So begin the "Food" sections in several best-selling guidebooks on Cuba. And for many flavorless years, they were right. Under socialist rationing, eating out on the Pearl of the Antilles was…well, what you'd expect from a restaurant industry dictated by central planning. Bland, bureaucratic, soulless.
But all that's old news. Today, Cuba's exploding private-restaurant sector is bursting with flavor, as relaxed government regulations and innovative chefs come together to serve up the island's current gastronomic glasnost.
You can thank the paladares—literally, "palates." In just five years, these privately owned eateries, usually run out of the owner's house, have sprouted all over Havana and other cities, like plantains on the spiny trees that dot the country. Taking their nickname from a canteen in a popular Brazilian soap opera, they've initiated a revolution that fuses incipient, grass-roots capitalism with a culinary tradition stretching back to Columbus.
A revolution not of hombres armados, but of lechón asado, Cuba's national dish.
For foodies clamoring to visit Cuba, 1993 was the banner year.
Why 1993? Because it was then that Fidel Castro signed a decree authorizing limited private enterprise on the island—including restaurants. Seemingly overnight, micro-entrepreneurs rose up to challenge the stodgy comedores (dining rooms) in the state-run hotels.
Meeting the demand for these entrepreneurial edibles, however, was difficult. In those bad old days, paladar owners found themselves enmeshed in ordinances: 12 chairs maximum in their dining rooms, no seafood or beef (the state tourism industry had a monopoly), no advertising. Owners had to buy ingredients at retail prices. Taxation was high, enforcement arbitrary.
Then, in 2011, Castro's brother Raúl cut through some of the regulatory bloat. Now restaurants could seat 50. Licenses were easier to come by. Employment codes were relaxed. The number of paladares shot up, from 75 in Havana to some 2,000.
In 2014, when President Obama normalized relations with Cuba, the island seemed to hold its breath before an apertura (opening) of major proportions.
Today that opening is still pending—the U.S. trade embargo remains in place—but for paladar owners and their clients, all this simply makes dining into an adventure, an exercise in ingenuity.
Take the matter of ingredients. Since Cuba has no wholesale food industry, getting hold of the requisite rations can be a challenge. Some restaurateurs directly employ their own fishermen, who haul in their catch each morning. Others use networks of family and friends ("my aunt has a cousin, who knows a guy, who knows a guy") to get fresh produce, or dairy products, which official policy earmarks for children under seven.
Even finding the paladares can be like navigating a labyrinth. Since advertising is outlawed, most establishments sport just a simple plaque outside the door.
"Everything here is done on the sly," says restaurateur Lilliam Dominguez Palenzuela, shrugging her shoulders.
What the paladares purvey isn't just fuel to keep the island's bodies humming. Rather, it's cubanidad—the mixed-race, black-and-white-and-indigenous heritage that Cuba's nationalist leaders started hawking in the 1920s, and that today is abundantly on display in every pot and Sevillian serving dish.
The roots of cubanidad lie in the triple swirl of peoples that make up Cuba's national stew. When the Spanish arrived on the island in 1492, they found an indigenous culture living off a diet of local staples: black beans, yams, cassava, maize. All of these ingredients made their way into the mishmash that is comida criolla, Cuba's national cuisine of today. The mass importation of black slaves into Cuba's sugar plantations in the 18th and 19th centuries supplied further spice to the pot: okra, plantains, taro toot. Add to all this the Spaniards' own contributions—bean soups made of dried peas and garbanzos; spices like cumin, oregano, and cilantro—and you have a mix of ingredients corresponding to Cuba's racial mestizaje.
This medley is what's behind the delicacies served in every paladar. Dishes like lechón asado, a roasted leg of pork marinated in bitter oranges, garlic, and oregano that Cubans eat at Christmastime, or ajiaco, a meat-and-vegetable stew usually prepared with boiled beef and maize. There are also the tried-and-true classics: ropa vieja, shredded beef in spicy tomato sauce, or picadillo, ground beef with olives and raisins.
President Carter ate here during a recent visit to Cuba; consequently, owner Lilliam Dominguez Palenzuela's catch phrase is "Feel like a president for a night." The spacious, leafy setting inside an old colonial mansion makes this a feast for all the senses. Criollo fusion food at its most elegant.
Situated next to Havana's cathedral, this now-classic diner serves up big portions of picadillo and ropa vieja. Leticia, the elderly owner, has no formal training, assuring customers that she prepares every dish just the way her mother did. When you taste them, you'll believe her.
The menu at this excellent bistro is experimental, changing every day. Cross your fingers when you go, and hope for the conejo al vino (rabbit in wine). The mansion that houses it oozes atmosphere. Highly recommended.
Mike Gasparovic is an independent travel writer based in Lima, Peru. He has written for Fodor's, Peru This Week, and a host of online websites, in addition to creating two book-length guides for expats new to his adopted hometown. His chief interests are the history and culture of the Spanish-speaking world. His blog is Latin America Confidential.


Specifies a StringSignal representing the loading state of the external texture. The value of the signal is guaranteed to be a member of the TexturesModule.ExternalTexture.State enumeration.
Specifies the URL of the texture to be downloaded.


I was so happy that I had a chance to visit the hometown of my fave sate Padang which I usually eat inside malls in Jakarta:p Yes it was Sate Mak Syukur at Padangpanjang. We stopped by on our way from Padang to Bukittinggi. As a big fan of sate padang, I have always wanted to visit this place.
We choose a table on the second floor and enjoyed the fresh air and the view from the balcony while waiting for our Sate Padang to be served. Rumah Gadang (padangnese house) is everywhere.
I went to the kitchen to see how the waiter prepared our meal. He grilled the satay, took them to be placed on the plates and also prepared smaller plates for the thick sauce. So the satay and the sauce came in different plates.
And here we go, Sate Padang Mak Syukur for our group. Everyone took satay and gave the sauce on the top of the satay, and of course took the crackers to dip it into the thick sauce. It was really good, taste better than their branches in Jakarta.
Kakak ... Bikin ngiler laperrrr, eh mak syukur ini ada juga kan di gunung sahari jakarta ????


Here is your rank list of the Target TNPSC 2014 - Test 4. Only 250 aspirants have attended the Week Test-4, its very low number than our expectations, please introduce our website to your friends and take the week tests. The more number of you get benefited, more happy we will be. I congratulate all the aspirants in this rank list. Special wishes to the Top 10 in the list. Know your status where you are and make necessary steps to improve your performance in coming tests. See also the test syllabus (Week 5).
Note : This Rank List contains the marks of aspirants who have attended the test before Thursday 11.10 PM. If your name is not in the list, sorry, try to attend the Test earlier next week.


text:
Q: How to convert images to string on flutter So I have this flutter app where the person needs to upload some photos from his gallery on the application. How do I store these images on the application and convert them to string so that it saves into my database? (Mongo DB)
I want to:

*

*Save the images into a value

*Convert this value to string

*Save the string images into a class 'beneficiary'

Application UI Image
class BeneficiaryServices extends StatefulWidget {
  @override
  _beneficiaryState createState() => _beneficiaryState();
}

class _beneficiaryState extends State<BeneficiaryServices>
    with View<BeneficiaryServices> {
  var data;
  bool autoValidate = true;
  bool readOnly = false;
  bool showSegmentedControl = true;
  File _image;
  final picker = ImagePicker();

  beneficiaryservicesController controller =
      new beneficiaryservicesController();
  final _formKey = GlobalKey<FormState>();
  final _fbKey = GlobalKey<FormBuilderState>();

  Future save() async {
    final pickedFile = await picker.getImage(source: ImageSource.camera);
    setState(() {
      if (pickedFile != null) {
        _image = File(pickedFile.path);
      } else {
        print('No image selected.');
      }
    });

    var res = await http.post(Uri.parse("http://192.168.56.1:8080/signin"),
        headers: <String, String>{
          'Context-Type': 'application/json;charSet=UTF-8'
        },
        body: <String, String>{

        });
    print(res.body);
  }

  Beneficiary beneficiary = Beneficiary('', '', '', '');

  @override
  Widget getBody() {
    return Container(
      height: MediaQuery.of(context).size.height - 200,
      child: SingleChildScrollView(
        child: Column(
          children: <Widget>[
            SizedBox(
              height: 20.0,
            ),

            Padding(
              padding: const EdgeInsets.all(8.0),
              child: _image == null
                  ? Text('Upload Proof of address')
                  : Image.file(_image),
            ),
            FloatingActionButton(
              onPressed: getImage,
              tooltip: 'Pick Image',
              child: Icon(Icons.add_a_photo),
            ),
            Padding(
              padding: const EdgeInsets.all(8.0),
              child: _image == null
                  ? Text('Upload Birth Certificate')
                  : Image.file(_image),
            ),
            FloatingActionButton(
              onPressed: getImage,
              tooltip: 'Pick Image',
              child: Icon(Icons.add_a_photo),
            ),
            Padding(
              padding: const EdgeInsets.all(8.0),
              child: _image == null
                  ? Text('Upload CEB/CWA/Phone Bill')
                  : Image.file(_image),
            ),
            FloatingActionButton(
              onPressed: getImage,
              tooltip: 'Pick Image',
              child: Icon(Icons.add_a_photo),
            ),
            Padding(
              padding: const EdgeInsets.all(8.0),
              child: _image == null
                  ? Text('Upload Proof of Loan (if applicable)')
                  : Image.file(_image),
            ),
            FloatingActionButton(
              onPressed: getImage,
              tooltip: 'Pick Image',
              child: Icon(Icons.add_a_photo),
            ),
            Padding(
              padding: const EdgeInsets.all(24.0),
              child: ElevatedButton(
                style: ElevatedButton.styleFrom(
                  shape: RoundedRectangleBorder(
                    borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(8.0),
                  ),
                  primary: const Color(0xffde0486),
                ),
                child: Container(
                  margin: const EdgeInsets.all(8),
                  child: const Text(
                    'Submit Application',
                    style: TextStyle(
                      color: Colors.white,
                      package: 'flutter_credit_card',
                    ),
                  ),
                ),
                onPressed: () {
                  print('valid!');
                },
              ),
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }

  @override
  Controller getController() {
    return this.controller;
  }

  @override
  InstanceNames getName() {
    return InstanceNames.ZakatCalculator;
  }
 void getImage() {}
}

A: final imageBytes = await pickedFile.readAsBytes();
final base64Image = base64Encode(imageBytes);

Where base64Encode returns a base64 encoded representation, of type String, of the provided byte array.

A: You can read the image file path and convert it into a base64 string.
 final pickedFile = await picker.getImage(source: ImageSource.camera);
    setState(() {
      if (pickedFile != null) {
        _image = File(pickedFile.path);
      } else {
        print('No image selected.');
      }
      final bytes = await pickedFile.readAsBytes();
      print(imageBytes);
      String base64Image = base64Encode(imageBytes);
      print(base64Image);
      .....
      .....
      }

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Is it possible to have multiple POM and TESTNG files in a project? I have the following setup:
Jenkins points to -> Pom.xml which points to -> Testng.xml
My goal is to have multiple jobs in Jenkins, each pointing to a different environment.  Those environments are currently separated by multiple TestNG files.  I have parameters setup in each testng.xml file which point the different environments.
Is there a way to have multiple POM files, each pointing to a different testng file?
Thanks

A: You should use a single pom file which defines a "profile" for each environment. The profile for an environment will customize all the configuration that is required for that environment (including pointing to the proper testng file).
In your pom, you will include
<profiles>
    <profile>
        <id>foo</id>
        <properties>
             ...
        </properties>
        <build>
             ...
        </build>
    </profile>
    <profile>
        <id>bar</id>
        <properties>
             ...
        </properties>
        <build>
             ...
        </build>
    </profile>
</profiles>

and invoke it with
mvn -Pfoo

or
mvn -Pbar

As you say, you will want to have a Jenkins job per environment (with the -Pfoo in the configuration for that job) or you can have a single Jenkins job and pass the profile as a parameter to the job.


Caution : Lake Huron and Georgian Bay are large, deep bodies of water. The water temperature can be cold, even during summer. Divers should be aware that the temperature is cold at depth.
Environment Canada weather forecast for Tobermory.
Environment Canada marine forecast for northern Lake Huron.
During your park visit, tune to local weather radio: 90.7FM.
Lake Huron and Georgian Bay have a moderating effect on local climate.
Summer temperatures can be cool, especially near the water or at night. Pack a light jacket or windbreaker.
Waves and storms can develop quickly. Boaters and swimmers should use caution and monitor weather forecasts.
If camping, bring a tarp in case of rain.
Early spring, late autumn and winter weather can be highly variable. Contact the park for specific advice if planning trips at these times of year.


text:
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Home » Sports » Inagh-Kilnamona's second half fightback just fails
Gemma Grace of Burgess in action against Inagh-Kilnamona's Aoife Keane when they played for their county teams. they were in opposition in the club final in Limerick this afternoon. Photograph by John Kelly.
Inagh-Kilnamona's second half fightback just fails
November 11, 2017	4,558 Views
Burgess-Duharra, Tipperary 2-10 Inagh-Kilnamona 1-10
A powerful second half performance from Clare champions Inagh-Kilnamona wasn't enough to dethrone the Munster title holders Burgess-Duharra in the Provincial senior club camogie championship final played in very difficult weather conditions at the gaelic grounds in Limerick this Saturday afternoon.
Playing in the final for the first time, Inagh-Kilnamona could hardly have got a worse start as they found themselves four points down after just three minutes. The experienced Eimear McDonnell pointed in the first minute before the Clare champions defence failed to deal with a Jenny Grace delivery from a 55m free and the ball ended up in the net.
It's an indication of the way Inagh-Kilnamona have improved over the past year that they came storming back and Amy Keating landed three points in four minutes before the title holders struck for their second goal which full forward Amy Kennedy, later named as the player of the game, scored.
The winners full forward line of Tara and Amy Kennedy and Eimear McDonnell caused huge problems for the Clare champions throughout the opening half in particular and their play was key to them having a ten point lead, 2-8 to 0-4 when the half time whistle sounded.
One of the features of Inagh-Kilnamona's play all year has been their second half displays and they turned in another marvellous second half performance this afternoon. The winners had the first score of the new half when Amy Kennedy pointed but from here on Inagh-Kilnamona dictated matters.
Two Amy Keating points from frees were followed by a Sinead O'Loughlin goal which came after a great run from centre back Clare Hehir and good play from Fiona Lafferty whose move to centre forward for the second half played a key part in the team's rally.
The margin between the teams was down to six at the three quarter stage and the Clare side were certainly dictating matters at this stage. Inside the final ten minutes Amy Keating converted two '45's while Andrea O'Keeffe fired over one from play and this left just two points between the sides with three minutes remaining.
The champions responded and, fittingly, player of the game Amy Kennedy pointed to give them a three point advantage on a day when others to impress were Eimear McDonnell, Jenny Grace, Tara Kennedy, Caoimhe Maher and Gemma Grace.
Siobhan and Fiona Lafferty, Clare Hehir, Aoife Keane, Andrea and Teresa O'Keeffe and substitute Clare Commane did well for Inagh-Kilnamona.
Burgess-Duharra; Ciara Houlihan; Elaine Kine,Gemma Grace, Amanda Egan; Ciardha Maher (0-1), Caoimhe Maher, Aisling Cremin; Ciara McKeogh, Ruth Barry; Aine Gillespie, Jenny Grace (1-2, frees), Laura Reid; Tara Kennedy, Amy Kennedy (1-3), Eimear McDonnell (0-4)
Sub; Amy Seymour for A.Gillespie;
Inagh-Kilnamona; Rebecca Keating; Jame Fitzgerald,Siobhan Lafferty, Michelle Mescall; Teresa O'Keeffe, Clare Hehir, Laoise Ryan; Aoife Keane, Andrea O'Keeffe; Sinead Quinn, Sinead O'Loughlin (1-0), Marie O'Halloran; Amy Keating (0-7), 3 frees, 2 '45s, Fiona Lafferty (0-2) Sinead Power.
Sub; Claire Commane for Fitzgerald.
Referee; Philip Dee, Limerick
By Seamus Hayes
Tags Burgess camogie final Munster
About News Editor
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There will be no change to the format of the Clare Senior Football championship for …
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
SUBJECT: Public Comment on the Proposed Revised History and Social Science, Health Education, Physical Education, and Driver Education Standards of Learning
On October 23, 2014, the Virginia Board of Education accepted for first review the proposed revised History and Social Science, Health Education, Physical Education, and Driver Education Standards of Learning. The Virginia Board of Education is now seeking public comment on the proposed revised Standards of Learning for use in Virginia public schools. The proposed revised History and Social Science, Health Education, Physical Education, and Driver Education Standards of Learning can be accessed on the Department of Education's Web site. Public comment will be taken until November 24, 2014.
Public comment on the proposed revised History and Social Science Standards of Learning may be submitted via e-mail using the links below:
Kindergarten – Grade 3 - HSS_SOL2015_K3@doe.virginia.gov
Virginia Studies - HSS_SOL2015_VASTUDIES@doe.virginia.gov
United States History to 1865 - HSS_2015_USI_USII@doe.virginia.gov
United States History: 1865 to Present
Civics and Economics - HSS_2015_CE_GOVT@doe.virginia.gov
Virginia and Untied States Government
World Geography - HSS_2015_WORLDGEO_WORLDHIS@doe.virginia.gov
World History and Geography to 1500 A.D. (C.E.)
World History and Geography: 1500 A.D. (C.E.) to Present
Virginia and United States History - HSS_2015_VUS@doe.virginia.gov
Public comment on the Health Education, Physical Education, and Driver Education Standards of Learning may be submitted via email using the links below:
Physical Education - PhysicalEducationSOL@doe.virginia.gov
Health Education - HealthEducationSOL@doe.virginia.gov
Driver Education - DriverEducationSOL@doe.virginia.gov
Comments for the Health Education, Physical Education, and Driver Education Standards of Learning may also be sent via mail or fax to:
Ms. Vanessa Wigand
Principal Specialist for Health Education, Physical Education, and Driver Education
Office of Science & Health Education
Comments for the History and Social Science Standards of Learning may also be sent via mail or fax to:
Ms. Christonya Brown
Coordinator for K-12 History and Social Science
Office of Humanities & Early Childhood
The Department of Education requests that this information be shared with members of your education community and local board of education. For additional information about the proposed revised History and Social Science Standards of Learning, please contact Christonya Brown by e-mail at Christonya.Brown@doe.virginia.gov or by telephone at (804) 225-2893. For additional information about the proposed revised Health Education, Physical Education, and Driver Education Standards of Learning, please contact Vanessa Wigand by e-mail at Vanessa.Wigand@doe.virginia.gov or by telephone at (804) 225-3300.
SRS/CB/vdg


For his second album, Two Solo Pieces, Jon Gibson forgoes the dense, multi-layered timbres of Visitations in favor of simple textures and tone. While Two Solo Pieces serves up further evidence of Gibson's centrality to American minimalism – witness its inclusion in Alan Licht's famed Minimal Top Ten list – this profoundly intimate record also reveals the beauty of enclosed spaces and infinite harmonic vistas.
As its unadorned title suggests, Two Solo Pieces consists of a pair of side-long tracks featuring the composer alone. While "Cycles," an iridescent improvisation on organ, achieves a downright eerie sense of expansiveness, Gibson's captivating alto flute on "Untitled" draws the listener inside the instrument itself.
The photo on the album's back cover – a seated Gibson surrounded by cascading rows of organ pipes and the vaulted ceiling in Manhattan's Peace Church – offers a striking visual complement to these gorgeous recordings.


Camélia bag - Black - Women's bag - Vanessa Seward accessories.
Crafted in patent leather and smooth leather from Italy, this small flap bag adds elegance to a sophisticated feminine outfit. The contrasting materials, brass chain and enamel-coated brass buckle closing the flap, developed exclusively for Vanessa Seward, give a touch of Parisian chic to this accessory. It can be worn on the shoulder, across the chest or held in your hand. Dimensions: 18 x 17 x 6 cm / 7.1 x 6.7 x 2.4".


DutZ is mainly sold through flower shops and in interior design stores..
Are you a retailer and interested to sell DutZ as a brand in your store? Please contact the sales representative in your district (see below) or contact our office. You can also register as a potential new customer in the shop section.
Most items are available in stock . DutZ collection can guarantee fast delivery in most cases.
Additionally, DutZ has a range of high quality, handmade candles.
Are you a customer and would you like to know where you can buy DutZ? We would be pleased to help you. Please contact the sales representative or our office by email or telephone.


Villa Fundica is a holiday house for up to eight people. It was built in 2017 with an intention to make a traditional house with modern systems allowing guests to feel all the comfort they seek while on vacation.
Peaceful surrounding, nice view, great location with a minutes' drive to nearest beaches or the City of Krk are only few of numerous reasons why you will want to come back to Villa Fundica again.


These Solutions are part of RS Aggarwal Solutions Class 9. Here we have given RS Aggarwal Solutions Class 9 Chapter 4 Lines and Triangles Ex 4D.
The angles of a triangle are in the ratio 2:3:4. Find the angles.
and third angle = 4x = 4 x 20° = 80° Ans.
In ∆ABC, if 3 ∠A = 4 ∠B = 6 ∠C, calculate ∠A, ∠B and ∠C.
In ∆ABC, if ∠A + ∠B = 108° and ∠B +C = 130°, find ∠A, ∠B and ∠C.
Hence ∠A = 50°, ∠B = 58° and ∠C = 72° Ans.
In ∆ ABC, ∠A + ∠B = 125° and ∠A + ∠C = 113°, find ∠A, ∠B and ∠C.
Hence ∠A = 58°, ∠B = 67° and ∠ C = 55° Ans.
In ∆ PQR, if ∠P – ∠Q = 42° and ∠Q – R = 21°, find ∠P, ∠Q and ∠R.
Hence ∠P = 95°, ∠Q = 53° and ∠R = 32° Ans.
The sum of two angles of a triangle is 116° and their difference is 24°. Find the measure of each angle of the triangle.
Let ∠ A, ∠ B and ∠ C are the three angles of A ABC.
Two angles of a triangle are equal and the third angle is greater than each one of them by 18°. Find the angles.
Hence angles are 54°, 54 and 72° Ans.
Of the three angles of a triangle, one is twice the smallest and another one is thrice the smallest. Find the angles.
and third angle = 3 x 30° = 90° Ans.
In a right-angled triangle, one of the acute angles measures 53°. Find the measure of each angle of the triangle.
In a right angled triangle.
Hence angle of the triangle with be 90°, 53°, 37° Ans.
If one angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the other two show that the triangle is right-angled.
Hence ∆ ABC is a right-angled Hence proved.
∆ ABC is right angled at A. If AL ⊥ BC, prove that ∠ BAL = ∠ ACB.
=> ∠ BAL = ∠ ACB Hence proved.
Hence, triangle is an acute angled triangle. Hence proved.
If one angle of a triangle is greater than the sum of the other two, show that the triangle is obtuse angled.
In the given figure, side BC of ∆ABC is produced to D. If ∠ACD = 128° and ∠ ABC = 43°, find ∠BAC and ∠ACB.
In the given figure, the side BC of ∆ABC has been produced on both sides — on the left to D and on the right to E. If ∠ ABD = 106° and ∠ ACE =118°, find the measure of each angle of the triangle.
(i)In the figure, ∠BAE =110° and ∠ACD = 120°.
Calculate the value of x in the given figure.
In the given figure, AD divides ∠ BAC in the ratio 1 : 3 and AD = DB. Determine the value of x.
In the adjoining figure, show that ∠ A + ∠B + ∠C + ∠D + ∠E + ∠ F = 360°.
Given : Two ∆ s DFB and ACF intersect each other as shown in the figure.
In ∆ABC, the angle bisector of ∠ B and ∠ C meet at O. If ∠ A = 70°, find ∠BOC.
bisectors of ∠ B and ∠ C meeting each other at O.
The sides AB and AC of ∆ ABC have been produced to D and E respectively. The bisectors of ∠ CBD and ∠ BCE meet at O. If ∠A = 40°, find ∠BOC.
In the given figure, ABC is a triangle in which ∠ A : ∠B : ∠C = 3 : 2 : 1 and AC ⊥ CD. Find the measure of ∠ ECD.
In the given figure, AM ⊥ BC and AN is the bisector of ∠A. Find the measure of ∠ MAN.
(i) A triangle can have two right angles.
(ii) A triangle cannot have two obtuse angles.
(iii) A triangle cannot have two acute angles.
(iv) A triangle can have each angle less than 60°.
(v) A triangle can have each angle equal to 60°.
(vi) There cannot be a triangle whose angles measure 10°, 80° and 100°.
(ii) True : If two angles will be obtuse, then the third angle will not exist.
(iii) False : As an acute angled triangle all the three angles are acute.
(iv) False : As if each angle will be less than 60°, then their sum will be less than 60° x 3 = 180°, which is not true.
(v) True : As the sum of three angles will be 60° x 3 = 180°, which is true.
But the given triangle having angles 10° + 80° + 100° = 190° is not possible.
Hope given RS Aggarwal Solutions Class 9 Chapter 4 Lines and Triangles Ex 4D are helpful to complete your math homework.


text:
Bertrand Révillion, né en 1958 à Lille, est un journaliste français.

Biographie

Presse écrite et édition
Philosophe, écrivain journaliste, éditeur, Bertrand Révillion travaille depuis de nombreuses années pour la presse écrite, l'audio-visuel et l'édition. Il a notamment collaboré au quotidien La Croix (Groupe Bayard), au quotidien régional Ouest France, à l'hebdomadaire La Vie (Groupe La Vie - Le Monde), ainsi qu'au mensuel Psychologies Magazine (groupe Lagardère Active). Il a dirigé  (1997 - 2011) comme Rédacteur en Chef, puis Directeur de la Rédaction le mensuel Panorama (Groupe Bayard).

Bertrand Révillion est également éditeur et a notamment été Directeur éditorial adjoint des éditions Médiaspaul.

Il collabore régulièrement à plusieurs titres de la presse française et consacre une part de son temps à l'écriture de romans.

Télévision
À partir des années 1990, Bertrand Révillion a également collaboré à France 2, présentant l'émission "Parcours" où il recevait des personnalités du monde artistique et littéraire. Il a également collaboré au Département des opérations exceptionnelles de France 2, notamment dans le cadre duTéléthon. Il a  participé au lancement de la chaîne Kto. Bertrand Révillion a été Rédacteur en Chef de Télé Emploi sur l'ex réseau de La Cinq, puis Rédacteur en chef de TVFil78 la télévision locale de Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines.

Famille
Père de famille, Bertrand Révillion est marié à Sabine de Lauzon.

Publications

Spécialiste des grands entretiens, Bertrand Révillion a réuni ses "conversations" avec des personnalités de premier plan, dans plusieurs ouvrages, dont la série (3 tomes) Croire ou ne pas croire (Bayard), successivement préfacés par Jacques Chancel, Patrick de Carolis et Bruno Frappat.  En 2012, il a publié Conversations Spirituelles.Tome 1. Préface d'Éric-Emmanuel Schmitt (Médiaspaul) . Puis en 2014: Conversations spirituelles. Tome 2. Préface de Patrick Poivre d'Arvor (Médiaspaul). Sour le titre Ce qu'ils m'ont dit de Dieu (Médiaspaul), préface d' Alexis Jenni, il a rassemblé en 2016 d'autres grands entretiens.

Bertrand Révillion est également l'auteur de romans. En septembre 2014, il a publié : Dieu n'y peut rien - Tempête en Chartreuse (Cerf) https://www.editionsducerf.fr/librairie/livre/888/dieu-n-y-peut-rien. Puis, en 2016 un second roman : Les Heures Claires - Dis, Grand Pa, tu y crois au Bon Dieu ? (Cerf) https://www.editionsducerf.fr/librairie/livre/17758/les-heures-claires-dis-grand-pa-tu-y-crois-au-bon-dieu En janvier 2022 parait son troisième roman : La colère de l'archange aux éditions Salvator. https://editions-salvator.com/accueil/2901-la-colere-de-larchange.html

Notes et références

Naissance à Lille
Naissance en 1958
Journaliste français du XXe siècle
Journaliste français du XXIe siècle

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Lots of deeper inner adjusting due to strong energetic influx this week. Felt a bit like the calmness before the storm. This weeks theme was definitely the connection between deeper Karmic aspects (especially Karmic Family Issues) and Inner Child. Breaking through old patterns and recontextualizing them (as in trying to see things from a larger perspective).
Lots of emotional releases but also cool insights!


text:
Q: Calculating $\oint_{|z| = 3} \frac{z^3e^{1/z}}{z^3+1}dz$ using a substitution So I've tried to calculate $$\oint_{|z| = 3} \frac{z^3e^{1/z}}{z^3+1}dz$$ using the substitution $w = \frac{1}{z}$ but I couldn't do anything after that. I believe I'm supposed to get to a point where I can apply the Residue Theorem to calculate the integral. The solution is $-2\pi i$ Any tips?

A: If you know about Laurent series you may rewrite the integrand as
$$ e^{1/z} \left(1+ \frac{1}{z^3}\right)^{-1}= (1+\frac{1}{z} + \frac{1}{2! z^2} + ...) (1-\frac{1}{z^3} +...) = 1+\frac{1}{z} + O(\frac{1}{z^2})$$
(the Laurent series converging for $|z|=3$) and the result follows by residue calculus.

A: With the substitution $z\to \frac{1}{w}$ we have that $\frac{z^3 e^{1/z}}{z^3+1}\,dz$ is mapped into
$$-\frac{e^w}{w^5+w^2}\,dw $$
and the integration range $|z|=3$, counter-clockwise oriented, is mapped into the integration range $|w|=\frac{1}{3}$, clockwise oriented. It follows that
$$ \oint_{|z|=3}\frac{z^3 e^{1/z}}{z^3+1}\,dz = \oint_{|w|=\frac{1}{3}}\frac{e^w}{w^5+w^2}\,dw =2\pi i\cdot\text{Res}\left(\frac{e^w}{w^5+w^2},w=0\right)$$
where $w=0$ is a double pole for the new integrand function, and the only one enclosed by the integration path. Since in a neighbourhood of the origin we have
$$ \frac{e^w}{1+w^3} = 1+w+O(w^2) $$
the wanted residue equals $1$ and
$$ \oint_{|z|=3}\frac{z^3 e^{1/z}}{z^3+1}\,dz = \color{red}{2\pi i}.$$


As many of you have been wondering if we were going to do Crysis: Warhead the standalone expansion to Crysis. The answer is yes, we have another start to finish marathon on Crysis: Warhead. This marathon features a full cast consisting of Mempf, Teclis, Biske and Kaisuke.
Both HD and SD versions will be available with the SD version in our new player and both HD and SD downloadable.


Roman copper alloy as of Vespasian, AD 69-79 (Reece period 4). Reverse: SALVS? Standing female over altar.
Copper alloy, Dupondius of Domitian, AD 88-89,(Reece period 4), FORTVNAE AVG VSTI. Fortuna standing left holding rudder and cornucopia. Rome, RIC 371.
Roman copper alloy As of Vespasian, AD69-79.
Roman copper alloy As of Vespasian, Eagle reverse, Lyon mint?, 69-79 (RIC322).
Spatial data recorded. This findspot is known as 'Eaton', grid reference and parish protected.
Roman copper alloy sestertius of Domitian, 86, Rome (RIC493).
Roman plated copy of a denarius of Domitian as Caesar, 73, Rome (RIC232).
Roman copper alloy As or Dupondius of Vespasian, very worn.
Roman copper alloy dupondius of Vespasian, Rome, 69-79.
Roman copper alloy As? of Vespasian?
Roman copper alloy As of Domitian.
Roman copper alloy As of Titus? 68-91AD.
Roman copper alloy Sestertius of Domitian (RIC358).
Roman silver and copper alloy denarius of Vespasian 17mm in diameter, 2mm thick and weighing 2.40 grams.
Roman copper alloy Dupondius or As of Domitian? 25mm in diameter.
Roman copper alloy sestertius, probably of Domitian, 33mm in diameter, 4mm thick and weighing 18.68grams.
Roman copper alloy duponius probably of Vespasian or Titus?.
Roman copper alloy dupondius or as, 28mm in diameter, 1.5mm thick and weighing 6.94 grams. The coin is in fair condition with a copper patina, having been cleaned. The obverse shows right facing male bust, possibly Domitian? some letters are just visible D M ...P or R. Reverse shows faintest trace of a standing female figure.
Copper alloy Roman dupondii of Domitian?, 16mm in diameter and very worn. The obverse shows bust facing right inscription reads S DOMITIA, rest of coin including the reverse is completely worn away.


J. Jonah Jameson: He doesn't want to be famous? Then I'll make him INfamous!
When Norman is getting ready to test himself, he lies down on the bed, fastens himself in and the doctor goes to the computer. However, when it shows him being brought in to the chamber he has several electrodes connected to his chest and head.
"Bone-Saw" McGraw is played by real-life wrestler "Macho Man" Randy Savage.


text:
Q: How does Einstein STO handle unengaged users? If any of you have experience with Einstein STO, how does it handle the unengaged users?
Is there a way to see these users within SFMC tool upon deployment?
Also, is there a way to control scheduling/sending these groups of users?
Thanks!

A: Question: Is there a way to see these users within SFMC tool upon deployment?
Answer:
You can see aggregated data on the STO dashboard and search individual Contact IDs, but you cannot currently see any type of list of users that are unassigned to an optimal send time ("pending"). I also cannot see any data extension with the raw data like for Einstein Engagement Frequency or Engagement Splits.

Question: is there a way to control scheduling/sending these groups of users?
Answer: You can just check the Journey Builder STO event which refers to two options for this.
"When Einstein doesn't have enough data, messages send according to the Insufficient Data Options specified in Einstein in Setup."
Setup / Einstein / Send Time Optimization :
"Insufficient Data Options:
Select a send time for when Einstein doesn't have enough data about a contact to make a prediction.
a) Send at Einstein's optimal default time:

b) Send immediately"


text:
Q: WebSocket connection delayed in Mojolicious I suppose I'm doing something dumb in my Mojolicious WebSocket and there is an easy solution.
I have a form that when POSTed initiates a WebSocket for receiving progress text. The problem is that the connection doesn't complete until after I issue the finish() command. At that point, my browser actually opens the the socket and receives all of the messages.
I assume that I'm doing something wrong on the server-side, but I can't rule out the javascript as the problem.
javascript
$(document).ready(function() {
  $("form.report_form").submit(function(event) {
    event.preventDefault();

/* do the POSTy things */

    var ws = new WebSocket($('#progress_url').val());
    ws.onopen = function(){ alert('websocket is ready for business')};
    ws.onmessage = function (event) {
      console.log(event.data);
    }
  });

/* stuff to configure the form */

});

Mojolicious Controller
package WebLOC::Controller::Progress;
use Mojo::Base 'Mojolicious::Controller';

sub tail {
    my $self = shift;

    my ($guid)
        = $self->url_for
        =~ /([0-9A-F]{8}-[0-9A-F]{4}-[0-9A-F]{4}-[0-9A-F]{4}-[0-9A-F]{12})/;

    my $filename = "/tmp/$guid.out";

    my $fh;
    my $is_open = open( $fh, '<', $filename );
    unless ($is_open) {    # try one more time
        sleep 1;
        $is_open = open( $fh, '<', $filename );
    }

    if ($is_open) {
        $self->inactivity_timeout( 5 * 60 );

        # shouldn't need a subscription, but...
        $self->on( finish => sub { } );

        while ( my $msg = <$fh> ) {
            chomp $msg;

            $self->send(
                $msg => sub { $self->app->log->debug('I am drained') } );

            $self->app->log->debug("read: $msg");
        }
    }
    else {
        $self->app->log->error("Can't open file $filename: $!");

        return;
    }

    $self->finish;

    return 0;
}

1;

Sample Application
select STDOUT;
$|=1;

say "1 of 3";
sleep 3;
say "2 of 3";
sleep 3;
say "3 of 3";
sleep 3;
exit;

Mojolicious Log
[Wed Nov 22 14:35:31 2017] [debug] GET "/progress/53898C2E-CFC8-11E7-B15D-BCDD6A63D34C"
[Wed Nov 22 14:35:31 2017] [debug] Routing to controller "WebLOC::Controller::Auth" and action "check"
[Wed Nov 22 14:35:31 2017] [debug] Routing to controller "WebLOC::Controller::Progress" and action "tail"
[Wed Nov 22 14:35:31 2017] [debug] 101 Switching Protocols (0.008343s, 119.861/s)
[Wed Nov 22 14:35:33 2017] [debug] read: 1 of 3
[Wed Nov 22 14:35:36 2017] [debug] read: 2 of 3
[Wed Nov 22 14:35:39 2017] [debug] read: 3 of 3
[Wed Nov 22 14:35:42 2017] [debug] I am drained
[Wed Nov 22 14:35:42 2017] [debug] I am drained
[Wed Nov 22 14:35:42 2017] [debug] I am drained

The log shows that the file reads (and WS sends) are happening in real-time, but the sends aren't drained until the end. I can also see that the WebSocket is not showing established(). On the client side, I don't get the onopen alert(), nor the onmessage console logs, until after the connection is closed on the server.
SOLVED
The best I can tell a WebSocket is not ready to be used until after your controller exits. I assume there is a way to force it to work prior to this, but I sure couldn't figure it out.
I changed my design. Rather than trying to immediately send data to the socket, I store the tx() object in a stash hash. I then have the script's output do the the sends to that transaction.
Mojolicious Application
$self->defaults( layout => 'default', websockets => {}, );
...
$auth->websocket('/progress/:guid')->to('progress#websocket');

WebSocket Controller
sub websocket {
    my $self = shift;

    my $guid = $self->stash('guid');

    $self->on( finish => sub { delete $self->stash->{websockets}{$guid} } );

    $self->stash->{websockets}{$guid} = $self->tx;
}

Report Controller
my $fork = Mojo::IOLoop::ReadWriteFork->new;

$fork->on(
    read => sub {
        my ( undef, $msg ) = @_;

        chomp $msg;

        my $websocket = $self->stash->{websockets}{$key};

        $websocket->send($msg) if $websocket;
    }
);

$fork->on(
    close => sub {
        my ( undef, $err ) = @_;

        my $websocket = $self->stash->{websockets}{$key};

        $websocket->finish if $websocket;

    }
);


text:
Realtime Gaming Offers New Snowmania Slot
Realtime Gaming usually gets in a few solid new releases each year that make a pretty big dent in the business, and their latest release is looking like it could be one of the best of those for 2016. Snowmania is their newest video slot, and it features a winter theme. This game is to be released on November 23 at Springbok Casino initially, but it will be available at other sites not long after that.
What's Included in This Game
RTG has used 3D graphics in this game to give players a chance to really feel like they're walking through a winter wonderland while they enjoy solid slot action. It will be released on both desktop and mobile to give players a lot of flexibility on how thye want to enjoy this title as well. The wild symbol shows up on the middle three reels, and the main gameplay is based on an appropriately named avalanche feature. Winning symbols are crushed and fall out of the way for new symbols to fall into their place, and this gives you chances for even more wins.
There are also multipliers that come along with this avalanche feature. You get a 2x multiplier after a single crush, 3x after the second crush and 5x for every spin after that. You can also pick up three or more of the present bonus symbol for a set of 10 free spins with a 3x multiplier that compounds with the avalanche multipliers to give you total prizes worth up to 15 times their face value in the pay table.
What Snowmania Means for RTG
Snowmania might just seem like a standard-issue winter slot release to some, but it's a part of a bigger part of what Realtime Gaming has been doing for years now. After getting a ton of criticism for the quality of their games for quite a while, they decided to turn things around completely, and they have been putting out extremely high-quality content ever since. Snowmania is an excellent example of this, and it just goes to show that you can teach one of the oldest online casino software companies in the business (around since 1999) new tricks.
Press Release, New Slot Snowmania to Launch at Springbok Casino, November 23 businesswire.com, October 25, 2016
Software Name NuWorks
Theme Sports, Winter
Snowmania
Software Name Real Time Gaming
Theme Ice, Winter, Christmas, New Year
Dive Into Scuba Fishing Slot From RTG
Tian Di Yuan Su Slot Released By Realtime Gaming


Scotland's small and rural towns are critical to the country's economic and social fabric and should be a priority in any future economic strategy, according to the chief executive of Scotland's Towns Partnership.
Speaking at the STP's annual parliamentary reception. Phil Prentice praised the work that many local communities and businesses are doing to regenerate their local town centres and develop action plans for the future.
He pointed to the revised Business Improvement Districts model, and the new £50 million Town Centre Fund announced by the Scottish Government as major opportunities for further growth in both small and rural towns.
Prentice also highlighted the shift towards lifestyle service economies in local towns and the critical importance of infrastructure and connectivity.
STP is the national body for Scotland's towns and all those who work to support the country's towns and city districts; a hub to help people learn, connect, find practical support and advice, and share good practice and knowledge.
The chair of Scotland's Towns Partnership Professor Leigh Sparks, said: "Much of the vitality and regeneration we are currently seeing in small and rural towns across Scotland is as a result of local businesses and communities taking it upon themselves to improve local economic conditions.
"Models such as Business Improvement Districts and other town centre forums are starting to deliver real impact in local towns, which must evolve with changing trends.
Communities Secretary Aileen Campbell MSP said:"Communities across Scotland are doing fantastic work in our towns.
The public sector is providing £350 million through the new Town Centre Fund 2019/20 which is a partnership between the Scottish Government and local council umbrella body COSLA.
He went on: "We want our high streets and town centres across Scotland to be vibrant, creative, enterprising and accessible.
"These centres are at the heart of our communities and the lifeblood of our country so it is essential that we support them to become more diverse and sustainable.
"The question is what the future holds for these towns in the context of the decline in some of the major industries of the past.
"A closer look, however, highlights that the spirit of reinvention is very much alive. Some towns have totally reinvented – Wigtown as the Book Town, West Kilbride as the Craft Town, Kirkcudbright as the Art Town, Oban for Seafood, Dunoon and Fort William as outdoor leisure specialists.
"Towns like Inverurie, Prestwick, Gourock and Kilmalcolm are all beginning to see a strong rise in the growth of independent and high quality local niche retail.
"It is crucial that local and national government continues to support the transition and evolution of Scotland's small and rural towns given the challenges we face in business demographics and rural depopulation.


With a score of 311 in commercial, training and demand generation activities, TAS is ranked seventh in the Oracle Mission Euro competition.The competition was launched by Oracle in June 2015 and closed at the end of April this year.
Oracle Mission Euro contest encourages partners to share the priorities and the Oracle strategy, increasing skills on solutions and fostering mutual profit growth.
Once again, TAS Group's performance demonstrates the strong synergy developed through years of collaboration as Oracle Gold Partner, the sound Oracle skills of the company's professionals and the acceleration during the past months in the specialization on engineered systems and on the Oracle Cloud technology, embraced primarily within the applications developments based on Oracle Fusion.


Optimal has developed a bespoke machine vision system for the real-time 100 percent inspection of a thin film product used in the manufacture of electronic components. The new system builds on Optimal's 26 years of systems integration experience and makes use of the company's synTI® integrated Print and Inspect system software.
Optimal's customer for the new system wanted to replace its previous sample-based quality assurance regime with a more detailed 100 percent inspection approach, but it was concerned that its high manufacturing rates and detailed inspection requirements would make the required level of speed and accuracy difficult to achieve. The material travels at relatively high speed, and the inspection system needs to spot tiny defects in a web 900mm wide, as well as recording very accurate dimensional measurements.
Optimal tackled the problem with a system that uses three, synchronized high resolution, high speed contact image sensors (CIS) installed on the customer's production line between the manufacture of the film material and downstream slitting and packaging operations. One camera inspects the top of the web of material; the other two are focused on the underside.
The inspection system checks for defects in bands of dark and light coloured coatings on the film, and measures the precise width of the coloured bands. The inspection data is processed by the synTI® software and displayed in real time on the production line, so that operators can check the performance of their upstream processes and make any adjustments or interventions necessary to keep quality within the required tolerance limits.
A summary of the inspection information is also sent automatically to label printing equipment to be added to every batch of material prior to dispatch, and all data is stored in an online database to permit later management review.
With three high resolution sensors each running at up to 10kHz frame rate, the system can generate and manage up to a Gigabit of data every second, although the actual stored data is not that high as the software is able to process the raw data into more a more manageable format.
The synTI® software used to run the film inspection system runs on four powerful PCs which are housed with the rest of the control hardware in a racked cabinet, also built-up and supplied by Optimal.
This combination of highly capable sensors, fast data transfer and powerful processing capabilities is allowing Optimal to solve an increasing number of challenging inspection problems for its customers "Modern cameras can do measurements, or use advanced tools like feature recognition or optical character recognition too," notes Norwood.
While Optimal is often asked to develop systems for continuous manufacturing applications like this example, its skills are also increasingly being used in high speed discrete manufacturing, where they have been applied to a range of tasks, including the detection of marks, stains and defects, non contact measurement and the identification of products by vision, character recognition or code reading tools.


You are invited to the first ever Spartan Bride Challenge at Riverside Farm in Pittsfield, Vermont on October 17-18, 2015!
Join us as we team up with Spartan Race to host this exciting event. Brides to be will compete against other Spartan brides to see who can make the fastest run up the mountain and back by way of the Green Mountain Trails.
The fastest bride will win a free wedding reception here at Riverside Farm. The contest will be filmed and televised.
To enter, click here. The first 15 brides selected will receive free lodging October 17-18.
What makes this event unique? First, it's a Unique opportunity experience Vermont in the peak of Fall Foliage, running an iconic hand built stone staircase to the top of the world then back down winding single track trails through the woods. Second, if you're the fastest future bride you'll win a free wedding reception at a spectacular wedding venue. Third, for Spartan fans see where it all began! This is where Spartan Race founder Joe DeSena was inspired to create the Spartan Race. How often do you get the opportunity to win a destination wedding for doing something that's good for you, with like minded athletes that have embraced the Spartan lifestyle.


NOTE FOR SHIPPING: If shipping is required, postal fees to USA will be added upon checkout. For those requesting mail service to the Territories of the USA, please put United States in the box after the telephone number and the Territory [ie GUAM] in the "Region" box. For international orders please email info@guamology.com.


text:
Effects of Pruning at Planting on Pecan Trunk Development and Total Shoot Growth
Authors: Frederic B. Ouedraogo1, B. Wade Brorsen2, Jon T. Biermacher3, and Charles T. Rohla3
1 American Veterinary Medical Association, Schaumburg, IL 60173
| 2 Department of Agricultural Economics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078
| 3 Noble Research Institute, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, OK 73401
https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTTECH04535-19
Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) trees were pruned using varying intensities at planting to determine the effect of pruning on trunk development and shoot growth. Data on trunk diameter, number and length of shoots, as well as the total shoot growth were recorded annually from a completely randomized design experiment that assigned 0%, 50%, and 75% pruning of above-ground height to single-trunk transplants. The results suggest that pruning intensity has little effect on trunk diameter. The pruned trees had fewer shoots initially and more growth per shoot, leading to a difference of 7 cm/shoot higher for the 50% pruning group than the control group and to a difference of 11 cm/shoot higher for the 75% pruning group compared with the control group. The total length of all shoots was not significantly different across treatments. Because previous research has sometimes shown that pruning increases tree survival and this research shows that trees can recover from pruning, there is no need to change the current recommendation of pruning seedlings at planting.
Keywords: caliper; Carya illinoinensis; limb length; scion; trunk diameter
When trees are dug from the nursery, a portion of the root system may be lost, therefore the trees can struggle because of lack of stored carbohydrates in the intact root system (Khan et al., 1998). If vigor is increased then, in theory, the trees will start production earlier. Both the root system and the shoot system work jointly to satisfy the resource need of the plant and thus promote growth and stimulate development (Puig et al., 2012; Su et al., 2011). The root system ensures the uptake of water and vital minerals while the shoot system accomplishes reproductive functions and manages photosynthetic activities. When one system faces a resource hardship or a disruption of its initial equilibrium, a signal is sent to the other system (Bahrun et al., 2002; Brewer et al., 2013; Kudo et al., 2010), which may react to the new austerity condition. Because roots are typically lost during transplanting, the roots may be unable to support as much stem and shoots as they could before transplanting and so trees are often pruned at planting.
Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) is a multipurpose tree that can be grown at a commercial scale for timber or nuts or as ornamental trees. One unknown is how much pruning at planting is necessary for proper pecan-tree development. Wells (2017) recommends to "prune 1/3 to 1/2 of the top of the tree and remove any branches to compensate for the large percentage of roots lost when the trees are dug." Wood (1996) found reducing trunk height up to 75% had no effect on tree survival, but did increase growth rate so that there was no difference in the height of pruned and unpruned tress after 3 years; however, Smith and Johnson (1981) found that survival was increased by pruning the tops at planting by 25% or 50%. Like Wood (1996), Smith and Johnson (1981) also found that pruning increased growth. Meadows and Toliver (1987) found that pecan trees clipped to a 10-inch top had recovered to be the same height as unclipped trees after 3 years.
The purpose of this study was to determine if pruning the tops of the single-trunk trees at planting increases vigor of the trees. In the experiment, the tops of bare-root trees were pruned by 50% or 75% at planting. The hypotheses considered are 1) pruning newly established pecan trees increases trunk diameter, 2) pruning of newly established single-trunk tree scions will lead to fewer, but longer shoots, and 3) pruning will lead to higher total shoot growth. The findings generally support the second hypothesis and the third hypothesis only in year 1.
Experimental design and data.
In Feb. 2007, bare-root pecan trees were planted at the Noble Research Institute's McMillan Research and Demonstration Farm near the community of Madill, OK (lat. 34°2′10.4238″N, long. 96°56′27.0378″W; elevation 236 m). Trees were sourced from a nursery as a compound tree (3-year-old roots and a 1-year-old scion) with a single trunk, planted in augured 8 × 18-inch holes. The single-trunk trees (N = 21) had diameters (± sd) of 136 ± 8 inches. The trees were grafted 'Kanza' pecans on 'Apache' rootstock, were planted at a spacing of 35 × 35 ft on Bastrop fine sandy loam soil (taxonomic class: fine-loamy, mixed, active, thermic Udic Paleustalfs). The soil was well drained, with a depth to the water table of more than 80 inches. Tree roots on all trees were trimmed to 18 inches using cutting shears to fit into the augured hole without twisting roots (McCraw and Smith, 1998; Smith and Johnson, 1981). Trees were assigned to one of three pruning treatments in a completely randomized design: 0%, 50%, and 75% pruning of above-ground height. After pruning, mean tree height was 136, 68, and 34 inches for the 0%, 50%, and 75% treatments, respectively. The 50% and 75% treatments each made use of seven trees with each individual tree serving as a replication. The 0% control treatment only used six trees because one tree died shortly after planting. A 6-ft vegetation-free strip was maintained using glyphosate at a rate of 1.5 qt/acre per year along the row of trees throughout the study. Trees were fertilized with zinc sulfate foliar sprays at a rate of 2 lb/acre every 2 weeks from budbreak through August. Each tree received 0.5 lb/tree of 46N–0P–0K (urea) in May of year 1, and 2 lb/tree 46N–0P–0K the following years. No diseases were present during the study; however, foliar-feeding insects, including pecan catocala (Catocala sp.), serpentine leafminer (Stigmella junglandifoliella), unicorn caterpillar (Schizura unicornis), pecan budmoth (Gretchena boliana), glassy-winged sharpshooter (Homaladiaca vitripennis), grasshopper (Caelifera), and june beetles (Phyllophaga sp.) were controlled using 0.75 lb/acre chlorpyrifos (Lorsban 4E; Dow AgroSciences, Indianapolis, IN) as needed throughout the study. Trees were irrigated with a solid-set sprinkler system with a riser located next to each tree receiving 0.5 acre-inch irrigation water per week, except when natural rainfall occurred.
One year after planting, and each subsequent year of the trial, the trunk diameter (millimeters) for each tree was measured at 2 ft above the soil line using a digital caliper (Traceable Products, Webster, TX). In addition, the number of shoots were counted and recorded, and the length of shoots measured. Measurements were recorded each year after leaf drop during tree dormancy between December and February each year. The growth of every shoot on the tree was measured each year. Total shoot growth was calculated and recorded for each tree in each year as the summation across all shoots of growth in shoot length.
To determine whether pruning alters trunk development, a mixed model with treatment fixed effect (capturing the effect of pruning on trunk diameter) and replicate random effect (capturing the intrinsic differences between experimental subjects) was used. The trunk diameters were compared across the three treatment groups (0%, 50%, and 75% pruned). The MIXED Procedure in SAS (SAS/STAT version 14.1 in SAS version 9.4; SAS Institute, Cary, NC) was used to estimate the parameters of the model (Littell et al., 1996).
The MIXED procedure was used to analyze both the number and average length of shoots. Both models were assumed to be mixed with tree random effect and the fixed effect of the treatment. For determining the pruning effects on total shoot growth (number of shoots times average length of shoots) a similar mixed model was used.
Trunk diameter.
The mean diameter, the annual incremental growth, and the percent change in diameter for each treatment group are presented in Table 1. For measurements taken 1 year after establishment, the descriptive statistics show that the average trunk diameter was higher for the untreated group (25 mm) followed by the 75%-pruned group (22 mm), and the 50%-pruned group had the lowest diameter (20 mm).
Average trunk diameter and annual growth of young 'Kanza' pecan trees with respect to 0%, 50%, and 75% pruning intensity.
During the second year of observation (2009), the annual increment analysis showed that the group with 50% intensity of pruning had increased on average by 8.6 mm (44% change in diameter), whereas the control group and the 75% group both increased 6.8 mm. However, in terms of percentage change in diameter, the control group had the lowest change (30%).
During the final year of observation (2010), the results indicate that the 50% pruning group had an increment increase in diameter of 18.8 mm compared with 2009. The control had increased by 13.6 mm, whereas the 75% pruning group had increased by 13.5 mm. Overall, trees in the control group had increased by 20.4 mm, trees that received 50% pruning had increased by 27.5 mm, and those with the 75% pruning intensity had increased by 20.2 mm during the 3-year period following their establishment.
Although there were some variations in trunk diameter across treatment groups, the analysis of variance did not find enough evidence of a statistically significant effect of pruning on trunk diameter. The probability value of the Duncan test was greater than the threshold level of 0.05.
Number and length of shoots.
The analysis looked at the number of shoots added on average per plant and the average shoot growth across the three treatment groups at 1, 2, and 3 years after establishment, as well as the average growth per shoot. In the first 2 years, the unpruned trees had more shoots (Table 2). However, by year 3 the pruned trees had added more shoots than the control trees, leading to no difference in mean number of shoots at the end of the observation period (2010).
Number of shoots and growth per shoot of 'Kanza' pecan trees in relation to year of planting and pruning intensity.
Average growth per shoot for the treated groups was significantly higher than for the control group. Trees that received 50% pruning at planting had an average limb growth 5.6 cm higher than the control trees. Those that were initially pruned at 75% had an average growth of 11 cm higher than the control group and 5 cm more than the 50% treatment group.
These findings were supported by previous work by Smith and Johnson (1981) who found that pecan trees that received either 25% or 50% top pruning maintain high shoot growth rates compared with trees that did not receive any pruning.
Shoup et al. (1980) found similar results for 5-year-old pecan trees. Essentially, their study suggested that 15% top pruning increases shoot growth over no pruning.
Total shoot growth.
Although the total shoot growth (Table 3) was higher for the pruned trees, the differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Wood (1996) found that pruned trees eventually grew more than unpruned trees so that there was no difference in total shoot length growth after 3 years. Note that although statistical significance was not found, Bayesian analysis with a prior distribution that implies pruning leads to more growth would yield a posterior distribution quite similar to the prior distribution. Thus, the results are consistent with the current practice of pruning trees at the time of transplanting.
Total shoot growth of 'Kanza' pecan trees in response to 0%, 50%, and 75% pruning of scion at planting.
Young pecan trees were subjected to three levels of pruning (0%, 50%, and 75%) to determine the effects of pruning intensity on trunk size and shoot growth. Pruning stimulated little or no effect on trunk diameter development. Pruning stimulates growth per shoot. Trees with no pruning initially had more shoots, but the average shoot length was less than for trees that received 50% or 75% of pruning. By year 3, the number of shoots on all trees was similar, but the trees that had received pruning continued to have greater average shoot growth. The total length of all shoots was initially higher for the trees with no pruning, but the pruned trees had closed the gap by year 3. Thus, the results show that the trees recovered well from severe pruning.
The Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service (2019) recommends cutting off the top half of the tree when planting a bare-root tree. The results here are insufficient to argue that this recommendation needs to change. The results do suggest that for irrigated trees like those considered here, there is no need to worry about being too exact on how much of the tree is pruned, because it did not matter much whether 3/4 of the top was removed or none at all.
Bahrun, A., Jensen, C.R., Asch, F. & Mogensen, V.O. 2002 Drought induced changes in xylem pH, ionic composition, and ABA concentration act as early signals in field-grown maize (Zea mays L.) J. Expt. Bot. 53 251 263
Bahrun,A.Jensen,C.R.Asch,F.Mogensen,V.O.2002Drought induced changes in xylem pH, ionic composition, and ABA concentration act as early signals in field-grown maize (Zea mays L.)J. Expt. Bot.53251263)| false
Brewer, P.B., Koltai, H. & Beveridge, C.A. 2013 Diverse roles of strigolactones in plant development Mol. Plant 6 18 28
Brewer,P.B.Koltai,H.Beveridge,C.A.2013Diverse roles of strigolactones in plant developmentMol. Plant61828)| false
Khan, U.Z., McNeil, D.L. & Samad, A. 1998 Root pruning of apple trees growth at ultra-high density affects carbohydrate reserves distribution in vegetative and reproductive growth N. Z. J. Crop Hort. Sci. 26 291 297
Khan,U.Z.McNeil,D.L.Samad,A.1998Root pruning of apple trees growth at ultra-high density affects carbohydrate reserves distribution in vegetative and reproductive growthN. Z. J. Crop Hort. Sci.26291297)| false
Kudo, T., Kiba, T. & Sakakibara, H. 2010 Metabolism and long-distance translocation of cytokinins J. Integr. Plant Biol. 52 53 60
Kudo,T.Kiba,T.Sakakibara,H.2010Metabolism and long-distance translocation of cytokininsJ. Integr. Plant Biol.525360)| false
Littell, R.C., Milliken, G.A., Stroup, W.W. & Wolfinger, R.D. 1996 SAS system for mixed models. SAS Inst., New York, NY
McCraw, B.D. & Smith, M.W. 1998 Root pruning and soil type affect pecan root regeneration HortTechnology 8 573 575
McCraw,B.D.Smith,M.W.1998Root pruning and soil type affect pecan root regenerationHortTechnology8573575)| false
Meadows, J.S. & Toliver, J.R. 1987 Three-year response of pecan to six methods of seedling establishment South. J. Appl. For. 11 56 59
Meadows,J.S.Toliver,J.R.1987Three-year response of pecan to six methods of seedling establishmentSouth. J. Appl. For.115659)| false
Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service 2019 Starting pecan trees. Oklahoma State Univ. Ext. Fact Sheet 6207
Puig, J., Pauluzzi, G., Guiderdoni, E. & Gantet, P. 2012 Regulation of shoot and root development through mutual signaling Mol. Plant 5 974 983
Puig,J.Pauluzzi,G.Guiderdoni,E.Gantet,P.2012Regulation of shoot and root development through mutual signalingMol. Plant5974983)| false
Shoup, S., Reavis, R. & Whitcomb, C.E. 1980 Effects of pruning and fertilizers on establishment of bare root deciduous trees. Oklahoma Agr. Exp. Sta. Res. Rep. P-803
Smith, M.W. & Johnson, J.L. 1981 The effect of top pruning and root length on growth and survival of transplanted pecan trees Pecan Qrtly. 15 20 22
Smith,M.W.Johnson,J.L.1981The effect of top pruning and root length on growth and survival of transplanted pecan treesPecan Qrtly.152022)| false
Su, Y., Liu, Y. & Zhang, X. 2011 Auxin-cytokinin interaction regulates meristem development Mol. Plant 4 616 625
Su,Y.Liu,Y.Zhang,X.2011Auxin-cytokinin interaction regulates meristem developmentMol. Plant4616625)| false
Wells, N. 2017 Establishing a pecan orchard. Univ. Georgia Ext., Georgia Coop. Ext. Bul. 1314
Wood, B.W. 1996 Establishing pecan transplants HortTechnology 6 276 279
Wood,B.W.1996Establishing pecan transplantsHortTechnology6276279)| false
The research was primarily supported by the Noble Research Institute, LLC. Support was also received from the A.J. and Susan Jacques Chair, as well as the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station and U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture Hatch Project number OKL02939.
C.T.R. is the corresponding author. E-mail: ctrohla@noble.org.
Volume 30 (2020): Issue 2 (Apr 2020)
caliper; Carya illinoinensis; limb length; scion; trunk diameter
Article by Frederic B. Ouedraogo
Article by B. Wade Brorsen
Article by Jon T. Biermacher
Article by Charles T. Rohla


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Exxon Mobil Stock: Will Energy Giants Exxon, Chevron Follow OPEC's Lead?
Coming off record profits in the second-quarter, Exxon Mobil (XOM) and Chevron (CVX) are expected to again see Q3 earnings skyrocket when they report later this week. Capital spending guidance from the two energy giants will be will be of crucial interest, as U.S. oil producers have sat on their hands, keeping production essentially flat, while gasoline and diesel prices soar. Both Exxon Mobil stock and Chevron shares edged up Wednesday.
Now with recession and possible demand destruction in the forecasts, it remains to be seen whether Exxon Mobil and Chevron will heed President Joe Biden and increase production or follow OPEC's lead and keep the production reins tight.
In early October, the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and its key allies including Russia, known as OPEC+, decided to cut their oil production by 2 million barrels per day in November. The group had been warning of a possible production cut, due to forecasts calling for economic slowing and a lower outlook for energy demand.
Meanwhile, Biden has been releasing millions of barrels of oil from the U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserve, attempting to hold down U.S. oil and fuel costs ahead of the looming midterms elections.
"My message to oil companies is: You're sitting on record profits, and we're giving you more certainty. So you can act now to increase oil production now," Biden said during an Oct. 19 speech.
U.S. crude futures jumped more than 3% to more than $88 a barrel Wednesday as U.S. exports hit record levels and refineries ran at particularly strong levels. Meanwhile, U.S. natural gas prices recovered from an early dive to trade up around $5.68 per million British thermal units. Last week, futures dropped below $5 per million Btu to the lowest prices in seven months.
Oil Companies Prioritize Buybacks Over Production Gains
On Wednesday, the average price of gasoline at the pump was $3.76, according to AAA — around 12% above year-ago levels.
Exxon Mobil Stock: Earnings
Estimates: Wall Street forecasts earnings per share surging 140% to $3.80 per share. Analysts predict sales vaulting 42% to $104.6 billion. Wall Street is also predicting capital expenditures coming in at $5 billion in Q3, an increase of 72% year over year, according to FactSet.
Results: Check Friday morning.
Exxon Mobil stock advanced 1.2% during Wednesday market trading. XOM shares are trading in a buy zone above a 105.67 buy point, according to MarketSmith. Trading volume on the breakout has remained well below 40% of its 50-day average, the threshold to confirm a breakout.
XOM stock has been outperforming the S&P 500 since it made a strong move on Oct. 13.
In early October, Irving, Texas-based Exxon signaled natural gas prices would support strong third-quarter demand expectations. Despite steep growth estimates, the energy giant projects it will not match its Q2 profits as oil prices have retreated along with refining and chemical segment profits.
In Q2, Exxon Mobil earnings soared 276% to $4.14 per share. Sales spiked 70% to $115.7 billion. Exxon Mobil's capital investments totaled $9.5 billion for first half of 2022. Management said this was in line with its full-year guidance of $21 billion-$24 billion.
Jefferies analyst Lloyd Byrne on Oct. 18 upgraded XOM stock to Buy from Hold with a price target of $133, up from $90.
Byrne said Exxon has cut capital expenditures from its recent highs of $31 billion in 2019. He expects spending will be about $17 billion in 2022, well below the company's estimates.
"We continue to be positive on Exxon across its divisions, as we see strong but targeted upstream growth in high-value and low-cost projects," Byrne wrote. He added that he sees "higher exposure to downstream elements enabling the company to capitalize on higher mid-cycle refining margins, and an energy transition strategy that plays to its strengths."
Exxon Mobil stock has a perfect Composite Rating of 99. It has a 97 Relative Strength Rating, an exclusive IBD Stock Checkup gauge for share-price movement. The EPS Rating is 80.
Chevron Earnings
Estimates: Analysts expect earnings to grow 63% to $4.82 per share. Wall Street forecasts revenue jumping 28% to $57.4 billion. Chevron's capital expenditure is predicted to be a little more than $3 billion in Q3, slowing to 7% growth year over year, according to FactSet.
Results: Check Friday before the market opens.
Chevron shares were up 1.3% Wednesday. CVX stock has been climbing toward a 182.50 buy point, according to MarketSmith. The stock advanced above its 50-day moving average on Oct. 11. It has now shot up 13% in the last two weeks, and has a 52% gain for the year.
In Q2, Chevron earnings per share leapt 240% to $5.82. Revenue spiked 83% to $68.7 billion in the second quarter. CVX's capital spending in the first half of the year increased 26% to $6.7 billion. That was up from $5.3 billion in 2021. Chevron CFO Pierre Breber told investors in late July he expected CVX to end 2022 below its $15 billion spending budget.
The California-based energy giant produced 1.72 million oil-equivalent barrels per day in the second quarter. That was a decrease of 266,000 barrels per day vs. Q2 2021.
Chevron shares rank 10th in IBD's Oil&Gas-Integrated industry group. The stock has a 98 Composite Rating and a Relative Strength Rating of 96. Additionally, it has an 80 EPS Rating.
Please follow Kit Norton on Twitter @KitNorton for more coverage.
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Value-Add Software: The Risks for Storage Managers
Storage buyers have been conditioned to look for ever-greater "value." We explain why this behavior is so risky.
By Jon William Toigo
In last week's column ("Why Data Protection Budgets are in Trouble," http://esj.com/Storage/article.aspx?EditorialsID=3481) I raised the conflict between what vendors offer and what storage professionals need. I explained that placing functionality where it belongs is often in conflict with the vendor community's desire to appear as though they are delivering more value in their product every quarter by adding features and functions to the array controller. Vendors have been effective at setting consumer expectations. Buyers now look for ever-greater "value," and vendors usually respond by providing more embedded software functionality on each generation of their array products.
That's risky. As promised, this week I'll explain why.
To begin, increasing the complexity of the embedded system on the array controller by adding new "value-add" functionality seems to increase the number of obstacles to any sort of common management scheme. That is a bad thing because status monitoring is the first line of defense in data disaster prevention. We need advance notice of hot spots, burgeoning disk failures, and volume usage if we are to avoid calamity.
I am not alone in stressing the importance of management. Ask Mark Urdahl, CEO of Virtual Instruments, whose Netwisdom wares are pointed squarely at analyzing and reporting on traffic in a Fibre Channel fabric. He observes that a core problem of the contemporary FC "SAN" is that you can't see what is going on inside the contraption: "It's a black box." Some hardware vendors provide their own management tool sets with their boxes, Urdahl notes, "but some of these tools actually stop applications while they take measurements." That's enough to interfere with the accuracy of the measurement, let alone the problems it can create from an operations standpoint: think Heisenberg Principle.
Building on Urdahl's observations, it should come as no surprise that surveys find SAN failures occurring more frequently than server failures these days (excluding, perhaps, virtual servers). Bottom line: common management is essential to effective disaster prevention and stovepipe array makers are impairing our ability to manage our fabrics and arrays. Their solution is to sell the consumer two, or even three, copies of their gear and some expensive "value-add" software for replicating data between them -- just to be safe.
A second problem has to do with the definition of "value-add" software. Does thin provisioning add value on the array? Some vendors, including 3PAR and Compellent, have been saying so for years and have many customer testimonials to the value that thin provisioning delivers in terms of time-savings and labor-cost savings for capacity management.
In a thin provisioning array, secret algorithms forecast the capacity demands of applications using the storage kit. This enables a smart process to use capacity already allocated to applications but which is not currently being used to support the demands of other apps sharing the array. This thin provisioning intelligence notifies the consumer when more capacity needs to be added, presumably well in advance of any shortfall. If this works as advertised, nobody needs to manage capacity anymore and storage professionals can be reassigned to other duties (or pink slipped altogether).
So successful have been the small vendors with this technology in selling to smaller enterprise opportunities that the big vendors, including EMC, are going to add thin provisioning to their array controllers in 2009. The question is whether doing this on the array makes sense for the large enterprise consumer.
DataCore Software and other storage virtualization folks say no. Smaller firms may be better suited to an on-array implementation because the one array is all the storage they have. In a more complex and grandiose FC SAN environment, one with many boxes potentially sourced from different vendors, on-array thin provisioning may just make capacity management more difficult. The storage virtualization people make a compelling case for placing thin provisioning-like functionality in the network, as a service, deployed either on servers, on appliances, or in a switch, where it can be leveraged to balance capacity across more spindles in the heterogeneous infrastructure.
This implementation preference supports the sales objectives of those selling storage virtualization, of course, but that does not diminish the architectural thinking of Ziya Aral, CTO of DataCore, or the other smart people pushing this model. Networked architecture trumps embedded architecture when you are dealing with hundreds, thousands, or tens of thousands of spindles.
Thin provisioning on individual arrays is another example of embedded "value-add" technology that may be placing organizations and their data at risk. Let's be realistic: the TP algorithms are secret (like de-duplication algorithms), so we have only vendor assurances that (1) they are not going to play havoc with storage by failing to anticipate a "margin call" issued by an application that wants the space it owns and (2) they are not going to prompt us to buy more capacity than we need based on erred algorithmic forecasts. Much work needs to be done on this nascent technology to determine best practices for its use and best practices for its deployment from an architectural perspective.
The same holds true for de-duplication. To reiterate a description offered last week, de-dupe is essentially a technology for squeezing more data into the same amount of space. Most of the approximately 17 vendors offering de-dupe are suggesting that it is the "natural" replacement for tape: replacing mylar tape cartridges and human management factors with spinning rust that can replicate its contents to an identical kit at a vaulting site or the recovery site, while providing a local copy of data for fast restore of damaged files in the corporate data center. Sounds like a great value proposition, especially when it is included in the metaphor of tape by leveraging virtual tape library technology that makes a disk array look like many tape drives.
There is nothing wrong with the technology itself. Like thin provisioning, the value of de-duplication depends on where the "value-add" functionality is inserted into storage architecture. I recently had a chat with a Sepaton customer, Eric Zuspan, who serves as a senior system administrator, SAN / UNIX, within the IS department of MultiCare Health Systems in Tacoma, WA. Zuspan described in detail his experience with fitting de-duplication into his data protection architecture.
Zuspan was quick to point out that his original interest was in deploying a virtual tape library solution for the organization to help reduce the backup window for Windows applications then protecting their data using LTO 2, 3, and 4 libraries primarily from HP. De-duplication, he said, was an afterthought -- "a nice to have" for enabling more backup data to be maintained in a disk repository created by the VTL. To be clear, he was not out to replace tape, only to implement a buffer of disk that could be used both to stage tape writes and to serve as a platform for quickly restoring damaged or deleted files.
Diligent Technologies (now an IBM company) and Data Domain first sought the opportunity. Diligent offered an appliance or gateway that performed de-duplication of data prior to writing it to disk volumes presented via a virtualized FC fabric. Data Domain, by contrast, offered a complete kit with de-duplication software wedded to a dedicated disk array.
Data Domain was already being used by one group within IS that had purchased it with 50 TB of storage three years prior. Said Zuspan, the organization's experience with the product was not good. "We kept running out of disk capacity and hit significant scaling issues. Basically, the product doesn't scale. You have to keep buying more boxes, and each one must be managed separately."
He said he was also concerned about performance of the Data Domain solution, "It was always slow and, to my knowledge, is still not meeting our backup windows."
Those facts made his technology evaluation team more open to a pitch from Diligent, which said it could deliver an efficient VTL plus de-duplication story for the company's UNIX and 400 TB Fibre Channel SAN environment. After a month's testing, Zuspan was unimpressed.
"We found that the Diligent solution was a two-edged sword," Zuspan recalled, "On the one hand, it let us use our own storage -- an idea we liked, but on the other hand it was very complicated to set up given that we are using IBM SAN Volume Controller (SVC) to virtualize our storage."
The organization kept hunting for a solution for over a year until a VAR introduced them to Sepaton, another VTL/de-dupe provider. He said he hadn't heard of the vendor, but the insistent solution integrator arranged for the product to be delivered for testing. After several weeks, Zuspan said that the Sepaton product, a disk array with VTL and de-dupe functionality, delivered the right price/performance mix.
He noted, "We eventually did a bake-off between our existing Data Domain solution in the Windows area and the Sepaton product. Backups to the Data Domain VTL took four to five hours to complete, while the Sepaton VTL completed the backup in 45 minutes."
This was not to say that the Sepaton deployment was problem free. "Sepaton's engineer arrived to help with the install and we were running backups the same day," he reported. Despite "a few drive failures at first" in the Sepaton equipment, and the fact that Symantec's NetBackup (used for Windows) and HP's Data Protector software (used for UNIX systems) "didn't support the Sepaton VTL at first," Zuspan said that the 50 percent cost savings on the 75 TB VTL platform helped seal the deal. He added that the initial issues were quickly resolved and "the support was great."
An important sidebar offered by Zuspan was that potential regulatory problems with de-duplicating data were sidestepped. "The most recent copy of data written to the Sepaton VTL is not being de-duplicated, so management has peace of mind about any potential information governance or HIPAA issues."
Zuspan was also quick to point out that the deployment of a VTL, de-duplicating or not, does not eliminate the value of tape in his environment. His VTL stores 30 days of backup data on local disk, but weekly backups of approximately 10 TB of data are still being made routinely and shipped offsite. In this way, MultiCare is leveraging the benefits of the new technology while preserving the benefits of the tape investment they have already made.
My impression from the interview with Zuspan is simply this: data protection continues to be a service-oriented architecture. It typically combines server-based components (backup software), potentially some network-based components (asynchronous replication and failover across a LAN or WAN to protect "always on" applications and their data), and possibly some fabric-based services (virtualization, specialty appliances, and a mix of disk, tape, and optical technology as needed). An effective combination of these services must be visible and manageable and must respond to the business continuity objectives, the business information governance requirements, and the budgetary sensitivities of the organization.
Zuspan's story also suggests to me that technology like de-duplication (and perhaps thin provisioning too) is still evolving. That Sepaton outperformed Data Domain or installed more easily than Diligent in this round says nothing about the future performance, preferred deployment model, or long-term utility of the solution. I would wager that a real service-based model will see more of these functions deployed in the network where data can more readily avail themselves of the set of services that are appropriate for them.
Your comments are welcome: jtoigo@toigopartners.com.


text:
Q: Exception while Imap Fetch I have written a bulk fetch IMAP command as suggested in this post.
It's working perfectly and fast when I am running it as JUnit or independently as a jar utility.
The moment I deploy it on JBoss, and start running as a quartz scheduler, the exception below starts to occur. I checked Dynatrace and I don't see any spike in CPU or memory.
Could someone please suggest me what parameters can be checked in JBoss which could be causing any limitation on buffer size or IMAP connection time. I checked if there is any conflicting Java mail jar but no luck.
java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException
    at java.io.BufferedInputStream.read(BufferedInputStream.java:327)
    at com.sun.mail.iap.ResponseInputStream.readResponse(ResponseInputStream.java:154)
    at com.sun.mail.iap.Response.<init>(Response.java:95)
    at com.sun.mail.imap.protocol.IMAPResponse.<init>(IMAPResponse.java:60)
    at com.sun.mail.imap.protocol.IMAPResponse.readResponse(IMAPResponse.java:134)
    at com.sun.mail.imap.protocol.IMAPProtocol.readResponse(IMAPProtocol.java:270)
    at com.sun.mail.iap.Protocol.command(Protocol.java:313)
    at com.macys.notification.handlers.impl.BCCArchiveHandler$CustomProtocolCommand.doCommand(BCCArchiveHandler.java:321)
    at com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPFolder.doProtocolCommand(IMAPFolder.java:2721)
    at com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPFolder.doCommand(IMAPFolder.java:2671)

A: I finally got the solution. On jboss server, ssl debug logs were turned on. Once I removed -Djavax.net.debug=ssl,handshake -Djavax.net.debug=all, it got fixed.


text:
Why Butte?
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Employers can offer their employees who are parents a choice of highly rated public or private schools in Butte Silver Bow.
Butte's students are "connected"! The Butte School District, in a public/private partnership with MERDI and FatBeam, built a brand new 2 gigabit fiber network deploying the fastest, most reliable and most adaptable connectivity to all Butte School District students—the only such network in the State. In fact, this connectivity rivals Google Fiber's much published 1Gigabit offering in only a few US cities.
The Butte School District is committed to provide each of our students with a comprehensive educational experience in preparation for current academic challenges and future educational and occupational endeavors. Through a belief in high expectations in a culture of respect, Butte's highly qualified teachers, administrators, support staff and caring School Board members continually look for ways to improve programs and services, to provide excellence in education.
Butte High School has a record of academic excellence and students receiver well over one million dollars in scholarships annually. Butte School District #1 also partners with Montana Tech of the University of Montana and Highlands College to prepare students for careers in STEM disciplines.
The Butte School District Administration building is located at
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Specializing in Associate Degrees and Certificate programs that provide students with the job skills needed to enter or re-enter the workforce quickly. Highlands College student enjoy the traditional college experience while earning a degree in half the time, and at a quarter of the cost, as a Bachelor Degree seeking student. Highlands College provides program opportunities in some of the fastest-growing fields in the country, including an Associate of Science degree that will prepare students to transfer into any Bachelor's degree program in the state of Montana. At Highlands College, students graduate ready to enter the workforce with the knowledge and confidence to succeed.
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Gain essential knowledge and job skills in a one-year certificate of applied science (CAS) or two-year associate of applied science (AAS) degree in this rapidly growing field. Coursework may be applied toward a 4-year degree in Network Technology at the North Campus. MORE INFO
Trades and Technical
With a variety of choices for students to study, the Trades and Technical department at Highlands College encompasses many hands on career options. Students of this department get the advantage of the integration of technology, communications, problem solving and technical skills. Skills learned here are sure to provide occupational growth and lifelong learning.
Certificate of Applied Science (CAS)
Aerospace Welding Technology
Construction Technology / Carpentry
Machining Technology
Pre-Apprenticeship Line Program
Sustainable Energy-Wind
Associate of Applied Science (AAS)
Construction Technology/Carpentry
Drafting Technology
Metals Fabrication
Sustainable Energy (Wind)
Montana Tech of the University of Montana
A world renowned science and engineering school, MTech offers an array of engineering science and technology degrees as well as general education programs. And, Montana Tech boasts a 98% placement rate. The Princeton Review recently praised Montana Tech saying that the school was strongest in mining, petroleum, computer science and geology related areas, and that the business management program was growing in popularity. In addition, Montana Tech offers PhD and Interdisciplinary programs on campus.
1300 West Park
Montana Tech offers a small college experience with a 16:1 student-to-faculty ratio, with about 3000 students, while offering more than 20 degree programs with bachelor's and master's degrees in a variety of fields including:
Freshman Engineering Program
Geophysical Engineering
Metallurgical & Materials Engineering
Safety, Health & Industrial Hygiene
Health Care Informatics
65 East Broadway Street
Butte MT, 59701
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