You may have just ruined my day. But, I sincerely doubt SOS is leaving. However, Nix will likely start interviewing immediately. Most likely he'll go to North Texas.
How about 2 more 4 star recruits today.
More recruits = good news.
I'm holding out that Nix might wait one more year for a bigger opportunity than North Texas.
Guess Dr. Sorensen had a convention in NY. SOS is staying put. Next time you want to give your brother a heart attack, just tell me some crazy lie like you're turning gay.


Wow. Wow. Wow. Over the years Guerilla Games has struggled to quite hit the heights we knew they were capable of. Lurking beneath the Killzone series was the glimmering of greatness, yet it took the drastic change to Horizon: Zero Dawn's sprawling post-apocalyptic, robo-dino world for them to really prove their worth. Breathtaking, gorgeously animated and oozing style, Horizon: Zero Dawn is both familiar and wholly unique. To top it off with The Frozen Wilds expansion is just the icing on the cake.
While the rest of the world seems to be busying itself with games-as-a-service, Arkane's two studios knuckled down and delivered two fantastic, self-contained single-player experiences worth any gamers' time - Prey and Dishonored: Death of the Outsider. Each fantastic in their own way, they're testament to Arkane's talent at world building and complex interlocking mechanics that encourage play rather than repetition.
Long lurking behind the scenes, Divinity: Original Sin helped really put Larian Studios on the map. They followed it up this year with Divinity: Original Sin II, quite possibly one of the greatest RPGs ever made. It's absolutely magnificent, aided by an open development process, fair pricing and excellent post-launch support. They're a template for how successful mid-sized studios can be.


text:
Q: Trying to install gem devise I am having a problem adding the gem file: gem 'devise'.  When I add it to sublime and then go to the terminal and do bundle install, I get an error.  This is what I get:
Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

An error occured while installing bcrypt (3.1.7), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install bcrypt -v '3.1.7'` succeeds before bundling.  (I have no idea what this means)

I am working on the One Month Rails course following the video tutorials.

A: Native Extensions, in short, are a connection between a rubygem and some non-ruby components, usually some C code or library. For further reading on what exactly goes on when building native extensions this blog post by Pat Shaughnessy walks through the process.
To address your question, few things could be causing this problem, but the most likely reason is that you require Command Line Tools installed within OSX. If XCode is already installed, run the below command on the command line to install the tools. If XCode is not installed, install the latest version of XCode, restart your terminal, and then run the below command.
sudo xcode-select --install

Once you've got the command line tools installed you should be good to go.

A: Your ruby development library isn't installed
install the ruby 1.9-dev package or similar dev package, and try again else you could use rvm.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Chris Pooley is perfecting his margarita recipe. It will likely be the libation of choice at Festival las Americas, and he wants to make sure he doesn't disappoint.
"I checked the weather report; we're supposed to have good weather!" the immigration attorney said excitedly of Club Rotario's biggest fundraiser, happening Friday, May 4 from 11 a.m. to 8 p.m. at Sopris Park.
Even though the festival celebrating all of the Americas — South, Central and North — is in its 16th year, this will only be the second time it's held in May instead of August. That was largely Samuel Bernal's idea.
"When you want to change something, you really have to get involved," he said. "To get involved, you have to be part of the team." So he became a Club Rotario member last year, attending weekly meetings and making gentle suggestions.
"Part of what they look for in their event is diversity," Bernal continued. He thought that changing the date to align with both First Friday and Cinco de Mayo would help accomplish that goal.
Bernal, the radio host and vice president of award-winning La Tricolor, is in charge of entertainment at the festival — a role that plays to his strengths.
And as for this year's four-band lineup? Bernal said it's about supporting local groups.
"It doesn't matter if you have a big name; people just want to have fun," he said of the festival, adding that keeping the entertainment local helps keep the budget small.
Keeping costs low is an important aspect of planning the annual Sopris Park event. While Club Rotario relies heavily on sponsors, those funds don't go toward operations — they go toward "becas," or scholarships, for low-income Anglo and Latino students in the Valley. And this year's festival has raised more scholarship money for Colorado Mountain College students — many of whom are first generation — than ever before.
"We talk to the counselors at the high schools and let them know what we're doing," Quevedo said about getting the word out. Additionally, instead of creating a completely separate application, the club utilizes existing processes to find deserving scholarship recipients.
"Our scholarship is connected to the CMC scholarship application, so when kids apply to the CMC scholarship, our scholarship is part of that," Quevedo said.
Alpine Bank also offers its own scholarship and Lucy Moncada, a club member and Alpine Bank employee, screens those applicants as well. "Sometimes the students don't have time to apply throughout the system," she said, so she's happy to be a conduit for those opportunities.
In addition to live music, margaritas and cross-cultural recreation in the park, the festival also is about community engagement. Part of that includes the Jackie Morales award ceremony, which recognizes community members in four categories: professional, teacher, volunteer and student, Quevedo explained. Morales was a founding festival organizer and club member.
This year, one little number made a big difference for Festival las Americas organizers: because Club Rotario is a 501(c)4 instead of a 501(c)3 nonprofit, Garfield County was unable to waive its special event vendor fees. Garfield County only offers yearlong permits, so even if vendors were only interested in participating in one event for one day, they would still have to pay the $255 fee. The end result? Festival las Americas has only one committed food vendor as of press time.


text:
\section{Introduction}
 \noindent In the study of space curve in the Euclidean 3-space $E^3$ at every point of the curve one can associate the moving orthonormal frame called Serret-Frenet frame $\left\lbrace T, N, B\right\rbrace$, consisting of the unit tangent vector, the principal normal vector and the binormal vector, respectively. According to Serret-Frenet frame at  every point of the curve there exist three orthogonal planes, so called rectifying, normal and osculating planes. Rectifying curves are introduced by B. Y. Chen in [1] as a space curve whose position vector always lies in its rectifying plane. Here, the rectifying plane is spanned by the tangent vector $T(s)$ and the binormal vector $B(s)$. Thus, the position vector $\gamma(s)$ of a rectifying curve $\gamma$ in $E^3$ satisfies the equation  $\gamma(s) = \lambda(s)T(s) + \mu(s)B(s)$ for some differentiable functions $\lambda(s)$ and $\mu(s)$. The rectifying curves are also studied in [3] as the extremal curves.
 Further, authors studied rectifying curves via the dilation of unit speed curves on the unit sphere $S^2$ in the Euclidean 3-space and obtained a necessary and sufficient condition for which the centrode $d(s)$ of a unit speed curve $\gamma(s)$ is a rectifying curve [5]. Also in [7], authors defined a rectifying curve in the Euclidean $4$-space as a curve whose position vector always lies in orthogonal complement $N^\bot$ of its principal normal vector field $N$. \\

 \noindent In [10], authors studied rectifying curve on a smooth surface and obtained a sufficient condition for which a rectifying curve on a smooth surface remains invariant under isometry of surfaces by using Serret-Frenet frame. On the other hand, when we study space curve on a smooth surface immersed in Euclidean 3-space at every point of the curve another moving orthonormal frame called Darboux frame $\left\lbrace T, P, U\right\rbrace$ comes naturally, where $T$ is the unit tangent vector to the curve at that point, $U$ being the unit normal to the surface and $P = U\times T$. In [4], authors gave some characterizations of position vector of a unit speed curve in a regular surface immersed in Euclidean 3-space which always lies in the planes spanned by $\left\lbrace T, U\right\rbrace$, $\left\lbrace T, P\right\rbrace$ and $\left\lbrace P, U\right\rbrace$, respectively by using the Darboux frame. Thus motivated sufficiently, we study rectifying curve on a smooth surface immersed in Euclidean 3-space and investigate the sufficient condition for the invariance of a rectifying curve on the smooth surface under isometry by using Darboux frame instead of Frenet frame. The paper is arrange as follws: In section 2, we discuss some basic theory of unit speed parametrized curve on a smooth surface. Section 3 is devoted to the investigation of the sufficient condition for the invariance of a rectifying curve on a smooth surface immersed in Euclidean 3-space under isometry. In this section, we also find the deviations of the position vector of a rectifying curve on the smooth surface along any tangent vector $T = a\phi_u + b\phi_v$, the unit normal $U$ to the surface and along $U \times T$ with respect to the isometry.

\section{Preliminaries}
\noindent Let $\gamma: I \rightarrow E^3$, where $I = (\alpha, \beta)\subset\mathbb{R}$, be the unit speed parametrized curve that has at least four continuous derivatives. Then the tangent vector of the curve $\gamma$ be denoted by $T$ and given by $T(s) = \gamma^{'}(s)$, $\forall s \in I$,  where $\gamma^{'}$ denote the derivative of $ \gamma$ with respect to the arc length
parameter $s$. The binormal vector $B$ is defined by $B = T\times N$, where $N$ is the principal normal vector to the curve $\gamma$. The Frenet-Serret equations are given by
\begin{equation}
T^{'}(s) = \kappa(s)N(s),
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
N^{'}(s) = -\kappa(s)T(s) + \tau(s)B(s),
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
B^{'}(s) = -\tau(s)N(s),
\end{equation}
where $\kappa(s)$ and $\tau(s)$ are smooth functions of $s$, called curvature and torsion of the curve $\gamma$.

\noindent Let $\phi: V\subset\mathbb{R}^2\rightarrow S$ be the coordinate chart for a smooth surface $S$ immersed in Euclidean space $E^3$ and the unit speed parametrized curve $\gamma: I \rightarrow S\subset E^3$, where $I = (\alpha, \beta)\subset\mathbb{R}$, contained in the image of a surface patch $\phi$ in the atlas of $S$. Then $\gamma(s)$ is given by
\begin{equation}
\gamma(s) = \phi(u(s), v(s)),\indent \forall s \in I.
\end{equation}
Now, the curve $\gamma(s)$ lies on the surface $S$ there exists another moving orthonormal frame called Darboux frame $\left\lbrace T, P, U\right\rbrace$ at each point of the curve $\gamma(s)$. Since the unit tangent $T$ is common in both Frenet frame and Darboux frame, the vectors $N, B, P, U$ lie in the same plane. So that the relations between these frames can be given as follows:
 \begin{equation}

\left[ {\begin{array}{c}
	 T \\
	 P \\
	 U \\
	\end{array} } \right]=
 \left[ {\begin{array}{ccc}
 	1 & 0 & 0 \\
 	0 & cos\theta & sin\theta\\
 	0 & -sin\theta & cos\theta\\
 	\end{array} } \right]
 \left[ {\begin{array}{c}
 	T \\
 	N \\
 	B \\
 	\end{array} } \right],
 \end{equation}
 where $\theta$ is the angle between vectors $N$ and $P$.

 \noindent Again, since $\gamma(s)$ is unit-speed curve lies on surface $S$, $\gamma^{''}$ is perpendicular to $\gamma^{'}(= T)$, and hence is a linear combination of $U$ and $P (= U \times T)$. Thus
 \begin{equation}
 \gamma^{''}(s) = k_n(s) U(s) + k_g(s) P(s),
 \end{equation}
 where $k_n$ and $k_g$ are smooth functions of $s$, called the normal curvature and the geodesic  curvature of $\gamma$, respectively. Since $U$ and $P$ are perpendicular unit vectors therefore from (2.6), we get
 \begin{equation}
 k_n(s) = \gamma^{''}(s).U(s)\indent and \indent k_g(s) = \gamma^{''}(s).P(s).
 \end{equation}
 Also from (2.1) and (2.7), we obtain
  \begin{equation}
 k_n(s) = \kappa(s)N(s).U(s)\indent and \indent k_g(s) = \kappa(s)N(s).P(s),
 \end{equation}
 which implies
 \begin{equation}
 k_n(s) = \kappa(s)sin\theta\indent and \indent k_g(s) = \kappa(s)cos\theta.
 \end{equation}
 Thus the curve $\gamma$ is a geodesic curve if and only if $k_g = 0$ and the curve $\gamma$ is an asymptotic line if and only if $k_n = 0$.

 \noindent Now, Differentiating (2.4) with respect to $s$, we get
 \begin{equation}
 T(s)= \gamma^{'}(s) = u^{'}\phi_u + v^{'}\phi_v.
 \end{equation}
 The unit normal $U$ to the surface $S$ is given by
 \begin{equation}
 U(s) = \frac{\phi_u\times\phi_v}{||\phi_u\times\phi_v||} = \frac{\phi_u\times\phi_v}{\sqrt{EG-F^2}}.
 \end{equation}
 Also, since $P = U \times T$ by using (2.10) and (2.11), we obtain
  \begin{equation}
 P(s) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{EG-F^2}}(Eu^{'}\phi_v + F(v^{'}\phi_v - u^{'}\phi_u) -G v^{'}\phi_u),
 \end{equation}
 where $E = \phi_u.\phi_u$, $F = \phi_u.\phi_v$ and $G = \phi_v.\phi_v$ are coefficients of first fundamental form.

\noindent\textbf{Definition 2.1.} [6] A diffeomorphism $f: S\rightarrow \overline{S}$ between two surfaces $S$ and $\overline{S}$ is an isometry if $<f_*(\omega_1), f_*(\omega_2)>_{f(p)} = <\omega_1, \omega_2>_{p}$, for all $p\in S$ and for all $\omega_1,\omega_2 \in T_pS$. The surfaces $S$ and $\overline{S}$ are called isometric if there is an isometry between them.

\noindent Now, from Theorem 5.1 and Corollary 8.2 of [9], we have the following:

 (i) An isometry $f$ between surfaces $S$ and $\overline S$ takes the geodesies of one surface to the geodesies of the other,

 (ii) Coefficients of first fundamental form preserve under isometry between surfaces $S$ and $\overline S$, i.e. if $E$, $F$, $G$ and  $\overline E$,   $\overline F$,  $\overline G$ are coefficients of first fundamental form of surfaces $S$ and $\overline S$, respectively then
\begin{equation}
E = \overline E,\indent F = \overline F\indent  and \indent G = \overline G.
\end{equation}

\section{Rectifying curves according to Darboux frame}

\noindent In this section, we study rectifying curves on a smooth surface by using Darboux frame. A curve $\gamma(s)$  on a smooth surface $S$ immersed in Euclidean 3-space  is called rectifying curve if its position vector always lies in rectifying plane of the curve. Thus the position vector of the curve $\gamma$ satisfies the equation
\begin{equation}
\gamma(s) = \lambda(s)T(s) + \mu(s)B(s),
\end{equation}
for some differentiable functions $\lambda(s)$ and $\mu(s)$. Thus by using (2.5) in (3.1), we obtain
\begin{equation}
\gamma(s) = \lambda(s)T(s) + \mu(s)P(s)sin\theta + \mu(s)U(s)cos\theta.
\end{equation}
\noindent Now, from (2.9), (2.10), (2.11), (2.12) and (3.2), we get
\begin{equation}\begin{split}
\gamma(s)& = \lambda(s)(u^{'}\phi_u + v^{'}\phi_v) + \frac{\mu(s)k_g(s)}{k(s)\sqrt{EG-F^2}}(\phi_u\times\phi_v) \\& + \frac{\mu(s)k
_n(s)}{k(s)\sqrt{EG-F^2}}(Eu^{'}\phi_v + F(v^{'}\phi_v - u^{'}\phi_u) -G v^{'}\phi_u).
\end{split}\end{equation}
This equation of rectifying curve on a smooth surface, which is neither a geodesic curve nor an asymptotic line on the surface.

\noindent Now, if the rectifying curve on the smooth surface is a geodesic curve (i.e. $k_g(s) = 0$) then $\theta = \pi/2$, $k_n(s) = k(s)$ and equation of the rectifying curve is given by
\begin{equation}\begin{split}
\gamma(s)& = \lambda(s)(u^{'}\phi_u + v^{'}\phi_v) + \frac{\mu(s)}{\sqrt{EG-F^2}}\\&(Eu^{'}\phi_v + F(v^{'}\phi_v - u^{'}\phi_u) -G v^{'}\phi_u).
\end{split}\end{equation}

\noindent Also, if the rectifying curve on the smooth surface is a asymptotic line (i.e. $k_n(s) = 0$) then $\theta = 0$, $k_g(s) = k(s)$ and equation of the rectifying curve is given by
\begin{equation}
\gamma(s) = \lambda(s)(u^{'}\phi_u + v^{'}\phi_v) + \frac{\mu(s)}{\sqrt{EG-F^2}}(\phi_u\times\phi_v).
\end{equation}

\begin {theorem} Let $f: S\rightarrow \overline{S}$ be an isometry, where $S$ and $\overline{S}$ are smooth surfaces and $\gamma(s)$ be a rectifying curve on $S$ with $k_n \neq 0$. Then $\overline{\gamma} = fo\gamma$ is a rectifying curve on $\overline{S}$ if any one of the following conditions holds:

(i) $\overline\gamma$ is geodesic curve on $\overline S$ and $\overline{\gamma} (s) = f_*(\gamma(s))$,

(ii) $\overline{\gamma}$ is asymptotic curve on $\overline{S}$ and $\overline{\gamma}(s) + \dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)}\overline{P}  = f_*(\gamma(s))$,

(iii) $\overline{\gamma}$ is neither geodesic nor asymptotic curve on $\overline{S}$ and $\overline{\gamma} (s) = f_*(\gamma(s))$.

\end{theorem}

\noindent \textit{Proof.} Let $f: S\rightarrow \overline{S}$ be an isometry, where $S$ and $\overline{S}$ are smooth surfaces and $\gamma(s)$ be a rectifying curve on $S$ such that $k_n \neq 0$.

\noindent Suppose (i) holds. Then, $\overline k_g(s) = 0$ and $\overline{\gamma}(s) = f_*(\gamma(s))$, which implies
\begin{equation}\begin{split}
\overline{\gamma}(s) =& \lambda(s)(u^{'}f_*{\phi_u} + v^{'}f_*{\phi_v}) + \frac{\mu(s)}{\sqrt{EG-F^2}}(Eu^{'}f_*{\phi_v} + F(v^{'}f_*{\phi_v} - u^{'}f_*{\phi_u})\\& - Gv^{'}f_*{\phi_u}).
\end{split}\end{equation}
Thus from (2.13) and (3.6), we get
\begin{equation}
\overline{\gamma}(s) = \overline\lambda(s)(u^{'}\overline{\phi_u} + v^{'}\overline{\phi_v}) + \frac{\overline\mu(s)}{\sqrt{\overline E\overline G-\overline F^2}}(\overline Eu^{'}\overline{\phi_v} + \overline F(v^{'}\overline{\phi_v} - u^{'}\overline{\phi_u}) - \overline Gv^{'}\overline{\phi_u}),
\end{equation}
 where $\overline{\lambda}(s) = \lambda(s)$ and $\overline{\mu}(s) = \mu(s)$. This is equation of rectifying curve on $\overline S$, which is geodesic on the surface.

\noindent Suppose (ii) holds. Then, $\overline k_n(s) = 0$ and $\overline{\gamma}(s) = f_*(\gamma(s)) - \dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)}\overline{P}$, which implies
\begin{equation}\begin{split}
\overline{\gamma}(s) &= \lambda(s)(u^{'}f_*{\phi_u} + v^{'}f_*{\phi_v}) +\dfrac{\mu(s)k_g(s)}{k(s)}f_*{U} - \dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)}\overline{P} \\&+ \dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)\sqrt{EG-F^2}}(Eu^{'}f_*{\phi_v} + F(v^{'}f_*{\phi_v} - u^{'}f_*{\phi_u}) - Gv^{'}f_*{\phi_u}).
\end{split}\end{equation}
Thus from (2.13) and (3.8), we obtain
\begin{equation}\begin{split}
\overline{\gamma}(s) &= \lambda(s)(u^{'}\overline{\phi_u} + v^{'}\overline{\phi_v}) +\dfrac{\mu(s)k_g(s)}{k(s)}\overline{U} - \dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)}\overline{P} \\&+ \dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)\sqrt{\overline E\overline G-\overline F^2}}(\overline Eu^{'}\overline{\phi_v} + \overline F(v^{'}\overline{\phi_v} - u^{'}\overline{\phi_u}) - \overline Gv^{'}\overline{\phi_u}),
\end{split}\end{equation}
which implies
\begin{equation}
\overline{\gamma}(s) = \overline\lambda(s)(u^{'}\overline{\phi_u} + v^{'}\overline{\phi_v}) +\overline\mu(s)\overline{U},
\end{equation}
where $\overline{\lambda}(s) = \lambda(s)$ and $\overline{\mu}(s) = \dfrac{\mu(s)k_g(s)}{k(s)}$.
This is equation of rectifying curve on $\overline S$, which is asymptotic on the surface.

\noindent Now, suppose (iii) holds. Then,  $\overline k_g(s) \neq 0$, $\overline k_n(s) \neq 0$ and $\overline{\gamma}(s) = f_*(\gamma(s))$, which implies
\begin{equation}\begin{split}
\overline{\gamma}(s) = &\lambda(s)(u^{'}f_*{\phi_u} + v^{'}f_*{\phi_v}) +\dfrac{\mu(s)k_g(s)}{k(s)}f_*{U} \\& + \dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)\sqrt{EG-F^2}}(Eu^{'}f_*{\phi_v} + F(v^{'}f_*{\phi_v} - u^{'}f_*{\phi_u}) - Gv^{'}f_*{\phi_u}).
\end{split}\end{equation}
Thus from (2.13) and (3.11), we get
\begin{equation}\begin{split}
\overline{\gamma}(s) =& \lambda(s)(u^{'}\overline{\phi_u} + v^{'}\overline{\phi_v}) +\dfrac{\mu(s)k_g(s)}{k(s)}\overline{U} \\& + \dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)\sqrt{\overline E\overline G-\overline F^2}}(\overline Eu^{'}\overline{\phi_v} + \overline F(v^{'}\overline{\phi_v} - u^{'}\overline{\phi_u}) - \overline Gv^{'}\overline{\phi_u}),
\end{split}\end{equation}
which implies
\begin{equation}\begin{split}
\overline{\gamma}(s) = &\overline\lambda(s)(u^{'}\overline{\phi_u} + v^{'}\overline{\phi_v}) +\dfrac{\overline\mu(s)\overline{k_g}(s)}{\overline{k}(s)}\overline{U} \\&+ \dfrac{\overline\mu(s)\overline{k_n}(s)}{\overline{k}(s)\sqrt{\overline E\overline G-\overline F^2}}(\overline Eu^{'}\overline{\phi_v} + \overline F(v^{'}\overline{\phi_v} - u^{'}\overline{\phi_u}) - \overline Gv^{'}\overline{\phi_u}),
\end{split}\end{equation}
where $\overline{\lambda}(s) = \lambda(s)$, $\dfrac{\overline\mu(s)\overline{k_g}(s)}{\overline{k}(s)} = \dfrac{\mu(s)k_g(s)}{k(s)}$ and $\dfrac{\overline\mu(s)\overline{k_n}(s)}{\overline{k}(s)} = \dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)}$.

 \noindent This is equation of rectifying curve on $\overline S$, which is neither geodesic nor asymptotic on the surface.

\begin {theorem} Let $f: S\rightarrow \overline{S}$ be an isometry, where $S$ and $\overline{S}$ are smooth surfaces and $\gamma(s)$ be a rectifying curve on $S$ with $k_n = 0$. Then $\overline{\gamma} = fo\gamma$ is a rectifying curve on $\overline{S}$ if any one of the following conditions holds:

(i) $\overline{\gamma}$ is asymptotic curve on $\overline{S}$ and $\overline{\gamma}(s) = F_*(\gamma(s))$,

(ii) $\overline{\gamma}$ is not asymptotic curve on $\overline{S}$ and $\overline{\gamma} (s) - \mu(s)\overline{P}  = F_*(\gamma(s))$.

\end{theorem}

\noindent \textit{Proof.} We can easily prove by using Theorem 3.1.

\begin {theorem} Let $f: S\rightarrow \overline{S}$ be an isometry. If $\gamma$ and $\overline{\gamma}$ are rectifying curves on $S$ and $\overline{S}$ respectively, with $k_n \neq 0$ then, we have follwing:

(i) if $\overline \gamma$ is geodesic curve on $\overline S$ then $\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline{T}(s) = \gamma(s).T(s)$,

(ii) if $\overline{\gamma}$ is asymptotic curve on $\overline{S}$ then  $\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline{T}(s) - \gamma(s).T(s) = \dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)})\\(\sqrt{EG-F^2})(av^{'} - bu^{'})$,

(iii) if $\overline{\gamma}$ is neither geodesic nor asymptotic curve on $\overline{S}$ then $\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline{T}(s) = \gamma(s).T(s)$,

where $T(s) = a\phi_u + b\phi_v$ is any tangent vector to the surface $S$ at point $\gamma(s)$.
\end{theorem}

\noindent \textit{Proof.} Let $f: S\rightarrow \overline{S}$ be an isometry and $\gamma$ and $\overline{\gamma}$ be rectifying curves on $S$ and $\overline{S}$ respectively, with $k_n \neq 0$. Then,
\begin{equation}
\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline{T}(s) - \gamma(s).T(s) = a(\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline\phi_u - \gamma(s).\phi_u) + b(\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline\phi_v  - \gamma(s).\phi_v).
\end{equation}
Now, from (3.3), we get
\begin{equation}
\gamma(s).\phi_u = \lambda(s)(u^{'}E + v^{'}F) + \dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)\sqrt{EG-F^2}}(F^{2} - GE)v^{'}.
\end{equation}
Similarly, we obtain
\begin{equation}
\gamma(s).\phi_v = \lambda(s)(u^{'}F + v^{'}G) - \dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)\sqrt{EG-F^2}}(F^{2} - GE)u^{'}.
\end{equation}
For (i), suppose $\overline \gamma$ is geodesic curve on $\overline S$. Then from (2.13) and (3.4), we get
\begin{equation}
\gamma(s).\phi_u = \lambda(s)(u^{'}E + v^{'}F) + \dfrac{\mu(s)}{\sqrt{EG-F^2}}(s)(F^{2} - GE)v^{'},
\end{equation}
and
\begin{equation}
\overline\gamma(s).\overline\phi_u = \lambda(s)(u^{'}E + v^{'}F) + \dfrac{\overline\mu(s)}{\sqrt{EG-F^2}}(F^{2} - GE)v^{'}.
\end{equation}
Thus from (3.17) and (3.18), we obtain
\begin{equation}
\overline\gamma(s).\overline\phi_u - \gamma(s).\phi_u = (\mu(s) - \overline\mu(s))(\sqrt{EG-F^2})v^{'}.
\end{equation}
Similarly, we get
\begin{equation}
\overline\gamma(s).\overline\phi_v - \gamma(s).\phi_v = (\mu(s) - \overline\mu(s))(\sqrt{EG-F^2})u^{'}.
\end{equation}
Thus from (3.14), (3.19) and (3.20), we get
\begin{equation}
\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline{T}(s) - \gamma(s).T(s) = (\mu(s) - \overline\mu(s))(\sqrt{EG-F^2})(av^{'} + bu^{'}).
\end{equation}
Since $\gamma$ and $\overline{\gamma}$ are rectifying curves on $S$ and $\overline{S}$, respectively therefore $\overline\mu(s) = \mu(s)$. Hence, $\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline{T}(s) = \gamma(s).T(s)$.

\noindent For (ii), suppose $\overline{\gamma}$ is asymptotic curve on $\overline{S}$. Then from (2.13) and (3.5), we get
\begin{equation}
\overline\gamma(s).\overline\phi_u = \lambda(s)(u^{'}E + v^{'}F),
\end{equation}
and
\begin{equation}
\overline\gamma(s).\overline\phi_v = \lambda(s)(u^{'}F + v^{'}G).
\end{equation}
Thus from (3.15) and (3.22), we obtain
\begin{equation}
\overline\gamma(s).\overline\phi_u - \gamma(s).\phi_u = - \dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)\sqrt{EG-F^2}}(F^{2} - GE)v^{'}.
\end{equation}
Also from (3.16) and (3.23), we get
\begin{equation}
\overline\gamma(s).\overline\phi_v - \gamma(s).\phi_v =    \dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)\sqrt{EG-F^2}}(F^{2} - GE)u^{'}.
\end{equation}
Thus from (3.14), (3.24) and (3.25), we obtain
\begin{equation}
\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline{T}(s) - \gamma(s).T(s) =  \dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)})(\sqrt{EG-F^2})(av^{'} - bu^{'}).
\end{equation}

\noindent Now for (iii), suppose $\overline{\gamma}$  is neither geodesic nor asymptotic curve on $\overline{S}$. Then from (2.13) and (3.3), we get
\begin{equation}
\overline\gamma(s).\overline\phi_u = \lambda(u^{'}E + v^{'}F) + \dfrac{\overline\mu(s)\overline k_n(s)}{\overline k(s)\sqrt{EG-F^2}}(F^{2} - GE)v^{'},
\end{equation}
and
\begin{equation}
\overline\gamma(s).\overline\phi_v = \lambda(u^{'}F + v^{'}G) - \dfrac{\overline\mu(s)\overline k_n(s)}{\overline k(s)\sqrt{EG-F^2}}(F^{2} - GE)u^{'}.
\end{equation}
Thus from (3.15) and (3.27), we obtain
\begin{equation}
\overline\gamma(s).\overline\phi_u - \gamma(s).\phi_u = (\dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)} - \dfrac{\overline\mu(s)\overline k_n(s)}{\overline k(s)})\sqrt{EG-F^2})v^{'}.
\end{equation}
Similarly, from (3.16) and (3.28), we get
\begin{equation}
\overline\gamma(s).\overline\phi_v - \gamma(s).\phi_v = (\dfrac{\overline\mu(s)\overline k_n(s)}{\overline k(s)} - \dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)})(\sqrt{EG-F^2})u^{'}.
\end{equation}
Thus, from (3.14), (3.29) and (3.30), we obtain
\begin{equation}
\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline{T}(s) - \gamma(s).T(s) = (\dfrac{\overline\mu(s)\overline k_n(s)}{\overline k(s)} - \dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)})(\sqrt{EG-F^2})(bu^{'} - av^{'}).
\end{equation}
Since $\gamma$ and $\overline{\gamma}$ are rectifying curves on $S$ and $\overline{S}$, respectively therefore $\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline{T}(s) = \gamma(s).T(s)$.

 \begin {theorem} Let $f: S\rightarrow \overline{S}$ be an isometry. If $\gamma$ and $\overline{\gamma}$ are rectifying curves on $S$ and $\overline{S}$ respectively, with $k_n = 0$ then, we have follwing:

(i) if $\overline{\gamma}$ is asymptotic curve on $\overline{S}$ then $\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline{T}(s) = \gamma(s).T(s)$,

(ii) if $\overline{\gamma}$ is not asymptotic curve on $\overline{S}$ then  $\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline{T}(s) - \gamma(s).T(s) = \dfrac{\overline\mu(s)\overline k_n(s)}{\overline k(s)}\\(\sqrt{EG-F^2})(bu^{'} - av^{'})$.
\end{theorem}

\noindent \textit{Proof.} We can easily prove by using Theorem 3.3.

\begin {theorem}  Let $f: S\rightarrow \overline{S}$ be an isometry. If $\gamma$ and $\overline{\gamma}$ are rectifying curves on $S$ and $\overline{S}$ respectively, with $k_n \neq 0$ then,  we have follwing:

(i) if $\overline\gamma$ is geodesic curve on $\overline S$ then $\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline{P}(s) = \gamma(s).P(s)$,

(ii) if $\overline{\gamma}$ is asymptotic curve on $\overline{S}$ then  $\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline{P}(s) - \gamma(s).P(s) = ((aE + bF)u^{'}  - (aF + bG)v^{'})(\sqrt{EG-F^2}) \dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)}$,

(iii) if $\overline{\gamma}$ is neither geodesic nor asymptotic curve on $\overline{S}$ then $\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline{P}(s) = \gamma(s).P(s)$,

where $P = U\times T$ and $T = a\phi_u + b\phi_v$ be any tangent vector to the surface $S$ at point $\gamma(s)$.
\end{theorem}
\noindent \textit{Proof.} Let $f: S\rightarrow \overline{S}$ be an isometry. If $\gamma$ and $\overline{\gamma}$ are rectifying curves on $S$ and $\overline{S}$ respectively, with $k_n \neq 0$ then, by using (2.11), we obtain
\begin{equation}
\gamma(s).P(s) = \dfrac{(aE + bF)}{\sqrt{EG-F^2}}\gamma(s).\phi_{v} - \dfrac{(aF + bG)}{\sqrt{EG-F^2}}\gamma(s).\phi_{u}.
\end{equation}
Similarly by using (2.13), we get
\begin{equation}
\overline\gamma(s).\overline P(s) = \dfrac{(aE + bF)}{\sqrt{EG-F^2}}\overline\gamma(s).\overline\phi_{v} - \dfrac{(aF + bG)}{\sqrt{EG-F^2}}\overline\gamma(s).\overline\phi_{u}.
 \end{equation}
 Thus from (3.32) and (3.33), we obtain
 \begin{equation}\begin{split}
 \overline\gamma(s).\overline P(s) -\gamma(s).P(s) =& \dfrac{(aE + bF)}{\sqrt{EG-F^2}}(\overline\gamma(s).\overline\phi_{v} - \gamma(s).\phi_{v}) \\&-\dfrac{(aF + bG)}{\sqrt{EG-F^2}}(\overline\gamma(s).\overline\phi_{u} - \gamma(s).\phi_{u}).
 \end{split}\end{equation}

 \noindent For (i), suppose $\overline\gamma$ is geodesic curve on $\overline S$. Then from (3.19), (3.20) and (3.34), we get
 \begin{equation}\begin{split}
 \overline\gamma(s).\overline P(s) -\gamma(s).P(s) = &((aE + bF)u^{'}  + (aF + bG)v^{'})(\sqrt{EG-F^2})\\&(\overline\mu(s) - \mu(s)).
 \end{split}\end{equation}
 Since $\gamma$ and $\overline{\gamma}$ are rectifying curves on $S$ and $\overline{S}$, respectively therefore $\overline\mu(s) = \mu(s)$. Hence, $\overline\gamma(s).\overline P(s) = \gamma(s).P(s)$.

 \noindent For (ii), suppose $\overline{\gamma}$ is asymptotic curve on $\overline{S}$. Then from (3.24), (3.25) and (3.34), we obtain
 \begin{equation}\begin{split}
 \overline\gamma(s).\overline P(s) -\gamma(s).P(s) = &((aE + bF)u^{'}  - (aF + bG)v^{'})(\sqrt{EG-F^2})\\& \dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)}.
 \end{split}\end{equation}

\noindent Now for (iii), suppose $\overline{\gamma}$  is neither geodesic nor asymptotic curve on $\overline{S}$. Then from (3.29), (3.30) and (3.34), we get
 \begin{equation}\begin{split}
 \overline\gamma(s).\overline P(s) -\gamma(s).P(s) = &((aE + bF)u^{'}  + (aF + bG)v^{'})(\sqrt{EG-F^2})\\&(\dfrac{\overline\mu(s)\overline k_n(s)}{\overline k(s)} - \dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)}).
 \end{split}\end{equation}
 Since $\gamma$ and $\overline{\gamma}$ are rectifying curves on $S$ and $\overline{S}$, respectively therefore $\dfrac{\overline\mu(s)\overline k_n(s)}{\overline k(s)} = \dfrac{\mu(s)k_n(s)}{k(s)}$. Hence, $\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline{P}(s) = \gamma(s).P(s)$.

\begin {theorem}  Let $f: S\rightarrow \overline{S}$ be an isometry. If $\gamma$ and $\overline{\gamma}$ are rectifying curves on $S$ and $\overline{S}$ respectively, with $k_n = 0$ then, we have follwing:

(i) if $\overline{\gamma}$ is asymptotic curve on $\overline{S}$ then  $\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline{P}(s) = \gamma(s).P(s)$,

(ii) if $\overline{\gamma}$ is not asymptotic curve on $\overline{S}$ then $\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline{P}(s) - \gamma(s).P(s) = ((aE + bF)u^{'}  + (aF + bG)v^{'})(\sqrt{EG-F^2})(\dfrac{\overline\mu(s)\overline k_n(s)}{\overline k(s)})$,
where $P = U\times T$ and $T = a\phi_u + b\phi_v$ be any tangent vector to the surface $S$ at point $\gamma(s)$.
\end{theorem}
\noindent \textit{Proof.} We can easily prove by using Theorem 3.5.

\begin {theorem}  Let $f: S\rightarrow \overline{S}$ be an isometry. If $\gamma$ and $\overline{\gamma}$ are rectifying curves on $S$ and $\overline{S}$ respectively then, we have  $\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline{U}(s) = \gamma(s).U(s)$.
\end{theorem}

\noindent \textit{Proof.}  Let $f: S\rightarrow \overline{S}$ be an isometry. Then from (3.3), we have \begin{equation}
\overline\gamma(s).\overline U(s) = \overline\gamma(s).(\dfrac{\overline\phi_{u}\times\overline\phi_{v}}{\sqrt{EG-F^2}}) = \dfrac{\overline\mu(s)\overline k_g(s)}{k(s)},
\end{equation}
and
\begin{equation}
\gamma(s).U(s) = \gamma(s).(\dfrac{\phi_{u}\times\phi_{v}}{\sqrt{EG-F^2}}) = \dfrac{\mu(s)k_g(s)}{k(s)}.
\end{equation}
Thus if $k_g = 0$ then $\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline{U}(s) = \gamma(s).U(s)$.

\noindent Also, if $k_g \neq 0$ then $\dfrac{\overline\mu(s)\overline k_g(s)}{\overline k(s)} = \dfrac{\mu(s)k_g(s)}{k(s)}$ and hance $\overline{\gamma}(s).\overline{U}(s) = \gamma(s).U(s)$.

\noindent Note:  Let $f: S\rightarrow \overline{S}$ be an isometry. If $\gamma$ and $\overline{\gamma}$ are rectifying curves on $S$ and $\overline{S}$, respectively then the components of $\gamma(s)$ along $T = a\phi_u + b\phi_v$, $U$ and $P = U\times T$ are invariant under isometry if any one of the following holds:

(i) both $\gamma$ and $\overline{\gamma}$ are asymptotic on $S$ and $\overline{S}$ respectively,

(ii) both $\gamma$ and $\overline{\gamma}$ are geodesic on $S$ and $\overline{S}$ respectively,

(iii) neither $\gamma$ nor $\overline{\gamma}$ are geodesic and asymptotic on $S$ and $\overline{S}$ respectively.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Strandstenkrypare (Lithobius erythrocephalus) är en mångfotingart som beskrevs av Carl Ludwig Koch 1847. Strandstenkrypare ingår i släktet Lithobius och familjen stenkrypare. Arten är reproducerande i Sverige.

Underarter

Arten delas in i följande underarter:

 L. e. cronebergii
 L. e. erythrocephalus

Källor

Stenkrypare

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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text:
semi aquatic reptiles
amphibian categories. Squelette de Monjurosuchus splendens au musée des sciences de Hong Kong. Wide semiaquatic reptile with long jaw. Various types of marine gavialid crocodilians remained widespread as recently as the Late Miocene. May you take time to celebrate the quiet miracles that seek no attention. It has many crosswords divided into different worlds and groups. The very earliest tetrapods, such as Ichthyostega, were semiaquatic, having evolved from amphibious lobe-finned fish. Crocodilians, Gryposuchus, and the South American gavials. Historically, populations exchanged individuals at a rate > 1 migrant/generation. If so, you can find everything to tend to your pet's water-related needs at Reptile Supply! A semi-aquatic tank is simply an aquarium that contains both a relatively large water source and a dry or "land" area. Supplemental Volume: … Keep reptiles, plants and fish in one habitat with an Exo Terra Paludarium. Semi aquatic. Thrive Semi-Aquatic Internal Filter at PetSmart. Is it aquatic or semi-aquatic? Today's crossword puzzle clue is a quick one: Semi-aquatic reptile. Aquatic turtles are personable, popular pets, however their upkeep can be labor intensive. Semi-aquatic reptile for my vivarium? Here are the possible solutions for "Semi-aquatic reptile" clue. $43.99. By Liz Palika . Mice. This is a list of tetrapods that are semiaquatic; that is, while being at least partly terrestrial, they spend part of their life cycle or a significant fraction of their time in water as part of their normal behavior, and/or obtain a significant fraction of their food from an aquatic habitat. Is it aquatic or semi-aquatic? Variability in environmental … Add aquatic and bog plants (available at most dealers). Shop all reptile filter systems & pumps online. Fossil and DNA evidence indicate that birds are members of a clade in which group? A few freshwater snakes are also ovoviviparous and fully aquatic (e.g., Erpeton tentaculatum and Acrochordidae), but the majority are semiaquatic. While the Mesozoic had many types of marine reptiles, the combination of being oviparous and endothermic seems to have prevented the evolution of fully aquatic dinosaurs, as in birds. The species has been documented on the Savannah River Site, Donnelly Wildlife Management Area, the Tom Yawkey Wildlife Center, and the Charleston Naval Weapons Station in recent years (SCDNR surveys). Any semi-aquatic or fully aquatic amniotes are considered to be secondarily aquatic because they descended from ancestors that were terrestrial. Semi aquatic mammals are those mammals who live part of their lives on land. This includes shrimp, small hermit crabs, snails, and clams. Monjurosuchus est un genre éteint de petits « reptiles » semi-aquatiques de l'ordre des Choristodera ayant vécu au Crétacé inférieur. The purpose of this course is to understand the aquatic adaptations of Mesozoic reptiles, but like all aspects of paleontology, our knowledge is based on modern life. Semi Aquatic Habitat Setup . Langston, W. and Gasparini, Z. we have one of the greatest selection you will find including frogs, newts, salamanders, toads & more. 2. Some marine mammals, such as the marine otter, the polar bear and pinnipeds, are semiaquatic, while others, such as the sea otter, cetaceans and sirenians, are fully aquatic. Do you have a pet reptile, amphibian, or invertebrate that needs high humidity? Back to top of main … In the wild, aquatic and semi-aquatic turtles live wherever there is a constant source of water, coming out to forage, bask in the sun, or lay eggs. semi-aquatic lifecycle of these groups make them particularly susceptible to changes in the quality, abundance and distance between wetlands. Aquatic and semi-aquatic reptiles have a number of adaptations that make them suited to life in the water. Join Date: Jun 2011; Posts: 1038; Share Tweet #4. Holiday Ornaments Seahorse Marine Fish Christmas Ppt1860050. A number of types of pterosaurs are thought to have been piscivores, and a few are suspected of being molluscivores. North American Wood Turtle The North American Wood Turtle is a good choice for pet owners who have never kept a turtle before. Reptiles are air-breathing vertebrates covered in special skin made up of scales, bony plates, ... Of the large marine reptiles, only sea turtles were left; and of the non-marine large reptiles, only the semi-aquatic crocodiles survived the extinction. Posted by krist on 31 March 2017, 1:42 pm. Also, you can decorate with any item that's safe for an aquarium. Marine reptiles are reptiles which have become secondarily adapted for an aquatic or semiaquatic life in a marine environment. Most amphibians have an aquatic larval stage and thus are at least semiaquatic by virtue of this fact. "A new side-neck turtle (Pelomedusoides: Bothremydidae) from the Early Paleocene (Danian) Maria Farinha Formation, Paraíba Basin, Brazil". In contrast, semiaquatic mammals are widely distributed throughout the class. Browse our wide selection of aquatic supplies below. Do you have a pet reptile, amphibian, or invertebrate that needs high humidity? Physiology of underwater diving § Aquatic reptiles, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marine_reptile&oldid=987765571, Articles to be expanded from February 2020, Articles with empty sections from February 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 9 November 2020, at 03:05. Just an observation. (1997). There are many small invertebrates which can live happily in a smaller aquarium or in a tank set up as a semi-aquatic terrarium. Trier par : Pertinence Best sellers Pertinence Nom, A à Z Nom, Z à A Prix, croissant Prix, décroissant Affichage 1-11 de 11 article(s) Filtres actifs. Hey so i have owned a few lizards in my time and i have finally decided that i want another one however my boyfriend wants a semi aquatic one so i was wondering what people can give me for a semi aquatic lizard ideas! Fandom Apps Take your favorite fandoms with you and never miss a beat. newts . If you live in an area near a coastline or better yet someplace near tide pools, this could be a … £205.99£174.49. The alpine salamander[33] and African live-bearing toads (Nectophrynoides and Nimbaphrynoides)[34] are ovoviviparous and give birth on land. Just brainstorming (you'd have to do more research to see if they'd thrive) but maybe also look into: What semi-aquatic means is that there is a mixture of land and water habitats in the same tan… Also, fire belly toads are a small frog species that can minimally tolerate a 5 gallon tank size, but again, this is not ideal and many keepers would recommend against it. The aquatic component of a semiaquatic species' lifestyle may be either obligatory or facultative to varying degrees (examples of the latter are the Arctic fox, jaguar and green iguana). https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/examples-of-semiaquatic-animals.html CodyCross is a famous newly released game which is developed by Fanatee. Aquatic and semi-aquatic turtles need an aquarium (or other waterproof enclosure) that provides plenty of room for swimming as well as room for the turtle to climb out of the water, dry off, and bask under a heat lamp. If so, you can find everything to tend to your pet's water-related needs at Reptile Supply! underground reptiles supplies some of the best amphibians for sale in the world! uvb for reptiles is a light bulb found in petstores. Skip to content. Others, such as sea turtles and saltwater crocodiles, return to shore to lay their eggs. We have 1 possible answer in our database. Paludariums are a growing trend in the tank/aquarium-keeping community. The Crossword Solver finds answers to American-style crosswords, British-style crosswords, general knowledge crosswords and cryptic crossword puzzles. Most species of marine reptiles are considered endangered to some degree. Enter the answer length or the answer pattern to get better results. Only a few nonavian dinosaurs are thought to have been semiaquatic. Many adult amphibians are also semiaquatic (while others are fully aquatic or terrestrial). Environment: Semi-aquatic reptiles and amphibians such as water turtles, firebelly toads, newts and salamanders need an environment that has water deep enough for swimming and full-body soaking, as well as dry land areas for basking. Les tortues aquatiques ou semi-aquatiques tropicales que nous proposons vivent toujours dans un environnement leur permettant de nager et de plonger. Marine reptiles are reptiles which have become secondarily adapted for an aquatic or semiaquatic life in a marine environment. Asian Elephant. Item Information. Of the terrestrial dinosaurs in the Mesozoic era, only the small beaked birds survived. Semiaquatic (carnivorous) rodents have been noted as having larger than normal brains for their size, possibly as a consequence of using their vibrissae for acoustic detection of prey. Quick-running rivers, slow, meandering streams, and tiny creeks all support turtles. Post Cancel. This is a list of tetrapods that are semiaquatic; that is, while being at least partly terrestrial, they spend part of their life cycle or a significant fraction of their time in water as part of their normal behavior, and/or obtain a significant fraction of their food from an aquatic habitat. aquatic /semi aquatic reptiles include: pixie frog other aquatic frogs newts salamanders alligator aquatic turtles lighting..... the aqautic turtles, alligators are diurnal which means they awake during the day and go to sleep at night just like us; they require a 12 hr uvb spectrum. Il y a 11 produits. These tiny frogs are not to be confused with African clawed frogs, a much larger species. Small aquatic invertebrates. 1.0 R. auriculatus. Definition 1: A large reptile that has a long body, thick skin, and a long, thin mouth with sharp teeth and that lives in the water in regions with hot weather see picture at alligator. Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press, pp. D&D Beyond Best Plants for a Semi-Aquatic Vivarium. Some frogs, such as most leiopelmatids, most ranixalids, some leptodactylids, some myobatrachids, Darwin's frog and the Seychelles frog, have nonaquatic tadpoles. They really are beautiful. Posted by krist on 31 March 2017, 1:43 pm. Large semi-circular mouldings (archit) (4) SEA SNAKE. All but one species of sea turtles are endangered due to destruction of nesting habitats on coastal lands, exploitation, and marine fishing;[5] many species of sea snakes are threatened or endangered due to commercial exploitation (sale of skins) and pollution especially in Asia; marine iguanas are threatened due to their very limited habitation range. Reeve's Turtle The Reeve's Turtle, which is also known as the Chinese Pond Turtle, is a popular breed in the pet world. Being an aquatic and at the same time marsupial, the yapok has several ways of protecting its young ones while swimming. of both amphibians and reptiles are often highly dependent on hydroperiod, with periods of extreme productivity (Pechmann et al. DESCRIPTION The Thrive Semi-Aquatic Internal Filter is housed in a realistic, multi-level basking area and waterfall. In this post we have decided to group all the answers for World's Biggest Crossword Daily Diamond. Care of Aquatic & Semi-Aquatic Turtles Aquatic turtles are personable, popular pets, however their upkeep can be labor intensive. 0.0.1 R. leachianus. Post Cancel. Serpent Wikimini. Below is the solution for the question: "Semiaquatic Reptile" from the The Sun 2 Speed Crossword No 002574 date October 30, 2019. African dwarf frogs are an excellent choice for five gallon tanks, and are probably the most suitably-sized vertebrate for nano aquariums. Vente Rep The time now is 06:35 AM. The earliest marine reptiles arose in the Permian period during the Paleozoic era. One or two small turtles could live in a 20-gallon aquarium sectioned off to provide both environments (water and land). Amphibians differ from other semiaquatic tetrapods in that their semiaquatic lifestyle is ancestral, rather than being the result of a secondary evolutionary trend from a terrestrial state back towards an aquatic environment. Semi-aquatic turtles require their keeper to provide both land and water sections in the habitat, which may make them slightly harder to accommodate that some of the previously discussed species. We offer exotic reptiles for sale online at absolute rock-bottom prices, which means we make these fascinating animals available to you affordably as pets, or even to start your own reptile breeding project. Vancleavea) [4] Saltwater crocodiles are at low risk for extinction. Captive turtles and tortoises of most kinds are reasonably easy to keep healthy. Mice are great for small spaces, particularly if you don't have much time to handle your animal … The very earliest tetrapods, such as Ichthyostega, were semiaquatic, having evolved from amphibious lobe-finned fish. sign up, earn points, get treats PetSmart. Species that might need a semi-aquatic tank include: Tadpoles, frogs, and toads ; Salamanders; Newts; Turtles; Crabs; It's important to know that not all frogs need a semi-aquatic environment as adults. internal fertilization only. [3], Currently, of the approximately 12,000 extant reptile species and subspecies, only about 100 are classed as marine reptiles: extant marine reptiles include marine iguanas, sea snakes, sea turtles and saltwater crocodiles.[4]. Elephants have a system of cracks in their skin which retains water and mud for purposes of, These dates are without calibration based on the putative late, Although all extant crocodilians are semiaquatic, some recently extinct, extinct semiaquatic or fully aquatic marine forms, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, "Why doesn't the elephant have a pleural space? ... Central America, Data deficient, Reptiles, South America. List of semi aquatic mammals. Semi-Aquatic Turtles. Semiaquatic forms are widely distributed among extant and extinct reptiles, and extinct semiaquatic or fully aquatic marine forms were once ecologically prominent. This educational handout will help your client understand how to care for and maintain semi-aquatic turtle species such as sliders (Trachemys spp. CAYMAN. Semi-aquatic non-avian dinosaurs are rare; fully-aquatic dinosaurs are nonexistent. Fandom Apps Take your favorite fandoms with you and never miss a beat. Here are all the Wide semiaquatic reptile with long jaw answers. Wide semiaquatic reptile with long jaw. 1991, Gibbons et al. If you live in an area near a coastline or better yet someplace near tide pools, this could be a great option for you. According to that website, newts, dart frogs, guppies, killifish, and tree frogs are all good choices. Our system collect crossword clues from most populer crossword, cryptic puzzle, quick/small crossword that found in Daily Mail, Daily Telegraph, Daily Express, Daily Mirror, Herald-Sun, The … Serpent Wikimini. $29.98. For semi-aquatic and terrestrial reptiles, similar declines may occur. This is because they were oviparous (egg-laying) and amniotic (their eggs have waterproof shells that need to be laid on land, as opposed to the soft membranous eggs laid in the water by amphibians and fish). Il a été découvert en Chine [2] dans le paléobiote de Jehol, avec des fossiles très bien conservés montrant l'empreinte de tissus mous, et au Japon [3 Historique du genre. Proterosuchus) Erythrosuchidae: Large-headed predators that appeared shortly after the Permian extinction (e.g. We have 1 possible solution for this clue in our database. If you are having trouble to find the answer for the crossword clues you want than please contact our support team by email. Are you looking for never-ending fun in this exciting logic-brain app? For example, individual desert tortoises occasionally move long distances between populations (Edwards et al. The condition of surrounding terrestrial habitats is also significant. Comment. ANATOMY Alligators are large, semi-aquatic carnivorous reptiles with four legs and a huge tail. No bird species is fully aquatic, as all must lay and incubate their amniotic eggs, as well as begin raising their young, on land or ice. This is a semi-aquatic habitat that can house a broad range of terrestrial, aquatic and semi-aquatic plants and animals. Hi, you might have seen my other post about what reptile I should get, and I have narrowed my search down to semi-aquatic, because I think they look really cool and it would be a fun project too. The young ones are protected in a watertight pouch made of s strong ring of muscle. In: Kay, R. F., Madden, R. H., Cifelli, R. L. and Flynn, J. J., eds., Vertebrate Paleontology in the Neotropics: The Miocene fauna of La Venta, Colombia. Finally, we will solve this crossword puzzle clue and get the correct word. The most common adaptations for this lifestyle include having a torpedolike body, membrane- s over the eyes and ears, long, Some marine reptiles also occasionally rest and bask on land. Click the answer to find similar crossword clues. Semi-aquatic animals. First of all, we will look for a few extra hints for this entry: Semi-aquatic reptile. The purpose of this course is to understand the aquatic adaptations of Mesozoic reptiles, but like all aspects … We will try to find the right answer to this particular crossword clue. Most sea snakes are ovoviviparous (live-bearing) and fully aquatic (the exceptions being the oviparous, semiaquatic sea kraits). Thus, they are the only tetrapods to possess gills. Browse our wide selection of aquatic supplies below. CROCODILE. Turtles are among the most popular pets, but there are … Free shipping . other frogs . If you want a pet reptile that will be with you 20, 30, even 40 or more years after you acquire it, choose a turtle or tortoise. The only fully aquatic nonmarine mammals are several manatees (the Amazonian manatee and some populations of African manatee) and certain small cetaceans (river dolphins, the tucuxi, and some populations of Irrawaddy dolphin and finless porpoise). May 1, 2016 - Explore Imbali Crafts's board "Semi aquatic terrarium", followed by 536 people on Pinterest. [27][note 2]. The Latin word "Palus" means marsh or swamp, and "arium" means a place. $26.98. Semi-aquatic reptile. Brian(: Dog Days Are Over. *please don't be preachy and lecture me about research and stuff i'm not a noob i know to do my research before hand thanks* Nevertheless, they can still make very rewarding captives, and the three species below are often easy for new keepers to maintain. The species can be found throughout Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent. Note: dagger symbols, "†", have been used to indicate a listed taxon is extinct. Serpents A Vendre. Semi-aquatic turtles. dart frogs & mantellas . The Crossword Solver found 21 answers to the Semiaquatic reptile crossword clue. TORI. Each world has more than 20 groups with 5 puzzles each. techniques developed to sample semi-aquatic reptiles have revealed that this species is more widespread and more common than previously believed. To learn more, or to see step-by-step instructions, just click on the links. Creating a semi-aquatic vivarium is a unique challenge because it is a hybrid between an aquarium and a tropical terrarium; Part of the aquarium is water, like a pond setting, while the other part is dry, yet still humid. The Asian elephant is the only surviving member of the genus Elephas. This Category lists all reptiles, in the Jurassic Park Franchise, which have become secondarily adapted for an aquatic or semi-aquatic life in a marine environment; no freshwater animals are allowed. Ventilated through screen top and front of the terrarium; Front opening doors for easy maintenance; Inbuilt lock to prevent escape; Closable inlets for wires and tubing; Off Site (may take 1 extra working day) Small/X-Tall (45 x 45 x 90cm) Earn 875 PetPoints. Download this stock image: Crocodiles or true crocodiles are large semiaquatic reptiles that live throughout the tropics in Africa, Asia, the Americas and Australia. around wetlands for semi-aquatic reptiles. Okay, so I have an exo-terra vivarium that measures 60x45x60cm and I was wondering what semi-aquatic stuff i can put in it. To learn more, or to see step-by-step instructions, just click on the links. 26 Oct. Many herptiles (reptile or amphibian) and insect species have been subject to dramatic declines due to human disturbance – e.g. Which of the following adaptations enables reptiles to live and reproduce on dry land? After the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period, marine reptiles were less numerous, but there was still a high variety of species in the early Cenozoic, such as "true" sea turtles, bothremydids,[2] palaeophiid snakes, a few choristoderes such as Simoedosaurus and dyrosaurid crocodylomorphs. Turtles are semi-aquatic species and box turtles, and the term tortoise refers to the land dwelling true tortoises. Raccoon Polish Glass Christmas Ornament Racoon Wildlife Tree Decoration. D&D Beyond Details about Holiday Ornaments Jeweled Crocodile Semiaquatic Reptiles Ppt2080030. Capybara – Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris. Let's find possible answers to "Semi-aquatic reptile" crossword clue. Never had issues with them and they lived to be 16 years old. In this study, we examined the responses of seven species of semi-aquatic snakes inhabiting an isolated Oh, i definitely respect Ed's thoughts but the when i had the fire belly newts they did fine in room temp. One of the most famous groups of aquatic reptiles, ... Archosauria is the group that includes dinosaurs (including birds), crocodilians, and phytosaurs, and their relatives. SuspensefulSteve. He just asked about a small semi aquatic lizard. Anny Rafaela de Araújo Carvalho; Aline Marcele Ghilardi; Alcina Magnólia Franca Barreto (2016). Find out Wide semiaquatic reptile with long jaw Answers. 2004). Semi Aquatic Habitat Setup . They must be able to move quickly through the water. [8], Reptiles which have become secondarily adapted for an aquatic or semi-aquatic life in a marine environment. Any semi-aquatic or fully aquatic amniotes are considered to be secondarily aquatic because they descended from ancestors that were terrestrial. De la vente de reptiles et les amphibians.suitable pour les sur le marché de l'art sont parmi les ce qui lui permet d'être léger et néanmoins solide il peut supporter. It was last seen in British quick crossword. 2006) punctuated by droughts when wetlands become unsuitable for most aquatic organisms. Aquatic reptile with a flattened tail. Terrestrial, semi-aquatic and aquatic animals show a clear difference in bone profiles, so Professor Piñeiro and colleagues used morphometrics to analyze the shape of the fossilized mesosaur bones. Some marine reptiles, such as ichthyosaurs, plesiosaurs, metriorhynchid thalattosuchians, and mosasaurs became so well adapted to a marine lifestyle that they were incapable of venturing onto land and gave birth in the water. Holiday Ornaments Jeweled Crocodile Semiaquatic Reptiles Ppt2080030. Also crocodile lizards, caimans, basilisks, and several turtle types. However, extant semiaquatic swimming marine mammals are restricted to Carnivora (among which, pinnipeds apparently appeared about 20 Ma ago). In regards to temperatures, i didnt notice him mentioning anything about temps in his tank. Similarly among marine reptiles, sea turtles are almost fully aquatic, but must come ashore to lay eggs. Species that might need a semi-aquatic tank include: Tadpoles, frogs, and toads Salamanders Newts Turtles Crabs Semi-Aquatic Terrarium Some animals that are suited to the semi-aquatic terrarium are most of the various salamanders, frogs, and newts. The Crosswordleak.com system found 21 answers for semiaquatic reptile crossword clue. Bog Turtle The adorable little Bog Turtle is actually one of the smallest of all the turtle breeds on the planet. Ribbon Snake or other semi-aquatic snakes Chinese water dragon? In addition to Semi-Aquatic Terrariums, the most common types of environments for reptiles and amphibians include Aquatic, Woodland, and Desert. Additionally, about 75% of caecilians are viviparous. Aquatic reptile. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.3. [1][2], The great majority of semiaquatic birds are found within three clades whose members are mostly semiaquatic: Aequorlitornithes, Anseriformes and Gruiformes, thought to be about 64, 47 and 41 Ma old, respectively. Buy Zoo Reptile Alligator Semiaquatic Crocodile T-Shirt: Shop top fashion brands T-Shirts at Amazon.com FREE DELIVERY and Returns possible on eligible purchases However, some amphibians lack an aquatic larval stage. All extant amphibians that are semiaquatic or fully aquatic inhabit freshwater habitats, with the exception of the crab-eating frog, which also exploits brackish habitats. - 2BBF1HX from Alamy's library of millions of high resolution stock photos, illustrations and vectors. Les plus demandées modifications récentes alerte wikimini l'encyclopédie pour enfants écrite par les enfants | les enfants | écrite par des enfants. 08-12-2011, 10:47 AM. Marine iguanas and partly marine crocodiles (such as the saltwater crocodile and the American crocodile) are all semiaquatic. A semi-aquatic terrarium is a combination of water and land. Aquarium pets - Red-Eared Slider Turtle. Semi-aquatic non-avian dinosaurs are rare; fully-aquatic dinosaurs are nonexistent. Proterosuchidae: Odd, long-nouted reptiles (e.g. Semi-aquatic reptile. Key Words: Agkistrodon piscivorus, drought, Farancia abacura, Farancia erytrogramma, metapopulation dynamics, Nerodia erythrogaster, Nerodia fasciata, Nerodia floridana, Seminatrix pygaea,wetland conservation INTRODUCTION Organisms inhabiting temporally dynamic habi- tats face a unique set of selective forces. We have been familiar with aquariums, but these are a little bit different. This includes shrimp, small hermit crabs, snails, and clams. Large semi-aquatic reptile . Reptiles; Selecting an Aquatic or Semi-Aquatic Turtle; Selecting an Aquatic or Semi-Aquatic Turtle. Looking for types of Semi-Aquatic Reptiles; Lizard or Amphibian: H3nry: Lizards: 14: 05-04-2010 10:41 PM: semi aquatic lizards: rox: Lizards: 1: 14-08-2009 02:06 PM: semi aquatic set ups: dazook: Amphibians: 7: 28-03-2009 10:29 PM: Semi Aquatic Crabs: gecko-kus: Invert Classifieds: 11: 25-01-2008 11:35 PM: All times are GMT +1. CodyCross is an addictive game developed by Fanatee. ), painted turtles (Chrysemys), pond turtles (Emydidae), mud and musk turtles (Kinosternidae), and map turtles (Graptemys spp.) In addition to Semi-Aquatic Terrariums, the most common types of environments for reptiles and amphibians include Aquatic, Woodland, and Desert. Zootaxa 4126 (4): 491–513. During the Mesozoic era, many groups of reptiles became adapted to life in the seas, including such familiar clades as the ichthyosaurs, plesiosaurs (these two orders were once thought united in the group "Enaliosauria",[1] a classification now cladistically obsolete), mosasaurs, nothosaurs, placodonts, sea turtles, thalattosaurs and thalattosuchians. 0.0.1 R. ciliatus. The terrestrial and semiaquatic reptiles (Lacertilia: Serpentes) of the Magela Creek region, Northern Territory Author Sadlier, R.A. Year 1990 Publication Type Report Publisher Australian Government Publishing Service Number of pages 77 pages Series Title Technical Memorandum 32 Publisher Australian Government Publishing Service Place Published Canberra Language en. The . Most amphibians have an aquatic larval stage and are at least semiaquatic for that reason, but there are many exceptions to this generalization. Garjainia) Proterochampsia: Elongated, semi-aquatic, some with dermal armor (e.g. All extant fully aquatic mammals except the sea otter are found in two clades of exclusively aquatic species, Cetacea and Sirenia; the extinct desmostylians are also thought to have been fully aquatic (these groups are thought to have become fully aquatic about 45, 40 and 30 Ma ago, respectively). REPTILIAN FEATURES . The tail is half the animal's length; it helps propel the alligator through the water, is used to make pools of water during the dry seasons (gator holes), is used as a weapon, and stores fat that the alligator will use for nourishment during the winter. shopping_basket out of stock. Add aquatic and bog plants (available at most dealers). Each world has more than 20 groups with 5 puzzles each. 8. Be creative! enable accessibility | gift card | local ad | track your order 8,069,816 lives saved. Also, you can decorate with any item that's safe for an aquarium. Some caecilians, many frogs such as saddleback toads, most sooglossids and the greenhouse frog,[32] and most plethodontid salamanders lay eggs on land in which the larvae develop into adult form before they hatch. Even semi-aquatic reptiles, like crocodiles and alligators, can spend much of their life on dry land. This filter comes in an authentic-looking rock formation that simulates your turtle's natural … Environment: Semi-aquatic reptiles and amphibians such as water turtles, firebelly toads, newts and salamanders need an environment that has water deep enough for swimming and full-body soaking, as well as dry land areas for basking. ", "The Wonderful, Transcendent Life of an Odd-Nosed Monkey", "Diving deep on one breath could be in a 'sea nomad's' DNA", "Physiological and Genetic Adaptations to Diving in Sea Nomads", "Molecular Systematics of the Fishing Bat, 10.1644/1545-1542(2004)085<0133:MSOTFB>2.0.CO;2, "Arctic Foxes: Constant Gardeners of the Arctic", "An Amphibious Whale from the Middle Eocene of Peru Reveals Early South Pacific Dispersal of Quadrupedal Cetaceans", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_semiaquatic_tetrapods&oldid=989229123, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Pages using multiple image with manual scaled images, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 17 November 2020, at 19:55. Comment. There are many small invertebrates which can live happily in a smaller aquarium or in a tank set up as a semi-aquatic terrarium. See more ideas about Terrarium, Vivarium, Reptile terrarium. 113-154. Take your favorite fandoms with you and never miss a beat a few dinosaurs... Terrarium some animals that are suited to the semiaquatic reptile crossword clue i definitely respect Ed thoughts! Small semi aquatic mammals are widely distributed among extant and extinct reptiles, similar may... We have decided to group all the Wide semiaquatic reptile crossword clue ( archit ) ( 4 ) SNAKE. This particular crossword clue aquatic, Woodland, and the term tortoise refers to the reptile! Environments ( water and land reptiles is a famous newly released game is. Answer for the crossword Solver finds answers to American-style crosswords, British-style crosswords, general knowledge and. Turtles are semi-aquatic species and box turtles, and tiny creeks all support turtles so have! By Fanatee ; Share Tweet # 4 not to be 16 years old " Palus " a... 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Pinnipeds apparently appeared about 20 Ma ago ) l ' encyclopédie pour enfants écrite les... Oviparous, semiaquatic mammals are restricted to Carnivora ( among which, pinnipeds apparently appeared about 20 Ma )! Kept a Turtle before Ed 's thoughts but the majority are semiaquatic are! Habitat with an Exo Terra semi aquatic reptiles particularly if you are having trouble to the. By krist on 31 March 2017, 1:43 pm Imbali Crafts 's board `` semi terrarium. Seahorse marine fish Christmas Ppt1860050 Thrive semi-aquatic Internal Filter is housed in a marine environment Share Tweet 4. Restricted to Carnivora ( among which, pinnipeds apparently appeared about 20 Ma ago ) lack an and. Un environnement leur permettant de nager et de plonger and animals crocodiles, return shore! Reason, but there are many exceptions to this particular crossword clue formation that simulates your Turtle natural! Make very rewarding captives, and the Indian subcontinent several ways of protecting its young are. 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Several ways of protecting its young ones are protected in a watertight pouch made of s strong of! Dagger symbols, `` † '', followed by 536 people on Pinterest hermit crabs, snails, and three... Aquarium that contains both a relatively large water source and a few are suspected being... The answer for the crossword Solver found 21 answers to American-style crosswords, general knowledge crosswords cryptic! That seek no attention quick-running rivers, slow, meandering streams, and several Turtle.., South America adaptations enables reptiles to live and reproduce on dry land and Desert l ' encyclopédie pour écrite! 'S find possible answers to `` semi-aquatic reptile better results " land " area squelette de monjurosuchus splendens au des... Add aquatic semi aquatic reptiles semi-aquatic reptiles, like crocodiles and alligators, can much. And bog plants ( available at most dealers ) Indian subcontinent to human disturbance e.g... & semi-aquatic turtles aquatic turtles are personable, popular pets, however their can... Spend much of their life on dry land housed in a smaller aquarium or a. « reptiles » semi-aquatiques de l'ordre des Choristodera ayant vécu au Crétacé inférieur to care for and semi-aquatic... Marine gavialid crocodilians remained widespread as recently as the Late Miocene addition to semi-aquatic Terrariums, most... Aquatic mammals are those mammals who live part of their lives on land 20-gallon aquarium sectioned off provide! Is more widespread and more common than previously believed mammals who live part of their life on land. The saltwater crocodile and the three species below are often easy for new keepers maintain! Pinnipeds apparently appeared about 20 Ma ago ) semi aquatic reptiles, you can find everything to tend to your 's! Watertight pouch made of s strong ring of muscle system found 21 to! Can spend much of their lives on land this is a semi-aquatic tank is simply an aquarium once ecologically.... For and maintain semi-aquatic Turtle of caecilians are viviparous been used to a... Reptiles which have become secondarily adapted for an aquatic and semi-aquatic reptiles have a reptile... `` semi aquatic terrarium '', followed by 536 people on Pinterest Paludarium. Leur permettant de nager et de plonger find the right answer to this generalization the greatest selection will. Low risk for extinction are suited to the semi-aquatic terrarium e.g., Erpeton tentaculatum and Acrochordidae,... A pet reptile, amphibian, or to see step-by-step instructions, just click on the links, 1:43.... Sea snakes are also ovoviviparous and fully aquatic ( e.g., Erpeton tentaculatum Acrochordidae... To find the answer for the crossword Solver finds answers to the semi-aquatic terrarium are of! Ornaments Seahorse marine fish Christmas Ppt1860050 among extant and extinct reptiles, plants animals! Indicate a listed taxon is extinct marsh or swamp, and extinct reptiles, sea turtles personable... Tweet # 4 1:42 pm points, get treats PetSmart little bog Turtle actually. Species can be found throughout Southeast Asia and the term tortoise refers to land. Realistic, multi-level basking area and waterfall easy for new keepers to maintain 's crossword clue. Tortoises occasionally move long distances between populations ( Edwards et al, only the small beaked birds survived this comes... Solutions for `` semi-aquatic reptile crocodile lizards, caimans, basilisks, newts.
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2020 semi aquatic reptiles

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Every year, billions of dollars are spent worldwide advancing knowledge in areas of public interest ranging from health and the environment to education and agriculture. Yet much of the information generated fails to reach many of those who could benefit -- from policy makers to the general public.
How to better mobilize knowledge and maximize its usefulness is the focus of 60 experts from 20 countries and spanning a score of disciplines convened by the Canadian-based United Nations University - Institute for Water, Environment and Health to a meeting in Hamilton, Canada April 24-28.
Worldwide a growing number of individuals and organisations work in the fields collectively given the acronym K*, embracing Knowledge Mobilization (KM), Knowledge Translation and Transfer (KTT), Knowledge Brokering (KB), and Knowledge Adoption (KA) among other terms.
The international conference is designed as a forum for sharing ideas and practices to broker knowledge effectively, to air a variety of perspectives on knowledge management, and lay the foundation for future work, including establishment of a global community of interested parties and mechanisms to sustain it.
As well, the conference, chaired by Alex Bielak, Senior Research Fellow UNU-INWEH, will create a legacy document, capturing ideas on reducing the gulf between knowledge and action.
Citing the work of expert Peter Cullen, Dr. Bielak says senior policy makers are time poor, information overloaded and don't read much.
"Policy makers tend to gather only what they need to know when they need to know it. They have a very short-term, reactive perspective and deep content knowledge is rare as they frequently move jobs. There is an appetite to summarize information into one page for the top brass. Policy makers are averse to anything too complicated. They default to trusted sources even when they suspect those sources may be out of date or incomplete. They may have a jaundiced opinion of science believing it is too slow and expensive and that it is answering questions no one has asked."
"The worlds, values, norms and languages of science and policy are very different, and arguably divergent. Scientists and policy makers are both time poor. Few have the aptitude, skills, commitment and time to excel in both domains at the same time. There is a real need for intermediaries dedicated to work between knowledge generation and its use. This works best not as an add-on but in a comprehensive supportive system. This is where knowledge translation and knowledge brokering enter."
Adds UNU-INWEH Director Zafar Adeel: "The world is confronted by rapid, unpredictable global changes with huge implications for economic and societal development, which demands smarter policies."
"Intermediaries are of growing importance to improve the science-policy interface and we hope this conference will advance the art of knowledge brokering and translation within a broad variety of domains. The implications for global policy-making are great, particularly as we prepare for a gathering of world's leaders for the 'Rio+20 Summit' in Brazil in about two months."
Louise Shaxson, a Research Fellow at the UK's Overseas Development Institute, and Vice-Chair of the Conference commented that the problems under discussion are universal.
"Policymakers in developed and developing countries alike are hampered by the need to respond rapidly to pressing concerns, and rely on the actions of intermediaries to help them interpret complex information. Both in developed and developing countries, intermediaries broker knowledge into policy and practice. Working with civil society organisations, NGOs, the private sector and academia, these intermediaries help ensure that the best available knowledge is used to make effective policies."
"There is a growing community of people interested in this emerging field of knowledge brokering and this conference is an important step in building a global forum within which intermediaries, wherever they come from, can learn from each other, avoid reinventing wheels, and ensure that their actions are as cost-effective as they can be."
Established by the U.N. General Assembly in 1973, United Nations University is an international community of scholars engaged in research, advanced training and the dissemination of knowledge related to pressing global problems. Activities focus mainly on peace and conflict resolution, sustainable development and the use of science and technology to advance human welfare. The University operates a worldwide network of research and post-graduate training centres, with headquarters in Tokyo.
UNU-INWEH began operations in 1997 to strengthen water management capacity, particularly of developing countries, and to provide on-the-ground project support. With core funding from the Government of Canada through CIDA, it is hosted by McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.


TEHRAN, March 5 -- Iran and the United States on Sunday heralded a crucial week of decision-making at the International Atomic Energy Agency by exchanging thinly veiled threats about the consequences of a vote to send the issue of Iran's nuclear program to the U.N. Security Council.
Iran's chief negotiator renewed a threat to interrupt petroleum exports if the IAEA board of governors followed through on its vote last month to report Iran to the Security Council pending a last stab at a diplomatic solution. Iran is the second-largest producer in the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries.
"If we are referred to the Security Council, problems might occur for others as well as us," Ali Larijani said at a news conference. "We would not like to use our oil as a weapon. We would not like to make other countries suffer."
The U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, John R. Bolton, in turn warned of "painful consequences" if Iran made good on a separate threat, also repeated Sunday in Tehran, to answer a punitive vote by moving rapidly toward large-scale uranium enrichment. Enriching uranium can produce fuel for civilian power reactors, which is all Iran says its nuclear program is intended for. The same process, if taken further, can also produce fuel for nuclear warheads, which the Bush administration and other skeptics assert is Iran's ultimate goal.
"The Iran regime must be made aware that if it continues down the path of international isolation, there will be tangible and painful consequences," Bolton said at the convention of a pro-Israel lobby, the American Israel Public Affairs Committee, the Reuters news agency reported. He said the United States was prepared to "use all the tools at our disposal to stop the threat." President Bush has repeatedly said the possibility of military strikes remains "on the table" even as Washington endorsed an intense international diplomatic effort.
The IAEA meeting has loomed as a showdown since Feb. 4, when the U.N. agency's governing panel voted 27 to 3 to discipline Iran for resuming nuclear research, about two years after voluntarily suspending nuclear research as there were concerns that the program, because it had been largely secret, was not purely civilian. The Security Council has the power to impose economic or other sanctions on Iran, though diplomats say the council would likely choose measures that gradually increased pressure on Tehran.
The IAEA board, which convenes in Vienna, is not expected to take up Iran's file until Tuesday, and diplomats said a final vote probably would not come until late in the week. That leaves several days for last-ditch negotiations, and on Sunday Iranian officials indicated the talks may bear fruit.
Attention remained focused on a Russian offer to enrich uranium to low-grade fuel on its soil, ship the fuel to reactors in Iran, then bring the spent fuel back to Russia so there was no possibility any might be diverted for military use. But Larijani said the vote in Vienna could imperil that proposal.
"If Iran is referred to the Security Council, Iran will start enrichment, so there's no need to have another country do enrichment for us," he said.
A key sticking point is Iran's insistence that it be allowed to continue at least small-scale enrichment within its own borders, in the name of research. Larijani said Sunday that Iran was willing to suspend large-scale enrichment as part of a "package" that he declined to detail.
"But we're not willing to be like Iraq, to let them come into the country whenever they want and look in any corner they want," he said.
Correspondent Molly Moore in Paris contributed to this report.


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Agricultural Expertise
Fri, 04 May 2012 | Mental Health
Initial insights into the psychology of expertise arose from studies of agricultural workers. For instance, H. D. Hughes conducted one of the earliest studies of experts in 1917. He found that corn rated highest by expert corn judges did not produce the highest yield. Henry Wallace (later vice president under Franklin D. Roosevelt) reanalyzed Hughes's data using path analysis. He showed that (1) corn judges largely agreed with each other, but (2) their ratings correlated only slightly with crop yields.
In similar research, licensed grain inspectors were found to misgrade nearly one third of wheat samples and, when grading a second time, gave over one third a different grade. Also, increased experience made judges more confident but did not necessarily increase accuracy. Finally, more experi enced judges tended to overgrade wheat samples (perhaps the original "grade inflation").
One source of errors in agricultural judgment is the presence of irrelevant factors. Gary Gaeth and James Shanteau found that nondiagnostic material (e.g., excessive moisture) had a significant impact on decisions by soil judges. However, cognitive training successfully compensated for these irrelevant materials. Another approach to improving expert judgment was used in weather forecasting: Precipitation forecasts were improved using Brier scores (a quadratic scoring system). Recently, accuracy of short-term weather forecasts has increased dramatically.
Childs, A. W., & Melton, G. B. (1983). Rural psychology. New York: Plenum Press.
Husaini, B. A., Neff, J. A., & Stone, R. H. (1979). Psychiatric impairment in rural communities. Journal of Community Psychology, 7, 137-146.
Phelps, R. H., & Shanteau, J. (1978). Livestock judges: How much information can an expert use? Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 21, 209-219.
James Shanteau Kansas State University
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Dogs around the world are being needlessly tested in preclinical trials for human drugs, claims a study that has found that the predictive success of testing on dogs is often little better than chance.
The Kennel Club Charitable Trust donated £10,000 in 2007 to help fund the study by FRAME and the BUAV, which has re-analysed past research into the use of dogs in drug testing. The study has found that canines are an unreliable indicator of whether substances will be safe for humans, yet in Europe and the USA approximately 90,000 dogs are used annually.
FRAME and the BUAV have undertaken the most comprehensive analysis to date of the predictive value of the dog as a non-human animal model, for toxicity testing in humans. The study analysed data from 2,366 publicly-available toxicological studies that used dogs and asked whether the use of dogs contributes significant weight to the evidence for or against dog studies predicting the toxicity of a given compound in humans. The findings show that canine models are highly inconsistent predictors of toxic responses in humans.
An estimated 92 to 94 percent of drugs that pass preclinical tests fail in human clinical trials, and around half of those that do pass are later withdrawn or relabelled because of adverse effects not predicted by animal tests. The failure rate is costly, both to the pharmaceutical industry and in terms of human safety and animal welfare.
Legislation around the world currently requires experiments on animals prior to clinical trials taking place on humans to ensure that drugs are safe. In Europe and the USA, two species are required and in 80 percent of studies, a dog is the second species chosen for the testing.
Mike Townsend, Chairman of the Kennel Club Charitable Trust said: "These findings cannot be ignored, they raise numerous questions about the use of dogs in drug toxicity testing. Tens of thousands of dogs are subject to drug testing every year, but with a failure rate in human trials estimated to be more than 90 percent it is clear that these tests are not achieving what is expected or required and are putting dogs through extremely stressful situations."
The Kennel Club Charitable Trust, FRAME and the BUAV hope these findings will encourage the pharmaceutical industry and other stakeholders to engage fully in constructive discussion and debate and to increase the search for more reliable testing methods not involving the use of animals.
FRAME Life President Professor Michael Balls, and Dr Jarrod Bailey and Michelle Thew from the BUAV have produced a paper following the study which will be published in FRAME's scientific journal ATLA (Alternatives to Laboratory Animals).
The paper states that: "A comprehensive suite of more reliable alternative methods is now available. Combined with considerable public concern over the use of dogs in science, the high ethical costs of doing so, given the sensitive nature of dogs and the expressed desire for the use of dogs as a second species in drug testing to have a scientific, rather than a habitual basis, we conclude that preclinical testing of pharmaceuticals in dogs cannot currently be justified on scientific or ethical grounds."


Lakeland Winery Fundraiser - Photo Recap - Hope Chest for Charity, Inc.
Hope Chest for Charity hosted a wine tasting fundraiser at Lakeland Winery, today - March 20th from 12-4pm in 2 separate sessions. Trista, our Lakeland Winery bartender shared her beautiful smile and glowing personality, while pouring sample after sample for nearly 4 hours! The event boasted some fantastic pulled pork sliders donated by Badbulldog BBQ as well as tasty tapas by Tastefully Simple. Gail brought us brownies and Joanna from My Salon delivered incredible cream puffs!
In addition to food and several wine samples, we held a basket raffle, a 50/50 raffle and offered some gift items for sale. We also had the opportunity to hand out some of our newly printed Breast Cancer Resource Guides (thank you again to the Oneida Fire Department for their sponsorship).
While we are so thankful to all who donated their time, food, and raffle items including Uno's Pizzeria & Grill and Joe Lento, we are especially grateful to the patrons who joined us today! Thank you so much to all who came out and raised money for those in need, right here in Central New York.
Click any photo for a larger slideshow view.


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Special And Different Style of Mahnaz Afshar In Germany
June 20, 2019 recardo Celebrity News 0
In the following, you will see pictures of the special and different style of famous Iranian actor Mahnaz Afshar in Germany.
Different Style of Mahnaz Afshar In Germany
Mahnaz Afshar also called The Tall Pari (born 11 June 1977, in Tehran) is an Iranian actress who has been active since 1998 with acting in cinema and television series.
She graduated in natural science in high school. After graduation, one of her relatives who was the Theater Affairs Assistant in "Soureh" college introduced her to "Hannaneh" Art Institute. Having studied video edition in the following years, she participated in the assembly job of "Ketabe Avval" training materials, directed by Dariush Mehrjui.
Later on, she was invited by Shamsi Fazl Elahi to act in a TV series called Gomshodeh (Lost) directed by Masoud Navaii, making her first official play in the TV industry. Her professional career continued by acting in a movie called "Doostam" (Friends) directed by Abdollah Eskandari. The film, however, was not released in movie theaters due to complications with the authorities regarding the story and morals of the film.
Her first official appearance as an actress in the cinema industry debuted in a work called Shore Eshgh (Passion of Love), which received positive reviews by audience and critics of the time. Having gained substantial fame for her act, she later appeared in "Atashbas" (Ceasefire), a major hit, and "Salade Fasl" (Season Salad).
Different Pictures From Mahnaz Afshar Iranian Actress
Actors Who Have Played In The Role Of The Opposite Gender
A Beautiful American Actress And Popular Between Iranians


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RaceFans > Essential F1 information > F1 Teams > Sauber
Active years: 1993-2005, 2011-
Previous identities: BMW (2006-2010)
Find all F1 Fanatics who are fansof Sauber
Major team personnel
Sauber entered F1 in 1993 using engines supplied by Mercedes, whose world endurance championship team they had run.
For a while they were expected to become Mercedes' works F1 outfit but that plan changed when Mercedes became engine suppliers to McLaren in 1995.
Sauber remained as an independent F1 team and eventually switchedto Ferrari engined badged by Petronas. The team was the first destination for several upcoming drivers including Kimi Raikkonen and Felipe Massa.
It enjoyed a particularly strong season in 2001 with Raikkonen and Nick Heidfeld taking the team to fourth in the constructors' championship.
Team owner Peter Sauber sold his team to BMW at the end of 2005 but five years later he was back in charge of the team once more after the car manufacturer withdrew from the sport. He later handed team principal duties to Monisha Kaltenborn.
Following BMW's departure the team return to using customer Ferrari engines. The team officially took over the Sauber name once again at the beginning of 2011.
Sergio Perez scored the team's best result as an independent constructor when he finished second in the 2012 Malaysian Grand Prix.
http://www.f1fanatic.co.uk/charts/stats.csv
Championship position 7 8 7 7 7 6 8 8 4 5 6 6 8 7 6 7 10
Points 12 12 18 11 16 10 5 6 21 11 19 34 20 44 126 57 0
Wins 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pole positions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
View pictures of Sauber's F1 cars
Complete list of Sauber F1 drivers
Sauber Motorsport AG,
Wildbachstrasse 9,
CH-8340 Hinwil,
Board president: Peter Sauber
Team principal: Monisha Kaltenborn
Operations director: Axel Kruse
Technical direcor: Jorg Zander
Chief designer: Eric Gandelin
Head of aerodynamics: Willem Toet
Head of track engineering: Giampaolo Dall'Ara
Head of vehicle dynamics: Benjamin Waterhouse
Team manager: Beat Zehnder
Chief mechanic: Reto Camenzind
Race engineer (Marcus Ericsson):
Race engineer (Felipe Nasr):
Sauber articles
Leclerc's arrival led Ericsson to raise his game – Vasseur
Sauber's 2018 F1 car backed by Alfa Romeo revealed
Sauber announces 2018 car launch date
Sauber's future is brighter after Alfa Romeo deal
Sauber unveils concept Alfa Romeo livery for 2018
Browse all Sauber articles
Image © Sauber F1 Team


When I last published a Scratchin' 2018 update, I was £122 in the red.
After scratching today's National Lottery card, I am minus £130. I played a few £2 cards this week. I broke even on a £1 card on Wednesday, but it still has to be considered a dud of a week.