Sarcoptic mange has been identified as the most significant infectious disease affecting the Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica). Despite several studies on the effects of mange on ibex, the pathological and clinical picture derived from sarcoptic mange infestation is still poorly understood. To further knowledge of sarcoptic mange pathology, samples from ibex were evaluated from histological, microbiological and serological perspectives.
Samples of skin, non-dermal tissues and blood were collected from 54 ibex (25 experimentally infected, 15 naturally infected and 14 healthy). Skin biopsies were examined at different stages of the disease for quantitative cellular, structural and vascular changes. Sixteen different non-dermal tissues of each ibex were taken for histological study. Acetylcholinesterase and serum amyloid A protein levels were evaluated from blood samples from ibex with different lesional grade. Samples of mangy skin, suppurative lesions and internal organs were characterized microbiologically by culture. Bacterial colonies were identified by a desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry system (MALDI TOF/TOF).
The histological study of the skin lesions revealed serious acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, rete ridges, spongiotic oedema, serocellular and eosinophilic crusts, exocytosis foci, apoptotic cells and sebaceous gland hyperplasia. The cellular response in the dermis was consistent with type I and type IV hypersensitivity responses. The most prominent histological findings in non-dermal tissues were lymphoid hyperplasia, leukocytosis, congestion and the presence of amyloid deposits. The increase in serum concentrations of acetylcholinesterase and amyloid A protein correlated positively with the establishment of the inflammatory response in mangy skin and the presence of systemic amyloidosis. A wide variety of bacterial agents were isolated and the simultaneous presence of these in mangy skin, lymph nodes and internal organs such as lungs, liver, spleen and kidney was compatible with a septicaemic pattern of infection.
The alteration of biomarkers of inflammation and its implication in the pathogenesis of the disease and development of lesions in non-dermal tissues and septicaemic processes are serious conditioners for the survival of the mangy ibex. This severe clinical picture could be an important factor when considering the decision to eliminate animals that exceed a certain disease threshold from a population.
Sarcoptic mange is a highly contagious infection of the skin caused by the burrowing mite Sarcoptes scabiei that affects both humans and animals worldwide . It is responsible for epizootic disease in several wild ungulate and carnivore species [2–4]. Severe outbreaks of sarcoptic mange have been reported in the Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica), some of which have led to high mortality rates [5, 6]. Although many studies have addressed sarcoptidosis in Iberian ibex in recent last years, the pathogenicity of the infection in this host is still not yet fully understood.
Clinical signs of sarcoptic mange generally include a combination of alopecia, scaling and crusting . However, the severity and distribution of these lesions, as well as the outcome of the disease, vary between host species and individuals of the same species [1, 8]. Mild infestations often have little effect on hosts, although chronic infestations can affect fat reserves and food-conversion efficiency [9, 10]. Anemia, damage to inner organs and secondary bacterial complications may also compromise the survival of the host [11–13].
Despite the availability of wide-ranging information on the pathology of sarcoptic mange in the Iberian ibex [14–17], there are still few studies that address the pathological changes that occur in the skin and organs in mangy ibex. The objectives of this study were thus (i) to provide detailed histological descriptions of mangy skin at different stages of the disease; (ii) to assess histological changes in non-dermal organs in ibex with severe sarcoptic mange; (iii) to analyze the activity of markers of the inflammatory process and their implication in the pathogenesis of the disease; and (iv) to characterize microbiologically mangy skin and lesions as a means of identifying possible signs of secondary sepsis. To achieve these goals, we surveyed ibex that were both naturally and experimentally infected with S. scabiei.
Thirty nine Iberian ibex (C. p. hispanica) (22 males and 17 females; 1–11 years of age) were captured, 33 in the Sierra Nevada Natural Space (SNNS) (36°55′ to 37°10′N, 2°56′ to 3°38′W), and 6 in the Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas Natural Park (SCSVNP) (37°53′ to 37°88′N, 2°53′ to 2°88′W). Initial IgG levels against S. scabiei were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) developed for alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) in order to exclude ibex that had previously been in contact with the disease . Captured ibex were transferred to experimental facilities located in southern Spain (Las Mimbres, Sierra de Huétor Natural Park, 37°18′ to 37°30′N, 3°28′ to 3°47′W). They were kept in small groups (4–6 animals) in separate enclosures under observation during an eight-week acclimatization period. All ibex had ad libitum access to food and water [19, 20].
In addition, 15 naturally infested free-ranging ibex (nine males and six females; 4–9 years of age) were selectively harvested as part of a management program devoted to controlling both ibex density and the spread of sarcoptic mange in the SNNS.
All ibex were captured using a rifle and anaesthetic darts with a combination of ketamine (3 mg/kg) and xylazine (3 mg/kg) .
After an adaptation period, 25 of the 39 ibex (22 from SNNS and three from SCSVNP) were experimentally infested with S. scabiei, and the remaining 14 ibex being left to act as controls. A 2cm2 skin fragment from a naturally S. scabiei-parasitized wild ibex from the SNNS was attached with elastic bandages to the previously shaved inter-scapular region to induce contact between the mites and the host skin. In order to determine the density and therefore the number of mites infesting each ibex, the density of mites was calculated in skin pieces adjacent to those used for the infestation. In these adjacent skin samples, mites were counted with a stereomicroscope after overnight digestion in 5% KOH solutions at 40 °C  and a thermal gradient induced by a light shone from below Petri dishes with black bottoms and transparent central areas .The resulting estimated dose received by each ibex was 750 ± 440 mites.
The experimental period lasted for 150 days after infestation. Experimentally and naturally infected ibex were visually assigned to one of the following three categories defined according to the percentage of skin surface affected: healthy (mange-free ibex), mild (initial and development stages, with lesions on < 50% of the host skin surface), and severe (consolidation and chronic stages with lesions on more than 50% of the host skin surface) .
Blood samples and skin biopsies were collected at 26, 46, 103 and 150 days post-infestation (dpi). Blood samples (20 ml) were taken from each ibex (both infested and control animals) by jugular venipuncture, and kept at 4 °C in a cooling box until reaching the laboratory. Adjacent skin biopsies were taken after shaving the inter-scapular region using an 8 mm diameter punch biopsy tool (KRUUSE® Biopsy Punch, Langeskov, Denmark). In the control group, skin samples were only collected at 103 dpi. To do so, each ibex was separated into a handling crush for subsequent physical restraint (blindfolding and limb immobilization) and a local anaesthetic was administered (ANESVET®, Ovejero Lab, León, Spain). After collecting the skin samples, each animal was treated with an antiseptic spray. Each biopsy was placed into 10% neutral buffered formalin for 48–72 h, and then transferred to 60% ethanol and stored at 4 °C until histological analysis.
Nineteen of the 25 ibex experimentally infected were euthanized at 150 dpi due to their severe mange infections. Naturally infected animals (all with more than 50% of their skin surface affected) were euthanized at the time of capture. Before euthanasia, blood samples were collected from each ibex. Animals were anaesthetized by intramuscular injection with a mixture of xylazine (3 mg/kg) and ketamine (3 mg/kg), and euthanized with T-61® (embutramide 12 mg/kg, membezonium iodide 3 mg/kg, tetracaine 0.3 mg/kg).
Scabietic ibex were necropsied under strict hygienic conditions immediately after death. Gross pathologic examination was performed on all animals and organs following a standard protocol. The following samples were collected from each ibex for histological study: superficial lymph nodes (SLN) draining the mangy skin lesions (submandibular, parotid, pre-scapular, sub-scapular, inguinal, mammary and popliteal), intracavitary lymph nodes (ILN) (mediastinal, mesenteric, hepatic, renal), central nervous system, tongue, thyroid gland, skeletal muscle, heart (papillary muscle), lungs (apical, middle and caudal lobes), liver, kidney, adrenal gland, spleen, pancreas, small intestine (ileum), large intestine (colon), ovary and testicle. All samples were fixed in a similar way to the skin biopsies. For the microbiological studies, the following samples were taken and stored separately in sterile tubes: skin (especially lesions of exudative dermatitis and/or abscesses), suppurative lesions, lungs, liver, spleen and kidney.
Skin biopsies and the rest of the fixed non-dermal tissues were briefly washed with 10% phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution and embedded in paraffin wax (EI LEICA TP1020 Automatic Tissue Processor®, Barcelona, Spain). Serial 5 μm sections from all specimens were mounted on glass slides (Super-Frost, Menzel-Gläser, Braunschweig, Germany), stained with haematoxylin and eosin (HE) and analyzed by light microscopy.
Skin sections were examined for quantitative cellular, structural and vascular changes (Table 1). Epidermal changes were evaluated in three randomly selected complete microscopic cross-sections. The final value was expressed as the average of the observations of the three sections. The counts of dermal inflammatory cell infiltrations (neutrophils, plasma cells, mast cells, eosinophils and lymphocytes) were performed in five randomly selected fields at 400× magnification in one section taken from the skin. The final number of cells was expressed as an average count at 400× HPF (high-powered fields). For the rest of the organs, three randomly selected cross-sections from each tissue were evaluated at 200× magnification.
Within 24 h of collection, serum was obtained by centrifugation at 4750× g for 10 min and stored separately at -82 °C. Serum SAA concentrations (μg/ml) were quantified as the mean value of two measurements using a commercially available ELISA kit (Tridelta Phase™ range serum amyloid, A Tridelta Development Ltd., Bray, Ireland). AChE activity (μmol/ml*min) was measured using acetylthiocholine as a substrate . The method was adapted to an automatic analyzer .
In the laboratory, samples were processed in biological safety cabinets within 12 h after collection. Twenty grams of each tissue and/or pathological material was placed in a sterile airtight bag with 3 ml of sterile 10% PBS and homogenized for 5 min (Stomacher 80 Biomaster®, Lardero, Spain). An aliquot of 800 μl of the resulting homogenate was added to a sterile cryotube together with 200 μl of glycerol. The cryo tubes were stored at -20 °C until microbiological analysis.
Samples were cultured on TSA and Columbia agar plates supplemented with 5% sheep blood (bioMérieux, Madrid, Spain) and incubated aerobically at 37 °C for 24–48 h. Cells from representative bacterial pure and freshly-cultivated colonies were re-suspended in 300 μl of HPLC-grade water and mixed vigorously prior to the addition of 900 μl of HPLC-grade ethanol. Subsequently, an acetonitrile/formic acid extraction protocol was performed following the manufacturer's instructions (Bruker Daltonik, Bremen, Germany). After protein extraction, 1 μl of each isolate extract was spotted onto a 384-spot polished steel target plate, left to dry at room temperature and then overlaid with 1 μl of α-cyano-4-hydroxy-cinnamic acid (HCCA) matrix. All isolates were analyzed in a Bruker Daltonik UltrafleXtreme MALDI TOF/TOF (desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry) system, which obtained one spectrum per sample used to assess the suitability of this spectrometric approach for identification at species level. Each spectrum was acquired using FlexControl software (Version 3.4) in automatic mode in a random sampling pattern. The identification of all the clinical isolates in this study was performed by MALDI Biotyper Real Time Classification software. The reliability of the identification was evaluated from the log (score) values, calculated with the MALDI Biotyper software mentioned above.
The results of the histopathological changes and serum SAA and AChE concentrations were reported as median and standard deviations, calculated using routine descriptive statistical procedures. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess data normality. Non-parametric statistical methods were used to compare groups. A Mann-Whitney U-test was employed to compare the control group with the clinical stage of the exposed groups. To evaluate the response of the different parameters in term of the time of exposure and mange status of the different infested groups, Friedman tests with repeated measures were performed. In a second step, a Wilcoxon signed rank post-hoc comparison test with Bonferroni correction was used to determine the differences between the groups analyzed. A Spearman's rank correlation coefficient test was applied to establish the coefficients between the different variables analyzed. To compare the frequency of lesions observed in non-dermal tissues between experimentally exposed and naturally infected animals, the Fisher's exact test was used. P-values < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.
All statistical analyses were performed with the R software version 3. 3. 1 (R Development Core Team, December 2016) .
The clinical outcome and evolution of the infested ibex changed during the infestation period. Sixteen infested ibex progressed to severe stages of the disease. However, seven ibex, all of which from SNNS, only developed a self-limiting clinic process, with mange lesions on less than 50% of their skin surface, and showed evident signs of recovery. All infested ibex from SCSVNP evolved to severe stages of the disease. Until 46 dpi, all ibex developed localized lesions in the inoculation zone (inter-scapular area) and facial area (mildly affected). From 103 dpi onwards, in all ibex except those with a self-limiting clinic process, mange lesions were generalized, extending over the lumbar region and the ventral part of the abdomen and limbs (severely affected). Animals showed pruritus throughout the disease and intermittently scratched themselves. In the most severe clinical stages, both naturally and experimentally infested ibex showed scales, marked lichenification, alopecia, crusts, dermal fissures in limbs and moderate inflammation of eyelids and lips (Fig. 1). In the terminal phase, animals showed weakness, prostration and weight loss.
Histopathological changes in mangy skin between dpi were compared and shown in Table 1. Such changes were detected in all of the analyzed stages, both in the ibex that progressed to more severe stages and in those with a self-limiting clinic process, and always in amounts significantly (P < 0.0001) higher than those of the control group (Fig. 2a). For the epidermis, the median values of mites/burrows varied between different dpi (Friedman's test: χ 2 = 93.94, df = 2, P = 0.022), increasing significantly (post-hoc test: P = 0.012) between 46 and 103 dpi. In the final stage the values decreased and returned to the levels of the early stages of the disease. The number of eosinophilic and serocellular crust foci were correlated (r (353) = 0.546, P < 0.0001 and r (384) = 0.402, P = 0.0012, respectively) with the presence of mites/burrows, but values were significantly (post-hoc tests: P = 0.012 and P = 0.0093, respectively) lower by 150 dpi. Acanthosis (Friedman F r test: χ 2 = 98.04, df = 2, P = 0.003) and rete ridges (Friedman F r test: χ 2 = 98.84, df = 2, P = 0.002) showed variation along the different dpi. These reached their maximum number (post-hoc tests: P = 0.032 and P = 0.044, respectively) by 26 dpi and then decreased significantly (post-hoc tests: P = 0.012 and P = 0.022, respectively) by 46 dpi, remaining unchanged during the rest of the disease. Likewise, acanthosis was correlated (r (394) = 0.329, P = 0.031) with the presence of mites/burrows. Signs of cytotoxicity such as spongitic oedema, apoptotic keratinocytes and exocytosis foci increased significantly (post-hoc test: P < 0.0001) up to 46 dpi (Fig. 2b), and then decreased significantly (post-hoc test: P < 0.0001) during the more severe stages (from 103 dpi onward) (Fig. 2c). In ibex with self-limiting lesions, all epidermal changes were significantly (post-hoc test: P < 0.0001) lower than those that progressed to severe stages (103and 150 dpi), and were even lower than those observed during the first days of the disease (26 dpi).
In the dermis, the number of sebaceous glands also varied according to dpi (Friedman F r test: χ 2 = 90.14, df = 2, P = 0.036), remaining unchanged until 150 dpi, at which point their number fell significantly (post-hoc test: P = 0.044). The number of lymphocytes (r (343) = 0.586, r (346) = 0.584, r (286) = 0.640), eosinophils (r (431) = 0.284, r (398) = 0.324, r (452) = 0.205), mast cells (r (277) = 0.763, r (281) = 0.699, r (149) = 0.811) and neutrophils (r (293) = 0.699, r (354) = 0.566, r (366) = 0.515) was significantly correlated (P < 0.0001) with the presence of spongiotic oedema, exocytosis foci and apoptotic cells respectively. With the exception of plasma cells (Friedman F r test: χ 2 = 10.96, df = 2, P = 0.067), the number of lymphocytes, mast cells, eosinophils and neutrophils was significantly (P = 0.0023, P = 0.012, P = 0.0087, P = 0.0023, respectively) higher during the first 46 dpi, but then decreased significantly (P < 0.001). The number of plasma cells was low in all the stages analyzed. In animals with self-limiting lesions, the number of inflammatory cells decreased significantly (post-hoc test: P < 0.0001) in relation to the first 46 dpi. However, except for neutrophils (post-hoc test: P = 0.019), these values showed no significant differences (post-hoc test: P = 0.394) with the ibex that reached the most severe stages of the disease.
Other changes observed (not shown in Table 1) include: mixed hyperkeratosis (ortho-and parakeratotic) with a predominance of the orthokeratotic form 46 dpi, bacterial colonies on the surface, mite feces, dermal fibrosis from the basal lamina to secretory duct of the sebaceous glands, multifocal deposits of melanin at the level of the basal lamina, pilose follicles in the catagen phase, and the dilation of the apocrine glands. Folliculitis was only detected in one ibex.
The histopathological findings in the non-dermal tissues are detailed in Table 2. Samples from experimentally and naturally infested ibex were evaluated together, due to the similar clinical picture of these animals. No differences (Fisher's exact test: P > 0.087; OR: 0.579; 95% CI: 0.342–0.975) were found between the lesions observed in the two groups.
Lymphadenomegaly (two and three times the normal size).
With respect to the healthy group, AChE concentrations increased significantly (Wilcoxon rank sum test: W = 78, P = 0.0037) in the ibex with localized lesions (with maximum values at 46 dpi) and, by contrast, decreased in severely infected animals (Wilcoxon rank sum test: W = 93, P = 0.015) (Table 3). AChE values were positively correlated with the number of lymphocytes (r (374) = 0.531, P = 0.032), eosinophils (r (388) = 0.343, P = 0.042), mast cells (r (363) = 0.398, P = 0.0076) and neutrophils (r (452) = 0.252, P = 0.011) found in mangy skin lesions. SAA concentrations only increased significantly (Wilcoxon rank sum test: W = 6.5, P < 0.0001) in the most severe stages of the disease (Table 3). SAA values were negatively correlated (r (496) = −0.184, P = 0.0087) with AChE concentrations. At the time of euthanasia, serum SAA levels were positively correlated (r (282) = 0.719, P < 0.0001) with the number of organs that showed reactive amyloidosis (Table 4).
The different microbiological agents isolated on mangy skin, lesions and other tissues are shown in Table 5. The evaluation of the accuracy of MALDI-TOF MS was determined by calculating its sensitivity and specificity for each of the isolated species. The sensitivity and specificity values were 100% (95% CI: 40.7–100 and 89.8–100, respectively, depending on the species). All identifications of the isolated agents included in Table 5 are considered to be consistent and reliable, with an average score and range of 2.230 (2.134–2.875) (MALDI Biotyper Real Time Classification software).
The present study reveals structural changes in the skin and several internal organs in Iberian ibex affected by sarcoptic mange, and shows a relationship between pathological findings and the systemic inflammatory response. Additionally, mangy skin and lesions associated with S. scabiei infection were characterized microbiologically.
The macroscopic and histological skin lesions observed in mangy ibex closely match the classical descriptions of sarcoptic mange in wild and domestic animals [1, 3]. The cellular response was dominated largely by mononuclear cells, eosinophils and mast cells (intact and degranulated) up to 46 dpi. Subsequently, the number of cells fell significantly from 103 dpi onward. Our observations agree with those in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) , raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) , wombats (Vombatus ursinus)  and Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) . However, the infiltration of eosinophils and mast cells was not as intense as in the above mentioned species and was similar to the findings previously described in wild boars , which may explain the presence of less obvious marked hyperkeratosis. According to our results, ibex showed signs that are compatible with a combined type I (immediate) and type IV (delayed) hypersensitivity reaction to infection . We thus propose that up to 46 dpi, the histological pattern corresponded to type I hypersensitivity since cytotoxicity signs were observed (Fig. 2b) and correlated positively with the number of cells. Subsequently, these signs decreased along withthe cellular infiltrate which suggests type IV hypersensitivity (Fig. 2c).This conclusion needs to be demonstrated by future studies by the immune-histochemical isotype of the lymphocytes or by the expressed cytokine pattern. The neutrophilic response could be due not only to the presence of the mites, but also to secondary bacterial infections or excoriations. As in all other species, the number of plasma cells was low, which may be linked to a reduced role of the humoral response in the infection. We can therefore say that the overexpression of eosinophils, mast cells and neutrophils was associated with a detrimental and non-protective response that was unable to control the infection. This was shown by the observations of ibex with self-limiting clinic process. The presence of abundant serocellular crusts is apparently a mechanism that destroys mites or inhibits their burrowing into the skin as these crusts contain specific antibodies and other toxic components that can intoxicate mites . The hypertrophy and dilation of sebaceous and apocrine glands could be due to the obstruction of the excretory duct of glands by the hyperkeratotic crusts. Finally, the orto- and parakeratotic scales in the stratum corneum correspond to the previous passage of mites through the incompletely differentiated layers of the epidermis.
Cholinesterases have been reported as having the capacity to increase local and systemic inflammatory events in various pathological states . In our study we observed an increase in AChE levels in the localized form of the disease in experimentally-infested ibex (Table 3), which coincides and correlates significantly with the increase in inflammatory activity observed in the mangy skin during the first 46 dpi. Our results are similar to those described in canine demodicosis  and reinforce the idea that S. scabiei infection alters the cholinergic system and thereby contributing to the establishment of the local inflammatory response and the pathogenesis of the disease.
The most prominent histological findings in non-dermal tissues were lymphoid hyperplasia, leukocytosis, congestion, and the presence of amyloid deposits (Table 2). Systemic amyloidosis often occurs secondarily to chronic inflammatory or necrosis as is the case of sarcoptic mange [11, 35]. Serum SAA is an acute phase protein of inflammation . In our study, serum SAA concentrations increased significantly in the most severe phase of the disease (Table 3), which coincides with the description by Ráez-Bravo . In addition, higher levels were present in ibex in which more tissues with amyloidosis were detected (Table 4). This is because increased levels of this protein lead to a precipitation of its insoluble forms and turn it into a pathological protein . A secondary effect of amyloid deposits could be the atrophy and necrosis of juxtaposed cells due to pressure (Fig. 3). Such lesions could be involved with changes in the serology and blood chemistry reported in mangy ibex . Additionally, leukocytosis could be attributable to the cellular immune response, tissue response to damage or necrosis caused by inflammation or septicaemia. Generalized lymphadenomegaly, together with lymphoid hyperplasia, are congruent with a cell-mediated immune response , although it could also be related to secondary infections of the damaged skin. Among the gross findings, transudate fluid was found in the pericardium and the abdominal cavity. This may have been caused by hypoproteinemia associated with disease , or by liver or kidney lesions derived from amyloidosis. Finally, pericardial effusion could trigger restrictive cardiac insufficiency that could explain the generalized congestion that was noted, as well as the weakness and prostration described in some ibex.
A wide variety of bacterial agents were isolated in mangy ibex (Table 5). The simultaneous presence of these pathogens in mangy skin, and also suppurative lesions in lymph nodes and in various organs is compatible with a septicaemic pattern of infection [12, 39]. The bacteria identified were similar to those previously described in psoroptic mange and other skin diseases in livestock [40, 41]. Staphylococcus was the dominant genus and infrequent species such as S. nepalensis were isolated. Infections by these bacteria are often secondary to a primary skin disease that provides the conditions for these commensal bacteria to proliferate [40, 42, 43]. Under these conditions, some bacterial strains can produce diverse dermotoxins that can aggravate the skin injuries produced by mites [44, 45]. Further toxicity studies are necessary if we are to specify the type of toxins expressed in mangy ibex. It has also been demonstrated that the colonization of skin lesions due to Psoroptes ovis with S. aureus causes a specific response of IgG antibodies against S. aureus antigens, suggesting that these bacteria may play some role in the immune-pathogenesis of mange . The mites themselves could contribute to the spread of these pathogenic bacteria since various strains of Staphylococcus have been isolated in mite burrows and in their faecal pellets . However, it has been reported that both mites and the skin bacteria produce molecules that inhibit the pathways of the complement system and stimulate the production of various cytokines and, thereby, promoting bacterial survival and growth as well as the chemotaxis of inflammatory cells [13, 48].
In humans, especially in children, scabies-associated skin bacterial infection is a common risk factor for systemic complications such as acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis and sometimes rheumatic heart disease [49, 50]. However, in mangy ibex, no necrotic foci, abscesses or signs of inflammation associated with bacteremia were found in the kidneys, livers, spleens or lungs. This thereby indicates that the lympho-hematogenus dissemination of these pathogens a priori has fewer serious consequences than in other species [11, 12, 29, 39]. The areas of myocarditis and gliosis detected have also been described in other species with sarcoptic mange [29, 39], although in our case we cannot assume that this was due to the septicaemic state. From a veterinary perspective, the administration of antibiotic substances should be considered, in addition to antiparasitic treatment, in the individual treatment of sarcoptic mange in the Iberian ibex.
In this study we provide a complete description of sarcoptic mange in the Iberian ibex through a description of its effects in naturally and experimentally infested animals, combining a serological, microbiological and histological approach. The alteration of biomarkers of inflammation and its implication in the pathogenesis of the disease and development of lesions in non-dermal tissues and septicaemic processes are serious conditioners for the survival of mangy ibex. These findings could be relevant in the management of affected ibex populations, since this could contribute to decisions on the elimination of animals that exceed a certain disease threshold from a population. In turn, our work provides a solid basis for further investigation of other factors that influence the pathogenesis of this disease.
We would like to thank the Consejería de Medio Ambiente de la Junta de Andalucía and in particular the Sierra Nevada Natural Space (SNNS) for their logistical support and to the Sierra de Huétor Natural Park for the transfer of their experimental facilities. Special thanks are also due to the park wardens and fieldworkers in the SNNS, and above all to Apolo Sánchez, José López, Isidro Puga, Elías Martínez, Francisco Felipe and Antonio Rodríguez for their professional and personal involvement in the study. We are also grateful Manolo Herrera for the maintenance of the ibex and the facilities during the experimental phase and the contributions of the SCSVNP to the study. Thank you to Michael Lockwood for the English revision, to the Health Surveillance VISAVET Centre of the Complutense University of Madrid and Department of Microbiology at the University of Jaén for the microbiological diagnosis, the Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU) of the University of Murcia for the serum assays, and the Service of Veterinary Pathology of the UAB for the histological preparation of samples.
This study was funded by MINECO from the Spanish Government (grant numbers CGL2012–40043-C0–01, CGL2012–40043-CO2–02 and CGL2016–80543-P). The authors' research activities are partially funded by the PAIDI Research Group RNM-118 from Junta de Andalucia. José Espinosa was supported by a PhD Grant (grant number ECC/1402/2013: BES-2013-063931). This study is part of the project "Bases biológicas para la gestión de la sarna sarcóptica en la cabra montés (Capra pyrenaica) de Sierra Nevada".
Designed the study: JE, RV, JMP and JLO. Performed the ibex sampling: JEG, JLO, FJCM, PF, JE, AR and RCS. Laboratory analyses: AT, DR, RV, SL and JE. Analyzed the data: JE, JMP, RV and RCS. Wrote the paper: JE. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
This study complied with all Andalusian, Spanish and European legal requirements and guidelines regarding experimentation and animal welfare. Handling procedures and sampling frequency were designed to reduce stress and minimize the impact on the health of the subjects, as per European (2010/63/UE) and Spanish (R.D 53/2013) standards. The study was approved by the Ethics on Animal Welfare Committee of the University of Jaén and authorized by the Dirección General de Producción Agrícola y Ganadera of the Consejería de Agricultura, Pesca y Medio Ambiente of the Junta de Andalucía (Ref: SA/SIS/MD/ps/ October 25, 2012). The Sierra Nevada Natural Park staff also approved this study.
R Development Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for statistical computing. (Vienna, R Foundation for Statistical Computing); 2016, https://www.r-project.org.


Revert the champions game back to its 2.0 form, meaning you get XP for capturing, gems and kills- not just kills. When mineplex chooses to actually update the game itself they'll add in new abilities instead of fixing small bugs and pushing it out as an entirely new and different game. Let's help get the champions gameplay back to its former glory and fun and not make it absurdly boring and tedious to play!
Champions haven't received any new content for years and the game is just stale. All we are getting are bug fixes and some changes to things but nothing that gives a wow factor. Champions is one of Mineplex's original games and should be treated with care and not thrown to the sideline. Hopefully in the new update, new content will come.
Player: Mineplex what's an update?
Mineplex: An update is a fix for a game, not something new.
Player: but isn't that a fix for the game though?
So, as the Clans GI game lead, and as such one of the people in charge of the post-patch, I can say with complete and total certainty, that we have had the post-patch ready since the week after the initial update. At this point in time, we are waiting to get some development time, and once we have that, depending on how much we have, we will definitely get the post-patch in, and if any time is remaining, then we will be trying for new stuff, such as new skills. This is dependent on dev time tho.


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The Tuscany 6 piece dining set from New Classic includes an awesome distressed solid wood table with trestle base, 4 padded chairs and a padded bench. Can be ordered with 6 chairs instead at same price. Extra chairs are $189.99 each and can only be ordered in pairs.


text:
'The Great Destruction': Brazil's New Elite Drowning in Graft Allegations
© AP Photo / Eraldo Peres
https://sputniknews.com/latam/201606041040787971-brazil-corruption-economic-crisis-commentary/
Brazil's new government is in trouble. Weeks after being installed, pending corruption-related impeachment charges against President Dilma Rousseff, interim President Michel Temer and his cabinet are drowning in corruption allegations of their own. Brazilian diplomat Paulo Almeida tells Sputnik that unfortunately, the worst is yet to come.
Last week, the scandal surrounding Brazil's new government deepened after local media revealed that Senate-appointed interim President Michel Temer's seven-year-old son Michel Miguel was the proud proprietor of at least two offices in a wealthy neighborhood of Sao Paulo worth over $570,000. The Estado de San Paulo daily newspaper, which made the discovery, reported that Temer's official explanation was that he made the "donation" to his son as a way to 'anticipate Little Michel's inheritance.'
© AFP 2019 / EVARISTO SA
'Dirty Record': Brazil's Coup Leader Temer Banned from Politics for 8 Years
Temer's official property assets, the paper noted, expanded rapidly between 2006, when he last ran for Congress, and 2014, when he was Dilma Rousseff's running mate during her re-election campaign, from an estimated $650,000 to $2.14 million. That's not counting the assets held by Little Michel and his other children.
And this wasn't the only scandal involving Little Michel; the 7-year-old was entrusted to choose the new government's logo, causing a minor uproar among Brazilians, who are already infuriated over the interim government's moves to reverse over a decade of social advances by the Workers Party.
And it's not the only scandal rocking the new government.
In a twist of irony, Transparency Minister Fabiano Silveira, the minister in charge of fighting corruption, was forced to resign last week, only 16 days after taking the post, after a leak of a telephone conversation exposed him offering advice to Senate leader Renan Calheiros on how to undermine the so-called 'Car Wash' corruption scandal which has brought down a series of Brazilian officials over the last several months.
© AFP 2019 / NELSON ALMEIDA
Brazil at Risk of US-Backed 'Maidan Scenario' Plunging Country Into Civil War
His resignation in disgrace followed that of Planning Minister Romero Juca, who resigned last month over the leak of another telephone conversation, this time discussing how to put Temer into office. Those audio recordings led to charges that the new government had effectively overthrown Dilma Rousseff in a coup.
Speaking to Sputnik on the problems facing the country and its political elite, Brazilian sociologist and career diplomat Paulo Almeida warned that together with corruption, the central problem facing Brazil today is the possibility of a great depression.
"Today, it's not only political corruption inside the Congress or the government; the problem is that the Brazilian economy is in the middle of a big recession coming probably to a big depression."
Almeida blamed the recession on the commodity boom of the past years, overspending and flawed economic policies.
"I would call the whole situation today 'the Great Destruction'," Almeida warned. "You have had the Great Depression in the 1930s…nowadays we are seeing the beginning of the Great Destruction in Brazil…Besides the political side of the impeachment process, we are living in a big recession."
Brazil Revolts as Temer Forces Austerity, US Dependency After Coup Exposed
As for Dilma's impeachment, the sociologist pointed out that, formally, "Rousseff was accused of only two crimes; one is disrespecting our budget; there is a law on the budget, and she overspent. And she has also authorized by decree many expenditures outside the budget. Those are the only two things that she's been accused of by the special committee on the Senate, and to be judged by August or September."
Almeida insisted that the impeachment process was the only constitutional tool that the country has, but did not indicate the suspended president's chances of regaining her powers.
Last week, Senator Gleisi Hoffmann told Sputnik that the new government and its actions were a "disaster," adding that Temer and his team are "not prepared to govern Brazil."
Brazil at Risk of US-Backed Maidan Scenario Plunging Country Into Civil War
Leaked Tapes Show Michel Temer's Henchmen Led Dilma Rousseff Coup in Brazil
Brazil: The Provisional Banana Scoundrel Republic
Leaked Tapes Expose Coup Plot Against Brazil's Dilma Rousseff
leaked conversations, economic crisis, scandal, commentary, political crisis, corruption, Petrobras, Dilma Rousseff, Michel Temer, Brazil

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
The Gazette of Cyrenac
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Purchasing information systems in the midst of change: the three major trends in the sector
SIRIUS Observatory 2022
My Buyer Work, eSourcing revisited January 14, 2023
While eSourcing editors have been offering tender management solutions for 20 years with little or no success, My Buyer Work from Brittany has taken up the standards of collaborative software and innovated with a purchasing project management solution ideal for cooperation with occasional internal and external users. On 24 November 2022 Alain Alleaume and I […]
Relocation, short circuits… And your Digital Purchasing? January 13, 2023
January 2023, resolutions! And at a time when local purchasing, the consolidation of excellent sectors and the employment of our children are at stake, why not take a look at the Source to Pay digital purchasing offer designed in France? Why consider them? "*The securitisation of cyberspace has certainly led́ to a return of the […]
No, don't call me Purchasing IS anymore… December 13, 2022
The Purchasing Function's contribution to the business opens it up to cross-functional missions supported by a Digital Purchasing offer that has been misnamed by names such as Business Spend Management or Purchasing IS. Leads, motivation, let's open the debate.Over the last twenty years, Purchasing Departments have gone beyond cost reduction to focus on contributing to […]
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text:
Q: Libre Office shows Garamond but font manager doesn't There was a Garamond font in my Libre Office a few days back. When trying to solve another issue (long story) I downloaded a couple of ttf files and installed them. They look awful, so I want to go back. But now I can't find them.
I installed font manager and it shows me lots of fonts but not actually Garamond. Libre Office shows just one Garamond, though I loaded two.
I loaded them with font viewer.
I looked in my ~/.fonts, /usr/local/share/fonts/, /usr/share/fonts but no Garamonds there so I don't know where LibreOffice is finding the Garamond it is showing me. It occurs to me that it might be a substituted font, provided because I have existing documents that use Garamond. I don't know how to check if this is true.
Does anyone know where that Garamond is actually coming from?
Update: I used gedit to look at the list of fonts and found there are two fonts called Garamond. I don't know if LibreOffice is using one of those, but I expect it is. However I also don't yet know how to remove both of them and reinstall what I had before. But this doesn't now look like a LibreOffice issue, except that it is (quite reasonably) presenting just one font when there are two of the same name.

A: You can find the answer to your problem in this link. You should check what is the default font that is used in case of a missing font. Then change your text to use that font. If nothing changes, it means Garamond is not installed on your machine. If it does change, then what you were seeing is Garamond.
Edited: Thanks to muru
Apparently, Garamond font is not free. So, most probably you don't have the font on your system. Note, that the substitution is done by LibreOffice and not the Ubuntu itself.
In LibreOffice go to Tools > Options ..., select the section Fonts. You should be able to see what font is being used in case a font is not found.

A: I've been using different distros of Linux for about five years now but I still come back to Ubuntu. I'm also still attached to Micro$oft on my dual-boot laptop. Even after using WINE, I still can't get away from M$.
One of the great pleasures I find when using Ubuntu or any other flavor of Linux, is that I can still access and utilize the Window$ partition of the hard drive. I'm not yet accustomed to using LibreOffice and still rely on Micro$oft Office.
Garamond has been included as a free font with M$ Office since its 2000 version. I have been able to install many of my fonts from M$ to Ubuntu. I crossed over to the Window$ partition, opened the Win. folder, opened the fonts folder, and installed a majority of the fonts.
Of course this means one has to have access to Micro$oft Office and its fonts.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Miners collect transaction fees and are rewarded with new bitcoins for their services. Open Source : Software whose code is made publicly available and that is free to distribute. Coinbase requires 3 confirmations to consider..
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text:
Olof Celsius den äldre, född 19 juli 1670 i Uppsala, död 24 juni 1756, var en svensk botaniker, språkforskare, runforskare och präst. Han var Sveriges första bryolog. Han var gift med Margareta Insulander och far till Olof Celsius den yngre och Magnus von Celse.

Biografi
Olof Celsius var son till naturvetenskapsmannen och språkforskaren Magnus Nicolai Celsius och Sara Edmundsdotter Figrelia, och bror till astronomen Nils Celsius, Anders Celsius far. Han studerade sporadiskt vid Uppsala universitet då han hade ekonomiska svårigheter, och kunde fullfölja sin utbildning endast genom Karl XI:s frikostighet. Efter sin magisterpromotion företog han en utrikes resa, som uträcktes till Italien.

Efter hemkomsten utnämndes han 1699 till adjunkt vid filosofiska fakulteten vid Uppsala universitet, och blev 1703 professor i grekiska, hans huvudämne. Han blev professor i orientaliska språk 1715, professor i teologi från 1727 samt domprost från 1736. Hans främsta insatser var att samla mossor och vara en inspirationskälla till Carl von Linné, dateringen av de flesta av Sveriges runstenar och motståndet mot den uppblommande göticism som Olof Rudbeck den äldre initierat. Kritiken mot Rudbeck grundade sig på runornas ålder och ursprung. Hans främsta meningsmotståndare var Erik Julius Björner, som upprördes av hans kritiska synpunkter.

De arbeten som gjorde Celsius berömd i Europa var ett verk i två delar över växter i Bibeln, Hierobotanicon sive de plantis sacræ scripturæ (1745–1747), samt utgivandet av faderns tolkning av hälsingerunorna i Oreades Helsingicæ (1710) samt den postumt utgivna De runis Helsingicis observationes quædam (1771). Som hans främsta runoligiska arbete bör dock nämnas Monumenta quædam sveo-gothica suis temporibus reddita (1726–1733). Han invaldes 1739 som ledamot nummer 25 av Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien, samma år som den bildades, och samma år som hans brorson Anders Celsius valdes in. Han var även en av de ledande personerna inom det lärda samfund, Bokvettsgillet, som senare utvecklades till Uppsala Vetenskapssocietet.

Se även
 Celsius (släkt)

Bibliografi
Hierobotanicon (1745–47)

Källor
 Svensk uppslagsbok. Lund 1930.

Noter

Vidare läsning

Externa länkar

Domprostar i Uppsala
Svenska bryologer
Svenska lingvister
Svenska orientalister
Alumner från Uppsala universitet
Personer verksamma vid Uppsala universitet
Födda 1670
Avlidna 1756
Ledamöter av Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien
Män
Svensk uppslagsbok
Präster från Uppsala

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
RTR3WQ6J
USA fans Cole Coscino (L), 17, and Mary Emma Meyer, 17, hug after the U.S. was defeated by Belgium during...
Redondo Beach, UNITED STATES
USA fans Cole Coscino and Mary Emma Meyer hug after the U.S. was defeated by Belgium, in Redondo Beach...
USA fans Cole Coscino (L), 17, and Mary Emma Meyer, 17, hug after the U.S. was defeated by Belgium during the 2014 World Cup round of 16 soccer match in Brazil, at a viewing party in Redondo Beach, California July 1, 2014. REUTERS/Lucy Nicholson (UNITED STATES - Tags: SPORT SOCCER WORLD CUP TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY)
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Lucy Nicholson
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Heterosexual couple
TPX
WCUP
World Cup (Soccer)


text:
Peapod Hopes On-Line Groceries Turn Out To Be a Robust Market
Clifton LintonDow Jones Newswires
Updated Dec. 19, 1997 2:23 pm ET
SKOKIE, ILL. -- With the click of his mouse, Andrew Parkinson virtually picked up a package of chocolate-chip cookies and dropped it into his grocery shopping cart. Clicking on another computer menu, he found soft drinks. While he decided between a six-pack or a two-liter bottle of Coke, an ad for Pepsi flashed on his screen.
Mr. Parkinson, the 39-year-old chairman and chief executive of Peapod Inc., was demonstrating the company's on-line grocery shopping and delivery service. Meanwhile, a few floors below his office here,...


text:
using namespace std;

namespace ATP
{
double AtpTileSource::s_minVectorResDiff = 0;
double AtpTileSource::s_maxDiffRatio = 1.0;
double AtpTileSource::s_cosMaxAngleDiff = 0;
double AtpTileSource::s_maxPaxDev = 1.0;
double AtpTileSource::s_maxPaxPix = 2.0;
unsigned int AtpTileSource::s_minNumConsistent = 3;
unsigned int AtpTileSource::s_percentConsistent = 50;
unsigned int AtpTileSource::s_numTpsPerTile = 2;
unsigned int AtpTileSource::s_numFilterIterations = 0;
bool   AtpTileSource::s_useRasterMode = false;
bool   AtpTileSource::s_initialized = false;

AtpTileSource::AtpTileSource()
:  m_considerParallax (true)
{
}

AtpTileSource::AtpTileSource(ossimConnectableObject::ConnectableObjectList& inputSources)
:  ossimImageCombiner(inputSources),
   m_considerParallax (true)

{
}

AtpTileSource::AtpTileSource(AtpGenerator* generator)
:  m_generator(generator),
   m_considerParallax (true)
{
   theComputeFullResBoundsFlag = true;
   if (m_generator)
   {
      connectMyInputTo(0, m_generator->getRefChain().get());
      connectMyInputTo(1, m_generator->getCmpChain().get());
   }
   addListener((ossimConnectableObjectListener*)this);
   initialize();
}

void AtpTileSource::initialize()
{
   const char* MODULE = "AtpTileSource::initialize() -- ";
   if (!s_initialized)
      initializeStaticMembers();

   ossimImageCombiner::initialize();
   m_tiePoints.clear();
   if ( getNumberOfInputs() < 2)
      return;
}

void AtpTileSource::allocate()
{
   // The AtpTileSources cannot be relied on to return valid pixel data, since their main product
   // are the tie points, not pixels. However, the tile is used to communicate scalar type, rect,
   // and other tile metadata, so is still needed:
   m_tile = NULL;
   if ( getNumberOfInputs() > 1)
   {
      ossimImageSource* firstSource = dynamic_cast<ossimImageSource*>(theInputObjectList[0].get());
      m_tile = ossimImageDataFactory::instance()->create(this, firstSource);
      m_tile->initialize();
   }
}

void AtpTileSource::filterPoints()
{
   const char* MODULE = "AtpTileSource::filterPoints() -- ";
   AtpConfig& config = AtpConfig::instance();

   // First remove points with no matches:
   auto tiePoint = m_tiePoints.begin();
   while (tiePoint != m_tiePoints.end())
   {
      if ((*tiePoint) && (*tiePoint)->hasValidMatch())
         ++tiePoint;
      else
         tiePoint = m_tiePoints.erase(tiePoint);
   }

   // No filtering done for raster mode:
   if (s_useRasterMode)
      return;

   if (config.diagnosticLevel(3))
   {
      // Annotate red before filtering:
      m_generator->m_annotatedRefImage->annotateResiduals(m_tiePoints, 255, 0, 0);
      m_generator->m_annotatedCmpImage->annotateCorrelations(m_tiePoints, 255, 0, 0);
   }

   // Check for consistency check override
   if (s_minNumConsistent == 0)
      return;

   // Don't accept any if there are an insufficient number of neighbors:
   if (m_tiePoints.size() < s_minNumConsistent)
   {
      m_tiePoints.clear();
      return;
   }

   if (config.paramExists("considerParallax"))
      m_considerParallax = config.getParameter("considerParallax").asBool();
   if (m_considerParallax)
   {
      // If the perspective differences are small, fall back to non-parallax check:
      computeParallax();
      if ((fabs(m_paxInfo.dx_dH) < 1.0) && (fabs(m_paxInfo.dy_dH) < 1.0))
      {
         if (config.diagnosticLevel(5))
            CINFO << MODULE << "Insignificant parallax, falling back to non-parallax filtering."
                  << endl;
         filterWithoutParallax();
      }
      else
      {
         s_numFilterIterations = 0;
         filterWithParallax();
      }
   }
   else
      filterWithoutParallax();

   if (config.diagnosticLevel(3))
   {
      // Annotate yellow before pruning:
      m_generator->m_annotatedRefImage->annotateResiduals(m_tiePoints, 255, 255, 0);
      m_generator->m_annotatedCmpImage->annotateCorrelations(m_tiePoints, 255, 255, 0);
   }

   pruneList();

   if (config.diagnosticLevel(2))
   {
      CINFO<<MODULE<<"After filtering & pruning: num TPs in tile = "<<m_tiePoints.size()<<endl;
      if (config.diagnosticLevel(3))
      {
         // Annotate Green after accepting TP:
         m_generator->m_annotatedRefImage->annotateResiduals(m_tiePoints, 0, 255, 0);
         m_generator->m_annotatedCmpImage->annotateCorrelations(m_tiePoints, 0, 255, 0);
         //m_annotatedRefImage->annotateTPIDs(m_tiePoints, 180, 180, 0);
      }
   }
}

void AtpTileSource::filterWithParallax()
{
   // May be called recursively, limited by s_numFilterIterations < 5

   const char* MODULE = "AtpTileSource::filterWithParallax()  ";
   AtpConfig& config = AtpConfig::instance();
   if (m_tiePoints.size() < 2)
   {
      m_tiePoints.clear();
      return;
   }

   computeParallaxStatistics();

   // This is where recursion is stopped:
   if ((s_numFilterIterations == 5) && (m_paxInfo.maxDistance > s_maxPaxPix))
   {
      m_tiePoints.clear();
      if (config.diagnosticLevel(5))
      {
         CINFO << MODULE << "Could not establish good parallax statistics for this set. "
               << "Removing all points for this tile." << endl;
      }
      return;
   }

   // Loop to eliminate bad peaks and inconsistent ATPs in tile:
   ossimDpt residual;
   bool statsChanged = false;
   auto tiePoint = m_tiePoints.begin();
   while (tiePoint != m_tiePoints.end())
   {
      // Check point's active peak against the set of residuals along parallax:
      auto entry = m_paxInfo.distanceMap.find((*tiePoint)->getTiePointId());
      if (entry == m_paxInfo.distanceMap.end())
      {  // Should never happen
         tiePoint = m_tiePoints.erase(tiePoint);
         continue;
      }
      double distance = entry->second;

      // Loop to find a match in this ATP that is consistent.
      while (distance > m_paxInfo.maxDistance)
      {
         // This residual is outside the acceptable limit, try the next match in the tiepoint or
         // remove it if it has no more peaks.
         statsChanged = true;
         if (!(*tiePoint)->bumpActiveMatch())
         {
            if (config.diagnosticLevel(5))
            {
               CINFO << MODULE << "Removing TP " << (*tiePoint)->getTiePointId() << endl;
               CINFO << "   distance: " << distance << ",  maxDistance: " << m_paxInfo.maxDistance << endl;
            }
            tiePoint = m_tiePoints.erase(tiePoint);
            break;
         }
         else if (config.diagnosticLevel(5))
         {
            CINFO << MODULE << "Bumping active match for TP " << (*tiePoint)->getTiePointId()
                  << endl;
            CINFO << "   distance: " << distance << ",  maxDistance: " << m_paxInfo.maxDistance << endl;
         }

         // A new peak is being used, will need to recompute statistics later.
         (*tiePoint)->getVectorResidual(residual);
         if (m_paxInfo.dx_dH == 0.0)
            distance = residual.x;
         else if (m_paxInfo.dx_dH == 0.0)
            distance = residual.y;
         else
         {
            distance = fabs(m_paxInfo.parallaxOffset + m_paxInfo.parallaxSlope * residual.x -
                            residual.y) / m_paxInfo.denom;
         }
      }
      if (distance <= m_paxInfo.maxDistance)
      {
         // The match was deemed consistent. proceed to next point:
         ++tiePoint;
      }
   }

   if (statsChanged)
   {
      // Recursive call to recompute statistics and eliminate suspect points
      s_numFilterIterations++;
      if (config.diagnosticLevel(5))
      {
         CINFO << MODULE << "Iterating filterWithParallax after ATP list change (N = "
               << s_numFilterIterations << ")."<< endl;
      }
      filterWithParallax();
   }
}

void AtpTileSource::computeParallax()
{
   // Use the point at tile center to establish reference ground point at two different elevations:
   static const double DELTA_HEIGHT = 500.0;
   ossimDpt vpt, ipt0, ipt1;
   ossimGpt gpt0, gpt1;

   // Possible debug mode will not have a tile assigned:
   if (!m_tile || (m_tile->getDataObjectStatus() == OSSIM_STATUS_UNKNOWN))
       m_tiePoints[0]->getRefViewPoint(vpt);
   else
      m_tile->getImageRectangle().getCenter(vpt);
   ossimImageGeometry *geom = m_generator->m_refIVT->getViewGeometry();
   geom->localToWorld(vpt, gpt0);
   if (gpt0.isHgtNan())
      gpt0.hgt = ossimElevManager::instance()->getHeightAboveEllipsoid(gpt0);
   gpt1 = gpt0;
   gpt1.hgt += DELTA_HEIGHT;

   // Determine dx/dh and dy/dh for ref image:
   geom = m_generator->m_refIVT->getImageGeometry();
   geom->worldToLocal(gpt0, ipt0);
   geom->worldToLocal(gpt1, ipt1);
   double dx_ref = (ipt1.x - ipt0.x);
   double dy_ref = (ipt1.y - ipt0.y);

   // Determine dx/dh and dy/dh for cmp image:
   geom = m_generator->m_cmpIVT->getImageGeometry();
   geom->worldToLocal(gpt0, ipt0);
   geom->worldToLocal(gpt1, ipt1);
   double dx_cmp = (ipt1.x - ipt0.x);
   double dy_cmp = (ipt1.y - ipt0.y);

   // Compute parallax direction REF-->CMP
   m_paxInfo.dx_dH = dx_cmp - dx_ref;
   m_paxInfo.dy_dH = dy_cmp - dy_ref;
   if (m_paxInfo.dx_dH != 0)
   {
      m_paxInfo.parallaxSlope = m_paxInfo.dy_dH / m_paxInfo.dx_dH;
      m_paxInfo.denom = sqrt(m_paxInfo.parallaxSlope * m_paxInfo.parallaxSlope + 1.0);
   }
   else
   {
      m_paxInfo.parallaxSlope = ossim::nan();
      m_paxInfo.denom = ossim::nan();
   }
   //CINFO << "### dx_dH: " << m_paxInfo.dx_dH << endl; // TODO REMOVE
   //CINFO << "### dy_dH: " << m_paxInfo.dy_dH << endl; // TODO REMOVE
   //CINFO << "### parallaxSlope: " << m_paxInfo.parallaxSlope << endl; // TODO REMOVE
}

void AtpTileSource::computeParallaxStatistics()
{
   // Determining the parallax direction (slope) is easy. It is the offset (y-intercept) that
   // depends on the collection of residuals.
   // Use the point at tile center to establish dx/dH and dy/dH in view-space:
   // Compute parallax slope and intercept:
   ossimDpt residual;
   if (m_paxInfo.dx_dH != 0.0)
   {
      // Compute parallax intercept using collection of all primary matches:
      double sum_c_i = 0;
      for (auto &tiePoint : m_tiePoints)
      {
         tiePoint->getVectorResidual(residual);
         sum_c_i += residual.y - m_paxInfo.parallaxSlope * residual.x;
      }
      m_paxInfo.parallaxOffset = sum_c_i/m_tiePoints.size();
   }

   // Compute statistics of residual vector distribution, saving individual distance samples:
   m_paxInfo.distanceMap.clear();
   double distance, sumDistance2=0.0;
   for (auto &tiePoint : m_tiePoints)
   {
      tiePoint->getVectorResidual(residual);
      if (m_paxInfo.dx_dH == 0)
         distance = residual.x;
      else if (m_paxInfo.dy_dH == 0)
         distance = residual.y;
      else
      {
         distance = fabs(m_paxInfo.parallaxOffset + m_paxInfo.parallaxSlope*residual.x - residual.y)/m_paxInfo.denom;
      }
      sumDistance2 += distance*distance;
      m_paxInfo.distanceMap.emplace(tiePoint->getTiePointId(), distance);
      //CINFO << "### TP: "<<tiePoint->getTiePointId()<<"  distance: " << distance << endl; // TODO REMOVE

   }
   double sigmaDistance = sqrt(sumDistance2/(m_tiePoints.size()-1));
   m_paxInfo.maxDistance = s_maxPaxDev*sigmaDistance;
   if (m_paxInfo.maxDistance < s_maxPaxPix)
      m_paxInfo.maxDistance = s_maxPaxPix;

   //CINFO << "### sigmaDistance: " << sigmaDistance << endl; // TODO REMOVE
   //CINFO << "### maxDistance: " << m_paxInfo.maxDistance << endl; // TODO REMOVE
}

void AtpTileSource::filterWithoutParallax()
{
   const char* MODULE = "AtpTileSource::filterWithoutParallax()  ";
   AtpConfig& config = AtpConfig::instance();

   // Loop to eliminate bad peaks and inconsistent ATPs in tile:
   auto tiePoint = m_tiePoints.begin();
   while (tiePoint != m_tiePoints.end())
   {
      // The "tiepoint" may not have any matches -- it may be just a feature:
      ossimDpt r_atp, r_nbr;
      (*tiePoint)->getVectorResidual(r_atp);

      if (config.diagnosticLevel(5))
      {
         ossimDpt refPt;
         (*tiePoint)->getRefImagePoint(refPt);
         CINFO<<"AutoTiePoint::checkConsistency() -- Processing TP "<<(*tiePoint)->getTiePointId()
              <<" at REF image pt: ("<<refPt.x<<", "<<refPt.y<<")"<<endl;
      }

      // Loop over all of the TPs neighbors to count the number that are consistent:
      unsigned int num_consistent_neighbors = 0;
      for(auto &neighbor : m_tiePoints)
      {
         if ((*tiePoint)->getTiePointId() == neighbor->getTiePointId())
            continue;

         // Check for simple minimum vector difference:
         neighbor->getVectorResidual(r_nbr);
         double diff = (r_nbr - r_atp).length();
         if (diff < s_minVectorResDiff)
         {
            num_consistent_neighbors++;;
            continue;
         }

         // Compute angle and magnitude ratio between residuals. Note no check for valid peak:
         double cos_theta=1.0, mag_ratio=0;
         double r0 = r_atp.length();
         double r1 = r_nbr.length();
         mag_ratio = 2.0*fabs(r1-r0)/(r0+r1);
         if ((r1 > 0.0) && (r0 > 0.0))
            cos_theta = (r_atp.x*r_nbr.x + r_atp.y*r_nbr.y)/(r0*r1);

         // Test for consistency with this neighbor's peak:
         if ((mag_ratio < s_maxDiffRatio) && (cos_theta > s_cosMaxAngleDiff))
            num_consistent_neighbors++;;
      }

      // Decide if this peak was good or out there:
      int minConsistent = (int) ceil(s_percentConsistent*(m_tiePoints.size()-1)/100);
      if (minConsistent < (int)s_minNumConsistent)
         minConsistent = s_minNumConsistent;
      if (num_consistent_neighbors < minConsistent)
      {
         // Peak was bad, fetch next strongest match or exit loop if no more available:
         if (!(*tiePoint)->bumpActiveMatch())
         {
            if (config.diagnosticLevel(5))
               CINFO << MODULE << "Removing TP " << (*tiePoint)->getTiePointId() << endl;
            tiePoint = m_tiePoints.erase(tiePoint);
            if (m_tiePoints.empty())
               break;
         }
      }
      else
      {
         // Match is consistent, keep the tiepoint in the list an advance to the next tiepoint
         tiePoint++;
      }
   }
}

void AtpTileSource::pruneList()
{
   const char* MODULE = "AtpTileSource::pruneList()  ";
   AtpConfig &config =  AtpConfig::instance();

   // Use a map to sort by confidence measure:
   multimap<double, shared_ptr<AutoTiePoint> > atpMap;
   auto atp = m_tiePoints.begin();
   double confidence;
   while (atp != m_tiePoints.end())
   {
      if (!(*atp)) // Should never happen
      {
         CWARN<<MODULE<<"WARNING: Null AutoTiePoint encountred in list. Skipping point."<<endl;
         ++atp;
         continue;
      }

      // The "tiepoint" may not have any matches -- it may be just a feature:
      bool hasValidMatch = (*atp)->getConfidenceMeasure(confidence);
      if (hasValidMatch)
         atpMap.emplace(1.0/confidence, *atp);

      atp++;
   }

   // Skim off the top best:
   m_tiePoints.clear();
   multimap<double, shared_ptr<AutoTiePoint> >::iterator tp = atpMap.begin();
   while (tp != atpMap.end())
   {
      m_tiePoints.push_back(tp->second);
      if (m_tiePoints.size() == s_numTpsPerTile)
         break;
      tp++;
   }
}

void AtpTileSource::initializeStaticMembers()
{
   static const char* MODULE = "AtpTileSource::initializeStaticMembers() -- ";

   AtpConfig& config = AtpConfig::instance();
   s_maxDiffRatio = config.getParameter("maxResMagDiffRatio").asFloat();
   if (ossim::isnan(s_maxDiffRatio) || (s_maxDiffRatio == 0))
   {
      CWARN<<MODULE<<"Bad or missing parameter in config: "
              "maxResMagDiffRatio = "<<s_maxDiffRatio<<". Defaulting to 0.1."<<endl;
      s_maxDiffRatio = 0.1;
   }

   double theta = config.getParameter("maxResAngleDiff").asFloat();
   if (ossim::isnan(theta) || (theta <= 0))
   {
      CWARN<<MODULE<<"Bad or missing parameter in config: "
              "maxAngleDiff = "<<theta<<". Defaulting to 10 deg."<<endl;
      theta = 10.0;
   }
   s_cosMaxAngleDiff = ossim::cosd(theta);

   s_minVectorResDiff = config.getParameter("minVectorResDiff").asFloat();
   if (ossim::isnan(s_minVectorResDiff) || (s_minVectorResDiff < 1.0))
   {
      CWARN<<MODULE<<"Bad or missing parameter in config: "
              "minVectorResDiff = "<<s_minVectorResDiff<<". Defaulting to 1.0."<<endl;
      s_minVectorResDiff = 1.0;
   }

   s_minNumConsistent = config.getParameter("minNumConsistentNeighbors").asUint();
   if (s_minNumConsistent == 0)
   {
      CWARN<<MODULE<<"Bad or missing parameter in config: "
              "minNumConsistentNeighbors = "<<s_minNumConsistent<<". Defaulting to 3."<<endl;
      s_minNumConsistent = 3.0;
   }

   s_percentConsistent = config.getParameter("percentConsistentThreshold").asUint();
   if (s_percentConsistent == 0)
   {
      CWARN<<MODULE<<"Bad or missing parameter in config: "
              "percentConsistentThreshold = "<<s_percentConsistent<<". Defaulting to 50."<<endl;
      s_percentConsistent = 50;
   }

   s_numTpsPerTile = config.getParameter("numTiePointsPerTile").asUint();
   if (s_numTpsPerTile == 0)
   {
      CWARN<<MODULE<<"Bad or missing parameter in config: "
              "numTiePointsPerTile = "<<s_numTpsPerTile<<". Defaulting to 2."<<endl;
      s_numTpsPerTile = 2;
   }

   s_maxPaxDev = config.getParameter("maxResParallaxDev").asFloat();
   if (ossim::isnan(s_maxPaxDev) || (s_maxPaxDev <= 0))
   {
      CWARN<<MODULE<<"Bad or missing parameter in config: "
              "maxResParallaxDev = "<<s_maxPaxDev<<". Defaulting to 1.0."<<endl;
      s_maxPaxDev = 1.0;
   }

   s_maxPaxPix = (double) config.getParameter("maxResParallaxPix").asUint();
   if (ossim::isnan(s_maxPaxPix) || (s_maxPaxPix <= 0))
   {
      CWARN<<MODULE<<"Bad or missing parameter in config: "
              "maxResParallaxPix = "<<s_maxPaxPix<<". Defaulting to 1.0."<<endl;
      s_maxPaxPix = 2.0;
   }

   if (config.paramExists("useRasterMode"))
      s_useRasterMode = config.getParameter("useRasterMode").asBool();

   s_initialized = true;
}

void AtpTileSource::setTiePoints(ossim::TiePointList& tpList)
{
   // Engineering code for manually specifying TPs to test consistency checking
   string id;
   ossimDpt rip, cip;
   NEWMAT::SymmetricMatrix cov;
   m_tiePoints.clear();
   for (auto &tp : tpList)
   {
      shared_ptr<AutoTiePoint> atp (new AutoTiePoint(m_generator, tp->getTiePointId()));
      tp->getImagePoint(0,id,rip,cov);
      tp->getImagePoint(1,id,cip,cov);
      atp->setRefImagePt(rip);
      atp->addImageMatch(cip);
      m_tiePoints.emplace_back(atp);
   }
}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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I am known to make binders for everything under the sun. An information and organization junkie, there are color-coded tabs and inserts with directions, reservations, key events and topics of interest highlighted ad nauseam.
This practice I refuse to give up.
But I have shed the frenzy surrounding college search that I tried so hard to avoid unsuccessfully the last time. When everyone around you is obsessing, how do you keep grounded and stay calm through the process? More importantly, how do you find a way to actually enjoy it? Let's face it folks, this is the good stuff. The culmination of all those years of parenting lead up to letting them take their own ride.
I have a few tricks to lighten up this stressful task. Being that I am truly a child myself most of the time, or surely an adolescent, I think of ways to keep myself and my family entertained. I have looked around the room and drawn pictures of people asking my kids to figure out who I have drawn, had a contest to see who would guess how many times a tour guide would say 'mmm. k', and written top ten lists of the dumbest parent questions.
Sometimes the schools themselves provide the entertainment. Every college has its canned presentation and tour. You step into a room of varying size and listen to the 'Why you want to be a _____ student' presentation. Some schools keep it real, others are sell, sell, sell, still others intimidate you with statistics and a little bit of snobbery. The constant in every one of these presentations are the factoids about their institution; what famous people went to the school, what was discovered there and why this should make any difference to you. Funny, but these seem to be the things that stick with us when we leave, and none of them really have anything to do with why the school is a good fit for my kid.
University of Delaware's mascot, the Blue Hen, is the 3rd most famous mascot in the country. We had no idea who number 1 and 2 are, nor did we really care. All we cared about was how cute my daughter and her friends looked when they put the stuffed blue hen mask on in the bookstore for pictures. This was the first school we visited first time around and we acted like fools. That did not matter, we had fun.
The Slinky was invented by a Penn State University Alumni. THIS is very impressive. Why? I don't know but honestly, didn't everyone own a Slinky at one time. The Slinky is more popular than the ipod, for goodness sake! Another PSU factoid is that Bill Clinton is the only person to every ask for, and receive, more than one flavor of ice cream at the soup-nazi-style Berkey Creamery. (no surprise).
University of Maryland? Two words: Larry David! In my house that is way more impressive than Sergey Brin of Google or Kevin Plank of Under Armour being alumni. Ok, maybe not, but we really love Larry David. Some strive for wealth and fame, we strive for funny. Oh, and the green glass windows in some of their buildings is made from recycled Heineken bottles. This seems to be a very forward way of dealing with the residue of all the drinking that is not supposed to be going on.
School after school we were bombarded with information and questions. There is always that one over-sharing kid that is on everyone's nerves by the end of the tour. The parent that asks about the Russian and Slovac studies program immediately after the speaker asks for ONLY general questions about the university. The fact that the school has a Mining Studies program, something your typical 16-17-year-old is so very likely to be interested in. I am not joking, every one of these things has happened while we have toured schools.
The net of it all? First time around we were so nervous that we were not exposing our daughter to enough. We visited 8 schools, there were only 2 we did not visit with her, one of which she visited on her own and she chose to attend... typical. Second time around we are realizing that there is a fine balance between wanting to expose them to more and torturing them to see other things when what they have seen already looks good to them.
Today there are 19 pieces of mail on the coffee table from different colleges soliciting my son. Is this because he is a genius? Nope, it is because he just registered for the ACTs and SATs and we are living in direct mail database hell.
Original 50-something Moms Blog post. Posted by Amy Zimmerman. Amy also blogs at i could cry but i don't have time and leaving the zip code.


Not sure with which email client to connect? Learn more about how to start syncing. Then, come back here for advanced troubleshooting as needed.
Problem: When JazzHR attempts to access your calendar data, the Google API returns an error with the message "domainCannotUseApis"
Solution: Have your IT team enable API access in the Google Admin console for your user account. Once this is complete, you'll need to reauthorize your account, as described in the insufficient permissions error.
Problem: When JazzHR attempts to access your calendar data, the Google API returns an error with the message "insufficientPermissions"
Solution: In the 3rd-party apps console, remove JazzHR's access to your Google account. Then disconnect your calendar from JazzHR and reconnect.
Problem: When JazzHR attempts to access your calendar data, the Google API returns an error with the message forbidden.
Solution: Have your IT team enable the G Suite Directory service. This feature is required to discover calendars within your organization.
Problem: The OAuth token that allows JazzHR to access your calendar information has expired.
Solution: Disconnect your calendar from JazzHR and reconnect.
Solution:Disconnect your calendar from JazzHR and reconnect.
Problem: JazzHR is unable to determine your Exchange server settings using the Autodiscover service.
Have your IT team correct the underlying issue with the Autodiscover service. The Microsoft Remote Connectivity Analyzer will likely be helpful with diagnosing the issue.
Manually enter your Exchange server settings by disconnecting your calendar from JazzHR and reconnecting with the Autodiscover service disabled.
Problem: Your password on file with JazzHR has changed, and we are unable to authenticate with your Exchange server.
Solution: Disconnect your calendar from JazzHR and reconnect with your updated password.
Problem: JazzHR is unable to pull your account's configured timezone.
Solution: Log into your organization's Outlook Web Access portal to ensure your profile is complete. Your IT team can provide you with this URL.


Oscar "Oz" Diggs and Glinda the Good take the scenic route to her castle with China Girl and Finley along for the ride.
Oz, the Great and Powerful is a prequel, drawing more from the other Oz books than the classic film, telling the story of how a small-town carnival magician named Oscar Zoroaster Phadrig Isaac Norman Henkle Emmanuel Ambroise Diggs (Oz for short, played by James Franco) finds himself swept away in his hot air balloon to the magical land of Oz, where he reluctantly becomes the reigning Wizard. Along the way, he meets three young witches; Theodora (Mila Kunis), a naive and innocent girl who only wants peace in the land; her older sister, the elegant and regal advisor to the late king and acting regent Evanora (Rachel Weisz); and the king's daughter, Glinda (Michelle Williams). The interactions, relationships and schemes of these four drive the story and establish the world that young Dorothy will one day drop in on.
The kids in the theater when I saw it loved it. It's fun, dramatic, colorful, magical and a bit scary, in a fun "thrill ride" way.
Yes, unless you're just a really bitter and cynical person. They do a really good job of not letting the "virtual" characters become annoying; there's no Jar-Jar here, and in fact the two CGI cast members are among the most appealing characters in the film. The porcelain China Girl (Joey King) is adorable and Finley the flying monkey (Zach Braff) remains charming and engaging throughout, though there are a couple of moments where you'll definitely hear Dr. John "J.D." Dorian in his delivery. The movement and facial expressions of these two virtual actors are incredible.
4. Is it worth paying more to see it in 3-D?
Yes. There are two long sequences, when Oscar arrives in Oz and when Glinda brings him to Munchkinland, that are essentially proof-of-concept trailers for the inevitable Oz theme park ride, and you really want to enjoy them in 3D. The first is basically Splash Mountain merged with the Jungle Cruise, and the second owes quite a bit to the flight to Neverland. Don't think, just enjoy the ride. Sam Raimi knows how to use 3D effectively.
As pretty and fun as those two extended travelogues are, not a lot of plot or character advancement goes on then, so if you gotta go, that's the time.
6. Are there any scary parts?
Oh yeah. The witch's flying monkeys are terrifying. If you have a kid under the age of six, put him or her in your lap and be ready to deal with what's coming, because these nightmare baboons, all teeth and claws and bat-wings, are coming right at you. A couple of times. With blood in their eyes and murder in their hearts. Personally, I think a good scare every now and then is good for kids; handling scary stuff in a movie can prepare them to handle scary stuff in real life. Just put your arms around them and assure them it's going to be okay. There's plenty of cute and lovely stuff to make up for the scares.
It probably won't become a "beloved family classic" like the 1939 film, but it holds up to multiple viewings. In fact, the second time around you'll notice little touches in the performances that went by the first time. Michelle Williams in particular is constantly showing just the right body language and facial expressions to convey what she's thinking. The story is solid and the performances are good.
8. How does it compare to the classic Wizard of Oz, or even Wicked, for that matter?
Oz, the Great and Powerful makes polite nods to the Judy Garland version, especially in the Kansas scenes, which are filmed in gorgeously bleak sepia-tone. As in the original (and Disney's Return to Oz, and pretty much every version ever filmed except Baum's original silent productions), there are characters in the real world who have dopplegangers in Oz. The ruby slippers never show up (though if they did, I expect they would have been silver, as in the book), there's only one song, and the story carefully and deliberately avoids even hinting at Wicked. There's a shout-out to the Scarecrow and Cowardly Lion, but not a Tin Man to be seen, though we do get a hint of where he may have come from in the form of the Tinkers who play a major role in the battle for Oz. But this is a very different story; where the Wizard of Oz is Dorothy's journey from scared little girl to resourceful young woman,and Wicked is the Wicked Witch of the West's journey from awkward outsider to confident rebel, Oz is Oscar's journey from flim-flam man to wise and wonderful wizard.
9: How are the performances?
The cast is top-notch, not only the leads, but also the secondary and minor characters; the Master Tinker (Bill Cobbs), for example, gives a solid performance. James Franco is particularly good at portraying this vain, selfish, manipulative cad, and shows his character's growth into the man he will become quite convincingly. Michelle Williams makes Glinda a delicate fairytale angel with a spine of steel, and Rachel Weisz is a movie star in the classic tradition, every inch a queen, alternately charming and menacing and not at all afraid to get her hands dirty. Joey King, despite acting through a CGI face, gives a performance as nuanced and mature as anyone in the film. This kid is going places. If I had to cite a weak link in the cast, I have to say that Mila Kunis, who is extremely good in the first half of the film, really isn't up to pulling off her role in the third act. She, like most TV-trained actors of her generation, lacks the vocal power to play such a theatrical role effectively, with the result that she comes off like a screeching teenager when she's supposed to be menacing. Sadly, I can't think of a single actress her age who could do that part better and still play the vulnerable little girl in the earlier scenes as convincingly.
10. Do I need to stay after the credits?
Nope. In fact, I'm usually a purist about sitting there and reading the credits all the way through to the final copyright notice, but this time I'm going to say get out while you can. The first part of the credits is fun, with lovely little animations and things to look at, but somewhere in the middle the pleasant and unobtrusive score suddenly stops and a jarring pop song, as generic as it's possible to record without using robots, suddenly begins blaring. Usually the studios are a little better about transitioning to the obligatory song to sell the soundtrack album, but not this time; they might as well have put in the sound of a phonograph needle being dragged across the record.
All in all, Oz, the Great and Powerful is an extremely enjoyable popcorn-muncher of a movie, sure to end up in a lot of home DVD/Blu-Ray collections, but (and I never thought I'd say this) you really should see it in 3D on the big screen.


text:
Q: form creation works but not submit  var str = $('<form>').attr({
     action: data.action,
     method: 'POST',
     name: 'form'
 });

 $.each(data.form , function( index, value ) {
     str.append($('<input>').attr({
             type: value.type,
             name: value.name,
             alue: value.value
         })
     );
 });

 str.appendTo('body');
 str.submit();

data.form is a array and it includes form files. This is the code I used to create a dynamic form and to submit it. form creation is successful but the submit part is not working. why ?

A: put your action inside Quotation.
 action: 'data.action',
 $.each('data.form' , function( index, value ) {});

is this code right?


text:
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Ahead of the book's release on October 19, the group explained why they suffered bankruptcy on This Morning.'We were forced to go down that route for business purposes at the end of the day,' Simon Webbe confessed, before Lee Ryan added: 'We called the album Roulette and we lost.'Detailing the moment the band discovered they were going to go bankrupt, Antony Costa recounted: 'I remember getting the call in September of 2014 and I'd just had a baby and it just spiraled from there.'I thought I've got the boys, and we've got family and that's the most important thing.'We've stuck together.
Salah scored his 10th of the current campaign in midweek.
When I saw Salah score his first for the club at Watford on the opening day, I felt this was a player who would score 15 this season.
Redmayne produced the performance of his career with several top-string saves, including a Danny Welbeck penalty.'I've always had a lot of faith in Andrew Redmayne,' Sky Blues coach Graham Arnold said.'He's copped a bit of harsh criticism in the last couple of years but, two years ago, he helped the Wanderers to the grand final as well.'More than 80,000 fans flocked to ANZ to see A-League champions Sydney FC in their first pre-season hitout against the Premier League club.
He's enjoying a new lease of life thanks to his current role on BBC soap East Enders.
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Rémy Nicolas Lucien Belvaux (ur. 10 listopada 1966 w Namur, w Belgii, zm. 4 września 2006 w Orry-la-Ville, we Francji) – belgijski aktor, scenarzysta, producent i reżyser filmowy.
Był autorem nakręconego w 1992 roku thrillera Człowiek pogryzł psa, w którym także grał jedną z ról. Wystąpił również w krótkometrażowym filmie Comme une vache sans clarine i serialu Les carnets de monsieur Manatane. Realizował także reklamy.

Był młodszym bratem Lucasa Belvaux (ur. 14 listopada 1961), aktora i reżysera oraz Bruno Belvaux, dramaturga.

4 września 2006 w Orry-la-Ville zmarł w wieku 39. lat. Popełnił samobójstwo.

Przypisy

Linki zewnętrzne

Belgijscy aktorzy filmowi
Belgijscy reżyserzy filmowi
Belgijscy samobójcy
Urodzeni w 1966
Zmarli w 2006
Ludzie urodzeni w Namur


text:
Q: Can Microsoft Office 2007 be installed on system with Office 2010 already installed? I have a Windows 7 machine with Office 2000 installed.
I am doing some development with Outlook Add-Ins and I installed Office 2010 Professional Plus. Development of this add-in is going fine.
My client may delay upgrading Office 2007 to Office 2010 so I would like to install Office 2007 alongside my current installation of Office 2010 and test my Add-In in the older environment.
I can configure Outlook 2007 to use a different email account than that used in Outlook 2010 (i.e. this is strictly for development testing; no need to share a .pst file between versions).
Is this possible - or must I un-install Office 2010 (Outlook 2010) in order to test with the older Office 2007?

A: http://www.mydigitallife.info/2009/09/02/how-to-install-office-2010-and-keep-office-2007-side-by-side-together/

A: With Microsoft's App-V, many things like this are possible

A: Because each Outlook version uses its own version of MAPI, you cannot install more than one version of Outlook on any machine. This is also true for anything else that requires MAPI components like BES or Exchange 2003. If you try to install Outlook on a machine with BES or Exchange 2003, you break something because of the MAPI version mismatch.

A: My understanding is that everything can coexist except Outlook -- you have to pick one version of Outlook or the other.

A: Trying to have things coexist, that aren't really 'supposed' to, for testing purposes, is at best inconvenient (because of all the messing around you often have to do), and at worst misleading (because it's sometimes not obvious that the messing you've had to do to achieve the coexistence, also changes the behaviour in some subtle way, that invalidates the test).
Been there, bought the t-shirt, experienced the pain.
Much better to virtualise - then you can have as many test environments as you like, all different, and each uncontaminated by the others.

A: Bad news my friend... Microsoft in the Article says it cannot be done with outlook 2010. Therefore you will need to setup a VM to test with.
Excerpt from the article:

Multiple versions of Outlook
Microsoft
Office Outlook 2010 cannot coexist
with any earlier version of Microsoft
Outlook. When you install Outlook
2010, the Setup program removes
Microsoft Office Outlook 2007,
Microsoft Office Outlook 2003, and
Microsoft Outlook 2002. The Setup
program removes these versions of
Outlook even if you click to select
the Keep these programs check box in
the Removing Previous Versions dialog
box.


1:64 scale Ertl Farm Country 65-piece Playset.
Q: What all is in this playset? I.E. How many cows, what "equipment", and parts are included?
A: 11 cows, 3 farm workers, the barn, fencing and some other miscellaneous pieces such as the trough, and an lp tank are included In this set.
my son fell in love with this! Ertl has improved this set from the orginal. Great for the little farmer in anyone.


Malolos Cathedral or the Minor Basilica of Our Lady of Immaculate Conception is one of the historical churches in the Philippines, located in Malolos City, Province of Bulacan. The construction of this church started in 1814 and was finished in 1817, under Fray. Melchor Fernández. Like many of the other century old churches in the country, Malolos Cathedral was also damaged by earthquakes.
Malolos Cathedral convent, served as the office of General Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy as President of the First Philippine Republic, held his office from September 10, 1898 to March 29, 1899. It is now the seat of the Diocese of Malolos, and has been the bastion of faith for the past centuries and beside this old church is the tree planted by Pres. Aguinaldo.
Left side of the church facade, a centuries-old tree has been a living witness to many historic events that transpired on this hollowed plaza. It was planted by Pres. Aguinaldo during a lull in the historic Malolos Convention.When General Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy used the Malolos Cathedral convent as Palacio Presidencial from September 10, 1898 to March 29, 1899, he transacted many affairs of states under the shade of this tree. Beside the bell tower of this historical structure is the tower of bells. The bells that attracts attention of the tourist because of the its design, the number of bells and the brilliant gold color of it.
Photos captured using my mobile phone.


Nobody wants to be the obvious tourist. There's nothing worse than standing in the middle of a crowded inner city street with a confused look on your face, looking desperately around for some form of street sign while your partner twists and turns a large fold out map. You're also probably sweating as you flick frantically through your phrase book and to pluck up the courage to ask one of the locals who are bustling past, exactly where a certain street is. The locals in Buenos Aires love to be helpful. They even love to practice their English with you. The problem is, occasionally you get the wonderfully helpful local on the street that actually doesn't know where you want to go but gives you some sort of directions to follow anyway.
But in today's modern world, when packing for Buenos Aires, there is little need for finding room for your large all included South American guide book, your small handy phrase book and waterproof tourist city map with magnified city centre on which you have probably scribbled x marks on the place of your hotel and potential milonga hotspots. Armed with your smartphone or tablet, you have all the information you need at your finger tips with the help of many trusty apps.
If it's transport you need, look no further than BA Como Llego, an app used by tourists and locals alike. It gives routes on all forms of public transport, by foot, or by car, even factoring in a handy estimate of how long it will take to get there. If you're more of a cycling nut, then BA EcoBici is a great app letting you know where to hire bikes and where the cycle lanes are. While the flat streets make Buenos Aires a bike friendly city, unless you are an adrenalin junkie, just remember that the traffic is not always bike friendly and sticking to the cycle lanes is a surefire way to make your trip more pleasant. Best of all, these apps are free.
If it's language you need, a Spanish English translation dictionary is the way to go. For a laugh, check out Porteño Spanish but it is best to avoid trying to use any lunfardo (slang). There are fine lines between friendly banter and being offensive and not all words are appropriate for both sexes to be using.
If it's general information you need, then most major guidebooks now offer an app version of their books. This can be useful for saving both trees and baggage allowance weight since these guidebooks tend to be ever expanding with information.
If it's food you need, and let's face it - you're not travelling all this way to eat bad food, then Guia Oleo is a trusty companion to have with you when navigating the numerous restaurants on offer here. Just remember though, sometimes the best meals come from those little surprises that you just happen upon in your wanders through the city. Some of the best pasta is served up in the unlikely of hidden little places.
But if it is Tango that you need (and you will be needing tango if you visit this amazing city), then there are a couple of apps that will interest you. Learn Argentine Tango Vol 1 features videos taking you through the basics and fundamentals of Argentine tango. Available for your iPhone and your iPad, the clear video format explains all you need to know to grasp the beginnings of this dance. It's portability means you can practice anywhere - at the office, at the bus stop or even on your long flight down to Buenos Aires.
Hoy Milonga has all your milonga and class needs at your finger tips. Rather like an events calendar, this app lists both famous and lesser known milongas according to the days on which they are held. There is added information about whether or not there are classes prior to the milonga and includes a green star if there is to be a performance. It gives time schedules, names of teachers and performers (both dance and bands) and even includes directions on how to get to the milongas. This saves on collecting up pamphlets and trying to organise a diary of where to head on which evenings.
All this technology is changing the way we travel and how we interact with our surroundings. While it is great to come prepared, Buenos Aires is best explored with an open heart and open eyes. Take an unexpected turn down a road you hadn't planned on and you're sure to find a hidden shop or two that takes your fancy. It's a great way to discover cafes that only the locals haunt and a chance to get lost within this beautiful city.


16 Young people from Manor House traveled to Northern Ireland to explore how young people from different backgrounds cope with conflict in an urban setting.
The project was developed in partnership with Manor House Development Trust and Young Hackney as part of The Edge Youth Hub's EDGEucation programme, that gives young people the skills to be able to express themselves, ask questions, have difficult conversations with their peers and feel empowered to effect positive change in their communities.
Our volunteer coordinator, Carolina Aguinaga and the Edge Youth Hub team prepared the young people for the visit by running weekly workshops focusing on teamwork, capacity building and equipping the young people, aged 12 – 17, with the skills to better deal with and resolve conflict.
Upon arrival in Northern Ireland the group met young people from The Oasis Youth Club and together they participated in a series of activities including a tour of Belfast and the 'peace walls'. This was followed by a stay in Corrymeela Community, an internationally renowned centre for peace and reconciliation, where young people from both groups shared their collective and individual experiences of living with the effects of conflict and violence.
I love the fact that everyone shared their life stories and that everyone listened to each other.
The project also aims to encourage young people to become more involved with their communities and increase their employment opportunities by completing an ASDAN accreditation linked to their participation in the project. ASDAN awards offer programmes and qualifications that provide skills needed for learning, employment and life.
In August, the Oasis group of young people from Portadown will be visiting Hackney for the second leg of the exchange.
This project was co-funded by the Manor House PACT project, Well London, Genesis Housing Association and Young Hackney.