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Audit of NHS Trust's app project with DeepMind raises more questions than it answers
A third party audit of a controversial patient data-sharing arrangement between a London NHS Trust and Google DeepMind appears to have skirted over the core issues that generated the controversy in the first place.
The audit (full report here) — conducted by law firm Linklaters — of the Royal Free NHS Foundation Trust's acute kidney injury detection app system, Streams, which was co-developed with Google-DeepMind (using an existing NHS algorithm for early detection of the condition), does not examine the problematic 2015 information-sharing agreement inked between the pair which allowed data to start flowing.
"This Report contains an assessment of the data protection and confidentiality issues associated with the data protection arrangements between the Royal Free and DeepMind . It is limited to the current use of Streams, and any further development, functional testing or clinical testing, that is either planned or in progress. It is not a historical review," writes Linklaters, adding that: "It includes consideration as to whether the transparency, fair processing, proportionality and information sharing concerns outlined in the Undertakings are being met."
Yet it was the original 2015 contract that triggered the controversy, after it was obtained and published by New Scientist, with the wide-ranging document raising questions over the broad scope of the data transfer; the legal bases for patients information to be shared; and leading to questions over whether regulatory processes intended to safeguard patients and patient data had been sidelined by the two main parties involved in the project.
In November 2016 the pair scrapped and replaced the initial five-year contract with a different one — which put in place additional information governance steps.
They also went on to roll out the Streams app for use on patients in multiple NHS hospitals — despite the UK's data protection regulator, the ICO, having instigated an investigation into the original data-sharing arrangement.
And just over a year ago the ICO concluded that the Royal Free NHS Foundation Trust had failed to comply with Data Protection Law in its dealings with Google's DeepMind.
The audit of the Streams project was a requirement of the ICO.
Though, notably, the regulator has not endorsed Linklaters report. On the contrary, it warns that it's seeking legal advice and could take further action.
In a statement on its website, the ICO's deputy commissioner for policy, Steve Wood, writes: "We cannot endorse a report from a third party audit but we have provided feedback to the Royal Free. We also reserve our position in relation to their position on medical confidentiality and the equitable duty of confidence. We are seeking legal advice on this issue and may require further action."
In a section of the report listing exclusions, Linklaters confirms the audit does not consider: "The data protection and confidentiality issues associated with the processing of personal data about the clinicians at the Royal Free using the Streams App."
So essentially the core controversy, related to the legal basis for the Royal Free to pass personally identifiable information on 1.6M patients to DeepMind when the app was being developed, and without people's knowledge or consent, is going unaddressed here.
And Wood's statement pointedly reiterates that the ICO's investigation "found a number of shortcomings in the way patient records were shared for this trial".
"[P]art of the undertaking committed Royal Free to commission a third party audit. They have now done this and shared the results with the ICO. What's important now is that they use the findings to address the compliance issues addressed in the audit swiftly and robustly. We'll be continuing to liaise with them in the coming months to ensure this is happening," he adds.
"It's important that other NHS Trusts considering using similar new technologies pay regard to the recommendations we gave to Royal Free, and ensure data protection risks are fully addressed using a Data Protection Impact Assessment before deployment."
While the report is something of a frustration, given the glaring historical omissions, it does raise some points of interest — including suggesting that the Royal Free should probably scrap a Memorandum of Understanding it also inked with DeepMind, in which the pair set out their ambition to apply AI to NHS data.
This is recommended because the pair have apparently abandoned their AI research plans.
On this Linklaters writes: "DeepMind has informed us that they have abandoned their potential research project into the use of AI to develop better algorithms, and their processing is limited to execution of the NHS AKI algorithm… In addition, the majority of the provisions in the Memorandum of Understanding are non-binding. The limited provisions that are binding are superseded by the Services Agreement and the Information Processing Agreement discussed above, hence we think the Memorandum of Understanding has very limited relevance to Streams. We recommend that the Royal Free considers if the Memorandum of Understanding continues to be relevant to its relationship with DeepMind and, if it is not relevant, terminates that agreement."
In another section, discussing the NHS algorithm that underpins the Streams app, the law firm also points out that DeepMind's role in the project is little more than helping provide a glorified app wrapper (on the app design front the project also utilized UK app studio, ustwo, so DeepMind can't claim app design credit either).
"Without intending any disrespect to DeepMind, we do not think the concepts underpinning Streams are particularly ground-breaking. It does not, by any measure, involve artificial intelligence or machine learning or other advanced technology. The benefits of the Streams App instead come from a very well-designed and user-friendly interface, backed up by solid infrastructure and data management that provides AKI alerts and contextual clinical information in a reliable, timely and secure manner," Linklaters writes.
What DeepMind did bring to the project, and to its other NHS collaborations, is money and resources — providing its development resources free for the NHS at the point of use, and stating (when asked about its business model) that it would determine how much to charge the NHS for these app 'innovations' later.
Yet the commercial services the tech giant is providing to what are public sector organizations do not appear to have been put out to open tender.
Also notably excluded in the Linklaters' audit: Any scrutiny of the project vis-a-vis competition law, public procurement law compliance with procurement rules, and any concerns relating to possible anticompetitive behavior.
The report does highlight one potentially problematic data retention issue for the current deployment of Streams, saying there is "currently no retention period for patient information on Streams" — meaning there is no process for deleting a patient's medical history once it reaches a certain age.
"This means the information on Streams currently dates back eight years," it notes, suggesting the Royal Free should probably set an upper age limit on the age of information contained in the system.
While Linklaters largely glosses over the chequered origins of the Streams project, the law firm does make a point of agreeing with the ICO that the original privacy impact assessment for the project "should have been completed in a more timely manner".
It also describes it as "relatively thin given the scale of the project".
Giving its response to the audit, health data privacy advocacy group MedConfidential — an early critic of the DeepMind data-sharing arrangement — is roundly unimpressed, writing: "The biggest question raised by the Information Commissioner and the National Data Guardian appears to be missing — instead, the report excludes a "historical review of issues arising prior to the date of our appointment".
"The report claims the 'vital interests' (i.e. remaining alive) of patients is justification to protect against an "event [that] might only occur in the future or not occur at all"… The only 'vital interest' protected here is Google's, and its desire to hoard medical records it was told were unlawfully collected. The vital interests of a hypothetical patient are not vital interests of an actual data subject (and the GDPR tests are demonstrably unmet).
"The ICO and NDG asked the Royal Free to justify the collection of 1.6 million patient records, and this legal opinion explicitly provides no answer to that question."
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Facebook releases new privacy safeguards after ceding to pressure from advertisers →


WASHINGTON, D.C. – U.S. Senators Susan Collins and Angus King announced today that the National Science Foundation (NSF) has awarded the University of Maine $201,515 in grant funding to support the study of climate change and its effect on birds' migratory patterns and food sources.
While there is much evidence that plants and animals are relocating as a result of climate change, it remains unclear how they do so and whether changes for one species affect those in other species. Birds, for example, can move easily from one region to another, but the plants and insects they depend on for food cannot. This project explores the possibility that birds may find suitable climatic conditions in a new area, but be deterred from moving there because the plants and insects they typically feed on have not been able to relocate.
The grant funding has been awarded through the National Science Foundation's Division of Environmental Biology.


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Port lotniczy Drake Bay (, IATA: DRK, ICAO: MRDK) – port lotniczy zlokalizowany w kostarykańskiej miejscowości Drake Bay.

Bibliografia
 Great Circle Mapper

Drake Bay

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Peripheral axonal injury changes the expression of hundreds of genes in dorsal root ganglion neurons, increasing the excitability of the injured neurons and altering their synaptic transmission and connectivity in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. We hypothesize that the regulation of genes by injury is orchestrated by induction of transcription factors that act as "master switches" to control coordinated changes in expression of programs of diverse genes. Specifically, we propose that activating transcription facter 3 (ATF3) is one of the master regulators of the altered phenotype induced by axonal injury. To study the nature and regulation of the transcriptional component of the responses neurons to injury and the particular involvement of ATF3 we propose to: 1. Test if ATF3 expression in DRG neurons is necessary after peripheral nerve injury and sufficient in non-injured states, to alter sensory behavior. To do this we will investigate the effect on pain sensitivity in the spared nerve injury neuropathic pain model of both knockdown ATF3 expression, by AAV8 delivery of shRNA to DRG neurons, and of conditional ATF3 knockout limited to adult DRG neurons, using an inducible Brn3a Cre driver. We will also examine if forced expression of ATF3 in postnatal non-injured DRG neurons increases pain-related sensitivity, using transgenic mice with the AFT3 gene under control of a neuron-specific thy1.2 regulatory sequence. 2. Establish if ATF3 contributes to the pain phenotype after nerve injury by altering the expression of functional-and growth-related genes. This will involve comparing microarray expression profiles of DRGs from intact and nerve-injured ATF3 overexpressing and knockout mice with wild types, and identification of those genes to which ATF3 finds in injured DRGs using chromatin immunoprecipitation. Validation of regulation by ATF3 will be by luciferase reporter assay and the role of candidate genes in neuropathic pain evaluated. 3. Determine if central sprouting of A-fiber afferents into the superficial laminae of the dorsal horn occurs after peripheral nerve injury and is driven by AFT3 expression. To do this we will use a transgenic mouse engineered to express an axonally transported GFP fusion protein only in large myelinated DRG neurons (using a Parv-Cre driver) in order to label the central terminals of these A-fibers. We find in pilot studies that peripheral nerve injury results in the sprouting of A-fiber central terminals into lamina II outer and will now both extend this and test if ATF3 contributes, using knockdown and knockout strategies. We will compare the pattern of structural plasticity in adult and immature nervous systems.


I was in the car one morning, driving in the countryside, focused on myself, happy, smiling … one moment later everything I saw in front of me, everything I could see, everything I could touch, suddenly became sacred, I perceived it as such, extremely pure, extremely precious, beautiful, sacred.
I immediately headed for a place nearby, a little town towards the mountain, cut in half by a small stream. I decided to go visit that paradise.
A quick trip, but full of wonder and enchantment, just ten minutes.
Once I arrived, I headed for a trail, I was still overwhelmed by shock, wonder, enchantment, love, reverence, grace, and tears, all together, in a dazed state I headed toward that sacred space: everything was sacred, the grass, the plants, rocks, the water from the stream, the air, the light …. sacred and alive.
Soon after I decided to stop: stepping on all that life, that grass under the trees, the moss, alive just like me, it felt like stepping on it would be a sacrilege. I looked for a spot of bare earth where I could stand on … there was none. I was afraid to walk on it, of stepping on that life, fear of not having the right to, of harming it.
Only now, months later, I fully realize what I actually experienced in those moments, and so I thought I would write to you about it.
I was hit by a colossal wave of love that was pouring over me, it took my breath away, love was flowing outside of me upon everything that was around me in that moment.
I am not able to translate into words what I felt in those moments, but I will try: a powerful love, may I say, life itself, a vast joy, a sense of communion with everything that surrounded me, that was there with me, together with me.
Then, sweetly cuddled by that love, I slowly returned to reality, accompanied by a sweet cry of joy, I was overwhelmed by the gratitude that was spontaneously pouring out of me.
Our earth is sacred, as is everything that inhabits, we have to respect it and look after it, it feeds us with infinite love, and we should do the same with it.


GTA 5 PS 4 . 5 Xbox 360. PS 3 - GTA 5 . . PlayStation 3 (DualShock 3 ) : Grand Theft Auto 5 . : 2014. : . : Rockstar North. : , . , GTA 5 . GTA 5 PC. Forever Android . . . GTA 3 , , Grand Theft Auto IV Games for Windows-LIVE Rockstar Games Social Club. gta 4 ,, xlive.dll , gta 3 android Grand Theft Auto : San Andreas, 2004 . GTA Vice City . . : : ? » Freeleech.org » » GTA / Grand Theft Auto : San Andreas - 5 , ( GTA ). Grand Theft Auto : Vice City Stories ( GTA VCS) Grand , Rockstar Leeds PSP PS2. « 100 % PSP» GTA Vice City Stories (604.47 ). . , . Grand Theft Auto V - -. GTA 5 San Andreas SA:MP : . - ! : Skin Selector v2.1 GTA San Andreas 4 -5. mp3 . , GTA Online , , GTA Online , , , GTA 4 , , . . gta 4 100 ( ,. - : 5 gta san . 1 2015 : " , 80 .. beta v.0.1.0 GTA : Vice City . Internet Download Manager 6.23 Build 3 Final Retail - zazap0RtaL !! SA-MP: ! SA-MP:server. gta - parkour .ru:7777. GTA San Andreas HD,HQ . VF 5 . , , , . Grand Theft Auto IV : Episodes from Liberty City . . , , ( cheat menu) . - ps 3 5 online? V GTA 5 2 (Dualshock 3 ) , Sony Pulse Wireless Stereo Headset Elite Edition : GTA 4 / GTA IV in style GTA V . v . 2 (2014)Repack by JohnMc :Action,Shooter,Racing,3rd,Person *C XLiveless 0.999.B7. * GTA V . * GTA V ( 70 ). 6 2015 Grand Theft Auto , , . , GTA , Grand Theft Auto : San Andreas Android: gtasanandreasv 1 .02.apk QR. ARMv7. Full. . gta sa . , , . : ! . , 4 - GTA 4 - 13( Crime And Punishment ). . , , . : 8 . 2014 . GTA IV :MP Criminal Russia DM/FUN/ FREEPLAY Server. GTA IV [ ] - v.1. 4 .1 [FINAL] TheProfitVision 131 035 . 1:54:42. . 5 . AG WY Desings Quality 5 .0 Edition GTA 4 , , . Cleo . MTA (Multi Theft Auto ) . GTA cc . Enzot1c Trainer +21 GTA San Andreas. 21 . GTA .ru > GTA IV > > Grand Theft Auto 4 " Simple ENB for natural and realistic lighting (0.79)". , , GTA 5 (47). GTA 5 ? (152). GTA : SA (462). GTA 5 28 - Saints Row, United Liberty Paper GTA 4 , [Easter Eggs]. Dying Light. . GTA 5 - 10 - 2 [ 5 ] ? 10 : , . : -. PC - . E3 2005. - GTA V 4 (3840?2160) 13 2015 Home enter GTA : CW GTA : tbogt GTA : TLAD GTA : IV GTA V RSS. , Games for Windows LIVE , , : http : [EFLC] - GTA 4 GTAMiR.ru , 5 , » » Grand Theft Auto IV » . IV v 2 . 0 GTA 4 | MaleGame. " Iron Man .oiv" Open IV . 26 2014 GTA Vice City. . . . , ! : Hustler. : 16 6 . 5 LL RL : Car Pack GTA 4 : : Fire_Phoenix1467 : 2011 : PC. : RUS : : . : . Fun :: Video/Clips HD. GTA 4 The Lost and Damned . , ( ), GTA Vice City . 1 1 1 1 1 4.72 (18 ). . , GTA . - , 80- . . » » GTA SA » CLEO . Gravity Gun GTA San Andreas . 04.07.2010, 12:33. GTA SA . , . + .
Tüm Zamanlar GMT +3 Olarak Ayarlanmış. Şuanki Zaman: 12:09.


You are here: NECAOnline.com » Blog » Behind The Scenes » Yes, a 1:1 Half-Life Gravity Gun Replica Is Coming Out in 2013!
Behold -The Zero Point Energy Field Manipulator Prototype!
The Zero Point Energy Field Manipulator (ZPEFM), most commonly known as the Gravity Gun, is a tractor beam-type weapon that was originally designed for handling hazardous materials, but, as Alyx stated, was primarily used for heavy lifting. At its core is a substance that appears to be a Xen crystal. Introduced to the player by Alyx Vance shortly after arrival at Black Mesa East, the Gravity Gun soon becomes an invaluable tool in Gordon Freeman's arsenal and is considered one of his trademark weapons.


Over 1 in 7 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer at some point in their lifetime. Despite this only 1 in 15 of these men will die from prostate cancer, and 98.9% of patients will survive over 5 years1. Most men with prostate cancer die with rather than of the disease. The graphic on the left2 shows the impact that prostate cancer screening has on diagnosis.
These disparities can be attributed to a number of factors, including race, PSA screening, lifestyle habits, and access to healthcare. PSA screening has caused an increase in prostate cancer diagnosis, due to the low specificity of PSA as a prostate cancer marker3. This has led to many men being over diagnosed and overtreated. Being able to distinguish indolent prostate cancer from aggressive more serious disease is the key issue facing clinicians today.
Active surveillance has shown to be an effective management technique for low-risk prostate cancer, with up to 100% cancer-free survival after 10 years4. Earlier diagnosis of aggressive prostate cancer will also help patients receive the most appropriate course of treatment for them. OCProDx is the only test that measures biological features of the actual prostate tumour. By measuring and tracking the tumours potential to extend outside of the prostate, disease progression can be tracked independent of the need for biopsy.
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. Annals of Internal Medicine 2012.
Preston, Mark A., et al. "Active surveillance for low-risk prostate cancer: Need for intervention and survival at 10 years." Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations. Vol. 33. No. 9. Elsevier, 2015.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The Balkans open the box with much more affordable choices for the summer break. And even if Golden Sands, Bulgaria holidays are said to be more expensive than other seashore resorts in the country, the whole pack would be a lot cheaper for any Brit comparing it to Ibiza or Chia, for example. Maybe not that luxurious like the fancy Balearic resorts but not far from the quality. Maybe not that romantic in the Italian sense but still gorgeous. And not that hard on your wallet and your bank account. Even the suitably named Hotel Admiral wouldn't cost more than 500 GBP for a week to one person and in this range are the prices of the 5-star choices in Zlatni Pyasatsi. Of course, booking Golden Sands holiday may worth substantially lower amount of money and here is where you can find the best deals for the summer.
Being located on the northern Bulgarian coastline, you might hear voices telling that it is colder in the region. Well, while the season is really shorter than in Sunny Beach or Sozopol, in Bulgaria Golden Sands is still among the places to welcome the beach lovers with great conditions for at least three months and longer if the weather gives you a smile. The average July and August temperatures reach out to about 23-24 degrees but in the middle of the day, the Celsius scale might show 30 or even 35. So booking a suite Golden Sands, Bulgaria hotels anytime between late-May up to mid-September will give a great chance for a wonderful vacation.
What has been said about the weather, relates to the quality and warmth of the salty water next to the beach. The temperature on the Western Black Sea coastline reaches highest levels in July and August, in the figures regarding the Golden Sands beach Bulgaria has somewhat of the average picture. Above 20 degrees in June and early September, up to 24-25 in the middle of the season – perfect for relaxation and fun. The safe zone where everyone's allowed in a good weather and a green flag is about 20 meters or more in the water. But always pay attention to the cautions of bottom drops because such occur here and there on limited strips of the beach. In a case of strong wind and high waves, which occur rarely in that shore, in Bulgaria Golden Sands hotels for the majority provide enclosed pools to the guests.
There is no reason to feel bored at Golden Sands, Bulgaria except when the weather pushes you to stay in the hotel all day long. But as been said already – that's largely unlikely to happen. The good time on the beach isn't limited only to swimming and sunbathing. Scuba diving, windsurfing and riding the banana boat add to the list of activities available on the water. Plenty of places to enjoy your Golden Sands holiday wait for you on the solid ground, being it the go-kart racing or the off-road challenge. A quick walk will be enough to stumble on about half-dozen ways to have a great time – from the old-fashioned rollercoasters to modern zones of entertainment.
What you eat is as essential as where you sleep during the summer vacation. Some people prefer to stick with the food they've been used too in their own country. Other love to taste the local meal and flavors. Choosing the holidays to Golden Sands Bulgaria promise to give you both types of options. Bulgarian dishes blend mix from different Balkan originated specialties and have borrowed a lot of recipes from Turkish, Greek or Serbian cooks. Like most of the all-inclusive types in Bulgaria Golden Sands hotels will offer a standard list of meals available everywhere and search for something more specific will lead you to some of the best restaurants in the area. A three-course meal would hardly exceed 10 or 15 GBP per person at Zlatni Pyasatsi.
Early to bed, early to the beach… but some would prefer to organize their daily routine or rather likely – to improvise on it. Even if not as wild and loud as Sunny Beach is in the heat of the season, in Bulgaria Golden Sands is among the resorts to offer an impressive spectrum of choices for the nightlife. At least two dozens of clubs of places work till nearly dawn – it's up to your preference if you wish to refresh outside on some of the many open bars or jump in the loud atmosphere of the disco clubs spread around the beach area.
What's been said in the previous paragraph about the great choices for a night hype regarding Golden Sands, Bulgaria shouldn't build the image of a jungle with recklessly behaving people jamming and shouting on the streets all night. The party zones are active till dawn but do not mess around with the guests preferring the firm sleep during their summer vacation.
The northern side of the Bulgarian Black Sea coast, of course. Those who prefer the southern passion might even consider going for holidays to Golden Sands, Bulgaria as a boring alternative. But for everyone else who needs a relaxation during that week on and around the beach, Zlatni Pyasatsi represents one particularly great option. One night out at the bars and the next going to sleep after dinner – both are possible. Definitely not a place for old people – Golden Sands Beach is open to all kind of tourists. Those who love the party have the discos, and those like to relax will not be disturbed.
In this sense the holidays to Golden Sands, Bulgaria present great choices for the summer break of the parents and children. The family type of vacation is often restricted by the budget limitations and Balkan Holidays can offer some of the cheapest options to reside on the beach for a group of 3 or 4 people. Have in mind that the best offers apply to 4 adults so it will be good to combine with another friendly family to save more and spend a wonderful time together.
Being a renowned summer resort for the last six decades, most of that time in Bulgaria Golden Sands also bears the fame of hosting numerous congresses and meetings of professional organizations. The hotels in the area happen to be reserved for that reason all the time and actually in a wider period starting from the first days of the spring and going to the end of the autumn.
Actually, the first area to be known as Zlatni Pyasatsi was the park enclosing the beach. 75th anniversary after the beautiful forests lying steps away from the sea was proclaimed as a special territory – Natural Park, that has to be preserved in its original condition. In Bulgaria Golden Sands turned to be the name of a seaside resort a decade later, in the 50s of the 20th century. Nowadays both areas exist in great symbiosis and a walk in the shades of the park on a hot day can be a wonderful alternative to spend a nice time during your holiday. 9 km long and little more than a kilometer wide, the park goes up more than 200 m above the sea level so climbing on the height will open a great scenery of the beach and the sea in front of you.
And is about 20 minutes away from the resort. Actually, booking your Golden Sands, Bulgaria holidays, you will land on the Varna airport. But visiting the city itself is another story. The beaches there might not be as great as those of Zlatni Pyasatsi but the seaside garden is nice for a walk and the city itself has an atmosphere and places to be seen. The cathedral is the spot to know in the center of Varna, there are several museums welcoming the guests. But undoubtedly a favorite for decades now is the city's Dolphinarium where grown-ups and their children can enjoy the tricks and the games of the dolphins and even take a picture with some of these amazing water mammals.
A monastery of Aladja, for example, is located just outside the area of the Golden Sands main area. The town of Balchik stands only half an hour away from the resort and it worth the visit. A gorgeous botanic garden and a palace built for the Romanian queen back in the 1920s (the region fell under Romanian rule for more than two decades in the last century) will charm the visitors. Cape Kaliakra and Kamen Bryag (Rocky Shore) occur to be favorite venues for campers because of the wonderful landscape. These places, however, will take about an hour ride to the north to be reached.
Booking for holidays to Golden Sands, Bulgaria is worth to do. The sea is great but there is much more to the place than the fine sands and the warm water. But reading stories and articles wouldn't convince you as much as spending a week or more on the beach of one of the best Bulgarian seaside resorts.


text:
// Copyright 2013 Selenium committers
// Copyright 2013 Software Freedom Conservancy
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
//     You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

'use strict';

var assert = require('assert'),
    fs = require('fs'),
    path = require('path');

var projectRootDir = path.join(__dirname, '../../../..');

var modulePath = path.join('javascript', 'node');
if (process.env['SELENIUM_TEST_PROD'] === '1') {
  modulePath = path.join('build', modulePath);
  assert.ok(fs.existsSync(path.join(modulePath, 'selenium-webdriver')),
      'Running with SELENIUM_TEST_PROD=1, but cannot find\n' +
      'selenium-webdriver in build directory. Please run\n  ' +
      (process.platform === 'win32' ? 'go.bat' : 'go') +
      ' //javascript/node:selenium-webdriver');
}
modulePath = path.join(projectRootDir, modulePath);

// PUBLIC API

/**
 * Updates the search path for the given module to load the selenium-webdriver
 * module based on the current environment. By default, loads the module from
 * the current Selenium client's source tree. If the
 * {@code process.env.SELENIUM_TEST_PROD === '1'}, selenium-webdriver will be
 * loaded from the build outputs directory.
 *
 * @param {!Module} module The module to update.
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module.exports = function(module) {
  module.paths.unshift(modulePath);
};


text:
Kaduagung Timur is een bestuurslaag in het regentschap Lebak van de provincie Banten, Indonesië. Kaduagung Timur telt 7630 inwoners (volkstelling 2010).

Plaats in Banten


How fun is this organizer?!
The organizer will fit through its neutral color in many decors or bedrooms.
The organizer has 5 different formats of pockets, each with their own playful and original drawing.
The organizer can easily be attached to a nursing table, a bed or playpen.
A pretty must-have to easily store your baby's items or toys.


KXAN did a fair minded piece but left out important details about Mark LIttlefield.
This otherwise fair-minded piece that ran last night on KXAN, missed a big beat on LIttlefield's history with petitions.
For the record, Littlefield himself, was allegedly involved in fraudulent signatures filed in Hays County. Highly respected independent journalist and now deceased, Charles O'Dell, of the Hays County Roundup, followed this closely. In 2009, after years of trying to open this case to the light of day, O'Dell reported the case just disappeared into thin air.
What is happening TO the soccer "sucker" stadium petition drive is far too similar, so LIttlefield's involvement is no surprise. Last August, the Mayor and City Council voted to relinquish their duty to review and vote on the contract themselves, leaving it to the City Manager. We'll soon see what cmes out of the secret negotiations, but it will involve $100s of millions in property tax exemptions.
Meanwhile, the Mayor and his stone-cold majority remain silent as Littlefield is on the loose, just following the Mayor's campaign sweep.
You can do your volunteer part to get more signatures!
Find the petition, petition instructions, frequently asked questions and explanation on this page.
There is a lot more to say about the conduct of others in what just took place in the Austin city election.
More soon, y'all. Keep supporting us. We're your democracy defenders, not destroyers.
Suppressing the Truth: wax indignant, aka "how dare you"? call the skeptics names, i.e. nuts, conspiracy theorists, crackpot, hater, anti-progressive, etc.; inpugn motives; change the subject – this technique includes creating and/or publicizing distractions; their job is to pre-empt real opponents; don't the authorities have enough power in championing their causes in all the newspapers, magazines, radio and TV?
Here's how you can fight on, dear Austin!
MORE BEFORE POLLS CLOSE ON TUESDAY at 7 PM.
►Volunteer for any of the candidates who scored well on our questionnaire.
As for Tuesday night, we'll have a "Boot Adler Caravan" going around to visit with the candidates who scored well on our questionnaire.
Want to join us or have us come visit? Let us hear from you.
Watch the Fox7 story, posted Tuesday, October 30th.
I want apologize to you directly for IndyAustin's error in using the Pepe the Frog image on an ad opposing your election. I do understand how this can be interpreted and ask you to accept that this was not at all intended to malign you or any group of people. We do not condone hate speech in any form.
You may have read that we found the clip on the internet that seemed to fit our "shell game" ad opposing your Soccer Stadium proposal, and did not realize the offense that would be taken to that image. The Anti-Defamation League also states that not all uses of "Pepe the Frog" are racist, but we do understand your concern, especially at this moment, which is why we pulled the ad.
We rightfully oppose your re-election, but there is nothing in the hearts and minds of the people of IndyAustin that promotes, condones, or believes in bigotry in any form. We hate it as much as you do.
This fair-minded KXAN Report was just after we issued our apology.
It was just brought to our attention this morning that an image in our recent 1-minute video "Steve Adler's Shell Game", Pepe the Frog, was expropriated by the Alt-Right.
Unfortunately, Pepe, originated in a comic by Matt Furie called "Boys Club," had no say in the matter and this was our error.
The Anti-Defamation League added certain incarnations of Pepe the Frog to their database of hate symbols in 2016, adding that not all Pepe memes are racist. Since then, Pepe's creator has publicly expressed his dismay at Pepe being used as a hate symbol.
We at IndyAustin have no use for hate speech.
We honestly thought it was a cartoon of a pea smoking a cigar — taken from an video online — not ours.
We have changed the video without this image.
Watch Mayor Steve Adler's city hall hide $100s of millions in property tax exemptions for a rushed soccer "sucker" stadium.
Our main number is 512.535.0989 or email us at contact@indyaustin.org.
Are you clear yet on Steve Adler's Shell Game?
Is the Mayor losing confidence so badly he has to run a full page ad in the Chronicle fabricating attacks on IndyAustin?
Is he really claiming with a straight face that IndyAustin is doing "dark money"? But wait, then Adler actually tells you just where $55,000 out-of-state donations to IndyAustin came from. Might you then ask how he knows this information if we didn't disclose it? That's the definition of dark money, folks.
Watch this 1-minute video to see plainly what the Mayor is hiding.
Then, share away, dear Austin!
Also, be sure to sign the petition for your right to stop the Sucker Stadium subsidies. Look for our petitioners at the early polls OR print the petition or order one mailed to you. Obviously, part of our ask is also to give Adler the Boot!
Early polls are open through a week from today, November 2.
Not sure how else to vote in this city election? Mayoral candidates, progressive Laura Morrison aced our questionnaire, and conservative Todd Phelps did well. Visit our scorecards here. Be sure to click through to our page at Informed.vote. IndyAustin participated in Informed Vote's new platform. It really is informative on the city races.
Thanks to Adler's shell game now Prop K becomes imperative too.
That the Mayor is playing such games on dark money, you really should vote Yes on Prop K for a city audit. Though it's true that the the Prop K campaign didn't report their donors for their petition drive, they are now. And, even the City Auditor said a second set of eyes on the City Budget is a good idea. We think so too.
Here's the Steve Adler Attack Ad on IndyAustin. We're happy to answer any and all claims made by the Mayor. We also hope he didn't pay his consultant much for this.
Feel free to dialogue with us on our Facebook page here or website comments for this blog. Just keep it clean and not mean.
Don't forget to take a look at our copiously documented claim about Steve Adler's Land Empire here.


text:
Guyana–Yugoslavia relations were historical foreign relations between Guyana and now split-up Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Yugoslavia developed diplomatic interest in Guyana as a part of its prominent and active involvement in the Non-Aligned Movement. As a European and Mediterranean country and the founding member of the Non-Aligned Movement Yugoslavia was suspicious of Cuban Tricontinental (African-Asian-Latin American) proposals and emphases within the movement which Belgrade perceived as indirect Soviet efforts to undermine Yugoslavia. Guyana was perceived as an alternative voice in Latin America while the country itself perceived the Non-Aligned Movement as an opportunity for foreign policy affirmation.

Two countries developed various forms of cooperation which never turned into significant economic links. Guyana People's Militia of the Guyana Defence Force was modeled on a similar institutions developed by the Yugoslav People's Army. After the breakup of Yugoslavia Guyana's judge Mohamed Shahabuddeen has been thrice elected as a permanent judge of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia. Since there was no one single successor state of Yugoslavia all former republics participated in succession in which Slovenia got the building of the former Yugoslavia's embassy in Georgetown.

History
Between 1 and 4 February 1971 Prime Minister of Guyana Forbes Burnham was invited to Yugoslavia by Mitja Ribičić during which he also met President of Yugoslavia Josip Broz Tito. At the same time Shridath Ramphal and Mirko Tepavac signed an agreement on technical cooperation which enabled citizens of Guyana to receive scholarships in Yugoslavia.

In 5–8 March 1974 Guyana and Yugoslavia, together with Australia, Guinea, Jamaica, Sierra Leone and Suriname signed Agreement Establishing the International Bauxite Association. On 12 December 1974 Guyana and Yugoslavia, together with Algeria and Tanzania following the report of the International Civil Service Advisory Board jointly proposed a draft resolution to increase salaries and allowances within the United Nations salary framework.

See also
Yugoslavia and the Non-Aligned Movement
Death and state funeral of Josip Broz Tito

References

Guyana–Yugoslavia relations
Guyana
Yugoslavia
Guyana–Serbia relations


text:
Hero's Journey is what's driving the yoga retreat market
Teaching July 29, 2022
Click on the link below if you want to hear the podcast instead.
I want to talk about the underlying psychology that's fueling the growth in the yoga retreat business. It's actually important to understand from 100,000 feet. The best reason I have found for why this is a billion dollar industry comes from Joseph Campbell and his books on Mythology. The one that I'm reading; Hero With A Thousand Faces talks about what's called Hero's Journey.
I summarize this in 6 steps
The yearning for change
The Guide aka you
People go on yoga retreats because they yearn for positive change. And yoga retreats deliver the goods. There is a method to it. The closer you follow the method, the greater impact and success you'll have.
Hero's journey shows up in many familiar stories. You see it with Moses in the Bible. Arjuna and Shri Krishna in Bhagavad Gita. Odysseus in The Odyssey. The producer George Lucas followed this idea when he wrote Star Wars. Most of the Disney films, like Moana, also follow a similar story.
In each example you find a person who is weak and strives for something more. They're looking for transformation and they travel somewhere new. This is the reason people go on yoga retreats. They're looking for some greater version of themselves. Through this psychology, you can build stronger schedules and create more peak experiences for people.
So, the first step is; seeing our clients are yearning for change. They feel a need for deeper transformation. There's a longing for something more.
The second step the hero faces is adversity. In the examples above, Arjuna must decide to fight. Moses needs to part the Red Sea. Moana faces a struggle getting off the island. In the real world, people like fitness and yoga because it's challenging. They like going to new places because of the adversity and newness of it.
If the hero overcomes adversity, then they go through transformation.This is step 3. So, when you're putting together your yoga retreats, it's important to have challenging moments. That's why I do things like hot yoga, ice baths, cave meditations, and encourage people to speak to the group. That challenge puts people through a positive change. So, I'm looking to get people to do hand standing or deeper back-bending too. If they can't do it, then I'm looking to cultivate humility and dedication.
So, a hero's journey can both be getting people to go deeper, stronger, faster and harder. You can also get them to do less, relax, and find moments of peace and love.
Step 4 in hero's journey is meeting the guide. With Moses, he found God. Arjuna spoke to his guru Shri Krishna. Moana is a modern twist in that she both taught and learned from the demigod Maui. In Star Wars, Luke meets Yoda.
In the yoga retreat, the role of guide is your job. You do that by curating a schedule and building workshops that have changed you. Suppose, you've been to a new restaurant, a new yoga studio, a new beach, a new waterfall, or you climbed a certain mountain. The part of the hero's journey is to be able to bring that next group of seekers up to a new level.
The new guide doesn't only have to be you. In fact, I would encourage you to cultivate a team of guides that could be massage therapists, great chefs, the retreat leader managers or the staff. Generally, my best retreats do not revolve around me. It's about me curating awesome people support them through their journey.
If you travel far and speak new words, meet new people and eat new foods this helps form a new identity. Maybe they were stuck in depression, loneliness, sadness and are now changing. This is step 5. It's called rebirth.
The last step of the hero's journey is they've got to go home as a better version of themselves. This is important because you never want people going back to their old ways. So a part of your responsibility is to give them the habits, routines and ideas to change their home life. That's why Arjuna reclaims his kingdom. Odysseus returns home. Moses takes his people to the promised land. Moan restores the heart of Tafiti and restores the greatness of her homeland.
When you think about leading a yoga retreat as being part of a hero's journey, you will deliver more impact, power and energy to your clients. And this is what this whole game is about.
The reason these stories keep getting recycled from the past is because they represent us. Tune into this power, and your impact will be even greater.
hargobind
Teacher of kundalini, vinyasa, sculpt, bikram, pilates and more. Or as my father would say, average at many things. Learn more at hargobind.net/about
Yoga retreat schedules change lives
Trusting big time, knowing why you're there and when to get out
Sell to people that don't know you
Webinars to keep your community together
© Copyright 2023 Hargobind. All rights reserved.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Today I'm featuring the opening paragraph and a teaser from The Visitors by Patrick O'Keeffe.
Seven years ago, near the end of July 2000, was the first time he appeared at the screen door. Two weeks earlier I passed him on a sidewalk three streets over, and the week before, he was sitting beside the homeless on their bench outside the post office, and two nights before, I saw him on Main Street. A street festival was ending. I was out for a walk. He was staring into a brimming trash can, and his face was closed to its mouth.
The opening lines make me curious about the narrator and the person he is describing. I'll definitely be reading on to satisfy my curiosity.
First Chapter ~ First Paragraph #68 and Teaser Tuesdays was originally published by Catherine for bookclublibrarian.com. This post cannot be republished without attribution.


500 dignitaries including members of parliament, senior officers from state & central government line agencies and representatives of local administrations & corporate sectors from all over India attended a national workshop on good practices in Bhopal. AFARMs approaches to combat poverty of small farmers have been included in the "Compendium of Good Practices" released by the Ministry of Rural Development, Govt. of India. Mr. Chaudhary Berender Singh, Minister for Rural Development, handed over an award to Mr. Subhash Tamboli, Executive Director of AFARM, on 24th September 2015.
Organizing target groups in people-organizations depending upon their core interests and activities such as linking with major stakeholders through participatory processes and empowering them to evolve into organizations of the poor.
Handholding and troubleshooting support to people's organizations for sustaining their groups and linking them with the long term objectives, Govt. line agencies & other resource organizations to ensure that CBOs mobilize funds for the livelihood development of its members.
Persuading to farmers to adopt package of practices of LEISA (Low External Inputs Sustainable Agriculture) farming technics (through on-field demonstrations & trials, farmer trainings & workshops, exposure visits, farmers field schools, livelihoods literacy classes for women) in lieu of over dependence on expensive external inputs adopted by them leading to agrarian crises.
Increasing cropping intensity and crop productivity through soil moisture conservation measures, rain water harvesting and promotion of micro irrigation systems.
Creating and improving access to small producers to improved agricultural tools through community managed agricultural implements depots.
Facilitating pro-poor marketing facilities through orientation and training of producer groups and micro entrepreneurs on quality, grading, packaging, primary processing, establishing market linkages with traders and wholesalers by the producer groups and collective procurement of agricultural inputs and marketing of produce, through farmer groups.
Facilitation for convergence of Govt. schemes for the promotion of livelihoods of poor communities.
The cooperation project between "Action for Agricultural Renewal in Maharastra (AFARM)" and AWO International roots back to the year 2007. In this time period the project grew from a livelihood project introducing new technologies and organizing small farmers in social structures at local level to an advocacy and networking project at regional and state level influencing policies and contributing to knowledge exchange of more than 450 civil society organizations working in the rain-fed areas of Maharastra, India.
The experiences of the BMZ (German Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development) supported social structure project were recently up-scaled by help of an ADH (German Relief Coalition) supported Climate Change Adaptation project. In January 2015 AWO International and AFARM will utilize the good practices in a new food security project, supported by the BMZ special initiative "One World against Hunger".


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This memo describes the state of standardization of protocols used in the Internet as determined by the Internet Architecture Board (IAB). This memo is an Internet Standard. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
A discussion of the standardization process and the RFC document series is presented first, followed by an explanation of the terms. Sections 6.2 - 6.10 contain the lists of protocols in each stage of standardization. Finally are pointers to references and contacts for further information.
This memo is intended to be issued approximately quarterly; please be sure the copy you are reading is current. Current copies may be obtained from the Network Information Center (INTERNIC) or from the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) (see the contact information at the end of this memo). Do not use this edition after 1-Mar-95.
See Section 6.1 for a description of recent changes. In the official lists in sections 6.2 - 6.10, an asterisk (*) next to a protocol denotes that it is new to this document or has been moved from one protocol level to another, or differs from the previous edition of this document.
The Internet Architecture Board maintains this list of documents that define standards for the Internet protocol suite. See RFC-1601 for the charter of the IAB and RFC-1160 for an explanation of the role and organization of the IAB and its subsidiary groups, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and the Internet Research Task Force (IRTF). Each of these groups has a steering group called the IESG and IRSG, respectively. The IETF develops these standards with the goal of co-ordinating the evolution of the Internet protocols; this co-ordination has become quite important as the Internet protocols are increasingly in general commercial use. The definitive description of the Internet standards process is found in RFC-1602.
The majority of Internet protocol development and standardization activity takes place in the working groups of the IETF.
Protocols which are to become standards in the Internet go through a series of states or maturity levels (proposed standard, draft standard, and standard) involving increasing amounts of scrutiny and testing. When a protocol completes this process it is assigned a STD number (see RFC-1311). At each step, the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG) of the IETF must make a recommendation for advancement of the protocol.
To allow time for the Internet community to consider and react to standardization proposals, a minimum delay of 6 months before a proposed standard can be advanced to a draft standard and 4 months before a draft standard can be promoted to standard.
In cases where there is uncertainty as to the proper decision concerning a protocol a special review committee may be appointed consisting of experts from the IETF, IRTF and the IAB with the purpose of recommending an explicit action.
Because it is useful to document the results of early protocol research and development work, some of the RFCs document protocols which are still in an experimental condition. The protocols are designated "experimental" in this memorandum. They appear in this report as a convenience to the community and not as evidence of their standardization.
Other protocols, such as those developed by other standards organizations, or by particular vendors, may be of interest or may be recommended for use in the Internet. The specifications of such protocols may be published as RFCs for the convenience of the Internet community. These protocols are labeled "informational" in this memorandum.
In addition to the working groups of the IETF, protocol development and experimentation may take place as a result of the work of the research groups of the Internet Research Task Force, or the work of other individuals interested in Internet protocol development. The the documentation of such experimental work in the RFC series is encouraged, but none of this work is considered to be on the track for standardization until the IESG has made a recommendation to advance the protocol to the proposed standard state.
A few protocols have achieved widespread implementation without the approval of the IESG. For example, some vendor protocols have become very important to the Internet community even though they have not been recommended by the IESG. However, the IAB strongly recommends that the standards process be used in the evolution of the protocol suite to maximize interoperability (and to prevent incompatible protocol requirements from arising). The use of the terms "standard", "draft standard", and "proposed standard" are reserved in any RFC or other publication of Internet protocols to only those protocols which the IESG has approved.
In addition to a state (like "Proposed Standard"), a protocol is also assigned a status, or requirement level, in this document. The possible requirement levels ("Required", "Recommended", "Elective", "Limited Use", and "Not Recommended") are defined in Section 4.2. When a protocol is on the standards track, that is in the proposed standard, draft standard, or standard state (see Section 5), the status shown in Section 6 is the current status.
gateways, routers, terminal servers, workstations, and multi-user hosts. The requirement level shown in this document is only a one word label, which may not be sufficient to characterize the implementation requirements for a protocol in all situations. For some protocols, this document contains an additional status paragraph (an applicability statement). In addition, more detailed status information may be contained in separate requirements documents (see Section 3).
Anyone can submit a document for publication as an RFC. Submissions must be made via electronic mail to the RFC Editor (see the contact information at the end of this memo, and see RFC 1543).
The RFC series comprises a wide range of documents, ranging from informational documents of general interests to specifications of standard Internet protocols. In cases where submission is intended to document a proposed standard, draft standard, or standard protocol, the RFC Editor will publish the document only with the approval of the IESG. For documents describing experimental work, the RFC Editor will notify the IESG before publication, allowing for the possibility of review by the relevant IETF working group or IRTF research group and provide those comments to the author. See Section 5.1 for more detail.
Once a document is assigned an RFC number and published, that RFC is never revised or re-issued with the same number. There is never a question of having the most recent version of a particular RFC. However, a protocol (such as File Transfer Protocol (FTP)) may be improved and re-documented many times in several different RFCs. It is important to verify that you have the most recent RFC on a particular protocol. This "Internet Official Protocol Standards"
memo is the reference for determining the correct RFC for the current specification of each protocol.
The RFCs are available from the INTERNIC, and a number of other sites. For more information about obtaining RFCs, see Sections 7.4 and 7.5.
There are three other reference documents of interest in checking the current status of protocol specifications and standardization. These are the Assigned Numbers, the Gateway Requirements, and the Host Requirements. Note that these documents are revised and updated at different times; in case of differences between these documents, the most recent must prevail.
Also, one should be aware of the MIL-STD publications on IP, TCP, Telnet, FTP, and SMTP. These are described in Section 3.4.
The "Assigned Numbers" document lists the assigned values of the parameters used in the various protocols. For example, IP protocol codes, TCP port numbers, Telnet Option Codes, ARP hardware types, and Terminal Type names. Assigned Numbers was most recently issued as RFC-1700.
This pair of documents reviews and updates the specifications that apply to hosts, and it supplies guidance and clarification for any ambiguities. Host Requirements was issued as RFC-1122 and RFC-1123.
The Internet and the DoD MIL-STD specifications for the FTP, SMTP, and Telnet protocols are essentially the same documents (RFCs 765, 821, 854). The MIL-STD versions have been edited slightly. Note that the current Internet specification for FTP is RFC-959 (as modified by RFC-1123).
Note that these MIL-STD are now somewhat out of date. The Gateway Requirements (RFC-1009) and Host Requirements (RFC-1122, RFC-1123) take precedence over both earlier RFCs and the MIL-STDs.
These documents are available from the Naval Publications and Forms Center. Requests can be initiated by telephone, telegraph, or mail; however, it is preferred that private industry use form DD1425, if possible.
"informational" or "historic". The second is the "requirement level" or STATUS of this protocol, one of "required", "recommended", "elective", "limited use", or "not recommended".
The status or requirement level is difficult to portray in a one word label. These status labels should be considered only as an indication, and a further description, or applicability statement, should be consulted.
When a protocol is advanced to proposed standard or draft standard, it is labeled with a current status.
At any given time a protocol occupies a cell of the following matrix. Protocols are likely to be in cells in about the following proportions (indicated by the relative number of Xs). A new protocol is most likely to start in the (proposed standard, elective) cell, or the (experimental, not recommended) cell.
Every protocol listed in this document is assigned to a "maturity level" or STATE of standardization: "standard", "draft standard", "proposed standard", "experimental", or "historic".
The IESG has established this as an official standard protocol for the Internet. These protocols are assigned STD numbers (see RFC- 1311). These are separated into two groups: (1) IP protocol and above, protocols that apply to the whole Internet; and (2) network-specific protocols, generally specifications of how to do IP on particular types of networks.
The IESG is actively considering this protocol as a possible Standard Protocol. Substantial and widespread testing and comment are desired. Comments and test results should be submitted to the IESG. There is a possibility that changes will be made in a Draft Standard Protocol before it becomes a Standard Protocol.
These are protocol proposals that may be considered by the IESG for standardization in the future. Implementation and testing by several groups is desirable. Revision of the protocol specification is likely.
Protocols developed by other standard organizations, or vendors, or that are for other reasons outside the purview of the IESG, may be published as RFCs for the convenience of the Internet community as informational protocols.
This document lists a "requirement level" or STATUS for each protocol. The status is one of "required", "recommended", "elective", "limited use", or "not recommended".
This section discusses in more detail the procedures used by the RFC Editor and the IESG in making decisions about the labeling and publishing of protocols as standards.
Here is the current decision table for processing submissions by the RFC Editor. The processing depends on who submitted it, and the status they want it to have.
(2) Bogus. Inform the source of the rules. RFCs specifying Standard, or Draft Standard must come from the IESG, only.
(3) Refer to an Area Director for review by a WG. Expect to see the document again only after approval by the IESG.
(4) Notify both the IESG and IRSG. If no concerns are raised in two weeks then do Discretion (5), else RFC Editor to resolve the concerns or do Refer (3).
(5) RFC Editor's discretion. The RFC Editor decides if a review is needed and if so by whom. RFC Editor decides to publish or not.
The IESG has designated the IESG Secretary as its agent for forwarding documents with IESG approval and for registering concerns in response to notifications (4) to the RFC Editor. Documents from Area Directors or Working Group Chairs may be considered in the same way as documents from "other".
There is a part of the STATUS and STATE categorization that is called the standards track. Actually, only the changes of state are significant to the progression along the standards track, though the status assignments may change as well.
The states illustrated by single line boxes are temporary states, those illustrated by double line boxes are long term states. A protocol will normally be expected to remain in a temporary state for several months (minimum six months for proposed standard, minimum four months for draft standard). A protocol may be in a long term state for many years.
A protocol may enter the standards track only on the recommendation of the IESG; and may move from one state to another along the track only on the recommendation of the IESG. That is, it takes action by the IESG to either start a protocol on the track or to move it along.
Generally, as the protocol enters the standards track a decision is made as to the eventual STATUS, requirement level or applicability (elective, recommended, or required) the protocol will have, although a somewhat less stringent current status may be assigned, and it then is placed in the the proposed standard STATE with that status. So the initial placement of a protocol is into state 1. At any time the STATUS decision may be revisited.
The transition from proposed standard (1) to draft standard (2) can only be by action of the IESG and only after the protocol has been proposed standard (1) for at least six months.
The transition from draft standard (2) to standard (3) can only be by action of the IESG and only after the protocol has been draft standard (2) for at least four months.
Occasionally, the decision may be that the protocol is not ready for standardization and will be assigned to the experimental state (4). This is off the standards track, and the protocol may be resubmitted to enter the standards track after further work. There are other paths into the experimental and historic states that do not involve IESG action.
Sometimes one protocol is replaced by another and thus becomes historic, or it may happen that a protocol on the standards track is in a sense overtaken by another protocol (or other events) and becomes historic (state 5).
1719 - Not yet issued.
A status report on the parameters (i.e., numbers and keywords) used in protocols in the Internet community.
1699 - Not yet issued.
IGMP -- The Internet Architecture Board intends to move towards general adoption of IP multicasting, as a more efficient solution than broadcasting for many applications. The host interface has been standardized in RFC-1112; however, multicast-routing gateways are in the experimental stage and are not widely available. An Internet host should support all of RFC-1112, except for the IGMP protocol itself which is optional; see RFC-1122 for more details. Even without IGMP, implementation of RFC-1112 will provide an important advance: IP-layer access to local network multicast addressing. It is expected that IGMP will become recommended for all hosts and gateways at some future date.
SMI, MIB-II SNMP -- The Internet Architecture Board recommends that all IP and TCP implementations be network manageable. At the current time, this implies implementation of the Internet MIB-II (RFC-1213), and at least the recommended management protocol SNMP (RFC-1157).
PPP -- Point to Point Protocol is a method of sending IP over serial lines, which are a type of physical network. It is anticipated that PPP will be advanced to the network-specifics standard protocol state in the future.
state or status of protocols. This subsection is for information only.
process of being replaced. This process may take a year or two.
Please send your comments about this list of protocols and especially about the Draft Standard Protocols to the Internet Architecture Board care of Abel Winerib, IAB Executive Director.
The protocol standards are managed by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority.
Please refer to the document "Assigned Numbers" (RFC-1700) for further information about the status of protocol documents. There are two documents that summarize the requirements for host and gateways in the Internet, "Host Requirements" (RFC-1122 and RFC-1123) and "Gateway Requirements" (RFC-1009).
The file "in-notes/std/std1.txt" may be copied via FTP from the FTP.ISI.EDU computer using the FTP username "anonymous" and FTP password "guest".
RFC's may be obtained from DS.INTERNIC.NET via FTP, WAIS, and electronic mail. Through FTP, RFC's are stored as rfc/rfcnnnn.txt or rfc/rfcnnnn.ps where 'nnnn' is the RFC number. Login as "anonymous" and provide your e-mail address as the password. Through WAIS, you may use either your local WAIS client or telnet to DS.INTERNIC.NET and login as "wais" (no password required) to access a WAIS client. Help information and a tutorial for using WAIS are available online. The WAIS database to search is "rfcs".
now available via Gopher. All our collections are WAIS indexed and can be searched from the Gopher menu.
To access the InterNIC Gopher Servers, please connect to "internic.net" port 70.


text:
Do You Know How Private Your DNA Data Is?
By Katie Cammarata
Law enforcement used a genealogy site to help identify a suspect in the Golden State Killer case, and that has people worried about their privacy.
Law enforcement used a program called GEDmatch and discarded DNA to help identify a suspect in the Golden State Killer case. And that's raising concerns about how private DNA data collected from at-home tests actually is.
GEDmatch comes right out with it, saying in a statement that while the database is intended for genealogical research, "it is important that GEDmatch participants understand the possible uses of their DNA, including identification of relatives that have committed crimes or were victims of crimes."
Related Story How Much Should You Trust Your DNA Test?
Only registered users have access to that information, but anyone can make an account — all you need is a name, email address and password.
GEDmatch also said it doesn't show anyone's DNA on the site but that it does show "manipulations of data such as DNA matches."
DNA home-testing company 23andMe said its policy is to "resist" law enforcement inquiries in order to protect users' privacy but that it would abide by subpoenas and warrants if necessary.
Even though DNA testing is becoming more popular, Jeremy Gruber, former president of the nonprofit Council for Responsible Genetics, told CNN privacy laws haven't "caught up with some of the new uses of personal information."


Today is Day 2 of creating my own art website. I must say, I am finding it difficult. I so far have only uploaded one woodcut print. I seriously feel pulled in two directions, to actually make some art or make this web site. Either way, both are very time consuming.
Worked on a woodcut print today briefly and will upload work so far tomorrow hopefully. I wish I could give you more. But at this stage, inbetween trying to set this site up and trying to get Christmas together, its a difficult task. Missed the "Peninsula Printmakers" second meeting today. Looks like they are moving forward to get a printmaking group started up. There is a group of 6 of us. I will post you the link to the Groups Facebook page and if you wish to join , please do so.


Enjoy a lovely evening, delicious cuisine, and fellowship with NAWBO Orlando's Members, Sponsors, and Affiliate Partners at the beautiful downtown Citrus Club. We will celebrate the induction of our Board of Directors, honor our sponsors and share the powerful vision for our chapter! Bring your spouse or friend.


text:
Emerging Markets Middle East and Africa
Banking: Turkish delight less sweet
Nick Lord
Published on: Thursday, November 03, 2011
Turkish banks are feeling the global squeeze in bank funding, having been immune to recent problems facing other EMEA issuers. But concerns in Europe are now being felt as the banks refinance their annual syndicated loans. Nick Lord reports from Istanbul.
RELATIONSHIPS MATTER IN Turkish banking, arguably more so than in any other EMEA market. For years, Turkey's banks have been able to rely on the strong relationships built with banks around the world to finance their one-year syndicated loans.
These loans are euro- and dollar-denominated trade-finance related facilities, and until this summer, they have generally increased in size and in the number of participating banks. Most of Turkey's big banks undertake two of these a year – one in the March to May slot and one in late summer to autumn. Moreover, the all-in costs have been steadily coming down: from the summer of 2010 to the summer of 2011 alone they fell by 50 basis points to a level of 100bp over Libor.
But that process is now in reverse. In recent deals fewer banks have come into the syndicates, the overall size of the facilities has stopped increasing (and in some cases has come down) and the price is now starting to edge up. And much of this has to do with the problems of the wider European bank funding environment. As much as Turkey might wish it, the country is not an island.
DenizBank is in the market looking to refinance a $650 million dual-tranche facility that it signed in October 2010. That facility was priced at 130bp over Libor/Euribor and came from 30 separate banks. At the time of going to press, it looked as if DenizBank might have to take a smaller amount from a smaller bank group, even if it can maintain its 130bp all-in pricing.
At 130bp, it will be 30bp wider than the most recent Turkish bank deals. This represents the uncertainty premium attached to DenizBank's parent, the troubled Franco-Belgian municipal finance bank Dexia. The fact that the market is demanding a premium despite DenizBank's ultimate parent now being two sovereign states shows that the market for loans is in an unforgiving mood.
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Once DenizBank completes, all of the big lenders – apart from Garanti – will have managed to roll over their annual loans. Since August, the funding market has become more difficult, even for banks not enduring the bankruptcy of their parent. All eyes are now on the refinancing of Garanti. In May, Garanti's refinancing kept to the trend of increased amount and size of the syndicate.
Finansbank, owned by National Bank of Greece, also showed how difficult raising new money is in this market. In November 2010 it signed a $799 million syndication with a group of lenders led by Standard Chartered. It cleverly also secured a one-year extension option on that loan. At the end of October 2011, the bank called that option and secured a further year of funding rather than having to go out and secure a refinancing of that debt.
A €1 billion facility from 43 banks at 110bp all-in cost replaced a €700 million facility from 22 banks at a cost of 150bp. But in November, it has to secure a refinancing of a $1 billion facility from 49 banks priced at 120bp. It will be a test of Turkish bank strength if it can match that deal, let alone improve on it. Sources close to the bank say it is adamant that it does not want to price wider than the 100bp benchmark set by its arch-rivals Akbank and Isbank.
"Turkey is the last country to complain about the funding environment but we are not immune. It will be much more difficult from now on"
Tolga Egemen, Garanti
But officials within the bank admit that the environment is now more difficult than it was even two months ago. "Turkey is the last country to complain about the funding environment but we are not immune," says Tolga Egemen, executive vice-president of Garanti in Istanbul. "It will be much more difficult from now on."
The market is looking closely at what strategy Garanti will pursue to secure its funding. It is likely that it will push hard to maintain the current 100bp all-in cost level that has been secured by its peers. This could result in the number of banks in the syndicate going down. Garanti will also seek to maintain the size of $1 billion, but with a reduced syndicate, which means larger ticket sizes. This is what other banks have done – with Isbank, for instance, increasing its top-level ticket size from $40 million to $55 million in its summer rollover.
For Egemen, this is a positive. "We will renew with the same size but the scale-backs will be less than usual," he says. "There is capacity available for us with open lines. We were never greedy in the good times and we gave scale-backs to lenders. This will be rewarded in the bad times."
Even over the summer rollover period, it was clear that Turkey was not escaping the tightening of the market. For instance, state-owned lender Vakif Bank at the beginning of September refinanced its facility with a slight reduction in the number of participating banks from 30 to 26, even though it managed to increase the overall size of the facility by 1.06 times from $710 million to $756 million equivalent. The latest deals consisted of a $145 million tranche and a €433 million tranche.
Yapi Kredi – one of Turkey's big four banks, which is just over 40% owned by Italy's UniCredit – has also felt the pressure. On September 30, it refinanced its 2010 facility comprising $342.5 million and €670 million. According to its latest notification to the banking authorities, its 2011 deal achieved a 100% rollover rate in terms of participating banks. In terms of size, it managed to increase the euro portion slightly to €687 million but reduced its dollar portion to $285 million. The new syndication comprised 42 banks from 18 countries.
Akbank has benefited from its refinancing schedule coming in earlier than others, with two annual syndications in March and August. In its March deal, it increased the size by $100 million, from $1.2 billion equivalent to $1.3 billion. There was a bigger change in its August deal. In 2010, it secured €1 billion split between a one-year tranche of €780 million and a two-year tranche of €220 million. It refinanced this facility in August with a $422 million facility and a €708 million tranche. Both were one year. However, its bank syndicate level fell from 52 banks in 2010 to 44 banks this year.
Relationship banking
Underpinning the Turkish bank syndications market is the value of the relationships with banks around the world. Turkish banks directly link participation in their syndications with the business they can hand out. Call it what you like – ancillary business, reciprocity, payback – it is a direct and clear quid pro quo, which the banks freely admit. "The syndicated loan market is a reciprocity business," says Birgul Denli, executive vice-president, international finance and investor relations, at Vakif Bank in Istanbul.
The Turkish banks have traditionally been able to offer their peers substantial amounts of business in areas such as trade finance, cash management and general treasury. As a result, the Turkish syndications are led by members of the correspondent banking teams and bring in tightly priced deals that tend to yield less than the participants' own cost of funding.
"Turkish banks, relative to most other emerging markets financial institutions, have the broadest range of ancillary business to offer their relationship banks," says David Pepper, managing director of DCM loan origination, CEEMEA, at Bank of America Merrill Lynch in London. "The wallet they can offer for this ancillary business is greater than that of other banks, thus putting them in a unique position when it comes to discussions on pricing."
This year, the Turkish banks have been greatly helped by being able to start issuing Eurobonds. In the first six months, the four large banks each issued a number of bonds. But in true Turkish style, they asked the book runners of the bonds to be arrangers of their loans. This has led to a situation where the world's largest investment banks are now mandated lead arrangers on syndicated loans for Turkish banks. Goldman Sachs, for instance, was one of the MLAs on Garanti's May euro bank syndication, despite the fact Goldman doesn't have an office in Turkey. It does, however, play a lead role in Garanti's wider financing activities.
In many ways, these global investment banks have come to the rescue of the syndications by printing large tickets that make up for the absence of the smaller banks. This accounts for how the banks have been able to increase the size of their loans with reduced numbers of banks in the syndicate. Indeed, many of these smaller banks have left the syndicates altogether. In 2006 and 2007, many Middle Eastern banking groups came into the syndicates but these have now gone. Similarly, some Asian banks started to come into the syndicates in 2009 and 2010, and these too have largely exited.
For these smaller banks, it is an issue of their cost of funds. Middle Eastern groups, for instance, have a cost of funding of Libor plus 300bp and so it makes no sense for them to come in at the primary level of Libor plus 100bp, if they cannot get the ancillary business needed to offset the cost mismatch.
A looming problem for the Turkish banks is that the Eurobond market is now, in effect, shut. If deals cannot start to be printed, then the global investment banks that have taken up the slack in the past six months might start to withdraw their support. There is a long and congested pipeline of Turkish bank Eurobond deals waiting to happen, but with market sentiment where it is and pricing levels so wide, bankers do not see many of these issues coming to market before year end. That could severely diminish the fee pool available to the syndicate banks, which will be asked to come up with another round of funding in the spring.
This will then harm the quantification of the value of their relationships with Turkish banks. Some assess the monetary value of these relationships on a rolling quarter-to-quarter basis. If no fees have been generated from their Turkish bank clients in the previous two quarters, the calls for funds at below their own cost of funds might well fall on deaf ears.
Furthermore, smaller banks that might have lines available for Turkish banks can pick up the loans in the secondary market with yields of Libor plus 325bp to 350bp, according to market sources. These positions have been sold by many of the large banks, which reduce their exposures as soon as their lock-up period expires. A 200bp to 250bp spread differential between primary and secondary pricing equates to a lot of ancillary business that just is not there at present.
"It is all about the DCM business at the moment," says a banker close to the market. "There is a huge pipeline from the Turkish banks but those deals cannot get away at the moment, so you need to pick up a lot of ancillary business to make up for that hit." Those banks that are least exposed to the DCM business and most involved in the transactional businesses, such as trade finance and cash management, have been the most committed. Standard Chartered and Wells Fargo stand out in that regard.
It is the level of reciprocal business that gives Egemen most comfort that Garanti will be able to secure the new funding at the right price, even if the ticket sizes are bigger and the bank groups are smaller. "We have always been different from our peers by our ability to renew our loans," he says. "For foreign banks, the biggest business [they have in Turkey] has always been Garanti. And this volume of reciprocal business compensates for the pricing." Egemen points to the fact that in 2008, when most other banks were only achieving 50% renewal rates, Garanti achieved 92%.
Diversification of funding sources
While the larger banks struggle with the vagaries of the international wholesale markets, they are doing so from a position of strength. Well-capitalized and highly liquid, they do not need to fund themselves in the wholesale markets to the same degree as their European cousins. Rather it is about diversifying their sources of funds. Vakif Bank, for instance, has only 9% of its funding from the wholesale markets and is looking to increase that to 11% to bring its funding level into line with its peers. Generally, around 90% of Turkish bank funds come from short-term domestic deposits.
After the Garanti deal, the loan market will go quiet for four months before the spring rollovers start again. And the Eurobond markets are likely to remain quiet as well, due to general concerns about global bank funding keeping investors on the sidelines. Turkey's banks are therefore looking to other forms of finance and it is some of Turkey's smaller banks that are leading the way when it comes to innovation.
Sekerbank is in the process of completing the most innovative bank deal of the year with the sale of Turkey's inaugural covered bond. This deal scored a global first by being the first covered bond backed by a pool of SME loans. It is the first Turkish covered bond, coming from a law originally passed in 2007.
Structured as a TL800 million ($455 million) programme, the notes can be issued in any currency, with the proceeds swapped back into Turkish lira. The first three tranches were sold in the summer to the International Finance Corporation, Dutch bilateral agency FMO and UniCredit, which was also the arranger of the deal. Sources close to the transaction say that, at the time of going to press, a further four tranches are close to being sold to the European Investment Bank, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, UniCredit again and a tranche guaranteed by the European Investment Fund, which will be bought by German development bank KfW.
The price of the bonds is between 200bp and 250bp over mid swaps. The fact that KfW needed a triple-A guarantee highlights one of the problems that Turkish banks have in the wider capital markets. The relatively low rating of Turkey does not justify such relatively tight spreads. If the Sekerbank covered bonds, or indeed other Turkish Eurobonds, are to be sold into the public market and not on the basis of bilateral banking or development bank relationships, they need to find a mechanism that bridges the gap between having an emerging market rating and developed market yield. An upgrade of the Turkish sovereign to investment-grade status would achieve this at a stroke.
Sekerbank is planning a roadshow for early next year to explain its covered bond programme to potential market investors. Zeki Onder, executive vice-president at Sekerbank in Istanbul, says a key feature of the bonds is that they can be issued in any size and any currency according to demand and whether the swap market is accommodative or not. "The more SME loans we put in the pool, the more bonds we can issue," he says. "It is a unique structure and it creates funding for us in different maturities. It has opened up a whole new ball game for all Turkish banks."
In the meantime, the banks are all looking at what they can do, not just to raise some funds but also to get the fees into the hands of their relationship banks that they will be approaching in the spring for rollovers. Diversified payment rights (what the Turkish banks call securitization) issuance is making a strong comeback in place of other forms of international borrowing.
"Banks seem to be focusing their efforts on executable products," says Muge Eksi, managing director and head of capital markets, Turkey, at UniCredit Menkul Degerler in Istanbul. "In light of current market conditions, Eurobonds are on hold and there seems to be pressure on loan spreads and deal sizes," she says. "Where banks have infrastructure set up for DPR issuance, they are benefiting from windows of opportunity to issue. Banks are also likely to actively explore new products that will allow them to access markets through the volatility, such as the Sekerbank covered bond."
In August, Yapi Kredi undertook a $410 million DPR issuance, its first since 2007. The deal was split between a €130 million series and a $225 million series, and brings the total money raised through the DPR programme to $2.7 billion. The notes are something of a hybrid between the trade finance related syndications and the straight Eurobonds. They have a five-year maturity but are backed by export receivables. They also attracted development bank support from both IFC and DEG of Germany. The deal was led by WestLB, Wells Fargo, SMBC Securities and Standard Chartered. Bankers in Istanbul confirm that other banks are looking at similar DPR deals as the year end approaches, to diversify their funding base and stay active in the international markets.
Stable funding source
"We are not going to be in the market for a syndication this year and we will continue to issue local-currency bonds as a part of our funding plan"
Alper Nalbant, Aktif Bank
Moreover, despite the troubles in the international markets, the domestic markets do offer a stable and growing source of finance for the banks, big and small alike. At one end of the scale, Isbank in October issued its latest series of domestic bonds, selling TL700 million of six-month bills with a yield of 8.13%.
At the other end, one of the pioneers of the Turkish domestic bank bond markets is Aktif Bank. This is technically an investment bank and so cannot take deposits. It relies on the domestic wholesale markets for its funding. It had plans to start issuing internationally but these have been scaled back for the time being. "We are not going to be in the market for a syndication this year and we will continue to issue local-currency bonds as a part of our funding plan," says Alper Nalbant, director of GTS at Aktif Bank in Istanbul. "We were the initiator of local-currency bonds in Turkey and many banks followed our lead in that market. Still, there is good appetite from the markets and we are willing to continue in that sense."
With these new funding sources complementing the strong growth in local deposits, Turkish banks are in no danger of following their European cousins and running out of liquidity. But they are affected by the increasing sensitivity of international banks to their own cost of funds. As a result, it will take some deft footwork for them to maintain the size and price of their rollovers. But it might also encourage them to undertake new forms of financing. This will undoubtedly be good for the long-term development of the market.


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Advanced Standing
Aging in Families & Society
Children & Youth in Families
Community & Social Systems
Interpersonal Practice
Management of Human Services
Social Policy and Evaluation
This practice area prepares students to work in health care systems and settings, including public health and health promotion programs, primary care and long-term care settings, hospitals, health-related governmental agencies, community-based health services, and health advocacy groups. Practicing in this field involves working with individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities on issues such as health promotion and disease prevention, health promotion in the workplace, health education, treatment and rehabilitation, building community partners and social support, and/or health reform promotion.
Students selecting health are required to complete the following courses, each worth three credit-hours:
SW 613 - Behavioral, Psychosocial, and Ecological Aspects of Health and Disease
SW 634 - Health Care Policies and Services
SW 699 - Social Work Practice in Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Detroit Clinical Scholars Program »
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Integrated Health Scholarship Program »
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New Leaders in African-Centered Social Work Scholars Program »
Additional Funding Opportunities »
Potential Careers
Hospital/Medical Social Worker, Health Educator, Health Promotion and Diseases Prevention Specialist, Health Reform Advocate, Employee Assistance Counselor, Program Administrator, Policy Analyst
Samuel Chamberlain
Practice Method:
Management of Health Systems
Scholarship:
School of Social Work Scholarship Fund
Sam Chamberlain left his family home in Lewiston, Maine at 15 and thus had his first contact with social services in the form of a teen transitional living program. A couple Sam knew became informal foster parents and saw him through high school, but no one addressed college with him. "In a panic I applied to one school," Sam recalls, "the University of Southern Maine. I got in, and I studied leadership. I had been an advocate for homeless youth and volunteered with AmeriCorps, with immigrant and refugee youth in Lewiston. In the process, I had fallen in love with the operational and programmatic side of social work, not knowing it was a thing I could study."
Indeed, it was.
Sam transferred to the University of Maine at Orono for a bachelor's in social work, and then decided a master's degree should be his next step. "When I searched for MSW programs," he says, "the University of Michigan stood out with regard to social work as a management tool, as opposed to programs that addressed macro social work but not what it means to be a social worker in a leadership or administrative role." Sam also had a professor at Orono, Elizabeth Armstrong, who had earned her MSW and PhD (joint with Sociology) from the U-M School of Social Work. She told him about "all the cool things happening at Michigan," as he puts it. "And she solidified that the U-M School of Social Work was the place for me."
Thanks to the School of Social Work Scholarship Fund, Sam was able to come. "As a previously homeless youth, access to higher education was difficult for me," he says. "I don't have the financial resources of my family, so I'm really thankful that the scholarship defrayed the cost of tuition. "Sam also earns money using his social work skills in an unusual way, as a bouncer at an Ann Arbor nightclub. "The skills I learned as a social worker are helpful," he points out. "I am creating a safe environment, redirecting behaviors, holding conversations with people who may need to leave. It has been interesting work to have."
Looking ahead, Sam says, "One day, I would like to play a role in the development and implementation of juvenile justice programs. I want to remain connected to the population I serve. I am definitely interested in on-the-ground work to implement programming to decrease the incarceration of juveniles."
Looking over his journey so far, Sam has a message for the generous donors who support the School of Social Work Scholarship Fund. "The gifts you give have created an amazing student experience for me," he says, "The dollars don't allow just an educational experience for one person. They change the lives of all of the people that social worker will impact during their career."
Alethia J. Battles
LEO Adjunct Lecturer & UMH Probate and Judicial Liaison
Daphne M. Brydon
Research Associate & LEO Adjunct Lecturer
In addition to her clinical interests, she is involved in research projects at UM School of Social Work, including the evaluation of the implementation and sustainability of evidence based practices within community mental health agencies in Michigan.
Linda M. Chatters
Paula Allen-Meares Collegiate Professor of Social Work, School of Social Work, Professor of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, and Faculty Associate, Research Center for Group Dynamics, ISR
Religious involvement and well-being, social support networks of adult/elderly African Americans, intergenerational family relations, families and health.
David Córdova
Assistant Professor of Social Work
Drug abuse, HIV/STI, prevention, community-based participatory research, adolescents, health disparities
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Goa BJP files police complaint against AICC Secretary
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PANAJI : The Goa BJP late on Friday filed a police complaint against AICC Secretary Girish Chodankar, accusing the latter of defaming the party earlier this week by alleging that Rs 1,000 crore was spent by the BJP in Goa to lure non-Congress MLAs to join its coalition.
The complaint, filed by state Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) President Vinay Tendulkar at the Panaji police station, said that the comments were made "most irresponsibly with deliberate and calculated intent to harm and tarnish the reputation of the BJP and its leaders".
"Needless to state there is no truth in the imputations cast by Girish Chodankar against the BJP and the aforesaid statement has been made most irresponsibly with deliberate and calculated intent to harm and tarnish the reputation of the BJP and its leaders," the complaint said.
"The false and baseless statements made by Girish Chodankar have been widely circulated through print, TV and internet media and the same has tarnished the image of the BJP in the eyes of the public at large, which has huge faith in the BJP. Furthermore the false and baseless statements are not opinions given, touching any public question nor are they made as a caution for the public good," the complaint also said.
Responding to the charge, Girish Chodankar told IANS that he would face the complaint as he had done no wrong.
"They can do whatever they want. I am willing to face them. The BJP will also have to answer why three helicopters had landed at the Goa airport soon after a senior central minister arrived in the state. What were the helicopters carrying? Crackers from Delhi?" Chodankar said.
The Congress official had levelled the allegation on Wednesday.
A police spokesperson said that the complaint was filed under sections 500 and 501 of the Indian Penal Code.
"We have filed a non-cognisable report and investigations are on. We will be summoning both accused and complainant next week," the spokesperson said.
Image Credit : Deccan Chronicle


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Dancing with the Stars Season 16 – Week 6: What a Wonder!
Jayne: This week our review will be brought to us exclusively by Hector! He's provided a great breakdown of ALL the action of the entire two nights of dancing, drama and frivolity! Thanks Hector, for taking on the full enchilada!
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