text:
Supplementary MaterialsSupplementary Information 41598_2017_10794_MOESM1_ESM. the CS presentation, whereas others were activated
Supplementary MaterialsSupplementary Information 41598_2017_10794_MOESM1_ESM. the CS presentation, whereas others were activated after a delay. Our findings indicate that granule cells control the recovery from conditioned fear responses in zebrafish. Introduction The cerebellum features like a neuronal learning machine to regulate different behaviors. Classical fitness and the part of the Marimastat cost cerebellum in learning have been extensively investigated1, 2. For instance, the repeated pairing of a conditioned stimulus (CS) (e.g., a tone or Marimastat cost light) and an unconditioned stimulus (US) (e.g., an air puff directed into the eyes) leads to CS-evoked eye blinking, and this eyeblink conditioning depends on the cerebellum. During learning, granule cells and Purkinje cells receive two inputs from outside the cerebellum, through mossy fibers (MFs) and climbing fibers (CFs). The MF information is relayed by granule-cell axons, called parallel fibers (PFs), and Purkinje cells integrate the MF/CF information and send the outputs outside the cerebellum through projection neurons (the deep cerebellar nucleus in mammals and eurydendroid cells in teleosts). Repeating the CS and aversive US (e.g., an electric shock) can induce CS-evoked avoidance responses in unrestrained animals (adaptive avoidance learning). However, if animals are restrained, the CS induces freezing behaviors, such as bradycardia. Fear conditioning involves the amygdala in mammals3, 4. In zebrafish, the ventral and dorsal habenula are involved in expressing and modifying Marimastat cost fear responses5, 6. The cerebellum also plays a crucial role in classical fear conditioning. In mammals, lesions of the cerebellar vermis or inferior olive nuclei (IOs), from which the CFs originate, impair the acquisition of conditioned bradycardia responses7C9. Inactivating the cerebellar vermis with tetrodotoxin disrupts fear-memory consolidation in rats10. Functional imaging in the human brain revealed that the cerebellar midline area is activated when recalling fear shows11. In goldfish, conditioned bradycardia reactions are impaired by lesions or by drug-mediated inhibition from the cerebellum12, 13. These reviews indicate how the cerebellum can be involved in traditional dread conditioning, including conditioned autonomic rules, in both teleosts and mammals. However it isn't clear which parts in the cerebellum control the traditional fear-conditioned response, or the way they are involved. The cerebellar neural circuits are conserved between zebrafish and mammals14C16 generally. Basic cerebellar neural circuits concerning granule and Purkinje cells type by 5 times post-fertilization (dpf) in zebrafish early larvae14, 17. Electrophysiological research exposed that Purkinje cells possess both basic spikes and complicated spikes, representing the CF and MF-PF inputs, respectively, in the first larval phases18C20. In keeping with these observations, the cerebellar neural circuitry can be activated during version of fictive going swimming in the optomotor response paradigm19. CF lesions prevent engine adaptation in the first larvae21, and activating or inhibiting Purkinje cells impacts early larval going swimming22. These results imply the cerebellum settings motor version in the first larval stages. Furthermore, zebrafish early larvae (6C8 dpf) can acquire traditional conditioned responses; connected learning with CS (light) and US (contact) leads to a CS-dependent upsurge in tail motion, and laser beam ablation of cerebellar neurons blocks this conditioned response23. Nevertheless, zebrafish will also be reported to obtain the capability to find out in traditional conditioning through the past due larval phases24. Thus, it really is still not yet determined whether zebrafish in the first larval stages can handle traditional dread fitness. We previously founded zebrafish transgenic (Tg) lines that communicate customized Gal4 in the cerebellar neural circuits25. Right here we looked into the roles from the larval zebrafish cerebellum in traditional fear conditioning using the granule-cell-specific Gal4 line. Results Late-stage larval zebrafish exhibited classical fear-conditioned responses The repeated pairing of a CS and an aversive US leads to bradycardia TLR9 and Marimastat cost Marimastat cost other escape behaviors in response to the CS in teleosts and mammals. To understand the neural circuits involved in fear conditioning, we used a delayed fear-conditioning paradigm with zebrafish larvae (Fig.?1) since the delayed fear conditioning paradigms were commonly used to study the role of cerebellum in learning for animals including goldfish10, 12, 13..
Tags: Marimastat cost, TLR9


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Q: Can you query the deployment status of an AWS Amplify preview build from the CLI or an API? Can you query the deployment status of an AWS Amplify preview build from the CLI or an API?
If so how?
I've been unable to find anything related to my question. I keep getting pages that say "run amplify status", which is not even close to what I'm looking for.
I'm trying to query for this information for a particular preview build from GitLab CI so that my job will wait for the preview build to be deployed before running functional tests, and not a second longer. Currently I'm using a time delay, which slows down how quickly I can get feedback.

A: The list-jobs AWS CLI command will return a JSON response containing all builds, including the most recent one first. Each object will include a status field. See the docs for it here.
You can use it like so:
aws amplify list-jobs --app-id <your app id> --branch-name <your branch name> --region <your region>

Obviously, you must be authenticated with the AWS CLI before running the command.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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HomeMotorcycle NewsSuzuki Unveils Replica Superbikes
Suzuki Unveils Replica Superbikes
Feb 1, 2018 Simon Lai Motorcycle News 0
Suzuki is releasing race replica models of the GSX-R1000 and GSX-R1000R
Now you can have your very own superbike in your garage; or at the very least, look the part.
It's many a rider's dream to ride like their heroes in the MotoGP, so Suzuki is releasing a new replica GSX-R1000R and GSX-R1000.
Out in the UK in March, the replicas will sport the paint scheme of the track worthy GSX-RR in iconic brilliant blue and black details in place of the regular yellow.
The production GSX-R1000 will also possess similar ride attributes to the racer such as VVT technology, for low-down torque and midrange, without jeopardising power plus a finger-follower valve train and stacked intake funnels.
While the GSX-R1000R comes with a 10-stage, lean angle-sensitive traction control system, launch control, cornering ABS and a bi-directional quickshifter and auto-blipper.
They'll be priced from £13,599 (AUD$23,950) and £16,099 (AUD$28,350) for the GSX-R1000R.
The Suzuki GSX-RR will be ridden by Andrea Iannone and Alex Rins for Team SUZUKI ECSTAR in the 2018 season which starts in March.
At this stage there is no confirmation of an Australian release.
Suzuki News

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Oliver turned to face Lieutenant Wayne and Chief Sullivan, the three of them standing very close to each other. Their voices barely audible, forcing a whisper. All three men were tense, everyone could see it not only in their faces, but in their posture.
Oliver's stomach was twisted but he wasn't sure why. He just had a feeling coming from the Administrator that something was off. He couldn't place his finger on it. The way that the colonists were behaving was peculiar, and the interaction between Beckett and Crawford seemed almost adversarial.
At first Oliver was addressing Chief Sullivan, "Danny", then his eyes flicked over to Lieutenant Wayne, "Rich, at the moment we have no reasons not to trust these people. But I have my resvervations all the same. Watch yourselves, and if anything comes up use the words gravity and time on a sentence to signal distress. Any thought gentlemen?"
Richard understood exactly what the XO was talking about the whole situation seemed a bit off. "Well I can tell you now this Cowboy they have in charge of defense is not gonna be a joy to work with but I will see if I can't 'Calm the Storm' and get some info out of him." Richard looked based their group at some of the goings on. Taking in as much as he could.
Sullivan looked at the two officers. He thought using a code world was pretty clever. He chimed in his two cents. "Going off their body language, they clearly have something to hide and they don't want us snooping around too much. I had a talk with Chief Yarder about keeping an eye on Lieutenant Fong and I told him to keep his eyes peeled for anything else out of the ordinary. I was thinking we could ask the good doctor, Lieutenant Hyde, if she has sensed anything. She is empathic is she not?".
At first Oliver was addressing Chief Sullivan, "Danny", then his eyes flicked over to Lieutenant Wayne, "Rich, at the moment we have no reasons not to trust these people. But I have my resvervations all the same. Watch yourselves, and if anything comes up use the words gravity and time on a sentence to signal distress. Any thoughts gentlemen?"
Oliver momentarily doubted himself. Why hadn't he thought of that. "Danny, you're a damn genius. I owe you a bottle of scotch the next time we are on shore leave. I'll get with her as soon as it seems reasonable, unless either of you would rather do it. I do not know the extent of her abilities."
Oliver let the end of his hang as to draw a response confirming or denying their interest in broaching the subject with the Doc.
Richard felt the eyes of his to comrades turn to him since his recent escapades with the doctor. "Well lets feel it out some more and see if we have to bring her involved. I am bringing an extra team on world in the next wave. They are some of my more trained operatives they will be detached to the COB and Ollie I am gonna leave my right hand man by your side in case anything goes south." Richard thumbed away at a PADD while talking calling for an extra squad to come state side and assigning Chief Petty Officer Stormer as the XO's securtity detail.
"Then there we have it gentlemen. You can have your teams report to you as you see fit but I want a status report from the section chiefs every other hour. After Administrator Beckett and I hammer out a trade deal with the Ferengi I'm going to report to the Captain, is there anything that you want me to bring up?"
Richard looked past the XO something just didn't feel right and he wanted to get to the bottom of it. "I got nothing yet but I will get back to ya on that." And with that he slapped Sully on the back and head to find the security commander.


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Real Sociedad de Futbol is a centenary football club founded in San Sebastian in 1909. Its track record includes 2 league Championships, 1 National Cup and 1 National Super Cup. Real Sociedad represents the highest values of sport and the way of being of Gipuzkoa´s community. A growing stadium that offers a genuine show to the thousands of loyal fans that support their beloved team match by match. In the stores located at Anoeta Stadium and Elkano St., you´ll find whatever you need to live the unique experience of a historical club.


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Here's how you can get money from a $6.3 million Infants' Tylenol settlement
Rebekah L. Sanders
Arizona Republic
Parents who bought Infants' Tylenol in the past six years could get money back from a $6.3 million lawsuit settlement with Johnson & Johnson.
The medicine's packaging, which features a picture of a mother holding her baby and a label that says "infants," misleads consumers into thinking Infants' Tylenol is specially formulated for infants, the class-action lawsuit argued.
In reality, the bottle contains the same concentration of liquid acetaminophen as Children's Tylenol, but often at a higher price, according to the lawsuit.
However, Infants' Tylenol includes a syringe to administer a safe dose of the liquid medicine to an infant, which Children's Tylenol does not include, making the two products different, Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. said.
The company denied that it deceived anyone, but agreed to pay up to $6.3 million to consumers who purchased the medicine from Oct. 3, 2014, to Jan. 6, 2020, to settle the lawsuit.
The company also agreed to clarify on the packaging of Infants' Tylenol that the medicine contains the same concentration of liquid acetaminophen as Children's Tylenol.
Can I get money?
Yes, you can receive payment if you:
Purchased Infants' Tylenol for personal or household use between Oct. 3, 2014, and Jan. 6, 2020.
Submit a claim form by April 13, 2020.
Submit only one claim form per household.
How big will my payment be?
If you submit proof of purchase, you can claim $2.15 for every one-ounce and two-ounce bottle of Infants' Tylenol you purchased. There is no limit.
If you do not have proof of purchase to submit, you can claim up to seven bottles, or $15.05.
What proof do I need?
If you make a claim without proof of purchase, your reimbursement is limited to seven bottles, or $15.05.
If you make a claim with proof of purchase, your claim will receive priority and the number of bottles you can claim is unlimited. You may submit receipts, rewards records, card records or other documents that indicate the product purchased, product size, date of purchase and quantity purchased.
How do I submit a claim?
You can file a claim online at: http://www.infantstylenolsettlement.com/media/2489651/v5_jhe_claim_121719_final.pdf or request a claim form by calling 866-458-2108.
When will I receive payment?
It could take a year or more, according to the settlement.
Visit the settlement website at http://www.infantstylenolsettlement.com/frequently-asked-questions.aspx or call 866-458-2108.
Got a problem? Azcentral.com can help
Have you been scammed? Do you have a complaint against a business or government agency? If you live in Arizona, Call For Action and The Arizona Republic/azcentral.com can investigate. We're #HeretoHelpAZ.
The team saved consumers more than $560,000 in 2019.
Fill out a form at http://heretohelpaz.azcentral.com, text HereToHelpAZ to 51555, or call 602-444-2255 from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. Tuesday through Friday to talk to a Call for Action volunteer.
Consumer reporter Rebekah L. Sanders investigates issues of fraud and abuse involving businesses, health-care entities and government agencies. Contact her at rsanders@azcentral.com or follow her on Twitter at @RebekahLSanders.
Support local journalism. Subscribe to azcentral.com today.


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The Scoop🇮🇹 Italy
🇮🇹 Måneskin score second UK Top 10 hit with "Beggin'"
"I Wanna Be Your Slave" moves up one place to #6
Tom RyanJune 25, 2021Last Updated: June 25, 2021
© Francis Delacroix
Following the success of both "I Wanna Be Your Slave" and "Zitti e buoni" in the UK charts, Eurovision winners Måneskin have now scored a second UK Top 10 hit with their cover of "Beggin'". This marks the group's fifth consecutive week of having at least one song in the UK Top 40.
"I Wanna Be Your Slave" has also moved up one place to number 6 in the charts. The song is now only one place away from entering the Top 5 – which is currently made up of songs by Olivia Rodrigo, KSI, The Weeknd, Doja Cat & SZA and Galantis, David Guetta & Little Mix. Further down the chart, their winning entry "Zitti e buoni" has also gone back up 6 places to number 51.
Double success in the charts
After becoming the first Eurovision winners since Céline Dion to get a non-Eurovision winning song to the UK top 10 last week, the success seems to be continuing for the Italian group. This week's chart placing in the UK means that their cover of The Four Seasons classic has now become a top 10 hit in 13 countries. In both the Czech Republic and Germany, the song has reached Number 1.
"I Wanna Be Your Slave" has also reached a new peak position of number 6 this week as the song moves into its fourth week in the Top 40.
The Official Charts Company have also noted on Twitter that 1974 winners and global pop sensations ABBA never scored two UK Top 10 singles in the same week, despite scoring 9 UK Number One singles throughout their time in the charts.
This is huge: Eurovision winners @thisismaneskin have TWO Top 10 singles in this week's Official Chart – not even @Eurovision champs ABBA have achieved that 🤯 ➡ https://t.co/XfPBHkfEqH pic.twitter.com/YtL0RfwVjb
— Official Charts (@officialcharts) June 25, 2021
Italy at the Eurovision Song Contest 2021
After winning Sanremo in March, Måneskin went on to represent Italy at Eurovision 2021 in Rotterdam with their song "Zitti e buoni". As a member of the Big Five, Italy didn't participate in the semi-finals and therefore only performed in the Grand Final.
After an exciting voting segment, Italy was announced as the winner with 524 points – their first win since Toto Cutugno in 1990. Scoring 206 points from the juries and a further 318 televoting points, Måneskin finished 25 points ahead of France's Barbara Pravi who finished as runner-up with 499 points.
You can relive their winning performance below:
Are you loving following Måneskin's success across Europe, especially in the UK? Do you think they can score a number 1 hit with either "I Wanna Be Your Slave" or "Beggin'"?
Let us know in the comments below and on social media @ESCXTRA.
Tom Ryan
After joining the team in 2018, I've been lucky enough to cover four Eurovision seasons and I'm excited to see what 2023 has in store for us! I'm a music enthusiast, but also enjoy learning - so you'll likely find me in a classroom or listening to the best new music!
Comments on 🇮🇹 Måneskin score second UK Top 10 hit with "Beggin'"
EU Ambassador calls for New Zealand Eurovision participation
Tom Dice of The Starlings lashes out at Eurosong jury
Sanremo 2023 line-up complete
Talks ongoing with more countries to join Junior Eurovision
&nbspOfficial Charts Company
&nbspFrancis Delacroix
63d9b77eb1e31
By Tom Ryan
Andrew Lambrou to represent Cyprus at Eurovision 2023
United Kingdom to return to Junior Eurovision in 2022
Belgium to hold national selection to select Eurovision 2023 entry
Ukraine to select Eurovision 2023 entry in December through Vidbir selection
Belgium confirm Eurovision 2023 participation


We're going crazy for Foil Frenzy! Unbelievable colour payoff in just one swipe! The intensity of these eyeshadows lies in its extraordinary formula, in which the pigment is poured, not pressed.
Each pan offers an gorgeous creamy texture that transforms into a silky powder for an incredible high-shine finish. From bronze to burgundy, plum to khaki, this kit is brimming with 15 rich shades that truly pack a punch.
Shades 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15: Mica, Dimethicone, Petrolatum, Dimethicone Crosspolymer, Ethylhexyl Palmitate, Isononyl Isononanoate, Cera Alba (Beeswax), Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil, Carthamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Seed Oil, Styrene/Butadiene Copolymer, Bis-Diglyceryl Polyacyladipate-1, Propylparaben, Bht. May Contain: CI 77891 (Titanium Dioxide), CI 77491 (Iron Oxides), CI 77492 (Iron Oxides), CI 77499 (Iron Oxides), CI 16035 (Red 40)].
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The almost other-worldly culture and way of life has lured many expats to Hong Kong, and with good reason. However, it can be a little daunting to know which area of Hong Kong to move to. Below is our guide to a few of the hot-spots of the region.
Pok Fu Lam is one of the most popular choices as a starting point for expats moving to Hong Kong because of its location, being within easy reach of the Central district where many financial and large companies are based. The area of Pok Fu Lam is on the Western side of the Southern district and offers unrivalled views of the South China Sea as well as the ever-popular Cyberport complex of shops, cinemas, eateries and a hotel. Within Pok Fu Lam there is a wide range of accommodation available to expats; from beautiful colonial houses to more contemporary and modern high-rise apartment blocks.
Ideal for convenient access to the nearby University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam is known for its quiet and green living environment. Indirectly connected to Pok Fu Lam is the affluent residential area known simply as the Mid-Levels.
The Mid-Levels area has one of the highest average living costs, but residents are happy to pay a little more money because of the improved air quality that comes from living that little bit further up, away from the pollution of the city centre. Despite this, it is still within easy reach of the Central district (which is accessible by the world's longest outdoor escalator), making it a popular area for expats with a slightly higher accommodation budget. It is also an ideal place to live for expats who like to spend time outdoors in their free time, with hiking trails up to the peak within easy reach.
Expats moving to the Mid-Levels of Hong Kong will be treated to lower pollution, easy access to Central and scenic hiking trails, but will need to pay out a little more for the privilege.
If you are looking for a more characterful way of life then you might want to consider living in Sheung Wan, which is located in the North-West of Hong Kong Island, situated between Central and Sai Ying Pun. Interestingly, Sheung Wan was one of the first British settlements in Hong Kong, giving it strong links to the old British empire. One of the very few drawbacks of living in Sheung Wan is the shortage of accommodation larger than one bedroom apartments, however these apartments are often in the beautiful and traditional Hong Kong style and sit perfectly next to boutique and old-established shops, cafes, open air food market stalls ('dais pai dongs') and traditional businesses.
Sheung Wan is not for those expats seeking the modern and contemporary way of life that many people think of when they consider moving to Hong Kong. However, for those looking for the traditional and more rustic way of live then Sheung Wan is certainly likely to appeal.
There are so many reasons to move to Hong Kong, from hiking trails to stunning scenery, a strong mix of traditional and modern and access to some of the world's largest companies, universities and financial institutions. For more details on the logistics of moving to Hong Kong, click here.


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Lebanon prepares for budget hearings
John Latimer
Lebanon City Council and Mayor Sherry Capello will begin the 2016 budget process next week when they sit down to hammer out a spending plan for the coming year.
Two budget hearings are scheduled, both of which are open to the public and will be held in City Council Chambers at the Lebanon Municipal Building. The first is scheduled for Thursday, Nov. 5, at 4:15 p.m. and the second for Monday, Nov. 9, at 6:30 p.m.
If history is any indicator, council will go line-by-line through the budget with the mayor, beginning with revenue expectations. The second meeting will resume where they left off, and will continue until the entire budget has been reviewed.
Council and the mayor will reconvene at a special meeting to introduce the 2016 budget on Thursday, Nov. 12, at 4:15 p.m., also in City Council Chambers. At that point, the budget will be on display for at least 10 days until it is goes to a final vote, most likely at council's regularly scheduled meeting on Monday, Nov. 23.
Last year, council approved a $12.2 million budget that used $856,000 in carryover funds and a 28 percent property tax hike to close a $1.6 million shortfall.
A mill raises about $800,000 in revenue for the city and is equivalent to $1 for every $1,000 of assessed property value. At the city's current millage rate, the owner of a home assessed at $120,000, which is about the city average, pays annual property taxes of $550.
When passing last year's budget, Capello could not promise that 2016 wouldn't bring another tax increase. But the mayor said she is hopeful one can be avoided.
"I'm going to be optimistic here, because I only have a few days before presenting the budget to council, and I'm not proposing a tax increase," she said.
That doesn't mean the city is in the clear, Capello said. Balancing the budget will once again involve dipping into the city's carryover fund, leaving little in reserve.
"My goal is some day to get away from doing that," she said.
One area that helped the city control its spending next year was an unanticipated reduction in its municipal pension obligation, Capello said.
"That really truly was significant in that most definitely helped to avoid a tax increase because of that decrease in that obligation," she said.
Operating a self-funded health benefits program also has helped keep a lid on spending, the mayor added.
"Because we are self-insured, we are doing pretty well in that area," she said. "In fact, we just audited the account to make sure we are funding it properly, and we are."


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"The God Kings" – A Boardgaming Way Review
Mitch Freedman December 6, 2015 0
The God Kings – A Review
By Mitch Freedman
Over my years of gaming, I have battled in just about every era imaginable, from the earliest stone age – that dratted Settlers of the Stone Age – to far future battles beyond the stars. Yeah, the dratted Settlers – Star Trek makes a nice bookend to my board gaming life.
And while I have found some pretty good games for just about every era – with the help of some rare gems out of the old S&T magazines – one epoch has always stayed in the background – the one that is easily labeled "ancients."
Most of my ancients games have been relatively simple – spears against chariots, fast-moving but weak slingers against slow-moving but very powerful massed troops. Throw in a river or a marsh and there you have it – a nice, simple beer and pretzels evening.
Now, with The God Kings, I have to revise decades of wise cracks about how simple it is to play ancients. That remark goes into the same graveyard as, well, "Napoleonic games are simple, just put all your soldiers into a line, or maybe a square, and march forward."
Here is an ancients game that is more than worth the effort to learn. It does a lot, and does it with flare. It follows the Egyptian armies and the Kings who led them from a simple introductory scenario – the Battle of Quadesh between Egypt and Hatti – to a monster campaign game that the designers say should take eight hours to play out.
The rule book says the introductory scenario can be played in just a half hour, but it took me a lot longer. And it took even longer the second time, because I missed a lot of the good stuff the first time around. There are a lot of wrinkles and quirks here, and what starts really simple soon becomes quite a ride.
There are cards to be dealt out, reinforcements to bring on, and a strategy phase with five rounds. Plus neutral armies to put into play, dead troops to bring back, victory points to calculate and the elusive hope that you will achieve that much-wanted Sudden Death Victory.
It's hard to say just when I realized that the waters had gotten really deep. Probably when I found out that Neutral army troops can be taken over and played by either side, but that the player who has control may just see another neutral force activated against them in the next round.
Or it could have been when I started to discard the cards. I really wanted to keep one. And the rules allow it. But, the rules also say you can only keep one of your cards every other turn. And who knows what the next hand will bring. Jam today or jam tomorrow?
Even some of the really simple stuff plays differently here. Usually, when I try to interdict an enemy unit, I either do it or I fail and it moves on. Here, when I saw an enemy unit trying to sneak past me, I failed to interdict but was able to try again – perfectly legally – in the next space.
There are no hexes on the board, just paths – call them roads or trails if you like – between hamlets. But, you can have two or three paths going in the same direction in parallel lines, or spinning up and back.
Then there are sieges, political control, diplomatic initiatives and the ever-popular barbarian invasions to deal with. And, oh yes, you should take a good close look at the Battle Table, a combat results chart that with modifiers allows you to roll anything from a -3 to a 10 on one six-sided die.
Those modifiers are really important. A combat strength of 7 can make the enemy lose anywhere from 0 to 9 strength points, while the most powerful army stack on the board – with a combat strength of 36 or more – will cause a loss of 8 to 28 strength points, depending on the modified roll.
Now overlay this with cards that can help or punish you, adding or subtracting die roll modifiers, bringing dead soldiers back to life or turning a draw into a victory when the God King enters the battle and you have a game that does a whole lot. It was a lot of fun, even if it took me twice that suggested half hour to get through the first scenario.
As you can tell, I am delighted with a lot of what has been put in The God Kings, but it takes some getting used to almost every turn.
Start with the map. The various kingdoms of the ancient world are laid out along the Mediterranean Sea, not to geographic scale but very handy for game purposes. Armies travel along paths, with cities and walled cities – as well as fortifications and tribal paths – marked with clear symbols.
But it's not a simple "push me-pull me" kind of game, with not much room to try and maneuver. There are lots of paths, and every village and city they link up has political control markers. You control a province when you have taken all of its walled cities and control a majority of its spaces.
The map also has choke points that can disrupt an army's advance, a problem that may not seem worth worrying about when you start to play. And, with each turn representing 25 years, there is the issue of royal succession. Wait long enough, and your poor military leader may just die and be replaced with someone much better. Or someone worse.
Finally, there is the matter of luck. Certainly there is a lot of chance built into the combat results table, but you have a lot of control when you roll a D-6 because of the modifiers. The results chart for that six-sided die runs from minus 3 to 10.
But, all of those things are just the prelude. The most important part is in the cards. More on that later.
The scenarios give an order of battle and tell you who goes first. There is no stacking limit – a player can put their entire army into just one of the little circles that mark territories. But, they can be attacked on the next combat initiative – there are four in a round – and the big divided army just beyond their reach on the first move could counter-attack and do real damage.
Or not. Your enemy might just have a card that cancels the battle.
Combat losses are taken in two steps by units. First they are turned over to their weaker side, and a weaker units die – only to come back as a reinforcement which can then be built up again.
It's not an easy game to play solitaire, since it's really hard to outthink yourself and you can't ever bluff. Still, the luck of the die roll and the play of the cards gives you something different to respond to every time the initiative changes sides.
As you can tell by now, this is really a nifty game to set up and play over a few weekends. Give a lot of credit to the cards. The designer calls them "the soul of the game."
The God Kings represent the conflicts in the ancient world, but the cards split those conflicts into two realms, gods and kings. Some of the kings are more powerful that others, some are almost pathetically weak. And, so it is with the gods.
it might better have been called Gods and Kings. The kings pick the armies and decide where they start and where they should go. They decide which armies to get reinforcements and which objectives to go after.
And they do it by making the all-important decision of which card to play, and how to play it. Naturally, each card has at least two options. One of those two options always lets you do one of seven different things, from activating a general or an army to trading for supply points.
The other option is to use the event described in the text. That's where the gods come in. Some of those events are immediate actions, such as canceling a revolt or making a king ill and temporarily removing his powers.
You always have seven cards in your hand at the start of each round. Which means a lot of choices.
I have to admit that the way I learned this game was by taking little baby steps. I held a siege. I moved an army. I watched what happened when I tried to use a neutral army to help me. And, nasty me, I used an action card to stop that activation.
So many choices. So many cards. So many options to explore on the colorful board of the ancient world around the Mediterranean Sea.
Control of the situation can be elusive. You have to plan for the long haul, and be able to survive a strike against you at every turn. You can even seem all-powerful and almost lose it all. It's a challenge, and it's never boring.
Just remember, no one ever said it was easy being a God King.
Game Resources:
The God Kings Battle Resolution Table – Version 2
The God Kings Faq:
TAGS » Ancients, Compass Games, featured, Point-To-Point, Wargame
POSTED IN » War Games
About the author: Mitch Freedman View all posts by Mitch Freedman


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10 gadgets you should not buy in 2013
deadman121|3219d ago |Opinion piece|8|
Gadget Mill: We are currently in the first quarter of 2013 and have seen a lot of new gadgets released already and available for sale. Yet we are still expecting plenty more gadgets to come; some of which are unproven, wacky and some simply downright bizarre. As money is becoming tight and the economic climate very mysterious we decided what better way to save your money than to create a list of gadgets you should stay clear of in 2013!
Do not use this tag (gAmInG) Gadgets Phones Services gadgetmill.co.uk
gadgetmill.co.uk
deadman1213219d ago
So what do you guys think of the list?
Yi-Long3218d ago
... but I disagree about OUYA.
I'm not saying it's going to be great, cause I don't know how it will pan out.
I AM saying it has a HUGE potential.
First of all, it's obviously not meant to compete with current-gen or next-gen consoles. It's something completely different.
It CAN compete with XBLA/PSN games, and THAT'S the huge appeal to me. I love 2D platformers. I love top-down racers. Those games which were awesome back in the day, and which you now see scoring high as downloadable titles on current-gen consoles. Think Super Meat Boy. Think Spelunky. Think Motorstorm RC. Etc etc.
There are already games for Android that I would absolutely LOVE to play in HD on a big-screen TV with a normal controller, like Reckless Racing 2, or Machinarium.
But let's say it will fail as a gaming console. There might be a lack of support from developers (I doubt it), or the hardware isn't decent enough, or it's just a marketing problem, or whatever. Lets say it fails.
Then you've still got an absolutely AWESOME mediacenter, with XBMC or whatever else you might want to use.
And obviously, it will also play emulators, so I'll be able to replay all my old favourites from the Megadrive, Amiga, Arcade, whatever. It won't be powerful enough for emulating newer systems, but I'd love to just play The Firemen or Chrono Trigger again.
Yes, you can do all that on a PC as well, but for many people the PC is still not used in the living room, and this is a sexy, small and affordable alternative.
It's an entertainment-box. And it's small enough you can just take it anywhere as well, to hook it up at a friend's house, or just to another room.
The only thing about that OUYA that I'm skeptical about, is that they said they would release a newer version every year.
I totally see your point; I was skeptical to whether to include it in the list or not which is why it made 'Gadget number 10'.
It has potential but I am slightly confused to how it will pan out when it is using a market place that contains a lot of games specifically for the touch screen market.
I'm guessing some developers will adapt their games to work with a controller, but some games are purely touch screen based which makes the concept for me slightly confusing.
Lets just wait and see how it goes, if it does work though I'm sure Android will get a huge boost in terms of support from developers in general.
Speed-Racer3218d ago
4G? So, what am I supposed to use then? Do you mean stick with an alternative like HSPA+ for low 4G/regular 3G speeds?
In the UK where EE has a monopoly on 4G technology at the moment not USA buddy.
Speed-Racer3218d ago (Edited 3218d ago )
What are the alternate mobile data technologies? 3G? EDGE?
Edit - Ok did a quick search for O2 and Orange, and there is 3G... which is not bad in my opinion. I've never been one who was picky about blazing speeds on my phone.
krazykombatant3218d ago
Orange is EE Racer-X O2 and the others are planning on implementing the 4G but later in the year not yet.
Leet, thanks. ;)
Galax NVIDIA GeForce RTX 20 Series Gaming Graphics Cards | ESPORTS4G
Articlehardware.esports4g.com
At CES 2022, Nvidia unveils $250 GeForce RTX 3050
BlackBerry will stop supporting BlackBerryOS phones on January 4


Nick Foligno sent the text message on Sunday to his family members , promising an enjoyable evening of experiencing and watching the NHL playoffs.
ST. PAUL, Minn. — Nick Foligno sent the text message on Sunday to his family members , promising an enjoyable evening of experiencing and watching the NHL playoffs.
"This is going to be a big night for the Folignos," he tapped out on his smartphone.
Make it a big week, actually.
For the first time in the seven years they've been in the league together, both Foligno brothers are skating in the post-season. Marcus Foligno is getting his first taste, with the Minnesota Wild. Nick Foligno has returned for a third appearance with the Columbus Blue Jackets and his sixth overall.
Their even-more-famous father, Mike Foligno, is having a blast as the unpaid consultant, proud pop and unabashed fan.
"He's got no voice. He was yelling at the TV last night," Marcus said Monday, the day after he scored for the Wild in their win over Winnipeg in Game 3. "With him playing, I think he still gets that energy, gets that adrenaline pumping, when he sees us play."
Mike scored 247 times over 15 seasons in the NHL, making his mark during a full decade with Buffalo when he celebrated goals with a signature two-legged leap straight up in the air from the ice . Marcus started his career there, too, in 2011 before the Sabres traded him to Minnesota last summer . Nick debuted in 2007 with the Ottawa Senators until being dealt to Columbus in 2012.
"We're trying to do something special here as a family," Nick said after the Blue Jackets beat Washington in Game 2, "and it's been pretty cool."
They're dearly missing a critical member of the clan.
Janis Foligno, the mother to Nick and Marcus and their two sisters , died in 2009 of breast cancer. The boys have kept her memory alive through their performance on the ice and their philanthropy off it, with a foundation in her name created to fight the disease and support cancer victims. Nick and his wife also donated $1 million to children's hospitals in Columbus and Boston, where their now-4-year-old daughter had a congenital heart defect repaired.
So they play on for a greater purpose, with Mike keeping a keen eye on the boys.
"There are always things to do better. He sees it. He watches the game. He scouted for a long time, and he coached for a long time in the league," Marcus said. "He just knows how we're capable of playing, and that's the biggest thing. He wants us to be the best players out there and be the best role players for our team."
Nick has long had the more prominent role, as a first-round draft pick and now the captain of the Blue Jackets whose profile in the community includes pizza commercials and charitable endeavours. His 33 points was his lowest total in five seasons, and he missed time with a lower-body injury, but the 30-year-old's versatility to play centre or either wing spot on any of the first three lines has been ever valuable to coach John Tortorella.
Marcus has been more of a niche player. He had a career-high 13 goals and a career-most 80 games for the Sabres last season, but after arriving in Minnesota in a trade last summer his adjustment at age 26 to a deeper team and a lesser role took several months. It included some healthy scratches.
"We all want to score 30 goals and be impactful," coach Bruce Boudreau said, "but he's got a four-year deal so in time he'll get into that situation."
The Wild trail the Jets 3-1 entering Game 5 on Friday, but their trouble has mostly been an unproductive series by some of their skilled forwards playing more minutes. Playing on the fourth line with Daniel Winnik and Joel Eriksson Ek, Marcus has found a groove down the stretch of the regular season and into the playoffs.
"Whether it's 10 or 12 minutes, he gets out there, he plays really hard, and he's been very effective," Boudreau said.
Which brings us back to that Sunday prediction of a big night for the Foligno boys.
Marcus became a major figure in Game 3 for the Wild with a goal and his collision at the boards with Jets defenceman Tyler Myers that knocked his former Sabres teammate out of the game with a lower-body injury.
Nick and the Blue Jackets, who lead their series 2-1 entering Game 4 on Thursday, won in overtime about an hour later. Nick was sorry to have missed the goal by Marcus, but he was elated to hear his proclamation came true.
The brothers communicate almost daily, providing tips for each other along with standard pick-me-ups and sibling ribbing. After Nick took a puck to the face in Game 1, Marcus teased him by reminding him that goalie Sergei Bobrovsky was the one paid to get in the way of the pucks.
"You don't realize how special it is, but I raced back after dinner to watch your brother play in the playoffs," Nick said. "It's a pretty cool feeling."
AP Hockey Writer Stephen Whyno in Washington and AP Sports Writer Mitch Stacy in Columbus, Ohio, contributed to this report.


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Home Igaming Bragg Gaming Group acquires Wild Streak Gaming in $30m deal
Bragg Gaming Group acquires Wild Streak Gaming in $30m deal
Global B2B igaming technology and content provider Bragg Gaming Group has acquired Wild Streak Gaming, a Las Vegas-based content creation studio with a portfolio of 39 premium casino slot titles supported across online and land-based applications.
The firm has signed a purchase agreement to acquire all of the outstanding membership interests of Wild Streak in a cash and stock transaction for a purchase price of approximately $30m.
Pursuant to the transaction, which closed simultaneously with the signing of the purchase agreement, the sellers of Wild Streak received $10m in cash at closing and will receive $20m worth of common shares of Bragg over the next three years, subject to acceleration in the event of a change of control.
Together with the pending acquisition of Spin Games, announced on May 12, 2021, the deal serves to advance Bragg's acquisition strategy by increasing its ability to distribute and develop online casino content to the US market in-house.
Under the terms of the deal, Bragg will gain access to a library of 39 premium casino content titles, including several top performing land-based titles, and a robust suite of intellectual property and know-how including game designs, mathematic works, advance game mechanics and features that are specifically tailored for US markets.
Wild Streak's design team comprises experienced mathematical and creative minds from the casino gaming industry and includes Founder and CEO Doug Fallon, a renowned land-based slot designer with over 20 years of industry experience.
Effective at closing of the transaction, Fallon will join Bragg as Managing Director of Group Content and will play a key role in leading the firm through its US content creation strategy. He will also collaborate closely with the company's European development staff to facilitate the cross-selling and repackaging of Bragg's proprietary European content for US operators.
Upon the completion of the Spin and Wild Streak transactions, Bragg said it will have successfully executed on its strategy of acquiring the essential resources and technology assets required to become a tier one vertically integrated B2B igaming business operating in US and Canadian markets.
Bragg's consolidated operations will comprise an enhanced full turnkey igaming, content delivery and player engagement platform with integrations into the majority of the tier one operators across both US and European markets.
It will also feature a robust in-house content development function with localized market expertise that will allow the company to expand its proprietary content offering.
Bragg CEO Richard Carter commented: "In an industry where premium content is king, Doug and his team have built up an enviable track record of developing leading premium casino slot content for both the land-based and online casino industry.
"We look forward to integrating this know-how into Bragg's overall offering and significantly expanding the company's higher margin proprietary in-house casino slot content capabilities.
"We expect this transaction to be materially enhancing to both revenue and EBITDA in the first full year of ownership, as well as strategically compelling given Wild Steak brings a wealth of US market casino games insights into the group, including valuable game designs, advanced game mechanics and features that are specifically tailored for and proven in the US market."
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Tag Archives: #BookReview: The Loyal Heart | Facebook Chat Party
#BookReview: The Loyal Heart | Facebook Chat Party
The Loyal Heart by Shelley Shepard Gray
Purchase a copy: http://bit.ly/2ae3eOX
Robert came to Galveston to fulfill his promise to a dying man and look after his widow. He didn't expect to find love in the unlikeliest of places.
Robert Truax, former Second Lieutenant and Confederate officer in the Civil War, made a promise to his comrade Phillip Markham. If anything happened to Phillip, Robert would look after his beloved wife, Miranda. She was his life, his world, his everything.
After the war, Robert is left to pick up the pieces and fulfill his pact. When he arrives at Miranda's home in Galveston, Texas, things are worse than he imagined. Phillip's name has been dragged through the mud, everyone in town believes him to be a traitor, and his widow is treated as an outcast. Even more disturbing is her emotional well-being. Miranda seems hopeless, lost, and so very alone.
Robert had thought his duty would be simple. He would help Miranda as quickly as possible in order to honor a promise. But the moment Robert laid eyes on her, his plans changed. He's mesmerized by her beauty and yearns to help her in any way he can.
He makes it his duty to protect Miranda, turn her reputation around, and to find some way to help her smile again. But it doesn't prove to be an easy task—Robert knows something about Phillip that could shake Miranda to the core and alter her view of the man she thought she knew so well.
The Loyal Heart is a compelling story! Shelley Shepard Gray sweeps readers away to the post-Civil War era, where Galveston provides a wonderful backdrop for this historical Texas tale. Robert Truax is a dashing hero and staunch protector of his fallen comrade's wife, Miranda Markam. Their story, steeped in mystery and laced with romance, intrigued me from the first page until the last. I thoroughly enjoyed The Loyal Heart and am eager to continue the Lone Star Hero series!
Join Shelley on her Facbook page for a special chat party, TOMORROW, July 20th at 7:00 pm Eastern.
Shelley Shepard Gray is a New York Times and USA Today bestselling author, a finalist for the American Christian Fiction Writers prestigious Carol Award, and a two-time HOLT Medallion winner. She lives in southern Ohio, where she writes full-time, bakes too much, and can often be found walking her dachshunds on her town's bike trail.
Connect with Shelley:
Website | Twitter | Facebook | Pinterest
I received a complimentary copy of this book in exchange for an unbiased review. All thoughts expressed are my own.
Tags: #BookReview: The Loyal Heart | Facebook Chat Party, Author chat, Buzzing About Books, Facebook Party, Historical Fiction, Inspirational fiction, Lone Star Hero, Love story, Romance, Shelley Shepard Gray, Texas, The Loyal Heart
Categories Books, Reviews


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Why do they need to lie?
In my Introduction to this subject I wrote of ITV News's series of articles which purported to show how man-made global warming was already having a devastating effect on both humans and wildlife. I suggested these were lies. So before they sue me, I had better explain why I wrote that and, to do so, I'll explain these in detail.
Sea levels and the Carteret Islands
I wondered: if the sea water were as high in the Carteret Islands as ITV and the Carteret Islanders made out, what had really happened?
The answer wasn't difficult to find. What had really happened was this. The Carteret Islands are part of Papua New Guinea, not far from the capital, Bougainville. In the 1990s there had been a civil war in Papua New Guinea and many of the inhabitants of Bougainville had fled to the Carteret Islands to avoid the bloodshed. This, of course, had massively inflated the islands' population and that increased population had to be fed.
The Carteret Islands lie within an almost circular reef about 30 miles in diameter. The islanders thrive by fishing within the lagoon. But with so many more mouths to feed the fish stocks were insufficient. So, what the islanders did, apparently, was dynamite their reef to allow more fish in. But this also allowed the big Pacific rollers in – and they were washing the islands away. The sea level wasn't rising; the Carteret Islands were sinking.
And this was known at the time. Fred Terry, the director of the United Nations Development Project on Bougainville, had already pointed out that the destruction of reefs in the Carterets with dynamite might be the cause of flooding on the Carteret Islands. 'During the Bougainville conflict people went to the atolls to get away from the conflict,' Mr Terry said.1 'The islanders had all these extra mouths to feed and needed more fish. They have a history as reef destroyers.'
So, yes, the inundation of the Carteret Islands was caused by man, but it had nothing whatever to do with global warming.
1. Greg Roberts. Islanders face rising seas with nowhere to go. Sydney Morning Herald, 30 March 2002.


Legend is an english sailboat name. Meaning "majestic, stately".
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Dropbox began as a consumer-focused service, but as anyone who works with digital files knows, it has been adopted by businesses — both large and small — en masse. After dabbling with business-focused features for a while, Dropbox is now officially launching Dropbox for Business, with tools designed to make the service as convenient as possible for IT managers.
Dropbox for Business is really the rechristened Dropbox for Teams, which the company launched back in 2011. That service costs $795 a year for 1TB of storage and includes live support as well as many team-management tools. With Dropbox for Business, the service is getting single sign-on (SSO).
With SSO, IT managers will be able to let their company's employees sign into Dropbox with the same login info they use for all company services. It also means easier management of those with access to Dropbox folders, since SSO will be tied to active directory integration. If a company deletes someone from their main directory, that change will automatically be reflected in Dropbox.
"Opportunities have opened up to work with larger and larger businesses," says Dropbox vice president of business development Sujay Jaswa. "Based on our conversations with these customers, the most requested feature was single sign-on."
For the new service, Dropbox has partnered with several sign-on identity providers, namely Ping Identity, Okta, OneLogin, Centrify and Symplified. Dropbox's SSO uses Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML), an industry standard.
"Most businesses tend to already have an existing identity provider," says Dropbox for Business manager Anand Subramani. "From the admin perspective, if you set this up correctly, the user may actually never even have to log into Dropbox. We can securely pass your credentials from your PC to Dropbox."
Besides adding an IT-friendly feature (at no extra cost), Dropbox for Business also represents the company unquestionably entering the enterprise market, going head-to-head with others in the space such as Box.net.
"SSO using SAML is clearly an enterprise feature," says Jaswa. "But our customers now range all the way from small businesses to divisions of large companies, and several large companies are talking to us about much larger deployments, and we wanted to come up a name that adequately reflected our customer base."
Will your business consider using Dropbox now that it has single sign-on? Let us know in the comments.


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Q: NPN optocoupler I have made a circuit but I fail to interface optocoupler with preamplifier can any one help to troubleshoot,when I disconnect preamplifier the output from the AC Voltmeter is 0.5 Volts but when I Connect preamplifier to the optocoupler the output voltage is 0 volts.

A: Remove the led connected in parallel with the optocoupler (unless it serves a purpose there) and connect the cathode of the opto-diode to the ground.

simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab


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If you're confused by all this speak of 1 gang, 4 gang and more… check out our guide light switches explained and find out the difference between them as well as when to use 1 way, 2 way and intermediate switches.


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The 28 Conundrum
Last week, I found out what date this summer my ten-year high school reunion will happen. This has been the catalyst to something of a mini crisis. I've found myself asking in the last couple of days how I ended up on the path I did, and why it feels so far away from everyone else. A couple of my high school friends I'm still in touch with told me that the Facebook page dedicated to my reunion features photos people are posting of their families. I currently live in a shitty apartment in Brooklyn that recently endured a bed bug apocalypse.
If I walked into my high school reunion right now, I might sound fancy talking about working as a publicist at a Manhattan publishing house, but the day-to-day realities of living here are so far away from the glossy idea people have of New York. When you grow up in a small town and you leave it, you can't help but wonder what made you so different from those who stayed. Nobody is better than the other, but something different inside you made you choose the path that stretched far and wide in another direction.
This week I also turn 28, an unremarkable year in this muddied second half of my twenties. It's not 30 or 25 of even 21, so many ages in this time of my life that hold significance to so many people. It's another year ticked away, no better or worse than 27 or 29. About a year-and-a-half back, as I pondered moving across country to New York and my good friend considered applying to MFA programs, we made a joke deal with each other that we would give up this writing life if nothing happened by 30. We weren't serious–we've been in love with language and storytelling since we were in elementary school–but there was a painful undercurrent of uncertainty running through our laughter as we compared ourselves to musicians/bartenders who never realize when to retire the band.
At what age do we stop?
High school literary magazine staff. I'm the second from the left in the front row.
Should I be farther along or is there even a standard by which to judge myself? As a writer, I ask myself this a lot, as I imagine artists of any kind do who attempt to make a career out of their art. Sometimes I wish someone would answer these questions for me, tell me to give up and grow up or else sacrifice everything and entirely pursue my dream. I'm not sure what the in-between is or whether it's possible.
"We're only here for a short while. And I think it's such a lucky accident, having been born, that we're almost obliged to pay attention. In some ways, this is getting far afield. I mean, we are — as far as we know — the only part of the universe that's self-conscious. We could even be the universe's form of consciousness. We might have come along so that the universe could look at itself. I don't know that, but we're made of the same stuff that stars are made of, or that floats around in space. But we're combined in such a way that we can describe what it's like to be alive, to be witnesses. Most of our experience is that of being a witness. We see and hear and smell other things. I think being alive is responding."–Mark Strand
Poet Mark Strand's words resonate with me this week. Even as I feel lost in a confusing time, I'm reminded that as I bear witness to everything around me–from hot, steamed-up subways congested with people in heavy winter coats to the neighbor across the hall who smokes cigarettes in the tiny space between our front doors–I want to respond to it. I want to tell these stories. I don't know where this storytelling will get me or how it will compare to my former classmates' spouses and babies, but I do know it's what fulfills me. I wish I had a few more answers than questions, or that by 28 all will be revealed.
Today, I had a phone call with one of my best friends from college where I talked about these same issues that trouble me. He told me I should turn this time into something I can laugh about. He also told me I should consider getting a therapist. It looks like I've got two new goals for 28.
Dreams, Growing Up, High School Reunion, Mark Strand
ink2horn
The clue is not to stop. Keep plugging away and realise writing is something you will be doing until you can't do it any more. Observe, write and learn. That's it I'm afraid. Forget the rest and enjoy:)
Thanks! It's funny how even when I feel absolutely downtrodden about writing, I still want to write. Writing is a fickle lover.


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Poll: Americans generally skeptical of political ads
(CNN) - Despite the hundreds of millions of dollars spent on political ads this past election, many Americans say they're skeptical of some or all of the spots meant to sway their votes, according to a new poll.
Nearly half of independent voters and 37% of voters overall said they are unlikely to believe any political ads, whether the spot is produced by campaigns or the super PACs who spent heavily for and against the candidates.
- Follow the Ticker on Twitter: @PoliticalTicker
But the Clarus Research Group poll conducted earlier this month found 36% of voters were more inclined to believe a candidate's ad over a super PAC ad.
"Hundreds of millions of dollars in the 2012 elections were spent on ads by Super PACs and other political action committees," the group's president, Ron Faucheux, said in announcing the results. "This survey provides empirical evidence that candidate ads get more bang-for-the-buck than ads sponsored by super PACs and other committees."
Just under two in ten – 19% - said they were more likely to believe a spot produced by a political committee than a campaign.
Along partisan lines, the survey found Republicans were more likely than Democrats to say they don't believe any political ads. Four in ten Republicans were distrustful of the spots produced by either campaigns or committees, while 27% of Democrats did not trust any ads.
The poll included 1,000 people reached by phone who identified themselves as registered voters. The calls were made between December 5 and 7 and the poll had a sampling error of plus or minus 2.95 percent.
Filed under: Ads • Poll
People can say they're skeptical all they want. It doesn't matter. For the vast majority of the uninformed voters, once they let the commercials message enter you brain, it's going to influence them in some way down the road. There is no real structured ideas in their brains that can counter the simplistic messages in these ads. When they leave the polling booth, the reasons they say they voted for one side or the other can be traced right back to an ad or ads they watched.
December 21, 2012 04:13 pm at 4:13 pm |
Name lynn
people say what they want when it comes these i dont agree with alot of ads they are worthless and all about lies pointing fingers at each other ads i dont care for them its a waste of money


When writing your thesis, it can be easily overwhelming. If you are looking for things you need to keep in mind for preparing your defence, then keep reading. Most students do not know what makes a defence successful and how they should prepare. Each person's will be unique to them, and only as good as you work for it. It is impossible to fully anticipate every question the committee will have, but as long as you are confident in your work, you will do fine.
Here are ten ways you can make your defence the best you can. Following these steps will set you ahead of the other PhD students.
Don't underestimate how long it will take to go through each slide. When you make the slides, be sure to practice the order and your wording enough times. You do not have to completely memorize it, but you should know it very well.
The single thing you can do to have the most impact is to listen to the recordings of other students' defence talks. You could get a copy of some from your professor from past years in your industry.
Get your friends to ask you questions. Even if your roommate or friend is not a PhD student, if they have been around while you were writing yours, they should be familiar with your work.
Read over your whole thesis and write a list of your own questions to ask yourself.
Escape distractions! Have the mindset that you will succeed and give a good impression to the audience. If you are distraction-free when preparing, and do not let aspects of the room or the committee worry you, you will be great.
Get a good sleep the night before! Take care of yourself.
Stay relaxed: there's no need to stress yourself out unnecessarily and lose your cool.
Leave thoughts about the after-party until after your defence is over. It will be too distracting during your presentation to think about the celebration.
Structure your thoughts in a logical way. You need to have the order for your slides match up with the order of the chapters in your dissertation. If you do this, the committee can follow along.
Lastly, visualize a successful presentation, and think about how good you will feel when it's done!


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Home Tags Posts tagged with "Photographer"
Art + CulturePhotographers
written by Howard Nedrick, Jr
CA: Who is King Texas?
I am a guy who likes to have fun, loves his mother, takes photographs, loves film (medium format), and loves building connections with people. I've also switched from whiskey to tequila.
CA: How did you get into photography?
I started actively taking photographs after I dropped out of college. I stumbled onto the punk/hardcore scene at CBGB and took 35mm photographs of some bands I knew. I also was a part of a band and went on the road. After CBGB closed, I entered the nightlife scene in Manhattan and Brooklyn. I was a part of a media team, The New Pop. I worked with two amazing artists, TreVZ and TONE. We covered a lot of ground together. I started to photograph Sway (SoHo) with my friend and mentor, TONE, and produced a lot of work in that space. Later on, I curated some events at Sway. I photographed Happy Endings where A.L.I.E.N. was producing events and I also produced an event with them. It was a really great time. I had the pleasure of working with a lot of amazing individuals. The list is really long. The experiences that I had in multiple DIY scenes definitely helped shape the person and artist I am today.
CA: There is something powerful about the portraits you have in your portfolio. What makes you decide someone would be great to shoot? Are these impromptu or planned?
I don't really have any opposition to who I photograph. The decision is up to the person. I actually want to photograph everyone. I really try my best to make my experiences as open and expansive as possible. I have no limits when it comes to people. It's really weird when I see the same people over and over again in people's portfolio's, but everyone works differently. Most of my shoots are never planned unless I am working on a specific project. I can ask a friend to meet me so we can grab some coffee and catch up and I'll end up taking pictures.
CA: You have subjects from all walks of life especially those of the LGBTQ community. How important is it to showcase these individuals in photography?
Portraiture is a collaborative experience, at least in my work. To be able to connect with kin/community and document these connections has and always will be a great importance. It collectively allows us to showcase our narratives and support one another in our endeavors. It's also important to create a visual archive of our existence. I've photographed activists, artists, writers, and a bunch of folks who are doing amazing things. The violence and oppression against Black queer, gender non-conforming, non-binary, and trans-identified folks, especially Black Trans women is heartbreaking. I know that there is a question after this about being (solely) Black feeling like a "battle", but there is oppression against those are don't fit within the gender binary, fighting everyday to keep going when the systems that be are creating laws that are meant to kill you. It's so deep. So, to have folks be a part of the work that I create and to be a part of the work they are creating is beyond significant.
CA: I see some recurring faces as I start from the beginning of your work to the present. Do you have a team of people you work with on a regular basis? If so, does the group have a name?
I'm not a part of a collective, but I do have some individuals that I work with more often than others. It really depends on where we are creatively. I'm always down to work with people who have amazing ideas and energy. I'm always down to work with people who push me to create something completely new. Two of my favorite brothers to work with is MoRuf and Rob Lewis. We started working together in 2014 for his first LP, Shades of Moo. We got to collaborate again for "Loosies" which just came out. We work very well together and I have the upmost respect for them.
CA: As a born and raised New Yorker, how does it feel recording the stories of the residents of this city?
It is really awesome and surprising that I've been able to continue to live and work here. I say that, because the city is changing so much and in some ways, not for the better. I'm very happy that I've been able to build, connect, and document people and their journeys. There is nothing more important to me than that. And, no matter how much this landscape changes, I will continue to build work and moments in New York.
CA: At a time that being black seems to be a fight to live, how do you feel your images make being black so beautiful and positive?
The beautiful thing about many people creating work is there are so many narratives to tell. I don't strive to create portrait work outside of what people are feeling. I create work that showcases Black people who are joyous, sad, depressed, ecstatic, on their way to work, on their way to the club, on their way to the bodega, on their way to run their business, and so on. We are multifaceted and it's so difficult for people to see Black folks as human beings. We are beautiful no matter how we feel and where we are in this life. I want people to look at portraits that I take of them and wake up in the morning with more power and confidence.
CA: What are your three goals for the rest of the year when it comes to your craft?
I just want to continue to take pictures, be surrounded by love, build community, and travel.
CA: How do you want your work/portfolio to be remembered for?
If I am fortunate, I want people to feel like they were loved and heard when I took their picture.
Follow King Texas on IG, twitter, tumblr, and his website.
Photographer Profile: King Texas was last modified: August 20th, 2016 by Howard Nedrick, Jr
CA: What does INVTBL stand for?
INVTBL: It stands for "Inevitable". It comes from my chest tattoo that reads " Inevitable Pain Optional Suffering" to remind me not to dwell on the things that may hold me back.
CA: Tell us how you picked up the camera and started taking pictures?
INVTBL: I always had social anxiety growing up so, as sad as it sounds, I could only be involved in hobbies that didn't require me to socialize. Going out by myself taking pictures made the most sense and I got my first camera at 14 as a Christmas gift.
CA: Describe the process it took for you to get to your current level in your photography?
INVTBL: The first few years of shooting were just something to get me out of the house. I would take the typical pictures of plants or cool graffiti around the neighborhood and things like that. I didn't start taking it seriously until I started to get compliments and would see my work reposted on other blogs. That got me interested in checking out the "top dogs" in the field so of course now I'm spending all day on Photoshop trying to be at that level. This turned me into a bit of a perfectionist to the point that I edit each shot at least 10 times and still go back to make small tweaks.
CA: You seem to take a lot of landscape photos. What makes that your preferred type of shooting?
INVTBL: The old saying "the journey is the destination" is only true when I shoot landscape photos. I shoot portraits from time to time and don't enjoy the process nearly as much. When I'm out all night shooting during a lightning storm or walking through the hills I can go hours without taking a single picture because I catch myself taking it all in and truly living in the moment. I like to look at the pictures that come from it as a memory.
CA: Is there such thing as a perfect picture?
INVTBL: I think if you look for "perfect" in the quality of the picture you're doing it wrong. Having an emotional connection can mean the slight imperfections in the corner of a photo can bring out that emotion. Like I said earlier, I use my pictures as something to relive that moment. If my picture perfectly recreates that emotion then it's hard to get more perfect than an exact replica.
CA: Do you have any photographers you look up too at all? Anyone who inspires you?
INVTBL: Benjamin Hardman might be living the life I'm working towards. From his Snapchat, it seems as though he knows where every great view is around the world and he's gotten the job done through some pretty crazy weather, which I really respect. I also follow Fursty from up in Oregon. There's almost a calming mood you get just from the colors in his shots. There are plenty of people whose work I follow but those two
are the ones that come to mind.
CA: If you could shoot in three places across the world, where would they be?
INVTBL: Norway is easily top on my list. Just drop me off anywhere across the country and I'm sure I'll be in awe. Second has to be Yosemite National Park. I've seen thousands of pictures of the park but a video a friend of mine showed me from his cabin during the winter has me hooked. That's definitely a road trip coming up soon. Third would be shooting in the middle of the ocean. If I have the choice of not being near sharks I'll take that choice but I know eventually I need to face my fears and I'm sure the experience will make it worth it.
CA: What do you want to achieve before your career is over?
INVTBL: If I can travel the world, meet people and learn something new everywhere I go, I feel as though I used my camera to live life the way I wanted to live it. It's that simple for me.
To keep up with INVTBL, follow him on Instagram and his tumblr.
Photographer Profile: INVTBL was last modified: July 20th, 2016 by Howard Nedrick, Jr
Art + CulturePhotograph of the Week
Photograph from Laura Knapp and her website
Photograph of the Week was last modified: April 7th, 2016 by Howard Nedrick, Jr
Photograph from Kameron Richie (@field_sculpture) and his website
Photographer Profile: Dara Oke
CA: What made you get into photography?
DO: I got into photography when I was pretty young, around the age of 13. I was pretty good with Photoshop and started out taking photos of my friends and then editing them. I got my first DSLR about a year later and things just went from there. Photography and design have become mediums through which I can express myself and my creativity. There's nothing quite like the feeling of getting the perfect shot.
CA: How does photography make you see the world differently?
DO: I think I see people and situations differently if anything. Photography has allowed me to see even the smallest, and seemingly insignificant elements that make our world beautiful.
CA: What is the perfect picture to you?
DO: I think there are so many variations of the perfect picture. A perfect picture to me usually occurs when photography elements like lighting and framing reinforce the human expression. A perfect picture makes you feel.
CA: What helps you get in the mindset to shoot something?
DO: It depends on the shoot, but I can usually draw inspiration from many different things, especially music.
CA: How long have you been doing photography?
DO: Around 7 years
CA: Do you have a favorite moment with working with your camera?
DO: I was doing a shoot with a gentleman and we were downtown in a crowded area. We were taking pictures and it led to conversation with people around us wanting to talk. It led to a conversation on creativity and life. Although that is not directly related to photography, I think photography has helped me connect with people in ways that I might not have been able to without.
CA: Nikon or Canon?
DO: I use Canon. To me, it doesn't matter. Honestly, people can do dope things with an iPhone.
CA: What are your interest outside of photography?
DO: I'm a programmer, designer, and lifestyle blogger!
CA: Internships at Intel, Twitter, and Microsoft. What did you learn from this major corporations and did they make you grow as a person?
DO: When I was in Intel, I was really young. I just finished freshman year in college and I didn't know much about my major yet. I am so glad they gave me the opportunity. I just finished freshman year in college and even though I didn't know much, I gained so much from the opportunity. Intel helped me learn what to expect from the corporate environment. It truly helped build character. Microsoft and Twitter helped me grow in my craft, I was able to work on high-impact products and features that affect millions of people. Both companies challenged me to the core and helped me to be more confident in my skills.
DO: I'm not sure on this one, because my work and style is ever changing and evolving. I guess only time will tell what my work is remembered for.
CA: What got you into graphic design and programming?
DO: It all started with Neopets actually, which I feel it got a lot of people into graphic design/programming. Recently I was at a dinner with five programmers and they surprisingly said Neopets was how they got started as well. For me, shops and guilds was my focal point. I started running my own guilds and making the layouts using Photoshop. I have to say, my first few layouts were ridiculously tacky but they eventually got better. People used to have these graphic design resource sites where you could get photoshop brushes and guild templates. So I started one, creating resources that others could download and use. In a nutshell, that is the surprising story of how I got into design and programming. Once that Neopets phase was over, I started doing freelance design for small business and organizations, and the rest is history.
CA: What is the best advice you can give someone with a strong desire to do photography/graphic design/programming?
DO: As cliche as it is, practice really does make perfect. The more you shoot, the better you'll be. The more you code, the better you'll be. And so on. I think people are always waiting for the right time, or formal education, or whatever their excuses might be. Just start, dedicate hours to your craft, and see where it takes you.
Follow Dara on IG @lovedarbie and her photography website
Photographer Profile: Dara Oke was last modified: April 8th, 2016 by Howard Nedrick, Jr
Photograph from Presley Lentille (@presleylentille) and their website
Photograph from Simone Yhap (@caramelgoddessxo) on IG and her website
Cove Alpa – Photograph of the Week was last modified: March 24th, 2016 by Howard Nedrick, Jr
Photographer Profile: Paola Castillo b.k.a Cas.tle
CA: How do you get the name Castle?
PC:My old instagram got reported and deleted which made me have to choose a new username. I decided to use my last name (Castillo) as my instagram name. In Spanish, Castillo means Castle and my username was citizen castle. After a while, I decided to leave it as Castle and everyone started calling me that.
CA: What led you to get into photography?
PC: I have always been an artistically inclined person from a young age. I was always involved in school with art projects, singing, and dancing. In my family, my aunt is a singer and my uncle is a photographer. Everybody has their own talent while I happen to be good at several things. I decided on photography because it ties in for me the big picture. It is a metaphor for my life where I can show my perception of what I see to everyone and tie in all my creativeness. I can tie in singing and dancing in it because I can photography that image so everyone can see if from my point of view.
CA: How did photography make you see the world differently?
PC: Well in a way, perception is reality but you can only see what a person chooses to show you. When I pick up a camera and I see the world differently, I have the advantage to make someone see what I perceive but that doesn't mean that is the reality of it. I think it is like an craft where you look through the view finder and take a picture of something. We often overlook what we see on a daily. The fact that I can take
something ordinary to make it intriguing is like magic in a way.
PC: I feel like as photographers we often try to chase an image and we often don't capture the essence of what is going on. I feel like that is what makes a good pictures; capturing the essence and being able to get a vibe from the picture. When you see a picture that ignites feeling into you and you felt like you were in that moment is a perfect picture. The perfect picture comes from the perfect moment.
CA: Do you have a favorite moment while working with your camera?
PC: When was I taking my online photography course and it told me to do something new. I was looking through my pictures, I realized I was doing the techniques unconsciously and didn't know the name of the techniques. Seeing that I was doing it all this time made me realize we have this potential that we don't even know about ourselves. You often doubt yourself and think you aren't good enough. When you see it in
reality it is like you really are who you think you are like Drake said.
CA: How do your talents outside of photography help you with the creative process?
PC: I listen to a lot of old 90s R&B like De La Soul and Talib Kweli. I also listened to old rap which had a lot of substances. For example, listening to Nas who is a very good story teller might cause me to paint an idea for me to do a photoshoot with someone.
CA: Who would you shoot that is well known if you had the chance? One famous female
and one famous male
PC: I would take a picture of Angelina Jolie because of her bone structure. Her face is like art. There are so many dimensions and angles to it. I would pick Michael Ealy for the males because of his eyes. They are amazing.
CA: Name the three places you would love to shoot in the world
PC: Thailand because of the beautiful landscape. Switzerland because of their architecture/buildings. My third choice would be a middle eastern country like Dubai because of the people and the desert setting. I would love to see their culture and I feel it is important to portray different cultures.
PC: I want it to be recognized for substance and essence. I want people to look at my images and to feel it was in the moment to relate to the image taken. When I'm older I will probably want to have more integrity in my work. I want to make my own name and my own legacy. Nothing is original anymore. Everyone steals ideas from other people and remake things to make it look their way. I want to take all the ideas and do it in a way that makes it hard for other people to replicate it.
Follow Cas.tle on IG @cas.tle and her work on her website
Photographer Profile: Paola Castillo b.k.a Cas.tle was last modified: April 8th, 2016 by Howard Nedrick, Jr
Photographer Profile: Danielle Grandison
CA: What caused you to get into photography?
DG: I honestly don't even know anymore. I guess one day in my studio art class I got fed up with drawing portraits and decided to take them instead.
DG: I have a problem now. Once the light hits something I feel like I have to take a picture of it. My selfie to random object ratio in my photo stream is embarrassing.
CA: What do you do to improve on your craft? Techniques?
DG: Well I major in Film and Media Arts so I basically surrounded myself with my craft. I do gigs as practice, but mostly I just put the most effort in my school projects and exploit them later.
CA: How did your classes in film & photography help you in regards to your work?
DG: Sometimes I feel like my classes hurt my work. Most of my time goes into developing work for class or other people and I rarely get time for myself. However, sometimes certain assignments inspire me later on and I find myself recreating work with the same constraints.
DG: If it tells a story without force, I love it. What do you feel after taking a picture of a loved one or close friend? I feel used because more than likely it's going on Facebook or Instagram. What helps you get in the mindset to shoot something? I never really have to get in the mindset to shoot. I always want to shoot.
DG: Since I was exposed to it in highschool.
DG: Two years ago on my mothers birthday I tried to surprise her with a visit, but tickets home were too expensive. I was sad and frustrated which motivated me to find a distraction. I sat on top of a school building and watched the sun rise. I'm corny but the images I got from that day are my favorite.
CA: What do you feel is the biggest asset that you have right now?
DG: I honestly don't know. I just like the fact that everything I do has the same style to it so clearly I have some type of brand going on. I hope.
CA: And the biggest challenge you have as of right now?
DG: I have to stop doubting myself. 98% of the work I do ends up in a folder called I Hate You because if I look at it too long I think it sucks.
CA: What is fun and rewarding for you in regards to photography?
DG: Who doesn't like getting paid for what they enjoy doing?
DG: Both. Anything. Everything. I like them all.
CA: Do you take pictures with a smartphone? If so, which do you prefer between a smartphone and a DSLR?
DG: Smartphones are cool for in the moment convenience, but I'm in love with my DSLR.
CA: What is Aesthetic Affinity?
DG: That's my portfolio. The word play really makes sense of it all. Aesthetic means a set of principles underlying and guiding the work of a particular artist or artistic movement while Affinity means a natural liking for or attraction to.
DG: I honestly don't care how just as long as it is .
CA: What is the best advice you can give someone with a strong desire to do photography?
DG: Shoot every and anything. Don't fall into a stylized niche you need your work to be diverse so it can reach every and any one. Unless you're that good, then by all means do you honey.
Check out Danielle's work on her website The Aesthetic Affinity and her IG @Davincdeez
Photographer Profile: Danielle Grandison was last modified: April 8th, 2016 by Howard Nedrick, Jr
Photographer Recap
For the past three months, we have interviewed six photographers who have captured the world around them and presented back in their own way. This recap gives you access to those interviews for those who have missed it in the past!
Antonio Arroyo is a man with expensive tastes. His dream is take pictures of the lavish life and share it with the world!
Brittney Hart is a California breed photographer who I connected with through tumblr. I have always admired her edgy feel to her pictures hence why I reached out to interview her for the website.
Stephen J. Frias is that cool artsy kid in school everyone knows but don't know what he does in his free time. I met Stephen way back in freshman year in college and to this day I don't know half of the things he does on a regular basis. I do know he tries to do dope things on a regular basis with his work! Check him out if you are in the tri-state area!
Rafia Santana is a walking enigma . Her reclusive nature is countered by her dynamic skills behind the camera as well as the sound board for music. It is hard to place her under one label and I feel she wouldn't have it any other way.
Marvin Hodelin is actually part of the reasons I started this website. Way back I met him through tumblr along some other talented folks to see their creative transformation over the years. I think Marvin's creativity has no bounds and he is on track to big things for himself and his team. Stay tuned for the man also known as Simply Dope with a 3, the photographer from Queens county.
Sierra King is a photographer from A-town and her photography is connected to her family ties. She is soft spoken but has a big heart in the projects she immerses herself into! It was a pleasure to speak with her and give her tips to expand her horizon on showcasing her work.
Photographer Recap was last modified: April 8th, 2016 by Howard Nedrick, Jr


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A lottery is a game in which a bettor bets on a random number. This game of chance allows a bettor to bet on a large prize, and is one of the most popular forms of gambling in the world. In most countries, the winning ticket is taxed.
The oldest known lotteries are believed to have been held in the Low Countries in the 15th century, though there are records of lottery activities as far back as the Roman Empire. The Chinese Book of Songs mentions a "drawing of wood" as a type of game of chance, and the Han Dynasty of China reportedly used lottery slips as a form of financing major government projects.
In the United States, the first modern government-run lottery was created by Puerto Rico in 1934. In the mid-19th century, private lotteries were legal in the United States, but were banned by several state governments. However, they were tolerated in some cases. During the 1740s, the Academy Lottery financed the University of Pennsylvania, and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts raised money for the Colonial Army using a lottery.
Many colonies in the US used lotteries to fund fortifications, local militias, and schools. In 1844, ten states banned lotteries. In Canada, lottery tickets were illegal prior to 1967.
As a result, many people considered lotteries as a form of hidden tax. Others wanted to avoid the hassle of participating in an illegal activity. But lotteries were also seen as a good way to raise funds for important public purposes, such as the construction of bridges, roads, and town fortifications.
In the 17th and 18th centuries, lotteries became widespread in the Netherlands. There were many private lotteries for religious orders, and the first public lottery was organized by King Francis I of France. Before 1789, revenues from the Loterie Royale de France were equivalent to five to seven percent of the total French revenue.
In the early 19th century, private lotteries were legally permitted in the US. However, they were soon condemned by contemporary commentators. They were also criticized for being addictive.
In the early part of the 20th century, some colonial states and the English government were also criticized for holding private lotteries. In the United States, however, the first legal state lottery was established by New Hampshire in 1964. Throughout the century, dozens of lotteries were held in the colonial states, and various towns held public lotteries.
Several colonial governments used lottery proceeds to finance public projects, such as fortifications, bridges, libraries, and roads. In the United Kingdom, a lotterie was organized by the Virginia Company of London, which supported settlement of the American continent at Jamestown.
The United States had no national lottery until 1826, when King James I issued the first law allowing a lottery. However, there are now a number of state and regional lotteries. Some of these, including the Kentucky Lottery, the Loto-Quebec, and the Western Canada Lottery Corporation, have a variety of draw games and scratch cards available. Some of the funds go to good causes, while others are earmarked for veterans, education, and environmental protection.
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Updated: Dec 22, 2015 11:17 am
OUCHSabrina & Corey Shade Bradley
For the longest time, Sabrina Carpenter and Bradley Steven Perry's relationship was our OTP. Then they broke up, and fans were totally confused. What happened? Had they been on the rocks for a...
SEE THE PICSProof Sabrina & Brad Are Over
Sorry, Sabrina Carpenter and Bradley Steven Perry shippers. It seems like the couple (who you even named the Hottest Couple of 2014) is really, truly broken up. While attending Disney Channel's Gold &...
OMGIs Sabrina Dating a Co-Star?
Rowan Blanchard has slammed reports that Sabrina Carpenter is dating her Girl Meets World co-star Amir Mitchell-Townes, who plays Zay on the show. When a fan asked about the rumors, the actress promptly...
OH NOAre Sabrina & Bradley Over?
From the start of their relationship, Sabrina Carpenter and Bradley Steven Perry have been one of the most romantic pairings ever. (You even voted them the Hottest Couple of 2014!) But now fans...
#BirthdayGoalsOn Point Celeb Parties!
Sabrina Carpenter celebrated her 16th birthday last night in Los Angeles with a bunch of her friends, including Rowan Blanchard and Olivia Holt, and her party was Alice In Wonderland themed! The Girl...
WATCHSabrina Releases "Eyes Wide Open" Vid
The music video for Sabrina Carpenter's latest single "Eyes Wide Open" has finally been released and the Girl Meets World actress looks insanely stunning in it! When we spoke to her last week...
Jun 9, 2015 8:00 pm
EXCLUSIVEBradley Asked Sabrina Out In the Cutest Way
Just when you thought Sabina Carpenter and Bradley Steven Perry couldn't get any cuter, the Girl Meets World star EXCLUSIVELY told us how he asked her out and it's heart-meltingly cute! According to...
Updated: May 11, 2015 3:34 pm
HAPPY BIRTHDAYSabrina With Your Fave Celebs
Today is Sabrina Carpenter's 16th birthday! The Girl Meets World star has become incredibly successful in the past year and is surrounded by so many loving friends – many of whom you may...
Updated: Apr 27, 2015 6:09 pm
LOVE IS IN THE AIRCouples at the RDMA
The 2015 Radio Disney Music Awards aired last night and if there's one thing we noticed, it's that there were a bunch of celebrity couples in the audience. And it was the most...
Sabrina & Bradley Win J-14's Hottest Couple
For the past month you've been relentlessly voting for the celeb couple who you want to win J-14's Hottest Celebrity Couple of 2014. After nearly 70,000 votes and three rounds, we can now...
Updated: Oct 7, 2016 11:07 am
COTW20 Heart-Warming Pics of Brabrina
Girl Meets World star Sabrina Carpenter and Good Luck Charlie actor Bradley Steven Perry have been dating for over seven months and have proven to be incredibly supportive of each other's careers. The...
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Wyatt CR. Wyatt C.R. Wyatt, Christopher R.Chapter 33. Venous and Intraosseous Access in Adults. In: Tintinalli JE, Stapczynski J, Ma O, Cline DM, Cydulka RK, Meckler GD, T. Tintinalli J.E., Stapczynski J, Ma O, Cline D.M., Cydulka R.K., Meckler G.D., T Eds. Judith E. Tintinalli, et al.eds. Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 7e New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2011. http://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=348&sectionid=40381495. Accessed April 20, 2019.
Wyatt CR. Wyatt C.R. Wyatt, Christopher R.. "Chapter 33. Venous and Intraosseous Access in Adults." Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 7e Tintinalli JE, Stapczynski J, Ma O, Cline DM, Cydulka RK, Meckler GD, T. Tintinalli J.E., Stapczynski J, Ma O, Cline D.M., Cydulka R.K., Meckler G.D., T Eds. Judith E. Tintinalli, et al. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2011, http://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=348&sectionid=40381495.
Vascular access enables the administration of analgesia and antibiotics, vasoactive medications during cardiac arrest, crystalloid solutions in severe dehydration and hypovolemia, blood transfusion for hemorrhagic shock from trauma or GI bleeding, and therapy-guiding central venous pressure measurements in sepsis and heart failure.1 Multiple factors determine the route and site for venous access.
The rate of flow is directly proportional to the catheter radius and the pressure gradient, and inversely proportional to the dynamic fluid viscosity and catheter length. Flow rates are increased by increasing the catheter radius, increasing the pressure gradient (use of gravity, manual push-pull devices, pressure bag application, or commercial rapid infusing devices), decreasing viscosity (coadministration of crystalloid with viscous blood products), and/or decreasing catheter length (peripheral angiocatheter vs. triple lumen catheter). Flow rates are maximized by using the largest internal diameter catheter possible.
The most commonly accessed veins for peripheral catheterization of the upper extremity are the dorsal hand veins and the veins of the antecubital fossa. The venous anatomy of the upper extremity can be seen in Figure 33-1.
Peripheral catheterization of the superficial veins of the lower extremity is more difficult and often requires venous cutdown of the great and small saphenous veins.
The great saphenous vein receives contributions from the medial aspect of the foot and originates at its medial dorsal aspect. The saphenous vein traverses the lower leg anterior and superior to the medial malleolus. It courses posterior to the medial condyle of the femur and along the medial thigh where it terminates into the femoral vein approximately 3 cm below the inguinal ligament.
The small saphenous vein originates posterior to the lateral malleolus as a continuation of the lateral dorsal foot veins. It traverses to the middle of the posterior lower leg, ascends directly cephalad, terminating in the popliteal vein.
The femoral vein is the primary deep vein of the lower extremity. It is located medial to the femoral artery. The vessels course together through the proximal thigh.