text:
IX EUROSAI Congress 2014
Tuesday 17 June - seminars and work sessions day 1
The theme sessions took place on Tuesday 17 and Wednesday 18 June. In the vicinity of the Netherlands Court of Audit, various small 90-minute sessions asked for active contributions from all delegates at the congress. These sessions were the heart of the IX EUROSAI Congress. No innovation without interaction!
Download the complete seminar and work session programme for 16-17 June (pdf)
Wednesday programme >
Round 1: 11:00 - 12:30 (overview)
Seminar Innovation and leadership SAIs in the twenty-first century
Managing ethics within SAIs (TF Audit & Ethics)
Radical transparancy: open data/open spending (UK and the Netherlands)
Open Mic Sessions Ten-minute presentations
Involving citizens: new media (Israel)
Public Private Partnerships: audit challenges and findings (Malta & the Netherlands)
Highlights of paperless auditing (Estonia)
How ISSAI-proof is your SAI? (IDI)
Innovation PowerBoost work session (the Netherlands)
SAIs and Sustainability maximising our impact (the Netherlands)
Seminar Predicting integrity incidents by assessment of organisational culture and boardroom behaviour
SAIs working together: experiences from EWG Environmental Auditing
Geospatial auditing (the Netherlands)
How to pick your colleagues brains (Denmark, YES)
A new audit approach for the auditing performance-based budgetting (Turkey)
Electronic rendering of accounts (Portugal)
The increasing relevance of SAIs in the 21st century (United Kingdom)
Innovative approaches for building SAI capabilities (Sweden)
Radical transparency: open data/open spending (UK and the Netherlands)
Round 1: 11:00 - 12:30 (details)
Session moderator: Mr Arno Visser, Member of the Board, Netherlands Court of Audit
Society is changing rapidly. The role and tasks of central government are also changing drastically and so are SAIs. What we have grown accustomed to no longer exists. What does this mean for leadership and innovation in SAIs? How can we respond and anticipate to the changes in society and government in a proactive instead of reactive way? Can we take the lead in discussions or should we follow? There is not a single solution, but the seminar will help to sort out the relevant issues and define possible answers.
1 Managing ethics within SAIs
Session moderator: EUROSAI Task Force on Audit and Ethics
Participants will be asked to share and discuss good practices of managing ethics in SAI on a specific aspect (for example, how to implement codes of ethics, how to manage ethical dilemmas, how to enhance ethical leadership).
Download presentation The Importance of Ethics Leadership (pdf, 1.8 MB)
Download presentation Review of ISSAI 30 - Survey and Project by Poland (pdf, 288 KB)
2 Radical transparancy: open data/open spending
Session moderators: National Audit Office UK and the Netherlands Court of Audit
Governments know a lot about us. We know far less about our governments. Either we trust what government officials tell us, or we go through lengthy procedures to get government information that is not available now. In the digital age, where information travels quicker than light, this is simply unacceptable. Government information should be fully accessible 24/7 for anybody with an internet connection. So how to remedy this situation?
All governments have a treasure-trove of data on what they do, how much that costs and what the results are. Most of this data is not available to the public. The Open Data movement aims to change this. By making this data publicly available, without registration, costs or legal restrictions, we can get a much better picture of what governments are doing. We can start following government spending, the timeliness of public transport, the quality of our schools and the implementation of legislation.
How does this affect us as auditors? Will we become obsolete as more and more government data becomes available and citizens can audit governments from their home laptop? The NAO, two seasoned open data experts and the NCA's open data team will guide you through all these questions and more.
Download Presentation Open Data and Data-analytics (pdf, 1,6 MB)
3 Open Mic Sessions Ten-minute presentations
In the open mic sessions SAIs of different countries will give short presentations on innovations in their SAIs.
Value and benefits of SAIs (Hungary)
At the end of 2013, the State Audit Office of Hungary (SAO) adopted a methodological document entitled 'Principles on the utilization of the SAO's work' and included this document into the framework of its professional rules on auditing. The SAO is ready to share its experiences with the EUROSAI community concerning the ISSAI 12 and the importance of the broad social impact of our work.
Audit and advisory activities by SAIs: risk and opportunities (Austria)
The purely retrospective identification of shortcomings and deficiencies is no longer sufficient for SAIs to be perceived as an effective control element. SAIs can harness their full potential much better in striving for better public governance by a combination of audit work (retrospective) and counselling (forward-looking based audit work).
Innovation through integration (United Kingdom)
The UK National Audit Office has transformed the way it works by bringing together the skills and expertise of financial and performance auditors, including analysts, to produce a wider range of assurance products for Parliament. Our corporate services, such as finance and human resources, work in an integrated way to support our audit teams.
Open data: What's at stake for SAIs? (France)
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen is the founding text of democracy in France. The French Cour des comptes' prerogatives still rely on its fifteenth article, which states that "Society has the right to require of every public agent an account of his administration."
This is one among many reasons why the Paris Conference on Open Data and Open Gov was held at the French Cour des comptes on 24 April 24. The open mic session will explain how Open Data and Open Government in France have improved in the past few months. It will also be the occasion to discuss the next steps in public organisations and in our SAIs.
Download presentation Audit and Advisory Activities by Austria (pdf, 353 KB)
Download presentation Open Data: What's at stake for SAIs? by France (pdf, 3,2 MB)
4 Involving citizens: new media
Session moderator: Office of the State Comptroller and Ombudsman of Israel
In recent years we have been witnessing a real revolution in the media world. New media have become key communication channels. This revolution has a dramatic impact on the activity of SAIs. New media are both an effective and a challenging two-way communication tool. First, it is a very effective way to disseminate the audit findings without intermediaries (such as journalists). Second, it is an efficient way to obtain information from the public. However, new media also pose challenges to public institutions such as SAIs, since we are obliged to strike a proper balance between those new tools and the rules applicable to our organisations. We will show how we in SAI Israel have taken advantage of new media's opportunities and have dealt with the challenges.
5 Public Private Partnerships: audit challenges and findings
Session moderators: Mr Anthony C. Mifsud, Auditor General of the National Audit Office of Malta, and Mrs Diny van Est and Mr Freek Hoek, Netherlands Court of Audit
If you are curious about what Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) are and about the challenges in auditing PPP, you are more than welcome in this session. We will present an overview of the audit findings on PPPs by various SAIs. We will also reflect on two recent studies on PPPs from Malta and the Netherlands. In this work session you will learn more about the importance of this topic for SAIs, the state of the art in PPP audits, possible risks of PPPs and possible audit topics.
Download presentation Audit of Public Private Partnerships - Introduction and international Experiences by the Netherlands (pdf, 1.1 MB)
Download presentation Public private partnership - Audit challenges and findings by the Netherlands (pdf, 485 KB)
Download presentation Contractmanagement in relation to DBFMO-projects by the Netherlands (pdf, 2.3 MB)
Download presentation Performance Audit of PPPs Residential Homes for the Elderly by Malta (pdf, 472 KB)
6 Highlights of paperless auditing
Session moderator: National Audit Office of Estonia
The aim of the session is to demonstrate the highlights of paperless auditing. Paperless auditing is not about how to use audit software, CAAT etc. The key question is how to use smart and innovative ways to incorporate public sector IT solutions to our audit work. With the help of visualised examples of different electronic sources in daily auditing Estonia NAO will share ways to make the audit process more efficient.
This session also shows that SAIs can play a role in IT developments of public sector through its audit practice and audit recommendations. In co-operation with various public sector institutions paperless audit can have a positive impact on work of our auditees as well.
Download presentation Highlights of Paperless Auditing by Estonia (pdf, 5.1 MB)
7 How ISSAI-proof is your SAI?
Session moderator: Ms Archana P. Shirsat, INTOSAI Development Initiative
The ISSAI Compliance Assessment Tools (iCATs) are detailed mapping tools that help a SAI in mapping their current audit practice against ISSAI requirements at entity level and audit practice level (level 2, 3 and 4 in the ISSAI framework). The tool provides a format for recording mechanisms of compliance and reasons for non-compliance with ISSAIs. Such a mapping exercise is expected to result in an ISSAI Implementation strategy. The toolkit consists of three iCATs – Financial Audit iCAT, Performance Audit iCAT and Compliance Audit iCAT.
The purpose of this session is to raise awareness about the iCATs and discuss how to use these tools in SAIs in the EUROSAI region.
Download presentation How ISSAI Proof is your SAI? (pdf, 1.9 MB)
8 Innovation PowerBoost work session
Session moderator: Ms Esther van der Storm (Ynnovate)
How can you boost your innovation power and become more innovative in your work? The Innovation PowerBoost work session by Ynnovate will show you the possibilities of changing your perspective to find new solutions for the challenges you face in your work. You will experience the world of innovation and will discover your own innovative potential (both on the personal and on the organisational level) by using the power of your brain and the power of well-known superheroes and super-organisations to solve each other's innovation challenges. Not afraid of some serious speed? Buckle up for a true Innovation PowerBoost!
9 SAIs and sustainability - maximising our impact
Session moderators: Ms Andrea Connell and Mr Ronnie Takens, Netherlands Court of Audit
People-Planet-Prosperity - this session will explore what SAIs are doing or can do in terms of social responsibility (SR), which contributes to sustainable development.
How can SAIs lead by example in their strategy, operations and accountability?
How can we provide a positive contribution via our audit work?
What dilemmas do we face?
What can we learn from the private sector and from other partners?
Beginners and experienced practitioners are equally welcome!
Download presentation Report (pdf, 707 KB)
Download presentation SAIs and Sustainability by the Netherlands (pdf, 1 MB)
Session moderators: Ms Femke de Vries, division director National Central Bank in the Netherlands and Ms Ellen van Schoten, Secretary-General, Netherlands Court of Audit
The Central Bank of the Netherlands (DNB) is the prudential supervisor on the financial sector in the Netherlands. DNB continuously monitors the financial solidity and integrity of financial institutions and the network they operate in. In doing so DNB also looks at organisational culture and behaviour. This new supervisory method is internationally recognized as an innovative and exemplary approach.
Ms Femke de Vries, division director at DNB, will show you how DNB assesses behaviour and culture within financial organisations and how DNB uses this methodology to signal possible malfunctions in an early stage. This makes it possible to get to the root cause and take preventive measures or minimise harmful effects. And it makes the supervisory role of DNB more effective.
Ms Ellen van Schoten will facilitate discussion on the lessons learned and application of this approach in SAIs.
Download presentation Supervisory framework for assessing conduct and culture in the financial sector (pdf, 1.2 MB)
1 SAIs working together: experiences from EWG Environmental Auditing
Session moderator: Ms Camilla C. Fredriksen, EUROSAI WGEA
Environmental issues are in themselves global because of the way all ecosystems are interconnected. Environmental auditing issues therefore serveas a good basis for cooperation across SAIs. The European Working Group on Environmental Auditing has experienced an increase in cooperative audits between its members in the last decade.
The work session will share experiences from the cooperation between SAIs on environmental issues, and seek to identify what positive impacts different audit cooperation can have. The participants will be invited to share their experiences as well as their ideas on how good cooperation can be achieved and what topics will be important to establish cooperation on in the next years.
Download presentation SAIs working together - experiences from the EUROSAI WGEA (pdf, 6.7 MB)
Cooperation with civil society (Albania)
During 2012-2013 ALSAI has been implementing cooperation agreements with eight NGOs active in the fight against corruption and involved in environment protection and increase of public institutions' transparency.
The role of SAIs in promoting and protecting human rights (Israel)
As far as SAI Israel is concerned, the business of the State Comptroller must include human rights issues and especially socioeconomic rights. This should be done in addition to - not instead of - all the other "regular" norms and standards which are used in auditing the functioning of the state.
Exit and sustainability of Swiss development cooperation (Switzerland)
Ex-post analysis of 14 projects in South Africa and India, where the development of the completed projects and the achievement of their objectives were traced back, taking particular account of Switzerland's exit scenarios as donor country.
Accountability Platform (Spain)
The Spanish Court of Audit has developed a Web Accountability Platform for local entities. It entails the submission of accounts in an electronic format and by telematic systems through the website that hosts the platform, avoiding the previous paper-based accountability system.
presentation Human Rights and State Audit by Israel (pdf, 1.16 MB)
presentation The Local Entities Accountability Platform by Spain (pdf, 89.3 KB)
3 Geospatial auditing
Session moderators: Ms Frederique de Graaf and Mr Egbert Jongsma, Netherlands Court of Audit
In this work session we will explore the possibilities of a smartphone and tablet as an audit tool. We will show you how to gather audit observations of a specific location with a smartphone or tablet. And how to analyse and visualise (map) these observations in a Geographical Information System (GIS). Curious and want to know more? Check this
Download the presentation Geospatial Auditing - From maps to participatory auditing (pdf, 11.5 MB)
4 How to pick your colleagues brains
The whys and hows of knowledge sharing in and between SAIs
Session moderators: Mr Jannek Vedøe Jørgensen and Ms Marie Schelde Holde, Rigsrevisionen Denmark
Does your Department A know what your Department B is auditing? Does your SAI know which performance audits your neighbouring country's SAI initiated last year? If your answer to the above is "no" or "maybe", come join this session. Starting from our experience with lack of knowledge sharing within the Danish SAI, its consequences, and not least what we have done to overcome the problem, we will work together in the session to come up with concrete ideas to break down barriers to knowledge sharing in and between SAIs – ready to take home, be shared and put into practice.
Download presentation How to Pick Your Colleagues' Brains by Denmark (pdf, 556 KB)
5 A new audit approach for the auditing performance-based budgetting
Session moderators: Fevzi Girgin, Nuray Yilmaz and Çigdem Aslankara of the Turkish Court of Accounts
In this session the Turkish Court of Accounts will present and discuss the new audit approach they developed for the performance-based budgeting of government. The focus will be on the following issues:
General information on the audit methodology (scope and the objective of the audit)
Benefits of performance information audit
Possible challenges.
6 Electronic rendering of accounts
Session moderator: Mr João Carlos Pereira Cardoso, Tribunal de Contas of Portugal
In the current economic environment, public entities are struggling how to do more with less: to provide more and better services to their citizens, spending less money.
The demand for new and increased services creates pressure on IT to deliver these services in order to support the desired growth. These constraints and new services are often addressed in the form of new applications, such as an electronic service to address the internal verification of accounts. Whether for web or mobile access, or for social networking or business intelligence, these new applications developed around entity/citizen-centric models, can have a direct impact on the entities' activity. The SAI of Portugal will share and discuss their experiences.
Download presentation Electronic rendering of accounts (pdf, 1.9 MB)
7 The increasing relevance of SAIs in the 21st century
Session moderators: Mr Martin Sinclair and Mr Nick Lacy, UK National Audit Office
Across the EUROSAI region governments are continuing to face a climate of austerity and rising demands for public services. SAIs have an important role to play in safeguarding public money, ensuring transparency and accountability in the use of public funds, upholding proper standards of conduct in the provision of public services and helping achieve value for money. This work session provides an opportunity to explore how SAIs have innovated in response to the changing environment. It provides a forum to discuss the key opportunities and challenges for SAIs and how they have responded to show their relevance to their wide range of stakeholders and provide insight into the complex issues of the day.
Download presentation Increasing the relevance of SAIs in the 21st Century (pdf, 1.9 MB)
8 Innovative approaches for building SAI capabilities
Session moderators: Mr Magnus Lindell, Deputy Auditor General of Sweden and Mr Einar Gørrissen, Director General of IDIThe public sector audit profession is evolving rapidly. To remain relevant, SAIs need to continuously develop as organizations that can meet emerging expectations from citizens, parliaments and other stakeholders, and deliver and document results that add value to society. This entails continuous efforts to develop the SAI, both in terms of staff, organizational and institutional capacity, and importantly turning this capacity into performance. This interactive session will seek to explore the lessons learned in terms of effective and innovative capacity development, drawing on the experiences of the participants as well as the work of the EUROSAI GT1, the CBC and the IDI. It will seek to identify practical and innovative tools, approaches and key success factors that can be pursued to effectively enhance the capacity and performance of your SAI.
9 Radical transparency: open data/open spending
Download presentatie Open data and data-analytics by UK/the Netherlands (pdf 1.6 MB)


WASHINGTON, April 04, 2019 – The American Resort Development Association (ARDA) announced today that Jason Gamel will be the new president and CEO, following an extensive national search lead by executive search firm, Spencer Stuart. In late March, the ARDA executive committee endorsed Gamel as the successful candidate. Gamel brings more than twenty years of experience in the hospitality and timeshare industries, including his current role as senior vice president of legal at Wyndham Destinations.
"I am incredibly excited that Jason has been selected as ARDA's new leader. His rich history in timeshare law, experience running ARDA's state government affairs, coupled with his last five years with Wyndham in a senior leadership role, makes him uniquely qualified to take on the opportunities and challenges of leading the association. I've personally worked with Jason and know he is a strong leader," said Howard Nusbaum, current president & CEO of ARDA.
Gamel will take over the organization in early May and succeed Nusbaum, who announced late 2018 that he was retiring after almost twenty years at the helm. He will work alongside Gamel during the transition.
"I want to thank the search committee of resort professionals who worked thoughtfully and collaboratively over the last several months with Spencer Stuart to identify the best candidates," said Don Harrill, search committee chair, past ARDA chairman and current ARDA International Foundation (AIF) chair.
Gamel holds a bachelor's degree from the University of Michigan, a juris doctorate degree from the University of Florida – Fredric G. Levin College of Law and is licensed to practice law in Arizona, California and Florida. He will be relocating to the Washington, D.C. area with his wife and two children in the coming months.


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a 1955, a 1956 and a 1957 Ford Thunderbird?
--- if you've been that lucky!!! Mystified by the Colors?
The US Post Office released the Sporty Cars of the 50's on Saturday, August 20, 2005. This set includes a black 1955 Thunderbird.


text:
Apple Music 'Replay 2023' Playlist Now Available
Trai calls for overhaul of entertainment apps, tech…
Enzo Fernandez: Chelsea make £105.6m bid for Benfica…
Leading Entertainment Attorney Toni Lupo Joins First Responders Children's Foundation Board of Directors
First Responders Children's Foundation
Toni Lupo, Board Member, First Responders Children's Foundation
NEW YORK, Dec. 01, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — The First Responders Children's Foundation (FRCF) is pleased to announce that Toni Lupo, Attorney for The Walt Disney Company, has joined its Board of Directors.
Mr. Lupo serves as principal counsel to Hulu, a Disney entity, and serves as legal counsel in connection with content distribution agreements for Hulu + Live TV and premium add-on services.she was named by super lawyer magazine as a "rising star" best lawyer in america Named both Entertainment and Sports Law's "Woman to Watch" and "Women in Law: People to Watch" for the past two consecutive years. Prior to joining Hulu/TWDC, he worked as a senior attorney in a leading global practice group, advising clients in the media and entertainment industry (including but not limited to television networks, streaming services, sports teams, video and mobile) on transactions. was offering advice. game developers and software companies).
"Toni Lupo is an outstanding entertainment attorney who is passionate about serving the interests of the community and the wider public, including being a strong advocate for corporate diversity, equality, fairness and inclusion practices," said FRCF. President and CEO Jillian Crane said. "First Her Responders Her Children Her Foundation is proud and grateful to have Toni on its Board of Directors. We will greatly benefit from the commitment."
"A community is only as strong as the people who actively participate in it," Lupo said. "First responders inspire themselves to protect the communities they serve every day. It's a privilege and so that we can better serve their families and give back to those who have contributed so much to us."
"I am delighted to welcome Toni Lupo to the Board of Directors of the First Responders Children's Foundation. Stand out and was recently recognized by both Super Lawyers Magazine and America's Best Lawyers." "Toni is a John A. Risen who funds organizations that impact New York's most vulnerable communities." Volunteer support has always been first, including her work with the Bach Foundation, and with Toni's recent transfer to The Walt Disney Company as Principal Counsel for Hulu, she's shown her incredible talent, energy, and compassion. It can be used to help the first responder community."
About First Responders Children's Foundation (FRCF)
First Responders Children's Foundation is a national foundation that provides programs and resources that address the specific needs of first responder children. The foundation focuses on important areas such as scholarships, financial aid grants. Bereavement support, children's mental health counseling. and community engagement. FRCF was established more than 21 years before her in response to her 9/11, when 800 children lost their first responder parents. FRCF also supports the families of first responders who are enduring significant financial hardship due to tragic circumstances, including injuries on the job.
Additional information about FRCF can be found at www.1stRCF.org and on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram @1strcf.
Contact: Bill O'Reilly, 212-396-9117
A photo accompanying this announcement is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/d5a5348d-e621-4d2e-9cee-4466c2dd755b
AttorneyBoardChildrensdirectorsEntertainmentFoundationjoinsleadingLupoRespondersToni
World Cup 2022: Did it cross the line? Germany out as Japan and Spain progress
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WARNER MUSIC GROUP ANNOUNCES THE LAUNCH OF RHYTHM...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Designer John Christakos Named President of Walker Art Center's Board of Trustees
By Alex Greenberger
Senior Editor, ARTnews
More Stories by Alex
Koenig & Clinton, Beloved New York Gallery That Launched Artists to Fame, Has Closed
United States Artists Names 2020 Recipients of Coveted Fellowships, Including Howardena Pindell, Martine Syms, Cameron Rowland
Made in L.A., Closely Watched Biennial with a Spotlight on California, Reveals Artist List for 2020 Edition
John Christakos.
COURTESY WALKER ART CENTER
The Walker Art Center in Minneapolis has named John Christakos president of its board of trustees. The cofounder of the design studio Blu Dot, Christakos has won the Cooper-Hewitt National Design Museum's National Design Award for Product Design and has shown his work in institutions such as New York's Museum of Modern Art and Paris's Centre Pompidou. Christakos began his two-year term as president of the board on September 18.
Monica Nassif, the outgoing board president, said in a statement, "John's commitment to the arts, entrepreneurial spirit, and success in business will be wonderful assets to his Walker board leadership."
News of Christakos's appointment came alongside several other appointments. Patrick Peyton, the founder and CEO of the investment company the Peyton Group, will now be vice president of the board; John P. Whaley, the former managing administrative partner of the investment firm Norwest Equity Partners, will be its treasurer; and Teresa Rasmussen, the president of Thrivent Financial for Lutherans, will be its secretary.
John Christakos
John P. Whaley
Patrick Peyton
Teresa Rasmussen


text:
package poller

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"testing"

	"github.com/stretchr/testify/mock"
	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"

	"go.skia.org/infra/go/gerrit"
	"go.skia.org/infra/go/httputils"
	"go.skia.org/infra/go/testutils"
	caches_mocks "go.skia.org/infra/skcq/go/caches/mocks"
	cr_mocks "go.skia.org/infra/skcq/go/codereview/mocks"
	"go.skia.org/infra/skcq/go/config"
	cfg_mocks "go.skia.org/infra/skcq/go/config/mocks"
	"go.skia.org/infra/skcq/go/db"
	db_mocks "go.skia.org/infra/skcq/go/db/mocks"
	"go.skia.org/infra/skcq/go/types"
	types_mocks "go.skia.org/infra/skcq/go/types/mocks"
)

func testProcessCL(t *testing.T, testVerifierStatuses []*types.VerifierStatus, expectedOverallState types.VerifierState, dryRun bool) {
	currentChangesCache := map[string]*types.CurrentlyProcessingChange{}
	httpClient := httputils.NewTimeoutClient()
	publicFEInstanceURL := "https://public-fe-url/"
	corpFEInstanceURL := "https://corp-fe-url/"
	ci := &gerrit.ChangeInfo{
		Issue:   int64(123),
		Status:  gerrit.ChangeStatusOpen,
		Subject: "Test change",
		Owner: &gerrit.Person{
			Email: "batman@gotham.com",
		},
		Project: "skia",
		Branch:  "main",
	}
	clsInThisRound := map[string]bool{}
	startTime := int64(111)
	changePatchsetID := "123/5"

	// Mock db.
	dbClient := &db_mocks.DB{}
	dbClient.On("PutChangeAttempt", testutils.AnyContext, mock.AnythingOfType("*types.ChangeAttempt"), db.GetChangesCol(false)).Return(nil).Once()

	// Mock current changes cache.
	cc := &caches_mocks.CurrentChangesCache{}
	cc.On("Get", testutils.AnyContext, dbClient).Return(currentChangesCache).Once()
	cc.On("Add", testutils.AnyContext, changePatchsetID, ci.Subject, "batman@gotham.com", ci.Project, ci.Branch, dryRun, false, ci.Issue, int64(5)).Return(startTime, false, nil).Once()
	cc.On("Remove", testutils.AnyContext, changePatchsetID).Return(nil).Once()

	// Mock cfg reader.
	skcfg := &config.SkCQCfg{}
	cfgReader := &cfg_mocks.ConfigReader{}
	cfgReader.On("GetSkCQCfg", testutils.AnyContext).Return(skcfg, nil).Once()

	// Mock codereview.
	cr := &cr_mocks.CodeReview{}
	cr.On("IsDryRun", testutils.AnyContext, ci).Return(dryRun).Once()
	cr.On("IsCQ", testutils.AnyContext, ci).Return(!dryRun)
	cr.On("GetEarliestEquivalentPatchSetID", ci).Return(int64(5)).Once()
	cr.On("GetLatestPatchSetID", ci).Return(int64(5)).Twice()
	if expectedOverallState != types.VerifierWaitingState {
		cr.On("RemoveFromCQ", testutils.AnyContext, ci, mock.AnythingOfType("string"), mock.AnythingOfType("string")).Once()
	}
	if !dryRun && expectedOverallState == types.VerifierSuccessState {
		cr.On("Submit", testutils.AnyContext, ci).Return(nil).Once()
	}

	// Mock verifier manager.
	vm := &types_mocks.VerifiersManager{}
	vm.On("GetVerifiers", testutils.AnyContext, skcfg, ci, false, cfgReader).Return([]types.Verifier{}, []string{}, nil).Once()
	vm.On("RunVerifiers", testutils.AnyContext, ci, []types.Verifier{}, startTime).Return(testVerifierStatuses).Once()

	// Mock throttler maanger.
	tm := &types_mocks.ThrottlerManager{}
	tm.On("UpdateThrottler", "skia/main", mock.AnythingOfType("time.Time"), skcfg.ThrottlerCfg).Once()

	processCL(context.Background(), vm, ci, cfgReader, clsInThisRound, cr, cc, httpClient, dbClient, nil, publicFEInstanceURL, corpFEInstanceURL, tm)
}

func TestProcessCL_DryRun_FailureOverallState(t *testing.T) {

	testVerifierStatuses := []*types.VerifierStatus{
		{State: types.VerifierSuccessState, Name: "Verifier1", Reason: "Reason1"},
		{State: types.VerifierFailureState, Name: "Verifier2", Reason: "Reason2"},
		{State: types.VerifierWaitingState, Name: "Verifier3", Reason: "Reason3"},
	}
	testProcessCL(t, testVerifierStatuses, types.VerifierFailureState, true)
}

func TestProcessCL_DryRun_SuccessOverallState(t *testing.T) {

	testVerifierStatuses := []*types.VerifierStatus{
		{State: types.VerifierSuccessState, Name: "Verifier1", Reason: "Reason1"},
		{State: types.VerifierSuccessState, Name: "Verifier2", Reason: "Reason2"},
	}
	testProcessCL(t, testVerifierStatuses, types.VerifierSuccessState, true)
}

func TestProcessCL_DryRun_WaitingOverallState(t *testing.T) {

	testVerifierStatuses := []*types.VerifierStatus{
		{State: types.VerifierSuccessState, Name: "Verifier1", Reason: "Reason1"},
		{State: types.VerifierWaitingState, Name: "Verifier2", Reason: "Reason2"},
		{State: types.VerifierSuccessState, Name: "Verifier3", Reason: "Reason3"},
	}
	testProcessCL(t, testVerifierStatuses, types.VerifierSuccessState, true)
}

func TestProcessCL_CQRun_FailureOverallState(t *testing.T) {

	testVerifierStatuses := []*types.VerifierStatus{
		{State: types.VerifierSuccessState, Name: "Verifier1", Reason: "Reason1"},
		{State: types.VerifierFailureState, Name: "Verifier2", Reason: "Reason2"},
		{State: types.VerifierWaitingState, Name: "Verifier3", Reason: "Reason3"},
	}
	testProcessCL(t, testVerifierStatuses, types.VerifierFailureState, false)
}

func TestProcessCL_CQRun_WaitingOverallState(t *testing.T) {

	testVerifierStatuses := []*types.VerifierStatus{
		{State: types.VerifierSuccessState, Name: "Verifier1", Reason: "Reason1"},
		{State: types.VerifierWaitingState, Name: "Verifier2", Reason: "Reason2"},
	}
	testProcessCL(t, testVerifierStatuses, types.VerifierWaitingState, false)
}

func TestProcessCL_CQRun_SuccessOverallState(t *testing.T) {

	testVerifierStatuses := []*types.VerifierStatus{
		{State: types.VerifierSuccessState, Name: "Verifier1", Reason: "Reason1"},
		{State: types.VerifierSuccessState, Name: "Verifier2", Reason: "Reason2"},
	}
	testProcessCL(t, testVerifierStatuses, types.VerifierSuccessState, false)
}

func TestCleanupCL(t *testing.T) {

	changeID := int64(123)
	equivalentPatchsetID := int64(5)
	changePatchsetID := fmt.Sprintf("%d/%d", changeID, equivalentPatchsetID)
	latestPatchsetID := int64(7)
	httpClient := httputils.NewTimeoutClient()
	ci := &gerrit.ChangeInfo{
		Issue: int64(123),
	}
	startTime := int64(444)
	cqRecord := &types.CurrentlyProcessingChange{
		ChangeID:         int64(123),
		LatestPatchsetID: latestPatchsetID,
		StartTs:          startTime,
	}

	// Mock current changes cache.
	cc := &caches_mocks.CurrentChangesCache{}
	cc.On("Remove", testutils.AnyContext, changePatchsetID).Return(nil).Once()

	// Mock db.
	dbClient := &db_mocks.DB{}
	dbClient.On("UpdateChangeAttemptAsAbandoned", testutils.AnyContext, changeID, latestPatchsetID, db.GetChangesCol(false), startTime).Return(nil).Once()

	// Mock cfg reader.
	skcfg := &config.SkCQCfg{}
	cfgReader := &cfg_mocks.ConfigReader{}
	cfgReader.On("GetSkCQCfg", testutils.AnyContext).Return(skcfg, nil).Once()

	// Mock codereview.
	cr := &cr_mocks.CodeReview{}

	// Mock 2 verifiers.
	v1 := &types_mocks.Verifier{}
	v1.On("Cleanup", testutils.AnyContext, ci, equivalentPatchsetID)
	v2 := &types_mocks.Verifier{}
	v2.On("Cleanup", testutils.AnyContext, ci, equivalentPatchsetID)

	// Mock verifier manager.
	vm := &types_mocks.VerifiersManager{}
	vm.On("GetVerifiers", testutils.AnyContext, skcfg, ci, false, cfgReader).Return([]types.Verifier{v1, v2}, []string{}, nil).Once()

	err := cleanupCL(context.Background(), changePatchsetID, cc, dbClient, cqRecord, ci, cfgReader, cr, httpClient, vm)
	require.Nil(t, err)
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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My team and I are reportage wedding photographers at heart and love to photograph weddings just as they happen, but I believe that different genres lend themselves to different parts of a wedding and you shouldn't have to choose between them. For me, things like group photos and pictures of the two of you aren't just a cursory add-on, they're essential to the story. And as well as the big picture, we'll capture all your decor and little details too.
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Populist parties have been moving from the fringes to mainstream politics in Europe, tripling their support in elections over the past two decades, a study out Tuesday has shown.
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text:
The first hot air balloon rose 1,800 m (6,000 ft) on June 5, 1783. It was made of linen and paper and built by two brothers, Joseph and Étienne Montgolfier in Annonay, France. A few months later, on August 27, 1783, Jacques A. C. Charles released a balloon made of varnished silk that covered 43 km (27 mi.) and was filled with hydrogen gas. Later that same year, a Montgolfier balloon became the first balloon to carry passengers (assorted farm animals) and then in November, two men, Jean-François P. Roziere and François Laurent, made the first official manned flight across Paris in a Montgolfier balloon.
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text:
Q: gcc - C++ error "declaration changes meaning" - error appears on linux gcc 11.3, but not on msys2 gcc 12.1. how to force it? With this code:
enum class profession
{
    doctor,
    banker
};

class person
{
    profession profession;
};

int main()
{
}

on linux (opensuse 15.4 with gcc 11.2), compilation command
g++ -std=c++20 -pedantic -Wall -Wextra -Werror=return-type -Wshadow=local -Wempty-body -fdiagnostics-color -s -Os -o program_gpp program.cpp

I get the error :
error: declaration of 'profession person::profession' changes meaning of 'profession' [-fpermissive]
while on windows (windows 10 pro, 21h1) / msys2 / mingw-w64 / gcc 12.1, compilation command:
g++ -std=c++20 -pedantic -Wall -Wextra -Werror=return-type -Wshadow=local -Wempty-body -fdiagnostics-color -s -Os program.cpp -o program_gpp.exe

I don't get any warning or error, nothing.
I had already found somewhere that maybe gcc itself is built with different switches for the two platforms, and so its sensibility to some errors changes among them, and this is ok. But since I would like my code to avoid this error and compile everywhere, which gcc switches can I use to force this error also on the gcc on windows / msys2 ? note : I don't want to disable the error on linux (the compiler already tells me that it can be disabled with -fpermissive), I want gcc on windows to give me the error too so that I can fix it there and it will also compile on linux.

A: Pass -fno-ms-extensions to MSYS2 GCC. This disables some MSVC-esque extensions.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
Biografia
Nata a Riverside, in California. Debuttò da adolescente nel ruolo di Melanie nella serie televisiva Blossom nel 1994 e 1995. Grazie a questa interpretazione ottenne altri ruoli da guest star in altre serie come Crescere, che fatica! e Una famiglia del terzo tipo. Nel 1992 debutta anche al cinema con il film Disney per ragazzi Stoffa da campioni, riscuotendo un buon successo e venendo richiamata anche per i due sequel.

Una volta cresciuta ha preso parte a diverse serie televisive come Smallville, Lost, The O.C. e Grey's Anatomy . Ha recitato anche in alcune produzioni cinematografiche come La regina dei dannati e Wet Hot American Summer.

Vita privata
È sposata dal 22 maggio 2010 con l'attore canadese Christopher Redman.

Filmografia

Cinema
 Stoffa da campioni (The Mighty Ducks), regia di Stephen Herek (1992)
 Piccoli grandi eroi (D2: The Mighty Ducks), regia di Sam Weisman (1994)
 Free Willy 2 (Free Willy 2: The Adventure Home), regia di Dwight H. Little (1995)
 Ducks - Una squadra a tutto ghiaccio, regia di D3: The Mighty Ducks (1996)
 Sesso & potere (Wag the Dog), regia di Barry Levinson (1997)
 Il grande Joe (Mighty Joe Young), regia di Ron Underwood (1998)
 Wet Hot American Summer, regia di David Wain (2001)
 La regina dei dannati (Queen of the Damned), regia di Michael Rymer (2002)
 La giuria (Runaway Jury), regia di Gary Fleder (2004)
 Beverly Hills Chihuahua, regia di Raja Gosnell (2008)
 Ingenious, regia di Jeff Balsmeyer (2009)
 Easier with Practice, regia di Kyle Patrick Alvarez (2009)
 Douchebag, regia di Drake Doremus (2010)
 Caroline and Jackie, regia di Adam Christian Clark (2013)
 A Night to Regret, regia di Tom Shell (2018)
 Paddleton, regia di Alex Lehmann (2019)
 Into the Ashes - Storia criminale (Into the Ashes), regia di Aaron Harvey (2019)

Televisione
 Amazing Grace – serie TV, 5 episodi (1995)
 Helter Skelter, regia di John Gray – film TV (2004)
 Life as We Know It – serie TV, 10 episodi (2004-2005)
 Lost – serie TV, un episodio (2005)
 The O.C. – serie TV, 4 episodi (2005)
 A proposito di Brian (What About Brian) – serie TV, 6 episodi (2006)
 The Consultants, regia di Damon Santostefano – film TV (2008)
 Parenthood - serie TV, 4 episodi (2010)
 Grey's Anatomy – serie TV, 7 episodi (2013-2014)
 Wet Hot American Summer: First Day of Camp – miniserie TV, un episodio (2016)
 Mai fidarti della tua ex (Inconceivable) - film TV, diretto da Tom Shell (2016)

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
OnPoint by Keith Ng
20:16 Feb 27, 2011 171
On Price Gouging
The people supporting price gouging in Christchurch are not evil. They come from the same starting point that I do: We have more demand than we have supply – how do we decide who gets it and who misses out?
The overriding goal is to get resources to those who need it the most. If someone along the line makes a profit from it, that's beside the point. Fairness and equity doesn't fill up your petrol tank.
Without price gouging, we still ration, but on a crude first-come-first-served basis. This does nothing to direct resources to those who need it the most. It comes down to chance and your ability to wait. It's a wasteful, punishing system – people lose hours waiting in line, when they could be doing something useful, which is a very real cost to everyone.
But even though the status quo is bad, it doesn't mean that price rationing is better.
On petrol price gouging
Eric Crampton, a economics lecturer at Canterbury, argues specifically for price gouging on petrol. Even though there is enough petrol for everyone who needs it, because of uncertainty over supply, people are stocking up on petrol just in case. This creates a vicious cycle because those people who are hoarding petrol create an actual petrol shortage, which scares other people into hoarding petrol.
Crampton argues that doubling prices, just for a few days, will induce "intertemporal substitution" (that's Economistspeak for "waiting") among hoarders, while those with genuine need will shell out the extra cash.
The dodgy part of his logic is the assumption that hoarding is a weak (i.e. elastic) demand. Hoarding is entirely different from normal consumption. It's born out of uncertainty over future supply ("Will the tankers arrive soon?") and need ("Will I need to drive out of town in a hurry?").
With a product like petrol, people are not just buying transportation, they are buying security. Many people are willing to pay a huge premium to buy that security, so it's difficult to raise prices enough to stop them. And if you did raise prices that high, you're guaranteed to hurt many people with genuine, immediate need, or make it unaffordable for them altogether.
Moreover, the root of the problem is that people feel insecure. A sudden, massive spike in price will make this worse. This is why price gouging is not a solution to petrol hoarding.
On general price gouging
With other goods, such as groceries, the perverse effects of uncertainty and insecurity don't come into play as much, so the economic arguments for price gouging is much stronger. And as I said earlier, fairness and equity doesn't fill up your petrol tank or buy you milk.
However, it does scare off looters, check on your grandmother and drive you to the hospital. (It might also buy you milk.)
The most remarked upon fact after the earthquake is the way in which people have been helping each other. Many people have acted in complete defiance of economic self-interest, and as a result, housing, labour, transport, equipment, all kinds of goods have been given to people who most need it.
Somebody can probably wrangle an explanation out of this that's consistent with classical economics. Perhaps helping the community is in their own long-term self-interest, and perhaps helping others means that they get helped in return.
But the bottom line is that a whole lot of people told the rational economic agent to take a hike*, and as a result, they did a much better job of efficiently allocating resources (that's Economistspeak for "helping people and getting shit done") than the market ever could.
I will fisticuffs anyone who reckons that this – people helping each other because they goddamn wanted to – was not an efficient outcome.
Price gouging may, in fact, be a good way of allocating milk or beans. It may prevent empty shelves or long queues. But the price of this is that people will despise their corner dairies and resent their rich neighbours, who will in turn be suspicious of them.
Fairness and equity – encapuslated in "we're all in this together" – is nothing less than the core of community. If you fuck with this, you're fucking with the core that's holding a community in crisis together, with people's goodwill towards each other, with a spirit that's allowing it to do things it could never do under normal circumstances.
The efficient allocation of milk and beans is utterly inconsequential in comparison. So yeah, don't price gouge.
(UPDATE: I haven't quite made up my mind about builders gouging though. The "extraordinary goodwill" argument is weaker, since things will be back to normal (well, the new normal) in the timeframe in which they'll be working; the allocative efficiency arguments are stronger, since prices really would encourage builders to move to Christchurch in a useful timeframe.)
171 responses Email Share
* What I really meant to say here was that "Homo economicus can go fuck the Austrian School in the fucking ear". But that probably wasn't what most Canterburians were thinking.
171 responses to this post
Scott A, 20:25 Feb 27, 2011
Thanks Keith. Ever since I started to hear stories of service station owners and supermarkets deciding to self-ration how much petrol / bread / water they sold to customers rather than price gouge I thought it was an interesting reflection on classical free-market economics. Perhaps it is the simplest and most direct example of how such theories are nice and simple, but just doesn't do anything to explain or predict how people actually behave in socio-economic communities.
And, as you explain so well, in such a potentially free-wheeling market as a city after a disaster, it was the choice of people to ratio and control the market that provided the efficient provision of needed goods.
The wilds of Kingston, We… • Since May 2009 • 132 posts Report Reply
George Darroch, 20:50 Feb 27, 2011
I think you make very clear points.
To use the language of economists, you increase the cost of cooperation, and you destroy social capital. Decreasing the cooperative state of a body is harmful under normal circumstances, as fascinating new research shows. Isolating antagonistic actors is highly important for maintaining the unity of a group.
under stress, social networks either end up all agreeing or splitting into two opposing factions. Either condition is referred to as "structural balance."
In this situation, the costs are much higher. Anti-social actions are both unpriced externalities, so it is right that social opprobrium is used to increase their cost to actors. Where the state has been able to price anti-social behaviour, by imposing costs, it has, in quite dramatic ways. This is why looters are being given much harsher treatment by the courts than would ordinary thieves taking the same would.
Classical economics is weak, often perverse. The poor person starving and the rich person hungry both have similar needs, but one is priced out of the market immediately. This is why prices are poor expressions of preferences - rather than perfect ones as stupid economists like Mr Crampton assume - in anything other than an egalitarian society.
WLG • Since Nov 2006 • 2264 posts Report Reply
Lew Stoddart, 20:51 Feb 27, 2011
Damned right.
One thing to add: Eric, in the aftermath of the last quake argued for price gouging on goods other than petrol; specifically, water. He blogged on the topic and published effectively the same argument as an op-ed in one of the daily papers (I forget which); and then we rehashed it in discussion at my blog after the Queensland floods, after I wrote about how local political leaders had explicitly placed the sort of social cohesion you write about ahead of notional 'efficiency'. So he's on the hook for both your objections, not just the first.
Wellington, NZ • Since Aug 2010 • 109 posts Report Reply
Emma Hart, 21:00 Feb 27, 2011
But the price of this is that people will despise their corner dairies and resent their rich neighbours, who will in turn be suspicious of them.
This. We love our corner dairy for their behaviour in both earthquakes. We will preferentially use them for little things, rather than going down the road to larger shops which are slightly cheaper anyway. So in the long term, by not price-gouging, they have benefitted economically. It's called good will, and I seem to remember putting it on double-entry accounts at high school.
Christchurch • Since Nov 2006 • 4650 posts Report Reply
Isaac Freeman, 21:01 Feb 27, 2011
I'm not certain how fair the reports of "panic buying" of petrol are. The service stations have certainly had huge demand with queues running down the roads, but people are also genuinely driving out of town. As I understand it, about 10% of the population of Christchurch is currently elsewhere, and while many have flown out, many will also have driven. It seems possible that people are genuinely buying the petrol they need to do what they intend to do, which is to all drive a long way at the same time.
Christchurch • Since Feb 2007 • 134 posts Report Reply
Emma Hart, in reply to Isaac Freeman, 21:02 Feb 27, 2011
It's been weird. When we drove to Ilam on... Thursday, I think, some service stations had huge queues out the forecourts. Ones just down the road were just doing normal business. I wonder if people go past a busy one and think, "Shit, people are panic-buying, better make sure I get some too."
Lew Stoddart, in reply to Emma Hart, 21:21 Feb 27, 2011
So in the long term, by not price-gouging, they have benefitted economically.
This is one of Eric's points: society punishes vendors much more harshly for gouging in order to maintain supply than for running out. I see this as a beneficial reflection of social cohesion; pro-gougers sees this as inefficient.
One suggestion that Eric made to overcome this in the case in point was for vendors to donate the excess charge to the Red Cross, so no argument of profiteering could be made against the vendors. In this way it would be more like an involuntary surcharge, and the situation would (in principle) be the best of both worlds: price signals, no profiteering, and the bonus of a windfall for disaster provision.
The trouble, however, is that those who can't afford to buy at the inflated price still get left out. And there's no practical way of verifying that the price excess has been transmitted up the chain. And then there's the general confusion and increase of irrationality and panic caused by a sharp jump in pricing. I mean, look at the conniptions a 15% holiday surcharge gives people...
Idiot Savant, 22:08 Feb 27, 2011
And in extremis form lynchmobs, the prevention of which is basically the State's reason for existence.
Price gouging takes us back to the State of Nature. And we really, really do not want to go there, ever.
Palmerston North • Since Nov 2006 • 1711 posts Report Reply
Christopher Dempsey, 22:32 Feb 27, 2011
I'm left wondering how Mr Crampton responded to the 6.3 aftershock/quake with a force of 1.9g's. Did he abandon his homo econmis in favour of drawing on, and contributing to social capital, or was he resolute in applying "rational" economics to the situations he found himself in?
Parnell / Tamaki-Auckland… • Since Sep 2008 • 659 posts Report Reply
Keith Ng, in reply to Lew Stoddart, 23:29 Feb 27, 2011
Thanks Lew! Just read your piece - we made many of the same points. I particularly like your description of why price rationing is divisive:
it draws a distinction between those below and above the newly-established price margin which dispels the illusion of shared experience
I think the argument with water is the same as with petrol - both are cases of hoarding. However, the social cohesion argument applies to any good, including petrol and water.
The trouble, however, is that those who can't afford to buy at the inflated price still get left out.
Exactly. And while there might be less ill will towards the shop, the problem of inequality between neighbours remains.
Auckland • Since Nov 2006 • 543 posts Report Reply
Keith Ng, 23:44 Feb 27, 2011
Oi! Shuddup! *I'm* the Hobbesian around here.
But seriously though, I've always thought a lot of the civil society stuff was fluff compared with black and white lines of coercive force and law. This has made me rethink that.
We're not talking about inequality shifting people from business-as-usual to lawlessness, but about it stopping people from going to an extraordinary degree of civic-mindedness.
None of the Hobbesian life and death stuff comes into play, nor is this about the relationship between individuals and the state. It's made me realise that there could be many more shades of nasty and brutish even in a stable society, and it's made me glad that we're not there!
Neil Morrison, 00:18 Feb 28, 2011
...they did a much better job of efficiently allocating resources (that's Economistspeak for "helping people and getting shit done") than the market ever could.
How is people freely choosing to allocate resources according to exchange criteria of their own choosing not a free market?
Keith Ng, in reply to Neil Morrison, 01:53 Feb 28, 2011
I was specifically using the word market to mean resource allocation based on price signals.
Can't have a market without trade. It's not trading if you don't ask for anything in return. Hence, no price = not market.
Emily Perkins, 06:30 Feb 28, 2011
Thanks, Keith. This makes me think of some of Rebecca Solnit's writing about the extraordinary behaviour of communities in disaster. Reading her essays about say Katrina or Haiti also makes it clear how much the response and recovery depend on what a place is like *before* disaster strikes.
http://www.yesmagazine.org/issues/a-resilient-community/in-new-orleans-kindness-trumped-chaos
Auckland • Since Feb 2011 • 5 posts Report Reply
Matthew Poole, in reply to Idiot Savant, 09:07 Feb 28, 2011
And in extremis form lynchmobs
Totally. A strong economic argument for not gouging is, "If I price in all the demand signals (gouge, in the layman's English), it's entirely possible that those who are now priced out of the market, or who feel that their own needs are not served by my pricing-out of those at the bottom of the market, will respond by advising me of their displeasure (fucking me and my shit up, in the layman's English) rather than seeking an alternative supplier."
Also, as others have said and ignoring basic human psychological motivators around altruism, observed economic practice says that the short-term gain to be had from gouging (because, let's face it, the decision to gouge is not about economic factors relating to rationing supply and countering demand, it's all about making money) will be thoroughly negated by the long-term impact on the business once things return to normal. The market has a memory of players' behaviour, and if the only way to counter the memory is to discount heavily, whatever extra profit was made during the hey day of the crisis will be lost to reduced profits over a much longer period in the future. Potentially the business will be destroyed as a result of the market response to pricing decisions.
Auckland • Since Mar 2007 • 4097 posts Report Reply
Rich of Observationz, 09:51 Feb 28, 2011
There are a bunch of businesses that have a model which enshrines "price gouging" though - TradeMe sellers, airlines, even the NZRFU all run systems that are designed to increase the price as demand increases (or to give a good deal when there's low demand, but isn't that just another side of the same coin).
What about them?
Back in Wellington • Since Nov 2006 • 5550 posts Report Reply
Bart Janssen, 09:53 Feb 28, 2011
So to summarise economists are, and have always been, full of shit.
What is more obscene though is that most (all?) economists we hear from have vested interests in the policies they propose. I'd have much more trust in an unemployed economist on the DPB talking about the value of price gouging than one who owns shares in BP and Progressive enterprises.
Matthew Poole, in reply to Rich of Observationz, 10:22 Feb 28, 2011
They're not selling goods/services under crisis conditions, though. A key requirement for a functional market is rational behaviour by all players, and the aftermath of a lethal earthquake destroys that premise. Noone suggests that not getting a ticket to the RWC final, or a particular flight, or winning that auction will be the literal difference between life or death - unless you're an emo who just missed out on the last seat and ticket to the last concert of your favourite band, I guess. That's not true in Christchurch.
Context is key. In an ordinary market, you have the choice to walk away and not risk death. That's not true in Christchurch - psychologically, at least, if not literally - which is where gouging happens. If you can only take the price offered, with no alternative except death or serious harm, you cannot make a rational decision. Same reason that free-market healthcare is such an abominable concept.
Tom Ackroyd, in reply to Matthew Poole, 10:25 Feb 28, 2011
Isn't "economic factors relating to rationing supply and countering demand" the same as "all about making money"?
Wellington • Since Nov 2006 • 159 posts Report Reply
Bart Janssen, in reply to Matthew Poole, 10:29 Feb 28, 2011
rational behaviour by all players
I've always found it better to translate this as
"we expect people to be selfish untrustworthy bastards, like us"
I find it quite amusing when real people fool economists by being generous altruistic and ... nice
Demand is elastic. Under normal circumstances, these people are okay. If someone wants to watch the rugby, they can pay for it, because they have other options for entertainment, like watching it on television, seeing a lower division match, or spending their entertainment dollars elsewhere.
Food demand is pretty inelastic. You can normally subsitute for cheaper food down the chain, but when a crisis hits and all food is valuable, substituting from food to not-food is simply not possible. This is why gouging is egregious in this situation. Similarly for transport - with limited transport options, gouging on an essential service is seen in a highly negative light.
I'd emphasis again that the price of price gouging is NOT lynchmobs, at least not in our society. What it damages is people's willingness to go above and beyond for their community, which is a really big deal in the circumstances.
There are a bunch of businesses that have a model which enshrines "price gouging" though
People don't act selflessly towards those businesses. It's a normal economic relationship.
What I'm saying is that if we want to preserve the *extraordinary* relationships that people have at the moment, we must avoid price gouging.
Same reason that free-market healthcare is such an abominable concept.
Yes, and because most states are not prepared to have citizens dying on the street, even in developing countries and the United States, there is a provider of last resort, offering very poor service but sufficient to keep most people above death.
A suitable comparison would be a restaurant operating beside a Red Cross tent. I think people would think the patrons to be wankers, but they would not consider the restaurant highly morally unfit. That's differentiation of markets. What gouging is in this context is a person or company exploiting a monopoly on supply for short term gain.
gouging on an essential service is seen in a highly negative light.
And the opposite, offering an essential service at highly reduced rates, as Air New Zealand did with their $50 fares to and from Christchurch, is seen in an incredibly positive light. It increases the tendency of people to work together.
It may have cost them millions, but it will have generated considerable brand loyalty. Qantas' charge to the NSW police force for the charter flight will have done the opposite to their brand.
They are not full of shit. They are asking a vital question: If there's a fixed amount of resources, how do we distribute it? It's a difficult question because sometimes, there's just not enough to go around. Somebody needs to be the bastard who figures out who misses out.
Economists should and do think about issues like fairness, morality and being a fricking human being. Some give it more consideration than others.
And the answer is always shit - but that's just because the question was shitty to begin with. If there's not enough, *someone* will have to miss out.
An Indian, a Pakistani & a Broadcaster Walk into a Kmart
Yeah nah, but what *do* we stand for?
The Whaledump Saga: Scooby-Doo Edition
OnPoint Archive
Who is Keith Ng?
Briefing for Incoming Ministers
My Public Key
@keith_ng


Vector illustrator Stephanie F Scholz was commissioned to create a series of illustrations explaining the environmental benefits of these incredible Vertical Forests projects.
Describing the Vertical Forest as a "philosophy and living approach", Boeri's aspirations for the future of the project are global and all encompassing, as demonstrated by its latest incarnation: the Nanjing Green Towers. Covered in 1,100 trees and 2,500 plants and shrubs, the towers are set to provide 25 tonnes of CO2 absorption a year whilst producing approximately 60kg of oxygen per day.


Specifically, this project aims to: 1. Review and organize the reported social and cultural benefits and risks associated with a traditional diet and related activities (hunting, preparation, consumption); 2. Develop and apply a survey tool to increase our understanding of the determinants of diet behavior; 3. Develop a conceptual framework for the ordered presentation of this information; 4. Link this framework with those organizing information on health and economic benefits and risks associated with traditional foods.
Social research methods are employed in this study: focus groups for determinant identification, survey for assessment of quantification of determinants among northern population; literature review and content analysis will be conducted to organize and group common cultural and social benefits and risks associated with country foods in the north, decision making framework will be based on this qualitative analysis of existing data.
Northern Contaminants Program (INAC), SSHRC Funded project "Sustainable Development in the Arctic: Conditions for Food Security"


The 2019 Kia K900 Will Give You LIFE!
What's not to like about the 2019 Honda Odyssey?
Most of the time, car shoppers will spot compact vehicles and typically offer "it's so cute" comments about them, and then just mosey along. Surprisingly, there is a vehicle that although categorized as small, is big in so many ways….


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This product is created and sold by Jason Mangrum, the product's vendor.


The PT110LC, PT111LC and PT112LC are DIN rail mounted micro-controller based analogue load cell transmitters. They have very high accuracy and long term stability with advanced design.
The PT112LC is a high speed version of the PT111LC.


Irene, a young witch, is attending her fourth year at Durmstrang, a school for magic. Long after the Dark Lord has fallen, she begins to be the centre of odd occurrences that, more often than not, turn out to be life-threatening to her and her friends. But who is pulling the strings this time?
The next generation sequel we wanted Cursed Child to be.


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All Orders and Decisions Wins
New York County Judge Sanctions "Most Beautiful" Doctor, Defendant David A. Greuner for Spoliation in favor of Plaintiff, Represented by FENSTERSTOCK, P.C., in Fraud Action Involving Over-Prescription of Injectable Opioids; Case Proceeds to Trial
New York, New York–September 20, 2018–Upon hearing oral argument from Fensterstock, P.C., representing Plaintiff against Defendant Doctor David A. Greuner, the Honorable Justice Shlomo Hagler of New York County Supreme Court granted Plaintiff's motion for sanctions due to spoliation of Plaintiff's medical records. The decision was made immediately from the bench.
This case involves alleged fraudulent acts by Dr. Greuner, whereby Dr. Greuner allegedly prescribed, sold, and administered hundreds of injectable opioids (e.g., Demerol) to the Plaintiff, allegedly in exchange for cash, checks, credit cards, jewelry, first-class plane ticket upgrades, joy rides in Plaintiff's car to the Hamptons, clothing, and designer handbags, under the guise of "medical treatment." Dr. Greuner also allegedly sent his girlfriend, whom he allegedly represented was a registered nurse when she was not, to deliver the injectibles when it became too inconvenient for Dr. Gruener to do so. Plaintiff has sued Dr. Greuner for fraud, seeking damages, including punitive damages for his alleged misconduct.
This case is set to proceed to a jury trial.
View the Order
Formed in 2018 by attorney Evan S. Fensterstock, a New York Rising Star business litigator for the last four consecutive years, Fensterstock, P.C. represents clients in complex, commercial litigation and employment matters in trials, appeals, and negotiations on both the plaintiff and defense side in New York state and federal courts, and in arbitration, in cases involving breach of contract, indemnification, breach of fiduciary duty, fraud, non-competition agreements and restrictive covenants, defamation, trade secret misappropriation, shareholder derivative suits, negligence, accounting and legal malpractice, false light invasion of privacy, injunctions, and Sarbanes Oxley whistleblower actions. The Fensterstock name has been respected by the legal community for nearly a century, starting with New York Assistant Attorney General Nathaniel Fensterstock (1916-1988), Evan Fensterstock's grandfather, who wrote the History of New York Social Welfare Legislation in 1941, and Blair C. Fensterstock (1950-2017), Evan Fensterstock's late father, a Columbia Law Graduate, Harlan Fiske Stone Scholar, and a Top 100 Business Litigator, known for, among other notable matters, trying cases arising out of the 1993 World Trade Center bombings.
Copyright © 2018-2019 fensterstockpc.com
← Onex Corporation's Summary Judgment Motion Denied  → Evan S. Fensterstock Named a "Rising Star" Lawyer by Super Lawyers


The Presidents Council format has worked consistently well for our company, and we've enjoyed a high success rate in securing listings. For larger national accounts, the opportunity to present a product directly to the appropriate buyer ..
Presidents Council's access, together with their market knowledge and experience helping suppliers pioneer the North American and European DIY markets make the Presidents Council uniquely capable to assist suppliers secure new retail accounts.
building these relationships, becoming a respected association and networking group and a real thought-leader in the industry.


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Joe White HM Consulate General in San Francisco VVIP Visitors Guide
San Francisco Cable Car Museum
Antique cable cars on exhibit in the historic building that houses the cable-pulling equipment
Cable Car Heritage. From the first run in 1873 to the present. Learn about the inventor, technologies, builders, rapid expansion, near loss and the ongoing efforts to save and rebuild the cable cars of San Francisco.
cable car museum. Houses a collection of historic cable cars, photographs, mechanical displays and gift shop run by the Friends of the Cable Car Museum – a nonprofit organization dedicated to the preservation of cable car history.
museum Information. Located in the Washington-Mason powerhouse and carbarn on Nob Hill. Hours of operation, contact info, travel info, cable car guide, public transportation options and schedules.
Online Store. Select items from the museum store will be made available online. The museum store offers a variety of cable car memorabilia, books, clothing, cards and even genuine cable car bells!
Cable Car Museum, Mason Street, San Francisco, CA, USA
http://www.cablecarmuseum.org


Six more people have come forward with accusations against Yeshiva University, days after 19 former high school students filed a $380 million suit charging that Y.U. covered up decades of physical and sexual abuse.
Mike Reck, an attorney representing the six, said his clients are disappointed they have been unable to reach a settlement with Y.U. and are poised to file lawsuits.
If the impasse continues, "the survivors have no choice but to avail themselves of the court system," said Reck, an attorney with the New York office of Jeff Anderson and Associates, a Minnesota firm that specializes in abuse cases.
So far, two former Y.U. high school staff members and a former Y.U. student have been accused of abuse in the lawsuit already filed. Reck says his clients' suit could reveal three additional people as accused molesters.
His clients, the attorney said, include people who were abused by Rabbi George Finkelstein, a former principal of Y.U.'s Manhattan boys high school. Most say they were assaulted between 1969 and the early '80s. But Reck says he also represents a woman who says she was abused by Finkelstein during the 1990s, when Finkelstein was dean of the Samuel Scheck Hillel Community Day School, in Florida.
The woman blames Y.U. for failing to warn the Florida school about Finkelstein even though administrators knew he posed a threat to children when he took up the post in North Miami Beach in 1995.
More than a dozen former students at Y.U.'s Manhattan high school have told the Forward that Finkelstein had inappropriate sexual contact with boys under the guise of wrestling.
The assaults are alleged to have taken place during the 1970s and '80s, at a time when Y.U. faced severe financial problems.
Y.U. said in a statement that it would not comment on ongoing litigation. A spokesman told The New York Times that Y.U. hoped an investigation it commissioned to look into the abuse allegations would be finalized in the coming weeks. "We will address the findings publicly once the report is issued," the spokesman said.
Quote "Lamm said Y.U. did not inform the Florida school about Finkelstein's wrestling because "the responsibility of a school in hiring someone is to check with the previous job."
what b.s.! how could it be prompt when it took them over 30 years and they only acknowledged it when a dozen victims came foreward to sue them!!
How long before BMG will be open to SS marriage & gay clubs in order to keep their University status? BMG has been seeking lately to be a YU type of institution, thereby receiving much wanted endownment dollars.
It's the begining of the end.


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(319) Leona es un asteroide perteneciente al cinturón exterior de asteroides descubierto el 8 de octubre de 1891 por Auguste Honoré Charlois desde el observatorio de Niza, Francia.
Se desconoce la razón del nombre.

Véase también
 Lista de asteroides del (301) al (400)

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Asteroides del cinturón exterior de asteroides
Objetos astronómicos descubiertos por Auguste Charlois
Objetos astronómicos descubiertos desde el Observatorio de Niza
Objetos astronómicos descubiertos en 1891
Wikiproyecto:Asteroides/Artículos de asteroides


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Answers to all the frequently asked questions we receive.
Got a question that isn't answered here? email it to us.
Who are the Team Pilots?
How do you ship stuff?
How does your inventory work?
See what mischief we get up to.
RCBits was started by a pair of remote control helicopter enthusiasts back November 2008 due to the inaccessibility of quality RC parts and accessories on our Australian shores. Our mission was to get you the gear you like, at the right price. About 9 years later, the interests have now gravitated towards the FPV Multicopter racing type of things so the store has now evolved its offering to cater for a slightly different hobby. We still get out and fly the helicopters from time to time, but most weekends are now spent with goggles on our faces crashing and bashing into gates, flags, trees and bushes.
Timmy takes care of all matters.
You can check out what mischief we get up to on our Facebook page as well as sending us love letters and spam.
None, we used to have those things, but now its just Timmy. Perhaps there will be a Team Old Mate revival in the future, but at the moment it's just for laughs.
Whats the go with shipping?
All orders are sent using Australia Post (except for Byron Fuels which must be sent via TNT Road freight). Packages are sent out via Express or Registered post (depending on what we can squeeze your bits into). Orders can be tracked from the Australia Post website. We try and fit all orders into the express satchels where possible, but sometimes this just cannot be done and we have to use the larger registered post options to get your order out.
- Express Post (500gram/3kg satchel). This is the most common option, will fit most items except blades, booms, kits and big/heavy stuff that simply won't fit into the satchel.
- Registered Post orders (Tubes/Boxes). This option is for all large items. If you have added a particular item to your shopping cart which we know doesn't fit into a satchel, the website will not show you the express options listed above.
- International orders. We charge a flat rate of $25 for all international orders. This covers 95% of the cost. In cases where you have ordered something large or heavy and the cost will far exceed the $25, we will contact you about it before processing your order.
- Pick up. We offer local pickup from one of the team in Canberra. Please contact us via email if you need more details regarding location and times for this.
The website only provides FLAT RATE shipping quotes. When large items are added to your cart (big things we know for a fact that will not fit in a 500gram satchel), it will bump up the minimum shipping cost to the same amount for the larger satchel / registered post orders. Anything large will be automatically packed and sent via the registered post option, even if you choose one of the express post shipping choices. Sorry in advance if this bothers you - feel free to suggest a better way if you know of one.
International shipping will quote you a flat rate of $25, this covers 95% of all international shipments, if you're ordering something large like blades or kits and the cost of freight is way above $25 we will notify you. International orders are sent WITHOUT tracking unless specifically requested (because its prohibitively expensive for some reason).
Generally 1-2 days. Refer to Australia Post's Next Day Delivery Network to verify with your particular postcode. All orders are sent from Canberra, ACT.
The RCBits inventory is a real-time living creature. If a product says "Totally in stock right now" then it means that we physically have the item sitting there, ready to ship straight to you. Items that are not in stock will display "Sorry bro, out of stock". The website will not allow you to add more of a particular item than we have available to your shopping cart, nor will it let you add an item that is out of stock. We try to keep our inventory as accurate as possible, but we do occasionally stumble upon an error here and there.
Orders placed through the website and paid using Paypal will automatically deduct your order from our inventory count.
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Judson Parker - Chairman
Judson oversees all aspects of the organization including policy and strategy development for major campaigns, building the organization's membership, visibility and field power, and recruiting and mobilizing hundreds of citizen activists. Before founding Save Our Shores! Florida in 2008, Judson ran campaigns for the Fund for Public Interest Research, serving as a state Citizen Outreach Director. During that time, he helped build membership, financial resources, and grassroots power for partner organizations such as Sierra Club, Environment America, and the United States Public Interest Research Group (U.S.PIRG). A graduate of the John Sperling School of Business and Technology at the University of Phoenix, Judson lives in Tallahassee, Florida, where he is committed to defending the state's unique and beautiful marine environment.
Amanda Meredith - Communications Director
Amanda joined us from her previous job at the Florida Public Interest Research Group (FPIRG), where she worked as a grassroots campaign coordinator and assistant fundraising director. She also worked with Environment Florida in 2008 to push Congress to allocate $78.6 billion in funding for clean energy, energy efficiency, and green transportation through the American Reinvestment and Recovery Act. Amanda is a graduate of the Florida State University and currently serves as the Communications Director for Save Our Shores! Florida. She can be contacted at Amanda@SOSFla.org
Diane Davison - General Counsel
Diane serves as head of the legal team and general counsel for Save Our Shores! Florida and is also a practicing attorney in areas of Environmental Law, Contract Formation and Review, Wills and Probate and other Civil Actions. Diane may be contacted at: Law Office of Diane K. Davison, Esq. P.O. Box 57 High Springs, Florida 32655-0057 Email: DKDavisonLaw@SOSFla.org
Travis Williams - Membership Program Director
Lisa Martell - Tampa Bay Area Coordinator
Kirsten Perilli - Sarasota Area Coordinator
Barbara Antonetti - West Palm Beach Area Coordinator
| Labels: Staff