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Home > Laws > Laws as Enacted > Restriction on Smoking (Standardised Packaging and Labelling) (Jersey) Regulations 2021
Restriction on Smoking (Standardised Packaging and Labelling) (Jersey) Regulations 2021
2 Meaning of producer and supplier. 9
REQUIREMENTS FOR PACKAGING OF TOBACCO PRODUCTS 9
3 Permitted colour and shade of packaging of cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco 9
4 Material, shape, opening and contents of unit packet of cigarettes. 10
5 Appearance of cigarettes. 10
6 Further provisions about the packaging of cigarettes. 10
7 Form of, and weight of tobacco in, unit packet of hand rolling tobacco. 11
8 Product presentation. 11
9 Packaging of cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco not to produce noise or scent 11
10 Packaging of cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco not to change after sale. 12
PART 3 12
LABELLING OF TOBACCO PRODUCTS 12
11 Combined health warnings on tobacco products for smoking (other than large cigars, individually wrapped cigars and cigarillos). 12
12 Range and rotation of combined health warnings. 13
13 General warnings and information messages on tobacco products for smoking (other than large cigars, individually wrapped cigars and cigarillos). 13
14 Labelling of large cigars and individually wrapped cigars and cigarillos. 14
15 Health warning on smokeless tobacco products. 15
16 General health warning requirements. 15
TOBACCO PRODUCTS WHICH MUST NOT BE PRODUCED OR SUPPLIED 16
17 No flavoured cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco etc. 16
18 No vitamins, colourings or prohibited additives in tobacco products. 16
19 Tobacco for oral use. 17
20 Novel tobacco products. 17
HERBAL PRODUCTS FOR SMOKING 17
21 Labelling and presentation of herbal products for smoking. 17
PENALTIES AND ENFORCEMENT 18
22 Offences. 18
23 False or misleading information. 18
24 Defences. 19
25 Offences by bodies corporate and others. 19
MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS 20
26 Transitional provisions. 20
27 Article A1 (interpretation) of Restriction on Smoking (Jersey) Law 1973 amended 20
28 Restriction on Smoking (Warning Notices) (Jersey) Regulations 2011 and Restriction on Smoking (Warning Notices) (Amendment for UK Exit from EU) (Jersey) Regulations 2019 repealed 21
29 Citation and commencement. 21
EXCEPTIONS TO COLOUR AND SHADE OF PACKAGING 22
1 Application. 22
2 Text stating brand name and variant name. 22
3 Text stating number of cigarettes or weight of tobacco. 23
4 Text giving details about producer. 24
5 Text about cigarette papers and filters. 24
6 Barcodes. 25
7 Calibration mark. 25
FURTHER CONDITIONS FOR THE PACKAGING OF TOBACCO PRODUCTS 26
1 Surfaces. 26
2 Inserts etc. 26
3 Lining in unit packet of cigarettes. 26
4 Tab and seal in unit packet of hand rolling tobacco. 27
5 Wrappers. 27
TEXT WARNINGS AND CORRESPONDING IMAGES FOR COMBINED HEALTH WARNINGS 29
TEXT WARNING FOR CIGARS AND CIGARILLOS 34
Endnotes 35
Table of Endnote References. 35
Made 30th June 2021
Coming into force 31st July 2021
THE STATES make these Regulations under Articles 1, 1C and 2 of the Restriction on Smoking (Jersey) Law 1973[1] –
(1) In these Regulations –
"additive" means a substance, other than tobacco, that is added to a tobacco product, unit packet or container packet;
"brand name", in relation to a tobacco product, means the primary name by which the product is known;
"calibration mark" means a mark that is used only for the purpose of the automated manufacture of any packaging;
"characterising flavour", in relation to a tobacco product, means a clearly noticeable smell or taste, other than one of tobacco, which –
(a) results from an additive or a combination of additives, including (but not limited to) fruit, spice, herbs, alcohol, candy, menthol or vanilla; and
(b) is noticeable before or during the consumption of the tobacco product;
"chewing tobacco" means a smokeless tobacco product which is exclusively intended for the purpose of chewing;
"cigar" means a tobacco product that can be consumed by means of a combustion process and (given its properties and normal consumer expectations) is exclusively intended to be smoked as it is, and that is –
(a) a roll of tobacco (or of tobacco and another substance) that has an outer wrapper of natural tobacco; or
(b) a roll of tobacco (or of tobacco and another substance) that –
(i) has an outer wrapper, of the normal colour of a cigar, made of reconstituted tobacco that covers the product in full (including the filter but not, in the case of a cigar with a mouthpiece, the mouthpiece),
(ii) is filled with a threshed blend of tobacco (or of tobacco and another substance),
(iii) has a unit weight, not including any filter or mouthpiece, of at least 2.3 g and no more than 10 g, and
(iv) has a circumference, over at least one third of its length, of at least 34 mm;
"cigarette" has the meaning in Article A1 of the Law but does not include a cigar;
"cigarillo" means a cigar with a unit weight of not more than 3 g;
"CMR properties" means properties which are carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic for reproduction;
"Combined Health Warnings Decision" means Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2015/1842 of 9 October 2015 on the technical specifications for the layout, design and shape of the combined health warnings for tobacco products for smoking (OJ L 267, 14.10.2015, p. 5);
"container packet", in relation to a tobacco product, means any packaging (other than a wrapper) –
(a) in which that product is, or is intended to be, presented for sale; and
(b) that encloses (whether wholly or partially) a unit packet of that product or an aggregation of such unit packets,
and where there is more than one separate layer of such packaging, each layer is taken to be a separate container packet;
"cross-border distance sale", in relation to a tobacco product, means a distance sale to a consumer where, at the time the consumer orders the product from a producer or supplier, the producer or supplier is established in a country or territory other than Jersey and for the purposes of this definition a producer or supplier is deemed to be established in the country or territory concerned –
(a) in the case of a producer or supplier who is an individual, if the individual's place of business is in that country or territory; and
(b) in any other case, if the producer or supplier has its statutory seat, central administration or place of business, including a branch, agency or any other establishment, in that country or territory;
"emissions" means substances that are released when a tobacco product or related product is consumed as intended;
"external packaging" means –
(a) in relation to a unit packet of a tobacco product other than hand rolling tobacco in the form of a pouch, every surface of the packet that is visible before the packet is opened;
(b) in relation to a unit packet of hand rolling tobacco in the form of a pouch, every surface of the pouch that is visible before the pouch is opened, together with the hidden surface of the pouch in a case where the pouch takes the form of a rectangular pocket with a flap that covers the opening; and
(c) in relation to a container packet of a tobacco product, every surface of the packet that is visible before the packet is opened;
"hand rolling tobacco" means a tobacco product that is not a cigarette and that can be used after sale for making cigarettes;
"herbal product for smoking" means a product based on plants, herbs or fruits that contains no tobacco and that can be consumed via a combustion process;
"hidden surface", in relation to a pouch of hand rolling tobacco in the form of a rectangular pocket with a flap that covers the opening, means the surface of the pouch that becomes visible when the flap is opened, but does not include the underside surface of the flap or any surface of the inside of the pocket;
"ingredient" means the tobacco, any additive, as well as any other substance or element present in a finished tobacco product or related product, including paper, filter, ink, capsules and adhesives;
"internal packaging", in relation to a unit packet or container packet of a tobacco product, means any part of the packet that is not external packaging;
"Law" means the Restriction on Smoking (Jersey) Law 1973[2];
"nasal tobacco" means a smokeless tobacco product that can be consumed via the nose;
"nicotine" means nicotinic alkaloids;
"novel tobacco product" means a tobacco product which is –
(a) is not a cigarette, hand rolling tobacco, pipe tobacco, waterpipe tobacco, a cigar, a cigarillo, chewing tobacco, nasal tobacco or tobacco for oral use; and
(b) is first supplied by the producer after the commencement of these Regulations;
"packaging", in relation to a tobacco product, includes any material that is –
(a) an integral part of the packaging of the product;
(b) required as part of the packaging process; or
(c) required to protect the product;
"pipe tobacco" means tobacco that –
(a) can be consumed by means of a combustion process; and
(b) is exclusively intended for use in a pipe;
"pouch" means a unit packet of hand rolling tobacco in the form of –
(a) a rectangular pocket with a flap that covers the opening; or
(b) a standing pouch;
"shoulder box" means a unit packet that is cuboid in shape with a hinged lid that results in the secondary surfaces being split into two when the packet is opened;
"smokeless tobacco product" means a tobacco product that is consumed in a way that does not involve a combustion process (including chewing tobacco, nasal tobacco and tobacco for oral use);
"tar" means the raw anhydrous nicotine-free condensate of smoke;
"tobacco for oral use" means a tobacco product that is –
(a) intended for oral use, unless it is intended to be inhaled or chewed; and
(b) in powder or particulate form or any combination of those forms, whether presented in a sachet portion or a porous sachet, or in any other way;
"tobacco product" means a product that can be consumed and consists, even partly, of tobacco, whether genetically modified or not;
"tobacco product for smoking" means a tobacco product other than a smokeless tobacco product;
"toxicity" means the degree to which a substance can cause harmful effects in the human organism, including effects occurring over time, usually through repeated or continuous consumption or exposure;
"travel retail sector" means retail outlets in Jersey at which tobacco products may be purchased only by people travelling on journeys to destinations outside of Jersey;
"unit packet" means the smallest individual packaging (whether enclosed by a container packet or not) in which that product is, or is intended to be, presented for sale, but does not include any wrapper;
"variant name", in relation to a particular tobacco product, means any name by which that product is distinguished from other tobacco products under the same brand name;
"waterpipe tobacco" means a tobacco product that can be consumed by means of a waterpipe;
"wrapper" means a cellophane or plastic wrapper –
(b) that encloses (whether wholly or partially) –
(i) a unit packet of that product,
(ii) an aggregation of such unit packets that is not contained in a container packet, or
(iii) a container packet of that product.
(2) For the purpose of these Regulations –
(a) waterpipe tobacco is taken to be a tobacco product for smoking;
(b) a product that may be consumed via a waterpipe or used as hand rolling tobacco is taken to be hand rolling tobacco; and
(c) "visible" includes visible through any wrapper permitted by paragraph 5 of Schedule 2 or any tab that complies with paragraph 4(1) of Schedule 2.
(3) In these Regulations, a reference to the front and back surfaces of a unit packet or container packet of a tobacco product is a reference to –
(a) in relation to a unit packet of hand rolling tobacco in the form of a pouch, the 2 largest surfaces of the external packaging of the packet, excluding the hidden surface; and
(b) in relation to a unit packet or container packet of hand rolling tobacco that is cylindrical in shape, the 2 opposite halves of the curved surface of the external packaging of the packet if the curved surface is divided equally along a vertical plane.
2 Meaning of producer and supplier
(1) A person produces a tobacco product or related product if, in the course of a business, and with a view to the product being supplied for consumption in Jersey or through the travel retail sector, the person –
(a) manufactures the product;
(b) puts a name, trade mark or other distinguishing mark on it by which the person is held out to be its manufacturer or originator; or
(c) imports it into Jersey.
(2) A person supplies a tobacco product or related product if, in the course of a business, the person –
(a) supplies the product –
(i) for consumption in Jersey or through the travel retail sector, or
(ii) with a view to the product being supplied for consumption in Jersey or through the travel retail sector;
(b) offers or agrees to supply it in those circumstances; or
(c) exposes or possesses it for supply in those circumstances.
(3) In the case of a cross-border distance sale of a tobacco product to a consumer located in Jersey, the tobacco product is taken to be supplied, and presented for sale, in Jersey.
REQUIREMENTS FOR PACKAGING OF TOBACCO PRODUCTS
3 Permitted colour and shade of packaging of cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco
(1) The colour of external packaging of a unit packet or container packet of cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco must be Pantone 448 C with a matt finish.
(2) The colour of internal packaging of a unit packet or container packet of cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco must be –
(a) white; or
(b) Pantone 448 C with a matt finish.
(3) Schedule 1 contains exceptions to paragraphs (1) and (2).
(4) Nothing in this Regulation prohibits any warning, statement, text, picture, image, symbol or marking that is required by any enactment (whenever passed or made) other than these Regulations.
4 Material, shape, opening and contents of unit packet of cigarettes
(1) A unit packet of cigarettes must –
(a) be made of carton or soft material;
(b) be cuboid in shape, but may have bevelled or round edges; and
(c) contain a minimum of 20 cigarettes.
(2) A unit packet of cigarettes may contain an opening that can be re-closed or re-sealed after it is first opened, but only if that opening is a flip-top lid or a shoulder box hinged lid.
(3) A flip-top lid may only be hinged at the back of the packet.
(4) A shoulder box hinged lid may only be hinged along one of the 2 smallest sides of the packet.
(5) The sides of a unit packet of cigarettes that is a shoulder box with a hinged lid must have a height (measured between the front and back surfaces of the packet) of at least 16 mm.
5 Appearance of cigarettes
(1) The paper, casing, filter or other material forming part of a cigarette (other than the tobacco contained in it) must be white with a matt finish.
(2) The paper or casing surrounding the end of a cigarette that is not designed to be lit may be coloured in such a way as to imitate cork.
(3) A cigarette may have text printed on it to identify the brand name and variant name of the cigarette, but only if –
(a) the text appears parallel to, and not more than 38 mm from, the end of the cigarette that is not designed to be lit;
(b) the text does not contain any character that is not alphabetic, numeric or an ampersand;
(c) the first letter of any word is in upper-case type or lower-case type and the remaining letters of the word are in lower-case type;
(d) the text is printed in Helvetica font;
(e) the colour of the text is black;
(f) the text is in a normal, weighted, regular typeface; and
(g) the size of the text is no larger than 8 point.
6 Further provisions about the packaging of cigarettes
A person must not produce or supply any cigarettes in breach of any of the provisions of Schedule 2.
7 Form of, and weight of tobacco in, unit packet of hand rolling tobacco
(1) A unit packet of hand rolling tobacco may only –
(a) be cuboid in shape, but may have bevelled or rounded edges;
(b) be cylindrical in shape; or
(c) take the form of a pouch.
(2) The sides of a unit packet of hand rolling tobacco that is a shoulder box with a hinged lid must have a height (measured between the front and back surfaces of the packet) of at least 16 mm.
(3) A unit packet of hand rolling tobacco must contain at least 30 g of tobacco.
8 Product presentation
(1) A tobacco product and the labelling of the packaging of the tobacco product must not contain any element or feature that –
(a) promotes a tobacco product or encourages its consumption by creating an erroneous impression about its characteristics, health effects, risks or emissions;
(b) includes any information about the nicotine, tar or carbon monoxide content of a tobacco product;
(c) suggests that a particular tobacco product –
(i) is less harmful than others,
(ii) aims to reduce the effect of some harmful components of smoke,
(iii) has vitalising, energising, healing, rejuvenating, natural or organic properties, or
(iv) has other health or lifestyle benefits;
(d) refers to taste, smell or any flavourings or other additives, or the absence of any such thing;
(e) resembles a food or cosmetic product; or
(f) suggests that a particular tobacco product has improved biodegradability or other environmental advantages.
(2) The packaging of a tobacco product must not contain any element or feature that suggests economic advantage by including printed vouchers or offering discounts, free distribution, two-for-one or other similar offers.
(3) In this Regulation, "element or feature" includes, but is not limited to, any text, symbol, name, trade mark, figurative sign or any other type of sign.
9 Packaging of cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco not to produce noise or scent
(1) A person must not produce or supply cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco if any part of the packaging makes a noise or contains or produces a smell that is not ordinarily associated with the packaging of cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco.
(2) Paragraph (1) does not prohibit a smell in the packaging of cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco that results from a manufacturing process which is designed to give the cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco a characterising flavour that is not prohibited.
10 Packaging of cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco not to change after sale
(1) A person must not produce or supply any cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco if the packaging includes any feature that is designed to change the packaging after sale.
(2) In this Regulation, "feature" includes, but is not limited to –
(a) heat activated ink;
(b) ink or embellishment designed to appear gradually over time;
(c) ink that appears fluorescent in certain light;
(d) a panel that is designed to be scratched or rubbed to reveal an image or text;
(e) a removeable tab; and
(f) a fold-out or slide-out panel.
LABELLING OF TOBACCO PRODUCTS
11 Combined health warnings on tobacco products for smoking (other than large cigars, individually wrapped cigars and cigarillos)
(1) A unit packet and a container packet of a tobacco product for smoking (other than a unit packet or container packet referred to in Regulation 14(1)) must carry a combined health warning.
(2) A combined health warning must consist of –
(a) one of the text warnings listed in Schedule 3 with a corresponding colour photograph; and
(b) the text "Get help to stop smoking at gov.je/help2quit or gov.gg/quittingsmoking".
(3) A combined health warning must appear on both the front and back surfaces of the unit packet and any container packet, and the same text warning and corresponding colour photograph must appear on both surfaces.
(4) A combined health warning must –
(a) cover at least 65% of the area of each surface on which it appears;
(b) in the case of a unit packet of cigarettes, not be less than 44 mm high and 52 mm wide;
(c) appear at the top edge of the surface concerned;
(d) be positioned in the same direction as any other information on that surface; and
(e) comply with the general health warning requirements.
(5) A combined health warning must be reproduced in accordance with the layout, design and proportions specified in the Combined Health Warnings Decision.
(6) For the purpose of this Regulation, a reference in the Combined Health Warnings Decision –
(a) to a manufacturer or an importer is to be construed as a reference to a producer; and
(b) to outside packaging is to be construed as a reference to a container packet.
(7) A reference in this Regulation to the front and back surfaces of a packet is, in relation to a cylindrical packet, a reference to the two opposite halves of the curved surface of the packet that is visible before the packet is opened, if the curved surface is divided equally along a vertical plane.
12 Range and rotation of combined health warnings
A producer of a tobacco product for smoking must select the photograph used for the purpose of Regulation 11(2)(a) from the set of photographs in Schedule 3 and ensure that each of the photographs is carried on between 1/24 and 1/12 of the total number of packets under each brand name produced by that producer over any period of 12 months.
13 General warnings and information messages on tobacco products for smoking (other than large cigars, individually wrapped cigars and cigarillos)
(1) A unit packet and any container packet of a tobacco product for smoking (other than a unit packet or container packet referred to in Regulation 14(1)) must carry the following information (the "health warnings") –
(a) a general warning consisting of the text "Smoking kills – quit now"; and
(b) an information message consisting of the text "Tobacco smoke contains over 70 substances known to cause cancer".
(2) Each of the health warnings must –
(b) be in black Helvetica bold type on a white background;
(c) be in a font size that ensures that the text occupies the greatest possible proportion of the surface area reserved for it;
(d) appear at the centre of that area;
(e) in the case of a cuboid shaped unit packet and any container packet, be orientated parallel to the longest edge of the surface on which it appears;
(f) comply with the general health warning requirements.
(3) In the case of a unit packet of cigarettes or a unit packet of hand rolling tobacco that is cuboid in shape (other than a shoulder box) –
(a) the general warning must appear on one of the secondary surfaces of the packet;
(b) the information message must appear on the other secondary surface of the packet; and
(c) each of the health warnings must be at least 20 mm wide and positioned at the bottom edge of the surface on which it appears.
(4) In the case of a unit packet of cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco that is a shoulder box –
(a) the general warning must appear in its entirety on the larger of the two split parts of one of the secondary surfaces of the shoulder box;
(b) the information message must appear in its entirety on the larger of the two split parts of the other secondary surface of the shoulder box; and
(c) the general warning must also appear on the inside of the lid, such that it is visible when the packet is open.
(5) In the case of a unit packet of hand rolling tobacco that is cylindrical with a lid –
(a) the general warning must appear on the outside surface of the lid; and
(b) the information message must appear on the inside surface of the lid.
(6) A unit packet of hand rolling tobacco that is a rectangular pouch must carry a general warning and an information message in accordance with Article 2.1 of Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2015/1735 of 24 September 2015 on the precise position of the general warning and the information message on roll-your-own tobacco marketed in pouches (OJ L 252, 29.9.2015, p. 49) (the "Pouches Decision").
(7) For the purpose of this Regulation, a reference in the Pouches Decision to roll-your-own tobacco is to be construed as a reference to hand rolling tobacco.
14 Labelling of large cigars and individually wrapped cigars and cigarillos
(1) This Regulation applies to a unit packet or container packet which contains –
(a) a single cigar or cigarillo; or
(b) two or more cigars with a unit weight of more than 3 g.
(2) A person must not produce or supply a unit packet or container packet to which this Regulation applies unless that contains unless the packet carries the following information (the "health warnings") –
(a) the general warning "Smoking kills – quit now", together with the text "Get help to stop smoking at gov.je/help2quit or gov.gg/quittingsmoking" –
(i) on the most visible surface of the packet, and
(ii) subject to paragraph (2), covering at least 30% of the area of the surface on which it appears; and
(b) one of the text warnings listed in Schedule 4 –
(i) on the next most visible surface of the packet or, if the packet has a hinged lid, the surface that appears when the packet is opened, and
(ii) subject to paragraph (2), covering at least 40% of the area of the surface on which it appears.
(2) If one of the health warnings is to appear on a surface with an area that is greater than 150 cm2, the health warning must cover at least 45 cm2 of that surface.
(3) A producer must select the text warning listed in Schedule 4 so that each of the text warnings appears on between 1/24 and 1/12 of the total number of packets under each brand name produced by that producer over any period of 12 months.
(a) be in black Helvetica bold type on a white background;
(b) be in a font size that ensures that the text occupies the greatest possible proportion of the surface area reserved for it;
(c) appear at the centre of that area;
(d) be parallel to the main text on the surface concerned; and
15 Health warning on smokeless tobacco products
A unit packet and any container packet of a smokeless tobacco product must carry a health warning consisting of the text "This tobacco product damages your health and is addictive", which must –
(a) appear on both the front and the back surfaces of the packet;
(b) cover at least 30% of the area of each of those surfaces;
(c) be in black Helvetica bold type on a white background;
(d) be in a font size that ensures that the text occupies the greatest possible proportion of the surface area reserved for it;
(e) appear at the centre of that area;
(f) be parallel to the main text on the surface concerned; and
(g) comply with the general health warning requirements in Regulation 16.
16 General health warning requirements
(1) A health warning must cover the entire area that is reserved for it and must not be commented on or paraphrased.
(2) The dimensions of a health warning must be calculated in relation to the area of the surface concerned when the packet is closed.
(3) A health warning must be –
(a) in English;
(b) fully visible;
(c) indelible;
(d) irremovably printed;
(e) printed on the packet or, in the case of a unit packet of a tobacco product other than cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco in a pouch, printed on an irremovable sticker affixed to the packet; and
(f) surrounded by a black border of a width of 1 mm inside the area that is reserved for it.
(4) A health warning must not –
(a) be partially or totally hidden or interrupted by wrappers, jackets or boxes (except in the case of a unit packet presented inside a container packet);
(b) be partially or totally hidden or interrupted by any other item (such as a tax stamp, price mark or security feature); or
(c) partially or totally hide or interrupt any tax stamp, price mark, tracking and tracing mark, security feature or any other marking that is required under any enactment.
(5) A health warning –
(a) must remain intact when the packet is opened; or
(b) in the case of a unit packet with a flip-top lid, may be split when the packet is opened, but only in a manner that ensures the graphical integrity and visibility of the text, photograph and smoking cessation information in accordance with Article 4 of the Combined Health Warnings Decision.
TOBACCO PRODUCTS WHICH MUST NOT BE PRODUCED OR SUPPLIED
17 No flavoured cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco etc.
(1) A person must not produce or supply cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco with a characterising flavour.
(2) A person must not produce or supply cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco with –
(a) a filter, paper, package, capsule or other component containing flavourings;
(b) a filter, paper or capsule containing tobacco or nicotine; or
(c) a technical feature allowing the consumer to modify the smell, taste or smoke intensity of the product.
18 No vitamins, colourings or prohibited additives in tobacco products
(1) A person must not produce or supply a tobacco product containing –
(a) vitamins or other additives that create the impression that a tobacco product has a health benefit or presents reduced health risks;
(b) caffeine, taurine or other additives and stimulant compounds that are associated with energy and vitality;
(c) additives that have colouring effects on emissions; or
(d) in the case of tobacco products for smoking, additives that facilitate inhalation or nicotine uptake.
(a) additives that have CMR properties in unburnt form; or
(b) additives in quantities that increase, to a significant or measurable degree, the toxic or addictive effect or CMR properties of the product when it is consumed.
(3) Nothing in this Regulation prohibits the use of an additive that is essential for the manufacture of a tobacco product (for example, sugar when it is used to replace sugar that is lost during the curing process) to the extent that it does not result in a product with a characterising flavour and does not increase, to a significant or measurable degree, the toxic or addictive effect or CMR properties of the product when it is consumed.
19 Tobacco for oral use
A person must not produce or supply tobacco for oral use.
20 Novel tobacco products
A person must not produce or supply novel tobacco products.
HERBAL PRODUCTS FOR SMOKING
21 Labelling and presentation of herbal products for smoking
(1) A person must not produce or supply a herbal product for smoking unless the unit packet and any container packet carries a health warning consisting of the text "Smoking this product damages your health".
(2) The health warning must –
(a) appear on both the front and back surfaces of the unit packet and any container packet;
(b) cover 30% of the area of each of those surfaces, calculated in relation to the area of the surface concerned when the packet is closed;
(c) be in black Helvetica bold font on a white background;
(d) be in a font size that ensures that the text occupies the greatest possible proportion of the surface area reserved for it; and
(e) appear at the centre of that area.
(3) A unit packet and any container packet of a herbal product for smoking must not state that the product is free of additives or flavourings or include any element or feature that –
(a) promotes a herbal product for smoking or encourages its consumption by creating an erroneous impression about its characteristics, health effects, risks or emissions;
(b) includes any information about the nicotine, tar or carbon monoxide content of a herbal product for smoking;
(c) resembles a food or a cosmetic product; or
(d) suggests that a particular herbal product for smoking –
(i) is less harmful than other herbal products for smoking,
(iv) has other health or lifestyle benefits.
PENALTIES AND ENFORCEMENT
22 Offences
(1) A person who produces or supplies a tobacco product in contravention of these Regulations commits an offence and is liable to a term of imprisonment of 2 years and a fine.
(2) A person commits an offence and is liable to a term of imprisonment of 2 years and a fine if that person breaches a provision of –
(a) Part 2 (requirements for packaging of tobacco products);
(b) Part 3 (labelling of tobacco products);
(c) Part 4 (tobacco products which must not be produced or supplied); or
(d) Part 5 (herbal products).
23 False or misleading information
A producer or supplier commits an offence and is liable to a term of imprisonment of 2 years and a fine if the producer or supplier provides information to a person under any obligation in these Regulations and –
(a) the information is false or misleading in a material particular; and
(b) the producer or supplier knows the information to be false or misleading in a material particular or is reckless as to whether the information is false or misleading in a material particular.
24 Defences
(1) In any proceedings for an offence under these Regulations against a person who supplies any tobacco product in contravention of any provision of these Regulations, it is a defence that the person neither knew nor had reasonable grounds for suspecting that the tobacco product was supplied in breach of that provision.
(2) In any proceedings for an offence under these Regulations brought against a person who supplies any tobacco product or related product in breach of these Regulations, it is a defence that the supplier exercised all due diligence to avoid committing the offence.
(3) A defendant may not, without permission of the court, rely on the defence provided by paragraph (1) or (2) on the basis that the commission of the offence was due to the act or default of another person or the defendant's reliance on information given by another person unless –
(a) the defendant has served on the prosecutor notice in writing, giving such information identifying or assisting in the identification of that other person as is in the defendant's possession; and
(b) such notice is served at least 7 days before the date of the hearing.
(4) A defendant may not rely on the defence provided by paragraph (1) or (2) by reason that the defendant relied on information given by another person unless the defendant shows that it was reasonable in all the circumstances to have relied on that information.
25 Offences by bodies corporate and others
(1) Without prejudice to Article 2B of the Law, in this Regulation –
"relevant offence" means an offence under these Regulations that is committed by a limited liability partnership, a separate limited partnership, an incorporated limited partnership or another body corporate;
"relevant person" means –
(a) if the relevant offence is committed by a limited liability partnership, a partner of the partnership;
(b) if the relevant offence is committed by a separate limited partnership or an incorporated limited partnership –
(i) a general partner, or
(ii) a limited partner who is participating in the management of the partnership;
(c) if the relevant offence is committed by a body corporate other than an incorporated limited partnership –
(i) a director, manager, secretary or other similar officer of the body corporate, and
(ii) if the affairs of the body corporate are managed by its members, a member who is acting in connection with the member's functions of management; and
(d) a person purporting to act in any capacity described in sub-paragraphs (a) to (c) in relation to the partnership or body that commits the relevant offence.
(2) If a relevant offence is proved to have been committed with the consent or connivance of a relevant person, that relevant person is also guilty of the offence and liable in the same manner as the partnership or body corporate to the penalty provided for that offence.
(3) Paragraph (4) applies if a relevant offence –
(a) is an offence that may be committed by neglect; and
(b) is proved to be attributable to any neglect on the part of a relevant person.
(4) The relevant person is also guilty of the offence and liable in the same manner as the partnership or body corporate to the penalty provided for that offence.
A tobacco product is deemed to comply with these Regulations if it would have complied with the Restriction on Smoking (Warning Notices) (Jersey) Regulations 2011[3] if they were still in force and –
(a) in the case of cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco was –
(i) imported before 1st January 2022, and
(ii) supplied before 31st July 2022; and
(b) in the case of any other tobacco products was –
(i) imported before 31st July 2022, and
(ii) supplied before 31st July 2023.
27 Article A1 (interpretation) of Restriction on Smoking (Jersey) Law 1973 amended
In Article A1 of the Restriction on Smoking (Jersey) Law 1973[4] –
(a) for the definition "cigarette" there is substituted –
" "cigarette" means a tobacco product that can be consumed by means of a combustion process and that is –
(a) a roll of tobacco (or of tobacco and another substance) that is capable of being smoked as it is; or
(b) a roll of tobacco (or of tobacco and another substance) that is designed to be, by simple non-industrial handling –
(i) wrapped in cigarette paper, or
(ii) inserted into a cigarette-paper tube;";
(b) in the definition "tobacco" for sub-paragraph (b) there is substituted –
"(b) leaves and other natural processed or unprocessed parts of tobacco plants, including expanded and reconstituted tobacco;".
28 Restriction on Smoking (Warning Notices) (Jersey) Regulations 2011 and Restriction on Smoking (Warning Notices) (Amendment for UK Exit from EU) (Jersey) Regulations 2019 repealed
The Restriction on Smoking (Warning Notices) (Jersey) Regulations 2011[5] and Restriction on Smoking (Warning Notices) (Amendment for UK Exit from EU) (Jersey) Regulations 2019[6] are repealed.
These Regulations may be cited as the Restriction on Smoking (Standardised Packaging and Labelling) (Jersey) Regulations 2021 and come into force on 31st July 2021.
(Regulation 3(3))
EXCEPTIONS TO COLOUR AND SHADE OF PACKAGING
The provisions of this Schedule prevail to the extent of any inconsistency with any other provision in these Regulations.
2 Text stating brand name and variant name
The external packaging of a unit packet or container packet of cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco may have text printed on it that states the brand name and variant name of the product, but only if –
(a) the text does not contain any character which is not alphabetic, numeric or an ampersand;
(b) the first letter of any word is in upper-case type or lower-case type and the remaining letters are in lower-case type;
(c) the text is printed in Helvetica font;
(d) the colour of the text is Pantone Cool Gray 2 C with a matt finish;
(e) the text is in a normal, weighted, regular typeface;
(f) the brand name is contained within 1 line;
(g) the variant name is contained within 1 line;
(h) the variant name appears immediately below the brand name and has the same orientation as it;
(i) the size of the brand name is no larger than 14 point;
(j) the size of the variant name is no larger than 10 point;
(k) in relation to a packet that is not cylindrical in shape or in the form of a pouch, the brand name and variant name appear only, and not more than once, on each of the following surfaces –
(i) the front surface of the packet,
(ii) one of the smallest surfaces of the packet, and
(iii) the other smallest surface of the packet;
(l) in relation to a packet that is cylindrical in shape, the brand name and variant name appear only, and not more than once, on each of the following surfaces –
(ii) the back surface of the packet, and
(iii) the lid of the packet;
(m) in relation to a packet that is in the form of a pouch, the brand name and variant name appear only, and not more than once, on each of the following surfaces –
(iii) if the pouch takes the form of a rectangular pocket with a flap that covers the opening, the hidden surface of the packet;
(n) the brand name and variant name are located at the centre of any such surface or, where the surface contains a health warning, at the centre of the area of the surface not taken up by the health warning; and
(o) the text on any surface that contains a health warning is orientated in accordance with the warning.
3 Text stating number of cigarettes or weight of tobacco
(1) The external packaging of a unit packet or container packets of cigarettes may have text printed on it that states the number of cigarettes contained in the packet and may be followed by the word "Cigarettes", but only if –
(a) in relation to a container packet of an aggregation of unit packets, the number so expressed is –
(i) the total number of cigarettes in the container packet, or
(ii) the number of unit packets in the container packet multiplied by the number of cigarettes in each unit packet, with the multiplication symbol being expressed as an "x"; and
(b) the first letter of the word "Cigarettes" is in upper-case type or lower-case type and the remaining letters in the word are in lower-case type.
(2) The external packaging of a unit packet or container packet of hand rolling tobacco may have text printed on it that states the weight of tobacco in g contained in the packet and may be followed by the words "Rolling Tobacco" or "Hand Rolling Tobacco", but only if –
(a) in relation to a container packet of an aggregation of unit packets, the weight so expressed is –
(i) the total weight of tobacco in the container packet, or
(ii) the number of unit packets in the container packet multiplied by the weight of tobacco in each unit packet, with the multiplication symbol being expressed as an "x"; and
(b) the weight of tobacco is expressed in numeric characters followed by the letter "g".
(3) The text referred to in sub-paragraphs (1) and (2) must also comply with the following –
(a) the number must be expressed in numeric characters;
(b) the text is printed in Helvetica font;
(c) the colour of the text is Pantone Cool Gray 2 C with a matt finish;
(d) the text is in a normal, weighted, regular typeface;
(e) in relation to a unit packet, the size of the text is no larger than 10 point;
(f) in relation to a container packet, the size of the text is no larger than 14 point;
(g) the text appears only once;
(h) the text on any surface that contains a health warning is orientated in accordance with the warning.
4 Text giving details about producer
(1) A unit packet or container packet of cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco may have text printed on its external or internal packaging (but not on both its external and internal packaging) that states all or any of the following –
(a) the words "The producer's contact details are:";
(b) the name of the producer;
(c) the address of the producer;
(d) the email address of the producer;
(e) the telephone number of the producer.
(2) The text referred to in sub-paragraph (1) must comply with the following –
(a) the text must not contain any character that is not alphabetic, numeric or an ampersand, although the text of the email address may include an "@";
(b) the first letter of any word must be in upper-case type or lower-case type and the remaining letters of the word must be in lower-case type;
(c) the text must be printed in Helvetica font;
(d) the colour of the text must be –
(i) if it appears on the external packaging, Pantone Cool Gray 2 C with a matt finish, or
(ii) if it appears on the internal packaging, Pantone Cool Gray 2 C with a matt finish, Pantone 448 C with a matt finish or black with a matt finish;
(e) the text must be in a normal, weighted, regular typeface;
(f) the size of the text must not be larger than 10 point;
(g) the text must appear only once;
(h) the text must not appear on the front surface of the unit packet or container packet.
5 Text about cigarette papers and filters
(1) If a unit packet of hand rolling tobacco includes cigarette papers or filters, or both, the external packaging of the unit packet, and of any container packet in which it is contained, may have printed on it such of the following texts as is applicable –
(a) "includes cigarette papers and filters";
(b) "includes cigarette papers"; or
(c) "includes filters".
(2) If a container packet of hand rolling tobacco includes cigarette papers or filters, or both, the external packaging of the container packet may have printed on it such of the following texts as is applicable –
(3) The texts referred to in sub-paragraphs (1) and (2) must comply with the following –
(a) the text must be in lower-case type;
(b) the text must be printed in Helvetica font;
(c) the colour of the text must be Pantone Cool Gray 2 C with a matt finish;
(d) the text must be in a normal, weighted, regular typeface;
(e) the text must appear below any variant name (or, if there is no variant name, below any brand name);
(f) the size of the text must not be larger than 10 point; and
(g) the text must appear only once.
The external packaging of a unit packet or container packet of cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco may contain a barcode, but only if –
(a) the sole purpose of the barcode is to facilitate the sale, distribution and stock control of the tobacco product;
(b) the colour of the barcode is –
(i) black and white, or
(ii) Pantone 448 C and white;
(c) the barcode does not form a picture, pattern, image or symbol that is recognisable as anything other than a barcode;
(d) the barcode appears only once; and
(e) the barcode does not appear on the front surface of the unit packet or container packet.
7 Calibration mark
The external packaging of a unit packet or container packet of cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco may contain a calibration mark, but only if –
(a) the calibration mark appears only to the extent necessary for the automated manufacture of the packaging of the product; and
(b) the calibration mark, if visible or otherwise detectable, is as inconspicuous as possible so far as is consistent with its function in connection with that automated manufacture.
FURTHER CONDITIONS FOR THE PACKAGING OF TOBACCO PRODUCTS
1 Surfaces
(1) Any surface of the external or internal packaging of a unit packet or container packet of cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco –
(a) must be smooth and, in the case of a unit packet or container packet that is cuboid in shape, flat; and
(b) must contain no ridges, embossing or other irregularities of shape or texture.
(2) Nothing in sub-paragraph (1) prohibits the inclusion –
(a) in the case of a unit packet of hand rolling tobacco in the form of a pouch, of any feature that occurs as a necessary part of the process of sealing the pouch during its manufacture; or
(b) in the case of a unit packet or container packet of hand rolling tobacco that is cylindrical in shape, of any feature that is necessary to affix the bottom of the cylinder or to enable the lid of the cylinder to be opened and closed.
(3) Sub-paragraph (1) is subject to any provision to the contrary made by any enactment (whenever passed or made) other than these Regulations.
2 Inserts etc
(1) No insert or additional material may be attached to or included with the packaging of a unit packet or container packet of cigarettes or hand rolling tobacco.
(2) Despite sub-paragraph (1) –
(a) a barcode may be attached to packaging in the form of an adhesive label; and
(b) cigarette papers or filters may be included with a unit packet or container packet of hand rolling tobacco, provided they are not visible before the packet is opened.
3 Lining in unit packet of cigarettes
(1) If a unit packet of cigarettes contains a lining as part of its internal packaging –
(a) the lining must be a silver coloured foil with a white paper backing; and
(b) there must be no variation in the tone or shade of the foil.
(2) Despite Paragraph 1(1), the lining may be textured over any entire surface with small dots or squares embossed on the lining if –
(a) that texture is required for the purpose of –
(i) the automated manufacture of the lining, or
(ii) the packing of the cigarettes into the packet; and
(b) the dots or squares –
(i) are equidistant from each other,
(ii) are of uniform size, and
(iii) do not form a picture, pattern, image or symbol that is recognisable as anything other than a lining.
4 Tab and seal in unit packet of hand rolling tobacco
(1) If a unit packet of hand rolling tobacco has a tab for resealing the packet, the tab must be clear and transparent and not coloured or marked.
(2) If a unit packet of hand rolling tobacco that is cylindrical in shape contains a foil seal as part of its internal packaging, the foil seal must be coloured silver with no variation in tone or shade.
(3) Despite Paragraph 1(1), a foil seal may be textured over any entire surface with small dots or squares embossed on the seal if the dots or squares –
(a) are equidistant from each other;
(b) are of uniform size; and
(c) do not form a picture, pattern, image or symbol that is recognisable as anything other than a foil seal.
(4) Nothing in sub-paragraph (1) prevents a feature that is required to be carried by a unit packet of hand rolling tobacco by a provision of an enactment (whenever passed or made) other than these Regulations from being in the form of a tab.
5 Wrappers
(1) A container packet, a unit packet or an aggregation of unit packets that is not contained in a container packet may be enclosed by a wrapper, but only if –
(a) the wrapper is clear and transparent;
(b) the wrapper is not coloured or marked;
(c) any surface of the wrapper –
(i) is smooth and, in the case of a unit packet or container packet that is cuboid in shape, flat, and
(ii) does not contain any ridge, embossing or other irregularity of shape or texture that is not a necessary result of the packaging process; and
(d) there is nothing attached to the wrapper.
(2) A wrapper that encloses an aggregation of unit packets may have solid, black rectangles or squares but only to the extent necessary, and of a minimum size necessary, to cover any barcode on the unit packets enclosed within the wrapper.
(3) A wrapper may have a tear tape –
(a) that is –
(i) clear and transparent (and not coloured or marked), or
(ii) black;
(b) that forms a continuous straight line which is of a constant width not exceeding 3 mm; and
(c) that is parallel to any straight edge of the packet enclosed by the wrapper.
(4) Nothing in sub-paragraph (3)(a)(i) prevents the tear tape from including a single, solid black line that is not more than 15 mm long and indicates where the tear strip begins.
(5) A wrapper may contain a barcode (and that barcode may take the form of an adhesive label), but only if –
(e) the barcode does not appear on that part of the wrapper that covers the front of the container packet, unit packet or aggregation of unit packets.
(Regulation 11(2)(a))
TEXT WARNINGS AND CORRESPONDING IMAGES FOR COMBINED HEALTH WARNINGS
1. Smoking clogs your arteries
2. Don't let children breathe your smoke
3. Smoking causes blindness
4. Smoking causes lung cancer
5. Smoking doubles your risk of stroke
6. Tobacco smoke is toxic
7. Smoking harms unborn babies
8. Smoking causes peripheral vascular disease
9. Smoking causes emphysema
10. Quitting will improve your health
11. Smoking damages your gums and teeth
13. Smoking causes throat cancer
(Regulation 14(2)(b))
TEXT WARNING FOR CIGARS AND CIGARILLOS
1. "Smoking causes 9 out of 10 lung cancers".
2. "Smoking causes mouth and throat cancer".
3. "Smoking damages your lungs".
4. "Smoking causes heart attacks".
5. "Smoking causes stroke and disability".
6. "Smoking clogs your arteries".
7. "Smoking increases the risk of blindness".
8. "Smoking damages your teeth and gums".
9. "Smoking can kill your unborn child".
10. "Your smoke harms your children, family and friends".
11. "Smokers' children are more likely to start smoking".
12. "Quit smoking – stay alive for those close to you".
13. "Smoking reduces fertility".
14. "Smoking increases the risk of impotence".
Table of Endnote References
[3] chapter 20.825.93
[5] R&O.4/2011 (chapter 20.825.93)
[6] R&O.27/2019


text:
Welcome to Roasters Alley
The 2020 Melbourne International Coffee Expo will see some of the country's boldest coffee roasters display what puts Australia on the map.
One of the most famous fictitious alleyways in the world comes from the pages of Harry Potter. On his first trip to Diagon Alley, Harry is amazed by the magical stores littering the concealed street, selling everything from wands and broomsticks to pet owls and textbooks.
Less fanciful, but to a coffee lover just as magical, the Roasters Alley at the 2020 Melbourne International Coffee Expo (MICE2020) will present the latest and greatest offerings of some of Australia's best roasters.
"Roasters are a core segment of the coffee industry, so it's no wonder Roasters Alley is one of MICE's most popular features every year," MICE Show Director Lauren Winterbottom says.
"Australian coffee is well respected across the globe, and much of that is thanks to the hard work and development of the many roasters, small and large, that make up the industry."
Returning roasters include Adore, Axil, Cartel, Five Senses, Genovese, Lavazza, Mocopan Coffee, Ona Coffee, St Ali, Toby's Estate, Veneziano, Vertue, and Zest Specialty Coffee. New roasters joining the fold include Pablo & Rusty's and Undercover Roasters.
"More and more roasters take part in MICE every year, bringing with them new ideas and offerings," Lauren says. "This demonstrates the health of the Australian coffee industry and popularity of MICE as the Southern Hemisphere's must-attend coffee event."
With the 2020 World Barista Championship (WBC) and World Brewers Cup taking place at the event, MICE has seen a surge in companies looking to exhibit. One such company is Coffex Coffee Roasters, which will be returning to MICE after a six-year hiatus. Ernest Tong, Marketing and Quality Control Manager of the Melbourne-based roaster, says the competitions highlight what makes coffee special to a broader community.
"World Coffee Events promote and stand for what specialty coffee can be," Ernest says. "When it hosts the world coffee championships, it means a lot to the specialty coffee community and helps promote a product that can be accessible to everyone."
Ernest says MICE2020 will also be the perfect opportunity to raise brand awareness for Coffex.
"The world's eyes will be on Melbourne. Being involved in MICE next year is the best possible opportunity to be seen for any person involved in coffee," he says.
"MICE brings together everyone in the industry and puts them in one spot that is the focus of the public for a weekend every year – or in 2020's case, a week. As a company and wholesaler, it's an opportunity to showcase our products and development, or even just to connect with the local industry again."
MICE doesn't just unite Victoria's coffee community. The whole country takes part.
"The key to the success of the Australian market is the comradery we have in the industry. Everyone is so open and willing to share," Ernest says.
"Because we're so geographically removed from everywhere else, the industry cannot afford to ostracise each other. That's probably why the Melbourne coffee scene is so strong and respected throughout the world."
Trevor Simmons, Founder of roaster and first-time MICE exhibitor Industry Beans, agrees that Melbourne's coffee credibility is thanks to cooperation among the industry. He adds that MICE helps the city maintain its reputation as a coffee capital.
"It's one of the coffee events around the world that people are most aware of, and it draws them to Melbourne," Trevor says.
"Next year's MICE is going to be a really big one, and it's good for the industry. We've always been big supporters of the Melbourne coffee scene and I felt this upcoming MICE, with the WBC and general enthusiasm towards it, was the right time to step up our involvement."
Industry Beans intends to use MICE2020 as a launch pad for events and campaigns that will continue throughout its stores in Victoria, New South Wales, and Queensland.
"A big part of what we do is seasonality. Every three months, our company goes through a change in terms of what coffee we're sourcing, food we're creating, and wholesale and retail products we're offering, based on what's in season or available," he says.
"Seasonality will be a big push of what we will do at MICE and we're not treating it as a one-off event. It presents the opportunity for us to bring the narrative of our coffee and hospitality offering to a new audience, who can then experience the same core elements in our cafés and through our online channels."
With increased international presence at MICE2020, Trevor says there is an opportunity to form connections with companies based abroad.
"We've been lucky to form a couple of international partnerships, especially in South-East Asia and the Middle East. Our focus in on finding the right places for our brand and our coffee," he says.
"We'll reengage some of those connections as well as look for new ones. Any connection you can make is awesome, whether that's overseas or at home in a city like Perth."
While the WBC is generating hype for MICE2020, Trevor says this is not the only reason to get excited for the event.
"The WBC makes a big difference, but what's more important is the flow-on effect it has. People talk about the competition and want to get involved in the expo, which creates even more reason to be there," Trevor says. "A lot of roasters or younger companies which don't usually exhibit get to take the opportunity to reset and add some new life or direction to it.
"There's so many people in the industry, and there each doing something fresh, innovative, and different. It's exciting to be a part of."
This article appears in the October 2019 edition of BeanScene. Subscribe HERE.
MICE2020 takes place from 4 to 7 May. For more information and to get tickets, visit www.internationalcoffeeexpo.com

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I'm Tharja—just a typical spring bride! So, point me in the direction of my fated one, and I'll handle the rest.
This gown is simply stifling... But I suppose we all suffer for those we love, from time to time.
Love is a hex that binds two souls for as long as they both shall live.
Whether I'm the hexed or the one doing the hexing... I'm ready.
Ahh, I feel so relaxed right now... Maybe I'll cast a little curse on you.
A little bit of this... And a little of that... Hmhmhm... This love potion will... Huh? Oh, it's you.
Trust me when I say you're better off forgetting what you saw just now.
Here's a message from [Friend]. Don't worry—I didn't hide a curse inside.
I know who I'm fated to be with, of course. After all, I'm dressed up just for him.
But then I came here and met you... And, well, somehow you've become just as important to me.
So how am I supposed to choose between the two of you? Ugh, this is all your fault.
So, now what should I do? I used to think love was a hex of happiness.
But now I see it's a curse as dark and malicious as any other.


In the event of a suspected spinal injury or fatality the club or school must call the Serious Injury Case Manager (SICM) on 1800 036 156 in the first instance.
A Serious Injury is defined as any head of neck injury that results in a player being treated at an emergency department, hospital, or after-hours medical centre, or any injury that results in the admission of a player into hospital. (Note: This does not include players taken to an Emergency Department and allowed home from there).
A Serious Injury Report must then be completed within 48 hours of the injury.
The Serious Injury Protocol is to be followed in the event of a serious injury or fatality as below.
Provide immediate on-field medical care and arrange suitable transportation (i.e. ambulance) to the hospital for the injured player.
Club/school representative to phone the Rugby Australia Serious Injury Case Manager (SICM) on the Rugby Australia Hotline 1800 036 156. This number is a call back service and your details will be passed on to the SICM who will call you back ASAP. Please have all details of the incident ready to pass on to the SICM.
SICM to establish initial contact with designated hotline caller to ascertain current status.
SICM notifies Rugby AU General Manager (GM) of Community Rugby or designate of situation.
SICM or GM notifies designated representative responsible for zone/region/state union (e.g.: New South Wales Country Rugby – Executive Officer).
Designated representative responsible for zone/region/state is to establish one point of contact with the club/school/zone to coordinate situation (e.g.: President/Executive Officer).
SICM or GM to notify Rugby AU Media Manager.
SICM, GM and representative responsible for the zone/region/state to establish a process of support as required.
For further club, school and union responsibilities following the event as well as information of the Rugby Australia Welfare Fund please read the Serious Injury Protocol.
For insurance claims and information please view the Rugby Australia Insurance page or contact Gow-Gates Insurance Brokers for more information on 1800 811 371 or visit www.gowgates.com.au/rugby.


text:
Project Aon
The following rules are intended as guidelines to aid in creating a uniform style for the Internet Editions (IE). Feel free to break the rules if you have good reason. The rules don't necessarily reflect the current practice as of the first revision of this document and therefore the early releases of the Internet Editions may vary considerably from the stated rules.
Those members of the Project who are more familiar with American spelling may tend to see misspellings where there are none. Be sure to check if a misspelling may, in fact, be a valid British spelling.
The IE will follow the British convention regarding quotation marks. What we're terming the British convention is to use a single quotation mark to enclose a quotation, only using a double quotation mark in cases where the content of a quotation requires the inclusion of a quotation as well. A trivial example:
Lone Wolf replied, 'The giaks yelled "Shaag!"'
Emdashes will be represented as a double hyphen surrounded by no spaces in formats incapable of representing the emdash directly. Endashes will similarly be represented as a single hyphen.
The darklord--not Lone Wolf--died.
If the number you've picked is between 1-4
In formats capable of rendering proper emdashes, they will be surrounded by a non-breaking space to the left and a standard space to the right. Preferably, these will be thin spaces such as those defined in Unicode NARROW NO-BREAK SPACE U+202F and THIN SPACE U+2009. If not, standard width spaces (e.g. NO-BREAK SPACE U+00A0 and SPACE U+0020) may be substituted.
Apostrophe-s will always follow a singular possessive noun even when the noun ends in "s".
Alyss's bravery
Poetry & Verse
Any poetry that appears in the IE will be indented from the left margin and the original line breaks will be preserved.
Signs that appear as text - as opposed to an illustration - in the original published versions will be set in all caps and centered. The original page breaks will be preserved. Signs that were originally represented with an illustration but for which we have no replacements or rights for the original will follow a similar convention.
The names of the basic character stats - Combat Skill, Endurance and Willpower - will be set in all caps. The typeface will be reduced to four-fifths the size of the surrounding typeface. Modifiers to attributes will appear with a '+' or '-' followed immediately by the number. If it is an abbreviation of the attribute, the abbreviation will follow the number immediately (e.g. +3CS). Otherwise, it will be preceded by a space (e.g. +3 COMBAT SKILL).
All direct references to the name of a published document will be set in italic typeface:
The Caverns of Kalte
Unordered lists will be represented as a bulleted list.
Serial (Oxford, Harvard) Comma
To prevent ambiguity, all comma separated lists of three or more items will have a serial comma before the joining "and" or "or".
Lone Wolf quaffed Laumspur, Alether, and Oede but still felt a bit weak.
To show how not using the serial comma can be ambiguous we have the following dedication to a published book:
To my parents, Ayn Rand and God
I don't know who was more offended, God or Ayn Rand.
Inter-sentence Spacing
The period (.) following the end of a sentence will in turn be followed by a single space - not two. This convention began because of the practice of web browsers truncating contiguous white-space characters to a single space.
Referring to Numbered Sections
When referring to numbered sections, the word 'Section' will be capitalized.
Item Names
The names of items that can be picked up and carried, that are already carried, or that are in the midst of being discarded will be in initial caps (e.g. Vordak Gem). If the item names appear in all caps, they will be converted to initial caps. The words 'weapon', 'backpack', etc. will only be capitalized when it refers directly to the Action Chart or to items owned by the character, not in the general sense of those words. (e.g. 'Record this Weapon on your Action Chart', but 'The Giak has no weapon'.) The word 'item' by itself should not be capitalised.
Personal Titles and Ship's Names
Titles should be capitalised if they immediately precede the name (e.g. Captain Prarg). When they appear on their own, only sufficiently exalted names should be capitalised:
God/Goddess
Fryearl
Lord-lieutenant
But only when referring to a specific person or persons (e.g. "the King of Sommerlund" but not "only a king of Sommerlund can...").
Others should not be capitalized when appearing without a person's name:
lord (or lords)
The names of ships and books should be italicized.
Capitalization of Enemy and Creature Names
Names of sentient creatures and races are capitalized. The names of enemies are also capitalized within the section where they are fought. This will often be a judgment call. A list of specific capitalizations follows:
Giak
doomwolf
All Capitalized Text
Portions of text that appeared in the original publication as all caps should in general be converted to capitalization appropriate for the context and occasionally presented with a bold or italic typeface.
One exception is in the case of character attributes (e.g. COMBAT SKILL and ENDURANCE) should be presented in all caps but reduced in size to 0.8em.
Section Titles
All section should have initial capitalization including those that didn't in the original (e.g. 'How to carry equipment').
Collective Nouns and Subject-predicate Agreement
Subject-predicate agreement in number in the case of collective nouns (e.g. "a horde of rats chases", "a troop of Giaks patrol", "the volley of arrows flies") has no hard and fast rules. Therefore, deference is given to the text as originally printed unless there is a compelling reason to make a change.
Footnotes should be used sparingly and only when necessary. Examples of footnote usage include:
Clarification of potentially confusing rules mechanics (e.g. cumulative/non-cumulative bonuses to Random Number picks)
Reminders of non-standard or obscure rules (e.g. use of the Sommerswerd on the Plane of Darkness)
Historical/geographical/narrative discontinuities that are not easily resolved (e.g. "orphaned" sections)
"Puzzle" footnotes (e.g. "The section with the correct answer will contain a footnote..." / "This is the correct solution to the puzzle in Section x.")
When not too intrusive, it is preferable that reminders to add or erase items should be added the text as errata rather than being presented as a footnote. This is ultimately a judgement call on the part of the editor. The added text should follow the standard terminology used in that particular book (e.g. "Remember to add the x to your Action Chart."). These additions should be made sympathetically to the text, and it will often be necessary to enclose them within parentheses to avoid breaking up the flow of the narrative too much.
Combat options that are ambiguous should be corrected rather than footnoted. For example, "If the combat lasts more than four rounds, turn to x" should be corrected to either "If you win and the combat lasts more than four rounds, turn to x" or "If the combat lasts more than four rounds, turn immediately to x" dependent upon the text of the subsequent section.
Similarly, Kai Weapon bonus reminders (Books 21-28) should be added to the text as errata, not introduced as footnotes.
Footnote Markers
Footnote markers will be Arabic numerals (i.e. 1, 2, 3, . . .), will be typeset higher and smaller than surrounding text (i.e. superscripted) and will follow trailing punctuation.
Order of Choices
This is a matter of personal discretion in many cases, but the order of the choices at the end of a section should be from most specific cases to the default. (e.g. First "If you have the Kai Discipline of Hunting, . . ." then "Otherwise, . . .")
The choices at the end of a section are preferably referred to as "choices" or "options", but not "links".
Errata Wording
"Removed" and "replaced . . . with" are preferred to "deleted" and "Changed . . . to".
Compound Modifiers
Compound modifiers should be hyphenated when used to directly modify a noun, but left unhyphenated if used as a predicate adjective:
ice-cool nerves
He is ice cool under pressure.
If a compound modifier is very common, it will sometimes be merged into a single new word (e.g. awestruck, airtight).
However, noun-noun and adverb-adjective modifiers are generally not hyphenated since there is little danger of confusion.
He is a well known author.
He peers through the now open door.
Thought Speech
Thought speech should be italicized in formats that support italic type, and should not be contained within quotation marks.
Cardinal Directions
Cardinal directions should be unhyphenated
Singular "Their"
The word "their" used in the singular is not an error.
… any player should be able to complete the mission, no matter how weak their initial COMBAT SKILL or ENDURANCE points score.
Illustration Captions
Line breaks in illustration captions need not follow the original. They should be be formatted according to the constraints of the output format.
Onomatopoeic terms constructed as verbs (e.g. clicks, clanging) should not be italicised. "Thud" should never be marked as onomatopoeia.
I.e. and E.g.
The abbreviations "i.e." and "e.g." will have a period following each letter and not have a following comma.
(i.e. Weapons, Backpack, Special Items, and Belt Pouch)
(e.g. if your pencil fell on the number 4 …)
Specific Words and Phrases
Entries for incorrect uses are marked with an asterisk: "(*)".
Anskaven (not Anskavern)
alehouse
alether (only capitalized when an item)
antechamber (not ante-chamber)
Arrow (capitalised only when it has been, is now, or could be an item in the character's inventory)
arrow slit
awestruck
axe blade (see blade)
back-breaking (adj)
back breaking (pred adj)
backhanded
battle-axe
battle-cry
battle-frenzy
battle-smoke
bell-tower
blade (separate word in uses like "sword blade", "axe blade")
blood-spattered (adj)
blood spattered (pred adj)
bloodstain
booby trap (noun)
booby-trapped
boom-sail (nonsensical word?)
bore-hole
Bor musket
bowstring (not bow-string)
burnt-out
campfire (not "camp fire" or "camp-fire")
careen - used only when the sense is "to lurch or swerve" (see career)
career (v) - used only when the sense is "to rush" (see careen)
cave mouth
Cener Druid
Chasm of Doom (a proper noun)
cheek-bones
chequered (not "checkered")
cliff-face
cliff-top
counterattack
countercharge
cream-coloured
cross-legged
curled up
cut-throat
death-blow
death-cry
Demonlord (when referring to Agarash, Tagazin etc.)
dirt-encrusted (adj)
dirt encrusted (pred adj)
dispatch (not despatch)
Discipline - capitalized when referring to the Kai, Magnakai, etc. disciplines
Drakkar (s.), Drakkarim (pl.), Drakkarim (adj.)
(*)drawbolt (should be replaced by "bolt")
élite - should be used in its accented form
fast-flowing
feet-first (adj, adv)
feet first (pred adj)
finger-bones
first floor (noun phrase)
first-floor (adj)
focused (not "focussed")
Freeland (not freestate)
gaming-house
Grand Master (also Grand Mastery)
grey-haired
guild-house
haft (not compounded as "spear-haft")
hand-bell
hand-rail
head-first (adj, adv)
head first (pred adj)
Helghast (the plural form is also Helghast)
herbwarden
house mouse (or mice)
ice-cool (adj)
ice cool (pred adj)
ice-cold (adj)
ice cold (pred adj)
ice creature
ill omen
impostor (not "imposter")
infravision
jet-black
jungle-swamp (not "swamp-jungle")
Kai Lord
Kai Monastery
Kaltersee (not Kaltesee)
knuckle-duster
koura-tas-kai
laumspur (only capitalized when an item)
leather-bound
left hand (noun phrase)
left-hand (adj) (except: Left-handed Magic)
life-force
Ligan (s.), Liganim (pl.), Liganim (adj.)
lightning-fast (adj)
lightning fast (pred adj)
lockplate
longsword - single word when referring to a specific type of sword
lopsided (not "lop-sided")
Lore-circle
Magi-magic
market square (not "market-square")
Mindblend
monastery (this word referring to the Kai Monastery is not capitalized when on its own)
Monastery of the Kai (see "monastery")
much (not "much-needed", etc.)
myriad (both "myriad X" and "myriad of X" are acceptable)
Nadziran (s.), Nadziranim (pl.), Nadziranim (adj.)
neck-chains
Northlander
notice board (not "notice-board")
octopoid
outdistance
pack-ice
pike head
pinpoint (noun and verb)
pot-hole
psi-power
Psi-screen (not Psi-shield)
Psi-surge
rain-swept
razor-sharp
reconquer
re-pick
rib cage
right hand (noun phrase)
right-hand (adj) (except: Right-handed Magic)
rock-face
rough-hewn (always hyphenated)
sea-storm
semicircles
Shadow Gate
shadow-shape
shield-wall
shock wave (not shockwave or shock-wave)
short-lived
shoulder blade
siege-works
sloat
spear haft (see "haft")
spread-eagle
spy-hole
staff-bearer
Sun-crystal (not "Sun-Crystal")
sun-sword (not capitalized)
super-senses
(*)swamp-jungle (see "jungle-swamp")
sword belt (not "swordbelt")
(*)syphon (see "siphon")
tavern-keeper (not tavernkeeper)
tell-tale
torchlit
tree trunk
tree-line
try to (instead of "try and")
unmistakable
Varettian
vicious-looking
wafer-thin (adj)
wafer thin (pred adj)
wagonload
war-cries
war fleet
war-horn
war-like
War-thane (not War Thane)
water-mill
"well-" (see Compound Modifiers)
zigzag (not "zig-zag")
Updated: October 03, 2013, at 09:29 AM
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People interested in Hot Coals Catering also enquired with the Wedding Caterers suppliers below.
* Fresh ingredients cooked on site.
* Delicious wood fired catering.
* We can also cater from a venue/kitchen of your choice.
* We guarantee that no guests go hungry.
* Specialists in dietary requirements.
* Catering Services; Fingerfood, Table Service, Platters to Table, Banquet, Grazing Tables & Buffets (Savoury & Desserts).
* Wedding Cake - Cut and Plattered, Free of Charge!
* Bar Attendants (all RSA trained).
* Professional industry knowledge and experience.
* We interact with and care for your guests to ensure a good time is had by all.
* We go above and beyond .. let us surprise you!
* Customised quotes to suit your needs. Changeable as many times you like up until one week prior to your wedding.
Having been in the industry for over 30 years, we can be your "one stop shop" for all your wedding needs.
*Every month we have a Tasting event at our premises for you to come try our food & meet us, before you book your event!
5% DISCOUNT FOR FRIDAY OR SUNDAY WEDDINGS IN NOV THROUGH APRIL!
We were so happy with the catering provided by Hot Coals! We wanted platters on the tables for guests to share between themselves & everybody said it was delicious & the amount was perfect. The whole process of coming up with a menu, & going along to a tasting night was great. Communication with the staff (Jacqui especially!!) was so easy & they were always accomodating! We would love to use them again if we have the chance & would recommend them to anybody looking for mobile catering!
Thank you for saying such kind things Loretta, we oed being part of your day. I am so glad everyone was pleased with our food and service. Hope to see you again one day.
Hot Coals catered our wedding at The Briar's Barn in Mount Martha in January and we cannot recommend them highly enough. From initial consultation, to being patient with my indecisions and extra requests, through to on the day catering, the whole team was helpful, knowledgeable, friendly and remained in constant contact! The food served, mainly wood fire pizza's and cocktail food, was raved about by all the guests, no one left hungry and even those with dietary requirements were amazed at the service they provided in ensuring they had plenty of food they were able to eat! The servers and bar staff were all very attentive, friendly and knew what they were doing. They looked after everything and allowed my husband and I to enjoy the night with our guests, we cannot thank them enough!
Oh Danika, thank you so much for this lovely review of our business. We were so pleased for you that your day was as amazing as you'd hoped. All the best.
Hot Coals Catering did the most wonderful job of catering for our wedding in the Yarra Valley in 2018. Many guests mentioned throughout the night how lovely the staff were and how delicious the food was. No-one went hungry (or thirsty!), and our guests with dietary requirements were well looked after. Hot Coals made the planning for our event so very easy and were very flexible when changes were made in the lead-up to our big day.
Hi Jacinta! We are so grateful you took the time to give us such a lovely review. I'm so glad everything went well for you on your amazing day and your guests were pleased with hot Coals. All the best to you both!
Very easy to deal with and worked with all our requests. Food was beautiful and catered for all allergies/dietary requirements.
Hi Zoey. Thanks for the kind review; we were so thrilled to be part of your day and so glad your dietary guests were happy with their food. All the best for the future.
Jacqui and the team were fantastic! Lots of communication to ensure we got what we wanted, lots of tasty food, lots of flexibility, fantastic service and friendly people! I was so happy with their work, and all my guests were happy too. They were very organised and are perfect if you're having your wedding a bit out of town, as they can still cook on site!
Thank you so much Louise for providing this lovely feedback; we loved working with you too! We wish you all the very best for the future.


Endometriosis affects every woman differently, so there isn't a treatment plan that's guaranteed to work for everyone. But certain lifestyle changes, home remedies, treatment strategies, and prescription medications can make this condition more manageable on a day-to-day level.
Keep reading to find out what you can do to ease endometriosis pain and other symptoms.
Endometriosis pain reduction is different for everyone. Finding a way to reduce your pain might be a process of trial and error.
2. Use a rice sock. Some women prefer to use a rice sock instead of a heating pad. Taking a clean sock, filling it with uncooked rice, and microwaving it for up to two minutes creates a mechanism to deliver heat to your aching muscles.
3. Take warm baths. Much like applying dry heat, warm baths can also work to relax your muscles and ease pain from cramping.
4. Stay hydrated. Drinking plenty of water can help reduce bloating and cramping. On days that feel especially hard, dehydration might be a factor.
5. Try a TENS machine. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) units emit vibrations that can cut down on pain and relax muscles. You can try a TENS machine at a physical therapist or purchase an affordable home unit online.
6. Keep medication on hand. Sharon Rosenblatt, who was diagnosed with endometriosis at age 26, shared that she used to always take ibuprofen (Advil) for her endometriosis pain. "I've winnowed down now," she shared, since she started continuous hormonal birth control.
You might not be able to fully get rid of your endometriosis pain. But that doesn't mean you have to be paralyzed by the way the pain affects you. It also doesn't mean you should pretend that the pain doesn't exist. Pain management comes down to being prepared to deal with symptoms before they actually start.
1. Use an app to track your symptoms. Many period tracking apps, like Eve, let you input your symptoms and rate their severity. Take advantage of this feature to help predict how your cycle will influence your symptoms and pain.
2. Maintain a healthy lifestyle. Taking care of yourself by not smoking, not binge-drinking alcohol, and avoiding narcotics will keep your body feeling at its best.
3. Plan ahead. You know your body, and managing endometriosis means you're getting to know it even better. Give yourself extra time to get to events and get ready for work on the days of your cycle that you suspect your symptoms will flare.
4. Schedule self-care. Taking time to unwind, listen to your body, and fit your endometriosis needs into your schedule will help you feel in control of your symptoms.
5. Eat your veggies. There's a lot we still don't know about what causes endometriosis. But one studyshowed a connection between low vegetable intake and endometriosis. Most vegetables are also high in fiber, which can help your digestion when you're on your period.
6. Know that fatty acids are your friend. If you eat foods with lot of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, you may feel better overall. Omega-3's may also improve endometriosis symptoms.
7. Go natural. Dioxin, a chemical found in some pesticides and animal food sources, may triggerendometriosis. By cutting down on animal products that you consume and aiming to eat a low-gluten and organic diet as much as you can, you'll be cutting your exposure to environmental toxins like dioxin. "I try to eat pretty cleanly to manage my symptoms and avoid soy at all costs due to the hormonal spike it can cause," Connolly told us.
8. Try acupuncture. Researchers have been optimistic about acupuncture as a pain management tool for endometriosis.
Chronic pain can raise your cortisol levels, which changes the way that you experience stress. When cortisol levels remain high over time, they can result in a hormone imbalance, which can actually makeyour endometriosis worse.
Developing stress-relief strategies may help you keep your cortisol levels low and reduce your symptoms over time.
1. Meditate. Meditation apps can guide you through the process of learning this ancient practice. By meditating for even five minutes a day, you can reduce stress.
2. Practice mindfulness. Mindfulness is an arm of meditation that involves accepting your surroundings and staying aware of them. Mindfulness has been shown to reduce the symptoms of anxiety.
3. Try essential oil aromatherapy. Using a diffuser and a few drops of your favorite relaxing scent can help you feel at ease. Lavender oil and cinnamon oil are both popular essential oils for reducing anxiety.
4. Drink herbal teas. Drinking decaffeinated green tea, ginger tea, and chamomile tea is known to be an easy and fast way to decompress. Try incorporating a warm brew into your nightly routine to cut stress.
5. Do yoga. Yoga has been established as an effective pain management technique for endometriosis. It also decreases stress.
6. Practice breathing techniques. Deep breathing techniques are simple to learn and easy to do anywhere. These techniques can de-escalate your stress levels and help you feel less pain.
7. Take vitamin D and vitamin B supplements. Vitamin D is known as the "happiness supplement" because it decreases anxiety and depression. Vitamin B helps by giving your energy a boost on days when your endometriosis symptoms hit hard.
8. Visit a green space. Taking a trip to a local garden or park may decrease your stress.
9. Go for a run. Running, resistance training, and other kinds of aerobic exercise help your body cope with anxiety. They can also help decrease side effects of certain pain medications.
Endometriosis isn't a condition with an easy answer or quick-fix treatment. You may be working toward an effective treatment solution for some time. In the meantime, you don't have to lose every day that you have to severe pain.
1. Be honest with yourself. You don't have to do things you don't want to do, nor do you have to give up things just because endometriosis makes them intimidating. Evaluate how you feel about your condition on a frequent basis.
2. Be honest with others. Communicate your diagnosis to your friends and family. Let them know ahead of time that you might sometimes need to stay home at take care of your endometriosis. This conversation will help them understand later if you decide to skip some events to take care of your needs.
3. Have a safe space. When you arrive at a bar, restaurant, or event venue, scope out your surroundings. Identify a space where you can go if you need to take a minute to breathe, practice mindfulness, or wait for pain relievers to take effect.
4. Find a point person at work. While you may be open about your condition with your friends and family, having a specific person at work that is close to you and is invested in how you're feeling can also help you feel less alone. In addition, this means there's someone in your corner if you're taking days off for treatment or doctor's appointments.
5. Travel prepared. Keeping an endometriosis care pack in your vehicle, at your desk, or in your suitcase can ensure that you're never without what you need. Travel-sized heat wraps, packets of pain relievers, and relaxing essential oils can all be transported easily wherever you go.
6. Find a mental health professional. Processing your diagnosis with a mental health professional can save you a lot of questions and confusion later on. Endometriosis can increase your risk for anxiety and depression, so having a counselor or psychotherapist to check in with can be a lifeline.
There isn't a cure for endometriosis, but symptom management is possible. If you're still experiencing unusually severe or persistent pain, talk with your doctor. You may need to adjust your birth control method or prescription medications.


Questions 22-32 are based on the following passage.
Passage 1 is adapted from Nichol as Carr,"Author Nichol as Carr:The Web Shatters Focus, Rewires Brains."©2010 by Condé Nast. Passage 2 is from Steven Pinker,"Mind over Mass Media."©2010 by The New York Times Company.
info-crunching are not universally bad.
20 probable value of a Web page in a matter of seconds.
adept our brain becomes at those tasks.
50 reading and thinking deeply.
information-processing capacities of the brain.
the driver cuts deal son his cell phone.
80 lots of novels, scientists read lots of science.
likely to be far more limited than the panic implies.
90 your thoughts into bullet point sand on line postings.
(A) It should be thoroughly studied.
(B) It makes the brain increasingly rigid.
(C) It has some positive effects.
(D) It should be widely encouraged.


text:
Call for contributions AR@K22: Improvisation – Risks, Responses, Rewards (deadline: 31 January)
WEEK 5, 31/1
The next AR@K symposium at Kristiania University College in Oslo will take place on 15 March and we are currently looking for contributions from across the fields of artistic research. Deadline for abstracts: 31 January.
Artistic Research @ Kristiania (AR@K), annual symposium in Oslo, Norway // Call for Contributions AR@K22: Improvisation – Risks, Responses, Rewards.
Improvisation enjoys the curious distinction of being both the most widely practiced of all musical activities and the least acknowledged and understood. – Derek Bailey, musician, 1993.
Improvisation and pre-planned composition are not opposites, but part of a continuum. - Kathryn Millard, filmmaker/screenwriter, 2016
With the use of improvisational methods in the rehearsal process, I think the result becomes more unexpected, more original, more personal, more emotional and almost always more contemporary and modern. – Tyra Tønnesen, stage director, 2006
Improvisation as an artistic tool, method, or even a paradigm, seems to be situated at the center of discourses related to both artistic practice and artistic research. Be it from within the artistic realms of music, theatre, dance, painting, or writing, improvisation is often associated with the notions of spontaneity, impulsive interaction, and being counterintuitive to previous knowledge. But how free, unstructured and unplanned is improvisation supposed to be?
Artists and researchers who draw upon artistic practice as a medium of creating and facilitating knowledge often rely upon skills that are central to improvisation, such as "an openness to uncertainty, an attunement to difference and the aesthetic intelligence necessary to track significance" (Sajnani 2012). Indeed, both practice-based and practice-led approaches of inquiry utilize improvisation as it seems to offer a rewarding way to illuminate all kinds of aesthetic practices. Theorists and practitoners have long since drawn parallels between traditional scientific laboratory experiments and artistic experiments in the sense that both are often far less rigidly method-based than assumed and that they rely strongly on notions of intuition, serendipity, instability, epistemological uncertainty, and, indeed, improvisation. As such, improvisation might serve as a common denominator, a means to facilitate a valuable dialogue between the not so separate worlds of scientific and artistic research. In essence, both the scientific and the artistic experiment might be what John Cage once described as "simply an action the outcome of which is not foreseen" (in Mersch 2009).
Improvisation inspires us to embrace the unforeseen, it teaches us to accept unpredictability and it raises our awareness of the artistic process to achieve the ultimate goal of artistic research: "In and through practices, knowledge comes into being" (Borgdorff 2012).
The use of improvisational methods and techniques could illuminate how we operate as artists, teachers, utilizers of technology, sociocultural actors, indeed, as humans, on a variety of interconnected spheres and platforms first and foremost shaped by arbitrariness, randomness and chaos. As theatre scholar Ric Knowles once put it: "we navigate the unexpected by improvising everyday" (2010).
We are delighted to announce the return of the AR@K symposium, a one-day event at Kristiania University College in Oslo, Norway. The upcoming symposium will take place on 15 March 2022, and we are looking for contributions from across the fields of artistic research. When we engage in activities of which the outcome is unknown, we take risks. Responses to these risks are highly diverse, as are the potential rewards. At AR@K22, we seek to shed light on both the risks, responses and rewards of improvisation. Participants are encouraged, but not limited, to explore topics such as:
Teaching improvisation / improvisational teaching
Histories and traditions of improvisation
Epistemologies of improvisation
Methods of improvisation / improvisation as method
Improvisation and technology
The psychology of improvisation
The relationship of scientific and artistic improvisation
Frameworks of improvisation
Improvisation and performance
Improvisation as boundary work
Improvisation as a democratic tool
Improvisation across cultures and contexts
We are encouraging artists, artistic researchers and academics from across the fields of (but not limited to) film, theatre, music, dance, literature, linguistics, cultural studies, social sciences, technology and computer sciences, media-studies, and pedagogy to submit abstracts of possible contributions.
The abstract must have a title and be limited to 200 words. Presentation at the symposium should be a maximum of 20 minutes in length (+ 10 mins for questions). Please state your name, affiliation and contact information. Also, include a brief biographical statement (100 words) detailing your artistic and research practice.
We encourage a variation of formats, such as performances, posters and installations (technical equipment and stage facilities are available), in addition to traditional paper-presentations and lecture talks. Presentations requested in any Scandinavian language or English.
Please note: In light of the logistic uncertainties related to the covid-19 pandemic the symposium might be conducted as a hybrid event, meaning that both on-site and digital presentations will be possible. Practical issues related to the form of each presentation will be discussed with the participants individually.
Please send your abstracts to arak@kristiania.no.
The deadline for abstracts is 31 January 2022.
For an overview of AR@K's previous presentations and contributors, please see the program schedules for:
AR@K 2019
Please feel free to share this call for contributions in your respective communities and to anyone who might be interested.
Call for contributions AR@K22.pdf
The Artistic Research Group at Kristiania University College, Oslo / January 2022


normal for this species or is this a mutation?
structure is the same as "Thailand Giant strain"
> normal for this species or is this a mutation?
Please send us a photo! I am not able to ''picture'' what you are describing.
>> normal for this species or is this a mutation?


Today we will look at what complexity theory tells us about the reasons for phenomena as apparently diverse as earthquakes and the movement of markets. Then we'll look at how New Zealand, Fed policy, gold, oil, and that lone investor in St. Louis are all tied together in a critical state. Of course, how critical and which state are the issues.
This is an encore appearance of the letter that is clearly the most popular one I have ever written, updated with a few thoughts from recent times (it was also part of a chapter in Endgame). Numerous reviewers have stated that this one letter should be read every year. As you read, or reread, I'll be enjoying a week off. I have gone off to a secret location to relax and get away, all by my lonesome, which is something I have really not done for years. It will be interesting to see if I can adjust to all the peace and quiet, but so far I am coping quite well. And now, let's think about ubiquity.


The CPR MICROSHIELD® is designed for single person rescue allowing the first responder to administer CPR confidently while using the proper CPR techniques. Each CPR MICROSHIELD® is individually packaged, complete with easy to read instructions. The sealed pouch offers a tamper evident, waterproof closure assuring the first responder a clean, ready to use device. Ideal for long term storage in first aid kits, vehicles and equipment cases.
Large Variety of Compact Packaging Options.
Control 3 Home Care Kit, 2 oz.


Signature Market Black Friday offer FREE Organic Soy Milk Powder + BPA Free Shaker Worth RM 45.90! Exclusively for new Customer only, need to purchase RM 88 or more to get Complimentary Organic Soy Milk Powder + BPA Free Shaker, Worth RM 45.90.. Must purchase within 60 minutes (click here). Terms & Conditions apply, while stock last!
FREE Soy Milk + Shaker Giveaway!


KKE Enterprise was now preparing the Business Plan in order to introduce Melastoma malabathricum L. (MML) Natural Preservatives to the related industry. KKE Enterprise will apply special constructed natural preservative to inhibit the growth of microorganism that caused spoilage to the end products and at once to increase their shelf life. These products, called MML preservative (MMLP), have the ability to stop the activity of microbial such as B. cereus, B. subtilis, S. typhi, and E. coli. We will supply the complete dried powder at lower price.


Three stars for the amazing artwork.
The artwork in Firebug is as lovely as the story is confusing.
Like, I'm not sure I have a good enough handle on the plot to offer even the briefest of summaries. There are so many warring factions that it's hard to know who we're supposed to root for most of the time.
At first, it seems clear-cut: the Cult of the Goddess is holding a Goddess captive and crushing the rebels who dare to challenge their (unjustly seized) religious authority. But wait, no: the High Priestess keeps the temperamental Goddess sedated so that her histrionics won't trigger a volcanic eruption, killing us all.
And the forest spirits are bad, a gauntlet for our heroes to cross on the way to Azar. But no really, they're the city's protectors, from none other than Keegan, the new Goddess, and our story's protagonist.
Throw in the Volcano Goddess's sister, the Goddess of Water, and I am positively flummoxed. I really wanted to root for her, if only because her fish body is in the "so ugly it's cute" territory.
Chalk this one up to good idea/poor execution. Three stars for the art, because it truly is stunning. I also loved the "Gospel According to Amina" vignettes, which evoked memories of Octavia Butler's Parables duology.
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