text:
Validation of the GISS GCM: A Study of Ocean and Climate Modeling
By Meghan Conk
Global warming is hot issue, pun possibly intended, getting much attention from politicians, scientists, and citizens alike. Current research shows an increase in Earth's global mean temperature in the last century of approximately 0.5°C - 0.7°C (IPCC 1995), particularly since the 1970s (Sagan 1997) and predicts that this rise will continue through the next (Titus and Narayanan 1995). The changes have been primarily attributed to anthropogenic effects, such as the burning of fossil fuels, which has caused increase in carbon dioxide, in turn trapping heat within Earth's atmosphere and warming the planet (IPCC 1995). Further temperature changes may have far-reaching effects, as they are predicted to intensify the strength of the hydrologic cycle and possibly cause increased rates of droughts and floods. Sea level rise due to thermal expansion of the upper layers of the ocean and melting ice sheets may endanger low-lying areas around the globe (Titus and Narayan 1995, Hansen and Lebedoff 1988, Lemonick 2001).
To understand the 'hows and whys' of global warming, we must look at the processes that drive climate, both on a regional and global scale. It is more feasible to study than weather on a long-term basis, because while weather fluctuates on a daily basis, being chaotic and nearly impossible to predict for the long-term, climate remains relatively stable over long periods of time. There are many variables that impact climate, including carbon dioxide and methane levels in the atmosphere, sea surface temperatures, solar radiation, and volcanic aerosols. However, scientists are unsure of the extent of the impact of each of the variables. For example, the oceans play a critical role in climate, but the extent of their impact is still a focus of current research.
Scientists at GISS have developed models, GCMs, or General Circulation Models, that simulate the driving processes of the ocean and atmosphere, and can then make predictions of future climates based on variables such as the carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere. Current models cannot necessarily make accurate predictions of the future, and our study sought to examine the accuracy of a particular model. It is important that the climate models developed make predictions that are reasonably accurate, so that they may be a source of information about the effects of atmospheric changes, such as the increase in carbon dioxide levels, on climate.
The focus of our research was to evaluate a GCM and to identify its strengths and weaknesses. The particular model we are using is an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) with three treatments that differ in the way that the ocean is included. In order to understand climate, it is important to realize that the oceans have a profound impact on the atmosphere. In the first atmospheric model, the sea surface temperature is specified; therefore, variations in ocean temperature in response to changes in the atmosphere are prohibited. The "q-flux" treatment allows the model to predict the ocean temperature, and reflects the heat budget for the upper ocean. The ocean currents are prescribed, therefore the outcomes of this treatment reflect changes in heat due to the dynamic balance of insolation, radiation, and evaporation. In other words, this treatment allows heat to be redistributed between the ocean and the atmosphere. The "coupled" treatment of the model is a compilation of both the AGCM and the Oceanic General Circulation Model (OGCM). This treatment allows forcings in the ocean and in the atmosphere to respond to one another. In this way, this treatment is most realistic, most like real-life, but may not be the most accurate, as climate is a chaotic entity that is extremely difficult to predict.
Ultimately, climate is driven by the unequal distribution of energy from the Sun on Earth. This inequality is due to the tilt of the Earth on its axis, as well as the Earth's rotation. Energy from the Sun reaches Earth in the form of radiation, and is then either reflected by the clouds, or land and water on the surface of the Earth, or absorbed and re-radiated. Primarily, energy reaches the Earth in the form of light (short wave radiation), it is then re-radiated at lower frequency, mainly as infrared radiation. Infrared (heat) radiation can be trapped by the gases in the Earth's atmosphere, heating the planet by what is known as the Greenhouse Effect. Energy is redistributed on Earth primarily by convection within the atmosphere and the oceans. These resulting currents drive weather systems, as they result in rising and falling air, changes in humidity, temperature, and precipitation.
The many variables that affect weather and climate have been built into the computer model and they can be analyzed individually using climatologies, images that map quantities of a particular variable on a global scale. The variables that we have chosen to analyze in detail are those related to hydrological and radiative data, including cloud cover, precipitation, specific humidity, incident solar radiation, albedo, and net thermal radiation. It is important to study the radiative variables because of their fundamental influence on climate; solar energy and the Earth's absorption and re-radiation of this energy are ultimately the driving force. Hydrological influences are also important, particularly to humans, because these variables are often hardest predict, but affect local weather and climate quite dramatically.
Our main objectives in this investigation are to determine the accuracy of the model in making predictions, to study the roles of the variables in climate and the relationships between them, and to assess the extent of the impact of the ocean on global climate. It is our hope that our findings will help to determine which aspects of the model need improvement; these improvements should in turn lead to more accurate predictions. If we can help to develop an accurate model of climate, we can use this model to predict climate changes, and to predict and anticipate natural and anthropogenic effects on climate. As James Hansen (1994) said, "A climate model is a tool that lets us experiment with a facsimile of the climate system, helping us think about and analyze climate, in ways which we could not, and would not want to, experiment with the real world."
Our research was a comparison of a 5-year climatology of the GCM with three ocean treatments with observational data, with the aim of understanding how well hydrological and radiative processes are being simulated by each ocean treatment. The data to be analyzed are simulated data generated by the three treatments of the General Circulation Model (GCM) (atmospheric, q-flux, and coupled), as well as data from observations. The three treatments of the AGCM are distinct in their treatment of the ocean. In the atmospheric model, there is a fixed Sea Surface Temperature (SST). Because 70% of the Earth's surface is ocean, having a fixed Sea Surface Temperature will tend to make outputs of this version of the model closest to the observation data. However, this model is only useful if the SST is known. It is not useful for making future predictions, and does not allow for changes in the energy exchanges between the ocean and the atmosphere. In the Q-flux model, a fixed amount of energy is exchanged through ocean currents. This mixed ocean layer treatment allows the model to predict the ocean temperature; changes in the ocean heat content occur due to changes in evaporation, radiation, etc. The coupled model is a combined AGCM (Atmospheric General Circulation Model) and OGCM (Oceanic General Circulation model). In this treatment, variables are allowed to vary in response to one another, for example, SST in response to atmospheric forcings. While the coupled model is the most physically realistic, because it allows variables to change one another as they do in real life, it is also the least accurate, as only the starting values are prescribed. However, in order to make accurate predictions of future climate, we will need to use a simulation like the coupled model.
Observational data were gathered from satellites, airplanes, radiosondes, land and sea based stations, and were interpolated for areas between stations. Because neither satellites nor surface based stations can make comprehensive global measurements, it was important that we compile data from a number of sources. Satellites, however, are considered to be the best data source (Jones and Wigley 1990). Data were collected for many variables including radiative variables (such as temperature, incident solar radiation, albedo, and re-radiation) and hydrological variables (such as cloud cover, snow cover, precipitation, and barometric pressure) for the summer and winter seasons (in January and July). The months of January and July were selected because they represent seasonal patterns and extremes. Some variables, such as surface air temperature, can be measured directly. Others must be resolved from other values. Where possible, data were collected at three different pressure intervals within the atmosphere: at the surface, at 850mb, and at 500mb (approximately 5.5 km). The observation data used were for a 5-year period in the 1980s.
The first phase of our research was to qualitatively compare the simulated data generated by the three treatments of the model with observed data from different information sources. In order to accomplish this task, global climatologies (averages over a significant numebr of years) were produced . These climatolgies were visualized using the NMAPSx program, which uses a color scheme to manufacture plots superimposed over a map of the world. Climatologies were produced for each variable (e.g. surface air temp, SLP, OLR, etc.), FOR both the observation data and the simulated data for each version of the model. These visualizations use colors to indicate differences in the values for the particular variable, and allow for simpler qualitative analysis of global patterns.
We analyzed the data qualitatively by visually comparing the observed data image to the image produced by the SST model. We first assessed whether the images were globally realistic for each variable, and whether gross features were indicated (e.g. showing the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)) and in their expected location. Next, we looked for global patterns, and identified world regions of great consistency and areas where the model and observation data sets diverged. After examining each variable individually, we compared our findings for different variables, and formed an integrated summary to select regions for more in depth study, looking for patterns such as regions of great accuracy or inaccuracy across all variables. We then related these findings to unique characteristics (i.e. landforms, meteorological aspects, ocean currents) of the regions.
To quantitatively compare the sets, we used the Nmapsx utility to create difference maps for a number of variables. We created difference maps for the variables of surface air temperature, total cloud cover, sea level pressure, outgoing thermal radiation, and absorbed solar radiation. We then used the maps to highlight the differences between the models and observations, and to assess whether the differences were due simply to interannual variability within the data, or due to inaccuracies in the model. Using these maps, WE focused on the regions of the Amazon in South America, the North American Continent, and the Tibetan Plateau in Asia, and tried to find connections between the variables that might explain why there were differences between the model and observations. My focus was on the region of the continental (48 states) and coastal United States.
To compare the versions of the model to one another, we utilized difference maps along with student's T-tests to determine if the differences between the Q-flux and coupled models and the SST model were statistically significant. Significance tests indicate whether the differences are indeed due to problems in the model, rather than due simply to interrannual variability.
Figure 1: Total Cloud Coverage (%) July: ISCCP Observation and SST Model
Figure 1 shows the global total cloud coverage in the observational data and in the SST treatment of the model for July. After comparing the SST model to the observation data (figure 1), we notice that gross features such as the ITCZ and Mid-Latitude Storm Tracks are represented as expected, e.g. we notice bands of cloud cover just north of the equator in July, and south of the equator in January. The Southeast Asian monsoons are indicated as areas of intense cloud cover, while the Sahara desert region contains few clouds. In the Southern Hemisphere, cloud cover is more uniformly distributed in a band because there is less land. While global patterns were well represented, as shown in the above figure, the model tended to be less intense than observations for many variables. We also noted expected agreement between variables on a global scale. For instance, in more arid regions (areas with low specific humidity and precipitation), we saw greater outgoing thermal radiation, and higher sea level pressures. Areas of intense low cloud cover also tended to have more precipitation and cooler surface air temperatures as anticipated.
Figure 2: Total Cloud Cover Difference Map (SST model-observed): Continental U.S. (July)
Figure 2 is a difference map; showing the difference between the SST model and observations of total cloud cover for July in the continental United States. We examined the SST model vs. the observations for the summer season in the region of the continental and coastal United States (lower 48 states), the most dramatic differences between the simulated model data and the observation data are seen in the variable of cloud cover. It seems that the misrepresentations of total cloud cover in the model tend to cause simulations of other variables to be off target as well. For example, in the Gulf of Mexico, the total cloud cover is overestimated by 8.2% to nearly 40% (Figure 2). Consequently, precipitation is also overestimated, by .5 mm to over 10 mm. In addition, too much cloud cover would lead to lower net solar radiation; in a large portion of the Gulf, it is underestimated by over 100 W/m2, because intuitively if there are more clouds, less sunlight can penetrate to the surface.
Model images of the Pacific Coast region show highly underestimated cloud cover, by approximately 25% to 75%. This leads to a higher net solar radiation than expected (by 12 W/m2 to almost 130 W/m2), because solar radiation is not reflecting off of clouds, and therefore more radiation can get through into the atmosphere. More radiation being absorbed, and then re-radiated, would lead to higher than expected surface air temperatures, shown in model images as much as 16.2°C higher than the observation data (Figure 3). There is no significant difference, however, in modeled vs. observed precipitation, perhaps because July is a dry month for this region.
Figure 3: Precipitation Difference Map (SST-OBS): Continental US (July)
An important finding in our in-depth study of United States climate is the dramatic impact that clouds can play in climate. One of our objectives was to investigate the interrelationships of the climate variables, and how they affect model functioning. Simulating cloud cover in the model is a very complicated task, and this example clearly demonstrates its importance. However, since there are multiple feedbacks in the climate system concerning clouds, it can be very difficult to track down the particular cause of model errors in a particular region. In the case of North America, we observed that an inaccuracy in cloud cover seemed to lead the model astray in simulating many other variables, and therefore misrepresenting many aspects of climate in the United States. Although this was brought out using simulated (model) data, were able to see the effects of cloud cover on many other variables including thermal radiation, solar radiation, and surface air temperature. Previous versions of the SST model also seemed to have difficulty accurately depicting cloud cover.
Our other major objective was to assess the accuracy of the model in making predictions. We found that on a global scale, the SST model is fairly consistent in modeling gross climate features. This was expected, as discussed earlier, because in this treatment of the model, the sea surface temperature is input directly. Since sea surface encompasses 70% of the Earth's surface, the model should model climate quite accurately. We did notice that the SST model tends to exaggerate some features, such as the Southeast Asian monsoons, or the Sahara Desert, in terms of the intensity of many variables, making these features more extreme in the model than what is actually observed. Therefore, if the model developers make slight changes in the way these regions are represented, the model may represent them more accurately.
Two concerns that arose in our research involve uncertainties in the observations used, and uncertainty in the workings of the model. Although we used observation data from a number of sources, incorporating both surface based and satellite based instrumentation, some of the data was interpolated data, as there are not weather stations or satellites that can cover all parts of the world. We are unsure of how accurate the observations are, particularly in remote ocean regions, or in areas that are sparsely populated, and for some variables the data from different sources seemed to conflict. This became a limitation when assessing the differences between the simulated model data and the observation data. It is important to have confidence in the observations before deciding that differences are due to misrepresentations by the model. Also, since we ourselves did not write the program for the treatments of the model, we may draw conclusions based on assumptions that may not be reflected in the model's programming.
The importance of creating a globally valid fixed-SST model is that it is the next step in developing a model that will accurately predict climate change. Our research objective was to identify areas, whether regions or variables, that the model does not simulate accurately so that they may improved. Questions remain about what is causing clouds to be misrepresented by the model, and why the model intensity seems to be exaggerated in many variables. Once these questions can be answered, and updates can be made to the SST model to make it simulate climate even more accurately, we can again compare the SST model to the coupled model. A future version of the coupled model can be used to predict the impacts of future climate change, a topic that could influence our lives dramatically in the future.
Gornitz, V., S. Couch, and E.K. Hartig, 2000. Climate change and the coast: Impacts in the New York City metropolitan region. Eos, 81, S73.
Hansen, James, 1994. Public Understanding of Global Climate Change. Comments at Symposium in Honor of Carl Sagan's 60th Birthday. Cornell University, Ithaca, NY. 14 October 1994.
Hansen, J, and S. Lebedoff 1988. Global Surface Air Temperatures: Update through 1987 . Geophysics Res. Lett: 15, 323-326.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 1996. Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change. New York: Cambridge UP.
Jones, Philip D. and Tom M. L. Wigley, 1990. Global Warming Trends. Scientific American.
Lemonick, Michael D., 2001. Life in the Greenhouse.
Sagan, Carl 1997. Billions and Billions — Thoughts on Life and Death at the Brink of the Millennium. New York: Ballantine.
Titus, James G. and Vijay Narayanan, 1995. The Probability of Sea Level Rise. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.


text:
EBONYLIFE MEDIA
EL Now
BFI London Film Festiva, Biyi Bandele, CEO Mo Abudu, CNN, CNN tweets, CNN's Isha Sesay, Dakore Egbuson, EbonyLife Films, ebonylife tv, Eko Hotel and Suites, FIFTY, FIFTY shades of grey, Ireti Doyle, Mr Nigeria, nse ikpe etim, omoni oboli, The Movie FIFTY
CNN tweets about EbonyLife's debut feature film titled "FIFTY"
Sep 7, 2015 So, everyone is talking about EbonyLife's debut feature film, "Fifty", including CNN which tweeted about the film on Friday.
CNN highlighted that executive producer of "Fifty", CEO of EbonyLife TV Mo Abudu, as well as Producer and Director of the movie, Biyi Bandele, want to show African women like never before.
The movie "Fifty", selected to premiere at the 2015 BFI London Film Festival on October 17 stars Nollywood actresses Nse Ikpe-Etim, Ireti Doyle, Dakore Egbuson and Omoni Oboli.
Set in Lagos, "Fifty" tells the story of four African women coming of age, with similar aspirations and dilemmas.
"Fifty" will be premiering in Nigeria at Eko Hotel and Suites, Lagos on December 18.
FIFA reform committee strong on platitudes, short on detail →← Toolz has wedding introduction ceremony with fiancé Tunde Demuren
EbonyLife TV and Sony Pictures Television to produce Nigerian version of Dating Game reality show
EBONYLIFE TV HOSTS "MEET & GREET" WITH INVEST AFRICA
Bellanaija showcases 10 natural hair ideas from Cynthia Kamalu
TWEET EL NOW A LOVE POEM TO YOUR MOTHER AND WIN HER AN EXQUISITE MOTHERS DAY BOUQUET. GET THE DETAILS.
© 2021 EbonyLife TV

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


With some manufacturers jamming as many features, services and methods of mobile connectivity as will fit into their newest models of smartphones, it seems as though the latest devices are struggling more than ever to maintain a strong battery life. However, one company is going in the opposite direction, announcing a new phone that will hold its charge for an astonishing 35 days – and it only costs $20.
The Nokia 105, is a bit of a throwback for the Finnish phone producer, which had gained a reputation for producing simple, durable phones before going heavy into the smartphone market in recent years. Like many of its ancestors, the Nokia 105 is marketed as a tough phone with a keypad that is dust-proof and splash-proof. As to features, though, the phone doesn't offer much else.
With a 1.4-inch screen, the Nokia 105 provides little visual feedback for users and features a handful of games and multimedia options. It also lacks a camera. The phone will make calls and send and receive text messages, but that's about it – an unusual concept considering the dominance of smartphones on major markets today.
It's for that exact reason that Nokia is only releasing the phone in smaller, developing countries, as part of an effort to make its devices available to the many people around the globe who wouldn't normally have the money for a cell phone and have only limited access to power sources.
Nokia's move flies in the face of what many cell phone manufacturers are doing. While companies like Apple and Samsung are in a slugfest to find out which one can produce the device that is most aesthetically pleasing and has the most power, it's a fascinating change of pace to see companies like Nokia focusing on a phone's fundamental elements, such as the bonding of battery terminals and thermal management technologies.
After initially struggling with figuring out how to bond aluminum and steel without encountering corrosion issues, Honda has announced that it will be incorporating aluminum into door panels in its models.
In an effort to lower the overall weight of its vehicles to increase fuel efficiency, Honda revealed that it is using a revolutionary new "3-D lock seam" weld that allows them to bond steel and aluminum in the door panels by folding the seam back over and hemming it twice. The automobile manufacturer has been making an effort to use aluminum, which is significantly lighter than steel, in as many instances as it can in new models. According to Honda, the inclusion of aluminum in the production of door panels will lower the weight of the component by 17 percent. The first car to feature this new element will be the North American version of the Acura RLX.
Honda's struggles with the process are no different from any manufacturer that attempts to incorporate methods for joining dissimilar metals into its production process, with common problems including corrosion and attempting to deal with how two different metals handle temperature changes. The latter issue is why thermal management technologies are so important in any production process, so as to deal with the different expansion and retraction rates in the metals, a process that can wreak havoc on any bonding method.
Companies such as S-Bond will be instrumental in the effort to incorporate lighter metals such as aluminum into vehicles without sacrificing the strength and stability that steel provides in a car's frame, but not just in doors. So while Honda appears to have succeeded in figuring out how to bond aluminum in this one particular instance, a bevy of challenges remain for companies attempting to find uses and methods of joining dissimilar metals.
By using a breakthrough design for lithium batteries that eliminates one of the main factors for deterioration, particularly in the current generations of lithium-silicon cells, researchers at the University of Southern California have developed a new battery model that boasts vastly improved longevity as well as shortened charging times, as a report published in Nano Research shows.
The revolutionary batteries will be available for use in small electronic devices, cars and everything in between. They will reportedly have triple the life of a conventional graphite-based battery and can be charged in just 10 minutes, according to a release from the University.
The research group, led by USC Viterbi School of Engineering professor Chongwu Zhou, was comprised of a team of graduate students who worked to come up with a solution to a problem faced by nearly all silicon-based batteries on the market today. Currently, the anodes of batteries consist of microscopic-thin sheets of metal – silicon in the case of many newer batters – and create a current by passing lithium ions through the sheets.
However, when the ions pass through the sheets, they force the metal to expand and shrink and, over time, break down. According to the Nano Research report, the USC team scrapped the idea of using sheets all together, instead using a silicon and titanium-based nanotube array structure "that is much more conducive to letting the ions pass through it than the solid sheets.
"It's an exciting research. It opens the door for the design of the next generation lithium-ion batteries," said Zhou, who was instrumental in the design of the arrays, which are less than 100 nanometers wide.
The newly developed array for the battery, which involves both silicon and titanium-based substances, is an example of how bonding dissimilar metals is a vital aspect of developing new energy technologies. Companies such as S-Bond that specialize in the creation of these components will be critical in driving future advances in the industry.
As the smart phone market becomes increasingly crowded and competitive, manufacturers are constantly jockeying for the edge in their phone's specs that will push their newest model to the forefront of the market. The biggest showdown in the industry today has emerged between the increasingly popular Samsung Galaxy line and Apple's iPhone. The rivalry between the two companies, though, has focused heavily on screen size rather than the device's features in recent months, with Apple struggling to keep up with its competitors.
Later this month, Samsung is expected to release the Galaxy S4, which will reportedly feature a 4.99-inch screen. Meanwhile, Apple has made attempts to avoid falling behind its competitors with a 4.8-inch screen on its own phone. However, manufacturers have struggled to incorporate the larger screen into iPhone.
Cases such as these are evidence that, even though a company has a design for the newest, groundbreaking phone in mind, the actual production of the device is not so simple. Manufacturers must always consider realities of creating safe and functional hardware, such as dealing with thermal management technologies, while still retaining optimal processing power and features.
This puts an extraordinary amount of pressure on companies, which are expected to make frequent upgrades to their existing products, with lofty standards placed on the features of each new phone. However, with each new development, there must be corresponding modifications to the device that allow it to handle the increased power. For example, the development of larger screens and more powerful processors is just as important as creating heat sinks that can withstand the increased stress placed upon the device.
While cell phone manufacturers are tasked with the implementation of new features in their new phones, it falls to companies such as S-Bond to develop thermal management solutions that allow such powerful devices to function in such a small package.
In the month of February we have seen two incidents that have brought the need for advanced battery technologies to the attention of millions of Americans. Earlier this month, sports fans – and fans of funny TV commercials – had their gameday festivities interrupted when a power outage at the Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana, halted the Super Bowl for 34 minutes.
And, more recently, the winter storm playfully named Nemo – reminding many of the animated film "Finding Nemo" – was anything but humorous when hundreds of thousands lost electricity thanks to heavy snowfall and jarring winds. We could even look back a few months further at the outages that lasted for more than a week in some areas following Hurricane Sandy.
Each of these offer strong arguments for a renewed focus on backup power and advanced battery technologies. Not only can they help to avoid the disruption to daily life and major events that come with blackouts, but they also offer a critical component in the success of alternative energy technologies like solar and wind power installations.
James Greenberger, the executive director of NAATBatt, a trade association representing many companies in the advanced battery technologies industry, recently wrote an article for The Energy Collective. In it, he said that the best and most effective advertisement during this year's Super Bowl didn't cost millions of dollars, nor did it last 30 seconds. It was a free 34-minute commercial for better battery and backup power solutions.
"The message that the industry needs to deliver is clear: While battery backup power systems are by no means a complete solution to power reliability problems, they can provide a margin of power and comfort in moments of grid interruption that would be welcomed and highly valued by millions of American consumers," Greenberger wrote.
Ultimately, innovative methods for bonding of battery terminals and other power storage technologies can improve the energy efficiency of everything from wind turbines and solar panel installations to eco-friendly cars and more. Could there have been a more effective Super Bowl ad than 34 minutes without power during the biggest sporting event of the year in America?
The demand for more alternative energy technologies and efficient, eco-friendly modes of transport is on the rise, as evidenced by the recent fracas between automaker Tesla and The New York Times.
Times reporter John Broder took the Tesla Model S electric car for a test drive to see if it lived up to the hype. In reading his article, one would have to surmise that it fell short – both literally and figuratively.
According to Broder, he charged the vehicle at a charging station in Newark, Delaware, before beginning his journey. The car gave him a 242-mile estimate before another charge would be necessary, which suited him just fine considering the next charging station was 206 miles away in Milford, Connecticut. But, Broder reported that he just barely made it to Milford.
Then, when stopping for the night in Groton, Connecticut, the vehicle told him he had about 90 miles of range left before another charge was needed. When he awoke the next morning however, that number dropped to 25 miles. After using a low-power socket to charge the Model S, the car reportedly died 17 miles short of his destination.
Tesla CEO Elon Musk decried the Times report in a public statement, saying that it was "false" and that Broder did not charge the vehicle to full capacity, that he traveled at speeds substantially over the posted limit and took an unplanned detour through heavy traffic in downtown Manhattan.
Of course, the Times stands by Broder and his account, so we'll have to wait until Tesla releases the vehicle logs for the journey before it is known exactly what happened. But this example perfectly illustrates how there is a clear desire and demand for electric vehicles not only to work, but to eventually replace their fossil fuel-reliant predecessors.
In order for this to happen, automakers are going to have to invest in innovative battery technologies, including cutting-edge methods for the bonding of battery terminals.
Research being done at Ohio State University could foreshadow a new generation of electric cars that weigh half as much as traditional consumer vehicles while making substantial improvements to energy efficiency, traction and maneuverability. And it could all be possible through innovative battery and thermal management technologies.
"With four wheels that turn independently, each with its own built-in electric motor and set of batteries, the experimental car is the only one of its kind outside of commercial carmakers' laboratories," according to a recent Tech Briefs article.
With each wheel having its own 7.5 kW electric motor and a 15 kW lithium-ion battery pack, motorists will have far greater control over their vehicles if these become commercially available. For example, as the article explained, the car has no traditional engine or transmission because of the wheel-specific electric motors. The resultant reduced weight and the ability to have one wheel brake while others accelerate mitigates risks of fishtailing in wet road conditions.
More and more, we are seeing technology breakthroughs that hinge on advanced manufacturing techniques, like state-of-the-art bonding of battery terminals or heat sink assembly. These processes hold the keys to more powerful and efficient consumer products, clean energy systems and a myriad of other market game-changers.
And even if one project does not ultimately make it big in the business and consumer spheres, the lessons learned during its evolution often help to write the first chapter of the next great success story.
Engineers at NASA are developing what they call a blue collar robot that could be the next big step toward a lunar resource processing plant.
The Regolith Advanced Surface Systems Operations Robot, or RASSOR (pronounced like "razor"), is being designed to excavate soil from the Moon's surface and then deposit it into a device that would extract water, ice and various chemicals to produce everything from rocket fuel to breathable air for astronauts.
If successful, this would greatly reduce payload weights because many resources could be cultivated on the Moon's surface rather than transported from Earth. Consequently, the fuel requirements and costs for space missions would see significant reductions.
Paramount to the project's success is NASA's ability to build a robot that is "light and small enough to fly on a rocket, but heavy enough to operate in gravity lower than that of Earth." This is where innovative methods of joining dissimilar metals come into play.
"The lighter you make your robot, the more difficult it is to do this excavating," said A.J. Nick, an engineer on the RASSOR team.
Positioned at each end of the robot's body are digging bucket drums whose weight offset one another. In order for them to be able to move as needed and hold 40 pounds of lunar soil at a time, metal joining methods that result in a lightweight body without sacrificing strength and durability are essential.
NASA has already run tests on an initial prototype and is currently at work on a RASSOR 2, which an agency press release says will undergo testing sometime in early 2014.
The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is the research and development arm of the Pentagon. It is responsible not only for some truly mind-blowing technological breakthroughs with both military and civilian applications, but also for facilitating private industry innovation and collaboration. In keeping with that tradition, DARPA has announced a formal solicitation for advanced thermal management technologies as part of a new initiative called ICECool.
As the news source points out, one significant hurdle manufacturers have faced in terms of thermal management of electronics is the size and weight of cooling subsystems. Advanced cooling techniques, including but not limited to ones that incorporate thermal management systems directly into chip architecture, are vital for the success of military and private industry initiatives.
With leading minds in both the government and private sector constantly searching for that next big breakthrough, the resulting innovations have the potential to revolutionize the way we build all manner of equipment and how it is put to use in a wide range of applications.
The clean energy industry and advanced manufacturing are inextricably linked. In the worst of economic times, both lead to innovation and job creation, while curbing climate change and bringing down the cost of electricity.
John Grant, director of the Next Economy Partnership Project at the New Policy Institute, wrote an article for Ideas Laboratory in which he explained that as clean energy production grows, so does the manufacturing sector in America. At the heart of it all are alternative energy technologies and the breakthroughs that are making them more affordable and more efficient.
Grant cites a recent study conducted by the Business Council for Sustainable Energy (BCSE), which shows that the total installed renewable capacity in the United States doubled between 2008 and 2012.
Among these critical breakthroughs are advanced solar cell soldering techniques developed by companies like S-Bond, as well as cutting-edge battery technologies the U.S. Department of Energy (DoE) is investing heavily in. In fact, the DoE has recently encouraged industry members to actively collaborate on such initiatives.
The bond between clean energy and advanced manufacturing is as strong as the latest active solder and hermetic glass sealing solutions. They combine to reduce carbon emissions, provide millions with more affordable power and create thousands of jobs – all of which fuel economic growth and prosperity.


text:
She is another "artist" I Love!!
Imbruglia 'Days' Away From Third Album
Australian vocalist Natalie Imbruglia will release her third album, "Counting Down the Days," April 4 internationally via Sony/BMG's new Brightside imprint. According to a spokesperson for RCA, which issued Imbruglia's previous two albums here in North America, the set is not yet on the release schedule here.
The 12-track "Counting Down the Days" will be led by the single "Shiver," which will be released commercially on March 21. An accompanying video, shot in Kiev by director Jake Nava, can be streamed from Imbruglia's official Web site.
Among the contributors were producer Ben Hillier (Doves, Blur), Imbruglia's husband, Silverchair's Daniel Johns, as well as Faultline's David Kosten, who co-wrote the closing track "Honeycomb Child."
The album is the follow-up to 2001's "White Lilies Island," which debuted at No. 35 on The Billboard 200 and has sold 171,000 copies in the United States, according to Nielsen SoundScan. The single "Wrong Impression" peaked at No. 7 on Billboard's Adult Top 40 chart.
Imbruglia will make a series of U.K. TV appearances next month, including performances on March 16 on "CDUK" and March 26 on "Top of the Pops."
Here is the track list for "Counting Down the Days":
"Counting Down the Days"
"I Won't Be Lost"
"While You're Sleeping"
"Honeycomb Child"
← Ladies and gentlmen…Prince! → Dan's Oscar Picks – "He seems a bit confident, even though everyone else is saying it is too close to call!"


text:
etaizhou October 16, 2022
According to ehuacom, Topeka is the capital of the state of Kansas in the United States. The city has 126,000 inhabitants and a small agglomeration of 233,000 inhabitants (2021).
According to mcat-test-centers, Topeka is located in the east of the state on the Kansas River. The city is located 90 kilometers west of Kansas City and 210 kilometers northeast of Wichita. The city has a small center and is located in a flat prairie area. The city has a humid continental climate and a weather pattern of extremes with cold winters with lots of snow and hot summers with a chance of extreme weather.
Topeka is not an economic high-flyer, despite being the capital of Kansas. Growth is about half the US average. The cost of living is very low in Topeka.
Road network
Topeka's highway network.
Topeka is located on the Kansas Turnpike, which is formed here by Interstate 335 from the south, Interstate 470 along Topeka, and Interstate 70 east of Topeka. I-70 is the main east-west route and accesses the center of the city and comes from Denver. I-470 forms the southern bypass. US 75 forms a north and south approach road and is double-numbered along Topeka with I-470 and I-70.
On October 20, 1956, the Kansas Turnpike opened to traffic, which also served the capital, Topeka. The entire route opened from Kansas City to the Oklahoma border, which now includes I-70, I-335 and I-470 around Topeka. The first toll-free highway to open in the region was I-70 west of Topeka in 1960. In 1962, I-70 reached downtown Topeka from the west, and I-70 through Topeka was completed in 1965. Topeka is one of the few American cities where an Interstate Highway has been built right through the center. In 1961, I-470 opened along the southwest side of Topeka, completing the Interstate Highway network around Topeka within 5 years. The US 75 highway route north and south of the city was formed somewhat later. US 75 was grade separated to US 24 as early as the late 1960s, the bridge over the Kansas River is older. This section of US 75 was originally US 75 Bypass, the original US 75 passed through downtown Topeka. The most recent addition to the region's highway network is the US 75 highway south of Topeka, which opened in 2003, the first new highway in nearly 40 years. Because the city's population has been stable since the 1960s, there is no need to build new highways.
Traffic jams do not occur in Topeka, partly due to the small size of the city. The busiest part has 68,000 vehicles per day. Near the center, only 34,000 vehicles per day travel on I-70. The Kansas Turnpike is much quieter with 7,000 to 13,000 vehicles because it is a toll road.
Wichita (/ˈwɪtʃɪtɔː/ WITCH-i-taw) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Kansas. The city has 396,000 inhabitants and has a small agglomeration with 648,000 inhabitants (2021).
Wichita is located in the south of the state in a flat prairie area. The city is larger than the better known Kansas City and the capital Topeka. The city is located 245 kilometers north of Oklahoma City, 285 kilometers southwest of Kansas City and 700 kilometers southeast of Denver. The agglomeration measures approximately 20 by 20 kilometers and has a fairly low density. Wichita is a major aviation hub and has been referred to as the "Air Capital of the World". The city has a humid subtropical climate with hot summers and cold, fairly dry winters. Snow occurs in winter. The area often experiences extreme weather such as hail and tornadoes. The city's growth almost came to a halt in the 1980s but has since picked up again, slightly above the US average since the 1980s.
Wichita's highway network.
The Kansas Turnpike, which forms Interstate 35 here, is a toll road along the city. Interstate 135 forms a north-south route to Salina, and Interstate 235 forms the city's ring road. In addition, US 54 is the busiest highway east-west along the center. State Route 96 is part of the Northern Beltway.
The first highway through the Wichita region, the Kansas Turnpike, opened on October 20, 1956, of which I-35 is part. The Kansas Turnpike grazed the Wichita metropolitan area, necessitating more highways connecting this city. The first Interstate Highway built through the region was I-235, Wichita's western bypass. Most of these opened to traffic in 1962. Construction of I-135 as a north-south axis through Wichita began a little later and was opened between 1971 and 1979, providing Wichita with good north-south connections. However, a good east-west axis was lacking. For this, Kellogg Avenue, US 54, was converted into a freeway. This was the first to happen in western Wichita, in the early 1960s the section between Wichita Airport and the center was made grade-separated. It was not until the early 1990s that a section of US 54 east of downtown was also converted into a freeway, which has been extended to K-96 in more recent years. It was then built on Wichita's Eastern Beltway, K-96, also known as State Route 96. This section was opened to traffic in about 1993 and is the most recent highway in Wichita. The city of Wichita grew limitedly from the 1960s to the 1990s, but from 1990 the city started to grow faster, which also increased traffic. However, the motorway network has been adequately developed.
Wichita is not a city known for traffic jams, quite the contrary. Because the agglomeration is not very large, and the capacity is sufficient for the traffic volumes, there are few traffic jams. The busiest road is US 54 near downtown with 106,000 vehicles per day.


Georgios Samaras savoured Greece's first win at the fifth attempt in two World Cup finals.
Otto Rehhagel's side secured a 2-1 victory against 10-man Nigeria at the Free State Stadium to give them a glimmer of hope of reaching the next stage. Samaras, who stepped off the bench to play his part in the victory, was delighted at the result.
He added: "We want to enjoy it but there is not time for celebration.
The game was played at the home of Bloemfontein Celtic and Samaras felt the venue was a lucky omen for him after Greece lost their opening game to South Korea.
"That was a good sign with the Celtic connection," he added.
"We have had some criticism but we do play attacking football.


text:
Q: GTFS - Improving search for trips in two feeds I'm currently working on a java program that takes in two feeds and prints out the trips that are missing in either of the feeds or are partially in it. For example Feed 1 has a trip T1 with the stops ABCDE and Feed 2 has a trip T2 with the stops ABCD. So T2 is a subset of T1.
I basically have one Map<Type, List<Trip>> for each feed. The Type is the route type (bus, tram,  etc.) and the List<Trip> contains all trips of that type.
All Trip objects have the fields that are specified here. And also a reference to a List<StopTime> and  a Service which specifies the stops in sorted order and the service times when the trip is running.
The check works as intended and I get the results I expect. But running time with large feeds (40.000 and more trips) is quite long, because i basically check every trip from one list with the other which would be O(n^2) in the worst case if I'm not mistaken.
I'm looking for a way to minimize the trips I have to look at.
One thing that I could do is to move the check if the date ranges of the trips overlap.This is currently done when checking the List<StopTime>within the Trip object.

A: I don't know GTFS, however, perhaps you can translate my solution to it.  What I would do is construct a Map like this for the second feed:
Map<StopTime, List<Trip>> tripsByStopTime;

You can do this by walking through the second feed like this (for example, you can do it any way you like as long as you get the map above) -- since I'm using StopTime as a key, make sure it has a proper equals and hashCode:
for (List<Trip> trips : feed2.values()) {
    for (Trip trip : trips) {
        for (StopTime stopTime : trip.getStopTimes()) {
            tripsByStopTime.computeIfAbsent(stopTime, k -> new ArrayList<>())
                 .add(trip);
        }
    }
}

Now that you have this map you can check much quicker for potential matching trips as only trips are considered that have at least one matching stop time (note I'm assuming that the stop time is fairly unique, if most of them are duplicates this approach won't scale well):
for (List<Trip> trips : feed1.values()) {
    for (Trip trip : trips) {
        Set<Trip> potentialMatchingTrips = new HashSet<>();

        for (StopTime stopTime : trip.getStopTimes()) {
            List<Trip> list = tripsByStopTime.get(stopTime);

            if (list != null) {
                potentialMatchingTrips.add(list);
            }
        }

        for (Trip potentialMatchingTrip : potentialMatchingTrips) {
              // Check here if it was a subset.
        }
    }
}

You can probably write this quite nicely as a stream as well.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


16th: Darren Shan - Palace Of The Damned and Brothers To The Death (Int) -- 3 winners!
Enter the rafflecopter below for a chance to win 50 books. BEFORE ENTERING please note that some of the books you'll receive will have library stickers on it and / or are used.
Also, when the message says "Do this again tomorrow for more entries" it means put in different links, not the same one. We had this happen a few times before and it's not fair to people who play by the rules. If you keep repeating the same social media / comment links on any of the Rafflecopters you'll be disqualified. We check every entry, so don't think we'll be fooled!
Last year people didn't really know how to enter a rafflecopter properly and many didn't win because of it. PLEASE read here before entering.
All Rafflecopters end May 15th!
I think for now I looking forward to read Victoria Scott - The Collector. It sounds really great.
Thanks for the chance to this awesome giveaway.
I'm most anticipating Confessions Of A Cereal Mother!!!
I'm looking forward to either Sunrise or Burning Dawn. Thanks for the awesome giveaway opportunity.
Oh Gosh! there is soo many books i been wanting to read and this list would be never ending. But i do have to say i am really excited for Cress and Sliver Shadows.
looking forward to Polly Shulman's The Grimm Legacy.. this was a hard choice as their are many that are really really good!!!
Ha, everything? ;D Side Effects May Vary.
I am so ecstatic that you are doing this :D By the way I LOVE the peter pan are and quote. It gave me chills. The good kind of course!
I'm looking forward to Shadow and Bone! Thank you! So excited for all of the great giveaways!
It's still so far away (April!) but I'm dying to get my hands on Jenny Han's "To All The Boys I've Loved Before" because the plot sounds very interesting and unique.
"Unremembered" by Jessica Brody and "Unforgotten"
Ooh the Splintered/Unhinged flip ARC sounds awesome!
I'm sure all of these books would be great. I'd just be thrilled to win.
One of the books that I'm most excited for is Dirty Little Secret by Jennifer Echols.
I am dying for The Murder Complex, Split Second, and The Troop!
I am looking forward to Shadow and Bone.
Kristi Helvig - Burn Out is the one that I'm looking forward to!! I hope I'd win that one!
I'm looking forward to The 13th Sign by Kristin Tubb.
There's so many of these books that I can't wait to read, but if I had to choose one it would be Deviants by Maureen McGowan. Thanks so much for the giveaway, it's an amazing opportunity!
I'm really looking forward to Splintered and Unhinged!! Thank you for this awesome giveaway!
Where the Stars Still Shine, A Mad Wicked Folly, This Is What Happy Looks Like......There are a lot!
I am really looking forward to Unhinged!
I have to say that I'm looking forward to all of them! There are several that I have been wanting to read and several that I've been wanting to get a permanent copy of!
I cannot wait for Shadow and Bone!
Thank you for the giveaway but I have a question - when I click on the like a review links in the rafflecopter it takes me to my own reviews on Amazon - and I looked up a few of the books on your list but I can't find a "like" button :( Can you help me?
I want to win Monument 14!
I don't have a clue which book I'm most looking forward to! But I'm sure there will be quite a few I'll enjoy.
I'm looking forward to the third book of the Throne of Glass series by Sarah J. Maas!!
I'm so pumped for The One by Kiera Cass!!!!!
I think I'd really like The Art of Being Rebekkah.
This giveaway is so exciting!
I am yearning for Anne Bishop's Murder of Crows.
There are way too many to list! Thanks for this AMAZING giveaway!!
Thanks so much for the giveaway! I WANT ALL OF THESE BOOKS!
Shadow and Bone and alot more!!!!!
What a great giveaway! I'll have to get at least one more bookcase if I win.
I'm looking forward to City of Heavenly Fire By Cassandra Clare and way too many to list here!
this giveaway is awesome!! :) The F-it list looks really gooood ;o I'm a little confused of how i can win the daily books??
I was looking forward to Shadow and Bone. It was one of my favorite books when it was released!
i am looking forward to the last of the mortal instruments city of heavenly fire!
So hard to choose just one from all of these amazing books, but I'm most intrigued by the never before released Ned Vizzini House of Secrets & Uncle Tumba.
I've heard great things about Side Effects May Vary. Really looking forward to that one.
Darren Shan. ALL THE WAY!!!!
I loved your video post and I don't really have one book I'm looking forward to reading because there are so many amazing books that you're giving away!!
I'm probably looking forward to Solving For Ex by Leigh Ann Kopans! I've been waiting for ages.
I would love to get my hands on Side Effects May Vary.
I'm highly intrigued by the premise of "The 13th Sign" and would love to see what Kristin Tubbs did with it.
I am looking forward to The Darkest Craving by Gena Showalter. Thanks for the fantastic giveaway!
I don't even know! I can't decide!
Hoping to win this thing! Aaaah!
Im looking forward to City of Heavenly Fire!!!!
I suppose I would be happy with just about anything other than a purely romance book.
Shadow and Bone, Side Effects May Vary, Unremembered, or Burn Out.
I'm really looking forward to Splintered and Unhinged!!
When will this giveaway end?


text:
Review: Goran Bregović and his Wedding and Funeral Band
May 13, 2019 by Alexis Buxton-Collins
The great Balkan party starter Goran Bregović returns to Adelaide for a life-affirming celebration of music and cultural cross-pollination.
Goran Bregović has spent his entire career bringing multiple music traditions together. Most obviously, he pioneered a style that navigates the shared territory between Balkan brass music and punk. That punk seems the more staid of the two genres says something about the wild abandon of the Balkan rhythms.
Now in his sixties, Bregović has slowed down a little but the brass musicians cannot help but remain the centre of attention when they are deployed. They sound the opening notes of the concert from the back of the Thebarton Theatre before walking towards the stage as the audience turns in their seats. And though their contributions are restrained at the beginning of the night, by the end they are the hedonistic cheerleaders of a wild, unrestrained party.
That five-piece section (including a less than traditional sax) forms the nucleus of the trimmed-down Weddings and Funeral Band, which also includes two Bulgarian singers, a drummer and Bregović himself, looking and playing the part of an ageing punk rocker with a white suit and tousled hair.
His contributions are muted to begin with, drummer Muharem Redzepi placing himself firmly at the centre of attention with soaring, ecstatic vocals that bring the religious theme of Bregovic's latest album to the fore. Overshadowing a Balkan brass section is not an easy feat, but he manages it. Three Letters From Sarajevo focuses on the Christian, Muslim and Jewish traditions of Bregovic's hometown and Redzepi's solos are appropriately rapturous. Despite the potential for solemnity this is music of celebration, the only sour note coming from the heavy use of a recorded backing track on songs like SOS because of the smaller band (yes, a nine-piece band qualifies as "smaller" in this case).
But while the opening of the show is marked by restraint, it can only exist temporarily. Soon Bregović is yelling "Sex! Moussaka!" and exhorting the crowd to "party, party, party" to the parodic, hyperactive bounce of Quantum Utopia. This is a man who saw his hometown almost destroyed by war – it's no surprise that he wants to enjoy life while he can. Though seated throughout the concert, he is ecstatic, radiant as he squirms in his chair. Meanwhile the brass section, afraid that it may have been forgotten earlier, becomes increasingly frenetic.
They liven up the ska punk of Baila Leila as Bregović leads a singalong in his world-weary rasp, milking everything he can from the slow chorus that leads inevitably into a frenetic crescendo of swirling horns.
In The Death Car goes further, the louche noir lullaby he wrote with Iggy Pop providing a brief respite from the manic pace of the other songs. By now the band fills the hall without the need for any backing track and those who have left their seats sway and sing along. How anyone can sit to this music is a mystery, and Bregović knows that is not how his music should be enjoyed. Towards the start of the show, he warns us that "if you don't go crazy, you're not normal!" As he ends with Bello Ciao and Kalasjnikov, anyone left seated quickly rises and there is no doubt that Adelaide can finally see the wisdom in those words.
Goran Bregović and his Wedding and Funeral Band performed at Thebarton Theatre on Friday, May 10
Header image:
Goran Bregović archival image, photo: Mikhail Ognev
Mike Stewart tribute show announced
Review: Paul Kelly at Adelaide Entertainment Centre
Sonya Lifschitz plays Stalin's Piano
Stevie Nicks Announces 24 Karat Gold Australian Tour
New management, $1.6m facelift announced for new Adelaide UniBar


Jacques @kustoo Slade brings you The Heat Check, giving you the latest in sneaker news every Thursday.
This week, Jacques covers all you need to know on the Jordan Retro 5 "Oreo", LeBron 11 "T-Rex", Shaq Attack "Brick City", Jordan 6 Rings, KD VI "Maryland Blue Crab", and more.
Jacques Slade is Director/Producer/Host of This Week in Sneaks, previously worked at KicksOnFire and Nice Kicks, and is YouTube Expert with a special concentration in Sneakers. Give him a follow on Twitter and Instagram.
Can We Kick It? This Week's Sneak Geek: Recap!
Sneak Inside Saturday: Air Jordan Retro 5 "Oreo"
Jacques Slade is Director/Producer/Host of This Week in Sneaks, a contributor to Complex Sneakers, and is a YouTube Expert with a special concentration in Sneakers.


text:
'The World Needs Fact-Checking': Tech Giants Giving $13 Million To Fund Global Fact-Checking Initiatives | Eastern North Carolina Now
Commissioner Hood Richardson
Discussion of the 45th President
'The World Needs Fact-Checking': Tech Giants Giving $13 Million To Fund Global Fact-Checking Initiatives
Published: Friday, December 23rd, 2022 @ 2:34 am
Publisher's Note: This post appears here courtesy of the The Daily Wire. The author of this post is Leif Le Mahieu.
Two tech giants on Tuesday announced a $13 million grant to fund global fact-checking projects.
Google and YouTube said they would provide financial support to the International Fact-Checking Network (IFCN), an arm of the Poynter Institute, to support "fact-checking initiatives" through 2025.
"The world needs fact-checking more than ever before. This partnership with Google and YouTube infuses financial support to global fact-checkers and is a step in the right direction," said Baybars Örsek, the IFCN's executive director. "And while there's much work to be done, this partnership has sparked meaningful collaboration and an important step."
About $12 million of the grant will go to the group's Global Fact Check Fund, which will disburse money to fact-checking groups from around the world that adhere to its Code of Principles. These include groups in the U.S., Brazil, Nepal, Ukraine, Norway, Spain, Taiwan, South Africa, and India.
Örsek added that IFCN was "grateful to Google and YouTube for their commitment to bolster fact-checkers in an ever-increasing environment of mis- and disinformation."
According to the Poynter Institute, some funds will go toward a foundation to establish a "neutral and independent selection committee" and other expansions of the fact-checking program.
The IFCN was established in 2015, and its advisory board includes individuals from various organizations, including PolitiFact and The Washington Post.
Olivia Ma, who manages Google's Global News Program and Ecosystem, said that the company believed it had a role in combating "misinformation" and guiding people toward making "informed decisions."
"Combating misinformation is an ongoing global challenge for society. We take seriously our role in helping to fight misinformation by continually investing in products, programs and partnerships that help people access high-quality information," Ma said.
Some have raised concerns about the growing emphasis on fact-checking in recent years, with critics questioning whether the motivation is to suppress conservative or differing viewpoints. For example, the theory that the novel coronavirus may have leaked from a lab in Wuhan, China, was initially widely maligned by certain fact-checkers as the origin of the respiratory virus. However, Facebook later reversed course, saying that the theory was now up for debate and had not been thoroughly discredited. At around the same time, PolitiFact retracted a fact-check it had run on the claim saying that the theory was now more "disputed."
This year, Brian Riedl, a senior fellow at the Manhattan Institute and a former PolitiFact source, told The Daily Wire that the fact-checking group wanted him to "help them nail Republicans." Riedl also claimed PolitiFact would start with a "rating" of a claim and then work backward to justify that rating.
Where do you stand on the wanton censorship by Big Tech Platforms, while retaining their Section 230 carveout indemnifying them for Slander /Defamation lawsuits and Copyright infringements?
Big Tech Platforms have the right to Censor all speech providing they voluntarily relinquish their Section 230 Carveout.
Big Tech Platforms DO NOT have the right to Censor any speech, while retaining multiple indemnifications by virtue of the Section 230 Carveout.
I know nothing of this 230 talk, but "I do love me some social media".
Since only about 20% of the News Media has any shred of Journalistic Integrity remaining: How does our Constitutional Republic continue without a "Free Press"?
Demand real information, using real sources, backed up by facts.
Promote real journalist entities only, and admonish those that prostitute their profession.
We Democratic Socialists are doing just fine, thank-you, by promoting lies while having very little real knowledge about so much.
Epstein Estate To Pay More Than $105 Million To U.S. Virgin Islands Daily Wire, Guest Editorial, Editorials, Op-Ed & Politics Meta Loses Bid To Toss Suit Alleging Facebook Execs Took Bribes To Blacklist Adult Entertainers


Our supplier of Mitsubishi warranty approved Mobil™ oil is the Blue Water Group. From Mike (our sales representative) to the order desk staff on down to the delivery drivers, the Blue Water Group delivers quality service every time.
We have found that Blue Water Group has been very helpful and knowledgeable with the growth of our company and with the products and support they offer.
Blue Water Group approached us in 2013 about becoming a Mobil 1™ Lube Express and we have been very happy with that decision ever since. They provide on-time deliveries and have a very professional staff to help with all issues. I would recommend Blue Water Group to anyone.
We cannot say enough about the overall service Blue Water Group has provided to us over the years. They look after our 25 Lube City locations across Alberta.
Timely. Professional. Knowledgable. Proud to partner with a company that we can share a mutual respect with.
Mike Pasychny and his highly trained team are dedicated and passionate about providing the best service possible. Extremely dependable, they have never let me down and are always there to support me with anything that I need.
Blue Water Group Alberta is a first-class Imperial Oil Distributor. The Mobil™ name gives you a powerful brand to offer customers during servicing. I would highly recommend this local Edmonton company for their dependability and commitment to service. Great service and great staff!
At Blue Water Group, I can call with questions and concerns and receive fast knowledgeable technical service. They've always assisted in helping me find the right product that I can count on with confidence. Their prices are often better or equal to the competition. Most importantly, I get the product fast because we're the type of company that needs product yesterday.
Blue Water Group is an efficient and reliable resource for our company, coupled with great customer service. They are a trusted partner for us. Keep up the good work!
Gary Hynes, Sales Representative with Blue Water Group, spent a lot of time with me; having lunch, playing golf or just at our offices to explain how it all works and what I can expect from him and Blue Water Group. We put up some beautiful signs on my building, I got oil tanks, a lot of other needed equipment and plenty of promotional materials to dress up my shop and store. Gary helps me with promotions and gives me excellent advice at any time that I need an answer. Gary is not only my Blue Water Group Sales Representative; but, also a good friend who's always there for me or my company.
I'm very grateful for the opportunity he gave me and I'm looking forward to work with Gary Hynes for many more years to come.
I can proudly say I am the first Mobil Delvac™ Express in New Brunswick.
Here at Cheapy Tire & Automotive, we take pride in being locally owned and operated and prefer to build good solid working relationships with other locally owned and operated businesses and Blue Water Group has proven time and time again that their inventory, knowledge, and quick response is invaluable to us.
We began using Blue Water Group as our lubricants supplier in 2009 and have had an excellent experience with them. Their staff is committed to providing us with the best service available and are continually trying to improve upon this level of service.
We have been dealing with Blue Water Group for over two years and have received excellent service from them. Orders are delivered in a timely matter and they go out of their way to accommodate when rush orders are required. Service is friendly and courteous.


What do I do when my vehicle is recalled?
Vehicles being recalled in the United States is a common problem; in fact, one that happens around the globe, not just here at home. But, what do you do when your vehicle is recalled? Where do you start? How do you know what to do? These are common questions, one that we'll address today in this post.
If you're purchasing a used car, this is also a great place to start to ensure the vehicle you purchased doesn't have an outstanding recall that you should address before purchasing the vehicle.
Because you have to register your vehicles, you should receive a notice via mail that your vehicle is likely impacted by a recall. This letter will typically inform you to contact your dealer to schedule a service. In the event the recall is considered very dangerous, the letter may go as far as to tell you to not drive the vehicle any longer.
How Much is a Recall Going to Cost Me?
The great news for consumers is that a safety recall will be fixed free of charge. If you happen to have repaired the affected part prior to the recall occurring, you can ask the manufacturer for reimbursement. Keep in mind though, you will not likely be given a loaner vehicle while the vehicle is being repaired, so plan on being out of the vehicle for a day or so unless the recall is something simple. EX: like a new sticker that replaces one with wrong information. One last thing to note here is that if your vehicle is recalled and you do nothing for 10+ years, the manufacturer will be off the hook to repair after this time.
Most all manufacturers experience recalls. In fact, http://edmonds.com reported that over 61 million vehicles were recalled in 2014! While this is a staggering number, this is from all vehicles, not just model year vehicles. So, when GM recalled 7 million vehicles in 2014 for the ignition problem, this was for vehicles manufactured in 1997-2014. So, just because you have an older vehicle, doesn't mean you won't be affected by a vehicle recall.
Do All These Recalls mean Vehicles Are Becoming Less Safe?
Quite the contrary! According to the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety improved vehicle design and safety technology have resulted in a steady decline of fatal accidents. In fact, 9 vehicles reported zero fatal accidents in the 2011 calendar year. They also reported that the smaller the vehicle, the higher the risk of fatal accidents. The bigger, typically the less risk.
If you have questions about your home, auto, or motorcycle insurance, call us at The Riccard Group. We have years of insurance experience and can help you insure everything from your home to your auto or motorcycle. We live where you do and are an independent insurance agent, so we can help you find the right company to fit your needs. Check out our website, 24/7.


Research Paper: What Would Happen if the Drinking Age Were Raised in the Military?
More candidly put, knowing about something has as much to do with knowing what one doesn't know about that something as it does with knowing what one knows about that something. Interesting, I may be inadvertently channeling former Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld (2011).
I learned this lesson, or more accurately put, re-learned this lesson, when I asked myself the question, "What would happen if the drinking age were raised in the military?"
See, I thought I knew what would happen. Or I thought I could predict what would happen, and then I realized I don't actually know what would happened, and there's really, as it turns out, no way to know without actually raising the drinking age in the military and studying the results.
With that said, one can rationally speculate as to what would happen if the drinking age were raised in the military if one were to examine historical precedents, the existing body of research that exists on drinking ages and behavior, the culture of the U.S. armed forces and a bunch of other factors relating to that central question. And all of this will be discussed in due time.
But first a more preliminary question needs to be asked and subsequently answered. That is, what is the current policy on drinking in the U.S. military? Put another way, what is the drinking age for active U.S. soldiers?
This, despite its matter-of-fact quality, is not an easy question to answer.
See, there's an ongoing debate in the U.S. military about the drinking age of a solider. It's a debate that has been occurring for some time, really since the Vietnam War when soldiers were, for the first time, asked (and in the case of draftees: told) to fight for their country without the right to imbibe, legally, if they were under the age of 21.
During this period of time, a number of baby boomers protested the idea that one could at 18 years of age fight and die for his country, but could not legally drink a beer. The public outcry on this issue compelled 29 states to lower their respective drinking age below 21 (Ogilvie, 2011).
Also, a key point in the equation back then was the fact that the states decided what their respective drinking age should be, not the federal government.
It wasn't until Congress passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 that the federal government got involved. This new Act, which was passed at the behest of Mother's Against Drunk Driving (MADD), required that all states up their legal drinking age to 21 by 1988 or face a ten percent reduction in annual federal highway apportionment (Bonn, 1980).
For many states, the cost of keeping autonomy over its drinking age wasn't worth the loss in federal funding. Soon, all 50 states got on board with the 21 standard.
As for the U.S. military, federal law (United States Code, Title 10, Section 2683) was such that it required the military installations and bases to conform to the laws of the state in which it is located in, which would naturally be 21 due to the enactment of the National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 84 (law.cornell.edu).
DoD Instruction 1015.10 states, "the minimum drinking age on a DoD installation located in a State (including the District of Columbia) shall be consistent with the age established by the law of that State as the State minimum drinking age" (law.cornell.edu).
However, there are exceptions, for example if the military base is located within 50 miles of Canada or Mexico, then the base commander may adopt a policy that permits base personnel to drink a lower drinking age than the state in which it is located in (law.cornell.edu).
Also, for bases on foreign soil, DoD policy states that, "the minimum drinking age on a DoD installation located outside the United States shall be 18 years of age. Higher minimum drinking age will be based on international treaties and agreements and on the local situation as determined by the local installation commander (law.cornell.edu)."
Okay, so back to the initial preliminary question, what is the drinking age for active U.S. soldiers?
Answer: it depends on where that soldier is located, but in general, 21 in the States, 18 abroad (unless a commander decides otherwise).
So, my initial thesis question of "what would happen if the drinking age were raised in the military?" is a bit shortsighted. That is because there is no unilateral standardization with respect to a minimum drinking age that cuts across the entire military. There are contingencies based upon geographic location and the discretion of various base commanders. Therefore, my initial thesis question has to be further qualified and/or adjusted to take into account the military's unique policy with respect to the drinking age.
A better question would be, "what if the drinking age in the military was raised to 24 (or some other arbitrary number higher than 21) and that this was the standard across all military institutions both in the U.S. And abroad, no exceptions?"
Well, one can start to answer this question by pointing to the obvious. That is, there would be public outrage.
People who believe that the current policy is unfair to our soldiers would be even more incensed by a military minimum drinking age of 24. Already, there are people hoping to reform the current DoD policy on the drinking age, people like Rep. Bob Lynn (R-AK) who introduced a bill that would allow troops stationed in Alaska to drink alcohol under the legal drinking age of 21 (Clark, 2011).
"It's outrageous that a member of our military can be subjected to the horrors of war but can't legally have a beer or smoke a cigarette," Lynn wrote in his blog over the summer when he introduced the bill. "Any soldier who braves military combat and risks their life for our country should be treated like an adult -- in every sense of the word" (Clark, 2011). It can be assumed that there would be plenty more people embracing Lynn's argument were the military drinking age to be raised to 24.
While that's an obvious point, there are other, less obvious points to be made. For example, if the drinking age were raised to 24, would that reduce the number of alcohol related traffic accidents?
According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, the 21-year-old minimum-drinking-age laws have reduced alcohol traffic fatalities by 13% and have saved an estimated 27,677 lives since 1975. And in 2009, an estimated 623 lives were saved by minimum-drinking-age laws (2001).
Of course, statistics like these are limiting because they do not account for what percent of those lives saved are military men and women. And, as far as I could tell throughout my research, there was no information pertaining to the number of alcohol-related traffic accidents caused by military personnel.
So, to make an assumption as to how these statistics would change if the military drinking age were raised would be unbearably presumptuous. So, I'll refrain from doing so and just admit that it's something that one would like to know, but can't actually know given the dearth of relevant data.
The last point to make is with respect to suicides in the military. According to a policy brief, "Losing the Battle: The Challenge of Military Suicide," from analysts at the Center for a New American Security (CNAS), suicide is a serious problem in the United States.
The study states, "Although only 1% of Americans have served in the military, former service members represent 20% of suicides in the United States" (Harrell & Bergless, 2011). The obvious question is, does alcohol contribute to this alarming phenomenon?
Vice Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army, Gen. Peter Chiarelli argues that it does. He told the Christian Science Monitor in an interview that, "Suicide in most cases is a spontaneous event that is often fueled by drugs and alcohol" (Mulrine, 2011).
The next question is would raising the drinking age help to reduce the suicide rate amongst soldiers?
Well, unfortunately, as with the car statistics, there's little that can be gleaned from the available information. As Gen. Chairelli admitted, "Finding correlations and causes for suicide to lower the rate among troops has proven to be the most difficult [challenge] in my 40 years in the military" (Mulrine, 2011).
"What Would Happen if the Drinking Age Were Raised in the Military?." 16 January 2012. Web. 25 April 2019. <https://www.essaytown.com/subjects/paper/happen-drinking-age-raised-military/1272866>.
"What Would Happen if the Drinking Age Were Raised in the Military?." Essaytown.com. January 16, 2012. Accessed April 25, 2019.


text:
Q: PHP5-FPM - Access Denied after Update i updatet my PHP5 FPM to PHP 5.4.42-1~dotdeb+7.4. But after that i become now the error Message
 FastCGI sent in stderr: "Access to the script '/var/www/mysite/index.html' has been denied (see security.limit_extensions)" while reading response header from upstream

So i checked my php5-fpm vhost conf, all security extensions for HTML are already there,- i checked the www.conf of php and they are also included
(security.limit_extensions = .php .php3 .php4 .php5 .htm .html)
In my Serverblock i use
location ~ \.(htm|html)$ {
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/lib/php5-fpm/web2.sock;
fastcgi_index  index.php;
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include        fastcgi_params;
}

I really have no idea whats suddenly wrong with him


text:
This is a list of places which are located all around the world named or renamed in honor of American poet, writer and literary critic Joyce Kilmer (1886-1918).

Places

In the United States

Illinois
 Kilmer Triangle in the Rogers Park section of Chicago, Illinois at the intersection of Birchwood, Rogers and Ashland Avenues.
 Joyce Kilmer Elementary School, Buffalo Grove, Illinois
 Joyce Kilmer Elementary School, Chicago, Illinois

Indiana
Joyce Kilmer School 69, a former elementary school in Indianapolis, Indiana

Massachusetts
 Joyce Kilmer Road in West Roxbury (Boston), Massachusetts. This residential street ends near the Lower Joyce Kilmer School in West Roxbury.
 Sgt Joyce Alfred Kilmer Square in Boston, Massachusetts, at the north-eastern junction of Centre Street and Veterans of Foreign Wars Parkway (VFW Parkway), at the boundary of West Roxbury and Roslindale.
 Joyce Kilmer School in West Roxbury (Boston), Massachusetts. This K-8 school has two buildings ("Lower", K-3 and "Upper" 4–8) located less than 2 miles from each other.

Michigan
 Joyce Kilmer Road in Roscommon, Michigan. This road ends at a Branch of the very famous Au Sable River. Plenty of 'Trees' too!

Minnesota
 Joyce Kilmer Memorial Fireplace (built 1936) in Como Park in St. Paul, MN  Kilmer was honored by St. Paul Parks Superintendent W. Lamont Kauffman, who was a charter member of the Joyce Kilmer post of the American Legion.

New Jersey
 In the early 20th century, the phone extension in New Brunswick, New Jersey, 545, was known as Kilmer.
 Camp Kilmer, a United States Army facility (1942-2009) that served as a training and embarkation center during World War II.
 Kilmer Processing Facility, a United States Postal Service distribution facility in Edison, New Jersey on the grounds of the former Camp Kilmer.
 Kilmer Library on the Livingston Campus of Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (created out of part of the former Camp Kilmer). On February 8, 2017, the Board of Governors voted to name Kilmer library in honor of James Dickson Carr, Rutgers' first African American graduate.
 The Joyce Kilmer Service Area along the New Jersey Turnpike in East Brunswick, New Jersey
 Joyce Kilmer Avenue (formerly Codwise Avenue), New Brunswick, New Jersey
 Joyce Kilmer Park, New Brunswick, New Jersey
 Joyce Kilmer Middle School, Trenton, New Jersey
 Joyce Kilmer Elementary School, a 4th-5th grade school in Mahwah, New Jersey

New York
 Joyce Kilmer Park in the Bronx (New York City) (along Grand Concourse in The Bronx, near Yankee Stadium)
 Sergeant Joyce Kilmer Triangle, located in Brooklyn (New York City), (along Kings Highway and Quentin Road at East 12th Street)

North Carolina
 Joyce Kilmer Memorial Forest (17,394 acres/15 km2) located in the Nantahala National Forest, near Robbinsville in Graham County, North Carolina was dedicated in Kilmer's memory on July 10, 1936.

Schools
 Joyce Kilmer Elementary School in Mahwah, New Jersey
 Joyce Kilmer Elementary School in Trenton, New Jersey
 Joyce Kilmer Elementary School, in Cherry Hill, New Jersey.
 Joyce Kilmer Middle School, in Milltown, New Jersey.
 Joyce Kilmer Middle School, in Fairfax County, Virginia.
 Joyce Kilmer Elementary School, in the Rogers Park section of Chicago, Illinois.
 Joyce Kilmer Elementary School, opened in 1966, in Buffalo Grove, Illinois is part of Community Consolidated School District No. 21 (Wheeling Township, Illinois)
 Joyce Kilmer School, in West Roxbury, Massachusetts (formerly Joyce Kilmer Elementary School) is named in his honor.

Miscellaneous
 The Philolexian Society of Columbia University, a collegiate literary society of which Kilmer was vice president, holds the annual Alfred Joyce Kilmer Memorial Bad Poetry Contest in his honor.
 Nobody's Inn, a bar and grill at 150 Franklin Turnpike in Mahwah (next to the Erie-Lackawanna railroad tracks about 0.7 miles from the border of Suffern, New York), which closed in 2002, was widely believed to occupy the house that inspired Kilmer's poem, "The House with Nobody In It." The poem begins, "Whenever I walk to Suffern along the Erie track / I go by a poor old farmhouse with its shingles broken and black."
 The Joyce Kilmer Memorial Tree, located in New York City's Central Park near Center Drive and 67th Street.

References

Lists of places named after people

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Bathroom : Design Your Bathroom Layout Virtual House Plans Rustic Bathroom Designs Contemporary Bathroom Design. Virtual Bathroom Designer. Design Your Own Room. Room Design App. Design Your Bathroom.
By BiSmiLlahmyriadlit. Bathroom. At Sunday, October 14th 2018, 01:59:45 AM.
81 out of 100. Rated by 818 users.


In marketing, promotion refers to any type of marketing communication used to inform or persuade target audiences of the relative merits of a product, service, brand or issue. The aim of promotion is to increase awareness, create interest, generate sales or create brand loyalty. It is one of the basic elements of the market mix, which includes the four P's ,i.e., Product, Price, Place, Promotion.
The use of the term promotion to refer to "advertising or publicity" is very modern and is first recorded in 1925. It may be a contraction of a related term, sales promotion, which is one element in the larger set of tools used in marketing communications. The terms, promotion and marketing communications can be used synonymously, but in practice, the latter is more widely used.
Promotions can be held in physical environments at special events such as concerts, festivals, trade shows, and in the field, such as in grocery or department stores. Interactions in the field allow immediate purchases. The purchase of a product can be incentive with discounts (i.e., coupons), free items, or a contest. This method is used to increase the sales of a given product. Interactions between the brand and the customer are performed by a brand ambassador or promotional model who represents the product in physical environments. Brand ambassadors or promotional models are hired by a marketing company, which in turn is booked by the brand to represent the product or service. Person-to-person interaction, as opposed to media-to-person involvement, establishes connections that add another dimension to promotion. Building a community through promoting goods and services can lead to brand loyalty.
Mass communication has led to modern marketing strategies to continue focusing on brand awareness, large distributions and heavy promotions. The fast-paced environment of digital media presents new methods for promotion to utilize new tools now available through technology. With the rise of technological advances, promotions can be done outside of local contexts and across geographic borders to reach a greater number of potential consumers. The goal of a promotion is then to reach the most people possible in a time efficient and a cost efficient manner.
Brands can explore different strategies to keep consumers engaged. One popular tool is branded entertainment, or creating some sort of social game for the user. The benefits of such a platform include submersing the user in the brand's content. Users will be more likely to absorb and not grow tired of advertisements if they are, for example, embedded in the game as opposed to a bothersome pop-up ad.
Brands must navigate the line between effectively promoting their content to consumers on social media and becoming too invasive in consumers' lives. Vivid Internet ads that include devices such as animation might increase a user's initial attention to the ad. However, this may be seen as a distraction to the user if they are trying to absorb a different part of the site such as reading text. Additionally, when brands make the effort of overtly collecting data about their consumers and then personalizing their ads to them, the consumer's relationship with the advertisements, following this data collection, is frequently positive. However, when data is covertly collected, consumers can quickly feel like the company betrayed their trust. It is important for brands to utilize personalization in their ads, without making the consumer feel vulnerable or that their privacy has been betrayed.


text:
November 2018 (Volume 27, Number 10)
Leon Lederman 1922-2018
By Daniel Garisto
Leon Lederman, an experimental particle physicist, director emeritus of Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, and founder of the Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy (IMSA), died in Rexburg, Idaho on October 3. He was 96.
A recipient of numerous accolades, including the Nobel Prize in Physics as well as the National Medal of Science, Lederman led teams that discovered two elementary particles: the bottom quark and the muon neutrino. He was a Fellow of the APS.
"Leon Lederman embraced science broadly and deeply," said 2018 APS President Roger Falcone. "He uncovered new physics, was a leader in educating students and the public, was a spokesperson for pushing the frontiers of physics, and guided major scientific institutions. His engagement, passion, and enthusiasm remain an inspiration to everyone who knew him."
Lederman could have measured out his life in quips. His "unauthorized autobiography" states that "Leon Lederman is one of the oldest, barely active particle physicists seen at Fermilab. He began his career back in 1946 when delivering a telegram to someone in the Pupin Physics building of Columbia University; he got lost in the labyrinth of tunnels and emerged four years later with a Ph.D."
Leon Lederman
"He was very much a stand-up comedian," said Nigel Lockyer, director of Fermilab. "When he got the Nobel Prize, we all poured into the auditorium … and spent the whole time killing ourselves laughing at his jokes."
Science and comedy were not separate preoccupations for Lederman—they were inextricable. Science wasn't meant to be kept in a stuffy lab; it was fun, and therefore meant to be shared with others. To that end, Lederman started Saturday Morning Physics in 1980, which has managed to trick thousands of impressionable young minds into learning physics instead of watching cartoons. Five years later, he founded IMSA, now one of the top public schools in the country.
Former students expressed their gratitude toward Lederman on Tuesday:
"[IMSA] sparked my passion for science, which is still burning a decade after I entered her doors. Thank you, Dr. Lederman. <3"
Leon Max Lederman was born in New York City on July 15, 1922, to Minna and Morris Lederman. He graduated from the City College of New York in 1943 and enlisted in the Army, serving in France and Germany. Back in the States, Lederman learned to love physics at Columbia University, where he eventually became a professor and made prolific discoveries.
In 1956, he discovered the neutral K meson, which proved that charge is conserved in weak interactions. The next year, inspired by promising results from his colleague, C. S. Wu, he performed his own experiment to observe parity violation, in typical Lederman fashion—by appropriating a graduate student's experiment.
"It was 6:00 p.m. on a Friday, and without explanation, we took the student's experiment apart," Lederman said. "He started crying, as he should have."
Trying to violate parity in a weekend meant "overlooking niceties": a coffee can, wooden cutting board, orange juice bottle, and a can of Coca-Cola were all used as part of the apparatus, which was held together by Scotch tape.
In 1962, with Jack Steinberger and Melvin Schwartz, Lederman discovered the muon neutrino, for which the trio would share the 1988 Nobel Prize in Physics.
But Lederman wasn't always successful. In 1976, at Fermilab, he and his team thought they'd discovered a new particle with a mass of 6 GeV, publishing their results in Physical Review Letters. It turned out there wasn't a particle there, so the data blip was named the Oops-Leon. (The next year, they discovered the actual Upsilon particle.)
Lederman moved to Fermilab in 1979, where, as director for the next decade, he delighted scientists and visitors alike with his leadership and scintillating personality. Under his watch, Fermilab constructed the Tevatron, then the most powerful particle accelerator in the world.
In his later years, he moved to Idaho with his wife Ellen Carr Lederman, who survives him. She took care of him after he was diagnosed with dementia. In 2015, he sold his Nobel prize to raise money for medical funds.
Lederman was also infamous for the name that he came up with the popularize the Higgs boson, calling it the "God Particle," which was also the title of one of his more than half-dozen books. Beneath the flashy title were witty anecdotes, cogent explanations of science, and wisdom.
"Scientists, more often than not, are people," he wrote. "We count among us minds of awesome power, those who are only monstrously clever, those possessed of magic hands, uncanny intuition, and that most vital of all scientific attributes: luck."
The author is a freelance science writer based in New York.
The 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics
Winners of 2018 Apker Award Announced
Astronomers Tackle Big Data with Blockchain
Scientific Research Stimulates Kansas Economy
Moving the Story Beyond Alice and Bob
APS Office of Government Affairs
Careers Report


Book with us NOW! With your busy schedule no need to wait for us to get back to you "CLICK HERE" to Book an Appointment!
For more information about our services or products please feel free to send us a message!
Call us at (301) 831-0441 today.
Shear Dimensions Salon and Spa is one of Mt. Airy's most trusted salons. Whether you're looking for a completely new style or want to enhance your existing look, our talented team of professionals are here to make it happen. We provide expert advice tailored to your specific wants and needs.
Our friendly staff will make you feel like you're at home. We use quality products and the latest styling techniques to bring out your very best. Shear Dimensions Salon and Spa promises to provide you with 5-star service that will surpass your expectations.
Call and schedule an appointment at Shear Dimensions Salon and Spa today and let us help you experience the incredible difference even a single visit to our salon can make.
"Today was my first visit to Shear Dimensions and it most certainly won't be my last. I came in for a haircut and highlights with Trish and it was definitely one of the best salon experiences I've ever had. Trish took her time with my hair which made me feel she really paid attention to detail to make sure my hair was perfected and exactly what I asked for. I'm extremely pleased with the end result of my visit here. All of the staff members that I came into contact with today were very kind and friendly."
"Trish Grimes has been doing my hair for over 20 years now! I appreciate her knowledge of hair coloring. I love my new balayage and baby blonde highlights!!"
"Such a wonderful experience! I've been looking for a stylist since moving to the area three years ago. I've bounced from one salon to another with no luck...until I found Shear Dimensions! I received a disappointing cut from another salon and reached out to Trish to help fix it. She was amazing! She was incredibly friendly, she listened to me and gave me the perfect cut. I'm so excited to know that I've finally found someone!!"