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Remarkable acts of courage
Sara Dowse
None of us can be certain how we will act in extreme circumstances, writes Sara Dowse. Two new books show imperfect humans at their best
Outsider: André Trocmé (left), shown here with his assistant pastor Édouard Theis (right) and school principal Roger Darcissac, during his brief confinement to the Saint-Paul d'Eyieaux internment camp. Photograph collection Roger Darcissac, courtesy Lieu de Mémoire, Le Chambon-sur-Lignon
The Ambiguity of Virtue: Gertrude van Tijn and the Fate of the Dutch Jews
By Bernard Wasserstein | Harvard University Press | $45
A Good Place to Hide: How One French Community Saved Thousands of Lives in World War II
By Peter Grose | Allen & Unwin | $32.99
It's been almost forty years since I began a serious, if self-directed, course in Jewish history, and the number of texts I've read on the single subject of the Holocaust is but a drop in the roiling sea available. I don't expect I'll ever be able to catch up and, if truth be told, by now what books I have read tend to blur into one another. Except the first one – that one I'll never forget. It was Terrence Des Pres's The Survivor: An Anatomy of Life in the Death Camps, a book that did much to send me on my autodidactic search. I don't know the circumstance of Des Pres's death, other than that he took his own life eleven years after he saw his classic in print. He was not the first writer whose grappling with such inhumanity led to suicide – Primo Levi preceded him by seven months. A close knowledge – in Levi's case, too close – of the premeditated, condoned and bureaucratically implemented murder of six million civilians, still within living memory, can be far too heavy a weight to bear.
Based, as the texts mostly are, on the testimonies of survivors and witnesses, The Survivor focuses on the shame the SS and other guards deliberately inculcated in their victims. What Des Pres homed in on was the shit that was everywhere, in the freight cars in which hundreds were crammed without sufficient facilities, then in the camps where the same lack applied, and finally in the Zyklon-B "showers" themselves. It was as if the whole horrific journey was a sewer in which the victims were forced to travel, trudging through the Dantesque hell of their own excrement. Here was both fact and metaphor, and Des Pres's empathetic rendering of it did more than just about anything else to establish the means by which the Nazis set out to persecute and then eliminate (yes, the word is carefully chosen) my people. Murder on such a scale is almost impossible to grasp, but human shit – the smell and inescapable pervasiveness of it – certainly is.
Appearing in 1976, The Survivor was an early entry into the mass of Holocaust literature published in English. I had read Anne Frank's diary soon after the English edition came out in 1952, but this was written while she was in hiding, before her death from typhus in Bergen-Belsen in 1945. The English translation of Levi's Se questo è un uomo (If This Is A Man) appeared in 1959, bearing witness to his year in Auschwitz, but his was a relatively lone voice then. It took a while for the Holocaust to sink in after the war, largely because of an understandable reluctance on the part of survivors to revisit the horror they often felt guilty about escaping; and the fledgling, macho-Jewish state of Israel actually shrank from the shame of it, Yad Vashem notwithstanding. But then came 1985's Shoah, Claude Lanzmann's nine-and-a-half hour documentary recording the testimonies of both victims and perpetrators, most aptly described as an "act of witness." Shoah changed things. By the time it appeared, Israelis and Diaspora Jews alike were prepared to digest this pogrom of all pogroms in our tragic history.
Alongside these developments, a kind of sub-genre evolved. These were books designed to show that not all German or French or Polish or Dutch were complicit in Hitler's barbarism, and that many of the "righteous" non-Jews subsequently honoured in Israel were willing to risk their lives and those of their families to harbour Jews and help them escape certain doom. We in Australia know most about this through Thomas Keneally's Booker Prize–winning Schindler's Ark and the Spielberg movie made from it, but the first was arguably Anne Frank's diary itself. For three years before they were betrayed, the Frank family were hidden behind a bookcase in the Amsterdam building where Anne's father worked.
But those were complicated times. Before 1942, when the "final solution" was adopted and the Franks were forced into hiding, the Nazis themselves facilitated emigration out of Europe for Jews wealthy enough to pay for it, or those helped by Jewish philanthropic organisations, including the ones operating under the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee. There were even negotiations between the Nazis and the Jewish Agency for exit visas to Palestine. But after the Wannsee Conference of January 1942 the cooperation ended. The Nazis may have wanted a judenrein Germany, but as the majority of Jews could only get as far as mainland Europe, most of which was then Nazi-occupied, extermination seemed the only expedient. Or so the grisly logic went.
Like the Franks, Gertrude Cohn was also a German Jew who ended up in Holland, in her case after the outbreak of the first world war had cut short her stint as a social worker in England. In Amsterdam, Gertrude embraced Zionism, and by 1917 she was running the Jewish National Fund's Commissariat there. Three years later she married Jacques van Tijn, a Dutch mining engineer and thus acquired her invaluable Dutch citizenship.
With Jacques offering his services as a travelling exploration geologist, the van Tijns spent several years out of the country. When they returned in 1932 they set up house in a wealthy, slightly Bohemian suburb just outside Amsterdam, where Gertrude raised her two children and entertained a wide range of visitors. But five years on, as the Nazi crackdown on German Jews intensified, Gertrude's husband, always a bit of a womaniser, finally left her. A broken Gertrude threw her considerable energy into helping more of her fellow German Jews across the Dutch border and then sought to find them refuge in England, the United States, Canada, Australia and Palestine, or wherever else she found places that would take them.
Because of her native German and fluency in Dutch and English, van Tijn was able to negotiate with the Nazis while maintaining contact with the Americans and British. One very important interlocutor operated from Geneva; she also had French and Zionist contacts. Secretary to two Dutch Jewish committees, she developed a well-functioning network for dealing with the flood of refugees pouring out of Germany. After the invasions of Czechoslovakia and Poland, others began arriving from Eastern Europe. Van Tijn was instrumental in setting up a farm, or werkdorp, on the outskirts of Amsterdam where young refugees could be housed and trained in agriculture. Her most urgent task was saving Jewish children through the famous Kindertransport.
But her work became next to impossible after Germany invaded Holland itself. Soon enough, her committees were disbanded and the Germans created a Judenrat, or Jewish Council, in their place. Believing that getting Jews out of the Netherlands was more crucial than ever, she continued to work for the Council, but only as a volunteer. She refused to join the Council, and had a tense relationship with David Cohen and Abraham Asscher, its two leaders. What little income she had came from the United States and some of the international relief agencies. Finally, like Anne Frank, she was sent to Bergen-Belsen, but despite an ongoing heart condition she miraculously survived.
After Germany's defeat, Cohen and Asscher were formally charged by the Jewish community with collaboration, and though she was never charged herself, the very fact of her having worked for them meant that Gertrude was tainted. Indeed, we might never have known her story, or her intricate footwork of survival during the Dutch occupation, but for the fact that, apart from a voluminous correspondence and her report to the Dutch government on her wartime activities, she wrote a memoir with the aim of setting the record straight. According to Bernard Wasserstein, the University of Chicago historian and author of this biography, her memoir is a rare and impressive document, not only because it is one of the few to record Holland's experience of war and occupation, but also because Gertrude is unusually frank and critical of herself and so – unlike so much autobiographical writing Wasserstein read, and David Cohen's in particular – it is not at all self-serving.
Having refused refuge herself when it was offered many times, and despite the hardships she endured and the risks she took with her life, van Tijn lived into her eighties. By then she had settled in Portland, Oregon, to be close to her children, from whom the war had separated her for years.
For readers now, especially here in Australia, one of the most significant insights to be gleaned from Wasserstein's account is how similar the arguments against accepting refugees in van Tijn's time were to those shaping policy today. Refugees weren't escaping persecution but merely seeking a better life; transit and receiving nations didn't have the capacity to absorb them; their arrival in too great numbers would inflame racial prejudice – and, in the case of Palestine, would cause the Arabs to riot. Unscrupulous smugglers operated as well, charging high fees to guide people over borders. Many refugees were deemed to be "illegal," entering without papers or using papers that were forged. There were several instances, too, of boats being turned back. (It was the turning back of the St Louis, with its Jewish refugee passengers, after it had docked in Havana and its passengers were refused entry to the United States, that eventually led to the adoption in 1951 of the current UN Convention.)
The specific question of forged papers neatly segues into Peter Grose's A Good Place to Hide. Peter Grose is a former Australian journalist, literary agent and publisher living off the coast of France, where he came upon the story of how the French Protestant community of the Haute-Loire Plateau, a part of France with a history of Huguenot resistance, played a critical role in saving Jews after the June 1940 Nazi invasion. Grose's previous books, An Awkward Truth and A Very Rude Awakening, cover Australian war subjects – the 1942 bombing of Darwin and the Japanese midget submarine attack on Sydney Harbour – and here too he reveals his journalist's nose for remarkable events.
Unlike Wasserstein, whose focus in The Ambiguity of Virtue is on a single brave woman, Grose writes about a whole community. Still, it's inevitable that certain players stand out. Oscar Rosowsky, for instance. Clearly one of Grose's favourites, Rosowsky arrived on the Plateau as a seventeen-year-old boy with his mother, Mira, in late 1942. His father had already been arrested and the two of them, mother and son, had been separated. After hair-raising escapes from the Vichy authorities, they both ended up on Le Chambon sur Lignon, the principal village in Grose's story. The boy was already launched on his career as a forger, having produced false identities for himself and for his mother. Not until the war ended did the inhabitants of Le Chambon come to know that the two were even related.
Grose describes Rosowsky as "one of the finest – and most spectacular – forgers in World War II history," and shows the importance of what he did:
By early 1943, [Rosowsky's] forgery team had become a key element in the rescue operation. Looking back on it now, it seems incredible that this onerous and crucial burden rested on the skinny shoulders of an eighteen-year-old Latvian Jew with no experience of or contact with the dark underworld of criminal forgery, and whose frustrated ambition was to become a doctor.
Happily, Rosowsky's ambition was realised, and he eventually became president of the General Medical Council of France.
Not so fortunate was André Trocmé, Le Chambon's pastor for the war's duration. In many respects, Trocmé's story parallels van Tijn's. Trocmé, too, was an outsider. From northern France, near the Belgian border, and with a German mother, he was fluent in that language. Like van Tijn, he came from a wealthy family, and was the family "firebrand" and not a little stubborn. Two traumatic events transformed him into the unwavering pacifist he became. Like van Tijn, he suffered the untimely death of his mother, and he was forever marked by what he saw at close quarters of the gruesome butchery of war:
The River Somme, scene of the most terrible trench warfare of World War I, flows through the middle of Saint-Quentin, so the worst of the carnage took place nearby... [F]or two and a half years André witnessed at first hand the streams of bodies being brought back through the town from the front line. He could smell the gangrenous flesh, and see for himself the bitter consequences of war.
The Trocmés were forced to billet a young German officer, a man André assumed might one day kill his brother Robert, a French army captain. The German convinced him that, as a Christian, he had arranged with his superiors that he would not carry a gun and would serve as a telegraph operator instead. André took him to a meeting of young French Christians who, after a momentary pause, accepted him as a fellow Christian and pacifist. This is what clinched it for Trocmé, and eventually sustained him throughout the dark days when he led his parish in the dangerous business of harbouring refugees and smuggling them over the border into Switzerland.
But late in the war Trocmé's pacifism worked against him. The Resistance was gaining strength on the Plateau and the maquisards were in fierce combat with the Germans, holding out until the Allied invasion. Now, they became the heroes of France's struggle. A pacifist was not only irrelevant; there was also the very real chance that Trocmé might be seen as a collaborator. A big enough cloud of suspicion hung over his head that he was forced to resign as Le Chambon's pastor.
Trocmé spent most of his remaining life in Geneva working with the international peace movement. He was nominated twice for the Nobel Peace Prize and was named as one of Israel's Righteous Among Nations, but he refused that honour unless it was bestowed on all of Le Chambon. He also received the Rosette de la Résistance for "remarkable acts of courage that contributed to the resistance of the French people against the enemy." As Grose observes with irony, he was "surely the only high-profile pacifist to ever receive it."
Of the two books, Grose's flows better – which is quite an achievement considering the number of characters he juggles and the many connections welding together his story. The son of another of Le Chambon's resisters made a documentary of their exploits, Weapons of the Spirit, the title of which was taken from Trocmé's joint declaration with another pastor on 23 June 1940 – the sad day when the armistice between France and Germany was signed. The full text of the declaration is included in A Good Place to Hide, along with a précis of Huguenot resistance and other valuable appendices. The one thing missing is an index.
I was most grateful to Wasserstein for providing one. For neither his nor Grose's book is what you would call an easy read. Nor do I think they should have been. The subjects they tackle are among the most serious of our time. None of us can be certain that we will act with honour if circumstances demand. But for all the ambiguity that's mixed up in virtue, as it is practised in the all-too-material world, it's a comfort to know that we humans are capable of lifting ourselves out of unspeakable mire, and risking our imperfect selves for a higher good. •
Sara Dowse is a Sydney-based writer.
Topics: Europe | France | Germany | history | Holland
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Alana Levandoski
Sunday Song and Rumination
Sunday Song and Rumination 10 - inseparably interwoven
"God and the suffering of the world are inseparably interwoven." - James Finley
"The feeling remains, God is on the journey too." - Teresa of Avila
"In stillness nailed. To hold all time, all change, all circumstances in and to, Love's embrace." - Anonymous nun, as found on page 124 in The Wisdom Jesus by Cynthia Bourgeault
I noticed this week that so many people from outside the Christian tradition have been confused about how folks who claim to follow Jesus could be attracted to, or appreciative of, blatant power-driven bullying. I have been in dialogue with folks about the philosophical roots of this immense problem, and of course, that gets us asking questions about human nature and God nature and presses us to these places where our shaken faith leads us to regions we've never been before. Sometimes very dark places that doubt the existence of benevolence.
In the West, we've all been conditioned to see things dualistically, and this is not easily unlearned. We want there to be good and bad people. We want an obvious light over and against darkness. We want God to be different than God is... more accentuated in how justice is served out, right now. We think that looking at events and actions in any sort of non-dual way is either not naming something or seen as backing down from speaking truth to power. But true non-duality is quite possibly doing far more in the long run, than either denial, or quick, dramatic reaction. What non-duality should be doing, if it is true, is to find a way to both name things, and set things within a process that makes them new.
False peace is not wanting shit to come to the surface. But real peace finds a way to stir the shit up in such a creative way, that it makes real change, that harnesses collective energy toward the common good.
There is a scene in Thomas Merton's Seven Storey Mountain, where he looks across at his little brother John Paul, who is about to go to serve in World War II. There is a divide between them, like his brother is unreachable, but you get the sense that Merton almost wants to reach out and have his brother stay and that he would take his place. John Paul dies in the war making young Thomas Merton the last surviving member of his immediate family.
Merton wrote a beautiful poem about his brother which I put to music, along with James Finley's spoken word. It grieves. And then it begins to articulate that part of the way toward holding something very difficult in the radical arms of love, is to get closer to it at the quantum level, even if we can't be physically close to it. There are relationships that can be so broken, due to any number of circumstances, (in the case of Merton, his relationship with his brother was severed by death), that sometimes the only safe way to heal, or to heal the wound that was made, is to touch it at the level where it has been held in love already by Christ, the great Mystery, holding all things together.
This comprehension laid the groundwork for Merton moving toward the world... from this place of solitude, where he touched the love that holds all things together. There is a point in the poem where Merton refers to the cross he wears as a monk or priest, and the cross of his brother's soldier's grave, saying "Christ died on each for both of us". The first time I read that, I openly wept. At the comprehension of my own dualism that a mystical monk could ever be held in common with a soldier. I was assaulted by two soldiers once, with only a narrow escape. But I know someone who was assaulted by a monk, too.
As we look at ways to be creative and innovative, and even as we long for things to be different, let's remember that there is energy to be found in forgiving the events that are half-forgiven, in healing the wounds that are half-healed. It is by now a cliche to say that forgiving is not excusing or sending the message that you're available for more abuse... but with that disclaimer, what would happen if each of us who read this gathered the energy that comes with a sort of ahistorical forgiveness?
The place where Merton went, when his eyes become flowers for his brother's tomb, and his fasts become willows where his brother died, is the place where all things are held together, and where all things are being made new, that "holds all time, all change all circumstances, in Love's embrace."
Listen to John Paul in this sort of context and allow for the poetry to expand inside of you as a creative force and a balm.
John Chase
I agree that the us/them duality as gotten so far out of control. I was thinking recently that the only way forward is to hit that mythical reset button, for at this point, neither "side" has the answer or can forge a path to where we need to get. And although mercy triumphs over judgement, anyone who reads the prophets knows that both are part of God's character. I have both at war within me, as I was reared with a mother who was mercy and a father who was judgement. But God is holy, and although "he forgives all my sins," he also commands me to "be holy, even as [he] is holy." For the woman caught in adultery, he showed her great mercy. But he didn't leave it there, he said, "Go, and sin no more." We are to bring in the lost and those broken by the corruption and perversion of creation, as we identify in our own lives with being lost and broken. Yet ours is not just to create a safe haven for them where they are free from controversy about it, but ours is to bring them to Jesus who is the only one who can restore our relationship with holy God. One side says, we need more mercy, the other, we need more judgement. The reality is, we need to hold both in balance and realize that without both, we can never be healed.
Alana Levandoski is a song and chant writer, recording artist and music producer, in the Christian tradition, who lives with her family on a regenerative farm on the Canadian prairies.
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Seeds Play Seeds NFL Playoffs? NFL Playoffs
Submitted by: Austine Donnenfeld
What seeds play what seeds in NFL playoffs?
The NFL does not use a fixed bracket system; the outcome of the Wild Card games determine the matchups of the Divisional playoffs games, with the lowest remaining seed in each conference traveling to the first seed, and the second-lowest remaining seed traveling to the second-highest remaining seed.
One is underground, the other gold and brown. What remains is red and round . To complete this quest you'll want to visit Goofy's stall and buy carrot seeds, wheat seeds, and tomato seeds. Essentially, carrots grow underground, wheat is gold and brown when grown, and tomatoes are red and round.
Set intentions, plants seeds, plan and go within, Be still, grateful for what already exists, Silently use your intuition to glean what more might occur, Let go of expectations, release, surrender and exhale…
Which teams have a bye in the 2023 NFL playoffs? The Chiefs (14-3) and Eagles (14-3) earned a bye into the Divisional Round as No. 1 seeds.
' Curry? Curry?
Originating in India by those British colonialists, curry powder typically includes spices like cloves, cardamon, ginger, nutmeg, fennel, caraway, ajowan seeds, dried basil, mustard seeds, mace, poppy seeds, sesame seeds, saffron or cinnamon.Oct 29, 2017
Ten 15 seeds have upset 2 seeds in the NCAA tournament history. Going into 2022, 15 seeds had an 9-135 all-time record against 2s, a 6.25 win percentage. Here are all of the times it's ever happened.
NFL Playoff Format and Bracket Teams are seeded No. 1 through No. 7 in each conference, with the division winners receiving seeds No. 1 through No. 4 and the three Wild Card teams receiving seeds No. 5 through No. 7.
3 Examples Proteins? Protein - Health Channel
What is protein?
meat and fish.eggs.dairy products.seeds and nuts.legumes like beans and lentils.
The No. 1 seed in each conference will receive a bye while the other six teams play wild-card games. They will be between the Nos. 2 and 7 seeds, the Nos. 3. and 6 seeds and the Nos. 4 and 5 seeds. After the opening round, the teams are re-seeded so the No. 1 seed plays the lowest remaining seed.
Endocannabinoid-Reinforcing Foods
Hemp seeds oil.Chia seeds.Walnuts.Flax seeds oil.Sardines and anchovies.Eggs (pasture-fed or omega 3 enriched only)
In the play-in tournament, the Brooklyn Nets and Minnesota Timberwolves secured the No. 7 seeds in their respective conferences. Meanwhile, the Atlanta Hawks and the New Orleans Pelicans recorded back-to-back wins to earn the eighth and final spot in the playoffs.
How The Field Of 68 Teams Is Picked For March Madness
Each region includes teams seeded 1 through 16. The four number 1 seeds are placed in different regions and the four number 2 seeds are as well, using the S-Curve concept, meaning the worst of the number 2 seeds (No. 8 on the overall seed list) is placed in the same region as the overall top seed).
Yes, you can bring sunflower seeds into Yankee Stadium for individual consumption. Most MLB stadiums also have sunflower seeds available at certain concession stands throughout the stadium.
Spices and herbs consist of rhizomes, bulbs, barks, flower buds, stigmas, fruits, seeds, and leaves. They are commonly divided into the categories of spices, spice seeds, and herbs.


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REVIEW: Sticky Bump
August 17, 2012 Tim Hurley	7 Comments
Slapped with the local multiplayer-only tag, it was an all-too familiar feeling sitting down with Sticky Bump (80 MSP), which sounds like a sexual act but is not (that I'm aware of). The deal is bumper cars, with scoring and cat-and-mouse tactics. Purely arcade. The Stickies (bordered in white) collect traffic cones and drop them off in the scoring zone, while the black-outlined Bullies attempt to thwart their drive, either by ramming them, turning them into Bullies and reversing the roles, or by moving the score marker across the map. The objective is to get the highest score by the end of a timed round. With a sort of muted fun in mind, I sat down with a friend to smash some cars.
I'd be remiss if I didn't say we had a laugh, mostly at the expense of the game's ridiculous and accented voice overs (Attention! Ooo la la!… see trailer for context). And that was about it. A one-on-one fight didn't engineer much tension, and the novelty of it wore off in fifteen minutes. The game doesn't offer A.I. allies / enemies, or any additional modes or options (there is a toggle for rockets, which shoots the traffic cones at other cars to stun them, bizarrely). The maps, what few there are, lack visual variety and instead just reassign boundaries.
I don't recommend a lot of local-multiplayer-only XBLIGs. Taking an already tiny market in XBLIG and cutting it down even further is not the best move. By requiring a player to have friends over, which is easier said than done for a lot of gamers (conflicting schedules, proximity, etc.), you severely limit your reach. I've made my peace with other offline MP-only games like leaderboard-contender Hidden in Plain Sight, not just because it's a surprising amount of fun, but because it contains enough variety that it doesn't feel stale after a few battles. You only get so much time with it when friends are available, and that limited experience almost works to its advantage.
For something like Sticky Bump, which relies on a single concept over a quartet of same-ish maps and layouts, the multiplayer-only option is a serious handicap. Again, I managed only one-on-one for a handful of rounds, yet even with four players (the game's ideal setup), I don't think the canned voice overs and repetitive environments can carry the game as much as developer KeeWeed hopes it will. To have A.I. cars here would at least give you something more to do.
I'm not about to force anyone to alter designs or the way they craft their art to fit my definition of fun, but with the sizable investment in four controllers and the headache of organizing a meetup of willing participants, it may be time for indie developers to take a longer look at their initial ideas.
80 MSPbumper carsHidden in Plain SightKeeWeedlocal multiplayer onlyNot a Sexual ActSticky BumpXBLIGXbox 360Xbox Live Indie GamesXNA
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7 thoughts on "REVIEW: Sticky Bump"
Reblogged this on Gigable – Tech Blog.
Karisma says:
Same. I'm so busy myself that I have a hard time meeting up with friends at times. The game looks like it has clean flow though and I'd probably get addicted lol! I heard IndieCast will be releasing some sweet games soon, looking forward to that.
As an arcade game, I'd agree it works in quick sessions. Don't know if it has staying power. You'd have to do four players, though. One on one just didn't cut it. 🙂
Alan Charlesworth says:
Local multiplayer only is a serious issue for me. It's the sole reason that I can't play this game. Most of my Xbox-owning friends are some 80+ miles away, and the one solitary Xbox owner who is within easy reach often works nights, plus has a young (step)child, so it's not easy to coordinate. Even if we did manage to get together for an evening of living room Xboxing, that would still only be one-on-one, which is hardly ideal.
I can't recriminate anyone for developing a game that's best as a multiplayer experience, or for shying away from the quagmire of programming online play for an XBLIG, but it simply doesn't work for me.
keeweed says:
I understand this completely and I think you're not the only one.
You might be interested in the Why;
Well, the whole reason this game exists, is because I do play local multiplayer every now and then and always have an absolute great time. Either with friends, or colleagues, or people I don't even know (on a fair or something). We play, drink a couple of beers and have a good laugh and that, for me, is a great way of gaming. Compared to online multiplayer, which I like, local multiplayer wins by far for me.
Next thing is, I hear people complaining local multiplayer is fading away. It's not that common as it used to be and people miss it, at least… some do 😉 I'm not saying I'm bringing it totally back with Sticky Bump, but at least I'm presenting another option for this audience.
So, that's the inspiration. I realized from the start many people can't or won't play it because of local multiplayer. But then again, there are enough good singleplayer games to choose from 😉
I certainly understand the appeal. Some of my favourite gaming memories are playing local multiplayer (back when it was the only form of multiplayer) with my brother. I used to have weekly 3-4 player Goldeneye sessions at my friend's house.
Sadly it's just not something I can do anymore.
Ah, GoldenEye, so many memories there. I think that stands, and by far, as the game that should rightfully stay and only ever be local multiplayer. You couldn't duplicate a game like that again if you tried. Perfect Dark was close, but GoldenEye remains the champ.
That was literally the plan every day after high school. GoldenEye. We had a set map and game type for the first five or so matches too, to show how hardcore we were. If ever there was a game that you'd buy four controllers for, not just out of necessity, it was GoldenEye.
That's sort of the point I wanted to make; back then, this was the only option. Nowadays, we're all spoiled with instant communication and online matchmaking. I miss that local atmosphere too, but its time has seemingly come and gone, and for younger gamers, who have never known anything but online gaming, I don't know if the appeal is strong enough to drag them in.
That said, Sticky Bump is light in its offerings. I've no doubt it would be fun with four players, but with limited settings, how long would it really entertain? The idea is a nice thought, but you really do have to include bots and additional modes, if just to extend your game's lifespan.


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ROMEO CRENNEL
Stephen A. Smith says Black coaches shouldn't apply for Texans job
ESPN's Stephen A. Smith had a lot to say about the Houston Texans firing their third head coach in the same amount of years after Lovie Smith was let go on Sunday.
AP Source: QB Watson requests trade from Houston Texans
Houston Texans quarterback Deshaun Watson speaks during a news conference following an NFL divisional playoff football game against the Kansas City Chiefs in Kansas City, Mo., Sunday, Jan. 12, 2020. Star quarterback Deshaun Watson has requested a trade from the Houston Texans, a person familiar with the move told The Associated Press. (AP Photo/Ed Zurga, File)HOUSTON – Star quarterback Deshaun Watson has requested a trade from the Houston Texans, a person familiar with the move told The Associated Press. The same source who told The AP about the trade request said Watson made the ask before Culley's hire. The only other minority candidate who was hired as a head coach this offseason was the New York Jets' Robert Saleh, the league's first Muslim American head coach.
McCown with Texans 19 seasons after hoping to join team
In 2002 the Houston Texans were an expansion team preparing for their first season and McCown had just wrapped up his college career at nearby Sam Houston State. (AP Photo/Michael Perez, File)HOUSTON – In 2002, the Houston Texans were an expansion team preparing for their first season and Josh McCown had just wrapped up his college career at nearby Sam Houston State. Nineteen seasons and nine teams later, the quarterback finally got his wish when he signed with the Texans this month to be their third quarterback behind Deshaun Watson and AJ McCarron. I followed it closely because it was another team in Texas," McCown said. Since McCown has been in the NFL since the Texans became a team, it's no surprise that at 41 he's by far the oldest player on the team.
NFL develops 7-point mobility plan for diversity hiring
When the Rooney Rule was adopted by the NFL in 2003, Vincent was in his 12th of 15 seasons as an outstanding defensive back. He was soon to become the president of the NFL Players Association, an impactful position he held for four years. He was soon to become the president of the NFL Players Association, an impactful position he held for four years. Yet he knows the Rooney Rule, designed to advance opportunities for minorities in such areas as coaching and front office positions, hasn't been having the desired effect. Vincent makes note of the dozens of people who have pushed for diversity in the 17 years since the Rooney Rule was adopted.
The Latest: Steelers beat Bengals 36-10 to improve to 9-0
The Pittsburgh Steelers beat the Cincinnati Bengals 36-10 to become the NFL's first team to get to 9-0 since the 2015 Carolina Panthers. The Cardinals beat Buffalo 32-30 on a 43-yard touchdown pass from Kyler Murray to DeAndre Hopkins with 2 seconds left, dropping the Bills record to 7-3. Brees was shaken up on a sack in the second quarter when Kentavius Street landed on him. 1 pick Joe Burrow, threw a 3-yard touchdown pass to Jakeem Grant with 58 seconds left in the first quarter. Cole had scored on a franchise-record 91-yard punt return in the second quarter.
The Latest: Packers' Krys Barnes, Jordan Love on COVID list
The Latest on the effects of the coronavirus outbreak on sports around the world:___The Green Bay Packers placed linebacker Krys Barnes and reserve quarterback Jordan Love on the reserve/COVID-19 list. The list is for a player who has tested positive or has been in close contact with an infected person. The Bears canceled practice and closed their facility Thursday after another player tested positive. ___The Atlanta Falcons canceled practice and worked virtually Friday after a member of the football staff tested positive for COVID-19. "The whole reason we're doing it is to get guys to the game," coach Raheem Morris said.
Tua vs Kyler as rising Dolphins visit revitalized Cardinals
Miami Dolphins quarterback Tua Tagovailoa (1) and quarterback Ryan Fitzpatrick (14) embrace after Tagovailoa throws his first touchdown pass during an NFL game against the Los Angeles Rams, Sunday, Nov. 1, 2020 in Miami Gardens, Fla. (Margaret Bowles via AP)When the Dolphins leave the oceanfront and head to the desert to play the Cardinals on Sunday, it will be about more than Tua vs. Kyler. Tua Tagovailoa, as touted as any signal caller coming out of college in years, will make his second start for Miami. Henry has eight rushing touchdowns, finding the end zone in five straight games. The Patriots will try to avoid losing five straight games for the first time since 1995.
Browns' Beckham, Washington's Collins leave with injuries
(AP Photo/Michael Conroy)Cleveland receiver Odell Beckham and Washington safety Landon Collins will have more tests Monday to determine the extent of what could be season-ending injuries. Collins injured his left ankle/Achilles tendon in noncontact fashion early in the second quarter. Phillips was carted off the field early in the second quarter. — Carolina left tackle Russell Okung (calf) left in the second half against New Orleans and did not return. — New Orleans offensive tackle Terron Armstead (arm) left in the second quarter and did not return.
Henry, Titans rally past Texans 42-36 in OT, remain unbeaten
Henry took a direct snap and ran 5 yards for a touchdown 3:30 into overtime and the Titans remained undefeated, rallying to beat the Houston Texans 42-36 on Sunday. "Obviously, we all witnessed somebody taking a game over," Titans coach Mike Vrabel said of Henry. Watson's final TD pass put Houston (1-5) up 36-29 with 1:50 left, but his pass to Randall Cobb on the 2-point conversion attempt failed. Brown on a 7-yard TD pass with 4 seconds left. Watson answered two plays later with a 53-yard TD pass to Will Fuller for a 30-29 lead with 8:37 left.


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text:
Zack - Solo 2012
"I don't really have much of a filter," Zack said. "I kinda just throw it all out there." He definitely has a wild side and he's not afraid to share! "I love to experiment and explore," he told us. "I've tried it all. I've used anal beads, vibrators, butt plugs, you name it!" "Wow!" I said, "How big was the butt plug?" "It was a decent size... it hurt at first, but once I got turned on it kinda just slipped right in!" As the day went on, Zack got even more comfortable. He really got into it, and at one point he slipped a finger up his hole. "I noticed that you had your fingers in your ass," I mentioned afterward. He had a big grin on his face. "Yeah I like to do it... it makes me get really close... it makes me almost cum instantly!"
Added: 1 year ago
Tags: Freshmen, Masturbation, Muscles, Solo, Tattoos
Categories: Solo, Masturbation
Policeman's Secret
Prenuptial
Chandler Fucks Reed
Ice Cream - Hugh Hunter, Viktor Rom
Jock Piss With Elijah Knight


text:
La Coupe du monde de football de 1982 est la douzième édition de la Coupe du monde de football.
Elle se tient en Espagne du 13 juin au  et elle voit le sacre de l'Italie face à la RFA. Le mundial  de 1982 est le premier à réunir 24 nations et le dernier à comporter deux phases de poules. Pour la première fois également dans l'histoire de la Coupe du monde, les cinq continents (soit les six confédérations) sont représentés en phase finale. Le contexte politique est celui de l'Espagne post-franquiste, un an après la tentative de putsch aux Cortes.

De plus, c'est aussi la première fois où deux équipes sont départagées aux tirs au but (la RFA et la France en demi-finale). Cette rencontre France-RFA, disputée à Séville le , est restée dans les annales de la Coupe du monde. C'est un match à rebondissements qui durant la prolongation voit la France prendre l'avantage 3-1 par Marius Tresor et Alain Giresse, puis l'Allemagne recoller au score grâce à Karl-Heinz Rummenigge et Klaus Fischer. Finalement les Allemands se qualifient pour la finale en remportant la séance de tirs au but.

La Hongrie établit quant à elle le record de buts marqués dans un match de phase finale de Coupe du monde : 10 contre le Salvador au premier tour.

L'Italie compte dans ses rangs le buteur Paolo Rossi qui revient tout juste d'une suspension de deux ans après avoir été impliqué dans le scandale du Totonero. La Squadra Azzurra passe le premier tour sans gagner un match, puis Rossi élimine presque à lui tout seul le Brésil de Sócrates, Zico et Falcão en réalisant un triplé (3-2), avant de marquer les deux buts de la demi-finale face à la Pologne (2-0) puis d'ouvrir le score en finale face à l'Allemagne. L'Italie remporte son troisième titre mondial en s'imposant 3-1 avec des réalisations supplémentaires de Marco Tardelli et d'Alessandro Altobelli, contre un but de Paul Breitner en fin de match. Paolo Rossi est le meilleur buteur (6 réalisations) et est également désigné meilleur joueur du tournoi.

Désignation du pays organisateur
Le  à Londres, le congrès de la FIFA désigne les pays hôtes des trois éditions de la Coupe du monde à partir de 1974, dont l'Espagne pour l'édition de 1982.

Tour préliminaire

Stades

 Alicante : José Rico Pérez ()
 Barcelone : Camp Nou () et Sarrià ()
 Bilbao : San Mamés ()
 Elche : stade Martínez-Valero ()
 Gijón : El Molinón ()
 La Corogne : stade de Riazor ()
 Madrid : stade Santiago Bernabéu () et stade Vicente-Calderón ()
 Malaga : La Rosaleda ()
 Oviedo : stade Carlos Tartiere ()
 Saragosse : La Romareda ()
 Séville : Benito Villamarín () et Sánchez Pizjuán ()
 Valence : stade Luis Casanova ()
 Valladolid : stade José-Zorrilla ()
 Vigo : Balaídos ()

La compétition
La cérémonie d'ouverture se tient au stade du Camp Nou à Barcelone le dimanche . Le stade n'est pas plein. C'est le premier grand évènement médiatique à être diffusé sur les cinq continents (un an après le mariage du Prince Charles et de Lady Diana Spencer), dans 140 pays et devant un milliard de téléspectateurs. Dans le même temps, Anglais et Argentins s'affrontent dans une guerre pour le contrôle des îles Malouines (Falkland Islands pour les Anglais), comme une banderole déployée par des supporters argentins le rappelle (« Las Malvinas son argentinas »), tandis que Helenio Herrera venait de déclarer : « le football c'est la guerre » . C'est l'instant précis où surgissent opportunément deux colombes de la Paix (d'après Picasso) : une formée par  tout de blanc vêtus et l'autre réelle qu'un jeune Espagnol laisse s'échapper d'un ballon.

Le match d'ouverture se déroule et offre une surprise avec la victoire 1-0 de la Belgique sur le champion sortant, l'Argentine, emmenée par un très attendu Diego Maradona qui fait ses grands débuts en Coupe du monde devant le public de son nouveau club, le « Barça », qui vient de l'acheter pour 50 millions de francs (7,5 millions d'euros : transfert record).

Un fait notable de l'épreuve, connaissant le résultat final, est le mauvais départ dans la compétition des futurs demi-finalistes. Après deux premiers matchs terminés sur le score de 0-0, la Pologne connaît, grâce aux attaquants Grzegorz Lato et Zbigniew Boniek, un réveil lors de la dernière journée de poule du premier tour (5-1 face au Pérou). Par contre, l'Italie se qualifie de justesse pour le second tour sans remporter le moindre match (trois nuls en autant de rencontres) grâce à un but marqué de plus que le Cameroun, tandis que la France perd d'entrée nettement contre l'Angleterre (1-3) et frôle l'élimination contre la Tchécoslovaquie. De son côté l'Allemagne est surprise d'entrée le  par l'Algérie de Lakhdar Belloumi (1-2), avant de se ressaisir. Cependant le décalage des matchs de la dernière journée de ce groupe 2 très disputé qui se résume à un match à 3 (deux qualifiés, un éliminé) sera à l'origine d'un malaise. En effet, l'Algérie gagne son ultime match contre le Chili et reste en course pour la qualification mais doit attendre le résultat du dernier match, RFA-Autriche, disputé le lendemain pour être fixé sur son sort. La rencontre RFA-Autriche débute normalement, mais après l'ouverture du score des Allemands, le match baisse d'intensité, au point que les deux équipes ne "jouent plus", semblant se satisfaire l'une (gagnante) et l'autre (perdante) de ce score de 1 à 0 qui les qualifie toutes les deux. L'Algérie est éliminée et la rencontre Autriche-RFA endosse très vite le surnom de « match de la honte ». À la suite de cet incident, la FIFA prend conscience du problème posé par les matchs décalés et prend la décision à l'avenir d'organiser les deux derniers matchs de groupe simultanément. Ce principe sera plus tard étendu aux matchs de dernière journée de groupe en phases de qualification.

Le deuxième tour voit d'une part le parcours brillant d'une équipe de France libérée menée par Michel Platini, et d'autre part le réveil italien, surtout celui de Paolo Rossi. Cet attaquant venait de finir de purger une suspension (écourtée pour l'occasion de la Coupe du monde) due à son implication dans une histoire de pots-de-vin liés au loto sportif (affaire dite du « totonero »). Invisible lors du premier tour, il avait néanmoins gardé la confiance de l'entraîneur. Il marque un coup d'éclat avec un triplé face à un Brésil trop joueur. Le match décisif du groupe A oppose, lui, l'URSS à la Pologne en pleine époque de Solidarność et d'état de siège, toujours dans le Camp Nou, quatre banderoles aux couleurs du syndicat sont disposées sur chacune des tribunes. Mais à l'inverse du match d'ouverture, cette fois, les policiers vont intervenir pour arracher lesdites banderoles au grand mécontentement du public. Les Polonais se contentent d'un jeu destructif, le match nul 0-0 les qualifiant pour les demi-finales grâce à la différence de buts. Boniek et Smolarek font même preuve de plusieurs manœuvres intimidatrices d'anti-jeu. Avant le match, Boniek avait pourtant annoncé : « Ce sera le match des matchs ».

Le match le plus époustouflant de la compétition reste la rencontre entre la France et l'Allemagne de l'Ouest le  au stade Sanchez Pizjuan de Séville. On retient entre autres l'agression du gardien de but allemand Harald Schumacher sur Patrick Battiston. Frappé de plein fouet à la tête, le joueur français est emmené d'urgence à l'hôpital, tandis que Schumacher termine le match sans même avoir reçu un carton. En prolongation, les Allemands, menés 3-1, parviennent à revenir au score pour se qualifier finalement aux tirs au but. Dans l'autre demi-finale, l'Italie s'impose 2-0 (2 buts de Rossi) face à la Pologne, privée de Boniek suspendu.

La Pologne obtient la troisième place face à l'équipe de France, puis l'Italie s'impose en finale face à une équipe allemande fatiguée. L'Italie obtient ainsi son troisième sacre, devenant la première équipe européenne à y parvenir. Rossi, marquant pour la sixième fois, s'élève au rang de meilleur buteur de la compétition, et le gardien Dino Zoff devient, à quarante ans, le plus vieux joueur et le plus vieux capitaine d'équipe de l'histoire du football à soulever le trophée mondial.

Parmi les rencontres marquantes, on peut citer l'excellent Brésil-Union soviétique, à Séville (les Brésiliens s'imposent 2-1 après avoir été longtemps menés 0-1), le dramatique URSS-Écosse à Malaga (le match nul 2-2 qualifie l'URSS de Blokhine et Dassaiev contre l'Écosse de Souness, Dalglish et Strachan), Angleterre-France avec l'ouverture du score dès la  par le Britannique Bryan « Robbo » Robson. Le match Argentine-Hongrie au stade José Rico Perez d'Alicante a lieu le vendredi , quatre jours après la fin de la guerre des Malouines et la capitulation argentine. Le sélectionneur César Luis Menotti annonce à ses joueurs avant le match : « Maintenant ne pensez plus à la guerre, elle est terminée. Ne songez plus désormais qu'au football, c'est pour cela que nous sommes ici ». Propos entendus, les albicelestes s'imposent 4-1 avec deux buts de Maradona et un d'Ardiles qui venait de perdre son cousin durant le conflit. Lors de France-Koweït, le frère de l'Émir, Fahad Al-Ahmed Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, entre sur le terrain pour contester un but marqué par les Français et obtient gain de cause (l'arbitre russe sera radié à vie par la FIFA pour ce comportement à l'issue du match). L'équipe koweitienne était entraînée par le Brésilien Carlos Alberto Parreira, qui avait succédé au libano-brésilien Mário Zagallo. Enfin on peut noter le surprenant Belgique-Hongrie, avec l'équipe magyare qui présente cinq attaquants comme à l'époque du WM, du jamais vu dans le football moderne depuis 25 ans, car elle doit obligatoirement s'imposer pour se qualifier. Mais finalement le match se solde par un nul 1-1.

Un record a été battu, celui du nombre de buts marqués par une équipe en un match : 10, par la Hongrie contre le Salvador à Elche.

L'Angleterre, impressionnante au premier tour, est éliminée sans avoir perdu un match, mais faute d'avoir réussi à marquer le moindre but au second tour, elle échoue aux portes des demi-finales. À la différence de formations comme la France et l'Italie, en forme ascendante, méconnaissables d'un tour à l'autre, les Anglais ont pris ce Mundial à l'envers, en démarrant en fanfare et en perdant de leur efficacité au fil des rencontres.

Le tournoi surprend aussi par la médiocrité de l'équipe espagnole, supportant manifestement mal la pression devant son public, mais qui atteint malgré tout le second tour.

En termes de qualité de jeu, les deux équipes qui font la meilleure impression au cours de la compétition sont le Brésil, au football samba de Zico, Socrates, Falcão, Cerezo, Júnior ou encore Éder, et la France qui, avec ses arrières Marius Trésor et Maxime Bossis, son milieu de terrain (surnommé le "carré magique" avec Michel Platini, Jean Tigana, Alain Giresse et Bernard Genghini) et son attaquant Dominique Rocheteau enchante le public au point de valoir aux joueurs français le surnom de « Brésiliens de l'Europe ». Le beau parcours de l'équipe de France qui s'arrête en demi-finale, préfigure son succès à l'Euro 84. Le Brésil et la France ont donc joué, mais ont manqué de rigueur défensive, contrairement à la Squadra Azzurra, qui s'en est allée remporter le trophée avec beaucoup de solidarité, de solidité et de pragmatisme. Il s'agit de la première victoire italienne en Coupe du monde depuis 44 ans. Deux joueurs italiens se sont particulièrement mis en évidence : le buteur Paolo Rossi, et le gardien-capitaine de 40 ans Dino Zoff.

Équipes qualifiées
Voir l'article : Tour préliminaire de la coupe du monde de football 1982

Tirage au sort

Comme quatre ans auparavant, le tirage au sort est précédé par de longues discussions et controverses portant sur la désignation des têtes de série, qui sont particulièrement convoitées en raison des privilèges dont elles bénéficient. Finalement, à l'exception de l'Espagne pays hôte, les têtes de série sont désignées sur le critère du palmarès (tous les anciens champions du monde qui se sont qualifiés). Le tirage au sort de la phase finale se déroule le  au Palais des Congrès de Madrid. Il est supervisé par Sepp Blatter, secrétaire général de la FIFA et un système inédit de machines à loteries est notamment utilisé. Pour la deuxième fois dans l'histoire du tournoi, comme en 1978, les têtes de série sont toutes préalablement affectées à leur groupe respectif, et leur « position » dans le groupe, qui détermine l'ordre des matchs et le calendrier, est également déjà décidée. Étant donné que le sort des six têtes de série est fixé, il n'y a finalement que trois chapeaux présentés au tirage dans lesquels sont réparties les dix-huit autres équipes. Le chapeau A comprend les équipes d'Europe de l'Est plus l'Autriche, le Chapeau B contient les quatre équipes d'Europe occidentale restantes ainsi que les deux équipes sud-américaines restantes. Enfin, dans le chapeau C se trouvent les équipes du reste du monde (Amérique centrale, Asie, Afrique et Océanie). Le tirage est émaillé par un incident, lorsque la toute première équipe tirée (Belgique, chapeau B) est placée par erreur dans le groupe I au lieu du III. Le règlement prévoit en effet que les deux premières équipes européennes sortant du tambour B soient affectées dans l'ordre aux groupes III (Argentine) puis VI (Brésil) afin de respecter le critère de répartition géographique. Un deuxième incident survient lorsque la mécanique du tambour A s'enraye au moment d'expulser le mini-ballon de foot contenant le bulletin, la boule se coinçant et s'ouvrant en deux. La FIFA retient la leçon, les tirages suivants n'utiliseront plus de machines mécaniques.

Second tour :
Groupe A :  I  --   III  --   VI
Groupe B :  II  --   IV  --   V
Groupe C :  I  --   III  --   VI
Groupe D :  II  --   IV  --   V

Demi-finales :
A - C
B - D

Premier tour

Groupe I

L'Italie, futur vainqueur, ne gagne aucun match. Elle fait trois matchs nuls, comme le Cameroun, nouveau venu de la compétition, mais le devance au classement car elle a marqué plus de buts; l'Italie se qualifie donc de justesse. La Pologne remporte la seule victoire du groupe contre le Pérou et termine première. La Pologne et l'Italie se retrouveront en demi-finale.

 journée

 journée

 journée

Groupe II

Dans ce groupe 2 l'Algérie, nouvelle venue, crée la surprise en ouverture contre la RFA (2-1). C'est la première fois qu'une équipe africaine bat une équipe européenne. L'Allemagne se ressaisit cependant lors de la deuxième journée en surclassant le Chili (4-1), tandis que dans l'autre match l'Autriche, déjà vainqueur du Chili, bat l'Algérie et prend une option pour la qualification. Il reste la dernière journée à disputer, mais le calendrier aura une incidence sur le scénario. En effet, l'Algérie encore en course pour la qualification, a le désavantage de jouer contre le Chili un jour avant le dernier match : RFA-Autriche. L'Algérie bat le Chili mais sur un score étriqué (3-2). La qualification ou l'élimination de l'Algérie dépendra directement du résultat du match Allemagne-Autriche.

Les calculs sont les suivants : les Allemands doivent impérativement s'imposer pour se qualifier (avec la première place du groupe assurée, quel que soit le score), tandis que l'Autriche peut se permettre une défaite par un ou deux buts d'écart pour également se qualifier en deuxième position grâce à la différence de buts (dans ce cas, les trois équipes se retrouvant avec un total de 4 points). Après une bonne entame de match, les Allemands ouvrent logiquement le score, mais face au manque d'ambition offensive des Autrichiens, plus préoccupés à défendre et semblant accepter déjà la perspective d'une courte défaite synonyme de qualification, les Allemands lèvent le pied, et la rencontre perd rapidement en intensité, sombrant peu à peu dans l'ennui. Les Allemands remportent sans gloire 1-0 un match où les deux équipes se contentèrent de passes inoffensives jusqu'à la fin de la partie. Devant un public médusé, ce spectacle de non-jeu entre deux nations « sœurs » fut retransmis sur les télévisions du monde entier. La polémique fut vive autour de ce « match de la honte ». Le scénario de la rencontre fit prendre conscience à la FIFA du problème posé par les matchs décalés. La FIFA décida qu'à l'avenir les matchs de la dernière journée d'une même poule se joueraient simultanément.

À noter que lors de son dernier match contre le Chili, l'Algérie menait 3-0 à la mi-temps. En maintenant un tel score jusqu'à la fin du match, les Fennecs auraient obtenu la qualification de manière quasi-certaine. En effet, pour que l'Algérie se retrouve éliminée, il aurait fallu que l'Allemagne de l'Ouest battît l'Autriche le lendemain par un but d'écart avec au moins trois buts autrichiens (par exemple : 4 à 3). Mais l'Algérie a encaissé deux buts en seconde mi-temps, frôlant même le match nul en fin de rencontre.

 journée

 journée

 journée

Groupe III

Le champion du monde sortant, l'Argentine, est défait par les Belges 1-0. La Hongrie bat le record de buts inscrits par une seule équipe lors d'un match en battant le Salvador 10-1. La Belgique battra ensuite le Salvador puis fera match nul contre la Hongrie. L'Argentine battra le Salvador et la Hongrie. Résultat : Belges et Argentins se qualifient dans cet ordre.

 journée

 journée

 journée

Groupe IV

L'Angleterre est l'une des deux équipes du mundial 1982 à remporter tous ses matchs du premier tour. Elle bat la France 3-1 (Robson marquant au bout de 27 secondes), la Tchécoslovaquie 2-0 et le Koweït, nouveau venu, 1-0. La France bat le Koweït et fait match nul, non sans frayeur, contre la Tchécoslovaquie pour conserver la deuxième place du groupe et se qualifier. Sa victoire (4-1) contre le Koweït aurait d'ailleurs dû être plus large : un but valable marqué à la  minute est d'abord accordé puis refusé par l'arbitre quelques instants plus tard, sous la pression du président de la fédération koweitienne de football et frère de l'émir du pays, descendu sur la pelouse, à cause d'un coup de sifflet ayant retenti dans les tribunes quelques instants avant le but. À la suite de ce fâcheux incident, le Soviétique Myroslav Stupar, arbitre de cette rencontre, sera radié à vie par la FIFA de toute compétition internationale.

À noter que les seuls buts tchécoslovaques ont été inscrits sur penalty par Antonin Panenka, qui a laissé son nom a une façon très particulière de tirer les penalties (il ne les a cependant pas tirés de cette façon lors de cette compétition).

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Groupe V

Ce groupe voit la première participation de l'Irlande du Nord depuis le quart de finale de 1958. Après deux matchs nuls contre la Yougoslavie et le Honduras (première participation mondiale), l'Irlande du Nord est condamnée à marquer contre l'Espagne lors du dernier match du groupe pour se qualifier (un match nul 2 à 2 ou plus étant suffisant). Les Nord-Irlandais n'inscrivent qu'un seul but mais créent la surprise en s'imposant face au pays organisateur. Cette victoire leur assure la première place du groupe avec 4 points. À égalité de points avec la Yougoslavie, seul adversaire qu'elle a réussi à battre lors de ce mundial, l'Espagne se contente alors de la deuxième place (qualificative) à la faveur du nombre de buts marqués (trois buts, soit un de plus que les Yougoslaves).

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Groupe VI

Le Brésil fait le plein de points en remportant tous ses matchs de belle manière. La rencontre de la dernière journée entre l'URSS (qui a perdu contre le Brésil et gagné contre la Nouvelle-Zélande) et l'Écosse (qui en a fait de même) est décisive pour l'attribution de la deuxième place qualificative. Handicapée par une moins bonne différence de buts que son adversaire soviétique, l'Écosse doit s'imposer pour franchir le cap du premier tour. Le résultat nul sur le score de 2 à 2 fait finalement les affaires de l'URSS qui poursuit sa route dans le tournoi.

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Second tour
Le second tour se déroule également en groupes comme en 1974 et 1978, à la différence qu'il concerne 12 équipes réparties en 4 poules de 3.

Afin de rendre tous les matches décisifs (spécialement le dernier) et d'éviter ainsi qu'avant la dernière journée une équipe soit déjà qualifiée (et donc les deux autres disputant le dernier match déjà éliminées), le règlement prévoit que le perdant de la première rencontre joue dans la foulée le second match (contre l'équipe qui n'a pas encore joué). En cas de match nul en première journée (voir Groupe B, Allemagne-Angleterre), l'ordre des rencontres suit le tableau établi lors du tirage au sort initial.

Cette formule de poules sera abandonnée dès 1986 au profit de matchs à éliminations directes, jugés plus spectaculaires par la FIFA.

Groupe A

Avec deux défaites, la Belgique termine à la dernière place du groupe. La qualification se joue entre la Pologne et l'URSS lors du dernier match qui constitue donc un véritable quart de finale. Le score nul et vierge fait les affaires de la Pologne qui, grâce à une meilleure différence de buts, accède au dernier carré pour la deuxième fois de son histoire (en trois phases finales consécutives).

Groupe B

Incapable de marquer le moindre but lors du second tour (deux scores nuls contre l'Allemagne de l'Ouest et l'Espagne), l'Angleterre sort de la coupe du monde sans perdre de match. Les Espagnols sont éliminés dès la fin de leur premier match de ce second tour par l'Allemagne de l'Ouest, qui remporte à cette occasion la seule victoire de ce groupe B. Les Allemands doivent cependant attendre le résultat de la dernière rencontre entre l'Espagne et l'Angleterre pour être assurés de leur qualification.

Groupe C

C'est la seule poule du second tour qui ne soit pas 100 % européenne. Ayant toutes deux battu l'Argentine, l'Italie et le Brésil se retrouvent lors du dernier match pour ce qui constitue un véritable quart de finale. Grâce à la différence de buts le Brésil peut se contenter d'un match nul, mais à trop vouloir gagner la partie il s'expose et se laisse surprendre par l'Italie, particulièrement efficace en contre (3 buts de Paolo Rossi).

Groupe D

En battant l'Autriche et l'Irlande du Nord, la France se qualifie pour les demi-finales, pour la deuxième fois de son histoire.

Tableau final
Les demi-finales opposent les vainqueurs des groupes A et C d'un côté (Pologne et Italie qui se sont déjà rencontrées au premier tour), et des groupes B et D de l'autre (Allemagne de l'Ouest et France).

Demi-finales
Après un match qui s'était soldé par un 0-0 lors du premier tour, l'Italie et la Pologne se retrouvent en demi-finale. La formation polonaise est affaiblie par la suspension de son leader, Boniek, et l'Italie sort vainqueur par 2 buts à 0.

L'Allemagne de l'Ouest accède à la quatrième finale de son histoire en battant la France aux tirs au but lors d'un match épique qui s'est déroulé à Séville. Les Allemands ouvrent le score par Pierre Littbarski, puis Michel Platini égalise. À la  minute, Schumacher, le gardien allemand, sort au-devant de Patrick Battiston et vient heurter de plein fouet le Français le blessant très gravement. Pourtant bien placé pour voir l'agression, le corps arbitral (Mr Corver et son assistant Mr Geller) reste sans réaction : au lieu de sanctionner Schumacher d'un carton rouge et de siffler un pénalty pour la France, l'arbitre siffle la simple remise en jeu pour la RFA. Cette décision est régulièrement citée comme une des pires décisions arbitrales jamais prises. Le Stéphanois perd trois dents sur le coup. Les Français ne se laissent pas abattre et repartent à l'attaque durant toute la seconde mi-temps. Ils manquent même de peu de se qualifier dans le temps règlementaire, mais le tir de Manuel Amoros à l'ultime minute s'écrase sur la barre transversale. Le score reste donc de parité et entraîne une prolongation. Dès la  minute, Marius Trésor, sur reprise de volée, marque, suivi six minutes plus tard par Alain Giresse d'une frappe à l'extérieur de la surface (). À 3-1 avec vingt minutes à jouer, les spectateurs pensent que les Français tiennent leur finale. Mais Karl-Heinz Rummenigge, annoncé comme blessé au début du match et qui venait d'entrer sur le terrain, réduit immédiatement l'écart (). L'action du but est précédée de deux fautes allemandes non sifflées alors que s'amorce la contre-attaque décisive dans le camp allemand. Dès lors le match est relancé, les Allemands poussent et Klaus Fischer, d'un somptueux retourné acrobatique, égalise (). Plus rien ne sera marqué. Au bout de 120 minutes, le score est de 3-3, et la première séance de tirs au but de l'histoire de la Coupe du monde voit la qualification allemande après le tir raté de Maxime Bossis. Ce dernier décidera de ne plus jamais tirer un penalty pour la suite de sa carrière. Ce match restera dans les annales pour son dénouement spectaculaire, tant du côté français que du côté allemand.

Match pour la troisième place
La Pologne réédite sa performance de 1974 en battant la France et en arrachant la troisième place. Les Français, eux, terminent quatrièmes de ce qui fut un excellent mondial pour l'équipe de France. Malgré la défaite, ce match permet à la France de battre un record, celui du plus grand nombre de buteurs différents pour une équipe dans une seule et même phase finale de Coupe du monde : dix avec Soler, Genghini, Platini, Six, Bossis, Giresse, Rocheteau, Trésor, Girard et Couriol. Ce record sera égalé en 2006 par les Italiens puis en 2018 par les Belges.

Finale

L'Italie bat l'Allemagne de l'Ouest par le score de 3 buts à 1 lors de la finale. C'est la première victoire italienne en Coupe du monde depuis 44 ans.

Les 22 champions du monde
Voir l'article équipe d'Italie de football à la coupe du monde 1982

Récompenses individuelles

Meilleurs buteurs

6 buts
  Paolo Rossi  (soulier d'or)

5 buts
  Karl-Heinz Rummenigge

4 buts
  Zico
  Zbigniew Boniek

Ballon d'or du meilleur joueur
  Paolo Rossi

Meilleur jeune joueur
  Manuel Amoros

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Voir aussi

Bibliographie
 .
.

Liens externes
 http://www.saphirnews.com/Allemagne-Autriche-le-match-scandaleux-du-mondial-1982_a3747.html

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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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UbuWeb | UbuWeb Papers
Concrete Poetry (1956)
Eugen Gomringer, Switzerland
from Concrete Poetry: A World View, (1968, Indiana University Press)
Language structures in concrete poetry differ in several respects from poems and texts which appear in the flow of literary production in our time.
The visual aspect. Concrete language structures either do not follow the traditional verse and line order or they follow it in such a limited way that one is not reminded of traditional forms (this refers only, to poetry). Longer texts preferably retain the traditional readable forms of presentation. Looking at them one can talk about the accumulation, distribution, analysis, synthesis and arrangement of linguistic signs, of letters and of words. The conventional distribution of these signs is taken into account as one possibility among others, but it is not accepted or used without being challenged. With most structures the distribution of signs follows an inherent law, and certain systems can evolve therefrom. This is a matter of bare linguistic structure, and the visible form of concrete poetry is identical to it structure, as is the case with architecture.
Let us, however, speak of content. The question of content is for the concrete poet strongly related to the question of attitudes toward life in which art is effectively incorporated. If the poet's attitudes are positive and synthetically rationalistic, his poetry will be so. It will not serve as a valve for the release of all sorts of emotions and ideas but will consist of a linguistic structure closely related to the tasks of modern communication, which are influenced by the sciences and by sociological factors. Content is, then, only interesting for the concrete poet if its spiritual and material structure prove to be interesting and can be handled as language.
Information and communication. Concrete language structures are partly unreflected, partly reflected information. They are unreflected when their pictorial sign-character is at the same time a signal which is like a command-followed by a predominately sensory reaction. They are reflected (or aesthetic) information when they are presented as sign schemes. In both cases the poet tries to use the concrete language structure as information conveyed in concise unveiled form. For reasons of communication. Because the basis of good linguistic communication consists of analogous thought structure-or to use behaviorist terminology: analogous pattern structure-as well as of analogous material (sign) structure by way of the open visible presentation of a structure and often psychologically motivated reduction to relatively few signs (or signals). Concrete poem structures can serve to unite various kinds of language, concepts of language and the body of existing signs. They can, or instance, unite the view of the world expressed in the mother tongue with physical reality. Concrete poetry is founded upon the contemporary scientific -technical view of the world and will conic into its own in the synthetic-rationalistic world of tomorrow. If concrete poetry is still considered strange (aesthetically meager or overly-simplified) this is probably due to a lack of insight into the new directions in which our society is developing in thought and action, which in essence contain a new total view of the world.
International-supra national. It is a significant characteristic of the existential necessity of concrete poetry that creations such as those brought together in this volume began to appear almost simultaneously in Europe and South America and that the attitude which made the creation and defense of such structures possible manifested itself here as it did there.
I am therefore convinced that concrete poetry is in the process of realizing the idea of a universal poetry. The time has therefore probably, come for a thorough revision of concepts, knowledge, faith and lack of faith in poetics, if poetry is to exist in earnest and positively in modern society. Unfortunately one can still notice that even intelligent people pretend that they are more naive than they really are as soon as they appear as poets or conic into contact with poetry. As if one would have to speak naively about fundamental questions.
The main languages in this book are German and English. But this should not be considered a final choice of preferred languages. Besides these Spanish and French are also used. This intentional polyglotisim shall bring some living languages into contact with each other as at a party, for instance, or on a flight people from different backgrounds, abilities, and languages as well as outward appearances can be observed. Therefore we also take into consideration modern dialect poetry knowing that dialects represent the linguistic storehouse out of which individual forms and fundamental linguistic experience can be won.
Translated by lrène Montjoye Sinor, Mary Ellen Solt


text:
Save $200 on the VR-ready Alienware 15 gaming laptop, on sale at Best Buy
Stop looking at potato graphics.
By Kevin Billings on November 12, 2018
Credit: Dell
> Tech > Laptops > Gaming Laptops
As a gamer myself, I know we can be a demanding bunch. But are clear graphics really too much to ask for? Do you think we enjoy playing games on laptops that make everyone look like potatoes? (Yes, that's a thing(Opens in a new window).)
Considering the glut of games that have already come out this fall, like Call of Duty: Black Ops 4 and Assassin's Creed Odyssey, a new laptop is a necessity to enjoy them on the go. Luckily, the holiday season also means the best gaming deals of the year are here.
The Alienware 15 R3(Opens in a new window)(opens in a new tab) is available at Best Buy for $1,599.99, which is $200 down from the original price of $1799.99.
Under the hood, the Alienware 15(Opens in a new window)(opens in a new tab) comes packing an Intel Core i7-7700HQ processor, 16GB of RAM, and 128GB SSD. These will help limit load times heading into games that could be painfully slow on other computers and, sometimes, consoles. And with a 1TB HDD, you shouldn't have to worry about storage space for a bit.
But all that would be a moot point if the graphics card doesn't deliver. Lucky for you though, it does. You'll get the NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1070, ideal for a laptop like this. This can handle most of those demanding needs for games like Battlefield V which, as any gamer will tell you, needs some serious power to run on its best settings.
As an added bonus, the 15(Opens in a new window)(opens in a new tab) is VR-ready. Considering there are some laptops pushing $4,000 that aren't VR capable, this says a lot about Alienware. Snag the deal below while you can.
Alienware 15 R3 gaming laptop — $1,599.99 (opens in a new tab) (Opens in a new window)


This property has been renovated with new Kitchen Cupboards, Geyser, water pipes, and paint.
It has 3 big Bedrooms with wooden floors and two rooms has BIC. Tiles through the rest of the house. Very big yard. Single Garage and outbuildings.


text:
North Pole Bananas
A blog about Australian Trade Marks Law
What is a trade mark?
Defined terms in the TMA
Grounds for rejecting an application
Grounds of opposition
Removal for non-use
Ben Gardiner is an Australian barrister who specialises in intellectual property law.
Clerk: Jane King
List G Barristers
Authorised Use Case Notes Classic Cases Damages Deceptively similar? Evidence Federal Court procedure Honest concurrent use Non-use Own name defence Passing Off s 41 TMA - adapted to distinguish? s 44 TMA s 60 TM101 Trade Marks Office procedure Trade practices Uncategorized
North Pole Bananas website by Ben Gardiner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Permalink Reply
Colours (including single colours) used in relation to goods/services are registrable as trade marks and there are many colour marks on the Register. Section 6 of the Act provides the definition of a sign:
sign includes the following or any combination of the following, namely, any letter, word, name, signature, numeral, device, brand, heading, label, ticket, aspect of packaging, shape, colour, sound or scent.
The assessment of a colour trade mark under section 41 is no different from the assessment of any other trade mark: Kenman Kandy Australia Pty Ltd v Registrar of Trade Marks (2002) 122 FCR 494 at [146] per Stone J.
In BP p.l.c. v Woolworths Limited (2004) 212 ALR 79, Finkelstein J found (at first instance) that three applications for "the colour green" (being trade mark nos. 559837, 559838 and 559839) were not inherently distinctive and further commented that single colour trade marks could never be inherently distinctive, but could only be protected by evidence of acquired distinctiveness. He then stated (at [23]-[24]), specifically in relation to the colour green, that:
Whichever test is applied the colour green (in the particular shade shown on the applications) is not inherently distinctive of BP's goods and services. Applying the negative test, green is not inherently distinctive because, as I will soon show, it is a colour used quite innocently by other owners and operators of service stations. The colour is not inherently distinctive according to the positive test because the colour is simply descriptive. The marks will only be distinctive of them if, by the filing date of each application, the colour had acquired a secondary meaning.
Most objects have to be some colour. So merely applying a colour to a product will not act as an identifier for that product. In deciding whether colour functions as a trade mark it is necessary to determine whether the trader has used the colour in a way that informs the public that the product emanates from a particular source. Put another way, colour must be used to distinguish products and not as mere ornamentation or decoration.
The Full Court overturned Finkelstein J's decision in relation to whether the Applicant's evidence was sufficient to distinguish the Applicant's goods and services under section 41(6) but it was accepted on the appeal that the mark had no inherent capacity to distinguish. The only issue (and the issue on which the appellant was successful) was whether its use of the mark was sufficient to prove distinctiveness in fact as at the priority date.
Some recent decision in which colours (per se) or words for colours have been rejected for being incapable of distinguishing the applicant's goods or services include:
YELLOW in respect of a broad range of goods and services including print and online telephone directories: Phone Directories Company Australia Pty Ltd v Telstra Corporation Limited (2014) 106 IPR 281; upheld on appeal Telstra Corporation Limited v Phone Directories Company [2015] FCAFC 156.
RED in respect of printed matter, newspapers, magazines etc: Major League Baseball Properties Inc v The National Magazine Company Ltd [2015] ATMO 35.
in respect of fuels, vehicle service stations etc, take away food services: BP p.l.c [2014] ATMO 59.
in respect of pharmacy retail and wholesale services: Discount Drug Stores Pty Ltd [2014] ATMO 66. (This mark was considered to be somewhat, but not sufficiently, inherently adapted to distinguish. Insufficient evidence of use.)
This decision of the delegate was set aside by the Court following agreement between the parties: Discount Drug Stores Pty Ltd v Registrar of Trade Marks [2015] FCA 1159.
Similarly, in Grove Fruit Juices Pty Ltd [2011] ATMO 1, an application for a trade mark consisting of "the WHITE COLOUR of the bottle in which the goods are sold" was rejected as being incapable of distinguishing.
And, a trade mark consisting of green striplight (neon, LED or similar) affixed to the edge of the canopy over the petrol pumps at vehicle service stations (in respect of fuels, retail of fuels, vehicle refuelling etc, take away food services etc) as shown below was rejected in Woolworths Limited v BP p.l.c. [2013] ATMO 61.


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Last month, Mushi announced that he will be taking a break from the competitive scene due to health issues. In a recent update post, Mushi has talked about his participation in the upcoming ESL One Manila LAN finals.
As of writing, Mushi has not joined Fnatic in official matches for about two and a half weeks. Granted that his participation at the ESL One Manila LAN event, which starts on the 22nd of April is tentative, it is likely he will continue resting in the weeks to come.
In Mushi's absence, Fnatic's official stand-in, Adam '343-Flyy' Shah, has been playing, and despite losing their star player, Fnatic is still dominating the SEA scene, winning both the Epicenter SEA qualifier and the ESL One Manila SEA qualifier. In addition, the team has managed to keep their current 23 win streak going. Fnatic's next official match will be against Mugys in the BTS Series SEA #4 tournament.
I think Fnatic is not ready to face tier 1 teams with net as their carry. he keeps getting carried by his team mates.
ESL isn't really a big deal. He may be sick but he can still watch games and analyze from home. As long as they're prepped up for TI6, it's good enough.


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Home Opinion	Ibrahim Agboola Gambari: A Presidential babysitter who won't be as powerful as Abba Kyari
Ibrahim Agboola Gambari: A Presidential babysitter who won't be as powerful as Abba Kyari
written by Admin May 14, 2020
By Farooq Kperogi
On paper, Professor Ibrahim Agboola Gambari's choice as Buhari's Chief of Staff is so far the regime's most luminous appointment. Gambari is undoubtedly one of Nigeria's most credentialed and globally visible citizens for whom the position of Chief of Staff to the President is actually a positional, even symbolic, downgrade.
Ordinarily, the office of the Chief of Staff to the President is informal, discretionary, and of no consequence. Its inconsequence is underscored by the fact that the constitution does no recognize it and does not require the president to appoint anyone to perform its duties. That was why Umar Musa Yar'adua didn't have one.
The only reason the position of CoS to the President has become uncharacteristically visible in the last five years is that Buhari is both too cognitively incapacitated and too splendidly incompetent to function as president, so he needs a proxy or, as I pointed out in my April 22 status update, "a babysitter, a political and intellectual babysitter."
As a military dictator, Tunde Idiagbon was Buhari's political babysitter from 1983 to 1985. The late Salihijo Ahmad's Afri-Projects Consortium (APC), was "the sole manager of the PTF projects," according to Ray Ekpu's June 5, 2018 article titled, "Petroleum Trust Fraud." In other words, Buhari couldn't even manage a government agency as small as the PTF without needing babysitting. Of course, most people know that since 2015 until his death, Abba Kyari was Buhari's proxy.
Mamman Daura, on whom Buhari is intellectually and emotionally dependent, "created" Abba Kyari for Buhari but Kyari later grew into a Frankenstein that almost devoured his "creator." Daura wants no repeat of that and sees a potentially dutiful factotum in Gambari who was Buhari's external affairs minister from 1984 to 1985.
He seems like a person who would do a good job of concealing Buhari's cognitive and mental infirmities from the public and from government officials, which is what the position of CoS to Buhari has now been reduced to.
Although Gambari has intimidatingly impressive academic and professional credentials, he has no reputation for lofty, high-minded principles, which explains why he would even accept this position, which relegates rather than elevates him.
He defended IBB's ruinous invalidation of the June 12 presidential election, justified Abacha's heartrending judicial murder of Ken Saro-Wiwa and other Ogoni activists, and, according to the New York Times of Oct. 5, 1997, opposed something as innocuous as a planned renaming of a New York street after the late Kudirat Abiola who was murdered in cold blood by Abacha's junta, which Gambari served.
He also evinces what I call the overzealousness of the identitarian periphery, by which I mean people who are on the margins of a desired identity tend to go overboard to assert their membership of that identity in order to impress people who are rhetorically constituted as the core of that identity.
Gambari is an Ilorin prince, but his middle name (and the name by which his close family members call him) is Agboola. "Ibrahim" is just for show. Although he traces patrilineal descent from the Fulani, he is culturally (and obviously genetically) Yoruba and doesn't look anything like a Fulani man, yet Yoruba people won't accept him as one of them.
He's on the geographic, symbolic, and cultural fringes of western and northern Nigerian identities, but he identifies as, and indeed is, a northerner. People who know him say he works excessively, if quietly, hard to prove his "northernness" through exaggerated subnationalist gamesmanship of the kind that someone from Kano or Sokoto with a similar educational and experiential exposure as he would find a little too extreme.
People like that are often happy and willing tools of puppeteers who come from the identity they want to be seen as central to but to which they are marginal. My sense is that he won't be nearly as powerful and as influential as Abba Kyari was for as long as Mamman Daura is alive.
The only silver lining I see is that he probably won't be as lazy as Abba Kyari was. Kyari was an indolent, self-absorbed presidential gatekeeper who allowed files that required urgent presidential attention to gather dust and who attended only to issues that feathered his nest.
I hope Gambari would at least bring his considerable experience to help lubricate the rusty wheels of governance even while doing the bidding of his benefactor(s).
Muhammadu BuhariNigeriaProfessor Farooq KperogiProfessor Ibrahim Agboola Gambari
Between The Cultured and The Uncultured
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Bringing the total to five.
Tainted lettuce may be off store shelves, but the ramifications of the nationwide romaine E. coli outbreak aren't over yet.
Four more deaths have been reported in connection with the outbreak, according to a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) update released Friday. Two people from Minnesota, one person from Arkansas and one person from New York have died, according to the update. The first death associated with the outbreak, a person in California, was reported in early May.
Twenty-five more illnesses have also been reported since the CDC's last update, bringing the total to 197 people sickened in 35 states. Nearly half of those who got sick have been hospitalized, and 26 developed a type of kidney failure called hemolytic uremic syndrome. Those rates are unusually high for E. coli, a bacterial infection that typically results in gastrointestinal distress that clears within about a week.
The CDC stresses, however, that most of the newly reported cases involve people who fell ill two to three weeks ago, when contaminated lettuce from the Yuma, Ariz., area was still available to consumers. (Some people also got sick after "close contact" with an infected individual.) Yuma's harvest season is now over and lettuce previously harvested from that area is now past its shelf life, so contaminated romaine is likely no longer available in grocery stores or restaurants, the CDC says.


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Q: Macchanger returns error in the terminal I am using Ubuntu 18.04 bionic. When I try to change my mac address using the macchanger on the terminal I get this error message:
[ERROR] Could not change MAC: interface up or insufficient permissions: Operation not permitted

How can I solve this?

A: "Insufficient permissions" usually means you need to have root privileges. Try using sudo, e.g. sudo macchanger <arguments>.
If that doesn't work probably the other cause is true: "interface up". You have to turn the interface off before changing the MAC address. You can do it with ifconfig <interface name> down, e.g. ifconfig wlan0 down. Then change the mac address. But after that remember to turn the interface on again with ifconfig <interface name> up.

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text:
Only government can break the spell of woke activists in our universities - by Eric Kaufmann
Professor Kaufmann begins his article with the following words: "Today is a historic moment in the struggle for freedom of expression. The Government has published a white paper on higher education that explicitly prioritises academic freedom over "emotional safety".
Professor Kaufmann charts the alarming growth of the 'cancel culture' from its origins in the United States to the university campuses here in the UK which threatens to imperil our basic freedoms and can no longer be ignored:
"Whether expressive freedom will continue to be the dominant feature of our society, or speech is to be censored when it runs afoul of "emotional safety" – a subjective mind-state highly susceptible to ideological manipulation – will be a defining question of our age. While most of those over 40 prioritise liberty over hurt feelings, younger generations are more divided, and the survival of a long English tradition of free expression cannot be taken for granted. The Government needed to take a stand, and should be congratulated for doing so."
The full article is enclosed below with a link to the original beneath it.
Article for the Telegraph by Professor E
As an addendum to the above, we enclose a statement by the Secretary of State for Education which outlines the legislation discussed above.
Article for the Telegraph by Gavin Willi


A very fast paced anime, based on a Korean light-novel with the protagonist, Yei Qiu being the best in an online MMO called Glory. He is forced to leave his team by the manager and is forced to retire from playing professional for a year after giving up his character. Not having any screen presence nobody knows the true face behind the character, One Autumn Leaf. He then works as a cafe admin when a new Glory server is released where he begins to break all the records on the new server. He then turns to rejoining the big leagues after a year with a new team with his old friend su Mucheng.


FTA's ongoing efforts are organized and categorized into the divisions and programs on this page. Each division or program communicates with relevant stakeholders via the information posted to this site and with conversations posted to related E-Lists (formerly known as Listservs).
For more information on a division or program, simply click its name.
If you are a FTA member, you can log-in and access additional information about each division and program, as well as control your E-List memberships.