text:
"Be Good: or ---"
by T. G. Rooper, H.M.I.
Volume 1, 1890/91, pg. 423
Nursery Ethics
Winter was drawing off. All life that had survived felt the genial influence of returning spring and the sun's warmer rays. Buds were swelling, birds were building, and boys and girls were as lively as lambs. What a place to play in is a great barn! High above the floor, up in the rafters, my father had erected a stage to carry his hay. My brothers loved to climb up in order to plunge down from that height headlong into the straw below. This game was at its height. We had no thought of yesterday or the morrow. For us time past and time to come were condensed into one Now. Though only four years old I was playing with the rest. I too climbed up the tall ladder, sat myself astride of a sheaf of straw, and proceeded to ride to the bottom. "Stop," cried my eldest brother, "or you will kill yourself." Too late! I had started! Now my brothers had a knack of guiding their straw horses which was quite beyond my tender years. During the plunge they could by a little management steer themselves clear of the edge of a sheep-pen which projected a little in their course. But I! A crack! A cry! The straw flew one way and the rider the other thump on to the solid floor! For a moment my brothers stood silent and aghast. Then they called to me "Get up," "Speak." All in vain. I neither moved nor opened my eyes. "Ah, see, he is bleeding," they cry. One of them called loudly to my grandfather and father who were working near. They hurried up and found me lying where I fell, with blood pouring from my chin, and my cheeks as white as chalk. My grandfather picked me up. I hung over his arm lifeless and limp as an old coat. He carried me to my mother, and long I lay motionless in her lap, while my father bathed the gapping wound on my chin. At last, to the joy of the sympathising neighbours who crowded round, I sighed and opened my eyes. "Thank God," said my mother, "he lives." As soon as the wound had been properly bound up my grandfather continued to ply his work. From amidst swathes of bandages I looked up at him brightly from time to time. Presently he rose, went to the cupboard, got out a cane, and handed it to my father, saying--"Your boy has been disobedient, punish him." My father looked at my mother. "Are you mad?" said she. "Is not that punishment enough?" and she pointed to my chin. "No," returned he, "for that he only gets pity from all, and is made a hero by his comrades, whilst you fuss with him and smother him with kisses. Pretty punishment that! You will only make him disobedient again at the first opportunity." "Give him to me," said my father. "Better a dead son than a disobedient child." Three times the cane whistled in the air and three times I groaned aloud, after which I was handed back to my mother.--(Adapted from "Brosamen,"by Polack.)
This graphic description of a fault and its punishment almost forces us to form some estimate of the stern old grandfather's procedure. Are we to approve it? Are we to condemn it as a piece of sheer brutality? At any rate he was possessed of a principle which he carried out logically. Obedience implicit and absolute, or punishment; there was to be no other alternative and no compromise. What was wrong must be checked by the extreme penalty of nursery law. The spirit is the same as that which has led theologians in many religious crises to burn each other, destroying as they said the body to save the soul. The principle is not without a certain grandeur. Strong measures are justified if you combine the text "Ye that love the Lord hate the thing which is evil," with that definition of hatred which is implied in Shylock's remark, "Hates any man the thing he would not kill?" Before condemning such a discipline we should inquire what is the actual result of it as proved by experience. Tested in this way the issue of it is found to be far from uniform. The consequences are not constantly either good or bad, but sometimes one and sometimes the other. They are bad when the child grows up sullen and morose through his animal spirits having been whipped out of him, and when he retains in his heart a bitter feeling of resentment against unjust treatment, thinking that his punishments have been out of proportion to his offences. Perhaps the most difficult character to deal with is one which is sullen, obstinate, apathetic, hostile alike to teachers and all grown-up people. "If a man's parents play the dog with him, look you, it goes hard," as Launce might say. Severe discipline in childhood is often followed by a most undisciplined maturity. As Hood wittily put it: "Fast bind, fast find." It is possible to explain this transformation after a little study of the nature of the mind and the will. We start with the principle of the parent that he will have implicit obedience from his children. If we think what this means, it amounts to this--that the parent decides (perhaps quite unconsciously--nevertheless, he does decide) that he will impress his own will upon his child, and that he will repress all spontaneous movement of the child's own will. What the parent will, that the child must do. Should the child follow his own will he is so often and so severely punished that he begins to think he can never act of his own accord without doing something wrong. This loss of spontaneity is a great misfortune. Another doubt might occur--"Who is so perfect himself that he has the certainty that his own will is always the most correct, and the best for childhood to act upon?" However, assuming that the parents' behests are always in the child's interest, and that there is no shadow of an objection to the rigour of the law on the score of its imperfection, let us trace the result of repressive discipline a little further. The child is told "You must not do this and you must not do that" until he ceases to act according to principles of his own, and refers all his action to his parents' dictates. In other words, he substitutes the will of some one else for a will of his own. This child is the perfection of obedience. Time goes by. The boy becomes a youth, and passes away from the direct superintendence of his father, under whose immediate influence he has hitherto acted so obediently. New circumstances and new conditions of life are opened before him. He has many new opportunities of choosing between right and wrong. What power of will has he to determine his conduct rightly?
I contend that he has little or no power of self-determination. Since the will according to which he has acted has hitherto been external to himself and inflicted upon him, if I may so say, by another, and since his will has not been patiently trained and guided but rather replaced by his father's will, the result is that he is now passive in the midst of his new surroundings. He has got into the habit of referring each action to some one else's will, and he cannot determine a course of action without such reference. In his altered state of life the recollected judgments of his parents partly grow dim and partly fail to apply. He is therefore really without moral support. His will is determined by the seductive pleasures which beset inexperienced youth, and the most strictly disciplined boyhood is followed to the surprise of all by a self-indulgent adolescence. That harsh discipline in childhood has occasionally led to the formation of a noble character no one can doubt. Its success, however, when it has been successful, has perhaps been much due to the revolt which has been set up in the mind of the person trained under it, a revolt which has stimulated a strong feeling of sympathy with suffering and oppression, but the risk of failure seems greater than the chance of success.
Boys are not the only disobedient children. Here is a scene between a disobedient girl and her mother.
"Oh, ma'am, I'm so glad that you're here," exclaimed Mary. "Miss Zaida threw the bread at me because I had not buttered it to her liking, and when I went to turn her chair round, as a punishment, she flew at me and bit my hand." Alas! there was distinctly to be seen the mark of the little teeth in the flesh. Zaida had been as naughty as a girl of four years old can be.
"Zaida," said I, "you are not acting like my own little Zaida. Go instantly and beg Mary's pardon."
"I won't. I never will," cried the child, stamping with passion.
"Then go into the corner this moment."
The child reluctantly obeyed. I wished to give her time to rcover herself, and so waited some minutes before saying, "Will Zaida be good now and ask nurse to forgive her?"
"I won't. I won't," muttered the child.
I went up to her; I reasoned with her; I tried to work on her better feelings; I spoke of God's displeasure, of my sorrow, of mary's pain. All in vain. One way alone remained. "Zaida," I said, "it grieves me to punish you, but if you do not obey me instantly I will beat you."
In her pride the child looked defiance.
Then I whipped her. She screamed with pain and passion. "Will you now ask Mary's forgiveness for so cruelly biting her?"
No, the little rebel still held out.
I felt that the child's whole future might depend on the issue of this conflict with her mother, and I dared not yield.
The painful battle lasted three-quarters of an hour.
"Zaida, I will not leave this room until you have asked Mary's pardon. I will beat you till you do." A second time I beat her, and then, thank God, her proud spirit was broken at last.
"Mamma, I am sorry; I will beg pardon."
I was thankful that I had remained firm, painful as it was to me to do so, but I had avoided Eli's sin with the risk of Eli's fate. (Adapted from "Zaida," by A.L.O.E.)
What shall we say of the treatment of this little rebel? The mother was right in thinking that her success was necessary to the child's happiness, and a good sound whipping was far better than an uncorrected fault. I question, however, whether the naughty child was dealt with in the best possible way. Would not many parents have succeeded by reasoning and persuasion, after leaving longer time for the child's ill-temper to pass away. The child had two faults at the same time, passionate anger and obstinate disobedience. The attempt to correct both at once was injudicious. The ill-temper, which may have been due to indigestion, would have passed off the next day, and then the girl might have understood the wickedness of biting her nurse, without blows to explain it.
As a relief from the stormy scenes to which I have introduced you, I will turn to a poet's description of a disobedient boy, which may restore a feeling of repose.
My little son, who looked from thoughtful eyes,
And moved and spoke in quiet grown-up wise,
Having my law the seventh time disobeyed,
I struck him and dismissed
With hard words and unkissed,
His mother, who was patient, being dead.
Then fearing lest his grief should hinder sleep
I visited his bed,
But found him slumbering deep
With darkened eyelids, and their lashes yet
From his late sobbing wet,
And I with moan,
Kissing away his tears, left others of my own.
For on a table drawn beside his head
He had put within his reach
A box of counters and a red-veined stone,
A piece of glass, abraided by ththe beach,
And six or seven shells,
A bottle with bluebells,
And two French copper coins ranged there with careful art
To comfort his sad heart.
So, when that night I prayed
To God, I wept and said,
Ah, when at last we lie with tranced breath
Not vexing Thee in death,
And Thou rememberest of what toys
We made our joys,
How weakly understood
The great commanded good--
Then, fatherly, not less
Than I, whom Thou hast moulded from the clay,
Thou'lt leave Thy wrath, and say
I will be sorry for their childishness.
(From C. PATMORE)
To avoid the need of whipping much tact, diplomacy, and watchfulness are indispensable. This skill is perhaps best shown in seizing upon accidental opportunities for moulding children's characters. The readiness that comes of observation and forethought is excellently displayed in the following scene. (Mrs. Warren's "How I Educated my Children.")
Once upon a time I overheard a conversation between my children relating to my wisdom.
"Mamma knows everything," said Alice; "she always knows when I am going to tell a story, and I shall never tell her another."
"How can mamma know everything?" asked sturdy Dick; "she can't tell what I am doing now."
Unseen I took a view of what Master Richard was about. He was deliberately notching the garden seat with a knife taken out of the kitchen. Soon after I came downstairs to give the children some fruit. When all had received some but Richard, I called him to me. He seemed instinctively to feel that something unpleasant was going to happen to him. "Do you think you deserve any fruit, Richard? I do not think you have obeyed papa, who told you never to cut the garden seat. I cannot reward you now. You have taken a knife from the kitchen, and injured the garden seat." "But, mamma, how did you know?" he sobbed, his curiosity getting the better of his vexation and disgrace. "That, my boy, I shall not tell you. I know it, and be sure that god sees, hears, and knows of every act of yours, good or bad. Do you think you are honouring God when you dishonour your parents?"
"But it was only notching a chair, mamma."
"Only being disobedient, Richard. When God placed Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden, He told them not to eat of the fruit of a certain tree. Do you recollect?"
"Yes, mamma."
"Then it was not the act of eating the fruit by our first parents, nor the act of cutting the chair by you, which makes the sin, but the disobedience of the act. During your lifetime, my darling child, if you disobey God's command, you will find that some punishment will follow."
Here the little fellow slipped his hand in mine, and laid his face in my lap, sobbing, while the rest looked on awe-stricken.
"I will never do so any more, mamma. Do, mamma, forgive me."
"I do forgive you, my boy, but you have sinned against God. His forgiveness you must ask as well as mine. Come with me and let us pray to God alone together that God will pardon my Richard's disobedience." When we were alone, in the quietness of my room, the little fellow knelt, put up his hands, and said:--
"What must I say, mamma?"
"Repeat after me: 'O Lord, I pray to be forgiven for my disobedience to my parents, for the Saviour's sake, who, while on earth, took up little children in His arms and blessed them.'" I rested my lips a moment on his soft warm forehead, and said "Amen."
As a contrast to the Biblical method of treating a moral question which I have just described, permit me to bring under your notice a more systematic attempt to give moral instruction, which I extract from the life of Mr. Ellis. Mr. Ellis was catechising some school children as to what they would do in a workshop if their master or overlooker left them to themselves. Would they shirk their work? A sharp lad answered "Shirk my work, of course." The following dialogue thereupon ensued, in which Mr. Ellis inculcates with great skill the need for honest conduct.
"Can your master's eye be always upon you when you are working for the wages which he has agreed to pay you?"
"Will you be able if you like occasionally to shirk your work?"
"Should such a chance occur what would you do?"
"Shirk it."
"If you shirked your work once would you be more or less ready to do it again?"
"More."
"The more you shirked your work would you become the better or the worse workman?"
"The worse."
"When your master finds you idle and incompetent, What will he do?"
"Dismiss me or reduce my wages."
"If he dismisses you can you get as good a place?"
"No, for he will not give me a character. A good master will require a character. A bad one will be sharp enough to find out my worth and pay me accordingly."
"When, then, you fall into poverty in consequence of idle habits, will you think still that it was a good think to shirk work and form bad habits which at last get the mastery over you?"
"Where opportunities of shirking work occur what is best to do?"
"To avoid them."
"Honesty is the best policy." Such is the lesson conveyed with great skill in the above dialogue. Such instruction reduces moral conduct to a calculation, and the virtue that ensues is open to Satan's taunt. "Doth Job fear God for naught?" The mother whose Biblical teaching I have described, instilled into the mind of her babies quite a different conception of right conduct, the conception, namely, of a Perfect Being, surveying our acts and weighing them, which is more stimulating than the calculation as to whether one course of action pays better in the end than another.
A clergyman, who was manager of a school, once wrote to ask me to recommend him a good book on the teaching of elementary morality, and when I replied that I knew none better than the Bible, he was disappointed, because he wanted the subject treated in a systematic way. The code of nursery morals comprises obedience, truthfulness, courtesy, modesty, quietness, cleanliness, diligence, unselfishness, serviceableness, and a few other virtues. Do we need a book entitled "A system of nursery ethics for use in nurseries, schools, and other places where they whip children"? To my thinking the answer is "No." Children should be taught right conduct through concrete instances, and if they are properly and carefully brought up, with due attention to the need of mixing in the society of other children of their own age, if their faults are carefully traced to their sources--ignorance, thoughtlessness, indigestion, weariness, provocation, deliberate choice of evil--and dealt with accordingly, there are no principles that cannot be instilled into them in connection with actual incidents and occasions. Christian behaviour seems to depend much more upon the conduct of a Person than upon a system of morals, and therefore the child must learn from the personal goodness of others rather than from a treatise on elementary ethics.
While I have been passing by degrees from methods of correction by force to methods or correction by reason and persuasion, I have entered a protest against to much system. In Sans Famille there is an excellent example of the way in which a child may be helped in a difficulty with his lessons by sympathy and judgment, so as to save the need for resorting to corporal punishment or associating learning with whipping.
Placing her delicate boy in the shade and herself by his side, Mrs. Milligan told him that before going to play he must do his work. What work, I wondered, could this poor sickly cripple have to do. I noticed that his mother began to hear him recite a lesson which she followed from an open book. Arthur tried to recite, but could not say three consecutive words correctly. At first his mother reproved him gently, but presently with greater firmness.
"You have not learnt your task; you say it worse to-day than yesterday."
"I do try to learn it, but I can't."
"I can't; I am ill."
"There is nothing the matter with your head. I cannot have you grow up in ignorance because your body is weak."
The boy began to cry, but his mother remained unmoved by his tears.
"You cannot play today until you have learnt your lesson."
Then she left him sobbing bitterly. I thought her harsh for leaving the poor little cripple without a word of comfort. However, she returned in a moment and said: "Shall we try to learn it together?"
The boy's eyes brightened. The task was the story of the Wolf and the Lamb. She began to read it slowly out loud, while Arthur repeated the words after. This was done three times, and then she left him to learn it alone. The boy made a few brief efforts, but all in vain, and he soon abandoned the task again in despair. Then I offered to help him.
"What is the story about?" said I.
"A lamb."
"Think then of lambs. What are they doing?"
"They are safe in a field."
"Think to yourself 'I see them before me sleeping because they are safe.' That is easy to keep in mind."
"What is it that guards the flock?"
"Dogs."
"When the flocks are safe the dogs can do what?"
"Sleep."
"Besides dogs what other guardians have sheep?"
"Shepherds."
"When the sheep are safe, what can the shepherds do to pass their time?"
"Play on the flute."
"Can you picture the scene?"
"Yes, the shepherd lies in the shade of an elm tree."
"Is he alone?"
"No, other shepherds are with him."
"Now, there you see in your mind the field, the sheep, the dog asleep, and the shepherds piping. Can you not repeat the first verse of the poem?"
"Try."
He tried; and to his surprise recited the first verse quite correctly.
"Will you continue your task?"
"Yes, if you will continue your help."
He completed his task in a quarter of an hour, and repeated the poem to his mother without a mistake.
"Bother words, mamma. Jack has taught me to think of things. I see all the scene in my mind's eye, and then the words take care of themselves."
Intelligent help like this is a very true substitute for the lash, and justifies the statement that for every blow the teacher gives he deserves to receive two for himself.
One of the most appropriate cases for the use of corporal punishment, so it may be thought, is when a child develops a spirit of great cruelty. Let us consider the following incidents which are narrated in "Agnes Grey." The scene is described by a young governess.
I observed on the grass about the little boy's garden certain apparatus of sticks and cord, and asked what they were.
"Traps for birds."
"And what do you do with them when you catch them?"
"Different things. Sometimes I give them to the cat. Sometimes I cut them in pieces; but the next I mean to roast alive."
"Tom, you have heard where wicked people go when they die? You will have to go there and suffer as you made the poor bird suffer."
"Oh, pooh! I shan't, papa knows how I treat them, and he never blames me for it. He says it is just what he used to do when he was a boy."
"But your mamma: what does she say?"
"She says it is a pity to kill the pretty singing birds, but the sparrows and mice and rats I may do what I like with. So there, Miss Grey, you see it is not wicked."
A bad fault is here described, but whipping would hardly be the right remedy. The evil arises rather from want of thought than want of heart. The child has no sympathy with the suffering of the bird because he does not feel the pain himself, and has not imagination enough to realise pain which he does not feel. The right remedy is to train te imagination. How this may be done is best illustrated from the works of Fröbel, who has done more than any other man to devise educational methods that tend to make children good without resorting to physical force.
In a certain family the children, whose wits had been sharpened by an intelligent kindergarten teacher, invented for themselves a game of gaol. They had heard their parents discussing the capture of some notorious criminal, and turned the information to account. One of the children was chosen to be arrested by the others, after which he made his escape from prison and was re-captured. Now the teacher disliked this game, because it was rough and because the chief fun in it was the capture of a prisoner. It seemed a bad thing that children should associate the imprisonment of some poor criminal with their amusement.
The teacher therefore applied to Fröbel for help. Fröbel began by considering the game as the children played it. What pleased them in it? It was a delight to them to put some one in prison; his struggle to escape was another delight. He reflected what he could invent which would reproduce these delights, only in a more elevated form. What game would retain the essence of their amusement and yet engender a healthier tone. I sought in nature, says Fröbel, for some nobler form or appearance, some higher manifestation of the notion of captivity and escape. I found it in the caterpillar which changes into a chrysalis and afterwards escapes from its prison as a full-grown butterfly. Thus originated a butterfly game, as follows: --
One of the children is chosen to be a caterpillar. The others conduct him into a corner of the room, saying or singing:
"Crawl to your prison,
To the dust you must come;
Sleep and awaking
Fairy wings bear you home."
Then the child caterpillar is rolled up in cloaks like a chrysalis, and the others close up the corner with a stool, after which they leave it. Soon the caterpillar jumps up, tosses aside the covering, unfolds its arms like wings, and flies merrily into the open room. Presently the children return to the prison-house, and find only the weeds of the chrysalis, for the butterfly has flown away. The children sing:
"Beneath all is empty,
Butterfly flutters high;
Quick let us catch him,
Lest he fly to the sky."
So all the children run after the butterfly and try to catch him, singing:
"Burst from your prison,
We will chase you abroad.
Wings look so lovely,
Spread out on a board."
Then the butterfly sings --
"Spare me. The flowers
For my cradle which swing,
Tell me their secrets,
And the fairest I'll bring."
The children answer --
"Fly to the home of the roses.
Bring us a handful of posies."
Now the children turn themselves into flowers. Every child tells the rest the name of the flower which he or she has chosen to be, so that as many flowers are named as there are children. They divide themselves into little groups about the room, after which the butterfly visits each in turn, saying --
"Sweet Flower, grace me with your name."
and the flowers answer --
"Rose they call me, gentle dame."
When all have been visited, the flowers dance round the Butterfly in a ring, crying --
"Dear Butterfly, feel no alarm.
'Twere wrong to do thee any harm."
Fröbel's friend found that the children quickly abandoned their coarse prison game when they had been taught to play at this, and enjoyed it long as a source of unfailing delight.
In the kindergarten the flowers will grow under the genial influence of sunshine and warmth, and occasional gentle rain, but it is not necessary that there should be frequent thunderstorms. I am not inclined to abolish corporal punishment altogether, but the less there is of it the better for all concerned, as it is really a confession of weakness, and I commend to you the principles and practice of Fröbel as an effective substitute for the usual nursery commandment--"Be good! or I'll ----"
Typed by Jennifer Talsma, February 2016


text:
Aquele-Guzai o Akkele Guzay era una província a Eritrea fins a l'any 1996, quan el nou govern independent d'Eritrea va reorganitzar totes les províncies en sis regions. La població d'Aquele-Guzai consisteix principalment pels seguidors de l'Església ortodoxa eritrea. Tradicionalment, la part de Cabessà (de vegades també es coneix com a Cobessà, Quebessà), és l'àrea de la ciutat de Dekemhare. La província és ara per a la majoria de les regions, incloent Mar Roig i Debub (o Sud).

Història
Aquele-Guzai és una de les regions més antigues d'Eritrea. Té un rècord d'inscripcions que es remunta a almenys el , l'exemple més primerenc de l'alfabet amhàric. La província va formar part del Regne de D'mt que es va convertir en el Regne d'Axum.

Referències

Eritrea

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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text:
Bronisław Marian Hackbeil (ur. 25 marca 1878, zm. 1 września 1945) – polski lekarz z tytułem doktora, podpułkownik lekarz Wojska Polskiego.

Życiorys
Urodził się 25 marca 1878. Ukończył studia medyczne uzyskując tytuł doktora. Służył w c. i k. Armii. W latach 1912–1913 wziął udział w mobilizacji sił zbrojnych Monarchii Austro-Węgierskiej, wprowadzonej w związku z wojną na Bałkanach. W 1917 roku pełnił służbę w Szpitalu Garnizonowym Nr 15 w Krakowie. Na stopień lekarza sztabowego (niem. Stabsarzt) został mianowany ze starszeństwem z 1 sierpnia 1917 roku.

Po odzyskaniu przez Polskę niepodległości został przyjęty do Wojska Polskiego w stopniu majora jako były oficer armii austriackiej. Został awansowany do stopnia podpułkownika lekarza ze starszeństwem z dniem 1 czerwca 1919. W 1923, 1924 był dowódcą 5 batalionu sanitarnego w Krakowie. W 1928 jako podpułkownik przeniesiony w stan spoczynku zamieszkiwał w Krakowie. W 1934 jako oficer w stanie spoczynku był przydzielony do Kadry Zapasowej 5 Szpitala Okręgowego i pozostawał wówczas w ewidencji Powiatowej Komendy Uzupełnień Kraków Miasto.

3 listopada 1922 został wybrany do Izby Lekarskiej w Krakowie. Na przełomie lat 20./30. był lekarzem chorób wewnętrznych w Krakowie.
16 czerwca 1934 towarzyszył Eugenii Pierackiej w drodze z Nowego Sącza do Warszawy po śmierci jej syna, zamordowanego dzień wcześniej ministra Bronisława Pierackiego. Do 1939 był przypisany do adresu ulicy F. Szopena 23. Był dyrektorem schroniska dla inwalidów wojennych oraz kierownikiem referatu inwalidzkiego PCK.

Był żonaty. Zmarł 1 września 1945. Został pochowany na krakowskim cmentarzu wojskowym–Rakowickim 4 września 1945 (w tym samym miejscu został pochowany ppłk inż. Jan Hackbeil, żyjący w latach 1885–1950, oficer i mierniczy przysięgły).

Ordery i odznaczenia
 Krzyż Walecznych
 Krzyż Kawalerski Orderu Franciszka Józefa z dekoracją wojenną
 Brązowy Medal Jubileuszowy Pamiątkowy dla Sił Zbrojnych i Żandarmerii
 Krzyż Jubileuszowy Wojskowy
 Krzyż Pamiątkowy Mobilizacji 1912–1913

Przypisy

Bibliografia

Odznaczeni Krzyżem Walecznych (II Rzeczpospolita)
Oficerowie 5 Batalionu Sanitarnego
Pochowani na cmentarzu wojskowym przy ul. Prandoty w Krakowie
Podpułkownicy lekarze II Rzeczypospolitej
Polacy odznaczeni Krzyżem Jubileuszowym Wojskowym
Polacy odznaczeni Krzyżem Pamiątkowym Mobilizacji 1912–1913
Polacy odznaczeni Medalem Jubileuszowym Pamiątkowym dla Sił Zbrojnych i Żandarmerii
Polacy – odznaczeni Krzyżem Kawalerskim Orderu Franciszka Józefa
Polacy – oficerowie armii austro-węgierskiej
Polacy – żołnierze Cesarskiej i Królewskiej Armii w I wojnie światowej
Polscy interniści
Urodzeni w 1878
Wojskowi związani z Krakowem
Zmarli w 1945


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text:
b. 1971, South Korea
Haegue Yang creates installations that include photographic, video, and sculptural elements and are informed by the artist's philosophical and political investigations. Responding to the places where she exhibits, Yang creates site-specific new work that incorporates both the architecture of the exhibition space and materials gathered from the region. Her highly refined and yet completely particular sense of materiality, combined with an elegant sense of space and atmosphere, contribute to her enveloping and resonant installations.
Her work has been show in numerous international exhibitions and institutions including: KINDL - Centre for Contemporary Art, Berlin, Germany (2017); Hamburger Kunsthalle, Germany (2016); Centre Pompidou, Paris, France (2016); UCCA Ullens Center for Contemporary Art, Beijing, China (2015); Samsung Museum of Art, Seoul, South Korea (2015); Guggenheim Museum, New York, U.S.A (2015); Tate Modern, London, UK (2012); Kunsthalle Lingen, Lingen, Germany (2011); Aspen Art Museum, Aspen, Colorado, USA (2011); Kunsthaus Bregenz, Bregenz, Austria (2011); New Museum, New York, USA (2010); Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, USA (2009); South Korean Pavilion, 53rd Biennale, Venice, Italy (2009); Sala Rekalde, Bilbao, Spain (2008).
Her works have been acquired by numerous institutions, including Centre Pompidou, Paris, France; the Carnegie Museum of Art, Pittsburgh, United States; Leeum, Samsung Museum of Art, Seoul, South Korea; Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles, United States; Museum Ludwig, Cologne, Germany; Museum of Modern Art, New York, USA; M+, Hong Kong, China; National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, South Korea; and The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York, United States.
Haegue Yang has been awarded the Gesellschaft für Moderne Kunst am Museum Ludwig's Wolfgang Hahn Prize in 2018.
Her first mid-career survey exhibition at Museum Ludwig, Cologne is opened in April 2018 and another extensive survey show will open in May 2019 in the United States, before its tour across North America.
Text courtesy Galerie Chantal Crousel.
Closed 27 June–25 July 2020 Group Exhibition DEMAIN EST LA QUESTION
Closed 13–26 June 2020 Group Exhibition Basel & Paris
Closed 25 January–29 February 2020 Group Exhibition Scènes dans une bulle de cristal — Seen in a crystal ball
Recent Artworks
Haegue Yang Sonic Rotating Identical Circular Triplets – Gold and Silver #8, 2021 Powder-coated aluminium frame, powder-coated mesh, ball bearings, brass plated bells, stainless steel bells, split rings
Galerie Chantal Crousel Contact Gallery
Haegue Yang Sonic Clotheshorse #10, 2021 Powder-coated aluminium frame, powder-coated mesh, powder-coated handles, casters, stainless steel bells, PVD-coated stainless steel bells, split rings
153 x 47 x 77 cm Galerie Chantal Crousel Contact Gallery
Haegue Yang Blade Notations – Seed of E, E, E, E, 2019 Chipboard, wood varnish, blades, seed, found plants, dust, insect, hair
35 x 25 x 2.3 cm Galerie Chantal Crousel Contact Gallery
Haegue Yang Blinking Face outside of Mirror, 2012 Honeycomb metal grid, drying rack, steel chain, makeup mirror, cord, light bulbs, cable, float, bells, trivets, funnels, hangers, kitchen towel, bicylce horn, shuttlecock, head massager, hooks
140 x 65 x 35 cm (incl frame) Galerie Chantal Crousel Contact Gallery
Haegue Yang Sonic Sphere – Diagonally-ornamented Copper and Nickel, 2015 Powder-coated steel stand, powder-coated metal grid, casters, copper and nickel plated bells, metal rings
99 x 82 x 83 cm Galerie Chantal Crousel Contact Gallery
Haegue Yang Knotty Spell in Chunky Forest, 2016 Clothing rack, casters, jute twine, nylon cord, knitting yarn, lampshade frames, copper plated bells, metal rings, screw eyes, pine cones
Haegue Yang The Intermediate – Ikebana Alienage, 2016 Artificial straw, powder-coated steel stand, powder-coated metal grid, casters, artificial plants, artificial vegetables, artificial stones
82 x 135 x 83 cm Galerie Chantal Crousel Contact Gallery
Haegue Yang Coordinates of Speculative Solidarity, 2019 Digital colour print on self-adhesive vinyl film
Haegue Yang In Ocula Magazine
Read More (19)
Ocula News Korea's Demilitarised Zone Hosts Major Exhibition Seoul, 11 October 2021
Works by over 30 artists including Haegue Yang, Francis Alÿs, and Nam June Paik are now showing in a guard post, two train stations, and a dedicated cultural centre.
Ocula Feature Zona Maco Art Week: Shows to See By Tessa Moldan, Mexico City
Running between 27 April and 2 May 2021, Zona Maco Art week brings together a programme of exhibitions across Mexico City.
Ocula News NTU Auctioning Works by Entang Wiharso, Heman Chong and More Singapore, 19 August 2020
The online auction aims to raise funds for the struggling art centre, which is ending its exhibition and residency programmes.
Ocula Feature Paris Gallery Weekend: Exhibitions to See By Tessa Moldan, Paris
Ocula presents a selection of exhibitions to catch during the 7th edition of Paris Gallery Weekend.
Ocula Magazine Read More (19) In Ocula Magazine
Haegue Yang In Ocula Advisory
Advisory Perspective Sophie Taeuber-Arp Gets London Museum Debut as Market Catches Up 13 July 2021
Tate Modern host the prolific artist's first U.K. museum survey.
Haegue Yang In Related Press
Related Press Yang Hae-gue brings world of transformations, juxtapositions to Seoul 2 September 2019, The Korea Herald
Yang Hae-gue has turned a gallery space into a place full of ill-matched images. Colors on the walls both dazzle and confuse visitors. Sitting in the middle are sonic and mobile sculptures. Scented gy
Related Press Haegue Yang: Tracing Movement 20 May 2019, The Brooklyn Rail
One difference between a diagram and a tracing is their relationship to abstraction. To diagram is to anticipate the production of something new, and a diagram's information can be read selectively. T
Related Press Tate Will Give Five Women Major Solo Exhibitions in the Next Two Years 4 March 2019, Hyperallergic
Tate has revealed that five large-scale solo exhibitions for women artists are currently in development, all of which will open during the 2020–2021 season. The announcement comes perfectly-timed for
Related Press Haegue Yang Waxes Poetic About Her Exhibition with Fondazione Furla 10 September 2018, Forbes
Last Friday, Fondazione Furla unveiled Tightrope Walking and Its Wordless Shadow, a new exhibition by Korean artist Haegue Yang at the La Triennale di Milano, one of the biggest design museums in Mi
Related Press Read More (24) In Related Press
Haegue Yang In Video & Audio
Related Video & Audio Haegue Yang 'And Berlin Will Always Need You. Kunst, Handwerk und Konzept Made in Berlin' at Gropius Bau, Berlin, 2019 1 April 2020, Barbara Wien
[Haegue Yang][0] (*1971 in Seoul, South Korea) interweaves political narratives with materiality and ornamentation, creating objects and installations that are conceptually multilayered and sensually

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Ed and Cheryl bring you a spoiler free review of Batman v Superman Dawn Of Justice.
Ed and Cheryl discuss Superman in the first of a three part series of episodes covering the main characters in Batman vs Superman Dawn Of Justice.
We talk about all the incarnations of Superman throughout his existence and give you the history behind his character.
Ed and Cheryl talk time travel by looking at two great franchises like Star Trek and X-Men.
Ed compares the Presidential nominees to their sci-fi related characters, plus current geek news.


Yes I do offer a 100% money back guarantee on all my work. If you are not completely satisfied with your artwork, simply return it to me within 7 days of receiving it and I will fully refund your money.
Printed on quality archival paper on either a gloss or lustre paper stock as standard. Fine Art Printing offering a superior way of displaying and protecting your images. museum-quality archival paper which carries a UK Fine Art Trade Guild Certification.
I also offer a framing service from a local South Australian company who can help with choices of frames and matt boards to make your image look amazing on the wall.
Finished, stretched and ready to hang. Genuine, archival-grade canvas purchased directly from the U.S.A. The canvas is a heavy-weight 440gsm, free of artificial whiteners and offers amazing colour and definition. A quality frame ensures your print won't warp and will look the same in 75 years as it does today. The frames are made from premium, double-profiled meranti hardwood in any size required. The double-bevelled profile means your print sits flush against the wall, and the outline of the timber won't show through the front of the canvas.
Finished and ready to hang. Glass printing process produces impacting, durable, easy to clean and super light pieces made right here in Australia. High-definition aluminium prints are made on aluminium that's coated with a special photographic film. ChromaLuxe brand metal is used, which is resistant to stains, scratches, water, fire, tears, age-related yellowing - and lasts 200-400% as long as the world's best photo papers. This means you don't have to protect a metal print under a glass or layer of laminate as you would with regular photo paper. When you print on metal, you get all the high-definition quality you expect from an HD printer - but with all the benefits of aluminium's lightness and durability. Since the photographs are printed on a special film layer, as opposed to directly onto the aluminium surface, the quality you see in each finished print is breathtaking. You'll be saying "wow" There's an immediate, striking effect to a metal print - and the unusual rigidity of the metal adds a completely new dimension to any photograph. Colours pop on the high gloss frameless surface.
Finished and ready to hang. Glass printing process produces impacting, durable, easy to clean glass pieces made right here in Australia. Beware they are heavy.
Your Print printed on high quality archival paper will hang on the wall with a unique concealed mounting system and it is guaranteed to be the centre of your friends and family's attention. It is modern frameless and will add style and elegance to your home or office suiting all decors. Having your favourite photograph or artwork mounted or printed directly onto glass is a vibrant method of display. The colours not only pop, they are completely sealed from the outside air and are protected from harmful UV rays. You can expect your print to be free from fading for at least 50 years.


and a mind so intimidating.
lie hidden in those deep eyes.
knew she was never the usual kind.
for art is all she had, still has.
she had all the reasons.
sailed her through every season.
yet not the usual kind.
in art, beyond the flaws.
and she'll see through you.
A melange of colours, maybe?
what a woman of substance must be.
Anmol Saini is a first-year media student of Symbiosis Institute of Media and Communication (UG), Pune. Daughter of an army officer, she has been struck by wanderlust since a very young age and believes that exploration is the essence of life. For her, there is much more to living than merely existing. Creativity is her air and rhetoric is her food. She seeks beauty and inspiration from the people she meets and their life stories. She has worked for different organisations in order to fulfil her creative endeavours in the field of media and communication. She aspires to be a journalist by profession.


"Learn your own life"- 26 July 2015.
Q. I am 32 year old man. I am working in a company in Nagpur since many years. I've completed my graduation also from Nagpur. I live alone here and my family stays in Delhi. I never wanted to marry but I was forced to get married and now I have two kids. My family wants me to settle at my native place but I want to continue here with my job. I can't get my family here because I can't leave my mother alone and she won't agree to come and stay with me. Please tell me what to do?
Ans . This is an unfortunate situation. You cannot leave your mother and nor can you leave your family. Frankly, your primary duty is towards your family especially your kids and then towards your mother. If you go and stay with your family she might agree to follow you to Delhi which she should do. She forced you into marriage against your wishes and now she won't allow you to stay with your kids and wife. This is a preposterous way to dominate your life and you are listening to her is your great weakness. You are 32 years of age and matured hence. You must make decisions of your own and live your life the way you want to. Everyone takes care of parents as it is our moral duty to do so but to give in to her the way she demands is not done. Are you dependent on her in some way? For money or otherwise?
Q. I am a 17 year old boy. I am in relationship with a girl from last 2 years. We both belong to different caste. From last few months our relationship is not working well. We keep arguing a lot over small issues. Now I feel I want to get rid of her. I don't want to continue my relationship with her any more. But I guess she is very possessive about me and does not want to leave me at any cost. Please help me.
Ans. If she is possessive and both of you find it difficult to adjust to each other it might be better to call it off. You also have a long way to go before you marry and this is not the age for serious or non serious commitments. Let's assume that you do prolong this relationship further and take it deeper. Then rather than having a troubled marriage from the start itself it would be wiser to break free now. That involves least hassles and least complications. Just gather your guts and tell her one day very politely that it is over from your side. Do not give in to her tantrums if she throws them. Tell her it is affecting your studies and your peace of mind and that you have high goals to pursue. This is hardly the time for such alliances.
Q. I am a 30 year married lady and have two kids. I am having severe problems adjusting with my in-laws and even worst is to adjust with my husband. I am from a nuclear family and I've married in a joint family. My husband doesn't support me, whenever there is a fight or argument in the family. I feel so left out. My husband is the youngest child at home and even though he knows that his family members are wrong, he never supports me. I never get enough money to spend and I don't like asking my parents. What should I do?
Ans. The best way is to develop independent relations with your in-laws and not through your husband. There are ways of managing people however difficult they may be, until and unless they have some sort of mental illness. Learning the ropes of a joint family should not an impossible task if you are educated and an intelligent woman. You could learn some lessons from a friend. Communicate with your mother-in-law more often and treat her as you would your own mother and see the effects. If that does not work it is unfortunate. I am sure they are reasonably intelligent and humane people, you need to understand their needs and manage them. About your husband we would need more details to know the type of discord both you face and then decide the line of action. If he has unholy habits it is a miserable life for you or if he had personality disorders then too you are in deep trouble. Other than that things can be managed.
"Treating depression timely"- 19 July 2015.
Q. I am an 18 year old girl. I am good in academics and my social behaviour is also good. My parents and my younger sister say that I am the root cause of every argument. At that time I feel very bad. They sometimes also say that I am 'abnormal' but I am not. I've only helped them many times but they forget it. They don't talk to me properly, I feel very sad. I only apologise every time even if it's not my fault. I can't come for counselling. They opine that I can only dream big but not achieve and I am good for nothing. My sister never respects me though she is five years younger than me. Please tell me how to deal with these problems.
Ans. This sounds very strange. When you feel that you are good in all ways in studies as well as social behaviour I wonder why your family behaves that way with you? What does your father say? If no member is on your side then you will have to re-evaluate your behaviour from a fresh perspective. There may be something you are missing in your self assessment. Ask your friends and other relatives you can trust if you are wrong in some way. You must know what behaviour of yours makes them feel that way. Try to talk to someone who understands your current situation and will also be able to be a connection with your family. However do not despair. Keep focused on your studies and achievement. Success changes many things. Have patience.
Q. I am 19 years old. From last few months I'm suffering from depression, anxiety, guilt some times. I get strong feelings of suicide. Ma'am, can you please take me out of this. I am ready for everything. I hope you take my matter seriously.
Ans. This is a very bad state of mind and needs immediate attention. We need to know the reasons and the causes of your depression. Has there been any past incident which makes you feel like that? Your parents are the best people who can understand your pain. Try talking to them about your mental condition. If you feel that's not possible then share it with someone close to you or with someone whom you trust. Every problem has a solution and everything can be sorted. There are simple methods you can try at home. The first one is to think positive thoughts. The second is to exercise and work out your emotions. The third is to have friends and spend time with them. The next one is to have confidence in your-self. If nothing works you need to seek counselling immediately. Do not wait for more than a week.
Q. I am the mother of a 17 year old girl. She has completed her 12th. We are worried about her career. She is interested in dancing and wants to make her career in that field. She doesn't want to do the course from Nagpur and we don't want her to go out of Nagpur as she has never lived alone and is very dependent on me. It's difficult to understand her behaviour. She wants everything to be done her way or else she becomes hyper and aggressive. Please guide us what to do?
Ans. We need to trust our children and their career choice and help them to achieve their goals in life. If your daughter is serious about her career decision, she will learn to adjust to the new atmosphere. As parents you need to make sure that the college and the place is safe for your child. If you are not convinced of her choice at all you could bring her for career guidance and counselling.
Q.I am a 26 year old girl. I am a simple girl and want to lead a simple life. I want to get settled with the right person but every time I end up with the wrong guy. I sincerely try hard to maintain my relationship but I don't know what goes wrong and I end up being alone. I feel lonely and unwanted. Please tell me what to do?
Ans. This is really unfortunate that this has happened to you and that you have been unlucky in love. This can happen to many people where they are unable to find the right choice .You could take a break and concentrate on your job and don't get entangled in any relationship for now. Another alternative would be to trust your parent's wisdom and entrust them with the responsibility to find the right partner for you. Being a simple person you may not be making a proper judgement of the person. I am sure you'll find ultimately a good human being and you will lead a happy life.
"Making proper choices a serious business"- 12 July 2015.
parents won't let me go anywhere else? I would love to work in any NGO if you could suggest any trustworthy organization. Also any course that would help me get into NGOs. I want to do something good for others. I appreciate your help greatly.
Ans. You don't require any specific course to get into an NGOs. It actually is voluntary work and anyone interested can join. The NGO in Nagpur I can think of are –Animal welfare organization and SPCA Borgaon, Nagpur. There is the Ujjwal Gaurakshan Trust. You could search further online. Another option and a better one could be to complete your masters programme and join the NGO on a part time basis.
Q. I'm 22 years old resident of Nagpur. I always wanted to be a doctor as science subject was my strong particularly Biology but my father put me in engineering field. Now this year I completed my engineering course. Even today I have the same love & interest for biology. So basically my question to you is that is there any hope that I can still do any course in medical field now? Not necessarily to be a doctor but any course related to medical field because I believe that I can do much better progress in medical than in engineering. Can I make my career possible in medical profession? Please suggest.
Ans. You could do a post graduate degree in Biomedical engineering or Medical Technology from a college in Maharashtra or any other state in India. There are many colleges offering this course, even IIT's offer it I think. Padmashree Dr. DY Patil University - Dept of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Navi Mumbai(Maharashtra), and College of Engineering Pune also offer it. You could search for them online.
Q. I have cleared my 12 th in science I got 68%. Now I am very confused regarding my career. My parents want me to do engineering but my interest is in sketching. I just love doing that and according to my parents sketching has no future. They want me to do engineering and top in that so that I can work in big companies and earn well. They don't want me to go out of station for studies but I want go. Please provide a feed back. Is there any career regarding sketching and related courses?
Ans. Sketching is one part of art and design courses. I do not know if there is a full fledged course in it. It is taught in fine arts and forms a part of many courses. Are you interested in pure art career or a science and art combination? There are careers like architecture which is a combination of artistic talent as well as a scientific reasoning. There are art courses like commercial art, fine art, graphic designing, etc. A session of career guidance and counselling will help you decide properly. An aptitude test will give us your ability profile. That is the best way to take a decision which will affect your life and future. It needs to be thought out systematically.
Ans. It is necessary that you first get your aptitude test done to check whether you are actually fit for engineering or not. Secondly it is important to know your area of interest and your personality factors. There is no point in failing like this- it is bad for your mental health. You should work for success and that comes only when you make the right choice.
"Habits do not die overnight"- 5 July 2015.
Q. I am pursuing mechanical engineering course and now I am in 3 year. Mam I am really confused mam. I felt in love with a guy and I love him very much but when my parents came to know then we were separated due to our caste difference. My mom is single parent and for her until I have done everything right from engineering to study engineering in my home town, for her I left my dream to do my career in dance. Mam I am a classical dancer and I want to do my career in dance but my mom want to me to do engineering so for her I know she is alone, she has done many things for me and my brother, I don't want to hurt her but I love that guy and he also love me a lot and now he is going for merchant navy but my mom has warned me that if I went to that guy than she will leave me. I know she cares for me, she thinks if I am in relation than my academic performance will be lower but I am topper in my class every time. Mam please help me what should I do. I am very confused and frustrated. My mom is class 1 officer as well as P.hd. I don't know at this century she really thinks of caste n all. Mam plzz help me. I am really depressed.
Ans. Since you are already in third year engineering you will be completing the degree in another year. You can always pursue dance in a few years from now. Perhaps your mother has struggled a lot and feels that a steady income is important and dance has no guarantee of good money unless you become someone and make a name for yourself. Once you are independent and self- supporting, you can go back to dance. Meanwhile keep practicing it as much as you can as a hobby. Actually caste is no bar for marriage in today's world. But your mother has her own reasons. You should respect her and understand her concerns. Let some time pass till both of you settle down. If the feelings last that long you will be in a position to take your own decisions and your mother might agree too as you would become independent and mature by then.
Q. I love a person badly, was in a relationship with him for over a year. He loved me back. But my insecurity made him frustrated. And, now suddenly he is ignoring me. He abused my parents and grandparents. But still I love him. Also, he has made one thing very clear, that he won't let me go for a job after marriage. I am against this. What should I do?
Ans. You should forget him as he has two clearl negative points. One is that he abused your parents and grandparents and you should not take that lightly. He will abuse you too tomorrow as that may be his habit. Habits do not die overnight and tend to persist for long times unless worked on seriously. Secondly he will not allow you to work and you would like to work anyway. This should not be acceptable to you at all. The feelings of love and attachment are one thing and getting married to him is another thing. It actually reveals his nature which is disrespecting towards people and especially women. He will make a terrible husband for you. He may be good for someone else who may share his ideas and thoughts but not for you. There is a limit to what you can compromise on.
Ans. The degree course after 12 Std would be a better idea The government institutes of hotel management are the best and provide good training. Campus placements are also good there. Mumbai, Aurangabad is well known ones. Further training in special areas can be taken abroad after graduation.
"Follow your passion"- 28 June 2015.
Q. I am a 24 years old BE graduate and "visharad" in "Indian Classical Music" as a vocalist. I did engineering at the insistence of my parents, though I was unwilling to pursue this course as it was affecting my music practice for which I was committed and I was rather interested in going for classical music. Still today I am doing preparations for various competitive exams just to appease my father's expectations but unable to put my heart into it due to my inclination and intense love towards music and somewhere I feel my father wants to see me as an officer as well for fear of receiving societal sarcastic remarks, at the same time I also want to fulfil his expectations but it seems to be very much hard to me as I find myself in music all the time, as a result of which I am unable to put in great efforts in either fields. On the contrary I want to devote myself to music for my entire life. What should I do in this situation? Please help me get out of it. I need your precious guidance.
Ans. It's wonderful to know that you are passionate about music. Most people are not fortunate enough to know what they love doing. It's a gift to you to know your dream and that you want to pursue it. Success and excellence lies in precisely this state of being. Since you are already a 'Visharad' in music and have also surprisingly done a degree in engineering at the insistence of parents I suggest you should feel free to pursue whole heartedly your passion of music. You should plan your career well in the field of music by setting clearly your short term and long term goals and get going with it. Beating around the bush would not help at all. You should just go for it. All the best.
Q. I have studied till 10th here in Nagpur and I have completed my 12th from Andhra and scored 93.7% in the boards. I have appeared for JEE mains and didn't get qualified. I got 61 marks in it. I belong to OC category I want to do CSE. I like CSE branch the most. Should I take a year drop and attempt jee mains in 2016 or should I join an engineering college now? And please suggest if my choice about the engineering branch is right or not. Waiting for your reply.
Ans. It is advisable to move ahead by seeking an admission in a college rather than spending another year repeating the whole exercise. Computer is a great branch if only you are suited for it. There is a particular aptitude that is needed for programming and if you have that it becomes easy for you. Be sure of that before you take the branch.
Q. I am a 22 age guy I have completed my graduation from this year. During the graduation I am very stressed and no one close to me. But now I feel relax and preparing for civil exam. I want to socially be with people. So give suggestion to makes friends.
Ans. It is good to have social skills and you will need loads of it if you get selected in the civil exams. It can be learnt through training. If you are serious about it you could seek an appointment with me and we could chalk out a programme for you. It is a systematic training module which you would enjoy and be successful in developing the right kind of skills that you need. To begin with, start taking the initiative in greeting people and asking them simple questions about their welfare. Learn to ask them simple questions and try to make simple comments too. The next step could be done in the training sessions.
Q. I have passed 12 std last year with 76% marks. I took a drop to prepare for medical but am not sure if I will be able to make it or not. So I want to pursue my career in psychology if not medical. Can you please guide me about career in psychology the courses regarding it.
Ans. The first requirement is a graduation with one of the subjects as psychology. If you can get an Honours degree in Psychology it will be good for you. Then do a post graduation in Psychology and then after that you would need to specialise with an M.Phil in Clinical psychology. Please come for a session to understand the exact details. It is difficult to put out all the details here.
"Open the communication channels"- 22 June 2015.
"Honesty is the best policy"- 14 June 2015.
"Don't cry over spilt milk- move ahead"- 7 June 2015.
"Depression is a disease"- 31 May 2015.


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Kitchen - The kitchen is equipped with a dishwasher, microwave, large American style refrigerator with ice-maker/water dispenser and freezer, toaster, cooking utensils, and an amazing stove with 6 hobs and two ovens.
Bedroom 1 - 1 Extra Large Double Bed, with ensuite bathroom including Toilet, Shower Enclosure, Jacuzzi, Bidet.
Villa Patricia is available for rental throughout the year. All rentals include all linen, an end of stay clean and all utilities.
Beautiful villa with pool which enjoys panoramic views out across the Riviera. Set in an idyllic mountain location, a haven of tranquility yet just a 15 min walk into the medieval town of Vence.
Villa Patricia is located in a prominent position with stunning panoramic sea views and beautiful mountain views over the French and Italian Alpes. There is a large outdoor area with terraces, balconies, a beautiful pond and fountain area and a large kitchen garden with organic vegetables. The garden is landscaped with rosemary, orange trees and the amazing flowers of the South of France.
A large secluded pool with lovely sea views is located a few steps down from the main dining terrace.


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Another week, another review, another game with zombies in it: the contemporary media consumer cannot open a book, switch on the TV or pick up a controller without being confronted by the undead. Credit then to the one man team at Survivalist Games for trying something a little different, as Shelter is a zombie apocalypse themed game with a difference – a card game.
Firstly, pardon my inexperience in the genre. I have tried two or three card games, such as Magic: the Gathering and Runespell: Overture, and have never really got on with them. The story is set up via a series of comic-book style stills, introducing us to our character player who is in search of his wife, and must set off across Bristol to find her – yes, Bristol, another refreshing change of pace.
Selecting a pin on the main map of Bristol will take you to a specific battle with a zombie horde. Separating the survivors from the zombies is a barricade, and in front of this obstacle and either side is a row of empty spaces where combatants' cards go. You have a set deck, which you carry through as you journey and battle, and from this deck which you are randomly given a selection of cards. These cards are made up of weapons, defensive modifications, healing items and other beneficial objects. You can only slot a limited selection in front of the barricade and have a limited hand at any turn.
This is where implementation of tactics and a modicum of thought enter the game. You really need to look carefully at your opponents played cards and the cards in their current hand, although you don't know what is left in their stack, just who many cards they have left to play. This makes you adjust your played cards accordingly. So for example, if you are going to encounter a lot of standard zombies, which can stack, or be played in front of the barricade one on top of the other, you will need a weapon that can 'kill stack' or damage all cards in one spot. Not all zombie cards can do this and if, for example your, enemy has a lot of armoured zombies, you will need a weapon that is specifically armour piercing.
The actual act of playing Shelter is fairly deep and involving. However, there are a few problems: it is slow paced and even the addition of a fast forward button that can be hit during enemy turns can't alleviate the impatient felt when waiting for cards to shuffle and move around the screen. This graphical ambition seemed to make the game a little unstable, creating a number of occasions where the game simply shut down. When you are on the map screen, this isn't too much of a problem. When you are halfway through a battle, and all progress is lost, this can be very frustrating and this occurred on several occasions.
It also felt a little obtuse and difficult to successfully engage with the concepts at play, despite the presence of a tutorial that is very easily breezed through (in terms of difficulty it has to be stressed, not time – it is again often painfully slow to get through), only to be confronted with a huge difficulty spike as the first real level is encountered. There are deep mechanics at work here, but only a passing introduction is made to them, and much trial and error, and luck, is need to make any progress.
Presentation is one area that the game cannot be faulted on, as the comic-book style, much in the vein of the Walking Dead, lend the proceedings a sombre and serious note. This is further added to via the soundtrack, a dour, minimalist piano echoing as you play. However, the music is repetitive and very quickly grates, as there is literally just that one one tune that plays endlessly throughout the whole game, no matter the scenario.
Despite an ambitious graphic-novel art style and some deep mechanics on offer, Shelter lacks urgency and pacing that denies it worthy of much of your time; the whole thing left me cold and ultimately bored, one that failed to maintain my interest. If you are familiar with, or a fan of card style games, you may find something here to intrigue you, if you are willing to accept a slow place, an unpredictable difficulty and some technical issues.
Disclosure: Midlifegamer were provided a copy of Shelter for review purposes. The title was reviewed over the course of a week on IOS. For more information on what our scores mean, plus details of our reviews policy, click here.
This entry was posted on Monday, August 19th, 2013 at 12:02 and is filed under Reviews. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can skip to the end and leave a response. Pinging is currently not allowed.
Another great review Craig. I will probably give this a miss. Never go into the whole card game genre. Don't have the patience or understanding for Strategy Games.


A few months ago, I spent the day speaking to firefighters about human performance with a few buddies—two retired Navy SEALS and one Green Beret. Afterward, we headed to a pub for dinner and a pint. I always find myself humbled and thankful for the opportunity to share a meal with men like this, who have put everything on the line to protect my freedoms and way of life.
As we sat there in the noisy, outdoor pub, the Monday Night Football pre-game show came on. We soon fell to talking about the latest cultural hot topic—the president vs. the NFL. From there, the conversation turned to remembering friends who had not made it back from war, and then to those who did come back but found something missing in body, mind, and spirit.
As I shared my observations of the spiritual and emotional scars I see so many people carrying around these days—both warrior and civilian—I watched confusion, sadness, and anger pass across eyes of these men, each of whom has seen the absolute worst that humanity can dish out. I wondered if the thoughts going through their heads were a lot like the environment we were in—loud, smoky, and a bit out of control.
And then something amazing happened. As the pregame show came to an end, a singer stepped up to the mic to sing our country's national anthem. Suddenly, the loud, boisterous room became completely still. Everyone stopped talking, drinking, and eating. The waitresses stopped running around. The bartender stopped taking orders and stood, staring at the screen, his hand on his heart. Everyone was transfixed, listening to the anthem.
I scanned the room, watching a group of people from all different races, walks of life, and socio-economic backgrounds united in an unexpected moment of solidarity. I couldn't help but feel moved by what I was seeing.
My thoughts returned to the conversation that had just been interrupted by this moment. Suddenly I wondered, Is it true that we are really so divided in this country? What is going on with these ever-escalating conflicts and issues, and where are they really coming from?
I recently finished reading the classic novel Lord of the Flies by William Golding. In the story, a group of coming-of-age boys survive a plane crash and are stranded on an uninhabited island without any adult supervision. Initially, they are excited when they realize they are free to do whatever they want in this island paradise. This quickly fades, however, as they realize they need rules and leadership to help them survive.
Things start to fall apart when the boys start getting the idea that there is some kind of violent monster on the island looking to kill them all. Arguments, dissension, and division increase as they try to decide how they're going to kill the monster.
The reality is, there is no monster there to attack them. They create it out of their own fear. This lie becomes bigger and scarier until they become violent towards one another and eventually kill one another. They have become the monster—become what they feared. Thankfully, the story ends when an adult comes along to save them from themselves.
The "lord of the flies" is the father of lies, and he is our true enemy: ". . . the devil . . . was a murderer from the beginning, not holding to the truth, for there is no truth in him. When he lies, he speaks his native language, for he is a liar and the father of lies" (John 8:43-44).
The devil's number-one tactic is to play on our deepest longings and fears and get us to believe things that aren't true. When he succeeds, we become the monster and destroy ourselves and one another instead of recognizing him as the true monster.
As I looked into the eyes of the SEALS and Green Beret with me that night, I thought, These guys get it. When the bullets begin to fly by your head and your only hope for survival is to come together as a team, you fight—for your teammate and for yourself. You don't fight each other—you fight the enemy. He's the one who's threatening your life and its ways, not your teammate.
We don't have to be divided. That night at the pub, I saw a group of people putting their differences behind them and standing for something bigger than themselves—together.
I don't believe that we are merely a nation of scared orphans who know nothing but offense, slander, and self-protection. It's time for those of us who know the truth to stand up for it—to stop degrading and pointing fingers at our teammates and putting our own agendas over the greater good.
It's not about the ratings. It's not about my success. It's not about how many members you have. It's not about the statues in the park. It's not about you. It's about us. It's about the tribe.
Can we start today by enjoying our freedoms and beginning to love, forgive, accept, cherish, and develop people?


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An Overview of Outsourcing in the Life Sciences, Part I: Seas of Change
27 Feb, 2019An Overview of Outsourcing in the Life Sciences, Part I: Seas of Change
Written by: Scientist.com
Published In: Industry trends
A recent white paper was released that traces the trajectory over the last ten years of 120 independent for-profit startups in the field of research workflows and scholarly communication. The author, Yvonne Campfens, presented the report at the Academic Publishing in Europe (APE) Conference held January 15-16, 2019 in Berlin. Campfens began the study with three main research questions:
Do the startups still exist (independently) in 2018?
If so, how were they funded and how are they doing?
If acquired by 2018, by whom and when were they taken over?
Established in 2007 in an effort to disrupt and improve 'research workflows,' Scientist.com was included in the study, which prompted us to reflect on how the outsourcing model, as a key component of the research workflow, has drastically evolved in the past decade.
To say the last 10, much less 15 or 20 years have seen a continual evolution in organizational outsourcing strategies by pharma and biotech companies is an understatement. One could even say that the outsourcing landscape has not only changed immensely over the last two decades but appears to be nowhere close to slowing down.
Outsourcing as a business strategy was not really discussed until the late '80s, and the world of drug discovery was by no means an early adopter, especially when it came to R&D. At the time, traditional research organizations were vertically-integrated, brick and mortar spaces where a majority of the research activity was housed within the walls of drug discovery companies looking to secretly gain a competitive advantage.
The changes in the broader biotech industry have been well documented, with large pharma struggling to meet the challenges of a drug discovery pipeline capable of addressing looming patent cliffs and sustaining future growth. As a direct result, the specialized biotech and startup model received a huge boost. Rather than build out a full suite of in-house research capabilities, the majority of these companies focused on a few innovative, tech-driven capabilities. This gave them a competitive edge while utilizing external, third-party organizations to complete the remaining steps necessary to progress their assets to market.
With that being said, the explosion of science-based companies focused on highly innovative science is not restricted purely to drug discovery companies. The global contract research organization (CRO) network has seen massive growth as well. In fact, an article published in 2018 states that the CRO market is predicted to reach $44.4bn by 2021. So, not only has there been an emergence of big CROs offering a wide range of research services to pharma and biotechs, but there are also now thousands of smaller suppliers offering exciting new opportunities for creating better and faster science.
Never before have we had the breadth of scientific talent that we do today, but at the same time the scientific focus of this group has never been so broad, meaning that the experts in particular fields can vary widely in number. While many of these experts still undoubtedly reside in big pharma and big biotech, the culture of entrepreneurship and innovation that currently envelops our industry means that many individuals (and the number is growing) want to sit outside the confines of a large corporate environment and work independently. R&D downsizing, coupled with redundancy from mega-mergers and the rise in the propensity of universities to create spin-outs at impressive rates has thrust many would-be 'corporate scientists' into the world of the start-up, further enriching the pool of scientific excellence that is accessible to drug discovery companies on an as-needed basis.
Rapidly changing technology and innovation in the industry means that investing in capabilities becomes fraught with risk. An investment can become obsolete very quickly as new and more advanced methods arise. This is a major reason to access expertise from throughout the CRO network rather than self-invest. The network will maximize utilization of new technologies or platforms for multiple clients, amortizing the expense across channels and clientele. Furthermore, when a new technology is uncovered, CROs will incorporate this into their portfolio or drug developers migrate toward CROs with the new technology, thus having constant access to the cutting-edge innovations without the risk and expense of investment.
In Part II, we will examine the specific reasons and benefits of why individual researchers and research organizations are choosing to outsource scientific services.
Scientist.com
Founded in 2007, Scientist.com is the world's leading scientific services marketplace. It saves time and money and provides access to innovation while maintaining compliance with an organization's procurement policies. Scientist.com operates private marketplaces for most of the world's major pharmaceutical companies and the US NIH.
discovery, innovation, outsourcing, pharmaceutical outsourcing
The Effects of Sex Bias in Preclinical Research and How it Can Be Changed
The Importance of Cellular Pathways in Life Sciences
Bispecific Antibodies: Emerging Novel Immunotherapies for Cancer
Tissue Processing in the 21st Century
How can I incorporate innovative techniques to make my histology workflow easier and more reliable?
An Overview of Outsourcing in the Life Sciences, Part II:
Discovery & Innovation (104)
Open Science (33)
Research Exchanges (60)
Research Services (44)
Supplier Spotlight (12)
Tech Snapshot (4)
Trial Insights: Real Data in Real Time
Scientist.com 2018 Wrap up
Supplier Insider: Toxikon
In the Community: Skyline STREAM Lab
In the Community: Creating a Better Future for Oceanside
Supplier Insider: Sanguine
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Kalotaszeg in Transylvania is one of the most famous and important ethnographic landscapes for Hungarian culture. Kalotaszeg has produced the highest amount in virtually all styles of Hungarian peasant art from costumes to embroidery, carving to building styles; music to dance. The cultural heritage from this region greatly impacted society at the end of the 19th century, with artists, scientists and aristocrats hugely influenced by the reputation of these folk traditions. These art forms were subsequently recognised by the royal court at the time. In spite of modernisation, these local traditions remained until very recently.
The majority of the Protestant Hungarian population live in around 40 countryside settlements in between Bánffyhunyad and Kolozsvár, in a valley around 50 km long. The Hungarian population in this area has never fallen below fifteen thousand.
The Reformed church encourage folk costumes to be worn at confirmations, religious celebrations and community gatherings. At these social occasions, traditional clothing is still worn by locals. There are still working orchestras, with younger people from famous musical families still making music. Influenced by dance camps and ensembles, children and young people are still learning these musical traditions.
People are more than happy to show the rooms in their houses in their pure state, where there are still outstanding wood carvers and furniture painters. Traditional costumes such as párta (corollas), bujka (embroidered men's jackets), fersing (pleated woven skirts), kötény (women's aprons), and mejjrevaló (women's waistcoats), can be learned about directly from the women who do the embroidery.
The Kalotaszeg community is important to Hungarian cultural life in that time after time folk traditions are strengthened through people's own everyday experience of them. In the area of Kalotaszeg, which is close to Kolozsvar, along the Nádas valley; the village of Méra is one of the most traditional communities in the countryside. The music and dance culture of this settlement has been conceptualised within the Táncház (Dance House) movement.
At the Smithsonian Folklife Festival there will be two substantial presentations of tradition-keeping family life of the Kalotaszeg. The cottage industries of Méra will be shown, including their costumes and dance traditions.
Guests from Méra: György and Ilona Muszka, András, Tekla and Szilárd Tötszegi, and Enikő Pálfi.


Not even the prospect of cycling through terrorist hit Volgograd has put off the trio, who all belong to the Pedalinac Cycling Club. Mladen, Marko and Tomislav have broken up their trip to Sochi, where they plan to arrive by the opening ceremony on 7 February, into around 30 stages. The first stage will see them bike 146km from Zagreb to Nova Gradiška, before a 100km trip to Novi Sad. The Croatians will then make their way to Bucharest before moving onto the Ukrainian towns of Odessa, Sevastopol, Kerch and finally to – Sochi.
"Cycling is a way of life for us. We are not sportspeople and our cycling club is not a competition club but an association which gathers keen cyclists who like to travel on their bikes around Europe and the world," said Gaćeša before heading off on Saturday.


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Home › Publications › Cocultivation of anaerobic fungi with rumen bacteria establishes an antagonistic relationship
Cocultivation of anaerobic fungi with rumen bacteria establishes an antagonistic relationship
mBio 12(4) ( 2021)
Swift, C. L., Louie, K. B., Bowen, B. P., Hooker, C. A., Solomon, K. V., Singan, V., Daum, C., Pennacchio, C. P., Barry, K., Shutthanandan, V., Evans, J. E., Grigoriev, I. V., Northen, T. R., O'malley, M. A.
Anaerobic gut fungi (Neocallimastigomycetes) live in the digestive tract of large herbivores, where they are vastly outnumbered by bacteria. It has been suggested that anaerobic fungi challenge growth of bacteria owing to the wealth of biosynthetic genes in fungal genomes, although this relationship has not been experimentally tested. Here, we cocultivated the rumen bacteria Fibrobacter succinogenes strain UWB7 with the anaerobic gut fungi Anaeromyces robustus or Caecomyces churrovis on a range of carbon substrates and quantified the bacterial and fungal transcriptomic response. Synthetic cocultures were established for at least 24 h, as verified by active fungal and bacterial transcription. A. robustus upregulated components of its secondary metabolism in the presence of Fibrobacter succinogenes strain UWB7, including six nonribosomal peptide synthetases, one polyketide synthase-like enzyme, and five polyketide synthesis O-type methyltransferases. Both A. robustus and C. churrovis cocultures upregulated S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferases, histone methyltransferases, and an acetyltransferase. Fungal histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation marks were more abundant in coculture, and heterochromatin protein-1 was downregulated. Together, these findings suggest that fungal chromatin remodeling occurs when bacteria are present. F. succinogenes strain UWB7 upregulated four genes in coculture encoding drug efflux pumps, which likely protect the cell against toxins. Furthermore, untargeted nonpolar metabolomics data revealed at least one novel fungal metabolite enriched in coculture, which may be a defense compound. Taken together, these data suggest that A. robustus and C. churrovis produce antimicrobials when exposed to rumen bacteria and, more broadly, that anaerobic gut fungi are a source of novel antibiotics.


While we were on the island we did the Bali Dolphins Experience and were not disappointed.
I have to be honest I was a little concerned as some of the reviews on TripAdvisor said that the dolphins were not treated very well. I didn't find that at all! They looked healthy and happy and better than some wild dolphins I have seen while SCUBA diving in the past.
If you do this make sure that you book a long time before you plan to go. We booked 6 weeks out and were told that it wasn't available. I got an email about a week later saying that a spot had opened up for the day and time we wanted to go.
Warren had never done a dolphin swim before, and again I was worried about how this would go. Warren isn't the biggest fan of water and I knew we had to take a small boat out to the pens.
We were picked up at our hotel by a friendly driver, and he took us the 40 minute drive to the Dolphin Lodge where we were greeted by friendly check in people. They offered us a drink and a place to sit while we waited for others to join us. They even had some games to play if we wanted to. Not long after we arrived the other people on our "tour" arrived. We were fitted with life jackets and given a briefing on what to do and what to expect.
The trainers were awesome and made Warren feel comfortable. We took a small boat out to the pen in a harbour. The boat ride was very short and it was easy to get on and off the boat at either end.
The pens themselves don't look very special, but they serve their purpose. We had a great trainer and the dolphin named Ricky. He was awesome and looked like he was having a great time with his trainer and with us.
We were paired off with another couple, so there were only 4 of us with Ricky for 45 minutes! We got in the water (which was a little stinky but it is the ocean!) and got to pet, kiss and play with Ricky. He did tricks and really showed affection to us and his trainer.
It was the best dolphin experience (other than SCUBA diving) I have ever done. It was a great spend of money at only about $80 each. The best part was that they sent over other employees to take photos with our OWN cameras! Most of them came out great!
After 45 minutes (the supervisor came over to tell the trainers that it was time to go)we were shocked as the time went so fast. We went back in the boat to shower and change and have another drink. They had a great little store in the back of the lodge that had the best prices for carvings etc.
We had a great time with the Bali Dolphins and I would recommend it to everyone that goes to Bali.
Check out Dolphins to book our trip on your next Vacation on the island.
Join in and write your own page! It's easy to do. How? Simply click here to return to Bali Vacations.


Very sad and shocking news for the Kidman family, as reports come in about the accident that killed Antony Kidman.
Reports were confirmed by Australian publications that Nicole Kidman's father, Antony, died after a serious fall. He was in Singapore at the time of the fall visiting his other daughter, Antonia.


DÜSSELDORF, GERMANY – November 14, 2012 – Vancive Medical Technologies™, formerly Avery Dennison Medical Solutions, has introduced a business support program for medical device converters at MEDICA 2012, the World Forum for Medicine International Trade Fair. The new Converter Benefit Program offers converters in the temporary adherent medical device sector access to a diverse range of differentiated products.
The initiative supports qualified converters with wide-ranging resources, including expert technical support, marketing resources and financial incentives. Vancive managers are available to discuss the program at MEDICA Hall 06, Stand H07.
All program participants gain access to the latest products for wound care, surgical, ostomy and electromedical applications.
Wound care solutions include skin-friendly acrylic and hydrocolloid adhesives that offer high moisture vapor transmission and conformability.
Surgical products consist of incise films, OP strips and bordering and fixation tapes.
Ostomy products include foams, nonwovens and specially developed hydrocolloids.
Electromedical products comprise foams, films and nonwoven materials designed for mounting medical devices onto the skin.
The Converter Benefit Program offers a host of resources: The Vancive Medical Technologies team is available to help converters address engineering and production challenges. Product specialists conduct full-day training sessions at the converter's site, and host online seminars. An online product finder allows converters to identify the right products for each application.
Vancive Medical Technologies supplies program participants with product samples that enable converters to create prototypes on short notice for their customers. Participants receive promotional materials to assist with marketing campaigns. Top-tier participants can also benefit from business briefings tailored to their specific market sectors.


text:
Merle Bruner, fire chief and city co-foreman, is asking that people not place ash from their fireplaces in with their trash. Last year, the city's trash truck was nearly lost when still-hot coals, hidden among ash, started a fire. This could have caused thousands of dollars in damage or worse.
That old Christmas tree can still serve a useful life. Take your used tree to Don Smith's service station on E. Main St. and it will be taken, along with others, to Marion County Lake, where it will be used for fish habitat.
The Board of Education of Marion Unified School District will be host for a reception Jan. 10 for longtime staff member Eugene Enos, who is retiring. The reception will be from 2 to 4 p.m. in the cafeteria of Hill School. All friends, patrons, former students, and others who worked with Enos are invited to attend.
The Harvey House Museum at Florence has a case of "The Harvey House Cookbook" for sale. Bessie Suffield said the book's author, George H. Foster, sent the books.
Pictured is a Muskogee duck that was dumped at Marion County Park and Lake a couple of years ago. Superintendent Dale Snelling says such birds can be a nuisance because they breed fast and are not considered beneficial. "People may think they are pretty, but they're not desired." He hopes people will not dispose of unwanted birds at the lake this season.


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Pastime with Good Company, também conhecida como The King's Ballad (The Kynges Balade), é uma canção folclórica inglesa, escrita pelo rei Henrique VIII, nos primeiros anos do século XVI, pouco depois de ser coroado. É considerada a mais famosa das suas composições, e tornou-se uma canção popular na Inglaterra e em outros países europeus durante o Renascimento. Pensa-se ter sido escrita para Catarina de Aragão.

Contexto histórico
Os primeiros anos do reinado de Henrique VIII marcaram-se por um carácter distintivo da exuberância e extravagâncias da corte inglesa, tornadas possíveis pela estabilidade política do reino e da riqueza das finanças do Estado. Os banquetes e festas reais eram realizados continuamente, assim como os desportos e passatempos ao ar livre, como a caça, falcoaria e justa, e torneios de tiro com arco. O jovem rei era ele mesmo um desportista qualificado, primando na equitação, tiro com arco, luta e jogo de palma. A canção foi escrita durante este período, e apresenta um elogio geral a todos estes espectáculos e diversões, descrevendo o estado de espírito geral de lazer e despreocupação que reinava na corte real na época. Ao mesmo tempo, o texto fornece uma justificativa moral para toda esta alegria: a companhia é preferível à ociosidade, pois esta pode criar vícios.

A canção

Como acontecia a todo homem de origem nobre na época do Renascimento, esperava-se que Henrique VIII dominasse muitas habilidades, incluindo a esgrima, a caça, a dança, escrever poesia, cantar, tocar e compor música, e foi educado para isto. Henrique foi considerado um talentoso compositor e poeta por seus contemporâneos.

Supõe-se que a canção terá sido tocada na corte, juntamente com todas as outras composições do rei. No entanto, devido à sua melodia simples e cativante, tornou-se uma música popular e logo depois já era interpretada frequentemente nas feiras, tabernas e eventos ingleses. Também se acredita ter sido uma das peças musicais favoritas da rainha Isabel I. A canção é referida em vários documentos e publicações contemporâneas, que atestam a sua popularidade, e foi objeto de um grande número de variantes e rearranjos instrumentais por músicos diferentes, nos anos seguintes. No trabalho de 1548, The Complaynt of Scotland, o autor anónimo menciona Passetyme with gude companye como estando entre as canções populares do reino da Escócia, no início do século XVI.

A mais antiga versão conhecida é parte do Henry VIII Manuscript (c. 1513), uma colecção de 14 obras da sua autoria, atualmente preservadas na Biblioteca Britânica (BM Addl. MSS. 31,922; Addl. MSS. 5,665; MSS. Reg. Appendix 58), que são assinados: By the King's Hand ("Pela Mão do Rei"). O manuscrito inclui também duas missas, um moteto, um hino, e outras canções e baladas, tanto vocais como instrumentais.

Pastime with Good Company continua sendo uma peça favorita no repertório coral, tendo sido gravada em muitas variantes que incluem alaúde, flauta, trombone e percussão, entre outros instrumentos. Por causa da sua melodia do início do Renascimento, foi também incluída em diferentes filmes e documentários baseados na figura de Henrique VIII e do período Tudor.

"Pastime with good company" teve diversas versões feitas por bandas de rock. Há uma versão no primeiro álbum da banda de rock progressivo Gryphon. Ela foi tocada pela banda de folk rock Jethro Tull. Ela aparece nos álbuns Stormwatch e The Best of Acoustic Jethro Tull. A música, rebatizada como Past Time with Good Company, foi também a terceira faixa em Under a Violet Moon, o segundo álbum do grupo folk rock de inspiração renascentista Blackmore's Night.

Letra

Mídia
 Viva l'amore. Bassano, 1999, Flanders Recorder Quartet e Capilla Flamenca, 1999 (OPS 30-239). Contém uma gravação de Pastime with good company.
 Pastyme With Good Companye. Music at the Court of Henry VIII, Ensemble Dreiklang Berlin, 2004 (CHAN 0709).

Ligações externas

Música da Inglaterra