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premature birth |
Are These Children More Likely to Face Bullying?
Extremely low birth weight infants face higher odds of being bullied in childhood, a new study suggests.
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 17, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Extremely low birth weight infants face higher odds of being bullied in childhood. And, this raises the risk for depression and other mental health problems when they are adults, a new study suggests.
Researchers followed Canadians who were 2.2 pounds or less at birth until they were 36 years old. The investigators compared these study participants to people who had normal birth weights of 5.5 pounds or more.
The tiniest babies were more likely to be bullied in childhood, perhaps due to poorer physical abilities, higher levels of anxiety and learning difficulties, according to the researchers at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario.
By their 20s, adults who had been the smallest infants and were bullied during childhood had nearly twice the risk of mental health disorders -- such as depression, anxiety or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The risk was even higher among those who had suffered the most bullying, the study found.
By their 30s, adults who had been the smallest infants had a nearly threefold higher risk of anxiety disorders -- such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, social phobia and panic disorder. Again, the risk was even higher for those bullied most often, according to the study.
The findings were published Feb. 17 in the journal Pediatrics.
"Being bullied has a significant and lasting impact for those preemies, even into their 30s," lead author Kimberly Day, a postdoctoral fellow at McMaster's Centre for Child Studies, said in a university news release.
"This has important implications for parents, teachers and clinicians, who need to be aware of the long-term effects of peer victimization on mental health. They need to watch out for bullying and intervene when possible," Day added.
The study illustrates the profound effects of bullying on the mental health of preterm survivors, study senior author Ryan Van Lieshout, an assistant professor of psychiatry and behavioral neurosciences, said in the news release.
"Their risk for anxiety disorders is especially high, particularly among those who are exposed to bullying on a regular basis," he said.
SOURCE: McMaster University, news release, Feb. 17, 2016
Preterm Delivery Puts Moms at Risk, Too
Hypertension Forced Me to Have My Baby Preterm. There Were No Warning Signs.
Racism a Strong Factor in Black Women's High Rate of Premature Births, Study Finds
Clinically Speaking: Questions to Ask Your Healthcare Provider About Preterm Birth
More 'Extreme Preemies' Are Surviving
Brain Deficits in Preemies May Start Before Birth


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Makers / Sharon Davis
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Sharon Davis
Sharon is an award winning documentary producer and journalist whose body of work spans more than 20 years. She has worked in print, radio and television. As the winner of four Walkley awards and numerous other national and international awards, she is well-known for her ability to combine the rigour of investigative journalism with the eloquence of fine radio feature making, including observational story telling. She has produced more than 40 documentaries – many of them feature length – as well as extended interviews with notable writers, poets, authors and musicians such as Nadine Gordimer, Alistair Sparks, Hugh Masekela and Archbishop Desmond Tutu.
Sharon has taught radio production, audio storytelling and investigative journalism at various universities as well as being involved in media development and training in southern Africa and the Pacific. She has also worked as a freelance print journalist in both Australia and overseas.
She recently produced the three part series Inside the NSW Drug Court – a compelling three-part radio documentary series that takes you, for the first time ever, inside Australia's largest Drug Court – a specialist court where long-term addicts with extensive criminal histories are put through a gruelling rehabilitation program. Over a two-year period, Sharon was granted unprecedented access to the Court and five of its participants. They bare their souls as they struggle to stay clean and meet the court's strict protocols of drug testing and counselling. They stumble, go back to jail and try again.
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Earshot
Earshot is about people, places, stories and ideas, in all their diversity.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


A special form of farsightedness is called "old age far-sightedness" or Presbyopia. It very frequently occurs in people older than 40 as a symptom of normal aging. The cause of this type of far-sightedness is the reduced elasticity of the eye lens producing ciliary muscle stiffness. This stiffness, together with the inelastic lens, doesn't allow the ciliary muscle to change its shape as much as is needed in order to focus on nearby objects.
During the initial stages of old age farsightedness (diopters to +1.00) vision at a distance is still good, but with time and as the old age farsightedness increases, the eyeball shrinks and people do not see as sharp an image. The person afflicted with this condition is prescribed glasses with multifocal lenses (bifocals or progressive lenses) which use the upper part with a lower refractive error for distance viewing, while the lower part has a higher refractive error for viewing in close proximity.
In addition to using eye exercises, one can fight against old age far-sightedness by using a proper diet and consuming the right balance of vitamins.
This program will get you familiar with the exercises that will help you not only to improve your vision, but also to prevent any potential damage to eyesight that come with natural aging.


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Interview – Shannon Larkin of Godsmack & The Apocalypse Blues Revue
September 6, 2017 Interview – Shannon Larkin of Godsmack & The Apocalypse Blues Revue
Posted at 20:52h CrypticRock cryptic rock, CrypticRock, Interviews, News 5 Comments
Passion, a cliched word, but yet the key emotion to anything in life. For those who have it, it bleeds out in everything they do. Take all-star Rock-n-Roll Drummer Shannon Larkin, a soul dedicated from the cradle to the grave to music. Beginning at a young age behind the kit in various professional bands including Wrathchild America, Ugly Kid Joe, and Amen, Larkin has polished his skills with each new chapter. A member of Godsmack for 15 years now, Larkin has found a home behind the kit, one which has forged friendships that will last a lifetime.
Speaking of which, he and fellow Godsmack Guitarist Tony Rombola have been dabbling in some other projects. One well worth mentioning is The Apocalypse Blues Revue. A Blues band through and through, The Apocalypse Blues Revue is a labor of love, one here to stay, and forged to grow in years to come. Recently we caught up with Larkin to talk his wild journey in music, the life and times of Godsmack, the story of The Apocalypse Blues Revue, Horror movies, plus much more.
CrypticRock.com – You have been involved in music professionally for some time now, from your days with Wrathchild, to your time in Ugly Kid Joe, to Amen, and, of course, Godsmack. What has this incredible ride been like?
Shannon Larkin – It's been like living a dream. I've been blessed and fortunate enough for each of my bands that I have joined to be more successful than the last; which is very rare in this business. By success, I don't mean record sales and money. An example: obviously Amen wasn't as big as far as record-sales and money-making, but being the Punk band of all of those, Ugly Kid Joe – which was a band I was in before Amen – was successful to me because of my past. It was a whole different genre of music and I got to experience many places in the world that I had never been to. So I kind of measured my success by how it makes me feel personally, other than how much money I'm putting into my bank account.
Now I feel like my career – I guess that's what we do as musicians – is perfect with The Apocalypse Blues Revue, my newest project. While it will never, being in the Blues genre, come near to selling or generating the income that Godsmack has, it's given me more pride and pleasure as a musician than any other band I've been in. As far as my career and my rise in this industry, I feel like I'm at my peak now with The Apocalypse.
CrypticRock.com – That is very cool to hear and it is great that you have had such opportunities to obtain such broad experience. As we just discussed, you have been in a variety of bands and you have really seemed to settle in with Godsmack, whom you have been with for well over a decade now. What has your time with Godsmack been like?
Shannon Larkin – That's been living a dream. I've been in bands: I was very successful personally but I've never broken through the barrier of commercial success – in which I was blessed with Gold and Platinum records, Grammy nominations – and all the stuff that comes with being in a band like Godsmack that's successful commercially.
When that happened to me…I'll tell you a story. I was in Amen for, I think it was almost five years, and we signed with Roadrunner at first. We put out a record, toured the world, did whatever. We were Punk Rock. We got dropped from Roadrunner after the first record and then turned around and signed a deal with Virgin Records, which is a major label. They then did the same thing: world tour, all that stuff. At the end of that, I had gotten married and my wife was pregnant. Amen was a very violent band, Casey Chaos, the singer, more often than not ended up destroying my drums and half the stage every night, at every show, and it'd be a bloody mess. With my daughter on her way…she actually came into this world and I was still in Amen. It was at the end of our second record cycle. I made a conscious decision that I've been doing this already for over twenty years, and I didn't feel that it was in my cards to ever achieve the dream of having the success and being a rockstar, per se.
So I quit the band Amen and resolved myself to enter normalcy, and be a good husband and a good father. I was living in Santa Barbara, California, and I wrote into a community college there. I figured, you know what, I've had a good run but it's just…success, commercial success and money and fame isn't in my cards. So I quit Amen. Two weeks after that, after I quit the band (laughs) and enrolled in this community college in Santa Barbara, then I got the call from Sully Erna and my life changed. So that was something that was given to me that I'd already written off. When things like that happen in life, it's a moment that's hard to eclipse in any way. I'd say besides Sully's phone call that day, the biggest moment in my life was watching my daughter come out of my wife, you know? (laughs) That's how important it was when I got that call, it was life-changing and an affirmation. I've never done anything else in my life, by the way. I started playing clubs when I was twelve, and so throughout my whole life I've never worked a job. So Godsmack was the ultimate reward for my work and dedication over the years!
Universal Republic
CrypticRock.com – That is a very cool story. Your story that you have just shared kind of coincides with Sully Erna's story, as well. According to his 2007 book, The Paths We Choose: A Memoir, he stated that he was going to give it one last shot when he decided to take over vocals with Godsmack. He basically says that if it failed, he was going to call it a day and move on to a life of normalcy. There is a lot of correlation there!
Shannon Larkin – Yeah, it's funny, Sully and I are like that. I knew him twenty years, I met him in 1985. My band Wrathchild was doing the club circuit on the East Coast. Sully was a drummer and he was playing in a band…He had moved from Boston down to North Carolina to join this band, Lexx Luthor, they were called. (laughs) They ended up opening for Wrathchild one night in Carolina, and I met him for the first time. He ended up coming back to my hotel room and partying all night, [with] chicks and all that. We realized, wow, a couple of our tattoos were the same, we were both drummers; we clicked immediately. Through almost twenty years before Godsmack, we remained friends; buddies that'd call each other up, 'Hey, I'm comin' to Boston' or 'I'm comin' to Carolina,' whatever.
Over the years, it turned out that when he was still living in Carolina, this band on Epic Records called me, they were called Meliah Rage, they were from Boston. They called me looking for a drummer and I said, 'Hey man, I know this guy Sully that's playing in a cover band. He's from Boston and he's a fucking badass drummer.' Turns out he gets the gig, moves back to Boston to join this band on a major label. So I kind of hooked him up way back in-the-day in his career. Of course, the band didn't make it or whatever, and he went on to play for several other bands before he dropped the drumsticks.
My point is that we correlated on so many things on personal levels too: we're like brothers from another mother. People say that, but for Sully and I it's something that's real. We've always noticed that in small things. Like he'd get a certain drum or whatever and call me and be like, 'Man, I just got this new snare drum.' I'm like, 'Oh my god, I just got that last week' or whatever. Tattoos or whatever. 'Yeah, I got this tattoo' and I'd be like, 'Oh my god, I just got that,' you know? It's just crazy circumstances that…I believe in magic, dude. I believe in karma and I believe in destiny. I think Sully and I were meant to be in a band together; from the first day I met him, I believed that. All these years later, he gave me my dream, man. I'm forever grateful and I love him to this day. We're very healthy right now in Godsmack; all four of us get along great. It's the best band I've ever been in. We're just taking this time off to do The Apocalypse Blues Revue and he has a solo album out that's excellent. Two totally different genres.
The plan is to get back together around September of 2017 when we've had a chance to tour and play with our passion bands. Not that we're not passionate about Godsmack but, like I said, these are totally different genres. Until then, we're just going to kind of be apart, but then in September we'll all get back together. In the meantime, we're backing each other's efforts. Whatever you call these things, side projects? I hate that term, by the way, because Godsmack is such an animal that we make a record and then we tour our ass off for a year, year and a half. Then, in the past, if you look at the length between records, we take time off. We're not like the normal band that just keeps flogging the dead horse or whatever. We like to take time apart and I mean time, like six months we won't see each other. Basically, sometimes, I will only talk to Robbie Merrill, my bass player, for six months. Sully and I, like I said, have a history, so we call each other just as friends; just to say, 'Hey man, did you see the Patriots' game?' or whatever. (laughs) I don't know.
I just want people to know that we are in a good place, and because we're all doing our solo stuff doesn't mean that we don't love and aren't still very positive about Godsmack. We all are! It's just always worked to this band's benefit to take time off. When you look at the records, it's four years in-between each album. So when we were going into this with the two records coming out, Sully came up with the idea that we could go and do it, release it in 2017, but let's wait until 2018. Then it'll be four years in-between the last record, which has been what we've done for the last fifteen years. Plus, 2018 will mark the 20-year anniversary of the band, so we have big ideas of going on tour, and perhaps doing the whole first record in its entirety and making it a special thing. Hey, 20 years in a Rock/Metal band, that's an accomplishment, right? (laughs) I don't care how many records we've sold, how many fans we have, if anybody can stay together for that long, that's an accomplishment in this fucking business. (laughs) So we're really proud of that!
CrypticRock.com – Absolutely! You should be! It is great to hear that things are positive with Godsmack. In recent years you joined up with Tony Rombola for this new project, The Apocalypse Blues Revue. What inspired this new Blues project?
Shannon Larkin – Tony and I write material, a lot of the music in Godsmack. We usually have a couple of months before we know we're going to get together with Sully, with Robby, and make a record. When we step into the room, we like to have ammo – songs, structures, skeletons of songs, riffs – then we can begin writing right away. So Tony and I spent three weeks maybe; we'd written a whole set of ten songs that we felt were good enough to give Sully. You know, 'Here's what we got and we can turn them into Godsmack material.' So we got done, it was three, three and a half weeks and we were like damn. The fountain ended too, you know, there's a fountain of creativity. We're usually real, real hot but once it goes, it's kind of gone; we kind of bleed all our energy out. We just started jamming one day on some slow, simmering Blues; I just started a slow beat. He knows, like, Tony is jaw-dropping in his knowledge of chords and genre-specifics, he can play pretty much anything.
Man, when I started this slow Blues jam…This was like five years ago, dude. At the end of our little jam, I just stood up and was like, 'Let's write some Blues songs, man. We're starting the band right now.' We're going to do traditional Blues, that was the intent. Traditional Blues that we can just go and when we're not doing Godsmack, we can play locally; grab a couple of dudes and just play locally in the smoke-filled Blues bars. Well, of course, from there we found our singer Ray and then our bass player Brian. This whole time Tony and I were writing songs, and once we got Ray in there we started demoing these songs. Then we got Brian in there and we started playing live. We were called Blue Cross at the time, that was the first name we had. We played two, three, four shows a year, maybe, for the last five years.
Then something came up with a local Rock station here, there was a festival and the DJ – who I knew from Godsmack and they play Godsmack at the Rock station here all-the-time – so he called me up and said, 'Hey man, we got an opening for the first slot on the stage at this big festival.' Disturbed was headlining. It's huge. Fort Rock it's called! He said, 'You guys can come play the show, all I need is one song because I have to put it on the radio, and then people will kind of know who you are.' So we went into the studio and recorded one song called "The Devil In Me." Got it to him, he started playing it on the radio and we did the show.
I sent the song to my manager Jeff Varner with Godsmack. I go, 'Hey man, nothing for nothing, but we've got this Blues project, and we had to do a song professionally so I'm going to send it to you. Maybe you could play it for somebody?' He was like, 'Dude, tomorrow I'm going into this label called Provogue, which is like the biggest Blues label in America and Blues is a very small genre.' He's like, 'I have another band, a project that I'm shopping right now and they're a Blues Rock band and I'm going into this Blues label tomorrow. So if you want me to play this one song for them to see what they think?' I'm like, 'Sure.' Three days later, Provogue loved the song and offered us a record deal. So now Blue Cross had become real; now it's not just something that we were to just play in bars, we're actually going to record a record and tour. It all happened organically and naturally.
So, the name change, I will say, is because when the label signed us, they did a name search and there was a Blue Cross in Texas who owned the name in America, and there was a Blue Cross in Canada that owned the name there. So we had to change our name! The Apocalypse came about…I have a history in the Metal/Rock world and I partied a lot. (laughs) Joey Jordison of Slipknot…My band Amen was on tour with Slipknot, so this was seventeen, eighteen years ago. I was the wasted guy so Joey Jordison started saying, 'Oh lookout, here comes The Apocalypse.' So my nickname became The Apocalypse with the Slipknot crew and the Amen crew. I got the tattoo "Apocalypse" with the pentagram on my arm, and that was the deal.
All these years later I'm sitting in rehab, in January of 2016, and we're looking for a new name. I called Tony from rehab, I only had one phone call a day, so I called Tony and he said, 'Man, how about the Apocalypse Blues Band?' I'm like, 'Dude, that's perfect, I love it.' Then we changed the name from "band" to "revue" simply because there are so many "bands," from The Allman Brothers Band and all that. I was really highly-influenced as a kid by The Blues Brothers and if you watch The Blues Brothers (1980), at the end of it, they do the "Blues Brothers Revue." A revue, r-e-v-u-e, is technically a big show. There's music, of course, but there's also comedy, dancing, and acting. We kind of took that from The Blues Brothers and became The Apocalypse Blues Revue. Interesting tidbit.
Provogue Records
CrypticRock.com – That is a very interesting story of how it all came about; how it all came together. It seems like it has been a really fun time for you, Tony, and the rest of the band. The Apocalypse Blues Revue album, which came out in August of 2016, is dark and heavy, but of course it is a pure Blues record; it is very organic. As a drummer, how would you compare writing and playing this type of material as opposed to Metal and Rock, which you have normally done throughout your career, thus far?
Shannon Larkin – It's night and day! It's really opened up my drumming in ways I really can't put into words because…texture. For instance, all of my cymbals are completely different cymbals than I use in Godsmack. Godsmack is a big band with a wall of sound and huge amps on ten, and I'm really hitting hard physically; the dynamic kind of gets thrown out of the window in a big Rock band like that. With the Blues though, there are times when you can hear people talking at the bar when we've sucked it down dynamically into a slow-simmering Blues section, and I'm basically tapping the drums or hitting like a Jazz or Blues player rather than the Rock guy that I am. It wasn't a stretch for me because I've seen many Blues bands over my long life or career. I've always loved the dynamics of how they bring it down so far and then come back up; it's explosive!
What I did notice, and what I wanted to mention about the Apocalypse, is when we started writing Blues songs, our aim was to be traditional. We feel that all of the Blues bands out there, whether it's Walter Trout or Joe Bonamassa, all the big Blues guys, they don't really sound traditional blues to us. It's not for any reason other than their influences were probably the older Blues guys and they probably started like that. Now in their later career, they don't want to keep doing the same thing over and over so they're trying to sound more Rock. If you listen to Joe Bonamassa's new album, to me, there are only three songs on the whole thing that sounds like traditional Blues. Everything else sounds like Rock to me. Because our influence came from Rock, and we discovered blues later in life, we're trying to be old-school traditional sounding Blues.
However, since we're Rock guys – and since that's what we were bred and spread on – we approach the instruments differently. When we break it down really low and then explode into a loud part, our loud parts is probably a little heavier and a little louder than Bonamassa does it, you know? We feel like we have a really different sound for this genre of music that we certainly didn't try to do. It just kind of came naturally and we kind of feel like we can reshape this genre and perhaps make it cool again for the younger folks to hear that might not have been exposed to this kind of music. Much like what the Stray Cats did in the '80s with Rockabilly. They were influenced by Eddie Cochran, Gene Vincent, and Elvis Presley. That kind of music had gone to the wayside 20 years before. They reintroduced it to a whole new generation of young people who had never heard Gene Vincent and they kind of re-popularized this sacred music.
Our mission, as Apocalypse, is if we can reshape the shape of Blues to come. We like to say we are a different shade of blue. But we want everyone to know, and want to be real clear, that every song that we write we try to write as a traditional Blues song. It just comes out the way that we sound. We've had some critics in England say that we're Blues Rock and that we've got elements of Metal even in there. I understand critics, you have to categorize things and if you look at Rock and Metal, there's Thrash Metal, Speed Metal, Death Metal, Black Metal. Everyone has a name for what they do, but for us it's traditional Blues. We've just approached it in such a way that it's just different. We can't help it. Hopefully we'll create our own original sound. If you've listened to the first record, I think you know what I mean.
After touring we are becoming something again, not consciously, it's been subconsciously. We have a whole new record written for The Apocalypse Blues Revue. We've found our groove and sound and it sounds unique and original to us, yet still a mix of contemporary and traditional Blues. Again, we can't help our Rock influence; it just comes through creating a kind of sound of the Blues – a new shade of blue.
Shannon Larkin with Godsmack live Wellmont Theater Montclair, NJ 5-12-15. Photo credit Laura Desantis-Olsson Photography
CrypticRock.com – It really translates well into the songs. The 2016 self-titled album is really good and it is exciting to see where the material goes from here. The term side-project is not a proper categorization, because people often throw things into a pile and call it a side project. This is something that you are looking to do for a while.
Shannon Larkin – Yes. The inception of this band is with the intention of showing Tony off as a guitar player. You listen to The Apocalypse Blues Revue and he just doesn't get an opportunity to play like that in a band like Godsmack. It's a completely different genre and style. Godsmack came out in the '90s where Grunge was king and lead guitar was of all sudden not cool, everyone was sick of all the long soloing in the Rock world. He became that kind of a guitar player. On songs like "Keep Away" we would have lead sections, but they weren't really solo sections that really show off Tony's talent. That first day that I heard him playing lead solo guitar with the Blues progression I was just blown away and decided we needed to start a band. The world has to hear this guy play, you know? I think that this is going to change his life. It's a pleasure to watch somebody like him. I've known this guy for over 15 years in Godsmack, but to see someone achieve their true potential as a player.
For a musician like myself, who's been pretty much doing this my whole life, it's the biggest pleasure I've probably felt since I've been in this business. Watching someone become what I feel is their true nature. Again, that just doesn't change or hurt Godsmack in anyway, it's just something that I think will make Tony Rombola a household name as he should be – he's jaw-dropping, he's inventing new things now. He's inventing this new scale, I guess, I'm not a guitarist, but he showed it to me and I've heard and it's just completely original!
I don't think it would matter if it was Nirvana, Metallica, or Nine Inch Nails; these are bands that played to the beat of their own drum. They were original sounding acts. Everything's been kind of done musically, we wear our influences on our sleeves. Every once in awhile you tap into a sound that mixes influences in a way that it becomes original. We've gotten really good reviews with Apocalypse thus far thank god. There's always that lingering doubt: this is a good record, but can they do it again? Is it a fluke? We can't wait for the second record! We are looking forward to the second record because we found, finally, a groove and an identity. I've never seen four wills join so strongly with one intent as I have in this band. That's something special.
CrypticRock.com – Very cool, and it is very exciting to hear. It will definitely be exciting to see where it goes in the future. My last question for you is pertaining to movies. CrypticRock.com covers music and Horror/Sci-Fi films. Rumor has it that you are a huge Horror movie fan. What are some of your favorite Horror movies?
Shannon Larkin – Oh my god. My favorites? The Evil Dead (1981), The Exorcist (1973), there are so many. I just watched one recently called Bouquet of Guts and Gore (2014) and it's on the American Guinea Pig series. The Guinea Pig series was from Japan in the '90s when the DVD was just coming out. All of us Horror hounds would trade VHS tapes through the mail of all these sick movies that you really couldn't find at the video store. Movies like The Driller Killer (1979) and some of the old gore movies like Cannibal Ferox (1981), and those style of movies that were just brutal.
The Guinea Pig series came out with six films from Japan. They became famous because Charlie Sheen ended up getting a hold of the Flowers of Flesh and Blood (1975) from the Guinea Pig movie and thought it was so real that he actually called the FBI. The American government got a hold of the Japanese government and that caused the producers of the movie to make another movie called Making of Guinea Pig (1986) that showed it wasn't real. It looked like a snuff film.
Anyway, it's been like 20 years and you know how Americans like to remake old Japanese films like The Grudge, and The Ring? They did the same thing with the Guinea Pig series. So I recently witnessed the American Guinea Pig: Bouquet of Guts and Gore. Dude, that's some sick-ass shit! You've gotta be a real gore hound to enjoy that. I thought I was desensitized, but then you see something like that. It's beyond horror, it was the grossest thing you've ever seen. It becomes a rite of passage for horror hounds. It's amazing. Very scary by the way.
CrypticRock.com – Interesting. Those are some titles Horror hounds should check out.
Shannon Larkin – Yes! I also recently saw Rob Zombie's 31 (2016) and it was fucking incredible! It's got Rob Zombie written all over it. I'm a fan of House of 1000 Corpses (2003) and The Devil's Rejects (2005). Anyone who's a fan of the two I just mentioned, needs to watch 31. It's very gory, scary, and there are clowns! Everybody's scared of evil clowns, I highly recommend 31 for anyone like me. There's been some movies over the years that stand out. There's one called Inside (2007) from France that I thought was as scary as The Exorcist. Now that you mention it, I need to move and get a new house because I have boxes of movies in my garage because I'm so addicted. Every single night I watch a Horror movie.
CrypticRock.com – That is really cool that you are so passionate about it. What are your thoughts on Italian Horror cinema?
Shannon Larkin – I love it! I love Phenomena (1985), which was one of Dario Argento's films. It wasn't as great as say, Suspiria (1977) or Tenebrae (1982), but it's great. I love Argento films and there are a few that are recent that look like they could be Argento films, so that genre is still alive.
The dialogue and the strange colors that Argento picked creates this surreal but in-your-face atmosphere; that is complete opposite of something like Bouquet of Guts and Gore. The gore is there; you're going to see an eyeball punctured by a blade or whatever, but he did it in such ways that it was more intense than if you watch one of the Guinea Pig movies where it's just gore the whole time and lessens the effect.
Argento is the king of suspense rather than gore. He would make you so nervous before the knife even comes out that when the knife finally comes out and the blood comes you're in ecstasy of horror!
CrypticRock.com – Agreed. They are two vastly different styles, although effective in their own ways.
Shannon Larkin – Yes, and I'm one of these fools that even love the old cheesy B-movies from the '80s and the kind of films that most people write off. I kind of enjoy everything. People will say that sucked and I'll say no it didn't suck. As long as there's that one moment in a movie, I'll keep that movie. When I get a new film, and I probably have a thousand if I counted all my horror movies, I'll give it a form of two line review and rate it on a star system of one to five. If it's a one, then I put it in the trash. Well, actually I'll give it to a local mom and pop store and trade in maybe ten movies that didn't make my collection and maybe I'll get one big one out of it, right? There are a few two star movies in there, but if they are a two star then there's a moment in it that keeps it in the collection. If I think the movie was shit then I'll keep it because, man that was a killer eye-gouging scene!
It's hard for me to remember each movie because I have a thousand songs in my head at all times. So for me to remember a Horror movie, there has to be at least one moment in it and then I'll highlight that moment in a notebook under the title and star rating. Then I put the moment that made me keep that movie and love that movie in there. So then when I'm going back over it in the future, which I've done, I'll go and read my review and star rating on it and I'll re-watch the movie so that when I talk to people like you I have some knowledge about film. There's so many of them and it helps. I start to get on these collection kicks, and then the world opens up to the collector, then there's so much stuff that you want to get and it's too much to get. You would think you would reach a point where you're like okay, I'm done, I have what I want. Then the next week something new comes out that you've got to have and then your wife's going, "You don't have any more room in this house for this shit! What are you doing?"
Produzioni Atlas Consorziate
Unearthed Films
The Apocalypse Blues Revue Tour Dates:
Sep 17 Nevermind Awesome Bar & Eatery Cape Coral, FL
Sep 19 Ashley Street Station Valdosta, GA
Sep 21 The Cotillion Wichita, KS
Sep 23 Blue Fox Billiards, Bar and Grill Winchester, VA
Sep 24 Carnegie Music Hall of Homestead Homestead, PA
Sep 26 Carolina Theatre of Durham Durham, NC
Sep 28 Center Stage Atlanta, GA
Sep 29 Orpheum Theatre New Orleans, LA
For more on The Apocalypse Blues Revue: theapocalypsebluesrevue.com | Facebook | Twitter
Purchase The Apocalypse Blues Revue: Amazon | iTunes
For more on Godsmack: godsmack.com | Facebook | Twitter
Amen, Apocalypse Blues Revue, blues, Casey Chaos, Fort Rock, Godsmack, horror movies, Jeff Varner, Joey Jordison, Lexx Luthor, Meliah Rage, metal, Provogue Records, Punk, Rhythm & Blues, rock, Shannon Larkin, Sully Erna, The Apocalypse Blues Revue, Ugly Kid Joe, Wrathchild
CrypticRock
Posted at 05:26h, 08 September Reply
Shannon Larkin is a beast behind the drums. I can watch him every single night without any fatigue
Godsmack's Sully Erna Gifts Drummer Shannon Larkin A 1964 Chevy Impala For Christmas - Blabbermouth.net
Posted at 22:45h, 21 January Reply
[…] a 2017 interview with Cryptic Rock, Larkin about his personal friendship with Erna, whom he originally crossed paths with nearly two […]
GODSMACK's SULLY ERNA Gifts Drummer SHANNON LARKIN A 1964 Chevy Impala For Christmas - Empire ExtremeEmpire Extreme
[…] drive it up and kind of execute 'Operation My 64'." In a 2017 interview with Cryptic Rock, Larkin about his personal friendship with Erna, whom he originally crossed paths with nearly two […]
GODSMACK's SULLY ERNA Gifts Drummer SHANNON LARKIN A 1964 Chevy Impala For Christmas – 695TheRock.com
Sully Erna de Godsmack cadeaux le batteur Shannon Larkin A 1964 Chevy Impala pour Noël - tatouagetattoo
[…] une interview de 2017 avec Cryptic Rock, Larkin à propos de son amitié personnelle avec Erna, qu'il a croisé à l'origine […]


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Hey Dawn Colston, I had some questions about the property located at 15139 Sterling Oaks DR , with MLS #218043480. Please send me some more info about this property.


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2017 Most Endangered Historic Places in Illinois
Landmarks Illinois announces 2017 Most Endangered Historic Places in Illinois
SPRINGFIELD, IL– Landmarks Illinois today announced its 2017 Most Endangered Historic Places in Illinois. Bonnie McDonald, President and CEO of Landmarks Illinois, named the historic sites on this year's list at a press conference in Springfield.
Launched in 1995, Landmarks Illinois' Most Endangered Historic Places in Illinois list calls attention to threatened historic sites in need of assistance in the form of responsible stewardship, creative reuse plans and/or advances in public policy. This year's list includes a number of city-, county- and state-owned structures, demonstrating the challenges local and state governments face to maintain and invest in their real estate and infrastructure at a time when funding is limited budget cuts continue. Not all of the sites on our 2017 Most Endangered Historic Places in Illinois list are publically owned, but many still rely on important government programs for funding or to encourage private investment.
"This year's most endangered list includes a variety of iconic places that define our Illinois communities and our state's heritage," said Bonnie McDonald, President & CEO of Landmarks Illinois. "From historic bridges, to a round barn, to mid-century modern buildings, the sites on our 2017 Most Endangered list are wide-ranging and demonstrate the need for financial incentives and private-public partnerships. Landmarks Illinois stands ready to help all of these historic properties find productive and creative reuse opportunities."
The 2017 Most Endangered Historic Places in Illinois includes 10 listings, including three thematic listings. They are, in alphabetical order by location:
James R. Thompson Center, Chicago, Cook County
This Helmut Jahn-designed office building in the Loop – originally the State of Illinois Building – houses Illinois state government offices, a transit station and retail space. However, current legislation is calling for the state to sell the center, leaving its future uncertain. (Read More)
O'Hare Rotunda Building, Chicago, Cook County
The mid-century building designed by Gertrude Kerbis now serves as a vestibule to Terminal 3's Concourse G. While currently in use, it could be vulnerable in the future as major changes and upgrades are planned at O'Hare. (Read More)
Singer Pavilion, Chicago, Cook County
The last remaining building of the Michael Reese Hospital complex, which was demolished by the city following the lost Olympic bid, is sitting vacant on Chicago's South Side. Redevelopment of the campus is pending and reuse of the Loebl, Scholssma n, and Bennett-designed Singer Pavilion is uncertain. (Read More)
Ryan's Round Barn, Johnson-Sauk Trail State Recreation Area, Henry County
This round barn built in 1910 and listed in the National Register of Historic Places has a failing roof and a growing list of necessary repairs, increasing in price with each year's delay. It is owned by the State of Illinois, Department of Natural Resources, and as a result of the budget crisis, critical funding to repair and maintain the barn has been put on hold indefinitely. (Read More)
McKee House, Lombard, DuPage County
Constructed during the Federal Works Progress Administration for the Forest Preserve District of DuPage County, the Colonial Revival home formerly served as a forest preserve headquarters and residence for its superintendent. Today, the Forest Preserve District is considering demolition of the building despite studies showing its ability to be rehabilitated. (Read More)
Norway Temperance Hall, Norway, LaSalle County
This small hall in unincorporated Norway tells the story of the temperance movement as part of the Norwegian-American experience. Community members and partner organizations want to purchase the building, which is in need of significant repair, suffering from water infiltration, a shifting foundation and cracking walls. (Read More)
Federal Historic Tax Credit, Statewide
Current federal tax reform legislation is putting this vital incentive for reuse and rehabilitation of historic buildings in Illinois and the nation at risk. Specifically, historic preservation projects in Belleville (Belleville Hotel), Danville (Bresee Tower), Peoria (Chic Manufacturing Building) and Rockford (Ziock Building) are all threatened if the Federal Historic Tax Credit is not retained. (Read More)
Historic Bridges, Statewide
Ongoing investment in our state's infrastructure, and especially our historic bridges, remains a challenge. Funding is increasingly used for demolition or replacement instead of rehabilitation. Specifically, historic bridges in Long Grove (Lake County), Maeystown (Monroe County) and St. Francisville (Lawrence County) are at risk if repairs are not made. (Read More)
Route 66, Statewide
The 90-year-old, 2,400-mile highway from Chicago to Los Angeles is an economic force in Illinois tourism. While many historic sites, motels and restaurants along Illinois's portion of Route 66 remain in need of rehabilitation and economic development assistance, the National Park Service's Route 66 Corridor Preservation Program will legislatively expire within three years, posing an even greater challenge to preserving sites along the historic highway. Illinois legislators are leading the charge to develop alternative programs and designations to support historic Route 66. (Read More)
World War I Monuments, Statewide
These important and historic markers paying tribute to those who fought in the Great War are nearing 100 years old and many are in need of repair to return them to their dedication-era quality and appearance. April 6, 2017 marks the 100th anniversary of the U.S. entry into WWI, and Landmarks Illinois has launched a new grant program to help communities restore these significant memorials. (Read More)
Full descriptions and photos of each site are available on our Most Endangered webpage.
Background on the Most Endangered Historic Places in Illinois
Every year, Landmarks Illinois' Most Endangered Historic Places in Illinois provides a focus for our organization's statewide advocacy efforts. Over the last 22 years, a third of all properties and sites included on the annual Most Endangered list have been saved. Less than a quarter of them have been demolished, and the remainders are in varying stages between being continually threatened and rehabilitation.
You can view past years' Most Endangered lists on our Most Endangered webpage.
About Landmarks Illinois
Landmarks Illinois is a membership-based nonprofit organization serving the people of Illinois. We inspire and empower stakeholders to save places that matter to them by providing free guidance, practical and financial resources and access to strategic partnerships.
(Pictured above: James R. Thompson Center. Credit: Landmarks Illinois.)
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Billing clips used in Lap Chole procedure?
We have a third party billing agency that is telling me we can bill for the clips used in laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedures as implants.
Have you found this to be true? My administrator and myself are hesitant to bill for these since they absorb into the body like suture, and you can't bill for that.
You'd THINK the lap chole clips would be a global component of the surgical/laparoscopic procedure in an ASC....and not separately billable..... just a thought.
I do bill for them with HCPCS C1760, but recently we had an insurance deny because they did not consider them an implant.
It looks like they're being consistently denied by the major private payors here as well, but our service is billing for them using A4649.


Jeju Island is a famous getaway spot for many reasons. It has beautiful beaches, blue sea views and of course, this new annual beer festival. Jjan Festival is still in its infancy – the first one was last summer – but with a pretty setting like this, it's sure to be a continued success.
This year's event runs from 20 July to 22 July, so you've got some time to plan a visit to the island if you're already heading to Korea any time soon. Craft beer, food stalls and live music await. You need to buy drink tickets upfront to sample the drinks, and tickets start from 6,000 KRW but there is an early bird discount of 10% if you buy them before July 15th.
Note that due to drinking laws in Korea, you must be at least 19 years old to partake in the booze. Best make sure you're carrying ID at all times just in case.
The official website is here, but it's in Korean only. The KTO website offers more info in English on how to get there from the airport. Cheers!
Next Article [KOREAN CORNER] Writing and Reading Hangeul!


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December 12 ~ Today in Music History
Posted by MaryO on December 12, 2015
Chanukah Music
Chanukah Music Lyrics
Christmas Music, Part 12 ~ Still, Still, Still
• 1887 ~ Kurt Atterberg
• 1915 ~ Frank (Francis Albert) Sinatra, American actor and singer of popular music
• 1918 ~ Joe Williams (Joseph Goreed), Jazz singer, sang with Count Basie, actor on The Bill Cosby Show
• 1938 ~ Connie Francis (Concetta Franconero), American singer and actress
• 1941 ~ Terry Kirkman, Wind instruments, keyboards with The Association
• 1941 ~ Dionne Warwick, American Grammy Award-winning of popular music
• 1942 ~ Mike Pindar, Keyboards with The Moody Blues
• 1943 ~ Dickie Betts, Guitar with The Allman Brothers and also Great Southern
• 1943 ~ Mike Smith, Organs, singer with The Dave Clark Five
• 1943 ~ Grover Washington, Jr., American jazz saxophonist
• 1946 ~ Clive Bunker, Drummer with Jethro Tull
• 1949 ~ Paul Rodgers, Piano, vocals with Free, Bad Company, The Firm
• 1959 ~ Sheila E. (Escovedo), Drummer, singer
• 1959 ~ Paul Rutherford, Singer with Frankie Goes to Hollywood
• 1984 ~ The group known as Band Aid, 38 of Britain's top rock musicians, recorded Do They Know This is Christmas? for Ethiopian famine victims. Despite the best of intentions, much of the food raised never got to the starving Ethiopians. In fact, much of it was found rotting on docks, not fit for human consumption. More than a Band-Aid was needed to fix that political mess.
• 1989 ~ Lindsay Crosby, son of crooner Bing Crosby, died
• 2002 ~ Actor Brad Dexter, who rode with Yul Brynner as one of the "Magnificent Seven" and became a confidant of both Marilyn Monroe and Frank Sinatra, died. He was 85. Burly and handsome, he was often cast as a tough guy in supporting roles, which included 1958's "Run Silent, Run Deep," starring Burt Lancaster and Clark Gable, and 1965's "None but the Brave," starring Sinatra. He made his film debut in the "The Asphalt Jungle" in 1950, but his most prominent role came in 1960's "The Magnificent Seven," in which he starred with Brynner, Steve McQueen, Charles Bronson and James Coburn. Born Boris Milanovich in Goldfield, Nev., Dexter made guest appearances on the 1950s television shows "Zane Gray Theater," "Death Valley Days" and "Wagon Train." In January 1953, he married singer Peggy Lee, but they divorced eight months later. Soon after his divorce, Dexter befriended Monroe. In 1954, he tried unsuccessfully to persuade her to stay with her husband, Joe DiMaggio. His friendship with Sinatra took on legendary proportions during the filming of "None but the Brave" in 1964. On location in Hawaii, Sinatra nearly drowned and Dexter saved his life.
• 2002 ~ Marvin O. Herzog, who traveled the world with his for 58 years, died of pancreatic cancer. He was 70. Herzog was a polka celebrity who regularly booked 170 appearances a year. He and his band would travel more than 75,000 miles a year in a converted Greyhound bus. For years, Herzog was the star and co-sponsor of Frankenmuth's Summer Music Fest, which drew about 25,000 visitors annually to the town known for its Bavarian events and shopping. Born in Frankenmuth, Herzog lived there his entire life. He quit his job at Star of the West Milling in 1973 to concentrate full-time on polka music. He played a Cordovox – a mix of organ and accordion. Herzog recorded 32 albums, including his Schnitzelbank and Octoberfestrecords in German as well as Polish, Italian and English polkas. He had a radio show and co-hosted a television show. Herzog was inducted into the International Polka Association Hall of Fame in 1979.
This entry was posted in Composers, musicians, Today in Music History and tagged Christmas Music, composer, keyboard, organist, piano, saxophonist, singer, Today in Music History, video. Bookmark the permalink.
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🎇 New Year's Eve!
1929 ~ Guy Lombardo and his Royal Canadians played Auld Lang Syne as a New Year's Eve song for the first time. Auld Lang Syne had been the band's theme song long before 1929. However, this night was the start of a New Year's Eve tradition as Lombardo's famed orchestra played at the Hotel Roosevelt […]
🍝 National Spaghetti Day
National Spaghetti Day on January 4 recognizes that long, thin cylindrical pasta of Italian and Sicilian origin.
🎂 Happy Birthday, Victor Borge!
Victor Borge made his debut as a pianist in 1926, and as a revue actor in 1933. From 1940 until his death in 2000 he worked in the USA for radio, television, and theatre, and has performed with leading symphony orchestras on worldwide tours since 1956. He was best known for his comedy sketches combining […]
2⃣0⃣2⃣ 3⃣ Happy 2023
New Year's Day is observed on January 1, and is probably the most celebrated public holiday, often observed with fireworks at the stroke of midnight as the new year starts in each time zone.
🎄 Christmas Music: Composers by the Numbers
🎁 Boxing Day
Boxing Day is a holiday traditionally celebrated the day following Christmas Day, when servants and tradesmen would receive gifts, known as a "Christmas box", from their masters, employers or customers, in the United Kingdom,The Bahamas, Barbados, Canada, Hong Kong, Australia, Bermuda, New Zealand, Kenya, South Africa, Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica and other former British […]
🎄 Christmas Countdown: Hallelujah Chorus
Messiah (HWV 56) is an English-language oratorio composed in 1741 by George Frideric Handel, with a scriptural text compiled by Charles Jennens from the King James Bible, and from the Psalms. It was first performed in Dublin on 13 April 1742, and received its London premiere nearly a year later. After an initially modest public […]
🎄 Christmas Countdown: Have a Merry, Musical Christmas!
Find MrsO in the video!
🎄 Christmas Countdown: O Holy Night
"O Holy Night" ("Cantique de Noël") is a well-known Christmas carol composed by Adolphe Adam in 1847 to the French poem "Minuit, chrétiens" (Midnight, Christians) by Placide Cappeau (1808–1877).
🎄 The Most Educational Christmas Carol Ever ~ "Intervals Roasting"
Music theory has never sounded so catchy with this witty remake of the holiday classic The Christmas Song (with apologies to Mel Torme) Try not to laugh at the ending. Though it is a bit humorous, this version titled 'Intervals Roasting', with lyrics by David Rakowski, attempts to encapsulate the fundamentals of music theory in […]
🎄 Christmas Countdown:Adeste Fideles
"O Come, All Ye Faithful" (originally written in Latin as Adeste Fideles) is a Christmas carol which has been attributed to various authors, including John Francis Wade (1711–1786), John Reading (1645–1692) and King John IV of Portugal (1604–1656), with the earliest manuscript of the hymn bearing his name, located in the library of the Ducal […]
🎄 Christmas Countdown: Gesù Bambino
Gesù Bambino by Pietro Yon has always had a place in my childhood memories since my church choir sang it every Christmas. Other than that, it didn't seem to be too well known but this song has been turning up in piano books lately. There are now several versions in the O'Connor Music Studio if […]
🎄 Christmas Countdown: Tchaikovsky's Nutcracker
Although the original production was not a success, the 20-minute suite that Tchaikovsky extracted from the ballet was. However, the complete Nutcracker has enjoyed enormous popularity since the late 1960s and is now performed by countless ballet companies, primarily during the Christmas season, especially in North America. Major American ballet companies generate around 40 percent […]
🎄 Christmas Countdown: Johnny Marks
Who? You might say. Johnny Marks (November 10, 1909 – September 3, 1985) was an American songwriter. Although he was Jewish, he specialized in Christmas songs and wrote many holiday standards, including "Rudolph, the Red-Nosed Reindeer"…
🕎 Happy Hanukkah!
Hanukkah 2021 began in the evening of Sunday, November 28 and ends in the evening of Monday, December 6
🎄 Christmas Countdown: Good King Wenceslas
In 1853, English hymn writer John Mason Neale wrote the "Wenceslas" lyrics, in collaboration with his music editor Thomas Helmore, and the carol first appeared in Carols for Christmas-Tide, 1853. Neales' lyrics were set to a tune based on a 13th century spring carol "Tempus adest floridum" ("The time is near for flowering") first published […]
🎄 Christmas Cantata
The PUMC Sanctuary Choir (including MrsO!) and Orchestra provided a Christmas Cantata during traditional worship service on December 18 at 9:00. The music included: Bethlehem Christmas Sanctus Joy Has Dawned Tell Out My Soul (Soprano—Laura Connors; Baritone-Brian Stevenson) I Saw Three Ships And selections by the Orchestra.
🎄 Christmas Countdown: We Three Kings
"We Three Kings", also known as "We Three Kings of Orient Are" or "The Quest of the Magi", is a Christmas carol written by the Reverend John Henry Hopkins, Jr., who wrote both the lyrics and the music.
🎂 Happy Birthday, Beethoven!
Happy Birthday, Beethoven! He used the # in unusual places before Twitter… but how would Beethoven have used Facebook? And what would his profile look like? From his likes and dislikes to his friends and love interests, we've imagined what the composer might have posted online throughout his life.
🎄 Christmas Countdown: The Birthday of a King
Words and music by William Harold Neidlinger (1863-1924), circa 1890. Neidlinger was a composer, conductor, organist at St. Michael's Church, New York City, and voice teacher, but his main interest was working with retarded children, and he founded a school for this purpose in East Orange, N.J. Originally published in 1912 in Neidlinger's native Brooklyn, […]
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Employees may elect to join Founder's Credit Union at any of their locations in the three-county area. Employees also may join the SC State Credit Union. Please call the Human Resources Department, Founder's, or SC State Credit Union for more information.
Payroll checks can be directly deposited into your checking or savings account each pay period. If you choose to have direct deposit, print the direct deposit form and attach a voided deposit slip and send to attn: Human Resources. On the FIRST month, we submit a "pre-note" to the bank to make sure there are no problems transferring into your bank account. You will have a check to pick up at that time. On the SECOND month, your money will be automatically transferred into your account.
The State of South Carolina Section 125 plan administered by Fringe Benefits Management Company. Employees may have a Medical Spending Account, Dependent Care Account or Health Savings Account.
The PerksCard started in 1988 as an employer-sponsored savings programs for companies with more than 1,000 employees, including the State Employees of South Carolina.
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If you are injured on the job, notify your supervisor and the Human Resources department, which will file a First Report of Injury. If medical assistance is required, you will be informed where to seek medical care. If immediate assistance is needed, have someone call 911 and also contact the Human Resources department at (843) 921-6928 or (843) 921-6908.


There are many applications that can be reused by custom built applications because of the power of the android design that is based on implicit intents.
In this blog we are taking about the reuse the existing android application.
1. Create a application an android project.
3. Place the appropriate permission in the Androidmainfeast.xml file.


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Investigation into Sushchenko's case may be completed in September – lawyer
Investigative actions into the case of Ukrainian journalist Roman Sushchenko who was illegally detained in Moscow may be completed in September if it is not deliberately "slowed down".
Lawyer of the journalist Mark Feygin said this in an interview with Ukrinform.
"If Sushchenko's case is not slowed down, I can forecast that in September we will reach the end of the investigative actions," he said.
Feygin also noted as positive the fact that "there is a political dynamics at the international level in the discussion of the issue on possible exchange of Sushchenko."
As reported, Ukrinform correspondent in France Roman Sushchenko was arrested in Moscow on September 30, where he arrived on a private visit. On October 7, he was accused of "espionage."
The Russian Federal Security Service claimed that Sushchenko was an employee of the Main Intelligence Directorate of the Ukrainian Defense Ministry. The latter denied the allegations.
The period of Sushchenko's detention was extended until September 30.
Exhibition of Sushchenko's drawings opens on facade of Ukrainian Embassy in Poland
Sushchenko will be left in prison's 'safe place' – defense lawyer
Désir: I will make every effort to release Roman Sushchenko
Freeland writes postcards to Sushchenko, Sentsov


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Literature, Books, and Poetry
Cross Strait Relations Between Taiwan and China
Regional Tensions
America and the Asia Pacific
Youth Movements
Review: Love Boat: Taiwan (愛之船:台灣)
Review: Challenging Beijing's Mandate of Heaven
Music's Role in Shaping Progressive Politics for Youth Visible During Presidential Office Concert
Taiwan Excluded from WHA for Third Straight Year
What Are the Implications of Taiwan and America's National Security Chiefs Meeting?
Huawei Ban by Google Could Lead to Further Escalation of US-China Trade War
Injustice and Violence: An Interview With the Guerrilla Boys
高雄作為一座好客的城市:與洪世謙談民主、人民、政「峙」
Interview: Land Dyke (土拉客)
Financial Times Reports That Taiwanese Media Outlets Are Seeking Chinese Government Approval for Stories
The KMT Attempts to Use Hong Kong as a Wedge Issue Against the DPP
Tsai Visits New York, Gives Speech at Columbia University
Violent Attacks on Demonstrators by Hong Kong Police During Protests in Sha Tin, Sheng Shui
Lin Fei-Fan Joins DPP to Take up Position as Deputy Secretary-General
No End in Sight to Demonstrations in Hong Kong After Another Refusal by Lam to Withdraw Extradition Bill
A Changed Hong Kong and Taiwan One Year after the Umbrella and Sunflower Movement
Brian Hioe 09/30/2015 EnglishSeptember 2015Social MovementsYouth Movements
by Brian Hioe
English /// 中文
Photo Credit: Kin Cheung/AP
Looking Back on A Year of Protest
FOR A CHINA forever on the guard against the specter of "separatism," the future does not appear to be a good one. It is probable that 2016 elections in Taiwan will be one in which Tsai Ing-Wen, candidate of the DPP and not the pro-China KMT, will be victorious. And Taiwanese civil society will remain active, with the recent formation of a number of new third parties originating out of Taiwanese civil society. In August we saw high school students occupy the Ministry of Education of education after the suicide of student activist, Lin Kuanhua. As 2016 elections approach and political tensions heighten, we can very probably expect further outbreaks of protest, although it remains to be seen whether anything as large as the Sunflower Movement would emerge, the Ministry of Education occupation never being as large in numbers or scale as last year's Legislative Yuan occupation.
On the other hand, one year after the Umbrella Movement which shook the world in fall of 2014, it does appear that there is greater disorder for Hong Kong with the possibility of a second Umbrella Movement appearing to be unlikely at present. In late June, Hong Kong lawmakers voted down a reform proposal by China, with 28 pan-democratic lawmakers out of 70 lawmakers voting down the proposal, 8 refusing, and a number of pro-China lawmakers attempting to stall the vote through a walkout but this failing when the vote happened anyway, despite their absence.
Pan-Democratic lawmakers walking out of the legislative chamber in April. Photo credit: Vincent Yu/AP
This was not unexpected, and despite that pan-democratic lawmakers have seen heavy criticism by Umbrella Movement activists themselves in recent months for being overly moderate, it is also true that the division of lawmakers along pro-Beijing and pan-democratic lines leads to an impasse in the current situation in Hong Kong. Beijing will no doubt continue to seek to diminish Hong Kong's relative autonomy relative to mainland China, but it is funny to note that while it might attempt to do so through the auspices of democracy in order to minimize resistance, it is not doing a terribly good job. Hong Kong Chief Executive C.Y. Leung, much reviled during the Umbrella Movement, recently caused a public incident by declaring the "transcendent" authority of his position. And although many commemorative activities were held in Hong Kong to mark the one year anniversary of the Umbrella Movement, we did not see any significant outbreak of protests.
But what, then, for China in the near future? As part of recent moves at centralizing its authority and expanding regional power, China wishes to firmly consolidate its rule over Hong Kong, and at least in public rhetoric, seeks to resolve the longstanding Taiwan question as soon as possible. This will not be easy for China.
Similarities Between Taiwan and Hong Kong Protest Culture
PERHAPS WE CAN say that over one year after the Sunflower Movement and the Umbrella Movement, the battlefield has shifted to electoral grounds in Taiwan and Hong Kong. There is no surprise there, where the outbreak of social movements tend to be short but explosive, and usually lead to a loss of momentum afterwards. In the cases of both Taiwan and Hong Kong, in the absence of the outbreak of subsequent social movements, momentum shifts towards electoral politics. The August Ministry of Education occupation in Taiwan saw an interruption of the electoral politics which had set in for much of the year after the Sunflower Movement, but after the end of the election, we largely saw a return to normal electoral politics.
As evidenced in the Sunflower Movement, the Umbrella Movement, and the August Ministry of Education occupation, both Hong Kong and Taiwan share a similar protest culture. For one, with both Taiwan and Hong Kong, one is struck by the key role of students. Students in societies with traditionally Confucian value systems as Hong Kong have the social position whereby they can stand for what is "pure" and take action in the name of realizing a more just social order in name of that purity. So then, do students have a role in society which is quite particular to the role they play in outbreaks of social unrest in Asia as the Umbrella Revolution, the Sunflower Movement, the Ministry of Education occupation, or even the present movement in Japan against the reinterpretation Article 9 of the Japanese constitution. But combined with that youth are globally being put into the spotlight whereas protest across the world is concerned with the generation of an increasing amount of young in social conditions less than conducive to their livelihood, Asia's youth are driven to the forefront of protest movements.
Taiwanese president Ma Ying-Jeou depicted as a monstrous "titan" from popular anime Shingeki No Kyojin, with Sunflower Movement leaders depicted as protagonists of the show. Photo credit: 大牙齦劇團
Similarly, it says something about the hyper-conscious nature of contemporary protest to the degree that both Taiwan and Hong Kong consciously sought out emblems and symbols and adopted a set of protest aesthetics regarding these adopted symbols. In the case of the Sunflower Movement, sunflowers were distributed in the courtyard of the Legislative Yuan on the night of the initial occupation, and subsequently adopted as the symbol of the movement. The Umbrella Revolution's name comes from the use of umbrellas by protestors to defend against the firing of tear gas by Hong Kong police. One can speculate as to that both movements sought to brand themselves, given that information circulates most easily through brand names and recognizable imagery in the age of social media. And so both movements subsequently saw an explosion of sunflower or umbrella-themed art.
In pointing to similarities in protest artwork, we might also be keenly aware of the significant influence of Japanese pop culture on the artworks of the Sunflower Movement and Umbrella Movement. Where Hong Kong and Taiwan saw an explosion of economic development in the 1970s and 1980s as two of the "East Asian Tigers" and subsequent building of economic trade ties with other East Asian countries as Japan, Korea, Singapore, and others the result was the importation of Japanese pop culture which allowed for the diffusion of Japanese cultural influence.
This was a product of the earlier Japanese economic miracle having provided the economic structures for the diffusion of Japanese cultural commodities to later developing East Asian economies. But where Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and other East Asian tigers shared similar economic development models, the result was a similarity in lifestyle between these countries. This allowed for the diffusion of Japanese cultural products where depictions of Japanese daily life and cultural values as founded upon a culture of middle class consumption, resonated closely enough with the lifestyles of middle class individuals living in Hong Kong and Taiwan that they would find widespread circulation. Certainly, this is another indication of that the socioeconomic similarity of Hong Kong and Taiwan is probably the reason as to why Hong Kong and Taiwan would develop similar protest cultures.
The 《超級香港故事》("Super Hong Kong Story") comic by by 活人拳 which became a viral hit during the Umbrella Movement (left) with a still from Japanese anime G Gundam (right). Photo credit: 活人拳
Whereas international media made much of Hong Kong's Umbrella Revolution as the "most polite protestors ever" during the Umbrella Movement in picking up trash and maintaining the orderliness of their occupation site, one can point to that that the Sunflower Movement protestors were also quite surprisingly orderly in religiously cleaning the site around the Legislative Yuan. Certainly, some journalists at the time of the Umbrella Movement saw evidence that Hong Kong protestors have looked towards Taiwanese activists in structuring their own movement in matters of internal organization, and it is also true that a number of activists later involved in the Umbrella Movement actually did come to Taiwan after the Sunflower Movement in order to learn from Sunflower Movement activists, I myself meeting several such individuals in the aftermath of the Sunflower Movement.
Yet rather than point to direct influence between Taiwan and Hong Kong, one wonders whether this misses something about contemporary protest culture worldwide and how a global set of socioeconomic conditions facing young people has led to protest movements across the world that share certain characteristics. One remembers how Occupy Wall Street, coming out of the tradition of global summit-hopping protests such as protests against the G-8 or IMF conferences from the 1990s, rapidly developed a self-organized structure to clean the occupation site of Zuccotti Park on a regular basis—although this may not have ever been terribly effective in keeping Zuccotti Park clean.
Umbrella Movement encampment in August of last year. Photo credit: EPA/Jerome Favre
But the longer a protest movement which might be disruptive of people's everyday lives, the more public dissatisfaction against it grows. While the Sunflower Movement's occupation of the area surrounding the Legislative Yuan was far removed enough from daily life in Taipei for this to never become a problem, to the extent that the Hong Kong occupation involves the occupation of parts of Hong Kong integral to people's daily living, this became where animosity surged up against the Umbrella Movement occupations for disrupting everyday life in certain areas of Hong Kong.
The Taiwanese Legislative Yuan occupation was remarkable for its length, given that it lasted twenty four days. But, in the end, it terminated before factional conflict became too damaging to the movement as a whole, and before the movement began to grate on lives of everyday Taiwanese. We can say much the same with the Ministry of Education occupation, although it was put to an end by approaching typhoon. On the contrary, by the time the Umbrella Movement ended, there was significant backlash against the movement for dragging on so long, and the movement had begun fragmenting violently, with its leaders continuing to apologize in the present for not calling it off sooner. We see continued fragmentation in the present.
Differences Between Hong Kong and Taiwan Regarding Sense of Identity
BUT IF WE may point to where the terrain of contestation has now shifted towards electoral politics, if we are point to an origin of the differences between how the Sunflower Movement and how the Umbrella Movement, this may lie in the fundamental differences between Hong Kong and Taiwan. The turn towards electoral politics is also quite different in the relation to civil society and activist politics between Taiwan and Hong Kong.
In both Taiwan and Hong Kong, civil society comes into conflict with lawmakers, and lawmakers tend to be more conservative than civil society, or come with a set of interests that conflict with civil society. But actually, if we are to venture a comparison between Taiwanese civil society and groups in Hong Kong, there has been greater tension between activist groups in Hong Kong and pan-democratic lawmakers. Where it is also true that there is some tension between Taiwanese civil society groups and the Taiwanese Democratic Progressive Party, Taiwanese civil society groups have, on the whole, been rather supportive of the Tsai Ing-Wen presidential candidacy if they are usually also critical of the Democratic Progressive Party as a whole.
This may also reflect the multipolar nature of electoral politics in Hong Kong, where in Taiwan despite the rise of new third parties, political power still divides largely between the pan-blue and pan-green camps. Within new third parties, the so-called "Third Force," it is a divisive issue as to whether one should cooperate with the DPP or not for local elections and as to whether one should soften one's ideological line in order to appeal to "light blue" voters who supported the KMT in the past. It is a further question as to whether untested Third Force parties will find success in upcoming elections, given that Third Force parties may not cooperate among themselves, and may not be able to win unless they come together in alliance. However, despite claims to try and break out of the Blue-Green deadlock of Taiwanese politics, it is probably true that Third Force parties as a whole still operate within the rubric of the pan-Green alliance.
Tsai Ing-Wen at a recent campaign rally. Photo credit:蔡英文 Tsai Ing-wen Facebook Page
But there are also strong differences in the relation to China between Taiwan and Hong Kong. Since the end of the Umbrella Movement we have seen an outbreak of anti-Chinese sentiment, for example, the rise of localist/nativist sentiment on a level never before seen, and the emergence of the previously marginal political platform of Hong Kong independence as a significant platform which is now advocated by groups where it was previously a radical, marginal position. To begin with, it is vaguely surprising that Hong Kong independence was not previously a political position which had any widespread circulation given Hong Kong's unavoidable position of political subjugation to China; by contrast, the decades old Taiwanese independence movement goes on despite the de facto independence of Taiwan to China.
After the Sunflower Movement, there was some controversy over a Chinese student studying in Taiwan who ran for a student office position after previously expressing support for the Sunflower Movement and some protest regarding Chinese tourist groups in Kaohsiung. But it is probably also true to say that anti-Chinese sentiment directly targeting mainland Chinese on racial, ethnic, or sub-ethnic grounds is nowhere as widespread in Taiwan as it is Hong Kong.
Hong Kongers have a longstanding reputation disliking mainland Chinese. Hong Kongers' antagonism towards Chinese is not only in regards to the Chinese encroachment upon Hong Kong's sovereignty, but also lifestyle. Stories of Chinese tourists swarming into and then blatantly disregarding Hong Kong social custom, most infamously in incidents of public defecation, contribute to an image of mainland Chinese are being in some sense uncivilized. One can point to a clear economic element to this, whereas the Chinese poor recently elevated to a socioeconomic status which allows for travel to Hong Kong are not so habituated to first-world social mores.
The infamous "locust ad" which appeared in the Apple Daily. Photo credit: Apple Daily
Likewise, with the migration of Chinese into Hong Kong with the easing of border restrictions, stories are circulated of Chinese entering Hong Kong to give birth only for the sake of their children being able to enjoy Hong Kong's economic benefits. It is true that 40,000 mainland Chinese mothers gave birth in Hong Kong hospitals in 2011, for example. And so Chinese appear parasitic to Hong Kongers; infamously, an ad in the Apple Daily depicted Chinese as locusts. Smugglers operating across the mainland China-Hong Kong border also at times become the target of hostility, where they sometimes skirt the fringes of the law to Hong Kong's economic detriment. Hostility towards mainland Chinese on this basis has heightened since the Umbrella Movement. The most recent prominent examples has been a set of images circulated on social media which seek to point towards some essentialist difference between Chinese and residents of Hong Kong in regards to manners and custom, these images having circulated widely on the basis of being well-designed, but also having attracted controversy not only in regards to discriminatory sentiment towards Chinese.
Rising inequality within both Taiwan and Hong Kong has also sometimes been the product of Chinese influence. What has served to drive up real estate prices to be unaffordable in both Hong Kong and Taiwan has been the influx of Chinese business and economic interests, for example. Likewise, same stories about tourists largely circulate in Taiwan, which also sees an influx of Chinese tourists yearly, although there is far less Chinese migration. Yet Taiwan does not have a reputation for anti-Chinese sentiment the way that Hong Kong does. Why?
Namely, in both the Sunflower Movement and the Umbrella Movement, there was an internal enemy and an external enemy. In the Sunflower Movement, the internal enemy was the pro-China KMT, which undemocratically advanced policies aimed at facilitating the economic integration of Taiwan and China. The external enemy was, of course, the Chinese Communist Party. Likewise, in Hong Kong, the internal enemy was the Hong Kong government, which subjected protestors to police violence, and undemocratically aimed the facilitate the policies mandated by Beijing. The external enemy was, too, the CCP.
One of the viral images illustrating purported differences between Chinese and Hong Kongers. Photo credit: Local Studio HK (本土工作室)
But Taiwan, unlike Hong Kong, is already constituted as an independent self-governing territory. Taiwan's Sunflower Movement was vaguely defensive in nature of Taiwan's already existing, if highly imperfect independence. If hostility towards Chinese is founded upon an sense of anxiety, Taiwanese drift far less towards anti-Chinese sentiment because of a less of a sense of anxiety about Taiwan's already existing state of independence. Where Hong Kong is not independent, the sense of anxiety about China is more deeply set. So then is there is not only opposition to the Chinese government, but also to the Chinese themselves.
In at least Taiwan after the Sunflower Movement, with yearly Tiananmen Massacre commemoration activities, Taiwanese activists declared solidarity with Chinese democracy activists as they had in years prior—though stressing that Taiwan and China were separate, and that solidarity activities directed towards China were conducted by Taiwanese as a solidarity action towards their neighboring country. In Hong Kong, however, controversy ensued about whether residents of Hong Kong should commemorate the anniversary of the Tiananmen Square massacre, some arguing that residents of Hong Kong had not need to commemorate something that took place in a foreign territory. This is despite that historically and up to the present, Tiananmen Massacre commemoration activities in Taiwan have had small attendance. By contrast, in the past they tended very large in Hong Kong and, in fact, at times featured numbers of historical significance.
But we can perhaps point again to the growing strength of localism/nativism and a pro-independence movement in Hong Kong after the Umbrella Movement, where Taiwan already had a long-standing independence movement and a period in which ethno-nationalist sentiment ran high, before this was later replaced with a form of civic nationalism. Likewise, we can point to this being a simple matter of Taiwan's greater geographic distance from China. Will activists in Taiwan and Hong Kong, then, draw lines in the sand between themselves and Chinese on exclusivist grounds in the future?
Demonstrators forcing their way into the Ministry of Education in Taiwan on July 30th. Photo credit: Brian Hioe
We will see as to what the future bodes. Against ethno-nationalism, however, it is refreshing to observe that the textbook protests which broke out, high school age student activists stressed that their point was not to emphasize a form of native Taiwanese history against the Chinese history that the KMT would attempt to put into place—but rather, that Taiwan needed history textbooks in which the history that was taught reflected Taiwan's multi-ethnic nature, given the multi-ethnic nature of contemporary Taiwanese society and Taiwanese history.
Where Taiwan's de facto sense of independence has allowed for some seventy odd years to meditate upon the meaning of the Taiwanese identity vis-a-vis China, the sense of confidence of Taiwanese about their Taiwanese identity as distinguished from a Chinese identity has had more time to be deeply thought out. This may, however, be because Taiwan is simply farther removed from China than Hong Kong both geographically and historically.
A Shared Nostalgia for the Colonial Past?
TO TURN TOWARDS questions of national identity, we can point to certain similarities between how Hong Kongers and Taiwanese conceive of their identity in relation to China. As Lin Fei-Fan of Sunflower Movement fame pointed out quite correctly in an article for The Diplomat, there certainly are historical resonances between Taiwan and Hong Kong. What Hong Kong and Taiwan share alike is the history of colonialism in which both were bifurcated from a mainland Chinese identity by virtue of colonialism. In the case of Hong Kong, this was of course the history of British colonialism from 1839 onwards, which only ended in 1997 with the return of Hong Kong sovereignty to China.
By contrast, Taiwan was colonized by the Japanese from 1895 to 1945, splitting it from mainland Chinese history. Taiwan was then "colonized" by the KMT after its defeat in China and retreat to Taiwan. Likewise, where Taiwan has further precedents for a split history from China dating to before Japanese colonialism beginning from the 1895 Treaty of Shimonoseki, western scholarship tends to date the split between Taiwan and China as occurring from the 1949 defeat of the KMT.
Protestors in 2013 in Hong Kong calling for the resignation of C.Y. Leung while waving British colonial flags. Photo credit: EPA
For both Hong Kong and Taiwan, it is of note that this colonial history is upheld in the present in order to justify claims that Hong Kong or Taiwan are not quintessentially Chinese. Hong Kong's period of British colonialism has become mythicized to some extent, in regards to that the British introduced democratic reform into Hong Kong which subsequently repealed when Hong Kong fell to Chinese control, providing the grounds for the demand that Hong Kong had been promised long before and that China's current actions are hypocritical. To some extent, Hong Kong's British past has therefore become mythicized on the basis that the British understood Hong Kong as "ready" for democracy versus a greater China which apparently was not and so sought to introduce democracy into Hong Kong, despite the truth is that the British only introduced democratic elements of governance during the final administration of Hong Kong after so many decades of colonial administration as a way to save face and not come off as "abandoning" Hong Kong to autocratic China after the 1990 Tiananmen Square Massacre.
One can find parallel in that the period of Japanese colonial administration has also become mythologized in Taiwan, on the basis of that under Japanese rule, Japanese colonial administrators advanced assimilatory initiatives aimed at integrating educated Taiwanese into the fold of the Japanese colonial empire and were careful guardians of Taiwan's natural resources. By contrast, after control of Taiwan fell to the KMT, the KMT treated Taiwanese as conquered subjects, having become corrupted by Japanese influence, as embodied in economic policies denigrating native Taiwanese and favoring mainland Chinese or the 228 Massacre. Likewise, the KMT proved less careful in managing Taiwanese natural resources than the Japanese, wantonly felling forests.
Former Taiwanese president Lee Teng-Hui visiting Yasukuni Shrine in Japan in 2013. Photo credit: Takungpao
The idealization of past Japanese colonialism may not be as strong in Taiwan versus the idealization of British colonialism in Hong Kong, as those who directly remember the Japanese colonial period in Taiwan, which ended in 1945, are fewer and fewer. It is of note that in both contexts, an idealized colonial past is upheld against the threat of Chinese domination, seen as the present form of colonialism.
What Now, After the Sunflower Movement and Umbrella Movement?
OVER ONE YEAR after the Sunflower Movement and the Umbrella Movement, though there has been much criticism from within Taiwan and Hong Kong concerning how effective both movements actually were from former movement participants, the wide-ranging impact of both movements is not to be underestimated. Despite constantly offering performative rhetoric which would claim the contrary, Beijing, which is certainly not stupid, not doubt realizes that future attempts to consolidate what it views as its peripheries will face widespread resistance. If it has come in with a sledgehammer so far where an approach with greater finesse would probably be more successful, we shall see as to whether Beijing learns.
Even as it is a question in Taiwan and Hong Kong as to what future steps will be to counteract the encroachment of Chinese domination, it, too, has become a question for Beijing exactly it is to win over the hearts and minds of Taiwanese and residents of Hong Kong if it is to consolidate its so-called internal problems. The Ministry of Education occupation, with the entrance of high school students in activist politics after last year's Sunflower Movement was the entrance of college students into politics, is the most striking proof to date that resistance from Taiwan's young will not cease.
Yellow umbrellas being held in the air in solidarity with Hong Kong during a Tiananmen Square commemoration event which was held in June in Taipei. Photo credit: Brian Hioe
Nevertheless, what remains is whether any "United Front" from groups in Taiwan and Hong Kong who have a shared interest in resisting encroachment by Beijing as well as the respective pro-Beijing politics put in by their respective governments can come together. And if Hong Kong and Taiwan are to have a future, this may be what is needed most precisely in the present. One year after the Umbrella Movement, we may in this sense be asking the same question as before about permanent solutions for the issues it was concerned with.
anti-textbook revision movementBeijingChen Wei-Tingchinafeaturedhong kongimperial nostalgiaJoshua WongLin Fei-FanMinEdu OccupationMinistry of Education occupation TaiwannationalismNine-in-one electionsoccupy centralpan-democratic lawmakersScholarismsunflower movementtaiwanUmbrella MovementUmbrella Revolution
Brian Hioe
Brian Hioe was one of the founding editors of New Bloom. He is a freelance writer on social movements and politics, and occasional translator. A New York native and Taiwanese-American, he has an MA in East Asian Languages and Cultures from Columbia University and graduated from New York University with majors in History, East Asian Studies, and English Literature. He was Democracy and Human Rights Service Fellow at the Taiwan Foundation for Democracy from 2017 to 2018.
丘琦欣,創建破土的編輯之一,專於撰寫社會運動和政治的自由作家偶而亦從事翻譯工作。他是出生於紐約的台裔美人。他自哥倫比亞大學畢業,是亞洲語言及文化科系的碩士,同時擁有紐約大學的歷史,東亞研究及英文文學三項學士學位。
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About New Bloom
New Bloom is an online magazine covering activism and youth politics in Taiwan and the Asia Pacific, founded in Taiwan in 2014 in wake of the Sunflower Movement. We seek to put local voices in touch with international discourse, beginning with Taiwan.
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Antigym® or Antigymastique® is a body work method developed by French physiotherapist Thérèse Bertherat in the 1970s. Its popularity has spread outside of France as Antigym practitioners have brought the method across the world, particularly to South America and Europe. Helsinki Times spoke to trained Antigym practitioner, Sonu Manglani, about the method after one of her classes.
THE CLASS takes place in a bright, well-lit room. We begin by standing on our mats, rotating our knees in and out to get a feel of the way different parts of our body are connected to one another. Sonu gives instructions and asks questions as we move through each subtle movement slowly.
The hour seems pass very quickly as we take a few minutes to focus on each movement and our breath. We go through a series of movements both standing and lying down using different props. We each get a small ball which we place underneath one foot at a time, closing our toes around it and squeezing it. The last movement involves placing a pillow underneath the sacrum in order to allow the lower back to relax fully. The end result is a feeling of total body relaxation and better body awareness.
"THIS METHOD OF BODY WORK emphasises the harmony between the neck, shoulders, back and sacrum," explains Sonu after the class. "We pay attention to one specific movement, using the breath to help lengthen and relax the muscles". The connection between the body, the mind and the breath helps to deepen body awareness, a key aspect of this method. It also provides a wonderful opportunity to focus on oneself amidst the stress fast-paced modern life brings to most people.
"Most of us overwork certain muscles which leads to compensation from others," continues Sonu. "One area that is usually overworked is the back area, or what Thérèse Batherat refers to as 'the tiger'." In Antigym, your "tiger" refers to the "musculature of the back of your body, arranged in a solid and continuous chain" from the base of the neck to the toes. This chain is often overworked leading to tightness, pain and overcompensation in the front of the body. Antigym aims to lengthen and stretch this chain so that these muscles can finally relax and start working with greater ease and fluidity.
As it aims to improve flexibility, mobility and reduce stress, this method is a good counterbalance to other physical activity from more labour intense activities like running and gym training to yoga. Sonu herself has been practicing yoga for 15 years. "Since I discovered Antigym 3 years ago, my yoga practice has become more fluid," says Sonu.
Antigym is taught in small groups of maximum 10 people, the ideal size of a class is around 3-7 people. It is recommended that Antigym is practiced regularly but no more than once a week as it takes around 5 days for the body to assimilate the changes. Reaping the benefits of Antigym is a process. Like in other forms of physical exercise it takes time and consistency in order to see and feel the changes.
Sonu holds weekly classes at 9.30am every Monday at Yoga & Wellness Studio in Spektri Business Park in Espoo.


text:
Barbara Wiesława Hermel-Niemczyk (Łódź, 13 de novembro de 1942) é uma ex-jogadora de voleibol da Polônia que competiu nos Jogos Olímpicos de 1964 e 1968.

Em 1964, ela fez parte da equipe polonesa que conquistou a medalha de bronze no torneio olímpico. Quatro anos depois, ela participou de sete jogos e ganhou a segunda medalha de bronze com o conjunto polonês no campeonato olímpico de 1968.

Referências

Ligações externas

Voleibolistas olímpicos da Polônia
Voleibolistas nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 1964
Voleibolistas nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 1968
Medalhistas olímpicos de bronze da Polônia
Naturais de Łódź

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I love history and this, picture filled, page turner is the definitive history of the Scuppernong Springs.
Our goal was to burn all of the piles on the "inside" of the big bend in the river by the Old Hotel Site.
Rich Csavoy arrived early and we got after it.
Pati, a veteran brush pile burner, joined in the fun.
I got these pics while mopping up.
It was a blessed day at the Springs and we burned 19 piles.
Happy Holidays and I Hope to see you out at the Springs!
This entry was posted in Brush Pile Burning, Scuppernong River and tagged Brush Pile Burning, Buckthorn, Kettle Moraine State Forest, Kettle Moraine Trails, Nature, Scuppernong River, Scuppernong Springs, SouthEastern Wisconsin Hiking Trails by paulmozina. Bookmark the permalink.
If you can't make it to Forest Headquarters to pick up your copy of THE PONDS OF THE SCUPPERNONG, you can contact the author, Robert Duerwachter at lowerpost@aol.com to order a signed copy while they last.


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