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Veronica Mars Picked Up by Hulu for 2019!!
Carissa Pavlica at September 20, 2018 1:23 pm . Comments
Hey Marshmallows!!
Oh, doesn't that sound good? Strap on your camera and update your private investigator credentials because Veronica Mars is coming back, baby!
Kristen Bell made the announcement today on her Instagram account before the news was verified by Hulu.
Newbies will have plenty of time to get acquainted with all things Neptune before jumping into eight new, direct-to-series episodes of the beloved show, Veronica Mars.
As part of the deal, Hulu has also struck an agreement with Warner Bros. Domestic Television Distribution for SVOD rights to all past episodes of the original Veronica Mars. Fans can stream seasons 1-3, as well as the 2014 feature film, beginning in summer 2019.
Related: Castle Rock Season 1: Burning Questions Left Unanswered
Even though Veronica Mars only ran three seasons across two networks, it was known for its fanatical viewers and its will to survive.
Running from 2004 to 2006 on UPN, the series then jumped to The CW for its final season. The show changed a lot in its short tenure, but the fans wanted what the fans wanted.
In 2014 Kristen Bell and series creator Rob Thomas launched a Kickstarter campaign to get a feature film version of the series produced.
It was a huge success, and I can still remember watching the numbers climb as fans everywhere donated what they could to not only see the film spring to life but to be a part of Veronica Mars history.
Related: Veronica Mars Revival Inches Closer to Reality
The new episodes will come from Spondoolie Productions in association with Warner Bros. Television. Executive producers Rob Thomas, Diane Ruggiero-Wright, Dan Etheridge and Kristen Bell are on board with Bell set to star (of course!).
No other stars have been noted as returning at this time, but it seems likely many will be excited to jump on board if they are available and if deals can be made for their time.
21 Potential Superheroes Ready for Action!!
The first episode will be written by Rob Thomas (who is also currently with iZombie), and here's a look at the official logline for the upcoming episodes:
Spring breakers are getting murdered in Neptune, thereby decimating the seaside town's lifeblood tourist industry.
After Mars Investigations is hired by the parents of one of the victims to find their son's killer, Veronica is drawn into an epic eight-episode mystery that pits the enclave's wealthy elites, who would rather put an end to the month-long bacchanalia, against a working class that relies on the cash influx that comes with being the West Coast's answer to Daytona Beach.
Alright, Marshmallows! Who is excited??
There's nothing better than fans driving entertainment, and if we didn't love Bell and Thomas and everything they do as much as we do, they wouldn't work double time to bring us more Veronica Mars.
Related: 11 Reasons You Need To Binge Marvel's Runaways On Hulu
In the meantime, don't forget to watch Bell on one of the best comedies on television, The Good Place. This girl can do no wrong!
PS: Hands up if you want her and Dax Shepard to host an awards show together!!
Hit the comments to share your thoughts.
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Carissa Pavlica is the managing editor and a staff writer for TV Fanatic. She's a member of the Broadcast Television Journalists Association (BTJA), enjoys mentoring writers, wine, and passionately discussing the nuances of television. Follow her on Twitter and email her here at TV Fanatic.
Tags: Veronica Mars, Hulu, The CW, renew/cancel, TV News
Girl, you should hear what people say about you.
Permalink: Girl, you should hear what people say about you.
This is my school. If you go here, your parents are either millionaires or your parents work for millionaires. Neptune, California, a town without a middle class. If you're in the second group, you get a job; fast food, movie theatres, mini-marts. Or you could be me. My after-school job means tailing philandering spouses or investigating false injury claims.
Permalink: This is my school. If you go here, your parents are either millionaires or your parents work...
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Sgt. Will Gardner is an American emotional drama film about the struggles faced by war veterans while reintegrating into society due to PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder) and other war-led disorders. The movie focuses on Max Martini, an Iraq war veteran, who is suffering from TBI (Traumatic Brain Injury) and PTSD that he sustained while in combat. Following a series of setbacks, Martini embarks on a cross-country motorcycle journey across America with the purpose of reuniting with his son. Picking up the life's pieces that he missed since returning from combat, frequent flashbacks, and much more forms a part of this exciting & spirited journey of a war veteran.


Group stages are coming into the Munster and Leinster championships if new proposals go through.
THE ALL-IRELAND senior hurling championship is set to undergo a significant revamp in time for the 2018 season.
The Sunday Times reported this morning that a round robin format will be proposed to come into the Leinster and Munster hurling championships next year.
GAA President Aogán Ó Fearghaíl confirmed the news on RTÉ's launch of their 2017 championship coverage this afternoon.
"In all the debate and discussions many issues were raised on the (Super 8) stage in football," Ó Fearghaíl told Jacqui Hurley on RTÉ Radio 1.
"One of the issues that was raised that has total merit is that there was risk that by having so many high profile football games, that hurling would suffer and I accept that completely.
Unlike the Super 8 proposals in football, these round robin games will take place in the early stages of the championship, meaning knock-out games from quarter-finals onwards.
A third "developmental" round-robin group has also been proposed, but the details have yet to "be ironed out" according to the report.
A Central Council meeting will take place in June to decide whether a Special Congress needs to be called for October to vote in the proposals.
Email "GAA President confirms plan to radically overhaul the All-Ireland hurling championship for 2018".
Feedback on "GAA President confirms plan to radically overhaul the All-Ireland hurling championship for 2018".


The first version of Linux. The archive contains the source code to be compiled and installed.
Kodi (XBMC) is an award-winning free and open source (GPL) software media player and entertainment hub for digital media. Kodi is available for Linux, OSX, and Windows.
Created in 2003 by a group of like minded programmers, Kodi is a non-profit project run and developed by volunteers located around the world. More than 50 software developers have contributed to XBMC, and 100-plus translators have worked to expand its reach, making it available in more than 30 languages.
Paragon Backup & Recovery Free Edition - a time-tested backup and recovery tool. With it, you will have full control over the security of your system and data. Based on solid commercial backup and recovery software from Paragon Software, Backup & Recovery Free Edition will give you a rich set of features that you can trust. Free Edition can easily create an exact copy of your hard drive, including the operating system, applications, user settings, and all data.
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Paragon Backup & Recovery also helps you to choose any backup destination - including external storages, CD/DVD/Blu-ray discs, network as well as the secured hidden partition. You'll be able to return the computer to a previous state without losing data and reinstalling and reconfiguring your programs just in one click any time you need it. Restore fast an entire disk, separate partitions or only files you need from the previously created backup image. Even more, you can use Restore with Shrink option - to restore a backup image to a free block of smaller size taking into account only the amount of actual data of the image. You can also create a bootable USB Flash Drive to recover your PC on demand and much more.
Gpg4win is an installer package for Windows with computer programs and handbooks for email and file encryption. Gpg4win and the software included with Gpg4win are free software.


Would you buy anything from a business you didn't trust? Or a business that you've heard bad things about?
Most people wouldn't so it is crucial to ensure your business is trustworthy and maintains that image. Honesty, integrity, straightforward, transparent and respect are all parts of that trustworthy image.
Here are some key activities to show your integrity and trustworthiness, gained from watching people do the opposite as well as showing integrity even when it's hard.
take responsibility for yourself, your business and even your team. Blaming others and looking for excuses doesn't put you in a good light and can worry protective clients and suppliers hat they will be blamed for future issues – not good for building trust!
be open – share bits of information about the people behind the business. That doesn't mean tell us all your son's achievements or what you had for breakfast, nor give out private details, but let people know the human voice of a business as well. For example what impression do I give when I occasionally mention I am a cub leader?
What other ways have businesses earned your trust?


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Assuring all work area is cleaned and organized.


Recognized as one of the holiest places in India, Amritsar is a pilgrimage for the Sikh community located near the Indo-Pak border in Punjab, known for its exquisite Golden Temple and many other historical as well as cultural sites. Founded in the year 1577, the city has been one of the biggest catch for locals as well as international tourists that take flights to Amritsar throughout the year to explore the fascinating array of heritage and traditional sites scattered across the city. Home of the Golden Temple, Jallianwala Bagh and many other historical sites, Amritsar makes a perfect place for family travelers, seeking a deep insight about the culture and colonial history of India that has been preserved here for centuries.
Take cheap Amritsar flights and have a superlative getaway experience at the northwestern part of the India whilst exploring a vivid, fine and exquisite range of attractions including ISKCON Amritsar, Rambagh Gardens, Gurdwara Bibeksar Sahib, Harmandir Sahib, Akal Takht, Durgiana Temple, Tarn Taran Sahib, Jallianwala Bagh, Mata Lal Devi Temple, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Museum, Alpha One Mall, Goindwal Sahib, Wagah Border, Maharaja Ranjit Singh's StatueGandhi Gate, Harike Bird Sanctuary, Gurudwara Mata Kaulan and hundreds of other spectacular attractions. So, if you are seeking a getaway that comprises an exploration of Indian history, gourmet delights, fantastic views of nature, patriotism and more, then quickly start packing and book your flights to Amritsar with Travelation to avail a wonderful variety of flight deals and take the advantage of offers available online for a smooth, budget-friendly and captivating getaway in India.


text:
\section{Introduction}
\label{secintro}
A {\it surface} $\Sigma$ means a compact, connected 2-manifold. It is known that there are two kinds of closed surfaces, orientable and nonorientable \cite{JG1987}. Every closed connected orientable surface is homeomorphic to one of the standard surfaces $S_k$ $(k\ge 0)$, while each closed connected nonorientable surface is homeomorphic to one of $N_k$ $(k\ge 1)$. In particular, the {\it projective plane}, $N_1$, is a 2-manifold obtained by identifying every point of the 2-sphere with its antipodal point.

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a simple graph with vertex set $V$ and edge set $E$. Let $D$ be a good drawing of the graph $G$ in a surface $\Sigma,$ we denote the number of pairwise intersections of edges in $D$ by $v_D(G:\Sigma)$, or by $v(D)$ without ambiguous. The {\it crossing number of $G$ in a surface $\Sigma$}, denoted by $cr_{\Sigma}(G)$, is the minimum number of pairwise intersections of edges in a drawing of $G$ in $\Sigma$, i.e.,
$$cr_{\Sigma}(G)=\min_{D}v_D\big(G:\Sigma\big).$$
In particular, the {\it crossing number of $G$ in the plane $S_0$} is denoted by $cr(G)$ for simplicity. It is well known that the crossing number of a graph in a surface $\Sigma$ is attained only in {\it good drawings} of the graph, which are the drawings where no edge crosses itself, no adjacent edges cross each other, no two edges intersect more than once, and no three edges have a common point.

In a drawing $D$ of $G=(V,E)$ in a surface $\Sigma,$ if an edge is not crossed by any other edge, we say that it is {\it clean} in $D,$ otherwise, we say it is {\it crossed}. Moreover, let $F \subseteq E$, we say $F$ is clean in $D$ if all of the edges in $F$ are clean, otherwise, we say  $F$ is crossed.

Let $A$ and $B$ be two (not necessary disjoint) subsets of the edge set $E,$ the number of crossings involving an edge in $A$ and another edge in $B$ is denoted by $v_D(A,B).$ In particular, $v_D(A,A)$ is denoted by $v_D(A).$ By counting the number of crossings in $D,$ we have

\begin{lemma}\label{leAB}
Let $A,B,C$ be mutually disjoint subsets of $E,$ then
\begin{eqnarray*}
v_D(A,B\cup C)= v_D(A,B)+v_D(A, C),\\
v_D(A\cup B)= v_D(A)+v_D(A,B)+v_D(B).
\end{eqnarray*}
\end{lemma}

Computing the crossing number of a given graph is, in general, an elusive problem. Garey and Johnson have proved that the problem of determining the crossing number of an arbitrary graph in the plane is NP-complete \cite{GM1983}. Because of its difficulty, there are limited results concern on this problem, see \cite{Kleitman1970,MK2001,Bokal12007,LX2005,MDJ2005} and the references therein. The generalized Petersen graph $P(n,k)$ is a counterexample to many conjectures and thus plays an important role in graph theory. Exoo, Harary and Kabell began to study the crossing number of $P(n,k)$ in $S_0$ and they worked out the case when $k=2$ \cite{GE1981}. For the case $k=3$, Fiorini proved that $cr(P(9,3))=2$ \cite{FS1986}, later on, Richter and Salazar \cite{RB2002} determined the crossing number of $P(3t+h,3)$ is $t+h$ if $h\in\{0,2\}$ and $t+3$ if $h=1$, for each $t\ge 3$, with the single exception of $P(9,3)$. We tried to obtain $cr(P(n,k))$ when $n$ can be expressed as a function of $k$, and proved that $cr(P(3k,k))=k$ for $k\ge 4$ \cite{Wang2011}.

As for the crossing number of graphs in a surface other than the plane, it is not surprising that the results are even more restricted: only the crossing number of Cartesian product graph $C_3\square C_n$ in $N_1$ \cite{Riskin1993}, the crossing number of the complete graph $K_9$ in $S_2$ \cite{Riskin1995}, the crossing number of the complete bipartite graph $K_{3,n}$ in a surface with arbitrary genus \cite{K3n}, the crossing number of $K_{4,n}$ either in $N_1$ or in $S_1$ \cite{PTH2005,PTH2009}, and the crossing number of  the circulant graph $C(3k; \{1,k \})$ in $N_1$ \cite{C3k} have been determined. These facts motivate us to investigate the crossing number of $P(3k,k)$ ($k\ge 3$) in the projective plane, the main theorem of this paper is
\begin{theorem}\label{mainth}
When $3\le k\le 7,$ we have $cr_{N_1}(P(3k,k))= k-2$. Moreover, for $k\ge 8,$ we have $k-2\le cr_{N_1}(P(3k,k))\le k-1.$
\end{theorem}

Let us give an overview of the rest of this paper. Some basic notations are introduced in Section \ref{secpre}. Section \ref{secbou} is devoted to give the proof of Theorem \ref{mainth} by investigating the upper and lower bound of $cr_{N_1}(P(3k,k))$ independently. The lower bound of $cr_{N_1}(P(3k,k))$ is based on the result of Lemma \ref{leD}, which will be proved finally in Section \ref{secle}.

\section{Preliminaries}\label{secpre}

For $F\subseteq E$, we denote by $G\setminus F$ the graph obtained from $G$ by deleting all edges in $F$. Furthermore, we also use $F$ to denote the subgraph induced on the edge set $F$ if there is no ambiguity.

Let $k$ be an integer greater than or equal to 3, the {\it generalized Petersen graph} $P(3k,k)$  is the graph with vertex set
\begin{eqnarray*}
V(P(3k,k))=\{u_i, v_i| i=1,2,\cdots ,3k\}
\end{eqnarray*}
and edge set
\begin{eqnarray*}
E(P(3k,k))= \{u_iu_{i+1}, u_iv_i, v_iv_{k+i}| i=1,2,\cdots ,3k\}
\end{eqnarray*}
the subscripts are read modulo $3k.$

To seek the structural of $P(3k,k)$, we find it is helpful to partite the edge set $E(P(3k,k))$ into several subsets $E_i$ and $H_i$ as follows. For $1\le i\le k,$ let
\begin{eqnarray*}
E_i=\{v_iv_{k+i}, v_{k+i}v_{2k+i}, v_{2k+i}v_{i}, u_iv_i, u_{k+i}v_{k+i}, u_{2k+i}v_{2k+i}\}
\end{eqnarray*}
and let
\begin{eqnarray*}
H_i=\{u_iu_{i+1}, u_{k+i}u_{k+i+1}, u_{2k+i}u_{2k+i+1}\},
\end{eqnarray*}
the subscripts are expressed modulo $3k.$

Set $E'=\bigcup_{i=1}^{k}E_i.$ It is not difficult to see that
\begin{eqnarray}\label{eqEP}
E(P(3k,k))=E' \cup \Big(\bigcup_{i=1}^{k}H_i\Big)
\end{eqnarray}
and that $P(3k,k)\setminus E_i$ contains a subgraph homeomorphic to $P(3(k-1),(k-1))$ for each $1\leq i\leq k$.

Note that three edges $v_iv_{k+i}, v_{k+i}v_{2k+i}$ and $v_{2k+i}v_{i}$ form a 3-cycle in $E_i$, which is denoted by $EC_i$ throughout the following discussions. Formally,
\begin{eqnarray*}
EC_i=v_iv_{k+i}v_{2k+i}v_{i}.
\end{eqnarray*}

Let $D$ be a good drawing of $P(3k,k)$ in the projective plane, we define a function $f_D(H_i)$ ($1\leq i\leq k$) counting the number of crossings related to $H_i$ in $D$ as follows:
\begin{eqnarray}\label{eqfd}
f_D(H_i)=v_D(H_i,H_i)+\frac{1}{2}\sum\limits_{1\leq j\leq k, \,j\neq i}v_D(H_i,H_j).
\end{eqnarray}

In the rest discussions, we find the following definition is useful.

\begin{definition}\label{def1}
An $E'-$clean drawing of $P(3k,k)$ is a good drawing of $P(3k,k)$ in the projective plane such that $E'$ is clean.
\end{definition}

By Eqs.(\ref{eqEP}) and (\ref{eqfd}) and by counting the number of crossings in $D,$ we get
\begin{lemma}\label{lefd}
Let $D$ be an $E'-$clean drawing of $P(3k,k)$, then
$$v(D)=\sum\limits_{i=1}^{k}f_D(H_i).$$
\end{lemma}

\section{The sketch of the proof of Theorem \ref{mainth}}\label{secbou}

In the beginning of this section, the upper bound of $cr_{N_1}(P(3k,k))$ can be obtained easily.

\begin{lemma}\label{leup}
$cr_{N_1}(P(9,3))\le 1$, and $cr_{N_1}(P(3k,k))\le k-1$ for $k\ge 4.$
\end{lemma}

\noindent{\bf Proof.} Wilson's Lemma states that the crossing number of a non-planar graph in the projective plane is strictly less than its crossing number in the plane\cite{Riskin1993}. Combining this fact with the result that $cr(P(9,3))=2$ \cite{FS1986} and that $cr(P(3k,k))=k$ for $k\ge 4$ \cite{Wang2011}, the lemma follows easily.  \hfill$\Box$

\vskip 2mm
Our main efforts are made to establish the lower bound of $cr_{N_1}(P(3k,k)),$ which is based on the lemma below.

\begin{lemma}\label{leD}
For $k\ge 4,$ let $D$ be an $E'-$clean drawing of $P(3k,k)$. Then $v(D)\ge k-1.$
\end{lemma}

We postpone its proof to Section \ref{secle}. By assuming Lemma \ref{leD}, we can prove the lower bound of $cr_{N_1}(P(3k,k))$ immediately.

\begin{lemma}\label{lelow}
$cr_{N_1}(P(3k,k))\ge k-2$ for $k\ge 3.$
\end{lemma}

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{minipage}[t] {0.5\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.78\textwidth]{P93.pdf}
\caption{The graph $P(9,3).$}
\label{fig1}
\end{minipage}%
\quad
\begin{minipage}[t] {0.48\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{F13.pdf}
\caption{The graph $F_{13}(12,18).$ }
\label{fig2}
\end{minipage}%
\end{figure}

\noindent{\bf Proof.} We prove the lemma by induction on $k.$ First of all, it is seen from Figure \ref{fig1} and Figure \ref{fig2} that $P(9,3)\setminus \{v_3v_9, v_2v_5, v_1v_7\}$ is a subdivision of $F_{13}(12,18)$, which is one of minimal forbidden subgraphs for the projective plane (see Appendix A in \cite{Mohar2001}), therefore, the induction basis $cr_{N_1}(P(9,3))\ge 1$ holds. Suppose that $cr_{N_1}(P(3(k-1),(k-1)))\ge k-3$ when $k\ge 4,$ consider now the graph $P(3k,k).$ Let $D$ be a good drawing of $P(3k,k)$ in $N_1.$

\vskip 2mm
{\bf Case 1.} There exists an integer $i$ $(1\le i\le k)$ such that $E_i$ is crossed in $D$.

W.l.o.g., we may assume that $i=1.$  By deleting the edges of $E_1$ in $D$, we get a good drawing $D_0$ of $P(3(k-1),(k-1))$ in $N_1$ with at least $k-3$ crossings by the induction hypothesis, thus
$$v(D)\geq v(D_0)+1\geq (k-3)+1=k-2.$$

\vskip 2mm
{\bf Case 2.} $E_i$ is clean in $D$ for every $1\le i\le k$.

Then $D$ is an $E'-$clean drawing of $P(3k,k)$. Due to Lemma \ref{leD}, $v(D)\ge k-1$ holds.

Therefore, $cr_{N_1}(P(3k,k))\ge k-2$ when $k\ge 3.$  \hfill$\Box$

\vskip 2mm

Based on the former lemmas, we can prove Theorem \ref{mainth} in the following.

\vskip 2mm

\noindent{\bf The proof of Theorem \ref{mainth}.}  Figures \ref{figp12}, \ref{figp15}, \ref{figp18} and \ref{figp21} demonstrate good drawings of $P(3k,k)$ in $N_1$ with $k-2$ crossings when $4\le k\le 7,$ thus $cr_{N_1}(P(3k,k))\le k-2.$ Together with Lemma \ref{leup} and Lemma \ref{lelow}, it is confirmed that $cr_{N_1}(P(3k,k))= k-2$ for $3\le k\le 7.$

For $k\ge 8,$ we have $k-2\le cr_{N_1}(P(3k,k))\le k-1$ due to Lemma \ref{leup} and Lemma \ref{lelow}. The proof is completed. \hfill$\Box$

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{minipage}[t] {0.49\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{P12.pdf}
\caption{A good drawing of $P(12,4)$ in $N_1$ with two crossings.}
\label{figp12}
\end{minipage}%
\quad
\begin{minipage}[t] {0.49\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{P15.pdf}
\caption{A good drawing of $P(15,5)$ in $N_1$ with three crossings. }
\label{figp15}
\end{minipage}%
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{minipage}[t] {0.49\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{P18.pdf}
\caption{A good drawing of $P(18,6)$  in $N_1$ with four crossings.}
\label{figp18}
\end{minipage}%
\quad
\begin{minipage}[t] {0.49\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{P21.pdf}
\caption{A good drawing of $P(21,7)$ in $N_1$ with five crossings. }
\label{figp21}
\end{minipage}%
\end{figure}

\section{The proof of Lemma \ref{leD}}\label{secle}

For $1\le i\le k,$ let
\begin{eqnarray}\label{eqRi}
R_i=E_i\cup H_i \cup E_{i+1}.
\end{eqnarray}

The following observation is obvious, since it is appeared several times in the rest of the paper, we state it formally.

\begin{observation}\label{obser1}
Let $D$ be an $E'-$clean drawing of $P(3k,k)$, then $E_i$ is clean for all $1\le i\le k.$
\end{observation}

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{minipage}[t] {0.48\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{CCN1.pdf}
\caption{A subdrawing of $R_i.$}
\label{fig4}
\end{minipage}%
\quad
\begin{minipage}[t] {0.48\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{CCN2.pdf}
\caption{A subdrawing of $R_i.$ }
\label{fig5}
\end{minipage}%
\end{figure}

\begin{lemma}\label{leCnon}
For $k\ge 3,$ let $D$ be an $E'-$clean drawing of $P(3k,k)$ such that one of the 3-cycles $EC_i$ and $EC_{i+1}$ is non-contractible. Then $f_D(H_i)\ge 1.$
\end{lemma}

\noindent{\bf Proof.} W.l.o.g., assume that $EC_i$ is non-contractible, for the other case, the proof is analogous. Then $EC_{i+1}$ is contractible, otherwise, two non-contractible cycles $EC_i$ and $EC_{i+1}$ will cross each other at least once in $N_1,$ a contradiction with Observation \ref{obser1}.

Suppose to contrary that $f_D(H_i)< 1,$ then three edges of $H_i$ cannot cross each other by Eq.(\ref{eqfd}). By the above analyses, there are three possibilities of the subdrawing of $R_i$, see Figure \ref{fig4}, Figure \ref{fig5} and Figure \ref{fig6}. It is seen that, in each subdrawing of $R_i,$ the projective plane has been divided into four regions.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{minipage}[t] {0.48\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.85\textwidth]{CCN3.pdf}
\caption{A subdrawing of $R_i.$}
\label{fig6}
\end{minipage}%
\quad
\begin{minipage}[t] {0.48\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.75\textwidth]{CCC1.pdf}
\caption{A subdrawing of $EC_i\cup EC_{i+1}.$ }
\label{fig7}
\end{minipage}%
\end{figure}

Firstly, we consider the case that the subdrawing of $R_i$ is as drawn in Figure \ref{fig4}. Consider now the subgraph $E_{i+2}$. It is asserted that all of the vertices of $E_{i+2}$ lie in the same region in the subdrawing of $R_i$ by Observation \ref{obser1}, furthermore, they cannot lie in the region labelled $f_4,$ otherwise the edge $u_{i+1}u_{i+2}$ will cross $EC_{i+1}$ at least once, a contradiction with Observation \ref{obser1}. The following three cases are investigated.

\vskip 2mm
{\bf Case 1.} The vertices of $E_{i+2}$ lie in the region labelled $f_1.$

Then the edge $u_{2k+i+1}u_{2k+i+2}$ and the path $u_{k+i+2}u_{k+i+3}\cdots u_{2k+i}$ will cross $H_i$ at least once, respectively, which implies that $f_D(H_i)\ge 1$ by Eq.(\ref{eqfd}), a contradiction.

\vskip 2mm
{\bf Case 2.} The vertices of $E_{i+2}$ lie in the region labelled $f_2.$

Then the edge $u_{i+1}u_{i+2}$ and the path $u_{2k+i+2}u_{2k+i+3}\cdots u_{3k}u_1\cdots u_{i}$ will cross $H_i$ at least once, respectively, which implies that $f_D(H_i)\ge 1$, a contradiction.

\vskip 2mm
{\bf Case 3.} The vertices of $E_{i+2}$ lie in the region labelled $f_3.$

Then $H_i$ will be crossed by the edge $u_{k+i+1}u_{k+i+2}$ and by the path $u_{i+2}u_{i+3}\cdots u_{k+i}$ at least once respectively, which yields that $f_D(H_i)\ge 1$, a contradiction.

Similar contradictions can be made if the subdrawing of $R_i$ is as drawn in Figure \ref{fig5} or Figure \ref{fig6}. \hfill$\Box$

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{minipage}[t] {0.48\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.75\textwidth]{CCC2.pdf}
\caption{A subdrawing of $EC_i\cup EC_{i+1}.$}
\label{fig8}
\end{minipage}%
\quad
\begin{minipage}[t] {0.48\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.75\textwidth]{CICI.pdf}
\caption{A subdrawing of $R_i.$ }
\label{fig9}
\end{minipage}%
\end{figure}

\begin{lemma}\label{leCC}
For $k\ge 3,$ let $D$ be an $E'-$clean drawing of $P(3k,k)$. If $EC_i\cup EC_{i+1}$ is as drawn in Figure \ref{fig7} or Figure \ref{fig8}, then $f_D(H_i)\ge 1.$
\end{lemma}

\noindent{\bf Proof.} Suppose to contrary that $f_D(H_i)< 1.$  By Eq.(\ref{eqfd}), it is claimed that

\begin{claim}\label{claim1}
The edges of $H_i$ cannot cross each other in $D$.
\end{claim}

If $EC_i\cup EC_{i+1}$ is as drawn in Figure \ref{fig7}. Then $R_i$ is as shown in Figure \ref{fig9} by Observation \ref{obser1} and Claim \ref{claim1}. Consider the subgraph $E_{i+2},$ it lies in one of the regions labelled $f_1,$ $f_2$ and $f_3$  by Observation \ref{obser1} again. Assume that $E_{i+2}$ lies in the region labelled $f_1,$ then the edge $u_{2k+i+1}u_{2k+i+2}$ and the path $u_{k+i+2}u_{k+i+3}\cdots u_{2k+i}$ will cross $H_i$ at least once respectively. Hence, by Eq.(\ref{eqfd}), we have $f_D(H_i)\ge 1,$ a contradiction. Similar contradictions can be made if $E_{i+2}$ lies in the region labelled $f_2$ or $f_3.$

Using the analogous arguments, we can also show that $f_D(H_i)\ge 1$ if $EC_i\cup EC_{i+1}$ is as drawn in Figure \ref{fig8}. \hfill$\Box$

\begin{lemma}\label{leCR1}
For $k\ge 3,$ let $D$ be an $E'-$clean drawing of $P(3k,k)$. If $EC_i\cup EC_{i+1}$ is as drawn in Figure \ref{fig10} and $f_D(H_i)< 1,$ then $R_i$ is as shown in Figure \ref{fig12}.
\end{lemma}

\noindent{\bf Proof.} First of all, we conclude that the edges of $H_i$ cannot have internal crossings in $D$ by the assumption that $f_D(H_i)< 1$. Thus, there are two possibilities of the subdrawing of $R_i$ in $D,$ see Figure \ref{fig11} and Figure \ref{fig12}.

If $R_i$ is as drawn in Figure \ref{fig11}. Observation \ref{obser1} enforces that $E_{i+2}$ lies in one of the region labelled $f_1,$ $f_2$ and $f_3$. We may assume firstly that $E_{i+2}$ lies in the region labelled $f_1,$ for other cases the proof is the same. Under this circumstance, the edge $u_{2k+i+1}u_{2k+i+2}$ and the path $u_{k+i+2}u_{k+i+3}\cdots u_{2k+i}$ will cross $H_i$ at least once respectively, therefore, $f_D(H_i)\ge 1$ by Eq.(\ref{eqfd}), a contradiction.

Thus, $R_i$ is as shown in Figure \ref{fig12}. \hfill$\Box$

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{minipage}[t] {0.48\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{CCC3.pdf}
\caption{A subdrawing of $EC_i\cup EC_{i+1}.$}
\label{fig10}
\end{minipage}%
\quad
\begin{minipage}[t] {0.48\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.82\textwidth]{CRi.pdf}
\caption{A subdrawing of $R_i.$ }
\label{fig11}
\end{minipage}%
\end{figure}

\vskip 2mm
Combining Lemma \ref{leCC} with Lemma \ref{leCR1}, we have

\begin{lemma}\label{leCR2}
For $k\ge 3,$ let $D$ be an $E'-$clean drawing of $P(3k,k)$ such that both $EC_i$ and $EC_{i+1}$ are contractible cycles. If $R_i$ is not as drawn in Figure \ref{fig12}, then $f_D(H_i)\ge 1.$
\end{lemma}

\noindent{\bf Proof.} Since both $EC_i$ and $EC_{i+1}$ are contractible cycles, there are three possibilities of the subdrawing of $EC_i\cup EC_{i+1}$, see Figure \ref{fig7}, Figure \ref{fig8} and Figure \ref{fig10}. Lemma \ref{leCC} implies that $f_D(H_i)\ge 1$ if $EC_i\cup EC_{i+1}$ is as drawn in Figure \ref{fig7} or Figure \ref{fig8}. Furthermore, Lemma \ref{leCR1} implies that $f_D(H_i)\ge 1$ if $R_i$ is not as drawn in Figure \ref{fig12}. \hfill $\Box$

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{minipage}[t] {0.48\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.85\textwidth]{NRi.pdf}
\caption{A subdrawing of $R_i.$}
\label{fig12}
\end{minipage}%
\quad
\begin{minipage}[t] {0.48\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.85\textwidth]{R1E3.pdf}
\caption{A subdrawing of $R_1\cup H_2\cup E_3.$ }
\label{fig13}
\end{minipage}%
\end{figure}

\vskip 2mm
Now, we are ready to prove Lemma \ref{leD}.
\vskip 2mm

\noindent{\bf The proof of Lemma \ref{leD}.} Suppose to contrary that
\begin{eqnarray}\label{eqvD}
v(D)<k-1.
\end{eqnarray}
By Lemma \ref{lefd}, there exists an integer $i$ such that $f_D(H_i)<1,$ otherwise,
\begin{eqnarray*}
v(D)=\sum\limits_{i=1}^{k}f_D(H_i)\ge k,
\end{eqnarray*}
a contradiction with Eq.(\ref{eqvD}). The following two cases are discussed: Case 1. there exists an integer $i$ such that $f_D(H_i)=0$ and Case 2. $f_D(H_i)>0$ for every $1\le i\le k$ and there exists  an integer $i$ such that $f_D(H_i)=\frac{1}{2}.$

\vskip 2mm
{\bf Case 1.} There exists an integer $i$ such that $f_D(H_i)=0.$

W.l.o.g., let $f_D(H_1)=0.$ Thus, we can get that

\begin{claim}\label{claim2}
$R_1$ is clean in $D.$
\end{claim}

Furthermore, there exists another integer $j$ $(j\ne 1)$ satisfying $f_D(H_j)<1,$ otherwise,
\begin{eqnarray*}
v(D)=\sum\limits_{i=2}^{k}f_D(H_i)\ge k-1,
\end{eqnarray*}
a contradiction with Eq.(\ref{eqvD}).

\vskip 2mm
{\bf Subcase 1.1.} $j=2$ or $j=k$.

By symmetry, we only need to consider the case that $j=2$. It follows from Lemma \ref{leCnon} that both $EC_1$ and $EC_2$ are contractible cycles since $f_D(H_1)=0.$ Moreover, Lemma \ref{leCR2} enforces that the subdrawing of $R_1$ is as shown in Figure \ref{fig12} by replacing all the indices $i$ by 1.

Now, we consider the subgraph $E_{3}$. All of the vertices of $E_{3}$ lie in the region labeled $f_1$, on whose boundary lies the vertices $u_2, u_{k+2}$ and $u_{2k+2},$ otherwise, we have $v_D(H_2,R_1)\ge 1$, contradicting Claim \ref{claim2}. Moreover, the edges of $H_2$ cannot have internal crossings by Eq.(\ref{eqfd}). All these arguments confirm that the only possibility of the subdrawing of $R_1\cup H_2\cup E_3$ is as shown in Figure \ref{fig13}. Note that the region labeled by $f_1$ in Figure \ref{fig12} has been separated into three regions, which are labelled by $f_{11}$, $f_{12}$ and $f_{13}$.

Next, we consider the subgraph $E_k$ (note that $k\ge 4$ is crucial here for $E_k$ being not equal to $E_3$). By Observation \ref{obser1}, $E_k$ lies in one of $f_{11}$, $f_{12}$ and $f_{13}$. We may assume that $E_k$ lies in $f_{11}$, for other cases the proof is the same. Under this circumstance, $H_2$ will be crossed by the edge $u_{2k}u_{2k+1}$ and by the path $u_{k+3}u_{k+4}\cdots u_{2k}$ at least once respectively, therefore, $f_D(H_2)\ge 1$ by Eq.(\ref{eqfd}), a contradiction.

\vskip 2mm
{\bf Subcase 1.2.} $j\notin\{2,k\}.$

Since $f_D(H_1)=0$ and $f_D(H_j)<1,$ all of the cycles $EC_1,$ $EC_2,$ $EC_j$ and $EC_{j+1}$ are contractible by Lemma \ref{leCnon}. By Lemma \ref{leCR2}, $R_1$ (resp. $R_j$) is as drawn in Figure \ref{fig12} by replacing all the indices $i$ by 1 (resp. $j$).

Notice that both $u_{k+1}v_{k+1}v_1u_1u_2v_2v_{k+2}u_{k+2}u_{k+1}$ and $u_{k+j}v_{k+j}v_ju_ju_{j+1}v_{j+1}v_{k+j+1}$ $u_{k+j+1}u_{k+j}$ are non-contractible curves, therefore, they must cross each other in $N_1$, which yields that $v_D(H_1,H_j)\ge 1$ since $E'$ is clean in $D$, a contradiction with $f_D(H_1)=0$.

\vskip 2mm
{\bf Case 2.} $f_D(H_i)>0$ for every $1\le i\le k$ and there exists an integer $i$ such that $f_D(H_i)=\frac{1}{2}.$

W.l.o.g., let $f_D(H_1)=\frac{1}{2}.$ There exists an integer $j$ ($j\notin \{2,k\}$) such that $f_D(H_j)=\frac{1}{2},$ otherwise
\begin{eqnarray*}
v(D)=\sum\limits_{i=1}^{k}f_D(H_i)\ge 3\times\frac{1}{2}+\sum\limits_{i=4}^{k}f_D(H_i)\ge \frac{3}{2}+(k-3),
\end{eqnarray*}
and thus $v(D)\ge k-1$ since $v(D)$ is an integer, a contradiction with Eq.(\ref{eqvD}).

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.42\textwidth]{R1RJ.pdf}
\caption{A subdrawing of $R_1\cup R_j.$ }
\label{fig15}
\end{figure}

Lemma \ref{leCnon} tells that, all of the cycles $EC_1,$ $EC_2,$ $EC_j$ and $EC_{j+1}$ are contractible. By Lemma \ref{leCR2}, $R_1$ (resp. $R_j$) is as drawn in Figure \ref{fig12} by replacing all the indices $i$ by 1 (resp. $j$). Note that both $u_{k+1}v_{k+1}v_1u_1u_2v_2v_{k+2}u_{k+2}u_{k+1}$ and $u_{k+j}v_{k+j}v_ju_ju_{j+1}v_{j+1}v_{k+j+1}$$u_{k+j+1}u_{k+j}$ are non-contractible curves, then
$$v_D(H_1,H_j)=1$$
since $f_D(H_1)=f_D(H_j)=\frac{1}{2}$, furthermore, the crossed edge of $H_1$ (resp. $H_j$) is $u_{k+1}u_{k+2}$ (resp. $u_{k+j}u_{k+j+1}$), see Figure \ref{fig15}. It is seen that two vertices $u_2$ and $u_j$ don't lie on the boundary of a same region, thus the path $u_2u_3\cdots u_j$ will cross $H_1$ or $H_j$ by Observation \ref{obser1}, a contradiction with the assumption that $f_D(H_1)=f_D(H_j)=\frac{1}{2}.$

All of the above contradictions enforce that $v(D)\ge k-1$ if $D$ is an $E'-$clean drawing of $P(3k,k)$.  \hfill$\Box$

\section{Conclusions}

This paper studies the crossing number of the generalized Petersen graph $P(3k,k)$ in the projective plane. However, when $k\ge 8$, the exact value of $cr_{N_1}(P(3k,k))$ remains open. Does $cr_{N_1}(P(3k,k))=k-2$ or $cr_{N_1}(P(3k,k))=k-1$? From the former proof, we know the problem of "Deciding the exact value of $cr_{N_1}(P(3k,k))$" is highly related to the problem of "Whether there exists a good drawing of $P(3k,k)$ in the projective plane with $k-2$ crossings or not?" If the answer to the latter problem is "Yes", then we conclude that $cr_{N_1}(P(3k,k))=k-2$, otherwise, we have $cr_{N_1}(P(3k,k))=k-1$.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Fit-again Pat Cummins no longer 'hesitant'
Express paceman Pat Cummins finally has cause to feel bullish about his prospects of playing a Test on Australian soil.
Cummins enjoyed a mesmerising Test debut at age 18, humbling South Africa to earn man-of-the-match honours in Johannesburg almost six years ago.
A series of serious injuries stymied Cummins' development but he returned to cricket's grandest stage earlier this year.
Cummins played both the third and fourth Tests against India. There is now no sign of lingering self-doubt ahead of a two-Test tour of Bangladesh and home Ashes series.
"Coming into last summer I still hadn't had a real big block of cricket so I guess I was still a little bit hesitant," Cummins said after day two of Australia's intra-squad game in Darwin.
"I bowled quite a few overs throughout the summer and over in India ... I feel like I'm in a really good place.
"I'm really confident with my body at the moment. It's something I don't really have to think about.
"I've had about four or five weeks off bowling then about another month of building up, so it's been almost the perfect lead-in to a big block of cricket."
That run begins with the first Test against Bangladesh, starting in Dhaka on August 27.
Cummins, a certain starter in Australia's XI given the injury-enforced absence of Mitchell Starc, is capable of hitting the 150 km/h mark and managed to extract potent bounce out of a flat track in Ranchi earlier this year.
The 24-year-old acknowledged his chief role in Bangladesh will be to dry up the runs.
But he also noted there will be times when skipper Steve Smith asks his quicks to "maybe try to intimidate".
"In India, a couple of the wickets had a little bit of pace and bounce in it, so we were able to use the bouncer a bit more," Cummins said.
"If the ball is swinging, we'll try to get a breakthrough, but (for fast bowlers) there are normally a lot of tough overs on the subcontinent."
Cummins struck teammate Glenn Maxwell during a fiery spell in a training game on Tuesday, when he also dismissed Marcus Stoinis for a duck.
"I've been bowling in the nets for quite a while but there's nothing like bowling in a game - you get a little sorer and put in a little bit more effort," he said.
"I was really happy with how a couple of spells went."
Australia batsman David Warner passes concussion test after blow
Pakistan cricketer Zubair Ahmed dies after being hit by bouncer

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Spicy Chilli Pepper. Young & single!
My life has an AMAZING cast ~ I just wish I could figure out the plot! I'm a type A personality but my biggest indulgence is entertaining my daydreams.
sh101 hasn't asked any friends to write a recommendation yet.


JGI NZ, along with the University of Canterbury, the Student Volunteer Army (SVA) and Sumner School hosted a very special Roots & Shoots event. Dr. Jane addressed a packed school hall of students, parents and teachers and spoke about about Roots & Shoots and how the programme is creating change all over the world.
Student team representing all years then presented their Roots & Shoots projects, to the great delight of all, especially Dr Jane.
Dr Goodall then meet with the SVA and discussed volunteerism and the work SVA groups and participants in the UCan Programme have been achieving.
Sumner school students worked hard on Roots & Shoots projects prior to Dr Jane's visit.


text:
Biology 12 - Academic Course
Digital Electronics, Computers, and Technology
Physics 11 - Academic Course
Physics 12 U - Academic Course
Online Credit Courses
Parent Category: Science 10
ECOSYSTEMS AND ECOLOGY
An ecosystem is the resulting habitat of all the relationships among the living and non-living parts of a particular environment.
An ecosystem with a large biodiversity will contain many types of organisms.
In a healthy ecosystem, each organism fills a niche, i.e., each has a certain place and role in the ecosystem. For example, owls live in wooded areas and eat rodents, worms live in the soil and digest its nutrients while keeping it loose for the growth of plants, and trees provide cover for all of these.
In a healthy ecosystem, resources remain properly distributed and competition among the organisms is at a level that does not decrease too many of their resources too quickly. But, competition for a niche may increase if a new organism enters an ecosystem and encroaches on the space and food already used by an existing species. In that case, there may be a loser as one of the competitors experiences a population decrease or perhaps even a local extinction.
Human activity often allow species to come in contact that would otherwise hardly impact one another. Think of the rabbits introduced to Australia. With no natural predators, their numbers exploded. Native grass eaters suffered as the rabbits ate large percentages of their food plants.
Another example is the development and accidental release of experimental Africanized bees in Brazil in the 1950's. As they spread northward, they pushed out or took over colonies of native bees.
On a personal level, just about any time we enter some new area, we may be unknowingly importing some organism with us that remains there when we return home. What is the effect of this? Sometimes, nothing obvious but we must be aware of our potential to upset ecosystems.
Non-living things like sunlight, temperature, and wind levels are abiotic elements of the ecosystem.
The biotic elements of the ecosystem are all its living things.
Carnivores are organisms that et primarily flesh (meat); usually animals.
Animals that feed on plants are herbivores, those that feed on other animals are carnivores and animals in the chain that can feed on both plants and animals and are called omnivores.
A general term for an animal is heterotroph because it can not make its own food as can a plant which is an autotroph.
One indicator of the overall health of an ecosystem is the health of its indicator species. An indicator species is an organism whose health reflects the state of balance among the other components in that environment.
Some researchers use a common amphibian, the frog, as an indicator species. Frogs and other amphibians can be found in a wide variety of environments from warm swamps to city parks to mountainous terrain. Their body structure allows them to live in the ecotone (zone) where terrestrial and aquatic environments meet. As tadpoles they are part of an aquatic food chain; as adults they fit into a terrestrial food chain. Because they are part of two worlds and part of two food chains, frogs are especially useful as living measuring sticks of the health of their environments.
The Jungle Venomous Toad,
- Tropical Ecosystems
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Mobile Applications are often insecure. There can be a lot of reasons leading to the vulnerabilities – the most common being developer mistakes.
So how do you ensure the apps you are developing are secure, and don't have any serious security issues. A good starting point is the OWASP Mobile Top 10. Before launching the application on the Google Play Store or App Store, you should also conduct a thorough security assessment of the app by your internal security team or through an security firm with an expertise in Mobile Security – Attify.
We at Attify work with developers and organisations around the world, helping them secure their mobile applications and preventing them from getting hacked.
We have described briefly about the individual categories in the below infographic.
Feel free to share the article with your folks to spread the awareness about Mobile Application Security.


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text:
Romo in 2010
San Francisco Giants – No. 54
Relief pitcher
Born: (1983-03-04) March 4, 1983 (age 36)
Bats: Right Throws: Right
June 26, 2008, for the San Francisco Giants
(through July 22, 2015)
Win–loss record
San Francisco Giants (2008–present)
3× World Series Champion (2010, 2012, 2014)
This Year in Baseball Setup Man of the Year Award (2012)
All-Star (2013)
Sergio Francisco Romo (born March 4, 1983) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the San Francisco Giants of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has pitched for the Giants since 2008.
As a closer for the Giants, he recorded three saves during the 2012 World Series, helping the Giants win the title.[1] During the playoffs, he had saves in the clinching games of the NL Division Series and the World Series.
2 College career
3 Professional career
3.1 2008–09
3.2 2010–present
3.3 Pitches
Romo was born in Brawley, California to Mexican parents.[2] His grandfather and father both played baseball; his grandfather was a member of the Mexico City Diablos Rojos. Frank, Sergio's father, built a pitching mound in the backyard and taught Romo how to throw.[3] He graduated from Brawley Union High School in 2001,[3] having played shortstop and third base on the baseball team.[4] With no scholarship offers from four-year colleges,[5] Romo nearly signed enlistment papers to follow his father in the U.S. Navy, but opted to play baseball at junior college instead.[6]
College career
Romo first went to Orange Coast College before transferring to Arizona Western College. Romo was named to the All-Region I second team of the Arizona Community College Athletic Conference in 2002 and 2003. In 159 innings, Romo earned a 16-4 overall record with a 2.79 earned run average (ERA).[7]
For his junior and senior years, Romo played NCAA Division II baseball at two colleges: the University of North Alabama (2004) and Mesa State College (2005).[8] He was named First-Team All-Gulf South Conference in 2004 while playing for North Alabama and was 10-3 with a 3.69 ERA in 97.1 innings.[8] In his senior year with Mesa State, he was the Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference Pitcher of the Year.[9] In 2009, the RMAC named Romo "All-Time Top Pitcher."[10]
Romo was drafted by the Giants in the 28th round (852nd overall) of the 2005 Major League Baseball Draft.[11] He began his professional career with the Salem-Keizer Volcanoes of the Single-A short season Northwest League. Used as a starter, he had a 7–1 record and a 2.75 ERA in 68 2⁄3 innings. His seven wins led the Northwest League, while his 65 strikeouts ranked ninth.[12]
The following year, Romo was assigned to the Augusta GreenJackets of the Single-A South Atlantic League. In 31 games (10 starts) he had a 10–2 record, a 2.53 ERA, 95 strikeouts, and four saves in 103 1⁄3 innings. He made 41 relief appearances for the San Jose Giants of the Single-A advanced California League in 2007, compiling a 6–2 record, a 1.36 ERA, 106 strikeouts, and nine saves in 66 1⁄3 innings of work.[13] Romo's 14.38 strikeouts per 9 innings pitched was the fourth-best mark in the minors, and milb.com named Romo the Class A Advanced Relief Pitcher of the Year.[14] Aided by his contributions, San Jose won the California League championship.[15]
Romo began the 2008 season with the Double-A Connecticut Defenders of the Eastern League. Used as the closer, he had 11 saves in 27 games, although his ERA was 4.00.[13]
Romo had his contract purchased by the San Francisco Giants on June 24, 2008, when Vinnie Chulk was designated for assignment.[16] He made his big league debut on June 26, 2008, in a 4–1 loss to the Cleveland Indians, striking out two in an inning pitched.[17] Romo posted a 2.35 ERA in his first 15 games but was designated for assignment on August 6, because the Giants were adding up two relief pitchers. Romo was on trade waivers at the time and thus could not be optioned to the minors.[18] He was eventually sent to the minors, but was recalled on August 16, when Jonathan Sánchez was placed on the disabled list. Romo replaced Matt Palmer in the bullpen as Palmer took Sánchez's rotation spot.[19] During the 2008 season, Romo dominated left-handed hitters, which is unusual for a right-handed pitcher.[20] In 29 games as a rookie, Romo had a 3–1 record, a 2.12 ERA, 33 strikeouts, and eight walks in 34 innings.[14] He played winter baseball with the Águilas de Mexicali of the Mexican Pacific League. In nine relief appearances, Romo made six of seven attempted saves and posted a 2.89 ERA.[21]
Romo started the 2009 season on the disabled list with a right elbow sprain, and was activated on May 30, 2009. From June 5 through June 20, he threw 7 2⁄3 scoreless innings, allowing just two hits. He picked up wins on both June 19 and 20, against the Texas Rangers.[14] He completed his first major league save on July 7 against the Florida Marlins. He got the last two outs of the game, both of which were via the strikeout.[22] Romo had a 2.31 ERA through July 11, but in four games between July 11 and 20, he gave up seven runs in two innings, raising his ERA to 6.59. He then had a 2.21 ERA in his final 27 games, which brought his ERA down to 3.97 at the end of the year. In 45 games, he had a 5–2 record, 41 strikeouts, and 11 walks in 34 innings. He was one of eight NL relievers to allow one or fewer home runs. Romo also stranded 92.9% of inherited runners, second in the NL to Juan Rincón's 95%.[14]
Romo got off to a tough start to the 2010 season, posting a 4.50 ERA through his first 14 games and losing three of them. Starting May 9, he posted a 1.50 ERA in his final 54 games of the year. In mid-June, Giants' manager Bruce Bochy removed the struggling Guillermo Mota from the setup role and replaced him with Romo, who held it for the rest of the regular season.[23][24] Romo gained notoriety for being one of the team's "Beards", along with LHP Jeremy Affeldt and closer Brian Wilson.[25] In 68 games (second to Wilson on the Giants), Romo had a 5–3 record, a 2.18 ERA, 70 strikeouts, and 14 walks in 62 innings. This year, he held right-handed batters to a .185 average. His 5.00 strikeout-to-walk ratio ranked sixth among NL relievers, and his 2.18 ERA ranked 10th.[14]
File:Romo (9597442018).jpg
Romo pitching for the Giants in 2013
In Game 2 of the National League Division Series (NLDS) against the Atlanta Braves, Romo gave up two hits without recording an out; both runners scored as the Giants went on to blow a three-run lead and lose 5–4 in 11 innings.[26] Romo replaced Sánchez in the eighth inning of Game 3 and allowed a go-ahead two-run home run to Eric Hinske but was charged with the win as the Giants rallied in the ninth to win 3–2.[27] The Giants won the series in four games.[28] In Game 4 of the NL Championship Series (NLCS) against the Philadelphia Phillies, Romo gave up an RBI double to Jayson Werth and was charged with a blown save, but the Giants won 6–5.[29] He held the Phillies scoreless in his other two outings of the series (losses in Games 2 and 5), and the Giants won the series in six games.[30][31] Romo made one appearance in the World Series against the Texas Rangers, throwing 2⁄3 of a scoreless eighth inning in the Giants' 11–7 victory.[32] Romo earned his first World Series ring as the Giants won the series in five games to win their first title since 1954.[33]
In 2011, Romo became the fifth reliever in MLB history to throw nine or more consecutive perfect innings, retiring thirty straight batters in 10 innings over a span of fourteen games from July 4 through August 6.[14] From August 16 through August 28, he was on the disabled list with right elbow inflammation.[34][35] From June 30 through September 23, he had the longest scoreless streak of his career, throwing 21 2⁄3 scorless innings. Romo appeared in 65 games in 2011; his stat line for the year was: 3–1 record, 1.50 ERA, 70 strikeouts, five walks, 13.1 K/9, and .9 BB/9 in 48 innings. His ERA was the third-lowest among NL relievers, and his strikeout-to-walk ratio of 14:1 was the best in MLB and the best ever since Dennis Eckersley's 18.25:1 ratio in 1990. He stranded 81.8% of runners (fifth in the NL) and trailed only Kris Medlen in strike percentage (71%) among NL pitchers with at least 20 innings pitched.[14]
Romo performed very well to begin the 2012 season and did not allow an earned run until May 17, 2012. After Brian Wilson underwent Tommy John surgery in April, Santiago Casilla was given the closer role. Casilla blew five out of ten saves entering August, however; Bochy announced on August 7 that the Giants would use a "bullpen by committee" strategy, with Romo Javier López, and Jeremy Affeldt pitching the final two innings of close games, depending on which hitters they would be facing.[36] Romo and López received most of the save opportunities; Affeldt only had one save after that point.[37][38][39] From then through the end of the season, Romo converted nine out of nine save opportunities and posted a 1.33 ERA.[38] Romo appeared in 69 games of the 2012 season, earning 14 saves with a 1.79 ERA, which was fourth among NL relievers and trailed only Craig Kimbrel (1.01), Aroldis Chapman (1.51) and Eric O'Flaherty (1.73).[14] The Giants won the NL West; in the NLDS against the Cincinnati Reds, Romo appeared in three games, winning Game 2 and saving Game 5. He pitched in all four of the Giants' wins in the NLCS against the St. Louis Cardinals but did not get a single save opportunity. However, in the World Series against the Detroit Tigers, he made three appearances and recorded the save in each of them.[30] He pitched the final inning of the deciding Game 4 and struck out three straight, including Miguel Cabrera for the last out and the Giants' win.[1] In the Series, Romo pitched three perfect innings and had five strikeouts.[14]
In February 2013, Romo and the Giants agreed to a two-year, $9 million contract.[40] Romo began the 2013 season as the Giants' closer. He had 10 saves in April, second in Giants' history for the month to Rod Beck (11).[14] On July 14, he was added to the NL All Star Game roster after Jeff Locke and Jordan Zimmermann made starts on Sunday and became ineligible to pitch. It was the first All-Star selection of his career.[41] However, Romo was not used in the All-Star Game.[42] In August, Romo converted all nine of his save opportunities.[14] Romo finished the 2013 season with a 2.54 earned run average and 38 saves in 43 chances, appearing in 65 games. He had a career-high five wins but also a career-high eight losses.[14] His 38 saves made him the sixth Giant to achieve 30 saves in a season and tied him for third in the league with Chapman, behind Kimbrel's 50 and Rafael Soriano's 43.[14][43]
Romo began the 2014 season well, with a 1.65 ERA and 12 saves through May 9. However, Romo struggled after that, recording five blown saves and a 9.00 ERA from May 9 to June 30. Romo was removed from the closer role on that date, with the Giants announcing their intention to go to a closer-by-committee.[44] Used as the eighth inning setup man for the remainder of the season, Romo appeared 30 times after July 1 and had a 2.10 ERA over 25 2⁄3 innings with 32 strikeouts and 5 walks.[45] He finished the year 6–4 with a 3.72 ERA, 59 strikeouts in 58 innings, and 12 walks over 64 games. In save opportunities, he was 23 for 28.[14] In the 2014 NLDS against the Washington Nationals, Romo pitched three scoreless innings over three games.[30] He took the loss in Game 2 of the NLCS against the Cardinals after allowing a game-ending home run to Kolten Wong.[46] He recovered to earn the win in Game 3 by retiring Matt Holliday as the Giants won in extra innings.[47] In the 2014 World Series, Romo appeared in two games, pitching 21⁄3 innings with 4 strikeouts and no runs allowed, earning his third World Series championship with the Giants.[48]
On December 22, 2014, Romo and the Giants finalized a two-year contract worth $15 million.[49][50]
With a low-three quarters delivery Romo features three pitches: a slider that sits 75-79 mph which he uses against right handed batters, a two seam fastball sitting 88-90, and a change up which he uses against left handed hitters, sitting 80-83.
Romo possesses the ability to analyze and correct his own mistakes, which he has done since his rookie season. After one game in 2008, Romo, while watching video, noted he had been leaning over more than usual in the game. He said, "I felt like I was overcorrecting just a little bit," and worried that this affected his pitch command.[20]
Through 2013, Romo led all post-integration MLB pitchers in lowest career FIP with a minimum of 250 innings pitched. His career 2.24 ERA was second only to Mariano Rivera.[51]
Sergio and Chelsea Romo married when he was in the minors and she was in college. They had their first child, a boy, Rilen Serge Romo, in January 2006, followed by their second son, Rex Ryder Romo, in September 2011.
Inline citations
↑ 1.0 1.1 Waldstein, David (October 29, 2012). "With Game and Title on Line, Romo Turns Up Heat on Cabrera". New York Times. New York Times. Retrieved November 1, 2012. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles> Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "New_York_Times" defined multiple times with different content
↑ Dowd, Katie. "Sergio Romo makes political statement with T-shirt". SFGate. San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved November 1, 2012. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ 3.0 3.1 Elliott Almond (October 27, 2012). "World Series: Sergio Romo's roots run deep". San Jose Mercury News. Retrieved January 28, 2015. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Purdy, Mark (July 11, 2011). "Maybe San Francisco Giants pitchers could provide hitting punch". San Jose Mercury News. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Killion, Ann (October 29, 2012). "Sergio Romo, through the Bruce at-bat". The San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved November 2, 2012. The few scouts who saw Sergio in high school dismissed him as being too small. He asked Frank, "Why didn't you make me 6 feet?" He had no offers from a four-year school. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Poole, Monte (October 16, 2012). "San Francisco Giants reliever Sergio Romo took tough road to big leagues". Bay Area News Group. Retrieved November 2, 2012. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "2003 ACCAC baseball All-Region 1 teams". ACCAC. Retrieved July 22, 2011. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ 8.0 8.1 "Mesa State Profiles 2005". Mesa State College. Archived from the original on December 27, 2005. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "Romo called up to the Majors". MesaMavs.com. Mesa State College. August 18, 2008. Retrieved June 29, 2011. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "RMAC names All-Time baseball team" (PDF). Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference. March 25, 2009. Retrieved July 22, 2011. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "2005 First-Year Player Draft Tracker". MLB.com. Retrieved November 2, 2012. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "2005 Northwest League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference (Minors). Retrieved July 31, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ 13.0 13.1 "Sergio Romo Minor League Statistics & History". Baseball-Reference (Minors). Retrieved July 31, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ 14.00 14.01 14.02 14.03 14.04 14.05 14.06 14.07 14.08 14.09 14.10 14.11 14.12 14.13 "Sergio Romo Stats, Video Highlights, Photos, Bio". MLB.com. Retrieved July 31, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "Travis Ishikawa Stats, Video Highlights, Photos, Bio". MLB.com. Retrieved July 30, 2013. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Haft, Chris (June 24, 2008). "Chulk designated for assignment". MLB.com. Retrieved August 4, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Biderman, David (June 27, 2008). "Romo savors big league debut". MLB.com. Retrieved August 5, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Biderman, David (August 6, 2008). "Yabu, Sadler return to Giants' bullpen". MLB.com. Retrieved August 6, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Haft, Chris (August 16, 2008). "Sanchez's scratch hands Palmer shot". MLB.com. Retrieved August 6, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ 20.0 20.1 Haft, Chris (August 31, 2008). "Reliever Romo dominating left-handers". MLB.com. Retrieved August 6, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Haft, Chris (November 6, 2008). "Romo feels at home in Mexicali". MLB. Retrieved July 22, 2011. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Haft, Chris (July 8, 2009). "Giants' Zito delivers timely gem vs. Fish". MLB.com. Retrieved August 7, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "Sergio Romo 2010 Pitching Gamelogs". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved August 8, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "Guillermo Mota 2010 Pitching Gamelogs". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved May 25, 2011. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Aaron Britt (October 10, 2010). "Beards are in style for Giants' playoffs". San Francisco Chronicle. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Kruth, Cash (October 9, 2010). "Stalwart bullpen lets down Giants". MLB.com. Retrieved August 5, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Baggarly, Andrew (October 11, 2010). "Giants take advantage of miscues, beat Braves 3–2". San Jose Mercury News. Retrieved October 11, 2010. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Schulman, Henry (October 12, 2010). "Giants finish off Braves, on to Philly". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved May 13, 2011. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Haft, Chris (October 21, 2010). "Giants bullpen bends, doesn't break vs. Phils". MLB.com. Retrieved August 8, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ 30.0 30.1 30.2 "Sergio Romo Postseason Pitching Gamelogs". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved August 8, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Haft, Chris (October 24, 2010). "SF wins on Juan swing; Philly KO'd, looking". MLB.com. Retrieved July 25, 2013. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Langosch, Jenifer (October 28, 2010). "Bochy takes no risks in managing 'pen". MLB.com. Retrieved August 8, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Haft, Chris (November 2, 2010). "Giants win the Series! Giants win the Series!". MLB.com. Retrieved March 22, 2012. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Haft, Chris (August 17, 2011). "Banged up Giants put Beltran, Romo on DL". MLB.com. Retrieved August 9, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Haft, Chris (August 28, 2011). "Surkamp, Runzler sent out to open roster spots". MLB.com. Retrieved August 9, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Still, Mike (August 8, 2012). "Giants using matchups for late-inning relief". Giants.MLB.com. Retrieved January 14, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "Javier Lopez 2012 Pitching Gamelogs". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 14, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ 38.0 38.1 "Sergio Romo 2012 Pitching Gamelogs". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 14, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "Jeremy Affeldt 2012 Pitching Gamelogs". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 14, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Silva, Drew (February 6, 2013). "Sergio Romo agrees to two-year, $9M contract with Giants". NBC Sports. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Haft, Chris (July 14, 2013). "Romo proud and grateful for All-Star nod". MLB.com. Retrieved December 17, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Haft, Chris (July 18, 2013). "Bochy explains decisions on Giants' All-Stars". MLB.com. Retrieved December 17, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "2013 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 17, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "Sergio Romo out as Giants closer". ESPN.com. June 30, 2014. Retrieved July 1, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "Sergio Romo Game-by-Game Stats (2014)". ESPN.com. Retrieved December 31, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Ringolsby, Tracy (October 13, 2014). "Bullpen blemish stuns Bochy, Giants". MLB.com. Retrieved January 6, 2015. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "Giants walk off in 10th on Cards' throwing error, take 2-1 NLCS lead". ESPN.com. October 14, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Lucas, Adam (October 29, 2014). "Romo, Giants Clinch Third World Series in Five Seasons". WesternSlopeNow.com. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "Report: Giants re-sign reliever Sergio Romo for two years, $15M". Yahoo Sports. December 17, 2014. Retrieved December 22, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "Giants re-sign reliever Romo to 2-year deal". San Francisco Giants. Retrieved December 22, 2014. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "Major League Leaderboards, Career Statistics 1947-2013". Baseball Info Solutions. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
Brown, Daniel (September 26, 2014). "Giants' Sergio Romo inspired a teen girl to keep fighting." San Jose Mercury News. Retrieved October 2, 2014.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sergio Romo.
Career statistics and player information from MLB, or ESPN, or Baseball-Reference, or Fangraphs, or The Baseball Cube, or Baseball-Reference (Minors)
Sergio Romo on Twitter
San Francisco Giants current roster
2 Denard Span
5 Matt Duffy
6 Jarrett Parker
8 Hunter Pence
9 Brandon Belt
12 Joe Panik
14 Trevor Brown
21 Conor Gillaspie
22 Jake Peavy
28 Buster Posey
29 Jeff Samardzija
35 Brandon Crawford
37 Kelby Tomlinson
40 Madison Bumgarner
46 Santiago Casilla
47 Johnny Cueto
49 Javier López
56 Albert Suárez
60 Hunter Strickland
61 Josh Osich
62 Cory Gearrin
64 Derek Law
68 Chris Stratton
70 George Kontos
Inactive roster
34 Andrew Susac
48 Steven Okert
51 Mac Williamson
52 Clayton Blackburn
53 Chris Heston
57 Mike Broadway
65 Ray Black
67 Joan Gregorio
71 Ty Blach
73 Kyle Crick
74 Jake Smith
76 Adalberto Mejía
Disabled list
13 Ehíré Adríanza
16 Ángel Pagán
18 Matt Cain
54 Sergio Romo
Manager 15 Bruce Bochy
Bench 10 Ron Wotus
First base 58 Bill Hayes
Third base 39 Roberto Kelly
Hitting 31 Hensley Meulens
Assistant hitting 33 Steve Decker
Pitching 19 Dave Righetti
Bullpen 26 Mark Gardner
Bullpen catcher 88 Eli Whiteside
Bullpen catcher 99 Taira Uematsu
Special assistant -- Chad Chop
Special assistant -- Shawon Dunston
San Francisco Giants 2010 World Series Champions
5 Juan Uribe
9 Pat Burrell
10 Travis Ishikawa
12 Nate Schierholtz
13 Cody Ross (NLCS MVP)
14 Mike Fontenot
16 Édgar Rentería (World Series MVP)
17 Aubrey Huff
21 Freddy Sanchez
22 Eli Whiteside
33 Aaron Rowand
38 Brian Wilson
41 Jeremy Affeldt
48 Pablo Sandoval
52 Ramón Ramírez
55 Tim Lincecum
56 Andrés Torres
57 Jonathan Sánchez
59 Guillermo Mota
Bench Coach 23 Ron Wotus
First Base Coach 39 Roberto Kelly
Third Base Coach 1 Tim Flannery
Pitching Coach 19 Dave Righetti
Hitting Coach 31 Hensley Meulens
Bullpen Coach 26 Mark Gardner
General Manager Brian Sabean
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5 Ryan Theriot
12 Xavier Nady
13 Joaquín Árias
19 Marco Scutaro
29 Héctor Sánchez
32 Ryan Vogelsong
48 Pablo Sandoval (World Series MVP)
50 José Mijares
75 Barry Zito
Bullpen Catcher 58 Bill Hayes
2 Juan Pérez
17 Tim Hudson
38 Michael Morse
40 Madison Bumgarner (NLCS and World Series MVP)
52 Yusmeiro Petit
63 Jean Machi
Assistant Hitting Coach 5 Joe Lefebvre
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Mexico National Baseball Team 2013 World Baseball Classic roster
3 Jorge Cantú
8 Edgar Gonzalez
9 Sebastián Valle
11 Daniel Rodríguez
13 Rodrigo López
14 Eduardo Arredondo
18 Luis Alfonso García
21 Gil Velazquez
23 Adrian Gonzalez
24 Humberto Cota
25 Walter Ibarra
27 Cesar Ramos
31 José Cobos
39 Luis Mendoza
41 Marco Estrada
42 Horacio Ramírez
42 Arnold León
45 Francisco Rodríguez
46 Óliver Pérez
47 Luis Cruz
49 Yovani Gallardo
52 Dennys Reyes
57 Óscar Villarreal
59 Fernando Salas
64 Alí Solís
68 Efren Navarro
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91 Alfredo Aceves
95 Karim García
Manager Rick Renteria
Coach Rubén Amaro
Coach Juan Castro
Coach Teddy Higuera
Coach Ever Magallanes
Coach Sid Monge
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2004: Rodríguez
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2006: Zumaya
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2009: Affeldt
2010: Benoit
2011: Robertson
2012: Romo
2013: Melancon
2014: Davis
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Use mdy dates from December 2014
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text:
At Least the Rest of DC Isn't Beholden to the DCEU's Failures
Now it can be just one of DC's projects. Not the center of its universe.
Kenneth Shepard, MARCH 19, 2021
For better or worse, I think I'm at peace with what the DC Extended Universe is now.
Zack Snyder's Justice League is streaming now. And I spent the four hours to see if DC, Warner Bros. and Snyder could Frankenstein a good movie out of the 2017 monstrosity. I ultimately came away from the new cut feeling like it was an objectively better version of a still not good film. Turns out when you make a two hour movie twice as long, you can better explore characters that were criminally underserved the first time. But I don't think Snyder's involvement was ever going to save the movie from the larger failings of the DCEU.
There's a lot to dissect in the movie's new additions. There's also a great deal that can be said about how it's still a poster child for DC's overambition in creating a film universe without the patience to give every character and plot point its due. Even a four hour film can't do the heavy lifting of several movies that introduce heroes and their respective deals. But looking at the breadth of DC's current output, I think I'm coming to the conclusion that I'd rather just watch/read/play other DC content than get too invested in a film universe that's in such a precarious state.
Generally, I do like the Marvel Cinematic Universe's style. All these movies and television shows filling out a universe that feels interconnected. It means that even when characters are retired, their presence lingers, and I'm given reason to care about what follows even if a favorite like Tony Stark or Steve Rogers goes away. But being a Marvel fan who might not jive with decisions made in the MCU is kind of stuck within it. That same interconnected story means it's very difficult to escape it, or its influence on things like Crystal Dynamics' Avengers game.
In a way, the fact that the DC Extended Universe hasn't become this ubiquitous, all-encompassing thing is freeing as a fan. To know that, even if I think the film continuity is a tragedy of errors, mismanagement, and just…weird as heck tonal decisions….I can still engage with my favorite heroes elsewhere without having to care about any of it.
CW Breaks My Heart by Passing on Green Arrow and the Canaries Series
I Will Only Learn How to Build a PC By Watching Henry Cavill Do it in a Tank Top
ICYMI: Suicide Squad and Gotham Knights are DC's Next Big Co-op Games
I recently started watching the animated Harley Quinn series (which I may have started as an emotional buffer before watching Zack Snyder's Justice League), and it's reminding me just on how many different fronts I've kept my fingers on DC's pulse over the years. This show is one of the funniest interpretations of DC's characters in a way that is especially refreshing after the dark tone of the front half of the DCEU. That same slapstick, joyful view of this world is what has made Legends of Tomorrow so appealing to me (although it's part of a bigger live-action universe that has been relatively better managed than DC's movies), on top of Matt Ryan's version of John Constantine being such a delight.
And it's not like the DCEU is the sole progenitor of DC's bad decisions. Green Arrow is my favorite superhero, and the only time he got to be the major focus of his own live-action adaptation was in the TV series Arrow, which turns the usually jovial archer into a Batman clone all broody and dark. And also turned him into a literal cop in one season. But I'm free to ignore that, and look for my Oliver Queen content elsewhere. Such as my favorite fighting game Injustice 2, or his excellent run in DC Rebirth.
I think there's always going to be part of me that wished the DC Extended Universe had played out to be a deliberately interwoven string of films that prioritized people knowing the universe would follow. But as I sat at the end of Zack Snyder's Justice League with mostly ho-hum feelings, I think I'm relieved it wasn't. Because now DC's output doesn't feel beholden to it. There are more places to experiment, to leave things without cliffhangers hinting at a future that will excite comic hardcore while everyone else has to Google what it meant after. And in the meantime, the movies have been better. Birds of Prey and Shazam feel festive in a way their predecessors weren't. So rather than be prickly about Justice League, Snyder or not, I'm just gonna go watch another episode of Harley Quinn.


I read that andrenaline and ephedra cause the same reactions in the body.
Could it be that after quiting taking ephedra for many years as a training supplement, your body will compensate for the deficiency by producing andrenaline? Could this cause anxiety in turn?
It definitely sounds and feels like it could be true. The anxiety started more or less , extept for the ocasional attack, when the Ephedra stopped.
Anxiety and the "climb the walls out" feeling of ephedra are VERY close. With Ephedra i just used to feel in control.
Anxious, it sounds like your symptoms might be due to withdrawal and should pass within 2-3 weeks after quitting. If it doesn't, the best would be to see your doctor. Good luck.


text:
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}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Full of highest highs and lowest lows, one long blog post about it just touches the surface. I set a boatload of running PRs. I traveled to 9 countries and 9 US states. I volunteered at 3 races and completed 2 pacing gigs. I watched Adam give everything he had on Boylston Street and felt my heart break when he couldn't go on. I felt ashamed and broken with my job loss at the end of June. I spent the summer chasing course records - finding a new sense of grit and determination. I started a new career and happily found myself less stressed and more balanced. My body aches a bit more than it used to, but my mind is the strongest it has every been.
Shoutout to Megan for the awesome racing nail art!
Strava stats - 2,600 running miles, 2,828 including walking/hiking miles.
*Adam has a recorded time of 1:12:19, but I'm not listed as a finisher?
I returned to run the G.U.T.S. (Georgia Ultrarunning & Trailrunning Society) 50K a week after I had completed a 6-hour race. It was 16°F at the start and I spent a good bit of the race in the mental pain cave. But, I ended up 1st female, 4th overall, and improved on my time from 2016 completing the race in 5:16:24.
A few weeks later, I got a terrible sinus infection and actually took a few days off running. Adam & I flew to Miami to visit his parents that weekend and I naturally jumped on the chance to run the Miami Marathon (again). The extra taper must have helped because I had a huge negative split - a 1:42:01/1:38:33 with a finish of 3:20:34. I felt so good that second half!
Feeling pretty good about my fitness, I decided to run the Mercedes Birmingham Marathon 2 weeks later. Typically it is cool and while the course is a bit hilly, it is still reasonably fast. However, it was humid on race day and I ended up feeling the complete opposite of Miami in the second half. But going out fast paid off with a 7 second PR - 3:19:15!
The best part was the mini road trip with Megan & Frank. They let me crash in their hotel room, drove me to the start, and came to cheer me on at the finish! Plus, we took a mini tour of where I used to live in Vestavia Hills and filled up on Milo's before we left town.
Albany had been in my back pocket for awhile. A lot of the local tri people I run with had touted it as fast and flat. So I did a couple of tune-up workouts and 3 weeks later, I was racing my 3rd marathon of 2017. This time I was nervous, but confident that I could pull off a sub-3:15 marathon if it was my day. I had recently found out that I didn't get into the lottery for the NYC marathon so I was extra-motivated to get a time qualifier. Everything went perfect. 3:13:58!
While there were other silly challenges I partook in, my favorite Muskrat Challenge Event involved eating a pie (1/3 per mile) and running 3.14 miles. I'm proud (??) to say I ate an entire pumpkin pie AND ran 3.14 miles in 27:40. And I didn't puke!
I did my version of a girls weekend in early April. Jenster hosted myself, Angie, and Caitlin in Raleigh. We spent 5 hours Saturday helping at one of the Umstead 50/100 mile aid stations and paced/raced the Rock 'n' Roll Raleigh marathon Sunday. I was lucky and saw both Casey and Jay while we were doing a short run at Umstead! Then I got to see John (running) & Casey (spectating) at RNR. I paced the 3:45 group and we came in a little fast at 3:43:56! There was lots of beer, food, and laughing and I was super sad when I had to leave Sunday afternoon.
After Raleigh, there was BOSTON! We traveled north on my 35th birthday and I celebrated the day with 35 selfies.
Saturday, Adam and I walked the BAA 5K. I still haven't posted my blog about it yet - it's been 8 months, but it still hits me in the feels when I think about it. We covered 2.62 miles before he collapsed for the final time just beyond the marathon finish line on Boylston. You know when you love someone so much and all you want for them is to be happy & healthy? And you are so insanely proud of them for having the courage to try? I'm not crying, you're crying.
The following Monday was my 3rd Boston Marathon. It was warm, but there was a tailwind. I raced hard from the beginning and the Newton hills chewed me up at bit. But I pushed hard again the final 10K and ended up with a 4 second PR - 3:13:54!
After years of taking vacations that centered around running, we celebrated Adam's (belated) 40th birthday by taking a trip of a lifetime. We traveled to Amsterdam via London and spent the night in a tiny little town near the airport. I shook off jet lag with a run of course.
We then traveled to Copenhagen where we hopped on a cruise ship and traveled to Latvia, Estonia, Russia, Finland, Sweden, Lithuania, and back to Denmark. We spent a few days in Copenhagen before returning home and I got in a few land runs after nearly 2 weeks of the ship treadmill. Highlights were crossing off a bucket list item (seeing the Hermitage Museum!) and meeting a fantastic group of people that we shared dinner with each night.
Keeping my marathon-or-more streak alive for one more month, I somehow managed to run a solo 26.2 on the Greenway a week after returning from our trip.
I went on a solo camping trip for about 36 hours in early June. I ran/hiked 50 horizontal miles and 2 vertical miles. It was definitely one of my year highlights (aside from losing my bear vault) - falling asleep exhausted just after sunset on the side of Tray Mountain was truly awesome.
I entered the Midsummer's Night Dream 6 hour race in hopes to grab some mileage and get some overnight running in as a kickoff to my buildup to Hinson. I felt better than the prior year and ended up with 39.3 miles total, a first place overall, and beat my own course record!
After losing my job in late June, I was having a hard time figuring out what running need to be in my life. An outlet? A pain reliever? A way to control something? It kind of took the brunt of all of that which was fortunate because I was all signed up for the 12 hour race at Merrill's Mile. Cooler temperatures and a new sense of grit made it possible to complete 70.3 miles, beating my own female course record and taking another overall win. I set a 100K PR in the process - 10:13:45.
I started my new job in late July so I just racked up the miles in August. I was running half marathons on Tuesdays as training runs and loading up my weekends with back-to-back long runs. The point was to get myself used to feeling exhausted for Hinson. It worked. The weekends on the trails were tough, but I had a lot of fun too.
I went to Chattanooga early in the month to watch Jamie compete at the World's 70.3 Championship. I also managed to see Gary and hang out with some of the local tri people as well. I am kind of obsessed with watching Ironman's (sp?) on YouTube as motivation when I run so it was extra awesome to watch a world class event in person.
I volunteered at an aid station at the Georgia Jewel for about 8 hours - a really fun way to be a part of the race without having to run!
I went into the year thinking I could touch 125 at Hinson, but I reset my goals over the summer and decided to just focus on a PR instead. The weather was a zillion times better than the previous year and I was actually really calm and really relaxed through most of the race. It did get hard and painful as these things do, but my ability to cope was far stronger in 2017. I ended up setting a female course record and came in 1st female, 3rd overall with 115.917. Though it was only my second time hitting 100 miles, I did also set a PR of 19:07 in that distance.
I knew I wasn't going to be in any capacity to run the week after Hinson so I decided to take part in the inaugural Bull Mountain run by volunteering. Anthony and I spent the morning and early afternoon swapping stories as runners came into Booger Holler. He brought his 2 BT mixes with him which naturally made us insta-friends.
Adam and I celebrated our 9th anniversary by forgoing the usual fancy-but-forgetful steakhouse dinner and visiting 9 Taco Bells. Ridiculous? Yes. Ridiculously memorable? Also yes.
Thanks to my good pal Matt, I dropped into the Greenville Marathon at the end of the month. Still feeling pooped from Hinson, I donned a beer stein costume and ran with the 4:00 hour pace group for about half the race. I found my groove and ended up finishing in 3:54:12.
I joined Sam and Dan at Pinhoti 100 to pace & crew John. I started the pacing at mile 55, Adams Gap and took him 10 miles through Clairmont Gap and traded off with Dan at mile 65, Chandler Springs. In a few hours, I jumped back into pace at mile 79, Wormy's Pulpit and brought him to the last aid station at mile 93. I was supposed to be done for the day, but I ended up pacing the very last finisher 7 miles to her first 100 mile finish with just 6 minutes to spare. Truly a day to remember!
For the 5th December in a row, I made the trek to Rehoboth Beach, Delaware to run and drink beer with my favorite internet hooligans. I had pulled my hamstring so badly on the Wednesday prior that I left November with 197 miles. By race day, I felt like I could run again, but I was totally psyched out. The first 10 miles were good, the middle 10 were horrible, the last 10K was great! I finished in 3:27:47 and earned myself a BQ for 2019!
2 weeks later, I was toeing the line with a much happier hamstring and a little bit of extra pressure as I was running in my company's marathon! The Ameris Bank Jacksonville Marathon was super duper flat - flatter than Shamrock, flatter than Myrtle Beach! Race day temps were perfect and I was ready to push the pace hard. I felt really, really strong through 20 miles and then held onto in the last 10K for a 3:17:35 finish. My 3rd fastest marathon ever!
The last race of the year was yesterday - a very last minute decision to run the 6 hour Resolution Run in Greenville. The top of my foot had felt bruised from the JAX marathon so I laced my shoes super weird and taped it up. I actually had zero pain in my foot the whole race, but my hamstring acted up from miles 15 to 20?? I was thisclose to calling it a day when the pain just kind of disappeared. Aside from that, I felt pretty good the whole race. My biggest issue was boredom and as Angie reminded me at Hinson, boredom is good - that means nothing hurts! I was super smart about my caloric intake and hovered in the high 8s for the most of the race. I ended up with a 50K PR of 4:32:21 and a 6 hour PR of 40 miles.
I have no huge goals currently for 2018 by comparison. Sure, I'm racing - I'm committed to Boston, Hinson Lake 24, NYC (assuming I get in with my time qualifier), and Rehoboth. I'm quite certain I will fill in the gaps with new running adventures. I'd like to volunteer and pace a few times, go on a 2+ night camping/running/hiking adventure, run a "real" 100 mile race, strength and stretch 30 minutes a week (baby steps, baby steps), and prepare financially and physically for running the Everest 2019 Marathon.
If I've shared miles, races, "liked" your FB posts, double-tapped your Instagram pic, gave you kudos on Strava, or bantered with you about running via text, thanks for sharing this silly sport with me. Thank you for sharing your stories and inspiring me to not only be a better runner, but a better human. Despite a few woes, 2017 was outstanding and I am lucky to have so many incredible people in my life.
For 2018, let's be in the moment. Choose to be happy. If you woke up healthy with a roof over your head and no worries about where your next meal will come from, remember just how lucky you are!
After I finished Hinson Lake in September, word got around the office that I was into running. The marketing department at our parent company, Ameris Bank, asked if I was interested in an entry to the marathon they sponsor in Jacksonville. I jumped at the offer (free marathon in driving distance - yes please!), until I realized I'd have to leave on Adam's birthday.
Fortunately, Adam is super awesome and encouraged me to go. He'd go to dinner and see Star Wars with friends and we could celebrate the evening I came back.
When I signed up, I knew I would just have to see where my fitness was to figure out how I would race. Of course, I wanted to represent the company well, but I also knew that I hadn't been putting the marathon training efforts that have netted me PRs in the past. Rehoboth was so hard and I wondered how the heck I ran 3:13 prior in the year. But I also knew in the first few miles of Rehoboth that I just did not feel strong mentally or physically.
With my runs being all over the place, I was still kind of hesitant to think I was in top form. But I laid down 4 miles without rest on Wednesday at a 6:42 pace and while I felt like I was working, the miles felt really controlled and really smooth. It was probably too close to race day to do a workout like that, but I have a hard time holding back when everything comes together.
I began my 6 hour drive mid-morning on Friday and arrived to JAX around 4:30 or so. After picking up my packet at the LRS, I connected with some of the Ameris executive team who were having dinner at a beautiful country club. I knew no one when I walked out onto the terrace overlooking the St. Johns River, but everyone was incredibly welcoming and I enjoyed meeting a bunch of really great people. I felt really lucky to be a part of the evening - a reminder that change and chance will often lead to really amazing experiences.
Though I wanted to stay longer and chat, I left around 8:00 p.m. to grab breakfast for the morning and check into my hotel. By the time I laid out my gear and climbed into bed, I was ready to sleep. Fortunately, I had 2 really good nights of sleep prior to race day (much different than Rehoboth!) and felt raring to go when I got up. I had a cup of crappy hotel coffee and a sweet sesame seed bun thing I found at the gas station (not a bagel in sight).
My plan was to park at the school for $20 and save myself the pain of trying to find local parking. Unfortunately, I got there right after the spots were filled so like a lemur, I followed cars in front of me until I got to residential street with street parking. A pajama-clad woman came up to my car door and told me I could park in a driveway next to her house in an abandoned lot. Another runner pulled in behind me and luckily saved me from later disaster when he told me I left my dome light on!
I forgot to grab a heat sheet from my car to wear before the race started and it was definitely chilly in just shorts and a tank. Florida people were wearing long sleeves, gloves, tights, etc. But I knew that if it stayed even that chilly for another hour or two, I would be ecstatic. I stood in line for the porta-potties and then meandered over to the start corrals. The 5K, half, and full all started together, but I was about 15 people back and most people "looked" like they were placed correctly ahead of me. After the national anthem and a 1 minute head start for the wheelchair division, the race started right on time.
In my head, I wanted to start with a slower mile and then drop down to the 7:30s - after that, I would see how I felt. I truly was thinking I'd run in the low 3:20s based on Rehoboth and feeling rested and race- ready. However, I felt really, really good from the start. I was jacked up and ready to race. I dropped into my intended race pace within the first half mile, but it felt easy. Of course, in the back of my mind, I feared that it would come back to haunt me, but I told myself to be brave.
I kind of feel like I screwed up my nutrition (in addition to everything else) at Rehoboth so I was very conscious to take gels every 4 miles. I skipped the water stop at 1.5 miles, but I did make sure I was getting water every stop thereafter. For the first half of the race, I honestly felt like I could feel a little boost a couple of minutes after the gel so I figured that something was working in my favor.
While the long stretches of road were incredibly boring in terms of spectators and scenery, I actually kind of prefer to just put my head down and just run hard. There were no major distractions of turns and I could just follow the shoulder of the road or the white stripe of the center line.
I hit the half in 1:36:50 - a perfect time if I had negative split the race!
It was definitely lonely in those middle miles. I tried to pick off people when I could and the last girl I remember passing was around the 10 mile point. She'd be the only other female I'd see until I got passed around mile 17 or so.
There was no defining turnaround point, but I did start to feel as though the course was headed back north. Luckily, it was completely overcast almost all morning and so there was no sun to discern which direction we were going. And despite being in Jacksonville, the course was so tree protected that I don't recall it being even the slightest bit windy. I was dumping water over my head to keep cool, but I never really felt warm.
A year ago, that would have been a really amazing PR. And it is my 3rd fastest marathon ever just 2 weeks after racing one. I'm happy with the outcome. The best part was how great I felt through the first 20 miles - especially the first 10. Those were some of the best miles I have ever raced in my life. I just felt so strong and so confident.
After I laid down in the grass for awhile, I started to walk to my car when one of the women I had met the night before called out to me. She was waiting on her husband to finish the marathon and so I stayed to grab a few finishing photos for him. Then we ended up get another great group picture at the finish.
I still have no idea what my race plans are for the upcoming months. I'd like to drop my marathon time, but I'd also love to race some ultras in cooler temperatures. I have Boston, NYC, and Rehoboth on the calendar for next year, but I'm waiting to figure out how I fill in the blanks.