentations on women in research at this year's Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections highlighted the lack of inclusion, offered ideas on how to remedy the situation, and showed how one woman moved from advocate to researcher.
What Do Transgender Women Want? Lessons Learned by Listening
Though deeply impacted by the virus, HIV may not be the first concern for transgender women.
New HIV Rate Similar Above and Below Age 45 in 86,836-Person U.S. Study
In the years 2011-2013 people 45 or older acquired HIV infection at a frequency similar to that of younger people in New York City, San Francisco, and North Carolina.
Thank You, Paul Kawata: Reflections on USCA and Being a Gay Man of a Certain Age
At 53 years old, Richard Wolitski, Ph.D., admits it can be challenging to be "embracing and celebrating myself while my body (and sometimes my mind) shows signs of wear and more than 20 years of living with HIV."
By Richard Wolitski, Ph.D. for HIV.gov
The Lotus in Spite of the Swamp
"In spite of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, everyone in this fight can rise," Jourdan Barnes writes. "In spite of not being represented in the world, we can join together to form a union that will be as loud as loud can be."
By Jourdan Barnes for The Black AIDS Institute
My Journey Through Health Care and HIV as a Black American
For George M. Johnson, a recent panel discussion was the culmination of his tri-fold existence -- as a human, a worker and an activist -- where he could share the totality of his experience as a black man living with HIV.
By George M. Johnson
DACA, Immigrant Rights and the 'Larger Compassion' of the HIV Community
"I remember when it was illegal to be a practicing homosexual," recalled Richard Zaldivar at the 2017 USCA. "DACA is not an immigrant issue. DACA and the Dreamers are an American issue. Just like gay rights, just like the battle for HIV and AIDS."...
USCA Plenary Halted by Trans Activists
Five trans protesters disrupted a plenary session at the U.S. Conference on AIDS to share their deeply personal stories about fighting for acceptance within the HIV community.
By Mark S. King for MyFabulousDisease.com
What Are the Common HIV Transmission Pathways Among Trans Women?
Many trans women living with HIV may contract the virus because they or their sexual partners are intravenous drug users (IDU), finds a new study.
IAS and WHO Identify the Most Critical Research Needs for Infants, Children and Adolescents Living With HIV
The most pressing gaps in research needed to improve outcomes for children and adolescents living with HIV are highlighted in the first global priority research agendas on paediatric and adolescent HIV.
By World Health Organization

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Don't we all appreciate the little things in life that make our days go smoother?
Here's a whole page of useful items for you to make use of.
Why do LED lamps not work on my trailer?
Why do I get inside tyre wear on my trailer?


What do you need to ask for to receive what you've been asking for. Say what?
On our recent show "The Impossible Asks" I got people fired about about asking big questions.
After asking some big questions of my own I had this very strong awareness that there was something I wasn't asking for..
And..: then it hit me; everything we ask for is asking us to be something we haven't been willing to be.
So…. why not get help with that from this wise old universe??
And learn what you need to be asking for so what your asking for can be materialized.
Isn't it just fun to play with the universe?


The unlikely offer came from a woman inside a blazing red truck parked on a street corner in Phnom Penh.
Though Cambodia is no stranger to street vendors peddling noodles, soups or snails from carts, a fleet of food trucks that have rolled onto the scene over the past few months are bringing an international flair to the street food scene in Phnom Penh.
Annabella's Hot Tacos, one of the most recent startups, aims to bring the taste of the southwest U.S. to the streets of Boeng Keng Kang.
"This is the food that I grew up with," said Annabella's Hot Tacos proprietor Justin Landis, a Californian who spent seven sun-seared years in New Mexico. "We actually import all of our red and green chilies from Albuquerque, New Mexico. So it's a very regional flavor," he said.
The tacos are made and served out of an old South Korean ambulance, which Mr. Landis got with the help of a local vehicle importer.
With economic growth yielding more disposable income for Phnom Penh urbanites, entrepreneurs like Mr. Landis are tapping into a growing niche market for upmarket street food.
"I think there's a huge gap there to be filled. Street food has always existed here, but the quality that we're producing…just doesn't exist," Mr. Landis said.
Annabella's Hot Tacos mainly caters to the expatriate community, as a large tub of hand sanitizer betrays. It sells tacos filled with slow-roasted meats like chicken or pork, plus breakfast burritos stuffed with eggs, chorizo, potatoes and cheese.
Meanwhile, other food trucks focus on a different set of customers.
Bong Churro, a cart parked on Street 63, began selling the sugary fried dough popular in Spain and Latin America in June.
The cart's customers are both expatriates and upper-class Cambodians, according to founder Galeno Chua.
"The demographic that swings by isn't on motorbikes, they're in cars. I've had Rolls Royces pull up, I've had Lexuses pull up," he said.
Mr. Chua chose churros after noting a potential demand for the snack among locals. Hearing complaints that chocolate melts too quickly in the heat here, Chua thought of liquid chocolate.
Though churros are more a staple on Spanish streets than Cambodian alleys, Mr. Chua says his local clientele is growing. He even claims Bong Churro has delivered to Prime Minister Hun Sen's mansion.
"We delivered 50 churros and I didn't know who it was to," he said. The person who made the delivery, however, returned dejected.
"That was an upsetting day, I'll tell you," Mr. Chua said.
One of the capital's longest-standing international food carts belongs to Frenchman Philippe Dounaevsky, who has been serving crepes from a camping stove on top of a foldable table attached to his motorbike for more than two years.
"I was walking on the street in Phnom Penh, thinking about [it] and, after, I get the idea: pancake, why not?" said Mr. Dounaevsky, who arrived in the city in 2011.
He now uses his mother's recipe, adjusted for ingredients in Cambodia.
"The first two years, it was hard, very hard, only a few pancakes [sold] a day," he said. But he's figured out a system: constantly moving between high schools and universities, plus an afternoon shift in front of the Institut Francais. Like Mr. Chua, Mr. Dounaevsky was surprised to find that his customers are almost entirely Cambodian.
Even brick-and-mortar establishments are now taking it to the street, hoping to cash in on the burgeoning local market.
Bubbles, a popular tea and ice cream parlor in the Tuol Sleng neighborhood, is going mobile. The shop just launched a crowdfunding campaign to finance its first cart, manager Mervin Chin said.
Like Bong Churro, Bubbles is targeting a clientele of Cambodians, not just expatriates.
"I want to have that sort of high-end feel, but with low-end prices," Chin said.
"Status is so big here," he said. "What I'm trying to do is kind of counterculture against that." His aim, he said, is to make bubble tea accessible to more customers by hitting the street.
For that, the team had to do a lot of research.
But beyond research, Mr. Chin—like Mr. Landis and Mr. Chua—is now learning to deal with the specific challenges of selling from the street.
"The obvious advantage is not being anchored to one location. The biggest challenge is not being anchored to one location," Mr. Landis said.
To operate on the city's streets and sidewalks, the vendors must navigate a murky maze of deal brokering.
"We seek permission from the local [proprietors]…or local authorities to be in the sangkats [communes]," Mr. Landis said.
The informal system also lends itself to unofficial payments.
"Of course you get the odd knock with the police," Mr. Chua said. "If you pay the higher up guys, then the lower ones don't bother you at all. But you pay a bit more," he said, adding that each typical run-in with local police might cost him about 1,000 riel ($0.25).
Despite those hurdles, the promise of higher sales on the streets keeps the trucks rolling.
"There will be more sales on a cart, absolutely," Chin said.
As the trucks rumble on, Mr. Landis is also eyeing expansion.
"There's not a whole lot of selection of old Korean ambulances sitting around Cambodia, though," he said.


For many students, science can be a difficult subject to master in school, especially when it comes to homework assignments. If you're struggling, keep reading to learn some tips to help you successfully complete your 7th grade science homework.
With all the difficult terms and concepts your teacher will be presenting in class, it's highly important that you pay attention. Like other subjects, in science much of the content you learn builds on previous lessons and failing to pay attention can cause you to fall behind and become confused. If that happens, you'll find it extremely difficult to successfully complete your homework assignments. Therefore, make sure you're focused in class. To accomplish this, you may need to take notes or request a seating change.
Due to the nature of the lessons in science classes, a good part of the class involves hands-on experimentation. This is usually accomplished through working in groups with other students. In addition, a lot of science teachers like to have interactive lessons and assign classroom projects. You'll do better in science overall and be more prepared for your homework assignments if you actively participate in these exercises.
Since science can be a challenging subject, make sure you ask questions when you don't understand something. As stated earlier, if you don't understand the foundational material, you'll struggle to complete homework assignments properly. So, don't hesitate to ask for clarity or help. If you don't want to ask in front of the class, visit your teacher in the morning before school starts or speak with him or her after school.
One component of science that causes many students to struggle is the vocabulary. Many students fail tests or homework assignments because they don't understand the scientific words in the texts or questions they read. Therefore, it's important that you spend extra time learning these challenging terms. One way you can practice vocabulary is to create flash cards. As you get stronger in your vocabulary knowledge, you'll tend to do better on your science homework assignments.


text:
5352 Health Camp Rd Homer NY 13077 US
Open 24/7(857) 400-8787Get DirectionsWebsite
The age of solar has arrived. With prices falling by 80% in less than a decade, solar power is now within reach of every American household. Here's the problem: 90 million American households are currently locked out of the solar marketplace. Maybe it's because they rent their homes. Or other solar companies are not willing to sell to them. Or simply because their roof is in the shade or is not well-suited to a solar array. Our mission is to unlock the possibility of solar power for these households. With the help of transformative policies taking root in the United States, we are now in a position to do so. It's called "community solar." What it means is that a household can buy solar power without having an array installed on its roof. Here's what we noticed: in communities all across the country, there are extraordinary organizations -- from the church down the street to the college campus across town -- that are embracing clean energy and want to bring it to their constituents. There are also households that want to go solar but do not have an easy way to do so. Finally, there are solar companies eager to find more customers. Our goal as Solstice is to use community solar to help these groups meet one another. When we do, everybody wins: those who cannot currently access solar are brought into the market, more solar is deployed, and everyone saves on their electricity bills. We're glad to have you along for the journey.
Solar energy company.


text:
The Shrine of Saint Therese of Lisieux
Our Lady of Mount Carmel Church was founded in 1905 in Little Italy, Nesquehoning, PA. In 1918, the Most Reverend Dennis J. Dougherty, Archbishop of Philadelphia, acquired four lots from the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company along Garibaldi Avenue for $1.00 "for church purposes only." This became the site of Our Lady of Mount Carmel Church in New Columbus. The church was relocated from Little Italy and rebuilt at the corner of Garibaldi and Venice Avenues. The latter was renamed Angelini Avenue (1988) in honor of Monsignor Angnello J. Angelini.
Monsignor Angelini and the Our Lady of Mount Carmel Church
Father Angnello J. Angelini was born in Caivano, Italy, in the Diocese of Aversa on October 18th, 1899, and came to America at the age of 5 years with his mother Teresa and his sisters. He arrived in Roseto, PA, on Sunday, November 6, 1904.
Father Angelini received his formal education in the Roseto and Bangor, PA schools, graduating from the Bangor High School on May 31st, 1918. He entered the Seminary of St. Charles Borromeo, Overbrook, Philadelphia in September, 1918, and was ordained in the Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul in Philadelphia, PA, by the Most Reverend Bishop Thomas J. Shahan on June 6, 1925.
On September 12, 1932, Father Angelini became the pastor of Our Lady of Mount Carmel Church in New Columbus. In 1950, the new Italian Church was built along Garibaldi Avenue under Father Angelini's ministry. He also oversaw rebuilding of the rectory in 1967.
The parish rejoiced with the appointment by Pope Paul VI on May 11, 1964, when Father Angelini was elevated to the rank of Domestic Prelate, and now had the title conferred on him of Rev. Monsignor Agnello J. Angelini. The parishioners were very proud of the many accomplishments their pastor successfully completed for the church and the Diocese. Monsignor Angelini had the honor of celebrating a Mass with Pope John Paul II as the Allentown Diocese's representative when the pontiff was in Philadelphia in 1979. He was a man of great vitality, intellect, rhetorical ability and he possessed a dynamic personality. He was in constant demand as a speaker throughout the Panther Valley and surrounding counties for all occasions and by all organizations. His humanitarian efforts earned him many awards including the prestigious State of Pennsylvania American Legion Award.
The love and respect that Monsignor Angelini had for military service personal was demonstrated throughout his lifetime of service to the community of Nesquehoning. He was honored at his funeral in 1987 with a military honor guard.
Many military service men and women departing for World War II, Korea, and Vietnam have fond memories of a dedicated, loving priest at the train station in Jim Thorpe blessing them and praying for their safe return. Monsignor Angelini saw brave men and women leaving to serve their country rather than Catholics, Protestants or any other religious denominations. He gave each one his blessings and a religious medal and scapular to carry with them overseas. To this day many of these medals are still carried by veterans or their surviving family members.
When the bell tolled on May 16, 1987, announcing Monsignor Angelini's death, the Panther Valley was hushed in silence and respect for the dynamic, forceful, congenial, simpatico priest whose numerous trips to area hospitals and the prison in Jim Thorpe may have ceased but will never be forgotten by those patients and inmates that he visited. His memory lingers on, and is still a strong influence on those who followed him.
Annual religious holidays were important to Italian American communities. Feast day celebrations that honored individual saints, often the patron saints of their native towns or villages, were also important. These celebrations were symbolic, not just of their Italian heritage but honoring particular saints also reflected their connections to specific regions and localities in Italy. In the additional history below, details are provided about the impact of New Columbus's Catholic Church, and its beloved priest Monsignor Angelini. He organized many festivals and celebrations that were attend by members of his parish and also non-Italians. Many of these types of events are similar to those documented in histories of Italian-American communities such as Philadelphia, Reading, and Roseto in Pennsylvania, New York City, and other towns and cities. Folklorists have documented the importance of these public celebrations, observances, and events—whether based in religion or not—in continuing the communities' connections to their ethnic heritage and helping to establish new identities in the United States. Many of these special events continued well into the twentieth century. Some still go on today. In New Columbus, after 1941 the processions, parades, holiday observances, and other community events almost always involved a gathering and ceremony in front of the Grotto.
The St. Theresa Celebration was a regional Italian festival. Monsignor Angelini's dedication and devotion to St. Theresa of Lisieux, France, The Little Flower of Jesus was the inspiration for the St. Theresa Shower of Roses celebration. This celebration started in 1932 and remained highly attended during its 75 years. Pilgrims from the tri-state area and beyond came by car and bus to join in the celebration. The Grotto was not only a focal point but the destination for all pilgrims during the feast day of St. Theresa.
The day began with several masses in the church and during the third mass there was a procession which included the Rose Queen, a selected teenage parish member and her court. At this mass, the Rose Queen was crowned. At 1:30 pm a mass was held at the Grotto, with the Rose Queen accompanied by her court. After this mass, the Queen was escorted to the St. Theresa's float. The float was adorned with blessed roses and a life-like statue of St. Theresa. At 2:30 pm, crowds of people congregated in front of the church to participate in the procession. The rosary was recited during the procession throughout the streets of New Columbus.
Throughout the day, people gathered at the grounds of the Grotto and they brought with them containers to fill the water that flowed from the rocks of the Grotto. The water was blessed by the many priests who were present at the Grotto. People also gathered at Madonna Hall (located behind the church) to join in the festivities of music, a spaghetti dinner and other delicious ethnic foods. Each year more than one thousand St. Theresa candles were lit in the church and at the Grotto at the request of the pilgrims for their special intentions. Vendors from within the tri state area also came with their wagons of goods.
At the conclusion of the procession, the Rose Queen would dress in the likeness of St. Theresa. Prior to 1975, the Rose Queen would be taken to the local airport in Lehighton, PA, where she boarded a helicopter filled with hundreds of long stem roses. The helicopter, escorted by several single engine airplanes, flew over New Columbus and showered roses over the area. The helicopter then landed in the John Cerchiaro Memorial Park (across from the church). The Queen then departed the helicopter and walked through the crowds to the Grotto. This was the highlight of the celebration. Monsignor Angelini used his influence to have a fly over of Naval jet planes from Willow Grove, PA, during one of the celebrations. After the procession, Benediction was held at the Grotto. Due to insurance liabilities, the Rose Queen no longer flew in a helicopter after 1975, and the co-pilot tossed the long stem roses. Thousands of people would run to catch a rose falling from the sky. People would even climb on the rooftops of homes to acquire a blessed rose.
The day ended with Monsignor boarding every bus to bid farewell to the pilgrims with a long stem rose for each person. At the height of the St. Theresa celebration there were more than 60 buses that found their way to New Columbus (a population of 800+). The event was carried by the local news stations and as far away as Philadelphia, PA and Florida. Many articles were written by newspaper reporters who attended the event from all over the area. A statue of St. Theresa sits to the right of the Grotto in memory of Monsignor. The street adjacent to the church was renamed Angelini Avenue in 1988.


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using UnityEngine;

namespace Sylver.CommandConsole
{
    class SetGravityCommand : TTCommand
    {
        public override Dictionary<string, string> ArgumentsDescriptions => new Dictionary<string, string>
        {
            {
                "(optional) X",
                "Gravity on X axis (default : 0)"
            },
            {
                "(optional) Y",
                "Gravity on Y axis (default : -30)"
            },
            {
                "(optional) Z",
                "Gravity on Z axis (default : 0)"
            }
        };

        public override string Name => "SetGravity";

        public override string Description => "Set the game Gravity";

        public override string Call(Dictionary<string, string> arguments)
        {

            Vector3 newGrav = Physics.gravity;

            if (arguments.TryGetValue("X", out string argX)) if (float.TryParse(argX, out float floatX)) newGrav.x = floatX; //Quaternion.Euler(floatX, 0, 0).x;
            if (arguments.TryGetValue("Y", out string argY)) if (float.TryParse(argY, out float floatY)) newGrav.y = floatY; //Quaternion.Euler(0, floatY, 0).y;
            if (arguments.TryGetValue("Z", out string argZ)) if (float.TryParse(argZ, out float floatZ)) newGrav.z = floatZ; //Quaternion.Euler(0, 0, floatZ).z;
            Physics.gravity = newGrav;

            return "Gravity set to to " + Physics.gravity.ToString();
        }

        public override void Init()
        {
            CommandHandler.Commands.Add(Name, GetType());
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Read Pajek partitions file (.clu format) using Networkx I'm trying to read a pajek partition file (In other words, it is a .clu file) with NetworkX python library and I can't figure out how can I do that. I can read a pajek network (.net format) using the read_pajek method, but I did't find a way to read the .clu files.
Thanks a lot!

A: A .clu file follows this format:

*

*First line: *Vertices NUMBER_OF_VERTICES

*Second line: Partition of vertex 0

*Third line: Partition of vertex 1

and so on until all NUMBER_OF_VERTICES are defined into a partition
Reading the community detection algorithms from networkx (https://networkx.github.io/documentation/stable/reference/algorithms/community.html) the preferred format in networkx is a iterable (i.e. a list or tuple) grouping the vertices number in each partition, for example:

*

*[[0, 1, 2, 3, 4], [5], [6, 7, 8, 9, 10]]

That would mean that the first partition is composed of vertices 0,1,2,3 and 4.
So, reading a .clu file is the task of converting the file into that structure.
I picked up the read_pajek function at https://networkx.github.io/documentation/networkx-1.10/_modules/networkx/readwrite/pajek.html#read_pajek and transformed it into a working read_pajek_clu function (you need to import defaultdict from collections).
def parse_pajek_clu(lines):
    """Parse Pajek format partition from string or iterable.
    Parameters
    ----------
    lines : string or iterable
       Data in Pajek partition format.
    Returns
    -------
    communities (generator) – Yields sets of the nodes in each community.
    See Also
    --------
    read_pajek_clu()
    """
    if isinstance(lines, str):
        lines = iter(lines.split('\n'))
    lines = iter([line.rstrip('\n') for line in lines])

    labels = []  # in the order of the file, needed for matrix
    while lines:
        try:
            l = next(lines)
        except:  # EOF
            break
        if l.lower().startswith("*vertices"):
            l, nnodes = l.split()
            communities = defaultdict(list)
            for vertice in range(int(nnodes)):
                l = next(lines)
                community = int(l)
                communities.setdefault(community, []).append(vertice)
        else:
            break

    return [ v for k,v in dict(communities).items() ]

You can check a working example at the repository:
https://github.com/joaquincabezas/networkx_pajek_util
Also, once you have the partition, it's a good start to use something like this idea from Paul Broderson to draw it:
how to draw communities with networkx
I hope this helps!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Over seventeen years JLH Minor Restoration and Modification have built an enviable reputation for quality and value. We are based at Napton on the Hill in Warwickshire, and we carry out all work from MOT preparation and servicing to complete full rebuilds and modifications. We are at present a very small team, consisting of Jonathon (the boss), who trained as a 'book illustrator' 28 years ago, then moved after twelve years to an apprenticeship in bodywork. Three years later he started JLH Minor Restoration and moved to new premises, and then four years ago to our current location. He has always had an interest in fast cars, so developed the range of kits that we now supply. Jonathon has always striven for the best possible quality at an affordable price. As he says "I think we have now done this, and am looking forward to a bright future with new developments like producing full on track day/race cars".
Martin has thirty-two years of body shop experience in main accident repair centres. He worked in repair and jigging of Andy Rouse's Toyota Carina touring cars and has made many specials on modern Fiestas, including one-off body kits and gull wing doors. He has worked as body shop foreman for several shops before joining JLH in 1996, where he has been an invaluable asset.
Tom joined us is early 2010, and has thirty years experience in bodyshop repairs. He along with Martin can turn his hands to all aspects of bodywork and mechanics. Tom has added strength to JLH as a company allowing greater through put of quality workmanship.


text:
Ambassador Linda Thomas-Greenfield
U.S. Representative to the United Nations
AS DELIVERED
Thank you, Mr. President. And thank you, Secretary-General Guterres, for joining us today. I would also like to thank the Special Coordinator Wennesland and your team for briefing the Council for the third time in a week on the tragic situation in Israel, the West Bank, and Gaza.
The human toll of this past week has been devastating. Hundreds have been killed and injured by rockets and airstrikes – including children. Sadly, these are numbers that may grow by the time we are even done with today's meeting. We're seeing neighbor turn against neighbor, and reports of extrajudicial killings. We've also been alarmed by violence impacting journalists and medical personnel, whose roles are crucial and must be protected and respected.
The United States calls on all parties to ensure the protection of civilians and to respect international humanitarian law. We also urge all parties to protect medical and other humanitarian facilities, as well as journalists and media organizations. We are particularly concerned about protecting UN facilities as civilians seek shelter in about two dozen of them.
In the hours since the Council last met on this issue, the United States has been working tirelessly through diplomatic channels to try to bring an end to this conflict. President Biden spoke to Prime Minister Netanyahu and President Abbas yesterday. Secretary Blinken has spoken with senior Israeli, Palestinian, and regional leaders. The United States remains intensively engaged with Israeli, Egyptian, and Qatari officials, as well as the Special Coordinator and his team – all of whom are working to define and establish conditions for a sustainable calm.
In all these engagements with Israeli officials, the Palestinian Authority, and all regional partners, the United States has made clear that we are prepared to lend our support and good offices should the parties seek a ceasefire, because we believe Israelis and Palestinians equally have a right to live in safety and security. The current violence has deprived both communities of this basic right.
So, it's time to end the cycle of violence. The United States calls on Hamas and other Palestinian groups in Gaza to immediately halt rocket attacks and other provocations. We also are deeply concerned about the ongoing intercommunal violence within mixed communities in Israel. We urge all parties to avoid actions that undermine a peaceful future. This includes avoiding incitement, violent attacks, and terrorist acts, as well as evictions – including in East Jerusalem – demolitions, and settlement construction east of the 1967 lines. And critically, all parties need to uphold and respect the historic status quo at the holy sites.
At the end of this latest round of fighting, we will face familiar, difficult, questions: How do we rebuild communities that have been scarred by violence? How do we alleviate the suffering of civilians in Gaza, and ensure Palestinian children can grow up with hope and opportunity instead of trauma? How can we best focus on the people of the region and their needs for justice, fairness, security, and opportunity?
These are all hard challenges, but prolonging this current cycle of violence will only make these challenges more complex and difficult to solve. And it will only put a negotiated two-state solution further out of our reach. So, the current cycle of violence must end. It is critical all parties return to working in good faith toward the vision of Israel and a Palestinian state, living side by side in peace, within secure and recognized borders, in which both Israelis and Palestinians enjoy equal measures of freedom, security, prosperity, and democracy.
But right now, children are terrified. And we need to do everything we can to move closer to a day when both Israeli and Palestinian children wake up every morning without fearing for their lives. Because that's the future we all want. One where Palestinians and Israelis live in dignity and prosperity, where everyone has the freedom to pursue their dreams. We are committed to working with everyone in the region to make that future a reality.
News, Speeches & Statements


text:
Q: OpenXml: Worksheet Child Elements change in ordering results in a corrupt file I am trying to use openxml to produce automated excel files. One problem I am facing is to accomodate my object model with open xml object model for excel. I have to come to a point where I realise that the order in which I append the child elements for a worksheet matters.
For Example:
workSheet.Append(sheetViews);
workSheet.Append(columns);
workSheet.Append(sheetData);
workSheet.Append(mergeCells);
workSheet.Append(drawing);

the above ordering doesnot give any error.
But the following:
workSheet.Append(sheetViews);
workSheet.Append(columns);
workSheet.Append(sheetData);
workSheet.Append(drawing);
workSheet.Append(mergeCells);

gives an error
So this doesn't let me to create a drawing object whenever I want to and append it to the worksheet. Which forces me to create these elements before using them.
Can anyone tell me if I have understood the problem correctly ? Because I believe we should be able to open any excel file create a new child element for a worksheet if necessary and append it. But now this might break the order in which these elements are supposed to be appended.
Thanks.

A: According to the Standard ECMA-376 Office Open XML File Formats, CT_Worksheet has a required sequence:

The reason the following is crashing:
workSheet.Append(sheetViews);
workSheet.Append(columns);
workSheet.Append(sheetData);
workSheet.Append(drawing);
workSheet.Append(mergeCells);

Is because you have drawing before mergeCells. As long as you append your mergeCells after drawing, your code should work fine.
Note: You can find the full XSD in ECMA-376 3rd edition Part 1 (.zip) -> OfficeOpenXML-XMLSchema-Strict -> sml.xsd.

A: I found that for all "Singleton" children where the parent objects has a Property defined (such as Worksheet.sheetViews) use the singleton property and assign the new object to that instead of using "Append" This causes the class itself to ensure the order is correct.
workSheet.Append(sheetViews);
workSheet.Append(columns);
workSheet.Append(sheetData);  // bad idea(though it does work if the order is good)
workSheet.Append(drawing);
workSheet.Append(mergeCells);

More correct format...
workSheet.sheetViews=sheetViews; // order doesn't matter.
workSheet.columns=columns;
...

A: As Joe Masilotti already explained, the order is defined in the schema.
Unfortunately, the OpenXML library does not ensure the correct order of child elements in the serialized XML as required by the underlying XML schema. Applications may not be able to parse the XML successfully if the order is not correct.
Here is a generic solution which I am using in my code:
private T GetOrCreateWorksheetChildCollection<T>(Spreadsheet.Worksheet worksheet)
    where T : OpenXmlCompositeElement, new()
{
    T collection = worksheet.GetFirstChild<T>();
    if (collection == null)
    {
        collection = new T();
        if (!worksheet.HasChildren)
        {
            worksheet.AppendChild(collection);
        }
        else
        {
            // compute the positions of all child elements (existing + new collection)
            List<int> schemaPositions = worksheet.ChildElements
                .Select(e => _childElementNames.IndexOf(e.LocalName)).ToList();
            int collectionSchemaPos = _childElementNames.IndexOf(collection.LocalName);
            schemaPositions.Add(collectionSchemaPos);
            schemaPositions = schemaPositions.OrderBy(i => i).ToList();

            // now get the index where the position of the new child is
            int index = schemaPositions.IndexOf(collectionSchemaPos);

            // this is the index to insert the new element
            worksheet.InsertAt(collection, index);
        }
    }
    return collection;
}

// names and order of possible child elements according to the openXML schema
private static readonly List<string> _childElementNames = new List<string>() {
    "sheetPr", "dimension", "sheetViews", "sheetFormatPr", "cols", "sheetData",
    "sheetCalcPr", "sheetProtection", "protectedRanges", "scenarios", "autoFilter",
    "sortState", "dataConsolidate", "customSheetViews", "mergeCells", "phoneticPr",
    "conditionalFormatting", "dataValidations", "hyperlinks", "printOptions",
    "pageMargins", "pageSetup", "headerFooter", "rowBreaks", "colBreaks",
    "customProperties", "cellWatches", "ignoredErrors", "smartTags", "drawing",
    "drawingHF", "picture", "oleObjects", "controls", "webPublishItems", "tableParts",
    "extLst"
};

The method always inserts the new child element at the correct position, ensuring that the resulting document is valid.

A: For those end up here via Google like I did, the function below solves the ordering problem after the child element is inserted:
public static T ReorderChildren<T>(T element) where T : OpenXmlElement
{
  Dictionary<Type, int> childOrderHashTable = element.GetType()
                                                  .GetCustomAttributes()
                                                  .Where(x => x is ChildElementInfoAttribute)
                                                  .Select( (x, idx) => new KeyValuePair<Type, int>(((ChildElementInfoAttribute)x).ElementType, idx))
                                                  .ToDictionary(x => x.Key, x => x.Value);

  List<OpenXmlElement> reorderedChildren = element.ChildElements
                                                .OrderBy(x => childOrderHashTable[x.GetType()])
                                                .ToList();
  element.RemoveAllChildren();
  element.Append(reorderedChildren);
  return element;
}

The generated types in the DocumentFormat.OpenXml library have custom attributes that can be used to reflect metadata from the the OOXML schema.  This solution relies on System.Reflection and System.Linq (i.e., not very fast) but eliminates the need to hardcode a list of strings to correctly order the child elements for a specific type.
I use this function after validation on the ValidationErrorInfo.Node property and it and cleans up the newly created element by reference.  That way I don't have apply this method recursively across an entire document.

A: helb's answer is beautiful - thank you for that, helb.
It has the slight drawback that it does not test if there are already problems with the order of child elements.  The following slight modification makes sure there are no pre-existing problems when adding a new element (you still need his _childElementNames, which is priceless) and it's slightly more efficient:
    private static int getChildElementOrderIndex(OpenXmlElement collection)
    {
        int orderIndex = _childElementNames.IndexOf(collection.LocalName);
        if( orderIndex < 0)
            throw new InvalidOperationException($"Internal: worksheet part {collection.LocalName} not found");
        return orderIndex;
    }
    private static T GetOrCreateWorksheetChildCollection<T>(Worksheet worksheet) where T : OpenXmlCompositeElement, new()
    {
        T collection = worksheet.GetFirstChild<T>();
        if (collection == null)
        {
            collection = new T();
            if (!worksheet.HasChildren)
            {
                worksheet.AppendChild(collection);
            }
            else
            {
                int collectionSchemaPos = getChildElementOrderIndex(collection);
                int insertPos = 0;
                int lastOrderNum = -1;
                for(int i=0; i<worksheet.ChildElements.Count; ++i)
                {
                    int thisOrderNum = getChildElementOrderIndex(worksheet.ChildElements[i]);
                    if(thisOrderNum<=lastOrderNum)
                        throw new InvalidOperationException($"Internal: worksheet parts {_childElementNames[lastOrderNum]} and {_childElementNames[thisOrderNum]} out of order");
                    lastOrderNum = thisOrderNum;
                    if( thisOrderNum < collectionSchemaPos )
                        ++insertPos;
                }
                // this is the index to insert the new element
                worksheet.InsertAt(collection, insertPos);
            }
        }
        return collection;
    }


text:
Q: It rcording but recorded video is not playin.it gives the error "moov data not found",plese help me to solve this I am working on gstreamer. I need to capture the video from a web cam and store as a specific .mp4 file. For this I developed an application, it works fine for capturing recording and playing. But if I press the ctrl+c signal, it records but the recorded video does not play. It gives the error "moov data not found". I searched that error in google. I got the what is the problem but I don't know how to solve it. please help me to solve this

A: MP4 files or not be introupted while recording. They need need to be cleanly closed (ie write the moov box). Eaither shut down the stream cleanly (not cancel via ctrl c) or use a streamable format like flv, and remix to MP4 as a post processing step.


text:
Statnamic Load Test (STN) | About Statnamic Test
Filed in Articles by Editorial Staff on December 23, 2016
Statnamic Load Test (STN) | About Statnamic Test.
Historically load testing of piles has been limited to static and dynamic tests. More recently Rapid Load Testing (RLT) techniques like Statnamic (STN) and Statrapid (STR) have been introduced, which have benefits over the existing techniques.
The most commonly deployed form of Rapid Load Testing is referred to as 'Statnamic™', which has been in regular use throughout the world since the early 1990s. The technique was originally conceived in the late 1980s through a collaboration between Berminghammer Foundation Equipment and TNO Building Research.
It was developed to incorporate the advantages that dynamic pile testing has over static pile testing without the disadvantages. With an ever increasing emphasis in inner cities to reuse foundations (especially piles) techniques to examine the performance of piles without the need for large reaction systems are of great interest.
The Statnamic test applies a force to the pile head over a typical duration of 120 milliseconds through the controlled venting of high pressure gas. The gas is the product of the combustion of a fast burning fuel within a piston (fuel chamber). At the top of the piston are vents that are sealed by a load hanger retaining a reaction mass. At some point the pressure within the piston is high enough to force the reaction mass upward at accelerations in the order of 500 m/s2. This process generates a downward load on the test pile, resulting in pile velocities up to 1 m/s.
For foundation design it is necessary to derive the 'equivalent' static load-settlement curve from the Statnamic data. The most common method to do this is referred to as the Unloading Point Method (UPM).
The proper application of the Unloading Point Method (UPM) is prescribed in the Cur 230 Dutch Guideline for the interpretation of Rapid Load Testing results.
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Tags: Statnamic, Statnamic Load, Statnamic Load Test, Statnamic Test
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text:
Facing an uncertain future. Thomas Hawk/Flickr, CC BY-NC
Here's what it's like to work at a company that goes into administration
April 27, 2016 11.38am EDT
Liz Rivers, University of Huddersfield
Liz Rivers
Senior Lecturer - People, Management and Organisations, University of Huddersfield
Liz Rivers does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.
University of Huddersfield provides funding as a member of The Conversation UK.
All businesses hit choppy waters at times, and inevitably several end up drowning. High Street tailor Austin Reed followed hard on the heels of department store BHS this week, both paying the price for management failures and longstanding trading issues to become the latest retailers to go into administration.
What sounds like a dull accountancy term in fact signals a fraught and sometimes frenetic period marked by anxiety. What jobs will be saved? How long have employees got? Who will turn out the lights?
With almost 11,000 employees and 164 stores, comparisons between BHS and the fall of another once-loved British retailer, Woolworths, in 2009 are inevitable. The closure of BHS would be the UK's biggest retail collapse since 815 Woolworths stores closed. As administrators seek a buyer, BHS employees will face uncertainty about their daily working lives, as I remember from my first-hand experience as an employee in the dying days of Woolies and can share now as an HR academic.
I was HR manager for a head office site of nearly 400 employees. I learned the full details of my employer's financial difficulties on the BBC 6 o'clock news after leaving work on November 26, 2008. Like every other employee, I did not know what to expect.
Final days. Alan in Belfast/Flickr, CC BY-NC-ND
Grim times
The next day delivered angst and doubt along with the arrival of the administrators onto site. They arrived suited and booted and took up positions behind closed door management offices with formal introductions only to senior management. More administrators moved onto site gradually, from a handful the first day to around 20 unfamiliar, emotionless faces, silently working on their laptops in hushed groups in meeting rooms.
Long emails lacked clarity about what this really meant for the 26,000 employees as a buyer was sought and not found. There was obvious worry about impending job losses, the presence of the administrators on site created further apprehension. There was a lack of transparency. Meetings between the now new management team (the administrators) left employees nervously speculating on their next move.
Meetings with senior directors to gain necessary information about the day-to-day running and management of the company resulted in group emails containing employee lists which "invited" the first dispensable employees to their pre-departure group briefing. Further lists of names and job roles set out who was needed at each stage of closure. In a well-oiled administration machine, it can be a brutal time.
Not waving
As site management at Woolworths, we found the first cull devastating to witness. HR specialists had no control over the process. The brevity of the administrator's announcements, the lack of opportunities for employees to ask questions or take time to say their goodbyes was shocking. But the clinical nature of the process could not mask the very real display of human emotions of anger, fear and sadness.
Over the next eight weeks, employees left in "waves" based on their perceived value as decided by the administrators. First, it was customer service agents – once initial customer queries subsided – then operational teams clearing stock and then facilities and estates teams which managed building closures and document archiving.
A core HR team, as one of the last to leave, became the administrative function it had tried so hard not to be during happier times – cross-checking statutory entitlements to be paid by the government on 26,000 redundancy payment forms. Stores were put to rest in phases and, by January 6 2009, the last stores closed. Only a select few employees remained at head office and distribution locations.
There remains a chance that BHS and Austin Reed will find buyers, but that won't end the uncertainty. And while they face a similar fate to Woolworths, the media are vying to discuss broken promises made by management of BHS to shareholders. But what about managers' broken promises to staff? Employees in the UK's steel industry are experiencing the same emotions: trauma at the breach of trust, job insecurity and fear about what the future will hold for them and their families.
On the block. Austin Reed's store in Regent Street. EPA/HANNAH MCKAY
Following the script
Back in 2008, Woolworths employees were faced with a tumult of questions. Should they turn up for work? Would they get paid? What about their pension? Should they continue working on projects? Would they get a reference?
Line managers tried to answer questions but they could only give uncertain answers. Many managers also tried to sidestep the emotional side of redundancy through rationality. Scripts are read, FAQ documents distributed, rational language deployed: "It's not about you, it's the role that's being made redundant".
ACAS research refers to redundancy handlers as "downsizing envoys", not like George Clooney's character in the film Up in the Air, but ordinary management folk, implementing decisions of leaders who are keen to dodge toxic employee emotions. The "emotional labour" of those required to display a neutral rather than authentic human emotion only dissipates as employees and managers eventually face the same fate.
So, for BHS, what lessons can be learned seven years on from the demise of Woolworths? Failure to collectively consult, in what is known in employment law circles as "The Woolworths case", enabled employees to bring employment tribunal claims for protective awards. This after-the-event compensation does not account for the anguish experienced at the time.
Rather than "managing emotions" it is better to "work with emotions". Managers should encourage communication between teams, allowing emotions to bubble to the surface by listening and letting frustrations be aired. I hope BHS will keep employees well informed ahead of media leaks and provide answers to employees' questions. Even Clooney's "corporate downsizer" eventually recognised that people need respect. Let's hope the administrators at BHS consider the human side of the story.


text:
Musica reservata ( секретная, тайная, заповедная) — термин, применявшийся по отношению к особого рода (сложной, изысканной) музыке, предназначенной для знатоков, для «посвящённых». Используется в итальянских (преимущественно) и латинских памятниках письменности (нотах, музыкально-теоретических трактатах, эпистолярии и др.) второй половины XVI — первой трети XVII веков.

Краткая характеристика
Впервые появляется в названии сборника мотетов Адриана Пети Коклико (Coclico) — «Consolationes piae ex psalmis Davidicis» («Милостивые утешения, [взятые] из псалмов Давидовых», Нюрнберг, 1552), а затем у него же в предисловии к «Музыкальному компендию» («Compendium musices») — для описания музыки Жоскена и его последователей, в противоположность музыке предыдущего периода (Окегема, Обрехта, Изака); затем в письмах д-ра Зельда (G.S. Seld) герцогу Баварскому Альбрехту V, которые датируются 1555 годом; у Вичентино в трактате «Древняя музыка, приведённая к современной практике» («L'antica musica ridotta alla moderna prattica», Рим, 1555); на титульном листе сочинения Винченцо Руффо «Новые сочинения, озаглавленные небесная музыка»; в Предисловии к «Введению в астрологию» астролога и математика Жана Теньера («Astrologiae iudiciariae ysagogica Jean Taisniers», 1599). Развёрнутое описание musica reservata дал Самуэль Квикельберг (S.Quickelberg) в комментарии к «Покаянным псалмам» Лассо (1560); титулом musico reservato обозначен итальянский скрипач и композитор Бьяджо Марини, где, скорее всего, он упоминается как «освобожденный» (reservato) солист.

Такое разнообразное употребление термина свидетельствует о его широком применении в данную эпоху. Четыре значения musica reservata самые важные:

 Новые типы композиции, в первую очередь, хроматика, вошедшая в 1550-х годах в мадригалы и мотеты;
 Использование музыкально-риторических фигур, отображающих словесный текст;
 Манера исполнения, с дополнительными украшениями или другими эмоциональными методами (в т.ч. мелизматикой, варьированием с помощью диминуции, т.наз. note negre);
 Музыка для знатоков, для посвященных, которые по-настоящему могут её оценить. По этому поводу Вичентино писал:

[Многие господа и люди благородного происхождения, особенно в славном городе Ферраре, где я сейчас нахожусь], действительно понимают, что (как свидетельствуют древние писатели) хроматическая и энармоническая музыка заслуженно была зарезервирована (riserbata) для иного использования, нежели музыка диатоническая; первая — в публичных празднествах в общественных местах — предназначалась для ушей простого народа, вторая — в приватном времяпрепровождении господ и князей — предназначалась для тонкого слуха и исполнялась во славу выдающихся личностей и героев».

Понятие musica reservata близко соприкасается с характеристикой маньеризма, но термин «маньеризм» определяет стилистику позднего Ренессанса и лишь по аналогии используется  в музыке, а musica reservata — специфический термин (и явление), относящийся только к музыке; маньеризм распространяется на различные эпохи, являясь, как правило, завершением какого-либо периода, а musica reservata указывает на конкретный исторический период (2-я половина XVI века).

Примечания

Литература
 Музыкальная эстетика западноевропейского Средневековья и Возрождения (переводы фрагментов трактатов на русский язык) / Сост. и вступительная статья В.П. Шестакова). М., 1966.
 Meier B. Musica reservata // MGG 1.
 Maniates M.R. Mannerism in Italian music and culture, 1530–1630. Manchester (N.C.), 1979.
 Vicentino N. L'antica musica ridotta alla moderna prattica. Roma, Antonio Barre, 1555.

Музыкальная эстетика
Музыкальные термины

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Best OfMMORPGs
The 10 Best MMORPG Games You Should Play In 2021
Having thousands of playtime hours in countless MMORPGs, we've handpicked the 10 best MMOs you can play in 2020!
By Babalon, Mother of Abominations
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MMORPGs are our specialty – and the reason Altar of Gaming exists in the first place. Consider this list 99% perfect and accurate, since it's coming from someone with 15 years of experience with MMOs. I have literally played more than 150 MMORPGs, and invested at least 1,000 hours in more than 20 of them. Therefore I can safely attest, that this is the ultimate list, of the best MMORPG games in existence (that are globally available).
1 Best Theme Park MMOs
1.1 World of Warcraft
1.2 The Elder Scrolls Online
1.3 Final Fantasy XIV
1.4 Guild Wars 2
2 Best Sandbox MMOs
2.1 Black Desert Online
2.2 Albion Online
2.3 ArcheAge
2.4 Old School Runescape
3 Best Old-School MMORPGs
3.1 The Lord of The Rings Online
3.2 Neverwinter
Best Theme Park MMOs
Casual MMORPGs, also known as "Theme Park MMOs", share some core elements:
Anyone can start playing and enjoy the game, even if it's their first game ever!
There's a big amount of collectibles, mini-games, and events to take part in.
Both casual and hardcore players can find like-minded adventurers, and there are plenty of activities to undertake.
Game World of Warcraft
Developer Blizzard Entertainment
Publisher Blizzard Entertainment
Genres MMORPG
Website Complete Collection
Amazon Standard Edition
G2A Battle for Azeroth EU
World of Warcraft is undoubtedly the strongest synonym of "MMORPG games", and anyone who thinks otherwise – is in denial. 😂 The amount of work hours that have been collectively put in WoW over almost two decades, are an unmatched feat by any other MMO, and they are reflected in the game.
I meet more and more people that have never – ever – played WoW, and are actually negatively biased towards it. I understand their view point of course – "how can this ugly game get so much praise".
First things first – to be fair – WoW is far from ugly. You most probably have a vague image of the game from a decade back, or you just hate anything that "doesn't look realistic". I challenge you to spend just a couple of hours on the free trial to level 20 – you won't even have to pay attention to get amazed by the sheer amount of detail all around you.
I'm one of the few millions that started playing WoW back in vanilla, and I can't stop myself from coming back to it every few years. There's just so much content to experience, and it's definitely the Last MMO Standing as far as P2W goes – there's just nothing you can buy with money in WoW. Only your game time, and a few cosmetic mounts. That's it – everything else, you will acquire with your own sweat and blood.
There is one huge negative in World of Warcraft, and I have to mention it. The lore & storyline is bigger than any other online game most probably, but there are NO voiceovers. I'm serious, there are NO voiceovers!!! It's absurd, mind-blowing and as "wtf are the devs thinking" as it goes. GET REAL BLIZZARD. 😁
Game The Elder Scrolls Online
Developer ZeniMax Online Studios
Publisher Bethesda Softworks
HumbleBundle PC
Amazon PC / Mac
The Elder Scrolls Online had an arguably bad launch, but it did start to grow and grow, both content-wise, and inside our hearts. 😍 Ok, WoW is amazing, but I do understand people that just hate non-realism. ESO more than makes up for this, with its dark fantasy setting, detailed visuals, and Elder-Scrolls-Level Lore, fabricating a universe that is just too good to let you visit back real life.
There's a very important factor to consider before getting into ESO – do you enjoy good storylines or do you just skip them? At least 50% of the game's value lies in its storytelling – visually, aurally and emotionally – therefore it is crucial to know what to expect. From the tiniest side quest, to 4-hour long epics, everything is carefully crafted in Tamriel's lore, exceptionally voice-overed, and offering a huge amount of variety.
The same freedom & depth goes into characters classes as well, since there are absolutely no restrictions at the weapon & armor types you can use, as well as the wealth of other Skill Lines you can unlock through progressing in the game. Having clocked more than 5,000 hours in Oblivion & Skyrim (and 1,000 more in ESO), I can safely attest that it's the best online version Skyrim could ever wish for.
The amount of content in The Elder Scrolls Online is simply staggering, so if you like "collectibles" you'll feel right at home! Keep in mind though that the game is too immersive – even for an MMO – making it quite "unplayable" without the proper addons, especially when you want to experience end-game content, or are used to playing other MMORPGs.
Game Final Fantasy XIV Online
Developer Square Enix
Publisher Square Enix
Amazon PC
Amazon PS4
Final Fantasy XIV, along with WoW & ESO, consist of The Holy Trinity of MMORPGs. All 3 of them are backed by millions of active players, and hundreds of millions of game development costs. If Anime is your thing, then FFXIV is the reasonable choice for you. Even though I'm an "anime-hater", I have greatly enjoyed my time in Eorzea, so I can only imagine how GOOD it must be for anime fans! 😁
There's a great appeal to Final Fantasy players too of course, since FF's lore and backstory are just so damn huge. There's too much praise for the storyline – and it's indeed very good – but no one seems annoyed that voiceovers and cutscenes are 1 out of 100 quests. Not a trait the latest FF entries are known for, since Square Enix gives a heavy focus to story, cinematics, and all in all making a big impression! For reasons unknown, they decided to "skip" this part with FFXIV, and provide a Handheld JRPG feel to the dialogues.
FFXIV is slow, but it does award your patience greatly. Too many will quit early on out of frustration – it just takes too much time to reach end-game as a new player. I'm all up for long storylines and a meaningful leveling experience, but I do feel the new player experience could be more welcoming – and not so "old-school".
The game does look beautiful – even after all these years – and there's amazing detail to be found in the textures and the environments. I heavily suggest using ReShade with FFXIV if your PC can take it, as it really adds up to the charming visuals!
Game Guild Wars 2
Developer ArenaNet
Publisher NCSoft
Guild Wars 2 took the world by storm with its launch – I'm not even joking. Back in 2012, it offered what only our wildest dreams could – flawless action combat. It was no surprise that millions of MMO enthusiasts jumped straight into it, and didn't look back (to WoW) for a long, long time.
Today, GW2 is probably the "easiest to pickup" MMO you can find, since it offers hands-down the best new player experience & User Interface you can ask for. You don't have to complete a million prerequisites, or pay for them. I really can't praise how welcoming Guild Wars 2 is for new players, and of course, its excellent and heartwarming player base contributes a great deal to that fact.
Also known for its huge "Fashion Wars" community, it's true that there's just too much you can do with your character's aesthetics. Actually, I can easily accuse Guild Wars 2 of my "gaming collectibles OCD". They still have the most rewarding achievements system, making it hard to not be motivated while playing.
If I'm honest, it's not the first MMO I would suggest someone to pick up. I struggle to answer "why", but maybe it's because it starts to look more and more dated visually. I mean sure, WoW is even older, but it looks crisp to the tiniest detail. Guild Wars 2 hasn't faced any major graphic overhauls since the beginning, and it's starting to show.
Best Sandbox MMOs
Sandbox games are supposed to provide the ultimate freedom to their players, rather than offering linear content & experiences. There's no better genre to "go sandbox" than MMOs, but they don't seem to be so popular after all. 🤔
Most players tend to stick with casual games, that offer "preset" and polished gameplay – who can blame them? Going sandbox means going hardcore, since the following MMOs operate far outside the box!
Game Black Desert Online
Release Date July 14, 2015
Developer Pearl Abyss
Publisher Pearl Abyss
Amazon Xbox One
Black Desert Online… Oh man, where to begin! It's easily the most controversial MMORPG on the market, for many, many good reasons. With BDO, there's no middle ground – you're either going to love it, or hate it. I love it. 😁 It's the definition of what a Sandbox MMO can achieve, when paired with a hyperactive development team – that won't let the game die, not even for a week!
If you have spent a lot of time with other MMOs, and are under the impression of "well, it's still too limited", then please let me introduce you to Black Desert Online. Are you ready to get into a relationship? Is your IRL partner ready for that too? Because BDO is going to become an extension of yourself. An intertwined reality where you work hard to get better in the game, while the game works hard to make you better in your life.
I know, many people will call me crazy, but allow me to overextend on this one. BDO showed me the true path. It showed me what focus can do for my life. How I can't have / do everything, but how much I can achieve if I focus only on the things I really want. It taught me more about patience, long-term thinking / investing and scheduling, than real life ever did (well I'm not the most social guy of course, but I think that's the norm – and not the exception in the MMORPG player base).
Sadly, it's very hard to really get into the game, realize the possibilities, and actually decide to make that time investment (don't do it if you don't plan to play for at least a couple of years). The new player experience in BDO is really terrible, and you will have a hard time advancing – especially if you don't have any friends to progress together, or teach you the basics.
But trust me, it's worth it! You won't find an MMO with deepest mechanics anywhere. From 19 unique classes with a huge volume of skills that you can chain in a multitude of ways, to 10 unique professions that each offer their own world to discover, even listing the main features of BDO, would take around 250 bullet points. I'm sure my in-depth BDO review can certainly help you make that decision.
Game Albion Online
Developer Sandbox Interactive
Publisher Sandbox Interactive
Albion Online is a very special game – in a good way! If you asked me "what's the most fun MMORPG I can play with my friends", then the answer is 100% Albion Online. These guys have truly created an MMO, that overall is just plain fun to play along with friends! Open-world PvP is everywhere, while Combat & Gathering / Crafting go as deep as needed, to create perhaps the only true player-driven economy that exists in an MMORPG right now.
There's no other MMO where you can team up with 1, 5, or even 25 more friends, and roam around together to kill other groups of players, and steal all of their loot! Or maybe go through a multi-level randomized dungeon full of dangers and treasures. Create your own hideout in the huge open-world – in a single Megaserver that connects everyone globally.
The feeling of competitiveness is apparent throughout the whole game. Every workshop you are going to use to repair your gear, craft new weapons, or cook your recipes, is owned by another player which you have to pay tax to – or maybe create your own workshops at your private island if you think that skipping taxes is profitable (spoiler alert – it's not IRL, it's not in Albion 😉). Maybe take a look at my beginner's guide, to get a better sense of the mechanics!
I could go on, and on, and on about the freedom AO offers, and how much other game developers should learn from it. It's no surprise that Albion, is the only MMO I can recall, that has been steadily rising in population after going Free to Play. If you try it, it's hard to not notice all the things I mentioned, and just get drawn to it for real!
Game Archeage
Developer XLGames
Publisher Gamigo
ArcheAge has been a really controversial MMORPG, but that doesn't diminish the innovation it's added to the genre. The main thing that killed ArcheAge, is the usual suspect – Pay to Win mechanics. Its population has dropped drastically ever since, and its publishers have gone as far as releasing the exact same game, under a "buy to play – no pay to win" business model, named ArcheAge: Unchained.
Allow me to say, that this situation is a joke. Instead of deciding to rework the P2W issues in the main game, and adopting better business tactics, they just re-released the same game, adding a couple of hairstyles and calling it a remastered version…
So why is ArcheAge even on the list of "The Best MMORPGs Ever Released"? Simply because it's a unique MMO, and a perfect "anime translation" of World of Warcraft – while still offering more freedom and creative possibilities, making it a true sandbox. There's so much to do, craft, explore & accomplish, in a persistent open-world where even player houses are accessible without instances and fake placeholders.
It's also worth noting that sea content is huge, and in contrast to Black Desert Online – it's actually enjoyable, fluent and polished. With literally hundreds of class combinations available in ArcheAge, and a wealth of gathering / crafting mechanics, it is a unique gem that still stands the test of time. Even though it's the only MMO in this list, that I'm not sure it will for much longer…
Old School Runescape
Game Old School Runescape
Release Date February 22, 2013
Developer Jagex
Publisher Jagex
Old School Runescape is a hard game. Sadly that's mostly due to the immensely outdated visuals, and the most terrible user interface a human being has ever created. If you can compromise with that, then it is indeed an amazing sandbox MMO, with a great world to discover, and a hard reminder that quests shouldn't just be "kill 10 wolves" or "fetch 5 carrots".
There's a huge world to discover in OSRS, and hand-holding is at an absolute minimum. Figuring out how to use the interface and your items is… memorable to say the least. 😂 It's definitely not for everyone, but those keen to take up the challenge – I think you already know who you are!
OSRS is still one of the most populated MMOs, and they even show real-time how many active players are online! No other MMO has done that, so huge applause for Jagex here! It's also worth noting that even upcoming game changes are voted from players in-game. They are taking their community seriously, and the community pays back!
It's far from easy to get started with OSRS, so I definitely suggest checking out our beginner's guide before delving deeper.
Best Old-School MMORPGs
There are a few MMORPGs that might look too dated, but can truly reward you if you decide to invest your time! What they lack visually, they make up for RPG-wise, so expect to hold long gaming sessions.
Game The Lord of The Rings Online
Developer Standing Stone Games
Publisher Daybreak Game Company
The Lord of The Rings Online was a dream coming true back in 2007, and after almost two decades, it still is the best representation of the LOTR lore in a video game. Many great games have been released for Middle Earth, but LOTRO is the biggest – and richest – experience a Tolkien die-hard can ask for!
We are still waiting on more news about Amazon Game Studios developing a new Lord of The Rings MMORPG – which I hope will be massive – but if you are a lore / story person, then LOTRO will definitely not disappoint you. The only negative you can expect, is the outdated graphics, and the tiny UI that can barely be used in 1080p (I'm a 4K user so it's sadly painful).
We are dealing with an Old-School MMO, so expect tab-targeting, huge rotations, and countless buffs & debuffs. At the same time, it's refreshing to see how much work has been put into professions and player housing – not the norm for similar MMOs. It's worth mentioning that Roleplaying is a big thing in LOTRO, as you would expect. 😁
Since LOTRO appeals to a very specific – and small – group of gamers, the publishers are sadly taking advantage of them, offering an enormous amount of DLCs that unlock extra content, stories, level caps, classes etc. The game can indeed offer even thousands of hours of free content to players, but be prepared if you are going to invest your time in it.
Game Neverwinter
Release Date June 20, 2013
Developer Cryptic Studios
Publisher Perfect World Entertainment
Neverwinter is the perfect mix of D&D in an MMORPG. The most famous Dungeons & Dragons setting fits perfectly, and contributes to one of the "weirdest" and unique MMOs out there. The aesthetics are clunky, but they are hiding a truly deep RPG, that will hardly disappoint hardcore D&D players.
The combat is a strange mix of Guild Wars 2's action style, with World of Warcraft's RPG-iness. That means it will satisfy most people, even though the character animations are the most underworked element of the game. I really can't guess why they overlooked such an important gameplay element, but I do hope they will rework it in the future.
You will quickly discover there's too much to do in Neverwinter, and too much that you haven't seen before! There are so many unique D&D modes to enjoy solo or with a group, ranging from silly fun to truly challenging! It's an amazingly creative twist – I really wish more game developers would think out of the box when trying to create an enjoyable and memorable game.
Achievement collectors will feel right at home, as there's a wealth of.. stuff to collect in Neverwinter, but be prepared for an overwhelming cash shop too. It's hardly pay to win, but it is obvious free players won't be able to access every little thing in the game.
Disclosure: We may sometimes use affiliate links to reputable retailers like Amazon.
Babalon, Mother of Abominations
16-hours / day in front of the screen entrepreneur, of which 6+ are spent on gaming. MMOs, CCGs, RPGs and many more, Steam-addict & achievement-w***e. Currently wasting life on BDO & Gacha Games.
Winter June 18, 2020 At 5:41 pm
prety much you cover all big mmos here..i just wanna add few if you dont mind 🙂 first of all..most unique mmo i ever played atlantica online..i know its old but still going,allods..game i played with passion back in days..best soundtrack i ever heard from any mmo..maybe you should add section p2w dinosaurus that still exist this days..like pwi or runes of magic 🙂
Babalon, Mother of Abominations July 10, 2020 At 11:34 am
Thanks for your input Winter!
Atlantica Online? I have to admit it's the first time I'm hearing of it! It seems quite old-school indeed 😛 It still has a loyal community?
Allods didn't offer anything too special for me, yet it's true – back in the old days it did offer some good grinding sessions. 😁
Hahaha, actually the "P2W Dinosaurs That Are Still Going" section is not a bad idea! 😂
Jeff May 4, 2020 At 9:40 am
How could you not mention Eve Online? The sandiest sandbox MMO from a tiny company in Iceland still going strong 17 years later. And there's still no other game like it!
Babalon, Mother of Abominations May 29, 2020 At 1:32 pm
There's no denying that Jeff!
Eve Online stands in the hall of fame for me. It's no wonder that Pearl Abyss (Black Desert Online's developer / publisher) acquired Eve! Both games are sick sandbox MMOs, with an unending competitive scene!
The only reason it's not here, is because this list isn't yet complete. Even though I wanted to add Eve in the Sandbox section, I believe it deserves to go in the "Best SciFi MMOs" section, since let's be honest here – you need to like space, to enjoy Eve! Can't really convince a Fantasy / RPG fan to do it easily. 😁
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text:
Mapping Dangerous Spaces
SECOND CALL FOR PAPERS: Mapping Dangerous Spaces
A one day interdisciplinary symposium for postgraduates and early career researchers to be held at the British Library Conference Centre on 1 June 2009.
The School of Social Policy, Sociology and Social Research at the University of Kent and The British Library invite postgraduates and early career researchers to present their work and generate new debate about 'dangerous' spaces and the way in which crime and danger are mapped.
We would like to offer researchers the opportunity to challenge collectively orthodox understandings about the mapping of 'danger' and to draw together interdisciplinary work about how changing perceptions of danger are represented and imagined.
The day will take place at The British Library and will include an introduction by Peter Barber to some unusual maps of 'danger' that are specific to the collections. An interdisciplinary panel of academics will speak on their work and will include Kate O'Brien from the University of Kent and Alessandro Scafi from the Warburg Institute.
We warmly invite and welcome proposals for themes for parallel sessions, papers or workshops. Joint papers are welcome. Please send 200 word abstracts as well as ideas for themes by Friday 13 March 2009 to conference organisers (below).
Possible themes include:
Ideology/Power Space and Culture Mapping cognitively, emotions and the psycho-geography of space Mapping liminal spaces The 'civilized' space Literary, fictional and virtual maps New ways of reading maps Gender, race and 'danger' Issues of surveillance and controlWe invite attendees to join us for lunch as well as a networking session at the close of the symposium. A small registration fee of £10 will apply to all participants. Tickets will be available through the British Library box office from late March.
Laura Hanson (ljh29@kent.ac.uk) and Dr. Sarah Evans (sarah.evans@bl.uk)


text:
Preso al laccio (titolo originale Roped) è un film del 1919 diretto da John Ford. Il film è considerato perduto. Si tratta di uno degli almeno 25 film in cui il regista John Ford e l'attore Harry Carey hanno collaborato, tra il 1917 e il 1921. Ford vedeva Carry come un mentore e lavorarono insieme alla sceneggiatura di molti dei loro film.

Durante queste collaborazioni, Carey realizzò più film di Ford. Nel 1919, l'anno in cui uscì Preso al laccio, Ford guadagnava 300 dollari a settimana mentre Carey ne guadagnava 1.250. Questa differenza di retribuzione portò a tensioni tra i due.

Trama
Cheyenne Harry è il proprietario di un grosso ranch. Dopo che i suoi cowboy hanno pubblicato un annuncio sul giornale cercando di trovargli una moglie, Harry sposa Aileen Judson-Brown. Un anno dopo il loro matrimonio, Aileen dà alla luce il loro primo figlio. La madre di Aileen, la Sig.ra. Judson-Brown, cerca di fare di tutto ciò che è in suo potere per rompere il matrimonio in modo che sua figlia possa sposare il più facoltoso Ferdie Van Duzen. Per costringere la figlia le sottrae il bambino e dice a Harry che Aileen non lo ama più e il loro bambino è morto. Con il cuore spezzato, Harry si trasferisce a ovest.

Harry riceve notizie dal maggiordomo della Judson-Brown che il suo bambino è ancora vivo. Harry trova suo figlio e Aileen gli confessa il suo vero amore. Il film si conclude con la famiglia riunita che si dirige verso l'Ovest, lasciandosi alle spalle l'odiosa suocera di Harry.

Note

Collegamenti esterni

Film Universal Pictures
Film diretti da John Ford


This is a group for anyone interested in machine learning, artificial intelligence, and other data science topics. We take an engineering/programming perspective and often focus on direct implementation and application rather than theoretical. If you are looking for ways to bring machine learning and artificial intelligence into your company's products then this group is for you.
Many promises of machine learning success hinge on availability of high quality labeled datasets that allow for fully supervised training algorithms. This works for some who have been lucky enough to invest early in data collection and labeling efforts, however the majority of the worlds data is unlabeled and unavailable to traditional machine learning algorithms. In this talk we'll explore recent research into semi/self-supervised learning that can help us bridge the gap and take advantage of smaller labeled datasets or even unlabeled data. Presentation by Paul English, data scientist at Nav Schedule: 6:15-6:30pm food 6:30-7:15ish presentation 7:15- mingle, chat, network!
Come Learn about Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques that you can apply at home, at work, or to play!