text:
An Education: Professor Charles Ogletree Speaks Truths about Alzheimer's
Charles James Ogletree, Jr. is the Jesse Climenko Professor at Harvard Law School and the founder of the school's Charles Hamilton Houston Institute. With prolific former students such as Michelle Obama and trials under his belt for Tupac Shakur and Anita Hill, Professor Ogletree has fought for decades for justice and civil rights. He is also living with Alzheimer's disease, having disclosed his diagnosis in July 2016. We spoke to him about his experiences and his Alzheimer's story.
"I've learned that every person's Alzheimer's journey is different – not one is the same," the professor reflects. "It's interesting, because in my case, I didn't have any sense about what was happening to me as the disease came to light. I didn't notice the symptoms of Alzheimer's in myself. I was recently at a conference where I gave a speech about the disease and I was surprised to see how many people – black, white, all nationalities and backgrounds – were there, living with the disease or taking care of someone with the disease. It truly is affecting us all, and we must all join the fight to end Alzheimer's."
Professor Ogletree wants to encourage African-Americans, who have a higher risk for the disease, to become educated about Alzheimer's – and encourage people to get an early diagnosis.
"Early detection and diagnosis is key. The most important thing is to not be afraid to talk about it, because talking about it will encourage other people to open up," he says. "In every speech I give – sometimes on a weekly basis – I have been talking openly about my Alzheimer's diagnosis. I've spoken to people with the disease and people who love someone with the disease. In a way, we are all in the same boat. It is amazing how many people are affected; something has to be done to slow this epidemic. We all have to tell our stories to keep the lines of communication open."
Professor Ogletree has been a mentor to many, including Michelle and Barack Obama, who both attended Harvard. The support of the former President, who released a statement about Ogletree's diagnosis last year, along with family, friends and colleagues isn't lost on the professor.
"It is so important for people with a diagnosis to have the support of their loved ones; I think it matters very much. My son Chuck (Charles III) visits Boston to spend time with my wife Pamela and I, and my daughter Rashida will be getting a visit from us soon in her new home. Every Thanksgiving, Pamela and I spend the first part of the holiday at home and then travel to my son; every Christmas, we do the same with our daughter. I have a good friend from Mississippi who has been very supportive, along with his wife. Having their support while I continue to fight this disease means the world to me."
When it comes to his own journey, exercise and keeping busy with activities are an important part of his daily routine.
"My wife is trying to keep up with me! I like to run – running is definitely very important to me. I enjoy attending Harvard basketball games, even if they didn't quite make the tournament this year! I also stay involved with the community by attending lunch and dinner social events. I feel that it's important for me to keep active, mentally and physically." Public service and seeking justice have been a huge part of Professor Ogletree's background, and he has begun a new fight for reason. "I talk about Alzheimer's disease everywhere I go; I don't shy away from it. The people I have spoken to are very responsive to my message of continuing to fight – and hope – and I find triumph in that."
The professor continues to believe education and lifelong learning are vital, both for those living with dementia and those who are not.
After he defended Tupac Shakur in court in the turbulent year of 1993, Tupac's mother asked Ogletree to try and convince Tupac to apply to Harvard. "It was so interesting to have that experience. Tupac was a talented guy who could have taken a Harvard education very far. In the end, he decided it was not for him. These days, I still work with students who apply to and attend Harvard. Educating every child we can is key, because that key can turn a life in the right direction. I try to inspire new generations and show them how far an education can take them. It fills me with joy when my students embrace their education; their hard work shows in their successes. They – and I – don't take our time together for granted." As for his personal view of his impact on society, Professor Ogletree is very clear about what his legacy will be. "I want to be known as the guy who was always concerned about justice and equality. Nothing more, nothing less." There is no doubt he will be, and given how much he is talking openly about his Alzheimer's diagnosis – and educating others about his own disease experience – he hopes he will be known for that as well. "My next fight has begun. I am ready."
Alzheimer's Impact Movement
Life with Alzheimer's


Understanding the ADSR envelope (shape): We are shaping our sound with attack, decay, sustain and release parameters.
This is the time we are taking from 0 to max. amplitude as soon as the key is pressed.
Follows directly after the attack time. Its the time the amplitude takes to go from maximum level to sustain level.
This is the Level of amplitude we are keeping as long as the key is pressed.
Starts as soon as key is released. Amplitude goes from sustain level to 0 - the release time sets how long this will take.
So, Attack, Decay and Release are time parameters. Sustain is a level parameter.


The 2011 Schneider Awards was the first edition of the Schneider Awards, a biennual set of awards in recognition of achievements within the MicroWiki community. The awards were run by Aldrich Lucas, with the results being announced on 12 April 2011.
The Schneider Awards were hosted and organised by Aldrich Lucas and were announced in early April. Honouring micronations and micronationalists from the past year starting from March 2010, the judging panel consisted of Alexander Reinhardt, Niels of Flandrensis, Tom Turner, Parker I and Quentin I of Wyvern.
The nomination period began on 17 March and ended on 25 March, though late nominations were accepted. The results were announced by Aldrich Lucas on 12 April.


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Michael Manring
Michael Manring (born 1960 in Washington, D.C.) is an electric bassist from the San Francisco Bay Area (Northern California). In addition to a tenure as the in-house bassist for Windham Hill Records, Manring has recorded with Michael Hedges, Alex Skolnick (in the bands Skol-Patrol and Attention Deficit, also featuring Tim Alexander from Primus), Larry Kassin, Tom Darter, Steve Morse, David Cullen, and many other noted musicians. He has been a member of Yo Miles!, Henry Kaiser and Wadada Leo Smith's Miles Davis tribute band, since its inception. He remains active, touring the world for performances and clinics. Manring studied with Jaco Pastorius.
Manring is regarded as a technical virtuoso, using the bass as a solo instrument and frequently taking advantage of unusual alternate tunings. Manring occasionally plays on two (or even three) basses at the same time during live performances.
He is known for playing and endorsing Zon basses -- specifically, the Zon Hyperbass, an unusually flexible four-stringed instrument which Manring co-designed with Joseph Zon. Read more about Michael Manring on Last.fm. User-contributed text is available under the Creative Commons By-SA License; additional terms may apply.
Gear used by Michael Manring
Michael Manring bass guitars
Michael Manring links
At War With Self
Manring Kassin Darter
SadHappy
Attention Deficit
Michael Manring allmusic
Michael Manring discogs
Michael Manring official homepage
Michael Manring other databases
Michael Manring VIAF
Michael Manring wikidata
Michael Manring wikipedia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


PayPal: Australia's favourite way to pay online. PayPal is a fast, easy and safe way to make payments online and on your mobile phone.
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Customers are responsible for all postage associated with returns or exchanges for any reason.


Singer/Songwriter/Guitarist Rockie Charles, known as "the President of Soul" has backed soul legends Little Johnny Taylor, Percy Sludge, O.V. Wright, and Otis Redding in the 1960's when he was based in Nashville. After moving back to New Orleans, he recorded three singles for the Soulgate label, including his signature song, "The President of Soul".
His album "Born for You" with Orleans Records is an unpretentious album of original Southern soul that owes more to the music of Al Green and O.V. Wright than to blues or even New Orleans R&B.


March might be the following month of 3 1 days. December 2018 is you start Saturday, ending Monday with five Sundays. Blank November 2018 Calendar Printable class below to deal with your everyday activities related to your own, social, and also life.
We are supplying the Blank November 2018 Calendar With Notes. It is located at the start with this month in regards to the ladies that face the majority of the drawbacks without uttering a single word against their nearest and dearest. It's a Free Printable Blank November 2018 Calendar to look after one's leadership daily when compared with other practices. To come across this particular motive, a person might pen nearly all the identifying occasions and activities in your planner.


A beautiful sunshine filled spring day provided Kyle and Johanna the perfect wedding. I love barn weddings with the natural light and outside ceremonies. Kyle lived in Florida and Johanna lived near Selinsgrove. Both of them worked in graphic design, so they saw value in photography.
So check out the Stone Barn Winery in Selinsgrove PA. Owners Kim and Shane are friendly, accommodating, and care for their couples. I've photographed here a few times, and if your wedding is here, get in touch.


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Libraries and Archive
Dublin Pubs
Submitted by Your Library on Mon, 31/01/2011 - 10:34
"Good puzzle would be cross Dublin without passing a pub"
James Joyce, Ulysses
This gallery consists of images of Public Houses from the Dublin City Photographic Collection. Some of these pubs are still open for business but most have vanished from our streets. It is hoped that these images will serve as 'memory triggers' for those Dubliners who frequented them, passed them by, or avoided them.
In addition to these photographs, Dublin City Public Libraries also include further sources on the social and cultural history of Dublin, some of which are available online and some through the Dublin City Public Libraries network.
The Reading Room, Dublin City Library and Archive, Pearse Street holds a wealth of material on the history of Dublin, including books, pamphlets, journals, street directories, and almanacs.
The following online resources can be accessed free of charge at your local library (access links via our NetVibes portal). Ask library staff for information and assistance.
Libraries and Archives Digital Repository: Digital records relating to Dublin, including photographs, postcards, letters, maps and ephemeral material. Highlights of the collection include the Fáilte Ireland Photographic Collection, Wide Street Commission Map Collection (1757-1851), the Irish Theatre Archive and the Birth of the Republic Collection, which comprises material from the period of the foundation of the Irish state.
Irish Times Digital Archive: This online archive service gives access to contemporary editions of the Irish Times from the mid-nineteenth century until the present.
Irish Newspaper Archive: This online archive service gives access to contemporary editions of the Irish Independent and a range of other newspapers.
The Ireland-JSTOR Collection: This online archive of academic articles can also be accessed free of charge at your local library.
For further reading, consult the Library Catalogue.
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I was reminiscing and
Permalink Submitted by sandra scotchbrook (not verified) on Fri, 30/08/2019 - 23:05
I was reminiscing and wondered if anyone remembers the name of the pub that was in lower sean Mcdermott street in 1973/74? I remember my grandad used to go for a pint whenever he came to visit us while we lived there. I also remember the day of the bombings in 1974 and I remember the windows of the pub were blown out on to the street and myself and a few other children who were playing in the vicinity of the pub on that horrible day were hurt by flying glass particles. I would be really grateful if anyone could remember the name of the pub and let me know!
Permalink Submitted by Ronan (not verified) on Fri, 29/11/2019 - 20:37
https://www.dublincity.ie/image/libraries/021-murrays
Thanks for sharing Deirdre! 2 days 15 hours ago
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Mark Taylor is an authorised representative of Integrity Financial Planners. Mark specialises in tailored investment strategies for people looking to enhance their investment assets, remove that bad debt from their balance sheet or make the transition to retirement.
Mark is very knowledgeable in the Self Managed Superannuation Fund market whether you are in the accumulation phase, transferring to retirement or already in retirement.


Inhabits forests, woodland and savanna dominated by Iron Bark and Bloodwood. These areas have a grassy understorey and are generally flood after rain. Breeds in the wet season in depressions temporarily flooded. Males call from the bases of Triodia tussocks. Breeding and larvae are unknown.
Davies, M., Watson, G.F., and McDonald, K.R. (1992). ''Redefinition of Uperoleia littlejohni (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Myobatrachinae).'' Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 116(4), 137-139.
Species Account Citation: AmphibiaWeb 2008 Uperoleia littlejohni: Littlejohn's Toadlet <http://amphibiaweb.org/species/3614> University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Accessed Apr 18, 2019.


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Agent: Ezekiel Elliott not amused by Jerry Jones' 'Zeke who?' quip
Shalise Manza Young
·Yahoo Sports Columnist
Ezekiel Elliott has recently been in Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, training on his own in paradise as he waits to see if he and the Dallas Cowboys can come to an agreement on a contract extension.
But Elliott apparently isn't laughing at a joke from the Cowboys' general manager.
'Zeke who?'
Dallas Cowboys owner/GM Jerry Jones made a joke his star running back didn't find funny. (AP)
In case you took a break from the NFL this weekend, on Sunday, media chatted with Dallas owner and GM Jerry Jones. Jones was asked if backup running back Tony Pollard is Jones' "best negotiator" when it comes to contract talks with Elliott.
Pollard, a rookie selected in the fourth round this year, has nine carries for 58 yards and a touchdown plus one 9-yard catch in the Cowboys' first two preseason games.
After a pause, Jones looks at the questioner and says, "Zeke who?" which drew laughs and the observation from the reporter that Jones' answer was caught on camera.
Ever the showman, Jones looks at the camera, says "Zeke" and quickly winks.
'I didn't think it was funny'
Rocky Arceneaux, Elliott's agent, told ESPN's Chris Mortensen on Monday that neither he nor Elliott saw the humor.
"I didn't think it was funny and neither did Zeke – we actually thought it was disrespectful," Arceneaux told Mortensen.
Left unsaid, however, is whether Arceneaux and Elliott saw the full clip of Jones.
'That will complement what we're doing with Zeke'
Asked for a more serious assessment of Pollard's play to this point, Jones was quick to note that the Memphis product missed a blitz pickup against the Los Angeles Rams on Saturday that "got our quarterback killed."
But he said he can see Pollard as a player who can help in addition to Elliott.
"He's going to be, if he continues this through the next several weeks, he's going to be right in the middle of it early," Jones said. "And that'll really complement what we're doing with Zeke. Not replace that. And I mean that. Not replace it. Nobody's getting cute here. It certainly would be a great complement to have a great running game ... I can see those guys in the same sets at the same time and giving those defenses fits."
For context but, regardless, it did not got well with @EzekielElliott and agent Rocky Arceneaux https://t.co/nj7rFdkd4i
— Chris Mortensen (@mortreport) August 19, 2019
NFL's Kaepernick settlement has failed to buy silence
Jets coach takes blame for linebacker's preseason injury
Benson was a legend who never acted like one
Mets' Alonso sets NL rookie record with 40th home run


Back Once again with another LED Test and Review.
This Time we are working with Nextlight systems.
Let us start with the Unboxing.
Inside the Box you'll find your light secure by heavy duty packing material that keep your light from moving while in shipment process. Unit came in excellent condition with no issues whatsoever.
Lets Get this Baby out of there!
Take a Look at Nextlight.
A Sleek LED system with White Housing, sure to reflect bouncing Lumens.
Each Nextlight LED System contains 96 American made, full spectrum white LEDs — using just 525 watts.
Each Nextlight System provides a grow footprint of 3' x 3' for flower period and 5' x 5' for vegetative stage.
NextLight can maintain a 70,000 hour life rating at 100 degree F ambient conditions.
Both Ends have Plenty of ventilation, keeping the unit breathing easy and cool. Nextlight says their units emit 75% less heat than than 1000 watt HPS.
Sturdy Eyelets to hang the unit.
NextLight is a true HPS 1000 replacement — proven to grow.
The green line represents NextLight's spectrum, which encompasses the full spectrum of the HPS 1000. Unlike the misguided purple LEDs of the past, NextLight matches and extends powerful white light that's proven to grow.
Stay Tuned For the Trials and updates!!!
I have begun Cloning and will Veg in a 5×5 tent with a single Nexlight unit. So Keep your Eyes Peeled.
Karl Myers has been blowing glass for 12 years and recently transitioned into showcasing his own unique style creating functional and non-functional pieces of art like pipes, tubes, and pendants.
Today i wanted to show off this 10mm Mini-tube from Karl73.
Futuristic "Tetris" design with incorporated colors Oregon gray, Really Teally, and black.
Equipped with a 10mm joint.
Slick Black rimmed Mouthpiece offers great contrast with the purple.
Beautiful opal marble blinging off of the side of the beaker style base.
Transparent purple along the tube.
This Heady little beast has the right chug to dish out perfect dabs at home, or on the go.
Make sure you go Follow "Karlseventythree" on Instagram to score some amazing glass like this.
Also, look for Karl on Facebook under "Karl Myers" for more.
Have a great night friends.
The Black Dog LED Platinum XLU Light was tested along Side standard 1000w HPS lighting. I used the same Clone Only Strain of Gods Gift to do the test. The Medium was A depleted Soil that was Void of any Nutrients, and I used Dragonfly Earth Medicine Line. Exact Same size Pot, Feeding schedule, and treatment.
Early Veg looking through the Method Seven Black Dog Operator glasses.
Early on in flower I noticed that The led side created a more even flower set and canopy, and stayed a bit shorter than the HPS.
After the stretch, the Led side remained a few inches shorter, but more even. Led resin is more abundant toward the leaf tips and in general. You can see the LED side (top pic) is more rich in green/chlorophyll and is loving the Light.
At this point, I can see a slightly larger flower build on the HPS side, but the chlorophyll is less present on the HPS side and its fading faster. I have also begun to notice The LED side desires less water as well.
The Led Side is still moving along swimmingly, and desires no extra nitrogen, and is much more happy than the HPS. The buds are starting to dense up a bit faster on the Black Dog Side.
Its clear to see the trichomes are loaded on the LED side, and the Fan Leaves are green as can be and they aren't showing any signs of stress.
LED is My Favorite at this point because the Sugar leaves are still caked and have not suffered from any light/heat stress like that on the HPS side, which means my trim will be more desirable to work with when making extracts.
There is simply just more resin, which is actually greasier, and it smells better.
The side by side on dried and cured Gods Gift Flowers.
After a month in jars and a 2 week drying period, I've determined that the LED is a superior Product in quality and efficiency.
The Aromas and Flavor is undeniable as compared to HPS.
Black Dog LED's Platinum XLU Light is an all out Winner in every aspect.
The main thing that i noticed throughout flower was how much more Lush and Green the LED side was throughout Her Life in contrast to the HPS Side. Gods gift took the Environment like a champ and without any ill effect.
A huge benefit that i see is for for the grower struggling with heat in the grow room.
When Growing with LED it is important to raise the ambient room temperature to around 85 opposed to a conventional 75 degree sweet spot.. The reason this is necessary is because the Leaf surface temperature has to be high enough to achieve optimal photosynthesis, we achieve this by providing a warmer ambient temperature in the room.
Lets recap on the LED Benefits….
The smell on the LED side is Noticeably Brighter, richer, and more complex than the HPS side.
22.5% more efficient to run.
The bag appeal is Very nice and equates visually.
The Flavor translate a bit sharper on the palette from LED.
It was less expensive to run for the duration of the grow.
Easily I would Say that the Black Dog Led Platinum XLU light does beat out a standard 1000w HPS when you factor in Efficiency, Operating Cost, fruit Quality, and over all health of the plant.
I will continue to use this light and update with thoughts. Here is a picture of my current Black Dog LED Grow that i am experimenting with mixed spectrum.
Get to http://www.blackdogled.com today and scope out their variety of lights and gear, and get Growing.
Are you often scared of getting Herpes, or the dreaded "Cup Cough" from attending Marijuana Social events and Festivals?
Look No Further than Mouthpeace.
A 100% Platinum Cured Silicon MouthPeace to insert in virtually any Pipe, Bong or Dab rig, even some joints and vape pens might fit.
The Flexible Ribbed and tapered cone design allows you to secure your Mouthpeace to most all Smoking devices.
By using pressure when pressing your mouth against the unit, you create a tight seal that allows you to draw hits with ease.
You want the Mouthpeace for Pipes? No Problem!
Even those 10mm Mini Tubes for on the Road..
Mouthpeace did us all a favor by creating this device, no more germs and illness exposure while trying to have a good time.
Don't forget your nifty Lanyard attachment.
Rock your MouthPeace around your Neck so you wont lose it.
MouthPeace is the way to travel when "Hitting" the Weed Events.
MouthPeace is Available in Many colors.
Be sure to check out the website at http://www.mouthpeace.us and get yours today!
Joel Halen Has been Pumping out Functional Art and Quartz Nails for years.
Made in Colorado and internationally known.
The H3 Design was created by Joel Halen and is Constructed of 100% Quartz, and has been a favorite among Glass enthusiasts.
Quartz can withstand higher heats, is more durable, and resists temp changes better than standard glass.
A nice Big Quartz Domeless Bucket to take the dabs you need with a massive surface area for putting in work, all while retaining Ample heat.
The vapor path Hole is raised up to keep your oil in the bucket and not in your rig.
The Flavor retained by this high end quartz is impeccable.
If you aren't a Fan of Ti and notice a metallic flavor imparted into your dabs as some have said, you'll love the H3 Quartz Honey Hole.
Additionally, Joel creates Quartz Carb Cap dabber which makes low temp dabbing much more efficient. This is where the Flavor in the concentrates really get to shine.
On the End of the Carb-cap is a nice dabber to serve up those terps.
Style out your Rig with the Perfect addition By picking up a H3 Honey Hole available in 10mm,14mm and 18mm sizes with a Female joint or direct inject option.
Magical Butter MB2e is in the House.
The High Tech and well thought out design of the Magical Butter Machine MB2e is designed to create bases for a variety of Infused Products. These products ranging, but not limited to; Butters, oils, Tinctures, to skin products like balms, Topicals and cremes.
The Magical Butter MB2e is A solid Unit with everything you need to start extracting like a Pro..
The Lid Insert on the MB2e has a propeller that makes sure to mix and grind your material properly while its heating or in No Heat mode.
Sure to create a thoroughly mixed end product.
The Magical Butter MB2e Allows you to set a desired temperature to suit your specific needs for the project.
Are you are Living in High Altitudes and Dry Climates? Don't worry, The MB2e offers 130°F/54°C temperature setting for optimized extractions in such conditions.
The Magical Butter MB2e holds a Deep Stainless steel vessel to do generous loads.
A courteous Product level Line for keeping within the boundaries.
The MB2e is a tough machine with Heavy duty connections from the Propeller lid insert that fix to the stainless steel vessel.
The Magical Butter MB2e Machine comes with a 100 % silicon Non Slip "Love Glove" to help maintain Sanitary conditions with your extractions and is Dishwasher safe. This "Love Glove" is a blessing when doing Heated Extractions, insure that you wont get your hands burned while squeezing.
The Purify FilterMesh Bag is Also Dishwasher safe.
Take your Healthy living to the next Level by creating Infused foods and products with the Magical Butter Machine MB2e!
Just enter "budblog" at the store at http://www.magicalbutter.com and save yourself 30 Dollars off your total purchase.
Stay Tuned for Tutorials with The Magical Butter MB2e Machine, and some fun recipes with Mrs. Chewberto420 to help stay medicated Organically..
Black Dog LED is Based out of Boulder Colorado, and they are Creating Top of the line LED grow lights for Growing indoors since 2010.
Today we are getting an inside look at the Platinum XL-U Grow light from Black Dog LED.
Shipped securely and promptly to your door.
As you can see, they take the necessary precautions to get the light to you safely and without damage.
The Platinum XL-U weighs in at 47 pounds, the dimensions are 19.5″ x 19.5″ x 5″, and the amp draw is 6.25A~3.125A (@ 120/240v), opposed to a standard 1000w HID ballast (Phantom 1000w Digital) which pulls close to 9~5 amps. An excellent reduction of Energy needs.
The Black Dog Platinum XL-U Delivers a lighting footprint of 7.0 FT in the Vegetative cycle, and 4.5 FT in Flowering Cycle, sure to match the footprint of any 1000w HID system.
The Square design provides an even footprint to maintain an even canopy while growing for maximum yields.
The Platinum XL-U utilizes the Largest heat sinks in the industry for superior cooling and increased LED life.
The Light offers Heavy duty rings for hanging, makes it easy to clip on a ratchet hanger.
If you have low ceilings, you can use the close quarters bracket to get the proper fit.
The Platinum XL-U is provided with a Heavy Duty 8 FT power cord for 120/240V sockets.
All you have to do is Hit the On/off toggle switch to bring the Platinum XL-U to life.
Eliminates toxic Mercury required like that of HID and CFL Lighting. Generates less heat, resulting in reduction of energy costs from having to cool your grow space. Also the unit draws less energy when compared to a standard 1000w HID lighting system.
Black Dog LED's Phyto-Genesis Spectrum is designed to unlock the plants full potential, which in turn maximizes Terpenes. Terpenes are the aromatics from the flowers essential oils, which are crucial to creating flavorful and robust product. Terpenes also work hand in hand with medicinal value via the entourage effect. This helps create a better medicine, product, and connoisseur grade that is most desired.
Black Dog LED is the First of many in the LED industry, so you can be sure they have gone through the testing to bring you the most up to date technology when providing LED grow lights.
To incorporate UV and IR light, which enhances taste and aroma, as well as speeding up flowering time.
To utilize warm and cool white chips to compensate for nanometers lacking in the spectrum.
To design a light with a full spectrum that uses up to 17 different light spectrums.
To dispel the hype and design a real 1000w HID replacement—the Platinum XL-U, which is the most powerful LED grow light on the planet, watt for watt and chip for chip.
To use high – flow and quiet ball bearing fans.
To incorporate all 18-gauge internal wiring, which eliminates any heat from impedance, further reducing wear on the light.
To own a SpectroRadiometer and conduct independent research on spectrum and its effects on photosynthesis and ultimately on plant yield and health.
And the only LED light company to offer a limited lifetime warranty!
Knowing they have paved the way in this industry will have you resting easy after joining the Black Dog LED family.
Stay tuned for the Review on the Method Seven Black Dog Operator LED Glasses.
Winterization Is the process of removing all residual, solvents, waxes and fats from the final product using ethanol to make an "Absolute" product.
We do this to create a pure product that is easy on your lungs and safer for consumption.
If done properly you can create some tasty and super stable products.
1. Provide Quality single solvent Butane Hash Oil of any consistency.
We have a small batch of 6.0 Grams of crystalline BHO flake to winterize.
2. Use ethanol that IS NOT Denatured, I am using Everclear for this process.
3. Get your product ready!
5. Pour the Everclear into the Mason Jar, you want to use around 1-2 oz of ethanol per gram of oil product. if you'd like to expedite the emulsifying process, you can heat up the ethonal to about 85-90 degrees Fahrenheit (No Open Flames), use your Infrared Temp gun and check your temps, make sure to stay around 85 degrees to preserve terpenes.
and pour it into the ethanol mix.
7. Put the lid on the Mason jar, and swirl the ethanol hash blend around to begin breaking down the mix until it is emulsified, and is one solution.
8. After you've mixed up your Ethanol and hash into a single clear solution, you are going to put this jar in the freezer for 24-48 hours. The freezing process will occur more rapidly under lower temps.
At this time, throw another clean Mason Jar into the freezer to prepare for the liquid transfer..
After 24-48 hours, you will notice Plant waxes and fats (lipids) coagulating within the liquid mix.
It is now time to filter..
9. Grab your Unbleached Coffee filters and a funnel.
Now Pour the Frozen Ethanol hash and lipid mix, into the other frozen mason jar, do this with a funnel and unbleached coffee filter. Make sure you do the filtering process inside the freezer the entire time, until it has finished.
You can also secure the Coffee filter to the jar, by attaching just the ring for the lid to the jar.
Now, Time to pour and Evaporate.
11. Grab a Pyrex dish of your choice, and pour your new filtered liquid onto the dish.
12. After you've poured the solution onto the Pyrex, Be sure to cover the dish with something breathable to deter airborne particles from contaminating the liquid while it is evaporating.
I put My dish into an empty cupboard.
Set the dish in any Room Temp area, and wait till it starts to evaporate and reduce down to oil.
13. When your product looks something like this, and is no longer a liquid state, but a goo state, you are now ready to scrape up and Vac-purge.
If you don't have a Vacuum Oven/Chamber, you can allow it to reduce on a warm water bath, trying not to allow the oil to exceed 90 degrees.
Now, Scrape up your oil onto an Oil Slick pad, or unbleached parchment paper for the final step.
14. After you've scraped up the oil onto a non stick surface, put it into a vacuum oven/heated chamber to begin warming the oil mass until it has reached 85-90 degrees. Don't vacuum until it has reached temp. After it has reached desired temps, you can begin vacuum purging the remaining ethanol from the oil.
15. After the product has purged, you are all finished.
The amount of time to engage in the purging process is relative to the amount of oil that you are winterizing. This could take anywhere from 12-48 hours to purge.
You now have a beautiful "absolute" dewaxed BHO product, residual free from lipids and butane.
Colorado Dabsmith is a company manned by Brothers Jordan and Jonathan Thompson.
A company which is Based out of Colorado, and was Established in 2014.
Colorado Dabsmith offers Fresh and Unique products made from Titanium, Stainless Steel, Aluminum, Carbon Fiber and 3D-printed plastics.
Take a look at the Colorado Dabsmith "Honey dipper" Titanium Dab Tool and Stand.
The Dabsmith Honey dipper is an Awesome and versatile tool to say the least!
Stretching in at 4 inches long, and constructed from Grade 2 Titanium.
Machined in Fort Collins, Colorado.
The Dabsmith Honey dipper Tool is Very handy in serving up shatters, budders, and waxes , but most importantly, gooey oils.
We all know that Hash oil can be challenging to work with and grab, but The Honey dipper has no problem pulling up gooey Hash oil with the unique Hive like dipper head.
Complete with texture grooves at the end of the tool to insure a stable grip when Dabbing.
I would definitely recommend this tool from Colorado Dabsmith.
When working with Co2 and Butane oils that are more viscous and have a liquid consistency, this piece can make your dabbing sessions run a lot smoother.
I haven't posted any Pics in a while… Here are some Flowers that are 45 days In-Bloom in my garden.
Stretches around 3/4, and puts out huge calyxs that are covered in thick trichomes.
Amazing Lavender Aromatics come from this girl. Light yielder, not much stretch, maybe 1/2-3/4 stretch.
Bagseed #2 from Girl Scout Cookies Forum cut.
Huge stretcher, and about a 65-70 days pheno. Extreme Pine terpenes with a touch of musk. Lime smelling stock… This girl i cant seem to cull from the garden. about 4 oz out of her typically.
Kens Kush Sour Purple Rock Pheno.
This girl is a 50 day strain that is amazing. Sweet GDP dominant, about 3-4 ounces in 6 gallon pots. requires light feedings. double stretch.


..The New gTLD Trademark Clearinghouse Opens. Have You Planned Your Brand Protection Strategy? The start of the new gTLD system is upon us. The Internet Corporation For Assigned Names and Numbers ("ICANN") anticipates making the first of around 1900 new gTLDs available in mid-2013. Release will happen on a staggered basis with the first likely to be Chinese followed by other foreign language domain names and then gTLDs in English that have no competing bidders. A full list of the proposed new gTLDs is set out on the ICANN website.
There are significant consequences in all of this for brand owners and the likelihood of a very substantial spike in cybersquatting. After much debate and negotiation, the Trademark Clearinghouse has been developed to help alleviate some of the risks. The Trademark Clearinghouse will enable brand owners to register their trade marks to a centralised database which will facilitate both a "Trademark Claims" service and a "Sunrise Service".
The "Trademark Claims" service will provide would-be registrants in a new gTLD with notice of a prior trade mark owners' rights and if registration proceeds will provide notification to the trade mark owner. The "Sunrise Service" will offer pre-existing trade mark owners the right to priority registration of an identical registered domain name in the new gTLD space.


text:
Abbey Road 50th Anniversary Special
Audio-Files
Abbey Road 50th Anniversary Special Download
52:04 Download October 31st, 2019
Andre Gardner hosts John, Paul, George, Ringo, the late George Martin & his son Giles as they celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Beatles' last and most popular album. It's Abbey Road at 50.
Andre and Simon Kirke 091622
14:04 Download September 16th, 2022
Roger Waters chats about his "This Is Not A Drill" 2022 tour
07:33 Download August 5th, 2022
Andre Gardner chat with Kevin Cronin of REO Speedwagon – 7-29-22
11:00 Download July 29th, 2022
Andre Gardner and Jon Anderson of Yes
Andre Gardner Chats With Joe Walsh
08:29 Download May 2nd, 2022
A Podcast of Quick-Hitting Classic Rock Match-Ups
Play Latest (June 27th, 2022)
Radio hosts John DeBella and Steve Vassalotti with daily radio highlights on 102.9 WMGK in Philadelphia. Interviews with classic rockers, comedians and a few laughs.
Andre's Beatle Minute Podcast
The latest Beatles news and rumors, and the occasional trivia tidbit. All from Andre Gardner, most in 60 seconds or less.
Wrestling Inside the Ropes
Join James Stewart and Mike "Sarge" Riley for a weekly look into the world of wrestling, WWE, All Elite Wrestling, New Japan Pro Wrestling, Ring of Honor and more.
Play Latest (January 23rd)
Wicked Fast Podcast
Brian 'Lungboy' Bell and Tim "Timmy G" Gorham bring their two decades of NASCAR knowledge to bring you the best of the speedways each week. You never know who will be joining the conversation on The Wicked Fast Podcast. Past podcast guests include Danica Patrick, Ty Dillon, Chase Elliott, Austin Dillon, Matt Kenseth, and Ryan […]
Play Latest (October 5th, 2022)


text:
\section{Introduction}
In today's world, hate speech is one of the major issues plaguing online social media websites. Platforms like Twitter and Gab make it easier than ever before for a person to reach a large audience quickly, which results in an increased temptation of users for inappropriate behavior such as hate speech, causing potential damage to the social system and thus possessing major threats which has already led to different types of crimes \citep{williams2020hate}. Human moderators manually detecting hate speech online have been reported to go through trauma and mental issues. This phenomenon necessitates automated hate speech detection as a crucial task.

A majority of the work on hate speech classification is constrained to the $English$ language. The inability of mono-lingual hate speech classifiers to detect the semantic cues in code-mixed languages necessitates an efficient classifier that can detect offensive content
automatically from code-mixed languages. Hinglish (formed of the words spoken in Hindi language but written in Roman script
instead of the Devanagari script) extends its grammatical setup from native Hindi, accompanied by many slurs, slang, and phonetic variations due to regional influence. Randomized spelling variations and multiple possible interpretations of Hinglish words in different contextual situations make it extremely difficult to deal with for automated classification. Another challenge worth considering in dealing with Hinglish is the demographic
divide between Hinglish users relative to total active users globally. This poses a severe limitation as the tweet data in Hinglish language is a small fraction of the large pool of tweets generated, necessitating the use of selective methods
to process such tweets in an automated fashion.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
  \centering
    \includegraphics[width=0.8 \textwidth]{sections/figures/example-2.pdf}
  \caption{An example of conversation from the dataset where the parent tweet is not hateful but the comment and reply are expressing implicit hate towards the user who posted parent tweet. The post explains the amount of oxygen that has been supplied across the whole country. The hateful comment says ``Are you a genuine doctor or have you just acquired a fake degree?'' while the hateful reply gives an affirmative response by saying ``it must be fake''.
  The green tick represents ``NOT'' comments while the red cross represents ``HOF'' or hateful/offensive comments.}
   \label{fig:hate-example}
\end{figure}

The context of the conversation plays a very crucial role in hate speech identification. We acknowledge the fact that a comment categorized as hate speech may not always contain the subject of hate on its own. As shown in figure \ref{fig:hate-example}, agreement or disagreement with a previous comment or the overall ideology in the chain of the conversation might also induce hate towards a particular target group. In addition to this, systems that can efficiently utilize the entire context of the comment chain with a holistic understanding of the entire discussion may also help in detecting ``trigger comments'' i.e., non-toxic comments in online discussions which lead to toxic replies and implicitly help in mitigating bias in hate speech identification which remains a long-standing problem in this domain \citep{dixon2018measuring,borkan2019nuanced}.

Hate Speech and Offensive Content Identification in English and Indo-Aryan Languages (HASOC) 2021 \cite{hasoc2021_overview} proposes two subtasks where subtask 1  aims towards identifying and discriminating hate and profane tweets in English, Hindi, and Marathi, and subtask 2 aims towards detecting hate tweets in conversations primarily in Hindi-English code-mixed texts. This paper illustrates our key contribution to subtask 2 \cite{hasoc2021_subtask2} of \textbf{HASOC 2021} \cite{hasoc2021_overview}. We present our system based on ensemble of transformers to detect hate speech in code-mixed Hindi-English conversations, which helps us achieve the first place in the HASOC Subtask 2 final leaderboard standings.

\section{Dataset}

The dataset provided for this task has code-switched Hindi-English as well as Hinglish conversation chains taken from twitter as shown in Fig 1. This is a binary classification dataset having two classes HOF and NOT.
HOF denotes the tweet, comment, or reply which contains hate, offensive, and profane content in itself or is supporting hate, whereas NOT denotes the tweet, comment, or reply which does not contain any hate speech, profane, or offensive content. More details about the dataset provided to us can be found in table \ref{tab:orig-dataset}. We have also provided \emph{Avg. Comments} which tells us about the average number of comments to a \emph{Parent Tweet} in the dataset since all \emph{Parent Tweets} had at least one \emph{comment}. We do not provide the average number of replies for comments since all comments do not have replies.

\input{sections/dataset-stats-table}

\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\caption{Train-Validation-Test Distribution}
\label{tab:proc-dataset}
\begin{tabular}{@{}cccc@{}}
\toprule
\textbf{Data} & \textbf{Total Conversations} & \textbf{HOF(Hateful/Offensive)} & \textbf{NOT (neither Hateful nor Offensive)} \\ \midrule
Train         & 4592                         & 2273                            & 2319                                         \\
Val           & 1148                         & 568                             & 580                                          \\
Test          & 1348                         & 695                             & 653                                          \\ \bottomrule
\end{tabular}
 \begin{tablenotes}
      \item Note : \textbf{Val} refers to Validation data .
    \end{tablenotes}
\end{table}

For feeding data into our model, we flatten the given conversations into individual parent-comment-reply unique conversation chains. As mentioned earlier, all parent tweets have atleast one comment, but all comments do not have replies, so,  a training instance might end with a comment. For each instance, the final label assigned to the instance was the label of the final comment in the conversation chain. Table \ref{tab:proc-dataset} describes the dataset distribution with the validation split used in our experiments in section \ref{eval-valid} .

\section{Related Work}

Hate speech detection is a challenging task with literature including techniques such as dictionary-based \citep{4618794}, distributional semantics \citep{10.1145/2740908.2742760} and recent literature exploring the power of neural network architectures for the same \citep{badjatiya2017deep}. However, a majority of the work done on hate speech detection is constrained to the English language \citep{founta2018large, carta2019supervised,saeed2018overlapping,vaidya2020empirical,tran2020habertor,hitkul2019maybe,aggarwal2020trawling, ghosh2021speech} with very limited work on other foreign languages \citep{kamal2021hostility,leite2020toxic,saroj2020indian,basile-etal-2019-semeval,ghosh-chowdhury-etal-2019-arhnet} and code-switched text \citep{mathur2018detecting,kapoor2019mind,mathur2018did,chopra2020hindi,kamble2018hate}. Although Hinglish has been a major contributor to hate speech online, this area has seen very little work with recent work exploring transformers \citep{ranasinghe2020wlvrit} and author profiling using graph neural networks \citep{chopra2020hindi}. Works like \citep{mathur2018detecting} uses a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture togther with Glove embeddings and transfer learning, in one of the first attempts to detect hate-speech online in the \emph{Hinglish} language. Similar to our work, \citep{yasaswini-etal-2021-iiitt} explored XLM-RoBERTa and achieved competitive results on the task of detecting hate-speech in Dravidian languages. In HAOSC 2020 shared task, \citep{baruah2021iiitgadbuhasocdravidiancodemixfire2020} also used XLM-RoBERTa to achieve the third rank on the overall task of detecting offensive content in code-mixed Dravidian text. However, we acknowledge the fact that XLM-RoBERTa was pre-trained on Hindi only text and our work differs from theirs in which we also transliterate words in a different code to Hindi to solve the problem of hate-speech detection.

Hate speech detection has branched into several sub-tasks like toxic span extraction \citep{pav2020semeval,ghosh2021cisco}, rationale identification \citep{mathew2020hatexplain} and hate target identification \citep{basile-etal-2019-semeval}. Though recent advancement in the field of NLP has pushed the limits of hate speech identification, like transformers \citep{chopra2020hindi} and graph neural networks \citep{mishra2019abusive,chopra2020hindi,das2021brutus} with people attempting to induce external knowledge leveraging author profiling \citep{chopra2020hindi} or ideology \citep{qian2018hierarchical} but using context of the conversation is still a challenge with very little work exploring this problem. Context of the conversation plays a huge role in hate speech identification with recent literature exploring both the structure and effect of context \citep{pavlopoulos2020toxicity,saveski2021structure} for the same. One interesting and related direction of work described in \citep{qian2019benchmark} relates to building systems that generate text which acts as hate speech interventions in online discussion. Context can both help in detecting trigger comments \citep{10.1145/3366423.3380074} and implicitly handle bias in hate speech identification which remains a long-standing problem in this domain \citep{dixon2018measuring,borkan2019nuanced}. To the best of our knowledge, all these works are constrained to the English language with very little work on code-mixed Hindi-English and Hinglish text, considering the context of the conversation.
\section{Methodology}
Our methodology primarily involves fine-tuning the transformer models pre-trained on a massive multilingual corpus. The following sections further describe the end-to-end approach used in our experiments.
\subsection{Data Pre-processing}
We first start by concatenating the tweet and its comments and replies, if they are present, to form the final text sequence. Our intuition behind this process is that this concatenation will help the model understand the context better, especially in those cases where the comment or reply may not be hateful but shows support for the hateful parent tweet.
While concatenating the tweets, we insert a new separator token ``[SENSEP]'' between the tweet , comment, and the reply, to differentiate between one tweet and another.
Post concatenation, we perform data cleaning by removing hashtags, emojis, URLs and mentions from the tweets. However, we do not remove punctuation and numbers to preserve the syntactic and semantic coherence of the tweets.

Although the data is code-mixed, having both Hindi and English text, there were several instances where Hindi text is present in Roman script. Since our models are pretrained on a code-mixed corpus, it is essential to deal with Hindi text in the Roman script to make the whole dataset consistent for training purposes. Therefore, we perform transliteration using AI4Bharat library\footnote{ \url{https://pypi.org/project/ai4bharat-transliteration/}} to convert the Hindi text in Roman script to Devanagari script.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
  \centering
  \includegraphics[width= \textwidth]{sections/figures/hasoc-model.drawio.pdf}
  \caption{Overview of Ensemble Model. 'Concat' refers to concatenation operation. 'Scores' refer to normalized logits/ probability scores .}
  \label{fig:model_image}
\end{figure}

\subsection{Baseline Approach : Fine-tuning Transformer Models}
\label{models}
We perform experiments with three different types of transformer models, which are described below.

\begin{itemize}
    \item \textbf{Indic-BERT} \cite{indic-bert}  is an ALBERT model pre-trained on a massive multilingual corpus having 12 Indic languages such as Assamese, Bengali, English, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu \cite{indic-bert} . The multilingual corpus has about 9 billion tokens.

    \item \textbf{Multilingual BERT} (mBERT) is a BERT \cite{devlin2019bert} model pretrained on Wikipedia data having over 100 languages with a masked language modeling objective.

    \item \textbf{XLM-Roberta} (XLM-R)  \cite{xlm-roberta} is a  transformer-based masked language model pretrained on Common Crawl data having about 100 languages. It was proposed by Facebook and happened to be one of the best-performing transformer models for multilingual tasks.

\end{itemize}

On top of these pre-trained transformer models, we add a dropout followed by a fully connected layer of size two which takes in the transformer's CLS token's representation of size 768. The fully connected layer returns logits for the two classes, i.e., HOF and NOT, which are then passed to a softmax layer to predict the class of the input text. This is explained as a part of the ensemble model in figure \ref{fig:model_image}
 .
\subsection{Our Approach : Models Ensembling}
We perform model ensembling on the top of our three fine-tuned models as explained in the section \ref{models}. Since we had three different transformer models fine-tuned for our task, we decided to combine the output of the three models using the majority voting system, i.e., Hard Voting and Soft Voting. We denote our two ensemble models as \textbf{Hard Voting Ensemble} and \textbf{Soft Voting Ensemble}. \textbf{Hard Voting Ensemble} model takes in the class predictions from each of the fine-tuned transformer models and selects the class with maximum votes. Similarly, \textbf{Soft Voting Ensemble} model takes in the class probabilities from each of the fine-tuned transformer models and sum the same class probabilities and selects the class having higher probabilities sum. Figure \ref{fig:model_image} shows the end-to-end model pipeline used in our experiment.
\section{Experiments and Results}
\subsection{Experimental Setup}
For fine-tuning our transformer models, we set a learning rate of 2e-5 for all our experiments with AdamW \cite{adamw} optimizer and a linear learning rate scheduler. We train our models with a batch size of 8. Our experiments use the Hugging-Face Transformers library \cite{hugging-face} for fine-tuning all the pre-trained transformer models.

\subsection{Evaluation with Validation data}
\label{eval-valid}

In order to evaluate our models, we split the train dataset in an 80:20 ratio where 80\% of the data is the new train data, and the rest of 20\% becomes the validation data as shown in table \ref{tab:proc-dataset}. The split is done in random order while maintaining the same class ratio in both train and validation data.
We train our models for ten epochs and keep track of the validation loss at each epoch. For reporting results on validation data, We use the model checkpoint corresponding to the epoch with minimum validation loss. At the same time, we make a note of that epoch for which we later train our model on the whole train dataset in \ref{eval-test}.

\input{sections/val-table}

From Table \ref{tab:val-results} , we can see that our model ensembling approaches \textbf{Soft Voting Ensemble} and \textbf{Hard Voting Ensemble} outperform rest of the baseline transformer models with Macro F1 score of \textbf{.7682} and \textbf{.7621} respectively.

\input{sections/test-table}

\subsection{Evaluation with Test data}
\label{eval-test}
Following the results obtained in section \ref{eval-valid} , we train our models on the whole train dataset for the best number of epochs identified through the minimum validation loss in section \ref{eval-valid} . These epochs vary from 3 to 6 for each of the three transformer models discussed in \ref{models}.
We submit the test results for three of our models as marked in table \ref{tab:test-tab} which reports the results obtained on the test data. It can be inferred that the test results follow the same trend as was with the validation data. However, \textbf{Hard Voting Ensemble} with Macro F1 of \textbf{0.7253} is slightly better than \textbf{Soft Voting Ensemble} with Macro F1 score of \textbf{0.7223}. However, the overall performance of the model ensembling technique is better than the Indic-BERT, XLM-RoBERTa, and Multilingual BERT by a significant margin where the highest possible Macro F1 score for baseline models is \textbf{0.7031}.

\section{Conclusion}
In this paper, we deal with a novel problem of detecting hateful tweets in twitter conversations where the comment or reply might not be offensive and toxic but contributes to the hate associated with the parent tweet. We performed a thorough experimental analysis with state-of-the-art models such as XLM-RoBERTa, Indic-BERT, and Multilingual BERT to show that pre-trained multi-lingual transformer models can achieve decent performance on this task. We further demonstrate that this performance can be improved with model ensemble techniques such as Soft Voting and Hard Voting. As this problem is dealt with for the first time,  there could be many ways to improve these numbers and build a more robust system by incorporating other factors such as emojis and hashtags, which may equally or partially contribute to the hatefulness of a tweet. Additionally, we aim to explore better architectures for taking into account the context of a comment like parent comment and replies to judge the nature of the comment. Author profiling also would be a potential area of research to detect implicit hate in conversations.

\section{Analysis}

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\centering
\scalebox{0.6}{
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{sections/figures/f1_bar.pdf}
}
\caption{Macro F1 Scores on Test Data}
\label{fig:f1_bar}
\end{figure}

Figure \ref{fig:f1_bar} compares the results in table \ref{tab:test-tab}. It can be noted that the Indic-BERT model has the lowest F1 score among all the baseline and ensemble models. \textbf{Soft Voting Ensemble} and \textbf{Hard Voting Ensemble} models yield better results than all the baseline transformer models. However, merely having a better F1 score is not enough since it is crucial to understand where our approach fails and where it performs better than the baselines.

We start our error analysis with table \ref{tab:misclassify_table} where we have shown the total number of misclassified samples from each class. In addition to it, it has the percentage of total samples misclassified from each class, which helps us develop a better understanding of the direction where models are making more mistakes. Figure \ref{fig:cm_models} shows the detailed results of the performance of each model for samples of both classes. A closer look reveals that Multilingual BERT and XLM-RoBERTa misclassify almost equal number of samples from both classes HOF and NOT where the percentage ranges from 29.35\% to 31.24\%.
However, the case is quite different for Indic-BERT, where the misclassification rate is very high for the NOT class, which is 40.27\% compared to the misclassification rate of 23.30\% for the HOF class. This could also be because Indic-BERT is trained on 12 Indian languages and has a less diverse pre-training corpus than the other two transformer models.

\input{sections/misclassify_table}
\input{sections/confusion_matrix}

As far as our ensemble models are concerned, we observe that the misclassification rate is very balanced for both classes. To compare it with the baseline transformer models, we can see that the ensemble models have the lowest misclassification rate for HOF class ranging between 23\% to 24\%, which was also the case with Indic-BERT, and similarly,  the misclassification rate for NOT class is also close to the lowest among the baseline models.
This suggests that model ensembling minimized the misclassification rate for both classes, and we can further conclude that a single model's mistake is likely to be corrected by the other two models in an ensemble model. However, the ensemble models still make 7-8\% more mistakes in identifying NOT class compared to HOF class.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Chris Christie Smartens Up
Sometimes, the best decision you can makeis to decide to let someone else make the decision.
Chris Christie's decision to call for an October 16 special election to fill the U.S. Senate seat vacated by the late Frank Lautenberg is an extra helping of shrewd. (And if you just made a joke about extra helpings, shame on you for being so damn obvious.) It creates a situation in which the election is a stand-alone thing, which keeps it from helping any Democrats on the regular November ballot. (So much for Cory Booker's coattails.) It further cements Christie's reputation as an independent deal-making Republican that only ever has Jersey's interests at heart. (I suspect they're passing around the bourbon at the Republican National Committee over Christie's decision not to appoint a Republican.) It thus marks him as a forward-thinking prospect when he finally moves up and out. And, not to hit this too hard, but, dammit, it's the right thing to do.
I say this as the resident of a state that produced a special election that produced Scott Brown, but special circumstances require special remedies, and the campaign for Lautenberg's seat needed to happen before November. The Senate's a mess enough right now as it is. It needs to be peopled, and as quickly as possible. If the Democrats don't like it, well, they can go out and win the special election and then work in November. (I decline to be impressed by arguments based on people's political exhaustion. We're electing our fourth senator since 2010. Toughen up, Jersey.) This is a good call and it's the right call, for Christie and for his state. So suit up, ya bastids. Game time.
Exclusive: Prosecutor Is Closing In on Gov. Christie
Senate Republicans Kill a Bill to Expand Veterans' Benefits
Exclusive: Christie Prosecutor Gets Its Star Witness to Start Talking
Chris Christie's Got A Death Grip He Can't Hold On To Much Longer
The Senate Democrats Chicken Out In Nominating Debo Adegbile
The Company Chris Christie Kept


Credit Union, Stephany Joy of Re/Max Humboldt Realty, Almquist Lumber; as well as, The James Irvine Foundation. The audience is asked to contribute nonperishable food items, which the cast collects and donates to local food banks in collaboration with local non-profit, Food for People.
How big is the world? Or should we ask, how small? In a time before the airplane, Phileas Fogg and his right-hand man set out to prove it's possible to travel around the world in 80 days. By train, sea, and whatever forms of travel they can find, their adventures reveal the richness of new places and diverse peoples. But the race against time is a hard one to win, and the two travelers will need all the help they can get along the way. Will they make their journey in time, or will they fail in their attempt?
Alfredo Romero from Mexico, Idit Kischinovsky from Israel and Melanie Schauwecker, Jesse March, Cleo DeOrio, Evan Grande, Kathryn Cesarz and Jordan Rosin from the US.
Show reaches approximately 5,000 – 8,000 people each year, including many school-age children. This production will tour throughout Northern California, with stops in Orick, Arcata, McKinleyville, Eureka, Cave Junction OR, Klamath, Bridgeville, Scotia, Point Arena, Redway, Hoopa, Trinidad and a special performance at Pelican Bay State Prison in Crescent City.
More information can be found at dellarte.com, or phone Dell'Arte at (707) 668-5663. Please email Tushar Mathew at tushar@dellarte.com if you require further information.


text:
PARTY CLOSURES AND MUNICIPAL ELECTIONS MAY ALL OCCUR IN FALL
By: David Romano
On June 20 the Democratic Society Party (DTP) requested and received extra time to prepare its defense in the closure case it faces. The closure case against the DTP was launched by Chief Public Prosecutor Abdurrahman Yalcinkaya in November 2007. The DTP stands accused of praising and aiding the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK), as well as serving as "a center of activities aimed at damaging the independence of the state and the indivisible integrity of its territory and nation" (The New Anatolian, June 17). The party was supposed to submit its defense to Turkey's Constitutional Court on June 26 but was able to postpone its official defense hearing to September 16, claiming that the complexity and extensive nature of its defense case required more preparation time (Turkish Daily News, June 21).
The likely closure of the pro-Kurdish DTP has been largely overshadowed by a similar closure case launched in March against the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP). The AKP is charged with acting as a focal point for "anti-secular activities" in Turkey. When the closure case was opened against the DTP just four months earlier, the AKP government failed to speak out or take any action in defense of the much smaller pro-Kurdish party, which had only 20 deputies compared with the AKP's 341. In May an AKP deputy told Jamestown that his party's failure to defend the Democratic Society Party against closure amounted to a "big mistake, a mistake that weakened democracy for everyone in Turkey." The AKP's protests against the "anti-democratic nature" of judicial party closure thus appeared hypocritical, especially among Kurds in Turkey. The Turkish Constitutional Court has closed 24 parties since it was established in 1963.
Due to the extension given for the DTP's defense hearing, the Constitutional Court's rulings on the two parties' closure cases may occur in the fall for both parties. With nationwide municipal elections also scheduled for the fall, both the DTP and AKP must scramble to contest the elections, defend themselves in the Constitutional Court, and prepare successor parties in case of closure.
In the case of the DTP, a successor party already appears poised to contest municipal elections. On May 9, 42 DTP-linked politicians formed the Peace and Democracy Party (EDM, May 13). The quick formation of a new party appears especially important for the DTP, given that its closure was originally expected earlier than that of the AKP. Two hundred and twenty-one DTP members, including 8 DTP deputies in the National Assembly, also face a five-year ban from politics should the party be closed, compared with the 71 deputies from the AKP that face a ban. In the coming municipal elections, the new Peace and Democracy Party (BDP) will no doubt replace the DTP to form a new pro-Kurdish secular option in Turkish politics.
To some observers both inside and outside Turkey, the Constitutional Court's periodic closing of political parties, followed by their reformation under a new name, appears to be a somewhat pointless exercise. Both the DTP and the AKP are the latest incarnations of almost a dozen pro-Kurdish and pro-Islamic parties, for instance. Although many top party leaders and officials are also banned from politics for five years when a party is closed, they typically designate surrogates until they can re-enter the political arena.
The party closures nonetheless serve several purposes. From a legal perspective, many Turks view the process as an affirmation of the rule of law. Political parties that violate the Turkish Constitution, including its articles guaranteeing secularism and the territorial integrity of the state and the unity of the nation, must be held legally accountable. Since no party or politician generally announces the intent to violate the constitution, each must be judged by its actions and statements after they have already entered the political arena, rather than by their official founding programs or pre-election promises. Those parties judged to have violated the constitution in deed or word therefore face closure.
On a more practical level, the periodic party closings also serve to handicap the political parties that the Kemalist establishment disapproves of, without completely gutting the democratic system. Replacing experienced and popular politicians for five years, creating a new party, renting new offices, reorganizing everything from election banners to business cards, and hiring legal teams to defend a party in front of the Constitutional Court all require a good deal of time, effort and money. Parties not faced with closure cases are meanwhile free to devote all their resources to the next election.
From the perspective of the European Union, however, a party should only face legal closure for advocating or engaging in violence. The current cases against the DTP and AKP have thus come under heavy criticism from European countries and do not help Turkey's EU accession efforts. Additionally, precise definitions of essential Turkish Constitutional principles such as secularism and territorial integrity have proven very elusive. According to AKP deputies, their party is secular. DTP deputies likewise feel that nothing about Kurdish autonomy or federalism undermines the territorial integrity of Turkey. Both parties, of course, will have a difficult time selling their definitions of secularism and territorial integrity to the judges of the Constitutional Court.
GOING FOR A SONG: TURKISH COURT ACQUITS ..Next
A TRAP FOR MEDVEDEV IN THE TNK-BP CONFLI..


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Prestowitz: Ryan's faith-based economics Ryan's faith-based economics...
Prestowitz
Ryan's faith-based economics
Hoover administration Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon's infamous solution for the Great Depression was liquidation, as in his call to "liquidate labor, liquidate stocks, liquidate the farmers, liquidate real estate. It will purge the rottenness out of the system." Who would have thought, in view of the debacle ultimately engendered by Mellon's advice, that 80-odd years ...
By Clyde Prestowitz
SAUL LOEB/AFP/GettyImages
Hoover administration Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon's infamous solution for the Great Depression was liquidation, as in his call to "liquidate labor, liquidate stocks, liquidate the farmers, liquidate real estate. It will purge the rottenness out of the system."
Who would have thought, in view of the debacle ultimately engendered by Mellon's advice, that 80-odd years later, the Republican Party would again make liquidation its main election theme? But that's what Mitt Romney and his party have done by choosing Congressman Paul Ryan as their new candidate for vice president.
Like Mellon, Ryan abhors what he calls "big government" and calls for massive reductions, abolition, and reshaping of government programs like Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and education. This is all in an effort to slay what Ryan and conservative Republicans see as the twin dragons of rising national debt and overly high taxes. In this view, taxes are stifling entrepreneurial spirit and investment while federal deficits and rising national debt are preempting capital, threatening future inflation, and thereby undermining the confidence of investors. In this view, government spending on anything except defense, which Ryan would leave largely untouched, is wasteful and deleterious to the economy and the human soul.
Hoover administration Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon's infamous solution for the Great Depression was liquidation, as in his call to "liquidate labor, liquidate stocks, liquidate the farmers, liquidate real estate. It will purge the rottenness out of the system."
Who would have thought, in view of the debacle ultimately engendered by Mellon's advice, that 80-odd years later, the Republican Party would again make liquidation its main election theme? But that's what Mitt Romney and his party have done by choosing Congressman Paul Ryan as their new candidate for vice president.
Of course, there is a large element of faith involved in this program. It is that cutting "big government" will automatically result in the revitalization of the U.S. economy and the resurrection of the American Dream. What neither Ryan nor Romney nor the Republican Party has done is to show exactly how this is supposed to happen. When confronted with the question of how to draw the line from trillions of dollars of reduced federal spending to millions of new jobs, they can't do more than speak of renewed "confidence" and reduced "fear" of inflation. They have faith that somehow these sentiments will translate into more production and jobs, but they don't know exactly how that might work.
Ironically, Obama and the Democrats have the same kind of faith — only in the opposite direction. They warn of the grave risks of inadequate federal stimulus spending and of the danger of further decline in GDP growth and rises in unemployment if supplementary spending is not approved for unemployment compensation and for support of cash-strapped state-government programs. In this case, it is easier to identify the jobs that will be saved or created by the proposed spending. But there is also a faith that saving these jobs will lead to a jump-start to the economy that will also create booming new production and additional new jobs. When asked, the Democrats can no more describe exactly how these jobs will come about or from whence they shall arise than the Republicans can say the same for the slashing of spending and taxes.
The truth is high-tax, big-government countries like Sweden, Germany, and China are doing well economically and so are small-government, low-tax economies like Singapore, Hong Kong, and Switzerland. The fallacy here is the exclusive focus on macroeconomic elements and policies as the major drivers of growth an employment.
More important are globalization and competitiveness policies. Countries like Germany, China, Singapore, and South Korea that make being competitive a high national priority and that develop structural policies for ensuring their presence in key industries rather than taking job creation on faith tend to do well. Those, like the United States and Britain with a more high-faith approach, tend not to do as well.
The great shame of the U.S. presidential election so far is that neither party is focusing on the main game — real jobs for real people.
Clyde Prestowitz is the founder and president of the Economic Strategy Institute, a former counselor to the secretary of commerce in the Reagan administration, and the author of The World Turned Upside Down: America, China, and the Struggle for Global Leadership. Twitter: @clydeprestowitz
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Abe Slaps America's Face
With his visit to the Yasukuni Shrine yesterday, Japan's Prime Minister Abe just slapped across the face all of Japan's neighbors and all of those countries who think they are its allies. A visit to Yasukuni by any Japanese leader is always problematic because the shrine has become a symbol of pre-war Japanese nationalism. The ...
Does Globalization Mean War?
Do you remember the mantra of the Clinton era officials and commentators on globalization — that free trade would make all nations rich, and that being rich they would become democratic and being democratic they would become peace-loving because democracies don't go to war with each other? In view of rising tensions between China, Korea, ...


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Singulart | Magazine > Art news > Have Researchers Unearthed Frida Kahlo's Only Known Voice Recording?
Art news • Famous faces
Have Researchers Unearthed Frida Kahlo's Only Known Voice Recording?
In Mexico's National Sound Library, researchers may have discovered the world's first voice recording of celebrated artist Frida Kahlo (1907-1954). If the recording is indeed authentic, it will be a major historical discovery.
"We have been waiting for this for a long time," said Pável Granados, Director of the Fonoteca Nacional de Mexico last Wednesday. And so, of course, has the world; Kahlo's voice has always been a mystery, and any suggested traces of her life have been met with much excitement and attention.
The recording is thought to have been made in 1953/54, but was most likely broadcast after Kahlo's death in July 1954, in a program by the Mexican radio journalist Gálvez y Fuentes. Over the coming weeks, researchers intend to verify whether the voice in the tape in fact belongs to a spokeswoman for Frida Kahlo rather than the artist herself.
Melodic memories
"He is a gigantic, immense child, with a friendly face and a sad gaze. His high, dark, extremely intelligent and big eyes rarely hold still. They almost come out of their sockets because of their swollen and protuberant eyelids—like a toad's."
(Translation from Agence France-Presse, originally quoted by Steph Harmon in The Guardian.)
The voice speaking these words is bright, soft and feminine. With Kahlo's characteristic poetic flair, it describes Mexican artist and husband Diego Rivera.
At the end of the clip, the program's moderator attributes the voice to Frida Kahlo. Sonically, it fits the description of Kahlo made by French photographer and friend Gisèle Freund, who once wrote that "Frida smokes, laughs, and speaks with a melodious and warm voice."
Listen to the voice recording attributed to Frida Kahlo.
Too nice for Kahlo?
Nevertheless, doubts have been raised about the authenticity of the recording. Many believe the voice in fact sounds too warm, too tender, almost sweet – not exactly what Kahlo's life's work would suggest.
The artist and activist was born in 1907 in Coyacán (today's Mexico City). At the age of six, she contracted polio and, as a young adult, was victim to a serious traffic accident that nearly cost her her life. From that moment on, Kahlo suffered near-constant pain, representations of which frequently appear in her works. Other commonly cited characteristics include her smoking habit and her tendency to spend a lot of time alone.
"I had expected something slow and pained, dark and moody," British art critic Waldemar Januszczak told The New York Times. "Instead, she's as chirpy as a schoolgirl reading her mum a poem. Where did all the angst go? So much younger and happier than anyone would have thought."
Remembering Kahlo's complexity
But another camp argues against reducing Kahlo's work to the sole idea of vulnerability, and in turn invalidating the recording on the basis of sounding too sweet. After all, Kahlo's art presented many themes outside of pain, loss and angst. Her body of work is much more diverse than is commonly suggested. Its impressive scope and diversity explains why, even having died at just 47 years old, she is one of the world's most famous artists today, and it furthermore reminds us not to dismiss a recording based on what we think we know about her.
We'll leave the authentication up to the technical experts and historians, then.
Until then, take a look at paintings inspired by Frida Kahlo, including surrealist works and original self-portraits, right here on Singulart.
Featured image from the Secretaría Culture del Gobierno de México (@cultura_mx).
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You are at:Home»Alumni/Foundation»Alumni Spotlights»Robert E. and Dr. Eleanor G. Henry Business Scholarship Established at Southeast
Robert E. and Dr. Eleanor G. Henry Business Scholarship Established at Southeast
By Ann Hayes on	 October 1, 2018 Alumni Spotlights, Alumni/Foundation, Business, Campus, Students
The Robert E. and Dr. Eleanor G. Henry Business Scholarship has been established through the Southeast Missouri University Foundation.
Robert E. and Dr. Eleanor G. Henry of Jackson, Missouri, made a significant gift to establish the award.
The renewable scholarship will be awarded to a full-time Southeast junior or senior with a minimum 2.75 grade point average who is pursuing an undergraduate degree in the Harrison College of Business and Computing. The award will provide funds to support one student's tuition, fees, books, room and board. Preference will be given to students demonstrating financial need. The Harrison College of Business and Computing will select the recipient.
Mr. Henry was born in Alton, Illinois, and earned a Bachelor of Science from Shurtleff College and a Master of Business Administration from the University of Iowa. He spent his entire career in the wet-milling industry in various technical and managerial positions. He retired from the H.J. Heinz Company.
Dr. Henry was born in Galesburg, Illinois. She earned a Bachelor of Arts from Eastern Illinois University, a Master of Business Administration from Western Illinois University, and a doctorate from Saint Louis University. From 2002-2014, Henry was a professor of accounting at Southeast.
Both Robert and Eleanor are active in University, community and church affairs.


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MKK Pyra Poznań (Młodzieżowy Klub Koszykówki Pyra Poznań) – klub koszykarski z Poznania, zajmujący się szkoleniem dzieci i młodzieży w tej dyscyplinie sportu. MKK Pyra powstał w 3 kwietnia 1995 roku, a jego głównym celem było propagowanie i rozwijanie koszykówki wśród młodych ludzi.

Osiągnięcia
Brązowy Medal Mistrzostw Polski Kadetów: 2011
Brązowy Medal Mistrzostw Polski Młodzików: 2011, 2014
Wicemistrz Polski Kadetów: 2000, 2001, 2004
Mistrz Polski Kadetów: 2005
Mistrz Polski Juniorów Starszych: 2007
Mistrz Polski Młodzików: 2009
Ponadto klub wychował kilku członków kadry narodowej oraz reprezentantów Polski w swoich kategoriach wiekowych oraz kilkunastu zawodników grających na parkietach I ligi.

Zobacz też
 PBG Basket Poznań - drużyna seniorów Pyry w latach 2001-2007

Linki zewnętrzne
 Strona klubu

Kluby koszykarskie w Poznaniu
Kluby koszykarskie założone w 1995

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Wesley Campus Ministry at KSU, Manhattan, KS, seeks 2019-2020 Resident Life Director. Oversees Christian residential environment. Includes administration, programming, policies, communications, services, personnel management.
Bachelor's degree & Residence Life experience preferred; equivalent experience considered. Strong organizational, verbal, written communication skills required.
Part-time, 11-month position, 7-1-19 to 5-31-20. $15.00/hour, up to 25 hours a week. Housing provided: single room on 1st floor of residence hall (students live on upper floors). Includes utilities, laundry, internet. Total compensation/benefits package estimated at $26,000.


See the improv all-stars of Austin, The Known Wizards, headline this improv comedy showcase with spontaneous scenes, hilarious games, surprisingly good songs, and fantastic stories all made up on the spot based on audience input. You say it, we play it–like magic!
6:30 PM Free Improv Comedy Jam: Come by the Kleberg Lobby for some drinks and snacks while the Merlin Works instructors lead guests through some fun, short-form warm up games before….
The Known Wizards work their magic at WaffleFest!


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Fake News: Government Did NOT Announces Every UK Home Must Have Gender-Neutral Toilet by 2021
Do homes in the U.K. need to have a gender-neutral toilet by 2021 unless they want to face a £5000 fine? No, that's not true: it was a rumor that originated on a satire website.
The story originated on the Southend News Network on March 29, 2018 and was titled "Government announces every UK home must have gender-neutral toilet by 2021" (archived here) and opened:
A spokesperson for the Department of Agricture and Equalities has confirmed that every home in Britain will be required to have a designated gender-neutral toilet by the end of March 2021.
Junior minister for the DAE Julian Fin De Cloche told a packed press conference that it was time for every home in Britain to provide an inclusive and non-discriminatory toilet environment.
Mr Fin De Cloche added, 'From March 2021, if you invite someone into your home to use your facilities and they would rather not be pigeon-holed into a 'Gents' or 'Ladies' toiletarial classification, you could be liable for a £5000 fine if you only have a toilet that has been aligned to a particular gender.'
There is no "Department of Agricture and Equalities" and "Fin De Cloche" is just a literal French translation of "bell-end" (a slang term in the UK for a part of the male anatomy or an idiot). The Southend News Network has used that same name before in another story.
This story looked superficially like a real news article when viewed in isolation on social media:
Government announces every UK home must have gender-neutral toilet by 2021
A spokesperson for the Department of Agricture and Equalities has confirmed that every home in Britain will be required to have a designated gender-neutral toilet by the end of March 2021. Junior minister for the DAE Julian Fin De Cloche told a packed press conference that it was time for every home in Britain to...
We wrote about southendnewsnetwork.net and some of their satire articles that were believed to be real before:
Fake News: Corbyn NOT in New Anti-Semitism Row After Asking Man At Bus Stop: "What time's the bus Jew?"
Fake News: Government Did NOT Confirm All UK schoolchildren Must Learn Arabic Numerals (Only Now...)
Fake News: Chinese Restaurant Owner NOT Arrested Over Cat in Window Doing Nazi Salute
Fake News: UK Parents Will NOT Be Fined for Every Child Missing School Because of the Snow
Fake News: BBC Did NOT Add Permanent Arabic Subtitles to Eastenders to Help Refugees Settle In
The Southend News Network is a satirical site pretending to be a news organisation by the English coast in Southend. They have a disclaimer on their about page that reads (in part):
Southend News Network was originally started in October 2015 with no real aims or objectives in mind other than to add a satirical/spoof-like touch to issues that people are passionate about in Southend On Sea. Above all else, SNN is all about having the occasional 'dig' at the powers that be, as well a slightly bigger and more frequent 'dig' at certain elements of local media!
Several of their stories have been mistaken for real news in the past and the site was recognized by the local authorities as an "official news outlet".
https://leadstories.com/hoax-alert/2018/03/fake-news-government-announces-every-uk-home-must-have-gender-neutral-toilet-by-2021.html
https://leadstories.com/hoax-alert/2018/03/fake-news-government-announces-every-uk-home-must-have-gender-neutral-toilet-by-2021.html Click this link to copy it to your clipboard
Lead Stories co-founder Maarten Schenk is our resident expert on fake news and hoax websites. He likes to go beyond just debunking trending fake news stories and is endlessly fascinated by the dazzling variety of psychological and technical tricks used by the people and networks who intentionally spread made-up things on the internet. He can often be found at conferences and events about fake news, disinformation and fact checking when he is not in his office in Belgium monitoring and tracking the latest fake article to go viral.
Read more about or contact Maarten Schenk
Previous Article Fake News: Paracetamol Has NOT Been Banned By The NHS Next Article Fake News: Stormy Daniels NOT Pregnant With Bill Clinton's Baby


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Poetry and Chemistry
"Two sides of the same coin": Chemical equations and lines of poetry share more than you might think
We wanted to explore different avenues for the students to engage in, to give them ways to find out their passions and get out of the lab a little. Grad school can be isolating at times."
Kevin Kohlstedt
Chemistry professor
By Lisa Stein
What could the hard science of chemistry and the expressive art form of poetry possibly have in common? They comprise two different languages — one dealing with molecules and the other with the human heart.
Yet, as Weinberg College faculty, students, alumni and a visiting Nobel Prize-winning chemist discussed at a "Day of Poetry" in January, lines of chemical equations and lines of poetry share more than you might think.
"Chemistry and poetry are two sides of the same coin for me," said Kat Lee '17, who graduated with degrees in chemistry and creative writing. "They both study how forces push us around and make us act the way we do."
In particular, Lee says, her training as a crystallographer has taught her to look for and replicate patterns, a perspective that informs her creative writing.
"I'm always committed in my scientific work and poetry to finding out how things connect to one another," she added.
A visit from a Nobel Prize winner
Lee was one of several poets and chemists reading and discussing poetry at the event, which featured Mark Ratner, professor emeritus of chemistry; Neil Snider, a visiting scholar in chemistry; and English professor Averill Curdy, among others.
Ratner and chemistry professor Kevin Kohlstedt organized the event around a visit by Roald Hoffman, professor emeritus at Cornell University, winner of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1981, and a poet and playwright. Although the event was originally planned as a discussion within the chemistry department, Ratner and Kohlstedt decided to broaden its scope and engage Weinberg College poets.
"On one level we wanted to have a discussion on how poetry and science intersect, with science serving both as a topic within the poetry and as a point-of-view from which to discuss poetry. These discussions are all too rare in the science community," Kohlstedt said.
"On a deeper level, we wanted to ask the question, how does poetry influence the way we think about our understanding of chemistry? And we wanted to explore different avenues for the students to engage in, to give them ways to find out their passions and get out of the lab a little. Grad school can be isolating at times."
Connections between disciplines
One poet who participated in the event was Curdy, whose poems are inspired by intellectual and scientific history. "It's valuable to make scientific and aesthetic connections between different disciplines within the humanities, rather than having them walled off from each other," she said.
Ratner read poems by Wallace Stevens, his favorite poet, and his own work on topics as diverse as waiting in line at airport security and the chaos of existence. At one point Ratner showed a slide that contrasted chemical equations written by himself and those of Hoffman, which were much shorter.
"[Hoffmann] has always been a master of simplification," Ratner said, laughing.
He added that he was surprised by how many of his colleagues wrote poetry, which highlights the importance of such interdisciplinary events. "The more of them, the better."


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