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Home » All Teaching Resources & Lesson Plans » Civics Test Prep Game Show & Review Sheets: Origins & Purposes Law Government
Civics Test Prep Game Show & Review Sheets: Origins & Purposes Law Government
SKU: 968bb36811ca Categories: Social Studies, Civics & Government Tags: 6th Grade, 7th Grade, 8th Grade, 9th Grade, Civics, Games, Printables, Social Studies - History, Test Prep, U.S. History
Subject: Social Studies - History, Civics, U.S. History
Grade Levels: 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th
Resource Type: Test Prep, Printables, Games
Teaching Duration:
Civics Test Prep Game Show & Review Sheets:
Origins & Purposes of Law and Government
Is your civics class reviewing for a mid-term, final exam, or end of course exam? This resource includes thirty test formatted questions in a Game Show in PowerPoint, as well as a pdf file of the same questions. The included questions cover Florida Standards for Civics SS.7.C.1.1 – SS.7.C.1.9 and SS.7.C.3.10.
There are a total of 30 questions, 6 questions in each category. The categories are: Influences, Colonial Times, A New Nation, U.S. Constitution, and Law. The general topics covered are:
Enlightenment Ideas
Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists
Sources and Types of Law
There 30 questions are also included in a pdf file. Each category was typed on its own page(s), so that teachers can select to print all of the categories or just a few. The pdf file could be used in a number of ways: as a review sheet to be used as the game is played, as a second review of the same material, or as a review for an absent student.
Please note that the game show does not work in Keynote.
American History Interactive Notebook Exploration – Reconstruction Bundle 8th Gr
U.S. Geography & ELA Integrated Bundle: Reading, Writing & Social Studies
Learning Styles, Multiple Intelligence & Left Right Brain Flap Book Icebreaker

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Home / Legal / What is GDPR and Why you should worry about it.
GDPR abbreviated for General Data Protection Regulation. If you are in marketing domain then you have surely heard this term.
The General Data Protection Regulation is the name of European Union Data Privacy Law. It will be come into force on 25th of May 2018.
Note:- GDPR is applied to you if you have customers from EU.
2. If you don't follow the Guidelines of GDPR then you will surely get punishment from Europian Union. Which will depends on the type of violation, You will incur fines of up to €20 million or 4 % of your annual revenue.
The GDPR is come into force because of the irregularity in user data mining and processing. Marketing companies get the private data of users such as email id, name and contact number for one work and then Process the data for another work even sell their personal data for profit.
That kind of marketing tactics now not work with GDPR.
If a user subscribe your newsletter and give you its email id. Then you can only send him newsletter not the promotional garbage.
If you wants to send newsletter with promotional email then you should describe it accordingly.
Thus, GDPR will break some traditional way of marketing and data processing.
This regulation is applicable to all companies which has the user base of European Union nation. It doesn't matter where the consumer resides. If he is from European union then he can sue you If you found guilty against GDPR.
If a company found guilty or disobey the rules then it will be penalized. The Punishment can 20 million Euros or up to 4 percent of their annual global turnover. In some cases, Penalty will be less. Thus companies will follow the guidelines due to strict penalty.
The consent will as simple as possible and easy to understand And a user if he wants to get rid of then he can do it easily.
Audit your website or Services to see if there any issue with GDPR.
Get the help of third party companies. Which helps you to implement GDPR in your services. Companies such as Blackduck Software will help you to compile the guidelines.
For more Legal Information on GDPR. Go to the official website.


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Let's go back in time. In this museum, you will find all sorts of things from Efteling in bygone days. For example, the designer's drawings. As well as old puppets. And that's really super interesting!
Efteling museum has a main entrance. But did you know that there are secret doors to the museum?
Chances are you'll come across a former Efteling employee at the Museum. Feel free to ask a question. They know (almost) everything about Efteling!


Tom Burger will give the free presentation, "Homegrown Hero: The Life of Benjamin Delaheuf Foulois" on Sunday, December, 21 at 1:00 pm in the Wykeham Room of the Gunn Memorial Library and Museum in Washington, Connecticut.
Benjamin Foulois is of one of Washington's most famous residents. Growing up in Washington, and attending The Gunnery, Benjamin Foulois always had a thirst for adventure and glory. While being expected to enter the family plumbing business, Ben ran away from Washington, enlisted in the military, and left his mark by becoming the Chief of the Army Air Corps in World War One, a leader in the creation of the Air Force, and most importantly, the first military aviator in the United States Armed Forces.
The contributions of General Benjamin Foulois are still visible today, in both his small hometown of Washington, Connecticut and especially in the world of military aviation.
The exhibit, Over There: Washington and The Great War, will also be open for viewing in the Gunn Museum from 12-4pm, the day of this presentation. The exhibit shares the story of Washington, Connecticut's contributions to WWI. The exhibit and associated programs are supported in part by a grant from the Connecticut Community Foundation.
Admission to the presentation and exhibit is free. The snow date is Sunday, December 28. The Gunn Library and Museum is located at 5 Wykeham Road, at the intersection of Wykeham Road and Rt. 47, on Washington Green. Call the Museum at 860-868-7756 or view www.gunnlibrary.org for more information.


The Modern Railways/Railway Forum Fourth Friday Club provides a unique networking forum for executives from all sectors in the railway industry. There are club meetings on five Fridays in each year, the season running from October to June.
In today's fast-moving, fragmented railway industry networking is the key to business success- you need to keep your ear to the ground to discover what your customers and competitors are up to. The Fourth Friday Club provides the ideal opportunity for busy executives in the UK rail industry to learn about the latest developments from our top-level speakers while keeping up to date with the topics of the day by networking with colleagues from other firms from every sector of the industry. Meetings take place in convivial surroundings at a hotel in central London .
The club provides the opportunity for high level networking within a strictly controlled tike frame - a valuable attribute when executive diaries are increasingly pressed. Unlike conferences, which are expensive and usually require one or more days to be given up, the Fourth Friday Club takes a defined two-hour lunch-time slot at the end of the week when schedules are often less busy.


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TEXAS RANGER CAPTAIN JOHN R. HUGHES
EL CORRIDO, THE TWO SIDES OF THE SONG
ODESSA: COWTOWN TO BOOM TOWN 1881-1926
UNCOVERING THE TRUTH ABOUT THE PORVENIR MASSACRE
COMANCHE CHIEF QUANAH PARKER COMES TO THE BIG BEND IN SEARCH OF PEYOTE
REMEMBERING THE PORVENIR MASSACRE
OLD RIOT, NEW RANGER: CAPTAIN JACK DEAN, TEXAS RANGER AND U.S. MARSHAL
ARVEL RODOLPHUS PONTON: FATHER OF MEDICINE ON THE TEXAS SOUTH PLAINS
PORVENIR MASSACRE MARKER DEDICATION
PORVENIR MASSACRE AND THE HANDBOOK OF TEXAS
WAR IN EAST TEXAS: REGULATORS VS. MODERATORS
HIGHER EDUCATION IN TEXAS: ITS BEGINNINGS TO 1970
BEN THOMPSON: PORTRAIT OF A GUNFIGHTER
THC PORVENIR MASSACRE HISTORICAL MARKER GOES TO THE FOUNDRY
CAPTAIN JACK HELM: A VICTIM OF TEXAS RECONSTRUCTION VIOLENCE
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TO MY READERS: HOW TO USE THE BLOG
MORE ON NATHAN FULLER
Friday, November 21, 2008, 09:55 AM
On Friday, November 21, 2008, 09:41 AM, Monty Waters wrote:
Gary Owen asked for more information on Nathan Fuller. I can supply some.
He notes some confusion about Fuller's re-enlistment in May 1918. This occurred at the height of the Porvenir investigation and decision to dismiss those involved. "General Order No. 5", dated June 4, 1916 had several purposes: first to discharge the five rangers, still on the payroll that participated in the Porvenir operation; second, to transfer the remaining Co. B rangers to Captain Gray's Company D; third, to reassign Fox to Austin; and finally, to terminate Co. B as a unit. Fuller was one of the rangers reassigned to Co. D. This letter was sent at the time Fuller's application was pending to re-enlist in Co. B, which is why his warrant still reads "Co. B", though by the time his warrant was endorsed by the Adjutant General, Co. B ceased to exist. Fox's reassignment to Austin never occurred because he resigned with a very public letter to the Governor. The well-known photograph of the mounted ranger company is often labeled Company A, but on the date the photograph was taken, Gray was captain of Company D.
Fox was a controversial captain, but he did hold Fuller in high regard. In an October 15, 1917 letter listing men under his command, Fox praised Fuller, Beard, Trollinger, Woelber, and Holden as the only rangers of his group that had over one year service with him and whom he considered "alright in every respect . . . sober and honest". He listed a total of 13 other rangers in this letter, quite and expansion from the Sept. 1917 payroll seen by Owens. All the other rangers were new enlistments (Boone Oliphant resigned in Sept. 1917; he re-enlisted in December), though some of them had law enforcement experience.
Fuller resigned Feb. 11, 1920 sending a letter to the Adjutant General highly critical of Captain Gray. He complained that Gray put him (Fuller) under the supervision of a less experienced ranger, P.F. Dyches. Not only was Dyches inexperienced, but he an another ranger had recently suffered the embarrassment of losing a handcuffed prisoner to armed Mexicans near Lajitas. Fuller wrote: "I told Gray I wouldn't work under Dyches. I will not work under no man who let a few mexicans come to this side and shoot him loose from a prisoner, in broad open daylight, and the prisoner hand cuffed."
But Gray had other complaints about Gray: He'd "done more lectionring [sic] the last two months than the man he wants to be elected. It is well known he has brought all the pressure possible to force the rangers to vote for Jeff Vaugn [sic] for sheriff. In fact he publicly stated that all rangers who did not so vote would soon be hunting a job." Finally Gray was hypocritical on the subject of alcohol: He was "always harping on the booze question, when he buys as much or more than any man he has under him, this is not hear say [sic] I know what I am telling."
The last two items in the indictment require some explanation. Presidio county had for ten years been a county that was partly wet (legal alcohol sales) and partly dry (alcohol prohibited). For instance, in 1918 the legislature made it illegal to sell liquor within ten miles of a military base, thereby making Marfa "dry." Needless to say some people found ways to slake the thirst of the men stationed near Marfa, despite the law. On October 18, 1919 the entire state became "dry" a year prior to the rest of the United States. Thus bootlegging, which had always existed, became even more lucrative. Gray believed the Presidio County Sheriff, Ira Cline, was protecting the activities of his bootlegging brother, Buford.
He was also using ranger [Jefferson Eagle] Vaughan to investigate the involvement of the Clines and other ex-rangers in a sensational robbery of a Mexican payroll officer near Marfa on July 30, 1919. Though several law enforcement officers were implicated in this crime in internal federal and state documents, no indictments or convictions were ever brought against the perpetrators. It is possible that Gray had very good reason to wish Cline out of office. Or it is possible that, for political reasons, he wished to have him connected with any criminal activity occuring in the county.
In any event, Fuller resented the pressure to support Vaughan and Gray's hypocrisy on the issue of alcohol. Vaughan did win election over Cline in 1920 by a very close (33 vote) margin. Cline blamed the votes of the recently enfranchised women voters for his defeat. This may've been a factor, for Vaughan was a tall "matinee idol" type of ranger and one of the models Zane Grey used for his novel "The Lone Ranger". He served as sheriff until 1927, and eventually became a ranger captain in the 1930s.
Nathan Fuller never served as a regular ranger again but he did obtain a "special ranger" warrant, which was basically a permit for him to carry a gun, when he went to work in 1922 as a railroad detective for the I&GN railroad. He held this warrant from August 22, 1922 to January 5, 1923. This warrant was endorsed by Captain Jerry Gray who either did not know of Gray's 1920 letter to the Adjutant General; forgave him for it; or had no choice but to endorse a warrant that in many cases was awarded through the governor's office.
I came across most of this information in my research on my grandfather AG Beard, who served with Fuller in Co. B. Sources:
"Texas Adjutant General Service Records 1936-1935" (online)
Harris and Saddler, "The Texas Rangers: The Bloodiest Decade, 1910-1920" (Univ New Mexico, 2004"
Alvarado, "Ira Cline-Disciple of Law" (1972, on the Marfa Public Library web site)
Thompson, "History of Marfa and Presidio County" Vol II, (1985)
Texas Legislature, "Proceedings of the Joint Committee of the Senate and the House in the Investigation of the Texas State Ranger Force" (typescript, 1919, microfilm copy at the University of Texas, Center for American Studies)
Stopka, Christina; Partial List of Texas Ranger Company and Unit Commanders; (2005, Texas Ranger Hall of Fame and Museum) www.texasranger.org/ReCenter/Captains.pdf.
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by Enrico Galoppini We propose here an essay by Enrico Galoppini The mysterious object. The image of Islam in Italy in between the two World…
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Who Manoeuvres the "Islamic Modernists"? A Focus on Libya
by Enrico Galoppini "Timbuktu is in the hands of Islamic fundamentalists". This is what newspaper headlines and agencies wrote in early July 2012, reporting the…
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Enrica Perucchietti & Gianluca Marletta, The Factory of Manipulation, Arianna Publ., Bologna 2014
by Enrico Galoppini What is The Factory of the Manipulation about which Enrica Perucchietti and Gianluca Marletta write in their last book, La fabbrica della…
Economic globalization: "Swindlers of the world, unite!"
by Enrico Galoppini Paraphrasing the famous Marxist motto (which is as far removed from my feeling as any other form of reductionist-economistic thought that claims…


Virtually no legal drug in American history carries as much fear as Thalidomide. A wonder drug, imported from Germany in the late 50s, that would help calm the nerves – even being prescribed for morning sickness among pregnant women.
But the drug had not been properly tested, and the side effects were devastating. Thousands of children, across the world, born deformed – arms, legs. The drug was taken off the market and banished.
But the Thalidomide story doesn't end there. It turns out another use has been found, and this villain that caused so much suffering may have a second chance at becoming the wonder drug that was promised. How could this comeback occur? Is it worth the risk?


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Dav Mar Condos in Siesta Key FL
Condos for sale in Dav Mar, which is located in Siesta Key, FL, are displayed below and updated multiple time a day from the MLS.
If you are interested in any of these Dav Mar condos, you can request more info or schedule a showing from the detail page of each listing. We have access to the past sales history, property disclosures, and the local knowledge to help you interpret them. We can also provide you with the dates and prices of properties that have recently sold nearby in Siesta Key.
And for your convenience, register for a free account to automatically receive email notifications when new Dav Mar condo listings come on the market that match your search criteria.
Siesta Key has long held its reputation for being a vacation destination. It has been estimated that around 18,000 tourists flock to this barrier island each year to escape the cold winter and the island receives guests as well during the summer months. But although it is true that Siesta Key is home to some of the best beaches in the world, it's not just any other tourist spot. Siesta Key also features a friendly community making it perfect for those who are looking for a great place to permanently reside in.
This eight-mile barrier island's main attraction is its three beaches. The triumvirate starts off with Siesta key Public Beach which features the most amenities including concessions stands, gift shops and tennis and volleyball courts. In fact, Siesta Key Public Beach is known to host various volleyball tournaments throughout the year. Crescent Beach on the other hand is known for Point of Rocks, one of the most stunning diving sites in the gulf. Lastly, Turtle Beach's charm rests in the tranquility of the area.
Siesta Key has a number of traditions or events which it celebrates annually. An example of this is the Siesta Key Craft Festival. This event occurs yearly and is currently on its 18th year. Another Siesta Key tradition is its celebration of Siesta Fiesta which features breathtaking paintings, sculptures and almost any other work of art. Admission to this event is free and visitors get the chance to interact with local artists. Prices of creations range from $25 to $30,000 and everyone is sure to have a grand time even the kids.
For those who fancy investing in Siesta Key real estate and are going through various Siesta Key condos for sale, the search will not be complete without taking a look at Dav Mar at 214 Calle Miramar. This quaint residential complex is composed of six beach cottage style units. Built in 1982, the smaller units measure around 450 square feet while the larger residences have a floor space of 982 square feet. Prices of these units start at around $149,000 and can go as much as $368,000. Most of the Dav Mar condos for sale have two-bedroom layouts.
Although Dav Mar might not have the conventional amenities like a swimming pool, what it lacks it makes up for with exclusivity that is often lacking in most condominium developments. In fact, each unit comes with a private backyard. At the same time, Dav Mar is close in proximity to Crescent Beach and residents need only walk half a block get to the beach.
Dav Mar is just a short distance from Siesta Key's shopping districts including Crescent Beach Village and Siesta Key Village. For more commercial establishments, residents need only to cross the nearby bridge to get to downtown Sarasota where more shops and facilities await.
Siesta Key Searches
Acreage Properties
Boating Properties


After creating and running a new report, click the Save As... button to save a copy of the currently-selected report options.
In the resulting Save As dialog, give your report a new name, provide a description (to be displayed in the report directory, and optionally in the Summary section of your report results), mark the report as a favorite report, and select the sharing options for the report.
The Share With control allows you to specify the other users in Jira who will be able to use the report. The default sharing options populated in this control for new reports can be configured by your Jira administrator.
The Not shared option makes the report visible only to you.
The Everyone option makes the report available to all users. If your Jira instance is configured to permit anonymous access and the report is added to a dashboard gadget on a public dashboard, this report will also be viewable by anonymous users (those who have not logged in). Dataplane always respects other Jira permissions, so in order to be usable by anonymous users, the underlying dashboards, filters, and projects must also be visible to anonymous users.
The groups/projects field allows you to select any number of Jira groups and/or projects to share the report with. If you select a Jira project for sharing, any Jira user who has "browse" access to the project will also be permitted to view the report.
If you are using Internet Explorer 8 or 9 and you have already run the current report when clicking Save As, you will need to re-run the report to see the chart again. This restriction does not apply to users of other browsers (including Internet Explorer 10+, Firefox, Chrome and Safari).
Once you have saved a report once, the Save As... button will change into a Save and Save As... combination button. To quickly save any changes you have made to the configuration of the current report, simply click the left half of the Save button, and your changes will be saved instantly with no further interaction required.
Instead, if you wish to save your most recent changes as a new report, click the arrow on the right-hand side of the Save dropdown, and then click Save As from the dropdown menu. Any changes you made will be saved to the new report and they will not have any impact on the originally-loaded report. The new report can also have its own description and sharing options.


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Tech Mahindra 675.70 (-0.32%)
Home Infrastructure
Gujarat's discom model for power should be duplicated across India, says ex-coal secretary Anil Swarup
Government needs to be complimented on last mile power connectivity: Swarup
State governments have been handing out charity at the cost of DISCOMs: Swarup
Performance of government in DISCOM sector has been abysmal: Swarup
Latha Venkatesh
@latha_venkatesh
Sonia Shenoy
@_soniashenoy
Anil Swarup, a former secretary in the Ministry of Coal, Harry Dhaul, director general of Independent Power Producers Association of India (IPPAI) and Dr. Pramod Deo, former chairperson of CERC discussed the prospects of the power sector.
"We will be in serious trouble if the health of DISCOMs (distribution companies) does not improve," Swarup told CNBC-TV18 on Tuesday.
According to Swarup, Gujarat's DISCOM model should have been duplicated across the country.
"Irrespective of the fact whether you are creating that ability to deliver power at the lowest level if you do not have power and the DISCOMs are not capable of buying more power, how are they going to deliver it and this results in lower consumption of power as growth is only 4 percent. It also reflects perhaps the manufacturing sector but even otherwise DISCOMs are not in a position to buy more power," he added.
Talking further about the power distribution companies, Deo said, "Electricity for all practical purposes is a state subject. After all, the state government has to finally face the election and also they had to look after their political interest. The problem comes in – they have been doing charity at the cost of the DISCOMs. What they have been doing is that they are asking DISCOMs not to raise tariffs, not to raise the rates and continue to supply electricity. DISCOMs cannot borrow because their borrowing capacity is very low now. That is why the Ujwal Discom Assurance Yojana (UDAY) was a very welcome scheme where it put the responsibility on the states. It asked the states to take over their debts. However, after that, again the same situation started and that is why we are facing this issue."
According to Harry Dhaul of IPPAI, DISCOMs are not improving the quality of service because of lack of competition.
Tags Anil Swarup CERC Interviews Pramod Deo Ujwal DISCOM Assurance Yojana (UDAY)
Bombay High Court quashes nod to Mumbai's Rs 14,000 crore...


BERLIN (Reuters) - Less than a week after Helmut Kohl's death, a row has broken out between his widow, his sons and his political party over the funeral and legacy of the Chancellor who led Germany through the end of the Cold War and reunification.
Der Spiegel reported on Thursday that his second wife, Maike Kohl-Richter, had tried to prevent Chancellor Angela Merkel, his one-time protege, from speaking at his memorial service and instead proposed a vocal critic of her, Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban.
The young, liberal Orban was mentored by Kohl in the early years after the 1989 collapse of East European Communism, although as prime minister of Hungary he has steered an anti-EU, authoritarian course that many say is at odds with Kohl's legacy.
Kohl-Richter has also clashed with his estranged son Walter, who said he was barred from visiting the couple's home to discuss funeral arrangements on Tuesday, a claim denied by his widow's lawyer.
The Christian Democrat has been lauded as the statesman who seized the opportunity of collapsing Soviet power in Eastern Europe to win a prize few believed attainable: the reunification of East and West Germany.
Next week he becomes the first person to be honoured with a European memorial service for pushing for deeper European integration that led to the birth of the European Union and the common euro currency.
But Kohl became increasingly isolated after leaving office in 1998, his legacy tarnished by a party financing scandal involving illegal anonymous donations.
He remarried in 2008 after first wife Hannelore's 2001 suicide. Thirty-four years his junior, Kohl-Richter jealously guards his legacy, keeping reams of official papers in their marital home.
Kohl also grew estranged from former political allies. Merkel was never forgiven for finally plunging in the knife at the time of the funding scandal. Then the party's General Secretary, she effectively dispatched Kohl with an article in a prominent newspaper in which she said the party must "learn to fight without the old warhorse".
Many questioned whether it was really an increasingly frail Kohl who was close to Orban, a nativist critic of Merkel's open-doors refugee policy, whom he received in his Oggersheim home last year when she was under fire for opening Germany's borders to Syrian refugees.
Orban has campaigned to "stop Brussels", home to the EU's headquarters, which he has compared to Moscow. Russian troops occupied Hungary for more than 40 years. But he was fulsome in his praise for Kohl's life-work.
"His visage is still before me, my dear friend Helmut's valedictory look, as he repeated: 'Europe, Europe'," Orban wrote in a condolence letter to his widow.
Kohl-Richter has been talked out of her objections to Merkel. A government spokesman confirmed that Merkel would speak at the Strasbourg memorial service on July 1.


At the end of 2009 was conducted testing of modules MKVM-300. This material was used for lining of tundish preheaters at the oxygen-converter workshop. Since January 2012 till present tundish preheating stations have been operated using ceramic fiber modules MKVM-300 only. The service life of one preheater is 1.5 month.


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Q: How to use API code from QRCode-Monkey in simple way? I want to ask about how to use the API code from QRCode-Monkey to generate simple QR Code.
The documentation is just telling you the request URL, method, and body request, without telling us how this is should be performed?
The Request Body is a JSON, where or how should I put them in my simple HTML?
Request URL : /qr/custom
Request Method : POST
Request Body :
{
 "data":"https://www.qrcode-monkey.com",
 "config":{
  "body":"circle",
  "logo":"#facebook"
  },
 "size":300,
 "download":false,
 "file":"svg"
}

Thanks guys.

A: It depends what language you are using.  There is full documentation at https://rapidapi.com/qrcode-monkey/api/custom-qr-code-with-logo
You can either use GET or POST.  Here's a snippet using JavaScript's fetch
fetch("https://qrcode-monkey.p.rapidapi.com/qr/custom?size=600&file=png&config=%7B%22bodyColor%22%3A%20%22%230277BD%22%2C%20%22body%22%3A%22mosaic%22%7D&data=Hello%20World!", {
    "method": "GET",
    "headers": {
        "x-rapidapi-host": "qrcode-monkey.p.rapidapi.com",
        "x-rapidapi-key": "YOUR-SECRET-KEY"
    }
})
.then(response => {
    console.log(response);
})
.catch(err => {
    console.log(err);
});

You will need to sign up to RapidAPI to get an API key.

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text:
Cooperella är ett släkte av musslor. Cooperella ingår i familjen Petricolidae.

Kladogram enligt Catalogue of Life:

Källor

Musslor
Cooperella

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text:
AC System Giveaway
We participate in FPL's Energy Savings Program. Ask us if you are eligible for a FPL rebate.
Sales & Installation
Department of Energy Update: How will the New Regulations Impact Your AC Unit?
Jan 19, 2023 | Comfort on Porpoise Podcast, HVAC Installation
Charlie McDermott:
Welcome to Comfort on Porpoise, sponsored by Dolphin Cooling & Heating, who have been providing 24/7 Comfort on Porpoise since 1998. Well, welcome back to the show as they say in the Dolphin Studios where it truly is Comfort on Porpoise. We have Lauren here. Lauren, how are you doing?
Lauren Willeford:
Good. How are you today, Charlie?
I'm doing terrific. And for those listening for the first time, they're going, who's Lauren? Who's Charlie? I'm Charlie. I'm the producer/co-host, and we have Lauren who kind of runs the show there. And that's always important, especially when it comes to air conditioning. You want to work with someone who can run the show and, and train great folks and, and get them there when you need them. So it's kind of nice weather time. Are you catching your breath? It's for our listeners, it's early December. We've had some cool evenings. What's going on there?
Yes, we're catching our breath a little bit, as you can probably imagine. It's been very crazy since September 28th when we had Hurricane Ian roll on through Southwest Florida and leave a wake of destruction behind. We actually started promo because so many people were impacted between people's homes, flooding, people losing their homes entirely, sustaining damage. We're still running our promo, it's called a hurricane AC checkup. Normally it's $99 if you call us and we send a checkout to try and diagnose your system, find out what's going on. So we're offering this hurricane AC checkup to everybody who's impacted, it's $69. Technician will come out, go through the system, check it over, assess if it did sustain any damage, what it is, what it would be to repair it, or if you know everything is okay and you got really lucky and you weren't impacted by it.
So we still have that running. And we are also taking on more customers up in the Fort Myers area, which was hit even harder than us here down in Naples. Because we know there are so many people up there, and even though there are a lot of AC companies, each company can only do so much. We definitely want to help out. We've been through it ourselves. Some of us here had some damage. My mother-in-law lost her home. So, we're right there with them. We know it's been a rough couple of months as we've tried to put ourselves back together. I know you understand that as well.
Oh, yeah. Oh yeah. Yeah. So in our case it's obvious. We had two units, as you well know, you guys did a wonderful job. Barb and I were just talking last week about how great our units ran and we lived there for seven years. You know our story, I think we covered it in previous episodes.
We went through all kinds of different folks who didn't have the answer. You find out the hard way one night and two in the morning, it's like 85 degrees in your bedroom. You're like, ah, what's going on here? And man, you had those units, like fine tuned and, and we could depend on them, but of course we lost both of those along with the house.
So, that's the obvious. I mean, duh, you know we're gonna need AC units at some point when we rebuild, but then you have maybe the not so obvious. We had water, don't know how much it got into the unit. I'm guessing that's the perfect individual that should get someone to take a look, huh?
Yes. If they don't know how much water got into the unit, if it was affected, if it was hit by any debris that might have been traveling in the water or blown off a building nearby. So we have gone out, we've looked at different units. Some were fully submerged, and oftentimes in those cases they do need to be replaced just because of how much water was in them. Then some, they took on a little bit of water, but we were able to clean them and test everything and everything was okay. So it really does depend, but it's certainly worth it to at least get it checked and make sure that there's nothing going on there that could potentially cause you a problem a little later on at an inopportune time.
Like you just had, at two in the morning when your house is 85 degrees, or we've got the holidays coming up, right. There's nothing worse than the day before you're expecting company, or when the company gets there, the AC goes out and you're like, oh no! Oh, this is the worst timing. So I wanted to mention that cause we were still running that promo.
Department of Energy Update
The big thing that I wanted to share with our listeners is, and I don't know how many people know this, the Department of Energy changed how systems are rated for efficiency. So right now, people hear the term SEER, okay? It's the Seasonal Energy Efficiency Rating. So they're changing that. And the way they're changing it is how they test the systems to get these ratings.
So right now, the way they were testing was with duct work. That's what the air moves through to get through your house. That had a 0.1 inches of water column, which really is not realistic. Point five inches of water column is typically like a standard. So they've changed it. So the Department of Energy has said, when you test your equipment, now you need to test it based on 0.5 inches of water column or static pressure. And it has to achieve X. And so it's going from right now, which they call C or C one, it's changing to C2 and it's affecting anyone who's recently either had an AC replaced or had an AC repair, they may have heard from their contractor. Unfortunately, your part is not in stock and it's back ordered, or unfortunately that equipment is not available, we won't get it for a month or two, or they've discontinued that.
There's been a lot of that going on, and I know it's caused a lot of angst. For consumers, it's been very frustrating. We haven't been able to get certain things quickly from the manufacturer. There's been an equipment shortage, a parts shortage and part of that is tied to this change because all the manufacturers (Trane, Reem, Rud, Lennox, Carrier, Bryant, American Standard, Day & Night, Comfort Maker, Goodman, York, you name it), they're all having to change.
As of January 1st, and this is a hard date for us, everything that's on the market now that does not meet the new CO2 rating and with the new CO2 rating, everything I believe has to be rated at a C, it's either 14.7 or 15.3. I'm going to have to look that up. That's the minimum. So right now it's tier 14.Now it would be this.
So as of January 1st, we can't install any equipment that doesn't meet this near new CO2 rating. And so people are probably listening saying, well, you know, why is that important to me? My AC contractor's going to sell me what I need. And yes, that's absolutely true. We would not sell you something that doesn't meet the Department of Energy's regulations and therefore we can't sell it and/or install it. But the reason it's important to you is because if you have an older system right now, as much as I know people don't love to spend extra money around the holidays, now is a great time to change your AC system and replace it. And to replace it with what's currently available on the market, which is still going to be a great system. I don't want people to panic who recently replaced their system and they're like, "Oh my God, well I don't have a C2".
It only has to do with what is sold come January 1st. But with this big change that's coming, January 1st is also going to be a very big change in pricing. And that's why I say now is a really good time for people who do have a 10 year old system who've recently, or maybe it's not quite 10 years, but it's getting there. It's been eight or nine years and you've recently had a major repair, like you replaced your evaporator coil and you had to replace a compressor. Now is really the time to look at getting that new system because as we get into the new year, we have already been informed there are going to be significant price increases. We've been steadily getting price increases almost quarterly every year. So at a minimum, we've been getting four price increases a year over the last two and a half to three years.
Typically they'd be anywhere between 7-10%. We're being told by several manufacturers, not just one, but several, that some of these price increases could get up to as much as 50%, five zero of what they presently are. We do also offer financing. Financing can get you a good low monthly payment. We have different financing options depending on what you qualify for. But now would definitely be the time to seriously consider replacing your AC system before we kind of move into this new year with the new equipment and the significant price increases that we are going to see on quite a bit of it. So we like to share that information with customers so you can be educated, you can feel like you know what's going on, and if now's not the right time for you, now's just not the right time for you.
The equipment will be there for you and the financing options will be there for you as well. But if you can, you could definitely save yourself quite a bit of money by investing now versus waiting until the system completely fails or it comes outside of that 10 year manufacturer part warranty, which is why I say 10 years because of the manufacturer part warranty. Your labor's not covered, your refrigerant is not covered, but the parts, like major parts like evaporator coils and compressors or motors, at least that part is covered, which oftentimes saves the customer hundreds or thousands of dollars on the repair versus if it's not covered under warranty. And then they've got to pay for the part plus all the extras, the labor, the refrigerant, miscellaneous materials, et cetera, et cetera.
So while it's exciting and people will be more energy efficient, you'll get more savings probably on your electric bill, which is fantastic. But if you want a little bit more savings for your pocketbook, now might be the time to consider doing that.
Okay. Wow. So a few things just since you're, you're sharing that and, and something that impacts me, but, but I think timing is huge here. And by the way, I mean, we're talking about Hurricane Ian. We've been through Hurricane Irma, God knows what Mother Nature has to store with us or forest down the road.
Oh God, I hope nothing next year. I don't want to relive that anytime soon.
But what you're doing with the post hurricane inspection is awesome, I think really important. But then when you add what the Department of Energy is doing, now is the time to figure out what's going on. I guess it's easy now at the core whether, I mean especially at Christmas time, who wants to write a check for X amount of dollars for anything rather than a Christmas present, so I get that.
But better to understand what's going on now and have that conversation, whether it's with Lauren and, and the team at Dolphin Air or another. Again, I know we have folks over Florida who are listening to this, but the other part that triggered me to take some notes here is, as I mentioned with the hurricane, we've lost two units. When it comes to the insurance claims standpoint, if I don't factor that in now, I might get 50% less times two units when the insurance reimburses me. So that's really important. So I'm glad you're getting this message out here because I was not aware of that.
Yeah. So, we're hoping that they're not going to be as high as they say they are, but they're telling us to prepare us. So the right thing to do is to share it, to prepare everybody else. And you're absolutely right, Charlie, with you guys with your house, with your insurance, it's something to consider and it's something to talk to your insurance adjuster about and try and get it factored in. Because there's nothing worse after everything that you personally have gone through that then insurance comes back and at the end of the day, it's not covering as much. It certainly makes it difficult and I know you're not the only one in that situation. There's a lot of people out there right now that are dealing with the same things.
Well, I really appreciate you sharing that. Always something new with you, this is always informative. Well, hey, until the next episode, you have a wonderful holiday there.
Thank you. Hope that everyone listening has a great holiday and an awesome new year. Hopefully 2023 is a great year for everybody in southwest Florida.
Absolutely. See you Lauren.
Bye Charlie. Thanks!
Thanks for listening to Comfort on Porpoise. To learn more about our sponsor, Dolphin Cooling & Heating visit www.dolphincooling.com or call 239-596-9044.
How to Prepare Your HVAC for Summer
Giving Back… The Hurricane Ian AC Giveaway
Our New Referral Program: Dolphin Bucks
How to Reset an Air Conditioner When It's Not Working
Dolphin Cooling & Heating has been providing Naples, FL and the surrounding areas with "Comfort on Porpoise" through reliable air conditioning service since 1998.
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The Winchester Churches Nightshelter (WCNS) is open 365 days a year offering an essential lifeline to those who are struggling with homelessness through provision of safe, high quality accommodation and food, support and access to counselling, medical and other services. We exist to help as many people as possible into successful independent living and to raise public awareness about those suffering from homelessness.
References to WCNS, 'we' or 'us' means The Winchester Churches Nightshelter, registered Charity No: 1080443 of Jewry Street, Winchester, SO23 8RZ. For the purposes of data protection law, WCNS is the data controller with conduct of your personal data.
Some of the data we collect about you will be personal data. Personal data is information which identifies you, whether directly or indirectly.
Additional information regarding collection of employee data will be provided in our Employee Privacy Notice.
The personal details required to allow us to provide you with the advice and support that you have requested. This may cover your full name and contact information, your date of birth, employment and financial details, family, lifestyle, medical and social circumstances.
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We will keep all your case information – including notes, letters and information given to us about you – in a confidential record that is specific to you. We use a password protected Microsoft Access database to support our service. This means that we can keep the information you provide to us, so we are able to see the history and relevant details of your case(s). This ensures that we provide appropriate and accurate advice or support. We take information security very seriously. No one is allowed access to our database system or files except WCNS staff and approved office volunteers, and no one will be allowed access to your information unless they need this in order to provide the service to you, or for one of the other purposes discussed in this notice. Our database remains on site with a back-up record held by our Computer Services provider, ensuring that the data remains secure, with access by approved personnel only.
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As well as personal information (such as your name, address and data of birth) we may collect sensitive personal information (also known as special categories of data) of which may include Racial or Ethnic origin. We use this data to ensure services are delivered appropriately and to monitor Equality, Diversity and Inclusion. We will apply additional security and confidentiality measures when processing your sensitive personal information, and we will ask for your specific informed consent at the time of collecting this type of data. Where you provide consent for us to process sensitive personal information, you have the right to withdraw this consent at any time.
We will keep all your information in a confidential record that is specific to you. We use a password protected Microsoft Access database to support our service. We take information security very seriously. No one is allowed access to our database system or files except WCNS staff and approved office volunteers, and no one will be allowed access to your information unless they need this in order to provide the service to you, or for one of the other purposes discussed in this notice. Our database remains on site with a back-up record held by our Computer Services provider, ensuring that the data remains secure, with access by approved personnel only.
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We would love to keep you up to date with our fundraising, marketing and campaign activity. We will obtain your consent to contact you by email, phone, SMS or post. This allows us to send you the information and fundraising appeals we believe you may be interested in.
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We use appropriate physical, electronic and organisational measures to keep your information secure, accurate and up to date. Although we use appropriate security measures once we have received your personal information, the transmission of data over the internet is never completely secure. We cannot guarantee the security of information transmitted to our website, so any transmission is at the user's own risk.
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At the time figuring out a house design and even which furniture is needed, maybe choosing window curtains is not a complicated issue. There are several motifs and colors of curtains that can be selected. This no doubt can make it easier for you to match the window curtains with the design of the place. There are many kinds of window curtains you need to know before installing them in a room.
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$100/hr for all coaching sessions after the first session.
Phone, Skype and on-set sessions available as well.
Ask about our two Karma Scholarships for both coaching sessions and classes.
Coaching sessions and acting classes available at the same rates for Child Actors with our Child Actors' coach/teacher.
Location: Mar Vista, Los Angeles 90066.


With Fashion Flu you can stay in contact with the latest trends in the world of fashion. See what are the hot colors of the season and dress accordingly to our specifications.
The official AutoStyling blog with advice on various 4x4 accessories such as hardtops and tonneau covers.
CowCow.com is one of the leading platform for custom products. CowCow.com provides a platform allowing members to create online stores to sell their designed products. CowCow.com is now having 300+ product types, all products can be instantly previewed on the website in real time. All orders are made on demand, exactly based on the preview of the products, within 24-48 hours.
Label Planet's blog includes posts about all things label; from choosing the right material or adhesive for your project, to designing and printing your labels.
Find the best vaporizers of 2017.
Australian nursing and medical store catering for the aged care sector.
Use our services in order to make your garage better. With one of our doors you can get access with ease to your garage thanks to the electrical equipment that will power the door.
Our diagnosis equipment can be used in your shop to make the life of your mechanics easier. You can use our equipment to diagnose the cars compatible with our system.
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Read expert reviews before making the purchase decision. Be it mattress or LED light,we have you covered.


Dan and Emma's celebrations started with a pre-wedding feast in one of the farm's barns, complete with bats and nesting swallows. They married in a twelfth century church about a mile away and then returned to the farm for their reception.
Queensberry Overlay Matted albums are contemporary 'no-edge' albums, a simpler, more modern take on the classic matted album. Pages are mounted overlay style, with the photo mounted behind a card frame, and with clean cut edges.
Dan and Emma chose a 10x7 album with wrap-around cover, in cappuccino leather.
One of our goals with Musée was to redefine Queensberry's "best": to begin a series of Special Editions that stand alongside - and apart from - our standard albums and take our product to even higher levels in terms of materials, design, artisan skills and exclusivity.
Our standard album range is like a paint box from which you can choose to paint a masterpiece. There is a huge selection of colours, materials, cover and page styles to choose from.
Musée is not a paint box, it's a style. The palette of colours, materials, decorative details is rich but defined, chosen to suit the Musée idea.


June 1, 2016 – Construction of the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope is on schedule for operations in 2020, it was reported today at the American Astronomical Society's Solar Physics Division conference. When complete, it will be the highest-resolution solar telescope in the world.
The Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) is under development on Haleakalā – the highest peak on the Hawaiian island of Maui. The National Science Foundation (NSF) is funding the facility, which is under development by the National Solar Observatory (NSO) based in Boulder, Colorado. NSO is hosting the Solar Physics conference.
Focusing so much sunlight on the telescope's science instruments creates significant challenges. The telescope will gather 13 kW of power – approximately ten times that of a typical household's use in an entire day. Protecting the sensitive electronic components from melting or even evaporating requires advanced cooling techniques. This cooling will be especially needed for the advanced adaptive optics (AO) system that will remove image blur introduced by the Earth's atmosphere.
Monitoring space weather is crucial as our society increasingly relies on technology that is susceptible to damage from these large space events. Scientists have successfully measured the solar magnetic field strength close to the Sun's surface, where the field is relatively strong. Higher in the solar atmosphere, in a layer called the corona, the magnetic field weakens to the strength of a refrigerator magnet. DKIST will be able to detect this weak field.
DKIST's capabilities will usher in a new era of solar physics.
NSF funds DKIST through a cooperative agreement with the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA).
In addition to providing ground-breaking data, DKIST will change how ground-based solar data is distributed.
"DKIST has an open data policy, enabling community users to freely and openly access the entirety of available data. Any person looking to increase their understanding of the Sun will have access to a unique data resource; this is unprecedented in ground-based solar physics," explains Dr. Valentin Martinez Pillet, NSO Director.
The DKIST Data Center will be located in Boulder, Colorado, where data will be shipped via optical fiber directly from Hawaii. Regular science operations of DKIST are scheduled to begin in early in 2020.


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Q: getting panel color I have a program where i have a button to change the background color to red and another button to set back the default panel color.
How do i get back the default color for panel??

A: Store the default color to a variable in constructor or before changing the color with the other button, ie:
Color defaultColor = panel.getBackground();

And in your default color button:
panel.setBackground(defaultColor);

A: Make sure you call JComponent.setOpaque(boolean) for the component you're working with.... some Swing components default to opaque == false and just show the color of whatever is behind it (e.g. a button in a textured panel).


Amy's mother describes her daughter as an articulate and talkative little girl; a mature young lady from the time she was a toddler.
Swimming, playgrounds and visiting the beach are just some of the things Garcia missed out on while battling a hematologic disorder. At just five years old, this young boy is grateful for every memory he shares with his family and friends.


angelsforprofit.org has expired. The data items displayed on this page are the last ones that were collected.
2/16/19: transferred from ns73.domaincontrol.com. and ns74.domaincontrol.com. to ns35.domaincontrol.com. and ns36.domaincontrol.com.


Taking place from 3-14 December 2018 in Katowice, Poland, COP24 starts next week and the World Green Building Council (WorldGBC) is finalising its plans for participation.
WorldGBC will be representing our global network of Green Building Councils at the COP24 climate talks and advocating for a sustainable built environment in order to meet climate goals and limit global warming to 1.5 degrees above pre-industrial levels.
For more information about the agenda and key issues of COP24, please read this overview document.
*Please note you do NOT need COP24 Accreditation to attend this event.
Looking forward: financing multilevel action.
As an official affiliate event of COP24, the 9th annual Sustainable Innovation Forum 2018 will open with an innovation day providing thought leadership, deep-dive discussion, capacity building and networking on four key themes: Circular Economy, Energy Transition, Sustainable Mobility and Climate Finance. While day two will deliver further high level policy discussion and debate, structured and informal networking and inspirational keynote speeches by leading ministers, cities, multilateral organisations, investors and private sector vendors and solution providers.
WorldGBC has been offered up to 20 complementary tickets for its members and partners to attend the Sustainable Innovation Forum.
Join the leading forum for business and investment-driven solutions to climate change, organised in parallel to the annual UN climate negotiations. World Climate Summit – Investment COP will strengthen bottom-up processes, collaboration across sectors and industries, create new deal flows, and facilitate climate related project development. This multi-stakeholder forum is expertly positioned to support the UN Global Climate Action Agenda, and the implementation of the 2015 Paris Agreement. The forum annually gathers 1500+ delegates, of which 500+ are high-level decision makers from governments, cities, corporations, commercial and institutional investment banks, international expert organisations, civil society and more.
To move towards a carbon-free and sustainable future, governments and cities across the globe needs to look at the role of 'Buildings'. Buildings are one of society's greatest energy consumers representing almost 40 per cent of all energy used. Today, many of the solutions already exists, which is why the Danish companies VELUX, ROCKWOOL and Danfoss have decided to focus on the theme of Buildings to raise an important agenda on the roles of buildings when we want to solve our global climate challenges. This will be done through a half-day conference during the COP24 in Katowice, Poland, at the Danish shared pavilion.
Register using this link and enter the code 'DKBUILDINGS'. As seats are limited, please sign up as soon as possible to secure your participation.
For more information on COP24 Katowice, visit http://cop24.gov.pl/ and follow @COP24 on Twitter for further updates.


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Vicipaedia Latina: Encyclopedia and Community
Posted on August 20, 2015 by Chris Francese
USING THE LATIN WIKIPEDIA IN INTERMEDIATE AND ADVANCED COLLEGE LATIN CLASSES
by Anne Mahoney, Tufts University, anne.mahoney@tufts.edu
[note: this article is re-published from The Classical Outlook 90.3 (Spring 2015), pp. 68-90. Thanks to the author and to CO's editor Mary English for permission to do so.]
Most people are aware of Wikipedia, the open, collaborative encyclopedia. But Wikipedia exists in over 280 languages, not just English, and one of the larger versions is in Latin. Vicipaedia, the Latin Wikipedia (http://la.wikipedia.org), has over 100,000 articles on topics ranging from Gaius Valerius Catullus to Dinosauria to The Simpsons. It is a good general encyclopedia, written in good classical Latin. It's also a world-wide community of Latinists. In this essay, I will introduce Vicipaedia and give some pointers on working with it: reading, researching, or editing.
I. Overview
Vicipaedia Latina is moderately large, one of the fifty largest Wikipedia versions, with over 108,000 articles. Though it's only about 1/40th the size of the English version, measured by number of articles, it's about 1/18th the size of the Dutch, German, Swedish, and French versions and 1/10th the size of the Spanish version. There are about 40 very active editors and 300 regular contributors, making hundreds of edits every day. Vicipaedia contains all of the "1000 Articles Every Wikipedia Should Have," a list compiled by the broader Wikipedia community. Articles in Vicipaedia are generally not translations from English Wikipedia, but are freshly written in Latin.[1]
Wikipedia, in any language, does not pretend to give the final word on any subject — rather the opposite, in fact. It is a reference work, not a work of scholarship, intended to give general orientation to a subject, with pointers to other resources. Within those limits, Vicipaedia does a very good job; its information is accurate, and every article is required to cite sources, to have links both to and from other Vicipaedia pages, and to have links to resources outside Vicipaedia — assuming they exist: after all, not everything in the world is on the Web. English Wikipedia has more and longer articles, but Latin Vicipaedia, like all the other official Wikipedia versions, maintains the same standards of quality. Wikipedia is one of the best general encyclopedias currently available,[2] and certainly the most convenient; its Latin version is not only a useful reference but a significant work of neo-Latin.
Vicipaedia covers the same range of articles as any general-purpose encyclopedia, but, not surprisingly, it is particularly strong on subjects in classical antiquity. For example, the article on Caesar is long, with illustrations, a time line, and links to copies of Caesar's own works and Suetonius's life (outside Vicipaedia). On the other hand, the article on George Washington is much shorter and that on Louis XIV of France shorter still; both of those rulers have major articles in English Wikipedia.
Just like all the other Wikipedia versions, Vicipaedia is a collaborative encyclopedia. Anyone can edit pages, either anonymously or with an official user name. A group of magistratus (called "admins" or "sysops" in English Wikipedia), elected by the community, oversees the project, sending greetings to new users, checking for problems, and so on. Several automated jobs run over the system as well, verifying that pages conform to the basic standards. For example, if a page has no links to other Vicipaedia pages, or no links from other pages, an automated job will notice this and put a flag on the page to notify users of the problem.
Regular contributors to Vicipaedia are classical scholars, teachers, students, and other interested people from all over the world. Some of the most prolific editors are in France, Germany, Switzerland, the Philippines, Taiwan, Britain, Austria, Finland, Canada, and various parts of the US. Our native languages include English, French, Italian, Finnish, Spanish, Hungarian, and German. Some write under our real names, some use aliases or nicknames, and some remain anonymous. We can discuss Vicipaedia and particular articles at the "Vicipaedia Taberna" (a page for general discussion), the discussion pages associated with each article, and users' own discussion pages. On those pages, conversation takes place both in Latin and in other languages, most often English and German. Vicipaedia is run by consensus; if something needs to be done, users just do it, or if it's a large or complicated task, we begin by proposing it on a discussion page. Anyone interested joins in the discussion, and once everyone is agreed on what to do, we work together to make the changes. For example, last year a user proposed redesigning the front page. He made a mockup and raised the question in the Taberna. Over the next month, a dozen users discussed the appearance of the page: how to greet users, how many columns to use, what other features should be added. When everyone was content, the new design was put in place.
The first version of Wikipedia was in English, created in January 2001, but versions in other languages followed quickly.[3] Latin Vicipaedia got its first articles on 25 May 2002: Nuntius, giving a brief list of sources for news in Latin; Mensis, defining the term and giving the Latin names of the months, starting from March in Roman fashion; Suecia, because the editor adding these pages was from Sweden; and Iasser Arafat, for whom the entire content at first was "Jasser Arafat praesidens Palaestinensium est." At the end of its first year Vicipaedia had just a thousand articles. By the end of 2006 it had ten thousand, and during 2007 it began to grow more rapidly. The hundred-thousandth article arrived on 18 December 2013; it was Iosephus Škoda, a brief sketch about a Viennese doctor, 1805–1881. At this writing Vicipaedia has 108,307 articles.
Vicipaedia is not the first on-line collaborative encyclopedia in classics; the Suda On Line started in 1998 and has involved over 150 translators, editors, and programmers.[4] But whereas Suda On Line contributors "must request authorization and must ask to be assigned specific entries" (Mahoney p. 100), access to Vicipaedia is entirely open. Anonymous users contribute every day. And while the Suda On Line is finite and bounded, since it is a translation of and commentary on the existing Byzantine encyclopedia, Vicipaedia is unlimited: it accepts articles not only on classical antiquity and the Bible, like the Suda, but on everything from movies to types of cheese.
II. Reading Vicipaedia
So how can you use Vicipaedia? First, let's look at how it works. We begin with the front page:
The pull-down menus labelled Ars & litterae, Scientia, Societas, Technologia, and Lingua Latina give access to high-level, general articles that are good starting places. For example, under Scientia are links to such articles as Chemia, Mathematica, Anthropologia, and Philosophia. The front page also shows the month's featured article, picture, and sound, all chosen by Vicipaedia's contributors. The featured article here, Gerasimus Lebedev, is about an 18th-century Russian scholar and theater producer; the Latin article is much longer than the article about him in English Wikipedia. Featured articles of recent months have included Plato's Theatetus, Litterae Civitatum Foederatarum, Canada, and Feles. Below the Pagina Mensis is a section of news, with recent headlines. Key words in each section of the page are hyperlinks to articles within Vicipaedia.
At the top right of this page, and of every Vicipaedia page, is a search box. If you enter the title of an article here, you'll go directly to that article. Articles often have alternate names — the page whose official title is Publius Ovidius Naso is also called Ovidius and Naso, for example — and if you search for something that is not the name of a page, you'll get a list of pages whose names match your search terms. Here, for example, is a search on "meow," which shows that this phrase appears in the articles Feles and Communicatio felium, not surprisingly:
For each page you can see a snippet of the text near the search word, the size of the page in kilobytes ("chiliocteti") and words, and when it was last changed. There is also a link that would allow you to create a page called Meow.
Finally we come to the articles themselves. Here is a short one by way of example:
The title of the page, at the top and in the browser titlebar, is Quintus Ennius. Some words in the text of the page are hyperlinks to other Vicipaedia pages, such as poeta; these are blue. Others, in red, are links to pages that do not yet exist, such as praetextatas. The page has an illustration, showing Ennius as Raphael imagined him in his painting "Parnassus," and Raphael's name in the picture caption is also a hyperlink. A reader — perhaps an intermediate Latin student — who doesn't know some of the terms in the article, like Naevius or Magna Graecia, has only to follow the links to learn more.[5]
At the far right of the page title, just above the illustration, is a small dot. On this page it's a green dot, indicating that this page is in good Latin. Other pages may have a red dot, indicating that the Latin is not good, or a larger notice indicating that the Latin is positively poor. Some pages have a yellow dot (or no dot at all), which means that no one has yet judged the quality of the Latin. The convention is that editors don't grade their own pages, but may grade pages they haven't written; everyone is encouraged to fix grammatical errors.
At the bottom of the page are names of categories, connecting related pages. For example, Ennius is in the categories of "Poetae Latini" and of "Nati 239 a.C.n." The category names are hyperlinks to lists of other pages in the same category — other Latin poets, for example. Categories can belong to other, more general categories, as "Poetae Latini" belongs to the categories "Poetae" and "Auctores Latini." They can also include narrower categories, as "Poetae Latini" includes "Poetae Latini Brittaniae." Thus the category structure classifies Vicipaedia's articles by topic, helping readers explore a subject, drill down for more detail, or broaden scope to more distantly related areas.
At the left-hand side, under the heading Linguis aliis, are links to the parallel page in other Wikipedia versions. We see that there are articles about Ennius in Esperanto and Basque (Euskara), among other languages. When you move your mouse over the name of a language, you'll see the name of that language's page and the English name of the language. For example, if you mouse over "Euskara," you'll see "Ennio — Basque" next to the mouse pointer. A list like this appears in the left sidebar of every page in every Wikipedia version, and you can use it as a quick-and-dirty multi-lingual dictionary: for example, from the English page "Cat," the links show you that a cat is called chat in French, pōpoki in Hawaiian, paka-kaya in Swahili, mèo in Vietnamese, and, of course, feles in Latin.
The Historiam inspicere link next to the search box above the page title shows the revision history of the page. From the history, we see that this article has been edited 71 times, by fourteen named editors, five anonymous editors, and fifteen automated processes. When it was first created, in May 2003, the article contained a single sentence: "Q. Ennius, poeta, morit. CLXIX ante Ch." The text was expanded in June 2006; the illustration was added in September 2011. In February 2008 it was judged to be good Latin, and marked accordingly.
You can use Vicipaedia to get general background on a subject, as you'd use any other encyclopedia. Of course, since it is an encyclopedia, students shouldn't be citing it in scholarly papers, just as they shouldn't cite Encyclopedia Britannica or other print encyclopedias. But to find out when Ennius lived, or other basic facts, Vicipaedia is convenient. It's particularly useful if you're preparing a mini-lecture in Latin, for example about an author a class is just starting to read.
Students can also read the articles on their own. Here is one exercise I have used with intermediate-level students (third semester in college):
You have read the story of Lucretia from Valerius Maximus and from Eutropius, and will next read the version from Titus Livius (usually "Livy" in English). Look up each of these authors in Vicipaedia and answer the following questions about them:
Quando vixerunt hi scriptores? Quis est maximus natu, quis minimus?
Quid scripserunt?
Ubi vixerunt?
Quid significat "annales"? Qui inter hos scriptores annales scripserunt?
Libri horum scriptorum non omnes sunt annales. Quid et quales sunt alii libri?
Follow one link within Vicipaedia from each of the three articles. Which link did you choose? What did you find there? (Links that go out of Vicipaedia are marked with a small arrow — don't use those for this purpose.)
Using the "historia" of the pages, identify three named Vicipaedia users who have worked on these articles; find real people, not users with "bot" in their names. Who created the pages? Who was the most recent editor? Look around at their user pages: what can you say about these users?
In this exercise, students are introduced to Vicipaedia and asked to gather information from articles. They are also encouraged to explore: following links within pages, looking at the history of a page, looking at users' pages. This exploration not only demonstrates some of the tools and conventions of Vicipaedia (and Wikipedia in general) but also gives them a chance to read a bit more Latin.
A later exercise in the same semester was designed to expand students' awareness of Latin literature:
Return to Vicipaedia Latina. Read the pages entitled Litterae Latinae and Certamen poeticum hoeufftianum; explain briefly what each is about. Choose one name from each page that you don't already know about (and for which there is a page in Vicipaedia — a blue-linked name rather than a red link); follow the link and read the resulting page. Which names have you chosen? What have you learned about them? You may write these answers either in English or in Latin.
The two pages named here are largely lists of authors. Litterae Latinae says a bit about the main periods of Latin literature, then lists authors from each period. Certamen poeticum hoeufftianum describes the competition, held from 1844 to 1978, and lists all the winners.[6] Students were surprised to find out how much post-classical Latin literature there is, and how many authors they'd never heard of. While articles about major authors like Vergil and Ovid can be quite long, the articles about other Latin authors are generally shorter, so this is a fairly tractable assignment for intermediate-level students.
III. Editing Vicipaedia
In more advanced classes, I have asked students to contribute to Vicipaedia. To do that, it's necessary to learn how editing works. Anyone who knows Latin is encouraged to edit, just as anyone who knows English is welcome to contribute to English Wikipedia. Students should probably wait until they can write a reasonably correct paragraph — editing Vicipaedia isn't necessarily a good exercise in Latin 1 or 2 — but high-intermediate to advanced students often enjoy contributing, interacting with other editors, and creating something generally useful.
To get started editing, simply click the "Recensere" link at the top of almost any page. Vicipaedia's "visual editor" lets you work with the text of a page much as you would in a word processor. It's also possible to edit the wiki markup directly (with the "Fontem recensere" link) but this is rarely necessary.
The editing display looks much like the page itself, with a couple of tools at the top. Note that the browser title bar now says "Recensio paginae," to remind you that you are using the editor.
The "Paragraph" tool lets you create section and sub-section headings. The underlined capital A gives a list of character format options: bold, italic, and so on. The next image, which looks like a couple of links of a chain, lets you add a link to another Vicipaedia page. If you click on a word that is already linked, you will see the name of the target page. If you select a word or phrase that is not yet linked, then click this tool, you can supply the name of another page to be linked to, by default exactly the same as the word or phrase you've selected. The next tool lets you add a list, like the one-element list under "Vide etiam" in this page. The "Insert" tool helps you add special characters, illustrations, mathematical formulas, or other unusual features. Finally, next to the "Abrogare" button is a tool for page options, in particular for adding the page to suitable categories. Once you've made changes, the "Save page" button at top right will be available, and when you click that, your changes will be saved and immediately visible to other readers.
What should a page contain? The conventions for Vicipaedia articles are documented at Vicipaedia:Praefatio and the pages linked there. Pages should always start with a definition or identification of the headword; this is called the "A est B" convention. Examples are "Feles est species parvorum mammiferum carnivorum familiae Felidarum," or "Arithmetica est disciplina numerorum." Ideally, a page should include an illustration, references to sources outside Wikipedia (whether on line or not), and links to other pages within Vicipaedia.
Vicipaedia maintains lists of pages needing particular kinds of improvements, and these can be good places to start editing. Students may expand on short pages (called "stipulae" or "stubs," and in Categoria:Stipulae and its sub-categories), correct poor Latin (see Categoria:Latinitas), add captions for images (see Categoria:Imago sine descriptione), and so on; see Categoria:Corrigenda for a general list of categories of pages needing work. Of course students may also add pages, particularly pages that are linked but do not yet exist (shown as red links).
Here is an assignment I have used with advanced classes:
In this assignment, you will add an article to Vicipaedia, the Latin version of Wikipedia. Begin with the article Quintus Horatius Flaccus. Find a link either in that article, or in an article linked from that article, to a page that does not exist (the link will be red), and create the missing page. Your article should be at least 50 words long, preferably at least 100, so choose a topic about which you can write that much.
Some tips on the process:
If you don't already have one, create an account for yourself, so that your edits can be identified. Do this with the "conventum creare" link at the top of the page. If you already have a global account in Wikipedia, it will also work in Vicipaedia.
If you have not edited Wikipedia before, read the usage information, in the English or Latin versions. If you have not edited Vicipaedia, even if you have edited English Wikipedia or the versions in other languages, read the help text specific to the Latin version. Begin with "Adiutatum" under "Communitas" on the left side of the screen. The information about conventions for writing neo-Latin is particularly useful. The page Lexica Neolatina has links to an assortment of on-line dictionaries.
Set your preferences using the "Preferentiae meae" link at the top of the page: you can change the interface language (Latin is fun, but English is OK too), indicate your gender, change the look of the screen, specify how dates and times should be displayed (24-hour or 12-hour clock, and so on), and tweak the default options for searching. I recommend you set the editing options to remind you about the edit summary you should add whenever you update a page; this is under "Mensura capsae verbi."
Create your new page, following the standard editorial conventions. When you click on a red link you will get a new, empty page to start work in. An article must start with a sentence of the form "Nomen est …," using the name of the person or thing you are writing about and marking it as boldface.
Make sure to cite sources, including Horace's text or whatever else is appropriate.
Mark the page as belonging to a suitable category, using the Category tool from "Page options" at the top of the page.
At the top of the page, use the "Insert" tool to insert either the template L, to indicate that you are reasonably confident of the grammar and style of the page, or tiro, to mark the page as written by a beginner. In either case, another user will (sooner or later) edit the page and assign it a level of latinitas.
If possible, add a suitable illustration; use "Insert" and "Fasciculus" to get a rudimentary keyword search of available illustrations. There may or may not be a suitable illustration, depending on the topic you've chosen.
Save your page. The next day, come back to it and look at changes other users have made.
They will correct things or indicate things that need correcting. Fix, refine, improve, and continue to monitor changes made by the rest of the Vicipaedia community. You are encouraged to edit each other's pages; I myself will not edit your work before the assignment is due.
Don't hesitate to ask the editors for help if you need it, using the "disputatio" link on the page you're writing, the Vicipaedia taberna linked from the sidebar, or other help links scattered through the system.
Students doing this for the first time generally add fairly short articles, but useful ones. They are also delighted to receive the traditional Vicipaedia welcome message on their user pages, and to see that other users have read and improved their new articles.
Vicipaedia is an encyclopedia, a Latin resource, and a community, and it grows every day. Anyone who knows Latin can read it and contribute to it. I've used it with undergraduate and graduate students in classes ranging from Latin 3 to a graduate composition course. In this article you've seen some of the things it can do, and some of the things you could do with it.
Dalby, Andrew. The World and Wikipedia: How We Are Editing Reality. Somerset: Siduri Books, 2009.
Giles, Jim. "Internet Encyclopedias Go Head-to-Head." Nature vol. 438 (15 December 2005), 900-901.
Giustiniani, Vito R. Neulateinische Dichtung in Italien, 1850-1950. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag, 1979.
Helmlinger, Julien. "La déclinaison en latin de Wikipédia dépasse les cent mille pages." ActuaLitté, http://www.actualitte.com, 24 January 2014.
Lih, Andrew. The Wikipedia Revolution: How a Bunch of Nobodies Created the World's Greatest Encyclopedia. New York: Hyperion, 2009.
Mahoney, Anne. "Tachypaedia Byzantina: The Suda On Line as Collaborative Encyclopedia," Digital Humanities Quarterly 3.1 (2009), http://digitalhumanities.org/dhq/, reprinted in Changing the Center of Gravity, ed. Melissa Terras and Gregory Crane, Piscataway: Gorgias Press, 2010, 89-109.
[1] I will use "Vicipaedia" to refer to the Latin encyclopedia, and "Wikipedia" to refer to the project in general, in English and in other languages.
[2] On the quality of English Wikipedia see Dalby p. 220, Lih p. 208, and Giles p. 900-901.
[3] Lih gives the timeline; creation of Wikipedia p. 64, of other language versions p. 139, and chapter 6 generally. The hundred-thousand-article milestone was noted for example by Helmlinger.
[4] Mahoney 2009 is an overview of the project; her section "SOL and other projects" (p. 100-104 of the 2010 reprint) compares the Suda translation to Wikipedia and similar projects.
[5] This is presumably obvious to experienced web users, but occasionally students don't realize it, and pull out another reference work or do a brute-force web search to get a gloss for a name, rather than just clicking the Vicipaedia link right on the screen. So if you're using Vicipaedia with a class, it's worth pointing out that blue words link to more information.
[6] For a general description of this competition see Giustiniani p. 6, 15, 99-108.
Posted in how tos, pedagogy, Uncategorized	| Tagged Anne Mahoney, CO, Vicipaedia	| 1 Reply
Michael Puett on Reading the Classics in China
18TH ANNUAL CHRISTOPHER ROBERTS LECTURE
September 25 & 26, 2015, Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania
Michael Puett, Walter C. Klein Professor of Chinese History, Harvard University
Michael Puett is the Walter C. Klein Professor of Chinese History and Chair of the Committee on the Study of Religion at Harvard University. In his research, Puett aims to bring the study of China into larger historical and comparative frameworks. Puett's books include The Ambivalence of Creation: Debates Concerning Innovation and Artifice in Early China (Stanford, 2001) and To Become a God: Cosmology, Sacrifice, and Self-Divinization in Early China (Harvard, 2002). In 2013 Puett was one of five named Harvard College Professors in recognition of his dedication to undergraduate education. Since 2012 his General Education course, "Classical Chinese Ethical and Political Theory," has been the third most enrolled undergraduate course at Harvard.
September 25, 4:30-5:30 p.m Althouse 106
"The Classics in China: Reading from a Global Perspective"
Our notion of the Classics is in the process of being fundamentally transformed. In China one finds not simply another set of texts that have been deemed classics, but an entire set of practices and approaches for how and why one should read classical texts. And many of these approaches are now being employed in China for the study of the Western classics as well. This lecture will explore some of the implications of thinking through the study of the classics from a global perspective.
September 26, 2:00-3:30 p.m. Rubendall Recital Hall
"The Practice of Sagehood: How to Read a Classic in China"
Over the course of late antiquity in China, a set of debates developed over the ways to read earlier texts and the types of interpretative strategies that should be employed. The current ways that the Western classics are being read in China comes in part out of these earlier traditions of interpretation. This lecture will discuss some of these interpretative strategies and explore the implicit parallels that are being drawn by contemporary Chinese scholars between their own commentarial traditions of the Chinese classics and interpretations of the Western classics.
These events are free and open to the public.
Latin and Greek texts for reading, with explanatory notes, vocabulary, graphic, video, and audio elements.
Tweets by @DCComm
Ancient Rome in So Many Words
APA/SCS
Concordance Liberation
Favorite Commentaries
Goncalves
grammars
Maffeius
Neo-Latin