How to throw away stuff that means a lot?
Even if you're good at clearing the clutter out of your home, the sentimental stuff is always the hardest to shift: what do you do with those daubings your now 15-year-old did aged three, or all the Mother's Day cards you've ever received, or those boxes of bits and pieces retrieved from your parents' home after their deaths?
The big fear we all have, says clutter-clearing guru Marie Kondo, is that if we throw away these objects we'll somehow be losing the precious memories and legacy that goes with them. Not so, says the Japanese bestselling author: truly precious memories will never vanish even if you discard things associated with them.
So how do you deal effectively with the stuff we can't bear to part with, but which we know we can't keep stashing away.
When we have a clearout, most of us tend to focus on what we're going to throw away. Kondo's approach is the opposite: she says we should concentrate instead on what we're going to keep. The reason is simple: there are so many items of sentimental value, from our own lives and from our children's lives and from our parents'/grandparents' lives that it's too overwhelming a task to think about what to jettison.
2. Ask yourself of each object: does it spark joy in my heart?
This is the central message of Kondo's creed: the litmus test to whether to keep it or not is to ask yourself, does this object (whatever it is) spark joy in my heart? To work this out, you have to touch the object, and see what response that elicits inside you.
Any such object has a place in your life, says Kondo. And once you are convinced of the spark of joy, you should be able to hold on to an item with confidence. You don't need to make excuses for keeping it any more: you've proved to yourself that it's important to you. But most objects in your life will not spark this joy – and these are the ones you should part with, again with confidence because you know they don't mean enough to hold on to.
One thing you should never do, says Kondo, is send boxes of sentimental items to your parents' home – and nor should you ignore items that languish there long after you've moved out. Why not? Because, quite simply, you're cluttering up your parents' lives – and that's unfair. Having tons of your stuff around your parents' home makes it much more difficult for them to put their own house in order; something many people have a desire to do as they get older. And what's more, says Kondo, boxes sent home are never actually opened.
That first babygrow; the artwork he brought home from his first term at nursery; the Mother's Day and Father's Day cards she made you when she was in primary school. These are the easy items to decide about. The trick, says Kondo, is not merely to keep them, but to display them in some way that they will bring you pleasure as you go about your daily life – and they will bring pleasure to others who visit your home, too. Baby clothes, she says, can be displayed as art, hung in a frame or displayed in a creative way. "If you bundle them into a drawer thinking, 'maybe some day I'll return to them,' then I doubt they spark joy in you, and they are taking energy away from other items that do spark joy for you," she says.
If your instinct is that you want to keep more of your children's artworks than is viable, you can always take photos of it before you throw it away. Another tactic is to decide on how many items you will keep, and stick to that number. And of course, the ideal thing to do with your children's art is to put it on show: hang it on the wall, frame pieces you hope will last for a while, share it with visitors. And when the time comes to discard it, says Kondo, you should thank it for helping your child to grow, and let it go without guilt.
Tidying your family's photos should be the final stage in your journey to clear the sentimental clutter in your home, says Kondo. She recommends that you collect all the photos you have around the house: remove them from their albums. Next, lay all the photos on the floor according to the year or period in which they were taken. The trick with photos is to be ready to let go of any that are similar, or are of scenes you don't really remember. If you have several photos from the same day, choose only the best one. The basic approach to negatives, says Kondo, is simple: get rid of them all. Another good rule of thumb is: only hang on to pictures in which you, or the person you care about in them, is looking good.
With digital data the same principles apply: choose what you want to keep, not what you want to discard – you'll never finish the job, says Kondo, if you try to decide which ones to erase when there are so many possibilities. She suggests you start by making a new folder in your computer, and then move all the images you choose to keep into this folder.
Sorting out photos is, Kondo believes, probably the happiest tidying job ever – especially if you do it altogether as a family, inter-generationally if possible. Laughing and talking together about your memories will make it fun – and seeing images of your family across many years, and perhaps across generations, will help you make sense of your story, as well as bringing a note of acknowledgement about what each generation has done for the next, all the special days, the ordinary days, the big occasions: the births, and the people who have died, and the different places where you all lived and holidayed. And what it gives is what all clutter-clearing should give: the chance to relive wonderful memories and to respect and honour your family history, while putting your life into order so you can fill the present with the things that matter, and that bring you happiness in the moment.
Check out my related post: Are vinyl records worth collecting?
Quality stufff to read on mate ✔💯.
I admit to being a hoarder and I can't get rid of anything. Even objects that have no use or sentimental value.
Her method works, because it's anchored in a philosophy of detachment from the things that keep us from living today.
Next Next post: Why a to-do-list should not be written vertically?


This post will be a combination of two posts; a summary of day two and a summary of what the team accomplished on day three of build season.
Day 2: The team got to the Microsoft campus, found a conference room, and promptly filled up every white board in there with discussion of robot strategy for this year's challenge. After much arguing, it was decided that we wish to have the ability to pick up both the recycling container and the totes, as well as have the ability to lift a stack of three totes on to another stack of three totes.
At the end of the day, teams started to brainstorm preliminary designs for robot systems.
Day 3: We arrived in the robotics room and picked up right where we left off. After a brief review of strategy and designs from day two, we began further fleshing out design ideas, listing possible mechanisms for each system (pick up, lift, and drive), and proceeding to break off in to prototyping teams. So far, we have constructed a claw pickup prototype, attempted to suction a box (successfully) with Pablo the Shop-Vac, and decided on a wheel type (99 percent sure it's mecanum).
We are moving right along with our robot construction and look to be on schedule to get a great robot built.


text:
Category: Written works
written work from featured poets, authors, etc….
.@DancinDynamites Brings Teen Dancers On Board For 2020!
Posted on January 15, 2020 by swadedavillain
Boasting 14 years of thrilling and exciting television audiences under its belt, the Charles Chocolates Dancin' Dynamites Competition will this year set the stage for even more Jamaican youth to showcase their impressive dance moves in the spotlight.
As part of its new 'Teens and Teams' theme, dancers across the island at the high-school level will now be included in the running to have the opportunity to represent their dance crew and school body as all-new cash prizes and other rewards will be up for grabs during the competition's three-month run.
At the TVJ show's official launch on Wednesday, held at Excelsior High School, Competition Conceptualiser and Executive Producer Jennifer 'Jenny Jenny' Small emphasized the importance of focusing on the Jamaican youth, identifying them as promising facilitators for further economic growth in the country. She highlighted the Competition's numerous years of contribution towards developing talent. "There are so many youngsters who are employed now and have also gained education [through the scholarships offered as part of the competition]. For me, as a teacher, that's number one," said Small.
Showcasing Talent
The number-one televised dance Competition in Jamaica, now in its fifteenth season, will kick off with its series of auditions on January 11 at various schools islandwide in addition to other venues. Set for its television premiere on February 16, the teams selected for the show will receive coaching from famed choreographers, including show judges and popular dancers Orville and Kerry. The Competition will also feature performances from international dancers each week along with six road shows leading up to the finals airing on May 17.
Roxanne Brown, Brand Manager of title sponsor Charles Chocolates, said, "The show is going tobe mind-blowing this year. What I'm most proud of is that we continue to foster an avenue forpeople with talent to showcase that on the world stage. Not everyone can be lawyers and doctors, and what we realise is that dance, creativity and anything to do with the arts can also take them a far way."
The opportunities for winning cash prizes have also increased this year as the top-four teams will automatically secure J$500,000 as they each vie for the public's top vote. The teen teams'respective schools, should they place first in the competition, will win an additional J$1 million along with other educational and tech prizes. Viewers can also get in on the action as special prizes will be awarded to in-studio audience members as well as broadcast viewers.
State Minister in the Ministry of Education, Youth and Information, Alando Terrelonge, MP (second right) got in on the dancing action at the Charles Chocolates Dancin' Dynamites launch. Also 'logging on' (from left to right) were Crystal Carby, Devon Biscuits Representative; Roxanne Brown, Brand Manager of title sponsor Charles Chocolates; and local dancer Fire.
Long-running Success
Speaking in particular to the success of the long-running show, Small said, "What we're very happy about is that past Dynamites are [doing well]. One is part of [the new Broadway production for]'Lion King' and he's one of the lead dancers too. And then another who got a scholarship is now a top dancer in Canada with his own production. My heart jumps for joy every time I think about all the potential and how we've been shaping lives, so we're very happy."
Last year's winners Too Kool have also been brought to the international stage as they took part in Jamaica's Independence Day celebrations in New York last year in addition to being employed by local hotel resorts to entertain guests and share the Jamaican culture through dance.
The launch event was also graced with the presence of State Minister in the Ministry of Education, Youth and Information Alando Terrelonge, MP., who spoke words of encouragement to the student audience. Hosted by Weezy and Badda Bling, the afternoon also featured a performance from City Dancers, winners of the 2017 staging of the competition, and dance-offs betweenneighbouring high schools including Pembroke Hall High, Dunoon Technical High, St. George's High and Donald Quarrie High.
Continue reading ".@DancinDynamites Brings Teen Dancers On Board For 2020!" →
Tagged 13th street, 13thstreetpromo, 13thstreetpromotions, blog, blogger, dance, dancehall, dancehall. dancehall music, Dancin' Dynamites, deejay, donate, entertainment, facebook, jamaica, jamaican, music, paypal, swadedavillain, twitter, wordpressLeave a comment
GET TO KNOW: "Fresh And Clean" With @JazEliseJA!
Posted on July 26, 2019 August 3, 2019 by swadedavillain
Hailing from Kingston, Jamaica, Recording Artist Jaz Elise is making her way up to becoming one of the bright stars on the music scene. With her career only starting recently, she has impressed with first few releases. We've featured her as one of the Artists to watch out for in 2019, and recently we had a lil chat. Without further ado, GET TO KNOW Jaz Elise below!
Words By: @swadedavillain
Cover Photo: Jik Reuben
Additional Photos: Chris Malachi
13thStreetPromo: Thanks for taking the time out to have a quick chat with 13thStreetPromotions.com. We've heard and enjoyed the tracks, but for those who don't know, who is the Singer named Jaz Elise?
Jaz Elise: I am just a girl who decided to take a leap of faith less than a year ago to do music for a living. I love singing, wholeheartedly. It brings me a joy, and I've found that the best way I can reach people is through my voice. I am fully born and raised in Jamaica also.
13thSP: When did you realize you could have a career in music? How did you get your start?
JE: I have always been singing (church, school etc), but never really took it seriously. I was mainly empowered to only do a 9-5. My exposure to the arts however empowered me to really see a career being a Recording Artist. I really got the calling and courage to do it as a career a few years ago and that's when I started going to studio, and did a few singing gigs all while still being in school. Encouragement from my friends and family as well as a personal conviction really pushed me to decide to do it as a career though. I would say when I released my first single ("For You") in November 2018 that's when I decided to go full force into it.
Continue reading "GET TO KNOW: "Fresh And Clean" With @JazEliseJA!" →
Tagged 13th street, 13thstreetpromo, 13thstreetpromotions, blog, blogger, dance, dancehall, dancehall. dancehall music, donate, entertainment, facebook, Fresh and Clean, Get To Know, interview, jamaica, jamaican, jamaican music, Jaz Elise, JLL, JLLProd, music, music video, paypal, riddim, singer, swadedavillain, twitter, video, wordpress, youtubeLeave a comment
Colombia Takes @DancinDynamites' International Night Finals!
Posted on May 22, 2019 June 2, 2019 by swadedavillain
The inaugural international leg of the Charles Chocolates Dancin' Dynamites was a pulsating and energetic one from the opening performance to the closing curtains when South American group Colombian Xtreme Dancers hoisted their winning trophy after kicking the competitiveness up a few octaves.
With four countries being represented, the teams, Jamaican Coolers (re-branded from Too Kool who won the national finale), Cuban Triple Threat, St. Lucian Onyx and Colombian Xtreme Dancers were amped up about vying for top honours, and a $500,000 grand prize. The stakes were high, and the anticipation of the imminent showdown had the audience on the edge of their seats.
Cuban Triple Threat got the show on the road, followed swiftly by St. Lucian Onyx, but the moment the Columbian Xtreme Dancers stepped centerstage, there was a sense that the audience was in for an unforgettable experience. Through brilliantly executed stunts, flips, tosses, and dazzling dance moves, the audience was hooked on all the captivating Colombian team had to offer. A few standing ovations and two dance clashes later, the judges' announcement confirmed what some audience members were already chanting – Colombian Xtreme Dancers had won.
"We feel really good, we feel really comfortable being here," said an out-of-breath Juliana Echeverry, one of the members of the team, after accepting the winning trophy. "We want to thank Dancin' Dynamites for the opportunity and we are looking forward to coming back and giving Jamaica yet another beautiful performance."
Competition judges Kerry-Ann Henry and Orville Hall weighed in on the finale with exceptional reviews on the Mad & Mean Season 14 themed staging. "It was very exciting. I really appreciated that all the teams brought their A-game. They represented their country not only in terms of the music and the costumes but in their energy, choreographically, as well with their movement, but the energy, that was on point,"Kerry-Ann commented. "I think it's important for people to carry the energy of their country. All the dances and performances were of a high standard and I appreciate it."
Hall shared similar sentiments, "The season was already on a high but tonight really topped everything.This international component, I hope it's something that the organizers definitely keep. This was my 14th year and it feel like mi a start from scratch again with the excitement weh mi a feel about it," he said. "I know the Jamaicans would have had competition, I've been to Colombia and seen them dance and seen how passionate they are about it, just like Jamaicans, so I know it would have been a tough fight. It's really the best team that came out on top."
Continue reading "Colombia Takes @DancinDynamites' International Night Finals!" →
Tagged 13th street, 13thstreetpromo, 13thstreetpromotions, blog, blogger, Charles Chocolate, dance, dancehall, dancehall. dancehall music, Dancin' Dynamites, donate, entertainment, facebook, jamaica, jamaican, jamaican music, music, paypal, swadedavillain, twitter, wordpressLeave a comment
"Too Kool" Score National Champs Title, Gear Up For Dancin' Dynamites Finale.
Posted on May 16, 2019 May 19, 2019 by swadedavillain
With extraordinary energy and moves that packed tonnes of explosive force, the long-running Charles Chocolates Dancin' Dynamites wrapped the national legof its fourteenth season last Sunday with resilient crowd pleasers Too Kool being crowned the 2019 national champions, copping the coveted first-place title and over $1.5M in cash and prizes.
'Mad and Mean' was the theme and promise for this season, and the dance crew comprising Shawn Corrodus, Damoya Grant and Michael Thompson thrilled the live audience and television viewers islandwide as they showcased their winning moves to the intersecting rhythms of the West African Afrobeat musical genre.
"It was a very complicated competition," Damoya Grant, the group's only female member, shared. "It was very stressful, but words can't express our [happiness to] win, and we're more than ready for next week when we take on the international dancers."
Competition judge Orville shares the stage in showcasing dancehall moves from years past with show competitors from previous years.
Having earned bragging rights of emerging as national champions after a week of public voting leading up to part one the finale staging, the crew will advance to part two of the finale on Sunday, May 19 where they will face off against dancers from Colombia, Cuba, and St. Lucia at the Jamaica College auditorium.
Too Kool, New Era and Legend Squad, who each placed first, second and third respectively,performed prepared and impromptu routines with the latter guided by an exciting judges'challenge, where the teams created routines on spot.
Continue reading ""Too Kool" Score National Champs Title, Gear Up For Dancin' Dynamites Finale." →
Tagged 13th street, 13thstreetpromo, 13thstreetpromotions, blog, blogger, Charles Chocolate, dance, dancehall, dancehall. dancehall music, Dancin' Dynamites, donate, entertainment, facebook, jamaica, jamaican, Jenny Jenny, paypal, swadedavillain, Too Kool, twitter, wordpressLeave a comment
.@DancinDynamites Gear Up For "Mad And Mean" Finals!
Posted on May 8, 2019 May 16, 2019 by swadedavillain
As the news spread across Braeton on Saturday (May 4) that the semi-finalists for the Charles Chocolates Dancin' Dynamites Competition were about to embark on a showdown in the Braeton Gully – an unlikely location in Portmore – the excitement reached fever pitch, and residents came out in numbers to witness the never before seen display. Detouring from the usual Jamaica College auditorium venue, the Charles Chocolates team weaved a twist in the 'Mad and Mean' themed competition, bringing the semi-final show to its Sunshine City home base. The event pulled out scores of fans as the news spread that this was not a typical Saturday afternoon. "It's a wonderful feeling to see such a great turnout from the community today. When we decided to take the semi-finals here, the idea was to create an immersive experience for our most discerning fans on our home ground, and I'm so happy to see the that everyone is having a fantastic time," said Roxanne Brown, Brand Manager, Charles Chocolates.
Roxanne Brown, Brand Manager, Charles Chocolates, shares lens time with some members from the Code X dance group. Code X emerged as the winner of two intense round of clashes walking away with a $16,000 cash prize and bragging rights at the Charles Chocolates Dancin' Dynamites semi-final.
As the air buzzed with excitement, dancers from Legend Squad, Too Kool Dancers, Code X, and New Era, prepared to wow the expectant audience. With DJ Tropical of Hitz 92, and DJ Niney from Di Unit in Portmore at the turntables unleashing a string of pulsating beats, a six a side football competition, a host of activities to keep everyone busy, and the anticipation of the eventual showdown; the energy was palpable. Code X emerged as the winners of two intense round of clashes walking away with a $16,000 cash prize and bragging rights. New Era held their own, winning the prize for the Perfect Catch performance and a host of compliments from the judges. "You (New Era) performed like you were in the community and heard there was a dance competition and you just come out and kill it, andstill kept the moves clean and the energy high all throughout!" exclaimed season judge Kerry-Annwhen describing New Era's performance.
Only three of the dance groups will move on to the first of two exhilarating finals which will be held this Sunday, May 12, 2019. In the first finals, the local teams will compete for the top honoursand the Charles Chocolates Dancin' Dynamites title. The second finale, which will be held on Sunday, May 19, will see the winner of the local finals will facing-off against teams from Colombia, Cuba and St. Lucia for the ultimate title. Both showdowns will be held at the Jamaica College auditorium in Kingston.
Guest artiste, Gully Bop serenades Roxanne Brown, Brand Manager of Charles Chocolates at the Dancin' Dynamites 'Mad and Mean' semi-final at the Braeton Gully, Portmore.
In keeping with the gully theme at the Braeton semi-final, entertainment was provided by guest artiste Gully Bop who performed a high energy set as he worked the crowd into a frenzy. Cheerleading group, Cheerzone, was also on hand to heighten the excitement, holding the intent gaze of the spellbound audience that soaked up their awe-inducing stunts, seamless routines and incredible dance moves.
Continue reading ".@DancinDynamites Gear Up For "Mad And Mean" Finals!" →
Tagged 13th street, 13thstreetpromo, 13thstreetpromotions, Badda Bling, blog, blogger, Charles Chocolate, dance, dancehall, Dancin' Dynamites, deejay, donate, entertainment, facebook, Gully Bop, jamaica, jamaican, jamaican music, Mad and Mean, music, paypal, swadedavillain, twitter, wordpressLeave a comment
.@BeyondOzEvents Announces @OnTheGrandKW Summer Mini Festival Line-up!
From the masterminds behind Ever After Music Festival, Beyond Oz Productions is thrilled to announce the second annual On The Grand summer mini festival line-up featuring Yellow Claw, ZiA, Queensryche, Skid Row, Great White, MC Hammer, Sisqo, Biz Markie and many more. A hot spot for some of the most highly anticipated concerts and events in the Tri-City area this summer, On The Grand will open its doors in June to kick off the summer festival season. Ticket prices for all shows will vary, but starts at the low price of $37.99. All mini festival tickets can be purchased on April 10 at onthegrand.com at noon.
Who doesn't like a good festival? Beyond Oz listened to what the community wanted and is pleased to announce themed mini festival dates throughout the summer. Beginning in June, attendees will have the pleasure of experiencing everything from, multiple food trucks, vendors, inflatables, Metal and Rock music to celebrating everything Canadian – On the Grand will surely have a mini festival that will appeal to every crowd.
(click below for the line-up!)
Continue reading ".@BeyondOzEvents Announces @OnTheGrandKW Summer Mini Festival Line-up!" →
Tagged 13th street, 13thstreetpromo, 13thstreetpromotions, Beyond OZ Productions, blog, blogger, canada, dance, dancehall, dancehall. dancehall music, deejay, dj, donate, entertainment, facebook, hip hop, jamaica, jamaican, jamaican music, Kitchener, music, On The Grand, party, paypal, rap, reggae, Reggae Fest, singer, swadedavillain, twitter, wordpressLeave a comment
The Twin Of Twins Look To Stir It Up Even More With Their "In The Mean Time" Radio Show!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Does nesting NIntegrate inside ParallelMap hinder NIntegrate's built-in parallel execution? I have a function fun[a_,b_] and I want to NIntegrate that function with respect to a for each of about 8 values of b that are stored in bValList. I am considering using
ParallelMap[
  NIntegrate[fun[a,#],{a,0,1}]&,
  bValList]

I've read that NIntegrate does some things in parallel already. Assuming I have sufficiently many kernels available, would nesting NIntegrate inside ParallelMap prevent NIntegrate from its usual automatic parallel execution?

A: NIntegrate's parallel capabilities are not documented.  It is something I noticed by chance.  This means that you should experiment to try to get an answer to your question (and keep in mind that not all integrals may behave the same).
For example,
int[] := NIntegrate[1/x Cos[Log[x]/x], {x, 0, 10}, PrecisionGoal -> 12, MaxRecursion -> 30]

Do[int[], {100}] // AbsoluteTiming
(* {13.0918, Null} *)

During this computation I can see 50% CPU usage on a 4-core, 8-thread CPU.  Taking the CPU's "hyperthreading" capabilities into account, this is essentially full utilization of all 4 cores.
Let us now run the same calculation in a single subkernel, and observe the CPU usage again.
LaunchKernels[]
(* {"KernelObject"[1, "local"], "KernelObject"[2, "local"],
 "KernelObject"[3, "local"], "KernelObject"[4, "local"]} *)

k = First[%]
(* "KernelObject"[1, "local"] *)

DistributeDefinitions[int]
(* int *)

ParallelEvaluate[Do[int[], {100}], k] // AbsoluteTiming
(* {12.9261, Null} *)

This time I see that only a single core is being used.  This indicates that NIntegrate won't work in parallel on a subkernel.  However, the timing for the calculation is the same!  I do not know why.
Let us now try to run the same Do in parallel, using all four subkernels at the same time.
ParallelDo[int[], {100}] // AbsoluteTiming
(* {3.57534, Null} *)

I see full CPU utilization again, and now the timing is only about 1/4 of the original.
So it seems that NIntegrate does use parallelization very efficiently, and it is still worth running it in an explicit parallel loop (like ParallelDo).
I do not understand why this is.  Further investigation would be useful, but I am going to stop here.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


What is corten a steel plate ?
Triton Alloys Inc. is a corten a steel plate stockholders and suppliers, delivering to the whole of the world.we are ISO 9001:2008 accredited and supplies corten a steel plate to internationally approved quality standards for applications. corten a steel plate have excellent quality to fully satisfy customer's requirements.
The corten a steel plate supplied by us are accepted by clients in various spheres of the industries ranging from basic industries such as Sugar, Paper, Textile, Dairy, Engineering to more complex such as Oil & Gas, Petrochemical, Chemical & Fertilizers, Power Generation and Nuclear Industries.
Titon alloys Inc. specializes in corten a steel plate .With years of experience in manufacturing corten a steel plate we offer high quality, lower cost but the best service. As a result to that our export account today is in various countries like Saudi arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, Yemen, UAE, Iran, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Greece, Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam, South Africa,South America,Brazil, India, Australia, Egypt.We welcome your inquiries.
We offer high grade corten a steel plate at affordable price. These corten a steel plate are manufactured using finest grade raw material available to ensure international quality. These corten a steel plate are available in different shape size and thickness according to the needs of our customer. Owing to highly experienced group of qualified professional and use of latest technology machinery, Triton Alloys Inc. have supplied high quality corten a steel plate and profiles to customers throughout the worldwide.
As well as being available from stock all corten a steel plate can be cut to size and shape according to your fabrication and design requirements and all work is governed by our independently accredited and regularly audited quality systems.Our corten a steel plate are sourced from the highest quality steel manufacturers in the world and, like all our suppliers, these manufacturers have been vetted and assessed by our procurement team.
Corten A – a weather resistant steel created by alloying copper, chromium and nickel. In addition to this, Corten A has added phosphorous which makes the material best suited for gas flue applications and for aesthetic facias The material is not recommended in heavy load bearing applications – in this case Corten B or S355J2W should be considered.
The top layer of the material reacts with atmospheric elements to form a rust coloured protective layer which not only makes the steel virtually maintenance free but also provides a pleasing and consistent finish.
Package Standard export package,suit for all kinds of transport,or as required.
Each order is packaged according to the customer' s standards including preparation for export such as wooden case, pallet or according to customer's requirement All shipping documentation is provided for corten a steel plate delivery from mill to customer.
We Supply Our corten a steel plate to various countries like Saudi arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, Yemen, UAE, Iran, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Greece, Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam, South Africa,South America,Brazil, India, Australia, Egypt.


There are all kinds of events taking place in Bangkok all the time, and yesterday, it was the Tattoo Festival at the MBK shopping mall.
You can find lots of tattoo artists in Bangkok, and actually in all of Thailand. Not just the modern tattoo as here ih the photo, but also traditional tattoos that have spiritual purposes, and that are said to sometimes even have magic powers to protect a person or bring a special fortune unto him.
The most popular example was actress Angelina Jolie who got tattooed by such a traditional Thai tattoo artist and later got high-paying movie roles that furthered her career even more. Ever since then, that tattoo artist has also become more and more popular and famous. But you can also find many Buddhist monks in temples who do these kinds of spiritual tattoos.


text:
BEN STANSALL/AFP/Getty Images
Commonwealth Countries Tell Theresa May They Won't Decriminalize Gay Sex: "Homosexuality Is Worse Than The Atom Bomb!"
At a gathering of Commonwealth nations this week, the prime minister called on leaders to overhaul "outdated" anti-gay laws.
by Dan Avery 4/22/2018
This week, the U.K. hosted the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM) in London, addressing shared global challenges and planning strategies for a brighter future. One issue human rights activists had been pressing Prime Minister Theresa May to address is the criminalization of homosexuality in former British colonies: Of the 53 countries in the Commonwealth, 37 ban same-sex behavior to one degree or another.
On Tuesday, May called on Commonwealth nations to overhaul "outdated" anti-gay laws, insisting "nobody should face discrimination or persecution because of who they are or who they love."
DANIEL LEAL-OLIVAS/AFP/Getty Images
The United Kingdom "deeply regrets" its historic role in imposing such measures, she added, which has led to discrimination, violence, imprisonment, and in some cases death. (An estimated one billion people live in former British colonies with sodomy bans.) "I am all too aware that these laws were often put in place by my own country. They were wrong then and they are wrong now."
Her speech, which went further than past condemnations by sitting prime ministers, drew cheers at home. LGBT activist Peter Tatchell insisted it "[could not] be easily dismissed and disparaged by Commonwealth heads of government." But it wasn't so well-received elsewhere: Kingsford Sumana Bagbin, deputy speaker of Ghana's parliament, vowed to push back against any pressure to impose Western sexual morality, and is urging President Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo to condemn May's remarks.
Wiktor Szymanowicz / Barcroft Media via Getty Images
"Homosexuality is worse than atomic bomb," he said on a morning radio show this week. "So for that matter, there is no way we will accept it in country."
In Kenya, President Uhuru Kenyatta told CNN's Christiane Amanpour that homosexuality is not a human rights issue, but rather one of "our own base as a culture."
Even in Trinidad and Tobago, which did repeal its sodomy laws this month, religious leaders accuse May of "bullying" former colonies into changing laws around same-sex relations.
Henry Nicholls/AFP
"If homosexuality is gonna be decriminalized, it will criminalize Christian freedom," Bishop Victor Gill told BBC Radio 4. "From the perspective of the Christian community, that this is something that is being forced on us by power brokers that are influencing our government."
But while Jamaica still punishes homosexuality with up to ten years hard labor, Prime Minister Andrew Holness said he was open to having a gay person in his government. "Firstly, it's not my business, neither is it my interest," he said at the Commonwealth gathering. "Whatever is in my discretion to distribute politically, a person's sexuality or sexual orientation is not a criteria for the use of my discretion."
Jamaica has one of the worst records on anti-LGBT violence in the world, but Holness added that views are evolving slowly on the island. The world needs to give them time, he said, lamenting that his countrymen feel "targeted."
"I think that Jamaica ought to be given space to find its own solution to the problem."
In Nigeria, which criminalizes homosexuality with up to 14 years in prison, the Vanguard declared May had instructed heads of state "to return home and promote homosexuality."
42 Men Arrested In Raid On 'Gay' Hotel In Nigeria
"Like a mother talking to her kids, she promised them lollipops in the form of aid to enable them dismantle all laws that criminalize or do not favor homosexuality." Another columnist, for the Nigerian Guardian suggested May was just pushing for LGBT rights in Africa because she was a lesbian herself.
Femi Gbajabiamila, the majority leader in the Nigerian House of Representatives, said that he "seriously doubted" there would be any change in the law there. "As far as we are concerned in the National Assembly, this matter was conclusive and we will never revisit it."
So if words don't work, would sanctions? Even though many Commonwealth countries rely on substantial aid from the U.S. and U.K., their leaders say no.
"A country like Nigeria, that is strictly guided by Islamic and Christian codes respectively will not contemplate this act of immorality," representative Alhassan Doguwa. "No matter what global consequences we may have to face."
Dan Avery
Dan Avery is a writer-editor who focuses on culture, breaking news and LGBT rights. His work has appeared in Newsweek, The New York Times, Time Out New York, The Advocate and elsewhere.
@ItsDanAvery
Tags: International


text:
The National Commission for Scheduled Tribes
Approach and Methodology
Functions of the Commission
Powers of the Commission
Consultations by Union and States
Constitutional Safeguards for STs
Educational & Cultural Safeguards
Social Safeguard
Economic Safeguards
Political Safeguards
Safeguards under Various laws
The National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) was established by amending Article 338 and inserting a new Article 338A in the Constitution through the Constitution (89th Amendment) Act, 2003. By this amendment, the erstwhile National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes was replaced by two separate Commissions namely- (i) the National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC), and (ii) the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) w.e.f. 19 February, 2004.
Certain Communities suffering from Extreme Social & Economic Backwardness- like Untouchability Primitive Agri-Practices, Lack of Infrastructural facilities, Geographical Isolation- needed special consideration for safeguarding their interests;
These communities were notified as Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes as per provisions of Art. 341(1) and 342(1) of the Constitution respectively;
Under the original provisions of Art.338 of the Constitution, Special Officer (Commissioner) for SC&ST appointed was assigned the duty to investigate all matters relating to the Safeguards for SCs and STs in various Statutes and to report to the President upon the working of these Safeguards;
To facilitate working of the Commissioner for (SCs&STs),17 Regional Offices were set up in different parts of the Country;
In 1978 the Govt. (through a Resolution) decided to set up a Multi-Member Commission (Non-Statutory) for SCs and STs with Sh. Bhola Paswan Shastri as Chairperson and having 4 Members (with 3 year tenure ); Office of Commissioner for SCs & STs also Continued to exist;
The 17 Regional Offices earlier transferred to DG (Backward Classes Welfare), were brought back under the control of the new Multi Member Commission;
In 1987, the Govt. (through another Resolution) modified functions of the Commission (making it as a National Level Advisory Body) to advise the Govt. on Broad Policy Issues and levels of Development of SCs and STs;
The statutory National Commission for SCs & STs came into being on 12-3-92 (after the Constitutiona (65th )Amendment); Act 1990. Notified on 8-6-1990), it was headed by Sh. Ram Dhan as Chairperson and had Sh. Bandi Oraon as VC, Sh. B. Sammaiah, Dr. Sanojni Mahishi, Chaudhary Hari Singh, Sh..N. Brahma and Sh. Jina Bhai Darjee as Members, replacing the Special Officer for SCs and STc.
The 2nd Commission was constituted on 5-10-95 with Sh..H. Hanumanthappa as Chairperson Smt. Omem Moyong Deori as VC and Sh. N.C. Chaturvedi, Sh. Anand Mohan Biswas, Ven. Lama Lobzang, Sh. Nar Singh Baitha, and Sh. B. Yadaiah as Members;
The 3rd Commission was constituted in Dec-1998 comprising Sh. Dileep Singh Bhuria as Chairperson, Sh. Kameshwar Paswan as VC, and Sh. Harinder Singh Khalsa, Ven Lama Lobzang, Sh. Chhotray Majhi, Sh.M. Kannan, Smt. Veena Nayyar as Members. On resignation of Sh. M. Kannan, Sh. C. Chellapan became Member;
The 4th Commission was constituted in March 2002 comprising Dr. Vijay Sonkar Shastri as Chairperson, Ven Lamma Chosphel Zotpa as VC, and Sh. Vijay Kumar Chaudhary, Sh. Narayan Singh Kesari, Sh. Tapir Gao as Members, while Smt. Veena Nayyar and Sr. C. Chellapan continued till completion of their respective tenures of 3yrs. In Aug, 02, Smt. Veena Prem Kumar also became a member in place of Smt. Veena Nayyar. On completion of term by Sh. Chellapan, Sh. Sampath Kumar became Member on 30-9-2003;Consequent upon implementation of the provision of the Constitution (89th) Amendment Act.2003, as per notification dated 19-2-2004, the Erstwhile National Commission for SC & ST was replaced by two Commissions viz; National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC) and National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST). The composition of the first National Commission for Scheduled included Sh. Kunwar Singh as Chairperson (w.e.f 15/3/04) Sh. Gajendra Singh Rajukheri as Vice- Chairperson (w.e.f 29.05.06), Ven. Lama Lobzang (w.e.f.2-3-04) Smt. Prema Bai Mandavi (w.e.f 4.3.04) Sh. Buduru Srinivasulu (w.e.f 11.3.04) as Members. Chairperson,V.C. and Members have a tenure of 3 years each. Chairperson has the status of Union Cabinet Minister, while V.C has the status of Minister of State and Members have the Status of Secretary to Government of India. Shri Kunwar Singh, resigned from his post in February, 2007 and Shri Gajendra Singh Rajukheri resigned in May 2007 while other Members demitted their office after completion of their tenure in March 2007.
The second commission comprised of Smt. Urmila Singh, Chairperson, (assumed office from 18.06.2007 to 24.01.2010), Shri Maurice Kujur, Vice Chairperson, (assumed office on 25.04.2008 to 24.04.2011), Shri Tsering Samphel, Member (assumed office from 14.06.2007 to 13.06.2010) and Shri Oris Syiem Myriaw, Member, (assumed office on 17.04.2008 to 16.04.2011).
Keeping in view its Constitutional obligations and the issues that are now critical, after almost half a century of independence, for the overall development and mainstreaming of the Scheduled Tribes, the present Commission, constituted in February, 2004 has adopted a more vigorous approach in its functioning. The meetings of the Commission are held regularly and the implementation of decisions taken is monitored keenly.
In order to monitor and evaluate the impact of development schemes, the Commission has decided to interact with the State/UT Governments more actively by holding State level review meetings with the Chief Secretaries and other senior officers and conducting field level visits. The Commission feels that as a result of these visits and meetings, the State/UT Governments will become more conscious of the genuine problems of the Scheduled Tribes and would take the necessary initiative in working out remedial measures and adopting appropriate strategies.
The Commission, through its Headquarters and State Offices has also conducted field level inquiries and studies. This process has been given a renewed vigour with a view to ensure prompt relief, especially in matters, relating to crimes and atrocities on Scheduled Tribes and the grant of development benefits.
The procedure for investigating into complaints, especially with reference to violation of service safeguards, has also been streamlined to ensure prompt and speedy disposal of cases and relief in genuine cases. By calling officers and concerned Liaison Officers to the Commission with all relevant records, many long pending cases are being decided in one or two sittings. The Commission has also used its powers of Civil Court to summon documents and enforcing attendance in conducting the inquiries.
The Commission is of the view that it is only through proper planning and effective implementation of appropriate schemes for development that the Scheduled Tribes can hope to catch up with the rest of the population and realize their full potential. The Commission has, thus, made a beginning by actively associating itself and participating in the planning process at the National and State levels. Regular communication is being maintained with the Planning Commission, Ministry of Tribal Affairs and the State/UT Governments. The Annual Plans of the Central Ministries, States and UT Governments are being analysed in the Commission to this end with the support of its State Offices.
The National Commission for Scheduled Tribes functions from its Headquarters at New Delhi and from the Regional Offices of the Commission located in six States.
There are following six Units at the Hqrs.:
Coordination Unit
Research Unit-I
Research Unit - II
Research Unit-III
Research Unit-IV
The main functional units are Research Unit-I, Research Unit-II, Research Unit-III, Research Unit-IV, which deal with all matters pertaining to socio-economic and educational development, service safeguards and atrocities in relation to STs as per distribution of the Ministries/ Departments (including CPSEs and other Organisation/ Offices under their administrative control) and the States and UTs among these four Research Units.
There are 6 Regional offices of the National Commission for Scheduled tribes which work as 'eyes and ears' of the Commission. They keep a watch on the formulation of policy and issue of guidelines relating to the welfare of Scheduled Tribes in the States/UTs and keep the Commission's Headquarters informed about the developments periodically. Policy decisions taken by any State Government/UT Administration affecting the interests of the Scheduled Tribes are brought to the notice of the concerned authorities for necessary action.
For Organisation Chart (23.8KB)
(Under Clause (5) of Art. 338A)
To investigate & Monitor matters relating to Safeguards provided for STs under the Constitution or under other laws or under Govt. Order, to evaluate the working of such Safeguards.
To inquire into specific complaints relating to Rights & Safeguards of STs;
To participate and advise in the Planning Process relating to Socio-economic development of STs, and to evaluate the progress of their development under the Union and any State;
To submit report to the President annually and at such other times as the Commission may deem fit, upon/ working of Safeguards, Measures required for effective implementation of Programmers/ Schemes relating to Welfare and Socio-economic development of STs;
To discharge such other functions in relation to STs as the President may, subject to the provisions of any law made by Parliament, by rule specify;
The Commission would also discharge the following other functions in relation to the protection, welfare and development & advancement of the Scheduled Tribes, namely:-
Measures that need to be taken over conferring ownership rights in respect of minor forest produce to the Scheduled Tribes living in forest areas.
Measures to be taken to safeguard rights to the Tribal Communities over mineral resources, water resources etc. as per law.
Measures to be taken for the development of tribals and to work for move viable livelihood strategies.
Measures to be taken to improve the efficacy of relief and rehabilitation measures for tribal groups displaced by development projects.
Measures to be taken to prevent alienation of tribal people from land and to effectively rehabilitate such people in whose case alienation has already taken place.
Measures to be taken to elicit maximum cooperation and involvement of Tribal Communities for protecting forests and undertaking social afforestation.
Measures to be taken to ensure full implementation of the Provisions of Panchayats (Extension to the Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 (40 of 1996).
Measures to be taken to reduce and ultimately eliminate the practice of shifting cultivation by Tribals that lead to their continuous disempowerment and degradation of land and the environment
For Investigation and Inquiry, the Commission is vested with powers of a civil court having authority to:
Summon and enforce attendance of any person and examine on oath;
Discovery & production of any documents;
Receive evidence on affidavits;
Requisition any public record or copy thereof from any court or office;
Issue Commissions for examination of witnesses and documents; and
Any matter which President, by rule, may determine.
Union and every State Govt. to consult the Commission on all major Policy matters affecting Scheduled Tribes.
Art. 15(4) - Special provisions for advancement of other backward classes (which includes STs);
Art. 29 - Protection of Interests of Minorities (which includes STs);
Art. 46 - The State shall promote, with special care, the educational and economic interests of the weaker sections of the people, and in particular, of the Scheduled Castes, and the Scheduled Tribes, and shall protect them from social injustice and all forms of exploitation,
Art. 350 - Right to conserve distinct Language, Script or Culture;
Art. 350 - Instruction in Mother Tongue.
Art. 23 - Prohibition of traffic in human beings and beggar and other similar form of forced labour
Art. 24 - Forbidding Child Labour.
Art.244 - Clause(1) Provisions of Fifth Schedule shall apply to the administration & control of the Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes in any State other than the states of Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram and Tripura which are covered under Sixth Schedule, under Clause (2) of this Article.
Art. 275 - Grants in-Aid to specified States (STs &SAs) covered under Fifth and Sixth Schedules of the Constitution.
Art.164 (1) - Provides for Tribal Affairs Ministers in Bihar, MP and Orissa
Art. 330 - Reservation of seats for STs in Lok Sabha
Art. 332 - Reservation of seats for STs in State Legislatures
Art. 334 - 10 years period for reservation (Amended several times to extend the period
Art. 243 - Reservation of seats in Panchayats
Art. 371 - Special provisions in respect of NE States and Sikkim
The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act,1989 and the Rules 1995 framed there under.
Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act 1976 (in respect of Scheduled Tribes);
The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act1986;
States Acts & Regulations concerning alienation & restoration of land belonging to STs;
Forest Conservation Act 1980;
Panchayatiraj (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act 1996;
Minimum Wages Act 1948.
Source: The National Commission for Scheduled Tribes
Last Modified : 10/26/2021
Antioxidant and their medicinal applications
The Article provides information about Antioxidant...
Sim card swapping
This topic provides information about Sim Card Swa...
20th Livestock Census
This topic provides information about 20th Livesto...


text:
Paradox and possibility: The example of Francis
'You are the first generation of Catholic educators who will not have members of religious orders or congregations present in any number at all in your staff rooms and in your classrooms. Thus the need for lay Catholic educators to cultivate their spirituality while also being attentive to the demands of Church and the Church hierarchy.' 6th International Conference on Catholic Educational Leadership, Sydney, 13 August 2013.
End of the education revolution
Religious schools discriminate against the vulnerable
Luke Williams
She was in year nine when people started to suspect she was gay. At that time a lesbian teacher at her Catholic school 'was kicked out' and 'people targeted me even more'. State intervention in religion might be undesirable, but too many religious groups respond to the discrimination debate with rights-based arguments that lack empathy.
Public schools' charity case
A survey released this week found that the lion's share of philanthrpopic giving goes to independent non-government schools. Gonski devoted an entire chapter to the question of how private cash can be got to where need is greatest. The Government should act on his recommendation, but not before beefing it up.
Best of 2012: Skating solutions to boys' education
My son goes to a friendly primary school and is making progress. But his handwriting is poor, he hates sitting for long periods, and doesn't understand why the girls are 'better at everything'. He likes sport and art, which involve 'doing stuff'. Schools have been battling with adolescent boys for centuries. Maybe it's time to give some ground. Monday 24 September
Best of 2012: Gonski's reductionist view of education
The report's argument that a base level of funding be established might lead to a lowest common denominator approach to determining what is an 'efficient' education, in both the state and private systems. Creativity, diversity and experimentation may be hindered in such a regime. Friday 24 February
Gillard's education pipedream
In setting a target of Australia reaching the OECD's top five school systems by 2025 the Prime Minister has made a rod for her own back. It is difficult to see our present way of organising, funding and governing schooling getting us anywhere near that target. But what kind of system might?
Skating solutions to boys' education
My son goes to a friendly primary school and is making progress. But his handwriting is poor, he hates sitting for long periods, and doesn't understand why the girls are 'better at everything'. He likes sport and art, which involve 'doing stuff'. Schools have been battling with adolescent boys for centuries. Maybe it's time to give some ground.
Rhetoric rules in Gillard Gonski announcement
The Prime Minister's credibility in announcing an education policy response before reaching agreement with the states may be questioned. Without the states, the implementation of Gonski is impossible. This was illustrated graphically by the NSW Government's announcement of funding cuts to Catholic and independent schools.
Holistic cures for school snobbery
Once, my mother reprimanded a young student whom she taught at an expensive private school. The boy replied that his dad could 'buy and sell' her. As easy as it would be to conclude that private schools breed poor behaviour, rude children are just that — class has little to do with it.
Villains of Australian education funding
Teacher organisations have advocated for one sector rather than opposing the whole flawed structure. Catholic bishops have insisted on public subsidies for avowedly exclusive schools. Governments have adopted policies which have entrenched a socially counter-productive organisation of a major public institution. How many more generations has this scheme of things got left to run?
Battle for the 21st century classroom
The classroom — one teacher, one group of students, usually of the same age, one rectangular space, door closed — is the great survivor of schooling. It has been depicted as a contest between 'teacher-centred' and 'student-centred' pedagogies. But in the age of technology there is a new contender for dominance in the classroom.


I've been meaning to post this for over a week, but Nintendo's new handheld, the Nintendo 3DS will be hitting US store shelves on March 27th for the ever-so-tempting price of 249$. Tiny Cartridge (one of my favorite DS sites) has a concise list of details that may be of interest.
Like I said, that $249 price tag is very tempting. So is the Resident Evil Mercenaries game (complete with HUNK!).
I haven't pre-ordered one yet, but I am strongly considering it.
I've already got $150 or so paid off on my 3DS. I haven't picked up any of the DS iterations at launch yet but given that it's the system I've probably played the most over the last 4-5 years, I'm stoked for the 3DS.
I got the DS fatty right around launch as well as the Lite but I never picked up a DSi or DSi XL. We now have 3 DS Lites in the house, so there is a DS going quite often in the house.
If things work out, I'll have a 3DS in my hands around launch as well.
My wife and I are big fans of Nintendo handhelds, so we typically get one of each iteration at launch. The DSi and DSi XL were notable exceptions; it took months before either one of those ended up in our hands.
I have the aqua-colored one on preorder with SSFIV 3D and DOA Dimensions (Amazon lists it as a launch day title, but Nintendo's official list does not).
No, I am not pre-ordering one, or planning to pick one up anytime in the near future. Playing portable SFIV online and in 3D seems pretty cool, but I'm sure I'll like the 3D and don't even play that game on my consoles. I'll wait to see how the 3DS game library develops and how good its online competitive multiplayer offerings are before I purchase this.
Well, one nice thing about the multiplayer offerings is that there won't be friend codes for individual games. That much is a relief.
However, I'm not wowed by what I see and I have no desire to "fit in." There are so many current games on the DS that are fun that don't warrant an expensive upgrade.
I mean, seriously, the launch lineup looks pathetic.
I'm sure it'll get better, but, meh.
Another strike against it is that I've seen a LOT of 3D movies. Only one has ever impressed me. All of them have caused me headaches or discomfort.
Why would I want to carry that around? Roger Ebert posted a great piece on his website why 3D doesn't work that was written by someone in the industry.
Google it. The guy nailed it.
I get where you're coming from, but I've enjoyed almost every 3D movie I've seen. I've never once experienced headaches or discomfort. The movies that use 3D to add depth to the scenes, which is what the 3D in the 3DS is skewing towards, is what I really like.
I agree that the launch line-up is kind of scanty and it is the games coming down the line that really excite me. There are a raft of technical improvements beyond just the 3D that interest me as well, such as the nicer screen and thumb stick.
Yeah, I saw the 3D article but haven't had a chance to read it. But I wonder how it will apply on the small screen of the 3DS.
I'm with Brock, though, I've enjoyed what 3D I've seen (which, admittedly, isn't much).
"Pathetic" is an incredibly strong word to describe their launch day lineup. If it were full of third party shovelware, then I would agree.
I suspect that Pilotwings, SSFIV 3D, nintendog + cats, The Sims 3 and Super Monkey Ball will be quality games.
Out of curiosity, what would it need to be a good lineup?


. The images are for illustrative purposes only and are not contractual. You can use this as your ringtone in Android and iPhone smartphones. Let's Enjoy downloading Titanic Instrumental Mp3 songs file with , Click download mp3 button and you will be presented some download file link coming from various server. Thanks to our members who uploaded this awesome collection of Hollywood Movie Titanic ringtones from all around the world. Without expressed permission, all uses other than home and private use are forbidden.
All musical material is re-recorded and does not use in any form the original music or original vocals or any feature of the original recording. . . . . .


text:
AACOM / AODME Announcement
Student Primer: New Single Accreditation System for GME
Single GME News and Updates
SAS Student Central
Osteopathic Medical Terminology
2020 Educating Leaders
Event and Meeting Calendar
COM Recruiting Events
2019-2020 Student Guide to Osteopathic Medical Colleges
A Brief Guide to Osteopathic Medicine, For Students, By Students
Clinical Osteopathically Integrated Learning Scenarios (COILS)
Glossary of Osteopathic Terminology
Glossary of Osteopathic Terminology, French Edition, 2011
Osteopathic Medical Education in the United States
Osteopathic Thesaurus
A Teaching Guide for Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine
AACOM News
AACOM Statement on the Opioid Epidemic
AACOM recognizes that there is an urgent need to effectively address the opioid epidemic across the nation. Substance use disorders (SUD)—especially those related to opioids—are threatening the lives of Americans: from 1999 to 2016, more than 630,000 people have died from a drug overdose. Furthermore, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 40 percent of all U.S. opioid overdose deaths involve a prescription opioid.
To meet the evolving health care needs of communities across the country, AACOM believes that it is critical to ensure that the future physician workforce is comprehensively trained. AACOM guides the member colleges of osteopathic medicine (COMs) by providing resources such as the Osteopathic Core Competencies that incorporate medical knowledge, interpersonal and communication skills, and systems-based practice and partnering with the Coalition on Physician Education in Substance Use Disorders (COPE) to help ensure that medical students receive the training and the skills they need to prevent, screen for, diagnose, and treat SUDs.
Curricular innovations at our COMs include simulation, focusing on women's health and abuse, and community-based curricula integrated with care of underserved patients in rural and underserved communities hard-hit by this epidemic. In addition, the COMs are writing research proposals on reducing the non-medical use of prescription drugs and grants to train prescribers in opioid prescribing.
AACOM actively engages with the Administration, relevant federal agencies, Congress, and others to help address this serious epidemic. Our efforts include working with the President's Commission on Combating Drug Addiction and the Opioid Crisis on the critical role the nation's osteopathic medical schools play in combating the crisis and the issue of substance abuse across the country. Additionally, an overwhelming majority of the COMs joined with other medical schools to answer a call for action by the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy and pledged to require all students to take a form of prescriber education in line with the CDC's Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain. As Congress negotiates a comprehensive solution to address this national emergency, AACOM continues to educate legislators and serves as a resource on behalf of the osteopathic medical education community. AACOM also strongly supports measures that address health professional workforce shortages and public health approaches to address non-addictive pain medicine alternatives.
American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine (AACOM) represents the 34 accredited colleges of osteopathic medicine in the United States. These colleges are accredited to deliver instruction at 51 teaching locations in 32 states. In the current academic year, these colleges are educating over 29,000 future physicians—more than 20 percent of all U.S. medical students. Six of the colleges are publicly controlled, 28 are private institutions.
AACOM was founded in 1898 to support and assist the nation's osteopathic medical schools, and to serve as a unifying voice for osteopathic medical education. AACOM provides leadership for the osteopathic medical education community by promoting excellence in medical education, research, and service, and by fostering innovation and quality across the continuum of osteopathic medical education to improve the health of the American public.
Download the PDF version of this statement


text:
Eagles Add Center Tennant, Release Vallos
By Sheil Kapadia·	 10/23/2012, 3:28 p.m.
The Eagles have made a roster move at center, signing Matt Tennant and releasing Steve Vallos.
Tennant (6-5, 300) was originally a fifth-round pick by the Saints in 2010. He played his college ball at Boston College. In 2010 and 2011, Tennant appeared in six games for New Orleans, but did not start any of them, according to Pro Football Focus. He was let go and claimed on waivers by the Patriots before this season. New England released Tennant once previously, but ended up re-signing him. Tennant did not dress for any games with the Patriots.
Here's the NFL.com write-up on Tennant from when he was drafted:
Strengths: Tennant possesses a nice blend of size and athleticism. Displays impressive initial quickness and agility to reach his blocks at the second level. Is a real technician with great field awareness. Exhibits good hand use and gets his arms extended and locked. Body control and balance are also impressive.
Weaknesses: Has a good frame but lacks good bulk for the position. Does not possess the power to consistently deal with the bull rush when pass blocking or blow interior lineman off the ball in the running game. Is not a great knee bender.
The Eagles clearly feel like they have to upgrade the offensive line, but their options are limited right now. They've handed the starting left tackle spot back to King Dunlap, demoting Demetress Bell for the time-being. They also worked out veteran tackle/guard Chris Williams, but he signed with the Rams.
The Eagles have been scrambling at center ever since Jason Kelce tore his ACL in Week 2 against the Ravens. Kelce had surgery yesterday but is out for the season.
Dallas Reynoldshas started the last four games, but he's been shaky. Vallos spent training camp with the Eagles, but was cut before the season started. He was re-signed after the Kelce injury, but didn't dress the last two games.
There's a chance Tennant could push Reynolds, but considering we're already in Week 8, he'll have to make up for lost time.
Follow Sheil Kapadia on Twitter and e-mail him at [email protected]
Dallas Reynolds
Sheil Kapadia
Eagles Wake-Up Call: Live From Bismarck – Philadelphia Magazine


I love the first chapter of Mark. It contains one of the greatest summaries of the gospel in the New Testament. Mark's is nearly as compact as is John 3:16.
The time is fulfilled, and the kingdom of God is at hand; repent, and believe in the good news.
It also tells the strikingly simple story of Jesus calling fishermen who become seekers after—fishers of people. They carry forward and expand the mission of our Lord in the world, and provide an example for us to do likewise.
These simple truths combine in my mind with the truth spoken by Martin Luther King, Jr., whose birthday we celebrated last Sunday afternoon with a splendid interfaith worship service next door at Beth Shalom and then as a nation on Monday's holiday. That service did more that celebrate; it acted as a call to all of us to continue to live into a prophetic vision of God's reign breaking into our lives and our world.
When I preached on this passage twelve years ago, I spoke of the war with Iraq that was then soon to be set in motion. That war began in earnest on March 20 of 2003. In my sermon I called it an unjust war, a conclusion most of us had reached after a careful study of what is known as "just war theory," a set of principles in religious and political thought developed over fifteen centuries that seems to have fallen by the wayside. The Iraq War raged for more than seven years, and its counterpart in Afghanistan, begun two years earlier only ended officially last month.
These wars too come to mind in the contexts of our celebration of the life of an American prophet for peace and justice, even as we witness continuing violence and racism in our cities and in our lives and hearts. Even the recent attacks on the Charlie Hebdo magazine and the demonstrations in Europe and in Muslim nations give expression to our human and troubling penchant for violence and hatred.
Perhaps you are as troubled as I by the "I am Charlie" signs that express an idolatry of free speech—as one of our members suggested at our Men's Group last Tuesday. Not to mention the predictable and tragic reactions in the Middle East and elsewhere both to the disrespect for Islam in the west and to the in-your-face multi- million-issue run of yet another Charlie Hebdo magazine depicting their prophet.
Really? Has the kingdom broken into our world? It is sometimes very hard to see.
It is helpful that in this inaugural and exceedingly brief sermon, Jesus refers both to what God is calling us towards and to what is expected. Our response to the good news of God's action in the world and in Jesus is to repent and believe.
There is much for which to repent. And belief is often difficult to sustain.
What happens next helps to nurture repentance, belief, and hope for us. Jesus extends calls to a couple of fishermen, telling them to make new use of those skills and fish for people. It would be very hard for them and for us to do that task if our hearts nurtured hate rather than love. I appreciate this call of Jesus. It turns us helpfully towards others in a way that challenges us beyond all of the messiness we see around us.
The story of Jonah enhances this message. God will not let Jonah get away with shirking his duty to speak good news, even to those Jonah considers enemies. And his odd, long journey reveals just how essential it is to love even those we would prefer to hate. God is relentless in so loving everyone and everything that, perhaps in desperation, God became a human being, with the intention that we might reflect that love in living and loving eternally.
Both stories remind us that we will not win people to our convictions if we despise them or make war against them. We will only foster further enmity and violence, resentment and hatred.
We could use greater doses of the gospel-inspired teachings of Dr. King about nonviolence. His preaching about self-purification and the cleansing of hatred from the heart become even more relevant in our day. They are the paths of those who would change the hearts of others—who would become fishers of people. Nonviolence doesn't mean merely withholding the desire to kill. In its genuine manifestation, nonviolent action assumes that we cannot change others unless we are working on ourselves.
In the civil rights era, methods of nonviolent resistance and social reform were cultivated, tested, debated, and refined. Experiments in pacifism were not entirely new to American soil, but the fight for civil rights became a highly visible proving ground for nonviolent methods of persuasion and dissent focused on engaging a highly reluctant dominant society.
Fifty years later, we have barely kept the experiment with nonviolence alive. We seem to know less about how to communicate our differences, our anger, and our demands. As a nation, we are mired in the hypocrisy of mere civility—and that is crumbling. We are falsely soothed by the marketing of diversity. We are increasingly incapable of all but the crudest formulations of where our fights truly lie. At the fringes, gangs and militias and terrorists give violent expression to an alienation fed by a national and international paralysis.
Dr. King proclaimed the gospel by his firm foundation in nonviolent resistance, from his acceptance of jail time and beatings and threats of death to his refusal to hate a church whose moral laxity deeply disappointed him. In his letter from Birmingham Jail to white clergy, he resolved that he would neither hate them nor wait for them, but would continue to test them and oppose them nonviolently. He would love the sinners but hate their sin.
In an Advent sermon aired on Christmas Eve 1967, King remarked how "happy" he was that Jesus had not said, "Like your enemies," because there were some people that "I find pretty difficult to like...I can't like anybody who would bomb my home. I can't like anybody who would exploit me. I can't like anybody who would trample over me with injustices. I can't like them. I can't like anybody who threatens to kill me day in and day out."
But he could love them, he said; and King articulated what was at stake for him in loving those whom he could not like, those who would be so much easier to hate. "We will not only win freedom for ourselves (through nonviolence), we will so appeal to your heart and conscience that we will win you in the process, and our victory will be a double victory." King believed that to abandon nonviolence was to lose not just the double victory but any victory. "Hate is injurious to the hater as well as the hated," he said. "Hate is too great a burden to bear."
We may love even those we may not like because God first loved us, as scripture tells us. This is the simple truth of our faith—one that requires nothing of us to enter the door and demands all of us once we're in.
Christianity, and the Judaism from which it springs—along with Islam, stands in a tradition unique in religious thought, belief, and practice. We are not given rules; indeed, it is the law that condemns us. It is impossible to keep, We are weak and unworthy mortals who fool ourselves in the worst possible way if we think that we can make ourselves worthy of God's love, mercy, justice, or redemption.
Our faith speaks the truth loudly and clearly. We come before God with nothing to offer. God comes to us. Jesus bears that truth in flesh. And we are grateful—so grateful from the center of our being, that we offer all of what we have and who we are back to our loving God in sheer knee-buckling surrender and thanksgiving.
That is the flow of today's pithy passage from Mark. The announcement is clear: "The kingdom of God has come near." No hemming or hawing about what we might do about that; no suggestion that we might merit even a timid approach to the throne of God's grace. Just the bald statement of fact, and the culmination of all preceding history. "The time is fulfilled."
And then what? Nothing less than doing a 180, a u-turn, a total redirection of our lives, even if it takes every minute of life we have left to us. "Repent, and believe in the gospel."
How appropriate, then, that Jesus, from this perhaps clearest expression of the heart of the good news, goes on to call fishermen to be fishermen of a new kind—from fishing for sea creatures to fishing for Earth creatures. How cute that with Jonah, God uses a sea creature to make this point!
How appropriate! Why? Because God knows that we have limits, that we have some gifts and not others, that what we have and are is all that we have to give in return for the most precious of all gifts, grace. The response to grace, given freely, is to give back what we are and have.
It's so simple. It's a story so elegantly reduced to the beautiful kernel of truth. Oh, that we might take it to heart, as individuals and as nations.
Repent. believe. And share what God has given.
Jonah provides the foil for this story of call. He is a kind of biblical Jekyll and Hyde. There's Jonah the reluctant prophet. Despite his efforts to escape duty, he is dragged kicking and screaming and disgustedly spewed from the belly of a great fish to the Nineveh that he detests. And there's Jonah the self-righteous prophet, who is so angry and disappointed at God's mercy towards the clearly guilty that he would rather die than see them repent.
God's mercy, he thought—and perhaps we do as well, would spoil everything. And he was right. The people he loved to hate were saved. And in time even Jonah understood that all of life is sacred, and that God does not divide the world into the horribly human categories of "enemy" and "friend."
These texts today call us to be fishers of men and women of all sorts. And one does not tend to fish for creatures that are not savory to the tongue or the heart. We extend line and lure, but we do so in love, a love that rightly knows no bounds.
The prophets of the distant past and the prophets of modern days call to us. "Lay down your burden by the riverside, and study war no more." Put aside hatred. Cease warring. And reach out to all not with bad news but with good. Whatever the cost. Amen.


Casualty insurers are facing a more difficult claims settlement environment as the number of claims with questionable factors is increasing. The National Insurance Crime Bureau is reporting that 2012 saw an increase of 26% in questionable claims. "Suspicious theft/loss (not vehicle)" had the highest increase in volume to 10,680 in 2012 from 7,152 reached in 2011. In 2012, the top five states generating the most questionable claims were: California (21,935), Florida (10,693), Texas (10,368), New York (9,059) and Maryland (4,296).
Our property title search report analysis has seen an increase in the percentage of subject properties with liens, judgments, or other distress factors. This may be leading to insureds creating claims or inflating legitimate claims. We are also discovering that properties with claims submitted are turning out to be not the parcel actually insured on the policy, once the legal description is identified.
In the video which follows there are some suggestions on defending settlements from frivolous claims from private adjusters.


text:
UPDATE: Smollett "potential persons of interest" went to Lakeview HS; More…
UPDATE 2:25AM: A photo from 2015 (above) has emerged, showing Empire creator Lee Daniels (center) posing with one of the "potential persons of interest" (right) who is in police custody for questioning. So far, no one has been charged with any crime.
Two Chicago brothers who attended Lakeview High School are "potential persons of interest" in the purported hate crime attack against Empire TV star Jussie Smollett in Streeterville early on Jan. 29. The two were detained by Chicago police at O'Hare airport on Wednesday evening as they returned from a trip to Nigeria, according to police department sources. CWBChicago is not identifying the men because they have not been charged with any crime.
Here is the latest:
• At least one of the men has appeared as an extra on Smollett's show, Empire, which airs on Fox. The older brother has a YouTube channel featuring three audition reels. In one reel, he performs the part of a man who has received the finger of a loved one in the mail from kidnappers.
• The younger brother's YouTube channel also has various audition reels, including two mock police interrogations that were uploaded less than two weeks before Smollett's alleged attack.
• CBSChicago reports that an attorney representing the brothers "expects" charges to be filed against them "before 5:45 p.m. Friday" when the typical 48-hour window of opportunity for prosecutors to either prosecute or release an individual will expire.
• The men, who are African-American, shared a residence in Lakeview about three blocks from Mayor Rahm Emanuel's home as recently as one year ago. One of the brothers also lists a home on the South Side. The brothers are listed as co-owners of a now-defunct party store in the Irving Park neighborhood.
One page of the search warrant receipt issued by police. | Provided
• At 8:47 p.m. on Wednesday, police executed a search warrant at the brothers' North Side home, seizing electronics, bleach, a red hat, clothing, and more. The search warrant receipt states that police retrieved proof that both men live in the raided apartment. CWB could not immediately confirm that the raid was at the brother's listed address near the intersection of Ashland Avenue and Belle Plaine Avenue.
• The brother who appeared on Empire has no adult arrests in Chicago since 2014, but the Chicago Tribune reports that he was charged with attempted murder in Cook County in 2011 but later pleaded guilty to aggravated battery. His brother was charged with DUI near their home in 2015 at the age of 21, but he has no other adult arrests in the city since 2014, CPD records show. The outcome of the DUI case was not immediately available.
• A Chicago police spokesperson denied a media report that the two persons of interest worked with Smollett to stage the attack because Smollett's character was about to be written out of the TV show. A studio executive also denied that Smollett's role was being axed.
• The brothers flew to Nigeria several hours after Smollett reported being attacked, according to reporting by CBS2Chicago. They were arrested as they returned via O'Hare last night. Their attorney told the station that they have no idea why they are considered to be of interest in the matter.
As CWBChicago previously reported:
Smollett said in an interview aired on Good Morning America today that he believed the two persons of interest seen in the CPD images were the persons who attacked him. "I don't have any doubt in my mind that that's them. Never did."
TMZ also reported that police used "rideshare and/or taxicab records" to identify the "persons of interest" and to track their movements on the night of the purported attack and said the persons being questioned are believed to be the same persons seen in a surveillance image released by police days after the attack.
Given the developments in the case today, CWBChicago is sharing the following tip that we received over a week ago. Parallels being revealed today lend credibility to some of the source's information.
If the source's information turns out to be reasonably accurate, it will mean that Chicago police have known the identities of the persons of interest and believed the case to be staged for over a week.
Contacted for comment on details of the tip, Chicago Police Department chief spokesperson Anthony Guglielmi this afternoon said, "Can't confirm anything. We have active interviews underway."
Smollett this week turned over "heavily redacted" phone records from the night of the alleged attack. Guglielmi said the submitted documents did not meet the burden of a criminal investigation. Investigators already received Smollett's complete phone records via a subpoena served on his service provider, according to a source close quoted by CWBChicago on Feb. 4.
A source familiar with the records provided by the Empire star states that Smollett downloaded his phone activity into a spreadsheet and then deleted certain phone calls before handing over the records. "He did the [detectives'] job for them because then they only had to focus on the numbers he deleted."
Earlier coverage
• "Empire" TV star claims racist, anti-gay attack in Streeterville
• UPDATE: TV star told cops to turn off their body cameras before taking his hate crime report…
• Smollett neighbor: "I believe him…there are lots of robberies down there" (VIDEO)
• Smollett case update: "Threat letter" mailed from SW suburbs; "persons of interest" pix released to appease "downtown"; more
• Smollett, two others in "active interviews" with Chicago police; Evidence of police "slow play" emerging
Will you help us recover the costs of operating CWBChicago? You can make a contribution or purchase a subscription HERE.
Lakeview High student charged with killing man during December carjacking


For people who aren't able to either buy or borrow these books, some of the authors have YouTube videos which contain similar information.
An excerpt....All you have to do is spend a few minutes on SurvivingAntidepressants.org, BeyondMeds.com, or SSRIstories.org to appreciate that we have created a monster. Millions of men, women and children the world over are suffering side effects, including complicated withdrawal routinely dismissed by their prescribing clinicians. Contrary to what Big Pharma would have you believe, weaning off antidepressants is extremely difficult, so choosing to take them could be signing up for a lifetime of medication use that creates and sustains abnormal states in the brain and entire nervous system. As a clinician who once believed in these medications, I have been humbled by what they are capable of. In fact, even when I have tapered women off of Celexa at extremely low increments of .001mg a month, it can be hard to imagine another class of substances on Earth so potentially complicated to discontinue.
I think I need to stop reading these articles.
I'm genuinely worried and scared I'll never recover completely from the long term effects of being on these for 30 odd years.
I don't remember ever feeling this way before after coming off them the few other times I tried.
If you have experienced improvement thus far, which it seems like you have, then you are likely to experience further improvement, according to what I've read by other heroes (aside from Kelly Brogan) and based on many, many people's experiences. Keep the faith! And yes, be careful what you read.
Thank you. Yes some days it's hard to believe or keep the faith but we just have to keep pushing forward because there's definately no going back!!
Can you expand on what you mean about Kelly Brogan please?
Kelly Brogan is one of the few medical doctors brave enough to speak out against psych drugs.
Ah no worries. Thank you.


Our merchandise are commonly identified and dependable by end users and will meet continually altering financial and social desires for Led Road Lamp , Led Flood Lamp , Led Bay Lamp , We warmly welcome your participation dependant on mutual added benefits within the close to upcoming.
We've been ready to share our knowledge of internet marketing worldwide and recommend you suitable products at most competitive price ranges. So Profi Tools give you best value of money and we've been ready to create with each other with Led Road Lamp , Led Flood Lamp , Led Bay Lamp , Our staffs are adhering to the "Integrity-based and Interactive Development" spirit and the tenet of "First-class Quality with Excellent Service". According to the needs of every customer we provide customized personalized services to help customers achieve their goals successfully. Welcome clients from home and abroad to call and inquire!


text:
Q: wordpress post loop in javascript How can I put WordPress post loop Codes in javascript?
function top_news() {
echo '

';
$query = get_posts(array(
    'showposts' => 3,
    'type' => 'topnews'
));
foreach ($query as $news) :
    the_post($news);
endforeach;
?>
<?php

}

A: <?php
    ob_start();
    query_posts(array('post_type' => 'topnews'));

    while (have_posts()) : the_post(); ?>
        {
            // the_title() can use a false to return the value for use with strip_tags (apparently)
            'title'         : '<?php echo stripslashes(the_title(false)); ?>',
            // Where is this $desc coming from?

            'button_list'   : [
                { 'title':'Demo', 'url' : 'http://bonchen.net/' },
                { 'title':'Download', 'url':'http://porfolio.bonchen.net/'}
            ],
            'tags'          : ['Portrait']
        }, <?php
    endwhile;
    $data   =   ob_get_contents();
    ob_end_clean();
?>


text:
O Willem II Stadion é um estádio de futebol localizado em Goirleseweg 34, Tilburgo, na parte sul dos Países Baixos, o estádio foi inaugurado o 31 de maio de 1995. O estádio é sede da equipa da cidade de Tilburgo o Willem II que jogo na Eredivisie.

Koning Willem II
Koning Willem II

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Welcome to LV Cars Luxury Rentals, Your Las Vegas Rental.
Our clients have high expectations for their vehicles, and equally high expectations about the rentals and the professionals who serve them. LV Cars Luxury Rentals is widely recognized to be among the best in quality, reliability, value and customer satisfaction in both sales and service.


If you use WinXP and have Edit() invoking your favorite text editor, please share how you did it. I can't figure it out: neither the manual nor kind guidance from the support staff have panned out. Specifically, what files did you change and what exactly did you type.


text:
Celiku, O., Tandle, A., Chung, J. - Y., Hewitt, S. M., Camphausen, K., & Shankavaram, U. (2017). Computational analysis of the mesenchymal signature landscape in gliomas. BMC Med Genomics, 10(1), 13.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and mimicking processes, contribute to cancer invasion and metastasis, and are known to be responsible for resistance to various therapeutic agents in many cancers. While a number of studies have proposed molecular signatures that characterize the spectrum of such transition, more work is needed to understand how the mesenchymal signature (MS) is regulated in non-epithelial cancers like gliomas, to identify markers with the most prognostic significance, and potential for therapeutic targeting. RESULTS: Computational analysis of 275 glioma samples from "The Cancer Genome Atlas" was used to identify the regulatory changes between low grade gliomas with little expression of MS, and high grade glioblastomas with high expression of MS. TF (transcription factor)-gene regulatory networks were constructed for each of the cohorts, and 5 major pathways and 118 transcription factors were identified as involved in the differential regulation of the networks. The most significant pathway – Extracellular matrix organization – was further analyzed for prognostic relevance. A 20-gene signature was identified as having prognostic significance (HR (hazard ratio) 3.2, 95% CI (confidence interval) = 1.53-8.33), after controlling for known prognostic factors (age, and glioma grade). The signature's significance was validated in an independent data set. The putative stem cell marker CD44 was biologically validated in glioma cell lines and brain tissue samples. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the differences between low grade gliomas and high grade glioblastoma are associated with differential expression of the signature genes, raising the possibility that targeting these genes might prolong survival in glioma patients.
Keywords: Cd44; Computational modeling; Epithelial to mesenchymal transition; Glioma
http://demo.refbase.net/show.php?record=96602
Jensen, S. S., Petterson, S. A., Halle, B., Aaberg-Jessen, C., & Kristensen, B. W. (2017). Effects of the lysosomal destabilizing drug siramesine on glioblastoma in vitro and in vivo. BMC Cancer, 17(1), 178.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma is the most frequent and most malignant brain tumor with the patients having a median survival of only 14.6 months. Although glioblastoma patients are treated with surgery, radiation and chemotherapy recurrence is inevitable. A stem-like population of radio- and chemoresistant brain tumor-initiating cells combined with the invasive properties of the tumors is believed to be critical for treatment resistance. In the present study, the aim was to investigate the effect of a novel therapeutic strategy using the lysosomotropic detergent siramesine on glioblastomas. METHODS: Standard glioma cell lines and patient-derived spheroids cultures with tumor-initiating stem-like cells were used to investigate effects of siramesine on proliferation and cell death. Responsible mechanisms were investigated by inhibitors of caspases and cathepsins. Effects of siramesine on migrating tumor cells were investigated by a flat surface migration assay and by implanting spheroids into organotypic rat brain slice cultures followed by confocal time-lapse imaging. Finally the effect of siramesine was investigated in an orthotopic mouse glioblastoma model. Results obtained in vitro and in vivo were confirmed by immunohistochemical staining of histological sections of spheroids, spheroids in brain slice cultures and tumors in mice brains. RESULTS: The results showed that siramesine killed standard glioma cell lines in vitro, and loss of acridine orange staining suggested a compromised lysosomal membrane. Co-treatment of the cell lines with inhibitors of caspases and cathepsins suggested differential involvement in cell death. Siramesine caused tumor cell death and reduced secondary spheroid formation of patient-derived spheroid cultures. In the flat surface migration model siramesine caused tumor cell death and inhibited tumor cell migration. This could not be reproduced in the organotypic three dimensional spheroid-brain slice culture model or in the mice xenograft model. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion the in vitro results obtained with tumor cells and spheroids suggest a potential of lysosomal destabilizing drugs in killing glioblastoma cells, but siramesine was without effect in the organotypic spheroid-brain slice culture model and the in vivo xenograft model.
Keywords: Brain slice cultures; Cancer stem cell; Glioblastoma; Lysosomes; Siramesine; Spheroids
Brown, D. V., Filiz, G., Daniel, P. M., Hollande, F., Dworkin, S., Amiridis, S., et al. (2017). Expression of CD133 and CD44 in glioblastoma stem cells correlates with cell proliferation, phenotype stability and intra-tumor heterogeneity. PLoS One, 12(2), e0172791.
Abstract: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a heterogeneous tumor of the brain with a poor prognosis due to recurrence and drug resistance following therapy. Genome-wide profiling has revealed the existence of distinct GBM molecular subtypes that respond differently to aggressive therapies. Despite this, molecular subtype does not predict recurrence or drug resistance and overall survival is similar across subtypes. One of the key features contributing to tumor recurrence and resistance to therapy is proposed to be an underlying subpopulation of resistant glioma stem cells (GSC). CD133 expression has been used as a marker of GSCs, however recent evidence suggests the relationship between CD133 expression, GSCs and molecular subtype is more complex than initially proposed. The expression of CD133, Olig2 and CD44 was investigated using patient derived glioma stem-like cells (PDGCs) in vitro and in vivo. Different PDGCs exhibited a characteristic equilibrium of distinct CD133+ and CD44+ subpopulations and the influence of environmental factors on the intra-tumor equilibrium of CD133+ and CD44+ cells in PDGCs was also investigated, with hypoxia inducing a CD44+ to CD133+ shift and chemo-radiotherapy inducing a CD133+ to CD44+ shift. These data suggest that surveillance and modulation of intra-tumor heterogeneity using molecular markers at initial surgery and surgery for recurrent GBM may be important for more effective management of GBM.
Keywords: AC133 Antigen/*metabolism; Animals; Antigens, CD44/*metabolism; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/metabolism; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism; Brain Neoplasms/*metabolism/pathology; Cell Proliferation; Female; Glioblastoma/*metabolism/pathology; Humans; Hypoxia; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplastic Stem Cells/*metabolism/pathology; Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism; Phenotype
Ludwig, K., & Kornblum, H. I. (2017). Molecular markers in glioma. J Neurooncol, .
Abstract: Gliomas are the most malignant and aggressive form of brain tumors, and account for the majority of brain cancer related deaths. Malignant gliomas, including glioblastoma are treated with radiation and temozolomide, with only a minor benefit in survival time. A number of advances have been made in understanding glioma biology, including the discovery of cancer stem cells, termed glioma stem cells (GSC). Some of these advances include the delineation of molecular heterogeneity both between tumors from different patients as well as within tumors from the same patient. Such research highlights the importance of identifying and validating molecular markers in glioma. This review, intended as a practical resource for both clinical and basic investigators, summarizes some of the more well-known molecular markers (MGMT, 1p/19q, IDH, EGFR, p53, PI3K, Rb, and RAF), discusses how they are identified, and what, if any, clinical relevance they may have, in addition to discussing some of the specific biology for these markers. Additionally, we discuss identification methods for studying putative GSC's (CD133, CD15, A2B5, nestin, ALDH1, proteasome activity, ABC transporters, and label-retention). While much research has been done on these markers, there is still a significant amount that we do not yet understand, which may account for some conflicting reports in the literature. Furthermore, it is unlikely that the investigator will be able to utilize one single marker to prospectively identify and isolate GSC from all, or possibly, any gliomas.
Keywords: Glioblastoma; Glioma stem cell; Molecular markers; Mutations; Pathways
Alshehri, M. M., Robbins, S. M., & Senger, D. L. (2017). The Role of Neurotrophin Signaling in Gliomagenesis: A Focus on the p75 Neurotrophin Receptor (p75NTR/CD271). Vitam Horm, 104, 367–404.
Abstract: The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR, a.k.a. CD271), a transmembrane glycoprotein and a member of the tumor necrosis family (TNF) of receptors, was originally identified as a nerve growth factor receptor in the mid-1980s. While p75NTR is recognized to have important roles during neural development, its presence in both neural and nonneural tissues clearly supports the potential to mediate a broad range of functions depending on cellular context. Using an unbiased in vivo selection paradigm for genes underlying the invasive behavior of glioma, a critical characteristic that contributes to poor clinical outcome for glioma patients, we identified p75NTR as a central regulator of glioma invasion. Herein we review the expanding role that p75NTR plays in glioma progression with an emphasis on how p75NTR may contribute to the treatment refractory nature of glioma. Based on the observation that p75NTR is expressed and functional in two critical glioma disease reservoirs, namely, the highly infiltrative cells that evade surgical resection, and the radiation- and chemotherapy-resistant brain tumor-initiating cells (also referred to as brain tumor stem cells), we propose that p75NTR and its myriad of downstream signaling effectors represent rationale therapeutic targets for this devastating disease. Lastly, we provide the provocative hypothesis that, in addition to the well-documented cell autonomous signaling functions, the neurotrophins, and their respective receptors, contribute in a cell nonautonomous manner to drive the complex cellular and molecular composition of the brain tumor microenvironment, an environment that fuels tumorigenesis.
Keywords: Brain tumor; Cd271; Cancer stem cells; Glioblastoma; Glioma invasion; Nerve growth factor; Neurotrophin; p75(NTR)