text:
Taylor BehnW-LacrosseSeniorAmherstNH(Final-2018)
Ryan AdamsM-Cross CountrySeniorManchester(2018-Final)
Four From Eastern Gain Weekly Recognition by Little East Conference in Weekly Winter Awards Program
Little East Conference
Weekly Report through February 24, 2019
Indoor Track & Field Report #11
Men's Male Rookie Track Athlete-of-the-Week
Ryan Escoda, Fr., Newtown
For the sixth time this winter, Escoda was selected for this award. Second at the previous weekend's Little East Conference Championships at 3000 meters, Escoda was clocked in a PR of 8:49.96 to place 17th in the 3000 at Saturday's New England Division Championships at MIT. He was one of only two runners among 32 qualifiers in the event from a public university. His previous best of 8:51.37 had come Jan. 26 at Springfield College.
Women's Basketball Report #16
Player-of-the-Week
Mya Villard, Jr., F, Cromwell
Villard received the honor for the second consecutive week and for the fourth time this year after averaging 18.5 points and 11 rebounds per game while shooting 59 percent (13-22) from the floor to lead her second-seeded team to the 2019 LEC tournament title. The tournament's Most Outstanding Player poured in 27 points while grabbing 17 rebounds in the Warriors' 77-72 overtime victory over top-seeded UMass Dartmouth in the championship game, going 8-of-15 from the floor and 11-for-12 at the stripe. In the final weekly report of the season, Villard was also named to the six-person honor roll for the second straight week by NEWBA (New England Women's Basketball Association).
Rookie-of-the-Week
Anna Barry, Fr., F, Andover
The six-foot Barry was named the top weekly rookie for the third time this season, each of which came in the last five weeks, after averaging 14.5 points and 8.5 rebound per game while shooting 55 percent (12-22) from the floor during Eastern's two-game run to the 2019 LEC tournament title. She had 18 points, ten rebounds, four blocks and three steals in the Warriors' title game triumph over the host Corsairs. In the final weekly report of the season, Barrywas also named Rookie-of-the-Week by NEWBA (New England Women's Basketball Association) for the second time in three weeks.
Women's Swimming Report #16
Swimmer-of-the-Week
Megan Lasto, So., Orange
Lasto was named Swimmer-of-the-Meet at the NEISDA Championships by winning the 200 and 400 individual medley, placing third in the 200 breaststroke, and swimming a leg of relays which finished fourth (800 freestyle and 400 medley) and seventh (200 freestyle and 200 medley) en route to being named the LEC's top swimmer for the sixth time this season. She broke her own program records in the 200 IM (2:08.90) and 200 breaststroke (2:27.53), tied the eight-year-old program record in the 50 freestyle (24.48) leading off the 200 freestyle relay, and broke Katie King's five-year-old record with a time of 1:07.26 in a time trail of the 100 breaststroke. Lasto led Eastern to a ninth-place finish among 20 scoring teams with 91 points in her three individual events.
Thru
Feb. 24 (#11) Ryan Escoda Men's Indoor Track Rookie Track Athlete-of-the-Week
Feb. 24 (#16) Mya Villard Women's Basketball Player-of-the-Week
Feb. 24 (#16) Anna Barry Women's Basketball Rookie-of-the-Week
Feb. 24 (#16) Megan Lasto Women's Swimming Swimmer-of-the-Week
Feb. 10 (#9) Shemar Stewart Men's Indoor Track Rookie Track Athlete-of-the-Week
Feb. 3 (#8) Tyler Wright Men's Indoor Track Rookie Track Athlete-of-the-Week
Feb. 3 (#8) Christina Gosselin Women's Indoor Track Track Athlete-of-the-Week
Feb. 3 (#13) Seth Thomas Men's Basketball Rookie-of-the-Week
Jan. 27 (#7) Ryan Escoda Men's Indoor Track Rookie Track Athlete-of-the-Week
Jan. 27 (#12) Megan Lasto Women's Swimming Swimmer-of-the-Week
Jan. 27 (#12) Anna Barry Women's Basketball Rookie-of-the-Week
Jan. 20 (#6) Samantha McKosky Women's Indoor Track Track Athlete-of-the-Week
Jan. 13 (#10) Seth Thomas Men's Basketball Rookie-of-the-Week
Dec. 30 (#8) Carlos Gonzalez Men's Basketball Player-of-the-Week
Dec. 9 (#5) Mya Villard Women's Basketball Player-of-the-Week
Dec. 9 (#5) Julie Keckler Women's Basketball Rookie-of-the-Week
Dec. 9 (#5) Seth Thomas Men's Basketball Rookie-of-the-Week
Dec. 9 (#2) Ryan Escoda Men's Indoor Track Rookie Track Athlete-of-the-Week
Nov. 25 (#3) Mya Villard Women's Basketball Player-of-the-Week
Nov. 25 (#3) Jenna Serrantino Women's Basketball Rookie-of-the-Week
Nov. 11 (#5) Megan Lasto Women's Swimming Swimmer-of-the-Week
Nov. 4 (#4) Megan Lasto Women's Swimming Swimmer-of-the-Week
Oct. 28 (#3) Megan Lasto Women's Swimming Swimmer-of-the-Week
Nov. 4 (#10)* Madison Bell Women's Volleyball Defensive Player-of-the-Week
Nov. 4 (#10)* Anna Barry Women's Volleyball Offensive Player-of-the-Week
Nov. 4 (#10)* Anna Barry Women's Volleyball Rookie-of-the-Week
Oct. 28 (#9) Nick Starkowski Men's Soccer Defensive Player-of-the-Week
Oct. 28 (#9) Patrick Agyemang Men's Soccer Rookie-of-the-Week (co)
Oct. 28 (#9) Tara Shayler Women's Soccer Defensive Player-of-the-Week
Oct. 28 (#9) Madison Bell Women's Volleyball Rookie-of-the-Week
Oct. 21 (#8) Lauren Valenti Women's Soccer Defensive Player-of-the-Week
Oct. 21 (#8) Anna Barry Women's Volleyball Rookie-of-the-Week
Oct. 8 (#6) Anna Barry Women's Volleyball Rookie-of-the-Week
Oct. 1 (#5) Maggie Dulak Women's Cross Country Rookie-of-the-Week
Oct. 1 (#5) Patrick Agyemang Men's Soccer Rookie-of-the-Week
Oct. 1 (#5) Morgan Sanson Field Hockey Rookie-of-the-Week
Sept. 24 (#4) Hannah Goodale Women's Soccer Defensive Player-of-the-Week
Sept. 24 (#4) Aly Clarke Women's Soccer Offensive Player-of-the-Week
Sept. 24 (#4) Ryan Escoda Men's Cross Country Rookie-of-the-Week
Sept. 17 (#3) Patrick Agyemang Men's Soccer Rookie-of-the-Week
Sept. 17 (#3) Hannah Goodale Women's Soccer Defensive -of-the-Week
Sept.10 (#2) Olivia Rovalino Women's Soccer Rookie-of-the-Week
Sept. 10 (#2) Will Toomey Men's Soccer Rookie-of-the-Week
Sept. 3: (#1) Madison Bell Women's Volleyball Rookie-of-the-Week
Sept. 3 (#1) Griffin Luczek Men's Soccer Offensive Player-of-the-Week
*-Final week of fall awards


After a fairly eventful All-Star break -- the prelude, the game, and the wonderment -- MLB's set to fire up the balance of its season.
What with the extra wild card these days, four of the five teams in the American League East have a chance to make the playoffs.
At least one of the other divisions will no doubt tighten up, but odds are already strong the AL East will be a dogfight all the way to October.
The Baltimore Orioles start the charge where they've been most of the season.
All-Star third baseman Manny Machado leads the way for Buck Showalter's squad with a .322 batting average. Mark Trumbo and his 28 home runs also made the Midsummer Classic squad, as did catcher Matt Wieters, along with pitchers Brad Brach and Zach Britton.
Toss in Adam Jones -- is there a Mariners bump that the Orioles have sussed out? -- and the O's are well-placed to see more than the first weekend in October.
Even though the Boston Red Sox have limited pitching, have suffered injuries, and have been inconsistent, they're right in the mix.
In what he says is his final year, David Ortiz is having an MVP-type season, hitting .330 with 21 home runs and a mind-boggling 70 RBI.
Xander Bogaerts, Mookie Betts, Steven Wright and Jackie Bradley Jr made the All Star Game, which saw Big Papi get an unscripted sort of sendoff.
Boston just lost All-Star closer Craig Kimbrel for 3-6 weeks with a knee injury. As a result, Drew Pomeranz must be pinching himself, going from a confirmed non-contender in San Diego to a playoff race in Boston.
Toronto, the defending champion, may be the one team everyone fears, and after a slow start, the Blue Jays are making their move.
Any lineup with Josh Donaldson, Edwin Encarnacion, and -- even though he's been injured -- Troy Tulowitzki will have a say on who goes to play in October.
The Yankees have been underachievers all season, but if Hal Steinbrenner overrules GM Brian Cashman and they hold on to their big three at the end of their bullpen, you never know.
All Stars Dellin Betances and Andrew Miller, along with closer Aroldis Chapman, make every game a six-inning content if the Bombers are leading by then.
If their lineup ever starts hitting consistently and/or a dude like Jacoby Ellsbury plays near to the level of what they're paying him, watch out for the Yankees in the second half.
The other team in the division, Tampa Bay is out of it. However, that doesn't necessarily mean they'll be sellers at the non-waiver trade deadline this year.
The Rays always draft well and will be back in contention sooner than later. That's just who they are.


Approx. 6 by 6 inches.
A warrior. Stern and brave. Named, signed by the artist and handfinished.
"The Warrior" is one of Brian's quiet sculptural guardians. Bright lead-free-pewter. Lightly patinaed with green. A true artist's piece. Only one.


United Star INT'L Industrial Development LTD. is an enterprise which specializes in the line of household appliances especially the electric fan for years. Engaging in the R&D, design ,manufacture, sales and promotion as well. A great success has been achieving since its establishment, it sticks to its route from the very beginning, namely: "Our duty is to change the image of made in china." The internal frameworks of our company is The R&D department, QC department, purchase department, sales department and also the freight forwarding department,etc. Besides, the workshop is more than 10,000 squares meters and with the ISO 9001 certification. UnitedStar is specializing in Solar dc fan, Rechargeable fan,Air cycle fan, and variety of electric fans(AC and DC fan) which reaches the professional standard, passing the certificates including CE/CB/SAA/RoHS/SASO.
With 3 registered trademark, more than 30 patents of invention. And more than 11 years's experience on research and development, three engineers of R&D department devote themselves to the latest and innovative fans, working on the product appearance, structure design and the energy-saving products. The fans are of high quality and competitive prices, thus, they find a ready market in many countries overseas. The yearly sales volume of our company is gratifying, ranking a relatively top position in this line. UnitedStar provides good products and OEM, ODM services sincerely. We corporate with some well-known enterprises at home and abroad, always are in accordance to the industry standard as well as the international general practices, so as to help a number of end-users improve the visual effect and save the energy by innovating the appearance design and offering the feasible energy conservation schemes.


Patients view of the Pet-Neck study.
At the first meeting with the medical staff to hear the diagnosis of what you have is a major shock to your system. That point on I had to hear and discuss options that were available.
The staff at the hospital approached me to discuss the possibility on going on a trial. In anyone's mind the first thought of the word trial = guinea pig! I could not have been so wrong. The way I was approached was in an understanding and professional manner.
The study is a means of feedback to the medical profession from a patient's view. This would include nurses, doctors, and dieticians all the way to the medical teams that work in research. The forms themselves are simple and constructive, easy to understand to complete the data required. There were a few questions you look at and think they are a bit personal, but as we all know every person is different in their own right but to gather information in this manner gives a bigger picture for the medical teams across a broad base of patients on treatments being administered at present.
From the view of a patient it was good to always have support from my wife when putting information down because I did not always see what other people do.


text:
Paul Rubin June 23, 2005 4:00AM
An unfolding television crime story on the morning of last February 25 grabbed the attention of Estela Sanchez.
Phoenix police were investigating the pre-dawn shootings of a man and woman just outside the Coconut Groves apartments at 2028 West Indian School Road.
The detectives seemed focused on a lime-green taxicab inside the crime scene.
Suddenly, an alarming thought overtook Sanchez.
"I said to myself, 'Oh, my gosh, Celia lives right there with Gerry, and he drives a green cab.' I didn't want to think about it."
Celia was Celia Carbajal, a 50-year-old Phoenix native known to almost everyone as Sally.
Gerry was Gerry Best, a cabdriver who used his taxi to get around during off hours.
Sally and Gerry had been living together at the apartments for months.
A sheet draped the body of a middle-aged woman, the victim of a .22-caliber bullet to the back of her head from close range. A folder thick with paperwork was on the pavement near the woman's body.
Firefighters already had rushed the second victim to a hospital, also with a bullet to his head. He died a day later without regaining consciousness.
When Sanchez got to work -- she's a secretary for Phoenix divorce attorney Kenneth Winsberg -- she asked if Sally had come by yet as scheduled.
She hadn't, which was doubly troubling.
Winsberg and his staff had appreciated Sally's punctuality since she'd hired the lawyer in May 2004 to represent her in a vicious divorce battle with Danny Carbajal, her husband of 34 years.
Danny is the oldest sibling and well-known one-time trainer/manager of retired boxing champion Michael Carbajal, Arizona's most popular and successful pugilist ever.
This was a Friday, and Winsberg had planned to study the Carbajal file over the weekend in anticipation of the divorce trial, set to start in Maricopa County Superior Court that Monday.
The financial spoils in Carbajal v. Carbajal were hundreds of thousands of dollars in property and retirement accounts. And for reasons that will become evident in this story, Sally Carbajal was the odds-on favorite to win by a knockout.
Winsberg's staff repeatedly tried to reach Sally on her cell phone, to no avail. They called her job, where she'd been working as a bookkeeper. She hadn't shown up and hadn't called in, which also was a first.
Ken Winsberg was at a loss. The veteran attorney had grown to like and respect his client, and he also was well aware of her growing concerns for her own safety.
About 11:45 a.m., Winsberg and legal assistant Claudia Rivas decided to drive to the murder scene that Estela Sanchez had told them about, just a few minutes away.
On the way, Winsberg recalled his last conversation with Sally, less than a day earlier:
"She told me, 'Danny will never let me get the money that's coming to me.' She was genuinely scared of getting murdered by him. I told her, 'No one's killed you yet, right?' Just trying to lighten things up a little. Then I told her to take good care of herself."
Over at the Coconut Groves, a detective informed the attorney that the murdered woman indeed was Sally Carbajal.
And the folder that had landed close to Sally's body when she was shot?
It was her divorce file.
No one has yet been arrested in the murders of Sally Carbajal and Gerry Best.
But court records and other sources of information reveal that homicide detectives have Danny Carbajal squarely in their sights, both as a murder suspect and for other alleged crimes against his late wife.
Danny Carbajal strenuously denies any involvement in his estranged wife's murder.
"That would be the last thing I would think of," he told New Times a few days ago. "It never crossed my mind. None of us -- me, my kids -- even knew where she was at."
The Phoenix Police Department did not fulfill a May 5 public-records request from New Times for its reports about the case. But public records and interviews with key players reveal that the detectives also are investigating the Carbajals' two daughters for allegedly conspiring with their father to defraud their mother of money and property.
Those records suggest that Josephine Carbajal, a Phoenix schoolteacher, fraudulently obtained an identification card in her mother's name at the Arizona Department of Motor Vehicles in October 2003.
Police have suggested in court documents that Josephine then used the ID card as part of a scheme to benefit her father financially by forging Sally's name on numerous legal documents. In some of the documents, "Sally" gave up her legal right to her 50 percent share of residences and properties she owned with Danny.
Josephine Carbajal also has denied any wrongdoing.
The police investigation is on the front burner.
"The detective made it clear to me that he thinks I'm guilty," Danny Carbajal said, adding that he declined to submit to an official police interview and has retained an attorney.
On April 20, Phoenix homicide detectives raided Danny's condo, plus a home owned by Josephine Carbajal, and two bank safe-deposit boxes.
The extensive affidavit that accompanied the request for the multi-location search warrant claimed detectives had "learned that during the [marital] separation, [Sally] Carbajal's two daughters, Josephine and Celia, sided with Danny Carbajal. [Sally] has advised numerous persons that she is in fear of her life should Danny or either of her daughters locate her whereabouts."
"Per [attorney] Kenneth Winsberg, if the divorce trial ended in [Sally's] favor, Danny Carbajal stood to lose several hundred thousand dollars. In addition, the forgeries of [Sally's] name on the quitclaim deeds would have come to light in a court of law.
"[Sally] Carbajal was the victim of the homicide three days prior to this divorce trial."
Police confiscated legal papers, computer disks and numerous other items during their April 20 searches.
They also found a loaded .22-caliber revolver and unfired ammunition in a suitcase at Josephine's home. Especially of interest to detectives was a canister of .22-caliber ammunition etched with the head stamp "REM."
According to the affidavit, that was "the same type and brand of ammunition found at the scene of the murder."
The weapon wasn't a smoking gun.
For one thing, a revolver wouldn't have spit out shell casings such as those found at the West Indian School Road murder scene.
But the presence of the similar ammunition at the home led detectives to seek additional court permission "to also search for additional items related to the homicide investigation."
Police asked to extend the search at Danny's condo on East Osborn Road, "for any and all weapons . . . blood, hair and fiber evidence . . . any and all items that would tend to show that the crime of homicide and conspiracy to commit homicide occurred."
Michael Carbajal's ascendancy in boxing from successful amateur to Hall of Fame-caliber professional won the hearts of fight fans worldwide.
It all seemed to happen in a flash, and then it was over, with Michael's retirement from the sport in 1999 at the age of 32.
When New Times first wrote about Michael ("A Hit With His Family," September 23, 1987), he was a scrawny, shy 19-year-old with a stout right hand and a familiar dream of becoming a world boxing champion.
The second-youngest of Mary and Manny Carbajal's nine children then was living with his parents in a feisty neighborhood on East Fillmore near Ninth Street.
The Carbajal clan made for great copy: At the time, Michael was honing his future trade in a charmingly crude, indoor-outdoor gym that big brother Danny had cobbled together behind the two-home family compound.
Danny then was living next door to his parents with wife Sally and their two young daughters, Josephine and Celia.
The couple were committed to Michael's budding career --Danny as the boxing mastermind and Sally as the breadwinner. At the time, Sally had worked her way up to a position as manager of a BankOne branch, which allowed Danny to spend most of his time working with Michael.
Michael hadn't even made the Olympic boxing team yet, but Danny, his mentor, already was predicting future greatness.
Before Michael, boxers of his stature (he fought at 108 pounds most of his career) were relegated to undercards and small purses.
But his high-profile success at the 1988 Games, where he lost the gold-medal bout to a Bulgarian in a widely decried decision, led to a hefty signing contract with famed promoter Bob Arum.
Arum sensed that Michael could hit big, both in the ring and with the fans, and, man, was he right. Everyone took to Michael and his uplifting story, clichéd in some aspects as it may have been.
And Michael didn't disappoint inside the ring, where it ultimately counts. By the mid-1990s, he'd won two world titles and an enduring reputation as a fierce, skilled warrior.
Michael was making more money than he'd ever fathomed.
In March 1993, he collected $1 million for his Las Vegas title match against fellow champ Humberto Gonzalez, becoming the first "little man" ever to earn that much for a night's work.
Carbajal vs. Gonzalez was the fight of the year, one of the best of the decade. Michael seemed destined for a knockout defeat before showing a champion's heart and coming off the deck twice to stop Gonzalez in the seventh round.
The victory cinched Michael's reputation as one of the sport's top pound-for-pound pugilists. It also won him commercial endorsements, and years' worth of other lucrative fights.
But later in 1993, beloved family patriarch Manny Carbajal died of a heart attack, a blow from which the clan never really recovered.
Soon after that, Michael's formerly pristine reputation took a hit when he was in his front yard on Fillmore Street as one of his friends shot another to death on New Year's Eve.
Both victim and perpetrator were members of the Ninth Street Gang, and news stories linked Michael to the known gangsters.
In 1994, police arrested Michael for firing shots in the air as he left a party in Tempe. He barely escaped jail after pleading guilty to a felony that later was reduced to a misdemeanor.
Michael has stayed away from serious trouble since, and remains an honored figure around the fight game, always approachable and friendly to his fans.
He earned more than $7 million in purses during his decade as a pro, though how much of that actually went into his pocket is uncertain. In 1997, Michael told New Times that he hoped to save enough money for the long haul.
"I don't know much about money and investments," he said frankly. "I don't even like to think about it. Danny and Sally do what's best for me."
The couple also seemed to be doing what was best for them.
They bought several properties during the early 1990s, most in the downtown Phoenix area near the original homesteads on East Fillmore.
Beyond that, Danny and Sally also opened accounts with Merrill Lynch, and had accumulated almost $400,000 by 2003.
They'd moved out of the old neighborhood in 1993 into a comfortable home they'd bought in central Phoenix on East Coronado Road for about $60,000.
As Michael's career flourished in the mid-'90s, Sally decided to retire from BankOne. During that stretch, she, Michael and Danny became partners of a nonprofit in the new Ninth Street Gym, across the street from their old compound on Fillmore.
The well-appointed gym was a converted church that had opened to great fanfare.
But the facility never caught on as the Carbajals had hoped. Part of the reason may have been the demise of Danny and Sally's long marriage.
Cracks in the union rose to the surface in July 1997 when Sally filed for divorce in Maricopa County Superior Court.
Sally later admitted she'd removed about $300,000 around that time from one of the Merrill Lynch accounts. With Danny's knowledge, she said later, she'd paid about $100,000 of that money to federal and state authorities for back taxes that the couple had owed for years.
Sally also said she gave her daughters $7,000, and a divorce attorney the same amount. She apparently later returned two cashier's checks totaling $100,000 to Danny, along with $30,000 that she'd put into a checking account in her name.
Danny Carbajal later called it theft, and said last November during a deposition that his brother Michael had provided most of the funds in the couple's Merrill Lynch accounts.
"So your brother gave you money, or gave money to your wife to put into an IRA in your name?" Winsberg asked him.
"I don't know," Danny said. "You have to ask Sally that. Sally was the one that set all this up. . . . She knows that 75 percent of the retirement that I have is Michael's, not ours. Not mine."
Danny explained why nothing about the supposed arrangement had been put in writing: "We were family. Everything that we did, we did by just our word."
But Sally said in her deposition that none of the couple's money with Merrill Lynch had come from Michael. She said Michael had his own accounts with the firm, and also had put large sums of money into his mother's IRA, but not theirs.
Michael Carbajal referred questions about his finances, both past and present, to Danny.
Sally didn't follow through with her 1997 divorce petition, and a judge dismissed it a year later. She and Danny reconciled on and off for the next few years, but the schisms were too deep.
Danny blames most of their problems on Sally's alcoholism, which led to her imprisonment for four months in 2002 after a felony conviction for aggravated drunken driving.
A good friend of Sally's, Tammy Brant, said that Sally "did have problems with drinking, but she wasn't this falling-down drunk like the Carbajals want to say. And she loved those kids of hers, even with all the grief they gave her. It ate her up that they and Danny treated her like they did."
During a chance meeting at a Phoenix bar in May 2004, Sally told New Times about some of her personal problems. She claimed Danny was a thief and a cheat, and that he'd taken her to the cleaners.
It all sounded a bit over the top. Bar talk. But it wasn't.
On December 23, 1999, a notary public recorded quitclaim deeds in which Sally Carbajal turned over her half-share of two Phoenix homes to Danny.
According to Danny Carbajal, Sally also agreed that day to sign over her half-ownership of six other area properties that the couple had bought in the early 1990s.
"The police have the original deeds," Danny said to New Times, "and it's all in Sally's signature. For them to say different is bullshit."
Those properties would become a key part of the Carbajals' divorce war that ended abruptly with her murder.
Sally insisted until she died that she never would have signed over any of the six community properties. But someone did sign her name to the six deeds, though not until December 2003, four years later.
Sally later said in various affidavits that she suspected her daughter Josephine of having forged her name, something Josephine steadfastly denies.
Danny said Sally did sign the quitclaims in his presence, to fulfill a promise she'd made to him during a brief reconciliation in 1999.
"I told her, 'Look, I can't trust you anymore,'" he said in his deposition last November. "'I don't know what to do. All that we have, you already spent a lot of it. You have your retirement. I have mine.'"
Attorney Winsberg asked Danny if Sally had signed something to that effect.
"Yes," Danny said. "Unfortunately, I haven't been able to locate it."
On top of that, Danny claimed that he and Sally didn't really own the six properties in their names.
"She knows they're not ours," Danny testified.
At Sally's suggestion, Danny said, his brother Michael had provided the bulk of the money for the properties and for the Merrill Lynch accounts:
"She said, 'Listen . . . the best thing that we can do is put the properties in our name, and that way Michael's protected in case he ever gets into any kind of trouble."
Ken Winsberg asked exactly how Michael had funneled the money to them.
"I don't know," Danny responded. "You'll have to ask her how she went about getting the money. I do know that he gave her the money to purchase the properties. I don't know what transactions she did to get the money.
"She was always telling me how we could hide this, how we could do this. If I had known this was going to come to this, I never would have done it. [She would say] 'In order to protect [Michael], we'll put everything in our name. And when it comes time, we'll just turn it over to him.'"
Winsberg asked, "You thought that was perfectly legitimate to just put money of somebody else's into a property . . . to sort of hide it from potential creditors?"
"Not creditors," Danny said. "Just from him being hurt. . . . If he ever got in trouble, they would take it away. . . . Like for fighting [out of the ring], for any personal type of thing."
Danny stated that Sally always had been the brains of the family's investment strategies, not he. But Michael Carbajal put it much differently from his brother during his own divorce from his wife, Merci.
In August 2002, Judge Richard Gama summarized the champ's position on finances by writing:
"Michael was a world champion prizefighter who did attain national, if not worldwide notoriety in the sport of boxing. During his active boxing career, it appears that he earned substantial prize money. However, he testified that he has no knowledge or understanding regarding any of his financial information and/or investments, if any.
"Michael testified that his brother [Danny] always managed his fighting career, and all of the prize money earned during his successful boxing career. Further, Michael testified that whenever he needs income, his brother simply makes the income available to him. . . . His brother also pays a monthly automobile purchase payment, automobile insurance and other monthly living expenses on his behalf."
Michael didn't mention his sister-in-law, Sally. She and Danny were separated for keeps by then. It had been a difficult run for Sally, who was unemployed and drinking heavily.
In August 2001, Phoenix police had arrested her for aggravated drunken driving on a license already suspended for an earlier DUI. The following February, a judge sentenced her to four months in prison, which she served entirely.
A few months after Sally's release in May 2002, Danny Carbajal and a female walked into a BankOne branch at 24th Street and Thomas Road.
They asked teller Marco Zazueta to notarize a quitclaim deed that gave ownership of Danny and Sally's home on East Coronado to Josephine Carbajal.
The Coronado home was the definition of marital community property, but here was Sally -- just out of the joint, no job, and with a broken marriage -- allegedly willing to sign it over in return for nothing.
By then, similar homes in the neighborhood were selling for about $90,000, according to the County Assessor's Office.
Later, Sally said she hadn't gone to the bank with Danny that day in August 2002, nor had she signed the quitclaim deed over to Josephine.
Marco Zazueta testified during his deposition last November that he couldn't identify Sally or Josephine Carbajal from photos shown to him. But he recalled that Danny Carbajal had presented a passport as identification, and the woman had shown him an Arizona driver's license.
Zazueta did jot down in his notary book the identification numbers of both quitclaim signers.
The woman's license number came back later to a Celia Carbajal, who was born on the same date in 1980 as Sally and Danny's youngest child.
Celia Carbajal also was Sally's real name, but she was born in 1954, not 1980.
It's uncertain if daughter Celia forged her mother's signature that day, or if Josephine used her sister's driver's license to slip one past the teller.
Danny and Sally's younger daughter could not be reached for comment.
Add this fact to the mix: The Phoenix police affidavit for a search warrant last April claims that, "in addition to obtaining a fraudulent driver's license under her mother's name of Celia Carbajal on October 3, 2003, Josephine Carbajal also obtained a fraudulent driver's license under her sister's name of Celia Carbajal on May 27, 2003."
But the latter happened months after the August 2002 quitclaim signing, and exactly what happened at BankOne that day remains uncertain.
What is certain, according to esteemed Phoenix forensic documents expert Bill Flynn, is that someone did forge Sally's August 2002 quitclaim signature, and also forged her quitclaim signatures in December 2002, signing over the six downtown Phoenix properties.
Shortly before Sally's murder, Flynn wrote to her divorce attorney that "it is highly probable that [Sally] Carbajal did not execute the questioned signature. . . . There are indications that the questioned signature represents efforts to simulate the genuine signature style of Ms. Carbajal."
In July 2003, Danny Carbajal filed for divorce from Sally in Maricopa County Superior Court. He didn't have an attorney, and filled out the self-help petition by hand.
Danny claimed his Merrill Lynch retirement account was worth about $100,000 -- an understatement of at least a quarter-million dollars -- and said Sally's separate pension was about $65,000. (In truth, her account at Merrill Lynch was empty by then.)
Danny checked "yes" on a line that read, "Each party WAIVES OR GIVES UP his/her interest in any and all retirement benefits, pension plans or other deferred compensation of the other party."
He listed two vehicles and a condo on East Osborn Road as all of the couple's community property, and said it would be going to him.
According to Danny's petition, Sally would get some bedroom and dining room furniture in the split.
That was it.
Danny didn't mention anything about the six downtown Phoenix properties that the Carbajals still owned together, nor did he bring up the two cash-value life-insurance policies worth an unspecified amount that he and Sally had owned for years.
Said attorney Ken Winsberg, "Even honest people, which Danny isn't, make the mistake of thinking that just because something is in one party's name, such as a Merrill Lynch account, that it isn't community property. In this instance, it obviously was, and she had a lot of money coming to her."
In his petition, Danny listed Sally's address as the Osborn condo, where he was living (and still resides). A few days later, he paid someone to serve the divorce paperwork to Sally at the condo, where she hadn't set foot in months.
Court records show that a "Jerry Hall" accepted the paperwork at the condo on the morning of July 8, 2003.
Later, Ken Winsberg wrote to a judge that Sally didn't know a Jerry Hall, and "for all she knows [she] could be the former girlfriend of Mick Jagger."
A sheath of court documents indicates that Danny had been paying Sally's rent at a Phoenix apartment for months, and Sally later testified that he'd moved her over there long before filing for divorce.
Sally never responded to the petition, she said later, because she hadn't known about it. Certainly, she didn't know that Danny was about to take control of about every community asset they'd ever owned as a couple.
Danny filed for a default decree soon after Sally missed the deadline to respond to his original petition. He wrote on the application that he'd hand-deliver the default notice to Sally at an address on East Fillmore Street.
It was the same address that he and Sally had moved from a decade earlier, part of the Carbajals' Fillmore compound.
"And who lived at Fillmore at that time?" Ken Winsberg asked Danny last November.
"No one," Danny admitted.
"So the address you used was the place on Fillmore where you knew nobody was living?"
"Yes."
In late September 2003, Danny and a woman again asked a teller at the BankOne on East Thomas Road for assistance.
"Danny walked up, and he wanted to remove his wife from his checking account," teller Burdia Center said later in a deposition. "I asked Danny how was he doing because I knew him from being Danny Carbajal, and he said fine. And I asked his wife, does she have an ID? She presented her ID."
Center said Danny's wife surprised him "because he's an older-looking guy, and she was a young-looking lady. . . . And what went through my mind was that she's very pretty to be with him."
During that deposition, Winsberg showed her photographs of Sally and Josephine Carbajal, just as he had to the earlier teller.
Center immediately pointed to Josephine as the "young-looking" woman who had signed Sally's name to the checking account removal form.
In her deposition, also last November, 35-year-old Josephine Carbajal swore that she'd never signed her mother's name to anything, at the bank or anyplace else.
But on October 3, 2003 -- a week after her alleged encounter at the bank with Burdia Center -- Josephine applied at a state Motor Vehicles office for an identification card as her mother.
The best evidence of that is a photograph that agency officials took that day of her, next to which police suspect she forged Sally's name.
Josephine tried to explain it away in her deposition, saying, "My mom told me there was some confusion at Motor Vehicle Division. And she told me she'd take care of it. She said that's a common mistake. They make mistakes between us and my sister, too."
On December 5, 2003, a county court commissioner signed Danny Carbajal's default decree against Sally. Danny asked the court to send a copy to her at his condo, where he knew she wouldn't get it.
That December 9, just four days after the divorce was final, someone claiming to be Sally Carbajal signed away her rights to the six Phoenix properties that the split-up couple still owned.
That day, BankOne teller Maria Sanchez affixed her notary stamp to the quitclaim deeds that Danny supposedly had drawn up back in 1999, but hadn't mentioned as community property in his divorce petition.
Sanchez subsequently left BankOne, and lawyers couldn't locate her for a deposition in the Carbajal divorce case.
She continued to lie low even after Sally filed a complaint against her with the Arizona Secretary of State. Sally claimed that Sanchez knew that the deeds were forgeries, and that the ex-teller knew Danny personally.
The Secretary of State revoked Sanchez's notary license last November, after she failed to respond to Sally's complaint.
During the first months of 2004, Sally Carbajal was newly divorced. And though she still didnt know it, most of her marital assets were gone.
But there was a ray of hope in her life.
Sally had started to date a guy in his early 50s named Gerry Best, a cabby who usually worked the central Phoenix area. He'd met Sally as a fare, as she often called for a taxi because she'd lost her driver's license.
"Decent guy," Sally's friend Tammy Brant said of Best. "Treated her real good, real good, and made her feel better about herself."
Sally and Gerry moved in together, and remained a couple until someone murdered them earlier this year.
On February 25, 2004, Sally filed for divorce from Danny in Maricopa County Superior Court. Like Danny, she filled out the paperwork by herself.
Sally asked for Danny to pay her half the proceeds from the future sale of just two of the couple's properties -- the Osborn condo and one of the six downtown properties she'd already allegedly quitclaimed to him.
Sally also asked for her share of their retirement funds, and for half of the cash value of a life insurance policy in her name. The latter was another asset that Danny had failed to mention in his earlier petition, and her share would come to about $28,000.
Also that day, Sally filed an order of protection against Danny, which a court commissioner granted.
In early March 2003, Sally went to Motor Vehicles to get a new identification card. She learned there that, months earlier, another woman already had used her name and birth date to secure an ID.
Sally later wrote in an affidavit that an agency official had shown her the photograph of the other woman.
It was her daughter, Josephine.
Sally soon got another jolt when Danny asked a judge to dismiss her divorce petition because, alas, they already were divorced.
Confused, Sally knew she needed an attorney, and approached Ken Winsberg with what was a head-scratcher of a tale.
The lawyer said Sally had little money, but he decided to accept her as a client after she showed him evidence that Danny had hoodwinked both her and the court.
"Sally was the victim of major chicanery, big league," he said. "And she was up against her whole immediate family, including her daughters. I'd never seen or heard anything quite like it."
Sally found full-time work as a bookkeeper to pay her new attorney, and started to do her own sleuth work on her case.
But in late May 2004, a commissioner granted Danny Carbajal's motion to dismiss Sally's new case.
Danny's joy at winning that round couldn't have lasted long.
In August 2004, Judge Edward Burke granted Ken Winsberg's request to set aside Danny's default divorce decree because it was a fraud.
Tensions between Sally and Danny escalated with the reopening of the case, according to Winsberg legal assistant Claudia Rivas.
"As the months went by, she told us that she was scared for her life," Rivas said. "We could tell she wasn't just looking for sympathy. She and Gerry moved three times, and she quit a job because she didn't want Danny to find her. It was creepy."
Last September, Judge Burke took the unusual step of ordering Danny Carbajal to pay Sally's attorney $10,000 "as an advancement toward the cost and expenses of this litigation."
That should have sent a clear signal as to how the divorce case was stacking up. But an out-of-court settlement between the two apparently wasn't in the cards.
Now, Sally was asking for half of all the community properties, and was arguing that all the quitclaim deeds should be voided because of the alleged forgeries.
Ken Winsberg estimated that the Carbajals' properties were worth about $500,000 by last year. And that was just part of it.
Court records show that as of late 2003, Danny still had almost $400,000 in the Merrill Lynch accounts. If Sally won the day in court, half of that sum would be hers.
Danny Carbajal painted a bleak portrait of his current life during his deposition in the divorce case last year. He testified that he lives alone and frugally in the Osborn condo, and regularly borrows money from Michael and his aged mother to survive.
Danny also said he's not currently training any professional boxers, just a handful of amateurs for a few bucks a month. His only work income seems to be a few hundred bucks as a "cut man" in an occasional prizefight.
Times have gotten so tough, Danny testified, that he didn't file income tax statements from 2000 to 2003 because he didn't make enough money.
He repeatedly denied that he'd ever defrauded Sally. To the contrary, Danny said she was the one who had been the thief.
During her own deposition last December, Sally wouldn't tell Danny's attorney where she was working or where she lived.
"The look in Danny's eyes when we were doing [Sally's] deposition spoke volumes," Winsberg said. "It was cold as ice, pure hatred, and it was memorable."
Short of an unlikely settlement, the Carbajal divorce trial was set in Judge Burke's court for February 28, 2005.
On February 24, according to court records, Danny's lawyer, Rich Peters, billed him for more than eight hours of work on the case -- $1,620 -- and spoke twice with his client.
That afternoon, Sally stopped by Ken Winsberg's office with Gerry Best to go over a few items and to take the trial exhibits to review overnight.
"She was nervous about the trial," Claudia Rivas recalled, "but said she was so happy to get it over with. She promised to get the exhibits back the next morning."
Before Sally left, she blurted something that Rivas says she'll never forget.
"She told me that she had a feeling that Danny was getting too close, too close. She said she just knew it."
About 12 hours after that, someone executed Sally and Gerry Best in the middle of their apartment parking lot.
Danny Carbajal claims he has no idea who killed the pair. "There's all kinds of stuff floating around," he said. "I heard that the guy she was living with was selling drugs, but you just don't know. Everybody talks."
Judge Burke's sentiments about Danny became clear about a week after the murders.
Although the divorce case had ended with Sally's death, Burke ordered Danny to pay Ken Winsberg's remaining attorney's fees of almost $7,000. That came on top of the judge's prior $10,000 order.
Burke wrote that he believed he had the authority "to award attorney's fees directly to Wife's counsel notwithstanding the fact that Wife was murdered the day before trial."
It was a hard financial slap in Danny's face, but nothing compared to what he likely would have faced had his divorce trial gone forward.
Danny's attorney has appealed the judge's ruling.
Because Phoenix police haven't released reports on their homicide investigation, it isn't known what Danny Carbajal may have told detectives about his whereabouts last February 25.
That night, Ken Winsberg said, he kept fixating on what might have happened in the last moments of his client's life. He said he found himself in a dreamlike state just before dawn, but was startled into consciousness by what he thought was a gunshot.
Winsberg says he actually felt around his body for a bullet wound, but found none.
Then he realized what was up. A carrier had just tossed the morning paper onto his driveway.
"Maybe Sally never knew what hit her, never saw anybody, never felt anything," Winsberg said. "But Gerry did, because he was coming to her aid. Someone should have to pay for this, and dearly. These people shouldn't be forgotten victims."
Paul Rubin
Contact: Paul Rubin

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


But last night, Pusha had a show in Toronto, Drake's hometown, and all hell broke loose.
Videos posted to social media appeared to show a group of people hurling drinks at a performer, before a group them tried to rush the stage and a fight broke out. In Pusha T's case, it's laughing at a few "fans" who made a decision to throw beer on him before security issued a fade to them. Three people involved in the incident were reportedly injured and sent to the hospital.
Toronto Police spokesman Katrina Arrogante says performers were attacked by numerous people in the audience. The Clipse lyricist would return to the stage soon after to perform a few more songs before local police shut down the concert due to the attack and a few concert goes sustaining injuries.
"There was a fight that ensued and then an exodos, lots of people sort of fled out of the venue", Toronto police Const. David Hopkinson told CP24. TMZ has confirmed that a man has been rushed to the hospital battling "life-threatening" stab wounds.
Once the crowd had settled, Push returned to the stage to close out the show with his Drake diss "Infrared" and "Don't Like", while surrounded by security guards.
Drake was quick to respond this time and released "Duppy Freestyle", where, in the midst of all his disses, he mentions Virginia Williams, Pusha's longtime girlfriend. This track is what really put the feud between Pusha and Drake into full force over the summer, as it's where Pusha outed Drake for secretly fathering a child in 2017.
The event takes place each year in support of the Royal Variety Charity , of which Queen Elizabeth II is a Patron. Meghan was accompanied by the Duke of Sussex, who looked dapper in a black dress suit , white shirt and bow tie.
Manchester United are set to visit Australia next summer as part of their preseason preparations, sources have told ESPN FC. In 2017 and 2018, Mourinho based his players at UCLA in California during two more trips to the United States.
Crude oil futures for January ended down $3.77, or 6.6%, at $53.43 a barrel, the lowest settlement price in about 13 months. IEA's Birol also continued to warn OPEC and its partners against the impact of resuming supply cuts.
They "missed" in the sense that bin Laden was not killed in them, and al-Qaida was able to pull off 9/11 three years later. Pakistan denies having prior knowledge of bin Laden's whereabouts.
Kelemete and Fulton have both been listed on the team's official injury report and played banged up in the past. Watt and Kareem Jackson and remained down on the ground in visible pain.
If you've logged in on Instagram today and wondered why your follower count dropped, then know that you're not alone. The company is expected to announce more measure to combat fake activity soon.
None of those signing the letter are among the nine Democratic lawmakers who will be representing Pennsylvania next year. Pelosi allies were quick to jump on the letter Monday as proof that Pelosi will overcome the challenges.
She lost track of how many shots she heard while she waited under the desk, "trying to protect her son", for 10 to 15 minutes. Eyewitnesses told reporters the shooting began in the parking lot before moving into a clinic area inside the hospital.


text:
Nurse Key
Fastest Nurse Insight Engine
MEDICAL ASSISSTANT
Abdominal Key
Anesthesia Key
Basicmedical Key
Otolaryngology & Ophthalmology
Musculoskeletal Key
Neupsy Key
Obstetric, Gynecology and Pediatric
Plastic Surgery & Dermatology
Clinical Dentistry
Radiology Key
Thoracic Key
After reading this chapter, the nurse will be able to:
Describe verbal and nonverbal communication behaviors of persons of Cuban descent.
Have an awareness of Cuban Americans' spatial comfort zone.
Discuss family values that are commonly held by Cuban Americans.
Discuss the past-, present-, and future-time orientation that may be held by Cuban Americans, depending on generation of immigration.
Describe beliefs held by persons who espouse the cult of Santeria.
Discuss health problems that may be related to biological variations of persons of Cuban descent.
Overview of Cuba
Cuba is located in the Caribbean on the westernmost part of the West Indies. To the north are Jamaica and the Bahamas, and to the south are the Cayman Islands and Haiti. Havana, on the northwest coast, is 90 miles from Florida's Key West, while the Pinar del Rio Province on the west coast is 130 miles from Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula. Cuba, an island of 42,803 square miles, is the largest island in the Caribbean and the fifteenth largest island in the world. Cuba also lays claim to a small island, Isla de la Juventud, and some 4200 coral cays and islets. Mountain ranges separate the country into three regions ( ).
When Columbus reached Cuba in 1492, some 50,000 Indians, primarily fishermen and hunters, occupied the island. The island was conquered for the Spanish crown, and seven settlements were founded. In the early sixteenth century, the first Black slaves from Africa arrived in Cuba. These slaves were primarily Yoruba, from the southwestern part of Nigeria. The slaves brought aspects of their culture that are still present in food, music, and practices of spiritualism. Chinese workers were also brought to work in the sugarcane fields. Some of these workers were able to earn enough money to start their own businesses and married women from other ethnic groups, particularly criollo women (Spaniards born in the New World). Except for the British occupation of Havana in 1762–1763, Cuba remained under control of Spain until 1898. An economy driven by the slave-based sugar plantations was aided by mechanization of milling. Sugar continues to be the chief product and chief export to this day.
Despite numerous uprisings throughout the 1800s, Cuba remained under Spanish rule until José Martí, a Cuban national hero, championed a revolution in 1895. At that time the United States joined the international protest over Spain's treatment of Cuba. In 1898 the United States officially declared war on Spain in response to the sinking of the USS Maine in Havana. The Spanish–American War resulted in the defeat of Spain, and Cuba was granted its independence. During that period, an agreement was struck between the United States and Cuba that has had long-lasting effects in the minds of many exiled Cuban Americans. More specifically, according to the Platt Amendment to the Cuban constitution, the United States agreed to provide a military presence on the island to assist in maintaining the governmental stability initiated by the revolution. The U.S. peacekeepers remained in Cuba until 1934. However, a 99-year lease permits the United States to maintain a strategic naval base at Guantánamo Bay, on the southeast side of Cuba. To this day, many exiled Cuban Americans find comfort in knowing that the U.S. military (whom many Cubans and Cuban Americans perceive as anti-Castro) still resides on the island.
In 1952, Fulgencio Batista seized control of the government, and a harsh dictatorship was established. However, Batista was overthrown in 1959, when Fidel Castro and a rebel band seized control. With Castro serving as the official head of state, sweeping economic and socialistic changes were initiated, and a system of cooperatives was instituted. Cattle, tobacco lands, banks, and other American interests were nationalized, with little provision for compensation to their former owners. Subsequently, relations with the United States were broken off, and a trade embargo, which remains in effect, was initiated. Poor sugar crops and the embargo further damaged the economy, and, in spite of aid from Communist countries, rationing practices were enacted. While civil unrest and various efforts to overthrow the regime occurred, Castro maintained control. In 1962, the United States discovered that the Soviet Union had brought nuclear missiles into Cuba. After a stern ultimatum from President John F. Kennedy on October 22, the missiles were removed. In 1967, in an overture to enhance relations, the United States and Cuba signed an agreement to exchange diplomats and to regulate offshore fishing. However, full ties were not restored, and some sanctions continued.
Throughout the 1970s and much of the 1980s, Cuba enjoyed the financial and political support of many Communist countries. Steady economic growth and advances were made in social security, public health, and education. However, the economy was severely hampered by the collapse of the Communist bloc in the late 1980s and the subsequent withdrawal of Soviet subsidies, worth $4 to $6 billion annually ( ). Increased trade sanctions by the United States also contributed to a deteriorating economic situation throughout the early 1990s. Trade sanctions were tightened even further in 1996, after two aircraft operated by an anti-Castro exile group based in Miami were shot down by Cuban Air Force pilots off the shores of Cuba. In an apparent humanitarian effort, Pope John Paul II visited Cuba in 1998 and called for an end to the U.S. economic sanctions. The pope urged Castro to release political prisoners and increase political and religious freedom. A softening of relations did occur, and sanctions were eased in 1999.
Cuba again made international news in 2000, when a Cuban child, Elián González, survived a capsized boat accident and was rescued off the Florida coast. After a 7-month legal battle, the U.S. government agreed, over the protestations of his relatives and the Cuban-American community in Miami, to return Elián to his father in Cuba ( ). This decision by the U.S. government led to subsequent changes. These included the passage of a bill allowing food and medicine sales to Cuba, somewhat relaxed travel regulations that allowed more Cuban Americans to visit Cuba, and Castro's decision to spend $120 million over a specified period to purchase food and agricultural products from key farm states. These actions energized pro-Cuba attitudes in the U.S. Congress, and the lifting of the trade embargo became a topic of debate ( ). The U.S. government tightened travel restrictions significantly in 2004 and again in 2006, allowing Cuban Americans to return to the island only once every 3 years instead of every year and restricting the amount of U.S. cash that can be spent there to $50 per day. In response, Cuba banned the use of dollars, which had been legal currency in the country for more than a decade ( ; ).
In 2006, Fidel Castro began transferring many powers over to his brother, Raul, because of personal illness. In February 2008, Fidel Castro formally resigned from office, ending an almost 50-year rule. Despite renewed U.S. economic interest in Cuba and some policy shifts under President Barack Obama (including legal travel to Cuba by students, churches, and cultural groups), experts agree that normalization of U.S.–Cuban relations was unlikely in the near future ( ). But when the Archbishop of Buenos Aires, Jorge Mario Bergoglio, was elected as Pope Francis in March 2013, he reached out to American President Barack Obama and Cuban leader Raul Castro in hopes of mending the diplomatic relations between the two countries. The Pope personally followed up and offered to mediate between the two countries as they held secret talks that spanned 18 months ( ). On December 17, 2014, Presidents Obama and Castro announced a deal to restore diplomatic relations and the liberalization of travel and remittances between their respective countries ( ).
Although the Obama administration would like to normalize relations with Cuba, there are still major hurdles to overcome. The president would like to lift the trade embargo, move Cuba toward democracy, and increase diplomatic presence in Cuba. But Congress is not likely to lift the embargo soon, and Cuba appears to have the goal of maintaining the status quo while maximizing the economic gain of the agreement and to be removed from the State Sponsors of Terrorism list ( ).
In 2014, Cuba had a population of 11,047,251 residents, representing ethnic groups that include mulatto and mestizo (26.6%), Black African (9.3%), and White (64.1%) ( ; ). The population was growing annually at a rate of 0.22% until 2008, when it began decreasing slightly ( ). Cuba has an aging population; 19.6% are over the age of 60 years, and this percentage is growing as the birthrate remains low ( ). Havana has a population of 2.116 million people. Some 75% of the Cuban population is urban, with a population density of 262 per square mile ( ).
The island has 2500 miles of coastline. Low hills and fertile valleys cover more than half of the country, with 24% arable land. The chief crops include sugarcane, tobacco, rice, coffee, and citrus. There are 6000 plant species in Cuba, and land fauna includes crocodiles, lizards, and 15 species of snakes ( ; ; ). Other resources include timber, cobalt, nickel, iron, copper, manganese, and salt. Pharmaceutical production is another source of Cuban development. More than 1000 people work at Cuba's Genetic Engineering and Biotechnological Center in Havana. Cuba's biotechnical products and technology currently reach markets in more than 40 countries and generate about $100 million annually ( ). The labor force of Cuba is 23% agricultural and 53% services. The gross domestic product is U.S. $72.3 billion, with a per capita gross domestic product of U.S. $10,200 ( ). Major trading partners are Canada, China, Venezuela, the Netherlands, and Spain and a major shift away from Russia, China, Iran, and North Korea ( ).
The tourism income is $1.846 billion ( ), and numerous travel guides outline opportunities in Cuba (e.g., ) as a vacation spot for cycling, travel, hiking, and swimming. Cuba is advertised as the Caribbean's largest and least commercialized island. The relative political isolation has prevented it from being overrun with tourists, a selling point used to promote Cuban travel in Canada and Europe ( ). The peak tourist time is in the dry season from December to April, when planeloads of Canadians and Europeans arrive to enjoy the sun and beaches. Christmas, Easter, and the period around July 26 (the anniversary of the revolution) are also peak tourist times. The hotter wet season lasts from May to October and is also the time when hurricanes are most prevalent. The average annual temperature is 75° F.
Many Cuban citizens are experiencing an easing of political and religious restrictions. On the other hand, Cubans currently get by on an average monthly income in pesos equal to $8 to $20 a month, and state-rationing exacts a daily struggle ( ; ). Cubans use their monthly income and ration cards for subsistence items in government peso stores in order to purchase rice, sugar, peas, cooking oil, tobacco, coffee, beans, and soap. Children under 7 may receive milk, some eggs, and meat, but otherwise meat and vegetables are not available at the government peso store. Other goods, including meat and more expensive items, are available at state-run stores. Many Cubans receive money from family members in other countries or a private income from pedaling bicycle rickshaws for tourists, running gypsy cabs, engaging in black market sales, opening small cafés in their homes, or renting rooms ( ). There is less poverty in Havana than in rural areas, since in Havana enterprising individuals can more easily supplement their peso income with personal and tourist-related enterprises.
Despite the U.S. embargo and the challenges faced after the fall of the Soviet Union, Cuba has produced better health outcomes than most Latin American countries ( ; ). In Cuba, the median age is 37.8 years; the life expectancy is 77.2 years for males and 81.2 years for females; and there are 11.02 births per 1000 and 7.29 deaths per 1000. The infant mortality rate is 4.5 per 1000. The number of persons in Cuba with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or acquired immunodeficiency virus (AIDS) is 3300 (>0.1%). There are 67.2 physicians per 10,000 inhabitants ( ; ). Cuba spends 10.0% of the gross domestic product on health care, significantly less than the United States (17.9%) and most European countries. The positive health outcomes are probably more related to the focus on health and prevention of disease than on the amount of money spent ( ; ).
Opportunities in the tobacco industry in Tampa and Miami between 1895 and 1905 resulted in the establishment of small, tight Cuban communities in these Florida cities ( ; ). By settling within these communities, it became possible for these Cubans to retain a strong ethnic identity and maintain cultural values and practices. Another wave of immigrants came to the United States in the 1940s and 1950s for jobs related to military production and because increased trade and commerce between the United States and Cuba facilitated immigration.
When Castro assumed control in 1959, opponents were imprisoned or executed. Lack of promised liberties and the threat of Communist rule caused many middle- and upper-class individuals who had supported the Castro regime to immigrate to Miami, Tampa, and New York, thus expanding already existing Cuban settlements. It is estimated that, in the initial years of rule by Castro, some 700,000 Cubans emigrated, primarily to the United States ( ). It is significant to note that many of these individuals had grown accustomed to receiving high-quality health care as a result of their socioeconomic status prior to Castro's revolution. In contrast, some later immigrants who did not hold middle- and upper-class positions prior to the revolution were not accustomed to being benefactors of health care and did not come to the United States with the expectation of high-quality health care.
In 1978, as a result of pleas for liberation, Castro agreed to release political prisoners to the United States. Some 120,000 Cubans immigrated in 1980 in what was referred to as the Mariel Boat Lift ( ; ). It was later determined that among these immigrants were mentally ill patients and criminals. Some of the criminals remained in jails in the United States until 1987, when Castro agreed to take back some 2500 Cuban prisoners. The 1987 agreement allowed 20,000 Cubans to immigrate to the United States each year. Many were relatives of those already in the United States. Cuban Americans represent one of the few minority groups in the United States who are predominantly refugees, not immigrants, many of them professionals and entrepreneurs.
In the 1990s, Cubans, desperate to get out of Cuba, increasingly tried to bypass the immigration regulations and make their way to Florida on small boats. Finally, in 1994, demonstrations against the Cuban government prompted loosening of the immigration restrictions, and a United States–Cuba accord was signed to end the illegal and dangerous exodus of "boat people." In 1995, U.S. policy shifted again with the announcement that 20,000 Cuban refugees held at the Guantánamo base would be admitted to the United States; however, any more boat people caught fleeing the island would be sent back to Cuba ( ). By 1999, it was estimated that 1550 Cubans had been repatriated under the immigration agreement ( ). Nevertheless, illicit migration to the United States using homemade rafts, alien smugglers, or falsified visas continues. In 2013, it was estimated that 14,251 Cubans crossed the straits to Florida and set foot on U.S. soil, with only 25% being deterred by the U.S. Coast Guard ( ).
In 2010, 1.8 million people of Cuban descent were residing in the United States ( ). The largest number of Hispanics in Florida are Cuban American ( ). In a relatively short time, Cubans have been able to advance economically and obtain a higher standard of living in the United States than other Hispanic groups. Compared with other Hispanic groups, Cuban Americans have higher average educational attainment, larger family incomes, and lower poverty rates ( ). For example, in 2011 the median annual individual income was $24,400, higher than the median earnings for all U.S. Hispanics ($20,000) but lower than the median earnings for the U.S. population ($29,000) ( ).
Many Cuban Americans maintain the political stance of exiles waiting for Fidel Castro, and now his brother, to die or be overthrown ( ). In fact, many identify themselves as "Cuban" despite having been born in the United States ( ). investigated "feelings of being American" among White-American, African-American, and Cuban-American women. In contrast to other groups, Cuban Americans reported neither feeling they were American nor believing that they were perceived as such by White Americans. However, feelings of inclusion increased with length of residence. The majority of the Cuban Americans in Miami-Dade County tend to be conservative, Republican, and anticommunist, though there may be a change away from the Republican party in the future ( ).
In spite of their exiled history, Cubans have tended to make the necessary adjustments to fit into the United States, preferring to use dialoguing, rather than resorting to violence, to address Cuba's problems. The retention of cultural values and practices from their Cuban heritage has not diminished and in some cases would appear to have enhanced success in the United States as musicians, poets, athletes (particularly in the sport of baseball), and business executives ( ; ).
It is noteworthy that Cuban Americans have become successful in politics. Today, the Miami Cuban Americans are a powerful political force in the United States. Approximately 90% of Miami-Dade County Cuban Americans are registered to vote ( ). It has even been suggested that the impact of sending Elián González back to Cuba influenced the defeat of the Democratic party in the 2000 election in Florida since the presidential nominee, George W. Bush, opposed sending Gonzalez home and thus received strong support in Florida ( ).
Spanish is the official language of Cuba, although Cubans often shorten words by dropping letters. The accent and some expressions are similar to the Spanish of Andalusia, although the accents tend to vary by the three main regions of Cuba ( ; ). Cuban Spanish has an African influence and also incorporates some words from the Taino Indians and some English words ( ). Today, English is a required course in secondary schools and is increasingly learned by persons interested in the tourist industry.
identified that not speaking English is a significant problem for some first-generation Cubans in the United States. However, second-generation Cubans are more likely to speak both Spanish and English. However, unlike other non-English immigrant groups, Spanish is more likely to still be spoken in the home, within the Cuban community, and by elderly persons who do not have much reason to interact with an English-speaking community. Many Cuban Americans have incorporated English words into spoken Spanish ( ).
A common greeting among Cuban men entails a firm handshake. Handshakes are often used when entering or leaving a home or greeting a group. On the other hand, women tend to kiss each other once on the cheek and offer a verbal greeting. Kissing on the cheek can be observed between younger members of the opposite sex. Elderly people are greeted with gestures indicative of respect.
Cubans commonly address others by first names. Among friends or co-workers, nicknames may be used. Strangers may address each other using the word Companero / Companera (Comrade), Señor (Mr.) or Señora (Mrs.). Common verbal greetings include "Buenos días!" (Good morning), "Buenas tardes!" (Good afternoon), and "Buenas noches!" (Good evening). "Buenas" (hello) is commonly used as a greeting when passing another on the street, while "Hasta luego!" (So long) is used in parting ( ).
Nonverbal communication by Cubans includes use of hand gestures when talking to reinforce ideas and emotions. Conversation is lively and frequently loud and forceful. Most Cubans consider maintaining eye contact important, particularly in formal situations. Some Cuban individuals consider lack of eye contact a sign of insincerity or perhaps spite. Beckoning may occur by waving fingers inward with the palm down. Holding a palm up when beckoning is considered a hostile gesture ( ). Silence can mean uncertainty or awkwardness.
Music has been an integral part of Cuban culture since the African slaves brought rhythms and ritual dances from the Santeria religion. Over time, rhythms and dances were blended with Spanish guitars and melodies. In the 1920s, much of the United States was enamored of rumba rhythms, which became fused with jazzy horn sections into big-band sounds. Cuban music is a combination of instruments including guitars, tres (a small Cuban stringed instrument with three pairs of strings), double bass, bongos, claves, maracas, and voice. Mambo, bolero, salsa, and cha-cha-cha music also have contributed to the popularity of Cuban music today ( ).
Implications for Nursing Care
Although Cuban Americans tend to be educated, literate, and bilingual, it is important for the nurse to assess comprehension of the English language. The elderly Cuban American is more likely to speak only Spanish ( ). The nurse should ascertain if it is easier for the patient to understand information, patient teaching, or consent materials in Spanish. It is important when materials are translated from English to Spanish to ascertain the reliability and validity of the translation, since research has shown direct translation from one language to another may change the meaning of a message ( ).
When the patient does not speak English, a Spanish-speaking person (preferably a Cuban interpreter) who speaks the dialect of the patient should be used. The patient may prefer interpretation to be done by a family member. When issues related to a terminal prognosis or sexuality are involved, the patient may prefer to speak only with older members of the immediate family. However, if an HIV/AIDS diagnosis is to be discussed, the Cuban patient may not want this information discussed with another family member. In this situation, if a translator is needed, it is important to find a translator who is preferably a health provider outside the family. The nurse should be aware that Cubans often use a loud tone of voice in normal conversation and that commands or requests may seem to be direct and aggressive. The nurse should not interpret loudness as rudeness. It is also helpful to be aware that Cubans typically are spontaneous and outgoing. It is generally not considered impolite to interrupt others during conversation. The nurse should be aware that privacy is an important consideration. Highly sensitive or personal information may be withheld from the nurse.
The family may prefer that certain information regarding illness and prognosis be withheld from the patient. In some cases, it is important to discuss information with the family to determine what information should be shared with the patient and by whom. Whereas more acculturated patients will be more likely to want to be informed of serious information, less acculturated patients may prefer that information be given to family members who will share it as they see fit.
Cubans tend to stand close to others when talking. Touching or tapping another person may be done to make a point. In the United States, Cubans have tended to choose to live in tight communities, close to other Cubans. This facilitates a high level of identity with Cuban culture. When persons in the family are sick or in need, when possible, other family members will physically appear as a means of support. Cubans may take advantage of the travel authorized by the U.S. Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control, which allows persons to travel to Cuba to visit close relatives ( ).
The nurse should not be surprised when a Cuban American who learns of an ill family member feels a sense of urgency to be at that person's side. Physical presence of family members to provide support is highly valued, so hospital rooms filled with family and friends are common.
Social Organization
Although Cuban Americans often feel strongly about a variety of social organizations, for most, the family is the most important social unit. Cubans share the Latino value of familismo, in which families are seen as an important source of support and identity. In addition, the cultural importance attached to personalismo indicates an emphasis on trust, respect and warmth in social relationships ( ). Traditionally, the Cuban family has been patriarchal, with a dominant male and a dependent female ( ). These roles have changed somewhat as a result of women entering the work force in larger numbers ( ). Although younger couples may develop more egalitarian relationships, traditional family roles and values persist. Women often take the role of emotional provider and mediator, which can be burdensome when combined with the other roles in the family ( ). Children tend to have strong relationships with parents and to be supported long after becoming adults. Whether in Cuba or in Miami, when a daughter becomes 15 years old, an extravagant birthday party announces arrival at the age of courting. Elderly people are offered respect by children and extended family. Elders assist in care of younger generations, and in turn when they need care, they are usually cared for within the home. Traditionally, nursing homes are used for the sick or elderly only if the family is unable to provide care.
In a classic study by , feeding and weaning practices of Cuban and Haitian immigrant mothers in South Florida were assessed. Findings revealed that social, economic, and political factors in both Cuba and Florida affected beliefs and practices. Cuban mothers expected and encouraged weaning from the breast to the bottle and introduction of solid foods at an early age. These expectations, as well as prolonged bottle-feeding, relate to the common Cuban belief that a healthy child is a chubby child ( ). Often the overweight child, by medical standards, is seen as normal or even underweight ( ; ). Another factor that contributes to early weaning is the Cuban concept of femininity and sexual attractiveness, which associates breastfeeding with deformity of the breast and therefore decreased female attractiveness to men ( ). An additional cultural value that promotes early and prolonged bottle-feeding is that crying is decreased because the bottle acts as a pacifier. Crying is considered an unacceptable behavior for infants and preschool children, with quietness being associated with happiness and contentment. Latina women associate crying by a child with the inability to meet a child's physical and psychoemotional needs ( ). Last, the impact of women entering the work force and the convenience of bottle-feeding cannot be overlooked ( ). It is important for the nurse to be aware of cultural beliefs that promote early weaning and prolonged use of the bottle for Cuban-American children. Patient teaching needs to address criteria for defining a "healthy" baby, the meaning of crying, and alternative ways to respond to crying.
Prior to Castro, 85% of the population was cited as Roman Catholic ( ). However, until recently the society was highly secularized, with most people showing little interest in organized religion. Until 1991, governmental policy excluded persons with religious beliefs from membership in the Communist party. Today, there exists a resurgence in religion, and there is growth in many congregations. Some 1800 churches and chapels are present on the island. The population is currently listed as 47% Catholic, 5% Protestant, and 22% nonreligious. Although Catholicism is the most prevalent faith group, many Cubans combine ideas of African voodoo origin to form beliefs known as Santeria into their customs and practices. The practice of Santeria combines practices from the worship of Orisha, with its associated rituals, animal sacrificing, wearing of amulets, incantations, magic, and spirit possession practiced by the Yoruba tribe of Nigeria, and the cult worship of Roman Catholic saints or santos. It has been estimated that approximately 5% of Cubans practice Santeria ( Time Almanac, 2011).
Small numbers of people in Cuba practice spiritualism, which emphasizes communication with the dead, and brujeria, a form of witchcraft ( ). Churches are required to register with the Cuban government and to adhere to rules of association. Religious beliefs are not discussed in school.
It is estimated that 85% of Cubans in South Florida are professing Catholics. However, Cuban Americans tend to practice a personalized religion, with many families having shrines at the entrance to their homes, yards, or place of business. Crucifixes, pictures, or statues of saints are common inside the home. The religious holidays of Christmas, Three Kings Day ( Los Tres Reyes Magos ), and the festivals of La Caridad del Cobre (September 8) and Santa Barbara (December 4) are occasions for celebration ( ). Christmas Eve ( Noche Buena ) is also celebrated, with a pig cooked over charcoal and followed by attendance at midnight Mass. Some holidays that Cuban Americans recognize honor both a Catholic saint and an African god, such as St. Lazarus's Day (December 17). Cuban Americans may celebrate other Cuban holidays, including Liberation Day (January 1), Labor Day (May 1), the Anniversary of the Attack on the Moncada Garrison in Santiago de Cuba in 1953 (July 26), and the beginning of the War of Independence from Spain (October 10). Mother's Day is recognized on the second Sunday in May ( ).
Castro increasingly advanced education as a priority in Cuban society and as a way to promote Communist thinking ( ). Primary, secondary, technical, and higher education are provided to all citizens free of cost. Preschool is available in urban areas. Education is considered mandatory by the state for children between ages 5 and 12. Some 90% of children continue to secondary school, even if it means leaving a rural area to live at a boarding school. Graduates of secondary school may take college entrance exams or attend a technical training institute. Special schools are available for the mentally or physically challenged and for students gifted in the arts and sports. It is estimated that there is one teacher for every 45 inhabitants in Cuba ( ). The literacy rate in Cuba is 95% ( ).
Students in secondary school are likely to live in a boarding school in a rural area, dividing their time between school and agricultural labor. However, even though most boarding schools are often combined with farm work, food may be limited and supplemented by parental gifts. While education is free, the lack of incentive of higher wages for professionals prompts some students in universities to drop out of school. While a doctor, engineer, or lawyer may earn twice as much as a laborer, a waiter or guide without much education may easily earn more money by obtaining "tips" ( ). In the United States, among Cuban-American males, 75% are high school graduates or higher, compared with 76.0% of Cuban-American females. Similarly, 24.6% of Cuban-American males held at least a bachelor's degree, compared with 25.0% of Cuban-American females ( ).
It is important for the nurse to appreciate that an immigrant from Cuba will have experienced a different level of care, depending on social class and time of immigration. More recently, Cubans have become accustomed to a system of primary health care and to the delivery of health care services to the community. However, the family is still central to health practices. Since Cuban families often care for the elderly in their homes, it is important for the nurse to use creative and culturally appropriate strategies to assist family members to be caregivers. Both professionals and caregivers reported that the "online discussion" was valuable and useful in facilitating the provision of care in the home setting.
Death is also an event that occurs in a community context. Tangible aid is offered to the family by providing assistance with doing household chores, making funeral arrangements, giving gifts of candles and floral wreaths, and providing hospitality for family and friends who have traveled from afar. Memories are kept alive by remembering the dead on birthdays, the anniversary of the death, and visits to the grave. The nurse should be aware that when death occurs, it is normal for Cuban Americans to express grief openly and with loud crying. Immediate female family members will usually wear black during mourning.
The nurse should be aware that Cubans and Cuban Americans may take opposite political positions about the present Cuban government and the position of the United States toward Cuba. Cuban Americans who supported Batista and who emigrated from Cuba may still be considered counterrevolutionary by the present supporters of Castro. Cubans in America may have opposite ideas on the best future for Cuba, with some thinking the United States should intervene with military force while others advocate for a more peaceful resolution to the conflict ( ). Thus, information available to the nurse about Cuba and from Cubans may appear irreconcilable. The nurse should be aware that a Cuban American may have family in Cuba that could receive retaliation for a position that does not support the prevailing government.
The nurse should be aware that Cuban Americans may belong to a variety of church groups. Since religious beliefs vary, the nurse should assess a Cuban patient for religious orientation and needs. The predominant religion of Cuban Americans continues to be Catholic. For Catholics, praying and reciting a rosary, worship of important saints, confession, and communion may be important practices to be included in the plan of care ( ). The nurse should also appreciate and respect that Cuban Americans, much like many other Americans, may use an eclectic approach to health-seeking practices, combining Western medicine with folk medicine, home remedies, and use of santeros and spiritualists ( ). Santeria and a santero priest may be used when Western medicine and the church fail to offer healing. While most ceremonies conducted by a santero are held in the home, if the patient desires the ceremony to be conducted in the hospital, health care professionals should respect this choice. The nurse should not assume that a Cuban American will practice the Santeria religion. It is estimated that while Cuban Americans may be familiar with the Santeria religion, only a relatively small percentage (5% to 10%) of more recent immigrants in Miami may actually practice the Santeria religion.
It is important to note that as in any culture where slavery has been part of the nation's history, there is a likelihood of prejudice. Nurses need to be aware of the possibility of discriminatory racial dynamics, especially among the elderly of this community. Given that prior to the Castro revolution the "well-to-do" in Cuba were accustomed to having black servants, many elderly Cubans continue to harbor attitudes and values of a more antiquated period. However, those Cuban Americans who have become acculturated and have internalized mainstream values related to class and race are less likely to subscribe to such attitudes and discriminating behaviors.
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Tags: Transcultural Nursing
Dec 29, 2019 | Posted by drzezo in NURSING | Comments Off on Cuban Americans


Brazil has sent its first-ever mango shipment to South Africa, following an export agreement recently reached between the two countries after three years of negotiations.
The Confederation of Agriculture and Livestock of Brazil (CNA) reported that South Africa has now opened its market for mangoes grown in the São Francisco Valley.
The area represents 90% of national production and last year exported 150000 metric tons (MT) of the fruit, with returns of US$213 million, to countries such as the Netherlands, the U.S. and Spain, according to local media.
"Recently, the region exported the first batch of 25 MT to the African country, as a result of the dialogue between the governments of the two countries and the support of the CNA and the Brazilian Association of Exporters of Fruits and Derivatives (Abres) during the negotiations," said the CNA.
Daniel Briso, one of the mango producers benefiting from the agreement, had previously commented that the South African market presented two advantages for Brazil.
"It is a country that, in addition to producing, is also a large mango consumer," he was quoted as saying.
"The second big advantage is that they consume a lot of the Tommy Atkins variety, which is a variety that we have difficulties commercializing in Europe, as they are migrating toward fiber-free varieties".
Eduardo Brandão, technical advisor to the National Fruit Commission of the CNA, added that Brazilian exports of mangoes to the country should increase in the coming years.
Caio Coelho, marketing director of association Valexport, earlier this year told local media that the producers were preparing to meet the new demand.
"We produce 700,000 MT of mango annually in an area of 30,000 hectares, most of them with Tommy Atkins, Palmer, Kent and Keitt varieties," he was quoted as saying.
He expected that all exports to South Africa would be made via sea freight.
Brazil's season runs from August until December, while South Africa usually starts around January.


A new coordinated strike by train drivers of two unions threatens to disrupt the lives of millions of commuters.
A MYSTERY intruder who forced pupils to miss a week of crucial classes has cost a school "tens of thousands of pounds".
Detectives hunting the killers of a young City lawyer stabbed to death yards from his Willesden home have issued descriptions of witnesses they want to trace.
Biggin Hill airport chiefs have put the final touches to a plan they say is vital to its future.
A PENSIONER has been banned from seeing a doctor after a confrontation over his wife's condition.
Police hunting those behind the failed London bombings of July 21 have arrested a 27-year-old man in west London.
A Tube dispute, which caused two strikes, could be settled after a new deal has been reached.
The man who has transformed London's bus services has been appointed as the city's new transport commissioner.


Home > News > NFLG News > Beautiful springtime shouldn't be neglected, also the preparation for production.
Beautiful springtime shouldn't be neglected, also the preparation for production.
In March, everywhere is full of vitality, as the mobile crushing equipment workshop of NFLG. Since NFLG has fully entered the mobile crushing and screening field from 2017, after multi-directional, all-field technology upgrade, service reengineering, production promotion and marketing integration, mobile crushing equipment produced by NFLG has received good feedback from the markets, and the sales have continued to heat up since the beginning of 2018.
After the spring festival, sales of NFLG's mobile crushing equipment are advancing rapidly, and more than 20 million sales have been sold in total. Except the equipment that has been sold, there are nearly 20 sets of tracked mobile crushing and screening stations are planned for production in the second quarter of 2018. NFLG plans to provide prompt feedback on market demand with a spot mode of delivery and supply.
In order to meet the demand of continuous hot order, NFLG's mobile crushing workshop is actively preparing for production to ensure timely supply of the orders. When walk into the mobile crushing workshop of NFLG, you'll see each process is closely matched, the production, assembly and debugging work are quite orderly, the planned tidy production site is busy and orderly, the busy figure and the attentive expression of the employees can be seen everywhere in the workshop. All of these are to make sure that the mobile crushing equipment can be sent to our clients in time, and we're striving for the perfect delivery of mobile crushing equipment in 2018.
At the same time, with the gradual progress of the marketing system, sales momentum abroad continues to increase, and the overseas customers took advantage of the rest period to go to the company to inspect the goods, to learn the technology and to receive training.
With the continuous segmentation of the domestic crushing and screening market, the status of building materials aggregate has been changed from cheap ground material to precious resources. Prescient users have come to realize that occupying the upper reaches of the supply chain will have a direct impact on cost control, so the convenient production mode of tracked mobile crushing station has preempted the initiative.
As a mobile crushing and screening equipment produced by NFLG with internationalized technical pedigree,NFLG has won the recognition of the market in recent years by reshaping the localized marketing and service system, consolidating the reliable and stable equipment quality and actively exploring the market.
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On Thursday we reported that Live Nation has partnered with marketing agency INVNT to celebrate the 50th anniversary of Woodstock to create an event that will take place at the original festival grounds in Bethel Woods, NY, from Aug. 16-18. Michael Lang, producer and co-creator of the original Woodstock Festival, has just announced that he will produce his own official anniversary celebration which will occur elsewhere.
Lang will make an announcement over the coming weeks for his plans to honor the 50th anniversary of Woodstock.
We're Only In It For The Money.
Problem is, there's no Peace and Love.


If you wish to carry out excavation work on the Highway you are required to obtain a licence under Section 171 of the Highways Act 1980.
A licence to excavate is granted if you wish to excavate the Highway but are not planning to create a vehicle crossing or install apparatus. If you are planning to lay new apparatus or carry out repairs to existing apparatus you will require a Section 50 application. If you are planning to create a new vehicle crossing or amend an existing crossing point you will require a Vehicle Crossing application.
For some of the above works, planning permission may be required. Please contact our planning department on 0300 1234 151.
Please follow the links below to download a blank copy of our Licence to Excavate application form and list of our accredited contractors. The accredited contractors list is not a recommendation from Cornwall Council but merely a list of companies that we know hold the relevant qualifications and insurance.
A licence to excavate takes a minimum of 4 weeks notice to process, this will rise to 3 months notice if you require a Temporary Traffic Regulation Order such as a road closure or if the works are longer than 10 days in duration.
The cost of a Licence to Excavate is £225. Payment can be submitted with the application in the form of a cheque made payable to Cornwall Council or a card payment can be taken once the licence has been approved.
Once you have a completed application form, you can either send a copy by post to Street Works, Western Group Centre, Radnor Road, Scorrier, Redruth, TR165EH or it can be emailed to streetworks@cornwall.gov.uk.
Your Accredited Contractor must be covered by £5 million Public Liability Insurance and will need to have Street works Qualifications for both a Supervisor and Operative. These must be different people; you cannot have the same person supervising and carrying out the works.
Once Street works receive the completed application form we will assess the application and check that the information supplied is correct. If we require any further information we will either contact the applicant or the accredited contractor depending on the nature of the query.
Once the application is approved, a signed copy of the licence will be sent to the applicant and a copy forwarded to the nominated accredited contractor.