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text:
Q: General procedure to reconstruct the matrix of a linear transformation from a set of constraint equations I am trying, line by line, to find the general form of a $2\times 2$ matrix that leaves the square of a complex number invariant.
$$
z=a+ib \implies z^2 = a^2-b^2+2iab
$$
To do that, I consider $z$ to be a vector $(a,b)$, and $T$ to be a $2\times 2$ matrix, as follows:
$$
(Tz)^2=a^2-b^2+2iab
$$
One can do it the easy way by noting the z commutes with $T$ and therefore $T^2z^2=a^2-b^2+2iab\implies T^2=I$. The product-preserving set of linear transformations is the set of all complex matrices squaring to the identity matrix.

But I am trying to do it without shortcuts to learn better. My starting point is:
$$
\pmatrix{T_{00} & T_{01} \\ T_{10} & T_{11}} \pmatrix{a\\b}=T_{00}a+T_{01}b+T_{10}ia+T_{11}ib
$$
Squaring $Tz$, I get:
$$
(Tz)^2=a^2 T_{00}^2+2 i a^2 T_{00} T_{10}-a^2 T_{10}^2+2 i a b (T_{00} T_{11}+T_{01} T_{10})+2 a b T_{00} T_{01}-2 a b T_{10} T_{11}+b^2 T_{01}^2+2 i b^2 T_{01} T_{11}-b^2 T_{11}^2
$$
Now, to solve for $T_{00},T_{01},T_{10},T_{11}$, I must find 4 independent equations from the relations above, correct? What is the trick to identify those? If the following logic sound:

I equate $z^2$ to $(Tz)^2$:
$$
a^2-b^2+2iab=a^2 T_{00}^2+2 i a^2 T_{00} T_{10}-a^2 T_{10}^2+2 i a b T_{00} T_{11}+2 i a b T_{01} T_{10}+2 a b T_{00} T_{01}-2 a b T_{10} T_{11}+b^2 T_{01}^2+2 i b^2 T_{01} T_{11}-b^2 T_{11}^2
$$
I need to the real part (on the left) to equal the real part (on the right), and the imaginary part (on the left) to equal the imaginary part (on the right). That gives two equations:
First the real part:
$$
\tag{real} a^2-b^2=a^2 T_{00}^2-a^2 T_{10}^2+2 a b T_{00} T_{01}-2 a b T_{10} T_{11}+b^2 T_{01}^2-b^2 T_{11}^2
$$
gives
$$
\begin{align}
 a^2 &= a^2T_{00}^2- a^2T_{10}^2 && (1) \\
 -b^2 &=b^2T_{01}^2- b^2T_{11}^2 && (2)\\
 0 &=+2 a b T_{00} T_{01}-2 a b T_{10} T_{11} && (3)
\end{align}
$$
now the imaginary part:
$$
\tag{imaginary} 2iab=2 i a^2 T_{00} T_{10}+2 i a b T_{00} T_{11}+2 i a b T_{01} T_{10}+2 i b^2 T_{01} T_{11}
$$
gives:
$$
\begin{align}
2iab &=2 i a b T_{00} T_{11}+2 i a b T_{01} T_{10} && (4)\\
0 &=2 i a^2 T_{00} T_{10} && (5)\\
0 &=2 i b^2 T_{01} T_{11} && (6)
\end{align}
$$
$$
\begin{align}
 a^2 &= a^2T_{00}^2- a^2T_{10}^2 && (1) \\
 -b^2 &=b^2T_{01}^2- b^2T_{11}^2 && (2)\\
 0 &=+2 a b T_{00} T_{01}-2 a b T_{10} T_{11} && (3)
\end{align}
$$

Are these 6 equations valid constraints?
I do not know from here how to get to $T^1=I$?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Reset button not working in the form after form submit I have a php page 'search.php'. One form in the page. I have one submit and one reset button. The reset button works before the form is submit but it doesn't work after the submit. The page is redirected to the same page (search.php) after form submission to view the results which contains the same form. Does anyone have a clue on this problem?
    <form action="http://localhost:8888/search/validate_search" name="search" id="search" method="post" accept-charset="utf-8">

        Name
        <input type="text" name="name" id="name" value="" required="required">

        Country

        <select name="country[]" id="country">
            <option value="">Select</option>
            <option value="Afghanistan" >Afghanistan</option><option

value="Albania" >Albania</option><option value="Algeria" >Algeria</option><option value="American Samoa" >American Samoa</option><option value="Andorra" >Andorra</option><option value="Angola" >Angola</option><option value="Anguilla" >Anguilla</option>            </select>

        <input type="submit" name="searchButton" value="Search" id="searchButton"  />
        <input type="reset" name="reset" value="Reset" id="reset123"/>

   </form>

A: The behavior of type='reset' is not to clear the form elements, but to return them to the initial/default values when the page was loaded. After you submit your form, if you are then passing the submitted values back to the form to be pre-populated (set as the initial values) of the form, then your reset button will only reset the fields to those passed values, not to a "clean" state. To actually clear the form, you will need to use Javascript.
Here is an example that would work for the HTML given in your question...

Just change your reset button to this...
<input type="button" name="reset" value="Reset" id="reset123" onclick="customReset();"/>

Live Example


text:
Q: Batch plot in GNUplot Can anyone please help me with batch plotting in GNUplot? I have to plot around 20 of them. The file which contains the GNUplot commands, need to be changed only at two places to account for different filenames.
    set output "~/NEW1_line_hist_F1.eps"
    .
    .
    .
    .
    plot '~/performancePlotLineAndHist_F1.txt'   using 2: xtic(1) title column with histogram  , ''  using 3: xtic(1) title column with histogram

The files names vary from "...F1.txt" to "...F21.txt" and "...F1.eps" to "...F21.eps".
Is there a way I can automate the entire thing without having to manually update the 2 values manually and then run the code over and over again?
Thanks in advance.

A: There sure is! You will want to use a do loop:
do for [ii=1:21] {
  set output 'F'.ii.'.eps'
  plot '~/performancePlotLineAndHist_F'.ii.'.txt' using ...
}

Side note: you may also want to store all those files in a place other than your home directory.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Home » Homes & Property » Expunge Land Use Act from Constitution now, experts tell NASS
Posted inHomes & Property
Expunge Land Use Act from Constitution now, experts tell NASS
By Jude Njoku
The 1978 Land Use Act which seeks to regulate land ownership, is unarguably one of the most contentious legislations in Nigeria today. The law, the brainchild of Chief Olusegun Obasanjo when he first presided over Nigeria as a military dictator, was "smuggled" into the 1979 Constitution by the then Supreme Military Council.
Although the Act has its own merits, most built environment stakeholders posit that it is the greatest clog in the wheel of housing development in the country. The Act, according to these experts, is overdue for a comprehensive review/amendment which cannot be done because of the constitutional requirements for such amendments.
Constitutional amendments
Against the backdrop of ongoing constitutional amendments in the National Assembly, these experts have renewed the clamour for the Land Use Act to be expunged from the Constitution to make its amendment less cumbersome.
Vanguard Homes & Property recalls that Late President Umaru Musa Yar'Adua made some efforts to reform the land tenure system but effort was frustrated because the Act is part of our statute books. In the same vein, President Goodluck Jonathan last year, inaugurated another Land Reform Committee but all these efforts have not yielded the expected results because of the bottlenecks inherent in amending the Constitution.
Leading the campaign for the expurgation of the Land Use Act from the Constitution, the President of the Nigerian Institution of Estate Surveyors and Valuers, NIESV, Mr. Emeka Eleh explained that the Act should not be a constitutional issue since most lands are vested on the state governments.
He posited that all efforts to amend some contentious sections of the Act, as recommended by estate surveyors and valuers and relevant stakeholders failed because it was entrenched into the 1978 Constitution and has remained there till date. Even the constitutional reviews carried out by National Assembly in the past, did nothing to either expunge the Act from the Constitution or amend its contentious sections because the politicians were only interested in amending the electoral act and other sections they had interest in.
The NIESV President further posited that the clamour to remove the Act from the constitution is not a ploy to whittle down its efficacy but an attempt to make its amendment, as the need arises, less cumbersome. "Amending the Land Use Act is a very tedious process because it is part of the Constitution. The Act should be removed from the Constitution so that those sections that we consider the major problems like the consent provision can be amended," he said.
Another Estate Surveyor and Valuer, Mr. Stephen Jagun argued that there would be no meaningful growth in the real sector if land continues to be under the firm grips of state governors. He therefore called for the removal of the land legislation from the Constitution.
"Land has become so expensive because unlike what used to obtain, you could buy a piece of land from either the community, an individual or from even a company and you go and register that title at the Land Registry. Once it is registered, it becomes a bankable document. Today, it is not so; you go and pay the usual fee and you take the document that they give to you and the survey plan to the government who will then issue you a certificate of occupancy, C of O.
At the end of it all, it is just double payment, and the C of O is a document that one waits ages for. The whole process has failed. The Military which promulgated the Land Use Decree said the reason they did so was to make land accessible to more Nigerians than before. But from our own experience, the reverse has been the case," he posited.
The Chairman of the Lagos State chapter of the Nigerian Institute of Quantity Surveyors, NIQS, Mr. Olayemi Shonubi opined that whether the Land Use Act remains in the Constitution or not, what is important is that land should be easily accessible to those who are genuinely interested in investing in housing production.
Beyond the legalistic issue of how long it takes to amend an Act that is part of the Constitution, Mr. Shonubi regretted that most states particularly Lagos, Ogun, Rivers and FCT Abuja are charging outrageous amounts of money as consent fees and transfer of mortgages because they view land as their own black gold and a resource they must maximise to boost their internally generated revenues.
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text:
<?php

namespace Eloquent\Typhoon\Generator;

use Eloquent\Cosmos\ClassName;
use Eloquent\Typhax\Renderer\TypeRenderer;
use Eloquent\Typhax\Type\FloatType;
use Eloquent\Typhax\Type\IntegerType;
use Eloquent\Typhax\Type\StringType;
use Eloquent\Typhoon\Parameter\Parameter;
use Eloquent\Typhoon\Parameter\ParameterList;
use Eloquent\Typhoon\TestCase\MultiGenerationTestCase;
use Icecave\Pasta\AST\Func\ArrayTypeHint;
use Icecave\Pasta\AST\Func\Closure;
use Icecave\Pasta\AST\Func\Parameter as ParameterASTNode;
use Icecave\Pasta\AST\Identifier;
use Icecave\Rasta\Renderer;

class ParameterListGeneratorTest extends MultiGenerationTestCase
{
    protected function setUp()
    {
        parent::setUp();

        $this->_typeGenerator = new TyphaxASTGenerator;
        $this->_typeRenderer = new TypeRenderer;
        $this->_generator = new ParameterListGenerator(
            $this->_typeGenerator,
            $this->_typeRenderer
        );
        $this->_renderer = new Renderer;
    }

    protected function validatorFixture(ParameterList $parameterList)
    {
        $closure = new Closure;
        $closure->addParameter(new ParameterASTNode(
            new Identifier('arguments'),
            new ArrayTypeHint
        ));

        $expressions = $parameterList->accept($this->_generator);
        foreach ($expressions as $expression) {
            $closure->statementBlock()->add($expression);
        }

        $source = sprintf(
            '$check = %s;',
            $closure->accept($this->_renderer)
        );
        eval($source);

        return $check;
    }

    public function testConstructor()
    {
        $this->assertSame($this->_typeGenerator, $this->_generator->typeGenerator());
        $this->assertSame($this->_typeRenderer, $this->_generator->typeRenderer());
        $this->assertSame('\Typhoon', $this->_generator->validatorNamespace()->string());
    }

    public function testConstructorDefaults()
    {
        $this->_generator = new ParameterListGenerator;

        $this->assertInstanceOf(
            __NAMESPACE__.'\TyphaxASTGenerator',
            $this->_generator->typeGenerator()
        );
        $this->assertInstanceOf(
            'Eloquent\Typhax\Renderer\TypeRenderer',
            $this->_generator->typeRenderer()
        );
    }

    public function testSetValidatorNamespace()
    {
        $this->_generator->setValidatorNamespace(ClassName::fromString('\foo'));

        $this->assertSame('\foo', $this->_generator->validatorNamespace()->string());
    }

    public function testSetValidatorNamespaceNormalization()
    {
        $this->_generator->setValidatorNamespace(ClassName::fromString('foo'));

        $this->assertSame('\foo', $this->_generator->validatorNamespace()->string());
    }

    public function testVisitParameterListLogic()
    {
        $validatorFixture = $this->validatorFixture(new ParameterList(array(
            new Parameter(
                'foo',
                new StringType
            ),
            new Parameter(
                'bar',
                new IntegerType
            ),
            new Parameter(
                'baz',
                new FloatType
            ),
        )));

        $this->assertNull($validatorFixture(array('foo', 111, 1.11)));
        $this->assertNull($validatorFixture(array('bar', 222, 2.22)));
    }

    public function testVisitParameterListLogicOptional()
    {
        $validatorFixture = $this->validatorFixture(new ParameterList(array(
            new Parameter(
                'foo',
                new StringType
            ),
            new Parameter(
                'bar',
                new IntegerType,
                null,
                true
            ),
            new Parameter(
                'baz',
                new FloatType,
                null,
                true
            ),
        )));

        $this->assertNull($validatorFixture(array('foo')));
        $this->assertNull($validatorFixture(array('bar')));
    }

    public function testVisitParameterListLogicNoRequired()
    {
        $validatorFixture = $this->validatorFixture(new ParameterList(array(
            new Parameter(
                'foo',
                new StringType,
                null,
                true
            ),
            new Parameter(
                'bar',
                new IntegerType,
                null,
                true
            ),
            new Parameter(
                'baz',
                new FloatType,
                null,
                true
            ),
        )));

        $this->assertNull($validatorFixture(array('foo')));
        $this->assertNull($validatorFixture(array()));
    }

    public function testVisitParameterListLogicVariableLength()
    {
        $validatorFixture = $this->validatorFixture(new ParameterList(
            array(
                new Parameter(
                    'foo',
                    new StringType
                ),
                new Parameter(
                    'bar',
                    new IntegerType
                ),
                new Parameter(
                    'baz',
                    new FloatType,
                    null,
                    true
                ),
            ),
            true
        ));

        $this->assertNull($validatorFixture(array('foo', 111, 1.11, 2.22, 3.33, 4.44, 5.55)));
        $this->assertNull($validatorFixture(array('bar', 222, 6.66, 7.77, 8.88, 9.99)));
        $this->assertNull($validatorFixture(array('baz', 333)));
    }

    public function testVisitParameterListLogicEmpty()
    {
        $validatorFixture = $this->validatorFixture(new ParameterList);

        $this->assertNull($validatorFixture(array()));
        $this->assertNull($validatorFixture(array()));
    }

    public function parameterListLogicFailureData()
    {
        $data = array();

        $list = new ParameterList(array(
            new Parameter(
                'foo',
                new StringType
            ),
            new Parameter(
                'bar',
                new IntegerType
            ),
            new Parameter(
                'baz',
                new FloatType
            ),
        ));
        $arguments = array('foo', 111);
        $expected = 'Typhoon\Exception\MissingArgumentException';
        $expectedMessage = "Missing argument for parameter 'baz' at index 2. Expected 'float'.";
        $data['Not enough arguments 1'] =
            array($expected, $expectedMessage, $list, $arguments)
        ;

        $list = new ParameterList(array(
            new Parameter(
                'foo',
                new StringType
            ),
            new Parameter(
                'bar',
                new IntegerType
            ),
            new Parameter(
                'baz',
                new FloatType
            ),
        ));
        $arguments = array('foo');
        $expected = 'Typhoon\Exception\MissingArgumentException';
        $expectedMessage = "Missing argument for parameter 'bar' at index 1. Expected 'integer'.";
        $data['Not enough arguments 2'] =
            array($expected, $expectedMessage, $list, $arguments)
        ;

        $list = new ParameterList(array(
            new Parameter(
                'foo',
                new StringType
            ),
            new Parameter(
                'bar',
                new IntegerType
            ),
            new Parameter(
                'baz',
                new FloatType
            ),
        ));
        $arguments = array();
        $expected = 'Typhoon\Exception\MissingArgumentException';
        $expectedMessage = "Missing argument for parameter 'foo' at index 0. Expected 'string'.";
        $data['Not enough arguments 3'] =
            array($expected, $expectedMessage, $list, $arguments)
        ;

        $list = new ParameterList(array(
            new Parameter(
                'foo',
                new StringType
            ),
            new Parameter(
                'bar',
                new IntegerType
            ),
            new Parameter(
                'baz',
                new FloatType
            ),
        ));
        $arguments = array('foo', 111, 1.11, 2.22);
        $expected = 'Typhoon\Exception\UnexpectedArgumentException';
        $expectedMessage = "Unexpected argument of type 'float' at index 3.";
        $data['Too many arguments'] =
            array($expected, $expectedMessage, $list, $arguments)
        ;

        $list = new ParameterList(array(
            new Parameter(
                'foo',
                new StringType
            ),
            new Parameter(
                'bar',
                new IntegerType
            ),
            new Parameter(
                'baz',
                new FloatType
            ),
        ));
        $arguments = array('foo', 111, 'bar');
        $expected = 'Typhoon\Exception\UnexpectedArgumentValueException';
        $expectedMessage = "Unexpected argument of type 'string' for parameter 'baz' at index 2. Expected 'float'.";
        $data['Type mismatch 1'] =
            array($expected, $expectedMessage, $list, $arguments)
        ;

        $list = new ParameterList(array(
            new Parameter(
                'foo',
                new StringType
            ),
            new Parameter(
                'bar',
                new IntegerType
            ),
            new Parameter(
                'baz',
                new FloatType
            ),
        ));
        $arguments = array('foo', 'bar', 'baz');
        $expected = 'Typhoon\Exception\UnexpectedArgumentValueException';
        $expectedMessage = "Unexpected argument of type 'string' for parameter 'bar' at index 1. Expected 'integer'.";
        $data['Type mismatch 2'] =
            array($expected, $expectedMessage, $list, $arguments)
        ;

        $list = new ParameterList(array(
            new Parameter(
                'foo',
                new StringType
            ),
            new Parameter(
                'bar',
                new IntegerType
            ),
            new Parameter(
                'baz',
                new FloatType
            ),
        ));
        $arguments = array(111, 'bar', 'baz');
        $expected = 'Typhoon\Exception\UnexpectedArgumentValueException';
        $expectedMessage = "Unexpected argument of type 'integer' for parameter 'foo' at index 0. Expected 'string'.";
        $data['Type mismatch 3'] =
            array($expected, $expectedMessage, $list, $arguments)
        ;

        $list = new ParameterList(
            array(
                new Parameter(
                    'foo',
                    new StringType
                ),
                new Parameter(
                    'bar',
                    new IntegerType
                ),
                new Parameter(
                    'baz',
                    new FloatType,
                    null,
                    true
                ),
            ),
            true
        );
        $arguments = array('foo', 111, 1.11, 2.22, 'bar', 3.33);
        $expected = 'Typhoon\Exception\UnexpectedArgumentValueException';
        $expectedMessage = "Unexpected argument of type 'string' for parameter 'baz' at index 4. Expected 'float'.";
        $data['Variable length type mismatch'] =
            array($expected, $expectedMessage, $list, $arguments)
        ;

        return $data;
    }

    /**
     * @dataProvider parameterListLogicFailureData
     */
    public function testVisitParameterListLogicFailure(
        $expected,
        $expectedMessage,
        ParameterList $list,
        array $arguments
    ) {
        $validatorFixture = $this->validatorFixture($list);

        $this->setExpectedException($expected, $expectedMessage);
        $validatorFixture($arguments);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
A Night in Tunisia est un album du batteur de jazz Art Blakey et de son groupe The Jazz Messengers enregistré en 1960 et sorti en 1961. Cet album porte le même titre qu'un autre album d'Art Blakey sorti en 1957 .

Titres

Musiciens

 Art Blakey - Batterie
 Lee Morgan - Trompette
 Wayne Shorter - Saxophone ténor
 Bobby Timmons - Piano
 Jymie Merritt - Contrebasse

Références

Album d'Art Blakey
Album musical sorti en 1961
Album de jazz américain

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


This webcam is currently assigned to Pilatus Bahnen. It was originally added on 10/20/2015 and has been viewed 978 830 times since then. The current picture above was taken 4 ساعت قبل, thereby the webcam seems to be currently active. So far, it was added to their personal favorites on webcams.travel by 24 people.


text:
In 9-0 Decision, Justice Kavanaugh Writes In His First Majority Opinion That Arbitration Is Governed By Contracts, Not Judges
In Henry Schein Inc. v. Archer and White Sales Inc., No. 17-1272, 586 U. S. ____ (2019), the United States Supreme Court unanimously held that the language in contracts – not judges – controls whether a claim must be arbitrated as the "wholly groundless" exception to arbitrability is inconsistent with the Federal Arbitration Act ("FAA") and U.S. Supreme Court precedent. In so holding, the Court reiterated its long-standing precedent that, pursuant to the FAA, arbitration is a matter of contract and courts must enforce arbitration agreements as they are written. Thus, if parties contractually agree to have an arbitrator decide the preliminary issue of whether a claim is to be litigated in court or arbitrated in arbitration, a concept known as "arbitrability," then a court must abide by that language and is prohibited from overriding the contract, even if the court believes that the arbitrability claim is wholly groundless.
The case arose out of a commercial contract dispute. Archer & White Sales, Inc. ("Archer") sued Henry Schein, Inc. ("Schein") in federal court for the Eastern District of Texas for alleged violations of federal and state antitrust law. Archer sought both monetary damages as well as injunctive relief. According to the terms of the parties' contract, however, any dispute between the parties was to be arbitrated except for, among other things, actions seeking injunctive relief. In response to the complaint, Schein invoked the FAA and requested that the court compel the dispute to arbitration pursuant to the parties' agreement. Archer, on the other hand, argued that the matter was not subject to arbitration because it sought injunctive relief, which was specifically omitted from the parties' arbitration agreement. Schein countered that the agreement expressly incorporated the arbitration rules of the American Arbitration Association, which provided that arbitrators have the power to resolve arbitrability questions. Archer refuted this position by arguing that Schein's position was wholly groundless and that the District Court could resolve the threshold issue of arbitrability. Relying on Fifth Circuit precedent, the District Court sided with Archer, utilized the "wholly groundless" exception, and denied Schein's motion to compel the case to arbitration. The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed that decision.
The U.S. Supreme Court, however, disagreed. Writing his first majority opinion for the Court, Justice Kavanaugh explained that the "wholly groundless" exception to arbitrability is contrary to federal law and Supreme Court precedent. In particular, the Court reasoned that, since the enactment of the FAA in 1925, arbitration has been a matter of contract and arbitration agreements must be enforced by courts pursuant to their terms. This includes provisions that require arbitrators – as opposed to judges – to determine the gateway issue of arbitrability.
Despite this near-century old custom, however, courts have judicially created the "wholly groundless" exception to prevent frivolous efforts to arbitrate non-arbitrable claims. In support of this practice and the underlying decision at issue, Archer argued four main points, none of which the Court found persuasive. First, Archer argued that §§3 and 4 of the FAA, when interpreted together, mean that a court must always resolve questions of arbitrability and that an arbitrator may never do so. The Court rejected this argument, finding that the role of the court is to determine whether a valid arbitration agreement exists and, if it contains language delegating the arbitrability issue to an arbitrator, to enforce that provision. Second, Archer argued that §10 of the FAA specifically allows for after-the-fact judicial review of an arbitrator's decision if an arbitrator has exceeded their jurisdiction (such as determining arbitrability), so a court should also be able to initially determine the scope of that jurisdiction as well. The Court disagreed, finding that Congress specifically wrote the FAA as it did – allowing for back-end review but not front-end review – and it was not the role of the courts to rewrite the statute. Third, Archer made the policy argument that it would be a waste of time and resources to compel a matter to arbitration when the argument for arbitration is wholly groundless because the arbitrator will simply send the case back to court. The Court rejected this argument on several grounds, namely that (1) the "wholly groundless" exception is nevertheless not contained in the FAA's statutory text and the courts cannot write it in there, (2) having a court decide the issue may not actually be more efficient because it would result in collateral litigation over whether an argument in support of arbitration is groundless or wholly groundless, and (3) an arbitrator granted authority to resolve the arbitrability issue under the parties' contract may reasonably reach a different conclusion than a judge. Finally, Archer asserted the policy argument that the "wholly groundless" exception deterred the filing of frivolous motions to compel arbitration. The Court swiftly dismissed this argument by stating that this policy concern was not grounds to judicially rewrite the FAA and, moreover, that arbitrators can easily dispose of cases that are not arbitrable as well as discourage such cases by imposing fee-shifting and cost-shifting sanctions against parties who bring non-arbitrable claims in arbitration.
Accordingly, the "wholly groundless" exception was categorically rejected by the Court as it ruled that, when contracts delegate the arbitrability question to an arbitrator, courts must respect that language and allow the arbitrator to decide that issue. The Supreme Court's ruling in Schein resolves a split amongst the Circuit Courts of Appeals, and overrules the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Federal Circuits, which had previously adopted a "wholly groundless" exception to arbitrability. The Tenth and Eleventh Circuits, in line with yesterday's decision, had previously rejected a "wholly groundless" exception.
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text:
We wanted to tell you about two organisations that have a direct impact on the way we work here at Friends of Londiani. As an organisation, it's important that we promote good practice in everything that we do. Two organisations we work with to demonstrate that commitment are Comhlamh and Dóchas.
Dóchas
Dóchas is the national voice of the international development sector in Ireland, influencing policies and behaviours for a better world. It's a network to connect, inspire and represent people and organisations working for global justice. For all Dóchas members, commitment to high professional standards, participation and transparency are integral to development processes and to the workings of development organisations.
It is said that a picture can speak a thousand words. At Friends of Londiani we use lots of pictures and lots of words to describe the lives of the people we work with in Kenya and the community development initiatives that we work on together. It's important to us that we choose our images and messages carefully to ensure they convey respect, dignity, equality, fairness, solidarity and justice for all. That's why we are proud to be signatories to the Dochas Code of Images and Messages, which aims to ensure that all people involved in overseas development follow the same code.
Dochas has have recently released a short animation that shows why and how powerful stories about development are told with dignity and respect. You can watch it here>>
Comhlamh
We are a signatory of the Comhlámh Code of Good Practice (CoGP) for Volunteer Sending Agencies. The Code is a set of standards for organisations involved in facilitating international volunteer placements in the global south. The focus is to ensure overseas volunteering has a positive impact for the three main stakeholders: the local project and community, the volunteer and the sending agency. It also reflects a number of core values; partnership, quality, security, encouraging appropriate volunteer attitudes, valuing volunteering, sustainability, development education, solidarity, and the importance of contributing to development. Friends of Londiani achieved the Core Indicators Award in 2015 for its adherence to the code. This means that we are deemed to have all the core indicators in place and have attained comprehensive compliance.
This short animation explains the Code simply and more effectively than we can here, take a look>>
You can find out more about the way we are governed and the partnerships we have on our website here>>


text:
Hayden Panettiere Height Weight Age Body Stats Affairs
Hayden Leslie Panettiere (born August 21, 1989) is an American actress, model, singer, voice actress, and activist. She is known for her roles as cheerleader Claire Bennet on the NBC series Heroes (2006–10) and as Juliette Barnes in the ABC musical drama series Nashville (since 2012). A native of New York, she first appeared in a commercial at the age of 11 months. She began her acting career by playing Sarah Roberts on One Life to Live (1994–97), and Lizzie Spaulding on Guiding Light (1996–2000), before starring at age 10 as Sheryl Yoast in the Disney feature film Remember the Titans. Other notable roles include her portrayal of the title character in the true crime drama Amanda Knox: Murder on Trial in Italy and Kirby Reed in the slasher film Scream 4. She received two nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film, for her work on Nashville in 2012 and 2013.
Hayden Panettiere Height Weight Age Bra Size Body Stats Affairs
Hayden Leslie Panettiere
Hayd, Hayden P, Mushroom
Hayden was born on August 21, 1989
Palisades, New York, USA
Orangetown Middle School, New York.
Singer, Actress, Model
Father – Alan Lee "Skip" Panettiere (Fire Department Lieutenant)
Mother – Lesley R. Vogel (a former soap opera actress)
Siblings – Jansen Panettiere (Younger Brother) (Actor)
Her modeling talent agencies were –
William Morris Agency
5 ft 2 in or 157.5 cm (According to her). But, she is considered more of a 5 ft 1 in or 155 cm.
Hayden P dated –
Stephen Colletti (October 2006 – September 2008)
Milo Ventimiglia (December 2007 – February 2009)
Jesse McCartney (2009)
Steve Jones (2009)
Harry Morton (2009)
Kevin Connolly (2009)
Wladimir Klitschko (December 2009 – May 2011; April 2013-Present) –
Scotty McKnight (May 2011 – December 2012)
Age in 2013: 24(21 August 1989)
Height in Meters: 1.53m
Height in Centimeters: 153cm
Height in Feet: 5 Feet 0 1/4 Inches
Weight in Kilograms: 53kg
Weight in Pounds: 117lbs
Body Measurement and Size: 32-28-34


text:
President Obama Revels In The Glory Of First Lady Michelle Obama's Curves
President Obama is such a Black dad and it's so good.
Shamika Sanders , Managing Editor
@shamika_sanders
Shamika Sanders is the managing editor for HelloBeautiful where she carries out a vision to uplift Black women by telling their unique stories. She began working at iOneDigital in 2011 and has penned articles for iOneDigital, Essence, Billboard, and has interviewed celebrities like Oprah, Viola Davis, Denzel Washington, and Regina King. Shamika is a seasoned reporter with over 10 years of experience in digital media. She is the mother of an adorable two-year-old, enjoys spending time with her friends and family, enjoys good music, and good eats. Keep up with her on social media. @shamika_sanders
Follow @shamika_sanders
Nia Long Spotted With Terrence J In Dubai
Cardi B Reflects On Offset Changing To Save His Marriage In Viral 'The Jason Lee Show' Interview
Did Damson Idris Just Make It Instagram Official With Lori Harvey?
President Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama are the epitome of Black love.
In a sit-down interview with Misty Copeland for TIME, the POTUS praised his wife and daughters, while also recognizing Copeland as a strong woman and good role mode.
"As the father of two daughters, one of the things I'm always looking for are strong women who are out there who are breaking barriers and doing great stuff," he said. "And Misty's a great example of that."
But it was his comments on his family that really got to everyone's heartstrings. Touching on the pressure young African American women face to be "cute," the proud dad explained,
"Malia will talk about black girls' hair … she's pretty opinionated about the fact that it costs a lot, it takes a long time, that sometimes, girls can be just as tough on each other about how they're supposed to look."
Next, he praised his wife for being a healthy role model. He explained how, even though it's harder on Black girls in this society, it's empowering it is for Sasha and Malia to see his appreciation of Michelle Obama's curves:
… It's part and parcel of a broader way in which we socialize and press women to constantly doubt themselves or define themselves in terms of a certain appearance. And so, Michelle and I are always guarding against that. And the fact that they've got a tall, gorgeous mom who has some curves that their father appreciates, I think is helpful.
I do think that culture's changing for the younger generation a little bit more. You see Beyonce or you see some of these pop stars … What white, Latino (and) black children are seeing as representative of beauty is much broader than it was when I was a kid. You just didn't see that much representation. And that's healthy and that's encouraging. But it's still a challenge.
Sigh. What are we going to do when he is out of office?
Watch the full interview below:
Haters Gon' Hate: People Are Mad About Sasha And Malia Obama's $20k State Dinner Dresses
#Bromance: Canada's Bae Justin Trudeau and President Obama Spend Some Quality Time Together
The Obamas Slay At The State Dinner
michelle obama Misty Copeland President Barack Obama
Entertainment News | Shar
Keke Palmer Shares A Peek Into Her 'Once Upon A Baby' Themed Baby Shower
Angela Simmons Gives Us Fashion Goals In A Silver Two Piece Set


text:
Home » Mexico
Browsing: Mexico
Migrants face freezing Christmas on the US-Mexico border
Hundreds of migrants camp out in the cold on Mexico's northern border over Christmas, hoping that restrictions imposed by the…
As the US debates Title 42 policy, asylum seekers are left in limbo
Juan José stands on the Mexican side of the Rio Grande, his brown eyes focused on the long, winding line…
"You're not welcome": Mexico City residents slander Airbnb
Mexico City, Mexico — Sergio Gonzálea, 52, born and raised in Mexico City, describes himself as "twice displaced." In 2019,…
World Cup 2022:10 big moments so far
The World Cup in Qatar is now in the semi-finals: Either Argentina, France, Croatia or Morocco will win the biggest…
With 67 deaths worldwide in 2022, Ukraine is the deadliest for journalists
Russia's war in Ukraine, chaos in Haiti and increasing violence by criminal groups in Mexico have contributed to an increase…
Argentina's non-Argentine World Cup fans flock to Qatar
Lusail, Qatar — They came to Qatar from near and far. They came to the Lusail Stadium, which was dressed…
"World Cup Wallace": Meet the unofficial drummer of Brazilian soccer
Doha, Qatar — Since 1986, nothing has prevented unofficial World Cup drummer Wallace Leite from Brazil from taking part in…
World Cup: Australia plays Argentina in the KO, Mexico wins but misses the round of 16
France made progress as Group D winners, although they lost 1-0 to Tunisia in the Education City stadium. Despite a…
World Cup recap, day 11: Australia and Argentina reach the knock-out phase
On the 11th day of the World Cup in Doha, there were fierce celebrations as Australia reached the knock-out stages…
2022 World Cup predictions: Tunisia versus France and other matches
Kashef, our predictor of artificial intelligence (AI), has been on the rise recently and correctly predicted the results of the…


text:
Joseph Lynn Brickman
December 24, 1956 ~ May 29, 2018 (age 61)
Joseph Lynn Brickman, 61, of Quincy, passed away at 12:42 pm (May 29, 2018) in his home.
Born December 24, 1956 in Quincy, Joseph was the son of Merlin and Shirley Cary Brickman.
He proudly served his country in the United States Army.
Joseph was a member of Grace United Methodist Church and was an avid Cardinal Baseball and Dallas Cowboys fan. He enjoyed going fishing, being outdoors, listening to Rock and Roll music on KSHE 95 and vintage cars, with the Plymouth Roadrunner being his most favorite. Joseph would often say "that's a badass tune" and "I have forgotten more than most people know!"
Mr. Brickman was employed at Hilbing Auto Body doing detail work.
Joseph was a loving father and would do anything he could to help someone in need even if they were a stranger. He leaves behind four children, Jacob Brickman, Connor Brickman, Katherine Wells (Brad) and Miranda Bliss (Gabrielle) all of Quincy; three grandchildren, Jensen, Jaxon and Jace; two brothers, Terry Brickman of MO and Scott Brickman (Andrea) of Marinette, WI; and two sisters, Vicky Shubert (Steve) of Quincy and Cheryl Hainline (Nelson) of Bowling Green, MO.
Joseph was preceded in death by his father, Merlin Brickman.
Cremation has been accorded to Joseph. The family will host a celebration of Joseph's life Saturday afternoon (June 9, 2018) at 1:30 in the Siloam Springs State Park.
Memorials may be made to The Crossing Church Celebrate Recovery Program.
Arrangements are in the care of the Zehender Robinson Stormer Cookson Funeral Home.


St. Paul's Summit Brewing Company, which pioneered the local craft beer scene when it started in 1986, announced this week that it's embarking on a $6 million project to expand its brewery.
It'll likely begin the six-to-eight-month construction process in 2014, according to Carey Matthews, a company spokesperson.
Last year the brewery hit near capacity, producing just over 100,000 beer barrels, she says, adding that it was a milestone for the company.
It's something that the company planned for when it built its current home in 1998; it set aside space on the premises for future growth.
This follows $3 million in capital investments that the company has made in the brewery over the last couple of years, according to the Star Tribune.
The current project will include expansion in various areas, including the cellar, office, and warehouse. "The cellar is where we hit capacity issues," Matthews says, adding that it's where the fermentation processes take place.
Beer sits for weeks at a time in stainless steel vessels that are multiple stories high. "Right now we can't add any more tanks," she says.
Naturally, with more beer comes a need for additional space to package the product and do many other things. The company also plans to add to its quality assurance lab.
Matthews says that the project will also benefit the local economy by providing additional jobs at the brewery.
In general, the expansion "is a response to our consumers and deepening our relationships with existing customers," she says.


text:
We are FLOORED by your generosity! Dr. Joel W. Eisner, Ms. Betsy Maiale, Mr. Robert Moses, Mrs. Vicki Fong, Ms. Sara (Sally) Bechtel, Jane M. Gitschier Foundation, Mrs. Linda McCurdy, Mr. Ismar Schorsch, Kenneth & Linda Davis, Sanatoga Water Conditioning, C. David Hollenbach LLC, Ms. Deborah L. Penrod, Mr. Matthew A. Green, Mrs. Amy Wolf, Mr. Luke Johnson, Mr. Barry Beasley Jr, Ms. Nicole Matz, Mrs. Kelli Wolfel, Ms. Darlene Bainbridge, Judy & Art Green, Ms Deborah Lee, Mrs. Suzanne B. Morgan, Mr. Richard Moran, Ms. Diane Krumm, Mr. Jarrod Katch, Anthony Pinos-Castillo and the students of the PHS Construction Technology program.
230 Beech Street Pottstown, PA 19464
jrusiewicz@pottstownk12.org
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STEAM & Robotics
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Foundation for Pottstown Education Welcomes Four New Board Members
The Board of Directors for the Foundation for Pottstown Education elected four new board members appointing them to serve a three year term. Gregory Glenn, David Miller, Elizabeth Peters and Cindy Whitley were all elected as a Board Member with their terms running through June 30, 2024.
The four new members were nominate by Judy Green, Chair of the Foundation's Governance Committee and elected unanimously. They will be replacing three directors who are retiring from the Board, Howard Brown, David Charles and Melissa Shainline. In her motion to accept the resignation of Brown, Charles and Shainline, Mrs. Green applauded their services and stated that the acceptance of the resignations is done regretfully. All three retiring board member have agreed to continue to serve on their committees, the Marketing Committee and the Development Committee.
Gregory Glenn is a Sales Representative for Schultz Technology in Pottstown. Glenn is a 1987 graduate of Pottstown High School. Upon graduation, he entered Kutztown University where he earned his bachelor's degree in Management and Marketing with a minor in Computer Sciences. Prior to his employment at Schultz Technology, Greg was the Membership Director of the Tri County Area Chamber of Commerce where he was responsible for selling new memberships to all businesses in the area and promoting networking and advocating business owners and employers in the community. He has had several volunteer experiences in our community including Athletic Director for the Boys and Girls Club, a PIAA Basketball Official and a Basketball Coach for LPAA.
David Miller recently retired as an attorney for Dolan Law Group LLC after more than 24 years practicing law. He was also a Commissioned Officer in the United States Army for 8 years as well as more than 21 years as a Captain with the United States Army Retired Reserve. David is a graduate of Pottstown Senior High School, earned his Bachelor of Science degree at York College in Criminal Justice and his Juris Doctorate at Weidner University School of Law where he was a member of the Moe Levine Trial Advocacy Honor Society. Miller was admitted to the Bar of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. He has also been involved in our community serving as a Councilman for the Borough of Pottstown, Friend of West Point 2009 and USMA Admission Field Force Representative and a Board member for the Tri County Federal Credit Union.
Elizabeth (Liz) Peters is the Business Development Officer for the Tri County Federal Credit Union. Liz is originally from South Carolina but her family moved to Pennsylvania after she graduated from Irma High School. She attended Midlands Technical College taking courses in Business Law when she decided to join her family and move to Pennsylvania. Some of her community involvement include Build a Better Boyertown, FCB networking Group, Spring Ford Chamber of Commerce, and the Tri-County Area Chamber of Commerce where she is an alumni of the Leadership Tri-County Program. Liz also was the recipient of the 24th Annual Tribute to Exceptional Women Award.
Cindy Whitley is a Financial Assistance Coach at Montgomery County Community College. Cindy grew up in Worcester, Pa and graduated from Methacton High School. She attended Montgomery County Community College where she received her Associated Degree before enrolling in Albright College receiving her bachelor's degree in Applied Psychology and Organizational Behavior. Cindy earned her Masters of Education degree from Capella University. Prior to becoming a Financial Assistance Advisor, Cindy was an Accounts Payable Specialist and the Assistant to Director of Student Activities at MCCC. Her volunteer activities include: Norristown Education Foundation Vice-President and Parent Club Parent Club Council Member, Big Brothers/Big Sisters volunteer, Pottstown C.A.R.E.S. and Montgomery County Community College Alumni Association Board.
The Foundation thanks the former Board Members for their commitment to our Foundation and the 3,200 students of the Pottstown School District as well as welcomes the four new Board members.
About FPE: The mission of the Foundation for Pottstown Education is to raise funds for and support life-changing educational opportunities for the students and teachers in the Pottstown School District promoting the enhancement of our community. Visit www.foundationpottstowned.org for more information about the Foundation for Pottstown Education. You can also follow FPE on Facebook and Twitter.
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The potential application of plant wax markers from alfalfa for estimating the total feed intake of sheep
H. Zhang, Y. P. Guo, W. Q. Chen, N. Liu, S. L. Shi, Y. J. Zhang, L. Ma, J. Q. Zhou
Journal: animal , First View
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 20 June 2019, pp. 1-10
Estimating the feed intake of grazing herbivores is critical for determining their nutrition, overall productivity and utilization of grassland resources. A 17-day indoor feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential use of Medicago sativa as a natural supplement for estimating the total feed intake of sheep. A total of 16 sheep were randomly assigned to four diets (four sheep per diet) containing a known amount of M. sativa together with up to seven forages common to typical steppes. The diets were: diet 1, M. sativa + Leymus chinensis + Puccinellia distans; diet 2, species in diet 1 + Phragmites australis; diet 3, species in diet 2 + Chenopodium album + Elymus sibiricus; and diet 4, species in diet 3 + Artemisia scoparia + Artemisia tanacetifolia. After faecal marker concentrations were corrected by individual sheep recovery, treatment mean recovery or overall recovery, the proportions of M. sativa and other dietary forages were estimated from a combination of alkanes and long-chain alcohols using a least-square procedure. Total intake was the ratio of the known intake of M. sativa to its estimated dietary proportion. Each dietary component intake was obtained using total intake and the corresponding dietary proportions. The estimated values were compared with actual values to assess the estimation accuracy. The results showed that M. sativa exhibited a distinguishable marker pattern in comparison to the other dietary forage species. The accuracy of the dietary composition estimates was significantly (P < 0.001) affected by both diet diversity and the faecal recovery method. The proportion of M. sativa and total intake across all diets could be accurately estimated using the individual sheep or the treatment mean recovery methods. The largest differences between the estimated and observed total intake were 2.6 g and 19.2 g, respectively, representing only 0.4% and 2.6% of the total intake. However, they were significantly (P < 0.05) biased for most diets when using the overall recovery method. Due to the difficulty in obtaining individual sheep recovery under field conditions, treatment mean recovery is recommended. This study suggests that M. sativa, a natural roughage instead of a labelled concentrate, can be utilized as a dietary supplement to accurately estimate the total feed intake of sheep indoors and further indicates that it has potential to be used in steppe grassland of northern China, where the marker patterns of M. sativa differ markedly from commonly occurring plant species.
A problematic animal fossil from the early Cambrian Hetang Formation, South China
Qing Tang, Jie Hu, Guwei Xie, Xunlai Yuan, Bin Wan, Chuanming Zhou, Xu Dong, Guohua Cao, Bruce S. Lieberman, Sally P. Leys, Shuhai Xiao
Journal: Journal of Paleontology , First View
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 06 May 2019, pp. 1-11
The lower-middle Hetang Formation (Cambrian Stage 2–3) deposited in slope-basinal facies in South China is well known for its preservation of the earliest articulated sponge fossils, providing an important taphonomic window into the Cambrian Explosion. However, the Hetang Formation also hosts a number of problematic animal fossils that have not been systematically described. This omission results in an incomplete picture of the Hetang biota and limits its contribution to the understanding of the early evolution of animals. Here we describe a new animal taxon, Cambrowania ovata Tang and Xiao, new genus new species, from the middle Hetang Formation in the Lantian area of southern Anhui Province, South China. Specimens are preserved as carbonaceous compressions, although some are secondarily mineralized. A comprehensive analysis using reflected light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and micro-CT reveals that the new species is characterized by a spheroidal to fusoidal truss-like structure consisting of rafter-like crossbars, some of which are secondarily baritized and may have been internally hollow. Some specimens have aperture-like structures that are broadly similar to oscula of sponges, whereas others show evidence of a medial split reminiscent of gaping carapaces. While the phylogenetic affinity of Cambrowania ovata Tang and Xiao, n. gen. n. sp. remains problematic, we propose that it may represent carapaces of bivalved arthropods or more likely sponges in early life stages. Along with other problematic metazoan fossils such as hyolithids and sphenothallids, Cambrowania ovata Tang and Xiao, n. gen. n. sp. adds to the diversity of the sponge-dominated Hetang biota in an early Cambrian deepwater slope-basinal environment.
UUID: http://zoobank.org/44de9472-7e3f-42d1-9554-7b3434df91d9
P146: Does a communications skills intervention improve emergency department staff coping skills and burnout?
F. Zhou, M. Howlett, J. Talbot, J. Fraser, B. Robinson, P. Atkinson
Journal: Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine / Volume 21 / Issue S1 / May 2019
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 02 May 2019, p. S117
Introduction: Emergency department (ED) staff carry a high risk for the burnout syndrome of increased emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and decreased personal accomplishment. Previous research has shown that task-oriented coping skills were associated with reduced levels of burnout compared to emotion-oriented coping. ED staff at one hospital participated in an intervention to teach task-oriented coping skills. We hypothesized that the intervention would alter staff coping behaviors and ultimately reduce burnout. Methods: ED physicians, nurses and support staff at two regional hospitals were surveyed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS). Surveys were performed before and after the implementation of communication and conflict resolution skills training at the intervention facility (I) consisting of a one-day course and a small group refresher 6 to 15 months later. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis assessed differences in staff burnout and coping styles compared to the control facility (C) and over time. Results: 85/143 (I) and 42/110 (C) ED staff responded to the initial survey. Post intervention 46 (I) and 23(C) responded. During the two year study period there was no statistically significant difference in CISS or MBI scores between hospitals (CISS: (Pillai's trace = .02, F(3,63) = .47, p = .71, partial η2 = .02); MBI: (Pillai's trace = .01, F(3,63) = .11, p = .95, partial η2 = .01)) or between pre- and post-intervention groups (CISS: (Pillai's trace = .01, F(3,63) = .22, p = .88, partial η2 = .01); MBI: (Pillai's trace = .09, F(3,63) = 2.15, p = .10, partial η2 = .01)). Conclusion: We were not able to measure improvement in staff coping or burnout in ED staff receiving communication skills intervention over a two year period. Burnout is a multifactorial problem and environmental rather than individual factors may be more important to address. Alternatively, to demonstrate a measurable effect on burnout may require more robust or inclusive interventions.
The Crystal Structures of the Cubic and Tetragonal Phases of Y1Ba3Cu2O6.5 + δ and Y1Ba4Cu2O7.5 + δ
M. A. Rodriguez, J. J. Simmins, P. H. McCluskey, R. S. Zhou, R. L. Snyder
Journal: Advances in X-ray Analysis / Volume 32 / 1988
The discovery of the superconducting material Y1Ba2Cu3O6+δ ( "123" material) resulted in a world wide interest in the pseudo-ternary system BaO·YO·CuO. A complete study of the phases present in this system was initiated to develop a better understanding and processing of the superconducting 123 material. The crystal structures were established for two of the three ternary compounds in this system immediately after the discovery of superconductivity. One such phase was a green insulating compound Y2Ba1Cu1O5 ("211") which has the space group. The superconducting 123 compound was found to have the space group Pmmm and an ordered triple-celled perovskite structure.
Association of meteorological factors with seasonal activity of influenza A subtypes and B lineages in subtropical western China
M. Pan, H. P. Yang, J. Jian, Y. Kuang, J. N. Xu, T. S. Li, X. Zhou, W. L. Wu, Z. Zhao, C. Wang, W. Y. Li, M. Y. Li, S. S. He, L.L. Zhou
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 March 2019, e72
The seasonality of individual influenza subtypes/lineages and the association of influenza epidemics with meteorological factors in the tropics/subtropics have not been well understood. The impact of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic on the prevalence of seasonal influenza virus remains to be explored. Using wavelet analysis, the periodicities of A/H3N2, seasonal A/H1N1, A/H1N1pdm09, Victoria and Yamagata were identified, respectively, in Panzhihua during 2006–2015. As a subtropical city in southwestern China, Panzhihua is the first industrial city in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The relationship between influenza epidemics and local climatic variables was examined based on regression models. The temporal distribution of influenza subtypes/lineages during the pre-pandemic (2006–2009), pandemic (2009) and post-pandemic (2010–2015) years was described and compared. A total of 6892 respiratory specimens were collected and 737 influenza viruses were isolated. A/H3N2 showed an annual cycle with a peak in summer–autumn, while A/H1N1pdm09, Victoria and Yamagata exhibited an annual cycle with a peak in winter–spring. Regression analyses demonstrated that relative humidity was positively associated with A/H3N2 activity while negatively associated with Victoria activity. Higher prevalence of A/H1N1pdm09 and Yamagata was driven by lower absolute humidity. The role of weather conditions in regulating influenza epidemics could be complicated since the diverse viral transmission modes and mechanism. Differences in seasonality and different associations with meteorological factors by influenza subtypes/lineages should be considered in epidemiological studies in the tropics/subtropics. The development of subtype- and lineage-specific prevention and control measures is of significant importance.
On-ground lateral direction control for an unswept flying-wing UAV
Z. Y. Ma, X. P. Zhu, Z. Zhou
Journal: The Aeronautical Journal / Volume 123 / Issue 1261 / March 2019
To solve the on-ground lateral direction control problem of the unswept flying-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) without rudder, steering system or breaking system, a control approach which uses differential propeller thrust to control the lateral direction is proposed. First, a mathematical model of the unswept flying-wing UAV on-ground moving is established. Second, based on the active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) theory, a yaw angle controller is designed by using the differential propeller thrust as the control output. Finally, a straight line trajectory tracking control law is designed by improving the vector field path following method. Experiment results show that the proposed control laws have a shorter response time, better robustness and better control precision compared with proportional integral derivative (PID) controller. The proposed controller has small computational complexity, simple parameter setting process, and uses practical measurable physical quantities, providing a reference solution for further engineering applications.
Imaging Capabilities, Performance and Applications of the Hard X-ray Nanoprobe Beamline at NSLS-II
H. Yan, X. Huang, E. Nazaretski, N. Bouet, J. Zhou, W. Xu, P. Ilinski, Y. S. Chu
Journal: Microscopy and Microanalysis / Volume 24 / Issue S2 / August 2018
Simultaneous Tracking and Registration in SiC/SiC Serial Section Images
Hongkai Yu, Yuxiang Sun, Youjie Zhou, Jeff Simmons, Craig P. Przybyla, Song Wang
Soft X-ray Spectromicroscopy at the Canadian Light Source
Jian Wang, Jan Geilhufe, Yingshen Lu, James J. Dynes, Jigang Zhou, Russ Berg, Adam F.G. Leontowich, Ian Coulthard, John Swirsky, Chithra Karunakaran, Adam P. Hitchcock, Stephen G. Urquhart
The structure and origin of confined Holmboe waves
Adrien Lefauve, J. L. Partridge, Qi Zhou, S. B. Dalziel, C. P. Caulfield, P. F. Linden
Journal: Journal of Fluid Mechanics / Volume 848 / 10 August 2018
Finite-amplitude manifestations of stratified shear flow instabilities and their spatio-temporal coherent structures are believed to play an important role in turbulent geophysical flows. Such shear flows commonly have layers separated by sharp density interfaces, and are therefore susceptible to the so-called Holmboe instability, and its finite-amplitude manifestation, the Holmboe wave. In this paper, we describe and elucidate the origin of an apparently previously unreported long-lived coherent structure in a sustained stratified shear flow generated in the laboratory by exchange flow through an inclined square duct connecting two reservoirs filled with fluids of different densities. Using a novel measurement technique allowing for time-resolved, near-instantaneous measurements of the three-component velocity and density fields simultaneously over a three-dimensional volume, we describe the three-dimensional geometry and spatio-temporal dynamics of this structure. We identify it as a finite-amplitude, nonlinear, asymmetric confined Holmboe wave (CHW), and highlight the importance of its spanwise (lateral) confinement by the duct boundaries. We pay particular attention to the spanwise vorticity, which exhibits a travelling, near-periodic structure of sheared, distorted, prolate spheroids with a wide 'body' and a narrower 'head'. Using temporal linear stability analysis on the two-dimensional streamwise-averaged experimental flow, we solve for three-dimensional perturbations having two-dimensional, cross-sectionally confined eigenfunctions and a streamwise normal mode. We show that the dispersion relation and the three-dimensional spatial structure of the fastest-growing confined Holmboe instability are in good agreement with those of the observed confined Holmboe wave. We also compare those results with a classical linear analysis of two-dimensional perturbations (i.e. with no spanwise dependence) on a one-dimensional base flow. We conclude that the lateral confinement is an important ingredient of the confined Holmboe instability, which gives rise to the CHW, with implications for many inherently confined geophysical flows such as in valleys, estuaries, straits or deep ocean trenches. Our results suggest that the CHW is an example of an experimentally observed, inherently nonlinear, robust, long-lived coherent structure which has developed from a linear instability. We conjecture that the CHW is a promising candidate for a class of exact coherent states underpinning the dynamics of more disordered, yet continually forced stratified shear flows.
Undernutrition in childhood resulted in bad dietary behaviors and the increased risk of hypertension in a middle-aged Chinese population
L. Zhang, J. Sheng, Y. Xuan, P. Xuan, J. Zhou, Y. Fan, X. Zhu, K. Liu, L. Yang, F. Tao, S. Wang
Journal: Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease / Volume 9 / Issue 5 / October 2018
This study was designed to explore the association between undernutrition in the growth period and cardiovascular risk factors in a middle-aged Chinese population. A total of 1756 subjects, aged 45–60 years, were invited to participate in the Hefei Nutrition and Health Study and divided into three groups according to their self-reported animal food intake in the growth period. Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3 were defined as undernutrition, nutritional improvement and the good nutrition group, respectively. In the three groups, the subjects in Groups 1 and 2 had more oil and salt intake (P<0.001), and less eggs and milk intake (P<0.001), when compared with the subjects in Group 3. After adjusting for age, education, smoking status and other confounding factors, it was found that male participants who experienced nutritional improvement before age 18 had higher risk of hypertension [odds ratio (OR)=1.68; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.05, 2.69] than those with good nutrition, and female participants with undernutrition (OR=1.52; 95% CI: 1.01, 2.29) and nutritional improvement (OR=1.68; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.69) before age 18 had a higher risk of hypertension than those with good nutrition. For diabetes, obesity, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, our results did not found difference among the three groups both in male and female. Our findings indicated that nutritional deficiency in childhood was associated with bad dietary behaviors and a significantly increased risk of hypertension in middle age. Therefore, early adequate nutrition is very important for the prevention of non-communicable diseases later.
P168: Critical dynamics study of burnout in emergency department health professionals in New Brunswick: revisiting 6 years later
F. Zhou, M. Howlett, J. Fraser, G. Stoica, J. Talbot, P. Atkinson
Introduction: Emergency Department (ED) staff burnout correlates with psychological coping strategies used by Emergency department health professionals (EDHPs). Staff at two urban referral EDs in New Brunswick took part in a survey of burnout and coping strategies after one ED experienced an influx of new physicians and a newly renovated ED in 2011. Six years later, ED crowding and EDHP staffing problems became prevalent at both EDs. We compared levels of burnout at two urban referral EDs to determine if burnout and coping worsened over time. Methods: An anonymous survey of all EDHPs at 2 urban referral EDs was performed in 2011 and in 2017. A demographics questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI, measuring emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment), and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS, measuring task-oriented, emotion-oriented, and avoidance-oriented coping styles) were collected. Descriptive statistics and linear regression models examined relationships over time and between the two hospitals. Results: Burnout scores were similar both at the two facilities and in 2011 (n=153) and 2017 (n=127). There were no differences between samples or EDs for important factors. Emotion-oriented coping was associated with higher levels of burnout, while task-oriented coping was inversely correlated with burnout. Experiencing professional stress was a significant predictor of emotional exhaustion, while those working longer years in their current department had higher emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. By 2017, both EDs had experienced significant nursing staff turnover (50%) compared to 2011. Conclusion: Burnout scores remained consistent after 6 years at these two urban referral EDs. Given the evidence that increased years of service is associated with increased burnout, high staff turnover rate at both EDs could explain how scores remained constant. Staff turnover may represent a way these ED systems cope in a challenging environment. In 2017, task-oriented copers continued to score lower while emotionally-oriented copers showed higher burnout risk, and experiencing professional stress remains a strong predictor of burnout.
Prenatal lead exposure in relation to age at menarche: results from a longitudinal study in Mexico City
E. C. Jansen, L. Zhou, P. X. K. Song, B. N. Sánchez, A. Mercado, H. Hu, M. Solano, K. E. Peterson, M. M. Tellez-Rojo
Journal: Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease / Volume 9 / Issue 4 / August 2018
Animal and cross-sectional epidemiological studies suggest that prenatal lead exposure is related to delayed menarche, but this has not been confirmed in longitudinal studies. We analyzed this association among 200 girls from Mexico City who were followed since the first trimester of gestation. Maternal blood lead levels were analyzed once during each trimester of pregnancy, and daughters were asked about their first menstrual cycle at a visit between the ages of 9.8 and 18.1 years. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for probability of menarche over the follow-up period using interval-censored Cox models, comparing those with prenatal blood lead level ⩾5 µg/dl to those with prenatal blood lead <5 µg/dl. We also estimated HRs and 95% CI with conventional Cox regression models, which utilized the self-reported age at menarche. In adjusted analyses, we accounted for maternal age, maternal parity, maternal education, and prenatal calcium treatment status. Across trimesters, 36−47% of mothers had blood lead levels ⩾5 µg/dl. Using interval-censored models, we found that during the second trimester only, girls with ⩾5 µg/dl prenatal blood lead had a later age at menarche compared with girls with prenatal blood lead levels <5 µg/dl (confounder-adjusted HR=0.59, 95% CI 0.28–0.90; P=0.05). Associations were in a similar direction, although not statistically significant, in the conventional Cox regression models, potentially indicating measurement error in the self-recalled age at menarche. In summary, higher prenatal lead exposure during the second trimester could be related to later onset of sexual maturation.
Effects of in ovo feeding of l-arginine on breast muscle growth and protein deposition in post-hatch broilers
L. L. Yu, T. Gao, M. M. Zhao, P. A. Lv, L. Zhang, J. L. Li, Y. Jiang, F. Gao, G. H. Zhou
Journal: animal / Volume 12 / Issue 11 / November 2018
In ovo feeding (IOF) of l-arginine (Arg) can affect growth performance of broilers, but the response of IOF of Arg on breast muscle growth is unclear, and the mechanism involved in protein deposition remains unknown. Hense, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of IOF of Arg on breast muscle growth and protein-deposited signalling in post-hatch broilers. A total of 720 fertile eggs were collected from 34-week-old Arbor Acres breeder hens and distributed to three treatments: (1) non-injected control group; (2) 7.5 g/l (w/v) NaCl diluent-injected control group; (3) 0.6 mg Arg/egg solution-injected group. At 17.5 days of incubation, fertile eggs were injected 0.6 ml solutions into the amnion of the injected groups. Upon hatching, 80 male chicks were randomly assigned to eight replicates of 10 birds each and fed ad libitum for 21 days. The results indicated that IOF of Arg increased relative breast muscle weight compared with those of control groups at hatch, 3-, 7- and 21-day post-hatch (P<0.05). In the Arg-injected group, the plasma total protein and albumen concentrations were higher at 7- and 21-day post-hatch than those of control groups (P<0.05). The alanine aminotransferase activity in Arg group was higher at hatch than that of control groups (P<0.05). The levels of triiodothyronine at four time points and thyroxine hormones at hatch, 7- and 21-day post-hatch in Arg group were higher than those of control groups (P<0.05). In addition, IOF of Arg increased the amino acid concentrations of breast muscle at hatch, 7- and 21-day post-hatch (P<0.05). In ovo feeding of Arg also enhanced mammalian target of rapamycin, ribosomal protein S6 kinase-1 and eIF4E-bindingprotein-1 messenger RNA expression levels at hatch compared with those of control groups (P<0.05). It was concluded that IOF of Arg treatment improved breast muscle growth, which might be associated with the enhancement of protein deposition.
Presentation of automated procedural guidance in surgical simulation: results of two randomised controlled trials
S Wijewickrema, Y Zhou, I Ioannou, B Copson, P Piromchai, C Yu, R Briggs, J Bailey, G Kennedy, S O'Leary
Journal: The Journal of Laryngology & Otology / Volume 132 / Issue 3 / March 2018
To investigate the effectiveness and usability of automated procedural guidance during virtual temporal bone surgery.
Two randomised controlled trials were performed to evaluate the effectiveness, for medical students, of two presentation modalities of automated real-time procedural guidance in virtual reality simulation: full and step-by-step visual presentation of drillable areas. Presentation modality effectiveness was determined through a comparison of participants' dissection quality, evaluated by a blinded otologist, using a validated assessment scale.
While the provision of automated guidance on procedure improved performance (full presentation, p = 0.03; step-by-step presentation, p < 0.001), usage of the two different presentation modalities was vastly different (full presentation, 3.73 per cent; step-by-step presentation, 60.40 per cent).
Automated procedural guidance in virtual temporal bone surgery is effective in improving trainee performance. Step-by-step presentation of procedural guidance was engaging, and therefore more likely to be used by the participants.
Follow Up of GW170817 and Its Electromagnetic Counterpart by Australian-Led Observing Programmes
Gravitational Wave Astronomy
I. Andreoni, K. Ackley, J. Cooke, A. Acharyya, J. R. Allison, G. E. Anderson, M. C. B. Ashley, D. Baade, M. Bailes, K. Bannister, A. Beardsley, M. S. Bessell, F. Bian, P. A. Bland, M. Boer, T. Booler, A. Brandeker, I. S. Brown, D. A. H. Buckley, S.-W. Chang, D. M. Coward, S. Crawford, H. Crisp, B. Crosse, A. Cucchiara, M. Cupák, J. S. de Gois, A. Deller, H. A. R. Devillepoix, D. Dobie, E. Elmer, D. Emrich, W. Farah, T. J. Farrell, T. Franzen, B. M. Gaensler, D. K. Galloway, B. Gendre, T. Giblin, A. Goobar, J. Green, P. J. Hancock, B. A. D. Hartig, E. J. Howell, L. Horsley, A. Hotan, R. M. Howie, L. Hu, Y. Hu, C. W. James, S. Johnston, M. Johnston-Hollitt, D. L. Kaplan, M. Kasliwal, E. F. Keane, D. Kenney, A. Klotz, R. Lau, R. Laugier, E. Lenc, X. Li, E. Liang, C. Lidman, L. C. Luvaul, C. Lynch, B. Ma, D. Macpherson, J. Mao, D. E. McClelland, C. McCully, A. Möller, M. F. Morales, D. Morris, T. Murphy, K. Noysena, C. A. Onken, N. B. Orange, S. Osłowski, D. Pallot, J. Paxman, S. B. Potter, T. Pritchard, W. Raja, R. Ridden-Harper, E. Romero-Colmenero, E. M. Sadler, E. K. Sansom, R. A. Scalzo, B. P. Schmidt, S. M. Scott, N. Seghouani, Z. Shang, R. M. Shannon, L. Shao, M. M. Shara, R. Sharp, M. Sokolowski, J. Sollerman, J. Staff, K. Steele, T. Sun, N. B. Suntzeff, C. Tao, S. Tingay, M. C. Towner, P. Thierry, C. Trott, B. E. Tucker, P. Väisänen, V. Venkatraman Krishnan, M. Walker, L. Wang, X. Wang, R. Wayth, M. Whiting, A. Williams, T. Williams, C. Wolf, C. Wu, X. Wu, J. Yang, X. Yuan, H. Zhang, J. Zhou, H. Zovaro
Journal: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia / Volume 34 / 2017
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 20 December 2017, e069
The discovery of the first electromagnetic counterpart to a gravitational wave signal has generated follow-up observations by over 50 facilities world-wide, ushering in the new era of multi-messenger astronomy. In this paper, we present follow-up observations of the gravitational wave event GW170817 and its electromagnetic counterpart SSS17a/DLT17ck (IAU label AT2017gfo) by 14 Australian telescopes and partner observatories as part of Australian-based and Australian-led research programs. We report early- to late-time multi-wavelength observations, including optical imaging and spectroscopy, mid-infrared imaging, radio imaging, and searches for fast radio bursts. Our optical spectra reveal that the transient source emission cooled from approximately 6 400 K to 2 100 K over a 7-d period and produced no significant optical emission lines. The spectral profiles, cooling rate, and photometric light curves are consistent with the expected outburst and subsequent processes of a binary neutron star merger. Star formation in the host galaxy probably ceased at least a Gyr ago, although there is evidence for a galaxy merger. Binary pulsars with short (100 Myr) decay times are therefore unlikely progenitors, but pulsars like PSR B1534+12 with its 2.7 Gyr coalescence time could produce such a merger. The displacement (~2.2 kpc) of the binary star system from the centre of the main galaxy is not unusual for stars in the host galaxy or stars originating in the merging galaxy, and therefore any constraints on the kick velocity imparted to the progenitor are poor.
Associations of rumen parameters with feed efficiency and sampling routine in beef cattle
S. Lam, J. C. Munro, M. Zhou, L. L. Guan, F. S. Schenkel, M. A. Steele, S. P. Miller, Y. R. Montanholi
Journal: animal / Volume 12 / Issue 7 / July 2018
Characterizing ruminal parameters in the context of sampling routine and feed efficiency is fundamental to understand the efficiency of feed utilization in the bovine. Therefore, we evaluated microbial and volatile fatty acid (VFA) profiles, rumen papillae epithelial and stratum corneum thickness and rumen pH (RpH) and temperature (RT) in feedlot cattle. In all, 48 cattle (32 steers plus 16 bulls), fed a high moisture corn and haylage-based ration, underwent a productive performance test to determine residual feed intake (RFI) using feed intake, growth, BW and composition traits. Rumen fluid was collected, then RpH and RT logger were inserted 5.5±1 days before slaughter. At slaughter, the logger was recovered and rumen fluid and rumen tissue were sampled. The relative daily time spent in specific RpH and RT ranges were determined. Polynomial regression analysis was used to characterize RpH and RT circadian patterns. Animals were divided into efficient and inefficient groups based on RFI to compare productive performance and ruminal parameters. Efficient animals consumed 1.8 kg/day less dry matter than inefficient cattle (P⩽0.05) while achieving the same productive performance (P⩾0.10). Ruminal bacteria population was higher (P⩽0.05) (7.6×1011 v. 4.3×1011 copy number of 16S rRNA gene/ml rumen fluid) and methanogen population was lower (P⩽0.05) (2.3×109 v. 4.9×109 copy number of 16S rRNA gene/ml rumen fluid) in efficient compared with inefficient cattle at slaughter with no differences (P⩾0.10) between samples collected on-farm. No differences (P⩾0.10) in rumen fluid VFA were also observed between feed efficiency groups either on-farm or at slaughter. However, increased (P⩽0.05) acetate, and decreased (P⩽0.05) propionate, butyrate, valerate and caproate concentrations were observed at slaughter compared with on-farm. Efficient had increased (P⩽0.05) rumen epithelium thickness (136 v. 126 µm) compared with inefficient cattle. Efficient animals also spent 318% and 93.2% more time (P⩽0.05) in acidotic (4.14% v. 1.30%) (pH⩽5.6) and optimal (5.6<pH<6.0) (8.53% v. 4.42%) RpH range compared with inefficient cattle. The circadian patterns revealed lower (P⩽0.05) RpH and no differences (P⩾0.10) in RT pre-, during, and post-prandial periods in efficient compared with inefficient cattle. In essence, superior feed efficiency in cattle seems linked to rumen features consistent with improved efficiency of feed utilization. Microbial abundance, rumen epithelial histomorphology, and RpH, may serve as indicators for feed efficiency in cattle. The divergences of assessments made on-farm and at slaughter should be considered in the development of proxies for feed efficiency.
Molecular cloning of heat shock protein 10 (Hsp10) and 60 (Hsp60) cDNAs from Galeruca daurica (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and their expression analysis
Y. Tan, Y. Zhang, Z.-J. Huo, X.-R. Zhou, B.-P. Pang
Journal: Bulletin of Entomological Research / Volume 108 / Issue 4 / August 2018
Galeruca daurica (Joannis) is a new outbreak pest in the Inner Mongolia grasslands in northern China. Heat shock protein 10 and 60 (Hsp10 and Hsp60) genes of G. daurica, designated as GdHsp10 and GdHsp60, were cloned by rapid amplification of cDNA ends techniques. Sequence analysis showed that GdHsp10 and GdHsp60 encoded polypeptides of 104 and 573 amino acids, respectively. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis clearly revealed that the amino acids of GdHsp10 and GdHsp60 had high homology and were clustered with other Hsp10 and Hsp60 genes in insects which are highly relative with G. daurica based on morphologic taxonomy. The mRNA expression analysis by real-time PCR revealed that GdHsp10 and GdHsp60 were expressed at all development stages and in all tissues examined, but expressed highest in eggs and in adults' abdomen; both heat and cold stresses could induce mRNA expression of GdHsp10 and GdHsp60 in the 2nd instar larvae; the two Hsp genes were expressed from high to low with the extension of treatment time in G. daurica eggs exposed to freezing point. Overall, our study provides useful information to understand temperature stress responses of Hsp60 and Hsp10 in G. daurica, and provides a basis to further study functions of Hsp60/Hsp10 relative to thermotolerance and cold hardiness mechanism.
Experiments on, and discrete and continuum simulations of, the discharge of granular media from silos with a lateral orifice
Y. Zhou, P.-Y. Lagrée, S. Popinet, P. Ruyer, P. Aussillous
Journal: Journal of Fluid Mechanics / Volume 829 / 25 October 2017
Print publication: 25 October 2017
We compare laboratory experiments, contact dynamics simulations and continuum Navier–Stokes simulations with a $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}(I)$ visco-plastic rheology, of the discharge of granular media from a silo with a lateral orifice. We consider a rectangular silo with an orifice of height $D$ which spans the silo width $W$ , and we observe two regimes. For small enough aperture aspect ratio ${\mathcal{A}}=D/W$ , the Hagen–Beverloo relation is obtained. For thin enough silos, ${\mathcal{A}}\gg {\mathcal{A}}_{c}$ , we observe a second regime where the outlet velocity varies with $\sqrt{W}$ . This new regime is also obtained in the continuum simulations when the friction on side walls is taken into account in a thickness-averaged version of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}(I)$ $+$ Navier–Stokes (in the spirit of Hele-Shaw flows). Moreover most of the internal details of the flow field observed experimentally are reproduced when considering this lateral friction. These two regimes are recovered experimentally for a cylindrical silo with a lateral rectangular orifice of height $D$ and arc length $W$ . The dependency of the flow rate on the particle diameter is found to be reasonably described experimentally using two geometrical functions that depend respectively on the number of beads through the two aperture dimensions. This is consistent with two-dimensional discrete simulation results: at the outlet, the volume fraction and the velocities depend on the particle diameter and this behaviour is correctly described by those geometrical functions. A similar dependency is observed in the two-dimensional continuum simulations.
Equation of state and pulsar death line
Xia Zhou
Journal: Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union / Volume 13 / Issue S337 / September 2017
In this proceeding, we are going to introduce our recent work about the dependence of pulsar death line on the equation of state (Zhou et al. 2017). The results show that the equation of state affects the location of the pulsar death line in the P-Ṗ diagram. We offer another point of view to understand the pulsar death line and multiple observational facts would help us to reveal the nature of pulsars.


Home Improvements as Smart Investments - The Petersons, Inc.
Especially if it's energy-efficient, a fireplace holds the promise of cozy family gatherings around a warm hearth.
All it takes is a simple 5x9-foot extra bath to make mornings more civilized for most families, but don't count on a return on extras like a heat lamp or whirlpool.
For the most attractive return, the added room should be today's popular family room or a third bedroom.
A kitchen update can reward a seller with a sizeable payback. Just remember, though, splurging on fancy finishing materials or sophisticated equipment may cut into your profit. Keep it simple.
A master bath is on many buyers' wish list, so invest here. If you own only one bath, install two sinks or a double vanity to handle the morning crowd.
To keep costs down, try to find an extra space to create this wish list item by combining existing rooms and spaces. Heavy structural work by adding on diminishes your return here.
Outdoor living space is desirable no matter what the locale. No-maintanence decking material leaves lots more leisure time, too.
Sprucing up tired siding, trim, etc. can take years off the look of an older house.
This is a great way to gain added living space without building a costly addition. If the basement has an access door to the outdoors - even better.
Replace it only if your old system is dysfunctional. Depending on a buyer's priorities, a new energy-efficient furnace may or may not be a selling plus.
Again, this is a renovation that, despite its worthiness, doesn't always translate into recouped dollars for a seller. Point out lowered energy bills to potential buyers.
It's hard to estimate how this renovation may affect profit upon resale. The best rule of thumb is to consider how a skylight may dramatically improve an unattractive area such as an attic room that may be dark.
*A compilation. Rates of return will vary depending upon locale and trends.