A fashion retailer and wholesaler, part of an Italian group, had 11 retail shops and 14 concessions in department stores in the UK, through which it sold garments supplied from Italy by its parent company. The company got into financial difficulties and considered a restructuring involving the planned closure of some of its stores and the surrender of leases with several years left to run. This was clearly going to be an expensive exercise, given that the shops were in upmarket locations and let at relatively high annual rents. Eventually, it was decided to put the company into administration so that the administrators could propose a company voluntary arrangement (CVA), with the intention that four stores would be closed and the leases would be effectively surrendered by the terms of the CVA. The CVA was seen as a mechanism through which the Italian parent company would be released from its obligations under the guarantees given to the landlords of two of the stores. This 'guarantee stripping' had been attempted previously by the Powerhouse group, although in Prudential Assurance Company Ltd & ors v PRG Powerhouse Ltd & ors  its CVA was overturned by the court on the basis that the release of the parent company from guarantees given to its subsidiaries' landlords constituted unfair prejudice under s6 of the Insolvency Act 1986 (the 1986 Act).
However, somewhat controversially, the judgement in Powerhouse decided that the mechanism in the CVA for releasing the parental guarantees was effective. This is rather surprising because, on broad contractual principles, it would seem to be contrary to logic that a CVA can release a third party guarantor from its obligations to the debtor's creditors, particularly since the guarantees in question contained provisions making the guarantor a principal debtor and prohibiting the release of the guarantor because of any variation or waiver in relation to the tenant's obligations under the lease. The basis of the decision revolved around the idea that unless the debtor company had a right to compel the landlords not to pursue their claims against the guarantors, the latter would be able to claim against the debtor by subrogation, thereby defeating the objective of releasing the guarantees. The administrators, funded by the Italian group, apparently decided to rely on that principle to put forward a CVA that would have the desired effect of unilaterally surrendering the leases of four stores and also releasing the parent company from its guarantee obligations, in return for a compensatory payment. The outcome was to turn on the amount of compensation offered to the landlords with guarantees.
The basic structure of the CVA was simple. All creditors except for the landlords of the closed stores were to be paid in full. The landlords of two of the closed stores were to be paid 21% of the debtor company's estimated liability to them. Neither of these landlords had the benefit of guarantees. The landlords of the two stores with the benefit of parental guarantees were ostensibly to be paid 100% of their loss, which was stated in the CVA to be £300,000, on the basis of expert valuation evidence. The parent company apparently agreed to defer a loan of about £15m owed to it and, although not clearly stated, this was later taken to mean that it would be subordinated to the claims of all other creditors until the CVA was terminated. An intermediate holding company in the group was owed approximately £7m and it was a flaw in the CVA that its debt was not similarly deferred.
At the statutory creditors' meeting, the creditors voted to approve the arrangement, which was entirely predictable because no creditor except the landlords had anything to lose. The statutory majority of 75% of creditors by value voting in person or by proxy was easily achieved. The landlords were the only creditor to vote against the CVA, and they subsequently applied to the court to have it set aside on the basis of material irregularity and unfair prejudice. It is the unfair prejudice claim that was decisive and is of most interest.
Sixty came before Henderson J in the High Court in July this year. The administrators did not contest the hearing. The debtor company was Sixty UK Ltd (Sixty), trading as 'Miss Sixty' and 'Energie'. Sixty was ultimately owned by the Italian company Sixty SpA. The application by Sixty's landlords (the landlords) related to the leases of two retail outlets in the Metquarter shopping centre in Liverpool. The grounds were that the landlords were unfairly prejudiced by the terms of the CVA, in particular by the removal of their rights under guarantees given by Sixty SpA. The guarantees related to the tenant's obligations for the remaining term of the leases and included provisions requiring the guarantor to take up new leases of the retail units in the event of a disclaimer by a liquidator of the tenant.
The landlords maintained that they had been unfairly prejudiced by the inadequate compensation of £300,000 and the compulsory deprivation of the benefit of Sixty SpA's guarantee. They submitted expert evidence that the minimum sum required to fairly compensate them for their loss of contractual rights against Sixty SpA would be about £1.2m. The evidence indicated that the administrators had access to a professional valuation obtained by Sixty as to the landlord's loss by the closing of the two retail stores in question, but they had been unable to persuade Sixty SpA to make a compensation payment for the landlords that was close enough to the valuation. The CVA proposal stated that the amount of compensation to be paid to the landlords was in accordance with the professional valuation, which was revealed to be inaccurate by the evidence given at the hearing. Henderson J said he had no hesitation in accepting the evidence of the landlord's expert valuer, as opposed to the level of compensation proposed in the CVA, and he made an order under s6 of the 1986 Act revoking the decision taken by the creditors to approve the CVA on the basis of unfair prejudice.
Henderson J's judgment applied the principles set out by Etherton J in Powerhouse, in particular on the question of whether the prejudice suffered by a creditor was unfair. Henderson J accepted that there was no single, universal test of unfairness and that the court has to consider all the circumstances, including the alternatives available to the company and the practical consequences of setting aside the CVA. The court has to base its analysis on both the 'vertical' comparison – which is the position of the creditor in a hypothetical liquidation compared to the position under the proposed CVA – and the 'horizontal' comparison – which is the position of the challenging creditor compared to other creditors, or classes of creditor. Powerhouse confirmed that treating creditors differentially is not automatically unfair, provided that it is proportionate and justified; for example, when paying employees and suppliers in full so that the business can continue to trade.
On the vertical comparison, Henderson J decided that the challenging landlords would be in a much better position in a hypothetical liquidation than under the CVA, as they would have been able to pursue Sixty SpA under the guarantee. Sixty SpA was a substantial company and it was apparently able to honour its obligations under the guarantee. On the horizontal comparison, treating the landlord of the closed stores differently from the other creditors could not be justified, particularly as the other creditors were to be paid in full. Another landlord whose lease was surrendered by the CVA had the benefit of payment by the original tenant, which was able to claim and recover in full in the CVA by virtue of a subrogated claim. This appeared to be permitted under the terms of the CVA because of an oversight by those preparing it, but the CVA nevertheless treated creditors of the same class differently and therefore failed the horizontal test.
In Powerhouse Etherton J observed that if an administrator or liquidator puts forward a proposal that he considers to be fair, then in the absence of evidence that they did not act in good faith or favoured the interests of particular creditors, the court should not speculate about what alternative proposals might have been made and accepted.
However, in Sixty Henderson J severely criticised the administrators (who were also the supervisors of the CVA). He said that the administrators had allowed themselves to side with the Sixty SpA group against the interests of the landlords and were therefore not acting in accordance with their duties towards the creditors. They had permitted Sixty SpA to dictate the crucial terms of the CVA and misrepresented the true position to the creditors, meaning that the landlords' only method of protecting its interests was to embark on lengthy, expensive and uncertain litigation proceedings. Henderson J emphasised that it is the duty of insolvency office holders to take an independent stance, act in good faith and only propose a CVA if they are satisfied that it will not unfairly prejudice the interests of any creditor.
In an apparently unprecedented move, the judge directed that copies of his judgment should be sent to the administrators' regulatory bodies, as he believed there had been 'a prima facie case of misconduct' by the administrators and their behaviour was 'impossible to justify'. He went so far as to say that the CVA 'should never have seen the light of day', as he considered that the administrators had not taken the necessary steps to act in the interests of the creditors as a whole and ensure that the CVA would not unfairly prejudice any creditor of the company. He also expressed the view that it is not impossible to propose a fair guarantee stripping CVA, but the greatest care needed to be taken to ensure fairness to minority creditors in both the substance of the proposals and the procedure adopted.
Although Powerhouse established that, in theory, it is legally possible to structure the removal of parental guarantees by a CVA, there has been no subsequent reported case demonstrating how this could be done without causing unfair prejudice to the landlords whose guarantee rights are removed. Arguably, another fundamental flaw with the Sixty CVA was that it did not constitute an arrangement at all because the only creditors who were not to be paid in full under the proposals were the landlords.
Since Powerhouse, several CVAs of large retail companies, including JJB Sports, Focus DIY and Blacks have been approved by sizeable majorities of creditors, including landlords. These successful CVAs were carefully structured to ensure that no creditors were unfairly prejudiced. This can be achieved by the debtor company setting aside a fund for the benefit of the landlord creditor group in respect of closed stores, to provide pro rata compensation to the landlords for the loss of rent for a sufficient period (calculated in accordance with principles of the landlords' rights in the liquidation of its tenant, as established by case law), as well as for the cost of business rates (which can be greater than the passing rent). If independent professional valuation advice is taken and followed, it is possible to ensure that the landlord creditors as a group will be significantly better off than they would have been in the event of the liquidation of their tenant. However, it is believed that none of the CVAs mentioned above attempted guarantee stripping to the landlords' detriment.
The key message for landlords and other creditors is that CVAs can be set aside, even where an overwhelming majority of creditors has voted in favour of them. For that reason, it is worth analysing the terms of a CVA proposal to see whether any creditor or class of creditors has been treated significantly worse than others (the horizontal comparison), or their position is worse than it would have been in a liquidation of the debtor (the vertical comparison). There is a further test referred to in Powerhouse, which is the comparison with the Companies Act 2006 scheme of arrangement procedure and the determination of whether creditors who would together constitute a class in a scheme of arrangement would be likely to vote against the proposals, which under the scheme procedure would result in the rejection of the scheme. If the CVA fails these comparisons, it is likely that it will be found to be unfairly prejudicial to one creditor or group of creditors and capable of being set aside by the court.


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The Key to Physical Attraction…It's Called "Gravity" (and "Love")
Posted on February 23, 2014 by Alan
As unlikely as it may seem, the language of science has expressions in common with the language of love. The notion of "physical attraction" has roots in both. We humans are selectively attracted to others during our lifetimes, yet we are constantly attracted, in reality, to everyone and every thing in the universe as revealed by Isaac Newton in his masterwork of science, the Principia. Two marbles, one inch apart on a smooth table, exert an attractive force on one another which would tend to draw them together, except that the force is too small to overcome the rolling friction on the table. Yet, on the larger scale of the sun and planets, the forces of attraction between such massive bodies are immense.
"Falling" in love may happen but rarely in our personal lives, yet we are, in fact, constantly falling – even though we are not conscious of the reality. All earth-bound denizens fall constantly… toward the sun as the earth orbits our nearest star. That motion, due to gravity, of continually "falling toward the sun" works in concert with a component of planetary motion tangential to the orbit to define the path of our earth around the sun. That tangential component of motion represents the inertial path the earth would take if the gravitational attraction to the sun suddenly ceased. The concept of "gravity" has historically been one of mankind's greatest comprehension challenges – one of nature's great mysteries.
Early man's curiosity as to why things apparently fall toward the center of the earth was at least temporarily assuaged (for hundreds of years) by Aristotle's assertion some two thousand years ago that the earth's center was the "natural center of the universe," hence the logical place for objects to congregate (prior to Copernicus in 1543, the sun and planets were assumed to revolve around the earth). The great mathematician/scientist, Johannes Kepler, in the early seventeenth century was an early disciple of Copernicus's sun-centered solar system and one of the first to seriously contemplate what kind of natural, physical mechanism was at play to keep the planets moving around the sun as they do. He conjectured that perhaps some form of solar, "magnetic" winds or vortices swept the planets along in their almost-circular paths. It was generally believed, prior to Newton, that whatever phenomena, or "force," that caused apples to fall to earth was distinct and different from the celestial forces that held the heavens together. For a long time, celestial motions beyond the moon were even attributed to divine influence and motivation.
It took the genius of Isaac Newton to declare, in his 1687 milestone book on science and mathematics, that earthly gravity and heavenly forces are one and the same – hence, universal. Indeed, Newton claimed that all objects of mass in the universe attract all other objects to greater or lesser degrees via the force of universal gravitation. He stated that the nature of gravity and the equation which describes how it works is applicable everywhere and at all times – a truly "universal" law of nature! Although Newton explained the scientific version of "physical attraction," he wisely made no attempt to explain the underpinnings of the version expressed in the language of love. Nor will we! That remains as captivating and mysterious as ever and seemingly beyond the ability of science and mathematics to explain.
But Newton really did not explain what gravity is or why it acts the way it does; he admitted so in the 1713 second edition of the Principia stating: "Non fingo hypotheses," which, translated from Latin declares, "I feign no hypotheses!" He was criticized by his peers for his advocacy of this mysterious force-at-a-distance; they asked, "How can a body like the sun transmit, through empty space, the tremendous forces necessary to steer the planets?" His contemporary critics should have called to mind that other mysterious force which travels through space – magnetism, in the form of the magnetic field – which also has the power to attract objects. Newton was sage enough and courageous enough to stick by his contentions even though he could not explain them all. Although his famous equation does not hint at why gravity works the way it does, it describes precisely how it works – well enough to be used by NASA for its precise orbital computer computations. Despite the tremendous success of his theory of gravity and his numerical analysis of it, Newton did not – could not at that time – grasp the true essence of gravity. This is a remarkable situation which aptly reflects the reality that science will continue to inexorably peel-back, layer by layer, the deepest mysteries of our existence. Sometimes, genius like Newton's transcends the state-of-the-art and "the possible"…for a while.
Albert Einstein Peels Back Another "Layer" of Gravity
It took Albert Einstein's 1916 general theory of relativity to go Newton "one better" and unmask the true face of gravity. Planets including the earth go around the sun in almost-perfect circles (ellipses) and not off into distant space not due to an explicit force of attraction between themselves and the sun as Newton proposed; Einstein showed that they are merely following a "natural path" determined by the curvature of four-dimensional space-time around the sun. That curvature is caused by the presence of the sun's mass. All bodies of mass curve space-time in their vicinity. Einstein advanced physics immeasurably by contributing this radically unique physical interpretation of all gravitational effects. The complexity of Einstein's mathematics in the general theory of relativity required to demonstrate this conclusively dwarfs Newton's simple equation for an attractive force as presented in the first illustration of this post. Nonetheless, Newton's achievement regarding gravity remains one of the greatest milestones in the history of science.
The Makers of Universes!
George Bernard Shaw's famous toast to Albert Einstein who was sitting near him at a tribute dinner held in 1930 at the Savoy Hotel in London, is well-known and oft-referred to. After extolling the virtues of mathematicians and scientists who, through the ages, have built "universes" instead of merely fractious empires like Napoleon and others, Shaw concluded by saying, "Ptolemy [the early astronomer/philosopher] made a universe which lasted 1400 years; Euclid [the great mathematician and founder of modern geometry] also made a universe which has lasted for 300 years; Einstein has made a universe, and I can't tell you how long that will last!" Einstein is shown in the grainy black and white film footage clearly letting-go a big belly-laugh. Science does move relentlessly forward – always with a great assist from mathematics. Look at where we are today. Love and science do go together: To love studying the history of science and its impact on humanity is to experience what I call the "joy of science."
Despite the phenomenal track record science has compiled while continually advancing the state of our knowledge and well-being, the greatest of all mysteries may prove to be beyond the comprehension of science: Who is the ultimate maker of universes and what can we truly know about that?
One of Einstein's famous quotations says it beautifully: "The most beautiful emotion we can experience is the mysterious. It is the fundamental emotion that stands at the cradle of all true art and science. He to whom this emotion is a stranger, who can no longer stand rapt in awe, is as good as dead, a snuffed-out candle. To sense that behind anything that can be experienced there is something that our minds cannot grasp, whose beauty and sublimity reaches us only indirectly: this is religiousness. In this sense, and in this sense only, I am a devoutly religious man."
Posted in Human Nature, Just Science, Science History, Scientific Biography	| Tagged Aristotle, Copernicus, Einstein, gravity, joy of science, Kepler, love, Newton, physical attraction, Principia	| Leave a reply

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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[The Month That Was]
Mumbai Art SightingDelhi DiasArt Bengaluru
by Mrinal Ghosh
Retrospective Exhibition of Sculptures by
Gautam Pal
Abanindranath Tagore Gallery.
RTC, ICCR
1 May to 8 May, 2012
Gautam Pal, born 1949, is a sculptor who has come up from the traditional sculptural environment of Krishna Nagar of West Bengal. After completing his graduation in sculpture from Government College of Art and Craft, Calcutta he joined the Academia di Belle Arti di Brera in Milan, Italy in 1972 for higher education. He has earned special proficiency in portrait sculpture. His busts and full figure sculptures of great personalities have been installed in 279 centers within India and 69 places in different parts of the world. Recently his large full figure sculpture of Rabindranath has been installed in the Parliament House at New Delhi. The present exhibition, Retrospective Exhibition of Sculptures, showcased his seven works of portrait sculptures in fiberglass, bronze and marble, thirteen sculpture compositions in fiberglass, bronze and wood, six miniature sculpture compositions in bronze and four paintings, oil on canvas. Apart from these there were 25 photographs of his works and his presence with different dignitaries throughout the world.
'Objects': Art Works by Eight Artists
Ganges Art Gallery
2 May to 30 June, 2012
In the post-modern situation it cannot be said that every art is derived from some sort of 'object', as is generally conceived in case of conventional painting or sculpture. In spite of that when the show has been titled as Objects, it indicates that the artists have tried to explore how an object is emancipated from its earthly objecthood and transcended towards some higher aesthetic values. The process is different for different artists. Here we find eight different ways of such artistic treatment. The concept note of the exhibition states, 'When one thinks about the debates that have gone on around what should and should not constitute 'art' proper, its renderings of 'objects' make it even more interesting - especially in today's context when artistic liberties and interpretations range from creative to thought-provoking to bizarre. In such a delicate setting, how different artists, with widely varied trainings, agenda, ideas, outlook, style and execution, come together to present their takes on 'objects', is what this show primarily seeks to explore.' The participating artists were: Anita Gopal, Avijit Mukherjee, Mahjabin Majumder, Nandini Chirimar, Nantu Behari Das, Partha Shaw, Paula Sengupta and Tapati Chowdhury.
Summer Show 2012
4 May to 31 May, 2012
The exhibition showcased the works of twelve young artists from different part of the country, completing their art education from different art institutions of Kolkata, Santiniketan, Baroda etc. Two of them are sculptors. The remaining ten have worked on two dimensional surfaces, based on painting, graphics and photography. It was not curated based on any particular theme or concept. The works displayed variety of styles and technique and showed the diversity of forms and creative impulses practiced in contemporary art. Yet there was some common point in the expressions. There was search for novelty, experimentation to posit uniqueness in form and technique and commitment towards social and temporal reality. Diversity of contemporary existence and mode of life came up as an indirect theme of the show. The participating artists were: Abesh B Mitra, Annapurna Mandal, Arpan Mukherjee, Debashis Manna, Murali Cheeroth, Narendra B Thakare, Prantik Chattopadhyay, Pulak Sanpui, Riya Chatterjee, S Tanushree Chakraborty, and sculptors like Saurav Roy Chowdhury and Sushanta K Maharana.
'Shri Ramkrishna, His Life and Teachings': Exhibition of Painting and Sculpture
Ramkrishna Mission Institution of Culture, Gol Park
4 May to 9 June, 2012
On the occasion of 175th birth anniversary of Shri Ramkrishna -- Ramkrishna Mission Institution of Culture presented this year's annual exhibition based on paintings and sculptures done by various artists on the life of the great saint. Total number of works was 82. Not only portraits there were various sorts of composition works delineating important features of his life and other mythical aspects. The terracotta relief of the face of Ramkrishna by Ramkinkar was one of the most important works of the show. There were works by neo-Indian artists like Manindra Bhushan Gupta, Mrinal Kanti Das, Dhirandranath Bramha, Amal Nath Chakladar, Ajay Ghosh, Ratan Acharya and others. Two paintings by Paritosh Sen on his Shri Ramkrishna Kathamrita series were special attraction of the show. There were works of contemporary artists working in various forms. Sculptures of Uma Siddhanta, Niranjan Pradhan and Bimal Kundu need special mention. Among the contemporary senior and young artists there were Nabhensu Sen, Debabrata Chakraborty, Wasim Kapoor, Shukti Shubhra Pradhan, Ramlal Dhar, Sohini Dhar, Sanatan Dinda, Manoj Dutta, Subrata Ganguly, Sanjay Bhattacharya, Partha Dasgupta, Atin Basak and many others.
Punch Sena: Art from Navi Mumbai
11 May to 30 June, 2012
The exhibition presented five young artists based in Mumbai. Though none of them are originally from Mumbai, they have arrived here from other parts of the country and gradually settled making the city their working place. So they have confronted the city as outsiders and noticed its inhuman environment and decays caused by greed and exploitation by the centres of power. Their art has grown out of the social unrest and economic recession of the country as reflected in this particular city, which is known as economic and commercial capital of India. Each of the artists created his own sort of image and transformed it into concept to posit the rebellion against the decay of human values generated out of contemporary globalised condition. The power of the images made the show outstanding reflecting originality of vision and empathetic sensibility of the artists. The artists were: Sanjeev Sonpimpare (1969), Roul Hemanta (1977), Santosh More (1969), Tushar Potdar (1979) and Pandit Bhila Khairnar (1968).
'Recorder of Life, Beauty and Truth': Photographs by T.S. Satyan
Seagull Art & Media Resource Centre
20 May to 28 May, 2012
T.S. Satyan (1923 2009) was born in Mysore and was educated there. He was among the first to take photojournalism in India and most part of his professional life remained a freelancer doing assignments for national and international publications. Photography was a great passion for him, as he said it was 'at once both an exquisite art form and a means of communication'. Despite being journalistic his black and white photographs were simple, jargonless and aesthetically of high order. They captured life in all its nuances and intrinsic beauty. The exhibition presented by 'Tasveer' showcased 30 of his photographs taken mostly from different parts of India and a few from abroad. In highly naturalistic structural rendering they record various aspects of rituals, ways of life and pleasures and pains of ordinary people. What attracts most is the graphic quality and sharp geometrical spatial division in the contrast of black and white.
'For Nutrition': An Exhibition by Eminent Artists
Oberoi Grand
Horlicks Aahar Abhiyan in association with Ananda Bazar Patrika, The Telegraph and Child In Need Institute, Kolkata (CINI) presented this display of paintings and sculpture by 14 eminent artists of Bengal. The participating artists were: Aditya Basak, Atin Basak, Bimal Kundu, Jogen Chowdhury, Kingshuk Sarkar, Partha Dasgupta, Pradip Moitra, Rabin Mondal, Reshmi Bagchi Sarkar, Samir Aich, Sreyashi Chatterjee, Shuvaprasanna, Subrata Gangopadhyay and Sumitro Basak. The event was inaugurated by the celebrated film star Vidya Balan in presence of the artists and various other VIPs. All the art works were sold instantly and the proceeds went towards the CINI for their activities to help the children in need.


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Fall River woman allegedly hits mother and daughter with the car she stole from them
By Amanda Burke
Aug 14, 2019 at 11:26 AM Aug 14, 2019 at 3:01 PM
FALL RIVER — Police allege a woman hit a mother and daughter on Plymouth Avenue Tuesday afternoon with the car she stole from them.
Nicole E. Nunes, 33, who is homeless, fled in the stolen gray 2008 Mazda 3 after striking the pedestrians, Detective John Robinson, a police department spokesman, said in a statement.
Police responded to the 800 block of Plymouth Avenue at 4:43 p.m. for a report of an assault and battery.
Officers learned that a 65-year-old mother and her 37-year-old daughter were driving on Plymouth Avenue when they spotted an acquaintance maneuvering their car into a driveway, Robinson said.
The women told police they let an acquaintance, who police identified as Nunes, borrow the Mazda one day but that the car was never returned, according to Robinson.
The women walked toward their car to confront Nunes, but Nunes backed out of the driveway then accelerated toward them.
Nunes allegedly struck the women with their car, knocking them both to the ground, according to Robinson.
The 65-year-old woman was transported to Rhode Island Hospital for treatment of injuries that police said were not life-threatening, Robinson said.
Nunes fled in the stolen Mazda, according to Robinson. The vehicle's registration number is 15Y420.
An arrest warrant was issued for Nunes for larceny of a motor vehicle, assault and battery with a dangerous weapon, assault and battery on a person over 60 with a dangerous weapon, negligent operation of a motor vehicle, leaving the scene of a personal injury accident, operating with a suspended license, operating a motor vehicle with a suspended license and operating an uninsured motor vehicle.
Those with information about Nunes or the stolen vehicle can contact police by dialing 508-676-8511. Tips can be submitted anonymously by calling the TIPS line at 508-672-8477.


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Sam Bowles and Herb Gintis named Citation Laureates
Sam Bowles and Herb Gintis, Professors of economics at the University of Massachusetts, pictured during a press conference at the Teachers Federation Building in Sydney, Australia, during a two day conference on the topic "what to do about schools in New South Wales." June 21, 1976. (Photo by Peter John Moxham/Fairfax Media via Getty Images).
SFI Professor Sam Bowles and External Professor Herb Gintis have been selected as 2022 Citation Laureates by Clarivate "for providing evidence and models that broaden our understanding of economic behavior to include not only self-interest but also reciprocity, altruism, and other forms of social cooperation."
Bowles and Gintis have collaborated since the late 1960s when they responded to a request from Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., as he began to incorporate economic issues more deeply into his activism. They went on to publish not only in economics, but also in biology, psychology, anthropology, and archaeology. Most notably, their 1976 work "Schooling in Capitalist America: Educational Reform and the Contradictions of Economic Life" has been published in several languages and its English-language version cited more than 18,000 times.
Stepping outside the traditional bounds of economics, Bowles and Gintis have studied the ways that our environments and cultures, and especially how we make our living, have shaped our social values — questions that had typically been left to psychologists and sociologists. In their 2012 book "A Cooperative Species: The Evolution of Human Reciprocity" they provide models and evidence from population genetics, archaeology, and anthropology, suggesting that our "better angels" — altruism and ethical motivations — may have a genetic basis.
"As far back as John Stuart Mill, economists have taken the amoral and self-interested Homo economicus as the model of an economic actor. But nobody — including Mill — believed that people are really like that," says Bowles. "In recent years, behavioral experiments implemented across the world's cultures and evolutionary game theory have added a new set of economic actors, exotically named Homo altruisticus, Homo egualis, and Homo reciprocans."
Bowles and Gintis join 18 other 2022 Citation Laureates from four countries. According to Clarivate, the Laureate designation celebrates world-class researchers whose work is typically in the top 0.01% most-cited publications — demonstrating research influence comparable to Nobel Prize recipients.
See the full press release from Clarivate.
Video: Citation Laureates Virginia Man-Yee Lee (Physiology or Medicine) and Samuel Bowles (Economics) spoke with Clarivate about what made them passionate about science and what advice they have for young researchers in their field.
SFI News Release


With a network of more than 40 million members, Google+ is indeed deserving of your marketing attention, so smart marketers should set up their Google+ Pages as soon as possible. But don't worry — it's simple! Here are 5 easy steps to create a Google+ Page for your business.
If we learned anything from creating our own account, it's that Google+ Pages' administrative capabilities could use improvement. Avoid creating your business page through just any old account, such as a personal gmail account. Instead, choose a gmail account that is accessible to multiple members of your marketing team (e.g. companymarketingteam@gmail.com), and use that account to create your page. Because Google+ Pages' administrative capabilities currently don't seem to be as sophisticated as Facebook's (which enable you to assign multiple page admins regardless of the page's origins), you'll want to choose a host account that makes your page as accessible to multiple contributors as possible.
After selecting your classification, fill in your basic information, including your page name (i.e. your company name), your business' website URL, your category (i.e. your industry), and the classification of your page's content (i.e. any Google+ user, 18 years of age or older, etc.).
The third step involves customizing your public profile. The profile basics include your tagline (think of it as your business' elevator pitch) and an image (your company logo is a great option).
At this point, you've created the skeleton of your page, and Google+ will now prompt you to promote your page. Our recommendation is to customize your page even further and start sharing a few updates before you begin telling the world about it. Promoting a blank page isn't a great way to convince people that your Page is valuable enough to add to their Circles. So invest some time into optimizing your page and sharing a few links to valuable content before you start promoting it to the masses.
At the most basic level, this is really all you need to do to get your page launched. But as any smart marketers know, the 'basics' aren't usually enough. Intelligent marketers understand the importance of optimizing their page to make it not only more engaging, but also more valuable and effective for lead generation. In this step, follow Google+'s prompts to create an effective page, and remember — Google+ is a social network. Although every social network has its specific nuances and behaviors, many of the same best practices will still apply. Regularly share fresh content, react and respond to your fans, be engaging, and optimize for lead generation. Then measure, adapt your strategy, and optimize your presence based on your own individual results and goals.


Well my radio promotion has begun and radio stations have started adding my song "Don't Look Good In Your T-Shirt Anymore" to their rotations. 9 stations in 8 different states have added it in the 1st full week! It is such an incredible feeling to hear your music on the radio. So now the next step is getting out on the road and visiting these stations to support the song. This is where I need your help. I have launched a crowdfunding project with Bandtwango.com to help pay for expenses. Radio stations do not pay for these visits so it can rapidly become very expensive. Because I am a solo artist, there are no shared expenses, so this campaign will help fund paying for the band, gas, hotel rooms and food; and get me out on the road!
I would greatly appreciate y'alls help with this project. Either through donations or by sharing my campaign with those you think may be interested in helping. There are lots of great donation incentives at each level.
Thank you so much for taking the time to read this email, and for helping to support me and my music!


After the recent European Union elections, the WSWS ran a number of articles assessing the results of these elections, including the performance of the German section of the International Committee, the PSG (Partei fur Soziale Gleichheit). These articles bear some comment.
First, some facts. The PSG received 9,673 votes in the election. This compares to the previous election, in 2004, where the PSG received 25,800 votes. Which is to say that the party's vote fell by a whopping 62.5 percent. To call this a steep decline is an understatement. Moreover, the PSG scored dead last of the 31 German parties contesting the EU election, including some very obscure and makeshift groups peddling everything from spiritual politics to the merits of internet file-sharing. This result is all the more noteworthy given that these elections were held in the midst of the global financial crisis, which is hitting the German working class hard.
"The PSG received 9,673 votes. While this total is significantly less than the vote won by the party in the European election five years ago, it would be a mistake to assess the significance of the elections from the narrow viewpoint of how many votes were won."
But you can't have it both ways – you can't take credit for a good result but dismiss the significance of a bad one. There is – or should be – no question that such a dramatic fall in the party's vote calls for a critical reappraisal of what the PSG has been doing to reach the working class.
This article vaguely reminds me of criticism of the Bolsheviks in 1918. As you know Mr. Brenner they "only" won 25% nationally which, as you know, is a testament to the unreliability of elections in reflecting social changes in their whole movement.
The consistent analysis of the fall of social democracy was always amounted to a prediction of the SEP's fall in vote as voters associated the two and associated the SEP as a left variation. The elections were a disgusted rejection of the identified "left" en bloc. It seems to be overly demanding to ask the SEP to immediately be able to convince voters on the distinctiveness of the SEP. It seems from history that this is the last domino to fall. The experience of Trotskyist parties in pre-revolutionary electoral matches has, as you acknowledge, never been mechanical.
I would prefer, if I may go on for a moment, for you to clarify your positions on, for example, some historical/philosophical questions. I'm particularly interested on what you think about the breakdown of the WRP and the response of the WL which occured after you had left the WL. The philosophical language used in the period you were in the WL seems to have been more verbose and I was wondering on the link.
I.E. How does your perspective on Healy's dialectics differ/not differ from the WL/SEP, what about Banda's 27 reasons / North's The Heritage We Defend?
When you talk about dialectics, should Trotskyists be studying Volume 38 closely? This seems to have been the preferred method of teaching in the WL.
You miss the point. It was the PSG, not us, who attached wider political significance to vote results, specifically its vote total in 2004. The point I made was that you can't have it both ways – you can't claim credit for a good result as indicative of growing influence in the working class and then dismiss a bad result five years later as supposedly having no bearing on the party's practice in the working class. The point was not just the bad result, but more significantly the rationalizations by the PSG leadership in trying to explain it away. About that, you say nothing.
The analogy to the Bolsheviks is off the mark. Yes, election tallies for them were never decisive – they were only one of many indicators of the state of mass consciousness and of the party's influence, and by no means the most important. But the Bolsheviks in 1917, and indeed long before then, were a party deeply embedded in the masses through their work in the soviets, unions, factory committees, regional and local councils etc. etc.
By contrast the PSG and the other sections of the ICFI do virtually no sustained work in the working class. Their political activity is almost entirely devoted to internet journalism. The only point of contact these parties have with the working class is the occasional election campaign, and so it is legitimate to look at the results of those campaigns as symptomatic of the party's relationship to the working class. And what we find is a dismal picture in which the party is having no impact on mass consciousness. The Bolshevik leadership would have found such a situation intolerable and would have fought for a sharp reorientation of the party's work. The ICFI leadership, however, has no such worries: come rain or shine, its perspectives are always "fully confirmed".
As for the point about the PSG being dragged down by the voters' rejection of the left en bloc, it seems to me you draw the wrong conclusion from that. If it isn't possible for a Trotskyist party to establish its "distinctiveness" from social democracy in the midst of a severe economic crisis, then this raises serious concerns about what the PSG is doing.
I don't agree with you that such "distinctiveness" only kicks in at the end. The Bolsheviks split from the Mensheviks in 1903, not 1917: all the years in between were precisely about establishing their revolutionary "distinctiveness" among the masses. And the German SPD today is much more obviously an establishment party than the Mensheviks were a century ago. A Trotskyist party that had a living relationship with the German working class should easily have been able to distinguish itself from such a moribund political machine, at least among the most militant sections of the working class. The whole point is that the PSG has no such relationship to any section of workers.
As for the questions on philosophy, you can refer to Chapters 3 and 4 of Marxism Without its Head or its Heart. We are not supporters of Healy's gross caricatures of dialectics, a point we've made repeatedly in our polemical material, but we've also made it clear that the abandonment of dialectical philosophy by the IC leadership over the last two decades is equally misguided. We'll have more to say on this when we respond to North's smear campaign against us.
Unfortunately the infrastructure of class struggle that you cited ("soviets, unions, factory committees, regional and local council") is gone. The working class has had all that taken from.
It is easy to say any organization is less connected to the working class than the old parties and it is perfectly true, but misleading. The internet is no substitute but at least it delivers a respectable initial audience. It is a small gift from the productive forces.
After the scrapping of the Labor Party demand of the WL I can imagine that a more propaganda heavy orientation might be inevitable which I believe is one reason why North is suspicious of your perspective on the trade unions in his polemic. I can imagine "If you reject the situation, you must be seeing opportunities in the Trade Unions the SEP doesn't see."
I'm speculating about the SEP, but the history of the working class is clear to me. But we can by all means disagree on whether the practical activity of the party has been inadequate. In general elections say absolutely nothing about anything. Since the German activity in preparation for them is unknown you could even have ran an article on the much more transparent Detroit campaign.
I am studying Dialectics slowly and I agree that there should be regular and formal philosophical output from the site. While this would be challenging and time consuming it would be helpful in guiding practice if it was successful. I believe you may be right that a lack of this material may be indicative of some problems in understanding Marxist philosophy or even an abandonment of elements of it.


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Jamaah Ansharut Tauhid
Not to be confused with Jamaah Ansharut Daulah.
Jamaah Ansharut Tauhid, Jemaah Anshorut Tauhid, or (JAT) is a splinter cell of the Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) designated as a terrorist organization by the United Nations and the United States. The latter is most known for perpetrating the 2002 Bali bombings.[1]
Jamaah Ansharut Tauhid was formed by Abu Bakar Baasyir on 27 July 2008 in Solo, Java, Indonesia[2] and has bases across Indonesia including in Aceh and Central Sulawesi.[3]
In September 2011, a JAT suicide bomber detonated explosives in a central Java church, killing himself and wounding dozens of others.[4]
On March 18, 2012, at least one of five armed men killed by Indonesian counter-terrorist forces in Bali was said to be a member of JAT.[5] The men were killed while awaiting the arrival of prostitutes at a local hotel.[6]
In 2012, the U.S. Department of State and the United Nations placed sanctions on the organization and named it as a terrorist group.[4][7][8]
In 2012, the group was thought to have approximately 1,500–2,000 members.[3]
The group remained very active in Indonesia in 2012, and it publicly maintained a website, as of January 2013.[9] Abu Bakar Baasyir's son, Abdul Rohim Ba'asyir was said to be JAT's PR Chairman and had worked for al-Qaeda in Afghanistan in 2002.[3]
In August 2014, the group suffered a split over Abu Bakar Baasyir's pledge of allegiance to Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, leader of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIS).[3][10] Many members of the group, including top leaders, and Baasyir's sons reportedly disagreed with this decision over ideological reasons and left to form a new group called Jamaah Ansharusy Syariah,[11] led by Mochammad Achwan.
^ Foreign Terrorist Organizations, Bureau of Counterterrorism, September 28, 2012 http://www.state.gov/j/ct/rls/other/des/123085.htm
^ Janes, Jamaah Ansharut Tauhid (JAT) (Indonesia), GROUPS - ASIA - ACTIVE, http://articles.janes.com/articles/Janes-World-Insurgency-and-Terrorism/Jamaah-Ansharut-Tauhid-JAT-Indonesia.html
^ a b c d Jamaah Ansharut Tauhid, The Perpetual threat, Chris Rottenberg, Osgood Center for International Studies, 2012,http://www.osgoodcenter.org/JAT.pdf
^ a b CNN, Indonesian group added to U.S. terror list, By Jamie Crawford, http://security.blogs.cnn.com/2012/02/23/indonesian-group-added-to-u-s-terror-list/
^ Bali shoot-outs nab wanted terror suspect, March 19, 2012, Karlis Salna, AAP South-East Asia Correspondent,http://news.smh.com.au/breaking-news-world/bali-shootouts-nab-wanted-terror-suspect-20120319-1ve71.html
^ ASIA:Dead Bali robbers waiting for prostitutes, By Karlis Salna, AAP South-East Asia Correspondent, http://nsiwebscus.cloudapp.net/australia/queensland/darlingdowns/toowoomba/story?cityid=9901bdf5-f527-4b68-852d-149172949fd4&storyid=f65719c8-f95e-4282-b142-e6e17bb1d6d3
^ UN, Security Council Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee Adds, Two Individuals and One Entity to Sanctions List, 12 March 2012, http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2012/sc10577.doc.htm
^ U.S. Dept of State, Terrorist Designations of Jemmah Anshorut Tauhid, February 23, 2012, http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2012/02/184509.htm
^ Jamaah Ansharut Tauhid website, accessed 17 January 2013, http://ansharuttauhid.com/
^ "ISIS Now Has Military Allies in 11 Countries -- NYMag". Daily Intelligencer. Retrieved 25 November 2014.
^ "Sons, top aides abandon Ba'asyir over ISIL, form new jihadist group". The Jakarta Post. 13 August 2014.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jamaah_Ansharut_Tauhid&oldid=841978302"


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Cristiano Ronaldo ordered "super product" Bugatti Centodieci 9 million USD Review
November 25, 2020 admin Supercar 0
The year before, not long after the Bugatti La Voiture Noire was released, there were many rumors about the owner of this supercar. Some sources said that the person who ordered this super product was none other than Portuguese football superstar Cristiano Ronaldo. However, not long after that, his spokesman denied this information and until now, the owner of La Voiture Noire remains a mystery.
According to sources, in fact, the soccer star has ordered another limited edition Bugatti: Centodieci. Launched at Pebble Beach last year to celebrate the brand's 110th anniversary, the Bugatti Centodieci is inspired by the iconic Bugatti EB110 from the 1990s. The car is limited to just 10 units, each the car costs up to 9 million dollars. Although this is really a terrible price for a super car, but it is only half the value of the Bugatti La Voiture Noire.
The Centodieci at Pebble Beach is still a concept of a commercial car that will begin rolling on the street in 2022. The car has only recently completed the exterior with the engine, but that is enough for visitors to imagine. is a super product that will be available in the near future. In terms of interior, Bugatti is still keeping the details in black painted glass.
Bugatti Centodieci is equipped with a characteristic 8.0-liter W16 engine with four Bugatti's turbochargers, however, this engine block has been upgraded to produce greater capacity. On this commemorative car, the W16 engine block produces 1,574 horsepower, 99 horsepower higher than the Chiron. This power is sent to the wheels via a 7-speed dual-clutch transmission. Vehicles capable of accelerating to 100 km / h in 2.4 seconds, 0 – 200 km / h in 6.1 seconds and reaching 300 km / h in just 13.1 seconds, the maximum speed is limited to 380 km / h.
The Centodieci is just one of the Bugatti that Ronaldo has bought, because this football star also owns a Bugatti Chiron and Bugatti Veyron Grand Sport Vitesse along with many other unique super cars. Deliveries of the Bugatti Centodieci will begin in 2021, at which point Ronaldo will be the owner of one of the most exclusive supercars in the world.
Source link: Cristiano Ronaldo ordered "super product" Bugatti Centodieci 9 million USD
[Video] The first McLaren 650S Spider in – Review
The battle of high-performance Grand Tourers Review


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News Byte
Making Gaming More Inclusive
The Future of Gaming: Intel's Darryl Adams and Jamie Sherman Learn How Technology Can Help Gamers with Disabilities
Intel's Darryl Adams (left), assistive technology program manager, and Jamie Sherman, research scientist and anthropologist, are learning more about competitive gamers with disabilities. (Credits: Darryl Adams, Jamie Sherman)
» Click for full image
Our experts: Darryl Adams is the assistive technology program manager in Intel's Accessibility Office, an organization focused on accessibility within Intel from an employee perspective and across the company for products and technologies. Jamie Sherman is a research scientist and anthropologist in Intel's Client Computing Group. The two are learning more about competitive gamers with disabilities as part of a yearlong deep dive into the lives and habits of video gamers.
More: Future of Technology Series
Making a disability an asset: "I am legally blind," Adams says. "I have a degenerative eye disease. When I started working at Intel, it wasn't a big problem. Now I'm becoming more aware of basic incompatibilities with my job as a program manager. Years ago, I started looking at assistive technologies to solve my own problem. But I'm now determined to make my disability an asset, and I'm using education to help expand my understanding about the broad spectrum of disabilities and how technology can help level the playing field for others."
Going virtual: When the research teams from Intel's Accessibility Office and Client Computing Group set out to learn more about amateur esports competitive gamers, including a subset of players with disabilities, they could not have anticipated the hurdles they would have to overcome. The original plan was to start at the 2020 Intel Extreme Masters tournament in Katowice, Poland. When Intel canceled its presence at the massive esports tournament because of the coronavirus and then scratched all in-person meetings, the team quickly pivoted the research to a virtual format. The silver lining was that it helped them widen their recruiting to include more people with disabilities.
In the current pandemic environment, technology and gaming provide a sense of connection for people who cannot physically be together. This is also true for communities who have difficulty leaving their homes in normal times. "We talk a lot about the toxicity of online gaming. There is another side of that coin that is very valuable to the disability community," Adams says. "There is a sense of achievement in gaming. You don't even have to compete against other people; you can compete against the game itself."
Andri Valgeirsson is a player on Permastunned, an esports organization made up of players with physical disabilities. Valgeirsson is part of an Intel study to learn more about amateur esports competitive gamers, including a subset of players with disabilities. (Credit: Andri Valgeirsson)
Things not seen: "While we would like to see a world where players don't have to fear negative responses from other players, Intel has been working on ways to help address the very real problem of toxicity in gaming," Sherman says. Gaming is also a space where attributes that normally affect how we are perceived, such as race, gender, or disability, are not immediately apparent. "One of the things that digital communities offer is an opportunity to interact, where that is not the first thing people know about you," Sherman says. "It may or may not emerge, and people can choose when to reveal those aspects of their life."
A gamer's life: Players created video diaries, which took place over seven days, to give researchers a look into gamers' daily lives. Playing video games is only a part of gamers' lives — they also participate in forums and read gaming news. The videos included their gaming setup and descriptions of their pain points, including what they find most frustrating or annoying about their gaming experiences.
"One of the stories that stands out is a man who lost his arm. He had been a gamer before he lost his arm. Now, he can't play on the PS4, but he can play on the Xbox because of the way the buttons are mapped," Sherman says. "He realized he could compete on a level playing field with able-bodied gamers. The loss of the arm wasn't going to keep him back."
Another player, who was not recruited as one of the players with disabilities, Sherman says, spoke of her anxiety and mental health issues. The gamer plays when she is anxious. "The fast-paced action and concentration it takes to win gives her a kind of distance and helps her calm down," Sherman says. "She sees gaming as therapeutic."
Planning ahead: The overall research goal is to validate Intel's strategic direction on its silicon roadmap and validate the usages the company is developing based on that roadmap. This will be defined over the next four years.
Next, the team will bring together engineers and architects to explore insights and discover what's possible, what's an easier adjustment and what Intel has the opportunity to really go after to make gaming more accessible and inclusive. "There are a lot of people in the world who can't access technology. Someone who can't access the web is at a significant disadvantage. How can we fix that?" asks Adams.
What the researchers have found: While work will continue for years, researchers have formed a few conclusions. The biggest is that gamers with disabilities are not much different than able-bodied players. That is exactly why gaming is so important to many gamers with disabilities: An opportunity to level the playing field is a winning proposition for many whose lives are filled with daily compromises and adaptations.
Researchers also learned that many features helpful to gamers with disabilities are not that difficult to design in gaming setups. Sherman tells the story of a gamer whose wheelchair makes it impossible for him to get to the back of his desktop without help. What he needs, Sherman says, are more ports on the front where he can reach them.
Customization is critical to gamers with disabilities, and it's one place where PCs shine. Today's games vary in how well they enable personalized features. Custom key mapping and speech-to-text are used by able-bodied gamers but are literal game-changers for players with disabilities.
@NoHandsNZ builds an Intel® gaming PC: In addition to the research about amateur esports competitive gamers, Intel collected feedback on how it can make the act of building a gaming PC more accessible. Humphrey Hanley, who goes by the name @NoHandsNZ, is a gamer with a disability whose motto is "No Hands, No Excuses." Intel sent Humphrey the parts to build a PC without modifications so he could give feedback on what adjustments would make the experience more accessible. He livestreamed his build on Twitch for 11 hours.
Hanley's advice to the gaming industry is to get people involved early in the process who can help identify barriers. "I think again, that comes down to having people on your team or working for your company that can see those barriers," says Hanley. "Because if it's not a problem for you, you are not necessarily going to see things like that as a barrier. And then I think the other thing is to foster inclusive spaces. It's the culture. It's the way we treat people. It's the way we open our communities up."
» Read more about @NoHandsNZ on the Intel Newsroom
Tags: Darryl Adams, Disabilities, Future of Technology, Gaming, Jamie Sherman


The "crowdfunding exemption" is one of the most talked-about provisions of President Obama's new Jumpstart Our Business Startups (JOBS) Act. In short, the exemption allows startups and smaller issuers to raise funds through social media via small contributions from many individuals (ie, "the crowd"). Touted as the next big thing, it purportedly simplifies the process of raising capital and therefore will boost the overall economy through the formation and funding of more businesses.


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For those of us who indulge in the memory of old Hong Kong, dont miss the chance to see Fan Ho's work in Hong Kong.
His photos not only capture the history of time but also the romance and humor. It is as if one would re-enter this filmic place through the frame of his camera.


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What is at stake in/when defining poetry?
When new acquaintances ask what I study, I often tell them, "poetry that doesn't look like poetry." Though my response might seem glib, the sentiment is sincere: I find myself drawn to poetry that unshackles that same term from its traditional denotation. The field of modern and contemporary poetry is full of language that doesn't behave: fixed forms are abandoned for open fields, words are rendered illegible, standardized grammar is disrupted, letters stray from counterparts that would give them meaning, the page is replaced by the screen, and nonsemantic sounds fill basement bars. So why do we still call it poetry? — Katie L. Price
Respondents: Amy Catanzano, Jacob Edmond, Bob Perelman, Brian M. Reed
First reading of Rae Armantrout's 'Spin' (2)
First Readings
Katie Price's short essay on Rae Armantrout's "Spin" is the second of five first readings of that poem we will publish in this new series. Jennifer Ashton's was the first. The series page can be found here. — Brian Reed, Craig Dworkin, and Al Filreis
Tired, poor, huddled, gentrified (PoemTalk #58)
Bernadette Mayer, "The Tragic Condition of the Statue of Liberty"
Most of us who have read Bernadette Mayer's poem, "The Tragic Condition of the Statue of Liberty," encountered it in Andrei Codrescu's anthology American Poetry since 1970: Up Late (1987), where it was joined by her "Laundry & School Epigrams" (written in the same spirit) and eight of her other poems. PennSound's recording of "The Tragic Condition" comes from an Ear Inn reading that took place in October of 1988.
For this episode of PoemTalk, Al Filreis convened Anne Waldman, Julia Bloch, and Katie Price to talk about this poem and Mayer's approach to tragic conditions generally.
Bernadette Mayer, 'The Tragic Condition of the Statue of Liberty'
Bernadette Mayer, Emma Lazarus, Lady Liberty
Find the missing line (PoemTalk #55)
Jennifer Moxley, "The Atrophy of Private Life"
Jennifer Moxley
On the chance that PoemTalk's listeners are ever tempted to stop listening after the main conversation and before we "gather Paradise" (make recommendations), we urge you to stay through to the end of this episode in particular — at which point you will hear Cathy Eisenhower's short list of Washington, DC, venues for readings and gatherings. And we'll add, here, belatedly, our intention to travel soon down to DC for an on-the-road PoemTalk.
Jennifer Moxley, 'The Atrophy of Private Life'
Yes, so Cathy Eisenhower joined us from DC, and Christopher Schmidt from New York, and Katie Price from just down the campus Walk – to talk about one of the prose poems in Jennifer Moxley's 2007 book The Line. Moxley had previously authored Imagination Verses (Salt, 2003), The Sense Record and other poems (Salt, 2003), and Often Capital (Flood Editions, 2005) among other works. We took up The Line because it would seem to enable us to talk about the situation or state of the poetic line — the poetic unit of language, the aesthetic or politico-aesthetic lineage – and we chose "The Atrophy of Private Life" within that book because the meta-poetic sense of "the line" would have to be at best implicit and we wanted to push ourselves to consider a possible critique of the sorry or depressed state of contemporary private life as itself a kind of line (as in ideological line) in such a way that the three senses of "line" — (1) poetic unit, (2) aesthetic lineage, where a poet fits or doesn't fit, and (3) political stance — might converge unevenly and uneasily yet revealingly.
CFP: Poetry Communities and the Individual Talent
April 6-7, 2012 at Penn


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A mixed outlook for US teams at the World Championships
By Pat Malach 07 October 2016
Elite women, U23s and Juniors lead the charge for medals in Qatar
The 2016 UCI Road World Championships, October 9-16 (Image credit: Immediate Media)
USA champion Megan Guarnier (Boels Dolmans) (Image credit: Sean Robinson/Velofocus)
Coryn Rivera (UnitedHealthcare) wins stage 1 in Argentina (Image credit: Tour Femenino de San Luis)
Joey Rosskopf (BMC) leads whats left of the break. (Image credit: Jonathan Devich/epicimages.us)
Chad Haga (Giant-Alpecin) (Image credit: Tim de Waele/TDWSport.com)
Carmen Small (Bigla-Cervelo) keeps her head tucked on the way to the finish at the US time trial championship (Image credit: Jonathan Devich/epicimages.us)
Amber Neben (Visit Dallas) led most of the way up the long Lookout Mountain climb. (Image credit: Jonathan Devich)
Alexey Vermeulen (LottoNL-Jumbo) closes in on the finish of the US time trial championship. (Image credit: Jonathan Devich/epicimages.us)
Eric Marcotte (Team Jamis) was clocked over the speed limit 46mph on a 35 zone (Image credit: marcoquezada.com)
Robin Carpenter (Holowesko) on the way to taking the yellow jersey (Image credit: Jonathan Devich/epicimages.us)
Allie Dragoo (USA) wins stage 3 of the Energiewacht Tour (Image credit: Bert Geerts/dcp-bertgeerts@xs4all.nl)
Alexis Ryan (CANYON//SRAM Racing) attacks on the climbs on the road back to Moorslede at the 121 km Stage 1 of the Lotto Belgium Tour 2016 Alexis Ryan (CANYON//SRAM Racing) attacks on the climbs on the road back to Moorslede at the 121 km Stage 1 of the Lotto Belgium Tour 2016 (Image credit: Sean Robinson/Velofocus)
The San Luis stage 4 podium: Carla Álvarez, Lauren Stephens and Katie Hall. (Image credit: Tour Femenino de San Luis)
The 2015 UCI Road World Championships in Richmond, Virginia, was a seminal event for cycling in the US. With the championships on American soil for the first time in nearly 30 years, riders stepped up, delivering multiple medals and adding to the dramatic racing throughout the week.
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BMC Racing, the US-registered WorldTour team, started things off in Richmond by defending its gold-medal performance in the team time trial. Juniors delivered a spectacular show, with Chloe Dygert winning gold in both the time trial and road race, and Emma White backing up Dygert's result with silver in both events. The Junior men added silver and bronze in the individual time trial with Adrien Costa and Brandon McNulty, respectively.
In the Elite races, Megan Guarnier took the bronze with a gutsy ride that saw her in with a chance after making the final selection of nine riders that came to the finish together. The Elite men didn't bring home a medal, but they were present in most of the day's moves, animating the race with Ben King, Taylor Phinney and Tyler Farrar all infiltrating breakaways that helped set up Alex Howes' 12-place finish.
Those were heady days for US fans as they lined the courses throughout a week of top-notch racing and organization that reflected well on a country in which cycling is still a decidedly niche sport.
Now, 13 months removed from Richmond and more than half a world away, the US team is focused on keeping the momentum rolling in the desert as the 2016 World Championships ramp up toward next week's events in Doha, Qatar.
Women lead the charge for a US medal
Among the Elites, the US women's team once again has the best shot for a medal or two. A solid squad of seven riders will back Megan Guarnier (Boels Dolmans) and Coryn Rivera (UnitedHealthcare) for a potential field sprint in the road race, while experienced hands Carmen Small and Amber Neben will contest the individual time trial.
Neben, 41, won the time trial rainbow jersey in 2008, and her recent time trial win at the la Route de France propelled her to the overall win in the French 2.1 stage race. Riding this year for BePink, she also won the Chrono de Gatinuea in Canada ahead of a solid field of North American Women's WorldTour riders, but then finished 27th in the time trial stage of the WorldTour Giro Rosa.
Small, 36, the current US time trial champion, finished third in 2013 Worlds time trial and has put in a strong road season this year. Both Neben and Small beat Kristin Armstrong in the US championships before Armstrong went on to win Olympic gold in August.
Small's only test against international competition this year came during the Cascade Cycling Classic, however, after she switched teams mid-season from Cervelo Bigla to Cylance. Small finished second to Canadian Tara Whitten in that 25.5km race against the clock.
Although Small and Neben are long shots for a medal this year, the US team for the road race looks more promising. Guarnier, the overall winner of the inaugural Women's WorldTour this year, was an automatic selection for the road race team, as was Rivera. The rest of the team includes Neben, Small, Allie Dragoo (Twenty16-RideBiker), Alexis Ryan (Canyon-SRAM) and Lauren Stephens (Tibco-Silicon Valley Bank).
USA Cycling Vice President of Athletics Jim Miller told Cyclingnews he believes the federation has put together "a very good team" for Doha.
"We have a lot of talent and we can race several different tactics depending on how the race unfolds," Miller said. "The heat is going to play a major role, and having several options towards the end of the race will be the key to success."
Winds are less likely to play a factor in the women's race, which avoids the long slog through the desert that the men have to endure. The technical 15.7km circuit around The Pearl in Doha should provide plenty of challenges, however.
Rivera is a fast finisher who cut her teeth on the US criterium circuit, where she won professional races as a Junior and collected a closet full of national champion jerseys. In recent years she has begun to develop her endurance as a field sprinter in long road races, but Guarnier, the more experienced rider, beat her in a two-up sprint at the end of US road race nationals this year.
USA Cycling CEO Derek Bouchard Hall agreed with Miller that depth is the key to success for the women in a race that could play out in multiple ways.
"Who wants make the call at how the women's road race is going to play out in Doha," Bouchard Hall told Cyclingnews. "What's the wind going to be like? How's the heat going to be? So having depth is important. I think any American woman who goes to that race has a long shot.
"Who knows how the race is going to play out," Bouchard Hall said. "If you have a strong team with a couple of fast sprinters and you get away in a break, and then the other teams get negative, then boom, before you know it you're sprinting for the World Championship. That can happen."
Megan Guarnier celebrates winning the 2016 Giro Rosa
A tough course for the US men
Bouchard Hall made it clear that the optimism around the men's team is lower, and for good reason. Conventional wisdom says the 257.5km road course in Doha, which starts with 150km of racing through the desert before the men make their way into town for seven laps of The Pearl circuit, will lead to a bunch sprint among the world's top sprinters.
Teams that lack a pure sprinter capable of winning a full-on bunch gallop are hoping crosswinds in the desert will blow the race apart like a Spring Classic, and with the current weather forecasts for 30km/h winds with gusts up to 45km/h, crosswinds and echelons seem likely. But Great Britain's Mark Cavendish said people expecting the race to blow apart early will be disappointed because the pro peloton will never race in echelons for that distance.
"The people who write on your internet forums are going to want echelons and that, but we're not fucking robots. We're not going to do that for 260k, no matter who's there," Cavendish told Cyclingnews after racing part of the route at the Tour of Qatar in February.
If Cavendish is right and the peloton comes into the final circuits together, the US team will be in trouble. The team has no pure sprinter, and Kiel Reijnen, arguably the fastest finisher of the six-man squad, recently pulled out of the trip while he and his wife await the birth of their first child.
Reijnen told Cyclingnews in an interview last week that he does not believe The Pearl circuits, which he raced on during the Tour of Qatar, will split the field if the sprinters' teams are well represented in the final 100km.
Alexey Vermeulen (LottoNL-Jumbo), a relatively slight climber who will be in Qatar to compete in the time trial, will replace Reijnen in the road race. The rest of the team includes Robin Carpenter (Holowesko-Citadel), Chad Haga (Giant-Alpecin), Eric Marcotte (Team Jamis), Taylor Phinney (BMC Racing) and Joey Rosskopf (BMC Racing).
Marcotte, the 2014 US road champion and 2015 criterium champion, is probably the fastest finisher among them, and he excels in one-day races, but as a mostly domestic rider on a Continental team, the 257.5km distance is much longer than what he's accustomed to racing.
Phinney is the only rider among the five who has won at the WorldTour level, but he hasn't won a race outside of the US since returning from a severe leg injury in 2014 that kept him out of competition for 14 months. Rosskopf, Phinney's trade team teammate, recently won the overall at the Tour du Limousin in August after winning the first stage from a group of four. The 27-year-old finished the Giro d'Italia this year and the Vuelta a Espana in 2015, so his endurance should be on par with the course.
Haga, who has ridden four Grand Tours in the past three years with Giant-Alpecin, recently notched a top 10 finish during stage 4 of the Vuelta. He most recently finished fifth during stage 6 of the Eneco Tour and is always looking for the right move. Carpenter is a breakaway specialist who recently won a stage of the Tour of Utah and the overall at the Tour of Alberta by one second over Trek-Segafredo's Grand Tour contender Bauke Mollema.
While blessed with a plethora of all-around talents, none of the riders pack the kind of finish that can compete with Cavendish, Greipel, Sagan, Kittel and the host of world-class sprinters who will be on the start line.
Nevertheless, Bouchard Hall said anything can happen in a bike race, and one should never count anybody out before the winner crosses the finish line.
"Particularly in the Worlds, right, where the teams are smaller and it's not really clear who's working for anybody," he said. "Any fan of the sport, looking back at how the world championships is played out, they're very difficult to call. Even years when the courses are really hard are difficult to call.
"Now this is a course that may or may not be hard, but if it is hard due to the wind – not a power-to-weight hard, it's a do-you-get-in-the-right-echelon kind of a hard – I think it's going to be a heck of a lot of fun to watch. I love those events where you just don't know what's going to happen."
In the time trial, Vermeulen, who is 21 years old, admitted to Cyclingnews that he's there to gain experience and would be happy with a top 20 finish. Phinney's last two time trial wins came at the US championships this year and in 2014, the day before he broke his leg. His best finish in a WorldTour race time trial this year came recently at the Eneco Tour, when he finished seventh in the 9.6km stage. Phinney finished 22nd at the Olympic Games in August.
If Eric Marcotte can manage the 257.5km distance, he could be the Elite men's best hope for a medal
Forecasts call for future podiums
USA Cycling's development programs may provide more opportunities for medals than do the Elites. The U23 roster is made up of all Axeon Hagens Berman riders, with Geoffrey Curran and Neilson Powless taking on both the road race and time trial. They'll be joined in the road race by US pro champion Greg Daniel, Tour of Alberta stage winner Colin Joyce and their trade team teammate Justin Oien. Adrien Costa, the 19-year-old Tour of Utah general classification runner up, decided to end his season after racing with Etixx-QuickStep as a trainee.
"Honestly, this may be the best U23 team we have ever fielded in any World Championship," Miller told Cyclingnews. "Unfortunately, it's on a course without a lot of terrain. Regardless, we plan to be aggressive and we will take our shots on goal. With regards to the time trial, it's very difficult to stand on the podium at this level in a one-day world championship. Both Curran and Powless have the ability and the results this season that suggest they can."
Miller was also excited about the chances for a medal from the Junior men, especially McNulty, who rides for the development team run by Roy Knickman.
"Another very good team led by Brandon McNulty," Miller said of the junior squad. "Brandon should be on the podium in the time trial, and he is much quicker on the finish of a road race than he might get credit for. It's easy to think of Brandon as a GC guy, but he is quick. Behind Brandon we have a really good, experienced team that is very capable of supporting him."
The Junior women's team also has a ringer in Skylar Schneider, who finished third in USA Cycling's Pro Road Tour this year. The 18-year-old finished the season-long national series in third place behind Rivera and ahead of fourth-placed Armstrong.
"We had Skyler Schneider on the Worlds roster last year to give her the experience for this year," Miller said. "Skylar has shown all year that she has taken some incredible steps forward in her development. Her teammates have all spent time in Europe this past summer racing 2.2s and Dutch kermesses. We have a good chance at a podium with this team."
Nielson Powless takes a stage win for the USA U23 team at the Tour de l'Avenir
Team USA for the 2016 UCI Road World Championships
Elite men's road race:
Robin Carpenter (La Jolla, Calif./Holowesko-Citadel Racing Team p/b Hincapie Racing)
Chad Haga (McKinney, Texas/Team Giant-Alpecin)
Eric Marcotte (Scottsdale, Ariz./Team Jamis)
Taylor Phinney (Boulder, Colo./BMC Racing Team)
Joseph Rosskopf (Decatur, Ga./BMC Racing Team)
Alexey Vermeulen (Pickney, Mich./Team Lotto NL-Jumbo)
Elite men's individual time trial:
Taylor Phinney (Boulder, Colo./BMC Racing Team)*
Elite women's road race:
Allie Dragoo (Grand Rapids, Mich./TWENTY16 Ridebiker)
Megan Guarnier (San Mateo, Calif./Boels Dolmans Cycling Team)*
Amber Neben (Lake Forest, Calif./BEPINK)
Coryn Rivera (Tustin, Calif./UnitedHealthcare)*
Alexis Ryan (Ventura, Calif./Canyon SRAM Racing)
Carmen Small (Durango, Colo./Cylance Pro Cycling)
Lauren Stephens (Dallas, Texas/Team TIBCO-Silicon Valley Bank)
Elite women's individual time trial:
Carmen Small (Durango, Colo./Cylance Pro Cycling)*
U23 men's road race:
Adrien Costa (Bend, Ore./Axeon Hagens Berman)*
Geoffrey Curran (Tustin, Calif./Axeon Hagens Berman)*
Gregory Daniel (Englewood, Colo./Axeon Hagens Berman)*
Colin Joyce (Pocatello, Idaho/Axeon Hagens Berman)
Justin Oien (Escondido, Calif./Axeon Hagens Berman)
Neilson Powless (Roseville, Calif./Axeon Hagens Berman)
U23 men's individual time trial:
Neilson Powless (Roseville, Calif./Axeon Hagens Berman)*
Junior men's road race:
Cameron Beard (Bend, Ore./Team Specialized Racing-NCCF)
Ian Garrison (Decatur, Ga./Holowesko-Citadel Racing Team p/b Hincapie Racing)*
Gage Hecht (Parker, Colo./Hot Tubes Development Cycling Team)
Bjorn Larson (Duluth, Minn./Holowesko-Citadel Racing Team p/b Hincapie Racing)
Brandon McNulty (Phoenix, Ariz./LUX-Stradling p/b Specialized)*
Tyler Stites (Tucson, Ariz./El Grupo Youth Cycling)
Junior men's individual time trial:
Ian Garrison (Decatur, Ga./Holowesko-Citadel Racing Team p/b Hincapie Racing)
Junior women's road race:
Hannah Arensman (Rutherford College, N.C./TWENTY16 Pro Cycling)
Megan Heath (Alpharetta, Ga./Frazier Cycling)
Summer Moak (Foothill Ranch, Calif./TWENTY16 Pro Cycling)
Skylar Schneider (West Allis, Wis./ISCorp Cycling p/b SmartChoice MRI)*
Junior women's individual time trial:
Hannah Arensman (Rutherford College, N.C./TWENTY16 Pro Cycling)*
Skylar Schneider (West Allis, Wis./ISCorp Cycling p/b SmartChoice MRI)
*Automatic selection


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text:
WScript.LoadScriptFile("..\\UnitTestFramework\\UnitTestFramework.js");

var tests = [{
    name: "Proxy construct trap consumes new.target",
    body: function() {

        let result = "";

        class A {
            constructor() {
                assert.areEqual(B, new.target, "The whole point of the test is to make sure new.target flow through proxy!");
                result += "A";
            }
        }

        var proxyObject = new Proxy(A, {
            construct: function(target, argumentsList, newTarget) {
                result += "proxyObject";
                assert.areEqual(A, target, "A is the target in this case");
                assert.areEqual(0, argumentsList.length, "No arguments are passed");
                assert.areEqual(B, newTarget, "B is also the new.target in this case");
                return Reflect.construct(target, argumentsList, newTarget);
            }
        });

        class B extends proxyObject {
            constructor() {
                result += "B";
                super();
            }
        }

        new B();
        assert.areEqual("BproxyObjectA", result, "Test indeed ran the code I expect it to");
    }
}, {
    name: "Proxy construct trap consumes overridden new.target",
    body: function() {

        let testCompleted = false;

        function MyNewTarget() {
            assert.isTrue(false, "We should not be creating instance of MyNewTarget");
        }

        function MyConstructor() {
            assert.areEqual(MyNewTarget, new.target, "myNewTarget is overridden in this case");
            testCompleted = true;
        }

        Reflect.construct(MyConstructor, [], MyNewTarget);

        assert.isTrue(testCompleted, "Test indeed ran the code I expect it to");
    }
}, {
    name: "Proxy construct trap spread case",
    body: function() {
        let result = "";

        function MyConstructor() {
            assert.areEqual(proxyObject, new.target, "myNewTarget is overridden in this case");
            result += "MyConstructor";
        }

        var proxyObject = new Proxy(MyConstructor, {
            construct: function(target, argumentsList, newTarget) {
                result += "proxyObject";
                assert.areEqual(4, argumentsList.length, "spreaded arguments count should be right");
                assert.areEqual(1, argumentsList[0], "spreaded arguments[0] should be right");
                assert.areEqual(2.25, argumentsList[1], "spreaded arguments[1] should be right");
                assert.areEqual(undefined, argumentsList[2], "spreaded arguments[2] should be right");
                assert.areEqual('hello', argumentsList[3], "spreaded arguments[3] should be right");
                return Reflect.construct(target, argumentsList, newTarget);
            }
        });

        var args = [1, 2.25, undefined, 'hello'];
        var newProxyObject = new proxyObject(...args);
        assert.areEqual("proxyObjectMyConstructor", result, "Test indeed ran the code I expect it to");
    }
}];

testRunner.runTests(tests, {
    verbose: WScript.Arguments[0] != "summary"
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
L'Haloquadratum walsbyi és una espècie d'arqueobacteri  que es va descobrir en un estany de salmorra a la península del Sinaí d'Egipte. Es destaca tant per les seves cèl·lules planes i quadrades, com per la seva inusual capacitat per sobreviure en ambients aquosos amb altes concentracions de clorur de sodi i clorur de magnesi. El nom de l'espècie Haloquadratum es tradueix literalment com "quadrat de sal". Aquests microorganismes van ser observats per primera vegada l'any 1980 per un britànic, el professor Anthony E. Walsby, a partir de mostres preses de Sabkha Gavish, un llac de salmorra al Sinaí del Sud, Egipte, i es van descriure formalment.el 2007 per Burns et al.,. Solen ser abundants en la majoria dels ambients salats. Els intents de cultiu no van tenir èxit fins 2004 i van donar com a resultat la identificació de Haloarcula quadrata, una altra espècie d'arqueobacteri quadrada del gènere Haloarcula, diferent de lHaloquadratum walsbyi, menys abundant i genèticamentbastant diferent.

 Descripció
Les cèl·lules són grans, de 2 a 5 micres, però molt primes, al voltant de 150 nm, i generalment contenen grànuls de polihidroxialcanoat, així com una gran quantitat de vacúols refractaris plens de gas que proporcionen flotabilitat en un ambient aquós i contribueixen, probablement, a situar les cèl·lules per a maximitzar la recepció de llum. Les connexions entre les cèl·lules són fràgils i es poden trencar fàcilment.

 Hàbitat
Aquests organismes es poden trobar en qualsevol àrea d'aigua molt salada. Durant l'evaporació de l'aigua de mar, primer precipiten el carbonat de calci (CaCO₃) i el sulfat de calci (CaSO₄), el que porta a una salmorra rica en clorur de sodi (NaCl). Si l'evaporació continua, el NaCl precipita al seu torn com halita i deixa una salmorra rica en clorur de magnesi (MgCl₂).

L'''Haloquadratum walsbyi prospera durant la fase final de la precipitació d'halita, abans que el MgCl₂ esterilitzi la salmorra i pot arribar a constituir el 80% de la biomassa d'aquest mitjà.També s'ha de tenir en compte que la seva temperatura de creixement òptima és de 40 °C.

 Genètica
El genoma de lHaloquadratum walsbyi'' ha estat completament seqüenciat, proporcionant accés a una millor comprensió de la classificació filogenètica i taxonòmica d'aquest organisme, així com el seu paper en el ecosistema. Una comparació genòmica d'aïllats espanyols i australians (soques HBSQ001 i C23T) suggereix una ràpida dispersió mundial, ja que són molt similars i han mantingut l'ordre dels gens.

El fet que el seu creixement en el laboratori es va obtenir en un mitjà amb concentracions molt altes de clorurs (més de 2 mol·L-1 de MgCl2 i més de 3 mol·L-1 de NaCl) classifica aquest organisme es troba entre els més halòfils coneguts.

Referències

Arqueobacteris

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged inquiry, lab, lesson, modeling, projectile motion, technology, video, whiteboarding, win/fail physics. Bookmark the permalink.
What a great post Frank! I love the way you took us through the process – I know kids would love this stuff. Weaving modeling with inquiry based experiments is brilliant, too.
I'm definitely going to try it out with my Physics class this year and I'll let you know what they think.
Thank you very much for these posts, I am looking forward to using them in physics. I have been teaching Earth Science and AP Environmental Science for the past 10 years. I was assigned to teach Physics this year. I was hoping that you could direct me to more specific modeling suggestions for topics in Physics. I do not have a strong background in Physics but have been working hard to develop my knowledge base. With regards to the Kobe video, I found that when I tried it using the free video analysis software "Tracker" I had to re-calibrate the screen several times due to changing zomm levels and such. Is this the case?
I have turned my modeling suggestions into a new blog post.
As for Tracker: The side view of Kobe jumping the pool doesn't have a camera zoom, if I recall correctly. Rhett Allain did his analysis of Kobe in Tracker, too. I used Logger Pro (which doesn't allow for recalibration) and had no problems.
Oh this is just great! I'm going to use this this year in my classes. I've also played the game, how fast can you throw/ kick a ball? There are prizes for the students who have the fastest throw and can kick a ball so that the take-off speed is the fastest. We go outside to the football field to do the experiment. The kids design and do the experiment following a similar learning cycle that you described above.
I can't seem to find the video I thought I watched on your blog, but I thought I watched a car go down a ramp and your students predicted/calculated where it would land. My question is this: When you do this activity in class, do you graph the velocity versus height to derive the relationship between PE and KE? May I get more information about your strategy for this particular activity.