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Home Article Budget Bust
Budget Bust
by Ed Schwartz
President Bush announced yesterday that his administration is ahead of schedule in reducing the federal deficit. Great news -- but it would be useful to ask who is paying the price. Unfortunately, one odd feature of this years' congressional campaigns has been the failure of the Democratic Party to ask that question forcefully, and focus public attention on a most interesting document: the 2006 federal budget.
That Republican candidates don't really want to talk about the budget is understandable. It's hard to imagine swing voters anywhere rallying to their side if they fully understood the wide range of programs supporting America's families and communities that have been cut. And indeed, not a single Democrat in the House or the Senate voted for the 2006 budget. Whatever their differences on Iraq, they were completely united on this one. Unfortunately, they seem equally united in downplaying any of this in their campaigns -- an unfortunate reflection of a common Democratic failure to make connections between national policy and local experience.
Here are a few examples what this year's budget included, and what it means:
The president claims that only he and his party are fully prepared to wage the war on terror and the Democrats can't be trusted. But the budget to support "First Responders" -- police, firefighters, and other local officials -- dropped from $3.2 billion in 2002 to $2.4 billion this year. That's a $750 million cut. The president is also working hard to terminate the major programs that provide federal support to local law enforcement -- particularly the Local Law Enforcement Grants Program and the COPS program started by Bill Clinton. He's making progress. One year after 9/11, local law enforcement agencies received $3.4 billion from Washington. Now they receive only $1.5 billion. How exactly has this made America safer?
Meanwhile, even as the country was wrestling with the consequences of neglecting our fragile infrastructure last year in the wake of Katrina, Congress voted to cut the major program used by local governments to rebuild blighted urban neighborhoods -- the Community Development Block Grant -- by $500 million. The president had wanted to eliminate the program entirely, which went too far even for the Republicans in Congress. But they still cut the program by more than 10 percent.
On education, the new name of the game is no cutback left behind. For the past two years, the president has made explicit in his annual budget proposals his desire to terminate 142 programs supporting education, including Upward Bound, the Safe and Drug Free Schools program, and vocational education. And even as Republican Senator Arlen Specter decried these proposals as "scandalous," he and his Republican colleagues ultimately approved a 5 percent cut in federal support for Title 1 funding of local schools. America's schools now receive $350 million less from Washington annually than they were getting five years ago.
And whatever happened to "compassionate conservatism?" Federal support for job training has been reduced by 37 percent over the past five years -- from annual budgets of $5 billion down to less than $3 billion this year. The budgets of programs supporting housing for the elderly and disabled, aid to distressed public housing, and low-income Community Action Agencies are $1 billion less than they were in 2002. The U.S. Conference of Mayors is now reporting a 6 percent increase in requests for emergency shelter in 24 cities they surveyed last year. But we are promised by the president that more cutbacks are yet to come in future years.
These are just a few examples. Bill Clinton used to give us an annual laundry list of programs that he wanted to fund. George Bush now gives us an annual laundry list of programs that he wants Congress to cut. The basic philosophy of the Bush administration seems to be that while it's an honor to die for your country, it's an imposition to pay for it.
Distressingly, however, few Democratic candidates have made fighting community cutbacks a major theme of their campaigns, not even in the critical swing districts that will determine who controls Congress. Nationally, the only reference to the budget in the six-point agenda released by the House Democratic leadership last June concerned "Requiring Fiscal Responsibility" and "Restoring the Budget discipline of the 1990's." The agenda pledges long-term support for education, with a commitment to expand support for Pell Grants and related programs. But that's about it. Is it any surprise that even loyal Democratic voters are now wondering where the Democratic Party stands on these issues?
In fact, once we get beyond Iraq, the disconnect in the national Democratic Party and what's happening where we live is glaring. In Philadelphia -- as is the case in many communities -- we continue to wrestle with failing schools, decaying infrastructure, rising crime, and the lack of affordable housing. Unfortunately, the forgone conclusion is that we can't expect any real help from Washington in responding to them. The result? Voters here are far more interested in who's running for mayor next year than any of the congressional campaigns --including Santorum versus Casey. It got to the point in September where an anti-Santorum group had to plead publicly with mayoral candidates to suspend their fund-raising until November.
Democratic congressional candidates are paying a potential political price for this negligence as well. While Democratic candidates are saying next to nothing about budget cuts, Republican incumbents are trumpeting the various federal grants they're able to produce for their districts. In Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district, where Lois Murphy is trying to unseat incumbent Republican Joe Gerlach, the latter lists every single grant he's brought to his district for the past three years on his campaign web site -- including some from programs he has later voted to cut. It's cute, but in the current environment, people are grateful for his efforts, since they know that these programs are disappearing. He may be helping to sink the ship, but they're thankful for the life rafts he throws out along the way.
"All politics is local," the saying goes, but that doesn't mean that only constituent services matter. It means that a candidate should be able convey both the local impact of national problems and the national implications of local problems. Conservative Republicans do well in this area. Gay marriage in New York leads to a Constitutional amendment on Capital Hill. Proposed federal changes in immigration trigger local immigration wars all over the United States.
Nothing like this is happening on the other side. Locally, Democratic mayors and governors are struggling with how to promote jobs, affordable housing, safe streets, and better schools. Nationally, beyond Iraq, Democratic candidates are talking about the 9/11 report, stem cell research, and fiscal responsibility. Do these groups even sound much like members of the same political party ?
There is still an opportunity for citizens to force these issues to the fore between now and November 7. If those who are fed up with the relentless federal disinvestment from our communities start pushing the press in these closing days of the campaign to ask candidates how they will vote -- or would vote -- on the 2007 federal budget presently working its way through Congress, that could well focus serious attention on these issues. The president is now trumpeting the success of the 2006 budget in reducing the deficit. The 2007 budget incorporates all of the cutbacks in the 2006 budget and more. It implements the sizeable cuts in the student loan program and Medicaid that were adopted by Congress last year. So how will Republican incumbents vote on the budget -- for or against? What would their Democratic challengers do? Posing such questions may not give us any final answers about the direction of our country and the prospects for rolling back the disinvestment of the Bush years, but it's a good place to start.
Ed Schwartz is President of the Institute for the Study of Civic Values in Philadelphia who served as City Councilman-at-Large in the 1980's and directed Philadelphia's Office of Housing and Community Development for 4 1/2 years. He manages the bushbudget.com web site.
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Montage of Atlantic City beach and boardwalk circa 1960s.
The exterior of a pizza shop entrance on a sunny afternoon. Typed paper documents on a table.
Various shop, cafe, and restaurant signs on the exteriors of buildings in New York City during the daytime.


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This Great Crested Grebe (Podiceps Cristatus) was feeding in Cardiff Bay. This image shows it with it's catch in it's beak.


Ms. Rasha Mortada is a compliance professional, with 22 years of experience in the banking and finance industry with leading global and local institutions. Ms. Rasha Mortada has over 14 years of experience in the compliance field covering multiple roles & responsibilities including Regulatory Compliance, Anti Money Laundering/ Counter Terrorist Financing, Sanctions, FATCA/Common Reporting Standard and Conduct Compliance covering Wholesale, Retail, Private, Brokerage, & Asset Management businesses. She holds a bachelor degree in Banking and Finance from the Lebanese American University, and an International Diploma in Compliance from the International Compliance Association. Ms. Rasha Mortada is also currently a member of UAE Banks Federation Compliance Committee.
Nader Mahmood is a banking professional with more than 30 years of experience in finance and banking and joined ABG in March 2019. Prior to that Mahmood worked with Gulf International Bank (B.S.C.), Bahrain, most recently as Head of Group Compliance responsible for overseeing and coordinating compliance functions and activities, including regulatory compliance, corporate governance, anti-money laundering and international sanctions across the network of offices worldwide. Before this appointment, he held a number of senior positions in compliance, AML, and Internal Audit areas within the banking industry. Mahmood commenced his professional career with Bahrain Petroleum Company (Bapco). During his working career, Mahmood has gained varied experience in compliance, audit, credit control, investment & treasury, and trade finance fields.
Joined Arab Bank in December 2002 as Director of Group Regulatory Compliance, Mr. Dabbour has more than 21 years of experience in Regulatory Compliance Risk Management, Combatting Financial Crimes, Anti Money Laundering, Sanctions and Embargo Programs, and Audit and Compliance. He spent 7 years working for a "Big Four" public accounting firm. Mr. Dabbour participated as a speaker in several national and international conferences and workshops on Regulatory Compliance, Combatting Financial Crimes, Anti Money Laundering, Combatting Terrorism Financing, and Corporate Governance. Mr. Dabbour is a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) and Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialist (CAMS).
Eduardo Rangel is the Deputy Group Chief Compliance Officer at BANK ABC, Bahrain. Previously Mr. Rangel was the Head of Global Financial Crime Compliance Advisory across EMEA at J.P. MORGAN in London. Also, he has served independently as a Compliance and Regulatory Reporting Adviser based in Stockholm, servicing clients in Scandinavia and continental Europe. Before then, Mr. Rangel was Senior Regional Corporate Counsel for Europe at CEMEX in Madrid. Mr. Rangel enjoys a career in compliance and legal spanning over 25 years designing and implementing compliance programs for banks, financial institutions, corporate clients/multinationals and the public sector. Providing SME advisory in financial crimes and sanctions, counseling industry standards to fulfil regulatory reporting obligations with central banks, financial authorities and regulators and guiding on best practices to manage & mitigate risks associated with financial products and services, traditional and structured trade finance, insurance and reinsurance for clients in over 35 jurisdictions. Mr. Rangel graduated as an Attorney-at-Law from UANL's Law School and received an M.P.A in Public Finance and Securities from Rockefeller College of Public Affairs & Policy at the University at Albany, SUNY and an L.L.M. in International Finance from Harvard Law School. He currently serves as the Vice-Chairman of the Committee of International Standards at the Bahrain Association of Banks.
Mr. Jebeyli is the Group Head for legal and compliance, covering all Group Audi entities. He is a General Manager, member of the Group Executive Committee, Chairman of the Compliance Officers Committee of the Association of Banks in Lebanon and President of Compliance Officers Committee at the World Union of Arab Bankers.
Prior to joining Bank Audi in 1997, he was the Managing Director for Legal & Compliance at Citibank – Middle East & North Africa. Before Citibank, he was in private legal practice in the USA with focus on commercial and banking matters.
Mr. Jebeyli is a former Lebanese Judge and a member of the N.Y. and American Bar associations. He has an LLM in International Banking from Boston University, School of Law.
Muayad Bahram is the Head of Anti-Money Laundering (AML) at Bank Muscat S.A.O.G which is the largest financial institution in the Sultanate of Oman. He has over 13 years of experience in Compliance and AML. He has held a number of different industry wide positions in Oman such as the Chairman of the Oman Banks Compliance Forum from 2012 to 2014, and is currently the Secretary to the Oman Banks Association (OBA) Compliance Committee. He has a B.A. in political science, International Diploma (post-graduate level) in Compliance and is a Master of Laws (LLM) in International Business Law. He is also a Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialist (CAMS) and a Certified Fraud Examiner (CFE).
With more than 20 years of banking experience in Kuwait, Mr. Safa is currently the Head of Compliance Department at Boubyan Bank ( Islamic Banking arm – National Bank of Kuwait ) since 2011. In this capacity he is in charge of preparing the AML & CFT policies & procedures on a risk based approach and has implemented three AML and CFT software for monitoring customers and internal accounts. Mr. Safa is also in charge of regulatory compliance, FATCA & CRS reporting and all disclosure matters.
Before joining Boubyan Bank, Mr. Safa served for 7 years as Head of Compliance at Commercial Bank of Kuwait, 9 years at the Banking Supervision Department at Central Bank of Kuwait, 8 years with Arthur Andersen & Co & with Grant Thornton in Lebanon.
Mr. Safa is a Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialist (CAMS) and a Certified Fraud Examiner (CFE) since 2007.
Victor Matafonov is the Group Chief Compliance Officer at Emirates NBD and is responsible for all regulatory compliance matters. Mr. Matafonov has more than 30 years of international experience in the finance industry covering Australasia, Europe, Americas, the Middle East, Africa and Asia. An Accounting and Economics graduate, he started his career with Coopers and Lybrand in Melbourne prior to moving to ANZ Bank in Melbourne and later to ANZ Grindlays Bank in London. During his time in London he joined Standard Chartered Bank where he worked in various risk and compliance roles, with 10 of those years in the Dubai regional office.
His career experience has been in the audit, risk and compliance areas. This includes more than 17 years in compliance / financial crime risk both at group and regional levels (covering the Middle East, South Asia and Africa).
Rajesh is a professional with over 25 years of banking experience spread across Corporate Banking, Risk Review, Internal Audit and Compliance. His experience has been gathered across various leading banks in India, Oman and UAE. He has a Master's degree in Economics and an Advanced Diploma in Compliance & Financial Crime. Additionally, he has attended Strategic Thinking & Transformational Leadership training courses from The Wharton School and London Business School.
El-Sherif Abd El-Razek currently serves as the Chief Executive Officer Compliance and Corporate Governance and the General Secretariat of the Board of Director at the National Bank of Egypt Group. Also, he is a Board and Audit Committee Member in several subsidiaries of the Group. Mr. Abd El-Razek has over 36 years of Banking Experience in Egypt and North Africa specifically in Retail, Corporate, Operations and Compliance. Prior to joining NBE Group, he was the Head of the Central Operation at Egyptian American Bank then Head of the Compliance Function at Arab Bank plc. covering Egypt and North Africa. Starting January 2011 he is acting as the Head of the Compliance Officers League of the Federation of Egyptian Banks (FEB). He is a Certified Internal Trainer at National Bank of Egypt, the Egyptian Banking Institution and Arab Banking Union.
Mr. Abd El-Razek is a holder of BA in Commerce major Accounting – Faculty of Commerce, Cairo University and a High Diploma in Banking Studies, Ain-Shams University. He is a Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialist (CAMS), Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialist – USA, Certified Compliance Officer, Certified Internal Controls Auditor, and Certified CAMS (Audit).
Mr. Walid Gamal El Din El Seyoufi is currently Deputy General Manager for Group Risk Management and Compliance at National Bank of Kuwait (NBK) and Board Member in NBK-Egypt. He holds 20+ years of strong and sound experience in banking and consulting sectors, mainly in the fields of Risk Management, Corporate Governance, Compliance, Accounting and Auditing.
Before joining NBK Group, Mr. El Seyoufi worked for Arthur Andersen in the field of External Audit and Consulting. During his professional career in NBK Group, he made significant contributions in developing the Risk Management and Compliance framework across all branches and subsidiaries by following worldwide best practices in the Banking industry.
Furthermore, he has contributed in ensuring adequate compliance with all regulatory and statutory requirements pertaining to all countries in which NBK Group operates.
Mr. El Seyoufi possesses a distinct experience in Capital Adequacy planning as per BASEL international standards, stress testing scenarios and monitoring key risk indicators. He also has vast experience in international law related to sound governance, disclosure and transparency as well as protecting shareholders' rights.
He holds a Bachelor's degree in Accounting (BA) from Helwan University, Egypt; a Master's degree of Science in Risk Management (Msc) from Glasgow Caledonian University, UK and a Master's in Business Administration (MBA) from the American University in Beirut.
He has other professional qualifications from USA which include; Certified Public Accountant (CPA), Certified Internal Auditor (CIA) and a Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialist (CAMS).
Mr. Saleh Nofal joined QNB Group in June 2003 and currently serves as the Group Chief Compliance Officer handling the Group's involvement in all Governance, Compliance & Financial Crimes Compliance matters within the organization. Mr. Nofal is a key professional individual who is well recognized within the regulatory environment locally and internationally and has excellent relationships with the regulators in the jurisdictions where the Group operates. Main responsibilities includes providing advices to the BOD and Executive Management on all Governance and Compliance related matters and more generally managing all the compliance and financial crime aspects of the Group.
Prior to joining QNB, Mr. Nofal worked with the Arab Bank, Jordan National Bank in addition to the Arab World Auditing Bureau as an External Auditor and a Jordanian public accountancy firm. Mr Nofal holds a Bachelor's degree in commerce and has more than 30 years of experience in the banking sector mainly in the Compliance & AML/CTF and the Internal Audit fields. Mr Nofal is a Certified Internal Auditor, a Certified Fraud Examiner and a Certified Compliance Officer and has a professional Diploma in Audit & Accounting and is a professional member of CAMS, IIA and ACFE.
Athal Al-Harbi is a banking and investment professional with more than 14 years of experiences in compliance, AML, governance and risk management. He joined Samba Financial Group in 2015 as Head of Compliance. Prior to joining the group, he worked in several reputable financial institutions in Saudi Arabia as Head of Compliance, Risk, AML, and Governance. He commenced his professional career at the Capital Market Authority (CMA) as an authorization officer. Mr. Al Harbi holds an MSC degree in accounting from Case Western Reserve University. In addition, he holds many professional Certificates such as: Advance Diploma in Compliance, Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialist (CAMS) etc.
الأستاذ عذال هو مصرفي محترف متخصص في الأعمال المصرفية والاستثمارية، ويتمتع بما يزيد عن 14 عامًا من الخبرة في مجالات الالتزام ومكافحة غسل الأموال والحوكمة وإدارة المخاطر. وقد انضم إلى مجموعة سامبا المالية في عام 2015م كرئيس لإدارة الالتزام. وقبل التحاقه للعمل بالمجموعة، عمل لدى العديد من المؤسسات المالية في المملكة العربية السعودية مديراً للالتزام وإدارة المخاطر ومكافحة غسل الأموال والحوكمة. وقد بدأ الأستاذ عذال مسيرته المهنية كمسئول تراخيص في هيئة السوق المالية. وهو حاصل على شهادة الماجستير في المحاسبة من جامعة كيس ويسترين ريزيرف، كما يحمل العديد من الشهادات المهنية مثل: الدبلوم المهني المتخصص في الالتزام وشهادة اختصاصي معتمد في مكافحة غسل الأموال (CAMS) والعديد من الشهادات الأخرى.
Refinitiv is the Strategic Partner for the MENA FCCG Group. They are represented by David Shepherd, who is the General Secretary of the MENA FCCG Group. David is also the Head of Market Development – Risk (Middle East & North Africa) at Refinitiv, who is responsible for the market strategy for the Refinitiv Risk Division in MENA.
He is a Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialist (CAMS), who also holds a Diploma in Financial Crime and Compliance and brings over 10 years experience in Risk. He recently completed the MIT Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Executive course, with application for the Financial Crime industry.
He specialises in areas such as Ultimate Beneficial Ownership, Adverse Media, Sanctions and Watch List Data as well as legislation including FCPA, UK Bribery Act and global AML and KYC standards.
David has extensive market experience having worked with prominent Financial Institutions, Governments and Multinational Companies both in Europe and across the Middle East and North Africa. He has been based in MENA in the Dubai Head Office since joining Thomson Reuters in 2013.
Mr. Antoine Hobeiche is the Advisor of the Union of Arab Banks. He is also the Managing Partner of React-Adapt-Lead Consulting, a Canadian-MENA consulting firm that has proven expertise in enhancing some of the biggest private & public sector organizations. He has more than 20 years' experience in advising government agencies, central banks, banks and other non-financial service providers. Antoine won in 2007 the World Quality Award in Paris- France, in 2008, the Global Crown Award in London- United Kingdom and in 2011, was nominated for the Diamond Award New York-USA. He holds a dual degree in business administration and human resources from Molson Business School, Canada and his specialization is in strategy from Harvard Business School, USA. Antoine is very active in the international community being a prominent speaker for many organizations such as the United Nations and the OECD. Antoine also serves as the advisor of the World Union of Arab Bankers.


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State correctional facility staff members evacuated after white substance found in mailroom
About 20 staff members were evacuated Wednesday from a state correctional facility after a white, powdery substance was found in the mailroom.
State correctional facility staff members evacuated after white substance found in mailroom About 20 staff members were evacuated Wednesday from a state correctional facility after a white, powdery substance was found in the mailroom. Check out this story on statesmanjournal.com: https://www.statesmanjournal.com/story/news/2019/09/11/correctional-facility-staff-evacuated-after-substance-found-mail-room/2289040001/
Virginia Barreda, Salem Statesman Journal Published 11:31 a.m. PT Sept. 11, 2019 | Updated 11:55 a.m. PT Sept. 11, 2019
About 20 staff members were evacuated Wednesday from Coffee Creek Correctional Facility after a substance was found in the mail room. (Photo: Tualatin Valley Fire and rescue)
Around 8:25 a.m., mailroom staff at the Coffee Creek Correctional Facility in Wilsonville discovered a white, powdery substance in an envelope, according to Jennifer Black, a spokesperson for the Department of Corrections.
Tualatin Valley Fire and Rescue responded, along with a HAZMAT team. The four mailroom employees were quarantined and the rest of the staff were evacuated from the building.
The mailroom staff was decontaminated and will be taken to an area hospital for evaluation, Black said.
Mailroom staff at the Coffee Creek Correctional Facility in Wilsonville discovered a white, powdery substance in an envelope on Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2019 (Photo: Tualatin Valley Fire and Rescue)
Some mailroom employees have complained of minor symptoms such as shortness of breath, she said.
Oregon State Police officials have not identified the substance and said their investigation will come later in the process.
Coffee Creek Correctional Facility is a multi-custody prison accommodating around 1,260 women in custody. The prison has cell and dormitory housing, work programs, skills training, treatment programs, health services, religious services, physical plant, a central records unit and administrative areas.
TVF&R's HazMat Team is wrapping up @ Coffee Creek Correctional near Wilsonville where 4 mailroom employees were exposed to an unknown powder. Bldg was evacuated, 4 people decontaminated, 2 with very minor symptoms, all transported as a precaution. Law enforcement investigating. pic.twitter.com/SQRQVyC9rD
— TVF&R (@TVFR) September 11, 2019
The story will be updated when more information is available.
Read or Share this story: https://www.statesmanjournal.com/story/news/2019/09/11/correctional-facility-staff-evacuated-after-substance-found-mail-room/2289040001/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Poynders End is named after the Poydres family who owned land and property in the area at the turn of the fourteenth century. There is a memorial brass in the north aisle of St Ippollitts Church which reads, 'Here lies Robert Poydres and Alicia his wife'.
The place name has been variously spelt - Pointers, Poynters, Poyters and the modern spelling - Poynders End.
Poynders End is nearer Preston than Langley or St Pauls Walden and its inhabitants invariably described themselves as being from 'Poynders End, Preston'.
Although sharing the same place name, Poynders End farm and Poynders End cottages were in different parishes and part of different estates in the nineteenth century.
Poynders End Farm was in Ippollitts parish. This ancient dwelling was extensively renovated in the middle of the seventeenth century, after which it looked much as it does today. In 1703 Poynders End was sold to John Joyner and four generations of his family farmed there. It was then purchased for Hester Thrall - 'the place I earliest attached my silly heart to'. She was a 'dazzling hostess' and counted Dr Samuel Johnson among her social circle. When she decided to build a new home at Denbigh in 1792, she sold Poynders End to Joseph Darton and thereafter it was included in the Temple Dinsley estate.
When Temple Dinsley was sold in 1873, the sale particulars stated that Poynders End Farm included a bailiff's house, a spacious homestead and 90 acres of 'sound productive stock land', 71 acres of which were in Ippollitts parish. The annual rent was £137 10/-.
Incidentally, the farm had a well which was 329 feet deep. The present-day house at Poynders End is called 'Tudor House' (see above).
The four Poynders End cottages (aka Jacks Hill) were in the parish of Hitchin and were part of the Hill End farm estate. They were semi-detached, built of red brick and tiles and were the homes of farm labourers. The cottages had three rooms and a scullery and 'good gardens'. The residents even had their own well, which was 180 feet deep. Because the well was in the possession of another landowner, the tenants of the two western cottages had to pay five shillings a year for the right to be able to draw water.


ETH Ethereum – Many of you probably got into the crypto markets when Ethereum had it's meteoric rise in 2017. In June 2017 we thought there was going to be a flippening. This is where Ethereum would over take Bitcoin as the number 1 coin. Although that didn't actually happen.
Today ETH ranks number 3 with a $14bn market cap on Coin Market Cap.
So, Who is Vitalik Buterin?
Born on 31st January 1994 in Kolomna, Russia and a University of Waterloo dropout, Vitalik is one of the key faces of the modern crypto world. Type Ethereum on any search engine, chances are you'll see Vitalik's name next to it.
He was introduced to Bitcoin (BTC) by his father in 2012 and since then took leaps in his crypto career. Vitalik started writing blogs for 5 BTC ($3.50) in 2013 and then went on to become Co-Founder of Bitcoin magazine.
This is the same guy who can add three digit numbers in his head, twice as fast than the average human being.
It was no doubt he was a genius. His unique talent for coding then lead him to drop out from university.
Vitalik received $100k from the Thei Fellowship to start the Ethereum Project.
He saw the gaps in Bitcoin and decided to create his very own.
Ethereum is a platform which allows for decentralised mining and software development all in one.
His vision was to create new crypto currencies within the same blockchain, something which Bitcoin could not do. In order to do this, a new scripting language was required, which didn't really go down well within the blockchain space.
But this didn't stop our young Buterin as he presented the Ethereum ideology at a Bitcoin conference in Miami.
In a crowdsale he managed to raise 31,000 BTC from the crypto community. This was around $18 million, making this the third most successful crowd fund of all time. Now something of this magnitude did not go unnoticed. The Wall Street Journal even made an article on the project.
All of this at 21 years of age. Impressive.
Ethereum isn't just a coin, it's an ecosystem. The formation of the Enterprise Ethereum Alliance (EEA) is just one example of how Ethereum will remain sustainable. To date, Ethereum is the most widely used ICO crowd funding platform. From smart contracts to Vladimar Putin, Mr Buterin gave us something beautiful.
« Bitcoin Cash (BCH), the real Bitcoin (BTC)?


This article talks about a recent issue many people have been experiencing regarding superhero movies. A significant amount of movies released nowadays are from either Marvel or DC, and many of them are getting extremely repetitive. Today's movies have become completely over saturated with these superhero movies, yet millions of people still pay money to see them. Personally, I believe that this is ruining cinema and movies in general. Movies are are meant to be full stories told over the course of 90 - 160 minutes, yet these studios insist on pumping out dozens of movies with no end in sight.
One of the great filmmakers of our time, Steven Spielberg, thinks that the superhero genre will not go on for much longer. "There will come a day when the mythological stories are supplanted by some other genre that possibly some young filmmaker is just thinking about discovering for all of us." This isn't the first time a genre has over saturated the movie market in Hollywood. The previous time this occurred was with the "Western" genre. Over time, as the Western genre got old with audiences, many "flops" for these types of films at the box office. Due to this, many studios stopped making a significant amount of Western movies each year. The same should follow suit with superhero movies.
This end in sight, however, could be as far as a decade down the road. With new releases such as "The Avengers: Civil War" by Marvel along with the highly anticipated "Batman vs. Superman" movie by DC, this genre shows no signs of slowing down. Audiences still, continue to love these movies as Marvel and DC have managed make successful movies about superhero franchises that were previously highly unknown. Marvel, specifically, has done this with "Guardians Of The Galaxy", "Antman", and even "Iron Man". Marvel has proven time and time again that they are able to take a formerly unknown superhero and turn their stories into movies that audiences crave. Hopefully these studios will be able to keep things fresh for us, otherwise upcoming sequels that they have planned out in their "movie universes" will not have the audience turnout that they are hoping for. It could be a very rude awakening for some.
Campbell could not be more right. He gave the episodes of Mr Robot such a cinematic and distinctive style that it could be easily recognized. I also love the way he drew inspiration from filmmaker David Fincher, by the way he restricted his camera movements and also used mostly natural lighting. The one thing that is most similar to Fincher's style, is how Campbell and Mr Robot's creator Sam Esmail decided to color correct the show. Most of the time, the show is shown to the viewer in 3 different color pallets. The first one being the yellow look, where the majority of the frame is filled with the color of a saturated yellow. The second one is a flat, unsaturated look. I think they decided to do this in order to portray that the world Mr Robot takes place in is a place where Elliot (The main character) is uninterested in everything around him. The third and final color that they use is blue. They predominantly use this at nighttime or at moments where Elliot is most vulnerable.
Campbell also went against the grain in how he chose to frame the entire TV show. Most of the time, he frames the conversations wrong on purpose. He intentionally decided to ignore common cinematic rules in order to leave viewers an unsettling feeling. To do this, he left characters no leading room in the frame, by framing them at the inverse edges that conventional film making suggests. By doing this, he left an immense amount of dead space in the frame when the characters are conversing, and he claims that "'Shortsighting is unnerving,' Campbell explains. 'It further accentuates how fucked-up Elliot's world is. The idea was to convey the loneliness. That's the internal dialogue I had with myself: How do we tell that story? How do you get Elliot across?'"
Overall, Campbell did a phenomenal job on the cinematography of this TV show, and managed to challenge conventional film making wisdom in order to make something unique. We should all be striving to do the same.


text:
import operator

import pymongo

from base import BaseDict, BaseList, get_document, TopLevelDocumentMetaclass
from fields import ReferenceField
from connection import _get_db
from queryset import QuerySet
from document import Document

class DeReference(object):

    def __call__(self, items, max_depth=1, instance=None, name=None, get=False):
        """
        Cheaply dereferences the items to a set depth.
        Also handles the convertion of complex data types.

        :param items: The iterable (dict, list, queryset) to be dereferenced.
        :param max_depth: The maximum depth to recurse to
        :param instance: The owning instance used for tracking changes by
            :class:`~mongoengine.base.ComplexBaseField`
        :param name: The name of the field, used for tracking changes by
            :class:`~mongoengine.base.ComplexBaseField`
        :param get: A boolean determining if being called by __get__
        """
        if items is None or isinstance(items, basestring):
            return items

        # cheapest way to convert a queryset to a list
        # list(queryset) uses a count() query to determine length
        if isinstance(items, QuerySet):
            items = [i for i in items]

        self.max_depth = max_depth

        doc_type = None
        if instance and instance._fields:
            doc_type = instance._fields[name].field

            if isinstance(doc_type, ReferenceField):
                doc_type = doc_type.document_type

        self.reference_map = self._find_references(items)
        self.object_map = self._fetch_objects(doc_type=doc_type)
        return self._attach_objects(items, 0, instance, name, get)

    def _find_references(self, items, depth=0):
        """
        Recursively finds all db references to be dereferenced

        :param items: The iterable (dict, list, queryset)
        :param depth: The current depth of recursion
        """
        reference_map = {}
        if not items:
            return reference_map

        # Determine the iterator to use
        if not hasattr(items, 'items'):
            iterator = enumerate(items)
        else:
            iterator = items.iteritems()

        # Recursively find dbreferences
        for k, item in iterator:
            if hasattr(item, '_fields'):
                for field_name, field in item._fields.iteritems():
                    v = item._data.get(field_name, None)
                    if isinstance(v, (pymongo.dbref.DBRef)):
                        reference_map.setdefault(field.document_type, []).append(v.id)
                    elif isinstance(v, (dict, pymongo.son.SON)) and '_ref' in v:
                        reference_map.setdefault(get_document(v['_cls']), []).append(v['_ref'].id)
                    elif isinstance(v, (dict, list, tuple)) and depth <= self.max_depth:
                        field_cls = getattr(getattr(field, 'field', None), 'document_type', None)
                        references = self._find_references(v, depth)
                        for key, refs in references.iteritems():
                            if isinstance(field_cls, (Document, TopLevelDocumentMetaclass)):
                                key = field_cls
                            reference_map.setdefault(key, []).extend(refs)
            elif isinstance(item, (pymongo.dbref.DBRef)):
                reference_map.setdefault(item.collection, []).append(item.id)
            elif isinstance(item, (dict, pymongo.son.SON)) and '_ref' in item:
                reference_map.setdefault(get_document(item['_cls']), []).append(item['_ref'].id)
            elif isinstance(item, (dict, list, tuple)) and depth <= self.max_depth:
                references = self._find_references(item, depth)
                for key, refs in references.iteritems():
                    reference_map.setdefault(key, []).extend(refs)
        depth += 1
        return reference_map

    def _fetch_objects(self, doc_type=None):
        """Fetch all references and convert to their document objects
        """
        object_map = {}
        for col, dbrefs in self.reference_map.iteritems():
            keys = object_map.keys()
            refs = list(set([dbref for dbref in dbrefs if str(dbref) not in keys]))
            if hasattr(col, 'objects'):  # We have a document class for the refs
                references = col.objects.in_bulk(refs)
                for key, doc in references.iteritems():
                    object_map[key] = doc
            else:  # Generic reference: use the refs data to convert to document
                references = _get_db()[col].find({'_id': {'$in': refs}})
                for ref in references:
                    if '_cls' in ref:
                        doc = get_document(ref['_cls'])._from_son(ref)
                    else:
                        doc = doc_type._from_son(ref)
                    object_map[doc.id] = doc
        return object_map

    def _attach_objects(self, items, depth=0, instance=None, name=None, get=False):
        """
        Recursively finds all db references to be dereferenced

        :param items: The iterable (dict, list, queryset)
        :param depth: The current depth of recursion
        :param instance: The owning instance used for tracking changes by
            :class:`~mongoengine.base.ComplexBaseField`
        :param name: The name of the field, used for tracking changes by
            :class:`~mongoengine.base.ComplexBaseField`
        :param get: A boolean determining if being called by __get__
        """
        if not items:
            if isinstance(items, (BaseDict, BaseList)):
                return items

            if instance:
                if isinstance(items, dict):
                    return BaseDict(items, instance=instance, name=name)
                else:
                    return BaseList(items, instance=instance, name=name)

        if isinstance(items, (dict, pymongo.son.SON)):
            if '_ref' in items:
                return self.object_map.get(items['_ref'].id, items)
            elif '_types' in items and '_cls' in items:
                doc = get_document(items['_cls'])._from_son(items)
                if not get:
                    doc._data = self._attach_objects(doc._data, depth, doc, name, get)
                return doc

        if not hasattr(items, 'items'):
            is_list = True
            iterator = enumerate(items)
            data = []
        else:
            is_list = False
            iterator = items.iteritems()
            data = {}

        for k, v in iterator:
            if is_list:
                data.append(v)
            else:
                data[k] = v

            if k in self.object_map:
                data[k] = self.object_map[k]
            elif hasattr(v, '_fields'):
                for field_name, field in v._fields.iteritems():
                    v = data[k]._data.get(field_name, None)
                    if isinstance(v, (pymongo.dbref.DBRef)):
                        data[k]._data[field_name] = self.object_map.get(v.id, v)
                    elif isinstance(v, (dict, pymongo.son.SON)) and '_ref' in v:
                        data[k]._data[field_name] = self.object_map.get(v['_ref'].id, v)
                    elif isinstance(v, dict) and depth < self.max_depth:
                        data[k]._data[field_name] = self._attach_objects(v, depth, instance=instance, name=name, get=get)
                    elif isinstance(v, (list, tuple)):
                        data[k]._data[field_name] = self._attach_objects(v, depth, instance=instance, name=name, get=get)
            elif isinstance(v, (dict, list, tuple)) and depth < self.max_depth:
                data[k] = self._attach_objects(v, depth, instance=instance, name=name, get=get)
            elif hasattr(v, 'id'):
                data[k] = self.object_map.get(v.id, v)

        if instance and name:
            if is_list:
                return BaseList(data, instance=instance, name=name)
            return BaseDict(data, instance=instance, name=name)
        depth += 1
        return data

dereference = DeReference()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
The Weeknd announces new concert in Portugal in 2022
by Lisboeta March 1, 2021
New concert will be part of the tour "The After Hours World Tour" and will take place on October 26, 2022, the day after the first scheduled show. Tickets on sale this Wednesday.
Canadian singer Abel Makkonen Tesfaye, known in the world of pop music for The Weeknd, announced a new concert in Portugal on October 26, 2022, on his world tour "The After Hours World Tour".
The artist had confirmed a concert in Lisbon for the day 25 October and now comes to add new date for October 26, 2022, at Altice arena.
The public can purchase tickets on the website www.everythingisnew.pt, from 09:00AM on Wednesday, March 3.
concerteventmusicweekend
Super Bock Super Rock postponed to 2022
Gulbenkian receives exhibition with works by 40 Portuguese...
More events canceled due to pandemic uncertainty
Lisbon and Porto will host "test" concerts to...
ModaLisboa returns in March with a free digital edition for everyone
NOS Primavera Sound postponed to June 2022


Between 2004 and 2015, more patients chose to undergo lumbar fusion surgery for spondylolisthesis and scoliosis, according to an article in Spine.
Study authors analyzed data from the U.S. National Inpatient Sample.
1. Elective lumbar fusion volume increased 62.3 percent from 122,679 cases in 2004 to 199,140 cases in 2015.
2. The spike in surgery was greatest among Americans aged 65 or older, increasing 138.7 percent from 98.3 per 100,000 patients in 2004 to 170.3 per 100,000 patients in 2015.
3. The incidence of treatment for spondylolisthesis patients jumped 111 percent while the rate of surgery for scoliosis patients increased 186.6 percent.
4. Combined, disc degeneration, herniation and stenosis accounted for 42.3 percent of elective lumbar fusions in 2015.
5. During this period, aggregate hospital costs increased 177 percent, exceeding $10 billion in 2015 and averaging more than $50,000 per admission.


Beer helmets are nothing new, but have you ever seen it used as a photography tool? Well, now you have, thanks to Japanese photographer Nishihiro. How does it work? Instead of beverages, Nishihiro puts flashes into the holders, and then circular diffusers in front of those to create a soft light look. However, when both flashes aren't required, he uses it for a drink instead. Get one here now. Continue reading for more pictures and reactions.


text:
Collin morikawa justin thomas matthew wolff danielle kang and lexi
8 New Orleans Saints at Tampa Bay Buccaneers • Nov.
Nascar and ARCA have shared teams and drivers and that https://www.amazon.com/dp/B085L3DR9W continue in a major way, said France.
I wanted the ball in my hands with five seconds left and down by one in basketball and I wanted the ball in my hands playing quarterback every single snap.
LeBron James custom basketball uniforms million $28 million $60 million NBA 6.
Christian Yelich, Milwaukee Brewers 12.
• Setting a framework to prevent boosters and third parties from using name, image and likeness compensation and offers in the recruitment process to influence a prospective student-athlete's decision.
• AP: Short-video app Quibi personalized jerseys it is shutting down just six months after its early April launch, having struggled to find customers.
We strive to be innovative, and feel that our new contribution of $500 to both the ATP's pension plan and the WTA Tour's transition programs for players will go a long way toward the long-term financial well-being of all of our sport's athletes.
The support of Olympic fans and Americans everywhere is what makes our Olympic dreams possible, said Lisa Baird, CMO for USOC.
The T-shirts, in sizes small through extra large, will be available for all MLB teams.
How did it come about and how does it reflect the attitude of Foot Locker and BBDO's relationship with them?
Everything could be on the table and we will take it one step at a time.
Among the key storylines for 2018: LeBron James joining the Los Angeles Lakers, Dwayne Wade's farewell season, Kawhi Leonard joining the Toronto Raptors, Carmelo Anthony signing with the Houston Rockets and the Golden State Warriors going for an NBA championship three-peat.


text:
package org.assertj.core.error;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * Creates an <code>{@link AssertionError}</code> indicating that an assertion that verifies that an object
 * has null fields failed.
 *
 * @author Vladimir Chernikov
 */
public class ShouldHaveAllNullFields extends BasicErrorMessageFactory {

  private static final String EXPECTED_MULTIPLE = "%nExpecting%n  <%s>%nto only have null properties or fields but these were not null:%n <%s>.%n";
  private static final String EXPECTED_SINGLE = "%nExpecting%n  <%s>%nto only have null property or field, but <%s> was not null.%n";
  private static final String COMPARISON = "Check was performed on all fields/properties";
  private static final String EXCLUDING = COMPARISON + " except: <%s>.";
  private static final String DOT = ".";

  public ShouldHaveAllNullFields(Object actual, List<String> nonNullFields, List<String> ignoredFields) {
    super(EXPECTED_MULTIPLE + EXCLUDING, actual, nonNullFields, ignoredFields);
  }

  public ShouldHaveAllNullFields(Object actual, List<String> nonNullFields) {
    super(EXPECTED_MULTIPLE + COMPARISON + DOT, actual, nonNullFields);
  }

  public ShouldHaveAllNullFields(Object actual, String nonNullField) {
    super(EXPECTED_SINGLE + COMPARISON + DOT, actual, nonNullField);
  }

  public ShouldHaveAllNullFields(Object actual, String nonNullField, List<String> ignoredFields) {
    super(EXPECTED_SINGLE + EXCLUDING, actual, nonNullField, ignoredFields);
  }

  public static ShouldHaveAllNullFields shouldHaveAllNullFields(Object actual, List<String> nonNullFields,
                                                                List<String> ignoredFields) {
    if (nonNullFields.size() == 1) {
      if (ignoredFields.isEmpty()) {
        return new ShouldHaveAllNullFields(actual, nonNullFields.get(0));
      }
      return new ShouldHaveAllNullFields(actual, nonNullFields.get(0), ignoredFields);
    }
    return ignoredFields.isEmpty()
        ? new ShouldHaveAllNullFields(actual, nonNullFields)
        : new ShouldHaveAllNullFields(actual, nonNullFields, ignoredFields);
  }
}


Following last year's radio hits "It Feels Good" and "I Am All You Need," the soulful singer is back on the scene with another inspiring autobiographical track that is now available on iTunes, Amazon Mp3 and other online digital stores everywhere.
In the song Randall talks about his wild days of drinking and partying before he established a relationship with God. "I was a mess," he laughs. Ty Steez produced the track with Aphillyatted who has collaborated with the likes of Kendrick Lamar and on Lecrae's Grammy winning "Gravity" CD. The tune will anchor Randall's forthcoming CD No Judgment that's scheduled to release in late 2014.


Owing to our expertise, we are offering a wide gamut of Stainless Steel Split Pin. It is immensely used in varied types of bicycle as a simple securing component. Offered split pin is precisely manufactured by our competent team of professionals using superior grade stainless steel that assures extreme resistivity towards rust. It is designed in compete compliance with predefined market scenario by inculcating highly-advanced technology. In addition to this, provided Stainless Steel Split Pin has the ability to withstand high load, thus widely demanded in many industries.


text:
Genre Guides: Puzzle Games
Play Together
Dr. Kulman Says
Genre: Puzzle
Featured LWK Games: Amazing Alex, Bad Piggies, Angry Birds Space, Professor Layton and the Curious Village, Cargo Bridge, Braid
Popular M-Rated Puzzle Games: Catherine, Limbo, Warp
Most Common Thinking Skills Used: Planning, Focus, Flexibility, Time Management
Genre Description
Video games and puzzles are a great mix. Taking all the fun and challenge that comes along with solving brainteasers and translating them to the big (or little) screen, these games are able to create interactive experiences that would not work with tradition pen and paper puzzles. From simple applications like Sudoku and Crosswords, to classics like Tetris and Dr. Mario, puzzle games offer a great opportunity to introduce your child to games that exercise their brain while they are playing and having fun. While some of these games simply pair traditional puzzles with an interactive interface, others like Echochrome or the Art Style series deliver fresh takes on the genre, delivering quirky mindbenders complete with innovative game play and a visually striking presentation. Some titles even claim to "train the brain" with daily or weekly puzzle routines, most notable, the Nintendo DS hit called "Brain Age."
This Genre is typically Good for kids who need help with:
Being efficient and aware of their use of time and effort.
Many puzzle games make Time Management a key component to success. This is most often accomplished by adding a timer to each level or puzzle. For the player to beat a level, he must not only figure out the solution to the puzzle, but he must do it before the clock runs out. Just like in real life, he will have to keep one eye on the time, and manage his progress so as to complete his task in the time allotted.
Getting started and then maintaining attention and effort to tasks.
While Puzzle games can help with almost any Thinking Skill, most of them are mainly useful in teaching your child about Focus. Any time a player has to solve a difficult puzzle, the first thing she needs to do is clear her mind and pay full attention to the problem in front of her. If she allows herself to be easily distracted, the solution will elude her, and she'll never beat the game. If she can focus her mind on the task at hand, however, she will be able to succeed.
Use this Play Together guide to learn how you can help your child turn time spent playing RPGs into a positive learning and relationship-building experience. To learn more about why playing games with your children is so important, check out our Science of Play page.
Talk Before You Play
Take a minute to talk with your child about how the Focus and Time Management thinking skills work, and why they are important for success in school and at home.
Set Gameplay Goals
Most Puzzle feature smaller levels when compared to other video games, making them a perfect fit for small bursts of fun family gaming. Some will include introductory tutorials that teach you the game mechanics, so start here if you can. Otherwise, try playing a few competitive games if there is a two player mode. If only a single player mode is available, work together to make your way through the first segments of the game (generally about 4-5 levels), each taking turns between stages.
Stop & Reflect
After you've tackled your gameplay goals, sit down to talk with your child about how the game is exercising you thinking skills.
What puzzle took a few attempts before you beat it?
Which puzzles can be completed leisurely, and which ones must be attended to quickly?
How can solving a puzzle help you to be aware of time limitations and become more efficient in completing your schoolwork?
When did you get stuck on a puzzle? What happens if you get distracted while playing? How do Focus skills help you stay concentrated on a task, and stick with it until completion?
What are some everyday scenarios when similar Focus skills can help at home or at school?
For parents who are not avid gamers, playing puzzle games can be a familiar and enjoyable experience. Most adults have grown up with many different kinds of puzzles, including traditional picture puzzles, crosswords, mazes and even card games like Solitaire. For many adults, their first introduction to playing video games was the free Windows-based puzzle games such as Minesweeper, Hearts, and Solitaire.
In addition to helping children improve their Time Management and Focus skills, puzzle games are also a great tool for improving Planning, Working Memory, and Flexibility. Many great puzzle games, like Angry Birds and Cut the Rope, use complexity and problem solving to change the skills (Flexibility) and decisions (Planning) needed to beat the game. Some brain-training puzzle games even have sets of mini games to stretch and improve Working Memory skills.
Interestingly, there is a great deal of scientific research to support the use of video games for improving Working Memory skills. Achieving significant Working Memory improvement requires the use of increasingly difficult memory tasks, along with regular, intensive, and sustained practice. There are also specific brain training programs that use puzzle games as tools, such as Cogmed Working Memory training, that may be of interest to you for improving Working Memory skills.
Because puzzle games are often familiar to adults, they are a great starting place for playing video games with your own children. While you may not have the game skills or facility with a game controller that your child has, you may be able to compete with them more readily due to your experience with the strategies and planning needed for puzzle games. This makes a great opportunity for you to model behavior or talk out your problem-solving strategies in order to help your child to do the same.
Ikai
LQ: 9.3
Skills Used: Flexibility, Focus, Reading
Tinykin
Skills Used: Flexibility, Planning, Mathematics, Reading
LQ: 9.15
Skills Used: Flexibility, Self-Awareness
Skills Used: Self-Control, Working Memory
Cooking Mama Let's Cook Puzzle
Skills Used: Time Management, Working Memory, Mathematics
Searh for Games and Apps
Alternative Learners
The Science of LW4K
Play Diet
Let's Play Videos


The organizer should fill out the Conference Planning Form to facilitate the conference planning process. This form gives the support staff information needed to move forward. Staff will have further questions and need input from the organizer as the planning progresses.
Conferences that will charge a registration and/or banquet fee will be handled by Purdue Conferences. Please note, all Conferences at Purdue services charge a minimum of 10%. Please review their fees list for details. at https://www.conf.purdue.edu/plan/fees.aspx.
Anna Hook, (hook6@purdue.edu), MATH 820, 4-5964 will assist with conference, travel and lodging accommodations as needed.
For short term guests and speakers, please contact Anna for lodging accommodations.


text:
Q: listFiles(FileFilter) instead of listFiles(FileNameFilter) When I try to use the method someFile.listFiles(FileFilter foobar) I get the error

The method listFiles(FilenameFilter) in the type File is not applicable for the arguments (FileFilter)

While the javadoc of File clearly contains: public File[]  listFiles(FileFilter filter)
(http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/io/File.html)
How do I solve this?
PS: My code is:
    FileFilter folderFilter = new FileFilter() {
        public boolean accept(File file) {
            return file.isDirectory();
        }
        @Override
        public String getDescription() {
            return "some filter";
        }
    };
    File[] foobars = someFile.listFiles(folderFilter);

A: Looks like you've imported
javax.swing.filechooser.FileFilter

instead of
java.io.FileFilter

Probably occurred when selecting the import from the IDE
If the correct import is used, the code should not compile due to the existence of the getDescription method which is only found in the former. The description is used for display purposes on JFileChooser dialogs and doesnt apply here.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Tutoring Time: 9.30am to 11am morning.
Tuisyen - Jalan USJ 3B/6, USJ3 Subang Jaya, Selangor (check google maps). - Maths, English.
Area: Pioneer Cove,Port Dickson N9.
Tuisyen - Taman Sri Sentosa,Off Jalan Kelang Lama Kuala Lumpur (check google maps). - Maths .
Tuisyen - Jalan Gelugor Kuala Lumpur,(near Times Square area). - Bahasa Melayu.
Tuisyen - Setapak. - All.
i am a british and malaysian registered pharmacist with work experience in the uk and malaysia.i have 10 years of experience teaching tuition.
Tutoring Subjects: English, Chemistry, Biology, Sciences, Geography (F1-3), History (F1-3), Mathematics, Additional Mathematics and Mandarin(Communication for beginners) .


text:
Register for Gala Celebration
NA'AMAT USA | Jewish Women's Organization Supporting Israel
Discover NA'AMAT
Our Mission & Leadership
NA'AMAT In The USA
NA'AMAT In Numbers
NA'AMAT International
We Cover The Map In Israel
Social Services & Education
Legal Aid & Family Rights Centers
Women's Health Centers
Women of Diversity
Technological High Schools
Agricultural Youth Villages
Professional Scholarships and Research Grants
Southeast Area
Midwest Area
Cleveland Council
GEM – Giving Every Month
B'nai Mitzvah Programs
Circle Campaigns
Women's Health and Empowerment Fund
Scholarship & Development Funds
Annual Summer Appeal
Learn about Memberships
Information Change Form
Member Videos – Why NA'AMAT Matters
Empowering Women in Israel and the United States Since 1925
dsfkwjelfkwej
Donate to Women's Health & Empowerment
For over 90 years, NA'AMAT has worked to empower women in Israel through advocacy, service, and empowerment. Donating to women's health and empowerment enables us to continue providing legal aid for women in Israel who have survived domestic violence and/or harassment, and it also supports maintenance, construction, and expansion of services at our women's health clinics.
CLICK HERE TO DONATE TO WOMEN'S HEALTH & EMPOWERMENT
In celebration of NA'AMAT USA's recent 90th anniversary, we have sponsored a new women's empowerment and health center in Sderot. This facility serves the women of Sderot, as well as women from the Kibbutzim in the area.
Sderot, with a population of about 25,000, was established in 1951 as a development town for new immigrants. Less than one mile from the Gaza strip, Sderot has been the target of rocket attacks by terrorist groups since 2001 with a high percentage of the population suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder. Despite living with fear and uncertainty, the people of Sderot have shown great courage and strength. There is ongoing rebuilding, construction of new homes, opening of new business, improvements in the educational system and an increase in cultural activities. As the women in Sderot are preoccupied with the health and welfare of their families, many don't have the time to travel out of their area to seek preventative care for themselves. What Sderot clearly needs is a women's health center to fill a critical void in the community's social services network.
Similar to NA'AMAT'S outstanding women's center in Karmiel, the Sderot facility provides workshops, prevention counseling, empowerment programs and other services currently lacking in the community.
Sderot ("boulevard" in Hebrew) was given its name to symbolize the biblical prophecy of "making the desert bloom." Our health center is a new flower in the blossoming of the Negev. We seek your continued generous support for this vital project.
NA'AMAT USA appreciates all donations and acknowledges recommendations made by donors. In compliance with legal requirements for our 501(c)(3) status, NA'AMAT USA retains sole discretion over the use of donated funds.
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Copyright © 2021 NA'AMAT USA
NA'AMAT USA is an exempt organization as described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code.
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text:
Who is to Judge?: The Perennial Debate Over Whether to Elect or Appoint America's Judges
Charles Gardner Geyh
Published to Oxford Scholarship Online: March 2019
DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190887148.001.0001
2 A Short and Pointed History of Judicial Selection
3 The New Judicial Selection Landscape
4 The Arguments
5 Why Everyone Is Wrong
6 Managing the Selection Debate
7 The Future of Judicial Selection
Constitutional and Administrative Law
Legal Profession and Ethics
The New Judicial Selection Landscape
(p.44) 3 The New Judicial Selection Landscape
Who is to Judge?
DOI:10.1093/oso/9780190887148.003.0003
Chapter 3 maps the current judicial selection landscape by describing a series of developments decades in the making that has altered the political environment of judicial elections in fundamental ways. The chapter begins with a table showing the breakdown across all fifty U.S. states regarding which of the five methods of selecting judges are used by each state in selecting its high court judges. An additional table demonstrates how each state treats the reselection of a judge after the judge's initial appointment or election. The chapter then turns to the contributing causes of the new politics of judicial elections, which include the weakening of the Democratic Party in the southern states, the rise of discretionary Supreme Court Review and the decline of mundane cases, the migration of civil rights and civil liberties campaigns to state courts, the role judges play as enemy combatants in the War on Crime, and the battle for tort reform going on in the state courts, which have resulted in the changing landscape of the American judiciary. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the consequences of these changes.
Keywords: new politics, tort reform, war on crime, southern states, court structure, campaign finance, litigation campaigns, attack advertising, constitutional issues


text:
TokenSuite: ICO Services & Marketing for Blockchain Companies
Oliver Dale on July 3, 2018 / 0 Comments
TokenSuite works within the blockchain and cryptocurrency sectors, assisting startups with their ICOs and other marketing strategies. So far, it has helped startups raise more than $120 million USD via the blockchain, giving those companies the funds that they need to see their projects become a reality. It has also helped projects increase their value by more than 1,000 percent. Between these two figures and the long list of ICOs it has helped, TokenSuite has already proven itself capable of achieving results in the industry.
Who Is Behind TokenSuite?
1 Who Is Behind TokenSuite?
2 How Does TokenSuite Help with the ICO Listing?
3 What Else Does TokenSuite Do?
4 How Does the Media Blast Help?
5 How Do the Bounty Programs Work?
6 What Do the Other Marketing Options Include?
7 Whom Has TokenSuite Worked with?
9 Useful Links
TokenSuite is based in Ankara, Turkey, and has a dedicated team. Ali Omer Horzum is the founder, and Gokce Guler is the head of bounty programs. Onur Ipekesen and Berkay Okay also work on bounty programs. The head of communications is Alpago Turan, and the head of sales is Yusuf Kaya. Other members of the sales team include Serkan Ugur and Buse Durmus. The community managers are Cemil Akgun and Mert Aktas. To keep things light and friendly, TokenSuite even lists two canine team members on the roster, Satoshi the "Security Guard" and Ether the "Coffee Girl."
How Does TokenSuite Help with the ICO Listing?
TokenSuite offers customers a range of packages, each of which is designed to help companies make the most of their ICO and attract funds. It has three different packages available, as well as additional services to further improve your visibility. The basic package includes a listing on more than 10 top listing websites, such as icobench, worldcoinindex, coinschedule, icorating, icoalert, icotracker, and ico-list. It will also include at least a newsletter on the chosen listing websites and two reviews. Those who want to get more advertising from the ICO can opt for a package with more than 15 listings and a featured status. The top package includes more than 20 listings, three reviews, two featured statuses, two newsletters, and a banner on the chosen listing website.
With TokenSuite, startups are also able to take advantage of all the other advertisement options on various listing websites. These can include featured listings, premium listings, banners, interviews, newsletters, analyses, publishing articles, and more. The options are almost limitless, and TokenSuite will take care of everything for you.
What Else Does TokenSuite Do?
In addition to listing the ICO, TokenSuite helps with nearly every other aspect of advertising the initial coin offering and blockchain project itself. It offers media blasts, YouTube blasts, community management, bounty programs, web design, Telegram blasts, social media management, and other types of advertisements.
How Does the Media Blast Help?
With a media blast from TokenSuite, ICOs can get the word out about their project and increase interest in the platform, dApp, or other blockchain technology. The media blast will also indirectly improve an ICO's search engine rankings by increasing the number of websites that mention it. As part of the media blast, the professionals at TokenSuite edit a press release. They then publish it on at least 26 cryptocurrency news outlets and send it to more than 40 contacts, including CoinDesk. They also target it to the more than 100,000 followers via the outlets' Twitter accounts.
The media blast can even include dozens of publications, sending the press release to the top 500 media outlets (from Forbes to TechCrunch to Gizmodo), more than 40 contacts in the cryptocurrency world, and a total of more than 80,000 journalists and 4,000 media outlets. The more outlets that receive the press release, the more people will find out about the ICO, increasing its potential to raise funds.
How Do the Bounty Programs Work?
Bounty programs are a proven method of attracting attention to ICOs by getting the word out. The offerings from TokenSuite for a bounty program start with monthly banner ads on three cryptocurrency websites, which reach more than 250,000 people monthly. This can be scaled up to meet your budget and expand the reach of the ICO to improve contributions and get people excited.
What Do the Other Marketing Options Include?
With so many marketing offerings from TokenSuite for an ICO, it is hard to succinctly go over them all. It can manage your community on Telegram with three people who know all the details of the project, so they can answer questions, freeing up your time to work on the actual project.
The YouTube blast includes at least a review or interview on a minimum of three YouTube channels, targeted to audiences in English, Russian, and Arabic. Each channel used has between 5,000 and 15,000 subscribers, meaning that the videos each reach at least 25,000 subscribers and will get more than 15,000 views. There will also be a Skype interview. Other YouTube blasts can include more interviews and more YouTube channels, including the top ones, getting you more than a million views.
Whom Has TokenSuite Worked with?
TokenSuite lists at least 30 previous clients on its website and can provide details on specific successful projects. It helped Guts Tickets, a Netherlands-based company that uses the blockchain to create a ticketing environment that is honest, throughout the entire ICO, assisting in collecting 12 million Euro.
It also worked with Auroradao, a decentralized financial platform that has the first real-time DEX using the Ethereum blockchain, throughout the ICO, raising $5 million USD.
During Darico's presale alone, TokenSuite helped collect more than $3 million USD. Overall, TokenSuite has worked with a wide range of ICOs, showing the team's familiarity with all applications for blockchain tech.
Since ICOs are still relatively new, there are still very limited options for advertising these projects, leaving most startups to invest the time in doing so themselves. While some ICO marketing companies are appearing, this is a slow process. TokenSuite offers an alternative by using the team's expertise to handle the marketing for you so you can focus on the ICO or the project itself. Its track record so far indicates the team is familiar with the best methods to attract contributors to ICOs. In addition, the results will likely improve as the team gets even more experience with this type of advertising.
Posted by	Oliver Dale
Editor-in-Chief of Blockonomi and founder of Kooc Media, A UK-Based Online Media Company. Believer in Open-Source Software, Blockchain Technology & a Free and Fair Internet for all.
http://twitter.com/olidale
http://www.linkedin.com/in/oliverdale
SME's Big Data Problem can be solved by Cryptelo
The Phoenix Project With a Revolutionary Financial Algorithm: Collects $0.5 million in 2 Weeks


I wrote a haiku the other day, after I saw the most beautiful rainbow of my life. If you are not a fan of Haiku, you might just be after this one.
What does the rainbow have to do with roasted apple cake, you ask. That my friend, is a very good question, and I am happy you asked. Everywhere we look now Autumn in all its glory, is right in front of us. The colorful leaves, falling leaves, rain, smell of rain, rainbows, hot chocolate weather, the color orange, and especially pumpkins, inspire me. Of all the many things they inspire me to do, one of them is bake.
My girls and I were fortunate enough to be invited to accompany my friend, and her wonderful preschool group, to Farmer John's pumpkin patch. We played in and on their amazingly cool hay maze, and all around their freshly picked pumpkins. We had such a fun time with our friends, my girls and I did not want to leave. When we finally did leave, we marked the end of our visit, by picking out some unique gourds and a pie pumpkin.
Since it was such rainy rustic weather, I thought I would roast the pumpkin, and use some of it to make a rustic dessert. A dessert that would be delicious alongside a cup of hot cocoa, tea, or coffee. As you can see, I roughly chopped the apples and left the peel on for added nutrients, color, and some texture.
This cake is extremely fragrant, not too sweet, and the perfect amount of moist, with little surprise bits of apples and pumpkin. Enjoy this cake with your loved ones, and a warm beverage. This recipe was inspired by A Chow Life's Apple Cake.
Use spatula to push it around so it covers pan evenly.
Love your haiku…and your cake too!
Thank you Dara! I am so happy you read my blog! Stop over anytime for a haiku and some cake!!!


Is there a standard/definitive way to distinguish the end-entity cert in a PKCS#7 (P7B) cert chain? I believe the PKCS#7 standard doesn't not specify sequence when ordering the certs in the chain, but most tools do sequence them in (either bkw or fwd) signing order). And I know an end cert would have different owner/issuer CNs (root's would be the same for both), was wondering if there was a foolproof differentiator say, in the case of an end and intermediate cert, where both would have different owner/issuer (right?). Thx!
CA certificates (V3) always include Basic Constraints certificate extension where isCA attriute is set to True. End-entity certificates either, omit this extension or include extension with isCA attrbitue set to False. Basic Constraints (RFC 5280 §4.2.1.9) is the most reliable way to differentiate CA and end entity certificates.
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged certificates pkcs7 or ask your own question.
What happens to a certificate's Basic Constraints when a policy map is used?
What is the purpose/role of the "alias" attribute in Java keystore files?


Yes, a Game Boy survived a bombing raid. But as famous as that story is, who's to say it wasn't a fluke? So Wired got Nintendo's old handheld and did some slightly more scientific study on it.
I say slightly because that test involved dropping it a couple of times then having a giant man smash one with a sledgehammer.
Which isn't very scientific at all, but while the hammer was entertaining, that 15-foot drop was impressive. I've dropped phones - made from all kinds of modern, advanced composites and materials not even used in 1989 - from 1/4 of that distance and had them almost disintegrate. Yet the Game Boy was almost unscathed.


U2 released its mega-breakthrough album 30 years ago today (Thursday) -- March 9th, 1987.
The Joshua Tree was the band's fifth studio album, anchored by such songs as "Where the Streets Have No Name," "I Still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For," "With or Without You" and "Bullet the Blue Sky." It has sold over 10-million copies in the U.S. and 25-million worldwide.
The Joshua Tree topped numerous album charts around the world. It won Grammys for Album of the Year and Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal in 1988. A remastered edition was released in 2007 to commemorate its 20th anniversary, and in 2014 it was selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the National Recording Registry.
The band will recognize today's anniversary with a Facebook Live chat. If you have a question, post it now on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Google+ or Tumblr. Use the hashtags #AskU2 and #U2TheJoshuaTree2017. Then tune in at 3 pm ET on U2's Facebook page to see the band answer your questions live from the studio.
The Joshua Tree 30th anniversary tour starts on May 12th in Vancouver, Canada.


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Would you like to transform your city in a math school? Now you can with the new version of Math Street Challenge. Completely rewritten and recompiled from scratch, Math Street Challenge allows to transform any place in a math school, anywhere, anytime.
By using Augmented Reality, children can enjoy solving math problems in their homes, schools, beach, wherever they want. They can record their work and show them to other children to demonstrate that math can be funny and enjoyable.
Math Street Challenge is now available at the App Store. Thank you!
By Fenririn Math Street Challenge July 4, 2019 July 4, 2019 97 WordsLeave a comment
Spanish version here.
School is hard for some children, but they find a way to enjoy time with videogames. Basically we can divide them into the classics, from which the end is always announced without it coming, fortunately, and the new ones, which focus, above all, on the always attractive consoles that almost all children want. Consoles for children who, let's not kid ourselves, enjoy a lot, and sometimes even more, parents.
It is important, it is fundamental, that children play. Obsessed with studies is tremendously negative, and excessive pressure on children to study only causes an adverse reaction. It's not a good idea for them to spend the day playing games, but let's not forget: it's not a good idea for them to spend the day playing football or any other activity. Everything has its time and quantity. Like everything else in life, they have to find a balance.
And then they have to study. And the dreaded math are a challenge, now, and always. Coming to school suffering because of the "math" class is a dangerous path for the intellectual development of young people. But there are solutions. Let's go see him.
Continue reading "Enjoying math while learning, an equation to solve" →
By Fenririn Images, Math Classroom Challenge, Math Combat Challenge info, Titan Deep Space Company info June 1, 2019 June 2, 2019 1,464 Words4 Comments
We're happy to inform that Stellar Sphere Mac version is now on Steam and at the Mac App Store.
Stellar Sphere is a zero-gravity sports and action game that aims to get the maximum number of points in a limited time per level, and with 24 initial levels or stages as we call them, and an infinite stage. To achieve them, the player must look for a fireball, a stellar sphere, attach it to his ship, and throw it over the active wormhole.
It is played with a configurable limited time, and has twenty-four initial stages, plus infinite subsequent stages with four difficulty levels. The twenty-four levels are named after the letters of the Greek alphabet, and the infinite level is known as the Athena level.
You can find more info in our FAQ and manual. Thank you!
By Fenririn Images, Manual, Stellar Sphere May 26, 2019 May 26, 2019 137 WordsLeave a comment
Math Classroom Challenge now at the Mac Store
We're happy to inform that Math Classroom Challenge is now at the Mac App Store!
"Stellar Sphere" is a sports and action game, mainly set in space and in zero gravity. The rules of this game are tremendously simple: you must move with your ship through an area, look for a sphere, capture it, and throw it over the wormhole that is active. That's all.
There's just one small detail, though: as you proceed with the scoring and the twenty-four levels, plus the infinite level, you'll have to deal with different hordes of enemies who will try to turn you to ashes. Thank you!
By Fenririn Math Classroom Challenge, Titan Deep Space Company info May 23, 2019 108 WordsLeave a comment
Stellar Sphere now at the App Mac Store
We're happy to inform that Stellar Sphere is now at the Mac App Store!
There's just one small detail, though: as you proceed with the scoring and the twenty-four levels, plus the infinite level, you'll have to deal with different hordes of enemies who will try to turn you to ashes.
You can find more info here. Thank you!
By Fenririn Stellar Sphere, Titan Deep Space Company info May 22, 2019 May 22, 2019 112 WordsLeave a comment
Enhanced version of Math Classroom Challenge for Xbox One
We're happy to inform that Math Classroom Challenge has been enhanced for the Xbox One, being the most important element the inclusion of DirectX 12, the new API for intensive graphics by Microsoft.
Math Classroom Challenge is again reworked to update its features on the Xbox One. We wanted to enhance the performance of the game, and we have been working on it. Something important has contributed to this: DirectX 12 on Xbox One. The game now makes better use of the memory, and that allows a game running better than never. And we are committed to enhanced the game even more.
The new version 2.0 is now on the Xbox Store. We explain all this in detail here.
By Fenririn Math Classroom Challenge, Titan Deep Space Company info April 27, 2019 April 27, 2019 116 WordsLeave a comment
Stellar Sphere, new scenario images & video
Here we've added some of the new images and a video of "Stellar Ring" the new scenario available for Stellar Sphere on Steam and Xbox One. And remember we also have a demo available. Thank you for your interest!
By Fenririn Images, Stellar Sphere, Videos April 25, 2019 44 WordsLeave a comment


Isn't it the dream of every girl to have bigger and curvy thighs? Of course, it is. So in this article we are providing you tips on how to gain weight on thighs?
Why should you gain weight on thighs?
Some may ask, "Why it is so important to have bigger thighs?" Here come the answers.
What should I do to gain weight on thighs?
Gaining weight is not an overnight magic. It will take some time, but waiting patiently is worthy. You should keep worrying about having skinny legs. What you should do is to have faith and start the journey for bigger thighs. In here, we have listed what you should do to make your dream come true. So, come on girls. Why wait. Give it a try, starting from today.
When it comes to your body; gaining weight, losing weight, beauty tips or anything, your diet plays a main role. Simply, it's all about calories. Your daily calorie intake should be higher than the amount your body burns down. The excess will expand your cells store in your body, expanding the cells. This will make your thighs bigger and curvier. Eating more than you usual did, does not mean that you should eat each and everything. You should only have healthy diets or else the outcome would be disastrous. You wouldn't like that, would you? Here are some foods which boost the muscles in your thighs and make then larger.
Doing regular exercises will speed up gaining weight on your thighs. So, put a full stop to your laziness and start doing exercises. You can go to a gym and train under professional trainee. Do not worry if you have no time or money to spend on gym. You can have your own workout plan and do them at home. The most important thing is do them on a regular basis. You should mainly focus on leg and hip exercises. Following exercises will help you to have bigger thighs.
How long will it take to gain weight on thighs?
As we mentioned earlier, this is not a magic. This takes some time, but with regular workouts and higher calorie intake will make the process quicker. All you have to do is to follow the tips regularly without forgetting. Usually your will see no positive results in the very first week. But, never give up hopes and continue your plan. When the time passes, you will have bigger and sexier thighs.
Also read –The Impact to Your Eye When Working With Screen.


Representatives from the Columbia Association's Open Space Management team will speak at Town Center and Wilde Lake village board meetings about constructing forebays for Lake Kittamaqundi and Wilde Lake.
They will discuss the function, environmental effects and maintenance requirements of forebays - shallow reservoirs or canals - in lakes. Residents will have an opportunity to ask questions.
The meetings will be at 7:30 p.m. Sept. 17 at Slayton House in the Wilde Lake Village Center and at 7:30 p.m. Sept. 25 at Oakland Manor in Town Center.
Information: Slayton House, 410-730-3987; Oakland Manor, 410-730-4744.
Starting tomorrow, Judy Templeton and Shari Grue will teach classes in the performing arts at Slayton House in the Wilde Lake Village Center.
Classes for children age 5 to 15 include tap dance, musical theater and acting for television.
Templeton and Rick Wright will teach "Show Biz Kids," a class in on-camera acting and getting started in the business for children in grades one through eight.
Dancer Lester Holmes will offer tap and jazz classes at Slayton House, beginning tomorrow.
The Jewish Federation of Howard County will sponsor a brunch with violinist Mark Singer for ages 55 and older at 10:30 a.m. Tuesday at the Bain Center, 5470 Ruth Keeton Way.
Admission is $3 for members; $6 for nonmembers. Reservations are requested.
Information or to reserve a place: Sophie Novinsky, 410-730-4976, ext. 103.
Members sought -- Wilde Lake Village Board is expanding from five to seven members. Residents interested in serving on the board for the rest of the 2007-2008 term can pick up an application at the front desk at Slayton House on Wilde Lake Village Green. The application deadline is Sept. 27. Interviews are to be held Oct. 1. Bernice Kish, 410-730-3987.
Self-defense -- Tim Belton of Savvy Self Defense teaches self-defense techniques from 12:15 p.m. to 1:15 p.m. Mondays, Tuesdays and Thursdays at Slayton House. The cost is $65 a month, or $8 to drop in. Columbia residents can request a 10 percent discount. Registration in advance is recommended. 410-730-3987.
Laughter workout -- Howard County Department of Recreation and Parks is sponsoring Another Way to See It, a laughter club for ages 55 and older. The program includes laughter exercises. The club meets from 9 a.m. to 9:40 a.m. Mondays at the Bain Center, 5470 Ruth Keeton Way. 410-313- 7279.
Mah-jongg -- Those ages 18 or older are invited to Slayton House in Wilde Lake Village Center for mah-jongg at 10 a.m. Wednesdays. Admission is free. Participants are invited to take a game and attend with a friend. 410-730-3987.
Senior yoga -- Yoga Center of Columbia will hold classes for senior citizens at Slayton House in Wilde Lake Village. The slow-paced, gentle-yoga classes emphasize breathing and stress reduction and are tailored to individual need and ability. The classes are held from 11:30 a.m. to 1 p.m. Thursdays. The six-week session, which ends Oct. 11, costs $78; the cost to drop in is $15. Prospective students are encouraged to consult a physician before starting any new exercise program. Registration is recommended. 410-730-3987.
Play groups -- The Town Center Community Association is accepting registration for the fall session of Parents & Tots Play Groups, which begins tomorrow. Children ages 6 months to 4 years are to meet Tuesdays and Thursdays; those 6 months to 24 months are to meet Wednesdays. The unstructured groups meet from 10 a.m. to noon at Historic Oakland, 5430 Vantage Point Road. The cost for the 10-week session is $25 for Columbia residents; $27.50 for nonresidents. 410-730-4744.
Environmental group -- The Town Center Community Association will sponsor an organizational meeting for a discussion group titled "Discussions on the Environment" from 7 p.m. to 9 p.m. Sept. 18 at Historic Oakland, 5430 Vantage Point Road. Topics are expected to include global warming, sustainability, breathable air, drinkable water, healthy food and living with nature. Town Center resident Stephen Meskin will be the coordinator. 410-730-4744.
Opera preview -- Howard County Department of Recreation and Parks, Howard County Office on Aging, and the Bain Center and its council will sponsor the fourth annual Opera Preview for ages 55 and older from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m. Sept. 23 at the Bain Center, 5470 Ruth Keeton Way. Tom Glenn will present musical highlights and synopses of La Boheme, Don Giovanni, Rigoletto and Tamerlano. Light refreshments will be served. Admission is free. 410-313-7281.


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The six stages of relationship development
Relationship Stages | Introduction To Human Communication
Here are six steps that just about every relationship goes through. If you're in characterize the last phase of the development of a relationship. What are the six stages of interpersonal relationships? . Describes what happens as the relationships develop; Includes breadth (number of topics talked . It takes time for any relationship to grow. According to famous psychologist George Levinger, every relationship goes through five stages, which are discussed in.
Whereas in the previous experimentation phase, conversation focused more on superficial topics such as discovering shared areas of interest and commonalities, in the intensifying stage the level of self-disclosure deepens. The breadth of topics discussed broadens and the depth in which each individual feels comfortable discussing those topics with the other becomes intimate and personal.
Devito's Relationship Stages
Knapp's relational development model
The 6 Stages of Romantic Relationships
In this stage, certain behaviors, such as increasing one-on-one contact through more frequent communication through face to face encounters, text, or phone callsdoing favors for a partner or offering gifts as tokens of affection, requesting commitment from a partner through direct definitional bid, personalized verbal expressions of affection such as "I love you" or assigning pet names such as "babe," and suggestive actions such as flirtation, gazing, or touching, may all emerge as methods of intensifying the connection between the two people.
Essential to the intensifying stage are "secret tests" [6] performed by each individual to ascertain whether his or her overtures are actually helpful in their intensification efforts.
These tests most often manifest themselves through: Endurance, in which a partner is placed in an unpleasant, inconvenient, or uncomfortable situation or respond to certain requests to determine his or her commitment to the relationship.
Public presentation during which a partner is introduced under a particular label such as "boyfriend" or "girlfriend" to see if they are comfortable with being identified in this manner. Separation, which tests whether communication and feelings of affection will continue despite an inability to physically be together. Third-party questioning, where one partner may attempt to find out the hidden feelings of the interested party indirectly by asking a friend to probe the person of interest for indication as to their depth of feeling and affection.
Stages in Interpersonal Relationships
Triangle tests, in which one partner sees if they can elicit jealousy from the other partner when another person expresses interest in the person concocting the test. While all five of these methods are common methods of testing intensification efforts, it's important to note that endurance, separation, and triangle tests are generally the least constructive, and can even be destructive when it comes to building the relationship.
In addition to bonding, the integration stage makes up maintenance stage of a relationship. During this stage, the couple is fused and elements of their respective social identities, such as friends, belongings, and living spaces, are now shared.
Other verbal and nonverbal manifestations of the integration include the couple seeing their relationship as special or unique in some way, the exchange of "trophies" for the other to wear or display, and potentially similarities in manner, dress, and verbal behavior can be seen. This stage puts the relationship on public display and suggests that the relationship is exclusive.
This stage often involves marriage or another type of public contract, though marriage is not necessary to successfully bond.
There is usually a turning point that happens in this stage that signals a change in the relationship, making the relationship intimate. Reaching this stage does not guarantee that the relationship will remain bonded, though many intimate relationships will remain in this stage until divorce, death, or another type of separation. Differentiating[ edit ] Differentiating is a process of disengaging or uncoupling.
During this stage, differences between the relationship partners are emphasized and what was thought to be similarities begins to disintegrate. Instead of working together, partners quickly begin to become more individualistic in their attitudes. Conflict is a common form of communication during this stage; oftentimes, it acts as a way to test how much the other can tolerate something that may threaten the relationship.
Knapp believes that differentiating can be the result of bonding too quickly; meaning, sufficient breadth and depth see: Social penetration theory was not established during the previous stages.
A common solution to differentiating is for each partner to give the other some space, though extreme differentiating can lead to a damaged relationship. Communication is limited to safe topics. This stage is marked by less total communication in terms of number of interactions, depth and breadth of topics discussed, and communication occurs in shorter durations.
Expressions of love and commitment also decrease. Communication in this stage sees partners saying very little because they "know" how the other person will respond. Individuals will engage in imagined interactions to predict a conversation with their partner. At this stage, there is still some hope that the relationship can be revived. However, in many cases there are too many costs accumulating and, therefore, most do not stay at this stage for long.
A key reason why individuals stay in this stage is to avoid the pain associated with terminating the relationship.
When actual avoidance cannot take place, however, partners will simply avoid each other while they're together, treating the other as if they didn't exist. Essentially, the individuals in the relationship become separate from one another physically, emotionally, and mentally. When there is communication, it is often marked by antagonism or unfriendliness "I just don't want to see or talk to you".
Different forms of distancing are also common at this stage: No longer are they both receiving a mutually satisfying outcome from being with one another.
Neither one of them is happy and the relationship must come to an end. Troubles in relationship start when people have different opinions, views and fail to reach to a mutually acceptable solution.
In such cases individuals decide to move on from a relationship for a fresh start. According to famous psychologist George Levinger, every relationship goes through following five stages.
To start relationship individuals need to know each other well. Two individuals might meet at some place and instantly hit it off. People feel attracted to each other and decide to enter into a relationship. Common friends, social gatherings, same organizations also help people meet, break the ice, get acquainted with each other and start a relationship. Individuals are no longer strangers and start trusting each other.
Individuals must be compatible with each other for the relationship to continue for a longer period of time. Individuals with similar interests and backgrounds tend to gel with each other more as compared to individuals from diverse backgrounds and different objectives. The build up stage in a relationship is often characterized by two individuals coming close, being passionate and feeling for each other.
Trust and transparency is essential for the charm to stay in relationship forever. Lack of compatibility, trust, love and care often lead to misunderstandings and serious troubles in relationship.
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