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text:
Improving economy over the summer gave Deluxe better-than-expected results
Mayo Clinic faces lawsuit in breach of patients' health records
New York AG: Sotheby's helped rich art lover skirt taxes
NEW YORK — Sotheby's helped an art collector dodge millions of dollars in New York sales taxes, the state attorney general said in a lawsuit filed Friday, accusing the prominent auction house of accepting bogus documentation to spare a top client a tax bill.
The case involves $27 million worth of purchases of pieces by such artists as painter Jean-Michel Basquiat and sculptor Anish Kapoor, and it portrays Sotheby's as so eager to keep a top client's business that staffers enabled him to pass himself off as an art dealer for tax purposes.
"Sotheby's violated the law and fleeced New York taxpayers out of millions just to boost its own sales," Attorney General Letitia James, a Democrat, said in a statement.
A message seeking comment was sent to Sotheby's.
The lawsuit comes after the collector's art holding company, a British Virgin Islands-based concern called Porsal Equities Ltd., settled with the attorney general's office in 2018. Porsal agreed to pay $10.75 million in taxes, damages and penalties over allegations that it skirted sales tax on more than $50 million in art buys from various entities in New York.
The attorney general's office hasn't publicly identified the collector. The lawsuit describes him as someone who runs a successful shipping business, fancies Latin American art, lives outside the U.S. and has homes around the world, including a New York City apartment.
According to the lawsuit, he made a 2010 visit to Sotheby's New York City headquarters and met a junior staffer keen to cultivate him as a client. After the collector asked why some art purchases aren't subject to sales tax, she provided him with what's known as a "resale certificate" form and partly filled it out.
The document is meant to provide a tax exemption only to art dealers buying items for their business inventory and resale. Other buyers generally owe New York state and city sales tax on art purchased and delivered in the city.
The staffer — and, over time, more than 20 colleagues — knew the client was buying art for his own enjoyment, according to the lawsuit. She arranged to have some pieces installed at his Manhattan apartment, and she and some coworkers went there to see a $5.7 million Basquiat painting he bought via Sotheby's in 2012.
The collector, sometimes through Porsal Equities, bought $27 million worth of artwork through Sotheby's tax-free from 2010 to 2015, thanks to the resale certificates, the lawsuit said.
Among the purchases was a $1.4 million piece by Kapoor, whose work includes the stainless steel sculpture known as The Bean in Chicago's Millennium Park. Sales tax on the collector's 2010 Kapoor purchase alone would total over $126,000, according to the lawsuit.
It seeks unspecified damages and penalties.

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"... whereas the geometers prove their propositions by fixed and incontestable principles, here the principles are verified by the conclusions to be drawn from them; the nature of these things not allowing of this being done otherwise. It is always possible thereby to attain a degree of probability which very often is scarcely less than complete proof. To wit, when things which have been demonstrated by the principles that have been assumed correspond perfectly to the phenomena which experiment has brought under observation; especially when there are a great number of them, and further, principally, when one can imagine and foresee new phenomena which ought to follow from the hypotheses which one employs, and when one finds that therein the fact corresponds to our prevision. But if all these proofs of probability are met with in that which I propose to discuss, as it seems to me they are, this ought to be a very strong confirmation of the success of my inquiry; and it must be ill if the facts are not pretty much as I represent them."
Here we interpret and extend Huygens's methodology in the light of the discussion of rigidity, conditioning, and generalized conditioning in 1.7 and 1.8.
The thought is that you see an episode of observation, experiment, or reasoning as confirming or infirming a hypotheses depending on whether your probability for it increases or decreases during the episode, i.e., depending on whether your posterior probability, Q(H), is greater or less than your prior probability, P(H).
These are the factors by which prior probabilities P(H) or odds P(H)/P(-H) are multiplied to get the posterior probabilities Q(H) or posterior odds Q(H)/Q(-H).
S is confirmed against T, or T against S, depending on whether the odds factor is greater than 1, or less.
We will choose among these measures case by case, depending on which measure seems most illuminating.
Let H represent Huygens's principles and C the conclusions he drew from them--i.e., the conclusions which "verify" the principles.
So verification of C multiples H's probability by 1/P(C). Therefore it is the antecedently least probable conclusions whose unexpected verification raises H's probability the most. George Pólya put it: "More danger, more honor."
It only remains to clarify the rationale for updating P to Q by conditioning on C or on -C , i.e., setting Q(H) = P(H | +/- C) depending on whether what we observe assures us of C's truth or of its falsity. According to the analysis in 1.7, the warrant for this must be rigidity (sufficiency) of truth or falsity of C as evidence about H, assuring us that whatever information the observation provides over and above a bare report of C's truth or falsity has no further relevance to H. This is guaranteed if the information about C arrives in a pre-arranged 1-word telegram: "true," or "false." But if the observers are the very people whose judgmental states are to be updated by the transition from P to Q, the possibility must be considered that the information about H conveyed by the observation will overflow the package provided by the sentence +/- C.
No matter what else observation might reveal about the circumstances of C's falsity, H would remain refuted.
But overflow is possible in case of a positive result, verification of C. In this case, observation may provide further information that complicates matters by removing our warrant to update by conditioning.
Example: the Green Bean, yet again.
H: the next bean will be lime-flavored.
C: the next bean will be green.
You know that half the beans in the bag are green, all the lime-flavored ones are green, and the green ones are equally divided between lime and mint flavors. So P(C) = 1/2 = P(H | C), and P(H) = 1/4. But although Q(C) = 1, your probability Q(H) for lime can drop below P(H)=1/4 instead of rising to 1/2 = P(H | C) -- e.g. if, when you see that the bean is green you also get a whiff of mint, or also see that it has a special shade of green that you have found to be associated with the mint-flavored ones.
"On the basis of Newton's theory, the astronomers tried to compute the motions of ... the planet Uranus; the differences between theory and observation seemed to exceed the admissible limits of error. Some astronomers suspected that these deviations may be due to the attraction of a planet revolving beyond Uranus' orbit, and the French astronomer Leverrier investigated this conjecture more thoroughly than his colleagues. Examining the various explanations proposed, he found that there was just one that could account for the observed irregularities in Uranus' motion: the existence of an extra-Uranian planet [sc., Neptune]. He tried to compute the orbit of such a hypothetical planet from the irregularities of Uranus. Finally Leverrier succeeded in assigning a definite position in the sky to the hypothetical planet [say, with a 1 margin of error]. He wrote about it to another astronomer whose observatory was the best equipped to examine that portion of the sky. The letter arrived on the 23rd of September 1846 and in the evening of the same day a new planet was found within one degree of the spot indicated by Leverrier. It was a large ultra-Uranian planet that had approximately the mass and orbit predicted by Leverrier."
We treated Huygens's conclusion as a strict deductive consequence of his principles. But Pólya made the more realistic assumption that Leverrier's prediction C (a bright spot near a certain point in the sky at a certain time) was highly probable but not 100%, given his H (i.e., Newton's laws and observational data about Uranus). So P(C | H)~ 1; and presumably the rigidity condition was satisfied so that Q(C | H)~ 1, too. Then verification of C would have raised H's probability by a factor ~ 1/P(C), which is large if the prior probability P(C) of Leverrier's prediction was ~ 0.
Pólya offers a reason for regarding 1/P(C) as at least 180 -- and perhaps as much as 13131: The accuracy of Leverrier's prediction proved to be better than 1 , and the probability of a randomly selected point on a circle or on a sphere being closer than 1 to a previously specified point is 1/180 for a circle, and about 1/13131 for a sphere. Favoring the circle is the fact that the orbits of all known planets lay in a common plane ("of the ecliptic"). Then the great circle cut out by that plane gets the lion's share of probability. Thus, if P(C) is half of 1%, H's probability factor will be about 200.
In Pólya's story, Leverrier loosened Huygens's tight hypothetico-deductive reasoning by backing off from deductive certainty to values of P(C | H) falling somewhat short of 1 -- which he treated as approximately 1. But what is the effect of different shortfalls?
Similarly, we can back off from observational certainty to Q(C) values less than 1. What if the confirming observation had raised the probability of Leverrier's C from a prior value of half of 1% to some posterior value short of 1; say, Q(C) = 95%. Surely that would that have increased H's probability by a factor smaller than Pólya's 200; but how much smaller?
Again, it would be more realistic to tell the story in terms of a point prediction with stated imprecision -- say, +/- 1 . (In fact the new planet was observed within that margin, i.e., 57' from the point.) As between two theories that make such predictions, the one making the more precise prediction can be expected to gain the more from a confirming observation. But how much more?
The following formula for H's probability factor, with is due to John Burgess, answers such questions provided C and -C satisfy the rigidity condition.
The sign distinguishes confirmation (+) from infirmation (-, "negative confirmation").
Exercises. What does sc reduce to in these cases?
(d) P(C) = 0 or 1, i.e., prior certainty about C.
To see the effect of precision, suppose that C predicts that a planet will be found within +/- e of a certain point in the sky --a prediction that is definitely confirmed, within the limits of observational error. Thus P(C | H) = Q(C) = 1, and P(C) increases with e. Here sc(H,C) = P(-C)/P(C) = the prior odds against C, and H's probability factor is 1/P(C). Thus, if it was thought certain that the observed position would be in the plane of the ecliptic, P(C) might well be proportional to e, P(C) = ke.
Exercise. (e) On this assumption of proportionality, what happens to H's probability factor when e doubles?
Skeptical conclusions about scientific hypothesis-testing are often drawn from the presumed arbitrariness of answers to the question of which to give up -- theory, or auxiliary hypothesis -- when they jointly contradict empirical data. The problem, addressed by Duhem in the first years of the 20th century, was agitated by Quine in mid-century. As drawn by some of Quine's readers, the conclusion depends on his assumption that aside from our genetical and cultural heritage, deductive logic is all we've got to go on when it comes to theory testing. That would leave things pretty much as Descartes saw them, just before the mid-17th century emergence in the hands of Fermat, Pascal, Huygens and others of the probabilistic ("Bayesian") methodology that Jon Dorling has brought to bear on various episodes in the history of science.
The conclusion is one that scientists themselves generally dismiss, thinking they have good reason to evaluate the effects of evidence as they do, but regarding formulation and justification of such reasons as someone else's job -- the methodologist's. Here is an introduction to Dorling's work on the job, using extracts from his important but still unpublished 1982 paper.
It is presented here in terms of probability factors. Assuming rigidity relative to D, the probability factor for a theory T against an alternative theory S is the left-hand side of the following equation. The right-hand side is called the likelihood ratio. The equation follows from the quotient rule.
"Now the experimenters argued that one way in which A might easily be false was if the mirror of one or the other of the telescopes had distorted in the heat, and this was much more likely to have happened with the larger mirror belonging to the telescope which confirmed R than with the smaller mirror belonging to the telescope which confirmed T. Now the effect of mirror distortion of the kind envisaged would be to shift the recorded images of the stars from the positions predicted by T to or beyond those predicted by R. Hence P(D | T-A) was regarded as having an appreciable value, while, since it was very hard to think of any similar effect which could have shifted the positions of the stars in the other telescope from those predicted by R to those predicted by T, P(D | R-A) was regarded as negligibly small, hence the result as overall a decisive confirmation of T and refutation of R." ( 4) Thus in (3) we have f(T,R) >> 1.
The characterization of D yields the first two of the following equations. In conjunction with the characterization of A it also yields P(D | T-A) = 1, for if A is false, Holt's apparatus was not sensitive enough to detect the correlations that would have been present according to T; and it yields P(D | R-A) = 1 because of the wild improbability of the apparatus "hallucinating" those specific correlations.
Then with a prior probability 4/5 for adequate sensitivity of Holt's apparatus, the odds between quantum theory and the local hidden variable theories shift strongly in favor of the latter, e.g., with prior odds 45:55 between T and R, the posterior odds are only 9:55, a 14% probability for T.
so the odds on A fall from 4:1 to 2.2:1; the probability of A falls from 80% to 69%. Holt is not prepared to publish with better than a 30% chance that his apparatus could have missed actual quantum mechanical correlations; the swing to R depends too much on a prior confidence in the experimental setup that is undermined by the same thing that caused the swing.
Now why did Clauser publish?
Starting from the low 9:55 to which T's odds fell after Holt's experiment, odds after Clauser's experiment will be 909:110, an 89% probability for T.
This raises the initially even odds on C to 15:1, raises the probability from 50% to 94%, and lowers the 50% probability of the effect's being due to chance down to 6 or 7 percent.
These formulas apply to ( 1) "a famous episode from the history of astronomy which clearly illustrated striking asymmetries in `normal' scientists' reactions to confirmation and refutation. This particular historical case furnished an almost perfect controlled experiment from a philosophical point of view, because owing to a mathematical error of Laplace, later corrected by Adams, the same observational data were first seen by scientists as confirmatory and later as disconfirmatory of the orthodox theory. Yet their reactions were strikingly asymmetric: what was initially seen as a great triumph and of striking evidential weight in favour of the Newtonian theory, was later, when it had to be re-analyzed as disconfirmatory after the discovery of Laplace's mathematical oversight, viewed merely as a minor embarrassment and of negligible evidential weight against the Newtonian theory. Scientists reacted in the `refutation' situation by making a hidden auxiliary hypothesis, which had previously been considered plausible, bear the brunt of the refutation, or, if you like, by introducing that hypothesis's negation as an apparently ad hoc face-saving auxiliary hypothesis."
D: the observed secular acceleration of the moon.
The general drift: t = 1 because with A false, truth or falsity of T is irrelevant to D, and t = 50s because in plausible partitions of -T into rival theories predicting lunar accelerations, P(R | -T) = 2% where R is the disjunction of rivals not embarrassed by D.
Thus the prior odds 900:100 on T barely decrease, to 900:103; the new probability of T, 900/1003, agrees with the original 90% to two decimal places. But odds on the auxiliary hypothesis A drop sharply, from prior 3:2 to posterior 3/1000, i.e., the probability of A drops from 60% to about three tenths of 1%.
"Until recently there was no adequate theory available of how scientists should change their beliefs in the light of evidence. Standard logic is obviously inadequate to solve this problem unless supplemented by an account of the logical relations between degrees of belief which fall short of certainty. Subjective probability theory provides such an account and is the simplest such account that we possess. When applied to the celebrated Duhem (or Duhem-Quine) problem and to the related problem of the use of ad hoc, or supposedly ad hoc, hypotheses in science, it yields an elegant solution. This solution has all the properties which scientists and philosophers might hope for. It provides standards for the validity of informal deductive reasoning comparable to those which traditional logic has provided for the validity of informal deductive reasoning. These standards can be provided with a rationale and justification quite independent of any appeal to the actual practice of scientists, or to the past success of such practices. [Here a long footnote explains the Putnam-Lewis Dutch book argument for conditioning.] Nevertheless they seem fully in line with the intuitions of scientists in simple cases and with the intuitions of the most experienced and most successful scientists in trickier and more complex cases. The Bayesian analysis indeed vindicates the rationality of experienced scientists' reactions in many cases where those reactions were superficially paradoxical and where the relevant scientists themselves must have puzzled over the correctness of their own intuitive reactions to the evidence. It is clear that in many such complex situations many less experienced commentators and critics have sometimes drawn incorrect conclusions and have mistakenly attributed the correct conclusions of the experts to scientific dogmatism. Recent philosophical and sociological commentators have sometimes generalized this mistaken reaction into a full-scale attack on the rationality of men of science, and as a result have mistakenly looked for purely sociological explanations for many changes in scientists' beliefs, or the absence of such changes, which were in fact, as we now see, rationally de rigeur.
1 "Someone is trying decide whether or not T is true. He notes that T is a consequence of H. Later he succeeds in proving that H is false. How does this refutation affect the probability of T?" In particular, what is P(T)-P(T|~ H)?
2 "We are trying to decide whether or not T is true. We derive a sequence of consequences from T, say C1, C2, C3, ... . We succeed in verifying C1, then C2, then C3, and so on. What will be the effect of these successive verifications on the probability of T?" In particular, setting P(T|C1&C2&... Cn-1&Cn) = pn, what is the probability factor pn/pn+1?
3 Four Fallacies. Each of the following plausible rules is unreliable. Find counterexamples to (b), (c), and (d) on the model of the one for (a) given below.
(a) If D confirms T, and T implies H, then D confirms H. Counterexample: in an eight-ticket lottery, let D mean that the winner is ticket 2 or 3, T that it is 3 or 4, H that it is neither 1 nor 2.
(b) If D confirms H and T separately, it must confirm their conjunction, T&H.
(c) If D and E each confirm H, then their conjunction, E&F, must also confirm H.
(d) If D confirms a conjunction, T&H, then it can't infirm each conjunct separately.
Sec. 2.2: "More danger, more honor." See George Pólya, Patterns of Plausible Inference, 2nd ed., Princeton University Press 1968, vol. 2, p. 126.
Sec. 2.4. See Pólya, op. cit., pp. 130-132.
Sec. 2.6. See Jon Dorling, "Bayesian personalism, the methodology of research programmes, and Duhem's problem" Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 10(1979)177-187.
More along the same lines: Michael Redhead, "A Bayesian reconstruction of the methodology of scientific research programmes," Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 11(1980)341-347.
Dorling's unpublished paper from which excerpts appear here in sec. 2.7 - 2.10 is "Further illustrations of the Bayesian solution of Duhem's problem" (29 pp., photocopied, 1982). References here (" 4" etc.) are to the numbered sections of that paper.
Dorling's work is also discussed in Colin Howson and Peter Urbach, Scientific Reasoning: the Bayesian approach (Open Court, La Salle, Illinois, 2nd ed., 1993).
Sec. 2.10, the Putnam-Lewis Dutch book argument (i.e., for conditioning as the only legitimate updating policy). Putnam stated the result, or, anyway, a special case, in a 1963 Voice of America Broadcast, "Probability and Confirmation", reprinted in his Mathematics, Matter and Method, Cambridge University Press (1975)293-304. Paul Teller, "Conditionalization and observation", Synthese 26(1973)218-258, reports--and attributes to David Lewis--a general argument to that effect which Lewis had devised as a reconstruction of what Putnam must have had in mind.
Sec. 2.11. Problems 1 and 2 are from George Pólya, "Heuristic reasoning and the theory of probability", American Mathematical Monthly48(1941)450-465. Problem 3 relates to Carl G. Hempel's "Studies in the logic of confirmation", Mind 54(1945)1-26 and 97-121. Reprinted in Hempel's Aspects of Scientific Explanation, The Free Press, New York, 1965.
Please write to bayesway@princeton.edu with any comments or suggestions.


text:
ETSC
Rare Species Guide
Rallus elegans Audubon, 1834
MN Status:
Federal Status:
USFS:
Rallidae
Habitats:
Wet Meadow/Carr, Marsh
(Mouse over a habitat for definition)
Map Interpretation
Basis for Listing
King rails are widespread throughout the eastern United States, breeding from the Atlantic Coast westward to the Great Plains and from the Gulf Coast north to Ontario, the Great Lakes states, and the eastern parts of the Dakotas. Although their historic range is not known to have changed, severe declines have been reported in the northern part of the species' range. Populations in the southern United States, particularly in Florida and Louisiana, appear stable.
In Minnesota, the king rail has occurred at widely scattered localities in the southern half of the state. One notable exception is a summer record from Duluth in 1984 (not depicted on range map). Roberts (1932) referred to an observer finding nine nests in 1898 in Faribault County and a pair nesting in nearly every prairie slough. Roberts himself considered the king rail a regular species in Hennepin County and common at Heron Lake in Jackson County. From 1940 to 1970, the king rail declined significantly across its range in southern Minnesota, with nesting records reported from only 15 counties (Green and Janssen 1975).
Between 1970 and 1980, only three breeding season records of king rails were recorded. As a result of this decline, the king rail was designated a state special concern species in 1984. Only two breeding season records were recorded between 1980 and 2000, including a 1992 record from Hennepin County. The loss and degradation of wetland habitats has probably contributed to the species' decline, although previously occupied sites that still appear suitable are not being used. As a result of the continuing decline, the king rail was reclassified as an endangered species in Minnesota in 1996.
The king rail, with its strongly barred flanks and long, slightly curved bill, is similar in appearance to the much more common Virginia rail (Rallus limicola). King rails however, are much larger in size, have rusty-brownish cheeks, and a darker bill. The king rail is a secretive marsh bird usually detected by its raucous and variable calls. King rail calls are generally much deeper than the similar sounding calls of the Virginia rail.
Throughout their range, king rails are found in a wide variety of shallow freshwater, brackish, or saltwater marshes. A complex of wetland types is ideal for breeding, as densely vegetated sites are used for nesting, and drier areas are used for foraging by pairs and their broods (Reid 1989). It has been suggested that king rail distribution may be dependent on the muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus), whose activities in marshes create openings used as feeding areas by rails (Meanley 1992).
Biology / Life History
King rails overwinter in tidewater areas along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts. They migrate individually, returning to the summer breeding grounds in late April. Males establish small territories that they defend from other rails. Often one or more symbolic nests are built in a territory before the true nest is made. Nests are usually placed in a clump of grass on a platform the birds have constructed. Vegetation surrounding the nest may be pulled over the nest to form a canopy. Males take the most active role in nest building, and both sexes incubate the eggs. King rails have large broods, averaging 10-11 eggs. Chicks are precocial, and leave the nest about an hour after hatching. During their first 3 weeks, chicks are fed by their parents, but soon begin to find food on their own. They generally become independent of the adults by late summer. Most king rails depart for overwintering grounds in fall, although in the southern portion of their range, some individuals may remain on the breeding grounds year-round. The species feeds mainly on crustaceans and aquatic insects, but it will also eat mollusks and fish if they are abundant and easy to catch. Small animals are swallowed whole, but large prey items are broken into pieces before being eaten or fed to the young (Meanley 1992).
Conservation / Management
Programs aimed at halting the destruction and degradation of marshes will benefit the king rail as well as many other species. However, wetland management regimes that benefit king rails differ from those typically planned for waterfowl, as wetlands of greatest value to rails are shallower and have a greater percentage of emergent vegetation cover than those managed for waterfowl.
Conservation Efforts in Minnesota
With only three summer observations reported between 1980-2008, the king rail appears to be all but extirpated as a nesting species in Minnesota. Efforts should be made to determine more precisely the current status of this species in Minnesota. It is remotely possible that king rails still occur in the state, particularly in the extensive, remote marshes along the Mississippi River in southeastern Minnesota.
References and Additional Information
Green, J. C., and R. B. Janssen. 1975. Minnesota birds: where, when, and how many. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, Minnesota. 217 pp.
Meanley, B. 1992. King Rail (Rallus elegans). Number 3 in A. Poole, P. Stettenheim, and F. Gills, editors. The birds of North America. The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Reid, F. A. 1989. Differential habitat use by waterbirds in a managed wetland complex. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri. 240 pp.
Roberts, T. S. 1932. Birds of Minnesota. Volume 2. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, Minnesota; London, H. Milford, Oxford Universtiy Press.


text:
""" Symbol AST nodes.

Examples:
- Variables
- parameters
- local variables
- constants and named types.
"""

class Symbol:
    """Symbol is the base class for all named things like variables,
    functions, constants and types and modules"""

    def __init__(self, name: str, typ):
        self.name = name
        self.typ = typ

    @property
    def is_subroutine(self):
        return isinstance(self, SubRoutine)

class Program(Symbol):
    """ A module contains functions, types, consts and global variables """

    def __init__(self, name, inner_scope, location):
        super().__init__(name, None)
        self.location = location
        self.imports = []
        self.inner_scope = inner_scope

    @property
    def types(self):
        """ Get the types in this module """
        return self.inner_scope.types

    @property
    def constants(self):
        """ Get the constants in this module """
        return self.inner_scope.constants

    @property
    def variables(self):
        """ Get the variables in this module """
        return self.inner_scope.variables

    @property
    def functions(self):
        """ Get all the functions that are defined in this module """
        return self.inner_scope.functions

    def __repr__(self):
        return "Program {}".format(self.name)

# duplicates DefinedType?
# class NamedType(Symbol):
#     """ Some types are named, for example a user defined type (typedef)
#         and built in types.
#     """

#     def __init__(self, name, typ):
#         super().__init__(name)
#         self.typ = typ

class DefinedType(Symbol):
    """ A named type indicating another type """

    def __init__(self, name, typ, loc):
        assert isinstance(name, str)
        super().__init__(name, typ)
        self.loc = loc

    def __repr__(self):
        return '"{0}" -> "{1}"'.format(self.name, self.typ)

class Constant(Symbol):
    """ Constant definition """

    def __init__(self, name, typ, value, location):
        super().__init__(name, typ)
        self.value = value
        self.location = location

    def __repr__(self):
        return "CONSTANT {0} = {1}".format(self.name, self.value)

class Variable(Symbol):
    """ A variable, either global or local """

    def __init__(self, name: str, typ, initial_value, location):
        super().__init__(name, typ)
        # assert isinstance(typ)
        self.initial_value = initial_value
        self.isLocal = False
        self.isParameter = False
        self.location = location
        self.ival = None

    def __repr__(self):
        return "Var {} [{}]".format(self.name, self.typ)

class EnumValue(Symbol):
    def __init__(self, name: str, typ, value, location):
        super().__init__(name, typ)
        self.value = value
        self.location = location

    def __repr__(self):
        return "enum-value({})".format(self.value)

class FormalParameter(Variable):
    def __init__(self, name: str, typ, loc):
        super().__init__(name, typ, None, loc)
        self.isParameter = True

class BuiltIn(Symbol):
    def __init__(self, name, typ):
        super().__init__(name, typ)

# Procedure types
class SubRoutine(Symbol):
    @property
    def is_function(self):
        return isinstance(self, Function)

    @property
    def is_procedure(self):
        return isinstance(self, Procedure)

class Function(SubRoutine):
    """ Actual implementation of a function """

    def __init__(self, name: str, location):
        super().__init__(name, None)
        self.location = location

    def __repr__(self):
        return "Func {}".format(self.name)

class Procedure(SubRoutine):
    """ Actual implementation of a function """

    def __init__(self, name: str, location):
        super().__init__(name, None)
        self.location = location

    def __repr__(self):
        return "Func {}".format(self.name)

class RecordFieldProxy(Symbol):
    def __init__(self, name: str, typ, location):
        super().__init__(name, typ)
        self.location = location

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Een lijnvermenigvuldiging (ook wel axiale vermenigvuldiging) is een afbeelding (transformatie) van het euclidische vlak op zichzelf, waarbij twee vaste rechte lijnen  en , die niet evenwijdig zijn, en een reëel getal  een rol spelen bij het bepalen van het beeldpunt  van een punt  in dat vlak.

Het beeld  van ieder punt  bij een lijnvermenigvuldiging  wordt als volgt bepaald (zie figuur 1):
 Het punt  (verderop ter onderscheid, bij een punt , ook wel geschreven als ) is het snijpunt met de lijn  van de lijn  die door het punt  gaat en die evenwijdig is met de lijn .
 Het punt  ligt zó op de lijn  dat .
 Als  is, dan liggen  en  aan dezelfde kant van . Is , dan liggen  en  aan verschillende kanten van  (het punt  ligt dan op het lijnstuk ).

Naamgeving
De lijn  is de affiniteitsas (of collineatie-as) van , kortweg ook wel de as van . De (richting van de) lijn  is de richting van . Het getal  is de (vermenigvuldigings)factor van .

Als  en  niet loodrecht op elkaar staan, dan is  scheef: een scheve lijnvermenigvuldiging ten opzichte van de as  met richting .

Als  loodrecht staat op , dan is  recht (of orthogonaal): een rechte lijnvermenigvuldiging ten opzichte van de as . In dit laatste geval wordt het woord 'rechte' soms weggelaten.

Als  is, is  de zogeheten identieke afbeelding: voor ieder punt  is dan .

Een andere definitie

De factor  kan ook worden vastgelegd door een gegeven punt  en het beeldpunt  daarvan. Deze punten worden meestal op de lijn  gekozen.

Liggen  en  daarbij aan verschillende kanten van  (het snijpunt van  en ), dan is  negatief; zie figuur 2, waarin .

N.B. Als het getal  op deze manier wordt vastgelegd, is de lijnvermenigvuldiging van een punt geheel met passer en (ongemerkte) liniaal uit te voeren. Het op de lijn  liggend punt  van de verbindingslijn tussen  en het te vermenigvuldigen punt  speelt daarbij een 'intermediërende' rol.

Eigenschappen
In deze paragraaf is  een scheve of rechte lijnvermenigvuldiging t.o.v. de as , met richting  en met .
De lijn  is invariant onder : voor ieder punt  van  is .
De lijn  wordt niet puntsgewijs op zichzelf afgebeeld: voor ieder punt  van  geldt dat  op de lijn  ligt, waarbij dan  (als , dan is , en die waarde is uitgesloten).
Een rechte lijn wordt door  afgebeeld op een rechte lijn. Het snijpunt van een lijn en diens beeldlijn ligt op de lijn  (mits die lijn niet evenwijdig is met ).
Een deelverhouding  op een lijnstuk is gelijk aan de (door  ingesneden) deelverhouding op het beeldlijnstuk; zie figuur 3, waarin .
Evenwijdige lijnen worden door  afgebeeld op evenwijdige lijnen; zie figuur 4.
Op grond van deze eigenschappen behoren de lijnvermenigvuldigingen tot de zogeheten affiene transformaties van het vlak.

Twee toepassingen

1. Bij grafieken van functies (in een standaard -assenstelsel) wordt de lijnvermenigvuldiging gebruikt bij verticaal en horizontaal vermenigvuldigen van (de grafiek van) de functie (richtingverschaling); dat wil zeggen:
a. verticaal vermenigvuldigen – het toepassen van een (rechte) lijnvermenigvuldiging t.o.v. de -as;
b. horizontaal vermenigvuldigen – het toepassen van een (rechte) lijnvermenigvuldiging t.o.v. de -as.

Voorbeeld. In figuur 5 is de grafiek van de functie  weergegeven op het interval .
Het beeld van (de grafiek van)  is bepaald met de verticale vermenigvuldiging  waarbij ; daarbij is . De grafiek van het -beeld van de grafiek van  heeft daarmee het voorschrift:

In dezelfde figuur is op  ook de horizontale vermenigvuldiging  met  toegepast, beperkt tot het interval  op de -as. Daarbij is  en .

Is nu , voor , dan is:

zodat:
 en

Omdat zo'n punt  op de grafiek van  ligt, geldt ook:

Daaruit volgt door substitutie:

Het functievoorschrift van het -beeld van de (grafiek van de) functie  is dan:

2. In de meetkunde wordt de lijnvermenigvuldiging gebruikt bij de analytische behandeling van de ellips: het beeld van een cirkel bij een rechte (of scheve) lijnvermenigvuldiging t.o.v. een middellijn van die cirkel is namelijk een ellips.

Voorbeeld. Zie figuur 6, waarin  een middellijn is van de cirkel . De vergelijking van , met middelpunt  en straal , is in een standaard -assenstelsel:

Voor een punt  op  is , waarbij  de (veranderlijke) hoek is tussen de positieve -as en het lijnstuk  (met ).

Wordt op  de verticale vermenigvuldiging  toegepast met factor  (hier is ), dan geldt voor :
 of ook:
Dus is:

Kwadrateren geeft nu de relatie:

De meetkundige plaats van de punten  bij veranderende waarden van  heeft dan de vergelijking:

Dit is de vergelijking van een ellips met middelpunt  waarvan de lengtes van de halve assen gelijk zijn aan  en .

In figuur 6 is ook de cirkel , met middelpunt  en straal , weergegeven. Voor het snijpunt  van  met  is .

Wordt nu op de cirkel  de horizontale vermenigvuldiging  met factor  toegepast, dan geldt voor het beeldpunt  van :

En daaruit blijkt dat de horizontale vermenigvuldiging van de cirkel  hetzelfde effect heeft als de verticale vermenigvuldiging van de cirkel : in beide gevallen is dat de ellips met middelpunt  en halve assen  en .

Uitbreiding tot

De lijn  moet in de driedimensionale euclidische ruimte vervangen worden door een vlak  om ook in die ruimte een dergelijke vermenigvuldiging met richting  te kunnen definiëren: een vlakvermenigvuldiging . De lijn  moet daarbij het vlak  snijden.

De constructie van het beeldpunt  van  gaat in dit geval als volgt; zie figuur 7.
De lijn  gaat door het punt  en is evenwijdig met de lijn .
Het punt  is het snijpunt van de lijn  met het vlak .
Het punt  ligt zó op de lijn  dat . Als  is, dan liggen  en  aan dezelfde kant van ; is , dan liggen  en  aan verschillende kanten van  (dus aan verschillende kanten van het vlak ).

Zie ook
Verschalen (meetkunde)
Homothetie (meetkunde)
Lineaire transformatie
Parametervergelijking
Toegevoegde middellijnen bij een ellips
Constructie van Rytz van toegevoegde middellijnen
Projectie (wiskunde)

Externe links
Math4all: Functies en grafieken, Transformaties. Via de website.
: Affiene afbeeldingen van het vlak op zichzelf. Via de website PandD.

Meetkunde
Grafiek

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Learn somethingM&S chairman Archie Norman on the future of retail after COVID-19
M&S chairman Archie Norman on the future of retail after COVID-19
Freelance content creator & event host
Posted: Wed 27th May 2020
Archie Norman is one of Britain's leading businessmen. He has led transformations of major British businesses and served on the Boards of several others.He was also an MP for eight years and worked at the highest level in British politics. In 2017 Archie was appointed chairman of Marks and Spencer.
Archie joined an exclusive webinar with Enterprise Nation founder Emma Jones to answer questions on how he feels retail might emerge from the coronavirus crisis and offer advice for founders on how to emerge from this phase with a stronger business.
We've summarised his main tips below and the full recording is above.
The impact of COVID-19 on retail
Archie believes the impact of the pandemic on UK retail will be felt for many months to come. "We shouldn't think in terms of three months or one month - it's about getting through the next 18 months to two years."
"Everything we saw happening before is going to be accelerated," he added. "Just as some retailers were struggling, they've now failed faster and just as some high streets were changing, they're now going to change faster. Online is also growing faster. M&S is now a pure play online business. We have to think like a pure play."
Perception of brands after coronavirus
There have been many examples of positive and negative ways in which big companies have dealt with the impact of coronavirus in terms of how they've treated customers and employees.
Asked if he believes consumers will remember those actions when deciding which companies to do business with in the future, he said: "In retail, there has generally been community and profit sacrificing spirit. Will people remember that? I think people will remember if they see it's core to what the business is, if it's what the company is like in 1-2 years time.
"Brand isn't what you do with TV advertising; it's in the culture. When I was at Asda I thought I could go in blindfolded and tell how the store was performing, hear how employees are behaving. If that culture is there and if what you're doing for the community is genuinely part of that, you'll have something special."
Reopening stores safely
Many retailers are preparing to reopen as lockdown measures are eased based on safety guidance issued by the government.
On his experiences of safety in store, Archie said: "My one observation is we've been running food shops throughout the crisis with 50,000 people. As far as we can tell we've had no higher infection than the national average, the evidence is that it has been safe to work.
"You should keep reminding your people of the core medical advice and observe it properly. It has been quite clear shopping has been manageable."
Regenerating High Streets
Archie admitted that Marks and Spencer is planning to close stores and when that happens "it all tips into each other and it's no longer a destination. It's a tragedy."
He said problems for UK High Streets include "business rates going up and up, rents the same, councils not accepting it's happening".
To solve the issues he said "local authorities should generate a really strong regeneration scheme - repurposing high streets as residential, catering, leisure. You can't do it bit by bit, you need a big scheme. I'd like to see a contested process where people bid for funds based on the best scheme, government backs them and gives planning leeway and areas get business rate free period to encourage businesses back in."
Saving failing businesses
Archie is well known as a business turnaround expert but what's it like to have that role?
"Turnaround is the polite word, what you mean is a failing business. I've never been offered a job in a thriving business, they tend to be turnarounds. To take on very difficult situations, it's not a happy clappy event, most turnarounds don't turnaround.
"You've got to be thick skinned and prepared to go through the fire. You've got to be unbelievably tough at times, relentless with people who don't want to change. People often just read a good book on leadership and do nice things but forget the floor boards are tumbling below their feet.
"I really hope in two or three years when M&S has gone through transformation my role will change completely and I can put my feet up on the boardroom table."
I'm a freelance content creator and event host who helps small businesses and the organisations that support them. I have 18 years of experience as a small business journalist having interviewed hundreds of entrepreneurs from billionaires like Sir Richard Branson to the founders behind brand new start-ups. I've worked for a range of leading small business publications and support groups, most recently as head of content at Enterprise Nation where I was responsible for the prolific output of content on the company's blog and social media. I'm based in Bristol where I run and host regular events with the local small business community and have strong connections to major business organisations in the south west region. In total, I've hosted over 50 events; from intimate meet-ups to conferences with an audience of hundreds including events for international brands like Facebook and Xero. I'm also a big fan of podcasts having hosted Enterprise Nation's Small Business Sessions as well as lots of online events including Facebook Live interviews, webinars and three live web chats from inside 10 Downing Street. With my partner, I co-run Lifestyle District, a lifestyle blog focused on culture, art, theatre and photography. I'm here to help. I'm volunteering free advice calls of up to an hour as part of the Recovery Advice for Business scheme, over the next 6 months. Please get in touch to see how I can help your business.


text:
Browse > Home / Atheism / Are You Smarter Than an Atheist?
Are You Smarter Than an Atheist?
by Jimmy Akin
Are you smarter than an atheist? I am, at least according to a quiz put out by the Pew Forum on Religious and Public Life.
The quiz has 32 questions, of which atheists in America got an average of 20.9 questions right. American Jews got 20.5, American Mormons 20.3, American Protestants 16.0, and American Catholics 14.7.
I got all of them, but that's nothing special since this is the field I work in professionally. I'm expected to know my own field. Give me a comparable quiz on another topic and watch the number plummet. I can say with great confidence that if you gave me a 32-question quiz on sports—something many people would do very well on—I would be lucky to get even a handful of questions right.
However, what are we to make of the numbers regarding the different groups? Pretty dismal for Catholics, right?
Not necessarily; it depends on what you mean.
This is not a case of "Catholics don't know their own faith but other groups do know theirs." The quiz is not religion-specific. It's pan-religious. So the majority of questions on the quiz do not relate to the faith of the person taking the quiz, but to other people's faiths. And therein lies a significant reason for why the numbers line up as they do.
What do the three high-scoring groups have in common? They are all religious minorities in America. That's significant because a religious minority has special reason not only to understand its own religion (so as to reinforce its intra-group religious identity) but also to understand the religions of those around it (because of the need to understand how to interact with the majority religion that surrounds it). A person in a religious minority has special reason to understand both the basics of his own faith and the basics of the majority faith. A person in the majority faith has special reason only to understand the latter.
A Jew in Israel or an atheist in China would have less reason to know the basics of Christianity than a Jew or an atheist in America.
When you look at the two mainstream American religious groups—Protestants and Catholics—they score both less than the minorities and quite close to each other (only 1.3 questions separating them, which may well be within the poll's margin of error).
Then there's selection bias in who chose to take the poll. Perhaps atheists are more motivated to take a (rather long) 32-question quiz than Catholics. Who knows? This is a perennial problem of surveys.
The questions in the poll are also likely to distort results in other ways, too. I counted at least three questions that were Mormon-specific but only two that were Catholic-specific. Who is that going to advantage?
There were also three questions on what public school teachers are and aren't allowed to do in America regarding religion. That is a subject that atheists will be far more focused on (and thus likely to get right) than ordinary Christians. (It's also worth noting that Catholics have their own parallel school system and many do not even use the public schools, giving them less reason to be familiar with the details of what is allowed.)
These last questions also aren't actually about religion but about American politics regarding religion. Something similar applies to another set of three questions regarding what the majority religion is in particular countries (India, Indonesia, Pakistan). Those aren't questions about religion but about the demographics of other countries. (Hey, everybody! Quick! What's the majority religion in Gambia? It sure tells you a lot about religion if you happen to know that the answer is Islam, doesn't it? You're much more informed about religion if you know that.)
So...it's not the most informative quiz in terms of religious knowledge. Nor is the news for Catholics as bad as the raw numbers suggest. The quiz simply isn't a test of how much Catholics know about their own faith.
That's not to say that Catholic religious education hasn't been a disaster in the last generation. It has been. It's not exclusively the fault of the clerical class. Parents in many families did not do their part to see to their children receiving a proper religious education. But when many elements of the clerical class have been actively and deliberately subverting the teaching of Catholic doctrine, it's going to contribute to the poor state of religious knowledge among Catholics today.
One bit of sort-of-encouraging news from the Pew survey was that 55% of Catholics were able to correctly identify their Church's teaching regarding the status of bread and wine in the Eucharist. That's not nearly what it should be, but it's at least better than the Gallup poll a number of years ago that started the false rumor that it was far less.
This quiz isn't the greatest, but quizzes are fun, so have at it:
Take the quiz: Are you smarter than an atheist?
Originally posted at JimmyAkin.com. Used with author's permission.
(Image credit: Laugh Spin)
If you like the information I've presented here, you should join my Secret Information Club.
If you're not familiar with it, the Secret Information Club is a free service that I operate by email.
I send out information on a variety of fascinating topics connected with the Catholic faith.
In fact, the very first thing you'll get if you sign up is information about what Pope Benedict said about the book of Revelation.
He has a lot of interesting things to say!
If you'd like to find out what they are, just sign up at www.SecretInfoClub.com or use this handy sign-up form:
Just email me at jimmy@secretinfoclub.com if you have any difficulty.
In the meantime, what do you think?
If Catholicism is True, Then What?
I was an Atheist Until I Read "The Lord of the Rings"
Why Your Life Does Not Belong to You
Abortion, Souls, and the Atheist Conundrum
Do You Need God to Know That Abortion is Wrong?
Written by Jimmy Akin
Jimmy Akin is a Senior Apologist at Catholic Answers, a member on the Catholic Answers Speakers Bureau, a weekly guest on the global radio program, Catholic Answers LIVE, and a contributing editor for Catholic Answers Magazine. He's the author of numerous publications, including the books The Fathers Know Best (Catholic Answers, 2010); The Salvation Controversy (Catholic Answers, 2001); and Mass Confusion: The Do's & Don'ts of Catholic Worship (Catholic Answers, 1999). Many of Jimmy's books are also integrated into the Logos software. Follow Jimmy's writing at JimmyAkin.com.
Tags: atheism, catholicism, religious knowledge
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text:
Asbury University
Dayton School of Business
Southern Association of Colleges and Schools, Commission on Colleges
https://www.asbury.edu/academics/departments/business/
Asbury University is a private, Christian, Liberal Arts university that has educated students since 1890. Their mission is to "provide a rigorous, student-centric education that emphasizes collaboration, critical and innovative thinking while cultivating integrity and character." The business programs at Asbury integrate a Christian view of ethics, leadership, and stewardship with business fundamentals. Their unique curriculum focuses on the "triple bottom line" of profit, people, and purpose.
The Dayton School of Business gives undergraduate students the opportunity to earn their degree in Business Administration, Finance, Marketing, Accounting, or Sport Management. Minors are also available in Marketing, Sport Management, Economics, Accounting, Business, and Entrepreneurship. Class sizes generally range from 12-25 students making it easy to build strong relationships with professors and peers. The practical applications of what is being studied is an important aspect of all courses. This makes an easy transition from the classroom to real-world work situations.
One of the ways that students can get involved on-campus is through Adventure Leadership. The program is dedicated to leadership development in its participants in outdoor settings and with educational tools as support. An Outdoor Challenge Course has helped individuals and teams build their communication skills for over 20 years through a variety of obstacles suspended high in the trees of a beautiful hardwood forest. The Archways is a pre-orientation adventure trip for new students that includes camping, rock climbing, canoeing, hiking, and more. Students who enjoy these activities can even take their interest to the next level by choosing a major or minor in Adventure Education and Leadership.
The Dayton MBA is a 100% distance degree that can be completed in less than two years. The curriculum for this online Master's of Business Administration is designed to improve critical thinking, strategic decision making, and organizational proficiency. Building personal integrity, character, leadership, and ethical decision-making skills is also an important aspect of this degree.
There are four distinct delivery options that make it easy to find a degree that works for any schedule. The traditional MBA has students complete the majority of coursework online but culminates with a group capstone project. The Nonprofit Management track follows this same set-up but offers a focus on skills relevant to the nonprofit sector. Students who would like to complete their undergraduate and graduate degrees at an accelerated pace may choose the 4+1 MBA, which allows participants to begin taking MBA courses during their senior year. For students who may have more personal obligations and wish to work on a part-time basis MBA at Your Own Pace program sets students up to take one class per semester and complete their degree in four years.
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Is taking some time off before college right for you?


Driving the "City of Burbank"
While the speeds the City of Burbank attained are paled in comparision to speeds today, we felt in 1952 that with only 239 cubic inches, unblown, we could be pretty happy with the results. Even today, many machines with considerably more horsepower, albeit running in lesser streamlined classes, have difficulty in breaking the 200 mph mark. We were fortunate to breeze through that fifties barrier with seemingly little effort. Well, it seemed like very little effort once we were finally on the salt.
But first, we probably should add a bit to Geoffrey Hardin's chapters describing construction of the car (see the History page) with a few words about its final assembly. During the last week before Bonneville Speed Week, when most racers had loaded their cars on trailers and filled their trucks with tools, fuel, and supplies and had gone to Utah, we were still hard at work in Burbank putting finishing touches on the car. Mounting dzus fasteners and their individual mounting springs for all four wheel covers had yet to be done; mounting locking fixtures for the driver canopy was yet another chore; connecting some of the instruments needed to be completed, and there was a list of other minor yet time consuming projects. Saturday, when cars were going through safety inspection at Bonneville and Sunday when they were running on the salt, we were still working on the car in Burbank.
Sleep was an expensive luxury we could ill afford and soon realized we were not making enough headway. Body or muscle fatigue is one thing, but mental fatigue leads to mistakes and errors in workmanship and can cause pauses where nothing constructive is being accomplished. At the rate we were proceeding it might take another week to complete the car and the meet would be over. We decided to load all the supplies along with parts not yet completed and head for Wendover, feeling that once there and after a few hours sleep we might be in better shape to finish the car properly. Also, there was the possibility we might solicit a bit of help after arriving in Utah.
What we did not take into consideration was the fact that we had cut our sleep allowance down to three hours a night for last two months and we felt like walking zombies. I was down to 143 pounds, from 185 pounds and Willie had even lost a few pounds. In this state we began that boring drive of almost 700 miles over Walker Pass and across the seemingly endless desert. We took turns driving Bill Davis's pickup and I must admit the trailered race car, somewhat longer than the truck, must have sometimes weaved rather precariously across the highway. I can still remember that as we traversed that 120 mile stretch between Ely and Wendover it was not uncommon to drive only fifteen minutes before waking up the other partner to take his turn at the wheel.
 Finally we had to stop for a nap. As soon as the vehicle came to a stop we were sound asleep, sitting up, leaning against the doors. We slept for an hour before a semi-trailer blasted by and awoke both of us. Now, with our subconscious minds rested we were able to continue on to Wendover and as we topped White Horse Pass and began the downgrade toward the Utah state line, the sight of the white desert gave us new strength. In those days the whole desert was salty white. There were no brown mud areas.
Arriving in Wendover we checked into the A-1 Motel. This would be our first time to sleep in a motel in this town. In 1950 and again in 1951 we slept in old deserted Air Force barracks down by the railroad track.
It was now mid-morning on Tuesday. The sun was bright and we were too keyed up to sleep so we went right to work on the car in the motel parking lot. Electricity was available with extension cords so we began drilling and mounting the springs, backup plates and dzus fasteners for the four wheel covers. This was the largest and most time consuming project on our list. After fitting these covers over the wheel openings, the finally began to appear complete. The only item left was to find a way to secure the rear of the driver's compartment canopy which we finally did by mounting a couple of barrel bolts inside to be operated by the driver. Today we would not be allowed to secure a canopy in this fashion. Come to think of it, there were probably a number of features in the car that would not pass today's rigid safety inspection. We felt however, it was one of the safest cars to run on the salt in those days. The next day, early Wednesday afternoon, we towed the car to the salt and passed safety inspection with no problems. We were ready for our first run. Don Clark and Clem Tebow were there and ready to prepare the engine.
Ah, the engine. It was truly one of a kind. It consisted of a 239 cubic inch displacement 1948 Mercury 59A block. It was fitted with special domed pistons that extended up into the Adams-Moller overhead-valve cylinder heads. The valve arrangement in these heads was an adaptation of early BMW engine design. The intake pushrods, rockers, and valves worked in normal overhead fashion, while each exhaust rocker operated another pushrod located transversely in the head to move another rocker in the bottom of the head that actuated an exhaust valve. This arrangement allowed formation of a true hemispherical combustion chamber with the spark plug near the chamber's center. Rather ideal at the time. Tuning on alcohol with a touch of nitro, the engine put out 320 horsepower at 5200 rpm.
When Clark and Tebow (C-T Automotive) acquired the engine it did not have an induction system. They fabricated a simple slide-valve injection system whereby a 1/4" plate with holes corresponding to the intake ports in each head would slide forward, opening the access entrance to the intake ports where spray jets dumped raw fuel into the ports. This rather crude system was expected to work better in the upper rpm ranges but actually ended up working rather well at low and idle speeds when maneuvering around the pits and starting line area. As there were no adjustment capabilities for idle speeds a vise grip was clamped onto the end of the sliding plate on the left head where it extended beyond the front edge of the head casting thus allowing a minute opening into the port. This vise grip became a permanent part of the system.
 International Class "C" allows 305 cubic inches (6 liters) and it would have been interesting to see this 239 inch engine enlarged a bit to take advantage of additional power. However, it did prove to have enough power to handle the chore at hand. that of setting a new class "C" record. The time was now approaching for us to tackle that chore.
Sitting in the car while Clem and Don finished preparations for starting the engine, I felt a nudge as the push bar on Bill's truck made contact with the car's tail. The exhilaration and anticipation after eight months of drudgery seemed almost overwhelming. I was on an extreme emotional high and wished they would finish fussing around and get the show on the road. When this engine was cold it would not start on racing plugs, so hotter warmup spark plugs had to be installed for this test run. Finally, everyone was ready and they gave Bill the order to start pushing.
We began to roll across the salt in an area allocated for warmups which, incidentally, was quite large in those days with miles of hard smooth salt where one could make lengthy warmup runs before returning to the starting line and pit area. I finally heard Bill sound the horn which meant we were up to 40 miles per hour. Time to start.
I released the clutch pedal, felt the engine begin to turn, and heard Bill's truck groan a bit with the added compression of the Adams-Moller working against it. As soon as oil pressure came up I hit the switch. The engine fired immediately and we began to move under our own power; first time for the car and first time for the engine other than on the dynamometer. The engine had a much lower rather throaty tonr than I expected from such a small engine. With no engine cover or canopy I could hear its every sound quite easily. I went onlt a short distance, as planned, put it in neutral and brought the car to a stop with the engine running. Clem and Don hopped out of the truck and came around to se how the engine sounded. It seemed to be idling a bit high so Clem loosened and reclamped the vise grip for a better idle speed and I headed out onto the wide salt flat warm up area. After bringing the oil, coolant, and gears up to operating temperatures, I returned to the pit area where Don, Clem and Bill were making preparations for our first run down the course. Why not? It was getting a bit late on Wednesday afternoon and there was no reason not to go.
I was thrilled. Anticipation was high. Clem and Don changed spark plugs. Bill put in some fuel, and while the engine cover and wheel covers were being installed I became a bit antsy waiting for preparations to conclude so we could push the car up to the line. After the roadsters and other open-wheeled cars I had driven, I knew this was going to be a great experience. Finally, we were at rthe head of the line and it was our turn to go.
In 1952 there were no log books or driver licenses. The only rule governing allowable speeds for a new car or driver was that a cautious appproach be made during the first two miles with the car traveling as close as possible to a speed of 100 miles per hour as it passed through the first quarter-mile electronically-timed trap. This trap was the first quarter-mile of the third mile of the course. At this point and time, if the driver had not experienced any problems and the car felt good to him, he could, at his discretion, increase the speed during the third, fourth, anf fifth miles, each mile being timed separately. The driver would be the sole judge. As 200 mph speeds were rather infrequent in those days the governing body had not yet felt the need for more stringent rules regulating allowable speeds for new cars and/or drivers.
 Don and Clem figured out the tach reading for 100 mph in high (third) gear and we agreed to try for exactly 100 mph in the quarter-mile trap. After that I would be free to accelerate through the next two and three-quarter miles achieving whatever speeds the car seemed capable of safely.
Driver preparation in those days was no big deal. A tee shirt, Levi's, soft leather moccasins, and of course, my new Bell helmet. One had to think of safety! I knew the Bell was good because my old one wore off three layers of glass before the El Mirage surface pushed me up inside Holly Hedrick's tank, which I had managed to get upside down during its maiden run. Anyway, I climbed in and Bill pushed the canopy down on my helmet. I slid down another inch so I could slide the barrel bolts securing the canopy and I wondered at the time if I should not have made the rollbar a touch higher for a bit more room under the canopy, but then that was someting to think about later. Now we're ready to go.
I felt the push bar touch the car and we began to roll. The salt was so hard in those days the course ahead looked like a white highway with black boundry lines. The first quarter-mile was blackened from side to side with rubber after suffering four days of roadsters, coupes, sedans, and bikes spinning their wheels through the gears while accelerating. We ran the same course all week then as the salt was so thick and hard it felt better than the best smooth, hard, flat concrete highway. The adrenalin was really flowing now and it seemed like an eternity before I heard Bill sound the forty-mile-per-hour horn. Great ! I pushed the clutch pedal in, put the shift lever in low ( I thought) and let the clutch pedal out. The oil pressure came up rather slowly, not quickly like on the warmup run, but soon it was high enough and I hit the switch. The engine fired but there was not a great sensation of acceleration. I thought, "My God, maybe we took too much prep time and the engine is now too cold to fire these plugs, or maybe we're not getting enough fuel." But it seemed to be running, just not pulling very hard. I checked the oil pressure, and then the tachometer and realized, "Hey, stupid, you're in high gear, not low." I shifted into second and the car immediatly began to accelerate.
Now I became aware of a new sound, one that I had never heard before. The straight cut gears in the quick-change rearend wdere very noisy developing into a high pitched scream as the car went faster. In roadsters and other open wheeled cars the sound from under or at the rear of the car is seldom heard by the driver; the exhaust and windstream around the ddriver's helmet erases most chassis sounds. But here, enclosed inside, sitting beside the driveshaft with the rear axle housing just behind the seat (I could reach back and put a hand on the quick-change housing) it's no wonder the noise was so loud and so high. I had never been enclosed with a unit like this before so it was new sound, one I would become accustomed to and actually look forward to. Learning the sound of the gears would come in handy later because it would pretty much tell me how the engine was functioning. The sound of the gears was almost all-encompassing and drowned almost completely the sound of the engine exhaust and all other sounds of the car. Of course the tach has always been a reliable indicator of engine speeds, but this sound of the gears was like another tachometer, a rather subconscious one I didn't have to keep an eye on. It told me immediately if the engine lost or was losing power. Passing the one-mile marker I shifted back into high gear and as we settled down at 100 mph the sound of the gears, though loud, became constant.
 So now, cruising at 100 mph, as I approached the two-mile marker which is the same as today, the beginning of the first quarter-mile of timing, I moved the wheel a bit left and then right and the car moved accordingly left then right and when I relaxed my hands on the wheel it seemed to steer itself in a staight line as if it were on rails. I was favorably impressed with the handling and decided that after going through the quarter-mile trap I'd put the pedal down and try to build up our speed in a safe manner.
After passing the quarter-mile trap at what I hoped was close to 100 mph, I thought of shifting back to second gear. Earlier we had figured the car could go about 190 mph in second but then I forced myself to return to our original conservative plan and remained in high gear. With our transmission gears we had figured speeds of about 105 in low gear, 190 in second gear and we were here to find out what it could do in high gear (third) gear, but not during this run. With such a slow start it didn't seem like the time to try for a fast run. This was a test run so I forced myself to relax, left it in high gear, and waited to see what might develop as the car went faster.
The tachometer needle steadily climbed and the gears began to scream at a higher pitch as the car continued to run like it was on rails, requiring little or no corrections on the wheel. We went through mile three and then mile four a bit quicker and in mile five it felt so good with the car almost driving itself I just relaxed, watched and listened. The tach and the gears were making sweet music. Passing the five-mile marker I hit the clutch and the switch simultaneously so Clem would get a clean spark plug reading and began coasting down the course. We had no parachutes in those days and even if the brakes had been good enough, there was no need to use then now. With miles of good salt ahead and no obstructions, I just let her coast about four miles and then slowly applied the brakes and came to a stop. During a run in 1953 I let the car coast after a run and it went seven miles before I swung around in a circle and back onto the course.
This was our first run and I felt good about the car. It seemed to WANT to run in a straight line. Unfastening my seat belt and taking off the helmet, I climbed out and sat beside the car waiting for Bill to arrive with the pickup. It would take him a few minutes to get out here. Out here! With no one around for miles. The only sounds present were those of the car cooling and myself. I was astonished to hear (I was a smoker back then) the sounds of individual tobacco shreds as they burned when I inhaled on my cigarette; like the sounds of a miniature campfire. So I could hear Bill coming long before I looked in that direction.
Clem and Don had come along with Bill and they were ecstatic. Seems like we went through the quarter-mile trap near the required 100 mph speed (101 mph) and through the fifth mile at an average speed of 199 mph, which meant we were traveling well over 200 mph at the end of the fifth mile. We were all thrilled. We seemed to have gone 200 mph almost effortlessly. No time to squander now by dwelling on the many months of struggling to get here. We had a record to set. We were qualified for a two-way run for the SCTA record on Thursday morning. I don't recall just what speed the record was at that time but it seems we had surpassed it by a considerable margin.
Clem, Don, Bill and I had steak dinners that night at the Staten which at that time was a diner type cafe with about twenty booths and many slot machines. Up on the slope beside the diner was a row of about eight small motel rooms and that pretty much was the Stateline Hotel in tose days. There were never enough waitresses and meals took a long time. Sometimes the owner, Mrs. Smith, helped with the serving of meals. Anyway, during our wait and through the meal we planned our record runs for the next morning. We had no idea how fast the car would go. We knew now it could go over 200 mph but how much more was still a mystery to us. Clem figured our tach readings so we could hold engine speeds down by running about 90 mph in first gear, that is if I could find first, they didn't allow me to forget that one for a while, and then about 170 mph in second gear, thus not taking any chances with this new engine before getting this first two-way record in the books. That night, the first time in many months, we had a full night of sleep.
On the salt early Thursday morning we warmed the water and lubricants by running in the warmup area and pulled up to the starting line to join a group that had qualified for record runs in other classes. Clem and Don changed plugs. Bill put on the engine cover, and we were ready to go.
 The runs that morning ran so smoothly they were almost anticlimactic. This time I made sure we were in first gear and the car pulled rapidly away from the truck, there was a momentary quiet while I shifted into second and then the gears began their welcome scream again. Halfway through the second mile and approaching the two-mile marker there again was that momentary quiet while I shifted into high and then again the welcome song of the gears screaming. Strange how the officials and spectators could hear only the deep-throated roar of the little engine while all I could hear were the gears. Anyway, we all listened while the car accelerated through all three timed miles, recording a speed of 226 + mph in the last mile. We had hoped for more but when we exited the last mile the tach was reading only 4800 rpm and the gear sound had ceased to change to higher tones. Perhaps we were flat out. Also, in the last mile I noticed something strange happening at the rear of the engine cover, as though it were coming loose. Then I brought my concentration back to shutting the engine down clean. I coasted about four miles down the course so Clem would get a good plug reading.
Preparing for a return run in the opposite direction, we drained half the water from our nine-gallon tank and replaced it with cold water, added some fuel and Bill Davis crawled under the tail to change gears. Clem and Don wanted to turn the engine a bit higher so we were dropping to a lower gear to give it the opportunity to better reach its potential. The return run was better. The car accelerated faster in all three gears and in the fifth mile the tach needle crossed the 5000 rpm mark. The car continued to feel as though it were on rails and I was just beginning to feel comfortable in it when I again noticed the hood over the engine appearing to come loose. Well I know it could't come loose and fly away as it was held in place by many dzus fasteners spaced about eight inches apart. As it was right at my eye level I was amazed to see the rigidly reinforced fiberglass panel bow up between the dzus fasteners, rising about 3/4-inch between the fasteners. However, it was now time to finish the fifth, shut the engine down clean again, and coast for miles to the original starting line and pit area. While coasting I realized I had become distracted with the hood situation and did not get a good tach reading as we finished the last mile. However I did remember seeing the tach needle pass the 5000 rpm mark and as we were still accelerating at that time I hoped we had gone faster on this run.
J. Otto Crocker, the chief timer, recorded our speed at just over 234 mph, resulting in a two-way average of 230.16 mph, a new record. Now we had something to be happy about. We were even more elated a while later when a group including SCTA officials and representatives from Maremont Corporation, and eastern auto parts manufacturer, chose our machine as "BEST ENGINEERED CAR OF THE YEAR".
Later I took Bill aside and told him about the peculiar activity at the rear of the engine cover. We know the air ducted in from the opening in the nose of the body would build a positive pressure under the engine cover and over the injectors as planned but found it difficult to believe it was enough to distort the reinforced fiberglass hood. Bill then tried to force the tip of a large screwdriver under the edge of the hood but could not make it enter until we took out a couple more dzus fasteners. Even then, with both of us trying to pry the cover up we were stopped when it appeared the glass was in danger of cracking or breaking. Bill looked at me rather quizzically, as he had many times while we were building this machine and asked, "Are you really sure you saw this happen?" He knew, heck we all knew, I had never traveled this fast before and perhaps I was hallucinating. "Bill it happened," I pleaded, "It was not my imagination. I think we must be losing some of the positive pressure over the engine as it escapes through these temporary openings at the rear of the hood when we reach top speeds."
I could tell Bill found this hard to believe but he helped anyway by adding additional dzus fasteners between the others so the spacing was now only four inches apart. Now we could hope to keep all that positive pressure under the hood and perhaps give the engine a bit more free boost. Had we been engineers we might have seen the handwriting on the wall at that time. We would find out later the shape of the car was actually that of an airfoil. not a very efficient one, but certainly one that created lift. Air accelerated past the nose and raised a bit over the top of the car. This created negative pressures just over the area we were creating positive pressures, under the hood with air ducted from the nose. With these combative forces working in unison they forced openings at the rear of the hood and the positive inner forces were allowed to escape, flowing rearward over the top of the car and filling some of the void created by negative pressures, thus negating a portion of the lift. When we sealed these openings by installing more dzus fasteners to keep the positive pressurers in the engine compartment we actually created more lift.
Ah, we were such "Babes in The Woods". We had so much to learn. Unfortunately we didn't learn in time and in later years with larger engines and more horsepower the lifted area moved more to the rear of the car and we lost it. But that's another story and right now we were thrilled with having successful runs, breaking the record, and winning the Maremont Trophy. Now it all seemed worthwhile.
Driving the City of Burbank was a great thrill for me. It beat many of my adventures in the paratroops. It beat skydiving after the war; it certainly was more exciting than driving roadsters on the salt and on the dry lake beds; and, I can happily relate to the hundreds who have built and driven their own machines at exciting speeds on the salt during the forty-four years since we did it; and it certainly is a nice feeling to have been one of the first.
Editors note: About a month after setting the above record during the 1952 Bonneville National Speed Trials, this crew returned with the car to Bonneville and with AAA Timing successfully broke the International Class "C" record. This record was held for fifteen years by Bernd Rosemeyer in Germany's Auto Union, a beautiful machine subsidized by the German government at probably fifty times the cost of building the City of Burbank. The Hill Davis Streamliner set numerous other speed records including fastest speed of the meet in 1955, before it was ultimately destroyed in a crash later that year.


text:
Students express themselves through fashion design
Karina Lorenzo, Staff Writer
Sophomore Emily Jack made her first piece of clothing when she was six years old through a program program called Sew Easy, where she learned how to sew, iron and make patterns.
Jack is not the only student at the high school who creates her own unique clothes. Students who do fashion design are motivated and inspired by different aspects of life and therefore each outcome is different.
Junior Rae Bell said she became interested in fashion when designing her own costumes for Halloween when she was younger. She continued the activity when she realized she could customize and design her own everyday clothes.
"I'd make my mom buy me a bunch of fabric, and I'd make my own stuff," Bell said. "I enjoyed it, so I started making dresses and skirts or buying clothes that didn't fit me, taking them apart and putting back together in ways that did fit me."
This dress was created by junior Rae Bell, who created a circle skirt and then attached it to a T-shirt. Bell said that she reconstructs clothing bought from thrift stores to create new outfits. Photo contributed by Bell.
Freshman Basya Klein said that she incorporates fashion designs that she sees and likes in stores when designing clothes.
"Usually I'll see something that I like, and I'm like 'Oh that's cool, how could I adapt that?'" Klein said. "I'll be fabric shopping and see a fabric that I love and it kind of clicks. I can see exactly what I want to make, and then I adapt to it based on difficulty," Klein said.
Freshman Basya Klein designed this dress at the Putney School Summer Program where she focused on fashion design. Photo contributed by Klein.
Klein attended fashion design classes focusing on textiles at Massachusetts College of Art and Design.
"It was really interesting. I never thought about making my own textiles, so it was interesting to see that side of it," Klein said.
Junior Emma Staff said she is motivated by fashion because she likes having clothing that is different and individual.
"The idea of just having something that I've done completely myself, and is completely my own idea is very cool," Staff said.
Staff said she became interested in making clothes when she was 10 years old. She said she thought stores lacked the clothing she liked, and so began drawing her own designs.
Junior Emma Staff wears a yellow jacket. Staff said that her clothing is drawn from real-world patterns and shapes. Photo contributed by Staff.
"I've found ways to buy clothing that's unique in thrift stores," Staff said. "When I was 10, there was less stuff that I wanted to wear. So, I was like, okay, this would be cool if I can imagine what I want to wear in the perfect world, then I started making stuff."
Jack said she was inspired to start making clothing through the television design challenge shows she watched when she was younger.
"Watching a lot of "Project Runway" when I was a little kid definitely inspired me to make my own clothing because I thought it was really cool," Jack said. "Also, as a little kid who was super insecure about her body, it gave me a chance to wear my own things and also be proud of my little eight-year-old body."
Jack said she enjoys sewing because she can create clothing that is beautiful and showcases her personality.
"I sew because it's a way that I feel that I can express myself," Jack said, "by creating something beautiful, positive, something I can be proud of and something that's super cool."
Basya Klein
Emily Jack
Emma Staff
Karina Lorenzo
Rae Bell
MFA exhibit "A Little Bit of Southwest" showcases Indigenous art
Seniors seize their chance to write and direct, one scheme at a time
The second "Needs Improvment" show of the year enthralls audience with lighthearted humor
Cirque du Soleil soars with "Corteo"
Avatar: The Way of Water makes a splash
The Tytell Timeloop: "Carrie" (1976)
"Glass Onion's" clarity serves as a boon and detriment
Robert Downey Jr. and Sr. bond and reflect over life's work in "Sr."
"Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" is as bright a watch as his glowing red nose


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HERE IS THE LINK TO THE SELF-SERVE LOAN APPLICATION.


Today is a good day to review your earnings and expenses and start thinking about taking charge of your financial security. The Queens are represented as Goddesses in this deck and Pentacles refer to Earth signs, all of which are powerfully referenced in this card.
There's a mystical and magical element to the Goddesses in the Secret Language of the Birds tarot. Goddesses — which are actually a step up from the Queens in traditional tarot — are portrayed as shape-shifter entities, a hybrid between bird and human. Notice the Owl latching onto the Goddess's shoulder in this card, and even drawing blood.
Owls are known for wisdom, caution and observation — qualities which are tantamount to the Queen of Pentacles archetype. She is practical, earthy and careful — not just with her possessions but also her need for security and self-preservation.
The Sun face on the coin in the bottom corner of the card (and the smaller version dangling from her ear) reminds us of the importance of financial security.
The flower behind her ear (and on her dress) remind us that beauty and sensuality are key components to her happiness and well-being.
The Goddess of Pentacles does need to be grounded. And she does need to feel that she's contributing to her future and her financial security. But the shape-shifter qualities of the owl remind her that there's so much more to life than wealth and success.
You can work and earn and save to your heart's content, but if you don't take the time to stop and smell the flowers you won't feel fulfilled. While you don't want to spend foolishly or indiscriminately, you have to allow yourself to enjoy it or it will never be enough.
This beautiful card is part of the Secret Language of Birds Tarot series by Adele Nozedar (author) and Linda Sutton (artist). Distributed by Schiffer Publishing.
* The Court cards in this deck replace traditional Pages with Queens and traditional Queens with Goddesses. This interpretation correlates the number XIV with Queens.
We are available for phone or chat through the Click4Advisor links above. If we're not showing as available you can request a call-back or schedule a session. If you'd prefer a flat rate session (for a reduced fee), click on the "About Us" page in the Menu above for other payment options. We look forward to Speaking with you!


text:
XTREME VIXENS MC
SOLIDARITY IN SISTERHOOD
Xtreme Vixens believe in building a solid sisterhood of strong, independent, and responsible women who are enthusiastic about riding motorcycles.
Along with our passion for two wheels, we use our collective efforts to support the community by actively participating in activities for equal motorcyclist rights, volunteering, hosting, and supporting fundraisers and charitable events. We also offer guidance and support for new riders by planning safe rides at a comfortable pace to build their confidence and riding skills.
We love to meet new people and help any way possible, so if you have any upcoming events, we'd love to know. It doesn't matter if you're in a MC, RC, SC, an independent rider, or maybe not even a rider at all, but enjoy the culture. We are ONE community!
Founder Nina, aka Chixxr, established the Sanctioned MC Xtreme Vixens in 2006. Xtreme Vixens, LV is the first Sanctioned MC in Las Vegas to stand on their own proudly representing women on sport bikes! Something almost unheard of in the motorcycle community!
Xtreme Vixens MC then expanded to Northern California in 2008.
In 2012, Xtreme Vixens MC made the club open to all motorcycles, not just sport bikes. We believe that the love of riding on two wheels is universal and it should be embraced and celebrated with all riders!
In 2016, we debuted our new logo as a three patch motorcycle club, designed by Shizuka, aka Samurai Girl. Its enhanced look reflects our club stylishly while staying true to our original roots and what we strive for.
We love to meet new people who also share a common interest and passion for motorcycles! We are always looking to take some good road trips, so let us know what's going on even if you live out of state! Feel free to hit us up if you're interested in riding with a diverse and fun group of ladies!
"life is not a journey to the grave with the intention of arriving safely in a pretty and well preserved body, but rather to skid in broadside, thoroughly used up, totally worn out, and loudly proclaiming, 'WOW, What a ride!'" - Unknown
Shop Support Gear


text:
Q: Detect tap on the outside of the View in react native How to detect tap on the outside of the View(View is a small one width and height are 200). For example, I have a custom View(which is like a modal) and it's visibility is controlled by state. But when clicking outside of it nothing is changed because there is no setState done for that, I need to catch users tap everywhere except inside the modal. How is that possible in React Native?

A: use a TouchableOpacity around your modal and check it's onPress. Look at this example.
const { opacity, open, scale, children,offset } = this.state;
let containerStyles = [ styles.absolute, styles.container, this.props.containerStyle ];
let backStyle= { flex: 1, opacity, backgroundColor: this.props.overlayBackground };

<View
    pointerEvents={open ? 'auto' : 'none'}
    style={containerStyles}>
    <TouchableOpacity
      style={styles.absolute}
      disabled={!this.props.closeOnTouchOutside}
      onPress={this.close.bind(this)}
      activeOpacity={0.75}>
      <Animated.View style={backStyle}/>
    </TouchableOpacity>
    <Animated.View>
      {children}
    </Animated.View>
  </View>

const styles = StyleSheet.create({
  absolute: {
    position: 'absolute',
    top: 0,
    left: 0,
    right: 0,
    bottom: 0,
    backgroundColor: 'transparent'
  },
  container: {
    justifyContent: 'center',
    elevation: 10,
  }
});

A: <View
  onStartShouldSetResponder={evt => {
    evt.persist();
    if (this.childrenIds && this.childrenIds.length) {
      if (this.childrenIds.includes(evt.target)) {
        return;
      }
      console.log('Tapped outside');
    }
  }}
>
  // popover view - we want the user to be able to tap inside here
  <View ref={component => {
   this.childrenIds = component._children[0]._children.map(el => el._nativeTag)
  }}>
    <View>
      <Text>Option 1</Text>
      <Text>Option 2</Text>
    </View>
  </View>

  // other view - we want the popover to close when this view is tapped
  <View>
    <Text>
      Tapping in this view will trigger the console log, but tapping inside the
      view above will not.
    </Text>
  </View>
</View>

https://www.jaygould.co.uk/2019-05-09-detecting-tap-outside-element-react-native/
I found these solution here, hope it helps

A: Wrap your view in TouchableOpacity/TouchableHighlight and add onPress Handler so that you can detect the touch outside your view.
Something like :
<TouchableOpacity onPress={() => {console.log('Touch outside view is detected')} }>
   <View> Your View Goes Here </View>
</TouchableOpacity>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The Councillor for Enoggera Ward asked me to consult with a local school in the hopes of repainting a crumbling local mural. Brisbane City Council built the concrete structure at Newmarket as an air raid shelter in 1942. At the corner of Banks Street and Enoggera Road, it now functions as a bus stop.
Newmarket State School neighbours the shelter, and it was essential to get the student body involved. At the client's request the mural featured Newmarket landmarks: the chimney, pool, school, Banks Street Reserve and a view of the Brisbane skyline at night. I had a few school children join me to paint during their last week of term. It was important that each of them owned a little piece of the painting we created together.


How to create a new Hotmail ID using a mobile handset?
Hotmail eases the email management functionality as it provides numerous email management features. Security provided for the account is top class and user can also enhance the security with the email labels. Attachments in Hotmail can be accessed without download and also the processing time is much less than other email clients.
Access the emails offline and get instant notification of new emails with the all the devices used with proper syncing. Creating a new Hotmail ID on mobile is very simple and this article describes the steps for new account creation. If there is difficulty in the account creation by the end of this article it is advisable to contact Hotmail tech support for assistance.
Open the browser used in the hand set and visit the Hotmail website.
Click on the Sign Up page and enter all the details mentioned there for new account creation. Enter the First & Last name, User name and password for the Hotmail account.
Select the 'Country', 'Zip code' and the 'Birth date'.
Enter the correct contact details which includes 'Phone number' and 'Alternate email address'. Note that these details are used further for the recovery of email account in case of password reset.
Next enter the mentioned character and also agree to the Terms and Conditions going through the details.
Finally click on 'Create account' and the Hotmail account will be successfully created.
Login to the Hotmail account using the user name and password.
Dial the Hotmail phone number for expert advice and assistance in case of any problem in the email account creation or email access. Support team will also resolve all the queries that the user have with the Hotmail account and will help in the account management steps.


text:
PRESS RELEASE - "ONE TO WATCH"
Micro-Fresh® named "One to Watch"
Global freshness brand Micro-Fresh® has been named in this year's Sunday Times Fast Track Ones to Watch list.
Anti-bacterial and anti-mould ingredient brand has been named in the Fast Track Ones to Watch supplement which showcases ten of the most promising private British companies that are set to grow rapidly in the future.
"We are honoured to be listed in the 2018 Sunday Times Fast Track Ones to Watch. We have all worked extremely hard over the past few years to meet and exceed our goals and we are delighted to see our hard work recognised. It has been an incredibly successful year for both myself and the company, after being rewarded with an OBE earlier this year for Services to Industry and Innovation, it really is a proud and special time. We're looking forward to attending the awards dinner and we can't wait to celebrate this achievement further!" - Byron Dixon OBE, CEO
The ten finalists for the Ones to Watch list are selected by a judging panel after a visit by the Fast Track research team.
The 22nd annual Fast Track 100 conference and awards dinner will take place in May 2019 at the family home of Holly and Sam Branson, where companies will receive their official Ones to Watch certificate.
Tagged as: News
#helptogrow
#planforjobs
anti-viral
Government scheme
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Help to Grow: Management
plan for jobs


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