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MIIEGO and Volvo in International Collaboration
NEW AUDIO COLLABORATION BETWEEN MIIEGO AND VOLVO
Swedish VOLVO has entered into a collaboration with the Danish audio brand MIIEGO, which specializes in wireless sound for activity and movement.
At MIIEGO, we are proud to introduce these special VOLVO editions of our award-winning BOOM ANC by MIIEGO® wireless headphones with active noise reduction and our small and compact wireless speaker: AXTIVE MINI by MIIEGO®.
UNIQUE VOLVO SOUND NOTIFICATIONS
The products are both launched in an exclusive black colour with a matte rubber finish. The products have the same VOLVO sounds that are used in VOLVO cars. This means that you will receive a VOLVO sound notification when you receive an incoming call, an email, SMS, and whenever else you operate and use the products.
EXCITING TIMES AHEAD…
"We have worked closely with the VOLVO team on this launch project for the past two years, and we are very much looking forward to the products finally being presented and launched internationally," says MIIEGO's CEO and founder Christian Jeppesen.
"It is always exciting to collaborate across brands, and we are proud that VOLVO has chosen us as their audio partner and supplier of these two premium audio products. The manner in which VOLVO presents and markets these new products looks very promising and exciting, and we look forward to a continued close and positive collaboration," he adds.
The VOLVO+MIIEGO products will be made available in Europe and North America, and they are distributed internationally by VOLVO Merchandise.
The products are currently available from VOLVO's online shop:
https://shop.volvogroup.com/en/page/215/miiego


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Sheppard Mullin Expands National Government Contracts Practice
Sheppard, Mullin, Richter & Hampton is proud to announce that John W. Chierichella, Louis D. Victorino, Douglas E. Perry, Anne B. Perry and Jonathan S. Aronie have joined the Firm's Government Contracts and Regulated Industries Practice Group, in Washington, DC. The Washington, DC office has grown to 23 attorneys and offers expertise in corporate, finance, litigation, government contracts, antitrust, and real estate.
The new group, which practiced together for more than a decade at New York-based Fried Frank, brings to bear, collectively, a century of experience in the practice of government contracts law and related litigation. Their practice serves a wide range of clients, including Fortune 500 companies operating in the aerospace, shipbuilding, and other strategic defense and energy-related spheres; emerging technology companies and international concerns seeking to enter or expand their role in the federal marketplaces; and companies that sell, or seek to sell, commercial products and services under the auspices of the General Services Administration's Multiple Award Schedule Contract Program.
The group's area of practice includes counseling and litigation, both classified and unclassified in nature, with respect to contested contract awards; federal cost accounting; defective pricing; internal investigations and compliance reviews; False Claims Act litigation; claims and appeals; rights in patents, technical data and computer software; teaming agreements; subcontract disputes; export controls; multiple award schedules; and due diligence reviews in support of corporate transactions involving federal contractors.
Guy Halgren, Chairman of the Firm's Executive Committee, said, "One of our main goals for our Washington, D.C. office was the establishment of a premiere government contracts practice to better serve our government contracts clients on a national basis. With the addition of this world-class group, we offer first-class government contracts representation from coast to coast." Added Bob Magielnicki, Administrative Partner in the Washington, DC office, "The ability to provide our clients with the high-caliber government contracts and litigation experience and expertise of this outstanding group of attorneys will be of tremendous benefit. The group's presence enhances the Washington office and will contribute significantly to our continuing expansion in DC."
Commented Chierichella, "We are very excited at the prospect of merging our practice with that of Sheppard Mullin. Quite apart from the obvious enhancement of our ability to bring greater resources to bear in a more economical fashion to support clients on both coasts, we believe the inter-practice synergies will be extraordinary. Our ability to continue our group practice in this setting is powerfully attractive to all of us."
Joe Coyne, also a leading government contracts attorney and Executive Committee member focused on the Firm's strategic growth, added, "Like the transcontinental railroad of yesteryear, we are pleased to link these two strong bi-coastal practices into one. We now have strong government contracts assets available on both coasts to our national clients. This association continues the Firm's ongoing effort to attract strong and complementary practice groups that can help us better serve our clients."
John W. Chierichella, joining the Firm as partner, brings to Sheppard Mullin over 30 years of experience in government contracts matters. Chierichella received his law degree from Columbia University Law School in 1972, where he was a James Kent Scholar, a Harlan Fiske Stone Scholar and a member of the Law Review (Notes and Comments Editor), and his undergraduate degree from Cornell University in 1969. He is admitted to practice in the District of Columbia, California and New York. Early in his career, Chierichella served as an attorney/advisor to the Secretary, Office of the General Counsel, Department of the Air Force, in the area of procurement law. In addition to being a member of the American Bar Association's Sections of Public Contract Law, Administrative Law and Regulatory Practice (for which he chairs the Public Contracts Committee), and Litigation, Chierichella is a member of the National Defense Industrial Association, and on the Advisory Board of the Government Contractor. He is a prolific writer and lecturer on a variety of topics relating to the federal procurement process, and, with Jonathan Aronie, co-authored the leading treatment of Multiple Award Schedule contracting, which was published last year.
Louis D. Victorino, joining the Firm as special counsel, has specialized in public contract law for over 30 years. He received his law degree from UCLA School of Law 1n 1970, where he was an Editor of the Law Review, and his undergraduate degree from Stanford University in 1967. He is admitted to practice in the District of Columbia and California. He is a member of the Public Contract Law Section of the American Bar Association, and the Federal Bar Association, as well as former member of the Board of Editors of the Public Contract Law Journal, and the Advisory Board of The Government Contractor. Victorino has authored books and articles, as well as lectured on topics relating to intellectual property rights under government contracts, federal audits, Civil False Claims Act, and teaming agreements.
Douglas E. Perry, joining the Firm as partner, received his law degree from Cornell University Law School in 1988, and his undergraduate degree, magna cum laude, from Kenyon College in 1985. He is admitted to practice in the District of Columbia and Pennsylvania. He is a member of the Public Contract Law Section of the American Bar Association. He has written a number of articles and lectured frequently on the federal procurement process.
Anne B. Perry, joining the Firm as partner, received her law degree, with honors, from the National Law Center of George Washington University in 1989, and her undergraduate degree from Dickinson College in 1986. She is admitted to practice in the District of Columbia and Pennsylvania. Perry is a frequent lecturer and author in government contracts law. Early in her career, Perry worked as an attorney/advisor at the U.S. General Accounting Office.
Jonathan S. Aronie, joining the Firm as partner, received his law degree from Duke University School of Law in 1993, where he served as a law clerk with the United States Attorney's Office, Eastern District of North Carolina. He received his undergraduate degree, with honors, from Brandeis University in 1990. He is admitted to practice in the District of Columbia and Maryland. Aronie has authored more than 30 articles focusing on a range of legal topics and co-authored a book with Chierichella, on Multiple Award Schedule contracting. He is a frequent lecturer on the federal procurement process and writer of a column for Federal Computer Week. He also serves under former Department of Justice Inspector General Michael Bromwich as the Deputy Independent Monitor for the Metropolitan Police Department.
Sheppard Mullin has more than 380 attorneys among its eight offices in Washington, D.C., Los Angeles, San Francisco, Orange County, San Diego, Santa Barbara, West Los Angeles, and Del Mar Heights. The full-service firm provides counsel in Antitrust and Trade Regulation; White Collar and Civil Fraud Defense; Business Litigation; Construction, Environmental, Real Estate and Land Use Litigation; Corporate; Entertainment and Media; Finance and Bankruptcy; Financial Institutions; Government Contracts and Regulated Industries; Healthcare; Intellectual Property; Labor and Employment; Real Estate, Land Use, Natural Resources and Environment; and Tax, Employee Benefits, Trusts and Estates. The Firm celebrated its 75th anniversary in 2002.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Tag Archives: new books
New Books: Sleeping Sickness, Nutrition, Ovariotomy and Influenza
These fascinating volumes are just a few of the newest additions to the library! You can view the full range on our LibraryThing page, or book an appointment and take a look at our New Books Display in person.
The Lomidine files: The untold story of a medical disaster in colonial Africa by Guillaume Lachenal. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2017.
Proteins, pathologies and politics: dietary innovation and disease from the nineteenth century by David Gentilcore & Matthew Smith (eds.). London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2018.
Belly-rippers, surgical innovation and the ovariotomy controversy by Sally Frampton.
Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan, 2018.
Influenza : the hundred year hunt to cure the deadliest disease in history by Jeremy Brown.
New York: Touchstone, 2018.
This entry was posted in Collections and tagged collections, new books on 19 March 2019 by matkinson.
New Books in October 2018
A quick round-up of the excellent new books we received last month, including an uplifting perspective on early modern health, and the story of 18th-century bowels!
Rebecca Anne Barr, Sylvie Kleiman-Lafon & Sophie Vasset (eds.), Bellies, Bowels and Entrails in the Eighteenth Century (Manchester University Press: 2018)
Suman Seth, Difference and Disease: Medicine, Race, and the Eighteenth-Century British Empire (Cambridge University Press, 2018)
Hannah Newton, Misery to Mirth: Recovery from Illness in Early Modern England (Oxford University Press, 2018)
Hugh Cagle, Assembling the Tropics: Science and Medicine in Portugal's Empire, 1450-1700 (Cambridge University Press, 2018)
You can find all of these books on our New Books Display in Room 1 of the Library. For regular updates of our new books, do visit our LibraryThing page!
This entry was posted in Collections and tagged new books on 9 November 2018 by matkinson.
New Books: Medical Students and Left-Handers!
Our new books received in the last month include studies on medical education in Ireland, diagnostic practices in Victorian asylums, medical technology and public health in former Soviet regions, malaria in 19th-century India, and the history of left-handedness.
See our full range of new titles on LibraryThing: https://www.librarything.com/catalog/WelLibOxford/yourlibrary
Laura Kelly, Irish medical education and student culture, c.1850-1950 (Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2017)
'The first comprehensive history of medical student culture and medical education in Ireland' over this hundred-year period. Using sources including periodicals, literary works, administrative records, and first-hand written and spoken accounts, Laura Kelly looks at the academic and extra-curricular experiences of students, how these experiences shaped their identities as medical professionals, and how they were perceived within their wider communities. The book also highlights divisions of religion, class and gender within this medical sphere.
Olga Zvonareva, Evgeniya Popova & Klasien Horstman (eds.), Health, technologies, and politics in post-Soviet settings: navigating uncertainties (New York, NY: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017)
The introduction to this edited volume begins with a trend recognised by studies of science and technology; politics and healthcare mutually shape each other, and instead of bringing certainty through the solutions they offer, new medical technologies often stimulate 'the emergence of new questions and dilemmas' (p. 3). This uncertainty is multiplied when these technologies are situated in post-Soviet regions, which have their own unique political and social uncertainties. The book's approach is to encourage 'critical learning' by bringing together the disciplines of science and technology studies, and post-socialism studies. Chapters include case studies on egg donation, radiation science, and the development of new drugs.
Jennifer Wallis, Investigating the body in the Victorian asylum (New York, NY: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017)
A study which links the histories of medicine, psychiatry, science and the body, this book uncovers the common practice of late nineteenth-century doctors to seek bodily evidence for the causes and symptoms of mental illnesses, using both clinical tests on patients and postmortem dissections. Jennifer Wallis uses the West Riding Asylum in Yorkshire as her main case study. Taking an 'anatomical approach that aims to mirror contemporary processes of investigation' (p. 14), the chapters cover various body parts in turn: skin, muscle, bone, brain and fluids.
Howard I. Kushner, On the other hand : left hand, right brain, mental illness, and history (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2017)
An exploration of the 'medical and cultural history of left-handedness'. Alongside his own experiences as a left-hander, Kushner considers the relationships, medically or socially constructed, between handedness, linguistics, taboo, disability and social tolerance. Chapters include: the reasons that have been posited for left-hand preference, the ways in which different cultures measure and judge handedness, and the psychological stereotyping of left-handers as criminals or creative geniuses.
Rohan Deb Roy, Malarial subjects : empire, medicine and nonhumans in British India, 1820-1909 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017)
In this study which links the history of medicine and science with empire and postcolonial studies, Rohan Deb Roy explores 'the makings and persistence of malaria as an enduring diagnostic category' (p.3) of disease and cure. In the long nineteenth century this category was not a straightforward medical diagnosis, but linked together various illnesses, plants, insects and other malarial objects which became, in the context of imperial rule, 'objects of natural knowledge and social control'. Using British government and Bengali sources, chapters explore the growing of cinchona plants, the manufacture of quinine, and the making of the 'Burdwan Fever' epidemic.
This entry was posted in Collections and tagged collections, new books, resources on 13 March 2018 by matkinson.
New Books: January 2018
Recent arrivals at the Wellcome Unit Library: new books on surgery, syphilis, pregnancy, medical experimentation and global medicine! To consult any of our collections, contact us to arrange your visit to the library.
Keep up with all our new books via LibraryThing: https://www.librarything.com/catalog/WelLibOxford/yourlibrary
Lindsey Fitzharris, The butchering art : Joseph Lister's quest to transform the grisly world of Victorian medicine (London : Allen Lane, 2017)
'The gripping story of how Joseph Lister's antiseptic method changed medicine forever'.
Medical schools, operating theatres, hospitals, mortuaries and graveyards provide the setting for Lindsey Fitzharris's account of Lister's pioneering discoveries. Fitzharris concentrates on a quarter-century of dramatic change in the practice of surgery, from 1850-1875. Lister's work on germs and infection in this period brought together science and medicine in a world where recovery from medical operations was often a matter of luck.
Monika Pietrzak-Franger, Syphilis in victorian literature and culture : medicine, knowledge and the spectacle of Victorian invisibility (New York, NY : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017)
Described as 'the first large-scale interdisciplinary study of syphilis in late Victorian Britain', Monika Pietrzak-Franger's book explores the disease in medical, social, political and cultural contexts, reflecting on how images and discussions of syphilis played a role in constructing individual and collective identities. The study highlights the dichotomy of visibility and invisibility surrounding syphilis: as an invisible virus which could produce highly visible symptoms, a disease which was highly debated in medical circles but difficult to diagnose and treat, and a source of private shame which was publicly referenced in various mediums of literature, art and music.
Mark Jackson (ed.), A global history of medicine (New York: Oxford University Press, 2018)
This book features chapters by specialists on the history of medicine in China, the Islamic World, North and Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, Western and Eastern Europe, and Australia and New Zealand, with starting and ending chapters framing the discussion. To begin, Mark Jackson discusses a challenge faced by historians of medicine: the need to take a global perspective whilst adequately considering the impact of specific local and temporal conditions. In the final chapter Sanjoy Bhattacharya takes smallpox as a case study for the way these two dimensions should be integrated, arguing against 'constrained global histories' (p.257) which concentrate on powerful official health campaigns and assume worldwide trends but neglect the nuance of regional and local voices.
Jenifer Buckley, Gender, pregnancy and power in eighteenth-century literature: The Maternal Imagination (New York: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017)
Looking at medical writings, plays, poetry, novels and popular pamphlets, Jenifer Buckley explores the trope of 'maternal imagination' in the eighteenth century: the belief that a pregnant woman could use their mind to influence the development of their unborn child. Beginning with the fascinating case of Mary Toft, a woman who claimed to have metamorphosed her unborn baby into a rabbit, Buckley traces the ways in which maternity was viewed as performance in this period. For authors, the idea of maternal imagination linked to debates about gender, power and the interaction between mind and body, and pregnant women became a stage on which these concerns could be addressed.
Deirdre Benia Cooper Owens, Medical bondage : race, gender, and the origins of American gynecology (Athens : The University of Georgia Press, [2017])
This new study looks at how the discoveries of nineteenth-century gynaecologists such as John Peter Mettauer, James Marion Sims and Nathan Bozeman were informed by medical experimentation on enslaved black women and Irish immigrant women. Deirdre Benia Cooper Owens tells the stories of these women using a variety of sources including medical journals, oral history interviews, newspapers and hospital records. Cooper Owens looks specifically at the destructive 'medical fictions' created to justify exploitation, such as the theory that enslaved black women were more resistant to pain than white women, and more broadly at the ways slavery, medicine and science were intertwined, and how American ideas about race, gender and bodies in this period influenced medical practice.
This entry was posted in Collections and tagged collections, history of medicine, new books on 8 February 2018 by matkinson.
New books in the Wellcome Unit Library
We have some new books in the library this month on a wide variety of topic. You can check out our latest acquisitions on LibraryThing or come into the Library and browse of new books display in Library Room 1. To arrange an appointment to visit the Library, please contact us.
Books that have arrived this month include:
Spitting Blood: the History of Tuberculosis by Helen Bynum (OUP, 2012)
WEL shelfmark RC309.A1 BYN 2012
Bynum's book spans from the ancient world to the continued struggle to combat tuberculosis today. Richard Evans gives a positive review of Spitting Blood in Times Higher Education. Chapter 1 is available to read online as a PDF on the OUP website.
Other related books in the Wellcome:
Experiment Eleven: Deceit and Betrayal in the Discovery of the Cure for Tuberculosis by Peter Pringle RM666.S573 PRI 2012
Disease, Class and Social Change: Tuberculosis in Folkestone and Sandgate, 1880-1930 by Marc Arnold RA644.T7 ARN 2012
Tuberculosis and the Victorian Literary Imagination by Katherine Byrne PR149.T83 B97 BYR 2011
Rabid: A Cultural History of the World's Most Diabolical Virus by Bill Wasik and Monica Murphy (Viking, 2012)
WEL shelfmark RC148 WAS 2012
Like Bynum, Wasik and Murphy track the history of rabies from early Mesopotamia through to the 21st century. Written by a journalist and a veterinarian, this is a very accessible text, but nonetheless goes beyond gory stories and lists a wide variety of academic sources in its bibliography.
Read a review and listen to a podast interview with the authors on NPR.
Other related books in the Wellcome
Mad Dogs and Englishmed by Neil Pemberton and Michael Worboys RA644.R3 PEM 2007
Mad dogs and Meerkats by Karen Brown RA644.R3 BRO 2011
Health, Medicine and the Sea: Australian Voyages c.1815-1860 by Katherine Foxhall (Manchester University Press, 2012)
WEL shelfmark HV8950.A8 FOX 2012
Katherine Foxhall's book traces the journeys of travellers from Britain to Austrialia, using their journey as the structure for her text. She also discusses the health of convicts. Examples of individuals are used to highlight her text. Foxhall examines how the changing environment on the journey to Austrialia affects conceptions of health.
Related books in the Wellcome:
Health and Medicine at Sea 1700-1900 by David Haycock and Sally Archer RC986 HEA 2009
Doctors at Sear: Emigrant Voyages to Colonia Australia by Robin Haines RA553 HAI 2005
The Great Manchurian Plague of 1910-1911: the Geopolitics of an Epidemic Disease by William Summers (Yale University Press, 2012)
WEL shelfmark RC178.C6 SUM 2012
Returning to the realm of infectious diseases, Summers' book focuses on political and economic aspects of the plague, which involved Chinese, Japanese, Russian and powers.
Related book in the Wellcome:
Health and Hygiene in Chinese East Asia: Politics and Publics in the Long Twentieth Century by Qizi Liang and Charlotte Furth RA527 HEA 2010
Related Links Search SOLO Library Catalogue | See our latest acquisitions on LibraryThing | Recommend a book for us to buy | Contact Us
This entry was posted in Collections, News and tagged new books on 4 February 2013 by .
We have added some new titles to our book display in Library Room 1. You can keep up to date with all our new acquisitions on LibraryThing or subscribe to our new books RSS feed.
Contagions: how commerce has spread disease
by Mark Harrison (Yale, 2012)
WEL shelfmark: RA651 HAR 2012
Written by the director of the Wellcome Unit for the History of Medicine at the University of Oxford, Professor Mark Harrison, this books examines the relationship between disease and the social, political and economic effects of commerce.
Online review by Andy Tatem in Nature
View copies in Oxford in SOLO library catalogue
Preview on GoogleBooks
The Deepest Sense: A Cultural History of Touch
by Contance Classen (University of Illinois Press, 2012)
WEL shelfmark: GN279.T68 CLA 2012
Dr Classen's latest volume on the senses examines the history of the sense of touch from the medieval to the modern period. The author's previous works (also available in the Bodleian Libraries) include The Book of Touch (2005) and Aroma: the cultural history of smell (1994)
View contents summary and table of contents on University of Illinois Press website
Centre for Sensory History website
Doctor Do-Good: Charles Duguid and Aboriginal Advancement, 1930s-1970s
by Rani Kerin (Australian Scholarly Publishing, 2011)
WEL shelfmark: GN666 KER 2011
Dr Charles Duguid was a Scottish doctor who moved to Austrialia and campaigned for the civil rights of Austrialian Aborigines. This book is based on Dr Kerin's PhD thesis on Dr Duguid.
More about Dr Charles Duguid in the Austrialian National Biography
Online archive record (including image gallery) about Charles Duguid from the South Austrialiam Museum
Duelling Surgeon, Colonial Patriot: The Remarkable Life of William Bland
by Robert Lehane (Austrialian Scholarly Publishing, 2011)
WEL shelfmark: DU172.B47 LEH 2011
William Bland was a London-born surgeon who was sent to Australia as a prisoner after a duel. He was actively involved in many aspect of Austrialiam society, including legislative development, the founding of eductional and medical institutions and a doctor and surgeon who published in various medical journals.
More about William Bland in the Australian National Bibliography
Related Links Contact Us | Recent Acquisitions on LibraryThing | Search for books on SOLO
This entry was posted in Collections, News and tagged new books, surgery, WUHMO on 27 November 2012 by .
New History of Medicine journal subscription
Histoire, Medecine et Sante
The Bodleian Libraries have subscribed to a new French History of Medicine journal entitled: Histoire, Medecine et Sante. The peer-reviewed journal, which is from the University of Toulouse II, will be published twice a year and include research articles, discussion of sources and historiography and reviews in English and French. Article summaries are provided in French and English at the end of the issue.
Pudeurs
The topic of the first issue is "pudeurs" which translates as modesty in English. Articles include Anne Carol on medical cadavers and Elsa Nicol on women with cancer in the 19th century. There is also a book review of Morbid Curiosities : Medical Museums in Nineteenth-Century Britain (OUP, 2011), which is available to consult in the Wellcome Unit Library and the Bodleian Library's Gladstone Link, as well as electronically as an ebook.
Available to consult
The first issue is now available to request from the Bodleian Stacks via SOLO for members of the Bodleian Libraries. The requested volume can be consulted in the Bodleian Libraries Reading Room of your choice. A full list of contents is available on the Historiens de la sante blog.
SOLO | Bodleian Library | Historiens de la sante blog | HMS journal webpage
This entry was posted in Collections, Electronic resources, News, Services and tagged journals, new books on 18 September 2012 by .
The Neurological Patient in History
A few weeks ago we received a copy of Jacyna and Casper's new book The Neurological Patient in History. One the of the Wellcome Unit members, Lynsey Shaw, has reviewed the book for Reviews in History. Lynsey is a Wellcome Trust funded doctoral student, studying administrative and therapeutic practices of the Royal Air Force neuropsychiatric branch during the Second World War.
Lynsey gives a positive review of The Neurological Patient in History, concluding that it
…is a valuable and welcome addition to the historiography. It not only places the neurological patient firmly in the spotlight, it also encourages readers to re-examine the patient using fresh and thought-provoking lines of enquiry.
The book is nestling on our rather full shelves in Library Room 2 at shelfmark RC338 NEU 2012.
Related links: SOLO library catalogue | Wellcome Unit Library contact page
This entry was posted in Collections, News and tagged #newbooks, new books on 23 August 2012 by .
New books and a new member of staff in the library
Natalie in Library Room 1
This week we have news books and a lovely new member of staff. Natalie is working here for the summer, while our regular staff member Bethan is away. Natalie is currently a graduate trainee and works at the Oxford University History Faculty Library. She is an expert at using our online library catalogue SOLO and accessing e-resources through OxLIP+.
We also have some more new books.
Physick and the family: health, medicine and care in Wales, 1600-1750 by Alun Withey (Manchester University Press, 2011) RC498.2 WIT 2011
One of the Wellcome Unit Library's favourite bloggers (dralun.wordpress.com/), Dr Withey's book uses primary sources to examine how medical knowledge was disseminated in early modern Britain orally and in print and how the sick were cared for in their homes and communities. Reviewed in Social History of Medicine 25(3).
Desperate Housewives, Neuroses and the Domestic Environment 1945-1970 by Ali Haggett (Pickering and Chatto, 2012) HQ1075 HAG 2012
This book is part of the Studies for the Society for the Social History of Medicine series. Haggett's aims to 'explore the various aspects of the dometic role in more depth, in order to provide a more nuanced appraisal of women's experience' (p.12). Chapters examine mid-twentieth century medical understandings of affective disorders, personal accounts of anxiety and depression and representations of anxiety and depression in the medical and popular press.
Pickering and Chatto offer some sample pages for free on their website.
Slavery, Disease, and Suffering in the Southern Low Country by Peter McCandless (CUP, 2011) RA418.3.U6 MCC 2011
McCandless explores diseases in the region of Carolina, the 'wealthiest and unhealthiest' region in North America. An excerpt is available online on the CUP website. Reviewed in the Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 67(2).
An Introduction to the Social History of Medicine: Europe Since 1500 by Keir Waddington (Palgrave Macmillan, 2011) R484 WAD 2011
This is a comprehensive single volume work covering a wide variety of topics including nursing, surgery, medicine and religion and medicine and empire.
The Moses of Malaria by Jan Peter Verhave (Erasmus, 2011) QL757 VER 2011
This books examines the work of Nicholaas H. Swellengrebel (1885-1970), who was a biologist that specialised in the study of malaria. Verhave highlights how Swellengrebel's approach bridge the debates between those who wanted to control mosquitoes and those who wanted to eradicate them. Reviewed in the Bulletin of the History of Medicine 86(1).
Related links: Wellcome Unit Library's Library Thing | SOLO
This entry was posted in Collections, News, Services and tagged new books on 1 August 2012 by .
More new books in the library Vietnamese medicine, plague and tuberculosis
We have another bunch of exciting new books in the library this week.
You can subscribe to our LibraryThing list to get alerts when new books arrive in the Wellcome Unit Library.
New titles include:
Southern Medicine for Southern People: Vietnamese Medicine in the making by Laurence Monnais (Cambridge Scholars, 2012) R644.V52 SOU 2012
This is an edited volume that developed from the 2006 conference on the History of Medicine in Southeast Asia. Chapters include Ayo Wahlberg's discussion of 'Family Secrets and the Industrialisation of Herbal Medicine in Postcolonial Vietnam' and editor Laurence Monnais' 'Traditional, Complementary and Perhaps Scientific? Professional Views of Vietnamese Medicine in the Age of French Colonialism.
The publishers have made a sample PDF available online.
Plague, Fear and Politics in San Francisco's Chinatown by Guenter Risse (Johns Hopkins University, 2012) RC176.C2 RIS 2012
Risse's examines the social aspects of bubonic plague outbreak in the early 1900s San Francisco. It considers the social conflicts between public health officials and the inhabitants of the city's Chinatown area. Risse's other books, Hospital Life in Enlightenment Scotland and Mending Bodies Saving Souls: a history of hospitals are also available in the library.
Tuberculosis and the Victorian Literary Imagination by Katherine Byrne (CUP, 2011) PR149.T83 B97 BYR 2011
Dr Byrne uses examples from Victorian literature, including Dickens' Dombey and Sons and Bram Stoker's Dracula to conside the cultural associations made with tuberculosis in the 19th century.
A comprehensive review of the book is available on the British Society for Literature and Science website and a PDF excerpt is available online from CUP.
Related links: Wellcome Unit Library Recent Acquisitions page | LibraryThing
This entry was posted in Collections, News and tagged #newbooks, new books on 18 July 2012 by .


The narrator of Yannick Haenel's "Hold Fast Your Crown" is obsessed with finding a director for his movie about Herman Melville.
20th Century Fox has reportedly hired The Conjuring writers to rewrite the script for Die Hard 6.
The Tracking Board reports Chad and Carey Hayes, who wrote both The Conjuring movies, will work on the screenplay for the next Die Hard entry. Earlier reports suggested the film will be an origin story featuring a young John McClane as a regular cop in 1970s New York.
Bruce Willis' older version of the character reportedly still would feature somewhere as a bookend to the prequel story, with the film also moving between past and present, according to The Tracking Board's report. No word yet on who might portray the younger John McClane or when Die Hard 6 might hit theaters.
Tony Warren tried writing a different northern soap opera before creating Corrie.
Another item to add to the growing Fyre Festival debacle.
Madonna says a planned film of her life is "all lies" – so we read the script to see if she's right.
You've probably heard that The CW's beloved series "The Vampire Diaries" is coming to an end next month.
We recently learned former cast member Nina Dobrev is returning to the show, and read her second emotional goodbye to the cast and crew on Instagram. Now, it's Paul Wesley who's making us tear up.
In an interview with Entertainment Weekly, Wesley confessed that he cried when he first read the finale script, and he even sent a teary-eyed selfie to the creators of the show. "I wanted them to see that Paul Wesley could actually formulate tears in his personal life and not just on screen," the actor said.
Unfortunately for us, that selfie is private and will probably never surface to the public. But the thought of Wesley crying in real life is enough for us.
"It's this very interesting melancholy," he explained of saying goodbye to his character, Stefan Salvatore.
As for his thoughts on how the show concludes?
The Uncharted movie was first announced in 2009. After nearly 8 years of on-again, off-again development, Carnahan was brought on to write the script. A few months later, Stranger Things director Shawn Levy was tapped to helm the film.
Iconic British sitcom "Absolutely Fabulous" may return in 2015.
"My proper New Year's resolution is to do the film, otherwise it'll be a pointless year of procrastination," she reportedly said.
"Absolutely Fabulous," tells the story of friends Edina (Saunders) and Patsy (Joanna Lumley), a PR person and magazine editor trying to stay hip as they progress through middle age and beyond. The series aired for five seasons on BBC beginning in 1992, and returned for three special episodes released in 2011 and 2012.
In an interview with New York Magazine back in 2011, Saunders commented on rumors of an upcoming film.


Actually, it's Silent Disco. Where partygoers listen to music not over a booming sound system, but piped directly into their heads. These headphone raves started gaining popularity overseas in Europe ten years ago. But now they've hit America, as noise ordinances have forced event planners and DJs to think outside the box, and the proliferation of wireless, noise-cancelling headphones provide the necessary tools for modern-day partying.
These silent parties have been established in popular festivals such as Burning Man and Coachella and in big cities like New York, Los Angeles and Chicago. Now, they're in Wynwood once a month, thanks to SoundOff Experience, a national events producer.
Upon arrival, guests receive a pair of special earphones which allow users to adjust the volume and choose between different styles of music with the flip of a switch. Each headset has a colored LED light that indicates which music genre is streaming — blue for top 40 and pop, red for house and EDM and green for hip-hop, R&B and Latin, so people can seek out and dance with others listening to the same tunes.
At the Wynwood Yard event, three DJs spin, but without a speaker setup. The challenge for the Silent Disco DJ is to find the right sound to bind the community under the headphones.
Inside the headphones, each dancer is alone but also part of a tribe.
But for partiers without earphones on, the effect of watching so many people shake, jump and twist in silence can feel disorienting.
Despite its inherent individualism, silent disco parties offer some unique opportunities for being social. If someone wants to chat with a friend or fellow dancer, she or he can simply lower the volume or take off the headphones. Unlike at a bar or nightclub, you don't have to shout over loud music and your ears won't ring when you leave.
But with the headsets in place, guests experience crisp clear sound no matter where they are in the venue. Whether they're dancing, sitting down or even in the bathroom, the music is played exactly how it is intended to be: in true stereo sound.
In many ways this customizable concept of partying seems perfect for a millennial generation that wants everything to be tailored to them individually and quiet clubbing's proponents think silent discos are here to stay.


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Land Use News
BlueRibbon Coalition BRC: Hearing on IDF&G Motorized Hunting Rule Monday
Thread starter BlueRibbon Coalition
Idaho Legislative Action Alert
Hearing on Idaho Department of Fish and Game Motorized Hunting Rule Monday
BRC encourages members to attend
Dear BRC members and supporters,
Rusty Faircloth from the Mountain Home ATV Club and Sandra Mitchell from the Idaho Recreation Council sent word that an important hearing is scheduled for next Monday, February 7, 2011, 1:30 pm regarding the Idaho Department of Fish and Game (IDF&G) Motorized Vehicle Hunting Rule (MVR).
BRC attempted to confirm that the hearing is indeed scheduled. That process has piqued our concern. The west wing auditorium is reserved for a meeting, but the meeting is not on the official schedule. Causing further concern is that IDF&G employees are apparently lobbying in support of the MVR.
See: Should motorized hunting be regulated?
By Mark Gamblin, Southeast Regional Supervisor, Idaho Fish and Game
http://www.pocatelloshops.com/new_blogs/politics/?p=7429
In light of all this, we are encouraging our members and supporters to attend this important meeting.
We have some information below that I strongly encourage you to read. This issue affects OHV users even if you do not hunt. The information will help you if you choose to attend.
As always, please call or email if you have any questions.
Brian Hawthorne
Public Lands Policy Director
BlueRibbon Coalition
The Idaho Legislature is taking public testimony on the Idaho Department of Fish and Game "Motorized Vehicle Hunting Rule."
A hearing is (apparently) scheduled for Monday, February 7, 2011, 1:30 pm in the auditorium located on the west end, lower level, of the Idaho State Capitol building.
WHAT YOU NEED TO DO:
Attend the meeting and let the legislature know how you feel.
The IDF&G Motorized Vehicle Hunting Rule attempts to close motorized trails on public lands to citizens who are hunting. The Rule does not apply to anyone who is not hunting. The Rule does not apply to roads. The Rule has become been extremely controversial as the US Forest Service has closed thousands of miles of roads and trails partly to provide for non-motorized hunting. The IDF&G has attempted to expand the Rule to nearly every region of the State.
Recently, Mark Gamblin, an employee of the IDF&G, openly lobbied against making changes to the IDF&G MVR in an article printed in the Idaho State Journal. The article is reprinted on the IDF&G website and on other websites as well:
Gamblin makes this rather odd statement:
The Idaho back-country is different today than only 25 years ago. Today, road and motorized trail systems reach into the most remote areas of that era, making the use of motorized vehicles (especially OHVs) a hunting tool commonly used or encountered, except where off-road motorized travel is restricted by land managers.
Gamblin has not been paying attention. Travel management plans have closed thousands of miles of roads and trails in the past 25 years. Compared to 25 years ago, motorized trail systems have been drastically reduced. Cross country travel has been all but eliminated. Motorized Vehicles may only travel on officially designated roads and trails. Motorized assisted game retrieval has been banned in almost all areas as well.
The IDF&G justifies the MVR by claiming there is a tremendous demand for hunting without ATVs and in areas without roads. In fact, there are tens of millions of acres that have been made available for "non-motorized" hunting across the state and more created every year.
There is an important point to make about who has jurisdiction over motorized recreation on public lands. Except for County roads, it is the Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management that have jurisdiction over motorized roads and trails. F&G is asserting its jurisdiction here by classifying an ATV as a "method of take." But they don't classify a horse or a mule as a "method of take."
BRC acknowledges the popularity of, and need to provide, a "non motorized hunting experience." However, such decisions are properly made via the land managing agency's planning process. In our view, IDF&G's motorized rule is an attempt to bypass that process.
The public land planning process, which allows public review and input from all interested and affected stakeholders, is the proper venue for such decisions.
By bypassing the public process, IDF&G's rule has, predictably, led to controversy. The Rule has actually created more of the conflict it sought to address. IDF&G's rule does not, and can not, ban any motorized uses by public lands visitors who are not hunting. Ergo, the "non motorized hunting experience" is not provided.
The BlueRibbon Coalition is a national recreation group that champions responsible recreation, and encourages individual environmental stewardship. With members in all 50 states, BRC is focused on building enthusiast involvement with organizational efforts through membership, outreach, education, and collaboration among recreationists. 1-800-BlueRib - www.sharetrails.org
_______________________________________________________
As a non-profit, grassroots organization funded primarily by membership dues and donations, we greatly appreciate your support. Visit http://www.sharetrails.org/make-a-difference-now to help fund our efforts to protect your trails!


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As the Valdai Club holds a meeting dedicated to Russia's relations with Asia in Jakarta, RBTH looks at when Moscow established diplomatic relations with its Asian partners.
On November 26-27, Jakarta is hosting a regional conference of the Valdai Discussion Club entitled 'What are Asia's Goals in the Asian Century?' At the conference, participants are discussing changes in the Asian geopolitical landscape, and prospects for Russia's involvement in the continent.
RBTH looks at when Moscow established diplomatic relations with its Asian partners.


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01 Why War Fails
02 What the Mighty Miss
03 The Perils of Pessimism
04 The Balance of Soft Power
05 What Makes a Power Great
06 What Money Can't Buy
07 Hierarchies of Weakness
Why War Fails
Russia's Invasion of Ukraine and the Limits of Military Power
By Lawrence Freedman
On February 27, a few days after Russia invaded Ukraine, Russian forces launched an operation to seize the Chornobaivka airfield near Kherson on the Black Sea coast. Kherson was the first Ukrainian city the Russians managed to occupy, and since it was also close to Russia's Crimean stronghold, the airfield would be important for the next stage of the offensive. But things did not go according to plan. The same day the Russians took over the airfield, Ukrainian forces began counterattacking with armed drones and soon struck the helicopters that were flying in supplies from Crimea. In early March, according to Ukrainian defense sources, Ukrainian soldiers made a devastating night raid on the airstrip, destroying a fleet of 30 Russian military helicopters. About a week later, Ukrainian forces destroyed another seven. By May 2, Ukraine had made 18 separate attacks on the airfield, which, according to Kyiv, had eliminated not only dozens of helicopters but also ammunition depots, two Russian generals, and nearly an entire Russian battalion. Yet throughout these attacks, Russian forces continued to move in equipment and materiel with helicopters. Lacking both a coherent strategy for defending the airstrip and a viable alternative base, the Russians simply stuck to their original orders, with disastrous results.
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky has described the Chornobaivka battle as a symbol of the incompetence of Russia's commanders, who were driving "their people to slaughter." In fact, there were numerous similar examples from the first weeks of the invasion. Although Ukrainian forces were consistently outgunned, they used their initiative to great advantage, as Russian forces repeated the same mistakes and failed to change their tactics. From the start, the war has provided a remarkable contrast in approaches to command. And these contrasts may go a long way toward explaining why the Russian military has so underperformed expectations.
In the weeks leading up to the February 24 invasion, Western leaders and analysts and the international press were naturally fixated on the overwhelming forces that Russian President Vladimir Putin was amassing on Ukraine's borders. As many as 190,000 Russian troops were poised to invade the country. Organized into as many as 120 battalion tactical groups, each had armor and artillery and was backed by superior air support. Few imagined that Ukrainian forces could hold out for very long against the Russian steamroller. The main question about the Russian plans was whether they included sufficient forces to occupy such a large country after the battle was won. But the estimates had failed to account for the many elements that factor into a true measure of military capabilities.
Military power is not only about a nation's armaments and the skill with which they are used. It must take into account the resources of the enemy, as well as the contributions from allies and friends, whether in the form of practical assistance or direct interventions. And although military strength is often measured in firepower, by counting inventories of arms and the size of armies, navies, and air forces, much depends on the quality of the equipment, how well it has been maintained, and on the training and motivation of the personnel using it. In any war, the ability of an economy to sustain the war effort, and the resilience of the logistical systems to ensure that supplies reach the front lines as needed, is of increasing importance as the conflict wears on. So is the degree to which a belligerent can mobilize and maintain support for its own cause, both domestically and externally, and undermine that of the enemy, tasks that require constructing compelling narratives that can rationalize setbacks as well as anticipate victories. Above all, however, military power depends on effective command. And that includes both a country's political leaders, who act as supreme commanders, and those seeking to achieve their military goals as operational commanders.
Putin's invasion of Ukraine has underscored the crucial role of command in determining ultimate military success. The raw force of arms can only do so much for a state. As Western leaders discovered in Afghanistan and Iraq, superior military hardware and firepower may enable forces to gain control of territory, but they are far less effective in the successful administration of that territory. In Ukraine, Putin has struggled even to gain control of territory, and the way that his forces have waged war has already ensured that any attempt to govern, even in Ukraine's supposedly pro-Russian east, will be met by animosity and resistance. For in launching the invasion, Putin made the familiar but catastrophic mistake of underestimating the enemy, assuming it to be weak at its core, while having excessive confidence in what his own forces could achieve.
The Fate of Nations
Commands are authoritative orders, to be obeyed without question. Military organizations require strong chains of command because they commit disciplined and purposeful violence. At times of war, commanders face the special challenge of persuading subordinates to act against their own survival instincts and overcome the normal inhibitions about murdering their fellow humans. The stakes can be extremely high. Commanders may have the fate of their countries in their hands and must be deeply aware of the potential for national humiliation should they fail as well as for national glory if they succeed.
Military command is often described as a form of leadership, and as outlined in treatises on command, the qualities sought in military leaders are often those that would be admirable in almost any setting: deep professional knowledge, the ability to use resources efficiently, good communication skills, the ability to get on with others, a sense of moral purpose and responsibility, and a willingness to care for subordinates. But the high stakes of war and the stresses of combat impose their own demands. Here, the relevant qualities include an instinct for maintaining the initiative, an aptitude for seeing complex situations clearly, a capacity for building trust, and the ability to respond nimbly to changing or unexpected conditions. The historian Barbara Tuchman identified the need for a combination of resolution—"the determination to win through"—and judgment, or the capacity to use one's experience to read situations. A commander who combines resolve with keen strategic intelligence can achieve impressive results, but resolve combined with stupidity can lead to ruin.
Not all subordinates will automatically follow commands. Sometimes orders are inappropriate, perhaps because they are based on dated and incomplete intelligence and may therefore be ignored by even the most diligent field officer. In other cases, their implementation might be possible but unwise, perhaps because there is a better way to achieve the same objectives. Faced with orders they dislike or distrust, subordinates can seek alternatives to outright disobedience. They can procrastinate, follow orders half-heartedly, or interpret them in a way that fits better with the situation that confronts them.
To avoid these tensions, however, the modern command philosophy followed in the West has increasingly sought to encourage subordinates to take the initiative to deal with the circumstances at hand; commanders trust those close to the action to make the vital decisions yet are ready to step in if events go awry. This is the approach Ukrainian forces have adopted. Russia's command philosophy is more hierarchical. In principle, Russian doctrine allows for local initiative, but the command structures in place do not encourage subordinates to risk disobeying their orders. Inflexible command systems can lead to excessive caution, a fixation on certain tactics even when they are inappropriate, and a lack of "ground truth," as subordinates dare not report problems and instead insist that all is well.
Russia's problems with command in Ukraine are less a consequence of military philosophy than of current political leadership. In autocratic systems such as Russia's, officials and officers must think twice before challenging superiors. Life is easiest when they act on the leader's wishes without question. Dictators can certainly make bold decisions on war, but these are far more likely to be based on their own ill-informed assumptions and are unlikely to have been challenged in a careful decision-making process. Dictators tend to surround themselves with like-minded advisers and to prize loyalty above competence in their senior military commanders.
From Success to Stalemate
Putin's readiness to trust his own judgment in Ukraine reflected the fact that his past decisions on the use of force had worked out well for him. The state of the Russian military in the 1990s before he took power was dire, as shown by Russian President Boris Yeltsin's 1994–96 war in Chechnya. At the end of 1994, Russian Defense Minister Pavel Grachev reassured Yeltsin that he could end Chechnya's effort to secede from the Russian Federation by moving Russian forces quickly into Grozny, the Chechen capital. The Kremlin viewed Chechnya as an artificial, gangster-infested state for which few of its citizens could be expected to sacrifice their lives, especially when confronted with the full blast of Russian military power—misguided assumptions somewhat similar to those made on a much larger scale in the current invasion of Ukraine. The Russian units included many conscripts with little training, and the Kremlin failed to appreciate how much the Chechen defenders would be able to take advantage of the urban terrain. The results were disastrous. On the first day of the attack, the Russian army lost over 100 armored vehicles, including tanks; Russian soldiers were soon being killed at the rate of 100 a day. In his memoirs, Yeltsin described the war as the moment when Russia "parted with one more exceptionally dubious but fond illusion—about the might of our army . . . about its indomitability."
The first Chechen war concluded unsatisfactorily in 1996. A few years later, Vladimir Putin, who became the ailing Yeltsin's prime minister in September 1999, decided to fight the war again, but this time he made sure that Russia was prepared. Putin had previously been head of the Federal Security Service, or FSB, the successor to the KGB, where he began his career. When apartment buildings in Moscow and elsewhere were bombed in September 1999, Putin blamed Chechen terrorists (although there was good reason to suspect the FSB was seeking to create a pretext for a new war) and ordered Russian troops to gain control of Chechnya by "all available means." In this second Chechen war, Russia proceeded with more deliberation and ruthlessness until it succeeded in occupying Grozny. Although the war dragged on for some time, Putin's visible commitment to ending the Chechen rebellion was sufficient to provide him with a decisive victory in the spring 2000 presidential election. As Putin was campaigning, journalists asked him which political leaders he found "most interesting." After citing Napoleon—which the reporters took as a joke—he offered Charles de Gaulle, a natural choice perhaps for someone who wanted to restore the effectiveness of the state with a strong centralized authority.
The taking of Crimea confirmed Putin's status as a shrewd commander.
By 2013, Putin had gone some way toward achieving that end. High commodity prices had given him a strong economy. He had also marginalized his political opposition at home, consolidating his power. Yet Russia's relations with the West had worsened, particularly concerning Ukraine. Ever since the Orange Revolution of 2004–5, Putin had worried that a pro-Western government in Kyiv might seek to join NATO, a fear aggravated when the issue was broached at NATO's 2008 Bucharest summit. The crisis, however, came in 2013, when Victor Yanukovych, Ukraine's pro-Russian president, was about to sign an association agreement with the EU. Putin put intense pressure on Yanukovych until he agreed not to sign. But Yanukovych's reversal led to exactly what Putin had feared, a popular uprising—the Maidan movement—that ultimately brought down Yanukovych and left Ukraine completely in the hands of pro-Western leaders. At this point, Putin resolved to annex Crimea.
In launching his plan, Putin had the advantages of a Russian naval base at Sevastopol and considerable support for Russia among the local population. Yet he still proceeded carefully. His strategy, which he has followed since, was to present any aggressive Russian move as no more than a response to pleas from people who needed protection. Deploying troops with standard uniforms and equipment but no markings, who came to be known as the "little green men," the Kremlin successfully convinced the local parliament to call a referendum on incorporating Crimea into Russia. As these events unfolded, Putin was prepared to hold back should Ukraine or its Western allies put up a serious challenge. But Ukraine was in disarray—it had only an acting minister of defense and no decision-making authority in a position to respond—and the West took no action against Russia beyond limited sanctions. For Putin, the taking of Crimea, with hardly any casualties, and with the West largely standing on the sidelines, confirmed his status as a shrewd supreme commander.
But Putin was not content to walk away with this clear prize; instead, that spring and summer, he allowed Russia to be drawn into a far more intractable conflict in the Donbas region of eastern Ukraine. Here, he could not follow the formula that had worked so well in Crimea: pro-Russian sentiment in the east was too feeble to imply widespread popular support for secession. Very quickly, the conflict became militarized, with Moscow claiming that separatist militias were acting independently of Russia. Nonetheless, by summer, when it looked like the separatists in Donetsk and Luhansk, the two pro-Russian enclaves in the Donbas, might be defeated by the Ukrainian army, the Kremlin sent in regular Russian forces. Although the Russians then had no trouble against the Ukrainian army, Putin was still cautious. He did not annex the enclaves, as the separatists wanted, but instead took the opportunity to get a deal in Minsk, intending to use the enclaves to influence Kyiv's policies.
To some Western observers, Russia's war in the Donbas looked like a potent new strategy of hybrid warfare. As analysts described it, Russia was able to put its adversaries on the back foot by bringing together regular and irregular forces and overt and covert activities and by combining established forms of military action with cyberattacks and information warfare. But this assessment overstated the coherence of the Russian approach. In practice, the Russians had set in motion events with unpredictable consequences, led by individuals they struggled to control, for objectives they did not wholly share. The Minsk agreement was never implemented, and the fighting never stopped. At most, Putin had made the best of a bad job, containing the conflict and, while disrupting Ukraine, deterring the West from getting too involved. Unlike in Crimea, Putin had shown an uncertain touch as a commander, with the Donbas enclaves left in limbo, belonging to no country, and Ukraine continuing to move closer to the West.
Underwhelming Force
By the summer of 2021, the Donbas war had been at a stalemate for more than seven years, and Putin decided on a bold plan to bring matters to a head. Having failed to use the enclaves to influence Kyiv, he sought to use their plight to make the case for regime change in Kyiv, ensuring that it would reenter Moscow's sphere of influence and never again contemplate joining either NATO or the EU. Thus, he would undertake a full-scale invasion of Ukraine.
Such an approach would require a huge commitment of armed forces and an audacious campaign. But Putin's confidence had been boosted by Russia's recent military intervention in Syria, which successfully propped up the regime of Bashar al-Assad, and by recent efforts to modernize Russia's armed forces. Western analysts had largely accepted Russian claims about the country's growing military strength, including new systems and armaments, such as "hypersonic weapons," that at least sounded impressive. Moreover, healthy Russian financial reserves would limit the effect of any punitive sanctions. And the West appeared divided and unsettled after Donald Trump's presidency, an impression that was confirmed by the botched U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan in August 2021.
When Putin launched what he called the "special military operation" in Ukraine, many in the West feared that it might succeed. Western observers had watched Russia's massive buildup of forces on the Ukrainian border for months, and when the invasion began, the minds of U.S. and European strategists raced ahead to the implications of a Russian victory that threatened to incorporate Ukraine into a revitalized Greater Russia. Although some NATO countries, such as the United States and the United Kingdom, had rushed military supplies to Ukraine, others, following this pessimism, were more reluctant. Additional equipment, they concluded, was likely to arrive too late or even be captured by the Russians.
Pro-Russian soldiers in Donetsk, Ukraine, March 7, 2022
Alexander Ermochenko / Reuters
Less noted was that the Russian troop buildup—notwithstanding its formidable scale—was far from sufficient to take and hold all of Ukraine. Even many in or connected to the Russian military could see the risks. In early February 2022, Igor "Strelkov" Girkin, one of the original Russian separatist leaders in the 2014 campaign, observed that Ukraine's military was better prepared than it had been eight years earlier and that "there aren't nearly enough troops mobilized, or being mobilized." Yet Putin did not consult experts on Ukraine, relying instead on his closest advisers—old comrades from the Russian security apparatus—who echoed his dismissive view that Ukraine could be easily taken.
As soon as the invasion got underway, the central weaknesses in the Russian campaign became apparent. The plan was for a short war, with decisive advances in several different parts of the country on the first day. But Putin and his advisers' optimism meant that the plan was shaped largely around rapid operations by elite combat units. Little consideration was given to logistics and supply lines, which limited Russia's ability to sustain the offensive once it stalled, and all the essentials of modern warfare, including food, fuel, and ammunition, began to be rapidly consumed. In effect, the number of axes of advance created a number of separate wars being fought at once, all presenting their own challenges, each with their own command structures and without an appropriate mechanism to coordinate their efforts and allocate resources among them.
The first sign that things were not going according to Putin's plan was what happened at the Hostomel airport, near Kyiv. Told that they would meet little resistance, the elite paratroopers who had been sent to hold the airport for incoming transport aircraft were instead repelled by a Ukrainian counterattack. Eventually, the Russians succeeded in taking the airport, but by then, it was too damaged to be of any value. Elsewhere, apparently formidable Russian tank units were stopped by far more lightly armed Ukrainian defenders. According to one account, a huge column of Russian tanks that was destined for Kyiv was initially stopped by a group of just 30 Ukrainian soldiers, who approached it at night on quad bikes and succeeded in destroying a few vehicles at the head of the column, leaving the rest stuck on a narrow roadway and open to further attack. The Ukrainians successfully repeated such ambushes in many other areas.
Ukrainian forces, with Western assistance, had undertaken energetic reforms and planned their defenses carefully. They were also highly motivated, unlike many of their Russian counterparts, who were unsure why they were there. Agile Ukrainian units, drawing first on antitank weapons and drones and then on artillery, caught Russian forces by surprise. In the end, then, the early course of the war was determined not by greater numbers and firepower but by superior tactics, commitment, and command.
From the outset of the invasion, the contrast between the Russian and Ukrainian approaches to command was stark. Putin's original strategic error was to assume that Ukraine was both hostile enough to engage in anti-Russian activities and incapable of resisting Russian might. As the invasion stalled, Putin appeared unable to adapt to the new reality, insisting that the campaign was on schedule and proceeding according to plan. Prevented from mentioning the high numbers of Russian casualties and numerous battlefield setbacks, the Russian media have relentlessly reinforced government propaganda about the war. By contrast, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky, the initial target of the Russian operation, refused offers from the United States and other Western powers to be taken to safety to form a government in exile. He not only survived but stayed in Kyiv, visible and voluble, rallying his people and pressing Western governments for more support, financial and military. By demonstrating the overwhelming commitment of the Ukrainian people to defend their country, he encouraged the West to impose far more severe sanctions on Russia than it might otherwise have done, as well as to get supplies of weapons and war materiel to Ukraine. While Putin stubbornly repeated himself as his "special military operation" faltered, Zelensky grew in confidence and political stature.
Putin's baleful influence also hung over other key strategic decisions by Russia. The first, following the initial setbacks, was the Russian military's decision to adopt the brutal tactics it had used in Chechnya and Syria: targeting civilian infrastructure, including hospitals and residential buildings. These attacks caused immense suffering and hardship and, as could have been predicted, only strengthened Ukrainian resolve. The tactics were also counterproductive in another sense. Combined with the revelations about possible war crimes by Russian troops in areas around Kyiv, such as Bucha, Russia's attacks on nonmilitary targets convinced leaders in Washington and other Western capitals that it was pointless to try to broker a compromise settlement with Putin. Instead, Western governments accelerated the flow of weapons to Ukraine, with a growing emphasis on offensive as well as defensive systems. This was not the war between Russia and NATO claimed by Moscow propagandists, but it was rapidly becoming the next closest thing.
An unbroken string of poor command decisions left Putin with few options.
A second key strategic decision came on March 25, when Russia abandoned its maximalist goal of taking Kyiv and announced that it was concentrating instead on the "complete liberation" of the Donbas region. This new objective, although it promised to bring greater misery to the east, was more realistic, and it would have been yet more so if it had been the initial aim of the invasion. The Kremlin also now appointed an overall Russian commander to lead the war, a general whose approach would be more methodical and employ additional artillery to prepare the ground before armor and infantry moved forward. But the effect of these shifts was limited because Putin needed quick results and didn't give the Russian forces time to recover and prepare for this second round of the war.
The momentum had already swung from Russia to Ukraine, and it could not be turned around quickly enough to meet Putin's timetable. Some analysts speculated that Putin wanted something that he could call a victory on May 9, the Russian holiday marking the end of the Great Patriotic War, Russia's victory over Nazi Germany. As likely, though, was his and his senior military commanders' desire to make territorial gains in the east before Ukraine could absorb new weapons from the United States and Europe. As a result, Russian commanders sent units that had just been withdrawn from the north back into combat in the east; there was no time to replenish the troops or remedy the failings exhibited in the first phase of the war.
In the new offensive, which began in earnest in mid-April, Russian forces made few gains, while Ukrainian counterattacks nibbled away at their positions. To add to the embarrassment, Russia's Black Sea flagship, the Moskva, was sunk in an audacious Ukrainian attack. By May 9, there was not a lot to celebrate in Moscow. Even the coastal city of Mariupol, which Russia had attacked mercilessly since the start of the war and battered into rubble, was not fully captured until a week later. By that time, Western estimates were suggesting that a third of the initial Russian combat force, both personnel and equipment, had been lost. Rumors had circulated that Putin would use the holiday to announce a general mobilization to meet the army's need for manpower, but no such announcement was made. For one thing, such a move would have been deeply unpopular in Russia. But it would also have taken time to get conscripts and reservists to the front, and Russia would still face chronic equipment shortages.
After an unbroken string of poor command decisions, Putin was running out of options. As the offensive in Ukraine completed its third month, many observers began to note that Russia had become stuck in an unwinnable war that it dared not lose. Western governments and senior NATO officials began to talk of a conflict that could continue for months, and possibly years, to come. That would depend on the ability of the Russian commanders to keep a fight going with depleted forces of low morale and also on the ability of Ukraine to move from a defensive strategy to an offensive one. Perhaps Russia's military could still salvage something out of the situation. Or perhaps Putin would see at some point that it might be prudent to call for a cease-fire so he could cash in the gains made early in the war before a Ukrainian counteroffensive took them away, even though that would mean admitting failure.
Power Without Purpose
One must be careful when drawing large lessons from wars with their own special features, particularly from a war whose full consequences are not yet known. Analysts and military planners are certain to study the war in Ukraine for many years as an example of the limits to military power, looking for explanations as to why one of the strongest and largest armed forces in the world, with a formidable air force and navy and new equipment and with recent and successful combat experience, faltered so badly. Before the invasion, when Russia's military was compared with Ukraine's smaller and lesser-armed defense forces, few doubted which side would gain the upper hand. But actual war is determined by qualitative and human factors, and it was the Ukrainians who had sharper tactics, brought together by command structures, from the highest political level to the lowlier field commanders, that were fit for the purpose.
Putin's war in Ukraine, then, is foremost a case study in a failure of supreme command. The way that objectives are set and wars launched by the commander in chief shapes what follows. Putin's mistakes were not unique; they were typical of those made by autocratic leaders who come to believe their own propaganda. He did not test his optimistic assumptions about the ease with which he could achieve victory. He trusted his armed forces to deliver. He did not realize that Ukraine was a challenge on a completely different scale from earlier operations in Chechnya, Georgia, and Syria. But he also relied on a rigid and hierarchical command structure that was unable to absorb and adapt to information from the ground and, crucially, did not enable Russian units to respond rapidly to changing circumstances.
The value of delegated authority and local initiative will be one of the other key lessons from this war. But for these practices to be effective, the military in question must be able to satisfy four conditions. First, there must be mutual trust between those at the senior and most junior levels. Those at the highest level of command must have confidence that their subordinates have the intelligence and ability to do the right thing in demanding circumstances, while their subordinates must have confidence that the high command will provide what backing they can. Second, those doing the fighting must have access to the equipment and supplies they need to keep going. It helped the Ukrainians that they were using portable antitank and air-defense weapons and were fighting close to their home bases, but they still needed their logistical systems to work.
Third, those providing leadership at the most junior levels of command need to be of high quality. Under Western guidance, the Ukrainian army had been developing the sort of noncommissioned officer corps that can ensure that the basic demands of an army on the move will be met, from equipment maintenance to actual preparedness to fight. In practice, even more relevant was that many of those who returned to the ranks when Ukraine mobilized were experienced veterans and had a natural understanding of what needed to be done.
But this leads to the fourth condition. The ability to act effectively at any level of command requires a commitment to the mission and an understanding of its political purpose. These elements were lacking on the Russian side because of the way Putin launched his war: the enemy the Russian forces had been led to expect was not the one they faced, and the Ukrainian population was not, contrary to what they had been told, inclined to be liberated. The more futile the fight, the lower the morale and the weaker the discipline of those fighting. In these circumstances, local initiative can simply lead to desertion or looting. By contrast, the Ukrainians were defending their territory against an enemy intent on destroying their land. There was an asymmetry of motivation that influenced the fighting from the start. Which takes us back to the folly of Putin's original decision. It is hard to command forces to act in support of a delusion.
CORRECTION APPENDED (JUNE 14, 2022)
An earlier version of this article mistakenly placed American forces in Afghanistan and Iran; they were in Afghanistan and Iraq.
LAWRENCE FREEDMAN is Emeritus Professor of War Studies at King's College London and the author of the forthcoming book Command: The Politics of Military Operations From Korea to Ukraine.
More By Lawrence Freedman
Ukraine Russian Federation Security Defense & Military War & Military Strategy War in Ukraine Vladimir Putin Volodymyr Zelensky
What the Mighty Miss
The Blind Spots of Power
Ngaire Woods
The Perils of Pessimism
Why Anxious Nations Are Dangerous Nations
Daniel W. Drezner


The average pay for an Art Preparator is $44,431 a year and $21 an hour in Idaho, United States. The average salary range for an Art Preparator is between $32,680 and $54,196. On average, a Bachelor's Degree is the highest level of education for an Art Preparator. This compensation analysis is based on salary survey data collected directly from employers and anonymous employees in Idaho, United States.
Packs fine arts, determining packaging and special handling procedures to ensure the safe shipping and storing of art objects, scientific specimens, and historic artifacts.
Talks with curatorial personnel regarding status of museum projects and proposed shipping or transfer dates of exhibitions.


text:
All MINISO Stores
MINISO LIFE STYLE
Back to the products essence
Enriches our lives with a wide range of products
Everyday in Miniso store
Sydney(16)
Brisbane(2)
Gold Coast(1)
Perth(1)
Auburn Central Shop Q46b, Auburn Central Shopping Centre, Cnr Harrow Road and Queen Street
Thur 9:00am - 9:00pm
Bankstown Store Level 1, SP314, Bankstown Central, Bankstown NSW 2200
Sun 10:00 AM-5:00 PM
Mon 9:30 AM-5:30 PM
Tue 9:30 AM-5:30 PM
Wed 9:30 AM-5:30 PM
Thur 9:30 AM-8:00 PM
Fri 9:30 AM-5:30 PM
Sat 9:30 AM-5:30 PM
Burwood Store Shop136, Ground Level, Westfield Burwood,100 Burwood Rd, Burwood NSW 2134
Cabramatta Store Unit 3, 88 John Street, Cabramatta, NSW 2166
Mon 10:00 AM-6:00 PM
Tue 10:00 AM-6:00 PM
Wed 10:00 AM-6:00 PM
Thur 10:00 AM-6:00 PM
Fri 10:00 AM-6:00 PM
Sat 10:00 AM-6:00 PM
Castle Towers Store Shop 494, Castel Towers Shopping Centre 6-14 Castle St, Castle Hill NSW 2154
Mon 10:00AM - 5:30PM
Tue 10:00AM - 5:30PM
Wed 10:00AM - 5:30PM
Thur 10:00AM - 9:00PM
Fri 10:00AM - 5:30PM
Central Plaza Store Shop LG05, Lower Ground Food Court, Westfield Sydney Central Plaza, Sydney, NSW 2000
Sun 10:00AM-6:00 PM
Mon 10:00AM-6:00 PM
Tue 10:00AM-6:00 PM
Wed 10:00AM-6:00 PM
Thur 10:00AM-9:00 PM
Fri 10:00AM-6:00 PM
Sat 9:00AM-6:00 PM
Chatswood Store 350 Victoria Ave, Chatswood, NSW 2067
Galeries Store Shop RLG12, Lower ground floor, The Galeries, 500 George Street, Sydney, NSW 2000
Hurstville Store Shop 135-139, level 1, Westfield, Hurstville, NSW 2220
Mon 9:30AM-6:00 PM
Tue 9:30AM-6:00 PM
Wed 9:30AM-6:00 PM
Thur 9:30AM-9:00 PM
Fri 9:00AM-6:00 PM
Sat 10:00AM-6:00 PM
Macquarie Centre Store Shop 1007A, Macquarie shopping centre, Herring Road & Waterloo Road, North Ryde, NSW 2113
Mt Druitt Store Shop 56/57, Cnr Carlisle Avenue & Luxford Road Mt Druitt, NSW 2770
Parramatta Store Shop 5079/8, Westfield Parramatta, 159-175 Church Street, Parramatta NSW 2150
Rhodes Store Ground level, Processing Shop3, Rhodes waterside, 1 Rider Boulevard, Rhodes, NSW 2138
Top Ryde Store Level GRD, Shop 3014, Top Ryde City Shopping Center, Sydney, NSW 2112
Warringah Store Shop 2505 Westfield, 145 Condamine St, Brookvale, NSW 2100
World Square Store Shop 2A, Ground Floor, World Square, 644 George Street, Sydney, NSW 2000
Bayside Store Shop 185, Bayside, 28 Beach Street
Chadstone Store Unit 252, 1341 Dandenong Road, Chadstone
DFO South Wharf Store B091, Basement Level, 20 Convention Centre Pl, South Wharf, VIC 3006
Docklands Store Shop CC C04, Ground Floor, 440 Docklands Dr, Docklands VIC 3008
Doncaster Store G12, Ground Floor, Doncaster Road & Williamsons Road, Doncaster Shopping Centre Shop, Doncaster, VIC 3108
Eastland Store Shop 1060 Eastland Shopping Centre , 71-175 Maroondah Hwy, Ringwood, VIC 3134
Highpoint Store No. L02 2116, Highpoint Shopping Centre Shop, 200 Rosamond Road, Maribyrnong, VIC 3032
Melbourne Central LG 054 Melbourne Central, 360 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000
Northland Store C013 Northland Shopping Centre, 2-50 Murray Road, Preston, VIC,3072
Spencer Outlet Store Shop T 104, 201 Spencer St, Docklands VIC 3008
Thur 10:00 AM - 6:00 PM
The Glen Store Shop G-058 ,The Glen, 235 Springvale Road, Glen Waverley, VIC, 3150
North Lakes Store Shop 1262, Level 1, North Lakes Shopping Centre, North lakes, QLD 4509
Sunnybank Store Shop 56, Sunnybank Plaza, 358 Mains Road, Sunnybank, QLD 4109
Sun 10:00 AM-05:00PM
Mon 10:00 AM-05:00PM
Tue 10:00 AM-05:00PM
Wed 10:00 AM-05:00PM
Thur 10:00 AM-05:00PM
Fri 10:00 AM-05:00PM
Sat 10:00 AM-05:00PM
Gold Coast, Queensland
Pacific Fair Shopping Centre Shop 1569, Ground Level,Pacific Fair Shopping Centre, QLD 4218
Mon 10:00 AM-5:30PM
Tue 10:00 AM-5:30PM
Wed 10:00 AM-5:30PM
Thur 10:00 AM-5:30PM
Fri 10:00 AM-5:30PM
Sat 10:00 AM-5:30PM
Perth, Western Australia
Westfield Carousel Store Shop 1130 1382 Albany highway Cannington
Wed 9:00 AM-5:30PM
Thur 9:00 AM-9:00PM
Fri 9:00 AM-5:30PM
Sat 9:00 AM-5:00PM


text:
Home » #FreeToBleed: Zero-rating and free pads to start in South Africa
Gender Based Violence • News
#FreeToBleed: Zero-rating and free pads to start in South Africa
by Pontsho Pilane
Thousands of learners who cannot afford to buy sanitary pads were left vulnerable. (File)
Written by Pontsho Pilane
Bleeding every month is about to get a lot cheaper for many people who menstruate. In some cases, it may even be free.
by Pontsho Pilane, Health-e News

#FreeToBleed: Zero-rating and free pads to start in South Africa

by Pontsho Pilane, Health-e News
April 1, 2019

From the start of the new financial year today, sanitary pads will be exempted from Value Added Tax (VAT), as announced by Finance Minister Tito Mboweni last year.

But community advocacy organisation amandla.mobi is worried that retailers could try to not pass on the zero-rating saving to consumers.

"We need to monitor in-store prices to make sure greedy businesses don't purposely increase their prices," according to the organisation.

But economist and member of the VAT review panel Thabi Leoka says consumers can hold manufacturers or shops who increase their prices accountable by reporting them to the South African Revenue Service (SARS).

"This is the best place to go to inform the authorities that there is no adjustments to the price of because any tax related issues fall under SARS," she explains.

Any member of the public can also go to the Competition Commission open a case against companies that are anti-competitive and don't want to reduce prices, adds Leoka.

"The Finance Minister has endorsed it, so is basically compulsory to zero-rate the full products that we recommend," said Leoka.

Mboweni made the announcement during his maiden Medium Term Budget Policy Statement in October' which outlines how government will spend money in the next three years.

According to the Pietermaritzburg Economic Justice and Dignity Group, a large pack of pads cost about R40,16 last October — when Mboweni made his announcement.

"If the prices stayed the same, then this same pack should cost R34,92 on the 1st of April," amandla.mobi says.

Meanwhile, the Department of Women's long awaited Sanitary Dignity Programme, which will provide free sanitary pads to menstruating learners in poorer schools (known as Quintile one to three schools), also kicks off at the beginning of April.

According to government guidelines, these schools are the poorest of all public schools and learners don't pay school fees and receive a meal at school.

National Treasury approved a total of R157 million to ensure the immediate rollout in all provinces from April 2019 to March 2020, the department's Minister Bathabile Dlamini said at the programme's launch in February.

Meanwhile, amandla.mobi says it will keep a close on how provinces roll out the programme. "We want to ensure that the corruption we saw with the free pads programme in KwaZulu-Natal doesn't happen elsewhere."

In 2017, the province's education department announced that R20 million had been budgeted to provide free sanitary pads to learners in about 3 000 poverty-stricken schools during that financial year – making KwaZulu-Natal the first province to launch on such a large scale.

But the initiative was marred with allegations of mismanagement, reported News24, when the provincial South African Democratic Teachers' Union accused depart of "commercialising the free sanitary pads initiative". The union alleged the initial R20 million ring-fenced was bumped to R109 million which the department approved.

"It's important that the [national] rollout is done properly and the pads actually reach the learners they're intended for so that we can learn how the programme can be to other public facilities," says amandla.mobi.

The Department of Women estimated that each learner would need about two packets of 10 sanitary pads costing R24.00.

"The amount is like a drop in the ocean given the number of girls in school in these quintiles. Nevertheless, Treasury is appreciated for the start," the department's Chief Directorate of Social Empowerment and Participation Sipiwo Matshoba told Health-e News.

Service providers will be expected to deliver on the day that sanitary towels are to handed out to learners to avoid keeping pads in schools. "Only a box or so for emergency can be kept at school. A register will be marked and signed as the girls the receive pads from their Life Orientation teacher and the principal and supplier's signature will also be required," said Matshoba.

Provinces will be responsible for the implementation of the programme and the department will provide support and capacity building to each province, depending on the different levels of readiness, she added. — Health-e News.

Pontsho Pilane won Livity Africa's Project Demo Challenge in 2015 and put forward a policy proposal to Parliament for the provision of free sanitary pads to disadvantaged people. She presented in Parliament in 2016.

This article first appeared on Health-e News and is republished here under a Creative Commons license.
From the start of the new financial year today, sanitary pads will be exempted from Value Added Tax (VAT), as announced by Finance Minister Tito Mboweni last year.
But community advocacy organisation amandla.mobi is worried that retailers could try to not pass on the zero-rating saving to consumers.
"We need to monitor in-store prices to make sure greedy businesses don't purposely increase their prices," according to the organisation.
But economist and member of the VAT review panel Thabi Leoka says consumers can hold manufacturers or shops who increase their prices accountable by reporting them to the South African Revenue Service (SARS).
"This is the best place to go to inform the authorities that there is no adjustments to the price of because any tax related issues fall under SARS," she explains.
Victory: Community advocacy organisation amandla.mobi has championed the fight for free pads in South Africa. (Photo Credit: amandla.mobi)
Any member of the public can also go to the Competition Commission open a case against companies that are anti-competitive and don't want to reduce prices, adds Leoka.
"The Finance Minister has endorsed it, so is basically compulsory to zero-rate the full products that we recommend," said Leoka.
Mboweni made the announcement during his maiden Medium Term Budget Policy Statement in October' which outlines how government will spend money in the next three years.
According to the Pietermaritzburg Economic Justice and Dignity Group, a large pack of pads cost about R40,16 last October — when Mboweni made his announcement.
"If the prices stayed the same, then this same pack should cost R34,92 on the 1st of April," amandla.mobi says.
Meanwhile, the Department of Women's long awaited Sanitary Dignity Programme, which will provide free sanitary pads to menstruating learners in poorer schools (known as Quintile one to three schools), also kicks off at the beginning of April.
According to government guidelines, these schools are the poorest of all public schools and learners don't pay school fees and receive a meal at school.
After years of waiting and advocacy, Treasury has finally allocated the national roll-out of sanitary pads a budget of R157-million.
National Treasury approved a total of R157 million to ensure the immediate rollout in all provinces from April 2019 to March 2020, the department's Minister Bathabile Dlamini said at the programme's launch in February.
Meanwhile, amandla.mobi says it will keep a close on how provinces roll out the programme. "We want to ensure that the corruption we saw with the free pads programme in KwaZulu-Natal doesn't happen elsewhere."
In 2017, the province's education department announced that R20 million had been budgeted to provide free sanitary pads to learners in about 3 000 poverty-stricken schools during that financial year – making KwaZulu-Natal the first province to launch on such a large scale.
But the initiative was marred with allegations of mismanagement, reported News24, when the provincial South African Democratic Teachers' Union accused depart of "commercialising the free sanitary pads initiative". The union alleged the initial R20 million ring-fenced was bumped to R109 million which the department approved.
"It's important that the [national] rollout is done properly and the pads actually reach the learners they're intended for so that we can learn how the programme can be to other public facilities," says amandla.mobi.
The Department of Women estimated that each learner would need about two packets of 10 sanitary pads costing R24.00.
"The amount is like a drop in the ocean given the number of girls in school in these quintiles. Nevertheless, Treasury is appreciated for the start," the department's Chief Directorate of Social Empowerment and Participation Sipiwo Matshoba told Health-e News.
Service providers will be expected to deliver on the day that sanitary towels are to handed out to learners to avoid keeping pads in schools. "Only a box or so for emergency can be kept at school. A register will be marked and signed as the girls the receive pads from their Life Orientation teacher and the principal and supplier's signature will also be required," said Matshoba.
Provinces will be responsible for the implementation of the programme and the department will provide support and capacity building to each province, depending on the different levels of readiness, she added. — Health-e News.
Pontsho Pilane won Livity Africa's Project Demo Challenge in 2015 and put forward a policy proposal to Parliament for the provision of free sanitary pads to disadvantaged people. She presented in Parliament in 2016.
free sanitary pads menstruation National Treasury Tito Mboweni zero-rating
Autism: Why aren't we aware?
Sugary drinks tax turns one — amid opposition
Pontsho Pilane


Due to recent circumstances and seeing many examples over time of many members of this community being banned and having their possessions lost to the void of nothingness (Riley's money). I feel it'd be wise to write a will to state who will inherit everything I have.
I, Darth Vaper / TheRex / Kerem, residing in Aberdeen, Scotland revoke all former wills and testamentary dispositions made by me and declare this to be my last will and testament.
I appoint 3 trusted members of the community, high staff, friends and (former) clan mates to be the executors of this will: Tennism8, Your Teddy or Blast.
I devise, bequeath, and give 20% (26 million $) of my wealth to whoever is in charge of Boonk Gang at the time this will & testament comes into effect as they are the current clan I reside in.
I devise, bequeath, and give 20% (26 million $) of my wealth to whoever is in charge of KZ at the time this will & testament comes into effect as they are my good friends and my old clan that I spent over 1/2 a year in.
I devise, bequeath, and give 10% (13 million $) of my wealth to (BG) George as I wish for him to reach his money goal.
I devise, bequeath, and give 20% (26 million $) of my wealth to Your Teddy as I have/always will have a huge crush on him and wish for him to become my boyfriend and, for what its worth, he is a good friend.
I devise, bequeath, and give 10% (13 million $) of my wealth to Tennism8 for letting me back in KZ so many times and for being a good friend.
I devise, bequeath, and give 10% (13 million $) of my wealth to Soap-Chan or Baffy (They can decide) as they are both what I consider to be my friends.
I devise, bequeath, and give 10% (13 million $) of my wealth to Blast as he has been a great Community Manager, friend, and has proved to me that some Senior Staff DO care about us. He also was kind enough to offer me a place in BG.
In the event that any of the above heirs to my money are unable to collect their % for whatever reason (Banned/Left) then it is to be given to Your Teddy, if he is unable to collect it then any of the other Executors are to do as they see fit with the money.
I devise, bequeath and give the mantle of Darth and access to my custom job, Dark Lord, to Your Teddy.
This should only ever come into effect in the event that I left or got banned from HawkServers.
You can't give out items that are purchasable from the store to friends, in that case I suppose only money is valid for giving.
where's my part in this will huh?


New Series of Layer 2 PoE+ Wireless Management Switches and Indoor/Outdoor Wireless Access Points can be combined to create scalable, high-performance network infrastructure solutions. Quick deployment for existing networking environment. Fit in your router ready networks and adapt without network structure modifications.


Local agencies and volunteers from Safer St Austell litter picked their way across Par beach's golden sands today to show support for World Environment Day and improve the beach for people to enjoy.
World Environment Day encourages worldwide awareness and action for the protection of our environment. The theme for 2018 is beating plastic pollution, so the clean-up at Par helped raise awareness of the importance of looking after Cornwall's beautiful beaches, wildlife and sea and encouraged people to take their rubbish home with them.
The local agencies within Safer St Austell taking part in the beach clean included Cosgarne Hall, Addaction, Community Safety from Cornwall Council and the Cornwall Fire and Rescue Service. Volunteers from Friends of Par Beach also litter picked and local charity St Austell Community Kitchen (STAK) gave their support by providing a sumptuous picnic.
Safer St Austell includes voluntary sector, public services and the local business community. The partners work on various initiatives within St Austell to help residents and visitors feel safer and benefit the economy by addressing anti-social behaviour and the fear of crime as well as improving the environment.
Cornish manufacturer Kensa Heat Pumps supported the event by giving a donation to Safer St Austell and Clean Cornwall supplied the litter pickers and collected the rubbish.
For more information about the work of Safer St Austell visit the Safer Cornwall website at www.safercornwall.co.uk.


1) Open AIRE has been working on collaborating with data infrastructures and data repositories, getting involved in RDA, and establishing working groups on publication and data link.
2) Open AIRE is European open access publication data infrastructure with policy-driven projects in 33 countries, being able to enrich the publications. A new publication model are grouped together, through which we can discover and verify with the statistics.
3) EC Open Access policies: EC recommendation on access to and preservation of scientific information.
4) Open AIRE is consisted of publication repositories of OA journals or scientific paper and CRIS Systems.
5) Metadata placed at a data repositories (all with guidelines) presenting with schema are part of Open AIRE.


text:
Terry Chambers (né le  à Swindon dans le Wiltshire) est le batteur de la formation originale du groupe anglais XTC. Il est apparu sur tous les albums et sur tous les albums live jusqu'à son départ en 1982.

À l'origine, il voulait jouer du piano, mais ses parents ne pouvaient pas lui en acheter un. Alors, grâce aux petits revenus qu'il avait reçu en rangeant les épiceries locales, il achète sa première batterie à 14 ans.

Après avoir quitté XTC, il va s'installer dans le pays natal de sa femme, l'Australie. Il y joue dans le groupe Dragon, sur l'album Body and the Beat (1984) ainsi que l'album live et la vidéo Live One (1985). Il apparaît aussi sur les clips promotionnels des chansons Wilderworld, Cry, Magic et Rain.

Références
Interview dans "XTC At the manor", enregistrée aux Richard Branson's Manor Studios le 22, 23 et  et diffusé le  sur la BBC2 Bristol.

Liens externes

Naissance en juillet 1955
Naissance à Swindon
Batteur anglais de rock

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia