The ESP Horizon 3 Custom was a limited production model available from the ESP Custom Shop from around 2003 onwards. It had an unbound double cutaway body - shaped slightly different to the strat shaped ESP Horizon Custom with more pointy horns. The Horizon 3 Custom had a flamed maple top with transparent blue or amber sunburst finishes (in 2003) and a tune-o-matic bridge and stop tail piece.
Take the ESP Horizon 3 Custom price survey.
Buy ESP Horizon 3 Custom electric guitars.


text:
Justia › US Law › Case Law › California Case Law › Cal. App. 2d › Volume 91 › Read v. Read
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Read v. Read
[Civ. No. 14014. First Dist., Div. Two. Apr. 20, 1949.]
MARIAN Y. READ, Appellant, v. ALFRED C. READ, JR., Respondent.
C. Ray Robinson, Willard B. Treadwell and Margaret A. Flynn for Appellant.
Stanley R. Sterne for Respondent. [91 Cal. App. 2d 358]
NOURSE, P. J.
Plaintiff, who had been the successful litigant in an action for divorce, moved for execution after five years under the provisions of section 685 of the Code of Civil Procedure. A decree of divorce had been entered in October, 1933, awarding plaintiff custody of the two minor children, $50 a month for the support of plaintiff, and $50 a month to be paid to plaintiff for the support of each minor child. The defendant having been in arrears on these payments the plaintiff filed her motion for execution on February 16, 1948. Following a hearing the order which is the subject of this appeal was made on April 22, 1948, denying the motion insofar as it sought execution for sums accruing five years prior to the order, but reserving to plaintiff the right to a writ for sums due within said five- year period. On April 23, 1948, a writ of execution was directed to issue in the sum of $3,600, that being the amount which had accrued during the five-year period.
[1] The appeal is taken from the order of April 22, 1948, and presents the single question of the right of appellant to a writ covering the sums accruing more than five years prior to the date of the order. The respondent has not filed a brief and his counsel has declined to make an appearance. On the hearing it appeared that after the divorce of these parties respondent had married another and produced two children. A divorce from the second marriage followed and respondent married another and produced one child. The third marriage ended in a divorce. These matters being before the trial court when the request for execution covering accruals prior to the five-year period was presented, the issue was one addressed to the discretion of the trial court. (Butcher v. Brouwer, 21 Cal. 2d 354, 358 [132 P.2d 205]; Lohman v. Lohman, 29 Cal. 2d 144, 148 [173 P.2d 657]; Di Corpo v. Di Corpo, 33 Cal. 2d 195, 199 [200 P.2d 529].)
Insofar as the order reserves the right to execution for the sums accruing during the immediate five-year period [this reservation was covered by a subsequent order that such a writ should issue] the trial court followed the accepted rule that a writ will issue for such instalments "as a matter of right." (Di Corpo v. Di Corpo, supra; Lohman v. Lohman, supra; Wolfe v. Wolfe, 30 Cal. 2d 1, 4 [180 P.2d 345].)
As to the portion of the order of April 22, 1948, denying the application for a writ covering the antecedent instalments the appeal is controlled by the Butcher case and those cited above and the only debatable question is whether the reviewing [91 Cal. App. 2d 359] court should say that there was an abuse of discretion. We have nothing more before us than the affidavits which were before the trial court. These show a delay of 15 years from the date of the judgment to the date of the hearing. During most of that time the parties were living in the same city of Oakland. The appellant had remarried and seems to have made only sporadic efforts to collect the payments. But it does not appear that she made any consistent effort to ascertain whether respondent had any property subject to execution.
The discretion of the trial court is just as good as ours and a better showing than that made here is necessary to justify a holding that such discretion has been abused. We need only follow the former opinion of this court in Cochrane v. Cochrane, 57 Cal. App. 2d 937 [135 P.2d 714].
The order is affirmed.
Goodell, J., and Dooling, J., concurred.
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R&B, JAZZ, BLUES & SOUL BANDS VANCOUVER
Live Horns. Soulful Vocals. Sexy Grooves. Find this and more when you book one of these great R&B, jazz, soul or blues bands! Historically, Vancouver is known for its R&B musicians and vocalists. It all started back in the 1960s with the popular dinner club "The Cave on Hornby Street" where bands such as The Night Train Review, Bobby Taylor & the Vancouvers (featuring Tommy Chong) and Long John Baldry performed. Our Vancouver, Canada entertainment agency books the very best of BC's R&B bands for your dining and dancing pleasure. It doesn't get any better than these seasoned singers and musicians!
"Retro Specialists" providing a trip down memory lane to the '60s and '70s. Motown, Disco, One Hit Wonders, and music from one of the most exciting times in the history of the 20th Century. Dance-able, Energetic and Entertaining.
Casey Thomas-Burns is a trombonist, vocalist, bandleader and arts administrator based in Vancouver, Canada. Described by Juno-nominated bassist Jodi Proznick as "the future of arts leadership", Casey is an artist on the rise in the Vancouver music scene.
Dalannah Gail Bowen is a 76 year old Afro-Canadian Cherokee force of nature. She is a prolific singer, songwriter, actress, play writer, story teller, event producer, social activist, International Memphis Blues Awards semi-finalist (2017) and a Blues Hall of Fame Master Blues Artist (2015).
Emmett Hatlelid is a jazz vocalist and songwriter influenced by crooners such as Al Bowlly, Frank Sinatra, Bing Crosby, and Fred Astaire. He has a rich and warm timbre more akin to traditional jazz than the modern jazz singing styles.
Henri Brown is a Musician, Singer, Songwriter, Music Producer, Sound Engineer, Film Writer, Film Producer, Actor and so much more. He is a dedicated, devoted, passionate, creative and talented man who puts his whole heart into anything he is involved in.
The Vancouver-based Blues/Rock group The Jason Lane Band supplies elements of the past and the present for listeners to bask in their hard-hitting and groovy tunes.
LEFT COAST
Left Coast is a five piece Vancouver based band. They have an eclectic style ranging from jazz to blues to funk and pop. They believe in versatility and are able to draw from their unique songlist to provide a variety of music you won't find anywhere else.
INCOGNITO continues to be one of Vancouver's Premiere Rock'n Soul Party featuring some of this city's top session pro's, and are a huge hit in the corporate market in Vancouver.
Leslie Harris has opened for Tina Turner, Bryan Adams, Steppenwolf, Cheap Trick, War, Spencer Davis Group, Eric Burden, and The Animals and Grand Funk Railroad. As the "les" in lesismore, Leslie's soulful voice and charismatic stage presence are irresistible to her ever-increasing Vancouver audience.
The Vancouver-based R+B Allstars, after a 10-year recuperation from groove fatigue, are reforming and will be performing starting mid-2013. The group includes 10 original members and 3 new additions.
SO TIGHT
If you are looking for a high energy band to fill your soul and rock the stage, look no more, you have found the ultimate party show band - you have found The SoTight Band!
Soul Purpose was started by a group of doctors from Burnaby hospital and has been performing for over 30 years! The band was a regular performer at the Boulevard Casino in Coquitlam (before it became the Hard Rock) as well as at the River Rock Casino.
Ladies Sing the Blues is one of Vancouver's more popular shows since it began, a number of years ago, almost every show has been a Sold Out Event due to it's popularity.
The North Shore based rhythm and blues powerhouse the R&B Conspiracy, play a mix of R&B, rock, funk, disco and soul hits - with an edge. This dynamic seven-piece band features three powerful female vocalists belting out beautiful harmonies and singing all of your favorite songs from the 60's to today. This seasoned high-energy band will get you up on the dance floor!
Despite the traumatic incident he continued to play guitar. From playing dive bar blues jams, a taste for Rockabilly.


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Thyssenkrupp Industries, Babcock & Wilcox Collaborates for Biomass Boiler Technology for India
Thyssenkrupp Industries has announced that it has signed an exclusive license treaty with Babcock & Wilcox Volund of Denmark for a biomass boiler technology for India and adjacent countries that could significantly reduce pollution, the company supposed.
The company held that its biomass boilers could help reduce pollution in North India, where burning of crop waste in fields has been a key source of pollutions and has ensued in pollution levels spiraling in the capital.
"Through this agreement with Babcock & Wilcox, we will be able to find a sustainable solution to this issue by utilizing this crop waste for clean energy generation. Babcock & Wilcox's water-cooled vibrating grate technology for biomass boilers can address various biomass fuels, even those with high alkali and chlorine content," believed Vivek Bhatia, Chief Executive Officer & Managing Director of Thyssenkrupp Industries India.
Babcock & Wilcox water-cooled vibrating grate was developed for combustion of biomass and multi-fuels with little or almost no ash content. This technology is well-matched for fuels with high alkali and chlorine content, such as rice straw – a common by-product of agriculture in India and other countries in the region. Thyssenkrupp aims to offer this technology in India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar and Bhutan.
"This arrangement with Thyssenkrupp Industries India is a significant step for B&W Volund in retrieving the growing renewable energy market in India," alleged Koen W. Bogers, managing director, B&W Volund.
Biomass | News published on 26/02/2019 by Moulin


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More On Artificial Intelligence, The Robots Kill The Humans For Real Now
December 1, 2022 December 1, 2022 / John
I've written before, tongue in cheek about this, but here we are. Who thought this was a good idea? Who is going to control these killer bots? What if they become sentient, then they kill on their own.
Sure it's in the shit hole San Francisco, but once there is a hole in the dike, the dam bursts. If they allow it there, it goes everywhere.
In a dystopian turn of events, the San Francisco Police Department is considering giving robots the license to kill.
Last week, San Francisco's rules committee unanimously approved a version of a draft policy stating that robots can be 'used as a deadly force option when risk of loss of life to members of the public or officers is imminent and outweighs any other force option'.
Members of the city's Board of Supervisors Rules Committee have been reviewing the new policy for several weeks as reported by Mission Local.
The original version did not mention robots until Aaron Peskin, the Dean of the city's Board of Supervisors, initially added that 'robots shall not be used as a Use of Force against any person'.
However, the SFPD amended Peskin's addition and replaced it with a line that could give robots the authority to kill suspects if the life of public or police was at risk.
According to Mission Local, Peskin eventually decided to accept the change because 'there could be scenarios where deployment of lethal force was the only option'.
The equipment policy states that the SFPD currently has 17 remotely piloted robots, of which only 12 are functioning.
In addition to granting robots the ability to use deadly force, the proposal also authorizes them for use in 'training and simulations, criminal apprehensions, critical incidents, exigent circumstances, executing a warrant or during suspicious device assessments'.
While most of the robots listed in the SFPD's inventory are primarily used for defusing bombs or dealing with hazardous materials, newer models have an optional weapons system.
The department's QinetiQ Talon can also be modified to hold various weapons — a weaponized version of the robot is currently used by the US Army and can equip grenade launchers, machine guns, or even a .50-caliber anti-materiel rifle.
If they can multiply, humans are doomed.
artificial intelligence, bias, censorship, delusions, discrimination, Elitism, Freedom, geek, government, military, msm, not obvious, people, politics, WEF
ai, government, murder, robots, San Francisco, shit hole, software
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Research by dating website FreeDating.co.uk found that 36% of women would dump their partner for giving an 'inadequate' Christmas gift.
This was particularly the case when the present was the latest in a series of disappointing let-downs within the relationship.
Examples of gifts which were deemed inadequate included cooking utensils, cleaning products, and a sticky tape dispenser.
Highly educated women were much more likely to end a relationship for this reason than those with no qualifications.
Women working in the legal profession were especially demanding, nearly two thirds of whom considered a poor present as grounds for ditching a partner.
Just 17% of men would end a relationship over their partner's choice of Christmas present.
Dan Winchester of FreeDating.co.uk commented: "Clearly men and women attach different levels of significance to gifts within relationships."
"The danger is that men will judge the importance of their gift choice for a partner based on their own expectations, which are dramatically lower."
A present is a present, however could it be a 'let down'? On what level can you expect a *present* to be of a certain standard?
Only feeble people would ever think of 'dumping' a partner just because they received a inadequate present!!!
My ex husband got me four large presents one christmas.I opened them and they were a bread bin,set of canisters, a utensils rack and a cookie jar. ALL FOR THE KITCHEN! I wasn't impressed.
My ex husband once bought me a mop! Hence the ex!
my x husband bought me a part of a toilet system. I still have it in the shed but i havent got him anymore.
I've been quite lucky, however my friend once received a battery operated dish scrubber from her husband, who was very lucky not to have it inserted into an orifice.
a frying pan last year and a kettle this year.BYE!
I once had a boyfriend who gave me a light bulb and attatched a note to it saying "you light up my life". i wasn't very pleased at all has we been together for 3 years and i was exspecting a big proposal if you know what i mean.
My EX - I repeat - EX husband bought me a vacuum cleaner for my first Xmas present with him! Say no more!!!
I once received a hand knitted(well on a machine)cardigan from my ex husband as did all the kids, We spent most of Christmas scratching.
my ex finished with me at christmas just so she didnt have to buy me a present,then got back with me after christmas! she did the same for my birthday.nice person hey!!
I once received an adopted Chimp certificate from an ex. More her sort of thing than mine - it came with a photo of the chimp and the chimp would write letters to me. The chimp often gave me more attention than she did!


Distance between Yarragon and Neerim Junction. How many miles from Yarragon to Neerim Junction.
The straight distance between Yarragon (Victoria) and Neerim Junction (Victoria) is 19.89 mi, but the driving distance is 24.71 mi.
It takes to go from Yarragon to Neerim Junction.


I have a brain, yes it is there, well that is what the doctor told me today when I saw him, he did say I have some kinda cyst he did give it a name but for the love of me I can't remember what he said. I have to go back next week so I will ask him to print out the report from the radiologist so I can tell Tim and anyone else who cares.
I had to have another Xray done today of my left shoulder as I have had a lot of pain in it the last week or so I said I thought I must had slept wrong but he said to have an Xray anyway to make sure I haven't done anything bad to it. So when I go back and get the results I will ask him for a print out of the results of the scan and the Xray.
Blain is home he went to school yesterday and was back here last night, both yesterday and this afternoon he walked home from school it is much better for me with him walking home from school. I like the fact that I can be there when Leo gets out, what I don't like is that Leo always wants to come back here after school and most days Blain doesn't want him around and will go off to his mates and leave Leo here.
In other news 4 years ago today at Denni Jean was born at 9.46pm she was 6lb 5oz funny how here in Australia it has been metric for so long but when we talk about a baby's birth it is still pounds and ounces. Denni is the youngest daughter of my sister Sandra brother in-law Ed she has an older sister Temika 6 and older brother Zac 18, her best friend is Landon 4 who is also her cousin she calls him "My Landon", she is the most adorable little girl.
It's late and I have nothing for today been busy all day so this is all you get today.
Blain is still at his fathers well he was yesterday, not sure about today as I haven't been told where he is at his dad's or at school, he has tonsillitis and has not been well he is on antibiotics for it, from what Natasha said his father was making out it was somehow her fault that Blain got sick, really, I don't think so these things happen.
When I went out this morning to take Leo to school, I left the letter about the inspection taped to the glass door saying that I had to take a child to school and would be back soon, thankfully he didn't turn up while I was out.
What gets me is that I am home I have the front sliding door open and still the guy went to the other door, makes one wonder do they not look, our wooden front door is out of use as the screen door is locked and we can't find the key but I am going to see if I can get Tim to change the lock on the screen door so we can start using the door again.
It isn't even 11am and I am so tired, I feel like I have been up for hours ok have been up for hours but still feeling this tired isn't the norm, some would say go have a nap but I don't want to do that.
Sorry I don't have much news today, I am just too tired and not with it enough to write about anything interesting.
Education: Year 10 of high school, I left in 1979, in 1980 I did a secretarial course at Tafe but that was only because my best friend at the time thought about doing it and I went along with her and I got into the course and she didn't.
Favourite Colour: Don't have one favourite colour, I like shades of purple and I like shades of pink and some shades of yellow so more then one colour.
Kathy has always preferred her dad over me, there has been many times in her life that I felt she didn't need me or want me around. Kathy and I have clashed a lot over the years she stills says I kicked her out of home when she was 18, for the record I DID NOT. However, when she was 18 she started thinking about moving out of home and thus started applying for rental places one of which was her first flat in Charlestown.
She came with me to the property inspection she said she liked it and so I filled in the application form and handed it in for her and when she got it I spent the whole first day laying carpet in the kitchen/ lounge-room area, it wasn't new carpet it was an of cut bit I found in a bin at the back of a carpet store they did and at times still do toss out off cuts.
I remember when she was in 1st class at school I used to walk her to and from school most days and let her dad take the car to work, well this one day I pick her up and we get out the front of the school and she didn't want to walk home and threw a tantrum, I knelt and told her calmly we had to walk as I did not have a car she spat in my face, so what did I do I slapped her face. I then spent the rest of the day and next few days worrying that one of the other parents would report me to Docs ( Department of Children Services) for slapping her face, no one did and she never spat in my face again.
As a child she gave me a lot of worry because she acted like she hated her youngest sister Jessica she often threaten to kill Jessica and told me I couldn't always be there to protect Jessica so I could never leave the two of them alone. She often told Jessica she was adopted and not really part of the family.
A few years back sitting here in my lounge-room me and my girls were talking about how children will say they hate their mother or father and I said to Kathy how she would often tell me she hated me but I knew she didn't mean it and she doesn't hate me to which she replied "there are times when I really do hate you mother" that hurt it still hurts when I think about it she was no longer a child having a tantrum but a 26 year old mother herself.
As a mother Kathy rocks, she is amazing, she is one to interact with her children each and every day, she plays with her children to the point that for a while they didn't know how to play alone without mummy that has changed but often they still prefer mummy to play games with them and entertain and amuse them. This of course can be frustrating for Kathy when she wants them to amuse themselves while she cooks tea or does the laundry or other housework.
All in all her father and I are super proud of Kathy-Lee she has grown into a wonderful woman a loving and caring mother and daughter who is there for us when we need her, she has been helping me with my grocery shopping on Friday's do I need her help yes and no do I like her help yes, do I enjoy her company sure do. I also enjoy seeing Summer on the Friday.
A large flag 5.5 by 11 metres was flown over the dome of the Royal Exhibition Building in Melbourne, it wasn't till the 28th August 1996 that the Governor-General of Australia, Sir William Dean issued a proclamation that officially established the 3rd of September as Australian National Flag Day, it is not a public holiday so most people do not even know we have a national flag day.
Many people would like to see our flag changed to something different, I am not one of them, I really don't see the point in changing the flag, some have said there should be a referendum like they had in New Zealand about changing the flag but since New Zealand voted on changing the flag and the vote decided to keep their flag as it is some now say if we had a vote they thing the majority would vote to keep the flag as is as well.
Hi all, what happened to Tuesday, stuffed if I know, after taking the boys to school I came home and read some blogs opened up a page to write a post got distracted then had to go to have a CT Scan of my brain, not to make sure it's there but to see if it showed a reason for all the bloody awful headaches I have been getting. Before the scan I went to the library so I left home at 11am and didn't get home again till 3.20pm as by the time I was done at the Xray place I had to go get the boys from school.
Blain said he was walking home but he didn't tell me he was walking home till after he got out of school, so I left him to walk home while I went to get Leo but I didn't let Leo come home to my place instead I dropped him off at his own house. Blain said he didn't want Leo here in the afternoons and so I am not bringing him here as that means I end up having to deal with them fighting. I know it is upsetting for Leo when I say he can't come over after school but I cannot see the point in him coming here if Blain doesn't want him here they only end up fighting.
Just a thought how many of you know how to use a dictionary, may sound like a silly question but I was just looking up how to spell mischief and occupy and had a flash of memory to a few years back when my youngest daughter said she didn't understand how to use a dictionary. Yeah she said that I said how hard is it, she said if you don't know how to spell a word how can you find it in the dictionary. To which I replied well generally speaking you have an idea how to spell the word so you look up how you think it is spelt and find the correct spelling, she couldn't get it she was in her late teens early 20's at the time. Now days you have spell checker on your computer but still at times it doesn't always pick up the word you are trying to spell like mischief it wasn't coming up with the correct spelling so I used the dictionary the problem was I left the c out and for some reason it just didn't come up with the right spelling.


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LAssociazione Polisportiva Dilettantistica L.F. Jesina Calcio Femminile è una squadra di calcio femminile con sede a Jesi. Fondata nel 1998, partecipa al campionato italiano di calcio femminile con la formazione titolare nel campionato di Serie C, con quella giovanile nel Campionato Primavera, inoltre gestisce una squadra di Calcio a 5 iscritta alla Serie C regionale Marche del relativo campionato italiano femminile.

Storia
La società viene fondata nell'estate 1998, quando diverse ragazze del luogo riescono a convincere il futuro primo presidente del club, Venerando Costa, a formare una compagine calcistica femminile a Jesi. Il primo sponsor è la Rimeco che dà anche il nome alla squadra. La Polisportiva Femminile Rimeco Italia Jesi viene iscritta alla Serie C, torneo regionale, ottenendo dopo diversi anni la promozione nel campionato nazionale di Serie B. Nel terzo livello nazionale ben figura risultando più volte vincitrice della Coppa Disciplina e sfiorando in più occasioni la promozione in Serie A2. Nel 2005 avviene il cambio di sponsor con l'avvento della E.D.P. (Elettricità Delta Padano) e di conseguenza il cambio della denominazione societaria in E.D.P. Jesina Calcio Femminile. Il salto nel secondo livello nazionale avverrà nell'estate 2007 grazie ad un ripescaggio. Dopo 3 tornei eccellenti, per motivi economici la squadra si autoretrocede nuovamente a livello regionale tornando in Serie C. Nel 2012 vincendo il campionato di Serie C e grazie all'unione del campionato di A2 con quello di Serie B, la squadra torna al secondo livello nazionale. Dopo alcune buone stagioni, nella stagione 2015-2016 le ragazze biancorosse vincono il girone B e vengono promosse per la prima storica volta in Serie A. Nell'estate antecedente la squadra cambia denominazione in Jesina Calcio Femminile. Il debutto non è positivo e la squadra perde le prime 7 gare di campionato con la società che decide di sollevare dall'incarico di allenatore il tecnico della promozione Giugliano. Per i primi punti in massima serie bisogna attendere la decima giornata con la vittoria interna contro il Como 2000. Nonostante l'impegno e qualche risultato a sorpresa come la vittoria esterna contro il Tavagnacco con alcune giornate di anticipo la squadra retrocede in Serie B.

Cronistoria

Allenatori e presidenti

Palmarès

Competizioni giovanili

2011-2012

Note

Collegamenti esterni

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Marketing communications for engineering and technology companies
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Explosion proof cabinets simplify deployment of field instrumentation in process plants
ideal for decentralised/distributed analyzers in refineries and fertilizer plants
March 23, 2016 — Outdoor enclosure specialist Intertec has launched a new range of explosion proof cabinets to protect field instrumentation operating in hazardous areas. Available in a diverse range of standard sizes, as well as in custom shapes up to walk-in shelter size, the cabinets are certified for use in Zone 1 and Zone 2 hazardous areas. They are ideal for housing forward-placed analyzer equipment in industrial process facilities such as petrochemical/oil refineries and fertilizer production/storage plants, and also provide the possibility to install non-Ex rated analyzers and instrumentation inside Zone 1 or 2 classified environments.
Intertec's pressurised explosion proof (Ex p) cabinets are constructed from GRP (glass reinforced polyester) composite materials. These materials are highly resistant to corrosion and have a similar strength to stainless steel, but are about 75 percent lighter, making them ideal for equipment containment and personnel shelter applications. They are especially suitable when robustness and rigidity need to be combined with low mass – such as on offshore platforms. They are also ideal for areas where there is a need to mitigate injury to personnel or damage to equipment, such as on sites where there is risk of an explosion.
GRP composite materials also have a much higher thermal resistance than metal. This simplifies the construction of cabinets that provide excellent insulation, greatly reducing the energy required to heat or cool the equipment. It also makes it easier to build cabinets without any thermally conductive links between their exterior and interior surfaces, thereby avoiding creating cold-spots which can lead to problems with condensation.
Intertec is capable of producing single-piece panels of GRP composite as large as 6 x 12 metres. This enables the company to create cabinets of virtually any size. The panels can be chemically bonded to create very tight sealing that prevents the ingress of hazardous gas and reduces the consumption of air, which is used to create the slight positive over-pressure needed for Ex p protection. Any requirement for special air locks to allow unfettered access to equipment inside the cabinet or shelter can be accommodated very easily.
The pressurised cabinets are equipped with a control unit that regulates the flow of inert purging gas or compressed air, and then monitors the pressure inside the cabinet to ensure that it is maintained slightly above atmospheric pressure by automatically compensating for any leakage losses. Intertec works with a number of controls manufacturers to equip its Ex p cabinets with the most appropriate type of purging and pressurisation systems.
Each partially equipped enclosure is then tested by Intertec at one of its manufacturing plants, before being delivered to the system integrator for installation of the analyzer instrumentation. Final safety testing of the complete unit is carried out at the integrator's facility, prior to its installation at the customer's site. Intertec is certified by various competent bodies – including PTB (Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt) – to perform the necessary compliance testing.
According to Klaus Dieter Meyer of Intertec, "There is a growing need for Ex p field protection cabinets and enclosures in the process sector. Analyzers are getting smaller and plant operators are keen to site these as close to the process as possible, in order to shorten sample lines and thereby improve the accuracy and speed of results processing. Our ability to create Ex p cabinets and enclosures of virtually any design and complexity provides system integrators with a very flexible and cost-effective solution."
www.intertec.info
Intertec Instrumentation Ltd, 14a Riverbank, Lower Beach Road, Shoreham-by-Sea, West Sussex BN43 5YH, UK.
t: 0800 756 1102; sales@intertec-inst.co.uk
Intertec-Hess GmbH, Raffineriestr. 8, D 93333 Neustadt, Germany.
t: +49 9445 9532 0; info@intertec-hess.com
Intertec Instrumentation B.V., Oerseweg 2b, 7071 PP Ulft, The Netherlands.
t: +31 315 215 000; nederland@intertec.info
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It's no longer a secret that good sales people are utilizing Social Media to maximize their sales prospecting. LinkedIn, in particular, is an effective tool that sales professionals should be constantly mining for new leads. Dynamics 365 recognizes this with LinkedIn integration in the Sales Navigator widget.
You can expect even more LinkedIn integration in the Fall 2018 Dynamics 365 update, but there is already lots to dig your teeth into. Instructions on how to get going can be read here.
Although most understand the importance of utilizing LinkedIn, what resistance remains is largely based on a misunderstanding of what LinkedIn is. Many people still primarily view LinkedIn as a recruiting/job searching site. That's a mistake. LinkedIn is a rich and valuable sales resource.
Here's how you should be using LinkedIn and why LinkedIn integration is such an important component of Dynamics 365.
Although there is nothing wrong with staying in touch with your college buddies, that's not the purpose of LinkedIn. If a majority of your contacts are people that you know in real life and share a personal, not business, relationship with then you're doing it wrong.
Don't be shy! Get out there and start connecting with people that are going to benefit you professionally. The beauty of the LinkedIn network is that connections spawn more connections and it doesn't take long to grow your contact list to the point that you can leverage it to find and close leads.
There is a great deal of depth of information on the typical LinkedIn company profile. With a few clicks, you should be able to map out a company's organizational chart and understand who is working on what projects. All of this rich information allows you to ensure that you're not wasting your time chasing dead end contacts. You can learn who you need to contact and what they are doing. In turn, you can know exactly how you can help them.
Sales is about relationships. In fact, it's arguably more important than ever in an era where customers are doing more and more research on their own before engaging in a formal sales process. The customer often knows the product as well as the salesperson does. They are not likely to be swayed by a straight sales pitch. The sales professional needs to distinguish his or herself in other ways.
Often that means building a good personal relationship with the client. LinkedIn provides you with the tools to do just that. You can easily see ways to relate to the client. Did you go to the same college? Share a fraternity or sorority affiliation? Have mutual connections? LinkedIn can tell you and, if so, you can use that information to reach out and connect. That connection might be the difference when it comes time to make that sale!
LinkedIn is more than just a series of headshots and profiles. There's a whole interactive site that can and should be leveraged to find opportunities. The Groups feature is a collection of similar users that gravitate to one another because they have similar likes, needs and skills. These groups provide you with a great insight into how people in industries that you are targeting think. Since the groups are often less formal than what you'll encounter in a business environment it provides an opportunity to introduce yourself and build truth and authority in the group in a less aggressive and more organic fashion. In turn, you'll be viewed more favourably – as much a friend as colleague – when it comes time to sell.
Don't ignore your own profile in pursuit of making more and more connections and in massaging the connections you already have. Your profile is your calling card to others and a great resource in attracting people to connect to you. So, it's imperative to optimize your profile to drive sales.
Make sure you do it right though. Have current links to your company site, Twitter and Facebook page. Ensure that you have references and a good description of who you are and what you're about. Lastly, don't be camera shy. Profiles with photos are much more likely to attract visitors. Just make sure your photo is professional and that you look friendly and approachable in it.
One of the biggest mistakes people make when trying to leverage Social Media is forgetting the 'social' part. Just as it's important to engage in groups, it's also vital to create unique content of your own and to share other relevant content.
The goal is to be seen as a trusted authority in your field. The more trusted you are the more likely you are to find and close leads on LinkedIn.
All of these benefits can be maximized through LinkedIn integration with Dynamics 365. If you'd like to learn more about how to take advantage of this great one-two sales punch give the D365 experts at CRM Dynamics a shout.


The flag of which country is a horizontal tricolour of "deep saffron" at the top, white in the middle, and green at the bottom with, in the centre, a navy blue wheel with twenty-four spokes?
Billy Blaze, an 8-year-old genius who constructed a spaceship in his backyard from old soup cans and other household objects called "The Bean-with-Bacon Megarocket" puts on his brother's football helmet and becomes what character in a video game series?
Which of these is used in Buddhism?
In the Bible, Goliath was a member of what group?
Who, before being awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature for 2003, was the first author to be awarded the Booker Prize twice?
Ned Flanders, a character in "The Simpsons", runs a store that sells what?


text:
La Fédération québécoise des sports cyclistes (FQSC) est un organisme sans but lucratif voué à la régie et la promotion des sports cyclistes au Québec.

La fédération est l'entité québécoise reconnue par l'Association cycliste canadienne (ACC) de par l'Union cycliste internationale (UCI).

Fonctions de la fédération

 Régir la pratique des sports cyclistes au Québec
 Promouvoir les sports cyclistes au Québec
 Offrir des services aux associations régionales, aux clubs et individus affiliés
 Promouvoir la pratique sécuritaire des sports cyclistes et du respect de l'esprit sportif
 Représenter ses membres auprès des instances québécoises, canadiennes et internationales du cyclisme et sur le plan omnisport
 Défendre et protéger les droits de ses membres
 Favoriser le plein épanouissement des pratiquants des sports cyclistes

Historique

La Fédération québécoise des sports cyclistes a un historique riche dont voici quelques pages :

 Durant les années 1960 : à cette époque, l'organisme qui régissait le cyclisme au Québec s'appelait L'Union cycliste nationale et ses lettres patentes dataient du .

  : l'Union cycliste nationale change de nom et devient l'Union cycliste du Québec.

  : constitution légale de la Fédération cycliste du Québec (FCQ).

   : modification des lettres patentes de la fédération pour y ajouter les objets suivants :
 de façon générale, promouvoir par le développement de l'activité physique, l'éducation et l'ensemble de la collectivité québécoise de façon à assurer un meilleur épanouissement physique, intellectuel et moral ;
 à cette fin, recevoir et solliciter des dons, des legs et autres contributions de même nature en argent, en valeur mobilière ou immobilière, administrer tels dons, legs, contributions et organiser des campagnes de souscription ;
 les objets ci-dessous mentionnés ne permettent cependant pas aux souscripteurs ou à leurs ayants droit de recouvrer ou de bénéficier sous quelque forme que ce soit de l'argent qu'ils versent à la corporation.

  : la Fédération cycliste du Québec (FCQ) devient la Fédération québécoise des sports cyclistes (FQSC) et inclut désormais la pratique du vélocross (aujourd'hui connu sous le nom de BMX) parmi les sports cyclistes dont elle assure la régie.

  : l'Association québécoise de vélo de montagne (AQVM), légalement constituée le , cesse ses activités et est fusionnée au sein de la FQSC.

  : approbation de modifications aux lettres patentes lors de l'Assemblée générale annuelle. Les objets de la corporation se lisent désormais comme suit :
 promouvoir le développement du sport cycliste sous toutes ses formes dans la province de Québec ;
 regrouper les associations régionales, les clubs, les individus et les autres organismes intéressés aux sports cyclistes au Québec ;
 de façon générale, promouvoir par le développement de l'activité physique et de saines habitudes de vie l'éducation de la collectivité québécoise de façon à lui assurer un meilleur épanouissement physique, intellectuel et moral.

Voir aussi

Article connexe
 Cyclisme au Québec

Lien externe

Cyclisme au Québec
Association ou organisme ayant son siège à Montréal
Québec
Fédération sportive québécoise


Posted April 25, 2016 by Robert & filed under Announcements, Readings.
Our next live worldwide poetry reading will feature Eric Berlin from Syracuse, NY, USA and Sarah Howe from London, UK, hosted by Edward Doegar of The Poetry Society.
Tune in for free on May 21st, 2016 at 18.00 BST. The poets will be reading their work and answering your questions live on air.
Eric Berlin is a freelance editor living near Syracuse, New York, where he teaches "Ear Training for Poets" and "The Poetics of Prayer" at the Downtown Writers' Center. He received an MFA in Poetry from Syracuse University, an MFA in Sculpture from NY Academy of Art, and a BA in English from Harvard University. After a solo show at Spark Contemporary Art Space, he returned to poetry, winning The Ledge 2014 Poetry Prize and receiving a fellowship from Vermont Studio Center, where he began a book on the rhythm of language in stand-up. His poems can be found in Hunger Mountain, Tupelo Quarterly, and North American Review as well as Milkweed Editions' Outsiders. His poem "Night Errand" won the 2015 National Poetry Prize.
Sarah Howe was born in Hong Kong in 1983. She won an Eric Gregory Award from the Society of Authors in 2010. Her first collection, Loop of Jade, is published by Chatto & Windus, and was shortlisted for the Forward Prize for Best First Collection, and the TS Eliot Prize 2015. She is the founding editor of Prac Crit, a journal of poetry and criticism. Her poems have appeared widely in British magazines including The Poetry Review, PN Review and Poetry London, in anthologies such as The Salt Book of Younger Poets and Dear World & Everyone In It, and on BBC Radio 3 and 4. She has performed her work at events across the country, from Ledbury Poetry Festival to the Royal Festival Hall. In 2015-16, she will be based at the Radcliffe Institute, Harvard. Sarah was a Poetry Society Young Poet of the Year in 2000 (Simon Elvin/Foyle Young Poets), and is a judge of The Poetry Society's National Poetry Competition in 2015. She was awarded the T S Eliot Prize in 2015 for Loop of Jade, the first time a debut collection has won the prize.
The Poetry Society was founded in 1909 to promote "a more general recognition and appreciation of poetry". Since then, it has grown into one of Britain's most dynamic arts organisations, representing British poetry both nationally and internationally. Today it has nearly 4,000 members worldwide and publishes the leading poetry magazine Poetry Review. Edward Doegar is the General Manager of The Poetry Society. His poems, reviews and translations have appeared widely in magazines including Poetry Review, Ambit, Poetry London and Poetry Ireland Review. He is a Complete Works fellow and his work is featured in the Bloodaxe anthology 'Ten: The New Wave'. He is an Assistant Editor at The Rialto.


text:
BioMed Research International / 2013 / Article
AbstractBackgroundMethodsResultsDiscussionConclusionsAbbreviationsAcknowledgmentsReferencesCopyright
Wei Li, Zhen-Fu Hu, Bin Chen, Guo-Xin Ni, "Response of C2C12 Myoblasts to Hypoxia: The Relative Roles of Glucose and Oxygen in Adaptive Cellular Metabolism", BioMed Research International, vol. 2013, Article ID 326346, 10 pages, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/326346
Response of C2C12 Myoblasts to Hypoxia: The Relative Roles of Glucose and Oxygen in Adaptive Cellular Metabolism
Wei Li,1 Zhen-Fu Hu,2 Bin Chen,3 and Guo-Xin Ni3
1Clinical Medicine Education Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
2Department of Plastic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
3Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
Academic Editor: Joohun Ha
Revised22 Sep 2013
Background. Oxygen and glucose are two important nutrients for mammalian cell function. In this study, the effect of glucose and oxygen concentrations on C2C12 cellular metabolism was characterized with an emphasis on detecting whether cells show oxygen conformance (OC) in response to hypoxia. Methods. After C2C12 cells being cultured in the levels of glucose at 0.6 mM (LG), 5.6 mM (MG), or 23.3 mM(HG) under normoxic or hypoxic (1% oxygen) condition, cellular oxygen consumption, glucose consumption, lactate production, and metabolic status were determined. Short-term oxygen consumption was measured with a novel oxygen biosensor technique. Longer-term measurements were performed with standard glucose, lactate, and cell metabolism assays. Results. It was found that oxygen depletion in normoxia is dependent on the glucose concentration in the medium. Cellular glucose uptake and lactate production increased significantly in hypoxia than those in normoxia. In hypoxia the cellular response to the level of glucose was different to that in normoxia. The metabolic activities decreased while glucose concentration increased in normoxia, while in hypoxia, metabolic activity was reduced in LG and MG, but unchanged in HG condition. The OC phenomenon was not observed in the present study. Conclusions. Our findings suggested that a combination of low oxygen and low glucose damages the viability of C2C12 cells more seriously than low oxygen alone. In addition, when there is sufficient glucose, C2C12 cells will respond to hypoxia by upregulating anaerobic respiration, as shown by lactate production.
Oxygen and glucose are crucial for cellular respiration. Glycolysis underlies both anaerobic and aerobic respiration, but aerobic respiration provides a greater yield of ATP per molecule of glucose if oxygen is available. The ability of a mammalian cell to gauge the oxygen concentration in its environment and to protect itself through internal regulation is known as oxygen sensing [1, 2]. Normal cellular function depends on the supply of oxygen, that is, sufficient for metabolic needs. If the oxygen supply does not match the cellular energy demands, adaptive mechanisms would occur to compensate. However, once such adaptive mechanisms are insufficient to prevent cellular hypoxia, an increase in anaerobic synthesis of ATP would be expected to meet the demand [3]. Under anoxic condition, the rate of glycolysis in mammalian cells is considered to be insufficient to maintain intracellular concentrations of ATP.
The conventional view that a decrease in oxygen consumption will only be caused by oxygen limitation at mitochondria is now challenged by a phenomenon described as oxygen conformance (OC), by which oxygen consumption declines as the oxygen supply is reduced without either a loss of cellular viability or compensatory anaerobic energy production [4, 5]. OC has been reported in hepatocytes, skeletal muscle, and cardiomyocytes [6–9]. In these cell types, oxygen consumption under condition of low oxygen concentration is reduced to maintain cellular survival without an increase in anaerobic energy production.
C2C12 murine myoblast has been widely applied to in vitro studies on skeletal muscle damage, regeneration, and differentiation, as well as chemical, electrical and mechanical stimulation due to the cell line's rapid growth, ease of culture, and sensitivity to manipulations [10–18]. In addition, it has been extensively used for the production of 3D tissue-engineered muscle [19–24]. Previously, it was declared that the C2C12 cell line exhibited OC behavior [25]. More recently, Gawlitta et al. [26] investigated how the metabolism, including glucose utilization, of C2C12-engineered skeletal muscle is influenced by ischemic factors and suggested that during hypoxia, anaerobic metabolism is adopted, resulting in lactic acid accumulation, and cellular metabolism is downregulated by the occurrence of OC. However, in these studies, the OC rate of C2C12 cell, which is a key parameter to verify the occurrence of OC, was not determined. Therefore, to further understand the response of myoblast to hypoxia, in the present study, the aerobic and anaerobic respirations in C2C12 murine skeletal myoblast were investigated by measuring oxygen consumption, glucose consumption, lactate production, and metabolic activity in different glucose concentrations and under conditions of normoxia and hypoxia.
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Cell Culture
C2C12 murine skeletal muscle myoblasts (passages 15–30, ECACC, Salisbury, UK) were cultured in tissue culture flasks (Sarstedt), in a humidified, 37°C, 5% CO2 incubator and passaged every 2-3 days at 80–90% confluency. Growth media (GM) for cell propagation was DMEM (4.5 g/L glucose, containing GlutaMAX) to which sterile supplements were added as follows (per 100 mL): 10 mL FCS (gamma-irradiated, containing 1.16 g/L glucose; BioSera), 1 mL sodium pyruvate (100 mM), 0.5 mL Penicillin (10,000 U/mL), streptomycin (10,000 ug/mL), and 1 mL uridine.
For all experiments, media were changed to experiment media (EM), which was phenol red-free DMEM (D5030, Sigma, plus 3.7 g/L sodium bicarbonate), supplemented as GM but with the addition of 2 mL glutamine (200 mM) and the omission of uridine. Glucose was added to EM prior to supplementation at 0 g/L (low glucose, LG), 1 g/L (medium glucose, MG), and 4.5 g/L (high glucose, HG). Due to the presence of glucose in the supplemental FCS, the final glucose concentration in experiment media was 0.6 (LG), 5.6 (MG), and 23.3 (HG) mM, respectively. EM were equilibrated overnight in a standard 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C before being added to cells. Tissue culture reagents were purchased from Invitrogen unless otherwise stated; chemicals were purchased from Sigma unless otherwise stated.
2.2. Oxygen Measurement Using BD Biosensor System
Two hundred microlitre aliquots of cell suspensions, at 3 densities of 50,000, 100,000 and 200,000 cells/mL, swere transferred into 96-well oxygen biosensors (Becton Dickinson Bioscience, Oxford, UK). The loaded biosensors were transferred immediately to the 5% CO2 humidified environment of a standard cell culture incubator referred to the normoxic condition in this study. As for hypoxia condition, biosensors loaded as above were transferred into a humidified incubator (Innova CO-48) set to maintain a 1% O2, 5% CO2, 37°C environment. The oxygen concentration of the samples was recorded from the base of the wells by scanning the biosensor plate using a fluorescence plate reader (Fluoroskan Ascent FL,Thermo Lab systems) at hourly intervals over a 6-hour period.
2.3. Biosensor System Calculations
The oxygen biosensor (BD Biosciences, Oxford, UK) consists of a 96-well plate with an oxygen sensitive dye embedded within a gas permeable silicon matrix immobilized at the base of each well. Oxygen quenches the ability of the dye to fluoresce in a concentration-dependent manner. The fluorescence intensity at the base of each well was read using excitation and emission filters of 485 and 595 nm, respectively. The quenching behavior of the biosensor fluorophores is described by a mathematical model, namely, the Stern-Volmer equation: where is the oxygen concentration, is the fluorophore quenching constant, is the normalized fluorescence intensity at , and is the normalized fluorescence intensity recorded at the reference condition (zero oxygen). The value of can be calculated from the ratio of the fluorescence intensity recorded from two reference conditions. In the present work, these correspond to a cell-free medium sample that had equilibrated with the incubator atmosphere, referred to as the ambient control and a zero oxygen control that consisted of 100 mM sodium sulphite, such that where is the normalized fluorescence intensity in the zero oxygen control and is the normalized fluorescence intensity a . The values and were measured using the biosensor, where the value of was calculated using Henry's law for the equilibrium distribution of oxygen between the atmosphere and water, and defined as (3) where is the concentration of oxygen in solution [moles/L], is the solubility coefficient of oxygen expressed as volume of gas per volume of water, represents the molar volume of oxygen at standard temperature (0°C) and pressure (1 Atm), and is the partial pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere. According to Avogadro's theory, the solubility coefficient of oxygen in water is 0.024 and the value of for oxygen is 22.4 L at 37°C. The partial pressure of oxygen in air at sea level (0.210 atm) is reduced to 0.186 atm under the test conditions by the additional (0.050 atm) and water vapor (0.062 atm) in the incubator atmosphere. Substituting these values into (3) yields the oxygen concentration in the ambient control of 200 μM and in the 1% oxygen incubator control of 10.7 μM [27].
2.4. Glucose and Lactate Measurement
For each cell density supplied with HG medium, additional replicates were prepared as above but in standard separate 96-well plates and cultured for up to 72 hours to provide samples for glucose and lactate determinations. The medium was aspirated at 24-hour intervals, transferred immediately to prelabeled micro-centrifuge tubes on ice, and then frozen prior to subsequent determination of the glucose and lactate concentrations, as below.
Standard protocols for glucose and lactate measurements were followed. In brief, glucose concentrations in the medium were determined using the infinity glucose assay reagent (Sigma Diagnostics). Infinity reagent contains hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and NAD+. 240 μL of reagent was added to 12 μL aliquots of each diluted sample, preculture media controls, or glucose standard solutions in duplicate and the reactions were incubated at 37°C for 10 minutes before recording the absorbance at 340 nm using a plate reader. For lactate measurements, 10 mg of βNAD+ was reconstituted with 2 mL glycine buffer, 4 mL water, and 0.1 mL LDH suspension. 140 μL of the reconstituted βNAD+ was added to 6 μL of sample, lactate standards, sand pre-culture media controls in duplicate and incubated at 37°C for 30 minutes before the absorbance was recorded at 340 nm. Samples that exceeded the standard curve were diluted and remeasured.
2.5. Alamar Blue Assay
The Alamar Blue assay is a commercially available product (Serotec Ltd., Oxford, UK) as an indicator of cellular metabolic status. For each of the three cell densities, additional replicates were prepared as above in standard separate 96-well plates and cultured for up to 48 hours. Alamar Blue reagent was added to cell culture media at a concentration of 10% (v/v) then incubated in a standard 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C for 4 hours then fluorescence was measured (excitation wavelength 570 nm and emission wavelength at 590 nm, Fluoroskan Ascent FL; Thermo Lab systems).
2.6. Statistical Analysis
All data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. The effect of different glucose concentrations (LG, MG, and HG) and of the cultivation environment (either normoxic or hypoxic) on the metabolic status of C2C12 cells was analyzed simultaneously by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) performed with GraphPad Prism version 5. Individual comparisons were subsequently made between each glucose concentration using a Bonferroni post tests. Statistical significance is indicated as (non-significant, ns); (*); (**); and (***).
3.1. Effect of Glucose Concentration on Oxygen Consumption of C2C12 Cells
Figures 1 and 2 showed oxygen consumption of C2C12 cells of various densities cultured with different glucose concentrations under either normoxic or hypoxic condition. Under normoxic condition, a monotonic reduction in oxygen concentration was observed over six hours, and this oxygen consumption was proportional to cell density for cells cultured at LG level (Figure 1(a)). At either MG or HG level, the oxygen consumption was similar for cells cultured at densities of and cells/mL but higher than that at a density of cells/mL (Figures 1(b) and 1(c)). The highest oxygen consumption was observed with cells cultured in LG conditions at a density of cells/mL.
The depletion of oxygen within BD biosensor system containing C2C12 cells over a 6-hour culture period. The figures compare culture in low glucose (LG), medium glucose (MG), and high glucose (HG). The results are shown for 200 μL cell samples of cells/mL (♦), cells/mL (□), and cells/mL cultured with the appropriate medium exposed in normoxic ((a)–(c)) and hypoxic ((d)–(f)) environments. Each point represents the mean and standard deviation of six replicates.
The initial oxygen consumption rate of C2C12 cells cultured in LG, MG, and HG media at normoxic environment. Values are estimated from the linear region of the oxygen depletion curve, as indicated in Figures 1(a)–1(f).
Under normoxic condition, a linear model was fitted for each experimental variable to the data from 1 to 6 hrs. OC rate was determined from the gradient of this line and converted to oxygen moles/hour/cell (Figure 2). The rate did not appear to be substantially affected by the cell density; however, when comparing cells cultured at density of and cells/mL, it was found that OC rate decreased with the increase glucose concentration.
Figures 1(d)–1(f) presented data from experiments concerning hypoxia where the biosensor plates were cultured in conditions of 1% oxygen but transferred to the 21% oxygen environment of room air at hourly interval for fluorescence measurement. The measurement procedure took around 3 minutes during which the biosensor plates were equilibrating with 21% oxygen instead of 1% oxygen. Consequently, the recorded fluorescence should be normalized to an intermediate value between 1% (incubation condition) and 21% (measurement condition), which is not precisely known. Due to this technical limitation, the oxygen concentrations shown in the -axis labels were somewhat arbitrary (Figures 1(d)–1(f)) and further analysis, such as calculation of oxygen consumption rates, was therefore not attempted. However, trends may still be identified from these data; for example, Figure 1(d) revealed clear differences between cells cultured at different densities, which are likely to be attributed to oxygen consumption by the cells. A similar relationship was suggested to that observed in normoxia between oxygen concentration, cell density, and glucose concentration (Figures 1(d)–1(f)).
3.2. Effect of Hypoxia on Glucose Uptake and Lactate Production of C2C12 Cells
Glucose uptake and lactate production were measured for cells cultured at three different densities in normoxia or hypoxia for 24, 48, and 72 hours (Figure 3). The effect of supplemental glucose was not examined and all cells were cultured in HG conditions.
Glucose uptake ((a)–(c)) and lactate production ((d)–(f)) of C2C12 cells cultured in HG medium at hypoxic and normoxic environments up to 72 hours period. Each bar represents the mean and standard deviation of six replicates. Comparisons of quantitative significant differences are shown in the figure, significance is indicated as nonsignificant, (ns), (*), (**), and (***).
In normoxia, glucose uptake was similar for three cell densities at 24 and 48 hrs (Figures 3(a) and 3(b)) but was clearly proportional to cell density by 72 hrs (Figure 3(c)). Lactate production was proportional to cell density at 24, 48 and 72 hours (Figures 3(d)–3(f)). In hypoxia, the same patterns were seen as for normoxia; however, both glucose uptake and lactate production were consistently higher in hypoxia than in normoxia. Glucose uptake and lactate production increased sharply over the three day-time course of the experiment, and such increase was greater in hypoxia than that in normoxia (Figure 3).
3.3. Effect of Glucose Concentration and Hypoxia on the Metabolic Activity of C2C12 Cells
Alamar Blue assay was used to investigate the metabolic activity of C2C12 cells after culture for 48 hrs under different glucose and oxygen conditions (Figures 4 and 5). In Alamar Blue assay, a nonfluorescent substrate is converted to a fluorescent product by the activity of cellular enzymes. However, when this assay is used for cells growing in culture for long periods of time (days), an effect that causes an increase in cell number cannot be distinguished from an effect that increases individual cell activity (in both cases the fluorescent output will be increased); consequently, we carried out cell counts in parallel and attempted to normalise Alamar Blue assay results to contemporaneous cell counts (rather than the initial seeding density).
Alamar Blue assay. Cellular metabolic states of C2C12 cells cultured with LG, MG, and HG media exposed at normoxic (a) and hypoxic (b) environment for 48 hours. Each bar represents the mean and standard deviation of eight replicates. Comparisons of quantitative significant differences are shown in the table (c) significance is indicated as (*), (**), (***), and nonsignificant, (ns).
Cellular metabolic state of each C2C12 cell in different cell densities ( cells/mL, cells/mL and cells/mL), and in different glucose supplement media (LG, MG and HG) culture exposed at normoxic (a) and hypoxic (b) environments for 48 hours. Comparisons of quantitative significant differences are shown in the table (c) significance is indicated as (*), (**), (***), and nonsignificant, (ns).
In normoxia, fluorescence produced in Alamar Blue assay was similar for all three densities of cells cultured in the LG condition but was proportional to cell density for cells cultured in either MH or HG condition (Figure 4(a)). Comparing cells grown at the same density but in different glucose concentrations, fluorescence tended to increase as the glucose concentration increased. Under hypoxia, the fluorescence generated by cells grown in LG condition was significantly lower than the equivalent cells in normoxia (Figure 4(c)). Cells grown in MG condition showed similar level of fluorescence in hypoxia and normoxia, whilst cells grown in HG condition showed greater level of fluorescence in hypoxia than that in normoxia (especially clear for cell density of cells in high glucose, Figures 4(a) and 4(b)). As for hypoxia condition, the greatest difference was seen between cells at a density of cells/mL where the normalized fluorescence for cells in MG condition was twofold higher than that in LG condition.
The effect of normalizing the Alamar Blue data presented in Figure 4 to contemporaneous cell counts was shown in Figure 5. In normoxia, there was a trend for the activity per cell to decrease as the glucose concentration increased, and this trend was most clear at densities of 1 and cells/mL (Figures 5(a) and 5(d)). This suggested that the overall increase in fluorescence that occurs with the increase in glucose concentration before normalisation (Figure 4(a)), is due to an increase in cell number rather than an increase in individual cell activity. Indeed there is a suggestion that increasing glucose decreases individual cell activity. On the other hand, in hypoxia, activity per cell in low glucose condition was reduced compared to normoxia, whilst activities were similar for cells in medium and high glucose. Activity per cell tended to increase as the glucose concentration increased (Figure 5(b)), which is opposite to that found in normoxia (Figure 5(a)). It was supposed that under hypoxia the increase in fluorescence as glucose increased may be due to both an increase in cell number and an increase in the activity of each cell.
The aim of this study was to understand the effect of glucose concentration and oxygen supply on oxygen depletion, glucose uptake, lactate production, and metabolic activity in C2C12 cells, a murine skeletal myoblast cell line. It was found that, firstly, the rate of oxygen depletion was dependent on the glucose concentration in the culture medium in normoxia. Secondly, glucose uptake and lactate production increased in hypoxia; thirdly, with the increase in glucose concentration, metabolic activity decreased in normoxia, but increased in hypoxia; and finally, metabolic activity was reduced by hypoxia in LG and MG conditions, but unchanged in HG condition.
Arthur et al. [25] ever investigated the effect of hypoxia (5 μM oxygen) on C2C12 cells and reported that this cell line responds to hypoxia by showing OC. However, our data did not support the occurrence of OC. Such disparity may be attributed to differences in study design between these two studies. Firstly, the time course selected in their study was 0–2 hours, whereas we examined the responses for up to 72 hours, which should be more relevant to the general culture situation. Secondly, they employed a perfusion system to better control oxygen level but, unfortunately, created a condition, that is, not close to the normal culture situation, thus leading to a 10–20% loss of cell viability even over 1-2 hours. It is quite possible that OC is an acute cell response to hypoxia, which does not persist over time. Alternatively, it is the gradual reduction (as applied by Arthur et al. [25]) not the step-change in oxygen level (employed in present study) that triggers OC. Contrary to this earlier study, our findings suggest that metabolic responses to hypoxia are greatly affected by glucose concentrations rather than oxygen availability.
Our findings demonstrated that C2C12 cells respond to long-term hypoxia by increasing glucose consumption, which indicates an increase in anaerobic respiration. OC was not observed in present study, which suggested that when there is sufficient glucose, C2C12 cells will respond to hypoxia by up-regulating anaerobic respirations, as shown by lactate production. Metabolic activity was reduced when hypoxia was encountered in MG or LG but not reduced when cells experienced hypoxia in the presence of HG, suggesting that a combination of low oxygen and low glucose damaged the viability of C2C12 cells more seriously than low oxygen alone. Although cell density was shown to affect the magnitude of measured values, in most experiments, the same trend was observed at all three cell densities, suggesting that these results are not an artifact of the particular cell density studied.
In the present study, the oxygen consumption rate of C2C12 cells in normoxia was around moles oxygen/hour/cell. This equates to an oxygen utilization rate (OUR) of 5 fmole min−1 cell−1, which was similar to those reported by Guarino et al. on a number of cell types [28]. Our results showed that oxygen consumption decreased as glucose concentration increased. There was an upregulation in oxygen consumption rate of cells cultured in LG and MG compared to cells cultured in HG. This indicated that glucose concentration plays a key role in the shift of C2C12 cell metabolic pathways. The anaerobic metabolism of C2C12 cells was detected in HG culture with evidence of lactate production. Considerable increase in lactate production was found in the culture exposed to hypoxic environment compared to normoxic environment, suggesting a compensatory increase of anaerobic metabolism in hypoxia. The C2C12 metabolic activity in LG culture exposed to hypoxic environment was found to be much lower than normoxic environment. The introduction of higher glucose concentrations (MG and HG) resulted in elevated cellular metabolic activity in hypoxic cultures, implicating glucose as the energy source for this activity.
There are some limitations to our study. Firstly, as mentioned in the Result Section, due to technical problem, oxygen consumption rates during hypoxia could not be measured using the oxygen biosensor plate as we did for normoxia. Secondly, Alamar Blue data were normalized to contemporaneous cell counts in order to eliminate the chance of confusing an alteration in cell number with an alteration in cell metabolism. However, the data after normalization (Figure 5) showed less consistency than that before normalization (Figure 4). This was most likely due to difficulties in detaching and counting cells in the small wells of the 96-well plate, which may be resolved using other counting strategies in the future.
In this study, the aerobic and anaerobic respirations in C2C12 murine skeletal myoblasts were investigated by measuring oxygen consumption, glucose consumption, lactate production, and metabolic activity in different glucose concentrations, under conditions of normoxia and hypoxia. Our findings suggest that a combination of low oxygen and low glucose damages the viability of C2C12 cells more seriously than low oxygen alone. In addition, when there is sufficient glucose C2C12 cells will respond to hypoxia by upregulating anaerobic respiration, as shown by lactate production.
OC:  Oxygen conformance
ATP:  Adenosine-5′-triphosphate
atm:  Atmosphere
LG:  Low-glucose
MG:  Medium glucose
HG:  High glucose
OUR:  Oxygen utilization rate
EM:  Experiment media.
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests of any kind in this research.
Wei Li was responsible for the study design. Wei Li and Zhen-Fu Hu conducted the experiments. Bin Chen performed the statistical analysis. Guo-Xin Ni prepared the paper. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Wei Li and Zhen-Fu Hu contributed equally in this work.
This project was partially supported by Guangdong Province Natural Science Fund (9151051501000075), Guangdong Province Natural Science Fund (S2011020003140), and special funding for university talent introduction of Guangdong Province (Guo-Xin Ni).
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Copyright © 2013 Wei Li et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


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France's Sigfox raises $160 million to expand its IoT network to 60 countries | Venture Beat
·November 23, 2016
French IoT startup Sigfox announced today that it has raised $160 million as it continues to build out its communication network for connected objects.
India's Massive Reliance Industries Holding Just Said It Would Build Apps On GE's Predix – GE Reports
Reliance Industries, India's country's second-largest publicly traded company, said today it will start using Predix, GE's cloud-based operating system for the Industrial Internet to optimize its operations and write applications for customers. Reliance said that it would partner with GE to develop Predix apps for the oil and gas, fertilizer, power, healthcare, telecom and other industries …
GE Takes Predix From The Cloud To The Edge – GE Reports
It's been a year since GE opened Predix, its operating system for the Industrial Internet, to outside companies. Since then, it has enabled engineers to write apps, harvest data from trains, planes, power plants and other technology and send that data to the cloud for analysis. For example, Schindler Group, one of the world's biggest …
Five tech trends reshaping manufacturing – The Manufacturer | The Manufacturer
Manufacturing is entering a digital revolution that will fundamentally shift the way that businesses in the sector operate....
What's Cooking? How Bit Stew, GE's Latest Digital Acquisition, Spices Up The Industrial Internet Of Things – GE Reports
Thomas Edison famously said, "I have not failed. I've just found 10,000 ways that won't work." Kevin Collins can relate. By fanning the embers of a promising idea for years, he built his powerful machine learning company called Bit Stew. Now GE, the company Edison founded, just acquired it for an undisclosed sum. GE made …
Service Economy 2.0: Big GE Digital Acquisition Uses Cloud Analytics To Keep Machines In Shape – GE Reports
GE Digital's latest acquisition is going to make life easier for the people who fix the jet engines, power plants, medical scanners and other technology that we rely on every day. Pleasanton, California-based ServiceMax makes cloud-based applications for field service management to help customers better optimize their assets. Essentially, this means giving technicians in the …
IIoT and the Smart Grid Connection | Automation World
As different as the energy industry is from the manufacturing and processing industries, there are increasing connection points between the two when it comes to Internet of Things technology deployments and the benefits that can be derived from them.....
Back To The Future: This GE Software Engineer Used Code To Bring New Muscle To His Ford Mustang – GE Reports
A car enthusiast in Germany has taken tinkering to the next level. Hanns Proenen, the chief information security officer for GE in Europe, has hacked his Mustang using Predix, GE's cloud-based platform for the Industrial Internet. He says his classic car is now a data-gathering machine that could rival an electric car.....
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Industry observers look into their crystal ball to foresee what is in store for the Internet of Things next year.....
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Watch Pakistan vs Bangladesh – PAK vs BAN Live Streaming World T20 2014 Match live on INCPAK.
Pakistan takes on Bangladesh in the Group 2 match of super 10 stages of ICC World T20 2014 that is to be played today 30 March 2014 at Mirpur.
Bangladesh's combination is in disarray as they have been experimenting since the Hong Kong debacle. They have tried all their resources in the tournament and there's a strong chance there will be more reshuffling in the batting line-up. Shakib Al Hasan and Mushfiqur Rahim are likely to bat at 3 and 4 respectively, which could open up a spot for Sabbir Rahman once more. Sohag Gazi could also make way for Abdur Razzak.
Pakistan could stick to the XI that won them the game against Australia, though they might be tempted to pick Sohail Tanvir in place of Bilawal Bhatti, who was taken for 36 runs in his two overs against Australia.
Shakib Al Hasan, once again, is the man Bangladesh will expect to create a difference with both ball and bat. He's had two successive low scores with the bat, and will want to correct that, particularly against a tricky Pakistan attack.
Ahmed Shehzad has had a quiet tournament so far. His dismissals against India and Australia weren't a true reflection of the young aggressive batsman known for his powerful hitting. He has thrived in these conditions in the past, as recently as Asia Cup which ended earlier this month, and was the top run-getter in the Bangladesh Premier League in 2012 with 486 runs. He needs to find that form again, or Pakistan will be tempted to turn to their back-up opener, the left-hander Sharjeel Khan.


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Former Apprentice star and a winner of Irish MasterChef set to open new coffee shop and bar Crosby
Posted by Damian Leonard	Sep 4, 2018 11:50:20 AM
A FORMER star of the Apprentice and an Irish MasterChef winner are launching a new coffee shop and cocktail bar in Crosby village, following St. Modwen's multi-million pound investment in the village centre.
Crosby-born Kurt Wilson, who appeared on The Apprentice in 2014, and Harry Marquart, who won Head Chef in 2011, will be opening their latest venture Frankie's in the summer.
When the local businessmen heard of St. Modwen's investment in Crosby they said they had to get involved.
Frankie's will open in the newly refurbished Glenn Buildings South and has signed a new 10-year lease with St. Modwen. The venue will serve bagels, sandwiches and light bites and will have an extensive cocktail menu.
The highly experienced team behind Frankie's own Japanese sushi bar Izakaya in Liverpool and also includes Jack Doran, the former manager of The Alchemist in Liverpool. Named in memory of Jack's father, Frankie's will operate as a coffee shop in the day before shifting to a cocktail bar in the evening.
Harry, who also lives in Crosby, previously worked at Michelin starred restaurants Pollen Street Social in London and the Chester Grosvenor. He has also worked at the high-end London Carriage Works restaurant in Liverpool.
Kurt said: "We're really excited to be opening Frankie's in Crosby and we're positive it will be a huge success. I'm Crosby born and bred, and when I heard about the regeneration plans for the area I had to get involved.
"Crosby is a great place with a beautiful beach that attracts people to the area, but it has been lacking in decent restaurants and bars for some time. It's great to see this is now changing."
St. Modwen got underway with the redevelopment of the Glenn Buildings and construction of 10 Moor Lane in June 2017 after acquiring the site and securing planning approval from Sefton Council for its plans to develop the 24,775 sq ft of retail, leisure and office space.
Alastair Budd, Director of Asset Management – North for St. Modwen, said: "Frankie's will be an excellent addition to Crosby Village and we are pleased to be providing quality premises for another independent, local business.
"We have made a significant investment into the village and the fact that another business has chosen Crosby for their first site outside of the city centre is testament to the improvements that are being made."
This deal follows the news that long standing local business The Blues Bar has expanded its premises and signed a new lease confirming its commitment to Crosby, Costa Coffee has renewed its lease and Peacocks is opening a new fashion store in the new buildings.
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Allan R. Omen
September 29, 1948 - July 4, 2021
Allan R. Omen, age 72 of Zanesville, died 7:10 AM, Sunday, July 4, 2021, at Willow Haven Care Center in Zanesville. He was born Wednesday, September 29, 1948, in Zanesville, the son of the late Raymond Omen and June Omen. Allan served in the United States Army during the Vietnam War. He was employed by Pepsi Cola Bottling Company for over 20 years, and following by the city of Zanesville for over 20 years. He was an Ohio State Fan and enjoyed riding his Harley Davidson Motorcycle and enjoyed listening to classic oldies music. He is survived by two daughters: Tacie (Richard) Thorne and Tisha (Anthony Wilson) Dumolt and one son: Todd Omen all of Zanesville; six grandchildren: Austin Omen, Jace Wilson, Eleanor, Mary, Henry and Harry Thorne; the mother of his children: Nancy Omen of Zanesville. In addition to his parents, he was preceded in death by an infant sister. Friends may call from 10:00 AM to 12:00 Noon, Friday, July 9, 2021, at the Hillis, Combs & Nestor Funeral Home, 935 Forest Avenue, Zanesville, where a funeral service will be held 12-Noon. Burial will conclude in the Woodlawn Cemetery Veterans Garden, where the US Army will conduct full military honors. To sign the online register book or to send a personal condolence note please visit www.hilliscombsnestor.com.
Allan R. Omen, age 72 of Zanesville, died 7:10 AM, Sunday, July 4, 2021, at Willow Haven Care Center in Zanesville. He was born Wednesday, September 29, 1948, in Zanesville, the son of the late Raymond Omen and June Omen. Allan served in the... View Obituary & Service Information
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Music Director Marios Papadopoulos MBE
Marios Papadopoulos is the Founder and Music Director of the Oxford Philharmonic Orchestra, the Orchestra in Residence at the University of Oxford.
All the attributes of one of the world's greatest players The Times
Described by The Times at his 1975 piano recital debut as 'having all the attributes of one of the world's greatest players', Papadopoulos has gone on to enjoy an international career both as pianist and conductor. He has appeared as soloist with and conducted many of the world's great orchestras, and worked with a host of eminent musicians including Vladimir Ashkenazy, Anne-Sophie Mutter, Menahem Pressler, Maxim Vengerov, Renée Fleming, Martha Argerich and Lang Lang. His recordings of the Beethoven sonatas have been set on a level with Schnabel, Brendel, Barenboim, and Wilhelm Kempff (Daily Telegraph, Classic FM Magazine Critics' Choice).
Papadopoulos has conducted the complete cycle of Beethoven symphonies and directed from the keyboard the five piano concertos in the Oxford Philharmonic's 2008 Beethoven Festival, a feat he repeated again to celebrate the Orchestra's 15th anniversary in the 2013-14 concert season. As part of the worldwide celebrations for Mozart's 250th anniversary year, he directed from the keyboard the composer's complete cycle of piano concertos with the Oxford Philharmonic Orchestra. The Oxford Philharmonic's 2018-19 season sees Papadopoulos direct Stravinsky's Concerto for Piano and Winds from the keyboard, as well as Mozart piano concertos in Cheltenham and Oxford.
Guest conducting and soloist appearances included a 2015 UK tour with the London Philharmonic Orchestra and Alison Balsom, Philharmonia Orchestra & Chorus, European Union Chamber Orchestra, and the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. In March 2018 Papadopoulos appeared with the Guangzhou Symphony Orchestra at the prestigious Xinghai Concert Hall in China, where he directed a Mozart Piano Concerto Cycle from the keyboard over the course of three weeks. The 2018-19 season sees him conduct a new production of The Marriage of Figaro at the Greek National Opera's newly created opera house in Athens.
A prolific recording artist, Papadopoulos's catalogue includes his critically acclaimed Beethoven sonatas, performances of Stravinsky's Concerto for Piano and Wind with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra (Hyperion), works by Mozart, Mussorgsky, César Franck and the twenty-four Preludes and Fugues by Shostakovich. Most recordings are now available on the Oxford Philharmonic Orchestra record label. He conducts the Oxford Philharmonic in new recordings of the Brahms and Sibelius violin concertos with Maxim Vengerov as soloist. As a pianist, he and Maxim Vengerov have recorded the complete Brahms violin sonatas and performed these in a recital at Vienna's Musikverein in September 2016.
Papadopoulos is dedicated to nurturing young talent and through his vast experience is able to impart knowledge to young artists, particularly during the prestigious Oxford Piano Festival, which he founded in 1999. In 2015, he served on the jury of the Leeds International Piano Competition and, in 2016, the Wieniawski Violin Competition.
Marios Papadopoulos holds a doctorate in music from City University and is both a member of the Oxford University Faculty of Music and Fellow by Special Election of Keble College Oxford. He became an Honorary Fellow of the Worshipful Company of Musicians in 2010 and was awarded Oxford City's Certificate of Honour in 2013. Papadopoulos was awarded an MBE in the Queen's 2014 New Year's Honours List for services to music in Oxford.
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Tha cuid mhòr mac-na-braiche aosta ann an Tè Bheag, a tha a thoirt gu ìre ann am baraillean seiridh, mar dhrama fìor-Ghàidhealach nan eòlaichean uisge-beatha.
Thathar a' cumail ri dualchas tarraing an uisge-beatha agus a' cur pròiseas fuarachaidh is sìolachaidh an dàrna taobh airson cridhe an uisge-beatha a ghleidheadh, a tha a' fàgail caractair nas buige, nas iomlaine agus nas beairtiche air am bi eòlaichean uisge-beatha a' dèanamh mòr-mholaidh.
'S e 'Tè Bheag' a theirear san Eilean nuair a thathar ag iarradh drama beag uisge-beatha.
Boladh: Ùr le blas siotrais, beairteas agus blasad beag na mòna agus sanas de ghràn.
Blas: Trom, caran uachdarach, le steall siùcar dubh agus beairteas tofaidh agus blas aotrom na mòna.
Deireadh: Deagh fhaid le blas bog beairteach.


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Harnaaz Sandhu
December 21, 2021 in Uncategorized - 1 Minute
Harnaaz Sandhu was crowned Miss Universe 2021 on March 3, 2000. She is an Indian model and beauty pageant winner. Sandhu is the third Indian woman to win Miss Universe, having previously won Miss Diva Universe 2021.
Sandhu was born to parents Pritampal Singh Sandhu and Rabinder Kaur Sandhu in the village of Kohali in the Gurdaspur district of Punjab, close to the city of Batala. Her mother is a gynaecologist, while her father is a realtor. Harnoor, her older brother, is also a member of the family. Sandhu grew up in a Sikh family called the Jats.
The family relocated to England in 2006, only to return to India two years later and settle in Chandigarh, where Sandhu grew up. In Chandigarh, she went to Shivalik Public School and the Post Graduate Government College for Girls. Sandhu was working on a master's degree in public administration before she was crowned Miss Universe. Aside from her mother tongue, Punjabi, Sandhu is fluent in Hindi and English.
Pageantry
Sandhu started competing in pageants while she was a teenager; gaining titles including Miss Chandigarh 2017 and Miss Max Emerging Star India 2018. Sandhu initially kept her participation in pageants a secret from her father, informing him only after she had won; despite this, he was supportive of her intention to pursue it.
Sandhu competed in Femina Miss India Punjab 2019 after winning; the title and finished in the Top 12 of the competition.
Sandhu was named one of the Top 50 semifinalists in the Miss Diva 2021 competition on August 16, 2021. She was later announced as one of the Top 20 finalists in the televised Miss Diva competition on August 23rd. Sandhu was a finalist for Miss Beach Body, Miss Beautiful Smile, Miss Photogenic, and Miss Talented during the preliminary competition on September 22nd.
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