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Annaleigh Ashford goes Broadway in new 'B Positive' opener
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B Positive co-star Annali Esford is reconsidering her Broadway roots in the new opening credits of the CBS sitcom – reminiscent of a sensational music scene number.
In a three-minute montage filmed over four days at the Warner Bros. lottery in Burbank, Ashford will play Gina in the series B Positive – who inherited $ 48 million from a grateful resident and bought aid at the season 2 premiere. the place where he works.
The new opening credits reflect a change in the show's tone last season, in which party girl Gina's high school acquaintance offered to donate a kidney directly to her single father, Drew (Thomas Middleditch), he underwent dialysis and he hoped to survive. healthy itself for transplantation (this was successful). This season, Drew expressed his love for Gina. (Middledich, wearing a tuxedo, also appears in the new opening series.)
"[Series creator] Chuck Lorre called me and told me how he wanted the show to go, "Ashford, 36, told The Post. "I think it's very important that we change the initial credits to reflect what will happen in the story," he said. I think we need to celebrate the place of residence and the magic of the musical number, and let's use your talents in this area.
Annaleigh Ashford in the pool series (with Aquadettes) at the new opening of B Positive.
Ashford's impressive resume on Broadway includes "Legally Blonde," "Kinky Boots," "Sunday in the Park with George" (as opposed to Jake Gyllenhaal) and his Tony Award-winning performance in "You Can't Take It With You" .
The new opening, choreographed by Spencer Liff, will be set in the living room with the help of Gina, who will perform the show's theme song in several different scenarios, including interacting with "residents" in an Esther Williams-type pool number.
Annaleigh Ashford is photographing the opening montage for the new B Positive loans.
"In a physical therapy sequence, people do stretching exercises and someone does really great body work in the gurney," Ashford said. "We have people dancing using pedestrians, IV poles and balance balls, and we have a Bingo series that does fun choreography with Bingo stamps and Bingo cards.
"We did the synchronized swimming segment with great performers called Aquadettes," he said. "They are a swimming team over the age of 65 and we spent the whole section with them. I'm very bad at swimming – I know how to swim, if I got stuck in the middle of the water, I could swim backwards for four hours – but these women were in the water for an hour, and one of them was 95 years old. Do not do this for two minutes. They helped me.
"It felt great to wear a few sequins. I will not lie to you, "he said. "On the third day, I was in a lot of pain. I was preparing my hair and makeup, I had to freeze my legs. I said, "What's wrong with my body?" I thought. All the dancers [on the segment], their origins are on Broadway and many of them have danced in LA for years. They said, "Girl, Paul [on the soundstage] if it's concrete, you put ice on your legs at night. I learned new things. "
Annaleigh Ashford and Thomas Middleditch co-authored the scene in Season 2 of the CBS series B Positive.
New opening credits can vary from episode to episode. "It gives editors and producers a lot of different things about what they can use," Ashford said. "There are different versions of what we photographed.
"It's very relevant because Betty White has passed away recently and a lot of people are watching The Golden Girls," she said. There were several opening-credit versions of this series, and we get the "long" version from time to time. There is something exciting and fun about that.
"People in my life watch ['B Positive'] sends me an SMS if the credits are a little longer or a little different. This is an extension of our 22-minute storytelling with the audience.
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That's right, dude. If you're chill and tend to take it easy, rather than engaging in a million things at once and always doing doing doing, you're going to be able to deal with work-life and home-life stress a helluva lot better, according to a new study just published in the Journal of Applied Psychology.
In fact, even catching some zzzzzz's during the day or kicking back and just pondering the yonder can improve your ability to deal with stressful situations. And further, if you're the type of dude or dudette who's always asking other folks for advice when a problem comes your way, instead of calmly dealing with it yourself (after first taking a nap, of course), you might be doing yourself more harm than good.
The study's authors say they "observed that people who seek out other people to provide emotional support also reported more stress," which may be due to these high strung folks' "extra efforts taking even more time away from other roles, thus increasing their tendency to experience conflicts."
Whatever the case may be, the study's message seems clear: to lead a healthier, less stressful existence, you should most definitely be doing a lot less, and driving around aimlessly and bowling with friends a whole lot more.


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Facebook Wants To Read Our Minds – Do We Want That Too?
For several years now, Facebook has been researching a brain-computer interface (BCI) that will read our minds and enable us to write using the power of our minds alone. That sounds highly futuristic but also a little scary. The question is: do we even want that? A comment.
Thoughts are free, but how long will digitization stop in front of you? Facebook has been researching how to turn our thoughts into language since 2017.
The social media giant wants to use it to help people who have lost their ability to speak, for example, due to a serious illness. Facebook is working with scientists from the University of San Francisco to do this. And as the company has now announced, the researchers have made groundbreaking advances.
BCI Already Recognizes Single Words
The team has developed so-called speech decoders that can use brain signals to translate what a person is about to say. This is reported by the English-language journal Nature.
The BCI can currently decode a few individual words. However, scientists want to develop the technology so that it can also recognize complete sentences.
Read Minds For A New, Fun Experience
In addition, the researchers are currently developing a headset that we can use to control music or interact in virtual reality with the power of our minds alone. The latter, in particular, would certainly be an incredibly big step in the computer and video game industry.
If you think about how the gaming experience would change in open-world games, for example, in games with an above-average amount of freedom and possibilities – you would be able to immerse yourself in completely new worlds without using your imagination.
Do We Want Facebook To Be Able To Read Our Minds?
However, the question arises whether we want that at all. The technology would be a real breakthrough, especially in medicine, used in a controlled manner.
Eddie Chang, a linguist, and neuroscientist, working on the research project, agrees: "Currently, patients with speech loss due to paralysis can only spell words very slowly using eye movements.
In many cases, the information needed for fluent speech is still present in people's brains.
Controlled Versus Uncontrolled Mind Reading
That being said, it sounds scary when technology can read and transcribe our minds. It would be an incredibly powerful tool that would have to be used with the utmost caution, responsibility, and control.
Above all, the BCI should not fall into the wrong hands. Otherwise, the surveillance of citizens and countries, for example, could take on entirely new dimensions.
It would also be scary enough if technology made it possible to record and translate brain waves as you went by.
We are certainly still a long way from that. But a world in which this technology would theoretically be accessible to everyone, i.e, Everyone could read the minds of others – that would destroy all privacy and rob us of what is probably our greatest asset next to our health: our consciousness. The social media giant wants to use it to help people who have lost their ability to speak, for example, due to a serious illness. Facebook is working with scientists from the University of San Francisco to do this
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Rene Rafael – Bio
To listen to Rene's heart-felt personal story and get to know him on a more intimate level, scroll down to the bottom of this page after reading his bio.
If your musical appetite demands an intricate weaving of symbolic story-telling, visual saturation contrasted against complete darkness, bold requests yet humble expectations, and an underlying positivity that attempts neither to downplay nor sugarcoat the negative forces at play to be overcome, we've found the artist for you.
A cross between the philosophical lyrics of Pink Floyd, the passionate resistance of Nirvana, the multimedia story-telling of Nine Inch Nails, and the hopeful soul of Chris Cornell, visual vocalist Rene Rafael – Remnandt – gives voice to the important role that adversity plays in our lives. Surviving a 26 year mental health mindslaughter, Rene reflects on the lessons learned during this timeframe and gratefully applies these to his new lease on life while seeking to improve the lives of his family, friends, and fans.
What makes Rene so unique is his combination of technology and performing arts that have allowed him to deliver tailored messages in intimate settings across indie music, academia, corporate, and startup America.
Rene has always had a passion for receiving and giving the gift of knowledge. A firm believer in co-mentorship on both professional and personal levels, he has interactively engaged audiences across college campuses, corporate training, national education conferences, entertainment venues, and in his own living room with family. Rene believes "you need to flexibly rock-and-roll between both mentor and mentee roles to succeed and enable success for others in life".
Developer of multiple award-winning educational software, Rene has shared countless lessons learned while teaching classrooms and enabling students to reciprocate as his teachers. "It all begins with developing a deep understanding of your true passion, its current obstructions, and then revolving solutions around these two." Rene's passion is to inspire people to achieve the current impossible. The obstructions are many. His solution is a mix of inspirational-but-honest story-telling, intense lyric-driven vocal performance, and interactive music videos.
Author of several published papers on the convergence of technology and art, Rene is a proponent for the anti-divorcing of our left and right brains, and together with Paul Brant, won 2nd place in Dell EMC Proven Professional's 2015 Knowledge Sharing competition for their collaborative paper and music video entitled A Day in the Life of an Application Developer.
Music entrepreneur and developer of mobile sound visualizations, Rene has served as the previous front man to the band Vintage and current visual vocalist at Remnandt ® Records with performances across local (Dayton, OH) and national establishments. Venues include the Dayton Art Institute where he and his children Zach and Zoe performed an interactive version of his music video and first single, Turbulent Tranquility. One of 4 winners from the ~2000 vocalists competing for placement in the 2011 first-season of The X Factor(Audition, Interview), Cincinnati Fox 19 News advanced Rene and his Vintage bandmates to continue their passionate fight as finalists in Chicago's Sears Centre Arena. Representing Dayton in Chicago, Rene scored the coveted golden ticket on day 1 where he would advance to the final round and bring Vintage 1 ticket away from being scolded by Simon Cowell himself 😉
For more information, booking, or interviews, visit:
ReneRafael.com
truth, love, humility, faithfulness, adversity, perseverance, hope, gratitude, patience, compassion, asking questions, trusting answers
2001: A Space Odyssey, Burn Notice, Contact, The Crow, Dark Matter, ET, Expelled, Firefly, Flight of the Navigator, Forest Gump, Indiana Jones (all), Interstellar, Logan, Lost, The Martian, The Matrix (all), Maya Angelou: And Still I Rise, Minions (any), Saving Private Ryan, Serenity, Soaked in Bleach (Benjamin Statler/Tom Grant Documentary ), Space Race (BBC Documentary), Star Trek (many), Star Wars (most), The Wolverine, X-Men Origins: Wolverine, X-Men: The Last Stand
The Case for Christ by Lee Strobel, The Case for Mars by Richard Wagner and Robert Zubrin, Cosmos by Carl Sagan, Contact by Carl Sagan, Crush It! by Gary Vaynerchuk, The Last Lecture by Randy Pausch The One Year Walk with God by Chris Tiegreen, The Purpose Driven Life by Rick Warren, You Mean I'm Not Lazy, Stupid or Crazy?! by Kate Kelly and Peggy Ramundo
Writing lyrics, recording music & music videos, collaborating on creative projects, camping with family, white-water wrestling, watching inspirational movies with my kids, weekend yard-warring, relaxing on the beach, staring into both earthly and cosmic oceans, conversing with God
Alice in Chains, Audioslave, Bush, Enya, Garbage, Lestat, Michael Jackson, Nine Inch Nails, Nirvana, Pearl Jam, Poe, Pink Floyd, Richard Marx, Soundgarden, Stone Temple Pilots, Tori Amos, U2
These brothers and sisters fed my hunger for intensity, adversity, melancholy, and hope.
Scroll to my personal story below 🙂
Hear my story as an MP3
"When you reach out to touch the world, may it never hurt you." "Other people are going to find healing in your wounds. Your greatest life messages and your most effective ministry will come out of your deepest hurts."
– Yolie Isabel Castro – Richard Duane Warren
« • • • »
Imagine being tucked into bed one summer night after a long happy day at play with your small troublemaker group of friends.
You guys had eaten lots of pizza, played rock the beehive, and went fishing in an alligator infested canal where you accidentally caught a pelican that you needed to reel out of the sky. You had played ball at the nearby school park, written lyrics to a new song, and invented a language between you and your brother primarily used for stealthily double-pinching your sister and getting away with it. To top things off, Spiderman showing up at your birthday party had just made you the coolest kid on your block. "A fun filled day", you think to yourself as a mischievous smile fades from your lips, your lids droop, and your creative day dreams become one with the night.
At age 9 you slowly fall asleep in the awesome bunk bed you had "helped" dad build … and then … you're rudely awoken at age 35.
Try to make sense of the past 26 years.
Try to imagine the culminating dissociative sensation after having endlessly looked out at an enchanting world through frosted fishbowl walls to which you could never reach your arm far enough and wipe for a clearer view.
Frosted walls impaired not only sight, but also hearing, smell, taste, and touch.
A world with which your senses had never been able to fully interact was the excuse you had foolishly used all those years to further distance yourself from it. You had retreated to and grown up in your own mind. You are realizing the error of this choice right now for the very first time. Are you lonely, abandoned, overwhelmed? Do you choose embitterment at a childhood robbed? Do you find yourself having anxiously held your breath with the repetitive anticipatory internal anthem: one day I will … These fishbowl walls protected you, yes, but did they also render you unprepared for the real world to which you are now finally awake? Your mental health is sharp to the point of paranoid oversensitivity but reborn nonetheless and excitedly ready to learn. However, your physical health has deteriorated, as you are reborn into old age.
In April of '84, I was listening to Michael Jackson's Thriller in the backseat of my dad's Chevy Blazer. Until that night I had original tunes constantly bouncing around in my young mind. However after my first gran mal seizure manifested during that song and my excitable head-banging to Thriller transformed into head-thrashing convulsions and gnashing of teeth, the music stopped and I slipped into a 26 year period of subsequent medicated cryosleep.
One might think that kind of experience would have made most folks quite the arse to everyone around them. And admittedly, it did for a while – ask anyone, I've got way too many witnesses! Strangely enough however and after surviving more situations than I deserve to have lived through, I find myself truly appreciating the new life that has been graciously offered me as a dad, husband, and extended "framily" member to those patient few. This, despite the fact that I'm still sometimes very awkward in social situations, sometimes lack common sense, and sometimes very misinformed about things you should have learned during your teen years. What can I say, sobriety since July 4 2010 really means I'm still a kid learning new tricks much of the time!
What came before this time were many prescribed drugs for many ascribed reasons – including ADHD. What came after this time were many newfound responsibilities and dormant abilities – including frontman to the band Vintage, X-Factor finalist representing Dayton in Chicago, senior developer of award-winning educational software, speaker at many national education conferences, startup and corporate entrepreneur, mobile sound visualist, lots of pain, and a smattering of humbling experiences that helped shape the order of my priorities: God, family, everything else. I wouldn't change a thing. It made me who I am: sensitive to others and compassionate towards the human condition.
I spare the rest of my bio details for my lyrics. Stories excite me more when they're lived through songs than when read from books so I'll go muse these now, ~ 40 years of material to cover. So that's my short story. I hope to unleash longer ones in therapeutic doses on any that stand to benefit from my life hiatus, pain, & joyful moments. I'm benefiting from it retrospectively.
Hi, my name is Rene.
Thanks for sharing in this unfathomably hopeful ride.
© 2017 Remnandt ® Records


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\section{Introduction}
Though the world around us has always been witnessing changes as a consequence of the drastic advancement in the field of science and technology, these days it's been like never before. Nowadays, it has become almost impossible to escape the presence of technology in our day-to-day lives. Smartphone is one such thing that has revolutionized our lives, and ever since its popularity kept increasing, hundreds of messaging applications have been launched over the past couple of years. Out of these, WhatsApp, which is a free messaging application owned by Meta Inc. (formerly known as Facebook Inc.) became the most popular one with more than 5 billion users in over 180 nations \cite{b1} .

WhatsApp was created in the year 2009 by Jan Koum and Brian Acton with the intention of making communication as well as media sharing faster and more convenient \cite{b2}. WhatsApp requires internet connection for its operations, and it enables the users to stay in touch with family members and friends on their contact list only, i.e., in order to connect with someone over WhatsApp his/her contact number needs to be saved in the user's phone (unlike Facebook and most other social messaging applications, where one can connect with unknown people as well). In addition to offering all the perks of free social media messaging applications, it also helps keeping the circle private, thus making it even more popular. Besides text messages, it also offers features like creating groups, calling, video calling, sharing multimedia files like images, audios, documents and videos etc. \cite{b3}. It also helps users understand if a particular message has been sent, delivered and read by the recipient. Also, a user can block a particular person on his contact list if he wishes.

As more and more people started opting for WhatsApp as their mode of communication, ensuring security of the communication channels became very important because a fair amount of privacy is expected by the users whenever they use a communication medium, and no one wants to use an application with questionable privacy for private or business communications. With the aim of fulfilling this expectation, in the year 2014, WhatsApp came forward with the concept of End-to-End (E2E) Encryption. This ensures the security of the data shared between the two parties, making it hard to crack and free from eavesdropping. Fig. 1 shows the End-to-End encryption policy of WhatsApp, as it appears on the app. This makes communication more reliable because as per the E2E encryption principles, the data is safe in transit, and no one other than the intended recipient (not even WhatsApp itself) can decrypt and read the data. However, in spite of ensuring security, privacy and integrity, it knocks out government surveillance for the sake of the country's safety against threats like terrorism.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\centerline{\includegraphics[width=56mm]{WhatsApp2.png}}
\caption{WhatsApp's End-to-End Encryption Policy.}
\label{fig1}
\end{figure}

\section{Features of a Secure messaging system}

There are few minimum features that need to be ensured in order to call a messaging system a secure one. Suppose we have a messaging system where Adam and Bud want to exchange messages with each other, and there is a third person, Mark, who attempts mid-in-the-middle attack and wishes to listen to their conversation and possibly forge the communication by sending messages to Bud acting as Adam, and to Adam acting as Bud. These characters have been chosen based on the roles of Alice, Bob and Mallory – commonly used characters in cryptography literature. Amongst many others, we expect at least the following main features to be ensured in a secure messaging system:

\begin{itemize}
\item \textbf{Confidentiality:} Mark should not know what messages Bud and Adam exchange with each other. This could be achieved with the help of some cryptographic techniques (encryption/decryption).

\item \textbf{Integrity:} it prevents messages from being modified. When Adam sends some message to Bud, Bud can check whether the message was subjected to any modification (by Mark) on its way. Digital signature can be employed in order to ensure data integrity.

\item \textbf{Authenticity:} authenticity refers to the way of ensuring upon receiving a message from Adam that it was actually sent by Adam, and not Mark.  This could be achieved with the help of digital signatures and MACs.

\end{itemize}
\vspace{2mm}
Given the requirement for secure communication, the next most important thing is to decide which type of cryptography should be used, which can be broadly classified into two categories – symmetric key cryptography and asymmetric (public) key cryptography. In symmetric key cryptography, the same key is used for encrypting and decrypting a particular message and hence it requires a secure way of exchanging this secret key. Whereas, in asymmetric key cryptography, anyone can encrypt a message using the public key, and only the intended recipient can decode it with the private key. Asymmetric cryptography is convenient because it doesn't involve sharing the secret key as long as the users know each other's public key. The only concern is to make sure that they are using the correct public key e.g., if Adam is sending a message to Bud, he needs to be assured that he is using Bud's public key and not Mark's. Even if Mark learns about Adam and Bud's public keys, it's okay, because they are public. Fig. 2 shows the way to verify the E2E encryption security code between two parties (say, Adam and Bud). It can be verified either by scanning the QR code or by matching the security codes manually.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\centerline{\includegraphics[width=56mm]{WhatsApp1.png}}
\caption{Security Code Verification.}
\label{fig2}
\end{figure}

\section{WhatsApp's E2E Encryption protocol}
WhatsApp employs the open source Signal Protocol for building its End-to-End (E2E) encryption system. This is the same protocol that is being used by the signal messaging application and was initially developed by the Open Whisper Systems. The signal protocol makes use of primitives such as prekeys, Curve25519, Diffie Hellman Key Agreement, Extended Triple Diffie Hellman Key Agreement (X3DH), AES, HMAC\_SHA256 and Double Ratchet Algorithm. Before putting everything together and explain how the protocol functions, let's have a look into each of these primitives one by one:

\subsection{Curve25519}\label{AA}
In the field of cryptography, Curve25519 basically refers to either a cryptographic system based on Edwards curve 25519 or the elliptic curve relation itself which, with a key size of 256 bits, offers 128 bits of security and has been primarily designed for employing it with the elliptic curve Diffie–Hellman (ECDH) key agreement protocol. It is considered to be one of the fastest Elliptic curve cryptographies. The original paper describes Curve25519 as a Diffie-Hellman (DH) function, and the author Daniel J. Bernstein suggested the name Curve25519 for the underlying elliptic curve and X25519 for the corresponding Diffie-Hellman function \cite{b4}.

\subsection{Prekeys}

Prekeys are basically Curve25519 key pairs which are used for message authentication and for secure exchange of messages.  There are basically three types of prekeys:
\begin{enumerate}
\item \textbf{Identity keys (IK):} these are also known as long-term identity keys because they are generated at the time of installing the application into a device. These keys are permanent until the device is changes or the app reinstalled.

\item \textbf{Signed Prekeys (SPK):} unlike identity keys, signed prekeys are not permanent, but they are not disposable either. These keys have a specific lifetime and hence, need to be updated periodically.

\item \textbf{One-Time Prekeys (OPK):} these keys are disposable and they get deleted from the server each time some user (who wants to send some messages to him) requests a public key bundle from the server. As the name suggests, each of these keys is used for a for a single Extended Triple Diffie Hellman (X3DH) protocol run.
\end{enumerate}

\subsection{Diffie Hellman Key Agreement}
Diffie Hellman Key Agreement, sometimes also known as Diffie-Hellman-Merkle Key Agreement is a key exchange mechanism for implementing asymmetric key cryptography, where both the parties involved in the communication agree on a set of protocol parameters (a prime base \(B\) and a prime modulus \(G\)) to be used for communication over a public channel. These parameters are public, and are known to everyone. Let's understand the working principle of the Diffie-Hellman key exchange mechanism with the help of an example.

Say for example, Adam and Bud want to exchange some messages with each other and they want to use the Diffie-Hellman key exchange mechanism for generating the same shared secret. The steps involved are as follows:
\begin{itemize}
\item Suppose both Bud and Adam agree to use base \(B\) and modulus \(G\)
\item Adam selects a random value \(x\) and keeps it secret (Adam's private key)
\item Bud selects a random value \(y\) and keeps it secret (Bud's private key)
\item Adam computes \(X = B^x \: mod \: G\) and shares it with Bud (Adam's public key)
\item Bud computes \(Y = B^y \: mod \: G\) and shares it with Adam (Bud's public key)
\item Upon receiving Bud's public key, Adam computes the shared secret \(S_x = Y^x \: mod \: G\)
\item Upon receiving Adam's public key, Bud computes the shared secret \(S_y = X^y \: mod \: G\)
\end{itemize}
\vspace{2mm}
The shared secret computed by both Adam and Bud happens to be equal, both being \(B^{xy} \: mod \: G\). Even if Mark attempts an attack, it is computationally infeasible for him to determine the actual values of the private keys (\(x\) and \(y\)) by just knowing the public keys (\(X\) and \(Y\)).

\subsection{Extended Triple Diffie Hellman Key Agreement (X3DH)}

X3DH is an extension of the Diffie-Hellman protocol, explained in the previous section, with the aim of overcoming its limitations for the asynchronous setting. Suppose, Adam wishes to establish a secure mode of communication with Bud by exchanging the keys. The algorithm explains above would work perfectly as long as both Adam and Bud are online. But what if Bud is offline? There is no other way than to wait until Bud is back. \cite{b8} Also, there is no way for Adam and Bud to validate if they are talking to each other and using each other's keys (and not using Mark's keys, thinking they are Adam's or Bud's). X3DH protocol overcomes these limitations.

Assuming Bud being the receiver, and Adam the sender, the working principle of X3DH can be explained in the following three major phases:
\begin{enumerate}
\item Publishing keys.
\item Sending the initial message.
\item Receiving the initial message.
\end{enumerate}
\vspace{2mm}
\begin{enumerate}
\item \textbf{Publishing keys:} Bud, the receiver, publishes a set of Curve25519 public keys to the server before the communication begins. This includes the public keys of the following key pairs:
\vspace{2mm}
\begin{itemize}
\item Bud's identity key (\(IK_b\))
\item Bud's signed prekey (\(SPK_b\))
\item Bud's prekey signature, which can be represented as \(Sign (Encode (SPK_b), IK_b)\)
\item Set of one-time prekeys which can be denoted as (\(OTPK_{b1}, \: OTPK_{b2}, \: OTPK_{b3}, …\))
\end{itemize}
\vspace{1mm}
The identity key \((IK_b)\) is uploaded to the server only once (or not until the app is reinstalled or the device is changed). The signed prekey \((SPK_b)\) and the prekey signature \(Sign (Encode (SPK_b), IK_b)\) i.e., \(SPK_b\) signed with the identity key \((IK_b)\) need to be uploaded at a regular interval – once a week or once a month. And new one-time prekeys are uploaded whenever server's collection of the users' one-time prekeys is getting low. As new keys are uploaded, older ones get deleted (but they are stored for some time so as to decode any message encrypted with the older keys).
\vspace{2mm}
\item \textbf{Sending the initial message:} In order to perform an extended triple Diffie-Hellman key agreement with Bud, Adam fetches a "prekey bundle" from the server containing the public keys of the following key pairs:
\vspace{2mm}
\begin{itemize}
\item Bud's identity key \((IK_b)\)
\item Bud's signed prekey \((SPK_b)\)
\item Bud's prekey signature, which can be represented as \(Sign (Encode (SPK_b), IK_b)\)
\item (Optional) Any of Bud's one-time prekeys \((OTPK_b)\)
\end{itemize}
\vspace{1mm}
The one-time prekey is optional for sending the initial message. The bundle will contain a one-time prekey if there exists one in the server, otherwise it will not contain a one-time prekey.
\vspace{1mm}
Upon receiving the prekey bundle, Adam first verifies the prekey signature \(Sign (Encode (SPK_b), IK_b)\). If the verification fails, the protocol is aborted, otherwise Adam generates a new pair of ephemeral keys (let's represent the public key of the pair as \(EK_a)\).
\vspace{1mm}
Now, let's consider two possible cases – case 1: when the prekey bundle contains a one-time prekey; case 2: when there is no one-time prekey in the prekey bundle. Depending upon the scenario, i.e., to which case it falls, Adam computes the secret key \((SK)\) as follows:
\vspace{2mm}
\subsubsection{Case 1}
\begin{equation}
DH_1 = DH (IK_a, \: SPK_b)\label{eq1}
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
DH_2 = DH (EK_a, \: IK_b)\label{eq2}
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
DH_3 = DH (EK_a, \: SPK_b)\label{eq3}
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
SK = KDF (DH_1\: || \: DH_2 \:|| \:DH_3)\label{eq4}
\end{equation}

-where,
\begin{itemize}
\item The function \(DH (K1, K2)\) returns the shared secret computed by the Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman function, using public keys \(K1\) and \(K2\).
\item The function \(KDF(x)\) returns a 32-byte output by feeding \(x\) to the HMAC-based Extract-and-Expand Key Derivation Function (HKDF) algorithm \cite{b5}.
\item \(A \:||\: B\) represents the byte concatenation of the sequences \(A\) and \(B\).
\end{itemize}

\vspace{2mm}
\subsubsection{Case 2}
\begin{equation}
DH_1 = DH (IK_a, \: SPK_b)\label{eq5}
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
DH_2 = DH (EK_a, \: IK_b)\label{eq6}
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
DH_3 = DH (EK_a, \: SPK_b)\label{eq7}
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
DH_4 = DH (EK_a, \: OTPK_b)\label{eq8}
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
SK = KDF (DH_1\: || \: DH_2 \:|| \:DH_3\:|| \:DH_4)\label{eq9}
\end{equation}

\vspace{2mm}
After the secret key (SK) has been computed, Adam deletes the DH outputs along with his ephemeral private key. And then computes an "associated data" byte \((AD)\), comprising the identity keys of both Adam and Bud:
\begin{equation}
AD = Encode (IK_a) || Encode (IK_b)\label{eq8}
\end{equation}

Following this, Adam sends Bud an initial message comprising:
\begin{itemize}
\item Adam's identity public key \((IK_a)\)
\item Adam's ephemeral public key \((EK_a)\)
\item Identifiers indicating which of the Bud's prekeys have been used by Adam
\item An initial ciphertext, obtained by passing the associated data \((AD)\) and an encryption key (the secret key \(SK\) computed above, or the output from some Pseudo-Random Functions keyed by \(SK\)) through some AEAD encryption scheme \cite{b6}. This ciphertext basically served a dual role – besides being Adam's initial X3DH message, it also acts as the initial message within a number of post-X3DH protocols.
\end{itemize}

\vspace{2mm}
\item \textbf{Receiving the initial message:} Upon receiving the initial message sent by Adam, Bud retrieves Adam's identity public key \((IK_a)\) and ephemeral public key \((EK_a)\) from the message. At the same time, he also loads his own identity private key, and the private counterparts of the signed prekey and the one-time prekey used by Adam. Using these keys that Bud loads and retrieves, he himself repeats the DH and KDF computations described in the previous section and obtain the secret key (SK).
Bud then constructs the associated data byte (AD) using the identity keys \(IK_a\) and \(IK_b\), and following the same approach used by Adam as described in the previous section.

And finally, after obtaining both the SK and the AD values, Bud tries to decode the initial ciphertext sent by Adam. If the decoding fails, Bud deletes the secret key (\(SK\)) and terminates the protocol. Otherwise, if Bud could successfully decode the initial ciphertext, the protocol is settled for him.  In that case, Bud deletes the private key corresponding to the one-time prekey used by Adam for sending the initial message, but he may continue using the secret key (\(SK\)) for post-X3DH computations and processing.
\end{enumerate}

\subsection{HMAC\_SHA256}
HMAC\_SHA256, as the name suggests, is a Hash-based Message Authentication Code (HMAC) which is designed based on the principle of SHA-256 hash function. This method encrypts the message data with the secret key \((SK)\), hashes the output by passing it through the hash function, then again combines the secret key \((SK)\) with this resulting hash value, and hashes it for a second time. This yields a 256-bit output hash. This technique is actually used to determine if a message has been subjected to tampering while being transferred from a sender to the receiver.

\subsection{Double Ratchet}
The term ratchet refers to a mechanical device which can move in only one direction (either rotates from left to right or from right to left, but not in both directions). Double ratchet, as the name indicates is an amalgamation of two different ratchets – the symmetric-key ratchet and the Diffie-Hellman ratchet.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\centerline{\includegraphics[width=70mm]{Fig1.png}}
\caption{Symmetric Ratchet.}
\label{fig3}
\end{figure}

Fig. 3 shows the working principle of a symmetric key ratchet, at the heart of which lies the a KDF function that takes some input data and a random and secret KDF key (known as chain keys for the sending and receiving chains), and returns an output. A part of this output acts as a new KDF (chain) key and is used to replace the previous key and a remaining part of the key acts as a message key, which is used to encrypt the messages being exchanged using an Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) \cite{b7}.

Now, the problem of using only a symmetric-key ratchet is that if the attacker (Mark) steals either Adam's or Bud's sending and receiving chain keys, he will be able to calculate all the future keys and hence decode all the future messages. In order to prevent this, the symmetric-key ratchet is combined with a DH-ratchet so as to update the chain keys depending upon the DH outputs. Fig. 4 explains the working principle of a Diffie-Hellman ratchet, where the DH function takes the user's private key and the other party's public key as the input and returns a DH output, which is used to derive a sending/receiving chain that matches exactly with the other party's receiving/sending chain.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\centerline{\includegraphics[width=70mm]{Fig2.png}}
\caption{Diffie-Hellman Ratchet.}
\label{fig4}
\end{figure}

Whenever a new message is received or sent, the receiving or the sending chain is subjected to the symmetric-key ratchet step for obtaining the message key. And, whenever a user receives a new ratchet public key from the other party, a Diffie-Hellman ratchet step is executed before performing the symmetric-key ratchet in order to update the chain keys. A double ratchet is obtained by combining both the symmetric-key ratchet and the Diffie-Hellman ratchet together in a way such that the symmetric ratchet receives the output of the Diffie-Hellman ratchet as its input, thus producing a new Message key which is used for encrypting the message.

\section{Putting Everything Together}

Now, assuming that everything works properly and as expected, the following sequence of steps occur when Adam sends a message to Bud over WhatsApp. But, at first, both Adam and bud need to install WhatsApp in their phone, thus registering with the WhatsApp server. This includes signed prekey registration as well.

\subsection{On Adam's Side}
\begin{itemize}
\item Setting up the session using X3DH.
\item Computing the master secret and with help of the DH Ratchet step, finding out the root key as well as the chain key.
\item Deriving the next chain key (for the next step) and a message key with the help of the Hashing Ratchet.
\item Encrypting the message with the message key thus obtained, using AES256 in CBC mode.
\item The Hashing Ratchet moves forward by one step as Adam sends a message.
\item Whenever, he receives a message back from Bud, his DH Ratchet moves forward, thus computing a new chain key along with a new root key.
\end{itemize}

\subsection{On Bud's Side}
\begin{itemize}
\item Upon receiving the very first message from Adam, Bud completes setting up the session by computing the master secret and the root key, and from that the chain and the message keys. \item The message key thus obtained is used to decode the encoded message received from Adam.
\item Now, if Bud wants to sends a message back to Adam, he needs to generate a new pair of ephemeral keys, and then moves forward his DH Ratchet by one step with the help of the private key of the ephemeral pair and the root key, thus generating a new chain key and a message key.
\item This new message key thus obtained is used for encrypting the new message that Bud wants to send to Adam.
\item Bud sends this encrypted message to Adam with his ephemeral key in the header.
\end{itemize}

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\centerline{\includegraphics[width=52mm]{WhatsAppConversation.png}}
\caption{WhatsApp conversation of Adam with Bud.}
\label{fig5}
\end{figure}

\subsection{Example}
Fig. 5 shows an example of Adam's WhatsApp conversation with Bud (as it appears on Adam's phone), where the sequence of steps can be interpreted as follows:
\begin{enumerate}
\item \textbf{White$\,\to\,$White:} Bud's Hashing Ratchet moves one step forward, thus generating the next chain key and a new message key.

\item \textbf{Green$\,\to\,$Green:} Adam's Hashing Ratchet moves one step forward, thus generating the next chain key and a new message key.

\item \textbf{White$\,\to\,$Green:} Adam's DH Ratchet moves one step forward, thus generating the chain key and a new root key.

\item \textbf{Green$\,\to\,$White:} Bud's DH Ratchet moves one step forward, thus generating the chain key and a new root key.
\end{enumerate}

\section{Privacy Concerns}
Though WhatsApp's End-to-End encryption system looks promising enough, and almost unbreakable, there are a few things we need to be concerned about –
\vspace{1.5mm}
\begin{itemize}
\item If we believe that WhatsApp follows exactly the same specifications as Signal (which they claim they do) then there is no way to break the code, but unlike Signal, WhatsApp's code is not public/open source, and thus there is no way to verify this.
\vspace{1mm}
\item If we still assume that it follows exactly the same specifications as Signal, WhatsApp server can still find out who a particular user interacts with, how often, and how recently.
\end{itemize}

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\centerline{\includegraphics[width=52mm]{WhatsAppCall2.png}}
\caption{WhatsApp Call between Adam and Bud.}
\label{fig6}
\end{figure}

\section{Conclusion}
This paper describes the steps involved in the End-to-End Encryption system followed by WhatsApp sequentially, and explains each step and the corresponding terms in detail, along with mathematical expressions, examples and flowcharts as and when required. Though this paper focuses only on the text messages, WhatsApp also has the facilities of calling, video calling and exchanging media files – such as images, video, audio, documents, PDF etc. And all these facilities are End-to-End encrypted, e.g., Fig. 6 shows a screenshot of Adam's phone while being on a WhatsApp Call with Bud, which is End-to-End Encrypted. Besides describing the important and popular features of WhatsApp, this paper also highlights the privacy concerns associated with this messenger.

\vspace{0.5mm}

\section*{Acknowledgment}

I would like to thank Professor Dr. Grant Williams for beautifully explaining the basics of the cryptography in his lectures, which helped me understand the underlying concepts well and also for his constant help, guidance and feedback which helped me giving this paper a perfect shape.

\vspace{0.5mm}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Keora may refer to:

 Plants in the genus Pandanus
 Keora, Ghana, Nzérékoré Prefecture, Ghana
 Keora caste, India

See also
 Kia ora (disambiguation)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Here we feature a pair of Nike hybrids, which consists of elements from the Air Max 90, Air Current, and Huarache silhouettes. They sport a hot red upper along with minimal grey accents. Other features include some hints of Nike's patented Flywire technology, as well as a free sole on the forefoot, Air Max 90 heel cushion, and neoprene on the upper which allows the bearer's feet to breathe. via GRIP.


From 4 to 6 September the World Meeting of Customs Law 2013 was held in Brussels. The meeting which is held annually since 2005 is organized by the International Customs Law Academy (ICLA). All speakers are experts in the customs profession and come from different countries and fields of expert. This year's conference was held under the title "Studies on Harmonization of Customs Law and Contributions of the Academy for updating and improving the WCO Instruments". Prof. Dr. Hans-Michael Wolffgang participated in the 2013 conference representing the University of Muenster. In the following paragraphs you can read an abstract of the speech Prof. Dr. Wolffgang delivered at the conference. It is bearing the title "Legal thoughts on how to merge trade facilitation and safety and security".
Trade facilitation understood as the simplification, standardization and harmonization of procedures and associated information flows required to move goods from seller to buyer and to make payment has a lot to do with security of the global trade supply chain. Different international bodies interested in trade matters have come up with various rules, regulations, guidelines and other instruments intended to enhance trade facilitation and safety and security. This multiplicity of regulations causes some duplications and redundancies which may ultimately complicate the implementation of trade facilitation and supply chain security measures. As a solution to this, we explore the possibility of merging trade facilitation and safety and security by means of a single binding agreement under the auspices of either World Trade Organization or World Customs Organization.
The preference for a single binding agreement is based on our contention that hard law (as opposed to soft law) is more likely to be effective particularly with regard to the implementation of trade facilitation and security-related provisions. And this is because hard law tends to increase states' commitment to international agreements; can be self-executing or require domestic legal enactment; and foresees dispute settlement mechanisms which aid enforcement.
By comparing the various trade facilitation and safety and security instruments under the WCO particularly the Revised Kyoto Convention and the SAFE Framework, it is evidenced that trade facilitation and supply chain security are just different sides of the same coin. In other words, the trade facilitation principles and standards contained in the Revised Kyoto Convention are the basis of the safety and security provisions. Moreover, it is shown that some provisions of the SAFE Framework are similar in content to those of the Revised Kyoto Convention. It is therefore argued that these two instruments need to be merged and an all-encompassing agreement under the auspices of the WCO be formed. This, however, should concurrently go with the institution of an effective dispute settlement system under the same organization.
The on-going trade facilitation negotiations under the WTO are also discussed and it is observed that in the current consolidated negotiating text safety and security issues are not adequately addressed. In this regard, we therefore hold that it is feasible to merge trade facilitation and security at the WTO level as long as substantive safety and security provisions are incorporated. In addition, it would be preferred that this agreement provides for the establishment of a "Technical Committee on Trade Facilitation and Security" managed by the World Customs Organization just as it is the case with the technical committees on customs valuation and rules of origin.


Dermpath Diagnostics' Institute for Podiatric Pathology, was established specifically to serve the needs of physicians of the lower extremity. Our board-certified dermatopathologists are among the nation's foremost authorities on the topic of podiatric skin, soft tissue and bone pathology.We pride ourselves on our contributions to education and support for the podiatric profession on a local, regional and national level and thank podiatrist nation-wide for making that support possible.
Dermpath Diagnostics has developed a system of clear and concise reporting that combines podiatric, dermatologic and orthopedic terminology. Comments are often added to better explain the pathologic process in hand and to guide subsequent therapy. This detailed reporting includes color photomicrographs and reports tailored to the needs of the podiatric physician.


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IDBLUE unveiled a mobile, Bluetooth ultra-high frequency RFID reader for smart phones and tablets, followed by the announcement that Mygrant Glass Co. Inc. plans to deploy the IDBLUE.UHF reader in each of its almost 600 delivery vehicles nationwide.
With support for iPhones and iPads, the pen-shaped reader can be used to navigate and enter data without using a finger, a feature especially useful in situations where the user is wearing gloves.
The Hayward, Calif.-based company will use IDBLUE readers with iPads to confirm customer deliveries and automatically update its own inventory database, thus creating greener, paperless and more efficient deliveries.
The handheld IDBLUE.UHF RFID reader is also designed for precession asset identification and tracking applications in health care, retail, utilities, aerospace, oil and gas.
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text:
Q: Socket Closed Exception? I am working on app, i want to make a TCP listener.
I searched many sites for help.
I am getting an error of exception.
Called Socket Closed Exception.
MY Code and Log Cat is given Below.
 public class ListenerService  extends Service {

//Socket socket;
private ServerSocket serverSocket;
BufferedReader in = null;
static String message=null;
int portNo=1619;
boolean flag=true;
final static String MY_ACTION = "MY_ACTION";
@Override
public void onCreate() {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    super.onCreate();
    new Task().execute();

}

@Override
   public void onDestroy() {
    super.onDestroy();
    flag = false;
    if (serverSocket != null) {
        try {
            serverSocket.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    stopSelf();
    Log.d("Server Stoped", "Listener Serverice is Stoped");
    // Toast.makeText(this, "Listener Destroyed", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).sho
   }
    private class Task extends AsyncTask <Void, String, String> {
        @Override
        protected String doInBackground(Void... params) {
        try {
            serverSocket = new ServerSocket(portNo);
            serverSocket.setSoTimeout(0);
            while (flag) {
                try {
                    Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
                    BufferedReader inputReader = new BufferedReader(
                            new InputStreamReader(
                                    clientSocket.getInputStream()));
                    System.out.println("Client said :"
                            + inputReader.readLine());
                    message = inputReader.readLine();
                    Log.d("NETWORK-RECEIVE", "Message!:" + message);
                    publishProgress(message);

                    clientSocket.close();

                } catch (SocketTimeoutException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

        } catch (IOException e1) {
            e1.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (serverSocket != null) {
                    serverSocket.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return message;
    }
        @Override
        protected void onProgressUpdate(String... values) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            super.onProgressUpdate(values);
            Intent i = new Intent();
            i.setClass(getApplicationContext(), MainActivity.class);
            i.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
            i.addFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_SHOW_WHEN_LOCKED + WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_DISMISS_KEYGUARD + WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_KEEP_SCREEN_ON + WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_TURN_SCREEN_ON);
            startActivity(i);
            messageSend(message);
        }

    }
     protected void messageSend(String values) {
            Log.d("AFTER", values);
            Intent intent = new Intent();
            intent.setAction(MY_ACTION);
            intent.putExtra("message", values);
            sendBroadcast(intent);
        }

@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    Log.d("Server Startd","Listener Serverice is running");
    //Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"Service Started", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
}

@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    return null;
}

}

My logcate is also here...
            09-19 12:51:07.229: D/Server Stoped(17878): Listener Serverice is Stoped
            09-19 12:51:07.229: W/System.err(17878): java.net.SocketException: Socket closed
            09-19 12:51:07.239: W/System.err(17878):    at libcore.io.Posix.accept(Native Method)
            09-19 12:51:07.239: W/System.err(17878):    at libcore.io.BlockGuardOs.accept(BlockGuardOs.java:55)
            09-19 12:51:07.239: W/System.err(17878):    at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.accept(PlainSocketImpl.java:98)
            09-19 12:51:07.239: W/System.err(17878):    at java.net.ServerSocket.implAccept(ServerSocket.java:202)
            09-19 12:51:07.239: W/System.err(17878):    at java.net.ServerSocket.accept(ServerSocket.java:127)
            09-19 12:51:07.239: W/System.err(17878):    at com.vigosol.tcplistener.ListenerService$Task.doInBackground(ListenerService.java:88)
            09-19 12:51:07.239: W/System.err(17878):    at com.vigosol.tcplistener.ListenerService$Task.doInBackground(ListenerService.java:1)
            09-19 12:51:07.239: W/System.err(17878):    at android.os.AsyncTask$2.call(AsyncTask.java:264)
            09-19 12:51:07.239: W/System.err(17878):    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:305)
            09-19 12:51:07.249: W/System.err(17878):    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:137)
            09-19 12:51:07.249: W/System.err(17878):    at android.os.AsyncTask$SerialExecutor$1.run(AsyncTask.java:208)
            09-19 12:51:07.249: W/System.err(17878):    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1076)
            09-19 12:51:07.249: W/System.err(17878):    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:569)
            09-19 1

can some help me here?Any body can tell me what am i missing here in code?

A: You've closed the ServerSocket while it was blocked in accept().
NB a zero timeout is infinite and will never cause a SocketTimeoutEzception.

A: First of all is better to start your AsyncTask on onStartCommand() and as second take care on OnDestroy method.
It would be better to use an IntentService and manage your task on onHandleIntent(), is more simple if you need to manage a single thread task.
BTW: by Android Documentations:
Should you use a service or a thread?
A service is simply a component that can run in the background even when the user is not interacting with your application. Thus, you should create a service only if that is what you need.
If you need to perform work outside your main thread, but only while the user is interacting with your application, then you should probably instead create a new thread and not a service. For example, if you want to play some music, but only while your activity is running, you might create a thread in onCreate(), start running it in onStart(), then stop it in onStop(). Also consider using AsyncTask or HandlerThread, instead of the traditional Thread class. See the Processes and Threading document for more information about threads.
Remember that if you do use a service, it still runs in your application's main thread by default, so you should still create a new thread within the service if it performs intensive or blocking operations.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


"In Spain, Holy Week, known as Semana Santa, is the biggest event of the year. Different Catholic brotherhoods prepare for Holy Week throughout the year. Over 100 statues, representing the different phases of agony and suffering depicted in the last week of the life of Jesus, are displayed throughout the city. In South Spain, specifically Sevilla, people dress up in long garments with cone shaped hats to do penance during the week. Many believe that by suffering through fasting, self flagellating, or wearing clothes designed to irritate their bodies, they will vicariously earn forgiveness of their sins committed during the year between each Semana Santa. Even children are instructed to do similar acts of penitence.
Instead of being sensitive to God and understanding what Christ's victory over suffering and death has done for us, for many Spaniards Easter has become an attempt at personal atonement for sin by inflicting pain upon themselves. When the weekend ends, people return to their normal routine. The suffering and intensity is forgotten until the next year.
Spain, the "mother country" for Latin American culture, remains one of the most spiritually needy countries in the world. Different historical factors have led to a secular nation of practical atheists deeply resistant to the gospel. Over 7,000 cities and towns remain bereft of any vibrant witness for Jesus Christ. Camino Global missionaries work closely with national believers, using every possible means of creative outreach for evangelism and leadership training toward the establishment of transformational local churches around the country.
At the same time, Camino Global missionaries are involved in mobilizing Spaniards and other nationalities (Latin Americans, Chinese, North Africans) for outreach to people groups even more spiritually needy than the local population.
Spain - Prayercast.com from Multiplication Network on Vimeo.


You can play Xenos free online shooting games at yzgames.com. It has 108 total plays and has been rated 2.4/100(from 0 ratings), (0 like and 0 dislike), find the fun and happy day. If you want to play more shooting games, we find some of the game: Vault of Xenos, Lock N Load, Nitro Ninjas and Sniper Team 2. To play other games, go to the action games or shooting games page.
Play Xenos online games, Fun and Happy.


client Wheelock Properties (Hong Kong) Ltd.
Oasis is the latest luxury development in the upcoming Kai Tak area. The overall design theme is Contemporary Urban Sophistication with an easy living lifestyle. It is inspired by the fusion of minimalist composition and rich luxurious materials. It emphasises on proportions, elegant lines and the use of contrasting materials that juxtapose polished finishes with natural looking finishes.
The show flat is a demonstration of sophisticated easy living and expresses a lifestyle that enjoys the fast pace city living while having a simple and relaxed attitude all at the same time. Hence "contrast" is one of the main themes that run throughout the design that influences the choice of colour, material, furniture and fabrics.


Stress relief, inner peace, and better breathing are some of the benefits of a Yoga routine. Our Water mat is comprised of 3 colors of blue and symbolizes tranquility and serenity.
Being the color of water, blue is universally accepted as a positive color with a calming effect. Our Water mat highlights the energy of this tranquil color. Blue contains a silent cool vibration that is helpful in relaxing your mind to experience solitude, peace and a feeling of spiritual sensitivity.
Feel the energy flow on our Water yoga mat and channel your strength outward to a more peaceful, serene perspective.


JGAC membership for boys and girls 6 up to their 19th birthday or the day they enter college, whichever comes first. Membership under 6, but may be granted on a case-by-case basis. Out-of-state residents are welcome. Membership is not necessary for PGA Jr. League or Drive, Chip, Putt.
The JGAC is a junior golf collaboration in the state of Colorado for parents, kids, coaches and instructors that streamlines the junior golf process, fills in the voids, builds the junior golf ranks, and creates new opportunities for junior golfers of all ability levels in the state of Colorado. .
In 2015 the Colorado Golf Association, the state amateur association with over 44,000 members and the Colorado Section of the PGA, the local affiliate of the PGA of America joined together form the Junior Golf Alliance of Colorado. Their goal was to streamline the junior golf process for parents. kids, coaches and PGA Professionals. JGAC is administered by CGA and CPGA staff members.
"Just wanted to say thanks to each of you for making my first year so enjoyable. Your help, patience and guidance was much appreciated and I can't wait to get started again next year. Kudos to all of you for making junior golf in Colorado so special for all the kids!"
"I thought overall the staff did a very good job. Especially for the first year. And it was evident that the staff members really wanted the kids to have a positive, fun experience playing golf."
"Excellent first season for my son playing in JGAC events. The events were well run, well organized and we look forward to playing more next season. Thank you especially for getting kids off the course for weather delays. We thought you handled such situations efficiently and always had the kids' safety as a top priority. Thanks!"
"Great job - awesome collaborative effort!"


Looking for the perfect gift for the sports lover in your life? Here are 5 picks sure to please even the pickiest of athletes.
Start 'em, sit 'em, trade 'em? Get the football fan in your life the Fantasy Fateball. This personal genie will help them deal with the most stressful decisions they make on a weekly basis.
Mullybox is the golf gift that keeps giving. We all know golfers lose more golfballs than they like to admit, and this subscription box replenishes his or her monthly supply along with new golf accessories and tools every month.
Just in time for the holidays, get your basketball fan the perfect sweater for Ugly Christmas Sweater parties. (There are options without candy canes for year-round wearability).
Hockey Sauce Kit is the perfect outdoor game for hockey lovers. Whether it's at a tailgate, on the beach or in your own backyard, all hockey players will love "throwing some sauce." Enjoy hockey fun off the ice.
This baseball is hand-cut and sewn with waxed-linen thread and premium leather. The retro look and feel of this classic baseball will look great on your baseball fan's display, or get actual usage tossing around in the backyard.
Looking for more great gift ideas? Check out SEEN's Ultimate Holiday Gift Guide for Metro Detroit.


text:
function _classCallCheck(instance, Constructor) { if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) { throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function"); } }

var chalk = require('chalk');
var express = require('express');
var bodyParser = require('body-parser');
var crypto = require('crypto');
var exec = require('child-process-promise').exec;

var Deployr = function Deployr() {
    var _this = this;

    var config = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : {};

    _classCallCheck(this, Deployr);

    this.listen = function (callback) {
        // Create express server
        var app = express();

        // parse JSON
        // (Github web hooks send JSON)
        app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ limit: _this.memoryLimit, extended: true }));
        app.use(bodyParser.json({ limit: _this.memoryLimit }));

        // handle POST requests
        app.post('*', function (req, res) {
            var action = req.body;

            if (_this.branch && action.ref !== 'refs/heads/' + _this.branch) return; // check branch
            if (_this.checkCommits && (!action.commits || !action.commits.length)) return; // check if commits made

            if (_this.key) {
                // Verify SHA1 encrypted secret key
                // This is to make sure no one can send a bogus requests
                var hmac = crypto.createHmac('sha1', _this.key);
                hmac.update(JSON.stringify(req.body));
                var sig = 'sha1=' + hmac.digest('hex');

                // Key mismatch
                // Likely bogus request. stop executing
                if (req.headers['x-hub-signature'] !== sig) {
                    _this.log(chalk.red.bold('Github secret key verificiation failed!'));
                    return;
                }
            }

            // We're good to go
            console.log(chalk.gray('-----------------------------------'));
            _this.log(chalk.yellow.bold('✨  Starting deployment...'));

            callback(req.body, _this.pull);

            res.send('deploying');
        });

        app.listen(_this.port, function (err) {
            if (err) {
                console.error(err);
                return;
            }

            _this.log('\uD83C\uDF10  Listening on port ' + _this.port);
        });
    };

    this.pull = function () {
        return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
            _this.log('Git: start');

            exec('git reset --hard').then(function () {
                return exec('git pull');
            }).then(function () {
                _this.log('Git: finished');
                resolve();
            }).catch(function (err) {
                console.log(err.stdout);
                reject(err);
            });
        });
    };

    this.log = function (message) {
        console.log(chalk.gray('[deployr] ') + message);
    };

    var _config$key = config.key,
        key = _config$key === undefined ? null : _config$key,
        _config$port = config.port,
        port = _config$port === undefined ? 4000 : _config$port,
        _config$memoryLimit = config.memoryLimit,
        memoryLimit = _config$memoryLimit === undefined ? '10mb' : _config$memoryLimit,
        branch = config.branch,
        _config$checkCommits = config.checkCommits,
        checkCommits = _config$checkCommits === undefined ? true : _config$checkCommits;

    this.key = key;
    this.port = port;
    this.memoryLimit = memoryLimit;
    this.branch = branch;
    this.checkCommits = checkCommits;
}

// Get latest from github
// This also runs `git reset --hard`
// to make sure we're identical to github repo
;

module.exports = Deployr;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Arts & Entertainment | National
Ojibwe author Louise Erdrich receives Library of Congress prize
Louise Erdrich. Photo from Facebook
Author Louise Erdrich, a member of the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians, will receive the Library of Congress Prize for American Fiction.
Erdrich has written critically-acclaimed and award-winning novels, short stories, poems and other works that draw on her mixed-race background. One grandfather was a former chairman of her tribe while the other was a German immigrant.
"Of all their grandchildren, it would have surprised them most to think of me, skinny and tongue-tied, amounting to anything," Erdrich said in a press release.
Erdrich will be presented with the award during the National Book Festival in Washington, D.C., in September.
Louise Erdrich Wins Library of Congress Award (The New York Times 3/17)
Louise Erdrich wins Library of Congress fiction prize (Minnesota Public Radio 3/17)
tmbci


text:
Лиственичная — река на полуострове Камчатка в России.

Длина реки — 15 км. Площадь водосборного бассейна — 65 км². Протекает по территории Елизовского района Камчатского края. Впадает в Тихий океан.

Данные водного реестра
По данным государственного водного реестра России относится к Анадыро-Колымскому бассейновому округу.

Код объекта в государственном водном реестре — 19070000212120000023503.

Примечания

Реки, впадающие в Тихий океан (Азия)
Реки Елизовского района


Some things never go out of style. And some definitely do, but that doesn't mean we shouldn't bring them back. Here at Awkward Family Photos, we often see unique articles of clothing and so we decided to compile of list of our favorites. Let us know what you think or if you have any to add!
5. The Fredericks. Yes, it says The Fredericks.


text:
Q: jQuery form validation error <form action="register.php" method="post" id="regform">

Login info

    <input type="text" name="username" placeholder="Username">

    <input type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password">

</form>

--
$(document).ready(function(){
    $('#regform').on('submit', function(){
        alert($(this).username.val());
        return false;
    });
});

--
The error I'm getting:
TypeError: $(...).username is undefined

Can't see what I'm doing wrong..

A: You could use the following:
$(this).find('[name="username"]').val()

Example
or alternatively this.username.value would work too.

A: It should be:
alert($(this).find('[name=username]').val());

or:
alert(this.username.value);

Accessing input elements as properties of the containing form is a DOM feature, not part of jQuery.

A: Looks like you meant to do:
$(this).find("input[name=username]").val()

You can't just append .username to the end of a jquery object and hope for the right returned value.  You need to select the correct element from the dom.
Also, instead of "return false" you should do this:
$('#regform').on('submit', function(e){
    e.preventDefault();
});


text:
Basingstoke Gazette – Arts and Leisure
Review – Twelve Hours – 18 July 2019
The delightful church of St Lawrence in Wooton St Lawrence was packed to capacity last Thursday. Unusual; not for a service but for a premiere of a new drama.
There were over 100 people in the audience and the atmosphere was electric. The setting was perfect because the play, Twelve Hours, tells the story of Jane Austen's brief engagement to Harris-Bigg Wither whose family once owned this country estate. In fact, had she married Harris Bigg-Wither we learn that Jane Austen would have been the mistress of Manydown and may well have been married in this very church. Her would-be suitor is buried there.
Jane Austen was played by tall and elegant Kerry Fitzgerald. She was dressed in a beautifully designed Regency-style muslin dress, typical of the period, plus mop cap and shawl for her entrance. The stage was simply set with a Georgian chair and table, laid out with church candles, a white quill pen and ink pot, hairbrush and mirror. We knew from the start that Miss Austen was pleased at the age of 26 to have accepted this offer of marriage. She was described as a husband-hunting-butterfly and Kerry used her engagement ring with subtle effect throughout the performance to signify the change in her attitude towards her suitor.
The play had three scenes. The first, established who she was and why she was so thrilled about this marriage offer. It sounded like a typical Austen romance where a rich young man likely to inherit a fortune is in search of a wife. The wife-to-be in this instance is almost too old for eligibility so she jumps at the chance of a secure future. Scene one included many tales of local families, recorded in Jane Austen's letters, which had the audience in fits of laughter from time to time. In scene two she wakes at midnight and prepares the audience with her long list of doubts. In the final scene there is resolution and we learn to accept that her books will be her children, she will not accept a marriage of convenience with its expectations of heirs and spares.
It's a cleverly constructed piece of drama. In the prologue, author Phil Howe explains how he developed the idea from a combination of insight he has gained into Jane Austen's life through the guided tours which he operates with his company, Hidden Britain Tours. He candidly admits that no man should normally know as much about Jane Austen's real life, let alone create a play that tries to penetrate her thoughts. However, judging from the audience's overwhelming applause he has succeeded.
BAOS performer Ian May-Miller summarised the event as, " … a superbly conceived and written play by Phil imagining Jane Austen's thoughts and inner debates during the 12 hours that she was engages. Kerry Fitzgerald's delivery was convincing and entertaining as, for us in the audience, she became Jane Austen from the moment she stepped on the stage. A packed church at Wootton St Lawrence was lucky to have witnessed a real treat."
You can read more background information on this play and find out about future performances at www.twelvehours.co.uk
Kerry Fitzgerald performing as Jane Austen
Kerry Fitzgerald discussing stage directions with Phil Howe at the dress rehearsal of Twelve Hours, performed at Wootton St Lawrence church
(BAOS – Basingstoke Amateur Dramatic Society)


Sometimes things that are very important can also be very difficult. Getting up when your alarm sounds is difficult. Organic chemistry formulas – AgOCN(aq) + NH4Cl(aq) —->AgCl(s) + NH4OCN(aq) – are very difficult. Communication skills can be not only difficult but even more important than alarm clocks and chemistry.
When you want to attract clients, keep clients and enjoy a good reputation, it is super important to communicate clearly and honestly. The way scopists communicate with court reporters is a big part of earning repeat business. From the time a court reporter asks if you can work on a transcript until the time you turn that transcript in, here are 6 important communication skills scopists can use.
1. Consider – What is your current workload? Look through the transcripts you currently have to see how many pages you've already got in the queue and their turnaround times. If you can realistically fit this transcript into your existing work schedule, great. If there's probably no way you can do it, let the court reporter know right up front. Saying you can't do it is way better than saying you can and then failing to deliver on time, or not responding to their email at all.
2. Decide – Can you fit this transcript into your personal life? Maybe you have a doctor's appointment scheduled. Maybe your daughter has an athletic event you'd like to attend. Or maybe you're just planning on hanging out and drinking wine coolers on the beach all day. One of the many benefits of being self employed is the ability to live the life you want. If it's worth it to cancel or rearrange things in order to make some money, say yes. If it's not, then tell your client no this time and also tell them you'll be available the next time.
3. Respond – The clock begins ticking the moment the court reporter reaches out to you. If you do decide to say yes to a transcript, say yes fast. Within minutes, if possible. A fast response versus a slow response means money, which means it can be the difference between dining on shrimp pasta at your favorite restaurant this weekend or eating chicken nuggets at McDonald's.
4. Inform – Is this your first transcript, or do you have hundreds under your belt? If you are a new scopist and don't have much, or any, experience, let potential court reporter clients know this up front. It will be better for both of you if you start out on a 20-page transcript of slow and easy testimony than a fast-talking physicist mumbling about fusion and fission for 275 pages.
5. Update – Waiting for the return of an important transcript from an unfamiliar scopist can be an unsettling feeling for a court reporter. Email your client approximately a day before you know you will complete their transcript and let them know it will soon be on its way. They'll see that you're on top of it, they have nothing to be concerned about, and they can rely on you. This will also set you apart from other scopists who don't do this.
6. Deliver – This is the number one most important thing scopists need to do in communicating with court reporters. Your email with the scoped transcript attached will be a very welcome sight in their in box. Receiving this email on or shortly before the due date will make them happy. And getting repeat business from them will make you happy.


text:
Q: Logstash & Elasticsearch issues I need you pro help to figure what is my issue with the ES & Logstash.
I'm using Elasticsearch 1.1.0 and logstash 1.4.0 to push logs to ES & Kibana .
My servers are located in AWS ( Master -> V.Core (4) , ECU (8) , RAM (15 GB) )
Node is the same .
My logstash configuration :

I'm taking the log files from S3 and put the locally in the Server
after that the logstash take them and push them to ES cluster .
Logstash + Kibana + ES Master (Located in 1 server)
those files are something like 12M size and I have more than 20,000 files.
MY ES configuration (Master)
cluster.name: MY-CLUSTER-NAME
node.name: MY-NODE-NAME
node.master: true
node.data: true
path.data: /PATH_TO_DATA/data
path.logs: /PATH_TO_LOGS/logs

ES Configuration (Node)
cluster.name: MY-CLUSTER-NAME (Same name)
node.name: MY-NODE-NAME (Another name)
node.master: false (This is node not master)
node.data: true
path.data: /PATH_TO_DATA/data
path.logs: /PATH_TO_LOGS/logs

For checking the cluster status :
http://MASTER_IP:9200/_cluster/health

this is the result :
{
  "cluster_name": "es-cluster-onetagv2",
  "status": "green",
  "timed_out": false,
  "number_of_nodes": 2,
  "number_of_data_nodes": 2,
  "active_primary_shards": 5,
  "active_shards": 10,
  "relocating_shards": 0,
  "initializing_shards": 0,
  "unassigned_shards": 0
}

my Java version ( Don't know if this is important ) :

java version "1.7.0_51" OpenJDK Runtime Environment
  (amzn-2.4.4.1.36.amzn1-x86_64 u51-b02) OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build
  24.45-b08, mixed mode)

MY issue is that I'm trying to push more than 400 million hits for 1 day ,
and I can push in 24 hours something like 60 million. so I'm always behind.
I can see also that the ES taking 100% CPU USAGE.
but I don't know if this is the problem.
Maybe you can guide me what I'm doing wrong and how I can push big logs to ES fast.

A: Split the input file and give each file different name so that multiple inputs work on it, which helps logstash to read multiple files parallelly by different nodes.
Please increase the number of ES DataNodes to 4, and 2 ES Masters. This can be achieved by running two logstash instances( provides 2 Masters and 2 DataNodes) and 2 Elasticsearch Nodes(provides 2 Data Nodes).


ORU's mission is to build Holy Spirit-empowered leaders through whole person education to impact the world with God's healing.
"Raise up your students to hear My voice, to go where My light is dim, where My voice is heard small, and My healing power is not known, even to the uttermost bounds of the earth. Their work will exceed yours, and in this I am well pleased."
Founded in 1963 by Oral Roberts.
ORU offers over 135 undergraduate majors and minors, 12 master's programs, and two doctoral programs with a third in the works.
Rather than fraternities and sororities, ORU students belong to housing "wings" that become de facto families for them on campus. Each wing has its own student chaplain to help oversee each student's spiritual growth, and "brother" and "sister" wings frequently join together for fun group activities.
ORU features a diverse population of 3,919 students, with students from every state in the United States as well as an international student body from 101 nations.
ORU has 14 NCAA Division I athletic teams. For more information about athletics at ORU, visit ORUathletics.com.
ORU has a student retention rate of 84% and, as of spring 2018, a post-graduation unemployment rate of 3%, meaning 97% of ORU graduates are either employed or are continuing their education.
ORU's mascot is the Golden Eagle.
While being a rigorous educational institution, ORU is not focused solely on growing our students' intelligence. We espouse an education philosophy that we call "Whole Person" Education, aiming to increase our students' facility in spirit, mind, and body. As a result, our education includes spiritual development through bi-weekly chapel services and Christ-centered curriculum, as well as physical training through a wide array of physical education classes that incorporate the latest in technology.
Dr. William M. Wilson is the fourth president of Oral Roberts University. As president of the historic educational institution, Dr. is helping build Holy Spirit-empowered leaders through whole person education to impact the world with God's healing.
With three decades of executive leadership experience, Wilson is recognized as a global influencer with unwavering ethics, strong business acumen, and an undeniable passion for building Spirit-empowered leaders.
Wilson served on the ORU Board of Trustees as vice-chair until his election as ORU president in June of 2013. Since taking office, Wilson has led ORU through consecutive years of growth, designed and implemented the board-approved ORU adaptive plan and led the University's enormous 50th Anniversary campaign and celebration. Wilson has also extended Oral Roberts's original mandate to go "to the uttermost bounds of the Earth" by establishing global alliances in Asia and Europe. He has spearheaded the complete redesign and repurposing of the "Baby Mabee" from a simple television studio into ORU's flagship Global Learning Center, taking the university into the era of Globalization. Add to all this the construction of the ONEOK Sports Complex and being welcomed into the Harvard Institutional Advancement Program for Presidents, and Wilson's tenure at ORU can already be described as impactful.
Additionally, Wilson has fostered unique global partnerships through Empowered21—an initiative launched at ORU that brings together ministry leaders, scholars and next generation voices from the Spirit-empowered movement. Empowered21 has expanded exponentially and today influences nations through 13 regional cabinets with significant ministry leaders.
A native of Owensboro, Kentucky, Wilson holds a Bachelor of Science degree from Western Kentucky University in Secondary Education. He also holds a Master of Arts degree and a Doctor of Ministry degree from the Pentecostal Theological Seminary.
Oral Roberts (January 24, 1918 – December 15, 2009), founder of Oral Roberts University, was known internationally as an educator, evangelist, businessman, author, and television personality. He received his formal education at Oklahoma Baptist University and Phillips University. In 1947 he resigned his pastorate to enter an evangelistic ministry to pray for the healing of the whole person, and he went on to conduct hundreds of evangelistic and healing crusades on six continents, appearing as a guest speaker for countless national and international meetings and conventions. Always a pioneer who embraced the cutting edge of technology and learning, Roberts established ORU as a charismatic, Christian, liberal arts university dedicated to educating the whole person—spirit, mind and body.


The DG50 SE puts together the compactness of the Experience line and the great waterlift performances of a double stage side channel blower. The SE option identifies the models available with a two or three stage blower motor, providing additional performances in water lift. Recommended for pneumatic transport and vacuuming heavy/dense materials, especially if placed below the vacuum unit. Very suitable for applications involving suction of heavy material, such as sandblasting, foundries, steel mills.
The most compact of the three-phase vacuum cleaners lines with the motor in the rear carter.