text:
Search For: tunic
4775. And he knew it. That this signifies that indeed it was, and that and said, It is my son's tunic signifies that it was the truth of the church, is evident from the signification of a "tunic," as being the truth of the church (n. 4677). But as it was defiled, it was indeed known that it was [the truth of the church] but not truth like that of the Ancient and the Primitive Church; hen...
5828. And I said, Surely, tearing he is torn in pieces. That this signifies perception that it has perished by evils and falsities, is evident from the signification of "saying," as being perception (of which frequently above); and from the signification of "being torn in pieces," as being to perish by evils and falsities (that is, the internal good which is represented by Jose...
9670. And thou shalt make a veil. That this signifies the intermediate which unites this heaven and the inmost heaven, thus spiritual good with celestial good, is evident from the signification of the "veil," which made a division between the Habitation where was the ark of the Testimony, and the place where were the lampstand and the table on which were the breads of faces, as being the...
9803. From this it is evident that to be intelligent and wise does not consist in understanding and being wise about many things of the world; but in understanding and willing the things of heaven. For there are those who understand and are wise about many things of the world, and yet do not believe or will the things of heaven; thus are insane. These are they of whom the Lord says: I s...
9816. Verses 3, 4. And thou shalt speak unto all the wise in heart, whom I have filled with the spirit of wisdom, and they shall make Aaron's garments to sanctify him, that he may minister to Me in the priest's office. And these are the garments which they shall make; a breastplate, and an ephod, and a robe, and a tunic of checker work, a miter, and a belt; and they shall make garments of holiness...
9825. And a robe. That this signifies Divine truth there in the internal form, is evident from the signification of "the robe," as being the middle of the spiritual kingdom, thus the truth itself which is there; for by Aaron's garments was represented the Lord's spiritual kingdom (n. 9814), thus the truths which are there, in their order (see n. 9822); and as this kingdom has been distin...
9941. Verses 39, 40. And thou shalt checker the tunic of fine linen, and thou shalt make a miter of fine linen, and a belt thou shalt make with the work of the embroiderer. And for Aaron's sons thou shalt make tunics, and thou shalt make for them belts; and tiaras shalt thou make for them, for glory and for comeliness. "And thou shalt checker the tunic of fine linen," signifies the inmos...
9944. And a belt. That this signifies a bond, and separation from the external things of this kingdom, is evident from the signification of "a belt," as being the external bond that holds together all things of love and faith in their connection and form, so that they look to one end (see n. 9341, 9828, 9837). That it also signifies separation from the external things, is because in this...
9947. Thou shalt make tunics. That this signifies the things which are of faith there, is evident from the signification of a "tunic," when said of Aaron, as being Divine truth inmostly in the spiritual kingdom, thus that which proceeds immediately from the celestial (see n. 9826, 9942); but when it is said of Aaron's sons, the "tunic" denotes that which is of faith, for it den...
9999. Verses 4-9. And Aaron and his sons thou shalt bring near unto the door of the Tent of meeting, and shalt wash them with waters. And thou shalt take the garments, and shalt clothe Aaron with the tunic, and the robe of the ephod, and the ephod, and the breastplate, and gird him with the girdle of the ephod. And thou shalt set the miter upon his head, and put the crown of holiness upon the mite...
10004. With the tunic. That this signifies the inmost of this kingdom, is evident from the signification of "the tunic with which Aaron was clothed," as being the Divine spiritual that proceeds immediately from the Divine celestial, thus the inmost of the spiritual kingdom (see n. 9826, 9942). ...
Wisdom's Delight in Marriage Love: Followed by Insanity's Pleasure in Promiscuous Love 75
75. The First Memorable Relation: Once when meditating on conjugial love, my mind was seized with a desire to know what that love had been with those who lived in the Golden Age, and what it had been later with those who lived in the Ages that followed and which are named from silver, copper, and iron; and, knowing that all who had lived well in those Ages are in the heavens, I prayed t...
http://www.smallcanonsearch.com/read.php?book=ml&section=75
3704. And the God of Isaac. That this signifies the Lord as to the Divine Human, is evident from the representation of Isaac, as being the Lord's Divine rational; and as the rational is that in which the human begins (see n. 2194), and thus from which and by which the human is; therefore here by the "God of Isaac" is signified the Divine Human of the Lord. As in heaven, and with man, and...
4770. And dipped the tunic in the blood. That this signifies that they defiled it with falsities from evils, is evident from the signification of "dipping in blood," as being to defile with falsities; for "blood" in the opposite sense is truth falsified (n. 4735). As it was the blood of the he-goat, by which are signified external truths from delights, such as those have who ar...
4772. And they brought it to their father. That this signifies comparison with the goods and truths of the Ancient and the Primitive Church, is evident from the representation of Jacob, who here is the "father," as being the Ancient Church (n. 4680, 4700), and also the Primitive Church, that is, the Christian Church in its beginning, of which hereafter. To bring such a tunic to this chur...
4875. And thy kerchief. That this signifies by means of truth, namely, a token of consent, is evident from the signification of a "kerchief," as being truth. That a "kerchief" denotes truth, is because it is among those things which relate to garments, and by garments are in general signified truths; for as garments clothe the flesh, so truths clothe good (see n. 297, 2132, 257...
5319. And clothed him in garments of fine linen. That this signifies an external significative of the celestial of the spiritual, and that "garments of fine linen" denote truths from the Divine, is manifest from the signification of "garments" as being truths (see n. 1073, 2576, 4545, 4763, 5248). That "garments of fine linen" are truths from the Divine, is because a...
9822. And these are the garments which they shall make. That this signifies Divine truths in the spiritual kingdom in their order, is evident from the signification of "Aaron's garments," as being the spiritual kingdom joined to the celestial kingdom (see above, n. 9814). That these garments denote Divine truths in this kingdom, is because "garments" signify truths (n. 5954, 92...
9824. And an ephod. That this signifies Divine truth in this kingdom in the external form in which interior things cease, is evident from the signification of "the ephod," as being Divine truth in an external form. The reason why this is signified by "the ephod" is that by Aaron's garments of holiness were represented Divine truths in the spiritual kingdom in their order (see a...
9919. Of blue, and of crimson, and of scarlet double-dyed. That this signifies from the good of charity and of faith, is evident from the signification of these things in n. 9687, 9833. The reason why fine linen was not interwoven, as in the ephod, is that the tunic, which was the inmost garment, was of fine linen; and this for the reason that "fine linen" signifies truth from a celestia...


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Q: changing a programmatically made UIButton to UILabel within certain textFields or stackViews? Beginner Swift programmer here and new to stack overflow.
I am trying to make a simple task list/toDoPlanner, kinda similar to Apple's reminders app on the iPhone.
My goal is for this specific problem is that when a user clicks on the UIButton within a certain textField (which is within a stackView), that UIButton should change to a UILabel.
Here is how I make a button appear after a user finishes typing a task. This works fine:
func textFieldShouldReturn(_ textField: UITextField) -> Bool {
    self.view.endEditing(true)
    if(textField == textField1) // if the first text field is pressed
    {
        let image = UIImage(named: "To Be Completed Circle.png")
        button = UIButton(frame: CGRect(x: 340, y: 56, width: 30, height: 30));
        button.setBackgroundImage(image, for: UIControlState.normal)
        self.view.addSubview(button)
        button.addTarget(self, action:#selector(self.pressed), for: .touchUpInside)

    }
...

And then here is how I am trying to change the UIButton when the user clicks it to change that button into a UILabel:
func pressed(textField: UITextField!) {

    let image = UIImage(named: "Checkmark.png")
    if(textField == textField1)
    {
        button.removeFromSuperview()
        let label = UILabel(frame: CGRect(x : 340, y :56, width: 30, height: 30))
        label.backgroundColor = UIColor(patternImage: image!)
        self.view.addSubview(label)
    }

The whole if block isn't being read, and I am not too sure why. I am assuming it has to do with separate properties of the UIButton and the UITextField.
Any help is appreciated and any other tips for programming in iOS is helpful!
Let me know if you need more details.

A: Your textField is not associated with the button, even though you are creating it with the textFieldShouldReturn function. So your target (self.pressed) does not receive any textField parameter, and will be nil. Thus, your textField == textField1 will never be true.
If you're implementing a task list, an easier way would be to add each new task to a tableView. Then you would be able to associate a button and label (For the task name) with a section & row.
It would also be much easier to change the image of the button instead of removing it and creating a UILabel in it's place.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Telecommunications/Technology
Dish Network interested in partnering with T-Mobile, if AT&T deal falls through
December 13, 20110750
As AT&T's proposed acquisition of rival T-Mobile USA virtually unraveled Monday after a federal judge granted a request to delay the U.S. Department of Justice's antitrust case, an unlikely third party announced its interest in partnering with the latter carrier if the deal ultimately falls through, Bloomberg reported.
On Monday, New York-based Dish Network Corp. CEO Joseph Clayton said his company — which has picked up quite a bit of spectrum assets through the acquisitions of DBSD North America Inc. and Terrestar Networks Inc. — would be interested in merging its network with T-Mobile or another wireless carrier to create a strong competitor to take AT&T and Verizon head-on.
The issue of a lack of spectrum has been top-of-mind for both AT&T and T-Mobile, as customers consume higher amounts of data as smartphones take over the wireless market.
Clayton also suggested the possibility of partnering with Sprint Nextel Corp or Clearwater Corp., if T-Mobile were not an option, Bloomberg said. Ultimately, any transaction involving wireless carriers would have to go through the Federal Communications Commission, which strongly opposed the AT&T/T-Mobile merger.
Dish has also opposed the merger, saying it would hurt competition.
"We're not interested in making money on selling our spectrum," said Clayton in the interview Bloomberg cited. "We want to use it to create a national wireless network, video, voice and data. We've got expertise in satellite-TV, and we will in satellite broadband. The voice part, we'll need some help with."
Another avenue Dish could take would be to pick up assets from either AT&T or T-Mobile, if they were required to divest spectrum to be able to move forward with the deal that is now stalled in a Washington, D.C.-based court.
"We feel if the AT&T-T-Mobile deal goes through, we win," Bloomberg cited Clayton as saying. "If it doesn't go through, we still win."
While AT&T Spokesman Brad Burns declined to comment, Andrea Fuschs, a spokeswoman for Deutsche Telecom, T-Mobile USA's parent, said nothing related to Dish Network is on the table.
"Deutsche Telekom is pursuing the AT&T deal," he told Bloomberg. "There is no plan B."
His statements preceded what took place in court Monday, when AT&T and the DOJ agreed to put a hold on the antitrust hearing slated to take place in February, a move industry experts are seeing as the end of the road for the merger. AT&T has until Jan. 12 to submit a report telling the court and the agency what its plans are for the deal.
Related tags : AT&TDish NetworkmergerT-Mobile
Exotericapr.com joins e-commerce sector in time for holidays
Pepin's, Lupi's, Waterfront restaurants up for sale
Hey Buddy!, I found this information for you: "Dish Network interested in partnering with T-Mobile, if AT&T deal falls through". Here is the website link: https://newsismybusiness.com/dish-network-interested-in-partnering-with-t-mobile-if-att-deal-falls-through/. Thank you.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The life and death of Eleanor Rigby, in the bleak Beatles song, reminds us that loneliness kills. Recent studies conclude loneliness and social isolation are the next big public health issue, on par with obesity, domestic violence and substance abuse.
At some stage of our lives, loneliness affects almost all of us. For many, it is a core factor in mental and physical health problems, and economic disadvantage. A 2012 study showed that in 2001-09, almost one in three Australians experienced loneliness. The study concluded loneliness is an increasing trend and emerging factors, from social media use to single person dwellings, feed this trend.
The jobs of yesterday no longer exist and the jobs of tomorrow haven't been invented yet. Over the next 5 to 10 years it is estimated that up to 40% of companies on the S & P will be disrupted by rapidly advancing technologies and the entrepreneurs adapting quickly to this new environment. And according to considerable research more than 50% of current Australian middle class jobs will no longer exist over the next decade due to robots, artificial intelligence and other new technologies. And some jobs will continue to exist but will be performed by those in cheaper labour markets overseas.
Singing, the best drug of all!
It's hard to miss her. Not just because her crutches have slipped to the floor, and in truth without them you can't actually tell that she's living with her cerebral palsy. She's not the best, or the loudest member of the choir.
The only constant in this world is change.
That's what one of world's outstanding leaders and executive Chairman of the X PRIZE Foundation, Dr Peter Diamandis and world-leading experts and futurists reminded Creative Innovation 2015 Asia Pacific From Disruption to Sustainable Growth.
Sometimes it feels like the queue of emails, piles of papers and 'to do' lists and all the rest of your life is just too overwhelming. Who has time for creativity or innovation? It'll just mean more work and more pressure. Yet creativity is probably just what you need. A chance for that unique, creative voice to shine, to re-energise, reinvent and re-imagine. To think about and create a new future.
Once-powerful industries retailing, print and TV media, music publishing, the post, insurance, even governments to name a few, are in a state of upheaval and strategic uncertainty as they grapple with swarms of nimble, low-cost digital disruptors stealing chunks of their business or rendering them increasingly irrelevant. It's not surprising that many are predicting that 2015 will be the year of disruption.
Accolades flood in for Aussie singing social entrepreneur!


text:
\section{Introduction}
\textit{Introduction.}---%
The infrared sector of QCD is characterized by two non-perturbative phenomena: confinement and spontaneous breaking
of chiral symmetry. For $N_f$ massless quark flavours the QCD Lagrangian is invariant under separate global flavour rotations of the left-
and right-handed quarks
\begin{equation}
\label{1}
U_L (N_f) \times U_R (N_f) = U_V (N_f) \times U_A (N_f) \hspace{0.1cm} .
\end{equation}
The vector $(V)$ and axial-vector $(A)$ groups rotate left- and right-handed quarks in the, respectively, same and
opposite way. In the
quantum theory, $U_A (N_f)$ is spontaneously broken by quark condensation $\langle \bar{q} q \rangle \neq 0$
resulting in the generation of a constituent quark mass and the occurence of $N^2_f$ Goldstone bosons. The latter
can be identified with the (light) pseudoscalar mesons. Chiral symmetry is a good starting point for the $N_f = 3$ light quark flavours $u, d, s$.
The finite (current) quark masses explicitly break
the axial group $U_A (N_f)$ and induce finite masses for the pseudoscalar mesons.

Originally the dynamical breaking of chiral symmetry was studied within QCD-inspired models
which share with QCD the property of chiral symmetry, e.g., the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model \cite{Nambu:1961tp, Ebert:1985kz, Ebert:1994mf, Klevansky:1992qe}
(which, however, is not
confining), or models with a confining two-body interaction \cite{Finger:1981gm, Le Yaouanc:1983iy, Adler:1984ri}. In recent
years there have been also attempts to study chiral symmetry breaking in continuum QCD either by means
of Dyson-Schwinger equations \cite{Aguilar:2010cn,Fischer:2006ub} or by the renormalization group flow equations \cite{Gies:2001nw}.
In this letter we study the
spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry within a variational approach, which is the extension to full QCD of the Hamiltonian approach to Yang-Mills theory in Coulomb gauge
developed in recent years \cite{Feuchter:2004mk, Reinhardt:2004mm, Epple:2006hv, Reinhardt:2007wh}.

Variational calculations in Coulomb gauge Yang-Mills theory were started in
Ref.~\cite{Schutte:1985sd} and later on taken up in Ref.~\cite{Szczepaniak:2001rg}.
Our approach  \cite{Feuchter:2004mk, Reinhardt:2004mm, Epple:2006hv, Reinhardt:2007wh} differs from that of Refs.~\cite{Schutte:1985sd, Szczepaniak:2001rg}
in the
ansatz for the vacuum wave functionals and, more importantly, in the full inclusion of the Faddeev-Popov determinant
and in the renormalization, for more details see Ref.~\cite{Greensite:2011pj}. Our
 approach has given a quite satisfactory description of the essential infrared
properties of Yang-Mills theory: a linearly rising static quark potential \cite{Epple:2006hv}, a gluon propagator in accord with Gribov's
formula and with lattice data \cite{Burgio:2008jr}, a perimeter law in the 't Hooft loop \cite{Reinhardt:2007wh} and a dielectric function of the Yang-Mills
vacuum \cite{Reinhardt:2008ek} embodying the phenomenological picture of the bag model. Similar infrared properties were also obtained
recently in a renormalization group flow equation approach to Hamiltonian Yang-Mills theory in Coulomb
gauge \cite{Leder:2010ji}.

In the present letter we extend the variational approach in Coulomb gauge to full QCD.
We use an ansatz for the vacuum wave functional of the quark sector which goes beyond the BCS-type
wave functional used e.g. in  Refs.~\cite{Finger:1981gm, Adler:1984ri} and includes the coupling of the quarks to the transversal spatial gluons \cite{footnote}. We will
show that, using either the lattice results or the results of our variational approach for the gluon sector, this
coupling changes the chiral properties of the quarks, like the quark condensate and constitutent mass, by 20\,--\,60\% and brings these
quantities in the region of their phenomenological values.

\textit{Hamiltonian approach to QCD in Coulomb gauge.}--
The part of the QCD Hamiltonian in Coulomb gauge which contains the quark fields $\psi (\vec{x})$, is given by \cite{Christ:1980ku}
\begin{align}
\label{Hamiltonian}
H = H_\textsc{d} + H_\textsc{qgc} + H_\textsc{c} \, ,
\end{align}
with
\begin{align}
H_\textsc{d} = {} - i &\int d^3 x \, \psi^\dagger (\vec{x}) \left[ \vec{\alpha} \cdot \boldsymbol{\partial} + \beta m_0 \right] \psi (\vec{x}) \hspace{0.1cm} ,  \\
\label{QGC}
H_\textsc{qgc}= {} - g &\int d^3 x \, \psi^\dagger (\vec{x}) \boldsymbol{\alpha} \cdot \vec{A}(\vec{x})  \psi (\vec{x}) \hspace{0.1cm} , \\
H_\textsc{c} = {} \frac{g^2}{2} &\int d^3 x d^3 y \rho^a (\boldsymbol{x}) \hat{F}^{ab} (\boldsymbol{x}, \boldsymbol{y}) \rho^b (\boldsymbol{y}) \nonumber \\
+ \frac{g^2}{2} &\int d^3 x d^3 y \mathcal{J}^{-1} \rho^a_{\mathrm{dyn}}(\boldsymbol{x}) \mathcal{J} \hat{F}^{ab}(\boldsymbol{x}, \boldsymbol{y}) \rho^b(\boldsymbol{y}) \nonumber \\
\label{HC}
+\frac{g^2}{2} &\int d^3 x d^3 y \rho^a(\vec{x}) \hat{F}^{ab} (\boldsymbol{x}, \boldsymbol{y}) \rho_{\mathrm{dyn}}^b(\boldsymbol{y}) \hspace{0.1cm} .
\end{align}
Here $\vec{\alpha}$ and $\beta$ are the usual Dirac matrices, $m_0$ denotes the current quark mass, and
$\boldsymbol{A} (\vec{x}) = \vec{A}^a (\vec{x}) T^a$ is the transversal spatial gauge field in the fundamental representation $T^a$ of the gauge group.
Furthermore,
\begin{align}
\label{3}
\rho^a (\vec{x}) &= \psi^\dagger (\vec{x}) T^a \psi (\vec{x}) \\
\rho_{\mathrm{dyn}}^a (\vec{x}) &= f^{abc} A^b_i (\vec{x}) \Pi^c_i (\vec{x})
\end{align}
are the quark and gluon color charge densities, respectively, with $f^{abc}$ being the structure constants of the gauge group and $\Pi^a_k (\vec{x}) = \delta / i \delta A^a_k (\vec{x})$
being the canonical momentum operator of the gauge field.
Finally, $\mathcal{J}(A)= \mbox{Det}(- \hat{D} \partial)$ is the Fadeev-Popov determinant and
\begin{equation}
\label{4}
\hat{F}^{ab} (\vec{x}, \vec{y}) = \langle \vec{x} \rvert \bigl[ (- \hat{D} \partial )^{- 1} \left(- \partial^2 \right) (- \hat{D} \partial )^{- 1} \bigr]^{ab} \rvert \vec{y} \rangle
\end{equation}
is the so-called Coulomb kernel where $\hat{D}^{ab}_k = \delta^{ab} \partial_k + g f^{acb} A^c_k$
is the covariant derivative in the adjoint representation.\\
\noindent The Coulomb term $H_{\textsc{c}}$, Eq.~(\ref{HC}), arises from the resolution of Gauss's law, so that
gauge invariance is fully taken into account. The Yang-Mills vacuum expectation value of the Coulomb kernel
\begin{equation}
\label{5}
\langle \hat{F}^{ab} (\vec{x}, \vec{y}) \rangle_{\textsc{ym}} = \delta^{ab} F (\vec{x}, \vec{y})
\end{equation}
defines the static non-Abelian color Coulomb potential $F (\vec{x}, \vec{y})$. Lattice measurements show that this quantity rises linearly
at large distances, however, with a coefficient $\sigma_\textsc{c}$ (referred to as Coulomb string tension)
which is about two to three times the value of the Wilsonian string tension $\sigma_\textsc{w}$
\cite{Greensite:2004ke, Langfeld:2004qs,Voigt:2008rr,Nakagawa:2011ar}. In momentum space
\begin{align}
\label{6}
g^2  F (k) \rightarrow \frac{8 \pi \sigma_\textsc{c}}{k^4} \; , \qquad k \rightarrow 0 \;  .
\end{align}
Due to asymptotic
freedom at small distances the static non-Abelian color Coulomb potential  $F (\vec{x}, \vec{y})$ behaves essentially like an
ordinary Coulomb potential (up to anomalous dimensions).

\textit{Variational approach to the quark sector of QCD.}---%
We assume the QCD vacuum wave functional to be of the form $|\Phi \rangle  = |\phi\rangle \otimes |\textsc{YM}\rangle$
with a Gaussian type-of wave functional for the Yang-Mills sector \cite{Feuchter:2004mk, Reinhardt:2004mm}
\begin{align}
\label{YM-wave-functional}
 \langle A | \textsc{YM} \rangle = \mathcal{J}^{-\frac{1}{2}}(A) \exp \left(-\frac{1}{2} \int A^a_i (\vec{x}) \omega (\vec{x}, \vec{y}) A^a_i (\vec{y}) \right) .
\end{align}
For the quark sector we use the following trial ansatz
\begin{equation}
\label{7}
\Big| \phi \Big\rangle = {{\cal N}} \exp \left( - \int \psi^{\dagger}_{+} (\vec{x}) K (\vec{x}, \vec{y}) \psi_- (\vec{y}) \right) \Big| 0 \Big\rangle \, ,
\end{equation}
where $\psi_\pm (\vec{x})$ are the positive (negative) energy components of the quark field $\psi (\vec{x})$ and
$| 0 \rangle$ is the vacuum wave functional of the free quarks defined by
\begin{equation}
\label{8}
\psi_+ (\vec{x}) | 0 \rangle = 0 = \psi^{\dagger}_{-}(\boldsymbol{x}) | 0 \rangle \, .
\end{equation}
With arbitrary kernel $K$ the state $| \phi \rangle$ is the most general Slater determinant which is
not orthogonal to the vacuum $| 0 \rangle$. For the kernel $K$ we assume the form
\begin{equation}
\label{9}
K (\vec{x}, \vec{y}) = K_0 (\vec{x}, \vec{y}) + \int d^3 z \, \bm{\mathcal{K}} (\vec{x}, \vec{y}; \vec{z}) \cdot \vec{A} (\vec{z}) \, ,
\end{equation}
where $K_0$ and $\bm{\mathcal{K}}$ are determined by minimizing the energy density of the
quarks. Finally, ${{\cal N}}$ is a normalization constant, which is a functional of the kernel $K$, Eq.~(\ref{9}),
and thus of the gauge field. Through the vector kernel $\bm{\mathcal{K}}$, the wave functional (\ref{7}) contains
the coupling of the quarks to the gluons. If this coupling is neglected (by putting $\bm{\mathcal{K}} = 0$)
the wave functional $| \phi \rangle$, Eq.~(\ref{9}), is of the BCS-type used in Refs.~\cite{Finger:1981gm,Adler:1984ri}, for which
the expectation value of the quark-gluon coupling term $H_{\textsc{qgc}}$, Eq.~(\ref{QGC}), vanishes.

Our strategy is as follows: We first take the expectation value of the quark Hamiltonian H, Eq.~(\ref{Hamiltonian}),
in the fermionic state $| \phi \rangle$, Eq.~(\ref{7}), and subsequently in the Yang-Mills vacuum state (\ref{YM-wave-functional}).
The fermionic expectation value
$\langle H \rangle_\textsc{f} = \langle \phi | H | \phi \rangle$
can be taken exactly (by using Wick's theorem)
since the wave functional $| \phi \rangle$ is a Slater determinant. It can be expressed in terms of the static quark
propagator (in the presence of the gauge field)
\begin{equation}
\label{10}
G (\vec{x}, \vec{x}') = \frac{1}{2} \langle \phi | \left[ \psi (\vec{x}), \psi^\dagger (\vec{x}') \right] | \phi \rangle   \, ,
\end{equation}
which for the state (\ref{7}) is given in a matrix notation by
\begin{align}
\label{11}
G & = \Lambda_+ (1 + K K^\dagger)^{- 1} \Lambda_+  + \Lambda_- (1 + K^\dagger K)^{- 1} K^\dagger \Lambda_+ + \nonumber \\
&+ \Lambda_+ (1 + K K^\dagger)^{- 1} K \Lambda_-  - \Lambda_- (1 + K^\dagger K)^{- 1} \Lambda_- + \nonumber \\
&+ \frac{1}{2} (\Lambda_- - \Lambda_+)  \, ,
\end{align}
where $\Lambda_\pm$  are the projectors on positive and negative energy states $\psi_\pm = \Lambda_\pm \psi$.
Note that the quark propagator (and accordingly $\langle H \rangle_\textsc{f}$) is via the kernel $K$, Eq.~(\ref{9}),
 a non-local and non-linear
functional of the spatial gauge field $\vec{A}$.

For the gluonic expectation value $\langle \ldots \rangle_{\textsc{YM}} = \langle \textsc{YM} | \ldots | \textsc{YM} \rangle$ of $\langle H \rangle_\textsc{f}$ in the Yang-Mills vacuum state (\ref{YM-wave-functional}),
we will restrict ourselves to two (overlapping) loops. To
this order, in the gluonic expectation value of $\langle H \rangle_\textsc{f}$ we can use the replacement
\begin{equation}
\label{13}
\langle \dots (1 + K^\dagger K)^{- 1} \dots  \rangle_{\textsc{ym}} \to \langle \dots  (1 + \langle K^\dagger K \rangle_{\textsc{ym}} )^{- 1} \dots \rangle_{\textsc{ym}} \,
\end{equation}
and furthermore, replace the Coulomb kernel (\ref{4}) by its vacuum expectation value, i.e.\ by the static non-Abelian color Coulomb potential (\ref{5}).
It is then straightforward, although quite involved,
to evaluate $\langle \langle H \rangle_\textsc{f} \rangle_{\textsc{ym}}$ and take the variation with respect to the
kernels $K_0, \bm{\mathcal{K}}$ and $\omega$. In the present study we ignore the back-reaction of the gluon sector to the presence of the quarks, i.e.\ we keep the gluonic kernel (the gluon quasi-particle energy) $\omega$ at its form determined in the pure
Yang-Mills sector \cite{Feuchter:2004mk, Reinhardt:2004mm, Epple:2006hv}. We also ignore the small current quark mass $m_0$, which can be easily included if desired.
Furthermore, inspired by the form of the quark Hamiltonian $H$, Eq.~(\ref{Hamiltonian}), we assume for the quark kernels (\ref{9})
of the wave functional (\ref{7}) the form
\begin{eqnarray}
\label{14}
K_0 (\vec{x}, \vec{y}) & = & \beta S (\vec{x} - \vec{y}) \nonumber\\
\bm{\mathcal{K}} (\vec{x}, \vec{y}; \vec{z}) & = & \vec{\alpha} V \left( \vec{x} - \vec{y}, \vec{z} - \vec{y} \right) \, ,
\end{eqnarray}
where $S (\vec{x} - \vec{y})$ and $V (\vec{x} - \vec{y}, \vec{z} - \vec{y})$ are scalar functions. In principle, more complex
tensor structures of the quark-gluon coupling can be included as has been done in three-dimensional QED in
Landau gauge \cite{Kizilersu:2009kg}.

\begin{figure}[t]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=70mm,angle=270]{s-v-solution-log-dimension.ps}
\caption{\sl The variational kernels $S$ and $V$ for $\sigma_{\textsc{c}} = 2 \sigma_\textsc{w}$.}
\label{fig-s-v-asymptotic}
\end{figure}

Variation of the energy $\langle \langle H \rangle_{\textsc{f}} \rangle_{\textsc{ym}}$ with respect to the kernels Eq.~(\ref{14}) $S, V$
yields the following gap equations in momentum space
\begin{align}
\label{15}
S (\boldsymbol{k}) & =   \frac{I_\textsc{c}^{(1)}(\boldsymbol{k})}{|\boldsymbol{k}| - I_{\textsc{qgc}}(\boldsymbol{k})}  \\
\label{16}
V (\boldsymbol{k},\boldsymbol{p}) & = - \frac{g}{2} \, \frac{1+S^2(\boldsymbol{k})+R(\boldsymbol{k})}{|\boldsymbol{k}| -I_{\textsc{qgc}}(\boldsymbol{k}) + I_\textsc{c}^{(2)}(\boldsymbol{k})} \; ,
\end{align}
where
 \begin{align}
 R(\boldsymbol{k}) =  C_F \, \int \frac{d^3 q}{(2\pi)^3} \, D(\vec{\ell}) \, V^2(\boldsymbol{k},\boldsymbol{q})
\left[1+ (\hat{\boldsymbol{k}} \cdot \hat{\vec{\ell}}) \, (\hat{\boldsymbol{q}} \cdot \hat{\vec{\ell}})  \right] \, ,
 \end{align}
with $\vec{\ell}=\boldsymbol{k}-\boldsymbol{q}$, $C_F=(N_\textsc{c}^2-1)/(2 N_\textsc{c})$ being the quadratic Casimir and $D(\vec{\ell})$ being the static gluon propagator. In the above equations we have introduced the loop integrals
\begin{align}
I_{\textsc{qgc}}(\boldsymbol{k})  = {} &g C_F \,  \int \frac{d^3 q}{(2\pi)^3} \, D(\vec{\ell}) \, V(\boldsymbol{k},\boldsymbol{q})
\left[ 1+ (\hat{\boldsymbol{k}} \cdot \hat{\vec{\ell}}) \, (\hat{\boldsymbol{q}} \cdot \hat{\vec{\ell}})  \right], \\
I^{(1)}_\textsc{c}(\boldsymbol{k}) = {} &\frac{g^2}{2} C_F \int \frac{d^3 q}{(2\pi)^3} \frac{F(\boldsymbol{k}-\boldsymbol{q})}{1+ S^2(\boldsymbol{q})+R(\boldsymbol{q})}
\nonumber \\ \times &\Big[ S(\boldsymbol{q}) (1-S^2(\boldsymbol{k}) + R(\boldsymbol{k})) + \nonumber \\ &- (\hat{\boldsymbol{k}} \cdot \hat{\boldsymbol{q}}) S(\boldsymbol{k}) \left(1-S^2(\boldsymbol{q})
- R(\boldsymbol{q}) \right)\Big]  , \\
I^{(2)}_\textsc{c}(\boldsymbol{k}) =  {} &\frac{g^2}{2} C_F \int\frac{d^3 q}{(2\pi)^3}
\frac{F(\boldsymbol{k}-\boldsymbol{q})}{1+S^2(\boldsymbol{q})+R(\boldsymbol{q})} \nonumber \\ \times &\Big[2 S(\boldsymbol{k}) S(\boldsymbol{q}) + \frac{1}{2}(\hat{\boldsymbol{k}} \cdot \hat{\boldsymbol{q}}) \left( 1-S^2(\boldsymbol{q})
- R(\boldsymbol{q}) \right)\Big] .
\end{align}
A closer inspection of Eq.~(\ref{16}) shows that the vector kernel $V (\boldsymbol{k}, \boldsymbol{p})\equiv V(\boldsymbol{k})$ does not depend on the
momentum $\boldsymbol{p}$ which is conjugate to the coordinate
$\boldsymbol{z}-\boldsymbol{y}$ in (\ref{14}).
After taking the gluonic expectation value of the quark propagator (\ref{11}) one finds the quark condensate
\begin{equation}
\label{17}
\langle \bar{\psi} \psi \rangle = - \frac{2 N_C}{\pi^2} \int d q \,  q^2 \frac{S(q)}{1+S^2(q)+R(q)} \,
\end{equation}
and the dynamical quark mass
\begin{equation}
\label{18}
M (k) = k \, \frac{2 S (k)}{1 - S^2(k) - R(k)} \, .
\end{equation}
\textit{Numerical Results.}--
For the static gluon propagator $D (q) = 1/(2 \omega (q))$ we can take either the result of the variational calculation \cite{Feuchter:2004mk, Reinhardt:2004mm, Epple:2006hv} or the lattice result \cite{Burgio:2008jr}. Both propagators
are very similar to each other and can be well fitted by Gribov's formula \cite{Gribov:1977wm}
$\omega (k) = \sqrt{k^2 + M^4/k^2}$ with $M \approx 880$ MeV.

\begin{figure}[t]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=70mm,angle=270]{Dynamical-mass-dimension.ps}

\caption{\sl The dynamical mass $M$ for the full solution and for $V=0$ with $\sigma_{\textsc{c}} = 2 \sigma_\textsc{w}$.}
\label{fig-M}
\end{figure}

The quark Hamiltonian $H$, Eq.~(\ref{Hamiltonian}), like the full QCD Hamiltonian, is scale invariant.
In the present case the scale is set by the Coulomb string tension $\sigma_{\textsc{c}}$, which enters the static quark potential $F$, Eq.~(\ref{6}).
Furthermore, the Hamiltonian $H$ contains the coupling
constant $g$ explicitly. In principle, after full renormalization the coupling constant should enter only in the form of the
running one. Since we are interested here in the infrared sector of QCD we will replace the running coupling
 calculated in the Hamiltonian approach in Ref.~\cite{Schleifenbaum:2006bq} by its (finite)
infrared limit. Furthermore, we use $\sigma_{\textsc{w}}= (440 \text{MeV})^2$ and $N_{\textsc{c}}=3$.
With this input the coupled equations (\ref{15}) and (\ref{16}) are solved numerically and the results are shown in Figs.~\ref{fig-s-v-asymptotic}
and \ref{fig-M}. The quark condensate (\ref{17}) and the dynamical mass (\ref{18})
are affected in two ways by the inclusion of the coupling of the quarks to the spatial gluons: first through the change of
$S (\vec{k})$ and secondly through the occurence of the vector form factor $V(\vec{k})$ in the coupled equations (\ref{15}) and (\ref{16}). Neglecting the coupling
of the quarks to the gluons $(\bm{\mathcal{K}} = 0)$ we obtain for the quark condensate
\begin{equation}
\label{21}
\langle \bar{\psi} \psi \rangle \approx \left( - 113 \, \text{MeV} \sqrt{\sigma_{\textsc{c}} / \sigma_{\textsc{w}}} \right)^3 \, ,
\end{equation}
which agrees with the findings of Ref.~\cite{Adler:1984ri} if the same value for the string tension is used. With the inclusion of the quark-gluon coupling this value is shifted to
\begin{equation}
\label{22}
\langle \bar{\psi} \psi \rangle \approx \left( - 135 \, \text{MeV} \sqrt{\sigma_{\textsc{c}} / \sigma_{\textsc{w}}} \right)^3 \, ,
\end{equation}
which is a 20\% increase of the figure in the bracket. Lattice calculations show that $\sigma_\textsc{c} = (2\ldots3) \sigma_\textsc{w}$,
which yields for the quark condensate (\ref{22})
\begin{equation}
\label{23}
\langle \bar{\psi} \psi \rangle \approx \left( - (191\ldots234) \, \text{MeV} \right)^3 \, ,
\end{equation}
which compares favourably with the phenomenological value $\langle \bar{\psi} \psi \rangle = \left( - 230 \, \text{MeV} \right)^3$.
An even larger effect of the quark-gluon coupling is obtained for the constituent mass.
Neglecting the quark-gluon coupling ($\bm{\mathcal{K}}=0$) yields
\begin{equation}
\label{25}
M \approx 84 \, \text{MeV} \sqrt{\sigma_{\textsc{c}} / \sigma_{\textsc{w}}} \, ,
\end{equation}
while with this coupling included one finds
\begin{equation}
\label{25}
M \approx 132 \, \text{MeV} \sqrt{\sigma_{\textsc{c}} / \sigma_{\textsc{w}}} \, ,
\end{equation}
which is an increase of 57\%. Using again the values for $\sigma_\textsc{c}$ quoted above we obtain
\begin{equation}
\label{27}
M \approx (186\ldots230) \, \text{MeV} \, .
\end{equation}
\textit{Conclusions.}--
Our results show that the coupling of the quarks to the spatial gluons, neglected in previous investigations \cite{Finger:1981gm, Le Yaouanc:1983iy,Adler:1984ri}, quite substantially influences the infrared chiral properties of the quarks. Typically the effect of the quark-gluon
coupling is in the range between 20\,--\,60\%. To make more accurate predictions within our approach, a more precise lattice
measurement of the Coulomb string tension $\sigma_\textsc{c}$ is required, which sets the scale in our approach.

\begin{acknowledgments}
\textit{Acknowledgments.}--
The authors acknowledge useful discussions with G. Burgio, D. Campagnari, M. Leder, M. Quandt and P. Watson. This work was
supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) under contract Re856/6-3, by the
Europ\" aisches Graduiertenkolleg ``Hadronen im Vakuum, Kernen und Sternen'' Basel-Graz-T\" ubingen and by the Graduiertenkolleg
``Kepler-Kolleg: Particles, Fields and Messengers of the Universe''.
\end{acknowledgments}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


A Young Coppers Tale By Shaun rothwell ret.
In the 19th century Liverpool was a major seaport and second in the Empire only to London. The 7 miles of continuous docks brought considerable affluence to the city. Affluence to the extent of arrogance. The city's Saint George's Hall has huge gilt doors bearing the city's symbol the 'Liver Bird' below which is a plaque with the letters SPQL, the 'Senate and People of Liverpool'. If the city had illusions of Rome then its Praetorian Guard was the Liverpool City Police. Each Sunday the Lord Mayor would be driven in the horse drawn coach to one of the city's churches escorted by members of the police mounted department in their ceremonial dress. One of the oldest provincial police mounted departments in the country.
In August 1919 Liverpool was subject to a police strike. 954 officers of a total of 1700 refused duty and were dismissed. As a consequence the only locally bred officers amongst the replacement and future officers were the sons of those officers who had not gone on strike.
Young Albert came from the Lancashire cotton-town of Bolton. The only part of the city he knew was the city centre so when he was asked where we wanted to be posted he asked to be posted to A Division; that covered the City Centre. Some years before the Head Constable had decreed that the officers who covered A Division should be over six foot tall. Thereby giving the impression to the traveller and visitors to the city that its police "were a fine body of men".
Unfortunately at 5ft 10inches Albert was ineligible serve in A Division. Though Liverpool was a major seaport with an industrial conurbation. Within its boundaries there were idylls of tranquillity; villages such as Wavertree, West Derby and Woolton that had become part of Liverpool as the city boundary was extended. Albert asked advice of the Training Depot staff one of whom suggested a posting to him. A place called Scotland where even the local Bridewell had the name Rose Hill. Albert was led to believe this area was like one of the villages previously mentioned.
In reality he was being directed towards D Division, the Forces smallest. It covered the Scotland Road area just north of the city centre and was the heart of the Irish community. With a pub on every corner the length of Scotland Road it had a justified reputation for heavy drinking. It was one of the roughest and toughest parts of the city and it was not unusual for a constable to find himself fighting for his title most Saturday nights. Whether he won or lost, the fact that he had fought his corner earned him considerable respect with the community.
Sadly young Albert fell for the ruse and found himself as Constable 97D parading at Rose Hill Bridewell or Spike Island. His section sergeant, rather small in stature, was very unpopular with members of his section as they felt he lacked backbone. The majority of the section were extremely wise old 'bobbies'. The sergeant had a particular dislike for young officers and made their professional lives as difficult as possible.
As the last constable on the section Albert was the extra. He would be the one who covered a beat where the regular beat PC was either on rest day, annual leave or sick. One of the first beats he covered was the Stanley Dock Tobacco warehouse on Regent Road, the world's largest. It was late 1938 and once again the British mainland was being disturbed by the activities of the IRA. Despite the population being mainly of Irish descent Liverpool was a target for the paramilitaries.
Stanley Dock Tobacco warehouse was identified as a serious target for destruction. Officers patrolling this area were issued with a firearm; a First World War Webley revolver. Albert, who had never seen a gun let alone fired one, was given an unloaded gun with the bullets inside a matchbox. One of the officers with a bit of experience of firearms thought they had been given the wrong ammunition. They checked it and saw that bullets just fell through the chambers. Somewhere in the city, though, the right ammunition was given with the right gun because one casualty was a constable shot in the backside.
Albert's section sergeant had an obsessive hatred of one other member of the section, a Scotsman who, at six foot seven with considerable years of experience of policing, was an ideal candidate for A Division however he lacked subtlety and tact.
These were the days before personal radio and the only communication between officers was by whistle, lamp or signalling stick. The sergeant's duty was to visit every PC in his section sometime during the watch. Each individual officer had to be at a particular point on his beat at a particular time. This was known as a conference point or locally 'a peg'. If the officer was not at the point a sergeant would use his stick to strike the flagstone. In the night air the sound would carry and the officer would respond by blowing his whistle to say "I'm on my way". When the constable arrived at the point he would have to explain why he was late. It was in the Sergeants gift to report the lateness and disciplinary action could follow.
On this particular night our Scottish officer was late for the point. He was known to be a man who liked the occasional drink. He could hear the sergeant's stick striking the flags and he responded with a whistle-blow. He arrived to point to find the sergeant who could not contain his excitement because now he had the opportunity to 'paper' our Scottish officer.
The constable gave the formal greeting "All correct Sergeant".
"You're late. LATE!" the Sergeant responded.
The sergeant proceeded to berate the constable who paid no attention and just stared at the sergeant's feet. After a moment or so the sergeant realised that the constable was not listening to him. "Are you listening? Ay, are you listening?"
The stone flag was indeed broken and all could be heard was the muttering from the sergeant "I didn't. I didn't …"
The constable then went on to say "It was okay when I passed here half an hour ago". The sergeant continued to protest his innocence whilst becoming more and more agitated. The constable responded by saying "I'll have to put a report in about this and tell them what I know about it."
The PC was very lucky. As the Sergeant was short stature, he was unable catch the full extent of the officer's 'Best Bitter' breath.
Our Scottish constable was well-known to the community in Scotland Road who knew him to be a fair man. Whilst walking his beat one evening he found a man lying drunk on the pavement. He knew this man as being hard-working who sadly, on occasion, would drink to excess. If arrested the man would stay in custody to the morning Court. In those days the shops had no need of metal shutters with many just having a wooden gateway over the entrance. The constable lifted the hapless drunk over the gate. He was safer there and the PC could keep an eye on him whilst he walked his beat. After a few hours the man would climb out from behind the gate. It meant he would not be waiting in a police cell for a mid-morning Court appearance and more importantly would not lose his job as he would be there for an early morning start.
This type of policing was appreciated by the local community.
In September 1939 with the outbreak of war, Albert volunteered for service with Royal Navy. He was rejected due to a serious illness he had as a child. His best friend and colleague Ralph Darlington was accepted into the Army as was his friend Billy Herrington who was a Navigator with the RAF. Vacancies caused by officers going to the Services were covered by the Police War Reserve. Men would serve as Police Officers for the duration of the war.
The Blitz of Liverpool saw Hitler's Luftwaffe attempting to level the port and the city. The primary target was the docks. Police had a pivotal role to play in these events playing out before them. The Local Fire Brigade was H Division of the Liverpool City Police and was supplemented by the Auxiliary Fire Service (AFS). The police coordinated and trained Air Raid Precautions, (ARP), Wardens. The ARP aim was to protect civilians from the danger of air-raids. Organised on a national basis with the local authorities, normally through the Chief Constable, dealing with the day to day operations.
D Division being adjacent to the Docks saw the full horror of the bombing. A constable once said that dealing with a bombing was like dealing with a traffic accident but on the larger scale. It was the civilian population that felt the full brunt of the bombing. In one incident, in December 1940, 200 people perished when the air raid shelter at Blackstock Gardens received a direct hit. It was the responsibility of the police to make the area safe; organise initial rescue until the arrival of the Heavy Rescue Team. Then to record every grisly detail on a "Bomb Incident Log"
Liverpool was a city beset by sectarianism. The Orange and the Green, Protestant v Roman Catholic. It didn't take much for either side to argue and then fight with the other and young Albert was about to find himself embroiled in a piece of sectarian theatre.
The ARP was based around the various police divisions. Though they worked from different bases to the police. In B Division there was 22 year old female called Paddy or Patsy. It was her role to drive around the Division to see where bombs had dropped and call in for various services as required. Though Patsy worked B Division her home was among the many streets off Scotland Road where she lived with her Irish catholic parents. Her mother and father were the backbone of St Brigid's Parish near Bevington Bush.
Patsy's mother, Sarah, was old school Catholic Irish. Heart was big as a bucket when it came to helping those down on their luck. Whilst never forgetting the injustice suffered by her ancestors at the hands of the British. Her Father, Richard, was more Irish than Sarah. But was much more tolerant of events of the past. He had served in the Liverpool Kings Regiment throughout the Great War. As a former Barnardo's Boy he was a kindred spirit towards those less fortunate than him. He could always be called upon to help with various charity work.
Patsy and her Mother saw Albert one cold wet afternoon whilst he was walking his beat somewhere near to Mile End. Her mother commented that he looked like a miserable soul. Within a few weeks Albert and Patsy were meeting socially on a regular basis. Sarah was the unofficial matriarch of the local community and it was not long before she became aware that Patsy was 'walking out' with a Protestant. She made her displeasure known. Albert found out and he said he was prepared to turn to Catholicism. Sarah's response was that "He needn't bother, there are enough good Catholic boys already." Richard through his charitable work with the St. Vincent de Paul Society and the Police Aided Clothing was friends with police officers of all ranks many of whom worked at Rose Hill. He was told that Albert, though a Protestant, wasn't 'a bad lad'. At least Richard was prepared to speak to Albert. Albert and Patsy continued their relationship.
In May 1943 Albert and Patsy were married in Bolton. Patsy had run away to be married; no one from her family went to the wedding. The question often asked … well … their first child was born in 1946. It took quite a few years for Patsy's family to accept Albert or the marriage. Even then there were those who turned their back on Patsy as she had married outside her faith. In the late 1950s Patsy, who now had three children, went to the funeral for one of her aunts. At the cemetery Patsy and her children were met by one of her cousins who introduced Patsy by her maiden name and then pointed out her three children leaving the other relatives to believe Albert and Patsy's children were "little bar stewards".
In June 1943 Albert heard the news that his friend Billy Herrington had been killed in action over the North Sea. This news was to have a profound effect on Albert. A feeling that would haunt Albert through his career. As hostilities ended the ranks of the force returned to their pre-war numbers. The War Reserve was disbanded as officers returned and new ones joined.
Many people in Liverpool and the surrounding area were affected by the war. Patsy's family was no exception. Patsy's cousin Ann Spencer was lost in The Blitz when her house took a direct hit. Patsy's cousin John was killed in the Mediterranean whilst serving with the Royal Navy. Two of her cousins were torpedoed, though survived, whilst serving with the Merchant Navy. Finally retuning home after a nights duty she found only half her parents' home still standing. The other half had been destroyed by enemy action. Thankfully her mother was in a local Air Raid Shelter and her father was fire-watching.
Over the years Albert would train and mentor many officers some of whom would later became ACCs and Chief Superintendents. His former Inspector became the Chief Constable of Liverpool and would often say "Take the exam and I'll promote you." but Albert only took the, (promotion), exam once and failed by a couple of marks. Whilst his friends and colleagues climbed up the ranks he was happy with his lot as a uniformed constable. He became the wise old Bobby that other officers would often seek out for advice, help or support.
Albert retired from The Job in 1967 though he never drew his Old Age Pension, dying in November 1977 one month before his 65th Birthday and sadly never seeing the success his children achieved in their careers and lives.
His eldest daughter became a senior Stewardess with one of the UK major airlines. The younger daughter was a highly qualified Nursing Sister. The youngest and only son followed Albert footsteps into the police.
Patsy survived Albert by another 24 years dying 11 months before her son and youngest child retired as an Inspector in Merseyside Police.
To Albert and Patsy. R.I.P.
Constable Albert Rothwell is 4th from the right on the 1st row from the bottom standing up.


text:
2010 Primary Challenges
by The Democratic Strategist, June 11th, 2010 11:09 AM EST
At Open Left, Chris Bowers calls attention to a nifty chart put together by SwingStateProject's DavidNYC that lists every 2010 House incumbent who has failed to receive over 70% in a primary.
As Chris notes, Republicans are much more likely to have attracted ideologically-motivated primary challenges–about twice as likely, actually–despite the relatively high level of ideological cohesion among House Republicans. In fact, looking at David's chart, support for TARP seems to be the most common reason that a Republican House member received a viable primary challenge.
Outside the one or two hot-buttons motivating the Tea Party movement, Republicans don't really have that many issues wiith each other, now that they've all agreed that Ronald Reagan is the truth and light on all issues, and that the only deadly sin is to even think about raising taxes. But if any GOPer forgets these guiding principles–or in many parts of the country, takes anything less than full-on Christian Right positions on abortion or same-sex marriage–a primary challenge is right around the corner.


text:
Hyperolius dintelmanni é uma espécie de anfíbio anuro da família Hyperoliidae. Está presente nos Camarões. A UICN classificou-a como em perigo de extinção.

Ver também
Declínio das populações de anfíbios

Referências

Hyperolius
Anfíbios descritos em 2004
Anfíbios dos Camarões

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
class Threshold{

public:

  Threshold(
            ImageData& imageData,
            const double& threshold
            ) :
    imageData(imageData),
    threshold(threshold) {
  }

  void apply() {

    for(double& value: this->imageData.values) {
      value = (value < this->threshold)? 0: 255;
    }

  }

private:

  ImageData& imageData;
  const double& threshold;

};
#endif

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Laser cut ornamental band with initials gives this card its rich ornamental look. Inserts are plain.
Cream shimmer paper (250 gsm) for the main card, band, inside pasteup, 2 inserts and mailing box envelope. Gold textured paper (150 gsm) pasteup at front of card and envelope lining.


text:
"Red Dress" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Sarah Brand. The pop song, which was self-released by Brand on July 7, 2021, was written about exclusivity in religion. The song's music video went viral and attracted largely negative attention online due to Brand's off-key vocals. Critics and commenters surmised that the song was a social experiment after discovering that Brand was a sociology major at University of Oxford.

Background and composition
Sarah Brand was born in the Midwest and raised in Los Angeles. She attended University of California, Berkeley, where she sang at open mic nights. At the time of releasing "Red Dress", Brand was a 22-year-old University of Oxford graduate student pursuing a master's degree in sociology.

Brand released her debut single, "Fantasy", in June 2021. She wrote "Red Dress" one year before releasing it, while she was learning to play guitar.
"Red Dress" is a pop song about judgmental churchgoers and exclusivity in religion. It was written by Brand and used session musicians. It features a "half-assed" guitar solo and off-key vocals from Brand, who stated that the song's vocals "don't seem to quite fit" and "make people uncomfortable". Critics have also referred to the song as outsider music.

Reception
After going viral online, "Red Dress" received largely negative reception online, with commenters on the song's music video criticizing the song as "agonizing". Critics and commenters suspected that the song was a social experiment after discovering that Brand was a sociology major at University of Oxford, while others pointed to her prior musical endeavors as evidence to the contrary. Critics and commenters also compared "Red Dress" to Rebecca Black's 2011 song "Friday" while noting similarities between "Red Dress" and Taylor Swift's 2015 song "Wildest Dreams". The A.V. Clubs Reid McCarter described the song as "an avant-garde provocation" and "a dare that tests its listeners' endurance while also forcing them to question whether something so obviously horrible was made without Brand understanding what she was doing", writing that it "invites a kind of car wreck curiosity". Decider called Brand's vocals on the song "mediocre at best".

Music video
The music video for "Red Dress" was directed, produced, choreographed, and edited by Brand, who described the video as a "cinematically holistic portrayal of judgement". Brand had created videos for University of California's sociology department and Intracom Systems prior to making the music video for "Red Dress". The song's video was filmed at St Michael at the North Gate over the course of six hours. Brand found extras for the video on Facebook and got COVID-19 tests for everyone on set prior to shooting. Two of Brand's friends worked as production assistants while Gordon Gronbach, a freelance videographer, shot the video.

The video begins with Brand walking into a church in a white dress, and later shows Brand dancing seductively in a red dress in the pews and with a priest as the parishioners give her disgusted looks.

Amelia Tait of The Telegraph called the video "an impressive accomplishment when viewed as a one-(young wo)man production." Brand stated, "One of the main goals of this project was to prompt social introspection, and the music video has done just that."

References

2021 singles
American pop songs
Outsider music
Music controversies


text:
These are the official results of the Men's 1500 metres event at the 1993 IAAF World Championships in Stuttgart, Germany. There were a total number of 43 participating athletes, with four qualifying heats, three semi-finals and the final held on Sunday 1993-08-22.

Final

Semi-finals
Held on Friday 1993-08-20

Qualifying heats
Held on Thursday 1993-08-19

See also
 1990 Men's European Championships 1500 metres (Split)
 1991 Men's World Championships 1500 metres (Tokyo)
 1992 Men's Olympic 1500 metres (Barcelona)
 1994 Men's European Championships 1500 metres (Helsinki)
 1995 Men's World Championships 1500 metres (Gothenburg)

References
 Results
 Results - World Athletics

1500 metres at the World Athletics Championships


text:
Home / Vice President for Mission / Call for Nominations: Distinguished Lasallian Educators
In honor of our celebration of the tercentenary anniversary of Lasallian education, the #300LaSalle team is sponsoring two awards, one for a faculty member and one for a staff member. These colleagues will be notified in advance and honored at the Academic Convocation on Wednesday, May 1 at 1 pm in the Chapel. We invite nominations of colleagues whose work here at Saint Mary's demonstrates active commitment to the mission of Saint Mary's and the five Lasallian Core Principles: faith in the presence of God, quality education, inclusive community, respect for all persons, and concern for the poor and social justice.
Please send nominations with a brief rationale to Sally Jamison at sjamison@stmarys-ca.edu by Friday, April 12.
Frances Sweeney


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Hashim, Junaidah and Wok, Saodah (2009) Cultural influences on self-directed learning readiness among selected university students. In: International Conference on Teaching and Learning in Higher Education 2009 (ICTLHE09), 23-25 November 2009, Legend Hotel, Kuala Lumpur.
The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of culture on self-directed learning readiness among international students. Comparison is made based on four Hofstede cultural dimensions; namely power distance, individualism, masculinity, and uncertainty avoidance. This study adopted the Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale (SDLRS) developed by Guglielmino (1978). Data was collected from questionnaires personally distributed to the purposively selected international students. Sample for respondents is targeted on international students from various countries who are currently studying in the International Islamic University of Malaysia. The sample size is aimed to be sufficiently large and represents every country available in Hofstede Cultures Index. In total, 246 respondents from 13 countries panicipared in this study. The findings ofthis study revealed that Hofstede cultural dimension holds true for power distance in an educational setting in various Asian and Middle-Eastern countries. For individualism cultural dimension, the findings revealed that that the respondents are collective in nature and they tend to exhibit low SDLR. They prefer to work as a group, not individually. However, it is found that there is no difference between high and low masculinity cultural dimension. Uncertainty avoidance cultural dimension is also unable to support the hypothesis postulated, thus the results could not show the differences between the two categories that exist in Asian and Middle~Eastern countries. The implications ofthe study are discussed.


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Lifecycle of a Domain Name
Thousands of domain names are registered every day. Almost every domain name starts off in the similar manner – they are all available for registration and expire at a point of time. For those who are interested in purchasing a domain name, you must understand a typical lifecycle of any Domain name. Since it is the most important thing on the internet, let's understand what happens between the registration and deactivation of a domain name. Once you get a fair idea about the lifecycle of a domain name, you can possibly retain a domain name that is on the verge of deletion or may have accidentally expired.
In any domain name lifecycle, the first stage is its availability. Here, the domain name is available and not registered by any entity. Use a registrar to search for an available domain name and go for it. These domain names are available for registration for a period of 1 to 10 years.
Registered Period
The domain name will become active and registered for the term you have made the payment for. After registration, the current registrar should keep it for a minimum period of 60 days after which, it can be transferred to another registrar, if need be. Also, if you want to keep it for a longer period, you need to renew the domain name. A majority of registrars will notify you well in advance before the domain is due to expire. This makes it easier for you to renew the domain name early without wasting any time.
Expired Period
In case you fail to renew the domain before it expires, the domain name will get deleted. All services related to domain name are then put to an end. In fact, the domain name cannot be transferred to another registrar, unless it is renewed. After the expiry, the domain name enters a Grace Period that may last up to 30 to 45 days depending upon the extension and registrar. This is the period when you can renew the domain name at a regular rate without having to pay a penalty (if not auctioned). However, if it still is not renewed during this phase, the domain enters the redemption grace period.
Redemption Grace Period
At the end of the expired period, the domain enters a 30 day redemption period. During this phase, most of the registrars delete all the information about the domain. The domain is then removed thus making it expensive to recover again. Most registrars charge a lump sum during this period to reclaim the domain.
Pending Delete Period
If the domain is still not renewed in redemption period then it goes into the pending delete phase. This period lasts for 5 days, after which the domain gets deleted and is available to public for registration.
Deleted and Active – Renew ASAP
The domain name is deleted and available to anyone for registration. To avoid your domain name from getting deleted, the best thing to do is renew it at the earliest.
What's A Domain Name
Domain Name Registration Procedure


We offer one of the largest ranges of pallet rollers in Europe. For most of the standard electric narrow aisle and industrial trucks as well as for hand pallet trucks we produce VULKOLLAN®, PEVOPUR® and PEVOLON® pallet rollers.
According to the application requested different sealing systems made of zinced steel or polyamide ensure an additional protection of the ball bearings and guarantee a long service life.
For fast-moving narrow aisle and industrial trucks we offer special types of pallet rollers.
Roller body made of high-quality thermoplastic polyamide with ball bearings.
Roller body made of high-quality thermoplastic polyamide with ball bearings. Plastic sealing and V-ring gasket for protection of the ball bearings against splash water and foreign matter.
Roller body made of steel tube with ball bearings. Direct bonded VULKOLLAN® tread (93 Shore A).
Roller body made of steel tube with ball bearings. Direct bonded VULKOLLAN® tread (93 Shore A). Plastic sealing and V-ring gasket for protection of the ball bearings against splash water and foreign matter.
Roller body made of steel tube with ball bearings. Direct bonded PEVOPUR® tread (93 Shore A).